Wikipedia lgwiki https://lg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olupapula_Olusooka MediaWiki 1.46.0-wmf.26 first-letter Media Special Talk User User talk Wikipedia Wikipedia talk File File talk MediaWiki MediaWiki talk Template Template talk Help Help talk Category Category talk TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk Wewaawo 0 12037 48645 42150 2026-05-02T14:21:34Z ~2026-26662-57 11076 O 48645 wikitext text/x-wiki EMPANDIIKA Y'OLULIMI OLUGANDA ENTONGOLE Mu mwezi gwa Mugulansigo (March) 1947 Gavumenti eya wakati n’eya Buganda zakkiriziganya nezissaawo olukiiko olwatereeza empandiika y'Oluganda. Olukiiko olwo lwalimu ababaka abaakiikirira Ekitongole ky'Ebyenjigiriza, Olukiiko Olukulu olw'e Mmengo, ababaka b’enzikiriza eya C.M.S., W.F.M.. n’Abasiraamu okwo gattako abaamawulire.Dr, A.N. Tucker munnannimi (omukugu mu byennimi) eyava mu London School of Oriental and African Studies ye yakulembera mu kuteesa okwo era ye yali omuwi w'amagezi.Ebyateesebwa era ne bisembebwa olukiiko olwo byakakasibwa Gavumenti eya wakati n’eya Buganda. Eyo ye yali entadikwa y’empandiika eno eyitibwa Empandiika y’Oluganda Entongole, era okuva olwo Gavumenti ya Uganda yalagira empandiika eyo y’eba egobererwa mu kuwandiika ebiwandiiko byonna ebikwata ku mirimu gyayo era n'ebitabo byonna ebisomebwa ebikubibwa Gavumenti mu kyapa oba ebifulumizibwa olw’okukozesa mu masomero ne mu byenjigiriza wonna.<ref>Empandiika y'olulimi Oluganda by Livingston Walusimbi</ref> ie0ogu2i2v3zqmetw5y7glmhokeg8k1 Vienna College Namugongo 0 12941 48654 48044 2026-05-02T17:51:56Z InternetArchiveBot 6271 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 48654 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Vienna College Namugongo''' ssomero lya nsi yonna erikolera mu Uganda, Kenya, Burundi, Tanzania ne Amerika. <ref>{{Cite web |title=About Us |url=http://www.vienna.ug/index.php/15-pages/31-about-us#:~:text=Vienna%20College%20Namugongo,%20is%20a,,%20its%20home%20setting%20%E2%80%93%20Uganda. |access-date=2024-08-30 |website=www.vienna.ug}}</ref> Essomero lino lyawandiisibwa wansi wa [[:en:Ministry_of_Education_and_Sports_(Uganda)|minisitule y'ebyenjigiriza n'emizannyo mu Uganda]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Homepage |url=https://www.education.go.ug/ |access-date=2024-08-30 |website=Ministry of Education And Sports |language=en-US}}</ref> Essomero lino lisomesa ensoma eri ku musingi gwa [[:en:British_Curriculum|British Curriculum]] of [[:en:Cambridge_International_Examinations|Cambridge International]] Extermination syllabus nga erina Reg No. UG010 eri abayizi bonna. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Vienna College Namugongo: Details, Fees and Reviews |url=https://www.international-schools-database.com/in/kampala/vienna-college-namugongo-kampala |access-date=2024-08-30 |website=www.international-schools-database.com |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Vienna College Namugongo |url=https://schoolnet.africa/UG/lower/vienna-college/ |access-date=2024-08-30 |website=Schoolnet Uganda Portal |language=en-US |archive-date=2024-08-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240830123232/https://schoolnet.africa/UG/lower/vienna-college/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Essomero lino lirina abayizi abatakka wansi wa 400. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Home |url=http://vienna.ug/ |access-date=2024-08-30 |website=vienna.ug}}</ref> Essomero lino lisangibwa mu [[Wakiso (disitulikit)|disitulikiti y’e Wakiso]] ku luguudo lw’e Namugongo. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Habari Search Web Directory |url=https://www.habariportal.com/directory/listing/vienna-college-namugongo |access-date=2024-08-30 |website=Habari Web Directory and Community Portal |language=en-US}}</ref> == Emizannyo n'okwewummuzaamu == Vienna College Namugongo erina ebifo eby’emizannyo eby'enjawulo omusobola okuzannyirwa table tennis, badminton, aerobic n’okuwuga. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Vienna College Namugongo |url=https://schoolnet.africa/UG/lower/vienna-college/ |access-date=2024-08-30 |website=Schoolnet Uganda Portal |language=en-US |archive-date=2024-08-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240830123232/https://schoolnet.africa/UG/lower/vienna-college/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=NOTICE FROM VIENNA COLLEGE NAMUGONGO |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/opportunities/notices-3744 |access-date=2024-08-30 |website=New Vision |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-01 |title=What is your school’s co-curricular timetable? |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/education/what-is-your-school-s-co-curricular-timetable--4675394 |access-date=2024-08-30 |website=Monitor |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Uganda |first=TheSpy |date=2024-01-10 |title=Vienna College Namugongo Soars To New Heights As Students Register Outstanding Performance In Cambridge Advanced Subsidiary Exams - TheSpy |url=https://www.spyuganda.com/vienna-college-namugongo-soars-to-new-heights-as-students-register-outstanding-performance-in-cambridge-advanced-subsidiary-exams/ |access-date=2024-08-30 |language=en-GB}}</ref> Essomero lino litegeka emikolo gy’okutikkira abayizi okugenda ku mitendera emirala egy’obuyigirize. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Home |url=http://vienna.ug/ |access-date=2024-08-30 |website=vienna.ug}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Vienna College Namugongo holds inaugural graduation - New Vision Official |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/category/undefined/vienna-college-namugongo-holds-inaugural-grad-NV_190129 |access-date=2024-08-30 |website=www.newvision.co.ug |language=en}}</ref> Essomero lino lyetaba mu mpaka z'eggwanga okugeza nga eza National Schools Basketball. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Vienna in ball finals |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/news/1037074/vienna-ball-finals |access-date=2024-08-30 |website=New Vision |language=en}}</ref> == Enkaayana eziriwo == Essomero lino ttendekero erikangavvula abayizi baayo n’okukola ku misango egiroopebwa gagikwata ku nneeyisa eteli nnungi. Mu mwaka gwa 2023, emisango gy’okutulugunya abantu, okukozesa ebiragalalagala ebimenya amateeka n’emirala gyeyongera. Essomero lino lyatuuza olukiiko n’abazadde okuteekawo enkola ezikuuma abaana okuva ku mpisa ez’obulabe, ekintu ekyagendererwamu okusiga empisa mu bayizi. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-01-25 |title=Vienna College holds emergency meeting over bullying, LGBT |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/vienna-college-holds-emergency-meeting-over-bullying-lgbt-4098262 |access-date=2024-08-30 |website=Monitor |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Vienna College Axes Expats |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/news/1026595/vienna-college-axes-expats |access-date=2024-08-30 |website=New Vision |language=en}}</ref> == Laba ne == * [[Ebyenjigiriza mu Uganda]] * [[:en:Taibah_College_School|Essomero lya Taibah College]] * [[:en:Gayaza_High_School|Essomero lya Gayaza High School]] == Ebijuliziddwa == {{Reflist}} <references /> s79i6u2xlrl2d59uhvhbj9yyjdt3av9 Omugga Sezibwa 0 13037 48642 47883 2026-05-02T12:42:36Z InternetArchiveBot 6271 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 48642 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox river|name=Sezibwa|name_native=|name_native_lang=|name_other=|name_etymology="Sizibwa" ([[Luganda]]):..''my path cannot be blocked''.. <!---------------------- IMAGE & MAP -->|image=Ssezibwa Falls.jpg|image_size=|image_caption=|map=|map_size=250|map_caption=The rivers of northern Uganda with the Sezibwa River (bottom center)|pushpin_map=|pushpin_map_size=|pushpin_map_caption=<!---------------------- LOCATION -->|subdivision_type1=Country|subdivision_name1=[[Uganda]]|subdivision_type2=|subdivision_name2=|subdivision_type3=|subdivision_name3=|subdivision_type4=|subdivision_name4=|subdivision_type5=Cities|subdivision_name5=[[Ngogwe]], [[Kayunga]], [[Galiraya]] <!---------------------- PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS -->|length_km=150|width_min=|width_avg=|width_max=|depth_min=|depth_avg=|depth_max=|discharge1_location=|discharge1_min=|discharge1_avg=|discharge1_max=<!---------------------- BASIN FEATURES -->|source1=[[Ngogwe]], [[Buikwe District]]|source1_location=[[Uganda]]|source1_coordinates={{coord|00|16|12|N|33|00|18|E|display=inline}}|source1_elevation={{convert|1200|m|abbr=on}}|mouth=|mouth_location=[[Lake Kyoga]], [[Kayunga District]], [[Uganda]]|mouth_coordinates={{coord|01|24|00|N|32|44|06|E|display=inline,title}}|mouth_elevation={{convert|1140|m|abbr=on}}|progression=|river_system=|basin_size=|tributaries_left=|tributaries_right=|custom_label=|custom_data=|extra=}}'''Omugga Sezibwa''' mugga mu [[:en:Central_Region,_Uganda|masekkati ga Uganda]], mu [[:en:East_Africa|buvanjuba bwa Afrika]] . Erinnya lino liva mu kigambo [[Luganda|ky'Oluganda]] "sizibirwa kkubo",ekivvuunulwa nti "ekkubo lyange teriyinza kuzibikira". == Ekifo == Omugga Sezibwa gusangibwa mu bukiikaddyo bw'amasekkati ga [[Yuganda]]. Kitandikira ku ntobazzi wakati [[Nnalubaale|w’ennyanja Victoria]] [[:en:Lake_Kyoga|n’ennyanja Kyoga,]]<nowiki/>mu maserengeta nga [[:en:Victoria_Nile|Victoria Nile]] ne kikulukuta mu ludda olw’obukiikakkono obw’awamu okutuuka mu nnyanja Kyoga. Ensibuko y’omugga Sezibwa esangibwa mu [[Buikwe (disitulikit)|Disitulikiti y’e Buikwe]],okuumpi n’ekibuga [[Ngogwe]],nga emiyungo gy'entabaganye:olulayini lwenkulungoggazi :0.2700; Obuwanvu:33.0050. Sezibwa eyingira mu nnyanja Kyoga mu [[Kayunga (disitulikit)|Disitulikiti y’e Kayunga]],okuumpi n’ekibuga [[Galilaya]], nga ekwatagana: olulayini lwenkulugoggazi:1.3700; Obuwanvu:32.8150. Obuwanvu [[:en:River_Sezibwa|bw’omugga Sezibwa]] buli nga 150 kilomita (93 mi) okuva ku nsibuko okutuuka ku kamwa.<ref>[http://distancecalculator.globefeed.com/Uganda_Distance_Result.asp?fromplace=Ngogwe%20(Mukono)&toplace=Galiraya%20(Nakasongola)&fromlat=0.2391667&tolat=1.3130556&fromlng=32.9708333&tolng=32.8675 Approximate Distance between Ngogwe and Galilaya with Map] </ref> Wakati w’ensibuko yaayo mu Disitulikiti y’e Buikwe, naye nga tennayingira mu Disitulikiti y’e Kayunga, omugga gukulukutila mu [[Mukono (disitulikit)|Disitulikiti y’e Mukono]] . Okusinziira ku lugero, [[:en:River|Omugga]] Ssezibwa si gwa butonde, wabula ezzadde ly’omukazi ow’olubuto ayitibwa Nakangu,eyawangaala ebikumi n’ebikumi by’emyaka egiyise era nga wa kkika kya Kibe (kibe). yali asuubirwa okuzaala abalongo,naye mu kifo ky’ekyo byeyayiwa okuva mu lubuto lwe byali migga gya balongo. Emyoyo gy’abaana ba Nakangu abataali mu lubuto - Ssezibwa ne Mubeeya giteeberezebwa okuziyiza emigga egy’abalongo olw’ensonga eno edda kyabanga kya mpisa [[Baganda|Omuganda]] yenna ayita ku nsibuko y’omugga e Namukono, nga kiromita nga 20 ewala ebuvanjuba, okusuula omuddo oguwera oba amayinja mu mugga okufuna omukisa.Ne leero, ssaddaaka ey’okwebaza [[:en:Barkcloth|ey’olugoye lw’o lubugo]],bbiya n’enkoko ekolebwa ku nsibuko y’omugga buli mwaka, ng’ebiseera ebisinga ekulemberwa Ssalongo (taata w’abalongo).<ref>{{Cite book |last=Briggs |first=Philip |year=2020 |title=Uganda: The Bradt Travel Guide |publisher=Bradt Travel Guides Ltd |isbn=9781784776428 |location=England |pages=180 |language=English}} </ref> [[File:Ssezibwa_Falls1.jpg|thumb|Ebiwonvu by'a ssezibwa]] == Ebiwonvu bya Sezibwa == [[File:Sezibwa_falls.jpg|alt=River Sezibwa|thumb|Omugga Sezibwa]] Ebiwonvu bya Sezibwa biri milo 20 (32 km), ebuvanjuba bwa [[Kampala]],ekibuga ekikulu ekya [[Yuganda|Uganda]],ku mabbali g'oluguudo lwa [[Kampala–Jinja Highway|Kampala-Jinja Highway]].Ekifo kino kya [[Buganda]] Heritage Site.Kiwandiikiddwako enjazi eziriko enjuyi ensongovu eziwanvuwa n’eddoboozi ery’ekitalo ery’amazzi agakkakkanya nga gakulukuta wansi ku mayinja agawanvu agaliko ebikondo. Ebiyiriro bino bisangibwa mu [[Mukono (disitulikit)|Disitulikiti y'e Mukono]] . Okusinziira ku nfumo z’ennono, emigga gino ebiri egyatuumibwa Ssezibwa ne muganda waayo Bwanda, gyazaalibwa omukazi ng’agenda e Kavuma Bukunja. Omukazi ono,Nakangu Tebateesa, bba gwe yali ayitibwa Nsubuga Ssebwaato,yazaala abalongo mu ngeri y’amazzi,Sezibwa n’ekulukuta n’egenda mu maserengeta,n’eyita mu biziyiza bingi weyaggya erinnya lyayo,ate Bwanda n’ekulukuta ebuvanjuba, ng’ayolekera [[Nyenga, Uganda|Nyenga]] . Abantu bangi bajja mu kifo kino okukola ebyamagero nga bwe balowooza nti ekifo kino kirina amaanyi agasukkulumye ku ga bulijjo. Ebiwonvu bino biri 7mita (23 fuuti) obuwanvu. [[:en:Rock_climbing|Okulinnya amayinja]] [[:en:Bird_watching|n’okulaba ebinyonyi]] bye bisinga okukolebwa mu kifo kino.[[:en:Geologist|Abakugu mu by’ettaka]] ne [[:en:Scientist|bannassaayansi]] abalala nabo batera okugenda mu kifo kino.Ne'bisolo by'omu nsiko mu kibira ekikyetoolodde mulimu [[:en:Monkey|enkima z'omu nsiko]],[[:en:Red-tailed_monkey|enkima ez'emikira emimyufu]] n'ebisolo ebirala [[:en:Primates|ebiyitibwa primates]] [[:en:Bird|n'ebinyonyi]] .<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110723145504/http://www.huntingconcepts.net/stories/the-hidden-tresure-of-uganda-s-sezibwa-falls The Hidden Treasures of Sezibwa Falls] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110723145504/http://www.huntingconcepts.net/stories/the-hidden-tresure-of-uganda-s-sezibwa-falls|date=2011-07-23}}</ref> == Laba ne == * [[Nnalubaale|Ennyanja Victoria]] * Ennyanja Kyoga * Victoria Nile * [[Kayunga]] == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Buganda]] fysnjgi0fdau2zod6a5e0a1mh71zj1o Eddie Wizzy 0 13077 48661 48136 2026-05-02T22:51:37Z 24RAY 11014 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1337548565|Eddie Wizzy]]" 48661 wikitext text/x-wiki '''<big>Matte Edgar</big>''' (yazaalibwa nga 4 Ogwekkumineebiri mu mwaka gwa1994), amanyiddwa nnyo n'erinnya lye ery'oku siteegi '''Eddie Wizzy''', [[:en:Uganda|Munnayuganda]], [[:en:Dancer|muzinyi]], [[:en:Artist|muyimbi]] era [[:en:Choreographer|omutendesi/musomesa w'amazina]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.sqoop.co.ug/201608/features/eddie-wizzy-is-dances-new-kid-on-the-block.html|title=Eddie Wizzy is dance's new kid on the block|date=26 June 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2 July 2016 |title=Meet Eddie Wizzy, the boneless dancer who is living off dancing. |url=https://bigeye.ug/meet-eddie-wizzy-the-boneless-dancer-who-is-living-off-dancing/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=28 November 2016 |title=Eddie Wizzy speaks out on his love life |url=https://bigeye.ug/eddie-wizzy-speaks-love-life/}}</ref> Yasunsulwa mu mpaka za Afrimma Awaadi eyo mwaka 2016 ne 2017 mu mutendera gw'omuzinyi asinga mu Afrika.<ref>{{cite web |date=27 July 2016 |title=Eddie Wizzy receives his AFRIMMA nomination certificate |url=https://bigeye.ug/eddie-wizzy-receives-nomination-certificate/}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=16 October 2016 |title=AFRIMMA Awards 2016: check full list of winners |url=https://www.camerounweb.com/CameroonHomePage/entertainment/AFRIMMA-Awards-2016-check-full-list-of-winners-391410}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=10 September 2017 |title=Full List of Winners at Afrimma Awards 2017 |url=https://www.pulselive.co.ke/entertainment/afrimma-awards-2017-full-list-of-winners-at-afrimma-awards-2017/rfrnh4l}}</ref> == Okusoma kwe == '''Eddie''' yasomera ku Jinja Army Primary School, Lubiri SSS, ne Mityana.<ref>{{Cite web |date=26 August 2019 |title=Eddie Wizzy is dance's new kid on the block |url=https://www.sqoop.co.ug/201608/features/eddie-wizzy-is-dances-new-kid-on-the-block.html}}</ref> == Omulimu gw’okuyimba == Wizzy yatandika nga [[:en:Choreographer|omusomesa w'amazina]] wa Eddy Kenzo mu mwaka gwa 2015, ng'azannya mu vidiyo z'ennyimba ez'enjawulo, okugeza nga "Be happy", "Viva Africa", "Free Style Dance", "Disco Disco" eya [[:en:Eddy_Kenzo|Eddy Kenzo]],<ref>{{cite web |date=28 June 2015 |title=Eddie Wizzy Dancing Free style by Eddy Kenzo |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OmPulhq197E |via=YouTube}}</ref> "By da way" eya Sheeba,<ref>{{cite web |date=26 January 2015 |title=Sheebah Karungi - By The Way (Official HD Video)( New Ugandan music 2015) |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vISh5l_ti6I |via=YouTube}}</ref> "Bukolomoni" eya Cindy,<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 February 2018 |title=Dancer Eddy Wizzy Excited Funs At Singer Fille's Concert |url=https://newslexpoint.com/wizzy-excited-funs-fille-concert/}}</ref> "Katonda wa Raggae" eya Ziza Bafana,<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 February 2020 |title=Eddie Wizzy in Ziza Bafana's Katonda Wa Ragga Dance Video, Watch it here |url=https://bigeye.ug/eddie-wizzy-in-ziza-bafanas-katonda-wa-ragga-dance-video-watch-it-here/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=26 March 2020 |title=Eddie Wizzy in new song "Obusomyo" with Ziza Bafana |url=https://bigeye.ug/eddie-wizzy-new-song-obusomyo-ziza-bafana/}}</ref> ne "Menya Egumba", nga mulimu Ykee Benda.<ref>{{Cite web |date=13 March 2017 |title=Eddie Wizzy in a new song with YKee Benda |url=https://bigeye.ug/eddie-wizzy-new-song-ykee-benda/ |accessdate=17 March 2017}}</ref> Wizzy yakwata oluyimba lwe olwasooka, "Dance Vs Rap", nga lulimu Feffe Bussi, mu mwaka gwa 2016. == Ennyimba ze == {| class="wikitable" |+Songs !Song title !Year |- |"Dance Vs Rap"<ref>{{Cite news|url= https://bigeye.ug/eddie-wizzy-and-feffe-bussi-release-dancevsrap-video/|title=Eddie Wizzy and Feffe Bussi release "DanceVsRap" video|date=13 February 2016}}</ref> |2016 |- |"Tabuka"<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://bigeye.ug/eddie-wizzy-shines-purple-party-jinja/|title=Eddie Wizzy shines at Purple Party in Jinja |date=2 May 2017}}</ref> |2017 |- |"Selfie Dance"<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://bigeye.ug/photos-eddie-wizzy-shoots-selfie-dance-video-featuring-maro-2/|title=Photos: Eddie Wizzy shoots "Selfie Dance" video featuring Maro |date=17 January 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://bigeye.ug/eddie-wizzy-releases-selfie-dance-video-watch/|title=Eddie Wizzy releases "Selfie Dance" video. Watch it here! |date=2 February 2017}}</ref> |2017 |- |"Menya Egumba" |2017 |- |"Kamitokosita" |2017 |- |"Ozina Bulungi" |2019 |- |"Tomala Budde" |2019 |- |"Sheshe (tujja tujja )" |2024 |- |"Fireworks" |2024 |- |"Subaru" |2024 |- {{End}} == Ebijuliziddwa == <references /> == Ebijuliziddwa wabweru wa wikipedia == * [http://chano8.com/dancer-eddy-wizzy-teases-fans-with-a-broken-leg-prank/ http://chano8.com/omuzinyi-eddy-wizzy-ajooga-abawagizi-n’okumenyeka-amagulu-prank/] * [https://bigeye.ug/eddie-wizzy-excites-revelers-filles-concert-powerful-performance/ https://bigeye.ug/eddie-wizzy-acamudde-abadigize-ajjuza-ekivvulu-okuyimba-amaanyi/] * [https://bigeye.ug/eddie-wizzy-delighted-getting-nod-afrimma-awards/ https://bigeye.ug/eddie-wizzy-asanyuse-okufuna-nod-afrimma engule/] * [https://bigeye.ug/eddie-wizzys-free-style-dance-video-goes-viral-gets-recognition-uk/ https://bigeye.ug/eddie-wizzys-free-style-dance-video-egenda-viral-afuna-okusiimibwa-uk/] * [https://bigeye.ug/video-big-talents-eddie-wizzy-talks-about-his-journey-as-a-dancer/ https://bigeye.ug/video-ebitone-ebinene-eddie-wizzy-ayogedde-ku-lugendo lwe-ng'omuzinyi/] * [https://www.ntv.co.ug/news/sparktvnews/Man-accuses-Eddy-Wizzy-of-kidnap/4522364-5435792-uohwpc/index.html https://www.ntv.co.ug/amawulire/sparktvnews/Omusajja-alumiriza-Eddy-Wizzy-okuwamba/4522364-5435792-uohwpc/index.html] * [https://thetowerpost.com/2017/10/13/ugandas-ghetto-kids-crowned-africas-best-dancers/ https://thetowerpost.com/2017/10/13/abaana-ba-ghetto-ba-ugandas-batikkiddwa-abazinyi-abasinga-afrika/] * [https://www.onetrain.africa/sheshe-tujja-tujja-by-eddie-wizy-dances-new-banger-alert-2024/ https://www.onetrain.africa/she-tujja-tujja-by-eddie-wizy-azina-abanger-okulabula-2024/] p6msprckuc8dmptcbs6b2zgm131rgv3 Nsikatila 0 13100 48641 48340 2026-05-02T12:02:27Z InternetArchiveBot 6271 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 48641 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nsikatila''' oluusi luwandiikibwa '''Nsikatira''', luyimba lwa mukwano olumanyiddwa ennyo mu nsi yonna olw'abayimbi ba Uganda [[:en:Undercover_Brothers_Ug|aba Undercover Brothers Ug]] . Lwafulumizibwa nga olwokubiri olwetongodde okuva mu lutambi lwabwe olwasooka olwa [[:en:Extended_play|EP]] alubamu eyasooka okufulumizibwa ey'amanyi, ''[[:en:At_Dawn_(Undercover_Brothers_Ug_album)|At Dawn]]'' mu December (2014) ne luddamu ne lufulumizibwa nga single esoose okuva mu lutambi lwabwe olwa 2016,ku lukalala lw'ennyimba ezakuba (Hitlist). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kaggwa |first=Andrew |title=Undercover Brothers determined to take on the big boys |url=http://www.observer.ug/lifestyle/42545-undercover-brothers-determined-to-take-on-the-big-boys |access-date=10 February 2016 |archive-date=12 February 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160212081541/http://www.observer.ug/lifestyle/42545-undercover-brothers-determined-to-take-on-the-big-boys |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ennyimba zino ezaawandiikibwa wamu Timothy Kirya ne Jay K Mulungi era nezifulumizibwa Jude Mugerwa, ebigambo ebirimu biraga omwagala ananagira n'ebigambo (nga CD emenyeddwa) buli lw’ayogera n’omwagalwa we. <ref>Sebamala, Douglas D. "Undercover Brothers grow with Nsikatila", ''[[:en:Daily_Monitor|Daily Monitor]]'', Kampala, 27 January 2016.</ref> Nsikatila mu mwezi gwekkuminebiri mu 2016 yasunsulwamu okuvuganya nga oluyimba lwa R&B olusinga obulungi mu mpaka za HiPipo Music Awards (HMA) 2017. <ref>{{Cite web |title=The 5 th Prestigious HiPipo Music Awards Nominations List |url=http://hma.hipipo.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Nominations-press-release-V5.pdf |access-date=9 December 2016 |website=Hipipo |archive-date=13 December 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161213040314/http://hma.hipipo.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Nominations-press-release-V5.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{cite news|title=Sheebah Karungi leads nominations at HiPipo Music Awards: Check out full list here!|url=http://bigeye.ug/sheebah-karungi-leads-nominations-at-hipipo-music-awards/|accessdate=9 December 2016|agency=Big Eye}}</ref> == Ebirukwatako == Nsikatila yawandiikibwa abayimbi Jay K Mulungi ne Timothy Kirya <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 January 2016 |title=UGANDA: Good Things Come To Those Who Wait! Undercover Brothers Release "Nsikatila" Video Teaser |url=http://mdundo.com/news/7144 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160214100739/http://mdundo.com/news/7144 |archive-date=14 February 2016 |website=Mdundo.com}}</ref> era nga nafulumizibwa Jude Mugerwa mu 2014. Oluyimba luno lwafulumizibwa ng’oluyimba olw’okusatu lwokka wansi wa alubamu y'ababiri bano olwasooka, [[:en:At_Dawn_(Undercover_Brothers_Ug_album)|At Dawn]] mu 2014 kyokka ne lusigala nga terumanyiddwa ku katale okutuusa we lwaddamu okufulumizibwa ng’oluyimba olusooka okuva mu Album yabwe oy'okubiri, olukalala lw'ennyimba (Hitlist), 2016, bwe lwafuna omukisa okuzannya mu mpewo. == Okuyiiya == Oluyimba lutandika ne akaddongo akakubibwa Jay K Mulungi ku acoustic guitar. Timothy Kirya ayimba olunyiriri olusooka ne chorus zonna ate Jay K. Mulungi ayimba olunyiriri olwokubiri, n’atandika n'okugatawo n’okuyambako mu mpolampola mu nga bayimba chorus. Oluyimba luno lulimu ebivuga eby’ekinnansi by’Afirika, [[:en:Mbira|piyano y'okukigaro ekisajja]] n’engooma [[:en:Djembe|ya Djembe]], ekigiwa ekifaananyi kya ‘ky'okuvuga mu nsi yonna’. Ebigambo by’oluyimba luno byawandiikibwa mu Luganda n’Olungereza. == Lisepusoni == Oluyimba luno lwakubibwa bulungi nnyo ku fm Leediyo ne social media mu Uganda. <ref>{{cite news|title=UGANDA: Undercover Brothers unveil amazing hit single "Nsikatila", it's awesome!|url=http://mdundo.com/news/6786|accessdate=6 January 2016|website=Mdundo.com}}</ref> Nsikatila yavugira ku leediyo ennene mu Uganda nelusikiriza ababiri bano okuyitibwa ku zi yintaviyu ku leediyo endala okwetoloola eggwanga. [[:en:Jackie_Lumbasi|Jackie Lumbasi]] owa [[:en:91.3_Capital_FM|91.3 Capital FM]] oluyimba luno yaluwa ekigalo bwe lwakubibwa ku siteegi. <ref>Lumbasi, Jackie. "Nsikatila on Your Choice", ''[[:en:91.3_Capital_FM|91.3 Capital FM]]'', Kampala, 31 January 2016.</ref> Douglas D. Sebamala owa [[:en:Daily_Monitor|Daily Monitor]] oluyimba luno yaluyita tune ya nostalgic ereka omuntu ng'ayayanira okubeerawo kw’omwagalwa we n’okubuusabuusa oba nabo bawulira kyekimu. <ref>Sebamala, Douglas. "Undercover Brothers grow with Nsikatila", ''[[Daily Monitor]]'', Kampala, 27 January 2016.</ref> Omukutu gwa Bigeye Entertainment gwayita Nsikatila oluyimba olulungi nga lulina obutonde obugonvu n’amaloboozi amalungi agasaanira ebiseera by’omukwano. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Music Review: Nsikatira by Undercover Brothers |url=http://bigeye.ug/music-review-nsikatira-by-under-cover-brothers/ |access-date=28 January 2016 |website=Bigeye Uganda}}</ref> == Engule == {| class="wikitable" width="60%" ! colspan="4" style="background: #FBFC8A;" |Engule |- style="background:#ccc; text-align:center;" ! Omwaka ! Ekirabo ! Olubu ! Alizaati |- | 2016 | Engule z'ennyimba za HiPipo | Oluyimba lwa R&B olusinga obulungi |{{nom}} |- |} == Okuyimba obutereevu ku siteegi == [[:en:Undercover_Brothers_Ug|Undercover Brothers Ug]] yayimba Nsikatila mu kivvulu kya [[:en:Milege_World_Music_Festival|Milege World Music Festival]] byombi mu 2014 ne 2015. Oluyimba luno era lwayimbibwa ne ku kutongoza olutambi lwabwe olwa [[:en:At_Dawn_2014|At Dawn]], ne lujjayo ba Undercover Brothers Ug mu 2014. Era lwayimbibwa mu [[:en:Nyege_Nyege|Pearl Rhythm Festival]], [[:en:Milege_World_Music_Festival|Milege World Music Festival]], KCCA Festival, [[:en:Nyege_Nyege|Nyege Nyege Festival]], [[:en:Nsikatila#Milege|Milege Acoustic Project]] <ref name="Monitor.co.ug">{{Cite web |title=Entertainment: Milege festival turns chilly Entebbe warm |url=http://www.monitor.co.ug/artsculture/Entertainment/Milege-festival-turns-chilly-Entebbe-warm/-/812796/2538806/-/9juo0m/-/index.html |access-date=29 November 2014}}</ref> ne ebivvulu ebirala bingi, Telefayina ezenjawulo ne Leediyos mu interviews. Enkyukakyuka mu luyimba luno oluusi eba terimu ddoboozi lya piyano gyebakubisa ekigalo oba (oluusi ekyusibwamu ne [[:en:Adungu|Adungu]] ), era mu budde obutuufu egaziyizibwa okuva ku nkomerero efudde okutuuka ku nkomerero y’entikko. == Olukalala lw’okulondoola n’ensengeka ==   == Ebbanja n’abakozi == * [[Undercover Brothers Ug|Timothy Kirya]] – [[:en:Vocalist|amaloboozi]], [[:en:Songwriting|omuwandiisi w’ennyimba]], [[:en:Djembe|Djembe drum]] * Jay K Mulungi – [[:en:Vocalist|amaloboozi]], [[:en:Songwriting|omuwandiisi w’ennyimba]], [[:en:Lead_guitar|Lead guitar]], [[:en:Backing_vocalist|background vocals]] * Jude Mugewa – [[:en:Sound_recording_and_reproduction|Okukwata amaloboozi n’okugazzaawo]] * Sam Nalangira – [[:en:Mbira|Piyano ey’engalo ensajja]] == Laba ne == * [[:en:Balikoowav|Balikooowa]] == Ebiwandiiko ebikozeseddwa == {{Reflist}} d07n41jzwv62pykqhk24fqf0k2h6ppe Mahmood Mamdani 0 13113 48664 48636 2026-05-03T08:53:10Z Charles Kalanzi 9748 Ntadewo omutwe 48664 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mahmood Mamdani''' [ a ] FBA (yazaalibwa 23 Ogwokuna 1946) munnayuganda [[:en:Anthropologist|omukugu mu by'enkula y'abantu]], munnaby'anjigiriza, era omukugu mu by'obufuzi. Ye Herbert Lehman Pulofeesa wa Gavumenti era pulofeesa w’ensonga z'ekikula ky'abantu, [[:en:Political_science|ssaayansi w’ebyobufuzi]], n’okunoonyereza [[:en:African_studies|ku nsoma y'Afirika]] mu [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]] . Era akola nga Ccansala wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda, era nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa ku Center for African Studis mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y'e Cape Town]] . Emabegako yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole kya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. Mamdani mukugu mu kusoma ebyobufuzi bya Afrika n’ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw’amatwale]] n’oluvannyuma [[:en:Postcolonialism|lw'obufuzi bw’amatwale]], n’ebyobufuzi [[:en:Knowledge_economy|by’ebyenfuna]] . Mufumbo nga mukazi we ye [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]] omuzannyi wa firimu . Ye ne Nair be bazadde ba [[:en:New_York_City_Mayor|Meeya w'ekibuga New York]] [[Zohran Mamdani]] . == Obuto bwe n’okusoma == Mahmood Mamdani yazaalibwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1946 mu [[:en:Bombay|kibuga Bombay]] (kati Mumbai), Buyindi, ng’ebula omwaka gumu [[:en:British_Raj|enfuga ya Bungereza]] ekome. <ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/education/news/mahmood-mamdani-education-and-career-path-how-zohran-mamdanis-father-built-a-legacy-of-revolution-through-ideas-and-exile/articleshow/122064130.cms "Mahmood Mamdani education and career path: How Zohran Mamdani's father built a legacy of revolution through ideas and exile"]. ''The Times of India''. 25 June 2025. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN&nbsp;]][https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-8257 0971-825]7. Retrieved 13 July 2025.</ref> <ref name="codesria">{{Cite web |title=Pr. Mahmood Mamdani (1998-2002) |url=https://codesria.org/pr-mahmood-mamdani-1998-2002/ |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> Yakulira mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=23 February 2021 |title=Mahmood Mamdani on Uganda |url=https://africasacountry.com/2011/04/mamdani-on-uganda |website=Africa is a Country}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Permanent Minorities and the Politics of Survivors: A conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://worldpeacefoundation.org/blog/permanent-minorities-and-the-politics-of-survivors-a-conversation-with-mahmood-mamdani/ |website=World Peace Foundation}}</ref> ng'omu ku [[:en:Indian_diaspora_in_Southeast_Africa|Bayindi ababundabunda mu bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba bwa Afrika]] . Bazadde be bombi, [[:en:Gujarati_Muslim|basiraamu Abagujarati]], baazaalibwa era ne bakulira mu kitundu kya Bungereza eky'amatwale ki [[:en:Tanganyika_Territory|Tanganyika]] (leero Tanzania). Abafumbo bano baagenda e Bombay olwo kitaawe n’asomerayo mu ttendekero ekkulu. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Chen |first=Kuan-Hsing |last2=Gao |first2=Shiming |last3=Tang |first3=Xiaolin |date=2016 |title=The formation of an African intellectual: an interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |journal=Inter-Asia Cultural Studies |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=456–480 |doi=10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref>Muhoozi, Mourice (6 March 2022). [https://www.watchdoguganda.com/news/20220306/131449/meet-ugandas-most-iconic-academician-prof-mahmood-mamdani.html "Meet Uganda's most Iconic academician, Prof. Mahmood Mamdani"]. ''Watchdog Uganda''</ref> Famire yaddayo e [[:en:Dar_es_Salaam|Dar es Salaam]], Tanganyika, nga Mamdani wa myaka ebiri, ne bagenda e Uganda nga wa myaka etaano oba mukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Mu kiseera ekyo, Uganda yali yayawulwamu okusinziira ku mawanga, omuli abantu gye babeera, amasomero, emizikiti, n’ebifo abaana we bazannyira. Okusoma kwe mu pulayimale, Mamdani yasooka kugenda mu [[:en:Madrasa|madarasa]], n’oluvannyuma mu Government Indian Primary School. <ref name=":8"/> Yakula ng'ayogera [[:en:Gujarati_language|Olugujarati]], [[:en:Urdu|Oluurdu]] [[:en:Swahili_language|n'Oluswayiri]] . Yatandika okusoma Olungereza mu kibiina eky’omukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Oluvannyuma lw’okusoma siniya ey’awansi, yasomera ku Old Kampala Senior Secondary School, gye yali omuwandiisi w’ekibiina kya Do-it-Yourself Physics. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uganda: Buganda And Uganda At Crossroads |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090826030635/http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |archive-date=26 August 2009 |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=AllAfrica}}</ref> Mamdani yali omu ku bayizi Bannayuganda 23 abaali mu kibiina kya [[:en:The_Kennedy_Airlift|Kennedy Airlift]] mu 1963, enteekateeka ya sikaala eyaweebwa ssente okuva mu Amerika eyaleetera ebikumi n’ebikumi by'abayizi okuva mu [[:en:East_Africa|Buvanjuba bwa Afrika]] okusomera ku yunivasite mu Amerika ne Canada wakati wa 1959 ne 1963. <ref name="indian tele">{{Cite web |last=Sen |first=Manjula |date=25 January 2009 |title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |archive-date=2 February 2009 |access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref> Mamdani yatikkirwa diguli ya Bachelor of Arts okuva mu [[:en:University_of_Pittsburgh|Yunivasite y’e Pittsburgh]] <ref name="codesria"/> mu 1967. <ref>{{Cite book |date=1 January 2010 |title=International Encyclopedia of Civil Society |url=https://link.springer.com/referencework/10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |vauthors=((Anheier, H. K.)), ((Toepler, S.)) |publisher=Springer US |isbn=978-0-387-93994-0 |editor-last=Anheier |editor-first=Helmut K. |doi=10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |editor-last2=Toepler |editor-first2=Stefan}}</ref> Yali omu ku bayizi abangi mu bukiikakkono bwa Amerika abaali mu lugendo lwa bbaasi mu bukiikaddyo okutuuka e [[:en:Montgomery,_Alabama|Montgomery, Alabama]], olwategekebwa [[:en:Student_Nonviolent_Coordinating_Committee|akakiiko akakwasaganya abayizi abatali ba ffujjo]] mu Gwokusatu 1965 okwetaba mu kaweefube w'okulwanirira [[:en:Civil_rights_movement|eddembe ly’obuntu]] . Kino kyaliwo mu kiseera ky’okutambula okuva e [[:en:Selma_to_Montgomery_marches|Selma okutuuka e Montgomery]], naye nga kyo kya njawulo. Yasibibwa mu kkomera mu kutambula kuno era n’akkirizibwa okukuba essimu. Mamdani yakubira [[:en:Embassy_of_Uganda,_Washington,_D.C.|omubaka wa Uganda]] e [[:en:Washington,_DC|Washington, DC]], amuyambe. Omubaka yamubuuza lwaki "ayingirira ensonga z'omunda mu nsi engwira", n'amuddamu nti teyali nsonga ya munda wabula olutalo lw'eddembe era nti nabo eddembe lyabwe baali bakalifuna omwaka ogwakaggwa. <ref name="pambazuka">{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=28 April 2007 |title=The Asian question again: A reflection |url=http://www.pambazuka.org/en/category/comment/41273 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]] (Uganda) |via=pambazuka.org}}</ref> Amangu ddala nga wayiseewo akaseera katono, Mamdani yategeera ku mulimu gwa [[:en:Karl_Marx|Karl Marx]] okuva mu kukyala kwe ku FBI. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Shringarpure |first=Bhakti |author-link=Bhakti Shringarpure |date=15 July 2013 |title=In Conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.warscapes.com/conversations/conversation-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=6 November 2017 |website=Warscapes |language=en |quote=I thought the guy Marx had just died. […] So that was my introduction to Karl Marx.}}</ref> Yasomera ku [[:en:Fletcher_School_of_Law_and_Diplomacy|Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy]] mu [[:en:Tufts_University|Yunivasite ya Tufts]] era mu 1968 yatikkirwa diguli ya Master of Arts mu [[:en:Political_science|byobufuzi]] ne Master of Arts mu mateeka ne diplomacy mu 1969. Yafuna diguli ye [[:en:Doctor_of_philosophy|eyookusatu]] mu gavumenti okuva mu [[:en:Harvard_University|Yunivasite y'e Harvard]] mu 1974, wansi w’obulagirizi bwa [[:en:Karl_Deutsch|Karl Deutsch]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and class formation in Uganda |url=http://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=978-0-85345-378-9 |location=New York |via=Internet Archive}}</ref> Omulamwa kw'eyatambuliza ddiguli ye eyookusatu yagiwa omutwe "''Politics and Class Formation in Uganda."'' <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and Class Formation in Uganda |url=https://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=0-85345-378-0 |location=New York |oclc=2073894 |url-access=registration}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Allen |first=Judith Van |last2=Mamdani |first2=Mahmood |last3=Shivji |first3=Issa G. |date=November 1977 |title=Reviewed Works: Politics and Class Formation in Uganda. by Mahmood Mamdani; Class Struggles in Tanzania. by Issa G. Shivji |journal=Contemporary Sociology |publisher=American Sociological Association |volume=6 |issue=6 |pages=702 |doi=10.2307/2066367 |issn=0094-3061 |eissn=1939-8638 |jstor=2066367}}</ref> == Emirimu gye == Mamdani yakomawo mu Uganda ku ntandikwa ya 1972 era naweebwa omulimu ku [[Makerere University, Uganda|yunivasite y'e Makerere]] mu Kampala [[:en:Teaching_assistant|ng'ayambako omusomesa]], mu kiseera kye kimu yali akola ku kunoonyereza kwe okwa ddiguli eyookusatu. . Ye n’Abaasia abasinga obungi [[:en:Expulsion_of_Asians_from_Uganda|baagobebwa]] mu Uganda ku nkomerero y’omwaka ogwo [[Idi Amin]] olw’amawanga gaabwe; Amin yali agenderera "kuzzaawo" bizinensi n'ebintu. Mamdani yava mu Uganda n’agenda mu nkambi y’ababundabunda mu Bungereza ku ntandikwa y'omwezi Gwekkuminoogumu. <ref name="lrb2022">{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2022-10-06 |title=The Asian Question |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v44/n19/mahmood-mamdani/the-asian-question |journal=[[London Review of Books]] |language=en |volume=44 |issue=19 |issn=0260-9592 |access-date=2025-09-08}}</ref> Yava e Bungereza mu makkati ga 1973 oluvannyuma lw’okuyingizibwa mu [[:en:University_of_Dar_es_Salaam|Yunivasite y’e Dar es Salaam]] mu Tanzania. <ref name="pambazuka"/> <ref name="cas2018">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> <ref name="bio2">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> Mu Dar es Salaam, yamaliriza okuwandiika dissertation ye. Yali mujjumbize nnyo n’ebibiina ebiwakanya Amin. Mu 1979, yeetaba mu Ttabamiruka w’e Moshi ng’omutunuulizi. Yaddayo mu Uganda oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa ku bukulembeze oluvannyuma lw'olutalo lwa [[Olutalo lwa Uganda ne Tanzania|Uganda ne Tanzania]] mu 1979. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McCormack |first=Pete |date=17 October 2005 |title=Interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.petemccormack.com/interview_mamdani_001.htm |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=petemccormack.com}}</ref> <ref name="bio2" /> Mu kiseera kino, yakozesebwa ng'omutendeke mu kibiina kya [[:en:All_Africa_Conference_of_Churches|All Africa Conference of Churches]], omukago [[:en:Ecumenical_Christian|gw'Abakristaayo ogw'ensi yonna]] ogusangibwa e [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, ng'akolera mu ofiisi [[:en:Church_of_Uganda|y'Ekkanisa ya Uganda]] mu Kampala. <ref name="lrb2022"/> Okuva mu 1980 (oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa mu ntebe mu 1979) okutuuka mu 1993 yaddamu okukolera yunivasite y’e Makerere. <ref name="bio2"/> <ref name="lrb2022"/>​[[Milton Obote|​]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kagolo |first=Francis |date=8 February 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani to be honoured among Africa's best |url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/628869-prof-mamdani-to-be-honoured-among-africa-s-best.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]]}}</ref> Yaddayo e Dar es Salaam. Oluvannyuma lwa Obote okugobwa mu ntebe omulundi ogwokubiri, Mamdani yaddamu okudda mu Uganda mu Gwomukaaga 1986. <ref name="indian tele"/> Yali dayirekita eyatandikawo ekitongole kya Centre for Basic Research (CBR), ekitongole kya Uganda ekitali kya gavumenti ekyasooka mu kunoonyereza, mwe yaweereza okuva mu 1987 okutuuka mu 1996. <ref name="diaspora">{{Cite web |date=29 November 2012 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012 |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=ugandandiaspora.com}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> <ref name="csds">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Yaliko pulofeesa omugenyi ku [[:en:University_of_Durban-Westville|Yunivasite y’e Durban]] - [[:en:Westville,_KwaZulu-Natal|Westville]] mu South Africa (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka mu Gwomukaaga 1993), ku [[:en:Nehru_Memorial_Museum_&_Library|Nehru Memorial Museum & Library]] e New Delhi (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka Gwomukaaga 1995), ne mu [[:en:Princeton_University|Yunivasite y'e Princeton]] (1995–96). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vance |first=Dara |date=2015-11-20 |title=UK Committee on Social Theory Hosts Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://uknow.uky.edu/uk-happenings/uk-committee-social-theory-hosts-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=UKNow}}</ref> Mu 1996, yalondebwa okubeera omukulembeze w’entebe ya [[:en:Archibald_Campbell_Jordan|AC Jordan]] ey'ensoma y'Afirika mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y’e Cape Town]], <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 March 2011 |title=UCT in war over 'bantu education' |url=http://mg.co.za/article/2011-03-11-uct-in-war-over-bantu-education |access-date=22 March 2013}}</ref> era ku ntandikwa ya 1997 n’afuuka akulira [[:en:Centre_for_African_Studies|ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku by'ensoma y'Afirika]] (CAS). <ref name="uwn2018">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> Yavaawo oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obutakkaanya n'abasomesa (abasinga obungi abazungu) ku bbago ly'ensoma ye ey'omusomo ogw'omusingi ku Afrika oguyitibwa "Problematising Africa". <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=June 1, 1998 |title=Is African studies to be turned into a new home for Bantu education at UCT? |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/02533959808458649 |journal=Social Dynamics |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=63–75 |doi=10.1080/02533959808458649 |issn=0253-3952 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> Mamdani, eyalaga nti ensoma eriwo eya " [[:en:Bantu_Education_Act,_1953|Bantu studies]] " (mu kujjuliza ku kusomesa Abaddugavu wansi w'enfuga [[:en:Apartheid|y'obusosoze]] ) <ref name="cas2018" /> yayimirizibwa era okukkakkana ng'alekulidde. <ref name="davis2017">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> "Ensonga ya Mamdani" ekyayogerwako mu kukubaganya ebirowoozo ku [[:en:Decolonization_of_higher_education_in_South_Africa|kununula amatendekero aga waggulu okuva mu nsoma y'abamatwale]] . Oluvannyuma yagamba nti teyalina busungu ku muntu yenna, era yalina enkolagana ennungi ekiseera kye yamalayo. Yagamba nti obutakwatagana bwali ku njawulo mu ndowooza n'addala ensengeka y’ensoma ku bikwata ku kusoma South Africa ng’ensi ya Afrika. Oluvannyuma (2018) yakomezebwawo nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa asuutibwa. [ b ] <ref name="uwn2018" /> Mu 1999, Mamdani yalondebwa okuba dayirekita w’ekitongole ekikola ku by’okunoonyereza ku Afirika mu yunivasite ya Columbia, ekifo kye yalina okutuusa mu 2004. <ref name="uwn2018"/> Okuva olwo abadde asomesa eyo (nga 2025). <ref name="haag2025">{{Cite web |last=Haag |first=Matthew |last2=Goldberg |first2=Emma |date=27 June 2025 |title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |archive-date=7 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku mbeera z’abantu ekya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=18 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University]] |archive-date=2 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002055113/http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Agaba |first=John |title=Mamdani talks about his research legacy and work at Makerere |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20220329112608625 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="bio2"/> Okutuuka mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2025 [[:en:Columbia_University#Academics|pulofeesa wa Herbert Lehman mu Gavumenti]] era pulofeesa ku nkula y'abantu, okusoma saayansi w'ebyobufuzi [[:en:African_studies|n'okusoma ku Afirika]] ku [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]].<ref name="bio2" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Faculty Bio: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/anthropology/fac-bios/mamdani/faculty.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Era akola nga chancellor wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://kiu.ac.ug/news-page.php?i=press-release-kampala-international-university-kiu-appoints-prof-mahmood-mamdani-as-chancellor |access-date=24 August 2020 |publisher=[[Kampala International University]]}}</ref> == Okunoonyereza n'okuwandiika == Mamdani yeemalira mu kunoonyereza ku byobufuzi bya Afirika n'eby'ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw'amatwale]] [[:en:Postcolonialism|n'oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale]], n'ebyobufuzi by'ebyenfuna. Ebitabo bye byekenneenya enkolagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'ebyobuwangwa, okugeraageranya [[:en:Colonialism|okufugibwa kw'amatwale]] okuva mu 1452, ebyafaayo by'entalo z'omunda [[:en:Genocide|n'ekitta bantu]] mu Afirika, [[:en:Cold_War|Olutalo olw'Ensi Yonna olw'ebigambo]] [[:en:War_on_terror|n'olutalo ku butujju]], n'ebyafaayo by'eddembe ly'obuntu.<ref>vSneh, Itai Nartzizenfield (2008). [https://books.google.com/books?id=iax4AAAAMAAJ ''The Future Almost Arrived: How Jimmy Carter Failed to Change U.S. Foreign Policy''.] [[:en:Peter_Lang_(publishing_company)|Peter Lang]]. p. 169. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780820481852|9780820481852]]</bdi>.</ref> Okunoonyereza kwe okw'omwaka 2016 kwatandikira ku kitabo kye eky'omwaka 1996, [[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]. <ref>[http://polisci.columbia.edu/people/profile/96 "Mahmood Mamdani | Department of Political Science"]. ''polisci.columbia.edu''. Retrieved 21 January 2016.</ref>Mu kitabo ekyo, yagamba nti eggwanga eryafugibwa terisobola kutegeerwa nga tewekenenyeza bulungi eggwanga eryalifuga.Enkola y'obufuzi bw'amatwale mu Afirika yali eddamu okusoomoozebwa kw'ekibuuzo "ekikulu", era yagamba nti yafuuka "amawanga agaabuluziddwamu".<ref name=":0">Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. pp. 15–16. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|<bdi>9780852553992</bdi>.]]</ref>Kino kyali kikolebwa mu ngeri bbiri: ku ludda olumu nga bafuga butereevu, nga kino kyali kikolwa kya "buyinza" era nga kyali kigenderera okuggya abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo ku ddembe ly'obuntu eryali liweebwa abatuuze mu bitundu ebirala, ate ku ludda olulala nga bafuga mu ngeri etali y'abuteerevu, nga kino kyali kikolebwa mu byalo era nga kizingiramu okuyingiza "bannansi" mu "mateeka g'eggwanga" agaateekebwawo ab'obuyinza mu byalo, era nga kino yakiyita "obwannakyemalira obw'okugabanya obuyinza".<ref name=":0" /> Embeera eno yali "yakusika muguwa" era ng'erimu "engeri bbiri ez'obuyinza wansi w'obuyinza obumu".<ref name=":0" /> Oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale, ebibuga byali tebikyayawulamu bantu lwa langi naye ebyalo byali bikyafugibwa abakulembeze abaali mu nkwawa z'abafuzi b'amatwale, ka babe abakulembeze ab'ennono oba b'ebali bakwasizzaobuyinza nga balina ebiruubirirwa by'okufugisa omukono ogw'ekyuma.<ref>Clapham, Chris (1997). "Review: Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism by Mahmood Mamdani'". ''Royal Institute of International Affairs''. '''73''': 606.</ref>Mu ngeri eno obukulembeze bwonna bwaleeta enjawukana mu mawnga era n'ekutondawo obukulembeze bwabwe obw'enjawulo obwannakyemalira.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref> Mamdani yekennenya ebyafaayo mu South Africa ne Uganda okulaga nti obufuzi bw'amatwale bwakozesa obuyinza obuyitiridde era obuyinza obwo bweyongera okubaawo oluvannyuma lw'ameefuga.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. p. 37. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref>Ng’asomooza endowooza eza bulijjo ku busosoze mu South Afrika nga ez’enjawulo, agamba nti [[:en:Apartheid|obusosoze mu mawanga]] bwali ngeri ya bulijjo ey’ettwale lya Bulaaya mu Africa, nga lizingiramu ensonga [[:en:Indirect_rule|z’obufuzi obutali butereevu]] n’okukwatagana<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1 January 1996 |title=Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism |isbn=9780852553992 |pages=16–18}}</ref> Mu kitabo kye ekyafulumizibwa mu 2004 ekya ''Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: America, the Cold War, and the Roots of Terror'' Mamdani yagamba nti [[:en:Suicide_attack|abeetuze]] balina okumanyibwa "ng'ekika ky'omujaasi" era nti balina "okutegeerwa mu ngeri y'effujjo ly'ebyobufuzi ery'omulembe guno okusinga okuvumwavumwa ng'akabonero k'obukambwe". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bickerton |first=James |date=2025-07-11 |title=Zohran Mamdani's father's remark about suicide bombers comes under scrutiny |url=https://www.newsweek.com/zohran-mamdani-father-remark-about-suicide-bombers-comes-under-scrutiny-2097793 |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref> Omuyivu omu yagamba nti kino si kuwagira kwettisa bbomu wabula kwekenneenya okwanenya '"okusalawo kwa Amerika ku nkola y'ensonga z'ebweru naddala mu kiseera ky'olutalo olw'ebigambo", okutondawo embeera [[:en:Islamic_extremism|y'Obusiraamu obw'annalukalala]] [[:en:Political_violence|n'effujjo mu byobufuzi]] " mwe byakulaakulanira. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Murray |first=Conor |date=Jul 11, 2025 |title=Mahmood Mamdani's Work Does Not Advocate Violence, Expert Says |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/conormurray/2025/07/11/sequoias-maguire-unfairly-targets-zohran-mamdanis-father-fellow-academic-says/ |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko bye bifulumiddde mu ''[[:en:London_Review_of_Books|London Review of Books]]'' n'ekampuni ezifulumya ebitabo ebirala.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/contributors/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=London Review of Books |language=en-GB}}</ref> Okusinziira ku CAS, ebiwandiiko bya Mamdani "bibadde bikulu mu kusomebwa abayizi abali ku misomo gyabwe egya undergraduate ne Postgraduate ku UCT ssaako n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo ku nsoma y'ebyafaayo n'ebyobufuzi bya Afirika , nga banonyereza ku nkwatagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'obuwangwa, okugerageranya obufuzi bw'amatwale, entalo ez'omunda mu ggwanga n'ekittabantu mu Afirika".<ref name="uwn20182">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> == Emirimu gye emirala == == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] b6ler4wlrajzgag3txcxcp404mr8rnz 48665 48664 2026-05-03T08:54:30Z Charles Kalanzi 9748 48665 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mahmood Mamdani''' [ a ] FBA (yazaalibwa 23 Ogwokuna 1946) munnayuganda [[:en:Anthropologist|omukugu mu by'enkula y'abantu]], munnaby'anjigiriza, era omukugu mu by'obufuzi. Ye Herbert Lehman Pulofeesa wa Gavumenti era pulofeesa w’ensonga z'ekikula ky'abantu, [[:en:Political_science|ssaayansi w’ebyobufuzi]], n’okunoonyereza [[:en:African_studies|ku nsoma y'Afirika]] mu [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]] . Era akola nga Ccansala wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda, era nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa ku Center for African Studis mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y'e Cape Town]] . Emabegako yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole kya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. Mamdani mukugu mu kusoma ebyobufuzi bya Afrika n’ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw’amatwale]] n’oluvannyuma [[:en:Postcolonialism|lw'obufuzi bw’amatwale]], n’ebyobufuzi [[:en:Knowledge_economy|by’ebyenfuna]] . Mufumbo nga mukazi we ye [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]] omuzannyi wa firimu . Ye ne Nair be bazadde ba [[:en:New_York_City_Mayor|Meeya w'ekibuga New York]] [[Zohran Mamdani]] . == Obuto bwe n’okusoma == Mahmood Mamdani yazaalibwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1946 mu [[:en:Bombay|kibuga Bombay]] (kati Mumbai), Buyindi, ng’ebula omwaka gumu [[:en:British_Raj|enfuga ya Bungereza]] ekome. <ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/education/news/mahmood-mamdani-education-and-career-path-how-zohran-mamdanis-father-built-a-legacy-of-revolution-through-ideas-and-exile/articleshow/122064130.cms "Mahmood Mamdani education and career path: How Zohran Mamdani's father built a legacy of revolution through ideas and exile"]. ''The Times of India''. 25 June 2025. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN&nbsp;]][https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-8257 0971-825]7. Retrieved 13 July 2025.</ref> <ref name="codesria">{{Cite web |title=Pr. Mahmood Mamdani (1998-2002) |url=https://codesria.org/pr-mahmood-mamdani-1998-2002/ |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> Yakulira mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=23 February 2021 |title=Mahmood Mamdani on Uganda |url=https://africasacountry.com/2011/04/mamdani-on-uganda |website=Africa is a Country}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Permanent Minorities and the Politics of Survivors: A conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://worldpeacefoundation.org/blog/permanent-minorities-and-the-politics-of-survivors-a-conversation-with-mahmood-mamdani/ |website=World Peace Foundation}}</ref> ng'omu ku [[:en:Indian_diaspora_in_Southeast_Africa|Bayindi ababundabunda mu bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba bwa Afrika]] . Bazadde be bombi, [[:en:Gujarati_Muslim|basiraamu Abagujarati]], baazaalibwa era ne bakulira mu kitundu kya Bungereza eky'amatwale ki [[:en:Tanganyika_Territory|Tanganyika]] (leero Tanzania). Abafumbo bano baagenda e Bombay olwo kitaawe n’asomerayo mu ttendekero ekkulu. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Chen |first=Kuan-Hsing |last2=Gao |first2=Shiming |last3=Tang |first3=Xiaolin |date=2016 |title=The formation of an African intellectual: an interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |journal=Inter-Asia Cultural Studies |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=456–480 |doi=10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref>Muhoozi, Mourice (6 March 2022). [https://www.watchdoguganda.com/news/20220306/131449/meet-ugandas-most-iconic-academician-prof-mahmood-mamdani.html "Meet Uganda's most Iconic academician, Prof. Mahmood Mamdani"]. ''Watchdog Uganda''</ref> Famire yaddayo e [[:en:Dar_es_Salaam|Dar es Salaam]], Tanganyika, nga Mamdani wa myaka ebiri, ne bagenda e Uganda nga wa myaka etaano oba mukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Mu kiseera ekyo, Uganda yali yayawulwamu okusinziira ku mawanga, omuli abantu gye babeera, amasomero, emizikiti, n’ebifo abaana we bazannyira. Okusoma kwe mu pulayimale, Mamdani yasooka kugenda mu [[:en:Madrasa|madarasa]], n’oluvannyuma mu Government Indian Primary School. <ref name=":8"/> Yakula ng'ayogera [[:en:Gujarati_language|Olugujarati]], [[:en:Urdu|Oluurdu]] [[:en:Swahili_language|n'Oluswayiri]] . Yatandika okusoma Olungereza mu kibiina eky’omukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Oluvannyuma lw’okusoma siniya ey’awansi, yasomera ku Old Kampala Senior Secondary School, gye yali omuwandiisi w’ekibiina kya Do-it-Yourself Physics. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uganda: Buganda And Uganda At Crossroads |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090826030635/http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |archive-date=26 August 2009 |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=AllAfrica}}</ref> Mamdani yali omu ku bayizi Bannayuganda 23 abaali mu kibiina kya [[:en:The_Kennedy_Airlift|Kennedy Airlift]] mu 1963, enteekateeka ya sikaala eyaweebwa ssente okuva mu Amerika eyaleetera ebikumi n’ebikumi by'abayizi okuva mu [[:en:East_Africa|Buvanjuba bwa Afrika]] okusomera ku yunivasite mu Amerika ne Canada wakati wa 1959 ne 1963. <ref name="indian tele">{{Cite web |last=Sen |first=Manjula |date=25 January 2009 |title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |archive-date=2 February 2009 |access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref> Mamdani yatikkirwa diguli ya Bachelor of Arts okuva mu [[:en:University_of_Pittsburgh|Yunivasite y’e Pittsburgh]] <ref name="codesria"/> mu 1967. <ref>{{Cite book |date=1 January 2010 |title=International Encyclopedia of Civil Society |url=https://link.springer.com/referencework/10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |vauthors=((Anheier, H. K.)), ((Toepler, S.)) |publisher=Springer US |isbn=978-0-387-93994-0 |editor-last=Anheier |editor-first=Helmut K. |doi=10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |editor-last2=Toepler |editor-first2=Stefan}}</ref> Yali omu ku bayizi abangi mu bukiikakkono bwa Amerika abaali mu lugendo lwa bbaasi mu bukiikaddyo okutuuka e [[:en:Montgomery,_Alabama|Montgomery, Alabama]], olwategekebwa [[:en:Student_Nonviolent_Coordinating_Committee|akakiiko akakwasaganya abayizi abatali ba ffujjo]] mu Gwokusatu 1965 okwetaba mu kaweefube w'okulwanirira [[:en:Civil_rights_movement|eddembe ly’obuntu]] . Kino kyaliwo mu kiseera ky’okutambula okuva e [[:en:Selma_to_Montgomery_marches|Selma okutuuka e Montgomery]], naye nga kyo kya njawulo. Yasibibwa mu kkomera mu kutambula kuno era n’akkirizibwa okukuba essimu. Mamdani yakubira [[:en:Embassy_of_Uganda,_Washington,_D.C.|omubaka wa Uganda]] e [[:en:Washington,_DC|Washington, DC]], amuyambe. Omubaka yamubuuza lwaki "ayingirira ensonga z'omunda mu nsi engwira", n'amuddamu nti teyali nsonga ya munda wabula olutalo lw'eddembe era nti nabo eddembe lyabwe baali bakalifuna omwaka ogwakaggwa. <ref name="pambazuka">{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=28 April 2007 |title=The Asian question again: A reflection |url=http://www.pambazuka.org/en/category/comment/41273 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]] (Uganda) |via=pambazuka.org}}</ref> Amangu ddala nga wayiseewo akaseera katono, Mamdani yategeera ku mulimu gwa [[:en:Karl_Marx|Karl Marx]] okuva mu kukyala kwe ku FBI. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Shringarpure |first=Bhakti |author-link=Bhakti Shringarpure |date=15 July 2013 |title=In Conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.warscapes.com/conversations/conversation-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=6 November 2017 |website=Warscapes |language=en |quote=I thought the guy Marx had just died. […] So that was my introduction to Karl Marx.}}</ref> Yasomera ku [[:en:Fletcher_School_of_Law_and_Diplomacy|Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy]] mu [[:en:Tufts_University|Yunivasite ya Tufts]] era mu 1968 yatikkirwa diguli ya Master of Arts mu [[:en:Political_science|byobufuzi]] ne Master of Arts mu mateeka ne diplomacy mu 1969. Yafuna diguli ye [[:en:Doctor_of_philosophy|eyookusatu]] mu gavumenti okuva mu [[:en:Harvard_University|Yunivasite y'e Harvard]] mu 1974, wansi w’obulagirizi bwa [[:en:Karl_Deutsch|Karl Deutsch]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and class formation in Uganda |url=http://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=978-0-85345-378-9 |location=New York |via=Internet Archive}}</ref> Omulamwa kw'eyatambuliza ddiguli ye eyookusatu yagiwa omutwe "''Politics and Class Formation in Uganda."'' <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and Class Formation in Uganda |url=https://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=0-85345-378-0 |location=New York |oclc=2073894 |url-access=registration}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Allen |first=Judith Van |last2=Mamdani |first2=Mahmood |last3=Shivji |first3=Issa G. |date=November 1977 |title=Reviewed Works: Politics and Class Formation in Uganda. by Mahmood Mamdani; Class Struggles in Tanzania. by Issa G. Shivji |journal=Contemporary Sociology |publisher=American Sociological Association |volume=6 |issue=6 |pages=702 |doi=10.2307/2066367 |issn=0094-3061 |eissn=1939-8638 |jstor=2066367}}</ref> == Emirimu gye == Mamdani yakomawo mu Uganda ku ntandikwa ya 1972 era naweebwa omulimu ku [[Makerere University, Uganda|yunivasite y'e Makerere]] mu Kampala [[:en:Teaching_assistant|ng'ayambako omusomesa]], mu kiseera kye kimu yali akola ku kunoonyereza kwe okwa ddiguli eyookusatu. . Ye n’Abaasia abasinga obungi [[:en:Expulsion_of_Asians_from_Uganda|baagobebwa]] mu Uganda ku nkomerero y’omwaka ogwo [[Idi Amin]] olw’amawanga gaabwe; Amin yali agenderera "kuzzaawo" bizinensi n'ebintu. Mamdani yava mu Uganda n’agenda mu nkambi y’ababundabunda mu Bungereza ku ntandikwa y'omwezi Gwekkuminoogumu. <ref name="lrb2022">{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2022-10-06 |title=The Asian Question |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v44/n19/mahmood-mamdani/the-asian-question |journal=[[London Review of Books]] |language=en |volume=44 |issue=19 |issn=0260-9592 |access-date=2025-09-08}}</ref> Yava e Bungereza mu makkati ga 1973 oluvannyuma lw’okuyingizibwa mu [[:en:University_of_Dar_es_Salaam|Yunivasite y’e Dar es Salaam]] mu Tanzania. <ref name="pambazuka"/> <ref name="cas2018">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> <ref name="bio2">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> Mu Dar es Salaam, yamaliriza okuwandiika dissertation ye. Yali mujjumbize nnyo n’ebibiina ebiwakanya Amin. Mu 1979, yeetaba mu Ttabamiruka w’e Moshi ng’omutunuulizi. Yaddayo mu Uganda oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa ku bukulembeze oluvannyuma lw'olutalo lwa [[Olutalo lwa Uganda ne Tanzania|Uganda ne Tanzania]] mu 1979. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McCormack |first=Pete |date=17 October 2005 |title=Interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.petemccormack.com/interview_mamdani_001.htm |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=petemccormack.com}}</ref> <ref name="bio2" /> Mu kiseera kino, yakozesebwa ng'omutendeke mu kibiina kya [[:en:All_Africa_Conference_of_Churches|All Africa Conference of Churches]], omukago [[:en:Ecumenical_Christian|gw'Abakristaayo ogw'ensi yonna]] ogusangibwa e [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, ng'akolera mu ofiisi [[:en:Church_of_Uganda|y'Ekkanisa ya Uganda]] mu Kampala. <ref name="lrb2022"/> Okuva mu 1980 (oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa mu ntebe mu 1979) okutuuka mu 1993 yaddamu okukolera yunivasite y’e Makerere. <ref name="bio2"/> <ref name="lrb2022"/>​[[Milton Obote|​]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kagolo |first=Francis |date=8 February 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani to be honoured among Africa's best |url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/628869-prof-mamdani-to-be-honoured-among-africa-s-best.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]]}}</ref> Yaddayo e Dar es Salaam. Oluvannyuma lwa Obote okugobwa mu ntebe omulundi ogwokubiri, Mamdani yaddamu okudda mu Uganda mu Gwomukaaga 1986. <ref name="indian tele"/> Yali dayirekita eyatandikawo ekitongole kya Centre for Basic Research (CBR), ekitongole kya Uganda ekitali kya gavumenti ekyasooka mu kunoonyereza, mwe yaweereza okuva mu 1987 okutuuka mu 1996. <ref name="diaspora">{{Cite web |date=29 November 2012 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012 |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=ugandandiaspora.com}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> <ref name="csds">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Yaliko pulofeesa omugenyi ku [[:en:University_of_Durban-Westville|Yunivasite y’e Durban]] - [[:en:Westville,_KwaZulu-Natal|Westville]] mu South Africa (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka mu Gwomukaaga 1993), ku [[:en:Nehru_Memorial_Museum_&_Library|Nehru Memorial Museum & Library]] e New Delhi (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka Gwomukaaga 1995), ne mu [[:en:Princeton_University|Yunivasite y'e Princeton]] (1995–96). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vance |first=Dara |date=2015-11-20 |title=UK Committee on Social Theory Hosts Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://uknow.uky.edu/uk-happenings/uk-committee-social-theory-hosts-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=UKNow}}</ref> Mu 1996, yalondebwa okubeera omukulembeze w’entebe ya [[:en:Archibald_Campbell_Jordan|AC Jordan]] ey'ensoma y'Afirika mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y’e Cape Town]], <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 March 2011 |title=UCT in war over 'bantu education' |url=http://mg.co.za/article/2011-03-11-uct-in-war-over-bantu-education |access-date=22 March 2013}}</ref> era ku ntandikwa ya 1997 n’afuuka akulira [[:en:Centre_for_African_Studies|ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku by'ensoma y'Afirika]] (CAS). <ref name="uwn2018">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> Yavaawo oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obutakkaanya n'abasomesa (abasinga obungi abazungu) ku bbago ly'ensoma ye ey'omusomo ogw'omusingi ku Afrika oguyitibwa "Problematising Africa". <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=June 1, 1998 |title=Is African studies to be turned into a new home for Bantu education at UCT? |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/02533959808458649 |journal=Social Dynamics |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=63–75 |doi=10.1080/02533959808458649 |issn=0253-3952 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> Mamdani, eyalaga nti ensoma eriwo eya " [[:en:Bantu_Education_Act,_1953|Bantu studies]] " (mu kujjuliza ku kusomesa Abaddugavu wansi w'enfuga [[:en:Apartheid|y'obusosoze]] ) <ref name="cas2018" /> yayimirizibwa era okukkakkana ng'alekulidde. <ref name="davis2017">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> "Ensonga ya Mamdani" ekyayogerwako mu kukubaganya ebirowoozo ku [[:en:Decolonization_of_higher_education_in_South_Africa|kununula amatendekero aga waggulu okuva mu nsoma y'abamatwale]] . Oluvannyuma yagamba nti teyalina busungu ku muntu yenna, era yalina enkolagana ennungi ekiseera kye yamalayo. Yagamba nti obutakwatagana bwali ku njawulo mu ndowooza n'addala ensengeka y’ensoma ku bikwata ku kusoma South Africa ng’ensi ya Afrika. Oluvannyuma (2018) yakomezebwawo nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa asuutibwa. [ b ] <ref name="uwn2018" /> Mu 1999, Mamdani yalondebwa okuba dayirekita w’ekitongole ekikola ku by’okunoonyereza ku Afirika mu yunivasite ya Columbia, ekifo kye yalina okutuusa mu 2004. <ref name="uwn2018"/> Okuva olwo abadde asomesa eyo (nga 2025). <ref name="haag2025">{{Cite web |last=Haag |first=Matthew |last2=Goldberg |first2=Emma |date=27 June 2025 |title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |archive-date=7 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku mbeera z’abantu ekya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=18 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University]] |archive-date=2 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002055113/http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Agaba |first=John |title=Mamdani talks about his research legacy and work at Makerere |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20220329112608625 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="bio2"/> Okutuuka mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2025 [[:en:Columbia_University#Academics|pulofeesa wa Herbert Lehman mu Gavumenti]] era pulofeesa ku nkula y'abantu, okusoma saayansi w'ebyobufuzi [[:en:African_studies|n'okusoma ku Afirika]] ku [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]].<ref name="bio2" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Faculty Bio: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/anthropology/fac-bios/mamdani/faculty.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Era akola nga chancellor wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://kiu.ac.ug/news-page.php?i=press-release-kampala-international-university-kiu-appoints-prof-mahmood-mamdani-as-chancellor |access-date=24 August 2020 |publisher=[[Kampala International University]]}}</ref> == Okunoonyereza n'okuwandiika == Mamdani yeemalira mu kunoonyereza ku byobufuzi bya Afirika n'eby'ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw'amatwale]] [[:en:Postcolonialism|n'oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale]], n'ebyobufuzi by'ebyenfuna. Ebitabo bye byekenneenya enkolagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'ebyobuwangwa, okugeraageranya [[:en:Colonialism|okufugibwa kw'amatwale]] okuva mu 1452, ebyafaayo by'entalo z'omunda [[:en:Genocide|n'ekitta bantu]] mu Afirika, [[:en:Cold_War|Olutalo olw'Ensi Yonna olw'ebigambo]] [[:en:War_on_terror|n'olutalo ku butujju]], n'ebyafaayo by'eddembe ly'obuntu.<ref>vSneh, Itai Nartzizenfield (2008). [https://books.google.com/books?id=iax4AAAAMAAJ ''The Future Almost Arrived: How Jimmy Carter Failed to Change U.S. Foreign Policy''.] [[:en:Peter_Lang_(publishing_company)|Peter Lang]]. p. 169. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780820481852|9780820481852]]</bdi>.</ref> Okunoonyereza kwe okw'omwaka 2016 kwatandikira ku kitabo kye eky'omwaka 1996, [[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]. <ref>[http://polisci.columbia.edu/people/profile/96 "Mahmood Mamdani | Department of Political Science"]. ''polisci.columbia.edu''. Retrieved 21 January 2016.</ref>Mu kitabo ekyo, yagamba nti eggwanga eryafugibwa terisobola kutegeerwa nga tewekenenyeza bulungi eggwanga eryalifuga.Enkola y'obufuzi bw'amatwale mu Afirika yali eddamu okusoomoozebwa kw'ekibuuzo "ekikulu", era yagamba nti yafuuka "amawanga agaabuluziddwamu".<ref name=":0">Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. pp. 15–16. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|<bdi>9780852553992</bdi>.]]</ref>Kino kyali kikolebwa mu ngeri bbiri: ku ludda olumu nga bafuga butereevu, nga kino kyali kikolwa kya "buyinza" era nga kyali kigenderera okuggya abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo ku ddembe ly'obuntu eryali liweebwa abatuuze mu bitundu ebirala, ate ku ludda olulala nga bafuga mu ngeri etali y'abuteerevu, nga kino kyali kikolebwa mu byalo era nga kizingiramu okuyingiza "bannansi" mu "mateeka g'eggwanga" agaateekebwawo ab'obuyinza mu byalo, era nga kino yakiyita "obwannakyemalira obw'okugabanya obuyinza".<ref name=":0" /> Embeera eno yali "yakusika muguwa" era ng'erimu "engeri bbiri ez'obuyinza wansi w'obuyinza obumu".<ref name=":0" /> Oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale, ebibuga byali tebikyayawulamu bantu lwa langi naye ebyalo byali bikyafugibwa abakulembeze abaali mu nkwawa z'abafuzi b'amatwale, ka babe abakulembeze ab'ennono oba b'ebali bakwasizzaobuyinza nga balina ebiruubirirwa by'okufugisa omukono ogw'ekyuma.<ref>Clapham, Chris (1997). "Review: Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism by Mahmood Mamdani'". ''Royal Institute of International Affairs''. '''73''': 606.</ref>Mu ngeri eno obukulembeze bwonna bwaleeta enjawukana mu mawnga era n'ekutondawo obukulembeze bwabwe obw'enjawulo obwannakyemalira.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref> Mamdani yekennenya ebyafaayo mu South Africa ne Uganda okulaga nti obufuzi bw'amatwale bwakozesa obuyinza obuyitiridde era obuyinza obwo bweyongera okubaawo oluvannyuma lw'ameefuga.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. p. 37. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref>Ng’asomooza endowooza eza bulijjo ku busosoze mu South Afrika nga ez’enjawulo, agamba nti [[:en:Apartheid|obusosoze mu mawanga]] bwali ngeri ya bulijjo ey’ettwale lya Bulaaya mu Africa, nga lizingiramu ensonga [[:en:Indirect_rule|z’obufuzi obutali butereevu]] n’okukwatagana<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1 January 1996 |title=Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism |isbn=9780852553992 |pages=16–18}}</ref> Mu kitabo kye ekyafulumizibwa mu 2004 ekya ''Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: America, the Cold War, and the Roots of Terror'' Mamdani yagamba nti [[:en:Suicide_attack|abeetuze]] balina okumanyibwa "ng'ekika ky'omujaasi" era nti balina "okutegeerwa mu ngeri y'effujjo ly'ebyobufuzi ery'omulembe guno okusinga okuvumwavumwa ng'akabonero k'obukambwe". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bickerton |first=James |date=2025-07-11 |title=Zohran Mamdani's father's remark about suicide bombers comes under scrutiny |url=https://www.newsweek.com/zohran-mamdani-father-remark-about-suicide-bombers-comes-under-scrutiny-2097793 |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref> Omuyivu omu yagamba nti kino si kuwagira kwettisa bbomu wabula kwekenneenya okwanenya '"okusalawo kwa Amerika ku nkola y'ensonga z'ebweru naddala mu kiseera ky'olutalo olw'ebigambo", okutondawo embeera [[:en:Islamic_extremism|y'Obusiraamu obw'annalukalala]] [[:en:Political_violence|n'effujjo mu byobufuzi]] " mwe byakulaakulanira. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Murray |first=Conor |date=Jul 11, 2025 |title=Mahmood Mamdani's Work Does Not Advocate Violence, Expert Says |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/conormurray/2025/07/11/sequoias-maguire-unfairly-targets-zohran-mamdanis-father-fellow-academic-says/ |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko bye bifulumiddde mu ''[[:en:London_Review_of_Books|London Review of Books]]'' n'ekampuni ezifulumya ebitabo ebirala.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/contributors/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=London Review of Books |language=en-GB}}</ref> Okusinziira ku CAS, ebiwandiiko bya Mamdani "bibadde bikulu mu kusomebwa abayizi abali ku misomo gyabwe egya undergraduate ne Postgraduate ku UCT ssaako n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo ku nsoma y'ebyafaayo n'ebyobufuzi bya Afirika , nga banonyereza ku nkwatagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'obuwangwa, okugerageranya obufuzi bw'amatwale, entalo ez'omunda mu ggwanga n'ekittabantu mu Afirika".<ref name="uwn20182">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> == Emirimu gye emirala == Okuva mu 1998 <ref name="bio22">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> oba 1999 okutuuka mu 2002, Mamdani yaweereza nga pulezidenti w'olukiiko olukulaakulanya okunoonyereza ku ssaayansi w'embeera z'abantu mu Afrika . <ref name="cas20182">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] kme8vsnriy1lp40qsxqfd5dyfl28hjl 48666 48665 2026-05-03T08:56:45Z Charles Kalanzi 9748 48666 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mahmood Mamdani''' [ a ] FBA (yazaalibwa 23 Ogwokuna 1946) munnayuganda [[:en:Anthropologist|omukugu mu by'enkula y'abantu]], munnaby'anjigiriza, era omukugu mu by'obufuzi. Ye Herbert Lehman Pulofeesa wa Gavumenti era pulofeesa w’ensonga z'ekikula ky'abantu, [[:en:Political_science|ssaayansi w’ebyobufuzi]], n’okunoonyereza [[:en:African_studies|ku nsoma y'Afirika]] mu [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]] . Era akola nga Ccansala wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda, era nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa ku Center for African Studis mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y'e Cape Town]] . Emabegako yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole kya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. Mamdani mukugu mu kusoma ebyobufuzi bya Afrika n’ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw’amatwale]] n’oluvannyuma [[:en:Postcolonialism|lw'obufuzi bw’amatwale]], n’ebyobufuzi [[:en:Knowledge_economy|by’ebyenfuna]] . Mufumbo nga mukazi we ye [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]] omuzannyi wa firimu . Ye ne Nair be bazadde ba [[:en:New_York_City_Mayor|Meeya w'ekibuga New York]] [[Zohran Mamdani]] . == Obuto bwe n’okusoma == Mahmood Mamdani yazaalibwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1946 mu [[:en:Bombay|kibuga Bombay]] (kati Mumbai), Buyindi, ng’ebula omwaka gumu [[:en:British_Raj|enfuga ya Bungereza]] ekome. <ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/education/news/mahmood-mamdani-education-and-career-path-how-zohran-mamdanis-father-built-a-legacy-of-revolution-through-ideas-and-exile/articleshow/122064130.cms "Mahmood Mamdani education and career path: How Zohran Mamdani's father built a legacy of revolution through ideas and exile"]. ''The Times of India''. 25 June 2025. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN&nbsp;]][https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-8257 0971-825]7. Retrieved 13 July 2025.</ref> <ref name="codesria">{{Cite web |title=Pr. Mahmood Mamdani (1998-2002) |url=https://codesria.org/pr-mahmood-mamdani-1998-2002/ |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> Yakulira mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=23 February 2021 |title=Mahmood Mamdani on Uganda |url=https://africasacountry.com/2011/04/mamdani-on-uganda |website=Africa is a Country}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Permanent Minorities and the Politics of Survivors: A conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://worldpeacefoundation.org/blog/permanent-minorities-and-the-politics-of-survivors-a-conversation-with-mahmood-mamdani/ |website=World Peace Foundation}}</ref> ng'omu ku [[:en:Indian_diaspora_in_Southeast_Africa|Bayindi ababundabunda mu bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba bwa Afrika]] . Bazadde be bombi, [[:en:Gujarati_Muslim|basiraamu Abagujarati]], baazaalibwa era ne bakulira mu kitundu kya Bungereza eky'amatwale ki [[:en:Tanganyika_Territory|Tanganyika]] (leero Tanzania). Abafumbo bano baagenda e Bombay olwo kitaawe n’asomerayo mu ttendekero ekkulu. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Chen |first=Kuan-Hsing |last2=Gao |first2=Shiming |last3=Tang |first3=Xiaolin |date=2016 |title=The formation of an African intellectual: an interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |journal=Inter-Asia Cultural Studies |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=456–480 |doi=10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref>Muhoozi, Mourice (6 March 2022). [https://www.watchdoguganda.com/news/20220306/131449/meet-ugandas-most-iconic-academician-prof-mahmood-mamdani.html "Meet Uganda's most Iconic academician, Prof. Mahmood Mamdani"]. ''Watchdog Uganda''</ref> Famire yaddayo e [[:en:Dar_es_Salaam|Dar es Salaam]], Tanganyika, nga Mamdani wa myaka ebiri, ne bagenda e Uganda nga wa myaka etaano oba mukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Mu kiseera ekyo, Uganda yali yayawulwamu okusinziira ku mawanga, omuli abantu gye babeera, amasomero, emizikiti, n’ebifo abaana we bazannyira. Okusoma kwe mu pulayimale, Mamdani yasooka kugenda mu [[:en:Madrasa|madarasa]], n’oluvannyuma mu Government Indian Primary School. <ref name=":8"/> Yakula ng'ayogera [[:en:Gujarati_language|Olugujarati]], [[:en:Urdu|Oluurdu]] [[:en:Swahili_language|n'Oluswayiri]] . Yatandika okusoma Olungereza mu kibiina eky’omukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Oluvannyuma lw’okusoma siniya ey’awansi, yasomera ku Old Kampala Senior Secondary School, gye yali omuwandiisi w’ekibiina kya Do-it-Yourself Physics. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uganda: Buganda And Uganda At Crossroads |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090826030635/http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |archive-date=26 August 2009 |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=AllAfrica}}</ref> Mamdani yali omu ku bayizi Bannayuganda 23 abaali mu kibiina kya [[:en:The_Kennedy_Airlift|Kennedy Airlift]] mu 1963, enteekateeka ya sikaala eyaweebwa ssente okuva mu Amerika eyaleetera ebikumi n’ebikumi by'abayizi okuva mu [[:en:East_Africa|Buvanjuba bwa Afrika]] okusomera ku yunivasite mu Amerika ne Canada wakati wa 1959 ne 1963. <ref name="indian tele">{{Cite web |last=Sen |first=Manjula |date=25 January 2009 |title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |archive-date=2 February 2009 |access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref> Mamdani yatikkirwa diguli ya Bachelor of Arts okuva mu [[:en:University_of_Pittsburgh|Yunivasite y’e Pittsburgh]] <ref name="codesria"/> mu 1967. <ref>{{Cite book |date=1 January 2010 |title=International Encyclopedia of Civil Society |url=https://link.springer.com/referencework/10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |vauthors=((Anheier, H. K.)), ((Toepler, S.)) |publisher=Springer US |isbn=978-0-387-93994-0 |editor-last=Anheier |editor-first=Helmut K. |doi=10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |editor-last2=Toepler |editor-first2=Stefan}}</ref> Yali omu ku bayizi abangi mu bukiikakkono bwa Amerika abaali mu lugendo lwa bbaasi mu bukiikaddyo okutuuka e [[:en:Montgomery,_Alabama|Montgomery, Alabama]], olwategekebwa [[:en:Student_Nonviolent_Coordinating_Committee|akakiiko akakwasaganya abayizi abatali ba ffujjo]] mu Gwokusatu 1965 okwetaba mu kaweefube w'okulwanirira [[:en:Civil_rights_movement|eddembe ly’obuntu]] . Kino kyaliwo mu kiseera ky’okutambula okuva e [[:en:Selma_to_Montgomery_marches|Selma okutuuka e Montgomery]], naye nga kyo kya njawulo. Yasibibwa mu kkomera mu kutambula kuno era n’akkirizibwa okukuba essimu. Mamdani yakubira [[:en:Embassy_of_Uganda,_Washington,_D.C.|omubaka wa Uganda]] e [[:en:Washington,_DC|Washington, DC]], amuyambe. Omubaka yamubuuza lwaki "ayingirira ensonga z'omunda mu nsi engwira", n'amuddamu nti teyali nsonga ya munda wabula olutalo lw'eddembe era nti nabo eddembe lyabwe baali bakalifuna omwaka ogwakaggwa. <ref name="pambazuka">{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=28 April 2007 |title=The Asian question again: A reflection |url=http://www.pambazuka.org/en/category/comment/41273 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]] (Uganda) |via=pambazuka.org}}</ref> Amangu ddala nga wayiseewo akaseera katono, Mamdani yategeera ku mulimu gwa [[:en:Karl_Marx|Karl Marx]] okuva mu kukyala kwe ku FBI. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Shringarpure |first=Bhakti |author-link=Bhakti Shringarpure |date=15 July 2013 |title=In Conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.warscapes.com/conversations/conversation-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=6 November 2017 |website=Warscapes |language=en |quote=I thought the guy Marx had just died. […] So that was my introduction to Karl Marx.}}</ref> Yasomera ku [[:en:Fletcher_School_of_Law_and_Diplomacy|Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy]] mu [[:en:Tufts_University|Yunivasite ya Tufts]] era mu 1968 yatikkirwa diguli ya Master of Arts mu [[:en:Political_science|byobufuzi]] ne Master of Arts mu mateeka ne diplomacy mu 1969. Yafuna diguli ye [[:en:Doctor_of_philosophy|eyookusatu]] mu gavumenti okuva mu [[:en:Harvard_University|Yunivasite y'e Harvard]] mu 1974, wansi w’obulagirizi bwa [[:en:Karl_Deutsch|Karl Deutsch]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and class formation in Uganda |url=http://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=978-0-85345-378-9 |location=New York |via=Internet Archive}}</ref> Omulamwa kw'eyatambuliza ddiguli ye eyookusatu yagiwa omutwe "''Politics and Class Formation in Uganda."'' <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and Class Formation in Uganda |url=https://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=0-85345-378-0 |location=New York |oclc=2073894 |url-access=registration}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Allen |first=Judith Van |last2=Mamdani |first2=Mahmood |last3=Shivji |first3=Issa G. |date=November 1977 |title=Reviewed Works: Politics and Class Formation in Uganda. by Mahmood Mamdani; Class Struggles in Tanzania. by Issa G. Shivji |journal=Contemporary Sociology |publisher=American Sociological Association |volume=6 |issue=6 |pages=702 |doi=10.2307/2066367 |issn=0094-3061 |eissn=1939-8638 |jstor=2066367}}</ref> == Emirimu gye == Mamdani yakomawo mu Uganda ku ntandikwa ya 1972 era naweebwa omulimu ku [[Makerere University, Uganda|yunivasite y'e Makerere]] mu Kampala [[:en:Teaching_assistant|ng'ayambako omusomesa]], mu kiseera kye kimu yali akola ku kunoonyereza kwe okwa ddiguli eyookusatu. . Ye n’Abaasia abasinga obungi [[:en:Expulsion_of_Asians_from_Uganda|baagobebwa]] mu Uganda ku nkomerero y’omwaka ogwo [[Idi Amin]] olw’amawanga gaabwe; Amin yali agenderera "kuzzaawo" bizinensi n'ebintu. Mamdani yava mu Uganda n’agenda mu nkambi y’ababundabunda mu Bungereza ku ntandikwa y'omwezi Gwekkuminoogumu. <ref name="lrb2022">{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2022-10-06 |title=The Asian Question |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v44/n19/mahmood-mamdani/the-asian-question |journal=[[London Review of Books]] |language=en |volume=44 |issue=19 |issn=0260-9592 |access-date=2025-09-08}}</ref> Yava e Bungereza mu makkati ga 1973 oluvannyuma lw’okuyingizibwa mu [[:en:University_of_Dar_es_Salaam|Yunivasite y’e Dar es Salaam]] mu Tanzania. <ref name="pambazuka"/> <ref name="cas2018">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> <ref name="bio2">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> Mu Dar es Salaam, yamaliriza okuwandiika dissertation ye. Yali mujjumbize nnyo n’ebibiina ebiwakanya Amin. Mu 1979, yeetaba mu Ttabamiruka w’e Moshi ng’omutunuulizi. Yaddayo mu Uganda oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa ku bukulembeze oluvannyuma lw'olutalo lwa [[Olutalo lwa Uganda ne Tanzania|Uganda ne Tanzania]] mu 1979. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McCormack |first=Pete |date=17 October 2005 |title=Interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.petemccormack.com/interview_mamdani_001.htm |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=petemccormack.com}}</ref> <ref name="bio2" /> Mu kiseera kino, yakozesebwa ng'omutendeke mu kibiina kya [[:en:All_Africa_Conference_of_Churches|All Africa Conference of Churches]], omukago [[:en:Ecumenical_Christian|gw'Abakristaayo ogw'ensi yonna]] ogusangibwa e [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, ng'akolera mu ofiisi [[:en:Church_of_Uganda|y'Ekkanisa ya Uganda]] mu Kampala. <ref name="lrb2022"/> Okuva mu 1980 (oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa mu ntebe mu 1979) okutuuka mu 1993 yaddamu okukolera yunivasite y’e Makerere. <ref name="bio2"/> <ref name="lrb2022"/>​[[Milton Obote|​]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kagolo |first=Francis |date=8 February 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani to be honoured among Africa's best |url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/628869-prof-mamdani-to-be-honoured-among-africa-s-best.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]]}}</ref> Yaddayo e Dar es Salaam. Oluvannyuma lwa Obote okugobwa mu ntebe omulundi ogwokubiri, Mamdani yaddamu okudda mu Uganda mu Gwomukaaga 1986. <ref name="indian tele"/> Yali dayirekita eyatandikawo ekitongole kya Centre for Basic Research (CBR), ekitongole kya Uganda ekitali kya gavumenti ekyasooka mu kunoonyereza, mwe yaweereza okuva mu 1987 okutuuka mu 1996. <ref name="diaspora">{{Cite web |date=29 November 2012 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012 |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=ugandandiaspora.com}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> <ref name="csds">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Yaliko pulofeesa omugenyi ku [[:en:University_of_Durban-Westville|Yunivasite y’e Durban]] - [[:en:Westville,_KwaZulu-Natal|Westville]] mu South Africa (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka mu Gwomukaaga 1993), ku [[:en:Nehru_Memorial_Museum_&_Library|Nehru Memorial Museum & Library]] e New Delhi (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka Gwomukaaga 1995), ne mu [[:en:Princeton_University|Yunivasite y'e Princeton]] (1995–96). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vance |first=Dara |date=2015-11-20 |title=UK Committee on Social Theory Hosts Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://uknow.uky.edu/uk-happenings/uk-committee-social-theory-hosts-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=UKNow}}</ref> Mu 1996, yalondebwa okubeera omukulembeze w’entebe ya [[:en:Archibald_Campbell_Jordan|AC Jordan]] ey'ensoma y'Afirika mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y’e Cape Town]], <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 March 2011 |title=UCT in war over 'bantu education' |url=http://mg.co.za/article/2011-03-11-uct-in-war-over-bantu-education |access-date=22 March 2013}}</ref> era ku ntandikwa ya 1997 n’afuuka akulira [[:en:Centre_for_African_Studies|ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku by'ensoma y'Afirika]] (CAS). <ref name="uwn2018">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> Yavaawo oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obutakkaanya n'abasomesa (abasinga obungi abazungu) ku bbago ly'ensoma ye ey'omusomo ogw'omusingi ku Afrika oguyitibwa "Problematising Africa". <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=June 1, 1998 |title=Is African studies to be turned into a new home for Bantu education at UCT? |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/02533959808458649 |journal=Social Dynamics |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=63–75 |doi=10.1080/02533959808458649 |issn=0253-3952 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> Mamdani, eyalaga nti ensoma eriwo eya " [[:en:Bantu_Education_Act,_1953|Bantu studies]] " (mu kujjuliza ku kusomesa Abaddugavu wansi w'enfuga [[:en:Apartheid|y'obusosoze]] ) <ref name="cas2018" /> yayimirizibwa era okukkakkana ng'alekulidde. <ref name="davis2017">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> "Ensonga ya Mamdani" ekyayogerwako mu kukubaganya ebirowoozo ku [[:en:Decolonization_of_higher_education_in_South_Africa|kununula amatendekero aga waggulu okuva mu nsoma y'abamatwale]] . Oluvannyuma yagamba nti teyalina busungu ku muntu yenna, era yalina enkolagana ennungi ekiseera kye yamalayo. Yagamba nti obutakwatagana bwali ku njawulo mu ndowooza n'addala ensengeka y’ensoma ku bikwata ku kusoma South Africa ng’ensi ya Afrika. Oluvannyuma (2018) yakomezebwawo nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa asuutibwa. [ b ] <ref name="uwn2018" /> Mu 1999, Mamdani yalondebwa okuba dayirekita w’ekitongole ekikola ku by’okunoonyereza ku Afirika mu yunivasite ya Columbia, ekifo kye yalina okutuusa mu 2004. <ref name="uwn2018"/> Okuva olwo abadde asomesa eyo (nga 2025). <ref name="haag2025">{{Cite web |last=Haag |first=Matthew |last2=Goldberg |first2=Emma |date=27 June 2025 |title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |archive-date=7 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku mbeera z’abantu ekya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=18 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University]] |archive-date=2 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002055113/http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Agaba |first=John |title=Mamdani talks about his research legacy and work at Makerere |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20220329112608625 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="bio2"/> Okutuuka mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2025 [[:en:Columbia_University#Academics|pulofeesa wa Herbert Lehman mu Gavumenti]] era pulofeesa ku nkula y'abantu, okusoma saayansi w'ebyobufuzi [[:en:African_studies|n'okusoma ku Afirika]] ku [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]].<ref name="bio2" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Faculty Bio: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/anthropology/fac-bios/mamdani/faculty.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Era akola nga chancellor wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://kiu.ac.ug/news-page.php?i=press-release-kampala-international-university-kiu-appoints-prof-mahmood-mamdani-as-chancellor |access-date=24 August 2020 |publisher=[[Kampala International University]]}}</ref> == Okunoonyereza n'okuwandiika == Mamdani yeemalira mu kunoonyereza ku byobufuzi bya Afirika n'eby'ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw'amatwale]] [[:en:Postcolonialism|n'oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale]], n'ebyobufuzi by'ebyenfuna. Ebitabo bye byekenneenya enkolagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'ebyobuwangwa, okugeraageranya [[:en:Colonialism|okufugibwa kw'amatwale]] okuva mu 1452, ebyafaayo by'entalo z'omunda [[:en:Genocide|n'ekitta bantu]] mu Afirika, [[:en:Cold_War|Olutalo olw'Ensi Yonna olw'ebigambo]] [[:en:War_on_terror|n'olutalo ku butujju]], n'ebyafaayo by'eddembe ly'obuntu.<ref>vSneh, Itai Nartzizenfield (2008). [https://books.google.com/books?id=iax4AAAAMAAJ ''The Future Almost Arrived: How Jimmy Carter Failed to Change U.S. Foreign Policy''.] [[:en:Peter_Lang_(publishing_company)|Peter Lang]]. p. 169. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780820481852|9780820481852]]</bdi>.</ref> Okunoonyereza kwe okw'omwaka 2016 kwatandikira ku kitabo kye eky'omwaka 1996, [[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]. <ref>[http://polisci.columbia.edu/people/profile/96 "Mahmood Mamdani | Department of Political Science"]. ''polisci.columbia.edu''. Retrieved 21 January 2016.</ref>Mu kitabo ekyo, yagamba nti eggwanga eryafugibwa terisobola kutegeerwa nga tewekenenyeza bulungi eggwanga eryalifuga.Enkola y'obufuzi bw'amatwale mu Afirika yali eddamu okusoomoozebwa kw'ekibuuzo "ekikulu", era yagamba nti yafuuka "amawanga agaabuluziddwamu".<ref name=":0">Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. pp. 15–16. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|<bdi>9780852553992</bdi>.]]</ref>Kino kyali kikolebwa mu ngeri bbiri: ku ludda olumu nga bafuga butereevu, nga kino kyali kikolwa kya "buyinza" era nga kyali kigenderera okuggya abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo ku ddembe ly'obuntu eryali liweebwa abatuuze mu bitundu ebirala, ate ku ludda olulala nga bafuga mu ngeri etali y'abuteerevu, nga kino kyali kikolebwa mu byalo era nga kizingiramu okuyingiza "bannansi" mu "mateeka g'eggwanga" agaateekebwawo ab'obuyinza mu byalo, era nga kino yakiyita "obwannakyemalira obw'okugabanya obuyinza".<ref name=":0" /> Embeera eno yali "yakusika muguwa" era ng'erimu "engeri bbiri ez'obuyinza wansi w'obuyinza obumu".<ref name=":0" /> Oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale, ebibuga byali tebikyayawulamu bantu lwa langi naye ebyalo byali bikyafugibwa abakulembeze abaali mu nkwawa z'abafuzi b'amatwale, ka babe abakulembeze ab'ennono oba b'ebali bakwasizzaobuyinza nga balina ebiruubirirwa by'okufugisa omukono ogw'ekyuma.<ref>Clapham, Chris (1997). "Review: Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism by Mahmood Mamdani'". ''Royal Institute of International Affairs''. '''73''': 606.</ref>Mu ngeri eno obukulembeze bwonna bwaleeta enjawukana mu mawnga era n'ekutondawo obukulembeze bwabwe obw'enjawulo obwannakyemalira.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref> Mamdani yekennenya ebyafaayo mu South Africa ne Uganda okulaga nti obufuzi bw'amatwale bwakozesa obuyinza obuyitiridde era obuyinza obwo bweyongera okubaawo oluvannyuma lw'ameefuga.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. p. 37. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref>Ng’asomooza endowooza eza bulijjo ku busosoze mu South Afrika nga ez’enjawulo, agamba nti [[:en:Apartheid|obusosoze mu mawanga]] bwali ngeri ya bulijjo ey’ettwale lya Bulaaya mu Africa, nga lizingiramu ensonga [[:en:Indirect_rule|z’obufuzi obutali butereevu]] n’okukwatagana<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1 January 1996 |title=Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism |isbn=9780852553992 |pages=16–18}}</ref> Mu kitabo kye ekyafulumizibwa mu 2004 ekya ''Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: America, the Cold War, and the Roots of Terror'' Mamdani yagamba nti [[:en:Suicide_attack|abeetuze]] balina okumanyibwa "ng'ekika ky'omujaasi" era nti balina "okutegeerwa mu ngeri y'effujjo ly'ebyobufuzi ery'omulembe guno okusinga okuvumwavumwa ng'akabonero k'obukambwe". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bickerton |first=James |date=2025-07-11 |title=Zohran Mamdani's father's remark about suicide bombers comes under scrutiny |url=https://www.newsweek.com/zohran-mamdani-father-remark-about-suicide-bombers-comes-under-scrutiny-2097793 |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref> Omuyivu omu yagamba nti kino si kuwagira kwettisa bbomu wabula kwekenneenya okwanenya '"okusalawo kwa Amerika ku nkola y'ensonga z'ebweru naddala mu kiseera ky'olutalo olw'ebigambo", okutondawo embeera [[:en:Islamic_extremism|y'Obusiraamu obw'annalukalala]] [[:en:Political_violence|n'effujjo mu byobufuzi]] " mwe byakulaakulanira. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Murray |first=Conor |date=Jul 11, 2025 |title=Mahmood Mamdani's Work Does Not Advocate Violence, Expert Says |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/conormurray/2025/07/11/sequoias-maguire-unfairly-targets-zohran-mamdanis-father-fellow-academic-says/ |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko bye bifulumiddde mu ''[[:en:London_Review_of_Books|London Review of Books]]'' n'ekampuni ezifulumya ebitabo ebirala.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/contributors/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=London Review of Books |language=en-GB}}</ref> Okusinziira ku CAS, ebiwandiiko bya Mamdani "bibadde bikulu mu kusomebwa abayizi abali ku misomo gyabwe egya undergraduate ne Postgraduate ku UCT ssaako n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo ku nsoma y'ebyafaayo n'ebyobufuzi bya Afirika , nga banonyereza ku nkwatagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'obuwangwa, okugerageranya obufuzi bw'amatwale, entalo ez'omunda mu ggwanga n'ekittabantu mu Afirika".<ref name="uwn20182">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> == Emirimu gye emirala == Okuva mu 1998 <ref name="bio22">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> oba 1999 okutuuka mu 2002, Mamdani yaweereza nga pulezidenti w'olukiiko olukulaakulanya okunoonyereza ku ssaayansi w'embeera z'abantu mu Afrika ([[:en:Council_for_the_Development_of_Social_Science_Research_in_Africa|Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa]]). <ref name="cas20182">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] to35zb8lq17p84hruuhcfhl40fx7a6g 48667 48666 2026-05-03T08:58:09Z Charles Kalanzi 9748 48667 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mahmood Mamdani''' [ a ] FBA (yazaalibwa 23 Ogwokuna 1946) munnayuganda [[:en:Anthropologist|omukugu mu by'enkula y'abantu]], munnaby'anjigiriza, era omukugu mu by'obufuzi. Ye Herbert Lehman Pulofeesa wa Gavumenti era pulofeesa w’ensonga z'ekikula ky'abantu, [[:en:Political_science|ssaayansi w’ebyobufuzi]], n’okunoonyereza [[:en:African_studies|ku nsoma y'Afirika]] mu [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]] . Era akola nga Ccansala wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda, era nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa ku Center for African Studis mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y'e Cape Town]] . Emabegako yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole kya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. Mamdani mukugu mu kusoma ebyobufuzi bya Afrika n’ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw’amatwale]] n’oluvannyuma [[:en:Postcolonialism|lw'obufuzi bw’amatwale]], n’ebyobufuzi [[:en:Knowledge_economy|by’ebyenfuna]] . Mufumbo nga mukazi we ye [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]] omuzannyi wa firimu . Ye ne Nair be bazadde ba [[:en:New_York_City_Mayor|Meeya w'ekibuga New York]] [[Zohran Mamdani]] . == Obuto bwe n’okusoma == Mahmood Mamdani yazaalibwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1946 mu [[:en:Bombay|kibuga Bombay]] (kati Mumbai), Buyindi, ng’ebula omwaka gumu [[:en:British_Raj|enfuga ya Bungereza]] ekome. <ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/education/news/mahmood-mamdani-education-and-career-path-how-zohran-mamdanis-father-built-a-legacy-of-revolution-through-ideas-and-exile/articleshow/122064130.cms "Mahmood Mamdani education and career path: How Zohran Mamdani's father built a legacy of revolution through ideas and exile"]. ''The Times of India''. 25 June 2025. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN&nbsp;]][https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-8257 0971-825]7. Retrieved 13 July 2025.</ref> <ref name="codesria">{{Cite web |title=Pr. Mahmood Mamdani (1998-2002) |url=https://codesria.org/pr-mahmood-mamdani-1998-2002/ |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> Yakulira mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=23 February 2021 |title=Mahmood Mamdani on Uganda |url=https://africasacountry.com/2011/04/mamdani-on-uganda |website=Africa is a Country}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Permanent Minorities and the Politics of Survivors: A conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://worldpeacefoundation.org/blog/permanent-minorities-and-the-politics-of-survivors-a-conversation-with-mahmood-mamdani/ |website=World Peace Foundation}}</ref> ng'omu ku [[:en:Indian_diaspora_in_Southeast_Africa|Bayindi ababundabunda mu bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba bwa Afrika]] . Bazadde be bombi, [[:en:Gujarati_Muslim|basiraamu Abagujarati]], baazaalibwa era ne bakulira mu kitundu kya Bungereza eky'amatwale ki [[:en:Tanganyika_Territory|Tanganyika]] (leero Tanzania). Abafumbo bano baagenda e Bombay olwo kitaawe n’asomerayo mu ttendekero ekkulu. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Chen |first=Kuan-Hsing |last2=Gao |first2=Shiming |last3=Tang |first3=Xiaolin |date=2016 |title=The formation of an African intellectual: an interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |journal=Inter-Asia Cultural Studies |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=456–480 |doi=10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref>Muhoozi, Mourice (6 March 2022). [https://www.watchdoguganda.com/news/20220306/131449/meet-ugandas-most-iconic-academician-prof-mahmood-mamdani.html "Meet Uganda's most Iconic academician, Prof. Mahmood Mamdani"]. ''Watchdog Uganda''</ref> Famire yaddayo e [[:en:Dar_es_Salaam|Dar es Salaam]], Tanganyika, nga Mamdani wa myaka ebiri, ne bagenda e Uganda nga wa myaka etaano oba mukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Mu kiseera ekyo, Uganda yali yayawulwamu okusinziira ku mawanga, omuli abantu gye babeera, amasomero, emizikiti, n’ebifo abaana we bazannyira. Okusoma kwe mu pulayimale, Mamdani yasooka kugenda mu [[:en:Madrasa|madarasa]], n’oluvannyuma mu Government Indian Primary School. <ref name=":8"/> Yakula ng'ayogera [[:en:Gujarati_language|Olugujarati]], [[:en:Urdu|Oluurdu]] [[:en:Swahili_language|n'Oluswayiri]] . Yatandika okusoma Olungereza mu kibiina eky’omukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Oluvannyuma lw’okusoma siniya ey’awansi, yasomera ku Old Kampala Senior Secondary School, gye yali omuwandiisi w’ekibiina kya Do-it-Yourself Physics. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uganda: Buganda And Uganda At Crossroads |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090826030635/http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |archive-date=26 August 2009 |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=AllAfrica}}</ref> Mamdani yali omu ku bayizi Bannayuganda 23 abaali mu kibiina kya [[:en:The_Kennedy_Airlift|Kennedy Airlift]] mu 1963, enteekateeka ya sikaala eyaweebwa ssente okuva mu Amerika eyaleetera ebikumi n’ebikumi by'abayizi okuva mu [[:en:East_Africa|Buvanjuba bwa Afrika]] okusomera ku yunivasite mu Amerika ne Canada wakati wa 1959 ne 1963. <ref name="indian tele">{{Cite web |last=Sen |first=Manjula |date=25 January 2009 |title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |archive-date=2 February 2009 |access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref> Mamdani yatikkirwa diguli ya Bachelor of Arts okuva mu [[:en:University_of_Pittsburgh|Yunivasite y’e Pittsburgh]] <ref name="codesria"/> mu 1967. <ref>{{Cite book |date=1 January 2010 |title=International Encyclopedia of Civil Society |url=https://link.springer.com/referencework/10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |vauthors=((Anheier, H. K.)), ((Toepler, S.)) |publisher=Springer US |isbn=978-0-387-93994-0 |editor-last=Anheier |editor-first=Helmut K. |doi=10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |editor-last2=Toepler |editor-first2=Stefan}}</ref> Yali omu ku bayizi abangi mu bukiikakkono bwa Amerika abaali mu lugendo lwa bbaasi mu bukiikaddyo okutuuka e [[:en:Montgomery,_Alabama|Montgomery, Alabama]], olwategekebwa [[:en:Student_Nonviolent_Coordinating_Committee|akakiiko akakwasaganya abayizi abatali ba ffujjo]] mu Gwokusatu 1965 okwetaba mu kaweefube w'okulwanirira [[:en:Civil_rights_movement|eddembe ly’obuntu]] . Kino kyaliwo mu kiseera ky’okutambula okuva e [[:en:Selma_to_Montgomery_marches|Selma okutuuka e Montgomery]], naye nga kyo kya njawulo. Yasibibwa mu kkomera mu kutambula kuno era n’akkirizibwa okukuba essimu. Mamdani yakubira [[:en:Embassy_of_Uganda,_Washington,_D.C.|omubaka wa Uganda]] e [[:en:Washington,_DC|Washington, DC]], amuyambe. Omubaka yamubuuza lwaki "ayingirira ensonga z'omunda mu nsi engwira", n'amuddamu nti teyali nsonga ya munda wabula olutalo lw'eddembe era nti nabo eddembe lyabwe baali bakalifuna omwaka ogwakaggwa. <ref name="pambazuka">{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=28 April 2007 |title=The Asian question again: A reflection |url=http://www.pambazuka.org/en/category/comment/41273 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]] (Uganda) |via=pambazuka.org}}</ref> Amangu ddala nga wayiseewo akaseera katono, Mamdani yategeera ku mulimu gwa [[:en:Karl_Marx|Karl Marx]] okuva mu kukyala kwe ku FBI. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Shringarpure |first=Bhakti |author-link=Bhakti Shringarpure |date=15 July 2013 |title=In Conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.warscapes.com/conversations/conversation-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=6 November 2017 |website=Warscapes |language=en |quote=I thought the guy Marx had just died. […] So that was my introduction to Karl Marx.}}</ref> Yasomera ku [[:en:Fletcher_School_of_Law_and_Diplomacy|Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy]] mu [[:en:Tufts_University|Yunivasite ya Tufts]] era mu 1968 yatikkirwa diguli ya Master of Arts mu [[:en:Political_science|byobufuzi]] ne Master of Arts mu mateeka ne diplomacy mu 1969. Yafuna diguli ye [[:en:Doctor_of_philosophy|eyookusatu]] mu gavumenti okuva mu [[:en:Harvard_University|Yunivasite y'e Harvard]] mu 1974, wansi w’obulagirizi bwa [[:en:Karl_Deutsch|Karl Deutsch]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and class formation in Uganda |url=http://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=978-0-85345-378-9 |location=New York |via=Internet Archive}}</ref> Omulamwa kw'eyatambuliza ddiguli ye eyookusatu yagiwa omutwe "''Politics and Class Formation in Uganda."'' <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and Class Formation in Uganda |url=https://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=0-85345-378-0 |location=New York |oclc=2073894 |url-access=registration}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Allen |first=Judith Van |last2=Mamdani |first2=Mahmood |last3=Shivji |first3=Issa G. |date=November 1977 |title=Reviewed Works: Politics and Class Formation in Uganda. by Mahmood Mamdani; Class Struggles in Tanzania. by Issa G. Shivji |journal=Contemporary Sociology |publisher=American Sociological Association |volume=6 |issue=6 |pages=702 |doi=10.2307/2066367 |issn=0094-3061 |eissn=1939-8638 |jstor=2066367}}</ref> == Emirimu gye == Mamdani yakomawo mu Uganda ku ntandikwa ya 1972 era naweebwa omulimu ku [[Makerere University, Uganda|yunivasite y'e Makerere]] mu Kampala [[:en:Teaching_assistant|ng'ayambako omusomesa]], mu kiseera kye kimu yali akola ku kunoonyereza kwe okwa ddiguli eyookusatu. . Ye n’Abaasia abasinga obungi [[:en:Expulsion_of_Asians_from_Uganda|baagobebwa]] mu Uganda ku nkomerero y’omwaka ogwo [[Idi Amin]] olw’amawanga gaabwe; Amin yali agenderera "kuzzaawo" bizinensi n'ebintu. Mamdani yava mu Uganda n’agenda mu nkambi y’ababundabunda mu Bungereza ku ntandikwa y'omwezi Gwekkuminoogumu. <ref name="lrb2022">{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2022-10-06 |title=The Asian Question |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v44/n19/mahmood-mamdani/the-asian-question |journal=[[London Review of Books]] |language=en |volume=44 |issue=19 |issn=0260-9592 |access-date=2025-09-08}}</ref> Yava e Bungereza mu makkati ga 1973 oluvannyuma lw’okuyingizibwa mu [[:en:University_of_Dar_es_Salaam|Yunivasite y’e Dar es Salaam]] mu Tanzania. <ref name="pambazuka"/> <ref name="cas2018">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> <ref name="bio2">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> Mu Dar es Salaam, yamaliriza okuwandiika dissertation ye. Yali mujjumbize nnyo n’ebibiina ebiwakanya Amin. Mu 1979, yeetaba mu Ttabamiruka w’e Moshi ng’omutunuulizi. Yaddayo mu Uganda oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa ku bukulembeze oluvannyuma lw'olutalo lwa [[Olutalo lwa Uganda ne Tanzania|Uganda ne Tanzania]] mu 1979. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McCormack |first=Pete |date=17 October 2005 |title=Interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.petemccormack.com/interview_mamdani_001.htm |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=petemccormack.com}}</ref> <ref name="bio2" /> Mu kiseera kino, yakozesebwa ng'omutendeke mu kibiina kya [[:en:All_Africa_Conference_of_Churches|All Africa Conference of Churches]], omukago [[:en:Ecumenical_Christian|gw'Abakristaayo ogw'ensi yonna]] ogusangibwa e [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, ng'akolera mu ofiisi [[:en:Church_of_Uganda|y'Ekkanisa ya Uganda]] mu Kampala. <ref name="lrb2022"/> Okuva mu 1980 (oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa mu ntebe mu 1979) okutuuka mu 1993 yaddamu okukolera yunivasite y’e Makerere. <ref name="bio2"/> <ref name="lrb2022"/>​[[Milton Obote|​]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kagolo |first=Francis |date=8 February 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani to be honoured among Africa's best |url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/628869-prof-mamdani-to-be-honoured-among-africa-s-best.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]]}}</ref> Yaddayo e Dar es Salaam. Oluvannyuma lwa Obote okugobwa mu ntebe omulundi ogwokubiri, Mamdani yaddamu okudda mu Uganda mu Gwomukaaga 1986. <ref name="indian tele"/> Yali dayirekita eyatandikawo ekitongole kya Centre for Basic Research (CBR), ekitongole kya Uganda ekitali kya gavumenti ekyasooka mu kunoonyereza, mwe yaweereza okuva mu 1987 okutuuka mu 1996. <ref name="diaspora">{{Cite web |date=29 November 2012 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012 |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=ugandandiaspora.com}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> <ref name="csds">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Yaliko pulofeesa omugenyi ku [[:en:University_of_Durban-Westville|Yunivasite y’e Durban]] - [[:en:Westville,_KwaZulu-Natal|Westville]] mu South Africa (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka mu Gwomukaaga 1993), ku [[:en:Nehru_Memorial_Museum_&_Library|Nehru Memorial Museum & Library]] e New Delhi (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka Gwomukaaga 1995), ne mu [[:en:Princeton_University|Yunivasite y'e Princeton]] (1995–96). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vance |first=Dara |date=2015-11-20 |title=UK Committee on Social Theory Hosts Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://uknow.uky.edu/uk-happenings/uk-committee-social-theory-hosts-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=UKNow}}</ref> Mu 1996, yalondebwa okubeera omukulembeze w’entebe ya [[:en:Archibald_Campbell_Jordan|AC Jordan]] ey'ensoma y'Afirika mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y’e Cape Town]], <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 March 2011 |title=UCT in war over 'bantu education' |url=http://mg.co.za/article/2011-03-11-uct-in-war-over-bantu-education |access-date=22 March 2013}}</ref> era ku ntandikwa ya 1997 n’afuuka akulira [[:en:Centre_for_African_Studies|ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku by'ensoma y'Afirika]] (CAS). <ref name="uwn2018">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> Yavaawo oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obutakkaanya n'abasomesa (abasinga obungi abazungu) ku bbago ly'ensoma ye ey'omusomo ogw'omusingi ku Afrika oguyitibwa "Problematising Africa". <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=June 1, 1998 |title=Is African studies to be turned into a new home for Bantu education at UCT? |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/02533959808458649 |journal=Social Dynamics |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=63–75 |doi=10.1080/02533959808458649 |issn=0253-3952 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> Mamdani, eyalaga nti ensoma eriwo eya " [[:en:Bantu_Education_Act,_1953|Bantu studies]] " (mu kujjuliza ku kusomesa Abaddugavu wansi w'enfuga [[:en:Apartheid|y'obusosoze]] ) <ref name="cas2018" /> yayimirizibwa era okukkakkana ng'alekulidde. <ref name="davis2017">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> "Ensonga ya Mamdani" ekyayogerwako mu kukubaganya ebirowoozo ku [[:en:Decolonization_of_higher_education_in_South_Africa|kununula amatendekero aga waggulu okuva mu nsoma y'abamatwale]] . Oluvannyuma yagamba nti teyalina busungu ku muntu yenna, era yalina enkolagana ennungi ekiseera kye yamalayo. Yagamba nti obutakwatagana bwali ku njawulo mu ndowooza n'addala ensengeka y’ensoma ku bikwata ku kusoma South Africa ng’ensi ya Afrika. Oluvannyuma (2018) yakomezebwawo nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa asuutibwa. [ b ] <ref name="uwn2018" /> Mu 1999, Mamdani yalondebwa okuba dayirekita w’ekitongole ekikola ku by’okunoonyereza ku Afirika mu yunivasite ya Columbia, ekifo kye yalina okutuusa mu 2004. <ref name="uwn2018"/> Okuva olwo abadde asomesa eyo (nga 2025). <ref name="haag2025">{{Cite web |last=Haag |first=Matthew |last2=Goldberg |first2=Emma |date=27 June 2025 |title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |archive-date=7 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku mbeera z’abantu ekya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=18 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University]] |archive-date=2 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002055113/http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Agaba |first=John |title=Mamdani talks about his research legacy and work at Makerere |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20220329112608625 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="bio2"/> Okutuuka mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2025 [[:en:Columbia_University#Academics|pulofeesa wa Herbert Lehman mu Gavumenti]] era pulofeesa ku nkula y'abantu, okusoma saayansi w'ebyobufuzi [[:en:African_studies|n'okusoma ku Afirika]] ku [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]].<ref name="bio2" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Faculty Bio: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/anthropology/fac-bios/mamdani/faculty.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Era akola nga chancellor wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://kiu.ac.ug/news-page.php?i=press-release-kampala-international-university-kiu-appoints-prof-mahmood-mamdani-as-chancellor |access-date=24 August 2020 |publisher=[[Kampala International University]]}}</ref> == Okunoonyereza n'okuwandiika == Mamdani yeemalira mu kunoonyereza ku byobufuzi bya Afirika n'eby'ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw'amatwale]] [[:en:Postcolonialism|n'oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale]], n'ebyobufuzi by'ebyenfuna. Ebitabo bye byekenneenya enkolagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'ebyobuwangwa, okugeraageranya [[:en:Colonialism|okufugibwa kw'amatwale]] okuva mu 1452, ebyafaayo by'entalo z'omunda [[:en:Genocide|n'ekitta bantu]] mu Afirika, [[:en:Cold_War|Olutalo olw'Ensi Yonna olw'ebigambo]] [[:en:War_on_terror|n'olutalo ku butujju]], n'ebyafaayo by'eddembe ly'obuntu.<ref>vSneh, Itai Nartzizenfield (2008). [https://books.google.com/books?id=iax4AAAAMAAJ ''The Future Almost Arrived: How Jimmy Carter Failed to Change U.S. Foreign Policy''.] [[:en:Peter_Lang_(publishing_company)|Peter Lang]]. p. 169. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780820481852|9780820481852]]</bdi>.</ref> Okunoonyereza kwe okw'omwaka 2016 kwatandikira ku kitabo kye eky'omwaka 1996, [[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]. <ref>[http://polisci.columbia.edu/people/profile/96 "Mahmood Mamdani | Department of Political Science"]. ''polisci.columbia.edu''. Retrieved 21 January 2016.</ref>Mu kitabo ekyo, yagamba nti eggwanga eryafugibwa terisobola kutegeerwa nga tewekenenyeza bulungi eggwanga eryalifuga.Enkola y'obufuzi bw'amatwale mu Afirika yali eddamu okusoomoozebwa kw'ekibuuzo "ekikulu", era yagamba nti yafuuka "amawanga agaabuluziddwamu".<ref name=":0">Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. pp. 15–16. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|<bdi>9780852553992</bdi>.]]</ref>Kino kyali kikolebwa mu ngeri bbiri: ku ludda olumu nga bafuga butereevu, nga kino kyali kikolwa kya "buyinza" era nga kyali kigenderera okuggya abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo ku ddembe ly'obuntu eryali liweebwa abatuuze mu bitundu ebirala, ate ku ludda olulala nga bafuga mu ngeri etali y'abuteerevu, nga kino kyali kikolebwa mu byalo era nga kizingiramu okuyingiza "bannansi" mu "mateeka g'eggwanga" agaateekebwawo ab'obuyinza mu byalo, era nga kino yakiyita "obwannakyemalira obw'okugabanya obuyinza".<ref name=":0" /> Embeera eno yali "yakusika muguwa" era ng'erimu "engeri bbiri ez'obuyinza wansi w'obuyinza obumu".<ref name=":0" /> Oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale, ebibuga byali tebikyayawulamu bantu lwa langi naye ebyalo byali bikyafugibwa abakulembeze abaali mu nkwawa z'abafuzi b'amatwale, ka babe abakulembeze ab'ennono oba b'ebali bakwasizzaobuyinza nga balina ebiruubirirwa by'okufugisa omukono ogw'ekyuma.<ref>Clapham, Chris (1997). "Review: Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism by Mahmood Mamdani'". ''Royal Institute of International Affairs''. '''73''': 606.</ref>Mu ngeri eno obukulembeze bwonna bwaleeta enjawukana mu mawnga era n'ekutondawo obukulembeze bwabwe obw'enjawulo obwannakyemalira.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref> Mamdani yekennenya ebyafaayo mu South Africa ne Uganda okulaga nti obufuzi bw'amatwale bwakozesa obuyinza obuyitiridde era obuyinza obwo bweyongera okubaawo oluvannyuma lw'ameefuga.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. p. 37. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref>Ng’asomooza endowooza eza bulijjo ku busosoze mu South Afrika nga ez’enjawulo, agamba nti [[:en:Apartheid|obusosoze mu mawanga]] bwali ngeri ya bulijjo ey’ettwale lya Bulaaya mu Africa, nga lizingiramu ensonga [[:en:Indirect_rule|z’obufuzi obutali butereevu]] n’okukwatagana<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1 January 1996 |title=Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism |isbn=9780852553992 |pages=16–18}}</ref> Mu kitabo kye ekyafulumizibwa mu 2004 ekya ''Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: America, the Cold War, and the Roots of Terror'' Mamdani yagamba nti [[:en:Suicide_attack|abeetuze]] balina okumanyibwa "ng'ekika ky'omujaasi" era nti balina "okutegeerwa mu ngeri y'effujjo ly'ebyobufuzi ery'omulembe guno okusinga okuvumwavumwa ng'akabonero k'obukambwe". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bickerton |first=James |date=2025-07-11 |title=Zohran Mamdani's father's remark about suicide bombers comes under scrutiny |url=https://www.newsweek.com/zohran-mamdani-father-remark-about-suicide-bombers-comes-under-scrutiny-2097793 |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref> Omuyivu omu yagamba nti kino si kuwagira kwettisa bbomu wabula kwekenneenya okwanenya '"okusalawo kwa Amerika ku nkola y'ensonga z'ebweru naddala mu kiseera ky'olutalo olw'ebigambo", okutondawo embeera [[:en:Islamic_extremism|y'Obusiraamu obw'annalukalala]] [[:en:Political_violence|n'effujjo mu byobufuzi]] " mwe byakulaakulanira. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Murray |first=Conor |date=Jul 11, 2025 |title=Mahmood Mamdani's Work Does Not Advocate Violence, Expert Says |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/conormurray/2025/07/11/sequoias-maguire-unfairly-targets-zohran-mamdanis-father-fellow-academic-says/ |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko bye bifulumiddde mu ''[[:en:London_Review_of_Books|London Review of Books]]'' n'ekampuni ezifulumya ebitabo ebirala.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/contributors/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=London Review of Books |language=en-GB}}</ref> Okusinziira ku CAS, ebiwandiiko bya Mamdani "bibadde bikulu mu kusomebwa abayizi abali ku misomo gyabwe egya undergraduate ne Postgraduate ku UCT ssaako n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo ku nsoma y'ebyafaayo n'ebyobufuzi bya Afirika , nga banonyereza ku nkwatagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'obuwangwa, okugerageranya obufuzi bw'amatwale, entalo ez'omunda mu ggwanga n'ekittabantu mu Afirika".<ref name="uwn20182">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> == Emirimu gye emirala == Okuva mu 1998 <ref name="bio22">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> oba 1999 okutuuka mu 2002, Mamdani yaweereza nga pulezidenti w'olukiiko olukulaakulanya okunoonyereza ku ssaayansi w'embeera z'abantu mu Afrika ([[:en:Council_for_the_Development_of_Social_Science_Research_in_Africa|Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa]]). <ref name="cas20182">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumineebiri 2001, yawa okwogera ku "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" mu lukungaana lwa Nobel Centennial Symposium e Oslo, Norway. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 December 2001 |title=Speech by Dr. Mahmood Mamdani: "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/mediaplayer/index.php?id=1281 |access-date=24 March 2013 |publisher=Nobel Prize}}</ref> == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] jemh3lk0csllmgpy4l1tazufwwxqt9d 48668 48667 2026-05-03T08:59:11Z Charles Kalanzi 9748 48668 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mahmood Mamdani''' [ a ] FBA (yazaalibwa 23 Ogwokuna 1946) munnayuganda [[:en:Anthropologist|omukugu mu by'enkula y'abantu]], munnaby'anjigiriza, era omukugu mu by'obufuzi. Ye Herbert Lehman Pulofeesa wa Gavumenti era pulofeesa w’ensonga z'ekikula ky'abantu, [[:en:Political_science|ssaayansi w’ebyobufuzi]], n’okunoonyereza [[:en:African_studies|ku nsoma y'Afirika]] mu [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]] . Era akola nga Ccansala wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda, era nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa ku Center for African Studis mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y'e Cape Town]] . Emabegako yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole kya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. Mamdani mukugu mu kusoma ebyobufuzi bya Afrika n’ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw’amatwale]] n’oluvannyuma [[:en:Postcolonialism|lw'obufuzi bw’amatwale]], n’ebyobufuzi [[:en:Knowledge_economy|by’ebyenfuna]] . Mufumbo nga mukazi we ye [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]] omuzannyi wa firimu . Ye ne Nair be bazadde ba [[:en:New_York_City_Mayor|Meeya w'ekibuga New York]] [[Zohran Mamdani]] . == Obuto bwe n’okusoma == Mahmood Mamdani yazaalibwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1946 mu [[:en:Bombay|kibuga Bombay]] (kati Mumbai), Buyindi, ng’ebula omwaka gumu [[:en:British_Raj|enfuga ya Bungereza]] ekome. <ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/education/news/mahmood-mamdani-education-and-career-path-how-zohran-mamdanis-father-built-a-legacy-of-revolution-through-ideas-and-exile/articleshow/122064130.cms "Mahmood Mamdani education and career path: How Zohran Mamdani's father built a legacy of revolution through ideas and exile"]. ''The Times of India''. 25 June 2025. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN&nbsp;]][https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-8257 0971-825]7. Retrieved 13 July 2025.</ref> <ref name="codesria">{{Cite web |title=Pr. Mahmood Mamdani (1998-2002) |url=https://codesria.org/pr-mahmood-mamdani-1998-2002/ |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> Yakulira mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=23 February 2021 |title=Mahmood Mamdani on Uganda |url=https://africasacountry.com/2011/04/mamdani-on-uganda |website=Africa is a Country}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Permanent Minorities and the Politics of Survivors: A conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://worldpeacefoundation.org/blog/permanent-minorities-and-the-politics-of-survivors-a-conversation-with-mahmood-mamdani/ |website=World Peace Foundation}}</ref> ng'omu ku [[:en:Indian_diaspora_in_Southeast_Africa|Bayindi ababundabunda mu bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba bwa Afrika]] . Bazadde be bombi, [[:en:Gujarati_Muslim|basiraamu Abagujarati]], baazaalibwa era ne bakulira mu kitundu kya Bungereza eky'amatwale ki [[:en:Tanganyika_Territory|Tanganyika]] (leero Tanzania). Abafumbo bano baagenda e Bombay olwo kitaawe n’asomerayo mu ttendekero ekkulu. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Chen |first=Kuan-Hsing |last2=Gao |first2=Shiming |last3=Tang |first3=Xiaolin |date=2016 |title=The formation of an African intellectual: an interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |journal=Inter-Asia Cultural Studies |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=456–480 |doi=10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref>Muhoozi, Mourice (6 March 2022). [https://www.watchdoguganda.com/news/20220306/131449/meet-ugandas-most-iconic-academician-prof-mahmood-mamdani.html "Meet Uganda's most Iconic academician, Prof. Mahmood Mamdani"]. ''Watchdog Uganda''</ref> Famire yaddayo e [[:en:Dar_es_Salaam|Dar es Salaam]], Tanganyika, nga Mamdani wa myaka ebiri, ne bagenda e Uganda nga wa myaka etaano oba mukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Mu kiseera ekyo, Uganda yali yayawulwamu okusinziira ku mawanga, omuli abantu gye babeera, amasomero, emizikiti, n’ebifo abaana we bazannyira. Okusoma kwe mu pulayimale, Mamdani yasooka kugenda mu [[:en:Madrasa|madarasa]], n’oluvannyuma mu Government Indian Primary School. <ref name=":8"/> Yakula ng'ayogera [[:en:Gujarati_language|Olugujarati]], [[:en:Urdu|Oluurdu]] [[:en:Swahili_language|n'Oluswayiri]] . Yatandika okusoma Olungereza mu kibiina eky’omukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Oluvannyuma lw’okusoma siniya ey’awansi, yasomera ku Old Kampala Senior Secondary School, gye yali omuwandiisi w’ekibiina kya Do-it-Yourself Physics. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uganda: Buganda And Uganda At Crossroads |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090826030635/http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |archive-date=26 August 2009 |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=AllAfrica}}</ref> Mamdani yali omu ku bayizi Bannayuganda 23 abaali mu kibiina kya [[:en:The_Kennedy_Airlift|Kennedy Airlift]] mu 1963, enteekateeka ya sikaala eyaweebwa ssente okuva mu Amerika eyaleetera ebikumi n’ebikumi by'abayizi okuva mu [[:en:East_Africa|Buvanjuba bwa Afrika]] okusomera ku yunivasite mu Amerika ne Canada wakati wa 1959 ne 1963. <ref name="indian tele">{{Cite web |last=Sen |first=Manjula |date=25 January 2009 |title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |archive-date=2 February 2009 |access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref> Mamdani yatikkirwa diguli ya Bachelor of Arts okuva mu [[:en:University_of_Pittsburgh|Yunivasite y’e Pittsburgh]] <ref name="codesria"/> mu 1967. <ref>{{Cite book |date=1 January 2010 |title=International Encyclopedia of Civil Society |url=https://link.springer.com/referencework/10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |vauthors=((Anheier, H. K.)), ((Toepler, S.)) |publisher=Springer US |isbn=978-0-387-93994-0 |editor-last=Anheier |editor-first=Helmut K. |doi=10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |editor-last2=Toepler |editor-first2=Stefan}}</ref> Yali omu ku bayizi abangi mu bukiikakkono bwa Amerika abaali mu lugendo lwa bbaasi mu bukiikaddyo okutuuka e [[:en:Montgomery,_Alabama|Montgomery, Alabama]], olwategekebwa [[:en:Student_Nonviolent_Coordinating_Committee|akakiiko akakwasaganya abayizi abatali ba ffujjo]] mu Gwokusatu 1965 okwetaba mu kaweefube w'okulwanirira [[:en:Civil_rights_movement|eddembe ly’obuntu]] . Kino kyaliwo mu kiseera ky’okutambula okuva e [[:en:Selma_to_Montgomery_marches|Selma okutuuka e Montgomery]], naye nga kyo kya njawulo. Yasibibwa mu kkomera mu kutambula kuno era n’akkirizibwa okukuba essimu. Mamdani yakubira [[:en:Embassy_of_Uganda,_Washington,_D.C.|omubaka wa Uganda]] e [[:en:Washington,_DC|Washington, DC]], amuyambe. Omubaka yamubuuza lwaki "ayingirira ensonga z'omunda mu nsi engwira", n'amuddamu nti teyali nsonga ya munda wabula olutalo lw'eddembe era nti nabo eddembe lyabwe baali bakalifuna omwaka ogwakaggwa. <ref name="pambazuka">{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=28 April 2007 |title=The Asian question again: A reflection |url=http://www.pambazuka.org/en/category/comment/41273 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]] (Uganda) |via=pambazuka.org}}</ref> Amangu ddala nga wayiseewo akaseera katono, Mamdani yategeera ku mulimu gwa [[:en:Karl_Marx|Karl Marx]] okuva mu kukyala kwe ku FBI. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Shringarpure |first=Bhakti |author-link=Bhakti Shringarpure |date=15 July 2013 |title=In Conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.warscapes.com/conversations/conversation-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=6 November 2017 |website=Warscapes |language=en |quote=I thought the guy Marx had just died. […] So that was my introduction to Karl Marx.}}</ref> Yasomera ku [[:en:Fletcher_School_of_Law_and_Diplomacy|Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy]] mu [[:en:Tufts_University|Yunivasite ya Tufts]] era mu 1968 yatikkirwa diguli ya Master of Arts mu [[:en:Political_science|byobufuzi]] ne Master of Arts mu mateeka ne diplomacy mu 1969. Yafuna diguli ye [[:en:Doctor_of_philosophy|eyookusatu]] mu gavumenti okuva mu [[:en:Harvard_University|Yunivasite y'e Harvard]] mu 1974, wansi w’obulagirizi bwa [[:en:Karl_Deutsch|Karl Deutsch]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and class formation in Uganda |url=http://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=978-0-85345-378-9 |location=New York |via=Internet Archive}}</ref> Omulamwa kw'eyatambuliza ddiguli ye eyookusatu yagiwa omutwe "''Politics and Class Formation in Uganda."'' <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and Class Formation in Uganda |url=https://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=0-85345-378-0 |location=New York |oclc=2073894 |url-access=registration}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Allen |first=Judith Van |last2=Mamdani |first2=Mahmood |last3=Shivji |first3=Issa G. |date=November 1977 |title=Reviewed Works: Politics and Class Formation in Uganda. by Mahmood Mamdani; Class Struggles in Tanzania. by Issa G. Shivji |journal=Contemporary Sociology |publisher=American Sociological Association |volume=6 |issue=6 |pages=702 |doi=10.2307/2066367 |issn=0094-3061 |eissn=1939-8638 |jstor=2066367}}</ref> == Emirimu gye == Mamdani yakomawo mu Uganda ku ntandikwa ya 1972 era naweebwa omulimu ku [[Makerere University, Uganda|yunivasite y'e Makerere]] mu Kampala [[:en:Teaching_assistant|ng'ayambako omusomesa]], mu kiseera kye kimu yali akola ku kunoonyereza kwe okwa ddiguli eyookusatu. . Ye n’Abaasia abasinga obungi [[:en:Expulsion_of_Asians_from_Uganda|baagobebwa]] mu Uganda ku nkomerero y’omwaka ogwo [[Idi Amin]] olw’amawanga gaabwe; Amin yali agenderera "kuzzaawo" bizinensi n'ebintu. Mamdani yava mu Uganda n’agenda mu nkambi y’ababundabunda mu Bungereza ku ntandikwa y'omwezi Gwekkuminoogumu. <ref name="lrb2022">{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2022-10-06 |title=The Asian Question |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v44/n19/mahmood-mamdani/the-asian-question |journal=[[London Review of Books]] |language=en |volume=44 |issue=19 |issn=0260-9592 |access-date=2025-09-08}}</ref> Yava e Bungereza mu makkati ga 1973 oluvannyuma lw’okuyingizibwa mu [[:en:University_of_Dar_es_Salaam|Yunivasite y’e Dar es Salaam]] mu Tanzania. <ref name="pambazuka"/> <ref name="cas2018">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> <ref name="bio2">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> Mu Dar es Salaam, yamaliriza okuwandiika dissertation ye. Yali mujjumbize nnyo n’ebibiina ebiwakanya Amin. Mu 1979, yeetaba mu Ttabamiruka w’e Moshi ng’omutunuulizi. Yaddayo mu Uganda oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa ku bukulembeze oluvannyuma lw'olutalo lwa [[Olutalo lwa Uganda ne Tanzania|Uganda ne Tanzania]] mu 1979. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McCormack |first=Pete |date=17 October 2005 |title=Interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.petemccormack.com/interview_mamdani_001.htm |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=petemccormack.com}}</ref> <ref name="bio2" /> Mu kiseera kino, yakozesebwa ng'omutendeke mu kibiina kya [[:en:All_Africa_Conference_of_Churches|All Africa Conference of Churches]], omukago [[:en:Ecumenical_Christian|gw'Abakristaayo ogw'ensi yonna]] ogusangibwa e [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, ng'akolera mu ofiisi [[:en:Church_of_Uganda|y'Ekkanisa ya Uganda]] mu Kampala. <ref name="lrb2022"/> Okuva mu 1980 (oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa mu ntebe mu 1979) okutuuka mu 1993 yaddamu okukolera yunivasite y’e Makerere. <ref name="bio2"/> <ref name="lrb2022"/>​[[Milton Obote|​]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kagolo |first=Francis |date=8 February 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani to be honoured among Africa's best |url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/628869-prof-mamdani-to-be-honoured-among-africa-s-best.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]]}}</ref> Yaddayo e Dar es Salaam. Oluvannyuma lwa Obote okugobwa mu ntebe omulundi ogwokubiri, Mamdani yaddamu okudda mu Uganda mu Gwomukaaga 1986. <ref name="indian tele"/> Yali dayirekita eyatandikawo ekitongole kya Centre for Basic Research (CBR), ekitongole kya Uganda ekitali kya gavumenti ekyasooka mu kunoonyereza, mwe yaweereza okuva mu 1987 okutuuka mu 1996. <ref name="diaspora">{{Cite web |date=29 November 2012 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012 |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=ugandandiaspora.com}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> <ref name="csds">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Yaliko pulofeesa omugenyi ku [[:en:University_of_Durban-Westville|Yunivasite y’e Durban]] - [[:en:Westville,_KwaZulu-Natal|Westville]] mu South Africa (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka mu Gwomukaaga 1993), ku [[:en:Nehru_Memorial_Museum_&_Library|Nehru Memorial Museum & Library]] e New Delhi (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka Gwomukaaga 1995), ne mu [[:en:Princeton_University|Yunivasite y'e Princeton]] (1995–96). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vance |first=Dara |date=2015-11-20 |title=UK Committee on Social Theory Hosts Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://uknow.uky.edu/uk-happenings/uk-committee-social-theory-hosts-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=UKNow}}</ref> Mu 1996, yalondebwa okubeera omukulembeze w’entebe ya [[:en:Archibald_Campbell_Jordan|AC Jordan]] ey'ensoma y'Afirika mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y’e Cape Town]], <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 March 2011 |title=UCT in war over 'bantu education' |url=http://mg.co.za/article/2011-03-11-uct-in-war-over-bantu-education |access-date=22 March 2013}}</ref> era ku ntandikwa ya 1997 n’afuuka akulira [[:en:Centre_for_African_Studies|ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku by'ensoma y'Afirika]] (CAS). <ref name="uwn2018">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> Yavaawo oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obutakkaanya n'abasomesa (abasinga obungi abazungu) ku bbago ly'ensoma ye ey'omusomo ogw'omusingi ku Afrika oguyitibwa "Problematising Africa". <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=June 1, 1998 |title=Is African studies to be turned into a new home for Bantu education at UCT? |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/02533959808458649 |journal=Social Dynamics |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=63–75 |doi=10.1080/02533959808458649 |issn=0253-3952 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> Mamdani, eyalaga nti ensoma eriwo eya " [[:en:Bantu_Education_Act,_1953|Bantu studies]] " (mu kujjuliza ku kusomesa Abaddugavu wansi w'enfuga [[:en:Apartheid|y'obusosoze]] ) <ref name="cas2018" /> yayimirizibwa era okukkakkana ng'alekulidde. <ref name="davis2017">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> "Ensonga ya Mamdani" ekyayogerwako mu kukubaganya ebirowoozo ku [[:en:Decolonization_of_higher_education_in_South_Africa|kununula amatendekero aga waggulu okuva mu nsoma y'abamatwale]] . Oluvannyuma yagamba nti teyalina busungu ku muntu yenna, era yalina enkolagana ennungi ekiseera kye yamalayo. Yagamba nti obutakwatagana bwali ku njawulo mu ndowooza n'addala ensengeka y’ensoma ku bikwata ku kusoma South Africa ng’ensi ya Afrika. Oluvannyuma (2018) yakomezebwawo nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa asuutibwa. [ b ] <ref name="uwn2018" /> Mu 1999, Mamdani yalondebwa okuba dayirekita w’ekitongole ekikola ku by’okunoonyereza ku Afirika mu yunivasite ya Columbia, ekifo kye yalina okutuusa mu 2004. <ref name="uwn2018"/> Okuva olwo abadde asomesa eyo (nga 2025). <ref name="haag2025">{{Cite web |last=Haag |first=Matthew |last2=Goldberg |first2=Emma |date=27 June 2025 |title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |archive-date=7 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku mbeera z’abantu ekya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=18 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University]] |archive-date=2 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002055113/http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Agaba |first=John |title=Mamdani talks about his research legacy and work at Makerere |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20220329112608625 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="bio2"/> Okutuuka mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2025 [[:en:Columbia_University#Academics|pulofeesa wa Herbert Lehman mu Gavumenti]] era pulofeesa ku nkula y'abantu, okusoma saayansi w'ebyobufuzi [[:en:African_studies|n'okusoma ku Afirika]] ku [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]].<ref name="bio2" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Faculty Bio: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/anthropology/fac-bios/mamdani/faculty.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Era akola nga chancellor wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://kiu.ac.ug/news-page.php?i=press-release-kampala-international-university-kiu-appoints-prof-mahmood-mamdani-as-chancellor |access-date=24 August 2020 |publisher=[[Kampala International University]]}}</ref> == Okunoonyereza n'okuwandiika == Mamdani yeemalira mu kunoonyereza ku byobufuzi bya Afirika n'eby'ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw'amatwale]] [[:en:Postcolonialism|n'oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale]], n'ebyobufuzi by'ebyenfuna. Ebitabo bye byekenneenya enkolagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'ebyobuwangwa, okugeraageranya [[:en:Colonialism|okufugibwa kw'amatwale]] okuva mu 1452, ebyafaayo by'entalo z'omunda [[:en:Genocide|n'ekitta bantu]] mu Afirika, [[:en:Cold_War|Olutalo olw'Ensi Yonna olw'ebigambo]] [[:en:War_on_terror|n'olutalo ku butujju]], n'ebyafaayo by'eddembe ly'obuntu.<ref>vSneh, Itai Nartzizenfield (2008). [https://books.google.com/books?id=iax4AAAAMAAJ ''The Future Almost Arrived: How Jimmy Carter Failed to Change U.S. Foreign Policy''.] [[:en:Peter_Lang_(publishing_company)|Peter Lang]]. p. 169. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780820481852|9780820481852]]</bdi>.</ref> Okunoonyereza kwe okw'omwaka 2016 kwatandikira ku kitabo kye eky'omwaka 1996, [[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]. <ref>[http://polisci.columbia.edu/people/profile/96 "Mahmood Mamdani | Department of Political Science"]. ''polisci.columbia.edu''. Retrieved 21 January 2016.</ref>Mu kitabo ekyo, yagamba nti eggwanga eryafugibwa terisobola kutegeerwa nga tewekenenyeza bulungi eggwanga eryalifuga.Enkola y'obufuzi bw'amatwale mu Afirika yali eddamu okusoomoozebwa kw'ekibuuzo "ekikulu", era yagamba nti yafuuka "amawanga agaabuluziddwamu".<ref name=":0">Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. pp. 15–16. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|<bdi>9780852553992</bdi>.]]</ref>Kino kyali kikolebwa mu ngeri bbiri: ku ludda olumu nga bafuga butereevu, nga kino kyali kikolwa kya "buyinza" era nga kyali kigenderera okuggya abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo ku ddembe ly'obuntu eryali liweebwa abatuuze mu bitundu ebirala, ate ku ludda olulala nga bafuga mu ngeri etali y'abuteerevu, nga kino kyali kikolebwa mu byalo era nga kizingiramu okuyingiza "bannansi" mu "mateeka g'eggwanga" agaateekebwawo ab'obuyinza mu byalo, era nga kino yakiyita "obwannakyemalira obw'okugabanya obuyinza".<ref name=":0" /> Embeera eno yali "yakusika muguwa" era ng'erimu "engeri bbiri ez'obuyinza wansi w'obuyinza obumu".<ref name=":0" /> Oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale, ebibuga byali tebikyayawulamu bantu lwa langi naye ebyalo byali bikyafugibwa abakulembeze abaali mu nkwawa z'abafuzi b'amatwale, ka babe abakulembeze ab'ennono oba b'ebali bakwasizzaobuyinza nga balina ebiruubirirwa by'okufugisa omukono ogw'ekyuma.<ref>Clapham, Chris (1997). "Review: Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism by Mahmood Mamdani'". ''Royal Institute of International Affairs''. '''73''': 606.</ref>Mu ngeri eno obukulembeze bwonna bwaleeta enjawukana mu mawnga era n'ekutondawo obukulembeze bwabwe obw'enjawulo obwannakyemalira.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref> Mamdani yekennenya ebyafaayo mu South Africa ne Uganda okulaga nti obufuzi bw'amatwale bwakozesa obuyinza obuyitiridde era obuyinza obwo bweyongera okubaawo oluvannyuma lw'ameefuga.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. p. 37. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref>Ng’asomooza endowooza eza bulijjo ku busosoze mu South Afrika nga ez’enjawulo, agamba nti [[:en:Apartheid|obusosoze mu mawanga]] bwali ngeri ya bulijjo ey’ettwale lya Bulaaya mu Africa, nga lizingiramu ensonga [[:en:Indirect_rule|z’obufuzi obutali butereevu]] n’okukwatagana<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1 January 1996 |title=Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism |isbn=9780852553992 |pages=16–18}}</ref> Mu kitabo kye ekyafulumizibwa mu 2004 ekya ''Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: America, the Cold War, and the Roots of Terror'' Mamdani yagamba nti [[:en:Suicide_attack|abeetuze]] balina okumanyibwa "ng'ekika ky'omujaasi" era nti balina "okutegeerwa mu ngeri y'effujjo ly'ebyobufuzi ery'omulembe guno okusinga okuvumwavumwa ng'akabonero k'obukambwe". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bickerton |first=James |date=2025-07-11 |title=Zohran Mamdani's father's remark about suicide bombers comes under scrutiny |url=https://www.newsweek.com/zohran-mamdani-father-remark-about-suicide-bombers-comes-under-scrutiny-2097793 |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref> Omuyivu omu yagamba nti kino si kuwagira kwettisa bbomu wabula kwekenneenya okwanenya '"okusalawo kwa Amerika ku nkola y'ensonga z'ebweru naddala mu kiseera ky'olutalo olw'ebigambo", okutondawo embeera [[:en:Islamic_extremism|y'Obusiraamu obw'annalukalala]] [[:en:Political_violence|n'effujjo mu byobufuzi]] " mwe byakulaakulanira. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Murray |first=Conor |date=Jul 11, 2025 |title=Mahmood Mamdani's Work Does Not Advocate Violence, Expert Says |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/conormurray/2025/07/11/sequoias-maguire-unfairly-targets-zohran-mamdanis-father-fellow-academic-says/ |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko bye bifulumiddde mu ''[[:en:London_Review_of_Books|London Review of Books]]'' n'ekampuni ezifulumya ebitabo ebirala.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/contributors/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=London Review of Books |language=en-GB}}</ref> Okusinziira ku CAS, ebiwandiiko bya Mamdani "bibadde bikulu mu kusomebwa abayizi abali ku misomo gyabwe egya undergraduate ne Postgraduate ku UCT ssaako n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo ku nsoma y'ebyafaayo n'ebyobufuzi bya Afirika , nga banonyereza ku nkwatagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'obuwangwa, okugerageranya obufuzi bw'amatwale, entalo ez'omunda mu ggwanga n'ekittabantu mu Afirika".<ref name="uwn20182">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> == Emirimu gye emirala == Okuva mu 1998 <ref name="bio22">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> oba 1999 okutuuka mu 2002, Mamdani yaweereza nga pulezidenti w'olukiiko olukulaakulanya okunoonyereza ku ssaayansi w'embeera z'abantu mu Afrika ([[:en:Council_for_the_Development_of_Social_Science_Research_in_Africa|Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa]]). <ref name="cas20182">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumineebiri 2001, yawa okwogera ku "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" mu lukungaana lwa [[:en:Nobel_Prize|Nobel Centennial Symposium]] e [[:en:Oslo|Oslo]], Norway. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 December 2001 |title=Speech by Dr. Mahmood Mamdani: "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/mediaplayer/index.php?id=1281 |access-date=24 March 2013 |publisher=Nobel Prize}}</ref> == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] ensuv6xf1ivlkopsz96csvtjsaci9jq 48669 48668 2026-05-03T09:00:34Z Charles Kalanzi 9748 48669 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mahmood Mamdani''' [ a ] FBA (yazaalibwa 23 Ogwokuna 1946) munnayuganda [[:en:Anthropologist|omukugu mu by'enkula y'abantu]], munnaby'anjigiriza, era omukugu mu by'obufuzi. Ye Herbert Lehman Pulofeesa wa Gavumenti era pulofeesa w’ensonga z'ekikula ky'abantu, [[:en:Political_science|ssaayansi w’ebyobufuzi]], n’okunoonyereza [[:en:African_studies|ku nsoma y'Afirika]] mu [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]] . Era akola nga Ccansala wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda, era nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa ku Center for African Studis mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y'e Cape Town]] . Emabegako yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole kya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. Mamdani mukugu mu kusoma ebyobufuzi bya Afrika n’ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw’amatwale]] n’oluvannyuma [[:en:Postcolonialism|lw'obufuzi bw’amatwale]], n’ebyobufuzi [[:en:Knowledge_economy|by’ebyenfuna]] . Mufumbo nga mukazi we ye [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]] omuzannyi wa firimu . Ye ne Nair be bazadde ba [[:en:New_York_City_Mayor|Meeya w'ekibuga New York]] [[Zohran Mamdani]] . == Obuto bwe n’okusoma == Mahmood Mamdani yazaalibwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1946 mu [[:en:Bombay|kibuga Bombay]] (kati Mumbai), Buyindi, ng’ebula omwaka gumu [[:en:British_Raj|enfuga ya Bungereza]] ekome. <ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/education/news/mahmood-mamdani-education-and-career-path-how-zohran-mamdanis-father-built-a-legacy-of-revolution-through-ideas-and-exile/articleshow/122064130.cms "Mahmood Mamdani education and career path: How Zohran Mamdani's father built a legacy of revolution through ideas and exile"]. ''The Times of India''. 25 June 2025. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN&nbsp;]][https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-8257 0971-825]7. Retrieved 13 July 2025.</ref> <ref name="codesria">{{Cite web |title=Pr. Mahmood Mamdani (1998-2002) |url=https://codesria.org/pr-mahmood-mamdani-1998-2002/ |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> Yakulira mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=23 February 2021 |title=Mahmood Mamdani on Uganda |url=https://africasacountry.com/2011/04/mamdani-on-uganda |website=Africa is a Country}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Permanent Minorities and the Politics of Survivors: A conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://worldpeacefoundation.org/blog/permanent-minorities-and-the-politics-of-survivors-a-conversation-with-mahmood-mamdani/ |website=World Peace Foundation}}</ref> ng'omu ku [[:en:Indian_diaspora_in_Southeast_Africa|Bayindi ababundabunda mu bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba bwa Afrika]] . Bazadde be bombi, [[:en:Gujarati_Muslim|basiraamu Abagujarati]], baazaalibwa era ne bakulira mu kitundu kya Bungereza eky'amatwale ki [[:en:Tanganyika_Territory|Tanganyika]] (leero Tanzania). Abafumbo bano baagenda e Bombay olwo kitaawe n’asomerayo mu ttendekero ekkulu. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Chen |first=Kuan-Hsing |last2=Gao |first2=Shiming |last3=Tang |first3=Xiaolin |date=2016 |title=The formation of an African intellectual: an interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |journal=Inter-Asia Cultural Studies |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=456–480 |doi=10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref>Muhoozi, Mourice (6 March 2022). [https://www.watchdoguganda.com/news/20220306/131449/meet-ugandas-most-iconic-academician-prof-mahmood-mamdani.html "Meet Uganda's most Iconic academician, Prof. Mahmood Mamdani"]. ''Watchdog Uganda''</ref> Famire yaddayo e [[:en:Dar_es_Salaam|Dar es Salaam]], Tanganyika, nga Mamdani wa myaka ebiri, ne bagenda e Uganda nga wa myaka etaano oba mukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Mu kiseera ekyo, Uganda yali yayawulwamu okusinziira ku mawanga, omuli abantu gye babeera, amasomero, emizikiti, n’ebifo abaana we bazannyira. Okusoma kwe mu pulayimale, Mamdani yasooka kugenda mu [[:en:Madrasa|madarasa]], n’oluvannyuma mu Government Indian Primary School. <ref name=":8"/> Yakula ng'ayogera [[:en:Gujarati_language|Olugujarati]], [[:en:Urdu|Oluurdu]] [[:en:Swahili_language|n'Oluswayiri]] . Yatandika okusoma Olungereza mu kibiina eky’omukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Oluvannyuma lw’okusoma siniya ey’awansi, yasomera ku Old Kampala Senior Secondary School, gye yali omuwandiisi w’ekibiina kya Do-it-Yourself Physics. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uganda: Buganda And Uganda At Crossroads |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090826030635/http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |archive-date=26 August 2009 |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=AllAfrica}}</ref> Mamdani yali omu ku bayizi Bannayuganda 23 abaali mu kibiina kya [[:en:The_Kennedy_Airlift|Kennedy Airlift]] mu 1963, enteekateeka ya sikaala eyaweebwa ssente okuva mu Amerika eyaleetera ebikumi n’ebikumi by'abayizi okuva mu [[:en:East_Africa|Buvanjuba bwa Afrika]] okusomera ku yunivasite mu Amerika ne Canada wakati wa 1959 ne 1963. <ref name="indian tele">{{Cite web |last=Sen |first=Manjula |date=25 January 2009 |title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |archive-date=2 February 2009 |access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref> Mamdani yatikkirwa diguli ya Bachelor of Arts okuva mu [[:en:University_of_Pittsburgh|Yunivasite y’e Pittsburgh]] <ref name="codesria"/> mu 1967. <ref>{{Cite book |date=1 January 2010 |title=International Encyclopedia of Civil Society |url=https://link.springer.com/referencework/10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |vauthors=((Anheier, H. K.)), ((Toepler, S.)) |publisher=Springer US |isbn=978-0-387-93994-0 |editor-last=Anheier |editor-first=Helmut K. |doi=10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |editor-last2=Toepler |editor-first2=Stefan}}</ref> Yali omu ku bayizi abangi mu bukiikakkono bwa Amerika abaali mu lugendo lwa bbaasi mu bukiikaddyo okutuuka e [[:en:Montgomery,_Alabama|Montgomery, Alabama]], olwategekebwa [[:en:Student_Nonviolent_Coordinating_Committee|akakiiko akakwasaganya abayizi abatali ba ffujjo]] mu Gwokusatu 1965 okwetaba mu kaweefube w'okulwanirira [[:en:Civil_rights_movement|eddembe ly’obuntu]] . Kino kyaliwo mu kiseera ky’okutambula okuva e [[:en:Selma_to_Montgomery_marches|Selma okutuuka e Montgomery]], naye nga kyo kya njawulo. Yasibibwa mu kkomera mu kutambula kuno era n’akkirizibwa okukuba essimu. Mamdani yakubira [[:en:Embassy_of_Uganda,_Washington,_D.C.|omubaka wa Uganda]] e [[:en:Washington,_DC|Washington, DC]], amuyambe. Omubaka yamubuuza lwaki "ayingirira ensonga z'omunda mu nsi engwira", n'amuddamu nti teyali nsonga ya munda wabula olutalo lw'eddembe era nti nabo eddembe lyabwe baali bakalifuna omwaka ogwakaggwa. <ref name="pambazuka">{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=28 April 2007 |title=The Asian question again: A reflection |url=http://www.pambazuka.org/en/category/comment/41273 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]] (Uganda) |via=pambazuka.org}}</ref> Amangu ddala nga wayiseewo akaseera katono, Mamdani yategeera ku mulimu gwa [[:en:Karl_Marx|Karl Marx]] okuva mu kukyala kwe ku FBI. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Shringarpure |first=Bhakti |author-link=Bhakti Shringarpure |date=15 July 2013 |title=In Conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.warscapes.com/conversations/conversation-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=6 November 2017 |website=Warscapes |language=en |quote=I thought the guy Marx had just died. […] So that was my introduction to Karl Marx.}}</ref> Yasomera ku [[:en:Fletcher_School_of_Law_and_Diplomacy|Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy]] mu [[:en:Tufts_University|Yunivasite ya Tufts]] era mu 1968 yatikkirwa diguli ya Master of Arts mu [[:en:Political_science|byobufuzi]] ne Master of Arts mu mateeka ne diplomacy mu 1969. Yafuna diguli ye [[:en:Doctor_of_philosophy|eyookusatu]] mu gavumenti okuva mu [[:en:Harvard_University|Yunivasite y'e Harvard]] mu 1974, wansi w’obulagirizi bwa [[:en:Karl_Deutsch|Karl Deutsch]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and class formation in Uganda |url=http://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=978-0-85345-378-9 |location=New York |via=Internet Archive}}</ref> Omulamwa kw'eyatambuliza ddiguli ye eyookusatu yagiwa omutwe "''Politics and Class Formation in Uganda."'' <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and Class Formation in Uganda |url=https://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=0-85345-378-0 |location=New York |oclc=2073894 |url-access=registration}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Allen |first=Judith Van |last2=Mamdani |first2=Mahmood |last3=Shivji |first3=Issa G. |date=November 1977 |title=Reviewed Works: Politics and Class Formation in Uganda. by Mahmood Mamdani; Class Struggles in Tanzania. by Issa G. Shivji |journal=Contemporary Sociology |publisher=American Sociological Association |volume=6 |issue=6 |pages=702 |doi=10.2307/2066367 |issn=0094-3061 |eissn=1939-8638 |jstor=2066367}}</ref> == Emirimu gye == Mamdani yakomawo mu Uganda ku ntandikwa ya 1972 era naweebwa omulimu ku [[Makerere University, Uganda|yunivasite y'e Makerere]] mu Kampala [[:en:Teaching_assistant|ng'ayambako omusomesa]], mu kiseera kye kimu yali akola ku kunoonyereza kwe okwa ddiguli eyookusatu. . Ye n’Abaasia abasinga obungi [[:en:Expulsion_of_Asians_from_Uganda|baagobebwa]] mu Uganda ku nkomerero y’omwaka ogwo [[Idi Amin]] olw’amawanga gaabwe; Amin yali agenderera "kuzzaawo" bizinensi n'ebintu. Mamdani yava mu Uganda n’agenda mu nkambi y’ababundabunda mu Bungereza ku ntandikwa y'omwezi Gwekkuminoogumu. <ref name="lrb2022">{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2022-10-06 |title=The Asian Question |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v44/n19/mahmood-mamdani/the-asian-question |journal=[[London Review of Books]] |language=en |volume=44 |issue=19 |issn=0260-9592 |access-date=2025-09-08}}</ref> Yava e Bungereza mu makkati ga 1973 oluvannyuma lw’okuyingizibwa mu [[:en:University_of_Dar_es_Salaam|Yunivasite y’e Dar es Salaam]] mu Tanzania. <ref name="pambazuka"/> <ref name="cas2018">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> <ref name="bio2">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> Mu Dar es Salaam, yamaliriza okuwandiika dissertation ye. Yali mujjumbize nnyo n’ebibiina ebiwakanya Amin. Mu 1979, yeetaba mu Ttabamiruka w’e Moshi ng’omutunuulizi. Yaddayo mu Uganda oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa ku bukulembeze oluvannyuma lw'olutalo lwa [[Olutalo lwa Uganda ne Tanzania|Uganda ne Tanzania]] mu 1979. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McCormack |first=Pete |date=17 October 2005 |title=Interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.petemccormack.com/interview_mamdani_001.htm |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=petemccormack.com}}</ref> <ref name="bio2" /> Mu kiseera kino, yakozesebwa ng'omutendeke mu kibiina kya [[:en:All_Africa_Conference_of_Churches|All Africa Conference of Churches]], omukago [[:en:Ecumenical_Christian|gw'Abakristaayo ogw'ensi yonna]] ogusangibwa e [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, ng'akolera mu ofiisi [[:en:Church_of_Uganda|y'Ekkanisa ya Uganda]] mu Kampala. <ref name="lrb2022"/> Okuva mu 1980 (oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa mu ntebe mu 1979) okutuuka mu 1993 yaddamu okukolera yunivasite y’e Makerere. <ref name="bio2"/> <ref name="lrb2022"/>​[[Milton Obote|​]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kagolo |first=Francis |date=8 February 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani to be honoured among Africa's best |url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/628869-prof-mamdani-to-be-honoured-among-africa-s-best.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]]}}</ref> Yaddayo e Dar es Salaam. Oluvannyuma lwa Obote okugobwa mu ntebe omulundi ogwokubiri, Mamdani yaddamu okudda mu Uganda mu Gwomukaaga 1986. <ref name="indian tele"/> Yali dayirekita eyatandikawo ekitongole kya Centre for Basic Research (CBR), ekitongole kya Uganda ekitali kya gavumenti ekyasooka mu kunoonyereza, mwe yaweereza okuva mu 1987 okutuuka mu 1996. <ref name="diaspora">{{Cite web |date=29 November 2012 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012 |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=ugandandiaspora.com}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> <ref name="csds">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Yaliko pulofeesa omugenyi ku [[:en:University_of_Durban-Westville|Yunivasite y’e Durban]] - [[:en:Westville,_KwaZulu-Natal|Westville]] mu South Africa (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka mu Gwomukaaga 1993), ku [[:en:Nehru_Memorial_Museum_&_Library|Nehru Memorial Museum & Library]] e New Delhi (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka Gwomukaaga 1995), ne mu [[:en:Princeton_University|Yunivasite y'e Princeton]] (1995–96). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vance |first=Dara |date=2015-11-20 |title=UK Committee on Social Theory Hosts Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://uknow.uky.edu/uk-happenings/uk-committee-social-theory-hosts-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=UKNow}}</ref> Mu 1996, yalondebwa okubeera omukulembeze w’entebe ya [[:en:Archibald_Campbell_Jordan|AC Jordan]] ey'ensoma y'Afirika mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y’e Cape Town]], <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 March 2011 |title=UCT in war over 'bantu education' |url=http://mg.co.za/article/2011-03-11-uct-in-war-over-bantu-education |access-date=22 March 2013}}</ref> era ku ntandikwa ya 1997 n’afuuka akulira [[:en:Centre_for_African_Studies|ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku by'ensoma y'Afirika]] (CAS). <ref name="uwn2018">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> Yavaawo oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obutakkaanya n'abasomesa (abasinga obungi abazungu) ku bbago ly'ensoma ye ey'omusomo ogw'omusingi ku Afrika oguyitibwa "Problematising Africa". <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=June 1, 1998 |title=Is African studies to be turned into a new home for Bantu education at UCT? |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/02533959808458649 |journal=Social Dynamics |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=63–75 |doi=10.1080/02533959808458649 |issn=0253-3952 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> Mamdani, eyalaga nti ensoma eriwo eya " [[:en:Bantu_Education_Act,_1953|Bantu studies]] " (mu kujjuliza ku kusomesa Abaddugavu wansi w'enfuga [[:en:Apartheid|y'obusosoze]] ) <ref name="cas2018" /> yayimirizibwa era okukkakkana ng'alekulidde. <ref name="davis2017">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> "Ensonga ya Mamdani" ekyayogerwako mu kukubaganya ebirowoozo ku [[:en:Decolonization_of_higher_education_in_South_Africa|kununula amatendekero aga waggulu okuva mu nsoma y'abamatwale]] . Oluvannyuma yagamba nti teyalina busungu ku muntu yenna, era yalina enkolagana ennungi ekiseera kye yamalayo. Yagamba nti obutakwatagana bwali ku njawulo mu ndowooza n'addala ensengeka y’ensoma ku bikwata ku kusoma South Africa ng’ensi ya Afrika. Oluvannyuma (2018) yakomezebwawo nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa asuutibwa. [ b ] <ref name="uwn2018" /> Mu 1999, Mamdani yalondebwa okuba dayirekita w’ekitongole ekikola ku by’okunoonyereza ku Afirika mu yunivasite ya Columbia, ekifo kye yalina okutuusa mu 2004. <ref name="uwn2018"/> Okuva olwo abadde asomesa eyo (nga 2025). <ref name="haag2025">{{Cite web |last=Haag |first=Matthew |last2=Goldberg |first2=Emma |date=27 June 2025 |title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |archive-date=7 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku mbeera z’abantu ekya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=18 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University]] |archive-date=2 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002055113/http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Agaba |first=John |title=Mamdani talks about his research legacy and work at Makerere |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20220329112608625 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="bio2"/> Okutuuka mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2025 [[:en:Columbia_University#Academics|pulofeesa wa Herbert Lehman mu Gavumenti]] era pulofeesa ku nkula y'abantu, okusoma saayansi w'ebyobufuzi [[:en:African_studies|n'okusoma ku Afirika]] ku [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]].<ref name="bio2" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Faculty Bio: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/anthropology/fac-bios/mamdani/faculty.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Era akola nga chancellor wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://kiu.ac.ug/news-page.php?i=press-release-kampala-international-university-kiu-appoints-prof-mahmood-mamdani-as-chancellor |access-date=24 August 2020 |publisher=[[Kampala International University]]}}</ref> == Okunoonyereza n'okuwandiika == Mamdani yeemalira mu kunoonyereza ku byobufuzi bya Afirika n'eby'ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw'amatwale]] [[:en:Postcolonialism|n'oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale]], n'ebyobufuzi by'ebyenfuna. Ebitabo bye byekenneenya enkolagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'ebyobuwangwa, okugeraageranya [[:en:Colonialism|okufugibwa kw'amatwale]] okuva mu 1452, ebyafaayo by'entalo z'omunda [[:en:Genocide|n'ekitta bantu]] mu Afirika, [[:en:Cold_War|Olutalo olw'Ensi Yonna olw'ebigambo]] [[:en:War_on_terror|n'olutalo ku butujju]], n'ebyafaayo by'eddembe ly'obuntu.<ref>vSneh, Itai Nartzizenfield (2008). [https://books.google.com/books?id=iax4AAAAMAAJ ''The Future Almost Arrived: How Jimmy Carter Failed to Change U.S. Foreign Policy''.] [[:en:Peter_Lang_(publishing_company)|Peter Lang]]. p. 169. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780820481852|9780820481852]]</bdi>.</ref> Okunoonyereza kwe okw'omwaka 2016 kwatandikira ku kitabo kye eky'omwaka 1996, [[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]. <ref>[http://polisci.columbia.edu/people/profile/96 "Mahmood Mamdani | Department of Political Science"]. ''polisci.columbia.edu''. Retrieved 21 January 2016.</ref>Mu kitabo ekyo, yagamba nti eggwanga eryafugibwa terisobola kutegeerwa nga tewekenenyeza bulungi eggwanga eryalifuga.Enkola y'obufuzi bw'amatwale mu Afirika yali eddamu okusoomoozebwa kw'ekibuuzo "ekikulu", era yagamba nti yafuuka "amawanga agaabuluziddwamu".<ref name=":0">Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. pp. 15–16. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|<bdi>9780852553992</bdi>.]]</ref>Kino kyali kikolebwa mu ngeri bbiri: ku ludda olumu nga bafuga butereevu, nga kino kyali kikolwa kya "buyinza" era nga kyali kigenderera okuggya abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo ku ddembe ly'obuntu eryali liweebwa abatuuze mu bitundu ebirala, ate ku ludda olulala nga bafuga mu ngeri etali y'abuteerevu, nga kino kyali kikolebwa mu byalo era nga kizingiramu okuyingiza "bannansi" mu "mateeka g'eggwanga" agaateekebwawo ab'obuyinza mu byalo, era nga kino yakiyita "obwannakyemalira obw'okugabanya obuyinza".<ref name=":0" /> Embeera eno yali "yakusika muguwa" era ng'erimu "engeri bbiri ez'obuyinza wansi w'obuyinza obumu".<ref name=":0" /> Oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale, ebibuga byali tebikyayawulamu bantu lwa langi naye ebyalo byali bikyafugibwa abakulembeze abaali mu nkwawa z'abafuzi b'amatwale, ka babe abakulembeze ab'ennono oba b'ebali bakwasizzaobuyinza nga balina ebiruubirirwa by'okufugisa omukono ogw'ekyuma.<ref>Clapham, Chris (1997). "Review: Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism by Mahmood Mamdani'". ''Royal Institute of International Affairs''. '''73''': 606.</ref>Mu ngeri eno obukulembeze bwonna bwaleeta enjawukana mu mawnga era n'ekutondawo obukulembeze bwabwe obw'enjawulo obwannakyemalira.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref> Mamdani yekennenya ebyafaayo mu South Africa ne Uganda okulaga nti obufuzi bw'amatwale bwakozesa obuyinza obuyitiridde era obuyinza obwo bweyongera okubaawo oluvannyuma lw'ameefuga.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. p. 37. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref>Ng’asomooza endowooza eza bulijjo ku busosoze mu South Afrika nga ez’enjawulo, agamba nti [[:en:Apartheid|obusosoze mu mawanga]] bwali ngeri ya bulijjo ey’ettwale lya Bulaaya mu Africa, nga lizingiramu ensonga [[:en:Indirect_rule|z’obufuzi obutali butereevu]] n’okukwatagana<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1 January 1996 |title=Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism |isbn=9780852553992 |pages=16–18}}</ref> Mu kitabo kye ekyafulumizibwa mu 2004 ekya ''Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: America, the Cold War, and the Roots of Terror'' Mamdani yagamba nti [[:en:Suicide_attack|abeetuze]] balina okumanyibwa "ng'ekika ky'omujaasi" era nti balina "okutegeerwa mu ngeri y'effujjo ly'ebyobufuzi ery'omulembe guno okusinga okuvumwavumwa ng'akabonero k'obukambwe". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bickerton |first=James |date=2025-07-11 |title=Zohran Mamdani's father's remark about suicide bombers comes under scrutiny |url=https://www.newsweek.com/zohran-mamdani-father-remark-about-suicide-bombers-comes-under-scrutiny-2097793 |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref> Omuyivu omu yagamba nti kino si kuwagira kwettisa bbomu wabula kwekenneenya okwanenya '"okusalawo kwa Amerika ku nkola y'ensonga z'ebweru naddala mu kiseera ky'olutalo olw'ebigambo", okutondawo embeera [[:en:Islamic_extremism|y'Obusiraamu obw'annalukalala]] [[:en:Political_violence|n'effujjo mu byobufuzi]] " mwe byakulaakulanira. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Murray |first=Conor |date=Jul 11, 2025 |title=Mahmood Mamdani's Work Does Not Advocate Violence, Expert Says |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/conormurray/2025/07/11/sequoias-maguire-unfairly-targets-zohran-mamdanis-father-fellow-academic-says/ |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko bye bifulumiddde mu ''[[:en:London_Review_of_Books|London Review of Books]]'' n'ekampuni ezifulumya ebitabo ebirala.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/contributors/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=London Review of Books |language=en-GB}}</ref> Okusinziira ku CAS, ebiwandiiko bya Mamdani "bibadde bikulu mu kusomebwa abayizi abali ku misomo gyabwe egya undergraduate ne Postgraduate ku UCT ssaako n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo ku nsoma y'ebyafaayo n'ebyobufuzi bya Afirika , nga banonyereza ku nkwatagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'obuwangwa, okugerageranya obufuzi bw'amatwale, entalo ez'omunda mu ggwanga n'ekittabantu mu Afirika".<ref name="uwn20182">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> == Emirimu gy'emirala == Okuva mu 1998 <ref name="bio22">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> oba 1999 okutuuka mu 2002, Mamdani yaweereza nga pulezidenti w'olukiiko olukulaakulanya okunoonyereza ku ssaayansi w'embeera z'abantu mu Afrika ([[:en:Council_for_the_Development_of_Social_Science_Research_in_Africa|Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa]]). <ref name="cas20182">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumineebiri 2001, yawa okwogera ku "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" mu lukungaana lwa [[:en:Nobel_Prize|Nobel Centennial Symposium]] e [[:en:Oslo|Oslo]], Norway. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 December 2001 |title=Speech by Dr. Mahmood Mamdani: "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/mediaplayer/index.php?id=1281 |access-date=24 March 2013 |publisher=Nobel Prize}}</ref> Mu Gwomwenda 2006, Mamdani yali omu ku boogezi abaayitibwa mu lukuŋŋaana lw’ekibiina kya Uganda North American Association (UNAA) mu kibuga New York. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2006-09-05 |title=UNAA Convention was disorganised! |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/news/1141390/unaa-convention-disorganised |access-date=2026-02-18 |publisher=New Vision (Kampala)}}</ref> == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] efw93tge8lnuw82myqck7sxs2rvnaf9 48670 48669 2026-05-03T09:01:34Z Charles Kalanzi 9748 48670 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mahmood Mamdani''' [ a ] FBA (yazaalibwa 23 Ogwokuna 1946) munnayuganda [[:en:Anthropologist|omukugu mu by'enkula y'abantu]], munnaby'anjigiriza, era omukugu mu by'obufuzi. Ye Herbert Lehman Pulofeesa wa Gavumenti era pulofeesa w’ensonga z'ekikula ky'abantu, [[:en:Political_science|ssaayansi w’ebyobufuzi]], n’okunoonyereza [[:en:African_studies|ku nsoma y'Afirika]] mu [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]] . Era akola nga Ccansala wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda, era nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa ku Center for African Studis mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y'e Cape Town]] . Emabegako yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole kya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. Mamdani mukugu mu kusoma ebyobufuzi bya Afrika n’ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw’amatwale]] n’oluvannyuma [[:en:Postcolonialism|lw'obufuzi bw’amatwale]], n’ebyobufuzi [[:en:Knowledge_economy|by’ebyenfuna]] . Mufumbo nga mukazi we ye [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]] omuzannyi wa firimu . Ye ne Nair be bazadde ba [[:en:New_York_City_Mayor|Meeya w'ekibuga New York]] [[Zohran Mamdani]] . == Obuto bwe n’okusoma == Mahmood Mamdani yazaalibwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1946 mu [[:en:Bombay|kibuga Bombay]] (kati Mumbai), Buyindi, ng’ebula omwaka gumu [[:en:British_Raj|enfuga ya Bungereza]] ekome. <ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/education/news/mahmood-mamdani-education-and-career-path-how-zohran-mamdanis-father-built-a-legacy-of-revolution-through-ideas-and-exile/articleshow/122064130.cms "Mahmood Mamdani education and career path: How Zohran Mamdani's father built a legacy of revolution through ideas and exile"]. ''The Times of India''. 25 June 2025. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN&nbsp;]][https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-8257 0971-825]7. Retrieved 13 July 2025.</ref> <ref name="codesria">{{Cite web |title=Pr. Mahmood Mamdani (1998-2002) |url=https://codesria.org/pr-mahmood-mamdani-1998-2002/ |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> Yakulira mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=23 February 2021 |title=Mahmood Mamdani on Uganda |url=https://africasacountry.com/2011/04/mamdani-on-uganda |website=Africa is a Country}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Permanent Minorities and the Politics of Survivors: A conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://worldpeacefoundation.org/blog/permanent-minorities-and-the-politics-of-survivors-a-conversation-with-mahmood-mamdani/ |website=World Peace Foundation}}</ref> ng'omu ku [[:en:Indian_diaspora_in_Southeast_Africa|Bayindi ababundabunda mu bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba bwa Afrika]] . Bazadde be bombi, [[:en:Gujarati_Muslim|basiraamu Abagujarati]], baazaalibwa era ne bakulira mu kitundu kya Bungereza eky'amatwale ki [[:en:Tanganyika_Territory|Tanganyika]] (leero Tanzania). Abafumbo bano baagenda e Bombay olwo kitaawe n’asomerayo mu ttendekero ekkulu. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Chen |first=Kuan-Hsing |last2=Gao |first2=Shiming |last3=Tang |first3=Xiaolin |date=2016 |title=The formation of an African intellectual: an interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |journal=Inter-Asia Cultural Studies |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=456–480 |doi=10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref>Muhoozi, Mourice (6 March 2022). [https://www.watchdoguganda.com/news/20220306/131449/meet-ugandas-most-iconic-academician-prof-mahmood-mamdani.html "Meet Uganda's most Iconic academician, Prof. Mahmood Mamdani"]. ''Watchdog Uganda''</ref> Famire yaddayo e [[:en:Dar_es_Salaam|Dar es Salaam]], Tanganyika, nga Mamdani wa myaka ebiri, ne bagenda e Uganda nga wa myaka etaano oba mukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Mu kiseera ekyo, Uganda yali yayawulwamu okusinziira ku mawanga, omuli abantu gye babeera, amasomero, emizikiti, n’ebifo abaana we bazannyira. Okusoma kwe mu pulayimale, Mamdani yasooka kugenda mu [[:en:Madrasa|madarasa]], n’oluvannyuma mu Government Indian Primary School. <ref name=":8"/> Yakula ng'ayogera [[:en:Gujarati_language|Olugujarati]], [[:en:Urdu|Oluurdu]] [[:en:Swahili_language|n'Oluswayiri]] . Yatandika okusoma Olungereza mu kibiina eky’omukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Oluvannyuma lw’okusoma siniya ey’awansi, yasomera ku Old Kampala Senior Secondary School, gye yali omuwandiisi w’ekibiina kya Do-it-Yourself Physics. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uganda: Buganda And Uganda At Crossroads |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090826030635/http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |archive-date=26 August 2009 |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=AllAfrica}}</ref> Mamdani yali omu ku bayizi Bannayuganda 23 abaali mu kibiina kya [[:en:The_Kennedy_Airlift|Kennedy Airlift]] mu 1963, enteekateeka ya sikaala eyaweebwa ssente okuva mu Amerika eyaleetera ebikumi n’ebikumi by'abayizi okuva mu [[:en:East_Africa|Buvanjuba bwa Afrika]] okusomera ku yunivasite mu Amerika ne Canada wakati wa 1959 ne 1963. <ref name="indian tele">{{Cite web |last=Sen |first=Manjula |date=25 January 2009 |title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |archive-date=2 February 2009 |access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref> Mamdani yatikkirwa diguli ya Bachelor of Arts okuva mu [[:en:University_of_Pittsburgh|Yunivasite y’e Pittsburgh]] <ref name="codesria"/> mu 1967. <ref>{{Cite book |date=1 January 2010 |title=International Encyclopedia of Civil Society |url=https://link.springer.com/referencework/10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |vauthors=((Anheier, H. K.)), ((Toepler, S.)) |publisher=Springer US |isbn=978-0-387-93994-0 |editor-last=Anheier |editor-first=Helmut K. |doi=10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |editor-last2=Toepler |editor-first2=Stefan}}</ref> Yali omu ku bayizi abangi mu bukiikakkono bwa Amerika abaali mu lugendo lwa bbaasi mu bukiikaddyo okutuuka e [[:en:Montgomery,_Alabama|Montgomery, Alabama]], olwategekebwa [[:en:Student_Nonviolent_Coordinating_Committee|akakiiko akakwasaganya abayizi abatali ba ffujjo]] mu Gwokusatu 1965 okwetaba mu kaweefube w'okulwanirira [[:en:Civil_rights_movement|eddembe ly’obuntu]] . Kino kyaliwo mu kiseera ky’okutambula okuva e [[:en:Selma_to_Montgomery_marches|Selma okutuuka e Montgomery]], naye nga kyo kya njawulo. Yasibibwa mu kkomera mu kutambula kuno era n’akkirizibwa okukuba essimu. Mamdani yakubira [[:en:Embassy_of_Uganda,_Washington,_D.C.|omubaka wa Uganda]] e [[:en:Washington,_DC|Washington, DC]], amuyambe. Omubaka yamubuuza lwaki "ayingirira ensonga z'omunda mu nsi engwira", n'amuddamu nti teyali nsonga ya munda wabula olutalo lw'eddembe era nti nabo eddembe lyabwe baali bakalifuna omwaka ogwakaggwa. <ref name="pambazuka">{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=28 April 2007 |title=The Asian question again: A reflection |url=http://www.pambazuka.org/en/category/comment/41273 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]] (Uganda) |via=pambazuka.org}}</ref> Amangu ddala nga wayiseewo akaseera katono, Mamdani yategeera ku mulimu gwa [[:en:Karl_Marx|Karl Marx]] okuva mu kukyala kwe ku FBI. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Shringarpure |first=Bhakti |author-link=Bhakti Shringarpure |date=15 July 2013 |title=In Conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.warscapes.com/conversations/conversation-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=6 November 2017 |website=Warscapes |language=en |quote=I thought the guy Marx had just died. […] So that was my introduction to Karl Marx.}}</ref> Yasomera ku [[:en:Fletcher_School_of_Law_and_Diplomacy|Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy]] mu [[:en:Tufts_University|Yunivasite ya Tufts]] era mu 1968 yatikkirwa diguli ya Master of Arts mu [[:en:Political_science|byobufuzi]] ne Master of Arts mu mateeka ne diplomacy mu 1969. Yafuna diguli ye [[:en:Doctor_of_philosophy|eyookusatu]] mu gavumenti okuva mu [[:en:Harvard_University|Yunivasite y'e Harvard]] mu 1974, wansi w’obulagirizi bwa [[:en:Karl_Deutsch|Karl Deutsch]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and class formation in Uganda |url=http://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=978-0-85345-378-9 |location=New York |via=Internet Archive}}</ref> Omulamwa kw'eyatambuliza ddiguli ye eyookusatu yagiwa omutwe "''Politics and Class Formation in Uganda."'' <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and Class Formation in Uganda |url=https://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=0-85345-378-0 |location=New York |oclc=2073894 |url-access=registration}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Allen |first=Judith Van |last2=Mamdani |first2=Mahmood |last3=Shivji |first3=Issa G. |date=November 1977 |title=Reviewed Works: Politics and Class Formation in Uganda. by Mahmood Mamdani; Class Struggles in Tanzania. by Issa G. Shivji |journal=Contemporary Sociology |publisher=American Sociological Association |volume=6 |issue=6 |pages=702 |doi=10.2307/2066367 |issn=0094-3061 |eissn=1939-8638 |jstor=2066367}}</ref> == Emirimu gye == Mamdani yakomawo mu Uganda ku ntandikwa ya 1972 era naweebwa omulimu ku [[Makerere University, Uganda|yunivasite y'e Makerere]] mu Kampala [[:en:Teaching_assistant|ng'ayambako omusomesa]], mu kiseera kye kimu yali akola ku kunoonyereza kwe okwa ddiguli eyookusatu. . Ye n’Abaasia abasinga obungi [[:en:Expulsion_of_Asians_from_Uganda|baagobebwa]] mu Uganda ku nkomerero y’omwaka ogwo [[Idi Amin]] olw’amawanga gaabwe; Amin yali agenderera "kuzzaawo" bizinensi n'ebintu. Mamdani yava mu Uganda n’agenda mu nkambi y’ababundabunda mu Bungereza ku ntandikwa y'omwezi Gwekkuminoogumu. <ref name="lrb2022">{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2022-10-06 |title=The Asian Question |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v44/n19/mahmood-mamdani/the-asian-question |journal=[[London Review of Books]] |language=en |volume=44 |issue=19 |issn=0260-9592 |access-date=2025-09-08}}</ref> Yava e Bungereza mu makkati ga 1973 oluvannyuma lw’okuyingizibwa mu [[:en:University_of_Dar_es_Salaam|Yunivasite y’e Dar es Salaam]] mu Tanzania. <ref name="pambazuka"/> <ref name="cas2018">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> <ref name="bio2">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> Mu Dar es Salaam, yamaliriza okuwandiika dissertation ye. Yali mujjumbize nnyo n’ebibiina ebiwakanya Amin. Mu 1979, yeetaba mu Ttabamiruka w’e Moshi ng’omutunuulizi. Yaddayo mu Uganda oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa ku bukulembeze oluvannyuma lw'olutalo lwa [[Olutalo lwa Uganda ne Tanzania|Uganda ne Tanzania]] mu 1979. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McCormack |first=Pete |date=17 October 2005 |title=Interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.petemccormack.com/interview_mamdani_001.htm |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=petemccormack.com}}</ref> <ref name="bio2" /> Mu kiseera kino, yakozesebwa ng'omutendeke mu kibiina kya [[:en:All_Africa_Conference_of_Churches|All Africa Conference of Churches]], omukago [[:en:Ecumenical_Christian|gw'Abakristaayo ogw'ensi yonna]] ogusangibwa e [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, ng'akolera mu ofiisi [[:en:Church_of_Uganda|y'Ekkanisa ya Uganda]] mu Kampala. <ref name="lrb2022"/> Okuva mu 1980 (oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa mu ntebe mu 1979) okutuuka mu 1993 yaddamu okukolera yunivasite y’e Makerere. <ref name="bio2"/> <ref name="lrb2022"/>​[[Milton Obote|​]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kagolo |first=Francis |date=8 February 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani to be honoured among Africa's best |url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/628869-prof-mamdani-to-be-honoured-among-africa-s-best.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]]}}</ref> Yaddayo e Dar es Salaam. Oluvannyuma lwa Obote okugobwa mu ntebe omulundi ogwokubiri, Mamdani yaddamu okudda mu Uganda mu Gwomukaaga 1986. <ref name="indian tele"/> Yali dayirekita eyatandikawo ekitongole kya Centre for Basic Research (CBR), ekitongole kya Uganda ekitali kya gavumenti ekyasooka mu kunoonyereza, mwe yaweereza okuva mu 1987 okutuuka mu 1996. <ref name="diaspora">{{Cite web |date=29 November 2012 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012 |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=ugandandiaspora.com}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> <ref name="csds">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Yaliko pulofeesa omugenyi ku [[:en:University_of_Durban-Westville|Yunivasite y’e Durban]] - [[:en:Westville,_KwaZulu-Natal|Westville]] mu South Africa (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka mu Gwomukaaga 1993), ku [[:en:Nehru_Memorial_Museum_&_Library|Nehru Memorial Museum & Library]] e New Delhi (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka Gwomukaaga 1995), ne mu [[:en:Princeton_University|Yunivasite y'e Princeton]] (1995–96). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vance |first=Dara |date=2015-11-20 |title=UK Committee on Social Theory Hosts Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://uknow.uky.edu/uk-happenings/uk-committee-social-theory-hosts-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=UKNow}}</ref> Mu 1996, yalondebwa okubeera omukulembeze w’entebe ya [[:en:Archibald_Campbell_Jordan|AC Jordan]] ey'ensoma y'Afirika mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y’e Cape Town]], <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 March 2011 |title=UCT in war over 'bantu education' |url=http://mg.co.za/article/2011-03-11-uct-in-war-over-bantu-education |access-date=22 March 2013}}</ref> era ku ntandikwa ya 1997 n’afuuka akulira [[:en:Centre_for_African_Studies|ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku by'ensoma y'Afirika]] (CAS). <ref name="uwn2018">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> Yavaawo oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obutakkaanya n'abasomesa (abasinga obungi abazungu) ku bbago ly'ensoma ye ey'omusomo ogw'omusingi ku Afrika oguyitibwa "Problematising Africa". <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=June 1, 1998 |title=Is African studies to be turned into a new home for Bantu education at UCT? |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/02533959808458649 |journal=Social Dynamics |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=63–75 |doi=10.1080/02533959808458649 |issn=0253-3952 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> Mamdani, eyalaga nti ensoma eriwo eya " [[:en:Bantu_Education_Act,_1953|Bantu studies]] " (mu kujjuliza ku kusomesa Abaddugavu wansi w'enfuga [[:en:Apartheid|y'obusosoze]] ) <ref name="cas2018" /> yayimirizibwa era okukkakkana ng'alekulidde. <ref name="davis2017">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> "Ensonga ya Mamdani" ekyayogerwako mu kukubaganya ebirowoozo ku [[:en:Decolonization_of_higher_education_in_South_Africa|kununula amatendekero aga waggulu okuva mu nsoma y'abamatwale]] . Oluvannyuma yagamba nti teyalina busungu ku muntu yenna, era yalina enkolagana ennungi ekiseera kye yamalayo. Yagamba nti obutakwatagana bwali ku njawulo mu ndowooza n'addala ensengeka y’ensoma ku bikwata ku kusoma South Africa ng’ensi ya Afrika. Oluvannyuma (2018) yakomezebwawo nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa asuutibwa. [ b ] <ref name="uwn2018" /> Mu 1999, Mamdani yalondebwa okuba dayirekita w’ekitongole ekikola ku by’okunoonyereza ku Afirika mu yunivasite ya Columbia, ekifo kye yalina okutuusa mu 2004. <ref name="uwn2018"/> Okuva olwo abadde asomesa eyo (nga 2025). <ref name="haag2025">{{Cite web |last=Haag |first=Matthew |last2=Goldberg |first2=Emma |date=27 June 2025 |title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |archive-date=7 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku mbeera z’abantu ekya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=18 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University]] |archive-date=2 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002055113/http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Agaba |first=John |title=Mamdani talks about his research legacy and work at Makerere |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20220329112608625 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="bio2"/> Okutuuka mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2025 [[:en:Columbia_University#Academics|pulofeesa wa Herbert Lehman mu Gavumenti]] era pulofeesa ku nkula y'abantu, okusoma saayansi w'ebyobufuzi [[:en:African_studies|n'okusoma ku Afirika]] ku [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]].<ref name="bio2" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Faculty Bio: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/anthropology/fac-bios/mamdani/faculty.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Era akola nga chancellor wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://kiu.ac.ug/news-page.php?i=press-release-kampala-international-university-kiu-appoints-prof-mahmood-mamdani-as-chancellor |access-date=24 August 2020 |publisher=[[Kampala International University]]}}</ref> == Okunoonyereza n'okuwandiika == Mamdani yeemalira mu kunoonyereza ku byobufuzi bya Afirika n'eby'ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw'amatwale]] [[:en:Postcolonialism|n'oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale]], n'ebyobufuzi by'ebyenfuna. Ebitabo bye byekenneenya enkolagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'ebyobuwangwa, okugeraageranya [[:en:Colonialism|okufugibwa kw'amatwale]] okuva mu 1452, ebyafaayo by'entalo z'omunda [[:en:Genocide|n'ekitta bantu]] mu Afirika, [[:en:Cold_War|Olutalo olw'Ensi Yonna olw'ebigambo]] [[:en:War_on_terror|n'olutalo ku butujju]], n'ebyafaayo by'eddembe ly'obuntu.<ref>vSneh, Itai Nartzizenfield (2008). [https://books.google.com/books?id=iax4AAAAMAAJ ''The Future Almost Arrived: How Jimmy Carter Failed to Change U.S. Foreign Policy''.] [[:en:Peter_Lang_(publishing_company)|Peter Lang]]. p. 169. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780820481852|9780820481852]]</bdi>.</ref> Okunoonyereza kwe okw'omwaka 2016 kwatandikira ku kitabo kye eky'omwaka 1996, [[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]. <ref>[http://polisci.columbia.edu/people/profile/96 "Mahmood Mamdani | Department of Political Science"]. ''polisci.columbia.edu''. Retrieved 21 January 2016.</ref>Mu kitabo ekyo, yagamba nti eggwanga eryafugibwa terisobola kutegeerwa nga tewekenenyeza bulungi eggwanga eryalifuga.Enkola y'obufuzi bw'amatwale mu Afirika yali eddamu okusoomoozebwa kw'ekibuuzo "ekikulu", era yagamba nti yafuuka "amawanga agaabuluziddwamu".<ref name=":0">Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. pp. 15–16. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|<bdi>9780852553992</bdi>.]]</ref>Kino kyali kikolebwa mu ngeri bbiri: ku ludda olumu nga bafuga butereevu, nga kino kyali kikolwa kya "buyinza" era nga kyali kigenderera okuggya abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo ku ddembe ly'obuntu eryali liweebwa abatuuze mu bitundu ebirala, ate ku ludda olulala nga bafuga mu ngeri etali y'abuteerevu, nga kino kyali kikolebwa mu byalo era nga kizingiramu okuyingiza "bannansi" mu "mateeka g'eggwanga" agaateekebwawo ab'obuyinza mu byalo, era nga kino yakiyita "obwannakyemalira obw'okugabanya obuyinza".<ref name=":0" /> Embeera eno yali "yakusika muguwa" era ng'erimu "engeri bbiri ez'obuyinza wansi w'obuyinza obumu".<ref name=":0" /> Oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale, ebibuga byali tebikyayawulamu bantu lwa langi naye ebyalo byali bikyafugibwa abakulembeze abaali mu nkwawa z'abafuzi b'amatwale, ka babe abakulembeze ab'ennono oba b'ebali bakwasizzaobuyinza nga balina ebiruubirirwa by'okufugisa omukono ogw'ekyuma.<ref>Clapham, Chris (1997). "Review: Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism by Mahmood Mamdani'". ''Royal Institute of International Affairs''. '''73''': 606.</ref>Mu ngeri eno obukulembeze bwonna bwaleeta enjawukana mu mawnga era n'ekutondawo obukulembeze bwabwe obw'enjawulo obwannakyemalira.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref> Mamdani yekennenya ebyafaayo mu South Africa ne Uganda okulaga nti obufuzi bw'amatwale bwakozesa obuyinza obuyitiridde era obuyinza obwo bweyongera okubaawo oluvannyuma lw'ameefuga.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. p. 37. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref>Ng’asomooza endowooza eza bulijjo ku busosoze mu South Afrika nga ez’enjawulo, agamba nti [[:en:Apartheid|obusosoze mu mawanga]] bwali ngeri ya bulijjo ey’ettwale lya Bulaaya mu Africa, nga lizingiramu ensonga [[:en:Indirect_rule|z’obufuzi obutali butereevu]] n’okukwatagana<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1 January 1996 |title=Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism |isbn=9780852553992 |pages=16–18}}</ref> Mu kitabo kye ekyafulumizibwa mu 2004 ekya ''Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: America, the Cold War, and the Roots of Terror'' Mamdani yagamba nti [[:en:Suicide_attack|abeetuze]] balina okumanyibwa "ng'ekika ky'omujaasi" era nti balina "okutegeerwa mu ngeri y'effujjo ly'ebyobufuzi ery'omulembe guno okusinga okuvumwavumwa ng'akabonero k'obukambwe". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bickerton |first=James |date=2025-07-11 |title=Zohran Mamdani's father's remark about suicide bombers comes under scrutiny |url=https://www.newsweek.com/zohran-mamdani-father-remark-about-suicide-bombers-comes-under-scrutiny-2097793 |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref> Omuyivu omu yagamba nti kino si kuwagira kwettisa bbomu wabula kwekenneenya okwanenya '"okusalawo kwa Amerika ku nkola y'ensonga z'ebweru naddala mu kiseera ky'olutalo olw'ebigambo", okutondawo embeera [[:en:Islamic_extremism|y'Obusiraamu obw'annalukalala]] [[:en:Political_violence|n'effujjo mu byobufuzi]] " mwe byakulaakulanira. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Murray |first=Conor |date=Jul 11, 2025 |title=Mahmood Mamdani's Work Does Not Advocate Violence, Expert Says |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/conormurray/2025/07/11/sequoias-maguire-unfairly-targets-zohran-mamdanis-father-fellow-academic-says/ |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko bye bifulumiddde mu ''[[:en:London_Review_of_Books|London Review of Books]]'' n'ekampuni ezifulumya ebitabo ebirala.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/contributors/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=London Review of Books |language=en-GB}}</ref> Okusinziira ku CAS, ebiwandiiko bya Mamdani "bibadde bikulu mu kusomebwa abayizi abali ku misomo gyabwe egya undergraduate ne Postgraduate ku UCT ssaako n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo ku nsoma y'ebyafaayo n'ebyobufuzi bya Afirika , nga banonyereza ku nkwatagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'obuwangwa, okugerageranya obufuzi bw'amatwale, entalo ez'omunda mu ggwanga n'ekittabantu mu Afirika".<ref name="uwn20182">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> == Emirimu gy'emirala == Okuva mu 1998 <ref name="bio22">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> oba 1999 okutuuka mu 2002, Mamdani yaweereza nga pulezidenti w'olukiiko olukulaakulanya okunoonyereza ku ssaayansi w'embeera z'abantu mu Afrika ([[:en:Council_for_the_Development_of_Social_Science_Research_in_Africa|Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa]]). <ref name="cas20182">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumineebiri 2001, yawa okwogera ku "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" mu lukungaana lwa [[:en:Nobel_Prize|Nobel Centennial Symposium]] e [[:en:Oslo|Oslo]], Norway. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 December 2001 |title=Speech by Dr. Mahmood Mamdani: "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/mediaplayer/index.php?id=1281 |access-date=24 March 2013 |publisher=Nobel Prize}}</ref> Mu Gwomwenda 2006, Mamdani yali omu ku boogezi abaayitibwa mu lukuŋŋaana lw’ekibiina kya [[:en:Ugandan_North_American_Association_(UNAA)|Uganda North American Association (UNAA)]] mu kibuga New York. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2006-09-05 |title=UNAA Convention was disorganised! |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/news/1141390/unaa-convention-disorganised |access-date=2026-02-18 |publisher=New Vision (Kampala)}}</ref> == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 59j506wj0eln7rqukbdwu428c6zf9ua 48671 48670 2026-05-03T09:02:54Z Charles Kalanzi 9748 48671 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mahmood Mamdani''' [ a ] FBA (yazaalibwa 23 Ogwokuna 1946) munnayuganda [[:en:Anthropologist|omukugu mu by'enkula y'abantu]], munnaby'anjigiriza, era omukugu mu by'obufuzi. Ye Herbert Lehman Pulofeesa wa Gavumenti era pulofeesa w’ensonga z'ekikula ky'abantu, [[:en:Political_science|ssaayansi w’ebyobufuzi]], n’okunoonyereza [[:en:African_studies|ku nsoma y'Afirika]] mu [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]] . Era akola nga Ccansala wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda, era nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa ku Center for African Studis mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y'e Cape Town]] . Emabegako yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole kya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. Mamdani mukugu mu kusoma ebyobufuzi bya Afrika n’ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw’amatwale]] n’oluvannyuma [[:en:Postcolonialism|lw'obufuzi bw’amatwale]], n’ebyobufuzi [[:en:Knowledge_economy|by’ebyenfuna]] . Mufumbo nga mukazi we ye [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]] omuzannyi wa firimu . Ye ne Nair be bazadde ba [[:en:New_York_City_Mayor|Meeya w'ekibuga New York]] [[Zohran Mamdani]] . == Obuto bwe n’okusoma == Mahmood Mamdani yazaalibwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1946 mu [[:en:Bombay|kibuga Bombay]] (kati Mumbai), Buyindi, ng’ebula omwaka gumu [[:en:British_Raj|enfuga ya Bungereza]] ekome. <ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/education/news/mahmood-mamdani-education-and-career-path-how-zohran-mamdanis-father-built-a-legacy-of-revolution-through-ideas-and-exile/articleshow/122064130.cms "Mahmood Mamdani education and career path: How Zohran Mamdani's father built a legacy of revolution through ideas and exile"]. ''The Times of India''. 25 June 2025. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN&nbsp;]][https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-8257 0971-825]7. Retrieved 13 July 2025.</ref> <ref name="codesria">{{Cite web |title=Pr. Mahmood Mamdani (1998-2002) |url=https://codesria.org/pr-mahmood-mamdani-1998-2002/ |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> Yakulira mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=23 February 2021 |title=Mahmood Mamdani on Uganda |url=https://africasacountry.com/2011/04/mamdani-on-uganda |website=Africa is a Country}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Permanent Minorities and the Politics of Survivors: A conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://worldpeacefoundation.org/blog/permanent-minorities-and-the-politics-of-survivors-a-conversation-with-mahmood-mamdani/ |website=World Peace Foundation}}</ref> ng'omu ku [[:en:Indian_diaspora_in_Southeast_Africa|Bayindi ababundabunda mu bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba bwa Afrika]] . Bazadde be bombi, [[:en:Gujarati_Muslim|basiraamu Abagujarati]], baazaalibwa era ne bakulira mu kitundu kya Bungereza eky'amatwale ki [[:en:Tanganyika_Territory|Tanganyika]] (leero Tanzania). Abafumbo bano baagenda e Bombay olwo kitaawe n’asomerayo mu ttendekero ekkulu. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Chen |first=Kuan-Hsing |last2=Gao |first2=Shiming |last3=Tang |first3=Xiaolin |date=2016 |title=The formation of an African intellectual: an interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |journal=Inter-Asia Cultural Studies |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=456–480 |doi=10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref>Muhoozi, Mourice (6 March 2022). [https://www.watchdoguganda.com/news/20220306/131449/meet-ugandas-most-iconic-academician-prof-mahmood-mamdani.html "Meet Uganda's most Iconic academician, Prof. Mahmood Mamdani"]. ''Watchdog Uganda''</ref> Famire yaddayo e [[:en:Dar_es_Salaam|Dar es Salaam]], Tanganyika, nga Mamdani wa myaka ebiri, ne bagenda e Uganda nga wa myaka etaano oba mukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Mu kiseera ekyo, Uganda yali yayawulwamu okusinziira ku mawanga, omuli abantu gye babeera, amasomero, emizikiti, n’ebifo abaana we bazannyira. Okusoma kwe mu pulayimale, Mamdani yasooka kugenda mu [[:en:Madrasa|madarasa]], n’oluvannyuma mu Government Indian Primary School. <ref name=":8"/> Yakula ng'ayogera [[:en:Gujarati_language|Olugujarati]], [[:en:Urdu|Oluurdu]] [[:en:Swahili_language|n'Oluswayiri]] . Yatandika okusoma Olungereza mu kibiina eky’omukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Oluvannyuma lw’okusoma siniya ey’awansi, yasomera ku Old Kampala Senior Secondary School, gye yali omuwandiisi w’ekibiina kya Do-it-Yourself Physics. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uganda: Buganda And Uganda At Crossroads |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090826030635/http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |archive-date=26 August 2009 |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=AllAfrica}}</ref> Mamdani yali omu ku bayizi Bannayuganda 23 abaali mu kibiina kya [[:en:The_Kennedy_Airlift|Kennedy Airlift]] mu 1963, enteekateeka ya sikaala eyaweebwa ssente okuva mu Amerika eyaleetera ebikumi n’ebikumi by'abayizi okuva mu [[:en:East_Africa|Buvanjuba bwa Afrika]] okusomera ku yunivasite mu Amerika ne Canada wakati wa 1959 ne 1963. <ref name="indian tele">{{Cite web |last=Sen |first=Manjula |date=25 January 2009 |title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |archive-date=2 February 2009 |access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref> Mamdani yatikkirwa diguli ya Bachelor of Arts okuva mu [[:en:University_of_Pittsburgh|Yunivasite y’e Pittsburgh]] <ref name="codesria"/> mu 1967. <ref>{{Cite book |date=1 January 2010 |title=International Encyclopedia of Civil Society |url=https://link.springer.com/referencework/10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |vauthors=((Anheier, H. K.)), ((Toepler, S.)) |publisher=Springer US |isbn=978-0-387-93994-0 |editor-last=Anheier |editor-first=Helmut K. |doi=10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |editor-last2=Toepler |editor-first2=Stefan}}</ref> Yali omu ku bayizi abangi mu bukiikakkono bwa Amerika abaali mu lugendo lwa bbaasi mu bukiikaddyo okutuuka e [[:en:Montgomery,_Alabama|Montgomery, Alabama]], olwategekebwa [[:en:Student_Nonviolent_Coordinating_Committee|akakiiko akakwasaganya abayizi abatali ba ffujjo]] mu Gwokusatu 1965 okwetaba mu kaweefube w'okulwanirira [[:en:Civil_rights_movement|eddembe ly’obuntu]] . Kino kyaliwo mu kiseera ky’okutambula okuva e [[:en:Selma_to_Montgomery_marches|Selma okutuuka e Montgomery]], naye nga kyo kya njawulo. Yasibibwa mu kkomera mu kutambula kuno era n’akkirizibwa okukuba essimu. Mamdani yakubira [[:en:Embassy_of_Uganda,_Washington,_D.C.|omubaka wa Uganda]] e [[:en:Washington,_DC|Washington, DC]], amuyambe. Omubaka yamubuuza lwaki "ayingirira ensonga z'omunda mu nsi engwira", n'amuddamu nti teyali nsonga ya munda wabula olutalo lw'eddembe era nti nabo eddembe lyabwe baali bakalifuna omwaka ogwakaggwa. <ref name="pambazuka">{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=28 April 2007 |title=The Asian question again: A reflection |url=http://www.pambazuka.org/en/category/comment/41273 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]] (Uganda) |via=pambazuka.org}}</ref> Amangu ddala nga wayiseewo akaseera katono, Mamdani yategeera ku mulimu gwa [[:en:Karl_Marx|Karl Marx]] okuva mu kukyala kwe ku FBI. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Shringarpure |first=Bhakti |author-link=Bhakti Shringarpure |date=15 July 2013 |title=In Conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.warscapes.com/conversations/conversation-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=6 November 2017 |website=Warscapes |language=en |quote=I thought the guy Marx had just died. […] So that was my introduction to Karl Marx.}}</ref> Yasomera ku [[:en:Fletcher_School_of_Law_and_Diplomacy|Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy]] mu [[:en:Tufts_University|Yunivasite ya Tufts]] era mu 1968 yatikkirwa diguli ya Master of Arts mu [[:en:Political_science|byobufuzi]] ne Master of Arts mu mateeka ne diplomacy mu 1969. Yafuna diguli ye [[:en:Doctor_of_philosophy|eyookusatu]] mu gavumenti okuva mu [[:en:Harvard_University|Yunivasite y'e Harvard]] mu 1974, wansi w’obulagirizi bwa [[:en:Karl_Deutsch|Karl Deutsch]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and class formation in Uganda |url=http://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=978-0-85345-378-9 |location=New York |via=Internet Archive}}</ref> Omulamwa kw'eyatambuliza ddiguli ye eyookusatu yagiwa omutwe "''Politics and Class Formation in Uganda."'' <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and Class Formation in Uganda |url=https://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=0-85345-378-0 |location=New York |oclc=2073894 |url-access=registration}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Allen |first=Judith Van |last2=Mamdani |first2=Mahmood |last3=Shivji |first3=Issa G. |date=November 1977 |title=Reviewed Works: Politics and Class Formation in Uganda. by Mahmood Mamdani; Class Struggles in Tanzania. by Issa G. Shivji |journal=Contemporary Sociology |publisher=American Sociological Association |volume=6 |issue=6 |pages=702 |doi=10.2307/2066367 |issn=0094-3061 |eissn=1939-8638 |jstor=2066367}}</ref> == Emirimu gye == Mamdani yakomawo mu Uganda ku ntandikwa ya 1972 era naweebwa omulimu ku [[Makerere University, Uganda|yunivasite y'e Makerere]] mu Kampala [[:en:Teaching_assistant|ng'ayambako omusomesa]], mu kiseera kye kimu yali akola ku kunoonyereza kwe okwa ddiguli eyookusatu. . Ye n’Abaasia abasinga obungi [[:en:Expulsion_of_Asians_from_Uganda|baagobebwa]] mu Uganda ku nkomerero y’omwaka ogwo [[Idi Amin]] olw’amawanga gaabwe; Amin yali agenderera "kuzzaawo" bizinensi n'ebintu. Mamdani yava mu Uganda n’agenda mu nkambi y’ababundabunda mu Bungereza ku ntandikwa y'omwezi Gwekkuminoogumu. <ref name="lrb2022">{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2022-10-06 |title=The Asian Question |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v44/n19/mahmood-mamdani/the-asian-question |journal=[[London Review of Books]] |language=en |volume=44 |issue=19 |issn=0260-9592 |access-date=2025-09-08}}</ref> Yava e Bungereza mu makkati ga 1973 oluvannyuma lw’okuyingizibwa mu [[:en:University_of_Dar_es_Salaam|Yunivasite y’e Dar es Salaam]] mu Tanzania. <ref name="pambazuka"/> <ref name="cas2018">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> <ref name="bio2">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> Mu Dar es Salaam, yamaliriza okuwandiika dissertation ye. Yali mujjumbize nnyo n’ebibiina ebiwakanya Amin. Mu 1979, yeetaba mu Ttabamiruka w’e Moshi ng’omutunuulizi. Yaddayo mu Uganda oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa ku bukulembeze oluvannyuma lw'olutalo lwa [[Olutalo lwa Uganda ne Tanzania|Uganda ne Tanzania]] mu 1979. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McCormack |first=Pete |date=17 October 2005 |title=Interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.petemccormack.com/interview_mamdani_001.htm |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=petemccormack.com}}</ref> <ref name="bio2" /> Mu kiseera kino, yakozesebwa ng'omutendeke mu kibiina kya [[:en:All_Africa_Conference_of_Churches|All Africa Conference of Churches]], omukago [[:en:Ecumenical_Christian|gw'Abakristaayo ogw'ensi yonna]] ogusangibwa e [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, ng'akolera mu ofiisi [[:en:Church_of_Uganda|y'Ekkanisa ya Uganda]] mu Kampala. <ref name="lrb2022"/> Okuva mu 1980 (oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa mu ntebe mu 1979) okutuuka mu 1993 yaddamu okukolera yunivasite y’e Makerere. <ref name="bio2"/> <ref name="lrb2022"/>​[[Milton Obote|​]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kagolo |first=Francis |date=8 February 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani to be honoured among Africa's best |url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/628869-prof-mamdani-to-be-honoured-among-africa-s-best.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]]}}</ref> Yaddayo e Dar es Salaam. Oluvannyuma lwa Obote okugobwa mu ntebe omulundi ogwokubiri, Mamdani yaddamu okudda mu Uganda mu Gwomukaaga 1986. <ref name="indian tele"/> Yali dayirekita eyatandikawo ekitongole kya Centre for Basic Research (CBR), ekitongole kya Uganda ekitali kya gavumenti ekyasooka mu kunoonyereza, mwe yaweereza okuva mu 1987 okutuuka mu 1996. <ref name="diaspora">{{Cite web |date=29 November 2012 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012 |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=ugandandiaspora.com}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> <ref name="csds">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Yaliko pulofeesa omugenyi ku [[:en:University_of_Durban-Westville|Yunivasite y’e Durban]] - [[:en:Westville,_KwaZulu-Natal|Westville]] mu South Africa (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka mu Gwomukaaga 1993), ku [[:en:Nehru_Memorial_Museum_&_Library|Nehru Memorial Museum & Library]] e New Delhi (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka Gwomukaaga 1995), ne mu [[:en:Princeton_University|Yunivasite y'e Princeton]] (1995–96). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vance |first=Dara |date=2015-11-20 |title=UK Committee on Social Theory Hosts Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://uknow.uky.edu/uk-happenings/uk-committee-social-theory-hosts-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=UKNow}}</ref> Mu 1996, yalondebwa okubeera omukulembeze w’entebe ya [[:en:Archibald_Campbell_Jordan|AC Jordan]] ey'ensoma y'Afirika mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y’e Cape Town]], <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 March 2011 |title=UCT in war over 'bantu education' |url=http://mg.co.za/article/2011-03-11-uct-in-war-over-bantu-education |access-date=22 March 2013}}</ref> era ku ntandikwa ya 1997 n’afuuka akulira [[:en:Centre_for_African_Studies|ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku by'ensoma y'Afirika]] (CAS). <ref name="uwn2018">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> Yavaawo oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obutakkaanya n'abasomesa (abasinga obungi abazungu) ku bbago ly'ensoma ye ey'omusomo ogw'omusingi ku Afrika oguyitibwa "Problematising Africa". <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=June 1, 1998 |title=Is African studies to be turned into a new home for Bantu education at UCT? |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/02533959808458649 |journal=Social Dynamics |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=63–75 |doi=10.1080/02533959808458649 |issn=0253-3952 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> Mamdani, eyalaga nti ensoma eriwo eya " [[:en:Bantu_Education_Act,_1953|Bantu studies]] " (mu kujjuliza ku kusomesa Abaddugavu wansi w'enfuga [[:en:Apartheid|y'obusosoze]] ) <ref name="cas2018" /> yayimirizibwa era okukkakkana ng'alekulidde. <ref name="davis2017">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> "Ensonga ya Mamdani" ekyayogerwako mu kukubaganya ebirowoozo ku [[:en:Decolonization_of_higher_education_in_South_Africa|kununula amatendekero aga waggulu okuva mu nsoma y'abamatwale]] . Oluvannyuma yagamba nti teyalina busungu ku muntu yenna, era yalina enkolagana ennungi ekiseera kye yamalayo. Yagamba nti obutakwatagana bwali ku njawulo mu ndowooza n'addala ensengeka y’ensoma ku bikwata ku kusoma South Africa ng’ensi ya Afrika. Oluvannyuma (2018) yakomezebwawo nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa asuutibwa. [ b ] <ref name="uwn2018" /> Mu 1999, Mamdani yalondebwa okuba dayirekita w’ekitongole ekikola ku by’okunoonyereza ku Afirika mu yunivasite ya Columbia, ekifo kye yalina okutuusa mu 2004. <ref name="uwn2018"/> Okuva olwo abadde asomesa eyo (nga 2025). <ref name="haag2025">{{Cite web |last=Haag |first=Matthew |last2=Goldberg |first2=Emma |date=27 June 2025 |title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |archive-date=7 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku mbeera z’abantu ekya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=18 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University]] |archive-date=2 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002055113/http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Agaba |first=John |title=Mamdani talks about his research legacy and work at Makerere |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20220329112608625 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="bio2"/> Okutuuka mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2025 [[:en:Columbia_University#Academics|pulofeesa wa Herbert Lehman mu Gavumenti]] era pulofeesa ku nkula y'abantu, okusoma saayansi w'ebyobufuzi [[:en:African_studies|n'okusoma ku Afirika]] ku [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]].<ref name="bio2" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Faculty Bio: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/anthropology/fac-bios/mamdani/faculty.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Era akola nga chancellor wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://kiu.ac.ug/news-page.php?i=press-release-kampala-international-university-kiu-appoints-prof-mahmood-mamdani-as-chancellor |access-date=24 August 2020 |publisher=[[Kampala International University]]}}</ref> == Okunoonyereza n'okuwandiika == Mamdani yeemalira mu kunoonyereza ku byobufuzi bya Afirika n'eby'ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw'amatwale]] [[:en:Postcolonialism|n'oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale]], n'ebyobufuzi by'ebyenfuna. Ebitabo bye byekenneenya enkolagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'ebyobuwangwa, okugeraageranya [[:en:Colonialism|okufugibwa kw'amatwale]] okuva mu 1452, ebyafaayo by'entalo z'omunda [[:en:Genocide|n'ekitta bantu]] mu Afirika, [[:en:Cold_War|Olutalo olw'Ensi Yonna olw'ebigambo]] [[:en:War_on_terror|n'olutalo ku butujju]], n'ebyafaayo by'eddembe ly'obuntu.<ref>vSneh, Itai Nartzizenfield (2008). [https://books.google.com/books?id=iax4AAAAMAAJ ''The Future Almost Arrived: How Jimmy Carter Failed to Change U.S. Foreign Policy''.] [[:en:Peter_Lang_(publishing_company)|Peter Lang]]. p. 169. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780820481852|9780820481852]]</bdi>.</ref> Okunoonyereza kwe okw'omwaka 2016 kwatandikira ku kitabo kye eky'omwaka 1996, [[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]. <ref>[http://polisci.columbia.edu/people/profile/96 "Mahmood Mamdani | Department of Political Science"]. ''polisci.columbia.edu''. Retrieved 21 January 2016.</ref>Mu kitabo ekyo, yagamba nti eggwanga eryafugibwa terisobola kutegeerwa nga tewekenenyeza bulungi eggwanga eryalifuga.Enkola y'obufuzi bw'amatwale mu Afirika yali eddamu okusoomoozebwa kw'ekibuuzo "ekikulu", era yagamba nti yafuuka "amawanga agaabuluziddwamu".<ref name=":0">Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. pp. 15–16. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|<bdi>9780852553992</bdi>.]]</ref>Kino kyali kikolebwa mu ngeri bbiri: ku ludda olumu nga bafuga butereevu, nga kino kyali kikolwa kya "buyinza" era nga kyali kigenderera okuggya abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo ku ddembe ly'obuntu eryali liweebwa abatuuze mu bitundu ebirala, ate ku ludda olulala nga bafuga mu ngeri etali y'abuteerevu, nga kino kyali kikolebwa mu byalo era nga kizingiramu okuyingiza "bannansi" mu "mateeka g'eggwanga" agaateekebwawo ab'obuyinza mu byalo, era nga kino yakiyita "obwannakyemalira obw'okugabanya obuyinza".<ref name=":0" /> Embeera eno yali "yakusika muguwa" era ng'erimu "engeri bbiri ez'obuyinza wansi w'obuyinza obumu".<ref name=":0" /> Oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale, ebibuga byali tebikyayawulamu bantu lwa langi naye ebyalo byali bikyafugibwa abakulembeze abaali mu nkwawa z'abafuzi b'amatwale, ka babe abakulembeze ab'ennono oba b'ebali bakwasizzaobuyinza nga balina ebiruubirirwa by'okufugisa omukono ogw'ekyuma.<ref>Clapham, Chris (1997). "Review: Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism by Mahmood Mamdani'". ''Royal Institute of International Affairs''. '''73''': 606.</ref>Mu ngeri eno obukulembeze bwonna bwaleeta enjawukana mu mawnga era n'ekutondawo obukulembeze bwabwe obw'enjawulo obwannakyemalira.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref> Mamdani yekennenya ebyafaayo mu South Africa ne Uganda okulaga nti obufuzi bw'amatwale bwakozesa obuyinza obuyitiridde era obuyinza obwo bweyongera okubaawo oluvannyuma lw'ameefuga.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. p. 37. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref>Ng’asomooza endowooza eza bulijjo ku busosoze mu South Afrika nga ez’enjawulo, agamba nti [[:en:Apartheid|obusosoze mu mawanga]] bwali ngeri ya bulijjo ey’ettwale lya Bulaaya mu Africa, nga lizingiramu ensonga [[:en:Indirect_rule|z’obufuzi obutali butereevu]] n’okukwatagana<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1 January 1996 |title=Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism |isbn=9780852553992 |pages=16–18}}</ref> Mu kitabo kye ekyafulumizibwa mu 2004 ekya ''Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: America, the Cold War, and the Roots of Terror'' Mamdani yagamba nti [[:en:Suicide_attack|abeetuze]] balina okumanyibwa "ng'ekika ky'omujaasi" era nti balina "okutegeerwa mu ngeri y'effujjo ly'ebyobufuzi ery'omulembe guno okusinga okuvumwavumwa ng'akabonero k'obukambwe". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bickerton |first=James |date=2025-07-11 |title=Zohran Mamdani's father's remark about suicide bombers comes under scrutiny |url=https://www.newsweek.com/zohran-mamdani-father-remark-about-suicide-bombers-comes-under-scrutiny-2097793 |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref> Omuyivu omu yagamba nti kino si kuwagira kwettisa bbomu wabula kwekenneenya okwanenya '"okusalawo kwa Amerika ku nkola y'ensonga z'ebweru naddala mu kiseera ky'olutalo olw'ebigambo", okutondawo embeera [[:en:Islamic_extremism|y'Obusiraamu obw'annalukalala]] [[:en:Political_violence|n'effujjo mu byobufuzi]] " mwe byakulaakulanira. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Murray |first=Conor |date=Jul 11, 2025 |title=Mahmood Mamdani's Work Does Not Advocate Violence, Expert Says |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/conormurray/2025/07/11/sequoias-maguire-unfairly-targets-zohran-mamdanis-father-fellow-academic-says/ |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko bye bifulumiddde mu ''[[:en:London_Review_of_Books|London Review of Books]]'' n'ekampuni ezifulumya ebitabo ebirala.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/contributors/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=London Review of Books |language=en-GB}}</ref> Okusinziira ku CAS, ebiwandiiko bya Mamdani "bibadde bikulu mu kusomebwa abayizi abali ku misomo gyabwe egya undergraduate ne Postgraduate ku UCT ssaako n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo ku nsoma y'ebyafaayo n'ebyobufuzi bya Afirika , nga banonyereza ku nkwatagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'obuwangwa, okugerageranya obufuzi bw'amatwale, entalo ez'omunda mu ggwanga n'ekittabantu mu Afirika".<ref name="uwn20182">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> == Emirimu gy'emirala == Okuva mu 1998 <ref name="bio22">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> oba 1999 okutuuka mu 2002, Mamdani yaweereza nga pulezidenti w'olukiiko olukulaakulanya okunoonyereza ku ssaayansi w'embeera z'abantu mu Afrika ([[:en:Council_for_the_Development_of_Social_Science_Research_in_Africa|Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa]]). <ref name="cas20182">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumineebiri 2001, yawa okwogera ku "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" mu lukungaana lwa [[:en:Nobel_Prize|Nobel Centennial Symposium]] e [[:en:Oslo|Oslo]], Norway. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 December 2001 |title=Speech by Dr. Mahmood Mamdani: "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/mediaplayer/index.php?id=1281 |access-date=24 March 2013 |publisher=Nobel Prize}}</ref> Mu Gwomwenda 2006, Mamdani yali omu ku boogezi abaayitibwa mu lukuŋŋaana lw’ekibiina kya [[:en:Ugandan_North_American_Association_(UNAA)|Uganda North American Association (UNAA)]] mu kibuga New York. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2006-09-05 |title=UNAA Convention was disorganised! |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/news/1141390/unaa-convention-disorganised |access-date=2026-02-18 |publisher=New Vision (Kampala)}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano 2011, mu kiseera okwekalakaasa okwali mu kibangirizi kya Tahrir mu kibuga Cairo, Misiri, Mamdani yayitibwa okuwa emboozi mu Yunivasite y’Amerika e Cairo . == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] p4nr4d7dqjp1piu446cymeniibe67m1 48672 48671 2026-05-03T09:05:14Z Charles Kalanzi 9748 48672 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mahmood Mamdani''' [ a ] FBA (yazaalibwa 23 Ogwokuna 1946) munnayuganda [[:en:Anthropologist|omukugu mu by'enkula y'abantu]], munnaby'anjigiriza, era omukugu mu by'obufuzi. Ye Herbert Lehman Pulofeesa wa Gavumenti era pulofeesa w’ensonga z'ekikula ky'abantu, [[:en:Political_science|ssaayansi w’ebyobufuzi]], n’okunoonyereza [[:en:African_studies|ku nsoma y'Afirika]] mu [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]] . Era akola nga Ccansala wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda, era nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa ku Center for African Studis mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y'e Cape Town]] . Emabegako yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole kya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. Mamdani mukugu mu kusoma ebyobufuzi bya Afrika n’ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw’amatwale]] n’oluvannyuma [[:en:Postcolonialism|lw'obufuzi bw’amatwale]], n’ebyobufuzi [[:en:Knowledge_economy|by’ebyenfuna]] . Mufumbo nga mukazi we ye [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]] omuzannyi wa firimu . Ye ne Nair be bazadde ba [[:en:New_York_City_Mayor|Meeya w'ekibuga New York]] [[Zohran Mamdani]] . == Obuto bwe n’okusoma == Mahmood Mamdani yazaalibwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1946 mu [[:en:Bombay|kibuga Bombay]] (kati Mumbai), Buyindi, ng’ebula omwaka gumu [[:en:British_Raj|enfuga ya Bungereza]] ekome. <ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/education/news/mahmood-mamdani-education-and-career-path-how-zohran-mamdanis-father-built-a-legacy-of-revolution-through-ideas-and-exile/articleshow/122064130.cms "Mahmood Mamdani education and career path: How Zohran Mamdani's father built a legacy of revolution through ideas and exile"]. ''The Times of India''. 25 June 2025. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN&nbsp;]][https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-8257 0971-825]7. Retrieved 13 July 2025.</ref> <ref name="codesria">{{Cite web |title=Pr. Mahmood Mamdani (1998-2002) |url=https://codesria.org/pr-mahmood-mamdani-1998-2002/ |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> Yakulira mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=23 February 2021 |title=Mahmood Mamdani on Uganda |url=https://africasacountry.com/2011/04/mamdani-on-uganda |website=Africa is a Country}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Permanent Minorities and the Politics of Survivors: A conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://worldpeacefoundation.org/blog/permanent-minorities-and-the-politics-of-survivors-a-conversation-with-mahmood-mamdani/ |website=World Peace Foundation}}</ref> ng'omu ku [[:en:Indian_diaspora_in_Southeast_Africa|Bayindi ababundabunda mu bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba bwa Afrika]] . Bazadde be bombi, [[:en:Gujarati_Muslim|basiraamu Abagujarati]], baazaalibwa era ne bakulira mu kitundu kya Bungereza eky'amatwale ki [[:en:Tanganyika_Territory|Tanganyika]] (leero Tanzania). Abafumbo bano baagenda e Bombay olwo kitaawe n’asomerayo mu ttendekero ekkulu. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Chen |first=Kuan-Hsing |last2=Gao |first2=Shiming |last3=Tang |first3=Xiaolin |date=2016 |title=The formation of an African intellectual: an interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |journal=Inter-Asia Cultural Studies |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=456–480 |doi=10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref>Muhoozi, Mourice (6 March 2022). [https://www.watchdoguganda.com/news/20220306/131449/meet-ugandas-most-iconic-academician-prof-mahmood-mamdani.html "Meet Uganda's most Iconic academician, Prof. Mahmood Mamdani"]. ''Watchdog Uganda''</ref> Famire yaddayo e [[:en:Dar_es_Salaam|Dar es Salaam]], Tanganyika, nga Mamdani wa myaka ebiri, ne bagenda e Uganda nga wa myaka etaano oba mukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Mu kiseera ekyo, Uganda yali yayawulwamu okusinziira ku mawanga, omuli abantu gye babeera, amasomero, emizikiti, n’ebifo abaana we bazannyira. Okusoma kwe mu pulayimale, Mamdani yasooka kugenda mu [[:en:Madrasa|madarasa]], n’oluvannyuma mu Government Indian Primary School. <ref name=":8"/> Yakula ng'ayogera [[:en:Gujarati_language|Olugujarati]], [[:en:Urdu|Oluurdu]] [[:en:Swahili_language|n'Oluswayiri]] . Yatandika okusoma Olungereza mu kibiina eky’omukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Oluvannyuma lw’okusoma siniya ey’awansi, yasomera ku Old Kampala Senior Secondary School, gye yali omuwandiisi w’ekibiina kya Do-it-Yourself Physics. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uganda: Buganda And Uganda At Crossroads |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090826030635/http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |archive-date=26 August 2009 |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=AllAfrica}}</ref> Mamdani yali omu ku bayizi Bannayuganda 23 abaali mu kibiina kya [[:en:The_Kennedy_Airlift|Kennedy Airlift]] mu 1963, enteekateeka ya sikaala eyaweebwa ssente okuva mu Amerika eyaleetera ebikumi n’ebikumi by'abayizi okuva mu [[:en:East_Africa|Buvanjuba bwa Afrika]] okusomera ku yunivasite mu Amerika ne Canada wakati wa 1959 ne 1963. <ref name="indian tele">{{Cite web |last=Sen |first=Manjula |date=25 January 2009 |title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |archive-date=2 February 2009 |access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref> Mamdani yatikkirwa diguli ya Bachelor of Arts okuva mu [[:en:University_of_Pittsburgh|Yunivasite y’e Pittsburgh]] <ref name="codesria"/> mu 1967. <ref>{{Cite book |date=1 January 2010 |title=International Encyclopedia of Civil Society |url=https://link.springer.com/referencework/10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |vauthors=((Anheier, H. K.)), ((Toepler, S.)) |publisher=Springer US |isbn=978-0-387-93994-0 |editor-last=Anheier |editor-first=Helmut K. |doi=10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |editor-last2=Toepler |editor-first2=Stefan}}</ref> Yali omu ku bayizi abangi mu bukiikakkono bwa Amerika abaali mu lugendo lwa bbaasi mu bukiikaddyo okutuuka e [[:en:Montgomery,_Alabama|Montgomery, Alabama]], olwategekebwa [[:en:Student_Nonviolent_Coordinating_Committee|akakiiko akakwasaganya abayizi abatali ba ffujjo]] mu Gwokusatu 1965 okwetaba mu kaweefube w'okulwanirira [[:en:Civil_rights_movement|eddembe ly’obuntu]] . Kino kyaliwo mu kiseera ky’okutambula okuva e [[:en:Selma_to_Montgomery_marches|Selma okutuuka e Montgomery]], naye nga kyo kya njawulo. Yasibibwa mu kkomera mu kutambula kuno era n’akkirizibwa okukuba essimu. Mamdani yakubira [[:en:Embassy_of_Uganda,_Washington,_D.C.|omubaka wa Uganda]] e [[:en:Washington,_DC|Washington, DC]], amuyambe. Omubaka yamubuuza lwaki "ayingirira ensonga z'omunda mu nsi engwira", n'amuddamu nti teyali nsonga ya munda wabula olutalo lw'eddembe era nti nabo eddembe lyabwe baali bakalifuna omwaka ogwakaggwa. <ref name="pambazuka">{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=28 April 2007 |title=The Asian question again: A reflection |url=http://www.pambazuka.org/en/category/comment/41273 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]] (Uganda) |via=pambazuka.org}}</ref> Amangu ddala nga wayiseewo akaseera katono, Mamdani yategeera ku mulimu gwa [[:en:Karl_Marx|Karl Marx]] okuva mu kukyala kwe ku FBI. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Shringarpure |first=Bhakti |author-link=Bhakti Shringarpure |date=15 July 2013 |title=In Conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.warscapes.com/conversations/conversation-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=6 November 2017 |website=Warscapes |language=en |quote=I thought the guy Marx had just died. […] So that was my introduction to Karl Marx.}}</ref> Yasomera ku [[:en:Fletcher_School_of_Law_and_Diplomacy|Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy]] mu [[:en:Tufts_University|Yunivasite ya Tufts]] era mu 1968 yatikkirwa diguli ya Master of Arts mu [[:en:Political_science|byobufuzi]] ne Master of Arts mu mateeka ne diplomacy mu 1969. Yafuna diguli ye [[:en:Doctor_of_philosophy|eyookusatu]] mu gavumenti okuva mu [[:en:Harvard_University|Yunivasite y'e Harvard]] mu 1974, wansi w’obulagirizi bwa [[:en:Karl_Deutsch|Karl Deutsch]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and class formation in Uganda |url=http://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=978-0-85345-378-9 |location=New York |via=Internet Archive}}</ref> Omulamwa kw'eyatambuliza ddiguli ye eyookusatu yagiwa omutwe "''Politics and Class Formation in Uganda."'' <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and Class Formation in Uganda |url=https://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=0-85345-378-0 |location=New York |oclc=2073894 |url-access=registration}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Allen |first=Judith Van |last2=Mamdani |first2=Mahmood |last3=Shivji |first3=Issa G. |date=November 1977 |title=Reviewed Works: Politics and Class Formation in Uganda. by Mahmood Mamdani; Class Struggles in Tanzania. by Issa G. Shivji |journal=Contemporary Sociology |publisher=American Sociological Association |volume=6 |issue=6 |pages=702 |doi=10.2307/2066367 |issn=0094-3061 |eissn=1939-8638 |jstor=2066367}}</ref> == Emirimu gye == Mamdani yakomawo mu Uganda ku ntandikwa ya 1972 era naweebwa omulimu ku [[Makerere University, Uganda|yunivasite y'e Makerere]] mu Kampala [[:en:Teaching_assistant|ng'ayambako omusomesa]], mu kiseera kye kimu yali akola ku kunoonyereza kwe okwa ddiguli eyookusatu. . Ye n’Abaasia abasinga obungi [[:en:Expulsion_of_Asians_from_Uganda|baagobebwa]] mu Uganda ku nkomerero y’omwaka ogwo [[Idi Amin]] olw’amawanga gaabwe; Amin yali agenderera "kuzzaawo" bizinensi n'ebintu. Mamdani yava mu Uganda n’agenda mu nkambi y’ababundabunda mu Bungereza ku ntandikwa y'omwezi Gwekkuminoogumu. <ref name="lrb2022">{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2022-10-06 |title=The Asian Question |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v44/n19/mahmood-mamdani/the-asian-question |journal=[[London Review of Books]] |language=en |volume=44 |issue=19 |issn=0260-9592 |access-date=2025-09-08}}</ref> Yava e Bungereza mu makkati ga 1973 oluvannyuma lw’okuyingizibwa mu [[:en:University_of_Dar_es_Salaam|Yunivasite y’e Dar es Salaam]] mu Tanzania. <ref name="pambazuka"/> <ref name="cas2018">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> <ref name="bio2">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> Mu Dar es Salaam, yamaliriza okuwandiika dissertation ye. Yali mujjumbize nnyo n’ebibiina ebiwakanya Amin. Mu 1979, yeetaba mu Ttabamiruka w’e Moshi ng’omutunuulizi. Yaddayo mu Uganda oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa ku bukulembeze oluvannyuma lw'olutalo lwa [[Olutalo lwa Uganda ne Tanzania|Uganda ne Tanzania]] mu 1979. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McCormack |first=Pete |date=17 October 2005 |title=Interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.petemccormack.com/interview_mamdani_001.htm |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=petemccormack.com}}</ref> <ref name="bio2" /> Mu kiseera kino, yakozesebwa ng'omutendeke mu kibiina kya [[:en:All_Africa_Conference_of_Churches|All Africa Conference of Churches]], omukago [[:en:Ecumenical_Christian|gw'Abakristaayo ogw'ensi yonna]] ogusangibwa e [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, ng'akolera mu ofiisi [[:en:Church_of_Uganda|y'Ekkanisa ya Uganda]] mu Kampala. <ref name="lrb2022"/> Okuva mu 1980 (oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa mu ntebe mu 1979) okutuuka mu 1993 yaddamu okukolera yunivasite y’e Makerere. <ref name="bio2"/> <ref name="lrb2022"/>​[[Milton Obote|​]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kagolo |first=Francis |date=8 February 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani to be honoured among Africa's best |url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/628869-prof-mamdani-to-be-honoured-among-africa-s-best.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]]}}</ref> Yaddayo e Dar es Salaam. Oluvannyuma lwa Obote okugobwa mu ntebe omulundi ogwokubiri, Mamdani yaddamu okudda mu Uganda mu Gwomukaaga 1986. <ref name="indian tele"/> Yali dayirekita eyatandikawo ekitongole kya Centre for Basic Research (CBR), ekitongole kya Uganda ekitali kya gavumenti ekyasooka mu kunoonyereza, mwe yaweereza okuva mu 1987 okutuuka mu 1996. <ref name="diaspora">{{Cite web |date=29 November 2012 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012 |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=ugandandiaspora.com}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> <ref name="csds">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Yaliko pulofeesa omugenyi ku [[:en:University_of_Durban-Westville|Yunivasite y’e Durban]] - [[:en:Westville,_KwaZulu-Natal|Westville]] mu South Africa (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka mu Gwomukaaga 1993), ku [[:en:Nehru_Memorial_Museum_&_Library|Nehru Memorial Museum & Library]] e New Delhi (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka Gwomukaaga 1995), ne mu [[:en:Princeton_University|Yunivasite y'e Princeton]] (1995–96). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vance |first=Dara |date=2015-11-20 |title=UK Committee on Social Theory Hosts Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://uknow.uky.edu/uk-happenings/uk-committee-social-theory-hosts-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=UKNow}}</ref> Mu 1996, yalondebwa okubeera omukulembeze w’entebe ya [[:en:Archibald_Campbell_Jordan|AC Jordan]] ey'ensoma y'Afirika mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y’e Cape Town]], <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 March 2011 |title=UCT in war over 'bantu education' |url=http://mg.co.za/article/2011-03-11-uct-in-war-over-bantu-education |access-date=22 March 2013}}</ref> era ku ntandikwa ya 1997 n’afuuka akulira [[:en:Centre_for_African_Studies|ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku by'ensoma y'Afirika]] (CAS). <ref name="uwn2018">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> Yavaawo oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obutakkaanya n'abasomesa (abasinga obungi abazungu) ku bbago ly'ensoma ye ey'omusomo ogw'omusingi ku Afrika oguyitibwa "Problematising Africa". <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=June 1, 1998 |title=Is African studies to be turned into a new home for Bantu education at UCT? |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/02533959808458649 |journal=Social Dynamics |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=63–75 |doi=10.1080/02533959808458649 |issn=0253-3952 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> Mamdani, eyalaga nti ensoma eriwo eya " [[:en:Bantu_Education_Act,_1953|Bantu studies]] " (mu kujjuliza ku kusomesa Abaddugavu wansi w'enfuga [[:en:Apartheid|y'obusosoze]] ) <ref name="cas2018" /> yayimirizibwa era okukkakkana ng'alekulidde. <ref name="davis2017">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> "Ensonga ya Mamdani" ekyayogerwako mu kukubaganya ebirowoozo ku [[:en:Decolonization_of_higher_education_in_South_Africa|kununula amatendekero aga waggulu okuva mu nsoma y'abamatwale]] . Oluvannyuma yagamba nti teyalina busungu ku muntu yenna, era yalina enkolagana ennungi ekiseera kye yamalayo. Yagamba nti obutakwatagana bwali ku njawulo mu ndowooza n'addala ensengeka y’ensoma ku bikwata ku kusoma South Africa ng’ensi ya Afrika. Oluvannyuma (2018) yakomezebwawo nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa asuutibwa. [ b ] <ref name="uwn2018" /> Mu 1999, Mamdani yalondebwa okuba dayirekita w’ekitongole ekikola ku by’okunoonyereza ku Afirika mu yunivasite ya Columbia, ekifo kye yalina okutuusa mu 2004. <ref name="uwn2018"/> Okuva olwo abadde asomesa eyo (nga 2025). <ref name="haag2025">{{Cite web |last=Haag |first=Matthew |last2=Goldberg |first2=Emma |date=27 June 2025 |title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |archive-date=7 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku mbeera z’abantu ekya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=18 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University]] |archive-date=2 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002055113/http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Agaba |first=John |title=Mamdani talks about his research legacy and work at Makerere |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20220329112608625 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="bio2"/> Okutuuka mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2025 [[:en:Columbia_University#Academics|pulofeesa wa Herbert Lehman mu Gavumenti]] era pulofeesa ku nkula y'abantu, okusoma saayansi w'ebyobufuzi [[:en:African_studies|n'okusoma ku Afirika]] ku [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]].<ref name="bio2" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Faculty Bio: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/anthropology/fac-bios/mamdani/faculty.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Era akola nga chancellor wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://kiu.ac.ug/news-page.php?i=press-release-kampala-international-university-kiu-appoints-prof-mahmood-mamdani-as-chancellor |access-date=24 August 2020 |publisher=[[Kampala International University]]}}</ref> == Okunoonyereza n'okuwandiika == Mamdani yeemalira mu kunoonyereza ku byobufuzi bya Afirika n'eby'ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw'amatwale]] [[:en:Postcolonialism|n'oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale]], n'ebyobufuzi by'ebyenfuna. Ebitabo bye byekenneenya enkolagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'ebyobuwangwa, okugeraageranya [[:en:Colonialism|okufugibwa kw'amatwale]] okuva mu 1452, ebyafaayo by'entalo z'omunda [[:en:Genocide|n'ekitta bantu]] mu Afirika, [[:en:Cold_War|Olutalo olw'Ensi Yonna olw'ebigambo]] [[:en:War_on_terror|n'olutalo ku butujju]], n'ebyafaayo by'eddembe ly'obuntu.<ref>vSneh, Itai Nartzizenfield (2008). [https://books.google.com/books?id=iax4AAAAMAAJ ''The Future Almost Arrived: How Jimmy Carter Failed to Change U.S. Foreign Policy''.] [[:en:Peter_Lang_(publishing_company)|Peter Lang]]. p. 169. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780820481852|9780820481852]]</bdi>.</ref> Okunoonyereza kwe okw'omwaka 2016 kwatandikira ku kitabo kye eky'omwaka 1996, [[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]. <ref>[http://polisci.columbia.edu/people/profile/96 "Mahmood Mamdani | Department of Political Science"]. ''polisci.columbia.edu''. Retrieved 21 January 2016.</ref>Mu kitabo ekyo, yagamba nti eggwanga eryafugibwa terisobola kutegeerwa nga tewekenenyeza bulungi eggwanga eryalifuga.Enkola y'obufuzi bw'amatwale mu Afirika yali eddamu okusoomoozebwa kw'ekibuuzo "ekikulu", era yagamba nti yafuuka "amawanga agaabuluziddwamu".<ref name=":0">Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. pp. 15–16. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|<bdi>9780852553992</bdi>.]]</ref>Kino kyali kikolebwa mu ngeri bbiri: ku ludda olumu nga bafuga butereevu, nga kino kyali kikolwa kya "buyinza" era nga kyali kigenderera okuggya abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo ku ddembe ly'obuntu eryali liweebwa abatuuze mu bitundu ebirala, ate ku ludda olulala nga bafuga mu ngeri etali y'abuteerevu, nga kino kyali kikolebwa mu byalo era nga kizingiramu okuyingiza "bannansi" mu "mateeka g'eggwanga" agaateekebwawo ab'obuyinza mu byalo, era nga kino yakiyita "obwannakyemalira obw'okugabanya obuyinza".<ref name=":0" /> Embeera eno yali "yakusika muguwa" era ng'erimu "engeri bbiri ez'obuyinza wansi w'obuyinza obumu".<ref name=":0" /> Oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale, ebibuga byali tebikyayawulamu bantu lwa langi naye ebyalo byali bikyafugibwa abakulembeze abaali mu nkwawa z'abafuzi b'amatwale, ka babe abakulembeze ab'ennono oba b'ebali bakwasizzaobuyinza nga balina ebiruubirirwa by'okufugisa omukono ogw'ekyuma.<ref>Clapham, Chris (1997). "Review: Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism by Mahmood Mamdani'". ''Royal Institute of International Affairs''. '''73''': 606.</ref>Mu ngeri eno obukulembeze bwonna bwaleeta enjawukana mu mawnga era n'ekutondawo obukulembeze bwabwe obw'enjawulo obwannakyemalira.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref> Mamdani yekennenya ebyafaayo mu South Africa ne Uganda okulaga nti obufuzi bw'amatwale bwakozesa obuyinza obuyitiridde era obuyinza obwo bweyongera okubaawo oluvannyuma lw'ameefuga.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. p. 37. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref>Ng’asomooza endowooza eza bulijjo ku busosoze mu South Afrika nga ez’enjawulo, agamba nti [[:en:Apartheid|obusosoze mu mawanga]] bwali ngeri ya bulijjo ey’ettwale lya Bulaaya mu Africa, nga lizingiramu ensonga [[:en:Indirect_rule|z’obufuzi obutali butereevu]] n’okukwatagana<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1 January 1996 |title=Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism |isbn=9780852553992 |pages=16–18}}</ref> Mu kitabo kye ekyafulumizibwa mu 2004 ekya ''Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: America, the Cold War, and the Roots of Terror'' Mamdani yagamba nti [[:en:Suicide_attack|abeetuze]] balina okumanyibwa "ng'ekika ky'omujaasi" era nti balina "okutegeerwa mu ngeri y'effujjo ly'ebyobufuzi ery'omulembe guno okusinga okuvumwavumwa ng'akabonero k'obukambwe". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bickerton |first=James |date=2025-07-11 |title=Zohran Mamdani's father's remark about suicide bombers comes under scrutiny |url=https://www.newsweek.com/zohran-mamdani-father-remark-about-suicide-bombers-comes-under-scrutiny-2097793 |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref> Omuyivu omu yagamba nti kino si kuwagira kwettisa bbomu wabula kwekenneenya okwanenya '"okusalawo kwa Amerika ku nkola y'ensonga z'ebweru naddala mu kiseera ky'olutalo olw'ebigambo", okutondawo embeera [[:en:Islamic_extremism|y'Obusiraamu obw'annalukalala]] [[:en:Political_violence|n'effujjo mu byobufuzi]] " mwe byakulaakulanira. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Murray |first=Conor |date=Jul 11, 2025 |title=Mahmood Mamdani's Work Does Not Advocate Violence, Expert Says |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/conormurray/2025/07/11/sequoias-maguire-unfairly-targets-zohran-mamdanis-father-fellow-academic-says/ |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko bye bifulumiddde mu ''[[:en:London_Review_of_Books|London Review of Books]]'' n'ekampuni ezifulumya ebitabo ebirala.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/contributors/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=London Review of Books |language=en-GB}}</ref> Okusinziira ku CAS, ebiwandiiko bya Mamdani "bibadde bikulu mu kusomebwa abayizi abali ku misomo gyabwe egya undergraduate ne Postgraduate ku UCT ssaako n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo ku nsoma y'ebyafaayo n'ebyobufuzi bya Afirika , nga banonyereza ku nkwatagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'obuwangwa, okugerageranya obufuzi bw'amatwale, entalo ez'omunda mu ggwanga n'ekittabantu mu Afirika".<ref name="uwn20182">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> == Emirimu gy'emirala == Okuva mu 1998 <ref name="bio22">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> oba 1999 okutuuka mu 2002, Mamdani yaweereza nga pulezidenti w'olukiiko olukulaakulanya okunoonyereza ku ssaayansi w'embeera z'abantu mu Afrika ([[:en:Council_for_the_Development_of_Social_Science_Research_in_Africa|Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa]]). <ref name="cas20182">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumineebiri 2001, yawa okwogera ku "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" mu lukungaana lwa [[:en:Nobel_Prize|Nobel Centennial Symposium]] e [[:en:Oslo|Oslo]], Norway. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 December 2001 |title=Speech by Dr. Mahmood Mamdani: "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/mediaplayer/index.php?id=1281 |access-date=24 March 2013 |publisher=Nobel Prize}}</ref> Mu Gwomwenda 2006, Mamdani yali omu ku boogezi abaayitibwa mu lukuŋŋaana lw’ekibiina kya [[:en:Ugandan_North_American_Association_(UNAA)|Uganda North American Association (UNAA)]] mu kibuga New York. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2006-09-05 |title=UNAA Convention was disorganised! |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/news/1141390/unaa-convention-disorganised |access-date=2026-02-18 |publisher=New Vision (Kampala)}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano 2011, mu kiseera ky'okwekalakaasa okwali mu kibangirizi kya Tahrir([[:en:Tahrir_Square_protests|Tahrir Square protests]]) mu kibuga [[:en:Cairo|Cairo]], Misiri, Mamdani yayitibwa okwogerako mu [[:en:American_University_of_Cairo|Yunivasite y’Amerika e Cairo]] . == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] fyktdtc1zxz3baneemk8ur5dzivwy6r 48673 48672 2026-05-03T09:06:24Z Charles Kalanzi 9748 48673 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mahmood Mamdani''' [ a ] FBA (yazaalibwa 23 Ogwokuna 1946) munnayuganda [[:en:Anthropologist|omukugu mu by'enkula y'abantu]], munnaby'anjigiriza, era omukugu mu by'obufuzi. Ye Herbert Lehman Pulofeesa wa Gavumenti era pulofeesa w’ensonga z'ekikula ky'abantu, [[:en:Political_science|ssaayansi w’ebyobufuzi]], n’okunoonyereza [[:en:African_studies|ku nsoma y'Afirika]] mu [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]] . Era akola nga Ccansala wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda, era nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa ku Center for African Studis mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y'e Cape Town]] . Emabegako yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole kya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. Mamdani mukugu mu kusoma ebyobufuzi bya Afrika n’ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw’amatwale]] n’oluvannyuma [[:en:Postcolonialism|lw'obufuzi bw’amatwale]], n’ebyobufuzi [[:en:Knowledge_economy|by’ebyenfuna]] . Mufumbo nga mukazi we ye [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]] omuzannyi wa firimu . Ye ne Nair be bazadde ba [[:en:New_York_City_Mayor|Meeya w'ekibuga New York]] [[Zohran Mamdani]] . == Obuto bwe n’okusoma == Mahmood Mamdani yazaalibwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1946 mu [[:en:Bombay|kibuga Bombay]] (kati Mumbai), Buyindi, ng’ebula omwaka gumu [[:en:British_Raj|enfuga ya Bungereza]] ekome. <ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/education/news/mahmood-mamdani-education-and-career-path-how-zohran-mamdanis-father-built-a-legacy-of-revolution-through-ideas-and-exile/articleshow/122064130.cms "Mahmood Mamdani education and career path: How Zohran Mamdani's father built a legacy of revolution through ideas and exile"]. ''The Times of India''. 25 June 2025. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN&nbsp;]][https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-8257 0971-825]7. Retrieved 13 July 2025.</ref> <ref name="codesria">{{Cite web |title=Pr. Mahmood Mamdani (1998-2002) |url=https://codesria.org/pr-mahmood-mamdani-1998-2002/ |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> Yakulira mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=23 February 2021 |title=Mahmood Mamdani on Uganda |url=https://africasacountry.com/2011/04/mamdani-on-uganda |website=Africa is a Country}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Permanent Minorities and the Politics of Survivors: A conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://worldpeacefoundation.org/blog/permanent-minorities-and-the-politics-of-survivors-a-conversation-with-mahmood-mamdani/ |website=World Peace Foundation}}</ref> ng'omu ku [[:en:Indian_diaspora_in_Southeast_Africa|Bayindi ababundabunda mu bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba bwa Afrika]] . Bazadde be bombi, [[:en:Gujarati_Muslim|basiraamu Abagujarati]], baazaalibwa era ne bakulira mu kitundu kya Bungereza eky'amatwale ki [[:en:Tanganyika_Territory|Tanganyika]] (leero Tanzania). Abafumbo bano baagenda e Bombay olwo kitaawe n’asomerayo mu ttendekero ekkulu. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Chen |first=Kuan-Hsing |last2=Gao |first2=Shiming |last3=Tang |first3=Xiaolin |date=2016 |title=The formation of an African intellectual: an interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |journal=Inter-Asia Cultural Studies |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=456–480 |doi=10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref>Muhoozi, Mourice (6 March 2022). [https://www.watchdoguganda.com/news/20220306/131449/meet-ugandas-most-iconic-academician-prof-mahmood-mamdani.html "Meet Uganda's most Iconic academician, Prof. Mahmood Mamdani"]. ''Watchdog Uganda''</ref> Famire yaddayo e [[:en:Dar_es_Salaam|Dar es Salaam]], Tanganyika, nga Mamdani wa myaka ebiri, ne bagenda e Uganda nga wa myaka etaano oba mukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Mu kiseera ekyo, Uganda yali yayawulwamu okusinziira ku mawanga, omuli abantu gye babeera, amasomero, emizikiti, n’ebifo abaana we bazannyira. Okusoma kwe mu pulayimale, Mamdani yasooka kugenda mu [[:en:Madrasa|madarasa]], n’oluvannyuma mu Government Indian Primary School. <ref name=":8"/> Yakula ng'ayogera [[:en:Gujarati_language|Olugujarati]], [[:en:Urdu|Oluurdu]] [[:en:Swahili_language|n'Oluswayiri]] . Yatandika okusoma Olungereza mu kibiina eky’omukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Oluvannyuma lw’okusoma siniya ey’awansi, yasomera ku Old Kampala Senior Secondary School, gye yali omuwandiisi w’ekibiina kya Do-it-Yourself Physics. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uganda: Buganda And Uganda At Crossroads |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090826030635/http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |archive-date=26 August 2009 |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=AllAfrica}}</ref> Mamdani yali omu ku bayizi Bannayuganda 23 abaali mu kibiina kya [[:en:The_Kennedy_Airlift|Kennedy Airlift]] mu 1963, enteekateeka ya sikaala eyaweebwa ssente okuva mu Amerika eyaleetera ebikumi n’ebikumi by'abayizi okuva mu [[:en:East_Africa|Buvanjuba bwa Afrika]] okusomera ku yunivasite mu Amerika ne Canada wakati wa 1959 ne 1963. <ref name="indian tele">{{Cite web |last=Sen |first=Manjula |date=25 January 2009 |title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |archive-date=2 February 2009 |access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref> Mamdani yatikkirwa diguli ya Bachelor of Arts okuva mu [[:en:University_of_Pittsburgh|Yunivasite y’e Pittsburgh]] <ref name="codesria"/> mu 1967. <ref>{{Cite book |date=1 January 2010 |title=International Encyclopedia of Civil Society |url=https://link.springer.com/referencework/10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |vauthors=((Anheier, H. K.)), ((Toepler, S.)) |publisher=Springer US |isbn=978-0-387-93994-0 |editor-last=Anheier |editor-first=Helmut K. |doi=10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |editor-last2=Toepler |editor-first2=Stefan}}</ref> Yali omu ku bayizi abangi mu bukiikakkono bwa Amerika abaali mu lugendo lwa bbaasi mu bukiikaddyo okutuuka e [[:en:Montgomery,_Alabama|Montgomery, Alabama]], olwategekebwa [[:en:Student_Nonviolent_Coordinating_Committee|akakiiko akakwasaganya abayizi abatali ba ffujjo]] mu Gwokusatu 1965 okwetaba mu kaweefube w'okulwanirira [[:en:Civil_rights_movement|eddembe ly’obuntu]] . Kino kyaliwo mu kiseera ky’okutambula okuva e [[:en:Selma_to_Montgomery_marches|Selma okutuuka e Montgomery]], naye nga kyo kya njawulo. Yasibibwa mu kkomera mu kutambula kuno era n’akkirizibwa okukuba essimu. Mamdani yakubira [[:en:Embassy_of_Uganda,_Washington,_D.C.|omubaka wa Uganda]] e [[:en:Washington,_DC|Washington, DC]], amuyambe. Omubaka yamubuuza lwaki "ayingirira ensonga z'omunda mu nsi engwira", n'amuddamu nti teyali nsonga ya munda wabula olutalo lw'eddembe era nti nabo eddembe lyabwe baali bakalifuna omwaka ogwakaggwa. <ref name="pambazuka">{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=28 April 2007 |title=The Asian question again: A reflection |url=http://www.pambazuka.org/en/category/comment/41273 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]] (Uganda) |via=pambazuka.org}}</ref> Amangu ddala nga wayiseewo akaseera katono, Mamdani yategeera ku mulimu gwa [[:en:Karl_Marx|Karl Marx]] okuva mu kukyala kwe ku FBI. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Shringarpure |first=Bhakti |author-link=Bhakti Shringarpure |date=15 July 2013 |title=In Conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.warscapes.com/conversations/conversation-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=6 November 2017 |website=Warscapes |language=en |quote=I thought the guy Marx had just died. […] So that was my introduction to Karl Marx.}}</ref> Yasomera ku [[:en:Fletcher_School_of_Law_and_Diplomacy|Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy]] mu [[:en:Tufts_University|Yunivasite ya Tufts]] era mu 1968 yatikkirwa diguli ya Master of Arts mu [[:en:Political_science|byobufuzi]] ne Master of Arts mu mateeka ne diplomacy mu 1969. Yafuna diguli ye [[:en:Doctor_of_philosophy|eyookusatu]] mu gavumenti okuva mu [[:en:Harvard_University|Yunivasite y'e Harvard]] mu 1974, wansi w’obulagirizi bwa [[:en:Karl_Deutsch|Karl Deutsch]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and class formation in Uganda |url=http://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=978-0-85345-378-9 |location=New York |via=Internet Archive}}</ref> Omulamwa kw'eyatambuliza ddiguli ye eyookusatu yagiwa omutwe "''Politics and Class Formation in Uganda."'' <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and Class Formation in Uganda |url=https://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=0-85345-378-0 |location=New York |oclc=2073894 |url-access=registration}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Allen |first=Judith Van |last2=Mamdani |first2=Mahmood |last3=Shivji |first3=Issa G. |date=November 1977 |title=Reviewed Works: Politics and Class Formation in Uganda. by Mahmood Mamdani; Class Struggles in Tanzania. by Issa G. Shivji |journal=Contemporary Sociology |publisher=American Sociological Association |volume=6 |issue=6 |pages=702 |doi=10.2307/2066367 |issn=0094-3061 |eissn=1939-8638 |jstor=2066367}}</ref> == Emirimu gye == Mamdani yakomawo mu Uganda ku ntandikwa ya 1972 era naweebwa omulimu ku [[Makerere University, Uganda|yunivasite y'e Makerere]] mu Kampala [[:en:Teaching_assistant|ng'ayambako omusomesa]], mu kiseera kye kimu yali akola ku kunoonyereza kwe okwa ddiguli eyookusatu. . Ye n’Abaasia abasinga obungi [[:en:Expulsion_of_Asians_from_Uganda|baagobebwa]] mu Uganda ku nkomerero y’omwaka ogwo [[Idi Amin]] olw’amawanga gaabwe; Amin yali agenderera "kuzzaawo" bizinensi n'ebintu. Mamdani yava mu Uganda n’agenda mu nkambi y’ababundabunda mu Bungereza ku ntandikwa y'omwezi Gwekkuminoogumu. <ref name="lrb2022">{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2022-10-06 |title=The Asian Question |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v44/n19/mahmood-mamdani/the-asian-question |journal=[[London Review of Books]] |language=en |volume=44 |issue=19 |issn=0260-9592 |access-date=2025-09-08}}</ref> Yava e Bungereza mu makkati ga 1973 oluvannyuma lw’okuyingizibwa mu [[:en:University_of_Dar_es_Salaam|Yunivasite y’e Dar es Salaam]] mu Tanzania. <ref name="pambazuka"/> <ref name="cas2018">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> <ref name="bio2">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> Mu Dar es Salaam, yamaliriza okuwandiika dissertation ye. Yali mujjumbize nnyo n’ebibiina ebiwakanya Amin. Mu 1979, yeetaba mu Ttabamiruka w’e Moshi ng’omutunuulizi. Yaddayo mu Uganda oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa ku bukulembeze oluvannyuma lw'olutalo lwa [[Olutalo lwa Uganda ne Tanzania|Uganda ne Tanzania]] mu 1979. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McCormack |first=Pete |date=17 October 2005 |title=Interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.petemccormack.com/interview_mamdani_001.htm |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=petemccormack.com}}</ref> <ref name="bio2" /> Mu kiseera kino, yakozesebwa ng'omutendeke mu kibiina kya [[:en:All_Africa_Conference_of_Churches|All Africa Conference of Churches]], omukago [[:en:Ecumenical_Christian|gw'Abakristaayo ogw'ensi yonna]] ogusangibwa e [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, ng'akolera mu ofiisi [[:en:Church_of_Uganda|y'Ekkanisa ya Uganda]] mu Kampala. <ref name="lrb2022"/> Okuva mu 1980 (oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa mu ntebe mu 1979) okutuuka mu 1993 yaddamu okukolera yunivasite y’e Makerere. <ref name="bio2"/> <ref name="lrb2022"/>​[[Milton Obote|​]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kagolo |first=Francis |date=8 February 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani to be honoured among Africa's best |url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/628869-prof-mamdani-to-be-honoured-among-africa-s-best.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]]}}</ref> Yaddayo e Dar es Salaam. Oluvannyuma lwa Obote okugobwa mu ntebe omulundi ogwokubiri, Mamdani yaddamu okudda mu Uganda mu Gwomukaaga 1986. <ref name="indian tele"/> Yali dayirekita eyatandikawo ekitongole kya Centre for Basic Research (CBR), ekitongole kya Uganda ekitali kya gavumenti ekyasooka mu kunoonyereza, mwe yaweereza okuva mu 1987 okutuuka mu 1996. <ref name="diaspora">{{Cite web |date=29 November 2012 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012 |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=ugandandiaspora.com}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> <ref name="csds">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Yaliko pulofeesa omugenyi ku [[:en:University_of_Durban-Westville|Yunivasite y’e Durban]] - [[:en:Westville,_KwaZulu-Natal|Westville]] mu South Africa (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka mu Gwomukaaga 1993), ku [[:en:Nehru_Memorial_Museum_&_Library|Nehru Memorial Museum & Library]] e New Delhi (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka Gwomukaaga 1995), ne mu [[:en:Princeton_University|Yunivasite y'e Princeton]] (1995–96). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vance |first=Dara |date=2015-11-20 |title=UK Committee on Social Theory Hosts Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://uknow.uky.edu/uk-happenings/uk-committee-social-theory-hosts-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=UKNow}}</ref> Mu 1996, yalondebwa okubeera omukulembeze w’entebe ya [[:en:Archibald_Campbell_Jordan|AC Jordan]] ey'ensoma y'Afirika mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y’e Cape Town]], <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 March 2011 |title=UCT in war over 'bantu education' |url=http://mg.co.za/article/2011-03-11-uct-in-war-over-bantu-education |access-date=22 March 2013}}</ref> era ku ntandikwa ya 1997 n’afuuka akulira [[:en:Centre_for_African_Studies|ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku by'ensoma y'Afirika]] (CAS). <ref name="uwn2018">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> Yavaawo oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obutakkaanya n'abasomesa (abasinga obungi abazungu) ku bbago ly'ensoma ye ey'omusomo ogw'omusingi ku Afrika oguyitibwa "Problematising Africa". <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=June 1, 1998 |title=Is African studies to be turned into a new home for Bantu education at UCT? |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/02533959808458649 |journal=Social Dynamics |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=63–75 |doi=10.1080/02533959808458649 |issn=0253-3952 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> Mamdani, eyalaga nti ensoma eriwo eya " [[:en:Bantu_Education_Act,_1953|Bantu studies]] " (mu kujjuliza ku kusomesa Abaddugavu wansi w'enfuga [[:en:Apartheid|y'obusosoze]] ) <ref name="cas2018" /> yayimirizibwa era okukkakkana ng'alekulidde. <ref name="davis2017">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> "Ensonga ya Mamdani" ekyayogerwako mu kukubaganya ebirowoozo ku [[:en:Decolonization_of_higher_education_in_South_Africa|kununula amatendekero aga waggulu okuva mu nsoma y'abamatwale]] . Oluvannyuma yagamba nti teyalina busungu ku muntu yenna, era yalina enkolagana ennungi ekiseera kye yamalayo. Yagamba nti obutakwatagana bwali ku njawulo mu ndowooza n'addala ensengeka y’ensoma ku bikwata ku kusoma South Africa ng’ensi ya Afrika. Oluvannyuma (2018) yakomezebwawo nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa asuutibwa. [ b ] <ref name="uwn2018" /> Mu 1999, Mamdani yalondebwa okuba dayirekita w’ekitongole ekikola ku by’okunoonyereza ku Afirika mu yunivasite ya Columbia, ekifo kye yalina okutuusa mu 2004. <ref name="uwn2018"/> Okuva olwo abadde asomesa eyo (nga 2025). <ref name="haag2025">{{Cite web |last=Haag |first=Matthew |last2=Goldberg |first2=Emma |date=27 June 2025 |title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |archive-date=7 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku mbeera z’abantu ekya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=18 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University]] |archive-date=2 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002055113/http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Agaba |first=John |title=Mamdani talks about his research legacy and work at Makerere |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20220329112608625 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="bio2"/> Okutuuka mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2025 [[:en:Columbia_University#Academics|pulofeesa wa Herbert Lehman mu Gavumenti]] era pulofeesa ku nkula y'abantu, okusoma saayansi w'ebyobufuzi [[:en:African_studies|n'okusoma ku Afirika]] ku [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]].<ref name="bio2" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Faculty Bio: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/anthropology/fac-bios/mamdani/faculty.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Era akola nga chancellor wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://kiu.ac.ug/news-page.php?i=press-release-kampala-international-university-kiu-appoints-prof-mahmood-mamdani-as-chancellor |access-date=24 August 2020 |publisher=[[Kampala International University]]}}</ref> == Okunoonyereza n'okuwandiika == Mamdani yeemalira mu kunoonyereza ku byobufuzi bya Afirika n'eby'ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw'amatwale]] [[:en:Postcolonialism|n'oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale]], n'ebyobufuzi by'ebyenfuna. Ebitabo bye byekenneenya enkolagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'ebyobuwangwa, okugeraageranya [[:en:Colonialism|okufugibwa kw'amatwale]] okuva mu 1452, ebyafaayo by'entalo z'omunda [[:en:Genocide|n'ekitta bantu]] mu Afirika, [[:en:Cold_War|Olutalo olw'Ensi Yonna olw'ebigambo]] [[:en:War_on_terror|n'olutalo ku butujju]], n'ebyafaayo by'eddembe ly'obuntu.<ref>vSneh, Itai Nartzizenfield (2008). [https://books.google.com/books?id=iax4AAAAMAAJ ''The Future Almost Arrived: How Jimmy Carter Failed to Change U.S. Foreign Policy''.] [[:en:Peter_Lang_(publishing_company)|Peter Lang]]. p. 169. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780820481852|9780820481852]]</bdi>.</ref> Okunoonyereza kwe okw'omwaka 2016 kwatandikira ku kitabo kye eky'omwaka 1996, [[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]. <ref>[http://polisci.columbia.edu/people/profile/96 "Mahmood Mamdani | Department of Political Science"]. ''polisci.columbia.edu''. Retrieved 21 January 2016.</ref>Mu kitabo ekyo, yagamba nti eggwanga eryafugibwa terisobola kutegeerwa nga tewekenenyeza bulungi eggwanga eryalifuga.Enkola y'obufuzi bw'amatwale mu Afirika yali eddamu okusoomoozebwa kw'ekibuuzo "ekikulu", era yagamba nti yafuuka "amawanga agaabuluziddwamu".<ref name=":0">Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. pp. 15–16. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|<bdi>9780852553992</bdi>.]]</ref>Kino kyali kikolebwa mu ngeri bbiri: ku ludda olumu nga bafuga butereevu, nga kino kyali kikolwa kya "buyinza" era nga kyali kigenderera okuggya abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo ku ddembe ly'obuntu eryali liweebwa abatuuze mu bitundu ebirala, ate ku ludda olulala nga bafuga mu ngeri etali y'abuteerevu, nga kino kyali kikolebwa mu byalo era nga kizingiramu okuyingiza "bannansi" mu "mateeka g'eggwanga" agaateekebwawo ab'obuyinza mu byalo, era nga kino yakiyita "obwannakyemalira obw'okugabanya obuyinza".<ref name=":0" /> Embeera eno yali "yakusika muguwa" era ng'erimu "engeri bbiri ez'obuyinza wansi w'obuyinza obumu".<ref name=":0" /> Oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale, ebibuga byali tebikyayawulamu bantu lwa langi naye ebyalo byali bikyafugibwa abakulembeze abaali mu nkwawa z'abafuzi b'amatwale, ka babe abakulembeze ab'ennono oba b'ebali bakwasizzaobuyinza nga balina ebiruubirirwa by'okufugisa omukono ogw'ekyuma.<ref>Clapham, Chris (1997). "Review: Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism by Mahmood Mamdani'". ''Royal Institute of International Affairs''. '''73''': 606.</ref>Mu ngeri eno obukulembeze bwonna bwaleeta enjawukana mu mawnga era n'ekutondawo obukulembeze bwabwe obw'enjawulo obwannakyemalira.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref> Mamdani yekennenya ebyafaayo mu South Africa ne Uganda okulaga nti obufuzi bw'amatwale bwakozesa obuyinza obuyitiridde era obuyinza obwo bweyongera okubaawo oluvannyuma lw'ameefuga.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. p. 37. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref>Ng’asomooza endowooza eza bulijjo ku busosoze mu South Afrika nga ez’enjawulo, agamba nti [[:en:Apartheid|obusosoze mu mawanga]] bwali ngeri ya bulijjo ey’ettwale lya Bulaaya mu Africa, nga lizingiramu ensonga [[:en:Indirect_rule|z’obufuzi obutali butereevu]] n’okukwatagana<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1 January 1996 |title=Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism |isbn=9780852553992 |pages=16–18}}</ref> Mu kitabo kye ekyafulumizibwa mu 2004 ekya ''Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: America, the Cold War, and the Roots of Terror'' Mamdani yagamba nti [[:en:Suicide_attack|abeetuze]] balina okumanyibwa "ng'ekika ky'omujaasi" era nti balina "okutegeerwa mu ngeri y'effujjo ly'ebyobufuzi ery'omulembe guno okusinga okuvumwavumwa ng'akabonero k'obukambwe". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bickerton |first=James |date=2025-07-11 |title=Zohran Mamdani's father's remark about suicide bombers comes under scrutiny |url=https://www.newsweek.com/zohran-mamdani-father-remark-about-suicide-bombers-comes-under-scrutiny-2097793 |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref> Omuyivu omu yagamba nti kino si kuwagira kwettisa bbomu wabula kwekenneenya okwanenya '"okusalawo kwa Amerika ku nkola y'ensonga z'ebweru naddala mu kiseera ky'olutalo olw'ebigambo", okutondawo embeera [[:en:Islamic_extremism|y'Obusiraamu obw'annalukalala]] [[:en:Political_violence|n'effujjo mu byobufuzi]] " mwe byakulaakulanira. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Murray |first=Conor |date=Jul 11, 2025 |title=Mahmood Mamdani's Work Does Not Advocate Violence, Expert Says |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/conormurray/2025/07/11/sequoias-maguire-unfairly-targets-zohran-mamdanis-father-fellow-academic-says/ |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko bye bifulumiddde mu ''[[:en:London_Review_of_Books|London Review of Books]]'' n'ekampuni ezifulumya ebitabo ebirala.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/contributors/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=London Review of Books |language=en-GB}}</ref> Okusinziira ku CAS, ebiwandiiko bya Mamdani "bibadde bikulu mu kusomebwa abayizi abali ku misomo gyabwe egya undergraduate ne Postgraduate ku UCT ssaako n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo ku nsoma y'ebyafaayo n'ebyobufuzi bya Afirika , nga banonyereza ku nkwatagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'obuwangwa, okugerageranya obufuzi bw'amatwale, entalo ez'omunda mu ggwanga n'ekittabantu mu Afirika".<ref name="uwn20182">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> == Emirimu gy'emirala == Okuva mu 1998 <ref name="bio22">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> oba 1999 okutuuka mu 2002, Mamdani yaweereza nga pulezidenti w'olukiiko olukulaakulanya okunoonyereza ku ssaayansi w'embeera z'abantu mu Afrika ([[:en:Council_for_the_Development_of_Social_Science_Research_in_Africa|Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa]]). <ref name="cas20182">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumineebiri 2001, yawa okwogera ku "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" mu lukungaana lwa [[:en:Nobel_Prize|Nobel Centennial Symposium]] e [[:en:Oslo|Oslo]], Norway. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 December 2001 |title=Speech by Dr. Mahmood Mamdani: "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/mediaplayer/index.php?id=1281 |access-date=24 March 2013 |publisher=Nobel Prize}}</ref> Mu Gwomwenda 2006, Mamdani yali omu ku boogezi abaayitibwa mu lukuŋŋaana lw’ekibiina kya [[:en:Ugandan_North_American_Association_(UNAA)|Uganda North American Association (UNAA)]] mu kibuga New York. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2006-09-05 |title=UNAA Convention was disorganised! |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/news/1141390/unaa-convention-disorganised |access-date=2026-02-18 |publisher=New Vision (Kampala)}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano 2011, mu kiseera ky'okwekalakaasa okwali mu kibangirizi kya Tahrir([[:en:Tahrir_Square_protests|Tahrir Square protests]]) mu kibuga [[:en:Cairo|Cairo]], Misiri, Mamdani yayitibwa okwogerako mu [[:en:American_University_of_Cairo|Yunivasite y’Amerika e Cairo]]. Ng’ayogera eri abayizi mu yunivasite y’e KwaZulu-Natal mu South Africa mu 2012, kino yakigeraageranya n’obwegugungo obwaliwo mu Soweto mu 1976 . <ref name="kwazulu2012">{{Cite web |date=24 April 2012 |title=Address on Receiving an Honorary Doctorate at the University of Kwazulu Natal |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/mesaas/images/faculty/news/Mamdani%20commencement.pdf |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] p71rq6jb3wgiwcj7qfninuhpjuc5534 48674 48673 2026-05-03T09:08:14Z Charles Kalanzi 9748 48674 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mahmood Mamdani''' [ a ] FBA (yazaalibwa 23 Ogwokuna 1946) munnayuganda [[:en:Anthropologist|omukugu mu by'enkula y'abantu]], munnaby'anjigiriza, era omukugu mu by'obufuzi. Ye Herbert Lehman Pulofeesa wa Gavumenti era pulofeesa w’ensonga z'ekikula ky'abantu, [[:en:Political_science|ssaayansi w’ebyobufuzi]], n’okunoonyereza [[:en:African_studies|ku nsoma y'Afirika]] mu [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]] . Era akola nga Ccansala wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda, era nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa ku Center for African Studis mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y'e Cape Town]] . Emabegako yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole kya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. Mamdani mukugu mu kusoma ebyobufuzi bya Afrika n’ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw’amatwale]] n’oluvannyuma [[:en:Postcolonialism|lw'obufuzi bw’amatwale]], n’ebyobufuzi [[:en:Knowledge_economy|by’ebyenfuna]] . Mufumbo nga mukazi we ye [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]] omuzannyi wa firimu . Ye ne Nair be bazadde ba [[:en:New_York_City_Mayor|Meeya w'ekibuga New York]] [[Zohran Mamdani]] . == Obuto bwe n’okusoma == Mahmood Mamdani yazaalibwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1946 mu [[:en:Bombay|kibuga Bombay]] (kati Mumbai), Buyindi, ng’ebula omwaka gumu [[:en:British_Raj|enfuga ya Bungereza]] ekome. <ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/education/news/mahmood-mamdani-education-and-career-path-how-zohran-mamdanis-father-built-a-legacy-of-revolution-through-ideas-and-exile/articleshow/122064130.cms "Mahmood Mamdani education and career path: How Zohran Mamdani's father built a legacy of revolution through ideas and exile"]. ''The Times of India''. 25 June 2025. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN&nbsp;]][https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-8257 0971-825]7. Retrieved 13 July 2025.</ref> <ref name="codesria">{{Cite web |title=Pr. Mahmood Mamdani (1998-2002) |url=https://codesria.org/pr-mahmood-mamdani-1998-2002/ |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> Yakulira mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=23 February 2021 |title=Mahmood Mamdani on Uganda |url=https://africasacountry.com/2011/04/mamdani-on-uganda |website=Africa is a Country}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Permanent Minorities and the Politics of Survivors: A conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://worldpeacefoundation.org/blog/permanent-minorities-and-the-politics-of-survivors-a-conversation-with-mahmood-mamdani/ |website=World Peace Foundation}}</ref> ng'omu ku [[:en:Indian_diaspora_in_Southeast_Africa|Bayindi ababundabunda mu bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba bwa Afrika]] . Bazadde be bombi, [[:en:Gujarati_Muslim|basiraamu Abagujarati]], baazaalibwa era ne bakulira mu kitundu kya Bungereza eky'amatwale ki [[:en:Tanganyika_Territory|Tanganyika]] (leero Tanzania). Abafumbo bano baagenda e Bombay olwo kitaawe n’asomerayo mu ttendekero ekkulu. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Chen |first=Kuan-Hsing |last2=Gao |first2=Shiming |last3=Tang |first3=Xiaolin |date=2016 |title=The formation of an African intellectual: an interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |journal=Inter-Asia Cultural Studies |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=456–480 |doi=10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref>Muhoozi, Mourice (6 March 2022). [https://www.watchdoguganda.com/news/20220306/131449/meet-ugandas-most-iconic-academician-prof-mahmood-mamdani.html "Meet Uganda's most Iconic academician, Prof. Mahmood Mamdani"]. ''Watchdog Uganda''</ref> Famire yaddayo e [[:en:Dar_es_Salaam|Dar es Salaam]], Tanganyika, nga Mamdani wa myaka ebiri, ne bagenda e Uganda nga wa myaka etaano oba mukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Mu kiseera ekyo, Uganda yali yayawulwamu okusinziira ku mawanga, omuli abantu gye babeera, amasomero, emizikiti, n’ebifo abaana we bazannyira. Okusoma kwe mu pulayimale, Mamdani yasooka kugenda mu [[:en:Madrasa|madarasa]], n’oluvannyuma mu Government Indian Primary School. <ref name=":8"/> Yakula ng'ayogera [[:en:Gujarati_language|Olugujarati]], [[:en:Urdu|Oluurdu]] [[:en:Swahili_language|n'Oluswayiri]] . Yatandika okusoma Olungereza mu kibiina eky’omukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Oluvannyuma lw’okusoma siniya ey’awansi, yasomera ku Old Kampala Senior Secondary School, gye yali omuwandiisi w’ekibiina kya Do-it-Yourself Physics. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uganda: Buganda And Uganda At Crossroads |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090826030635/http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |archive-date=26 August 2009 |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=AllAfrica}}</ref> Mamdani yali omu ku bayizi Bannayuganda 23 abaali mu kibiina kya [[:en:The_Kennedy_Airlift|Kennedy Airlift]] mu 1963, enteekateeka ya sikaala eyaweebwa ssente okuva mu Amerika eyaleetera ebikumi n’ebikumi by'abayizi okuva mu [[:en:East_Africa|Buvanjuba bwa Afrika]] okusomera ku yunivasite mu Amerika ne Canada wakati wa 1959 ne 1963. <ref name="indian tele">{{Cite web |last=Sen |first=Manjula |date=25 January 2009 |title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |archive-date=2 February 2009 |access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref> Mamdani yatikkirwa diguli ya Bachelor of Arts okuva mu [[:en:University_of_Pittsburgh|Yunivasite y’e Pittsburgh]] <ref name="codesria"/> mu 1967. <ref>{{Cite book |date=1 January 2010 |title=International Encyclopedia of Civil Society |url=https://link.springer.com/referencework/10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |vauthors=((Anheier, H. K.)), ((Toepler, S.)) |publisher=Springer US |isbn=978-0-387-93994-0 |editor-last=Anheier |editor-first=Helmut K. |doi=10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |editor-last2=Toepler |editor-first2=Stefan}}</ref> Yali omu ku bayizi abangi mu bukiikakkono bwa Amerika abaali mu lugendo lwa bbaasi mu bukiikaddyo okutuuka e [[:en:Montgomery,_Alabama|Montgomery, Alabama]], olwategekebwa [[:en:Student_Nonviolent_Coordinating_Committee|akakiiko akakwasaganya abayizi abatali ba ffujjo]] mu Gwokusatu 1965 okwetaba mu kaweefube w'okulwanirira [[:en:Civil_rights_movement|eddembe ly’obuntu]] . Kino kyaliwo mu kiseera ky’okutambula okuva e [[:en:Selma_to_Montgomery_marches|Selma okutuuka e Montgomery]], naye nga kyo kya njawulo. Yasibibwa mu kkomera mu kutambula kuno era n’akkirizibwa okukuba essimu. Mamdani yakubira [[:en:Embassy_of_Uganda,_Washington,_D.C.|omubaka wa Uganda]] e [[:en:Washington,_DC|Washington, DC]], amuyambe. Omubaka yamubuuza lwaki "ayingirira ensonga z'omunda mu nsi engwira", n'amuddamu nti teyali nsonga ya munda wabula olutalo lw'eddembe era nti nabo eddembe lyabwe baali bakalifuna omwaka ogwakaggwa. <ref name="pambazuka">{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=28 April 2007 |title=The Asian question again: A reflection |url=http://www.pambazuka.org/en/category/comment/41273 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]] (Uganda) |via=pambazuka.org}}</ref> Amangu ddala nga wayiseewo akaseera katono, Mamdani yategeera ku mulimu gwa [[:en:Karl_Marx|Karl Marx]] okuva mu kukyala kwe ku FBI. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Shringarpure |first=Bhakti |author-link=Bhakti Shringarpure |date=15 July 2013 |title=In Conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.warscapes.com/conversations/conversation-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=6 November 2017 |website=Warscapes |language=en |quote=I thought the guy Marx had just died. […] So that was my introduction to Karl Marx.}}</ref> Yasomera ku [[:en:Fletcher_School_of_Law_and_Diplomacy|Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy]] mu [[:en:Tufts_University|Yunivasite ya Tufts]] era mu 1968 yatikkirwa diguli ya Master of Arts mu [[:en:Political_science|byobufuzi]] ne Master of Arts mu mateeka ne diplomacy mu 1969. Yafuna diguli ye [[:en:Doctor_of_philosophy|eyookusatu]] mu gavumenti okuva mu [[:en:Harvard_University|Yunivasite y'e Harvard]] mu 1974, wansi w’obulagirizi bwa [[:en:Karl_Deutsch|Karl Deutsch]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and class formation in Uganda |url=http://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=978-0-85345-378-9 |location=New York |via=Internet Archive}}</ref> Omulamwa kw'eyatambuliza ddiguli ye eyookusatu yagiwa omutwe "''Politics and Class Formation in Uganda."'' <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and Class Formation in Uganda |url=https://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=0-85345-378-0 |location=New York |oclc=2073894 |url-access=registration}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Allen |first=Judith Van |last2=Mamdani |first2=Mahmood |last3=Shivji |first3=Issa G. |date=November 1977 |title=Reviewed Works: Politics and Class Formation in Uganda. by Mahmood Mamdani; Class Struggles in Tanzania. by Issa G. Shivji |journal=Contemporary Sociology |publisher=American Sociological Association |volume=6 |issue=6 |pages=702 |doi=10.2307/2066367 |issn=0094-3061 |eissn=1939-8638 |jstor=2066367}}</ref> == Emirimu gye == Mamdani yakomawo mu Uganda ku ntandikwa ya 1972 era naweebwa omulimu ku [[Makerere University, Uganda|yunivasite y'e Makerere]] mu Kampala [[:en:Teaching_assistant|ng'ayambako omusomesa]], mu kiseera kye kimu yali akola ku kunoonyereza kwe okwa ddiguli eyookusatu. . Ye n’Abaasia abasinga obungi [[:en:Expulsion_of_Asians_from_Uganda|baagobebwa]] mu Uganda ku nkomerero y’omwaka ogwo [[Idi Amin]] olw’amawanga gaabwe; Amin yali agenderera "kuzzaawo" bizinensi n'ebintu. Mamdani yava mu Uganda n’agenda mu nkambi y’ababundabunda mu Bungereza ku ntandikwa y'omwezi Gwekkuminoogumu. <ref name="lrb2022">{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2022-10-06 |title=The Asian Question |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v44/n19/mahmood-mamdani/the-asian-question |journal=[[London Review of Books]] |language=en |volume=44 |issue=19 |issn=0260-9592 |access-date=2025-09-08}}</ref> Yava e Bungereza mu makkati ga 1973 oluvannyuma lw’okuyingizibwa mu [[:en:University_of_Dar_es_Salaam|Yunivasite y’e Dar es Salaam]] mu Tanzania. <ref name="pambazuka"/> <ref name="cas2018">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> <ref name="bio2">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> Mu Dar es Salaam, yamaliriza okuwandiika dissertation ye. Yali mujjumbize nnyo n’ebibiina ebiwakanya Amin. Mu 1979, yeetaba mu Ttabamiruka w’e Moshi ng’omutunuulizi. Yaddayo mu Uganda oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa ku bukulembeze oluvannyuma lw'olutalo lwa [[Olutalo lwa Uganda ne Tanzania|Uganda ne Tanzania]] mu 1979. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McCormack |first=Pete |date=17 October 2005 |title=Interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.petemccormack.com/interview_mamdani_001.htm |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=petemccormack.com}}</ref> <ref name="bio2" /> Mu kiseera kino, yakozesebwa ng'omutendeke mu kibiina kya [[:en:All_Africa_Conference_of_Churches|All Africa Conference of Churches]], omukago [[:en:Ecumenical_Christian|gw'Abakristaayo ogw'ensi yonna]] ogusangibwa e [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, ng'akolera mu ofiisi [[:en:Church_of_Uganda|y'Ekkanisa ya Uganda]] mu Kampala. <ref name="lrb2022"/> Okuva mu 1980 (oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa mu ntebe mu 1979) okutuuka mu 1993 yaddamu okukolera yunivasite y’e Makerere. <ref name="bio2"/> <ref name="lrb2022"/>​[[Milton Obote|​]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kagolo |first=Francis |date=8 February 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani to be honoured among Africa's best |url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/628869-prof-mamdani-to-be-honoured-among-africa-s-best.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]]}}</ref> Yaddayo e Dar es Salaam. Oluvannyuma lwa Obote okugobwa mu ntebe omulundi ogwokubiri, Mamdani yaddamu okudda mu Uganda mu Gwomukaaga 1986. <ref name="indian tele"/> Yali dayirekita eyatandikawo ekitongole kya Centre for Basic Research (CBR), ekitongole kya Uganda ekitali kya gavumenti ekyasooka mu kunoonyereza, mwe yaweereza okuva mu 1987 okutuuka mu 1996. <ref name="diaspora">{{Cite web |date=29 November 2012 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012 |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=ugandandiaspora.com}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> <ref name="csds">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Yaliko pulofeesa omugenyi ku [[:en:University_of_Durban-Westville|Yunivasite y’e Durban]] - [[:en:Westville,_KwaZulu-Natal|Westville]] mu South Africa (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka mu Gwomukaaga 1993), ku [[:en:Nehru_Memorial_Museum_&_Library|Nehru Memorial Museum & Library]] e New Delhi (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka Gwomukaaga 1995), ne mu [[:en:Princeton_University|Yunivasite y'e Princeton]] (1995–96). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vance |first=Dara |date=2015-11-20 |title=UK Committee on Social Theory Hosts Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://uknow.uky.edu/uk-happenings/uk-committee-social-theory-hosts-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=UKNow}}</ref> Mu 1996, yalondebwa okubeera omukulembeze w’entebe ya [[:en:Archibald_Campbell_Jordan|AC Jordan]] ey'ensoma y'Afirika mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y’e Cape Town]], <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 March 2011 |title=UCT in war over 'bantu education' |url=http://mg.co.za/article/2011-03-11-uct-in-war-over-bantu-education |access-date=22 March 2013}}</ref> era ku ntandikwa ya 1997 n’afuuka akulira [[:en:Centre_for_African_Studies|ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku by'ensoma y'Afirika]] (CAS). <ref name="uwn2018">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> Yavaawo oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obutakkaanya n'abasomesa (abasinga obungi abazungu) ku bbago ly'ensoma ye ey'omusomo ogw'omusingi ku Afrika oguyitibwa "Problematising Africa". <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=June 1, 1998 |title=Is African studies to be turned into a new home for Bantu education at UCT? |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/02533959808458649 |journal=Social Dynamics |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=63–75 |doi=10.1080/02533959808458649 |issn=0253-3952 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> Mamdani, eyalaga nti ensoma eriwo eya " [[:en:Bantu_Education_Act,_1953|Bantu studies]] " (mu kujjuliza ku kusomesa Abaddugavu wansi w'enfuga [[:en:Apartheid|y'obusosoze]] ) <ref name="cas2018" /> yayimirizibwa era okukkakkana ng'alekulidde. <ref name="davis2017">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> "Ensonga ya Mamdani" ekyayogerwako mu kukubaganya ebirowoozo ku [[:en:Decolonization_of_higher_education_in_South_Africa|kununula amatendekero aga waggulu okuva mu nsoma y'abamatwale]] . Oluvannyuma yagamba nti teyalina busungu ku muntu yenna, era yalina enkolagana ennungi ekiseera kye yamalayo. Yagamba nti obutakwatagana bwali ku njawulo mu ndowooza n'addala ensengeka y’ensoma ku bikwata ku kusoma South Africa ng’ensi ya Afrika. Oluvannyuma (2018) yakomezebwawo nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa asuutibwa. [ b ] <ref name="uwn2018" /> Mu 1999, Mamdani yalondebwa okuba dayirekita w’ekitongole ekikola ku by’okunoonyereza ku Afirika mu yunivasite ya Columbia, ekifo kye yalina okutuusa mu 2004. <ref name="uwn2018"/> Okuva olwo abadde asomesa eyo (nga 2025). <ref name="haag2025">{{Cite web |last=Haag |first=Matthew |last2=Goldberg |first2=Emma |date=27 June 2025 |title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |archive-date=7 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku mbeera z’abantu ekya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=18 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University]] |archive-date=2 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002055113/http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Agaba |first=John |title=Mamdani talks about his research legacy and work at Makerere |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20220329112608625 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="bio2"/> Okutuuka mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2025 [[:en:Columbia_University#Academics|pulofeesa wa Herbert Lehman mu Gavumenti]] era pulofeesa ku nkula y'abantu, okusoma saayansi w'ebyobufuzi [[:en:African_studies|n'okusoma ku Afirika]] ku [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]].<ref name="bio2" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Faculty Bio: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/anthropology/fac-bios/mamdani/faculty.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Era akola nga chancellor wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://kiu.ac.ug/news-page.php?i=press-release-kampala-international-university-kiu-appoints-prof-mahmood-mamdani-as-chancellor |access-date=24 August 2020 |publisher=[[Kampala International University]]}}</ref> == Okunoonyereza n'okuwandiika == Mamdani yeemalira mu kunoonyereza ku byobufuzi bya Afirika n'eby'ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw'amatwale]] [[:en:Postcolonialism|n'oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale]], n'ebyobufuzi by'ebyenfuna. Ebitabo bye byekenneenya enkolagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'ebyobuwangwa, okugeraageranya [[:en:Colonialism|okufugibwa kw'amatwale]] okuva mu 1452, ebyafaayo by'entalo z'omunda [[:en:Genocide|n'ekitta bantu]] mu Afirika, [[:en:Cold_War|Olutalo olw'Ensi Yonna olw'ebigambo]] [[:en:War_on_terror|n'olutalo ku butujju]], n'ebyafaayo by'eddembe ly'obuntu.<ref>vSneh, Itai Nartzizenfield (2008). [https://books.google.com/books?id=iax4AAAAMAAJ ''The Future Almost Arrived: How Jimmy Carter Failed to Change U.S. Foreign Policy''.] [[:en:Peter_Lang_(publishing_company)|Peter Lang]]. p. 169. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780820481852|9780820481852]]</bdi>.</ref> Okunoonyereza kwe okw'omwaka 2016 kwatandikira ku kitabo kye eky'omwaka 1996, [[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]. <ref>[http://polisci.columbia.edu/people/profile/96 "Mahmood Mamdani | Department of Political Science"]. ''polisci.columbia.edu''. Retrieved 21 January 2016.</ref>Mu kitabo ekyo, yagamba nti eggwanga eryafugibwa terisobola kutegeerwa nga tewekenenyeza bulungi eggwanga eryalifuga.Enkola y'obufuzi bw'amatwale mu Afirika yali eddamu okusoomoozebwa kw'ekibuuzo "ekikulu", era yagamba nti yafuuka "amawanga agaabuluziddwamu".<ref name=":0">Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. pp. 15–16. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|<bdi>9780852553992</bdi>.]]</ref>Kino kyali kikolebwa mu ngeri bbiri: ku ludda olumu nga bafuga butereevu, nga kino kyali kikolwa kya "buyinza" era nga kyali kigenderera okuggya abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo ku ddembe ly'obuntu eryali liweebwa abatuuze mu bitundu ebirala, ate ku ludda olulala nga bafuga mu ngeri etali y'abuteerevu, nga kino kyali kikolebwa mu byalo era nga kizingiramu okuyingiza "bannansi" mu "mateeka g'eggwanga" agaateekebwawo ab'obuyinza mu byalo, era nga kino yakiyita "obwannakyemalira obw'okugabanya obuyinza".<ref name=":0" /> Embeera eno yali "yakusika muguwa" era ng'erimu "engeri bbiri ez'obuyinza wansi w'obuyinza obumu".<ref name=":0" /> Oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale, ebibuga byali tebikyayawulamu bantu lwa langi naye ebyalo byali bikyafugibwa abakulembeze abaali mu nkwawa z'abafuzi b'amatwale, ka babe abakulembeze ab'ennono oba b'ebali bakwasizzaobuyinza nga balina ebiruubirirwa by'okufugisa omukono ogw'ekyuma.<ref>Clapham, Chris (1997). "Review: Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism by Mahmood Mamdani'". ''Royal Institute of International Affairs''. '''73''': 606.</ref>Mu ngeri eno obukulembeze bwonna bwaleeta enjawukana mu mawnga era n'ekutondawo obukulembeze bwabwe obw'enjawulo obwannakyemalira.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref> Mamdani yekennenya ebyafaayo mu South Africa ne Uganda okulaga nti obufuzi bw'amatwale bwakozesa obuyinza obuyitiridde era obuyinza obwo bweyongera okubaawo oluvannyuma lw'ameefuga.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. p. 37. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref>Ng’asomooza endowooza eza bulijjo ku busosoze mu South Afrika nga ez’enjawulo, agamba nti [[:en:Apartheid|obusosoze mu mawanga]] bwali ngeri ya bulijjo ey’ettwale lya Bulaaya mu Africa, nga lizingiramu ensonga [[:en:Indirect_rule|z’obufuzi obutali butereevu]] n’okukwatagana<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1 January 1996 |title=Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism |isbn=9780852553992 |pages=16–18}}</ref> Mu kitabo kye ekyafulumizibwa mu 2004 ekya ''Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: America, the Cold War, and the Roots of Terror'' Mamdani yagamba nti [[:en:Suicide_attack|abeetuze]] balina okumanyibwa "ng'ekika ky'omujaasi" era nti balina "okutegeerwa mu ngeri y'effujjo ly'ebyobufuzi ery'omulembe guno okusinga okuvumwavumwa ng'akabonero k'obukambwe". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bickerton |first=James |date=2025-07-11 |title=Zohran Mamdani's father's remark about suicide bombers comes under scrutiny |url=https://www.newsweek.com/zohran-mamdani-father-remark-about-suicide-bombers-comes-under-scrutiny-2097793 |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref> Omuyivu omu yagamba nti kino si kuwagira kwettisa bbomu wabula kwekenneenya okwanenya '"okusalawo kwa Amerika ku nkola y'ensonga z'ebweru naddala mu kiseera ky'olutalo olw'ebigambo", okutondawo embeera [[:en:Islamic_extremism|y'Obusiraamu obw'annalukalala]] [[:en:Political_violence|n'effujjo mu byobufuzi]] " mwe byakulaakulanira. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Murray |first=Conor |date=Jul 11, 2025 |title=Mahmood Mamdani's Work Does Not Advocate Violence, Expert Says |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/conormurray/2025/07/11/sequoias-maguire-unfairly-targets-zohran-mamdanis-father-fellow-academic-says/ |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko bye bifulumiddde mu ''[[:en:London_Review_of_Books|London Review of Books]]'' n'ekampuni ezifulumya ebitabo ebirala.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/contributors/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=London Review of Books |language=en-GB}}</ref> Okusinziira ku CAS, ebiwandiiko bya Mamdani "bibadde bikulu mu kusomebwa abayizi abali ku misomo gyabwe egya undergraduate ne Postgraduate ku UCT ssaako n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo ku nsoma y'ebyafaayo n'ebyobufuzi bya Afirika , nga banonyereza ku nkwatagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'obuwangwa, okugerageranya obufuzi bw'amatwale, entalo ez'omunda mu ggwanga n'ekittabantu mu Afirika".<ref name="uwn20182">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> == Emirimu gy'emirala == Okuva mu 1998 <ref name="bio22">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> oba 1999 okutuuka mu 2002, Mamdani yaweereza nga pulezidenti w'olukiiko olukulaakulanya okunoonyereza ku ssaayansi w'embeera z'abantu mu Afrika ([[:en:Council_for_the_Development_of_Social_Science_Research_in_Africa|Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa]]). <ref name="cas20182">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumineebiri 2001, yawa okwogera ku "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" mu lukungaana lwa [[:en:Nobel_Prize|Nobel Centennial Symposium]] e [[:en:Oslo|Oslo]], Norway. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 December 2001 |title=Speech by Dr. Mahmood Mamdani: "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/mediaplayer/index.php?id=1281 |access-date=24 March 2013 |publisher=Nobel Prize}}</ref> Mu Gwomwenda 2006, Mamdani yali omu ku boogezi abaayitibwa mu lukuŋŋaana lw’ekibiina kya [[:en:Ugandan_North_American_Association_(UNAA)|Uganda North American Association (UNAA)]] mu kibuga New York. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2006-09-05 |title=UNAA Convention was disorganised! |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/news/1141390/unaa-convention-disorganised |access-date=2026-02-18 |publisher=New Vision (Kampala)}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano 2011, mu kiseera ky'okwekalakaasa okwali mu kibangirizi kya Tahrir([[:en:Tahrir_Square_protests|Tahrir Square protests]]) mu kibuga [[:en:Cairo|Cairo]], Misiri, Mamdani yayitibwa okwogerako mu [[:en:American_University_of_Cairo|Yunivasite y’Amerika e Cairo]]. Ng’ayogera eri abayizi mu [[:en:University_of_KwaZulu-Natal|yunivasite y’e KwaZulu-Natal]] mu South Africa mu 2012, kino yakigeraageranya n’obwegugungo obwaliwo mu Soweto ([[:en:1976_Soweto_uprising|Soweto Uprising]]) mu 1976 . <ref name="kwazulu2012">{{Cite web |date=24 April 2012 |title=Address on Receiving an Honorary Doctorate at the University of Kwazulu Natal |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/mesaas/images/faculty/news/Mamdani%20commencement.pdf |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] l9xgceihi7ri2679hfwcqa67lum64gu 48675 48674 2026-05-03T09:09:54Z Charles Kalanzi 9748 48675 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mahmood Mamdani''' [ a ] FBA (yazaalibwa 23 Ogwokuna 1946) munnayuganda [[:en:Anthropologist|omukugu mu by'enkula y'abantu]], munnaby'anjigiriza, era omukugu mu by'obufuzi. Ye Herbert Lehman Pulofeesa wa Gavumenti era pulofeesa w’ensonga z'ekikula ky'abantu, [[:en:Political_science|ssaayansi w’ebyobufuzi]], n’okunoonyereza [[:en:African_studies|ku nsoma y'Afirika]] mu [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]] . Era akola nga Ccansala wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda, era nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa ku Center for African Studis mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y'e Cape Town]] . Emabegako yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole kya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. Mamdani mukugu mu kusoma ebyobufuzi bya Afrika n’ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw’amatwale]] n’oluvannyuma [[:en:Postcolonialism|lw'obufuzi bw’amatwale]], n’ebyobufuzi [[:en:Knowledge_economy|by’ebyenfuna]] . Mufumbo nga mukazi we ye [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]] omuzannyi wa firimu . Ye ne Nair be bazadde ba [[:en:New_York_City_Mayor|Meeya w'ekibuga New York]] [[Zohran Mamdani]] . == Obuto bwe n’okusoma == Mahmood Mamdani yazaalibwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1946 mu [[:en:Bombay|kibuga Bombay]] (kati Mumbai), Buyindi, ng’ebula omwaka gumu [[:en:British_Raj|enfuga ya Bungereza]] ekome. <ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/education/news/mahmood-mamdani-education-and-career-path-how-zohran-mamdanis-father-built-a-legacy-of-revolution-through-ideas-and-exile/articleshow/122064130.cms "Mahmood Mamdani education and career path: How Zohran Mamdani's father built a legacy of revolution through ideas and exile"]. ''The Times of India''. 25 June 2025. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN&nbsp;]][https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-8257 0971-825]7. Retrieved 13 July 2025.</ref> <ref name="codesria">{{Cite web |title=Pr. Mahmood Mamdani (1998-2002) |url=https://codesria.org/pr-mahmood-mamdani-1998-2002/ |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> Yakulira mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=23 February 2021 |title=Mahmood Mamdani on Uganda |url=https://africasacountry.com/2011/04/mamdani-on-uganda |website=Africa is a Country}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Permanent Minorities and the Politics of Survivors: A conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://worldpeacefoundation.org/blog/permanent-minorities-and-the-politics-of-survivors-a-conversation-with-mahmood-mamdani/ |website=World Peace Foundation}}</ref> ng'omu ku [[:en:Indian_diaspora_in_Southeast_Africa|Bayindi ababundabunda mu bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba bwa Afrika]] . Bazadde be bombi, [[:en:Gujarati_Muslim|basiraamu Abagujarati]], baazaalibwa era ne bakulira mu kitundu kya Bungereza eky'amatwale ki [[:en:Tanganyika_Territory|Tanganyika]] (leero Tanzania). Abafumbo bano baagenda e Bombay olwo kitaawe n’asomerayo mu ttendekero ekkulu. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Chen |first=Kuan-Hsing |last2=Gao |first2=Shiming |last3=Tang |first3=Xiaolin |date=2016 |title=The formation of an African intellectual: an interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |journal=Inter-Asia Cultural Studies |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=456–480 |doi=10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref>Muhoozi, Mourice (6 March 2022). [https://www.watchdoguganda.com/news/20220306/131449/meet-ugandas-most-iconic-academician-prof-mahmood-mamdani.html "Meet Uganda's most Iconic academician, Prof. Mahmood Mamdani"]. ''Watchdog Uganda''</ref> Famire yaddayo e [[:en:Dar_es_Salaam|Dar es Salaam]], Tanganyika, nga Mamdani wa myaka ebiri, ne bagenda e Uganda nga wa myaka etaano oba mukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Mu kiseera ekyo, Uganda yali yayawulwamu okusinziira ku mawanga, omuli abantu gye babeera, amasomero, emizikiti, n’ebifo abaana we bazannyira. Okusoma kwe mu pulayimale, Mamdani yasooka kugenda mu [[:en:Madrasa|madarasa]], n’oluvannyuma mu Government Indian Primary School. <ref name=":8"/> Yakula ng'ayogera [[:en:Gujarati_language|Olugujarati]], [[:en:Urdu|Oluurdu]] [[:en:Swahili_language|n'Oluswayiri]] . Yatandika okusoma Olungereza mu kibiina eky’omukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Oluvannyuma lw’okusoma siniya ey’awansi, yasomera ku Old Kampala Senior Secondary School, gye yali omuwandiisi w’ekibiina kya Do-it-Yourself Physics. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uganda: Buganda And Uganda At Crossroads |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090826030635/http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |archive-date=26 August 2009 |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=AllAfrica}}</ref> Mamdani yali omu ku bayizi Bannayuganda 23 abaali mu kibiina kya [[:en:The_Kennedy_Airlift|Kennedy Airlift]] mu 1963, enteekateeka ya sikaala eyaweebwa ssente okuva mu Amerika eyaleetera ebikumi n’ebikumi by'abayizi okuva mu [[:en:East_Africa|Buvanjuba bwa Afrika]] okusomera ku yunivasite mu Amerika ne Canada wakati wa 1959 ne 1963. <ref name="indian tele">{{Cite web |last=Sen |first=Manjula |date=25 January 2009 |title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |archive-date=2 February 2009 |access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref> Mamdani yatikkirwa diguli ya Bachelor of Arts okuva mu [[:en:University_of_Pittsburgh|Yunivasite y’e Pittsburgh]] <ref name="codesria"/> mu 1967. <ref>{{Cite book |date=1 January 2010 |title=International Encyclopedia of Civil Society |url=https://link.springer.com/referencework/10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |vauthors=((Anheier, H. K.)), ((Toepler, S.)) |publisher=Springer US |isbn=978-0-387-93994-0 |editor-last=Anheier |editor-first=Helmut K. |doi=10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |editor-last2=Toepler |editor-first2=Stefan}}</ref> Yali omu ku bayizi abangi mu bukiikakkono bwa Amerika abaali mu lugendo lwa bbaasi mu bukiikaddyo okutuuka e [[:en:Montgomery,_Alabama|Montgomery, Alabama]], olwategekebwa [[:en:Student_Nonviolent_Coordinating_Committee|akakiiko akakwasaganya abayizi abatali ba ffujjo]] mu Gwokusatu 1965 okwetaba mu kaweefube w'okulwanirira [[:en:Civil_rights_movement|eddembe ly’obuntu]] . Kino kyaliwo mu kiseera ky’okutambula okuva e [[:en:Selma_to_Montgomery_marches|Selma okutuuka e Montgomery]], naye nga kyo kya njawulo. Yasibibwa mu kkomera mu kutambula kuno era n’akkirizibwa okukuba essimu. Mamdani yakubira [[:en:Embassy_of_Uganda,_Washington,_D.C.|omubaka wa Uganda]] e [[:en:Washington,_DC|Washington, DC]], amuyambe. Omubaka yamubuuza lwaki "ayingirira ensonga z'omunda mu nsi engwira", n'amuddamu nti teyali nsonga ya munda wabula olutalo lw'eddembe era nti nabo eddembe lyabwe baali bakalifuna omwaka ogwakaggwa. <ref name="pambazuka">{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=28 April 2007 |title=The Asian question again: A reflection |url=http://www.pambazuka.org/en/category/comment/41273 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]] (Uganda) |via=pambazuka.org}}</ref> Amangu ddala nga wayiseewo akaseera katono, Mamdani yategeera ku mulimu gwa [[:en:Karl_Marx|Karl Marx]] okuva mu kukyala kwe ku FBI. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Shringarpure |first=Bhakti |author-link=Bhakti Shringarpure |date=15 July 2013 |title=In Conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.warscapes.com/conversations/conversation-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=6 November 2017 |website=Warscapes |language=en |quote=I thought the guy Marx had just died. […] So that was my introduction to Karl Marx.}}</ref> Yasomera ku [[:en:Fletcher_School_of_Law_and_Diplomacy|Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy]] mu [[:en:Tufts_University|Yunivasite ya Tufts]] era mu 1968 yatikkirwa diguli ya Master of Arts mu [[:en:Political_science|byobufuzi]] ne Master of Arts mu mateeka ne diplomacy mu 1969. Yafuna diguli ye [[:en:Doctor_of_philosophy|eyookusatu]] mu gavumenti okuva mu [[:en:Harvard_University|Yunivasite y'e Harvard]] mu 1974, wansi w’obulagirizi bwa [[:en:Karl_Deutsch|Karl Deutsch]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and class formation in Uganda |url=http://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=978-0-85345-378-9 |location=New York |via=Internet Archive}}</ref> Omulamwa kw'eyatambuliza ddiguli ye eyookusatu yagiwa omutwe "''Politics and Class Formation in Uganda."'' <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and Class Formation in Uganda |url=https://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=0-85345-378-0 |location=New York |oclc=2073894 |url-access=registration}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Allen |first=Judith Van |last2=Mamdani |first2=Mahmood |last3=Shivji |first3=Issa G. |date=November 1977 |title=Reviewed Works: Politics and Class Formation in Uganda. by Mahmood Mamdani; Class Struggles in Tanzania. by Issa G. Shivji |journal=Contemporary Sociology |publisher=American Sociological Association |volume=6 |issue=6 |pages=702 |doi=10.2307/2066367 |issn=0094-3061 |eissn=1939-8638 |jstor=2066367}}</ref> == Emirimu gye == Mamdani yakomawo mu Uganda ku ntandikwa ya 1972 era naweebwa omulimu ku [[Makerere University, Uganda|yunivasite y'e Makerere]] mu Kampala [[:en:Teaching_assistant|ng'ayambako omusomesa]], mu kiseera kye kimu yali akola ku kunoonyereza kwe okwa ddiguli eyookusatu. . Ye n’Abaasia abasinga obungi [[:en:Expulsion_of_Asians_from_Uganda|baagobebwa]] mu Uganda ku nkomerero y’omwaka ogwo [[Idi Amin]] olw’amawanga gaabwe; Amin yali agenderera "kuzzaawo" bizinensi n'ebintu. Mamdani yava mu Uganda n’agenda mu nkambi y’ababundabunda mu Bungereza ku ntandikwa y'omwezi Gwekkuminoogumu. <ref name="lrb2022">{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2022-10-06 |title=The Asian Question |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v44/n19/mahmood-mamdani/the-asian-question |journal=[[London Review of Books]] |language=en |volume=44 |issue=19 |issn=0260-9592 |access-date=2025-09-08}}</ref> Yava e Bungereza mu makkati ga 1973 oluvannyuma lw’okuyingizibwa mu [[:en:University_of_Dar_es_Salaam|Yunivasite y’e Dar es Salaam]] mu Tanzania. <ref name="pambazuka"/> <ref name="cas2018">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> <ref name="bio2">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> Mu Dar es Salaam, yamaliriza okuwandiika dissertation ye. Yali mujjumbize nnyo n’ebibiina ebiwakanya Amin. Mu 1979, yeetaba mu Ttabamiruka w’e Moshi ng’omutunuulizi. Yaddayo mu Uganda oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa ku bukulembeze oluvannyuma lw'olutalo lwa [[Olutalo lwa Uganda ne Tanzania|Uganda ne Tanzania]] mu 1979. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McCormack |first=Pete |date=17 October 2005 |title=Interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.petemccormack.com/interview_mamdani_001.htm |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=petemccormack.com}}</ref> <ref name="bio2" /> Mu kiseera kino, yakozesebwa ng'omutendeke mu kibiina kya [[:en:All_Africa_Conference_of_Churches|All Africa Conference of Churches]], omukago [[:en:Ecumenical_Christian|gw'Abakristaayo ogw'ensi yonna]] ogusangibwa e [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, ng'akolera mu ofiisi [[:en:Church_of_Uganda|y'Ekkanisa ya Uganda]] mu Kampala. <ref name="lrb2022"/> Okuva mu 1980 (oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa mu ntebe mu 1979) okutuuka mu 1993 yaddamu okukolera yunivasite y’e Makerere. <ref name="bio2"/> <ref name="lrb2022"/>​[[Milton Obote|​]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kagolo |first=Francis |date=8 February 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani to be honoured among Africa's best |url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/628869-prof-mamdani-to-be-honoured-among-africa-s-best.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]]}}</ref> Yaddayo e Dar es Salaam. Oluvannyuma lwa Obote okugobwa mu ntebe omulundi ogwokubiri, Mamdani yaddamu okudda mu Uganda mu Gwomukaaga 1986. <ref name="indian tele"/> Yali dayirekita eyatandikawo ekitongole kya Centre for Basic Research (CBR), ekitongole kya Uganda ekitali kya gavumenti ekyasooka mu kunoonyereza, mwe yaweereza okuva mu 1987 okutuuka mu 1996. <ref name="diaspora">{{Cite web |date=29 November 2012 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012 |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=ugandandiaspora.com}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> <ref name="csds">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Yaliko pulofeesa omugenyi ku [[:en:University_of_Durban-Westville|Yunivasite y’e Durban]] - [[:en:Westville,_KwaZulu-Natal|Westville]] mu South Africa (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka mu Gwomukaaga 1993), ku [[:en:Nehru_Memorial_Museum_&_Library|Nehru Memorial Museum & Library]] e New Delhi (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka Gwomukaaga 1995), ne mu [[:en:Princeton_University|Yunivasite y'e Princeton]] (1995–96). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vance |first=Dara |date=2015-11-20 |title=UK Committee on Social Theory Hosts Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://uknow.uky.edu/uk-happenings/uk-committee-social-theory-hosts-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=UKNow}}</ref> Mu 1996, yalondebwa okubeera omukulembeze w’entebe ya [[:en:Archibald_Campbell_Jordan|AC Jordan]] ey'ensoma y'Afirika mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y’e Cape Town]], <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 March 2011 |title=UCT in war over 'bantu education' |url=http://mg.co.za/article/2011-03-11-uct-in-war-over-bantu-education |access-date=22 March 2013}}</ref> era ku ntandikwa ya 1997 n’afuuka akulira [[:en:Centre_for_African_Studies|ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku by'ensoma y'Afirika]] (CAS). <ref name="uwn2018">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> Yavaawo oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obutakkaanya n'abasomesa (abasinga obungi abazungu) ku bbago ly'ensoma ye ey'omusomo ogw'omusingi ku Afrika oguyitibwa "Problematising Africa". <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=June 1, 1998 |title=Is African studies to be turned into a new home for Bantu education at UCT? |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/02533959808458649 |journal=Social Dynamics |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=63–75 |doi=10.1080/02533959808458649 |issn=0253-3952 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> Mamdani, eyalaga nti ensoma eriwo eya " [[:en:Bantu_Education_Act,_1953|Bantu studies]] " (mu kujjuliza ku kusomesa Abaddugavu wansi w'enfuga [[:en:Apartheid|y'obusosoze]] ) <ref name="cas2018" /> yayimirizibwa era okukkakkana ng'alekulidde. <ref name="davis2017">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> "Ensonga ya Mamdani" ekyayogerwako mu kukubaganya ebirowoozo ku [[:en:Decolonization_of_higher_education_in_South_Africa|kununula amatendekero aga waggulu okuva mu nsoma y'abamatwale]] . Oluvannyuma yagamba nti teyalina busungu ku muntu yenna, era yalina enkolagana ennungi ekiseera kye yamalayo. Yagamba nti obutakwatagana bwali ku njawulo mu ndowooza n'addala ensengeka y’ensoma ku bikwata ku kusoma South Africa ng’ensi ya Afrika. Oluvannyuma (2018) yakomezebwawo nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa asuutibwa. [ b ] <ref name="uwn2018" /> Mu 1999, Mamdani yalondebwa okuba dayirekita w’ekitongole ekikola ku by’okunoonyereza ku Afirika mu yunivasite ya Columbia, ekifo kye yalina okutuusa mu 2004. <ref name="uwn2018"/> Okuva olwo abadde asomesa eyo (nga 2025). <ref name="haag2025">{{Cite web |last=Haag |first=Matthew |last2=Goldberg |first2=Emma |date=27 June 2025 |title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |archive-date=7 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku mbeera z’abantu ekya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=18 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University]] |archive-date=2 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002055113/http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Agaba |first=John |title=Mamdani talks about his research legacy and work at Makerere |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20220329112608625 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="bio2"/> Okutuuka mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2025 [[:en:Columbia_University#Academics|pulofeesa wa Herbert Lehman mu Gavumenti]] era pulofeesa ku nkula y'abantu, okusoma saayansi w'ebyobufuzi [[:en:African_studies|n'okusoma ku Afirika]] ku [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]].<ref name="bio2" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Faculty Bio: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/anthropology/fac-bios/mamdani/faculty.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Era akola nga chancellor wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://kiu.ac.ug/news-page.php?i=press-release-kampala-international-university-kiu-appoints-prof-mahmood-mamdani-as-chancellor |access-date=24 August 2020 |publisher=[[Kampala International University]]}}</ref> == Okunoonyereza n'okuwandiika == Mamdani yeemalira mu kunoonyereza ku byobufuzi bya Afirika n'eby'ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw'amatwale]] [[:en:Postcolonialism|n'oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale]], n'ebyobufuzi by'ebyenfuna. Ebitabo bye byekenneenya enkolagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'ebyobuwangwa, okugeraageranya [[:en:Colonialism|okufugibwa kw'amatwale]] okuva mu 1452, ebyafaayo by'entalo z'omunda [[:en:Genocide|n'ekitta bantu]] mu Afirika, [[:en:Cold_War|Olutalo olw'Ensi Yonna olw'ebigambo]] [[:en:War_on_terror|n'olutalo ku butujju]], n'ebyafaayo by'eddembe ly'obuntu.<ref>vSneh, Itai Nartzizenfield (2008). [https://books.google.com/books?id=iax4AAAAMAAJ ''The Future Almost Arrived: How Jimmy Carter Failed to Change U.S. Foreign Policy''.] [[:en:Peter_Lang_(publishing_company)|Peter Lang]]. p. 169. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780820481852|9780820481852]]</bdi>.</ref> Okunoonyereza kwe okw'omwaka 2016 kwatandikira ku kitabo kye eky'omwaka 1996, [[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]. <ref>[http://polisci.columbia.edu/people/profile/96 "Mahmood Mamdani | Department of Political Science"]. ''polisci.columbia.edu''. Retrieved 21 January 2016.</ref>Mu kitabo ekyo, yagamba nti eggwanga eryafugibwa terisobola kutegeerwa nga tewekenenyeza bulungi eggwanga eryalifuga.Enkola y'obufuzi bw'amatwale mu Afirika yali eddamu okusoomoozebwa kw'ekibuuzo "ekikulu", era yagamba nti yafuuka "amawanga agaabuluziddwamu".<ref name=":0">Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. pp. 15–16. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|<bdi>9780852553992</bdi>.]]</ref>Kino kyali kikolebwa mu ngeri bbiri: ku ludda olumu nga bafuga butereevu, nga kino kyali kikolwa kya "buyinza" era nga kyali kigenderera okuggya abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo ku ddembe ly'obuntu eryali liweebwa abatuuze mu bitundu ebirala, ate ku ludda olulala nga bafuga mu ngeri etali y'abuteerevu, nga kino kyali kikolebwa mu byalo era nga kizingiramu okuyingiza "bannansi" mu "mateeka g'eggwanga" agaateekebwawo ab'obuyinza mu byalo, era nga kino yakiyita "obwannakyemalira obw'okugabanya obuyinza".<ref name=":0" /> Embeera eno yali "yakusika muguwa" era ng'erimu "engeri bbiri ez'obuyinza wansi w'obuyinza obumu".<ref name=":0" /> Oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale, ebibuga byali tebikyayawulamu bantu lwa langi naye ebyalo byali bikyafugibwa abakulembeze abaali mu nkwawa z'abafuzi b'amatwale, ka babe abakulembeze ab'ennono oba b'ebali bakwasizzaobuyinza nga balina ebiruubirirwa by'okufugisa omukono ogw'ekyuma.<ref>Clapham, Chris (1997). "Review: Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism by Mahmood Mamdani'". ''Royal Institute of International Affairs''. '''73''': 606.</ref>Mu ngeri eno obukulembeze bwonna bwaleeta enjawukana mu mawnga era n'ekutondawo obukulembeze bwabwe obw'enjawulo obwannakyemalira.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref> Mamdani yekennenya ebyafaayo mu South Africa ne Uganda okulaga nti obufuzi bw'amatwale bwakozesa obuyinza obuyitiridde era obuyinza obwo bweyongera okubaawo oluvannyuma lw'ameefuga.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. p. 37. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref>Ng’asomooza endowooza eza bulijjo ku busosoze mu South Afrika nga ez’enjawulo, agamba nti [[:en:Apartheid|obusosoze mu mawanga]] bwali ngeri ya bulijjo ey’ettwale lya Bulaaya mu Africa, nga lizingiramu ensonga [[:en:Indirect_rule|z’obufuzi obutali butereevu]] n’okukwatagana<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1 January 1996 |title=Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism |isbn=9780852553992 |pages=16–18}}</ref> Mu kitabo kye ekyafulumizibwa mu 2004 ekya ''Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: America, the Cold War, and the Roots of Terror'' Mamdani yagamba nti [[:en:Suicide_attack|abeetuze]] balina okumanyibwa "ng'ekika ky'omujaasi" era nti balina "okutegeerwa mu ngeri y'effujjo ly'ebyobufuzi ery'omulembe guno okusinga okuvumwavumwa ng'akabonero k'obukambwe". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bickerton |first=James |date=2025-07-11 |title=Zohran Mamdani's father's remark about suicide bombers comes under scrutiny |url=https://www.newsweek.com/zohran-mamdani-father-remark-about-suicide-bombers-comes-under-scrutiny-2097793 |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref> Omuyivu omu yagamba nti kino si kuwagira kwettisa bbomu wabula kwekenneenya okwanenya '"okusalawo kwa Amerika ku nkola y'ensonga z'ebweru naddala mu kiseera ky'olutalo olw'ebigambo", okutondawo embeera [[:en:Islamic_extremism|y'Obusiraamu obw'annalukalala]] [[:en:Political_violence|n'effujjo mu byobufuzi]] " mwe byakulaakulanira. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Murray |first=Conor |date=Jul 11, 2025 |title=Mahmood Mamdani's Work Does Not Advocate Violence, Expert Says |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/conormurray/2025/07/11/sequoias-maguire-unfairly-targets-zohran-mamdanis-father-fellow-academic-says/ |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko bye bifulumiddde mu ''[[:en:London_Review_of_Books|London Review of Books]]'' n'ekampuni ezifulumya ebitabo ebirala.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/contributors/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=London Review of Books |language=en-GB}}</ref> Okusinziira ku CAS, ebiwandiiko bya Mamdani "bibadde bikulu mu kusomebwa abayizi abali ku misomo gyabwe egya undergraduate ne Postgraduate ku UCT ssaako n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo ku nsoma y'ebyafaayo n'ebyobufuzi bya Afirika , nga banonyereza ku nkwatagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'obuwangwa, okugerageranya obufuzi bw'amatwale, entalo ez'omunda mu ggwanga n'ekittabantu mu Afirika".<ref name="uwn20182">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> == Emirimu gy'emirala == Okuva mu 1998 <ref name="bio22">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> oba 1999 okutuuka mu 2002, Mamdani yaweereza nga pulezidenti w'olukiiko olukulaakulanya okunoonyereza ku ssaayansi w'embeera z'abantu mu Afrika ([[:en:Council_for_the_Development_of_Social_Science_Research_in_Africa|Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa]]). <ref name="cas20182">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumineebiri 2001, yawa okwogera ku "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" mu lukungaana lwa [[:en:Nobel_Prize|Nobel Centennial Symposium]] e [[:en:Oslo|Oslo]], Norway. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 December 2001 |title=Speech by Dr. Mahmood Mamdani: "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/mediaplayer/index.php?id=1281 |access-date=24 March 2013 |publisher=Nobel Prize}}</ref> Mu Gwomwenda 2006, Mamdani yali omu ku boogezi abaayitibwa mu lukuŋŋaana lw’ekibiina kya [[:en:Ugandan_North_American_Association_(UNAA)|Uganda North American Association (UNAA)]] mu kibuga New York. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2006-09-05 |title=UNAA Convention was disorganised! |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/news/1141390/unaa-convention-disorganised |access-date=2026-02-18 |publisher=New Vision (Kampala)}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano 2011, mu kiseera ky'okwekalakaasa okwali mu kibangirizi kya Tahrir([[:en:Tahrir_Square_protests|Tahrir Square protests]]) mu kibuga [[:en:Cairo|Cairo]], Misiri, Mamdani yayitibwa okwogerako mu [[:en:American_University_of_Cairo|Yunivasite y’Amerika e Cairo]]. Ng’ayogera eri abayizi mu [[:en:University_of_KwaZulu-Natal|yunivasite y’e KwaZulu-Natal]] mu South Africa mu 2012, kino yakigeraageranya n’obwegugungo obwaliwo mu Soweto ([[:en:1976_Soweto_uprising|Soweto Uprising]]) mu 1976 . <ref name="kwazulu2012">{{Cite web |date=24 April 2012 |title=Address on Receiving an Honorary Doctorate at the University of Kwazulu Natal |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/mesaas/images/faculty/news/Mamdani%20commencement.pdf |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumi 2011, Mamdani (nga bali wamu ne Rhoda Ann Kanaaneh) y'eyali omwogezi omukulu mu lukungaana lw’eggwanga olwasooka olw’abayizi olw’obwenkanya mu Palestine . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Silver |first=Carly |date=2011-10-16 |title=Reporting live from the first-ever SJP National Conference |url=https://newvoices.org/2011/10/15/reporting-live-from-the-first-ever-sjp-national-conference/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=New Voices |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nathan-Kazis |first=Josh |date=2011-10-11 |title=Pro-Palestinian Student Activists Plan First National Conference |url=https://forward.com/news/144173/pro-palestinian-student-activists-plan-push/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=The Forward |language=en}}</ref> == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] l3f940wm3xel0jzxqszv5xmvh1v6th4 48676 48675 2026-05-03T09:11:20Z Charles Kalanzi 9748 48676 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mahmood Mamdani''' [ a ] FBA (yazaalibwa 23 Ogwokuna 1946) munnayuganda [[:en:Anthropologist|omukugu mu by'enkula y'abantu]], munnaby'anjigiriza, era omukugu mu by'obufuzi. Ye Herbert Lehman Pulofeesa wa Gavumenti era pulofeesa w’ensonga z'ekikula ky'abantu, [[:en:Political_science|ssaayansi w’ebyobufuzi]], n’okunoonyereza [[:en:African_studies|ku nsoma y'Afirika]] mu [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]] . Era akola nga Ccansala wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda, era nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa ku Center for African Studis mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y'e Cape Town]] . Emabegako yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole kya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. Mamdani mukugu mu kusoma ebyobufuzi bya Afrika n’ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw’amatwale]] n’oluvannyuma [[:en:Postcolonialism|lw'obufuzi bw’amatwale]], n’ebyobufuzi [[:en:Knowledge_economy|by’ebyenfuna]] . Mufumbo nga mukazi we ye [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]] omuzannyi wa firimu . Ye ne Nair be bazadde ba [[:en:New_York_City_Mayor|Meeya w'ekibuga New York]] [[Zohran Mamdani]] . == Obuto bwe n’okusoma == Mahmood Mamdani yazaalibwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1946 mu [[:en:Bombay|kibuga Bombay]] (kati Mumbai), Buyindi, ng’ebula omwaka gumu [[:en:British_Raj|enfuga ya Bungereza]] ekome. <ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/education/news/mahmood-mamdani-education-and-career-path-how-zohran-mamdanis-father-built-a-legacy-of-revolution-through-ideas-and-exile/articleshow/122064130.cms "Mahmood Mamdani education and career path: How Zohran Mamdani's father built a legacy of revolution through ideas and exile"]. ''The Times of India''. 25 June 2025. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN&nbsp;]][https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-8257 0971-825]7. Retrieved 13 July 2025.</ref> <ref name="codesria">{{Cite web |title=Pr. Mahmood Mamdani (1998-2002) |url=https://codesria.org/pr-mahmood-mamdani-1998-2002/ |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> Yakulira mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=23 February 2021 |title=Mahmood Mamdani on Uganda |url=https://africasacountry.com/2011/04/mamdani-on-uganda |website=Africa is a Country}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Permanent Minorities and the Politics of Survivors: A conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://worldpeacefoundation.org/blog/permanent-minorities-and-the-politics-of-survivors-a-conversation-with-mahmood-mamdani/ |website=World Peace Foundation}}</ref> ng'omu ku [[:en:Indian_diaspora_in_Southeast_Africa|Bayindi ababundabunda mu bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba bwa Afrika]] . Bazadde be bombi, [[:en:Gujarati_Muslim|basiraamu Abagujarati]], baazaalibwa era ne bakulira mu kitundu kya Bungereza eky'amatwale ki [[:en:Tanganyika_Territory|Tanganyika]] (leero Tanzania). Abafumbo bano baagenda e Bombay olwo kitaawe n’asomerayo mu ttendekero ekkulu. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Chen |first=Kuan-Hsing |last2=Gao |first2=Shiming |last3=Tang |first3=Xiaolin |date=2016 |title=The formation of an African intellectual: an interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |journal=Inter-Asia Cultural Studies |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=456–480 |doi=10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref>Muhoozi, Mourice (6 March 2022). [https://www.watchdoguganda.com/news/20220306/131449/meet-ugandas-most-iconic-academician-prof-mahmood-mamdani.html "Meet Uganda's most Iconic academician, Prof. Mahmood Mamdani"]. ''Watchdog Uganda''</ref> Famire yaddayo e [[:en:Dar_es_Salaam|Dar es Salaam]], Tanganyika, nga Mamdani wa myaka ebiri, ne bagenda e Uganda nga wa myaka etaano oba mukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Mu kiseera ekyo, Uganda yali yayawulwamu okusinziira ku mawanga, omuli abantu gye babeera, amasomero, emizikiti, n’ebifo abaana we bazannyira. Okusoma kwe mu pulayimale, Mamdani yasooka kugenda mu [[:en:Madrasa|madarasa]], n’oluvannyuma mu Government Indian Primary School. <ref name=":8"/> Yakula ng'ayogera [[:en:Gujarati_language|Olugujarati]], [[:en:Urdu|Oluurdu]] [[:en:Swahili_language|n'Oluswayiri]] . Yatandika okusoma Olungereza mu kibiina eky’omukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Oluvannyuma lw’okusoma siniya ey’awansi, yasomera ku Old Kampala Senior Secondary School, gye yali omuwandiisi w’ekibiina kya Do-it-Yourself Physics. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uganda: Buganda And Uganda At Crossroads |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090826030635/http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |archive-date=26 August 2009 |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=AllAfrica}}</ref> Mamdani yali omu ku bayizi Bannayuganda 23 abaali mu kibiina kya [[:en:The_Kennedy_Airlift|Kennedy Airlift]] mu 1963, enteekateeka ya sikaala eyaweebwa ssente okuva mu Amerika eyaleetera ebikumi n’ebikumi by'abayizi okuva mu [[:en:East_Africa|Buvanjuba bwa Afrika]] okusomera ku yunivasite mu Amerika ne Canada wakati wa 1959 ne 1963. <ref name="indian tele">{{Cite web |last=Sen |first=Manjula |date=25 January 2009 |title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |archive-date=2 February 2009 |access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref> Mamdani yatikkirwa diguli ya Bachelor of Arts okuva mu [[:en:University_of_Pittsburgh|Yunivasite y’e Pittsburgh]] <ref name="codesria"/> mu 1967. <ref>{{Cite book |date=1 January 2010 |title=International Encyclopedia of Civil Society |url=https://link.springer.com/referencework/10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |vauthors=((Anheier, H. K.)), ((Toepler, S.)) |publisher=Springer US |isbn=978-0-387-93994-0 |editor-last=Anheier |editor-first=Helmut K. |doi=10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |editor-last2=Toepler |editor-first2=Stefan}}</ref> Yali omu ku bayizi abangi mu bukiikakkono bwa Amerika abaali mu lugendo lwa bbaasi mu bukiikaddyo okutuuka e [[:en:Montgomery,_Alabama|Montgomery, Alabama]], olwategekebwa [[:en:Student_Nonviolent_Coordinating_Committee|akakiiko akakwasaganya abayizi abatali ba ffujjo]] mu Gwokusatu 1965 okwetaba mu kaweefube w'okulwanirira [[:en:Civil_rights_movement|eddembe ly’obuntu]] . Kino kyaliwo mu kiseera ky’okutambula okuva e [[:en:Selma_to_Montgomery_marches|Selma okutuuka e Montgomery]], naye nga kyo kya njawulo. Yasibibwa mu kkomera mu kutambula kuno era n’akkirizibwa okukuba essimu. Mamdani yakubira [[:en:Embassy_of_Uganda,_Washington,_D.C.|omubaka wa Uganda]] e [[:en:Washington,_DC|Washington, DC]], amuyambe. Omubaka yamubuuza lwaki "ayingirira ensonga z'omunda mu nsi engwira", n'amuddamu nti teyali nsonga ya munda wabula olutalo lw'eddembe era nti nabo eddembe lyabwe baali bakalifuna omwaka ogwakaggwa. <ref name="pambazuka">{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=28 April 2007 |title=The Asian question again: A reflection |url=http://www.pambazuka.org/en/category/comment/41273 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]] (Uganda) |via=pambazuka.org}}</ref> Amangu ddala nga wayiseewo akaseera katono, Mamdani yategeera ku mulimu gwa [[:en:Karl_Marx|Karl Marx]] okuva mu kukyala kwe ku FBI. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Shringarpure |first=Bhakti |author-link=Bhakti Shringarpure |date=15 July 2013 |title=In Conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.warscapes.com/conversations/conversation-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=6 November 2017 |website=Warscapes |language=en |quote=I thought the guy Marx had just died. […] So that was my introduction to Karl Marx.}}</ref> Yasomera ku [[:en:Fletcher_School_of_Law_and_Diplomacy|Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy]] mu [[:en:Tufts_University|Yunivasite ya Tufts]] era mu 1968 yatikkirwa diguli ya Master of Arts mu [[:en:Political_science|byobufuzi]] ne Master of Arts mu mateeka ne diplomacy mu 1969. Yafuna diguli ye [[:en:Doctor_of_philosophy|eyookusatu]] mu gavumenti okuva mu [[:en:Harvard_University|Yunivasite y'e Harvard]] mu 1974, wansi w’obulagirizi bwa [[:en:Karl_Deutsch|Karl Deutsch]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and class formation in Uganda |url=http://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=978-0-85345-378-9 |location=New York |via=Internet Archive}}</ref> Omulamwa kw'eyatambuliza ddiguli ye eyookusatu yagiwa omutwe "''Politics and Class Formation in Uganda."'' <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and Class Formation in Uganda |url=https://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=0-85345-378-0 |location=New York |oclc=2073894 |url-access=registration}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Allen |first=Judith Van |last2=Mamdani |first2=Mahmood |last3=Shivji |first3=Issa G. |date=November 1977 |title=Reviewed Works: Politics and Class Formation in Uganda. by Mahmood Mamdani; Class Struggles in Tanzania. by Issa G. Shivji |journal=Contemporary Sociology |publisher=American Sociological Association |volume=6 |issue=6 |pages=702 |doi=10.2307/2066367 |issn=0094-3061 |eissn=1939-8638 |jstor=2066367}}</ref> == Emirimu gye == Mamdani yakomawo mu Uganda ku ntandikwa ya 1972 era naweebwa omulimu ku [[Makerere University, Uganda|yunivasite y'e Makerere]] mu Kampala [[:en:Teaching_assistant|ng'ayambako omusomesa]], mu kiseera kye kimu yali akola ku kunoonyereza kwe okwa ddiguli eyookusatu. . Ye n’Abaasia abasinga obungi [[:en:Expulsion_of_Asians_from_Uganda|baagobebwa]] mu Uganda ku nkomerero y’omwaka ogwo [[Idi Amin]] olw’amawanga gaabwe; Amin yali agenderera "kuzzaawo" bizinensi n'ebintu. Mamdani yava mu Uganda n’agenda mu nkambi y’ababundabunda mu Bungereza ku ntandikwa y'omwezi Gwekkuminoogumu. <ref name="lrb2022">{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2022-10-06 |title=The Asian Question |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v44/n19/mahmood-mamdani/the-asian-question |journal=[[London Review of Books]] |language=en |volume=44 |issue=19 |issn=0260-9592 |access-date=2025-09-08}}</ref> Yava e Bungereza mu makkati ga 1973 oluvannyuma lw’okuyingizibwa mu [[:en:University_of_Dar_es_Salaam|Yunivasite y’e Dar es Salaam]] mu Tanzania. <ref name="pambazuka"/> <ref name="cas2018">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> <ref name="bio2">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> Mu Dar es Salaam, yamaliriza okuwandiika dissertation ye. Yali mujjumbize nnyo n’ebibiina ebiwakanya Amin. Mu 1979, yeetaba mu Ttabamiruka w’e Moshi ng’omutunuulizi. Yaddayo mu Uganda oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa ku bukulembeze oluvannyuma lw'olutalo lwa [[Olutalo lwa Uganda ne Tanzania|Uganda ne Tanzania]] mu 1979. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McCormack |first=Pete |date=17 October 2005 |title=Interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.petemccormack.com/interview_mamdani_001.htm |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=petemccormack.com}}</ref> <ref name="bio2" /> Mu kiseera kino, yakozesebwa ng'omutendeke mu kibiina kya [[:en:All_Africa_Conference_of_Churches|All Africa Conference of Churches]], omukago [[:en:Ecumenical_Christian|gw'Abakristaayo ogw'ensi yonna]] ogusangibwa e [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, ng'akolera mu ofiisi [[:en:Church_of_Uganda|y'Ekkanisa ya Uganda]] mu Kampala. <ref name="lrb2022"/> Okuva mu 1980 (oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa mu ntebe mu 1979) okutuuka mu 1993 yaddamu okukolera yunivasite y’e Makerere. <ref name="bio2"/> <ref name="lrb2022"/>​[[Milton Obote|​]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kagolo |first=Francis |date=8 February 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani to be honoured among Africa's best |url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/628869-prof-mamdani-to-be-honoured-among-africa-s-best.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]]}}</ref> Yaddayo e Dar es Salaam. Oluvannyuma lwa Obote okugobwa mu ntebe omulundi ogwokubiri, Mamdani yaddamu okudda mu Uganda mu Gwomukaaga 1986. <ref name="indian tele"/> Yali dayirekita eyatandikawo ekitongole kya Centre for Basic Research (CBR), ekitongole kya Uganda ekitali kya gavumenti ekyasooka mu kunoonyereza, mwe yaweereza okuva mu 1987 okutuuka mu 1996. <ref name="diaspora">{{Cite web |date=29 November 2012 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012 |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=ugandandiaspora.com}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> <ref name="csds">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Yaliko pulofeesa omugenyi ku [[:en:University_of_Durban-Westville|Yunivasite y’e Durban]] - [[:en:Westville,_KwaZulu-Natal|Westville]] mu South Africa (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka mu Gwomukaaga 1993), ku [[:en:Nehru_Memorial_Museum_&_Library|Nehru Memorial Museum & Library]] e New Delhi (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka Gwomukaaga 1995), ne mu [[:en:Princeton_University|Yunivasite y'e Princeton]] (1995–96). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vance |first=Dara |date=2015-11-20 |title=UK Committee on Social Theory Hosts Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://uknow.uky.edu/uk-happenings/uk-committee-social-theory-hosts-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=UKNow}}</ref> Mu 1996, yalondebwa okubeera omukulembeze w’entebe ya [[:en:Archibald_Campbell_Jordan|AC Jordan]] ey'ensoma y'Afirika mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y’e Cape Town]], <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 March 2011 |title=UCT in war over 'bantu education' |url=http://mg.co.za/article/2011-03-11-uct-in-war-over-bantu-education |access-date=22 March 2013}}</ref> era ku ntandikwa ya 1997 n’afuuka akulira [[:en:Centre_for_African_Studies|ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku by'ensoma y'Afirika]] (CAS). <ref name="uwn2018">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> Yavaawo oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obutakkaanya n'abasomesa (abasinga obungi abazungu) ku bbago ly'ensoma ye ey'omusomo ogw'omusingi ku Afrika oguyitibwa "Problematising Africa". <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=June 1, 1998 |title=Is African studies to be turned into a new home for Bantu education at UCT? |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/02533959808458649 |journal=Social Dynamics |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=63–75 |doi=10.1080/02533959808458649 |issn=0253-3952 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> Mamdani, eyalaga nti ensoma eriwo eya " [[:en:Bantu_Education_Act,_1953|Bantu studies]] " (mu kujjuliza ku kusomesa Abaddugavu wansi w'enfuga [[:en:Apartheid|y'obusosoze]] ) <ref name="cas2018" /> yayimirizibwa era okukkakkana ng'alekulidde. <ref name="davis2017">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> "Ensonga ya Mamdani" ekyayogerwako mu kukubaganya ebirowoozo ku [[:en:Decolonization_of_higher_education_in_South_Africa|kununula amatendekero aga waggulu okuva mu nsoma y'abamatwale]] . Oluvannyuma yagamba nti teyalina busungu ku muntu yenna, era yalina enkolagana ennungi ekiseera kye yamalayo. Yagamba nti obutakwatagana bwali ku njawulo mu ndowooza n'addala ensengeka y’ensoma ku bikwata ku kusoma South Africa ng’ensi ya Afrika. Oluvannyuma (2018) yakomezebwawo nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa asuutibwa. [ b ] <ref name="uwn2018" /> Mu 1999, Mamdani yalondebwa okuba dayirekita w’ekitongole ekikola ku by’okunoonyereza ku Afirika mu yunivasite ya Columbia, ekifo kye yalina okutuusa mu 2004. <ref name="uwn2018"/> Okuva olwo abadde asomesa eyo (nga 2025). <ref name="haag2025">{{Cite web |last=Haag |first=Matthew |last2=Goldberg |first2=Emma |date=27 June 2025 |title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |archive-date=7 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku mbeera z’abantu ekya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=18 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University]] |archive-date=2 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002055113/http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Agaba |first=John |title=Mamdani talks about his research legacy and work at Makerere |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20220329112608625 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="bio2"/> Okutuuka mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2025 [[:en:Columbia_University#Academics|pulofeesa wa Herbert Lehman mu Gavumenti]] era pulofeesa ku nkula y'abantu, okusoma saayansi w'ebyobufuzi [[:en:African_studies|n'okusoma ku Afirika]] ku [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]].<ref name="bio2" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Faculty Bio: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/anthropology/fac-bios/mamdani/faculty.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Era akola nga chancellor wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://kiu.ac.ug/news-page.php?i=press-release-kampala-international-university-kiu-appoints-prof-mahmood-mamdani-as-chancellor |access-date=24 August 2020 |publisher=[[Kampala International University]]}}</ref> == Okunoonyereza n'okuwandiika == Mamdani yeemalira mu kunoonyereza ku byobufuzi bya Afirika n'eby'ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw'amatwale]] [[:en:Postcolonialism|n'oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale]], n'ebyobufuzi by'ebyenfuna. Ebitabo bye byekenneenya enkolagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'ebyobuwangwa, okugeraageranya [[:en:Colonialism|okufugibwa kw'amatwale]] okuva mu 1452, ebyafaayo by'entalo z'omunda [[:en:Genocide|n'ekitta bantu]] mu Afirika, [[:en:Cold_War|Olutalo olw'Ensi Yonna olw'ebigambo]] [[:en:War_on_terror|n'olutalo ku butujju]], n'ebyafaayo by'eddembe ly'obuntu.<ref>vSneh, Itai Nartzizenfield (2008). [https://books.google.com/books?id=iax4AAAAMAAJ ''The Future Almost Arrived: How Jimmy Carter Failed to Change U.S. Foreign Policy''.] [[:en:Peter_Lang_(publishing_company)|Peter Lang]]. p. 169. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780820481852|9780820481852]]</bdi>.</ref> Okunoonyereza kwe okw'omwaka 2016 kwatandikira ku kitabo kye eky'omwaka 1996, [[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]. <ref>[http://polisci.columbia.edu/people/profile/96 "Mahmood Mamdani | Department of Political Science"]. ''polisci.columbia.edu''. Retrieved 21 January 2016.</ref>Mu kitabo ekyo, yagamba nti eggwanga eryafugibwa terisobola kutegeerwa nga tewekenenyeza bulungi eggwanga eryalifuga.Enkola y'obufuzi bw'amatwale mu Afirika yali eddamu okusoomoozebwa kw'ekibuuzo "ekikulu", era yagamba nti yafuuka "amawanga agaabuluziddwamu".<ref name=":0">Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. pp. 15–16. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|<bdi>9780852553992</bdi>.]]</ref>Kino kyali kikolebwa mu ngeri bbiri: ku ludda olumu nga bafuga butereevu, nga kino kyali kikolwa kya "buyinza" era nga kyali kigenderera okuggya abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo ku ddembe ly'obuntu eryali liweebwa abatuuze mu bitundu ebirala, ate ku ludda olulala nga bafuga mu ngeri etali y'abuteerevu, nga kino kyali kikolebwa mu byalo era nga kizingiramu okuyingiza "bannansi" mu "mateeka g'eggwanga" agaateekebwawo ab'obuyinza mu byalo, era nga kino yakiyita "obwannakyemalira obw'okugabanya obuyinza".<ref name=":0" /> Embeera eno yali "yakusika muguwa" era ng'erimu "engeri bbiri ez'obuyinza wansi w'obuyinza obumu".<ref name=":0" /> Oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale, ebibuga byali tebikyayawulamu bantu lwa langi naye ebyalo byali bikyafugibwa abakulembeze abaali mu nkwawa z'abafuzi b'amatwale, ka babe abakulembeze ab'ennono oba b'ebali bakwasizzaobuyinza nga balina ebiruubirirwa by'okufugisa omukono ogw'ekyuma.<ref>Clapham, Chris (1997). "Review: Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism by Mahmood Mamdani'". ''Royal Institute of International Affairs''. '''73''': 606.</ref>Mu ngeri eno obukulembeze bwonna bwaleeta enjawukana mu mawnga era n'ekutondawo obukulembeze bwabwe obw'enjawulo obwannakyemalira.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref> Mamdani yekennenya ebyafaayo mu South Africa ne Uganda okulaga nti obufuzi bw'amatwale bwakozesa obuyinza obuyitiridde era obuyinza obwo bweyongera okubaawo oluvannyuma lw'ameefuga.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. p. 37. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref>Ng’asomooza endowooza eza bulijjo ku busosoze mu South Afrika nga ez’enjawulo, agamba nti [[:en:Apartheid|obusosoze mu mawanga]] bwali ngeri ya bulijjo ey’ettwale lya Bulaaya mu Africa, nga lizingiramu ensonga [[:en:Indirect_rule|z’obufuzi obutali butereevu]] n’okukwatagana<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1 January 1996 |title=Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism |isbn=9780852553992 |pages=16–18}}</ref> Mu kitabo kye ekyafulumizibwa mu 2004 ekya ''Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: America, the Cold War, and the Roots of Terror'' Mamdani yagamba nti [[:en:Suicide_attack|abeetuze]] balina okumanyibwa "ng'ekika ky'omujaasi" era nti balina "okutegeerwa mu ngeri y'effujjo ly'ebyobufuzi ery'omulembe guno okusinga okuvumwavumwa ng'akabonero k'obukambwe". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bickerton |first=James |date=2025-07-11 |title=Zohran Mamdani's father's remark about suicide bombers comes under scrutiny |url=https://www.newsweek.com/zohran-mamdani-father-remark-about-suicide-bombers-comes-under-scrutiny-2097793 |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref> Omuyivu omu yagamba nti kino si kuwagira kwettisa bbomu wabula kwekenneenya okwanenya '"okusalawo kwa Amerika ku nkola y'ensonga z'ebweru naddala mu kiseera ky'olutalo olw'ebigambo", okutondawo embeera [[:en:Islamic_extremism|y'Obusiraamu obw'annalukalala]] [[:en:Political_violence|n'effujjo mu byobufuzi]] " mwe byakulaakulanira. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Murray |first=Conor |date=Jul 11, 2025 |title=Mahmood Mamdani's Work Does Not Advocate Violence, Expert Says |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/conormurray/2025/07/11/sequoias-maguire-unfairly-targets-zohran-mamdanis-father-fellow-academic-says/ |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko bye bifulumiddde mu ''[[:en:London_Review_of_Books|London Review of Books]]'' n'ekampuni ezifulumya ebitabo ebirala.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/contributors/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=London Review of Books |language=en-GB}}</ref> Okusinziira ku CAS, ebiwandiiko bya Mamdani "bibadde bikulu mu kusomebwa abayizi abali ku misomo gyabwe egya undergraduate ne Postgraduate ku UCT ssaako n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo ku nsoma y'ebyafaayo n'ebyobufuzi bya Afirika , nga banonyereza ku nkwatagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'obuwangwa, okugerageranya obufuzi bw'amatwale, entalo ez'omunda mu ggwanga n'ekittabantu mu Afirika".<ref name="uwn20182">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> == Emirimu gy'emirala == Okuva mu 1998 <ref name="bio22">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> oba 1999 okutuuka mu 2002, Mamdani yaweereza nga pulezidenti w'olukiiko olukulaakulanya okunoonyereza ku ssaayansi w'embeera z'abantu mu Afrika ([[:en:Council_for_the_Development_of_Social_Science_Research_in_Africa|Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa]]). <ref name="cas20182">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumineebiri 2001, yawa okwogera ku "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" mu lukungaana lwa [[:en:Nobel_Prize|Nobel Centennial Symposium]] e [[:en:Oslo|Oslo]], Norway. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 December 2001 |title=Speech by Dr. Mahmood Mamdani: "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/mediaplayer/index.php?id=1281 |access-date=24 March 2013 |publisher=Nobel Prize}}</ref> Mu Gwomwenda 2006, Mamdani yali omu ku boogezi abaayitibwa mu lukuŋŋaana lw’ekibiina kya [[:en:Ugandan_North_American_Association_(UNAA)|Uganda North American Association (UNAA)]] mu kibuga New York. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2006-09-05 |title=UNAA Convention was disorganised! |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/news/1141390/unaa-convention-disorganised |access-date=2026-02-18 |publisher=New Vision (Kampala)}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano 2011, mu kiseera ky'okwekalakaasa okwali mu kibangirizi kya Tahrir([[:en:Tahrir_Square_protests|Tahrir Square protests]]) mu kibuga [[:en:Cairo|Cairo]], Misiri, Mamdani yayitibwa okwogerako mu [[:en:American_University_of_Cairo|Yunivasite y’Amerika e Cairo]]. Ng’ayogera eri abayizi mu [[:en:University_of_KwaZulu-Natal|yunivasite y’e KwaZulu-Natal]] mu South Africa mu 2012, kino yakigeraageranya n’obwegugungo obwaliwo mu Soweto ([[:en:1976_Soweto_uprising|Soweto Uprising]]) mu 1976 . <ref name="kwazulu2012">{{Cite web |date=24 April 2012 |title=Address on Receiving an Honorary Doctorate at the University of Kwazulu Natal |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/mesaas/images/faculty/news/Mamdani%20commencement.pdf |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumi 2011, Mamdani (nga bali wamu ne Rhoda Ann Kanaaneh) y'eyali omwogezi omukulu mu lukungaana lw’eggwanga olwasooka olw’abayizi olwa [[:en:Students_for_Justice_in_Palestine|Students for Justice in Palestine]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Silver |first=Carly |date=2011-10-16 |title=Reporting live from the first-ever SJP National Conference |url=https://newvoices.org/2011/10/15/reporting-live-from-the-first-ever-sjp-national-conference/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=New Voices |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nathan-Kazis |first=Josh |date=2011-10-11 |title=Pro-Palestinian Student Activists Plan First National Conference |url=https://forward.com/news/144173/pro-palestinian-student-activists-plan-push/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=The Forward |language=en}}</ref> == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] tfo4fi6lkted8yiaovcrs33fdowmkz8 48677 48676 2026-05-03T09:14:00Z Charles Kalanzi 9748 48677 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mahmood Mamdani''' [ a ] FBA (yazaalibwa 23 Ogwokuna 1946) munnayuganda [[:en:Anthropologist|omukugu mu by'enkula y'abantu]], munnaby'anjigiriza, era omukugu mu by'obufuzi. Ye Herbert Lehman Pulofeesa wa Gavumenti era pulofeesa w’ensonga z'ekikula ky'abantu, [[:en:Political_science|ssaayansi w’ebyobufuzi]], n’okunoonyereza [[:en:African_studies|ku nsoma y'Afirika]] mu [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]] . Era akola nga Ccansala wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda, era nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa ku Center for African Studis mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y'e Cape Town]] . Emabegako yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole kya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. Mamdani mukugu mu kusoma ebyobufuzi bya Afrika n’ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw’amatwale]] n’oluvannyuma [[:en:Postcolonialism|lw'obufuzi bw’amatwale]], n’ebyobufuzi [[:en:Knowledge_economy|by’ebyenfuna]] . Mufumbo nga mukazi we ye [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]] omuzannyi wa firimu . Ye ne Nair be bazadde ba [[:en:New_York_City_Mayor|Meeya w'ekibuga New York]] [[Zohran Mamdani]] . == Obuto bwe n’okusoma == Mahmood Mamdani yazaalibwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1946 mu [[:en:Bombay|kibuga Bombay]] (kati Mumbai), Buyindi, ng’ebula omwaka gumu [[:en:British_Raj|enfuga ya Bungereza]] ekome. <ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/education/news/mahmood-mamdani-education-and-career-path-how-zohran-mamdanis-father-built-a-legacy-of-revolution-through-ideas-and-exile/articleshow/122064130.cms "Mahmood Mamdani education and career path: How Zohran Mamdani's father built a legacy of revolution through ideas and exile"]. ''The Times of India''. 25 June 2025. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN&nbsp;]][https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-8257 0971-825]7. Retrieved 13 July 2025.</ref> <ref name="codesria">{{Cite web |title=Pr. Mahmood Mamdani (1998-2002) |url=https://codesria.org/pr-mahmood-mamdani-1998-2002/ |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> Yakulira mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=23 February 2021 |title=Mahmood Mamdani on Uganda |url=https://africasacountry.com/2011/04/mamdani-on-uganda |website=Africa is a Country}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Permanent Minorities and the Politics of Survivors: A conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://worldpeacefoundation.org/blog/permanent-minorities-and-the-politics-of-survivors-a-conversation-with-mahmood-mamdani/ |website=World Peace Foundation}}</ref> ng'omu ku [[:en:Indian_diaspora_in_Southeast_Africa|Bayindi ababundabunda mu bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba bwa Afrika]] . Bazadde be bombi, [[:en:Gujarati_Muslim|basiraamu Abagujarati]], baazaalibwa era ne bakulira mu kitundu kya Bungereza eky'amatwale ki [[:en:Tanganyika_Territory|Tanganyika]] (leero Tanzania). Abafumbo bano baagenda e Bombay olwo kitaawe n’asomerayo mu ttendekero ekkulu. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Chen |first=Kuan-Hsing |last2=Gao |first2=Shiming |last3=Tang |first3=Xiaolin |date=2016 |title=The formation of an African intellectual: an interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |journal=Inter-Asia Cultural Studies |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=456–480 |doi=10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref>Muhoozi, Mourice (6 March 2022). [https://www.watchdoguganda.com/news/20220306/131449/meet-ugandas-most-iconic-academician-prof-mahmood-mamdani.html "Meet Uganda's most Iconic academician, Prof. Mahmood Mamdani"]. ''Watchdog Uganda''</ref> Famire yaddayo e [[:en:Dar_es_Salaam|Dar es Salaam]], Tanganyika, nga Mamdani wa myaka ebiri, ne bagenda e Uganda nga wa myaka etaano oba mukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Mu kiseera ekyo, Uganda yali yayawulwamu okusinziira ku mawanga, omuli abantu gye babeera, amasomero, emizikiti, n’ebifo abaana we bazannyira. Okusoma kwe mu pulayimale, Mamdani yasooka kugenda mu [[:en:Madrasa|madarasa]], n’oluvannyuma mu Government Indian Primary School. <ref name=":8"/> Yakula ng'ayogera [[:en:Gujarati_language|Olugujarati]], [[:en:Urdu|Oluurdu]] [[:en:Swahili_language|n'Oluswayiri]] . Yatandika okusoma Olungereza mu kibiina eky’omukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Oluvannyuma lw’okusoma siniya ey’awansi, yasomera ku Old Kampala Senior Secondary School, gye yali omuwandiisi w’ekibiina kya Do-it-Yourself Physics. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uganda: Buganda And Uganda At Crossroads |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090826030635/http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |archive-date=26 August 2009 |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=AllAfrica}}</ref> Mamdani yali omu ku bayizi Bannayuganda 23 abaali mu kibiina kya [[:en:The_Kennedy_Airlift|Kennedy Airlift]] mu 1963, enteekateeka ya sikaala eyaweebwa ssente okuva mu Amerika eyaleetera ebikumi n’ebikumi by'abayizi okuva mu [[:en:East_Africa|Buvanjuba bwa Afrika]] okusomera ku yunivasite mu Amerika ne Canada wakati wa 1959 ne 1963. <ref name="indian tele">{{Cite web |last=Sen |first=Manjula |date=25 January 2009 |title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |archive-date=2 February 2009 |access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref> Mamdani yatikkirwa diguli ya Bachelor of Arts okuva mu [[:en:University_of_Pittsburgh|Yunivasite y’e Pittsburgh]] <ref name="codesria"/> mu 1967. <ref>{{Cite book |date=1 January 2010 |title=International Encyclopedia of Civil Society |url=https://link.springer.com/referencework/10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |vauthors=((Anheier, H. K.)), ((Toepler, S.)) |publisher=Springer US |isbn=978-0-387-93994-0 |editor-last=Anheier |editor-first=Helmut K. |doi=10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |editor-last2=Toepler |editor-first2=Stefan}}</ref> Yali omu ku bayizi abangi mu bukiikakkono bwa Amerika abaali mu lugendo lwa bbaasi mu bukiikaddyo okutuuka e [[:en:Montgomery,_Alabama|Montgomery, Alabama]], olwategekebwa [[:en:Student_Nonviolent_Coordinating_Committee|akakiiko akakwasaganya abayizi abatali ba ffujjo]] mu Gwokusatu 1965 okwetaba mu kaweefube w'okulwanirira [[:en:Civil_rights_movement|eddembe ly’obuntu]] . Kino kyaliwo mu kiseera ky’okutambula okuva e [[:en:Selma_to_Montgomery_marches|Selma okutuuka e Montgomery]], naye nga kyo kya njawulo. Yasibibwa mu kkomera mu kutambula kuno era n’akkirizibwa okukuba essimu. Mamdani yakubira [[:en:Embassy_of_Uganda,_Washington,_D.C.|omubaka wa Uganda]] e [[:en:Washington,_DC|Washington, DC]], amuyambe. Omubaka yamubuuza lwaki "ayingirira ensonga z'omunda mu nsi engwira", n'amuddamu nti teyali nsonga ya munda wabula olutalo lw'eddembe era nti nabo eddembe lyabwe baali bakalifuna omwaka ogwakaggwa. <ref name="pambazuka">{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=28 April 2007 |title=The Asian question again: A reflection |url=http://www.pambazuka.org/en/category/comment/41273 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]] (Uganda) |via=pambazuka.org}}</ref> Amangu ddala nga wayiseewo akaseera katono, Mamdani yategeera ku mulimu gwa [[:en:Karl_Marx|Karl Marx]] okuva mu kukyala kwe ku FBI. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Shringarpure |first=Bhakti |author-link=Bhakti Shringarpure |date=15 July 2013 |title=In Conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.warscapes.com/conversations/conversation-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=6 November 2017 |website=Warscapes |language=en |quote=I thought the guy Marx had just died. […] So that was my introduction to Karl Marx.}}</ref> Yasomera ku [[:en:Fletcher_School_of_Law_and_Diplomacy|Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy]] mu [[:en:Tufts_University|Yunivasite ya Tufts]] era mu 1968 yatikkirwa diguli ya Master of Arts mu [[:en:Political_science|byobufuzi]] ne Master of Arts mu mateeka ne diplomacy mu 1969. Yafuna diguli ye [[:en:Doctor_of_philosophy|eyookusatu]] mu gavumenti okuva mu [[:en:Harvard_University|Yunivasite y'e Harvard]] mu 1974, wansi w’obulagirizi bwa [[:en:Karl_Deutsch|Karl Deutsch]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and class formation in Uganda |url=http://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=978-0-85345-378-9 |location=New York |via=Internet Archive}}</ref> Omulamwa kw'eyatambuliza ddiguli ye eyookusatu yagiwa omutwe "''Politics and Class Formation in Uganda."'' <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and Class Formation in Uganda |url=https://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=0-85345-378-0 |location=New York |oclc=2073894 |url-access=registration}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Allen |first=Judith Van |last2=Mamdani |first2=Mahmood |last3=Shivji |first3=Issa G. |date=November 1977 |title=Reviewed Works: Politics and Class Formation in Uganda. by Mahmood Mamdani; Class Struggles in Tanzania. by Issa G. Shivji |journal=Contemporary Sociology |publisher=American Sociological Association |volume=6 |issue=6 |pages=702 |doi=10.2307/2066367 |issn=0094-3061 |eissn=1939-8638 |jstor=2066367}}</ref> == Emirimu gye == Mamdani yakomawo mu Uganda ku ntandikwa ya 1972 era naweebwa omulimu ku [[Makerere University, Uganda|yunivasite y'e Makerere]] mu Kampala [[:en:Teaching_assistant|ng'ayambako omusomesa]], mu kiseera kye kimu yali akola ku kunoonyereza kwe okwa ddiguli eyookusatu. . Ye n’Abaasia abasinga obungi [[:en:Expulsion_of_Asians_from_Uganda|baagobebwa]] mu Uganda ku nkomerero y’omwaka ogwo [[Idi Amin]] olw’amawanga gaabwe; Amin yali agenderera "kuzzaawo" bizinensi n'ebintu. Mamdani yava mu Uganda n’agenda mu nkambi y’ababundabunda mu Bungereza ku ntandikwa y'omwezi Gwekkuminoogumu. <ref name="lrb2022">{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2022-10-06 |title=The Asian Question |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v44/n19/mahmood-mamdani/the-asian-question |journal=[[London Review of Books]] |language=en |volume=44 |issue=19 |issn=0260-9592 |access-date=2025-09-08}}</ref> Yava e Bungereza mu makkati ga 1973 oluvannyuma lw’okuyingizibwa mu [[:en:University_of_Dar_es_Salaam|Yunivasite y’e Dar es Salaam]] mu Tanzania. <ref name="pambazuka"/> <ref name="cas2018">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> <ref name="bio2">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> Mu Dar es Salaam, yamaliriza okuwandiika dissertation ye. Yali mujjumbize nnyo n’ebibiina ebiwakanya Amin. Mu 1979, yeetaba mu Ttabamiruka w’e Moshi ng’omutunuulizi. Yaddayo mu Uganda oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa ku bukulembeze oluvannyuma lw'olutalo lwa [[Olutalo lwa Uganda ne Tanzania|Uganda ne Tanzania]] mu 1979. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McCormack |first=Pete |date=17 October 2005 |title=Interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.petemccormack.com/interview_mamdani_001.htm |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=petemccormack.com}}</ref> <ref name="bio2" /> Mu kiseera kino, yakozesebwa ng'omutendeke mu kibiina kya [[:en:All_Africa_Conference_of_Churches|All Africa Conference of Churches]], omukago [[:en:Ecumenical_Christian|gw'Abakristaayo ogw'ensi yonna]] ogusangibwa e [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, ng'akolera mu ofiisi [[:en:Church_of_Uganda|y'Ekkanisa ya Uganda]] mu Kampala. <ref name="lrb2022"/> Okuva mu 1980 (oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa mu ntebe mu 1979) okutuuka mu 1993 yaddamu okukolera yunivasite y’e Makerere. <ref name="bio2"/> <ref name="lrb2022"/>​[[Milton Obote|​]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kagolo |first=Francis |date=8 February 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani to be honoured among Africa's best |url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/628869-prof-mamdani-to-be-honoured-among-africa-s-best.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]]}}</ref> Yaddayo e Dar es Salaam. Oluvannyuma lwa Obote okugobwa mu ntebe omulundi ogwokubiri, Mamdani yaddamu okudda mu Uganda mu Gwomukaaga 1986. <ref name="indian tele"/> Yali dayirekita eyatandikawo ekitongole kya Centre for Basic Research (CBR), ekitongole kya Uganda ekitali kya gavumenti ekyasooka mu kunoonyereza, mwe yaweereza okuva mu 1987 okutuuka mu 1996. <ref name="diaspora">{{Cite web |date=29 November 2012 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012 |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=ugandandiaspora.com}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> <ref name="csds">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Yaliko pulofeesa omugenyi ku [[:en:University_of_Durban-Westville|Yunivasite y’e Durban]] - [[:en:Westville,_KwaZulu-Natal|Westville]] mu South Africa (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka mu Gwomukaaga 1993), ku [[:en:Nehru_Memorial_Museum_&_Library|Nehru Memorial Museum & Library]] e New Delhi (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka Gwomukaaga 1995), ne mu [[:en:Princeton_University|Yunivasite y'e Princeton]] (1995–96). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vance |first=Dara |date=2015-11-20 |title=UK Committee on Social Theory Hosts Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://uknow.uky.edu/uk-happenings/uk-committee-social-theory-hosts-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=UKNow}}</ref> Mu 1996, yalondebwa okubeera omukulembeze w’entebe ya [[:en:Archibald_Campbell_Jordan|AC Jordan]] ey'ensoma y'Afirika mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y’e Cape Town]], <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 March 2011 |title=UCT in war over 'bantu education' |url=http://mg.co.za/article/2011-03-11-uct-in-war-over-bantu-education |access-date=22 March 2013}}</ref> era ku ntandikwa ya 1997 n’afuuka akulira [[:en:Centre_for_African_Studies|ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku by'ensoma y'Afirika]] (CAS). <ref name="uwn2018">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> Yavaawo oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obutakkaanya n'abasomesa (abasinga obungi abazungu) ku bbago ly'ensoma ye ey'omusomo ogw'omusingi ku Afrika oguyitibwa "Problematising Africa". <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=June 1, 1998 |title=Is African studies to be turned into a new home for Bantu education at UCT? |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/02533959808458649 |journal=Social Dynamics |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=63–75 |doi=10.1080/02533959808458649 |issn=0253-3952 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> Mamdani, eyalaga nti ensoma eriwo eya " [[:en:Bantu_Education_Act,_1953|Bantu studies]] " (mu kujjuliza ku kusomesa Abaddugavu wansi w'enfuga [[:en:Apartheid|y'obusosoze]] ) <ref name="cas2018" /> yayimirizibwa era okukkakkana ng'alekulidde. <ref name="davis2017">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> "Ensonga ya Mamdani" ekyayogerwako mu kukubaganya ebirowoozo ku [[:en:Decolonization_of_higher_education_in_South_Africa|kununula amatendekero aga waggulu okuva mu nsoma y'abamatwale]] . Oluvannyuma yagamba nti teyalina busungu ku muntu yenna, era yalina enkolagana ennungi ekiseera kye yamalayo. Yagamba nti obutakwatagana bwali ku njawulo mu ndowooza n'addala ensengeka y’ensoma ku bikwata ku kusoma South Africa ng’ensi ya Afrika. Oluvannyuma (2018) yakomezebwawo nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa asuutibwa. [ b ] <ref name="uwn2018" /> Mu 1999, Mamdani yalondebwa okuba dayirekita w’ekitongole ekikola ku by’okunoonyereza ku Afirika mu yunivasite ya Columbia, ekifo kye yalina okutuusa mu 2004. <ref name="uwn2018"/> Okuva olwo abadde asomesa eyo (nga 2025). <ref name="haag2025">{{Cite web |last=Haag |first=Matthew |last2=Goldberg |first2=Emma |date=27 June 2025 |title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |archive-date=7 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku mbeera z’abantu ekya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=18 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University]] |archive-date=2 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002055113/http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Agaba |first=John |title=Mamdani talks about his research legacy and work at Makerere |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20220329112608625 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="bio2"/> Okutuuka mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2025 [[:en:Columbia_University#Academics|pulofeesa wa Herbert Lehman mu Gavumenti]] era pulofeesa ku nkula y'abantu, okusoma saayansi w'ebyobufuzi [[:en:African_studies|n'okusoma ku Afirika]] ku [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]].<ref name="bio2" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Faculty Bio: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/anthropology/fac-bios/mamdani/faculty.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Era akola nga chancellor wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://kiu.ac.ug/news-page.php?i=press-release-kampala-international-university-kiu-appoints-prof-mahmood-mamdani-as-chancellor |access-date=24 August 2020 |publisher=[[Kampala International University]]}}</ref> == Okunoonyereza n'okuwandiika == Mamdani yeemalira mu kunoonyereza ku byobufuzi bya Afirika n'eby'ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw'amatwale]] [[:en:Postcolonialism|n'oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale]], n'ebyobufuzi by'ebyenfuna. Ebitabo bye byekenneenya enkolagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'ebyobuwangwa, okugeraageranya [[:en:Colonialism|okufugibwa kw'amatwale]] okuva mu 1452, ebyafaayo by'entalo z'omunda [[:en:Genocide|n'ekitta bantu]] mu Afirika, [[:en:Cold_War|Olutalo olw'Ensi Yonna olw'ebigambo]] [[:en:War_on_terror|n'olutalo ku butujju]], n'ebyafaayo by'eddembe ly'obuntu.<ref>vSneh, Itai Nartzizenfield (2008). [https://books.google.com/books?id=iax4AAAAMAAJ ''The Future Almost Arrived: How Jimmy Carter Failed to Change U.S. Foreign Policy''.] [[:en:Peter_Lang_(publishing_company)|Peter Lang]]. p. 169. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780820481852|9780820481852]]</bdi>.</ref> Okunoonyereza kwe okw'omwaka 2016 kwatandikira ku kitabo kye eky'omwaka 1996, [[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]. <ref>[http://polisci.columbia.edu/people/profile/96 "Mahmood Mamdani | Department of Political Science"]. ''polisci.columbia.edu''. Retrieved 21 January 2016.</ref>Mu kitabo ekyo, yagamba nti eggwanga eryafugibwa terisobola kutegeerwa nga tewekenenyeza bulungi eggwanga eryalifuga.Enkola y'obufuzi bw'amatwale mu Afirika yali eddamu okusoomoozebwa kw'ekibuuzo "ekikulu", era yagamba nti yafuuka "amawanga agaabuluziddwamu".<ref name=":0">Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. pp. 15–16. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|<bdi>9780852553992</bdi>.]]</ref>Kino kyali kikolebwa mu ngeri bbiri: ku ludda olumu nga bafuga butereevu, nga kino kyali kikolwa kya "buyinza" era nga kyali kigenderera okuggya abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo ku ddembe ly'obuntu eryali liweebwa abatuuze mu bitundu ebirala, ate ku ludda olulala nga bafuga mu ngeri etali y'abuteerevu, nga kino kyali kikolebwa mu byalo era nga kizingiramu okuyingiza "bannansi" mu "mateeka g'eggwanga" agaateekebwawo ab'obuyinza mu byalo, era nga kino yakiyita "obwannakyemalira obw'okugabanya obuyinza".<ref name=":0" /> Embeera eno yali "yakusika muguwa" era ng'erimu "engeri bbiri ez'obuyinza wansi w'obuyinza obumu".<ref name=":0" /> Oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale, ebibuga byali tebikyayawulamu bantu lwa langi naye ebyalo byali bikyafugibwa abakulembeze abaali mu nkwawa z'abafuzi b'amatwale, ka babe abakulembeze ab'ennono oba b'ebali bakwasizzaobuyinza nga balina ebiruubirirwa by'okufugisa omukono ogw'ekyuma.<ref>Clapham, Chris (1997). "Review: Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism by Mahmood Mamdani'". ''Royal Institute of International Affairs''. '''73''': 606.</ref>Mu ngeri eno obukulembeze bwonna bwaleeta enjawukana mu mawnga era n'ekutondawo obukulembeze bwabwe obw'enjawulo obwannakyemalira.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref> Mamdani yekennenya ebyafaayo mu South Africa ne Uganda okulaga nti obufuzi bw'amatwale bwakozesa obuyinza obuyitiridde era obuyinza obwo bweyongera okubaawo oluvannyuma lw'ameefuga.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. p. 37. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref>Ng’asomooza endowooza eza bulijjo ku busosoze mu South Afrika nga ez’enjawulo, agamba nti [[:en:Apartheid|obusosoze mu mawanga]] bwali ngeri ya bulijjo ey’ettwale lya Bulaaya mu Africa, nga lizingiramu ensonga [[:en:Indirect_rule|z’obufuzi obutali butereevu]] n’okukwatagana<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1 January 1996 |title=Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism |isbn=9780852553992 |pages=16–18}}</ref> Mu kitabo kye ekyafulumizibwa mu 2004 ekya ''Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: America, the Cold War, and the Roots of Terror'' Mamdani yagamba nti [[:en:Suicide_attack|abeetuze]] balina okumanyibwa "ng'ekika ky'omujaasi" era nti balina "okutegeerwa mu ngeri y'effujjo ly'ebyobufuzi ery'omulembe guno okusinga okuvumwavumwa ng'akabonero k'obukambwe". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bickerton |first=James |date=2025-07-11 |title=Zohran Mamdani's father's remark about suicide bombers comes under scrutiny |url=https://www.newsweek.com/zohran-mamdani-father-remark-about-suicide-bombers-comes-under-scrutiny-2097793 |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref> Omuyivu omu yagamba nti kino si kuwagira kwettisa bbomu wabula kwekenneenya okwanenya '"okusalawo kwa Amerika ku nkola y'ensonga z'ebweru naddala mu kiseera ky'olutalo olw'ebigambo", okutondawo embeera [[:en:Islamic_extremism|y'Obusiraamu obw'annalukalala]] [[:en:Political_violence|n'effujjo mu byobufuzi]] " mwe byakulaakulanira. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Murray |first=Conor |date=Jul 11, 2025 |title=Mahmood Mamdani's Work Does Not Advocate Violence, Expert Says |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/conormurray/2025/07/11/sequoias-maguire-unfairly-targets-zohran-mamdanis-father-fellow-academic-says/ |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko bye bifulumiddde mu ''[[:en:London_Review_of_Books|London Review of Books]]'' n'ekampuni ezifulumya ebitabo ebirala.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/contributors/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=London Review of Books |language=en-GB}}</ref> Okusinziira ku CAS, ebiwandiiko bya Mamdani "bibadde bikulu mu kusomebwa abayizi abali ku misomo gyabwe egya undergraduate ne Postgraduate ku UCT ssaako n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo ku nsoma y'ebyafaayo n'ebyobufuzi bya Afirika , nga banonyereza ku nkwatagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'obuwangwa, okugerageranya obufuzi bw'amatwale, entalo ez'omunda mu ggwanga n'ekittabantu mu Afirika".<ref name="uwn20182">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> == Emirimu gy'emirala == Okuva mu 1998 <ref name="bio22">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> oba 1999 okutuuka mu 2002, Mamdani yaweereza nga pulezidenti w'olukiiko olukulaakulanya okunoonyereza ku ssaayansi w'embeera z'abantu mu Afrika ([[:en:Council_for_the_Development_of_Social_Science_Research_in_Africa|Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa]]). <ref name="cas20182">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumineebiri 2001, yawa okwogera ku "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" mu lukungaana lwa [[:en:Nobel_Prize|Nobel Centennial Symposium]] e [[:en:Oslo|Oslo]], Norway. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 December 2001 |title=Speech by Dr. Mahmood Mamdani: "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/mediaplayer/index.php?id=1281 |access-date=24 March 2013 |publisher=Nobel Prize}}</ref> Mu Gwomwenda 2006, Mamdani yali omu ku boogezi abaayitibwa mu lukuŋŋaana lw’ekibiina kya [[:en:Ugandan_North_American_Association_(UNAA)|Uganda North American Association (UNAA)]] mu kibuga New York. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2006-09-05 |title=UNAA Convention was disorganised! |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/news/1141390/unaa-convention-disorganised |access-date=2026-02-18 |publisher=New Vision (Kampala)}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano 2011, mu kiseera ky'okwekalakaasa okwali mu kibangirizi kya Tahrir([[:en:Tahrir_Square_protests|Tahrir Square protests]]) mu kibuga [[:en:Cairo|Cairo]], Misiri, Mamdani yayitibwa okwogerako mu [[:en:American_University_of_Cairo|Yunivasite y’Amerika e Cairo]]. Ng’ayogera eri abayizi mu [[:en:University_of_KwaZulu-Natal|yunivasite y’e KwaZulu-Natal]] mu South Africa mu 2012, kino yakigeraageranya n’obwegugungo obwaliwo mu Soweto ([[:en:1976_Soweto_uprising|Soweto Uprising]]) mu 1976 . <ref name="kwazulu2012">{{Cite web |date=24 April 2012 |title=Address on Receiving an Honorary Doctorate at the University of Kwazulu Natal |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/mesaas/images/faculty/news/Mamdani%20commencement.pdf |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumi 2011, Mamdani (nga bali wamu ne Rhoda Ann Kanaaneh) y'eyali omwogezi omukulu mu lukungaana lw’eggwanga olwasooka olw’abayizi olwa [[:en:Students_for_Justice_in_Palestine|Students for Justice in Palestine]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Silver |first=Carly |date=2011-10-16 |title=Reporting live from the first-ever SJP National Conference |url=https://newvoices.org/2011/10/15/reporting-live-from-the-first-ever-sjp-national-conference/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=New Voices |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nathan-Kazis |first=Josh |date=2011-10-11 |title=Pro-Palestinian Student Activists Plan First National Conference |url=https://forward.com/news/144173/pro-palestinian-student-activists-plan-push/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=The Forward |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2017 yayitibwa okuwa omusomo ku lunaku lwa TB Davie Memorial ku ddembe ly'okusoma mu Yuinivasite y'e Cape Town, == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 6gc713xrejhhx69lofg4cnp686pkshf 48678 48677 2026-05-03T09:15:54Z Charles Kalanzi 9748 48678 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mahmood Mamdani''' [ a ] FBA (yazaalibwa 23 Ogwokuna 1946) munnayuganda [[:en:Anthropologist|omukugu mu by'enkula y'abantu]], munnaby'anjigiriza, era omukugu mu by'obufuzi. Ye Herbert Lehman Pulofeesa wa Gavumenti era pulofeesa w’ensonga z'ekikula ky'abantu, [[:en:Political_science|ssaayansi w’ebyobufuzi]], n’okunoonyereza [[:en:African_studies|ku nsoma y'Afirika]] mu [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]] . Era akola nga Ccansala wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda, era nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa ku Center for African Studis mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y'e Cape Town]] . Emabegako yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole kya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. Mamdani mukugu mu kusoma ebyobufuzi bya Afrika n’ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw’amatwale]] n’oluvannyuma [[:en:Postcolonialism|lw'obufuzi bw’amatwale]], n’ebyobufuzi [[:en:Knowledge_economy|by’ebyenfuna]] . Mufumbo nga mukazi we ye [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]] omuzannyi wa firimu . Ye ne Nair be bazadde ba [[:en:New_York_City_Mayor|Meeya w'ekibuga New York]] [[Zohran Mamdani]] . == Obuto bwe n’okusoma == Mahmood Mamdani yazaalibwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1946 mu [[:en:Bombay|kibuga Bombay]] (kati Mumbai), Buyindi, ng’ebula omwaka gumu [[:en:British_Raj|enfuga ya Bungereza]] ekome. <ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/education/news/mahmood-mamdani-education-and-career-path-how-zohran-mamdanis-father-built-a-legacy-of-revolution-through-ideas-and-exile/articleshow/122064130.cms "Mahmood Mamdani education and career path: How Zohran Mamdani's father built a legacy of revolution through ideas and exile"]. ''The Times of India''. 25 June 2025. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN&nbsp;]][https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-8257 0971-825]7. Retrieved 13 July 2025.</ref> <ref name="codesria">{{Cite web |title=Pr. Mahmood Mamdani (1998-2002) |url=https://codesria.org/pr-mahmood-mamdani-1998-2002/ |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> Yakulira mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=23 February 2021 |title=Mahmood Mamdani on Uganda |url=https://africasacountry.com/2011/04/mamdani-on-uganda |website=Africa is a Country}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Permanent Minorities and the Politics of Survivors: A conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://worldpeacefoundation.org/blog/permanent-minorities-and-the-politics-of-survivors-a-conversation-with-mahmood-mamdani/ |website=World Peace Foundation}}</ref> ng'omu ku [[:en:Indian_diaspora_in_Southeast_Africa|Bayindi ababundabunda mu bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba bwa Afrika]] . Bazadde be bombi, [[:en:Gujarati_Muslim|basiraamu Abagujarati]], baazaalibwa era ne bakulira mu kitundu kya Bungereza eky'amatwale ki [[:en:Tanganyika_Territory|Tanganyika]] (leero Tanzania). Abafumbo bano baagenda e Bombay olwo kitaawe n’asomerayo mu ttendekero ekkulu. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Chen |first=Kuan-Hsing |last2=Gao |first2=Shiming |last3=Tang |first3=Xiaolin |date=2016 |title=The formation of an African intellectual: an interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |journal=Inter-Asia Cultural Studies |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=456–480 |doi=10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref>Muhoozi, Mourice (6 March 2022). [https://www.watchdoguganda.com/news/20220306/131449/meet-ugandas-most-iconic-academician-prof-mahmood-mamdani.html "Meet Uganda's most Iconic academician, Prof. Mahmood Mamdani"]. ''Watchdog Uganda''</ref> Famire yaddayo e [[:en:Dar_es_Salaam|Dar es Salaam]], Tanganyika, nga Mamdani wa myaka ebiri, ne bagenda e Uganda nga wa myaka etaano oba mukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Mu kiseera ekyo, Uganda yali yayawulwamu okusinziira ku mawanga, omuli abantu gye babeera, amasomero, emizikiti, n’ebifo abaana we bazannyira. Okusoma kwe mu pulayimale, Mamdani yasooka kugenda mu [[:en:Madrasa|madarasa]], n’oluvannyuma mu Government Indian Primary School. <ref name=":8"/> Yakula ng'ayogera [[:en:Gujarati_language|Olugujarati]], [[:en:Urdu|Oluurdu]] [[:en:Swahili_language|n'Oluswayiri]] . Yatandika okusoma Olungereza mu kibiina eky’omukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Oluvannyuma lw’okusoma siniya ey’awansi, yasomera ku Old Kampala Senior Secondary School, gye yali omuwandiisi w’ekibiina kya Do-it-Yourself Physics. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uganda: Buganda And Uganda At Crossroads |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090826030635/http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |archive-date=26 August 2009 |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=AllAfrica}}</ref> Mamdani yali omu ku bayizi Bannayuganda 23 abaali mu kibiina kya [[:en:The_Kennedy_Airlift|Kennedy Airlift]] mu 1963, enteekateeka ya sikaala eyaweebwa ssente okuva mu Amerika eyaleetera ebikumi n’ebikumi by'abayizi okuva mu [[:en:East_Africa|Buvanjuba bwa Afrika]] okusomera ku yunivasite mu Amerika ne Canada wakati wa 1959 ne 1963. <ref name="indian tele">{{Cite web |last=Sen |first=Manjula |date=25 January 2009 |title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |archive-date=2 February 2009 |access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref> Mamdani yatikkirwa diguli ya Bachelor of Arts okuva mu [[:en:University_of_Pittsburgh|Yunivasite y’e Pittsburgh]] <ref name="codesria"/> mu 1967. <ref>{{Cite book |date=1 January 2010 |title=International Encyclopedia of Civil Society |url=https://link.springer.com/referencework/10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |vauthors=((Anheier, H. K.)), ((Toepler, S.)) |publisher=Springer US |isbn=978-0-387-93994-0 |editor-last=Anheier |editor-first=Helmut K. |doi=10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |editor-last2=Toepler |editor-first2=Stefan}}</ref> Yali omu ku bayizi abangi mu bukiikakkono bwa Amerika abaali mu lugendo lwa bbaasi mu bukiikaddyo okutuuka e [[:en:Montgomery,_Alabama|Montgomery, Alabama]], olwategekebwa [[:en:Student_Nonviolent_Coordinating_Committee|akakiiko akakwasaganya abayizi abatali ba ffujjo]] mu Gwokusatu 1965 okwetaba mu kaweefube w'okulwanirira [[:en:Civil_rights_movement|eddembe ly’obuntu]] . Kino kyaliwo mu kiseera ky’okutambula okuva e [[:en:Selma_to_Montgomery_marches|Selma okutuuka e Montgomery]], naye nga kyo kya njawulo. Yasibibwa mu kkomera mu kutambula kuno era n’akkirizibwa okukuba essimu. Mamdani yakubira [[:en:Embassy_of_Uganda,_Washington,_D.C.|omubaka wa Uganda]] e [[:en:Washington,_DC|Washington, DC]], amuyambe. Omubaka yamubuuza lwaki "ayingirira ensonga z'omunda mu nsi engwira", n'amuddamu nti teyali nsonga ya munda wabula olutalo lw'eddembe era nti nabo eddembe lyabwe baali bakalifuna omwaka ogwakaggwa. <ref name="pambazuka">{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=28 April 2007 |title=The Asian question again: A reflection |url=http://www.pambazuka.org/en/category/comment/41273 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]] (Uganda) |via=pambazuka.org}}</ref> Amangu ddala nga wayiseewo akaseera katono, Mamdani yategeera ku mulimu gwa [[:en:Karl_Marx|Karl Marx]] okuva mu kukyala kwe ku FBI. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Shringarpure |first=Bhakti |author-link=Bhakti Shringarpure |date=15 July 2013 |title=In Conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.warscapes.com/conversations/conversation-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=6 November 2017 |website=Warscapes |language=en |quote=I thought the guy Marx had just died. […] So that was my introduction to Karl Marx.}}</ref> Yasomera ku [[:en:Fletcher_School_of_Law_and_Diplomacy|Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy]] mu [[:en:Tufts_University|Yunivasite ya Tufts]] era mu 1968 yatikkirwa diguli ya Master of Arts mu [[:en:Political_science|byobufuzi]] ne Master of Arts mu mateeka ne diplomacy mu 1969. Yafuna diguli ye [[:en:Doctor_of_philosophy|eyookusatu]] mu gavumenti okuva mu [[:en:Harvard_University|Yunivasite y'e Harvard]] mu 1974, wansi w’obulagirizi bwa [[:en:Karl_Deutsch|Karl Deutsch]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and class formation in Uganda |url=http://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=978-0-85345-378-9 |location=New York |via=Internet Archive}}</ref> Omulamwa kw'eyatambuliza ddiguli ye eyookusatu yagiwa omutwe "''Politics and Class Formation in Uganda."'' <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and Class Formation in Uganda |url=https://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=0-85345-378-0 |location=New York |oclc=2073894 |url-access=registration}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Allen |first=Judith Van |last2=Mamdani |first2=Mahmood |last3=Shivji |first3=Issa G. |date=November 1977 |title=Reviewed Works: Politics and Class Formation in Uganda. by Mahmood Mamdani; Class Struggles in Tanzania. by Issa G. Shivji |journal=Contemporary Sociology |publisher=American Sociological Association |volume=6 |issue=6 |pages=702 |doi=10.2307/2066367 |issn=0094-3061 |eissn=1939-8638 |jstor=2066367}}</ref> == Emirimu gye == Mamdani yakomawo mu Uganda ku ntandikwa ya 1972 era naweebwa omulimu ku [[Makerere University, Uganda|yunivasite y'e Makerere]] mu Kampala [[:en:Teaching_assistant|ng'ayambako omusomesa]], mu kiseera kye kimu yali akola ku kunoonyereza kwe okwa ddiguli eyookusatu. . Ye n’Abaasia abasinga obungi [[:en:Expulsion_of_Asians_from_Uganda|baagobebwa]] mu Uganda ku nkomerero y’omwaka ogwo [[Idi Amin]] olw’amawanga gaabwe; Amin yali agenderera "kuzzaawo" bizinensi n'ebintu. Mamdani yava mu Uganda n’agenda mu nkambi y’ababundabunda mu Bungereza ku ntandikwa y'omwezi Gwekkuminoogumu. <ref name="lrb2022">{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2022-10-06 |title=The Asian Question |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v44/n19/mahmood-mamdani/the-asian-question |journal=[[London Review of Books]] |language=en |volume=44 |issue=19 |issn=0260-9592 |access-date=2025-09-08}}</ref> Yava e Bungereza mu makkati ga 1973 oluvannyuma lw’okuyingizibwa mu [[:en:University_of_Dar_es_Salaam|Yunivasite y’e Dar es Salaam]] mu Tanzania. <ref name="pambazuka"/> <ref name="cas2018">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> <ref name="bio2">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> Mu Dar es Salaam, yamaliriza okuwandiika dissertation ye. Yali mujjumbize nnyo n’ebibiina ebiwakanya Amin. Mu 1979, yeetaba mu Ttabamiruka w’e Moshi ng’omutunuulizi. Yaddayo mu Uganda oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa ku bukulembeze oluvannyuma lw'olutalo lwa [[Olutalo lwa Uganda ne Tanzania|Uganda ne Tanzania]] mu 1979. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McCormack |first=Pete |date=17 October 2005 |title=Interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.petemccormack.com/interview_mamdani_001.htm |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=petemccormack.com}}</ref> <ref name="bio2" /> Mu kiseera kino, yakozesebwa ng'omutendeke mu kibiina kya [[:en:All_Africa_Conference_of_Churches|All Africa Conference of Churches]], omukago [[:en:Ecumenical_Christian|gw'Abakristaayo ogw'ensi yonna]] ogusangibwa e [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, ng'akolera mu ofiisi [[:en:Church_of_Uganda|y'Ekkanisa ya Uganda]] mu Kampala. <ref name="lrb2022"/> Okuva mu 1980 (oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa mu ntebe mu 1979) okutuuka mu 1993 yaddamu okukolera yunivasite y’e Makerere. <ref name="bio2"/> <ref name="lrb2022"/>​[[Milton Obote|​]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kagolo |first=Francis |date=8 February 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani to be honoured among Africa's best |url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/628869-prof-mamdani-to-be-honoured-among-africa-s-best.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]]}}</ref> Yaddayo e Dar es Salaam. Oluvannyuma lwa Obote okugobwa mu ntebe omulundi ogwokubiri, Mamdani yaddamu okudda mu Uganda mu Gwomukaaga 1986. <ref name="indian tele"/> Yali dayirekita eyatandikawo ekitongole kya Centre for Basic Research (CBR), ekitongole kya Uganda ekitali kya gavumenti ekyasooka mu kunoonyereza, mwe yaweereza okuva mu 1987 okutuuka mu 1996. <ref name="diaspora">{{Cite web |date=29 November 2012 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012 |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=ugandandiaspora.com}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> <ref name="csds">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Yaliko pulofeesa omugenyi ku [[:en:University_of_Durban-Westville|Yunivasite y’e Durban]] - [[:en:Westville,_KwaZulu-Natal|Westville]] mu South Africa (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka mu Gwomukaaga 1993), ku [[:en:Nehru_Memorial_Museum_&_Library|Nehru Memorial Museum & Library]] e New Delhi (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka Gwomukaaga 1995), ne mu [[:en:Princeton_University|Yunivasite y'e Princeton]] (1995–96). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vance |first=Dara |date=2015-11-20 |title=UK Committee on Social Theory Hosts Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://uknow.uky.edu/uk-happenings/uk-committee-social-theory-hosts-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=UKNow}}</ref> Mu 1996, yalondebwa okubeera omukulembeze w’entebe ya [[:en:Archibald_Campbell_Jordan|AC Jordan]] ey'ensoma y'Afirika mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y’e Cape Town]], <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 March 2011 |title=UCT in war over 'bantu education' |url=http://mg.co.za/article/2011-03-11-uct-in-war-over-bantu-education |access-date=22 March 2013}}</ref> era ku ntandikwa ya 1997 n’afuuka akulira [[:en:Centre_for_African_Studies|ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku by'ensoma y'Afirika]] (CAS). <ref name="uwn2018">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> Yavaawo oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obutakkaanya n'abasomesa (abasinga obungi abazungu) ku bbago ly'ensoma ye ey'omusomo ogw'omusingi ku Afrika oguyitibwa "Problematising Africa". <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=June 1, 1998 |title=Is African studies to be turned into a new home for Bantu education at UCT? |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/02533959808458649 |journal=Social Dynamics |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=63–75 |doi=10.1080/02533959808458649 |issn=0253-3952 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> Mamdani, eyalaga nti ensoma eriwo eya " [[:en:Bantu_Education_Act,_1953|Bantu studies]] " (mu kujjuliza ku kusomesa Abaddugavu wansi w'enfuga [[:en:Apartheid|y'obusosoze]] ) <ref name="cas2018" /> yayimirizibwa era okukkakkana ng'alekulidde. <ref name="davis2017">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> "Ensonga ya Mamdani" ekyayogerwako mu kukubaganya ebirowoozo ku [[:en:Decolonization_of_higher_education_in_South_Africa|kununula amatendekero aga waggulu okuva mu nsoma y'abamatwale]] . Oluvannyuma yagamba nti teyalina busungu ku muntu yenna, era yalina enkolagana ennungi ekiseera kye yamalayo. Yagamba nti obutakwatagana bwali ku njawulo mu ndowooza n'addala ensengeka y’ensoma ku bikwata ku kusoma South Africa ng’ensi ya Afrika. Oluvannyuma (2018) yakomezebwawo nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa asuutibwa. [ b ] <ref name="uwn2018" /> Mu 1999, Mamdani yalondebwa okuba dayirekita w’ekitongole ekikola ku by’okunoonyereza ku Afirika mu yunivasite ya Columbia, ekifo kye yalina okutuusa mu 2004. <ref name="uwn2018"/> Okuva olwo abadde asomesa eyo (nga 2025). <ref name="haag2025">{{Cite web |last=Haag |first=Matthew |last2=Goldberg |first2=Emma |date=27 June 2025 |title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |archive-date=7 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku mbeera z’abantu ekya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=18 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University]] |archive-date=2 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002055113/http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Agaba |first=John |title=Mamdani talks about his research legacy and work at Makerere |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20220329112608625 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="bio2"/> Okutuuka mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2025 [[:en:Columbia_University#Academics|pulofeesa wa Herbert Lehman mu Gavumenti]] era pulofeesa ku nkula y'abantu, okusoma saayansi w'ebyobufuzi [[:en:African_studies|n'okusoma ku Afirika]] ku [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]].<ref name="bio2" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Faculty Bio: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/anthropology/fac-bios/mamdani/faculty.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Era akola nga chancellor wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://kiu.ac.ug/news-page.php?i=press-release-kampala-international-university-kiu-appoints-prof-mahmood-mamdani-as-chancellor |access-date=24 August 2020 |publisher=[[Kampala International University]]}}</ref> == Okunoonyereza n'okuwandiika == Mamdani yeemalira mu kunoonyereza ku byobufuzi bya Afirika n'eby'ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw'amatwale]] [[:en:Postcolonialism|n'oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale]], n'ebyobufuzi by'ebyenfuna. Ebitabo bye byekenneenya enkolagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'ebyobuwangwa, okugeraageranya [[:en:Colonialism|okufugibwa kw'amatwale]] okuva mu 1452, ebyafaayo by'entalo z'omunda [[:en:Genocide|n'ekitta bantu]] mu Afirika, [[:en:Cold_War|Olutalo olw'Ensi Yonna olw'ebigambo]] [[:en:War_on_terror|n'olutalo ku butujju]], n'ebyafaayo by'eddembe ly'obuntu.<ref>vSneh, Itai Nartzizenfield (2008). [https://books.google.com/books?id=iax4AAAAMAAJ ''The Future Almost Arrived: How Jimmy Carter Failed to Change U.S. Foreign Policy''.] [[:en:Peter_Lang_(publishing_company)|Peter Lang]]. p. 169. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780820481852|9780820481852]]</bdi>.</ref> Okunoonyereza kwe okw'omwaka 2016 kwatandikira ku kitabo kye eky'omwaka 1996, [[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]. <ref>[http://polisci.columbia.edu/people/profile/96 "Mahmood Mamdani | Department of Political Science"]. ''polisci.columbia.edu''. Retrieved 21 January 2016.</ref>Mu kitabo ekyo, yagamba nti eggwanga eryafugibwa terisobola kutegeerwa nga tewekenenyeza bulungi eggwanga eryalifuga.Enkola y'obufuzi bw'amatwale mu Afirika yali eddamu okusoomoozebwa kw'ekibuuzo "ekikulu", era yagamba nti yafuuka "amawanga agaabuluziddwamu".<ref name=":0">Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. pp. 15–16. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|<bdi>9780852553992</bdi>.]]</ref>Kino kyali kikolebwa mu ngeri bbiri: ku ludda olumu nga bafuga butereevu, nga kino kyali kikolwa kya "buyinza" era nga kyali kigenderera okuggya abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo ku ddembe ly'obuntu eryali liweebwa abatuuze mu bitundu ebirala, ate ku ludda olulala nga bafuga mu ngeri etali y'abuteerevu, nga kino kyali kikolebwa mu byalo era nga kizingiramu okuyingiza "bannansi" mu "mateeka g'eggwanga" agaateekebwawo ab'obuyinza mu byalo, era nga kino yakiyita "obwannakyemalira obw'okugabanya obuyinza".<ref name=":0" /> Embeera eno yali "yakusika muguwa" era ng'erimu "engeri bbiri ez'obuyinza wansi w'obuyinza obumu".<ref name=":0" /> Oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale, ebibuga byali tebikyayawulamu bantu lwa langi naye ebyalo byali bikyafugibwa abakulembeze abaali mu nkwawa z'abafuzi b'amatwale, ka babe abakulembeze ab'ennono oba b'ebali bakwasizzaobuyinza nga balina ebiruubirirwa by'okufugisa omukono ogw'ekyuma.<ref>Clapham, Chris (1997). "Review: Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism by Mahmood Mamdani'". ''Royal Institute of International Affairs''. '''73''': 606.</ref>Mu ngeri eno obukulembeze bwonna bwaleeta enjawukana mu mawnga era n'ekutondawo obukulembeze bwabwe obw'enjawulo obwannakyemalira.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref> Mamdani yekennenya ebyafaayo mu South Africa ne Uganda okulaga nti obufuzi bw'amatwale bwakozesa obuyinza obuyitiridde era obuyinza obwo bweyongera okubaawo oluvannyuma lw'ameefuga.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. p. 37. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref>Ng’asomooza endowooza eza bulijjo ku busosoze mu South Afrika nga ez’enjawulo, agamba nti [[:en:Apartheid|obusosoze mu mawanga]] bwali ngeri ya bulijjo ey’ettwale lya Bulaaya mu Africa, nga lizingiramu ensonga [[:en:Indirect_rule|z’obufuzi obutali butereevu]] n’okukwatagana<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1 January 1996 |title=Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism |isbn=9780852553992 |pages=16–18}}</ref> Mu kitabo kye ekyafulumizibwa mu 2004 ekya ''Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: America, the Cold War, and the Roots of Terror'' Mamdani yagamba nti [[:en:Suicide_attack|abeetuze]] balina okumanyibwa "ng'ekika ky'omujaasi" era nti balina "okutegeerwa mu ngeri y'effujjo ly'ebyobufuzi ery'omulembe guno okusinga okuvumwavumwa ng'akabonero k'obukambwe". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bickerton |first=James |date=2025-07-11 |title=Zohran Mamdani's father's remark about suicide bombers comes under scrutiny |url=https://www.newsweek.com/zohran-mamdani-father-remark-about-suicide-bombers-comes-under-scrutiny-2097793 |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref> Omuyivu omu yagamba nti kino si kuwagira kwettisa bbomu wabula kwekenneenya okwanenya '"okusalawo kwa Amerika ku nkola y'ensonga z'ebweru naddala mu kiseera ky'olutalo olw'ebigambo", okutondawo embeera [[:en:Islamic_extremism|y'Obusiraamu obw'annalukalala]] [[:en:Political_violence|n'effujjo mu byobufuzi]] " mwe byakulaakulanira. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Murray |first=Conor |date=Jul 11, 2025 |title=Mahmood Mamdani's Work Does Not Advocate Violence, Expert Says |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/conormurray/2025/07/11/sequoias-maguire-unfairly-targets-zohran-mamdanis-father-fellow-academic-says/ |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko bye bifulumiddde mu ''[[:en:London_Review_of_Books|London Review of Books]]'' n'ekampuni ezifulumya ebitabo ebirala.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/contributors/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=London Review of Books |language=en-GB}}</ref> Okusinziira ku CAS, ebiwandiiko bya Mamdani "bibadde bikulu mu kusomebwa abayizi abali ku misomo gyabwe egya undergraduate ne Postgraduate ku UCT ssaako n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo ku nsoma y'ebyafaayo n'ebyobufuzi bya Afirika , nga banonyereza ku nkwatagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'obuwangwa, okugerageranya obufuzi bw'amatwale, entalo ez'omunda mu ggwanga n'ekittabantu mu Afirika".<ref name="uwn20182">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> == Emirimu gy'emirala == Okuva mu 1998 <ref name="bio22">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> oba 1999 okutuuka mu 2002, Mamdani yaweereza nga pulezidenti w'olukiiko olukulaakulanya okunoonyereza ku ssaayansi w'embeera z'abantu mu Afrika ([[:en:Council_for_the_Development_of_Social_Science_Research_in_Africa|Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa]]). <ref name="cas20182">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumineebiri 2001, yawa okwogera ku "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" mu lukungaana lwa [[:en:Nobel_Prize|Nobel Centennial Symposium]] e [[:en:Oslo|Oslo]], Norway. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 December 2001 |title=Speech by Dr. Mahmood Mamdani: "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/mediaplayer/index.php?id=1281 |access-date=24 March 2013 |publisher=Nobel Prize}}</ref> Mu Gwomwenda 2006, Mamdani yali omu ku boogezi abaayitibwa mu lukuŋŋaana lw’ekibiina kya [[:en:Ugandan_North_American_Association_(UNAA)|Uganda North American Association (UNAA)]] mu kibuga New York. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2006-09-05 |title=UNAA Convention was disorganised! |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/news/1141390/unaa-convention-disorganised |access-date=2026-02-18 |publisher=New Vision (Kampala)}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano 2011, mu kiseera ky'okwekalakaasa okwali mu kibangirizi kya Tahrir([[:en:Tahrir_Square_protests|Tahrir Square protests]]) mu kibuga [[:en:Cairo|Cairo]], Misiri, Mamdani yayitibwa okwogerako mu [[:en:American_University_of_Cairo|Yunivasite y’Amerika e Cairo]]. Ng’ayogera eri abayizi mu [[:en:University_of_KwaZulu-Natal|yunivasite y’e KwaZulu-Natal]] mu South Africa mu 2012, kino yakigeraageranya n’obwegugungo obwaliwo mu Soweto ([[:en:1976_Soweto_uprising|Soweto Uprising]]) mu 1976 . <ref name="kwazulu2012">{{Cite web |date=24 April 2012 |title=Address on Receiving an Honorary Doctorate at the University of Kwazulu Natal |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/mesaas/images/faculty/news/Mamdani%20commencement.pdf |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumi 2011, Mamdani (nga bali wamu ne Rhoda Ann Kanaaneh) y'eyali omwogezi omukulu mu lukungaana lw’eggwanga olwasooka olw’abayizi olwa [[:en:Students_for_Justice_in_Palestine|Students for Justice in Palestine]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Silver |first=Carly |date=2011-10-16 |title=Reporting live from the first-ever SJP National Conference |url=https://newvoices.org/2011/10/15/reporting-live-from-the-first-ever-sjp-national-conference/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=New Voices |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nathan-Kazis |first=Josh |date=2011-10-11 |title=Pro-Palestinian Student Activists Plan First National Conference |url=https://forward.com/news/144173/pro-palestinian-student-activists-plan-push/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=The Forward |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2017 yayitibwa okuwa omusomo ku lunaku lwa TB Davie Memorial ku ddembe ly'okusoma mu Yuinivasite y'e Cape Town, era emboozi ye, eyatuumibwa "Decolonising the Post-Colonial University" yaleetawo okukubaganya ebirowoozo kungi. <ref name="uwn20183">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="davis20172">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] lv22znsmtnn63fae8zx17x6c5kp0jib 48679 48678 2026-05-03T09:17:12Z Charles Kalanzi 9748 48679 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mahmood Mamdani''' [ a ] FBA (yazaalibwa 23 Ogwokuna 1946) munnayuganda [[:en:Anthropologist|omukugu mu by'enkula y'abantu]], munnaby'anjigiriza, era omukugu mu by'obufuzi. Ye Herbert Lehman Pulofeesa wa Gavumenti era pulofeesa w’ensonga z'ekikula ky'abantu, [[:en:Political_science|ssaayansi w’ebyobufuzi]], n’okunoonyereza [[:en:African_studies|ku nsoma y'Afirika]] mu [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]] . Era akola nga Ccansala wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda, era nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa ku Center for African Studis mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y'e Cape Town]] . Emabegako yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole kya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. Mamdani mukugu mu kusoma ebyobufuzi bya Afrika n’ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw’amatwale]] n’oluvannyuma [[:en:Postcolonialism|lw'obufuzi bw’amatwale]], n’ebyobufuzi [[:en:Knowledge_economy|by’ebyenfuna]] . Mufumbo nga mukazi we ye [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]] omuzannyi wa firimu . Ye ne Nair be bazadde ba [[:en:New_York_City_Mayor|Meeya w'ekibuga New York]] [[Zohran Mamdani]] . == Obuto bwe n’okusoma == Mahmood Mamdani yazaalibwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1946 mu [[:en:Bombay|kibuga Bombay]] (kati Mumbai), Buyindi, ng’ebula omwaka gumu [[:en:British_Raj|enfuga ya Bungereza]] ekome. <ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/education/news/mahmood-mamdani-education-and-career-path-how-zohran-mamdanis-father-built-a-legacy-of-revolution-through-ideas-and-exile/articleshow/122064130.cms "Mahmood Mamdani education and career path: How Zohran Mamdani's father built a legacy of revolution through ideas and exile"]. ''The Times of India''. 25 June 2025. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN&nbsp;]][https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-8257 0971-825]7. Retrieved 13 July 2025.</ref> <ref name="codesria">{{Cite web |title=Pr. Mahmood Mamdani (1998-2002) |url=https://codesria.org/pr-mahmood-mamdani-1998-2002/ |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> Yakulira mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=23 February 2021 |title=Mahmood Mamdani on Uganda |url=https://africasacountry.com/2011/04/mamdani-on-uganda |website=Africa is a Country}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Permanent Minorities and the Politics of Survivors: A conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://worldpeacefoundation.org/blog/permanent-minorities-and-the-politics-of-survivors-a-conversation-with-mahmood-mamdani/ |website=World Peace Foundation}}</ref> ng'omu ku [[:en:Indian_diaspora_in_Southeast_Africa|Bayindi ababundabunda mu bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba bwa Afrika]] . Bazadde be bombi, [[:en:Gujarati_Muslim|basiraamu Abagujarati]], baazaalibwa era ne bakulira mu kitundu kya Bungereza eky'amatwale ki [[:en:Tanganyika_Territory|Tanganyika]] (leero Tanzania). Abafumbo bano baagenda e Bombay olwo kitaawe n’asomerayo mu ttendekero ekkulu. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Chen |first=Kuan-Hsing |last2=Gao |first2=Shiming |last3=Tang |first3=Xiaolin |date=2016 |title=The formation of an African intellectual: an interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |journal=Inter-Asia Cultural Studies |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=456–480 |doi=10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref>Muhoozi, Mourice (6 March 2022). [https://www.watchdoguganda.com/news/20220306/131449/meet-ugandas-most-iconic-academician-prof-mahmood-mamdani.html "Meet Uganda's most Iconic academician, Prof. Mahmood Mamdani"]. ''Watchdog Uganda''</ref> Famire yaddayo e [[:en:Dar_es_Salaam|Dar es Salaam]], Tanganyika, nga Mamdani wa myaka ebiri, ne bagenda e Uganda nga wa myaka etaano oba mukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Mu kiseera ekyo, Uganda yali yayawulwamu okusinziira ku mawanga, omuli abantu gye babeera, amasomero, emizikiti, n’ebifo abaana we bazannyira. Okusoma kwe mu pulayimale, Mamdani yasooka kugenda mu [[:en:Madrasa|madarasa]], n’oluvannyuma mu Government Indian Primary School. <ref name=":8"/> Yakula ng'ayogera [[:en:Gujarati_language|Olugujarati]], [[:en:Urdu|Oluurdu]] [[:en:Swahili_language|n'Oluswayiri]] . Yatandika okusoma Olungereza mu kibiina eky’omukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Oluvannyuma lw’okusoma siniya ey’awansi, yasomera ku Old Kampala Senior Secondary School, gye yali omuwandiisi w’ekibiina kya Do-it-Yourself Physics. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uganda: Buganda And Uganda At Crossroads |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090826030635/http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |archive-date=26 August 2009 |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=AllAfrica}}</ref> Mamdani yali omu ku bayizi Bannayuganda 23 abaali mu kibiina kya [[:en:The_Kennedy_Airlift|Kennedy Airlift]] mu 1963, enteekateeka ya sikaala eyaweebwa ssente okuva mu Amerika eyaleetera ebikumi n’ebikumi by'abayizi okuva mu [[:en:East_Africa|Buvanjuba bwa Afrika]] okusomera ku yunivasite mu Amerika ne Canada wakati wa 1959 ne 1963. <ref name="indian tele">{{Cite web |last=Sen |first=Manjula |date=25 January 2009 |title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |archive-date=2 February 2009 |access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref> Mamdani yatikkirwa diguli ya Bachelor of Arts okuva mu [[:en:University_of_Pittsburgh|Yunivasite y’e Pittsburgh]] <ref name="codesria"/> mu 1967. <ref>{{Cite book |date=1 January 2010 |title=International Encyclopedia of Civil Society |url=https://link.springer.com/referencework/10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |vauthors=((Anheier, H. K.)), ((Toepler, S.)) |publisher=Springer US |isbn=978-0-387-93994-0 |editor-last=Anheier |editor-first=Helmut K. |doi=10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |editor-last2=Toepler |editor-first2=Stefan}}</ref> Yali omu ku bayizi abangi mu bukiikakkono bwa Amerika abaali mu lugendo lwa bbaasi mu bukiikaddyo okutuuka e [[:en:Montgomery,_Alabama|Montgomery, Alabama]], olwategekebwa [[:en:Student_Nonviolent_Coordinating_Committee|akakiiko akakwasaganya abayizi abatali ba ffujjo]] mu Gwokusatu 1965 okwetaba mu kaweefube w'okulwanirira [[:en:Civil_rights_movement|eddembe ly’obuntu]] . Kino kyaliwo mu kiseera ky’okutambula okuva e [[:en:Selma_to_Montgomery_marches|Selma okutuuka e Montgomery]], naye nga kyo kya njawulo. Yasibibwa mu kkomera mu kutambula kuno era n’akkirizibwa okukuba essimu. Mamdani yakubira [[:en:Embassy_of_Uganda,_Washington,_D.C.|omubaka wa Uganda]] e [[:en:Washington,_DC|Washington, DC]], amuyambe. Omubaka yamubuuza lwaki "ayingirira ensonga z'omunda mu nsi engwira", n'amuddamu nti teyali nsonga ya munda wabula olutalo lw'eddembe era nti nabo eddembe lyabwe baali bakalifuna omwaka ogwakaggwa. <ref name="pambazuka">{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=28 April 2007 |title=The Asian question again: A reflection |url=http://www.pambazuka.org/en/category/comment/41273 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]] (Uganda) |via=pambazuka.org}}</ref> Amangu ddala nga wayiseewo akaseera katono, Mamdani yategeera ku mulimu gwa [[:en:Karl_Marx|Karl Marx]] okuva mu kukyala kwe ku FBI. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Shringarpure |first=Bhakti |author-link=Bhakti Shringarpure |date=15 July 2013 |title=In Conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.warscapes.com/conversations/conversation-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=6 November 2017 |website=Warscapes |language=en |quote=I thought the guy Marx had just died. […] So that was my introduction to Karl Marx.}}</ref> Yasomera ku [[:en:Fletcher_School_of_Law_and_Diplomacy|Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy]] mu [[:en:Tufts_University|Yunivasite ya Tufts]] era mu 1968 yatikkirwa diguli ya Master of Arts mu [[:en:Political_science|byobufuzi]] ne Master of Arts mu mateeka ne diplomacy mu 1969. Yafuna diguli ye [[:en:Doctor_of_philosophy|eyookusatu]] mu gavumenti okuva mu [[:en:Harvard_University|Yunivasite y'e Harvard]] mu 1974, wansi w’obulagirizi bwa [[:en:Karl_Deutsch|Karl Deutsch]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and class formation in Uganda |url=http://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=978-0-85345-378-9 |location=New York |via=Internet Archive}}</ref> Omulamwa kw'eyatambuliza ddiguli ye eyookusatu yagiwa omutwe "''Politics and Class Formation in Uganda."'' <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and Class Formation in Uganda |url=https://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=0-85345-378-0 |location=New York |oclc=2073894 |url-access=registration}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Allen |first=Judith Van |last2=Mamdani |first2=Mahmood |last3=Shivji |first3=Issa G. |date=November 1977 |title=Reviewed Works: Politics and Class Formation in Uganda. by Mahmood Mamdani; Class Struggles in Tanzania. by Issa G. Shivji |journal=Contemporary Sociology |publisher=American Sociological Association |volume=6 |issue=6 |pages=702 |doi=10.2307/2066367 |issn=0094-3061 |eissn=1939-8638 |jstor=2066367}}</ref> == Emirimu gye == Mamdani yakomawo mu Uganda ku ntandikwa ya 1972 era naweebwa omulimu ku [[Makerere University, Uganda|yunivasite y'e Makerere]] mu Kampala [[:en:Teaching_assistant|ng'ayambako omusomesa]], mu kiseera kye kimu yali akola ku kunoonyereza kwe okwa ddiguli eyookusatu. . Ye n’Abaasia abasinga obungi [[:en:Expulsion_of_Asians_from_Uganda|baagobebwa]] mu Uganda ku nkomerero y’omwaka ogwo [[Idi Amin]] olw’amawanga gaabwe; Amin yali agenderera "kuzzaawo" bizinensi n'ebintu. Mamdani yava mu Uganda n’agenda mu nkambi y’ababundabunda mu Bungereza ku ntandikwa y'omwezi Gwekkuminoogumu. <ref name="lrb2022">{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2022-10-06 |title=The Asian Question |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v44/n19/mahmood-mamdani/the-asian-question |journal=[[London Review of Books]] |language=en |volume=44 |issue=19 |issn=0260-9592 |access-date=2025-09-08}}</ref> Yava e Bungereza mu makkati ga 1973 oluvannyuma lw’okuyingizibwa mu [[:en:University_of_Dar_es_Salaam|Yunivasite y’e Dar es Salaam]] mu Tanzania. <ref name="pambazuka"/> <ref name="cas2018">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> <ref name="bio2">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> Mu Dar es Salaam, yamaliriza okuwandiika dissertation ye. Yali mujjumbize nnyo n’ebibiina ebiwakanya Amin. Mu 1979, yeetaba mu Ttabamiruka w’e Moshi ng’omutunuulizi. Yaddayo mu Uganda oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa ku bukulembeze oluvannyuma lw'olutalo lwa [[Olutalo lwa Uganda ne Tanzania|Uganda ne Tanzania]] mu 1979. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McCormack |first=Pete |date=17 October 2005 |title=Interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.petemccormack.com/interview_mamdani_001.htm |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=petemccormack.com}}</ref> <ref name="bio2" /> Mu kiseera kino, yakozesebwa ng'omutendeke mu kibiina kya [[:en:All_Africa_Conference_of_Churches|All Africa Conference of Churches]], omukago [[:en:Ecumenical_Christian|gw'Abakristaayo ogw'ensi yonna]] ogusangibwa e [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, ng'akolera mu ofiisi [[:en:Church_of_Uganda|y'Ekkanisa ya Uganda]] mu Kampala. <ref name="lrb2022"/> Okuva mu 1980 (oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa mu ntebe mu 1979) okutuuka mu 1993 yaddamu okukolera yunivasite y’e Makerere. <ref name="bio2"/> <ref name="lrb2022"/>​[[Milton Obote|​]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kagolo |first=Francis |date=8 February 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani to be honoured among Africa's best |url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/628869-prof-mamdani-to-be-honoured-among-africa-s-best.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]]}}</ref> Yaddayo e Dar es Salaam. Oluvannyuma lwa Obote okugobwa mu ntebe omulundi ogwokubiri, Mamdani yaddamu okudda mu Uganda mu Gwomukaaga 1986. <ref name="indian tele"/> Yali dayirekita eyatandikawo ekitongole kya Centre for Basic Research (CBR), ekitongole kya Uganda ekitali kya gavumenti ekyasooka mu kunoonyereza, mwe yaweereza okuva mu 1987 okutuuka mu 1996. <ref name="diaspora">{{Cite web |date=29 November 2012 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012 |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=ugandandiaspora.com}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> <ref name="csds">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Yaliko pulofeesa omugenyi ku [[:en:University_of_Durban-Westville|Yunivasite y’e Durban]] - [[:en:Westville,_KwaZulu-Natal|Westville]] mu South Africa (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka mu Gwomukaaga 1993), ku [[:en:Nehru_Memorial_Museum_&_Library|Nehru Memorial Museum & Library]] e New Delhi (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka Gwomukaaga 1995), ne mu [[:en:Princeton_University|Yunivasite y'e Princeton]] (1995–96). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vance |first=Dara |date=2015-11-20 |title=UK Committee on Social Theory Hosts Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://uknow.uky.edu/uk-happenings/uk-committee-social-theory-hosts-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=UKNow}}</ref> Mu 1996, yalondebwa okubeera omukulembeze w’entebe ya [[:en:Archibald_Campbell_Jordan|AC Jordan]] ey'ensoma y'Afirika mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y’e Cape Town]], <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 March 2011 |title=UCT in war over 'bantu education' |url=http://mg.co.za/article/2011-03-11-uct-in-war-over-bantu-education |access-date=22 March 2013}}</ref> era ku ntandikwa ya 1997 n’afuuka akulira [[:en:Centre_for_African_Studies|ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku by'ensoma y'Afirika]] (CAS). <ref name="uwn2018">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> Yavaawo oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obutakkaanya n'abasomesa (abasinga obungi abazungu) ku bbago ly'ensoma ye ey'omusomo ogw'omusingi ku Afrika oguyitibwa "Problematising Africa". <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=June 1, 1998 |title=Is African studies to be turned into a new home for Bantu education at UCT? |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/02533959808458649 |journal=Social Dynamics |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=63–75 |doi=10.1080/02533959808458649 |issn=0253-3952 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> Mamdani, eyalaga nti ensoma eriwo eya " [[:en:Bantu_Education_Act,_1953|Bantu studies]] " (mu kujjuliza ku kusomesa Abaddugavu wansi w'enfuga [[:en:Apartheid|y'obusosoze]] ) <ref name="cas2018" /> yayimirizibwa era okukkakkana ng'alekulidde. <ref name="davis2017">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> "Ensonga ya Mamdani" ekyayogerwako mu kukubaganya ebirowoozo ku [[:en:Decolonization_of_higher_education_in_South_Africa|kununula amatendekero aga waggulu okuva mu nsoma y'abamatwale]] . Oluvannyuma yagamba nti teyalina busungu ku muntu yenna, era yalina enkolagana ennungi ekiseera kye yamalayo. Yagamba nti obutakwatagana bwali ku njawulo mu ndowooza n'addala ensengeka y’ensoma ku bikwata ku kusoma South Africa ng’ensi ya Afrika. Oluvannyuma (2018) yakomezebwawo nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa asuutibwa. [ b ] <ref name="uwn2018" /> Mu 1999, Mamdani yalondebwa okuba dayirekita w’ekitongole ekikola ku by’okunoonyereza ku Afirika mu yunivasite ya Columbia, ekifo kye yalina okutuusa mu 2004. <ref name="uwn2018"/> Okuva olwo abadde asomesa eyo (nga 2025). <ref name="haag2025">{{Cite web |last=Haag |first=Matthew |last2=Goldberg |first2=Emma |date=27 June 2025 |title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |archive-date=7 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku mbeera z’abantu ekya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=18 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University]] |archive-date=2 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002055113/http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Agaba |first=John |title=Mamdani talks about his research legacy and work at Makerere |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20220329112608625 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="bio2"/> Okutuuka mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2025 [[:en:Columbia_University#Academics|pulofeesa wa Herbert Lehman mu Gavumenti]] era pulofeesa ku nkula y'abantu, okusoma saayansi w'ebyobufuzi [[:en:African_studies|n'okusoma ku Afirika]] ku [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]].<ref name="bio2" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Faculty Bio: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/anthropology/fac-bios/mamdani/faculty.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Era akola nga chancellor wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://kiu.ac.ug/news-page.php?i=press-release-kampala-international-university-kiu-appoints-prof-mahmood-mamdani-as-chancellor |access-date=24 August 2020 |publisher=[[Kampala International University]]}}</ref> == Okunoonyereza n'okuwandiika == Mamdani yeemalira mu kunoonyereza ku byobufuzi bya Afirika n'eby'ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw'amatwale]] [[:en:Postcolonialism|n'oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale]], n'ebyobufuzi by'ebyenfuna. Ebitabo bye byekenneenya enkolagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'ebyobuwangwa, okugeraageranya [[:en:Colonialism|okufugibwa kw'amatwale]] okuva mu 1452, ebyafaayo by'entalo z'omunda [[:en:Genocide|n'ekitta bantu]] mu Afirika, [[:en:Cold_War|Olutalo olw'Ensi Yonna olw'ebigambo]] [[:en:War_on_terror|n'olutalo ku butujju]], n'ebyafaayo by'eddembe ly'obuntu.<ref>vSneh, Itai Nartzizenfield (2008). [https://books.google.com/books?id=iax4AAAAMAAJ ''The Future Almost Arrived: How Jimmy Carter Failed to Change U.S. Foreign Policy''.] [[:en:Peter_Lang_(publishing_company)|Peter Lang]]. p. 169. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780820481852|9780820481852]]</bdi>.</ref> Okunoonyereza kwe okw'omwaka 2016 kwatandikira ku kitabo kye eky'omwaka 1996, [[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]. <ref>[http://polisci.columbia.edu/people/profile/96 "Mahmood Mamdani | Department of Political Science"]. ''polisci.columbia.edu''. Retrieved 21 January 2016.</ref>Mu kitabo ekyo, yagamba nti eggwanga eryafugibwa terisobola kutegeerwa nga tewekenenyeza bulungi eggwanga eryalifuga.Enkola y'obufuzi bw'amatwale mu Afirika yali eddamu okusoomoozebwa kw'ekibuuzo "ekikulu", era yagamba nti yafuuka "amawanga agaabuluziddwamu".<ref name=":0">Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. pp. 15–16. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|<bdi>9780852553992</bdi>.]]</ref>Kino kyali kikolebwa mu ngeri bbiri: ku ludda olumu nga bafuga butereevu, nga kino kyali kikolwa kya "buyinza" era nga kyali kigenderera okuggya abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo ku ddembe ly'obuntu eryali liweebwa abatuuze mu bitundu ebirala, ate ku ludda olulala nga bafuga mu ngeri etali y'abuteerevu, nga kino kyali kikolebwa mu byalo era nga kizingiramu okuyingiza "bannansi" mu "mateeka g'eggwanga" agaateekebwawo ab'obuyinza mu byalo, era nga kino yakiyita "obwannakyemalira obw'okugabanya obuyinza".<ref name=":0" /> Embeera eno yali "yakusika muguwa" era ng'erimu "engeri bbiri ez'obuyinza wansi w'obuyinza obumu".<ref name=":0" /> Oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale, ebibuga byali tebikyayawulamu bantu lwa langi naye ebyalo byali bikyafugibwa abakulembeze abaali mu nkwawa z'abafuzi b'amatwale, ka babe abakulembeze ab'ennono oba b'ebali bakwasizzaobuyinza nga balina ebiruubirirwa by'okufugisa omukono ogw'ekyuma.<ref>Clapham, Chris (1997). "Review: Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism by Mahmood Mamdani'". ''Royal Institute of International Affairs''. '''73''': 606.</ref>Mu ngeri eno obukulembeze bwonna bwaleeta enjawukana mu mawnga era n'ekutondawo obukulembeze bwabwe obw'enjawulo obwannakyemalira.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref> Mamdani yekennenya ebyafaayo mu South Africa ne Uganda okulaga nti obufuzi bw'amatwale bwakozesa obuyinza obuyitiridde era obuyinza obwo bweyongera okubaawo oluvannyuma lw'ameefuga.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. p. 37. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref>Ng’asomooza endowooza eza bulijjo ku busosoze mu South Afrika nga ez’enjawulo, agamba nti [[:en:Apartheid|obusosoze mu mawanga]] bwali ngeri ya bulijjo ey’ettwale lya Bulaaya mu Africa, nga lizingiramu ensonga [[:en:Indirect_rule|z’obufuzi obutali butereevu]] n’okukwatagana<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1 January 1996 |title=Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism |isbn=9780852553992 |pages=16–18}}</ref> Mu kitabo kye ekyafulumizibwa mu 2004 ekya ''Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: America, the Cold War, and the Roots of Terror'' Mamdani yagamba nti [[:en:Suicide_attack|abeetuze]] balina okumanyibwa "ng'ekika ky'omujaasi" era nti balina "okutegeerwa mu ngeri y'effujjo ly'ebyobufuzi ery'omulembe guno okusinga okuvumwavumwa ng'akabonero k'obukambwe". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bickerton |first=James |date=2025-07-11 |title=Zohran Mamdani's father's remark about suicide bombers comes under scrutiny |url=https://www.newsweek.com/zohran-mamdani-father-remark-about-suicide-bombers-comes-under-scrutiny-2097793 |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref> Omuyivu omu yagamba nti kino si kuwagira kwettisa bbomu wabula kwekenneenya okwanenya '"okusalawo kwa Amerika ku nkola y'ensonga z'ebweru naddala mu kiseera ky'olutalo olw'ebigambo", okutondawo embeera [[:en:Islamic_extremism|y'Obusiraamu obw'annalukalala]] [[:en:Political_violence|n'effujjo mu byobufuzi]] " mwe byakulaakulanira. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Murray |first=Conor |date=Jul 11, 2025 |title=Mahmood Mamdani's Work Does Not Advocate Violence, Expert Says |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/conormurray/2025/07/11/sequoias-maguire-unfairly-targets-zohran-mamdanis-father-fellow-academic-says/ |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko bye bifulumiddde mu ''[[:en:London_Review_of_Books|London Review of Books]]'' n'ekampuni ezifulumya ebitabo ebirala.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/contributors/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=London Review of Books |language=en-GB}}</ref> Okusinziira ku CAS, ebiwandiiko bya Mamdani "bibadde bikulu mu kusomebwa abayizi abali ku misomo gyabwe egya undergraduate ne Postgraduate ku UCT ssaako n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo ku nsoma y'ebyafaayo n'ebyobufuzi bya Afirika , nga banonyereza ku nkwatagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'obuwangwa, okugerageranya obufuzi bw'amatwale, entalo ez'omunda mu ggwanga n'ekittabantu mu Afirika".<ref name="uwn20182">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> == Emirimu gy'emirala == Okuva mu 1998 <ref name="bio22">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> oba 1999 okutuuka mu 2002, Mamdani yaweereza nga pulezidenti w'olukiiko olukulaakulanya okunoonyereza ku ssaayansi w'embeera z'abantu mu Afrika ([[:en:Council_for_the_Development_of_Social_Science_Research_in_Africa|Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa]]). <ref name="cas20182">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumineebiri 2001, yawa okwogera ku "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" mu lukungaana lwa [[:en:Nobel_Prize|Nobel Centennial Symposium]] e [[:en:Oslo|Oslo]], Norway. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 December 2001 |title=Speech by Dr. Mahmood Mamdani: "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/mediaplayer/index.php?id=1281 |access-date=24 March 2013 |publisher=Nobel Prize}}</ref> Mu Gwomwenda 2006, Mamdani yali omu ku boogezi abaayitibwa mu lukuŋŋaana lw’ekibiina kya [[:en:Ugandan_North_American_Association_(UNAA)|Uganda North American Association (UNAA)]] mu kibuga New York. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2006-09-05 |title=UNAA Convention was disorganised! |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/news/1141390/unaa-convention-disorganised |access-date=2026-02-18 |publisher=New Vision (Kampala)}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano 2011, mu kiseera ky'okwekalakaasa okwali mu kibangirizi kya Tahrir([[:en:Tahrir_Square_protests|Tahrir Square protests]]) mu kibuga [[:en:Cairo|Cairo]], Misiri, Mamdani yayitibwa okwogerako mu [[:en:American_University_of_Cairo|Yunivasite y’Amerika e Cairo]]. Ng’ayogera eri abayizi mu [[:en:University_of_KwaZulu-Natal|yunivasite y’e KwaZulu-Natal]] mu South Africa mu 2012, kino yakigeraageranya n’obwegugungo obwaliwo mu Soweto ([[:en:1976_Soweto_uprising|Soweto Uprising]]) mu 1976 . <ref name="kwazulu2012">{{Cite web |date=24 April 2012 |title=Address on Receiving an Honorary Doctorate at the University of Kwazulu Natal |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/mesaas/images/faculty/news/Mamdani%20commencement.pdf |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumi 2011, Mamdani (nga bali wamu ne Rhoda Ann Kanaaneh) y'eyali omwogezi omukulu mu lukungaana lw’eggwanga olwasooka olw’abayizi olwa [[:en:Students_for_Justice_in_Palestine|Students for Justice in Palestine]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Silver |first=Carly |date=2011-10-16 |title=Reporting live from the first-ever SJP National Conference |url=https://newvoices.org/2011/10/15/reporting-live-from-the-first-ever-sjp-national-conference/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=New Voices |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nathan-Kazis |first=Josh |date=2011-10-11 |title=Pro-Palestinian Student Activists Plan First National Conference |url=https://forward.com/news/144173/pro-palestinian-student-activists-plan-push/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=The Forward |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2017 yayitibwa okuwa omusomo ku lunaku lwa [[:en:TB_Davie_Memorial_Lecture|TB Davie Memorial]] ku ddembe ly'okusoma mu Yunivasite y'e Cape Town, era emboozi ye, eyatuumibwa "Decolonising the Post-Colonial University" yaleetawo okukubaganya ebirowoozo kungi. <ref name="uwn20183">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="davis20172">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] k69ns9jcxorsn42vx9abwuvl6fynyqy 48680 48679 2026-05-03T09:18:35Z Charles Kalanzi 9748 48680 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mahmood Mamdani''' [ a ] FBA (yazaalibwa 23 Ogwokuna 1946) munnayuganda [[:en:Anthropologist|omukugu mu by'enkula y'abantu]], munnaby'anjigiriza, era omukugu mu by'obufuzi. Ye Herbert Lehman Pulofeesa wa Gavumenti era pulofeesa w’ensonga z'ekikula ky'abantu, [[:en:Political_science|ssaayansi w’ebyobufuzi]], n’okunoonyereza [[:en:African_studies|ku nsoma y'Afirika]] mu [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]] . Era akola nga Ccansala wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda, era nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa ku Center for African Studis mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y'e Cape Town]] . Emabegako yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole kya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. Mamdani mukugu mu kusoma ebyobufuzi bya Afrika n’ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw’amatwale]] n’oluvannyuma [[:en:Postcolonialism|lw'obufuzi bw’amatwale]], n’ebyobufuzi [[:en:Knowledge_economy|by’ebyenfuna]] . Mufumbo nga mukazi we ye [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]] omuzannyi wa firimu . Ye ne Nair be bazadde ba [[:en:New_York_City_Mayor|Meeya w'ekibuga New York]] [[Zohran Mamdani]] . == Obuto bwe n’okusoma == Mahmood Mamdani yazaalibwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1946 mu [[:en:Bombay|kibuga Bombay]] (kati Mumbai), Buyindi, ng’ebula omwaka gumu [[:en:British_Raj|enfuga ya Bungereza]] ekome. <ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/education/news/mahmood-mamdani-education-and-career-path-how-zohran-mamdanis-father-built-a-legacy-of-revolution-through-ideas-and-exile/articleshow/122064130.cms "Mahmood Mamdani education and career path: How Zohran Mamdani's father built a legacy of revolution through ideas and exile"]. ''The Times of India''. 25 June 2025. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN&nbsp;]][https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-8257 0971-825]7. Retrieved 13 July 2025.</ref> <ref name="codesria">{{Cite web |title=Pr. Mahmood Mamdani (1998-2002) |url=https://codesria.org/pr-mahmood-mamdani-1998-2002/ |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> Yakulira mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=23 February 2021 |title=Mahmood Mamdani on Uganda |url=https://africasacountry.com/2011/04/mamdani-on-uganda |website=Africa is a Country}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Permanent Minorities and the Politics of Survivors: A conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://worldpeacefoundation.org/blog/permanent-minorities-and-the-politics-of-survivors-a-conversation-with-mahmood-mamdani/ |website=World Peace Foundation}}</ref> ng'omu ku [[:en:Indian_diaspora_in_Southeast_Africa|Bayindi ababundabunda mu bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba bwa Afrika]] . Bazadde be bombi, [[:en:Gujarati_Muslim|basiraamu Abagujarati]], baazaalibwa era ne bakulira mu kitundu kya Bungereza eky'amatwale ki [[:en:Tanganyika_Territory|Tanganyika]] (leero Tanzania). Abafumbo bano baagenda e Bombay olwo kitaawe n’asomerayo mu ttendekero ekkulu. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Chen |first=Kuan-Hsing |last2=Gao |first2=Shiming |last3=Tang |first3=Xiaolin |date=2016 |title=The formation of an African intellectual: an interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |journal=Inter-Asia Cultural Studies |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=456–480 |doi=10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref>Muhoozi, Mourice (6 March 2022). [https://www.watchdoguganda.com/news/20220306/131449/meet-ugandas-most-iconic-academician-prof-mahmood-mamdani.html "Meet Uganda's most Iconic academician, Prof. Mahmood Mamdani"]. ''Watchdog Uganda''</ref> Famire yaddayo e [[:en:Dar_es_Salaam|Dar es Salaam]], Tanganyika, nga Mamdani wa myaka ebiri, ne bagenda e Uganda nga wa myaka etaano oba mukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Mu kiseera ekyo, Uganda yali yayawulwamu okusinziira ku mawanga, omuli abantu gye babeera, amasomero, emizikiti, n’ebifo abaana we bazannyira. Okusoma kwe mu pulayimale, Mamdani yasooka kugenda mu [[:en:Madrasa|madarasa]], n’oluvannyuma mu Government Indian Primary School. <ref name=":8"/> Yakula ng'ayogera [[:en:Gujarati_language|Olugujarati]], [[:en:Urdu|Oluurdu]] [[:en:Swahili_language|n'Oluswayiri]] . Yatandika okusoma Olungereza mu kibiina eky’omukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Oluvannyuma lw’okusoma siniya ey’awansi, yasomera ku Old Kampala Senior Secondary School, gye yali omuwandiisi w’ekibiina kya Do-it-Yourself Physics. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uganda: Buganda And Uganda At Crossroads |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090826030635/http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |archive-date=26 August 2009 |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=AllAfrica}}</ref> Mamdani yali omu ku bayizi Bannayuganda 23 abaali mu kibiina kya [[:en:The_Kennedy_Airlift|Kennedy Airlift]] mu 1963, enteekateeka ya sikaala eyaweebwa ssente okuva mu Amerika eyaleetera ebikumi n’ebikumi by'abayizi okuva mu [[:en:East_Africa|Buvanjuba bwa Afrika]] okusomera ku yunivasite mu Amerika ne Canada wakati wa 1959 ne 1963. <ref name="indian tele">{{Cite web |last=Sen |first=Manjula |date=25 January 2009 |title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |archive-date=2 February 2009 |access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref> Mamdani yatikkirwa diguli ya Bachelor of Arts okuva mu [[:en:University_of_Pittsburgh|Yunivasite y’e Pittsburgh]] <ref name="codesria"/> mu 1967. <ref>{{Cite book |date=1 January 2010 |title=International Encyclopedia of Civil Society |url=https://link.springer.com/referencework/10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |vauthors=((Anheier, H. K.)), ((Toepler, S.)) |publisher=Springer US |isbn=978-0-387-93994-0 |editor-last=Anheier |editor-first=Helmut K. |doi=10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |editor-last2=Toepler |editor-first2=Stefan}}</ref> Yali omu ku bayizi abangi mu bukiikakkono bwa Amerika abaali mu lugendo lwa bbaasi mu bukiikaddyo okutuuka e [[:en:Montgomery,_Alabama|Montgomery, Alabama]], olwategekebwa [[:en:Student_Nonviolent_Coordinating_Committee|akakiiko akakwasaganya abayizi abatali ba ffujjo]] mu Gwokusatu 1965 okwetaba mu kaweefube w'okulwanirira [[:en:Civil_rights_movement|eddembe ly’obuntu]] . Kino kyaliwo mu kiseera ky’okutambula okuva e [[:en:Selma_to_Montgomery_marches|Selma okutuuka e Montgomery]], naye nga kyo kya njawulo. Yasibibwa mu kkomera mu kutambula kuno era n’akkirizibwa okukuba essimu. Mamdani yakubira [[:en:Embassy_of_Uganda,_Washington,_D.C.|omubaka wa Uganda]] e [[:en:Washington,_DC|Washington, DC]], amuyambe. Omubaka yamubuuza lwaki "ayingirira ensonga z'omunda mu nsi engwira", n'amuddamu nti teyali nsonga ya munda wabula olutalo lw'eddembe era nti nabo eddembe lyabwe baali bakalifuna omwaka ogwakaggwa. <ref name="pambazuka">{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=28 April 2007 |title=The Asian question again: A reflection |url=http://www.pambazuka.org/en/category/comment/41273 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]] (Uganda) |via=pambazuka.org}}</ref> Amangu ddala nga wayiseewo akaseera katono, Mamdani yategeera ku mulimu gwa [[:en:Karl_Marx|Karl Marx]] okuva mu kukyala kwe ku FBI. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Shringarpure |first=Bhakti |author-link=Bhakti Shringarpure |date=15 July 2013 |title=In Conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.warscapes.com/conversations/conversation-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=6 November 2017 |website=Warscapes |language=en |quote=I thought the guy Marx had just died. […] So that was my introduction to Karl Marx.}}</ref> Yasomera ku [[:en:Fletcher_School_of_Law_and_Diplomacy|Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy]] mu [[:en:Tufts_University|Yunivasite ya Tufts]] era mu 1968 yatikkirwa diguli ya Master of Arts mu [[:en:Political_science|byobufuzi]] ne Master of Arts mu mateeka ne diplomacy mu 1969. Yafuna diguli ye [[:en:Doctor_of_philosophy|eyookusatu]] mu gavumenti okuva mu [[:en:Harvard_University|Yunivasite y'e Harvard]] mu 1974, wansi w’obulagirizi bwa [[:en:Karl_Deutsch|Karl Deutsch]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and class formation in Uganda |url=http://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=978-0-85345-378-9 |location=New York |via=Internet Archive}}</ref> Omulamwa kw'eyatambuliza ddiguli ye eyookusatu yagiwa omutwe "''Politics and Class Formation in Uganda."'' <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and Class Formation in Uganda |url=https://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=0-85345-378-0 |location=New York |oclc=2073894 |url-access=registration}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Allen |first=Judith Van |last2=Mamdani |first2=Mahmood |last3=Shivji |first3=Issa G. |date=November 1977 |title=Reviewed Works: Politics and Class Formation in Uganda. by Mahmood Mamdani; Class Struggles in Tanzania. by Issa G. Shivji |journal=Contemporary Sociology |publisher=American Sociological Association |volume=6 |issue=6 |pages=702 |doi=10.2307/2066367 |issn=0094-3061 |eissn=1939-8638 |jstor=2066367}}</ref> == Emirimu gye == Mamdani yakomawo mu Uganda ku ntandikwa ya 1972 era naweebwa omulimu ku [[Makerere University, Uganda|yunivasite y'e Makerere]] mu Kampala [[:en:Teaching_assistant|ng'ayambako omusomesa]], mu kiseera kye kimu yali akola ku kunoonyereza kwe okwa ddiguli eyookusatu. . Ye n’Abaasia abasinga obungi [[:en:Expulsion_of_Asians_from_Uganda|baagobebwa]] mu Uganda ku nkomerero y’omwaka ogwo [[Idi Amin]] olw’amawanga gaabwe; Amin yali agenderera "kuzzaawo" bizinensi n'ebintu. Mamdani yava mu Uganda n’agenda mu nkambi y’ababundabunda mu Bungereza ku ntandikwa y'omwezi Gwekkuminoogumu. <ref name="lrb2022">{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2022-10-06 |title=The Asian Question |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v44/n19/mahmood-mamdani/the-asian-question |journal=[[London Review of Books]] |language=en |volume=44 |issue=19 |issn=0260-9592 |access-date=2025-09-08}}</ref> Yava e Bungereza mu makkati ga 1973 oluvannyuma lw’okuyingizibwa mu [[:en:University_of_Dar_es_Salaam|Yunivasite y’e Dar es Salaam]] mu Tanzania. <ref name="pambazuka"/> <ref name="cas2018">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> <ref name="bio2">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> Mu Dar es Salaam, yamaliriza okuwandiika dissertation ye. Yali mujjumbize nnyo n’ebibiina ebiwakanya Amin. Mu 1979, yeetaba mu Ttabamiruka w’e Moshi ng’omutunuulizi. Yaddayo mu Uganda oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa ku bukulembeze oluvannyuma lw'olutalo lwa [[Olutalo lwa Uganda ne Tanzania|Uganda ne Tanzania]] mu 1979. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McCormack |first=Pete |date=17 October 2005 |title=Interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.petemccormack.com/interview_mamdani_001.htm |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=petemccormack.com}}</ref> <ref name="bio2" /> Mu kiseera kino, yakozesebwa ng'omutendeke mu kibiina kya [[:en:All_Africa_Conference_of_Churches|All Africa Conference of Churches]], omukago [[:en:Ecumenical_Christian|gw'Abakristaayo ogw'ensi yonna]] ogusangibwa e [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, ng'akolera mu ofiisi [[:en:Church_of_Uganda|y'Ekkanisa ya Uganda]] mu Kampala. <ref name="lrb2022"/> Okuva mu 1980 (oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa mu ntebe mu 1979) okutuuka mu 1993 yaddamu okukolera yunivasite y’e Makerere. <ref name="bio2"/> <ref name="lrb2022"/>​[[Milton Obote|​]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kagolo |first=Francis |date=8 February 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani to be honoured among Africa's best |url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/628869-prof-mamdani-to-be-honoured-among-africa-s-best.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]]}}</ref> Yaddayo e Dar es Salaam. Oluvannyuma lwa Obote okugobwa mu ntebe omulundi ogwokubiri, Mamdani yaddamu okudda mu Uganda mu Gwomukaaga 1986. <ref name="indian tele"/> Yali dayirekita eyatandikawo ekitongole kya Centre for Basic Research (CBR), ekitongole kya Uganda ekitali kya gavumenti ekyasooka mu kunoonyereza, mwe yaweereza okuva mu 1987 okutuuka mu 1996. <ref name="diaspora">{{Cite web |date=29 November 2012 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012 |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=ugandandiaspora.com}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> <ref name="csds">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Yaliko pulofeesa omugenyi ku [[:en:University_of_Durban-Westville|Yunivasite y’e Durban]] - [[:en:Westville,_KwaZulu-Natal|Westville]] mu South Africa (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka mu Gwomukaaga 1993), ku [[:en:Nehru_Memorial_Museum_&_Library|Nehru Memorial Museum & Library]] e New Delhi (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka Gwomukaaga 1995), ne mu [[:en:Princeton_University|Yunivasite y'e Princeton]] (1995–96). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vance |first=Dara |date=2015-11-20 |title=UK Committee on Social Theory Hosts Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://uknow.uky.edu/uk-happenings/uk-committee-social-theory-hosts-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=UKNow}}</ref> Mu 1996, yalondebwa okubeera omukulembeze w’entebe ya [[:en:Archibald_Campbell_Jordan|AC Jordan]] ey'ensoma y'Afirika mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y’e Cape Town]], <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 March 2011 |title=UCT in war over 'bantu education' |url=http://mg.co.za/article/2011-03-11-uct-in-war-over-bantu-education |access-date=22 March 2013}}</ref> era ku ntandikwa ya 1997 n’afuuka akulira [[:en:Centre_for_African_Studies|ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku by'ensoma y'Afirika]] (CAS). <ref name="uwn2018">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> Yavaawo oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obutakkaanya n'abasomesa (abasinga obungi abazungu) ku bbago ly'ensoma ye ey'omusomo ogw'omusingi ku Afrika oguyitibwa "Problematising Africa". <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=June 1, 1998 |title=Is African studies to be turned into a new home for Bantu education at UCT? |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/02533959808458649 |journal=Social Dynamics |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=63–75 |doi=10.1080/02533959808458649 |issn=0253-3952 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> Mamdani, eyalaga nti ensoma eriwo eya " [[:en:Bantu_Education_Act,_1953|Bantu studies]] " (mu kujjuliza ku kusomesa Abaddugavu wansi w'enfuga [[:en:Apartheid|y'obusosoze]] ) <ref name="cas2018" /> yayimirizibwa era okukkakkana ng'alekulidde. <ref name="davis2017">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> "Ensonga ya Mamdani" ekyayogerwako mu kukubaganya ebirowoozo ku [[:en:Decolonization_of_higher_education_in_South_Africa|kununula amatendekero aga waggulu okuva mu nsoma y'abamatwale]] . Oluvannyuma yagamba nti teyalina busungu ku muntu yenna, era yalina enkolagana ennungi ekiseera kye yamalayo. Yagamba nti obutakwatagana bwali ku njawulo mu ndowooza n'addala ensengeka y’ensoma ku bikwata ku kusoma South Africa ng’ensi ya Afrika. Oluvannyuma (2018) yakomezebwawo nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa asuutibwa. [ b ] <ref name="uwn2018" /> Mu 1999, Mamdani yalondebwa okuba dayirekita w’ekitongole ekikola ku by’okunoonyereza ku Afirika mu yunivasite ya Columbia, ekifo kye yalina okutuusa mu 2004. <ref name="uwn2018"/> Okuva olwo abadde asomesa eyo (nga 2025). <ref name="haag2025">{{Cite web |last=Haag |first=Matthew |last2=Goldberg |first2=Emma |date=27 June 2025 |title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |archive-date=7 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku mbeera z’abantu ekya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=18 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University]] |archive-date=2 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002055113/http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Agaba |first=John |title=Mamdani talks about his research legacy and work at Makerere |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20220329112608625 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="bio2"/> Okutuuka mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2025 [[:en:Columbia_University#Academics|pulofeesa wa Herbert Lehman mu Gavumenti]] era pulofeesa ku nkula y'abantu, okusoma saayansi w'ebyobufuzi [[:en:African_studies|n'okusoma ku Afirika]] ku [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]].<ref name="bio2" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Faculty Bio: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/anthropology/fac-bios/mamdani/faculty.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Era akola nga chancellor wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://kiu.ac.ug/news-page.php?i=press-release-kampala-international-university-kiu-appoints-prof-mahmood-mamdani-as-chancellor |access-date=24 August 2020 |publisher=[[Kampala International University]]}}</ref> == Okunoonyereza n'okuwandiika == Mamdani yeemalira mu kunoonyereza ku byobufuzi bya Afirika n'eby'ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw'amatwale]] [[:en:Postcolonialism|n'oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale]], n'ebyobufuzi by'ebyenfuna. Ebitabo bye byekenneenya enkolagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'ebyobuwangwa, okugeraageranya [[:en:Colonialism|okufugibwa kw'amatwale]] okuva mu 1452, ebyafaayo by'entalo z'omunda [[:en:Genocide|n'ekitta bantu]] mu Afirika, [[:en:Cold_War|Olutalo olw'Ensi Yonna olw'ebigambo]] [[:en:War_on_terror|n'olutalo ku butujju]], n'ebyafaayo by'eddembe ly'obuntu.<ref>vSneh, Itai Nartzizenfield (2008). [https://books.google.com/books?id=iax4AAAAMAAJ ''The Future Almost Arrived: How Jimmy Carter Failed to Change U.S. Foreign Policy''.] [[:en:Peter_Lang_(publishing_company)|Peter Lang]]. p. 169. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780820481852|9780820481852]]</bdi>.</ref> Okunoonyereza kwe okw'omwaka 2016 kwatandikira ku kitabo kye eky'omwaka 1996, [[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]. <ref>[http://polisci.columbia.edu/people/profile/96 "Mahmood Mamdani | Department of Political Science"]. ''polisci.columbia.edu''. Retrieved 21 January 2016.</ref>Mu kitabo ekyo, yagamba nti eggwanga eryafugibwa terisobola kutegeerwa nga tewekenenyeza bulungi eggwanga eryalifuga.Enkola y'obufuzi bw'amatwale mu Afirika yali eddamu okusoomoozebwa kw'ekibuuzo "ekikulu", era yagamba nti yafuuka "amawanga agaabuluziddwamu".<ref name=":0">Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. pp. 15–16. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|<bdi>9780852553992</bdi>.]]</ref>Kino kyali kikolebwa mu ngeri bbiri: ku ludda olumu nga bafuga butereevu, nga kino kyali kikolwa kya "buyinza" era nga kyali kigenderera okuggya abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo ku ddembe ly'obuntu eryali liweebwa abatuuze mu bitundu ebirala, ate ku ludda olulala nga bafuga mu ngeri etali y'abuteerevu, nga kino kyali kikolebwa mu byalo era nga kizingiramu okuyingiza "bannansi" mu "mateeka g'eggwanga" agaateekebwawo ab'obuyinza mu byalo, era nga kino yakiyita "obwannakyemalira obw'okugabanya obuyinza".<ref name=":0" /> Embeera eno yali "yakusika muguwa" era ng'erimu "engeri bbiri ez'obuyinza wansi w'obuyinza obumu".<ref name=":0" /> Oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale, ebibuga byali tebikyayawulamu bantu lwa langi naye ebyalo byali bikyafugibwa abakulembeze abaali mu nkwawa z'abafuzi b'amatwale, ka babe abakulembeze ab'ennono oba b'ebali bakwasizzaobuyinza nga balina ebiruubirirwa by'okufugisa omukono ogw'ekyuma.<ref>Clapham, Chris (1997). "Review: Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism by Mahmood Mamdani'". ''Royal Institute of International Affairs''. '''73''': 606.</ref>Mu ngeri eno obukulembeze bwonna bwaleeta enjawukana mu mawnga era n'ekutondawo obukulembeze bwabwe obw'enjawulo obwannakyemalira.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref> Mamdani yekennenya ebyafaayo mu South Africa ne Uganda okulaga nti obufuzi bw'amatwale bwakozesa obuyinza obuyitiridde era obuyinza obwo bweyongera okubaawo oluvannyuma lw'ameefuga.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. p. 37. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref>Ng’asomooza endowooza eza bulijjo ku busosoze mu South Afrika nga ez’enjawulo, agamba nti [[:en:Apartheid|obusosoze mu mawanga]] bwali ngeri ya bulijjo ey’ettwale lya Bulaaya mu Africa, nga lizingiramu ensonga [[:en:Indirect_rule|z’obufuzi obutali butereevu]] n’okukwatagana<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1 January 1996 |title=Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism |isbn=9780852553992 |pages=16–18}}</ref> Mu kitabo kye ekyafulumizibwa mu 2004 ekya ''Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: America, the Cold War, and the Roots of Terror'' Mamdani yagamba nti [[:en:Suicide_attack|abeetuze]] balina okumanyibwa "ng'ekika ky'omujaasi" era nti balina "okutegeerwa mu ngeri y'effujjo ly'ebyobufuzi ery'omulembe guno okusinga okuvumwavumwa ng'akabonero k'obukambwe". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bickerton |first=James |date=2025-07-11 |title=Zohran Mamdani's father's remark about suicide bombers comes under scrutiny |url=https://www.newsweek.com/zohran-mamdani-father-remark-about-suicide-bombers-comes-under-scrutiny-2097793 |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref> Omuyivu omu yagamba nti kino si kuwagira kwettisa bbomu wabula kwekenneenya okwanenya '"okusalawo kwa Amerika ku nkola y'ensonga z'ebweru naddala mu kiseera ky'olutalo olw'ebigambo", okutondawo embeera [[:en:Islamic_extremism|y'Obusiraamu obw'annalukalala]] [[:en:Political_violence|n'effujjo mu byobufuzi]] " mwe byakulaakulanira. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Murray |first=Conor |date=Jul 11, 2025 |title=Mahmood Mamdani's Work Does Not Advocate Violence, Expert Says |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/conormurray/2025/07/11/sequoias-maguire-unfairly-targets-zohran-mamdanis-father-fellow-academic-says/ |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko bye bifulumiddde mu ''[[:en:London_Review_of_Books|London Review of Books]]'' n'ekampuni ezifulumya ebitabo ebirala.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/contributors/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=London Review of Books |language=en-GB}}</ref> Okusinziira ku CAS, ebiwandiiko bya Mamdani "bibadde bikulu mu kusomebwa abayizi abali ku misomo gyabwe egya undergraduate ne Postgraduate ku UCT ssaako n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo ku nsoma y'ebyafaayo n'ebyobufuzi bya Afirika , nga banonyereza ku nkwatagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'obuwangwa, okugerageranya obufuzi bw'amatwale, entalo ez'omunda mu ggwanga n'ekittabantu mu Afirika".<ref name="uwn20182">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> == Emirimu gy'emirala == Okuva mu 1998 <ref name="bio22">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> oba 1999 okutuuka mu 2002, Mamdani yaweereza nga pulezidenti w'olukiiko olukulaakulanya okunoonyereza ku ssaayansi w'embeera z'abantu mu Afrika ([[:en:Council_for_the_Development_of_Social_Science_Research_in_Africa|Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa]]). <ref name="cas20182">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumineebiri 2001, yawa okwogera ku "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" mu lukungaana lwa [[:en:Nobel_Prize|Nobel Centennial Symposium]] e [[:en:Oslo|Oslo]], Norway. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 December 2001 |title=Speech by Dr. Mahmood Mamdani: "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/mediaplayer/index.php?id=1281 |access-date=24 March 2013 |publisher=Nobel Prize}}</ref> Mu Gwomwenda 2006, Mamdani yali omu ku boogezi abaayitibwa mu lukuŋŋaana lw’ekibiina kya [[:en:Ugandan_North_American_Association_(UNAA)|Uganda North American Association (UNAA)]] mu kibuga New York. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2006-09-05 |title=UNAA Convention was disorganised! |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/news/1141390/unaa-convention-disorganised |access-date=2026-02-18 |publisher=New Vision (Kampala)}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano 2011, mu kiseera ky'okwekalakaasa okwali mu kibangirizi kya Tahrir([[:en:Tahrir_Square_protests|Tahrir Square protests]]) mu kibuga [[:en:Cairo|Cairo]], Misiri, Mamdani yayitibwa okwogerako mu [[:en:American_University_of_Cairo|Yunivasite y’Amerika e Cairo]]. Ng’ayogera eri abayizi mu [[:en:University_of_KwaZulu-Natal|yunivasite y’e KwaZulu-Natal]] mu South Africa mu 2012, kino yakigeraageranya n’obwegugungo obwaliwo mu Soweto ([[:en:1976_Soweto_uprising|Soweto Uprising]]) mu 1976 . <ref name="kwazulu2012">{{Cite web |date=24 April 2012 |title=Address on Receiving an Honorary Doctorate at the University of Kwazulu Natal |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/mesaas/images/faculty/news/Mamdani%20commencement.pdf |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumi 2011, Mamdani (nga bali wamu ne Rhoda Ann Kanaaneh) y'eyali omwogezi omukulu mu lukungaana lw’eggwanga olwasooka olw’abayizi olwa [[:en:Students_for_Justice_in_Palestine|Students for Justice in Palestine]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Silver |first=Carly |date=2011-10-16 |title=Reporting live from the first-ever SJP National Conference |url=https://newvoices.org/2011/10/15/reporting-live-from-the-first-ever-sjp-national-conference/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=New Voices |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nathan-Kazis |first=Josh |date=2011-10-11 |title=Pro-Palestinian Student Activists Plan First National Conference |url=https://forward.com/news/144173/pro-palestinian-student-activists-plan-push/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=The Forward |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2017 yayitibwa okuwa omusomo ku lunaku lwa [[:en:TB_Davie_Memorial_Lecture|TB Davie Memorial]] ku ddembe ly'okusoma mu Yunivasite y'e Cape Town, era emboozi ye, eyatuumibwa "Decolonising the Post-Colonial University" yaleetawo okukubaganya ebirowoozo kungi. <ref name="uwn20183">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="davis20172">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> Okuva mu Gwekkumineebiri 2017 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2018, Mamdani yaweereza nga Rajni Kothari Chair Professor mu Center for the Study of Developing Societies mu Delhi, Buyindi. == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 4min5znnhd4p4usy1nju4tc9qn1hmwt 48681 48680 2026-05-03T09:19:51Z Charles Kalanzi 9748 48681 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mahmood Mamdani''' [ a ] FBA (yazaalibwa 23 Ogwokuna 1946) munnayuganda [[:en:Anthropologist|omukugu mu by'enkula y'abantu]], munnaby'anjigiriza, era omukugu mu by'obufuzi. Ye Herbert Lehman Pulofeesa wa Gavumenti era pulofeesa w’ensonga z'ekikula ky'abantu, [[:en:Political_science|ssaayansi w’ebyobufuzi]], n’okunoonyereza [[:en:African_studies|ku nsoma y'Afirika]] mu [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]] . Era akola nga Ccansala wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda, era nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa ku Center for African Studis mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y'e Cape Town]] . Emabegako yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole kya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. Mamdani mukugu mu kusoma ebyobufuzi bya Afrika n’ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw’amatwale]] n’oluvannyuma [[:en:Postcolonialism|lw'obufuzi bw’amatwale]], n’ebyobufuzi [[:en:Knowledge_economy|by’ebyenfuna]] . Mufumbo nga mukazi we ye [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]] omuzannyi wa firimu . Ye ne Nair be bazadde ba [[:en:New_York_City_Mayor|Meeya w'ekibuga New York]] [[Zohran Mamdani]] . == Obuto bwe n’okusoma == Mahmood Mamdani yazaalibwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1946 mu [[:en:Bombay|kibuga Bombay]] (kati Mumbai), Buyindi, ng’ebula omwaka gumu [[:en:British_Raj|enfuga ya Bungereza]] ekome. <ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/education/news/mahmood-mamdani-education-and-career-path-how-zohran-mamdanis-father-built-a-legacy-of-revolution-through-ideas-and-exile/articleshow/122064130.cms "Mahmood Mamdani education and career path: How Zohran Mamdani's father built a legacy of revolution through ideas and exile"]. ''The Times of India''. 25 June 2025. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN&nbsp;]][https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-8257 0971-825]7. Retrieved 13 July 2025.</ref> <ref name="codesria">{{Cite web |title=Pr. Mahmood Mamdani (1998-2002) |url=https://codesria.org/pr-mahmood-mamdani-1998-2002/ |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> Yakulira mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=23 February 2021 |title=Mahmood Mamdani on Uganda |url=https://africasacountry.com/2011/04/mamdani-on-uganda |website=Africa is a Country}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Permanent Minorities and the Politics of Survivors: A conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://worldpeacefoundation.org/blog/permanent-minorities-and-the-politics-of-survivors-a-conversation-with-mahmood-mamdani/ |website=World Peace Foundation}}</ref> ng'omu ku [[:en:Indian_diaspora_in_Southeast_Africa|Bayindi ababundabunda mu bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba bwa Afrika]] . Bazadde be bombi, [[:en:Gujarati_Muslim|basiraamu Abagujarati]], baazaalibwa era ne bakulira mu kitundu kya Bungereza eky'amatwale ki [[:en:Tanganyika_Territory|Tanganyika]] (leero Tanzania). Abafumbo bano baagenda e Bombay olwo kitaawe n’asomerayo mu ttendekero ekkulu. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Chen |first=Kuan-Hsing |last2=Gao |first2=Shiming |last3=Tang |first3=Xiaolin |date=2016 |title=The formation of an African intellectual: an interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |journal=Inter-Asia Cultural Studies |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=456–480 |doi=10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref>Muhoozi, Mourice (6 March 2022). [https://www.watchdoguganda.com/news/20220306/131449/meet-ugandas-most-iconic-academician-prof-mahmood-mamdani.html "Meet Uganda's most Iconic academician, Prof. Mahmood Mamdani"]. ''Watchdog Uganda''</ref> Famire yaddayo e [[:en:Dar_es_Salaam|Dar es Salaam]], Tanganyika, nga Mamdani wa myaka ebiri, ne bagenda e Uganda nga wa myaka etaano oba mukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Mu kiseera ekyo, Uganda yali yayawulwamu okusinziira ku mawanga, omuli abantu gye babeera, amasomero, emizikiti, n’ebifo abaana we bazannyira. Okusoma kwe mu pulayimale, Mamdani yasooka kugenda mu [[:en:Madrasa|madarasa]], n’oluvannyuma mu Government Indian Primary School. <ref name=":8"/> Yakula ng'ayogera [[:en:Gujarati_language|Olugujarati]], [[:en:Urdu|Oluurdu]] [[:en:Swahili_language|n'Oluswayiri]] . Yatandika okusoma Olungereza mu kibiina eky’omukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Oluvannyuma lw’okusoma siniya ey’awansi, yasomera ku Old Kampala Senior Secondary School, gye yali omuwandiisi w’ekibiina kya Do-it-Yourself Physics. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uganda: Buganda And Uganda At Crossroads |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090826030635/http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |archive-date=26 August 2009 |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=AllAfrica}}</ref> Mamdani yali omu ku bayizi Bannayuganda 23 abaali mu kibiina kya [[:en:The_Kennedy_Airlift|Kennedy Airlift]] mu 1963, enteekateeka ya sikaala eyaweebwa ssente okuva mu Amerika eyaleetera ebikumi n’ebikumi by'abayizi okuva mu [[:en:East_Africa|Buvanjuba bwa Afrika]] okusomera ku yunivasite mu Amerika ne Canada wakati wa 1959 ne 1963. <ref name="indian tele">{{Cite web |last=Sen |first=Manjula |date=25 January 2009 |title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |archive-date=2 February 2009 |access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref> Mamdani yatikkirwa diguli ya Bachelor of Arts okuva mu [[:en:University_of_Pittsburgh|Yunivasite y’e Pittsburgh]] <ref name="codesria"/> mu 1967. <ref>{{Cite book |date=1 January 2010 |title=International Encyclopedia of Civil Society |url=https://link.springer.com/referencework/10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |vauthors=((Anheier, H. K.)), ((Toepler, S.)) |publisher=Springer US |isbn=978-0-387-93994-0 |editor-last=Anheier |editor-first=Helmut K. |doi=10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |editor-last2=Toepler |editor-first2=Stefan}}</ref> Yali omu ku bayizi abangi mu bukiikakkono bwa Amerika abaali mu lugendo lwa bbaasi mu bukiikaddyo okutuuka e [[:en:Montgomery,_Alabama|Montgomery, Alabama]], olwategekebwa [[:en:Student_Nonviolent_Coordinating_Committee|akakiiko akakwasaganya abayizi abatali ba ffujjo]] mu Gwokusatu 1965 okwetaba mu kaweefube w'okulwanirira [[:en:Civil_rights_movement|eddembe ly’obuntu]] . Kino kyaliwo mu kiseera ky’okutambula okuva e [[:en:Selma_to_Montgomery_marches|Selma okutuuka e Montgomery]], naye nga kyo kya njawulo. Yasibibwa mu kkomera mu kutambula kuno era n’akkirizibwa okukuba essimu. Mamdani yakubira [[:en:Embassy_of_Uganda,_Washington,_D.C.|omubaka wa Uganda]] e [[:en:Washington,_DC|Washington, DC]], amuyambe. Omubaka yamubuuza lwaki "ayingirira ensonga z'omunda mu nsi engwira", n'amuddamu nti teyali nsonga ya munda wabula olutalo lw'eddembe era nti nabo eddembe lyabwe baali bakalifuna omwaka ogwakaggwa. <ref name="pambazuka">{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=28 April 2007 |title=The Asian question again: A reflection |url=http://www.pambazuka.org/en/category/comment/41273 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]] (Uganda) |via=pambazuka.org}}</ref> Amangu ddala nga wayiseewo akaseera katono, Mamdani yategeera ku mulimu gwa [[:en:Karl_Marx|Karl Marx]] okuva mu kukyala kwe ku FBI. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Shringarpure |first=Bhakti |author-link=Bhakti Shringarpure |date=15 July 2013 |title=In Conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.warscapes.com/conversations/conversation-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=6 November 2017 |website=Warscapes |language=en |quote=I thought the guy Marx had just died. […] So that was my introduction to Karl Marx.}}</ref> Yasomera ku [[:en:Fletcher_School_of_Law_and_Diplomacy|Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy]] mu [[:en:Tufts_University|Yunivasite ya Tufts]] era mu 1968 yatikkirwa diguli ya Master of Arts mu [[:en:Political_science|byobufuzi]] ne Master of Arts mu mateeka ne diplomacy mu 1969. Yafuna diguli ye [[:en:Doctor_of_philosophy|eyookusatu]] mu gavumenti okuva mu [[:en:Harvard_University|Yunivasite y'e Harvard]] mu 1974, wansi w’obulagirizi bwa [[:en:Karl_Deutsch|Karl Deutsch]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and class formation in Uganda |url=http://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=978-0-85345-378-9 |location=New York |via=Internet Archive}}</ref> Omulamwa kw'eyatambuliza ddiguli ye eyookusatu yagiwa omutwe "''Politics and Class Formation in Uganda."'' <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and Class Formation in Uganda |url=https://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=0-85345-378-0 |location=New York |oclc=2073894 |url-access=registration}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Allen |first=Judith Van |last2=Mamdani |first2=Mahmood |last3=Shivji |first3=Issa G. |date=November 1977 |title=Reviewed Works: Politics and Class Formation in Uganda. by Mahmood Mamdani; Class Struggles in Tanzania. by Issa G. Shivji |journal=Contemporary Sociology |publisher=American Sociological Association |volume=6 |issue=6 |pages=702 |doi=10.2307/2066367 |issn=0094-3061 |eissn=1939-8638 |jstor=2066367}}</ref> == Emirimu gye == Mamdani yakomawo mu Uganda ku ntandikwa ya 1972 era naweebwa omulimu ku [[Makerere University, Uganda|yunivasite y'e Makerere]] mu Kampala [[:en:Teaching_assistant|ng'ayambako omusomesa]], mu kiseera kye kimu yali akola ku kunoonyereza kwe okwa ddiguli eyookusatu. . Ye n’Abaasia abasinga obungi [[:en:Expulsion_of_Asians_from_Uganda|baagobebwa]] mu Uganda ku nkomerero y’omwaka ogwo [[Idi Amin]] olw’amawanga gaabwe; Amin yali agenderera "kuzzaawo" bizinensi n'ebintu. Mamdani yava mu Uganda n’agenda mu nkambi y’ababundabunda mu Bungereza ku ntandikwa y'omwezi Gwekkuminoogumu. <ref name="lrb2022">{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2022-10-06 |title=The Asian Question |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v44/n19/mahmood-mamdani/the-asian-question |journal=[[London Review of Books]] |language=en |volume=44 |issue=19 |issn=0260-9592 |access-date=2025-09-08}}</ref> Yava e Bungereza mu makkati ga 1973 oluvannyuma lw’okuyingizibwa mu [[:en:University_of_Dar_es_Salaam|Yunivasite y’e Dar es Salaam]] mu Tanzania. <ref name="pambazuka"/> <ref name="cas2018">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> <ref name="bio2">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> Mu Dar es Salaam, yamaliriza okuwandiika dissertation ye. Yali mujjumbize nnyo n’ebibiina ebiwakanya Amin. Mu 1979, yeetaba mu Ttabamiruka w’e Moshi ng’omutunuulizi. Yaddayo mu Uganda oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa ku bukulembeze oluvannyuma lw'olutalo lwa [[Olutalo lwa Uganda ne Tanzania|Uganda ne Tanzania]] mu 1979. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McCormack |first=Pete |date=17 October 2005 |title=Interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.petemccormack.com/interview_mamdani_001.htm |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=petemccormack.com}}</ref> <ref name="bio2" /> Mu kiseera kino, yakozesebwa ng'omutendeke mu kibiina kya [[:en:All_Africa_Conference_of_Churches|All Africa Conference of Churches]], omukago [[:en:Ecumenical_Christian|gw'Abakristaayo ogw'ensi yonna]] ogusangibwa e [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, ng'akolera mu ofiisi [[:en:Church_of_Uganda|y'Ekkanisa ya Uganda]] mu Kampala. <ref name="lrb2022"/> Okuva mu 1980 (oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa mu ntebe mu 1979) okutuuka mu 1993 yaddamu okukolera yunivasite y’e Makerere. <ref name="bio2"/> <ref name="lrb2022"/>​[[Milton Obote|​]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kagolo |first=Francis |date=8 February 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani to be honoured among Africa's best |url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/628869-prof-mamdani-to-be-honoured-among-africa-s-best.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]]}}</ref> Yaddayo e Dar es Salaam. Oluvannyuma lwa Obote okugobwa mu ntebe omulundi ogwokubiri, Mamdani yaddamu okudda mu Uganda mu Gwomukaaga 1986. <ref name="indian tele"/> Yali dayirekita eyatandikawo ekitongole kya Centre for Basic Research (CBR), ekitongole kya Uganda ekitali kya gavumenti ekyasooka mu kunoonyereza, mwe yaweereza okuva mu 1987 okutuuka mu 1996. <ref name="diaspora">{{Cite web |date=29 November 2012 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012 |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=ugandandiaspora.com}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> <ref name="csds">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Yaliko pulofeesa omugenyi ku [[:en:University_of_Durban-Westville|Yunivasite y’e Durban]] - [[:en:Westville,_KwaZulu-Natal|Westville]] mu South Africa (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka mu Gwomukaaga 1993), ku [[:en:Nehru_Memorial_Museum_&_Library|Nehru Memorial Museum & Library]] e New Delhi (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka Gwomukaaga 1995), ne mu [[:en:Princeton_University|Yunivasite y'e Princeton]] (1995–96). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vance |first=Dara |date=2015-11-20 |title=UK Committee on Social Theory Hosts Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://uknow.uky.edu/uk-happenings/uk-committee-social-theory-hosts-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=UKNow}}</ref> Mu 1996, yalondebwa okubeera omukulembeze w’entebe ya [[:en:Archibald_Campbell_Jordan|AC Jordan]] ey'ensoma y'Afirika mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y’e Cape Town]], <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 March 2011 |title=UCT in war over 'bantu education' |url=http://mg.co.za/article/2011-03-11-uct-in-war-over-bantu-education |access-date=22 March 2013}}</ref> era ku ntandikwa ya 1997 n’afuuka akulira [[:en:Centre_for_African_Studies|ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku by'ensoma y'Afirika]] (CAS). <ref name="uwn2018">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> Yavaawo oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obutakkaanya n'abasomesa (abasinga obungi abazungu) ku bbago ly'ensoma ye ey'omusomo ogw'omusingi ku Afrika oguyitibwa "Problematising Africa". <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=June 1, 1998 |title=Is African studies to be turned into a new home for Bantu education at UCT? |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/02533959808458649 |journal=Social Dynamics |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=63–75 |doi=10.1080/02533959808458649 |issn=0253-3952 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> Mamdani, eyalaga nti ensoma eriwo eya " [[:en:Bantu_Education_Act,_1953|Bantu studies]] " (mu kujjuliza ku kusomesa Abaddugavu wansi w'enfuga [[:en:Apartheid|y'obusosoze]] ) <ref name="cas2018" /> yayimirizibwa era okukkakkana ng'alekulidde. <ref name="davis2017">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> "Ensonga ya Mamdani" ekyayogerwako mu kukubaganya ebirowoozo ku [[:en:Decolonization_of_higher_education_in_South_Africa|kununula amatendekero aga waggulu okuva mu nsoma y'abamatwale]] . Oluvannyuma yagamba nti teyalina busungu ku muntu yenna, era yalina enkolagana ennungi ekiseera kye yamalayo. Yagamba nti obutakwatagana bwali ku njawulo mu ndowooza n'addala ensengeka y’ensoma ku bikwata ku kusoma South Africa ng’ensi ya Afrika. Oluvannyuma (2018) yakomezebwawo nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa asuutibwa. [ b ] <ref name="uwn2018" /> Mu 1999, Mamdani yalondebwa okuba dayirekita w’ekitongole ekikola ku by’okunoonyereza ku Afirika mu yunivasite ya Columbia, ekifo kye yalina okutuusa mu 2004. <ref name="uwn2018"/> Okuva olwo abadde asomesa eyo (nga 2025). <ref name="haag2025">{{Cite web |last=Haag |first=Matthew |last2=Goldberg |first2=Emma |date=27 June 2025 |title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |archive-date=7 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku mbeera z’abantu ekya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=18 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University]] |archive-date=2 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002055113/http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Agaba |first=John |title=Mamdani talks about his research legacy and work at Makerere |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20220329112608625 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="bio2"/> Okutuuka mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2025 [[:en:Columbia_University#Academics|pulofeesa wa Herbert Lehman mu Gavumenti]] era pulofeesa ku nkula y'abantu, okusoma saayansi w'ebyobufuzi [[:en:African_studies|n'okusoma ku Afirika]] ku [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]].<ref name="bio2" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Faculty Bio: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/anthropology/fac-bios/mamdani/faculty.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Era akola nga chancellor wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://kiu.ac.ug/news-page.php?i=press-release-kampala-international-university-kiu-appoints-prof-mahmood-mamdani-as-chancellor |access-date=24 August 2020 |publisher=[[Kampala International University]]}}</ref> == Okunoonyereza n'okuwandiika == Mamdani yeemalira mu kunoonyereza ku byobufuzi bya Afirika n'eby'ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw'amatwale]] [[:en:Postcolonialism|n'oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale]], n'ebyobufuzi by'ebyenfuna. Ebitabo bye byekenneenya enkolagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'ebyobuwangwa, okugeraageranya [[:en:Colonialism|okufugibwa kw'amatwale]] okuva mu 1452, ebyafaayo by'entalo z'omunda [[:en:Genocide|n'ekitta bantu]] mu Afirika, [[:en:Cold_War|Olutalo olw'Ensi Yonna olw'ebigambo]] [[:en:War_on_terror|n'olutalo ku butujju]], n'ebyafaayo by'eddembe ly'obuntu.<ref>vSneh, Itai Nartzizenfield (2008). [https://books.google.com/books?id=iax4AAAAMAAJ ''The Future Almost Arrived: How Jimmy Carter Failed to Change U.S. Foreign Policy''.] [[:en:Peter_Lang_(publishing_company)|Peter Lang]]. p. 169. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780820481852|9780820481852]]</bdi>.</ref> Okunoonyereza kwe okw'omwaka 2016 kwatandikira ku kitabo kye eky'omwaka 1996, [[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]. <ref>[http://polisci.columbia.edu/people/profile/96 "Mahmood Mamdani | Department of Political Science"]. ''polisci.columbia.edu''. Retrieved 21 January 2016.</ref>Mu kitabo ekyo, yagamba nti eggwanga eryafugibwa terisobola kutegeerwa nga tewekenenyeza bulungi eggwanga eryalifuga.Enkola y'obufuzi bw'amatwale mu Afirika yali eddamu okusoomoozebwa kw'ekibuuzo "ekikulu", era yagamba nti yafuuka "amawanga agaabuluziddwamu".<ref name=":0">Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. pp. 15–16. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|<bdi>9780852553992</bdi>.]]</ref>Kino kyali kikolebwa mu ngeri bbiri: ku ludda olumu nga bafuga butereevu, nga kino kyali kikolwa kya "buyinza" era nga kyali kigenderera okuggya abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo ku ddembe ly'obuntu eryali liweebwa abatuuze mu bitundu ebirala, ate ku ludda olulala nga bafuga mu ngeri etali y'abuteerevu, nga kino kyali kikolebwa mu byalo era nga kizingiramu okuyingiza "bannansi" mu "mateeka g'eggwanga" agaateekebwawo ab'obuyinza mu byalo, era nga kino yakiyita "obwannakyemalira obw'okugabanya obuyinza".<ref name=":0" /> Embeera eno yali "yakusika muguwa" era ng'erimu "engeri bbiri ez'obuyinza wansi w'obuyinza obumu".<ref name=":0" /> Oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale, ebibuga byali tebikyayawulamu bantu lwa langi naye ebyalo byali bikyafugibwa abakulembeze abaali mu nkwawa z'abafuzi b'amatwale, ka babe abakulembeze ab'ennono oba b'ebali bakwasizzaobuyinza nga balina ebiruubirirwa by'okufugisa omukono ogw'ekyuma.<ref>Clapham, Chris (1997). "Review: Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism by Mahmood Mamdani'". ''Royal Institute of International Affairs''. '''73''': 606.</ref>Mu ngeri eno obukulembeze bwonna bwaleeta enjawukana mu mawnga era n'ekutondawo obukulembeze bwabwe obw'enjawulo obwannakyemalira.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref> Mamdani yekennenya ebyafaayo mu South Africa ne Uganda okulaga nti obufuzi bw'amatwale bwakozesa obuyinza obuyitiridde era obuyinza obwo bweyongera okubaawo oluvannyuma lw'ameefuga.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. p. 37. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref>Ng’asomooza endowooza eza bulijjo ku busosoze mu South Afrika nga ez’enjawulo, agamba nti [[:en:Apartheid|obusosoze mu mawanga]] bwali ngeri ya bulijjo ey’ettwale lya Bulaaya mu Africa, nga lizingiramu ensonga [[:en:Indirect_rule|z’obufuzi obutali butereevu]] n’okukwatagana<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1 January 1996 |title=Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism |isbn=9780852553992 |pages=16–18}}</ref> Mu kitabo kye ekyafulumizibwa mu 2004 ekya ''Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: America, the Cold War, and the Roots of Terror'' Mamdani yagamba nti [[:en:Suicide_attack|abeetuze]] balina okumanyibwa "ng'ekika ky'omujaasi" era nti balina "okutegeerwa mu ngeri y'effujjo ly'ebyobufuzi ery'omulembe guno okusinga okuvumwavumwa ng'akabonero k'obukambwe". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bickerton |first=James |date=2025-07-11 |title=Zohran Mamdani's father's remark about suicide bombers comes under scrutiny |url=https://www.newsweek.com/zohran-mamdani-father-remark-about-suicide-bombers-comes-under-scrutiny-2097793 |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref> Omuyivu omu yagamba nti kino si kuwagira kwettisa bbomu wabula kwekenneenya okwanenya '"okusalawo kwa Amerika ku nkola y'ensonga z'ebweru naddala mu kiseera ky'olutalo olw'ebigambo", okutondawo embeera [[:en:Islamic_extremism|y'Obusiraamu obw'annalukalala]] [[:en:Political_violence|n'effujjo mu byobufuzi]] " mwe byakulaakulanira. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Murray |first=Conor |date=Jul 11, 2025 |title=Mahmood Mamdani's Work Does Not Advocate Violence, Expert Says |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/conormurray/2025/07/11/sequoias-maguire-unfairly-targets-zohran-mamdanis-father-fellow-academic-says/ |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko bye bifulumiddde mu ''[[:en:London_Review_of_Books|London Review of Books]]'' n'ekampuni ezifulumya ebitabo ebirala.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/contributors/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=London Review of Books |language=en-GB}}</ref> Okusinziira ku CAS, ebiwandiiko bya Mamdani "bibadde bikulu mu kusomebwa abayizi abali ku misomo gyabwe egya undergraduate ne Postgraduate ku UCT ssaako n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo ku nsoma y'ebyafaayo n'ebyobufuzi bya Afirika , nga banonyereza ku nkwatagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'obuwangwa, okugerageranya obufuzi bw'amatwale, entalo ez'omunda mu ggwanga n'ekittabantu mu Afirika".<ref name="uwn20182">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> == Emirimu gy'emirala == Okuva mu 1998 <ref name="bio22">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> oba 1999 okutuuka mu 2002, Mamdani yaweereza nga pulezidenti w'olukiiko olukulaakulanya okunoonyereza ku ssaayansi w'embeera z'abantu mu Afrika ([[:en:Council_for_the_Development_of_Social_Science_Research_in_Africa|Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa]]). <ref name="cas20182">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumineebiri 2001, yawa okwogera ku "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" mu lukungaana lwa [[:en:Nobel_Prize|Nobel Centennial Symposium]] e [[:en:Oslo|Oslo]], Norway. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 December 2001 |title=Speech by Dr. Mahmood Mamdani: "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/mediaplayer/index.php?id=1281 |access-date=24 March 2013 |publisher=Nobel Prize}}</ref> Mu Gwomwenda 2006, Mamdani yali omu ku boogezi abaayitibwa mu lukuŋŋaana lw’ekibiina kya [[:en:Ugandan_North_American_Association_(UNAA)|Uganda North American Association (UNAA)]] mu kibuga New York. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2006-09-05 |title=UNAA Convention was disorganised! |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/news/1141390/unaa-convention-disorganised |access-date=2026-02-18 |publisher=New Vision (Kampala)}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano 2011, mu kiseera ky'okwekalakaasa okwali mu kibangirizi kya Tahrir([[:en:Tahrir_Square_protests|Tahrir Square protests]]) mu kibuga [[:en:Cairo|Cairo]], Misiri, Mamdani yayitibwa okwogerako mu [[:en:American_University_of_Cairo|Yunivasite y’Amerika e Cairo]]. Ng’ayogera eri abayizi mu [[:en:University_of_KwaZulu-Natal|yunivasite y’e KwaZulu-Natal]] mu South Africa mu 2012, kino yakigeraageranya n’obwegugungo obwaliwo mu Soweto ([[:en:1976_Soweto_uprising|Soweto Uprising]]) mu 1976 . <ref name="kwazulu2012">{{Cite web |date=24 April 2012 |title=Address on Receiving an Honorary Doctorate at the University of Kwazulu Natal |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/mesaas/images/faculty/news/Mamdani%20commencement.pdf |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumi 2011, Mamdani (nga bali wamu ne Rhoda Ann Kanaaneh) y'eyali omwogezi omukulu mu lukungaana lw’eggwanga olwasooka olw’abayizi olwa [[:en:Students_for_Justice_in_Palestine|Students for Justice in Palestine]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Silver |first=Carly |date=2011-10-16 |title=Reporting live from the first-ever SJP National Conference |url=https://newvoices.org/2011/10/15/reporting-live-from-the-first-ever-sjp-national-conference/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=New Voices |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nathan-Kazis |first=Josh |date=2011-10-11 |title=Pro-Palestinian Student Activists Plan First National Conference |url=https://forward.com/news/144173/pro-palestinian-student-activists-plan-push/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=The Forward |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2017 yayitibwa okuwa omusomo ku lunaku lwa [[:en:TB_Davie_Memorial_Lecture|TB Davie Memorial]] ku ddembe ly'okusoma mu Yunivasite y'e Cape Town, era emboozi ye, eyatuumibwa "Decolonising the Post-Colonial University" yaleetawo okukubaganya ebirowoozo kungi. <ref name="uwn20183">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="davis20172">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> Okuva mu Gwekkumineebiri 2017 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2018, Mamdani yaweereza nga Rajni Kothari Chair Professor mu [[:en:Centre_for_the_Study_of_Developing_Societies|Center for the Study of Developing Societies]] mu [[:en:Delhi|Delhi,]] Buyindi. == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] rfdc00xrjycw0u7ouud3to8mxiumwr6 48682 48681 2026-05-03T09:21:07Z Charles Kalanzi 9748 48682 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mahmood Mamdani''' [ a ] FBA (yazaalibwa 23 Ogwokuna 1946) munnayuganda [[:en:Anthropologist|omukugu mu by'enkula y'abantu]], munnaby'anjigiriza, era omukugu mu by'obufuzi. Ye Herbert Lehman Pulofeesa wa Gavumenti era pulofeesa w’ensonga z'ekikula ky'abantu, [[:en:Political_science|ssaayansi w’ebyobufuzi]], n’okunoonyereza [[:en:African_studies|ku nsoma y'Afirika]] mu [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]] . Era akola nga Ccansala wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda, era nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa ku Center for African Studis mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y'e Cape Town]] . Emabegako yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole kya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. Mamdani mukugu mu kusoma ebyobufuzi bya Afrika n’ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw’amatwale]] n’oluvannyuma [[:en:Postcolonialism|lw'obufuzi bw’amatwale]], n’ebyobufuzi [[:en:Knowledge_economy|by’ebyenfuna]] . Mufumbo nga mukazi we ye [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]] omuzannyi wa firimu . Ye ne Nair be bazadde ba [[:en:New_York_City_Mayor|Meeya w'ekibuga New York]] [[Zohran Mamdani]] . == Obuto bwe n’okusoma == Mahmood Mamdani yazaalibwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1946 mu [[:en:Bombay|kibuga Bombay]] (kati Mumbai), Buyindi, ng’ebula omwaka gumu [[:en:British_Raj|enfuga ya Bungereza]] ekome. <ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/education/news/mahmood-mamdani-education-and-career-path-how-zohran-mamdanis-father-built-a-legacy-of-revolution-through-ideas-and-exile/articleshow/122064130.cms "Mahmood Mamdani education and career path: How Zohran Mamdani's father built a legacy of revolution through ideas and exile"]. ''The Times of India''. 25 June 2025. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN&nbsp;]][https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-8257 0971-825]7. Retrieved 13 July 2025.</ref> <ref name="codesria">{{Cite web |title=Pr. Mahmood Mamdani (1998-2002) |url=https://codesria.org/pr-mahmood-mamdani-1998-2002/ |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> Yakulira mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=23 February 2021 |title=Mahmood Mamdani on Uganda |url=https://africasacountry.com/2011/04/mamdani-on-uganda |website=Africa is a Country}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Permanent Minorities and the Politics of Survivors: A conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://worldpeacefoundation.org/blog/permanent-minorities-and-the-politics-of-survivors-a-conversation-with-mahmood-mamdani/ |website=World Peace Foundation}}</ref> ng'omu ku [[:en:Indian_diaspora_in_Southeast_Africa|Bayindi ababundabunda mu bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba bwa Afrika]] . Bazadde be bombi, [[:en:Gujarati_Muslim|basiraamu Abagujarati]], baazaalibwa era ne bakulira mu kitundu kya Bungereza eky'amatwale ki [[:en:Tanganyika_Territory|Tanganyika]] (leero Tanzania). Abafumbo bano baagenda e Bombay olwo kitaawe n’asomerayo mu ttendekero ekkulu. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Chen |first=Kuan-Hsing |last2=Gao |first2=Shiming |last3=Tang |first3=Xiaolin |date=2016 |title=The formation of an African intellectual: an interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |journal=Inter-Asia Cultural Studies |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=456–480 |doi=10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref>Muhoozi, Mourice (6 March 2022). [https://www.watchdoguganda.com/news/20220306/131449/meet-ugandas-most-iconic-academician-prof-mahmood-mamdani.html "Meet Uganda's most Iconic academician, Prof. Mahmood Mamdani"]. ''Watchdog Uganda''</ref> Famire yaddayo e [[:en:Dar_es_Salaam|Dar es Salaam]], Tanganyika, nga Mamdani wa myaka ebiri, ne bagenda e Uganda nga wa myaka etaano oba mukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Mu kiseera ekyo, Uganda yali yayawulwamu okusinziira ku mawanga, omuli abantu gye babeera, amasomero, emizikiti, n’ebifo abaana we bazannyira. Okusoma kwe mu pulayimale, Mamdani yasooka kugenda mu [[:en:Madrasa|madarasa]], n’oluvannyuma mu Government Indian Primary School. <ref name=":8"/> Yakula ng'ayogera [[:en:Gujarati_language|Olugujarati]], [[:en:Urdu|Oluurdu]] [[:en:Swahili_language|n'Oluswayiri]] . Yatandika okusoma Olungereza mu kibiina eky’omukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Oluvannyuma lw’okusoma siniya ey’awansi, yasomera ku Old Kampala Senior Secondary School, gye yali omuwandiisi w’ekibiina kya Do-it-Yourself Physics. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uganda: Buganda And Uganda At Crossroads |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090826030635/http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |archive-date=26 August 2009 |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=AllAfrica}}</ref> Mamdani yali omu ku bayizi Bannayuganda 23 abaali mu kibiina kya [[:en:The_Kennedy_Airlift|Kennedy Airlift]] mu 1963, enteekateeka ya sikaala eyaweebwa ssente okuva mu Amerika eyaleetera ebikumi n’ebikumi by'abayizi okuva mu [[:en:East_Africa|Buvanjuba bwa Afrika]] okusomera ku yunivasite mu Amerika ne Canada wakati wa 1959 ne 1963. <ref name="indian tele">{{Cite web |last=Sen |first=Manjula |date=25 January 2009 |title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |archive-date=2 February 2009 |access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref> Mamdani yatikkirwa diguli ya Bachelor of Arts okuva mu [[:en:University_of_Pittsburgh|Yunivasite y’e Pittsburgh]] <ref name="codesria"/> mu 1967. <ref>{{Cite book |date=1 January 2010 |title=International Encyclopedia of Civil Society |url=https://link.springer.com/referencework/10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |vauthors=((Anheier, H. K.)), ((Toepler, S.)) |publisher=Springer US |isbn=978-0-387-93994-0 |editor-last=Anheier |editor-first=Helmut K. |doi=10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |editor-last2=Toepler |editor-first2=Stefan}}</ref> Yali omu ku bayizi abangi mu bukiikakkono bwa Amerika abaali mu lugendo lwa bbaasi mu bukiikaddyo okutuuka e [[:en:Montgomery,_Alabama|Montgomery, Alabama]], olwategekebwa [[:en:Student_Nonviolent_Coordinating_Committee|akakiiko akakwasaganya abayizi abatali ba ffujjo]] mu Gwokusatu 1965 okwetaba mu kaweefube w'okulwanirira [[:en:Civil_rights_movement|eddembe ly’obuntu]] . Kino kyaliwo mu kiseera ky’okutambula okuva e [[:en:Selma_to_Montgomery_marches|Selma okutuuka e Montgomery]], naye nga kyo kya njawulo. Yasibibwa mu kkomera mu kutambula kuno era n’akkirizibwa okukuba essimu. Mamdani yakubira [[:en:Embassy_of_Uganda,_Washington,_D.C.|omubaka wa Uganda]] e [[:en:Washington,_DC|Washington, DC]], amuyambe. Omubaka yamubuuza lwaki "ayingirira ensonga z'omunda mu nsi engwira", n'amuddamu nti teyali nsonga ya munda wabula olutalo lw'eddembe era nti nabo eddembe lyabwe baali bakalifuna omwaka ogwakaggwa. <ref name="pambazuka">{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=28 April 2007 |title=The Asian question again: A reflection |url=http://www.pambazuka.org/en/category/comment/41273 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]] (Uganda) |via=pambazuka.org}}</ref> Amangu ddala nga wayiseewo akaseera katono, Mamdani yategeera ku mulimu gwa [[:en:Karl_Marx|Karl Marx]] okuva mu kukyala kwe ku FBI. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Shringarpure |first=Bhakti |author-link=Bhakti Shringarpure |date=15 July 2013 |title=In Conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.warscapes.com/conversations/conversation-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=6 November 2017 |website=Warscapes |language=en |quote=I thought the guy Marx had just died. […] So that was my introduction to Karl Marx.}}</ref> Yasomera ku [[:en:Fletcher_School_of_Law_and_Diplomacy|Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy]] mu [[:en:Tufts_University|Yunivasite ya Tufts]] era mu 1968 yatikkirwa diguli ya Master of Arts mu [[:en:Political_science|byobufuzi]] ne Master of Arts mu mateeka ne diplomacy mu 1969. Yafuna diguli ye [[:en:Doctor_of_philosophy|eyookusatu]] mu gavumenti okuva mu [[:en:Harvard_University|Yunivasite y'e Harvard]] mu 1974, wansi w’obulagirizi bwa [[:en:Karl_Deutsch|Karl Deutsch]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and class formation in Uganda |url=http://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=978-0-85345-378-9 |location=New York |via=Internet Archive}}</ref> Omulamwa kw'eyatambuliza ddiguli ye eyookusatu yagiwa omutwe "''Politics and Class Formation in Uganda."'' <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and Class Formation in Uganda |url=https://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=0-85345-378-0 |location=New York |oclc=2073894 |url-access=registration}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Allen |first=Judith Van |last2=Mamdani |first2=Mahmood |last3=Shivji |first3=Issa G. |date=November 1977 |title=Reviewed Works: Politics and Class Formation in Uganda. by Mahmood Mamdani; Class Struggles in Tanzania. by Issa G. Shivji |journal=Contemporary Sociology |publisher=American Sociological Association |volume=6 |issue=6 |pages=702 |doi=10.2307/2066367 |issn=0094-3061 |eissn=1939-8638 |jstor=2066367}}</ref> == Emirimu gye == Mamdani yakomawo mu Uganda ku ntandikwa ya 1972 era naweebwa omulimu ku [[Makerere University, Uganda|yunivasite y'e Makerere]] mu Kampala [[:en:Teaching_assistant|ng'ayambako omusomesa]], mu kiseera kye kimu yali akola ku kunoonyereza kwe okwa ddiguli eyookusatu. . Ye n’Abaasia abasinga obungi [[:en:Expulsion_of_Asians_from_Uganda|baagobebwa]] mu Uganda ku nkomerero y’omwaka ogwo [[Idi Amin]] olw’amawanga gaabwe; Amin yali agenderera "kuzzaawo" bizinensi n'ebintu. Mamdani yava mu Uganda n’agenda mu nkambi y’ababundabunda mu Bungereza ku ntandikwa y'omwezi Gwekkuminoogumu. <ref name="lrb2022">{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2022-10-06 |title=The Asian Question |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v44/n19/mahmood-mamdani/the-asian-question |journal=[[London Review of Books]] |language=en |volume=44 |issue=19 |issn=0260-9592 |access-date=2025-09-08}}</ref> Yava e Bungereza mu makkati ga 1973 oluvannyuma lw’okuyingizibwa mu [[:en:University_of_Dar_es_Salaam|Yunivasite y’e Dar es Salaam]] mu Tanzania. <ref name="pambazuka"/> <ref name="cas2018">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> <ref name="bio2">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> Mu Dar es Salaam, yamaliriza okuwandiika dissertation ye. Yali mujjumbize nnyo n’ebibiina ebiwakanya Amin. Mu 1979, yeetaba mu Ttabamiruka w’e Moshi ng’omutunuulizi. Yaddayo mu Uganda oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa ku bukulembeze oluvannyuma lw'olutalo lwa [[Olutalo lwa Uganda ne Tanzania|Uganda ne Tanzania]] mu 1979. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McCormack |first=Pete |date=17 October 2005 |title=Interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.petemccormack.com/interview_mamdani_001.htm |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=petemccormack.com}}</ref> <ref name="bio2" /> Mu kiseera kino, yakozesebwa ng'omutendeke mu kibiina kya [[:en:All_Africa_Conference_of_Churches|All Africa Conference of Churches]], omukago [[:en:Ecumenical_Christian|gw'Abakristaayo ogw'ensi yonna]] ogusangibwa e [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, ng'akolera mu ofiisi [[:en:Church_of_Uganda|y'Ekkanisa ya Uganda]] mu Kampala. <ref name="lrb2022"/> Okuva mu 1980 (oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa mu ntebe mu 1979) okutuuka mu 1993 yaddamu okukolera yunivasite y’e Makerere. <ref name="bio2"/> <ref name="lrb2022"/>​[[Milton Obote|​]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kagolo |first=Francis |date=8 February 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani to be honoured among Africa's best |url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/628869-prof-mamdani-to-be-honoured-among-africa-s-best.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]]}}</ref> Yaddayo e Dar es Salaam. Oluvannyuma lwa Obote okugobwa mu ntebe omulundi ogwokubiri, Mamdani yaddamu okudda mu Uganda mu Gwomukaaga 1986. <ref name="indian tele"/> Yali dayirekita eyatandikawo ekitongole kya Centre for Basic Research (CBR), ekitongole kya Uganda ekitali kya gavumenti ekyasooka mu kunoonyereza, mwe yaweereza okuva mu 1987 okutuuka mu 1996. <ref name="diaspora">{{Cite web |date=29 November 2012 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012 |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=ugandandiaspora.com}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> <ref name="csds">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Yaliko pulofeesa omugenyi ku [[:en:University_of_Durban-Westville|Yunivasite y’e Durban]] - [[:en:Westville,_KwaZulu-Natal|Westville]] mu South Africa (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka mu Gwomukaaga 1993), ku [[:en:Nehru_Memorial_Museum_&_Library|Nehru Memorial Museum & Library]] e New Delhi (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka Gwomukaaga 1995), ne mu [[:en:Princeton_University|Yunivasite y'e Princeton]] (1995–96). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vance |first=Dara |date=2015-11-20 |title=UK Committee on Social Theory Hosts Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://uknow.uky.edu/uk-happenings/uk-committee-social-theory-hosts-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=UKNow}}</ref> Mu 1996, yalondebwa okubeera omukulembeze w’entebe ya [[:en:Archibald_Campbell_Jordan|AC Jordan]] ey'ensoma y'Afirika mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y’e Cape Town]], <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 March 2011 |title=UCT in war over 'bantu education' |url=http://mg.co.za/article/2011-03-11-uct-in-war-over-bantu-education |access-date=22 March 2013}}</ref> era ku ntandikwa ya 1997 n’afuuka akulira [[:en:Centre_for_African_Studies|ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku by'ensoma y'Afirika]] (CAS). <ref name="uwn2018">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> Yavaawo oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obutakkaanya n'abasomesa (abasinga obungi abazungu) ku bbago ly'ensoma ye ey'omusomo ogw'omusingi ku Afrika oguyitibwa "Problematising Africa". <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=June 1, 1998 |title=Is African studies to be turned into a new home for Bantu education at UCT? |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/02533959808458649 |journal=Social Dynamics |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=63–75 |doi=10.1080/02533959808458649 |issn=0253-3952 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> Mamdani, eyalaga nti ensoma eriwo eya " [[:en:Bantu_Education_Act,_1953|Bantu studies]] " (mu kujjuliza ku kusomesa Abaddugavu wansi w'enfuga [[:en:Apartheid|y'obusosoze]] ) <ref name="cas2018" /> yayimirizibwa era okukkakkana ng'alekulidde. <ref name="davis2017">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> "Ensonga ya Mamdani" ekyayogerwako mu kukubaganya ebirowoozo ku [[:en:Decolonization_of_higher_education_in_South_Africa|kununula amatendekero aga waggulu okuva mu nsoma y'abamatwale]] . Oluvannyuma yagamba nti teyalina busungu ku muntu yenna, era yalina enkolagana ennungi ekiseera kye yamalayo. Yagamba nti obutakwatagana bwali ku njawulo mu ndowooza n'addala ensengeka y’ensoma ku bikwata ku kusoma South Africa ng’ensi ya Afrika. Oluvannyuma (2018) yakomezebwawo nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa asuutibwa. [ b ] <ref name="uwn2018" /> Mu 1999, Mamdani yalondebwa okuba dayirekita w’ekitongole ekikola ku by’okunoonyereza ku Afirika mu yunivasite ya Columbia, ekifo kye yalina okutuusa mu 2004. <ref name="uwn2018"/> Okuva olwo abadde asomesa eyo (nga 2025). <ref name="haag2025">{{Cite web |last=Haag |first=Matthew |last2=Goldberg |first2=Emma |date=27 June 2025 |title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |archive-date=7 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku mbeera z’abantu ekya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=18 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University]] |archive-date=2 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002055113/http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Agaba |first=John |title=Mamdani talks about his research legacy and work at Makerere |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20220329112608625 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="bio2"/> Okutuuka mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2025 [[:en:Columbia_University#Academics|pulofeesa wa Herbert Lehman mu Gavumenti]] era pulofeesa ku nkula y'abantu, okusoma saayansi w'ebyobufuzi [[:en:African_studies|n'okusoma ku Afirika]] ku [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]].<ref name="bio2" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Faculty Bio: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/anthropology/fac-bios/mamdani/faculty.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Era akola nga chancellor wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://kiu.ac.ug/news-page.php?i=press-release-kampala-international-university-kiu-appoints-prof-mahmood-mamdani-as-chancellor |access-date=24 August 2020 |publisher=[[Kampala International University]]}}</ref> == Okunoonyereza n'okuwandiika == Mamdani yeemalira mu kunoonyereza ku byobufuzi bya Afirika n'eby'ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw'amatwale]] [[:en:Postcolonialism|n'oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale]], n'ebyobufuzi by'ebyenfuna. Ebitabo bye byekenneenya enkolagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'ebyobuwangwa, okugeraageranya [[:en:Colonialism|okufugibwa kw'amatwale]] okuva mu 1452, ebyafaayo by'entalo z'omunda [[:en:Genocide|n'ekitta bantu]] mu Afirika, [[:en:Cold_War|Olutalo olw'Ensi Yonna olw'ebigambo]] [[:en:War_on_terror|n'olutalo ku butujju]], n'ebyafaayo by'eddembe ly'obuntu.<ref>vSneh, Itai Nartzizenfield (2008). [https://books.google.com/books?id=iax4AAAAMAAJ ''The Future Almost Arrived: How Jimmy Carter Failed to Change U.S. Foreign Policy''.] [[:en:Peter_Lang_(publishing_company)|Peter Lang]]. p. 169. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780820481852|9780820481852]]</bdi>.</ref> Okunoonyereza kwe okw'omwaka 2016 kwatandikira ku kitabo kye eky'omwaka 1996, [[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]. <ref>[http://polisci.columbia.edu/people/profile/96 "Mahmood Mamdani | Department of Political Science"]. ''polisci.columbia.edu''. Retrieved 21 January 2016.</ref>Mu kitabo ekyo, yagamba nti eggwanga eryafugibwa terisobola kutegeerwa nga tewekenenyeza bulungi eggwanga eryalifuga.Enkola y'obufuzi bw'amatwale mu Afirika yali eddamu okusoomoozebwa kw'ekibuuzo "ekikulu", era yagamba nti yafuuka "amawanga agaabuluziddwamu".<ref name=":0">Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. pp. 15–16. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|<bdi>9780852553992</bdi>.]]</ref>Kino kyali kikolebwa mu ngeri bbiri: ku ludda olumu nga bafuga butereevu, nga kino kyali kikolwa kya "buyinza" era nga kyali kigenderera okuggya abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo ku ddembe ly'obuntu eryali liweebwa abatuuze mu bitundu ebirala, ate ku ludda olulala nga bafuga mu ngeri etali y'abuteerevu, nga kino kyali kikolebwa mu byalo era nga kizingiramu okuyingiza "bannansi" mu "mateeka g'eggwanga" agaateekebwawo ab'obuyinza mu byalo, era nga kino yakiyita "obwannakyemalira obw'okugabanya obuyinza".<ref name=":0" /> Embeera eno yali "yakusika muguwa" era ng'erimu "engeri bbiri ez'obuyinza wansi w'obuyinza obumu".<ref name=":0" /> Oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale, ebibuga byali tebikyayawulamu bantu lwa langi naye ebyalo byali bikyafugibwa abakulembeze abaali mu nkwawa z'abafuzi b'amatwale, ka babe abakulembeze ab'ennono oba b'ebali bakwasizzaobuyinza nga balina ebiruubirirwa by'okufugisa omukono ogw'ekyuma.<ref>Clapham, Chris (1997). "Review: Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism by Mahmood Mamdani'". ''Royal Institute of International Affairs''. '''73''': 606.</ref>Mu ngeri eno obukulembeze bwonna bwaleeta enjawukana mu mawnga era n'ekutondawo obukulembeze bwabwe obw'enjawulo obwannakyemalira.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref> Mamdani yekennenya ebyafaayo mu South Africa ne Uganda okulaga nti obufuzi bw'amatwale bwakozesa obuyinza obuyitiridde era obuyinza obwo bweyongera okubaawo oluvannyuma lw'ameefuga.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. p. 37. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref>Ng’asomooza endowooza eza bulijjo ku busosoze mu South Afrika nga ez’enjawulo, agamba nti [[:en:Apartheid|obusosoze mu mawanga]] bwali ngeri ya bulijjo ey’ettwale lya Bulaaya mu Africa, nga lizingiramu ensonga [[:en:Indirect_rule|z’obufuzi obutali butereevu]] n’okukwatagana<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1 January 1996 |title=Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism |isbn=9780852553992 |pages=16–18}}</ref> Mu kitabo kye ekyafulumizibwa mu 2004 ekya ''Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: America, the Cold War, and the Roots of Terror'' Mamdani yagamba nti [[:en:Suicide_attack|abeetuze]] balina okumanyibwa "ng'ekika ky'omujaasi" era nti balina "okutegeerwa mu ngeri y'effujjo ly'ebyobufuzi ery'omulembe guno okusinga okuvumwavumwa ng'akabonero k'obukambwe". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bickerton |first=James |date=2025-07-11 |title=Zohran Mamdani's father's remark about suicide bombers comes under scrutiny |url=https://www.newsweek.com/zohran-mamdani-father-remark-about-suicide-bombers-comes-under-scrutiny-2097793 |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref> Omuyivu omu yagamba nti kino si kuwagira kwettisa bbomu wabula kwekenneenya okwanenya '"okusalawo kwa Amerika ku nkola y'ensonga z'ebweru naddala mu kiseera ky'olutalo olw'ebigambo", okutondawo embeera [[:en:Islamic_extremism|y'Obusiraamu obw'annalukalala]] [[:en:Political_violence|n'effujjo mu byobufuzi]] " mwe byakulaakulanira. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Murray |first=Conor |date=Jul 11, 2025 |title=Mahmood Mamdani's Work Does Not Advocate Violence, Expert Says |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/conormurray/2025/07/11/sequoias-maguire-unfairly-targets-zohran-mamdanis-father-fellow-academic-says/ |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko bye bifulumiddde mu ''[[:en:London_Review_of_Books|London Review of Books]]'' n'ekampuni ezifulumya ebitabo ebirala.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/contributors/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=London Review of Books |language=en-GB}}</ref> Okusinziira ku CAS, ebiwandiiko bya Mamdani "bibadde bikulu mu kusomebwa abayizi abali ku misomo gyabwe egya undergraduate ne Postgraduate ku UCT ssaako n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo ku nsoma y'ebyafaayo n'ebyobufuzi bya Afirika , nga banonyereza ku nkwatagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'obuwangwa, okugerageranya obufuzi bw'amatwale, entalo ez'omunda mu ggwanga n'ekittabantu mu Afirika".<ref name="uwn20182">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> == Emirimu gy'emirala == Okuva mu 1998 <ref name="bio22">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> oba 1999 okutuuka mu 2002, Mamdani yaweereza nga pulezidenti w'olukiiko olukulaakulanya okunoonyereza ku ssaayansi w'embeera z'abantu mu Afrika ([[:en:Council_for_the_Development_of_Social_Science_Research_in_Africa|Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa]]). <ref name="cas20182">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumineebiri 2001, yawa okwogera ku "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" mu lukungaana lwa [[:en:Nobel_Prize|Nobel Centennial Symposium]] e [[:en:Oslo|Oslo]], Norway. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 December 2001 |title=Speech by Dr. Mahmood Mamdani: "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/mediaplayer/index.php?id=1281 |access-date=24 March 2013 |publisher=Nobel Prize}}</ref> Mu Gwomwenda 2006, Mamdani yali omu ku boogezi abaayitibwa mu lukuŋŋaana lw’ekibiina kya [[:en:Ugandan_North_American_Association_(UNAA)|Uganda North American Association (UNAA)]] mu kibuga New York. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2006-09-05 |title=UNAA Convention was disorganised! |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/news/1141390/unaa-convention-disorganised |access-date=2026-02-18 |publisher=New Vision (Kampala)}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano 2011, mu kiseera ky'okwekalakaasa okwali mu kibangirizi kya Tahrir([[:en:Tahrir_Square_protests|Tahrir Square protests]]) mu kibuga [[:en:Cairo|Cairo]], Misiri, Mamdani yayitibwa okwogerako mu [[:en:American_University_of_Cairo|Yunivasite y’Amerika e Cairo]]. Ng’ayogera eri abayizi mu [[:en:University_of_KwaZulu-Natal|yunivasite y’e KwaZulu-Natal]] mu South Africa mu 2012, kino yakigeraageranya n’obwegugungo obwaliwo mu Soweto ([[:en:1976_Soweto_uprising|Soweto Uprising]]) mu 1976 . <ref name="kwazulu2012">{{Cite web |date=24 April 2012 |title=Address on Receiving an Honorary Doctorate at the University of Kwazulu Natal |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/mesaas/images/faculty/news/Mamdani%20commencement.pdf |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumi 2011, Mamdani (nga bali wamu ne Rhoda Ann Kanaaneh) y'eyali omwogezi omukulu mu lukungaana lw’eggwanga olwasooka olw’abayizi olwa [[:en:Students_for_Justice_in_Palestine|Students for Justice in Palestine]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Silver |first=Carly |date=2011-10-16 |title=Reporting live from the first-ever SJP National Conference |url=https://newvoices.org/2011/10/15/reporting-live-from-the-first-ever-sjp-national-conference/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=New Voices |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nathan-Kazis |first=Josh |date=2011-10-11 |title=Pro-Palestinian Student Activists Plan First National Conference |url=https://forward.com/news/144173/pro-palestinian-student-activists-plan-push/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=The Forward |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2017 yayitibwa okuwa omusomo ku lunaku lwa [[:en:TB_Davie_Memorial_Lecture|TB Davie Memorial]] ku ddembe ly'okusoma mu Yunivasite y'e Cape Town, era emboozi ye, eyatuumibwa "Decolonising the Post-Colonial University" yaleetawo okukubaganya ebirowoozo kungi. <ref name="uwn20183">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="davis20172">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> Okuva mu Gwekkumineebiri 2017 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2018, Mamdani yaweereza nga Rajni Kothari Chair Professor mu [[:en:Centre_for_the_Study_of_Developing_Societies|Center for the Study of Developing Societies]] mu [[:en:Delhi|Delhi,]] Buyindi. Oluvannyuma lw'ekisanja kye okuggwako, nga 4 Ogwokuna 2018 yawa omusomo gwa Rajni Kothari Chair ogutegekebwa buli mwaka, == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] j6rx0le3c7znne5hejawqscn8sivibi 48683 48682 2026-05-03T09:23:04Z Charles Kalanzi 9748 48683 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mahmood Mamdani''' [ a ] FBA (yazaalibwa 23 Ogwokuna 1946) munnayuganda [[:en:Anthropologist|omukugu mu by'enkula y'abantu]], munnaby'anjigiriza, era omukugu mu by'obufuzi. Ye Herbert Lehman Pulofeesa wa Gavumenti era pulofeesa w’ensonga z'ekikula ky'abantu, [[:en:Political_science|ssaayansi w’ebyobufuzi]], n’okunoonyereza [[:en:African_studies|ku nsoma y'Afirika]] mu [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]] . Era akola nga Ccansala wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda, era nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa ku Center for African Studis mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y'e Cape Town]] . Emabegako yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole kya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. Mamdani mukugu mu kusoma ebyobufuzi bya Afrika n’ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw’amatwale]] n’oluvannyuma [[:en:Postcolonialism|lw'obufuzi bw’amatwale]], n’ebyobufuzi [[:en:Knowledge_economy|by’ebyenfuna]] . Mufumbo nga mukazi we ye [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]] omuzannyi wa firimu . Ye ne Nair be bazadde ba [[:en:New_York_City_Mayor|Meeya w'ekibuga New York]] [[Zohran Mamdani]] . == Obuto bwe n’okusoma == Mahmood Mamdani yazaalibwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1946 mu [[:en:Bombay|kibuga Bombay]] (kati Mumbai), Buyindi, ng’ebula omwaka gumu [[:en:British_Raj|enfuga ya Bungereza]] ekome. <ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/education/news/mahmood-mamdani-education-and-career-path-how-zohran-mamdanis-father-built-a-legacy-of-revolution-through-ideas-and-exile/articleshow/122064130.cms "Mahmood Mamdani education and career path: How Zohran Mamdani's father built a legacy of revolution through ideas and exile"]. ''The Times of India''. 25 June 2025. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN&nbsp;]][https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-8257 0971-825]7. Retrieved 13 July 2025.</ref> <ref name="codesria">{{Cite web |title=Pr. Mahmood Mamdani (1998-2002) |url=https://codesria.org/pr-mahmood-mamdani-1998-2002/ |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> Yakulira mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=23 February 2021 |title=Mahmood Mamdani on Uganda |url=https://africasacountry.com/2011/04/mamdani-on-uganda |website=Africa is a Country}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Permanent Minorities and the Politics of Survivors: A conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://worldpeacefoundation.org/blog/permanent-minorities-and-the-politics-of-survivors-a-conversation-with-mahmood-mamdani/ |website=World Peace Foundation}}</ref> ng'omu ku [[:en:Indian_diaspora_in_Southeast_Africa|Bayindi ababundabunda mu bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba bwa Afrika]] . Bazadde be bombi, [[:en:Gujarati_Muslim|basiraamu Abagujarati]], baazaalibwa era ne bakulira mu kitundu kya Bungereza eky'amatwale ki [[:en:Tanganyika_Territory|Tanganyika]] (leero Tanzania). Abafumbo bano baagenda e Bombay olwo kitaawe n’asomerayo mu ttendekero ekkulu. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Chen |first=Kuan-Hsing |last2=Gao |first2=Shiming |last3=Tang |first3=Xiaolin |date=2016 |title=The formation of an African intellectual: an interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |journal=Inter-Asia Cultural Studies |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=456–480 |doi=10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref>Muhoozi, Mourice (6 March 2022). [https://www.watchdoguganda.com/news/20220306/131449/meet-ugandas-most-iconic-academician-prof-mahmood-mamdani.html "Meet Uganda's most Iconic academician, Prof. Mahmood Mamdani"]. ''Watchdog Uganda''</ref> Famire yaddayo e [[:en:Dar_es_Salaam|Dar es Salaam]], Tanganyika, nga Mamdani wa myaka ebiri, ne bagenda e Uganda nga wa myaka etaano oba mukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Mu kiseera ekyo, Uganda yali yayawulwamu okusinziira ku mawanga, omuli abantu gye babeera, amasomero, emizikiti, n’ebifo abaana we bazannyira. Okusoma kwe mu pulayimale, Mamdani yasooka kugenda mu [[:en:Madrasa|madarasa]], n’oluvannyuma mu Government Indian Primary School. <ref name=":8"/> Yakula ng'ayogera [[:en:Gujarati_language|Olugujarati]], [[:en:Urdu|Oluurdu]] [[:en:Swahili_language|n'Oluswayiri]] . Yatandika okusoma Olungereza mu kibiina eky’omukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Oluvannyuma lw’okusoma siniya ey’awansi, yasomera ku Old Kampala Senior Secondary School, gye yali omuwandiisi w’ekibiina kya Do-it-Yourself Physics. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uganda: Buganda And Uganda At Crossroads |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090826030635/http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |archive-date=26 August 2009 |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=AllAfrica}}</ref> Mamdani yali omu ku bayizi Bannayuganda 23 abaali mu kibiina kya [[:en:The_Kennedy_Airlift|Kennedy Airlift]] mu 1963, enteekateeka ya sikaala eyaweebwa ssente okuva mu Amerika eyaleetera ebikumi n’ebikumi by'abayizi okuva mu [[:en:East_Africa|Buvanjuba bwa Afrika]] okusomera ku yunivasite mu Amerika ne Canada wakati wa 1959 ne 1963. <ref name="indian tele">{{Cite web |last=Sen |first=Manjula |date=25 January 2009 |title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |archive-date=2 February 2009 |access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref> Mamdani yatikkirwa diguli ya Bachelor of Arts okuva mu [[:en:University_of_Pittsburgh|Yunivasite y’e Pittsburgh]] <ref name="codesria"/> mu 1967. <ref>{{Cite book |date=1 January 2010 |title=International Encyclopedia of Civil Society |url=https://link.springer.com/referencework/10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |vauthors=((Anheier, H. K.)), ((Toepler, S.)) |publisher=Springer US |isbn=978-0-387-93994-0 |editor-last=Anheier |editor-first=Helmut K. |doi=10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |editor-last2=Toepler |editor-first2=Stefan}}</ref> Yali omu ku bayizi abangi mu bukiikakkono bwa Amerika abaali mu lugendo lwa bbaasi mu bukiikaddyo okutuuka e [[:en:Montgomery,_Alabama|Montgomery, Alabama]], olwategekebwa [[:en:Student_Nonviolent_Coordinating_Committee|akakiiko akakwasaganya abayizi abatali ba ffujjo]] mu Gwokusatu 1965 okwetaba mu kaweefube w'okulwanirira [[:en:Civil_rights_movement|eddembe ly’obuntu]] . Kino kyaliwo mu kiseera ky’okutambula okuva e [[:en:Selma_to_Montgomery_marches|Selma okutuuka e Montgomery]], naye nga kyo kya njawulo. Yasibibwa mu kkomera mu kutambula kuno era n’akkirizibwa okukuba essimu. Mamdani yakubira [[:en:Embassy_of_Uganda,_Washington,_D.C.|omubaka wa Uganda]] e [[:en:Washington,_DC|Washington, DC]], amuyambe. Omubaka yamubuuza lwaki "ayingirira ensonga z'omunda mu nsi engwira", n'amuddamu nti teyali nsonga ya munda wabula olutalo lw'eddembe era nti nabo eddembe lyabwe baali bakalifuna omwaka ogwakaggwa. <ref name="pambazuka">{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=28 April 2007 |title=The Asian question again: A reflection |url=http://www.pambazuka.org/en/category/comment/41273 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]] (Uganda) |via=pambazuka.org}}</ref> Amangu ddala nga wayiseewo akaseera katono, Mamdani yategeera ku mulimu gwa [[:en:Karl_Marx|Karl Marx]] okuva mu kukyala kwe ku FBI. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Shringarpure |first=Bhakti |author-link=Bhakti Shringarpure |date=15 July 2013 |title=In Conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.warscapes.com/conversations/conversation-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=6 November 2017 |website=Warscapes |language=en |quote=I thought the guy Marx had just died. […] So that was my introduction to Karl Marx.}}</ref> Yasomera ku [[:en:Fletcher_School_of_Law_and_Diplomacy|Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy]] mu [[:en:Tufts_University|Yunivasite ya Tufts]] era mu 1968 yatikkirwa diguli ya Master of Arts mu [[:en:Political_science|byobufuzi]] ne Master of Arts mu mateeka ne diplomacy mu 1969. Yafuna diguli ye [[:en:Doctor_of_philosophy|eyookusatu]] mu gavumenti okuva mu [[:en:Harvard_University|Yunivasite y'e Harvard]] mu 1974, wansi w’obulagirizi bwa [[:en:Karl_Deutsch|Karl Deutsch]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and class formation in Uganda |url=http://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=978-0-85345-378-9 |location=New York |via=Internet Archive}}</ref> Omulamwa kw'eyatambuliza ddiguli ye eyookusatu yagiwa omutwe "''Politics and Class Formation in Uganda."'' <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and Class Formation in Uganda |url=https://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=0-85345-378-0 |location=New York |oclc=2073894 |url-access=registration}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Allen |first=Judith Van |last2=Mamdani |first2=Mahmood |last3=Shivji |first3=Issa G. |date=November 1977 |title=Reviewed Works: Politics and Class Formation in Uganda. by Mahmood Mamdani; Class Struggles in Tanzania. by Issa G. Shivji |journal=Contemporary Sociology |publisher=American Sociological Association |volume=6 |issue=6 |pages=702 |doi=10.2307/2066367 |issn=0094-3061 |eissn=1939-8638 |jstor=2066367}}</ref> == Emirimu gye == Mamdani yakomawo mu Uganda ku ntandikwa ya 1972 era naweebwa omulimu ku [[Makerere University, Uganda|yunivasite y'e Makerere]] mu Kampala [[:en:Teaching_assistant|ng'ayambako omusomesa]], mu kiseera kye kimu yali akola ku kunoonyereza kwe okwa ddiguli eyookusatu. . Ye n’Abaasia abasinga obungi [[:en:Expulsion_of_Asians_from_Uganda|baagobebwa]] mu Uganda ku nkomerero y’omwaka ogwo [[Idi Amin]] olw’amawanga gaabwe; Amin yali agenderera "kuzzaawo" bizinensi n'ebintu. Mamdani yava mu Uganda n’agenda mu nkambi y’ababundabunda mu Bungereza ku ntandikwa y'omwezi Gwekkuminoogumu. <ref name="lrb2022">{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2022-10-06 |title=The Asian Question |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v44/n19/mahmood-mamdani/the-asian-question |journal=[[London Review of Books]] |language=en |volume=44 |issue=19 |issn=0260-9592 |access-date=2025-09-08}}</ref> Yava e Bungereza mu makkati ga 1973 oluvannyuma lw’okuyingizibwa mu [[:en:University_of_Dar_es_Salaam|Yunivasite y’e Dar es Salaam]] mu Tanzania. <ref name="pambazuka"/> <ref name="cas2018">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> <ref name="bio2">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> Mu Dar es Salaam, yamaliriza okuwandiika dissertation ye. Yali mujjumbize nnyo n’ebibiina ebiwakanya Amin. Mu 1979, yeetaba mu Ttabamiruka w’e Moshi ng’omutunuulizi. Yaddayo mu Uganda oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa ku bukulembeze oluvannyuma lw'olutalo lwa [[Olutalo lwa Uganda ne Tanzania|Uganda ne Tanzania]] mu 1979. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McCormack |first=Pete |date=17 October 2005 |title=Interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.petemccormack.com/interview_mamdani_001.htm |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=petemccormack.com}}</ref> <ref name="bio2" /> Mu kiseera kino, yakozesebwa ng'omutendeke mu kibiina kya [[:en:All_Africa_Conference_of_Churches|All Africa Conference of Churches]], omukago [[:en:Ecumenical_Christian|gw'Abakristaayo ogw'ensi yonna]] ogusangibwa e [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, ng'akolera mu ofiisi [[:en:Church_of_Uganda|y'Ekkanisa ya Uganda]] mu Kampala. <ref name="lrb2022"/> Okuva mu 1980 (oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa mu ntebe mu 1979) okutuuka mu 1993 yaddamu okukolera yunivasite y’e Makerere. <ref name="bio2"/> <ref name="lrb2022"/>​[[Milton Obote|​]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kagolo |first=Francis |date=8 February 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani to be honoured among Africa's best |url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/628869-prof-mamdani-to-be-honoured-among-africa-s-best.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]]}}</ref> Yaddayo e Dar es Salaam. Oluvannyuma lwa Obote okugobwa mu ntebe omulundi ogwokubiri, Mamdani yaddamu okudda mu Uganda mu Gwomukaaga 1986. <ref name="indian tele"/> Yali dayirekita eyatandikawo ekitongole kya Centre for Basic Research (CBR), ekitongole kya Uganda ekitali kya gavumenti ekyasooka mu kunoonyereza, mwe yaweereza okuva mu 1987 okutuuka mu 1996. <ref name="diaspora">{{Cite web |date=29 November 2012 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012 |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=ugandandiaspora.com}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> <ref name="csds">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Yaliko pulofeesa omugenyi ku [[:en:University_of_Durban-Westville|Yunivasite y’e Durban]] - [[:en:Westville,_KwaZulu-Natal|Westville]] mu South Africa (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka mu Gwomukaaga 1993), ku [[:en:Nehru_Memorial_Museum_&_Library|Nehru Memorial Museum & Library]] e New Delhi (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka Gwomukaaga 1995), ne mu [[:en:Princeton_University|Yunivasite y'e Princeton]] (1995–96). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vance |first=Dara |date=2015-11-20 |title=UK Committee on Social Theory Hosts Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://uknow.uky.edu/uk-happenings/uk-committee-social-theory-hosts-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=UKNow}}</ref> Mu 1996, yalondebwa okubeera omukulembeze w’entebe ya [[:en:Archibald_Campbell_Jordan|AC Jordan]] ey'ensoma y'Afirika mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y’e Cape Town]], <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 March 2011 |title=UCT in war over 'bantu education' |url=http://mg.co.za/article/2011-03-11-uct-in-war-over-bantu-education |access-date=22 March 2013}}</ref> era ku ntandikwa ya 1997 n’afuuka akulira [[:en:Centre_for_African_Studies|ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku by'ensoma y'Afirika]] (CAS). <ref name="uwn2018">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> Yavaawo oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obutakkaanya n'abasomesa (abasinga obungi abazungu) ku bbago ly'ensoma ye ey'omusomo ogw'omusingi ku Afrika oguyitibwa "Problematising Africa". <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=June 1, 1998 |title=Is African studies to be turned into a new home for Bantu education at UCT? |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/02533959808458649 |journal=Social Dynamics |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=63–75 |doi=10.1080/02533959808458649 |issn=0253-3952 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> Mamdani, eyalaga nti ensoma eriwo eya " [[:en:Bantu_Education_Act,_1953|Bantu studies]] " (mu kujjuliza ku kusomesa Abaddugavu wansi w'enfuga [[:en:Apartheid|y'obusosoze]] ) <ref name="cas2018" /> yayimirizibwa era okukkakkana ng'alekulidde. <ref name="davis2017">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> "Ensonga ya Mamdani" ekyayogerwako mu kukubaganya ebirowoozo ku [[:en:Decolonization_of_higher_education_in_South_Africa|kununula amatendekero aga waggulu okuva mu nsoma y'abamatwale]] . Oluvannyuma yagamba nti teyalina busungu ku muntu yenna, era yalina enkolagana ennungi ekiseera kye yamalayo. Yagamba nti obutakwatagana bwali ku njawulo mu ndowooza n'addala ensengeka y’ensoma ku bikwata ku kusoma South Africa ng’ensi ya Afrika. Oluvannyuma (2018) yakomezebwawo nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa asuutibwa. [ b ] <ref name="uwn2018" /> Mu 1999, Mamdani yalondebwa okuba dayirekita w’ekitongole ekikola ku by’okunoonyereza ku Afirika mu yunivasite ya Columbia, ekifo kye yalina okutuusa mu 2004. <ref name="uwn2018"/> Okuva olwo abadde asomesa eyo (nga 2025). <ref name="haag2025">{{Cite web |last=Haag |first=Matthew |last2=Goldberg |first2=Emma |date=27 June 2025 |title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |archive-date=7 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku mbeera z’abantu ekya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=18 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University]] |archive-date=2 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002055113/http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Agaba |first=John |title=Mamdani talks about his research legacy and work at Makerere |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20220329112608625 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="bio2"/> Okutuuka mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2025 [[:en:Columbia_University#Academics|pulofeesa wa Herbert Lehman mu Gavumenti]] era pulofeesa ku nkula y'abantu, okusoma saayansi w'ebyobufuzi [[:en:African_studies|n'okusoma ku Afirika]] ku [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]].<ref name="bio2" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Faculty Bio: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/anthropology/fac-bios/mamdani/faculty.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Era akola nga chancellor wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://kiu.ac.ug/news-page.php?i=press-release-kampala-international-university-kiu-appoints-prof-mahmood-mamdani-as-chancellor |access-date=24 August 2020 |publisher=[[Kampala International University]]}}</ref> == Okunoonyereza n'okuwandiika == Mamdani yeemalira mu kunoonyereza ku byobufuzi bya Afirika n'eby'ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw'amatwale]] [[:en:Postcolonialism|n'oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale]], n'ebyobufuzi by'ebyenfuna. Ebitabo bye byekenneenya enkolagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'ebyobuwangwa, okugeraageranya [[:en:Colonialism|okufugibwa kw'amatwale]] okuva mu 1452, ebyafaayo by'entalo z'omunda [[:en:Genocide|n'ekitta bantu]] mu Afirika, [[:en:Cold_War|Olutalo olw'Ensi Yonna olw'ebigambo]] [[:en:War_on_terror|n'olutalo ku butujju]], n'ebyafaayo by'eddembe ly'obuntu.<ref>vSneh, Itai Nartzizenfield (2008). [https://books.google.com/books?id=iax4AAAAMAAJ ''The Future Almost Arrived: How Jimmy Carter Failed to Change U.S. Foreign Policy''.] [[:en:Peter_Lang_(publishing_company)|Peter Lang]]. p. 169. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780820481852|9780820481852]]</bdi>.</ref> Okunoonyereza kwe okw'omwaka 2016 kwatandikira ku kitabo kye eky'omwaka 1996, [[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]. <ref>[http://polisci.columbia.edu/people/profile/96 "Mahmood Mamdani | Department of Political Science"]. ''polisci.columbia.edu''. Retrieved 21 January 2016.</ref>Mu kitabo ekyo, yagamba nti eggwanga eryafugibwa terisobola kutegeerwa nga tewekenenyeza bulungi eggwanga eryalifuga.Enkola y'obufuzi bw'amatwale mu Afirika yali eddamu okusoomoozebwa kw'ekibuuzo "ekikulu", era yagamba nti yafuuka "amawanga agaabuluziddwamu".<ref name=":0">Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. pp. 15–16. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|<bdi>9780852553992</bdi>.]]</ref>Kino kyali kikolebwa mu ngeri bbiri: ku ludda olumu nga bafuga butereevu, nga kino kyali kikolwa kya "buyinza" era nga kyali kigenderera okuggya abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo ku ddembe ly'obuntu eryali liweebwa abatuuze mu bitundu ebirala, ate ku ludda olulala nga bafuga mu ngeri etali y'abuteerevu, nga kino kyali kikolebwa mu byalo era nga kizingiramu okuyingiza "bannansi" mu "mateeka g'eggwanga" agaateekebwawo ab'obuyinza mu byalo, era nga kino yakiyita "obwannakyemalira obw'okugabanya obuyinza".<ref name=":0" /> Embeera eno yali "yakusika muguwa" era ng'erimu "engeri bbiri ez'obuyinza wansi w'obuyinza obumu".<ref name=":0" /> Oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale, ebibuga byali tebikyayawulamu bantu lwa langi naye ebyalo byali bikyafugibwa abakulembeze abaali mu nkwawa z'abafuzi b'amatwale, ka babe abakulembeze ab'ennono oba b'ebali bakwasizzaobuyinza nga balina ebiruubirirwa by'okufugisa omukono ogw'ekyuma.<ref>Clapham, Chris (1997). "Review: Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism by Mahmood Mamdani'". ''Royal Institute of International Affairs''. '''73''': 606.</ref>Mu ngeri eno obukulembeze bwonna bwaleeta enjawukana mu mawnga era n'ekutondawo obukulembeze bwabwe obw'enjawulo obwannakyemalira.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref> Mamdani yekennenya ebyafaayo mu South Africa ne Uganda okulaga nti obufuzi bw'amatwale bwakozesa obuyinza obuyitiridde era obuyinza obwo bweyongera okubaawo oluvannyuma lw'ameefuga.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. p. 37. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref>Ng’asomooza endowooza eza bulijjo ku busosoze mu South Afrika nga ez’enjawulo, agamba nti [[:en:Apartheid|obusosoze mu mawanga]] bwali ngeri ya bulijjo ey’ettwale lya Bulaaya mu Africa, nga lizingiramu ensonga [[:en:Indirect_rule|z’obufuzi obutali butereevu]] n’okukwatagana<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1 January 1996 |title=Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism |isbn=9780852553992 |pages=16–18}}</ref> Mu kitabo kye ekyafulumizibwa mu 2004 ekya ''Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: America, the Cold War, and the Roots of Terror'' Mamdani yagamba nti [[:en:Suicide_attack|abeetuze]] balina okumanyibwa "ng'ekika ky'omujaasi" era nti balina "okutegeerwa mu ngeri y'effujjo ly'ebyobufuzi ery'omulembe guno okusinga okuvumwavumwa ng'akabonero k'obukambwe". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bickerton |first=James |date=2025-07-11 |title=Zohran Mamdani's father's remark about suicide bombers comes under scrutiny |url=https://www.newsweek.com/zohran-mamdani-father-remark-about-suicide-bombers-comes-under-scrutiny-2097793 |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref> Omuyivu omu yagamba nti kino si kuwagira kwettisa bbomu wabula kwekenneenya okwanenya '"okusalawo kwa Amerika ku nkola y'ensonga z'ebweru naddala mu kiseera ky'olutalo olw'ebigambo", okutondawo embeera [[:en:Islamic_extremism|y'Obusiraamu obw'annalukalala]] [[:en:Political_violence|n'effujjo mu byobufuzi]] " mwe byakulaakulanira. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Murray |first=Conor |date=Jul 11, 2025 |title=Mahmood Mamdani's Work Does Not Advocate Violence, Expert Says |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/conormurray/2025/07/11/sequoias-maguire-unfairly-targets-zohran-mamdanis-father-fellow-academic-says/ |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko bye bifulumiddde mu ''[[:en:London_Review_of_Books|London Review of Books]]'' n'ekampuni ezifulumya ebitabo ebirala.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/contributors/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=London Review of Books |language=en-GB}}</ref> Okusinziira ku CAS, ebiwandiiko bya Mamdani "bibadde bikulu mu kusomebwa abayizi abali ku misomo gyabwe egya undergraduate ne Postgraduate ku UCT ssaako n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo ku nsoma y'ebyafaayo n'ebyobufuzi bya Afirika , nga banonyereza ku nkwatagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'obuwangwa, okugerageranya obufuzi bw'amatwale, entalo ez'omunda mu ggwanga n'ekittabantu mu Afirika".<ref name="uwn20182">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> == Emirimu gy'emirala == Okuva mu 1998 <ref name="bio22">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> oba 1999 okutuuka mu 2002, Mamdani yaweereza nga pulezidenti w'olukiiko olukulaakulanya okunoonyereza ku ssaayansi w'embeera z'abantu mu Afrika ([[:en:Council_for_the_Development_of_Social_Science_Research_in_Africa|Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa]]). <ref name="cas20182">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumineebiri 2001, yawa okwogera ku "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" mu lukungaana lwa [[:en:Nobel_Prize|Nobel Centennial Symposium]] e [[:en:Oslo|Oslo]], Norway. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 December 2001 |title=Speech by Dr. Mahmood Mamdani: "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/mediaplayer/index.php?id=1281 |access-date=24 March 2013 |publisher=Nobel Prize}}</ref> Mu Gwomwenda 2006, Mamdani yali omu ku boogezi abaayitibwa mu lukuŋŋaana lw’ekibiina kya [[:en:Ugandan_North_American_Association_(UNAA)|Uganda North American Association (UNAA)]] mu kibuga New York. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2006-09-05 |title=UNAA Convention was disorganised! |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/news/1141390/unaa-convention-disorganised |access-date=2026-02-18 |publisher=New Vision (Kampala)}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano 2011, mu kiseera ky'okwekalakaasa okwali mu kibangirizi kya Tahrir([[:en:Tahrir_Square_protests|Tahrir Square protests]]) mu kibuga [[:en:Cairo|Cairo]], Misiri, Mamdani yayitibwa okwogerako mu [[:en:American_University_of_Cairo|Yunivasite y’Amerika e Cairo]]. Ng’ayogera eri abayizi mu [[:en:University_of_KwaZulu-Natal|yunivasite y’e KwaZulu-Natal]] mu South Africa mu 2012, kino yakigeraageranya n’obwegugungo obwaliwo mu Soweto ([[:en:1976_Soweto_uprising|Soweto Uprising]]) mu 1976 . <ref name="kwazulu2012">{{Cite web |date=24 April 2012 |title=Address on Receiving an Honorary Doctorate at the University of Kwazulu Natal |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/mesaas/images/faculty/news/Mamdani%20commencement.pdf |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumi 2011, Mamdani (nga bali wamu ne Rhoda Ann Kanaaneh) y'eyali omwogezi omukulu mu lukungaana lw’eggwanga olwasooka olw’abayizi olwa [[:en:Students_for_Justice_in_Palestine|Students for Justice in Palestine]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Silver |first=Carly |date=2011-10-16 |title=Reporting live from the first-ever SJP National Conference |url=https://newvoices.org/2011/10/15/reporting-live-from-the-first-ever-sjp-national-conference/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=New Voices |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nathan-Kazis |first=Josh |date=2011-10-11 |title=Pro-Palestinian Student Activists Plan First National Conference |url=https://forward.com/news/144173/pro-palestinian-student-activists-plan-push/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=The Forward |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2017 yayitibwa okuwa omusomo ku lunaku lwa [[:en:TB_Davie_Memorial_Lecture|TB Davie Memorial]] ku ddembe ly'okusoma mu Yunivasite y'e Cape Town, era emboozi ye, eyatuumibwa "Decolonising the Post-Colonial University" yaleetawo okukubaganya ebirowoozo kungi. <ref name="uwn20183">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="davis20172">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> Okuva mu Gwekkumineebiri 2017 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2018, Mamdani yaweereza nga Rajni Kothari Chair Professor mu [[:en:Centre_for_the_Study_of_Developing_Societies|Center for the Study of Developing Societies]] mu [[:en:Delhi|Delhi,]] Buyindi. Oluvannyuma lw'ekisanja kye okuggwako, nga 4 Ogwokuna 2018 yawa omusomo gwa Rajni Kothari Chair ogutegekebwa buli mwaka, ogwatuumibwa "Okulowooza ku bwenkanya okuyita mu bumanyirivu bw'Afirika mu kyasa eky'amakumi abiri". <ref name="csds2">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] mgfzu36mns3sd41uhledk5sko9d70w1 48684 48683 2026-05-03T09:24:55Z Charles Kalanzi 9748 48684 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mahmood Mamdani''' [ a ] FBA (yazaalibwa 23 Ogwokuna 1946) munnayuganda [[:en:Anthropologist|omukugu mu by'enkula y'abantu]], munnaby'anjigiriza, era omukugu mu by'obufuzi. Ye Herbert Lehman Pulofeesa wa Gavumenti era pulofeesa w’ensonga z'ekikula ky'abantu, [[:en:Political_science|ssaayansi w’ebyobufuzi]], n’okunoonyereza [[:en:African_studies|ku nsoma y'Afirika]] mu [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]] . Era akola nga Ccansala wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda, era nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa ku Center for African Studis mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y'e Cape Town]] . Emabegako yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole kya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. Mamdani mukugu mu kusoma ebyobufuzi bya Afrika n’ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw’amatwale]] n’oluvannyuma [[:en:Postcolonialism|lw'obufuzi bw’amatwale]], n’ebyobufuzi [[:en:Knowledge_economy|by’ebyenfuna]] . Mufumbo nga mukazi we ye [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]] omuzannyi wa firimu . Ye ne Nair be bazadde ba [[:en:New_York_City_Mayor|Meeya w'ekibuga New York]] [[Zohran Mamdani]] . == Obuto bwe n’okusoma == Mahmood Mamdani yazaalibwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1946 mu [[:en:Bombay|kibuga Bombay]] (kati Mumbai), Buyindi, ng’ebula omwaka gumu [[:en:British_Raj|enfuga ya Bungereza]] ekome. <ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/education/news/mahmood-mamdani-education-and-career-path-how-zohran-mamdanis-father-built-a-legacy-of-revolution-through-ideas-and-exile/articleshow/122064130.cms "Mahmood Mamdani education and career path: How Zohran Mamdani's father built a legacy of revolution through ideas and exile"]. ''The Times of India''. 25 June 2025. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN&nbsp;]][https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-8257 0971-825]7. Retrieved 13 July 2025.</ref> <ref name="codesria">{{Cite web |title=Pr. Mahmood Mamdani (1998-2002) |url=https://codesria.org/pr-mahmood-mamdani-1998-2002/ |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> Yakulira mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=23 February 2021 |title=Mahmood Mamdani on Uganda |url=https://africasacountry.com/2011/04/mamdani-on-uganda |website=Africa is a Country}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Permanent Minorities and the Politics of Survivors: A conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://worldpeacefoundation.org/blog/permanent-minorities-and-the-politics-of-survivors-a-conversation-with-mahmood-mamdani/ |website=World Peace Foundation}}</ref> ng'omu ku [[:en:Indian_diaspora_in_Southeast_Africa|Bayindi ababundabunda mu bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba bwa Afrika]] . Bazadde be bombi, [[:en:Gujarati_Muslim|basiraamu Abagujarati]], baazaalibwa era ne bakulira mu kitundu kya Bungereza eky'amatwale ki [[:en:Tanganyika_Territory|Tanganyika]] (leero Tanzania). Abafumbo bano baagenda e Bombay olwo kitaawe n’asomerayo mu ttendekero ekkulu. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Chen |first=Kuan-Hsing |last2=Gao |first2=Shiming |last3=Tang |first3=Xiaolin |date=2016 |title=The formation of an African intellectual: an interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |journal=Inter-Asia Cultural Studies |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=456–480 |doi=10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref>Muhoozi, Mourice (6 March 2022). [https://www.watchdoguganda.com/news/20220306/131449/meet-ugandas-most-iconic-academician-prof-mahmood-mamdani.html "Meet Uganda's most Iconic academician, Prof. Mahmood Mamdani"]. ''Watchdog Uganda''</ref> Famire yaddayo e [[:en:Dar_es_Salaam|Dar es Salaam]], Tanganyika, nga Mamdani wa myaka ebiri, ne bagenda e Uganda nga wa myaka etaano oba mukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Mu kiseera ekyo, Uganda yali yayawulwamu okusinziira ku mawanga, omuli abantu gye babeera, amasomero, emizikiti, n’ebifo abaana we bazannyira. Okusoma kwe mu pulayimale, Mamdani yasooka kugenda mu [[:en:Madrasa|madarasa]], n’oluvannyuma mu Government Indian Primary School. <ref name=":8"/> Yakula ng'ayogera [[:en:Gujarati_language|Olugujarati]], [[:en:Urdu|Oluurdu]] [[:en:Swahili_language|n'Oluswayiri]] . Yatandika okusoma Olungereza mu kibiina eky’omukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Oluvannyuma lw’okusoma siniya ey’awansi, yasomera ku Old Kampala Senior Secondary School, gye yali omuwandiisi w’ekibiina kya Do-it-Yourself Physics. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uganda: Buganda And Uganda At Crossroads |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090826030635/http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |archive-date=26 August 2009 |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=AllAfrica}}</ref> Mamdani yali omu ku bayizi Bannayuganda 23 abaali mu kibiina kya [[:en:The_Kennedy_Airlift|Kennedy Airlift]] mu 1963, enteekateeka ya sikaala eyaweebwa ssente okuva mu Amerika eyaleetera ebikumi n’ebikumi by'abayizi okuva mu [[:en:East_Africa|Buvanjuba bwa Afrika]] okusomera ku yunivasite mu Amerika ne Canada wakati wa 1959 ne 1963. <ref name="indian tele">{{Cite web |last=Sen |first=Manjula |date=25 January 2009 |title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |archive-date=2 February 2009 |access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref> Mamdani yatikkirwa diguli ya Bachelor of Arts okuva mu [[:en:University_of_Pittsburgh|Yunivasite y’e Pittsburgh]] <ref name="codesria"/> mu 1967. <ref>{{Cite book |date=1 January 2010 |title=International Encyclopedia of Civil Society |url=https://link.springer.com/referencework/10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |vauthors=((Anheier, H. K.)), ((Toepler, S.)) |publisher=Springer US |isbn=978-0-387-93994-0 |editor-last=Anheier |editor-first=Helmut K. |doi=10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |editor-last2=Toepler |editor-first2=Stefan}}</ref> Yali omu ku bayizi abangi mu bukiikakkono bwa Amerika abaali mu lugendo lwa bbaasi mu bukiikaddyo okutuuka e [[:en:Montgomery,_Alabama|Montgomery, Alabama]], olwategekebwa [[:en:Student_Nonviolent_Coordinating_Committee|akakiiko akakwasaganya abayizi abatali ba ffujjo]] mu Gwokusatu 1965 okwetaba mu kaweefube w'okulwanirira [[:en:Civil_rights_movement|eddembe ly’obuntu]] . Kino kyaliwo mu kiseera ky’okutambula okuva e [[:en:Selma_to_Montgomery_marches|Selma okutuuka e Montgomery]], naye nga kyo kya njawulo. Yasibibwa mu kkomera mu kutambula kuno era n’akkirizibwa okukuba essimu. Mamdani yakubira [[:en:Embassy_of_Uganda,_Washington,_D.C.|omubaka wa Uganda]] e [[:en:Washington,_DC|Washington, DC]], amuyambe. Omubaka yamubuuza lwaki "ayingirira ensonga z'omunda mu nsi engwira", n'amuddamu nti teyali nsonga ya munda wabula olutalo lw'eddembe era nti nabo eddembe lyabwe baali bakalifuna omwaka ogwakaggwa. <ref name="pambazuka">{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=28 April 2007 |title=The Asian question again: A reflection |url=http://www.pambazuka.org/en/category/comment/41273 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]] (Uganda) |via=pambazuka.org}}</ref> Amangu ddala nga wayiseewo akaseera katono, Mamdani yategeera ku mulimu gwa [[:en:Karl_Marx|Karl Marx]] okuva mu kukyala kwe ku FBI. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Shringarpure |first=Bhakti |author-link=Bhakti Shringarpure |date=15 July 2013 |title=In Conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.warscapes.com/conversations/conversation-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=6 November 2017 |website=Warscapes |language=en |quote=I thought the guy Marx had just died. […] So that was my introduction to Karl Marx.}}</ref> Yasomera ku [[:en:Fletcher_School_of_Law_and_Diplomacy|Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy]] mu [[:en:Tufts_University|Yunivasite ya Tufts]] era mu 1968 yatikkirwa diguli ya Master of Arts mu [[:en:Political_science|byobufuzi]] ne Master of Arts mu mateeka ne diplomacy mu 1969. Yafuna diguli ye [[:en:Doctor_of_philosophy|eyookusatu]] mu gavumenti okuva mu [[:en:Harvard_University|Yunivasite y'e Harvard]] mu 1974, wansi w’obulagirizi bwa [[:en:Karl_Deutsch|Karl Deutsch]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and class formation in Uganda |url=http://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=978-0-85345-378-9 |location=New York |via=Internet Archive}}</ref> Omulamwa kw'eyatambuliza ddiguli ye eyookusatu yagiwa omutwe "''Politics and Class Formation in Uganda."'' <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and Class Formation in Uganda |url=https://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=0-85345-378-0 |location=New York |oclc=2073894 |url-access=registration}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Allen |first=Judith Van |last2=Mamdani |first2=Mahmood |last3=Shivji |first3=Issa G. |date=November 1977 |title=Reviewed Works: Politics and Class Formation in Uganda. by Mahmood Mamdani; Class Struggles in Tanzania. by Issa G. Shivji |journal=Contemporary Sociology |publisher=American Sociological Association |volume=6 |issue=6 |pages=702 |doi=10.2307/2066367 |issn=0094-3061 |eissn=1939-8638 |jstor=2066367}}</ref> == Emirimu gye == Mamdani yakomawo mu Uganda ku ntandikwa ya 1972 era naweebwa omulimu ku [[Makerere University, Uganda|yunivasite y'e Makerere]] mu Kampala [[:en:Teaching_assistant|ng'ayambako omusomesa]], mu kiseera kye kimu yali akola ku kunoonyereza kwe okwa ddiguli eyookusatu. . Ye n’Abaasia abasinga obungi [[:en:Expulsion_of_Asians_from_Uganda|baagobebwa]] mu Uganda ku nkomerero y’omwaka ogwo [[Idi Amin]] olw’amawanga gaabwe; Amin yali agenderera "kuzzaawo" bizinensi n'ebintu. Mamdani yava mu Uganda n’agenda mu nkambi y’ababundabunda mu Bungereza ku ntandikwa y'omwezi Gwekkuminoogumu. <ref name="lrb2022">{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2022-10-06 |title=The Asian Question |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v44/n19/mahmood-mamdani/the-asian-question |journal=[[London Review of Books]] |language=en |volume=44 |issue=19 |issn=0260-9592 |access-date=2025-09-08}}</ref> Yava e Bungereza mu makkati ga 1973 oluvannyuma lw’okuyingizibwa mu [[:en:University_of_Dar_es_Salaam|Yunivasite y’e Dar es Salaam]] mu Tanzania. <ref name="pambazuka"/> <ref name="cas2018">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> <ref name="bio2">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> Mu Dar es Salaam, yamaliriza okuwandiika dissertation ye. Yali mujjumbize nnyo n’ebibiina ebiwakanya Amin. Mu 1979, yeetaba mu Ttabamiruka w’e Moshi ng’omutunuulizi. Yaddayo mu Uganda oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa ku bukulembeze oluvannyuma lw'olutalo lwa [[Olutalo lwa Uganda ne Tanzania|Uganda ne Tanzania]] mu 1979. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McCormack |first=Pete |date=17 October 2005 |title=Interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.petemccormack.com/interview_mamdani_001.htm |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=petemccormack.com}}</ref> <ref name="bio2" /> Mu kiseera kino, yakozesebwa ng'omutendeke mu kibiina kya [[:en:All_Africa_Conference_of_Churches|All Africa Conference of Churches]], omukago [[:en:Ecumenical_Christian|gw'Abakristaayo ogw'ensi yonna]] ogusangibwa e [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, ng'akolera mu ofiisi [[:en:Church_of_Uganda|y'Ekkanisa ya Uganda]] mu Kampala. <ref name="lrb2022"/> Okuva mu 1980 (oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa mu ntebe mu 1979) okutuuka mu 1993 yaddamu okukolera yunivasite y’e Makerere. <ref name="bio2"/> <ref name="lrb2022"/>​[[Milton Obote|​]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kagolo |first=Francis |date=8 February 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani to be honoured among Africa's best |url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/628869-prof-mamdani-to-be-honoured-among-africa-s-best.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]]}}</ref> Yaddayo e Dar es Salaam. Oluvannyuma lwa Obote okugobwa mu ntebe omulundi ogwokubiri, Mamdani yaddamu okudda mu Uganda mu Gwomukaaga 1986. <ref name="indian tele"/> Yali dayirekita eyatandikawo ekitongole kya Centre for Basic Research (CBR), ekitongole kya Uganda ekitali kya gavumenti ekyasooka mu kunoonyereza, mwe yaweereza okuva mu 1987 okutuuka mu 1996. <ref name="diaspora">{{Cite web |date=29 November 2012 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012 |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=ugandandiaspora.com}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> <ref name="csds">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Yaliko pulofeesa omugenyi ku [[:en:University_of_Durban-Westville|Yunivasite y’e Durban]] - [[:en:Westville,_KwaZulu-Natal|Westville]] mu South Africa (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka mu Gwomukaaga 1993), ku [[:en:Nehru_Memorial_Museum_&_Library|Nehru Memorial Museum & Library]] e New Delhi (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka Gwomukaaga 1995), ne mu [[:en:Princeton_University|Yunivasite y'e Princeton]] (1995–96). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vance |first=Dara |date=2015-11-20 |title=UK Committee on Social Theory Hosts Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://uknow.uky.edu/uk-happenings/uk-committee-social-theory-hosts-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=UKNow}}</ref> Mu 1996, yalondebwa okubeera omukulembeze w’entebe ya [[:en:Archibald_Campbell_Jordan|AC Jordan]] ey'ensoma y'Afirika mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y’e Cape Town]], <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 March 2011 |title=UCT in war over 'bantu education' |url=http://mg.co.za/article/2011-03-11-uct-in-war-over-bantu-education |access-date=22 March 2013}}</ref> era ku ntandikwa ya 1997 n’afuuka akulira [[:en:Centre_for_African_Studies|ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku by'ensoma y'Afirika]] (CAS). <ref name="uwn2018">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> Yavaawo oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obutakkaanya n'abasomesa (abasinga obungi abazungu) ku bbago ly'ensoma ye ey'omusomo ogw'omusingi ku Afrika oguyitibwa "Problematising Africa". <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=June 1, 1998 |title=Is African studies to be turned into a new home for Bantu education at UCT? |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/02533959808458649 |journal=Social Dynamics |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=63–75 |doi=10.1080/02533959808458649 |issn=0253-3952 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> Mamdani, eyalaga nti ensoma eriwo eya " [[:en:Bantu_Education_Act,_1953|Bantu studies]] " (mu kujjuliza ku kusomesa Abaddugavu wansi w'enfuga [[:en:Apartheid|y'obusosoze]] ) <ref name="cas2018" /> yayimirizibwa era okukkakkana ng'alekulidde. <ref name="davis2017">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> "Ensonga ya Mamdani" ekyayogerwako mu kukubaganya ebirowoozo ku [[:en:Decolonization_of_higher_education_in_South_Africa|kununula amatendekero aga waggulu okuva mu nsoma y'abamatwale]] . Oluvannyuma yagamba nti teyalina busungu ku muntu yenna, era yalina enkolagana ennungi ekiseera kye yamalayo. Yagamba nti obutakwatagana bwali ku njawulo mu ndowooza n'addala ensengeka y’ensoma ku bikwata ku kusoma South Africa ng’ensi ya Afrika. Oluvannyuma (2018) yakomezebwawo nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa asuutibwa. [ b ] <ref name="uwn2018" /> Mu 1999, Mamdani yalondebwa okuba dayirekita w’ekitongole ekikola ku by’okunoonyereza ku Afirika mu yunivasite ya Columbia, ekifo kye yalina okutuusa mu 2004. <ref name="uwn2018"/> Okuva olwo abadde asomesa eyo (nga 2025). <ref name="haag2025">{{Cite web |last=Haag |first=Matthew |last2=Goldberg |first2=Emma |date=27 June 2025 |title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |archive-date=7 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku mbeera z’abantu ekya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=18 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University]] |archive-date=2 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002055113/http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Agaba |first=John |title=Mamdani talks about his research legacy and work at Makerere |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20220329112608625 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="bio2"/> Okutuuka mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2025 [[:en:Columbia_University#Academics|pulofeesa wa Herbert Lehman mu Gavumenti]] era pulofeesa ku nkula y'abantu, okusoma saayansi w'ebyobufuzi [[:en:African_studies|n'okusoma ku Afirika]] ku [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]].<ref name="bio2" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Faculty Bio: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/anthropology/fac-bios/mamdani/faculty.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Era akola nga chancellor wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://kiu.ac.ug/news-page.php?i=press-release-kampala-international-university-kiu-appoints-prof-mahmood-mamdani-as-chancellor |access-date=24 August 2020 |publisher=[[Kampala International University]]}}</ref> == Okunoonyereza n'okuwandiika == Mamdani yeemalira mu kunoonyereza ku byobufuzi bya Afirika n'eby'ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw'amatwale]] [[:en:Postcolonialism|n'oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale]], n'ebyobufuzi by'ebyenfuna. Ebitabo bye byekenneenya enkolagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'ebyobuwangwa, okugeraageranya [[:en:Colonialism|okufugibwa kw'amatwale]] okuva mu 1452, ebyafaayo by'entalo z'omunda [[:en:Genocide|n'ekitta bantu]] mu Afirika, [[:en:Cold_War|Olutalo olw'Ensi Yonna olw'ebigambo]] [[:en:War_on_terror|n'olutalo ku butujju]], n'ebyafaayo by'eddembe ly'obuntu.<ref>vSneh, Itai Nartzizenfield (2008). [https://books.google.com/books?id=iax4AAAAMAAJ ''The Future Almost Arrived: How Jimmy Carter Failed to Change U.S. Foreign Policy''.] [[:en:Peter_Lang_(publishing_company)|Peter Lang]]. p. 169. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780820481852|9780820481852]]</bdi>.</ref> Okunoonyereza kwe okw'omwaka 2016 kwatandikira ku kitabo kye eky'omwaka 1996, [[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]. <ref>[http://polisci.columbia.edu/people/profile/96 "Mahmood Mamdani | Department of Political Science"]. ''polisci.columbia.edu''. Retrieved 21 January 2016.</ref>Mu kitabo ekyo, yagamba nti eggwanga eryafugibwa terisobola kutegeerwa nga tewekenenyeza bulungi eggwanga eryalifuga.Enkola y'obufuzi bw'amatwale mu Afirika yali eddamu okusoomoozebwa kw'ekibuuzo "ekikulu", era yagamba nti yafuuka "amawanga agaabuluziddwamu".<ref name=":0">Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. pp. 15–16. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|<bdi>9780852553992</bdi>.]]</ref>Kino kyali kikolebwa mu ngeri bbiri: ku ludda olumu nga bafuga butereevu, nga kino kyali kikolwa kya "buyinza" era nga kyali kigenderera okuggya abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo ku ddembe ly'obuntu eryali liweebwa abatuuze mu bitundu ebirala, ate ku ludda olulala nga bafuga mu ngeri etali y'abuteerevu, nga kino kyali kikolebwa mu byalo era nga kizingiramu okuyingiza "bannansi" mu "mateeka g'eggwanga" agaateekebwawo ab'obuyinza mu byalo, era nga kino yakiyita "obwannakyemalira obw'okugabanya obuyinza".<ref name=":0" /> Embeera eno yali "yakusika muguwa" era ng'erimu "engeri bbiri ez'obuyinza wansi w'obuyinza obumu".<ref name=":0" /> Oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale, ebibuga byali tebikyayawulamu bantu lwa langi naye ebyalo byali bikyafugibwa abakulembeze abaali mu nkwawa z'abafuzi b'amatwale, ka babe abakulembeze ab'ennono oba b'ebali bakwasizzaobuyinza nga balina ebiruubirirwa by'okufugisa omukono ogw'ekyuma.<ref>Clapham, Chris (1997). "Review: Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism by Mahmood Mamdani'". ''Royal Institute of International Affairs''. '''73''': 606.</ref>Mu ngeri eno obukulembeze bwonna bwaleeta enjawukana mu mawnga era n'ekutondawo obukulembeze bwabwe obw'enjawulo obwannakyemalira.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref> Mamdani yekennenya ebyafaayo mu South Africa ne Uganda okulaga nti obufuzi bw'amatwale bwakozesa obuyinza obuyitiridde era obuyinza obwo bweyongera okubaawo oluvannyuma lw'ameefuga.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. p. 37. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref>Ng’asomooza endowooza eza bulijjo ku busosoze mu South Afrika nga ez’enjawulo, agamba nti [[:en:Apartheid|obusosoze mu mawanga]] bwali ngeri ya bulijjo ey’ettwale lya Bulaaya mu Africa, nga lizingiramu ensonga [[:en:Indirect_rule|z’obufuzi obutali butereevu]] n’okukwatagana<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1 January 1996 |title=Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism |isbn=9780852553992 |pages=16–18}}</ref> Mu kitabo kye ekyafulumizibwa mu 2004 ekya ''Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: America, the Cold War, and the Roots of Terror'' Mamdani yagamba nti [[:en:Suicide_attack|abeetuze]] balina okumanyibwa "ng'ekika ky'omujaasi" era nti balina "okutegeerwa mu ngeri y'effujjo ly'ebyobufuzi ery'omulembe guno okusinga okuvumwavumwa ng'akabonero k'obukambwe". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bickerton |first=James |date=2025-07-11 |title=Zohran Mamdani's father's remark about suicide bombers comes under scrutiny |url=https://www.newsweek.com/zohran-mamdani-father-remark-about-suicide-bombers-comes-under-scrutiny-2097793 |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref> Omuyivu omu yagamba nti kino si kuwagira kwettisa bbomu wabula kwekenneenya okwanenya '"okusalawo kwa Amerika ku nkola y'ensonga z'ebweru naddala mu kiseera ky'olutalo olw'ebigambo", okutondawo embeera [[:en:Islamic_extremism|y'Obusiraamu obw'annalukalala]] [[:en:Political_violence|n'effujjo mu byobufuzi]] " mwe byakulaakulanira. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Murray |first=Conor |date=Jul 11, 2025 |title=Mahmood Mamdani's Work Does Not Advocate Violence, Expert Says |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/conormurray/2025/07/11/sequoias-maguire-unfairly-targets-zohran-mamdanis-father-fellow-academic-says/ |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko bye bifulumiddde mu ''[[:en:London_Review_of_Books|London Review of Books]]'' n'ekampuni ezifulumya ebitabo ebirala.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/contributors/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=London Review of Books |language=en-GB}}</ref> Okusinziira ku CAS, ebiwandiiko bya Mamdani "bibadde bikulu mu kusomebwa abayizi abali ku misomo gyabwe egya undergraduate ne Postgraduate ku UCT ssaako n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo ku nsoma y'ebyafaayo n'ebyobufuzi bya Afirika , nga banonyereza ku nkwatagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'obuwangwa, okugerageranya obufuzi bw'amatwale, entalo ez'omunda mu ggwanga n'ekittabantu mu Afirika".<ref name="uwn20182">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> == Emirimu gy'emirala == Okuva mu 1998 <ref name="bio22">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> oba 1999 okutuuka mu 2002, Mamdani yaweereza nga pulezidenti w'olukiiko olukulaakulanya okunoonyereza ku ssaayansi w'embeera z'abantu mu Afrika ([[:en:Council_for_the_Development_of_Social_Science_Research_in_Africa|Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa]]). <ref name="cas20182">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumineebiri 2001, yawa okwogera ku "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" mu lukungaana lwa [[:en:Nobel_Prize|Nobel Centennial Symposium]] e [[:en:Oslo|Oslo]], Norway. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 December 2001 |title=Speech by Dr. Mahmood Mamdani: "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/mediaplayer/index.php?id=1281 |access-date=24 March 2013 |publisher=Nobel Prize}}</ref> Mu Gwomwenda 2006, Mamdani yali omu ku boogezi abaayitibwa mu lukuŋŋaana lw’ekibiina kya [[:en:Ugandan_North_American_Association_(UNAA)|Uganda North American Association (UNAA)]] mu kibuga New York. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2006-09-05 |title=UNAA Convention was disorganised! |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/news/1141390/unaa-convention-disorganised |access-date=2026-02-18 |publisher=New Vision (Kampala)}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano 2011, mu kiseera ky'okwekalakaasa okwali mu kibangirizi kya Tahrir([[:en:Tahrir_Square_protests|Tahrir Square protests]]) mu kibuga [[:en:Cairo|Cairo]], Misiri, Mamdani yayitibwa okwogerako mu [[:en:American_University_of_Cairo|Yunivasite y’Amerika e Cairo]]. Ng’ayogera eri abayizi mu [[:en:University_of_KwaZulu-Natal|yunivasite y’e KwaZulu-Natal]] mu South Africa mu 2012, kino yakigeraageranya n’obwegugungo obwaliwo mu Soweto ([[:en:1976_Soweto_uprising|Soweto Uprising]]) mu 1976 . <ref name="kwazulu2012">{{Cite web |date=24 April 2012 |title=Address on Receiving an Honorary Doctorate at the University of Kwazulu Natal |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/mesaas/images/faculty/news/Mamdani%20commencement.pdf |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumi 2011, Mamdani (nga bali wamu ne Rhoda Ann Kanaaneh) y'eyali omwogezi omukulu mu lukungaana lw’eggwanga olwasooka olw’abayizi olwa [[:en:Students_for_Justice_in_Palestine|Students for Justice in Palestine]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Silver |first=Carly |date=2011-10-16 |title=Reporting live from the first-ever SJP National Conference |url=https://newvoices.org/2011/10/15/reporting-live-from-the-first-ever-sjp-national-conference/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=New Voices |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nathan-Kazis |first=Josh |date=2011-10-11 |title=Pro-Palestinian Student Activists Plan First National Conference |url=https://forward.com/news/144173/pro-palestinian-student-activists-plan-push/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=The Forward |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2017 yayitibwa okuwa omusomo ku lunaku lwa [[:en:TB_Davie_Memorial_Lecture|TB Davie Memorial]] ku ddembe ly'okusoma mu Yunivasite y'e Cape Town, era emboozi ye, eyatuumibwa "Decolonising the Post-Colonial University" yaleetawo okukubaganya ebirowoozo kungi. <ref name="uwn20183">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="davis20172">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> Okuva mu Gwekkumineebiri 2017 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2018, Mamdani yaweereza nga Rajni Kothari Chair Professor mu [[:en:Centre_for_the_Study_of_Developing_Societies|Center for the Study of Developing Societies]] mu [[:en:Delhi|Delhi,]] Buyindi. Oluvannyuma lw'ekisanja kye okuggwako, nga 4 Ogwokuna 2018 yawa omusomo gwa Rajni Kothari Chair ogutegekebwa buli mwaka, ogwatuumibwa "Okulowooza ku bwenkanya okuyita mu bumanyirivu bw'Afirika mu kyasa eky'amakumi abiri". <ref name="csds2">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Alabiseeko ng’omukugu mu firimu z’ebyafaayo nga ''Rwanda: The Untold Story'' (2014, BBC ), ''The Dictator’s Playbook'' (2018, PBS ) ne ''How to Become a Tyrant'' (2021, Netflix ). == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] e9lzya3r1fg4r2tvdaw4h2m6bgq70vr 48685 48684 2026-05-03T09:28:16Z Charles Kalanzi 9748 48685 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mahmood Mamdani''' [ a ] FBA (yazaalibwa 23 Ogwokuna 1946) munnayuganda [[:en:Anthropologist|omukugu mu by'enkula y'abantu]], munnaby'anjigiriza, era omukugu mu by'obufuzi. Ye Herbert Lehman Pulofeesa wa Gavumenti era pulofeesa w’ensonga z'ekikula ky'abantu, [[:en:Political_science|ssaayansi w’ebyobufuzi]], n’okunoonyereza [[:en:African_studies|ku nsoma y'Afirika]] mu [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]] . Era akola nga Ccansala wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda, era nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa ku Center for African Studis mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y'e Cape Town]] . Emabegako yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole kya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. Mamdani mukugu mu kusoma ebyobufuzi bya Afrika n’ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw’amatwale]] n’oluvannyuma [[:en:Postcolonialism|lw'obufuzi bw’amatwale]], n’ebyobufuzi [[:en:Knowledge_economy|by’ebyenfuna]] . Mufumbo nga mukazi we ye [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]] omuzannyi wa firimu . Ye ne Nair be bazadde ba [[:en:New_York_City_Mayor|Meeya w'ekibuga New York]] [[Zohran Mamdani]] . == Obuto bwe n’okusoma == Mahmood Mamdani yazaalibwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1946 mu [[:en:Bombay|kibuga Bombay]] (kati Mumbai), Buyindi, ng’ebula omwaka gumu [[:en:British_Raj|enfuga ya Bungereza]] ekome. <ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/education/news/mahmood-mamdani-education-and-career-path-how-zohran-mamdanis-father-built-a-legacy-of-revolution-through-ideas-and-exile/articleshow/122064130.cms "Mahmood Mamdani education and career path: How Zohran Mamdani's father built a legacy of revolution through ideas and exile"]. ''The Times of India''. 25 June 2025. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN&nbsp;]][https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-8257 0971-825]7. Retrieved 13 July 2025.</ref> <ref name="codesria">{{Cite web |title=Pr. Mahmood Mamdani (1998-2002) |url=https://codesria.org/pr-mahmood-mamdani-1998-2002/ |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> Yakulira mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=23 February 2021 |title=Mahmood Mamdani on Uganda |url=https://africasacountry.com/2011/04/mamdani-on-uganda |website=Africa is a Country}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Permanent Minorities and the Politics of Survivors: A conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://worldpeacefoundation.org/blog/permanent-minorities-and-the-politics-of-survivors-a-conversation-with-mahmood-mamdani/ |website=World Peace Foundation}}</ref> ng'omu ku [[:en:Indian_diaspora_in_Southeast_Africa|Bayindi ababundabunda mu bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba bwa Afrika]] . Bazadde be bombi, [[:en:Gujarati_Muslim|basiraamu Abagujarati]], baazaalibwa era ne bakulira mu kitundu kya Bungereza eky'amatwale ki [[:en:Tanganyika_Territory|Tanganyika]] (leero Tanzania). Abafumbo bano baagenda e Bombay olwo kitaawe n’asomerayo mu ttendekero ekkulu. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Chen |first=Kuan-Hsing |last2=Gao |first2=Shiming |last3=Tang |first3=Xiaolin |date=2016 |title=The formation of an African intellectual: an interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |journal=Inter-Asia Cultural Studies |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=456–480 |doi=10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref>Muhoozi, Mourice (6 March 2022). [https://www.watchdoguganda.com/news/20220306/131449/meet-ugandas-most-iconic-academician-prof-mahmood-mamdani.html "Meet Uganda's most Iconic academician, Prof. Mahmood Mamdani"]. ''Watchdog Uganda''</ref> Famire yaddayo e [[:en:Dar_es_Salaam|Dar es Salaam]], Tanganyika, nga Mamdani wa myaka ebiri, ne bagenda e Uganda nga wa myaka etaano oba mukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Mu kiseera ekyo, Uganda yali yayawulwamu okusinziira ku mawanga, omuli abantu gye babeera, amasomero, emizikiti, n’ebifo abaana we bazannyira. Okusoma kwe mu pulayimale, Mamdani yasooka kugenda mu [[:en:Madrasa|madarasa]], n’oluvannyuma mu Government Indian Primary School. <ref name=":8"/> Yakula ng'ayogera [[:en:Gujarati_language|Olugujarati]], [[:en:Urdu|Oluurdu]] [[:en:Swahili_language|n'Oluswayiri]] . Yatandika okusoma Olungereza mu kibiina eky’omukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Oluvannyuma lw’okusoma siniya ey’awansi, yasomera ku Old Kampala Senior Secondary School, gye yali omuwandiisi w’ekibiina kya Do-it-Yourself Physics. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uganda: Buganda And Uganda At Crossroads |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090826030635/http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |archive-date=26 August 2009 |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=AllAfrica}}</ref> Mamdani yali omu ku bayizi Bannayuganda 23 abaali mu kibiina kya [[:en:The_Kennedy_Airlift|Kennedy Airlift]] mu 1963, enteekateeka ya sikaala eyaweebwa ssente okuva mu Amerika eyaleetera ebikumi n’ebikumi by'abayizi okuva mu [[:en:East_Africa|Buvanjuba bwa Afrika]] okusomera ku yunivasite mu Amerika ne Canada wakati wa 1959 ne 1963. <ref name="indian tele">{{Cite web |last=Sen |first=Manjula |date=25 January 2009 |title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |archive-date=2 February 2009 |access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref> Mamdani yatikkirwa diguli ya Bachelor of Arts okuva mu [[:en:University_of_Pittsburgh|Yunivasite y’e Pittsburgh]] <ref name="codesria"/> mu 1967. <ref>{{Cite book |date=1 January 2010 |title=International Encyclopedia of Civil Society |url=https://link.springer.com/referencework/10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |vauthors=((Anheier, H. K.)), ((Toepler, S.)) |publisher=Springer US |isbn=978-0-387-93994-0 |editor-last=Anheier |editor-first=Helmut K. |doi=10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |editor-last2=Toepler |editor-first2=Stefan}}</ref> Yali omu ku bayizi abangi mu bukiikakkono bwa Amerika abaali mu lugendo lwa bbaasi mu bukiikaddyo okutuuka e [[:en:Montgomery,_Alabama|Montgomery, Alabama]], olwategekebwa [[:en:Student_Nonviolent_Coordinating_Committee|akakiiko akakwasaganya abayizi abatali ba ffujjo]] mu Gwokusatu 1965 okwetaba mu kaweefube w'okulwanirira [[:en:Civil_rights_movement|eddembe ly’obuntu]] . Kino kyaliwo mu kiseera ky’okutambula okuva e [[:en:Selma_to_Montgomery_marches|Selma okutuuka e Montgomery]], naye nga kyo kya njawulo. Yasibibwa mu kkomera mu kutambula kuno era n’akkirizibwa okukuba essimu. Mamdani yakubira [[:en:Embassy_of_Uganda,_Washington,_D.C.|omubaka wa Uganda]] e [[:en:Washington,_DC|Washington, DC]], amuyambe. Omubaka yamubuuza lwaki "ayingirira ensonga z'omunda mu nsi engwira", n'amuddamu nti teyali nsonga ya munda wabula olutalo lw'eddembe era nti nabo eddembe lyabwe baali bakalifuna omwaka ogwakaggwa. <ref name="pambazuka">{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=28 April 2007 |title=The Asian question again: A reflection |url=http://www.pambazuka.org/en/category/comment/41273 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]] (Uganda) |via=pambazuka.org}}</ref> Amangu ddala nga wayiseewo akaseera katono, Mamdani yategeera ku mulimu gwa [[:en:Karl_Marx|Karl Marx]] okuva mu kukyala kwe ku FBI. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Shringarpure |first=Bhakti |author-link=Bhakti Shringarpure |date=15 July 2013 |title=In Conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.warscapes.com/conversations/conversation-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=6 November 2017 |website=Warscapes |language=en |quote=I thought the guy Marx had just died. […] So that was my introduction to Karl Marx.}}</ref> Yasomera ku [[:en:Fletcher_School_of_Law_and_Diplomacy|Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy]] mu [[:en:Tufts_University|Yunivasite ya Tufts]] era mu 1968 yatikkirwa diguli ya Master of Arts mu [[:en:Political_science|byobufuzi]] ne Master of Arts mu mateeka ne diplomacy mu 1969. Yafuna diguli ye [[:en:Doctor_of_philosophy|eyookusatu]] mu gavumenti okuva mu [[:en:Harvard_University|Yunivasite y'e Harvard]] mu 1974, wansi w’obulagirizi bwa [[:en:Karl_Deutsch|Karl Deutsch]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and class formation in Uganda |url=http://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=978-0-85345-378-9 |location=New York |via=Internet Archive}}</ref> Omulamwa kw'eyatambuliza ddiguli ye eyookusatu yagiwa omutwe "''Politics and Class Formation in Uganda."'' <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and Class Formation in Uganda |url=https://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=0-85345-378-0 |location=New York |oclc=2073894 |url-access=registration}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Allen |first=Judith Van |last2=Mamdani |first2=Mahmood |last3=Shivji |first3=Issa G. |date=November 1977 |title=Reviewed Works: Politics and Class Formation in Uganda. by Mahmood Mamdani; Class Struggles in Tanzania. by Issa G. Shivji |journal=Contemporary Sociology |publisher=American Sociological Association |volume=6 |issue=6 |pages=702 |doi=10.2307/2066367 |issn=0094-3061 |eissn=1939-8638 |jstor=2066367}}</ref> == Emirimu gye == Mamdani yakomawo mu Uganda ku ntandikwa ya 1972 era naweebwa omulimu ku [[Makerere University, Uganda|yunivasite y'e Makerere]] mu Kampala [[:en:Teaching_assistant|ng'ayambako omusomesa]], mu kiseera kye kimu yali akola ku kunoonyereza kwe okwa ddiguli eyookusatu. . Ye n’Abaasia abasinga obungi [[:en:Expulsion_of_Asians_from_Uganda|baagobebwa]] mu Uganda ku nkomerero y’omwaka ogwo [[Idi Amin]] olw’amawanga gaabwe; Amin yali agenderera "kuzzaawo" bizinensi n'ebintu. Mamdani yava mu Uganda n’agenda mu nkambi y’ababundabunda mu Bungereza ku ntandikwa y'omwezi Gwekkuminoogumu. <ref name="lrb2022">{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2022-10-06 |title=The Asian Question |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v44/n19/mahmood-mamdani/the-asian-question |journal=[[London Review of Books]] |language=en |volume=44 |issue=19 |issn=0260-9592 |access-date=2025-09-08}}</ref> Yava e Bungereza mu makkati ga 1973 oluvannyuma lw’okuyingizibwa mu [[:en:University_of_Dar_es_Salaam|Yunivasite y’e Dar es Salaam]] mu Tanzania. <ref name="pambazuka"/> <ref name="cas2018">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> <ref name="bio2">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> Mu Dar es Salaam, yamaliriza okuwandiika dissertation ye. Yali mujjumbize nnyo n’ebibiina ebiwakanya Amin. Mu 1979, yeetaba mu Ttabamiruka w’e Moshi ng’omutunuulizi. Yaddayo mu Uganda oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa ku bukulembeze oluvannyuma lw'olutalo lwa [[Olutalo lwa Uganda ne Tanzania|Uganda ne Tanzania]] mu 1979. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McCormack |first=Pete |date=17 October 2005 |title=Interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.petemccormack.com/interview_mamdani_001.htm |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=petemccormack.com}}</ref> <ref name="bio2" /> Mu kiseera kino, yakozesebwa ng'omutendeke mu kibiina kya [[:en:All_Africa_Conference_of_Churches|All Africa Conference of Churches]], omukago [[:en:Ecumenical_Christian|gw'Abakristaayo ogw'ensi yonna]] ogusangibwa e [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, ng'akolera mu ofiisi [[:en:Church_of_Uganda|y'Ekkanisa ya Uganda]] mu Kampala. <ref name="lrb2022"/> Okuva mu 1980 (oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa mu ntebe mu 1979) okutuuka mu 1993 yaddamu okukolera yunivasite y’e Makerere. <ref name="bio2"/> <ref name="lrb2022"/>​[[Milton Obote|​]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kagolo |first=Francis |date=8 February 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani to be honoured among Africa's best |url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/628869-prof-mamdani-to-be-honoured-among-africa-s-best.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]]}}</ref> Yaddayo e Dar es Salaam. Oluvannyuma lwa Obote okugobwa mu ntebe omulundi ogwokubiri, Mamdani yaddamu okudda mu Uganda mu Gwomukaaga 1986. <ref name="indian tele"/> Yali dayirekita eyatandikawo ekitongole kya Centre for Basic Research (CBR), ekitongole kya Uganda ekitali kya gavumenti ekyasooka mu kunoonyereza, mwe yaweereza okuva mu 1987 okutuuka mu 1996. <ref name="diaspora">{{Cite web |date=29 November 2012 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012 |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=ugandandiaspora.com}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> <ref name="csds">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Yaliko pulofeesa omugenyi ku [[:en:University_of_Durban-Westville|Yunivasite y’e Durban]] - [[:en:Westville,_KwaZulu-Natal|Westville]] mu South Africa (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka mu Gwomukaaga 1993), ku [[:en:Nehru_Memorial_Museum_&_Library|Nehru Memorial Museum & Library]] e New Delhi (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka Gwomukaaga 1995), ne mu [[:en:Princeton_University|Yunivasite y'e Princeton]] (1995–96). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vance |first=Dara |date=2015-11-20 |title=UK Committee on Social Theory Hosts Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://uknow.uky.edu/uk-happenings/uk-committee-social-theory-hosts-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=UKNow}}</ref> Mu 1996, yalondebwa okubeera omukulembeze w’entebe ya [[:en:Archibald_Campbell_Jordan|AC Jordan]] ey'ensoma y'Afirika mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y’e Cape Town]], <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 March 2011 |title=UCT in war over 'bantu education' |url=http://mg.co.za/article/2011-03-11-uct-in-war-over-bantu-education |access-date=22 March 2013}}</ref> era ku ntandikwa ya 1997 n’afuuka akulira [[:en:Centre_for_African_Studies|ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku by'ensoma y'Afirika]] (CAS). <ref name="uwn2018">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> Yavaawo oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obutakkaanya n'abasomesa (abasinga obungi abazungu) ku bbago ly'ensoma ye ey'omusomo ogw'omusingi ku Afrika oguyitibwa "Problematising Africa". <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=June 1, 1998 |title=Is African studies to be turned into a new home for Bantu education at UCT? |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/02533959808458649 |journal=Social Dynamics |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=63–75 |doi=10.1080/02533959808458649 |issn=0253-3952 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> Mamdani, eyalaga nti ensoma eriwo eya " [[:en:Bantu_Education_Act,_1953|Bantu studies]] " (mu kujjuliza ku kusomesa Abaddugavu wansi w'enfuga [[:en:Apartheid|y'obusosoze]] ) <ref name="cas2018" /> yayimirizibwa era okukkakkana ng'alekulidde. <ref name="davis2017">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> "Ensonga ya Mamdani" ekyayogerwako mu kukubaganya ebirowoozo ku [[:en:Decolonization_of_higher_education_in_South_Africa|kununula amatendekero aga waggulu okuva mu nsoma y'abamatwale]] . Oluvannyuma yagamba nti teyalina busungu ku muntu yenna, era yalina enkolagana ennungi ekiseera kye yamalayo. Yagamba nti obutakwatagana bwali ku njawulo mu ndowooza n'addala ensengeka y’ensoma ku bikwata ku kusoma South Africa ng’ensi ya Afrika. Oluvannyuma (2018) yakomezebwawo nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa asuutibwa. [ b ] <ref name="uwn2018" /> Mu 1999, Mamdani yalondebwa okuba dayirekita w’ekitongole ekikola ku by’okunoonyereza ku Afirika mu yunivasite ya Columbia, ekifo kye yalina okutuusa mu 2004. <ref name="uwn2018"/> Okuva olwo abadde asomesa eyo (nga 2025). <ref name="haag2025">{{Cite web |last=Haag |first=Matthew |last2=Goldberg |first2=Emma |date=27 June 2025 |title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |archive-date=7 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku mbeera z’abantu ekya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=18 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University]] |archive-date=2 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002055113/http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Agaba |first=John |title=Mamdani talks about his research legacy and work at Makerere |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20220329112608625 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="bio2"/> Okutuuka mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2025 [[:en:Columbia_University#Academics|pulofeesa wa Herbert Lehman mu Gavumenti]] era pulofeesa ku nkula y'abantu, okusoma saayansi w'ebyobufuzi [[:en:African_studies|n'okusoma ku Afirika]] ku [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]].<ref name="bio2" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Faculty Bio: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/anthropology/fac-bios/mamdani/faculty.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Era akola nga chancellor wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://kiu.ac.ug/news-page.php?i=press-release-kampala-international-university-kiu-appoints-prof-mahmood-mamdani-as-chancellor |access-date=24 August 2020 |publisher=[[Kampala International University]]}}</ref> == Okunoonyereza n'okuwandiika == Mamdani yeemalira mu kunoonyereza ku byobufuzi bya Afirika n'eby'ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw'amatwale]] [[:en:Postcolonialism|n'oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale]], n'ebyobufuzi by'ebyenfuna. Ebitabo bye byekenneenya enkolagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'ebyobuwangwa, okugeraageranya [[:en:Colonialism|okufugibwa kw'amatwale]] okuva mu 1452, ebyafaayo by'entalo z'omunda [[:en:Genocide|n'ekitta bantu]] mu Afirika, [[:en:Cold_War|Olutalo olw'Ensi Yonna olw'ebigambo]] [[:en:War_on_terror|n'olutalo ku butujju]], n'ebyafaayo by'eddembe ly'obuntu.<ref>vSneh, Itai Nartzizenfield (2008). [https://books.google.com/books?id=iax4AAAAMAAJ ''The Future Almost Arrived: How Jimmy Carter Failed to Change U.S. Foreign Policy''.] [[:en:Peter_Lang_(publishing_company)|Peter Lang]]. p. 169. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780820481852|9780820481852]]</bdi>.</ref> Okunoonyereza kwe okw'omwaka 2016 kwatandikira ku kitabo kye eky'omwaka 1996, [[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]. <ref>[http://polisci.columbia.edu/people/profile/96 "Mahmood Mamdani | Department of Political Science"]. ''polisci.columbia.edu''. Retrieved 21 January 2016.</ref>Mu kitabo ekyo, yagamba nti eggwanga eryafugibwa terisobola kutegeerwa nga tewekenenyeza bulungi eggwanga eryalifuga.Enkola y'obufuzi bw'amatwale mu Afirika yali eddamu okusoomoozebwa kw'ekibuuzo "ekikulu", era yagamba nti yafuuka "amawanga agaabuluziddwamu".<ref name=":0">Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. pp. 15–16. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|<bdi>9780852553992</bdi>.]]</ref>Kino kyali kikolebwa mu ngeri bbiri: ku ludda olumu nga bafuga butereevu, nga kino kyali kikolwa kya "buyinza" era nga kyali kigenderera okuggya abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo ku ddembe ly'obuntu eryali liweebwa abatuuze mu bitundu ebirala, ate ku ludda olulala nga bafuga mu ngeri etali y'abuteerevu, nga kino kyali kikolebwa mu byalo era nga kizingiramu okuyingiza "bannansi" mu "mateeka g'eggwanga" agaateekebwawo ab'obuyinza mu byalo, era nga kino yakiyita "obwannakyemalira obw'okugabanya obuyinza".<ref name=":0" /> Embeera eno yali "yakusika muguwa" era ng'erimu "engeri bbiri ez'obuyinza wansi w'obuyinza obumu".<ref name=":0" /> Oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale, ebibuga byali tebikyayawulamu bantu lwa langi naye ebyalo byali bikyafugibwa abakulembeze abaali mu nkwawa z'abafuzi b'amatwale, ka babe abakulembeze ab'ennono oba b'ebali bakwasizzaobuyinza nga balina ebiruubirirwa by'okufugisa omukono ogw'ekyuma.<ref>Clapham, Chris (1997). "Review: Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism by Mahmood Mamdani'". ''Royal Institute of International Affairs''. '''73''': 606.</ref>Mu ngeri eno obukulembeze bwonna bwaleeta enjawukana mu mawnga era n'ekutondawo obukulembeze bwabwe obw'enjawulo obwannakyemalira.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref> Mamdani yekennenya ebyafaayo mu South Africa ne Uganda okulaga nti obufuzi bw'amatwale bwakozesa obuyinza obuyitiridde era obuyinza obwo bweyongera okubaawo oluvannyuma lw'ameefuga.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. p. 37. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref>Ng’asomooza endowooza eza bulijjo ku busosoze mu South Afrika nga ez’enjawulo, agamba nti [[:en:Apartheid|obusosoze mu mawanga]] bwali ngeri ya bulijjo ey’ettwale lya Bulaaya mu Africa, nga lizingiramu ensonga [[:en:Indirect_rule|z’obufuzi obutali butereevu]] n’okukwatagana<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1 January 1996 |title=Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism |isbn=9780852553992 |pages=16–18}}</ref> Mu kitabo kye ekyafulumizibwa mu 2004 ekya ''Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: America, the Cold War, and the Roots of Terror'' Mamdani yagamba nti [[:en:Suicide_attack|abeetuze]] balina okumanyibwa "ng'ekika ky'omujaasi" era nti balina "okutegeerwa mu ngeri y'effujjo ly'ebyobufuzi ery'omulembe guno okusinga okuvumwavumwa ng'akabonero k'obukambwe". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bickerton |first=James |date=2025-07-11 |title=Zohran Mamdani's father's remark about suicide bombers comes under scrutiny |url=https://www.newsweek.com/zohran-mamdani-father-remark-about-suicide-bombers-comes-under-scrutiny-2097793 |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref> Omuyivu omu yagamba nti kino si kuwagira kwettisa bbomu wabula kwekenneenya okwanenya '"okusalawo kwa Amerika ku nkola y'ensonga z'ebweru naddala mu kiseera ky'olutalo olw'ebigambo", okutondawo embeera [[:en:Islamic_extremism|y'Obusiraamu obw'annalukalala]] [[:en:Political_violence|n'effujjo mu byobufuzi]] " mwe byakulaakulanira. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Murray |first=Conor |date=Jul 11, 2025 |title=Mahmood Mamdani's Work Does Not Advocate Violence, Expert Says |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/conormurray/2025/07/11/sequoias-maguire-unfairly-targets-zohran-mamdanis-father-fellow-academic-says/ |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko bye bifulumiddde mu ''[[:en:London_Review_of_Books|London Review of Books]]'' n'ekampuni ezifulumya ebitabo ebirala.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/contributors/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=London Review of Books |language=en-GB}}</ref> Okusinziira ku CAS, ebiwandiiko bya Mamdani "bibadde bikulu mu kusomebwa abayizi abali ku misomo gyabwe egya undergraduate ne Postgraduate ku UCT ssaako n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo ku nsoma y'ebyafaayo n'ebyobufuzi bya Afirika , nga banonyereza ku nkwatagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'obuwangwa, okugerageranya obufuzi bw'amatwale, entalo ez'omunda mu ggwanga n'ekittabantu mu Afirika".<ref name="uwn20182">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> == Emirimu gy'emirala == Okuva mu 1998 <ref name="bio22">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> oba 1999 okutuuka mu 2002, Mamdani yaweereza nga pulezidenti w'olukiiko olukulaakulanya okunoonyereza ku ssaayansi w'embeera z'abantu mu Afrika ([[:en:Council_for_the_Development_of_Social_Science_Research_in_Africa|Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa]]). <ref name="cas20182">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumineebiri 2001, yawa okwogera ku "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" mu lukungaana lwa [[:en:Nobel_Prize|Nobel Centennial Symposium]] e [[:en:Oslo|Oslo]], Norway. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 December 2001 |title=Speech by Dr. Mahmood Mamdani: "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/mediaplayer/index.php?id=1281 |access-date=24 March 2013 |publisher=Nobel Prize}}</ref> Mu Gwomwenda 2006, Mamdani yali omu ku boogezi abaayitibwa mu lukuŋŋaana lw’ekibiina kya [[:en:Ugandan_North_American_Association_(UNAA)|Uganda North American Association (UNAA)]] mu kibuga New York. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2006-09-05 |title=UNAA Convention was disorganised! |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/news/1141390/unaa-convention-disorganised |access-date=2026-02-18 |publisher=New Vision (Kampala)}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano 2011, mu kiseera ky'okwekalakaasa okwali mu kibangirizi kya Tahrir([[:en:Tahrir_Square_protests|Tahrir Square protests]]) mu kibuga [[:en:Cairo|Cairo]], Misiri, Mamdani yayitibwa okwogerako mu [[:en:American_University_of_Cairo|Yunivasite y’Amerika e Cairo]]. Ng’ayogera eri abayizi mu [[:en:University_of_KwaZulu-Natal|yunivasite y’e KwaZulu-Natal]] mu South Africa mu 2012, kino yakigeraageranya n’obwegugungo obwaliwo mu Soweto ([[:en:1976_Soweto_uprising|Soweto Uprising]]) mu 1976 . <ref name="kwazulu2012">{{Cite web |date=24 April 2012 |title=Address on Receiving an Honorary Doctorate at the University of Kwazulu Natal |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/mesaas/images/faculty/news/Mamdani%20commencement.pdf |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumi 2011, Mamdani (nga bali wamu ne Rhoda Ann Kanaaneh) y'eyali omwogezi omukulu mu lukungaana lw’eggwanga olwasooka olw’abayizi olwa [[:en:Students_for_Justice_in_Palestine|Students for Justice in Palestine]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Silver |first=Carly |date=2011-10-16 |title=Reporting live from the first-ever SJP National Conference |url=https://newvoices.org/2011/10/15/reporting-live-from-the-first-ever-sjp-national-conference/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=New Voices |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nathan-Kazis |first=Josh |date=2011-10-11 |title=Pro-Palestinian Student Activists Plan First National Conference |url=https://forward.com/news/144173/pro-palestinian-student-activists-plan-push/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=The Forward |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2017 yayitibwa okuwa omusomo ku lunaku lwa [[:en:TB_Davie_Memorial_Lecture|TB Davie Memorial]] ku ddembe ly'okusoma mu Yunivasite y'e Cape Town, era emboozi ye, eyatuumibwa "Decolonising the Post-Colonial University" yaleetawo okukubaganya ebirowoozo kungi. <ref name="uwn20183">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="davis20172">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> Okuva mu Gwekkumineebiri 2017 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2018, Mamdani yaweereza nga Rajni Kothari Chair Professor mu [[:en:Centre_for_the_Study_of_Developing_Societies|Center for the Study of Developing Societies]] mu [[:en:Delhi|Delhi,]] Buyindi. Oluvannyuma lw'ekisanja kye okuggwako, nga 4 Ogwokuna 2018 yawa omusomo gwa Rajni Kothari Chair ogutegekebwa buli mwaka, ogwatuumibwa "Okulowooza ku bwenkanya okuyita mu bumanyirivu bw'Afirika mu kyasa eky'amakumi abiri". <ref name="csds2">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Alabikidde mu firimu z’ebyafaayo ng’omukugu okugeza, ''[[:en:Rwanda:_The_Untold_Story|Rwanda: The Untold Story]]'' (2014, [[:en:BBC|BBC]] ), ''The Dictator’s Playbook'' (2018, [[:en:PBS|PBS]] ) ne ''[[:en:How_to_Become_a_Tyrant|How to Become a Tyrant]]'' (2021, [[:en:Netflix|Netflix]] ). == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 3zo1flrxq675c8i4qoerijx8x9zrh0c 48686 48685 2026-05-03T09:30:14Z Charles Kalanzi 9748 48686 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mahmood Mamdani''' [ a ] FBA (yazaalibwa 23 Ogwokuna 1946) munnayuganda [[:en:Anthropologist|omukugu mu by'enkula y'abantu]], munnaby'anjigiriza, era omukugu mu by'obufuzi. Ye Herbert Lehman Pulofeesa wa Gavumenti era pulofeesa w’ensonga z'ekikula ky'abantu, [[:en:Political_science|ssaayansi w’ebyobufuzi]], n’okunoonyereza [[:en:African_studies|ku nsoma y'Afirika]] mu [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]] . Era akola nga Ccansala wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda, era nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa ku Center for African Studis mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y'e Cape Town]] . Emabegako yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole kya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. Mamdani mukugu mu kusoma ebyobufuzi bya Afrika n’ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw’amatwale]] n’oluvannyuma [[:en:Postcolonialism|lw'obufuzi bw’amatwale]], n’ebyobufuzi [[:en:Knowledge_economy|by’ebyenfuna]] . Mufumbo nga mukazi we ye [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]] omuzannyi wa firimu . Ye ne Nair be bazadde ba [[:en:New_York_City_Mayor|Meeya w'ekibuga New York]] [[Zohran Mamdani]] . == Obuto bwe n’okusoma == Mahmood Mamdani yazaalibwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1946 mu [[:en:Bombay|kibuga Bombay]] (kati Mumbai), Buyindi, ng’ebula omwaka gumu [[:en:British_Raj|enfuga ya Bungereza]] ekome. <ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/education/news/mahmood-mamdani-education-and-career-path-how-zohran-mamdanis-father-built-a-legacy-of-revolution-through-ideas-and-exile/articleshow/122064130.cms "Mahmood Mamdani education and career path: How Zohran Mamdani's father built a legacy of revolution through ideas and exile"]. ''The Times of India''. 25 June 2025. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN&nbsp;]][https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-8257 0971-825]7. Retrieved 13 July 2025.</ref> <ref name="codesria">{{Cite web |title=Pr. Mahmood Mamdani (1998-2002) |url=https://codesria.org/pr-mahmood-mamdani-1998-2002/ |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> Yakulira mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=23 February 2021 |title=Mahmood Mamdani on Uganda |url=https://africasacountry.com/2011/04/mamdani-on-uganda |website=Africa is a Country}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Permanent Minorities and the Politics of Survivors: A conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://worldpeacefoundation.org/blog/permanent-minorities-and-the-politics-of-survivors-a-conversation-with-mahmood-mamdani/ |website=World Peace Foundation}}</ref> ng'omu ku [[:en:Indian_diaspora_in_Southeast_Africa|Bayindi ababundabunda mu bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba bwa Afrika]] . Bazadde be bombi, [[:en:Gujarati_Muslim|basiraamu Abagujarati]], baazaalibwa era ne bakulira mu kitundu kya Bungereza eky'amatwale ki [[:en:Tanganyika_Territory|Tanganyika]] (leero Tanzania). Abafumbo bano baagenda e Bombay olwo kitaawe n’asomerayo mu ttendekero ekkulu. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Chen |first=Kuan-Hsing |last2=Gao |first2=Shiming |last3=Tang |first3=Xiaolin |date=2016 |title=The formation of an African intellectual: an interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |journal=Inter-Asia Cultural Studies |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=456–480 |doi=10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref>Muhoozi, Mourice (6 March 2022). [https://www.watchdoguganda.com/news/20220306/131449/meet-ugandas-most-iconic-academician-prof-mahmood-mamdani.html "Meet Uganda's most Iconic academician, Prof. Mahmood Mamdani"]. ''Watchdog Uganda''</ref> Famire yaddayo e [[:en:Dar_es_Salaam|Dar es Salaam]], Tanganyika, nga Mamdani wa myaka ebiri, ne bagenda e Uganda nga wa myaka etaano oba mukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Mu kiseera ekyo, Uganda yali yayawulwamu okusinziira ku mawanga, omuli abantu gye babeera, amasomero, emizikiti, n’ebifo abaana we bazannyira. Okusoma kwe mu pulayimale, Mamdani yasooka kugenda mu [[:en:Madrasa|madarasa]], n’oluvannyuma mu Government Indian Primary School. <ref name=":8"/> Yakula ng'ayogera [[:en:Gujarati_language|Olugujarati]], [[:en:Urdu|Oluurdu]] [[:en:Swahili_language|n'Oluswayiri]] . Yatandika okusoma Olungereza mu kibiina eky’omukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Oluvannyuma lw’okusoma siniya ey’awansi, yasomera ku Old Kampala Senior Secondary School, gye yali omuwandiisi w’ekibiina kya Do-it-Yourself Physics. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uganda: Buganda And Uganda At Crossroads |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090826030635/http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |archive-date=26 August 2009 |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=AllAfrica}}</ref> Mamdani yali omu ku bayizi Bannayuganda 23 abaali mu kibiina kya [[:en:The_Kennedy_Airlift|Kennedy Airlift]] mu 1963, enteekateeka ya sikaala eyaweebwa ssente okuva mu Amerika eyaleetera ebikumi n’ebikumi by'abayizi okuva mu [[:en:East_Africa|Buvanjuba bwa Afrika]] okusomera ku yunivasite mu Amerika ne Canada wakati wa 1959 ne 1963. <ref name="indian tele">{{Cite web |last=Sen |first=Manjula |date=25 January 2009 |title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |archive-date=2 February 2009 |access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref> Mamdani yatikkirwa diguli ya Bachelor of Arts okuva mu [[:en:University_of_Pittsburgh|Yunivasite y’e Pittsburgh]] <ref name="codesria"/> mu 1967. <ref>{{Cite book |date=1 January 2010 |title=International Encyclopedia of Civil Society |url=https://link.springer.com/referencework/10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |vauthors=((Anheier, H. K.)), ((Toepler, S.)) |publisher=Springer US |isbn=978-0-387-93994-0 |editor-last=Anheier |editor-first=Helmut K. |doi=10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |editor-last2=Toepler |editor-first2=Stefan}}</ref> Yali omu ku bayizi abangi mu bukiikakkono bwa Amerika abaali mu lugendo lwa bbaasi mu bukiikaddyo okutuuka e [[:en:Montgomery,_Alabama|Montgomery, Alabama]], olwategekebwa [[:en:Student_Nonviolent_Coordinating_Committee|akakiiko akakwasaganya abayizi abatali ba ffujjo]] mu Gwokusatu 1965 okwetaba mu kaweefube w'okulwanirira [[:en:Civil_rights_movement|eddembe ly’obuntu]] . Kino kyaliwo mu kiseera ky’okutambula okuva e [[:en:Selma_to_Montgomery_marches|Selma okutuuka e Montgomery]], naye nga kyo kya njawulo. Yasibibwa mu kkomera mu kutambula kuno era n’akkirizibwa okukuba essimu. Mamdani yakubira [[:en:Embassy_of_Uganda,_Washington,_D.C.|omubaka wa Uganda]] e [[:en:Washington,_DC|Washington, DC]], amuyambe. Omubaka yamubuuza lwaki "ayingirira ensonga z'omunda mu nsi engwira", n'amuddamu nti teyali nsonga ya munda wabula olutalo lw'eddembe era nti nabo eddembe lyabwe baali bakalifuna omwaka ogwakaggwa. <ref name="pambazuka">{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=28 April 2007 |title=The Asian question again: A reflection |url=http://www.pambazuka.org/en/category/comment/41273 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]] (Uganda) |via=pambazuka.org}}</ref> Amangu ddala nga wayiseewo akaseera katono, Mamdani yategeera ku mulimu gwa [[:en:Karl_Marx|Karl Marx]] okuva mu kukyala kwe ku FBI. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Shringarpure |first=Bhakti |author-link=Bhakti Shringarpure |date=15 July 2013 |title=In Conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.warscapes.com/conversations/conversation-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=6 November 2017 |website=Warscapes |language=en |quote=I thought the guy Marx had just died. […] So that was my introduction to Karl Marx.}}</ref> Yasomera ku [[:en:Fletcher_School_of_Law_and_Diplomacy|Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy]] mu [[:en:Tufts_University|Yunivasite ya Tufts]] era mu 1968 yatikkirwa diguli ya Master of Arts mu [[:en:Political_science|byobufuzi]] ne Master of Arts mu mateeka ne diplomacy mu 1969. Yafuna diguli ye [[:en:Doctor_of_philosophy|eyookusatu]] mu gavumenti okuva mu [[:en:Harvard_University|Yunivasite y'e Harvard]] mu 1974, wansi w’obulagirizi bwa [[:en:Karl_Deutsch|Karl Deutsch]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and class formation in Uganda |url=http://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=978-0-85345-378-9 |location=New York |via=Internet Archive}}</ref> Omulamwa kw'eyatambuliza ddiguli ye eyookusatu yagiwa omutwe "''Politics and Class Formation in Uganda."'' <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and Class Formation in Uganda |url=https://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=0-85345-378-0 |location=New York |oclc=2073894 |url-access=registration}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Allen |first=Judith Van |last2=Mamdani |first2=Mahmood |last3=Shivji |first3=Issa G. |date=November 1977 |title=Reviewed Works: Politics and Class Formation in Uganda. by Mahmood Mamdani; Class Struggles in Tanzania. by Issa G. Shivji |journal=Contemporary Sociology |publisher=American Sociological Association |volume=6 |issue=6 |pages=702 |doi=10.2307/2066367 |issn=0094-3061 |eissn=1939-8638 |jstor=2066367}}</ref> == Emirimu gye == Mamdani yakomawo mu Uganda ku ntandikwa ya 1972 era naweebwa omulimu ku [[Makerere University, Uganda|yunivasite y'e Makerere]] mu Kampala [[:en:Teaching_assistant|ng'ayambako omusomesa]], mu kiseera kye kimu yali akola ku kunoonyereza kwe okwa ddiguli eyookusatu. . Ye n’Abaasia abasinga obungi [[:en:Expulsion_of_Asians_from_Uganda|baagobebwa]] mu Uganda ku nkomerero y’omwaka ogwo [[Idi Amin]] olw’amawanga gaabwe; Amin yali agenderera "kuzzaawo" bizinensi n'ebintu. Mamdani yava mu Uganda n’agenda mu nkambi y’ababundabunda mu Bungereza ku ntandikwa y'omwezi Gwekkuminoogumu. <ref name="lrb2022">{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2022-10-06 |title=The Asian Question |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v44/n19/mahmood-mamdani/the-asian-question |journal=[[London Review of Books]] |language=en |volume=44 |issue=19 |issn=0260-9592 |access-date=2025-09-08}}</ref> Yava e Bungereza mu makkati ga 1973 oluvannyuma lw’okuyingizibwa mu [[:en:University_of_Dar_es_Salaam|Yunivasite y’e Dar es Salaam]] mu Tanzania. <ref name="pambazuka"/> <ref name="cas2018">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> <ref name="bio2">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> Mu Dar es Salaam, yamaliriza okuwandiika dissertation ye. Yali mujjumbize nnyo n’ebibiina ebiwakanya Amin. Mu 1979, yeetaba mu Ttabamiruka w’e Moshi ng’omutunuulizi. Yaddayo mu Uganda oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa ku bukulembeze oluvannyuma lw'olutalo lwa [[Olutalo lwa Uganda ne Tanzania|Uganda ne Tanzania]] mu 1979. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McCormack |first=Pete |date=17 October 2005 |title=Interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.petemccormack.com/interview_mamdani_001.htm |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=petemccormack.com}}</ref> <ref name="bio2" /> Mu kiseera kino, yakozesebwa ng'omutendeke mu kibiina kya [[:en:All_Africa_Conference_of_Churches|All Africa Conference of Churches]], omukago [[:en:Ecumenical_Christian|gw'Abakristaayo ogw'ensi yonna]] ogusangibwa e [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, ng'akolera mu ofiisi [[:en:Church_of_Uganda|y'Ekkanisa ya Uganda]] mu Kampala. <ref name="lrb2022"/> Okuva mu 1980 (oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa mu ntebe mu 1979) okutuuka mu 1993 yaddamu okukolera yunivasite y’e Makerere. <ref name="bio2"/> <ref name="lrb2022"/>​[[Milton Obote|​]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kagolo |first=Francis |date=8 February 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani to be honoured among Africa's best |url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/628869-prof-mamdani-to-be-honoured-among-africa-s-best.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]]}}</ref> Yaddayo e Dar es Salaam. Oluvannyuma lwa Obote okugobwa mu ntebe omulundi ogwokubiri, Mamdani yaddamu okudda mu Uganda mu Gwomukaaga 1986. <ref name="indian tele"/> Yali dayirekita eyatandikawo ekitongole kya Centre for Basic Research (CBR), ekitongole kya Uganda ekitali kya gavumenti ekyasooka mu kunoonyereza, mwe yaweereza okuva mu 1987 okutuuka mu 1996. <ref name="diaspora">{{Cite web |date=29 November 2012 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012 |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=ugandandiaspora.com}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> <ref name="csds">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Yaliko pulofeesa omugenyi ku [[:en:University_of_Durban-Westville|Yunivasite y’e Durban]] - [[:en:Westville,_KwaZulu-Natal|Westville]] mu South Africa (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka mu Gwomukaaga 1993), ku [[:en:Nehru_Memorial_Museum_&_Library|Nehru Memorial Museum & Library]] e New Delhi (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka Gwomukaaga 1995), ne mu [[:en:Princeton_University|Yunivasite y'e Princeton]] (1995–96). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vance |first=Dara |date=2015-11-20 |title=UK Committee on Social Theory Hosts Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://uknow.uky.edu/uk-happenings/uk-committee-social-theory-hosts-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=UKNow}}</ref> Mu 1996, yalondebwa okubeera omukulembeze w’entebe ya [[:en:Archibald_Campbell_Jordan|AC Jordan]] ey'ensoma y'Afirika mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y’e Cape Town]], <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 March 2011 |title=UCT in war over 'bantu education' |url=http://mg.co.za/article/2011-03-11-uct-in-war-over-bantu-education |access-date=22 March 2013}}</ref> era ku ntandikwa ya 1997 n’afuuka akulira [[:en:Centre_for_African_Studies|ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku by'ensoma y'Afirika]] (CAS). <ref name="uwn2018">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> Yavaawo oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obutakkaanya n'abasomesa (abasinga obungi abazungu) ku bbago ly'ensoma ye ey'omusomo ogw'omusingi ku Afrika oguyitibwa "Problematising Africa". <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=June 1, 1998 |title=Is African studies to be turned into a new home for Bantu education at UCT? |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/02533959808458649 |journal=Social Dynamics |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=63–75 |doi=10.1080/02533959808458649 |issn=0253-3952 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> Mamdani, eyalaga nti ensoma eriwo eya " [[:en:Bantu_Education_Act,_1953|Bantu studies]] " (mu kujjuliza ku kusomesa Abaddugavu wansi w'enfuga [[:en:Apartheid|y'obusosoze]] ) <ref name="cas2018" /> yayimirizibwa era okukkakkana ng'alekulidde. <ref name="davis2017">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> "Ensonga ya Mamdani" ekyayogerwako mu kukubaganya ebirowoozo ku [[:en:Decolonization_of_higher_education_in_South_Africa|kununula amatendekero aga waggulu okuva mu nsoma y'abamatwale]] . Oluvannyuma yagamba nti teyalina busungu ku muntu yenna, era yalina enkolagana ennungi ekiseera kye yamalayo. Yagamba nti obutakwatagana bwali ku njawulo mu ndowooza n'addala ensengeka y’ensoma ku bikwata ku kusoma South Africa ng’ensi ya Afrika. Oluvannyuma (2018) yakomezebwawo nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa asuutibwa. [ b ] <ref name="uwn2018" /> Mu 1999, Mamdani yalondebwa okuba dayirekita w’ekitongole ekikola ku by’okunoonyereza ku Afirika mu yunivasite ya Columbia, ekifo kye yalina okutuusa mu 2004. <ref name="uwn2018"/> Okuva olwo abadde asomesa eyo (nga 2025). <ref name="haag2025">{{Cite web |last=Haag |first=Matthew |last2=Goldberg |first2=Emma |date=27 June 2025 |title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |archive-date=7 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku mbeera z’abantu ekya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=18 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University]] |archive-date=2 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002055113/http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Agaba |first=John |title=Mamdani talks about his research legacy and work at Makerere |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20220329112608625 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="bio2"/> Okutuuka mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2025 [[:en:Columbia_University#Academics|pulofeesa wa Herbert Lehman mu Gavumenti]] era pulofeesa ku nkula y'abantu, okusoma saayansi w'ebyobufuzi [[:en:African_studies|n'okusoma ku Afirika]] ku [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]].<ref name="bio2" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Faculty Bio: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/anthropology/fac-bios/mamdani/faculty.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Era akola nga chancellor wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://kiu.ac.ug/news-page.php?i=press-release-kampala-international-university-kiu-appoints-prof-mahmood-mamdani-as-chancellor |access-date=24 August 2020 |publisher=[[Kampala International University]]}}</ref> == Okunoonyereza n'okuwandiika == Mamdani yeemalira mu kunoonyereza ku byobufuzi bya Afirika n'eby'ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw'amatwale]] [[:en:Postcolonialism|n'oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale]], n'ebyobufuzi by'ebyenfuna. Ebitabo bye byekenneenya enkolagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'ebyobuwangwa, okugeraageranya [[:en:Colonialism|okufugibwa kw'amatwale]] okuva mu 1452, ebyafaayo by'entalo z'omunda [[:en:Genocide|n'ekitta bantu]] mu Afirika, [[:en:Cold_War|Olutalo olw'Ensi Yonna olw'ebigambo]] [[:en:War_on_terror|n'olutalo ku butujju]], n'ebyafaayo by'eddembe ly'obuntu.<ref>vSneh, Itai Nartzizenfield (2008). [https://books.google.com/books?id=iax4AAAAMAAJ ''The Future Almost Arrived: How Jimmy Carter Failed to Change U.S. Foreign Policy''.] [[:en:Peter_Lang_(publishing_company)|Peter Lang]]. p. 169. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780820481852|9780820481852]]</bdi>.</ref> Okunoonyereza kwe okw'omwaka 2016 kwatandikira ku kitabo kye eky'omwaka 1996, [[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]. <ref>[http://polisci.columbia.edu/people/profile/96 "Mahmood Mamdani | Department of Political Science"]. ''polisci.columbia.edu''. Retrieved 21 January 2016.</ref>Mu kitabo ekyo, yagamba nti eggwanga eryafugibwa terisobola kutegeerwa nga tewekenenyeza bulungi eggwanga eryalifuga.Enkola y'obufuzi bw'amatwale mu Afirika yali eddamu okusoomoozebwa kw'ekibuuzo "ekikulu", era yagamba nti yafuuka "amawanga agaabuluziddwamu".<ref name=":0">Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. pp. 15–16. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|<bdi>9780852553992</bdi>.]]</ref>Kino kyali kikolebwa mu ngeri bbiri: ku ludda olumu nga bafuga butereevu, nga kino kyali kikolwa kya "buyinza" era nga kyali kigenderera okuggya abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo ku ddembe ly'obuntu eryali liweebwa abatuuze mu bitundu ebirala, ate ku ludda olulala nga bafuga mu ngeri etali y'abuteerevu, nga kino kyali kikolebwa mu byalo era nga kizingiramu okuyingiza "bannansi" mu "mateeka g'eggwanga" agaateekebwawo ab'obuyinza mu byalo, era nga kino yakiyita "obwannakyemalira obw'okugabanya obuyinza".<ref name=":0" /> Embeera eno yali "yakusika muguwa" era ng'erimu "engeri bbiri ez'obuyinza wansi w'obuyinza obumu".<ref name=":0" /> Oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale, ebibuga byali tebikyayawulamu bantu lwa langi naye ebyalo byali bikyafugibwa abakulembeze abaali mu nkwawa z'abafuzi b'amatwale, ka babe abakulembeze ab'ennono oba b'ebali bakwasizzaobuyinza nga balina ebiruubirirwa by'okufugisa omukono ogw'ekyuma.<ref>Clapham, Chris (1997). "Review: Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism by Mahmood Mamdani'". ''Royal Institute of International Affairs''. '''73''': 606.</ref>Mu ngeri eno obukulembeze bwonna bwaleeta enjawukana mu mawnga era n'ekutondawo obukulembeze bwabwe obw'enjawulo obwannakyemalira.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref> Mamdani yekennenya ebyafaayo mu South Africa ne Uganda okulaga nti obufuzi bw'amatwale bwakozesa obuyinza obuyitiridde era obuyinza obwo bweyongera okubaawo oluvannyuma lw'ameefuga.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. p. 37. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref>Ng’asomooza endowooza eza bulijjo ku busosoze mu South Afrika nga ez’enjawulo, agamba nti [[:en:Apartheid|obusosoze mu mawanga]] bwali ngeri ya bulijjo ey’ettwale lya Bulaaya mu Africa, nga lizingiramu ensonga [[:en:Indirect_rule|z’obufuzi obutali butereevu]] n’okukwatagana<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1 January 1996 |title=Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism |isbn=9780852553992 |pages=16–18}}</ref> Mu kitabo kye ekyafulumizibwa mu 2004 ekya ''Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: America, the Cold War, and the Roots of Terror'' Mamdani yagamba nti [[:en:Suicide_attack|abeetuze]] balina okumanyibwa "ng'ekika ky'omujaasi" era nti balina "okutegeerwa mu ngeri y'effujjo ly'ebyobufuzi ery'omulembe guno okusinga okuvumwavumwa ng'akabonero k'obukambwe". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bickerton |first=James |date=2025-07-11 |title=Zohran Mamdani's father's remark about suicide bombers comes under scrutiny |url=https://www.newsweek.com/zohran-mamdani-father-remark-about-suicide-bombers-comes-under-scrutiny-2097793 |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref> Omuyivu omu yagamba nti kino si kuwagira kwettisa bbomu wabula kwekenneenya okwanenya '"okusalawo kwa Amerika ku nkola y'ensonga z'ebweru naddala mu kiseera ky'olutalo olw'ebigambo", okutondawo embeera [[:en:Islamic_extremism|y'Obusiraamu obw'annalukalala]] [[:en:Political_violence|n'effujjo mu byobufuzi]] " mwe byakulaakulanira. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Murray |first=Conor |date=Jul 11, 2025 |title=Mahmood Mamdani's Work Does Not Advocate Violence, Expert Says |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/conormurray/2025/07/11/sequoias-maguire-unfairly-targets-zohran-mamdanis-father-fellow-academic-says/ |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko bye bifulumiddde mu ''[[:en:London_Review_of_Books|London Review of Books]]'' n'ekampuni ezifulumya ebitabo ebirala.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/contributors/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=London Review of Books |language=en-GB}}</ref> Okusinziira ku CAS, ebiwandiiko bya Mamdani "bibadde bikulu mu kusomebwa abayizi abali ku misomo gyabwe egya undergraduate ne Postgraduate ku UCT ssaako n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo ku nsoma y'ebyafaayo n'ebyobufuzi bya Afirika , nga banonyereza ku nkwatagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'obuwangwa, okugerageranya obufuzi bw'amatwale, entalo ez'omunda mu ggwanga n'ekittabantu mu Afirika".<ref name="uwn20182">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> == Emirimu gy'emirala == Okuva mu 1998 <ref name="bio22">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> oba 1999 okutuuka mu 2002, Mamdani yaweereza nga pulezidenti w'olukiiko olukulaakulanya okunoonyereza ku ssaayansi w'embeera z'abantu mu Afrika ([[:en:Council_for_the_Development_of_Social_Science_Research_in_Africa|Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa]]). <ref name="cas20182">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumineebiri 2001, yawa okwogera ku "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" mu lukungaana lwa [[:en:Nobel_Prize|Nobel Centennial Symposium]] e [[:en:Oslo|Oslo]], Norway. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 December 2001 |title=Speech by Dr. Mahmood Mamdani: "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/mediaplayer/index.php?id=1281 |access-date=24 March 2013 |publisher=Nobel Prize}}</ref> Mu Gwomwenda 2006, Mamdani yali omu ku boogezi abaayitibwa mu lukuŋŋaana lw’ekibiina kya [[:en:Ugandan_North_American_Association_(UNAA)|Uganda North American Association (UNAA)]] mu kibuga New York. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2006-09-05 |title=UNAA Convention was disorganised! |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/news/1141390/unaa-convention-disorganised |access-date=2026-02-18 |publisher=New Vision (Kampala)}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano 2011, mu kiseera ky'okwekalakaasa okwali mu kibangirizi kya Tahrir([[:en:Tahrir_Square_protests|Tahrir Square protests]]) mu kibuga [[:en:Cairo|Cairo]], Misiri, Mamdani yayitibwa okwogerako mu [[:en:American_University_of_Cairo|Yunivasite y’Amerika e Cairo]]. Ng’ayogera eri abayizi mu [[:en:University_of_KwaZulu-Natal|yunivasite y’e KwaZulu-Natal]] mu South Africa mu 2012, kino yakigeraageranya n’obwegugungo obwaliwo mu Soweto ([[:en:1976_Soweto_uprising|Soweto Uprising]]) mu 1976 . <ref name="kwazulu2012">{{Cite web |date=24 April 2012 |title=Address on Receiving an Honorary Doctorate at the University of Kwazulu Natal |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/mesaas/images/faculty/news/Mamdani%20commencement.pdf |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumi 2011, Mamdani (nga bali wamu ne Rhoda Ann Kanaaneh) y'eyali omwogezi omukulu mu lukungaana lw’eggwanga olwasooka olw’abayizi olwa [[:en:Students_for_Justice_in_Palestine|Students for Justice in Palestine]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Silver |first=Carly |date=2011-10-16 |title=Reporting live from the first-ever SJP National Conference |url=https://newvoices.org/2011/10/15/reporting-live-from-the-first-ever-sjp-national-conference/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=New Voices |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nathan-Kazis |first=Josh |date=2011-10-11 |title=Pro-Palestinian Student Activists Plan First National Conference |url=https://forward.com/news/144173/pro-palestinian-student-activists-plan-push/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=The Forward |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2017 yayitibwa okuwa omusomo ku lunaku lwa [[:en:TB_Davie_Memorial_Lecture|TB Davie Memorial]] ku ddembe ly'okusoma mu Yunivasite y'e Cape Town, era emboozi ye, eyatuumibwa "Decolonising the Post-Colonial University" yaleetawo okukubaganya ebirowoozo kungi. <ref name="uwn20183">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="davis20172">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> Okuva mu Gwekkumineebiri 2017 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2018, Mamdani yaweereza nga Rajni Kothari Chair Professor mu [[:en:Centre_for_the_Study_of_Developing_Societies|Center for the Study of Developing Societies]] mu [[:en:Delhi|Delhi,]] Buyindi. Oluvannyuma lw'ekisanja kye okuggwako, nga 4 Ogwokuna 2018 yawa omusomo gwa Rajni Kothari Chair ogutegekebwa buli mwaka, ogwatuumibwa "Okulowooza ku bwenkanya okuyita mu bumanyirivu bw'Afirika mu kyasa eky'amakumi abiri". <ref name="csds2">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Alabikidde mu firimu z’ebyafaayo ng’omukugu okugeza, ''[[:en:Rwanda:_The_Untold_Story|Rwanda: The Untold Story]]'' (2014, [[:en:BBC|BBC]] ), ''The Dictator’s Playbook'' (2018, [[:en:PBS|PBS]] ) ne ''[[:en:How_to_Become_a_Tyrant|How to Become a Tyrant]]'' (2021, [[:en:Netflix|Netflix]]). <ref>{{Cite AV media|url=https://www.pbs.org/video/idi-amin-3ol3rz/|title=The Dictator's Playbook {{!}} Idi Amin {{!}} Episode 6|language=en|publisher=[[PBS]]|via=}}</ref> Yalabikira mu firimu ya cameo mu firimu ya 2012 ''eya The Reluctant Fundamentalist'', eyalagirwa mukyala we. <ref>{{Cite AV media|title=[[The Reluctant Fundamentalist]]|date=2012|last=Nair|first=Mira|publisher=[[IFC Films]]}}</ref> == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] es5l2m7kzeekzixn0tz75gq0k5htoa2 48687 48686 2026-05-03T09:31:58Z Charles Kalanzi 9748 48687 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mahmood Mamdani''' [ a ] FBA (yazaalibwa 23 Ogwokuna 1946) munnayuganda [[:en:Anthropologist|omukugu mu by'enkula y'abantu]], munnaby'anjigiriza, era omukugu mu by'obufuzi. Ye Herbert Lehman Pulofeesa wa Gavumenti era pulofeesa w’ensonga z'ekikula ky'abantu, [[:en:Political_science|ssaayansi w’ebyobufuzi]], n’okunoonyereza [[:en:African_studies|ku nsoma y'Afirika]] mu [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]] . Era akola nga Ccansala wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda, era nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa ku Center for African Studis mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y'e Cape Town]] . Emabegako yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole kya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. Mamdani mukugu mu kusoma ebyobufuzi bya Afrika n’ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw’amatwale]] n’oluvannyuma [[:en:Postcolonialism|lw'obufuzi bw’amatwale]], n’ebyobufuzi [[:en:Knowledge_economy|by’ebyenfuna]] . Mufumbo nga mukazi we ye [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]] omuzannyi wa firimu . Ye ne Nair be bazadde ba [[:en:New_York_City_Mayor|Meeya w'ekibuga New York]] [[Zohran Mamdani]] . == Obuto bwe n’okusoma == Mahmood Mamdani yazaalibwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1946 mu [[:en:Bombay|kibuga Bombay]] (kati Mumbai), Buyindi, ng’ebula omwaka gumu [[:en:British_Raj|enfuga ya Bungereza]] ekome. <ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/education/news/mahmood-mamdani-education-and-career-path-how-zohran-mamdanis-father-built-a-legacy-of-revolution-through-ideas-and-exile/articleshow/122064130.cms "Mahmood Mamdani education and career path: How Zohran Mamdani's father built a legacy of revolution through ideas and exile"]. ''The Times of India''. 25 June 2025. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN&nbsp;]][https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-8257 0971-825]7. Retrieved 13 July 2025.</ref> <ref name="codesria">{{Cite web |title=Pr. Mahmood Mamdani (1998-2002) |url=https://codesria.org/pr-mahmood-mamdani-1998-2002/ |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> Yakulira mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=23 February 2021 |title=Mahmood Mamdani on Uganda |url=https://africasacountry.com/2011/04/mamdani-on-uganda |website=Africa is a Country}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Permanent Minorities and the Politics of Survivors: A conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://worldpeacefoundation.org/blog/permanent-minorities-and-the-politics-of-survivors-a-conversation-with-mahmood-mamdani/ |website=World Peace Foundation}}</ref> ng'omu ku [[:en:Indian_diaspora_in_Southeast_Africa|Bayindi ababundabunda mu bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba bwa Afrika]] . Bazadde be bombi, [[:en:Gujarati_Muslim|basiraamu Abagujarati]], baazaalibwa era ne bakulira mu kitundu kya Bungereza eky'amatwale ki [[:en:Tanganyika_Territory|Tanganyika]] (leero Tanzania). Abafumbo bano baagenda e Bombay olwo kitaawe n’asomerayo mu ttendekero ekkulu. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Chen |first=Kuan-Hsing |last2=Gao |first2=Shiming |last3=Tang |first3=Xiaolin |date=2016 |title=The formation of an African intellectual: an interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |journal=Inter-Asia Cultural Studies |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=456–480 |doi=10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref>Muhoozi, Mourice (6 March 2022). [https://www.watchdoguganda.com/news/20220306/131449/meet-ugandas-most-iconic-academician-prof-mahmood-mamdani.html "Meet Uganda's most Iconic academician, Prof. Mahmood Mamdani"]. ''Watchdog Uganda''</ref> Famire yaddayo e [[:en:Dar_es_Salaam|Dar es Salaam]], Tanganyika, nga Mamdani wa myaka ebiri, ne bagenda e Uganda nga wa myaka etaano oba mukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Mu kiseera ekyo, Uganda yali yayawulwamu okusinziira ku mawanga, omuli abantu gye babeera, amasomero, emizikiti, n’ebifo abaana we bazannyira. Okusoma kwe mu pulayimale, Mamdani yasooka kugenda mu [[:en:Madrasa|madarasa]], n’oluvannyuma mu Government Indian Primary School. <ref name=":8"/> Yakula ng'ayogera [[:en:Gujarati_language|Olugujarati]], [[:en:Urdu|Oluurdu]] [[:en:Swahili_language|n'Oluswayiri]] . Yatandika okusoma Olungereza mu kibiina eky’omukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Oluvannyuma lw’okusoma siniya ey’awansi, yasomera ku Old Kampala Senior Secondary School, gye yali omuwandiisi w’ekibiina kya Do-it-Yourself Physics. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uganda: Buganda And Uganda At Crossroads |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090826030635/http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |archive-date=26 August 2009 |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=AllAfrica}}</ref> Mamdani yali omu ku bayizi Bannayuganda 23 abaali mu kibiina kya [[:en:The_Kennedy_Airlift|Kennedy Airlift]] mu 1963, enteekateeka ya sikaala eyaweebwa ssente okuva mu Amerika eyaleetera ebikumi n’ebikumi by'abayizi okuva mu [[:en:East_Africa|Buvanjuba bwa Afrika]] okusomera ku yunivasite mu Amerika ne Canada wakati wa 1959 ne 1963. <ref name="indian tele">{{Cite web |last=Sen |first=Manjula |date=25 January 2009 |title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |archive-date=2 February 2009 |access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref> Mamdani yatikkirwa diguli ya Bachelor of Arts okuva mu [[:en:University_of_Pittsburgh|Yunivasite y’e Pittsburgh]] <ref name="codesria"/> mu 1967. <ref>{{Cite book |date=1 January 2010 |title=International Encyclopedia of Civil Society |url=https://link.springer.com/referencework/10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |vauthors=((Anheier, H. K.)), ((Toepler, S.)) |publisher=Springer US |isbn=978-0-387-93994-0 |editor-last=Anheier |editor-first=Helmut K. |doi=10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |editor-last2=Toepler |editor-first2=Stefan}}</ref> Yali omu ku bayizi abangi mu bukiikakkono bwa Amerika abaali mu lugendo lwa bbaasi mu bukiikaddyo okutuuka e [[:en:Montgomery,_Alabama|Montgomery, Alabama]], olwategekebwa [[:en:Student_Nonviolent_Coordinating_Committee|akakiiko akakwasaganya abayizi abatali ba ffujjo]] mu Gwokusatu 1965 okwetaba mu kaweefube w'okulwanirira [[:en:Civil_rights_movement|eddembe ly’obuntu]] . Kino kyaliwo mu kiseera ky’okutambula okuva e [[:en:Selma_to_Montgomery_marches|Selma okutuuka e Montgomery]], naye nga kyo kya njawulo. Yasibibwa mu kkomera mu kutambula kuno era n’akkirizibwa okukuba essimu. Mamdani yakubira [[:en:Embassy_of_Uganda,_Washington,_D.C.|omubaka wa Uganda]] e [[:en:Washington,_DC|Washington, DC]], amuyambe. Omubaka yamubuuza lwaki "ayingirira ensonga z'omunda mu nsi engwira", n'amuddamu nti teyali nsonga ya munda wabula olutalo lw'eddembe era nti nabo eddembe lyabwe baali bakalifuna omwaka ogwakaggwa. <ref name="pambazuka">{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=28 April 2007 |title=The Asian question again: A reflection |url=http://www.pambazuka.org/en/category/comment/41273 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]] (Uganda) |via=pambazuka.org}}</ref> Amangu ddala nga wayiseewo akaseera katono, Mamdani yategeera ku mulimu gwa [[:en:Karl_Marx|Karl Marx]] okuva mu kukyala kwe ku FBI. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Shringarpure |first=Bhakti |author-link=Bhakti Shringarpure |date=15 July 2013 |title=In Conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.warscapes.com/conversations/conversation-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=6 November 2017 |website=Warscapes |language=en |quote=I thought the guy Marx had just died. […] So that was my introduction to Karl Marx.}}</ref> Yasomera ku [[:en:Fletcher_School_of_Law_and_Diplomacy|Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy]] mu [[:en:Tufts_University|Yunivasite ya Tufts]] era mu 1968 yatikkirwa diguli ya Master of Arts mu [[:en:Political_science|byobufuzi]] ne Master of Arts mu mateeka ne diplomacy mu 1969. Yafuna diguli ye [[:en:Doctor_of_philosophy|eyookusatu]] mu gavumenti okuva mu [[:en:Harvard_University|Yunivasite y'e Harvard]] mu 1974, wansi w’obulagirizi bwa [[:en:Karl_Deutsch|Karl Deutsch]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and class formation in Uganda |url=http://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=978-0-85345-378-9 |location=New York |via=Internet Archive}}</ref> Omulamwa kw'eyatambuliza ddiguli ye eyookusatu yagiwa omutwe "''Politics and Class Formation in Uganda."'' <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and Class Formation in Uganda |url=https://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=0-85345-378-0 |location=New York |oclc=2073894 |url-access=registration}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Allen |first=Judith Van |last2=Mamdani |first2=Mahmood |last3=Shivji |first3=Issa G. |date=November 1977 |title=Reviewed Works: Politics and Class Formation in Uganda. by Mahmood Mamdani; Class Struggles in Tanzania. by Issa G. Shivji |journal=Contemporary Sociology |publisher=American Sociological Association |volume=6 |issue=6 |pages=702 |doi=10.2307/2066367 |issn=0094-3061 |eissn=1939-8638 |jstor=2066367}}</ref> == Emirimu gye == Mamdani yakomawo mu Uganda ku ntandikwa ya 1972 era naweebwa omulimu ku [[Makerere University, Uganda|yunivasite y'e Makerere]] mu Kampala [[:en:Teaching_assistant|ng'ayambako omusomesa]], mu kiseera kye kimu yali akola ku kunoonyereza kwe okwa ddiguli eyookusatu. . Ye n’Abaasia abasinga obungi [[:en:Expulsion_of_Asians_from_Uganda|baagobebwa]] mu Uganda ku nkomerero y’omwaka ogwo [[Idi Amin]] olw’amawanga gaabwe; Amin yali agenderera "kuzzaawo" bizinensi n'ebintu. Mamdani yava mu Uganda n’agenda mu nkambi y’ababundabunda mu Bungereza ku ntandikwa y'omwezi Gwekkuminoogumu. <ref name="lrb2022">{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2022-10-06 |title=The Asian Question |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v44/n19/mahmood-mamdani/the-asian-question |journal=[[London Review of Books]] |language=en |volume=44 |issue=19 |issn=0260-9592 |access-date=2025-09-08}}</ref> Yava e Bungereza mu makkati ga 1973 oluvannyuma lw’okuyingizibwa mu [[:en:University_of_Dar_es_Salaam|Yunivasite y’e Dar es Salaam]] mu Tanzania. <ref name="pambazuka"/> <ref name="cas2018">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> <ref name="bio2">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> Mu Dar es Salaam, yamaliriza okuwandiika dissertation ye. Yali mujjumbize nnyo n’ebibiina ebiwakanya Amin. Mu 1979, yeetaba mu Ttabamiruka w’e Moshi ng’omutunuulizi. Yaddayo mu Uganda oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa ku bukulembeze oluvannyuma lw'olutalo lwa [[Olutalo lwa Uganda ne Tanzania|Uganda ne Tanzania]] mu 1979. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McCormack |first=Pete |date=17 October 2005 |title=Interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.petemccormack.com/interview_mamdani_001.htm |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=petemccormack.com}}</ref> <ref name="bio2" /> Mu kiseera kino, yakozesebwa ng'omutendeke mu kibiina kya [[:en:All_Africa_Conference_of_Churches|All Africa Conference of Churches]], omukago [[:en:Ecumenical_Christian|gw'Abakristaayo ogw'ensi yonna]] ogusangibwa e [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, ng'akolera mu ofiisi [[:en:Church_of_Uganda|y'Ekkanisa ya Uganda]] mu Kampala. <ref name="lrb2022"/> Okuva mu 1980 (oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa mu ntebe mu 1979) okutuuka mu 1993 yaddamu okukolera yunivasite y’e Makerere. <ref name="bio2"/> <ref name="lrb2022"/>​[[Milton Obote|​]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kagolo |first=Francis |date=8 February 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani to be honoured among Africa's best |url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/628869-prof-mamdani-to-be-honoured-among-africa-s-best.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]]}}</ref> Yaddayo e Dar es Salaam. Oluvannyuma lwa Obote okugobwa mu ntebe omulundi ogwokubiri, Mamdani yaddamu okudda mu Uganda mu Gwomukaaga 1986. <ref name="indian tele"/> Yali dayirekita eyatandikawo ekitongole kya Centre for Basic Research (CBR), ekitongole kya Uganda ekitali kya gavumenti ekyasooka mu kunoonyereza, mwe yaweereza okuva mu 1987 okutuuka mu 1996. <ref name="diaspora">{{Cite web |date=29 November 2012 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012 |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=ugandandiaspora.com}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> <ref name="csds">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Yaliko pulofeesa omugenyi ku [[:en:University_of_Durban-Westville|Yunivasite y’e Durban]] - [[:en:Westville,_KwaZulu-Natal|Westville]] mu South Africa (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka mu Gwomukaaga 1993), ku [[:en:Nehru_Memorial_Museum_&_Library|Nehru Memorial Museum & Library]] e New Delhi (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka Gwomukaaga 1995), ne mu [[:en:Princeton_University|Yunivasite y'e Princeton]] (1995–96). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vance |first=Dara |date=2015-11-20 |title=UK Committee on Social Theory Hosts Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://uknow.uky.edu/uk-happenings/uk-committee-social-theory-hosts-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=UKNow}}</ref> Mu 1996, yalondebwa okubeera omukulembeze w’entebe ya [[:en:Archibald_Campbell_Jordan|AC Jordan]] ey'ensoma y'Afirika mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y’e Cape Town]], <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 March 2011 |title=UCT in war over 'bantu education' |url=http://mg.co.za/article/2011-03-11-uct-in-war-over-bantu-education |access-date=22 March 2013}}</ref> era ku ntandikwa ya 1997 n’afuuka akulira [[:en:Centre_for_African_Studies|ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku by'ensoma y'Afirika]] (CAS). <ref name="uwn2018">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> Yavaawo oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obutakkaanya n'abasomesa (abasinga obungi abazungu) ku bbago ly'ensoma ye ey'omusomo ogw'omusingi ku Afrika oguyitibwa "Problematising Africa". <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=June 1, 1998 |title=Is African studies to be turned into a new home for Bantu education at UCT? |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/02533959808458649 |journal=Social Dynamics |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=63–75 |doi=10.1080/02533959808458649 |issn=0253-3952 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> Mamdani, eyalaga nti ensoma eriwo eya " [[:en:Bantu_Education_Act,_1953|Bantu studies]] " (mu kujjuliza ku kusomesa Abaddugavu wansi w'enfuga [[:en:Apartheid|y'obusosoze]] ) <ref name="cas2018" /> yayimirizibwa era okukkakkana ng'alekulidde. <ref name="davis2017">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> "Ensonga ya Mamdani" ekyayogerwako mu kukubaganya ebirowoozo ku [[:en:Decolonization_of_higher_education_in_South_Africa|kununula amatendekero aga waggulu okuva mu nsoma y'abamatwale]] . Oluvannyuma yagamba nti teyalina busungu ku muntu yenna, era yalina enkolagana ennungi ekiseera kye yamalayo. Yagamba nti obutakwatagana bwali ku njawulo mu ndowooza n'addala ensengeka y’ensoma ku bikwata ku kusoma South Africa ng’ensi ya Afrika. Oluvannyuma (2018) yakomezebwawo nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa asuutibwa. [ b ] <ref name="uwn2018" /> Mu 1999, Mamdani yalondebwa okuba dayirekita w’ekitongole ekikola ku by’okunoonyereza ku Afirika mu yunivasite ya Columbia, ekifo kye yalina okutuusa mu 2004. <ref name="uwn2018"/> Okuva olwo abadde asomesa eyo (nga 2025). <ref name="haag2025">{{Cite web |last=Haag |first=Matthew |last2=Goldberg |first2=Emma |date=27 June 2025 |title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |archive-date=7 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku mbeera z’abantu ekya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=18 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University]] |archive-date=2 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002055113/http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Agaba |first=John |title=Mamdani talks about his research legacy and work at Makerere |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20220329112608625 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="bio2"/> Okutuuka mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2025 [[:en:Columbia_University#Academics|pulofeesa wa Herbert Lehman mu Gavumenti]] era pulofeesa ku nkula y'abantu, okusoma saayansi w'ebyobufuzi [[:en:African_studies|n'okusoma ku Afirika]] ku [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]].<ref name="bio2" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Faculty Bio: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/anthropology/fac-bios/mamdani/faculty.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Era akola nga chancellor wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://kiu.ac.ug/news-page.php?i=press-release-kampala-international-university-kiu-appoints-prof-mahmood-mamdani-as-chancellor |access-date=24 August 2020 |publisher=[[Kampala International University]]}}</ref> == Okunoonyereza n'okuwandiika == Mamdani yeemalira mu kunoonyereza ku byobufuzi bya Afirika n'eby'ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw'amatwale]] [[:en:Postcolonialism|n'oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale]], n'ebyobufuzi by'ebyenfuna. Ebitabo bye byekenneenya enkolagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'ebyobuwangwa, okugeraageranya [[:en:Colonialism|okufugibwa kw'amatwale]] okuva mu 1452, ebyafaayo by'entalo z'omunda [[:en:Genocide|n'ekitta bantu]] mu Afirika, [[:en:Cold_War|Olutalo olw'Ensi Yonna olw'ebigambo]] [[:en:War_on_terror|n'olutalo ku butujju]], n'ebyafaayo by'eddembe ly'obuntu.<ref>vSneh, Itai Nartzizenfield (2008). [https://books.google.com/books?id=iax4AAAAMAAJ ''The Future Almost Arrived: How Jimmy Carter Failed to Change U.S. Foreign Policy''.] [[:en:Peter_Lang_(publishing_company)|Peter Lang]]. p. 169. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780820481852|9780820481852]]</bdi>.</ref> Okunoonyereza kwe okw'omwaka 2016 kwatandikira ku kitabo kye eky'omwaka 1996, [[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]. <ref>[http://polisci.columbia.edu/people/profile/96 "Mahmood Mamdani | Department of Political Science"]. ''polisci.columbia.edu''. Retrieved 21 January 2016.</ref>Mu kitabo ekyo, yagamba nti eggwanga eryafugibwa terisobola kutegeerwa nga tewekenenyeza bulungi eggwanga eryalifuga.Enkola y'obufuzi bw'amatwale mu Afirika yali eddamu okusoomoozebwa kw'ekibuuzo "ekikulu", era yagamba nti yafuuka "amawanga agaabuluziddwamu".<ref name=":0">Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. pp. 15–16. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|<bdi>9780852553992</bdi>.]]</ref>Kino kyali kikolebwa mu ngeri bbiri: ku ludda olumu nga bafuga butereevu, nga kino kyali kikolwa kya "buyinza" era nga kyali kigenderera okuggya abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo ku ddembe ly'obuntu eryali liweebwa abatuuze mu bitundu ebirala, ate ku ludda olulala nga bafuga mu ngeri etali y'abuteerevu, nga kino kyali kikolebwa mu byalo era nga kizingiramu okuyingiza "bannansi" mu "mateeka g'eggwanga" agaateekebwawo ab'obuyinza mu byalo, era nga kino yakiyita "obwannakyemalira obw'okugabanya obuyinza".<ref name=":0" /> Embeera eno yali "yakusika muguwa" era ng'erimu "engeri bbiri ez'obuyinza wansi w'obuyinza obumu".<ref name=":0" /> Oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale, ebibuga byali tebikyayawulamu bantu lwa langi naye ebyalo byali bikyafugibwa abakulembeze abaali mu nkwawa z'abafuzi b'amatwale, ka babe abakulembeze ab'ennono oba b'ebali bakwasizzaobuyinza nga balina ebiruubirirwa by'okufugisa omukono ogw'ekyuma.<ref>Clapham, Chris (1997). "Review: Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism by Mahmood Mamdani'". ''Royal Institute of International Affairs''. '''73''': 606.</ref>Mu ngeri eno obukulembeze bwonna bwaleeta enjawukana mu mawnga era n'ekutondawo obukulembeze bwabwe obw'enjawulo obwannakyemalira.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref> Mamdani yekennenya ebyafaayo mu South Africa ne Uganda okulaga nti obufuzi bw'amatwale bwakozesa obuyinza obuyitiridde era obuyinza obwo bweyongera okubaawo oluvannyuma lw'ameefuga.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. p. 37. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref>Ng’asomooza endowooza eza bulijjo ku busosoze mu South Afrika nga ez’enjawulo, agamba nti [[:en:Apartheid|obusosoze mu mawanga]] bwali ngeri ya bulijjo ey’ettwale lya Bulaaya mu Africa, nga lizingiramu ensonga [[:en:Indirect_rule|z’obufuzi obutali butereevu]] n’okukwatagana<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1 January 1996 |title=Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism |isbn=9780852553992 |pages=16–18}}</ref> Mu kitabo kye ekyafulumizibwa mu 2004 ekya ''Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: America, the Cold War, and the Roots of Terror'' Mamdani yagamba nti [[:en:Suicide_attack|abeetuze]] balina okumanyibwa "ng'ekika ky'omujaasi" era nti balina "okutegeerwa mu ngeri y'effujjo ly'ebyobufuzi ery'omulembe guno okusinga okuvumwavumwa ng'akabonero k'obukambwe". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bickerton |first=James |date=2025-07-11 |title=Zohran Mamdani's father's remark about suicide bombers comes under scrutiny |url=https://www.newsweek.com/zohran-mamdani-father-remark-about-suicide-bombers-comes-under-scrutiny-2097793 |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref> Omuyivu omu yagamba nti kino si kuwagira kwettisa bbomu wabula kwekenneenya okwanenya '"okusalawo kwa Amerika ku nkola y'ensonga z'ebweru naddala mu kiseera ky'olutalo olw'ebigambo", okutondawo embeera [[:en:Islamic_extremism|y'Obusiraamu obw'annalukalala]] [[:en:Political_violence|n'effujjo mu byobufuzi]] " mwe byakulaakulanira. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Murray |first=Conor |date=Jul 11, 2025 |title=Mahmood Mamdani's Work Does Not Advocate Violence, Expert Says |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/conormurray/2025/07/11/sequoias-maguire-unfairly-targets-zohran-mamdanis-father-fellow-academic-says/ |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko bye bifulumiddde mu ''[[:en:London_Review_of_Books|London Review of Books]]'' n'ekampuni ezifulumya ebitabo ebirala.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/contributors/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=London Review of Books |language=en-GB}}</ref> Okusinziira ku CAS, ebiwandiiko bya Mamdani "bibadde bikulu mu kusomebwa abayizi abali ku misomo gyabwe egya undergraduate ne Postgraduate ku UCT ssaako n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo ku nsoma y'ebyafaayo n'ebyobufuzi bya Afirika , nga banonyereza ku nkwatagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'obuwangwa, okugerageranya obufuzi bw'amatwale, entalo ez'omunda mu ggwanga n'ekittabantu mu Afirika".<ref name="uwn20182">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> == Emirimu gy'emirala == Okuva mu 1998 <ref name="bio22">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> oba 1999 okutuuka mu 2002, Mamdani yaweereza nga pulezidenti w'olukiiko olukulaakulanya okunoonyereza ku ssaayansi w'embeera z'abantu mu Afrika ([[:en:Council_for_the_Development_of_Social_Science_Research_in_Africa|Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa]]). <ref name="cas20182">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumineebiri 2001, yawa okwogera ku "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" mu lukungaana lwa [[:en:Nobel_Prize|Nobel Centennial Symposium]] e [[:en:Oslo|Oslo]], Norway. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 December 2001 |title=Speech by Dr. Mahmood Mamdani: "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/mediaplayer/index.php?id=1281 |access-date=24 March 2013 |publisher=Nobel Prize}}</ref> Mu Gwomwenda 2006, Mamdani yali omu ku boogezi abaayitibwa mu lukuŋŋaana lw’ekibiina kya [[:en:Ugandan_North_American_Association_(UNAA)|Uganda North American Association (UNAA)]] mu kibuga New York. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2006-09-05 |title=UNAA Convention was disorganised! |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/news/1141390/unaa-convention-disorganised |access-date=2026-02-18 |publisher=New Vision (Kampala)}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano 2011, mu kiseera ky'okwekalakaasa okwali mu kibangirizi kya Tahrir([[:en:Tahrir_Square_protests|Tahrir Square protests]]) mu kibuga [[:en:Cairo|Cairo]], Misiri, Mamdani yayitibwa okwogerako mu [[:en:American_University_of_Cairo|Yunivasite y’Amerika e Cairo]]. Ng’ayogera eri abayizi mu [[:en:University_of_KwaZulu-Natal|yunivasite y’e KwaZulu-Natal]] mu South Africa mu 2012, kino yakigeraageranya n’obwegugungo obwaliwo mu Soweto ([[:en:1976_Soweto_uprising|Soweto Uprising]]) mu 1976 . <ref name="kwazulu2012">{{Cite web |date=24 April 2012 |title=Address on Receiving an Honorary Doctorate at the University of Kwazulu Natal |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/mesaas/images/faculty/news/Mamdani%20commencement.pdf |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumi 2011, Mamdani (nga bali wamu ne Rhoda Ann Kanaaneh) y'eyali omwogezi omukulu mu lukungaana lw’eggwanga olwasooka olw’abayizi olwa [[:en:Students_for_Justice_in_Palestine|Students for Justice in Palestine]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Silver |first=Carly |date=2011-10-16 |title=Reporting live from the first-ever SJP National Conference |url=https://newvoices.org/2011/10/15/reporting-live-from-the-first-ever-sjp-national-conference/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=New Voices |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nathan-Kazis |first=Josh |date=2011-10-11 |title=Pro-Palestinian Student Activists Plan First National Conference |url=https://forward.com/news/144173/pro-palestinian-student-activists-plan-push/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=The Forward |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2017 yayitibwa okuwa omusomo ku lunaku lwa [[:en:TB_Davie_Memorial_Lecture|TB Davie Memorial]] ku ddembe ly'okusoma mu Yunivasite y'e Cape Town, era emboozi ye, eyatuumibwa "Decolonising the Post-Colonial University" yaleetawo okukubaganya ebirowoozo kungi. <ref name="uwn20183">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="davis20172">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> Okuva mu Gwekkumineebiri 2017 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2018, Mamdani yaweereza nga Rajni Kothari Chair Professor mu [[:en:Centre_for_the_Study_of_Developing_Societies|Center for the Study of Developing Societies]] mu [[:en:Delhi|Delhi,]] Buyindi. Oluvannyuma lw'ekisanja kye okuggwako, nga 4 Ogwokuna 2018 yawa omusomo gwa Rajni Kothari Chair ogutegekebwa buli mwaka, ogwatuumibwa "Okulowooza ku bwenkanya okuyita mu bumanyirivu bw'Afirika mu kyasa eky'amakumi abiri". <ref name="csds2">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Alabikidde mu firimu z’ebyafaayo ng’omukugu okugeza, ''[[:en:Rwanda:_The_Untold_Story|Rwanda: The Untold Story]]'' (2014, [[:en:BBC|BBC]] ), ''The Dictator’s Playbook'' (2018, [[:en:PBS|PBS]] ) ne ''[[:en:How_to_Become_a_Tyrant|How to Become a Tyrant]]'' (2021, [[:en:Netflix|Netflix]]). <ref>{{Cite AV media|url=https://www.pbs.org/video/idi-amin-3ol3rz/|title=The Dictator's Playbook {{!}} Idi Amin {{!}} Episode 6|language=en|publisher=[[PBS]]|via=}}</ref> Yalabikira mu firimu ya [[:en:Cameo_appearance|cameo]] ,mu firimu ya 2012 ''eya [[:en:The_Reluctant_Fundamentalist_(film)|The Reluctant Fundamentalist]]'', eyakulemberwamu mukyala we. <ref>{{Cite AV media|title=[[The Reluctant Fundamentalist]]|date=2012|last=Nair|first=Mira|publisher=[[IFC Films]]}}</ref> == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 7loqt0dj77o7p5ckxgulih0zf7dtwd2 48688 48687 2026-05-03T09:34:19Z Charles Kalanzi 9748 48688 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mahmood Mamdani''' [ a ] FBA (yazaalibwa 23 Ogwokuna 1946) munnayuganda [[:en:Anthropologist|omukugu mu by'enkula y'abantu]], munnaby'anjigiriza, era omukugu mu by'obufuzi. Ye Herbert Lehman Pulofeesa wa Gavumenti era pulofeesa w’ensonga z'ekikula ky'abantu, [[:en:Political_science|ssaayansi w’ebyobufuzi]], n’okunoonyereza [[:en:African_studies|ku nsoma y'Afirika]] mu [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]] . Era akola nga Ccansala wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda, era nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa ku Center for African Studis mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y'e Cape Town]] . Emabegako yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole kya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. Mamdani mukugu mu kusoma ebyobufuzi bya Afrika n’ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw’amatwale]] n’oluvannyuma [[:en:Postcolonialism|lw'obufuzi bw’amatwale]], n’ebyobufuzi [[:en:Knowledge_economy|by’ebyenfuna]] . Mufumbo nga mukazi we ye [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]] omuzannyi wa firimu . Ye ne Nair be bazadde ba [[:en:New_York_City_Mayor|Meeya w'ekibuga New York]] [[Zohran Mamdani]] . == Obuto bwe n’okusoma == Mahmood Mamdani yazaalibwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1946 mu [[:en:Bombay|kibuga Bombay]] (kati Mumbai), Buyindi, ng’ebula omwaka gumu [[:en:British_Raj|enfuga ya Bungereza]] ekome. <ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/education/news/mahmood-mamdani-education-and-career-path-how-zohran-mamdanis-father-built-a-legacy-of-revolution-through-ideas-and-exile/articleshow/122064130.cms "Mahmood Mamdani education and career path: How Zohran Mamdani's father built a legacy of revolution through ideas and exile"]. ''The Times of India''. 25 June 2025. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN&nbsp;]][https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-8257 0971-825]7. Retrieved 13 July 2025.</ref> <ref name="codesria">{{Cite web |title=Pr. Mahmood Mamdani (1998-2002) |url=https://codesria.org/pr-mahmood-mamdani-1998-2002/ |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> Yakulira mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=23 February 2021 |title=Mahmood Mamdani on Uganda |url=https://africasacountry.com/2011/04/mamdani-on-uganda |website=Africa is a Country}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Permanent Minorities and the Politics of Survivors: A conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://worldpeacefoundation.org/blog/permanent-minorities-and-the-politics-of-survivors-a-conversation-with-mahmood-mamdani/ |website=World Peace Foundation}}</ref> ng'omu ku [[:en:Indian_diaspora_in_Southeast_Africa|Bayindi ababundabunda mu bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba bwa Afrika]] . Bazadde be bombi, [[:en:Gujarati_Muslim|basiraamu Abagujarati]], baazaalibwa era ne bakulira mu kitundu kya Bungereza eky'amatwale ki [[:en:Tanganyika_Territory|Tanganyika]] (leero Tanzania). Abafumbo bano baagenda e Bombay olwo kitaawe n’asomerayo mu ttendekero ekkulu. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Chen |first=Kuan-Hsing |last2=Gao |first2=Shiming |last3=Tang |first3=Xiaolin |date=2016 |title=The formation of an African intellectual: an interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |journal=Inter-Asia Cultural Studies |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=456–480 |doi=10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref>Muhoozi, Mourice (6 March 2022). [https://www.watchdoguganda.com/news/20220306/131449/meet-ugandas-most-iconic-academician-prof-mahmood-mamdani.html "Meet Uganda's most Iconic academician, Prof. Mahmood Mamdani"]. ''Watchdog Uganda''</ref> Famire yaddayo e [[:en:Dar_es_Salaam|Dar es Salaam]], Tanganyika, nga Mamdani wa myaka ebiri, ne bagenda e Uganda nga wa myaka etaano oba mukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Mu kiseera ekyo, Uganda yali yayawulwamu okusinziira ku mawanga, omuli abantu gye babeera, amasomero, emizikiti, n’ebifo abaana we bazannyira. Okusoma kwe mu pulayimale, Mamdani yasooka kugenda mu [[:en:Madrasa|madarasa]], n’oluvannyuma mu Government Indian Primary School. <ref name=":8"/> Yakula ng'ayogera [[:en:Gujarati_language|Olugujarati]], [[:en:Urdu|Oluurdu]] [[:en:Swahili_language|n'Oluswayiri]] . Yatandika okusoma Olungereza mu kibiina eky’omukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Oluvannyuma lw’okusoma siniya ey’awansi, yasomera ku Old Kampala Senior Secondary School, gye yali omuwandiisi w’ekibiina kya Do-it-Yourself Physics. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uganda: Buganda And Uganda At Crossroads |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090826030635/http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |archive-date=26 August 2009 |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=AllAfrica}}</ref> Mamdani yali omu ku bayizi Bannayuganda 23 abaali mu kibiina kya [[:en:The_Kennedy_Airlift|Kennedy Airlift]] mu 1963, enteekateeka ya sikaala eyaweebwa ssente okuva mu Amerika eyaleetera ebikumi n’ebikumi by'abayizi okuva mu [[:en:East_Africa|Buvanjuba bwa Afrika]] okusomera ku yunivasite mu Amerika ne Canada wakati wa 1959 ne 1963. <ref name="indian tele">{{Cite web |last=Sen |first=Manjula |date=25 January 2009 |title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |archive-date=2 February 2009 |access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref> Mamdani yatikkirwa diguli ya Bachelor of Arts okuva mu [[:en:University_of_Pittsburgh|Yunivasite y’e Pittsburgh]] <ref name="codesria"/> mu 1967. <ref>{{Cite book |date=1 January 2010 |title=International Encyclopedia of Civil Society |url=https://link.springer.com/referencework/10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |vauthors=((Anheier, H. K.)), ((Toepler, S.)) |publisher=Springer US |isbn=978-0-387-93994-0 |editor-last=Anheier |editor-first=Helmut K. |doi=10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |editor-last2=Toepler |editor-first2=Stefan}}</ref> Yali omu ku bayizi abangi mu bukiikakkono bwa Amerika abaali mu lugendo lwa bbaasi mu bukiikaddyo okutuuka e [[:en:Montgomery,_Alabama|Montgomery, Alabama]], olwategekebwa [[:en:Student_Nonviolent_Coordinating_Committee|akakiiko akakwasaganya abayizi abatali ba ffujjo]] mu Gwokusatu 1965 okwetaba mu kaweefube w'okulwanirira [[:en:Civil_rights_movement|eddembe ly’obuntu]] . Kino kyaliwo mu kiseera ky’okutambula okuva e [[:en:Selma_to_Montgomery_marches|Selma okutuuka e Montgomery]], naye nga kyo kya njawulo. Yasibibwa mu kkomera mu kutambula kuno era n’akkirizibwa okukuba essimu. Mamdani yakubira [[:en:Embassy_of_Uganda,_Washington,_D.C.|omubaka wa Uganda]] e [[:en:Washington,_DC|Washington, DC]], amuyambe. Omubaka yamubuuza lwaki "ayingirira ensonga z'omunda mu nsi engwira", n'amuddamu nti teyali nsonga ya munda wabula olutalo lw'eddembe era nti nabo eddembe lyabwe baali bakalifuna omwaka ogwakaggwa. <ref name="pambazuka">{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=28 April 2007 |title=The Asian question again: A reflection |url=http://www.pambazuka.org/en/category/comment/41273 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]] (Uganda) |via=pambazuka.org}}</ref> Amangu ddala nga wayiseewo akaseera katono, Mamdani yategeera ku mulimu gwa [[:en:Karl_Marx|Karl Marx]] okuva mu kukyala kwe ku FBI. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Shringarpure |first=Bhakti |author-link=Bhakti Shringarpure |date=15 July 2013 |title=In Conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.warscapes.com/conversations/conversation-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=6 November 2017 |website=Warscapes |language=en |quote=I thought the guy Marx had just died. […] So that was my introduction to Karl Marx.}}</ref> Yasomera ku [[:en:Fletcher_School_of_Law_and_Diplomacy|Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy]] mu [[:en:Tufts_University|Yunivasite ya Tufts]] era mu 1968 yatikkirwa diguli ya Master of Arts mu [[:en:Political_science|byobufuzi]] ne Master of Arts mu mateeka ne diplomacy mu 1969. Yafuna diguli ye [[:en:Doctor_of_philosophy|eyookusatu]] mu gavumenti okuva mu [[:en:Harvard_University|Yunivasite y'e Harvard]] mu 1974, wansi w’obulagirizi bwa [[:en:Karl_Deutsch|Karl Deutsch]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and class formation in Uganda |url=http://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=978-0-85345-378-9 |location=New York |via=Internet Archive}}</ref> Omulamwa kw'eyatambuliza ddiguli ye eyookusatu yagiwa omutwe "''Politics and Class Formation in Uganda."'' <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and Class Formation in Uganda |url=https://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=0-85345-378-0 |location=New York |oclc=2073894 |url-access=registration}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Allen |first=Judith Van |last2=Mamdani |first2=Mahmood |last3=Shivji |first3=Issa G. |date=November 1977 |title=Reviewed Works: Politics and Class Formation in Uganda. by Mahmood Mamdani; Class Struggles in Tanzania. by Issa G. Shivji |journal=Contemporary Sociology |publisher=American Sociological Association |volume=6 |issue=6 |pages=702 |doi=10.2307/2066367 |issn=0094-3061 |eissn=1939-8638 |jstor=2066367}}</ref> == Emirimu gye == Mamdani yakomawo mu Uganda ku ntandikwa ya 1972 era naweebwa omulimu ku [[Makerere University, Uganda|yunivasite y'e Makerere]] mu Kampala [[:en:Teaching_assistant|ng'ayambako omusomesa]], mu kiseera kye kimu yali akola ku kunoonyereza kwe okwa ddiguli eyookusatu. . Ye n’Abaasia abasinga obungi [[:en:Expulsion_of_Asians_from_Uganda|baagobebwa]] mu Uganda ku nkomerero y’omwaka ogwo [[Idi Amin]] olw’amawanga gaabwe; Amin yali agenderera "kuzzaawo" bizinensi n'ebintu. Mamdani yava mu Uganda n’agenda mu nkambi y’ababundabunda mu Bungereza ku ntandikwa y'omwezi Gwekkuminoogumu. <ref name="lrb2022">{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2022-10-06 |title=The Asian Question |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v44/n19/mahmood-mamdani/the-asian-question |journal=[[London Review of Books]] |language=en |volume=44 |issue=19 |issn=0260-9592 |access-date=2025-09-08}}</ref> Yava e Bungereza mu makkati ga 1973 oluvannyuma lw’okuyingizibwa mu [[:en:University_of_Dar_es_Salaam|Yunivasite y’e Dar es Salaam]] mu Tanzania. <ref name="pambazuka"/> <ref name="cas2018">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> <ref name="bio2">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> Mu Dar es Salaam, yamaliriza okuwandiika dissertation ye. Yali mujjumbize nnyo n’ebibiina ebiwakanya Amin. Mu 1979, yeetaba mu Ttabamiruka w’e Moshi ng’omutunuulizi. Yaddayo mu Uganda oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa ku bukulembeze oluvannyuma lw'olutalo lwa [[Olutalo lwa Uganda ne Tanzania|Uganda ne Tanzania]] mu 1979. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McCormack |first=Pete |date=17 October 2005 |title=Interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.petemccormack.com/interview_mamdani_001.htm |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=petemccormack.com}}</ref> <ref name="bio2" /> Mu kiseera kino, yakozesebwa ng'omutendeke mu kibiina kya [[:en:All_Africa_Conference_of_Churches|All Africa Conference of Churches]], omukago [[:en:Ecumenical_Christian|gw'Abakristaayo ogw'ensi yonna]] ogusangibwa e [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, ng'akolera mu ofiisi [[:en:Church_of_Uganda|y'Ekkanisa ya Uganda]] mu Kampala. <ref name="lrb2022"/> Okuva mu 1980 (oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa mu ntebe mu 1979) okutuuka mu 1993 yaddamu okukolera yunivasite y’e Makerere. <ref name="bio2"/> <ref name="lrb2022"/>​[[Milton Obote|​]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kagolo |first=Francis |date=8 February 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani to be honoured among Africa's best |url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/628869-prof-mamdani-to-be-honoured-among-africa-s-best.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]]}}</ref> Yaddayo e Dar es Salaam. Oluvannyuma lwa Obote okugobwa mu ntebe omulundi ogwokubiri, Mamdani yaddamu okudda mu Uganda mu Gwomukaaga 1986. <ref name="indian tele"/> Yali dayirekita eyatandikawo ekitongole kya Centre for Basic Research (CBR), ekitongole kya Uganda ekitali kya gavumenti ekyasooka mu kunoonyereza, mwe yaweereza okuva mu 1987 okutuuka mu 1996. <ref name="diaspora">{{Cite web |date=29 November 2012 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012 |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=ugandandiaspora.com}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> <ref name="csds">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Yaliko pulofeesa omugenyi ku [[:en:University_of_Durban-Westville|Yunivasite y’e Durban]] - [[:en:Westville,_KwaZulu-Natal|Westville]] mu South Africa (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka mu Gwomukaaga 1993), ku [[:en:Nehru_Memorial_Museum_&_Library|Nehru Memorial Museum & Library]] e New Delhi (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka Gwomukaaga 1995), ne mu [[:en:Princeton_University|Yunivasite y'e Princeton]] (1995–96). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vance |first=Dara |date=2015-11-20 |title=UK Committee on Social Theory Hosts Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://uknow.uky.edu/uk-happenings/uk-committee-social-theory-hosts-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=UKNow}}</ref> Mu 1996, yalondebwa okubeera omukulembeze w’entebe ya [[:en:Archibald_Campbell_Jordan|AC Jordan]] ey'ensoma y'Afirika mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y’e Cape Town]], <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 March 2011 |title=UCT in war over 'bantu education' |url=http://mg.co.za/article/2011-03-11-uct-in-war-over-bantu-education |access-date=22 March 2013}}</ref> era ku ntandikwa ya 1997 n’afuuka akulira [[:en:Centre_for_African_Studies|ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku by'ensoma y'Afirika]] (CAS). <ref name="uwn2018">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> Yavaawo oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obutakkaanya n'abasomesa (abasinga obungi abazungu) ku bbago ly'ensoma ye ey'omusomo ogw'omusingi ku Afrika oguyitibwa "Problematising Africa". <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=June 1, 1998 |title=Is African studies to be turned into a new home for Bantu education at UCT? |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/02533959808458649 |journal=Social Dynamics |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=63–75 |doi=10.1080/02533959808458649 |issn=0253-3952 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> Mamdani, eyalaga nti ensoma eriwo eya " [[:en:Bantu_Education_Act,_1953|Bantu studies]] " (mu kujjuliza ku kusomesa Abaddugavu wansi w'enfuga [[:en:Apartheid|y'obusosoze]] ) <ref name="cas2018" /> yayimirizibwa era okukkakkana ng'alekulidde. <ref name="davis2017">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> "Ensonga ya Mamdani" ekyayogerwako mu kukubaganya ebirowoozo ku [[:en:Decolonization_of_higher_education_in_South_Africa|kununula amatendekero aga waggulu okuva mu nsoma y'abamatwale]] . Oluvannyuma yagamba nti teyalina busungu ku muntu yenna, era yalina enkolagana ennungi ekiseera kye yamalayo. Yagamba nti obutakwatagana bwali ku njawulo mu ndowooza n'addala ensengeka y’ensoma ku bikwata ku kusoma South Africa ng’ensi ya Afrika. Oluvannyuma (2018) yakomezebwawo nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa asuutibwa. [ b ] <ref name="uwn2018" /> Mu 1999, Mamdani yalondebwa okuba dayirekita w’ekitongole ekikola ku by’okunoonyereza ku Afirika mu yunivasite ya Columbia, ekifo kye yalina okutuusa mu 2004. <ref name="uwn2018"/> Okuva olwo abadde asomesa eyo (nga 2025). <ref name="haag2025">{{Cite web |last=Haag |first=Matthew |last2=Goldberg |first2=Emma |date=27 June 2025 |title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |archive-date=7 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku mbeera z’abantu ekya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=18 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University]] |archive-date=2 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002055113/http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Agaba |first=John |title=Mamdani talks about his research legacy and work at Makerere |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20220329112608625 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="bio2"/> Okutuuka mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2025 [[:en:Columbia_University#Academics|pulofeesa wa Herbert Lehman mu Gavumenti]] era pulofeesa ku nkula y'abantu, okusoma saayansi w'ebyobufuzi [[:en:African_studies|n'okusoma ku Afirika]] ku [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]].<ref name="bio2" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Faculty Bio: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/anthropology/fac-bios/mamdani/faculty.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Era akola nga chancellor wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://kiu.ac.ug/news-page.php?i=press-release-kampala-international-university-kiu-appoints-prof-mahmood-mamdani-as-chancellor |access-date=24 August 2020 |publisher=[[Kampala International University]]}}</ref> == Okunoonyereza n'okuwandiika == Mamdani yeemalira mu kunoonyereza ku byobufuzi bya Afirika n'eby'ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw'amatwale]] [[:en:Postcolonialism|n'oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale]], n'ebyobufuzi by'ebyenfuna. Ebitabo bye byekenneenya enkolagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'ebyobuwangwa, okugeraageranya [[:en:Colonialism|okufugibwa kw'amatwale]] okuva mu 1452, ebyafaayo by'entalo z'omunda [[:en:Genocide|n'ekitta bantu]] mu Afirika, [[:en:Cold_War|Olutalo olw'Ensi Yonna olw'ebigambo]] [[:en:War_on_terror|n'olutalo ku butujju]], n'ebyafaayo by'eddembe ly'obuntu.<ref>vSneh, Itai Nartzizenfield (2008). [https://books.google.com/books?id=iax4AAAAMAAJ ''The Future Almost Arrived: How Jimmy Carter Failed to Change U.S. Foreign Policy''.] [[:en:Peter_Lang_(publishing_company)|Peter Lang]]. p. 169. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780820481852|9780820481852]]</bdi>.</ref> Okunoonyereza kwe okw'omwaka 2016 kwatandikira ku kitabo kye eky'omwaka 1996, [[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]. <ref>[http://polisci.columbia.edu/people/profile/96 "Mahmood Mamdani | Department of Political Science"]. ''polisci.columbia.edu''. Retrieved 21 January 2016.</ref>Mu kitabo ekyo, yagamba nti eggwanga eryafugibwa terisobola kutegeerwa nga tewekenenyeza bulungi eggwanga eryalifuga.Enkola y'obufuzi bw'amatwale mu Afirika yali eddamu okusoomoozebwa kw'ekibuuzo "ekikulu", era yagamba nti yafuuka "amawanga agaabuluziddwamu".<ref name=":0">Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. pp. 15–16. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|<bdi>9780852553992</bdi>.]]</ref>Kino kyali kikolebwa mu ngeri bbiri: ku ludda olumu nga bafuga butereevu, nga kino kyali kikolwa kya "buyinza" era nga kyali kigenderera okuggya abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo ku ddembe ly'obuntu eryali liweebwa abatuuze mu bitundu ebirala, ate ku ludda olulala nga bafuga mu ngeri etali y'abuteerevu, nga kino kyali kikolebwa mu byalo era nga kizingiramu okuyingiza "bannansi" mu "mateeka g'eggwanga" agaateekebwawo ab'obuyinza mu byalo, era nga kino yakiyita "obwannakyemalira obw'okugabanya obuyinza".<ref name=":0" /> Embeera eno yali "yakusika muguwa" era ng'erimu "engeri bbiri ez'obuyinza wansi w'obuyinza obumu".<ref name=":0" /> Oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale, ebibuga byali tebikyayawulamu bantu lwa langi naye ebyalo byali bikyafugibwa abakulembeze abaali mu nkwawa z'abafuzi b'amatwale, ka babe abakulembeze ab'ennono oba b'ebali bakwasizzaobuyinza nga balina ebiruubirirwa by'okufugisa omukono ogw'ekyuma.<ref>Clapham, Chris (1997). "Review: Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism by Mahmood Mamdani'". ''Royal Institute of International Affairs''. '''73''': 606.</ref>Mu ngeri eno obukulembeze bwonna bwaleeta enjawukana mu mawnga era n'ekutondawo obukulembeze bwabwe obw'enjawulo obwannakyemalira.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref> Mamdani yekennenya ebyafaayo mu South Africa ne Uganda okulaga nti obufuzi bw'amatwale bwakozesa obuyinza obuyitiridde era obuyinza obwo bweyongera okubaawo oluvannyuma lw'ameefuga.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. p. 37. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref>Ng’asomooza endowooza eza bulijjo ku busosoze mu South Afrika nga ez’enjawulo, agamba nti [[:en:Apartheid|obusosoze mu mawanga]] bwali ngeri ya bulijjo ey’ettwale lya Bulaaya mu Africa, nga lizingiramu ensonga [[:en:Indirect_rule|z’obufuzi obutali butereevu]] n’okukwatagana<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1 January 1996 |title=Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism |isbn=9780852553992 |pages=16–18}}</ref> Mu kitabo kye ekyafulumizibwa mu 2004 ekya ''Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: America, the Cold War, and the Roots of Terror'' Mamdani yagamba nti [[:en:Suicide_attack|abeetuze]] balina okumanyibwa "ng'ekika ky'omujaasi" era nti balina "okutegeerwa mu ngeri y'effujjo ly'ebyobufuzi ery'omulembe guno okusinga okuvumwavumwa ng'akabonero k'obukambwe". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bickerton |first=James |date=2025-07-11 |title=Zohran Mamdani's father's remark about suicide bombers comes under scrutiny |url=https://www.newsweek.com/zohran-mamdani-father-remark-about-suicide-bombers-comes-under-scrutiny-2097793 |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref> Omuyivu omu yagamba nti kino si kuwagira kwettisa bbomu wabula kwekenneenya okwanenya '"okusalawo kwa Amerika ku nkola y'ensonga z'ebweru naddala mu kiseera ky'olutalo olw'ebigambo", okutondawo embeera [[:en:Islamic_extremism|y'Obusiraamu obw'annalukalala]] [[:en:Political_violence|n'effujjo mu byobufuzi]] " mwe byakulaakulanira. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Murray |first=Conor |date=Jul 11, 2025 |title=Mahmood Mamdani's Work Does Not Advocate Violence, Expert Says |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/conormurray/2025/07/11/sequoias-maguire-unfairly-targets-zohran-mamdanis-father-fellow-academic-says/ |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko bye bifulumiddde mu ''[[:en:London_Review_of_Books|London Review of Books]]'' n'ekampuni ezifulumya ebitabo ebirala.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/contributors/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=London Review of Books |language=en-GB}}</ref> Okusinziira ku CAS, ebiwandiiko bya Mamdani "bibadde bikulu mu kusomebwa abayizi abali ku misomo gyabwe egya undergraduate ne Postgraduate ku UCT ssaako n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo ku nsoma y'ebyafaayo n'ebyobufuzi bya Afirika , nga banonyereza ku nkwatagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'obuwangwa, okugerageranya obufuzi bw'amatwale, entalo ez'omunda mu ggwanga n'ekittabantu mu Afirika".<ref name="uwn20182">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> == Emirimu gy'emirala == Okuva mu 1998 <ref name="bio22">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> oba 1999 okutuuka mu 2002, Mamdani yaweereza nga pulezidenti w'olukiiko olukulaakulanya okunoonyereza ku ssaayansi w'embeera z'abantu mu Afrika ([[:en:Council_for_the_Development_of_Social_Science_Research_in_Africa|Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa]]). <ref name="cas20182">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumineebiri 2001, yawa okwogera ku "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" mu lukungaana lwa [[:en:Nobel_Prize|Nobel Centennial Symposium]] e [[:en:Oslo|Oslo]], Norway. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 December 2001 |title=Speech by Dr. Mahmood Mamdani: "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/mediaplayer/index.php?id=1281 |access-date=24 March 2013 |publisher=Nobel Prize}}</ref> Mu Gwomwenda 2006, Mamdani yali omu ku boogezi abaayitibwa mu lukuŋŋaana lw’ekibiina kya [[:en:Ugandan_North_American_Association_(UNAA)|Uganda North American Association (UNAA)]] mu kibuga New York. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2006-09-05 |title=UNAA Convention was disorganised! |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/news/1141390/unaa-convention-disorganised |access-date=2026-02-18 |publisher=New Vision (Kampala)}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano 2011, mu kiseera ky'okwekalakaasa okwali mu kibangirizi kya Tahrir([[:en:Tahrir_Square_protests|Tahrir Square protests]]) mu kibuga [[:en:Cairo|Cairo]], Misiri, Mamdani yayitibwa okwogerako mu [[:en:American_University_of_Cairo|Yunivasite y’Amerika e Cairo]]. Ng’ayogera eri abayizi mu [[:en:University_of_KwaZulu-Natal|yunivasite y’e KwaZulu-Natal]] mu South Africa mu 2012, kino yakigeraageranya n’obwegugungo obwaliwo mu Soweto ([[:en:1976_Soweto_uprising|Soweto Uprising]]) mu 1976 . <ref name="kwazulu2012">{{Cite web |date=24 April 2012 |title=Address on Receiving an Honorary Doctorate at the University of Kwazulu Natal |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/mesaas/images/faculty/news/Mamdani%20commencement.pdf |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumi 2011, Mamdani (nga bali wamu ne Rhoda Ann Kanaaneh) y'eyali omwogezi omukulu mu lukungaana lw’eggwanga olwasooka olw’abayizi olwa [[:en:Students_for_Justice_in_Palestine|Students for Justice in Palestine]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Silver |first=Carly |date=2011-10-16 |title=Reporting live from the first-ever SJP National Conference |url=https://newvoices.org/2011/10/15/reporting-live-from-the-first-ever-sjp-national-conference/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=New Voices |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nathan-Kazis |first=Josh |date=2011-10-11 |title=Pro-Palestinian Student Activists Plan First National Conference |url=https://forward.com/news/144173/pro-palestinian-student-activists-plan-push/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=The Forward |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2017 yayitibwa okuwa omusomo ku lunaku lwa [[:en:TB_Davie_Memorial_Lecture|TB Davie Memorial]] ku ddembe ly'okusoma mu Yunivasite y'e Cape Town, era emboozi ye, eyatuumibwa "Decolonising the Post-Colonial University" yaleetawo okukubaganya ebirowoozo kungi. <ref name="uwn20183">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="davis20172">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> Okuva mu Gwekkumineebiri 2017 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2018, Mamdani yaweereza nga Rajni Kothari Chair Professor mu [[:en:Centre_for_the_Study_of_Developing_Societies|Center for the Study of Developing Societies]] mu [[:en:Delhi|Delhi,]] Buyindi. Oluvannyuma lw'ekisanja kye okuggwako, nga 4 Ogwokuna 2018 yawa omusomo gwa Rajni Kothari Chair ogutegekebwa buli mwaka, ogwatuumibwa "Okulowooza ku bwenkanya okuyita mu bumanyirivu bw'Afirika mu kyasa eky'amakumi abiri". <ref name="csds2">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Alabikidde mu firimu z’ebyafaayo ng’omukugu okugeza, ''[[:en:Rwanda:_The_Untold_Story|Rwanda: The Untold Story]]'' (2014, [[:en:BBC|BBC]] ), ''The Dictator’s Playbook'' (2018, [[:en:PBS|PBS]] ) ne ''[[:en:How_to_Become_a_Tyrant|How to Become a Tyrant]]'' (2021, [[:en:Netflix|Netflix]]). <ref>{{Cite AV media|url=https://www.pbs.org/video/idi-amin-3ol3rz/|title=The Dictator's Playbook {{!}} Idi Amin {{!}} Episode 6|language=en|publisher=[[PBS]]|via=}}</ref> Yalabikira mu firimu ya [[:en:Cameo_appearance|cameo]] ,mu firimu ya 2012 ''eya [[:en:The_Reluctant_Fundamentalist_(film)|The Reluctant Fundamentalist]]'', eyakulemberwamu mukyala we. <ref>{{Cite AV media|title=[[The Reluctant Fundamentalist]]|date=2012|last=Nair|first=Mira|publisher=[[IFC Films]]}}</ref> Mu 2024, yeegatta ku kkooti ya Gaza Tribunal, egenderera "okuzuukusa ebibiina by'obwannakyewa ku buvunaanyizibwa bwabyo n'omukisa gw'okukomya ekittabantu kya Yisirayiri mu Gaza." <ref>{{Cite web |title=Home |url=https://gazatribunal.com/ |access-date=2025-12-07 |website=Gaza Tribunal |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title='Gaza Tribunal' established in London to seek justice for war crimes in Gaza |url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/europe/-gaza-tribunal-established-in-london-to-seek-justice-for-war-crimes-in-gaza/3383887 |access-date=2026-01-07 |website=www.aa.com.tr}}</ref> == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 3ms39zmf0pzvjmmfkwte0dlwoa1wo8i 48689 48688 2026-05-03T09:36:25Z Charles Kalanzi 9748 48689 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mahmood Mamdani''' [ a ] FBA (yazaalibwa 23 Ogwokuna 1946) munnayuganda [[:en:Anthropologist|omukugu mu by'enkula y'abantu]], munnaby'anjigiriza, era omukugu mu by'obufuzi. Ye Herbert Lehman Pulofeesa wa Gavumenti era pulofeesa w’ensonga z'ekikula ky'abantu, [[:en:Political_science|ssaayansi w’ebyobufuzi]], n’okunoonyereza [[:en:African_studies|ku nsoma y'Afirika]] mu [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]] . Era akola nga Ccansala wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda, era nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa ku Center for African Studis mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y'e Cape Town]] . Emabegako yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole kya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. Mamdani mukugu mu kusoma ebyobufuzi bya Afrika n’ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw’amatwale]] n’oluvannyuma [[:en:Postcolonialism|lw'obufuzi bw’amatwale]], n’ebyobufuzi [[:en:Knowledge_economy|by’ebyenfuna]] . Mufumbo nga mukazi we ye [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]] omuzannyi wa firimu . Ye ne Nair be bazadde ba [[:en:New_York_City_Mayor|Meeya w'ekibuga New York]] [[Zohran Mamdani]] . == Obuto bwe n’okusoma == Mahmood Mamdani yazaalibwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1946 mu [[:en:Bombay|kibuga Bombay]] (kati Mumbai), Buyindi, ng’ebula omwaka gumu [[:en:British_Raj|enfuga ya Bungereza]] ekome. <ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/education/news/mahmood-mamdani-education-and-career-path-how-zohran-mamdanis-father-built-a-legacy-of-revolution-through-ideas-and-exile/articleshow/122064130.cms "Mahmood Mamdani education and career path: How Zohran Mamdani's father built a legacy of revolution through ideas and exile"]. ''The Times of India''. 25 June 2025. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN&nbsp;]][https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-8257 0971-825]7. Retrieved 13 July 2025.</ref> <ref name="codesria">{{Cite web |title=Pr. Mahmood Mamdani (1998-2002) |url=https://codesria.org/pr-mahmood-mamdani-1998-2002/ |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> Yakulira mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=23 February 2021 |title=Mahmood Mamdani on Uganda |url=https://africasacountry.com/2011/04/mamdani-on-uganda |website=Africa is a Country}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Permanent Minorities and the Politics of Survivors: A conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://worldpeacefoundation.org/blog/permanent-minorities-and-the-politics-of-survivors-a-conversation-with-mahmood-mamdani/ |website=World Peace Foundation}}</ref> ng'omu ku [[:en:Indian_diaspora_in_Southeast_Africa|Bayindi ababundabunda mu bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba bwa Afrika]] . Bazadde be bombi, [[:en:Gujarati_Muslim|basiraamu Abagujarati]], baazaalibwa era ne bakulira mu kitundu kya Bungereza eky'amatwale ki [[:en:Tanganyika_Territory|Tanganyika]] (leero Tanzania). Abafumbo bano baagenda e Bombay olwo kitaawe n’asomerayo mu ttendekero ekkulu. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Chen |first=Kuan-Hsing |last2=Gao |first2=Shiming |last3=Tang |first3=Xiaolin |date=2016 |title=The formation of an African intellectual: an interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |journal=Inter-Asia Cultural Studies |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=456–480 |doi=10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref>Muhoozi, Mourice (6 March 2022). [https://www.watchdoguganda.com/news/20220306/131449/meet-ugandas-most-iconic-academician-prof-mahmood-mamdani.html "Meet Uganda's most Iconic academician, Prof. Mahmood Mamdani"]. ''Watchdog Uganda''</ref> Famire yaddayo e [[:en:Dar_es_Salaam|Dar es Salaam]], Tanganyika, nga Mamdani wa myaka ebiri, ne bagenda e Uganda nga wa myaka etaano oba mukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Mu kiseera ekyo, Uganda yali yayawulwamu okusinziira ku mawanga, omuli abantu gye babeera, amasomero, emizikiti, n’ebifo abaana we bazannyira. Okusoma kwe mu pulayimale, Mamdani yasooka kugenda mu [[:en:Madrasa|madarasa]], n’oluvannyuma mu Government Indian Primary School. <ref name=":8"/> Yakula ng'ayogera [[:en:Gujarati_language|Olugujarati]], [[:en:Urdu|Oluurdu]] [[:en:Swahili_language|n'Oluswayiri]] . Yatandika okusoma Olungereza mu kibiina eky’omukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Oluvannyuma lw’okusoma siniya ey’awansi, yasomera ku Old Kampala Senior Secondary School, gye yali omuwandiisi w’ekibiina kya Do-it-Yourself Physics. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uganda: Buganda And Uganda At Crossroads |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090826030635/http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |archive-date=26 August 2009 |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=AllAfrica}}</ref> Mamdani yali omu ku bayizi Bannayuganda 23 abaali mu kibiina kya [[:en:The_Kennedy_Airlift|Kennedy Airlift]] mu 1963, enteekateeka ya sikaala eyaweebwa ssente okuva mu Amerika eyaleetera ebikumi n’ebikumi by'abayizi okuva mu [[:en:East_Africa|Buvanjuba bwa Afrika]] okusomera ku yunivasite mu Amerika ne Canada wakati wa 1959 ne 1963. <ref name="indian tele">{{Cite web |last=Sen |first=Manjula |date=25 January 2009 |title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |archive-date=2 February 2009 |access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref> Mamdani yatikkirwa diguli ya Bachelor of Arts okuva mu [[:en:University_of_Pittsburgh|Yunivasite y’e Pittsburgh]] <ref name="codesria"/> mu 1967. <ref>{{Cite book |date=1 January 2010 |title=International Encyclopedia of Civil Society |url=https://link.springer.com/referencework/10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |vauthors=((Anheier, H. K.)), ((Toepler, S.)) |publisher=Springer US |isbn=978-0-387-93994-0 |editor-last=Anheier |editor-first=Helmut K. |doi=10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |editor-last2=Toepler |editor-first2=Stefan}}</ref> Yali omu ku bayizi abangi mu bukiikakkono bwa Amerika abaali mu lugendo lwa bbaasi mu bukiikaddyo okutuuka e [[:en:Montgomery,_Alabama|Montgomery, Alabama]], olwategekebwa [[:en:Student_Nonviolent_Coordinating_Committee|akakiiko akakwasaganya abayizi abatali ba ffujjo]] mu Gwokusatu 1965 okwetaba mu kaweefube w'okulwanirira [[:en:Civil_rights_movement|eddembe ly’obuntu]] . Kino kyaliwo mu kiseera ky’okutambula okuva e [[:en:Selma_to_Montgomery_marches|Selma okutuuka e Montgomery]], naye nga kyo kya njawulo. Yasibibwa mu kkomera mu kutambula kuno era n’akkirizibwa okukuba essimu. Mamdani yakubira [[:en:Embassy_of_Uganda,_Washington,_D.C.|omubaka wa Uganda]] e [[:en:Washington,_DC|Washington, DC]], amuyambe. Omubaka yamubuuza lwaki "ayingirira ensonga z'omunda mu nsi engwira", n'amuddamu nti teyali nsonga ya munda wabula olutalo lw'eddembe era nti nabo eddembe lyabwe baali bakalifuna omwaka ogwakaggwa. <ref name="pambazuka">{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=28 April 2007 |title=The Asian question again: A reflection |url=http://www.pambazuka.org/en/category/comment/41273 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]] (Uganda) |via=pambazuka.org}}</ref> Amangu ddala nga wayiseewo akaseera katono, Mamdani yategeera ku mulimu gwa [[:en:Karl_Marx|Karl Marx]] okuva mu kukyala kwe ku FBI. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Shringarpure |first=Bhakti |author-link=Bhakti Shringarpure |date=15 July 2013 |title=In Conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.warscapes.com/conversations/conversation-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=6 November 2017 |website=Warscapes |language=en |quote=I thought the guy Marx had just died. […] So that was my introduction to Karl Marx.}}</ref> Yasomera ku [[:en:Fletcher_School_of_Law_and_Diplomacy|Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy]] mu [[:en:Tufts_University|Yunivasite ya Tufts]] era mu 1968 yatikkirwa diguli ya Master of Arts mu [[:en:Political_science|byobufuzi]] ne Master of Arts mu mateeka ne diplomacy mu 1969. Yafuna diguli ye [[:en:Doctor_of_philosophy|eyookusatu]] mu gavumenti okuva mu [[:en:Harvard_University|Yunivasite y'e Harvard]] mu 1974, wansi w’obulagirizi bwa [[:en:Karl_Deutsch|Karl Deutsch]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and class formation in Uganda |url=http://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=978-0-85345-378-9 |location=New York |via=Internet Archive}}</ref> Omulamwa kw'eyatambuliza ddiguli ye eyookusatu yagiwa omutwe "''Politics and Class Formation in Uganda."'' <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and Class Formation in Uganda |url=https://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=0-85345-378-0 |location=New York |oclc=2073894 |url-access=registration}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Allen |first=Judith Van |last2=Mamdani |first2=Mahmood |last3=Shivji |first3=Issa G. |date=November 1977 |title=Reviewed Works: Politics and Class Formation in Uganda. by Mahmood Mamdani; Class Struggles in Tanzania. by Issa G. Shivji |journal=Contemporary Sociology |publisher=American Sociological Association |volume=6 |issue=6 |pages=702 |doi=10.2307/2066367 |issn=0094-3061 |eissn=1939-8638 |jstor=2066367}}</ref> == Emirimu gye == Mamdani yakomawo mu Uganda ku ntandikwa ya 1972 era naweebwa omulimu ku [[Makerere University, Uganda|yunivasite y'e Makerere]] mu Kampala [[:en:Teaching_assistant|ng'ayambako omusomesa]], mu kiseera kye kimu yali akola ku kunoonyereza kwe okwa ddiguli eyookusatu. . Ye n’Abaasia abasinga obungi [[:en:Expulsion_of_Asians_from_Uganda|baagobebwa]] mu Uganda ku nkomerero y’omwaka ogwo [[Idi Amin]] olw’amawanga gaabwe; Amin yali agenderera "kuzzaawo" bizinensi n'ebintu. Mamdani yava mu Uganda n’agenda mu nkambi y’ababundabunda mu Bungereza ku ntandikwa y'omwezi Gwekkuminoogumu. <ref name="lrb2022">{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2022-10-06 |title=The Asian Question |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v44/n19/mahmood-mamdani/the-asian-question |journal=[[London Review of Books]] |language=en |volume=44 |issue=19 |issn=0260-9592 |access-date=2025-09-08}}</ref> Yava e Bungereza mu makkati ga 1973 oluvannyuma lw’okuyingizibwa mu [[:en:University_of_Dar_es_Salaam|Yunivasite y’e Dar es Salaam]] mu Tanzania. <ref name="pambazuka"/> <ref name="cas2018">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> <ref name="bio2">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> Mu Dar es Salaam, yamaliriza okuwandiika dissertation ye. Yali mujjumbize nnyo n’ebibiina ebiwakanya Amin. Mu 1979, yeetaba mu Ttabamiruka w’e Moshi ng’omutunuulizi. Yaddayo mu Uganda oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa ku bukulembeze oluvannyuma lw'olutalo lwa [[Olutalo lwa Uganda ne Tanzania|Uganda ne Tanzania]] mu 1979. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McCormack |first=Pete |date=17 October 2005 |title=Interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.petemccormack.com/interview_mamdani_001.htm |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=petemccormack.com}}</ref> <ref name="bio2" /> Mu kiseera kino, yakozesebwa ng'omutendeke mu kibiina kya [[:en:All_Africa_Conference_of_Churches|All Africa Conference of Churches]], omukago [[:en:Ecumenical_Christian|gw'Abakristaayo ogw'ensi yonna]] ogusangibwa e [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, ng'akolera mu ofiisi [[:en:Church_of_Uganda|y'Ekkanisa ya Uganda]] mu Kampala. <ref name="lrb2022"/> Okuva mu 1980 (oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa mu ntebe mu 1979) okutuuka mu 1993 yaddamu okukolera yunivasite y’e Makerere. <ref name="bio2"/> <ref name="lrb2022"/>​[[Milton Obote|​]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kagolo |first=Francis |date=8 February 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani to be honoured among Africa's best |url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/628869-prof-mamdani-to-be-honoured-among-africa-s-best.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]]}}</ref> Yaddayo e Dar es Salaam. Oluvannyuma lwa Obote okugobwa mu ntebe omulundi ogwokubiri, Mamdani yaddamu okudda mu Uganda mu Gwomukaaga 1986. <ref name="indian tele"/> Yali dayirekita eyatandikawo ekitongole kya Centre for Basic Research (CBR), ekitongole kya Uganda ekitali kya gavumenti ekyasooka mu kunoonyereza, mwe yaweereza okuva mu 1987 okutuuka mu 1996. <ref name="diaspora">{{Cite web |date=29 November 2012 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012 |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=ugandandiaspora.com}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> <ref name="csds">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Yaliko pulofeesa omugenyi ku [[:en:University_of_Durban-Westville|Yunivasite y’e Durban]] - [[:en:Westville,_KwaZulu-Natal|Westville]] mu South Africa (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka mu Gwomukaaga 1993), ku [[:en:Nehru_Memorial_Museum_&_Library|Nehru Memorial Museum & Library]] e New Delhi (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka Gwomukaaga 1995), ne mu [[:en:Princeton_University|Yunivasite y'e Princeton]] (1995–96). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vance |first=Dara |date=2015-11-20 |title=UK Committee on Social Theory Hosts Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://uknow.uky.edu/uk-happenings/uk-committee-social-theory-hosts-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=UKNow}}</ref> Mu 1996, yalondebwa okubeera omukulembeze w’entebe ya [[:en:Archibald_Campbell_Jordan|AC Jordan]] ey'ensoma y'Afirika mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y’e Cape Town]], <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 March 2011 |title=UCT in war over 'bantu education' |url=http://mg.co.za/article/2011-03-11-uct-in-war-over-bantu-education |access-date=22 March 2013}}</ref> era ku ntandikwa ya 1997 n’afuuka akulira [[:en:Centre_for_African_Studies|ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku by'ensoma y'Afirika]] (CAS). <ref name="uwn2018">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> Yavaawo oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obutakkaanya n'abasomesa (abasinga obungi abazungu) ku bbago ly'ensoma ye ey'omusomo ogw'omusingi ku Afrika oguyitibwa "Problematising Africa". <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=June 1, 1998 |title=Is African studies to be turned into a new home for Bantu education at UCT? |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/02533959808458649 |journal=Social Dynamics |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=63–75 |doi=10.1080/02533959808458649 |issn=0253-3952 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> Mamdani, eyalaga nti ensoma eriwo eya " [[:en:Bantu_Education_Act,_1953|Bantu studies]] " (mu kujjuliza ku kusomesa Abaddugavu wansi w'enfuga [[:en:Apartheid|y'obusosoze]] ) <ref name="cas2018" /> yayimirizibwa era okukkakkana ng'alekulidde. <ref name="davis2017">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> "Ensonga ya Mamdani" ekyayogerwako mu kukubaganya ebirowoozo ku [[:en:Decolonization_of_higher_education_in_South_Africa|kununula amatendekero aga waggulu okuva mu nsoma y'abamatwale]] . Oluvannyuma yagamba nti teyalina busungu ku muntu yenna, era yalina enkolagana ennungi ekiseera kye yamalayo. Yagamba nti obutakwatagana bwali ku njawulo mu ndowooza n'addala ensengeka y’ensoma ku bikwata ku kusoma South Africa ng’ensi ya Afrika. Oluvannyuma (2018) yakomezebwawo nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa asuutibwa. [ b ] <ref name="uwn2018" /> Mu 1999, Mamdani yalondebwa okuba dayirekita w’ekitongole ekikola ku by’okunoonyereza ku Afirika mu yunivasite ya Columbia, ekifo kye yalina okutuusa mu 2004. <ref name="uwn2018"/> Okuva olwo abadde asomesa eyo (nga 2025). <ref name="haag2025">{{Cite web |last=Haag |first=Matthew |last2=Goldberg |first2=Emma |date=27 June 2025 |title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |archive-date=7 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku mbeera z’abantu ekya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=18 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University]] |archive-date=2 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002055113/http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Agaba |first=John |title=Mamdani talks about his research legacy and work at Makerere |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20220329112608625 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="bio2"/> Okutuuka mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2025 [[:en:Columbia_University#Academics|pulofeesa wa Herbert Lehman mu Gavumenti]] era pulofeesa ku nkula y'abantu, okusoma saayansi w'ebyobufuzi [[:en:African_studies|n'okusoma ku Afirika]] ku [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]].<ref name="bio2" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Faculty Bio: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/anthropology/fac-bios/mamdani/faculty.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Era akola nga chancellor wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://kiu.ac.ug/news-page.php?i=press-release-kampala-international-university-kiu-appoints-prof-mahmood-mamdani-as-chancellor |access-date=24 August 2020 |publisher=[[Kampala International University]]}}</ref> == Okunoonyereza n'okuwandiika == Mamdani yeemalira mu kunoonyereza ku byobufuzi bya Afirika n'eby'ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw'amatwale]] [[:en:Postcolonialism|n'oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale]], n'ebyobufuzi by'ebyenfuna. Ebitabo bye byekenneenya enkolagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'ebyobuwangwa, okugeraageranya [[:en:Colonialism|okufugibwa kw'amatwale]] okuva mu 1452, ebyafaayo by'entalo z'omunda [[:en:Genocide|n'ekitta bantu]] mu Afirika, [[:en:Cold_War|Olutalo olw'Ensi Yonna olw'ebigambo]] [[:en:War_on_terror|n'olutalo ku butujju]], n'ebyafaayo by'eddembe ly'obuntu.<ref>vSneh, Itai Nartzizenfield (2008). [https://books.google.com/books?id=iax4AAAAMAAJ ''The Future Almost Arrived: How Jimmy Carter Failed to Change U.S. Foreign Policy''.] [[:en:Peter_Lang_(publishing_company)|Peter Lang]]. p. 169. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780820481852|9780820481852]]</bdi>.</ref> Okunoonyereza kwe okw'omwaka 2016 kwatandikira ku kitabo kye eky'omwaka 1996, [[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]. <ref>[http://polisci.columbia.edu/people/profile/96 "Mahmood Mamdani | Department of Political Science"]. ''polisci.columbia.edu''. Retrieved 21 January 2016.</ref>Mu kitabo ekyo, yagamba nti eggwanga eryafugibwa terisobola kutegeerwa nga tewekenenyeza bulungi eggwanga eryalifuga.Enkola y'obufuzi bw'amatwale mu Afirika yali eddamu okusoomoozebwa kw'ekibuuzo "ekikulu", era yagamba nti yafuuka "amawanga agaabuluziddwamu".<ref name=":0">Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. pp. 15–16. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|<bdi>9780852553992</bdi>.]]</ref>Kino kyali kikolebwa mu ngeri bbiri: ku ludda olumu nga bafuga butereevu, nga kino kyali kikolwa kya "buyinza" era nga kyali kigenderera okuggya abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo ku ddembe ly'obuntu eryali liweebwa abatuuze mu bitundu ebirala, ate ku ludda olulala nga bafuga mu ngeri etali y'abuteerevu, nga kino kyali kikolebwa mu byalo era nga kizingiramu okuyingiza "bannansi" mu "mateeka g'eggwanga" agaateekebwawo ab'obuyinza mu byalo, era nga kino yakiyita "obwannakyemalira obw'okugabanya obuyinza".<ref name=":0" /> Embeera eno yali "yakusika muguwa" era ng'erimu "engeri bbiri ez'obuyinza wansi w'obuyinza obumu".<ref name=":0" /> Oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale, ebibuga byali tebikyayawulamu bantu lwa langi naye ebyalo byali bikyafugibwa abakulembeze abaali mu nkwawa z'abafuzi b'amatwale, ka babe abakulembeze ab'ennono oba b'ebali bakwasizzaobuyinza nga balina ebiruubirirwa by'okufugisa omukono ogw'ekyuma.<ref>Clapham, Chris (1997). "Review: Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism by Mahmood Mamdani'". ''Royal Institute of International Affairs''. '''73''': 606.</ref>Mu ngeri eno obukulembeze bwonna bwaleeta enjawukana mu mawnga era n'ekutondawo obukulembeze bwabwe obw'enjawulo obwannakyemalira.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref> Mamdani yekennenya ebyafaayo mu South Africa ne Uganda okulaga nti obufuzi bw'amatwale bwakozesa obuyinza obuyitiridde era obuyinza obwo bweyongera okubaawo oluvannyuma lw'ameefuga.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. p. 37. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref>Ng’asomooza endowooza eza bulijjo ku busosoze mu South Afrika nga ez’enjawulo, agamba nti [[:en:Apartheid|obusosoze mu mawanga]] bwali ngeri ya bulijjo ey’ettwale lya Bulaaya mu Africa, nga lizingiramu ensonga [[:en:Indirect_rule|z’obufuzi obutali butereevu]] n’okukwatagana<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1 January 1996 |title=Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism |isbn=9780852553992 |pages=16–18}}</ref> Mu kitabo kye ekyafulumizibwa mu 2004 ekya ''Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: America, the Cold War, and the Roots of Terror'' Mamdani yagamba nti [[:en:Suicide_attack|abeetuze]] balina okumanyibwa "ng'ekika ky'omujaasi" era nti balina "okutegeerwa mu ngeri y'effujjo ly'ebyobufuzi ery'omulembe guno okusinga okuvumwavumwa ng'akabonero k'obukambwe". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bickerton |first=James |date=2025-07-11 |title=Zohran Mamdani's father's remark about suicide bombers comes under scrutiny |url=https://www.newsweek.com/zohran-mamdani-father-remark-about-suicide-bombers-comes-under-scrutiny-2097793 |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref> Omuyivu omu yagamba nti kino si kuwagira kwettisa bbomu wabula kwekenneenya okwanenya '"okusalawo kwa Amerika ku nkola y'ensonga z'ebweru naddala mu kiseera ky'olutalo olw'ebigambo", okutondawo embeera [[:en:Islamic_extremism|y'Obusiraamu obw'annalukalala]] [[:en:Political_violence|n'effujjo mu byobufuzi]] " mwe byakulaakulanira. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Murray |first=Conor |date=Jul 11, 2025 |title=Mahmood Mamdani's Work Does Not Advocate Violence, Expert Says |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/conormurray/2025/07/11/sequoias-maguire-unfairly-targets-zohran-mamdanis-father-fellow-academic-says/ |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko bye bifulumiddde mu ''[[:en:London_Review_of_Books|London Review of Books]]'' n'ekampuni ezifulumya ebitabo ebirala.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/contributors/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=London Review of Books |language=en-GB}}</ref> Okusinziira ku CAS, ebiwandiiko bya Mamdani "bibadde bikulu mu kusomebwa abayizi abali ku misomo gyabwe egya undergraduate ne Postgraduate ku UCT ssaako n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo ku nsoma y'ebyafaayo n'ebyobufuzi bya Afirika , nga banonyereza ku nkwatagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'obuwangwa, okugerageranya obufuzi bw'amatwale, entalo ez'omunda mu ggwanga n'ekittabantu mu Afirika".<ref name="uwn20182">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> == Emirimu gy'emirala == Okuva mu 1998 <ref name="bio22">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> oba 1999 okutuuka mu 2002, Mamdani yaweereza nga pulezidenti w'olukiiko olukulaakulanya okunoonyereza ku ssaayansi w'embeera z'abantu mu Afrika ([[:en:Council_for_the_Development_of_Social_Science_Research_in_Africa|Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa]]). <ref name="cas20182">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumineebiri 2001, yawa okwogera ku "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" mu lukungaana lwa [[:en:Nobel_Prize|Nobel Centennial Symposium]] e [[:en:Oslo|Oslo]], Norway. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 December 2001 |title=Speech by Dr. Mahmood Mamdani: "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/mediaplayer/index.php?id=1281 |access-date=24 March 2013 |publisher=Nobel Prize}}</ref> Mu Gwomwenda 2006, Mamdani yali omu ku boogezi abaayitibwa mu lukuŋŋaana lw’ekibiina kya [[:en:Ugandan_North_American_Association_(UNAA)|Uganda North American Association (UNAA)]] mu kibuga New York. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2006-09-05 |title=UNAA Convention was disorganised! |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/news/1141390/unaa-convention-disorganised |access-date=2026-02-18 |publisher=New Vision (Kampala)}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano 2011, mu kiseera ky'okwekalakaasa okwali mu kibangirizi kya Tahrir([[:en:Tahrir_Square_protests|Tahrir Square protests]]) mu kibuga [[:en:Cairo|Cairo]], Misiri, Mamdani yayitibwa okwogerako mu [[:en:American_University_of_Cairo|Yunivasite y’Amerika e Cairo]]. Ng’ayogera eri abayizi mu [[:en:University_of_KwaZulu-Natal|yunivasite y’e KwaZulu-Natal]] mu South Africa mu 2012, kino yakigeraageranya n’obwegugungo obwaliwo mu Soweto ([[:en:1976_Soweto_uprising|Soweto Uprising]]) mu 1976 . <ref name="kwazulu2012">{{Cite web |date=24 April 2012 |title=Address on Receiving an Honorary Doctorate at the University of Kwazulu Natal |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/mesaas/images/faculty/news/Mamdani%20commencement.pdf |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumi 2011, Mamdani (nga bali wamu ne Rhoda Ann Kanaaneh) y'eyali omwogezi omukulu mu lukungaana lw’eggwanga olwasooka olw’abayizi olwa [[:en:Students_for_Justice_in_Palestine|Students for Justice in Palestine]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Silver |first=Carly |date=2011-10-16 |title=Reporting live from the first-ever SJP National Conference |url=https://newvoices.org/2011/10/15/reporting-live-from-the-first-ever-sjp-national-conference/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=New Voices |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nathan-Kazis |first=Josh |date=2011-10-11 |title=Pro-Palestinian Student Activists Plan First National Conference |url=https://forward.com/news/144173/pro-palestinian-student-activists-plan-push/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=The Forward |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2017 yayitibwa okuwa omusomo ku lunaku lwa [[:en:TB_Davie_Memorial_Lecture|TB Davie Memorial]] ku ddembe ly'okusoma mu Yunivasite y'e Cape Town, era emboozi ye, eyatuumibwa "Decolonising the Post-Colonial University" yaleetawo okukubaganya ebirowoozo kungi. <ref name="uwn20183">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="davis20172">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> Okuva mu Gwekkumineebiri 2017 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2018, Mamdani yaweereza nga Rajni Kothari Chair Professor mu [[:en:Centre_for_the_Study_of_Developing_Societies|Center for the Study of Developing Societies]] mu [[:en:Delhi|Delhi,]] Buyindi. Oluvannyuma lw'ekisanja kye okuggwako, nga 4 Ogwokuna 2018 yawa omusomo gwa Rajni Kothari Chair ogutegekebwa buli mwaka, ogwatuumibwa "Okulowooza ku bwenkanya okuyita mu bumanyirivu bw'Afirika mu kyasa eky'amakumi abiri". <ref name="csds2">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Alabikidde mu firimu z’ebyafaayo ng’omukugu okugeza, ''[[:en:Rwanda:_The_Untold_Story|Rwanda: The Untold Story]]'' (2014, [[:en:BBC|BBC]] ), ''The Dictator’s Playbook'' (2018, [[:en:PBS|PBS]] ) ne ''[[:en:How_to_Become_a_Tyrant|How to Become a Tyrant]]'' (2021, [[:en:Netflix|Netflix]]). <ref>{{Cite AV media|url=https://www.pbs.org/video/idi-amin-3ol3rz/|title=The Dictator's Playbook {{!}} Idi Amin {{!}} Episode 6|language=en|publisher=[[PBS]]|via=}}</ref> Yalabikira mu firimu ya [[:en:Cameo_appearance|cameo]] ,mu firimu ya 2012 ''eya [[:en:The_Reluctant_Fundamentalist_(film)|The Reluctant Fundamentalist]]'', eyakulemberwamu mukyala we. <ref>{{Cite AV media|title=[[The Reluctant Fundamentalist]]|date=2012|last=Nair|first=Mira|publisher=[[IFC Films]]}}</ref> Mu 2024, yeegatta ku [[:en:Gaza_tribunal|Gaza Tribunal]], eyagenderera "okuzuukusa ebibiina by'obwannakyewa ku buvunaanyizibwa bwabyo n'okukomya ekittabantu kya Yisirayiri mu Gaza." <ref>{{Cite web |title=Home |url=https://gazatribunal.com/ |access-date=2025-12-07 |website=Gaza Tribunal |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title='Gaza Tribunal' established in London to seek justice for war crimes in Gaza |url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/europe/-gaza-tribunal-established-in-london-to-seek-justice-for-war-crimes-in-gaza/3383887 |access-date=2026-01-07 |website=www.aa.com.tr}}</ref> == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] se3jdc1dy7tigk1vpbzik5riq0ml4z1 48690 48689 2026-05-03T09:40:19Z Charles Kalanzi 9748 Mpandiise omutwe 48690 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mahmood Mamdani''' [ a ] FBA (yazaalibwa 23 Ogwokuna 1946) munnayuganda [[:en:Anthropologist|omukugu mu by'enkula y'abantu]], munnaby'anjigiriza, era omukugu mu by'obufuzi. Ye Herbert Lehman Pulofeesa wa Gavumenti era pulofeesa w’ensonga z'ekikula ky'abantu, [[:en:Political_science|ssaayansi w’ebyobufuzi]], n’okunoonyereza [[:en:African_studies|ku nsoma y'Afirika]] mu [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]] . Era akola nga Ccansala wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda, era nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa ku Center for African Studis mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y'e Cape Town]] . Emabegako yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole kya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. Mamdani mukugu mu kusoma ebyobufuzi bya Afrika n’ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw’amatwale]] n’oluvannyuma [[:en:Postcolonialism|lw'obufuzi bw’amatwale]], n’ebyobufuzi [[:en:Knowledge_economy|by’ebyenfuna]] . Mufumbo nga mukazi we ye [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]] omuzannyi wa firimu . Ye ne Nair be bazadde ba [[:en:New_York_City_Mayor|Meeya w'ekibuga New York]] [[Zohran Mamdani]] . == Obuto bwe n’okusoma == Mahmood Mamdani yazaalibwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1946 mu [[:en:Bombay|kibuga Bombay]] (kati Mumbai), Buyindi, ng’ebula omwaka gumu [[:en:British_Raj|enfuga ya Bungereza]] ekome. <ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/education/news/mahmood-mamdani-education-and-career-path-how-zohran-mamdanis-father-built-a-legacy-of-revolution-through-ideas-and-exile/articleshow/122064130.cms "Mahmood Mamdani education and career path: How Zohran Mamdani's father built a legacy of revolution through ideas and exile"]. ''The Times of India''. 25 June 2025. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN&nbsp;]][https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-8257 0971-825]7. Retrieved 13 July 2025.</ref> <ref name="codesria">{{Cite web |title=Pr. Mahmood Mamdani (1998-2002) |url=https://codesria.org/pr-mahmood-mamdani-1998-2002/ |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> Yakulira mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=23 February 2021 |title=Mahmood Mamdani on Uganda |url=https://africasacountry.com/2011/04/mamdani-on-uganda |website=Africa is a Country}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Permanent Minorities and the Politics of Survivors: A conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://worldpeacefoundation.org/blog/permanent-minorities-and-the-politics-of-survivors-a-conversation-with-mahmood-mamdani/ |website=World Peace Foundation}}</ref> ng'omu ku [[:en:Indian_diaspora_in_Southeast_Africa|Bayindi ababundabunda mu bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba bwa Afrika]] . Bazadde be bombi, [[:en:Gujarati_Muslim|basiraamu Abagujarati]], baazaalibwa era ne bakulira mu kitundu kya Bungereza eky'amatwale ki [[:en:Tanganyika_Territory|Tanganyika]] (leero Tanzania). Abafumbo bano baagenda e Bombay olwo kitaawe n’asomerayo mu ttendekero ekkulu. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Chen |first=Kuan-Hsing |last2=Gao |first2=Shiming |last3=Tang |first3=Xiaolin |date=2016 |title=The formation of an African intellectual: an interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |journal=Inter-Asia Cultural Studies |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=456–480 |doi=10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref>Muhoozi, Mourice (6 March 2022). [https://www.watchdoguganda.com/news/20220306/131449/meet-ugandas-most-iconic-academician-prof-mahmood-mamdani.html "Meet Uganda's most Iconic academician, Prof. Mahmood Mamdani"]. ''Watchdog Uganda''</ref> Famire yaddayo e [[:en:Dar_es_Salaam|Dar es Salaam]], Tanganyika, nga Mamdani wa myaka ebiri, ne bagenda e Uganda nga wa myaka etaano oba mukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Mu kiseera ekyo, Uganda yali yayawulwamu okusinziira ku mawanga, omuli abantu gye babeera, amasomero, emizikiti, n’ebifo abaana we bazannyira. Okusoma kwe mu pulayimale, Mamdani yasooka kugenda mu [[:en:Madrasa|madarasa]], n’oluvannyuma mu Government Indian Primary School. <ref name=":8"/> Yakula ng'ayogera [[:en:Gujarati_language|Olugujarati]], [[:en:Urdu|Oluurdu]] [[:en:Swahili_language|n'Oluswayiri]] . Yatandika okusoma Olungereza mu kibiina eky’omukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Oluvannyuma lw’okusoma siniya ey’awansi, yasomera ku Old Kampala Senior Secondary School, gye yali omuwandiisi w’ekibiina kya Do-it-Yourself Physics. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uganda: Buganda And Uganda At Crossroads |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090826030635/http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |archive-date=26 August 2009 |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=AllAfrica}}</ref> Mamdani yali omu ku bayizi Bannayuganda 23 abaali mu kibiina kya [[:en:The_Kennedy_Airlift|Kennedy Airlift]] mu 1963, enteekateeka ya sikaala eyaweebwa ssente okuva mu Amerika eyaleetera ebikumi n’ebikumi by'abayizi okuva mu [[:en:East_Africa|Buvanjuba bwa Afrika]] okusomera ku yunivasite mu Amerika ne Canada wakati wa 1959 ne 1963. <ref name="indian tele">{{Cite web |last=Sen |first=Manjula |date=25 January 2009 |title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |archive-date=2 February 2009 |access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref> Mamdani yatikkirwa diguli ya Bachelor of Arts okuva mu [[:en:University_of_Pittsburgh|Yunivasite y’e Pittsburgh]] <ref name="codesria"/> mu 1967. <ref>{{Cite book |date=1 January 2010 |title=International Encyclopedia of Civil Society |url=https://link.springer.com/referencework/10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |vauthors=((Anheier, H. K.)), ((Toepler, S.)) |publisher=Springer US |isbn=978-0-387-93994-0 |editor-last=Anheier |editor-first=Helmut K. |doi=10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |editor-last2=Toepler |editor-first2=Stefan}}</ref> Yali omu ku bayizi abangi mu bukiikakkono bwa Amerika abaali mu lugendo lwa bbaasi mu bukiikaddyo okutuuka e [[:en:Montgomery,_Alabama|Montgomery, Alabama]], olwategekebwa [[:en:Student_Nonviolent_Coordinating_Committee|akakiiko akakwasaganya abayizi abatali ba ffujjo]] mu Gwokusatu 1965 okwetaba mu kaweefube w'okulwanirira [[:en:Civil_rights_movement|eddembe ly’obuntu]] . Kino kyaliwo mu kiseera ky’okutambula okuva e [[:en:Selma_to_Montgomery_marches|Selma okutuuka e Montgomery]], naye nga kyo kya njawulo. Yasibibwa mu kkomera mu kutambula kuno era n’akkirizibwa okukuba essimu. Mamdani yakubira [[:en:Embassy_of_Uganda,_Washington,_D.C.|omubaka wa Uganda]] e [[:en:Washington,_DC|Washington, DC]], amuyambe. Omubaka yamubuuza lwaki "ayingirira ensonga z'omunda mu nsi engwira", n'amuddamu nti teyali nsonga ya munda wabula olutalo lw'eddembe era nti nabo eddembe lyabwe baali bakalifuna omwaka ogwakaggwa. <ref name="pambazuka">{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=28 April 2007 |title=The Asian question again: A reflection |url=http://www.pambazuka.org/en/category/comment/41273 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]] (Uganda) |via=pambazuka.org}}</ref> Amangu ddala nga wayiseewo akaseera katono, Mamdani yategeera ku mulimu gwa [[:en:Karl_Marx|Karl Marx]] okuva mu kukyala kwe ku FBI. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Shringarpure |first=Bhakti |author-link=Bhakti Shringarpure |date=15 July 2013 |title=In Conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.warscapes.com/conversations/conversation-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=6 November 2017 |website=Warscapes |language=en |quote=I thought the guy Marx had just died. […] So that was my introduction to Karl Marx.}}</ref> Yasomera ku [[:en:Fletcher_School_of_Law_and_Diplomacy|Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy]] mu [[:en:Tufts_University|Yunivasite ya Tufts]] era mu 1968 yatikkirwa diguli ya Master of Arts mu [[:en:Political_science|byobufuzi]] ne Master of Arts mu mateeka ne diplomacy mu 1969. Yafuna diguli ye [[:en:Doctor_of_philosophy|eyookusatu]] mu gavumenti okuva mu [[:en:Harvard_University|Yunivasite y'e Harvard]] mu 1974, wansi w’obulagirizi bwa [[:en:Karl_Deutsch|Karl Deutsch]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and class formation in Uganda |url=http://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=978-0-85345-378-9 |location=New York |via=Internet Archive}}</ref> Omulamwa kw'eyatambuliza ddiguli ye eyookusatu yagiwa omutwe "''Politics and Class Formation in Uganda."'' <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and Class Formation in Uganda |url=https://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=0-85345-378-0 |location=New York |oclc=2073894 |url-access=registration}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Allen |first=Judith Van |last2=Mamdani |first2=Mahmood |last3=Shivji |first3=Issa G. |date=November 1977 |title=Reviewed Works: Politics and Class Formation in Uganda. by Mahmood Mamdani; Class Struggles in Tanzania. by Issa G. Shivji |journal=Contemporary Sociology |publisher=American Sociological Association |volume=6 |issue=6 |pages=702 |doi=10.2307/2066367 |issn=0094-3061 |eissn=1939-8638 |jstor=2066367}}</ref> == Emirimu gye == Mamdani yakomawo mu Uganda ku ntandikwa ya 1972 era naweebwa omulimu ku [[Makerere University, Uganda|yunivasite y'e Makerere]] mu Kampala [[:en:Teaching_assistant|ng'ayambako omusomesa]], mu kiseera kye kimu yali akola ku kunoonyereza kwe okwa ddiguli eyookusatu. . Ye n’Abaasia abasinga obungi [[:en:Expulsion_of_Asians_from_Uganda|baagobebwa]] mu Uganda ku nkomerero y’omwaka ogwo [[Idi Amin]] olw’amawanga gaabwe; Amin yali agenderera "kuzzaawo" bizinensi n'ebintu. Mamdani yava mu Uganda n’agenda mu nkambi y’ababundabunda mu Bungereza ku ntandikwa y'omwezi Gwekkuminoogumu. <ref name="lrb2022">{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2022-10-06 |title=The Asian Question |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v44/n19/mahmood-mamdani/the-asian-question |journal=[[London Review of Books]] |language=en |volume=44 |issue=19 |issn=0260-9592 |access-date=2025-09-08}}</ref> Yava e Bungereza mu makkati ga 1973 oluvannyuma lw’okuyingizibwa mu [[:en:University_of_Dar_es_Salaam|Yunivasite y’e Dar es Salaam]] mu Tanzania. <ref name="pambazuka"/> <ref name="cas2018">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> <ref name="bio2">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> Mu Dar es Salaam, yamaliriza okuwandiika dissertation ye. Yali mujjumbize nnyo n’ebibiina ebiwakanya Amin. Mu 1979, yeetaba mu Ttabamiruka w’e Moshi ng’omutunuulizi. Yaddayo mu Uganda oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa ku bukulembeze oluvannyuma lw'olutalo lwa [[Olutalo lwa Uganda ne Tanzania|Uganda ne Tanzania]] mu 1979. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McCormack |first=Pete |date=17 October 2005 |title=Interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.petemccormack.com/interview_mamdani_001.htm |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=petemccormack.com}}</ref> <ref name="bio2" /> Mu kiseera kino, yakozesebwa ng'omutendeke mu kibiina kya [[:en:All_Africa_Conference_of_Churches|All Africa Conference of Churches]], omukago [[:en:Ecumenical_Christian|gw'Abakristaayo ogw'ensi yonna]] ogusangibwa e [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, ng'akolera mu ofiisi [[:en:Church_of_Uganda|y'Ekkanisa ya Uganda]] mu Kampala. <ref name="lrb2022"/> Okuva mu 1980 (oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa mu ntebe mu 1979) okutuuka mu 1993 yaddamu okukolera yunivasite y’e Makerere. <ref name="bio2"/> <ref name="lrb2022"/>​[[Milton Obote|​]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kagolo |first=Francis |date=8 February 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani to be honoured among Africa's best |url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/628869-prof-mamdani-to-be-honoured-among-africa-s-best.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]]}}</ref> Yaddayo e Dar es Salaam. Oluvannyuma lwa Obote okugobwa mu ntebe omulundi ogwokubiri, Mamdani yaddamu okudda mu Uganda mu Gwomukaaga 1986. <ref name="indian tele"/> Yali dayirekita eyatandikawo ekitongole kya Centre for Basic Research (CBR), ekitongole kya Uganda ekitali kya gavumenti ekyasooka mu kunoonyereza, mwe yaweereza okuva mu 1987 okutuuka mu 1996. <ref name="diaspora">{{Cite web |date=29 November 2012 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012 |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=ugandandiaspora.com}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> <ref name="csds">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Yaliko pulofeesa omugenyi ku [[:en:University_of_Durban-Westville|Yunivasite y’e Durban]] - [[:en:Westville,_KwaZulu-Natal|Westville]] mu South Africa (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka mu Gwomukaaga 1993), ku [[:en:Nehru_Memorial_Museum_&_Library|Nehru Memorial Museum & Library]] e New Delhi (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka Gwomukaaga 1995), ne mu [[:en:Princeton_University|Yunivasite y'e Princeton]] (1995–96). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vance |first=Dara |date=2015-11-20 |title=UK Committee on Social Theory Hosts Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://uknow.uky.edu/uk-happenings/uk-committee-social-theory-hosts-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=UKNow}}</ref> Mu 1996, yalondebwa okubeera omukulembeze w’entebe ya [[:en:Archibald_Campbell_Jordan|AC Jordan]] ey'ensoma y'Afirika mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y’e Cape Town]], <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 March 2011 |title=UCT in war over 'bantu education' |url=http://mg.co.za/article/2011-03-11-uct-in-war-over-bantu-education |access-date=22 March 2013}}</ref> era ku ntandikwa ya 1997 n’afuuka akulira [[:en:Centre_for_African_Studies|ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku by'ensoma y'Afirika]] (CAS). <ref name="uwn2018">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> Yavaawo oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obutakkaanya n'abasomesa (abasinga obungi abazungu) ku bbago ly'ensoma ye ey'omusomo ogw'omusingi ku Afrika oguyitibwa "Problematising Africa". <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=June 1, 1998 |title=Is African studies to be turned into a new home for Bantu education at UCT? |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/02533959808458649 |journal=Social Dynamics |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=63–75 |doi=10.1080/02533959808458649 |issn=0253-3952 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> Mamdani, eyalaga nti ensoma eriwo eya " [[:en:Bantu_Education_Act,_1953|Bantu studies]] " (mu kujjuliza ku kusomesa Abaddugavu wansi w'enfuga [[:en:Apartheid|y'obusosoze]] ) <ref name="cas2018" /> yayimirizibwa era okukkakkana ng'alekulidde. <ref name="davis2017">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> "Ensonga ya Mamdani" ekyayogerwako mu kukubaganya ebirowoozo ku [[:en:Decolonization_of_higher_education_in_South_Africa|kununula amatendekero aga waggulu okuva mu nsoma y'abamatwale]] . Oluvannyuma yagamba nti teyalina busungu ku muntu yenna, era yalina enkolagana ennungi ekiseera kye yamalayo. Yagamba nti obutakwatagana bwali ku njawulo mu ndowooza n'addala ensengeka y’ensoma ku bikwata ku kusoma South Africa ng’ensi ya Afrika. Oluvannyuma (2018) yakomezebwawo nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa asuutibwa. [ b ] <ref name="uwn2018" /> Mu 1999, Mamdani yalondebwa okuba dayirekita w’ekitongole ekikola ku by’okunoonyereza ku Afirika mu yunivasite ya Columbia, ekifo kye yalina okutuusa mu 2004. <ref name="uwn2018"/> Okuva olwo abadde asomesa eyo (nga 2025). <ref name="haag2025">{{Cite web |last=Haag |first=Matthew |last2=Goldberg |first2=Emma |date=27 June 2025 |title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |archive-date=7 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku mbeera z’abantu ekya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=18 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University]] |archive-date=2 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002055113/http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Agaba |first=John |title=Mamdani talks about his research legacy and work at Makerere |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20220329112608625 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="bio2"/> Okutuuka mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2025 [[:en:Columbia_University#Academics|pulofeesa wa Herbert Lehman mu Gavumenti]] era pulofeesa ku nkula y'abantu, okusoma saayansi w'ebyobufuzi [[:en:African_studies|n'okusoma ku Afirika]] ku [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]].<ref name="bio2" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Faculty Bio: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/anthropology/fac-bios/mamdani/faculty.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Era akola nga chancellor wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://kiu.ac.ug/news-page.php?i=press-release-kampala-international-university-kiu-appoints-prof-mahmood-mamdani-as-chancellor |access-date=24 August 2020 |publisher=[[Kampala International University]]}}</ref> == Okunoonyereza n'okuwandiika == Mamdani yeemalira mu kunoonyereza ku byobufuzi bya Afirika n'eby'ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw'amatwale]] [[:en:Postcolonialism|n'oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale]], n'ebyobufuzi by'ebyenfuna. Ebitabo bye byekenneenya enkolagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'ebyobuwangwa, okugeraageranya [[:en:Colonialism|okufugibwa kw'amatwale]] okuva mu 1452, ebyafaayo by'entalo z'omunda [[:en:Genocide|n'ekitta bantu]] mu Afirika, [[:en:Cold_War|Olutalo olw'Ensi Yonna olw'ebigambo]] [[:en:War_on_terror|n'olutalo ku butujju]], n'ebyafaayo by'eddembe ly'obuntu.<ref>vSneh, Itai Nartzizenfield (2008). [https://books.google.com/books?id=iax4AAAAMAAJ ''The Future Almost Arrived: How Jimmy Carter Failed to Change U.S. Foreign Policy''.] [[:en:Peter_Lang_(publishing_company)|Peter Lang]]. p. 169. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780820481852|9780820481852]]</bdi>.</ref> Okunoonyereza kwe okw'omwaka 2016 kwatandikira ku kitabo kye eky'omwaka 1996, [[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]. <ref>[http://polisci.columbia.edu/people/profile/96 "Mahmood Mamdani | Department of Political Science"]. ''polisci.columbia.edu''. Retrieved 21 January 2016.</ref>Mu kitabo ekyo, yagamba nti eggwanga eryafugibwa terisobola kutegeerwa nga tewekenenyeza bulungi eggwanga eryalifuga.Enkola y'obufuzi bw'amatwale mu Afirika yali eddamu okusoomoozebwa kw'ekibuuzo "ekikulu", era yagamba nti yafuuka "amawanga agaabuluziddwamu".<ref name=":0">Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. pp. 15–16. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|<bdi>9780852553992</bdi>.]]</ref>Kino kyali kikolebwa mu ngeri bbiri: ku ludda olumu nga bafuga butereevu, nga kino kyali kikolwa kya "buyinza" era nga kyali kigenderera okuggya abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo ku ddembe ly'obuntu eryali liweebwa abatuuze mu bitundu ebirala, ate ku ludda olulala nga bafuga mu ngeri etali y'abuteerevu, nga kino kyali kikolebwa mu byalo era nga kizingiramu okuyingiza "bannansi" mu "mateeka g'eggwanga" agaateekebwawo ab'obuyinza mu byalo, era nga kino yakiyita "obwannakyemalira obw'okugabanya obuyinza".<ref name=":0" /> Embeera eno yali "yakusika muguwa" era ng'erimu "engeri bbiri ez'obuyinza wansi w'obuyinza obumu".<ref name=":0" /> Oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale, ebibuga byali tebikyayawulamu bantu lwa langi naye ebyalo byali bikyafugibwa abakulembeze abaali mu nkwawa z'abafuzi b'amatwale, ka babe abakulembeze ab'ennono oba b'ebali bakwasizzaobuyinza nga balina ebiruubirirwa by'okufugisa omukono ogw'ekyuma.<ref>Clapham, Chris (1997). "Review: Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism by Mahmood Mamdani'". ''Royal Institute of International Affairs''. '''73''': 606.</ref>Mu ngeri eno obukulembeze bwonna bwaleeta enjawukana mu mawnga era n'ekutondawo obukulembeze bwabwe obw'enjawulo obwannakyemalira.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref> Mamdani yekennenya ebyafaayo mu South Africa ne Uganda okulaga nti obufuzi bw'amatwale bwakozesa obuyinza obuyitiridde era obuyinza obwo bweyongera okubaawo oluvannyuma lw'ameefuga.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. p. 37. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref>Ng’asomooza endowooza eza bulijjo ku busosoze mu South Afrika nga ez’enjawulo, agamba nti [[:en:Apartheid|obusosoze mu mawanga]] bwali ngeri ya bulijjo ey’ettwale lya Bulaaya mu Africa, nga lizingiramu ensonga [[:en:Indirect_rule|z’obufuzi obutali butereevu]] n’okukwatagana<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1 January 1996 |title=Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism |isbn=9780852553992 |pages=16–18}}</ref> Mu kitabo kye ekyafulumizibwa mu 2004 ekya ''Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: America, the Cold War, and the Roots of Terror'' Mamdani yagamba nti [[:en:Suicide_attack|abeetuze]] balina okumanyibwa "ng'ekika ky'omujaasi" era nti balina "okutegeerwa mu ngeri y'effujjo ly'ebyobufuzi ery'omulembe guno okusinga okuvumwavumwa ng'akabonero k'obukambwe". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bickerton |first=James |date=2025-07-11 |title=Zohran Mamdani's father's remark about suicide bombers comes under scrutiny |url=https://www.newsweek.com/zohran-mamdani-father-remark-about-suicide-bombers-comes-under-scrutiny-2097793 |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref> Omuyivu omu yagamba nti kino si kuwagira kwettisa bbomu wabula kwekenneenya okwanenya '"okusalawo kwa Amerika ku nkola y'ensonga z'ebweru naddala mu kiseera ky'olutalo olw'ebigambo", okutondawo embeera [[:en:Islamic_extremism|y'Obusiraamu obw'annalukalala]] [[:en:Political_violence|n'effujjo mu byobufuzi]] " mwe byakulaakulanira. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Murray |first=Conor |date=Jul 11, 2025 |title=Mahmood Mamdani's Work Does Not Advocate Violence, Expert Says |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/conormurray/2025/07/11/sequoias-maguire-unfairly-targets-zohran-mamdanis-father-fellow-academic-says/ |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko bye bifulumiddde mu ''[[:en:London_Review_of_Books|London Review of Books]]'' n'ekampuni ezifulumya ebitabo ebirala.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/contributors/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=London Review of Books |language=en-GB}}</ref> Okusinziira ku CAS, ebiwandiiko bya Mamdani "bibadde bikulu mu kusomebwa abayizi abali ku misomo gyabwe egya undergraduate ne Postgraduate ku UCT ssaako n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo ku nsoma y'ebyafaayo n'ebyobufuzi bya Afirika , nga banonyereza ku nkwatagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'obuwangwa, okugerageranya obufuzi bw'amatwale, entalo ez'omunda mu ggwanga n'ekittabantu mu Afirika".<ref name="uwn20182">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> == Emirimu gy'emirala == Okuva mu 1998 <ref name="bio22">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> oba 1999 okutuuka mu 2002, Mamdani yaweereza nga pulezidenti w'olukiiko olukulaakulanya okunoonyereza ku ssaayansi w'embeera z'abantu mu Afrika ([[:en:Council_for_the_Development_of_Social_Science_Research_in_Africa|Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa]]). <ref name="cas20182">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumineebiri 2001, yawa okwogera ku "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" mu lukungaana lwa [[:en:Nobel_Prize|Nobel Centennial Symposium]] e [[:en:Oslo|Oslo]], Norway. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 December 2001 |title=Speech by Dr. Mahmood Mamdani: "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/mediaplayer/index.php?id=1281 |access-date=24 March 2013 |publisher=Nobel Prize}}</ref> Mu Gwomwenda 2006, Mamdani yali omu ku boogezi abaayitibwa mu lukuŋŋaana lw’ekibiina kya [[:en:Ugandan_North_American_Association_(UNAA)|Uganda North American Association (UNAA)]] mu kibuga New York. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2006-09-05 |title=UNAA Convention was disorganised! |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/news/1141390/unaa-convention-disorganised |access-date=2026-02-18 |publisher=New Vision (Kampala)}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano 2011, mu kiseera ky'okwekalakaasa okwali mu kibangirizi kya Tahrir([[:en:Tahrir_Square_protests|Tahrir Square protests]]) mu kibuga [[:en:Cairo|Cairo]], Misiri, Mamdani yayitibwa okwogerako mu [[:en:American_University_of_Cairo|Yunivasite y’Amerika e Cairo]]. Ng’ayogera eri abayizi mu [[:en:University_of_KwaZulu-Natal|yunivasite y’e KwaZulu-Natal]] mu South Africa mu 2012, kino yakigeraageranya n’obwegugungo obwaliwo mu Soweto ([[:en:1976_Soweto_uprising|Soweto Uprising]]) mu 1976 . <ref name="kwazulu2012">{{Cite web |date=24 April 2012 |title=Address on Receiving an Honorary Doctorate at the University of Kwazulu Natal |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/mesaas/images/faculty/news/Mamdani%20commencement.pdf |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumi 2011, Mamdani (nga bali wamu ne Rhoda Ann Kanaaneh) y'eyali omwogezi omukulu mu lukungaana lw’eggwanga olwasooka olw’abayizi olwa [[:en:Students_for_Justice_in_Palestine|Students for Justice in Palestine]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Silver |first=Carly |date=2011-10-16 |title=Reporting live from the first-ever SJP National Conference |url=https://newvoices.org/2011/10/15/reporting-live-from-the-first-ever-sjp-national-conference/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=New Voices |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nathan-Kazis |first=Josh |date=2011-10-11 |title=Pro-Palestinian Student Activists Plan First National Conference |url=https://forward.com/news/144173/pro-palestinian-student-activists-plan-push/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=The Forward |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2017 yayitibwa okuwa omusomo ku lunaku lwa [[:en:TB_Davie_Memorial_Lecture|TB Davie Memorial]] ku ddembe ly'okusoma mu Yunivasite y'e Cape Town, era emboozi ye, eyatuumibwa "Decolonising the Post-Colonial University" yaleetawo okukubaganya ebirowoozo kungi. <ref name="uwn20183">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="davis20172">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> Okuva mu Gwekkumineebiri 2017 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2018, Mamdani yaweereza nga Rajni Kothari Chair Professor mu [[:en:Centre_for_the_Study_of_Developing_Societies|Center for the Study of Developing Societies]] mu [[:en:Delhi|Delhi,]] Buyindi. Oluvannyuma lw'ekisanja kye okuggwako, nga 4 Ogwokuna 2018 yawa omusomo gwa Rajni Kothari Chair ogutegekebwa buli mwaka, ogwatuumibwa "Okulowooza ku bwenkanya okuyita mu bumanyirivu bw'Afirika mu kyasa eky'amakumi abiri". <ref name="csds2">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Alabikidde mu firimu z’ebyafaayo ng’omukugu okugeza, ''[[:en:Rwanda:_The_Untold_Story|Rwanda: The Untold Story]]'' (2014, [[:en:BBC|BBC]] ), ''The Dictator’s Playbook'' (2018, [[:en:PBS|PBS]] ) ne ''[[:en:How_to_Become_a_Tyrant|How to Become a Tyrant]]'' (2021, [[:en:Netflix|Netflix]]). <ref>{{Cite AV media|url=https://www.pbs.org/video/idi-amin-3ol3rz/|title=The Dictator's Playbook {{!}} Idi Amin {{!}} Episode 6|language=en|publisher=[[PBS]]|via=}}</ref> Yalabikira mu firimu ya [[:en:Cameo_appearance|cameo]] ,mu firimu ya 2012 ''eya [[:en:The_Reluctant_Fundamentalist_(film)|The Reluctant Fundamentalist]]'', eyakulemberwamu mukyala we. <ref>{{Cite AV media|title=[[The Reluctant Fundamentalist]]|date=2012|last=Nair|first=Mira|publisher=[[IFC Films]]}}</ref> Mu 2024, yeegatta ku [[:en:Gaza_tribunal|Gaza Tribunal]], eyagenderera "okuzuukusa ebibiina by'obwannakyewa ku buvunaanyizibwa bwabyo n'okukomya ekittabantu kya Yisirayiri mu Gaza." <ref>{{Cite web |title=Home |url=https://gazatribunal.com/ |access-date=2025-12-07 |website=Gaza Tribunal |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title='Gaza Tribunal' established in London to seek justice for war crimes in Gaza |url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/europe/-gaza-tribunal-established-in-london-to-seek-justice-for-war-crimes-in-gaza/3383887 |access-date=2026-01-07 |website=www.aa.com.tr}}</ref> == Okusiimibwa == == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] hmc8hlwf70ha8vlbwsdugf2ttpvr833 48691 48690 2026-05-03T09:41:41Z Charles Kalanzi 9748 48691 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mahmood Mamdani''' [ a ] FBA (yazaalibwa 23 Ogwokuna 1946) munnayuganda [[:en:Anthropologist|omukugu mu by'enkula y'abantu]], munnaby'anjigiriza, era omukugu mu by'obufuzi. Ye Herbert Lehman Pulofeesa wa Gavumenti era pulofeesa w’ensonga z'ekikula ky'abantu, [[:en:Political_science|ssaayansi w’ebyobufuzi]], n’okunoonyereza [[:en:African_studies|ku nsoma y'Afirika]] mu [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]] . Era akola nga Ccansala wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda, era nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa ku Center for African Studis mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y'e Cape Town]] . Emabegako yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole kya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. Mamdani mukugu mu kusoma ebyobufuzi bya Afrika n’ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw’amatwale]] n’oluvannyuma [[:en:Postcolonialism|lw'obufuzi bw’amatwale]], n’ebyobufuzi [[:en:Knowledge_economy|by’ebyenfuna]] . Mufumbo nga mukazi we ye [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]] omuzannyi wa firimu . Ye ne Nair be bazadde ba [[:en:New_York_City_Mayor|Meeya w'ekibuga New York]] [[Zohran Mamdani]] . == Obuto bwe n’okusoma == Mahmood Mamdani yazaalibwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1946 mu [[:en:Bombay|kibuga Bombay]] (kati Mumbai), Buyindi, ng’ebula omwaka gumu [[:en:British_Raj|enfuga ya Bungereza]] ekome. <ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/education/news/mahmood-mamdani-education-and-career-path-how-zohran-mamdanis-father-built-a-legacy-of-revolution-through-ideas-and-exile/articleshow/122064130.cms "Mahmood Mamdani education and career path: How Zohran Mamdani's father built a legacy of revolution through ideas and exile"]. ''The Times of India''. 25 June 2025. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN&nbsp;]][https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-8257 0971-825]7. Retrieved 13 July 2025.</ref> <ref name="codesria">{{Cite web |title=Pr. Mahmood Mamdani (1998-2002) |url=https://codesria.org/pr-mahmood-mamdani-1998-2002/ |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> Yakulira mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=23 February 2021 |title=Mahmood Mamdani on Uganda |url=https://africasacountry.com/2011/04/mamdani-on-uganda |website=Africa is a Country}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Permanent Minorities and the Politics of Survivors: A conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://worldpeacefoundation.org/blog/permanent-minorities-and-the-politics-of-survivors-a-conversation-with-mahmood-mamdani/ |website=World Peace Foundation}}</ref> ng'omu ku [[:en:Indian_diaspora_in_Southeast_Africa|Bayindi ababundabunda mu bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba bwa Afrika]] . Bazadde be bombi, [[:en:Gujarati_Muslim|basiraamu Abagujarati]], baazaalibwa era ne bakulira mu kitundu kya Bungereza eky'amatwale ki [[:en:Tanganyika_Territory|Tanganyika]] (leero Tanzania). Abafumbo bano baagenda e Bombay olwo kitaawe n’asomerayo mu ttendekero ekkulu. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Chen |first=Kuan-Hsing |last2=Gao |first2=Shiming |last3=Tang |first3=Xiaolin |date=2016 |title=The formation of an African intellectual: an interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |journal=Inter-Asia Cultural Studies |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=456–480 |doi=10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref>Muhoozi, Mourice (6 March 2022). [https://www.watchdoguganda.com/news/20220306/131449/meet-ugandas-most-iconic-academician-prof-mahmood-mamdani.html "Meet Uganda's most Iconic academician, Prof. Mahmood Mamdani"]. ''Watchdog Uganda''</ref> Famire yaddayo e [[:en:Dar_es_Salaam|Dar es Salaam]], Tanganyika, nga Mamdani wa myaka ebiri, ne bagenda e Uganda nga wa myaka etaano oba mukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Mu kiseera ekyo, Uganda yali yayawulwamu okusinziira ku mawanga, omuli abantu gye babeera, amasomero, emizikiti, n’ebifo abaana we bazannyira. Okusoma kwe mu pulayimale, Mamdani yasooka kugenda mu [[:en:Madrasa|madarasa]], n’oluvannyuma mu Government Indian Primary School. <ref name=":8"/> Yakula ng'ayogera [[:en:Gujarati_language|Olugujarati]], [[:en:Urdu|Oluurdu]] [[:en:Swahili_language|n'Oluswayiri]] . Yatandika okusoma Olungereza mu kibiina eky’omukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Oluvannyuma lw’okusoma siniya ey’awansi, yasomera ku Old Kampala Senior Secondary School, gye yali omuwandiisi w’ekibiina kya Do-it-Yourself Physics. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uganda: Buganda And Uganda At Crossroads |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090826030635/http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |archive-date=26 August 2009 |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=AllAfrica}}</ref> Mamdani yali omu ku bayizi Bannayuganda 23 abaali mu kibiina kya [[:en:The_Kennedy_Airlift|Kennedy Airlift]] mu 1963, enteekateeka ya sikaala eyaweebwa ssente okuva mu Amerika eyaleetera ebikumi n’ebikumi by'abayizi okuva mu [[:en:East_Africa|Buvanjuba bwa Afrika]] okusomera ku yunivasite mu Amerika ne Canada wakati wa 1959 ne 1963. <ref name="indian tele">{{Cite web |last=Sen |first=Manjula |date=25 January 2009 |title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |archive-date=2 February 2009 |access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref> Mamdani yatikkirwa diguli ya Bachelor of Arts okuva mu [[:en:University_of_Pittsburgh|Yunivasite y’e Pittsburgh]] <ref name="codesria"/> mu 1967. <ref>{{Cite book |date=1 January 2010 |title=International Encyclopedia of Civil Society |url=https://link.springer.com/referencework/10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |vauthors=((Anheier, H. K.)), ((Toepler, S.)) |publisher=Springer US |isbn=978-0-387-93994-0 |editor-last=Anheier |editor-first=Helmut K. |doi=10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |editor-last2=Toepler |editor-first2=Stefan}}</ref> Yali omu ku bayizi abangi mu bukiikakkono bwa Amerika abaali mu lugendo lwa bbaasi mu bukiikaddyo okutuuka e [[:en:Montgomery,_Alabama|Montgomery, Alabama]], olwategekebwa [[:en:Student_Nonviolent_Coordinating_Committee|akakiiko akakwasaganya abayizi abatali ba ffujjo]] mu Gwokusatu 1965 okwetaba mu kaweefube w'okulwanirira [[:en:Civil_rights_movement|eddembe ly’obuntu]] . Kino kyaliwo mu kiseera ky’okutambula okuva e [[:en:Selma_to_Montgomery_marches|Selma okutuuka e Montgomery]], naye nga kyo kya njawulo. Yasibibwa mu kkomera mu kutambula kuno era n’akkirizibwa okukuba essimu. Mamdani yakubira [[:en:Embassy_of_Uganda,_Washington,_D.C.|omubaka wa Uganda]] e [[:en:Washington,_DC|Washington, DC]], amuyambe. Omubaka yamubuuza lwaki "ayingirira ensonga z'omunda mu nsi engwira", n'amuddamu nti teyali nsonga ya munda wabula olutalo lw'eddembe era nti nabo eddembe lyabwe baali bakalifuna omwaka ogwakaggwa. <ref name="pambazuka">{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=28 April 2007 |title=The Asian question again: A reflection |url=http://www.pambazuka.org/en/category/comment/41273 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]] (Uganda) |via=pambazuka.org}}</ref> Amangu ddala nga wayiseewo akaseera katono, Mamdani yategeera ku mulimu gwa [[:en:Karl_Marx|Karl Marx]] okuva mu kukyala kwe ku FBI. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Shringarpure |first=Bhakti |author-link=Bhakti Shringarpure |date=15 July 2013 |title=In Conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.warscapes.com/conversations/conversation-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=6 November 2017 |website=Warscapes |language=en |quote=I thought the guy Marx had just died. […] So that was my introduction to Karl Marx.}}</ref> Yasomera ku [[:en:Fletcher_School_of_Law_and_Diplomacy|Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy]] mu [[:en:Tufts_University|Yunivasite ya Tufts]] era mu 1968 yatikkirwa diguli ya Master of Arts mu [[:en:Political_science|byobufuzi]] ne Master of Arts mu mateeka ne diplomacy mu 1969. Yafuna diguli ye [[:en:Doctor_of_philosophy|eyookusatu]] mu gavumenti okuva mu [[:en:Harvard_University|Yunivasite y'e Harvard]] mu 1974, wansi w’obulagirizi bwa [[:en:Karl_Deutsch|Karl Deutsch]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and class formation in Uganda |url=http://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=978-0-85345-378-9 |location=New York |via=Internet Archive}}</ref> Omulamwa kw'eyatambuliza ddiguli ye eyookusatu yagiwa omutwe "''Politics and Class Formation in Uganda."'' <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and Class Formation in Uganda |url=https://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=0-85345-378-0 |location=New York |oclc=2073894 |url-access=registration}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Allen |first=Judith Van |last2=Mamdani |first2=Mahmood |last3=Shivji |first3=Issa G. |date=November 1977 |title=Reviewed Works: Politics and Class Formation in Uganda. by Mahmood Mamdani; Class Struggles in Tanzania. by Issa G. Shivji |journal=Contemporary Sociology |publisher=American Sociological Association |volume=6 |issue=6 |pages=702 |doi=10.2307/2066367 |issn=0094-3061 |eissn=1939-8638 |jstor=2066367}}</ref> == Emirimu gye == Mamdani yakomawo mu Uganda ku ntandikwa ya 1972 era naweebwa omulimu ku [[Makerere University, Uganda|yunivasite y'e Makerere]] mu Kampala [[:en:Teaching_assistant|ng'ayambako omusomesa]], mu kiseera kye kimu yali akola ku kunoonyereza kwe okwa ddiguli eyookusatu. . Ye n’Abaasia abasinga obungi [[:en:Expulsion_of_Asians_from_Uganda|baagobebwa]] mu Uganda ku nkomerero y’omwaka ogwo [[Idi Amin]] olw’amawanga gaabwe; Amin yali agenderera "kuzzaawo" bizinensi n'ebintu. Mamdani yava mu Uganda n’agenda mu nkambi y’ababundabunda mu Bungereza ku ntandikwa y'omwezi Gwekkuminoogumu. <ref name="lrb2022">{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2022-10-06 |title=The Asian Question |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v44/n19/mahmood-mamdani/the-asian-question |journal=[[London Review of Books]] |language=en |volume=44 |issue=19 |issn=0260-9592 |access-date=2025-09-08}}</ref> Yava e Bungereza mu makkati ga 1973 oluvannyuma lw’okuyingizibwa mu [[:en:University_of_Dar_es_Salaam|Yunivasite y’e Dar es Salaam]] mu Tanzania. <ref name="pambazuka"/> <ref name="cas2018">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> <ref name="bio2">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> Mu Dar es Salaam, yamaliriza okuwandiika dissertation ye. Yali mujjumbize nnyo n’ebibiina ebiwakanya Amin. Mu 1979, yeetaba mu Ttabamiruka w’e Moshi ng’omutunuulizi. Yaddayo mu Uganda oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa ku bukulembeze oluvannyuma lw'olutalo lwa [[Olutalo lwa Uganda ne Tanzania|Uganda ne Tanzania]] mu 1979. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McCormack |first=Pete |date=17 October 2005 |title=Interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.petemccormack.com/interview_mamdani_001.htm |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=petemccormack.com}}</ref> <ref name="bio2" /> Mu kiseera kino, yakozesebwa ng'omutendeke mu kibiina kya [[:en:All_Africa_Conference_of_Churches|All Africa Conference of Churches]], omukago [[:en:Ecumenical_Christian|gw'Abakristaayo ogw'ensi yonna]] ogusangibwa e [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, ng'akolera mu ofiisi [[:en:Church_of_Uganda|y'Ekkanisa ya Uganda]] mu Kampala. <ref name="lrb2022"/> Okuva mu 1980 (oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa mu ntebe mu 1979) okutuuka mu 1993 yaddamu okukolera yunivasite y’e Makerere. <ref name="bio2"/> <ref name="lrb2022"/>​[[Milton Obote|​]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kagolo |first=Francis |date=8 February 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani to be honoured among Africa's best |url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/628869-prof-mamdani-to-be-honoured-among-africa-s-best.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]]}}</ref> Yaddayo e Dar es Salaam. Oluvannyuma lwa Obote okugobwa mu ntebe omulundi ogwokubiri, Mamdani yaddamu okudda mu Uganda mu Gwomukaaga 1986. <ref name="indian tele"/> Yali dayirekita eyatandikawo ekitongole kya Centre for Basic Research (CBR), ekitongole kya Uganda ekitali kya gavumenti ekyasooka mu kunoonyereza, mwe yaweereza okuva mu 1987 okutuuka mu 1996. <ref name="diaspora">{{Cite web |date=29 November 2012 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012 |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=ugandandiaspora.com}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> <ref name="csds">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Yaliko pulofeesa omugenyi ku [[:en:University_of_Durban-Westville|Yunivasite y’e Durban]] - [[:en:Westville,_KwaZulu-Natal|Westville]] mu South Africa (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka mu Gwomukaaga 1993), ku [[:en:Nehru_Memorial_Museum_&_Library|Nehru Memorial Museum & Library]] e New Delhi (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka Gwomukaaga 1995), ne mu [[:en:Princeton_University|Yunivasite y'e Princeton]] (1995–96). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vance |first=Dara |date=2015-11-20 |title=UK Committee on Social Theory Hosts Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://uknow.uky.edu/uk-happenings/uk-committee-social-theory-hosts-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=UKNow}}</ref> Mu 1996, yalondebwa okubeera omukulembeze w’entebe ya [[:en:Archibald_Campbell_Jordan|AC Jordan]] ey'ensoma y'Afirika mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y’e Cape Town]], <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 March 2011 |title=UCT in war over 'bantu education' |url=http://mg.co.za/article/2011-03-11-uct-in-war-over-bantu-education |access-date=22 March 2013}}</ref> era ku ntandikwa ya 1997 n’afuuka akulira [[:en:Centre_for_African_Studies|ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku by'ensoma y'Afirika]] (CAS). <ref name="uwn2018">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> Yavaawo oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obutakkaanya n'abasomesa (abasinga obungi abazungu) ku bbago ly'ensoma ye ey'omusomo ogw'omusingi ku Afrika oguyitibwa "Problematising Africa". <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=June 1, 1998 |title=Is African studies to be turned into a new home for Bantu education at UCT? |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/02533959808458649 |journal=Social Dynamics |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=63–75 |doi=10.1080/02533959808458649 |issn=0253-3952 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> Mamdani, eyalaga nti ensoma eriwo eya " [[:en:Bantu_Education_Act,_1953|Bantu studies]] " (mu kujjuliza ku kusomesa Abaddugavu wansi w'enfuga [[:en:Apartheid|y'obusosoze]] ) <ref name="cas2018" /> yayimirizibwa era okukkakkana ng'alekulidde. <ref name="davis2017">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> "Ensonga ya Mamdani" ekyayogerwako mu kukubaganya ebirowoozo ku [[:en:Decolonization_of_higher_education_in_South_Africa|kununula amatendekero aga waggulu okuva mu nsoma y'abamatwale]] . Oluvannyuma yagamba nti teyalina busungu ku muntu yenna, era yalina enkolagana ennungi ekiseera kye yamalayo. Yagamba nti obutakwatagana bwali ku njawulo mu ndowooza n'addala ensengeka y’ensoma ku bikwata ku kusoma South Africa ng’ensi ya Afrika. Oluvannyuma (2018) yakomezebwawo nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa asuutibwa. [ b ] <ref name="uwn2018" /> Mu 1999, Mamdani yalondebwa okuba dayirekita w’ekitongole ekikola ku by’okunoonyereza ku Afirika mu yunivasite ya Columbia, ekifo kye yalina okutuusa mu 2004. <ref name="uwn2018"/> Okuva olwo abadde asomesa eyo (nga 2025). <ref name="haag2025">{{Cite web |last=Haag |first=Matthew |last2=Goldberg |first2=Emma |date=27 June 2025 |title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |archive-date=7 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku mbeera z’abantu ekya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=18 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University]] |archive-date=2 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002055113/http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Agaba |first=John |title=Mamdani talks about his research legacy and work at Makerere |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20220329112608625 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="bio2"/> Okutuuka mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2025 [[:en:Columbia_University#Academics|pulofeesa wa Herbert Lehman mu Gavumenti]] era pulofeesa ku nkula y'abantu, okusoma saayansi w'ebyobufuzi [[:en:African_studies|n'okusoma ku Afirika]] ku [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]].<ref name="bio2" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Faculty Bio: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/anthropology/fac-bios/mamdani/faculty.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Era akola nga chancellor wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://kiu.ac.ug/news-page.php?i=press-release-kampala-international-university-kiu-appoints-prof-mahmood-mamdani-as-chancellor |access-date=24 August 2020 |publisher=[[Kampala International University]]}}</ref> == Okunoonyereza n'okuwandiika == Mamdani yeemalira mu kunoonyereza ku byobufuzi bya Afirika n'eby'ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw'amatwale]] [[:en:Postcolonialism|n'oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale]], n'ebyobufuzi by'ebyenfuna. Ebitabo bye byekenneenya enkolagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'ebyobuwangwa, okugeraageranya [[:en:Colonialism|okufugibwa kw'amatwale]] okuva mu 1452, ebyafaayo by'entalo z'omunda [[:en:Genocide|n'ekitta bantu]] mu Afirika, [[:en:Cold_War|Olutalo olw'Ensi Yonna olw'ebigambo]] [[:en:War_on_terror|n'olutalo ku butujju]], n'ebyafaayo by'eddembe ly'obuntu.<ref>vSneh, Itai Nartzizenfield (2008). [https://books.google.com/books?id=iax4AAAAMAAJ ''The Future Almost Arrived: How Jimmy Carter Failed to Change U.S. Foreign Policy''.] [[:en:Peter_Lang_(publishing_company)|Peter Lang]]. p. 169. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780820481852|9780820481852]]</bdi>.</ref> Okunoonyereza kwe okw'omwaka 2016 kwatandikira ku kitabo kye eky'omwaka 1996, [[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]. <ref>[http://polisci.columbia.edu/people/profile/96 "Mahmood Mamdani | Department of Political Science"]. ''polisci.columbia.edu''. Retrieved 21 January 2016.</ref>Mu kitabo ekyo, yagamba nti eggwanga eryafugibwa terisobola kutegeerwa nga tewekenenyeza bulungi eggwanga eryalifuga.Enkola y'obufuzi bw'amatwale mu Afirika yali eddamu okusoomoozebwa kw'ekibuuzo "ekikulu", era yagamba nti yafuuka "amawanga agaabuluziddwamu".<ref name=":0">Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. pp. 15–16. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|<bdi>9780852553992</bdi>.]]</ref>Kino kyali kikolebwa mu ngeri bbiri: ku ludda olumu nga bafuga butereevu, nga kino kyali kikolwa kya "buyinza" era nga kyali kigenderera okuggya abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo ku ddembe ly'obuntu eryali liweebwa abatuuze mu bitundu ebirala, ate ku ludda olulala nga bafuga mu ngeri etali y'abuteerevu, nga kino kyali kikolebwa mu byalo era nga kizingiramu okuyingiza "bannansi" mu "mateeka g'eggwanga" agaateekebwawo ab'obuyinza mu byalo, era nga kino yakiyita "obwannakyemalira obw'okugabanya obuyinza".<ref name=":0" /> Embeera eno yali "yakusika muguwa" era ng'erimu "engeri bbiri ez'obuyinza wansi w'obuyinza obumu".<ref name=":0" /> Oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale, ebibuga byali tebikyayawulamu bantu lwa langi naye ebyalo byali bikyafugibwa abakulembeze abaali mu nkwawa z'abafuzi b'amatwale, ka babe abakulembeze ab'ennono oba b'ebali bakwasizzaobuyinza nga balina ebiruubirirwa by'okufugisa omukono ogw'ekyuma.<ref>Clapham, Chris (1997). "Review: Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism by Mahmood Mamdani'". ''Royal Institute of International Affairs''. '''73''': 606.</ref>Mu ngeri eno obukulembeze bwonna bwaleeta enjawukana mu mawnga era n'ekutondawo obukulembeze bwabwe obw'enjawulo obwannakyemalira.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref> Mamdani yekennenya ebyafaayo mu South Africa ne Uganda okulaga nti obufuzi bw'amatwale bwakozesa obuyinza obuyitiridde era obuyinza obwo bweyongera okubaawo oluvannyuma lw'ameefuga.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. p. 37. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref>Ng’asomooza endowooza eza bulijjo ku busosoze mu South Afrika nga ez’enjawulo, agamba nti [[:en:Apartheid|obusosoze mu mawanga]] bwali ngeri ya bulijjo ey’ettwale lya Bulaaya mu Africa, nga lizingiramu ensonga [[:en:Indirect_rule|z’obufuzi obutali butereevu]] n’okukwatagana<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1 January 1996 |title=Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism |isbn=9780852553992 |pages=16–18}}</ref> Mu kitabo kye ekyafulumizibwa mu 2004 ekya ''Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: America, the Cold War, and the Roots of Terror'' Mamdani yagamba nti [[:en:Suicide_attack|abeetuze]] balina okumanyibwa "ng'ekika ky'omujaasi" era nti balina "okutegeerwa mu ngeri y'effujjo ly'ebyobufuzi ery'omulembe guno okusinga okuvumwavumwa ng'akabonero k'obukambwe". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bickerton |first=James |date=2025-07-11 |title=Zohran Mamdani's father's remark about suicide bombers comes under scrutiny |url=https://www.newsweek.com/zohran-mamdani-father-remark-about-suicide-bombers-comes-under-scrutiny-2097793 |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref> Omuyivu omu yagamba nti kino si kuwagira kwettisa bbomu wabula kwekenneenya okwanenya '"okusalawo kwa Amerika ku nkola y'ensonga z'ebweru naddala mu kiseera ky'olutalo olw'ebigambo", okutondawo embeera [[:en:Islamic_extremism|y'Obusiraamu obw'annalukalala]] [[:en:Political_violence|n'effujjo mu byobufuzi]] " mwe byakulaakulanira. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Murray |first=Conor |date=Jul 11, 2025 |title=Mahmood Mamdani's Work Does Not Advocate Violence, Expert Says |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/conormurray/2025/07/11/sequoias-maguire-unfairly-targets-zohran-mamdanis-father-fellow-academic-says/ |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko bye bifulumiddde mu ''[[:en:London_Review_of_Books|London Review of Books]]'' n'ekampuni ezifulumya ebitabo ebirala.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/contributors/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=London Review of Books |language=en-GB}}</ref> Okusinziira ku CAS, ebiwandiiko bya Mamdani "bibadde bikulu mu kusomebwa abayizi abali ku misomo gyabwe egya undergraduate ne Postgraduate ku UCT ssaako n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo ku nsoma y'ebyafaayo n'ebyobufuzi bya Afirika , nga banonyereza ku nkwatagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'obuwangwa, okugerageranya obufuzi bw'amatwale, entalo ez'omunda mu ggwanga n'ekittabantu mu Afirika".<ref name="uwn20182">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> == Emirimu gy'emirala == Okuva mu 1998 <ref name="bio22">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> oba 1999 okutuuka mu 2002, Mamdani yaweereza nga pulezidenti w'olukiiko olukulaakulanya okunoonyereza ku ssaayansi w'embeera z'abantu mu Afrika ([[:en:Council_for_the_Development_of_Social_Science_Research_in_Africa|Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa]]). <ref name="cas20182">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumineebiri 2001, yawa okwogera ku "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" mu lukungaana lwa [[:en:Nobel_Prize|Nobel Centennial Symposium]] e [[:en:Oslo|Oslo]], Norway. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 December 2001 |title=Speech by Dr. Mahmood Mamdani: "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/mediaplayer/index.php?id=1281 |access-date=24 March 2013 |publisher=Nobel Prize}}</ref> Mu Gwomwenda 2006, Mamdani yali omu ku boogezi abaayitibwa mu lukuŋŋaana lw’ekibiina kya [[:en:Ugandan_North_American_Association_(UNAA)|Uganda North American Association (UNAA)]] mu kibuga New York. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2006-09-05 |title=UNAA Convention was disorganised! |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/news/1141390/unaa-convention-disorganised |access-date=2026-02-18 |publisher=New Vision (Kampala)}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano 2011, mu kiseera ky'okwekalakaasa okwali mu kibangirizi kya Tahrir([[:en:Tahrir_Square_protests|Tahrir Square protests]]) mu kibuga [[:en:Cairo|Cairo]], Misiri, Mamdani yayitibwa okwogerako mu [[:en:American_University_of_Cairo|Yunivasite y’Amerika e Cairo]]. Ng’ayogera eri abayizi mu [[:en:University_of_KwaZulu-Natal|yunivasite y’e KwaZulu-Natal]] mu South Africa mu 2012, kino yakigeraageranya n’obwegugungo obwaliwo mu Soweto ([[:en:1976_Soweto_uprising|Soweto Uprising]]) mu 1976 . <ref name="kwazulu2012">{{Cite web |date=24 April 2012 |title=Address on Receiving an Honorary Doctorate at the University of Kwazulu Natal |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/mesaas/images/faculty/news/Mamdani%20commencement.pdf |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumi 2011, Mamdani (nga bali wamu ne Rhoda Ann Kanaaneh) y'eyali omwogezi omukulu mu lukungaana lw’eggwanga olwasooka olw’abayizi olwa [[:en:Students_for_Justice_in_Palestine|Students for Justice in Palestine]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Silver |first=Carly |date=2011-10-16 |title=Reporting live from the first-ever SJP National Conference |url=https://newvoices.org/2011/10/15/reporting-live-from-the-first-ever-sjp-national-conference/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=New Voices |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nathan-Kazis |first=Josh |date=2011-10-11 |title=Pro-Palestinian Student Activists Plan First National Conference |url=https://forward.com/news/144173/pro-palestinian-student-activists-plan-push/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=The Forward |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2017 yayitibwa okuwa omusomo ku lunaku lwa [[:en:TB_Davie_Memorial_Lecture|TB Davie Memorial]] ku ddembe ly'okusoma mu Yunivasite y'e Cape Town, era emboozi ye, eyatuumibwa "Decolonising the Post-Colonial University" yaleetawo okukubaganya ebirowoozo kungi. <ref name="uwn20183">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="davis20172">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> Okuva mu Gwekkumineebiri 2017 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2018, Mamdani yaweereza nga Rajni Kothari Chair Professor mu [[:en:Centre_for_the_Study_of_Developing_Societies|Center for the Study of Developing Societies]] mu [[:en:Delhi|Delhi,]] Buyindi. Oluvannyuma lw'ekisanja kye okuggwako, nga 4 Ogwokuna 2018 yawa omusomo gwa Rajni Kothari Chair ogutegekebwa buli mwaka, ogwatuumibwa "Okulowooza ku bwenkanya okuyita mu bumanyirivu bw'Afirika mu kyasa eky'amakumi abiri". <ref name="csds2">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Alabikidde mu firimu z’ebyafaayo ng’omukugu okugeza, ''[[:en:Rwanda:_The_Untold_Story|Rwanda: The Untold Story]]'' (2014, [[:en:BBC|BBC]] ), ''The Dictator’s Playbook'' (2018, [[:en:PBS|PBS]] ) ne ''[[:en:How_to_Become_a_Tyrant|How to Become a Tyrant]]'' (2021, [[:en:Netflix|Netflix]]). <ref>{{Cite AV media|url=https://www.pbs.org/video/idi-amin-3ol3rz/|title=The Dictator's Playbook {{!}} Idi Amin {{!}} Episode 6|language=en|publisher=[[PBS]]|via=}}</ref> Yalabikira mu firimu ya [[:en:Cameo_appearance|cameo]] ,mu firimu ya 2012 ''eya [[:en:The_Reluctant_Fundamentalist_(film)|The Reluctant Fundamentalist]]'', eyakulemberwamu mukyala we. <ref>{{Cite AV media|title=[[The Reluctant Fundamentalist]]|date=2012|last=Nair|first=Mira|publisher=[[IFC Films]]}}</ref> Mu 2024, yeegatta ku [[:en:Gaza_tribunal|Gaza Tribunal]], eyagenderera "okuzuukusa ebibiina by'obwannakyewa ku buvunaanyizibwa bwabyo n'okukomya ekittabantu kya Yisirayiri mu Gaza." <ref>{{Cite web |title=Home |url=https://gazatribunal.com/ |access-date=2025-12-07 |website=Gaza Tribunal |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title='Gaza Tribunal' established in London to seek justice for war crimes in Gaza |url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/europe/-gaza-tribunal-established-in-london-to-seek-justice-for-war-crimes-in-gaza/3383887 |access-date=2026-01-07 |website=www.aa.com.tr}}</ref> == Okusiimibwa == Mu 2008, mu kunoonyereza okwakolebwa ku mutimbagano mu lwatu, Mamdani yalondebwa ng'ow'omwenda " omugezi w'olukale ow'oku ntikko " mu nsi yonna ku lukalala lw'abagezigezi 100 abasinga okuyimba okuva mu ''Prospect Magazine'' (UK) ne ''Foreign Policy'' (US). <ref>{{Cite web |date=2008 |title=The 2008 List |url=http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/prospect-100-intellectuals/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090930143349/http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/prospect-100-intellectuals/ |archive-date=30 September 2009 |publisher=[[Prospect (magazine)|Prospect Magazine]] (UK) / [[Foreign Policy]] (US)}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |date=2008 |title=The World's Top 20 Public Intellectuals |journal=Foreign Policy |publisher=Slate Group, LLC |issue=167 |pages=54–57 |issn=0015-7228 |eissn=1945-2276 |jstor=25462318}}</ref> == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] q9rz1sllsqd74ouod81s3s99d7ojs7a 48692 48691 2026-05-03T09:44:43Z Charles Kalanzi 9748 48692 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mahmood Mamdani''' [ a ] FBA (yazaalibwa 23 Ogwokuna 1946) munnayuganda [[:en:Anthropologist|omukugu mu by'enkula y'abantu]], munnaby'anjigiriza, era omukugu mu by'obufuzi. Ye Herbert Lehman Pulofeesa wa Gavumenti era pulofeesa w’ensonga z'ekikula ky'abantu, [[:en:Political_science|ssaayansi w’ebyobufuzi]], n’okunoonyereza [[:en:African_studies|ku nsoma y'Afirika]] mu [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]] . Era akola nga Ccansala wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda, era nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa ku Center for African Studis mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y'e Cape Town]] . Emabegako yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole kya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. Mamdani mukugu mu kusoma ebyobufuzi bya Afrika n’ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw’amatwale]] n’oluvannyuma [[:en:Postcolonialism|lw'obufuzi bw’amatwale]], n’ebyobufuzi [[:en:Knowledge_economy|by’ebyenfuna]] . Mufumbo nga mukazi we ye [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]] omuzannyi wa firimu . Ye ne Nair be bazadde ba [[:en:New_York_City_Mayor|Meeya w'ekibuga New York]] [[Zohran Mamdani]] . == Obuto bwe n’okusoma == Mahmood Mamdani yazaalibwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1946 mu [[:en:Bombay|kibuga Bombay]] (kati Mumbai), Buyindi, ng’ebula omwaka gumu [[:en:British_Raj|enfuga ya Bungereza]] ekome. <ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/education/news/mahmood-mamdani-education-and-career-path-how-zohran-mamdanis-father-built-a-legacy-of-revolution-through-ideas-and-exile/articleshow/122064130.cms "Mahmood Mamdani education and career path: How Zohran Mamdani's father built a legacy of revolution through ideas and exile"]. ''The Times of India''. 25 June 2025. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN&nbsp;]][https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-8257 0971-825]7. Retrieved 13 July 2025.</ref> <ref name="codesria">{{Cite web |title=Pr. Mahmood Mamdani (1998-2002) |url=https://codesria.org/pr-mahmood-mamdani-1998-2002/ |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> Yakulira mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=23 February 2021 |title=Mahmood Mamdani on Uganda |url=https://africasacountry.com/2011/04/mamdani-on-uganda |website=Africa is a Country}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Permanent Minorities and the Politics of Survivors: A conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://worldpeacefoundation.org/blog/permanent-minorities-and-the-politics-of-survivors-a-conversation-with-mahmood-mamdani/ |website=World Peace Foundation}}</ref> ng'omu ku [[:en:Indian_diaspora_in_Southeast_Africa|Bayindi ababundabunda mu bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba bwa Afrika]] . Bazadde be bombi, [[:en:Gujarati_Muslim|basiraamu Abagujarati]], baazaalibwa era ne bakulira mu kitundu kya Bungereza eky'amatwale ki [[:en:Tanganyika_Territory|Tanganyika]] (leero Tanzania). Abafumbo bano baagenda e Bombay olwo kitaawe n’asomerayo mu ttendekero ekkulu. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Chen |first=Kuan-Hsing |last2=Gao |first2=Shiming |last3=Tang |first3=Xiaolin |date=2016 |title=The formation of an African intellectual: an interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |journal=Inter-Asia Cultural Studies |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=456–480 |doi=10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref>Muhoozi, Mourice (6 March 2022). [https://www.watchdoguganda.com/news/20220306/131449/meet-ugandas-most-iconic-academician-prof-mahmood-mamdani.html "Meet Uganda's most Iconic academician, Prof. Mahmood Mamdani"]. ''Watchdog Uganda''</ref> Famire yaddayo e [[:en:Dar_es_Salaam|Dar es Salaam]], Tanganyika, nga Mamdani wa myaka ebiri, ne bagenda e Uganda nga wa myaka etaano oba mukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Mu kiseera ekyo, Uganda yali yayawulwamu okusinziira ku mawanga, omuli abantu gye babeera, amasomero, emizikiti, n’ebifo abaana we bazannyira. Okusoma kwe mu pulayimale, Mamdani yasooka kugenda mu [[:en:Madrasa|madarasa]], n’oluvannyuma mu Government Indian Primary School. <ref name=":8"/> Yakula ng'ayogera [[:en:Gujarati_language|Olugujarati]], [[:en:Urdu|Oluurdu]] [[:en:Swahili_language|n'Oluswayiri]] . Yatandika okusoma Olungereza mu kibiina eky’omukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Oluvannyuma lw’okusoma siniya ey’awansi, yasomera ku Old Kampala Senior Secondary School, gye yali omuwandiisi w’ekibiina kya Do-it-Yourself Physics. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uganda: Buganda And Uganda At Crossroads |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090826030635/http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |archive-date=26 August 2009 |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=AllAfrica}}</ref> Mamdani yali omu ku bayizi Bannayuganda 23 abaali mu kibiina kya [[:en:The_Kennedy_Airlift|Kennedy Airlift]] mu 1963, enteekateeka ya sikaala eyaweebwa ssente okuva mu Amerika eyaleetera ebikumi n’ebikumi by'abayizi okuva mu [[:en:East_Africa|Buvanjuba bwa Afrika]] okusomera ku yunivasite mu Amerika ne Canada wakati wa 1959 ne 1963. <ref name="indian tele">{{Cite web |last=Sen |first=Manjula |date=25 January 2009 |title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |archive-date=2 February 2009 |access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref> Mamdani yatikkirwa diguli ya Bachelor of Arts okuva mu [[:en:University_of_Pittsburgh|Yunivasite y’e Pittsburgh]] <ref name="codesria"/> mu 1967. <ref>{{Cite book |date=1 January 2010 |title=International Encyclopedia of Civil Society |url=https://link.springer.com/referencework/10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |vauthors=((Anheier, H. K.)), ((Toepler, S.)) |publisher=Springer US |isbn=978-0-387-93994-0 |editor-last=Anheier |editor-first=Helmut K. |doi=10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |editor-last2=Toepler |editor-first2=Stefan}}</ref> Yali omu ku bayizi abangi mu bukiikakkono bwa Amerika abaali mu lugendo lwa bbaasi mu bukiikaddyo okutuuka e [[:en:Montgomery,_Alabama|Montgomery, Alabama]], olwategekebwa [[:en:Student_Nonviolent_Coordinating_Committee|akakiiko akakwasaganya abayizi abatali ba ffujjo]] mu Gwokusatu 1965 okwetaba mu kaweefube w'okulwanirira [[:en:Civil_rights_movement|eddembe ly’obuntu]] . Kino kyaliwo mu kiseera ky’okutambula okuva e [[:en:Selma_to_Montgomery_marches|Selma okutuuka e Montgomery]], naye nga kyo kya njawulo. Yasibibwa mu kkomera mu kutambula kuno era n’akkirizibwa okukuba essimu. Mamdani yakubira [[:en:Embassy_of_Uganda,_Washington,_D.C.|omubaka wa Uganda]] e [[:en:Washington,_DC|Washington, DC]], amuyambe. Omubaka yamubuuza lwaki "ayingirira ensonga z'omunda mu nsi engwira", n'amuddamu nti teyali nsonga ya munda wabula olutalo lw'eddembe era nti nabo eddembe lyabwe baali bakalifuna omwaka ogwakaggwa. <ref name="pambazuka">{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=28 April 2007 |title=The Asian question again: A reflection |url=http://www.pambazuka.org/en/category/comment/41273 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]] (Uganda) |via=pambazuka.org}}</ref> Amangu ddala nga wayiseewo akaseera katono, Mamdani yategeera ku mulimu gwa [[:en:Karl_Marx|Karl Marx]] okuva mu kukyala kwe ku FBI. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Shringarpure |first=Bhakti |author-link=Bhakti Shringarpure |date=15 July 2013 |title=In Conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.warscapes.com/conversations/conversation-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=6 November 2017 |website=Warscapes |language=en |quote=I thought the guy Marx had just died. […] So that was my introduction to Karl Marx.}}</ref> Yasomera ku [[:en:Fletcher_School_of_Law_and_Diplomacy|Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy]] mu [[:en:Tufts_University|Yunivasite ya Tufts]] era mu 1968 yatikkirwa diguli ya Master of Arts mu [[:en:Political_science|byobufuzi]] ne Master of Arts mu mateeka ne diplomacy mu 1969. Yafuna diguli ye [[:en:Doctor_of_philosophy|eyookusatu]] mu gavumenti okuva mu [[:en:Harvard_University|Yunivasite y'e Harvard]] mu 1974, wansi w’obulagirizi bwa [[:en:Karl_Deutsch|Karl Deutsch]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and class formation in Uganda |url=http://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=978-0-85345-378-9 |location=New York |via=Internet Archive}}</ref> Omulamwa kw'eyatambuliza ddiguli ye eyookusatu yagiwa omutwe "''Politics and Class Formation in Uganda."'' <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and Class Formation in Uganda |url=https://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=0-85345-378-0 |location=New York |oclc=2073894 |url-access=registration}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Allen |first=Judith Van |last2=Mamdani |first2=Mahmood |last3=Shivji |first3=Issa G. |date=November 1977 |title=Reviewed Works: Politics and Class Formation in Uganda. by Mahmood Mamdani; Class Struggles in Tanzania. by Issa G. Shivji |journal=Contemporary Sociology |publisher=American Sociological Association |volume=6 |issue=6 |pages=702 |doi=10.2307/2066367 |issn=0094-3061 |eissn=1939-8638 |jstor=2066367}}</ref> == Emirimu gye == Mamdani yakomawo mu Uganda ku ntandikwa ya 1972 era naweebwa omulimu ku [[Makerere University, Uganda|yunivasite y'e Makerere]] mu Kampala [[:en:Teaching_assistant|ng'ayambako omusomesa]], mu kiseera kye kimu yali akola ku kunoonyereza kwe okwa ddiguli eyookusatu. . Ye n’Abaasia abasinga obungi [[:en:Expulsion_of_Asians_from_Uganda|baagobebwa]] mu Uganda ku nkomerero y’omwaka ogwo [[Idi Amin]] olw’amawanga gaabwe; Amin yali agenderera "kuzzaawo" bizinensi n'ebintu. Mamdani yava mu Uganda n’agenda mu nkambi y’ababundabunda mu Bungereza ku ntandikwa y'omwezi Gwekkuminoogumu. <ref name="lrb2022">{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2022-10-06 |title=The Asian Question |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v44/n19/mahmood-mamdani/the-asian-question |journal=[[London Review of Books]] |language=en |volume=44 |issue=19 |issn=0260-9592 |access-date=2025-09-08}}</ref> Yava e Bungereza mu makkati ga 1973 oluvannyuma lw’okuyingizibwa mu [[:en:University_of_Dar_es_Salaam|Yunivasite y’e Dar es Salaam]] mu Tanzania. <ref name="pambazuka"/> <ref name="cas2018">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> <ref name="bio2">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> Mu Dar es Salaam, yamaliriza okuwandiika dissertation ye. Yali mujjumbize nnyo n’ebibiina ebiwakanya Amin. Mu 1979, yeetaba mu Ttabamiruka w’e Moshi ng’omutunuulizi. Yaddayo mu Uganda oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa ku bukulembeze oluvannyuma lw'olutalo lwa [[Olutalo lwa Uganda ne Tanzania|Uganda ne Tanzania]] mu 1979. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McCormack |first=Pete |date=17 October 2005 |title=Interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.petemccormack.com/interview_mamdani_001.htm |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=petemccormack.com}}</ref> <ref name="bio2" /> Mu kiseera kino, yakozesebwa ng'omutendeke mu kibiina kya [[:en:All_Africa_Conference_of_Churches|All Africa Conference of Churches]], omukago [[:en:Ecumenical_Christian|gw'Abakristaayo ogw'ensi yonna]] ogusangibwa e [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, ng'akolera mu ofiisi [[:en:Church_of_Uganda|y'Ekkanisa ya Uganda]] mu Kampala. <ref name="lrb2022"/> Okuva mu 1980 (oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa mu ntebe mu 1979) okutuuka mu 1993 yaddamu okukolera yunivasite y’e Makerere. <ref name="bio2"/> <ref name="lrb2022"/>​[[Milton Obote|​]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kagolo |first=Francis |date=8 February 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani to be honoured among Africa's best |url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/628869-prof-mamdani-to-be-honoured-among-africa-s-best.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]]}}</ref> Yaddayo e Dar es Salaam. Oluvannyuma lwa Obote okugobwa mu ntebe omulundi ogwokubiri, Mamdani yaddamu okudda mu Uganda mu Gwomukaaga 1986. <ref name="indian tele"/> Yali dayirekita eyatandikawo ekitongole kya Centre for Basic Research (CBR), ekitongole kya Uganda ekitali kya gavumenti ekyasooka mu kunoonyereza, mwe yaweereza okuva mu 1987 okutuuka mu 1996. <ref name="diaspora">{{Cite web |date=29 November 2012 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012 |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=ugandandiaspora.com}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> <ref name="csds">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Yaliko pulofeesa omugenyi ku [[:en:University_of_Durban-Westville|Yunivasite y’e Durban]] - [[:en:Westville,_KwaZulu-Natal|Westville]] mu South Africa (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka mu Gwomukaaga 1993), ku [[:en:Nehru_Memorial_Museum_&_Library|Nehru Memorial Museum & Library]] e New Delhi (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka Gwomukaaga 1995), ne mu [[:en:Princeton_University|Yunivasite y'e Princeton]] (1995–96). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vance |first=Dara |date=2015-11-20 |title=UK Committee on Social Theory Hosts Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://uknow.uky.edu/uk-happenings/uk-committee-social-theory-hosts-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=UKNow}}</ref> Mu 1996, yalondebwa okubeera omukulembeze w’entebe ya [[:en:Archibald_Campbell_Jordan|AC Jordan]] ey'ensoma y'Afirika mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y’e Cape Town]], <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 March 2011 |title=UCT in war over 'bantu education' |url=http://mg.co.za/article/2011-03-11-uct-in-war-over-bantu-education |access-date=22 March 2013}}</ref> era ku ntandikwa ya 1997 n’afuuka akulira [[:en:Centre_for_African_Studies|ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku by'ensoma y'Afirika]] (CAS). <ref name="uwn2018">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> Yavaawo oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obutakkaanya n'abasomesa (abasinga obungi abazungu) ku bbago ly'ensoma ye ey'omusomo ogw'omusingi ku Afrika oguyitibwa "Problematising Africa". <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=June 1, 1998 |title=Is African studies to be turned into a new home for Bantu education at UCT? |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/02533959808458649 |journal=Social Dynamics |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=63–75 |doi=10.1080/02533959808458649 |issn=0253-3952 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> Mamdani, eyalaga nti ensoma eriwo eya " [[:en:Bantu_Education_Act,_1953|Bantu studies]] " (mu kujjuliza ku kusomesa Abaddugavu wansi w'enfuga [[:en:Apartheid|y'obusosoze]] ) <ref name="cas2018" /> yayimirizibwa era okukkakkana ng'alekulidde. <ref name="davis2017">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> "Ensonga ya Mamdani" ekyayogerwako mu kukubaganya ebirowoozo ku [[:en:Decolonization_of_higher_education_in_South_Africa|kununula amatendekero aga waggulu okuva mu nsoma y'abamatwale]] . Oluvannyuma yagamba nti teyalina busungu ku muntu yenna, era yalina enkolagana ennungi ekiseera kye yamalayo. Yagamba nti obutakwatagana bwali ku njawulo mu ndowooza n'addala ensengeka y’ensoma ku bikwata ku kusoma South Africa ng’ensi ya Afrika. Oluvannyuma (2018) yakomezebwawo nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa asuutibwa. [ b ] <ref name="uwn2018" /> Mu 1999, Mamdani yalondebwa okuba dayirekita w’ekitongole ekikola ku by’okunoonyereza ku Afirika mu yunivasite ya Columbia, ekifo kye yalina okutuusa mu 2004. <ref name="uwn2018"/> Okuva olwo abadde asomesa eyo (nga 2025). <ref name="haag2025">{{Cite web |last=Haag |first=Matthew |last2=Goldberg |first2=Emma |date=27 June 2025 |title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |archive-date=7 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku mbeera z’abantu ekya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=18 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University]] |archive-date=2 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002055113/http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Agaba |first=John |title=Mamdani talks about his research legacy and work at Makerere |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20220329112608625 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="bio2"/> Okutuuka mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2025 [[:en:Columbia_University#Academics|pulofeesa wa Herbert Lehman mu Gavumenti]] era pulofeesa ku nkula y'abantu, okusoma saayansi w'ebyobufuzi [[:en:African_studies|n'okusoma ku Afirika]] ku [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]].<ref name="bio2" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Faculty Bio: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/anthropology/fac-bios/mamdani/faculty.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Era akola nga chancellor wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://kiu.ac.ug/news-page.php?i=press-release-kampala-international-university-kiu-appoints-prof-mahmood-mamdani-as-chancellor |access-date=24 August 2020 |publisher=[[Kampala International University]]}}</ref> == Okunoonyereza n'okuwandiika == Mamdani yeemalira mu kunoonyereza ku byobufuzi bya Afirika n'eby'ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw'amatwale]] [[:en:Postcolonialism|n'oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale]], n'ebyobufuzi by'ebyenfuna. Ebitabo bye byekenneenya enkolagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'ebyobuwangwa, okugeraageranya [[:en:Colonialism|okufugibwa kw'amatwale]] okuva mu 1452, ebyafaayo by'entalo z'omunda [[:en:Genocide|n'ekitta bantu]] mu Afirika, [[:en:Cold_War|Olutalo olw'Ensi Yonna olw'ebigambo]] [[:en:War_on_terror|n'olutalo ku butujju]], n'ebyafaayo by'eddembe ly'obuntu.<ref>vSneh, Itai Nartzizenfield (2008). [https://books.google.com/books?id=iax4AAAAMAAJ ''The Future Almost Arrived: How Jimmy Carter Failed to Change U.S. Foreign Policy''.] [[:en:Peter_Lang_(publishing_company)|Peter Lang]]. p. 169. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780820481852|9780820481852]]</bdi>.</ref> Okunoonyereza kwe okw'omwaka 2016 kwatandikira ku kitabo kye eky'omwaka 1996, [[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]. <ref>[http://polisci.columbia.edu/people/profile/96 "Mahmood Mamdani | Department of Political Science"]. ''polisci.columbia.edu''. Retrieved 21 January 2016.</ref>Mu kitabo ekyo, yagamba nti eggwanga eryafugibwa terisobola kutegeerwa nga tewekenenyeza bulungi eggwanga eryalifuga.Enkola y'obufuzi bw'amatwale mu Afirika yali eddamu okusoomoozebwa kw'ekibuuzo "ekikulu", era yagamba nti yafuuka "amawanga agaabuluziddwamu".<ref name=":0">Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. pp. 15–16. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|<bdi>9780852553992</bdi>.]]</ref>Kino kyali kikolebwa mu ngeri bbiri: ku ludda olumu nga bafuga butereevu, nga kino kyali kikolwa kya "buyinza" era nga kyali kigenderera okuggya abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo ku ddembe ly'obuntu eryali liweebwa abatuuze mu bitundu ebirala, ate ku ludda olulala nga bafuga mu ngeri etali y'abuteerevu, nga kino kyali kikolebwa mu byalo era nga kizingiramu okuyingiza "bannansi" mu "mateeka g'eggwanga" agaateekebwawo ab'obuyinza mu byalo, era nga kino yakiyita "obwannakyemalira obw'okugabanya obuyinza".<ref name=":0" /> Embeera eno yali "yakusika muguwa" era ng'erimu "engeri bbiri ez'obuyinza wansi w'obuyinza obumu".<ref name=":0" /> Oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale, ebibuga byali tebikyayawulamu bantu lwa langi naye ebyalo byali bikyafugibwa abakulembeze abaali mu nkwawa z'abafuzi b'amatwale, ka babe abakulembeze ab'ennono oba b'ebali bakwasizzaobuyinza nga balina ebiruubirirwa by'okufugisa omukono ogw'ekyuma.<ref>Clapham, Chris (1997). "Review: Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism by Mahmood Mamdani'". ''Royal Institute of International Affairs''. '''73''': 606.</ref>Mu ngeri eno obukulembeze bwonna bwaleeta enjawukana mu mawnga era n'ekutondawo obukulembeze bwabwe obw'enjawulo obwannakyemalira.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref> Mamdani yekennenya ebyafaayo mu South Africa ne Uganda okulaga nti obufuzi bw'amatwale bwakozesa obuyinza obuyitiridde era obuyinza obwo bweyongera okubaawo oluvannyuma lw'ameefuga.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. p. 37. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref>Ng’asomooza endowooza eza bulijjo ku busosoze mu South Afrika nga ez’enjawulo, agamba nti [[:en:Apartheid|obusosoze mu mawanga]] bwali ngeri ya bulijjo ey’ettwale lya Bulaaya mu Africa, nga lizingiramu ensonga [[:en:Indirect_rule|z’obufuzi obutali butereevu]] n’okukwatagana<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1 January 1996 |title=Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism |isbn=9780852553992 |pages=16–18}}</ref> Mu kitabo kye ekyafulumizibwa mu 2004 ekya ''Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: America, the Cold War, and the Roots of Terror'' Mamdani yagamba nti [[:en:Suicide_attack|abeetuze]] balina okumanyibwa "ng'ekika ky'omujaasi" era nti balina "okutegeerwa mu ngeri y'effujjo ly'ebyobufuzi ery'omulembe guno okusinga okuvumwavumwa ng'akabonero k'obukambwe". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bickerton |first=James |date=2025-07-11 |title=Zohran Mamdani's father's remark about suicide bombers comes under scrutiny |url=https://www.newsweek.com/zohran-mamdani-father-remark-about-suicide-bombers-comes-under-scrutiny-2097793 |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref> Omuyivu omu yagamba nti kino si kuwagira kwettisa bbomu wabula kwekenneenya okwanenya '"okusalawo kwa Amerika ku nkola y'ensonga z'ebweru naddala mu kiseera ky'olutalo olw'ebigambo", okutondawo embeera [[:en:Islamic_extremism|y'Obusiraamu obw'annalukalala]] [[:en:Political_violence|n'effujjo mu byobufuzi]] " mwe byakulaakulanira. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Murray |first=Conor |date=Jul 11, 2025 |title=Mahmood Mamdani's Work Does Not Advocate Violence, Expert Says |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/conormurray/2025/07/11/sequoias-maguire-unfairly-targets-zohran-mamdanis-father-fellow-academic-says/ |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko bye bifulumiddde mu ''[[:en:London_Review_of_Books|London Review of Books]]'' n'ekampuni ezifulumya ebitabo ebirala.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/contributors/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=London Review of Books |language=en-GB}}</ref> Okusinziira ku CAS, ebiwandiiko bya Mamdani "bibadde bikulu mu kusomebwa abayizi abali ku misomo gyabwe egya undergraduate ne Postgraduate ku UCT ssaako n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo ku nsoma y'ebyafaayo n'ebyobufuzi bya Afirika , nga banonyereza ku nkwatagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'obuwangwa, okugerageranya obufuzi bw'amatwale, entalo ez'omunda mu ggwanga n'ekittabantu mu Afirika".<ref name="uwn20182">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> == Emirimu gy'emirala == Okuva mu 1998 <ref name="bio22">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> oba 1999 okutuuka mu 2002, Mamdani yaweereza nga pulezidenti w'olukiiko olukulaakulanya okunoonyereza ku ssaayansi w'embeera z'abantu mu Afrika ([[:en:Council_for_the_Development_of_Social_Science_Research_in_Africa|Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa]]). <ref name="cas20182">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumineebiri 2001, yawa okwogera ku "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" mu lukungaana lwa [[:en:Nobel_Prize|Nobel Centennial Symposium]] e [[:en:Oslo|Oslo]], Norway. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 December 2001 |title=Speech by Dr. Mahmood Mamdani: "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/mediaplayer/index.php?id=1281 |access-date=24 March 2013 |publisher=Nobel Prize}}</ref> Mu Gwomwenda 2006, Mamdani yali omu ku boogezi abaayitibwa mu lukuŋŋaana lw’ekibiina kya [[:en:Ugandan_North_American_Association_(UNAA)|Uganda North American Association (UNAA)]] mu kibuga New York. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2006-09-05 |title=UNAA Convention was disorganised! |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/news/1141390/unaa-convention-disorganised |access-date=2026-02-18 |publisher=New Vision (Kampala)}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano 2011, mu kiseera ky'okwekalakaasa okwali mu kibangirizi kya Tahrir([[:en:Tahrir_Square_protests|Tahrir Square protests]]) mu kibuga [[:en:Cairo|Cairo]], Misiri, Mamdani yayitibwa okwogerako mu [[:en:American_University_of_Cairo|Yunivasite y’Amerika e Cairo]]. Ng’ayogera eri abayizi mu [[:en:University_of_KwaZulu-Natal|yunivasite y’e KwaZulu-Natal]] mu South Africa mu 2012, kino yakigeraageranya n’obwegugungo obwaliwo mu Soweto ([[:en:1976_Soweto_uprising|Soweto Uprising]]) mu 1976 . <ref name="kwazulu2012">{{Cite web |date=24 April 2012 |title=Address on Receiving an Honorary Doctorate at the University of Kwazulu Natal |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/mesaas/images/faculty/news/Mamdani%20commencement.pdf |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumi 2011, Mamdani (nga bali wamu ne Rhoda Ann Kanaaneh) y'eyali omwogezi omukulu mu lukungaana lw’eggwanga olwasooka olw’abayizi olwa [[:en:Students_for_Justice_in_Palestine|Students for Justice in Palestine]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Silver |first=Carly |date=2011-10-16 |title=Reporting live from the first-ever SJP National Conference |url=https://newvoices.org/2011/10/15/reporting-live-from-the-first-ever-sjp-national-conference/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=New Voices |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nathan-Kazis |first=Josh |date=2011-10-11 |title=Pro-Palestinian Student Activists Plan First National Conference |url=https://forward.com/news/144173/pro-palestinian-student-activists-plan-push/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=The Forward |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2017 yayitibwa okuwa omusomo ku lunaku lwa [[:en:TB_Davie_Memorial_Lecture|TB Davie Memorial]] ku ddembe ly'okusoma mu Yunivasite y'e Cape Town, era emboozi ye, eyatuumibwa "Decolonising the Post-Colonial University" yaleetawo okukubaganya ebirowoozo kungi. <ref name="uwn20183">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="davis20172">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> Okuva mu Gwekkumineebiri 2017 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2018, Mamdani yaweereza nga Rajni Kothari Chair Professor mu [[:en:Centre_for_the_Study_of_Developing_Societies|Center for the Study of Developing Societies]] mu [[:en:Delhi|Delhi,]] Buyindi. Oluvannyuma lw'ekisanja kye okuggwako, nga 4 Ogwokuna 2018 yawa omusomo gwa Rajni Kothari Chair ogutegekebwa buli mwaka, ogwatuumibwa "Okulowooza ku bwenkanya okuyita mu bumanyirivu bw'Afirika mu kyasa eky'amakumi abiri". <ref name="csds2">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Alabikidde mu firimu z’ebyafaayo ng’omukugu okugeza, ''[[:en:Rwanda:_The_Untold_Story|Rwanda: The Untold Story]]'' (2014, [[:en:BBC|BBC]] ), ''The Dictator’s Playbook'' (2018, [[:en:PBS|PBS]] ) ne ''[[:en:How_to_Become_a_Tyrant|How to Become a Tyrant]]'' (2021, [[:en:Netflix|Netflix]]). <ref>{{Cite AV media|url=https://www.pbs.org/video/idi-amin-3ol3rz/|title=The Dictator's Playbook {{!}} Idi Amin {{!}} Episode 6|language=en|publisher=[[PBS]]|via=}}</ref> Yalabikira mu firimu ya [[:en:Cameo_appearance|cameo]] ,mu firimu ya 2012 ''eya [[:en:The_Reluctant_Fundamentalist_(film)|The Reluctant Fundamentalist]]'', eyakulemberwamu mukyala we. <ref>{{Cite AV media|title=[[The Reluctant Fundamentalist]]|date=2012|last=Nair|first=Mira|publisher=[[IFC Films]]}}</ref> Mu 2024, yeegatta ku [[:en:Gaza_tribunal|Gaza Tribunal]], eyagenderera "okuzuukusa ebibiina by'obwannakyewa ku buvunaanyizibwa bwabyo n'okukomya ekittabantu kya Yisirayiri mu Gaza." <ref>{{Cite web |title=Home |url=https://gazatribunal.com/ |access-date=2025-12-07 |website=Gaza Tribunal |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title='Gaza Tribunal' established in London to seek justice for war crimes in Gaza |url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/europe/-gaza-tribunal-established-in-london-to-seek-justice-for-war-crimes-in-gaza/3383887 |access-date=2026-01-07 |website=www.aa.com.tr}}</ref> == Okusiimibwa == Mu 2008, mu kunoonyereza okwakolebwa ku mutimbagano mu lwatu, Mamdani yalondebwa ng'owomwenda ku bantu abagezi abasinga mu nsi yonna ku lukalala lw'abagezigezi 100 okuva mu ''Prospect Magazine'' (UK) ne ''Foreign Policy'' (US). <ref>{{Cite web |date=2008 |title=The 2008 List |url=http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/prospect-100-intellectuals/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090930143349/http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/prospect-100-intellectuals/ |archive-date=30 September 2009 |publisher=[[Prospect (magazine)|Prospect Magazine]] (UK) / [[Foreign Policy]] (US)}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |date=2008 |title=The World's Top 20 Public Intellectuals |journal=Foreign Policy |publisher=Slate Group, LLC |issue=167 |pages=54–57 |issn=0015-7228 |eissn=1945-2276 |jstor=25462318}}</ref> == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 9b7f2s292jeqbg2irpjda9pl8x336yk 48693 48692 2026-05-03T09:46:13Z Charles Kalanzi 9748 48693 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mahmood Mamdani''' [ a ] FBA (yazaalibwa 23 Ogwokuna 1946) munnayuganda [[:en:Anthropologist|omukugu mu by'enkula y'abantu]], munnaby'anjigiriza, era omukugu mu by'obufuzi. Ye Herbert Lehman Pulofeesa wa Gavumenti era pulofeesa w’ensonga z'ekikula ky'abantu, [[:en:Political_science|ssaayansi w’ebyobufuzi]], n’okunoonyereza [[:en:African_studies|ku nsoma y'Afirika]] mu [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]] . Era akola nga Ccansala wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda, era nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa ku Center for African Studis mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y'e Cape Town]] . Emabegako yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole kya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. Mamdani mukugu mu kusoma ebyobufuzi bya Afrika n’ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw’amatwale]] n’oluvannyuma [[:en:Postcolonialism|lw'obufuzi bw’amatwale]], n’ebyobufuzi [[:en:Knowledge_economy|by’ebyenfuna]] . Mufumbo nga mukazi we ye [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]] omuzannyi wa firimu . Ye ne Nair be bazadde ba [[:en:New_York_City_Mayor|Meeya w'ekibuga New York]] [[Zohran Mamdani]] . == Obuto bwe n’okusoma == Mahmood Mamdani yazaalibwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1946 mu [[:en:Bombay|kibuga Bombay]] (kati Mumbai), Buyindi, ng’ebula omwaka gumu [[:en:British_Raj|enfuga ya Bungereza]] ekome. <ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/education/news/mahmood-mamdani-education-and-career-path-how-zohran-mamdanis-father-built-a-legacy-of-revolution-through-ideas-and-exile/articleshow/122064130.cms "Mahmood Mamdani education and career path: How Zohran Mamdani's father built a legacy of revolution through ideas and exile"]. ''The Times of India''. 25 June 2025. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN&nbsp;]][https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-8257 0971-825]7. Retrieved 13 July 2025.</ref> <ref name="codesria">{{Cite web |title=Pr. Mahmood Mamdani (1998-2002) |url=https://codesria.org/pr-mahmood-mamdani-1998-2002/ |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> Yakulira mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=23 February 2021 |title=Mahmood Mamdani on Uganda |url=https://africasacountry.com/2011/04/mamdani-on-uganda |website=Africa is a Country}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Permanent Minorities and the Politics of Survivors: A conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://worldpeacefoundation.org/blog/permanent-minorities-and-the-politics-of-survivors-a-conversation-with-mahmood-mamdani/ |website=World Peace Foundation}}</ref> ng'omu ku [[:en:Indian_diaspora_in_Southeast_Africa|Bayindi ababundabunda mu bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba bwa Afrika]] . Bazadde be bombi, [[:en:Gujarati_Muslim|basiraamu Abagujarati]], baazaalibwa era ne bakulira mu kitundu kya Bungereza eky'amatwale ki [[:en:Tanganyika_Territory|Tanganyika]] (leero Tanzania). Abafumbo bano baagenda e Bombay olwo kitaawe n’asomerayo mu ttendekero ekkulu. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Chen |first=Kuan-Hsing |last2=Gao |first2=Shiming |last3=Tang |first3=Xiaolin |date=2016 |title=The formation of an African intellectual: an interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |journal=Inter-Asia Cultural Studies |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=456–480 |doi=10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref>Muhoozi, Mourice (6 March 2022). [https://www.watchdoguganda.com/news/20220306/131449/meet-ugandas-most-iconic-academician-prof-mahmood-mamdani.html "Meet Uganda's most Iconic academician, Prof. Mahmood Mamdani"]. ''Watchdog Uganda''</ref> Famire yaddayo e [[:en:Dar_es_Salaam|Dar es Salaam]], Tanganyika, nga Mamdani wa myaka ebiri, ne bagenda e Uganda nga wa myaka etaano oba mukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Mu kiseera ekyo, Uganda yali yayawulwamu okusinziira ku mawanga, omuli abantu gye babeera, amasomero, emizikiti, n’ebifo abaana we bazannyira. Okusoma kwe mu pulayimale, Mamdani yasooka kugenda mu [[:en:Madrasa|madarasa]], n’oluvannyuma mu Government Indian Primary School. <ref name=":8"/> Yakula ng'ayogera [[:en:Gujarati_language|Olugujarati]], [[:en:Urdu|Oluurdu]] [[:en:Swahili_language|n'Oluswayiri]] . Yatandika okusoma Olungereza mu kibiina eky’omukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Oluvannyuma lw’okusoma siniya ey’awansi, yasomera ku Old Kampala Senior Secondary School, gye yali omuwandiisi w’ekibiina kya Do-it-Yourself Physics. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uganda: Buganda And Uganda At Crossroads |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090826030635/http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |archive-date=26 August 2009 |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=AllAfrica}}</ref> Mamdani yali omu ku bayizi Bannayuganda 23 abaali mu kibiina kya [[:en:The_Kennedy_Airlift|Kennedy Airlift]] mu 1963, enteekateeka ya sikaala eyaweebwa ssente okuva mu Amerika eyaleetera ebikumi n’ebikumi by'abayizi okuva mu [[:en:East_Africa|Buvanjuba bwa Afrika]] okusomera ku yunivasite mu Amerika ne Canada wakati wa 1959 ne 1963. <ref name="indian tele">{{Cite web |last=Sen |first=Manjula |date=25 January 2009 |title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |archive-date=2 February 2009 |access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref> Mamdani yatikkirwa diguli ya Bachelor of Arts okuva mu [[:en:University_of_Pittsburgh|Yunivasite y’e Pittsburgh]] <ref name="codesria"/> mu 1967. <ref>{{Cite book |date=1 January 2010 |title=International Encyclopedia of Civil Society |url=https://link.springer.com/referencework/10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |vauthors=((Anheier, H. K.)), ((Toepler, S.)) |publisher=Springer US |isbn=978-0-387-93994-0 |editor-last=Anheier |editor-first=Helmut K. |doi=10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |editor-last2=Toepler |editor-first2=Stefan}}</ref> Yali omu ku bayizi abangi mu bukiikakkono bwa Amerika abaali mu lugendo lwa bbaasi mu bukiikaddyo okutuuka e [[:en:Montgomery,_Alabama|Montgomery, Alabama]], olwategekebwa [[:en:Student_Nonviolent_Coordinating_Committee|akakiiko akakwasaganya abayizi abatali ba ffujjo]] mu Gwokusatu 1965 okwetaba mu kaweefube w'okulwanirira [[:en:Civil_rights_movement|eddembe ly’obuntu]] . Kino kyaliwo mu kiseera ky’okutambula okuva e [[:en:Selma_to_Montgomery_marches|Selma okutuuka e Montgomery]], naye nga kyo kya njawulo. Yasibibwa mu kkomera mu kutambula kuno era n’akkirizibwa okukuba essimu. Mamdani yakubira [[:en:Embassy_of_Uganda,_Washington,_D.C.|omubaka wa Uganda]] e [[:en:Washington,_DC|Washington, DC]], amuyambe. Omubaka yamubuuza lwaki "ayingirira ensonga z'omunda mu nsi engwira", n'amuddamu nti teyali nsonga ya munda wabula olutalo lw'eddembe era nti nabo eddembe lyabwe baali bakalifuna omwaka ogwakaggwa. <ref name="pambazuka">{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=28 April 2007 |title=The Asian question again: A reflection |url=http://www.pambazuka.org/en/category/comment/41273 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]] (Uganda) |via=pambazuka.org}}</ref> Amangu ddala nga wayiseewo akaseera katono, Mamdani yategeera ku mulimu gwa [[:en:Karl_Marx|Karl Marx]] okuva mu kukyala kwe ku FBI. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Shringarpure |first=Bhakti |author-link=Bhakti Shringarpure |date=15 July 2013 |title=In Conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.warscapes.com/conversations/conversation-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=6 November 2017 |website=Warscapes |language=en |quote=I thought the guy Marx had just died. […] So that was my introduction to Karl Marx.}}</ref> Yasomera ku [[:en:Fletcher_School_of_Law_and_Diplomacy|Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy]] mu [[:en:Tufts_University|Yunivasite ya Tufts]] era mu 1968 yatikkirwa diguli ya Master of Arts mu [[:en:Political_science|byobufuzi]] ne Master of Arts mu mateeka ne diplomacy mu 1969. Yafuna diguli ye [[:en:Doctor_of_philosophy|eyookusatu]] mu gavumenti okuva mu [[:en:Harvard_University|Yunivasite y'e Harvard]] mu 1974, wansi w’obulagirizi bwa [[:en:Karl_Deutsch|Karl Deutsch]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and class formation in Uganda |url=http://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=978-0-85345-378-9 |location=New York |via=Internet Archive}}</ref> Omulamwa kw'eyatambuliza ddiguli ye eyookusatu yagiwa omutwe "''Politics and Class Formation in Uganda."'' <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and Class Formation in Uganda |url=https://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=0-85345-378-0 |location=New York |oclc=2073894 |url-access=registration}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Allen |first=Judith Van |last2=Mamdani |first2=Mahmood |last3=Shivji |first3=Issa G. |date=November 1977 |title=Reviewed Works: Politics and Class Formation in Uganda. by Mahmood Mamdani; Class Struggles in Tanzania. by Issa G. Shivji |journal=Contemporary Sociology |publisher=American Sociological Association |volume=6 |issue=6 |pages=702 |doi=10.2307/2066367 |issn=0094-3061 |eissn=1939-8638 |jstor=2066367}}</ref> == Emirimu gye == Mamdani yakomawo mu Uganda ku ntandikwa ya 1972 era naweebwa omulimu ku [[Makerere University, Uganda|yunivasite y'e Makerere]] mu Kampala [[:en:Teaching_assistant|ng'ayambako omusomesa]], mu kiseera kye kimu yali akola ku kunoonyereza kwe okwa ddiguli eyookusatu. . Ye n’Abaasia abasinga obungi [[:en:Expulsion_of_Asians_from_Uganda|baagobebwa]] mu Uganda ku nkomerero y’omwaka ogwo [[Idi Amin]] olw’amawanga gaabwe; Amin yali agenderera "kuzzaawo" bizinensi n'ebintu. Mamdani yava mu Uganda n’agenda mu nkambi y’ababundabunda mu Bungereza ku ntandikwa y'omwezi Gwekkuminoogumu. <ref name="lrb2022">{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2022-10-06 |title=The Asian Question |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v44/n19/mahmood-mamdani/the-asian-question |journal=[[London Review of Books]] |language=en |volume=44 |issue=19 |issn=0260-9592 |access-date=2025-09-08}}</ref> Yava e Bungereza mu makkati ga 1973 oluvannyuma lw’okuyingizibwa mu [[:en:University_of_Dar_es_Salaam|Yunivasite y’e Dar es Salaam]] mu Tanzania. <ref name="pambazuka"/> <ref name="cas2018">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> <ref name="bio2">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> Mu Dar es Salaam, yamaliriza okuwandiika dissertation ye. Yali mujjumbize nnyo n’ebibiina ebiwakanya Amin. Mu 1979, yeetaba mu Ttabamiruka w’e Moshi ng’omutunuulizi. Yaddayo mu Uganda oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa ku bukulembeze oluvannyuma lw'olutalo lwa [[Olutalo lwa Uganda ne Tanzania|Uganda ne Tanzania]] mu 1979. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McCormack |first=Pete |date=17 October 2005 |title=Interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.petemccormack.com/interview_mamdani_001.htm |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=petemccormack.com}}</ref> <ref name="bio2" /> Mu kiseera kino, yakozesebwa ng'omutendeke mu kibiina kya [[:en:All_Africa_Conference_of_Churches|All Africa Conference of Churches]], omukago [[:en:Ecumenical_Christian|gw'Abakristaayo ogw'ensi yonna]] ogusangibwa e [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, ng'akolera mu ofiisi [[:en:Church_of_Uganda|y'Ekkanisa ya Uganda]] mu Kampala. <ref name="lrb2022"/> Okuva mu 1980 (oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa mu ntebe mu 1979) okutuuka mu 1993 yaddamu okukolera yunivasite y’e Makerere. <ref name="bio2"/> <ref name="lrb2022"/>​[[Milton Obote|​]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kagolo |first=Francis |date=8 February 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani to be honoured among Africa's best |url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/628869-prof-mamdani-to-be-honoured-among-africa-s-best.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]]}}</ref> Yaddayo e Dar es Salaam. Oluvannyuma lwa Obote okugobwa mu ntebe omulundi ogwokubiri, Mamdani yaddamu okudda mu Uganda mu Gwomukaaga 1986. <ref name="indian tele"/> Yali dayirekita eyatandikawo ekitongole kya Centre for Basic Research (CBR), ekitongole kya Uganda ekitali kya gavumenti ekyasooka mu kunoonyereza, mwe yaweereza okuva mu 1987 okutuuka mu 1996. <ref name="diaspora">{{Cite web |date=29 November 2012 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012 |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=ugandandiaspora.com}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> <ref name="csds">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Yaliko pulofeesa omugenyi ku [[:en:University_of_Durban-Westville|Yunivasite y’e Durban]] - [[:en:Westville,_KwaZulu-Natal|Westville]] mu South Africa (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka mu Gwomukaaga 1993), ku [[:en:Nehru_Memorial_Museum_&_Library|Nehru Memorial Museum & Library]] e New Delhi (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka Gwomukaaga 1995), ne mu [[:en:Princeton_University|Yunivasite y'e Princeton]] (1995–96). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vance |first=Dara |date=2015-11-20 |title=UK Committee on Social Theory Hosts Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://uknow.uky.edu/uk-happenings/uk-committee-social-theory-hosts-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=UKNow}}</ref> Mu 1996, yalondebwa okubeera omukulembeze w’entebe ya [[:en:Archibald_Campbell_Jordan|AC Jordan]] ey'ensoma y'Afirika mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y’e Cape Town]], <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 March 2011 |title=UCT in war over 'bantu education' |url=http://mg.co.za/article/2011-03-11-uct-in-war-over-bantu-education |access-date=22 March 2013}}</ref> era ku ntandikwa ya 1997 n’afuuka akulira [[:en:Centre_for_African_Studies|ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku by'ensoma y'Afirika]] (CAS). <ref name="uwn2018">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> Yavaawo oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obutakkaanya n'abasomesa (abasinga obungi abazungu) ku bbago ly'ensoma ye ey'omusomo ogw'omusingi ku Afrika oguyitibwa "Problematising Africa". <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=June 1, 1998 |title=Is African studies to be turned into a new home for Bantu education at UCT? |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/02533959808458649 |journal=Social Dynamics |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=63–75 |doi=10.1080/02533959808458649 |issn=0253-3952 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> Mamdani, eyalaga nti ensoma eriwo eya " [[:en:Bantu_Education_Act,_1953|Bantu studies]] " (mu kujjuliza ku kusomesa Abaddugavu wansi w'enfuga [[:en:Apartheid|y'obusosoze]] ) <ref name="cas2018" /> yayimirizibwa era okukkakkana ng'alekulidde. <ref name="davis2017">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> "Ensonga ya Mamdani" ekyayogerwako mu kukubaganya ebirowoozo ku [[:en:Decolonization_of_higher_education_in_South_Africa|kununula amatendekero aga waggulu okuva mu nsoma y'abamatwale]] . Oluvannyuma yagamba nti teyalina busungu ku muntu yenna, era yalina enkolagana ennungi ekiseera kye yamalayo. Yagamba nti obutakwatagana bwali ku njawulo mu ndowooza n'addala ensengeka y’ensoma ku bikwata ku kusoma South Africa ng’ensi ya Afrika. Oluvannyuma (2018) yakomezebwawo nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa asuutibwa. [ b ] <ref name="uwn2018" /> Mu 1999, Mamdani yalondebwa okuba dayirekita w’ekitongole ekikola ku by’okunoonyereza ku Afirika mu yunivasite ya Columbia, ekifo kye yalina okutuusa mu 2004. <ref name="uwn2018"/> Okuva olwo abadde asomesa eyo (nga 2025). <ref name="haag2025">{{Cite web |last=Haag |first=Matthew |last2=Goldberg |first2=Emma |date=27 June 2025 |title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |archive-date=7 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku mbeera z’abantu ekya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=18 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University]] |archive-date=2 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002055113/http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Agaba |first=John |title=Mamdani talks about his research legacy and work at Makerere |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20220329112608625 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="bio2"/> Okutuuka mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2025 [[:en:Columbia_University#Academics|pulofeesa wa Herbert Lehman mu Gavumenti]] era pulofeesa ku nkula y'abantu, okusoma saayansi w'ebyobufuzi [[:en:African_studies|n'okusoma ku Afirika]] ku [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]].<ref name="bio2" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Faculty Bio: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/anthropology/fac-bios/mamdani/faculty.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Era akola nga chancellor wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://kiu.ac.ug/news-page.php?i=press-release-kampala-international-university-kiu-appoints-prof-mahmood-mamdani-as-chancellor |access-date=24 August 2020 |publisher=[[Kampala International University]]}}</ref> == Okunoonyereza n'okuwandiika == Mamdani yeemalira mu kunoonyereza ku byobufuzi bya Afirika n'eby'ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw'amatwale]] [[:en:Postcolonialism|n'oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale]], n'ebyobufuzi by'ebyenfuna. Ebitabo bye byekenneenya enkolagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'ebyobuwangwa, okugeraageranya [[:en:Colonialism|okufugibwa kw'amatwale]] okuva mu 1452, ebyafaayo by'entalo z'omunda [[:en:Genocide|n'ekitta bantu]] mu Afirika, [[:en:Cold_War|Olutalo olw'Ensi Yonna olw'ebigambo]] [[:en:War_on_terror|n'olutalo ku butujju]], n'ebyafaayo by'eddembe ly'obuntu.<ref>vSneh, Itai Nartzizenfield (2008). [https://books.google.com/books?id=iax4AAAAMAAJ ''The Future Almost Arrived: How Jimmy Carter Failed to Change U.S. Foreign Policy''.] [[:en:Peter_Lang_(publishing_company)|Peter Lang]]. p. 169. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780820481852|9780820481852]]</bdi>.</ref> Okunoonyereza kwe okw'omwaka 2016 kwatandikira ku kitabo kye eky'omwaka 1996, [[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]. <ref>[http://polisci.columbia.edu/people/profile/96 "Mahmood Mamdani | Department of Political Science"]. ''polisci.columbia.edu''. Retrieved 21 January 2016.</ref>Mu kitabo ekyo, yagamba nti eggwanga eryafugibwa terisobola kutegeerwa nga tewekenenyeza bulungi eggwanga eryalifuga.Enkola y'obufuzi bw'amatwale mu Afirika yali eddamu okusoomoozebwa kw'ekibuuzo "ekikulu", era yagamba nti yafuuka "amawanga agaabuluziddwamu".<ref name=":0">Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. pp. 15–16. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|<bdi>9780852553992</bdi>.]]</ref>Kino kyali kikolebwa mu ngeri bbiri: ku ludda olumu nga bafuga butereevu, nga kino kyali kikolwa kya "buyinza" era nga kyali kigenderera okuggya abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo ku ddembe ly'obuntu eryali liweebwa abatuuze mu bitundu ebirala, ate ku ludda olulala nga bafuga mu ngeri etali y'abuteerevu, nga kino kyali kikolebwa mu byalo era nga kizingiramu okuyingiza "bannansi" mu "mateeka g'eggwanga" agaateekebwawo ab'obuyinza mu byalo, era nga kino yakiyita "obwannakyemalira obw'okugabanya obuyinza".<ref name=":0" /> Embeera eno yali "yakusika muguwa" era ng'erimu "engeri bbiri ez'obuyinza wansi w'obuyinza obumu".<ref name=":0" /> Oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale, ebibuga byali tebikyayawulamu bantu lwa langi naye ebyalo byali bikyafugibwa abakulembeze abaali mu nkwawa z'abafuzi b'amatwale, ka babe abakulembeze ab'ennono oba b'ebali bakwasizzaobuyinza nga balina ebiruubirirwa by'okufugisa omukono ogw'ekyuma.<ref>Clapham, Chris (1997). "Review: Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism by Mahmood Mamdani'". ''Royal Institute of International Affairs''. '''73''': 606.</ref>Mu ngeri eno obukulembeze bwonna bwaleeta enjawukana mu mawnga era n'ekutondawo obukulembeze bwabwe obw'enjawulo obwannakyemalira.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref> Mamdani yekennenya ebyafaayo mu South Africa ne Uganda okulaga nti obufuzi bw'amatwale bwakozesa obuyinza obuyitiridde era obuyinza obwo bweyongera okubaawo oluvannyuma lw'ameefuga.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. p. 37. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref>Ng’asomooza endowooza eza bulijjo ku busosoze mu South Afrika nga ez’enjawulo, agamba nti [[:en:Apartheid|obusosoze mu mawanga]] bwali ngeri ya bulijjo ey’ettwale lya Bulaaya mu Africa, nga lizingiramu ensonga [[:en:Indirect_rule|z’obufuzi obutali butereevu]] n’okukwatagana<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1 January 1996 |title=Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism |isbn=9780852553992 |pages=16–18}}</ref> Mu kitabo kye ekyafulumizibwa mu 2004 ekya ''Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: America, the Cold War, and the Roots of Terror'' Mamdani yagamba nti [[:en:Suicide_attack|abeetuze]] balina okumanyibwa "ng'ekika ky'omujaasi" era nti balina "okutegeerwa mu ngeri y'effujjo ly'ebyobufuzi ery'omulembe guno okusinga okuvumwavumwa ng'akabonero k'obukambwe". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bickerton |first=James |date=2025-07-11 |title=Zohran Mamdani's father's remark about suicide bombers comes under scrutiny |url=https://www.newsweek.com/zohran-mamdani-father-remark-about-suicide-bombers-comes-under-scrutiny-2097793 |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref> Omuyivu omu yagamba nti kino si kuwagira kwettisa bbomu wabula kwekenneenya okwanenya '"okusalawo kwa Amerika ku nkola y'ensonga z'ebweru naddala mu kiseera ky'olutalo olw'ebigambo", okutondawo embeera [[:en:Islamic_extremism|y'Obusiraamu obw'annalukalala]] [[:en:Political_violence|n'effujjo mu byobufuzi]] " mwe byakulaakulanira. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Murray |first=Conor |date=Jul 11, 2025 |title=Mahmood Mamdani's Work Does Not Advocate Violence, Expert Says |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/conormurray/2025/07/11/sequoias-maguire-unfairly-targets-zohran-mamdanis-father-fellow-academic-says/ |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko bye bifulumiddde mu ''[[:en:London_Review_of_Books|London Review of Books]]'' n'ekampuni ezifulumya ebitabo ebirala.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/contributors/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=London Review of Books |language=en-GB}}</ref> Okusinziira ku CAS, ebiwandiiko bya Mamdani "bibadde bikulu mu kusomebwa abayizi abali ku misomo gyabwe egya undergraduate ne Postgraduate ku UCT ssaako n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo ku nsoma y'ebyafaayo n'ebyobufuzi bya Afirika , nga banonyereza ku nkwatagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'obuwangwa, okugerageranya obufuzi bw'amatwale, entalo ez'omunda mu ggwanga n'ekittabantu mu Afirika".<ref name="uwn20182">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> == Emirimu gy'emirala == Okuva mu 1998 <ref name="bio22">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> oba 1999 okutuuka mu 2002, Mamdani yaweereza nga pulezidenti w'olukiiko olukulaakulanya okunoonyereza ku ssaayansi w'embeera z'abantu mu Afrika ([[:en:Council_for_the_Development_of_Social_Science_Research_in_Africa|Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa]]). <ref name="cas20182">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumineebiri 2001, yawa okwogera ku "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" mu lukungaana lwa [[:en:Nobel_Prize|Nobel Centennial Symposium]] e [[:en:Oslo|Oslo]], Norway. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 December 2001 |title=Speech by Dr. Mahmood Mamdani: "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/mediaplayer/index.php?id=1281 |access-date=24 March 2013 |publisher=Nobel Prize}}</ref> Mu Gwomwenda 2006, Mamdani yali omu ku boogezi abaayitibwa mu lukuŋŋaana lw’ekibiina kya [[:en:Ugandan_North_American_Association_(UNAA)|Uganda North American Association (UNAA)]] mu kibuga New York. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2006-09-05 |title=UNAA Convention was disorganised! |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/news/1141390/unaa-convention-disorganised |access-date=2026-02-18 |publisher=New Vision (Kampala)}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano 2011, mu kiseera ky'okwekalakaasa okwali mu kibangirizi kya Tahrir([[:en:Tahrir_Square_protests|Tahrir Square protests]]) mu kibuga [[:en:Cairo|Cairo]], Misiri, Mamdani yayitibwa okwogerako mu [[:en:American_University_of_Cairo|Yunivasite y’Amerika e Cairo]]. Ng’ayogera eri abayizi mu [[:en:University_of_KwaZulu-Natal|yunivasite y’e KwaZulu-Natal]] mu South Africa mu 2012, kino yakigeraageranya n’obwegugungo obwaliwo mu Soweto ([[:en:1976_Soweto_uprising|Soweto Uprising]]) mu 1976 . <ref name="kwazulu2012">{{Cite web |date=24 April 2012 |title=Address on Receiving an Honorary Doctorate at the University of Kwazulu Natal |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/mesaas/images/faculty/news/Mamdani%20commencement.pdf |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumi 2011, Mamdani (nga bali wamu ne Rhoda Ann Kanaaneh) y'eyali omwogezi omukulu mu lukungaana lw’eggwanga olwasooka olw’abayizi olwa [[:en:Students_for_Justice_in_Palestine|Students for Justice in Palestine]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Silver |first=Carly |date=2011-10-16 |title=Reporting live from the first-ever SJP National Conference |url=https://newvoices.org/2011/10/15/reporting-live-from-the-first-ever-sjp-national-conference/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=New Voices |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nathan-Kazis |first=Josh |date=2011-10-11 |title=Pro-Palestinian Student Activists Plan First National Conference |url=https://forward.com/news/144173/pro-palestinian-student-activists-plan-push/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=The Forward |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2017 yayitibwa okuwa omusomo ku lunaku lwa [[:en:TB_Davie_Memorial_Lecture|TB Davie Memorial]] ku ddembe ly'okusoma mu Yunivasite y'e Cape Town, era emboozi ye, eyatuumibwa "Decolonising the Post-Colonial University" yaleetawo okukubaganya ebirowoozo kungi. <ref name="uwn20183">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="davis20172">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> Okuva mu Gwekkumineebiri 2017 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2018, Mamdani yaweereza nga Rajni Kothari Chair Professor mu [[:en:Centre_for_the_Study_of_Developing_Societies|Center for the Study of Developing Societies]] mu [[:en:Delhi|Delhi,]] Buyindi. Oluvannyuma lw'ekisanja kye okuggwako, nga 4 Ogwokuna 2018 yawa omusomo gwa Rajni Kothari Chair ogutegekebwa buli mwaka, ogwatuumibwa "Okulowooza ku bwenkanya okuyita mu bumanyirivu bw'Afirika mu kyasa eky'amakumi abiri". <ref name="csds2">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Alabikidde mu firimu z’ebyafaayo ng’omukugu okugeza, ''[[:en:Rwanda:_The_Untold_Story|Rwanda: The Untold Story]]'' (2014, [[:en:BBC|BBC]] ), ''The Dictator’s Playbook'' (2018, [[:en:PBS|PBS]] ) ne ''[[:en:How_to_Become_a_Tyrant|How to Become a Tyrant]]'' (2021, [[:en:Netflix|Netflix]]). <ref>{{Cite AV media|url=https://www.pbs.org/video/idi-amin-3ol3rz/|title=The Dictator's Playbook {{!}} Idi Amin {{!}} Episode 6|language=en|publisher=[[PBS]]|via=}}</ref> Yalabikira mu firimu ya [[:en:Cameo_appearance|cameo]] ,mu firimu ya 2012 ''eya [[:en:The_Reluctant_Fundamentalist_(film)|The Reluctant Fundamentalist]]'', eyakulemberwamu mukyala we. <ref>{{Cite AV media|title=[[The Reluctant Fundamentalist]]|date=2012|last=Nair|first=Mira|publisher=[[IFC Films]]}}</ref> Mu 2024, yeegatta ku [[:en:Gaza_tribunal|Gaza Tribunal]], eyagenderera "okuzuukusa ebibiina by'obwannakyewa ku buvunaanyizibwa bwabyo n'okukomya ekittabantu kya Yisirayiri mu Gaza." <ref>{{Cite web |title=Home |url=https://gazatribunal.com/ |access-date=2025-12-07 |website=Gaza Tribunal |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title='Gaza Tribunal' established in London to seek justice for war crimes in Gaza |url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/europe/-gaza-tribunal-established-in-london-to-seek-justice-for-war-crimes-in-gaza/3383887 |access-date=2026-01-07 |website=www.aa.com.tr}}</ref> == Okusiimibwa == Mu 2008, mu kunoonyereza okwakolebwa ku mutimbagano mu lwatu, Mamdani yalondebwa ng'owomwenda ku bantu abagezi abasinga mu nsi yonna ku lukalala lw'abagezigezi 100 okuva mu ''[[:en:Prospect_(magazine)|Prospect Magazine]]'' (UK) ne ''[[:en:Foreign_Policy|Foreign Policy]]'' (US). <ref>{{Cite web |date=2008 |title=The 2008 List |url=http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/prospect-100-intellectuals/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090930143349/http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/prospect-100-intellectuals/ |archive-date=30 September 2009 |publisher=[[Prospect (magazine)|Prospect Magazine]] (UK) / [[Foreign Policy]] (US)}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |date=2008 |title=The World's Top 20 Public Intellectuals |journal=Foreign Policy |publisher=Slate Group, LLC |issue=167 |pages=54–57 |issn=0015-7228 |eissn=1945-2276 |jstor=25462318}}</ref> == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] dqhycvpd4cn0lgsjnkpbhodlz4mms8u 48694 48693 2026-05-03T09:47:37Z Charles Kalanzi 9748 48694 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mahmood Mamdani''' [ a ] FBA (yazaalibwa 23 Ogwokuna 1946) munnayuganda [[:en:Anthropologist|omukugu mu by'enkula y'abantu]], munnaby'anjigiriza, era omukugu mu by'obufuzi. Ye Herbert Lehman Pulofeesa wa Gavumenti era pulofeesa w’ensonga z'ekikula ky'abantu, [[:en:Political_science|ssaayansi w’ebyobufuzi]], n’okunoonyereza [[:en:African_studies|ku nsoma y'Afirika]] mu [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]] . Era akola nga Ccansala wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda, era nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa ku Center for African Studis mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y'e Cape Town]] . Emabegako yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole kya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. Mamdani mukugu mu kusoma ebyobufuzi bya Afrika n’ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw’amatwale]] n’oluvannyuma [[:en:Postcolonialism|lw'obufuzi bw’amatwale]], n’ebyobufuzi [[:en:Knowledge_economy|by’ebyenfuna]] . Mufumbo nga mukazi we ye [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]] omuzannyi wa firimu . Ye ne Nair be bazadde ba [[:en:New_York_City_Mayor|Meeya w'ekibuga New York]] [[Zohran Mamdani]] . == Obuto bwe n’okusoma == Mahmood Mamdani yazaalibwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1946 mu [[:en:Bombay|kibuga Bombay]] (kati Mumbai), Buyindi, ng’ebula omwaka gumu [[:en:British_Raj|enfuga ya Bungereza]] ekome. <ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/education/news/mahmood-mamdani-education-and-career-path-how-zohran-mamdanis-father-built-a-legacy-of-revolution-through-ideas-and-exile/articleshow/122064130.cms "Mahmood Mamdani education and career path: How Zohran Mamdani's father built a legacy of revolution through ideas and exile"]. ''The Times of India''. 25 June 2025. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN&nbsp;]][https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-8257 0971-825]7. Retrieved 13 July 2025.</ref> <ref name="codesria">{{Cite web |title=Pr. Mahmood Mamdani (1998-2002) |url=https://codesria.org/pr-mahmood-mamdani-1998-2002/ |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> Yakulira mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=23 February 2021 |title=Mahmood Mamdani on Uganda |url=https://africasacountry.com/2011/04/mamdani-on-uganda |website=Africa is a Country}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Permanent Minorities and the Politics of Survivors: A conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://worldpeacefoundation.org/blog/permanent-minorities-and-the-politics-of-survivors-a-conversation-with-mahmood-mamdani/ |website=World Peace Foundation}}</ref> ng'omu ku [[:en:Indian_diaspora_in_Southeast_Africa|Bayindi ababundabunda mu bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba bwa Afrika]] . Bazadde be bombi, [[:en:Gujarati_Muslim|basiraamu Abagujarati]], baazaalibwa era ne bakulira mu kitundu kya Bungereza eky'amatwale ki [[:en:Tanganyika_Territory|Tanganyika]] (leero Tanzania). Abafumbo bano baagenda e Bombay olwo kitaawe n’asomerayo mu ttendekero ekkulu. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Chen |first=Kuan-Hsing |last2=Gao |first2=Shiming |last3=Tang |first3=Xiaolin |date=2016 |title=The formation of an African intellectual: an interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |journal=Inter-Asia Cultural Studies |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=456–480 |doi=10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref>Muhoozi, Mourice (6 March 2022). [https://www.watchdoguganda.com/news/20220306/131449/meet-ugandas-most-iconic-academician-prof-mahmood-mamdani.html "Meet Uganda's most Iconic academician, Prof. Mahmood Mamdani"]. ''Watchdog Uganda''</ref> Famire yaddayo e [[:en:Dar_es_Salaam|Dar es Salaam]], Tanganyika, nga Mamdani wa myaka ebiri, ne bagenda e Uganda nga wa myaka etaano oba mukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Mu kiseera ekyo, Uganda yali yayawulwamu okusinziira ku mawanga, omuli abantu gye babeera, amasomero, emizikiti, n’ebifo abaana we bazannyira. Okusoma kwe mu pulayimale, Mamdani yasooka kugenda mu [[:en:Madrasa|madarasa]], n’oluvannyuma mu Government Indian Primary School. <ref name=":8"/> Yakula ng'ayogera [[:en:Gujarati_language|Olugujarati]], [[:en:Urdu|Oluurdu]] [[:en:Swahili_language|n'Oluswayiri]] . Yatandika okusoma Olungereza mu kibiina eky’omukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Oluvannyuma lw’okusoma siniya ey’awansi, yasomera ku Old Kampala Senior Secondary School, gye yali omuwandiisi w’ekibiina kya Do-it-Yourself Physics. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uganda: Buganda And Uganda At Crossroads |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090826030635/http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |archive-date=26 August 2009 |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=AllAfrica}}</ref> Mamdani yali omu ku bayizi Bannayuganda 23 abaali mu kibiina kya [[:en:The_Kennedy_Airlift|Kennedy Airlift]] mu 1963, enteekateeka ya sikaala eyaweebwa ssente okuva mu Amerika eyaleetera ebikumi n’ebikumi by'abayizi okuva mu [[:en:East_Africa|Buvanjuba bwa Afrika]] okusomera ku yunivasite mu Amerika ne Canada wakati wa 1959 ne 1963. <ref name="indian tele">{{Cite web |last=Sen |first=Manjula |date=25 January 2009 |title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |archive-date=2 February 2009 |access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref> Mamdani yatikkirwa diguli ya Bachelor of Arts okuva mu [[:en:University_of_Pittsburgh|Yunivasite y’e Pittsburgh]] <ref name="codesria"/> mu 1967. <ref>{{Cite book |date=1 January 2010 |title=International Encyclopedia of Civil Society |url=https://link.springer.com/referencework/10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |vauthors=((Anheier, H. K.)), ((Toepler, S.)) |publisher=Springer US |isbn=978-0-387-93994-0 |editor-last=Anheier |editor-first=Helmut K. |doi=10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |editor-last2=Toepler |editor-first2=Stefan}}</ref> Yali omu ku bayizi abangi mu bukiikakkono bwa Amerika abaali mu lugendo lwa bbaasi mu bukiikaddyo okutuuka e [[:en:Montgomery,_Alabama|Montgomery, Alabama]], olwategekebwa [[:en:Student_Nonviolent_Coordinating_Committee|akakiiko akakwasaganya abayizi abatali ba ffujjo]] mu Gwokusatu 1965 okwetaba mu kaweefube w'okulwanirira [[:en:Civil_rights_movement|eddembe ly’obuntu]] . Kino kyaliwo mu kiseera ky’okutambula okuva e [[:en:Selma_to_Montgomery_marches|Selma okutuuka e Montgomery]], naye nga kyo kya njawulo. Yasibibwa mu kkomera mu kutambula kuno era n’akkirizibwa okukuba essimu. Mamdani yakubira [[:en:Embassy_of_Uganda,_Washington,_D.C.|omubaka wa Uganda]] e [[:en:Washington,_DC|Washington, DC]], amuyambe. Omubaka yamubuuza lwaki "ayingirira ensonga z'omunda mu nsi engwira", n'amuddamu nti teyali nsonga ya munda wabula olutalo lw'eddembe era nti nabo eddembe lyabwe baali bakalifuna omwaka ogwakaggwa. <ref name="pambazuka">{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=28 April 2007 |title=The Asian question again: A reflection |url=http://www.pambazuka.org/en/category/comment/41273 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]] (Uganda) |via=pambazuka.org}}</ref> Amangu ddala nga wayiseewo akaseera katono, Mamdani yategeera ku mulimu gwa [[:en:Karl_Marx|Karl Marx]] okuva mu kukyala kwe ku FBI. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Shringarpure |first=Bhakti |author-link=Bhakti Shringarpure |date=15 July 2013 |title=In Conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.warscapes.com/conversations/conversation-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=6 November 2017 |website=Warscapes |language=en |quote=I thought the guy Marx had just died. […] So that was my introduction to Karl Marx.}}</ref> Yasomera ku [[:en:Fletcher_School_of_Law_and_Diplomacy|Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy]] mu [[:en:Tufts_University|Yunivasite ya Tufts]] era mu 1968 yatikkirwa diguli ya Master of Arts mu [[:en:Political_science|byobufuzi]] ne Master of Arts mu mateeka ne diplomacy mu 1969. Yafuna diguli ye [[:en:Doctor_of_philosophy|eyookusatu]] mu gavumenti okuva mu [[:en:Harvard_University|Yunivasite y'e Harvard]] mu 1974, wansi w’obulagirizi bwa [[:en:Karl_Deutsch|Karl Deutsch]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and class formation in Uganda |url=http://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=978-0-85345-378-9 |location=New York |via=Internet Archive}}</ref> Omulamwa kw'eyatambuliza ddiguli ye eyookusatu yagiwa omutwe "''Politics and Class Formation in Uganda."'' <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and Class Formation in Uganda |url=https://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=0-85345-378-0 |location=New York |oclc=2073894 |url-access=registration}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Allen |first=Judith Van |last2=Mamdani |first2=Mahmood |last3=Shivji |first3=Issa G. |date=November 1977 |title=Reviewed Works: Politics and Class Formation in Uganda. by Mahmood Mamdani; Class Struggles in Tanzania. by Issa G. Shivji |journal=Contemporary Sociology |publisher=American Sociological Association |volume=6 |issue=6 |pages=702 |doi=10.2307/2066367 |issn=0094-3061 |eissn=1939-8638 |jstor=2066367}}</ref> == Emirimu gye == Mamdani yakomawo mu Uganda ku ntandikwa ya 1972 era naweebwa omulimu ku [[Makerere University, Uganda|yunivasite y'e Makerere]] mu Kampala [[:en:Teaching_assistant|ng'ayambako omusomesa]], mu kiseera kye kimu yali akola ku kunoonyereza kwe okwa ddiguli eyookusatu. . Ye n’Abaasia abasinga obungi [[:en:Expulsion_of_Asians_from_Uganda|baagobebwa]] mu Uganda ku nkomerero y’omwaka ogwo [[Idi Amin]] olw’amawanga gaabwe; Amin yali agenderera "kuzzaawo" bizinensi n'ebintu. Mamdani yava mu Uganda n’agenda mu nkambi y’ababundabunda mu Bungereza ku ntandikwa y'omwezi Gwekkuminoogumu. <ref name="lrb2022">{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2022-10-06 |title=The Asian Question |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v44/n19/mahmood-mamdani/the-asian-question |journal=[[London Review of Books]] |language=en |volume=44 |issue=19 |issn=0260-9592 |access-date=2025-09-08}}</ref> Yava e Bungereza mu makkati ga 1973 oluvannyuma lw’okuyingizibwa mu [[:en:University_of_Dar_es_Salaam|Yunivasite y’e Dar es Salaam]] mu Tanzania. <ref name="pambazuka"/> <ref name="cas2018">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> <ref name="bio2">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> Mu Dar es Salaam, yamaliriza okuwandiika dissertation ye. Yali mujjumbize nnyo n’ebibiina ebiwakanya Amin. Mu 1979, yeetaba mu Ttabamiruka w’e Moshi ng’omutunuulizi. Yaddayo mu Uganda oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa ku bukulembeze oluvannyuma lw'olutalo lwa [[Olutalo lwa Uganda ne Tanzania|Uganda ne Tanzania]] mu 1979. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McCormack |first=Pete |date=17 October 2005 |title=Interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.petemccormack.com/interview_mamdani_001.htm |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=petemccormack.com}}</ref> <ref name="bio2" /> Mu kiseera kino, yakozesebwa ng'omutendeke mu kibiina kya [[:en:All_Africa_Conference_of_Churches|All Africa Conference of Churches]], omukago [[:en:Ecumenical_Christian|gw'Abakristaayo ogw'ensi yonna]] ogusangibwa e [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, ng'akolera mu ofiisi [[:en:Church_of_Uganda|y'Ekkanisa ya Uganda]] mu Kampala. <ref name="lrb2022"/> Okuva mu 1980 (oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa mu ntebe mu 1979) okutuuka mu 1993 yaddamu okukolera yunivasite y’e Makerere. <ref name="bio2"/> <ref name="lrb2022"/>​[[Milton Obote|​]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kagolo |first=Francis |date=8 February 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani to be honoured among Africa's best |url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/628869-prof-mamdani-to-be-honoured-among-africa-s-best.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]]}}</ref> Yaddayo e Dar es Salaam. Oluvannyuma lwa Obote okugobwa mu ntebe omulundi ogwokubiri, Mamdani yaddamu okudda mu Uganda mu Gwomukaaga 1986. <ref name="indian tele"/> Yali dayirekita eyatandikawo ekitongole kya Centre for Basic Research (CBR), ekitongole kya Uganda ekitali kya gavumenti ekyasooka mu kunoonyereza, mwe yaweereza okuva mu 1987 okutuuka mu 1996. <ref name="diaspora">{{Cite web |date=29 November 2012 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012 |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=ugandandiaspora.com}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> <ref name="csds">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Yaliko pulofeesa omugenyi ku [[:en:University_of_Durban-Westville|Yunivasite y’e Durban]] - [[:en:Westville,_KwaZulu-Natal|Westville]] mu South Africa (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka mu Gwomukaaga 1993), ku [[:en:Nehru_Memorial_Museum_&_Library|Nehru Memorial Museum & Library]] e New Delhi (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka Gwomukaaga 1995), ne mu [[:en:Princeton_University|Yunivasite y'e Princeton]] (1995–96). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vance |first=Dara |date=2015-11-20 |title=UK Committee on Social Theory Hosts Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://uknow.uky.edu/uk-happenings/uk-committee-social-theory-hosts-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=UKNow}}</ref> Mu 1996, yalondebwa okubeera omukulembeze w’entebe ya [[:en:Archibald_Campbell_Jordan|AC Jordan]] ey'ensoma y'Afirika mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y’e Cape Town]], <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 March 2011 |title=UCT in war over 'bantu education' |url=http://mg.co.za/article/2011-03-11-uct-in-war-over-bantu-education |access-date=22 March 2013}}</ref> era ku ntandikwa ya 1997 n’afuuka akulira [[:en:Centre_for_African_Studies|ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku by'ensoma y'Afirika]] (CAS). <ref name="uwn2018">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> Yavaawo oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obutakkaanya n'abasomesa (abasinga obungi abazungu) ku bbago ly'ensoma ye ey'omusomo ogw'omusingi ku Afrika oguyitibwa "Problematising Africa". <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=June 1, 1998 |title=Is African studies to be turned into a new home for Bantu education at UCT? |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/02533959808458649 |journal=Social Dynamics |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=63–75 |doi=10.1080/02533959808458649 |issn=0253-3952 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> Mamdani, eyalaga nti ensoma eriwo eya " [[:en:Bantu_Education_Act,_1953|Bantu studies]] " (mu kujjuliza ku kusomesa Abaddugavu wansi w'enfuga [[:en:Apartheid|y'obusosoze]] ) <ref name="cas2018" /> yayimirizibwa era okukkakkana ng'alekulidde. <ref name="davis2017">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> "Ensonga ya Mamdani" ekyayogerwako mu kukubaganya ebirowoozo ku [[:en:Decolonization_of_higher_education_in_South_Africa|kununula amatendekero aga waggulu okuva mu nsoma y'abamatwale]] . Oluvannyuma yagamba nti teyalina busungu ku muntu yenna, era yalina enkolagana ennungi ekiseera kye yamalayo. Yagamba nti obutakwatagana bwali ku njawulo mu ndowooza n'addala ensengeka y’ensoma ku bikwata ku kusoma South Africa ng’ensi ya Afrika. Oluvannyuma (2018) yakomezebwawo nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa asuutibwa. [ b ] <ref name="uwn2018" /> Mu 1999, Mamdani yalondebwa okuba dayirekita w’ekitongole ekikola ku by’okunoonyereza ku Afirika mu yunivasite ya Columbia, ekifo kye yalina okutuusa mu 2004. <ref name="uwn2018"/> Okuva olwo abadde asomesa eyo (nga 2025). <ref name="haag2025">{{Cite web |last=Haag |first=Matthew |last2=Goldberg |first2=Emma |date=27 June 2025 |title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |archive-date=7 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku mbeera z’abantu ekya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=18 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University]] |archive-date=2 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002055113/http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Agaba |first=John |title=Mamdani talks about his research legacy and work at Makerere |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20220329112608625 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="bio2"/> Okutuuka mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2025 [[:en:Columbia_University#Academics|pulofeesa wa Herbert Lehman mu Gavumenti]] era pulofeesa ku nkula y'abantu, okusoma saayansi w'ebyobufuzi [[:en:African_studies|n'okusoma ku Afirika]] ku [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]].<ref name="bio2" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Faculty Bio: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/anthropology/fac-bios/mamdani/faculty.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Era akola nga chancellor wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://kiu.ac.ug/news-page.php?i=press-release-kampala-international-university-kiu-appoints-prof-mahmood-mamdani-as-chancellor |access-date=24 August 2020 |publisher=[[Kampala International University]]}}</ref> == Okunoonyereza n'okuwandiika == Mamdani yeemalira mu kunoonyereza ku byobufuzi bya Afirika n'eby'ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw'amatwale]] [[:en:Postcolonialism|n'oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale]], n'ebyobufuzi by'ebyenfuna. Ebitabo bye byekenneenya enkolagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'ebyobuwangwa, okugeraageranya [[:en:Colonialism|okufugibwa kw'amatwale]] okuva mu 1452, ebyafaayo by'entalo z'omunda [[:en:Genocide|n'ekitta bantu]] mu Afirika, [[:en:Cold_War|Olutalo olw'Ensi Yonna olw'ebigambo]] [[:en:War_on_terror|n'olutalo ku butujju]], n'ebyafaayo by'eddembe ly'obuntu.<ref>vSneh, Itai Nartzizenfield (2008). [https://books.google.com/books?id=iax4AAAAMAAJ ''The Future Almost Arrived: How Jimmy Carter Failed to Change U.S. Foreign Policy''.] [[:en:Peter_Lang_(publishing_company)|Peter Lang]]. p. 169. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780820481852|9780820481852]]</bdi>.</ref> Okunoonyereza kwe okw'omwaka 2016 kwatandikira ku kitabo kye eky'omwaka 1996, [[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]. <ref>[http://polisci.columbia.edu/people/profile/96 "Mahmood Mamdani | Department of Political Science"]. ''polisci.columbia.edu''. Retrieved 21 January 2016.</ref>Mu kitabo ekyo, yagamba nti eggwanga eryafugibwa terisobola kutegeerwa nga tewekenenyeza bulungi eggwanga eryalifuga.Enkola y'obufuzi bw'amatwale mu Afirika yali eddamu okusoomoozebwa kw'ekibuuzo "ekikulu", era yagamba nti yafuuka "amawanga agaabuluziddwamu".<ref name=":0">Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. pp. 15–16. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|<bdi>9780852553992</bdi>.]]</ref>Kino kyali kikolebwa mu ngeri bbiri: ku ludda olumu nga bafuga butereevu, nga kino kyali kikolwa kya "buyinza" era nga kyali kigenderera okuggya abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo ku ddembe ly'obuntu eryali liweebwa abatuuze mu bitundu ebirala, ate ku ludda olulala nga bafuga mu ngeri etali y'abuteerevu, nga kino kyali kikolebwa mu byalo era nga kizingiramu okuyingiza "bannansi" mu "mateeka g'eggwanga" agaateekebwawo ab'obuyinza mu byalo, era nga kino yakiyita "obwannakyemalira obw'okugabanya obuyinza".<ref name=":0" /> Embeera eno yali "yakusika muguwa" era ng'erimu "engeri bbiri ez'obuyinza wansi w'obuyinza obumu".<ref name=":0" /> Oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale, ebibuga byali tebikyayawulamu bantu lwa langi naye ebyalo byali bikyafugibwa abakulembeze abaali mu nkwawa z'abafuzi b'amatwale, ka babe abakulembeze ab'ennono oba b'ebali bakwasizzaobuyinza nga balina ebiruubirirwa by'okufugisa omukono ogw'ekyuma.<ref>Clapham, Chris (1997). "Review: Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism by Mahmood Mamdani'". ''Royal Institute of International Affairs''. '''73''': 606.</ref>Mu ngeri eno obukulembeze bwonna bwaleeta enjawukana mu mawnga era n'ekutondawo obukulembeze bwabwe obw'enjawulo obwannakyemalira.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref> Mamdani yekennenya ebyafaayo mu South Africa ne Uganda okulaga nti obufuzi bw'amatwale bwakozesa obuyinza obuyitiridde era obuyinza obwo bweyongera okubaawo oluvannyuma lw'ameefuga.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. p. 37. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref>Ng’asomooza endowooza eza bulijjo ku busosoze mu South Afrika nga ez’enjawulo, agamba nti [[:en:Apartheid|obusosoze mu mawanga]] bwali ngeri ya bulijjo ey’ettwale lya Bulaaya mu Africa, nga lizingiramu ensonga [[:en:Indirect_rule|z’obufuzi obutali butereevu]] n’okukwatagana<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1 January 1996 |title=Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism |isbn=9780852553992 |pages=16–18}}</ref> Mu kitabo kye ekyafulumizibwa mu 2004 ekya ''Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: America, the Cold War, and the Roots of Terror'' Mamdani yagamba nti [[:en:Suicide_attack|abeetuze]] balina okumanyibwa "ng'ekika ky'omujaasi" era nti balina "okutegeerwa mu ngeri y'effujjo ly'ebyobufuzi ery'omulembe guno okusinga okuvumwavumwa ng'akabonero k'obukambwe". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bickerton |first=James |date=2025-07-11 |title=Zohran Mamdani's father's remark about suicide bombers comes under scrutiny |url=https://www.newsweek.com/zohran-mamdani-father-remark-about-suicide-bombers-comes-under-scrutiny-2097793 |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref> Omuyivu omu yagamba nti kino si kuwagira kwettisa bbomu wabula kwekenneenya okwanenya '"okusalawo kwa Amerika ku nkola y'ensonga z'ebweru naddala mu kiseera ky'olutalo olw'ebigambo", okutondawo embeera [[:en:Islamic_extremism|y'Obusiraamu obw'annalukalala]] [[:en:Political_violence|n'effujjo mu byobufuzi]] " mwe byakulaakulanira. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Murray |first=Conor |date=Jul 11, 2025 |title=Mahmood Mamdani's Work Does Not Advocate Violence, Expert Says |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/conormurray/2025/07/11/sequoias-maguire-unfairly-targets-zohran-mamdanis-father-fellow-academic-says/ |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko bye bifulumiddde mu ''[[:en:London_Review_of_Books|London Review of Books]]'' n'ekampuni ezifulumya ebitabo ebirala.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/contributors/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=London Review of Books |language=en-GB}}</ref> Okusinziira ku CAS, ebiwandiiko bya Mamdani "bibadde bikulu mu kusomebwa abayizi abali ku misomo gyabwe egya undergraduate ne Postgraduate ku UCT ssaako n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo ku nsoma y'ebyafaayo n'ebyobufuzi bya Afirika , nga banonyereza ku nkwatagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'obuwangwa, okugerageranya obufuzi bw'amatwale, entalo ez'omunda mu ggwanga n'ekittabantu mu Afirika".<ref name="uwn20182">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> == Emirimu gy'emirala == Okuva mu 1998 <ref name="bio22">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> oba 1999 okutuuka mu 2002, Mamdani yaweereza nga pulezidenti w'olukiiko olukulaakulanya okunoonyereza ku ssaayansi w'embeera z'abantu mu Afrika ([[:en:Council_for_the_Development_of_Social_Science_Research_in_Africa|Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa]]). <ref name="cas20182">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumineebiri 2001, yawa okwogera ku "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" mu lukungaana lwa [[:en:Nobel_Prize|Nobel Centennial Symposium]] e [[:en:Oslo|Oslo]], Norway. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 December 2001 |title=Speech by Dr. Mahmood Mamdani: "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/mediaplayer/index.php?id=1281 |access-date=24 March 2013 |publisher=Nobel Prize}}</ref> Mu Gwomwenda 2006, Mamdani yali omu ku boogezi abaayitibwa mu lukuŋŋaana lw’ekibiina kya [[:en:Ugandan_North_American_Association_(UNAA)|Uganda North American Association (UNAA)]] mu kibuga New York. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2006-09-05 |title=UNAA Convention was disorganised! |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/news/1141390/unaa-convention-disorganised |access-date=2026-02-18 |publisher=New Vision (Kampala)}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano 2011, mu kiseera ky'okwekalakaasa okwali mu kibangirizi kya Tahrir([[:en:Tahrir_Square_protests|Tahrir Square protests]]) mu kibuga [[:en:Cairo|Cairo]], Misiri, Mamdani yayitibwa okwogerako mu [[:en:American_University_of_Cairo|Yunivasite y’Amerika e Cairo]]. Ng’ayogera eri abayizi mu [[:en:University_of_KwaZulu-Natal|yunivasite y’e KwaZulu-Natal]] mu South Africa mu 2012, kino yakigeraageranya n’obwegugungo obwaliwo mu Soweto ([[:en:1976_Soweto_uprising|Soweto Uprising]]) mu 1976 . <ref name="kwazulu2012">{{Cite web |date=24 April 2012 |title=Address on Receiving an Honorary Doctorate at the University of Kwazulu Natal |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/mesaas/images/faculty/news/Mamdani%20commencement.pdf |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumi 2011, Mamdani (nga bali wamu ne Rhoda Ann Kanaaneh) y'eyali omwogezi omukulu mu lukungaana lw’eggwanga olwasooka olw’abayizi olwa [[:en:Students_for_Justice_in_Palestine|Students for Justice in Palestine]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Silver |first=Carly |date=2011-10-16 |title=Reporting live from the first-ever SJP National Conference |url=https://newvoices.org/2011/10/15/reporting-live-from-the-first-ever-sjp-national-conference/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=New Voices |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nathan-Kazis |first=Josh |date=2011-10-11 |title=Pro-Palestinian Student Activists Plan First National Conference |url=https://forward.com/news/144173/pro-palestinian-student-activists-plan-push/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=The Forward |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2017 yayitibwa okuwa omusomo ku lunaku lwa [[:en:TB_Davie_Memorial_Lecture|TB Davie Memorial]] ku ddembe ly'okusoma mu Yunivasite y'e Cape Town, era emboozi ye, eyatuumibwa "Decolonising the Post-Colonial University" yaleetawo okukubaganya ebirowoozo kungi. <ref name="uwn20183">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="davis20172">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> Okuva mu Gwekkumineebiri 2017 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2018, Mamdani yaweereza nga Rajni Kothari Chair Professor mu [[:en:Centre_for_the_Study_of_Developing_Societies|Center for the Study of Developing Societies]] mu [[:en:Delhi|Delhi,]] Buyindi. Oluvannyuma lw'ekisanja kye okuggwako, nga 4 Ogwokuna 2018 yawa omusomo gwa Rajni Kothari Chair ogutegekebwa buli mwaka, ogwatuumibwa "Okulowooza ku bwenkanya okuyita mu bumanyirivu bw'Afirika mu kyasa eky'amakumi abiri". <ref name="csds2">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Alabikidde mu firimu z’ebyafaayo ng’omukugu okugeza, ''[[:en:Rwanda:_The_Untold_Story|Rwanda: The Untold Story]]'' (2014, [[:en:BBC|BBC]] ), ''The Dictator’s Playbook'' (2018, [[:en:PBS|PBS]] ) ne ''[[:en:How_to_Become_a_Tyrant|How to Become a Tyrant]]'' (2021, [[:en:Netflix|Netflix]]). <ref>{{Cite AV media|url=https://www.pbs.org/video/idi-amin-3ol3rz/|title=The Dictator's Playbook {{!}} Idi Amin {{!}} Episode 6|language=en|publisher=[[PBS]]|via=}}</ref> Yalabikira mu firimu ya [[:en:Cameo_appearance|cameo]] ,mu firimu ya 2012 ''eya [[:en:The_Reluctant_Fundamentalist_(film)|The Reluctant Fundamentalist]]'', eyakulemberwamu mukyala we. <ref>{{Cite AV media|title=[[The Reluctant Fundamentalist]]|date=2012|last=Nair|first=Mira|publisher=[[IFC Films]]}}</ref> Mu 2024, yeegatta ku [[:en:Gaza_tribunal|Gaza Tribunal]], eyagenderera "okuzuukusa ebibiina by'obwannakyewa ku buvunaanyizibwa bwabyo n'okukomya ekittabantu kya Yisirayiri mu Gaza." <ref>{{Cite web |title=Home |url=https://gazatribunal.com/ |access-date=2025-12-07 |website=Gaza Tribunal |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title='Gaza Tribunal' established in London to seek justice for war crimes in Gaza |url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/europe/-gaza-tribunal-established-in-london-to-seek-justice-for-war-crimes-in-gaza/3383887 |access-date=2026-01-07 |website=www.aa.com.tr}}</ref> == Okusiimibwa == Mu 2008, mu kunoonyereza okwakolebwa ku mutimbagano mu lwatu, Mamdani yalondebwa ng'owomwenda ku bantu abagezi abasinga mu nsi yonna ku lukalala lw'abagezigezi 100 okuva mu ''[[:en:Prospect_(magazine)|Prospect Magazine]]'' (UK) ne ''[[:en:Foreign_Policy|Foreign Policy]]'' (US). <ref>{{Cite web |date=2008 |title=The 2008 List |url=http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/prospect-100-intellectuals/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090930143349/http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/prospect-100-intellectuals/ |archive-date=30 September 2009 |publisher=[[Prospect (magazine)|Prospect Magazine]] (UK) / [[Foreign Policy]] (US)}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |date=2008 |title=The World's Top 20 Public Intellectuals |journal=Foreign Policy |publisher=Slate Group, LLC |issue=167 |pages=54–57 |issn=0015-7228 |eissn=1945-2276 |jstor=25462318}}</ref> Mu July wa 2017, Mamdani yalondebwa okubeera Corresponding Fellow mu ttendekero lya Bungereza erya British Academy (FBA), ettendekero ly’eggwanga erya Bungereza erikola ku by’obuntubulamu ne ssaayansi w’embeera z’abantu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 July 2017 |title=Elections to the British Academy celebrate the diversity of UK research |url=http://www.britac.ac.uk/news/elections-british-academy-celebrate-diversity-uk-research |access-date=29 July 2017 |website=British Academy}}</ref> == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] cgm6y07jyailu6dytk3opi44ghvhvkk 48695 48694 2026-05-03T09:50:59Z Charles Kalanzi 9748 48695 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mahmood Mamdani''' [ a ] FBA (yazaalibwa 23 Ogwokuna 1946) munnayuganda [[:en:Anthropologist|omukugu mu by'enkula y'abantu]], munnaby'anjigiriza, era omukugu mu by'obufuzi. Ye Herbert Lehman Pulofeesa wa Gavumenti era pulofeesa w’ensonga z'ekikula ky'abantu, [[:en:Political_science|ssaayansi w’ebyobufuzi]], n’okunoonyereza [[:en:African_studies|ku nsoma y'Afirika]] mu [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]] . Era akola nga Ccansala wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda, era nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa ku Center for African Studis mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y'e Cape Town]] . Emabegako yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole kya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. Mamdani mukugu mu kusoma ebyobufuzi bya Afrika n’ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw’amatwale]] n’oluvannyuma [[:en:Postcolonialism|lw'obufuzi bw’amatwale]], n’ebyobufuzi [[:en:Knowledge_economy|by’ebyenfuna]] . Mufumbo nga mukazi we ye [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]] omuzannyi wa firimu . Ye ne Nair be bazadde ba [[:en:New_York_City_Mayor|Meeya w'ekibuga New York]] [[Zohran Mamdani]] . == Obuto bwe n’okusoma == Mahmood Mamdani yazaalibwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1946 mu [[:en:Bombay|kibuga Bombay]] (kati Mumbai), Buyindi, ng’ebula omwaka gumu [[:en:British_Raj|enfuga ya Bungereza]] ekome. <ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/education/news/mahmood-mamdani-education-and-career-path-how-zohran-mamdanis-father-built-a-legacy-of-revolution-through-ideas-and-exile/articleshow/122064130.cms "Mahmood Mamdani education and career path: How Zohran Mamdani's father built a legacy of revolution through ideas and exile"]. ''The Times of India''. 25 June 2025. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN&nbsp;]][https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-8257 0971-825]7. Retrieved 13 July 2025.</ref> <ref name="codesria">{{Cite web |title=Pr. Mahmood Mamdani (1998-2002) |url=https://codesria.org/pr-mahmood-mamdani-1998-2002/ |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> Yakulira mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=23 February 2021 |title=Mahmood Mamdani on Uganda |url=https://africasacountry.com/2011/04/mamdani-on-uganda |website=Africa is a Country}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Permanent Minorities and the Politics of Survivors: A conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://worldpeacefoundation.org/blog/permanent-minorities-and-the-politics-of-survivors-a-conversation-with-mahmood-mamdani/ |website=World Peace Foundation}}</ref> ng'omu ku [[:en:Indian_diaspora_in_Southeast_Africa|Bayindi ababundabunda mu bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba bwa Afrika]] . Bazadde be bombi, [[:en:Gujarati_Muslim|basiraamu Abagujarati]], baazaalibwa era ne bakulira mu kitundu kya Bungereza eky'amatwale ki [[:en:Tanganyika_Territory|Tanganyika]] (leero Tanzania). Abafumbo bano baagenda e Bombay olwo kitaawe n’asomerayo mu ttendekero ekkulu. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Chen |first=Kuan-Hsing |last2=Gao |first2=Shiming |last3=Tang |first3=Xiaolin |date=2016 |title=The formation of an African intellectual: an interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |journal=Inter-Asia Cultural Studies |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=456–480 |doi=10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref>Muhoozi, Mourice (6 March 2022). [https://www.watchdoguganda.com/news/20220306/131449/meet-ugandas-most-iconic-academician-prof-mahmood-mamdani.html "Meet Uganda's most Iconic academician, Prof. Mahmood Mamdani"]. ''Watchdog Uganda''</ref> Famire yaddayo e [[:en:Dar_es_Salaam|Dar es Salaam]], Tanganyika, nga Mamdani wa myaka ebiri, ne bagenda e Uganda nga wa myaka etaano oba mukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Mu kiseera ekyo, Uganda yali yayawulwamu okusinziira ku mawanga, omuli abantu gye babeera, amasomero, emizikiti, n’ebifo abaana we bazannyira. Okusoma kwe mu pulayimale, Mamdani yasooka kugenda mu [[:en:Madrasa|madarasa]], n’oluvannyuma mu Government Indian Primary School. <ref name=":8"/> Yakula ng'ayogera [[:en:Gujarati_language|Olugujarati]], [[:en:Urdu|Oluurdu]] [[:en:Swahili_language|n'Oluswayiri]] . Yatandika okusoma Olungereza mu kibiina eky’omukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Oluvannyuma lw’okusoma siniya ey’awansi, yasomera ku Old Kampala Senior Secondary School, gye yali omuwandiisi w’ekibiina kya Do-it-Yourself Physics. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uganda: Buganda And Uganda At Crossroads |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090826030635/http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |archive-date=26 August 2009 |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=AllAfrica}}</ref> Mamdani yali omu ku bayizi Bannayuganda 23 abaali mu kibiina kya [[:en:The_Kennedy_Airlift|Kennedy Airlift]] mu 1963, enteekateeka ya sikaala eyaweebwa ssente okuva mu Amerika eyaleetera ebikumi n’ebikumi by'abayizi okuva mu [[:en:East_Africa|Buvanjuba bwa Afrika]] okusomera ku yunivasite mu Amerika ne Canada wakati wa 1959 ne 1963. <ref name="indian tele">{{Cite web |last=Sen |first=Manjula |date=25 January 2009 |title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |archive-date=2 February 2009 |access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref> Mamdani yatikkirwa diguli ya Bachelor of Arts okuva mu [[:en:University_of_Pittsburgh|Yunivasite y’e Pittsburgh]] <ref name="codesria"/> mu 1967. <ref>{{Cite book |date=1 January 2010 |title=International Encyclopedia of Civil Society |url=https://link.springer.com/referencework/10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |vauthors=((Anheier, H. K.)), ((Toepler, S.)) |publisher=Springer US |isbn=978-0-387-93994-0 |editor-last=Anheier |editor-first=Helmut K. |doi=10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |editor-last2=Toepler |editor-first2=Stefan}}</ref> Yali omu ku bayizi abangi mu bukiikakkono bwa Amerika abaali mu lugendo lwa bbaasi mu bukiikaddyo okutuuka e [[:en:Montgomery,_Alabama|Montgomery, Alabama]], olwategekebwa [[:en:Student_Nonviolent_Coordinating_Committee|akakiiko akakwasaganya abayizi abatali ba ffujjo]] mu Gwokusatu 1965 okwetaba mu kaweefube w'okulwanirira [[:en:Civil_rights_movement|eddembe ly’obuntu]] . Kino kyaliwo mu kiseera ky’okutambula okuva e [[:en:Selma_to_Montgomery_marches|Selma okutuuka e Montgomery]], naye nga kyo kya njawulo. Yasibibwa mu kkomera mu kutambula kuno era n’akkirizibwa okukuba essimu. Mamdani yakubira [[:en:Embassy_of_Uganda,_Washington,_D.C.|omubaka wa Uganda]] e [[:en:Washington,_DC|Washington, DC]], amuyambe. Omubaka yamubuuza lwaki "ayingirira ensonga z'omunda mu nsi engwira", n'amuddamu nti teyali nsonga ya munda wabula olutalo lw'eddembe era nti nabo eddembe lyabwe baali bakalifuna omwaka ogwakaggwa. <ref name="pambazuka">{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=28 April 2007 |title=The Asian question again: A reflection |url=http://www.pambazuka.org/en/category/comment/41273 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]] (Uganda) |via=pambazuka.org}}</ref> Amangu ddala nga wayiseewo akaseera katono, Mamdani yategeera ku mulimu gwa [[:en:Karl_Marx|Karl Marx]] okuva mu kukyala kwe ku FBI. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Shringarpure |first=Bhakti |author-link=Bhakti Shringarpure |date=15 July 2013 |title=In Conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.warscapes.com/conversations/conversation-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=6 November 2017 |website=Warscapes |language=en |quote=I thought the guy Marx had just died. […] So that was my introduction to Karl Marx.}}</ref> Yasomera ku [[:en:Fletcher_School_of_Law_and_Diplomacy|Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy]] mu [[:en:Tufts_University|Yunivasite ya Tufts]] era mu 1968 yatikkirwa diguli ya Master of Arts mu [[:en:Political_science|byobufuzi]] ne Master of Arts mu mateeka ne diplomacy mu 1969. Yafuna diguli ye [[:en:Doctor_of_philosophy|eyookusatu]] mu gavumenti okuva mu [[:en:Harvard_University|Yunivasite y'e Harvard]] mu 1974, wansi w’obulagirizi bwa [[:en:Karl_Deutsch|Karl Deutsch]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and class formation in Uganda |url=http://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=978-0-85345-378-9 |location=New York |via=Internet Archive}}</ref> Omulamwa kw'eyatambuliza ddiguli ye eyookusatu yagiwa omutwe "''Politics and Class Formation in Uganda."'' <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and Class Formation in Uganda |url=https://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=0-85345-378-0 |location=New York |oclc=2073894 |url-access=registration}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Allen |first=Judith Van |last2=Mamdani |first2=Mahmood |last3=Shivji |first3=Issa G. |date=November 1977 |title=Reviewed Works: Politics and Class Formation in Uganda. by Mahmood Mamdani; Class Struggles in Tanzania. by Issa G. Shivji |journal=Contemporary Sociology |publisher=American Sociological Association |volume=6 |issue=6 |pages=702 |doi=10.2307/2066367 |issn=0094-3061 |eissn=1939-8638 |jstor=2066367}}</ref> == Emirimu gye == Mamdani yakomawo mu Uganda ku ntandikwa ya 1972 era naweebwa omulimu ku [[Makerere University, Uganda|yunivasite y'e Makerere]] mu Kampala [[:en:Teaching_assistant|ng'ayambako omusomesa]], mu kiseera kye kimu yali akola ku kunoonyereza kwe okwa ddiguli eyookusatu. . Ye n’Abaasia abasinga obungi [[:en:Expulsion_of_Asians_from_Uganda|baagobebwa]] mu Uganda ku nkomerero y’omwaka ogwo [[Idi Amin]] olw’amawanga gaabwe; Amin yali agenderera "kuzzaawo" bizinensi n'ebintu. Mamdani yava mu Uganda n’agenda mu nkambi y’ababundabunda mu Bungereza ku ntandikwa y'omwezi Gwekkuminoogumu. <ref name="lrb2022">{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2022-10-06 |title=The Asian Question |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v44/n19/mahmood-mamdani/the-asian-question |journal=[[London Review of Books]] |language=en |volume=44 |issue=19 |issn=0260-9592 |access-date=2025-09-08}}</ref> Yava e Bungereza mu makkati ga 1973 oluvannyuma lw’okuyingizibwa mu [[:en:University_of_Dar_es_Salaam|Yunivasite y’e Dar es Salaam]] mu Tanzania. <ref name="pambazuka"/> <ref name="cas2018">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> <ref name="bio2">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> Mu Dar es Salaam, yamaliriza okuwandiika dissertation ye. Yali mujjumbize nnyo n’ebibiina ebiwakanya Amin. Mu 1979, yeetaba mu Ttabamiruka w’e Moshi ng’omutunuulizi. Yaddayo mu Uganda oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa ku bukulembeze oluvannyuma lw'olutalo lwa [[Olutalo lwa Uganda ne Tanzania|Uganda ne Tanzania]] mu 1979. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McCormack |first=Pete |date=17 October 2005 |title=Interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.petemccormack.com/interview_mamdani_001.htm |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=petemccormack.com}}</ref> <ref name="bio2" /> Mu kiseera kino, yakozesebwa ng'omutendeke mu kibiina kya [[:en:All_Africa_Conference_of_Churches|All Africa Conference of Churches]], omukago [[:en:Ecumenical_Christian|gw'Abakristaayo ogw'ensi yonna]] ogusangibwa e [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, ng'akolera mu ofiisi [[:en:Church_of_Uganda|y'Ekkanisa ya Uganda]] mu Kampala. <ref name="lrb2022"/> Okuva mu 1980 (oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa mu ntebe mu 1979) okutuuka mu 1993 yaddamu okukolera yunivasite y’e Makerere. <ref name="bio2"/> <ref name="lrb2022"/>​[[Milton Obote|​]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kagolo |first=Francis |date=8 February 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani to be honoured among Africa's best |url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/628869-prof-mamdani-to-be-honoured-among-africa-s-best.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]]}}</ref> Yaddayo e Dar es Salaam. Oluvannyuma lwa Obote okugobwa mu ntebe omulundi ogwokubiri, Mamdani yaddamu okudda mu Uganda mu Gwomukaaga 1986. <ref name="indian tele"/> Yali dayirekita eyatandikawo ekitongole kya Centre for Basic Research (CBR), ekitongole kya Uganda ekitali kya gavumenti ekyasooka mu kunoonyereza, mwe yaweereza okuva mu 1987 okutuuka mu 1996. <ref name="diaspora">{{Cite web |date=29 November 2012 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012 |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=ugandandiaspora.com}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> <ref name="csds">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Yaliko pulofeesa omugenyi ku [[:en:University_of_Durban-Westville|Yunivasite y’e Durban]] - [[:en:Westville,_KwaZulu-Natal|Westville]] mu South Africa (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka mu Gwomukaaga 1993), ku [[:en:Nehru_Memorial_Museum_&_Library|Nehru Memorial Museum & Library]] e New Delhi (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka Gwomukaaga 1995), ne mu [[:en:Princeton_University|Yunivasite y'e Princeton]] (1995–96). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vance |first=Dara |date=2015-11-20 |title=UK Committee on Social Theory Hosts Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://uknow.uky.edu/uk-happenings/uk-committee-social-theory-hosts-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=UKNow}}</ref> Mu 1996, yalondebwa okubeera omukulembeze w’entebe ya [[:en:Archibald_Campbell_Jordan|AC Jordan]] ey'ensoma y'Afirika mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y’e Cape Town]], <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 March 2011 |title=UCT in war over 'bantu education' |url=http://mg.co.za/article/2011-03-11-uct-in-war-over-bantu-education |access-date=22 March 2013}}</ref> era ku ntandikwa ya 1997 n’afuuka akulira [[:en:Centre_for_African_Studies|ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku by'ensoma y'Afirika]] (CAS). <ref name="uwn2018">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> Yavaawo oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obutakkaanya n'abasomesa (abasinga obungi abazungu) ku bbago ly'ensoma ye ey'omusomo ogw'omusingi ku Afrika oguyitibwa "Problematising Africa". <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=June 1, 1998 |title=Is African studies to be turned into a new home for Bantu education at UCT? |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/02533959808458649 |journal=Social Dynamics |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=63–75 |doi=10.1080/02533959808458649 |issn=0253-3952 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> Mamdani, eyalaga nti ensoma eriwo eya " [[:en:Bantu_Education_Act,_1953|Bantu studies]] " (mu kujjuliza ku kusomesa Abaddugavu wansi w'enfuga [[:en:Apartheid|y'obusosoze]] ) <ref name="cas2018" /> yayimirizibwa era okukkakkana ng'alekulidde. <ref name="davis2017">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> "Ensonga ya Mamdani" ekyayogerwako mu kukubaganya ebirowoozo ku [[:en:Decolonization_of_higher_education_in_South_Africa|kununula amatendekero aga waggulu okuva mu nsoma y'abamatwale]] . Oluvannyuma yagamba nti teyalina busungu ku muntu yenna, era yalina enkolagana ennungi ekiseera kye yamalayo. Yagamba nti obutakwatagana bwali ku njawulo mu ndowooza n'addala ensengeka y’ensoma ku bikwata ku kusoma South Africa ng’ensi ya Afrika. Oluvannyuma (2018) yakomezebwawo nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa asuutibwa. [ b ] <ref name="uwn2018" /> Mu 1999, Mamdani yalondebwa okuba dayirekita w’ekitongole ekikola ku by’okunoonyereza ku Afirika mu yunivasite ya Columbia, ekifo kye yalina okutuusa mu 2004. <ref name="uwn2018"/> Okuva olwo abadde asomesa eyo (nga 2025). <ref name="haag2025">{{Cite web |last=Haag |first=Matthew |last2=Goldberg |first2=Emma |date=27 June 2025 |title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |archive-date=7 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku mbeera z’abantu ekya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=18 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University]] |archive-date=2 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002055113/http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Agaba |first=John |title=Mamdani talks about his research legacy and work at Makerere |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20220329112608625 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="bio2"/> Okutuuka mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2025 [[:en:Columbia_University#Academics|pulofeesa wa Herbert Lehman mu Gavumenti]] era pulofeesa ku nkula y'abantu, okusoma saayansi w'ebyobufuzi [[:en:African_studies|n'okusoma ku Afirika]] ku [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]].<ref name="bio2" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Faculty Bio: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/anthropology/fac-bios/mamdani/faculty.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Era akola nga chancellor wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://kiu.ac.ug/news-page.php?i=press-release-kampala-international-university-kiu-appoints-prof-mahmood-mamdani-as-chancellor |access-date=24 August 2020 |publisher=[[Kampala International University]]}}</ref> == Okunoonyereza n'okuwandiika == Mamdani yeemalira mu kunoonyereza ku byobufuzi bya Afirika n'eby'ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw'amatwale]] [[:en:Postcolonialism|n'oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale]], n'ebyobufuzi by'ebyenfuna. Ebitabo bye byekenneenya enkolagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'ebyobuwangwa, okugeraageranya [[:en:Colonialism|okufugibwa kw'amatwale]] okuva mu 1452, ebyafaayo by'entalo z'omunda [[:en:Genocide|n'ekitta bantu]] mu Afirika, [[:en:Cold_War|Olutalo olw'Ensi Yonna olw'ebigambo]] [[:en:War_on_terror|n'olutalo ku butujju]], n'ebyafaayo by'eddembe ly'obuntu.<ref>vSneh, Itai Nartzizenfield (2008). [https://books.google.com/books?id=iax4AAAAMAAJ ''The Future Almost Arrived: How Jimmy Carter Failed to Change U.S. Foreign Policy''.] [[:en:Peter_Lang_(publishing_company)|Peter Lang]]. p. 169. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780820481852|9780820481852]]</bdi>.</ref> Okunoonyereza kwe okw'omwaka 2016 kwatandikira ku kitabo kye eky'omwaka 1996, [[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]. <ref>[http://polisci.columbia.edu/people/profile/96 "Mahmood Mamdani | Department of Political Science"]. ''polisci.columbia.edu''. Retrieved 21 January 2016.</ref>Mu kitabo ekyo, yagamba nti eggwanga eryafugibwa terisobola kutegeerwa nga tewekenenyeza bulungi eggwanga eryalifuga.Enkola y'obufuzi bw'amatwale mu Afirika yali eddamu okusoomoozebwa kw'ekibuuzo "ekikulu", era yagamba nti yafuuka "amawanga agaabuluziddwamu".<ref name=":0">Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. pp. 15–16. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|<bdi>9780852553992</bdi>.]]</ref>Kino kyali kikolebwa mu ngeri bbiri: ku ludda olumu nga bafuga butereevu, nga kino kyali kikolwa kya "buyinza" era nga kyali kigenderera okuggya abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo ku ddembe ly'obuntu eryali liweebwa abatuuze mu bitundu ebirala, ate ku ludda olulala nga bafuga mu ngeri etali y'abuteerevu, nga kino kyali kikolebwa mu byalo era nga kizingiramu okuyingiza "bannansi" mu "mateeka g'eggwanga" agaateekebwawo ab'obuyinza mu byalo, era nga kino yakiyita "obwannakyemalira obw'okugabanya obuyinza".<ref name=":0" /> Embeera eno yali "yakusika muguwa" era ng'erimu "engeri bbiri ez'obuyinza wansi w'obuyinza obumu".<ref name=":0" /> Oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale, ebibuga byali tebikyayawulamu bantu lwa langi naye ebyalo byali bikyafugibwa abakulembeze abaali mu nkwawa z'abafuzi b'amatwale, ka babe abakulembeze ab'ennono oba b'ebali bakwasizzaobuyinza nga balina ebiruubirirwa by'okufugisa omukono ogw'ekyuma.<ref>Clapham, Chris (1997). "Review: Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism by Mahmood Mamdani'". ''Royal Institute of International Affairs''. '''73''': 606.</ref>Mu ngeri eno obukulembeze bwonna bwaleeta enjawukana mu mawnga era n'ekutondawo obukulembeze bwabwe obw'enjawulo obwannakyemalira.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref> Mamdani yekennenya ebyafaayo mu South Africa ne Uganda okulaga nti obufuzi bw'amatwale bwakozesa obuyinza obuyitiridde era obuyinza obwo bweyongera okubaawo oluvannyuma lw'ameefuga.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. p. 37. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref>Ng’asomooza endowooza eza bulijjo ku busosoze mu South Afrika nga ez’enjawulo, agamba nti [[:en:Apartheid|obusosoze mu mawanga]] bwali ngeri ya bulijjo ey’ettwale lya Bulaaya mu Africa, nga lizingiramu ensonga [[:en:Indirect_rule|z’obufuzi obutali butereevu]] n’okukwatagana<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1 January 1996 |title=Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism |isbn=9780852553992 |pages=16–18}}</ref> Mu kitabo kye ekyafulumizibwa mu 2004 ekya ''Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: America, the Cold War, and the Roots of Terror'' Mamdani yagamba nti [[:en:Suicide_attack|abeetuze]] balina okumanyibwa "ng'ekika ky'omujaasi" era nti balina "okutegeerwa mu ngeri y'effujjo ly'ebyobufuzi ery'omulembe guno okusinga okuvumwavumwa ng'akabonero k'obukambwe". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bickerton |first=James |date=2025-07-11 |title=Zohran Mamdani's father's remark about suicide bombers comes under scrutiny |url=https://www.newsweek.com/zohran-mamdani-father-remark-about-suicide-bombers-comes-under-scrutiny-2097793 |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref> Omuyivu omu yagamba nti kino si kuwagira kwettisa bbomu wabula kwekenneenya okwanenya '"okusalawo kwa Amerika ku nkola y'ensonga z'ebweru naddala mu kiseera ky'olutalo olw'ebigambo", okutondawo embeera [[:en:Islamic_extremism|y'Obusiraamu obw'annalukalala]] [[:en:Political_violence|n'effujjo mu byobufuzi]] " mwe byakulaakulanira. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Murray |first=Conor |date=Jul 11, 2025 |title=Mahmood Mamdani's Work Does Not Advocate Violence, Expert Says |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/conormurray/2025/07/11/sequoias-maguire-unfairly-targets-zohran-mamdanis-father-fellow-academic-says/ |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko bye bifulumiddde mu ''[[:en:London_Review_of_Books|London Review of Books]]'' n'ekampuni ezifulumya ebitabo ebirala.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/contributors/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=London Review of Books |language=en-GB}}</ref> Okusinziira ku CAS, ebiwandiiko bya Mamdani "bibadde bikulu mu kusomebwa abayizi abali ku misomo gyabwe egya undergraduate ne Postgraduate ku UCT ssaako n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo ku nsoma y'ebyafaayo n'ebyobufuzi bya Afirika , nga banonyereza ku nkwatagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'obuwangwa, okugerageranya obufuzi bw'amatwale, entalo ez'omunda mu ggwanga n'ekittabantu mu Afirika".<ref name="uwn20182">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> == Emirimu gy'emirala == Okuva mu 1998 <ref name="bio22">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> oba 1999 okutuuka mu 2002, Mamdani yaweereza nga pulezidenti w'olukiiko olukulaakulanya okunoonyereza ku ssaayansi w'embeera z'abantu mu Afrika ([[:en:Council_for_the_Development_of_Social_Science_Research_in_Africa|Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa]]). <ref name="cas20182">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumineebiri 2001, yawa okwogera ku "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" mu lukungaana lwa [[:en:Nobel_Prize|Nobel Centennial Symposium]] e [[:en:Oslo|Oslo]], Norway. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 December 2001 |title=Speech by Dr. Mahmood Mamdani: "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/mediaplayer/index.php?id=1281 |access-date=24 March 2013 |publisher=Nobel Prize}}</ref> Mu Gwomwenda 2006, Mamdani yali omu ku boogezi abaayitibwa mu lukuŋŋaana lw’ekibiina kya [[:en:Ugandan_North_American_Association_(UNAA)|Uganda North American Association (UNAA)]] mu kibuga New York. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2006-09-05 |title=UNAA Convention was disorganised! |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/news/1141390/unaa-convention-disorganised |access-date=2026-02-18 |publisher=New Vision (Kampala)}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano 2011, mu kiseera ky'okwekalakaasa okwali mu kibangirizi kya Tahrir([[:en:Tahrir_Square_protests|Tahrir Square protests]]) mu kibuga [[:en:Cairo|Cairo]], Misiri, Mamdani yayitibwa okwogerako mu [[:en:American_University_of_Cairo|Yunivasite y’Amerika e Cairo]]. Ng’ayogera eri abayizi mu [[:en:University_of_KwaZulu-Natal|yunivasite y’e KwaZulu-Natal]] mu South Africa mu 2012, kino yakigeraageranya n’obwegugungo obwaliwo mu Soweto ([[:en:1976_Soweto_uprising|Soweto Uprising]]) mu 1976 . <ref name="kwazulu2012">{{Cite web |date=24 April 2012 |title=Address on Receiving an Honorary Doctorate at the University of Kwazulu Natal |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/mesaas/images/faculty/news/Mamdani%20commencement.pdf |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumi 2011, Mamdani (nga bali wamu ne Rhoda Ann Kanaaneh) y'eyali omwogezi omukulu mu lukungaana lw’eggwanga olwasooka olw’abayizi olwa [[:en:Students_for_Justice_in_Palestine|Students for Justice in Palestine]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Silver |first=Carly |date=2011-10-16 |title=Reporting live from the first-ever SJP National Conference |url=https://newvoices.org/2011/10/15/reporting-live-from-the-first-ever-sjp-national-conference/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=New Voices |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nathan-Kazis |first=Josh |date=2011-10-11 |title=Pro-Palestinian Student Activists Plan First National Conference |url=https://forward.com/news/144173/pro-palestinian-student-activists-plan-push/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=The Forward |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2017 yayitibwa okuwa omusomo ku lunaku lwa [[:en:TB_Davie_Memorial_Lecture|TB Davie Memorial]] ku ddembe ly'okusoma mu Yunivasite y'e Cape Town, era emboozi ye, eyatuumibwa "Decolonising the Post-Colonial University" yaleetawo okukubaganya ebirowoozo kungi. <ref name="uwn20183">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="davis20172">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> Okuva mu Gwekkumineebiri 2017 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2018, Mamdani yaweereza nga Rajni Kothari Chair Professor mu [[:en:Centre_for_the_Study_of_Developing_Societies|Center for the Study of Developing Societies]] mu [[:en:Delhi|Delhi,]] Buyindi. Oluvannyuma lw'ekisanja kye okuggwako, nga 4 Ogwokuna 2018 yawa omusomo gwa Rajni Kothari Chair ogutegekebwa buli mwaka, ogwatuumibwa "Okulowooza ku bwenkanya okuyita mu bumanyirivu bw'Afirika mu kyasa eky'amakumi abiri". <ref name="csds2">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Alabikidde mu firimu z’ebyafaayo ng’omukugu okugeza, ''[[:en:Rwanda:_The_Untold_Story|Rwanda: The Untold Story]]'' (2014, [[:en:BBC|BBC]] ), ''The Dictator’s Playbook'' (2018, [[:en:PBS|PBS]] ) ne ''[[:en:How_to_Become_a_Tyrant|How to Become a Tyrant]]'' (2021, [[:en:Netflix|Netflix]]). <ref>{{Cite AV media|url=https://www.pbs.org/video/idi-amin-3ol3rz/|title=The Dictator's Playbook {{!}} Idi Amin {{!}} Episode 6|language=en|publisher=[[PBS]]|via=}}</ref> Yalabikira mu firimu ya [[:en:Cameo_appearance|cameo]] ,mu firimu ya 2012 ''eya [[:en:The_Reluctant_Fundamentalist_(film)|The Reluctant Fundamentalist]]'', eyakulemberwamu mukyala we. <ref>{{Cite AV media|title=[[The Reluctant Fundamentalist]]|date=2012|last=Nair|first=Mira|publisher=[[IFC Films]]}}</ref> Mu 2024, yeegatta ku [[:en:Gaza_tribunal|Gaza Tribunal]], eyagenderera "okuzuukusa ebibiina by'obwannakyewa ku buvunaanyizibwa bwabyo n'okukomya ekittabantu kya Yisirayiri mu Gaza." <ref>{{Cite web |title=Home |url=https://gazatribunal.com/ |access-date=2025-12-07 |website=Gaza Tribunal |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title='Gaza Tribunal' established in London to seek justice for war crimes in Gaza |url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/europe/-gaza-tribunal-established-in-london-to-seek-justice-for-war-crimes-in-gaza/3383887 |access-date=2026-01-07 |website=www.aa.com.tr}}</ref> == Okusiimibwa == Mu 2008, mu kunoonyereza okwakolebwa ku mutimbagano mu lwatu, Mamdani yalondebwa ng'owomwenda ku bantu abagezi abasinga mu nsi yonna ku lukalala lw'abagezigezi 100 okuva mu ''[[:en:Prospect_(magazine)|Prospect Magazine]]'' (UK) ne ''[[:en:Foreign_Policy|Foreign Policy]]'' (US). <ref>{{Cite web |date=2008 |title=The 2008 List |url=http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/prospect-100-intellectuals/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090930143349/http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/prospect-100-intellectuals/ |archive-date=30 September 2009 |publisher=[[Prospect (magazine)|Prospect Magazine]] (UK) / [[Foreign Policy]] (US)}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |date=2008 |title=The World's Top 20 Public Intellectuals |journal=Foreign Policy |publisher=Slate Group, LLC |issue=167 |pages=54–57 |issn=0015-7228 |eissn=1945-2276 |jstor=25462318}}</ref> Mu Gwomusanvu 2017, Mamdani yalondebwa okubeera [[:en:Corresponding_Fellow_of_the_British_Academy|Omukwanaganya wa British Academy (FBA)]], ettendekero ly’eggwanga erya Bungereza erikola ku by’obuntubulamu ne ssaayansi w’embeera z’abantu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 July 2017 |title=Elections to the British Academy celebrate the diversity of UK research |url=http://www.britac.ac.uk/news/elections-british-academy-celebrate-diversity-uk-research |access-date=29 July 2017 |website=British Academy}}</ref> == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 4f2i8d1ba7assnw9bmxczgdmho85hfh 48696 48695 2026-05-03T09:52:44Z Charles Kalanzi 9748 48696 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mahmood Mamdani''' [ a ] FBA (yazaalibwa 23 Ogwokuna 1946) munnayuganda [[:en:Anthropologist|omukugu mu by'enkula y'abantu]], munnaby'anjigiriza, era omukugu mu by'obufuzi. Ye Herbert Lehman Pulofeesa wa Gavumenti era pulofeesa w’ensonga z'ekikula ky'abantu, [[:en:Political_science|ssaayansi w’ebyobufuzi]], n’okunoonyereza [[:en:African_studies|ku nsoma y'Afirika]] mu [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]] . Era akola nga Ccansala wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda, era nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa ku Center for African Studis mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y'e Cape Town]] . Emabegako yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole kya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. Mamdani mukugu mu kusoma ebyobufuzi bya Afrika n’ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw’amatwale]] n’oluvannyuma [[:en:Postcolonialism|lw'obufuzi bw’amatwale]], n’ebyobufuzi [[:en:Knowledge_economy|by’ebyenfuna]] . Mufumbo nga mukazi we ye [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]] omuzannyi wa firimu . Ye ne Nair be bazadde ba [[:en:New_York_City_Mayor|Meeya w'ekibuga New York]] [[Zohran Mamdani]] . == Obuto bwe n’okusoma == Mahmood Mamdani yazaalibwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1946 mu [[:en:Bombay|kibuga Bombay]] (kati Mumbai), Buyindi, ng’ebula omwaka gumu [[:en:British_Raj|enfuga ya Bungereza]] ekome. <ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/education/news/mahmood-mamdani-education-and-career-path-how-zohran-mamdanis-father-built-a-legacy-of-revolution-through-ideas-and-exile/articleshow/122064130.cms "Mahmood Mamdani education and career path: How Zohran Mamdani's father built a legacy of revolution through ideas and exile"]. ''The Times of India''. 25 June 2025. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN&nbsp;]][https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-8257 0971-825]7. Retrieved 13 July 2025.</ref> <ref name="codesria">{{Cite web |title=Pr. Mahmood Mamdani (1998-2002) |url=https://codesria.org/pr-mahmood-mamdani-1998-2002/ |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> Yakulira mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=23 February 2021 |title=Mahmood Mamdani on Uganda |url=https://africasacountry.com/2011/04/mamdani-on-uganda |website=Africa is a Country}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Permanent Minorities and the Politics of Survivors: A conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://worldpeacefoundation.org/blog/permanent-minorities-and-the-politics-of-survivors-a-conversation-with-mahmood-mamdani/ |website=World Peace Foundation}}</ref> ng'omu ku [[:en:Indian_diaspora_in_Southeast_Africa|Bayindi ababundabunda mu bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba bwa Afrika]] . Bazadde be bombi, [[:en:Gujarati_Muslim|basiraamu Abagujarati]], baazaalibwa era ne bakulira mu kitundu kya Bungereza eky'amatwale ki [[:en:Tanganyika_Territory|Tanganyika]] (leero Tanzania). Abafumbo bano baagenda e Bombay olwo kitaawe n’asomerayo mu ttendekero ekkulu. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Chen |first=Kuan-Hsing |last2=Gao |first2=Shiming |last3=Tang |first3=Xiaolin |date=2016 |title=The formation of an African intellectual: an interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |journal=Inter-Asia Cultural Studies |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=456–480 |doi=10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref>Muhoozi, Mourice (6 March 2022). [https://www.watchdoguganda.com/news/20220306/131449/meet-ugandas-most-iconic-academician-prof-mahmood-mamdani.html "Meet Uganda's most Iconic academician, Prof. Mahmood Mamdani"]. ''Watchdog Uganda''</ref> Famire yaddayo e [[:en:Dar_es_Salaam|Dar es Salaam]], Tanganyika, nga Mamdani wa myaka ebiri, ne bagenda e Uganda nga wa myaka etaano oba mukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Mu kiseera ekyo, Uganda yali yayawulwamu okusinziira ku mawanga, omuli abantu gye babeera, amasomero, emizikiti, n’ebifo abaana we bazannyira. Okusoma kwe mu pulayimale, Mamdani yasooka kugenda mu [[:en:Madrasa|madarasa]], n’oluvannyuma mu Government Indian Primary School. <ref name=":8"/> Yakula ng'ayogera [[:en:Gujarati_language|Olugujarati]], [[:en:Urdu|Oluurdu]] [[:en:Swahili_language|n'Oluswayiri]] . Yatandika okusoma Olungereza mu kibiina eky’omukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Oluvannyuma lw’okusoma siniya ey’awansi, yasomera ku Old Kampala Senior Secondary School, gye yali omuwandiisi w’ekibiina kya Do-it-Yourself Physics. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uganda: Buganda And Uganda At Crossroads |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090826030635/http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |archive-date=26 August 2009 |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=AllAfrica}}</ref> Mamdani yali omu ku bayizi Bannayuganda 23 abaali mu kibiina kya [[:en:The_Kennedy_Airlift|Kennedy Airlift]] mu 1963, enteekateeka ya sikaala eyaweebwa ssente okuva mu Amerika eyaleetera ebikumi n’ebikumi by'abayizi okuva mu [[:en:East_Africa|Buvanjuba bwa Afrika]] okusomera ku yunivasite mu Amerika ne Canada wakati wa 1959 ne 1963. <ref name="indian tele">{{Cite web |last=Sen |first=Manjula |date=25 January 2009 |title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |archive-date=2 February 2009 |access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref> Mamdani yatikkirwa diguli ya Bachelor of Arts okuva mu [[:en:University_of_Pittsburgh|Yunivasite y’e Pittsburgh]] <ref name="codesria"/> mu 1967. <ref>{{Cite book |date=1 January 2010 |title=International Encyclopedia of Civil Society |url=https://link.springer.com/referencework/10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |vauthors=((Anheier, H. K.)), ((Toepler, S.)) |publisher=Springer US |isbn=978-0-387-93994-0 |editor-last=Anheier |editor-first=Helmut K. |doi=10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |editor-last2=Toepler |editor-first2=Stefan}}</ref> Yali omu ku bayizi abangi mu bukiikakkono bwa Amerika abaali mu lugendo lwa bbaasi mu bukiikaddyo okutuuka e [[:en:Montgomery,_Alabama|Montgomery, Alabama]], olwategekebwa [[:en:Student_Nonviolent_Coordinating_Committee|akakiiko akakwasaganya abayizi abatali ba ffujjo]] mu Gwokusatu 1965 okwetaba mu kaweefube w'okulwanirira [[:en:Civil_rights_movement|eddembe ly’obuntu]] . Kino kyaliwo mu kiseera ky’okutambula okuva e [[:en:Selma_to_Montgomery_marches|Selma okutuuka e Montgomery]], naye nga kyo kya njawulo. Yasibibwa mu kkomera mu kutambula kuno era n’akkirizibwa okukuba essimu. Mamdani yakubira [[:en:Embassy_of_Uganda,_Washington,_D.C.|omubaka wa Uganda]] e [[:en:Washington,_DC|Washington, DC]], amuyambe. Omubaka yamubuuza lwaki "ayingirira ensonga z'omunda mu nsi engwira", n'amuddamu nti teyali nsonga ya munda wabula olutalo lw'eddembe era nti nabo eddembe lyabwe baali bakalifuna omwaka ogwakaggwa. <ref name="pambazuka">{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=28 April 2007 |title=The Asian question again: A reflection |url=http://www.pambazuka.org/en/category/comment/41273 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]] (Uganda) |via=pambazuka.org}}</ref> Amangu ddala nga wayiseewo akaseera katono, Mamdani yategeera ku mulimu gwa [[:en:Karl_Marx|Karl Marx]] okuva mu kukyala kwe ku FBI. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Shringarpure |first=Bhakti |author-link=Bhakti Shringarpure |date=15 July 2013 |title=In Conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.warscapes.com/conversations/conversation-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=6 November 2017 |website=Warscapes |language=en |quote=I thought the guy Marx had just died. […] So that was my introduction to Karl Marx.}}</ref> Yasomera ku [[:en:Fletcher_School_of_Law_and_Diplomacy|Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy]] mu [[:en:Tufts_University|Yunivasite ya Tufts]] era mu 1968 yatikkirwa diguli ya Master of Arts mu [[:en:Political_science|byobufuzi]] ne Master of Arts mu mateeka ne diplomacy mu 1969. Yafuna diguli ye [[:en:Doctor_of_philosophy|eyookusatu]] mu gavumenti okuva mu [[:en:Harvard_University|Yunivasite y'e Harvard]] mu 1974, wansi w’obulagirizi bwa [[:en:Karl_Deutsch|Karl Deutsch]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and class formation in Uganda |url=http://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=978-0-85345-378-9 |location=New York |via=Internet Archive}}</ref> Omulamwa kw'eyatambuliza ddiguli ye eyookusatu yagiwa omutwe "''Politics and Class Formation in Uganda."'' <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and Class Formation in Uganda |url=https://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=0-85345-378-0 |location=New York |oclc=2073894 |url-access=registration}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Allen |first=Judith Van |last2=Mamdani |first2=Mahmood |last3=Shivji |first3=Issa G. |date=November 1977 |title=Reviewed Works: Politics and Class Formation in Uganda. by Mahmood Mamdani; Class Struggles in Tanzania. by Issa G. Shivji |journal=Contemporary Sociology |publisher=American Sociological Association |volume=6 |issue=6 |pages=702 |doi=10.2307/2066367 |issn=0094-3061 |eissn=1939-8638 |jstor=2066367}}</ref> == Emirimu gye == Mamdani yakomawo mu Uganda ku ntandikwa ya 1972 era naweebwa omulimu ku [[Makerere University, Uganda|yunivasite y'e Makerere]] mu Kampala [[:en:Teaching_assistant|ng'ayambako omusomesa]], mu kiseera kye kimu yali akola ku kunoonyereza kwe okwa ddiguli eyookusatu. . Ye n’Abaasia abasinga obungi [[:en:Expulsion_of_Asians_from_Uganda|baagobebwa]] mu Uganda ku nkomerero y’omwaka ogwo [[Idi Amin]] olw’amawanga gaabwe; Amin yali agenderera "kuzzaawo" bizinensi n'ebintu. Mamdani yava mu Uganda n’agenda mu nkambi y’ababundabunda mu Bungereza ku ntandikwa y'omwezi Gwekkuminoogumu. <ref name="lrb2022">{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2022-10-06 |title=The Asian Question |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v44/n19/mahmood-mamdani/the-asian-question |journal=[[London Review of Books]] |language=en |volume=44 |issue=19 |issn=0260-9592 |access-date=2025-09-08}}</ref> Yava e Bungereza mu makkati ga 1973 oluvannyuma lw’okuyingizibwa mu [[:en:University_of_Dar_es_Salaam|Yunivasite y’e Dar es Salaam]] mu Tanzania. <ref name="pambazuka"/> <ref name="cas2018">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> <ref name="bio2">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> Mu Dar es Salaam, yamaliriza okuwandiika dissertation ye. Yali mujjumbize nnyo n’ebibiina ebiwakanya Amin. Mu 1979, yeetaba mu Ttabamiruka w’e Moshi ng’omutunuulizi. Yaddayo mu Uganda oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa ku bukulembeze oluvannyuma lw'olutalo lwa [[Olutalo lwa Uganda ne Tanzania|Uganda ne Tanzania]] mu 1979. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McCormack |first=Pete |date=17 October 2005 |title=Interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.petemccormack.com/interview_mamdani_001.htm |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=petemccormack.com}}</ref> <ref name="bio2" /> Mu kiseera kino, yakozesebwa ng'omutendeke mu kibiina kya [[:en:All_Africa_Conference_of_Churches|All Africa Conference of Churches]], omukago [[:en:Ecumenical_Christian|gw'Abakristaayo ogw'ensi yonna]] ogusangibwa e [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, ng'akolera mu ofiisi [[:en:Church_of_Uganda|y'Ekkanisa ya Uganda]] mu Kampala. <ref name="lrb2022"/> Okuva mu 1980 (oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa mu ntebe mu 1979) okutuuka mu 1993 yaddamu okukolera yunivasite y’e Makerere. <ref name="bio2"/> <ref name="lrb2022"/>​[[Milton Obote|​]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kagolo |first=Francis |date=8 February 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani to be honoured among Africa's best |url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/628869-prof-mamdani-to-be-honoured-among-africa-s-best.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]]}}</ref> Yaddayo e Dar es Salaam. Oluvannyuma lwa Obote okugobwa mu ntebe omulundi ogwokubiri, Mamdani yaddamu okudda mu Uganda mu Gwomukaaga 1986. <ref name="indian tele"/> Yali dayirekita eyatandikawo ekitongole kya Centre for Basic Research (CBR), ekitongole kya Uganda ekitali kya gavumenti ekyasooka mu kunoonyereza, mwe yaweereza okuva mu 1987 okutuuka mu 1996. <ref name="diaspora">{{Cite web |date=29 November 2012 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012 |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=ugandandiaspora.com}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> <ref name="csds">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Yaliko pulofeesa omugenyi ku [[:en:University_of_Durban-Westville|Yunivasite y’e Durban]] - [[:en:Westville,_KwaZulu-Natal|Westville]] mu South Africa (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka mu Gwomukaaga 1993), ku [[:en:Nehru_Memorial_Museum_&_Library|Nehru Memorial Museum & Library]] e New Delhi (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka Gwomukaaga 1995), ne mu [[:en:Princeton_University|Yunivasite y'e Princeton]] (1995–96). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vance |first=Dara |date=2015-11-20 |title=UK Committee on Social Theory Hosts Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://uknow.uky.edu/uk-happenings/uk-committee-social-theory-hosts-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=UKNow}}</ref> Mu 1996, yalondebwa okubeera omukulembeze w’entebe ya [[:en:Archibald_Campbell_Jordan|AC Jordan]] ey'ensoma y'Afirika mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y’e Cape Town]], <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 March 2011 |title=UCT in war over 'bantu education' |url=http://mg.co.za/article/2011-03-11-uct-in-war-over-bantu-education |access-date=22 March 2013}}</ref> era ku ntandikwa ya 1997 n’afuuka akulira [[:en:Centre_for_African_Studies|ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku by'ensoma y'Afirika]] (CAS). <ref name="uwn2018">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> Yavaawo oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obutakkaanya n'abasomesa (abasinga obungi abazungu) ku bbago ly'ensoma ye ey'omusomo ogw'omusingi ku Afrika oguyitibwa "Problematising Africa". <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=June 1, 1998 |title=Is African studies to be turned into a new home for Bantu education at UCT? |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/02533959808458649 |journal=Social Dynamics |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=63–75 |doi=10.1080/02533959808458649 |issn=0253-3952 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> Mamdani, eyalaga nti ensoma eriwo eya " [[:en:Bantu_Education_Act,_1953|Bantu studies]] " (mu kujjuliza ku kusomesa Abaddugavu wansi w'enfuga [[:en:Apartheid|y'obusosoze]] ) <ref name="cas2018" /> yayimirizibwa era okukkakkana ng'alekulidde. <ref name="davis2017">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> "Ensonga ya Mamdani" ekyayogerwako mu kukubaganya ebirowoozo ku [[:en:Decolonization_of_higher_education_in_South_Africa|kununula amatendekero aga waggulu okuva mu nsoma y'abamatwale]] . Oluvannyuma yagamba nti teyalina busungu ku muntu yenna, era yalina enkolagana ennungi ekiseera kye yamalayo. Yagamba nti obutakwatagana bwali ku njawulo mu ndowooza n'addala ensengeka y’ensoma ku bikwata ku kusoma South Africa ng’ensi ya Afrika. Oluvannyuma (2018) yakomezebwawo nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa asuutibwa. [ b ] <ref name="uwn2018" /> Mu 1999, Mamdani yalondebwa okuba dayirekita w’ekitongole ekikola ku by’okunoonyereza ku Afirika mu yunivasite ya Columbia, ekifo kye yalina okutuusa mu 2004. <ref name="uwn2018"/> Okuva olwo abadde asomesa eyo (nga 2025). <ref name="haag2025">{{Cite web |last=Haag |first=Matthew |last2=Goldberg |first2=Emma |date=27 June 2025 |title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |archive-date=7 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku mbeera z’abantu ekya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=18 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University]] |archive-date=2 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002055113/http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Agaba |first=John |title=Mamdani talks about his research legacy and work at Makerere |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20220329112608625 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="bio2"/> Okutuuka mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2025 [[:en:Columbia_University#Academics|pulofeesa wa Herbert Lehman mu Gavumenti]] era pulofeesa ku nkula y'abantu, okusoma saayansi w'ebyobufuzi [[:en:African_studies|n'okusoma ku Afirika]] ku [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]].<ref name="bio2" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Faculty Bio: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/anthropology/fac-bios/mamdani/faculty.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Era akola nga chancellor wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://kiu.ac.ug/news-page.php?i=press-release-kampala-international-university-kiu-appoints-prof-mahmood-mamdani-as-chancellor |access-date=24 August 2020 |publisher=[[Kampala International University]]}}</ref> == Okunoonyereza n'okuwandiika == Mamdani yeemalira mu kunoonyereza ku byobufuzi bya Afirika n'eby'ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw'amatwale]] [[:en:Postcolonialism|n'oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale]], n'ebyobufuzi by'ebyenfuna. Ebitabo bye byekenneenya enkolagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'ebyobuwangwa, okugeraageranya [[:en:Colonialism|okufugibwa kw'amatwale]] okuva mu 1452, ebyafaayo by'entalo z'omunda [[:en:Genocide|n'ekitta bantu]] mu Afirika, [[:en:Cold_War|Olutalo olw'Ensi Yonna olw'ebigambo]] [[:en:War_on_terror|n'olutalo ku butujju]], n'ebyafaayo by'eddembe ly'obuntu.<ref>vSneh, Itai Nartzizenfield (2008). [https://books.google.com/books?id=iax4AAAAMAAJ ''The Future Almost Arrived: How Jimmy Carter Failed to Change U.S. Foreign Policy''.] [[:en:Peter_Lang_(publishing_company)|Peter Lang]]. p. 169. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780820481852|9780820481852]]</bdi>.</ref> Okunoonyereza kwe okw'omwaka 2016 kwatandikira ku kitabo kye eky'omwaka 1996, [[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]. <ref>[http://polisci.columbia.edu/people/profile/96 "Mahmood Mamdani | Department of Political Science"]. ''polisci.columbia.edu''. Retrieved 21 January 2016.</ref>Mu kitabo ekyo, yagamba nti eggwanga eryafugibwa terisobola kutegeerwa nga tewekenenyeza bulungi eggwanga eryalifuga.Enkola y'obufuzi bw'amatwale mu Afirika yali eddamu okusoomoozebwa kw'ekibuuzo "ekikulu", era yagamba nti yafuuka "amawanga agaabuluziddwamu".<ref name=":0">Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. pp. 15–16. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|<bdi>9780852553992</bdi>.]]</ref>Kino kyali kikolebwa mu ngeri bbiri: ku ludda olumu nga bafuga butereevu, nga kino kyali kikolwa kya "buyinza" era nga kyali kigenderera okuggya abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo ku ddembe ly'obuntu eryali liweebwa abatuuze mu bitundu ebirala, ate ku ludda olulala nga bafuga mu ngeri etali y'abuteerevu, nga kino kyali kikolebwa mu byalo era nga kizingiramu okuyingiza "bannansi" mu "mateeka g'eggwanga" agaateekebwawo ab'obuyinza mu byalo, era nga kino yakiyita "obwannakyemalira obw'okugabanya obuyinza".<ref name=":0" /> Embeera eno yali "yakusika muguwa" era ng'erimu "engeri bbiri ez'obuyinza wansi w'obuyinza obumu".<ref name=":0" /> Oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale, ebibuga byali tebikyayawulamu bantu lwa langi naye ebyalo byali bikyafugibwa abakulembeze abaali mu nkwawa z'abafuzi b'amatwale, ka babe abakulembeze ab'ennono oba b'ebali bakwasizzaobuyinza nga balina ebiruubirirwa by'okufugisa omukono ogw'ekyuma.<ref>Clapham, Chris (1997). "Review: Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism by Mahmood Mamdani'". ''Royal Institute of International Affairs''. '''73''': 606.</ref>Mu ngeri eno obukulembeze bwonna bwaleeta enjawukana mu mawnga era n'ekutondawo obukulembeze bwabwe obw'enjawulo obwannakyemalira.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref> Mamdani yekennenya ebyafaayo mu South Africa ne Uganda okulaga nti obufuzi bw'amatwale bwakozesa obuyinza obuyitiridde era obuyinza obwo bweyongera okubaawo oluvannyuma lw'ameefuga.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. p. 37. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref>Ng’asomooza endowooza eza bulijjo ku busosoze mu South Afrika nga ez’enjawulo, agamba nti [[:en:Apartheid|obusosoze mu mawanga]] bwali ngeri ya bulijjo ey’ettwale lya Bulaaya mu Africa, nga lizingiramu ensonga [[:en:Indirect_rule|z’obufuzi obutali butereevu]] n’okukwatagana<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1 January 1996 |title=Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism |isbn=9780852553992 |pages=16–18}}</ref> Mu kitabo kye ekyafulumizibwa mu 2004 ekya ''Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: America, the Cold War, and the Roots of Terror'' Mamdani yagamba nti [[:en:Suicide_attack|abeetuze]] balina okumanyibwa "ng'ekika ky'omujaasi" era nti balina "okutegeerwa mu ngeri y'effujjo ly'ebyobufuzi ery'omulembe guno okusinga okuvumwavumwa ng'akabonero k'obukambwe". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bickerton |first=James |date=2025-07-11 |title=Zohran Mamdani's father's remark about suicide bombers comes under scrutiny |url=https://www.newsweek.com/zohran-mamdani-father-remark-about-suicide-bombers-comes-under-scrutiny-2097793 |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref> Omuyivu omu yagamba nti kino si kuwagira kwettisa bbomu wabula kwekenneenya okwanenya '"okusalawo kwa Amerika ku nkola y'ensonga z'ebweru naddala mu kiseera ky'olutalo olw'ebigambo", okutondawo embeera [[:en:Islamic_extremism|y'Obusiraamu obw'annalukalala]] [[:en:Political_violence|n'effujjo mu byobufuzi]] " mwe byakulaakulanira. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Murray |first=Conor |date=Jul 11, 2025 |title=Mahmood Mamdani's Work Does Not Advocate Violence, Expert Says |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/conormurray/2025/07/11/sequoias-maguire-unfairly-targets-zohran-mamdanis-father-fellow-academic-says/ |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko bye bifulumiddde mu ''[[:en:London_Review_of_Books|London Review of Books]]'' n'ekampuni ezifulumya ebitabo ebirala.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/contributors/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=London Review of Books |language=en-GB}}</ref> Okusinziira ku CAS, ebiwandiiko bya Mamdani "bibadde bikulu mu kusomebwa abayizi abali ku misomo gyabwe egya undergraduate ne Postgraduate ku UCT ssaako n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo ku nsoma y'ebyafaayo n'ebyobufuzi bya Afirika , nga banonyereza ku nkwatagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'obuwangwa, okugerageranya obufuzi bw'amatwale, entalo ez'omunda mu ggwanga n'ekittabantu mu Afirika".<ref name="uwn20182">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> == Emirimu gy'emirala == Okuva mu 1998 <ref name="bio22">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> oba 1999 okutuuka mu 2002, Mamdani yaweereza nga pulezidenti w'olukiiko olukulaakulanya okunoonyereza ku ssaayansi w'embeera z'abantu mu Afrika ([[:en:Council_for_the_Development_of_Social_Science_Research_in_Africa|Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa]]). <ref name="cas20182">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumineebiri 2001, yawa okwogera ku "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" mu lukungaana lwa [[:en:Nobel_Prize|Nobel Centennial Symposium]] e [[:en:Oslo|Oslo]], Norway. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 December 2001 |title=Speech by Dr. Mahmood Mamdani: "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/mediaplayer/index.php?id=1281 |access-date=24 March 2013 |publisher=Nobel Prize}}</ref> Mu Gwomwenda 2006, Mamdani yali omu ku boogezi abaayitibwa mu lukuŋŋaana lw’ekibiina kya [[:en:Ugandan_North_American_Association_(UNAA)|Uganda North American Association (UNAA)]] mu kibuga New York. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2006-09-05 |title=UNAA Convention was disorganised! |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/news/1141390/unaa-convention-disorganised |access-date=2026-02-18 |publisher=New Vision (Kampala)}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano 2011, mu kiseera ky'okwekalakaasa okwali mu kibangirizi kya Tahrir([[:en:Tahrir_Square_protests|Tahrir Square protests]]) mu kibuga [[:en:Cairo|Cairo]], Misiri, Mamdani yayitibwa okwogerako mu [[:en:American_University_of_Cairo|Yunivasite y’Amerika e Cairo]]. Ng’ayogera eri abayizi mu [[:en:University_of_KwaZulu-Natal|yunivasite y’e KwaZulu-Natal]] mu South Africa mu 2012, kino yakigeraageranya n’obwegugungo obwaliwo mu Soweto ([[:en:1976_Soweto_uprising|Soweto Uprising]]) mu 1976 . <ref name="kwazulu2012">{{Cite web |date=24 April 2012 |title=Address on Receiving an Honorary Doctorate at the University of Kwazulu Natal |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/mesaas/images/faculty/news/Mamdani%20commencement.pdf |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumi 2011, Mamdani (nga bali wamu ne Rhoda Ann Kanaaneh) y'eyali omwogezi omukulu mu lukungaana lw’eggwanga olwasooka olw’abayizi olwa [[:en:Students_for_Justice_in_Palestine|Students for Justice in Palestine]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Silver |first=Carly |date=2011-10-16 |title=Reporting live from the first-ever SJP National Conference |url=https://newvoices.org/2011/10/15/reporting-live-from-the-first-ever-sjp-national-conference/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=New Voices |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nathan-Kazis |first=Josh |date=2011-10-11 |title=Pro-Palestinian Student Activists Plan First National Conference |url=https://forward.com/news/144173/pro-palestinian-student-activists-plan-push/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=The Forward |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2017 yayitibwa okuwa omusomo ku lunaku lwa [[:en:TB_Davie_Memorial_Lecture|TB Davie Memorial]] ku ddembe ly'okusoma mu Yunivasite y'e Cape Town, era emboozi ye, eyatuumibwa "Decolonising the Post-Colonial University" yaleetawo okukubaganya ebirowoozo kungi. <ref name="uwn20183">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="davis20172">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> Okuva mu Gwekkumineebiri 2017 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2018, Mamdani yaweereza nga Rajni Kothari Chair Professor mu [[:en:Centre_for_the_Study_of_Developing_Societies|Center for the Study of Developing Societies]] mu [[:en:Delhi|Delhi,]] Buyindi. Oluvannyuma lw'ekisanja kye okuggwako, nga 4 Ogwokuna 2018 yawa omusomo gwa Rajni Kothari Chair ogutegekebwa buli mwaka, ogwatuumibwa "Okulowooza ku bwenkanya okuyita mu bumanyirivu bw'Afirika mu kyasa eky'amakumi abiri". <ref name="csds2">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Alabikidde mu firimu z’ebyafaayo ng’omukugu okugeza, ''[[:en:Rwanda:_The_Untold_Story|Rwanda: The Untold Story]]'' (2014, [[:en:BBC|BBC]] ), ''The Dictator’s Playbook'' (2018, [[:en:PBS|PBS]] ) ne ''[[:en:How_to_Become_a_Tyrant|How to Become a Tyrant]]'' (2021, [[:en:Netflix|Netflix]]). <ref>{{Cite AV media|url=https://www.pbs.org/video/idi-amin-3ol3rz/|title=The Dictator's Playbook {{!}} Idi Amin {{!}} Episode 6|language=en|publisher=[[PBS]]|via=}}</ref> Yalabikira mu firimu ya [[:en:Cameo_appearance|cameo]] ,mu firimu ya 2012 ''eya [[:en:The_Reluctant_Fundamentalist_(film)|The Reluctant Fundamentalist]]'', eyakulemberwamu mukyala we. <ref>{{Cite AV media|title=[[The Reluctant Fundamentalist]]|date=2012|last=Nair|first=Mira|publisher=[[IFC Films]]}}</ref> Mu 2024, yeegatta ku [[:en:Gaza_tribunal|Gaza Tribunal]], eyagenderera "okuzuukusa ebibiina by'obwannakyewa ku buvunaanyizibwa bwabyo n'okukomya ekittabantu kya Yisirayiri mu Gaza." <ref>{{Cite web |title=Home |url=https://gazatribunal.com/ |access-date=2025-12-07 |website=Gaza Tribunal |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title='Gaza Tribunal' established in London to seek justice for war crimes in Gaza |url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/europe/-gaza-tribunal-established-in-london-to-seek-justice-for-war-crimes-in-gaza/3383887 |access-date=2026-01-07 |website=www.aa.com.tr}}</ref> == Okusiimibwa == Mu 2008, mu kunoonyereza okwakolebwa ku mutimbagano mu lwatu, Mamdani yalondebwa ng'owomwenda ku bantu abagezi abasinga mu nsi yonna ku lukalala lw'abagezigezi 100 okuva mu ''[[:en:Prospect_(magazine)|Prospect Magazine]]'' (UK) ne ''[[:en:Foreign_Policy|Foreign Policy]]'' (US). <ref>{{Cite web |date=2008 |title=The 2008 List |url=http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/prospect-100-intellectuals/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090930143349/http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/prospect-100-intellectuals/ |archive-date=30 September 2009 |publisher=[[Prospect (magazine)|Prospect Magazine]] (UK) / [[Foreign Policy]] (US)}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |date=2008 |title=The World's Top 20 Public Intellectuals |journal=Foreign Policy |publisher=Slate Group, LLC |issue=167 |pages=54–57 |issn=0015-7228 |eissn=1945-2276 |jstor=25462318}}</ref> Mu Gwomusanvu 2017, Mamdani yalondebwa okubeera [[:en:Corresponding_Fellow_of_the_British_Academy|Omukwanaganya wa British Academy (FBA)]], ettendekero ly’eggwanga erya Bungereza erikola ku by’obuntubulamu ne ssaayansi w’embeera z’abantu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 July 2017 |title=Elections to the British Academy celebrate the diversity of UK research |url=http://www.britac.ac.uk/news/elections-british-academy-celebrate-diversity-uk-research |access-date=29 July 2017 |website=British Academy}}</ref> Nga 28 May 2018 ( Africa Day ), Mamdani yalondebwa okuba pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa mu Center for African Studies mu Yunivasite y’e Cape Town. == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] jpa4a4ldn08ldk5ssqtw72pgvz89t4r 48697 48696 2026-05-03T09:54:27Z Charles Kalanzi 9748 48697 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mahmood Mamdani''' [ a ] FBA (yazaalibwa 23 Ogwokuna 1946) munnayuganda [[:en:Anthropologist|omukugu mu by'enkula y'abantu]], munnaby'anjigiriza, era omukugu mu by'obufuzi. Ye Herbert Lehman Pulofeesa wa Gavumenti era pulofeesa w’ensonga z'ekikula ky'abantu, [[:en:Political_science|ssaayansi w’ebyobufuzi]], n’okunoonyereza [[:en:African_studies|ku nsoma y'Afirika]] mu [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]] . Era akola nga Ccansala wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda, era nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa ku Center for African Studis mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y'e Cape Town]] . Emabegako yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole kya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. Mamdani mukugu mu kusoma ebyobufuzi bya Afrika n’ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw’amatwale]] n’oluvannyuma [[:en:Postcolonialism|lw'obufuzi bw’amatwale]], n’ebyobufuzi [[:en:Knowledge_economy|by’ebyenfuna]] . Mufumbo nga mukazi we ye [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]] omuzannyi wa firimu . Ye ne Nair be bazadde ba [[:en:New_York_City_Mayor|Meeya w'ekibuga New York]] [[Zohran Mamdani]] . == Obuto bwe n’okusoma == Mahmood Mamdani yazaalibwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1946 mu [[:en:Bombay|kibuga Bombay]] (kati Mumbai), Buyindi, ng’ebula omwaka gumu [[:en:British_Raj|enfuga ya Bungereza]] ekome. <ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/education/news/mahmood-mamdani-education-and-career-path-how-zohran-mamdanis-father-built-a-legacy-of-revolution-through-ideas-and-exile/articleshow/122064130.cms "Mahmood Mamdani education and career path: How Zohran Mamdani's father built a legacy of revolution through ideas and exile"]. ''The Times of India''. 25 June 2025. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN&nbsp;]][https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-8257 0971-825]7. Retrieved 13 July 2025.</ref> <ref name="codesria">{{Cite web |title=Pr. Mahmood Mamdani (1998-2002) |url=https://codesria.org/pr-mahmood-mamdani-1998-2002/ |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> Yakulira mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=23 February 2021 |title=Mahmood Mamdani on Uganda |url=https://africasacountry.com/2011/04/mamdani-on-uganda |website=Africa is a Country}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Permanent Minorities and the Politics of Survivors: A conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://worldpeacefoundation.org/blog/permanent-minorities-and-the-politics-of-survivors-a-conversation-with-mahmood-mamdani/ |website=World Peace Foundation}}</ref> ng'omu ku [[:en:Indian_diaspora_in_Southeast_Africa|Bayindi ababundabunda mu bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba bwa Afrika]] . Bazadde be bombi, [[:en:Gujarati_Muslim|basiraamu Abagujarati]], baazaalibwa era ne bakulira mu kitundu kya Bungereza eky'amatwale ki [[:en:Tanganyika_Territory|Tanganyika]] (leero Tanzania). Abafumbo bano baagenda e Bombay olwo kitaawe n’asomerayo mu ttendekero ekkulu. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Chen |first=Kuan-Hsing |last2=Gao |first2=Shiming |last3=Tang |first3=Xiaolin |date=2016 |title=The formation of an African intellectual: an interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |journal=Inter-Asia Cultural Studies |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=456–480 |doi=10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref>Muhoozi, Mourice (6 March 2022). [https://www.watchdoguganda.com/news/20220306/131449/meet-ugandas-most-iconic-academician-prof-mahmood-mamdani.html "Meet Uganda's most Iconic academician, Prof. Mahmood Mamdani"]. ''Watchdog Uganda''</ref> Famire yaddayo e [[:en:Dar_es_Salaam|Dar es Salaam]], Tanganyika, nga Mamdani wa myaka ebiri, ne bagenda e Uganda nga wa myaka etaano oba mukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Mu kiseera ekyo, Uganda yali yayawulwamu okusinziira ku mawanga, omuli abantu gye babeera, amasomero, emizikiti, n’ebifo abaana we bazannyira. Okusoma kwe mu pulayimale, Mamdani yasooka kugenda mu [[:en:Madrasa|madarasa]], n’oluvannyuma mu Government Indian Primary School. <ref name=":8"/> Yakula ng'ayogera [[:en:Gujarati_language|Olugujarati]], [[:en:Urdu|Oluurdu]] [[:en:Swahili_language|n'Oluswayiri]] . Yatandika okusoma Olungereza mu kibiina eky’omukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Oluvannyuma lw’okusoma siniya ey’awansi, yasomera ku Old Kampala Senior Secondary School, gye yali omuwandiisi w’ekibiina kya Do-it-Yourself Physics. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uganda: Buganda And Uganda At Crossroads |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090826030635/http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |archive-date=26 August 2009 |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=AllAfrica}}</ref> Mamdani yali omu ku bayizi Bannayuganda 23 abaali mu kibiina kya [[:en:The_Kennedy_Airlift|Kennedy Airlift]] mu 1963, enteekateeka ya sikaala eyaweebwa ssente okuva mu Amerika eyaleetera ebikumi n’ebikumi by'abayizi okuva mu [[:en:East_Africa|Buvanjuba bwa Afrika]] okusomera ku yunivasite mu Amerika ne Canada wakati wa 1959 ne 1963. <ref name="indian tele">{{Cite web |last=Sen |first=Manjula |date=25 January 2009 |title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |archive-date=2 February 2009 |access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref> Mamdani yatikkirwa diguli ya Bachelor of Arts okuva mu [[:en:University_of_Pittsburgh|Yunivasite y’e Pittsburgh]] <ref name="codesria"/> mu 1967. <ref>{{Cite book |date=1 January 2010 |title=International Encyclopedia of Civil Society |url=https://link.springer.com/referencework/10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |vauthors=((Anheier, H. K.)), ((Toepler, S.)) |publisher=Springer US |isbn=978-0-387-93994-0 |editor-last=Anheier |editor-first=Helmut K. |doi=10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |editor-last2=Toepler |editor-first2=Stefan}}</ref> Yali omu ku bayizi abangi mu bukiikakkono bwa Amerika abaali mu lugendo lwa bbaasi mu bukiikaddyo okutuuka e [[:en:Montgomery,_Alabama|Montgomery, Alabama]], olwategekebwa [[:en:Student_Nonviolent_Coordinating_Committee|akakiiko akakwasaganya abayizi abatali ba ffujjo]] mu Gwokusatu 1965 okwetaba mu kaweefube w'okulwanirira [[:en:Civil_rights_movement|eddembe ly’obuntu]] . Kino kyaliwo mu kiseera ky’okutambula okuva e [[:en:Selma_to_Montgomery_marches|Selma okutuuka e Montgomery]], naye nga kyo kya njawulo. Yasibibwa mu kkomera mu kutambula kuno era n’akkirizibwa okukuba essimu. Mamdani yakubira [[:en:Embassy_of_Uganda,_Washington,_D.C.|omubaka wa Uganda]] e [[:en:Washington,_DC|Washington, DC]], amuyambe. Omubaka yamubuuza lwaki "ayingirira ensonga z'omunda mu nsi engwira", n'amuddamu nti teyali nsonga ya munda wabula olutalo lw'eddembe era nti nabo eddembe lyabwe baali bakalifuna omwaka ogwakaggwa. <ref name="pambazuka">{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=28 April 2007 |title=The Asian question again: A reflection |url=http://www.pambazuka.org/en/category/comment/41273 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]] (Uganda) |via=pambazuka.org}}</ref> Amangu ddala nga wayiseewo akaseera katono, Mamdani yategeera ku mulimu gwa [[:en:Karl_Marx|Karl Marx]] okuva mu kukyala kwe ku FBI. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Shringarpure |first=Bhakti |author-link=Bhakti Shringarpure |date=15 July 2013 |title=In Conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.warscapes.com/conversations/conversation-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=6 November 2017 |website=Warscapes |language=en |quote=I thought the guy Marx had just died. […] So that was my introduction to Karl Marx.}}</ref> Yasomera ku [[:en:Fletcher_School_of_Law_and_Diplomacy|Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy]] mu [[:en:Tufts_University|Yunivasite ya Tufts]] era mu 1968 yatikkirwa diguli ya Master of Arts mu [[:en:Political_science|byobufuzi]] ne Master of Arts mu mateeka ne diplomacy mu 1969. Yafuna diguli ye [[:en:Doctor_of_philosophy|eyookusatu]] mu gavumenti okuva mu [[:en:Harvard_University|Yunivasite y'e Harvard]] mu 1974, wansi w’obulagirizi bwa [[:en:Karl_Deutsch|Karl Deutsch]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and class formation in Uganda |url=http://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=978-0-85345-378-9 |location=New York |via=Internet Archive}}</ref> Omulamwa kw'eyatambuliza ddiguli ye eyookusatu yagiwa omutwe "''Politics and Class Formation in Uganda."'' <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and Class Formation in Uganda |url=https://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=0-85345-378-0 |location=New York |oclc=2073894 |url-access=registration}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Allen |first=Judith Van |last2=Mamdani |first2=Mahmood |last3=Shivji |first3=Issa G. |date=November 1977 |title=Reviewed Works: Politics and Class Formation in Uganda. by Mahmood Mamdani; Class Struggles in Tanzania. by Issa G. Shivji |journal=Contemporary Sociology |publisher=American Sociological Association |volume=6 |issue=6 |pages=702 |doi=10.2307/2066367 |issn=0094-3061 |eissn=1939-8638 |jstor=2066367}}</ref> == Emirimu gye == Mamdani yakomawo mu Uganda ku ntandikwa ya 1972 era naweebwa omulimu ku [[Makerere University, Uganda|yunivasite y'e Makerere]] mu Kampala [[:en:Teaching_assistant|ng'ayambako omusomesa]], mu kiseera kye kimu yali akola ku kunoonyereza kwe okwa ddiguli eyookusatu. . Ye n’Abaasia abasinga obungi [[:en:Expulsion_of_Asians_from_Uganda|baagobebwa]] mu Uganda ku nkomerero y’omwaka ogwo [[Idi Amin]] olw’amawanga gaabwe; Amin yali agenderera "kuzzaawo" bizinensi n'ebintu. Mamdani yava mu Uganda n’agenda mu nkambi y’ababundabunda mu Bungereza ku ntandikwa y'omwezi Gwekkuminoogumu. <ref name="lrb2022">{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2022-10-06 |title=The Asian Question |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v44/n19/mahmood-mamdani/the-asian-question |journal=[[London Review of Books]] |language=en |volume=44 |issue=19 |issn=0260-9592 |access-date=2025-09-08}}</ref> Yava e Bungereza mu makkati ga 1973 oluvannyuma lw’okuyingizibwa mu [[:en:University_of_Dar_es_Salaam|Yunivasite y’e Dar es Salaam]] mu Tanzania. <ref name="pambazuka"/> <ref name="cas2018">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> <ref name="bio2">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> Mu Dar es Salaam, yamaliriza okuwandiika dissertation ye. Yali mujjumbize nnyo n’ebibiina ebiwakanya Amin. Mu 1979, yeetaba mu Ttabamiruka w’e Moshi ng’omutunuulizi. Yaddayo mu Uganda oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa ku bukulembeze oluvannyuma lw'olutalo lwa [[Olutalo lwa Uganda ne Tanzania|Uganda ne Tanzania]] mu 1979. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McCormack |first=Pete |date=17 October 2005 |title=Interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.petemccormack.com/interview_mamdani_001.htm |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=petemccormack.com}}</ref> <ref name="bio2" /> Mu kiseera kino, yakozesebwa ng'omutendeke mu kibiina kya [[:en:All_Africa_Conference_of_Churches|All Africa Conference of Churches]], omukago [[:en:Ecumenical_Christian|gw'Abakristaayo ogw'ensi yonna]] ogusangibwa e [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, ng'akolera mu ofiisi [[:en:Church_of_Uganda|y'Ekkanisa ya Uganda]] mu Kampala. <ref name="lrb2022"/> Okuva mu 1980 (oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa mu ntebe mu 1979) okutuuka mu 1993 yaddamu okukolera yunivasite y’e Makerere. <ref name="bio2"/> <ref name="lrb2022"/>​[[Milton Obote|​]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kagolo |first=Francis |date=8 February 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani to be honoured among Africa's best |url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/628869-prof-mamdani-to-be-honoured-among-africa-s-best.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]]}}</ref> Yaddayo e Dar es Salaam. Oluvannyuma lwa Obote okugobwa mu ntebe omulundi ogwokubiri, Mamdani yaddamu okudda mu Uganda mu Gwomukaaga 1986. <ref name="indian tele"/> Yali dayirekita eyatandikawo ekitongole kya Centre for Basic Research (CBR), ekitongole kya Uganda ekitali kya gavumenti ekyasooka mu kunoonyereza, mwe yaweereza okuva mu 1987 okutuuka mu 1996. <ref name="diaspora">{{Cite web |date=29 November 2012 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012 |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=ugandandiaspora.com}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> <ref name="csds">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Yaliko pulofeesa omugenyi ku [[:en:University_of_Durban-Westville|Yunivasite y’e Durban]] - [[:en:Westville,_KwaZulu-Natal|Westville]] mu South Africa (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka mu Gwomukaaga 1993), ku [[:en:Nehru_Memorial_Museum_&_Library|Nehru Memorial Museum & Library]] e New Delhi (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka Gwomukaaga 1995), ne mu [[:en:Princeton_University|Yunivasite y'e Princeton]] (1995–96). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vance |first=Dara |date=2015-11-20 |title=UK Committee on Social Theory Hosts Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://uknow.uky.edu/uk-happenings/uk-committee-social-theory-hosts-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=UKNow}}</ref> Mu 1996, yalondebwa okubeera omukulembeze w’entebe ya [[:en:Archibald_Campbell_Jordan|AC Jordan]] ey'ensoma y'Afirika mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y’e Cape Town]], <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 March 2011 |title=UCT in war over 'bantu education' |url=http://mg.co.za/article/2011-03-11-uct-in-war-over-bantu-education |access-date=22 March 2013}}</ref> era ku ntandikwa ya 1997 n’afuuka akulira [[:en:Centre_for_African_Studies|ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku by'ensoma y'Afirika]] (CAS). <ref name="uwn2018">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> Yavaawo oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obutakkaanya n'abasomesa (abasinga obungi abazungu) ku bbago ly'ensoma ye ey'omusomo ogw'omusingi ku Afrika oguyitibwa "Problematising Africa". <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=June 1, 1998 |title=Is African studies to be turned into a new home for Bantu education at UCT? |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/02533959808458649 |journal=Social Dynamics |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=63–75 |doi=10.1080/02533959808458649 |issn=0253-3952 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> Mamdani, eyalaga nti ensoma eriwo eya " [[:en:Bantu_Education_Act,_1953|Bantu studies]] " (mu kujjuliza ku kusomesa Abaddugavu wansi w'enfuga [[:en:Apartheid|y'obusosoze]] ) <ref name="cas2018" /> yayimirizibwa era okukkakkana ng'alekulidde. <ref name="davis2017">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> "Ensonga ya Mamdani" ekyayogerwako mu kukubaganya ebirowoozo ku [[:en:Decolonization_of_higher_education_in_South_Africa|kununula amatendekero aga waggulu okuva mu nsoma y'abamatwale]] . Oluvannyuma yagamba nti teyalina busungu ku muntu yenna, era yalina enkolagana ennungi ekiseera kye yamalayo. Yagamba nti obutakwatagana bwali ku njawulo mu ndowooza n'addala ensengeka y’ensoma ku bikwata ku kusoma South Africa ng’ensi ya Afrika. Oluvannyuma (2018) yakomezebwawo nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa asuutibwa. [ b ] <ref name="uwn2018" /> Mu 1999, Mamdani yalondebwa okuba dayirekita w’ekitongole ekikola ku by’okunoonyereza ku Afirika mu yunivasite ya Columbia, ekifo kye yalina okutuusa mu 2004. <ref name="uwn2018"/> Okuva olwo abadde asomesa eyo (nga 2025). <ref name="haag2025">{{Cite web |last=Haag |first=Matthew |last2=Goldberg |first2=Emma |date=27 June 2025 |title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |archive-date=7 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku mbeera z’abantu ekya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=18 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University]] |archive-date=2 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002055113/http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Agaba |first=John |title=Mamdani talks about his research legacy and work at Makerere |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20220329112608625 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="bio2"/> Okutuuka mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2025 [[:en:Columbia_University#Academics|pulofeesa wa Herbert Lehman mu Gavumenti]] era pulofeesa ku nkula y'abantu, okusoma saayansi w'ebyobufuzi [[:en:African_studies|n'okusoma ku Afirika]] ku [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]].<ref name="bio2" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Faculty Bio: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/anthropology/fac-bios/mamdani/faculty.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Era akola nga chancellor wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://kiu.ac.ug/news-page.php?i=press-release-kampala-international-university-kiu-appoints-prof-mahmood-mamdani-as-chancellor |access-date=24 August 2020 |publisher=[[Kampala International University]]}}</ref> == Okunoonyereza n'okuwandiika == Mamdani yeemalira mu kunoonyereza ku byobufuzi bya Afirika n'eby'ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw'amatwale]] [[:en:Postcolonialism|n'oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale]], n'ebyobufuzi by'ebyenfuna. Ebitabo bye byekenneenya enkolagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'ebyobuwangwa, okugeraageranya [[:en:Colonialism|okufugibwa kw'amatwale]] okuva mu 1452, ebyafaayo by'entalo z'omunda [[:en:Genocide|n'ekitta bantu]] mu Afirika, [[:en:Cold_War|Olutalo olw'Ensi Yonna olw'ebigambo]] [[:en:War_on_terror|n'olutalo ku butujju]], n'ebyafaayo by'eddembe ly'obuntu.<ref>vSneh, Itai Nartzizenfield (2008). [https://books.google.com/books?id=iax4AAAAMAAJ ''The Future Almost Arrived: How Jimmy Carter Failed to Change U.S. Foreign Policy''.] [[:en:Peter_Lang_(publishing_company)|Peter Lang]]. p. 169. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780820481852|9780820481852]]</bdi>.</ref> Okunoonyereza kwe okw'omwaka 2016 kwatandikira ku kitabo kye eky'omwaka 1996, [[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]. <ref>[http://polisci.columbia.edu/people/profile/96 "Mahmood Mamdani | Department of Political Science"]. ''polisci.columbia.edu''. Retrieved 21 January 2016.</ref>Mu kitabo ekyo, yagamba nti eggwanga eryafugibwa terisobola kutegeerwa nga tewekenenyeza bulungi eggwanga eryalifuga.Enkola y'obufuzi bw'amatwale mu Afirika yali eddamu okusoomoozebwa kw'ekibuuzo "ekikulu", era yagamba nti yafuuka "amawanga agaabuluziddwamu".<ref name=":0">Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. pp. 15–16. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|<bdi>9780852553992</bdi>.]]</ref>Kino kyali kikolebwa mu ngeri bbiri: ku ludda olumu nga bafuga butereevu, nga kino kyali kikolwa kya "buyinza" era nga kyali kigenderera okuggya abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo ku ddembe ly'obuntu eryali liweebwa abatuuze mu bitundu ebirala, ate ku ludda olulala nga bafuga mu ngeri etali y'abuteerevu, nga kino kyali kikolebwa mu byalo era nga kizingiramu okuyingiza "bannansi" mu "mateeka g'eggwanga" agaateekebwawo ab'obuyinza mu byalo, era nga kino yakiyita "obwannakyemalira obw'okugabanya obuyinza".<ref name=":0" /> Embeera eno yali "yakusika muguwa" era ng'erimu "engeri bbiri ez'obuyinza wansi w'obuyinza obumu".<ref name=":0" /> Oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale, ebibuga byali tebikyayawulamu bantu lwa langi naye ebyalo byali bikyafugibwa abakulembeze abaali mu nkwawa z'abafuzi b'amatwale, ka babe abakulembeze ab'ennono oba b'ebali bakwasizzaobuyinza nga balina ebiruubirirwa by'okufugisa omukono ogw'ekyuma.<ref>Clapham, Chris (1997). "Review: Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism by Mahmood Mamdani'". ''Royal Institute of International Affairs''. '''73''': 606.</ref>Mu ngeri eno obukulembeze bwonna bwaleeta enjawukana mu mawnga era n'ekutondawo obukulembeze bwabwe obw'enjawulo obwannakyemalira.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref> Mamdani yekennenya ebyafaayo mu South Africa ne Uganda okulaga nti obufuzi bw'amatwale bwakozesa obuyinza obuyitiridde era obuyinza obwo bweyongera okubaawo oluvannyuma lw'ameefuga.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. p. 37. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref>Ng’asomooza endowooza eza bulijjo ku busosoze mu South Afrika nga ez’enjawulo, agamba nti [[:en:Apartheid|obusosoze mu mawanga]] bwali ngeri ya bulijjo ey’ettwale lya Bulaaya mu Africa, nga lizingiramu ensonga [[:en:Indirect_rule|z’obufuzi obutali butereevu]] n’okukwatagana<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1 January 1996 |title=Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism |isbn=9780852553992 |pages=16–18}}</ref> Mu kitabo kye ekyafulumizibwa mu 2004 ekya ''Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: America, the Cold War, and the Roots of Terror'' Mamdani yagamba nti [[:en:Suicide_attack|abeetuze]] balina okumanyibwa "ng'ekika ky'omujaasi" era nti balina "okutegeerwa mu ngeri y'effujjo ly'ebyobufuzi ery'omulembe guno okusinga okuvumwavumwa ng'akabonero k'obukambwe". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bickerton |first=James |date=2025-07-11 |title=Zohran Mamdani's father's remark about suicide bombers comes under scrutiny |url=https://www.newsweek.com/zohran-mamdani-father-remark-about-suicide-bombers-comes-under-scrutiny-2097793 |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref> Omuyivu omu yagamba nti kino si kuwagira kwettisa bbomu wabula kwekenneenya okwanenya '"okusalawo kwa Amerika ku nkola y'ensonga z'ebweru naddala mu kiseera ky'olutalo olw'ebigambo", okutondawo embeera [[:en:Islamic_extremism|y'Obusiraamu obw'annalukalala]] [[:en:Political_violence|n'effujjo mu byobufuzi]] " mwe byakulaakulanira. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Murray |first=Conor |date=Jul 11, 2025 |title=Mahmood Mamdani's Work Does Not Advocate Violence, Expert Says |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/conormurray/2025/07/11/sequoias-maguire-unfairly-targets-zohran-mamdanis-father-fellow-academic-says/ |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko bye bifulumiddde mu ''[[:en:London_Review_of_Books|London Review of Books]]'' n'ekampuni ezifulumya ebitabo ebirala.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/contributors/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=London Review of Books |language=en-GB}}</ref> Okusinziira ku CAS, ebiwandiiko bya Mamdani "bibadde bikulu mu kusomebwa abayizi abali ku misomo gyabwe egya undergraduate ne Postgraduate ku UCT ssaako n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo ku nsoma y'ebyafaayo n'ebyobufuzi bya Afirika , nga banonyereza ku nkwatagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'obuwangwa, okugerageranya obufuzi bw'amatwale, entalo ez'omunda mu ggwanga n'ekittabantu mu Afirika".<ref name="uwn20182">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> == Emirimu gy'emirala == Okuva mu 1998 <ref name="bio22">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> oba 1999 okutuuka mu 2002, Mamdani yaweereza nga pulezidenti w'olukiiko olukulaakulanya okunoonyereza ku ssaayansi w'embeera z'abantu mu Afrika ([[:en:Council_for_the_Development_of_Social_Science_Research_in_Africa|Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa]]). <ref name="cas20182">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumineebiri 2001, yawa okwogera ku "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" mu lukungaana lwa [[:en:Nobel_Prize|Nobel Centennial Symposium]] e [[:en:Oslo|Oslo]], Norway. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 December 2001 |title=Speech by Dr. Mahmood Mamdani: "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/mediaplayer/index.php?id=1281 |access-date=24 March 2013 |publisher=Nobel Prize}}</ref> Mu Gwomwenda 2006, Mamdani yali omu ku boogezi abaayitibwa mu lukuŋŋaana lw’ekibiina kya [[:en:Ugandan_North_American_Association_(UNAA)|Uganda North American Association (UNAA)]] mu kibuga New York. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2006-09-05 |title=UNAA Convention was disorganised! |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/news/1141390/unaa-convention-disorganised |access-date=2026-02-18 |publisher=New Vision (Kampala)}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano 2011, mu kiseera ky'okwekalakaasa okwali mu kibangirizi kya Tahrir([[:en:Tahrir_Square_protests|Tahrir Square protests]]) mu kibuga [[:en:Cairo|Cairo]], Misiri, Mamdani yayitibwa okwogerako mu [[:en:American_University_of_Cairo|Yunivasite y’Amerika e Cairo]]. Ng’ayogera eri abayizi mu [[:en:University_of_KwaZulu-Natal|yunivasite y’e KwaZulu-Natal]] mu South Africa mu 2012, kino yakigeraageranya n’obwegugungo obwaliwo mu Soweto ([[:en:1976_Soweto_uprising|Soweto Uprising]]) mu 1976 . <ref name="kwazulu2012">{{Cite web |date=24 April 2012 |title=Address on Receiving an Honorary Doctorate at the University of Kwazulu Natal |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/mesaas/images/faculty/news/Mamdani%20commencement.pdf |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumi 2011, Mamdani (nga bali wamu ne Rhoda Ann Kanaaneh) y'eyali omwogezi omukulu mu lukungaana lw’eggwanga olwasooka olw’abayizi olwa [[:en:Students_for_Justice_in_Palestine|Students for Justice in Palestine]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Silver |first=Carly |date=2011-10-16 |title=Reporting live from the first-ever SJP National Conference |url=https://newvoices.org/2011/10/15/reporting-live-from-the-first-ever-sjp-national-conference/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=New Voices |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nathan-Kazis |first=Josh |date=2011-10-11 |title=Pro-Palestinian Student Activists Plan First National Conference |url=https://forward.com/news/144173/pro-palestinian-student-activists-plan-push/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=The Forward |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2017 yayitibwa okuwa omusomo ku lunaku lwa [[:en:TB_Davie_Memorial_Lecture|TB Davie Memorial]] ku ddembe ly'okusoma mu Yunivasite y'e Cape Town, era emboozi ye, eyatuumibwa "Decolonising the Post-Colonial University" yaleetawo okukubaganya ebirowoozo kungi. <ref name="uwn20183">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="davis20172">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> Okuva mu Gwekkumineebiri 2017 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2018, Mamdani yaweereza nga Rajni Kothari Chair Professor mu [[:en:Centre_for_the_Study_of_Developing_Societies|Center for the Study of Developing Societies]] mu [[:en:Delhi|Delhi,]] Buyindi. Oluvannyuma lw'ekisanja kye okuggwako, nga 4 Ogwokuna 2018 yawa omusomo gwa Rajni Kothari Chair ogutegekebwa buli mwaka, ogwatuumibwa "Okulowooza ku bwenkanya okuyita mu bumanyirivu bw'Afirika mu kyasa eky'amakumi abiri". <ref name="csds2">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Alabikidde mu firimu z’ebyafaayo ng’omukugu okugeza, ''[[:en:Rwanda:_The_Untold_Story|Rwanda: The Untold Story]]'' (2014, [[:en:BBC|BBC]] ), ''The Dictator’s Playbook'' (2018, [[:en:PBS|PBS]] ) ne ''[[:en:How_to_Become_a_Tyrant|How to Become a Tyrant]]'' (2021, [[:en:Netflix|Netflix]]). <ref>{{Cite AV media|url=https://www.pbs.org/video/idi-amin-3ol3rz/|title=The Dictator's Playbook {{!}} Idi Amin {{!}} Episode 6|language=en|publisher=[[PBS]]|via=}}</ref> Yalabikira mu firimu ya [[:en:Cameo_appearance|cameo]] ,mu firimu ya 2012 ''eya [[:en:The_Reluctant_Fundamentalist_(film)|The Reluctant Fundamentalist]]'', eyakulemberwamu mukyala we. <ref>{{Cite AV media|title=[[The Reluctant Fundamentalist]]|date=2012|last=Nair|first=Mira|publisher=[[IFC Films]]}}</ref> Mu 2024, yeegatta ku [[:en:Gaza_tribunal|Gaza Tribunal]], eyagenderera "okuzuukusa ebibiina by'obwannakyewa ku buvunaanyizibwa bwabyo n'okukomya ekittabantu kya Yisirayiri mu Gaza." <ref>{{Cite web |title=Home |url=https://gazatribunal.com/ |access-date=2025-12-07 |website=Gaza Tribunal |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title='Gaza Tribunal' established in London to seek justice for war crimes in Gaza |url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/europe/-gaza-tribunal-established-in-london-to-seek-justice-for-war-crimes-in-gaza/3383887 |access-date=2026-01-07 |website=www.aa.com.tr}}</ref> == Okusiimibwa == Mu 2008, mu kunoonyereza okwakolebwa ku mutimbagano mu lwatu, Mamdani yalondebwa ng'owomwenda ku bantu abagezi abasinga mu nsi yonna ku lukalala lw'abagezigezi 100 okuva mu ''[[:en:Prospect_(magazine)|Prospect Magazine]]'' (UK) ne ''[[:en:Foreign_Policy|Foreign Policy]]'' (US). <ref>{{Cite web |date=2008 |title=The 2008 List |url=http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/prospect-100-intellectuals/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090930143349/http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/prospect-100-intellectuals/ |archive-date=30 September 2009 |publisher=[[Prospect (magazine)|Prospect Magazine]] (UK) / [[Foreign Policy]] (US)}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |date=2008 |title=The World's Top 20 Public Intellectuals |journal=Foreign Policy |publisher=Slate Group, LLC |issue=167 |pages=54–57 |issn=0015-7228 |eissn=1945-2276 |jstor=25462318}}</ref> Mu Gwomusanvu 2017, Mamdani yalondebwa okubeera [[:en:Corresponding_Fellow_of_the_British_Academy|Omukwanaganya wa British Academy (FBA)]], ettendekero ly’eggwanga erya Bungereza erikola ku by’obuntubulamu ne ssaayansi w’embeera z’abantu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 July 2017 |title=Elections to the British Academy celebrate the diversity of UK research |url=http://www.britac.ac.uk/news/elections-british-academy-celebrate-diversity-uk-research |access-date=29 July 2017 |website=British Academy}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano nga 28, 2018 ( [[:en:Africa_Day|Africa Day]] ), Mamdani yalondebwa okuba pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa mu Center for African Studies mu Yunivasite y’e Cape Town. == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 7jwqwlcbe1m17fhfvm0c5qv44i0ny7a 48698 48697 2026-05-03T09:55:22Z Charles Kalanzi 9748 48698 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mahmood Mamdani''' [ a ] FBA (yazaalibwa 23 Ogwokuna 1946) munnayuganda [[:en:Anthropologist|omukugu mu by'enkula y'abantu]], munnaby'anjigiriza, era omukugu mu by'obufuzi. Ye Herbert Lehman Pulofeesa wa Gavumenti era pulofeesa w’ensonga z'ekikula ky'abantu, [[:en:Political_science|ssaayansi w’ebyobufuzi]], n’okunoonyereza [[:en:African_studies|ku nsoma y'Afirika]] mu [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]] . Era akola nga Ccansala wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda, era nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa ku Center for African Studis mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y'e Cape Town]] . Emabegako yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole kya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. Mamdani mukugu mu kusoma ebyobufuzi bya Afrika n’ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw’amatwale]] n’oluvannyuma [[:en:Postcolonialism|lw'obufuzi bw’amatwale]], n’ebyobufuzi [[:en:Knowledge_economy|by’ebyenfuna]] . Mufumbo nga mukazi we ye [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]] omuzannyi wa firimu . Ye ne Nair be bazadde ba [[:en:New_York_City_Mayor|Meeya w'ekibuga New York]] [[Zohran Mamdani]] . == Obuto bwe n’okusoma == Mahmood Mamdani yazaalibwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1946 mu [[:en:Bombay|kibuga Bombay]] (kati Mumbai), Buyindi, ng’ebula omwaka gumu [[:en:British_Raj|enfuga ya Bungereza]] ekome. <ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/education/news/mahmood-mamdani-education-and-career-path-how-zohran-mamdanis-father-built-a-legacy-of-revolution-through-ideas-and-exile/articleshow/122064130.cms "Mahmood Mamdani education and career path: How Zohran Mamdani's father built a legacy of revolution through ideas and exile"]. ''The Times of India''. 25 June 2025. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN&nbsp;]][https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-8257 0971-825]7. Retrieved 13 July 2025.</ref> <ref name="codesria">{{Cite web |title=Pr. Mahmood Mamdani (1998-2002) |url=https://codesria.org/pr-mahmood-mamdani-1998-2002/ |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> Yakulira mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=23 February 2021 |title=Mahmood Mamdani on Uganda |url=https://africasacountry.com/2011/04/mamdani-on-uganda |website=Africa is a Country}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Permanent Minorities and the Politics of Survivors: A conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://worldpeacefoundation.org/blog/permanent-minorities-and-the-politics-of-survivors-a-conversation-with-mahmood-mamdani/ |website=World Peace Foundation}}</ref> ng'omu ku [[:en:Indian_diaspora_in_Southeast_Africa|Bayindi ababundabunda mu bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba bwa Afrika]] . Bazadde be bombi, [[:en:Gujarati_Muslim|basiraamu Abagujarati]], baazaalibwa era ne bakulira mu kitundu kya Bungereza eky'amatwale ki [[:en:Tanganyika_Territory|Tanganyika]] (leero Tanzania). Abafumbo bano baagenda e Bombay olwo kitaawe n’asomerayo mu ttendekero ekkulu. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Chen |first=Kuan-Hsing |last2=Gao |first2=Shiming |last3=Tang |first3=Xiaolin |date=2016 |title=The formation of an African intellectual: an interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |journal=Inter-Asia Cultural Studies |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=456–480 |doi=10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref>Muhoozi, Mourice (6 March 2022). [https://www.watchdoguganda.com/news/20220306/131449/meet-ugandas-most-iconic-academician-prof-mahmood-mamdani.html "Meet Uganda's most Iconic academician, Prof. Mahmood Mamdani"]. ''Watchdog Uganda''</ref> Famire yaddayo e [[:en:Dar_es_Salaam|Dar es Salaam]], Tanganyika, nga Mamdani wa myaka ebiri, ne bagenda e Uganda nga wa myaka etaano oba mukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Mu kiseera ekyo, Uganda yali yayawulwamu okusinziira ku mawanga, omuli abantu gye babeera, amasomero, emizikiti, n’ebifo abaana we bazannyira. Okusoma kwe mu pulayimale, Mamdani yasooka kugenda mu [[:en:Madrasa|madarasa]], n’oluvannyuma mu Government Indian Primary School. <ref name=":8"/> Yakula ng'ayogera [[:en:Gujarati_language|Olugujarati]], [[:en:Urdu|Oluurdu]] [[:en:Swahili_language|n'Oluswayiri]] . Yatandika okusoma Olungereza mu kibiina eky’omukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Oluvannyuma lw’okusoma siniya ey’awansi, yasomera ku Old Kampala Senior Secondary School, gye yali omuwandiisi w’ekibiina kya Do-it-Yourself Physics. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uganda: Buganda And Uganda At Crossroads |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090826030635/http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |archive-date=26 August 2009 |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=AllAfrica}}</ref> Mamdani yali omu ku bayizi Bannayuganda 23 abaali mu kibiina kya [[:en:The_Kennedy_Airlift|Kennedy Airlift]] mu 1963, enteekateeka ya sikaala eyaweebwa ssente okuva mu Amerika eyaleetera ebikumi n’ebikumi by'abayizi okuva mu [[:en:East_Africa|Buvanjuba bwa Afrika]] okusomera ku yunivasite mu Amerika ne Canada wakati wa 1959 ne 1963. <ref name="indian tele">{{Cite web |last=Sen |first=Manjula |date=25 January 2009 |title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |archive-date=2 February 2009 |access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref> Mamdani yatikkirwa diguli ya Bachelor of Arts okuva mu [[:en:University_of_Pittsburgh|Yunivasite y’e Pittsburgh]] <ref name="codesria"/> mu 1967. <ref>{{Cite book |date=1 January 2010 |title=International Encyclopedia of Civil Society |url=https://link.springer.com/referencework/10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |vauthors=((Anheier, H. K.)), ((Toepler, S.)) |publisher=Springer US |isbn=978-0-387-93994-0 |editor-last=Anheier |editor-first=Helmut K. |doi=10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |editor-last2=Toepler |editor-first2=Stefan}}</ref> Yali omu ku bayizi abangi mu bukiikakkono bwa Amerika abaali mu lugendo lwa bbaasi mu bukiikaddyo okutuuka e [[:en:Montgomery,_Alabama|Montgomery, Alabama]], olwategekebwa [[:en:Student_Nonviolent_Coordinating_Committee|akakiiko akakwasaganya abayizi abatali ba ffujjo]] mu Gwokusatu 1965 okwetaba mu kaweefube w'okulwanirira [[:en:Civil_rights_movement|eddembe ly’obuntu]] . Kino kyaliwo mu kiseera ky’okutambula okuva e [[:en:Selma_to_Montgomery_marches|Selma okutuuka e Montgomery]], naye nga kyo kya njawulo. Yasibibwa mu kkomera mu kutambula kuno era n’akkirizibwa okukuba essimu. Mamdani yakubira [[:en:Embassy_of_Uganda,_Washington,_D.C.|omubaka wa Uganda]] e [[:en:Washington,_DC|Washington, DC]], amuyambe. Omubaka yamubuuza lwaki "ayingirira ensonga z'omunda mu nsi engwira", n'amuddamu nti teyali nsonga ya munda wabula olutalo lw'eddembe era nti nabo eddembe lyabwe baali bakalifuna omwaka ogwakaggwa. <ref name="pambazuka">{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=28 April 2007 |title=The Asian question again: A reflection |url=http://www.pambazuka.org/en/category/comment/41273 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]] (Uganda) |via=pambazuka.org}}</ref> Amangu ddala nga wayiseewo akaseera katono, Mamdani yategeera ku mulimu gwa [[:en:Karl_Marx|Karl Marx]] okuva mu kukyala kwe ku FBI. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Shringarpure |first=Bhakti |author-link=Bhakti Shringarpure |date=15 July 2013 |title=In Conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.warscapes.com/conversations/conversation-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=6 November 2017 |website=Warscapes |language=en |quote=I thought the guy Marx had just died. […] So that was my introduction to Karl Marx.}}</ref> Yasomera ku [[:en:Fletcher_School_of_Law_and_Diplomacy|Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy]] mu [[:en:Tufts_University|Yunivasite ya Tufts]] era mu 1968 yatikkirwa diguli ya Master of Arts mu [[:en:Political_science|byobufuzi]] ne Master of Arts mu mateeka ne diplomacy mu 1969. Yafuna diguli ye [[:en:Doctor_of_philosophy|eyookusatu]] mu gavumenti okuva mu [[:en:Harvard_University|Yunivasite y'e Harvard]] mu 1974, wansi w’obulagirizi bwa [[:en:Karl_Deutsch|Karl Deutsch]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and class formation in Uganda |url=http://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=978-0-85345-378-9 |location=New York |via=Internet Archive}}</ref> Omulamwa kw'eyatambuliza ddiguli ye eyookusatu yagiwa omutwe "''Politics and Class Formation in Uganda."'' <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and Class Formation in Uganda |url=https://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=0-85345-378-0 |location=New York |oclc=2073894 |url-access=registration}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Allen |first=Judith Van |last2=Mamdani |first2=Mahmood |last3=Shivji |first3=Issa G. |date=November 1977 |title=Reviewed Works: Politics and Class Formation in Uganda. by Mahmood Mamdani; Class Struggles in Tanzania. by Issa G. Shivji |journal=Contemporary Sociology |publisher=American Sociological Association |volume=6 |issue=6 |pages=702 |doi=10.2307/2066367 |issn=0094-3061 |eissn=1939-8638 |jstor=2066367}}</ref> == Emirimu gye == Mamdani yakomawo mu Uganda ku ntandikwa ya 1972 era naweebwa omulimu ku [[Makerere University, Uganda|yunivasite y'e Makerere]] mu Kampala [[:en:Teaching_assistant|ng'ayambako omusomesa]], mu kiseera kye kimu yali akola ku kunoonyereza kwe okwa ddiguli eyookusatu. . Ye n’Abaasia abasinga obungi [[:en:Expulsion_of_Asians_from_Uganda|baagobebwa]] mu Uganda ku nkomerero y’omwaka ogwo [[Idi Amin]] olw’amawanga gaabwe; Amin yali agenderera "kuzzaawo" bizinensi n'ebintu. Mamdani yava mu Uganda n’agenda mu nkambi y’ababundabunda mu Bungereza ku ntandikwa y'omwezi Gwekkuminoogumu. <ref name="lrb2022">{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2022-10-06 |title=The Asian Question |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v44/n19/mahmood-mamdani/the-asian-question |journal=[[London Review of Books]] |language=en |volume=44 |issue=19 |issn=0260-9592 |access-date=2025-09-08}}</ref> Yava e Bungereza mu makkati ga 1973 oluvannyuma lw’okuyingizibwa mu [[:en:University_of_Dar_es_Salaam|Yunivasite y’e Dar es Salaam]] mu Tanzania. <ref name="pambazuka"/> <ref name="cas2018">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> <ref name="bio2">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> Mu Dar es Salaam, yamaliriza okuwandiika dissertation ye. Yali mujjumbize nnyo n’ebibiina ebiwakanya Amin. Mu 1979, yeetaba mu Ttabamiruka w’e Moshi ng’omutunuulizi. Yaddayo mu Uganda oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa ku bukulembeze oluvannyuma lw'olutalo lwa [[Olutalo lwa Uganda ne Tanzania|Uganda ne Tanzania]] mu 1979. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McCormack |first=Pete |date=17 October 2005 |title=Interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.petemccormack.com/interview_mamdani_001.htm |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=petemccormack.com}}</ref> <ref name="bio2" /> Mu kiseera kino, yakozesebwa ng'omutendeke mu kibiina kya [[:en:All_Africa_Conference_of_Churches|All Africa Conference of Churches]], omukago [[:en:Ecumenical_Christian|gw'Abakristaayo ogw'ensi yonna]] ogusangibwa e [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, ng'akolera mu ofiisi [[:en:Church_of_Uganda|y'Ekkanisa ya Uganda]] mu Kampala. <ref name="lrb2022"/> Okuva mu 1980 (oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa mu ntebe mu 1979) okutuuka mu 1993 yaddamu okukolera yunivasite y’e Makerere. <ref name="bio2"/> <ref name="lrb2022"/>​[[Milton Obote|​]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kagolo |first=Francis |date=8 February 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani to be honoured among Africa's best |url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/628869-prof-mamdani-to-be-honoured-among-africa-s-best.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]]}}</ref> Yaddayo e Dar es Salaam. Oluvannyuma lwa Obote okugobwa mu ntebe omulundi ogwokubiri, Mamdani yaddamu okudda mu Uganda mu Gwomukaaga 1986. <ref name="indian tele"/> Yali dayirekita eyatandikawo ekitongole kya Centre for Basic Research (CBR), ekitongole kya Uganda ekitali kya gavumenti ekyasooka mu kunoonyereza, mwe yaweereza okuva mu 1987 okutuuka mu 1996. <ref name="diaspora">{{Cite web |date=29 November 2012 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012 |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=ugandandiaspora.com}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> <ref name="csds">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Yaliko pulofeesa omugenyi ku [[:en:University_of_Durban-Westville|Yunivasite y’e Durban]] - [[:en:Westville,_KwaZulu-Natal|Westville]] mu South Africa (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka mu Gwomukaaga 1993), ku [[:en:Nehru_Memorial_Museum_&_Library|Nehru Memorial Museum & Library]] e New Delhi (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka Gwomukaaga 1995), ne mu [[:en:Princeton_University|Yunivasite y'e Princeton]] (1995–96). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vance |first=Dara |date=2015-11-20 |title=UK Committee on Social Theory Hosts Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://uknow.uky.edu/uk-happenings/uk-committee-social-theory-hosts-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=UKNow}}</ref> Mu 1996, yalondebwa okubeera omukulembeze w’entebe ya [[:en:Archibald_Campbell_Jordan|AC Jordan]] ey'ensoma y'Afirika mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y’e Cape Town]], <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 March 2011 |title=UCT in war over 'bantu education' |url=http://mg.co.za/article/2011-03-11-uct-in-war-over-bantu-education |access-date=22 March 2013}}</ref> era ku ntandikwa ya 1997 n’afuuka akulira [[:en:Centre_for_African_Studies|ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku by'ensoma y'Afirika]] (CAS). <ref name="uwn2018">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> Yavaawo oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obutakkaanya n'abasomesa (abasinga obungi abazungu) ku bbago ly'ensoma ye ey'omusomo ogw'omusingi ku Afrika oguyitibwa "Problematising Africa". <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=June 1, 1998 |title=Is African studies to be turned into a new home for Bantu education at UCT? |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/02533959808458649 |journal=Social Dynamics |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=63–75 |doi=10.1080/02533959808458649 |issn=0253-3952 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> Mamdani, eyalaga nti ensoma eriwo eya " [[:en:Bantu_Education_Act,_1953|Bantu studies]] " (mu kujjuliza ku kusomesa Abaddugavu wansi w'enfuga [[:en:Apartheid|y'obusosoze]] ) <ref name="cas2018" /> yayimirizibwa era okukkakkana ng'alekulidde. <ref name="davis2017">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> "Ensonga ya Mamdani" ekyayogerwako mu kukubaganya ebirowoozo ku [[:en:Decolonization_of_higher_education_in_South_Africa|kununula amatendekero aga waggulu okuva mu nsoma y'abamatwale]] . Oluvannyuma yagamba nti teyalina busungu ku muntu yenna, era yalina enkolagana ennungi ekiseera kye yamalayo. Yagamba nti obutakwatagana bwali ku njawulo mu ndowooza n'addala ensengeka y’ensoma ku bikwata ku kusoma South Africa ng’ensi ya Afrika. Oluvannyuma (2018) yakomezebwawo nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa asuutibwa. [ b ] <ref name="uwn2018" /> Mu 1999, Mamdani yalondebwa okuba dayirekita w’ekitongole ekikola ku by’okunoonyereza ku Afirika mu yunivasite ya Columbia, ekifo kye yalina okutuusa mu 2004. <ref name="uwn2018"/> Okuva olwo abadde asomesa eyo (nga 2025). <ref name="haag2025">{{Cite web |last=Haag |first=Matthew |last2=Goldberg |first2=Emma |date=27 June 2025 |title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |archive-date=7 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku mbeera z’abantu ekya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=18 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University]] |archive-date=2 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002055113/http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Agaba |first=John |title=Mamdani talks about his research legacy and work at Makerere |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20220329112608625 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="bio2"/> Okutuuka mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2025 [[:en:Columbia_University#Academics|pulofeesa wa Herbert Lehman mu Gavumenti]] era pulofeesa ku nkula y'abantu, okusoma saayansi w'ebyobufuzi [[:en:African_studies|n'okusoma ku Afirika]] ku [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]].<ref name="bio2" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Faculty Bio: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/anthropology/fac-bios/mamdani/faculty.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Era akola nga chancellor wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://kiu.ac.ug/news-page.php?i=press-release-kampala-international-university-kiu-appoints-prof-mahmood-mamdani-as-chancellor |access-date=24 August 2020 |publisher=[[Kampala International University]]}}</ref> == Okunoonyereza n'okuwandiika == Mamdani yeemalira mu kunoonyereza ku byobufuzi bya Afirika n'eby'ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw'amatwale]] [[:en:Postcolonialism|n'oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale]], n'ebyobufuzi by'ebyenfuna. Ebitabo bye byekenneenya enkolagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'ebyobuwangwa, okugeraageranya [[:en:Colonialism|okufugibwa kw'amatwale]] okuva mu 1452, ebyafaayo by'entalo z'omunda [[:en:Genocide|n'ekitta bantu]] mu Afirika, [[:en:Cold_War|Olutalo olw'Ensi Yonna olw'ebigambo]] [[:en:War_on_terror|n'olutalo ku butujju]], n'ebyafaayo by'eddembe ly'obuntu.<ref>vSneh, Itai Nartzizenfield (2008). [https://books.google.com/books?id=iax4AAAAMAAJ ''The Future Almost Arrived: How Jimmy Carter Failed to Change U.S. Foreign Policy''.] [[:en:Peter_Lang_(publishing_company)|Peter Lang]]. p. 169. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780820481852|9780820481852]]</bdi>.</ref> Okunoonyereza kwe okw'omwaka 2016 kwatandikira ku kitabo kye eky'omwaka 1996, [[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]. <ref>[http://polisci.columbia.edu/people/profile/96 "Mahmood Mamdani | Department of Political Science"]. ''polisci.columbia.edu''. Retrieved 21 January 2016.</ref>Mu kitabo ekyo, yagamba nti eggwanga eryafugibwa terisobola kutegeerwa nga tewekenenyeza bulungi eggwanga eryalifuga.Enkola y'obufuzi bw'amatwale mu Afirika yali eddamu okusoomoozebwa kw'ekibuuzo "ekikulu", era yagamba nti yafuuka "amawanga agaabuluziddwamu".<ref name=":0">Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. pp. 15–16. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|<bdi>9780852553992</bdi>.]]</ref>Kino kyali kikolebwa mu ngeri bbiri: ku ludda olumu nga bafuga butereevu, nga kino kyali kikolwa kya "buyinza" era nga kyali kigenderera okuggya abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo ku ddembe ly'obuntu eryali liweebwa abatuuze mu bitundu ebirala, ate ku ludda olulala nga bafuga mu ngeri etali y'abuteerevu, nga kino kyali kikolebwa mu byalo era nga kizingiramu okuyingiza "bannansi" mu "mateeka g'eggwanga" agaateekebwawo ab'obuyinza mu byalo, era nga kino yakiyita "obwannakyemalira obw'okugabanya obuyinza".<ref name=":0" /> Embeera eno yali "yakusika muguwa" era ng'erimu "engeri bbiri ez'obuyinza wansi w'obuyinza obumu".<ref name=":0" /> Oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale, ebibuga byali tebikyayawulamu bantu lwa langi naye ebyalo byali bikyafugibwa abakulembeze abaali mu nkwawa z'abafuzi b'amatwale, ka babe abakulembeze ab'ennono oba b'ebali bakwasizzaobuyinza nga balina ebiruubirirwa by'okufugisa omukono ogw'ekyuma.<ref>Clapham, Chris (1997). "Review: Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism by Mahmood Mamdani'". ''Royal Institute of International Affairs''. '''73''': 606.</ref>Mu ngeri eno obukulembeze bwonna bwaleeta enjawukana mu mawnga era n'ekutondawo obukulembeze bwabwe obw'enjawulo obwannakyemalira.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref> Mamdani yekennenya ebyafaayo mu South Africa ne Uganda okulaga nti obufuzi bw'amatwale bwakozesa obuyinza obuyitiridde era obuyinza obwo bweyongera okubaawo oluvannyuma lw'ameefuga.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. p. 37. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref>Ng’asomooza endowooza eza bulijjo ku busosoze mu South Afrika nga ez’enjawulo, agamba nti [[:en:Apartheid|obusosoze mu mawanga]] bwali ngeri ya bulijjo ey’ettwale lya Bulaaya mu Africa, nga lizingiramu ensonga [[:en:Indirect_rule|z’obufuzi obutali butereevu]] n’okukwatagana<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1 January 1996 |title=Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism |isbn=9780852553992 |pages=16–18}}</ref> Mu kitabo kye ekyafulumizibwa mu 2004 ekya ''Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: America, the Cold War, and the Roots of Terror'' Mamdani yagamba nti [[:en:Suicide_attack|abeetuze]] balina okumanyibwa "ng'ekika ky'omujaasi" era nti balina "okutegeerwa mu ngeri y'effujjo ly'ebyobufuzi ery'omulembe guno okusinga okuvumwavumwa ng'akabonero k'obukambwe". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bickerton |first=James |date=2025-07-11 |title=Zohran Mamdani's father's remark about suicide bombers comes under scrutiny |url=https://www.newsweek.com/zohran-mamdani-father-remark-about-suicide-bombers-comes-under-scrutiny-2097793 |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref> Omuyivu omu yagamba nti kino si kuwagira kwettisa bbomu wabula kwekenneenya okwanenya '"okusalawo kwa Amerika ku nkola y'ensonga z'ebweru naddala mu kiseera ky'olutalo olw'ebigambo", okutondawo embeera [[:en:Islamic_extremism|y'Obusiraamu obw'annalukalala]] [[:en:Political_violence|n'effujjo mu byobufuzi]] " mwe byakulaakulanira. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Murray |first=Conor |date=Jul 11, 2025 |title=Mahmood Mamdani's Work Does Not Advocate Violence, Expert Says |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/conormurray/2025/07/11/sequoias-maguire-unfairly-targets-zohran-mamdanis-father-fellow-academic-says/ |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko bye bifulumiddde mu ''[[:en:London_Review_of_Books|London Review of Books]]'' n'ekampuni ezifulumya ebitabo ebirala.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/contributors/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=London Review of Books |language=en-GB}}</ref> Okusinziira ku CAS, ebiwandiiko bya Mamdani "bibadde bikulu mu kusomebwa abayizi abali ku misomo gyabwe egya undergraduate ne Postgraduate ku UCT ssaako n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo ku nsoma y'ebyafaayo n'ebyobufuzi bya Afirika , nga banonyereza ku nkwatagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'obuwangwa, okugerageranya obufuzi bw'amatwale, entalo ez'omunda mu ggwanga n'ekittabantu mu Afirika".<ref name="uwn20182">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> == Emirimu gy'emirala == Okuva mu 1998 <ref name="bio22">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> oba 1999 okutuuka mu 2002, Mamdani yaweereza nga pulezidenti w'olukiiko olukulaakulanya okunoonyereza ku ssaayansi w'embeera z'abantu mu Afrika ([[:en:Council_for_the_Development_of_Social_Science_Research_in_Africa|Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa]]). <ref name="cas20182">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumineebiri 2001, yawa okwogera ku "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" mu lukungaana lwa [[:en:Nobel_Prize|Nobel Centennial Symposium]] e [[:en:Oslo|Oslo]], Norway. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 December 2001 |title=Speech by Dr. Mahmood Mamdani: "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/mediaplayer/index.php?id=1281 |access-date=24 March 2013 |publisher=Nobel Prize}}</ref> Mu Gwomwenda 2006, Mamdani yali omu ku boogezi abaayitibwa mu lukuŋŋaana lw’ekibiina kya [[:en:Ugandan_North_American_Association_(UNAA)|Uganda North American Association (UNAA)]] mu kibuga New York. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2006-09-05 |title=UNAA Convention was disorganised! |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/news/1141390/unaa-convention-disorganised |access-date=2026-02-18 |publisher=New Vision (Kampala)}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano 2011, mu kiseera ky'okwekalakaasa okwali mu kibangirizi kya Tahrir([[:en:Tahrir_Square_protests|Tahrir Square protests]]) mu kibuga [[:en:Cairo|Cairo]], Misiri, Mamdani yayitibwa okwogerako mu [[:en:American_University_of_Cairo|Yunivasite y’Amerika e Cairo]]. Ng’ayogera eri abayizi mu [[:en:University_of_KwaZulu-Natal|yunivasite y’e KwaZulu-Natal]] mu South Africa mu 2012, kino yakigeraageranya n’obwegugungo obwaliwo mu Soweto ([[:en:1976_Soweto_uprising|Soweto Uprising]]) mu 1976 . <ref name="kwazulu2012">{{Cite web |date=24 April 2012 |title=Address on Receiving an Honorary Doctorate at the University of Kwazulu Natal |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/mesaas/images/faculty/news/Mamdani%20commencement.pdf |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumi 2011, Mamdani (nga bali wamu ne Rhoda Ann Kanaaneh) y'eyali omwogezi omukulu mu lukungaana lw’eggwanga olwasooka olw’abayizi olwa [[:en:Students_for_Justice_in_Palestine|Students for Justice in Palestine]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Silver |first=Carly |date=2011-10-16 |title=Reporting live from the first-ever SJP National Conference |url=https://newvoices.org/2011/10/15/reporting-live-from-the-first-ever-sjp-national-conference/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=New Voices |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nathan-Kazis |first=Josh |date=2011-10-11 |title=Pro-Palestinian Student Activists Plan First National Conference |url=https://forward.com/news/144173/pro-palestinian-student-activists-plan-push/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=The Forward |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2017 yayitibwa okuwa omusomo ku lunaku lwa [[:en:TB_Davie_Memorial_Lecture|TB Davie Memorial]] ku ddembe ly'okusoma mu Yunivasite y'e Cape Town, era emboozi ye, eyatuumibwa "Decolonising the Post-Colonial University" yaleetawo okukubaganya ebirowoozo kungi. <ref name="uwn20183">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="davis20172">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> Okuva mu Gwekkumineebiri 2017 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2018, Mamdani yaweereza nga Rajni Kothari Chair Professor mu [[:en:Centre_for_the_Study_of_Developing_Societies|Center for the Study of Developing Societies]] mu [[:en:Delhi|Delhi,]] Buyindi. Oluvannyuma lw'ekisanja kye okuggwako, nga 4 Ogwokuna 2018 yawa omusomo gwa Rajni Kothari Chair ogutegekebwa buli mwaka, ogwatuumibwa "Okulowooza ku bwenkanya okuyita mu bumanyirivu bw'Afirika mu kyasa eky'amakumi abiri". <ref name="csds2">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Alabikidde mu firimu z’ebyafaayo ng’omukugu okugeza, ''[[:en:Rwanda:_The_Untold_Story|Rwanda: The Untold Story]]'' (2014, [[:en:BBC|BBC]] ), ''The Dictator’s Playbook'' (2018, [[:en:PBS|PBS]] ) ne ''[[:en:How_to_Become_a_Tyrant|How to Become a Tyrant]]'' (2021, [[:en:Netflix|Netflix]]). <ref>{{Cite AV media|url=https://www.pbs.org/video/idi-amin-3ol3rz/|title=The Dictator's Playbook {{!}} Idi Amin {{!}} Episode 6|language=en|publisher=[[PBS]]|via=}}</ref> Yalabikira mu firimu ya [[:en:Cameo_appearance|cameo]] ,mu firimu ya 2012 ''eya [[:en:The_Reluctant_Fundamentalist_(film)|The Reluctant Fundamentalist]]'', eyakulemberwamu mukyala we. <ref>{{Cite AV media|title=[[The Reluctant Fundamentalist]]|date=2012|last=Nair|first=Mira|publisher=[[IFC Films]]}}</ref> Mu 2024, yeegatta ku [[:en:Gaza_tribunal|Gaza Tribunal]], eyagenderera "okuzuukusa ebibiina by'obwannakyewa ku buvunaanyizibwa bwabyo n'okukomya ekittabantu kya Yisirayiri mu Gaza." <ref>{{Cite web |title=Home |url=https://gazatribunal.com/ |access-date=2025-12-07 |website=Gaza Tribunal |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title='Gaza Tribunal' established in London to seek justice for war crimes in Gaza |url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/europe/-gaza-tribunal-established-in-london-to-seek-justice-for-war-crimes-in-gaza/3383887 |access-date=2026-01-07 |website=www.aa.com.tr}}</ref> == Okusiimibwa == Mu 2008, mu kunoonyereza okwakolebwa ku mutimbagano mu lwatu, Mamdani yalondebwa ng'owomwenda ku bantu abagezi abasinga mu nsi yonna ku lukalala lw'abagezigezi 100 okuva mu ''[[:en:Prospect_(magazine)|Prospect Magazine]]'' (UK) ne ''[[:en:Foreign_Policy|Foreign Policy]]'' (US). <ref>{{Cite web |date=2008 |title=The 2008 List |url=http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/prospect-100-intellectuals/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090930143349/http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/prospect-100-intellectuals/ |archive-date=30 September 2009 |publisher=[[Prospect (magazine)|Prospect Magazine]] (UK) / [[Foreign Policy]] (US)}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |date=2008 |title=The World's Top 20 Public Intellectuals |journal=Foreign Policy |publisher=Slate Group, LLC |issue=167 |pages=54–57 |issn=0015-7228 |eissn=1945-2276 |jstor=25462318}}</ref> Mu Gwomusanvu 2017, Mamdani yalondebwa okubeera [[:en:Corresponding_Fellow_of_the_British_Academy|Omukwanaganya wa British Academy (FBA)]], ettendekero ly’eggwanga erya Bungereza erikola ku by’obuntubulamu ne ssaayansi w’embeera z’abantu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 July 2017 |title=Elections to the British Academy celebrate the diversity of UK research |url=http://www.britac.ac.uk/news/elections-british-academy-celebrate-diversity-uk-research |access-date=29 July 2017 |website=British Academy}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano nga 28, 2018 ( [[:en:Africa_Day|Africa Day]] ), Mamdani yalondebwa okuba pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa mu Center for African Studies mu Yunivasite y’e Cape Town. Dayirekita wa CAS Lungisile Ntsebeza, dayirekita wa CAS, okulondebwa kuno yakuyise "byafaayo mu bitongole", era nga kikulu mu nteekateeka y'okuggya yunivasite amawanga okuva mu kwekalakaasa kw'abayizi okwa " Rhodes Must Fall " mu March 2015. == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 4bvctbybvaeezf9lkjvmhx6o8clz23s 48699 48698 2026-05-03T10:00:04Z Charles Kalanzi 9748 48699 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mahmood Mamdani''' [ a ] FBA (yazaalibwa 23 Ogwokuna 1946) munnayuganda [[:en:Anthropologist|omukugu mu by'enkula y'abantu]], munnaby'anjigiriza, era omukugu mu by'obufuzi. Ye Herbert Lehman Pulofeesa wa Gavumenti era pulofeesa w’ensonga z'ekikula ky'abantu, [[:en:Political_science|ssaayansi w’ebyobufuzi]], n’okunoonyereza [[:en:African_studies|ku nsoma y'Afirika]] mu [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]] . Era akola nga Ccansala wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda, era nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa ku Center for African Studis mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y'e Cape Town]] . Emabegako yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole kya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. Mamdani mukugu mu kusoma ebyobufuzi bya Afrika n’ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw’amatwale]] n’oluvannyuma [[:en:Postcolonialism|lw'obufuzi bw’amatwale]], n’ebyobufuzi [[:en:Knowledge_economy|by’ebyenfuna]] . Mufumbo nga mukazi we ye [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]] omuzannyi wa firimu . Ye ne Nair be bazadde ba [[:en:New_York_City_Mayor|Meeya w'ekibuga New York]] [[Zohran Mamdani]] . == Obuto bwe n’okusoma == Mahmood Mamdani yazaalibwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1946 mu [[:en:Bombay|kibuga Bombay]] (kati Mumbai), Buyindi, ng’ebula omwaka gumu [[:en:British_Raj|enfuga ya Bungereza]] ekome. <ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/education/news/mahmood-mamdani-education-and-career-path-how-zohran-mamdanis-father-built-a-legacy-of-revolution-through-ideas-and-exile/articleshow/122064130.cms "Mahmood Mamdani education and career path: How Zohran Mamdani's father built a legacy of revolution through ideas and exile"]. ''The Times of India''. 25 June 2025. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN&nbsp;]][https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-8257 0971-825]7. Retrieved 13 July 2025.</ref> <ref name="codesria">{{Cite web |title=Pr. Mahmood Mamdani (1998-2002) |url=https://codesria.org/pr-mahmood-mamdani-1998-2002/ |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> Yakulira mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=23 February 2021 |title=Mahmood Mamdani on Uganda |url=https://africasacountry.com/2011/04/mamdani-on-uganda |website=Africa is a Country}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Permanent Minorities and the Politics of Survivors: A conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://worldpeacefoundation.org/blog/permanent-minorities-and-the-politics-of-survivors-a-conversation-with-mahmood-mamdani/ |website=World Peace Foundation}}</ref> ng'omu ku [[:en:Indian_diaspora_in_Southeast_Africa|Bayindi ababundabunda mu bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba bwa Afrika]] . Bazadde be bombi, [[:en:Gujarati_Muslim|basiraamu Abagujarati]], baazaalibwa era ne bakulira mu kitundu kya Bungereza eky'amatwale ki [[:en:Tanganyika_Territory|Tanganyika]] (leero Tanzania). Abafumbo bano baagenda e Bombay olwo kitaawe n’asomerayo mu ttendekero ekkulu. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Chen |first=Kuan-Hsing |last2=Gao |first2=Shiming |last3=Tang |first3=Xiaolin |date=2016 |title=The formation of an African intellectual: an interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |journal=Inter-Asia Cultural Studies |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=456–480 |doi=10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref>Muhoozi, Mourice (6 March 2022). [https://www.watchdoguganda.com/news/20220306/131449/meet-ugandas-most-iconic-academician-prof-mahmood-mamdani.html "Meet Uganda's most Iconic academician, Prof. Mahmood Mamdani"]. ''Watchdog Uganda''</ref> Famire yaddayo e [[:en:Dar_es_Salaam|Dar es Salaam]], Tanganyika, nga Mamdani wa myaka ebiri, ne bagenda e Uganda nga wa myaka etaano oba mukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Mu kiseera ekyo, Uganda yali yayawulwamu okusinziira ku mawanga, omuli abantu gye babeera, amasomero, emizikiti, n’ebifo abaana we bazannyira. Okusoma kwe mu pulayimale, Mamdani yasooka kugenda mu [[:en:Madrasa|madarasa]], n’oluvannyuma mu Government Indian Primary School. <ref name=":8"/> Yakula ng'ayogera [[:en:Gujarati_language|Olugujarati]], [[:en:Urdu|Oluurdu]] [[:en:Swahili_language|n'Oluswayiri]] . Yatandika okusoma Olungereza mu kibiina eky’omukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Oluvannyuma lw’okusoma siniya ey’awansi, yasomera ku Old Kampala Senior Secondary School, gye yali omuwandiisi w’ekibiina kya Do-it-Yourself Physics. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uganda: Buganda And Uganda At Crossroads |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090826030635/http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |archive-date=26 August 2009 |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=AllAfrica}}</ref> Mamdani yali omu ku bayizi Bannayuganda 23 abaali mu kibiina kya [[:en:The_Kennedy_Airlift|Kennedy Airlift]] mu 1963, enteekateeka ya sikaala eyaweebwa ssente okuva mu Amerika eyaleetera ebikumi n’ebikumi by'abayizi okuva mu [[:en:East_Africa|Buvanjuba bwa Afrika]] okusomera ku yunivasite mu Amerika ne Canada wakati wa 1959 ne 1963. <ref name="indian tele">{{Cite web |last=Sen |first=Manjula |date=25 January 2009 |title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |archive-date=2 February 2009 |access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref> Mamdani yatikkirwa diguli ya Bachelor of Arts okuva mu [[:en:University_of_Pittsburgh|Yunivasite y’e Pittsburgh]] <ref name="codesria"/> mu 1967. <ref>{{Cite book |date=1 January 2010 |title=International Encyclopedia of Civil Society |url=https://link.springer.com/referencework/10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |vauthors=((Anheier, H. K.)), ((Toepler, S.)) |publisher=Springer US |isbn=978-0-387-93994-0 |editor-last=Anheier |editor-first=Helmut K. |doi=10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |editor-last2=Toepler |editor-first2=Stefan}}</ref> Yali omu ku bayizi abangi mu bukiikakkono bwa Amerika abaali mu lugendo lwa bbaasi mu bukiikaddyo okutuuka e [[:en:Montgomery,_Alabama|Montgomery, Alabama]], olwategekebwa [[:en:Student_Nonviolent_Coordinating_Committee|akakiiko akakwasaganya abayizi abatali ba ffujjo]] mu Gwokusatu 1965 okwetaba mu kaweefube w'okulwanirira [[:en:Civil_rights_movement|eddembe ly’obuntu]] . Kino kyaliwo mu kiseera ky’okutambula okuva e [[:en:Selma_to_Montgomery_marches|Selma okutuuka e Montgomery]], naye nga kyo kya njawulo. Yasibibwa mu kkomera mu kutambula kuno era n’akkirizibwa okukuba essimu. Mamdani yakubira [[:en:Embassy_of_Uganda,_Washington,_D.C.|omubaka wa Uganda]] e [[:en:Washington,_DC|Washington, DC]], amuyambe. Omubaka yamubuuza lwaki "ayingirira ensonga z'omunda mu nsi engwira", n'amuddamu nti teyali nsonga ya munda wabula olutalo lw'eddembe era nti nabo eddembe lyabwe baali bakalifuna omwaka ogwakaggwa. <ref name="pambazuka">{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=28 April 2007 |title=The Asian question again: A reflection |url=http://www.pambazuka.org/en/category/comment/41273 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]] (Uganda) |via=pambazuka.org}}</ref> Amangu ddala nga wayiseewo akaseera katono, Mamdani yategeera ku mulimu gwa [[:en:Karl_Marx|Karl Marx]] okuva mu kukyala kwe ku FBI. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Shringarpure |first=Bhakti |author-link=Bhakti Shringarpure |date=15 July 2013 |title=In Conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.warscapes.com/conversations/conversation-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=6 November 2017 |website=Warscapes |language=en |quote=I thought the guy Marx had just died. […] So that was my introduction to Karl Marx.}}</ref> Yasomera ku [[:en:Fletcher_School_of_Law_and_Diplomacy|Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy]] mu [[:en:Tufts_University|Yunivasite ya Tufts]] era mu 1968 yatikkirwa diguli ya Master of Arts mu [[:en:Political_science|byobufuzi]] ne Master of Arts mu mateeka ne diplomacy mu 1969. Yafuna diguli ye [[:en:Doctor_of_philosophy|eyookusatu]] mu gavumenti okuva mu [[:en:Harvard_University|Yunivasite y'e Harvard]] mu 1974, wansi w’obulagirizi bwa [[:en:Karl_Deutsch|Karl Deutsch]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and class formation in Uganda |url=http://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=978-0-85345-378-9 |location=New York |via=Internet Archive}}</ref> Omulamwa kw'eyatambuliza ddiguli ye eyookusatu yagiwa omutwe "''Politics and Class Formation in Uganda."'' <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and Class Formation in Uganda |url=https://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=0-85345-378-0 |location=New York |oclc=2073894 |url-access=registration}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Allen |first=Judith Van |last2=Mamdani |first2=Mahmood |last3=Shivji |first3=Issa G. |date=November 1977 |title=Reviewed Works: Politics and Class Formation in Uganda. by Mahmood Mamdani; Class Struggles in Tanzania. by Issa G. Shivji |journal=Contemporary Sociology |publisher=American Sociological Association |volume=6 |issue=6 |pages=702 |doi=10.2307/2066367 |issn=0094-3061 |eissn=1939-8638 |jstor=2066367}}</ref> == Emirimu gye == Mamdani yakomawo mu Uganda ku ntandikwa ya 1972 era naweebwa omulimu ku [[Makerere University, Uganda|yunivasite y'e Makerere]] mu Kampala [[:en:Teaching_assistant|ng'ayambako omusomesa]], mu kiseera kye kimu yali akola ku kunoonyereza kwe okwa ddiguli eyookusatu. . Ye n’Abaasia abasinga obungi [[:en:Expulsion_of_Asians_from_Uganda|baagobebwa]] mu Uganda ku nkomerero y’omwaka ogwo [[Idi Amin]] olw’amawanga gaabwe; Amin yali agenderera "kuzzaawo" bizinensi n'ebintu. Mamdani yava mu Uganda n’agenda mu nkambi y’ababundabunda mu Bungereza ku ntandikwa y'omwezi Gwekkuminoogumu. <ref name="lrb2022">{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2022-10-06 |title=The Asian Question |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v44/n19/mahmood-mamdani/the-asian-question |journal=[[London Review of Books]] |language=en |volume=44 |issue=19 |issn=0260-9592 |access-date=2025-09-08}}</ref> Yava e Bungereza mu makkati ga 1973 oluvannyuma lw’okuyingizibwa mu [[:en:University_of_Dar_es_Salaam|Yunivasite y’e Dar es Salaam]] mu Tanzania. <ref name="pambazuka"/> <ref name="cas2018">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> <ref name="bio2">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> Mu Dar es Salaam, yamaliriza okuwandiika dissertation ye. Yali mujjumbize nnyo n’ebibiina ebiwakanya Amin. Mu 1979, yeetaba mu Ttabamiruka w’e Moshi ng’omutunuulizi. Yaddayo mu Uganda oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa ku bukulembeze oluvannyuma lw'olutalo lwa [[Olutalo lwa Uganda ne Tanzania|Uganda ne Tanzania]] mu 1979. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McCormack |first=Pete |date=17 October 2005 |title=Interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.petemccormack.com/interview_mamdani_001.htm |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=petemccormack.com}}</ref> <ref name="bio2" /> Mu kiseera kino, yakozesebwa ng'omutendeke mu kibiina kya [[:en:All_Africa_Conference_of_Churches|All Africa Conference of Churches]], omukago [[:en:Ecumenical_Christian|gw'Abakristaayo ogw'ensi yonna]] ogusangibwa e [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, ng'akolera mu ofiisi [[:en:Church_of_Uganda|y'Ekkanisa ya Uganda]] mu Kampala. <ref name="lrb2022"/> Okuva mu 1980 (oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa mu ntebe mu 1979) okutuuka mu 1993 yaddamu okukolera yunivasite y’e Makerere. <ref name="bio2"/> <ref name="lrb2022"/>​[[Milton Obote|​]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kagolo |first=Francis |date=8 February 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani to be honoured among Africa's best |url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/628869-prof-mamdani-to-be-honoured-among-africa-s-best.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]]}}</ref> Yaddayo e Dar es Salaam. Oluvannyuma lwa Obote okugobwa mu ntebe omulundi ogwokubiri, Mamdani yaddamu okudda mu Uganda mu Gwomukaaga 1986. <ref name="indian tele"/> Yali dayirekita eyatandikawo ekitongole kya Centre for Basic Research (CBR), ekitongole kya Uganda ekitali kya gavumenti ekyasooka mu kunoonyereza, mwe yaweereza okuva mu 1987 okutuuka mu 1996. <ref name="diaspora">{{Cite web |date=29 November 2012 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012 |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=ugandandiaspora.com}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> <ref name="csds">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Yaliko pulofeesa omugenyi ku [[:en:University_of_Durban-Westville|Yunivasite y’e Durban]] - [[:en:Westville,_KwaZulu-Natal|Westville]] mu South Africa (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka mu Gwomukaaga 1993), ku [[:en:Nehru_Memorial_Museum_&_Library|Nehru Memorial Museum & Library]] e New Delhi (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka Gwomukaaga 1995), ne mu [[:en:Princeton_University|Yunivasite y'e Princeton]] (1995–96). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vance |first=Dara |date=2015-11-20 |title=UK Committee on Social Theory Hosts Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://uknow.uky.edu/uk-happenings/uk-committee-social-theory-hosts-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=UKNow}}</ref> Mu 1996, yalondebwa okubeera omukulembeze w’entebe ya [[:en:Archibald_Campbell_Jordan|AC Jordan]] ey'ensoma y'Afirika mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y’e Cape Town]], <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 March 2011 |title=UCT in war over 'bantu education' |url=http://mg.co.za/article/2011-03-11-uct-in-war-over-bantu-education |access-date=22 March 2013}}</ref> era ku ntandikwa ya 1997 n’afuuka akulira [[:en:Centre_for_African_Studies|ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku by'ensoma y'Afirika]] (CAS). <ref name="uwn2018">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> Yavaawo oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obutakkaanya n'abasomesa (abasinga obungi abazungu) ku bbago ly'ensoma ye ey'omusomo ogw'omusingi ku Afrika oguyitibwa "Problematising Africa". <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=June 1, 1998 |title=Is African studies to be turned into a new home for Bantu education at UCT? |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/02533959808458649 |journal=Social Dynamics |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=63–75 |doi=10.1080/02533959808458649 |issn=0253-3952 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> Mamdani, eyalaga nti ensoma eriwo eya " [[:en:Bantu_Education_Act,_1953|Bantu studies]] " (mu kujjuliza ku kusomesa Abaddugavu wansi w'enfuga [[:en:Apartheid|y'obusosoze]] ) <ref name="cas2018" /> yayimirizibwa era okukkakkana ng'alekulidde. <ref name="davis2017">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> "Ensonga ya Mamdani" ekyayogerwako mu kukubaganya ebirowoozo ku [[:en:Decolonization_of_higher_education_in_South_Africa|kununula amatendekero aga waggulu okuva mu nsoma y'abamatwale]] . Oluvannyuma yagamba nti teyalina busungu ku muntu yenna, era yalina enkolagana ennungi ekiseera kye yamalayo. Yagamba nti obutakwatagana bwali ku njawulo mu ndowooza n'addala ensengeka y’ensoma ku bikwata ku kusoma South Africa ng’ensi ya Afrika. Oluvannyuma (2018) yakomezebwawo nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa asuutibwa. [ b ] <ref name="uwn2018" /> Mu 1999, Mamdani yalondebwa okuba dayirekita w’ekitongole ekikola ku by’okunoonyereza ku Afirika mu yunivasite ya Columbia, ekifo kye yalina okutuusa mu 2004. <ref name="uwn2018"/> Okuva olwo abadde asomesa eyo (nga 2025). <ref name="haag2025">{{Cite web |last=Haag |first=Matthew |last2=Goldberg |first2=Emma |date=27 June 2025 |title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |archive-date=7 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku mbeera z’abantu ekya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=18 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University]] |archive-date=2 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002055113/http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Agaba |first=John |title=Mamdani talks about his research legacy and work at Makerere |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20220329112608625 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="bio2"/> Okutuuka mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2025 [[:en:Columbia_University#Academics|pulofeesa wa Herbert Lehman mu Gavumenti]] era pulofeesa ku nkula y'abantu, okusoma saayansi w'ebyobufuzi [[:en:African_studies|n'okusoma ku Afirika]] ku [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]].<ref name="bio2" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Faculty Bio: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/anthropology/fac-bios/mamdani/faculty.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Era akola nga chancellor wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://kiu.ac.ug/news-page.php?i=press-release-kampala-international-university-kiu-appoints-prof-mahmood-mamdani-as-chancellor |access-date=24 August 2020 |publisher=[[Kampala International University]]}}</ref> == Okunoonyereza n'okuwandiika == Mamdani yeemalira mu kunoonyereza ku byobufuzi bya Afirika n'eby'ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw'amatwale]] [[:en:Postcolonialism|n'oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale]], n'ebyobufuzi by'ebyenfuna. Ebitabo bye byekenneenya enkolagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'ebyobuwangwa, okugeraageranya [[:en:Colonialism|okufugibwa kw'amatwale]] okuva mu 1452, ebyafaayo by'entalo z'omunda [[:en:Genocide|n'ekitta bantu]] mu Afirika, [[:en:Cold_War|Olutalo olw'Ensi Yonna olw'ebigambo]] [[:en:War_on_terror|n'olutalo ku butujju]], n'ebyafaayo by'eddembe ly'obuntu.<ref>vSneh, Itai Nartzizenfield (2008). [https://books.google.com/books?id=iax4AAAAMAAJ ''The Future Almost Arrived: How Jimmy Carter Failed to Change U.S. Foreign Policy''.] [[:en:Peter_Lang_(publishing_company)|Peter Lang]]. p. 169. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780820481852|9780820481852]]</bdi>.</ref> Okunoonyereza kwe okw'omwaka 2016 kwatandikira ku kitabo kye eky'omwaka 1996, [[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]. <ref>[http://polisci.columbia.edu/people/profile/96 "Mahmood Mamdani | Department of Political Science"]. ''polisci.columbia.edu''. Retrieved 21 January 2016.</ref>Mu kitabo ekyo, yagamba nti eggwanga eryafugibwa terisobola kutegeerwa nga tewekenenyeza bulungi eggwanga eryalifuga.Enkola y'obufuzi bw'amatwale mu Afirika yali eddamu okusoomoozebwa kw'ekibuuzo "ekikulu", era yagamba nti yafuuka "amawanga agaabuluziddwamu".<ref name=":0">Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. pp. 15–16. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|<bdi>9780852553992</bdi>.]]</ref>Kino kyali kikolebwa mu ngeri bbiri: ku ludda olumu nga bafuga butereevu, nga kino kyali kikolwa kya "buyinza" era nga kyali kigenderera okuggya abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo ku ddembe ly'obuntu eryali liweebwa abatuuze mu bitundu ebirala, ate ku ludda olulala nga bafuga mu ngeri etali y'abuteerevu, nga kino kyali kikolebwa mu byalo era nga kizingiramu okuyingiza "bannansi" mu "mateeka g'eggwanga" agaateekebwawo ab'obuyinza mu byalo, era nga kino yakiyita "obwannakyemalira obw'okugabanya obuyinza".<ref name=":0" /> Embeera eno yali "yakusika muguwa" era ng'erimu "engeri bbiri ez'obuyinza wansi w'obuyinza obumu".<ref name=":0" /> Oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale, ebibuga byali tebikyayawulamu bantu lwa langi naye ebyalo byali bikyafugibwa abakulembeze abaali mu nkwawa z'abafuzi b'amatwale, ka babe abakulembeze ab'ennono oba b'ebali bakwasizzaobuyinza nga balina ebiruubirirwa by'okufugisa omukono ogw'ekyuma.<ref>Clapham, Chris (1997). "Review: Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism by Mahmood Mamdani'". ''Royal Institute of International Affairs''. '''73''': 606.</ref>Mu ngeri eno obukulembeze bwonna bwaleeta enjawukana mu mawnga era n'ekutondawo obukulembeze bwabwe obw'enjawulo obwannakyemalira.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref> Mamdani yekennenya ebyafaayo mu South Africa ne Uganda okulaga nti obufuzi bw'amatwale bwakozesa obuyinza obuyitiridde era obuyinza obwo bweyongera okubaawo oluvannyuma lw'ameefuga.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. p. 37. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref>Ng’asomooza endowooza eza bulijjo ku busosoze mu South Afrika nga ez’enjawulo, agamba nti [[:en:Apartheid|obusosoze mu mawanga]] bwali ngeri ya bulijjo ey’ettwale lya Bulaaya mu Africa, nga lizingiramu ensonga [[:en:Indirect_rule|z’obufuzi obutali butereevu]] n’okukwatagana<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1 January 1996 |title=Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism |isbn=9780852553992 |pages=16–18}}</ref> Mu kitabo kye ekyafulumizibwa mu 2004 ekya ''Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: America, the Cold War, and the Roots of Terror'' Mamdani yagamba nti [[:en:Suicide_attack|abeetuze]] balina okumanyibwa "ng'ekika ky'omujaasi" era nti balina "okutegeerwa mu ngeri y'effujjo ly'ebyobufuzi ery'omulembe guno okusinga okuvumwavumwa ng'akabonero k'obukambwe". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bickerton |first=James |date=2025-07-11 |title=Zohran Mamdani's father's remark about suicide bombers comes under scrutiny |url=https://www.newsweek.com/zohran-mamdani-father-remark-about-suicide-bombers-comes-under-scrutiny-2097793 |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref> Omuyivu omu yagamba nti kino si kuwagira kwettisa bbomu wabula kwekenneenya okwanenya '"okusalawo kwa Amerika ku nkola y'ensonga z'ebweru naddala mu kiseera ky'olutalo olw'ebigambo", okutondawo embeera [[:en:Islamic_extremism|y'Obusiraamu obw'annalukalala]] [[:en:Political_violence|n'effujjo mu byobufuzi]] " mwe byakulaakulanira. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Murray |first=Conor |date=Jul 11, 2025 |title=Mahmood Mamdani's Work Does Not Advocate Violence, Expert Says |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/conormurray/2025/07/11/sequoias-maguire-unfairly-targets-zohran-mamdanis-father-fellow-academic-says/ |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko bye bifulumiddde mu ''[[:en:London_Review_of_Books|London Review of Books]]'' n'ekampuni ezifulumya ebitabo ebirala.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/contributors/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=London Review of Books |language=en-GB}}</ref> Okusinziira ku CAS, ebiwandiiko bya Mamdani "bibadde bikulu mu kusomebwa abayizi abali ku misomo gyabwe egya undergraduate ne Postgraduate ku UCT ssaako n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo ku nsoma y'ebyafaayo n'ebyobufuzi bya Afirika , nga banonyereza ku nkwatagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'obuwangwa, okugerageranya obufuzi bw'amatwale, entalo ez'omunda mu ggwanga n'ekittabantu mu Afirika".<ref name="uwn20182">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> == Emirimu gy'emirala == Okuva mu 1998 <ref name="bio22">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> oba 1999 okutuuka mu 2002, Mamdani yaweereza nga pulezidenti w'olukiiko olukulaakulanya okunoonyereza ku ssaayansi w'embeera z'abantu mu Afrika ([[:en:Council_for_the_Development_of_Social_Science_Research_in_Africa|Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa]]). <ref name="cas20182">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumineebiri 2001, yawa okwogera ku "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" mu lukungaana lwa [[:en:Nobel_Prize|Nobel Centennial Symposium]] e [[:en:Oslo|Oslo]], Norway. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 December 2001 |title=Speech by Dr. Mahmood Mamdani: "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/mediaplayer/index.php?id=1281 |access-date=24 March 2013 |publisher=Nobel Prize}}</ref> Mu Gwomwenda 2006, Mamdani yali omu ku boogezi abaayitibwa mu lukuŋŋaana lw’ekibiina kya [[:en:Ugandan_North_American_Association_(UNAA)|Uganda North American Association (UNAA)]] mu kibuga New York. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2006-09-05 |title=UNAA Convention was disorganised! |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/news/1141390/unaa-convention-disorganised |access-date=2026-02-18 |publisher=New Vision (Kampala)}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano 2011, mu kiseera ky'okwekalakaasa okwali mu kibangirizi kya Tahrir([[:en:Tahrir_Square_protests|Tahrir Square protests]]) mu kibuga [[:en:Cairo|Cairo]], Misiri, Mamdani yayitibwa okwogerako mu [[:en:American_University_of_Cairo|Yunivasite y’Amerika e Cairo]]. Ng’ayogera eri abayizi mu [[:en:University_of_KwaZulu-Natal|yunivasite y’e KwaZulu-Natal]] mu South Africa mu 2012, kino yakigeraageranya n’obwegugungo obwaliwo mu Soweto ([[:en:1976_Soweto_uprising|Soweto Uprising]]) mu 1976 . <ref name="kwazulu2012">{{Cite web |date=24 April 2012 |title=Address on Receiving an Honorary Doctorate at the University of Kwazulu Natal |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/mesaas/images/faculty/news/Mamdani%20commencement.pdf |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumi 2011, Mamdani (nga bali wamu ne Rhoda Ann Kanaaneh) y'eyali omwogezi omukulu mu lukungaana lw’eggwanga olwasooka olw’abayizi olwa [[:en:Students_for_Justice_in_Palestine|Students for Justice in Palestine]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Silver |first=Carly |date=2011-10-16 |title=Reporting live from the first-ever SJP National Conference |url=https://newvoices.org/2011/10/15/reporting-live-from-the-first-ever-sjp-national-conference/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=New Voices |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nathan-Kazis |first=Josh |date=2011-10-11 |title=Pro-Palestinian Student Activists Plan First National Conference |url=https://forward.com/news/144173/pro-palestinian-student-activists-plan-push/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=The Forward |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2017 yayitibwa okuwa omusomo ku lunaku lwa [[:en:TB_Davie_Memorial_Lecture|TB Davie Memorial]] ku ddembe ly'okusoma mu Yunivasite y'e Cape Town, era emboozi ye, eyatuumibwa "Decolonising the Post-Colonial University" yaleetawo okukubaganya ebirowoozo kungi. <ref name="uwn20183">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="davis20172">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> Okuva mu Gwekkumineebiri 2017 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2018, Mamdani yaweereza nga Rajni Kothari Chair Professor mu [[:en:Centre_for_the_Study_of_Developing_Societies|Center for the Study of Developing Societies]] mu [[:en:Delhi|Delhi,]] Buyindi. Oluvannyuma lw'ekisanja kye okuggwako, nga 4 Ogwokuna 2018 yawa omusomo gwa Rajni Kothari Chair ogutegekebwa buli mwaka, ogwatuumibwa "Okulowooza ku bwenkanya okuyita mu bumanyirivu bw'Afirika mu kyasa eky'amakumi abiri". <ref name="csds2">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Alabikidde mu firimu z’ebyafaayo ng’omukugu okugeza, ''[[:en:Rwanda:_The_Untold_Story|Rwanda: The Untold Story]]'' (2014, [[:en:BBC|BBC]] ), ''The Dictator’s Playbook'' (2018, [[:en:PBS|PBS]] ) ne ''[[:en:How_to_Become_a_Tyrant|How to Become a Tyrant]]'' (2021, [[:en:Netflix|Netflix]]). <ref>{{Cite AV media|url=https://www.pbs.org/video/idi-amin-3ol3rz/|title=The Dictator's Playbook {{!}} Idi Amin {{!}} Episode 6|language=en|publisher=[[PBS]]|via=}}</ref> Yalabikira mu firimu ya [[:en:Cameo_appearance|cameo]] ,mu firimu ya 2012 ''eya [[:en:The_Reluctant_Fundamentalist_(film)|The Reluctant Fundamentalist]]'', eyakulemberwamu mukyala we. <ref>{{Cite AV media|title=[[The Reluctant Fundamentalist]]|date=2012|last=Nair|first=Mira|publisher=[[IFC Films]]}}</ref> Mu 2024, yeegatta ku [[:en:Gaza_tribunal|Gaza Tribunal]], eyagenderera "okuzuukusa ebibiina by'obwannakyewa ku buvunaanyizibwa bwabyo n'okukomya ekittabantu kya Yisirayiri mu Gaza." <ref>{{Cite web |title=Home |url=https://gazatribunal.com/ |access-date=2025-12-07 |website=Gaza Tribunal |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title='Gaza Tribunal' established in London to seek justice for war crimes in Gaza |url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/europe/-gaza-tribunal-established-in-london-to-seek-justice-for-war-crimes-in-gaza/3383887 |access-date=2026-01-07 |website=www.aa.com.tr}}</ref> == Okusiimibwa == Mu 2008, mu kunoonyereza okwakolebwa ku mutimbagano mu lwatu, Mamdani yalondebwa ng'owomwenda ku bantu abagezi abasinga mu nsi yonna ku lukalala lw'abagezigezi 100 okuva mu ''[[:en:Prospect_(magazine)|Prospect Magazine]]'' (UK) ne ''[[:en:Foreign_Policy|Foreign Policy]]'' (US). <ref>{{Cite web |date=2008 |title=The 2008 List |url=http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/prospect-100-intellectuals/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090930143349/http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/prospect-100-intellectuals/ |archive-date=30 September 2009 |publisher=[[Prospect (magazine)|Prospect Magazine]] (UK) / [[Foreign Policy]] (US)}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |date=2008 |title=The World's Top 20 Public Intellectuals |journal=Foreign Policy |publisher=Slate Group, LLC |issue=167 |pages=54–57 |issn=0015-7228 |eissn=1945-2276 |jstor=25462318}}</ref> Mu Gwomusanvu 2017, Mamdani yalondebwa okubeera [[:en:Corresponding_Fellow_of_the_British_Academy|Omukwanaganya wa British Academy (FBA)]], ettendekero ly’eggwanga erya Bungereza erikola ku by’obuntubulamu ne ssaayansi w’embeera z’abantu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 July 2017 |title=Elections to the British Academy celebrate the diversity of UK research |url=http://www.britac.ac.uk/news/elections-british-academy-celebrate-diversity-uk-research |access-date=29 July 2017 |website=British Academy}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano nga 28, 2018 ( [[:en:Africa_Day|Africa Day]] ), Mamdani yalondebwa okuba pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa mu Center for African Studies mu Yunivasite y’e Cape Town. Dayirekita wa CAS [[:en:Lungisile_Ntsebeza|Lungisile Ntsebeza]], okulondebwa kuno yakuyita kwa "byafaayo mu bitongole", era nga kikulu mu nteekateeka y'okufuna obwetwaze bwa yunivasite m okuva mu kwekalakaasa kw'abayizi okwa " [[:en:Rhodes_Must_Fall|Rhodes Must Fall]] " mu Gwokusatu 2015. == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 2i3zq8053b2sydwl7l4iaky5b96yunx 48700 48699 2026-05-03T10:03:38Z Charles Kalanzi 9748 48700 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mahmood Mamdani''' [ a ] FBA (yazaalibwa 23 Ogwokuna 1946) munnayuganda [[:en:Anthropologist|omukugu mu by'enkula y'abantu]], munnaby'anjigiriza, era omukugu mu by'obufuzi. Ye Herbert Lehman Pulofeesa wa Gavumenti era pulofeesa w’ensonga z'ekikula ky'abantu, [[:en:Political_science|ssaayansi w’ebyobufuzi]], n’okunoonyereza [[:en:African_studies|ku nsoma y'Afirika]] mu [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]] . Era akola nga Ccansala wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda, era nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa ku Center for African Studis mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y'e Cape Town]] . Emabegako yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole kya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. Mamdani mukugu mu kusoma ebyobufuzi bya Afrika n’ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw’amatwale]] n’oluvannyuma [[:en:Postcolonialism|lw'obufuzi bw’amatwale]], n’ebyobufuzi [[:en:Knowledge_economy|by’ebyenfuna]] . Mufumbo nga mukazi we ye [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]] omuzannyi wa firimu . Ye ne Nair be bazadde ba [[:en:New_York_City_Mayor|Meeya w'ekibuga New York]] [[Zohran Mamdani]] . == Obuto bwe n’okusoma == Mahmood Mamdani yazaalibwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1946 mu [[:en:Bombay|kibuga Bombay]] (kati Mumbai), Buyindi, ng’ebula omwaka gumu [[:en:British_Raj|enfuga ya Bungereza]] ekome. <ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/education/news/mahmood-mamdani-education-and-career-path-how-zohran-mamdanis-father-built-a-legacy-of-revolution-through-ideas-and-exile/articleshow/122064130.cms "Mahmood Mamdani education and career path: How Zohran Mamdani's father built a legacy of revolution through ideas and exile"]. ''The Times of India''. 25 June 2025. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN&nbsp;]][https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-8257 0971-825]7. Retrieved 13 July 2025.</ref> <ref name="codesria">{{Cite web |title=Pr. Mahmood Mamdani (1998-2002) |url=https://codesria.org/pr-mahmood-mamdani-1998-2002/ |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> Yakulira mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=23 February 2021 |title=Mahmood Mamdani on Uganda |url=https://africasacountry.com/2011/04/mamdani-on-uganda |website=Africa is a Country}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Permanent Minorities and the Politics of Survivors: A conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://worldpeacefoundation.org/blog/permanent-minorities-and-the-politics-of-survivors-a-conversation-with-mahmood-mamdani/ |website=World Peace Foundation}}</ref> ng'omu ku [[:en:Indian_diaspora_in_Southeast_Africa|Bayindi ababundabunda mu bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba bwa Afrika]] . Bazadde be bombi, [[:en:Gujarati_Muslim|basiraamu Abagujarati]], baazaalibwa era ne bakulira mu kitundu kya Bungereza eky'amatwale ki [[:en:Tanganyika_Territory|Tanganyika]] (leero Tanzania). Abafumbo bano baagenda e Bombay olwo kitaawe n’asomerayo mu ttendekero ekkulu. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Chen |first=Kuan-Hsing |last2=Gao |first2=Shiming |last3=Tang |first3=Xiaolin |date=2016 |title=The formation of an African intellectual: an interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |journal=Inter-Asia Cultural Studies |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=456–480 |doi=10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref>Muhoozi, Mourice (6 March 2022). [https://www.watchdoguganda.com/news/20220306/131449/meet-ugandas-most-iconic-academician-prof-mahmood-mamdani.html "Meet Uganda's most Iconic academician, Prof. Mahmood Mamdani"]. ''Watchdog Uganda''</ref> Famire yaddayo e [[:en:Dar_es_Salaam|Dar es Salaam]], Tanganyika, nga Mamdani wa myaka ebiri, ne bagenda e Uganda nga wa myaka etaano oba mukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Mu kiseera ekyo, Uganda yali yayawulwamu okusinziira ku mawanga, omuli abantu gye babeera, amasomero, emizikiti, n’ebifo abaana we bazannyira. Okusoma kwe mu pulayimale, Mamdani yasooka kugenda mu [[:en:Madrasa|madarasa]], n’oluvannyuma mu Government Indian Primary School. <ref name=":8"/> Yakula ng'ayogera [[:en:Gujarati_language|Olugujarati]], [[:en:Urdu|Oluurdu]] [[:en:Swahili_language|n'Oluswayiri]] . Yatandika okusoma Olungereza mu kibiina eky’omukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Oluvannyuma lw’okusoma siniya ey’awansi, yasomera ku Old Kampala Senior Secondary School, gye yali omuwandiisi w’ekibiina kya Do-it-Yourself Physics. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uganda: Buganda And Uganda At Crossroads |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090826030635/http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |archive-date=26 August 2009 |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=AllAfrica}}</ref> Mamdani yali omu ku bayizi Bannayuganda 23 abaali mu kibiina kya [[:en:The_Kennedy_Airlift|Kennedy Airlift]] mu 1963, enteekateeka ya sikaala eyaweebwa ssente okuva mu Amerika eyaleetera ebikumi n’ebikumi by'abayizi okuva mu [[:en:East_Africa|Buvanjuba bwa Afrika]] okusomera ku yunivasite mu Amerika ne Canada wakati wa 1959 ne 1963. <ref name="indian tele">{{Cite web |last=Sen |first=Manjula |date=25 January 2009 |title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |archive-date=2 February 2009 |access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref> Mamdani yatikkirwa diguli ya Bachelor of Arts okuva mu [[:en:University_of_Pittsburgh|Yunivasite y’e Pittsburgh]] <ref name="codesria"/> mu 1967. <ref>{{Cite book |date=1 January 2010 |title=International Encyclopedia of Civil Society |url=https://link.springer.com/referencework/10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |vauthors=((Anheier, H. K.)), ((Toepler, S.)) |publisher=Springer US |isbn=978-0-387-93994-0 |editor-last=Anheier |editor-first=Helmut K. |doi=10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |editor-last2=Toepler |editor-first2=Stefan}}</ref> Yali omu ku bayizi abangi mu bukiikakkono bwa Amerika abaali mu lugendo lwa bbaasi mu bukiikaddyo okutuuka e [[:en:Montgomery,_Alabama|Montgomery, Alabama]], olwategekebwa [[:en:Student_Nonviolent_Coordinating_Committee|akakiiko akakwasaganya abayizi abatali ba ffujjo]] mu Gwokusatu 1965 okwetaba mu kaweefube w'okulwanirira [[:en:Civil_rights_movement|eddembe ly’obuntu]] . Kino kyaliwo mu kiseera ky’okutambula okuva e [[:en:Selma_to_Montgomery_marches|Selma okutuuka e Montgomery]], naye nga kyo kya njawulo. Yasibibwa mu kkomera mu kutambula kuno era n’akkirizibwa okukuba essimu. Mamdani yakubira [[:en:Embassy_of_Uganda,_Washington,_D.C.|omubaka wa Uganda]] e [[:en:Washington,_DC|Washington, DC]], amuyambe. Omubaka yamubuuza lwaki "ayingirira ensonga z'omunda mu nsi engwira", n'amuddamu nti teyali nsonga ya munda wabula olutalo lw'eddembe era nti nabo eddembe lyabwe baali bakalifuna omwaka ogwakaggwa. <ref name="pambazuka">{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=28 April 2007 |title=The Asian question again: A reflection |url=http://www.pambazuka.org/en/category/comment/41273 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]] (Uganda) |via=pambazuka.org}}</ref> Amangu ddala nga wayiseewo akaseera katono, Mamdani yategeera ku mulimu gwa [[:en:Karl_Marx|Karl Marx]] okuva mu kukyala kwe ku FBI. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Shringarpure |first=Bhakti |author-link=Bhakti Shringarpure |date=15 July 2013 |title=In Conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.warscapes.com/conversations/conversation-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=6 November 2017 |website=Warscapes |language=en |quote=I thought the guy Marx had just died. […] So that was my introduction to Karl Marx.}}</ref> Yasomera ku [[:en:Fletcher_School_of_Law_and_Diplomacy|Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy]] mu [[:en:Tufts_University|Yunivasite ya Tufts]] era mu 1968 yatikkirwa diguli ya Master of Arts mu [[:en:Political_science|byobufuzi]] ne Master of Arts mu mateeka ne diplomacy mu 1969. Yafuna diguli ye [[:en:Doctor_of_philosophy|eyookusatu]] mu gavumenti okuva mu [[:en:Harvard_University|Yunivasite y'e Harvard]] mu 1974, wansi w’obulagirizi bwa [[:en:Karl_Deutsch|Karl Deutsch]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and class formation in Uganda |url=http://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=978-0-85345-378-9 |location=New York |via=Internet Archive}}</ref> Omulamwa kw'eyatambuliza ddiguli ye eyookusatu yagiwa omutwe "''Politics and Class Formation in Uganda."'' <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and Class Formation in Uganda |url=https://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=0-85345-378-0 |location=New York |oclc=2073894 |url-access=registration}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Allen |first=Judith Van |last2=Mamdani |first2=Mahmood |last3=Shivji |first3=Issa G. |date=November 1977 |title=Reviewed Works: Politics and Class Formation in Uganda. by Mahmood Mamdani; Class Struggles in Tanzania. by Issa G. Shivji |journal=Contemporary Sociology |publisher=American Sociological Association |volume=6 |issue=6 |pages=702 |doi=10.2307/2066367 |issn=0094-3061 |eissn=1939-8638 |jstor=2066367}}</ref> == Emirimu gye == Mamdani yakomawo mu Uganda ku ntandikwa ya 1972 era naweebwa omulimu ku [[Makerere University, Uganda|yunivasite y'e Makerere]] mu Kampala [[:en:Teaching_assistant|ng'ayambako omusomesa]], mu kiseera kye kimu yali akola ku kunoonyereza kwe okwa ddiguli eyookusatu. . Ye n’Abaasia abasinga obungi [[:en:Expulsion_of_Asians_from_Uganda|baagobebwa]] mu Uganda ku nkomerero y’omwaka ogwo [[Idi Amin]] olw’amawanga gaabwe; Amin yali agenderera "kuzzaawo" bizinensi n'ebintu. Mamdani yava mu Uganda n’agenda mu nkambi y’ababundabunda mu Bungereza ku ntandikwa y'omwezi Gwekkuminoogumu. <ref name="lrb2022">{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2022-10-06 |title=The Asian Question |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v44/n19/mahmood-mamdani/the-asian-question |journal=[[London Review of Books]] |language=en |volume=44 |issue=19 |issn=0260-9592 |access-date=2025-09-08}}</ref> Yava e Bungereza mu makkati ga 1973 oluvannyuma lw’okuyingizibwa mu [[:en:University_of_Dar_es_Salaam|Yunivasite y’e Dar es Salaam]] mu Tanzania. <ref name="pambazuka"/> <ref name="cas2018">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> <ref name="bio2">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> Mu Dar es Salaam, yamaliriza okuwandiika dissertation ye. Yali mujjumbize nnyo n’ebibiina ebiwakanya Amin. Mu 1979, yeetaba mu Ttabamiruka w’e Moshi ng’omutunuulizi. Yaddayo mu Uganda oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa ku bukulembeze oluvannyuma lw'olutalo lwa [[Olutalo lwa Uganda ne Tanzania|Uganda ne Tanzania]] mu 1979. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McCormack |first=Pete |date=17 October 2005 |title=Interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.petemccormack.com/interview_mamdani_001.htm |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=petemccormack.com}}</ref> <ref name="bio2" /> Mu kiseera kino, yakozesebwa ng'omutendeke mu kibiina kya [[:en:All_Africa_Conference_of_Churches|All Africa Conference of Churches]], omukago [[:en:Ecumenical_Christian|gw'Abakristaayo ogw'ensi yonna]] ogusangibwa e [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, ng'akolera mu ofiisi [[:en:Church_of_Uganda|y'Ekkanisa ya Uganda]] mu Kampala. <ref name="lrb2022"/> Okuva mu 1980 (oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa mu ntebe mu 1979) okutuuka mu 1993 yaddamu okukolera yunivasite y’e Makerere. <ref name="bio2"/> <ref name="lrb2022"/>​[[Milton Obote|​]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kagolo |first=Francis |date=8 February 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani to be honoured among Africa's best |url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/628869-prof-mamdani-to-be-honoured-among-africa-s-best.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]]}}</ref> Yaddayo e Dar es Salaam. Oluvannyuma lwa Obote okugobwa mu ntebe omulundi ogwokubiri, Mamdani yaddamu okudda mu Uganda mu Gwomukaaga 1986. <ref name="indian tele"/> Yali dayirekita eyatandikawo ekitongole kya Centre for Basic Research (CBR), ekitongole kya Uganda ekitali kya gavumenti ekyasooka mu kunoonyereza, mwe yaweereza okuva mu 1987 okutuuka mu 1996. <ref name="diaspora">{{Cite web |date=29 November 2012 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012 |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=ugandandiaspora.com}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> <ref name="csds">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Yaliko pulofeesa omugenyi ku [[:en:University_of_Durban-Westville|Yunivasite y’e Durban]] - [[:en:Westville,_KwaZulu-Natal|Westville]] mu South Africa (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka mu Gwomukaaga 1993), ku [[:en:Nehru_Memorial_Museum_&_Library|Nehru Memorial Museum & Library]] e New Delhi (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka Gwomukaaga 1995), ne mu [[:en:Princeton_University|Yunivasite y'e Princeton]] (1995–96). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vance |first=Dara |date=2015-11-20 |title=UK Committee on Social Theory Hosts Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://uknow.uky.edu/uk-happenings/uk-committee-social-theory-hosts-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=UKNow}}</ref> Mu 1996, yalondebwa okubeera omukulembeze w’entebe ya [[:en:Archibald_Campbell_Jordan|AC Jordan]] ey'ensoma y'Afirika mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y’e Cape Town]], <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 March 2011 |title=UCT in war over 'bantu education' |url=http://mg.co.za/article/2011-03-11-uct-in-war-over-bantu-education |access-date=22 March 2013}}</ref> era ku ntandikwa ya 1997 n’afuuka akulira [[:en:Centre_for_African_Studies|ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku by'ensoma y'Afirika]] (CAS). <ref name="uwn2018">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> Yavaawo oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obutakkaanya n'abasomesa (abasinga obungi abazungu) ku bbago ly'ensoma ye ey'omusomo ogw'omusingi ku Afrika oguyitibwa "Problematising Africa". <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=June 1, 1998 |title=Is African studies to be turned into a new home for Bantu education at UCT? |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/02533959808458649 |journal=Social Dynamics |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=63–75 |doi=10.1080/02533959808458649 |issn=0253-3952 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> Mamdani, eyalaga nti ensoma eriwo eya " [[:en:Bantu_Education_Act,_1953|Bantu studies]] " (mu kujjuliza ku kusomesa Abaddugavu wansi w'enfuga [[:en:Apartheid|y'obusosoze]] ) <ref name="cas2018" /> yayimirizibwa era okukkakkana ng'alekulidde. <ref name="davis2017">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> "Ensonga ya Mamdani" ekyayogerwako mu kukubaganya ebirowoozo ku [[:en:Decolonization_of_higher_education_in_South_Africa|kununula amatendekero aga waggulu okuva mu nsoma y'abamatwale]] . Oluvannyuma yagamba nti teyalina busungu ku muntu yenna, era yalina enkolagana ennungi ekiseera kye yamalayo. Yagamba nti obutakwatagana bwali ku njawulo mu ndowooza n'addala ensengeka y’ensoma ku bikwata ku kusoma South Africa ng’ensi ya Afrika. Oluvannyuma (2018) yakomezebwawo nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa asuutibwa. [ b ] <ref name="uwn2018" /> Mu 1999, Mamdani yalondebwa okuba dayirekita w’ekitongole ekikola ku by’okunoonyereza ku Afirika mu yunivasite ya Columbia, ekifo kye yalina okutuusa mu 2004. <ref name="uwn2018"/> Okuva olwo abadde asomesa eyo (nga 2025). <ref name="haag2025">{{Cite web |last=Haag |first=Matthew |last2=Goldberg |first2=Emma |date=27 June 2025 |title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |archive-date=7 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku mbeera z’abantu ekya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=18 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University]] |archive-date=2 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002055113/http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Agaba |first=John |title=Mamdani talks about his research legacy and work at Makerere |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20220329112608625 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="bio2"/> Okutuuka mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2025 [[:en:Columbia_University#Academics|pulofeesa wa Herbert Lehman mu Gavumenti]] era pulofeesa ku nkula y'abantu, okusoma saayansi w'ebyobufuzi [[:en:African_studies|n'okusoma ku Afirika]] ku [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]].<ref name="bio2" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Faculty Bio: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/anthropology/fac-bios/mamdani/faculty.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Era akola nga chancellor wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://kiu.ac.ug/news-page.php?i=press-release-kampala-international-university-kiu-appoints-prof-mahmood-mamdani-as-chancellor |access-date=24 August 2020 |publisher=[[Kampala International University]]}}</ref> == Okunoonyereza n'okuwandiika == Mamdani yeemalira mu kunoonyereza ku byobufuzi bya Afirika n'eby'ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw'amatwale]] [[:en:Postcolonialism|n'oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale]], n'ebyobufuzi by'ebyenfuna. Ebitabo bye byekenneenya enkolagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'ebyobuwangwa, okugeraageranya [[:en:Colonialism|okufugibwa kw'amatwale]] okuva mu 1452, ebyafaayo by'entalo z'omunda [[:en:Genocide|n'ekitta bantu]] mu Afirika, [[:en:Cold_War|Olutalo olw'Ensi Yonna olw'ebigambo]] [[:en:War_on_terror|n'olutalo ku butujju]], n'ebyafaayo by'eddembe ly'obuntu.<ref>vSneh, Itai Nartzizenfield (2008). [https://books.google.com/books?id=iax4AAAAMAAJ ''The Future Almost Arrived: How Jimmy Carter Failed to Change U.S. Foreign Policy''.] [[:en:Peter_Lang_(publishing_company)|Peter Lang]]. p. 169. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780820481852|9780820481852]]</bdi>.</ref> Okunoonyereza kwe okw'omwaka 2016 kwatandikira ku kitabo kye eky'omwaka 1996, [[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]. <ref>[http://polisci.columbia.edu/people/profile/96 "Mahmood Mamdani | Department of Political Science"]. ''polisci.columbia.edu''. Retrieved 21 January 2016.</ref>Mu kitabo ekyo, yagamba nti eggwanga eryafugibwa terisobola kutegeerwa nga tewekenenyeza bulungi eggwanga eryalifuga.Enkola y'obufuzi bw'amatwale mu Afirika yali eddamu okusoomoozebwa kw'ekibuuzo "ekikulu", era yagamba nti yafuuka "amawanga agaabuluziddwamu".<ref name=":0">Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. pp. 15–16. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|<bdi>9780852553992</bdi>.]]</ref>Kino kyali kikolebwa mu ngeri bbiri: ku ludda olumu nga bafuga butereevu, nga kino kyali kikolwa kya "buyinza" era nga kyali kigenderera okuggya abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo ku ddembe ly'obuntu eryali liweebwa abatuuze mu bitundu ebirala, ate ku ludda olulala nga bafuga mu ngeri etali y'abuteerevu, nga kino kyali kikolebwa mu byalo era nga kizingiramu okuyingiza "bannansi" mu "mateeka g'eggwanga" agaateekebwawo ab'obuyinza mu byalo, era nga kino yakiyita "obwannakyemalira obw'okugabanya obuyinza".<ref name=":0" /> Embeera eno yali "yakusika muguwa" era ng'erimu "engeri bbiri ez'obuyinza wansi w'obuyinza obumu".<ref name=":0" /> Oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale, ebibuga byali tebikyayawulamu bantu lwa langi naye ebyalo byali bikyafugibwa abakulembeze abaali mu nkwawa z'abafuzi b'amatwale, ka babe abakulembeze ab'ennono oba b'ebali bakwasizzaobuyinza nga balina ebiruubirirwa by'okufugisa omukono ogw'ekyuma.<ref>Clapham, Chris (1997). "Review: Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism by Mahmood Mamdani'". ''Royal Institute of International Affairs''. '''73''': 606.</ref>Mu ngeri eno obukulembeze bwonna bwaleeta enjawukana mu mawnga era n'ekutondawo obukulembeze bwabwe obw'enjawulo obwannakyemalira.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref> Mamdani yekennenya ebyafaayo mu South Africa ne Uganda okulaga nti obufuzi bw'amatwale bwakozesa obuyinza obuyitiridde era obuyinza obwo bweyongera okubaawo oluvannyuma lw'ameefuga.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. p. 37. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref>Ng’asomooza endowooza eza bulijjo ku busosoze mu South Afrika nga ez’enjawulo, agamba nti [[:en:Apartheid|obusosoze mu mawanga]] bwali ngeri ya bulijjo ey’ettwale lya Bulaaya mu Africa, nga lizingiramu ensonga [[:en:Indirect_rule|z’obufuzi obutali butereevu]] n’okukwatagana<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1 January 1996 |title=Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism |isbn=9780852553992 |pages=16–18}}</ref> Mu kitabo kye ekyafulumizibwa mu 2004 ekya ''Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: America, the Cold War, and the Roots of Terror'' Mamdani yagamba nti [[:en:Suicide_attack|abeetuze]] balina okumanyibwa "ng'ekika ky'omujaasi" era nti balina "okutegeerwa mu ngeri y'effujjo ly'ebyobufuzi ery'omulembe guno okusinga okuvumwavumwa ng'akabonero k'obukambwe". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bickerton |first=James |date=2025-07-11 |title=Zohran Mamdani's father's remark about suicide bombers comes under scrutiny |url=https://www.newsweek.com/zohran-mamdani-father-remark-about-suicide-bombers-comes-under-scrutiny-2097793 |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref> Omuyivu omu yagamba nti kino si kuwagira kwettisa bbomu wabula kwekenneenya okwanenya '"okusalawo kwa Amerika ku nkola y'ensonga z'ebweru naddala mu kiseera ky'olutalo olw'ebigambo", okutondawo embeera [[:en:Islamic_extremism|y'Obusiraamu obw'annalukalala]] [[:en:Political_violence|n'effujjo mu byobufuzi]] " mwe byakulaakulanira. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Murray |first=Conor |date=Jul 11, 2025 |title=Mahmood Mamdani's Work Does Not Advocate Violence, Expert Says |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/conormurray/2025/07/11/sequoias-maguire-unfairly-targets-zohran-mamdanis-father-fellow-academic-says/ |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko bye bifulumiddde mu ''[[:en:London_Review_of_Books|London Review of Books]]'' n'ekampuni ezifulumya ebitabo ebirala.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/contributors/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=London Review of Books |language=en-GB}}</ref> Okusinziira ku CAS, ebiwandiiko bya Mamdani "bibadde bikulu mu kusomebwa abayizi abali ku misomo gyabwe egya undergraduate ne Postgraduate ku UCT ssaako n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo ku nsoma y'ebyafaayo n'ebyobufuzi bya Afirika , nga banonyereza ku nkwatagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'obuwangwa, okugerageranya obufuzi bw'amatwale, entalo ez'omunda mu ggwanga n'ekittabantu mu Afirika".<ref name="uwn20182">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> == Emirimu gy'emirala == Okuva mu 1998 <ref name="bio22">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> oba 1999 okutuuka mu 2002, Mamdani yaweereza nga pulezidenti w'olukiiko olukulaakulanya okunoonyereza ku ssaayansi w'embeera z'abantu mu Afrika ([[:en:Council_for_the_Development_of_Social_Science_Research_in_Africa|Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa]]). <ref name="cas20182">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumineebiri 2001, yawa okwogera ku "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" mu lukungaana lwa [[:en:Nobel_Prize|Nobel Centennial Symposium]] e [[:en:Oslo|Oslo]], Norway. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 December 2001 |title=Speech by Dr. Mahmood Mamdani: "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/mediaplayer/index.php?id=1281 |access-date=24 March 2013 |publisher=Nobel Prize}}</ref> Mu Gwomwenda 2006, Mamdani yali omu ku boogezi abaayitibwa mu lukuŋŋaana lw’ekibiina kya [[:en:Ugandan_North_American_Association_(UNAA)|Uganda North American Association (UNAA)]] mu kibuga New York. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2006-09-05 |title=UNAA Convention was disorganised! |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/news/1141390/unaa-convention-disorganised |access-date=2026-02-18 |publisher=New Vision (Kampala)}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano 2011, mu kiseera ky'okwekalakaasa okwali mu kibangirizi kya Tahrir([[:en:Tahrir_Square_protests|Tahrir Square protests]]) mu kibuga [[:en:Cairo|Cairo]], Misiri, Mamdani yayitibwa okwogerako mu [[:en:American_University_of_Cairo|Yunivasite y’Amerika e Cairo]]. Ng’ayogera eri abayizi mu [[:en:University_of_KwaZulu-Natal|yunivasite y’e KwaZulu-Natal]] mu South Africa mu 2012, kino yakigeraageranya n’obwegugungo obwaliwo mu Soweto ([[:en:1976_Soweto_uprising|Soweto Uprising]]) mu 1976 . <ref name="kwazulu2012">{{Cite web |date=24 April 2012 |title=Address on Receiving an Honorary Doctorate at the University of Kwazulu Natal |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/mesaas/images/faculty/news/Mamdani%20commencement.pdf |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumi 2011, Mamdani (nga bali wamu ne Rhoda Ann Kanaaneh) y'eyali omwogezi omukulu mu lukungaana lw’eggwanga olwasooka olw’abayizi olwa [[:en:Students_for_Justice_in_Palestine|Students for Justice in Palestine]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Silver |first=Carly |date=2011-10-16 |title=Reporting live from the first-ever SJP National Conference |url=https://newvoices.org/2011/10/15/reporting-live-from-the-first-ever-sjp-national-conference/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=New Voices |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nathan-Kazis |first=Josh |date=2011-10-11 |title=Pro-Palestinian Student Activists Plan First National Conference |url=https://forward.com/news/144173/pro-palestinian-student-activists-plan-push/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=The Forward |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2017 yayitibwa okuwa omusomo ku lunaku lwa [[:en:TB_Davie_Memorial_Lecture|TB Davie Memorial]] ku ddembe ly'okusoma mu Yunivasite y'e Cape Town, era emboozi ye, eyatuumibwa "Decolonising the Post-Colonial University" yaleetawo okukubaganya ebirowoozo kungi. <ref name="uwn20183">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="davis20172">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> Okuva mu Gwekkumineebiri 2017 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2018, Mamdani yaweereza nga Rajni Kothari Chair Professor mu [[:en:Centre_for_the_Study_of_Developing_Societies|Center for the Study of Developing Societies]] mu [[:en:Delhi|Delhi,]] Buyindi. Oluvannyuma lw'ekisanja kye okuggwako, nga 4 Ogwokuna 2018 yawa omusomo gwa Rajni Kothari Chair ogutegekebwa buli mwaka, ogwatuumibwa "Okulowooza ku bwenkanya okuyita mu bumanyirivu bw'Afirika mu kyasa eky'amakumi abiri". <ref name="csds2">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Alabikidde mu firimu z’ebyafaayo ng’omukugu okugeza, ''[[:en:Rwanda:_The_Untold_Story|Rwanda: The Untold Story]]'' (2014, [[:en:BBC|BBC]] ), ''The Dictator’s Playbook'' (2018, [[:en:PBS|PBS]] ) ne ''[[:en:How_to_Become_a_Tyrant|How to Become a Tyrant]]'' (2021, [[:en:Netflix|Netflix]]). <ref>{{Cite AV media|url=https://www.pbs.org/video/idi-amin-3ol3rz/|title=The Dictator's Playbook {{!}} Idi Amin {{!}} Episode 6|language=en|publisher=[[PBS]]|via=}}</ref> Yalabikira mu firimu ya [[:en:Cameo_appearance|cameo]] ,mu firimu ya 2012 ''eya [[:en:The_Reluctant_Fundamentalist_(film)|The Reluctant Fundamentalist]]'', eyakulemberwamu mukyala we. <ref>{{Cite AV media|title=[[The Reluctant Fundamentalist]]|date=2012|last=Nair|first=Mira|publisher=[[IFC Films]]}}</ref> Mu 2024, yeegatta ku [[:en:Gaza_tribunal|Gaza Tribunal]], eyagenderera "okuzuukusa ebibiina by'obwannakyewa ku buvunaanyizibwa bwabyo n'okukomya ekittabantu kya Yisirayiri mu Gaza." <ref>{{Cite web |title=Home |url=https://gazatribunal.com/ |access-date=2025-12-07 |website=Gaza Tribunal |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title='Gaza Tribunal' established in London to seek justice for war crimes in Gaza |url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/europe/-gaza-tribunal-established-in-london-to-seek-justice-for-war-crimes-in-gaza/3383887 |access-date=2026-01-07 |website=www.aa.com.tr}}</ref> == Okusiimibwa == Mu 2008, mu kunoonyereza okwakolebwa ku mutimbagano mu lwatu, Mamdani yalondebwa ng'owomwenda ku bantu abagezi abasinga mu nsi yonna ku lukalala lw'abagezigezi 100 okuva mu ''[[:en:Prospect_(magazine)|Prospect Magazine]]'' (UK) ne ''[[:en:Foreign_Policy|Foreign Policy]]'' (US). <ref>{{Cite web |date=2008 |title=The 2008 List |url=http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/prospect-100-intellectuals/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090930143349/http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/prospect-100-intellectuals/ |archive-date=30 September 2009 |publisher=[[Prospect (magazine)|Prospect Magazine]] (UK) / [[Foreign Policy]] (US)}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |date=2008 |title=The World's Top 20 Public Intellectuals |journal=Foreign Policy |publisher=Slate Group, LLC |issue=167 |pages=54–57 |issn=0015-7228 |eissn=1945-2276 |jstor=25462318}}</ref> Mu Gwomusanvu 2017, Mamdani yalondebwa okubeera [[:en:Corresponding_Fellow_of_the_British_Academy|Omukwanaganya wa British Academy (FBA)]], ettendekero ly’eggwanga erya Bungereza erikola ku by’obuntubulamu ne ssaayansi w’embeera z’abantu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 July 2017 |title=Elections to the British Academy celebrate the diversity of UK research |url=http://www.britac.ac.uk/news/elections-british-academy-celebrate-diversity-uk-research |access-date=29 July 2017 |website=British Academy}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano nga 28, 2018 ( [[:en:Africa_Day|Africa Day]] ), Mamdani yalondebwa okuba pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa mu Center for African Studies mu Yunivasite y’e Cape Town. Dayirekita wa CAS [[:en:Lungisile_Ntsebeza|Lungisile Ntsebeza]], okulondebwa kuno yakuyita kwa "byafaayo mu bitongole", era nga kikulu mu nteekateeka y'okufuna obwetwaze bwa yunivasite m okuva mu kwekalakaasa kw'abayizi okwa " [[:en:Rhodes_Must_Fall|Rhodes Must Fall]] " mu Gwokusatu 2015. Abakulembeze b'abayizi bangi baali balaze obukulu bwa Ssikaala ya Mamdani, era okusinziira ku kino, UCT yandibadde ekola enkyukakyuka ez'omuggundu ku ntegeka y'ensoma. <ref name="uwn20184">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="cas20183">{{Cite web|title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT|website=Centre for African Studies, UCT|date=28 May 2018|url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-date=7 November 2025|url-status=live|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Prof Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/contacts/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041546/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/contacts/mahmood-mamdani |archive-date=4 Oct 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Faculty of Humanities}}</ref> == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] tmmzoue26dnd2barvr7m8nbo2k33s7x 48701 48700 2026-05-03T10:06:33Z Charles Kalanzi 9748 48701 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mahmood Mamdani''' [ a ] FBA (yazaalibwa 23 Ogwokuna 1946) munnayuganda [[:en:Anthropologist|omukugu mu by'enkula y'abantu]], munnaby'anjigiriza, era omukugu mu by'obufuzi. Ye Herbert Lehman Pulofeesa wa Gavumenti era pulofeesa w’ensonga z'ekikula ky'abantu, [[:en:Political_science|ssaayansi w’ebyobufuzi]], n’okunoonyereza [[:en:African_studies|ku nsoma y'Afirika]] mu [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]] . Era akola nga Ccansala wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda, era nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa ku Center for African Studis mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y'e Cape Town]] . Emabegako yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole kya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. Mamdani mukugu mu kusoma ebyobufuzi bya Afrika n’ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw’amatwale]] n’oluvannyuma [[:en:Postcolonialism|lw'obufuzi bw’amatwale]], n’ebyobufuzi [[:en:Knowledge_economy|by’ebyenfuna]] . Mufumbo nga mukazi we ye [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]] omuzannyi wa firimu . Ye ne Nair be bazadde ba [[:en:New_York_City_Mayor|Meeya w'ekibuga New York]] [[Zohran Mamdani]] . == Obuto bwe n’okusoma == Mahmood Mamdani yazaalibwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1946 mu [[:en:Bombay|kibuga Bombay]] (kati Mumbai), Buyindi, ng’ebula omwaka gumu [[:en:British_Raj|enfuga ya Bungereza]] ekome. <ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/education/news/mahmood-mamdani-education-and-career-path-how-zohran-mamdanis-father-built-a-legacy-of-revolution-through-ideas-and-exile/articleshow/122064130.cms "Mahmood Mamdani education and career path: How Zohran Mamdani's father built a legacy of revolution through ideas and exile"]. ''The Times of India''. 25 June 2025. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN&nbsp;]][https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-8257 0971-825]7. Retrieved 13 July 2025.</ref> <ref name="codesria">{{Cite web |title=Pr. Mahmood Mamdani (1998-2002) |url=https://codesria.org/pr-mahmood-mamdani-1998-2002/ |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> Yakulira mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=23 February 2021 |title=Mahmood Mamdani on Uganda |url=https://africasacountry.com/2011/04/mamdani-on-uganda |website=Africa is a Country}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Permanent Minorities and the Politics of Survivors: A conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://worldpeacefoundation.org/blog/permanent-minorities-and-the-politics-of-survivors-a-conversation-with-mahmood-mamdani/ |website=World Peace Foundation}}</ref> ng'omu ku [[:en:Indian_diaspora_in_Southeast_Africa|Bayindi ababundabunda mu bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba bwa Afrika]] . Bazadde be bombi, [[:en:Gujarati_Muslim|basiraamu Abagujarati]], baazaalibwa era ne bakulira mu kitundu kya Bungereza eky'amatwale ki [[:en:Tanganyika_Territory|Tanganyika]] (leero Tanzania). Abafumbo bano baagenda e Bombay olwo kitaawe n’asomerayo mu ttendekero ekkulu. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Chen |first=Kuan-Hsing |last2=Gao |first2=Shiming |last3=Tang |first3=Xiaolin |date=2016 |title=The formation of an African intellectual: an interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |journal=Inter-Asia Cultural Studies |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=456–480 |doi=10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref>Muhoozi, Mourice (6 March 2022). [https://www.watchdoguganda.com/news/20220306/131449/meet-ugandas-most-iconic-academician-prof-mahmood-mamdani.html "Meet Uganda's most Iconic academician, Prof. Mahmood Mamdani"]. ''Watchdog Uganda''</ref> Famire yaddayo e [[:en:Dar_es_Salaam|Dar es Salaam]], Tanganyika, nga Mamdani wa myaka ebiri, ne bagenda e Uganda nga wa myaka etaano oba mukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Mu kiseera ekyo, Uganda yali yayawulwamu okusinziira ku mawanga, omuli abantu gye babeera, amasomero, emizikiti, n’ebifo abaana we bazannyira. Okusoma kwe mu pulayimale, Mamdani yasooka kugenda mu [[:en:Madrasa|madarasa]], n’oluvannyuma mu Government Indian Primary School. <ref name=":8"/> Yakula ng'ayogera [[:en:Gujarati_language|Olugujarati]], [[:en:Urdu|Oluurdu]] [[:en:Swahili_language|n'Oluswayiri]] . Yatandika okusoma Olungereza mu kibiina eky’omukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Oluvannyuma lw’okusoma siniya ey’awansi, yasomera ku Old Kampala Senior Secondary School, gye yali omuwandiisi w’ekibiina kya Do-it-Yourself Physics. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uganda: Buganda And Uganda At Crossroads |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090826030635/http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |archive-date=26 August 2009 |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=AllAfrica}}</ref> Mamdani yali omu ku bayizi Bannayuganda 23 abaali mu kibiina kya [[:en:The_Kennedy_Airlift|Kennedy Airlift]] mu 1963, enteekateeka ya sikaala eyaweebwa ssente okuva mu Amerika eyaleetera ebikumi n’ebikumi by'abayizi okuva mu [[:en:East_Africa|Buvanjuba bwa Afrika]] okusomera ku yunivasite mu Amerika ne Canada wakati wa 1959 ne 1963. <ref name="indian tele">{{Cite web |last=Sen |first=Manjula |date=25 January 2009 |title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |archive-date=2 February 2009 |access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref> Mamdani yatikkirwa diguli ya Bachelor of Arts okuva mu [[:en:University_of_Pittsburgh|Yunivasite y’e Pittsburgh]] <ref name="codesria"/> mu 1967. <ref>{{Cite book |date=1 January 2010 |title=International Encyclopedia of Civil Society |url=https://link.springer.com/referencework/10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |vauthors=((Anheier, H. K.)), ((Toepler, S.)) |publisher=Springer US |isbn=978-0-387-93994-0 |editor-last=Anheier |editor-first=Helmut K. |doi=10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |editor-last2=Toepler |editor-first2=Stefan}}</ref> Yali omu ku bayizi abangi mu bukiikakkono bwa Amerika abaali mu lugendo lwa bbaasi mu bukiikaddyo okutuuka e [[:en:Montgomery,_Alabama|Montgomery, Alabama]], olwategekebwa [[:en:Student_Nonviolent_Coordinating_Committee|akakiiko akakwasaganya abayizi abatali ba ffujjo]] mu Gwokusatu 1965 okwetaba mu kaweefube w'okulwanirira [[:en:Civil_rights_movement|eddembe ly’obuntu]] . Kino kyaliwo mu kiseera ky’okutambula okuva e [[:en:Selma_to_Montgomery_marches|Selma okutuuka e Montgomery]], naye nga kyo kya njawulo. Yasibibwa mu kkomera mu kutambula kuno era n’akkirizibwa okukuba essimu. Mamdani yakubira [[:en:Embassy_of_Uganda,_Washington,_D.C.|omubaka wa Uganda]] e [[:en:Washington,_DC|Washington, DC]], amuyambe. Omubaka yamubuuza lwaki "ayingirira ensonga z'omunda mu nsi engwira", n'amuddamu nti teyali nsonga ya munda wabula olutalo lw'eddembe era nti nabo eddembe lyabwe baali bakalifuna omwaka ogwakaggwa. <ref name="pambazuka">{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=28 April 2007 |title=The Asian question again: A reflection |url=http://www.pambazuka.org/en/category/comment/41273 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]] (Uganda) |via=pambazuka.org}}</ref> Amangu ddala nga wayiseewo akaseera katono, Mamdani yategeera ku mulimu gwa [[:en:Karl_Marx|Karl Marx]] okuva mu kukyala kwe ku FBI. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Shringarpure |first=Bhakti |author-link=Bhakti Shringarpure |date=15 July 2013 |title=In Conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.warscapes.com/conversations/conversation-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=6 November 2017 |website=Warscapes |language=en |quote=I thought the guy Marx had just died. […] So that was my introduction to Karl Marx.}}</ref> Yasomera ku [[:en:Fletcher_School_of_Law_and_Diplomacy|Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy]] mu [[:en:Tufts_University|Yunivasite ya Tufts]] era mu 1968 yatikkirwa diguli ya Master of Arts mu [[:en:Political_science|byobufuzi]] ne Master of Arts mu mateeka ne diplomacy mu 1969. Yafuna diguli ye [[:en:Doctor_of_philosophy|eyookusatu]] mu gavumenti okuva mu [[:en:Harvard_University|Yunivasite y'e Harvard]] mu 1974, wansi w’obulagirizi bwa [[:en:Karl_Deutsch|Karl Deutsch]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and class formation in Uganda |url=http://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=978-0-85345-378-9 |location=New York |via=Internet Archive}}</ref> Omulamwa kw'eyatambuliza ddiguli ye eyookusatu yagiwa omutwe "''Politics and Class Formation in Uganda."'' <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and Class Formation in Uganda |url=https://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=0-85345-378-0 |location=New York |oclc=2073894 |url-access=registration}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Allen |first=Judith Van |last2=Mamdani |first2=Mahmood |last3=Shivji |first3=Issa G. |date=November 1977 |title=Reviewed Works: Politics and Class Formation in Uganda. by Mahmood Mamdani; Class Struggles in Tanzania. by Issa G. Shivji |journal=Contemporary Sociology |publisher=American Sociological Association |volume=6 |issue=6 |pages=702 |doi=10.2307/2066367 |issn=0094-3061 |eissn=1939-8638 |jstor=2066367}}</ref> == Emirimu gye == Mamdani yakomawo mu Uganda ku ntandikwa ya 1972 era naweebwa omulimu ku [[Makerere University, Uganda|yunivasite y'e Makerere]] mu Kampala [[:en:Teaching_assistant|ng'ayambako omusomesa]], mu kiseera kye kimu yali akola ku kunoonyereza kwe okwa ddiguli eyookusatu. . Ye n’Abaasia abasinga obungi [[:en:Expulsion_of_Asians_from_Uganda|baagobebwa]] mu Uganda ku nkomerero y’omwaka ogwo [[Idi Amin]] olw’amawanga gaabwe; Amin yali agenderera "kuzzaawo" bizinensi n'ebintu. Mamdani yava mu Uganda n’agenda mu nkambi y’ababundabunda mu Bungereza ku ntandikwa y'omwezi Gwekkuminoogumu. <ref name="lrb2022">{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2022-10-06 |title=The Asian Question |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v44/n19/mahmood-mamdani/the-asian-question |journal=[[London Review of Books]] |language=en |volume=44 |issue=19 |issn=0260-9592 |access-date=2025-09-08}}</ref> Yava e Bungereza mu makkati ga 1973 oluvannyuma lw’okuyingizibwa mu [[:en:University_of_Dar_es_Salaam|Yunivasite y’e Dar es Salaam]] mu Tanzania. <ref name="pambazuka"/> <ref name="cas2018">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> <ref name="bio2">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> Mu Dar es Salaam, yamaliriza okuwandiika dissertation ye. Yali mujjumbize nnyo n’ebibiina ebiwakanya Amin. Mu 1979, yeetaba mu Ttabamiruka w’e Moshi ng’omutunuulizi. Yaddayo mu Uganda oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa ku bukulembeze oluvannyuma lw'olutalo lwa [[Olutalo lwa Uganda ne Tanzania|Uganda ne Tanzania]] mu 1979. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McCormack |first=Pete |date=17 October 2005 |title=Interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.petemccormack.com/interview_mamdani_001.htm |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=petemccormack.com}}</ref> <ref name="bio2" /> Mu kiseera kino, yakozesebwa ng'omutendeke mu kibiina kya [[:en:All_Africa_Conference_of_Churches|All Africa Conference of Churches]], omukago [[:en:Ecumenical_Christian|gw'Abakristaayo ogw'ensi yonna]] ogusangibwa e [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, ng'akolera mu ofiisi [[:en:Church_of_Uganda|y'Ekkanisa ya Uganda]] mu Kampala. <ref name="lrb2022"/> Okuva mu 1980 (oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa mu ntebe mu 1979) okutuuka mu 1993 yaddamu okukolera yunivasite y’e Makerere. <ref name="bio2"/> <ref name="lrb2022"/>​[[Milton Obote|​]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kagolo |first=Francis |date=8 February 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani to be honoured among Africa's best |url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/628869-prof-mamdani-to-be-honoured-among-africa-s-best.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]]}}</ref> Yaddayo e Dar es Salaam. Oluvannyuma lwa Obote okugobwa mu ntebe omulundi ogwokubiri, Mamdani yaddamu okudda mu Uganda mu Gwomukaaga 1986. <ref name="indian tele"/> Yali dayirekita eyatandikawo ekitongole kya Centre for Basic Research (CBR), ekitongole kya Uganda ekitali kya gavumenti ekyasooka mu kunoonyereza, mwe yaweereza okuva mu 1987 okutuuka mu 1996. <ref name="diaspora">{{Cite web |date=29 November 2012 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012 |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=ugandandiaspora.com}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> <ref name="csds">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Yaliko pulofeesa omugenyi ku [[:en:University_of_Durban-Westville|Yunivasite y’e Durban]] - [[:en:Westville,_KwaZulu-Natal|Westville]] mu South Africa (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka mu Gwomukaaga 1993), ku [[:en:Nehru_Memorial_Museum_&_Library|Nehru Memorial Museum & Library]] e New Delhi (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka Gwomukaaga 1995), ne mu [[:en:Princeton_University|Yunivasite y'e Princeton]] (1995–96). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vance |first=Dara |date=2015-11-20 |title=UK Committee on Social Theory Hosts Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://uknow.uky.edu/uk-happenings/uk-committee-social-theory-hosts-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=UKNow}}</ref> Mu 1996, yalondebwa okubeera omukulembeze w’entebe ya [[:en:Archibald_Campbell_Jordan|AC Jordan]] ey'ensoma y'Afirika mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y’e Cape Town]], <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 March 2011 |title=UCT in war over 'bantu education' |url=http://mg.co.za/article/2011-03-11-uct-in-war-over-bantu-education |access-date=22 March 2013}}</ref> era ku ntandikwa ya 1997 n’afuuka akulira [[:en:Centre_for_African_Studies|ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku by'ensoma y'Afirika]] (CAS). <ref name="uwn2018">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> Yavaawo oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obutakkaanya n'abasomesa (abasinga obungi abazungu) ku bbago ly'ensoma ye ey'omusomo ogw'omusingi ku Afrika oguyitibwa "Problematising Africa". <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=June 1, 1998 |title=Is African studies to be turned into a new home for Bantu education at UCT? |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/02533959808458649 |journal=Social Dynamics |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=63–75 |doi=10.1080/02533959808458649 |issn=0253-3952 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> Mamdani, eyalaga nti ensoma eriwo eya " [[:en:Bantu_Education_Act,_1953|Bantu studies]] " (mu kujjuliza ku kusomesa Abaddugavu wansi w'enfuga [[:en:Apartheid|y'obusosoze]] ) <ref name="cas2018" /> yayimirizibwa era okukkakkana ng'alekulidde. <ref name="davis2017">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> "Ensonga ya Mamdani" ekyayogerwako mu kukubaganya ebirowoozo ku [[:en:Decolonization_of_higher_education_in_South_Africa|kununula amatendekero aga waggulu okuva mu nsoma y'abamatwale]] . Oluvannyuma yagamba nti teyalina busungu ku muntu yenna, era yalina enkolagana ennungi ekiseera kye yamalayo. Yagamba nti obutakwatagana bwali ku njawulo mu ndowooza n'addala ensengeka y’ensoma ku bikwata ku kusoma South Africa ng’ensi ya Afrika. Oluvannyuma (2018) yakomezebwawo nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa asuutibwa. [ b ] <ref name="uwn2018" /> Mu 1999, Mamdani yalondebwa okuba dayirekita w’ekitongole ekikola ku by’okunoonyereza ku Afirika mu yunivasite ya Columbia, ekifo kye yalina okutuusa mu 2004. <ref name="uwn2018"/> Okuva olwo abadde asomesa eyo (nga 2025). <ref name="haag2025">{{Cite web |last=Haag |first=Matthew |last2=Goldberg |first2=Emma |date=27 June 2025 |title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |archive-date=7 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku mbeera z’abantu ekya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=18 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University]] |archive-date=2 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002055113/http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Agaba |first=John |title=Mamdani talks about his research legacy and work at Makerere |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20220329112608625 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="bio2"/> Okutuuka mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2025 [[:en:Columbia_University#Academics|pulofeesa wa Herbert Lehman mu Gavumenti]] era pulofeesa ku nkula y'abantu, okusoma saayansi w'ebyobufuzi [[:en:African_studies|n'okusoma ku Afirika]] ku [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]].<ref name="bio2" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Faculty Bio: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/anthropology/fac-bios/mamdani/faculty.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Era akola nga chancellor wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://kiu.ac.ug/news-page.php?i=press-release-kampala-international-university-kiu-appoints-prof-mahmood-mamdani-as-chancellor |access-date=24 August 2020 |publisher=[[Kampala International University]]}}</ref> == Okunoonyereza n'okuwandiika == Mamdani yeemalira mu kunoonyereza ku byobufuzi bya Afirika n'eby'ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw'amatwale]] [[:en:Postcolonialism|n'oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale]], n'ebyobufuzi by'ebyenfuna. Ebitabo bye byekenneenya enkolagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'ebyobuwangwa, okugeraageranya [[:en:Colonialism|okufugibwa kw'amatwale]] okuva mu 1452, ebyafaayo by'entalo z'omunda [[:en:Genocide|n'ekitta bantu]] mu Afirika, [[:en:Cold_War|Olutalo olw'Ensi Yonna olw'ebigambo]] [[:en:War_on_terror|n'olutalo ku butujju]], n'ebyafaayo by'eddembe ly'obuntu.<ref>vSneh, Itai Nartzizenfield (2008). [https://books.google.com/books?id=iax4AAAAMAAJ ''The Future Almost Arrived: How Jimmy Carter Failed to Change U.S. Foreign Policy''.] [[:en:Peter_Lang_(publishing_company)|Peter Lang]]. p. 169. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780820481852|9780820481852]]</bdi>.</ref> Okunoonyereza kwe okw'omwaka 2016 kwatandikira ku kitabo kye eky'omwaka 1996, [[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]. <ref>[http://polisci.columbia.edu/people/profile/96 "Mahmood Mamdani | Department of Political Science"]. ''polisci.columbia.edu''. Retrieved 21 January 2016.</ref>Mu kitabo ekyo, yagamba nti eggwanga eryafugibwa terisobola kutegeerwa nga tewekenenyeza bulungi eggwanga eryalifuga.Enkola y'obufuzi bw'amatwale mu Afirika yali eddamu okusoomoozebwa kw'ekibuuzo "ekikulu", era yagamba nti yafuuka "amawanga agaabuluziddwamu".<ref name=":0">Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. pp. 15–16. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|<bdi>9780852553992</bdi>.]]</ref>Kino kyali kikolebwa mu ngeri bbiri: ku ludda olumu nga bafuga butereevu, nga kino kyali kikolwa kya "buyinza" era nga kyali kigenderera okuggya abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo ku ddembe ly'obuntu eryali liweebwa abatuuze mu bitundu ebirala, ate ku ludda olulala nga bafuga mu ngeri etali y'abuteerevu, nga kino kyali kikolebwa mu byalo era nga kizingiramu okuyingiza "bannansi" mu "mateeka g'eggwanga" agaateekebwawo ab'obuyinza mu byalo, era nga kino yakiyita "obwannakyemalira obw'okugabanya obuyinza".<ref name=":0" /> Embeera eno yali "yakusika muguwa" era ng'erimu "engeri bbiri ez'obuyinza wansi w'obuyinza obumu".<ref name=":0" /> Oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale, ebibuga byali tebikyayawulamu bantu lwa langi naye ebyalo byali bikyafugibwa abakulembeze abaali mu nkwawa z'abafuzi b'amatwale, ka babe abakulembeze ab'ennono oba b'ebali bakwasizzaobuyinza nga balina ebiruubirirwa by'okufugisa omukono ogw'ekyuma.<ref>Clapham, Chris (1997). "Review: Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism by Mahmood Mamdani'". ''Royal Institute of International Affairs''. '''73''': 606.</ref>Mu ngeri eno obukulembeze bwonna bwaleeta enjawukana mu mawnga era n'ekutondawo obukulembeze bwabwe obw'enjawulo obwannakyemalira.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref> Mamdani yekennenya ebyafaayo mu South Africa ne Uganda okulaga nti obufuzi bw'amatwale bwakozesa obuyinza obuyitiridde era obuyinza obwo bweyongera okubaawo oluvannyuma lw'ameefuga.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. p. 37. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref>Ng’asomooza endowooza eza bulijjo ku busosoze mu South Afrika nga ez’enjawulo, agamba nti [[:en:Apartheid|obusosoze mu mawanga]] bwali ngeri ya bulijjo ey’ettwale lya Bulaaya mu Africa, nga lizingiramu ensonga [[:en:Indirect_rule|z’obufuzi obutali butereevu]] n’okukwatagana<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1 January 1996 |title=Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism |isbn=9780852553992 |pages=16–18}}</ref> Mu kitabo kye ekyafulumizibwa mu 2004 ekya ''Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: America, the Cold War, and the Roots of Terror'' Mamdani yagamba nti [[:en:Suicide_attack|abeetuze]] balina okumanyibwa "ng'ekika ky'omujaasi" era nti balina "okutegeerwa mu ngeri y'effujjo ly'ebyobufuzi ery'omulembe guno okusinga okuvumwavumwa ng'akabonero k'obukambwe". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bickerton |first=James |date=2025-07-11 |title=Zohran Mamdani's father's remark about suicide bombers comes under scrutiny |url=https://www.newsweek.com/zohran-mamdani-father-remark-about-suicide-bombers-comes-under-scrutiny-2097793 |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref> Omuyivu omu yagamba nti kino si kuwagira kwettisa bbomu wabula kwekenneenya okwanenya '"okusalawo kwa Amerika ku nkola y'ensonga z'ebweru naddala mu kiseera ky'olutalo olw'ebigambo", okutondawo embeera [[:en:Islamic_extremism|y'Obusiraamu obw'annalukalala]] [[:en:Political_violence|n'effujjo mu byobufuzi]] " mwe byakulaakulanira. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Murray |first=Conor |date=Jul 11, 2025 |title=Mahmood Mamdani's Work Does Not Advocate Violence, Expert Says |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/conormurray/2025/07/11/sequoias-maguire-unfairly-targets-zohran-mamdanis-father-fellow-academic-says/ |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko bye bifulumiddde mu ''[[:en:London_Review_of_Books|London Review of Books]]'' n'ekampuni ezifulumya ebitabo ebirala.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/contributors/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=London Review of Books |language=en-GB}}</ref> Okusinziira ku CAS, ebiwandiiko bya Mamdani "bibadde bikulu mu kusomebwa abayizi abali ku misomo gyabwe egya undergraduate ne Postgraduate ku UCT ssaako n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo ku nsoma y'ebyafaayo n'ebyobufuzi bya Afirika , nga banonyereza ku nkwatagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'obuwangwa, okugerageranya obufuzi bw'amatwale, entalo ez'omunda mu ggwanga n'ekittabantu mu Afirika".<ref name="uwn20182">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> == Emirimu gy'emirala == Okuva mu 1998 <ref name="bio22">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> oba 1999 okutuuka mu 2002, Mamdani yaweereza nga pulezidenti w'olukiiko olukulaakulanya okunoonyereza ku ssaayansi w'embeera z'abantu mu Afrika ([[:en:Council_for_the_Development_of_Social_Science_Research_in_Africa|Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa]]). <ref name="cas20182">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumineebiri 2001, yawa okwogera ku "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" mu lukungaana lwa [[:en:Nobel_Prize|Nobel Centennial Symposium]] e [[:en:Oslo|Oslo]], Norway. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 December 2001 |title=Speech by Dr. Mahmood Mamdani: "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/mediaplayer/index.php?id=1281 |access-date=24 March 2013 |publisher=Nobel Prize}}</ref> Mu Gwomwenda 2006, Mamdani yali omu ku boogezi abaayitibwa mu lukuŋŋaana lw’ekibiina kya [[:en:Ugandan_North_American_Association_(UNAA)|Uganda North American Association (UNAA)]] mu kibuga New York. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2006-09-05 |title=UNAA Convention was disorganised! |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/news/1141390/unaa-convention-disorganised |access-date=2026-02-18 |publisher=New Vision (Kampala)}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano 2011, mu kiseera ky'okwekalakaasa okwali mu kibangirizi kya Tahrir([[:en:Tahrir_Square_protests|Tahrir Square protests]]) mu kibuga [[:en:Cairo|Cairo]], Misiri, Mamdani yayitibwa okwogerako mu [[:en:American_University_of_Cairo|Yunivasite y’Amerika e Cairo]]. Ng’ayogera eri abayizi mu [[:en:University_of_KwaZulu-Natal|yunivasite y’e KwaZulu-Natal]] mu South Africa mu 2012, kino yakigeraageranya n’obwegugungo obwaliwo mu Soweto ([[:en:1976_Soweto_uprising|Soweto Uprising]]) mu 1976 . <ref name="kwazulu2012">{{Cite web |date=24 April 2012 |title=Address on Receiving an Honorary Doctorate at the University of Kwazulu Natal |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/mesaas/images/faculty/news/Mamdani%20commencement.pdf |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumi 2011, Mamdani (nga bali wamu ne Rhoda Ann Kanaaneh) y'eyali omwogezi omukulu mu lukungaana lw’eggwanga olwasooka olw’abayizi olwa [[:en:Students_for_Justice_in_Palestine|Students for Justice in Palestine]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Silver |first=Carly |date=2011-10-16 |title=Reporting live from the first-ever SJP National Conference |url=https://newvoices.org/2011/10/15/reporting-live-from-the-first-ever-sjp-national-conference/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=New Voices |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nathan-Kazis |first=Josh |date=2011-10-11 |title=Pro-Palestinian Student Activists Plan First National Conference |url=https://forward.com/news/144173/pro-palestinian-student-activists-plan-push/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=The Forward |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2017 yayitibwa okuwa omusomo ku lunaku lwa [[:en:TB_Davie_Memorial_Lecture|TB Davie Memorial]] ku ddembe ly'okusoma mu Yunivasite y'e Cape Town, era emboozi ye, eyatuumibwa "Decolonising the Post-Colonial University" yaleetawo okukubaganya ebirowoozo kungi. <ref name="uwn20183">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="davis20172">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> Okuva mu Gwekkumineebiri 2017 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2018, Mamdani yaweereza nga Rajni Kothari Chair Professor mu [[:en:Centre_for_the_Study_of_Developing_Societies|Center for the Study of Developing Societies]] mu [[:en:Delhi|Delhi,]] Buyindi. Oluvannyuma lw'ekisanja kye okuggwako, nga 4 Ogwokuna 2018 yawa omusomo gwa Rajni Kothari Chair ogutegekebwa buli mwaka, ogwatuumibwa "Okulowooza ku bwenkanya okuyita mu bumanyirivu bw'Afirika mu kyasa eky'amakumi abiri". <ref name="csds2">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Alabikidde mu firimu z’ebyafaayo ng’omukugu okugeza, ''[[:en:Rwanda:_The_Untold_Story|Rwanda: The Untold Story]]'' (2014, [[:en:BBC|BBC]] ), ''The Dictator’s Playbook'' (2018, [[:en:PBS|PBS]] ) ne ''[[:en:How_to_Become_a_Tyrant|How to Become a Tyrant]]'' (2021, [[:en:Netflix|Netflix]]). <ref>{{Cite AV media|url=https://www.pbs.org/video/idi-amin-3ol3rz/|title=The Dictator's Playbook {{!}} Idi Amin {{!}} Episode 6|language=en|publisher=[[PBS]]|via=}}</ref> Yalabikira mu firimu ya [[:en:Cameo_appearance|cameo]] ,mu firimu ya 2012 ''eya [[:en:The_Reluctant_Fundamentalist_(film)|The Reluctant Fundamentalist]]'', eyakulemberwamu mukyala we. <ref>{{Cite AV media|title=[[The Reluctant Fundamentalist]]|date=2012|last=Nair|first=Mira|publisher=[[IFC Films]]}}</ref> Mu 2024, yeegatta ku [[:en:Gaza_tribunal|Gaza Tribunal]], eyagenderera "okuzuukusa ebibiina by'obwannakyewa ku buvunaanyizibwa bwabyo n'okukomya ekittabantu kya Yisirayiri mu Gaza." <ref>{{Cite web |title=Home |url=https://gazatribunal.com/ |access-date=2025-12-07 |website=Gaza Tribunal |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title='Gaza Tribunal' established in London to seek justice for war crimes in Gaza |url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/europe/-gaza-tribunal-established-in-london-to-seek-justice-for-war-crimes-in-gaza/3383887 |access-date=2026-01-07 |website=www.aa.com.tr}}</ref> == Okusiimibwa == Mu 2008, mu kunoonyereza okwakolebwa ku mutimbagano mu lwatu, Mamdani yalondebwa ng'owomwenda ku bantu abagezi abasinga mu nsi yonna ku lukalala lw'abagezigezi 100 okuva mu ''[[:en:Prospect_(magazine)|Prospect Magazine]]'' (UK) ne ''[[:en:Foreign_Policy|Foreign Policy]]'' (US). <ref>{{Cite web |date=2008 |title=The 2008 List |url=http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/prospect-100-intellectuals/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090930143349/http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/prospect-100-intellectuals/ |archive-date=30 September 2009 |publisher=[[Prospect (magazine)|Prospect Magazine]] (UK) / [[Foreign Policy]] (US)}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |date=2008 |title=The World's Top 20 Public Intellectuals |journal=Foreign Policy |publisher=Slate Group, LLC |issue=167 |pages=54–57 |issn=0015-7228 |eissn=1945-2276 |jstor=25462318}}</ref> Mu Gwomusanvu 2017, Mamdani yalondebwa okubeera [[:en:Corresponding_Fellow_of_the_British_Academy|Omukwanaganya wa British Academy (FBA)]], ettendekero ly’eggwanga erya Bungereza erikola ku by’obuntubulamu ne ssaayansi w’embeera z’abantu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 July 2017 |title=Elections to the British Academy celebrate the diversity of UK research |url=http://www.britac.ac.uk/news/elections-british-academy-celebrate-diversity-uk-research |access-date=29 July 2017 |website=British Academy}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano nga 28, 2018 ( [[:en:Africa_Day|Africa Day]] ), Mamdani yalondebwa okuba pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa mu Center for African Studies mu Yunivasite y’e Cape Town. Dayirekita wa CAS [[:en:Lungisile_Ntsebeza|Lungisile Ntsebeza]], okulondebwa kuno yakuyita kwa "byafaayo mu bitongole", era nga kikulu mu nteekateeka y'okufuna obwetwaze bwa yunivasite m okuva mu kwekalakaasa kw'abayizi okwa " [[:en:Rhodes_Must_Fall|Rhodes Must Fall]] " mu Gwokusatu 2015. Abakulembeze b'abayizi bangi baali balaze obukulu bwa Ssikaala ya Mamdani, era okusinziira ku kino, UCT yandibadde ekola enkyukakyuka ez'omuggundu ku ntegeka y'ensoma. <ref name="uwn20184">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="cas20183">{{Cite web|title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT|website=Centre for African Studies, UCT|date=28 May 2018|url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-date=7 November 2025|url-status=live|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Prof Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/contacts/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041546/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/contacts/mahmood-mamdani |archive-date=4 Oct 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Faculty of Humanities}}</ref> == Engule n’okusunsulwa == * 1997: [[:en:Herskovits_Prize|Herskovits Prize]] for ''[[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]''<ref name="cas20184">{{cite web |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT|website=Centre for African Studies, UCT|date=28 May 2018|url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-date=7 November 2025|url-status=live|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> * 1999: [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|University of Cape Town]] Book Award for ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism''<ref>{{cite web |title=UCT Book Award |url=https://www.uct.ac.za/about/honours/bookaward/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130404065845/http://www.uct.ac.za/about/honours/bookaward/ |archive-date=4 April 2013 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[University of Cape Town]]}}</ref> * 2009: GDS Eminent Scholar Award from the [[:en:International_Studies_Association|International Studies Association]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=GDS Eminent Scholar Award Past Recipients |url=https://www.isanet.org/Programs/Awards/GDS-Eminent-Scholar/Past-Recipients |access-date=16 January 2019 |website=www.isanet.org}}</ref> * 2011: [[:en:H._F._Lenfest|Lenfest]] Distinguished Faculty Award<ref>{{cite web |date=15 April 2011 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani Recognized with Lenfest Award |url=http://www.sipa.columbia.edu/news_events/announcements/MahmoodMamdaniFacultyAward04152011.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121221034143/http://sipa.columbia.edu/news_events/announcements/MahmoodMamdaniFacultyAward04152011.html |archive-date=21 December 2012 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[School of International and Public Affairs, Columbia University]]}}</ref> * 2012: Scholar of the Year at the 2nd Annual African Diaspora Awards for his immense contribution to African Scholarship<ref>{{cite web |date=19 November 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani Is To Be Honored As "Scholar of the Year" At The Annual African Diaspora Awards NYC |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/news/prof-mamdani-be-honored-scholar-year-annual-african-diaspora-awards-nyc |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University|MISR]]}}</ref> * 2012: Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012<ref name="diaspora2">{{cite web |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora|title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012|date=29 November 2012|publisher=ugandandiaspora.com|access-date=21 March 2013|archive-date=1 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora|url-status=dead}}</ref> * 2021: ''[[:en:Neither_Settler_Nor_Native:_The_Making_and_Unmaking_of_Permanent_Minorities|Neither Settler Nor Native: The Making and Unmaking of Permanent Minorities]]'' (2020), shortlisted for the [[:en:British_Academy_Book_Prize_for_Global_Cultural_Understanding|British Academy Book Prize for Global Cultural Understanding]], and as "World History Finalist" by Association of American Publishers Awards for Professional and Scholarly Excellence ([[:en:PROSE_Awards|PROSE Awards]])<ref name="bio23">{{cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani|website=Department of Anthropology|url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] piifq9c9c66u5w7i3xvi1hhurysidzu 48702 48701 2026-05-03T10:08:07Z Charles Kalanzi 9748 48702 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mahmood Mamdani''' [ a ] FBA (yazaalibwa 23 Ogwokuna 1946) munnayuganda [[:en:Anthropologist|omukugu mu by'enkula y'abantu]], munnaby'anjigiriza, era omukugu mu by'obufuzi. Ye Herbert Lehman Pulofeesa wa Gavumenti era pulofeesa w’ensonga z'ekikula ky'abantu, [[:en:Political_science|ssaayansi w’ebyobufuzi]], n’okunoonyereza [[:en:African_studies|ku nsoma y'Afirika]] mu [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]] . Era akola nga Ccansala wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda, era nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa ku Center for African Studis mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y'e Cape Town]] . Emabegako yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole kya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. Mamdani mukugu mu kusoma ebyobufuzi bya Afrika n’ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw’amatwale]] n’oluvannyuma [[:en:Postcolonialism|lw'obufuzi bw’amatwale]], n’ebyobufuzi [[:en:Knowledge_economy|by’ebyenfuna]] . Mufumbo nga mukazi we ye [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]] omuzannyi wa firimu . Ye ne Nair be bazadde ba [[:en:New_York_City_Mayor|Meeya w'ekibuga New York]] [[Zohran Mamdani]] . == Obuto bwe n’okusoma == Mahmood Mamdani yazaalibwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1946 mu [[:en:Bombay|kibuga Bombay]] (kati Mumbai), Buyindi, ng’ebula omwaka gumu [[:en:British_Raj|enfuga ya Bungereza]] ekome. <ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/education/news/mahmood-mamdani-education-and-career-path-how-zohran-mamdanis-father-built-a-legacy-of-revolution-through-ideas-and-exile/articleshow/122064130.cms "Mahmood Mamdani education and career path: How Zohran Mamdani's father built a legacy of revolution through ideas and exile"]. ''The Times of India''. 25 June 2025. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN&nbsp;]][https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-8257 0971-825]7. Retrieved 13 July 2025.</ref> <ref name="codesria">{{Cite web |title=Pr. Mahmood Mamdani (1998-2002) |url=https://codesria.org/pr-mahmood-mamdani-1998-2002/ |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> Yakulira mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=23 February 2021 |title=Mahmood Mamdani on Uganda |url=https://africasacountry.com/2011/04/mamdani-on-uganda |website=Africa is a Country}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Permanent Minorities and the Politics of Survivors: A conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://worldpeacefoundation.org/blog/permanent-minorities-and-the-politics-of-survivors-a-conversation-with-mahmood-mamdani/ |website=World Peace Foundation}}</ref> ng'omu ku [[:en:Indian_diaspora_in_Southeast_Africa|Bayindi ababundabunda mu bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba bwa Afrika]] . Bazadde be bombi, [[:en:Gujarati_Muslim|basiraamu Abagujarati]], baazaalibwa era ne bakulira mu kitundu kya Bungereza eky'amatwale ki [[:en:Tanganyika_Territory|Tanganyika]] (leero Tanzania). Abafumbo bano baagenda e Bombay olwo kitaawe n’asomerayo mu ttendekero ekkulu. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Chen |first=Kuan-Hsing |last2=Gao |first2=Shiming |last3=Tang |first3=Xiaolin |date=2016 |title=The formation of an African intellectual: an interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |journal=Inter-Asia Cultural Studies |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=456–480 |doi=10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref>Muhoozi, Mourice (6 March 2022). [https://www.watchdoguganda.com/news/20220306/131449/meet-ugandas-most-iconic-academician-prof-mahmood-mamdani.html "Meet Uganda's most Iconic academician, Prof. Mahmood Mamdani"]. ''Watchdog Uganda''</ref> Famire yaddayo e [[:en:Dar_es_Salaam|Dar es Salaam]], Tanganyika, nga Mamdani wa myaka ebiri, ne bagenda e Uganda nga wa myaka etaano oba mukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Mu kiseera ekyo, Uganda yali yayawulwamu okusinziira ku mawanga, omuli abantu gye babeera, amasomero, emizikiti, n’ebifo abaana we bazannyira. Okusoma kwe mu pulayimale, Mamdani yasooka kugenda mu [[:en:Madrasa|madarasa]], n’oluvannyuma mu Government Indian Primary School. <ref name=":8"/> Yakula ng'ayogera [[:en:Gujarati_language|Olugujarati]], [[:en:Urdu|Oluurdu]] [[:en:Swahili_language|n'Oluswayiri]] . Yatandika okusoma Olungereza mu kibiina eky’omukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Oluvannyuma lw’okusoma siniya ey’awansi, yasomera ku Old Kampala Senior Secondary School, gye yali omuwandiisi w’ekibiina kya Do-it-Yourself Physics. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uganda: Buganda And Uganda At Crossroads |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090826030635/http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |archive-date=26 August 2009 |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=AllAfrica}}</ref> Mamdani yali omu ku bayizi Bannayuganda 23 abaali mu kibiina kya [[:en:The_Kennedy_Airlift|Kennedy Airlift]] mu 1963, enteekateeka ya sikaala eyaweebwa ssente okuva mu Amerika eyaleetera ebikumi n’ebikumi by'abayizi okuva mu [[:en:East_Africa|Buvanjuba bwa Afrika]] okusomera ku yunivasite mu Amerika ne Canada wakati wa 1959 ne 1963. <ref name="indian tele">{{Cite web |last=Sen |first=Manjula |date=25 January 2009 |title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |archive-date=2 February 2009 |access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref> Mamdani yatikkirwa diguli ya Bachelor of Arts okuva mu [[:en:University_of_Pittsburgh|Yunivasite y’e Pittsburgh]] <ref name="codesria"/> mu 1967. <ref>{{Cite book |date=1 January 2010 |title=International Encyclopedia of Civil Society |url=https://link.springer.com/referencework/10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |vauthors=((Anheier, H. K.)), ((Toepler, S.)) |publisher=Springer US |isbn=978-0-387-93994-0 |editor-last=Anheier |editor-first=Helmut K. |doi=10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |editor-last2=Toepler |editor-first2=Stefan}}</ref> Yali omu ku bayizi abangi mu bukiikakkono bwa Amerika abaali mu lugendo lwa bbaasi mu bukiikaddyo okutuuka e [[:en:Montgomery,_Alabama|Montgomery, Alabama]], olwategekebwa [[:en:Student_Nonviolent_Coordinating_Committee|akakiiko akakwasaganya abayizi abatali ba ffujjo]] mu Gwokusatu 1965 okwetaba mu kaweefube w'okulwanirira [[:en:Civil_rights_movement|eddembe ly’obuntu]] . Kino kyaliwo mu kiseera ky’okutambula okuva e [[:en:Selma_to_Montgomery_marches|Selma okutuuka e Montgomery]], naye nga kyo kya njawulo. Yasibibwa mu kkomera mu kutambula kuno era n’akkirizibwa okukuba essimu. Mamdani yakubira [[:en:Embassy_of_Uganda,_Washington,_D.C.|omubaka wa Uganda]] e [[:en:Washington,_DC|Washington, DC]], amuyambe. Omubaka yamubuuza lwaki "ayingirira ensonga z'omunda mu nsi engwira", n'amuddamu nti teyali nsonga ya munda wabula olutalo lw'eddembe era nti nabo eddembe lyabwe baali bakalifuna omwaka ogwakaggwa. <ref name="pambazuka">{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=28 April 2007 |title=The Asian question again: A reflection |url=http://www.pambazuka.org/en/category/comment/41273 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]] (Uganda) |via=pambazuka.org}}</ref> Amangu ddala nga wayiseewo akaseera katono, Mamdani yategeera ku mulimu gwa [[:en:Karl_Marx|Karl Marx]] okuva mu kukyala kwe ku FBI. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Shringarpure |first=Bhakti |author-link=Bhakti Shringarpure |date=15 July 2013 |title=In Conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.warscapes.com/conversations/conversation-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=6 November 2017 |website=Warscapes |language=en |quote=I thought the guy Marx had just died. […] So that was my introduction to Karl Marx.}}</ref> Yasomera ku [[:en:Fletcher_School_of_Law_and_Diplomacy|Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy]] mu [[:en:Tufts_University|Yunivasite ya Tufts]] era mu 1968 yatikkirwa diguli ya Master of Arts mu [[:en:Political_science|byobufuzi]] ne Master of Arts mu mateeka ne diplomacy mu 1969. Yafuna diguli ye [[:en:Doctor_of_philosophy|eyookusatu]] mu gavumenti okuva mu [[:en:Harvard_University|Yunivasite y'e Harvard]] mu 1974, wansi w’obulagirizi bwa [[:en:Karl_Deutsch|Karl Deutsch]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and class formation in Uganda |url=http://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=978-0-85345-378-9 |location=New York |via=Internet Archive}}</ref> Omulamwa kw'eyatambuliza ddiguli ye eyookusatu yagiwa omutwe "''Politics and Class Formation in Uganda."'' <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and Class Formation in Uganda |url=https://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=0-85345-378-0 |location=New York |oclc=2073894 |url-access=registration}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Allen |first=Judith Van |last2=Mamdani |first2=Mahmood |last3=Shivji |first3=Issa G. |date=November 1977 |title=Reviewed Works: Politics and Class Formation in Uganda. by Mahmood Mamdani; Class Struggles in Tanzania. by Issa G. Shivji |journal=Contemporary Sociology |publisher=American Sociological Association |volume=6 |issue=6 |pages=702 |doi=10.2307/2066367 |issn=0094-3061 |eissn=1939-8638 |jstor=2066367}}</ref> == Emirimu gye == Mamdani yakomawo mu Uganda ku ntandikwa ya 1972 era naweebwa omulimu ku [[Makerere University, Uganda|yunivasite y'e Makerere]] mu Kampala [[:en:Teaching_assistant|ng'ayambako omusomesa]], mu kiseera kye kimu yali akola ku kunoonyereza kwe okwa ddiguli eyookusatu. . Ye n’Abaasia abasinga obungi [[:en:Expulsion_of_Asians_from_Uganda|baagobebwa]] mu Uganda ku nkomerero y’omwaka ogwo [[Idi Amin]] olw’amawanga gaabwe; Amin yali agenderera "kuzzaawo" bizinensi n'ebintu. Mamdani yava mu Uganda n’agenda mu nkambi y’ababundabunda mu Bungereza ku ntandikwa y'omwezi Gwekkuminoogumu. <ref name="lrb2022">{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2022-10-06 |title=The Asian Question |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v44/n19/mahmood-mamdani/the-asian-question |journal=[[London Review of Books]] |language=en |volume=44 |issue=19 |issn=0260-9592 |access-date=2025-09-08}}</ref> Yava e Bungereza mu makkati ga 1973 oluvannyuma lw’okuyingizibwa mu [[:en:University_of_Dar_es_Salaam|Yunivasite y’e Dar es Salaam]] mu Tanzania. <ref name="pambazuka"/> <ref name="cas2018">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> <ref name="bio2">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> Mu Dar es Salaam, yamaliriza okuwandiika dissertation ye. Yali mujjumbize nnyo n’ebibiina ebiwakanya Amin. Mu 1979, yeetaba mu Ttabamiruka w’e Moshi ng’omutunuulizi. Yaddayo mu Uganda oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa ku bukulembeze oluvannyuma lw'olutalo lwa [[Olutalo lwa Uganda ne Tanzania|Uganda ne Tanzania]] mu 1979. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McCormack |first=Pete |date=17 October 2005 |title=Interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.petemccormack.com/interview_mamdani_001.htm |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=petemccormack.com}}</ref> <ref name="bio2" /> Mu kiseera kino, yakozesebwa ng'omutendeke mu kibiina kya [[:en:All_Africa_Conference_of_Churches|All Africa Conference of Churches]], omukago [[:en:Ecumenical_Christian|gw'Abakristaayo ogw'ensi yonna]] ogusangibwa e [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, ng'akolera mu ofiisi [[:en:Church_of_Uganda|y'Ekkanisa ya Uganda]] mu Kampala. <ref name="lrb2022"/> Okuva mu 1980 (oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa mu ntebe mu 1979) okutuuka mu 1993 yaddamu okukolera yunivasite y’e Makerere. <ref name="bio2"/> <ref name="lrb2022"/>​[[Milton Obote|​]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kagolo |first=Francis |date=8 February 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani to be honoured among Africa's best |url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/628869-prof-mamdani-to-be-honoured-among-africa-s-best.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]]}}</ref> Yaddayo e Dar es Salaam. Oluvannyuma lwa Obote okugobwa mu ntebe omulundi ogwokubiri, Mamdani yaddamu okudda mu Uganda mu Gwomukaaga 1986. <ref name="indian tele"/> Yali dayirekita eyatandikawo ekitongole kya Centre for Basic Research (CBR), ekitongole kya Uganda ekitali kya gavumenti ekyasooka mu kunoonyereza, mwe yaweereza okuva mu 1987 okutuuka mu 1996. <ref name="diaspora">{{Cite web |date=29 November 2012 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012 |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=ugandandiaspora.com}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> <ref name="csds">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Yaliko pulofeesa omugenyi ku [[:en:University_of_Durban-Westville|Yunivasite y’e Durban]] - [[:en:Westville,_KwaZulu-Natal|Westville]] mu South Africa (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka mu Gwomukaaga 1993), ku [[:en:Nehru_Memorial_Museum_&_Library|Nehru Memorial Museum & Library]] e New Delhi (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka Gwomukaaga 1995), ne mu [[:en:Princeton_University|Yunivasite y'e Princeton]] (1995–96). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vance |first=Dara |date=2015-11-20 |title=UK Committee on Social Theory Hosts Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://uknow.uky.edu/uk-happenings/uk-committee-social-theory-hosts-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=UKNow}}</ref> Mu 1996, yalondebwa okubeera omukulembeze w’entebe ya [[:en:Archibald_Campbell_Jordan|AC Jordan]] ey'ensoma y'Afirika mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y’e Cape Town]], <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 March 2011 |title=UCT in war over 'bantu education' |url=http://mg.co.za/article/2011-03-11-uct-in-war-over-bantu-education |access-date=22 March 2013}}</ref> era ku ntandikwa ya 1997 n’afuuka akulira [[:en:Centre_for_African_Studies|ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku by'ensoma y'Afirika]] (CAS). <ref name="uwn2018">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> Yavaawo oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obutakkaanya n'abasomesa (abasinga obungi abazungu) ku bbago ly'ensoma ye ey'omusomo ogw'omusingi ku Afrika oguyitibwa "Problematising Africa". <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=June 1, 1998 |title=Is African studies to be turned into a new home for Bantu education at UCT? |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/02533959808458649 |journal=Social Dynamics |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=63–75 |doi=10.1080/02533959808458649 |issn=0253-3952 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> Mamdani, eyalaga nti ensoma eriwo eya " [[:en:Bantu_Education_Act,_1953|Bantu studies]] " (mu kujjuliza ku kusomesa Abaddugavu wansi w'enfuga [[:en:Apartheid|y'obusosoze]] ) <ref name="cas2018" /> yayimirizibwa era okukkakkana ng'alekulidde. <ref name="davis2017">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> "Ensonga ya Mamdani" ekyayogerwako mu kukubaganya ebirowoozo ku [[:en:Decolonization_of_higher_education_in_South_Africa|kununula amatendekero aga waggulu okuva mu nsoma y'abamatwale]] . Oluvannyuma yagamba nti teyalina busungu ku muntu yenna, era yalina enkolagana ennungi ekiseera kye yamalayo. Yagamba nti obutakwatagana bwali ku njawulo mu ndowooza n'addala ensengeka y’ensoma ku bikwata ku kusoma South Africa ng’ensi ya Afrika. Oluvannyuma (2018) yakomezebwawo nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa asuutibwa. [ b ] <ref name="uwn2018" /> Mu 1999, Mamdani yalondebwa okuba dayirekita w’ekitongole ekikola ku by’okunoonyereza ku Afirika mu yunivasite ya Columbia, ekifo kye yalina okutuusa mu 2004. <ref name="uwn2018"/> Okuva olwo abadde asomesa eyo (nga 2025). <ref name="haag2025">{{Cite web |last=Haag |first=Matthew |last2=Goldberg |first2=Emma |date=27 June 2025 |title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |archive-date=7 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku mbeera z’abantu ekya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=18 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University]] |archive-date=2 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002055113/http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Agaba |first=John |title=Mamdani talks about his research legacy and work at Makerere |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20220329112608625 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="bio2"/> Okutuuka mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2025 [[:en:Columbia_University#Academics|pulofeesa wa Herbert Lehman mu Gavumenti]] era pulofeesa ku nkula y'abantu, okusoma saayansi w'ebyobufuzi [[:en:African_studies|n'okusoma ku Afirika]] ku [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]].<ref name="bio2" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Faculty Bio: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/anthropology/fac-bios/mamdani/faculty.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Era akola nga chancellor wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://kiu.ac.ug/news-page.php?i=press-release-kampala-international-university-kiu-appoints-prof-mahmood-mamdani-as-chancellor |access-date=24 August 2020 |publisher=[[Kampala International University]]}}</ref> == Okunoonyereza n'okuwandiika == Mamdani yeemalira mu kunoonyereza ku byobufuzi bya Afirika n'eby'ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw'amatwale]] [[:en:Postcolonialism|n'oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale]], n'ebyobufuzi by'ebyenfuna. Ebitabo bye byekenneenya enkolagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'ebyobuwangwa, okugeraageranya [[:en:Colonialism|okufugibwa kw'amatwale]] okuva mu 1452, ebyafaayo by'entalo z'omunda [[:en:Genocide|n'ekitta bantu]] mu Afirika, [[:en:Cold_War|Olutalo olw'Ensi Yonna olw'ebigambo]] [[:en:War_on_terror|n'olutalo ku butujju]], n'ebyafaayo by'eddembe ly'obuntu.<ref>vSneh, Itai Nartzizenfield (2008). [https://books.google.com/books?id=iax4AAAAMAAJ ''The Future Almost Arrived: How Jimmy Carter Failed to Change U.S. Foreign Policy''.] [[:en:Peter_Lang_(publishing_company)|Peter Lang]]. p. 169. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780820481852|9780820481852]]</bdi>.</ref> Okunoonyereza kwe okw'omwaka 2016 kwatandikira ku kitabo kye eky'omwaka 1996, [[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]. <ref>[http://polisci.columbia.edu/people/profile/96 "Mahmood Mamdani | Department of Political Science"]. ''polisci.columbia.edu''. Retrieved 21 January 2016.</ref>Mu kitabo ekyo, yagamba nti eggwanga eryafugibwa terisobola kutegeerwa nga tewekenenyeza bulungi eggwanga eryalifuga.Enkola y'obufuzi bw'amatwale mu Afirika yali eddamu okusoomoozebwa kw'ekibuuzo "ekikulu", era yagamba nti yafuuka "amawanga agaabuluziddwamu".<ref name=":0">Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. pp. 15–16. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|<bdi>9780852553992</bdi>.]]</ref>Kino kyali kikolebwa mu ngeri bbiri: ku ludda olumu nga bafuga butereevu, nga kino kyali kikolwa kya "buyinza" era nga kyali kigenderera okuggya abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo ku ddembe ly'obuntu eryali liweebwa abatuuze mu bitundu ebirala, ate ku ludda olulala nga bafuga mu ngeri etali y'abuteerevu, nga kino kyali kikolebwa mu byalo era nga kizingiramu okuyingiza "bannansi" mu "mateeka g'eggwanga" agaateekebwawo ab'obuyinza mu byalo, era nga kino yakiyita "obwannakyemalira obw'okugabanya obuyinza".<ref name=":0" /> Embeera eno yali "yakusika muguwa" era ng'erimu "engeri bbiri ez'obuyinza wansi w'obuyinza obumu".<ref name=":0" /> Oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale, ebibuga byali tebikyayawulamu bantu lwa langi naye ebyalo byali bikyafugibwa abakulembeze abaali mu nkwawa z'abafuzi b'amatwale, ka babe abakulembeze ab'ennono oba b'ebali bakwasizzaobuyinza nga balina ebiruubirirwa by'okufugisa omukono ogw'ekyuma.<ref>Clapham, Chris (1997). "Review: Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism by Mahmood Mamdani'". ''Royal Institute of International Affairs''. '''73''': 606.</ref>Mu ngeri eno obukulembeze bwonna bwaleeta enjawukana mu mawnga era n'ekutondawo obukulembeze bwabwe obw'enjawulo obwannakyemalira.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref> Mamdani yekennenya ebyafaayo mu South Africa ne Uganda okulaga nti obufuzi bw'amatwale bwakozesa obuyinza obuyitiridde era obuyinza obwo bweyongera okubaawo oluvannyuma lw'ameefuga.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. p. 37. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref>Ng’asomooza endowooza eza bulijjo ku busosoze mu South Afrika nga ez’enjawulo, agamba nti [[:en:Apartheid|obusosoze mu mawanga]] bwali ngeri ya bulijjo ey’ettwale lya Bulaaya mu Africa, nga lizingiramu ensonga [[:en:Indirect_rule|z’obufuzi obutali butereevu]] n’okukwatagana<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1 January 1996 |title=Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism |isbn=9780852553992 |pages=16–18}}</ref> Mu kitabo kye ekyafulumizibwa mu 2004 ekya ''Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: America, the Cold War, and the Roots of Terror'' Mamdani yagamba nti [[:en:Suicide_attack|abeetuze]] balina okumanyibwa "ng'ekika ky'omujaasi" era nti balina "okutegeerwa mu ngeri y'effujjo ly'ebyobufuzi ery'omulembe guno okusinga okuvumwavumwa ng'akabonero k'obukambwe". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bickerton |first=James |date=2025-07-11 |title=Zohran Mamdani's father's remark about suicide bombers comes under scrutiny |url=https://www.newsweek.com/zohran-mamdani-father-remark-about-suicide-bombers-comes-under-scrutiny-2097793 |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref> Omuyivu omu yagamba nti kino si kuwagira kwettisa bbomu wabula kwekenneenya okwanenya '"okusalawo kwa Amerika ku nkola y'ensonga z'ebweru naddala mu kiseera ky'olutalo olw'ebigambo", okutondawo embeera [[:en:Islamic_extremism|y'Obusiraamu obw'annalukalala]] [[:en:Political_violence|n'effujjo mu byobufuzi]] " mwe byakulaakulanira. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Murray |first=Conor |date=Jul 11, 2025 |title=Mahmood Mamdani's Work Does Not Advocate Violence, Expert Says |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/conormurray/2025/07/11/sequoias-maguire-unfairly-targets-zohran-mamdanis-father-fellow-academic-says/ |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko bye bifulumiddde mu ''[[:en:London_Review_of_Books|London Review of Books]]'' n'ekampuni ezifulumya ebitabo ebirala.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/contributors/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=London Review of Books |language=en-GB}}</ref> Okusinziira ku CAS, ebiwandiiko bya Mamdani "bibadde bikulu mu kusomebwa abayizi abali ku misomo gyabwe egya undergraduate ne Postgraduate ku UCT ssaako n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo ku nsoma y'ebyafaayo n'ebyobufuzi bya Afirika , nga banonyereza ku nkwatagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'obuwangwa, okugerageranya obufuzi bw'amatwale, entalo ez'omunda mu ggwanga n'ekittabantu mu Afirika".<ref name="uwn20182">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> == Emirimu gy'emirala == Okuva mu 1998 <ref name="bio22">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> oba 1999 okutuuka mu 2002, Mamdani yaweereza nga pulezidenti w'olukiiko olukulaakulanya okunoonyereza ku ssaayansi w'embeera z'abantu mu Afrika ([[:en:Council_for_the_Development_of_Social_Science_Research_in_Africa|Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa]]). <ref name="cas20182">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumineebiri 2001, yawa okwogera ku "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" mu lukungaana lwa [[:en:Nobel_Prize|Nobel Centennial Symposium]] e [[:en:Oslo|Oslo]], Norway. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 December 2001 |title=Speech by Dr. Mahmood Mamdani: "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/mediaplayer/index.php?id=1281 |access-date=24 March 2013 |publisher=Nobel Prize}}</ref> Mu Gwomwenda 2006, Mamdani yali omu ku boogezi abaayitibwa mu lukuŋŋaana lw’ekibiina kya [[:en:Ugandan_North_American_Association_(UNAA)|Uganda North American Association (UNAA)]] mu kibuga New York. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2006-09-05 |title=UNAA Convention was disorganised! |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/news/1141390/unaa-convention-disorganised |access-date=2026-02-18 |publisher=New Vision (Kampala)}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano 2011, mu kiseera ky'okwekalakaasa okwali mu kibangirizi kya Tahrir([[:en:Tahrir_Square_protests|Tahrir Square protests]]) mu kibuga [[:en:Cairo|Cairo]], Misiri, Mamdani yayitibwa okwogerako mu [[:en:American_University_of_Cairo|Yunivasite y’Amerika e Cairo]]. Ng’ayogera eri abayizi mu [[:en:University_of_KwaZulu-Natal|yunivasite y’e KwaZulu-Natal]] mu South Africa mu 2012, kino yakigeraageranya n’obwegugungo obwaliwo mu Soweto ([[:en:1976_Soweto_uprising|Soweto Uprising]]) mu 1976 . <ref name="kwazulu2012">{{Cite web |date=24 April 2012 |title=Address on Receiving an Honorary Doctorate at the University of Kwazulu Natal |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/mesaas/images/faculty/news/Mamdani%20commencement.pdf |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumi 2011, Mamdani (nga bali wamu ne Rhoda Ann Kanaaneh) y'eyali omwogezi omukulu mu lukungaana lw’eggwanga olwasooka olw’abayizi olwa [[:en:Students_for_Justice_in_Palestine|Students for Justice in Palestine]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Silver |first=Carly |date=2011-10-16 |title=Reporting live from the first-ever SJP National Conference |url=https://newvoices.org/2011/10/15/reporting-live-from-the-first-ever-sjp-national-conference/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=New Voices |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nathan-Kazis |first=Josh |date=2011-10-11 |title=Pro-Palestinian Student Activists Plan First National Conference |url=https://forward.com/news/144173/pro-palestinian-student-activists-plan-push/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=The Forward |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2017 yayitibwa okuwa omusomo ku lunaku lwa [[:en:TB_Davie_Memorial_Lecture|TB Davie Memorial]] ku ddembe ly'okusoma mu Yunivasite y'e Cape Town, era emboozi ye, eyatuumibwa "Decolonising the Post-Colonial University" yaleetawo okukubaganya ebirowoozo kungi. <ref name="uwn20183">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="davis20172">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> Okuva mu Gwekkumineebiri 2017 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2018, Mamdani yaweereza nga Rajni Kothari Chair Professor mu [[:en:Centre_for_the_Study_of_Developing_Societies|Center for the Study of Developing Societies]] mu [[:en:Delhi|Delhi,]] Buyindi. Oluvannyuma lw'ekisanja kye okuggwako, nga 4 Ogwokuna 2018 yawa omusomo gwa Rajni Kothari Chair ogutegekebwa buli mwaka, ogwatuumibwa "Okulowooza ku bwenkanya okuyita mu bumanyirivu bw'Afirika mu kyasa eky'amakumi abiri". <ref name="csds2">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Alabikidde mu firimu z’ebyafaayo ng’omukugu okugeza, ''[[:en:Rwanda:_The_Untold_Story|Rwanda: The Untold Story]]'' (2014, [[:en:BBC|BBC]] ), ''The Dictator’s Playbook'' (2018, [[:en:PBS|PBS]] ) ne ''[[:en:How_to_Become_a_Tyrant|How to Become a Tyrant]]'' (2021, [[:en:Netflix|Netflix]]). <ref>{{Cite AV media|url=https://www.pbs.org/video/idi-amin-3ol3rz/|title=The Dictator's Playbook {{!}} Idi Amin {{!}} Episode 6|language=en|publisher=[[PBS]]|via=}}</ref> Yalabikira mu firimu ya [[:en:Cameo_appearance|cameo]] ,mu firimu ya 2012 ''eya [[:en:The_Reluctant_Fundamentalist_(film)|The Reluctant Fundamentalist]]'', eyakulemberwamu mukyala we. <ref>{{Cite AV media|title=[[The Reluctant Fundamentalist]]|date=2012|last=Nair|first=Mira|publisher=[[IFC Films]]}}</ref> Mu 2024, yeegatta ku [[:en:Gaza_tribunal|Gaza Tribunal]], eyagenderera "okuzuukusa ebibiina by'obwannakyewa ku buvunaanyizibwa bwabyo n'okukomya ekittabantu kya Yisirayiri mu Gaza." <ref>{{Cite web |title=Home |url=https://gazatribunal.com/ |access-date=2025-12-07 |website=Gaza Tribunal |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title='Gaza Tribunal' established in London to seek justice for war crimes in Gaza |url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/europe/-gaza-tribunal-established-in-london-to-seek-justice-for-war-crimes-in-gaza/3383887 |access-date=2026-01-07 |website=www.aa.com.tr}}</ref> == Okusiimibwa == Mu 2008, mu kunoonyereza okwakolebwa ku mutimbagano mu lwatu, Mamdani yalondebwa ng'owomwenda ku bantu abagezi abasinga mu nsi yonna ku lukalala lw'abagezigezi 100 okuva mu ''[[:en:Prospect_(magazine)|Prospect Magazine]]'' (UK) ne ''[[:en:Foreign_Policy|Foreign Policy]]'' (US). <ref>{{Cite web |date=2008 |title=The 2008 List |url=http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/prospect-100-intellectuals/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090930143349/http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/prospect-100-intellectuals/ |archive-date=30 September 2009 |publisher=[[Prospect (magazine)|Prospect Magazine]] (UK) / [[Foreign Policy]] (US)}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |date=2008 |title=The World's Top 20 Public Intellectuals |journal=Foreign Policy |publisher=Slate Group, LLC |issue=167 |pages=54–57 |issn=0015-7228 |eissn=1945-2276 |jstor=25462318}}</ref> Mu Gwomusanvu 2017, Mamdani yalondebwa okubeera [[:en:Corresponding_Fellow_of_the_British_Academy|Omukwanaganya wa British Academy (FBA)]], ettendekero ly’eggwanga erya Bungereza erikola ku by’obuntubulamu ne ssaayansi w’embeera z’abantu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 July 2017 |title=Elections to the British Academy celebrate the diversity of UK research |url=http://www.britac.ac.uk/news/elections-british-academy-celebrate-diversity-uk-research |access-date=29 July 2017 |website=British Academy}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano nga 28, 2018 ( [[:en:Africa_Day|Africa Day]] ), Mamdani yalondebwa okuba pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa mu Center for African Studies mu Yunivasite y’e Cape Town. Dayirekita wa CAS [[:en:Lungisile_Ntsebeza|Lungisile Ntsebeza]], okulondebwa kuno yakuyita kwa "byafaayo mu bitongole", era nga kikulu mu nteekateeka y'okufuna obwetwaze bwa yunivasite m okuva mu kwekalakaasa kw'abayizi okwa " [[:en:Rhodes_Must_Fall|Rhodes Must Fall]] " mu Gwokusatu 2015. Abakulembeze b'abayizi bangi baali balaze obukulu bwa Ssikaala ya Mamdani, era okusinziira ku kino, UCT yandibadde ekola enkyukakyuka ez'omuggundu ku ntegeka y'ensoma. <ref name="uwn20184">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="cas20183">{{Cite web|title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT|website=Centre for African Studies, UCT|date=28 May 2018|url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-date=7 November 2025|url-status=live|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Prof Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/contacts/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041546/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/contacts/mahmood-mamdani |archive-date=4 Oct 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Faculty of Humanities}}</ref> == Engule n’okusunsulwa == * 1997: [[:en:Herskovits_Prize|Herskovits Prize]] for ''[[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]''<ref name="cas20184">{{cite web |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT|website=Centre for African Studies, UCT|date=28 May 2018|url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-date=7 November 2025|url-status=live|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> * 1999: [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|University of Cape Town]] Book Award for ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism''<ref>{{cite web |title=UCT Book Award |url=https://www.uct.ac.za/about/honours/bookaward/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130404065845/http://www.uct.ac.za/about/honours/bookaward/ |archive-date=4 April 2013 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[University of Cape Town]]}}</ref> * 2009: GDS Eminent Scholar Award from the [[:en:International_Studies_Association|International Studies Association]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=GDS Eminent Scholar Award Past Recipients |url=https://www.isanet.org/Programs/Awards/GDS-Eminent-Scholar/Past-Recipients |access-date=16 January 2019 |website=www.isanet.org}}</ref> * 2011: [[:en:H._F._Lenfest|Lenfest]] Distinguished Faculty Award<ref>{{cite web |date=15 April 2011 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani Recognized with Lenfest Award |url=http://www.sipa.columbia.edu/news_events/announcements/MahmoodMamdaniFacultyAward04152011.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121221034143/http://sipa.columbia.edu/news_events/announcements/MahmoodMamdaniFacultyAward04152011.html |archive-date=21 December 2012 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[School of International and Public Affairs, Columbia University]]}}</ref> * 2012: Scholar of the Year at the 2nd Annual African Diaspora Awards for his immense contribution to African Scholarship<ref>{{cite web |date=19 November 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani Is To Be Honored As "Scholar of the Year" At The Annual African Diaspora Awards NYC |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/news/prof-mamdani-be-honored-scholar-year-annual-african-diaspora-awards-nyc |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University|MISR]]}}</ref> * 2012: Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012<ref name="diaspora2">{{cite web |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora|title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012|date=29 November 2012|publisher=ugandandiaspora.com|access-date=21 March 2013|archive-date=1 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora|url-status=dead}}</ref> * 2021: ''[[:en:Neither_Settler_Nor_Native:_The_Making_and_Unmaking_of_Permanent_Minorities|Neither Settler Nor Native: The Making and Unmaking of Permanent Minorities]]'' (2020), shortlisted for the [[:en:British_Academy_Book_Prize_for_Global_Cultural_Understanding|British Academy Book Prize for Global Cultural Understanding]], and as "World History Finalist" by Association of American Publishers Awards for Professional and Scholarly Excellence ([[:en:PROSE_Awards|PROSE Awards]])<ref name="bio23">{{cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani|website=Department of Anthropology|url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> == Diguli ez’ekitiibwa == == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] ibcigtr2bb1k5a3unirup5ttlj29erh 48703 48702 2026-05-03T10:11:13Z Charles Kalanzi 9748 48703 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mahmood Mamdani''' [ a ] FBA (yazaalibwa 23 Ogwokuna 1946) munnayuganda [[:en:Anthropologist|omukugu mu by'enkula y'abantu]], munnaby'anjigiriza, era omukugu mu by'obufuzi. Ye Herbert Lehman Pulofeesa wa Gavumenti era pulofeesa w’ensonga z'ekikula ky'abantu, [[:en:Political_science|ssaayansi w’ebyobufuzi]], n’okunoonyereza [[:en:African_studies|ku nsoma y'Afirika]] mu [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]] . Era akola nga Ccansala wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda, era nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa ku Center for African Studis mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y'e Cape Town]] . Emabegako yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole kya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. Mamdani mukugu mu kusoma ebyobufuzi bya Afrika n’ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw’amatwale]] n’oluvannyuma [[:en:Postcolonialism|lw'obufuzi bw’amatwale]], n’ebyobufuzi [[:en:Knowledge_economy|by’ebyenfuna]] . Mufumbo nga mukazi we ye [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]] omuzannyi wa firimu . Ye ne Nair be bazadde ba [[:en:New_York_City_Mayor|Meeya w'ekibuga New York]] [[Zohran Mamdani]] . == Obuto bwe n’okusoma == Mahmood Mamdani yazaalibwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1946 mu [[:en:Bombay|kibuga Bombay]] (kati Mumbai), Buyindi, ng’ebula omwaka gumu [[:en:British_Raj|enfuga ya Bungereza]] ekome. <ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/education/news/mahmood-mamdani-education-and-career-path-how-zohran-mamdanis-father-built-a-legacy-of-revolution-through-ideas-and-exile/articleshow/122064130.cms "Mahmood Mamdani education and career path: How Zohran Mamdani's father built a legacy of revolution through ideas and exile"]. ''The Times of India''. 25 June 2025. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN&nbsp;]][https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-8257 0971-825]7. Retrieved 13 July 2025.</ref> <ref name="codesria">{{Cite web |title=Pr. Mahmood Mamdani (1998-2002) |url=https://codesria.org/pr-mahmood-mamdani-1998-2002/ |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> Yakulira mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=23 February 2021 |title=Mahmood Mamdani on Uganda |url=https://africasacountry.com/2011/04/mamdani-on-uganda |website=Africa is a Country}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Permanent Minorities and the Politics of Survivors: A conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://worldpeacefoundation.org/blog/permanent-minorities-and-the-politics-of-survivors-a-conversation-with-mahmood-mamdani/ |website=World Peace Foundation}}</ref> ng'omu ku [[:en:Indian_diaspora_in_Southeast_Africa|Bayindi ababundabunda mu bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba bwa Afrika]] . Bazadde be bombi, [[:en:Gujarati_Muslim|basiraamu Abagujarati]], baazaalibwa era ne bakulira mu kitundu kya Bungereza eky'amatwale ki [[:en:Tanganyika_Territory|Tanganyika]] (leero Tanzania). Abafumbo bano baagenda e Bombay olwo kitaawe n’asomerayo mu ttendekero ekkulu. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Chen |first=Kuan-Hsing |last2=Gao |first2=Shiming |last3=Tang |first3=Xiaolin |date=2016 |title=The formation of an African intellectual: an interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |journal=Inter-Asia Cultural Studies |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=456–480 |doi=10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref>Muhoozi, Mourice (6 March 2022). [https://www.watchdoguganda.com/news/20220306/131449/meet-ugandas-most-iconic-academician-prof-mahmood-mamdani.html "Meet Uganda's most Iconic academician, Prof. Mahmood Mamdani"]. ''Watchdog Uganda''</ref> Famire yaddayo e [[:en:Dar_es_Salaam|Dar es Salaam]], Tanganyika, nga Mamdani wa myaka ebiri, ne bagenda e Uganda nga wa myaka etaano oba mukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Mu kiseera ekyo, Uganda yali yayawulwamu okusinziira ku mawanga, omuli abantu gye babeera, amasomero, emizikiti, n’ebifo abaana we bazannyira. Okusoma kwe mu pulayimale, Mamdani yasooka kugenda mu [[:en:Madrasa|madarasa]], n’oluvannyuma mu Government Indian Primary School. <ref name=":8"/> Yakula ng'ayogera [[:en:Gujarati_language|Olugujarati]], [[:en:Urdu|Oluurdu]] [[:en:Swahili_language|n'Oluswayiri]] . Yatandika okusoma Olungereza mu kibiina eky’omukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Oluvannyuma lw’okusoma siniya ey’awansi, yasomera ku Old Kampala Senior Secondary School, gye yali omuwandiisi w’ekibiina kya Do-it-Yourself Physics. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uganda: Buganda And Uganda At Crossroads |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090826030635/http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |archive-date=26 August 2009 |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=AllAfrica}}</ref> Mamdani yali omu ku bayizi Bannayuganda 23 abaali mu kibiina kya [[:en:The_Kennedy_Airlift|Kennedy Airlift]] mu 1963, enteekateeka ya sikaala eyaweebwa ssente okuva mu Amerika eyaleetera ebikumi n’ebikumi by'abayizi okuva mu [[:en:East_Africa|Buvanjuba bwa Afrika]] okusomera ku yunivasite mu Amerika ne Canada wakati wa 1959 ne 1963. <ref name="indian tele">{{Cite web |last=Sen |first=Manjula |date=25 January 2009 |title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |archive-date=2 February 2009 |access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref> Mamdani yatikkirwa diguli ya Bachelor of Arts okuva mu [[:en:University_of_Pittsburgh|Yunivasite y’e Pittsburgh]] <ref name="codesria"/> mu 1967. <ref>{{Cite book |date=1 January 2010 |title=International Encyclopedia of Civil Society |url=https://link.springer.com/referencework/10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |vauthors=((Anheier, H. K.)), ((Toepler, S.)) |publisher=Springer US |isbn=978-0-387-93994-0 |editor-last=Anheier |editor-first=Helmut K. |doi=10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |editor-last2=Toepler |editor-first2=Stefan}}</ref> Yali omu ku bayizi abangi mu bukiikakkono bwa Amerika abaali mu lugendo lwa bbaasi mu bukiikaddyo okutuuka e [[:en:Montgomery,_Alabama|Montgomery, Alabama]], olwategekebwa [[:en:Student_Nonviolent_Coordinating_Committee|akakiiko akakwasaganya abayizi abatali ba ffujjo]] mu Gwokusatu 1965 okwetaba mu kaweefube w'okulwanirira [[:en:Civil_rights_movement|eddembe ly’obuntu]] . Kino kyaliwo mu kiseera ky’okutambula okuva e [[:en:Selma_to_Montgomery_marches|Selma okutuuka e Montgomery]], naye nga kyo kya njawulo. Yasibibwa mu kkomera mu kutambula kuno era n’akkirizibwa okukuba essimu. Mamdani yakubira [[:en:Embassy_of_Uganda,_Washington,_D.C.|omubaka wa Uganda]] e [[:en:Washington,_DC|Washington, DC]], amuyambe. Omubaka yamubuuza lwaki "ayingirira ensonga z'omunda mu nsi engwira", n'amuddamu nti teyali nsonga ya munda wabula olutalo lw'eddembe era nti nabo eddembe lyabwe baali bakalifuna omwaka ogwakaggwa. <ref name="pambazuka">{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=28 April 2007 |title=The Asian question again: A reflection |url=http://www.pambazuka.org/en/category/comment/41273 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]] (Uganda) |via=pambazuka.org}}</ref> Amangu ddala nga wayiseewo akaseera katono, Mamdani yategeera ku mulimu gwa [[:en:Karl_Marx|Karl Marx]] okuva mu kukyala kwe ku FBI. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Shringarpure |first=Bhakti |author-link=Bhakti Shringarpure |date=15 July 2013 |title=In Conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.warscapes.com/conversations/conversation-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=6 November 2017 |website=Warscapes |language=en |quote=I thought the guy Marx had just died. […] So that was my introduction to Karl Marx.}}</ref> Yasomera ku [[:en:Fletcher_School_of_Law_and_Diplomacy|Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy]] mu [[:en:Tufts_University|Yunivasite ya Tufts]] era mu 1968 yatikkirwa diguli ya Master of Arts mu [[:en:Political_science|byobufuzi]] ne Master of Arts mu mateeka ne diplomacy mu 1969. Yafuna diguli ye [[:en:Doctor_of_philosophy|eyookusatu]] mu gavumenti okuva mu [[:en:Harvard_University|Yunivasite y'e Harvard]] mu 1974, wansi w’obulagirizi bwa [[:en:Karl_Deutsch|Karl Deutsch]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and class formation in Uganda |url=http://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=978-0-85345-378-9 |location=New York |via=Internet Archive}}</ref> Omulamwa kw'eyatambuliza ddiguli ye eyookusatu yagiwa omutwe "''Politics and Class Formation in Uganda."'' <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and Class Formation in Uganda |url=https://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=0-85345-378-0 |location=New York |oclc=2073894 |url-access=registration}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Allen |first=Judith Van |last2=Mamdani |first2=Mahmood |last3=Shivji |first3=Issa G. |date=November 1977 |title=Reviewed Works: Politics and Class Formation in Uganda. by Mahmood Mamdani; Class Struggles in Tanzania. by Issa G. Shivji |journal=Contemporary Sociology |publisher=American Sociological Association |volume=6 |issue=6 |pages=702 |doi=10.2307/2066367 |issn=0094-3061 |eissn=1939-8638 |jstor=2066367}}</ref> == Emirimu gye == Mamdani yakomawo mu Uganda ku ntandikwa ya 1972 era naweebwa omulimu ku [[Makerere University, Uganda|yunivasite y'e Makerere]] mu Kampala [[:en:Teaching_assistant|ng'ayambako omusomesa]], mu kiseera kye kimu yali akola ku kunoonyereza kwe okwa ddiguli eyookusatu. . Ye n’Abaasia abasinga obungi [[:en:Expulsion_of_Asians_from_Uganda|baagobebwa]] mu Uganda ku nkomerero y’omwaka ogwo [[Idi Amin]] olw’amawanga gaabwe; Amin yali agenderera "kuzzaawo" bizinensi n'ebintu. Mamdani yava mu Uganda n’agenda mu nkambi y’ababundabunda mu Bungereza ku ntandikwa y'omwezi Gwekkuminoogumu. <ref name="lrb2022">{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2022-10-06 |title=The Asian Question |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v44/n19/mahmood-mamdani/the-asian-question |journal=[[London Review of Books]] |language=en |volume=44 |issue=19 |issn=0260-9592 |access-date=2025-09-08}}</ref> Yava e Bungereza mu makkati ga 1973 oluvannyuma lw’okuyingizibwa mu [[:en:University_of_Dar_es_Salaam|Yunivasite y’e Dar es Salaam]] mu Tanzania. <ref name="pambazuka"/> <ref name="cas2018">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> <ref name="bio2">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> Mu Dar es Salaam, yamaliriza okuwandiika dissertation ye. Yali mujjumbize nnyo n’ebibiina ebiwakanya Amin. Mu 1979, yeetaba mu Ttabamiruka w’e Moshi ng’omutunuulizi. Yaddayo mu Uganda oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa ku bukulembeze oluvannyuma lw'olutalo lwa [[Olutalo lwa Uganda ne Tanzania|Uganda ne Tanzania]] mu 1979. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McCormack |first=Pete |date=17 October 2005 |title=Interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.petemccormack.com/interview_mamdani_001.htm |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=petemccormack.com}}</ref> <ref name="bio2" /> Mu kiseera kino, yakozesebwa ng'omutendeke mu kibiina kya [[:en:All_Africa_Conference_of_Churches|All Africa Conference of Churches]], omukago [[:en:Ecumenical_Christian|gw'Abakristaayo ogw'ensi yonna]] ogusangibwa e [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, ng'akolera mu ofiisi [[:en:Church_of_Uganda|y'Ekkanisa ya Uganda]] mu Kampala. <ref name="lrb2022"/> Okuva mu 1980 (oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa mu ntebe mu 1979) okutuuka mu 1993 yaddamu okukolera yunivasite y’e Makerere. <ref name="bio2"/> <ref name="lrb2022"/>​[[Milton Obote|​]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kagolo |first=Francis |date=8 February 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani to be honoured among Africa's best |url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/628869-prof-mamdani-to-be-honoured-among-africa-s-best.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]]}}</ref> Yaddayo e Dar es Salaam. Oluvannyuma lwa Obote okugobwa mu ntebe omulundi ogwokubiri, Mamdani yaddamu okudda mu Uganda mu Gwomukaaga 1986. <ref name="indian tele"/> Yali dayirekita eyatandikawo ekitongole kya Centre for Basic Research (CBR), ekitongole kya Uganda ekitali kya gavumenti ekyasooka mu kunoonyereza, mwe yaweereza okuva mu 1987 okutuuka mu 1996. <ref name="diaspora">{{Cite web |date=29 November 2012 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012 |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=ugandandiaspora.com}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> <ref name="csds">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Yaliko pulofeesa omugenyi ku [[:en:University_of_Durban-Westville|Yunivasite y’e Durban]] - [[:en:Westville,_KwaZulu-Natal|Westville]] mu South Africa (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka mu Gwomukaaga 1993), ku [[:en:Nehru_Memorial_Museum_&_Library|Nehru Memorial Museum & Library]] e New Delhi (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka Gwomukaaga 1995), ne mu [[:en:Princeton_University|Yunivasite y'e Princeton]] (1995–96). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vance |first=Dara |date=2015-11-20 |title=UK Committee on Social Theory Hosts Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://uknow.uky.edu/uk-happenings/uk-committee-social-theory-hosts-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=UKNow}}</ref> Mu 1996, yalondebwa okubeera omukulembeze w’entebe ya [[:en:Archibald_Campbell_Jordan|AC Jordan]] ey'ensoma y'Afirika mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y’e Cape Town]], <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 March 2011 |title=UCT in war over 'bantu education' |url=http://mg.co.za/article/2011-03-11-uct-in-war-over-bantu-education |access-date=22 March 2013}}</ref> era ku ntandikwa ya 1997 n’afuuka akulira [[:en:Centre_for_African_Studies|ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku by'ensoma y'Afirika]] (CAS). <ref name="uwn2018">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> Yavaawo oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obutakkaanya n'abasomesa (abasinga obungi abazungu) ku bbago ly'ensoma ye ey'omusomo ogw'omusingi ku Afrika oguyitibwa "Problematising Africa". <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=June 1, 1998 |title=Is African studies to be turned into a new home for Bantu education at UCT? |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/02533959808458649 |journal=Social Dynamics |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=63–75 |doi=10.1080/02533959808458649 |issn=0253-3952 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> Mamdani, eyalaga nti ensoma eriwo eya " [[:en:Bantu_Education_Act,_1953|Bantu studies]] " (mu kujjuliza ku kusomesa Abaddugavu wansi w'enfuga [[:en:Apartheid|y'obusosoze]] ) <ref name="cas2018" /> yayimirizibwa era okukkakkana ng'alekulidde. <ref name="davis2017">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> "Ensonga ya Mamdani" ekyayogerwako mu kukubaganya ebirowoozo ku [[:en:Decolonization_of_higher_education_in_South_Africa|kununula amatendekero aga waggulu okuva mu nsoma y'abamatwale]] . Oluvannyuma yagamba nti teyalina busungu ku muntu yenna, era yalina enkolagana ennungi ekiseera kye yamalayo. Yagamba nti obutakwatagana bwali ku njawulo mu ndowooza n'addala ensengeka y’ensoma ku bikwata ku kusoma South Africa ng’ensi ya Afrika. Oluvannyuma (2018) yakomezebwawo nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa asuutibwa. [ b ] <ref name="uwn2018" /> Mu 1999, Mamdani yalondebwa okuba dayirekita w’ekitongole ekikola ku by’okunoonyereza ku Afirika mu yunivasite ya Columbia, ekifo kye yalina okutuusa mu 2004. <ref name="uwn2018"/> Okuva olwo abadde asomesa eyo (nga 2025). <ref name="haag2025">{{Cite web |last=Haag |first=Matthew |last2=Goldberg |first2=Emma |date=27 June 2025 |title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |archive-date=7 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku mbeera z’abantu ekya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=18 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University]] |archive-date=2 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002055113/http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Agaba |first=John |title=Mamdani talks about his research legacy and work at Makerere |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20220329112608625 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="bio2"/> Okutuuka mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2025 [[:en:Columbia_University#Academics|pulofeesa wa Herbert Lehman mu Gavumenti]] era pulofeesa ku nkula y'abantu, okusoma saayansi w'ebyobufuzi [[:en:African_studies|n'okusoma ku Afirika]] ku [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]].<ref name="bio2" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Faculty Bio: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/anthropology/fac-bios/mamdani/faculty.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Era akola nga chancellor wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://kiu.ac.ug/news-page.php?i=press-release-kampala-international-university-kiu-appoints-prof-mahmood-mamdani-as-chancellor |access-date=24 August 2020 |publisher=[[Kampala International University]]}}</ref> == Okunoonyereza n'okuwandiika == Mamdani yeemalira mu kunoonyereza ku byobufuzi bya Afirika n'eby'ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw'amatwale]] [[:en:Postcolonialism|n'oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale]], n'ebyobufuzi by'ebyenfuna. Ebitabo bye byekenneenya enkolagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'ebyobuwangwa, okugeraageranya [[:en:Colonialism|okufugibwa kw'amatwale]] okuva mu 1452, ebyafaayo by'entalo z'omunda [[:en:Genocide|n'ekitta bantu]] mu Afirika, [[:en:Cold_War|Olutalo olw'Ensi Yonna olw'ebigambo]] [[:en:War_on_terror|n'olutalo ku butujju]], n'ebyafaayo by'eddembe ly'obuntu.<ref>vSneh, Itai Nartzizenfield (2008). [https://books.google.com/books?id=iax4AAAAMAAJ ''The Future Almost Arrived: How Jimmy Carter Failed to Change U.S. Foreign Policy''.] [[:en:Peter_Lang_(publishing_company)|Peter Lang]]. p. 169. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780820481852|9780820481852]]</bdi>.</ref> Okunoonyereza kwe okw'omwaka 2016 kwatandikira ku kitabo kye eky'omwaka 1996, [[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]. <ref>[http://polisci.columbia.edu/people/profile/96 "Mahmood Mamdani | Department of Political Science"]. ''polisci.columbia.edu''. Retrieved 21 January 2016.</ref>Mu kitabo ekyo, yagamba nti eggwanga eryafugibwa terisobola kutegeerwa nga tewekenenyeza bulungi eggwanga eryalifuga.Enkola y'obufuzi bw'amatwale mu Afirika yali eddamu okusoomoozebwa kw'ekibuuzo "ekikulu", era yagamba nti yafuuka "amawanga agaabuluziddwamu".<ref name=":0">Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. pp. 15–16. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|<bdi>9780852553992</bdi>.]]</ref>Kino kyali kikolebwa mu ngeri bbiri: ku ludda olumu nga bafuga butereevu, nga kino kyali kikolwa kya "buyinza" era nga kyali kigenderera okuggya abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo ku ddembe ly'obuntu eryali liweebwa abatuuze mu bitundu ebirala, ate ku ludda olulala nga bafuga mu ngeri etali y'abuteerevu, nga kino kyali kikolebwa mu byalo era nga kizingiramu okuyingiza "bannansi" mu "mateeka g'eggwanga" agaateekebwawo ab'obuyinza mu byalo, era nga kino yakiyita "obwannakyemalira obw'okugabanya obuyinza".<ref name=":0" /> Embeera eno yali "yakusika muguwa" era ng'erimu "engeri bbiri ez'obuyinza wansi w'obuyinza obumu".<ref name=":0" /> Oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale, ebibuga byali tebikyayawulamu bantu lwa langi naye ebyalo byali bikyafugibwa abakulembeze abaali mu nkwawa z'abafuzi b'amatwale, ka babe abakulembeze ab'ennono oba b'ebali bakwasizzaobuyinza nga balina ebiruubirirwa by'okufugisa omukono ogw'ekyuma.<ref>Clapham, Chris (1997). "Review: Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism by Mahmood Mamdani'". ''Royal Institute of International Affairs''. '''73''': 606.</ref>Mu ngeri eno obukulembeze bwonna bwaleeta enjawukana mu mawnga era n'ekutondawo obukulembeze bwabwe obw'enjawulo obwannakyemalira.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref> Mamdani yekennenya ebyafaayo mu South Africa ne Uganda okulaga nti obufuzi bw'amatwale bwakozesa obuyinza obuyitiridde era obuyinza obwo bweyongera okubaawo oluvannyuma lw'ameefuga.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. p. 37. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref>Ng’asomooza endowooza eza bulijjo ku busosoze mu South Afrika nga ez’enjawulo, agamba nti [[:en:Apartheid|obusosoze mu mawanga]] bwali ngeri ya bulijjo ey’ettwale lya Bulaaya mu Africa, nga lizingiramu ensonga [[:en:Indirect_rule|z’obufuzi obutali butereevu]] n’okukwatagana<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1 January 1996 |title=Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism |isbn=9780852553992 |pages=16–18}}</ref> Mu kitabo kye ekyafulumizibwa mu 2004 ekya ''Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: America, the Cold War, and the Roots of Terror'' Mamdani yagamba nti [[:en:Suicide_attack|abeetuze]] balina okumanyibwa "ng'ekika ky'omujaasi" era nti balina "okutegeerwa mu ngeri y'effujjo ly'ebyobufuzi ery'omulembe guno okusinga okuvumwavumwa ng'akabonero k'obukambwe". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bickerton |first=James |date=2025-07-11 |title=Zohran Mamdani's father's remark about suicide bombers comes under scrutiny |url=https://www.newsweek.com/zohran-mamdani-father-remark-about-suicide-bombers-comes-under-scrutiny-2097793 |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref> Omuyivu omu yagamba nti kino si kuwagira kwettisa bbomu wabula kwekenneenya okwanenya '"okusalawo kwa Amerika ku nkola y'ensonga z'ebweru naddala mu kiseera ky'olutalo olw'ebigambo", okutondawo embeera [[:en:Islamic_extremism|y'Obusiraamu obw'annalukalala]] [[:en:Political_violence|n'effujjo mu byobufuzi]] " mwe byakulaakulanira. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Murray |first=Conor |date=Jul 11, 2025 |title=Mahmood Mamdani's Work Does Not Advocate Violence, Expert Says |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/conormurray/2025/07/11/sequoias-maguire-unfairly-targets-zohran-mamdanis-father-fellow-academic-says/ |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko bye bifulumiddde mu ''[[:en:London_Review_of_Books|London Review of Books]]'' n'ekampuni ezifulumya ebitabo ebirala.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/contributors/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=London Review of Books |language=en-GB}}</ref> Okusinziira ku CAS, ebiwandiiko bya Mamdani "bibadde bikulu mu kusomebwa abayizi abali ku misomo gyabwe egya undergraduate ne Postgraduate ku UCT ssaako n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo ku nsoma y'ebyafaayo n'ebyobufuzi bya Afirika , nga banonyereza ku nkwatagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'obuwangwa, okugerageranya obufuzi bw'amatwale, entalo ez'omunda mu ggwanga n'ekittabantu mu Afirika".<ref name="uwn20182">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> == Emirimu gy'emirala == Okuva mu 1998 <ref name="bio22">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> oba 1999 okutuuka mu 2002, Mamdani yaweereza nga pulezidenti w'olukiiko olukulaakulanya okunoonyereza ku ssaayansi w'embeera z'abantu mu Afrika ([[:en:Council_for_the_Development_of_Social_Science_Research_in_Africa|Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa]]). <ref name="cas20182">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumineebiri 2001, yawa okwogera ku "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" mu lukungaana lwa [[:en:Nobel_Prize|Nobel Centennial Symposium]] e [[:en:Oslo|Oslo]], Norway. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 December 2001 |title=Speech by Dr. Mahmood Mamdani: "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/mediaplayer/index.php?id=1281 |access-date=24 March 2013 |publisher=Nobel Prize}}</ref> Mu Gwomwenda 2006, Mamdani yali omu ku boogezi abaayitibwa mu lukuŋŋaana lw’ekibiina kya [[:en:Ugandan_North_American_Association_(UNAA)|Uganda North American Association (UNAA)]] mu kibuga New York. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2006-09-05 |title=UNAA Convention was disorganised! |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/news/1141390/unaa-convention-disorganised |access-date=2026-02-18 |publisher=New Vision (Kampala)}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano 2011, mu kiseera ky'okwekalakaasa okwali mu kibangirizi kya Tahrir([[:en:Tahrir_Square_protests|Tahrir Square protests]]) mu kibuga [[:en:Cairo|Cairo]], Misiri, Mamdani yayitibwa okwogerako mu [[:en:American_University_of_Cairo|Yunivasite y’Amerika e Cairo]]. Ng’ayogera eri abayizi mu [[:en:University_of_KwaZulu-Natal|yunivasite y’e KwaZulu-Natal]] mu South Africa mu 2012, kino yakigeraageranya n’obwegugungo obwaliwo mu Soweto ([[:en:1976_Soweto_uprising|Soweto Uprising]]) mu 1976 . <ref name="kwazulu2012">{{Cite web |date=24 April 2012 |title=Address on Receiving an Honorary Doctorate at the University of Kwazulu Natal |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/mesaas/images/faculty/news/Mamdani%20commencement.pdf |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumi 2011, Mamdani (nga bali wamu ne Rhoda Ann Kanaaneh) y'eyali omwogezi omukulu mu lukungaana lw’eggwanga olwasooka olw’abayizi olwa [[:en:Students_for_Justice_in_Palestine|Students for Justice in Palestine]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Silver |first=Carly |date=2011-10-16 |title=Reporting live from the first-ever SJP National Conference |url=https://newvoices.org/2011/10/15/reporting-live-from-the-first-ever-sjp-national-conference/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=New Voices |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nathan-Kazis |first=Josh |date=2011-10-11 |title=Pro-Palestinian Student Activists Plan First National Conference |url=https://forward.com/news/144173/pro-palestinian-student-activists-plan-push/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=The Forward |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2017 yayitibwa okuwa omusomo ku lunaku lwa [[:en:TB_Davie_Memorial_Lecture|TB Davie Memorial]] ku ddembe ly'okusoma mu Yunivasite y'e Cape Town, era emboozi ye, eyatuumibwa "Decolonising the Post-Colonial University" yaleetawo okukubaganya ebirowoozo kungi. <ref name="uwn20183">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="davis20172">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> Okuva mu Gwekkumineebiri 2017 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2018, Mamdani yaweereza nga Rajni Kothari Chair Professor mu [[:en:Centre_for_the_Study_of_Developing_Societies|Center for the Study of Developing Societies]] mu [[:en:Delhi|Delhi,]] Buyindi. Oluvannyuma lw'ekisanja kye okuggwako, nga 4 Ogwokuna 2018 yawa omusomo gwa Rajni Kothari Chair ogutegekebwa buli mwaka, ogwatuumibwa "Okulowooza ku bwenkanya okuyita mu bumanyirivu bw'Afirika mu kyasa eky'amakumi abiri". <ref name="csds2">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Alabikidde mu firimu z’ebyafaayo ng’omukugu okugeza, ''[[:en:Rwanda:_The_Untold_Story|Rwanda: The Untold Story]]'' (2014, [[:en:BBC|BBC]] ), ''The Dictator’s Playbook'' (2018, [[:en:PBS|PBS]] ) ne ''[[:en:How_to_Become_a_Tyrant|How to Become a Tyrant]]'' (2021, [[:en:Netflix|Netflix]]). <ref>{{Cite AV media|url=https://www.pbs.org/video/idi-amin-3ol3rz/|title=The Dictator's Playbook {{!}} Idi Amin {{!}} Episode 6|language=en|publisher=[[PBS]]|via=}}</ref> Yalabikira mu firimu ya [[:en:Cameo_appearance|cameo]] ,mu firimu ya 2012 ''eya [[:en:The_Reluctant_Fundamentalist_(film)|The Reluctant Fundamentalist]]'', eyakulemberwamu mukyala we. <ref>{{Cite AV media|title=[[The Reluctant Fundamentalist]]|date=2012|last=Nair|first=Mira|publisher=[[IFC Films]]}}</ref> Mu 2024, yeegatta ku [[:en:Gaza_tribunal|Gaza Tribunal]], eyagenderera "okuzuukusa ebibiina by'obwannakyewa ku buvunaanyizibwa bwabyo n'okukomya ekittabantu kya Yisirayiri mu Gaza." <ref>{{Cite web |title=Home |url=https://gazatribunal.com/ |access-date=2025-12-07 |website=Gaza Tribunal |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title='Gaza Tribunal' established in London to seek justice for war crimes in Gaza |url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/europe/-gaza-tribunal-established-in-london-to-seek-justice-for-war-crimes-in-gaza/3383887 |access-date=2026-01-07 |website=www.aa.com.tr}}</ref> == Okusiimibwa == Mu 2008, mu kunoonyereza okwakolebwa ku mutimbagano mu lwatu, Mamdani yalondebwa ng'owomwenda ku bantu abagezi abasinga mu nsi yonna ku lukalala lw'abagezigezi 100 okuva mu ''[[:en:Prospect_(magazine)|Prospect Magazine]]'' (UK) ne ''[[:en:Foreign_Policy|Foreign Policy]]'' (US). <ref>{{Cite web |date=2008 |title=The 2008 List |url=http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/prospect-100-intellectuals/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090930143349/http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/prospect-100-intellectuals/ |archive-date=30 September 2009 |publisher=[[Prospect (magazine)|Prospect Magazine]] (UK) / [[Foreign Policy]] (US)}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |date=2008 |title=The World's Top 20 Public Intellectuals |journal=Foreign Policy |publisher=Slate Group, LLC |issue=167 |pages=54–57 |issn=0015-7228 |eissn=1945-2276 |jstor=25462318}}</ref> Mu Gwomusanvu 2017, Mamdani yalondebwa okubeera [[:en:Corresponding_Fellow_of_the_British_Academy|Omukwanaganya wa British Academy (FBA)]], ettendekero ly’eggwanga erya Bungereza erikola ku by’obuntubulamu ne ssaayansi w’embeera z’abantu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 July 2017 |title=Elections to the British Academy celebrate the diversity of UK research |url=http://www.britac.ac.uk/news/elections-british-academy-celebrate-diversity-uk-research |access-date=29 July 2017 |website=British Academy}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano nga 28, 2018 ( [[:en:Africa_Day|Africa Day]] ), Mamdani yalondebwa okuba pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa mu Center for African Studies mu Yunivasite y’e Cape Town. Dayirekita wa CAS [[:en:Lungisile_Ntsebeza|Lungisile Ntsebeza]], okulondebwa kuno yakuyita kwa "byafaayo mu bitongole", era nga kikulu mu nteekateeka y'okufuna obwetwaze bwa yunivasite m okuva mu kwekalakaasa kw'abayizi okwa " [[:en:Rhodes_Must_Fall|Rhodes Must Fall]] " mu Gwokusatu 2015. Abakulembeze b'abayizi bangi baali balaze obukulu bwa Ssikaala ya Mamdani, era okusinziira ku kino, UCT yandibadde ekola enkyukakyuka ez'omuggundu ku ntegeka y'ensoma. <ref name="uwn20184">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="cas20183">{{Cite web|title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT|website=Centre for African Studies, UCT|date=28 May 2018|url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-date=7 November 2025|url-status=live|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Prof Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/contacts/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041546/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/contacts/mahmood-mamdani |archive-date=4 Oct 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Faculty of Humanities}}</ref> == Engule n’okusunsulwa == * 1997: [[:en:Herskovits_Prize|Herskovits Prize]] for ''[[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]''<ref name="cas20184">{{cite web |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT|website=Centre for African Studies, UCT|date=28 May 2018|url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-date=7 November 2025|url-status=live|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> * 1999: [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|University of Cape Town]] Book Award for ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism''<ref>{{cite web |title=UCT Book Award |url=https://www.uct.ac.za/about/honours/bookaward/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130404065845/http://www.uct.ac.za/about/honours/bookaward/ |archive-date=4 April 2013 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[University of Cape Town]]}}</ref> * 2009: GDS Eminent Scholar Award from the [[:en:International_Studies_Association|International Studies Association]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=GDS Eminent Scholar Award Past Recipients |url=https://www.isanet.org/Programs/Awards/GDS-Eminent-Scholar/Past-Recipients |access-date=16 January 2019 |website=www.isanet.org}}</ref> * 2011: [[:en:H._F._Lenfest|Lenfest]] Distinguished Faculty Award<ref>{{cite web |date=15 April 2011 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani Recognized with Lenfest Award |url=http://www.sipa.columbia.edu/news_events/announcements/MahmoodMamdaniFacultyAward04152011.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121221034143/http://sipa.columbia.edu/news_events/announcements/MahmoodMamdaniFacultyAward04152011.html |archive-date=21 December 2012 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[School of International and Public Affairs, Columbia University]]}}</ref> * 2012: Scholar of the Year at the 2nd Annual African Diaspora Awards for his immense contribution to African Scholarship<ref>{{cite web |date=19 November 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani Is To Be Honored As "Scholar of the Year" At The Annual African Diaspora Awards NYC |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/news/prof-mamdani-be-honored-scholar-year-annual-african-diaspora-awards-nyc |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University|MISR]]}}</ref> * 2012: Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012<ref name="diaspora2">{{cite web |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora|title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012|date=29 November 2012|publisher=ugandandiaspora.com|access-date=21 March 2013|archive-date=1 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora|url-status=dead}}</ref> * 2021: ''[[:en:Neither_Settler_Nor_Native:_The_Making_and_Unmaking_of_Permanent_Minorities|Neither Settler Nor Native: The Making and Unmaking of Permanent Minorities]]'' (2020), shortlisted for the [[:en:British_Academy_Book_Prize_for_Global_Cultural_Understanding|British Academy Book Prize for Global Cultural Understanding]], and as "World History Finalist" by Association of American Publishers Awards for Professional and Scholarly Excellence ([[:en:PROSE_Awards|PROSE Awards]])<ref name="bio23">{{cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani|website=Department of Anthropology|url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> == Diguli ez’ekitiibwa == * 25 Ogwokutaano 2010: [[:en:University_of_Johannesburg|University of Johannesburg]], [[:en:DLitt|DLitt]] ([[:en:Honoris_Causa|Honoris Causa]])<ref>{{cite web |date=May 2010 |title=Mahmood Mamdani conferred with an honorary doctorate |url=http://www.uj.ac.za/EN/Newsroom/News/Pages/MahmoodMamdaniconferredwithanhonorarydoctorate201006222.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130421210222/http://www.uj.ac.za/EN/Newsroom/News/Pages/MahmoodMamdaniconferredwithanhonorarydoctorate201006222.aspx |archive-date=21 April 2013 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[University of Johannesburg]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=25 May 2010 |title=Speech delivered by Professor Prof Mahmood Mamdani at the University of Johannesburg, South Africa |url=http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech-2.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501065506/http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech-2.pdf |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[CODESRIA]]}}</ref> * 24 Ogwomusanvu 2010: [[:en:Addis_Ababa_University|Addis Ababa University]], DLitt (Honoris Causa)<ref>{{cite web |date=24 July 2010 |title=Remarks on receipt of Honorary Doctorate at Addis Ababa University |url=http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech_2-2.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501065507/http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech_2-2.pdf |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[CODESRIA]]}}</ref> * 24 Ogwokuna 2012: [[:en:University_of_KwaZulu-Natal|University of KwaZulu-Natal]], DLitt (Honoris Causa)<ref>{{cite web |date=12 April 2012 |title=Media Statement: UKZN To honour leading South Africans and women graduates excel |url=http://www.ukzn.ac.za/docs/media-releases/graduation-2012.docx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305015502/http://www.ukzn.ac.za/docs/media-releases/graduation-2012.docx |archive-date=5 March 2016 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[University of KwaZulu-Natal]] |format=[[MS Word]]}}</ref><ref name="kwazulu20122">{{cite web |date=24 April 2012 |title=Address on Receiving an Honorary Doctorate at the University of Kwazulu Natal |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/mesaas/images/faculty/news/Mamdani%20commencement.pdf |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] fw29dlqr783gx67z5wi7qbh4yhijgjr 48706 48703 2026-05-03T10:15:44Z Charles Kalanzi 9748 48706 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mahmood Mamdani''' [ a ] FBA (yazaalibwa 23 Ogwokuna 1946) munnayuganda [[:en:Anthropologist|omukugu mu by'enkula y'abantu]], munnaby'anjigiriza, era omukugu mu by'obufuzi. Ye Herbert Lehman Pulofeesa wa Gavumenti era pulofeesa w’ensonga z'ekikula ky'abantu, [[:en:Political_science|ssaayansi w’ebyobufuzi]], n’okunoonyereza [[:en:African_studies|ku nsoma y'Afirika]] mu [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]] . Era akola nga Ccansala wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda, era nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa ku Center for African Studis mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y'e Cape Town]] . Emabegako yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole kya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. Mamdani mukugu mu kusoma ebyobufuzi bya Afrika n’ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw’amatwale]] n’oluvannyuma [[:en:Postcolonialism|lw'obufuzi bw’amatwale]], n’ebyobufuzi [[:en:Knowledge_economy|by’ebyenfuna]] . Mufumbo nga mukazi we ye [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]] omuzannyi wa firimu . Ye ne Nair be bazadde ba [[:en:New_York_City_Mayor|Meeya w'ekibuga New York]] [[Zohran Mamdani]] . == Obuto bwe n’okusoma == Mahmood Mamdani yazaalibwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1946 mu [[:en:Bombay|kibuga Bombay]] (kati Mumbai), Buyindi, ng’ebula omwaka gumu [[:en:British_Raj|enfuga ya Bungereza]] ekome. <ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/education/news/mahmood-mamdani-education-and-career-path-how-zohran-mamdanis-father-built-a-legacy-of-revolution-through-ideas-and-exile/articleshow/122064130.cms "Mahmood Mamdani education and career path: How Zohran Mamdani's father built a legacy of revolution through ideas and exile"]. ''The Times of India''. 25 June 2025. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN&nbsp;]][https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-8257 0971-825]7. Retrieved 13 July 2025.</ref> <ref name="codesria">{{Cite web |title=Pr. Mahmood Mamdani (1998-2002) |url=https://codesria.org/pr-mahmood-mamdani-1998-2002/ |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> Yakulira mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=23 February 2021 |title=Mahmood Mamdani on Uganda |url=https://africasacountry.com/2011/04/mamdani-on-uganda |website=Africa is a Country}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Permanent Minorities and the Politics of Survivors: A conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://worldpeacefoundation.org/blog/permanent-minorities-and-the-politics-of-survivors-a-conversation-with-mahmood-mamdani/ |website=World Peace Foundation}}</ref> ng'omu ku [[:en:Indian_diaspora_in_Southeast_Africa|Bayindi ababundabunda mu bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba bwa Afrika]] . Bazadde be bombi, [[:en:Gujarati_Muslim|basiraamu Abagujarati]], baazaalibwa era ne bakulira mu kitundu kya Bungereza eky'amatwale ki [[:en:Tanganyika_Territory|Tanganyika]] (leero Tanzania). Abafumbo bano baagenda e Bombay olwo kitaawe n’asomerayo mu ttendekero ekkulu. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Chen |first=Kuan-Hsing |last2=Gao |first2=Shiming |last3=Tang |first3=Xiaolin |date=2016 |title=The formation of an African intellectual: an interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |journal=Inter-Asia Cultural Studies |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=456–480 |doi=10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref>Muhoozi, Mourice (6 March 2022). [https://www.watchdoguganda.com/news/20220306/131449/meet-ugandas-most-iconic-academician-prof-mahmood-mamdani.html "Meet Uganda's most Iconic academician, Prof. Mahmood Mamdani"]. ''Watchdog Uganda''</ref> Famire yaddayo e [[:en:Dar_es_Salaam|Dar es Salaam]], Tanganyika, nga Mamdani wa myaka ebiri, ne bagenda e Uganda nga wa myaka etaano oba mukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Mu kiseera ekyo, Uganda yali yayawulwamu okusinziira ku mawanga, omuli abantu gye babeera, amasomero, emizikiti, n’ebifo abaana we bazannyira. Okusoma kwe mu pulayimale, Mamdani yasooka kugenda mu [[:en:Madrasa|madarasa]], n’oluvannyuma mu Government Indian Primary School. <ref name=":8"/> Yakula ng'ayogera [[:en:Gujarati_language|Olugujarati]], [[:en:Urdu|Oluurdu]] [[:en:Swahili_language|n'Oluswayiri]] . Yatandika okusoma Olungereza mu kibiina eky’omukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Oluvannyuma lw’okusoma siniya ey’awansi, yasomera ku Old Kampala Senior Secondary School, gye yali omuwandiisi w’ekibiina kya Do-it-Yourself Physics. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uganda: Buganda And Uganda At Crossroads |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090826030635/http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |archive-date=26 August 2009 |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=AllAfrica}}</ref> Mamdani yali omu ku bayizi Bannayuganda 23 abaali mu kibiina kya [[:en:The_Kennedy_Airlift|Kennedy Airlift]] mu 1963, enteekateeka ya sikaala eyaweebwa ssente okuva mu Amerika eyaleetera ebikumi n’ebikumi by'abayizi okuva mu [[:en:East_Africa|Buvanjuba bwa Afrika]] okusomera ku yunivasite mu Amerika ne Canada wakati wa 1959 ne 1963. <ref name="indian tele">{{Cite web |last=Sen |first=Manjula |date=25 January 2009 |title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |archive-date=2 February 2009 |access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref> Mamdani yatikkirwa diguli ya Bachelor of Arts okuva mu [[:en:University_of_Pittsburgh|Yunivasite y’e Pittsburgh]] <ref name="codesria"/> mu 1967. <ref>{{Cite book |date=1 January 2010 |title=International Encyclopedia of Civil Society |url=https://link.springer.com/referencework/10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |vauthors=((Anheier, H. K.)), ((Toepler, S.)) |publisher=Springer US |isbn=978-0-387-93994-0 |editor-last=Anheier |editor-first=Helmut K. |doi=10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |editor-last2=Toepler |editor-first2=Stefan}}</ref> Yali omu ku bayizi abangi mu bukiikakkono bwa Amerika abaali mu lugendo lwa bbaasi mu bukiikaddyo okutuuka e [[:en:Montgomery,_Alabama|Montgomery, Alabama]], olwategekebwa [[:en:Student_Nonviolent_Coordinating_Committee|akakiiko akakwasaganya abayizi abatali ba ffujjo]] mu Gwokusatu 1965 okwetaba mu kaweefube w'okulwanirira [[:en:Civil_rights_movement|eddembe ly’obuntu]] . Kino kyaliwo mu kiseera ky’okutambula okuva e [[:en:Selma_to_Montgomery_marches|Selma okutuuka e Montgomery]], naye nga kyo kya njawulo. Yasibibwa mu kkomera mu kutambula kuno era n’akkirizibwa okukuba essimu. Mamdani yakubira [[:en:Embassy_of_Uganda,_Washington,_D.C.|omubaka wa Uganda]] e [[:en:Washington,_DC|Washington, DC]], amuyambe. Omubaka yamubuuza lwaki "ayingirira ensonga z'omunda mu nsi engwira", n'amuddamu nti teyali nsonga ya munda wabula olutalo lw'eddembe era nti nabo eddembe lyabwe baali bakalifuna omwaka ogwakaggwa. <ref name="pambazuka">{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=28 April 2007 |title=The Asian question again: A reflection |url=http://www.pambazuka.org/en/category/comment/41273 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]] (Uganda) |via=pambazuka.org}}</ref> Amangu ddala nga wayiseewo akaseera katono, Mamdani yategeera ku mulimu gwa [[:en:Karl_Marx|Karl Marx]] okuva mu kukyala kwe ku FBI. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Shringarpure |first=Bhakti |author-link=Bhakti Shringarpure |date=15 July 2013 |title=In Conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.warscapes.com/conversations/conversation-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=6 November 2017 |website=Warscapes |language=en |quote=I thought the guy Marx had just died. […] So that was my introduction to Karl Marx.}}</ref> Yasomera ku [[:en:Fletcher_School_of_Law_and_Diplomacy|Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy]] mu [[:en:Tufts_University|Yunivasite ya Tufts]] era mu 1968 yatikkirwa diguli ya Master of Arts mu [[:en:Political_science|byobufuzi]] ne Master of Arts mu mateeka ne diplomacy mu 1969. Yafuna diguli ye [[:en:Doctor_of_philosophy|eyookusatu]] mu gavumenti okuva mu [[:en:Harvard_University|Yunivasite y'e Harvard]] mu 1974, wansi w’obulagirizi bwa [[:en:Karl_Deutsch|Karl Deutsch]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and class formation in Uganda |url=http://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=978-0-85345-378-9 |location=New York |via=Internet Archive}}</ref> Omulamwa kw'eyatambuliza ddiguli ye eyookusatu yagiwa omutwe "''Politics and Class Formation in Uganda."'' <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and Class Formation in Uganda |url=https://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=0-85345-378-0 |location=New York |oclc=2073894 |url-access=registration}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Allen |first=Judith Van |last2=Mamdani |first2=Mahmood |last3=Shivji |first3=Issa G. |date=November 1977 |title=Reviewed Works: Politics and Class Formation in Uganda. by Mahmood Mamdani; Class Struggles in Tanzania. by Issa G. Shivji |journal=Contemporary Sociology |publisher=American Sociological Association |volume=6 |issue=6 |pages=702 |doi=10.2307/2066367 |issn=0094-3061 |eissn=1939-8638 |jstor=2066367}}</ref> == Emirimu gye == Mamdani yakomawo mu Uganda ku ntandikwa ya 1972 era naweebwa omulimu ku [[Makerere University, Uganda|yunivasite y'e Makerere]] mu Kampala [[:en:Teaching_assistant|ng'ayambako omusomesa]], mu kiseera kye kimu yali akola ku kunoonyereza kwe okwa ddiguli eyookusatu. . Ye n’Abaasia abasinga obungi [[:en:Expulsion_of_Asians_from_Uganda|baagobebwa]] mu Uganda ku nkomerero y’omwaka ogwo [[Idi Amin]] olw’amawanga gaabwe; Amin yali agenderera "kuzzaawo" bizinensi n'ebintu. Mamdani yava mu Uganda n’agenda mu nkambi y’ababundabunda mu Bungereza ku ntandikwa y'omwezi Gwekkuminoogumu. <ref name="lrb2022">{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2022-10-06 |title=The Asian Question |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v44/n19/mahmood-mamdani/the-asian-question |journal=[[London Review of Books]] |language=en |volume=44 |issue=19 |issn=0260-9592 |access-date=2025-09-08}}</ref> Yava e Bungereza mu makkati ga 1973 oluvannyuma lw’okuyingizibwa mu [[:en:University_of_Dar_es_Salaam|Yunivasite y’e Dar es Salaam]] mu Tanzania. <ref name="pambazuka"/> <ref name="cas2018">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> <ref name="bio2">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> Mu Dar es Salaam, yamaliriza okuwandiika dissertation ye. Yali mujjumbize nnyo n’ebibiina ebiwakanya Amin. Mu 1979, yeetaba mu Ttabamiruka w’e Moshi ng’omutunuulizi. Yaddayo mu Uganda oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa ku bukulembeze oluvannyuma lw'olutalo lwa [[Olutalo lwa Uganda ne Tanzania|Uganda ne Tanzania]] mu 1979. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McCormack |first=Pete |date=17 October 2005 |title=Interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.petemccormack.com/interview_mamdani_001.htm |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=petemccormack.com}}</ref> <ref name="bio2" /> Mu kiseera kino, yakozesebwa ng'omutendeke mu kibiina kya [[:en:All_Africa_Conference_of_Churches|All Africa Conference of Churches]], omukago [[:en:Ecumenical_Christian|gw'Abakristaayo ogw'ensi yonna]] ogusangibwa e [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, ng'akolera mu ofiisi [[:en:Church_of_Uganda|y'Ekkanisa ya Uganda]] mu Kampala. <ref name="lrb2022"/> Okuva mu 1980 (oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa mu ntebe mu 1979) okutuuka mu 1993 yaddamu okukolera yunivasite y’e Makerere. <ref name="bio2"/> <ref name="lrb2022"/>​[[Milton Obote|​]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kagolo |first=Francis |date=8 February 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani to be honoured among Africa's best |url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/628869-prof-mamdani-to-be-honoured-among-africa-s-best.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]]}}</ref> Yaddayo e Dar es Salaam. Oluvannyuma lwa Obote okugobwa mu ntebe omulundi ogwokubiri, Mamdani yaddamu okudda mu Uganda mu Gwomukaaga 1986. <ref name="indian tele"/> Yali dayirekita eyatandikawo ekitongole kya Centre for Basic Research (CBR), ekitongole kya Uganda ekitali kya gavumenti ekyasooka mu kunoonyereza, mwe yaweereza okuva mu 1987 okutuuka mu 1996. <ref name="diaspora">{{Cite web |date=29 November 2012 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012 |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=ugandandiaspora.com}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> <ref name="csds">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Yaliko pulofeesa omugenyi ku [[:en:University_of_Durban-Westville|Yunivasite y’e Durban]] - [[:en:Westville,_KwaZulu-Natal|Westville]] mu South Africa (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka mu Gwomukaaga 1993), ku [[:en:Nehru_Memorial_Museum_&_Library|Nehru Memorial Museum & Library]] e New Delhi (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka Gwomukaaga 1995), ne mu [[:en:Princeton_University|Yunivasite y'e Princeton]] (1995–96). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vance |first=Dara |date=2015-11-20 |title=UK Committee on Social Theory Hosts Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://uknow.uky.edu/uk-happenings/uk-committee-social-theory-hosts-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=UKNow}}</ref> Mu 1996, yalondebwa okubeera omukulembeze w’entebe ya [[:en:Archibald_Campbell_Jordan|AC Jordan]] ey'ensoma y'Afirika mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y’e Cape Town]], <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 March 2011 |title=UCT in war over 'bantu education' |url=http://mg.co.za/article/2011-03-11-uct-in-war-over-bantu-education |access-date=22 March 2013}}</ref> era ku ntandikwa ya 1997 n’afuuka akulira [[:en:Centre_for_African_Studies|ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku by'ensoma y'Afirika]] (CAS). <ref name="uwn2018">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> Yavaawo oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obutakkaanya n'abasomesa (abasinga obungi abazungu) ku bbago ly'ensoma ye ey'omusomo ogw'omusingi ku Afrika oguyitibwa "Problematising Africa". <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=June 1, 1998 |title=Is African studies to be turned into a new home for Bantu education at UCT? |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/02533959808458649 |journal=Social Dynamics |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=63–75 |doi=10.1080/02533959808458649 |issn=0253-3952 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> Mamdani, eyalaga nti ensoma eriwo eya " [[:en:Bantu_Education_Act,_1953|Bantu studies]] " (mu kujjuliza ku kusomesa Abaddugavu wansi w'enfuga [[:en:Apartheid|y'obusosoze]] ) <ref name="cas2018" /> yayimirizibwa era okukkakkana ng'alekulidde. <ref name="davis2017">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> "Ensonga ya Mamdani" ekyayogerwako mu kukubaganya ebirowoozo ku [[:en:Decolonization_of_higher_education_in_South_Africa|kununula amatendekero aga waggulu okuva mu nsoma y'abamatwale]] . Oluvannyuma yagamba nti teyalina busungu ku muntu yenna, era yalina enkolagana ennungi ekiseera kye yamalayo. Yagamba nti obutakwatagana bwali ku njawulo mu ndowooza n'addala ensengeka y’ensoma ku bikwata ku kusoma South Africa ng’ensi ya Afrika. Oluvannyuma (2018) yakomezebwawo nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa asuutibwa. [ b ] <ref name="uwn2018" /> Mu 1999, Mamdani yalondebwa okuba dayirekita w’ekitongole ekikola ku by’okunoonyereza ku Afirika mu yunivasite ya Columbia, ekifo kye yalina okutuusa mu 2004. <ref name="uwn2018"/> Okuva olwo abadde asomesa eyo (nga 2025). <ref name="haag2025">{{Cite web |last=Haag |first=Matthew |last2=Goldberg |first2=Emma |date=27 June 2025 |title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |archive-date=7 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku mbeera z’abantu ekya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=18 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University]] |archive-date=2 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002055113/http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Agaba |first=John |title=Mamdani talks about his research legacy and work at Makerere |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20220329112608625 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="bio2"/> Okutuuka mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2025 [[:en:Columbia_University#Academics|pulofeesa wa Herbert Lehman mu Gavumenti]] era pulofeesa ku nkula y'abantu, okusoma saayansi w'ebyobufuzi [[:en:African_studies|n'okusoma ku Afirika]] ku [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]].<ref name="bio2" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Faculty Bio: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/anthropology/fac-bios/mamdani/faculty.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Era akola nga chancellor wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://kiu.ac.ug/news-page.php?i=press-release-kampala-international-university-kiu-appoints-prof-mahmood-mamdani-as-chancellor |access-date=24 August 2020 |publisher=[[Kampala International University]]}}</ref> == Okunoonyereza n'okuwandiika == Mamdani yeemalira mu kunoonyereza ku byobufuzi bya Afirika n'eby'ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw'amatwale]] [[:en:Postcolonialism|n'oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale]], n'ebyobufuzi by'ebyenfuna. Ebitabo bye byekenneenya enkolagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'ebyobuwangwa, okugeraageranya [[:en:Colonialism|okufugibwa kw'amatwale]] okuva mu 1452, ebyafaayo by'entalo z'omunda [[:en:Genocide|n'ekitta bantu]] mu Afirika, [[:en:Cold_War|Olutalo olw'Ensi Yonna olw'ebigambo]] [[:en:War_on_terror|n'olutalo ku butujju]], n'ebyafaayo by'eddembe ly'obuntu.<ref>vSneh, Itai Nartzizenfield (2008). [https://books.google.com/books?id=iax4AAAAMAAJ ''The Future Almost Arrived: How Jimmy Carter Failed to Change U.S. Foreign Policy''.] [[:en:Peter_Lang_(publishing_company)|Peter Lang]]. p. 169. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780820481852|9780820481852]]</bdi>.</ref> Okunoonyereza kwe okw'omwaka 2016 kwatandikira ku kitabo kye eky'omwaka 1996, [[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]. <ref>[http://polisci.columbia.edu/people/profile/96 "Mahmood Mamdani | Department of Political Science"]. ''polisci.columbia.edu''. Retrieved 21 January 2016.</ref>Mu kitabo ekyo, yagamba nti eggwanga eryafugibwa terisobola kutegeerwa nga tewekenenyeza bulungi eggwanga eryalifuga.Enkola y'obufuzi bw'amatwale mu Afirika yali eddamu okusoomoozebwa kw'ekibuuzo "ekikulu", era yagamba nti yafuuka "amawanga agaabuluziddwamu".<ref name=":0">Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. pp. 15–16. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|<bdi>9780852553992</bdi>.]]</ref>Kino kyali kikolebwa mu ngeri bbiri: ku ludda olumu nga bafuga butereevu, nga kino kyali kikolwa kya "buyinza" era nga kyali kigenderera okuggya abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo ku ddembe ly'obuntu eryali liweebwa abatuuze mu bitundu ebirala, ate ku ludda olulala nga bafuga mu ngeri etali y'abuteerevu, nga kino kyali kikolebwa mu byalo era nga kizingiramu okuyingiza "bannansi" mu "mateeka g'eggwanga" agaateekebwawo ab'obuyinza mu byalo, era nga kino yakiyita "obwannakyemalira obw'okugabanya obuyinza".<ref name=":0" /> Embeera eno yali "yakusika muguwa" era ng'erimu "engeri bbiri ez'obuyinza wansi w'obuyinza obumu".<ref name=":0" /> Oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale, ebibuga byali tebikyayawulamu bantu lwa langi naye ebyalo byali bikyafugibwa abakulembeze abaali mu nkwawa z'abafuzi b'amatwale, ka babe abakulembeze ab'ennono oba b'ebali bakwasizzaobuyinza nga balina ebiruubirirwa by'okufugisa omukono ogw'ekyuma.<ref>Clapham, Chris (1997). "Review: Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism by Mahmood Mamdani'". ''Royal Institute of International Affairs''. '''73''': 606.</ref>Mu ngeri eno obukulembeze bwonna bwaleeta enjawukana mu mawnga era n'ekutondawo obukulembeze bwabwe obw'enjawulo obwannakyemalira.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref> Mamdani yekennenya ebyafaayo mu South Africa ne Uganda okulaga nti obufuzi bw'amatwale bwakozesa obuyinza obuyitiridde era obuyinza obwo bweyongera okubaawo oluvannyuma lw'ameefuga.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. p. 37. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref>Ng’asomooza endowooza eza bulijjo ku busosoze mu South Afrika nga ez’enjawulo, agamba nti [[:en:Apartheid|obusosoze mu mawanga]] bwali ngeri ya bulijjo ey’ettwale lya Bulaaya mu Africa, nga lizingiramu ensonga [[:en:Indirect_rule|z’obufuzi obutali butereevu]] n’okukwatagana<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1 January 1996 |title=Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism |isbn=9780852553992 |pages=16–18}}</ref> Mu kitabo kye ekyafulumizibwa mu 2004 ekya ''Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: America, the Cold War, and the Roots of Terror'' Mamdani yagamba nti [[:en:Suicide_attack|abeetuze]] balina okumanyibwa "ng'ekika ky'omujaasi" era nti balina "okutegeerwa mu ngeri y'effujjo ly'ebyobufuzi ery'omulembe guno okusinga okuvumwavumwa ng'akabonero k'obukambwe". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bickerton |first=James |date=2025-07-11 |title=Zohran Mamdani's father's remark about suicide bombers comes under scrutiny |url=https://www.newsweek.com/zohran-mamdani-father-remark-about-suicide-bombers-comes-under-scrutiny-2097793 |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref> Omuyivu omu yagamba nti kino si kuwagira kwettisa bbomu wabula kwekenneenya okwanenya '"okusalawo kwa Amerika ku nkola y'ensonga z'ebweru naddala mu kiseera ky'olutalo olw'ebigambo", okutondawo embeera [[:en:Islamic_extremism|y'Obusiraamu obw'annalukalala]] [[:en:Political_violence|n'effujjo mu byobufuzi]] " mwe byakulaakulanira. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Murray |first=Conor |date=Jul 11, 2025 |title=Mahmood Mamdani's Work Does Not Advocate Violence, Expert Says |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/conormurray/2025/07/11/sequoias-maguire-unfairly-targets-zohran-mamdanis-father-fellow-academic-says/ |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko bye bifulumiddde mu ''[[:en:London_Review_of_Books|London Review of Books]]'' n'ekampuni ezifulumya ebitabo ebirala.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/contributors/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=London Review of Books |language=en-GB}}</ref> Okusinziira ku CAS, ebiwandiiko bya Mamdani "bibadde bikulu mu kusomebwa abayizi abali ku misomo gyabwe egya undergraduate ne Postgraduate ku UCT ssaako n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo ku nsoma y'ebyafaayo n'ebyobufuzi bya Afirika , nga banonyereza ku nkwatagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'obuwangwa, okugerageranya obufuzi bw'amatwale, entalo ez'omunda mu ggwanga n'ekittabantu mu Afirika".<ref name="uwn20182">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> == Emirimu gy'emirala == Okuva mu 1998 <ref name="bio22">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> oba 1999 okutuuka mu 2002, Mamdani yaweereza nga pulezidenti w'olukiiko olukulaakulanya okunoonyereza ku ssaayansi w'embeera z'abantu mu Afrika ([[:en:Council_for_the_Development_of_Social_Science_Research_in_Africa|Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa]]). <ref name="cas20182">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumineebiri 2001, yawa okwogera ku "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" mu lukungaana lwa [[:en:Nobel_Prize|Nobel Centennial Symposium]] e [[:en:Oslo|Oslo]], Norway. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 December 2001 |title=Speech by Dr. Mahmood Mamdani: "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/mediaplayer/index.php?id=1281 |access-date=24 March 2013 |publisher=Nobel Prize}}</ref> Mu Gwomwenda 2006, Mamdani yali omu ku boogezi abaayitibwa mu lukuŋŋaana lw’ekibiina kya [[:en:Ugandan_North_American_Association_(UNAA)|Uganda North American Association (UNAA)]] mu kibuga New York. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2006-09-05 |title=UNAA Convention was disorganised! |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/news/1141390/unaa-convention-disorganised |access-date=2026-02-18 |publisher=New Vision (Kampala)}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano 2011, mu kiseera ky'okwekalakaasa okwali mu kibangirizi kya Tahrir([[:en:Tahrir_Square_protests|Tahrir Square protests]]) mu kibuga [[:en:Cairo|Cairo]], Misiri, Mamdani yayitibwa okwogerako mu [[:en:American_University_of_Cairo|Yunivasite y’Amerika e Cairo]]. Ng’ayogera eri abayizi mu [[:en:University_of_KwaZulu-Natal|yunivasite y’e KwaZulu-Natal]] mu South Africa mu 2012, kino yakigeraageranya n’obwegugungo obwaliwo mu Soweto ([[:en:1976_Soweto_uprising|Soweto Uprising]]) mu 1976 . <ref name="kwazulu2012">{{Cite web |date=24 April 2012 |title=Address on Receiving an Honorary Doctorate at the University of Kwazulu Natal |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/mesaas/images/faculty/news/Mamdani%20commencement.pdf |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumi 2011, Mamdani (nga bali wamu ne Rhoda Ann Kanaaneh) y'eyali omwogezi omukulu mu lukungaana lw’eggwanga olwasooka olw’abayizi olwa [[:en:Students_for_Justice_in_Palestine|Students for Justice in Palestine]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Silver |first=Carly |date=2011-10-16 |title=Reporting live from the first-ever SJP National Conference |url=https://newvoices.org/2011/10/15/reporting-live-from-the-first-ever-sjp-national-conference/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=New Voices |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nathan-Kazis |first=Josh |date=2011-10-11 |title=Pro-Palestinian Student Activists Plan First National Conference |url=https://forward.com/news/144173/pro-palestinian-student-activists-plan-push/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=The Forward |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2017 yayitibwa okuwa omusomo ku lunaku lwa [[:en:TB_Davie_Memorial_Lecture|TB Davie Memorial]] ku ddembe ly'okusoma mu Yunivasite y'e Cape Town, era emboozi ye, eyatuumibwa "Decolonising the Post-Colonial University" yaleetawo okukubaganya ebirowoozo kungi. <ref name="uwn20183">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="davis20172">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> Okuva mu Gwekkumineebiri 2017 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2018, Mamdani yaweereza nga Rajni Kothari Chair Professor mu [[:en:Centre_for_the_Study_of_Developing_Societies|Center for the Study of Developing Societies]] mu [[:en:Delhi|Delhi,]] Buyindi. Oluvannyuma lw'ekisanja kye okuggwako, nga 4 Ogwokuna 2018 yawa omusomo gwa Rajni Kothari Chair ogutegekebwa buli mwaka, ogwatuumibwa "Okulowooza ku bwenkanya okuyita mu bumanyirivu bw'Afirika mu kyasa eky'amakumi abiri". <ref name="csds2">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Alabikidde mu firimu z’ebyafaayo ng’omukugu okugeza, ''[[:en:Rwanda:_The_Untold_Story|Rwanda: The Untold Story]]'' (2014, [[:en:BBC|BBC]] ), ''The Dictator’s Playbook'' (2018, [[:en:PBS|PBS]] ) ne ''[[:en:How_to_Become_a_Tyrant|How to Become a Tyrant]]'' (2021, [[:en:Netflix|Netflix]]). <ref>{{Cite AV media|url=https://www.pbs.org/video/idi-amin-3ol3rz/|title=The Dictator's Playbook {{!}} Idi Amin {{!}} Episode 6|language=en|publisher=[[PBS]]|via=}}</ref> Yalabikira mu firimu ya [[:en:Cameo_appearance|cameo]] ,mu firimu ya 2012 ''eya [[:en:The_Reluctant_Fundamentalist_(film)|The Reluctant Fundamentalist]]'', eyakulemberwamu mukyala we. <ref>{{Cite AV media|title=[[The Reluctant Fundamentalist]]|date=2012|last=Nair|first=Mira|publisher=[[IFC Films]]}}</ref> Mu 2024, yeegatta ku [[:en:Gaza_tribunal|Gaza Tribunal]], eyagenderera "okuzuukusa ebibiina by'obwannakyewa ku buvunaanyizibwa bwabyo n'okukomya ekittabantu kya Yisirayiri mu Gaza." <ref>{{Cite web |title=Home |url=https://gazatribunal.com/ |access-date=2025-12-07 |website=Gaza Tribunal |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title='Gaza Tribunal' established in London to seek justice for war crimes in Gaza |url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/europe/-gaza-tribunal-established-in-london-to-seek-justice-for-war-crimes-in-gaza/3383887 |access-date=2026-01-07 |website=www.aa.com.tr}}</ref> == Okusiimibwa == Mu 2008, mu kunoonyereza okwakolebwa ku mutimbagano mu lwatu, Mamdani yalondebwa ng'owomwenda ku bantu abagezi abasinga mu nsi yonna ku lukalala lw'abagezigezi 100 okuva mu ''[[:en:Prospect_(magazine)|Prospect Magazine]]'' (UK) ne ''[[:en:Foreign_Policy|Foreign Policy]]'' (US). <ref>{{Cite web |date=2008 |title=The 2008 List |url=http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/prospect-100-intellectuals/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090930143349/http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/prospect-100-intellectuals/ |archive-date=30 September 2009 |publisher=[[Prospect (magazine)|Prospect Magazine]] (UK) / [[Foreign Policy]] (US)}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |date=2008 |title=The World's Top 20 Public Intellectuals |journal=Foreign Policy |publisher=Slate Group, LLC |issue=167 |pages=54–57 |issn=0015-7228 |eissn=1945-2276 |jstor=25462318}}</ref> Mu Gwomusanvu 2017, Mamdani yalondebwa okubeera [[:en:Corresponding_Fellow_of_the_British_Academy|Omukwanaganya wa British Academy (FBA)]], ettendekero ly’eggwanga erya Bungereza erikola ku by’obuntubulamu ne ssaayansi w’embeera z’abantu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 July 2017 |title=Elections to the British Academy celebrate the diversity of UK research |url=http://www.britac.ac.uk/news/elections-british-academy-celebrate-diversity-uk-research |access-date=29 July 2017 |website=British Academy}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano nga 28, 2018 ( [[:en:Africa_Day|Africa Day]] ), Mamdani yalondebwa okuba pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa mu Center for African Studies mu Yunivasite y’e Cape Town. Dayirekita wa CAS [[:en:Lungisile_Ntsebeza|Lungisile Ntsebeza]], okulondebwa kuno yakuyita kwa "byafaayo mu bitongole", era nga kikulu mu nteekateeka y'okufuna obwetwaze bwa yunivasite m okuva mu kwekalakaasa kw'abayizi okwa " [[:en:Rhodes_Must_Fall|Rhodes Must Fall]] " mu Gwokusatu 2015. Abakulembeze b'abayizi bangi baali balaze obukulu bwa Ssikaala ya Mamdani, era okusinziira ku kino, UCT yandibadde ekola enkyukakyuka ez'omuggundu ku ntegeka y'ensoma. <ref name="uwn20184">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="cas20183">{{Cite web|title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT|website=Centre for African Studies, UCT|date=28 May 2018|url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-date=7 November 2025|url-status=live|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Prof Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/contacts/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041546/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/contacts/mahmood-mamdani |archive-date=4 Oct 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Faculty of Humanities}}</ref> === Engule n’okusunsulwa === * 1997: [[:en:Herskovits_Prize|Herskovits Prize]] for ''[[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]''<ref name="cas20184">{{cite web |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT|website=Centre for African Studies, UCT|date=28 May 2018|url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-date=7 November 2025|url-status=live|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> * 1999: [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|University of Cape Town]] Book Award for ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism''<ref>{{cite web |title=UCT Book Award |url=https://www.uct.ac.za/about/honours/bookaward/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130404065845/http://www.uct.ac.za/about/honours/bookaward/ |archive-date=4 April 2013 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[University of Cape Town]]}}</ref> * 2009: GDS Eminent Scholar Award from the [[:en:International_Studies_Association|International Studies Association]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=GDS Eminent Scholar Award Past Recipients |url=https://www.isanet.org/Programs/Awards/GDS-Eminent-Scholar/Past-Recipients |access-date=16 January 2019 |website=www.isanet.org}}</ref> * 2011: [[:en:H._F._Lenfest|Lenfest]] Distinguished Faculty Award<ref>{{cite web |date=15 April 2011 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani Recognized with Lenfest Award |url=http://www.sipa.columbia.edu/news_events/announcements/MahmoodMamdaniFacultyAward04152011.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121221034143/http://sipa.columbia.edu/news_events/announcements/MahmoodMamdaniFacultyAward04152011.html |archive-date=21 December 2012 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[School of International and Public Affairs, Columbia University]]}}</ref> * 2012: Scholar of the Year at the 2nd Annual African Diaspora Awards for his immense contribution to African Scholarship<ref>{{cite web |date=19 November 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani Is To Be Honored As "Scholar of the Year" At The Annual African Diaspora Awards NYC |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/news/prof-mamdani-be-honored-scholar-year-annual-african-diaspora-awards-nyc |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University|MISR]]}}</ref> * 2012: Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012<ref name="diaspora2">{{cite web |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora|title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012|date=29 November 2012|publisher=ugandandiaspora.com|access-date=21 March 2013|archive-date=1 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora|url-status=dead}}</ref> * 2021: ''[[:en:Neither_Settler_Nor_Native:_The_Making_and_Unmaking_of_Permanent_Minorities|Neither Settler Nor Native: The Making and Unmaking of Permanent Minorities]]'' (2020), shortlisted for the [[:en:British_Academy_Book_Prize_for_Global_Cultural_Understanding|British Academy Book Prize for Global Cultural Understanding]], and as "World History Finalist" by Association of American Publishers Awards for Professional and Scholarly Excellence ([[:en:PROSE_Awards|PROSE Awards]])<ref name="bio23">{{cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani|website=Department of Anthropology|url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> === Diguli ez’ekitiibwa === * 25 Ogwokutaano 2010: [[:en:University_of_Johannesburg|University of Johannesburg]], [[:en:DLitt|DLitt]] ([[:en:Honoris_Causa|Honoris Causa]])<ref>{{cite web |date=May 2010 |title=Mahmood Mamdani conferred with an honorary doctorate |url=http://www.uj.ac.za/EN/Newsroom/News/Pages/MahmoodMamdaniconferredwithanhonorarydoctorate201006222.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130421210222/http://www.uj.ac.za/EN/Newsroom/News/Pages/MahmoodMamdaniconferredwithanhonorarydoctorate201006222.aspx |archive-date=21 April 2013 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[University of Johannesburg]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=25 May 2010 |title=Speech delivered by Professor Prof Mahmood Mamdani at the University of Johannesburg, South Africa |url=http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech-2.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501065506/http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech-2.pdf |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[CODESRIA]]}}</ref> * 24 Ogwomusanvu 2010: [[:en:Addis_Ababa_University|Addis Ababa University]], DLitt (Honoris Causa)<ref>{{cite web |date=24 July 2010 |title=Remarks on receipt of Honorary Doctorate at Addis Ababa University |url=http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech_2-2.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501065507/http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech_2-2.pdf |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[CODESRIA]]}}</ref> * 24 Ogwokuna 2012: [[:en:University_of_KwaZulu-Natal|University of KwaZulu-Natal]], DLitt (Honoris Causa)<ref>{{cite web |date=12 April 2012 |title=Media Statement: UKZN To honour leading South Africans and women graduates excel |url=http://www.ukzn.ac.za/docs/media-releases/graduation-2012.docx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305015502/http://www.ukzn.ac.za/docs/media-releases/graduation-2012.docx |archive-date=5 March 2016 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[University of KwaZulu-Natal]] |format=[[MS Word]]}}</ref><ref name="kwazulu20122">{{cite web |date=24 April 2012 |title=Address on Receiving an Honorary Doctorate at the University of Kwazulu Natal |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/mesaas/images/faculty/news/Mamdani%20commencement.pdf |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> == Obulamu bwe ng'omuntu == == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] fseccpkuxfyeeqz0qfyd8qd337j9ayq 48708 48706 2026-05-03T10:17:27Z Charles Kalanzi 9748 48708 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mahmood Mamdani''' [ a ] FBA (yazaalibwa 23 Ogwokuna 1946) munnayuganda [[:en:Anthropologist|omukugu mu by'enkula y'abantu]], munnaby'anjigiriza, era omukugu mu by'obufuzi. Ye Herbert Lehman Pulofeesa wa Gavumenti era pulofeesa w’ensonga z'ekikula ky'abantu, [[:en:Political_science|ssaayansi w’ebyobufuzi]], n’okunoonyereza [[:en:African_studies|ku nsoma y'Afirika]] mu [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]] . Era akola nga Ccansala wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda, era nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa ku Center for African Studis mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y'e Cape Town]] . Emabegako yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole kya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. Mamdani mukugu mu kusoma ebyobufuzi bya Afrika n’ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw’amatwale]] n’oluvannyuma [[:en:Postcolonialism|lw'obufuzi bw’amatwale]], n’ebyobufuzi [[:en:Knowledge_economy|by’ebyenfuna]] . Mufumbo nga mukazi we ye [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]] omuzannyi wa firimu . Ye ne Nair be bazadde ba [[:en:New_York_City_Mayor|Meeya w'ekibuga New York]] [[Zohran Mamdani]] . == Obuto bwe n’okusoma == Mahmood Mamdani yazaalibwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1946 mu [[:en:Bombay|kibuga Bombay]] (kati Mumbai), Buyindi, ng’ebula omwaka gumu [[:en:British_Raj|enfuga ya Bungereza]] ekome. <ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/education/news/mahmood-mamdani-education-and-career-path-how-zohran-mamdanis-father-built-a-legacy-of-revolution-through-ideas-and-exile/articleshow/122064130.cms "Mahmood Mamdani education and career path: How Zohran Mamdani's father built a legacy of revolution through ideas and exile"]. ''The Times of India''. 25 June 2025. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN&nbsp;]][https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-8257 0971-825]7. Retrieved 13 July 2025.</ref> <ref name="codesria">{{Cite web |title=Pr. Mahmood Mamdani (1998-2002) |url=https://codesria.org/pr-mahmood-mamdani-1998-2002/ |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> Yakulira mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=23 February 2021 |title=Mahmood Mamdani on Uganda |url=https://africasacountry.com/2011/04/mamdani-on-uganda |website=Africa is a Country}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Permanent Minorities and the Politics of Survivors: A conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://worldpeacefoundation.org/blog/permanent-minorities-and-the-politics-of-survivors-a-conversation-with-mahmood-mamdani/ |website=World Peace Foundation}}</ref> ng'omu ku [[:en:Indian_diaspora_in_Southeast_Africa|Bayindi ababundabunda mu bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba bwa Afrika]] . Bazadde be bombi, [[:en:Gujarati_Muslim|basiraamu Abagujarati]], baazaalibwa era ne bakulira mu kitundu kya Bungereza eky'amatwale ki [[:en:Tanganyika_Territory|Tanganyika]] (leero Tanzania). Abafumbo bano baagenda e Bombay olwo kitaawe n’asomerayo mu ttendekero ekkulu. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Chen |first=Kuan-Hsing |last2=Gao |first2=Shiming |last3=Tang |first3=Xiaolin |date=2016 |title=The formation of an African intellectual: an interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |journal=Inter-Asia Cultural Studies |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=456–480 |doi=10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref>Muhoozi, Mourice (6 March 2022). [https://www.watchdoguganda.com/news/20220306/131449/meet-ugandas-most-iconic-academician-prof-mahmood-mamdani.html "Meet Uganda's most Iconic academician, Prof. Mahmood Mamdani"]. ''Watchdog Uganda''</ref> Famire yaddayo e [[:en:Dar_es_Salaam|Dar es Salaam]], Tanganyika, nga Mamdani wa myaka ebiri, ne bagenda e Uganda nga wa myaka etaano oba mukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Mu kiseera ekyo, Uganda yali yayawulwamu okusinziira ku mawanga, omuli abantu gye babeera, amasomero, emizikiti, n’ebifo abaana we bazannyira. Okusoma kwe mu pulayimale, Mamdani yasooka kugenda mu [[:en:Madrasa|madarasa]], n’oluvannyuma mu Government Indian Primary School. <ref name=":8"/> Yakula ng'ayogera [[:en:Gujarati_language|Olugujarati]], [[:en:Urdu|Oluurdu]] [[:en:Swahili_language|n'Oluswayiri]] . Yatandika okusoma Olungereza mu kibiina eky’omukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Oluvannyuma lw’okusoma siniya ey’awansi, yasomera ku Old Kampala Senior Secondary School, gye yali omuwandiisi w’ekibiina kya Do-it-Yourself Physics. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uganda: Buganda And Uganda At Crossroads |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090826030635/http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |archive-date=26 August 2009 |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=AllAfrica}}</ref> Mamdani yali omu ku bayizi Bannayuganda 23 abaali mu kibiina kya [[:en:The_Kennedy_Airlift|Kennedy Airlift]] mu 1963, enteekateeka ya sikaala eyaweebwa ssente okuva mu Amerika eyaleetera ebikumi n’ebikumi by'abayizi okuva mu [[:en:East_Africa|Buvanjuba bwa Afrika]] okusomera ku yunivasite mu Amerika ne Canada wakati wa 1959 ne 1963. <ref name="indian tele">{{Cite web |last=Sen |first=Manjula |date=25 January 2009 |title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |archive-date=2 February 2009 |access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref> Mamdani yatikkirwa diguli ya Bachelor of Arts okuva mu [[:en:University_of_Pittsburgh|Yunivasite y’e Pittsburgh]] <ref name="codesria"/> mu 1967. <ref>{{Cite book |date=1 January 2010 |title=International Encyclopedia of Civil Society |url=https://link.springer.com/referencework/10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |vauthors=((Anheier, H. K.)), ((Toepler, S.)) |publisher=Springer US |isbn=978-0-387-93994-0 |editor-last=Anheier |editor-first=Helmut K. |doi=10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |editor-last2=Toepler |editor-first2=Stefan}}</ref> Yali omu ku bayizi abangi mu bukiikakkono bwa Amerika abaali mu lugendo lwa bbaasi mu bukiikaddyo okutuuka e [[:en:Montgomery,_Alabama|Montgomery, Alabama]], olwategekebwa [[:en:Student_Nonviolent_Coordinating_Committee|akakiiko akakwasaganya abayizi abatali ba ffujjo]] mu Gwokusatu 1965 okwetaba mu kaweefube w'okulwanirira [[:en:Civil_rights_movement|eddembe ly’obuntu]] . Kino kyaliwo mu kiseera ky’okutambula okuva e [[:en:Selma_to_Montgomery_marches|Selma okutuuka e Montgomery]], naye nga kyo kya njawulo. Yasibibwa mu kkomera mu kutambula kuno era n’akkirizibwa okukuba essimu. Mamdani yakubira [[:en:Embassy_of_Uganda,_Washington,_D.C.|omubaka wa Uganda]] e [[:en:Washington,_DC|Washington, DC]], amuyambe. Omubaka yamubuuza lwaki "ayingirira ensonga z'omunda mu nsi engwira", n'amuddamu nti teyali nsonga ya munda wabula olutalo lw'eddembe era nti nabo eddembe lyabwe baali bakalifuna omwaka ogwakaggwa. <ref name="pambazuka">{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=28 April 2007 |title=The Asian question again: A reflection |url=http://www.pambazuka.org/en/category/comment/41273 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]] (Uganda) |via=pambazuka.org}}</ref> Amangu ddala nga wayiseewo akaseera katono, Mamdani yategeera ku mulimu gwa [[:en:Karl_Marx|Karl Marx]] okuva mu kukyala kwe ku FBI. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Shringarpure |first=Bhakti |author-link=Bhakti Shringarpure |date=15 July 2013 |title=In Conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.warscapes.com/conversations/conversation-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=6 November 2017 |website=Warscapes |language=en |quote=I thought the guy Marx had just died. […] So that was my introduction to Karl Marx.}}</ref> Yasomera ku [[:en:Fletcher_School_of_Law_and_Diplomacy|Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy]] mu [[:en:Tufts_University|Yunivasite ya Tufts]] era mu 1968 yatikkirwa diguli ya Master of Arts mu [[:en:Political_science|byobufuzi]] ne Master of Arts mu mateeka ne diplomacy mu 1969. Yafuna diguli ye [[:en:Doctor_of_philosophy|eyookusatu]] mu gavumenti okuva mu [[:en:Harvard_University|Yunivasite y'e Harvard]] mu 1974, wansi w’obulagirizi bwa [[:en:Karl_Deutsch|Karl Deutsch]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and class formation in Uganda |url=http://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=978-0-85345-378-9 |location=New York |via=Internet Archive}}</ref> Omulamwa kw'eyatambuliza ddiguli ye eyookusatu yagiwa omutwe "''Politics and Class Formation in Uganda."'' <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and Class Formation in Uganda |url=https://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=0-85345-378-0 |location=New York |oclc=2073894 |url-access=registration}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Allen |first=Judith Van |last2=Mamdani |first2=Mahmood |last3=Shivji |first3=Issa G. |date=November 1977 |title=Reviewed Works: Politics and Class Formation in Uganda. by Mahmood Mamdani; Class Struggles in Tanzania. by Issa G. Shivji |journal=Contemporary Sociology |publisher=American Sociological Association |volume=6 |issue=6 |pages=702 |doi=10.2307/2066367 |issn=0094-3061 |eissn=1939-8638 |jstor=2066367}}</ref> == Emirimu gye == Mamdani yakomawo mu Uganda ku ntandikwa ya 1972 era naweebwa omulimu ku [[Makerere University, Uganda|yunivasite y'e Makerere]] mu Kampala [[:en:Teaching_assistant|ng'ayambako omusomesa]], mu kiseera kye kimu yali akola ku kunoonyereza kwe okwa ddiguli eyookusatu. . Ye n’Abaasia abasinga obungi [[:en:Expulsion_of_Asians_from_Uganda|baagobebwa]] mu Uganda ku nkomerero y’omwaka ogwo [[Idi Amin]] olw’amawanga gaabwe; Amin yali agenderera "kuzzaawo" bizinensi n'ebintu. Mamdani yava mu Uganda n’agenda mu nkambi y’ababundabunda mu Bungereza ku ntandikwa y'omwezi Gwekkuminoogumu. <ref name="lrb2022">{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2022-10-06 |title=The Asian Question |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v44/n19/mahmood-mamdani/the-asian-question |journal=[[London Review of Books]] |language=en |volume=44 |issue=19 |issn=0260-9592 |access-date=2025-09-08}}</ref> Yava e Bungereza mu makkati ga 1973 oluvannyuma lw’okuyingizibwa mu [[:en:University_of_Dar_es_Salaam|Yunivasite y’e Dar es Salaam]] mu Tanzania. <ref name="pambazuka"/> <ref name="cas2018">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> <ref name="bio2">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> Mu Dar es Salaam, yamaliriza okuwandiika dissertation ye. Yali mujjumbize nnyo n’ebibiina ebiwakanya Amin. Mu 1979, yeetaba mu Ttabamiruka w’e Moshi ng’omutunuulizi. Yaddayo mu Uganda oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa ku bukulembeze oluvannyuma lw'olutalo lwa [[Olutalo lwa Uganda ne Tanzania|Uganda ne Tanzania]] mu 1979. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McCormack |first=Pete |date=17 October 2005 |title=Interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.petemccormack.com/interview_mamdani_001.htm |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=petemccormack.com}}</ref> <ref name="bio2" /> Mu kiseera kino, yakozesebwa ng'omutendeke mu kibiina kya [[:en:All_Africa_Conference_of_Churches|All Africa Conference of Churches]], omukago [[:en:Ecumenical_Christian|gw'Abakristaayo ogw'ensi yonna]] ogusangibwa e [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, ng'akolera mu ofiisi [[:en:Church_of_Uganda|y'Ekkanisa ya Uganda]] mu Kampala. <ref name="lrb2022"/> Okuva mu 1980 (oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa mu ntebe mu 1979) okutuuka mu 1993 yaddamu okukolera yunivasite y’e Makerere. <ref name="bio2"/> <ref name="lrb2022"/>​[[Milton Obote|​]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kagolo |first=Francis |date=8 February 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani to be honoured among Africa's best |url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/628869-prof-mamdani-to-be-honoured-among-africa-s-best.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]]}}</ref> Yaddayo e Dar es Salaam. Oluvannyuma lwa Obote okugobwa mu ntebe omulundi ogwokubiri, Mamdani yaddamu okudda mu Uganda mu Gwomukaaga 1986. <ref name="indian tele"/> Yali dayirekita eyatandikawo ekitongole kya Centre for Basic Research (CBR), ekitongole kya Uganda ekitali kya gavumenti ekyasooka mu kunoonyereza, mwe yaweereza okuva mu 1987 okutuuka mu 1996. <ref name="diaspora">{{Cite web |date=29 November 2012 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012 |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=ugandandiaspora.com}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> <ref name="csds">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Yaliko pulofeesa omugenyi ku [[:en:University_of_Durban-Westville|Yunivasite y’e Durban]] - [[:en:Westville,_KwaZulu-Natal|Westville]] mu South Africa (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka mu Gwomukaaga 1993), ku [[:en:Nehru_Memorial_Museum_&_Library|Nehru Memorial Museum & Library]] e New Delhi (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka Gwomukaaga 1995), ne mu [[:en:Princeton_University|Yunivasite y'e Princeton]] (1995–96). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vance |first=Dara |date=2015-11-20 |title=UK Committee on Social Theory Hosts Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://uknow.uky.edu/uk-happenings/uk-committee-social-theory-hosts-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=UKNow}}</ref> Mu 1996, yalondebwa okubeera omukulembeze w’entebe ya [[:en:Archibald_Campbell_Jordan|AC Jordan]] ey'ensoma y'Afirika mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y’e Cape Town]], <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 March 2011 |title=UCT in war over 'bantu education' |url=http://mg.co.za/article/2011-03-11-uct-in-war-over-bantu-education |access-date=22 March 2013}}</ref> era ku ntandikwa ya 1997 n’afuuka akulira [[:en:Centre_for_African_Studies|ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku by'ensoma y'Afirika]] (CAS). <ref name="uwn2018">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> Yavaawo oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obutakkaanya n'abasomesa (abasinga obungi abazungu) ku bbago ly'ensoma ye ey'omusomo ogw'omusingi ku Afrika oguyitibwa "Problematising Africa". <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=June 1, 1998 |title=Is African studies to be turned into a new home for Bantu education at UCT? |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/02533959808458649 |journal=Social Dynamics |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=63–75 |doi=10.1080/02533959808458649 |issn=0253-3952 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> Mamdani, eyalaga nti ensoma eriwo eya " [[:en:Bantu_Education_Act,_1953|Bantu studies]] " (mu kujjuliza ku kusomesa Abaddugavu wansi w'enfuga [[:en:Apartheid|y'obusosoze]] ) <ref name="cas2018" /> yayimirizibwa era okukkakkana ng'alekulidde. <ref name="davis2017">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> "Ensonga ya Mamdani" ekyayogerwako mu kukubaganya ebirowoozo ku [[:en:Decolonization_of_higher_education_in_South_Africa|kununula amatendekero aga waggulu okuva mu nsoma y'abamatwale]] . Oluvannyuma yagamba nti teyalina busungu ku muntu yenna, era yalina enkolagana ennungi ekiseera kye yamalayo. Yagamba nti obutakwatagana bwali ku njawulo mu ndowooza n'addala ensengeka y’ensoma ku bikwata ku kusoma South Africa ng’ensi ya Afrika. Oluvannyuma (2018) yakomezebwawo nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa asuutibwa. [ b ] <ref name="uwn2018" /> Mu 1999, Mamdani yalondebwa okuba dayirekita w’ekitongole ekikola ku by’okunoonyereza ku Afirika mu yunivasite ya Columbia, ekifo kye yalina okutuusa mu 2004. <ref name="uwn2018"/> Okuva olwo abadde asomesa eyo (nga 2025). <ref name="haag2025">{{Cite web |last=Haag |first=Matthew |last2=Goldberg |first2=Emma |date=27 June 2025 |title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |archive-date=7 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku mbeera z’abantu ekya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=18 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University]] |archive-date=2 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002055113/http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Agaba |first=John |title=Mamdani talks about his research legacy and work at Makerere |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20220329112608625 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="bio2"/> Okutuuka mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2025 [[:en:Columbia_University#Academics|pulofeesa wa Herbert Lehman mu Gavumenti]] era pulofeesa ku nkula y'abantu, okusoma saayansi w'ebyobufuzi [[:en:African_studies|n'okusoma ku Afirika]] ku [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]].<ref name="bio2" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Faculty Bio: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/anthropology/fac-bios/mamdani/faculty.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Era akola nga chancellor wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://kiu.ac.ug/news-page.php?i=press-release-kampala-international-university-kiu-appoints-prof-mahmood-mamdani-as-chancellor |access-date=24 August 2020 |publisher=[[Kampala International University]]}}</ref> == Okunoonyereza n'okuwandiika == Mamdani yeemalira mu kunoonyereza ku byobufuzi bya Afirika n'eby'ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw'amatwale]] [[:en:Postcolonialism|n'oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale]], n'ebyobufuzi by'ebyenfuna. Ebitabo bye byekenneenya enkolagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'ebyobuwangwa, okugeraageranya [[:en:Colonialism|okufugibwa kw'amatwale]] okuva mu 1452, ebyafaayo by'entalo z'omunda [[:en:Genocide|n'ekitta bantu]] mu Afirika, [[:en:Cold_War|Olutalo olw'Ensi Yonna olw'ebigambo]] [[:en:War_on_terror|n'olutalo ku butujju]], n'ebyafaayo by'eddembe ly'obuntu.<ref>vSneh, Itai Nartzizenfield (2008). [https://books.google.com/books?id=iax4AAAAMAAJ ''The Future Almost Arrived: How Jimmy Carter Failed to Change U.S. Foreign Policy''.] [[:en:Peter_Lang_(publishing_company)|Peter Lang]]. p. 169. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780820481852|9780820481852]]</bdi>.</ref> Okunoonyereza kwe okw'omwaka 2016 kwatandikira ku kitabo kye eky'omwaka 1996, [[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]. <ref>[http://polisci.columbia.edu/people/profile/96 "Mahmood Mamdani | Department of Political Science"]. ''polisci.columbia.edu''. Retrieved 21 January 2016.</ref>Mu kitabo ekyo, yagamba nti eggwanga eryafugibwa terisobola kutegeerwa nga tewekenenyeza bulungi eggwanga eryalifuga.Enkola y'obufuzi bw'amatwale mu Afirika yali eddamu okusoomoozebwa kw'ekibuuzo "ekikulu", era yagamba nti yafuuka "amawanga agaabuluziddwamu".<ref name=":0">Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. pp. 15–16. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|<bdi>9780852553992</bdi>.]]</ref>Kino kyali kikolebwa mu ngeri bbiri: ku ludda olumu nga bafuga butereevu, nga kino kyali kikolwa kya "buyinza" era nga kyali kigenderera okuggya abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo ku ddembe ly'obuntu eryali liweebwa abatuuze mu bitundu ebirala, ate ku ludda olulala nga bafuga mu ngeri etali y'abuteerevu, nga kino kyali kikolebwa mu byalo era nga kizingiramu okuyingiza "bannansi" mu "mateeka g'eggwanga" agaateekebwawo ab'obuyinza mu byalo, era nga kino yakiyita "obwannakyemalira obw'okugabanya obuyinza".<ref name=":0" /> Embeera eno yali "yakusika muguwa" era ng'erimu "engeri bbiri ez'obuyinza wansi w'obuyinza obumu".<ref name=":0" /> Oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale, ebibuga byali tebikyayawulamu bantu lwa langi naye ebyalo byali bikyafugibwa abakulembeze abaali mu nkwawa z'abafuzi b'amatwale, ka babe abakulembeze ab'ennono oba b'ebali bakwasizzaobuyinza nga balina ebiruubirirwa by'okufugisa omukono ogw'ekyuma.<ref>Clapham, Chris (1997). "Review: Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism by Mahmood Mamdani'". ''Royal Institute of International Affairs''. '''73''': 606.</ref>Mu ngeri eno obukulembeze bwonna bwaleeta enjawukana mu mawnga era n'ekutondawo obukulembeze bwabwe obw'enjawulo obwannakyemalira.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref> Mamdani yekennenya ebyafaayo mu South Africa ne Uganda okulaga nti obufuzi bw'amatwale bwakozesa obuyinza obuyitiridde era obuyinza obwo bweyongera okubaawo oluvannyuma lw'ameefuga.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. p. 37. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref>Ng’asomooza endowooza eza bulijjo ku busosoze mu South Afrika nga ez’enjawulo, agamba nti [[:en:Apartheid|obusosoze mu mawanga]] bwali ngeri ya bulijjo ey’ettwale lya Bulaaya mu Africa, nga lizingiramu ensonga [[:en:Indirect_rule|z’obufuzi obutali butereevu]] n’okukwatagana<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1 January 1996 |title=Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism |isbn=9780852553992 |pages=16–18}}</ref> Mu kitabo kye ekyafulumizibwa mu 2004 ekya ''Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: America, the Cold War, and the Roots of Terror'' Mamdani yagamba nti [[:en:Suicide_attack|abeetuze]] balina okumanyibwa "ng'ekika ky'omujaasi" era nti balina "okutegeerwa mu ngeri y'effujjo ly'ebyobufuzi ery'omulembe guno okusinga okuvumwavumwa ng'akabonero k'obukambwe". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bickerton |first=James |date=2025-07-11 |title=Zohran Mamdani's father's remark about suicide bombers comes under scrutiny |url=https://www.newsweek.com/zohran-mamdani-father-remark-about-suicide-bombers-comes-under-scrutiny-2097793 |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref> Omuyivu omu yagamba nti kino si kuwagira kwettisa bbomu wabula kwekenneenya okwanenya '"okusalawo kwa Amerika ku nkola y'ensonga z'ebweru naddala mu kiseera ky'olutalo olw'ebigambo", okutondawo embeera [[:en:Islamic_extremism|y'Obusiraamu obw'annalukalala]] [[:en:Political_violence|n'effujjo mu byobufuzi]] " mwe byakulaakulanira. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Murray |first=Conor |date=Jul 11, 2025 |title=Mahmood Mamdani's Work Does Not Advocate Violence, Expert Says |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/conormurray/2025/07/11/sequoias-maguire-unfairly-targets-zohran-mamdanis-father-fellow-academic-says/ |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko bye bifulumiddde mu ''[[:en:London_Review_of_Books|London Review of Books]]'' n'ekampuni ezifulumya ebitabo ebirala.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/contributors/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=London Review of Books |language=en-GB}}</ref> Okusinziira ku CAS, ebiwandiiko bya Mamdani "bibadde bikulu mu kusomebwa abayizi abali ku misomo gyabwe egya undergraduate ne Postgraduate ku UCT ssaako n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo ku nsoma y'ebyafaayo n'ebyobufuzi bya Afirika , nga banonyereza ku nkwatagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'obuwangwa, okugerageranya obufuzi bw'amatwale, entalo ez'omunda mu ggwanga n'ekittabantu mu Afirika".<ref name="uwn20182">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> == Emirimu gy'emirala == Okuva mu 1998 <ref name="bio22">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> oba 1999 okutuuka mu 2002, Mamdani yaweereza nga pulezidenti w'olukiiko olukulaakulanya okunoonyereza ku ssaayansi w'embeera z'abantu mu Afrika ([[:en:Council_for_the_Development_of_Social_Science_Research_in_Africa|Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa]]). <ref name="cas20182">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumineebiri 2001, yawa okwogera ku "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" mu lukungaana lwa [[:en:Nobel_Prize|Nobel Centennial Symposium]] e [[:en:Oslo|Oslo]], Norway. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 December 2001 |title=Speech by Dr. Mahmood Mamdani: "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/mediaplayer/index.php?id=1281 |access-date=24 March 2013 |publisher=Nobel Prize}}</ref> Mu Gwomwenda 2006, Mamdani yali omu ku boogezi abaayitibwa mu lukuŋŋaana lw’ekibiina kya [[:en:Ugandan_North_American_Association_(UNAA)|Uganda North American Association (UNAA)]] mu kibuga New York. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2006-09-05 |title=UNAA Convention was disorganised! |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/news/1141390/unaa-convention-disorganised |access-date=2026-02-18 |publisher=New Vision (Kampala)}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano 2011, mu kiseera ky'okwekalakaasa okwali mu kibangirizi kya Tahrir([[:en:Tahrir_Square_protests|Tahrir Square protests]]) mu kibuga [[:en:Cairo|Cairo]], Misiri, Mamdani yayitibwa okwogerako mu [[:en:American_University_of_Cairo|Yunivasite y’Amerika e Cairo]]. Ng’ayogera eri abayizi mu [[:en:University_of_KwaZulu-Natal|yunivasite y’e KwaZulu-Natal]] mu South Africa mu 2012, kino yakigeraageranya n’obwegugungo obwaliwo mu Soweto ([[:en:1976_Soweto_uprising|Soweto Uprising]]) mu 1976 . <ref name="kwazulu2012">{{Cite web |date=24 April 2012 |title=Address on Receiving an Honorary Doctorate at the University of Kwazulu Natal |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/mesaas/images/faculty/news/Mamdani%20commencement.pdf |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumi 2011, Mamdani (nga bali wamu ne Rhoda Ann Kanaaneh) y'eyali omwogezi omukulu mu lukungaana lw’eggwanga olwasooka olw’abayizi olwa [[:en:Students_for_Justice_in_Palestine|Students for Justice in Palestine]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Silver |first=Carly |date=2011-10-16 |title=Reporting live from the first-ever SJP National Conference |url=https://newvoices.org/2011/10/15/reporting-live-from-the-first-ever-sjp-national-conference/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=New Voices |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nathan-Kazis |first=Josh |date=2011-10-11 |title=Pro-Palestinian Student Activists Plan First National Conference |url=https://forward.com/news/144173/pro-palestinian-student-activists-plan-push/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=The Forward |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2017 yayitibwa okuwa omusomo ku lunaku lwa [[:en:TB_Davie_Memorial_Lecture|TB Davie Memorial]] ku ddembe ly'okusoma mu Yunivasite y'e Cape Town, era emboozi ye, eyatuumibwa "Decolonising the Post-Colonial University" yaleetawo okukubaganya ebirowoozo kungi. <ref name="uwn20183">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="davis20172">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> Okuva mu Gwekkumineebiri 2017 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2018, Mamdani yaweereza nga Rajni Kothari Chair Professor mu [[:en:Centre_for_the_Study_of_Developing_Societies|Center for the Study of Developing Societies]] mu [[:en:Delhi|Delhi,]] Buyindi. Oluvannyuma lw'ekisanja kye okuggwako, nga 4 Ogwokuna 2018 yawa omusomo gwa Rajni Kothari Chair ogutegekebwa buli mwaka, ogwatuumibwa "Okulowooza ku bwenkanya okuyita mu bumanyirivu bw'Afirika mu kyasa eky'amakumi abiri". <ref name="csds2">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Alabikidde mu firimu z’ebyafaayo ng’omukugu okugeza, ''[[:en:Rwanda:_The_Untold_Story|Rwanda: The Untold Story]]'' (2014, [[:en:BBC|BBC]] ), ''The Dictator’s Playbook'' (2018, [[:en:PBS|PBS]] ) ne ''[[:en:How_to_Become_a_Tyrant|How to Become a Tyrant]]'' (2021, [[:en:Netflix|Netflix]]). <ref>{{Cite AV media|url=https://www.pbs.org/video/idi-amin-3ol3rz/|title=The Dictator's Playbook {{!}} Idi Amin {{!}} Episode 6|language=en|publisher=[[PBS]]|via=}}</ref> Yalabikira mu firimu ya [[:en:Cameo_appearance|cameo]] ,mu firimu ya 2012 ''eya [[:en:The_Reluctant_Fundamentalist_(film)|The Reluctant Fundamentalist]]'', eyakulemberwamu mukyala we. <ref>{{Cite AV media|title=[[The Reluctant Fundamentalist]]|date=2012|last=Nair|first=Mira|publisher=[[IFC Films]]}}</ref> Mu 2024, yeegatta ku [[:en:Gaza_tribunal|Gaza Tribunal]], eyagenderera "okuzuukusa ebibiina by'obwannakyewa ku buvunaanyizibwa bwabyo n'okukomya ekittabantu kya Yisirayiri mu Gaza." <ref>{{Cite web |title=Home |url=https://gazatribunal.com/ |access-date=2025-12-07 |website=Gaza Tribunal |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title='Gaza Tribunal' established in London to seek justice for war crimes in Gaza |url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/europe/-gaza-tribunal-established-in-london-to-seek-justice-for-war-crimes-in-gaza/3383887 |access-date=2026-01-07 |website=www.aa.com.tr}}</ref> == Okusiimibwa == Mu 2008, mu kunoonyereza okwakolebwa ku mutimbagano mu lwatu, Mamdani yalondebwa ng'owomwenda ku bantu abagezi abasinga mu nsi yonna ku lukalala lw'abagezigezi 100 okuva mu ''[[:en:Prospect_(magazine)|Prospect Magazine]]'' (UK) ne ''[[:en:Foreign_Policy|Foreign Policy]]'' (US). <ref>{{Cite web |date=2008 |title=The 2008 List |url=http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/prospect-100-intellectuals/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090930143349/http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/prospect-100-intellectuals/ |archive-date=30 September 2009 |publisher=[[Prospect (magazine)|Prospect Magazine]] (UK) / [[Foreign Policy]] (US)}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |date=2008 |title=The World's Top 20 Public Intellectuals |journal=Foreign Policy |publisher=Slate Group, LLC |issue=167 |pages=54–57 |issn=0015-7228 |eissn=1945-2276 |jstor=25462318}}</ref> Mu Gwomusanvu 2017, Mamdani yalondebwa okubeera [[:en:Corresponding_Fellow_of_the_British_Academy|Omukwanaganya wa British Academy (FBA)]], ettendekero ly’eggwanga erya Bungereza erikola ku by’obuntubulamu ne ssaayansi w’embeera z’abantu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 July 2017 |title=Elections to the British Academy celebrate the diversity of UK research |url=http://www.britac.ac.uk/news/elections-british-academy-celebrate-diversity-uk-research |access-date=29 July 2017 |website=British Academy}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano nga 28, 2018 ( [[:en:Africa_Day|Africa Day]] ), Mamdani yalondebwa okuba pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa mu Center for African Studies mu Yunivasite y’e Cape Town. Dayirekita wa CAS [[:en:Lungisile_Ntsebeza|Lungisile Ntsebeza]], okulondebwa kuno yakuyita kwa "byafaayo mu bitongole", era nga kikulu mu nteekateeka y'okufuna obwetwaze bwa yunivasite m okuva mu kwekalakaasa kw'abayizi okwa " [[:en:Rhodes_Must_Fall|Rhodes Must Fall]] " mu Gwokusatu 2015. Abakulembeze b'abayizi bangi baali balaze obukulu bwa Ssikaala ya Mamdani, era okusinziira ku kino, UCT yandibadde ekola enkyukakyuka ez'omuggundu ku ntegeka y'ensoma. <ref name="uwn20184">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="cas20183">{{Cite web|title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT|website=Centre for African Studies, UCT|date=28 May 2018|url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-date=7 November 2025|url-status=live|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Prof Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/contacts/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041546/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/contacts/mahmood-mamdani |archive-date=4 Oct 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Faculty of Humanities}}</ref> === Engule n’okusunsulwa === * 1997: [[:en:Herskovits_Prize|Herskovits Prize]] for ''[[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]''<ref name="cas20184">{{cite web |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT|website=Centre for African Studies, UCT|date=28 May 2018|url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-date=7 November 2025|url-status=live|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> * 1999: [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|University of Cape Town]] Book Award for ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism''<ref>{{cite web |title=UCT Book Award |url=https://www.uct.ac.za/about/honours/bookaward/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130404065845/http://www.uct.ac.za/about/honours/bookaward/ |archive-date=4 April 2013 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[University of Cape Town]]}}</ref> * 2009: GDS Eminent Scholar Award from the [[:en:International_Studies_Association|International Studies Association]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=GDS Eminent Scholar Award Past Recipients |url=https://www.isanet.org/Programs/Awards/GDS-Eminent-Scholar/Past-Recipients |access-date=16 January 2019 |website=www.isanet.org}}</ref> * 2011: [[:en:H._F._Lenfest|Lenfest]] Distinguished Faculty Award<ref>{{cite web |date=15 April 2011 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani Recognized with Lenfest Award |url=http://www.sipa.columbia.edu/news_events/announcements/MahmoodMamdaniFacultyAward04152011.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121221034143/http://sipa.columbia.edu/news_events/announcements/MahmoodMamdaniFacultyAward04152011.html |archive-date=21 December 2012 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[School of International and Public Affairs, Columbia University]]}}</ref> * 2012: Scholar of the Year at the 2nd Annual African Diaspora Awards for his immense contribution to African Scholarship<ref>{{cite web |date=19 November 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani Is To Be Honored As "Scholar of the Year" At The Annual African Diaspora Awards NYC |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/news/prof-mamdani-be-honored-scholar-year-annual-african-diaspora-awards-nyc |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University|MISR]]}}</ref> * 2012: Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012<ref name="diaspora2">{{cite web |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora|title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012|date=29 November 2012|publisher=ugandandiaspora.com|access-date=21 March 2013|archive-date=1 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora|url-status=dead}}</ref> * 2021: ''[[:en:Neither_Settler_Nor_Native:_The_Making_and_Unmaking_of_Permanent_Minorities|Neither Settler Nor Native: The Making and Unmaking of Permanent Minorities]]'' (2020), shortlisted for the [[:en:British_Academy_Book_Prize_for_Global_Cultural_Understanding|British Academy Book Prize for Global Cultural Understanding]], and as "World History Finalist" by Association of American Publishers Awards for Professional and Scholarly Excellence ([[:en:PROSE_Awards|PROSE Awards]])<ref name="bio23">{{cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani|website=Department of Anthropology|url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> === Diguli ez’ekitiibwa === * 25 Ogwokutaano 2010: [[:en:University_of_Johannesburg|University of Johannesburg]], [[:en:DLitt|DLitt]] ([[:en:Honoris_Causa|Honoris Causa]])<ref>{{cite web |date=May 2010 |title=Mahmood Mamdani conferred with an honorary doctorate |url=http://www.uj.ac.za/EN/Newsroom/News/Pages/MahmoodMamdaniconferredwithanhonorarydoctorate201006222.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130421210222/http://www.uj.ac.za/EN/Newsroom/News/Pages/MahmoodMamdaniconferredwithanhonorarydoctorate201006222.aspx |archive-date=21 April 2013 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[University of Johannesburg]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=25 May 2010 |title=Speech delivered by Professor Prof Mahmood Mamdani at the University of Johannesburg, South Africa |url=http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech-2.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501065506/http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech-2.pdf |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[CODESRIA]]}}</ref> * 24 Ogwomusanvu 2010: [[:en:Addis_Ababa_University|Addis Ababa University]], DLitt (Honoris Causa)<ref>{{cite web |date=24 July 2010 |title=Remarks on receipt of Honorary Doctorate at Addis Ababa University |url=http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech_2-2.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501065507/http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech_2-2.pdf |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[CODESRIA]]}}</ref> * 24 Ogwokuna 2012: [[:en:University_of_KwaZulu-Natal|University of KwaZulu-Natal]], DLitt (Honoris Causa)<ref>{{cite web |date=12 April 2012 |title=Media Statement: UKZN To honour leading South Africans and women graduates excel |url=http://www.ukzn.ac.za/docs/media-releases/graduation-2012.docx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305015502/http://www.ukzn.ac.za/docs/media-releases/graduation-2012.docx |archive-date=5 March 2016 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[University of KwaZulu-Natal]] |format=[[MS Word]]}}</ref><ref name="kwazulu20122">{{cite web |date=24 April 2012 |title=Address on Receiving an Honorary Doctorate at the University of Kwazulu Natal |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/mesaas/images/faculty/news/Mamdani%20commencement.pdf |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> == Obulamu bwe ng'omuntu == Mamdani yawasa [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]], dayirekita wa firimu era pulodyusa Omuyindi ng’abeera mu Amerika, mu 1991. == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 9ppisjuksjesdsu64uha3c8rizzydmo 48709 48708 2026-05-03T10:19:26Z Charles Kalanzi 9748 48709 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mahmood Mamdani''' [ a ] FBA (yazaalibwa 23 Ogwokuna 1946) munnayuganda [[:en:Anthropologist|omukugu mu by'enkula y'abantu]], munnaby'anjigiriza, era omukugu mu by'obufuzi. Ye Herbert Lehman Pulofeesa wa Gavumenti era pulofeesa w’ensonga z'ekikula ky'abantu, [[:en:Political_science|ssaayansi w’ebyobufuzi]], n’okunoonyereza [[:en:African_studies|ku nsoma y'Afirika]] mu [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]] . Era akola nga Ccansala wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda, era nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa ku Center for African Studis mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y'e Cape Town]] . Emabegako yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole kya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. Mamdani mukugu mu kusoma ebyobufuzi bya Afrika n’ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw’amatwale]] n’oluvannyuma [[:en:Postcolonialism|lw'obufuzi bw’amatwale]], n’ebyobufuzi [[:en:Knowledge_economy|by’ebyenfuna]] . Mufumbo nga mukazi we ye [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]] omuzannyi wa firimu . Ye ne Nair be bazadde ba [[:en:New_York_City_Mayor|Meeya w'ekibuga New York]] [[Zohran Mamdani]] . == Obuto bwe n’okusoma == Mahmood Mamdani yazaalibwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1946 mu [[:en:Bombay|kibuga Bombay]] (kati Mumbai), Buyindi, ng’ebula omwaka gumu [[:en:British_Raj|enfuga ya Bungereza]] ekome. <ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/education/news/mahmood-mamdani-education-and-career-path-how-zohran-mamdanis-father-built-a-legacy-of-revolution-through-ideas-and-exile/articleshow/122064130.cms "Mahmood Mamdani education and career path: How Zohran Mamdani's father built a legacy of revolution through ideas and exile"]. ''The Times of India''. 25 June 2025. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN&nbsp;]][https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-8257 0971-825]7. Retrieved 13 July 2025.</ref> <ref name="codesria">{{Cite web |title=Pr. Mahmood Mamdani (1998-2002) |url=https://codesria.org/pr-mahmood-mamdani-1998-2002/ |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> Yakulira mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=23 February 2021 |title=Mahmood Mamdani on Uganda |url=https://africasacountry.com/2011/04/mamdani-on-uganda |website=Africa is a Country}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Permanent Minorities and the Politics of Survivors: A conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://worldpeacefoundation.org/blog/permanent-minorities-and-the-politics-of-survivors-a-conversation-with-mahmood-mamdani/ |website=World Peace Foundation}}</ref> ng'omu ku [[:en:Indian_diaspora_in_Southeast_Africa|Bayindi ababundabunda mu bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba bwa Afrika]] . Bazadde be bombi, [[:en:Gujarati_Muslim|basiraamu Abagujarati]], baazaalibwa era ne bakulira mu kitundu kya Bungereza eky'amatwale ki [[:en:Tanganyika_Territory|Tanganyika]] (leero Tanzania). Abafumbo bano baagenda e Bombay olwo kitaawe n’asomerayo mu ttendekero ekkulu. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Chen |first=Kuan-Hsing |last2=Gao |first2=Shiming |last3=Tang |first3=Xiaolin |date=2016 |title=The formation of an African intellectual: an interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |journal=Inter-Asia Cultural Studies |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=456–480 |doi=10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref>Muhoozi, Mourice (6 March 2022). [https://www.watchdoguganda.com/news/20220306/131449/meet-ugandas-most-iconic-academician-prof-mahmood-mamdani.html "Meet Uganda's most Iconic academician, Prof. Mahmood Mamdani"]. ''Watchdog Uganda''</ref> Famire yaddayo e [[:en:Dar_es_Salaam|Dar es Salaam]], Tanganyika, nga Mamdani wa myaka ebiri, ne bagenda e Uganda nga wa myaka etaano oba mukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Mu kiseera ekyo, Uganda yali yayawulwamu okusinziira ku mawanga, omuli abantu gye babeera, amasomero, emizikiti, n’ebifo abaana we bazannyira. Okusoma kwe mu pulayimale, Mamdani yasooka kugenda mu [[:en:Madrasa|madarasa]], n’oluvannyuma mu Government Indian Primary School. <ref name=":8"/> Yakula ng'ayogera [[:en:Gujarati_language|Olugujarati]], [[:en:Urdu|Oluurdu]] [[:en:Swahili_language|n'Oluswayiri]] . Yatandika okusoma Olungereza mu kibiina eky’omukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Oluvannyuma lw’okusoma siniya ey’awansi, yasomera ku Old Kampala Senior Secondary School, gye yali omuwandiisi w’ekibiina kya Do-it-Yourself Physics. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uganda: Buganda And Uganda At Crossroads |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090826030635/http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |archive-date=26 August 2009 |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=AllAfrica}}</ref> Mamdani yali omu ku bayizi Bannayuganda 23 abaali mu kibiina kya [[:en:The_Kennedy_Airlift|Kennedy Airlift]] mu 1963, enteekateeka ya sikaala eyaweebwa ssente okuva mu Amerika eyaleetera ebikumi n’ebikumi by'abayizi okuva mu [[:en:East_Africa|Buvanjuba bwa Afrika]] okusomera ku yunivasite mu Amerika ne Canada wakati wa 1959 ne 1963. <ref name="indian tele">{{Cite web |last=Sen |first=Manjula |date=25 January 2009 |title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |archive-date=2 February 2009 |access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref> Mamdani yatikkirwa diguli ya Bachelor of Arts okuva mu [[:en:University_of_Pittsburgh|Yunivasite y’e Pittsburgh]] <ref name="codesria"/> mu 1967. <ref>{{Cite book |date=1 January 2010 |title=International Encyclopedia of Civil Society |url=https://link.springer.com/referencework/10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |vauthors=((Anheier, H. K.)), ((Toepler, S.)) |publisher=Springer US |isbn=978-0-387-93994-0 |editor-last=Anheier |editor-first=Helmut K. |doi=10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |editor-last2=Toepler |editor-first2=Stefan}}</ref> Yali omu ku bayizi abangi mu bukiikakkono bwa Amerika abaali mu lugendo lwa bbaasi mu bukiikaddyo okutuuka e [[:en:Montgomery,_Alabama|Montgomery, Alabama]], olwategekebwa [[:en:Student_Nonviolent_Coordinating_Committee|akakiiko akakwasaganya abayizi abatali ba ffujjo]] mu Gwokusatu 1965 okwetaba mu kaweefube w'okulwanirira [[:en:Civil_rights_movement|eddembe ly’obuntu]] . Kino kyaliwo mu kiseera ky’okutambula okuva e [[:en:Selma_to_Montgomery_marches|Selma okutuuka e Montgomery]], naye nga kyo kya njawulo. Yasibibwa mu kkomera mu kutambula kuno era n’akkirizibwa okukuba essimu. Mamdani yakubira [[:en:Embassy_of_Uganda,_Washington,_D.C.|omubaka wa Uganda]] e [[:en:Washington,_DC|Washington, DC]], amuyambe. Omubaka yamubuuza lwaki "ayingirira ensonga z'omunda mu nsi engwira", n'amuddamu nti teyali nsonga ya munda wabula olutalo lw'eddembe era nti nabo eddembe lyabwe baali bakalifuna omwaka ogwakaggwa. <ref name="pambazuka">{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=28 April 2007 |title=The Asian question again: A reflection |url=http://www.pambazuka.org/en/category/comment/41273 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]] (Uganda) |via=pambazuka.org}}</ref> Amangu ddala nga wayiseewo akaseera katono, Mamdani yategeera ku mulimu gwa [[:en:Karl_Marx|Karl Marx]] okuva mu kukyala kwe ku FBI. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Shringarpure |first=Bhakti |author-link=Bhakti Shringarpure |date=15 July 2013 |title=In Conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.warscapes.com/conversations/conversation-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=6 November 2017 |website=Warscapes |language=en |quote=I thought the guy Marx had just died. […] So that was my introduction to Karl Marx.}}</ref> Yasomera ku [[:en:Fletcher_School_of_Law_and_Diplomacy|Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy]] mu [[:en:Tufts_University|Yunivasite ya Tufts]] era mu 1968 yatikkirwa diguli ya Master of Arts mu [[:en:Political_science|byobufuzi]] ne Master of Arts mu mateeka ne diplomacy mu 1969. Yafuna diguli ye [[:en:Doctor_of_philosophy|eyookusatu]] mu gavumenti okuva mu [[:en:Harvard_University|Yunivasite y'e Harvard]] mu 1974, wansi w’obulagirizi bwa [[:en:Karl_Deutsch|Karl Deutsch]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and class formation in Uganda |url=http://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=978-0-85345-378-9 |location=New York |via=Internet Archive}}</ref> Omulamwa kw'eyatambuliza ddiguli ye eyookusatu yagiwa omutwe "''Politics and Class Formation in Uganda."'' <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and Class Formation in Uganda |url=https://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=0-85345-378-0 |location=New York |oclc=2073894 |url-access=registration}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Allen |first=Judith Van |last2=Mamdani |first2=Mahmood |last3=Shivji |first3=Issa G. |date=November 1977 |title=Reviewed Works: Politics and Class Formation in Uganda. by Mahmood Mamdani; Class Struggles in Tanzania. by Issa G. Shivji |journal=Contemporary Sociology |publisher=American Sociological Association |volume=6 |issue=6 |pages=702 |doi=10.2307/2066367 |issn=0094-3061 |eissn=1939-8638 |jstor=2066367}}</ref> == Emirimu gye == Mamdani yakomawo mu Uganda ku ntandikwa ya 1972 era naweebwa omulimu ku [[Makerere University, Uganda|yunivasite y'e Makerere]] mu Kampala [[:en:Teaching_assistant|ng'ayambako omusomesa]], mu kiseera kye kimu yali akola ku kunoonyereza kwe okwa ddiguli eyookusatu. . Ye n’Abaasia abasinga obungi [[:en:Expulsion_of_Asians_from_Uganda|baagobebwa]] mu Uganda ku nkomerero y’omwaka ogwo [[Idi Amin]] olw’amawanga gaabwe; Amin yali agenderera "kuzzaawo" bizinensi n'ebintu. Mamdani yava mu Uganda n’agenda mu nkambi y’ababundabunda mu Bungereza ku ntandikwa y'omwezi Gwekkuminoogumu. <ref name="lrb2022">{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2022-10-06 |title=The Asian Question |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v44/n19/mahmood-mamdani/the-asian-question |journal=[[London Review of Books]] |language=en |volume=44 |issue=19 |issn=0260-9592 |access-date=2025-09-08}}</ref> Yava e Bungereza mu makkati ga 1973 oluvannyuma lw’okuyingizibwa mu [[:en:University_of_Dar_es_Salaam|Yunivasite y’e Dar es Salaam]] mu Tanzania. <ref name="pambazuka"/> <ref name="cas2018">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> <ref name="bio2">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> Mu Dar es Salaam, yamaliriza okuwandiika dissertation ye. Yali mujjumbize nnyo n’ebibiina ebiwakanya Amin. Mu 1979, yeetaba mu Ttabamiruka w’e Moshi ng’omutunuulizi. Yaddayo mu Uganda oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa ku bukulembeze oluvannyuma lw'olutalo lwa [[Olutalo lwa Uganda ne Tanzania|Uganda ne Tanzania]] mu 1979. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McCormack |first=Pete |date=17 October 2005 |title=Interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.petemccormack.com/interview_mamdani_001.htm |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=petemccormack.com}}</ref> <ref name="bio2" /> Mu kiseera kino, yakozesebwa ng'omutendeke mu kibiina kya [[:en:All_Africa_Conference_of_Churches|All Africa Conference of Churches]], omukago [[:en:Ecumenical_Christian|gw'Abakristaayo ogw'ensi yonna]] ogusangibwa e [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, ng'akolera mu ofiisi [[:en:Church_of_Uganda|y'Ekkanisa ya Uganda]] mu Kampala. <ref name="lrb2022"/> Okuva mu 1980 (oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa mu ntebe mu 1979) okutuuka mu 1993 yaddamu okukolera yunivasite y’e Makerere. <ref name="bio2"/> <ref name="lrb2022"/>​[[Milton Obote|​]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kagolo |first=Francis |date=8 February 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani to be honoured among Africa's best |url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/628869-prof-mamdani-to-be-honoured-among-africa-s-best.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]]}}</ref> Yaddayo e Dar es Salaam. Oluvannyuma lwa Obote okugobwa mu ntebe omulundi ogwokubiri, Mamdani yaddamu okudda mu Uganda mu Gwomukaaga 1986. <ref name="indian tele"/> Yali dayirekita eyatandikawo ekitongole kya Centre for Basic Research (CBR), ekitongole kya Uganda ekitali kya gavumenti ekyasooka mu kunoonyereza, mwe yaweereza okuva mu 1987 okutuuka mu 1996. <ref name="diaspora">{{Cite web |date=29 November 2012 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012 |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=ugandandiaspora.com}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> <ref name="csds">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Yaliko pulofeesa omugenyi ku [[:en:University_of_Durban-Westville|Yunivasite y’e Durban]] - [[:en:Westville,_KwaZulu-Natal|Westville]] mu South Africa (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka mu Gwomukaaga 1993), ku [[:en:Nehru_Memorial_Museum_&_Library|Nehru Memorial Museum & Library]] e New Delhi (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka Gwomukaaga 1995), ne mu [[:en:Princeton_University|Yunivasite y'e Princeton]] (1995–96). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vance |first=Dara |date=2015-11-20 |title=UK Committee on Social Theory Hosts Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://uknow.uky.edu/uk-happenings/uk-committee-social-theory-hosts-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=UKNow}}</ref> Mu 1996, yalondebwa okubeera omukulembeze w’entebe ya [[:en:Archibald_Campbell_Jordan|AC Jordan]] ey'ensoma y'Afirika mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y’e Cape Town]], <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 March 2011 |title=UCT in war over 'bantu education' |url=http://mg.co.za/article/2011-03-11-uct-in-war-over-bantu-education |access-date=22 March 2013}}</ref> era ku ntandikwa ya 1997 n’afuuka akulira [[:en:Centre_for_African_Studies|ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku by'ensoma y'Afirika]] (CAS). <ref name="uwn2018">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> Yavaawo oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obutakkaanya n'abasomesa (abasinga obungi abazungu) ku bbago ly'ensoma ye ey'omusomo ogw'omusingi ku Afrika oguyitibwa "Problematising Africa". <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=June 1, 1998 |title=Is African studies to be turned into a new home for Bantu education at UCT? |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/02533959808458649 |journal=Social Dynamics |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=63–75 |doi=10.1080/02533959808458649 |issn=0253-3952 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> Mamdani, eyalaga nti ensoma eriwo eya " [[:en:Bantu_Education_Act,_1953|Bantu studies]] " (mu kujjuliza ku kusomesa Abaddugavu wansi w'enfuga [[:en:Apartheid|y'obusosoze]] ) <ref name="cas2018" /> yayimirizibwa era okukkakkana ng'alekulidde. <ref name="davis2017">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> "Ensonga ya Mamdani" ekyayogerwako mu kukubaganya ebirowoozo ku [[:en:Decolonization_of_higher_education_in_South_Africa|kununula amatendekero aga waggulu okuva mu nsoma y'abamatwale]] . Oluvannyuma yagamba nti teyalina busungu ku muntu yenna, era yalina enkolagana ennungi ekiseera kye yamalayo. Yagamba nti obutakwatagana bwali ku njawulo mu ndowooza n'addala ensengeka y’ensoma ku bikwata ku kusoma South Africa ng’ensi ya Afrika. Oluvannyuma (2018) yakomezebwawo nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa asuutibwa. [ b ] <ref name="uwn2018" /> Mu 1999, Mamdani yalondebwa okuba dayirekita w’ekitongole ekikola ku by’okunoonyereza ku Afirika mu yunivasite ya Columbia, ekifo kye yalina okutuusa mu 2004. <ref name="uwn2018"/> Okuva olwo abadde asomesa eyo (nga 2025). <ref name="haag2025">{{Cite web |last=Haag |first=Matthew |last2=Goldberg |first2=Emma |date=27 June 2025 |title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |archive-date=7 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku mbeera z’abantu ekya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=18 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University]] |archive-date=2 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002055113/http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Agaba |first=John |title=Mamdani talks about his research legacy and work at Makerere |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20220329112608625 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="bio2"/> Okutuuka mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2025 [[:en:Columbia_University#Academics|pulofeesa wa Herbert Lehman mu Gavumenti]] era pulofeesa ku nkula y'abantu, okusoma saayansi w'ebyobufuzi [[:en:African_studies|n'okusoma ku Afirika]] ku [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]].<ref name="bio2" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Faculty Bio: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/anthropology/fac-bios/mamdani/faculty.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Era akola nga chancellor wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://kiu.ac.ug/news-page.php?i=press-release-kampala-international-university-kiu-appoints-prof-mahmood-mamdani-as-chancellor |access-date=24 August 2020 |publisher=[[Kampala International University]]}}</ref> == Okunoonyereza n'okuwandiika == Mamdani yeemalira mu kunoonyereza ku byobufuzi bya Afirika n'eby'ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw'amatwale]] [[:en:Postcolonialism|n'oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale]], n'ebyobufuzi by'ebyenfuna. Ebitabo bye byekenneenya enkolagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'ebyobuwangwa, okugeraageranya [[:en:Colonialism|okufugibwa kw'amatwale]] okuva mu 1452, ebyafaayo by'entalo z'omunda [[:en:Genocide|n'ekitta bantu]] mu Afirika, [[:en:Cold_War|Olutalo olw'Ensi Yonna olw'ebigambo]] [[:en:War_on_terror|n'olutalo ku butujju]], n'ebyafaayo by'eddembe ly'obuntu.<ref>vSneh, Itai Nartzizenfield (2008). [https://books.google.com/books?id=iax4AAAAMAAJ ''The Future Almost Arrived: How Jimmy Carter Failed to Change U.S. Foreign Policy''.] [[:en:Peter_Lang_(publishing_company)|Peter Lang]]. p. 169. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780820481852|9780820481852]]</bdi>.</ref> Okunoonyereza kwe okw'omwaka 2016 kwatandikira ku kitabo kye eky'omwaka 1996, [[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]. <ref>[http://polisci.columbia.edu/people/profile/96 "Mahmood Mamdani | Department of Political Science"]. ''polisci.columbia.edu''. Retrieved 21 January 2016.</ref>Mu kitabo ekyo, yagamba nti eggwanga eryafugibwa terisobola kutegeerwa nga tewekenenyeza bulungi eggwanga eryalifuga.Enkola y'obufuzi bw'amatwale mu Afirika yali eddamu okusoomoozebwa kw'ekibuuzo "ekikulu", era yagamba nti yafuuka "amawanga agaabuluziddwamu".<ref name=":0">Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. pp. 15–16. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|<bdi>9780852553992</bdi>.]]</ref>Kino kyali kikolebwa mu ngeri bbiri: ku ludda olumu nga bafuga butereevu, nga kino kyali kikolwa kya "buyinza" era nga kyali kigenderera okuggya abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo ku ddembe ly'obuntu eryali liweebwa abatuuze mu bitundu ebirala, ate ku ludda olulala nga bafuga mu ngeri etali y'abuteerevu, nga kino kyali kikolebwa mu byalo era nga kizingiramu okuyingiza "bannansi" mu "mateeka g'eggwanga" agaateekebwawo ab'obuyinza mu byalo, era nga kino yakiyita "obwannakyemalira obw'okugabanya obuyinza".<ref name=":0" /> Embeera eno yali "yakusika muguwa" era ng'erimu "engeri bbiri ez'obuyinza wansi w'obuyinza obumu".<ref name=":0" /> Oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale, ebibuga byali tebikyayawulamu bantu lwa langi naye ebyalo byali bikyafugibwa abakulembeze abaali mu nkwawa z'abafuzi b'amatwale, ka babe abakulembeze ab'ennono oba b'ebali bakwasizzaobuyinza nga balina ebiruubirirwa by'okufugisa omukono ogw'ekyuma.<ref>Clapham, Chris (1997). "Review: Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism by Mahmood Mamdani'". ''Royal Institute of International Affairs''. '''73''': 606.</ref>Mu ngeri eno obukulembeze bwonna bwaleeta enjawukana mu mawnga era n'ekutondawo obukulembeze bwabwe obw'enjawulo obwannakyemalira.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref> Mamdani yekennenya ebyafaayo mu South Africa ne Uganda okulaga nti obufuzi bw'amatwale bwakozesa obuyinza obuyitiridde era obuyinza obwo bweyongera okubaawo oluvannyuma lw'ameefuga.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. p. 37. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref>Ng’asomooza endowooza eza bulijjo ku busosoze mu South Afrika nga ez’enjawulo, agamba nti [[:en:Apartheid|obusosoze mu mawanga]] bwali ngeri ya bulijjo ey’ettwale lya Bulaaya mu Africa, nga lizingiramu ensonga [[:en:Indirect_rule|z’obufuzi obutali butereevu]] n’okukwatagana<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1 January 1996 |title=Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism |isbn=9780852553992 |pages=16–18}}</ref> Mu kitabo kye ekyafulumizibwa mu 2004 ekya ''Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: America, the Cold War, and the Roots of Terror'' Mamdani yagamba nti [[:en:Suicide_attack|abeetuze]] balina okumanyibwa "ng'ekika ky'omujaasi" era nti balina "okutegeerwa mu ngeri y'effujjo ly'ebyobufuzi ery'omulembe guno okusinga okuvumwavumwa ng'akabonero k'obukambwe". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bickerton |first=James |date=2025-07-11 |title=Zohran Mamdani's father's remark about suicide bombers comes under scrutiny |url=https://www.newsweek.com/zohran-mamdani-father-remark-about-suicide-bombers-comes-under-scrutiny-2097793 |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref> Omuyivu omu yagamba nti kino si kuwagira kwettisa bbomu wabula kwekenneenya okwanenya '"okusalawo kwa Amerika ku nkola y'ensonga z'ebweru naddala mu kiseera ky'olutalo olw'ebigambo", okutondawo embeera [[:en:Islamic_extremism|y'Obusiraamu obw'annalukalala]] [[:en:Political_violence|n'effujjo mu byobufuzi]] " mwe byakulaakulanira. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Murray |first=Conor |date=Jul 11, 2025 |title=Mahmood Mamdani's Work Does Not Advocate Violence, Expert Says |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/conormurray/2025/07/11/sequoias-maguire-unfairly-targets-zohran-mamdanis-father-fellow-academic-says/ |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko bye bifulumiddde mu ''[[:en:London_Review_of_Books|London Review of Books]]'' n'ekampuni ezifulumya ebitabo ebirala.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/contributors/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=London Review of Books |language=en-GB}}</ref> Okusinziira ku CAS, ebiwandiiko bya Mamdani "bibadde bikulu mu kusomebwa abayizi abali ku misomo gyabwe egya undergraduate ne Postgraduate ku UCT ssaako n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo ku nsoma y'ebyafaayo n'ebyobufuzi bya Afirika , nga banonyereza ku nkwatagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'obuwangwa, okugerageranya obufuzi bw'amatwale, entalo ez'omunda mu ggwanga n'ekittabantu mu Afirika".<ref name="uwn20182">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> == Emirimu gy'emirala == Okuva mu 1998 <ref name="bio22">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> oba 1999 okutuuka mu 2002, Mamdani yaweereza nga pulezidenti w'olukiiko olukulaakulanya okunoonyereza ku ssaayansi w'embeera z'abantu mu Afrika ([[:en:Council_for_the_Development_of_Social_Science_Research_in_Africa|Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa]]). <ref name="cas20182">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumineebiri 2001, yawa okwogera ku "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" mu lukungaana lwa [[:en:Nobel_Prize|Nobel Centennial Symposium]] e [[:en:Oslo|Oslo]], Norway. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 December 2001 |title=Speech by Dr. Mahmood Mamdani: "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/mediaplayer/index.php?id=1281 |access-date=24 March 2013 |publisher=Nobel Prize}}</ref> Mu Gwomwenda 2006, Mamdani yali omu ku boogezi abaayitibwa mu lukuŋŋaana lw’ekibiina kya [[:en:Ugandan_North_American_Association_(UNAA)|Uganda North American Association (UNAA)]] mu kibuga New York. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2006-09-05 |title=UNAA Convention was disorganised! |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/news/1141390/unaa-convention-disorganised |access-date=2026-02-18 |publisher=New Vision (Kampala)}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano 2011, mu kiseera ky'okwekalakaasa okwali mu kibangirizi kya Tahrir([[:en:Tahrir_Square_protests|Tahrir Square protests]]) mu kibuga [[:en:Cairo|Cairo]], Misiri, Mamdani yayitibwa okwogerako mu [[:en:American_University_of_Cairo|Yunivasite y’Amerika e Cairo]]. Ng’ayogera eri abayizi mu [[:en:University_of_KwaZulu-Natal|yunivasite y’e KwaZulu-Natal]] mu South Africa mu 2012, kino yakigeraageranya n’obwegugungo obwaliwo mu Soweto ([[:en:1976_Soweto_uprising|Soweto Uprising]]) mu 1976 . <ref name="kwazulu2012">{{Cite web |date=24 April 2012 |title=Address on Receiving an Honorary Doctorate at the University of Kwazulu Natal |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/mesaas/images/faculty/news/Mamdani%20commencement.pdf |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumi 2011, Mamdani (nga bali wamu ne Rhoda Ann Kanaaneh) y'eyali omwogezi omukulu mu lukungaana lw’eggwanga olwasooka olw’abayizi olwa [[:en:Students_for_Justice_in_Palestine|Students for Justice in Palestine]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Silver |first=Carly |date=2011-10-16 |title=Reporting live from the first-ever SJP National Conference |url=https://newvoices.org/2011/10/15/reporting-live-from-the-first-ever-sjp-national-conference/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=New Voices |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nathan-Kazis |first=Josh |date=2011-10-11 |title=Pro-Palestinian Student Activists Plan First National Conference |url=https://forward.com/news/144173/pro-palestinian-student-activists-plan-push/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=The Forward |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2017 yayitibwa okuwa omusomo ku lunaku lwa [[:en:TB_Davie_Memorial_Lecture|TB Davie Memorial]] ku ddembe ly'okusoma mu Yunivasite y'e Cape Town, era emboozi ye, eyatuumibwa "Decolonising the Post-Colonial University" yaleetawo okukubaganya ebirowoozo kungi. <ref name="uwn20183">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="davis20172">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> Okuva mu Gwekkumineebiri 2017 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2018, Mamdani yaweereza nga Rajni Kothari Chair Professor mu [[:en:Centre_for_the_Study_of_Developing_Societies|Center for the Study of Developing Societies]] mu [[:en:Delhi|Delhi,]] Buyindi. Oluvannyuma lw'ekisanja kye okuggwako, nga 4 Ogwokuna 2018 yawa omusomo gwa Rajni Kothari Chair ogutegekebwa buli mwaka, ogwatuumibwa "Okulowooza ku bwenkanya okuyita mu bumanyirivu bw'Afirika mu kyasa eky'amakumi abiri". <ref name="csds2">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Alabikidde mu firimu z’ebyafaayo ng’omukugu okugeza, ''[[:en:Rwanda:_The_Untold_Story|Rwanda: The Untold Story]]'' (2014, [[:en:BBC|BBC]] ), ''The Dictator’s Playbook'' (2018, [[:en:PBS|PBS]] ) ne ''[[:en:How_to_Become_a_Tyrant|How to Become a Tyrant]]'' (2021, [[:en:Netflix|Netflix]]). <ref>{{Cite AV media|url=https://www.pbs.org/video/idi-amin-3ol3rz/|title=The Dictator's Playbook {{!}} Idi Amin {{!}} Episode 6|language=en|publisher=[[PBS]]|via=}}</ref> Yalabikira mu firimu ya [[:en:Cameo_appearance|cameo]] ,mu firimu ya 2012 ''eya [[:en:The_Reluctant_Fundamentalist_(film)|The Reluctant Fundamentalist]]'', eyakulemberwamu mukyala we. <ref>{{Cite AV media|title=[[The Reluctant Fundamentalist]]|date=2012|last=Nair|first=Mira|publisher=[[IFC Films]]}}</ref> Mu 2024, yeegatta ku [[:en:Gaza_tribunal|Gaza Tribunal]], eyagenderera "okuzuukusa ebibiina by'obwannakyewa ku buvunaanyizibwa bwabyo n'okukomya ekittabantu kya Yisirayiri mu Gaza." <ref>{{Cite web |title=Home |url=https://gazatribunal.com/ |access-date=2025-12-07 |website=Gaza Tribunal |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title='Gaza Tribunal' established in London to seek justice for war crimes in Gaza |url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/europe/-gaza-tribunal-established-in-london-to-seek-justice-for-war-crimes-in-gaza/3383887 |access-date=2026-01-07 |website=www.aa.com.tr}}</ref> == Okusiimibwa == Mu 2008, mu kunoonyereza okwakolebwa ku mutimbagano mu lwatu, Mamdani yalondebwa ng'owomwenda ku bantu abagezi abasinga mu nsi yonna ku lukalala lw'abagezigezi 100 okuva mu ''[[:en:Prospect_(magazine)|Prospect Magazine]]'' (UK) ne ''[[:en:Foreign_Policy|Foreign Policy]]'' (US). <ref>{{Cite web |date=2008 |title=The 2008 List |url=http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/prospect-100-intellectuals/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090930143349/http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/prospect-100-intellectuals/ |archive-date=30 September 2009 |publisher=[[Prospect (magazine)|Prospect Magazine]] (UK) / [[Foreign Policy]] (US)}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |date=2008 |title=The World's Top 20 Public Intellectuals |journal=Foreign Policy |publisher=Slate Group, LLC |issue=167 |pages=54–57 |issn=0015-7228 |eissn=1945-2276 |jstor=25462318}}</ref> Mu Gwomusanvu 2017, Mamdani yalondebwa okubeera [[:en:Corresponding_Fellow_of_the_British_Academy|Omukwanaganya wa British Academy (FBA)]], ettendekero ly’eggwanga erya Bungereza erikola ku by’obuntubulamu ne ssaayansi w’embeera z’abantu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 July 2017 |title=Elections to the British Academy celebrate the diversity of UK research |url=http://www.britac.ac.uk/news/elections-british-academy-celebrate-diversity-uk-research |access-date=29 July 2017 |website=British Academy}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano nga 28, 2018 ( [[:en:Africa_Day|Africa Day]] ), Mamdani yalondebwa okuba pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa mu Center for African Studies mu Yunivasite y’e Cape Town. Dayirekita wa CAS [[:en:Lungisile_Ntsebeza|Lungisile Ntsebeza]], okulondebwa kuno yakuyita kwa "byafaayo mu bitongole", era nga kikulu mu nteekateeka y'okufuna obwetwaze bwa yunivasite m okuva mu kwekalakaasa kw'abayizi okwa " [[:en:Rhodes_Must_Fall|Rhodes Must Fall]] " mu Gwokusatu 2015. Abakulembeze b'abayizi bangi baali balaze obukulu bwa Ssikaala ya Mamdani, era okusinziira ku kino, UCT yandibadde ekola enkyukakyuka ez'omuggundu ku ntegeka y'ensoma. <ref name="uwn20184">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="cas20183">{{Cite web|title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT|website=Centre for African Studies, UCT|date=28 May 2018|url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-date=7 November 2025|url-status=live|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Prof Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/contacts/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041546/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/contacts/mahmood-mamdani |archive-date=4 Oct 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Faculty of Humanities}}</ref> === Engule n’okusunsulwa === * 1997: [[:en:Herskovits_Prize|Herskovits Prize]] for ''[[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]''<ref name="cas20184">{{cite web |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT|website=Centre for African Studies, UCT|date=28 May 2018|url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-date=7 November 2025|url-status=live|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> * 1999: [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|University of Cape Town]] Book Award for ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism''<ref>{{cite web |title=UCT Book Award |url=https://www.uct.ac.za/about/honours/bookaward/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130404065845/http://www.uct.ac.za/about/honours/bookaward/ |archive-date=4 April 2013 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[University of Cape Town]]}}</ref> * 2009: GDS Eminent Scholar Award from the [[:en:International_Studies_Association|International Studies Association]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=GDS Eminent Scholar Award Past Recipients |url=https://www.isanet.org/Programs/Awards/GDS-Eminent-Scholar/Past-Recipients |access-date=16 January 2019 |website=www.isanet.org}}</ref> * 2011: [[:en:H._F._Lenfest|Lenfest]] Distinguished Faculty Award<ref>{{cite web |date=15 April 2011 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani Recognized with Lenfest Award |url=http://www.sipa.columbia.edu/news_events/announcements/MahmoodMamdaniFacultyAward04152011.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121221034143/http://sipa.columbia.edu/news_events/announcements/MahmoodMamdaniFacultyAward04152011.html |archive-date=21 December 2012 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[School of International and Public Affairs, Columbia University]]}}</ref> * 2012: Scholar of the Year at the 2nd Annual African Diaspora Awards for his immense contribution to African Scholarship<ref>{{cite web |date=19 November 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani Is To Be Honored As "Scholar of the Year" At The Annual African Diaspora Awards NYC |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/news/prof-mamdani-be-honored-scholar-year-annual-african-diaspora-awards-nyc |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University|MISR]]}}</ref> * 2012: Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012<ref name="diaspora2">{{cite web |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora|title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012|date=29 November 2012|publisher=ugandandiaspora.com|access-date=21 March 2013|archive-date=1 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora|url-status=dead}}</ref> * 2021: ''[[:en:Neither_Settler_Nor_Native:_The_Making_and_Unmaking_of_Permanent_Minorities|Neither Settler Nor Native: The Making and Unmaking of Permanent Minorities]]'' (2020), shortlisted for the [[:en:British_Academy_Book_Prize_for_Global_Cultural_Understanding|British Academy Book Prize for Global Cultural Understanding]], and as "World History Finalist" by Association of American Publishers Awards for Professional and Scholarly Excellence ([[:en:PROSE_Awards|PROSE Awards]])<ref name="bio23">{{cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani|website=Department of Anthropology|url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> === Diguli ez’ekitiibwa === * 25 Ogwokutaano 2010: [[:en:University_of_Johannesburg|University of Johannesburg]], [[:en:DLitt|DLitt]] ([[:en:Honoris_Causa|Honoris Causa]])<ref>{{cite web |date=May 2010 |title=Mahmood Mamdani conferred with an honorary doctorate |url=http://www.uj.ac.za/EN/Newsroom/News/Pages/MahmoodMamdaniconferredwithanhonorarydoctorate201006222.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130421210222/http://www.uj.ac.za/EN/Newsroom/News/Pages/MahmoodMamdaniconferredwithanhonorarydoctorate201006222.aspx |archive-date=21 April 2013 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[University of Johannesburg]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=25 May 2010 |title=Speech delivered by Professor Prof Mahmood Mamdani at the University of Johannesburg, South Africa |url=http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech-2.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501065506/http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech-2.pdf |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[CODESRIA]]}}</ref> * 24 Ogwomusanvu 2010: [[:en:Addis_Ababa_University|Addis Ababa University]], DLitt (Honoris Causa)<ref>{{cite web |date=24 July 2010 |title=Remarks on receipt of Honorary Doctorate at Addis Ababa University |url=http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech_2-2.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501065507/http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech_2-2.pdf |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[CODESRIA]]}}</ref> * 24 Ogwokuna 2012: [[:en:University_of_KwaZulu-Natal|University of KwaZulu-Natal]], DLitt (Honoris Causa)<ref>{{cite web |date=12 April 2012 |title=Media Statement: UKZN To honour leading South Africans and women graduates excel |url=http://www.ukzn.ac.za/docs/media-releases/graduation-2012.docx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305015502/http://www.ukzn.ac.za/docs/media-releases/graduation-2012.docx |archive-date=5 March 2016 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[University of KwaZulu-Natal]] |format=[[MS Word]]}}</ref><ref name="kwazulu20122">{{cite web |date=24 April 2012 |title=Address on Receiving an Honorary Doctorate at the University of Kwazulu Natal |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/mesaas/images/faculty/news/Mamdani%20commencement.pdf |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> == Obulamu bwe ng'omuntu == Mamdani yawasa [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]], dayirekita wa firimu era pulodyusa Omuyindi ng’abeera mu Amerika, mu 1991. Baasooka kusisinkana mu [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, n’oluvannyuma ne baddamu mu Kampala, Uganda, mu 1989 Nair bwe yali akola okunoonyereza ku firimu ye, ''[[Mississippi Masala]]'' . <ref name="lahr2002">{{cite interview|first=Mira|last=Nair|interviewer-last=Lahr|interviewer-first=John|title=Whirlwind|website=[[The New Yorker]]|date=2 December 2002|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|url-access=subscription|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141022030926/http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|archive-date=22 October 2014|url-status=live|quote=Published in the print edition of the December 9, 2002, issue.}}</ref> <ref name="indian tele2">{{Cite web|url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp|url-status=dead|archive-date=2 February 2009|title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly|last=Sen|first=Manjula|date=25 January 2009|access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref> == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] dx75t5uj15deebmbfbrduvf6br8xq6f 48710 48709 2026-05-03T10:21:08Z Charles Kalanzi 9748 48710 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mahmood Mamdani''' [ a ] FBA (yazaalibwa 23 Ogwokuna 1946) munnayuganda [[:en:Anthropologist|omukugu mu by'enkula y'abantu]], munnaby'anjigiriza, era omukugu mu by'obufuzi. Ye Herbert Lehman Pulofeesa wa Gavumenti era pulofeesa w’ensonga z'ekikula ky'abantu, [[:en:Political_science|ssaayansi w’ebyobufuzi]], n’okunoonyereza [[:en:African_studies|ku nsoma y'Afirika]] mu [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]] . Era akola nga Ccansala wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda, era nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa ku Center for African Studis mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y'e Cape Town]] . Emabegako yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole kya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. Mamdani mukugu mu kusoma ebyobufuzi bya Afrika n’ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw’amatwale]] n’oluvannyuma [[:en:Postcolonialism|lw'obufuzi bw’amatwale]], n’ebyobufuzi [[:en:Knowledge_economy|by’ebyenfuna]] . Mufumbo nga mukazi we ye [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]] omuzannyi wa firimu . Ye ne Nair be bazadde ba [[:en:New_York_City_Mayor|Meeya w'ekibuga New York]] [[Zohran Mamdani]] . == Obuto bwe n’okusoma == Mahmood Mamdani yazaalibwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1946 mu [[:en:Bombay|kibuga Bombay]] (kati Mumbai), Buyindi, ng’ebula omwaka gumu [[:en:British_Raj|enfuga ya Bungereza]] ekome. <ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/education/news/mahmood-mamdani-education-and-career-path-how-zohran-mamdanis-father-built-a-legacy-of-revolution-through-ideas-and-exile/articleshow/122064130.cms "Mahmood Mamdani education and career path: How Zohran Mamdani's father built a legacy of revolution through ideas and exile"]. ''The Times of India''. 25 June 2025. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN&nbsp;]][https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-8257 0971-825]7. Retrieved 13 July 2025.</ref> <ref name="codesria">{{Cite web |title=Pr. Mahmood Mamdani (1998-2002) |url=https://codesria.org/pr-mahmood-mamdani-1998-2002/ |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> Yakulira mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=23 February 2021 |title=Mahmood Mamdani on Uganda |url=https://africasacountry.com/2011/04/mamdani-on-uganda |website=Africa is a Country}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Permanent Minorities and the Politics of Survivors: A conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://worldpeacefoundation.org/blog/permanent-minorities-and-the-politics-of-survivors-a-conversation-with-mahmood-mamdani/ |website=World Peace Foundation}}</ref> ng'omu ku [[:en:Indian_diaspora_in_Southeast_Africa|Bayindi ababundabunda mu bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba bwa Afrika]] . Bazadde be bombi, [[:en:Gujarati_Muslim|basiraamu Abagujarati]], baazaalibwa era ne bakulira mu kitundu kya Bungereza eky'amatwale ki [[:en:Tanganyika_Territory|Tanganyika]] (leero Tanzania). Abafumbo bano baagenda e Bombay olwo kitaawe n’asomerayo mu ttendekero ekkulu. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Chen |first=Kuan-Hsing |last2=Gao |first2=Shiming |last3=Tang |first3=Xiaolin |date=2016 |title=The formation of an African intellectual: an interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |journal=Inter-Asia Cultural Studies |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=456–480 |doi=10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref>Muhoozi, Mourice (6 March 2022). [https://www.watchdoguganda.com/news/20220306/131449/meet-ugandas-most-iconic-academician-prof-mahmood-mamdani.html "Meet Uganda's most Iconic academician, Prof. Mahmood Mamdani"]. ''Watchdog Uganda''</ref> Famire yaddayo e [[:en:Dar_es_Salaam|Dar es Salaam]], Tanganyika, nga Mamdani wa myaka ebiri, ne bagenda e Uganda nga wa myaka etaano oba mukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Mu kiseera ekyo, Uganda yali yayawulwamu okusinziira ku mawanga, omuli abantu gye babeera, amasomero, emizikiti, n’ebifo abaana we bazannyira. Okusoma kwe mu pulayimale, Mamdani yasooka kugenda mu [[:en:Madrasa|madarasa]], n’oluvannyuma mu Government Indian Primary School. <ref name=":8"/> Yakula ng'ayogera [[:en:Gujarati_language|Olugujarati]], [[:en:Urdu|Oluurdu]] [[:en:Swahili_language|n'Oluswayiri]] . Yatandika okusoma Olungereza mu kibiina eky’omukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Oluvannyuma lw’okusoma siniya ey’awansi, yasomera ku Old Kampala Senior Secondary School, gye yali omuwandiisi w’ekibiina kya Do-it-Yourself Physics. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uganda: Buganda And Uganda At Crossroads |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090826030635/http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |archive-date=26 August 2009 |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=AllAfrica}}</ref> Mamdani yali omu ku bayizi Bannayuganda 23 abaali mu kibiina kya [[:en:The_Kennedy_Airlift|Kennedy Airlift]] mu 1963, enteekateeka ya sikaala eyaweebwa ssente okuva mu Amerika eyaleetera ebikumi n’ebikumi by'abayizi okuva mu [[:en:East_Africa|Buvanjuba bwa Afrika]] okusomera ku yunivasite mu Amerika ne Canada wakati wa 1959 ne 1963. <ref name="indian tele">{{Cite web |last=Sen |first=Manjula |date=25 January 2009 |title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |archive-date=2 February 2009 |access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref> Mamdani yatikkirwa diguli ya Bachelor of Arts okuva mu [[:en:University_of_Pittsburgh|Yunivasite y’e Pittsburgh]] <ref name="codesria"/> mu 1967. <ref>{{Cite book |date=1 January 2010 |title=International Encyclopedia of Civil Society |url=https://link.springer.com/referencework/10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |vauthors=((Anheier, H. K.)), ((Toepler, S.)) |publisher=Springer US |isbn=978-0-387-93994-0 |editor-last=Anheier |editor-first=Helmut K. |doi=10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |editor-last2=Toepler |editor-first2=Stefan}}</ref> Yali omu ku bayizi abangi mu bukiikakkono bwa Amerika abaali mu lugendo lwa bbaasi mu bukiikaddyo okutuuka e [[:en:Montgomery,_Alabama|Montgomery, Alabama]], olwategekebwa [[:en:Student_Nonviolent_Coordinating_Committee|akakiiko akakwasaganya abayizi abatali ba ffujjo]] mu Gwokusatu 1965 okwetaba mu kaweefube w'okulwanirira [[:en:Civil_rights_movement|eddembe ly’obuntu]] . Kino kyaliwo mu kiseera ky’okutambula okuva e [[:en:Selma_to_Montgomery_marches|Selma okutuuka e Montgomery]], naye nga kyo kya njawulo. Yasibibwa mu kkomera mu kutambula kuno era n’akkirizibwa okukuba essimu. Mamdani yakubira [[:en:Embassy_of_Uganda,_Washington,_D.C.|omubaka wa Uganda]] e [[:en:Washington,_DC|Washington, DC]], amuyambe. Omubaka yamubuuza lwaki "ayingirira ensonga z'omunda mu nsi engwira", n'amuddamu nti teyali nsonga ya munda wabula olutalo lw'eddembe era nti nabo eddembe lyabwe baali bakalifuna omwaka ogwakaggwa. <ref name="pambazuka">{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=28 April 2007 |title=The Asian question again: A reflection |url=http://www.pambazuka.org/en/category/comment/41273 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]] (Uganda) |via=pambazuka.org}}</ref> Amangu ddala nga wayiseewo akaseera katono, Mamdani yategeera ku mulimu gwa [[:en:Karl_Marx|Karl Marx]] okuva mu kukyala kwe ku FBI. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Shringarpure |first=Bhakti |author-link=Bhakti Shringarpure |date=15 July 2013 |title=In Conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.warscapes.com/conversations/conversation-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=6 November 2017 |website=Warscapes |language=en |quote=I thought the guy Marx had just died. […] So that was my introduction to Karl Marx.}}</ref> Yasomera ku [[:en:Fletcher_School_of_Law_and_Diplomacy|Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy]] mu [[:en:Tufts_University|Yunivasite ya Tufts]] era mu 1968 yatikkirwa diguli ya Master of Arts mu [[:en:Political_science|byobufuzi]] ne Master of Arts mu mateeka ne diplomacy mu 1969. Yafuna diguli ye [[:en:Doctor_of_philosophy|eyookusatu]] mu gavumenti okuva mu [[:en:Harvard_University|Yunivasite y'e Harvard]] mu 1974, wansi w’obulagirizi bwa [[:en:Karl_Deutsch|Karl Deutsch]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and class formation in Uganda |url=http://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=978-0-85345-378-9 |location=New York |via=Internet Archive}}</ref> Omulamwa kw'eyatambuliza ddiguli ye eyookusatu yagiwa omutwe "''Politics and Class Formation in Uganda."'' <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and Class Formation in Uganda |url=https://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=0-85345-378-0 |location=New York |oclc=2073894 |url-access=registration}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Allen |first=Judith Van |last2=Mamdani |first2=Mahmood |last3=Shivji |first3=Issa G. |date=November 1977 |title=Reviewed Works: Politics and Class Formation in Uganda. by Mahmood Mamdani; Class Struggles in Tanzania. by Issa G. Shivji |journal=Contemporary Sociology |publisher=American Sociological Association |volume=6 |issue=6 |pages=702 |doi=10.2307/2066367 |issn=0094-3061 |eissn=1939-8638 |jstor=2066367}}</ref> == Emirimu gye == Mamdani yakomawo mu Uganda ku ntandikwa ya 1972 era naweebwa omulimu ku [[Makerere University, Uganda|yunivasite y'e Makerere]] mu Kampala [[:en:Teaching_assistant|ng'ayambako omusomesa]], mu kiseera kye kimu yali akola ku kunoonyereza kwe okwa ddiguli eyookusatu. . Ye n’Abaasia abasinga obungi [[:en:Expulsion_of_Asians_from_Uganda|baagobebwa]] mu Uganda ku nkomerero y’omwaka ogwo [[Idi Amin]] olw’amawanga gaabwe; Amin yali agenderera "kuzzaawo" bizinensi n'ebintu. Mamdani yava mu Uganda n’agenda mu nkambi y’ababundabunda mu Bungereza ku ntandikwa y'omwezi Gwekkuminoogumu. <ref name="lrb2022">{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2022-10-06 |title=The Asian Question |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v44/n19/mahmood-mamdani/the-asian-question |journal=[[London Review of Books]] |language=en |volume=44 |issue=19 |issn=0260-9592 |access-date=2025-09-08}}</ref> Yava e Bungereza mu makkati ga 1973 oluvannyuma lw’okuyingizibwa mu [[:en:University_of_Dar_es_Salaam|Yunivasite y’e Dar es Salaam]] mu Tanzania. <ref name="pambazuka"/> <ref name="cas2018">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> <ref name="bio2">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> Mu Dar es Salaam, yamaliriza okuwandiika dissertation ye. Yali mujjumbize nnyo n’ebibiina ebiwakanya Amin. Mu 1979, yeetaba mu Ttabamiruka w’e Moshi ng’omutunuulizi. Yaddayo mu Uganda oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa ku bukulembeze oluvannyuma lw'olutalo lwa [[Olutalo lwa Uganda ne Tanzania|Uganda ne Tanzania]] mu 1979. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McCormack |first=Pete |date=17 October 2005 |title=Interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.petemccormack.com/interview_mamdani_001.htm |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=petemccormack.com}}</ref> <ref name="bio2" /> Mu kiseera kino, yakozesebwa ng'omutendeke mu kibiina kya [[:en:All_Africa_Conference_of_Churches|All Africa Conference of Churches]], omukago [[:en:Ecumenical_Christian|gw'Abakristaayo ogw'ensi yonna]] ogusangibwa e [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, ng'akolera mu ofiisi [[:en:Church_of_Uganda|y'Ekkanisa ya Uganda]] mu Kampala. <ref name="lrb2022"/> Okuva mu 1980 (oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa mu ntebe mu 1979) okutuuka mu 1993 yaddamu okukolera yunivasite y’e Makerere. <ref name="bio2"/> <ref name="lrb2022"/>​[[Milton Obote|​]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kagolo |first=Francis |date=8 February 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani to be honoured among Africa's best |url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/628869-prof-mamdani-to-be-honoured-among-africa-s-best.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]]}}</ref> Yaddayo e Dar es Salaam. Oluvannyuma lwa Obote okugobwa mu ntebe omulundi ogwokubiri, Mamdani yaddamu okudda mu Uganda mu Gwomukaaga 1986. <ref name="indian tele"/> Yali dayirekita eyatandikawo ekitongole kya Centre for Basic Research (CBR), ekitongole kya Uganda ekitali kya gavumenti ekyasooka mu kunoonyereza, mwe yaweereza okuva mu 1987 okutuuka mu 1996. <ref name="diaspora">{{Cite web |date=29 November 2012 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012 |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=ugandandiaspora.com}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> <ref name="csds">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Yaliko pulofeesa omugenyi ku [[:en:University_of_Durban-Westville|Yunivasite y’e Durban]] - [[:en:Westville,_KwaZulu-Natal|Westville]] mu South Africa (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka mu Gwomukaaga 1993), ku [[:en:Nehru_Memorial_Museum_&_Library|Nehru Memorial Museum & Library]] e New Delhi (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka Gwomukaaga 1995), ne mu [[:en:Princeton_University|Yunivasite y'e Princeton]] (1995–96). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vance |first=Dara |date=2015-11-20 |title=UK Committee on Social Theory Hosts Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://uknow.uky.edu/uk-happenings/uk-committee-social-theory-hosts-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=UKNow}}</ref> Mu 1996, yalondebwa okubeera omukulembeze w’entebe ya [[:en:Archibald_Campbell_Jordan|AC Jordan]] ey'ensoma y'Afirika mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y’e Cape Town]], <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 March 2011 |title=UCT in war over 'bantu education' |url=http://mg.co.za/article/2011-03-11-uct-in-war-over-bantu-education |access-date=22 March 2013}}</ref> era ku ntandikwa ya 1997 n’afuuka akulira [[:en:Centre_for_African_Studies|ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku by'ensoma y'Afirika]] (CAS). <ref name="uwn2018">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> Yavaawo oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obutakkaanya n'abasomesa (abasinga obungi abazungu) ku bbago ly'ensoma ye ey'omusomo ogw'omusingi ku Afrika oguyitibwa "Problematising Africa". <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=June 1, 1998 |title=Is African studies to be turned into a new home for Bantu education at UCT? |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/02533959808458649 |journal=Social Dynamics |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=63–75 |doi=10.1080/02533959808458649 |issn=0253-3952 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> Mamdani, eyalaga nti ensoma eriwo eya " [[:en:Bantu_Education_Act,_1953|Bantu studies]] " (mu kujjuliza ku kusomesa Abaddugavu wansi w'enfuga [[:en:Apartheid|y'obusosoze]] ) <ref name="cas2018" /> yayimirizibwa era okukkakkana ng'alekulidde. <ref name="davis2017">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> "Ensonga ya Mamdani" ekyayogerwako mu kukubaganya ebirowoozo ku [[:en:Decolonization_of_higher_education_in_South_Africa|kununula amatendekero aga waggulu okuva mu nsoma y'abamatwale]] . Oluvannyuma yagamba nti teyalina busungu ku muntu yenna, era yalina enkolagana ennungi ekiseera kye yamalayo. Yagamba nti obutakwatagana bwali ku njawulo mu ndowooza n'addala ensengeka y’ensoma ku bikwata ku kusoma South Africa ng’ensi ya Afrika. Oluvannyuma (2018) yakomezebwawo nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa asuutibwa. [ b ] <ref name="uwn2018" /> Mu 1999, Mamdani yalondebwa okuba dayirekita w’ekitongole ekikola ku by’okunoonyereza ku Afirika mu yunivasite ya Columbia, ekifo kye yalina okutuusa mu 2004. <ref name="uwn2018"/> Okuva olwo abadde asomesa eyo (nga 2025). <ref name="haag2025">{{Cite web |last=Haag |first=Matthew |last2=Goldberg |first2=Emma |date=27 June 2025 |title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |archive-date=7 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku mbeera z’abantu ekya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=18 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University]] |archive-date=2 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002055113/http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Agaba |first=John |title=Mamdani talks about his research legacy and work at Makerere |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20220329112608625 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="bio2"/> Okutuuka mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2025 [[:en:Columbia_University#Academics|pulofeesa wa Herbert Lehman mu Gavumenti]] era pulofeesa ku nkula y'abantu, okusoma saayansi w'ebyobufuzi [[:en:African_studies|n'okusoma ku Afirika]] ku [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]].<ref name="bio2" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Faculty Bio: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/anthropology/fac-bios/mamdani/faculty.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Era akola nga chancellor wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://kiu.ac.ug/news-page.php?i=press-release-kampala-international-university-kiu-appoints-prof-mahmood-mamdani-as-chancellor |access-date=24 August 2020 |publisher=[[Kampala International University]]}}</ref> == Okunoonyereza n'okuwandiika == Mamdani yeemalira mu kunoonyereza ku byobufuzi bya Afirika n'eby'ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw'amatwale]] [[:en:Postcolonialism|n'oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale]], n'ebyobufuzi by'ebyenfuna. Ebitabo bye byekenneenya enkolagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'ebyobuwangwa, okugeraageranya [[:en:Colonialism|okufugibwa kw'amatwale]] okuva mu 1452, ebyafaayo by'entalo z'omunda [[:en:Genocide|n'ekitta bantu]] mu Afirika, [[:en:Cold_War|Olutalo olw'Ensi Yonna olw'ebigambo]] [[:en:War_on_terror|n'olutalo ku butujju]], n'ebyafaayo by'eddembe ly'obuntu.<ref>vSneh, Itai Nartzizenfield (2008). [https://books.google.com/books?id=iax4AAAAMAAJ ''The Future Almost Arrived: How Jimmy Carter Failed to Change U.S. Foreign Policy''.] [[:en:Peter_Lang_(publishing_company)|Peter Lang]]. p. 169. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780820481852|9780820481852]]</bdi>.</ref> Okunoonyereza kwe okw'omwaka 2016 kwatandikira ku kitabo kye eky'omwaka 1996, [[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]. <ref>[http://polisci.columbia.edu/people/profile/96 "Mahmood Mamdani | Department of Political Science"]. ''polisci.columbia.edu''. Retrieved 21 January 2016.</ref>Mu kitabo ekyo, yagamba nti eggwanga eryafugibwa terisobola kutegeerwa nga tewekenenyeza bulungi eggwanga eryalifuga.Enkola y'obufuzi bw'amatwale mu Afirika yali eddamu okusoomoozebwa kw'ekibuuzo "ekikulu", era yagamba nti yafuuka "amawanga agaabuluziddwamu".<ref name=":0">Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. pp. 15–16. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|<bdi>9780852553992</bdi>.]]</ref>Kino kyali kikolebwa mu ngeri bbiri: ku ludda olumu nga bafuga butereevu, nga kino kyali kikolwa kya "buyinza" era nga kyali kigenderera okuggya abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo ku ddembe ly'obuntu eryali liweebwa abatuuze mu bitundu ebirala, ate ku ludda olulala nga bafuga mu ngeri etali y'abuteerevu, nga kino kyali kikolebwa mu byalo era nga kizingiramu okuyingiza "bannansi" mu "mateeka g'eggwanga" agaateekebwawo ab'obuyinza mu byalo, era nga kino yakiyita "obwannakyemalira obw'okugabanya obuyinza".<ref name=":0" /> Embeera eno yali "yakusika muguwa" era ng'erimu "engeri bbiri ez'obuyinza wansi w'obuyinza obumu".<ref name=":0" /> Oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale, ebibuga byali tebikyayawulamu bantu lwa langi naye ebyalo byali bikyafugibwa abakulembeze abaali mu nkwawa z'abafuzi b'amatwale, ka babe abakulembeze ab'ennono oba b'ebali bakwasizzaobuyinza nga balina ebiruubirirwa by'okufugisa omukono ogw'ekyuma.<ref>Clapham, Chris (1997). "Review: Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism by Mahmood Mamdani'". ''Royal Institute of International Affairs''. '''73''': 606.</ref>Mu ngeri eno obukulembeze bwonna bwaleeta enjawukana mu mawnga era n'ekutondawo obukulembeze bwabwe obw'enjawulo obwannakyemalira.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref> Mamdani yekennenya ebyafaayo mu South Africa ne Uganda okulaga nti obufuzi bw'amatwale bwakozesa obuyinza obuyitiridde era obuyinza obwo bweyongera okubaawo oluvannyuma lw'ameefuga.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. p. 37. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref>Ng’asomooza endowooza eza bulijjo ku busosoze mu South Afrika nga ez’enjawulo, agamba nti [[:en:Apartheid|obusosoze mu mawanga]] bwali ngeri ya bulijjo ey’ettwale lya Bulaaya mu Africa, nga lizingiramu ensonga [[:en:Indirect_rule|z’obufuzi obutali butereevu]] n’okukwatagana<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1 January 1996 |title=Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism |isbn=9780852553992 |pages=16–18}}</ref> Mu kitabo kye ekyafulumizibwa mu 2004 ekya ''Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: America, the Cold War, and the Roots of Terror'' Mamdani yagamba nti [[:en:Suicide_attack|abeetuze]] balina okumanyibwa "ng'ekika ky'omujaasi" era nti balina "okutegeerwa mu ngeri y'effujjo ly'ebyobufuzi ery'omulembe guno okusinga okuvumwavumwa ng'akabonero k'obukambwe". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bickerton |first=James |date=2025-07-11 |title=Zohran Mamdani's father's remark about suicide bombers comes under scrutiny |url=https://www.newsweek.com/zohran-mamdani-father-remark-about-suicide-bombers-comes-under-scrutiny-2097793 |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref> Omuyivu omu yagamba nti kino si kuwagira kwettisa bbomu wabula kwekenneenya okwanenya '"okusalawo kwa Amerika ku nkola y'ensonga z'ebweru naddala mu kiseera ky'olutalo olw'ebigambo", okutondawo embeera [[:en:Islamic_extremism|y'Obusiraamu obw'annalukalala]] [[:en:Political_violence|n'effujjo mu byobufuzi]] " mwe byakulaakulanira. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Murray |first=Conor |date=Jul 11, 2025 |title=Mahmood Mamdani's Work Does Not Advocate Violence, Expert Says |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/conormurray/2025/07/11/sequoias-maguire-unfairly-targets-zohran-mamdanis-father-fellow-academic-says/ |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko bye bifulumiddde mu ''[[:en:London_Review_of_Books|London Review of Books]]'' n'ekampuni ezifulumya ebitabo ebirala.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/contributors/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=London Review of Books |language=en-GB}}</ref> Okusinziira ku CAS, ebiwandiiko bya Mamdani "bibadde bikulu mu kusomebwa abayizi abali ku misomo gyabwe egya undergraduate ne Postgraduate ku UCT ssaako n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo ku nsoma y'ebyafaayo n'ebyobufuzi bya Afirika , nga banonyereza ku nkwatagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'obuwangwa, okugerageranya obufuzi bw'amatwale, entalo ez'omunda mu ggwanga n'ekittabantu mu Afirika".<ref name="uwn20182">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> == Emirimu gy'emirala == Okuva mu 1998 <ref name="bio22">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> oba 1999 okutuuka mu 2002, Mamdani yaweereza nga pulezidenti w'olukiiko olukulaakulanya okunoonyereza ku ssaayansi w'embeera z'abantu mu Afrika ([[:en:Council_for_the_Development_of_Social_Science_Research_in_Africa|Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa]]). <ref name="cas20182">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumineebiri 2001, yawa okwogera ku "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" mu lukungaana lwa [[:en:Nobel_Prize|Nobel Centennial Symposium]] e [[:en:Oslo|Oslo]], Norway. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 December 2001 |title=Speech by Dr. Mahmood Mamdani: "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/mediaplayer/index.php?id=1281 |access-date=24 March 2013 |publisher=Nobel Prize}}</ref> Mu Gwomwenda 2006, Mamdani yali omu ku boogezi abaayitibwa mu lukuŋŋaana lw’ekibiina kya [[:en:Ugandan_North_American_Association_(UNAA)|Uganda North American Association (UNAA)]] mu kibuga New York. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2006-09-05 |title=UNAA Convention was disorganised! |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/news/1141390/unaa-convention-disorganised |access-date=2026-02-18 |publisher=New Vision (Kampala)}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano 2011, mu kiseera ky'okwekalakaasa okwali mu kibangirizi kya Tahrir([[:en:Tahrir_Square_protests|Tahrir Square protests]]) mu kibuga [[:en:Cairo|Cairo]], Misiri, Mamdani yayitibwa okwogerako mu [[:en:American_University_of_Cairo|Yunivasite y’Amerika e Cairo]]. Ng’ayogera eri abayizi mu [[:en:University_of_KwaZulu-Natal|yunivasite y’e KwaZulu-Natal]] mu South Africa mu 2012, kino yakigeraageranya n’obwegugungo obwaliwo mu Soweto ([[:en:1976_Soweto_uprising|Soweto Uprising]]) mu 1976 . <ref name="kwazulu2012">{{Cite web |date=24 April 2012 |title=Address on Receiving an Honorary Doctorate at the University of Kwazulu Natal |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/mesaas/images/faculty/news/Mamdani%20commencement.pdf |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumi 2011, Mamdani (nga bali wamu ne Rhoda Ann Kanaaneh) y'eyali omwogezi omukulu mu lukungaana lw’eggwanga olwasooka olw’abayizi olwa [[:en:Students_for_Justice_in_Palestine|Students for Justice in Palestine]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Silver |first=Carly |date=2011-10-16 |title=Reporting live from the first-ever SJP National Conference |url=https://newvoices.org/2011/10/15/reporting-live-from-the-first-ever-sjp-national-conference/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=New Voices |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nathan-Kazis |first=Josh |date=2011-10-11 |title=Pro-Palestinian Student Activists Plan First National Conference |url=https://forward.com/news/144173/pro-palestinian-student-activists-plan-push/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=The Forward |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2017 yayitibwa okuwa omusomo ku lunaku lwa [[:en:TB_Davie_Memorial_Lecture|TB Davie Memorial]] ku ddembe ly'okusoma mu Yunivasite y'e Cape Town, era emboozi ye, eyatuumibwa "Decolonising the Post-Colonial University" yaleetawo okukubaganya ebirowoozo kungi. <ref name="uwn20183">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="davis20172">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> Okuva mu Gwekkumineebiri 2017 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2018, Mamdani yaweereza nga Rajni Kothari Chair Professor mu [[:en:Centre_for_the_Study_of_Developing_Societies|Center for the Study of Developing Societies]] mu [[:en:Delhi|Delhi,]] Buyindi. Oluvannyuma lw'ekisanja kye okuggwako, nga 4 Ogwokuna 2018 yawa omusomo gwa Rajni Kothari Chair ogutegekebwa buli mwaka, ogwatuumibwa "Okulowooza ku bwenkanya okuyita mu bumanyirivu bw'Afirika mu kyasa eky'amakumi abiri". <ref name="csds2">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Alabikidde mu firimu z’ebyafaayo ng’omukugu okugeza, ''[[:en:Rwanda:_The_Untold_Story|Rwanda: The Untold Story]]'' (2014, [[:en:BBC|BBC]] ), ''The Dictator’s Playbook'' (2018, [[:en:PBS|PBS]] ) ne ''[[:en:How_to_Become_a_Tyrant|How to Become a Tyrant]]'' (2021, [[:en:Netflix|Netflix]]). <ref>{{Cite AV media|url=https://www.pbs.org/video/idi-amin-3ol3rz/|title=The Dictator's Playbook {{!}} Idi Amin {{!}} Episode 6|language=en|publisher=[[PBS]]|via=}}</ref> Yalabikira mu firimu ya [[:en:Cameo_appearance|cameo]] ,mu firimu ya 2012 ''eya [[:en:The_Reluctant_Fundamentalist_(film)|The Reluctant Fundamentalist]]'', eyakulemberwamu mukyala we. <ref>{{Cite AV media|title=[[The Reluctant Fundamentalist]]|date=2012|last=Nair|first=Mira|publisher=[[IFC Films]]}}</ref> Mu 2024, yeegatta ku [[:en:Gaza_tribunal|Gaza Tribunal]], eyagenderera "okuzuukusa ebibiina by'obwannakyewa ku buvunaanyizibwa bwabyo n'okukomya ekittabantu kya Yisirayiri mu Gaza." <ref>{{Cite web |title=Home |url=https://gazatribunal.com/ |access-date=2025-12-07 |website=Gaza Tribunal |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title='Gaza Tribunal' established in London to seek justice for war crimes in Gaza |url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/europe/-gaza-tribunal-established-in-london-to-seek-justice-for-war-crimes-in-gaza/3383887 |access-date=2026-01-07 |website=www.aa.com.tr}}</ref> == Okusiimibwa == Mu 2008, mu kunoonyereza okwakolebwa ku mutimbagano mu lwatu, Mamdani yalondebwa ng'owomwenda ku bantu abagezi abasinga mu nsi yonna ku lukalala lw'abagezigezi 100 okuva mu ''[[:en:Prospect_(magazine)|Prospect Magazine]]'' (UK) ne ''[[:en:Foreign_Policy|Foreign Policy]]'' (US). <ref>{{Cite web |date=2008 |title=The 2008 List |url=http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/prospect-100-intellectuals/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090930143349/http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/prospect-100-intellectuals/ |archive-date=30 September 2009 |publisher=[[Prospect (magazine)|Prospect Magazine]] (UK) / [[Foreign Policy]] (US)}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |date=2008 |title=The World's Top 20 Public Intellectuals |journal=Foreign Policy |publisher=Slate Group, LLC |issue=167 |pages=54–57 |issn=0015-7228 |eissn=1945-2276 |jstor=25462318}}</ref> Mu Gwomusanvu 2017, Mamdani yalondebwa okubeera [[:en:Corresponding_Fellow_of_the_British_Academy|Omukwanaganya wa British Academy (FBA)]], ettendekero ly’eggwanga erya Bungereza erikola ku by’obuntubulamu ne ssaayansi w’embeera z’abantu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 July 2017 |title=Elections to the British Academy celebrate the diversity of UK research |url=http://www.britac.ac.uk/news/elections-british-academy-celebrate-diversity-uk-research |access-date=29 July 2017 |website=British Academy}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano nga 28, 2018 ( [[:en:Africa_Day|Africa Day]] ), Mamdani yalondebwa okuba pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa mu Center for African Studies mu Yunivasite y’e Cape Town. Dayirekita wa CAS [[:en:Lungisile_Ntsebeza|Lungisile Ntsebeza]], okulondebwa kuno yakuyita kwa "byafaayo mu bitongole", era nga kikulu mu nteekateeka y'okufuna obwetwaze bwa yunivasite m okuva mu kwekalakaasa kw'abayizi okwa " [[:en:Rhodes_Must_Fall|Rhodes Must Fall]] " mu Gwokusatu 2015. Abakulembeze b'abayizi bangi baali balaze obukulu bwa Ssikaala ya Mamdani, era okusinziira ku kino, UCT yandibadde ekola enkyukakyuka ez'omuggundu ku ntegeka y'ensoma. <ref name="uwn20184">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="cas20183">{{Cite web|title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT|website=Centre for African Studies, UCT|date=28 May 2018|url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-date=7 November 2025|url-status=live|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Prof Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/contacts/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041546/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/contacts/mahmood-mamdani |archive-date=4 Oct 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Faculty of Humanities}}</ref> === Engule n’okusunsulwa === * 1997: [[:en:Herskovits_Prize|Herskovits Prize]] for ''[[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]''<ref name="cas20184">{{cite web |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT|website=Centre for African Studies, UCT|date=28 May 2018|url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-date=7 November 2025|url-status=live|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> * 1999: [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|University of Cape Town]] Book Award for ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism''<ref>{{cite web |title=UCT Book Award |url=https://www.uct.ac.za/about/honours/bookaward/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130404065845/http://www.uct.ac.za/about/honours/bookaward/ |archive-date=4 April 2013 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[University of Cape Town]]}}</ref> * 2009: GDS Eminent Scholar Award from the [[:en:International_Studies_Association|International Studies Association]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=GDS Eminent Scholar Award Past Recipients |url=https://www.isanet.org/Programs/Awards/GDS-Eminent-Scholar/Past-Recipients |access-date=16 January 2019 |website=www.isanet.org}}</ref> * 2011: [[:en:H._F._Lenfest|Lenfest]] Distinguished Faculty Award<ref>{{cite web |date=15 April 2011 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani Recognized with Lenfest Award |url=http://www.sipa.columbia.edu/news_events/announcements/MahmoodMamdaniFacultyAward04152011.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121221034143/http://sipa.columbia.edu/news_events/announcements/MahmoodMamdaniFacultyAward04152011.html |archive-date=21 December 2012 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[School of International and Public Affairs, Columbia University]]}}</ref> * 2012: Scholar of the Year at the 2nd Annual African Diaspora Awards for his immense contribution to African Scholarship<ref>{{cite web |date=19 November 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani Is To Be Honored As "Scholar of the Year" At The Annual African Diaspora Awards NYC |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/news/prof-mamdani-be-honored-scholar-year-annual-african-diaspora-awards-nyc |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University|MISR]]}}</ref> * 2012: Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012<ref name="diaspora2">{{cite web |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora|title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012|date=29 November 2012|publisher=ugandandiaspora.com|access-date=21 March 2013|archive-date=1 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora|url-status=dead}}</ref> * 2021: ''[[:en:Neither_Settler_Nor_Native:_The_Making_and_Unmaking_of_Permanent_Minorities|Neither Settler Nor Native: The Making and Unmaking of Permanent Minorities]]'' (2020), shortlisted for the [[:en:British_Academy_Book_Prize_for_Global_Cultural_Understanding|British Academy Book Prize for Global Cultural Understanding]], and as "World History Finalist" by Association of American Publishers Awards for Professional and Scholarly Excellence ([[:en:PROSE_Awards|PROSE Awards]])<ref name="bio23">{{cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani|website=Department of Anthropology|url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> === Diguli ez’ekitiibwa === * 25 Ogwokutaano 2010: [[:en:University_of_Johannesburg|University of Johannesburg]], [[:en:DLitt|DLitt]] ([[:en:Honoris_Causa|Honoris Causa]])<ref>{{cite web |date=May 2010 |title=Mahmood Mamdani conferred with an honorary doctorate |url=http://www.uj.ac.za/EN/Newsroom/News/Pages/MahmoodMamdaniconferredwithanhonorarydoctorate201006222.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130421210222/http://www.uj.ac.za/EN/Newsroom/News/Pages/MahmoodMamdaniconferredwithanhonorarydoctorate201006222.aspx |archive-date=21 April 2013 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[University of Johannesburg]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=25 May 2010 |title=Speech delivered by Professor Prof Mahmood Mamdani at the University of Johannesburg, South Africa |url=http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech-2.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501065506/http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech-2.pdf |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[CODESRIA]]}}</ref> * 24 Ogwomusanvu 2010: [[:en:Addis_Ababa_University|Addis Ababa University]], DLitt (Honoris Causa)<ref>{{cite web |date=24 July 2010 |title=Remarks on receipt of Honorary Doctorate at Addis Ababa University |url=http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech_2-2.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501065507/http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech_2-2.pdf |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[CODESRIA]]}}</ref> * 24 Ogwokuna 2012: [[:en:University_of_KwaZulu-Natal|University of KwaZulu-Natal]], DLitt (Honoris Causa)<ref>{{cite web |date=12 April 2012 |title=Media Statement: UKZN To honour leading South Africans and women graduates excel |url=http://www.ukzn.ac.za/docs/media-releases/graduation-2012.docx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305015502/http://www.ukzn.ac.za/docs/media-releases/graduation-2012.docx |archive-date=5 March 2016 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[University of KwaZulu-Natal]] |format=[[MS Word]]}}</ref><ref name="kwazulu20122">{{cite web |date=24 April 2012 |title=Address on Receiving an Honorary Doctorate at the University of Kwazulu Natal |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/mesaas/images/faculty/news/Mamdani%20commencement.pdf |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> == Obulamu bwe ng'omuntu == Mamdani yawasa [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]], dayirekita wa firimu era pulodyusa Omuyindi ng’abeera mu Amerika, mu 1991. Baasooka kusisinkana mu [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, n’oluvannyuma ne baddamu mu Kampala, Uganda, mu 1989 Nair bwe yali akola okunoonyereza ku firimu ye, ''[[Mississippi Masala]]'' . <ref name="lahr2002">{{cite interview|first=Mira|last=Nair|interviewer-last=Lahr|interviewer-first=John|title=Whirlwind|website=[[The New Yorker]]|date=2 December 2002|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|url-access=subscription|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141022030926/http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|archive-date=22 October 2014|url-status=live|quote=Published in the print edition of the December 9, 2002, issue.}}</ref> <ref name="indian tele2">{{Cite web|url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp|url-status=dead|archive-date=2 February 2009|title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly|last=Sen|first=Manjula|date=25 January 2009|access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref>Baagattibwa mu 1991. Mu 2025 Mamdani ne Nair babeera mu kitundu kya Morningside Heights mu Manhattan, okumpi ne Columbia University. <ref name="haag20252">{{Cite web|last=Haag|first=Matthew|last2=Goldberg|first2=Emma|title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics|website=[[The New York Times]]|date=27 June 2025|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html|archive-date=7 October 2025|url-status=live|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news}}</ref> == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] ec2tbi48l7eev3dqkd0t2lgyjh17oz2 48711 48710 2026-05-03T10:23:02Z Charles Kalanzi 9748 48711 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mahmood Mamdani''' [ a ] FBA (yazaalibwa 23 Ogwokuna 1946) munnayuganda [[:en:Anthropologist|omukugu mu by'enkula y'abantu]], munnaby'anjigiriza, era omukugu mu by'obufuzi. Ye Herbert Lehman Pulofeesa wa Gavumenti era pulofeesa w’ensonga z'ekikula ky'abantu, [[:en:Political_science|ssaayansi w’ebyobufuzi]], n’okunoonyereza [[:en:African_studies|ku nsoma y'Afirika]] mu [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]] . Era akola nga Ccansala wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda, era nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa ku Center for African Studis mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y'e Cape Town]] . Emabegako yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole kya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. Mamdani mukugu mu kusoma ebyobufuzi bya Afrika n’ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw’amatwale]] n’oluvannyuma [[:en:Postcolonialism|lw'obufuzi bw’amatwale]], n’ebyobufuzi [[:en:Knowledge_economy|by’ebyenfuna]] . Mufumbo nga mukazi we ye [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]] omuzannyi wa firimu . Ye ne Nair be bazadde ba [[:en:New_York_City_Mayor|Meeya w'ekibuga New York]] [[Zohran Mamdani]] . == Obuto bwe n’okusoma == Mahmood Mamdani yazaalibwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1946 mu [[:en:Bombay|kibuga Bombay]] (kati Mumbai), Buyindi, ng’ebula omwaka gumu [[:en:British_Raj|enfuga ya Bungereza]] ekome. <ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/education/news/mahmood-mamdani-education-and-career-path-how-zohran-mamdanis-father-built-a-legacy-of-revolution-through-ideas-and-exile/articleshow/122064130.cms "Mahmood Mamdani education and career path: How Zohran Mamdani's father built a legacy of revolution through ideas and exile"]. ''The Times of India''. 25 June 2025. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN&nbsp;]][https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-8257 0971-825]7. Retrieved 13 July 2025.</ref> <ref name="codesria">{{Cite web |title=Pr. Mahmood Mamdani (1998-2002) |url=https://codesria.org/pr-mahmood-mamdani-1998-2002/ |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> Yakulira mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=23 February 2021 |title=Mahmood Mamdani on Uganda |url=https://africasacountry.com/2011/04/mamdani-on-uganda |website=Africa is a Country}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Permanent Minorities and the Politics of Survivors: A conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://worldpeacefoundation.org/blog/permanent-minorities-and-the-politics-of-survivors-a-conversation-with-mahmood-mamdani/ |website=World Peace Foundation}}</ref> ng'omu ku [[:en:Indian_diaspora_in_Southeast_Africa|Bayindi ababundabunda mu bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba bwa Afrika]] . Bazadde be bombi, [[:en:Gujarati_Muslim|basiraamu Abagujarati]], baazaalibwa era ne bakulira mu kitundu kya Bungereza eky'amatwale ki [[:en:Tanganyika_Territory|Tanganyika]] (leero Tanzania). Abafumbo bano baagenda e Bombay olwo kitaawe n’asomerayo mu ttendekero ekkulu. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Chen |first=Kuan-Hsing |last2=Gao |first2=Shiming |last3=Tang |first3=Xiaolin |date=2016 |title=The formation of an African intellectual: an interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |journal=Inter-Asia Cultural Studies |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=456–480 |doi=10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref>Muhoozi, Mourice (6 March 2022). [https://www.watchdoguganda.com/news/20220306/131449/meet-ugandas-most-iconic-academician-prof-mahmood-mamdani.html "Meet Uganda's most Iconic academician, Prof. Mahmood Mamdani"]. ''Watchdog Uganda''</ref> Famire yaddayo e [[:en:Dar_es_Salaam|Dar es Salaam]], Tanganyika, nga Mamdani wa myaka ebiri, ne bagenda e Uganda nga wa myaka etaano oba mukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Mu kiseera ekyo, Uganda yali yayawulwamu okusinziira ku mawanga, omuli abantu gye babeera, amasomero, emizikiti, n’ebifo abaana we bazannyira. Okusoma kwe mu pulayimale, Mamdani yasooka kugenda mu [[:en:Madrasa|madarasa]], n’oluvannyuma mu Government Indian Primary School. <ref name=":8"/> Yakula ng'ayogera [[:en:Gujarati_language|Olugujarati]], [[:en:Urdu|Oluurdu]] [[:en:Swahili_language|n'Oluswayiri]] . Yatandika okusoma Olungereza mu kibiina eky’omukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Oluvannyuma lw’okusoma siniya ey’awansi, yasomera ku Old Kampala Senior Secondary School, gye yali omuwandiisi w’ekibiina kya Do-it-Yourself Physics. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uganda: Buganda And Uganda At Crossroads |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090826030635/http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |archive-date=26 August 2009 |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=AllAfrica}}</ref> Mamdani yali omu ku bayizi Bannayuganda 23 abaali mu kibiina kya [[:en:The_Kennedy_Airlift|Kennedy Airlift]] mu 1963, enteekateeka ya sikaala eyaweebwa ssente okuva mu Amerika eyaleetera ebikumi n’ebikumi by'abayizi okuva mu [[:en:East_Africa|Buvanjuba bwa Afrika]] okusomera ku yunivasite mu Amerika ne Canada wakati wa 1959 ne 1963. <ref name="indian tele">{{Cite web |last=Sen |first=Manjula |date=25 January 2009 |title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |archive-date=2 February 2009 |access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref> Mamdani yatikkirwa diguli ya Bachelor of Arts okuva mu [[:en:University_of_Pittsburgh|Yunivasite y’e Pittsburgh]] <ref name="codesria"/> mu 1967. <ref>{{Cite book |date=1 January 2010 |title=International Encyclopedia of Civil Society |url=https://link.springer.com/referencework/10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |vauthors=((Anheier, H. K.)), ((Toepler, S.)) |publisher=Springer US |isbn=978-0-387-93994-0 |editor-last=Anheier |editor-first=Helmut K. |doi=10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |editor-last2=Toepler |editor-first2=Stefan}}</ref> Yali omu ku bayizi abangi mu bukiikakkono bwa Amerika abaali mu lugendo lwa bbaasi mu bukiikaddyo okutuuka e [[:en:Montgomery,_Alabama|Montgomery, Alabama]], olwategekebwa [[:en:Student_Nonviolent_Coordinating_Committee|akakiiko akakwasaganya abayizi abatali ba ffujjo]] mu Gwokusatu 1965 okwetaba mu kaweefube w'okulwanirira [[:en:Civil_rights_movement|eddembe ly’obuntu]] . Kino kyaliwo mu kiseera ky’okutambula okuva e [[:en:Selma_to_Montgomery_marches|Selma okutuuka e Montgomery]], naye nga kyo kya njawulo. Yasibibwa mu kkomera mu kutambula kuno era n’akkirizibwa okukuba essimu. Mamdani yakubira [[:en:Embassy_of_Uganda,_Washington,_D.C.|omubaka wa Uganda]] e [[:en:Washington,_DC|Washington, DC]], amuyambe. Omubaka yamubuuza lwaki "ayingirira ensonga z'omunda mu nsi engwira", n'amuddamu nti teyali nsonga ya munda wabula olutalo lw'eddembe era nti nabo eddembe lyabwe baali bakalifuna omwaka ogwakaggwa. <ref name="pambazuka">{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=28 April 2007 |title=The Asian question again: A reflection |url=http://www.pambazuka.org/en/category/comment/41273 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]] (Uganda) |via=pambazuka.org}}</ref> Amangu ddala nga wayiseewo akaseera katono, Mamdani yategeera ku mulimu gwa [[:en:Karl_Marx|Karl Marx]] okuva mu kukyala kwe ku FBI. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Shringarpure |first=Bhakti |author-link=Bhakti Shringarpure |date=15 July 2013 |title=In Conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.warscapes.com/conversations/conversation-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=6 November 2017 |website=Warscapes |language=en |quote=I thought the guy Marx had just died. […] So that was my introduction to Karl Marx.}}</ref> Yasomera ku [[:en:Fletcher_School_of_Law_and_Diplomacy|Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy]] mu [[:en:Tufts_University|Yunivasite ya Tufts]] era mu 1968 yatikkirwa diguli ya Master of Arts mu [[:en:Political_science|byobufuzi]] ne Master of Arts mu mateeka ne diplomacy mu 1969. Yafuna diguli ye [[:en:Doctor_of_philosophy|eyookusatu]] mu gavumenti okuva mu [[:en:Harvard_University|Yunivasite y'e Harvard]] mu 1974, wansi w’obulagirizi bwa [[:en:Karl_Deutsch|Karl Deutsch]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and class formation in Uganda |url=http://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=978-0-85345-378-9 |location=New York |via=Internet Archive}}</ref> Omulamwa kw'eyatambuliza ddiguli ye eyookusatu yagiwa omutwe "''Politics and Class Formation in Uganda."'' <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and Class Formation in Uganda |url=https://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=0-85345-378-0 |location=New York |oclc=2073894 |url-access=registration}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Allen |first=Judith Van |last2=Mamdani |first2=Mahmood |last3=Shivji |first3=Issa G. |date=November 1977 |title=Reviewed Works: Politics and Class Formation in Uganda. by Mahmood Mamdani; Class Struggles in Tanzania. by Issa G. Shivji |journal=Contemporary Sociology |publisher=American Sociological Association |volume=6 |issue=6 |pages=702 |doi=10.2307/2066367 |issn=0094-3061 |eissn=1939-8638 |jstor=2066367}}</ref> == Emirimu gye == Mamdani yakomawo mu Uganda ku ntandikwa ya 1972 era naweebwa omulimu ku [[Makerere University, Uganda|yunivasite y'e Makerere]] mu Kampala [[:en:Teaching_assistant|ng'ayambako omusomesa]], mu kiseera kye kimu yali akola ku kunoonyereza kwe okwa ddiguli eyookusatu. . Ye n’Abaasia abasinga obungi [[:en:Expulsion_of_Asians_from_Uganda|baagobebwa]] mu Uganda ku nkomerero y’omwaka ogwo [[Idi Amin]] olw’amawanga gaabwe; Amin yali agenderera "kuzzaawo" bizinensi n'ebintu. Mamdani yava mu Uganda n’agenda mu nkambi y’ababundabunda mu Bungereza ku ntandikwa y'omwezi Gwekkuminoogumu. <ref name="lrb2022">{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2022-10-06 |title=The Asian Question |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v44/n19/mahmood-mamdani/the-asian-question |journal=[[London Review of Books]] |language=en |volume=44 |issue=19 |issn=0260-9592 |access-date=2025-09-08}}</ref> Yava e Bungereza mu makkati ga 1973 oluvannyuma lw’okuyingizibwa mu [[:en:University_of_Dar_es_Salaam|Yunivasite y’e Dar es Salaam]] mu Tanzania. <ref name="pambazuka"/> <ref name="cas2018">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> <ref name="bio2">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> Mu Dar es Salaam, yamaliriza okuwandiika dissertation ye. Yali mujjumbize nnyo n’ebibiina ebiwakanya Amin. Mu 1979, yeetaba mu Ttabamiruka w’e Moshi ng’omutunuulizi. Yaddayo mu Uganda oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa ku bukulembeze oluvannyuma lw'olutalo lwa [[Olutalo lwa Uganda ne Tanzania|Uganda ne Tanzania]] mu 1979. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McCormack |first=Pete |date=17 October 2005 |title=Interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.petemccormack.com/interview_mamdani_001.htm |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=petemccormack.com}}</ref> <ref name="bio2" /> Mu kiseera kino, yakozesebwa ng'omutendeke mu kibiina kya [[:en:All_Africa_Conference_of_Churches|All Africa Conference of Churches]], omukago [[:en:Ecumenical_Christian|gw'Abakristaayo ogw'ensi yonna]] ogusangibwa e [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, ng'akolera mu ofiisi [[:en:Church_of_Uganda|y'Ekkanisa ya Uganda]] mu Kampala. <ref name="lrb2022"/> Okuva mu 1980 (oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa mu ntebe mu 1979) okutuuka mu 1993 yaddamu okukolera yunivasite y’e Makerere. <ref name="bio2"/> <ref name="lrb2022"/>​[[Milton Obote|​]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kagolo |first=Francis |date=8 February 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani to be honoured among Africa's best |url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/628869-prof-mamdani-to-be-honoured-among-africa-s-best.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]]}}</ref> Yaddayo e Dar es Salaam. Oluvannyuma lwa Obote okugobwa mu ntebe omulundi ogwokubiri, Mamdani yaddamu okudda mu Uganda mu Gwomukaaga 1986. <ref name="indian tele"/> Yali dayirekita eyatandikawo ekitongole kya Centre for Basic Research (CBR), ekitongole kya Uganda ekitali kya gavumenti ekyasooka mu kunoonyereza, mwe yaweereza okuva mu 1987 okutuuka mu 1996. <ref name="diaspora">{{Cite web |date=29 November 2012 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012 |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=ugandandiaspora.com}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> <ref name="csds">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Yaliko pulofeesa omugenyi ku [[:en:University_of_Durban-Westville|Yunivasite y’e Durban]] - [[:en:Westville,_KwaZulu-Natal|Westville]] mu South Africa (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka mu Gwomukaaga 1993), ku [[:en:Nehru_Memorial_Museum_&_Library|Nehru Memorial Museum & Library]] e New Delhi (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka Gwomukaaga 1995), ne mu [[:en:Princeton_University|Yunivasite y'e Princeton]] (1995–96). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vance |first=Dara |date=2015-11-20 |title=UK Committee on Social Theory Hosts Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://uknow.uky.edu/uk-happenings/uk-committee-social-theory-hosts-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=UKNow}}</ref> Mu 1996, yalondebwa okubeera omukulembeze w’entebe ya [[:en:Archibald_Campbell_Jordan|AC Jordan]] ey'ensoma y'Afirika mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y’e Cape Town]], <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 March 2011 |title=UCT in war over 'bantu education' |url=http://mg.co.za/article/2011-03-11-uct-in-war-over-bantu-education |access-date=22 March 2013}}</ref> era ku ntandikwa ya 1997 n’afuuka akulira [[:en:Centre_for_African_Studies|ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku by'ensoma y'Afirika]] (CAS). <ref name="uwn2018">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> Yavaawo oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obutakkaanya n'abasomesa (abasinga obungi abazungu) ku bbago ly'ensoma ye ey'omusomo ogw'omusingi ku Afrika oguyitibwa "Problematising Africa". <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=June 1, 1998 |title=Is African studies to be turned into a new home for Bantu education at UCT? |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/02533959808458649 |journal=Social Dynamics |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=63–75 |doi=10.1080/02533959808458649 |issn=0253-3952 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> Mamdani, eyalaga nti ensoma eriwo eya " [[:en:Bantu_Education_Act,_1953|Bantu studies]] " (mu kujjuliza ku kusomesa Abaddugavu wansi w'enfuga [[:en:Apartheid|y'obusosoze]] ) <ref name="cas2018" /> yayimirizibwa era okukkakkana ng'alekulidde. <ref name="davis2017">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> "Ensonga ya Mamdani" ekyayogerwako mu kukubaganya ebirowoozo ku [[:en:Decolonization_of_higher_education_in_South_Africa|kununula amatendekero aga waggulu okuva mu nsoma y'abamatwale]] . Oluvannyuma yagamba nti teyalina busungu ku muntu yenna, era yalina enkolagana ennungi ekiseera kye yamalayo. Yagamba nti obutakwatagana bwali ku njawulo mu ndowooza n'addala ensengeka y’ensoma ku bikwata ku kusoma South Africa ng’ensi ya Afrika. Oluvannyuma (2018) yakomezebwawo nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa asuutibwa. [ b ] <ref name="uwn2018" /> Mu 1999, Mamdani yalondebwa okuba dayirekita w’ekitongole ekikola ku by’okunoonyereza ku Afirika mu yunivasite ya Columbia, ekifo kye yalina okutuusa mu 2004. <ref name="uwn2018"/> Okuva olwo abadde asomesa eyo (nga 2025). <ref name="haag2025">{{Cite web |last=Haag |first=Matthew |last2=Goldberg |first2=Emma |date=27 June 2025 |title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |archive-date=7 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku mbeera z’abantu ekya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=18 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University]] |archive-date=2 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002055113/http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Agaba |first=John |title=Mamdani talks about his research legacy and work at Makerere |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20220329112608625 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="bio2"/> Okutuuka mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2025 [[:en:Columbia_University#Academics|pulofeesa wa Herbert Lehman mu Gavumenti]] era pulofeesa ku nkula y'abantu, okusoma saayansi w'ebyobufuzi [[:en:African_studies|n'okusoma ku Afirika]] ku [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]].<ref name="bio2" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Faculty Bio: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/anthropology/fac-bios/mamdani/faculty.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Era akola nga chancellor wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://kiu.ac.ug/news-page.php?i=press-release-kampala-international-university-kiu-appoints-prof-mahmood-mamdani-as-chancellor |access-date=24 August 2020 |publisher=[[Kampala International University]]}}</ref> == Okunoonyereza n'okuwandiika == Mamdani yeemalira mu kunoonyereza ku byobufuzi bya Afirika n'eby'ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw'amatwale]] [[:en:Postcolonialism|n'oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale]], n'ebyobufuzi by'ebyenfuna. Ebitabo bye byekenneenya enkolagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'ebyobuwangwa, okugeraageranya [[:en:Colonialism|okufugibwa kw'amatwale]] okuva mu 1452, ebyafaayo by'entalo z'omunda [[:en:Genocide|n'ekitta bantu]] mu Afirika, [[:en:Cold_War|Olutalo olw'Ensi Yonna olw'ebigambo]] [[:en:War_on_terror|n'olutalo ku butujju]], n'ebyafaayo by'eddembe ly'obuntu.<ref>vSneh, Itai Nartzizenfield (2008). [https://books.google.com/books?id=iax4AAAAMAAJ ''The Future Almost Arrived: How Jimmy Carter Failed to Change U.S. Foreign Policy''.] [[:en:Peter_Lang_(publishing_company)|Peter Lang]]. p. 169. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780820481852|9780820481852]]</bdi>.</ref> Okunoonyereza kwe okw'omwaka 2016 kwatandikira ku kitabo kye eky'omwaka 1996, [[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]. <ref>[http://polisci.columbia.edu/people/profile/96 "Mahmood Mamdani | Department of Political Science"]. ''polisci.columbia.edu''. Retrieved 21 January 2016.</ref>Mu kitabo ekyo, yagamba nti eggwanga eryafugibwa terisobola kutegeerwa nga tewekenenyeza bulungi eggwanga eryalifuga.Enkola y'obufuzi bw'amatwale mu Afirika yali eddamu okusoomoozebwa kw'ekibuuzo "ekikulu", era yagamba nti yafuuka "amawanga agaabuluziddwamu".<ref name=":0">Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. pp. 15–16. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|<bdi>9780852553992</bdi>.]]</ref>Kino kyali kikolebwa mu ngeri bbiri: ku ludda olumu nga bafuga butereevu, nga kino kyali kikolwa kya "buyinza" era nga kyali kigenderera okuggya abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo ku ddembe ly'obuntu eryali liweebwa abatuuze mu bitundu ebirala, ate ku ludda olulala nga bafuga mu ngeri etali y'abuteerevu, nga kino kyali kikolebwa mu byalo era nga kizingiramu okuyingiza "bannansi" mu "mateeka g'eggwanga" agaateekebwawo ab'obuyinza mu byalo, era nga kino yakiyita "obwannakyemalira obw'okugabanya obuyinza".<ref name=":0" /> Embeera eno yali "yakusika muguwa" era ng'erimu "engeri bbiri ez'obuyinza wansi w'obuyinza obumu".<ref name=":0" /> Oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale, ebibuga byali tebikyayawulamu bantu lwa langi naye ebyalo byali bikyafugibwa abakulembeze abaali mu nkwawa z'abafuzi b'amatwale, ka babe abakulembeze ab'ennono oba b'ebali bakwasizzaobuyinza nga balina ebiruubirirwa by'okufugisa omukono ogw'ekyuma.<ref>Clapham, Chris (1997). "Review: Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism by Mahmood Mamdani'". ''Royal Institute of International Affairs''. '''73''': 606.</ref>Mu ngeri eno obukulembeze bwonna bwaleeta enjawukana mu mawnga era n'ekutondawo obukulembeze bwabwe obw'enjawulo obwannakyemalira.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref> Mamdani yekennenya ebyafaayo mu South Africa ne Uganda okulaga nti obufuzi bw'amatwale bwakozesa obuyinza obuyitiridde era obuyinza obwo bweyongera okubaawo oluvannyuma lw'ameefuga.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. p. 37. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref>Ng’asomooza endowooza eza bulijjo ku busosoze mu South Afrika nga ez’enjawulo, agamba nti [[:en:Apartheid|obusosoze mu mawanga]] bwali ngeri ya bulijjo ey’ettwale lya Bulaaya mu Africa, nga lizingiramu ensonga [[:en:Indirect_rule|z’obufuzi obutali butereevu]] n’okukwatagana<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1 January 1996 |title=Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism |isbn=9780852553992 |pages=16–18}}</ref> Mu kitabo kye ekyafulumizibwa mu 2004 ekya ''Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: America, the Cold War, and the Roots of Terror'' Mamdani yagamba nti [[:en:Suicide_attack|abeetuze]] balina okumanyibwa "ng'ekika ky'omujaasi" era nti balina "okutegeerwa mu ngeri y'effujjo ly'ebyobufuzi ery'omulembe guno okusinga okuvumwavumwa ng'akabonero k'obukambwe". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bickerton |first=James |date=2025-07-11 |title=Zohran Mamdani's father's remark about suicide bombers comes under scrutiny |url=https://www.newsweek.com/zohran-mamdani-father-remark-about-suicide-bombers-comes-under-scrutiny-2097793 |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref> Omuyivu omu yagamba nti kino si kuwagira kwettisa bbomu wabula kwekenneenya okwanenya '"okusalawo kwa Amerika ku nkola y'ensonga z'ebweru naddala mu kiseera ky'olutalo olw'ebigambo", okutondawo embeera [[:en:Islamic_extremism|y'Obusiraamu obw'annalukalala]] [[:en:Political_violence|n'effujjo mu byobufuzi]] " mwe byakulaakulanira. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Murray |first=Conor |date=Jul 11, 2025 |title=Mahmood Mamdani's Work Does Not Advocate Violence, Expert Says |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/conormurray/2025/07/11/sequoias-maguire-unfairly-targets-zohran-mamdanis-father-fellow-academic-says/ |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko bye bifulumiddde mu ''[[:en:London_Review_of_Books|London Review of Books]]'' n'ekampuni ezifulumya ebitabo ebirala.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/contributors/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=London Review of Books |language=en-GB}}</ref> Okusinziira ku CAS, ebiwandiiko bya Mamdani "bibadde bikulu mu kusomebwa abayizi abali ku misomo gyabwe egya undergraduate ne Postgraduate ku UCT ssaako n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo ku nsoma y'ebyafaayo n'ebyobufuzi bya Afirika , nga banonyereza ku nkwatagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'obuwangwa, okugerageranya obufuzi bw'amatwale, entalo ez'omunda mu ggwanga n'ekittabantu mu Afirika".<ref name="uwn20182">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> == Emirimu gy'emirala == Okuva mu 1998 <ref name="bio22">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> oba 1999 okutuuka mu 2002, Mamdani yaweereza nga pulezidenti w'olukiiko olukulaakulanya okunoonyereza ku ssaayansi w'embeera z'abantu mu Afrika ([[:en:Council_for_the_Development_of_Social_Science_Research_in_Africa|Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa]]). <ref name="cas20182">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumineebiri 2001, yawa okwogera ku "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" mu lukungaana lwa [[:en:Nobel_Prize|Nobel Centennial Symposium]] e [[:en:Oslo|Oslo]], Norway. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 December 2001 |title=Speech by Dr. Mahmood Mamdani: "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/mediaplayer/index.php?id=1281 |access-date=24 March 2013 |publisher=Nobel Prize}}</ref> Mu Gwomwenda 2006, Mamdani yali omu ku boogezi abaayitibwa mu lukuŋŋaana lw’ekibiina kya [[:en:Ugandan_North_American_Association_(UNAA)|Uganda North American Association (UNAA)]] mu kibuga New York. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2006-09-05 |title=UNAA Convention was disorganised! |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/news/1141390/unaa-convention-disorganised |access-date=2026-02-18 |publisher=New Vision (Kampala)}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano 2011, mu kiseera ky'okwekalakaasa okwali mu kibangirizi kya Tahrir([[:en:Tahrir_Square_protests|Tahrir Square protests]]) mu kibuga [[:en:Cairo|Cairo]], Misiri, Mamdani yayitibwa okwogerako mu [[:en:American_University_of_Cairo|Yunivasite y’Amerika e Cairo]]. Ng’ayogera eri abayizi mu [[:en:University_of_KwaZulu-Natal|yunivasite y’e KwaZulu-Natal]] mu South Africa mu 2012, kino yakigeraageranya n’obwegugungo obwaliwo mu Soweto ([[:en:1976_Soweto_uprising|Soweto Uprising]]) mu 1976 . <ref name="kwazulu2012">{{Cite web |date=24 April 2012 |title=Address on Receiving an Honorary Doctorate at the University of Kwazulu Natal |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/mesaas/images/faculty/news/Mamdani%20commencement.pdf |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumi 2011, Mamdani (nga bali wamu ne Rhoda Ann Kanaaneh) y'eyali omwogezi omukulu mu lukungaana lw’eggwanga olwasooka olw’abayizi olwa [[:en:Students_for_Justice_in_Palestine|Students for Justice in Palestine]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Silver |first=Carly |date=2011-10-16 |title=Reporting live from the first-ever SJP National Conference |url=https://newvoices.org/2011/10/15/reporting-live-from-the-first-ever-sjp-national-conference/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=New Voices |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nathan-Kazis |first=Josh |date=2011-10-11 |title=Pro-Palestinian Student Activists Plan First National Conference |url=https://forward.com/news/144173/pro-palestinian-student-activists-plan-push/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=The Forward |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2017 yayitibwa okuwa omusomo ku lunaku lwa [[:en:TB_Davie_Memorial_Lecture|TB Davie Memorial]] ku ddembe ly'okusoma mu Yunivasite y'e Cape Town, era emboozi ye, eyatuumibwa "Decolonising the Post-Colonial University" yaleetawo okukubaganya ebirowoozo kungi. <ref name="uwn20183">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="davis20172">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> Okuva mu Gwekkumineebiri 2017 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2018, Mamdani yaweereza nga Rajni Kothari Chair Professor mu [[:en:Centre_for_the_Study_of_Developing_Societies|Center for the Study of Developing Societies]] mu [[:en:Delhi|Delhi,]] Buyindi. Oluvannyuma lw'ekisanja kye okuggwako, nga 4 Ogwokuna 2018 yawa omusomo gwa Rajni Kothari Chair ogutegekebwa buli mwaka, ogwatuumibwa "Okulowooza ku bwenkanya okuyita mu bumanyirivu bw'Afirika mu kyasa eky'amakumi abiri". <ref name="csds2">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Alabikidde mu firimu z’ebyafaayo ng’omukugu okugeza, ''[[:en:Rwanda:_The_Untold_Story|Rwanda: The Untold Story]]'' (2014, [[:en:BBC|BBC]] ), ''The Dictator’s Playbook'' (2018, [[:en:PBS|PBS]] ) ne ''[[:en:How_to_Become_a_Tyrant|How to Become a Tyrant]]'' (2021, [[:en:Netflix|Netflix]]). <ref>{{Cite AV media|url=https://www.pbs.org/video/idi-amin-3ol3rz/|title=The Dictator's Playbook {{!}} Idi Amin {{!}} Episode 6|language=en|publisher=[[PBS]]|via=}}</ref> Yalabikira mu firimu ya [[:en:Cameo_appearance|cameo]] ,mu firimu ya 2012 ''eya [[:en:The_Reluctant_Fundamentalist_(film)|The Reluctant Fundamentalist]]'', eyakulemberwamu mukyala we. <ref>{{Cite AV media|title=[[The Reluctant Fundamentalist]]|date=2012|last=Nair|first=Mira|publisher=[[IFC Films]]}}</ref> Mu 2024, yeegatta ku [[:en:Gaza_tribunal|Gaza Tribunal]], eyagenderera "okuzuukusa ebibiina by'obwannakyewa ku buvunaanyizibwa bwabyo n'okukomya ekittabantu kya Yisirayiri mu Gaza." <ref>{{Cite web |title=Home |url=https://gazatribunal.com/ |access-date=2025-12-07 |website=Gaza Tribunal |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title='Gaza Tribunal' established in London to seek justice for war crimes in Gaza |url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/europe/-gaza-tribunal-established-in-london-to-seek-justice-for-war-crimes-in-gaza/3383887 |access-date=2026-01-07 |website=www.aa.com.tr}}</ref> == Okusiimibwa == Mu 2008, mu kunoonyereza okwakolebwa ku mutimbagano mu lwatu, Mamdani yalondebwa ng'owomwenda ku bantu abagezi abasinga mu nsi yonna ku lukalala lw'abagezigezi 100 okuva mu ''[[:en:Prospect_(magazine)|Prospect Magazine]]'' (UK) ne ''[[:en:Foreign_Policy|Foreign Policy]]'' (US). <ref>{{Cite web |date=2008 |title=The 2008 List |url=http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/prospect-100-intellectuals/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090930143349/http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/prospect-100-intellectuals/ |archive-date=30 September 2009 |publisher=[[Prospect (magazine)|Prospect Magazine]] (UK) / [[Foreign Policy]] (US)}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |date=2008 |title=The World's Top 20 Public Intellectuals |journal=Foreign Policy |publisher=Slate Group, LLC |issue=167 |pages=54–57 |issn=0015-7228 |eissn=1945-2276 |jstor=25462318}}</ref> Mu Gwomusanvu 2017, Mamdani yalondebwa okubeera [[:en:Corresponding_Fellow_of_the_British_Academy|Omukwanaganya wa British Academy (FBA)]], ettendekero ly’eggwanga erya Bungereza erikola ku by’obuntubulamu ne ssaayansi w’embeera z’abantu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 July 2017 |title=Elections to the British Academy celebrate the diversity of UK research |url=http://www.britac.ac.uk/news/elections-british-academy-celebrate-diversity-uk-research |access-date=29 July 2017 |website=British Academy}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano nga 28, 2018 ( [[:en:Africa_Day|Africa Day]] ), Mamdani yalondebwa okuba pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa mu Center for African Studies mu Yunivasite y’e Cape Town. Dayirekita wa CAS [[:en:Lungisile_Ntsebeza|Lungisile Ntsebeza]], okulondebwa kuno yakuyita kwa "byafaayo mu bitongole", era nga kikulu mu nteekateeka y'okufuna obwetwaze bwa yunivasite m okuva mu kwekalakaasa kw'abayizi okwa " [[:en:Rhodes_Must_Fall|Rhodes Must Fall]] " mu Gwokusatu 2015. Abakulembeze b'abayizi bangi baali balaze obukulu bwa Ssikaala ya Mamdani, era okusinziira ku kino, UCT yandibadde ekola enkyukakyuka ez'omuggundu ku ntegeka y'ensoma. <ref name="uwn20184">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="cas20183">{{Cite web|title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT|website=Centre for African Studies, UCT|date=28 May 2018|url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-date=7 November 2025|url-status=live|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Prof Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/contacts/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041546/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/contacts/mahmood-mamdani |archive-date=4 Oct 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Faculty of Humanities}}</ref> === Engule n’okusunsulwa === * 1997: [[:en:Herskovits_Prize|Herskovits Prize]] for ''[[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]''<ref name="cas20184">{{cite web |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT|website=Centre for African Studies, UCT|date=28 May 2018|url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-date=7 November 2025|url-status=live|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> * 1999: [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|University of Cape Town]] Book Award for ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism''<ref>{{cite web |title=UCT Book Award |url=https://www.uct.ac.za/about/honours/bookaward/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130404065845/http://www.uct.ac.za/about/honours/bookaward/ |archive-date=4 April 2013 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[University of Cape Town]]}}</ref> * 2009: GDS Eminent Scholar Award from the [[:en:International_Studies_Association|International Studies Association]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=GDS Eminent Scholar Award Past Recipients |url=https://www.isanet.org/Programs/Awards/GDS-Eminent-Scholar/Past-Recipients |access-date=16 January 2019 |website=www.isanet.org}}</ref> * 2011: [[:en:H._F._Lenfest|Lenfest]] Distinguished Faculty Award<ref>{{cite web |date=15 April 2011 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani Recognized with Lenfest Award |url=http://www.sipa.columbia.edu/news_events/announcements/MahmoodMamdaniFacultyAward04152011.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121221034143/http://sipa.columbia.edu/news_events/announcements/MahmoodMamdaniFacultyAward04152011.html |archive-date=21 December 2012 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[School of International and Public Affairs, Columbia University]]}}</ref> * 2012: Scholar of the Year at the 2nd Annual African Diaspora Awards for his immense contribution to African Scholarship<ref>{{cite web |date=19 November 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani Is To Be Honored As "Scholar of the Year" At The Annual African Diaspora Awards NYC |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/news/prof-mamdani-be-honored-scholar-year-annual-african-diaspora-awards-nyc |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University|MISR]]}}</ref> * 2012: Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012<ref name="diaspora2">{{cite web |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora|title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012|date=29 November 2012|publisher=ugandandiaspora.com|access-date=21 March 2013|archive-date=1 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora|url-status=dead}}</ref> * 2021: ''[[:en:Neither_Settler_Nor_Native:_The_Making_and_Unmaking_of_Permanent_Minorities|Neither Settler Nor Native: The Making and Unmaking of Permanent Minorities]]'' (2020), shortlisted for the [[:en:British_Academy_Book_Prize_for_Global_Cultural_Understanding|British Academy Book Prize for Global Cultural Understanding]], and as "World History Finalist" by Association of American Publishers Awards for Professional and Scholarly Excellence ([[:en:PROSE_Awards|PROSE Awards]])<ref name="bio23">{{cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani|website=Department of Anthropology|url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> === Diguli ez’ekitiibwa === * 25 Ogwokutaano 2010: [[:en:University_of_Johannesburg|University of Johannesburg]], [[:en:DLitt|DLitt]] ([[:en:Honoris_Causa|Honoris Causa]])<ref>{{cite web |date=May 2010 |title=Mahmood Mamdani conferred with an honorary doctorate |url=http://www.uj.ac.za/EN/Newsroom/News/Pages/MahmoodMamdaniconferredwithanhonorarydoctorate201006222.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130421210222/http://www.uj.ac.za/EN/Newsroom/News/Pages/MahmoodMamdaniconferredwithanhonorarydoctorate201006222.aspx |archive-date=21 April 2013 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[University of Johannesburg]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=25 May 2010 |title=Speech delivered by Professor Prof Mahmood Mamdani at the University of Johannesburg, South Africa |url=http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech-2.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501065506/http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech-2.pdf |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[CODESRIA]]}}</ref> * 24 Ogwomusanvu 2010: [[:en:Addis_Ababa_University|Addis Ababa University]], DLitt (Honoris Causa)<ref>{{cite web |date=24 July 2010 |title=Remarks on receipt of Honorary Doctorate at Addis Ababa University |url=http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech_2-2.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501065507/http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech_2-2.pdf |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[CODESRIA]]}}</ref> * 24 Ogwokuna 2012: [[:en:University_of_KwaZulu-Natal|University of KwaZulu-Natal]], DLitt (Honoris Causa)<ref>{{cite web |date=12 April 2012 |title=Media Statement: UKZN To honour leading South Africans and women graduates excel |url=http://www.ukzn.ac.za/docs/media-releases/graduation-2012.docx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305015502/http://www.ukzn.ac.za/docs/media-releases/graduation-2012.docx |archive-date=5 March 2016 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[University of KwaZulu-Natal]] |format=[[MS Word]]}}</ref><ref name="kwazulu20122">{{cite web |date=24 April 2012 |title=Address on Receiving an Honorary Doctorate at the University of Kwazulu Natal |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/mesaas/images/faculty/news/Mamdani%20commencement.pdf |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> == Obulamu bwe ng'omuntu == Mamdani yawasa [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]], dayirekita wa firimu era pulodyusa Omuyindi ng’abeera mu Amerika, mu 1991. Baasooka kusisinkana mu [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, n’oluvannyuma ne baddamu mu Kampala, Uganda, mu 1989 Nair bwe yali akola okunoonyereza ku firimu ye, ''[[Mississippi Masala]]'' . <ref name="lahr2002">{{cite interview|first=Mira|last=Nair|interviewer-last=Lahr|interviewer-first=John|title=Whirlwind|website=[[The New Yorker]]|date=2 December 2002|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|url-access=subscription|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141022030926/http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|archive-date=22 October 2014|url-status=live|quote=Published in the print edition of the December 9, 2002, issue.}}</ref> <ref name="indian tele2">{{Cite web|url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp|url-status=dead|archive-date=2 February 2009|title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly|last=Sen|first=Manjula|date=25 January 2009|access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref>Baagattibwa mu 1991. Mu 2025 Mamdani ne Nair babeera mu kitundu kya [[:en:Morningside_Heights|Morningside Heights]] mu [[:en:Manhattan|Manhattan]], okumpi ne Yunivaasite y'e Columbia. <ref name="haag20252">{{Cite web|last=Haag|first=Matthew|last2=Goldberg|first2=Emma|title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics|website=[[The New York Times]]|date=27 June 2025|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html|archive-date=7 October 2025|url-status=live|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news}}</ref> == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] k9h52mqr74mfhuaxrolkczpal2ru7o9 48712 48711 2026-05-03T10:24:29Z Charles Kalanzi 9748 48712 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mahmood Mamdani''' [ a ] FBA (yazaalibwa 23 Ogwokuna 1946) munnayuganda [[:en:Anthropologist|omukugu mu by'enkula y'abantu]], munnaby'anjigiriza, era omukugu mu by'obufuzi. Ye Herbert Lehman Pulofeesa wa Gavumenti era pulofeesa w’ensonga z'ekikula ky'abantu, [[:en:Political_science|ssaayansi w’ebyobufuzi]], n’okunoonyereza [[:en:African_studies|ku nsoma y'Afirika]] mu [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]] . Era akola nga Ccansala wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda, era nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa ku Center for African Studis mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y'e Cape Town]] . Emabegako yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole kya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. Mamdani mukugu mu kusoma ebyobufuzi bya Afrika n’ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw’amatwale]] n’oluvannyuma [[:en:Postcolonialism|lw'obufuzi bw’amatwale]], n’ebyobufuzi [[:en:Knowledge_economy|by’ebyenfuna]] . Mufumbo nga mukazi we ye [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]] omuzannyi wa firimu . Ye ne Nair be bazadde ba [[:en:New_York_City_Mayor|Meeya w'ekibuga New York]] [[Zohran Mamdani]] . == Obuto bwe n’okusoma == Mahmood Mamdani yazaalibwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1946 mu [[:en:Bombay|kibuga Bombay]] (kati Mumbai), Buyindi, ng’ebula omwaka gumu [[:en:British_Raj|enfuga ya Bungereza]] ekome. <ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/education/news/mahmood-mamdani-education-and-career-path-how-zohran-mamdanis-father-built-a-legacy-of-revolution-through-ideas-and-exile/articleshow/122064130.cms "Mahmood Mamdani education and career path: How Zohran Mamdani's father built a legacy of revolution through ideas and exile"]. ''The Times of India''. 25 June 2025. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN&nbsp;]][https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-8257 0971-825]7. Retrieved 13 July 2025.</ref> <ref name="codesria">{{Cite web |title=Pr. Mahmood Mamdani (1998-2002) |url=https://codesria.org/pr-mahmood-mamdani-1998-2002/ |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> Yakulira mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=23 February 2021 |title=Mahmood Mamdani on Uganda |url=https://africasacountry.com/2011/04/mamdani-on-uganda |website=Africa is a Country}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Permanent Minorities and the Politics of Survivors: A conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://worldpeacefoundation.org/blog/permanent-minorities-and-the-politics-of-survivors-a-conversation-with-mahmood-mamdani/ |website=World Peace Foundation}}</ref> ng'omu ku [[:en:Indian_diaspora_in_Southeast_Africa|Bayindi ababundabunda mu bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba bwa Afrika]] . Bazadde be bombi, [[:en:Gujarati_Muslim|basiraamu Abagujarati]], baazaalibwa era ne bakulira mu kitundu kya Bungereza eky'amatwale ki [[:en:Tanganyika_Territory|Tanganyika]] (leero Tanzania). Abafumbo bano baagenda e Bombay olwo kitaawe n’asomerayo mu ttendekero ekkulu. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Chen |first=Kuan-Hsing |last2=Gao |first2=Shiming |last3=Tang |first3=Xiaolin |date=2016 |title=The formation of an African intellectual: an interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |journal=Inter-Asia Cultural Studies |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=456–480 |doi=10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref>Muhoozi, Mourice (6 March 2022). [https://www.watchdoguganda.com/news/20220306/131449/meet-ugandas-most-iconic-academician-prof-mahmood-mamdani.html "Meet Uganda's most Iconic academician, Prof. Mahmood Mamdani"]. ''Watchdog Uganda''</ref> Famire yaddayo e [[:en:Dar_es_Salaam|Dar es Salaam]], Tanganyika, nga Mamdani wa myaka ebiri, ne bagenda e Uganda nga wa myaka etaano oba mukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Mu kiseera ekyo, Uganda yali yayawulwamu okusinziira ku mawanga, omuli abantu gye babeera, amasomero, emizikiti, n’ebifo abaana we bazannyira. Okusoma kwe mu pulayimale, Mamdani yasooka kugenda mu [[:en:Madrasa|madarasa]], n’oluvannyuma mu Government Indian Primary School. <ref name=":8"/> Yakula ng'ayogera [[:en:Gujarati_language|Olugujarati]], [[:en:Urdu|Oluurdu]] [[:en:Swahili_language|n'Oluswayiri]] . Yatandika okusoma Olungereza mu kibiina eky’omukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Oluvannyuma lw’okusoma siniya ey’awansi, yasomera ku Old Kampala Senior Secondary School, gye yali omuwandiisi w’ekibiina kya Do-it-Yourself Physics. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uganda: Buganda And Uganda At Crossroads |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090826030635/http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |archive-date=26 August 2009 |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=AllAfrica}}</ref> Mamdani yali omu ku bayizi Bannayuganda 23 abaali mu kibiina kya [[:en:The_Kennedy_Airlift|Kennedy Airlift]] mu 1963, enteekateeka ya sikaala eyaweebwa ssente okuva mu Amerika eyaleetera ebikumi n’ebikumi by'abayizi okuva mu [[:en:East_Africa|Buvanjuba bwa Afrika]] okusomera ku yunivasite mu Amerika ne Canada wakati wa 1959 ne 1963. <ref name="indian tele">{{Cite web |last=Sen |first=Manjula |date=25 January 2009 |title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |archive-date=2 February 2009 |access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref> Mamdani yatikkirwa diguli ya Bachelor of Arts okuva mu [[:en:University_of_Pittsburgh|Yunivasite y’e Pittsburgh]] <ref name="codesria"/> mu 1967. <ref>{{Cite book |date=1 January 2010 |title=International Encyclopedia of Civil Society |url=https://link.springer.com/referencework/10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |vauthors=((Anheier, H. K.)), ((Toepler, S.)) |publisher=Springer US |isbn=978-0-387-93994-0 |editor-last=Anheier |editor-first=Helmut K. |doi=10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |editor-last2=Toepler |editor-first2=Stefan}}</ref> Yali omu ku bayizi abangi mu bukiikakkono bwa Amerika abaali mu lugendo lwa bbaasi mu bukiikaddyo okutuuka e [[:en:Montgomery,_Alabama|Montgomery, Alabama]], olwategekebwa [[:en:Student_Nonviolent_Coordinating_Committee|akakiiko akakwasaganya abayizi abatali ba ffujjo]] mu Gwokusatu 1965 okwetaba mu kaweefube w'okulwanirira [[:en:Civil_rights_movement|eddembe ly’obuntu]] . Kino kyaliwo mu kiseera ky’okutambula okuva e [[:en:Selma_to_Montgomery_marches|Selma okutuuka e Montgomery]], naye nga kyo kya njawulo. Yasibibwa mu kkomera mu kutambula kuno era n’akkirizibwa okukuba essimu. Mamdani yakubira [[:en:Embassy_of_Uganda,_Washington,_D.C.|omubaka wa Uganda]] e [[:en:Washington,_DC|Washington, DC]], amuyambe. Omubaka yamubuuza lwaki "ayingirira ensonga z'omunda mu nsi engwira", n'amuddamu nti teyali nsonga ya munda wabula olutalo lw'eddembe era nti nabo eddembe lyabwe baali bakalifuna omwaka ogwakaggwa. <ref name="pambazuka">{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=28 April 2007 |title=The Asian question again: A reflection |url=http://www.pambazuka.org/en/category/comment/41273 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]] (Uganda) |via=pambazuka.org}}</ref> Amangu ddala nga wayiseewo akaseera katono, Mamdani yategeera ku mulimu gwa [[:en:Karl_Marx|Karl Marx]] okuva mu kukyala kwe ku FBI. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Shringarpure |first=Bhakti |author-link=Bhakti Shringarpure |date=15 July 2013 |title=In Conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.warscapes.com/conversations/conversation-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=6 November 2017 |website=Warscapes |language=en |quote=I thought the guy Marx had just died. […] So that was my introduction to Karl Marx.}}</ref> Yasomera ku [[:en:Fletcher_School_of_Law_and_Diplomacy|Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy]] mu [[:en:Tufts_University|Yunivasite ya Tufts]] era mu 1968 yatikkirwa diguli ya Master of Arts mu [[:en:Political_science|byobufuzi]] ne Master of Arts mu mateeka ne diplomacy mu 1969. Yafuna diguli ye [[:en:Doctor_of_philosophy|eyookusatu]] mu gavumenti okuva mu [[:en:Harvard_University|Yunivasite y'e Harvard]] mu 1974, wansi w’obulagirizi bwa [[:en:Karl_Deutsch|Karl Deutsch]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and class formation in Uganda |url=http://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=978-0-85345-378-9 |location=New York |via=Internet Archive}}</ref> Omulamwa kw'eyatambuliza ddiguli ye eyookusatu yagiwa omutwe "''Politics and Class Formation in Uganda."'' <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and Class Formation in Uganda |url=https://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=0-85345-378-0 |location=New York |oclc=2073894 |url-access=registration}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Allen |first=Judith Van |last2=Mamdani |first2=Mahmood |last3=Shivji |first3=Issa G. |date=November 1977 |title=Reviewed Works: Politics and Class Formation in Uganda. by Mahmood Mamdani; Class Struggles in Tanzania. by Issa G. Shivji |journal=Contemporary Sociology |publisher=American Sociological Association |volume=6 |issue=6 |pages=702 |doi=10.2307/2066367 |issn=0094-3061 |eissn=1939-8638 |jstor=2066367}}</ref> == Emirimu gye == Mamdani yakomawo mu Uganda ku ntandikwa ya 1972 era naweebwa omulimu ku [[Makerere University, Uganda|yunivasite y'e Makerere]] mu Kampala [[:en:Teaching_assistant|ng'ayambako omusomesa]], mu kiseera kye kimu yali akola ku kunoonyereza kwe okwa ddiguli eyookusatu. . Ye n’Abaasia abasinga obungi [[:en:Expulsion_of_Asians_from_Uganda|baagobebwa]] mu Uganda ku nkomerero y’omwaka ogwo [[Idi Amin]] olw’amawanga gaabwe; Amin yali agenderera "kuzzaawo" bizinensi n'ebintu. Mamdani yava mu Uganda n’agenda mu nkambi y’ababundabunda mu Bungereza ku ntandikwa y'omwezi Gwekkuminoogumu. <ref name="lrb2022">{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2022-10-06 |title=The Asian Question |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v44/n19/mahmood-mamdani/the-asian-question |journal=[[London Review of Books]] |language=en |volume=44 |issue=19 |issn=0260-9592 |access-date=2025-09-08}}</ref> Yava e Bungereza mu makkati ga 1973 oluvannyuma lw’okuyingizibwa mu [[:en:University_of_Dar_es_Salaam|Yunivasite y’e Dar es Salaam]] mu Tanzania. <ref name="pambazuka"/> <ref name="cas2018">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> <ref name="bio2">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> Mu Dar es Salaam, yamaliriza okuwandiika dissertation ye. Yali mujjumbize nnyo n’ebibiina ebiwakanya Amin. Mu 1979, yeetaba mu Ttabamiruka w’e Moshi ng’omutunuulizi. Yaddayo mu Uganda oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa ku bukulembeze oluvannyuma lw'olutalo lwa [[Olutalo lwa Uganda ne Tanzania|Uganda ne Tanzania]] mu 1979. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McCormack |first=Pete |date=17 October 2005 |title=Interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.petemccormack.com/interview_mamdani_001.htm |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=petemccormack.com}}</ref> <ref name="bio2" /> Mu kiseera kino, yakozesebwa ng'omutendeke mu kibiina kya [[:en:All_Africa_Conference_of_Churches|All Africa Conference of Churches]], omukago [[:en:Ecumenical_Christian|gw'Abakristaayo ogw'ensi yonna]] ogusangibwa e [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, ng'akolera mu ofiisi [[:en:Church_of_Uganda|y'Ekkanisa ya Uganda]] mu Kampala. <ref name="lrb2022"/> Okuva mu 1980 (oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa mu ntebe mu 1979) okutuuka mu 1993 yaddamu okukolera yunivasite y’e Makerere. <ref name="bio2"/> <ref name="lrb2022"/>​[[Milton Obote|​]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kagolo |first=Francis |date=8 February 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani to be honoured among Africa's best |url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/628869-prof-mamdani-to-be-honoured-among-africa-s-best.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]]}}</ref> Yaddayo e Dar es Salaam. Oluvannyuma lwa Obote okugobwa mu ntebe omulundi ogwokubiri, Mamdani yaddamu okudda mu Uganda mu Gwomukaaga 1986. <ref name="indian tele"/> Yali dayirekita eyatandikawo ekitongole kya Centre for Basic Research (CBR), ekitongole kya Uganda ekitali kya gavumenti ekyasooka mu kunoonyereza, mwe yaweereza okuva mu 1987 okutuuka mu 1996. <ref name="diaspora">{{Cite web |date=29 November 2012 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012 |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=ugandandiaspora.com}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> <ref name="csds">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Yaliko pulofeesa omugenyi ku [[:en:University_of_Durban-Westville|Yunivasite y’e Durban]] - [[:en:Westville,_KwaZulu-Natal|Westville]] mu South Africa (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka mu Gwomukaaga 1993), ku [[:en:Nehru_Memorial_Museum_&_Library|Nehru Memorial Museum & Library]] e New Delhi (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka Gwomukaaga 1995), ne mu [[:en:Princeton_University|Yunivasite y'e Princeton]] (1995–96). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vance |first=Dara |date=2015-11-20 |title=UK Committee on Social Theory Hosts Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://uknow.uky.edu/uk-happenings/uk-committee-social-theory-hosts-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=UKNow}}</ref> Mu 1996, yalondebwa okubeera omukulembeze w’entebe ya [[:en:Archibald_Campbell_Jordan|AC Jordan]] ey'ensoma y'Afirika mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y’e Cape Town]], <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 March 2011 |title=UCT in war over 'bantu education' |url=http://mg.co.za/article/2011-03-11-uct-in-war-over-bantu-education |access-date=22 March 2013}}</ref> era ku ntandikwa ya 1997 n’afuuka akulira [[:en:Centre_for_African_Studies|ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku by'ensoma y'Afirika]] (CAS). <ref name="uwn2018">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> Yavaawo oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obutakkaanya n'abasomesa (abasinga obungi abazungu) ku bbago ly'ensoma ye ey'omusomo ogw'omusingi ku Afrika oguyitibwa "Problematising Africa". <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=June 1, 1998 |title=Is African studies to be turned into a new home for Bantu education at UCT? |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/02533959808458649 |journal=Social Dynamics |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=63–75 |doi=10.1080/02533959808458649 |issn=0253-3952 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> Mamdani, eyalaga nti ensoma eriwo eya " [[:en:Bantu_Education_Act,_1953|Bantu studies]] " (mu kujjuliza ku kusomesa Abaddugavu wansi w'enfuga [[:en:Apartheid|y'obusosoze]] ) <ref name="cas2018" /> yayimirizibwa era okukkakkana ng'alekulidde. <ref name="davis2017">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> "Ensonga ya Mamdani" ekyayogerwako mu kukubaganya ebirowoozo ku [[:en:Decolonization_of_higher_education_in_South_Africa|kununula amatendekero aga waggulu okuva mu nsoma y'abamatwale]] . Oluvannyuma yagamba nti teyalina busungu ku muntu yenna, era yalina enkolagana ennungi ekiseera kye yamalayo. Yagamba nti obutakwatagana bwali ku njawulo mu ndowooza n'addala ensengeka y’ensoma ku bikwata ku kusoma South Africa ng’ensi ya Afrika. Oluvannyuma (2018) yakomezebwawo nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa asuutibwa. [ b ] <ref name="uwn2018" /> Mu 1999, Mamdani yalondebwa okuba dayirekita w’ekitongole ekikola ku by’okunoonyereza ku Afirika mu yunivasite ya Columbia, ekifo kye yalina okutuusa mu 2004. <ref name="uwn2018"/> Okuva olwo abadde asomesa eyo (nga 2025). <ref name="haag2025">{{Cite web |last=Haag |first=Matthew |last2=Goldberg |first2=Emma |date=27 June 2025 |title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |archive-date=7 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku mbeera z’abantu ekya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=18 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University]] |archive-date=2 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002055113/http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Agaba |first=John |title=Mamdani talks about his research legacy and work at Makerere |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20220329112608625 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="bio2"/> Okutuuka mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2025 [[:en:Columbia_University#Academics|pulofeesa wa Herbert Lehman mu Gavumenti]] era pulofeesa ku nkula y'abantu, okusoma saayansi w'ebyobufuzi [[:en:African_studies|n'okusoma ku Afirika]] ku [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]].<ref name="bio2" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Faculty Bio: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/anthropology/fac-bios/mamdani/faculty.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Era akola nga chancellor wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://kiu.ac.ug/news-page.php?i=press-release-kampala-international-university-kiu-appoints-prof-mahmood-mamdani-as-chancellor |access-date=24 August 2020 |publisher=[[Kampala International University]]}}</ref> == Okunoonyereza n'okuwandiika == Mamdani yeemalira mu kunoonyereza ku byobufuzi bya Afirika n'eby'ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw'amatwale]] [[:en:Postcolonialism|n'oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale]], n'ebyobufuzi by'ebyenfuna. Ebitabo bye byekenneenya enkolagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'ebyobuwangwa, okugeraageranya [[:en:Colonialism|okufugibwa kw'amatwale]] okuva mu 1452, ebyafaayo by'entalo z'omunda [[:en:Genocide|n'ekitta bantu]] mu Afirika, [[:en:Cold_War|Olutalo olw'Ensi Yonna olw'ebigambo]] [[:en:War_on_terror|n'olutalo ku butujju]], n'ebyafaayo by'eddembe ly'obuntu.<ref>vSneh, Itai Nartzizenfield (2008). [https://books.google.com/books?id=iax4AAAAMAAJ ''The Future Almost Arrived: How Jimmy Carter Failed to Change U.S. Foreign Policy''.] [[:en:Peter_Lang_(publishing_company)|Peter Lang]]. p. 169. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780820481852|9780820481852]]</bdi>.</ref> Okunoonyereza kwe okw'omwaka 2016 kwatandikira ku kitabo kye eky'omwaka 1996, [[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]. <ref>[http://polisci.columbia.edu/people/profile/96 "Mahmood Mamdani | Department of Political Science"]. ''polisci.columbia.edu''. Retrieved 21 January 2016.</ref>Mu kitabo ekyo, yagamba nti eggwanga eryafugibwa terisobola kutegeerwa nga tewekenenyeza bulungi eggwanga eryalifuga.Enkola y'obufuzi bw'amatwale mu Afirika yali eddamu okusoomoozebwa kw'ekibuuzo "ekikulu", era yagamba nti yafuuka "amawanga agaabuluziddwamu".<ref name=":0">Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. pp. 15–16. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|<bdi>9780852553992</bdi>.]]</ref>Kino kyali kikolebwa mu ngeri bbiri: ku ludda olumu nga bafuga butereevu, nga kino kyali kikolwa kya "buyinza" era nga kyali kigenderera okuggya abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo ku ddembe ly'obuntu eryali liweebwa abatuuze mu bitundu ebirala, ate ku ludda olulala nga bafuga mu ngeri etali y'abuteerevu, nga kino kyali kikolebwa mu byalo era nga kizingiramu okuyingiza "bannansi" mu "mateeka g'eggwanga" agaateekebwawo ab'obuyinza mu byalo, era nga kino yakiyita "obwannakyemalira obw'okugabanya obuyinza".<ref name=":0" /> Embeera eno yali "yakusika muguwa" era ng'erimu "engeri bbiri ez'obuyinza wansi w'obuyinza obumu".<ref name=":0" /> Oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale, ebibuga byali tebikyayawulamu bantu lwa langi naye ebyalo byali bikyafugibwa abakulembeze abaali mu nkwawa z'abafuzi b'amatwale, ka babe abakulembeze ab'ennono oba b'ebali bakwasizzaobuyinza nga balina ebiruubirirwa by'okufugisa omukono ogw'ekyuma.<ref>Clapham, Chris (1997). "Review: Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism by Mahmood Mamdani'". ''Royal Institute of International Affairs''. '''73''': 606.</ref>Mu ngeri eno obukulembeze bwonna bwaleeta enjawukana mu mawnga era n'ekutondawo obukulembeze bwabwe obw'enjawulo obwannakyemalira.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref> Mamdani yekennenya ebyafaayo mu South Africa ne Uganda okulaga nti obufuzi bw'amatwale bwakozesa obuyinza obuyitiridde era obuyinza obwo bweyongera okubaawo oluvannyuma lw'ameefuga.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. p. 37. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref>Ng’asomooza endowooza eza bulijjo ku busosoze mu South Afrika nga ez’enjawulo, agamba nti [[:en:Apartheid|obusosoze mu mawanga]] bwali ngeri ya bulijjo ey’ettwale lya Bulaaya mu Africa, nga lizingiramu ensonga [[:en:Indirect_rule|z’obufuzi obutali butereevu]] n’okukwatagana<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1 January 1996 |title=Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism |isbn=9780852553992 |pages=16–18}}</ref> Mu kitabo kye ekyafulumizibwa mu 2004 ekya ''Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: America, the Cold War, and the Roots of Terror'' Mamdani yagamba nti [[:en:Suicide_attack|abeetuze]] balina okumanyibwa "ng'ekika ky'omujaasi" era nti balina "okutegeerwa mu ngeri y'effujjo ly'ebyobufuzi ery'omulembe guno okusinga okuvumwavumwa ng'akabonero k'obukambwe". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bickerton |first=James |date=2025-07-11 |title=Zohran Mamdani's father's remark about suicide bombers comes under scrutiny |url=https://www.newsweek.com/zohran-mamdani-father-remark-about-suicide-bombers-comes-under-scrutiny-2097793 |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref> Omuyivu omu yagamba nti kino si kuwagira kwettisa bbomu wabula kwekenneenya okwanenya '"okusalawo kwa Amerika ku nkola y'ensonga z'ebweru naddala mu kiseera ky'olutalo olw'ebigambo", okutondawo embeera [[:en:Islamic_extremism|y'Obusiraamu obw'annalukalala]] [[:en:Political_violence|n'effujjo mu byobufuzi]] " mwe byakulaakulanira. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Murray |first=Conor |date=Jul 11, 2025 |title=Mahmood Mamdani's Work Does Not Advocate Violence, Expert Says |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/conormurray/2025/07/11/sequoias-maguire-unfairly-targets-zohran-mamdanis-father-fellow-academic-says/ |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko bye bifulumiddde mu ''[[:en:London_Review_of_Books|London Review of Books]]'' n'ekampuni ezifulumya ebitabo ebirala.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/contributors/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=London Review of Books |language=en-GB}}</ref> Okusinziira ku CAS, ebiwandiiko bya Mamdani "bibadde bikulu mu kusomebwa abayizi abali ku misomo gyabwe egya undergraduate ne Postgraduate ku UCT ssaako n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo ku nsoma y'ebyafaayo n'ebyobufuzi bya Afirika , nga banonyereza ku nkwatagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'obuwangwa, okugerageranya obufuzi bw'amatwale, entalo ez'omunda mu ggwanga n'ekittabantu mu Afirika".<ref name="uwn20182">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> == Emirimu gy'emirala == Okuva mu 1998 <ref name="bio22">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> oba 1999 okutuuka mu 2002, Mamdani yaweereza nga pulezidenti w'olukiiko olukulaakulanya okunoonyereza ku ssaayansi w'embeera z'abantu mu Afrika ([[:en:Council_for_the_Development_of_Social_Science_Research_in_Africa|Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa]]). <ref name="cas20182">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumineebiri 2001, yawa okwogera ku "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" mu lukungaana lwa [[:en:Nobel_Prize|Nobel Centennial Symposium]] e [[:en:Oslo|Oslo]], Norway. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 December 2001 |title=Speech by Dr. Mahmood Mamdani: "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/mediaplayer/index.php?id=1281 |access-date=24 March 2013 |publisher=Nobel Prize}}</ref> Mu Gwomwenda 2006, Mamdani yali omu ku boogezi abaayitibwa mu lukuŋŋaana lw’ekibiina kya [[:en:Ugandan_North_American_Association_(UNAA)|Uganda North American Association (UNAA)]] mu kibuga New York. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2006-09-05 |title=UNAA Convention was disorganised! |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/news/1141390/unaa-convention-disorganised |access-date=2026-02-18 |publisher=New Vision (Kampala)}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano 2011, mu kiseera ky'okwekalakaasa okwali mu kibangirizi kya Tahrir([[:en:Tahrir_Square_protests|Tahrir Square protests]]) mu kibuga [[:en:Cairo|Cairo]], Misiri, Mamdani yayitibwa okwogerako mu [[:en:American_University_of_Cairo|Yunivasite y’Amerika e Cairo]]. Ng’ayogera eri abayizi mu [[:en:University_of_KwaZulu-Natal|yunivasite y’e KwaZulu-Natal]] mu South Africa mu 2012, kino yakigeraageranya n’obwegugungo obwaliwo mu Soweto ([[:en:1976_Soweto_uprising|Soweto Uprising]]) mu 1976 . <ref name="kwazulu2012">{{Cite web |date=24 April 2012 |title=Address on Receiving an Honorary Doctorate at the University of Kwazulu Natal |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/mesaas/images/faculty/news/Mamdani%20commencement.pdf |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumi 2011, Mamdani (nga bali wamu ne Rhoda Ann Kanaaneh) y'eyali omwogezi omukulu mu lukungaana lw’eggwanga olwasooka olw’abayizi olwa [[:en:Students_for_Justice_in_Palestine|Students for Justice in Palestine]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Silver |first=Carly |date=2011-10-16 |title=Reporting live from the first-ever SJP National Conference |url=https://newvoices.org/2011/10/15/reporting-live-from-the-first-ever-sjp-national-conference/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=New Voices |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nathan-Kazis |first=Josh |date=2011-10-11 |title=Pro-Palestinian Student Activists Plan First National Conference |url=https://forward.com/news/144173/pro-palestinian-student-activists-plan-push/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=The Forward |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2017 yayitibwa okuwa omusomo ku lunaku lwa [[:en:TB_Davie_Memorial_Lecture|TB Davie Memorial]] ku ddembe ly'okusoma mu Yunivasite y'e Cape Town, era emboozi ye, eyatuumibwa "Decolonising the Post-Colonial University" yaleetawo okukubaganya ebirowoozo kungi. <ref name="uwn20183">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="davis20172">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> Okuva mu Gwekkumineebiri 2017 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2018, Mamdani yaweereza nga Rajni Kothari Chair Professor mu [[:en:Centre_for_the_Study_of_Developing_Societies|Center for the Study of Developing Societies]] mu [[:en:Delhi|Delhi,]] Buyindi. Oluvannyuma lw'ekisanja kye okuggwako, nga 4 Ogwokuna 2018 yawa omusomo gwa Rajni Kothari Chair ogutegekebwa buli mwaka, ogwatuumibwa "Okulowooza ku bwenkanya okuyita mu bumanyirivu bw'Afirika mu kyasa eky'amakumi abiri". <ref name="csds2">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Alabikidde mu firimu z’ebyafaayo ng’omukugu okugeza, ''[[:en:Rwanda:_The_Untold_Story|Rwanda: The Untold Story]]'' (2014, [[:en:BBC|BBC]] ), ''The Dictator’s Playbook'' (2018, [[:en:PBS|PBS]] ) ne ''[[:en:How_to_Become_a_Tyrant|How to Become a Tyrant]]'' (2021, [[:en:Netflix|Netflix]]). <ref>{{Cite AV media|url=https://www.pbs.org/video/idi-amin-3ol3rz/|title=The Dictator's Playbook {{!}} Idi Amin {{!}} Episode 6|language=en|publisher=[[PBS]]|via=}}</ref> Yalabikira mu firimu ya [[:en:Cameo_appearance|cameo]] ,mu firimu ya 2012 ''eya [[:en:The_Reluctant_Fundamentalist_(film)|The Reluctant Fundamentalist]]'', eyakulemberwamu mukyala we. <ref>{{Cite AV media|title=[[The Reluctant Fundamentalist]]|date=2012|last=Nair|first=Mira|publisher=[[IFC Films]]}}</ref> Mu 2024, yeegatta ku [[:en:Gaza_tribunal|Gaza Tribunal]], eyagenderera "okuzuukusa ebibiina by'obwannakyewa ku buvunaanyizibwa bwabyo n'okukomya ekittabantu kya Yisirayiri mu Gaza." <ref>{{Cite web |title=Home |url=https://gazatribunal.com/ |access-date=2025-12-07 |website=Gaza Tribunal |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title='Gaza Tribunal' established in London to seek justice for war crimes in Gaza |url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/europe/-gaza-tribunal-established-in-london-to-seek-justice-for-war-crimes-in-gaza/3383887 |access-date=2026-01-07 |website=www.aa.com.tr}}</ref> == Okusiimibwa == Mu 2008, mu kunoonyereza okwakolebwa ku mutimbagano mu lwatu, Mamdani yalondebwa ng'owomwenda ku bantu abagezi abasinga mu nsi yonna ku lukalala lw'abagezigezi 100 okuva mu ''[[:en:Prospect_(magazine)|Prospect Magazine]]'' (UK) ne ''[[:en:Foreign_Policy|Foreign Policy]]'' (US). <ref>{{Cite web |date=2008 |title=The 2008 List |url=http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/prospect-100-intellectuals/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090930143349/http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/prospect-100-intellectuals/ |archive-date=30 September 2009 |publisher=[[Prospect (magazine)|Prospect Magazine]] (UK) / [[Foreign Policy]] (US)}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |date=2008 |title=The World's Top 20 Public Intellectuals |journal=Foreign Policy |publisher=Slate Group, LLC |issue=167 |pages=54–57 |issn=0015-7228 |eissn=1945-2276 |jstor=25462318}}</ref> Mu Gwomusanvu 2017, Mamdani yalondebwa okubeera [[:en:Corresponding_Fellow_of_the_British_Academy|Omukwanaganya wa British Academy (FBA)]], ettendekero ly’eggwanga erya Bungereza erikola ku by’obuntubulamu ne ssaayansi w’embeera z’abantu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 July 2017 |title=Elections to the British Academy celebrate the diversity of UK research |url=http://www.britac.ac.uk/news/elections-british-academy-celebrate-diversity-uk-research |access-date=29 July 2017 |website=British Academy}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano nga 28, 2018 ( [[:en:Africa_Day|Africa Day]] ), Mamdani yalondebwa okuba pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa mu Center for African Studies mu Yunivasite y’e Cape Town. Dayirekita wa CAS [[:en:Lungisile_Ntsebeza|Lungisile Ntsebeza]], okulondebwa kuno yakuyita kwa "byafaayo mu bitongole", era nga kikulu mu nteekateeka y'okufuna obwetwaze bwa yunivasite m okuva mu kwekalakaasa kw'abayizi okwa " [[:en:Rhodes_Must_Fall|Rhodes Must Fall]] " mu Gwokusatu 2015. Abakulembeze b'abayizi bangi baali balaze obukulu bwa Ssikaala ya Mamdani, era okusinziira ku kino, UCT yandibadde ekola enkyukakyuka ez'omuggundu ku ntegeka y'ensoma. <ref name="uwn20184">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="cas20183">{{Cite web|title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT|website=Centre for African Studies, UCT|date=28 May 2018|url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-date=7 November 2025|url-status=live|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Prof Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/contacts/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041546/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/contacts/mahmood-mamdani |archive-date=4 Oct 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Faculty of Humanities}}</ref> === Engule n’okusunsulwa === * 1997: [[:en:Herskovits_Prize|Herskovits Prize]] for ''[[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]''<ref name="cas20184">{{cite web |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT|website=Centre for African Studies, UCT|date=28 May 2018|url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-date=7 November 2025|url-status=live|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> * 1999: [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|University of Cape Town]] Book Award for ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism''<ref>{{cite web |title=UCT Book Award |url=https://www.uct.ac.za/about/honours/bookaward/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130404065845/http://www.uct.ac.za/about/honours/bookaward/ |archive-date=4 April 2013 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[University of Cape Town]]}}</ref> * 2009: GDS Eminent Scholar Award from the [[:en:International_Studies_Association|International Studies Association]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=GDS Eminent Scholar Award Past Recipients |url=https://www.isanet.org/Programs/Awards/GDS-Eminent-Scholar/Past-Recipients |access-date=16 January 2019 |website=www.isanet.org}}</ref> * 2011: [[:en:H._F._Lenfest|Lenfest]] Distinguished Faculty Award<ref>{{cite web |date=15 April 2011 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani Recognized with Lenfest Award |url=http://www.sipa.columbia.edu/news_events/announcements/MahmoodMamdaniFacultyAward04152011.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121221034143/http://sipa.columbia.edu/news_events/announcements/MahmoodMamdaniFacultyAward04152011.html |archive-date=21 December 2012 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[School of International and Public Affairs, Columbia University]]}}</ref> * 2012: Scholar of the Year at the 2nd Annual African Diaspora Awards for his immense contribution to African Scholarship<ref>{{cite web |date=19 November 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani Is To Be Honored As "Scholar of the Year" At The Annual African Diaspora Awards NYC |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/news/prof-mamdani-be-honored-scholar-year-annual-african-diaspora-awards-nyc |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University|MISR]]}}</ref> * 2012: Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012<ref name="diaspora2">{{cite web |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora|title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012|date=29 November 2012|publisher=ugandandiaspora.com|access-date=21 March 2013|archive-date=1 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora|url-status=dead}}</ref> * 2021: ''[[:en:Neither_Settler_Nor_Native:_The_Making_and_Unmaking_of_Permanent_Minorities|Neither Settler Nor Native: The Making and Unmaking of Permanent Minorities]]'' (2020), shortlisted for the [[:en:British_Academy_Book_Prize_for_Global_Cultural_Understanding|British Academy Book Prize for Global Cultural Understanding]], and as "World History Finalist" by Association of American Publishers Awards for Professional and Scholarly Excellence ([[:en:PROSE_Awards|PROSE Awards]])<ref name="bio23">{{cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani|website=Department of Anthropology|url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> === Diguli ez’ekitiibwa === * 25 Ogwokutaano 2010: [[:en:University_of_Johannesburg|University of Johannesburg]], [[:en:DLitt|DLitt]] ([[:en:Honoris_Causa|Honoris Causa]])<ref>{{cite web |date=May 2010 |title=Mahmood Mamdani conferred with an honorary doctorate |url=http://www.uj.ac.za/EN/Newsroom/News/Pages/MahmoodMamdaniconferredwithanhonorarydoctorate201006222.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130421210222/http://www.uj.ac.za/EN/Newsroom/News/Pages/MahmoodMamdaniconferredwithanhonorarydoctorate201006222.aspx |archive-date=21 April 2013 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[University of Johannesburg]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=25 May 2010 |title=Speech delivered by Professor Prof Mahmood Mamdani at the University of Johannesburg, South Africa |url=http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech-2.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501065506/http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech-2.pdf |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[CODESRIA]]}}</ref> * 24 Ogwomusanvu 2010: [[:en:Addis_Ababa_University|Addis Ababa University]], DLitt (Honoris Causa)<ref>{{cite web |date=24 July 2010 |title=Remarks on receipt of Honorary Doctorate at Addis Ababa University |url=http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech_2-2.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501065507/http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech_2-2.pdf |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[CODESRIA]]}}</ref> * 24 Ogwokuna 2012: [[:en:University_of_KwaZulu-Natal|University of KwaZulu-Natal]], DLitt (Honoris Causa)<ref>{{cite web |date=12 April 2012 |title=Media Statement: UKZN To honour leading South Africans and women graduates excel |url=http://www.ukzn.ac.za/docs/media-releases/graduation-2012.docx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305015502/http://www.ukzn.ac.za/docs/media-releases/graduation-2012.docx |archive-date=5 March 2016 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[University of KwaZulu-Natal]] |format=[[MS Word]]}}</ref><ref name="kwazulu20122">{{cite web |date=24 April 2012 |title=Address on Receiving an Honorary Doctorate at the University of Kwazulu Natal |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/mesaas/images/faculty/news/Mamdani%20commencement.pdf |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> == Obulamu bwe ng'omuntu == Mamdani yawasa [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]], dayirekita wa firimu era pulodyusa Omuyindi ng’abeera mu Amerika, mu 1991. Baasooka kusisinkana mu [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, n’oluvannyuma ne baddamu mu Kampala, Uganda, mu 1989 Nair bwe yali akola okunoonyereza ku firimu ye, ''[[Mississippi Masala]]'' . <ref name="lahr2002">{{cite interview|first=Mira|last=Nair|interviewer-last=Lahr|interviewer-first=John|title=Whirlwind|website=[[The New Yorker]]|date=2 December 2002|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|url-access=subscription|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141022030926/http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|archive-date=22 October 2014|url-status=live|quote=Published in the print edition of the December 9, 2002, issue.}}</ref> <ref name="indian tele2">{{Cite web|url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp|url-status=dead|archive-date=2 February 2009|title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly|last=Sen|first=Manjula|date=25 January 2009|access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref>Baagattibwa mu 1991. Mu 2025 Mamdani ne Nair babeera mu kitundu kya [[:en:Morningside_Heights|Morningside Heights]] mu [[:en:Manhattan|Manhattan]], okumpi ne Yunivaasite y'e Columbia. <ref name="haag20252">{{Cite web|last=Haag|first=Matthew|last2=Goldberg|first2=Emma|title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics|website=[[The New York Times]]|date=27 June 2025|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html|archive-date=7 October 2025|url-status=live|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news}}</ref> Omwana wa Mamdani ne Nair omu yekka, [[Zohran Mamdani]], yazaalibwa mu Kampala mu 1991. == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 23h4z60fslzi3qyirkkspm9vyrqmg9x 48713 48712 2026-05-03T10:27:38Z Charles Kalanzi 9748 48713 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mahmood Mamdani''' [ a ] FBA (yazaalibwa 23 Ogwokuna 1946) munnayuganda [[:en:Anthropologist|omukugu mu by'enkula y'abantu]], munnaby'anjigiriza, era omukugu mu by'obufuzi. Ye Herbert Lehman Pulofeesa wa Gavumenti era pulofeesa w’ensonga z'ekikula ky'abantu, [[:en:Political_science|ssaayansi w’ebyobufuzi]], n’okunoonyereza [[:en:African_studies|ku nsoma y'Afirika]] mu [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]] . Era akola nga Ccansala wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda, era nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa ku Center for African Studis mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y'e Cape Town]] . Emabegako yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole kya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. Mamdani mukugu mu kusoma ebyobufuzi bya Afrika n’ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw’amatwale]] n’oluvannyuma [[:en:Postcolonialism|lw'obufuzi bw’amatwale]], n’ebyobufuzi [[:en:Knowledge_economy|by’ebyenfuna]] . Mufumbo nga mukazi we ye [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]] omuzannyi wa firimu . Ye ne Nair be bazadde ba [[:en:New_York_City_Mayor|Meeya w'ekibuga New York]] [[Zohran Mamdani]] . == Obuto bwe n’okusoma == Mahmood Mamdani yazaalibwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1946 mu [[:en:Bombay|kibuga Bombay]] (kati Mumbai), Buyindi, ng’ebula omwaka gumu [[:en:British_Raj|enfuga ya Bungereza]] ekome. <ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/education/news/mahmood-mamdani-education-and-career-path-how-zohran-mamdanis-father-built-a-legacy-of-revolution-through-ideas-and-exile/articleshow/122064130.cms "Mahmood Mamdani education and career path: How Zohran Mamdani's father built a legacy of revolution through ideas and exile"]. ''The Times of India''. 25 June 2025. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN&nbsp;]][https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-8257 0971-825]7. Retrieved 13 July 2025.</ref> <ref name="codesria">{{Cite web |title=Pr. Mahmood Mamdani (1998-2002) |url=https://codesria.org/pr-mahmood-mamdani-1998-2002/ |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> Yakulira mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=23 February 2021 |title=Mahmood Mamdani on Uganda |url=https://africasacountry.com/2011/04/mamdani-on-uganda |website=Africa is a Country}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Permanent Minorities and the Politics of Survivors: A conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://worldpeacefoundation.org/blog/permanent-minorities-and-the-politics-of-survivors-a-conversation-with-mahmood-mamdani/ |website=World Peace Foundation}}</ref> ng'omu ku [[:en:Indian_diaspora_in_Southeast_Africa|Bayindi ababundabunda mu bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba bwa Afrika]] . Bazadde be bombi, [[:en:Gujarati_Muslim|basiraamu Abagujarati]], baazaalibwa era ne bakulira mu kitundu kya Bungereza eky'amatwale ki [[:en:Tanganyika_Territory|Tanganyika]] (leero Tanzania). Abafumbo bano baagenda e Bombay olwo kitaawe n’asomerayo mu ttendekero ekkulu. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Chen |first=Kuan-Hsing |last2=Gao |first2=Shiming |last3=Tang |first3=Xiaolin |date=2016 |title=The formation of an African intellectual: an interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |journal=Inter-Asia Cultural Studies |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=456–480 |doi=10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref>Muhoozi, Mourice (6 March 2022). [https://www.watchdoguganda.com/news/20220306/131449/meet-ugandas-most-iconic-academician-prof-mahmood-mamdani.html "Meet Uganda's most Iconic academician, Prof. Mahmood Mamdani"]. ''Watchdog Uganda''</ref> Famire yaddayo e [[:en:Dar_es_Salaam|Dar es Salaam]], Tanganyika, nga Mamdani wa myaka ebiri, ne bagenda e Uganda nga wa myaka etaano oba mukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Mu kiseera ekyo, Uganda yali yayawulwamu okusinziira ku mawanga, omuli abantu gye babeera, amasomero, emizikiti, n’ebifo abaana we bazannyira. Okusoma kwe mu pulayimale, Mamdani yasooka kugenda mu [[:en:Madrasa|madarasa]], n’oluvannyuma mu Government Indian Primary School. <ref name=":8"/> Yakula ng'ayogera [[:en:Gujarati_language|Olugujarati]], [[:en:Urdu|Oluurdu]] [[:en:Swahili_language|n'Oluswayiri]] . Yatandika okusoma Olungereza mu kibiina eky’omukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Oluvannyuma lw’okusoma siniya ey’awansi, yasomera ku Old Kampala Senior Secondary School, gye yali omuwandiisi w’ekibiina kya Do-it-Yourself Physics. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uganda: Buganda And Uganda At Crossroads |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090826030635/http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |archive-date=26 August 2009 |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=AllAfrica}}</ref> Mamdani yali omu ku bayizi Bannayuganda 23 abaali mu kibiina kya [[:en:The_Kennedy_Airlift|Kennedy Airlift]] mu 1963, enteekateeka ya sikaala eyaweebwa ssente okuva mu Amerika eyaleetera ebikumi n’ebikumi by'abayizi okuva mu [[:en:East_Africa|Buvanjuba bwa Afrika]] okusomera ku yunivasite mu Amerika ne Canada wakati wa 1959 ne 1963. <ref name="indian tele">{{Cite web |last=Sen |first=Manjula |date=25 January 2009 |title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |archive-date=2 February 2009 |access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref> Mamdani yatikkirwa diguli ya Bachelor of Arts okuva mu [[:en:University_of_Pittsburgh|Yunivasite y’e Pittsburgh]] <ref name="codesria"/> mu 1967. <ref>{{Cite book |date=1 January 2010 |title=International Encyclopedia of Civil Society |url=https://link.springer.com/referencework/10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |vauthors=((Anheier, H. K.)), ((Toepler, S.)) |publisher=Springer US |isbn=978-0-387-93994-0 |editor-last=Anheier |editor-first=Helmut K. |doi=10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |editor-last2=Toepler |editor-first2=Stefan}}</ref> Yali omu ku bayizi abangi mu bukiikakkono bwa Amerika abaali mu lugendo lwa bbaasi mu bukiikaddyo okutuuka e [[:en:Montgomery,_Alabama|Montgomery, Alabama]], olwategekebwa [[:en:Student_Nonviolent_Coordinating_Committee|akakiiko akakwasaganya abayizi abatali ba ffujjo]] mu Gwokusatu 1965 okwetaba mu kaweefube w'okulwanirira [[:en:Civil_rights_movement|eddembe ly’obuntu]] . Kino kyaliwo mu kiseera ky’okutambula okuva e [[:en:Selma_to_Montgomery_marches|Selma okutuuka e Montgomery]], naye nga kyo kya njawulo. Yasibibwa mu kkomera mu kutambula kuno era n’akkirizibwa okukuba essimu. Mamdani yakubira [[:en:Embassy_of_Uganda,_Washington,_D.C.|omubaka wa Uganda]] e [[:en:Washington,_DC|Washington, DC]], amuyambe. Omubaka yamubuuza lwaki "ayingirira ensonga z'omunda mu nsi engwira", n'amuddamu nti teyali nsonga ya munda wabula olutalo lw'eddembe era nti nabo eddembe lyabwe baali bakalifuna omwaka ogwakaggwa. <ref name="pambazuka">{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=28 April 2007 |title=The Asian question again: A reflection |url=http://www.pambazuka.org/en/category/comment/41273 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]] (Uganda) |via=pambazuka.org}}</ref> Amangu ddala nga wayiseewo akaseera katono, Mamdani yategeera ku mulimu gwa [[:en:Karl_Marx|Karl Marx]] okuva mu kukyala kwe ku FBI. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Shringarpure |first=Bhakti |author-link=Bhakti Shringarpure |date=15 July 2013 |title=In Conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.warscapes.com/conversations/conversation-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=6 November 2017 |website=Warscapes |language=en |quote=I thought the guy Marx had just died. […] So that was my introduction to Karl Marx.}}</ref> Yasomera ku [[:en:Fletcher_School_of_Law_and_Diplomacy|Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy]] mu [[:en:Tufts_University|Yunivasite ya Tufts]] era mu 1968 yatikkirwa diguli ya Master of Arts mu [[:en:Political_science|byobufuzi]] ne Master of Arts mu mateeka ne diplomacy mu 1969. Yafuna diguli ye [[:en:Doctor_of_philosophy|eyookusatu]] mu gavumenti okuva mu [[:en:Harvard_University|Yunivasite y'e Harvard]] mu 1974, wansi w’obulagirizi bwa [[:en:Karl_Deutsch|Karl Deutsch]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and class formation in Uganda |url=http://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=978-0-85345-378-9 |location=New York |via=Internet Archive}}</ref> Omulamwa kw'eyatambuliza ddiguli ye eyookusatu yagiwa omutwe "''Politics and Class Formation in Uganda."'' <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and Class Formation in Uganda |url=https://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=0-85345-378-0 |location=New York |oclc=2073894 |url-access=registration}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Allen |first=Judith Van |last2=Mamdani |first2=Mahmood |last3=Shivji |first3=Issa G. |date=November 1977 |title=Reviewed Works: Politics and Class Formation in Uganda. by Mahmood Mamdani; Class Struggles in Tanzania. by Issa G. Shivji |journal=Contemporary Sociology |publisher=American Sociological Association |volume=6 |issue=6 |pages=702 |doi=10.2307/2066367 |issn=0094-3061 |eissn=1939-8638 |jstor=2066367}}</ref> == Emirimu gye == Mamdani yakomawo mu Uganda ku ntandikwa ya 1972 era naweebwa omulimu ku [[Makerere University, Uganda|yunivasite y'e Makerere]] mu Kampala [[:en:Teaching_assistant|ng'ayambako omusomesa]], mu kiseera kye kimu yali akola ku kunoonyereza kwe okwa ddiguli eyookusatu. . Ye n’Abaasia abasinga obungi [[:en:Expulsion_of_Asians_from_Uganda|baagobebwa]] mu Uganda ku nkomerero y’omwaka ogwo [[Idi Amin]] olw’amawanga gaabwe; Amin yali agenderera "kuzzaawo" bizinensi n'ebintu. Mamdani yava mu Uganda n’agenda mu nkambi y’ababundabunda mu Bungereza ku ntandikwa y'omwezi Gwekkuminoogumu. <ref name="lrb2022">{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2022-10-06 |title=The Asian Question |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v44/n19/mahmood-mamdani/the-asian-question |journal=[[London Review of Books]] |language=en |volume=44 |issue=19 |issn=0260-9592 |access-date=2025-09-08}}</ref> Yava e Bungereza mu makkati ga 1973 oluvannyuma lw’okuyingizibwa mu [[:en:University_of_Dar_es_Salaam|Yunivasite y’e Dar es Salaam]] mu Tanzania. <ref name="pambazuka"/> <ref name="cas2018">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> <ref name="bio2">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> Mu Dar es Salaam, yamaliriza okuwandiika dissertation ye. Yali mujjumbize nnyo n’ebibiina ebiwakanya Amin. Mu 1979, yeetaba mu Ttabamiruka w’e Moshi ng’omutunuulizi. Yaddayo mu Uganda oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa ku bukulembeze oluvannyuma lw'olutalo lwa [[Olutalo lwa Uganda ne Tanzania|Uganda ne Tanzania]] mu 1979. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McCormack |first=Pete |date=17 October 2005 |title=Interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.petemccormack.com/interview_mamdani_001.htm |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=petemccormack.com}}</ref> <ref name="bio2" /> Mu kiseera kino, yakozesebwa ng'omutendeke mu kibiina kya [[:en:All_Africa_Conference_of_Churches|All Africa Conference of Churches]], omukago [[:en:Ecumenical_Christian|gw'Abakristaayo ogw'ensi yonna]] ogusangibwa e [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, ng'akolera mu ofiisi [[:en:Church_of_Uganda|y'Ekkanisa ya Uganda]] mu Kampala. <ref name="lrb2022"/> Okuva mu 1980 (oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa mu ntebe mu 1979) okutuuka mu 1993 yaddamu okukolera yunivasite y’e Makerere. <ref name="bio2"/> <ref name="lrb2022"/>​[[Milton Obote|​]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kagolo |first=Francis |date=8 February 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani to be honoured among Africa's best |url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/628869-prof-mamdani-to-be-honoured-among-africa-s-best.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]]}}</ref> Yaddayo e Dar es Salaam. Oluvannyuma lwa Obote okugobwa mu ntebe omulundi ogwokubiri, Mamdani yaddamu okudda mu Uganda mu Gwomukaaga 1986. <ref name="indian tele"/> Yali dayirekita eyatandikawo ekitongole kya Centre for Basic Research (CBR), ekitongole kya Uganda ekitali kya gavumenti ekyasooka mu kunoonyereza, mwe yaweereza okuva mu 1987 okutuuka mu 1996. <ref name="diaspora">{{Cite web |date=29 November 2012 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012 |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=ugandandiaspora.com}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> <ref name="csds">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Yaliko pulofeesa omugenyi ku [[:en:University_of_Durban-Westville|Yunivasite y’e Durban]] - [[:en:Westville,_KwaZulu-Natal|Westville]] mu South Africa (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka mu Gwomukaaga 1993), ku [[:en:Nehru_Memorial_Museum_&_Library|Nehru Memorial Museum & Library]] e New Delhi (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka Gwomukaaga 1995), ne mu [[:en:Princeton_University|Yunivasite y'e Princeton]] (1995–96). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vance |first=Dara |date=2015-11-20 |title=UK Committee on Social Theory Hosts Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://uknow.uky.edu/uk-happenings/uk-committee-social-theory-hosts-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=UKNow}}</ref> Mu 1996, yalondebwa okubeera omukulembeze w’entebe ya [[:en:Archibald_Campbell_Jordan|AC Jordan]] ey'ensoma y'Afirika mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y’e Cape Town]], <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 March 2011 |title=UCT in war over 'bantu education' |url=http://mg.co.za/article/2011-03-11-uct-in-war-over-bantu-education |access-date=22 March 2013}}</ref> era ku ntandikwa ya 1997 n’afuuka akulira [[:en:Centre_for_African_Studies|ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku by'ensoma y'Afirika]] (CAS). <ref name="uwn2018">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> Yavaawo oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obutakkaanya n'abasomesa (abasinga obungi abazungu) ku bbago ly'ensoma ye ey'omusomo ogw'omusingi ku Afrika oguyitibwa "Problematising Africa". <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=June 1, 1998 |title=Is African studies to be turned into a new home for Bantu education at UCT? |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/02533959808458649 |journal=Social Dynamics |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=63–75 |doi=10.1080/02533959808458649 |issn=0253-3952 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> Mamdani, eyalaga nti ensoma eriwo eya " [[:en:Bantu_Education_Act,_1953|Bantu studies]] " (mu kujjuliza ku kusomesa Abaddugavu wansi w'enfuga [[:en:Apartheid|y'obusosoze]] ) <ref name="cas2018" /> yayimirizibwa era okukkakkana ng'alekulidde. <ref name="davis2017">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> "Ensonga ya Mamdani" ekyayogerwako mu kukubaganya ebirowoozo ku [[:en:Decolonization_of_higher_education_in_South_Africa|kununula amatendekero aga waggulu okuva mu nsoma y'abamatwale]] . Oluvannyuma yagamba nti teyalina busungu ku muntu yenna, era yalina enkolagana ennungi ekiseera kye yamalayo. Yagamba nti obutakwatagana bwali ku njawulo mu ndowooza n'addala ensengeka y’ensoma ku bikwata ku kusoma South Africa ng’ensi ya Afrika. Oluvannyuma (2018) yakomezebwawo nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa asuutibwa. [ b ] <ref name="uwn2018" /> Mu 1999, Mamdani yalondebwa okuba dayirekita w’ekitongole ekikola ku by’okunoonyereza ku Afirika mu yunivasite ya Columbia, ekifo kye yalina okutuusa mu 2004. <ref name="uwn2018"/> Okuva olwo abadde asomesa eyo (nga 2025). <ref name="haag2025">{{Cite web |last=Haag |first=Matthew |last2=Goldberg |first2=Emma |date=27 June 2025 |title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |archive-date=7 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku mbeera z’abantu ekya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=18 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University]] |archive-date=2 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002055113/http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Agaba |first=John |title=Mamdani talks about his research legacy and work at Makerere |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20220329112608625 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="bio2"/> Okutuuka mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2025 [[:en:Columbia_University#Academics|pulofeesa wa Herbert Lehman mu Gavumenti]] era pulofeesa ku nkula y'abantu, okusoma saayansi w'ebyobufuzi [[:en:African_studies|n'okusoma ku Afirika]] ku [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]].<ref name="bio2" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Faculty Bio: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/anthropology/fac-bios/mamdani/faculty.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Era akola nga chancellor wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://kiu.ac.ug/news-page.php?i=press-release-kampala-international-university-kiu-appoints-prof-mahmood-mamdani-as-chancellor |access-date=24 August 2020 |publisher=[[Kampala International University]]}}</ref> == Okunoonyereza n'okuwandiika == Mamdani yeemalira mu kunoonyereza ku byobufuzi bya Afirika n'eby'ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw'amatwale]] [[:en:Postcolonialism|n'oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale]], n'ebyobufuzi by'ebyenfuna. Ebitabo bye byekenneenya enkolagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'ebyobuwangwa, okugeraageranya [[:en:Colonialism|okufugibwa kw'amatwale]] okuva mu 1452, ebyafaayo by'entalo z'omunda [[:en:Genocide|n'ekitta bantu]] mu Afirika, [[:en:Cold_War|Olutalo olw'Ensi Yonna olw'ebigambo]] [[:en:War_on_terror|n'olutalo ku butujju]], n'ebyafaayo by'eddembe ly'obuntu.<ref>vSneh, Itai Nartzizenfield (2008). [https://books.google.com/books?id=iax4AAAAMAAJ ''The Future Almost Arrived: How Jimmy Carter Failed to Change U.S. Foreign Policy''.] [[:en:Peter_Lang_(publishing_company)|Peter Lang]]. p. 169. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780820481852|9780820481852]]</bdi>.</ref> Okunoonyereza kwe okw'omwaka 2016 kwatandikira ku kitabo kye eky'omwaka 1996, [[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]. <ref>[http://polisci.columbia.edu/people/profile/96 "Mahmood Mamdani | Department of Political Science"]. ''polisci.columbia.edu''. Retrieved 21 January 2016.</ref>Mu kitabo ekyo, yagamba nti eggwanga eryafugibwa terisobola kutegeerwa nga tewekenenyeza bulungi eggwanga eryalifuga.Enkola y'obufuzi bw'amatwale mu Afirika yali eddamu okusoomoozebwa kw'ekibuuzo "ekikulu", era yagamba nti yafuuka "amawanga agaabuluziddwamu".<ref name=":0">Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. pp. 15–16. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|<bdi>9780852553992</bdi>.]]</ref>Kino kyali kikolebwa mu ngeri bbiri: ku ludda olumu nga bafuga butereevu, nga kino kyali kikolwa kya "buyinza" era nga kyali kigenderera okuggya abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo ku ddembe ly'obuntu eryali liweebwa abatuuze mu bitundu ebirala, ate ku ludda olulala nga bafuga mu ngeri etali y'abuteerevu, nga kino kyali kikolebwa mu byalo era nga kizingiramu okuyingiza "bannansi" mu "mateeka g'eggwanga" agaateekebwawo ab'obuyinza mu byalo, era nga kino yakiyita "obwannakyemalira obw'okugabanya obuyinza".<ref name=":0" /> Embeera eno yali "yakusika muguwa" era ng'erimu "engeri bbiri ez'obuyinza wansi w'obuyinza obumu".<ref name=":0" /> Oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale, ebibuga byali tebikyayawulamu bantu lwa langi naye ebyalo byali bikyafugibwa abakulembeze abaali mu nkwawa z'abafuzi b'amatwale, ka babe abakulembeze ab'ennono oba b'ebali bakwasizzaobuyinza nga balina ebiruubirirwa by'okufugisa omukono ogw'ekyuma.<ref>Clapham, Chris (1997). "Review: Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism by Mahmood Mamdani'". ''Royal Institute of International Affairs''. '''73''': 606.</ref>Mu ngeri eno obukulembeze bwonna bwaleeta enjawukana mu mawnga era n'ekutondawo obukulembeze bwabwe obw'enjawulo obwannakyemalira.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref> Mamdani yekennenya ebyafaayo mu South Africa ne Uganda okulaga nti obufuzi bw'amatwale bwakozesa obuyinza obuyitiridde era obuyinza obwo bweyongera okubaawo oluvannyuma lw'ameefuga.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. p. 37. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref>Ng’asomooza endowooza eza bulijjo ku busosoze mu South Afrika nga ez’enjawulo, agamba nti [[:en:Apartheid|obusosoze mu mawanga]] bwali ngeri ya bulijjo ey’ettwale lya Bulaaya mu Africa, nga lizingiramu ensonga [[:en:Indirect_rule|z’obufuzi obutali butereevu]] n’okukwatagana<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1 January 1996 |title=Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism |isbn=9780852553992 |pages=16–18}}</ref> Mu kitabo kye ekyafulumizibwa mu 2004 ekya ''Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: America, the Cold War, and the Roots of Terror'' Mamdani yagamba nti [[:en:Suicide_attack|abeetuze]] balina okumanyibwa "ng'ekika ky'omujaasi" era nti balina "okutegeerwa mu ngeri y'effujjo ly'ebyobufuzi ery'omulembe guno okusinga okuvumwavumwa ng'akabonero k'obukambwe". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bickerton |first=James |date=2025-07-11 |title=Zohran Mamdani's father's remark about suicide bombers comes under scrutiny |url=https://www.newsweek.com/zohran-mamdani-father-remark-about-suicide-bombers-comes-under-scrutiny-2097793 |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref> Omuyivu omu yagamba nti kino si kuwagira kwettisa bbomu wabula kwekenneenya okwanenya '"okusalawo kwa Amerika ku nkola y'ensonga z'ebweru naddala mu kiseera ky'olutalo olw'ebigambo", okutondawo embeera [[:en:Islamic_extremism|y'Obusiraamu obw'annalukalala]] [[:en:Political_violence|n'effujjo mu byobufuzi]] " mwe byakulaakulanira. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Murray |first=Conor |date=Jul 11, 2025 |title=Mahmood Mamdani's Work Does Not Advocate Violence, Expert Says |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/conormurray/2025/07/11/sequoias-maguire-unfairly-targets-zohran-mamdanis-father-fellow-academic-says/ |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko bye bifulumiddde mu ''[[:en:London_Review_of_Books|London Review of Books]]'' n'ekampuni ezifulumya ebitabo ebirala.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/contributors/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=London Review of Books |language=en-GB}}</ref> Okusinziira ku CAS, ebiwandiiko bya Mamdani "bibadde bikulu mu kusomebwa abayizi abali ku misomo gyabwe egya undergraduate ne Postgraduate ku UCT ssaako n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo ku nsoma y'ebyafaayo n'ebyobufuzi bya Afirika , nga banonyereza ku nkwatagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'obuwangwa, okugerageranya obufuzi bw'amatwale, entalo ez'omunda mu ggwanga n'ekittabantu mu Afirika".<ref name="uwn20182">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> == Emirimu gy'emirala == Okuva mu 1998 <ref name="bio22">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> oba 1999 okutuuka mu 2002, Mamdani yaweereza nga pulezidenti w'olukiiko olukulaakulanya okunoonyereza ku ssaayansi w'embeera z'abantu mu Afrika ([[:en:Council_for_the_Development_of_Social_Science_Research_in_Africa|Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa]]). <ref name="cas20182">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumineebiri 2001, yawa okwogera ku "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" mu lukungaana lwa [[:en:Nobel_Prize|Nobel Centennial Symposium]] e [[:en:Oslo|Oslo]], Norway. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 December 2001 |title=Speech by Dr. Mahmood Mamdani: "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/mediaplayer/index.php?id=1281 |access-date=24 March 2013 |publisher=Nobel Prize}}</ref> Mu Gwomwenda 2006, Mamdani yali omu ku boogezi abaayitibwa mu lukuŋŋaana lw’ekibiina kya [[:en:Ugandan_North_American_Association_(UNAA)|Uganda North American Association (UNAA)]] mu kibuga New York. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2006-09-05 |title=UNAA Convention was disorganised! |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/news/1141390/unaa-convention-disorganised |access-date=2026-02-18 |publisher=New Vision (Kampala)}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano 2011, mu kiseera ky'okwekalakaasa okwali mu kibangirizi kya Tahrir([[:en:Tahrir_Square_protests|Tahrir Square protests]]) mu kibuga [[:en:Cairo|Cairo]], Misiri, Mamdani yayitibwa okwogerako mu [[:en:American_University_of_Cairo|Yunivasite y’Amerika e Cairo]]. Ng’ayogera eri abayizi mu [[:en:University_of_KwaZulu-Natal|yunivasite y’e KwaZulu-Natal]] mu South Africa mu 2012, kino yakigeraageranya n’obwegugungo obwaliwo mu Soweto ([[:en:1976_Soweto_uprising|Soweto Uprising]]) mu 1976 . <ref name="kwazulu2012">{{Cite web |date=24 April 2012 |title=Address on Receiving an Honorary Doctorate at the University of Kwazulu Natal |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/mesaas/images/faculty/news/Mamdani%20commencement.pdf |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumi 2011, Mamdani (nga bali wamu ne Rhoda Ann Kanaaneh) y'eyali omwogezi omukulu mu lukungaana lw’eggwanga olwasooka olw’abayizi olwa [[:en:Students_for_Justice_in_Palestine|Students for Justice in Palestine]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Silver |first=Carly |date=2011-10-16 |title=Reporting live from the first-ever SJP National Conference |url=https://newvoices.org/2011/10/15/reporting-live-from-the-first-ever-sjp-national-conference/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=New Voices |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nathan-Kazis |first=Josh |date=2011-10-11 |title=Pro-Palestinian Student Activists Plan First National Conference |url=https://forward.com/news/144173/pro-palestinian-student-activists-plan-push/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=The Forward |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2017 yayitibwa okuwa omusomo ku lunaku lwa [[:en:TB_Davie_Memorial_Lecture|TB Davie Memorial]] ku ddembe ly'okusoma mu Yunivasite y'e Cape Town, era emboozi ye, eyatuumibwa "Decolonising the Post-Colonial University" yaleetawo okukubaganya ebirowoozo kungi. <ref name="uwn20183">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="davis20172">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> Okuva mu Gwekkumineebiri 2017 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2018, Mamdani yaweereza nga Rajni Kothari Chair Professor mu [[:en:Centre_for_the_Study_of_Developing_Societies|Center for the Study of Developing Societies]] mu [[:en:Delhi|Delhi,]] Buyindi. Oluvannyuma lw'ekisanja kye okuggwako, nga 4 Ogwokuna 2018 yawa omusomo gwa Rajni Kothari Chair ogutegekebwa buli mwaka, ogwatuumibwa "Okulowooza ku bwenkanya okuyita mu bumanyirivu bw'Afirika mu kyasa eky'amakumi abiri". <ref name="csds2">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Alabikidde mu firimu z’ebyafaayo ng’omukugu okugeza, ''[[:en:Rwanda:_The_Untold_Story|Rwanda: The Untold Story]]'' (2014, [[:en:BBC|BBC]] ), ''The Dictator’s Playbook'' (2018, [[:en:PBS|PBS]] ) ne ''[[:en:How_to_Become_a_Tyrant|How to Become a Tyrant]]'' (2021, [[:en:Netflix|Netflix]]). <ref>{{Cite AV media|url=https://www.pbs.org/video/idi-amin-3ol3rz/|title=The Dictator's Playbook {{!}} Idi Amin {{!}} Episode 6|language=en|publisher=[[PBS]]|via=}}</ref> Yalabikira mu firimu ya [[:en:Cameo_appearance|cameo]] ,mu firimu ya 2012 ''eya [[:en:The_Reluctant_Fundamentalist_(film)|The Reluctant Fundamentalist]]'', eyakulemberwamu mukyala we. <ref>{{Cite AV media|title=[[The Reluctant Fundamentalist]]|date=2012|last=Nair|first=Mira|publisher=[[IFC Films]]}}</ref> Mu 2024, yeegatta ku [[:en:Gaza_tribunal|Gaza Tribunal]], eyagenderera "okuzuukusa ebibiina by'obwannakyewa ku buvunaanyizibwa bwabyo n'okukomya ekittabantu kya Yisirayiri mu Gaza." <ref>{{Cite web |title=Home |url=https://gazatribunal.com/ |access-date=2025-12-07 |website=Gaza Tribunal |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title='Gaza Tribunal' established in London to seek justice for war crimes in Gaza |url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/europe/-gaza-tribunal-established-in-london-to-seek-justice-for-war-crimes-in-gaza/3383887 |access-date=2026-01-07 |website=www.aa.com.tr}}</ref> == Okusiimibwa == Mu 2008, mu kunoonyereza okwakolebwa ku mutimbagano mu lwatu, Mamdani yalondebwa ng'owomwenda ku bantu abagezi abasinga mu nsi yonna ku lukalala lw'abagezigezi 100 okuva mu ''[[:en:Prospect_(magazine)|Prospect Magazine]]'' (UK) ne ''[[:en:Foreign_Policy|Foreign Policy]]'' (US). <ref>{{Cite web |date=2008 |title=The 2008 List |url=http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/prospect-100-intellectuals/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090930143349/http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/prospect-100-intellectuals/ |archive-date=30 September 2009 |publisher=[[Prospect (magazine)|Prospect Magazine]] (UK) / [[Foreign Policy]] (US)}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |date=2008 |title=The World's Top 20 Public Intellectuals |journal=Foreign Policy |publisher=Slate Group, LLC |issue=167 |pages=54–57 |issn=0015-7228 |eissn=1945-2276 |jstor=25462318}}</ref> Mu Gwomusanvu 2017, Mamdani yalondebwa okubeera [[:en:Corresponding_Fellow_of_the_British_Academy|Omukwanaganya wa British Academy (FBA)]], ettendekero ly’eggwanga erya Bungereza erikola ku by’obuntubulamu ne ssaayansi w’embeera z’abantu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 July 2017 |title=Elections to the British Academy celebrate the diversity of UK research |url=http://www.britac.ac.uk/news/elections-british-academy-celebrate-diversity-uk-research |access-date=29 July 2017 |website=British Academy}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano nga 28, 2018 ( [[:en:Africa_Day|Africa Day]] ), Mamdani yalondebwa okuba pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa mu Center for African Studies mu Yunivasite y’e Cape Town. Dayirekita wa CAS [[:en:Lungisile_Ntsebeza|Lungisile Ntsebeza]], okulondebwa kuno yakuyita kwa "byafaayo mu bitongole", era nga kikulu mu nteekateeka y'okufuna obwetwaze bwa yunivasite m okuva mu kwekalakaasa kw'abayizi okwa " [[:en:Rhodes_Must_Fall|Rhodes Must Fall]] " mu Gwokusatu 2015. Abakulembeze b'abayizi bangi baali balaze obukulu bwa Ssikaala ya Mamdani, era okusinziira ku kino, UCT yandibadde ekola enkyukakyuka ez'omuggundu ku ntegeka y'ensoma. <ref name="uwn20184">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="cas20183">{{Cite web|title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT|website=Centre for African Studies, UCT|date=28 May 2018|url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-date=7 November 2025|url-status=live|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Prof Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/contacts/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041546/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/contacts/mahmood-mamdani |archive-date=4 Oct 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Faculty of Humanities}}</ref> === Engule n’okusunsulwa === * 1997: [[:en:Herskovits_Prize|Herskovits Prize]] for ''[[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]''<ref name="cas20184">{{cite web |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT|website=Centre for African Studies, UCT|date=28 May 2018|url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-date=7 November 2025|url-status=live|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> * 1999: [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|University of Cape Town]] Book Award for ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism''<ref>{{cite web |title=UCT Book Award |url=https://www.uct.ac.za/about/honours/bookaward/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130404065845/http://www.uct.ac.za/about/honours/bookaward/ |archive-date=4 April 2013 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[University of Cape Town]]}}</ref> * 2009: GDS Eminent Scholar Award from the [[:en:International_Studies_Association|International Studies Association]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=GDS Eminent Scholar Award Past Recipients |url=https://www.isanet.org/Programs/Awards/GDS-Eminent-Scholar/Past-Recipients |access-date=16 January 2019 |website=www.isanet.org}}</ref> * 2011: [[:en:H._F._Lenfest|Lenfest]] Distinguished Faculty Award<ref>{{cite web |date=15 April 2011 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani Recognized with Lenfest Award |url=http://www.sipa.columbia.edu/news_events/announcements/MahmoodMamdaniFacultyAward04152011.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121221034143/http://sipa.columbia.edu/news_events/announcements/MahmoodMamdaniFacultyAward04152011.html |archive-date=21 December 2012 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[School of International and Public Affairs, Columbia University]]}}</ref> * 2012: Scholar of the Year at the 2nd Annual African Diaspora Awards for his immense contribution to African Scholarship<ref>{{cite web |date=19 November 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani Is To Be Honored As "Scholar of the Year" At The Annual African Diaspora Awards NYC |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/news/prof-mamdani-be-honored-scholar-year-annual-african-diaspora-awards-nyc |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University|MISR]]}}</ref> * 2012: Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012<ref name="diaspora2">{{cite web |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora|title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012|date=29 November 2012|publisher=ugandandiaspora.com|access-date=21 March 2013|archive-date=1 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora|url-status=dead}}</ref> * 2021: ''[[:en:Neither_Settler_Nor_Native:_The_Making_and_Unmaking_of_Permanent_Minorities|Neither Settler Nor Native: The Making and Unmaking of Permanent Minorities]]'' (2020), shortlisted for the [[:en:British_Academy_Book_Prize_for_Global_Cultural_Understanding|British Academy Book Prize for Global Cultural Understanding]], and as "World History Finalist" by Association of American Publishers Awards for Professional and Scholarly Excellence ([[:en:PROSE_Awards|PROSE Awards]])<ref name="bio23">{{cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani|website=Department of Anthropology|url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> === Diguli ez’ekitiibwa === * 25 Ogwokutaano 2010: [[:en:University_of_Johannesburg|University of Johannesburg]], [[:en:DLitt|DLitt]] ([[:en:Honoris_Causa|Honoris Causa]])<ref>{{cite web |date=May 2010 |title=Mahmood Mamdani conferred with an honorary doctorate |url=http://www.uj.ac.za/EN/Newsroom/News/Pages/MahmoodMamdaniconferredwithanhonorarydoctorate201006222.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130421210222/http://www.uj.ac.za/EN/Newsroom/News/Pages/MahmoodMamdaniconferredwithanhonorarydoctorate201006222.aspx |archive-date=21 April 2013 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[University of Johannesburg]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=25 May 2010 |title=Speech delivered by Professor Prof Mahmood Mamdani at the University of Johannesburg, South Africa |url=http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech-2.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501065506/http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech-2.pdf |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[CODESRIA]]}}</ref> * 24 Ogwomusanvu 2010: [[:en:Addis_Ababa_University|Addis Ababa University]], DLitt (Honoris Causa)<ref>{{cite web |date=24 July 2010 |title=Remarks on receipt of Honorary Doctorate at Addis Ababa University |url=http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech_2-2.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501065507/http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech_2-2.pdf |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[CODESRIA]]}}</ref> * 24 Ogwokuna 2012: [[:en:University_of_KwaZulu-Natal|University of KwaZulu-Natal]], DLitt (Honoris Causa)<ref>{{cite web |date=12 April 2012 |title=Media Statement: UKZN To honour leading South Africans and women graduates excel |url=http://www.ukzn.ac.za/docs/media-releases/graduation-2012.docx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305015502/http://www.ukzn.ac.za/docs/media-releases/graduation-2012.docx |archive-date=5 March 2016 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[University of KwaZulu-Natal]] |format=[[MS Word]]}}</ref><ref name="kwazulu20122">{{cite web |date=24 April 2012 |title=Address on Receiving an Honorary Doctorate at the University of Kwazulu Natal |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/mesaas/images/faculty/news/Mamdani%20commencement.pdf |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> == Obulamu bwe ng'omuntu == Mamdani yawasa [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]], dayirekita wa firimu era pulodyusa Omuyindi ng’abeera mu Amerika, mu 1991. Baasooka kusisinkana mu [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, n’oluvannyuma ne baddamu mu Kampala, Uganda, mu 1989 Nair bwe yali akola okunoonyereza ku firimu ye, ''[[Mississippi Masala]]'' . <ref name="lahr2002">{{cite interview|first=Mira|last=Nair|interviewer-last=Lahr|interviewer-first=John|title=Whirlwind|website=[[The New Yorker]]|date=2 December 2002|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|url-access=subscription|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141022030926/http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|archive-date=22 October 2014|url-status=live|quote=Published in the print edition of the December 9, 2002, issue.}}</ref> <ref name="indian tele2">{{Cite web|url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp|url-status=dead|archive-date=2 February 2009|title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly|last=Sen|first=Manjula|date=25 January 2009|access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref>Baagattibwa mu 1991. Mu 2025 Mamdani ne Nair babeera mu kitundu kya [[:en:Morningside_Heights|Morningside Heights]] mu [[:en:Manhattan|Manhattan]], okumpi ne Yunivaasite y'e Columbia. <ref name="haag20252">{{Cite web|last=Haag|first=Matthew|last2=Goldberg|first2=Emma|title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics|website=[[The New York Times]]|date=27 June 2025|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html|archive-date=7 October 2025|url-status=live|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news}}</ref> Omwana wa Mamdani ne Nair omu yekka, [[Zohran Mamdani]], yazaalibwa mu Kampala mu 1991. Mu 1996 famire ye yasengukira e [[:en:Cape_Town|Cape Town]], South Africa, Mamdani okutwala omulimu gw’okukulira enteekateeka y’okusoma eby'Afirika mu Yunivasite y’e Cape Town, era n’abeerayo okumala emyaka nga esatu. <ref name="lahr20022">{{cite interview|first=Mira|last=Nair|interviewer-last=Lahr|interviewer-first=John|title=Whirlwind|website=[[The New Yorker]]|date=2 December 2002|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|url-access=subscription|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141022030926/http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|archive-date=22 October 2014|url-status=live|quote=Published in the print edition of the December 9, 2002, issue.}}</ref> == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] g9tz70ndvx49vphu0xnxa7mktsn31jx 48715 48713 2026-05-03T10:30:50Z Charles Kalanzi 9748 48715 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mahmood Mamdani''' [ a ] FBA (yazaalibwa 23 Ogwokuna 1946) munnayuganda [[:en:Anthropologist|omukugu mu by'enkula y'abantu]], munnaby'anjigiriza, era omukugu mu by'obufuzi. Ye Herbert Lehman Pulofeesa wa Gavumenti era pulofeesa w’ensonga z'ekikula ky'abantu, [[:en:Political_science|ssaayansi w’ebyobufuzi]], n’okunoonyereza [[:en:African_studies|ku nsoma y'Afirika]] mu [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]] . Era akola nga Ccansala wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda, era nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa ku Center for African Studis mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y'e Cape Town]] . Emabegako yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole kya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. Mamdani mukugu mu kusoma ebyobufuzi bya Afrika n’ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw’amatwale]] n’oluvannyuma [[:en:Postcolonialism|lw'obufuzi bw’amatwale]], n’ebyobufuzi [[:en:Knowledge_economy|by’ebyenfuna]] . Mufumbo nga mukazi we ye [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]] omuzannyi wa firimu . Ye ne Nair be bazadde ba [[:en:New_York_City_Mayor|Meeya w'ekibuga New York]] [[Zohran Mamdani]] . == Obuto bwe n’okusoma == Mahmood Mamdani yazaalibwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1946 mu [[:en:Bombay|kibuga Bombay]] (kati Mumbai), Buyindi, ng’ebula omwaka gumu [[:en:British_Raj|enfuga ya Bungereza]] ekome. <ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/education/news/mahmood-mamdani-education-and-career-path-how-zohran-mamdanis-father-built-a-legacy-of-revolution-through-ideas-and-exile/articleshow/122064130.cms "Mahmood Mamdani education and career path: How Zohran Mamdani's father built a legacy of revolution through ideas and exile"]. ''The Times of India''. 25 June 2025. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN&nbsp;]][https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-8257 0971-825]7. Retrieved 13 July 2025.</ref> <ref name="codesria">{{Cite web |title=Pr. Mahmood Mamdani (1998-2002) |url=https://codesria.org/pr-mahmood-mamdani-1998-2002/ |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> Yakulira mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=23 February 2021 |title=Mahmood Mamdani on Uganda |url=https://africasacountry.com/2011/04/mamdani-on-uganda |website=Africa is a Country}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Permanent Minorities and the Politics of Survivors: A conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://worldpeacefoundation.org/blog/permanent-minorities-and-the-politics-of-survivors-a-conversation-with-mahmood-mamdani/ |website=World Peace Foundation}}</ref> ng'omu ku [[:en:Indian_diaspora_in_Southeast_Africa|Bayindi ababundabunda mu bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba bwa Afrika]] . Bazadde be bombi, [[:en:Gujarati_Muslim|basiraamu Abagujarati]], baazaalibwa era ne bakulira mu kitundu kya Bungereza eky'amatwale ki [[:en:Tanganyika_Territory|Tanganyika]] (leero Tanzania). Abafumbo bano baagenda e Bombay olwo kitaawe n’asomerayo mu ttendekero ekkulu. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Chen |first=Kuan-Hsing |last2=Gao |first2=Shiming |last3=Tang |first3=Xiaolin |date=2016 |title=The formation of an African intellectual: an interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |journal=Inter-Asia Cultural Studies |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=456–480 |doi=10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref>Muhoozi, Mourice (6 March 2022). [https://www.watchdoguganda.com/news/20220306/131449/meet-ugandas-most-iconic-academician-prof-mahmood-mamdani.html "Meet Uganda's most Iconic academician, Prof. Mahmood Mamdani"]. ''Watchdog Uganda''</ref> Famire yaddayo e [[:en:Dar_es_Salaam|Dar es Salaam]], Tanganyika, nga Mamdani wa myaka ebiri, ne bagenda e Uganda nga wa myaka etaano oba mukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Mu kiseera ekyo, Uganda yali yayawulwamu okusinziira ku mawanga, omuli abantu gye babeera, amasomero, emizikiti, n’ebifo abaana we bazannyira. Okusoma kwe mu pulayimale, Mamdani yasooka kugenda mu [[:en:Madrasa|madarasa]], n’oluvannyuma mu Government Indian Primary School. <ref name=":8"/> Yakula ng'ayogera [[:en:Gujarati_language|Olugujarati]], [[:en:Urdu|Oluurdu]] [[:en:Swahili_language|n'Oluswayiri]] . Yatandika okusoma Olungereza mu kibiina eky’omukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Oluvannyuma lw’okusoma siniya ey’awansi, yasomera ku Old Kampala Senior Secondary School, gye yali omuwandiisi w’ekibiina kya Do-it-Yourself Physics. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uganda: Buganda And Uganda At Crossroads |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090826030635/http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |archive-date=26 August 2009 |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=AllAfrica}}</ref> Mamdani yali omu ku bayizi Bannayuganda 23 abaali mu kibiina kya [[:en:The_Kennedy_Airlift|Kennedy Airlift]] mu 1963, enteekateeka ya sikaala eyaweebwa ssente okuva mu Amerika eyaleetera ebikumi n’ebikumi by'abayizi okuva mu [[:en:East_Africa|Buvanjuba bwa Afrika]] okusomera ku yunivasite mu Amerika ne Canada wakati wa 1959 ne 1963. <ref name="indian tele">{{Cite web |last=Sen |first=Manjula |date=25 January 2009 |title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |archive-date=2 February 2009 |access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref> Mamdani yatikkirwa diguli ya Bachelor of Arts okuva mu [[:en:University_of_Pittsburgh|Yunivasite y’e Pittsburgh]] <ref name="codesria"/> mu 1967. <ref>{{Cite book |date=1 January 2010 |title=International Encyclopedia of Civil Society |url=https://link.springer.com/referencework/10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |vauthors=((Anheier, H. K.)), ((Toepler, S.)) |publisher=Springer US |isbn=978-0-387-93994-0 |editor-last=Anheier |editor-first=Helmut K. |doi=10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |editor-last2=Toepler |editor-first2=Stefan}}</ref> Yali omu ku bayizi abangi mu bukiikakkono bwa Amerika abaali mu lugendo lwa bbaasi mu bukiikaddyo okutuuka e [[:en:Montgomery,_Alabama|Montgomery, Alabama]], olwategekebwa [[:en:Student_Nonviolent_Coordinating_Committee|akakiiko akakwasaganya abayizi abatali ba ffujjo]] mu Gwokusatu 1965 okwetaba mu kaweefube w'okulwanirira [[:en:Civil_rights_movement|eddembe ly’obuntu]] . Kino kyaliwo mu kiseera ky’okutambula okuva e [[:en:Selma_to_Montgomery_marches|Selma okutuuka e Montgomery]], naye nga kyo kya njawulo. Yasibibwa mu kkomera mu kutambula kuno era n’akkirizibwa okukuba essimu. Mamdani yakubira [[:en:Embassy_of_Uganda,_Washington,_D.C.|omubaka wa Uganda]] e [[:en:Washington,_DC|Washington, DC]], amuyambe. Omubaka yamubuuza lwaki "ayingirira ensonga z'omunda mu nsi engwira", n'amuddamu nti teyali nsonga ya munda wabula olutalo lw'eddembe era nti nabo eddembe lyabwe baali bakalifuna omwaka ogwakaggwa. <ref name="pambazuka">{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=28 April 2007 |title=The Asian question again: A reflection |url=http://www.pambazuka.org/en/category/comment/41273 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]] (Uganda) |via=pambazuka.org}}</ref> Amangu ddala nga wayiseewo akaseera katono, Mamdani yategeera ku mulimu gwa [[:en:Karl_Marx|Karl Marx]] okuva mu kukyala kwe ku FBI. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Shringarpure |first=Bhakti |author-link=Bhakti Shringarpure |date=15 July 2013 |title=In Conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.warscapes.com/conversations/conversation-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=6 November 2017 |website=Warscapes |language=en |quote=I thought the guy Marx had just died. […] So that was my introduction to Karl Marx.}}</ref> Yasomera ku [[:en:Fletcher_School_of_Law_and_Diplomacy|Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy]] mu [[:en:Tufts_University|Yunivasite ya Tufts]] era mu 1968 yatikkirwa diguli ya Master of Arts mu [[:en:Political_science|byobufuzi]] ne Master of Arts mu mateeka ne diplomacy mu 1969. Yafuna diguli ye [[:en:Doctor_of_philosophy|eyookusatu]] mu gavumenti okuva mu [[:en:Harvard_University|Yunivasite y'e Harvard]] mu 1974, wansi w’obulagirizi bwa [[:en:Karl_Deutsch|Karl Deutsch]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and class formation in Uganda |url=http://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=978-0-85345-378-9 |location=New York |via=Internet Archive}}</ref> Omulamwa kw'eyatambuliza ddiguli ye eyookusatu yagiwa omutwe "''Politics and Class Formation in Uganda."'' <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and Class Formation in Uganda |url=https://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=0-85345-378-0 |location=New York |oclc=2073894 |url-access=registration}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Allen |first=Judith Van |last2=Mamdani |first2=Mahmood |last3=Shivji |first3=Issa G. |date=November 1977 |title=Reviewed Works: Politics and Class Formation in Uganda. by Mahmood Mamdani; Class Struggles in Tanzania. by Issa G. Shivji |journal=Contemporary Sociology |publisher=American Sociological Association |volume=6 |issue=6 |pages=702 |doi=10.2307/2066367 |issn=0094-3061 |eissn=1939-8638 |jstor=2066367}}</ref> == Emirimu gye == Mamdani yakomawo mu Uganda ku ntandikwa ya 1972 era naweebwa omulimu ku [[Makerere University, Uganda|yunivasite y'e Makerere]] mu Kampala [[:en:Teaching_assistant|ng'ayambako omusomesa]], mu kiseera kye kimu yali akola ku kunoonyereza kwe okwa ddiguli eyookusatu. . Ye n’Abaasia abasinga obungi [[:en:Expulsion_of_Asians_from_Uganda|baagobebwa]] mu Uganda ku nkomerero y’omwaka ogwo [[Idi Amin]] olw’amawanga gaabwe; Amin yali agenderera "kuzzaawo" bizinensi n'ebintu. Mamdani yava mu Uganda n’agenda mu nkambi y’ababundabunda mu Bungereza ku ntandikwa y'omwezi Gwekkuminoogumu. <ref name="lrb2022">{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2022-10-06 |title=The Asian Question |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v44/n19/mahmood-mamdani/the-asian-question |journal=[[London Review of Books]] |language=en |volume=44 |issue=19 |issn=0260-9592 |access-date=2025-09-08}}</ref> Yava e Bungereza mu makkati ga 1973 oluvannyuma lw’okuyingizibwa mu [[:en:University_of_Dar_es_Salaam|Yunivasite y’e Dar es Salaam]] mu Tanzania. <ref name="pambazuka"/> <ref name="cas2018">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> <ref name="bio2">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> Mu Dar es Salaam, yamaliriza okuwandiika dissertation ye. Yali mujjumbize nnyo n’ebibiina ebiwakanya Amin. Mu 1979, yeetaba mu Ttabamiruka w’e Moshi ng’omutunuulizi. Yaddayo mu Uganda oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa ku bukulembeze oluvannyuma lw'olutalo lwa [[Olutalo lwa Uganda ne Tanzania|Uganda ne Tanzania]] mu 1979. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McCormack |first=Pete |date=17 October 2005 |title=Interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.petemccormack.com/interview_mamdani_001.htm |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=petemccormack.com}}</ref> <ref name="bio2" /> Mu kiseera kino, yakozesebwa ng'omutendeke mu kibiina kya [[:en:All_Africa_Conference_of_Churches|All Africa Conference of Churches]], omukago [[:en:Ecumenical_Christian|gw'Abakristaayo ogw'ensi yonna]] ogusangibwa e [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, ng'akolera mu ofiisi [[:en:Church_of_Uganda|y'Ekkanisa ya Uganda]] mu Kampala. <ref name="lrb2022"/> Okuva mu 1980 (oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa mu ntebe mu 1979) okutuuka mu 1993 yaddamu okukolera yunivasite y’e Makerere. <ref name="bio2"/> <ref name="lrb2022"/>​[[Milton Obote|​]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kagolo |first=Francis |date=8 February 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani to be honoured among Africa's best |url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/628869-prof-mamdani-to-be-honoured-among-africa-s-best.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]]}}</ref> Yaddayo e Dar es Salaam. Oluvannyuma lwa Obote okugobwa mu ntebe omulundi ogwokubiri, Mamdani yaddamu okudda mu Uganda mu Gwomukaaga 1986. <ref name="indian tele"/> Yali dayirekita eyatandikawo ekitongole kya Centre for Basic Research (CBR), ekitongole kya Uganda ekitali kya gavumenti ekyasooka mu kunoonyereza, mwe yaweereza okuva mu 1987 okutuuka mu 1996. <ref name="diaspora">{{Cite web |date=29 November 2012 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012 |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=ugandandiaspora.com}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> <ref name="csds">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Yaliko pulofeesa omugenyi ku [[:en:University_of_Durban-Westville|Yunivasite y’e Durban]] - [[:en:Westville,_KwaZulu-Natal|Westville]] mu South Africa (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka mu Gwomukaaga 1993), ku [[:en:Nehru_Memorial_Museum_&_Library|Nehru Memorial Museum & Library]] e New Delhi (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka Gwomukaaga 1995), ne mu [[:en:Princeton_University|Yunivasite y'e Princeton]] (1995–96). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vance |first=Dara |date=2015-11-20 |title=UK Committee on Social Theory Hosts Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://uknow.uky.edu/uk-happenings/uk-committee-social-theory-hosts-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=UKNow}}</ref> Mu 1996, yalondebwa okubeera omukulembeze w’entebe ya [[:en:Archibald_Campbell_Jordan|AC Jordan]] ey'ensoma y'Afirika mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y’e Cape Town]], <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 March 2011 |title=UCT in war over 'bantu education' |url=http://mg.co.za/article/2011-03-11-uct-in-war-over-bantu-education |access-date=22 March 2013}}</ref> era ku ntandikwa ya 1997 n’afuuka akulira [[:en:Centre_for_African_Studies|ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku by'ensoma y'Afirika]] (CAS). <ref name="uwn2018">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> Yavaawo oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obutakkaanya n'abasomesa (abasinga obungi abazungu) ku bbago ly'ensoma ye ey'omusomo ogw'omusingi ku Afrika oguyitibwa "Problematising Africa". <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=June 1, 1998 |title=Is African studies to be turned into a new home for Bantu education at UCT? |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/02533959808458649 |journal=Social Dynamics |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=63–75 |doi=10.1080/02533959808458649 |issn=0253-3952 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> Mamdani, eyalaga nti ensoma eriwo eya " [[:en:Bantu_Education_Act,_1953|Bantu studies]] " (mu kujjuliza ku kusomesa Abaddugavu wansi w'enfuga [[:en:Apartheid|y'obusosoze]] ) <ref name="cas2018" /> yayimirizibwa era okukkakkana ng'alekulidde. <ref name="davis2017">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> "Ensonga ya Mamdani" ekyayogerwako mu kukubaganya ebirowoozo ku [[:en:Decolonization_of_higher_education_in_South_Africa|kununula amatendekero aga waggulu okuva mu nsoma y'abamatwale]] . Oluvannyuma yagamba nti teyalina busungu ku muntu yenna, era yalina enkolagana ennungi ekiseera kye yamalayo. Yagamba nti obutakwatagana bwali ku njawulo mu ndowooza n'addala ensengeka y’ensoma ku bikwata ku kusoma South Africa ng’ensi ya Afrika. Oluvannyuma (2018) yakomezebwawo nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa asuutibwa. [ b ] <ref name="uwn2018" /> Mu 1999, Mamdani yalondebwa okuba dayirekita w’ekitongole ekikola ku by’okunoonyereza ku Afirika mu yunivasite ya Columbia, ekifo kye yalina okutuusa mu 2004. <ref name="uwn2018"/> Okuva olwo abadde asomesa eyo (nga 2025). <ref name="haag2025">{{Cite web |last=Haag |first=Matthew |last2=Goldberg |first2=Emma |date=27 June 2025 |title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |archive-date=7 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku mbeera z’abantu ekya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=18 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University]] |archive-date=2 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002055113/http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Agaba |first=John |title=Mamdani talks about his research legacy and work at Makerere |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20220329112608625 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="bio2"/> Okutuuka mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2025 [[:en:Columbia_University#Academics|pulofeesa wa Herbert Lehman mu Gavumenti]] era pulofeesa ku nkula y'abantu, okusoma saayansi w'ebyobufuzi [[:en:African_studies|n'okusoma ku Afirika]] ku [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]].<ref name="bio2" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Faculty Bio: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/anthropology/fac-bios/mamdani/faculty.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Era akola nga chancellor wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://kiu.ac.ug/news-page.php?i=press-release-kampala-international-university-kiu-appoints-prof-mahmood-mamdani-as-chancellor |access-date=24 August 2020 |publisher=[[Kampala International University]]}}</ref> == Okunoonyereza n'okuwandiika == Mamdani yeemalira mu kunoonyereza ku byobufuzi bya Afirika n'eby'ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw'amatwale]] [[:en:Postcolonialism|n'oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale]], n'ebyobufuzi by'ebyenfuna. Ebitabo bye byekenneenya enkolagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'ebyobuwangwa, okugeraageranya [[:en:Colonialism|okufugibwa kw'amatwale]] okuva mu 1452, ebyafaayo by'entalo z'omunda [[:en:Genocide|n'ekitta bantu]] mu Afirika, [[:en:Cold_War|Olutalo olw'Ensi Yonna olw'ebigambo]] [[:en:War_on_terror|n'olutalo ku butujju]], n'ebyafaayo by'eddembe ly'obuntu.<ref>vSneh, Itai Nartzizenfield (2008). [https://books.google.com/books?id=iax4AAAAMAAJ ''The Future Almost Arrived: How Jimmy Carter Failed to Change U.S. Foreign Policy''.] [[:en:Peter_Lang_(publishing_company)|Peter Lang]]. p. 169. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780820481852|9780820481852]]</bdi>.</ref> Okunoonyereza kwe okw'omwaka 2016 kwatandikira ku kitabo kye eky'omwaka 1996, [[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]. <ref>[http://polisci.columbia.edu/people/profile/96 "Mahmood Mamdani | Department of Political Science"]. ''polisci.columbia.edu''. Retrieved 21 January 2016.</ref>Mu kitabo ekyo, yagamba nti eggwanga eryafugibwa terisobola kutegeerwa nga tewekenenyeza bulungi eggwanga eryalifuga.Enkola y'obufuzi bw'amatwale mu Afirika yali eddamu okusoomoozebwa kw'ekibuuzo "ekikulu", era yagamba nti yafuuka "amawanga agaabuluziddwamu".<ref name=":0">Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. pp. 15–16. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|<bdi>9780852553992</bdi>.]]</ref>Kino kyali kikolebwa mu ngeri bbiri: ku ludda olumu nga bafuga butereevu, nga kino kyali kikolwa kya "buyinza" era nga kyali kigenderera okuggya abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo ku ddembe ly'obuntu eryali liweebwa abatuuze mu bitundu ebirala, ate ku ludda olulala nga bafuga mu ngeri etali y'abuteerevu, nga kino kyali kikolebwa mu byalo era nga kizingiramu okuyingiza "bannansi" mu "mateeka g'eggwanga" agaateekebwawo ab'obuyinza mu byalo, era nga kino yakiyita "obwannakyemalira obw'okugabanya obuyinza".<ref name=":0" /> Embeera eno yali "yakusika muguwa" era ng'erimu "engeri bbiri ez'obuyinza wansi w'obuyinza obumu".<ref name=":0" /> Oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale, ebibuga byali tebikyayawulamu bantu lwa langi naye ebyalo byali bikyafugibwa abakulembeze abaali mu nkwawa z'abafuzi b'amatwale, ka babe abakulembeze ab'ennono oba b'ebali bakwasizzaobuyinza nga balina ebiruubirirwa by'okufugisa omukono ogw'ekyuma.<ref>Clapham, Chris (1997). "Review: Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism by Mahmood Mamdani'". ''Royal Institute of International Affairs''. '''73''': 606.</ref>Mu ngeri eno obukulembeze bwonna bwaleeta enjawukana mu mawnga era n'ekutondawo obukulembeze bwabwe obw'enjawulo obwannakyemalira.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref> Mamdani yekennenya ebyafaayo mu South Africa ne Uganda okulaga nti obufuzi bw'amatwale bwakozesa obuyinza obuyitiridde era obuyinza obwo bweyongera okubaawo oluvannyuma lw'ameefuga.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. p. 37. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref>Ng’asomooza endowooza eza bulijjo ku busosoze mu South Afrika nga ez’enjawulo, agamba nti [[:en:Apartheid|obusosoze mu mawanga]] bwali ngeri ya bulijjo ey’ettwale lya Bulaaya mu Africa, nga lizingiramu ensonga [[:en:Indirect_rule|z’obufuzi obutali butereevu]] n’okukwatagana<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1 January 1996 |title=Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism |isbn=9780852553992 |pages=16–18}}</ref> Mu kitabo kye ekyafulumizibwa mu 2004 ekya ''Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: America, the Cold War, and the Roots of Terror'' Mamdani yagamba nti [[:en:Suicide_attack|abeetuze]] balina okumanyibwa "ng'ekika ky'omujaasi" era nti balina "okutegeerwa mu ngeri y'effujjo ly'ebyobufuzi ery'omulembe guno okusinga okuvumwavumwa ng'akabonero k'obukambwe". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bickerton |first=James |date=2025-07-11 |title=Zohran Mamdani's father's remark about suicide bombers comes under scrutiny |url=https://www.newsweek.com/zohran-mamdani-father-remark-about-suicide-bombers-comes-under-scrutiny-2097793 |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref> Omuyivu omu yagamba nti kino si kuwagira kwettisa bbomu wabula kwekenneenya okwanenya '"okusalawo kwa Amerika ku nkola y'ensonga z'ebweru naddala mu kiseera ky'olutalo olw'ebigambo", okutondawo embeera [[:en:Islamic_extremism|y'Obusiraamu obw'annalukalala]] [[:en:Political_violence|n'effujjo mu byobufuzi]] " mwe byakulaakulanira. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Murray |first=Conor |date=Jul 11, 2025 |title=Mahmood Mamdani's Work Does Not Advocate Violence, Expert Says |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/conormurray/2025/07/11/sequoias-maguire-unfairly-targets-zohran-mamdanis-father-fellow-academic-says/ |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko bye bifulumiddde mu ''[[:en:London_Review_of_Books|London Review of Books]]'' n'ekampuni ezifulumya ebitabo ebirala.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/contributors/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=London Review of Books |language=en-GB}}</ref> Okusinziira ku CAS, ebiwandiiko bya Mamdani "bibadde bikulu mu kusomebwa abayizi abali ku misomo gyabwe egya undergraduate ne Postgraduate ku UCT ssaako n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo ku nsoma y'ebyafaayo n'ebyobufuzi bya Afirika , nga banonyereza ku nkwatagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'obuwangwa, okugerageranya obufuzi bw'amatwale, entalo ez'omunda mu ggwanga n'ekittabantu mu Afirika".<ref name="uwn20182">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> == Emirimu gy'emirala == Okuva mu 1998 <ref name="bio22">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> oba 1999 okutuuka mu 2002, Mamdani yaweereza nga pulezidenti w'olukiiko olukulaakulanya okunoonyereza ku ssaayansi w'embeera z'abantu mu Afrika ([[:en:Council_for_the_Development_of_Social_Science_Research_in_Africa|Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa]]). <ref name="cas20182">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumineebiri 2001, yawa okwogera ku "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" mu lukungaana lwa [[:en:Nobel_Prize|Nobel Centennial Symposium]] e [[:en:Oslo|Oslo]], Norway. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 December 2001 |title=Speech by Dr. Mahmood Mamdani: "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/mediaplayer/index.php?id=1281 |access-date=24 March 2013 |publisher=Nobel Prize}}</ref> Mu Gwomwenda 2006, Mamdani yali omu ku boogezi abaayitibwa mu lukuŋŋaana lw’ekibiina kya [[:en:Ugandan_North_American_Association_(UNAA)|Uganda North American Association (UNAA)]] mu kibuga New York. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2006-09-05 |title=UNAA Convention was disorganised! |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/news/1141390/unaa-convention-disorganised |access-date=2026-02-18 |publisher=New Vision (Kampala)}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano 2011, mu kiseera ky'okwekalakaasa okwali mu kibangirizi kya Tahrir([[:en:Tahrir_Square_protests|Tahrir Square protests]]) mu kibuga [[:en:Cairo|Cairo]], Misiri, Mamdani yayitibwa okwogerako mu [[:en:American_University_of_Cairo|Yunivasite y’Amerika e Cairo]]. Ng’ayogera eri abayizi mu [[:en:University_of_KwaZulu-Natal|yunivasite y’e KwaZulu-Natal]] mu South Africa mu 2012, kino yakigeraageranya n’obwegugungo obwaliwo mu Soweto ([[:en:1976_Soweto_uprising|Soweto Uprising]]) mu 1976 . <ref name="kwazulu2012">{{Cite web |date=24 April 2012 |title=Address on Receiving an Honorary Doctorate at the University of Kwazulu Natal |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/mesaas/images/faculty/news/Mamdani%20commencement.pdf |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumi 2011, Mamdani (nga bali wamu ne Rhoda Ann Kanaaneh) y'eyali omwogezi omukulu mu lukungaana lw’eggwanga olwasooka olw’abayizi olwa [[:en:Students_for_Justice_in_Palestine|Students for Justice in Palestine]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Silver |first=Carly |date=2011-10-16 |title=Reporting live from the first-ever SJP National Conference |url=https://newvoices.org/2011/10/15/reporting-live-from-the-first-ever-sjp-national-conference/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=New Voices |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nathan-Kazis |first=Josh |date=2011-10-11 |title=Pro-Palestinian Student Activists Plan First National Conference |url=https://forward.com/news/144173/pro-palestinian-student-activists-plan-push/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=The Forward |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2017 yayitibwa okuwa omusomo ku lunaku lwa [[:en:TB_Davie_Memorial_Lecture|TB Davie Memorial]] ku ddembe ly'okusoma mu Yunivasite y'e Cape Town, era emboozi ye, eyatuumibwa "Decolonising the Post-Colonial University" yaleetawo okukubaganya ebirowoozo kungi. <ref name="uwn20183">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="davis20172">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> Okuva mu Gwekkumineebiri 2017 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2018, Mamdani yaweereza nga Rajni Kothari Chair Professor mu [[:en:Centre_for_the_Study_of_Developing_Societies|Center for the Study of Developing Societies]] mu [[:en:Delhi|Delhi,]] Buyindi. Oluvannyuma lw'ekisanja kye okuggwako, nga 4 Ogwokuna 2018 yawa omusomo gwa Rajni Kothari Chair ogutegekebwa buli mwaka, ogwatuumibwa "Okulowooza ku bwenkanya okuyita mu bumanyirivu bw'Afirika mu kyasa eky'amakumi abiri". <ref name="csds2">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Alabikidde mu firimu z’ebyafaayo ng’omukugu okugeza, ''[[:en:Rwanda:_The_Untold_Story|Rwanda: The Untold Story]]'' (2014, [[:en:BBC|BBC]] ), ''The Dictator’s Playbook'' (2018, [[:en:PBS|PBS]] ) ne ''[[:en:How_to_Become_a_Tyrant|How to Become a Tyrant]]'' (2021, [[:en:Netflix|Netflix]]). <ref>{{Cite AV media|url=https://www.pbs.org/video/idi-amin-3ol3rz/|title=The Dictator's Playbook {{!}} Idi Amin {{!}} Episode 6|language=en|publisher=[[PBS]]|via=}}</ref> Yalabikira mu firimu ya [[:en:Cameo_appearance|cameo]] ,mu firimu ya 2012 ''eya [[:en:The_Reluctant_Fundamentalist_(film)|The Reluctant Fundamentalist]]'', eyakulemberwamu mukyala we. <ref>{{Cite AV media|title=[[The Reluctant Fundamentalist]]|date=2012|last=Nair|first=Mira|publisher=[[IFC Films]]}}</ref> Mu 2024, yeegatta ku [[:en:Gaza_tribunal|Gaza Tribunal]], eyagenderera "okuzuukusa ebibiina by'obwannakyewa ku buvunaanyizibwa bwabyo n'okukomya ekittabantu kya Yisirayiri mu Gaza." <ref>{{Cite web |title=Home |url=https://gazatribunal.com/ |access-date=2025-12-07 |website=Gaza Tribunal |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title='Gaza Tribunal' established in London to seek justice for war crimes in Gaza |url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/europe/-gaza-tribunal-established-in-london-to-seek-justice-for-war-crimes-in-gaza/3383887 |access-date=2026-01-07 |website=www.aa.com.tr}}</ref> == Okusiimibwa == Mu 2008, mu kunoonyereza okwakolebwa ku mutimbagano mu lwatu, Mamdani yalondebwa ng'owomwenda ku bantu abagezi abasinga mu nsi yonna ku lukalala lw'abagezigezi 100 okuva mu ''[[:en:Prospect_(magazine)|Prospect Magazine]]'' (UK) ne ''[[:en:Foreign_Policy|Foreign Policy]]'' (US). <ref>{{Cite web |date=2008 |title=The 2008 List |url=http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/prospect-100-intellectuals/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090930143349/http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/prospect-100-intellectuals/ |archive-date=30 September 2009 |publisher=[[Prospect (magazine)|Prospect Magazine]] (UK) / [[Foreign Policy]] (US)}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |date=2008 |title=The World's Top 20 Public Intellectuals |journal=Foreign Policy |publisher=Slate Group, LLC |issue=167 |pages=54–57 |issn=0015-7228 |eissn=1945-2276 |jstor=25462318}}</ref> Mu Gwomusanvu 2017, Mamdani yalondebwa okubeera [[:en:Corresponding_Fellow_of_the_British_Academy|Omukwanaganya wa British Academy (FBA)]], ettendekero ly’eggwanga erya Bungereza erikola ku by’obuntubulamu ne ssaayansi w’embeera z’abantu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 July 2017 |title=Elections to the British Academy celebrate the diversity of UK research |url=http://www.britac.ac.uk/news/elections-british-academy-celebrate-diversity-uk-research |access-date=29 July 2017 |website=British Academy}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano nga 28, 2018 ( [[:en:Africa_Day|Africa Day]] ), Mamdani yalondebwa okuba pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa mu Center for African Studies mu Yunivasite y’e Cape Town. Dayirekita wa CAS [[:en:Lungisile_Ntsebeza|Lungisile Ntsebeza]], okulondebwa kuno yakuyita kwa "byafaayo mu bitongole", era nga kikulu mu nteekateeka y'okufuna obwetwaze bwa yunivasite m okuva mu kwekalakaasa kw'abayizi okwa " [[:en:Rhodes_Must_Fall|Rhodes Must Fall]] " mu Gwokusatu 2015. Abakulembeze b'abayizi bangi baali balaze obukulu bwa Ssikaala ya Mamdani, era okusinziira ku kino, UCT yandibadde ekola enkyukakyuka ez'omuggundu ku ntegeka y'ensoma. <ref name="uwn20184">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="cas20183">{{Cite web|title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT|website=Centre for African Studies, UCT|date=28 May 2018|url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-date=7 November 2025|url-status=live|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Prof Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/contacts/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041546/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/contacts/mahmood-mamdani |archive-date=4 Oct 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Faculty of Humanities}}</ref> === Engule n’okusunsulwa === * 1997: [[:en:Herskovits_Prize|Herskovits Prize]] for ''[[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]''<ref name="cas20184">{{cite web |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT|website=Centre for African Studies, UCT|date=28 May 2018|url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-date=7 November 2025|url-status=live|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> * 1999: [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|University of Cape Town]] Book Award for ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism''<ref>{{cite web |title=UCT Book Award |url=https://www.uct.ac.za/about/honours/bookaward/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130404065845/http://www.uct.ac.za/about/honours/bookaward/ |archive-date=4 April 2013 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[University of Cape Town]]}}</ref> * 2009: GDS Eminent Scholar Award from the [[:en:International_Studies_Association|International Studies Association]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=GDS Eminent Scholar Award Past Recipients |url=https://www.isanet.org/Programs/Awards/GDS-Eminent-Scholar/Past-Recipients |access-date=16 January 2019 |website=www.isanet.org}}</ref> * 2011: [[:en:H._F._Lenfest|Lenfest]] Distinguished Faculty Award<ref>{{cite web |date=15 April 2011 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani Recognized with Lenfest Award |url=http://www.sipa.columbia.edu/news_events/announcements/MahmoodMamdaniFacultyAward04152011.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121221034143/http://sipa.columbia.edu/news_events/announcements/MahmoodMamdaniFacultyAward04152011.html |archive-date=21 December 2012 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[School of International and Public Affairs, Columbia University]]}}</ref> * 2012: Scholar of the Year at the 2nd Annual African Diaspora Awards for his immense contribution to African Scholarship<ref>{{cite web |date=19 November 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani Is To Be Honored As "Scholar of the Year" At The Annual African Diaspora Awards NYC |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/news/prof-mamdani-be-honored-scholar-year-annual-african-diaspora-awards-nyc |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University|MISR]]}}</ref> * 2012: Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012<ref name="diaspora2">{{cite web |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora|title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012|date=29 November 2012|publisher=ugandandiaspora.com|access-date=21 March 2013|archive-date=1 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora|url-status=dead}}</ref> * 2021: ''[[:en:Neither_Settler_Nor_Native:_The_Making_and_Unmaking_of_Permanent_Minorities|Neither Settler Nor Native: The Making and Unmaking of Permanent Minorities]]'' (2020), shortlisted for the [[:en:British_Academy_Book_Prize_for_Global_Cultural_Understanding|British Academy Book Prize for Global Cultural Understanding]], and as "World History Finalist" by Association of American Publishers Awards for Professional and Scholarly Excellence ([[:en:PROSE_Awards|PROSE Awards]])<ref name="bio23">{{cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani|website=Department of Anthropology|url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> === Diguli ez’ekitiibwa === * 25 Ogwokutaano 2010: [[:en:University_of_Johannesburg|University of Johannesburg]], [[:en:DLitt|DLitt]] ([[:en:Honoris_Causa|Honoris Causa]])<ref>{{cite web |date=May 2010 |title=Mahmood Mamdani conferred with an honorary doctorate |url=http://www.uj.ac.za/EN/Newsroom/News/Pages/MahmoodMamdaniconferredwithanhonorarydoctorate201006222.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130421210222/http://www.uj.ac.za/EN/Newsroom/News/Pages/MahmoodMamdaniconferredwithanhonorarydoctorate201006222.aspx |archive-date=21 April 2013 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[University of Johannesburg]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=25 May 2010 |title=Speech delivered by Professor Prof Mahmood Mamdani at the University of Johannesburg, South Africa |url=http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech-2.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501065506/http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech-2.pdf |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[CODESRIA]]}}</ref> * 24 Ogwomusanvu 2010: [[:en:Addis_Ababa_University|Addis Ababa University]], DLitt (Honoris Causa)<ref>{{cite web |date=24 July 2010 |title=Remarks on receipt of Honorary Doctorate at Addis Ababa University |url=http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech_2-2.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501065507/http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech_2-2.pdf |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[CODESRIA]]}}</ref> * 24 Ogwokuna 2012: [[:en:University_of_KwaZulu-Natal|University of KwaZulu-Natal]], DLitt (Honoris Causa)<ref>{{cite web |date=12 April 2012 |title=Media Statement: UKZN To honour leading South Africans and women graduates excel |url=http://www.ukzn.ac.za/docs/media-releases/graduation-2012.docx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305015502/http://www.ukzn.ac.za/docs/media-releases/graduation-2012.docx |archive-date=5 March 2016 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[University of KwaZulu-Natal]] |format=[[MS Word]]}}</ref><ref name="kwazulu20122">{{cite web |date=24 April 2012 |title=Address on Receiving an Honorary Doctorate at the University of Kwazulu Natal |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/mesaas/images/faculty/news/Mamdani%20commencement.pdf |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> == Obulamu bwe ng'omuntu == Mamdani yawasa [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]], dayirekita wa firimu era pulodyusa Omuyindi ng’abeera mu Amerika, mu 1991. Baasooka kusisinkana mu [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, n’oluvannyuma ne baddamu mu Kampala, Uganda, mu 1989 Nair bwe yali akola okunoonyereza ku firimu ye, ''[[Mississippi Masala]]'' . <ref name="lahr2002">{{cite interview|first=Mira|last=Nair|interviewer-last=Lahr|interviewer-first=John|title=Whirlwind|website=[[The New Yorker]]|date=2 December 2002|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|url-access=subscription|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141022030926/http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|archive-date=22 October 2014|url-status=live|quote=Published in the print edition of the December 9, 2002, issue.}}</ref> <ref name="indian tele2">{{Cite web|url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp|url-status=dead|archive-date=2 February 2009|title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly|last=Sen|first=Manjula|date=25 January 2009|access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref>Baagattibwa mu 1991. Mu 2025 Mamdani ne Nair babeera mu kitundu kya [[:en:Morningside_Heights|Morningside Heights]] mu [[:en:Manhattan|Manhattan]], okumpi ne Yunivaasite y'e Columbia. <ref name="haag20252">{{Cite web|last=Haag|first=Matthew|last2=Goldberg|first2=Emma|title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics|website=[[The New York Times]]|date=27 June 2025|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html|archive-date=7 October 2025|url-status=live|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news}}</ref> Omwana wa Mamdani ne Nair omu yekka, [[Zohran Mamdani]], yazaalibwa mu Kampala mu 1991. Mu 1996 famire ye yasengukira e [[:en:Cape_Town|Cape Town]], South Africa, Mamdani okutwala omulimu gw’okukulira enteekateeka y’okusoma eby'Afirika mu Yunivasite y’e Cape Town, era n’abeerayo okumala emyaka nga esatu. <ref name="lahr20022">{{cite interview|first=Mira|last=Nair|interviewer-last=Lahr|interviewer-first=John|title=Whirlwind|website=[[The New Yorker]]|date=2 December 2002|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|url-access=subscription|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141022030926/http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|archive-date=22 October 2014|url-status=live|quote=Published in the print edition of the December 9, 2002, issue.}}</ref> Nga mu mwaka gwa 1999 baagenda mu Amerika ne basenga mu New York. <ref name="lahr20023">{{cite interview|first=Mira|last=Nair|interviewer-last=Lahr|interviewer-first=John|title=Whirlwind|website=[[The New Yorker]]|date=2 December 2002|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|url-access=subscription|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141022030926/http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|archive-date=22 October 2014|url-status=live|quote=Published in the print edition of the December 9, 2002, issue.}}</ref> == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] f0qy0e31dz3ic3jte9bbb0atjj3f4g0 48716 48715 2026-05-03T10:37:09Z Charles Kalanzi 9748 48716 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mahmood Mamdani''' [ a ] FBA (yazaalibwa 23 Ogwokuna 1946) munnayuganda [[:en:Anthropologist|omukugu mu by'enkula y'abantu]], munnaby'anjigiriza, era omukugu mu by'obufuzi. Ye Herbert Lehman Pulofeesa wa Gavumenti era pulofeesa w’ensonga z'ekikula ky'abantu, [[:en:Political_science|ssaayansi w’ebyobufuzi]], n’okunoonyereza [[:en:African_studies|ku nsoma y'Afirika]] mu [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]] . Era akola nga Ccansala wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda, era nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa ku Center for African Studis mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y'e Cape Town]] . Emabegako yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole kya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. Mamdani mukugu mu kusoma ebyobufuzi bya Afrika n’ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw’amatwale]] n’oluvannyuma [[:en:Postcolonialism|lw'obufuzi bw’amatwale]], n’ebyobufuzi [[:en:Knowledge_economy|by’ebyenfuna]] . Mufumbo nga mukazi we ye [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]] omuzannyi wa firimu . Ye ne Nair be bazadde ba [[:en:New_York_City_Mayor|Meeya w'ekibuga New York]] [[Zohran Mamdani]] . == Obuto bwe n’okusoma == Mahmood Mamdani yazaalibwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1946 mu [[:en:Bombay|kibuga Bombay]] (kati Mumbai), Buyindi, ng’ebula omwaka gumu [[:en:British_Raj|enfuga ya Bungereza]] ekome. <ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/education/news/mahmood-mamdani-education-and-career-path-how-zohran-mamdanis-father-built-a-legacy-of-revolution-through-ideas-and-exile/articleshow/122064130.cms "Mahmood Mamdani education and career path: How Zohran Mamdani's father built a legacy of revolution through ideas and exile"]. ''The Times of India''. 25 June 2025. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN&nbsp;]][https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-8257 0971-825]7. Retrieved 13 July 2025.</ref> <ref name="codesria">{{Cite web |title=Pr. Mahmood Mamdani (1998-2002) |url=https://codesria.org/pr-mahmood-mamdani-1998-2002/ |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> Yakulira mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=23 February 2021 |title=Mahmood Mamdani on Uganda |url=https://africasacountry.com/2011/04/mamdani-on-uganda |website=Africa is a Country}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Permanent Minorities and the Politics of Survivors: A conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://worldpeacefoundation.org/blog/permanent-minorities-and-the-politics-of-survivors-a-conversation-with-mahmood-mamdani/ |website=World Peace Foundation}}</ref> ng'omu ku [[:en:Indian_diaspora_in_Southeast_Africa|Bayindi ababundabunda mu bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba bwa Afrika]] . Bazadde be bombi, [[:en:Gujarati_Muslim|basiraamu Abagujarati]], baazaalibwa era ne bakulira mu kitundu kya Bungereza eky'amatwale ki [[:en:Tanganyika_Territory|Tanganyika]] (leero Tanzania). Abafumbo bano baagenda e Bombay olwo kitaawe n’asomerayo mu ttendekero ekkulu. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Chen |first=Kuan-Hsing |last2=Gao |first2=Shiming |last3=Tang |first3=Xiaolin |date=2016 |title=The formation of an African intellectual: an interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |journal=Inter-Asia Cultural Studies |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=456–480 |doi=10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref>Muhoozi, Mourice (6 March 2022). [https://www.watchdoguganda.com/news/20220306/131449/meet-ugandas-most-iconic-academician-prof-mahmood-mamdani.html "Meet Uganda's most Iconic academician, Prof. Mahmood Mamdani"]. ''Watchdog Uganda''</ref> Famire yaddayo e [[:en:Dar_es_Salaam|Dar es Salaam]], Tanganyika, nga Mamdani wa myaka ebiri, ne bagenda e Uganda nga wa myaka etaano oba mukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Mu kiseera ekyo, Uganda yali yayawulwamu okusinziira ku mawanga, omuli abantu gye babeera, amasomero, emizikiti, n’ebifo abaana we bazannyira. Okusoma kwe mu pulayimale, Mamdani yasooka kugenda mu [[:en:Madrasa|madarasa]], n’oluvannyuma mu Government Indian Primary School. <ref name=":8"/> Yakula ng'ayogera [[:en:Gujarati_language|Olugujarati]], [[:en:Urdu|Oluurdu]] [[:en:Swahili_language|n'Oluswayiri]] . Yatandika okusoma Olungereza mu kibiina eky’omukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Oluvannyuma lw’okusoma siniya ey’awansi, yasomera ku Old Kampala Senior Secondary School, gye yali omuwandiisi w’ekibiina kya Do-it-Yourself Physics. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uganda: Buganda And Uganda At Crossroads |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090826030635/http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |archive-date=26 August 2009 |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=AllAfrica}}</ref> Mamdani yali omu ku bayizi Bannayuganda 23 abaali mu kibiina kya [[:en:The_Kennedy_Airlift|Kennedy Airlift]] mu 1963, enteekateeka ya sikaala eyaweebwa ssente okuva mu Amerika eyaleetera ebikumi n’ebikumi by'abayizi okuva mu [[:en:East_Africa|Buvanjuba bwa Afrika]] okusomera ku yunivasite mu Amerika ne Canada wakati wa 1959 ne 1963. <ref name="indian tele">{{Cite web |last=Sen |first=Manjula |date=25 January 2009 |title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |archive-date=2 February 2009 |access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref> Mamdani yatikkirwa diguli ya Bachelor of Arts okuva mu [[:en:University_of_Pittsburgh|Yunivasite y’e Pittsburgh]] <ref name="codesria"/> mu 1967. <ref>{{Cite book |date=1 January 2010 |title=International Encyclopedia of Civil Society |url=https://link.springer.com/referencework/10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |vauthors=((Anheier, H. K.)), ((Toepler, S.)) |publisher=Springer US |isbn=978-0-387-93994-0 |editor-last=Anheier |editor-first=Helmut K. |doi=10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |editor-last2=Toepler |editor-first2=Stefan}}</ref> Yali omu ku bayizi abangi mu bukiikakkono bwa Amerika abaali mu lugendo lwa bbaasi mu bukiikaddyo okutuuka e [[:en:Montgomery,_Alabama|Montgomery, Alabama]], olwategekebwa [[:en:Student_Nonviolent_Coordinating_Committee|akakiiko akakwasaganya abayizi abatali ba ffujjo]] mu Gwokusatu 1965 okwetaba mu kaweefube w'okulwanirira [[:en:Civil_rights_movement|eddembe ly’obuntu]] . Kino kyaliwo mu kiseera ky’okutambula okuva e [[:en:Selma_to_Montgomery_marches|Selma okutuuka e Montgomery]], naye nga kyo kya njawulo. Yasibibwa mu kkomera mu kutambula kuno era n’akkirizibwa okukuba essimu. Mamdani yakubira [[:en:Embassy_of_Uganda,_Washington,_D.C.|omubaka wa Uganda]] e [[:en:Washington,_DC|Washington, DC]], amuyambe. Omubaka yamubuuza lwaki "ayingirira ensonga z'omunda mu nsi engwira", n'amuddamu nti teyali nsonga ya munda wabula olutalo lw'eddembe era nti nabo eddembe lyabwe baali bakalifuna omwaka ogwakaggwa. <ref name="pambazuka">{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=28 April 2007 |title=The Asian question again: A reflection |url=http://www.pambazuka.org/en/category/comment/41273 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]] (Uganda) |via=pambazuka.org}}</ref> Amangu ddala nga wayiseewo akaseera katono, Mamdani yategeera ku mulimu gwa [[:en:Karl_Marx|Karl Marx]] okuva mu kukyala kwe ku FBI. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Shringarpure |first=Bhakti |author-link=Bhakti Shringarpure |date=15 July 2013 |title=In Conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.warscapes.com/conversations/conversation-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=6 November 2017 |website=Warscapes |language=en |quote=I thought the guy Marx had just died. […] So that was my introduction to Karl Marx.}}</ref> Yasomera ku [[:en:Fletcher_School_of_Law_and_Diplomacy|Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy]] mu [[:en:Tufts_University|Yunivasite ya Tufts]] era mu 1968 yatikkirwa diguli ya Master of Arts mu [[:en:Political_science|byobufuzi]] ne Master of Arts mu mateeka ne diplomacy mu 1969. Yafuna diguli ye [[:en:Doctor_of_philosophy|eyookusatu]] mu gavumenti okuva mu [[:en:Harvard_University|Yunivasite y'e Harvard]] mu 1974, wansi w’obulagirizi bwa [[:en:Karl_Deutsch|Karl Deutsch]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and class formation in Uganda |url=http://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=978-0-85345-378-9 |location=New York |via=Internet Archive}}</ref> Omulamwa kw'eyatambuliza ddiguli ye eyookusatu yagiwa omutwe "''Politics and Class Formation in Uganda."'' <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and Class Formation in Uganda |url=https://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=0-85345-378-0 |location=New York |oclc=2073894 |url-access=registration}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Allen |first=Judith Van |last2=Mamdani |first2=Mahmood |last3=Shivji |first3=Issa G. |date=November 1977 |title=Reviewed Works: Politics and Class Formation in Uganda. by Mahmood Mamdani; Class Struggles in Tanzania. by Issa G. Shivji |journal=Contemporary Sociology |publisher=American Sociological Association |volume=6 |issue=6 |pages=702 |doi=10.2307/2066367 |issn=0094-3061 |eissn=1939-8638 |jstor=2066367}}</ref> == Emirimu gye == Mamdani yakomawo mu Uganda ku ntandikwa ya 1972 era naweebwa omulimu ku [[Makerere University, Uganda|yunivasite y'e Makerere]] mu Kampala [[:en:Teaching_assistant|ng'ayambako omusomesa]], mu kiseera kye kimu yali akola ku kunoonyereza kwe okwa ddiguli eyookusatu. . Ye n’Abaasia abasinga obungi [[:en:Expulsion_of_Asians_from_Uganda|baagobebwa]] mu Uganda ku nkomerero y’omwaka ogwo [[Idi Amin]] olw’amawanga gaabwe; Amin yali agenderera "kuzzaawo" bizinensi n'ebintu. Mamdani yava mu Uganda n’agenda mu nkambi y’ababundabunda mu Bungereza ku ntandikwa y'omwezi Gwekkuminoogumu. <ref name="lrb2022">{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2022-10-06 |title=The Asian Question |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v44/n19/mahmood-mamdani/the-asian-question |journal=[[London Review of Books]] |language=en |volume=44 |issue=19 |issn=0260-9592 |access-date=2025-09-08}}</ref> Yava e Bungereza mu makkati ga 1973 oluvannyuma lw’okuyingizibwa mu [[:en:University_of_Dar_es_Salaam|Yunivasite y’e Dar es Salaam]] mu Tanzania. <ref name="pambazuka"/> <ref name="cas2018">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> <ref name="bio2">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> Mu Dar es Salaam, yamaliriza okuwandiika dissertation ye. Yali mujjumbize nnyo n’ebibiina ebiwakanya Amin. Mu 1979, yeetaba mu Ttabamiruka w’e Moshi ng’omutunuulizi. Yaddayo mu Uganda oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa ku bukulembeze oluvannyuma lw'olutalo lwa [[Olutalo lwa Uganda ne Tanzania|Uganda ne Tanzania]] mu 1979. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McCormack |first=Pete |date=17 October 2005 |title=Interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.petemccormack.com/interview_mamdani_001.htm |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=petemccormack.com}}</ref> <ref name="bio2" /> Mu kiseera kino, yakozesebwa ng'omutendeke mu kibiina kya [[:en:All_Africa_Conference_of_Churches|All Africa Conference of Churches]], omukago [[:en:Ecumenical_Christian|gw'Abakristaayo ogw'ensi yonna]] ogusangibwa e [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, ng'akolera mu ofiisi [[:en:Church_of_Uganda|y'Ekkanisa ya Uganda]] mu Kampala. <ref name="lrb2022"/> Okuva mu 1980 (oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa mu ntebe mu 1979) okutuuka mu 1993 yaddamu okukolera yunivasite y’e Makerere. <ref name="bio2"/> <ref name="lrb2022"/>​[[Milton Obote|​]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kagolo |first=Francis |date=8 February 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani to be honoured among Africa's best |url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/628869-prof-mamdani-to-be-honoured-among-africa-s-best.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]]}}</ref> Yaddayo e Dar es Salaam. Oluvannyuma lwa Obote okugobwa mu ntebe omulundi ogwokubiri, Mamdani yaddamu okudda mu Uganda mu Gwomukaaga 1986. <ref name="indian tele"/> Yali dayirekita eyatandikawo ekitongole kya Centre for Basic Research (CBR), ekitongole kya Uganda ekitali kya gavumenti ekyasooka mu kunoonyereza, mwe yaweereza okuva mu 1987 okutuuka mu 1996. <ref name="diaspora">{{Cite web |date=29 November 2012 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012 |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=ugandandiaspora.com}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> <ref name="csds">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Yaliko pulofeesa omugenyi ku [[:en:University_of_Durban-Westville|Yunivasite y’e Durban]] - [[:en:Westville,_KwaZulu-Natal|Westville]] mu South Africa (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka mu Gwomukaaga 1993), ku [[:en:Nehru_Memorial_Museum_&_Library|Nehru Memorial Museum & Library]] e New Delhi (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka Gwomukaaga 1995), ne mu [[:en:Princeton_University|Yunivasite y'e Princeton]] (1995–96). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vance |first=Dara |date=2015-11-20 |title=UK Committee on Social Theory Hosts Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://uknow.uky.edu/uk-happenings/uk-committee-social-theory-hosts-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=UKNow}}</ref> Mu 1996, yalondebwa okubeera omukulembeze w’entebe ya [[:en:Archibald_Campbell_Jordan|AC Jordan]] ey'ensoma y'Afirika mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y’e Cape Town]], <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 March 2011 |title=UCT in war over 'bantu education' |url=http://mg.co.za/article/2011-03-11-uct-in-war-over-bantu-education |access-date=22 March 2013}}</ref> era ku ntandikwa ya 1997 n’afuuka akulira [[:en:Centre_for_African_Studies|ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku by'ensoma y'Afirika]] (CAS). <ref name="uwn2018">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> Yavaawo oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obutakkaanya n'abasomesa (abasinga obungi abazungu) ku bbago ly'ensoma ye ey'omusomo ogw'omusingi ku Afrika oguyitibwa "Problematising Africa". <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=June 1, 1998 |title=Is African studies to be turned into a new home for Bantu education at UCT? |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/02533959808458649 |journal=Social Dynamics |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=63–75 |doi=10.1080/02533959808458649 |issn=0253-3952 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> Mamdani, eyalaga nti ensoma eriwo eya " [[:en:Bantu_Education_Act,_1953|Bantu studies]] " (mu kujjuliza ku kusomesa Abaddugavu wansi w'enfuga [[:en:Apartheid|y'obusosoze]] ) <ref name="cas2018" /> yayimirizibwa era okukkakkana ng'alekulidde. <ref name="davis2017">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> "Ensonga ya Mamdani" ekyayogerwako mu kukubaganya ebirowoozo ku [[:en:Decolonization_of_higher_education_in_South_Africa|kununula amatendekero aga waggulu okuva mu nsoma y'abamatwale]] . Oluvannyuma yagamba nti teyalina busungu ku muntu yenna, era yalina enkolagana ennungi ekiseera kye yamalayo. Yagamba nti obutakwatagana bwali ku njawulo mu ndowooza n'addala ensengeka y’ensoma ku bikwata ku kusoma South Africa ng’ensi ya Afrika. Oluvannyuma (2018) yakomezebwawo nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa asuutibwa. [ b ] <ref name="uwn2018" /> Mu 1999, Mamdani yalondebwa okuba dayirekita w’ekitongole ekikola ku by’okunoonyereza ku Afirika mu yunivasite ya Columbia, ekifo kye yalina okutuusa mu 2004. <ref name="uwn2018"/> Okuva olwo abadde asomesa eyo (nga 2025). <ref name="haag2025">{{Cite web |last=Haag |first=Matthew |last2=Goldberg |first2=Emma |date=27 June 2025 |title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |archive-date=7 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku mbeera z’abantu ekya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=18 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University]] |archive-date=2 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002055113/http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Agaba |first=John |title=Mamdani talks about his research legacy and work at Makerere |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20220329112608625 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="bio2"/> Okutuuka mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2025 [[:en:Columbia_University#Academics|pulofeesa wa Herbert Lehman mu Gavumenti]] era pulofeesa ku nkula y'abantu, okusoma saayansi w'ebyobufuzi [[:en:African_studies|n'okusoma ku Afirika]] ku [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]].<ref name="bio2" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Faculty Bio: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/anthropology/fac-bios/mamdani/faculty.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Era akola nga chancellor wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://kiu.ac.ug/news-page.php?i=press-release-kampala-international-university-kiu-appoints-prof-mahmood-mamdani-as-chancellor |access-date=24 August 2020 |publisher=[[Kampala International University]]}}</ref> == Okunoonyereza n'okuwandiika == Mamdani yeemalira mu kunoonyereza ku byobufuzi bya Afirika n'eby'ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw'amatwale]] [[:en:Postcolonialism|n'oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale]], n'ebyobufuzi by'ebyenfuna. Ebitabo bye byekenneenya enkolagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'ebyobuwangwa, okugeraageranya [[:en:Colonialism|okufugibwa kw'amatwale]] okuva mu 1452, ebyafaayo by'entalo z'omunda [[:en:Genocide|n'ekitta bantu]] mu Afirika, [[:en:Cold_War|Olutalo olw'Ensi Yonna olw'ebigambo]] [[:en:War_on_terror|n'olutalo ku butujju]], n'ebyafaayo by'eddembe ly'obuntu.<ref>vSneh, Itai Nartzizenfield (2008). [https://books.google.com/books?id=iax4AAAAMAAJ ''The Future Almost Arrived: How Jimmy Carter Failed to Change U.S. Foreign Policy''.] [[:en:Peter_Lang_(publishing_company)|Peter Lang]]. p. 169. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780820481852|9780820481852]]</bdi>.</ref> Okunoonyereza kwe okw'omwaka 2016 kwatandikira ku kitabo kye eky'omwaka 1996, [[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]. <ref>[http://polisci.columbia.edu/people/profile/96 "Mahmood Mamdani | Department of Political Science"]. ''polisci.columbia.edu''. Retrieved 21 January 2016.</ref>Mu kitabo ekyo, yagamba nti eggwanga eryafugibwa terisobola kutegeerwa nga tewekenenyeza bulungi eggwanga eryalifuga.Enkola y'obufuzi bw'amatwale mu Afirika yali eddamu okusoomoozebwa kw'ekibuuzo "ekikulu", era yagamba nti yafuuka "amawanga agaabuluziddwamu".<ref name=":0">Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. pp. 15–16. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|<bdi>9780852553992</bdi>.]]</ref>Kino kyali kikolebwa mu ngeri bbiri: ku ludda olumu nga bafuga butereevu, nga kino kyali kikolwa kya "buyinza" era nga kyali kigenderera okuggya abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo ku ddembe ly'obuntu eryali liweebwa abatuuze mu bitundu ebirala, ate ku ludda olulala nga bafuga mu ngeri etali y'abuteerevu, nga kino kyali kikolebwa mu byalo era nga kizingiramu okuyingiza "bannansi" mu "mateeka g'eggwanga" agaateekebwawo ab'obuyinza mu byalo, era nga kino yakiyita "obwannakyemalira obw'okugabanya obuyinza".<ref name=":0" /> Embeera eno yali "yakusika muguwa" era ng'erimu "engeri bbiri ez'obuyinza wansi w'obuyinza obumu".<ref name=":0" /> Oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale, ebibuga byali tebikyayawulamu bantu lwa langi naye ebyalo byali bikyafugibwa abakulembeze abaali mu nkwawa z'abafuzi b'amatwale, ka babe abakulembeze ab'ennono oba b'ebali bakwasizzaobuyinza nga balina ebiruubirirwa by'okufugisa omukono ogw'ekyuma.<ref>Clapham, Chris (1997). "Review: Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism by Mahmood Mamdani'". ''Royal Institute of International Affairs''. '''73''': 606.</ref>Mu ngeri eno obukulembeze bwonna bwaleeta enjawukana mu mawnga era n'ekutondawo obukulembeze bwabwe obw'enjawulo obwannakyemalira.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref> Mamdani yekennenya ebyafaayo mu South Africa ne Uganda okulaga nti obufuzi bw'amatwale bwakozesa obuyinza obuyitiridde era obuyinza obwo bweyongera okubaawo oluvannyuma lw'ameefuga.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. p. 37. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref>Ng’asomooza endowooza eza bulijjo ku busosoze mu South Afrika nga ez’enjawulo, agamba nti [[:en:Apartheid|obusosoze mu mawanga]] bwali ngeri ya bulijjo ey’ettwale lya Bulaaya mu Africa, nga lizingiramu ensonga [[:en:Indirect_rule|z’obufuzi obutali butereevu]] n’okukwatagana<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1 January 1996 |title=Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism |isbn=9780852553992 |pages=16–18}}</ref> Mu kitabo kye ekyafulumizibwa mu 2004 ekya ''Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: America, the Cold War, and the Roots of Terror'' Mamdani yagamba nti [[:en:Suicide_attack|abeetuze]] balina okumanyibwa "ng'ekika ky'omujaasi" era nti balina "okutegeerwa mu ngeri y'effujjo ly'ebyobufuzi ery'omulembe guno okusinga okuvumwavumwa ng'akabonero k'obukambwe". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bickerton |first=James |date=2025-07-11 |title=Zohran Mamdani's father's remark about suicide bombers comes under scrutiny |url=https://www.newsweek.com/zohran-mamdani-father-remark-about-suicide-bombers-comes-under-scrutiny-2097793 |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref> Omuyivu omu yagamba nti kino si kuwagira kwettisa bbomu wabula kwekenneenya okwanenya '"okusalawo kwa Amerika ku nkola y'ensonga z'ebweru naddala mu kiseera ky'olutalo olw'ebigambo", okutondawo embeera [[:en:Islamic_extremism|y'Obusiraamu obw'annalukalala]] [[:en:Political_violence|n'effujjo mu byobufuzi]] " mwe byakulaakulanira. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Murray |first=Conor |date=Jul 11, 2025 |title=Mahmood Mamdani's Work Does Not Advocate Violence, Expert Says |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/conormurray/2025/07/11/sequoias-maguire-unfairly-targets-zohran-mamdanis-father-fellow-academic-says/ |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko bye bifulumiddde mu ''[[:en:London_Review_of_Books|London Review of Books]]'' n'ekampuni ezifulumya ebitabo ebirala.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/contributors/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=London Review of Books |language=en-GB}}</ref> Okusinziira ku CAS, ebiwandiiko bya Mamdani "bibadde bikulu mu kusomebwa abayizi abali ku misomo gyabwe egya undergraduate ne Postgraduate ku UCT ssaako n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo ku nsoma y'ebyafaayo n'ebyobufuzi bya Afirika , nga banonyereza ku nkwatagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'obuwangwa, okugerageranya obufuzi bw'amatwale, entalo ez'omunda mu ggwanga n'ekittabantu mu Afirika".<ref name="uwn20182">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> == Emirimu gy'emirala == Okuva mu 1998 <ref name="bio22">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> oba 1999 okutuuka mu 2002, Mamdani yaweereza nga pulezidenti w'olukiiko olukulaakulanya okunoonyereza ku ssaayansi w'embeera z'abantu mu Afrika ([[:en:Council_for_the_Development_of_Social_Science_Research_in_Africa|Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa]]). <ref name="cas20182">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumineebiri 2001, yawa okwogera ku "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" mu lukungaana lwa [[:en:Nobel_Prize|Nobel Centennial Symposium]] e [[:en:Oslo|Oslo]], Norway. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 December 2001 |title=Speech by Dr. Mahmood Mamdani: "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/mediaplayer/index.php?id=1281 |access-date=24 March 2013 |publisher=Nobel Prize}}</ref> Mu Gwomwenda 2006, Mamdani yali omu ku boogezi abaayitibwa mu lukuŋŋaana lw’ekibiina kya [[:en:Ugandan_North_American_Association_(UNAA)|Uganda North American Association (UNAA)]] mu kibuga New York. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2006-09-05 |title=UNAA Convention was disorganised! |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/news/1141390/unaa-convention-disorganised |access-date=2026-02-18 |publisher=New Vision (Kampala)}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano 2011, mu kiseera ky'okwekalakaasa okwali mu kibangirizi kya Tahrir([[:en:Tahrir_Square_protests|Tahrir Square protests]]) mu kibuga [[:en:Cairo|Cairo]], Misiri, Mamdani yayitibwa okwogerako mu [[:en:American_University_of_Cairo|Yunivasite y’Amerika e Cairo]]. Ng’ayogera eri abayizi mu [[:en:University_of_KwaZulu-Natal|yunivasite y’e KwaZulu-Natal]] mu South Africa mu 2012, kino yakigeraageranya n’obwegugungo obwaliwo mu Soweto ([[:en:1976_Soweto_uprising|Soweto Uprising]]) mu 1976 . <ref name="kwazulu2012">{{Cite web |date=24 April 2012 |title=Address on Receiving an Honorary Doctorate at the University of Kwazulu Natal |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/mesaas/images/faculty/news/Mamdani%20commencement.pdf |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumi 2011, Mamdani (nga bali wamu ne Rhoda Ann Kanaaneh) y'eyali omwogezi omukulu mu lukungaana lw’eggwanga olwasooka olw’abayizi olwa [[:en:Students_for_Justice_in_Palestine|Students for Justice in Palestine]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Silver |first=Carly |date=2011-10-16 |title=Reporting live from the first-ever SJP National Conference |url=https://newvoices.org/2011/10/15/reporting-live-from-the-first-ever-sjp-national-conference/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=New Voices |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nathan-Kazis |first=Josh |date=2011-10-11 |title=Pro-Palestinian Student Activists Plan First National Conference |url=https://forward.com/news/144173/pro-palestinian-student-activists-plan-push/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=The Forward |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2017 yayitibwa okuwa omusomo ku lunaku lwa [[:en:TB_Davie_Memorial_Lecture|TB Davie Memorial]] ku ddembe ly'okusoma mu Yunivasite y'e Cape Town, era emboozi ye, eyatuumibwa "Decolonising the Post-Colonial University" yaleetawo okukubaganya ebirowoozo kungi. <ref name="uwn20183">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="davis20172">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> Okuva mu Gwekkumineebiri 2017 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2018, Mamdani yaweereza nga Rajni Kothari Chair Professor mu [[:en:Centre_for_the_Study_of_Developing_Societies|Center for the Study of Developing Societies]] mu [[:en:Delhi|Delhi,]] Buyindi. Oluvannyuma lw'ekisanja kye okuggwako, nga 4 Ogwokuna 2018 yawa omusomo gwa Rajni Kothari Chair ogutegekebwa buli mwaka, ogwatuumibwa "Okulowooza ku bwenkanya okuyita mu bumanyirivu bw'Afirika mu kyasa eky'amakumi abiri". <ref name="csds2">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Alabikidde mu firimu z’ebyafaayo ng’omukugu okugeza, ''[[:en:Rwanda:_The_Untold_Story|Rwanda: The Untold Story]]'' (2014, [[:en:BBC|BBC]] ), ''The Dictator’s Playbook'' (2018, [[:en:PBS|PBS]] ) ne ''[[:en:How_to_Become_a_Tyrant|How to Become a Tyrant]]'' (2021, [[:en:Netflix|Netflix]]). <ref>{{Cite AV media|url=https://www.pbs.org/video/idi-amin-3ol3rz/|title=The Dictator's Playbook {{!}} Idi Amin {{!}} Episode 6|language=en|publisher=[[PBS]]|via=}}</ref> Yalabikira mu firimu ya [[:en:Cameo_appearance|cameo]] ,mu firimu ya 2012 ''eya [[:en:The_Reluctant_Fundamentalist_(film)|The Reluctant Fundamentalist]]'', eyakulemberwamu mukyala we. <ref>{{Cite AV media|title=[[The Reluctant Fundamentalist]]|date=2012|last=Nair|first=Mira|publisher=[[IFC Films]]}}</ref> Mu 2024, yeegatta ku [[:en:Gaza_tribunal|Gaza Tribunal]], eyagenderera "okuzuukusa ebibiina by'obwannakyewa ku buvunaanyizibwa bwabyo n'okukomya ekittabantu kya Yisirayiri mu Gaza." <ref>{{Cite web |title=Home |url=https://gazatribunal.com/ |access-date=2025-12-07 |website=Gaza Tribunal |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title='Gaza Tribunal' established in London to seek justice for war crimes in Gaza |url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/europe/-gaza-tribunal-established-in-london-to-seek-justice-for-war-crimes-in-gaza/3383887 |access-date=2026-01-07 |website=www.aa.com.tr}}</ref> == Okusiimibwa == Mu 2008, mu kunoonyereza okwakolebwa ku mutimbagano mu lwatu, Mamdani yalondebwa ng'owomwenda ku bantu abagezi abasinga mu nsi yonna ku lukalala lw'abagezigezi 100 okuva mu ''[[:en:Prospect_(magazine)|Prospect Magazine]]'' (UK) ne ''[[:en:Foreign_Policy|Foreign Policy]]'' (US). <ref>{{Cite web |date=2008 |title=The 2008 List |url=http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/prospect-100-intellectuals/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090930143349/http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/prospect-100-intellectuals/ |archive-date=30 September 2009 |publisher=[[Prospect (magazine)|Prospect Magazine]] (UK) / [[Foreign Policy]] (US)}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |date=2008 |title=The World's Top 20 Public Intellectuals |journal=Foreign Policy |publisher=Slate Group, LLC |issue=167 |pages=54–57 |issn=0015-7228 |eissn=1945-2276 |jstor=25462318}}</ref> Mu Gwomusanvu 2017, Mamdani yalondebwa okubeera [[:en:Corresponding_Fellow_of_the_British_Academy|Omukwanaganya wa British Academy (FBA)]], ettendekero ly’eggwanga erya Bungereza erikola ku by’obuntubulamu ne ssaayansi w’embeera z’abantu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 July 2017 |title=Elections to the British Academy celebrate the diversity of UK research |url=http://www.britac.ac.uk/news/elections-british-academy-celebrate-diversity-uk-research |access-date=29 July 2017 |website=British Academy}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano nga 28, 2018 ( [[:en:Africa_Day|Africa Day]] ), Mamdani yalondebwa okuba pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa mu Center for African Studies mu Yunivasite y’e Cape Town. Dayirekita wa CAS [[:en:Lungisile_Ntsebeza|Lungisile Ntsebeza]], okulondebwa kuno yakuyita kwa "byafaayo mu bitongole", era nga kikulu mu nteekateeka y'okufuna obwetwaze bwa yunivasite m okuva mu kwekalakaasa kw'abayizi okwa " [[:en:Rhodes_Must_Fall|Rhodes Must Fall]] " mu Gwokusatu 2015. Abakulembeze b'abayizi bangi baali balaze obukulu bwa Ssikaala ya Mamdani, era okusinziira ku kino, UCT yandibadde ekola enkyukakyuka ez'omuggundu ku ntegeka y'ensoma. <ref name="uwn20184">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="cas20183">{{Cite web|title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT|website=Centre for African Studies, UCT|date=28 May 2018|url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-date=7 November 2025|url-status=live|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Prof Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/contacts/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041546/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/contacts/mahmood-mamdani |archive-date=4 Oct 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Faculty of Humanities}}</ref> === Engule n’okusunsulwa === * 1997: [[:en:Herskovits_Prize|Herskovits Prize]] for ''[[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]''<ref name="cas20184">{{cite web |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT|website=Centre for African Studies, UCT|date=28 May 2018|url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-date=7 November 2025|url-status=live|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> * 1999: [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|University of Cape Town]] Book Award for ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism''<ref>{{cite web |title=UCT Book Award |url=https://www.uct.ac.za/about/honours/bookaward/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130404065845/http://www.uct.ac.za/about/honours/bookaward/ |archive-date=4 April 2013 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[University of Cape Town]]}}</ref> * 2009: GDS Eminent Scholar Award from the [[:en:International_Studies_Association|International Studies Association]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=GDS Eminent Scholar Award Past Recipients |url=https://www.isanet.org/Programs/Awards/GDS-Eminent-Scholar/Past-Recipients |access-date=16 January 2019 |website=www.isanet.org}}</ref> * 2011: [[:en:H._F._Lenfest|Lenfest]] Distinguished Faculty Award<ref>{{cite web |date=15 April 2011 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani Recognized with Lenfest Award |url=http://www.sipa.columbia.edu/news_events/announcements/MahmoodMamdaniFacultyAward04152011.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121221034143/http://sipa.columbia.edu/news_events/announcements/MahmoodMamdaniFacultyAward04152011.html |archive-date=21 December 2012 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[School of International and Public Affairs, Columbia University]]}}</ref> * 2012: Scholar of the Year at the 2nd Annual African Diaspora Awards for his immense contribution to African Scholarship<ref>{{cite web |date=19 November 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani Is To Be Honored As "Scholar of the Year" At The Annual African Diaspora Awards NYC |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/news/prof-mamdani-be-honored-scholar-year-annual-african-diaspora-awards-nyc |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University|MISR]]}}</ref> * 2012: Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012<ref name="diaspora2">{{cite web |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora|title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012|date=29 November 2012|publisher=ugandandiaspora.com|access-date=21 March 2013|archive-date=1 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora|url-status=dead}}</ref> * 2021: ''[[:en:Neither_Settler_Nor_Native:_The_Making_and_Unmaking_of_Permanent_Minorities|Neither Settler Nor Native: The Making and Unmaking of Permanent Minorities]]'' (2020), shortlisted for the [[:en:British_Academy_Book_Prize_for_Global_Cultural_Understanding|British Academy Book Prize for Global Cultural Understanding]], and as "World History Finalist" by Association of American Publishers Awards for Professional and Scholarly Excellence ([[:en:PROSE_Awards|PROSE Awards]])<ref name="bio23">{{cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani|website=Department of Anthropology|url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> === Diguli ez’ekitiibwa === * 25 Ogwokutaano 2010: [[:en:University_of_Johannesburg|University of Johannesburg]], [[:en:DLitt|DLitt]] ([[:en:Honoris_Causa|Honoris Causa]])<ref>{{cite web |date=May 2010 |title=Mahmood Mamdani conferred with an honorary doctorate |url=http://www.uj.ac.za/EN/Newsroom/News/Pages/MahmoodMamdaniconferredwithanhonorarydoctorate201006222.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130421210222/http://www.uj.ac.za/EN/Newsroom/News/Pages/MahmoodMamdaniconferredwithanhonorarydoctorate201006222.aspx |archive-date=21 April 2013 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[University of Johannesburg]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=25 May 2010 |title=Speech delivered by Professor Prof Mahmood Mamdani at the University of Johannesburg, South Africa |url=http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech-2.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501065506/http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech-2.pdf |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[CODESRIA]]}}</ref> * 24 Ogwomusanvu 2010: [[:en:Addis_Ababa_University|Addis Ababa University]], DLitt (Honoris Causa)<ref>{{cite web |date=24 July 2010 |title=Remarks on receipt of Honorary Doctorate at Addis Ababa University |url=http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech_2-2.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501065507/http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech_2-2.pdf |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[CODESRIA]]}}</ref> * 24 Ogwokuna 2012: [[:en:University_of_KwaZulu-Natal|University of KwaZulu-Natal]], DLitt (Honoris Causa)<ref>{{cite web |date=12 April 2012 |title=Media Statement: UKZN To honour leading South Africans and women graduates excel |url=http://www.ukzn.ac.za/docs/media-releases/graduation-2012.docx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305015502/http://www.ukzn.ac.za/docs/media-releases/graduation-2012.docx |archive-date=5 March 2016 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[University of KwaZulu-Natal]] |format=[[MS Word]]}}</ref><ref name="kwazulu20122">{{cite web |date=24 April 2012 |title=Address on Receiving an Honorary Doctorate at the University of Kwazulu Natal |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/mesaas/images/faculty/news/Mamdani%20commencement.pdf |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> == Obulamu bwe ng'omuntu == Mamdani yawasa [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]], dayirekita wa firimu era pulodyusa Omuyindi ng’abeera mu Amerika, mu 1991. Baasooka kusisinkana mu [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, n’oluvannyuma ne baddamu mu Kampala, Uganda, mu 1989 Nair bwe yali akola okunoonyereza ku firimu ye, ''[[Mississippi Masala]]'' . <ref name="lahr2002">{{cite interview|first=Mira|last=Nair|interviewer-last=Lahr|interviewer-first=John|title=Whirlwind|website=[[The New Yorker]]|date=2 December 2002|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|url-access=subscription|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141022030926/http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|archive-date=22 October 2014|url-status=live|quote=Published in the print edition of the December 9, 2002, issue.}}</ref> <ref name="indian tele2">{{Cite web|url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp|url-status=dead|archive-date=2 February 2009|title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly|last=Sen|first=Manjula|date=25 January 2009|access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref>Baagattibwa mu 1991. Mu 2025 Mamdani ne Nair babeera mu kitundu kya [[:en:Morningside_Heights|Morningside Heights]] mu [[:en:Manhattan|Manhattan]], okumpi ne Yunivaasite y'e Columbia. <ref name="haag20252">{{Cite web|last=Haag|first=Matthew|last2=Goldberg|first2=Emma|title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics|website=[[The New York Times]]|date=27 June 2025|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html|archive-date=7 October 2025|url-status=live|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news}}</ref> Omwana wa Mamdani ne Nair omu yekka, [[Zohran Mamdani]], yazaalibwa mu Kampala mu 1991. Mu 1996 famire ye yasengukira e [[:en:Cape_Town|Cape Town]], South Africa, Mamdani okutwala omulimu gw’okukulira enteekateeka y’okusoma eby'Afirika mu Yunivasite y’e Cape Town, era n’abeerayo okumala emyaka nga esatu. <ref name="lahr20022">{{cite interview|first=Mira|last=Nair|interviewer-last=Lahr|interviewer-first=John|title=Whirlwind|website=[[The New Yorker]]|date=2 December 2002|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|url-access=subscription|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141022030926/http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|archive-date=22 October 2014|url-status=live|quote=Published in the print edition of the December 9, 2002, issue.}}</ref> Nga mu mwaka gwa 1999 baagenda mu Amerika ne basenga mu New York. <ref name="lahr20023">{{cite interview|first=Mira|last=Nair|interviewer-last=Lahr|interviewer-first=John|title=Whirlwind|website=[[The New Yorker]]|date=2 December 2002|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|url-access=subscription|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141022030926/http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|archive-date=22 October 2014|url-status=live|quote=Published in the print edition of the December 9, 2002, issue.}}</ref> Zohran yafuuka munnabyabufuzi era abadde [[:en:Mayor_of_New_York_City|Meeya w'ekibuga New York]] okuva nga 1 Ogwoluberyeberye 2026, ng'abadde mmemba [[:en:New_York_State_Assembly|w'olukiiko olukulu olw'essaza ly'e New York]] okuva mu 2021 okutuuka mu 2025. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kitunzi |first=Yahudu |date=June 7, 2025 |title=Mamdani's mayoral goal puts Uganda on the map |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/mamdani-s-mayoral-goal-puts-uganda-on-the-map-5072356 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250609023734/https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/mamdani-s-mayoral-goal-puts-uganda-on-the-map-5072356 |archive-date=June 9, 2025 |access-date=June 7, 2025 |website=[[Daily Monitor|Monitor]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Muhumuza |first=Rodney |date=3 November 2025 |title=In Uganda, where Zohran Mamdani was born, NYC mayoral hopeful is recalled with pride |url=https://apnews.com/article/uganda-zohran-mamdani-mayor-election-new-york-d41260eeef2438498a3aa04118fbd2df |access-date=5 November 2025 |website=[[AP News]] |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news}}</ref> Kampeyini ze ez'obwameeya zawagirwa bazadde be. <ref name="haag20253">{{Cite web|last=Haag|first=Matthew|last2=Goldberg|first2=Emma|title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics|website=[[The New York Times]]|date=27 June 2025|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html|archive-date=7 October 2025|url-status=live|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] k04kctf8e7usukv3l83bzo8prq54gmr 48721 48716 2026-05-03T10:53:36Z Charles Kalanzi 9748 48721 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mahmood Mamdani''' [ a ] FBA (yazaalibwa 23 Ogwokuna 1946) munnayuganda [[:en:Anthropologist|omukugu mu by'enkula y'abantu]], munnaby'anjigiriza, era omukugu mu by'obufuzi. Ye Herbert Lehman Pulofeesa wa Gavumenti era pulofeesa w’ensonga z'ekikula ky'abantu, [[:en:Political_science|ssaayansi w’ebyobufuzi]], n’okunoonyereza [[:en:African_studies|ku nsoma y'Afirika]] mu [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]] . Era akola nga Ccansala wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda, era nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa ku Center for African Studis mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y'e Cape Town]] . Emabegako yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole kya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. Mamdani mukugu mu kusoma ebyobufuzi bya Afrika n’ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw’amatwale]] n’oluvannyuma [[:en:Postcolonialism|lw'obufuzi bw’amatwale]], n’ebyobufuzi [[:en:Knowledge_economy|by’ebyenfuna]] . Mufumbo nga mukazi we ye [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]] omuzannyi wa firimu . Ye ne Nair be bazadde ba [[:en:New_York_City_Mayor|Meeya w'ekibuga New York]] [[Zohran Mamdani]] . == Obuto bwe n’okusoma == Mahmood Mamdani yazaalibwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1946 mu [[:en:Bombay|kibuga Bombay]] (kati Mumbai), Buyindi, ng’ebula omwaka gumu [[:en:British_Raj|enfuga ya Bungereza]] ekome. <ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/education/news/mahmood-mamdani-education-and-career-path-how-zohran-mamdanis-father-built-a-legacy-of-revolution-through-ideas-and-exile/articleshow/122064130.cms "Mahmood Mamdani education and career path: How Zohran Mamdani's father built a legacy of revolution through ideas and exile"]. ''The Times of India''. 25 June 2025. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN&nbsp;]][https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-8257 0971-825]7. Retrieved 13 July 2025.</ref> <ref name="codesria">{{Cite web |title=Pr. Mahmood Mamdani (1998-2002) |url=https://codesria.org/pr-mahmood-mamdani-1998-2002/ |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> Yakulira mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=23 February 2021 |title=Mahmood Mamdani on Uganda |url=https://africasacountry.com/2011/04/mamdani-on-uganda |website=Africa is a Country}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Permanent Minorities and the Politics of Survivors: A conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://worldpeacefoundation.org/blog/permanent-minorities-and-the-politics-of-survivors-a-conversation-with-mahmood-mamdani/ |website=World Peace Foundation}}</ref> ng'omu ku [[:en:Indian_diaspora_in_Southeast_Africa|Bayindi ababundabunda mu bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba bwa Afrika]] . Bazadde be bombi, [[:en:Gujarati_Muslim|basiraamu Abagujarati]], baazaalibwa era ne bakulira mu kitundu kya Bungereza eky'amatwale ki [[:en:Tanganyika_Territory|Tanganyika]] (leero Tanzania). Abafumbo bano baagenda e Bombay olwo kitaawe n’asomerayo mu ttendekero ekkulu. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Chen |first=Kuan-Hsing |last2=Gao |first2=Shiming |last3=Tang |first3=Xiaolin |date=2016 |title=The formation of an African intellectual: an interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |journal=Inter-Asia Cultural Studies |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=456–480 |doi=10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref>Muhoozi, Mourice (6 March 2022). [https://www.watchdoguganda.com/news/20220306/131449/meet-ugandas-most-iconic-academician-prof-mahmood-mamdani.html "Meet Uganda's most Iconic academician, Prof. Mahmood Mamdani"]. ''Watchdog Uganda''</ref> Famire yaddayo e [[:en:Dar_es_Salaam|Dar es Salaam]], Tanganyika, nga Mamdani wa myaka ebiri, ne bagenda e Uganda nga wa myaka etaano oba mukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Mu kiseera ekyo, Uganda yali yayawulwamu okusinziira ku mawanga, omuli abantu gye babeera, amasomero, emizikiti, n’ebifo abaana we bazannyira. Okusoma kwe mu pulayimale, Mamdani yasooka kugenda mu [[:en:Madrasa|madarasa]], n’oluvannyuma mu Government Indian Primary School. <ref name=":8"/> Yakula ng'ayogera [[:en:Gujarati_language|Olugujarati]], [[:en:Urdu|Oluurdu]] [[:en:Swahili_language|n'Oluswayiri]] . Yatandika okusoma Olungereza mu kibiina eky’omukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Oluvannyuma lw’okusoma siniya ey’awansi, yasomera ku Old Kampala Senior Secondary School, gye yali omuwandiisi w’ekibiina kya Do-it-Yourself Physics. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uganda: Buganda And Uganda At Crossroads |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090826030635/http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |archive-date=26 August 2009 |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=AllAfrica}}</ref> Mamdani yali omu ku bayizi Bannayuganda 23 abaali mu kibiina kya [[:en:The_Kennedy_Airlift|Kennedy Airlift]] mu 1963, enteekateeka ya sikaala eyaweebwa ssente okuva mu Amerika eyaleetera ebikumi n’ebikumi by'abayizi okuva mu [[:en:East_Africa|Buvanjuba bwa Afrika]] okusomera ku yunivasite mu Amerika ne Canada wakati wa 1959 ne 1963. <ref name="indian tele">{{Cite web |last=Sen |first=Manjula |date=25 January 2009 |title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |archive-date=2 February 2009 |access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref> Mamdani yatikkirwa diguli ya Bachelor of Arts okuva mu [[:en:University_of_Pittsburgh|Yunivasite y’e Pittsburgh]] <ref name="codesria"/> mu 1967. <ref>{{Cite book |date=1 January 2010 |title=International Encyclopedia of Civil Society |url=https://link.springer.com/referencework/10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |vauthors=((Anheier, H. K.)), ((Toepler, S.)) |publisher=Springer US |isbn=978-0-387-93994-0 |editor-last=Anheier |editor-first=Helmut K. |doi=10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |editor-last2=Toepler |editor-first2=Stefan}}</ref> Yali omu ku bayizi abangi mu bukiikakkono bwa Amerika abaali mu lugendo lwa bbaasi mu bukiikaddyo okutuuka e [[:en:Montgomery,_Alabama|Montgomery, Alabama]], olwategekebwa [[:en:Student_Nonviolent_Coordinating_Committee|akakiiko akakwasaganya abayizi abatali ba ffujjo]] mu Gwokusatu 1965 okwetaba mu kaweefube w'okulwanirira [[:en:Civil_rights_movement|eddembe ly’obuntu]] . Kino kyaliwo mu kiseera ky’okutambula okuva e [[:en:Selma_to_Montgomery_marches|Selma okutuuka e Montgomery]], naye nga kyo kya njawulo. Yasibibwa mu kkomera mu kutambula kuno era n’akkirizibwa okukuba essimu. Mamdani yakubira [[:en:Embassy_of_Uganda,_Washington,_D.C.|omubaka wa Uganda]] e [[:en:Washington,_DC|Washington, DC]], amuyambe. Omubaka yamubuuza lwaki "ayingirira ensonga z'omunda mu nsi engwira", n'amuddamu nti teyali nsonga ya munda wabula olutalo lw'eddembe era nti nabo eddembe lyabwe baali bakalifuna omwaka ogwakaggwa. <ref name="pambazuka">{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=28 April 2007 |title=The Asian question again: A reflection |url=http://www.pambazuka.org/en/category/comment/41273 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]] (Uganda) |via=pambazuka.org}}</ref> Amangu ddala nga wayiseewo akaseera katono, Mamdani yategeera ku mulimu gwa [[:en:Karl_Marx|Karl Marx]] okuva mu kukyala kwe ku FBI. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Shringarpure |first=Bhakti |author-link=Bhakti Shringarpure |date=15 July 2013 |title=In Conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.warscapes.com/conversations/conversation-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=6 November 2017 |website=Warscapes |language=en |quote=I thought the guy Marx had just died. […] So that was my introduction to Karl Marx.}}</ref> Yasomera ku [[:en:Fletcher_School_of_Law_and_Diplomacy|Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy]] mu [[:en:Tufts_University|Yunivasite ya Tufts]] era mu 1968 yatikkirwa diguli ya Master of Arts mu [[:en:Political_science|byobufuzi]] ne Master of Arts mu mateeka ne diplomacy mu 1969. Yafuna diguli ye [[:en:Doctor_of_philosophy|eyookusatu]] mu gavumenti okuva mu [[:en:Harvard_University|Yunivasite y'e Harvard]] mu 1974, wansi w’obulagirizi bwa [[:en:Karl_Deutsch|Karl Deutsch]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and class formation in Uganda |url=http://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=978-0-85345-378-9 |location=New York |via=Internet Archive}}</ref> Omulamwa kw'eyatambuliza ddiguli ye eyookusatu yagiwa omutwe "''Politics and Class Formation in Uganda."'' <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and Class Formation in Uganda |url=https://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=0-85345-378-0 |location=New York |oclc=2073894 |url-access=registration}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Allen |first=Judith Van |last2=Mamdani |first2=Mahmood |last3=Shivji |first3=Issa G. |date=November 1977 |title=Reviewed Works: Politics and Class Formation in Uganda. by Mahmood Mamdani; Class Struggles in Tanzania. by Issa G. Shivji |journal=Contemporary Sociology |publisher=American Sociological Association |volume=6 |issue=6 |pages=702 |doi=10.2307/2066367 |issn=0094-3061 |eissn=1939-8638 |jstor=2066367}}</ref> == Emirimu gye == Mamdani yakomawo mu Uganda ku ntandikwa ya 1972 era naweebwa omulimu ku [[Makerere University, Uganda|yunivasite y'e Makerere]] mu Kampala [[:en:Teaching_assistant|ng'ayambako omusomesa]], mu kiseera kye kimu yali akola ku kunoonyereza kwe okwa ddiguli eyookusatu. . Ye n’Abaasia abasinga obungi [[:en:Expulsion_of_Asians_from_Uganda|baagobebwa]] mu Uganda ku nkomerero y’omwaka ogwo [[Idi Amin]] olw’amawanga gaabwe; Amin yali agenderera "kuzzaawo" bizinensi n'ebintu. Mamdani yava mu Uganda n’agenda mu nkambi y’ababundabunda mu Bungereza ku ntandikwa y'omwezi Gwekkuminoogumu. <ref name="lrb2022">{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2022-10-06 |title=The Asian Question |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v44/n19/mahmood-mamdani/the-asian-question |journal=[[London Review of Books]] |language=en |volume=44 |issue=19 |issn=0260-9592 |access-date=2025-09-08}}</ref> Yava e Bungereza mu makkati ga 1973 oluvannyuma lw’okuyingizibwa mu [[:en:University_of_Dar_es_Salaam|Yunivasite y’e Dar es Salaam]] mu Tanzania. <ref name="pambazuka"/> <ref name="cas2018">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> <ref name="bio2">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> Mu Dar es Salaam, yamaliriza okuwandiika dissertation ye. Yali mujjumbize nnyo n’ebibiina ebiwakanya Amin. Mu 1979, yeetaba mu Ttabamiruka w’e Moshi ng’omutunuulizi. Yaddayo mu Uganda oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa ku bukulembeze oluvannyuma lw'olutalo lwa [[Olutalo lwa Uganda ne Tanzania|Uganda ne Tanzania]] mu 1979. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McCormack |first=Pete |date=17 October 2005 |title=Interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.petemccormack.com/interview_mamdani_001.htm |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=petemccormack.com}}</ref> <ref name="bio2" /> Mu kiseera kino, yakozesebwa ng'omutendeke mu kibiina kya [[:en:All_Africa_Conference_of_Churches|All Africa Conference of Churches]], omukago [[:en:Ecumenical_Christian|gw'Abakristaayo ogw'ensi yonna]] ogusangibwa e [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, ng'akolera mu ofiisi [[:en:Church_of_Uganda|y'Ekkanisa ya Uganda]] mu Kampala. <ref name="lrb2022"/> Okuva mu 1980 (oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa mu ntebe mu 1979) okutuuka mu 1993 yaddamu okukolera yunivasite y’e Makerere. <ref name="bio2"/> <ref name="lrb2022"/>​[[Milton Obote|​]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kagolo |first=Francis |date=8 February 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani to be honoured among Africa's best |url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/628869-prof-mamdani-to-be-honoured-among-africa-s-best.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]]}}</ref> Yaddayo e Dar es Salaam. Oluvannyuma lwa Obote okugobwa mu ntebe omulundi ogwokubiri, Mamdani yaddamu okudda mu Uganda mu Gwomukaaga 1986. <ref name="indian tele"/> Yali dayirekita eyatandikawo ekitongole kya Centre for Basic Research (CBR), ekitongole kya Uganda ekitali kya gavumenti ekyasooka mu kunoonyereza, mwe yaweereza okuva mu 1987 okutuuka mu 1996. <ref name="diaspora">{{Cite web |date=29 November 2012 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012 |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=ugandandiaspora.com}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> <ref name="csds">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Yaliko pulofeesa omugenyi ku [[:en:University_of_Durban-Westville|Yunivasite y’e Durban]] - [[:en:Westville,_KwaZulu-Natal|Westville]] mu South Africa (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka mu Gwomukaaga 1993), ku [[:en:Nehru_Memorial_Museum_&_Library|Nehru Memorial Museum & Library]] e New Delhi (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka Gwomukaaga 1995), ne mu [[:en:Princeton_University|Yunivasite y'e Princeton]] (1995–96). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vance |first=Dara |date=2015-11-20 |title=UK Committee on Social Theory Hosts Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://uknow.uky.edu/uk-happenings/uk-committee-social-theory-hosts-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=UKNow}}</ref> Mu 1996, yalondebwa okubeera omukulembeze w’entebe ya [[:en:Archibald_Campbell_Jordan|AC Jordan]] ey'ensoma y'Afirika mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y’e Cape Town]], <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 March 2011 |title=UCT in war over 'bantu education' |url=http://mg.co.za/article/2011-03-11-uct-in-war-over-bantu-education |access-date=22 March 2013}}</ref> era ku ntandikwa ya 1997 n’afuuka akulira [[:en:Centre_for_African_Studies|ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku by'ensoma y'Afirika]] (CAS). <ref name="uwn2018">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> Yavaawo oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obutakkaanya n'abasomesa (abasinga obungi abazungu) ku bbago ly'ensoma ye ey'omusomo ogw'omusingi ku Afrika oguyitibwa "Problematising Africa". <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=June 1, 1998 |title=Is African studies to be turned into a new home for Bantu education at UCT? |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/02533959808458649 |journal=Social Dynamics |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=63–75 |doi=10.1080/02533959808458649 |issn=0253-3952 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> Mamdani, eyalaga nti ensoma eriwo eya " [[:en:Bantu_Education_Act,_1953|Bantu studies]] " (mu kujjuliza ku kusomesa Abaddugavu wansi w'enfuga [[:en:Apartheid|y'obusosoze]] ) <ref name="cas2018" /> yayimirizibwa era okukkakkana ng'alekulidde. <ref name="davis2017">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> "Ensonga ya Mamdani" ekyayogerwako mu kukubaganya ebirowoozo ku [[:en:Decolonization_of_higher_education_in_South_Africa|kununula amatendekero aga waggulu okuva mu nsoma y'abamatwale]] . Oluvannyuma yagamba nti teyalina busungu ku muntu yenna, era yalina enkolagana ennungi ekiseera kye yamalayo. Yagamba nti obutakwatagana bwali ku njawulo mu ndowooza n'addala ensengeka y’ensoma ku bikwata ku kusoma South Africa ng’ensi ya Afrika. Oluvannyuma (2018) yakomezebwawo nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa asuutibwa. [ b ] <ref name="uwn2018" /> Mu 1999, Mamdani yalondebwa okuba dayirekita w’ekitongole ekikola ku by’okunoonyereza ku Afirika mu yunivasite ya Columbia, ekifo kye yalina okutuusa mu 2004. <ref name="uwn2018"/> Okuva olwo abadde asomesa eyo (nga 2025). <ref name="haag2025">{{Cite web |last=Haag |first=Matthew |last2=Goldberg |first2=Emma |date=27 June 2025 |title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |archive-date=7 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku mbeera z’abantu ekya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=18 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University]] |archive-date=2 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002055113/http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Agaba |first=John |title=Mamdani talks about his research legacy and work at Makerere |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20220329112608625 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="bio2"/> Okutuuka mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2025 [[:en:Columbia_University#Academics|pulofeesa wa Herbert Lehman mu Gavumenti]] era pulofeesa ku nkula y'abantu, okusoma saayansi w'ebyobufuzi [[:en:African_studies|n'okusoma ku Afirika]] ku [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]].<ref name="bio2" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Faculty Bio: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/anthropology/fac-bios/mamdani/faculty.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Era akola nga chancellor wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://kiu.ac.ug/news-page.php?i=press-release-kampala-international-university-kiu-appoints-prof-mahmood-mamdani-as-chancellor |access-date=24 August 2020 |publisher=[[Kampala International University]]}}</ref> == Okunoonyereza n'okuwandiika == Mamdani yeemalira mu kunoonyereza ku byobufuzi bya Afirika n'eby'ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw'amatwale]] [[:en:Postcolonialism|n'oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale]], n'ebyobufuzi by'ebyenfuna. Ebitabo bye byekenneenya enkolagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'ebyobuwangwa, okugeraageranya [[:en:Colonialism|okufugibwa kw'amatwale]] okuva mu 1452, ebyafaayo by'entalo z'omunda [[:en:Genocide|n'ekitta bantu]] mu Afirika, [[:en:Cold_War|Olutalo olw'Ensi Yonna olw'ebigambo]] [[:en:War_on_terror|n'olutalo ku butujju]], n'ebyafaayo by'eddembe ly'obuntu.<ref>vSneh, Itai Nartzizenfield (2008). [https://books.google.com/books?id=iax4AAAAMAAJ ''The Future Almost Arrived: How Jimmy Carter Failed to Change U.S. Foreign Policy''.] [[:en:Peter_Lang_(publishing_company)|Peter Lang]]. p. 169. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780820481852|9780820481852]]</bdi>.</ref> Okunoonyereza kwe okw'omwaka 2016 kwatandikira ku kitabo kye eky'omwaka 1996, [[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]. <ref>[http://polisci.columbia.edu/people/profile/96 "Mahmood Mamdani | Department of Political Science"]. ''polisci.columbia.edu''. Retrieved 21 January 2016.</ref>Mu kitabo ekyo, yagamba nti eggwanga eryafugibwa terisobola kutegeerwa nga tewekenenyeza bulungi eggwanga eryalifuga.Enkola y'obufuzi bw'amatwale mu Afirika yali eddamu okusoomoozebwa kw'ekibuuzo "ekikulu", era yagamba nti yafuuka "amawanga agaabuluziddwamu".<ref name=":0">Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. pp. 15–16. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|<bdi>9780852553992</bdi>.]]</ref>Kino kyali kikolebwa mu ngeri bbiri: ku ludda olumu nga bafuga butereevu, nga kino kyali kikolwa kya "buyinza" era nga kyali kigenderera okuggya abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo ku ddembe ly'obuntu eryali liweebwa abatuuze mu bitundu ebirala, ate ku ludda olulala nga bafuga mu ngeri etali y'abuteerevu, nga kino kyali kikolebwa mu byalo era nga kizingiramu okuyingiza "bannansi" mu "mateeka g'eggwanga" agaateekebwawo ab'obuyinza mu byalo, era nga kino yakiyita "obwannakyemalira obw'okugabanya obuyinza".<ref name=":0" /> Embeera eno yali "yakusika muguwa" era ng'erimu "engeri bbiri ez'obuyinza wansi w'obuyinza obumu".<ref name=":0" /> Oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale, ebibuga byali tebikyayawulamu bantu lwa langi naye ebyalo byali bikyafugibwa abakulembeze abaali mu nkwawa z'abafuzi b'amatwale, ka babe abakulembeze ab'ennono oba b'ebali bakwasizzaobuyinza nga balina ebiruubirirwa by'okufugisa omukono ogw'ekyuma.<ref>Clapham, Chris (1997). "Review: Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism by Mahmood Mamdani'". ''Royal Institute of International Affairs''. '''73''': 606.</ref>Mu ngeri eno obukulembeze bwonna bwaleeta enjawukana mu mawnga era n'ekutondawo obukulembeze bwabwe obw'enjawulo obwannakyemalira.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref> Mamdani yekennenya ebyafaayo mu South Africa ne Uganda okulaga nti obufuzi bw'amatwale bwakozesa obuyinza obuyitiridde era obuyinza obwo bweyongera okubaawo oluvannyuma lw'ameefuga.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. p. 37. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref>Ng’asomooza endowooza eza bulijjo ku busosoze mu South Afrika nga ez’enjawulo, agamba nti [[:en:Apartheid|obusosoze mu mawanga]] bwali ngeri ya bulijjo ey’ettwale lya Bulaaya mu Africa, nga lizingiramu ensonga [[:en:Indirect_rule|z’obufuzi obutali butereevu]] n’okukwatagana<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1 January 1996 |title=Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism |isbn=9780852553992 |pages=16–18}}</ref> Mu kitabo kye ekyafulumizibwa mu 2004 ekya ''Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: America, the Cold War, and the Roots of Terror'' Mamdani yagamba nti [[:en:Suicide_attack|abeetuze]] balina okumanyibwa "ng'ekika ky'omujaasi" era nti balina "okutegeerwa mu ngeri y'effujjo ly'ebyobufuzi ery'omulembe guno okusinga okuvumwavumwa ng'akabonero k'obukambwe". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bickerton |first=James |date=2025-07-11 |title=Zohran Mamdani's father's remark about suicide bombers comes under scrutiny |url=https://www.newsweek.com/zohran-mamdani-father-remark-about-suicide-bombers-comes-under-scrutiny-2097793 |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref> Omuyivu omu yagamba nti kino si kuwagira kwettisa bbomu wabula kwekenneenya okwanenya '"okusalawo kwa Amerika ku nkola y'ensonga z'ebweru naddala mu kiseera ky'olutalo olw'ebigambo", okutondawo embeera [[:en:Islamic_extremism|y'Obusiraamu obw'annalukalala]] [[:en:Political_violence|n'effujjo mu byobufuzi]] " mwe byakulaakulanira. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Murray |first=Conor |date=Jul 11, 2025 |title=Mahmood Mamdani's Work Does Not Advocate Violence, Expert Says |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/conormurray/2025/07/11/sequoias-maguire-unfairly-targets-zohran-mamdanis-father-fellow-academic-says/ |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko bye bifulumiddde mu ''[[:en:London_Review_of_Books|London Review of Books]]'' n'ekampuni ezifulumya ebitabo ebirala.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/contributors/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=London Review of Books |language=en-GB}}</ref> Okusinziira ku CAS, ebiwandiiko bya Mamdani "bibadde bikulu mu kusomebwa abayizi abali ku misomo gyabwe egya undergraduate ne Postgraduate ku UCT ssaako n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo ku nsoma y'ebyafaayo n'ebyobufuzi bya Afirika , nga banonyereza ku nkwatagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'obuwangwa, okugerageranya obufuzi bw'amatwale, entalo ez'omunda mu ggwanga n'ekittabantu mu Afirika".<ref name="uwn20182">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> == Emirimu gy'emirala == Okuva mu 1998 <ref name="bio22">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> oba 1999 okutuuka mu 2002, Mamdani yaweereza nga pulezidenti w'olukiiko olukulaakulanya okunoonyereza ku ssaayansi w'embeera z'abantu mu Afrika ([[:en:Council_for_the_Development_of_Social_Science_Research_in_Africa|Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa]]). <ref name="cas20182">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumineebiri 2001, yawa okwogera ku "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" mu lukungaana lwa [[:en:Nobel_Prize|Nobel Centennial Symposium]] e [[:en:Oslo|Oslo]], Norway. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 December 2001 |title=Speech by Dr. Mahmood Mamdani: "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/mediaplayer/index.php?id=1281 |access-date=24 March 2013 |publisher=Nobel Prize}}</ref> Mu Gwomwenda 2006, Mamdani yali omu ku boogezi abaayitibwa mu lukuŋŋaana lw’ekibiina kya [[:en:Ugandan_North_American_Association_(UNAA)|Uganda North American Association (UNAA)]] mu kibuga New York. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2006-09-05 |title=UNAA Convention was disorganised! |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/news/1141390/unaa-convention-disorganised |access-date=2026-02-18 |publisher=New Vision (Kampala)}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano 2011, mu kiseera ky'okwekalakaasa okwali mu kibangirizi kya Tahrir([[:en:Tahrir_Square_protests|Tahrir Square protests]]) mu kibuga [[:en:Cairo|Cairo]], Misiri, Mamdani yayitibwa okwogerako mu [[:en:American_University_of_Cairo|Yunivasite y’Amerika e Cairo]]. Ng’ayogera eri abayizi mu [[:en:University_of_KwaZulu-Natal|yunivasite y’e KwaZulu-Natal]] mu South Africa mu 2012, kino yakigeraageranya n’obwegugungo obwaliwo mu Soweto ([[:en:1976_Soweto_uprising|Soweto Uprising]]) mu 1976 . <ref name="kwazulu2012">{{Cite web |date=24 April 2012 |title=Address on Receiving an Honorary Doctorate at the University of Kwazulu Natal |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/mesaas/images/faculty/news/Mamdani%20commencement.pdf |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumi 2011, Mamdani (nga bali wamu ne Rhoda Ann Kanaaneh) y'eyali omwogezi omukulu mu lukungaana lw’eggwanga olwasooka olw’abayizi olwa [[:en:Students_for_Justice_in_Palestine|Students for Justice in Palestine]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Silver |first=Carly |date=2011-10-16 |title=Reporting live from the first-ever SJP National Conference |url=https://newvoices.org/2011/10/15/reporting-live-from-the-first-ever-sjp-national-conference/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=New Voices |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nathan-Kazis |first=Josh |date=2011-10-11 |title=Pro-Palestinian Student Activists Plan First National Conference |url=https://forward.com/news/144173/pro-palestinian-student-activists-plan-push/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=The Forward |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2017 yayitibwa okuwa omusomo ku lunaku lwa [[:en:TB_Davie_Memorial_Lecture|TB Davie Memorial]] ku ddembe ly'okusoma mu Yunivasite y'e Cape Town, era emboozi ye, eyatuumibwa "Decolonising the Post-Colonial University" yaleetawo okukubaganya ebirowoozo kungi. <ref name="uwn20183">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="davis20172">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> Okuva mu Gwekkumineebiri 2017 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2018, Mamdani yaweereza nga Rajni Kothari Chair Professor mu [[:en:Centre_for_the_Study_of_Developing_Societies|Center for the Study of Developing Societies]] mu [[:en:Delhi|Delhi,]] Buyindi. Oluvannyuma lw'ekisanja kye okuggwako, nga 4 Ogwokuna 2018 yawa omusomo gwa Rajni Kothari Chair ogutegekebwa buli mwaka, ogwatuumibwa "Okulowooza ku bwenkanya okuyita mu bumanyirivu bw'Afirika mu kyasa eky'amakumi abiri". <ref name="csds2">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Alabikidde mu firimu z’ebyafaayo ng’omukugu okugeza, ''[[:en:Rwanda:_The_Untold_Story|Rwanda: The Untold Story]]'' (2014, [[:en:BBC|BBC]] ), ''The Dictator’s Playbook'' (2018, [[:en:PBS|PBS]] ) ne ''[[:en:How_to_Become_a_Tyrant|How to Become a Tyrant]]'' (2021, [[:en:Netflix|Netflix]]). <ref>{{Cite AV media|url=https://www.pbs.org/video/idi-amin-3ol3rz/|title=The Dictator's Playbook {{!}} Idi Amin {{!}} Episode 6|language=en|publisher=[[PBS]]|via=}}</ref> Yalabikira mu firimu ya [[:en:Cameo_appearance|cameo]] ,mu firimu ya 2012 ''eya [[:en:The_Reluctant_Fundamentalist_(film)|The Reluctant Fundamentalist]]'', eyakulemberwamu mukyala we. <ref>{{Cite AV media|title=[[The Reluctant Fundamentalist]]|date=2012|last=Nair|first=Mira|publisher=[[IFC Films]]}}</ref> Mu 2024, yeegatta ku [[:en:Gaza_tribunal|Gaza Tribunal]], eyagenderera "okuzuukusa ebibiina by'obwannakyewa ku buvunaanyizibwa bwabyo n'okukomya ekittabantu kya Yisirayiri mu Gaza." <ref>{{Cite web |title=Home |url=https://gazatribunal.com/ |access-date=2025-12-07 |website=Gaza Tribunal |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title='Gaza Tribunal' established in London to seek justice for war crimes in Gaza |url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/europe/-gaza-tribunal-established-in-london-to-seek-justice-for-war-crimes-in-gaza/3383887 |access-date=2026-01-07 |website=www.aa.com.tr}}</ref> == Okusiimibwa == Mu 2008, mu kunoonyereza okwakolebwa ku mutimbagano mu lwatu, Mamdani yalondebwa ng'owomwenda ku bantu abagezi abasinga mu nsi yonna ku lukalala lw'abagezigezi 100 okuva mu ''[[:en:Prospect_(magazine)|Prospect Magazine]]'' (UK) ne ''[[:en:Foreign_Policy|Foreign Policy]]'' (US). <ref>{{Cite web |date=2008 |title=The 2008 List |url=http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/prospect-100-intellectuals/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090930143349/http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/prospect-100-intellectuals/ |archive-date=30 September 2009 |publisher=[[Prospect (magazine)|Prospect Magazine]] (UK) / [[Foreign Policy]] (US)}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |date=2008 |title=The World's Top 20 Public Intellectuals |journal=Foreign Policy |publisher=Slate Group, LLC |issue=167 |pages=54–57 |issn=0015-7228 |eissn=1945-2276 |jstor=25462318}}</ref> Mu Gwomusanvu 2017, Mamdani yalondebwa okubeera [[:en:Corresponding_Fellow_of_the_British_Academy|Omukwanaganya wa British Academy (FBA)]], ettendekero ly’eggwanga erya Bungereza erikola ku by’obuntubulamu ne ssaayansi w’embeera z’abantu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 July 2017 |title=Elections to the British Academy celebrate the diversity of UK research |url=http://www.britac.ac.uk/news/elections-british-academy-celebrate-diversity-uk-research |access-date=29 July 2017 |website=British Academy}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano nga 28, 2018 ( [[:en:Africa_Day|Africa Day]] ), Mamdani yalondebwa okuba pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa mu Center for African Studies mu Yunivasite y’e Cape Town. Dayirekita wa CAS [[:en:Lungisile_Ntsebeza|Lungisile Ntsebeza]], okulondebwa kuno yakuyita kwa "byafaayo mu bitongole", era nga kikulu mu nteekateeka y'okufuna obwetwaze bwa yunivasite m okuva mu kwekalakaasa kw'abayizi okwa " [[:en:Rhodes_Must_Fall|Rhodes Must Fall]] " mu Gwokusatu 2015. Abakulembeze b'abayizi bangi baali balaze obukulu bwa Ssikaala ya Mamdani, era okusinziira ku kino, UCT yandibadde ekola enkyukakyuka ez'omuggundu ku ntegeka y'ensoma. <ref name="uwn20184">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="cas20183">{{Cite web|title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT|website=Centre for African Studies, UCT|date=28 May 2018|url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-date=7 November 2025|url-status=live|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Prof Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/contacts/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041546/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/contacts/mahmood-mamdani |archive-date=4 Oct 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Faculty of Humanities}}</ref> === Engule n’okusunsulwa === * 1997: [[:en:Herskovits_Prize|Herskovits Prize]] for ''[[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]''<ref name="cas20184">{{cite web |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT|website=Centre for African Studies, UCT|date=28 May 2018|url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-date=7 November 2025|url-status=live|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> * 1999: [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|University of Cape Town]] Book Award for ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism''<ref>{{cite web |title=UCT Book Award |url=https://www.uct.ac.za/about/honours/bookaward/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130404065845/http://www.uct.ac.za/about/honours/bookaward/ |archive-date=4 April 2013 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[University of Cape Town]]}}</ref> * 2009: GDS Eminent Scholar Award from the [[:en:International_Studies_Association|International Studies Association]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=GDS Eminent Scholar Award Past Recipients |url=https://www.isanet.org/Programs/Awards/GDS-Eminent-Scholar/Past-Recipients |access-date=16 January 2019 |website=www.isanet.org}}</ref> * 2011: [[:en:H._F._Lenfest|Lenfest]] Distinguished Faculty Award<ref>{{cite web |date=15 April 2011 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani Recognized with Lenfest Award |url=http://www.sipa.columbia.edu/news_events/announcements/MahmoodMamdaniFacultyAward04152011.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121221034143/http://sipa.columbia.edu/news_events/announcements/MahmoodMamdaniFacultyAward04152011.html |archive-date=21 December 2012 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[School of International and Public Affairs, Columbia University]]}}</ref> * 2012: Scholar of the Year at the 2nd Annual African Diaspora Awards for his immense contribution to African Scholarship<ref>{{cite web |date=19 November 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani Is To Be Honored As "Scholar of the Year" At The Annual African Diaspora Awards NYC |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/news/prof-mamdani-be-honored-scholar-year-annual-african-diaspora-awards-nyc |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University|MISR]]}}</ref> * 2012: Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012<ref name="diaspora2">{{cite web |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora|title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012|date=29 November 2012|publisher=ugandandiaspora.com|access-date=21 March 2013|archive-date=1 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora|url-status=dead}}</ref> * 2021: ''[[:en:Neither_Settler_Nor_Native:_The_Making_and_Unmaking_of_Permanent_Minorities|Neither Settler Nor Native: The Making and Unmaking of Permanent Minorities]]'' (2020), shortlisted for the [[:en:British_Academy_Book_Prize_for_Global_Cultural_Understanding|British Academy Book Prize for Global Cultural Understanding]], and as "World History Finalist" by Association of American Publishers Awards for Professional and Scholarly Excellence ([[:en:PROSE_Awards|PROSE Awards]])<ref name="bio23">{{cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani|website=Department of Anthropology|url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> === Diguli ez’ekitiibwa === * 25 Ogwokutaano 2010: [[:en:University_of_Johannesburg|University of Johannesburg]], [[:en:DLitt|DLitt]] ([[:en:Honoris_Causa|Honoris Causa]])<ref>{{cite web |date=May 2010 |title=Mahmood Mamdani conferred with an honorary doctorate |url=http://www.uj.ac.za/EN/Newsroom/News/Pages/MahmoodMamdaniconferredwithanhonorarydoctorate201006222.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130421210222/http://www.uj.ac.za/EN/Newsroom/News/Pages/MahmoodMamdaniconferredwithanhonorarydoctorate201006222.aspx |archive-date=21 April 2013 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[University of Johannesburg]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=25 May 2010 |title=Speech delivered by Professor Prof Mahmood Mamdani at the University of Johannesburg, South Africa |url=http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech-2.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501065506/http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech-2.pdf |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[CODESRIA]]}}</ref> * 24 Ogwomusanvu 2010: [[:en:Addis_Ababa_University|Addis Ababa University]], DLitt (Honoris Causa)<ref>{{cite web |date=24 July 2010 |title=Remarks on receipt of Honorary Doctorate at Addis Ababa University |url=http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech_2-2.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501065507/http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech_2-2.pdf |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[CODESRIA]]}}</ref> * 24 Ogwokuna 2012: [[:en:University_of_KwaZulu-Natal|University of KwaZulu-Natal]], DLitt (Honoris Causa)<ref>{{cite web |date=12 April 2012 |title=Media Statement: UKZN To honour leading South Africans and women graduates excel |url=http://www.ukzn.ac.za/docs/media-releases/graduation-2012.docx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305015502/http://www.ukzn.ac.za/docs/media-releases/graduation-2012.docx |archive-date=5 March 2016 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[University of KwaZulu-Natal]] |format=[[MS Word]]}}</ref><ref name="kwazulu20122">{{cite web |date=24 April 2012 |title=Address on Receiving an Honorary Doctorate at the University of Kwazulu Natal |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/mesaas/images/faculty/news/Mamdani%20commencement.pdf |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> == Obulamu bwe ng'omuntu == Mamdani yawasa [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]], dayirekita wa firimu era pulodyusa Omuyindi ng’abeera mu Amerika, mu 1991. Baasooka kusisinkana mu [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, n’oluvannyuma ne baddamu mu Kampala, Uganda, mu 1989 Nair bwe yali akola okunoonyereza ku firimu ye, ''[[Mississippi Masala]]'' . <ref name="lahr2002">{{cite interview|first=Mira|last=Nair|interviewer-last=Lahr|interviewer-first=John|title=Whirlwind|website=[[The New Yorker]]|date=2 December 2002|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|url-access=subscription|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141022030926/http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|archive-date=22 October 2014|url-status=live|quote=Published in the print edition of the December 9, 2002, issue.}}</ref> <ref name="indian tele2">{{Cite web|url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp|url-status=dead|archive-date=2 February 2009|title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly|last=Sen|first=Manjula|date=25 January 2009|access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref>Baagattibwa mu 1991. Mu 2025 Mamdani ne Nair babeera mu kitundu kya [[:en:Morningside_Heights|Morningside Heights]] mu [[:en:Manhattan|Manhattan]], okumpi ne Yunivaasite y'e Columbia. <ref name="haag20252">{{Cite web|last=Haag|first=Matthew|last2=Goldberg|first2=Emma|title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics|website=[[The New York Times]]|date=27 June 2025|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html|archive-date=7 October 2025|url-status=live|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news}}</ref> Omwana wa Mamdani ne Nair omu yekka, [[Zohran Mamdani]], yazaalibwa mu Kampala mu 1991. Mu 1996 famire ye yasengukira e [[:en:Cape_Town|Cape Town]], South Africa, Mamdani okutwala omulimu gw’okukulira enteekateeka y’okusoma eby'Afirika mu Yunivasite y’e Cape Town, era n’abeerayo okumala emyaka nga esatu. <ref name="lahr20022">{{cite interview|first=Mira|last=Nair|interviewer-last=Lahr|interviewer-first=John|title=Whirlwind|website=[[The New Yorker]]|date=2 December 2002|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|url-access=subscription|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141022030926/http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|archive-date=22 October 2014|url-status=live|quote=Published in the print edition of the December 9, 2002, issue.}}</ref> Nga mu mwaka gwa 1999 baagenda mu Amerika ne basenga mu New York. <ref name="lahr20023">{{cite interview|first=Mira|last=Nair|interviewer-last=Lahr|interviewer-first=John|title=Whirlwind|website=[[The New Yorker]]|date=2 December 2002|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|url-access=subscription|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141022030926/http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|archive-date=22 October 2014|url-status=live|quote=Published in the print edition of the December 9, 2002, issue.}}</ref> Zohran yafuuka munnabyabufuzi era abadde [[:en:Mayor_of_New_York_City|Meeya w'ekibuga New York]] okuva nga 1 Ogwoluberyeberye 2026, ng'abadde mmemba [[:en:New_York_State_Assembly|w'olukiiko olukulu olw'essaza ly'e New York]] okuva mu 2021 okutuuka mu 2025. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kitunzi |first=Yahudu |date=June 7, 2025 |title=Mamdani's mayoral goal puts Uganda on the map |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/mamdani-s-mayoral-goal-puts-uganda-on-the-map-5072356 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250609023734/https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/mamdani-s-mayoral-goal-puts-uganda-on-the-map-5072356 |archive-date=June 9, 2025 |access-date=June 7, 2025 |website=[[Daily Monitor|Monitor]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Muhumuza |first=Rodney |date=3 November 2025 |title=In Uganda, where Zohran Mamdani was born, NYC mayoral hopeful is recalled with pride |url=https://apnews.com/article/uganda-zohran-mamdani-mayor-election-new-york-d41260eeef2438498a3aa04118fbd2df |access-date=5 November 2025 |website=[[AP News]] |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news}}</ref> Kampeyini ze ez'obwameeya zawagirwa bazadde be. <ref name="haag20253">{{Cite web|last=Haag|first=Matthew|last2=Goldberg|first2=Emma|title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics|website=[[The New York Times]]|date=27 June 2025|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html|archive-date=7 October 2025|url-status=live|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> == Ebyawandiikibwako == == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 7ms46u4xkmp3j8rzl5gbejmsctx6w5z 48722 48721 2026-05-03T10:54:52Z Charles Kalanzi 9748 48722 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mahmood Mamdani''' [ a ] FBA (yazaalibwa 23 Ogwokuna 1946) munnayuganda [[:en:Anthropologist|omukugu mu by'enkula y'abantu]], munnaby'anjigiriza, era omukugu mu by'obufuzi. Ye Herbert Lehman Pulofeesa wa Gavumenti era pulofeesa w’ensonga z'ekikula ky'abantu, [[:en:Political_science|ssaayansi w’ebyobufuzi]], n’okunoonyereza [[:en:African_studies|ku nsoma y'Afirika]] mu [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]] . Era akola nga Ccansala wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda, era nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa ku Center for African Studis mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y'e Cape Town]] . Emabegako yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole kya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. Mamdani mukugu mu kusoma ebyobufuzi bya Afrika n’ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw’amatwale]] n’oluvannyuma [[:en:Postcolonialism|lw'obufuzi bw’amatwale]], n’ebyobufuzi [[:en:Knowledge_economy|by’ebyenfuna]] . Mufumbo nga mukazi we ye [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]] omuzannyi wa firimu . Ye ne Nair be bazadde ba [[:en:New_York_City_Mayor|Meeya w'ekibuga New York]] [[Zohran Mamdani]] . == Obuto bwe n’okusoma == Mahmood Mamdani yazaalibwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1946 mu [[:en:Bombay|kibuga Bombay]] (kati Mumbai), Buyindi, ng’ebula omwaka gumu [[:en:British_Raj|enfuga ya Bungereza]] ekome. <ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/education/news/mahmood-mamdani-education-and-career-path-how-zohran-mamdanis-father-built-a-legacy-of-revolution-through-ideas-and-exile/articleshow/122064130.cms "Mahmood Mamdani education and career path: How Zohran Mamdani's father built a legacy of revolution through ideas and exile"]. ''The Times of India''. 25 June 2025. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN&nbsp;]][https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-8257 0971-825]7. Retrieved 13 July 2025.</ref> <ref name="codesria">{{Cite web |title=Pr. Mahmood Mamdani (1998-2002) |url=https://codesria.org/pr-mahmood-mamdani-1998-2002/ |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> Yakulira mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=23 February 2021 |title=Mahmood Mamdani on Uganda |url=https://africasacountry.com/2011/04/mamdani-on-uganda |website=Africa is a Country}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Permanent Minorities and the Politics of Survivors: A conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://worldpeacefoundation.org/blog/permanent-minorities-and-the-politics-of-survivors-a-conversation-with-mahmood-mamdani/ |website=World Peace Foundation}}</ref> ng'omu ku [[:en:Indian_diaspora_in_Southeast_Africa|Bayindi ababundabunda mu bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba bwa Afrika]] . Bazadde be bombi, [[:en:Gujarati_Muslim|basiraamu Abagujarati]], baazaalibwa era ne bakulira mu kitundu kya Bungereza eky'amatwale ki [[:en:Tanganyika_Territory|Tanganyika]] (leero Tanzania). Abafumbo bano baagenda e Bombay olwo kitaawe n’asomerayo mu ttendekero ekkulu. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Chen |first=Kuan-Hsing |last2=Gao |first2=Shiming |last3=Tang |first3=Xiaolin |date=2016 |title=The formation of an African intellectual: an interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |journal=Inter-Asia Cultural Studies |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=456–480 |doi=10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref>Muhoozi, Mourice (6 March 2022). [https://www.watchdoguganda.com/news/20220306/131449/meet-ugandas-most-iconic-academician-prof-mahmood-mamdani.html "Meet Uganda's most Iconic academician, Prof. Mahmood Mamdani"]. ''Watchdog Uganda''</ref> Famire yaddayo e [[:en:Dar_es_Salaam|Dar es Salaam]], Tanganyika, nga Mamdani wa myaka ebiri, ne bagenda e Uganda nga wa myaka etaano oba mukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Mu kiseera ekyo, Uganda yali yayawulwamu okusinziira ku mawanga, omuli abantu gye babeera, amasomero, emizikiti, n’ebifo abaana we bazannyira. Okusoma kwe mu pulayimale, Mamdani yasooka kugenda mu [[:en:Madrasa|madarasa]], n’oluvannyuma mu Government Indian Primary School. <ref name=":8"/> Yakula ng'ayogera [[:en:Gujarati_language|Olugujarati]], [[:en:Urdu|Oluurdu]] [[:en:Swahili_language|n'Oluswayiri]] . Yatandika okusoma Olungereza mu kibiina eky’omukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Oluvannyuma lw’okusoma siniya ey’awansi, yasomera ku Old Kampala Senior Secondary School, gye yali omuwandiisi w’ekibiina kya Do-it-Yourself Physics. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uganda: Buganda And Uganda At Crossroads |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090826030635/http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |archive-date=26 August 2009 |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=AllAfrica}}</ref> Mamdani yali omu ku bayizi Bannayuganda 23 abaali mu kibiina kya [[:en:The_Kennedy_Airlift|Kennedy Airlift]] mu 1963, enteekateeka ya sikaala eyaweebwa ssente okuva mu Amerika eyaleetera ebikumi n’ebikumi by'abayizi okuva mu [[:en:East_Africa|Buvanjuba bwa Afrika]] okusomera ku yunivasite mu Amerika ne Canada wakati wa 1959 ne 1963. <ref name="indian tele">{{Cite web |last=Sen |first=Manjula |date=25 January 2009 |title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |archive-date=2 February 2009 |access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref> Mamdani yatikkirwa diguli ya Bachelor of Arts okuva mu [[:en:University_of_Pittsburgh|Yunivasite y’e Pittsburgh]] <ref name="codesria"/> mu 1967. <ref>{{Cite book |date=1 January 2010 |title=International Encyclopedia of Civil Society |url=https://link.springer.com/referencework/10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |vauthors=((Anheier, H. K.)), ((Toepler, S.)) |publisher=Springer US |isbn=978-0-387-93994-0 |editor-last=Anheier |editor-first=Helmut K. |doi=10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |editor-last2=Toepler |editor-first2=Stefan}}</ref> Yali omu ku bayizi abangi mu bukiikakkono bwa Amerika abaali mu lugendo lwa bbaasi mu bukiikaddyo okutuuka e [[:en:Montgomery,_Alabama|Montgomery, Alabama]], olwategekebwa [[:en:Student_Nonviolent_Coordinating_Committee|akakiiko akakwasaganya abayizi abatali ba ffujjo]] mu Gwokusatu 1965 okwetaba mu kaweefube w'okulwanirira [[:en:Civil_rights_movement|eddembe ly’obuntu]] . Kino kyaliwo mu kiseera ky’okutambula okuva e [[:en:Selma_to_Montgomery_marches|Selma okutuuka e Montgomery]], naye nga kyo kya njawulo. Yasibibwa mu kkomera mu kutambula kuno era n’akkirizibwa okukuba essimu. Mamdani yakubira [[:en:Embassy_of_Uganda,_Washington,_D.C.|omubaka wa Uganda]] e [[:en:Washington,_DC|Washington, DC]], amuyambe. Omubaka yamubuuza lwaki "ayingirira ensonga z'omunda mu nsi engwira", n'amuddamu nti teyali nsonga ya munda wabula olutalo lw'eddembe era nti nabo eddembe lyabwe baali bakalifuna omwaka ogwakaggwa. <ref name="pambazuka">{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=28 April 2007 |title=The Asian question again: A reflection |url=http://www.pambazuka.org/en/category/comment/41273 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]] (Uganda) |via=pambazuka.org}}</ref> Amangu ddala nga wayiseewo akaseera katono, Mamdani yategeera ku mulimu gwa [[:en:Karl_Marx|Karl Marx]] okuva mu kukyala kwe ku FBI. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Shringarpure |first=Bhakti |author-link=Bhakti Shringarpure |date=15 July 2013 |title=In Conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.warscapes.com/conversations/conversation-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=6 November 2017 |website=Warscapes |language=en |quote=I thought the guy Marx had just died. […] So that was my introduction to Karl Marx.}}</ref> Yasomera ku [[:en:Fletcher_School_of_Law_and_Diplomacy|Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy]] mu [[:en:Tufts_University|Yunivasite ya Tufts]] era mu 1968 yatikkirwa diguli ya Master of Arts mu [[:en:Political_science|byobufuzi]] ne Master of Arts mu mateeka ne diplomacy mu 1969. Yafuna diguli ye [[:en:Doctor_of_philosophy|eyookusatu]] mu gavumenti okuva mu [[:en:Harvard_University|Yunivasite y'e Harvard]] mu 1974, wansi w’obulagirizi bwa [[:en:Karl_Deutsch|Karl Deutsch]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and class formation in Uganda |url=http://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=978-0-85345-378-9 |location=New York |via=Internet Archive}}</ref> Omulamwa kw'eyatambuliza ddiguli ye eyookusatu yagiwa omutwe "''Politics and Class Formation in Uganda."'' <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and Class Formation in Uganda |url=https://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=0-85345-378-0 |location=New York |oclc=2073894 |url-access=registration}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Allen |first=Judith Van |last2=Mamdani |first2=Mahmood |last3=Shivji |first3=Issa G. |date=November 1977 |title=Reviewed Works: Politics and Class Formation in Uganda. by Mahmood Mamdani; Class Struggles in Tanzania. by Issa G. Shivji |journal=Contemporary Sociology |publisher=American Sociological Association |volume=6 |issue=6 |pages=702 |doi=10.2307/2066367 |issn=0094-3061 |eissn=1939-8638 |jstor=2066367}}</ref> == Emirimu gye == Mamdani yakomawo mu Uganda ku ntandikwa ya 1972 era naweebwa omulimu ku [[Makerere University, Uganda|yunivasite y'e Makerere]] mu Kampala [[:en:Teaching_assistant|ng'ayambako omusomesa]], mu kiseera kye kimu yali akola ku kunoonyereza kwe okwa ddiguli eyookusatu. . Ye n’Abaasia abasinga obungi [[:en:Expulsion_of_Asians_from_Uganda|baagobebwa]] mu Uganda ku nkomerero y’omwaka ogwo [[Idi Amin]] olw’amawanga gaabwe; Amin yali agenderera "kuzzaawo" bizinensi n'ebintu. Mamdani yava mu Uganda n’agenda mu nkambi y’ababundabunda mu Bungereza ku ntandikwa y'omwezi Gwekkuminoogumu. <ref name="lrb2022">{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2022-10-06 |title=The Asian Question |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v44/n19/mahmood-mamdani/the-asian-question |journal=[[London Review of Books]] |language=en |volume=44 |issue=19 |issn=0260-9592 |access-date=2025-09-08}}</ref> Yava e Bungereza mu makkati ga 1973 oluvannyuma lw’okuyingizibwa mu [[:en:University_of_Dar_es_Salaam|Yunivasite y’e Dar es Salaam]] mu Tanzania. <ref name="pambazuka"/> <ref name="cas2018">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> <ref name="bio2">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> Mu Dar es Salaam, yamaliriza okuwandiika dissertation ye. Yali mujjumbize nnyo n’ebibiina ebiwakanya Amin. Mu 1979, yeetaba mu Ttabamiruka w’e Moshi ng’omutunuulizi. Yaddayo mu Uganda oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa ku bukulembeze oluvannyuma lw'olutalo lwa [[Olutalo lwa Uganda ne Tanzania|Uganda ne Tanzania]] mu 1979. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McCormack |first=Pete |date=17 October 2005 |title=Interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.petemccormack.com/interview_mamdani_001.htm |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=petemccormack.com}}</ref> <ref name="bio2" /> Mu kiseera kino, yakozesebwa ng'omutendeke mu kibiina kya [[:en:All_Africa_Conference_of_Churches|All Africa Conference of Churches]], omukago [[:en:Ecumenical_Christian|gw'Abakristaayo ogw'ensi yonna]] ogusangibwa e [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, ng'akolera mu ofiisi [[:en:Church_of_Uganda|y'Ekkanisa ya Uganda]] mu Kampala. <ref name="lrb2022"/> Okuva mu 1980 (oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa mu ntebe mu 1979) okutuuka mu 1993 yaddamu okukolera yunivasite y’e Makerere. <ref name="bio2"/> <ref name="lrb2022"/>​[[Milton Obote|​]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kagolo |first=Francis |date=8 February 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani to be honoured among Africa's best |url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/628869-prof-mamdani-to-be-honoured-among-africa-s-best.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]]}}</ref> Yaddayo e Dar es Salaam. Oluvannyuma lwa Obote okugobwa mu ntebe omulundi ogwokubiri, Mamdani yaddamu okudda mu Uganda mu Gwomukaaga 1986. <ref name="indian tele"/> Yali dayirekita eyatandikawo ekitongole kya Centre for Basic Research (CBR), ekitongole kya Uganda ekitali kya gavumenti ekyasooka mu kunoonyereza, mwe yaweereza okuva mu 1987 okutuuka mu 1996. <ref name="diaspora">{{Cite web |date=29 November 2012 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012 |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=ugandandiaspora.com}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> <ref name="csds">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Yaliko pulofeesa omugenyi ku [[:en:University_of_Durban-Westville|Yunivasite y’e Durban]] - [[:en:Westville,_KwaZulu-Natal|Westville]] mu South Africa (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka mu Gwomukaaga 1993), ku [[:en:Nehru_Memorial_Museum_&_Library|Nehru Memorial Museum & Library]] e New Delhi (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka Gwomukaaga 1995), ne mu [[:en:Princeton_University|Yunivasite y'e Princeton]] (1995–96). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vance |first=Dara |date=2015-11-20 |title=UK Committee on Social Theory Hosts Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://uknow.uky.edu/uk-happenings/uk-committee-social-theory-hosts-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=UKNow}}</ref> Mu 1996, yalondebwa okubeera omukulembeze w’entebe ya [[:en:Archibald_Campbell_Jordan|AC Jordan]] ey'ensoma y'Afirika mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y’e Cape Town]], <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 March 2011 |title=UCT in war over 'bantu education' |url=http://mg.co.za/article/2011-03-11-uct-in-war-over-bantu-education |access-date=22 March 2013}}</ref> era ku ntandikwa ya 1997 n’afuuka akulira [[:en:Centre_for_African_Studies|ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku by'ensoma y'Afirika]] (CAS). <ref name="uwn2018">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> Yavaawo oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obutakkaanya n'abasomesa (abasinga obungi abazungu) ku bbago ly'ensoma ye ey'omusomo ogw'omusingi ku Afrika oguyitibwa "Problematising Africa". <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=June 1, 1998 |title=Is African studies to be turned into a new home for Bantu education at UCT? |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/02533959808458649 |journal=Social Dynamics |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=63–75 |doi=10.1080/02533959808458649 |issn=0253-3952 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> Mamdani, eyalaga nti ensoma eriwo eya " [[:en:Bantu_Education_Act,_1953|Bantu studies]] " (mu kujjuliza ku kusomesa Abaddugavu wansi w'enfuga [[:en:Apartheid|y'obusosoze]] ) <ref name="cas2018" /> yayimirizibwa era okukkakkana ng'alekulidde. <ref name="davis2017">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> "Ensonga ya Mamdani" ekyayogerwako mu kukubaganya ebirowoozo ku [[:en:Decolonization_of_higher_education_in_South_Africa|kununula amatendekero aga waggulu okuva mu nsoma y'abamatwale]] . Oluvannyuma yagamba nti teyalina busungu ku muntu yenna, era yalina enkolagana ennungi ekiseera kye yamalayo. Yagamba nti obutakwatagana bwali ku njawulo mu ndowooza n'addala ensengeka y’ensoma ku bikwata ku kusoma South Africa ng’ensi ya Afrika. Oluvannyuma (2018) yakomezebwawo nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa asuutibwa. [ b ] <ref name="uwn2018" /> Mu 1999, Mamdani yalondebwa okuba dayirekita w’ekitongole ekikola ku by’okunoonyereza ku Afirika mu yunivasite ya Columbia, ekifo kye yalina okutuusa mu 2004. <ref name="uwn2018"/> Okuva olwo abadde asomesa eyo (nga 2025). <ref name="haag2025">{{Cite web |last=Haag |first=Matthew |last2=Goldberg |first2=Emma |date=27 June 2025 |title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |archive-date=7 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku mbeera z’abantu ekya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=18 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University]] |archive-date=2 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002055113/http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Agaba |first=John |title=Mamdani talks about his research legacy and work at Makerere |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20220329112608625 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="bio2"/> Okutuuka mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2025 [[:en:Columbia_University#Academics|pulofeesa wa Herbert Lehman mu Gavumenti]] era pulofeesa ku nkula y'abantu, okusoma saayansi w'ebyobufuzi [[:en:African_studies|n'okusoma ku Afirika]] ku [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]].<ref name="bio2" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Faculty Bio: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/anthropology/fac-bios/mamdani/faculty.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Era akola nga chancellor wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://kiu.ac.ug/news-page.php?i=press-release-kampala-international-university-kiu-appoints-prof-mahmood-mamdani-as-chancellor |access-date=24 August 2020 |publisher=[[Kampala International University]]}}</ref> == Okunoonyereza n'okuwandiika == Mamdani yeemalira mu kunoonyereza ku byobufuzi bya Afirika n'eby'ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw'amatwale]] [[:en:Postcolonialism|n'oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale]], n'ebyobufuzi by'ebyenfuna. Ebitabo bye byekenneenya enkolagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'ebyobuwangwa, okugeraageranya [[:en:Colonialism|okufugibwa kw'amatwale]] okuva mu 1452, ebyafaayo by'entalo z'omunda [[:en:Genocide|n'ekitta bantu]] mu Afirika, [[:en:Cold_War|Olutalo olw'Ensi Yonna olw'ebigambo]] [[:en:War_on_terror|n'olutalo ku butujju]], n'ebyafaayo by'eddembe ly'obuntu.<ref>vSneh, Itai Nartzizenfield (2008). [https://books.google.com/books?id=iax4AAAAMAAJ ''The Future Almost Arrived: How Jimmy Carter Failed to Change U.S. Foreign Policy''.] [[:en:Peter_Lang_(publishing_company)|Peter Lang]]. p. 169. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780820481852|9780820481852]]</bdi>.</ref> Okunoonyereza kwe okw'omwaka 2016 kwatandikira ku kitabo kye eky'omwaka 1996, [[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]. <ref>[http://polisci.columbia.edu/people/profile/96 "Mahmood Mamdani | Department of Political Science"]. ''polisci.columbia.edu''. Retrieved 21 January 2016.</ref>Mu kitabo ekyo, yagamba nti eggwanga eryafugibwa terisobola kutegeerwa nga tewekenenyeza bulungi eggwanga eryalifuga.Enkola y'obufuzi bw'amatwale mu Afirika yali eddamu okusoomoozebwa kw'ekibuuzo "ekikulu", era yagamba nti yafuuka "amawanga agaabuluziddwamu".<ref name=":0">Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. pp. 15–16. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|<bdi>9780852553992</bdi>.]]</ref>Kino kyali kikolebwa mu ngeri bbiri: ku ludda olumu nga bafuga butereevu, nga kino kyali kikolwa kya "buyinza" era nga kyali kigenderera okuggya abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo ku ddembe ly'obuntu eryali liweebwa abatuuze mu bitundu ebirala, ate ku ludda olulala nga bafuga mu ngeri etali y'abuteerevu, nga kino kyali kikolebwa mu byalo era nga kizingiramu okuyingiza "bannansi" mu "mateeka g'eggwanga" agaateekebwawo ab'obuyinza mu byalo, era nga kino yakiyita "obwannakyemalira obw'okugabanya obuyinza".<ref name=":0" /> Embeera eno yali "yakusika muguwa" era ng'erimu "engeri bbiri ez'obuyinza wansi w'obuyinza obumu".<ref name=":0" /> Oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale, ebibuga byali tebikyayawulamu bantu lwa langi naye ebyalo byali bikyafugibwa abakulembeze abaali mu nkwawa z'abafuzi b'amatwale, ka babe abakulembeze ab'ennono oba b'ebali bakwasizzaobuyinza nga balina ebiruubirirwa by'okufugisa omukono ogw'ekyuma.<ref>Clapham, Chris (1997). "Review: Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism by Mahmood Mamdani'". ''Royal Institute of International Affairs''. '''73''': 606.</ref>Mu ngeri eno obukulembeze bwonna bwaleeta enjawukana mu mawnga era n'ekutondawo obukulembeze bwabwe obw'enjawulo obwannakyemalira.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref> Mamdani yekennenya ebyafaayo mu South Africa ne Uganda okulaga nti obufuzi bw'amatwale bwakozesa obuyinza obuyitiridde era obuyinza obwo bweyongera okubaawo oluvannyuma lw'ameefuga.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. p. 37. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref>Ng’asomooza endowooza eza bulijjo ku busosoze mu South Afrika nga ez’enjawulo, agamba nti [[:en:Apartheid|obusosoze mu mawanga]] bwali ngeri ya bulijjo ey’ettwale lya Bulaaya mu Africa, nga lizingiramu ensonga [[:en:Indirect_rule|z’obufuzi obutali butereevu]] n’okukwatagana<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1 January 1996 |title=Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism |isbn=9780852553992 |pages=16–18}}</ref> Mu kitabo kye ekyafulumizibwa mu 2004 ekya ''Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: America, the Cold War, and the Roots of Terror'' Mamdani yagamba nti [[:en:Suicide_attack|abeetuze]] balina okumanyibwa "ng'ekika ky'omujaasi" era nti balina "okutegeerwa mu ngeri y'effujjo ly'ebyobufuzi ery'omulembe guno okusinga okuvumwavumwa ng'akabonero k'obukambwe". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bickerton |first=James |date=2025-07-11 |title=Zohran Mamdani's father's remark about suicide bombers comes under scrutiny |url=https://www.newsweek.com/zohran-mamdani-father-remark-about-suicide-bombers-comes-under-scrutiny-2097793 |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref> Omuyivu omu yagamba nti kino si kuwagira kwettisa bbomu wabula kwekenneenya okwanenya '"okusalawo kwa Amerika ku nkola y'ensonga z'ebweru naddala mu kiseera ky'olutalo olw'ebigambo", okutondawo embeera [[:en:Islamic_extremism|y'Obusiraamu obw'annalukalala]] [[:en:Political_violence|n'effujjo mu byobufuzi]] " mwe byakulaakulanira. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Murray |first=Conor |date=Jul 11, 2025 |title=Mahmood Mamdani's Work Does Not Advocate Violence, Expert Says |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/conormurray/2025/07/11/sequoias-maguire-unfairly-targets-zohran-mamdanis-father-fellow-academic-says/ |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko bye bifulumiddde mu ''[[:en:London_Review_of_Books|London Review of Books]]'' n'ekampuni ezifulumya ebitabo ebirala.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/contributors/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=London Review of Books |language=en-GB}}</ref> Okusinziira ku CAS, ebiwandiiko bya Mamdani "bibadde bikulu mu kusomebwa abayizi abali ku misomo gyabwe egya undergraduate ne Postgraduate ku UCT ssaako n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo ku nsoma y'ebyafaayo n'ebyobufuzi bya Afirika , nga banonyereza ku nkwatagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'obuwangwa, okugerageranya obufuzi bw'amatwale, entalo ez'omunda mu ggwanga n'ekittabantu mu Afirika".<ref name="uwn20182">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> == Emirimu gy'emirala == Okuva mu 1998 <ref name="bio22">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> oba 1999 okutuuka mu 2002, Mamdani yaweereza nga pulezidenti w'olukiiko olukulaakulanya okunoonyereza ku ssaayansi w'embeera z'abantu mu Afrika ([[:en:Council_for_the_Development_of_Social_Science_Research_in_Africa|Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa]]). <ref name="cas20182">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumineebiri 2001, yawa okwogera ku "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" mu lukungaana lwa [[:en:Nobel_Prize|Nobel Centennial Symposium]] e [[:en:Oslo|Oslo]], Norway. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 December 2001 |title=Speech by Dr. Mahmood Mamdani: "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/mediaplayer/index.php?id=1281 |access-date=24 March 2013 |publisher=Nobel Prize}}</ref> Mu Gwomwenda 2006, Mamdani yali omu ku boogezi abaayitibwa mu lukuŋŋaana lw’ekibiina kya [[:en:Ugandan_North_American_Association_(UNAA)|Uganda North American Association (UNAA)]] mu kibuga New York. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2006-09-05 |title=UNAA Convention was disorganised! |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/news/1141390/unaa-convention-disorganised |access-date=2026-02-18 |publisher=New Vision (Kampala)}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano 2011, mu kiseera ky'okwekalakaasa okwali mu kibangirizi kya Tahrir([[:en:Tahrir_Square_protests|Tahrir Square protests]]) mu kibuga [[:en:Cairo|Cairo]], Misiri, Mamdani yayitibwa okwogerako mu [[:en:American_University_of_Cairo|Yunivasite y’Amerika e Cairo]]. Ng’ayogera eri abayizi mu [[:en:University_of_KwaZulu-Natal|yunivasite y’e KwaZulu-Natal]] mu South Africa mu 2012, kino yakigeraageranya n’obwegugungo obwaliwo mu Soweto ([[:en:1976_Soweto_uprising|Soweto Uprising]]) mu 1976 . <ref name="kwazulu2012">{{Cite web |date=24 April 2012 |title=Address on Receiving an Honorary Doctorate at the University of Kwazulu Natal |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/mesaas/images/faculty/news/Mamdani%20commencement.pdf |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumi 2011, Mamdani (nga bali wamu ne Rhoda Ann Kanaaneh) y'eyali omwogezi omukulu mu lukungaana lw’eggwanga olwasooka olw’abayizi olwa [[:en:Students_for_Justice_in_Palestine|Students for Justice in Palestine]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Silver |first=Carly |date=2011-10-16 |title=Reporting live from the first-ever SJP National Conference |url=https://newvoices.org/2011/10/15/reporting-live-from-the-first-ever-sjp-national-conference/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=New Voices |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nathan-Kazis |first=Josh |date=2011-10-11 |title=Pro-Palestinian Student Activists Plan First National Conference |url=https://forward.com/news/144173/pro-palestinian-student-activists-plan-push/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=The Forward |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2017 yayitibwa okuwa omusomo ku lunaku lwa [[:en:TB_Davie_Memorial_Lecture|TB Davie Memorial]] ku ddembe ly'okusoma mu Yunivasite y'e Cape Town, era emboozi ye, eyatuumibwa "Decolonising the Post-Colonial University" yaleetawo okukubaganya ebirowoozo kungi. <ref name="uwn20183">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="davis20172">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> Okuva mu Gwekkumineebiri 2017 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2018, Mamdani yaweereza nga Rajni Kothari Chair Professor mu [[:en:Centre_for_the_Study_of_Developing_Societies|Center for the Study of Developing Societies]] mu [[:en:Delhi|Delhi,]] Buyindi. Oluvannyuma lw'ekisanja kye okuggwako, nga 4 Ogwokuna 2018 yawa omusomo gwa Rajni Kothari Chair ogutegekebwa buli mwaka, ogwatuumibwa "Okulowooza ku bwenkanya okuyita mu bumanyirivu bw'Afirika mu kyasa eky'amakumi abiri". <ref name="csds2">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Alabikidde mu firimu z’ebyafaayo ng’omukugu okugeza, ''[[:en:Rwanda:_The_Untold_Story|Rwanda: The Untold Story]]'' (2014, [[:en:BBC|BBC]] ), ''The Dictator’s Playbook'' (2018, [[:en:PBS|PBS]] ) ne ''[[:en:How_to_Become_a_Tyrant|How to Become a Tyrant]]'' (2021, [[:en:Netflix|Netflix]]). <ref>{{Cite AV media|url=https://www.pbs.org/video/idi-amin-3ol3rz/|title=The Dictator's Playbook {{!}} Idi Amin {{!}} Episode 6|language=en|publisher=[[PBS]]|via=}}</ref> Yalabikira mu firimu ya [[:en:Cameo_appearance|cameo]] ,mu firimu ya 2012 ''eya [[:en:The_Reluctant_Fundamentalist_(film)|The Reluctant Fundamentalist]]'', eyakulemberwamu mukyala we. <ref>{{Cite AV media|title=[[The Reluctant Fundamentalist]]|date=2012|last=Nair|first=Mira|publisher=[[IFC Films]]}}</ref> Mu 2024, yeegatta ku [[:en:Gaza_tribunal|Gaza Tribunal]], eyagenderera "okuzuukusa ebibiina by'obwannakyewa ku buvunaanyizibwa bwabyo n'okukomya ekittabantu kya Yisirayiri mu Gaza." <ref>{{Cite web |title=Home |url=https://gazatribunal.com/ |access-date=2025-12-07 |website=Gaza Tribunal |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title='Gaza Tribunal' established in London to seek justice for war crimes in Gaza |url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/europe/-gaza-tribunal-established-in-london-to-seek-justice-for-war-crimes-in-gaza/3383887 |access-date=2026-01-07 |website=www.aa.com.tr}}</ref> == Okusiimibwa == Mu 2008, mu kunoonyereza okwakolebwa ku mutimbagano mu lwatu, Mamdani yalondebwa ng'owomwenda ku bantu abagezi abasinga mu nsi yonna ku lukalala lw'abagezigezi 100 okuva mu ''[[:en:Prospect_(magazine)|Prospect Magazine]]'' (UK) ne ''[[:en:Foreign_Policy|Foreign Policy]]'' (US). <ref>{{Cite web |date=2008 |title=The 2008 List |url=http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/prospect-100-intellectuals/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090930143349/http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/prospect-100-intellectuals/ |archive-date=30 September 2009 |publisher=[[Prospect (magazine)|Prospect Magazine]] (UK) / [[Foreign Policy]] (US)}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |date=2008 |title=The World's Top 20 Public Intellectuals |journal=Foreign Policy |publisher=Slate Group, LLC |issue=167 |pages=54–57 |issn=0015-7228 |eissn=1945-2276 |jstor=25462318}}</ref> Mu Gwomusanvu 2017, Mamdani yalondebwa okubeera [[:en:Corresponding_Fellow_of_the_British_Academy|Omukwanaganya wa British Academy (FBA)]], ettendekero ly’eggwanga erya Bungereza erikola ku by’obuntubulamu ne ssaayansi w’embeera z’abantu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 July 2017 |title=Elections to the British Academy celebrate the diversity of UK research |url=http://www.britac.ac.uk/news/elections-british-academy-celebrate-diversity-uk-research |access-date=29 July 2017 |website=British Academy}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano nga 28, 2018 ( [[:en:Africa_Day|Africa Day]] ), Mamdani yalondebwa okuba pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa mu Center for African Studies mu Yunivasite y’e Cape Town. Dayirekita wa CAS [[:en:Lungisile_Ntsebeza|Lungisile Ntsebeza]], okulondebwa kuno yakuyita kwa "byafaayo mu bitongole", era nga kikulu mu nteekateeka y'okufuna obwetwaze bwa yunivasite m okuva mu kwekalakaasa kw'abayizi okwa " [[:en:Rhodes_Must_Fall|Rhodes Must Fall]] " mu Gwokusatu 2015. Abakulembeze b'abayizi bangi baali balaze obukulu bwa Ssikaala ya Mamdani, era okusinziira ku kino, UCT yandibadde ekola enkyukakyuka ez'omuggundu ku ntegeka y'ensoma. <ref name="uwn20184">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="cas20183">{{Cite web|title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT|website=Centre for African Studies, UCT|date=28 May 2018|url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-date=7 November 2025|url-status=live|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Prof Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/contacts/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041546/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/contacts/mahmood-mamdani |archive-date=4 Oct 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Faculty of Humanities}}</ref> === Engule n’okusunsulwa === * 1997: [[:en:Herskovits_Prize|Herskovits Prize]] for ''[[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]''<ref name="cas20184">{{cite web |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT|website=Centre for African Studies, UCT|date=28 May 2018|url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-date=7 November 2025|url-status=live|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> * 1999: [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|University of Cape Town]] Book Award for ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism''<ref>{{cite web |title=UCT Book Award |url=https://www.uct.ac.za/about/honours/bookaward/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130404065845/http://www.uct.ac.za/about/honours/bookaward/ |archive-date=4 April 2013 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[University of Cape Town]]}}</ref> * 2009: GDS Eminent Scholar Award from the [[:en:International_Studies_Association|International Studies Association]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=GDS Eminent Scholar Award Past Recipients |url=https://www.isanet.org/Programs/Awards/GDS-Eminent-Scholar/Past-Recipients |access-date=16 January 2019 |website=www.isanet.org}}</ref> * 2011: [[:en:H._F._Lenfest|Lenfest]] Distinguished Faculty Award<ref>{{cite web |date=15 April 2011 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani Recognized with Lenfest Award |url=http://www.sipa.columbia.edu/news_events/announcements/MahmoodMamdaniFacultyAward04152011.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121221034143/http://sipa.columbia.edu/news_events/announcements/MahmoodMamdaniFacultyAward04152011.html |archive-date=21 December 2012 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[School of International and Public Affairs, Columbia University]]}}</ref> * 2012: Scholar of the Year at the 2nd Annual African Diaspora Awards for his immense contribution to African Scholarship<ref>{{cite web |date=19 November 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani Is To Be Honored As "Scholar of the Year" At The Annual African Diaspora Awards NYC |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/news/prof-mamdani-be-honored-scholar-year-annual-african-diaspora-awards-nyc |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University|MISR]]}}</ref> * 2012: Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012<ref name="diaspora2">{{cite web |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora|title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012|date=29 November 2012|publisher=ugandandiaspora.com|access-date=21 March 2013|archive-date=1 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora|url-status=dead}}</ref> * 2021: ''[[:en:Neither_Settler_Nor_Native:_The_Making_and_Unmaking_of_Permanent_Minorities|Neither Settler Nor Native: The Making and Unmaking of Permanent Minorities]]'' (2020), shortlisted for the [[:en:British_Academy_Book_Prize_for_Global_Cultural_Understanding|British Academy Book Prize for Global Cultural Understanding]], and as "World History Finalist" by Association of American Publishers Awards for Professional and Scholarly Excellence ([[:en:PROSE_Awards|PROSE Awards]])<ref name="bio23">{{cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani|website=Department of Anthropology|url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> === Diguli ez’ekitiibwa === * 25 Ogwokutaano 2010: [[:en:University_of_Johannesburg|University of Johannesburg]], [[:en:DLitt|DLitt]] ([[:en:Honoris_Causa|Honoris Causa]])<ref>{{cite web |date=May 2010 |title=Mahmood Mamdani conferred with an honorary doctorate |url=http://www.uj.ac.za/EN/Newsroom/News/Pages/MahmoodMamdaniconferredwithanhonorarydoctorate201006222.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130421210222/http://www.uj.ac.za/EN/Newsroom/News/Pages/MahmoodMamdaniconferredwithanhonorarydoctorate201006222.aspx |archive-date=21 April 2013 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[University of Johannesburg]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=25 May 2010 |title=Speech delivered by Professor Prof Mahmood Mamdani at the University of Johannesburg, South Africa |url=http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech-2.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501065506/http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech-2.pdf |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[CODESRIA]]}}</ref> * 24 Ogwomusanvu 2010: [[:en:Addis_Ababa_University|Addis Ababa University]], DLitt (Honoris Causa)<ref>{{cite web |date=24 July 2010 |title=Remarks on receipt of Honorary Doctorate at Addis Ababa University |url=http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech_2-2.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501065507/http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech_2-2.pdf |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[CODESRIA]]}}</ref> * 24 Ogwokuna 2012: [[:en:University_of_KwaZulu-Natal|University of KwaZulu-Natal]], DLitt (Honoris Causa)<ref>{{cite web |date=12 April 2012 |title=Media Statement: UKZN To honour leading South Africans and women graduates excel |url=http://www.ukzn.ac.za/docs/media-releases/graduation-2012.docx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305015502/http://www.ukzn.ac.za/docs/media-releases/graduation-2012.docx |archive-date=5 March 2016 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[University of KwaZulu-Natal]] |format=[[MS Word]]}}</ref><ref name="kwazulu20122">{{cite web |date=24 April 2012 |title=Address on Receiving an Honorary Doctorate at the University of Kwazulu Natal |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/mesaas/images/faculty/news/Mamdani%20commencement.pdf |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> == Obulamu bwe ng'omuntu == Mamdani yawasa [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]], dayirekita wa firimu era pulodyusa Omuyindi ng’abeera mu Amerika, mu 1991. Baasooka kusisinkana mu [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, n’oluvannyuma ne baddamu mu Kampala, Uganda, mu 1989 Nair bwe yali akola okunoonyereza ku firimu ye, ''[[Mississippi Masala]]'' . <ref name="lahr2002">{{cite interview|first=Mira|last=Nair|interviewer-last=Lahr|interviewer-first=John|title=Whirlwind|website=[[The New Yorker]]|date=2 December 2002|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|url-access=subscription|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141022030926/http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|archive-date=22 October 2014|url-status=live|quote=Published in the print edition of the December 9, 2002, issue.}}</ref> <ref name="indian tele2">{{Cite web|url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp|url-status=dead|archive-date=2 February 2009|title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly|last=Sen|first=Manjula|date=25 January 2009|access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref>Baagattibwa mu 1991. Mu 2025 Mamdani ne Nair babeera mu kitundu kya [[:en:Morningside_Heights|Morningside Heights]] mu [[:en:Manhattan|Manhattan]], okumpi ne Yunivaasite y'e Columbia. <ref name="haag20252">{{Cite web|last=Haag|first=Matthew|last2=Goldberg|first2=Emma|title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics|website=[[The New York Times]]|date=27 June 2025|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html|archive-date=7 October 2025|url-status=live|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news}}</ref> Omwana wa Mamdani ne Nair omu yekka, [[Zohran Mamdani]], yazaalibwa mu Kampala mu 1991. Mu 1996 famire ye yasengukira e [[:en:Cape_Town|Cape Town]], South Africa, Mamdani okutwala omulimu gw’okukulira enteekateeka y’okusoma eby'Afirika mu Yunivasite y’e Cape Town, era n’abeerayo okumala emyaka nga esatu. <ref name="lahr20022">{{cite interview|first=Mira|last=Nair|interviewer-last=Lahr|interviewer-first=John|title=Whirlwind|website=[[The New Yorker]]|date=2 December 2002|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|url-access=subscription|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141022030926/http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|archive-date=22 October 2014|url-status=live|quote=Published in the print edition of the December 9, 2002, issue.}}</ref> Nga mu mwaka gwa 1999 baagenda mu Amerika ne basenga mu New York. <ref name="lahr20023">{{cite interview|first=Mira|last=Nair|interviewer-last=Lahr|interviewer-first=John|title=Whirlwind|website=[[The New Yorker]]|date=2 December 2002|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|url-access=subscription|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141022030926/http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|archive-date=22 October 2014|url-status=live|quote=Published in the print edition of the December 9, 2002, issue.}}</ref> Zohran yafuuka munnabyabufuzi era abadde [[:en:Mayor_of_New_York_City|Meeya w'ekibuga New York]] okuva nga 1 Ogwoluberyeberye 2026, ng'abadde mmemba [[:en:New_York_State_Assembly|w'olukiiko olukulu olw'essaza ly'e New York]] okuva mu 2021 okutuuka mu 2025. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kitunzi |first=Yahudu |date=June 7, 2025 |title=Mamdani's mayoral goal puts Uganda on the map |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/mamdani-s-mayoral-goal-puts-uganda-on-the-map-5072356 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250609023734/https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/mamdani-s-mayoral-goal-puts-uganda-on-the-map-5072356 |archive-date=June 9, 2025 |access-date=June 7, 2025 |website=[[Daily Monitor|Monitor]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Muhumuza |first=Rodney |date=3 November 2025 |title=In Uganda, where Zohran Mamdani was born, NYC mayoral hopeful is recalled with pride |url=https://apnews.com/article/uganda-zohran-mamdani-mayor-election-new-york-d41260eeef2438498a3aa04118fbd2df |access-date=5 November 2025 |website=[[AP News]] |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news}}</ref> Kampeyini ze ez'obwameeya zawagirwa bazadde be. <ref name="haag20253">{{Cite web|last=Haag|first=Matthew|last2=Goldberg|first2=Emma|title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics|website=[[The New York Times]]|date=27 June 2025|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html|archive-date=7 October 2025|url-status=live|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> == Ebyawandiikibwako == === Ebitabo === * ''The Myth of Population Control: Family, Class and Caste in an Indian Village'' (1972) * ''From Citizen to Refugee: Ugandan Asians Come to Britain'' (1973)<ref>{{cite book |last1=Mamdani |first1=Mahmood |date=2011 |title=From Citizen to Refugee: Uganda Asians Come to Britain |publisher=Pambazuka Press |isbn=9781906387570 |edition=Second}}</ref> * ''Politics and Class Formation in Uganda'' (1976)<ref>{{cite book |last1=Mamdani |first1=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and Class Formation in Uganda |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=9780853453789}}</ref> * ''Imperialism and Fascism in Uganda'' (1984)<ref>{{cite book |last1=Mamdan |first1=Mohamad |date=1984 |title=Imperialism and Fascism in Uganda |publisher=Africa World Press |isbn=9780865430297}}</ref> * ''Academic Freedom in Africa'' (1994) * ''[[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism]]'' (1996)<ref>{{cite book |last1=Mamdani |first1=Mahmood |date=1996 |title=Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism |publisher=Princeton University Press |isbn=9780691027937}}</ref> * ''When Victims Become Killers: Colonialism, Nativism and Genocide in Rwanda'' (2001)<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=28 January 2020 |title=When Victims Become Killers |publisher=Princeton University Press |isbn=978-0-691-19383-0 |language=en |doi=10.1515/9780691193830}}</ref> * ''Understanding the Crisis in Kivu''<ref>{{Cite web |title=African Books Collective: Understanding the Crisis in Kivu |url=https://www.africanbookscollective.com/books/understanding-the-crisis-in-kivu |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=www.africanbookscollective.com}}</ref> * ''Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: America, the Cold War and the Roots of Terror'' (2004)<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2002 |title=Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: A Political Perspective on Culture and Terrorism |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/3567254 |journal=American Anthropologist |volume=104 |issue=3 |pages=766–775 |doi=10.1525/aa.2002.104.3.766 |issn=0002-7294 |jstor=3567254 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> * ''Scholars in the Marketplace. The Dilemmas of Neo-Liberal Reform at Makerere University, 1989–2005'' (2007)<ref>{{cite book |last1=Mamdani |first1=Mahmood |date=2007 |title=Scholars in the Marketplace. The Dilemmas of Neo-Liberal Reform at Makerere University, 1989-2005 |publisher=Codesria |isbn=9782869782013}}</ref> * ''[https://www.codesria.org/spip.php?article1292 Saviors and Survivors: Darfur, Politics, and the War on Terror]'' (2009)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Saviors and Survivors by Mahmood Mamdani: 9780385525961 {{!}} PenguinRandomHouse.com: Books |url=https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/106771/saviors-and-survivors-by-mahmood-mamdani/ |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=PenguinRandomhouse.com |language=en-US}}</ref> * ''Define and Rule: Native as Political Identity'' (The W.E.B. DuBois Lectures) (2012)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Define and Rule — Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.hup.harvard.edu/catalog.php?isbn=9780674050525 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=Harvard University Press |language=en}}</ref> * ''[[:en:Neither_Settler_nor_Native|Neither Settler nor Native: The Making and Unmaking of Permanent Minorities]]'' (2020) * ''Slow Poison: Idi Amin, Yoweri Museveni, and the Making of the Ugandan State'' (2025) == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 31d73hl3pjcnwolcb7xzuiws10thub1 48725 48722 2026-05-03T10:57:02Z Charles Kalanzi 9748 48725 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mahmood Mamdani''' [ a ] FBA (yazaalibwa 23 Ogwokuna 1946) munnayuganda [[:en:Anthropologist|omukugu mu by'enkula y'abantu]], munnaby'anjigiriza, era omukugu mu by'obufuzi. Ye Herbert Lehman Pulofeesa wa Gavumenti era pulofeesa w’ensonga z'ekikula ky'abantu, [[:en:Political_science|ssaayansi w’ebyobufuzi]], n’okunoonyereza [[:en:African_studies|ku nsoma y'Afirika]] mu [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]] . Era akola nga Ccansala wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda, era nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa ku Center for African Studis mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y'e Cape Town]] . Emabegako yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole kya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. Mamdani mukugu mu kusoma ebyobufuzi bya Afrika n’ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw’amatwale]] n’oluvannyuma [[:en:Postcolonialism|lw'obufuzi bw’amatwale]], n’ebyobufuzi [[:en:Knowledge_economy|by’ebyenfuna]] . Mufumbo nga mukazi we ye [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]] omuzannyi wa firimu . Ye ne Nair be bazadde ba [[:en:New_York_City_Mayor|Meeya w'ekibuga New York]] [[Zohran Mamdani]] . == Obuto bwe n’okusoma == Mahmood Mamdani yazaalibwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1946 mu [[:en:Bombay|kibuga Bombay]] (kati Mumbai), Buyindi, ng’ebula omwaka gumu [[:en:British_Raj|enfuga ya Bungereza]] ekome. <ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/education/news/mahmood-mamdani-education-and-career-path-how-zohran-mamdanis-father-built-a-legacy-of-revolution-through-ideas-and-exile/articleshow/122064130.cms "Mahmood Mamdani education and career path: How Zohran Mamdani's father built a legacy of revolution through ideas and exile"]. ''The Times of India''. 25 June 2025. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN&nbsp;]][https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-8257 0971-825]7. Retrieved 13 July 2025.</ref> <ref name="codesria">{{Cite web |title=Pr. Mahmood Mamdani (1998-2002) |url=https://codesria.org/pr-mahmood-mamdani-1998-2002/ |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> Yakulira mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=23 February 2021 |title=Mahmood Mamdani on Uganda |url=https://africasacountry.com/2011/04/mamdani-on-uganda |website=Africa is a Country}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Permanent Minorities and the Politics of Survivors: A conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://worldpeacefoundation.org/blog/permanent-minorities-and-the-politics-of-survivors-a-conversation-with-mahmood-mamdani/ |website=World Peace Foundation}}</ref> ng'omu ku [[:en:Indian_diaspora_in_Southeast_Africa|Bayindi ababundabunda mu bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba bwa Afrika]] . Bazadde be bombi, [[:en:Gujarati_Muslim|basiraamu Abagujarati]], baazaalibwa era ne bakulira mu kitundu kya Bungereza eky'amatwale ki [[:en:Tanganyika_Territory|Tanganyika]] (leero Tanzania). Abafumbo bano baagenda e Bombay olwo kitaawe n’asomerayo mu ttendekero ekkulu. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Chen |first=Kuan-Hsing |last2=Gao |first2=Shiming |last3=Tang |first3=Xiaolin |date=2016 |title=The formation of an African intellectual: an interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |journal=Inter-Asia Cultural Studies |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=456–480 |doi=10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref>Muhoozi, Mourice (6 March 2022). [https://www.watchdoguganda.com/news/20220306/131449/meet-ugandas-most-iconic-academician-prof-mahmood-mamdani.html "Meet Uganda's most Iconic academician, Prof. Mahmood Mamdani"]. ''Watchdog Uganda''</ref> Famire yaddayo e [[:en:Dar_es_Salaam|Dar es Salaam]], Tanganyika, nga Mamdani wa myaka ebiri, ne bagenda e Uganda nga wa myaka etaano oba mukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Mu kiseera ekyo, Uganda yali yayawulwamu okusinziira ku mawanga, omuli abantu gye babeera, amasomero, emizikiti, n’ebifo abaana we bazannyira. Okusoma kwe mu pulayimale, Mamdani yasooka kugenda mu [[:en:Madrasa|madarasa]], n’oluvannyuma mu Government Indian Primary School. <ref name=":8"/> Yakula ng'ayogera [[:en:Gujarati_language|Olugujarati]], [[:en:Urdu|Oluurdu]] [[:en:Swahili_language|n'Oluswayiri]] . Yatandika okusoma Olungereza mu kibiina eky’omukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Oluvannyuma lw’okusoma siniya ey’awansi, yasomera ku Old Kampala Senior Secondary School, gye yali omuwandiisi w’ekibiina kya Do-it-Yourself Physics. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uganda: Buganda And Uganda At Crossroads |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090826030635/http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |archive-date=26 August 2009 |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=AllAfrica}}</ref> Mamdani yali omu ku bayizi Bannayuganda 23 abaali mu kibiina kya [[:en:The_Kennedy_Airlift|Kennedy Airlift]] mu 1963, enteekateeka ya sikaala eyaweebwa ssente okuva mu Amerika eyaleetera ebikumi n’ebikumi by'abayizi okuva mu [[:en:East_Africa|Buvanjuba bwa Afrika]] okusomera ku yunivasite mu Amerika ne Canada wakati wa 1959 ne 1963. <ref name="indian tele">{{Cite web |last=Sen |first=Manjula |date=25 January 2009 |title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |archive-date=2 February 2009 |access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref> Mamdani yatikkirwa diguli ya Bachelor of Arts okuva mu [[:en:University_of_Pittsburgh|Yunivasite y’e Pittsburgh]] <ref name="codesria"/> mu 1967. <ref>{{Cite book |date=1 January 2010 |title=International Encyclopedia of Civil Society |url=https://link.springer.com/referencework/10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |vauthors=((Anheier, H. K.)), ((Toepler, S.)) |publisher=Springer US |isbn=978-0-387-93994-0 |editor-last=Anheier |editor-first=Helmut K. |doi=10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |editor-last2=Toepler |editor-first2=Stefan}}</ref> Yali omu ku bayizi abangi mu bukiikakkono bwa Amerika abaali mu lugendo lwa bbaasi mu bukiikaddyo okutuuka e [[:en:Montgomery,_Alabama|Montgomery, Alabama]], olwategekebwa [[:en:Student_Nonviolent_Coordinating_Committee|akakiiko akakwasaganya abayizi abatali ba ffujjo]] mu Gwokusatu 1965 okwetaba mu kaweefube w'okulwanirira [[:en:Civil_rights_movement|eddembe ly’obuntu]] . Kino kyaliwo mu kiseera ky’okutambula okuva e [[:en:Selma_to_Montgomery_marches|Selma okutuuka e Montgomery]], naye nga kyo kya njawulo. Yasibibwa mu kkomera mu kutambula kuno era n’akkirizibwa okukuba essimu. Mamdani yakubira [[:en:Embassy_of_Uganda,_Washington,_D.C.|omubaka wa Uganda]] e [[:en:Washington,_DC|Washington, DC]], amuyambe. Omubaka yamubuuza lwaki "ayingirira ensonga z'omunda mu nsi engwira", n'amuddamu nti teyali nsonga ya munda wabula olutalo lw'eddembe era nti nabo eddembe lyabwe baali bakalifuna omwaka ogwakaggwa. <ref name="pambazuka">{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=28 April 2007 |title=The Asian question again: A reflection |url=http://www.pambazuka.org/en/category/comment/41273 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]] (Uganda) |via=pambazuka.org}}</ref> Amangu ddala nga wayiseewo akaseera katono, Mamdani yategeera ku mulimu gwa [[:en:Karl_Marx|Karl Marx]] okuva mu kukyala kwe ku FBI. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Shringarpure |first=Bhakti |author-link=Bhakti Shringarpure |date=15 July 2013 |title=In Conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.warscapes.com/conversations/conversation-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=6 November 2017 |website=Warscapes |language=en |quote=I thought the guy Marx had just died. […] So that was my introduction to Karl Marx.}}</ref> Yasomera ku [[:en:Fletcher_School_of_Law_and_Diplomacy|Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy]] mu [[:en:Tufts_University|Yunivasite ya Tufts]] era mu 1968 yatikkirwa diguli ya Master of Arts mu [[:en:Political_science|byobufuzi]] ne Master of Arts mu mateeka ne diplomacy mu 1969. Yafuna diguli ye [[:en:Doctor_of_philosophy|eyookusatu]] mu gavumenti okuva mu [[:en:Harvard_University|Yunivasite y'e Harvard]] mu 1974, wansi w’obulagirizi bwa [[:en:Karl_Deutsch|Karl Deutsch]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and class formation in Uganda |url=http://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=978-0-85345-378-9 |location=New York |via=Internet Archive}}</ref> Omulamwa kw'eyatambuliza ddiguli ye eyookusatu yagiwa omutwe "''Politics and Class Formation in Uganda."'' <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and Class Formation in Uganda |url=https://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=0-85345-378-0 |location=New York |oclc=2073894 |url-access=registration}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Allen |first=Judith Van |last2=Mamdani |first2=Mahmood |last3=Shivji |first3=Issa G. |date=November 1977 |title=Reviewed Works: Politics and Class Formation in Uganda. by Mahmood Mamdani; Class Struggles in Tanzania. by Issa G. Shivji |journal=Contemporary Sociology |publisher=American Sociological Association |volume=6 |issue=6 |pages=702 |doi=10.2307/2066367 |issn=0094-3061 |eissn=1939-8638 |jstor=2066367}}</ref> == Emirimu gye == Mamdani yakomawo mu Uganda ku ntandikwa ya 1972 era naweebwa omulimu ku [[Makerere University, Uganda|yunivasite y'e Makerere]] mu Kampala [[:en:Teaching_assistant|ng'ayambako omusomesa]], mu kiseera kye kimu yali akola ku kunoonyereza kwe okwa ddiguli eyookusatu. . Ye n’Abaasia abasinga obungi [[:en:Expulsion_of_Asians_from_Uganda|baagobebwa]] mu Uganda ku nkomerero y’omwaka ogwo [[Idi Amin]] olw’amawanga gaabwe; Amin yali agenderera "kuzzaawo" bizinensi n'ebintu. Mamdani yava mu Uganda n’agenda mu nkambi y’ababundabunda mu Bungereza ku ntandikwa y'omwezi Gwekkuminoogumu. <ref name="lrb2022">{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2022-10-06 |title=The Asian Question |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v44/n19/mahmood-mamdani/the-asian-question |journal=[[London Review of Books]] |language=en |volume=44 |issue=19 |issn=0260-9592 |access-date=2025-09-08}}</ref> Yava e Bungereza mu makkati ga 1973 oluvannyuma lw’okuyingizibwa mu [[:en:University_of_Dar_es_Salaam|Yunivasite y’e Dar es Salaam]] mu Tanzania. <ref name="pambazuka"/> <ref name="cas2018">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> <ref name="bio2">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> Mu Dar es Salaam, yamaliriza okuwandiika dissertation ye. Yali mujjumbize nnyo n’ebibiina ebiwakanya Amin. Mu 1979, yeetaba mu Ttabamiruka w’e Moshi ng’omutunuulizi. Yaddayo mu Uganda oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa ku bukulembeze oluvannyuma lw'olutalo lwa [[Olutalo lwa Uganda ne Tanzania|Uganda ne Tanzania]] mu 1979. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McCormack |first=Pete |date=17 October 2005 |title=Interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.petemccormack.com/interview_mamdani_001.htm |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=petemccormack.com}}</ref> <ref name="bio2" /> Mu kiseera kino, yakozesebwa ng'omutendeke mu kibiina kya [[:en:All_Africa_Conference_of_Churches|All Africa Conference of Churches]], omukago [[:en:Ecumenical_Christian|gw'Abakristaayo ogw'ensi yonna]] ogusangibwa e [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, ng'akolera mu ofiisi [[:en:Church_of_Uganda|y'Ekkanisa ya Uganda]] mu Kampala. <ref name="lrb2022"/> Okuva mu 1980 (oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa mu ntebe mu 1979) okutuuka mu 1993 yaddamu okukolera yunivasite y’e Makerere. <ref name="bio2"/> <ref name="lrb2022"/>​[[Milton Obote|​]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kagolo |first=Francis |date=8 February 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani to be honoured among Africa's best |url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/628869-prof-mamdani-to-be-honoured-among-africa-s-best.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]]}}</ref> Yaddayo e Dar es Salaam. Oluvannyuma lwa Obote okugobwa mu ntebe omulundi ogwokubiri, Mamdani yaddamu okudda mu Uganda mu Gwomukaaga 1986. <ref name="indian tele"/> Yali dayirekita eyatandikawo ekitongole kya Centre for Basic Research (CBR), ekitongole kya Uganda ekitali kya gavumenti ekyasooka mu kunoonyereza, mwe yaweereza okuva mu 1987 okutuuka mu 1996. <ref name="diaspora">{{Cite web |date=29 November 2012 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012 |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=ugandandiaspora.com}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> <ref name="csds">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Yaliko pulofeesa omugenyi ku [[:en:University_of_Durban-Westville|Yunivasite y’e Durban]] - [[:en:Westville,_KwaZulu-Natal|Westville]] mu South Africa (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka mu Gwomukaaga 1993), ku [[:en:Nehru_Memorial_Museum_&_Library|Nehru Memorial Museum & Library]] e New Delhi (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka Gwomukaaga 1995), ne mu [[:en:Princeton_University|Yunivasite y'e Princeton]] (1995–96). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vance |first=Dara |date=2015-11-20 |title=UK Committee on Social Theory Hosts Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://uknow.uky.edu/uk-happenings/uk-committee-social-theory-hosts-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=UKNow}}</ref> Mu 1996, yalondebwa okubeera omukulembeze w’entebe ya [[:en:Archibald_Campbell_Jordan|AC Jordan]] ey'ensoma y'Afirika mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y’e Cape Town]], <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 March 2011 |title=UCT in war over 'bantu education' |url=http://mg.co.za/article/2011-03-11-uct-in-war-over-bantu-education |access-date=22 March 2013}}</ref> era ku ntandikwa ya 1997 n’afuuka akulira [[:en:Centre_for_African_Studies|ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku by'ensoma y'Afirika]] (CAS). <ref name="uwn2018">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> Yavaawo oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obutakkaanya n'abasomesa (abasinga obungi abazungu) ku bbago ly'ensoma ye ey'omusomo ogw'omusingi ku Afrika oguyitibwa "Problematising Africa". <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=June 1, 1998 |title=Is African studies to be turned into a new home for Bantu education at UCT? |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/02533959808458649 |journal=Social Dynamics |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=63–75 |doi=10.1080/02533959808458649 |issn=0253-3952 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> Mamdani, eyalaga nti ensoma eriwo eya " [[:en:Bantu_Education_Act,_1953|Bantu studies]] " (mu kujjuliza ku kusomesa Abaddugavu wansi w'enfuga [[:en:Apartheid|y'obusosoze]] ) <ref name="cas2018" /> yayimirizibwa era okukkakkana ng'alekulidde. <ref name="davis2017">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> "Ensonga ya Mamdani" ekyayogerwako mu kukubaganya ebirowoozo ku [[:en:Decolonization_of_higher_education_in_South_Africa|kununula amatendekero aga waggulu okuva mu nsoma y'abamatwale]] . Oluvannyuma yagamba nti teyalina busungu ku muntu yenna, era yalina enkolagana ennungi ekiseera kye yamalayo. Yagamba nti obutakwatagana bwali ku njawulo mu ndowooza n'addala ensengeka y’ensoma ku bikwata ku kusoma South Africa ng’ensi ya Afrika. Oluvannyuma (2018) yakomezebwawo nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa asuutibwa. [ b ] <ref name="uwn2018" /> Mu 1999, Mamdani yalondebwa okuba dayirekita w’ekitongole ekikola ku by’okunoonyereza ku Afirika mu yunivasite ya Columbia, ekifo kye yalina okutuusa mu 2004. <ref name="uwn2018"/> Okuva olwo abadde asomesa eyo (nga 2025). <ref name="haag2025">{{Cite web |last=Haag |first=Matthew |last2=Goldberg |first2=Emma |date=27 June 2025 |title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |archive-date=7 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku mbeera z’abantu ekya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=18 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University]] |archive-date=2 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002055113/http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Agaba |first=John |title=Mamdani talks about his research legacy and work at Makerere |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20220329112608625 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="bio2"/> Okutuuka mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2025 [[:en:Columbia_University#Academics|pulofeesa wa Herbert Lehman mu Gavumenti]] era pulofeesa ku nkula y'abantu, okusoma saayansi w'ebyobufuzi [[:en:African_studies|n'okusoma ku Afirika]] ku [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]].<ref name="bio2" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Faculty Bio: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/anthropology/fac-bios/mamdani/faculty.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Era akola nga chancellor wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://kiu.ac.ug/news-page.php?i=press-release-kampala-international-university-kiu-appoints-prof-mahmood-mamdani-as-chancellor |access-date=24 August 2020 |publisher=[[Kampala International University]]}}</ref> == Okunoonyereza n'okuwandiika == Mamdani yeemalira mu kunoonyereza ku byobufuzi bya Afirika n'eby'ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw'amatwale]] [[:en:Postcolonialism|n'oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale]], n'ebyobufuzi by'ebyenfuna. Ebitabo bye byekenneenya enkolagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'ebyobuwangwa, okugeraageranya [[:en:Colonialism|okufugibwa kw'amatwale]] okuva mu 1452, ebyafaayo by'entalo z'omunda [[:en:Genocide|n'ekitta bantu]] mu Afirika, [[:en:Cold_War|Olutalo olw'Ensi Yonna olw'ebigambo]] [[:en:War_on_terror|n'olutalo ku butujju]], n'ebyafaayo by'eddembe ly'obuntu.<ref>vSneh, Itai Nartzizenfield (2008). [https://books.google.com/books?id=iax4AAAAMAAJ ''The Future Almost Arrived: How Jimmy Carter Failed to Change U.S. Foreign Policy''.] [[:en:Peter_Lang_(publishing_company)|Peter Lang]]. p. 169. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780820481852|9780820481852]]</bdi>.</ref> Okunoonyereza kwe okw'omwaka 2016 kwatandikira ku kitabo kye eky'omwaka 1996, [[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]. <ref>[http://polisci.columbia.edu/people/profile/96 "Mahmood Mamdani | Department of Political Science"]. ''polisci.columbia.edu''. Retrieved 21 January 2016.</ref>Mu kitabo ekyo, yagamba nti eggwanga eryafugibwa terisobola kutegeerwa nga tewekenenyeza bulungi eggwanga eryalifuga.Enkola y'obufuzi bw'amatwale mu Afirika yali eddamu okusoomoozebwa kw'ekibuuzo "ekikulu", era yagamba nti yafuuka "amawanga agaabuluziddwamu".<ref name=":0">Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. pp. 15–16. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|<bdi>9780852553992</bdi>.]]</ref>Kino kyali kikolebwa mu ngeri bbiri: ku ludda olumu nga bafuga butereevu, nga kino kyali kikolwa kya "buyinza" era nga kyali kigenderera okuggya abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo ku ddembe ly'obuntu eryali liweebwa abatuuze mu bitundu ebirala, ate ku ludda olulala nga bafuga mu ngeri etali y'abuteerevu, nga kino kyali kikolebwa mu byalo era nga kizingiramu okuyingiza "bannansi" mu "mateeka g'eggwanga" agaateekebwawo ab'obuyinza mu byalo, era nga kino yakiyita "obwannakyemalira obw'okugabanya obuyinza".<ref name=":0" /> Embeera eno yali "yakusika muguwa" era ng'erimu "engeri bbiri ez'obuyinza wansi w'obuyinza obumu".<ref name=":0" /> Oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale, ebibuga byali tebikyayawulamu bantu lwa langi naye ebyalo byali bikyafugibwa abakulembeze abaali mu nkwawa z'abafuzi b'amatwale, ka babe abakulembeze ab'ennono oba b'ebali bakwasizzaobuyinza nga balina ebiruubirirwa by'okufugisa omukono ogw'ekyuma.<ref>Clapham, Chris (1997). "Review: Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism by Mahmood Mamdani'". ''Royal Institute of International Affairs''. '''73''': 606.</ref>Mu ngeri eno obukulembeze bwonna bwaleeta enjawukana mu mawnga era n'ekutondawo obukulembeze bwabwe obw'enjawulo obwannakyemalira.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref> Mamdani yekennenya ebyafaayo mu South Africa ne Uganda okulaga nti obufuzi bw'amatwale bwakozesa obuyinza obuyitiridde era obuyinza obwo bweyongera okubaawo oluvannyuma lw'ameefuga.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. p. 37. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref>Ng’asomooza endowooza eza bulijjo ku busosoze mu South Afrika nga ez’enjawulo, agamba nti [[:en:Apartheid|obusosoze mu mawanga]] bwali ngeri ya bulijjo ey’ettwale lya Bulaaya mu Africa, nga lizingiramu ensonga [[:en:Indirect_rule|z’obufuzi obutali butereevu]] n’okukwatagana<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1 January 1996 |title=Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism |isbn=9780852553992 |pages=16–18}}</ref> Mu kitabo kye ekyafulumizibwa mu 2004 ekya ''Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: America, the Cold War, and the Roots of Terror'' Mamdani yagamba nti [[:en:Suicide_attack|abeetuze]] balina okumanyibwa "ng'ekika ky'omujaasi" era nti balina "okutegeerwa mu ngeri y'effujjo ly'ebyobufuzi ery'omulembe guno okusinga okuvumwavumwa ng'akabonero k'obukambwe". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bickerton |first=James |date=2025-07-11 |title=Zohran Mamdani's father's remark about suicide bombers comes under scrutiny |url=https://www.newsweek.com/zohran-mamdani-father-remark-about-suicide-bombers-comes-under-scrutiny-2097793 |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref> Omuyivu omu yagamba nti kino si kuwagira kwettisa bbomu wabula kwekenneenya okwanenya '"okusalawo kwa Amerika ku nkola y'ensonga z'ebweru naddala mu kiseera ky'olutalo olw'ebigambo", okutondawo embeera [[:en:Islamic_extremism|y'Obusiraamu obw'annalukalala]] [[:en:Political_violence|n'effujjo mu byobufuzi]] " mwe byakulaakulanira. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Murray |first=Conor |date=Jul 11, 2025 |title=Mahmood Mamdani's Work Does Not Advocate Violence, Expert Says |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/conormurray/2025/07/11/sequoias-maguire-unfairly-targets-zohran-mamdanis-father-fellow-academic-says/ |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko bye bifulumiddde mu ''[[:en:London_Review_of_Books|London Review of Books]]'' n'ekampuni ezifulumya ebitabo ebirala.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/contributors/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=London Review of Books |language=en-GB}}</ref> Okusinziira ku CAS, ebiwandiiko bya Mamdani "bibadde bikulu mu kusomebwa abayizi abali ku misomo gyabwe egya undergraduate ne Postgraduate ku UCT ssaako n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo ku nsoma y'ebyafaayo n'ebyobufuzi bya Afirika , nga banonyereza ku nkwatagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'obuwangwa, okugerageranya obufuzi bw'amatwale, entalo ez'omunda mu ggwanga n'ekittabantu mu Afirika".<ref name="uwn20182">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> == Emirimu gy'emirala == Okuva mu 1998 <ref name="bio22">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> oba 1999 okutuuka mu 2002, Mamdani yaweereza nga pulezidenti w'olukiiko olukulaakulanya okunoonyereza ku ssaayansi w'embeera z'abantu mu Afrika ([[:en:Council_for_the_Development_of_Social_Science_Research_in_Africa|Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa]]). <ref name="cas20182">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumineebiri 2001, yawa okwogera ku "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" mu lukungaana lwa [[:en:Nobel_Prize|Nobel Centennial Symposium]] e [[:en:Oslo|Oslo]], Norway. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 December 2001 |title=Speech by Dr. Mahmood Mamdani: "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/mediaplayer/index.php?id=1281 |access-date=24 March 2013 |publisher=Nobel Prize}}</ref> Mu Gwomwenda 2006, Mamdani yali omu ku boogezi abaayitibwa mu lukuŋŋaana lw’ekibiina kya [[:en:Ugandan_North_American_Association_(UNAA)|Uganda North American Association (UNAA)]] mu kibuga New York. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2006-09-05 |title=UNAA Convention was disorganised! |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/news/1141390/unaa-convention-disorganised |access-date=2026-02-18 |publisher=New Vision (Kampala)}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano 2011, mu kiseera ky'okwekalakaasa okwali mu kibangirizi kya Tahrir([[:en:Tahrir_Square_protests|Tahrir Square protests]]) mu kibuga [[:en:Cairo|Cairo]], Misiri, Mamdani yayitibwa okwogerako mu [[:en:American_University_of_Cairo|Yunivasite y’Amerika e Cairo]]. Ng’ayogera eri abayizi mu [[:en:University_of_KwaZulu-Natal|yunivasite y’e KwaZulu-Natal]] mu South Africa mu 2012, kino yakigeraageranya n’obwegugungo obwaliwo mu Soweto ([[:en:1976_Soweto_uprising|Soweto Uprising]]) mu 1976 . <ref name="kwazulu2012">{{Cite web |date=24 April 2012 |title=Address on Receiving an Honorary Doctorate at the University of Kwazulu Natal |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/mesaas/images/faculty/news/Mamdani%20commencement.pdf |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumi 2011, Mamdani (nga bali wamu ne Rhoda Ann Kanaaneh) y'eyali omwogezi omukulu mu lukungaana lw’eggwanga olwasooka olw’abayizi olwa [[:en:Students_for_Justice_in_Palestine|Students for Justice in Palestine]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Silver |first=Carly |date=2011-10-16 |title=Reporting live from the first-ever SJP National Conference |url=https://newvoices.org/2011/10/15/reporting-live-from-the-first-ever-sjp-national-conference/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=New Voices |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nathan-Kazis |first=Josh |date=2011-10-11 |title=Pro-Palestinian Student Activists Plan First National Conference |url=https://forward.com/news/144173/pro-palestinian-student-activists-plan-push/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=The Forward |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2017 yayitibwa okuwa omusomo ku lunaku lwa [[:en:TB_Davie_Memorial_Lecture|TB Davie Memorial]] ku ddembe ly'okusoma mu Yunivasite y'e Cape Town, era emboozi ye, eyatuumibwa "Decolonising the Post-Colonial University" yaleetawo okukubaganya ebirowoozo kungi. <ref name="uwn20183">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="davis20172">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> Okuva mu Gwekkumineebiri 2017 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2018, Mamdani yaweereza nga Rajni Kothari Chair Professor mu [[:en:Centre_for_the_Study_of_Developing_Societies|Center for the Study of Developing Societies]] mu [[:en:Delhi|Delhi,]] Buyindi. Oluvannyuma lw'ekisanja kye okuggwako, nga 4 Ogwokuna 2018 yawa omusomo gwa Rajni Kothari Chair ogutegekebwa buli mwaka, ogwatuumibwa "Okulowooza ku bwenkanya okuyita mu bumanyirivu bw'Afirika mu kyasa eky'amakumi abiri". <ref name="csds2">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Alabikidde mu firimu z’ebyafaayo ng’omukugu okugeza, ''[[:en:Rwanda:_The_Untold_Story|Rwanda: The Untold Story]]'' (2014, [[:en:BBC|BBC]] ), ''The Dictator’s Playbook'' (2018, [[:en:PBS|PBS]] ) ne ''[[:en:How_to_Become_a_Tyrant|How to Become a Tyrant]]'' (2021, [[:en:Netflix|Netflix]]). <ref>{{Cite AV media|url=https://www.pbs.org/video/idi-amin-3ol3rz/|title=The Dictator's Playbook {{!}} Idi Amin {{!}} Episode 6|language=en|publisher=[[PBS]]|via=}}</ref> Yalabikira mu firimu ya [[:en:Cameo_appearance|cameo]] ,mu firimu ya 2012 ''eya [[:en:The_Reluctant_Fundamentalist_(film)|The Reluctant Fundamentalist]]'', eyakulemberwamu mukyala we. <ref>{{Cite AV media|title=[[The Reluctant Fundamentalist]]|date=2012|last=Nair|first=Mira|publisher=[[IFC Films]]}}</ref> Mu 2024, yeegatta ku [[:en:Gaza_tribunal|Gaza Tribunal]], eyagenderera "okuzuukusa ebibiina by'obwannakyewa ku buvunaanyizibwa bwabyo n'okukomya ekittabantu kya Yisirayiri mu Gaza." <ref>{{Cite web |title=Home |url=https://gazatribunal.com/ |access-date=2025-12-07 |website=Gaza Tribunal |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title='Gaza Tribunal' established in London to seek justice for war crimes in Gaza |url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/europe/-gaza-tribunal-established-in-london-to-seek-justice-for-war-crimes-in-gaza/3383887 |access-date=2026-01-07 |website=www.aa.com.tr}}</ref> == Okusiimibwa == Mu 2008, mu kunoonyereza okwakolebwa ku mutimbagano mu lwatu, Mamdani yalondebwa ng'owomwenda ku bantu abagezi abasinga mu nsi yonna ku lukalala lw'abagezigezi 100 okuva mu ''[[:en:Prospect_(magazine)|Prospect Magazine]]'' (UK) ne ''[[:en:Foreign_Policy|Foreign Policy]]'' (US). <ref>{{Cite web |date=2008 |title=The 2008 List |url=http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/prospect-100-intellectuals/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090930143349/http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/prospect-100-intellectuals/ |archive-date=30 September 2009 |publisher=[[Prospect (magazine)|Prospect Magazine]] (UK) / [[Foreign Policy]] (US)}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |date=2008 |title=The World's Top 20 Public Intellectuals |journal=Foreign Policy |publisher=Slate Group, LLC |issue=167 |pages=54–57 |issn=0015-7228 |eissn=1945-2276 |jstor=25462318}}</ref> Mu Gwomusanvu 2017, Mamdani yalondebwa okubeera [[:en:Corresponding_Fellow_of_the_British_Academy|Omukwanaganya wa British Academy (FBA)]], ettendekero ly’eggwanga erya Bungereza erikola ku by’obuntubulamu ne ssaayansi w’embeera z’abantu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 July 2017 |title=Elections to the British Academy celebrate the diversity of UK research |url=http://www.britac.ac.uk/news/elections-british-academy-celebrate-diversity-uk-research |access-date=29 July 2017 |website=British Academy}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano nga 28, 2018 ( [[:en:Africa_Day|Africa Day]] ), Mamdani yalondebwa okuba pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa mu Center for African Studies mu Yunivasite y’e Cape Town. Dayirekita wa CAS [[:en:Lungisile_Ntsebeza|Lungisile Ntsebeza]], okulondebwa kuno yakuyita kwa "byafaayo mu bitongole", era nga kikulu mu nteekateeka y'okufuna obwetwaze bwa yunivasite m okuva mu kwekalakaasa kw'abayizi okwa " [[:en:Rhodes_Must_Fall|Rhodes Must Fall]] " mu Gwokusatu 2015. Abakulembeze b'abayizi bangi baali balaze obukulu bwa Ssikaala ya Mamdani, era okusinziira ku kino, UCT yandibadde ekola enkyukakyuka ez'omuggundu ku ntegeka y'ensoma. <ref name="uwn20184">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="cas20183">{{Cite web|title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT|website=Centre for African Studies, UCT|date=28 May 2018|url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-date=7 November 2025|url-status=live|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Prof Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/contacts/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041546/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/contacts/mahmood-mamdani |archive-date=4 Oct 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Faculty of Humanities}}</ref> === Engule n’okusunsulwa === * 1997: [[:en:Herskovits_Prize|Herskovits Prize]] for ''[[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]''<ref name="cas20184">{{cite web |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT|website=Centre for African Studies, UCT|date=28 May 2018|url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-date=7 November 2025|url-status=live|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> * 1999: [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|University of Cape Town]] Book Award for ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism''<ref>{{cite web |title=UCT Book Award |url=https://www.uct.ac.za/about/honours/bookaward/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130404065845/http://www.uct.ac.za/about/honours/bookaward/ |archive-date=4 April 2013 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[University of Cape Town]]}}</ref> * 2009: GDS Eminent Scholar Award from the [[:en:International_Studies_Association|International Studies Association]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=GDS Eminent Scholar Award Past Recipients |url=https://www.isanet.org/Programs/Awards/GDS-Eminent-Scholar/Past-Recipients |access-date=16 January 2019 |website=www.isanet.org}}</ref> * 2011: [[:en:H._F._Lenfest|Lenfest]] Distinguished Faculty Award<ref>{{cite web |date=15 April 2011 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani Recognized with Lenfest Award |url=http://www.sipa.columbia.edu/news_events/announcements/MahmoodMamdaniFacultyAward04152011.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121221034143/http://sipa.columbia.edu/news_events/announcements/MahmoodMamdaniFacultyAward04152011.html |archive-date=21 December 2012 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[School of International and Public Affairs, Columbia University]]}}</ref> * 2012: Scholar of the Year at the 2nd Annual African Diaspora Awards for his immense contribution to African Scholarship<ref>{{cite web |date=19 November 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani Is To Be Honored As "Scholar of the Year" At The Annual African Diaspora Awards NYC |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/news/prof-mamdani-be-honored-scholar-year-annual-african-diaspora-awards-nyc |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University|MISR]]}}</ref> * 2012: Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012<ref name="diaspora2">{{cite web |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora|title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012|date=29 November 2012|publisher=ugandandiaspora.com|access-date=21 March 2013|archive-date=1 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora|url-status=dead}}</ref> * 2021: ''[[:en:Neither_Settler_Nor_Native:_The_Making_and_Unmaking_of_Permanent_Minorities|Neither Settler Nor Native: The Making and Unmaking of Permanent Minorities]]'' (2020), shortlisted for the [[:en:British_Academy_Book_Prize_for_Global_Cultural_Understanding|British Academy Book Prize for Global Cultural Understanding]], and as "World History Finalist" by Association of American Publishers Awards for Professional and Scholarly Excellence ([[:en:PROSE_Awards|PROSE Awards]])<ref name="bio23">{{cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani|website=Department of Anthropology|url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> === Diguli ez’ekitiibwa === * 25 Ogwokutaano 2010: [[:en:University_of_Johannesburg|University of Johannesburg]], [[:en:DLitt|DLitt]] ([[:en:Honoris_Causa|Honoris Causa]])<ref>{{cite web |date=May 2010 |title=Mahmood Mamdani conferred with an honorary doctorate |url=http://www.uj.ac.za/EN/Newsroom/News/Pages/MahmoodMamdaniconferredwithanhonorarydoctorate201006222.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130421210222/http://www.uj.ac.za/EN/Newsroom/News/Pages/MahmoodMamdaniconferredwithanhonorarydoctorate201006222.aspx |archive-date=21 April 2013 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[University of Johannesburg]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=25 May 2010 |title=Speech delivered by Professor Prof Mahmood Mamdani at the University of Johannesburg, South Africa |url=http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech-2.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501065506/http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech-2.pdf |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[CODESRIA]]}}</ref> * 24 Ogwomusanvu 2010: [[:en:Addis_Ababa_University|Addis Ababa University]], DLitt (Honoris Causa)<ref>{{cite web |date=24 July 2010 |title=Remarks on receipt of Honorary Doctorate at Addis Ababa University |url=http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech_2-2.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501065507/http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech_2-2.pdf |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[CODESRIA]]}}</ref> * 24 Ogwokuna 2012: [[:en:University_of_KwaZulu-Natal|University of KwaZulu-Natal]], DLitt (Honoris Causa)<ref>{{cite web |date=12 April 2012 |title=Media Statement: UKZN To honour leading South Africans and women graduates excel |url=http://www.ukzn.ac.za/docs/media-releases/graduation-2012.docx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305015502/http://www.ukzn.ac.za/docs/media-releases/graduation-2012.docx |archive-date=5 March 2016 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[University of KwaZulu-Natal]] |format=[[MS Word]]}}</ref><ref name="kwazulu20122">{{cite web |date=24 April 2012 |title=Address on Receiving an Honorary Doctorate at the University of Kwazulu Natal |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/mesaas/images/faculty/news/Mamdani%20commencement.pdf |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> == Obulamu bwe ng'omuntu == Mamdani yawasa [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]], dayirekita wa firimu era pulodyusa Omuyindi ng’abeera mu Amerika, mu 1991. Baasooka kusisinkana mu [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, n’oluvannyuma ne baddamu mu Kampala, Uganda, mu 1989 Nair bwe yali akola okunoonyereza ku firimu ye, ''[[Mississippi Masala]]'' . <ref name="lahr2002">{{cite interview|first=Mira|last=Nair|interviewer-last=Lahr|interviewer-first=John|title=Whirlwind|website=[[The New Yorker]]|date=2 December 2002|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|url-access=subscription|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141022030926/http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|archive-date=22 October 2014|url-status=live|quote=Published in the print edition of the December 9, 2002, issue.}}</ref> <ref name="indian tele2">{{Cite web|url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp|url-status=dead|archive-date=2 February 2009|title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly|last=Sen|first=Manjula|date=25 January 2009|access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref>Baagattibwa mu 1991. Mu 2025 Mamdani ne Nair babeera mu kitundu kya [[:en:Morningside_Heights|Morningside Heights]] mu [[:en:Manhattan|Manhattan]], okumpi ne Yunivaasite y'e Columbia. <ref name="haag20252">{{Cite web|last=Haag|first=Matthew|last2=Goldberg|first2=Emma|title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics|website=[[The New York Times]]|date=27 June 2025|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html|archive-date=7 October 2025|url-status=live|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news}}</ref> Omwana wa Mamdani ne Nair omu yekka, [[Zohran Mamdani]], yazaalibwa mu Kampala mu 1991. Mu 1996 famire ye yasengukira e [[:en:Cape_Town|Cape Town]], South Africa, Mamdani okutwala omulimu gw’okukulira enteekateeka y’okusoma eby'Afirika mu Yunivasite y’e Cape Town, era n’abeerayo okumala emyaka nga esatu. <ref name="lahr20022">{{cite interview|first=Mira|last=Nair|interviewer-last=Lahr|interviewer-first=John|title=Whirlwind|website=[[The New Yorker]]|date=2 December 2002|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|url-access=subscription|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141022030926/http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|archive-date=22 October 2014|url-status=live|quote=Published in the print edition of the December 9, 2002, issue.}}</ref> Nga mu mwaka gwa 1999 baagenda mu Amerika ne basenga mu New York. <ref name="lahr20023">{{cite interview|first=Mira|last=Nair|interviewer-last=Lahr|interviewer-first=John|title=Whirlwind|website=[[The New Yorker]]|date=2 December 2002|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|url-access=subscription|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141022030926/http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|archive-date=22 October 2014|url-status=live|quote=Published in the print edition of the December 9, 2002, issue.}}</ref> Zohran yafuuka munnabyabufuzi era abadde [[:en:Mayor_of_New_York_City|Meeya w'ekibuga New York]] okuva nga 1 Ogwoluberyeberye 2026, ng'abadde mmemba [[:en:New_York_State_Assembly|w'olukiiko olukulu olw'essaza ly'e New York]] okuva mu 2021 okutuuka mu 2025. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kitunzi |first=Yahudu |date=June 7, 2025 |title=Mamdani's mayoral goal puts Uganda on the map |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/mamdani-s-mayoral-goal-puts-uganda-on-the-map-5072356 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250609023734/https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/mamdani-s-mayoral-goal-puts-uganda-on-the-map-5072356 |archive-date=June 9, 2025 |access-date=June 7, 2025 |website=[[Daily Monitor|Monitor]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Muhumuza |first=Rodney |date=3 November 2025 |title=In Uganda, where Zohran Mamdani was born, NYC mayoral hopeful is recalled with pride |url=https://apnews.com/article/uganda-zohran-mamdani-mayor-election-new-york-d41260eeef2438498a3aa04118fbd2df |access-date=5 November 2025 |website=[[AP News]] |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news}}</ref> Kampeyini ze ez'obwameeya zawagirwa bazadde be. <ref name="haag20253">{{Cite web|last=Haag|first=Matthew|last2=Goldberg|first2=Emma|title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics|website=[[The New York Times]]|date=27 June 2025|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html|archive-date=7 October 2025|url-status=live|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> == Ebyawandiikibwako == === Ebitabo === * ''The Myth of Population Control: Family, Class and Caste in an Indian Village'' (1972) * ''From Citizen to Refugee: Ugandan Asians Come to Britain'' (1973)<ref>{{cite book |last1=Mamdani |first1=Mahmood |date=2011 |title=From Citizen to Refugee: Uganda Asians Come to Britain |publisher=Pambazuka Press |isbn=9781906387570 |edition=Second}}</ref> * ''Politics and Class Formation in Uganda'' (1976)<ref>{{cite book |last1=Mamdani |first1=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and Class Formation in Uganda |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=9780853453789}}</ref> * ''Imperialism and Fascism in Uganda'' (1984)<ref>{{cite book |last1=Mamdan |first1=Mohamad |date=1984 |title=Imperialism and Fascism in Uganda |publisher=Africa World Press |isbn=9780865430297}}</ref> * ''Academic Freedom in Africa'' (1994) * ''[[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism]]'' (1996)<ref>{{cite book |last1=Mamdani |first1=Mahmood |date=1996 |title=Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism |publisher=Princeton University Press |isbn=9780691027937}}</ref> * ''When Victims Become Killers: Colonialism, Nativism and Genocide in Rwanda'' (2001)<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=28 January 2020 |title=When Victims Become Killers |publisher=Princeton University Press |isbn=978-0-691-19383-0 |language=en |doi=10.1515/9780691193830}}</ref> * ''Understanding the Crisis in Kivu''<ref>{{Cite web |title=African Books Collective: Understanding the Crisis in Kivu |url=https://www.africanbookscollective.com/books/understanding-the-crisis-in-kivu |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=www.africanbookscollective.com}}</ref> * ''Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: America, the Cold War and the Roots of Terror'' (2004)<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2002 |title=Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: A Political Perspective on Culture and Terrorism |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/3567254 |journal=American Anthropologist |volume=104 |issue=3 |pages=766–775 |doi=10.1525/aa.2002.104.3.766 |issn=0002-7294 |jstor=3567254 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> * ''Scholars in the Marketplace. The Dilemmas of Neo-Liberal Reform at Makerere University, 1989–2005'' (2007)<ref>{{cite book |last1=Mamdani |first1=Mahmood |date=2007 |title=Scholars in the Marketplace. The Dilemmas of Neo-Liberal Reform at Makerere University, 1989-2005 |publisher=Codesria |isbn=9782869782013}}</ref> * ''[https://www.codesria.org/spip.php?article1292 Saviors and Survivors: Darfur, Politics, and the War on Terror]'' (2009)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Saviors and Survivors by Mahmood Mamdani: 9780385525961 {{!}} PenguinRandomHouse.com: Books |url=https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/106771/saviors-and-survivors-by-mahmood-mamdani/ |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=PenguinRandomhouse.com |language=en-US}}</ref> * ''Define and Rule: Native as Political Identity'' (The W.E.B. DuBois Lectures) (2012)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Define and Rule — Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.hup.harvard.edu/catalog.php?isbn=9780674050525 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=Harvard University Press |language=en}}</ref> * ''[[:en:Neither_Settler_nor_Native|Neither Settler nor Native: The Making and Unmaking of Permanent Minorities]]'' (2020) * ''Slow Poison: Idi Amin, Yoweri Museveni, and the Making of the Ugandan State'' (2025) === Obuyiiya obukungaanyiziddwa === * ''Beyond Rights Talk and Culture Talk: Comparative Essays on the Politics of Rights and Culture'' (2000)<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2000 |title=Beyond Rights Talk and Culture Talk: Comparative Essays on the Politics of Rights and Culture |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yqb7wAEACAAJ |publisher=St. Martin's Press |isbn=978-0-312-23498-0 |language=en}}</ref> == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 6owuql4enuvnmp44xu9qnhl3majmgo5 48726 48725 2026-05-03T10:59:01Z Charles Kalanzi 9748 48726 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mahmood Mamdani''' [ a ] FBA (yazaalibwa 23 Ogwokuna 1946) munnayuganda [[:en:Anthropologist|omukugu mu by'enkula y'abantu]], munnaby'anjigiriza, era omukugu mu by'obufuzi. Ye Herbert Lehman Pulofeesa wa Gavumenti era pulofeesa w’ensonga z'ekikula ky'abantu, [[:en:Political_science|ssaayansi w’ebyobufuzi]], n’okunoonyereza [[:en:African_studies|ku nsoma y'Afirika]] mu [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]] . Era akola nga Ccansala wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda, era nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa ku Center for African Studis mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y'e Cape Town]] . Emabegako yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole kya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. Mamdani mukugu mu kusoma ebyobufuzi bya Afrika n’ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw’amatwale]] n’oluvannyuma [[:en:Postcolonialism|lw'obufuzi bw’amatwale]], n’ebyobufuzi [[:en:Knowledge_economy|by’ebyenfuna]] . Mufumbo nga mukazi we ye [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]] omuzannyi wa firimu . Ye ne Nair be bazadde ba [[:en:New_York_City_Mayor|Meeya w'ekibuga New York]] [[Zohran Mamdani]] . == Obuto bwe n’okusoma == Mahmood Mamdani yazaalibwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1946 mu [[:en:Bombay|kibuga Bombay]] (kati Mumbai), Buyindi, ng’ebula omwaka gumu [[:en:British_Raj|enfuga ya Bungereza]] ekome. <ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/education/news/mahmood-mamdani-education-and-career-path-how-zohran-mamdanis-father-built-a-legacy-of-revolution-through-ideas-and-exile/articleshow/122064130.cms "Mahmood Mamdani education and career path: How Zohran Mamdani's father built a legacy of revolution through ideas and exile"]. ''The Times of India''. 25 June 2025. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN&nbsp;]][https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-8257 0971-825]7. Retrieved 13 July 2025.</ref> <ref name="codesria">{{Cite web |title=Pr. Mahmood Mamdani (1998-2002) |url=https://codesria.org/pr-mahmood-mamdani-1998-2002/ |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> Yakulira mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=23 February 2021 |title=Mahmood Mamdani on Uganda |url=https://africasacountry.com/2011/04/mamdani-on-uganda |website=Africa is a Country}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Permanent Minorities and the Politics of Survivors: A conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://worldpeacefoundation.org/blog/permanent-minorities-and-the-politics-of-survivors-a-conversation-with-mahmood-mamdani/ |website=World Peace Foundation}}</ref> ng'omu ku [[:en:Indian_diaspora_in_Southeast_Africa|Bayindi ababundabunda mu bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba bwa Afrika]] . Bazadde be bombi, [[:en:Gujarati_Muslim|basiraamu Abagujarati]], baazaalibwa era ne bakulira mu kitundu kya Bungereza eky'amatwale ki [[:en:Tanganyika_Territory|Tanganyika]] (leero Tanzania). Abafumbo bano baagenda e Bombay olwo kitaawe n’asomerayo mu ttendekero ekkulu. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Chen |first=Kuan-Hsing |last2=Gao |first2=Shiming |last3=Tang |first3=Xiaolin |date=2016 |title=The formation of an African intellectual: an interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |journal=Inter-Asia Cultural Studies |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=456–480 |doi=10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref>Muhoozi, Mourice (6 March 2022). [https://www.watchdoguganda.com/news/20220306/131449/meet-ugandas-most-iconic-academician-prof-mahmood-mamdani.html "Meet Uganda's most Iconic academician, Prof. Mahmood Mamdani"]. ''Watchdog Uganda''</ref> Famire yaddayo e [[:en:Dar_es_Salaam|Dar es Salaam]], Tanganyika, nga Mamdani wa myaka ebiri, ne bagenda e Uganda nga wa myaka etaano oba mukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Mu kiseera ekyo, Uganda yali yayawulwamu okusinziira ku mawanga, omuli abantu gye babeera, amasomero, emizikiti, n’ebifo abaana we bazannyira. Okusoma kwe mu pulayimale, Mamdani yasooka kugenda mu [[:en:Madrasa|madarasa]], n’oluvannyuma mu Government Indian Primary School. <ref name=":8"/> Yakula ng'ayogera [[:en:Gujarati_language|Olugujarati]], [[:en:Urdu|Oluurdu]] [[:en:Swahili_language|n'Oluswayiri]] . Yatandika okusoma Olungereza mu kibiina eky’omukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Oluvannyuma lw’okusoma siniya ey’awansi, yasomera ku Old Kampala Senior Secondary School, gye yali omuwandiisi w’ekibiina kya Do-it-Yourself Physics. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uganda: Buganda And Uganda At Crossroads |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090826030635/http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |archive-date=26 August 2009 |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=AllAfrica}}</ref> Mamdani yali omu ku bayizi Bannayuganda 23 abaali mu kibiina kya [[:en:The_Kennedy_Airlift|Kennedy Airlift]] mu 1963, enteekateeka ya sikaala eyaweebwa ssente okuva mu Amerika eyaleetera ebikumi n’ebikumi by'abayizi okuva mu [[:en:East_Africa|Buvanjuba bwa Afrika]] okusomera ku yunivasite mu Amerika ne Canada wakati wa 1959 ne 1963. <ref name="indian tele">{{Cite web |last=Sen |first=Manjula |date=25 January 2009 |title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |archive-date=2 February 2009 |access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref> Mamdani yatikkirwa diguli ya Bachelor of Arts okuva mu [[:en:University_of_Pittsburgh|Yunivasite y’e Pittsburgh]] <ref name="codesria"/> mu 1967. <ref>{{Cite book |date=1 January 2010 |title=International Encyclopedia of Civil Society |url=https://link.springer.com/referencework/10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |vauthors=((Anheier, H. K.)), ((Toepler, S.)) |publisher=Springer US |isbn=978-0-387-93994-0 |editor-last=Anheier |editor-first=Helmut K. |doi=10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |editor-last2=Toepler |editor-first2=Stefan}}</ref> Yali omu ku bayizi abangi mu bukiikakkono bwa Amerika abaali mu lugendo lwa bbaasi mu bukiikaddyo okutuuka e [[:en:Montgomery,_Alabama|Montgomery, Alabama]], olwategekebwa [[:en:Student_Nonviolent_Coordinating_Committee|akakiiko akakwasaganya abayizi abatali ba ffujjo]] mu Gwokusatu 1965 okwetaba mu kaweefube w'okulwanirira [[:en:Civil_rights_movement|eddembe ly’obuntu]] . Kino kyaliwo mu kiseera ky’okutambula okuva e [[:en:Selma_to_Montgomery_marches|Selma okutuuka e Montgomery]], naye nga kyo kya njawulo. Yasibibwa mu kkomera mu kutambula kuno era n’akkirizibwa okukuba essimu. Mamdani yakubira [[:en:Embassy_of_Uganda,_Washington,_D.C.|omubaka wa Uganda]] e [[:en:Washington,_DC|Washington, DC]], amuyambe. Omubaka yamubuuza lwaki "ayingirira ensonga z'omunda mu nsi engwira", n'amuddamu nti teyali nsonga ya munda wabula olutalo lw'eddembe era nti nabo eddembe lyabwe baali bakalifuna omwaka ogwakaggwa. <ref name="pambazuka">{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=28 April 2007 |title=The Asian question again: A reflection |url=http://www.pambazuka.org/en/category/comment/41273 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]] (Uganda) |via=pambazuka.org}}</ref> Amangu ddala nga wayiseewo akaseera katono, Mamdani yategeera ku mulimu gwa [[:en:Karl_Marx|Karl Marx]] okuva mu kukyala kwe ku FBI. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Shringarpure |first=Bhakti |author-link=Bhakti Shringarpure |date=15 July 2013 |title=In Conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.warscapes.com/conversations/conversation-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=6 November 2017 |website=Warscapes |language=en |quote=I thought the guy Marx had just died. […] So that was my introduction to Karl Marx.}}</ref> Yasomera ku [[:en:Fletcher_School_of_Law_and_Diplomacy|Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy]] mu [[:en:Tufts_University|Yunivasite ya Tufts]] era mu 1968 yatikkirwa diguli ya Master of Arts mu [[:en:Political_science|byobufuzi]] ne Master of Arts mu mateeka ne diplomacy mu 1969. Yafuna diguli ye [[:en:Doctor_of_philosophy|eyookusatu]] mu gavumenti okuva mu [[:en:Harvard_University|Yunivasite y'e Harvard]] mu 1974, wansi w’obulagirizi bwa [[:en:Karl_Deutsch|Karl Deutsch]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and class formation in Uganda |url=http://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=978-0-85345-378-9 |location=New York |via=Internet Archive}}</ref> Omulamwa kw'eyatambuliza ddiguli ye eyookusatu yagiwa omutwe "''Politics and Class Formation in Uganda."'' <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and Class Formation in Uganda |url=https://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=0-85345-378-0 |location=New York |oclc=2073894 |url-access=registration}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Allen |first=Judith Van |last2=Mamdani |first2=Mahmood |last3=Shivji |first3=Issa G. |date=November 1977 |title=Reviewed Works: Politics and Class Formation in Uganda. by Mahmood Mamdani; Class Struggles in Tanzania. by Issa G. Shivji |journal=Contemporary Sociology |publisher=American Sociological Association |volume=6 |issue=6 |pages=702 |doi=10.2307/2066367 |issn=0094-3061 |eissn=1939-8638 |jstor=2066367}}</ref> == Emirimu gye == Mamdani yakomawo mu Uganda ku ntandikwa ya 1972 era naweebwa omulimu ku [[Makerere University, Uganda|yunivasite y'e Makerere]] mu Kampala [[:en:Teaching_assistant|ng'ayambako omusomesa]], mu kiseera kye kimu yali akola ku kunoonyereza kwe okwa ddiguli eyookusatu. . Ye n’Abaasia abasinga obungi [[:en:Expulsion_of_Asians_from_Uganda|baagobebwa]] mu Uganda ku nkomerero y’omwaka ogwo [[Idi Amin]] olw’amawanga gaabwe; Amin yali agenderera "kuzzaawo" bizinensi n'ebintu. Mamdani yava mu Uganda n’agenda mu nkambi y’ababundabunda mu Bungereza ku ntandikwa y'omwezi Gwekkuminoogumu. <ref name="lrb2022">{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2022-10-06 |title=The Asian Question |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v44/n19/mahmood-mamdani/the-asian-question |journal=[[London Review of Books]] |language=en |volume=44 |issue=19 |issn=0260-9592 |access-date=2025-09-08}}</ref> Yava e Bungereza mu makkati ga 1973 oluvannyuma lw’okuyingizibwa mu [[:en:University_of_Dar_es_Salaam|Yunivasite y’e Dar es Salaam]] mu Tanzania. <ref name="pambazuka"/> <ref name="cas2018">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> <ref name="bio2">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> Mu Dar es Salaam, yamaliriza okuwandiika dissertation ye. Yali mujjumbize nnyo n’ebibiina ebiwakanya Amin. Mu 1979, yeetaba mu Ttabamiruka w’e Moshi ng’omutunuulizi. Yaddayo mu Uganda oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa ku bukulembeze oluvannyuma lw'olutalo lwa [[Olutalo lwa Uganda ne Tanzania|Uganda ne Tanzania]] mu 1979. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McCormack |first=Pete |date=17 October 2005 |title=Interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.petemccormack.com/interview_mamdani_001.htm |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=petemccormack.com}}</ref> <ref name="bio2" /> Mu kiseera kino, yakozesebwa ng'omutendeke mu kibiina kya [[:en:All_Africa_Conference_of_Churches|All Africa Conference of Churches]], omukago [[:en:Ecumenical_Christian|gw'Abakristaayo ogw'ensi yonna]] ogusangibwa e [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, ng'akolera mu ofiisi [[:en:Church_of_Uganda|y'Ekkanisa ya Uganda]] mu Kampala. <ref name="lrb2022"/> Okuva mu 1980 (oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa mu ntebe mu 1979) okutuuka mu 1993 yaddamu okukolera yunivasite y’e Makerere. <ref name="bio2"/> <ref name="lrb2022"/>​[[Milton Obote|​]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kagolo |first=Francis |date=8 February 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani to be honoured among Africa's best |url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/628869-prof-mamdani-to-be-honoured-among-africa-s-best.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]]}}</ref> Yaddayo e Dar es Salaam. Oluvannyuma lwa Obote okugobwa mu ntebe omulundi ogwokubiri, Mamdani yaddamu okudda mu Uganda mu Gwomukaaga 1986. <ref name="indian tele"/> Yali dayirekita eyatandikawo ekitongole kya Centre for Basic Research (CBR), ekitongole kya Uganda ekitali kya gavumenti ekyasooka mu kunoonyereza, mwe yaweereza okuva mu 1987 okutuuka mu 1996. <ref name="diaspora">{{Cite web |date=29 November 2012 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012 |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=ugandandiaspora.com}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> <ref name="csds">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Yaliko pulofeesa omugenyi ku [[:en:University_of_Durban-Westville|Yunivasite y’e Durban]] - [[:en:Westville,_KwaZulu-Natal|Westville]] mu South Africa (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka mu Gwomukaaga 1993), ku [[:en:Nehru_Memorial_Museum_&_Library|Nehru Memorial Museum & Library]] e New Delhi (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka Gwomukaaga 1995), ne mu [[:en:Princeton_University|Yunivasite y'e Princeton]] (1995–96). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vance |first=Dara |date=2015-11-20 |title=UK Committee on Social Theory Hosts Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://uknow.uky.edu/uk-happenings/uk-committee-social-theory-hosts-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=UKNow}}</ref> Mu 1996, yalondebwa okubeera omukulembeze w’entebe ya [[:en:Archibald_Campbell_Jordan|AC Jordan]] ey'ensoma y'Afirika mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y’e Cape Town]], <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 March 2011 |title=UCT in war over 'bantu education' |url=http://mg.co.za/article/2011-03-11-uct-in-war-over-bantu-education |access-date=22 March 2013}}</ref> era ku ntandikwa ya 1997 n’afuuka akulira [[:en:Centre_for_African_Studies|ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku by'ensoma y'Afirika]] (CAS). <ref name="uwn2018">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> Yavaawo oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obutakkaanya n'abasomesa (abasinga obungi abazungu) ku bbago ly'ensoma ye ey'omusomo ogw'omusingi ku Afrika oguyitibwa "Problematising Africa". <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=June 1, 1998 |title=Is African studies to be turned into a new home for Bantu education at UCT? |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/02533959808458649 |journal=Social Dynamics |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=63–75 |doi=10.1080/02533959808458649 |issn=0253-3952 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> Mamdani, eyalaga nti ensoma eriwo eya " [[:en:Bantu_Education_Act,_1953|Bantu studies]] " (mu kujjuliza ku kusomesa Abaddugavu wansi w'enfuga [[:en:Apartheid|y'obusosoze]] ) <ref name="cas2018" /> yayimirizibwa era okukkakkana ng'alekulidde. <ref name="davis2017">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> "Ensonga ya Mamdani" ekyayogerwako mu kukubaganya ebirowoozo ku [[:en:Decolonization_of_higher_education_in_South_Africa|kununula amatendekero aga waggulu okuva mu nsoma y'abamatwale]] . Oluvannyuma yagamba nti teyalina busungu ku muntu yenna, era yalina enkolagana ennungi ekiseera kye yamalayo. Yagamba nti obutakwatagana bwali ku njawulo mu ndowooza n'addala ensengeka y’ensoma ku bikwata ku kusoma South Africa ng’ensi ya Afrika. Oluvannyuma (2018) yakomezebwawo nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa asuutibwa. [ b ] <ref name="uwn2018" /> Mu 1999, Mamdani yalondebwa okuba dayirekita w’ekitongole ekikola ku by’okunoonyereza ku Afirika mu yunivasite ya Columbia, ekifo kye yalina okutuusa mu 2004. <ref name="uwn2018"/> Okuva olwo abadde asomesa eyo (nga 2025). <ref name="haag2025">{{Cite web |last=Haag |first=Matthew |last2=Goldberg |first2=Emma |date=27 June 2025 |title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |archive-date=7 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku mbeera z’abantu ekya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=18 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University]] |archive-date=2 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002055113/http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Agaba |first=John |title=Mamdani talks about his research legacy and work at Makerere |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20220329112608625 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="bio2"/> Okutuuka mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2025 [[:en:Columbia_University#Academics|pulofeesa wa Herbert Lehman mu Gavumenti]] era pulofeesa ku nkula y'abantu, okusoma saayansi w'ebyobufuzi [[:en:African_studies|n'okusoma ku Afirika]] ku [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]].<ref name="bio2" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Faculty Bio: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/anthropology/fac-bios/mamdani/faculty.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Era akola nga chancellor wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://kiu.ac.ug/news-page.php?i=press-release-kampala-international-university-kiu-appoints-prof-mahmood-mamdani-as-chancellor |access-date=24 August 2020 |publisher=[[Kampala International University]]}}</ref> == Okunoonyereza n'okuwandiika == Mamdani yeemalira mu kunoonyereza ku byobufuzi bya Afirika n'eby'ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw'amatwale]] [[:en:Postcolonialism|n'oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale]], n'ebyobufuzi by'ebyenfuna. Ebitabo bye byekenneenya enkolagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'ebyobuwangwa, okugeraageranya [[:en:Colonialism|okufugibwa kw'amatwale]] okuva mu 1452, ebyafaayo by'entalo z'omunda [[:en:Genocide|n'ekitta bantu]] mu Afirika, [[:en:Cold_War|Olutalo olw'Ensi Yonna olw'ebigambo]] [[:en:War_on_terror|n'olutalo ku butujju]], n'ebyafaayo by'eddembe ly'obuntu.<ref>vSneh, Itai Nartzizenfield (2008). [https://books.google.com/books?id=iax4AAAAMAAJ ''The Future Almost Arrived: How Jimmy Carter Failed to Change U.S. Foreign Policy''.] [[:en:Peter_Lang_(publishing_company)|Peter Lang]]. p. 169. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780820481852|9780820481852]]</bdi>.</ref> Okunoonyereza kwe okw'omwaka 2016 kwatandikira ku kitabo kye eky'omwaka 1996, [[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]. <ref>[http://polisci.columbia.edu/people/profile/96 "Mahmood Mamdani | Department of Political Science"]. ''polisci.columbia.edu''. Retrieved 21 January 2016.</ref>Mu kitabo ekyo, yagamba nti eggwanga eryafugibwa terisobola kutegeerwa nga tewekenenyeza bulungi eggwanga eryalifuga.Enkola y'obufuzi bw'amatwale mu Afirika yali eddamu okusoomoozebwa kw'ekibuuzo "ekikulu", era yagamba nti yafuuka "amawanga agaabuluziddwamu".<ref name=":0">Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. pp. 15–16. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|<bdi>9780852553992</bdi>.]]</ref>Kino kyali kikolebwa mu ngeri bbiri: ku ludda olumu nga bafuga butereevu, nga kino kyali kikolwa kya "buyinza" era nga kyali kigenderera okuggya abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo ku ddembe ly'obuntu eryali liweebwa abatuuze mu bitundu ebirala, ate ku ludda olulala nga bafuga mu ngeri etali y'abuteerevu, nga kino kyali kikolebwa mu byalo era nga kizingiramu okuyingiza "bannansi" mu "mateeka g'eggwanga" agaateekebwawo ab'obuyinza mu byalo, era nga kino yakiyita "obwannakyemalira obw'okugabanya obuyinza".<ref name=":0" /> Embeera eno yali "yakusika muguwa" era ng'erimu "engeri bbiri ez'obuyinza wansi w'obuyinza obumu".<ref name=":0" /> Oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale, ebibuga byali tebikyayawulamu bantu lwa langi naye ebyalo byali bikyafugibwa abakulembeze abaali mu nkwawa z'abafuzi b'amatwale, ka babe abakulembeze ab'ennono oba b'ebali bakwasizzaobuyinza nga balina ebiruubirirwa by'okufugisa omukono ogw'ekyuma.<ref>Clapham, Chris (1997). "Review: Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism by Mahmood Mamdani'". ''Royal Institute of International Affairs''. '''73''': 606.</ref>Mu ngeri eno obukulembeze bwonna bwaleeta enjawukana mu mawnga era n'ekutondawo obukulembeze bwabwe obw'enjawulo obwannakyemalira.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref> Mamdani yekennenya ebyafaayo mu South Africa ne Uganda okulaga nti obufuzi bw'amatwale bwakozesa obuyinza obuyitiridde era obuyinza obwo bweyongera okubaawo oluvannyuma lw'ameefuga.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. p. 37. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref>Ng’asomooza endowooza eza bulijjo ku busosoze mu South Afrika nga ez’enjawulo, agamba nti [[:en:Apartheid|obusosoze mu mawanga]] bwali ngeri ya bulijjo ey’ettwale lya Bulaaya mu Africa, nga lizingiramu ensonga [[:en:Indirect_rule|z’obufuzi obutali butereevu]] n’okukwatagana<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1 January 1996 |title=Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism |isbn=9780852553992 |pages=16–18}}</ref> Mu kitabo kye ekyafulumizibwa mu 2004 ekya ''Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: America, the Cold War, and the Roots of Terror'' Mamdani yagamba nti [[:en:Suicide_attack|abeetuze]] balina okumanyibwa "ng'ekika ky'omujaasi" era nti balina "okutegeerwa mu ngeri y'effujjo ly'ebyobufuzi ery'omulembe guno okusinga okuvumwavumwa ng'akabonero k'obukambwe". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bickerton |first=James |date=2025-07-11 |title=Zohran Mamdani's father's remark about suicide bombers comes under scrutiny |url=https://www.newsweek.com/zohran-mamdani-father-remark-about-suicide-bombers-comes-under-scrutiny-2097793 |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref> Omuyivu omu yagamba nti kino si kuwagira kwettisa bbomu wabula kwekenneenya okwanenya '"okusalawo kwa Amerika ku nkola y'ensonga z'ebweru naddala mu kiseera ky'olutalo olw'ebigambo", okutondawo embeera [[:en:Islamic_extremism|y'Obusiraamu obw'annalukalala]] [[:en:Political_violence|n'effujjo mu byobufuzi]] " mwe byakulaakulanira. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Murray |first=Conor |date=Jul 11, 2025 |title=Mahmood Mamdani's Work Does Not Advocate Violence, Expert Says |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/conormurray/2025/07/11/sequoias-maguire-unfairly-targets-zohran-mamdanis-father-fellow-academic-says/ |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko bye bifulumiddde mu ''[[:en:London_Review_of_Books|London Review of Books]]'' n'ekampuni ezifulumya ebitabo ebirala.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/contributors/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=London Review of Books |language=en-GB}}</ref> Okusinziira ku CAS, ebiwandiiko bya Mamdani "bibadde bikulu mu kusomebwa abayizi abali ku misomo gyabwe egya undergraduate ne Postgraduate ku UCT ssaako n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo ku nsoma y'ebyafaayo n'ebyobufuzi bya Afirika , nga banonyereza ku nkwatagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'obuwangwa, okugerageranya obufuzi bw'amatwale, entalo ez'omunda mu ggwanga n'ekittabantu mu Afirika".<ref name="uwn20182">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> == Emirimu gy'emirala == Okuva mu 1998 <ref name="bio22">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> oba 1999 okutuuka mu 2002, Mamdani yaweereza nga pulezidenti w'olukiiko olukulaakulanya okunoonyereza ku ssaayansi w'embeera z'abantu mu Afrika ([[:en:Council_for_the_Development_of_Social_Science_Research_in_Africa|Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa]]). <ref name="cas20182">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumineebiri 2001, yawa okwogera ku "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" mu lukungaana lwa [[:en:Nobel_Prize|Nobel Centennial Symposium]] e [[:en:Oslo|Oslo]], Norway. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 December 2001 |title=Speech by Dr. Mahmood Mamdani: "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/mediaplayer/index.php?id=1281 |access-date=24 March 2013 |publisher=Nobel Prize}}</ref> Mu Gwomwenda 2006, Mamdani yali omu ku boogezi abaayitibwa mu lukuŋŋaana lw’ekibiina kya [[:en:Ugandan_North_American_Association_(UNAA)|Uganda North American Association (UNAA)]] mu kibuga New York. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2006-09-05 |title=UNAA Convention was disorganised! |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/news/1141390/unaa-convention-disorganised |access-date=2026-02-18 |publisher=New Vision (Kampala)}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano 2011, mu kiseera ky'okwekalakaasa okwali mu kibangirizi kya Tahrir([[:en:Tahrir_Square_protests|Tahrir Square protests]]) mu kibuga [[:en:Cairo|Cairo]], Misiri, Mamdani yayitibwa okwogerako mu [[:en:American_University_of_Cairo|Yunivasite y’Amerika e Cairo]]. Ng’ayogera eri abayizi mu [[:en:University_of_KwaZulu-Natal|yunivasite y’e KwaZulu-Natal]] mu South Africa mu 2012, kino yakigeraageranya n’obwegugungo obwaliwo mu Soweto ([[:en:1976_Soweto_uprising|Soweto Uprising]]) mu 1976 . <ref name="kwazulu2012">{{Cite web |date=24 April 2012 |title=Address on Receiving an Honorary Doctorate at the University of Kwazulu Natal |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/mesaas/images/faculty/news/Mamdani%20commencement.pdf |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumi 2011, Mamdani (nga bali wamu ne Rhoda Ann Kanaaneh) y'eyali omwogezi omukulu mu lukungaana lw’eggwanga olwasooka olw’abayizi olwa [[:en:Students_for_Justice_in_Palestine|Students for Justice in Palestine]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Silver |first=Carly |date=2011-10-16 |title=Reporting live from the first-ever SJP National Conference |url=https://newvoices.org/2011/10/15/reporting-live-from-the-first-ever-sjp-national-conference/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=New Voices |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nathan-Kazis |first=Josh |date=2011-10-11 |title=Pro-Palestinian Student Activists Plan First National Conference |url=https://forward.com/news/144173/pro-palestinian-student-activists-plan-push/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=The Forward |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2017 yayitibwa okuwa omusomo ku lunaku lwa [[:en:TB_Davie_Memorial_Lecture|TB Davie Memorial]] ku ddembe ly'okusoma mu Yunivasite y'e Cape Town, era emboozi ye, eyatuumibwa "Decolonising the Post-Colonial University" yaleetawo okukubaganya ebirowoozo kungi. <ref name="uwn20183">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="davis20172">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> Okuva mu Gwekkumineebiri 2017 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2018, Mamdani yaweereza nga Rajni Kothari Chair Professor mu [[:en:Centre_for_the_Study_of_Developing_Societies|Center for the Study of Developing Societies]] mu [[:en:Delhi|Delhi,]] Buyindi. Oluvannyuma lw'ekisanja kye okuggwako, nga 4 Ogwokuna 2018 yawa omusomo gwa Rajni Kothari Chair ogutegekebwa buli mwaka, ogwatuumibwa "Okulowooza ku bwenkanya okuyita mu bumanyirivu bw'Afirika mu kyasa eky'amakumi abiri". <ref name="csds2">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Alabikidde mu firimu z’ebyafaayo ng’omukugu okugeza, ''[[:en:Rwanda:_The_Untold_Story|Rwanda: The Untold Story]]'' (2014, [[:en:BBC|BBC]] ), ''The Dictator’s Playbook'' (2018, [[:en:PBS|PBS]] ) ne ''[[:en:How_to_Become_a_Tyrant|How to Become a Tyrant]]'' (2021, [[:en:Netflix|Netflix]]). <ref>{{Cite AV media|url=https://www.pbs.org/video/idi-amin-3ol3rz/|title=The Dictator's Playbook {{!}} Idi Amin {{!}} Episode 6|language=en|publisher=[[PBS]]|via=}}</ref> Yalabikira mu firimu ya [[:en:Cameo_appearance|cameo]] ,mu firimu ya 2012 ''eya [[:en:The_Reluctant_Fundamentalist_(film)|The Reluctant Fundamentalist]]'', eyakulemberwamu mukyala we. <ref>{{Cite AV media|title=[[The Reluctant Fundamentalist]]|date=2012|last=Nair|first=Mira|publisher=[[IFC Films]]}}</ref> Mu 2024, yeegatta ku [[:en:Gaza_tribunal|Gaza Tribunal]], eyagenderera "okuzuukusa ebibiina by'obwannakyewa ku buvunaanyizibwa bwabyo n'okukomya ekittabantu kya Yisirayiri mu Gaza." <ref>{{Cite web |title=Home |url=https://gazatribunal.com/ |access-date=2025-12-07 |website=Gaza Tribunal |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title='Gaza Tribunal' established in London to seek justice for war crimes in Gaza |url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/europe/-gaza-tribunal-established-in-london-to-seek-justice-for-war-crimes-in-gaza/3383887 |access-date=2026-01-07 |website=www.aa.com.tr}}</ref> == Okusiimibwa == Mu 2008, mu kunoonyereza okwakolebwa ku mutimbagano mu lwatu, Mamdani yalondebwa ng'owomwenda ku bantu abagezi abasinga mu nsi yonna ku lukalala lw'abagezigezi 100 okuva mu ''[[:en:Prospect_(magazine)|Prospect Magazine]]'' (UK) ne ''[[:en:Foreign_Policy|Foreign Policy]]'' (US). <ref>{{Cite web |date=2008 |title=The 2008 List |url=http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/prospect-100-intellectuals/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090930143349/http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/prospect-100-intellectuals/ |archive-date=30 September 2009 |publisher=[[Prospect (magazine)|Prospect Magazine]] (UK) / [[Foreign Policy]] (US)}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |date=2008 |title=The World's Top 20 Public Intellectuals |journal=Foreign Policy |publisher=Slate Group, LLC |issue=167 |pages=54–57 |issn=0015-7228 |eissn=1945-2276 |jstor=25462318}}</ref> Mu Gwomusanvu 2017, Mamdani yalondebwa okubeera [[:en:Corresponding_Fellow_of_the_British_Academy|Omukwanaganya wa British Academy (FBA)]], ettendekero ly’eggwanga erya Bungereza erikola ku by’obuntubulamu ne ssaayansi w’embeera z’abantu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 July 2017 |title=Elections to the British Academy celebrate the diversity of UK research |url=http://www.britac.ac.uk/news/elections-british-academy-celebrate-diversity-uk-research |access-date=29 July 2017 |website=British Academy}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano nga 28, 2018 ( [[:en:Africa_Day|Africa Day]] ), Mamdani yalondebwa okuba pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa mu Center for African Studies mu Yunivasite y’e Cape Town. Dayirekita wa CAS [[:en:Lungisile_Ntsebeza|Lungisile Ntsebeza]], okulondebwa kuno yakuyita kwa "byafaayo mu bitongole", era nga kikulu mu nteekateeka y'okufuna obwetwaze bwa yunivasite m okuva mu kwekalakaasa kw'abayizi okwa " [[:en:Rhodes_Must_Fall|Rhodes Must Fall]] " mu Gwokusatu 2015. Abakulembeze b'abayizi bangi baali balaze obukulu bwa Ssikaala ya Mamdani, era okusinziira ku kino, UCT yandibadde ekola enkyukakyuka ez'omuggundu ku ntegeka y'ensoma. <ref name="uwn20184">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="cas20183">{{Cite web|title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT|website=Centre for African Studies, UCT|date=28 May 2018|url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-date=7 November 2025|url-status=live|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Prof Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/contacts/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041546/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/contacts/mahmood-mamdani |archive-date=4 Oct 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Faculty of Humanities}}</ref> === Engule n’okusunsulwa === * 1997: [[:en:Herskovits_Prize|Herskovits Prize]] for ''[[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]''<ref name="cas20184">{{cite web |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT|website=Centre for African Studies, UCT|date=28 May 2018|url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-date=7 November 2025|url-status=live|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> * 1999: [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|University of Cape Town]] Book Award for ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism''<ref>{{cite web |title=UCT Book Award |url=https://www.uct.ac.za/about/honours/bookaward/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130404065845/http://www.uct.ac.za/about/honours/bookaward/ |archive-date=4 April 2013 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[University of Cape Town]]}}</ref> * 2009: GDS Eminent Scholar Award from the [[:en:International_Studies_Association|International Studies Association]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=GDS Eminent Scholar Award Past Recipients |url=https://www.isanet.org/Programs/Awards/GDS-Eminent-Scholar/Past-Recipients |access-date=16 January 2019 |website=www.isanet.org}}</ref> * 2011: [[:en:H._F._Lenfest|Lenfest]] Distinguished Faculty Award<ref>{{cite web |date=15 April 2011 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani Recognized with Lenfest Award |url=http://www.sipa.columbia.edu/news_events/announcements/MahmoodMamdaniFacultyAward04152011.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121221034143/http://sipa.columbia.edu/news_events/announcements/MahmoodMamdaniFacultyAward04152011.html |archive-date=21 December 2012 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[School of International and Public Affairs, Columbia University]]}}</ref> * 2012: Scholar of the Year at the 2nd Annual African Diaspora Awards for his immense contribution to African Scholarship<ref>{{cite web |date=19 November 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani Is To Be Honored As "Scholar of the Year" At The Annual African Diaspora Awards NYC |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/news/prof-mamdani-be-honored-scholar-year-annual-african-diaspora-awards-nyc |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University|MISR]]}}</ref> * 2012: Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012<ref name="diaspora2">{{cite web |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora|title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012|date=29 November 2012|publisher=ugandandiaspora.com|access-date=21 March 2013|archive-date=1 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora|url-status=dead}}</ref> * 2021: ''[[:en:Neither_Settler_Nor_Native:_The_Making_and_Unmaking_of_Permanent_Minorities|Neither Settler Nor Native: The Making and Unmaking of Permanent Minorities]]'' (2020), shortlisted for the [[:en:British_Academy_Book_Prize_for_Global_Cultural_Understanding|British Academy Book Prize for Global Cultural Understanding]], and as "World History Finalist" by Association of American Publishers Awards for Professional and Scholarly Excellence ([[:en:PROSE_Awards|PROSE Awards]])<ref name="bio23">{{cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani|website=Department of Anthropology|url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> === Diguli ez’ekitiibwa === * 25 Ogwokutaano 2010: [[:en:University_of_Johannesburg|University of Johannesburg]], [[:en:DLitt|DLitt]] ([[:en:Honoris_Causa|Honoris Causa]])<ref>{{cite web |date=May 2010 |title=Mahmood Mamdani conferred with an honorary doctorate |url=http://www.uj.ac.za/EN/Newsroom/News/Pages/MahmoodMamdaniconferredwithanhonorarydoctorate201006222.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130421210222/http://www.uj.ac.za/EN/Newsroom/News/Pages/MahmoodMamdaniconferredwithanhonorarydoctorate201006222.aspx |archive-date=21 April 2013 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[University of Johannesburg]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=25 May 2010 |title=Speech delivered by Professor Prof Mahmood Mamdani at the University of Johannesburg, South Africa |url=http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech-2.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501065506/http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech-2.pdf |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[CODESRIA]]}}</ref> * 24 Ogwomusanvu 2010: [[:en:Addis_Ababa_University|Addis Ababa University]], DLitt (Honoris Causa)<ref>{{cite web |date=24 July 2010 |title=Remarks on receipt of Honorary Doctorate at Addis Ababa University |url=http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech_2-2.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501065507/http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech_2-2.pdf |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[CODESRIA]]}}</ref> * 24 Ogwokuna 2012: [[:en:University_of_KwaZulu-Natal|University of KwaZulu-Natal]], DLitt (Honoris Causa)<ref>{{cite web |date=12 April 2012 |title=Media Statement: UKZN To honour leading South Africans and women graduates excel |url=http://www.ukzn.ac.za/docs/media-releases/graduation-2012.docx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305015502/http://www.ukzn.ac.za/docs/media-releases/graduation-2012.docx |archive-date=5 March 2016 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[University of KwaZulu-Natal]] |format=[[MS Word]]}}</ref><ref name="kwazulu20122">{{cite web |date=24 April 2012 |title=Address on Receiving an Honorary Doctorate at the University of Kwazulu Natal |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/mesaas/images/faculty/news/Mamdani%20commencement.pdf |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> == Obulamu bwe ng'omuntu == Mamdani yawasa [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]], dayirekita wa firimu era pulodyusa Omuyindi ng’abeera mu Amerika, mu 1991. Baasooka kusisinkana mu [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, n’oluvannyuma ne baddamu mu Kampala, Uganda, mu 1989 Nair bwe yali akola okunoonyereza ku firimu ye, ''[[Mississippi Masala]]'' . <ref name="lahr2002">{{cite interview|first=Mira|last=Nair|interviewer-last=Lahr|interviewer-first=John|title=Whirlwind|website=[[The New Yorker]]|date=2 December 2002|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|url-access=subscription|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141022030926/http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|archive-date=22 October 2014|url-status=live|quote=Published in the print edition of the December 9, 2002, issue.}}</ref> <ref name="indian tele2">{{Cite web|url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp|url-status=dead|archive-date=2 February 2009|title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly|last=Sen|first=Manjula|date=25 January 2009|access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref>Baagattibwa mu 1991. Mu 2025 Mamdani ne Nair babeera mu kitundu kya [[:en:Morningside_Heights|Morningside Heights]] mu [[:en:Manhattan|Manhattan]], okumpi ne Yunivaasite y'e Columbia. <ref name="haag20252">{{Cite web|last=Haag|first=Matthew|last2=Goldberg|first2=Emma|title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics|website=[[The New York Times]]|date=27 June 2025|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html|archive-date=7 October 2025|url-status=live|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news}}</ref> Omwana wa Mamdani ne Nair omu yekka, [[Zohran Mamdani]], yazaalibwa mu Kampala mu 1991. Mu 1996 famire ye yasengukira e [[:en:Cape_Town|Cape Town]], South Africa, Mamdani okutwala omulimu gw’okukulira enteekateeka y’okusoma eby'Afirika mu Yunivasite y’e Cape Town, era n’abeerayo okumala emyaka nga esatu. <ref name="lahr20022">{{cite interview|first=Mira|last=Nair|interviewer-last=Lahr|interviewer-first=John|title=Whirlwind|website=[[The New Yorker]]|date=2 December 2002|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|url-access=subscription|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141022030926/http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|archive-date=22 October 2014|url-status=live|quote=Published in the print edition of the December 9, 2002, issue.}}</ref> Nga mu mwaka gwa 1999 baagenda mu Amerika ne basenga mu New York. <ref name="lahr20023">{{cite interview|first=Mira|last=Nair|interviewer-last=Lahr|interviewer-first=John|title=Whirlwind|website=[[The New Yorker]]|date=2 December 2002|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|url-access=subscription|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141022030926/http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|archive-date=22 October 2014|url-status=live|quote=Published in the print edition of the December 9, 2002, issue.}}</ref> Zohran yafuuka munnabyabufuzi era abadde [[:en:Mayor_of_New_York_City|Meeya w'ekibuga New York]] okuva nga 1 Ogwoluberyeberye 2026, ng'abadde mmemba [[:en:New_York_State_Assembly|w'olukiiko olukulu olw'essaza ly'e New York]] okuva mu 2021 okutuuka mu 2025. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kitunzi |first=Yahudu |date=June 7, 2025 |title=Mamdani's mayoral goal puts Uganda on the map |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/mamdani-s-mayoral-goal-puts-uganda-on-the-map-5072356 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250609023734/https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/mamdani-s-mayoral-goal-puts-uganda-on-the-map-5072356 |archive-date=June 9, 2025 |access-date=June 7, 2025 |website=[[Daily Monitor|Monitor]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Muhumuza |first=Rodney |date=3 November 2025 |title=In Uganda, where Zohran Mamdani was born, NYC mayoral hopeful is recalled with pride |url=https://apnews.com/article/uganda-zohran-mamdani-mayor-election-new-york-d41260eeef2438498a3aa04118fbd2df |access-date=5 November 2025 |website=[[AP News]] |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news}}</ref> Kampeyini ze ez'obwameeya zawagirwa bazadde be. <ref name="haag20253">{{Cite web|last=Haag|first=Matthew|last2=Goldberg|first2=Emma|title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics|website=[[The New York Times]]|date=27 June 2025|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html|archive-date=7 October 2025|url-status=live|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> == Ebyawandiikibwako == === Ebitabo === * ''The Myth of Population Control: Family, Class and Caste in an Indian Village'' (1972) * ''From Citizen to Refugee: Ugandan Asians Come to Britain'' (1973)<ref>{{cite book |last1=Mamdani |first1=Mahmood |date=2011 |title=From Citizen to Refugee: Uganda Asians Come to Britain |publisher=Pambazuka Press |isbn=9781906387570 |edition=Second}}</ref> * ''Politics and Class Formation in Uganda'' (1976)<ref>{{cite book |last1=Mamdani |first1=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and Class Formation in Uganda |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=9780853453789}}</ref> * ''Imperialism and Fascism in Uganda'' (1984)<ref>{{cite book |last1=Mamdan |first1=Mohamad |date=1984 |title=Imperialism and Fascism in Uganda |publisher=Africa World Press |isbn=9780865430297}}</ref> * ''Academic Freedom in Africa'' (1994) * ''[[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism]]'' (1996)<ref>{{cite book |last1=Mamdani |first1=Mahmood |date=1996 |title=Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism |publisher=Princeton University Press |isbn=9780691027937}}</ref> * ''When Victims Become Killers: Colonialism, Nativism and Genocide in Rwanda'' (2001)<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=28 January 2020 |title=When Victims Become Killers |publisher=Princeton University Press |isbn=978-0-691-19383-0 |language=en |doi=10.1515/9780691193830}}</ref> * ''Understanding the Crisis in Kivu''<ref>{{Cite web |title=African Books Collective: Understanding the Crisis in Kivu |url=https://www.africanbookscollective.com/books/understanding-the-crisis-in-kivu |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=www.africanbookscollective.com}}</ref> * ''Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: America, the Cold War and the Roots of Terror'' (2004)<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2002 |title=Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: A Political Perspective on Culture and Terrorism |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/3567254 |journal=American Anthropologist |volume=104 |issue=3 |pages=766–775 |doi=10.1525/aa.2002.104.3.766 |issn=0002-7294 |jstor=3567254 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> * ''Scholars in the Marketplace. The Dilemmas of Neo-Liberal Reform at Makerere University, 1989–2005'' (2007)<ref>{{cite book |last1=Mamdani |first1=Mahmood |date=2007 |title=Scholars in the Marketplace. The Dilemmas of Neo-Liberal Reform at Makerere University, 1989-2005 |publisher=Codesria |isbn=9782869782013}}</ref> * ''[https://www.codesria.org/spip.php?article1292 Saviors and Survivors: Darfur, Politics, and the War on Terror]'' (2009)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Saviors and Survivors by Mahmood Mamdani: 9780385525961 {{!}} PenguinRandomHouse.com: Books |url=https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/106771/saviors-and-survivors-by-mahmood-mamdani/ |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=PenguinRandomhouse.com |language=en-US}}</ref> * ''Define and Rule: Native as Political Identity'' (The W.E.B. DuBois Lectures) (2012)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Define and Rule — Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.hup.harvard.edu/catalog.php?isbn=9780674050525 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=Harvard University Press |language=en}}</ref> * ''[[:en:Neither_Settler_nor_Native|Neither Settler nor Native: The Making and Unmaking of Permanent Minorities]]'' (2020) * ''Slow Poison: Idi Amin, Yoweri Museveni, and the Making of the Ugandan State'' (2025) === Emboozi ezikungaanyiziddwa === * ''Beyond Rights Talk and Culture Talk: Comparative Essays on the Politics of Rights and Culture'' (2000)<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2000 |title=Beyond Rights Talk and Culture Talk: Comparative Essays on the Politics of Rights and Culture |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yqb7wAEACAAJ |publisher=St. Martin's Press |isbn=978-0-312-23498-0 |language=en}}</ref> === Ebitabo ebisunsuddwa === * ''Uganda Studies in Labour'' (Codesria Book Series) (1968)<ref>{{Cite web |title=African Books Collective: Uganda Studies in Labour |url=https://www.africanbookscollective.com/books/uganda-studies-in-labour |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=www.africanbookscollective.com}}</ref> == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] hzucmxivv9jgm2cxc0vqugcjg4iprwx 48727 48726 2026-05-03T11:00:20Z Charles Kalanzi 9748 48727 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mahmood Mamdani''' [ a ] FBA (yazaalibwa 23 Ogwokuna 1946) munnayuganda [[:en:Anthropologist|omukugu mu by'enkula y'abantu]], munnaby'anjigiriza, era omukugu mu by'obufuzi. Ye Herbert Lehman Pulofeesa wa Gavumenti era pulofeesa w’ensonga z'ekikula ky'abantu, [[:en:Political_science|ssaayansi w’ebyobufuzi]], n’okunoonyereza [[:en:African_studies|ku nsoma y'Afirika]] mu [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]] . Era akola nga Ccansala wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda, era nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa ku Center for African Studis mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y'e Cape Town]] . Emabegako yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole kya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. Mamdani mukugu mu kusoma ebyobufuzi bya Afrika n’ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw’amatwale]] n’oluvannyuma [[:en:Postcolonialism|lw'obufuzi bw’amatwale]], n’ebyobufuzi [[:en:Knowledge_economy|by’ebyenfuna]] . Mufumbo nga mukazi we ye [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]] omuzannyi wa firimu . Ye ne Nair be bazadde ba [[:en:New_York_City_Mayor|Meeya w'ekibuga New York]] [[Zohran Mamdani]] . == Obuto bwe n’okusoma == Mahmood Mamdani yazaalibwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1946 mu [[:en:Bombay|kibuga Bombay]] (kati Mumbai), Buyindi, ng’ebula omwaka gumu [[:en:British_Raj|enfuga ya Bungereza]] ekome. <ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/education/news/mahmood-mamdani-education-and-career-path-how-zohran-mamdanis-father-built-a-legacy-of-revolution-through-ideas-and-exile/articleshow/122064130.cms "Mahmood Mamdani education and career path: How Zohran Mamdani's father built a legacy of revolution through ideas and exile"]. ''The Times of India''. 25 June 2025. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN&nbsp;]][https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-8257 0971-825]7. Retrieved 13 July 2025.</ref> <ref name="codesria">{{Cite web |title=Pr. Mahmood Mamdani (1998-2002) |url=https://codesria.org/pr-mahmood-mamdani-1998-2002/ |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> Yakulira mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=23 February 2021 |title=Mahmood Mamdani on Uganda |url=https://africasacountry.com/2011/04/mamdani-on-uganda |website=Africa is a Country}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Permanent Minorities and the Politics of Survivors: A conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://worldpeacefoundation.org/blog/permanent-minorities-and-the-politics-of-survivors-a-conversation-with-mahmood-mamdani/ |website=World Peace Foundation}}</ref> ng'omu ku [[:en:Indian_diaspora_in_Southeast_Africa|Bayindi ababundabunda mu bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba bwa Afrika]] . Bazadde be bombi, [[:en:Gujarati_Muslim|basiraamu Abagujarati]], baazaalibwa era ne bakulira mu kitundu kya Bungereza eky'amatwale ki [[:en:Tanganyika_Territory|Tanganyika]] (leero Tanzania). Abafumbo bano baagenda e Bombay olwo kitaawe n’asomerayo mu ttendekero ekkulu. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Chen |first=Kuan-Hsing |last2=Gao |first2=Shiming |last3=Tang |first3=Xiaolin |date=2016 |title=The formation of an African intellectual: an interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |journal=Inter-Asia Cultural Studies |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=456–480 |doi=10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref>Muhoozi, Mourice (6 March 2022). [https://www.watchdoguganda.com/news/20220306/131449/meet-ugandas-most-iconic-academician-prof-mahmood-mamdani.html "Meet Uganda's most Iconic academician, Prof. Mahmood Mamdani"]. ''Watchdog Uganda''</ref> Famire yaddayo e [[:en:Dar_es_Salaam|Dar es Salaam]], Tanganyika, nga Mamdani wa myaka ebiri, ne bagenda e Uganda nga wa myaka etaano oba mukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Mu kiseera ekyo, Uganda yali yayawulwamu okusinziira ku mawanga, omuli abantu gye babeera, amasomero, emizikiti, n’ebifo abaana we bazannyira. Okusoma kwe mu pulayimale, Mamdani yasooka kugenda mu [[:en:Madrasa|madarasa]], n’oluvannyuma mu Government Indian Primary School. <ref name=":8"/> Yakula ng'ayogera [[:en:Gujarati_language|Olugujarati]], [[:en:Urdu|Oluurdu]] [[:en:Swahili_language|n'Oluswayiri]] . Yatandika okusoma Olungereza mu kibiina eky’omukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Oluvannyuma lw’okusoma siniya ey’awansi, yasomera ku Old Kampala Senior Secondary School, gye yali omuwandiisi w’ekibiina kya Do-it-Yourself Physics. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uganda: Buganda And Uganda At Crossroads |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090826030635/http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |archive-date=26 August 2009 |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=AllAfrica}}</ref> Mamdani yali omu ku bayizi Bannayuganda 23 abaali mu kibiina kya [[:en:The_Kennedy_Airlift|Kennedy Airlift]] mu 1963, enteekateeka ya sikaala eyaweebwa ssente okuva mu Amerika eyaleetera ebikumi n’ebikumi by'abayizi okuva mu [[:en:East_Africa|Buvanjuba bwa Afrika]] okusomera ku yunivasite mu Amerika ne Canada wakati wa 1959 ne 1963. <ref name="indian tele">{{Cite web |last=Sen |first=Manjula |date=25 January 2009 |title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |archive-date=2 February 2009 |access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref> Mamdani yatikkirwa diguli ya Bachelor of Arts okuva mu [[:en:University_of_Pittsburgh|Yunivasite y’e Pittsburgh]] <ref name="codesria"/> mu 1967. <ref>{{Cite book |date=1 January 2010 |title=International Encyclopedia of Civil Society |url=https://link.springer.com/referencework/10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |vauthors=((Anheier, H. K.)), ((Toepler, S.)) |publisher=Springer US |isbn=978-0-387-93994-0 |editor-last=Anheier |editor-first=Helmut K. |doi=10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |editor-last2=Toepler |editor-first2=Stefan}}</ref> Yali omu ku bayizi abangi mu bukiikakkono bwa Amerika abaali mu lugendo lwa bbaasi mu bukiikaddyo okutuuka e [[:en:Montgomery,_Alabama|Montgomery, Alabama]], olwategekebwa [[:en:Student_Nonviolent_Coordinating_Committee|akakiiko akakwasaganya abayizi abatali ba ffujjo]] mu Gwokusatu 1965 okwetaba mu kaweefube w'okulwanirira [[:en:Civil_rights_movement|eddembe ly’obuntu]] . Kino kyaliwo mu kiseera ky’okutambula okuva e [[:en:Selma_to_Montgomery_marches|Selma okutuuka e Montgomery]], naye nga kyo kya njawulo. Yasibibwa mu kkomera mu kutambula kuno era n’akkirizibwa okukuba essimu. Mamdani yakubira [[:en:Embassy_of_Uganda,_Washington,_D.C.|omubaka wa Uganda]] e [[:en:Washington,_DC|Washington, DC]], amuyambe. Omubaka yamubuuza lwaki "ayingirira ensonga z'omunda mu nsi engwira", n'amuddamu nti teyali nsonga ya munda wabula olutalo lw'eddembe era nti nabo eddembe lyabwe baali bakalifuna omwaka ogwakaggwa. <ref name="pambazuka">{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=28 April 2007 |title=The Asian question again: A reflection |url=http://www.pambazuka.org/en/category/comment/41273 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]] (Uganda) |via=pambazuka.org}}</ref> Amangu ddala nga wayiseewo akaseera katono, Mamdani yategeera ku mulimu gwa [[:en:Karl_Marx|Karl Marx]] okuva mu kukyala kwe ku FBI. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Shringarpure |first=Bhakti |author-link=Bhakti Shringarpure |date=15 July 2013 |title=In Conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.warscapes.com/conversations/conversation-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=6 November 2017 |website=Warscapes |language=en |quote=I thought the guy Marx had just died. […] So that was my introduction to Karl Marx.}}</ref> Yasomera ku [[:en:Fletcher_School_of_Law_and_Diplomacy|Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy]] mu [[:en:Tufts_University|Yunivasite ya Tufts]] era mu 1968 yatikkirwa diguli ya Master of Arts mu [[:en:Political_science|byobufuzi]] ne Master of Arts mu mateeka ne diplomacy mu 1969. Yafuna diguli ye [[:en:Doctor_of_philosophy|eyookusatu]] mu gavumenti okuva mu [[:en:Harvard_University|Yunivasite y'e Harvard]] mu 1974, wansi w’obulagirizi bwa [[:en:Karl_Deutsch|Karl Deutsch]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and class formation in Uganda |url=http://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=978-0-85345-378-9 |location=New York |via=Internet Archive}}</ref> Omulamwa kw'eyatambuliza ddiguli ye eyookusatu yagiwa omutwe "''Politics and Class Formation in Uganda."'' <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and Class Formation in Uganda |url=https://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=0-85345-378-0 |location=New York |oclc=2073894 |url-access=registration}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Allen |first=Judith Van |last2=Mamdani |first2=Mahmood |last3=Shivji |first3=Issa G. |date=November 1977 |title=Reviewed Works: Politics and Class Formation in Uganda. by Mahmood Mamdani; Class Struggles in Tanzania. by Issa G. Shivji |journal=Contemporary Sociology |publisher=American Sociological Association |volume=6 |issue=6 |pages=702 |doi=10.2307/2066367 |issn=0094-3061 |eissn=1939-8638 |jstor=2066367}}</ref> == Emirimu gye == Mamdani yakomawo mu Uganda ku ntandikwa ya 1972 era naweebwa omulimu ku [[Makerere University, Uganda|yunivasite y'e Makerere]] mu Kampala [[:en:Teaching_assistant|ng'ayambako omusomesa]], mu kiseera kye kimu yali akola ku kunoonyereza kwe okwa ddiguli eyookusatu. . Ye n’Abaasia abasinga obungi [[:en:Expulsion_of_Asians_from_Uganda|baagobebwa]] mu Uganda ku nkomerero y’omwaka ogwo [[Idi Amin]] olw’amawanga gaabwe; Amin yali agenderera "kuzzaawo" bizinensi n'ebintu. Mamdani yava mu Uganda n’agenda mu nkambi y’ababundabunda mu Bungereza ku ntandikwa y'omwezi Gwekkuminoogumu. <ref name="lrb2022">{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2022-10-06 |title=The Asian Question |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v44/n19/mahmood-mamdani/the-asian-question |journal=[[London Review of Books]] |language=en |volume=44 |issue=19 |issn=0260-9592 |access-date=2025-09-08}}</ref> Yava e Bungereza mu makkati ga 1973 oluvannyuma lw’okuyingizibwa mu [[:en:University_of_Dar_es_Salaam|Yunivasite y’e Dar es Salaam]] mu Tanzania. <ref name="pambazuka"/> <ref name="cas2018">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> <ref name="bio2">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> Mu Dar es Salaam, yamaliriza okuwandiika dissertation ye. Yali mujjumbize nnyo n’ebibiina ebiwakanya Amin. Mu 1979, yeetaba mu Ttabamiruka w’e Moshi ng’omutunuulizi. Yaddayo mu Uganda oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa ku bukulembeze oluvannyuma lw'olutalo lwa [[Olutalo lwa Uganda ne Tanzania|Uganda ne Tanzania]] mu 1979. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McCormack |first=Pete |date=17 October 2005 |title=Interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.petemccormack.com/interview_mamdani_001.htm |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=petemccormack.com}}</ref> <ref name="bio2" /> Mu kiseera kino, yakozesebwa ng'omutendeke mu kibiina kya [[:en:All_Africa_Conference_of_Churches|All Africa Conference of Churches]], omukago [[:en:Ecumenical_Christian|gw'Abakristaayo ogw'ensi yonna]] ogusangibwa e [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, ng'akolera mu ofiisi [[:en:Church_of_Uganda|y'Ekkanisa ya Uganda]] mu Kampala. <ref name="lrb2022"/> Okuva mu 1980 (oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa mu ntebe mu 1979) okutuuka mu 1993 yaddamu okukolera yunivasite y’e Makerere. <ref name="bio2"/> <ref name="lrb2022"/>​[[Milton Obote|​]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kagolo |first=Francis |date=8 February 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani to be honoured among Africa's best |url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/628869-prof-mamdani-to-be-honoured-among-africa-s-best.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]]}}</ref> Yaddayo e Dar es Salaam. Oluvannyuma lwa Obote okugobwa mu ntebe omulundi ogwokubiri, Mamdani yaddamu okudda mu Uganda mu Gwomukaaga 1986. <ref name="indian tele"/> Yali dayirekita eyatandikawo ekitongole kya Centre for Basic Research (CBR), ekitongole kya Uganda ekitali kya gavumenti ekyasooka mu kunoonyereza, mwe yaweereza okuva mu 1987 okutuuka mu 1996. <ref name="diaspora">{{Cite web |date=29 November 2012 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012 |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=ugandandiaspora.com}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> <ref name="csds">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Yaliko pulofeesa omugenyi ku [[:en:University_of_Durban-Westville|Yunivasite y’e Durban]] - [[:en:Westville,_KwaZulu-Natal|Westville]] mu South Africa (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka mu Gwomukaaga 1993), ku [[:en:Nehru_Memorial_Museum_&_Library|Nehru Memorial Museum & Library]] e New Delhi (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka Gwomukaaga 1995), ne mu [[:en:Princeton_University|Yunivasite y'e Princeton]] (1995–96). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vance |first=Dara |date=2015-11-20 |title=UK Committee on Social Theory Hosts Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://uknow.uky.edu/uk-happenings/uk-committee-social-theory-hosts-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=UKNow}}</ref> Mu 1996, yalondebwa okubeera omukulembeze w’entebe ya [[:en:Archibald_Campbell_Jordan|AC Jordan]] ey'ensoma y'Afirika mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y’e Cape Town]], <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 March 2011 |title=UCT in war over 'bantu education' |url=http://mg.co.za/article/2011-03-11-uct-in-war-over-bantu-education |access-date=22 March 2013}}</ref> era ku ntandikwa ya 1997 n’afuuka akulira [[:en:Centre_for_African_Studies|ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku by'ensoma y'Afirika]] (CAS). <ref name="uwn2018">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> Yavaawo oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obutakkaanya n'abasomesa (abasinga obungi abazungu) ku bbago ly'ensoma ye ey'omusomo ogw'omusingi ku Afrika oguyitibwa "Problematising Africa". <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=June 1, 1998 |title=Is African studies to be turned into a new home for Bantu education at UCT? |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/02533959808458649 |journal=Social Dynamics |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=63–75 |doi=10.1080/02533959808458649 |issn=0253-3952 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> Mamdani, eyalaga nti ensoma eriwo eya " [[:en:Bantu_Education_Act,_1953|Bantu studies]] " (mu kujjuliza ku kusomesa Abaddugavu wansi w'enfuga [[:en:Apartheid|y'obusosoze]] ) <ref name="cas2018" /> yayimirizibwa era okukkakkana ng'alekulidde. <ref name="davis2017">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> "Ensonga ya Mamdani" ekyayogerwako mu kukubaganya ebirowoozo ku [[:en:Decolonization_of_higher_education_in_South_Africa|kununula amatendekero aga waggulu okuva mu nsoma y'abamatwale]] . Oluvannyuma yagamba nti teyalina busungu ku muntu yenna, era yalina enkolagana ennungi ekiseera kye yamalayo. Yagamba nti obutakwatagana bwali ku njawulo mu ndowooza n'addala ensengeka y’ensoma ku bikwata ku kusoma South Africa ng’ensi ya Afrika. Oluvannyuma (2018) yakomezebwawo nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa asuutibwa. [ b ] <ref name="uwn2018" /> Mu 1999, Mamdani yalondebwa okuba dayirekita w’ekitongole ekikola ku by’okunoonyereza ku Afirika mu yunivasite ya Columbia, ekifo kye yalina okutuusa mu 2004. <ref name="uwn2018"/> Okuva olwo abadde asomesa eyo (nga 2025). <ref name="haag2025">{{Cite web |last=Haag |first=Matthew |last2=Goldberg |first2=Emma |date=27 June 2025 |title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |archive-date=7 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku mbeera z’abantu ekya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=18 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University]] |archive-date=2 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002055113/http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Agaba |first=John |title=Mamdani talks about his research legacy and work at Makerere |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20220329112608625 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="bio2"/> Okutuuka mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2025 [[:en:Columbia_University#Academics|pulofeesa wa Herbert Lehman mu Gavumenti]] era pulofeesa ku nkula y'abantu, okusoma saayansi w'ebyobufuzi [[:en:African_studies|n'okusoma ku Afirika]] ku [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]].<ref name="bio2" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Faculty Bio: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/anthropology/fac-bios/mamdani/faculty.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Era akola nga chancellor wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://kiu.ac.ug/news-page.php?i=press-release-kampala-international-university-kiu-appoints-prof-mahmood-mamdani-as-chancellor |access-date=24 August 2020 |publisher=[[Kampala International University]]}}</ref> == Okunoonyereza n'okuwandiika == Mamdani yeemalira mu kunoonyereza ku byobufuzi bya Afirika n'eby'ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw'amatwale]] [[:en:Postcolonialism|n'oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale]], n'ebyobufuzi by'ebyenfuna. Ebitabo bye byekenneenya enkolagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'ebyobuwangwa, okugeraageranya [[:en:Colonialism|okufugibwa kw'amatwale]] okuva mu 1452, ebyafaayo by'entalo z'omunda [[:en:Genocide|n'ekitta bantu]] mu Afirika, [[:en:Cold_War|Olutalo olw'Ensi Yonna olw'ebigambo]] [[:en:War_on_terror|n'olutalo ku butujju]], n'ebyafaayo by'eddembe ly'obuntu.<ref>vSneh, Itai Nartzizenfield (2008). [https://books.google.com/books?id=iax4AAAAMAAJ ''The Future Almost Arrived: How Jimmy Carter Failed to Change U.S. Foreign Policy''.] [[:en:Peter_Lang_(publishing_company)|Peter Lang]]. p. 169. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780820481852|9780820481852]]</bdi>.</ref> Okunoonyereza kwe okw'omwaka 2016 kwatandikira ku kitabo kye eky'omwaka 1996, [[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]. <ref>[http://polisci.columbia.edu/people/profile/96 "Mahmood Mamdani | Department of Political Science"]. ''polisci.columbia.edu''. Retrieved 21 January 2016.</ref>Mu kitabo ekyo, yagamba nti eggwanga eryafugibwa terisobola kutegeerwa nga tewekenenyeza bulungi eggwanga eryalifuga.Enkola y'obufuzi bw'amatwale mu Afirika yali eddamu okusoomoozebwa kw'ekibuuzo "ekikulu", era yagamba nti yafuuka "amawanga agaabuluziddwamu".<ref name=":0">Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. pp. 15–16. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|<bdi>9780852553992</bdi>.]]</ref>Kino kyali kikolebwa mu ngeri bbiri: ku ludda olumu nga bafuga butereevu, nga kino kyali kikolwa kya "buyinza" era nga kyali kigenderera okuggya abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo ku ddembe ly'obuntu eryali liweebwa abatuuze mu bitundu ebirala, ate ku ludda olulala nga bafuga mu ngeri etali y'abuteerevu, nga kino kyali kikolebwa mu byalo era nga kizingiramu okuyingiza "bannansi" mu "mateeka g'eggwanga" agaateekebwawo ab'obuyinza mu byalo, era nga kino yakiyita "obwannakyemalira obw'okugabanya obuyinza".<ref name=":0" /> Embeera eno yali "yakusika muguwa" era ng'erimu "engeri bbiri ez'obuyinza wansi w'obuyinza obumu".<ref name=":0" /> Oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale, ebibuga byali tebikyayawulamu bantu lwa langi naye ebyalo byali bikyafugibwa abakulembeze abaali mu nkwawa z'abafuzi b'amatwale, ka babe abakulembeze ab'ennono oba b'ebali bakwasizzaobuyinza nga balina ebiruubirirwa by'okufugisa omukono ogw'ekyuma.<ref>Clapham, Chris (1997). "Review: Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism by Mahmood Mamdani'". ''Royal Institute of International Affairs''. '''73''': 606.</ref>Mu ngeri eno obukulembeze bwonna bwaleeta enjawukana mu mawnga era n'ekutondawo obukulembeze bwabwe obw'enjawulo obwannakyemalira.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref> Mamdani yekennenya ebyafaayo mu South Africa ne Uganda okulaga nti obufuzi bw'amatwale bwakozesa obuyinza obuyitiridde era obuyinza obwo bweyongera okubaawo oluvannyuma lw'ameefuga.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. p. 37. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref>Ng’asomooza endowooza eza bulijjo ku busosoze mu South Afrika nga ez’enjawulo, agamba nti [[:en:Apartheid|obusosoze mu mawanga]] bwali ngeri ya bulijjo ey’ettwale lya Bulaaya mu Africa, nga lizingiramu ensonga [[:en:Indirect_rule|z’obufuzi obutali butereevu]] n’okukwatagana<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1 January 1996 |title=Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism |isbn=9780852553992 |pages=16–18}}</ref> Mu kitabo kye ekyafulumizibwa mu 2004 ekya ''Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: America, the Cold War, and the Roots of Terror'' Mamdani yagamba nti [[:en:Suicide_attack|abeetuze]] balina okumanyibwa "ng'ekika ky'omujaasi" era nti balina "okutegeerwa mu ngeri y'effujjo ly'ebyobufuzi ery'omulembe guno okusinga okuvumwavumwa ng'akabonero k'obukambwe". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bickerton |first=James |date=2025-07-11 |title=Zohran Mamdani's father's remark about suicide bombers comes under scrutiny |url=https://www.newsweek.com/zohran-mamdani-father-remark-about-suicide-bombers-comes-under-scrutiny-2097793 |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref> Omuyivu omu yagamba nti kino si kuwagira kwettisa bbomu wabula kwekenneenya okwanenya '"okusalawo kwa Amerika ku nkola y'ensonga z'ebweru naddala mu kiseera ky'olutalo olw'ebigambo", okutondawo embeera [[:en:Islamic_extremism|y'Obusiraamu obw'annalukalala]] [[:en:Political_violence|n'effujjo mu byobufuzi]] " mwe byakulaakulanira. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Murray |first=Conor |date=Jul 11, 2025 |title=Mahmood Mamdani's Work Does Not Advocate Violence, Expert Says |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/conormurray/2025/07/11/sequoias-maguire-unfairly-targets-zohran-mamdanis-father-fellow-academic-says/ |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko bye bifulumiddde mu ''[[:en:London_Review_of_Books|London Review of Books]]'' n'ekampuni ezifulumya ebitabo ebirala.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/contributors/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=London Review of Books |language=en-GB}}</ref> Okusinziira ku CAS, ebiwandiiko bya Mamdani "bibadde bikulu mu kusomebwa abayizi abali ku misomo gyabwe egya undergraduate ne Postgraduate ku UCT ssaako n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo ku nsoma y'ebyafaayo n'ebyobufuzi bya Afirika , nga banonyereza ku nkwatagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'obuwangwa, okugerageranya obufuzi bw'amatwale, entalo ez'omunda mu ggwanga n'ekittabantu mu Afirika".<ref name="uwn20182">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> == Emirimu gy'emirala == Okuva mu 1998 <ref name="bio22">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> oba 1999 okutuuka mu 2002, Mamdani yaweereza nga pulezidenti w'olukiiko olukulaakulanya okunoonyereza ku ssaayansi w'embeera z'abantu mu Afrika ([[:en:Council_for_the_Development_of_Social_Science_Research_in_Africa|Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa]]). <ref name="cas20182">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumineebiri 2001, yawa okwogera ku "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" mu lukungaana lwa [[:en:Nobel_Prize|Nobel Centennial Symposium]] e [[:en:Oslo|Oslo]], Norway. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 December 2001 |title=Speech by Dr. Mahmood Mamdani: "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/mediaplayer/index.php?id=1281 |access-date=24 March 2013 |publisher=Nobel Prize}}</ref> Mu Gwomwenda 2006, Mamdani yali omu ku boogezi abaayitibwa mu lukuŋŋaana lw’ekibiina kya [[:en:Ugandan_North_American_Association_(UNAA)|Uganda North American Association (UNAA)]] mu kibuga New York. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2006-09-05 |title=UNAA Convention was disorganised! |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/news/1141390/unaa-convention-disorganised |access-date=2026-02-18 |publisher=New Vision (Kampala)}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano 2011, mu kiseera ky'okwekalakaasa okwali mu kibangirizi kya Tahrir([[:en:Tahrir_Square_protests|Tahrir Square protests]]) mu kibuga [[:en:Cairo|Cairo]], Misiri, Mamdani yayitibwa okwogerako mu [[:en:American_University_of_Cairo|Yunivasite y’Amerika e Cairo]]. Ng’ayogera eri abayizi mu [[:en:University_of_KwaZulu-Natal|yunivasite y’e KwaZulu-Natal]] mu South Africa mu 2012, kino yakigeraageranya n’obwegugungo obwaliwo mu Soweto ([[:en:1976_Soweto_uprising|Soweto Uprising]]) mu 1976 . <ref name="kwazulu2012">{{Cite web |date=24 April 2012 |title=Address on Receiving an Honorary Doctorate at the University of Kwazulu Natal |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/mesaas/images/faculty/news/Mamdani%20commencement.pdf |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumi 2011, Mamdani (nga bali wamu ne Rhoda Ann Kanaaneh) y'eyali omwogezi omukulu mu lukungaana lw’eggwanga olwasooka olw’abayizi olwa [[:en:Students_for_Justice_in_Palestine|Students for Justice in Palestine]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Silver |first=Carly |date=2011-10-16 |title=Reporting live from the first-ever SJP National Conference |url=https://newvoices.org/2011/10/15/reporting-live-from-the-first-ever-sjp-national-conference/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=New Voices |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nathan-Kazis |first=Josh |date=2011-10-11 |title=Pro-Palestinian Student Activists Plan First National Conference |url=https://forward.com/news/144173/pro-palestinian-student-activists-plan-push/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=The Forward |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2017 yayitibwa okuwa omusomo ku lunaku lwa [[:en:TB_Davie_Memorial_Lecture|TB Davie Memorial]] ku ddembe ly'okusoma mu Yunivasite y'e Cape Town, era emboozi ye, eyatuumibwa "Decolonising the Post-Colonial University" yaleetawo okukubaganya ebirowoozo kungi. <ref name="uwn20183">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="davis20172">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> Okuva mu Gwekkumineebiri 2017 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2018, Mamdani yaweereza nga Rajni Kothari Chair Professor mu [[:en:Centre_for_the_Study_of_Developing_Societies|Center for the Study of Developing Societies]] mu [[:en:Delhi|Delhi,]] Buyindi. Oluvannyuma lw'ekisanja kye okuggwako, nga 4 Ogwokuna 2018 yawa omusomo gwa Rajni Kothari Chair ogutegekebwa buli mwaka, ogwatuumibwa "Okulowooza ku bwenkanya okuyita mu bumanyirivu bw'Afirika mu kyasa eky'amakumi abiri". <ref name="csds2">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Alabikidde mu firimu z’ebyafaayo ng’omukugu okugeza, ''[[:en:Rwanda:_The_Untold_Story|Rwanda: The Untold Story]]'' (2014, [[:en:BBC|BBC]] ), ''The Dictator’s Playbook'' (2018, [[:en:PBS|PBS]] ) ne ''[[:en:How_to_Become_a_Tyrant|How to Become a Tyrant]]'' (2021, [[:en:Netflix|Netflix]]). <ref>{{Cite AV media|url=https://www.pbs.org/video/idi-amin-3ol3rz/|title=The Dictator's Playbook {{!}} Idi Amin {{!}} Episode 6|language=en|publisher=[[PBS]]|via=}}</ref> Yalabikira mu firimu ya [[:en:Cameo_appearance|cameo]] ,mu firimu ya 2012 ''eya [[:en:The_Reluctant_Fundamentalist_(film)|The Reluctant Fundamentalist]]'', eyakulemberwamu mukyala we. <ref>{{Cite AV media|title=[[The Reluctant Fundamentalist]]|date=2012|last=Nair|first=Mira|publisher=[[IFC Films]]}}</ref> Mu 2024, yeegatta ku [[:en:Gaza_tribunal|Gaza Tribunal]], eyagenderera "okuzuukusa ebibiina by'obwannakyewa ku buvunaanyizibwa bwabyo n'okukomya ekittabantu kya Yisirayiri mu Gaza." <ref>{{Cite web |title=Home |url=https://gazatribunal.com/ |access-date=2025-12-07 |website=Gaza Tribunal |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title='Gaza Tribunal' established in London to seek justice for war crimes in Gaza |url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/europe/-gaza-tribunal-established-in-london-to-seek-justice-for-war-crimes-in-gaza/3383887 |access-date=2026-01-07 |website=www.aa.com.tr}}</ref> == Okusiimibwa == Mu 2008, mu kunoonyereza okwakolebwa ku mutimbagano mu lwatu, Mamdani yalondebwa ng'owomwenda ku bantu abagezi abasinga mu nsi yonna ku lukalala lw'abagezigezi 100 okuva mu ''[[:en:Prospect_(magazine)|Prospect Magazine]]'' (UK) ne ''[[:en:Foreign_Policy|Foreign Policy]]'' (US). <ref>{{Cite web |date=2008 |title=The 2008 List |url=http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/prospect-100-intellectuals/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090930143349/http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/prospect-100-intellectuals/ |archive-date=30 September 2009 |publisher=[[Prospect (magazine)|Prospect Magazine]] (UK) / [[Foreign Policy]] (US)}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |date=2008 |title=The World's Top 20 Public Intellectuals |journal=Foreign Policy |publisher=Slate Group, LLC |issue=167 |pages=54–57 |issn=0015-7228 |eissn=1945-2276 |jstor=25462318}}</ref> Mu Gwomusanvu 2017, Mamdani yalondebwa okubeera [[:en:Corresponding_Fellow_of_the_British_Academy|Omukwanaganya wa British Academy (FBA)]], ettendekero ly’eggwanga erya Bungereza erikola ku by’obuntubulamu ne ssaayansi w’embeera z’abantu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 July 2017 |title=Elections to the British Academy celebrate the diversity of UK research |url=http://www.britac.ac.uk/news/elections-british-academy-celebrate-diversity-uk-research |access-date=29 July 2017 |website=British Academy}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano nga 28, 2018 ( [[:en:Africa_Day|Africa Day]] ), Mamdani yalondebwa okuba pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa mu Center for African Studies mu Yunivasite y’e Cape Town. Dayirekita wa CAS [[:en:Lungisile_Ntsebeza|Lungisile Ntsebeza]], okulondebwa kuno yakuyita kwa "byafaayo mu bitongole", era nga kikulu mu nteekateeka y'okufuna obwetwaze bwa yunivasite m okuva mu kwekalakaasa kw'abayizi okwa " [[:en:Rhodes_Must_Fall|Rhodes Must Fall]] " mu Gwokusatu 2015. Abakulembeze b'abayizi bangi baali balaze obukulu bwa Ssikaala ya Mamdani, era okusinziira ku kino, UCT yandibadde ekola enkyukakyuka ez'omuggundu ku ntegeka y'ensoma. <ref name="uwn20184">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="cas20183">{{Cite web|title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT|website=Centre for African Studies, UCT|date=28 May 2018|url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-date=7 November 2025|url-status=live|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Prof Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/contacts/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041546/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/contacts/mahmood-mamdani |archive-date=4 Oct 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Faculty of Humanities}}</ref> === Engule n’okusunsulwa === * 1997: [[:en:Herskovits_Prize|Herskovits Prize]] for ''[[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]''<ref name="cas20184">{{cite web |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT|website=Centre for African Studies, UCT|date=28 May 2018|url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-date=7 November 2025|url-status=live|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> * 1999: [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|University of Cape Town]] Book Award for ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism''<ref>{{cite web |title=UCT Book Award |url=https://www.uct.ac.za/about/honours/bookaward/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130404065845/http://www.uct.ac.za/about/honours/bookaward/ |archive-date=4 April 2013 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[University of Cape Town]]}}</ref> * 2009: GDS Eminent Scholar Award from the [[:en:International_Studies_Association|International Studies Association]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=GDS Eminent Scholar Award Past Recipients |url=https://www.isanet.org/Programs/Awards/GDS-Eminent-Scholar/Past-Recipients |access-date=16 January 2019 |website=www.isanet.org}}</ref> * 2011: [[:en:H._F._Lenfest|Lenfest]] Distinguished Faculty Award<ref>{{cite web |date=15 April 2011 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani Recognized with Lenfest Award |url=http://www.sipa.columbia.edu/news_events/announcements/MahmoodMamdaniFacultyAward04152011.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121221034143/http://sipa.columbia.edu/news_events/announcements/MahmoodMamdaniFacultyAward04152011.html |archive-date=21 December 2012 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[School of International and Public Affairs, Columbia University]]}}</ref> * 2012: Scholar of the Year at the 2nd Annual African Diaspora Awards for his immense contribution to African Scholarship<ref>{{cite web |date=19 November 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani Is To Be Honored As "Scholar of the Year" At The Annual African Diaspora Awards NYC |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/news/prof-mamdani-be-honored-scholar-year-annual-african-diaspora-awards-nyc |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University|MISR]]}}</ref> * 2012: Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012<ref name="diaspora2">{{cite web |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora|title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012|date=29 November 2012|publisher=ugandandiaspora.com|access-date=21 March 2013|archive-date=1 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora|url-status=dead}}</ref> * 2021: ''[[:en:Neither_Settler_Nor_Native:_The_Making_and_Unmaking_of_Permanent_Minorities|Neither Settler Nor Native: The Making and Unmaking of Permanent Minorities]]'' (2020), shortlisted for the [[:en:British_Academy_Book_Prize_for_Global_Cultural_Understanding|British Academy Book Prize for Global Cultural Understanding]], and as "World History Finalist" by Association of American Publishers Awards for Professional and Scholarly Excellence ([[:en:PROSE_Awards|PROSE Awards]])<ref name="bio23">{{cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani|website=Department of Anthropology|url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> === Diguli ez’ekitiibwa === * 25 Ogwokutaano 2010: [[:en:University_of_Johannesburg|University of Johannesburg]], [[:en:DLitt|DLitt]] ([[:en:Honoris_Causa|Honoris Causa]])<ref>{{cite web |date=May 2010 |title=Mahmood Mamdani conferred with an honorary doctorate |url=http://www.uj.ac.za/EN/Newsroom/News/Pages/MahmoodMamdaniconferredwithanhonorarydoctorate201006222.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130421210222/http://www.uj.ac.za/EN/Newsroom/News/Pages/MahmoodMamdaniconferredwithanhonorarydoctorate201006222.aspx |archive-date=21 April 2013 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[University of Johannesburg]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=25 May 2010 |title=Speech delivered by Professor Prof Mahmood Mamdani at the University of Johannesburg, South Africa |url=http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech-2.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501065506/http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech-2.pdf |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[CODESRIA]]}}</ref> * 24 Ogwomusanvu 2010: [[:en:Addis_Ababa_University|Addis Ababa University]], DLitt (Honoris Causa)<ref>{{cite web |date=24 July 2010 |title=Remarks on receipt of Honorary Doctorate at Addis Ababa University |url=http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech_2-2.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501065507/http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech_2-2.pdf |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[CODESRIA]]}}</ref> * 24 Ogwokuna 2012: [[:en:University_of_KwaZulu-Natal|University of KwaZulu-Natal]], DLitt (Honoris Causa)<ref>{{cite web |date=12 April 2012 |title=Media Statement: UKZN To honour leading South Africans and women graduates excel |url=http://www.ukzn.ac.za/docs/media-releases/graduation-2012.docx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305015502/http://www.ukzn.ac.za/docs/media-releases/graduation-2012.docx |archive-date=5 March 2016 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[University of KwaZulu-Natal]] |format=[[MS Word]]}}</ref><ref name="kwazulu20122">{{cite web |date=24 April 2012 |title=Address on Receiving an Honorary Doctorate at the University of Kwazulu Natal |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/mesaas/images/faculty/news/Mamdani%20commencement.pdf |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> == Obulamu bwe ng'omuntu == Mamdani yawasa [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]], dayirekita wa firimu era pulodyusa Omuyindi ng’abeera mu Amerika, mu 1991. Baasooka kusisinkana mu [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, n’oluvannyuma ne baddamu mu Kampala, Uganda, mu 1989 Nair bwe yali akola okunoonyereza ku firimu ye, ''[[Mississippi Masala]]'' . <ref name="lahr2002">{{cite interview|first=Mira|last=Nair|interviewer-last=Lahr|interviewer-first=John|title=Whirlwind|website=[[The New Yorker]]|date=2 December 2002|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|url-access=subscription|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141022030926/http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|archive-date=22 October 2014|url-status=live|quote=Published in the print edition of the December 9, 2002, issue.}}</ref> <ref name="indian tele2">{{Cite web|url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp|url-status=dead|archive-date=2 February 2009|title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly|last=Sen|first=Manjula|date=25 January 2009|access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref>Baagattibwa mu 1991. Mu 2025 Mamdani ne Nair babeera mu kitundu kya [[:en:Morningside_Heights|Morningside Heights]] mu [[:en:Manhattan|Manhattan]], okumpi ne Yunivaasite y'e Columbia. <ref name="haag20252">{{Cite web|last=Haag|first=Matthew|last2=Goldberg|first2=Emma|title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics|website=[[The New York Times]]|date=27 June 2025|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html|archive-date=7 October 2025|url-status=live|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news}}</ref> Omwana wa Mamdani ne Nair omu yekka, [[Zohran Mamdani]], yazaalibwa mu Kampala mu 1991. Mu 1996 famire ye yasengukira e [[:en:Cape_Town|Cape Town]], South Africa, Mamdani okutwala omulimu gw’okukulira enteekateeka y’okusoma eby'Afirika mu Yunivasite y’e Cape Town, era n’abeerayo okumala emyaka nga esatu. <ref name="lahr20022">{{cite interview|first=Mira|last=Nair|interviewer-last=Lahr|interviewer-first=John|title=Whirlwind|website=[[The New Yorker]]|date=2 December 2002|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|url-access=subscription|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141022030926/http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|archive-date=22 October 2014|url-status=live|quote=Published in the print edition of the December 9, 2002, issue.}}</ref> Nga mu mwaka gwa 1999 baagenda mu Amerika ne basenga mu New York. <ref name="lahr20023">{{cite interview|first=Mira|last=Nair|interviewer-last=Lahr|interviewer-first=John|title=Whirlwind|website=[[The New Yorker]]|date=2 December 2002|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|url-access=subscription|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141022030926/http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|archive-date=22 October 2014|url-status=live|quote=Published in the print edition of the December 9, 2002, issue.}}</ref> Zohran yafuuka munnabyabufuzi era abadde [[:en:Mayor_of_New_York_City|Meeya w'ekibuga New York]] okuva nga 1 Ogwoluberyeberye 2026, ng'abadde mmemba [[:en:New_York_State_Assembly|w'olukiiko olukulu olw'essaza ly'e New York]] okuva mu 2021 okutuuka mu 2025. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kitunzi |first=Yahudu |date=June 7, 2025 |title=Mamdani's mayoral goal puts Uganda on the map |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/mamdani-s-mayoral-goal-puts-uganda-on-the-map-5072356 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250609023734/https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/mamdani-s-mayoral-goal-puts-uganda-on-the-map-5072356 |archive-date=June 9, 2025 |access-date=June 7, 2025 |website=[[Daily Monitor|Monitor]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Muhumuza |first=Rodney |date=3 November 2025 |title=In Uganda, where Zohran Mamdani was born, NYC mayoral hopeful is recalled with pride |url=https://apnews.com/article/uganda-zohran-mamdani-mayor-election-new-york-d41260eeef2438498a3aa04118fbd2df |access-date=5 November 2025 |website=[[AP News]] |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news}}</ref> Kampeyini ze ez'obwameeya zawagirwa bazadde be. <ref name="haag20253">{{Cite web|last=Haag|first=Matthew|last2=Goldberg|first2=Emma|title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics|website=[[The New York Times]]|date=27 June 2025|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html|archive-date=7 October 2025|url-status=live|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> == Ebyawandiikibwako == === Ebitabo === * ''The Myth of Population Control: Family, Class and Caste in an Indian Village'' (1972) * ''From Citizen to Refugee: Ugandan Asians Come to Britain'' (1973)<ref>{{cite book |last1=Mamdani |first1=Mahmood |date=2011 |title=From Citizen to Refugee: Uganda Asians Come to Britain |publisher=Pambazuka Press |isbn=9781906387570 |edition=Second}}</ref> * ''Politics and Class Formation in Uganda'' (1976)<ref>{{cite book |last1=Mamdani |first1=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and Class Formation in Uganda |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=9780853453789}}</ref> * ''Imperialism and Fascism in Uganda'' (1984)<ref>{{cite book |last1=Mamdan |first1=Mohamad |date=1984 |title=Imperialism and Fascism in Uganda |publisher=Africa World Press |isbn=9780865430297}}</ref> * ''Academic Freedom in Africa'' (1994) * ''[[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism]]'' (1996)<ref>{{cite book |last1=Mamdani |first1=Mahmood |date=1996 |title=Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism |publisher=Princeton University Press |isbn=9780691027937}}</ref> * ''When Victims Become Killers: Colonialism, Nativism and Genocide in Rwanda'' (2001)<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=28 January 2020 |title=When Victims Become Killers |publisher=Princeton University Press |isbn=978-0-691-19383-0 |language=en |doi=10.1515/9780691193830}}</ref> * ''Understanding the Crisis in Kivu''<ref>{{Cite web |title=African Books Collective: Understanding the Crisis in Kivu |url=https://www.africanbookscollective.com/books/understanding-the-crisis-in-kivu |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=www.africanbookscollective.com}}</ref> * ''Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: America, the Cold War and the Roots of Terror'' (2004)<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2002 |title=Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: A Political Perspective on Culture and Terrorism |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/3567254 |journal=American Anthropologist |volume=104 |issue=3 |pages=766–775 |doi=10.1525/aa.2002.104.3.766 |issn=0002-7294 |jstor=3567254 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> * ''Scholars in the Marketplace. The Dilemmas of Neo-Liberal Reform at Makerere University, 1989–2005'' (2007)<ref>{{cite book |last1=Mamdani |first1=Mahmood |date=2007 |title=Scholars in the Marketplace. The Dilemmas of Neo-Liberal Reform at Makerere University, 1989-2005 |publisher=Codesria |isbn=9782869782013}}</ref> * ''[https://www.codesria.org/spip.php?article1292 Saviors and Survivors: Darfur, Politics, and the War on Terror]'' (2009)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Saviors and Survivors by Mahmood Mamdani: 9780385525961 {{!}} PenguinRandomHouse.com: Books |url=https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/106771/saviors-and-survivors-by-mahmood-mamdani/ |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=PenguinRandomhouse.com |language=en-US}}</ref> * ''Define and Rule: Native as Political Identity'' (The W.E.B. DuBois Lectures) (2012)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Define and Rule — Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.hup.harvard.edu/catalog.php?isbn=9780674050525 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=Harvard University Press |language=en}}</ref> * ''[[:en:Neither_Settler_nor_Native|Neither Settler nor Native: The Making and Unmaking of Permanent Minorities]]'' (2020) * ''Slow Poison: Idi Amin, Yoweri Museveni, and the Making of the Ugandan State'' (2025) === Emboozi ezikungaanyiziddwa === * ''Beyond Rights Talk and Culture Talk: Comparative Essays on the Politics of Rights and Culture'' (2000)<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2000 |title=Beyond Rights Talk and Culture Talk: Comparative Essays on the Politics of Rights and Culture |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yqb7wAEACAAJ |publisher=St. Martin's Press |isbn=978-0-312-23498-0 |language=en}}</ref> === Ebitabo ebisunsuddwa === * ''Uganda Studies in Labour'' (Codesria Book Series) (1968)<ref>{{Cite web |title=African Books Collective: Uganda Studies in Labour |url=https://www.africanbookscollective.com/books/uganda-studies-in-labour |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=www.africanbookscollective.com}}</ref> === Ebirala === * ''Studies in Labor Markets'' (National Bureau of Economic Research Universities-National Bureau Conference Ser) * ''African Studies in Social Movements and Democracy'' (Actes-Sud Papiers) == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 4t1knaevru43vtrxyhz7zrynpgoilta 48728 48727 2026-05-03T11:01:38Z Charles Kalanzi 9748 48728 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mahmood Mamdani''' [ a ] FBA (yazaalibwa 23 Ogwokuna 1946) munnayuganda [[:en:Anthropologist|omukugu mu by'enkula y'abantu]], munnaby'anjigiriza, era omukugu mu by'obufuzi. Ye Herbert Lehman Pulofeesa wa Gavumenti era pulofeesa w’ensonga z'ekikula ky'abantu, [[:en:Political_science|ssaayansi w’ebyobufuzi]], n’okunoonyereza [[:en:African_studies|ku nsoma y'Afirika]] mu [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]] . Era akola nga Ccansala wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda, era nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa ku Center for African Studis mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y'e Cape Town]] . Emabegako yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole kya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. Mamdani mukugu mu kusoma ebyobufuzi bya Afrika n’ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw’amatwale]] n’oluvannyuma [[:en:Postcolonialism|lw'obufuzi bw’amatwale]], n’ebyobufuzi [[:en:Knowledge_economy|by’ebyenfuna]] . Mufumbo nga mukazi we ye [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]] omuzannyi wa firimu . Ye ne Nair be bazadde ba [[:en:New_York_City_Mayor|Meeya w'ekibuga New York]] [[Zohran Mamdani]] . == Obuto bwe n’okusoma == Mahmood Mamdani yazaalibwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1946 mu [[:en:Bombay|kibuga Bombay]] (kati Mumbai), Buyindi, ng’ebula omwaka gumu [[:en:British_Raj|enfuga ya Bungereza]] ekome. <ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/education/news/mahmood-mamdani-education-and-career-path-how-zohran-mamdanis-father-built-a-legacy-of-revolution-through-ideas-and-exile/articleshow/122064130.cms "Mahmood Mamdani education and career path: How Zohran Mamdani's father built a legacy of revolution through ideas and exile"]. ''The Times of India''. 25 June 2025. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN&nbsp;]][https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-8257 0971-825]7. Retrieved 13 July 2025.</ref> <ref name="codesria">{{Cite web |title=Pr. Mahmood Mamdani (1998-2002) |url=https://codesria.org/pr-mahmood-mamdani-1998-2002/ |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> Yakulira mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=23 February 2021 |title=Mahmood Mamdani on Uganda |url=https://africasacountry.com/2011/04/mamdani-on-uganda |website=Africa is a Country}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Permanent Minorities and the Politics of Survivors: A conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://worldpeacefoundation.org/blog/permanent-minorities-and-the-politics-of-survivors-a-conversation-with-mahmood-mamdani/ |website=World Peace Foundation}}</ref> ng'omu ku [[:en:Indian_diaspora_in_Southeast_Africa|Bayindi ababundabunda mu bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba bwa Afrika]] . Bazadde be bombi, [[:en:Gujarati_Muslim|basiraamu Abagujarati]], baazaalibwa era ne bakulira mu kitundu kya Bungereza eky'amatwale ki [[:en:Tanganyika_Territory|Tanganyika]] (leero Tanzania). Abafumbo bano baagenda e Bombay olwo kitaawe n’asomerayo mu ttendekero ekkulu. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Chen |first=Kuan-Hsing |last2=Gao |first2=Shiming |last3=Tang |first3=Xiaolin |date=2016 |title=The formation of an African intellectual: an interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |journal=Inter-Asia Cultural Studies |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=456–480 |doi=10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref>Muhoozi, Mourice (6 March 2022). [https://www.watchdoguganda.com/news/20220306/131449/meet-ugandas-most-iconic-academician-prof-mahmood-mamdani.html "Meet Uganda's most Iconic academician, Prof. Mahmood Mamdani"]. ''Watchdog Uganda''</ref> Famire yaddayo e [[:en:Dar_es_Salaam|Dar es Salaam]], Tanganyika, nga Mamdani wa myaka ebiri, ne bagenda e Uganda nga wa myaka etaano oba mukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Mu kiseera ekyo, Uganda yali yayawulwamu okusinziira ku mawanga, omuli abantu gye babeera, amasomero, emizikiti, n’ebifo abaana we bazannyira. Okusoma kwe mu pulayimale, Mamdani yasooka kugenda mu [[:en:Madrasa|madarasa]], n’oluvannyuma mu Government Indian Primary School. <ref name=":8"/> Yakula ng'ayogera [[:en:Gujarati_language|Olugujarati]], [[:en:Urdu|Oluurdu]] [[:en:Swahili_language|n'Oluswayiri]] . Yatandika okusoma Olungereza mu kibiina eky’omukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Oluvannyuma lw’okusoma siniya ey’awansi, yasomera ku Old Kampala Senior Secondary School, gye yali omuwandiisi w’ekibiina kya Do-it-Yourself Physics. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uganda: Buganda And Uganda At Crossroads |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090826030635/http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |archive-date=26 August 2009 |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=AllAfrica}}</ref> Mamdani yali omu ku bayizi Bannayuganda 23 abaali mu kibiina kya [[:en:The_Kennedy_Airlift|Kennedy Airlift]] mu 1963, enteekateeka ya sikaala eyaweebwa ssente okuva mu Amerika eyaleetera ebikumi n’ebikumi by'abayizi okuva mu [[:en:East_Africa|Buvanjuba bwa Afrika]] okusomera ku yunivasite mu Amerika ne Canada wakati wa 1959 ne 1963. <ref name="indian tele">{{Cite web |last=Sen |first=Manjula |date=25 January 2009 |title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |archive-date=2 February 2009 |access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref> Mamdani yatikkirwa diguli ya Bachelor of Arts okuva mu [[:en:University_of_Pittsburgh|Yunivasite y’e Pittsburgh]] <ref name="codesria"/> mu 1967. <ref>{{Cite book |date=1 January 2010 |title=International Encyclopedia of Civil Society |url=https://link.springer.com/referencework/10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |vauthors=((Anheier, H. K.)), ((Toepler, S.)) |publisher=Springer US |isbn=978-0-387-93994-0 |editor-last=Anheier |editor-first=Helmut K. |doi=10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |editor-last2=Toepler |editor-first2=Stefan}}</ref> Yali omu ku bayizi abangi mu bukiikakkono bwa Amerika abaali mu lugendo lwa bbaasi mu bukiikaddyo okutuuka e [[:en:Montgomery,_Alabama|Montgomery, Alabama]], olwategekebwa [[:en:Student_Nonviolent_Coordinating_Committee|akakiiko akakwasaganya abayizi abatali ba ffujjo]] mu Gwokusatu 1965 okwetaba mu kaweefube w'okulwanirira [[:en:Civil_rights_movement|eddembe ly’obuntu]] . Kino kyaliwo mu kiseera ky’okutambula okuva e [[:en:Selma_to_Montgomery_marches|Selma okutuuka e Montgomery]], naye nga kyo kya njawulo. Yasibibwa mu kkomera mu kutambula kuno era n’akkirizibwa okukuba essimu. Mamdani yakubira [[:en:Embassy_of_Uganda,_Washington,_D.C.|omubaka wa Uganda]] e [[:en:Washington,_DC|Washington, DC]], amuyambe. Omubaka yamubuuza lwaki "ayingirira ensonga z'omunda mu nsi engwira", n'amuddamu nti teyali nsonga ya munda wabula olutalo lw'eddembe era nti nabo eddembe lyabwe baali bakalifuna omwaka ogwakaggwa. <ref name="pambazuka">{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=28 April 2007 |title=The Asian question again: A reflection |url=http://www.pambazuka.org/en/category/comment/41273 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]] (Uganda) |via=pambazuka.org}}</ref> Amangu ddala nga wayiseewo akaseera katono, Mamdani yategeera ku mulimu gwa [[:en:Karl_Marx|Karl Marx]] okuva mu kukyala kwe ku FBI. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Shringarpure |first=Bhakti |author-link=Bhakti Shringarpure |date=15 July 2013 |title=In Conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.warscapes.com/conversations/conversation-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=6 November 2017 |website=Warscapes |language=en |quote=I thought the guy Marx had just died. […] So that was my introduction to Karl Marx.}}</ref> Yasomera ku [[:en:Fletcher_School_of_Law_and_Diplomacy|Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy]] mu [[:en:Tufts_University|Yunivasite ya Tufts]] era mu 1968 yatikkirwa diguli ya Master of Arts mu [[:en:Political_science|byobufuzi]] ne Master of Arts mu mateeka ne diplomacy mu 1969. Yafuna diguli ye [[:en:Doctor_of_philosophy|eyookusatu]] mu gavumenti okuva mu [[:en:Harvard_University|Yunivasite y'e Harvard]] mu 1974, wansi w’obulagirizi bwa [[:en:Karl_Deutsch|Karl Deutsch]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and class formation in Uganda |url=http://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=978-0-85345-378-9 |location=New York |via=Internet Archive}}</ref> Omulamwa kw'eyatambuliza ddiguli ye eyookusatu yagiwa omutwe "''Politics and Class Formation in Uganda."'' <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and Class Formation in Uganda |url=https://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=0-85345-378-0 |location=New York |oclc=2073894 |url-access=registration}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Allen |first=Judith Van |last2=Mamdani |first2=Mahmood |last3=Shivji |first3=Issa G. |date=November 1977 |title=Reviewed Works: Politics and Class Formation in Uganda. by Mahmood Mamdani; Class Struggles in Tanzania. by Issa G. Shivji |journal=Contemporary Sociology |publisher=American Sociological Association |volume=6 |issue=6 |pages=702 |doi=10.2307/2066367 |issn=0094-3061 |eissn=1939-8638 |jstor=2066367}}</ref> == Emirimu gye == Mamdani yakomawo mu Uganda ku ntandikwa ya 1972 era naweebwa omulimu ku [[Makerere University, Uganda|yunivasite y'e Makerere]] mu Kampala [[:en:Teaching_assistant|ng'ayambako omusomesa]], mu kiseera kye kimu yali akola ku kunoonyereza kwe okwa ddiguli eyookusatu. . Ye n’Abaasia abasinga obungi [[:en:Expulsion_of_Asians_from_Uganda|baagobebwa]] mu Uganda ku nkomerero y’omwaka ogwo [[Idi Amin]] olw’amawanga gaabwe; Amin yali agenderera "kuzzaawo" bizinensi n'ebintu. Mamdani yava mu Uganda n’agenda mu nkambi y’ababundabunda mu Bungereza ku ntandikwa y'omwezi Gwekkuminoogumu. <ref name="lrb2022">{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2022-10-06 |title=The Asian Question |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v44/n19/mahmood-mamdani/the-asian-question |journal=[[London Review of Books]] |language=en |volume=44 |issue=19 |issn=0260-9592 |access-date=2025-09-08}}</ref> Yava e Bungereza mu makkati ga 1973 oluvannyuma lw’okuyingizibwa mu [[:en:University_of_Dar_es_Salaam|Yunivasite y’e Dar es Salaam]] mu Tanzania. <ref name="pambazuka"/> <ref name="cas2018">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> <ref name="bio2">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> Mu Dar es Salaam, yamaliriza okuwandiika dissertation ye. Yali mujjumbize nnyo n’ebibiina ebiwakanya Amin. Mu 1979, yeetaba mu Ttabamiruka w’e Moshi ng’omutunuulizi. Yaddayo mu Uganda oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa ku bukulembeze oluvannyuma lw'olutalo lwa [[Olutalo lwa Uganda ne Tanzania|Uganda ne Tanzania]] mu 1979. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McCormack |first=Pete |date=17 October 2005 |title=Interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.petemccormack.com/interview_mamdani_001.htm |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=petemccormack.com}}</ref> <ref name="bio2" /> Mu kiseera kino, yakozesebwa ng'omutendeke mu kibiina kya [[:en:All_Africa_Conference_of_Churches|All Africa Conference of Churches]], omukago [[:en:Ecumenical_Christian|gw'Abakristaayo ogw'ensi yonna]] ogusangibwa e [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, ng'akolera mu ofiisi [[:en:Church_of_Uganda|y'Ekkanisa ya Uganda]] mu Kampala. <ref name="lrb2022"/> Okuva mu 1980 (oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa mu ntebe mu 1979) okutuuka mu 1993 yaddamu okukolera yunivasite y’e Makerere. <ref name="bio2"/> <ref name="lrb2022"/>​[[Milton Obote|​]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kagolo |first=Francis |date=8 February 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani to be honoured among Africa's best |url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/628869-prof-mamdani-to-be-honoured-among-africa-s-best.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]]}}</ref> Yaddayo e Dar es Salaam. Oluvannyuma lwa Obote okugobwa mu ntebe omulundi ogwokubiri, Mamdani yaddamu okudda mu Uganda mu Gwomukaaga 1986. <ref name="indian tele"/> Yali dayirekita eyatandikawo ekitongole kya Centre for Basic Research (CBR), ekitongole kya Uganda ekitali kya gavumenti ekyasooka mu kunoonyereza, mwe yaweereza okuva mu 1987 okutuuka mu 1996. <ref name="diaspora">{{Cite web |date=29 November 2012 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012 |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=ugandandiaspora.com}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> <ref name="csds">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Yaliko pulofeesa omugenyi ku [[:en:University_of_Durban-Westville|Yunivasite y’e Durban]] - [[:en:Westville,_KwaZulu-Natal|Westville]] mu South Africa (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka mu Gwomukaaga 1993), ku [[:en:Nehru_Memorial_Museum_&_Library|Nehru Memorial Museum & Library]] e New Delhi (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka Gwomukaaga 1995), ne mu [[:en:Princeton_University|Yunivasite y'e Princeton]] (1995–96). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vance |first=Dara |date=2015-11-20 |title=UK Committee on Social Theory Hosts Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://uknow.uky.edu/uk-happenings/uk-committee-social-theory-hosts-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=UKNow}}</ref> Mu 1996, yalondebwa okubeera omukulembeze w’entebe ya [[:en:Archibald_Campbell_Jordan|AC Jordan]] ey'ensoma y'Afirika mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y’e Cape Town]], <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 March 2011 |title=UCT in war over 'bantu education' |url=http://mg.co.za/article/2011-03-11-uct-in-war-over-bantu-education |access-date=22 March 2013}}</ref> era ku ntandikwa ya 1997 n’afuuka akulira [[:en:Centre_for_African_Studies|ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku by'ensoma y'Afirika]] (CAS). <ref name="uwn2018">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> Yavaawo oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obutakkaanya n'abasomesa (abasinga obungi abazungu) ku bbago ly'ensoma ye ey'omusomo ogw'omusingi ku Afrika oguyitibwa "Problematising Africa". <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=June 1, 1998 |title=Is African studies to be turned into a new home for Bantu education at UCT? |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/02533959808458649 |journal=Social Dynamics |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=63–75 |doi=10.1080/02533959808458649 |issn=0253-3952 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> Mamdani, eyalaga nti ensoma eriwo eya " [[:en:Bantu_Education_Act,_1953|Bantu studies]] " (mu kujjuliza ku kusomesa Abaddugavu wansi w'enfuga [[:en:Apartheid|y'obusosoze]] ) <ref name="cas2018" /> yayimirizibwa era okukkakkana ng'alekulidde. <ref name="davis2017">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> "Ensonga ya Mamdani" ekyayogerwako mu kukubaganya ebirowoozo ku [[:en:Decolonization_of_higher_education_in_South_Africa|kununula amatendekero aga waggulu okuva mu nsoma y'abamatwale]] . Oluvannyuma yagamba nti teyalina busungu ku muntu yenna, era yalina enkolagana ennungi ekiseera kye yamalayo. Yagamba nti obutakwatagana bwali ku njawulo mu ndowooza n'addala ensengeka y’ensoma ku bikwata ku kusoma South Africa ng’ensi ya Afrika. Oluvannyuma (2018) yakomezebwawo nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa asuutibwa. [ b ] <ref name="uwn2018" /> Mu 1999, Mamdani yalondebwa okuba dayirekita w’ekitongole ekikola ku by’okunoonyereza ku Afirika mu yunivasite ya Columbia, ekifo kye yalina okutuusa mu 2004. <ref name="uwn2018"/> Okuva olwo abadde asomesa eyo (nga 2025). <ref name="haag2025">{{Cite web |last=Haag |first=Matthew |last2=Goldberg |first2=Emma |date=27 June 2025 |title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |archive-date=7 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku mbeera z’abantu ekya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=18 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University]] |archive-date=2 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002055113/http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Agaba |first=John |title=Mamdani talks about his research legacy and work at Makerere |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20220329112608625 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="bio2"/> Okutuuka mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2025 [[:en:Columbia_University#Academics|pulofeesa wa Herbert Lehman mu Gavumenti]] era pulofeesa ku nkula y'abantu, okusoma saayansi w'ebyobufuzi [[:en:African_studies|n'okusoma ku Afirika]] ku [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]].<ref name="bio2" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Faculty Bio: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/anthropology/fac-bios/mamdani/faculty.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Era akola nga chancellor wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://kiu.ac.ug/news-page.php?i=press-release-kampala-international-university-kiu-appoints-prof-mahmood-mamdani-as-chancellor |access-date=24 August 2020 |publisher=[[Kampala International University]]}}</ref> == Okunoonyereza n'okuwandiika == Mamdani yeemalira mu kunoonyereza ku byobufuzi bya Afirika n'eby'ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw'amatwale]] [[:en:Postcolonialism|n'oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale]], n'ebyobufuzi by'ebyenfuna. Ebitabo bye byekenneenya enkolagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'ebyobuwangwa, okugeraageranya [[:en:Colonialism|okufugibwa kw'amatwale]] okuva mu 1452, ebyafaayo by'entalo z'omunda [[:en:Genocide|n'ekitta bantu]] mu Afirika, [[:en:Cold_War|Olutalo olw'Ensi Yonna olw'ebigambo]] [[:en:War_on_terror|n'olutalo ku butujju]], n'ebyafaayo by'eddembe ly'obuntu.<ref>vSneh, Itai Nartzizenfield (2008). [https://books.google.com/books?id=iax4AAAAMAAJ ''The Future Almost Arrived: How Jimmy Carter Failed to Change U.S. Foreign Policy''.] [[:en:Peter_Lang_(publishing_company)|Peter Lang]]. p. 169. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780820481852|9780820481852]]</bdi>.</ref> Okunoonyereza kwe okw'omwaka 2016 kwatandikira ku kitabo kye eky'omwaka 1996, [[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]. <ref>[http://polisci.columbia.edu/people/profile/96 "Mahmood Mamdani | Department of Political Science"]. ''polisci.columbia.edu''. Retrieved 21 January 2016.</ref>Mu kitabo ekyo, yagamba nti eggwanga eryafugibwa terisobola kutegeerwa nga tewekenenyeza bulungi eggwanga eryalifuga.Enkola y'obufuzi bw'amatwale mu Afirika yali eddamu okusoomoozebwa kw'ekibuuzo "ekikulu", era yagamba nti yafuuka "amawanga agaabuluziddwamu".<ref name=":0">Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. pp. 15–16. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|<bdi>9780852553992</bdi>.]]</ref>Kino kyali kikolebwa mu ngeri bbiri: ku ludda olumu nga bafuga butereevu, nga kino kyali kikolwa kya "buyinza" era nga kyali kigenderera okuggya abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo ku ddembe ly'obuntu eryali liweebwa abatuuze mu bitundu ebirala, ate ku ludda olulala nga bafuga mu ngeri etali y'abuteerevu, nga kino kyali kikolebwa mu byalo era nga kizingiramu okuyingiza "bannansi" mu "mateeka g'eggwanga" agaateekebwawo ab'obuyinza mu byalo, era nga kino yakiyita "obwannakyemalira obw'okugabanya obuyinza".<ref name=":0" /> Embeera eno yali "yakusika muguwa" era ng'erimu "engeri bbiri ez'obuyinza wansi w'obuyinza obumu".<ref name=":0" /> Oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale, ebibuga byali tebikyayawulamu bantu lwa langi naye ebyalo byali bikyafugibwa abakulembeze abaali mu nkwawa z'abafuzi b'amatwale, ka babe abakulembeze ab'ennono oba b'ebali bakwasizzaobuyinza nga balina ebiruubirirwa by'okufugisa omukono ogw'ekyuma.<ref>Clapham, Chris (1997). "Review: Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism by Mahmood Mamdani'". ''Royal Institute of International Affairs''. '''73''': 606.</ref>Mu ngeri eno obukulembeze bwonna bwaleeta enjawukana mu mawnga era n'ekutondawo obukulembeze bwabwe obw'enjawulo obwannakyemalira.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref> Mamdani yekennenya ebyafaayo mu South Africa ne Uganda okulaga nti obufuzi bw'amatwale bwakozesa obuyinza obuyitiridde era obuyinza obwo bweyongera okubaawo oluvannyuma lw'ameefuga.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. p. 37. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref>Ng’asomooza endowooza eza bulijjo ku busosoze mu South Afrika nga ez’enjawulo, agamba nti [[:en:Apartheid|obusosoze mu mawanga]] bwali ngeri ya bulijjo ey’ettwale lya Bulaaya mu Africa, nga lizingiramu ensonga [[:en:Indirect_rule|z’obufuzi obutali butereevu]] n’okukwatagana<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1 January 1996 |title=Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism |isbn=9780852553992 |pages=16–18}}</ref> Mu kitabo kye ekyafulumizibwa mu 2004 ekya ''Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: America, the Cold War, and the Roots of Terror'' Mamdani yagamba nti [[:en:Suicide_attack|abeetuze]] balina okumanyibwa "ng'ekika ky'omujaasi" era nti balina "okutegeerwa mu ngeri y'effujjo ly'ebyobufuzi ery'omulembe guno okusinga okuvumwavumwa ng'akabonero k'obukambwe". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bickerton |first=James |date=2025-07-11 |title=Zohran Mamdani's father's remark about suicide bombers comes under scrutiny |url=https://www.newsweek.com/zohran-mamdani-father-remark-about-suicide-bombers-comes-under-scrutiny-2097793 |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref> Omuyivu omu yagamba nti kino si kuwagira kwettisa bbomu wabula kwekenneenya okwanenya '"okusalawo kwa Amerika ku nkola y'ensonga z'ebweru naddala mu kiseera ky'olutalo olw'ebigambo", okutondawo embeera [[:en:Islamic_extremism|y'Obusiraamu obw'annalukalala]] [[:en:Political_violence|n'effujjo mu byobufuzi]] " mwe byakulaakulanira. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Murray |first=Conor |date=Jul 11, 2025 |title=Mahmood Mamdani's Work Does Not Advocate Violence, Expert Says |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/conormurray/2025/07/11/sequoias-maguire-unfairly-targets-zohran-mamdanis-father-fellow-academic-says/ |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko bye bifulumiddde mu ''[[:en:London_Review_of_Books|London Review of Books]]'' n'ekampuni ezifulumya ebitabo ebirala.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/contributors/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=London Review of Books |language=en-GB}}</ref> Okusinziira ku CAS, ebiwandiiko bya Mamdani "bibadde bikulu mu kusomebwa abayizi abali ku misomo gyabwe egya undergraduate ne Postgraduate ku UCT ssaako n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo ku nsoma y'ebyafaayo n'ebyobufuzi bya Afirika , nga banonyereza ku nkwatagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'obuwangwa, okugerageranya obufuzi bw'amatwale, entalo ez'omunda mu ggwanga n'ekittabantu mu Afirika".<ref name="uwn20182">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> == Emirimu gy'emirala == Okuva mu 1998 <ref name="bio22">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> oba 1999 okutuuka mu 2002, Mamdani yaweereza nga pulezidenti w'olukiiko olukulaakulanya okunoonyereza ku ssaayansi w'embeera z'abantu mu Afrika ([[:en:Council_for_the_Development_of_Social_Science_Research_in_Africa|Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa]]). <ref name="cas20182">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumineebiri 2001, yawa okwogera ku "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" mu lukungaana lwa [[:en:Nobel_Prize|Nobel Centennial Symposium]] e [[:en:Oslo|Oslo]], Norway. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 December 2001 |title=Speech by Dr. Mahmood Mamdani: "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/mediaplayer/index.php?id=1281 |access-date=24 March 2013 |publisher=Nobel Prize}}</ref> Mu Gwomwenda 2006, Mamdani yali omu ku boogezi abaayitibwa mu lukuŋŋaana lw’ekibiina kya [[:en:Ugandan_North_American_Association_(UNAA)|Uganda North American Association (UNAA)]] mu kibuga New York. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2006-09-05 |title=UNAA Convention was disorganised! |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/news/1141390/unaa-convention-disorganised |access-date=2026-02-18 |publisher=New Vision (Kampala)}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano 2011, mu kiseera ky'okwekalakaasa okwali mu kibangirizi kya Tahrir([[:en:Tahrir_Square_protests|Tahrir Square protests]]) mu kibuga [[:en:Cairo|Cairo]], Misiri, Mamdani yayitibwa okwogerako mu [[:en:American_University_of_Cairo|Yunivasite y’Amerika e Cairo]]. Ng’ayogera eri abayizi mu [[:en:University_of_KwaZulu-Natal|yunivasite y’e KwaZulu-Natal]] mu South Africa mu 2012, kino yakigeraageranya n’obwegugungo obwaliwo mu Soweto ([[:en:1976_Soweto_uprising|Soweto Uprising]]) mu 1976 . <ref name="kwazulu2012">{{Cite web |date=24 April 2012 |title=Address on Receiving an Honorary Doctorate at the University of Kwazulu Natal |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/mesaas/images/faculty/news/Mamdani%20commencement.pdf |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumi 2011, Mamdani (nga bali wamu ne Rhoda Ann Kanaaneh) y'eyali omwogezi omukulu mu lukungaana lw’eggwanga olwasooka olw’abayizi olwa [[:en:Students_for_Justice_in_Palestine|Students for Justice in Palestine]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Silver |first=Carly |date=2011-10-16 |title=Reporting live from the first-ever SJP National Conference |url=https://newvoices.org/2011/10/15/reporting-live-from-the-first-ever-sjp-national-conference/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=New Voices |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nathan-Kazis |first=Josh |date=2011-10-11 |title=Pro-Palestinian Student Activists Plan First National Conference |url=https://forward.com/news/144173/pro-palestinian-student-activists-plan-push/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=The Forward |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2017 yayitibwa okuwa omusomo ku lunaku lwa [[:en:TB_Davie_Memorial_Lecture|TB Davie Memorial]] ku ddembe ly'okusoma mu Yunivasite y'e Cape Town, era emboozi ye, eyatuumibwa "Decolonising the Post-Colonial University" yaleetawo okukubaganya ebirowoozo kungi. <ref name="uwn20183">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="davis20172">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> Okuva mu Gwekkumineebiri 2017 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2018, Mamdani yaweereza nga Rajni Kothari Chair Professor mu [[:en:Centre_for_the_Study_of_Developing_Societies|Center for the Study of Developing Societies]] mu [[:en:Delhi|Delhi,]] Buyindi. Oluvannyuma lw'ekisanja kye okuggwako, nga 4 Ogwokuna 2018 yawa omusomo gwa Rajni Kothari Chair ogutegekebwa buli mwaka, ogwatuumibwa "Okulowooza ku bwenkanya okuyita mu bumanyirivu bw'Afirika mu kyasa eky'amakumi abiri". <ref name="csds2">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Alabikidde mu firimu z’ebyafaayo ng’omukugu okugeza, ''[[:en:Rwanda:_The_Untold_Story|Rwanda: The Untold Story]]'' (2014, [[:en:BBC|BBC]] ), ''The Dictator’s Playbook'' (2018, [[:en:PBS|PBS]] ) ne ''[[:en:How_to_Become_a_Tyrant|How to Become a Tyrant]]'' (2021, [[:en:Netflix|Netflix]]). <ref>{{Cite AV media|url=https://www.pbs.org/video/idi-amin-3ol3rz/|title=The Dictator's Playbook {{!}} Idi Amin {{!}} Episode 6|language=en|publisher=[[PBS]]|via=}}</ref> Yalabikira mu firimu ya [[:en:Cameo_appearance|cameo]] ,mu firimu ya 2012 ''eya [[:en:The_Reluctant_Fundamentalist_(film)|The Reluctant Fundamentalist]]'', eyakulemberwamu mukyala we. <ref>{{Cite AV media|title=[[The Reluctant Fundamentalist]]|date=2012|last=Nair|first=Mira|publisher=[[IFC Films]]}}</ref> Mu 2024, yeegatta ku [[:en:Gaza_tribunal|Gaza Tribunal]], eyagenderera "okuzuukusa ebibiina by'obwannakyewa ku buvunaanyizibwa bwabyo n'okukomya ekittabantu kya Yisirayiri mu Gaza." <ref>{{Cite web |title=Home |url=https://gazatribunal.com/ |access-date=2025-12-07 |website=Gaza Tribunal |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title='Gaza Tribunal' established in London to seek justice for war crimes in Gaza |url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/europe/-gaza-tribunal-established-in-london-to-seek-justice-for-war-crimes-in-gaza/3383887 |access-date=2026-01-07 |website=www.aa.com.tr}}</ref> == Okusiimibwa == Mu 2008, mu kunoonyereza okwakolebwa ku mutimbagano mu lwatu, Mamdani yalondebwa ng'owomwenda ku bantu abagezi abasinga mu nsi yonna ku lukalala lw'abagezigezi 100 okuva mu ''[[:en:Prospect_(magazine)|Prospect Magazine]]'' (UK) ne ''[[:en:Foreign_Policy|Foreign Policy]]'' (US). <ref>{{Cite web |date=2008 |title=The 2008 List |url=http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/prospect-100-intellectuals/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090930143349/http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/prospect-100-intellectuals/ |archive-date=30 September 2009 |publisher=[[Prospect (magazine)|Prospect Magazine]] (UK) / [[Foreign Policy]] (US)}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |date=2008 |title=The World's Top 20 Public Intellectuals |journal=Foreign Policy |publisher=Slate Group, LLC |issue=167 |pages=54–57 |issn=0015-7228 |eissn=1945-2276 |jstor=25462318}}</ref> Mu Gwomusanvu 2017, Mamdani yalondebwa okubeera [[:en:Corresponding_Fellow_of_the_British_Academy|Omukwanaganya wa British Academy (FBA)]], ettendekero ly’eggwanga erya Bungereza erikola ku by’obuntubulamu ne ssaayansi w’embeera z’abantu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 July 2017 |title=Elections to the British Academy celebrate the diversity of UK research |url=http://www.britac.ac.uk/news/elections-british-academy-celebrate-diversity-uk-research |access-date=29 July 2017 |website=British Academy}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano nga 28, 2018 ( [[:en:Africa_Day|Africa Day]] ), Mamdani yalondebwa okuba pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa mu Center for African Studies mu Yunivasite y’e Cape Town. Dayirekita wa CAS [[:en:Lungisile_Ntsebeza|Lungisile Ntsebeza]], okulondebwa kuno yakuyita kwa "byafaayo mu bitongole", era nga kikulu mu nteekateeka y'okufuna obwetwaze bwa yunivasite m okuva mu kwekalakaasa kw'abayizi okwa " [[:en:Rhodes_Must_Fall|Rhodes Must Fall]] " mu Gwokusatu 2015. Abakulembeze b'abayizi bangi baali balaze obukulu bwa Ssikaala ya Mamdani, era okusinziira ku kino, UCT yandibadde ekola enkyukakyuka ez'omuggundu ku ntegeka y'ensoma. <ref name="uwn20184">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="cas20183">{{Cite web|title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT|website=Centre for African Studies, UCT|date=28 May 2018|url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-date=7 November 2025|url-status=live|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Prof Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/contacts/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041546/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/contacts/mahmood-mamdani |archive-date=4 Oct 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Faculty of Humanities}}</ref> === Engule n’okusunsulwa === * 1997: [[:en:Herskovits_Prize|Herskovits Prize]] for ''[[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]''<ref name="cas20184">{{cite web |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT|website=Centre for African Studies, UCT|date=28 May 2018|url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-date=7 November 2025|url-status=live|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> * 1999: [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|University of Cape Town]] Book Award for ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism''<ref>{{cite web |title=UCT Book Award |url=https://www.uct.ac.za/about/honours/bookaward/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130404065845/http://www.uct.ac.za/about/honours/bookaward/ |archive-date=4 April 2013 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[University of Cape Town]]}}</ref> * 2009: GDS Eminent Scholar Award from the [[:en:International_Studies_Association|International Studies Association]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=GDS Eminent Scholar Award Past Recipients |url=https://www.isanet.org/Programs/Awards/GDS-Eminent-Scholar/Past-Recipients |access-date=16 January 2019 |website=www.isanet.org}}</ref> * 2011: [[:en:H._F._Lenfest|Lenfest]] Distinguished Faculty Award<ref>{{cite web |date=15 April 2011 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani Recognized with Lenfest Award |url=http://www.sipa.columbia.edu/news_events/announcements/MahmoodMamdaniFacultyAward04152011.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121221034143/http://sipa.columbia.edu/news_events/announcements/MahmoodMamdaniFacultyAward04152011.html |archive-date=21 December 2012 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[School of International and Public Affairs, Columbia University]]}}</ref> * 2012: Scholar of the Year at the 2nd Annual African Diaspora Awards for his immense contribution to African Scholarship<ref>{{cite web |date=19 November 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani Is To Be Honored As "Scholar of the Year" At The Annual African Diaspora Awards NYC |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/news/prof-mamdani-be-honored-scholar-year-annual-african-diaspora-awards-nyc |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University|MISR]]}}</ref> * 2012: Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012<ref name="diaspora2">{{cite web |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora|title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012|date=29 November 2012|publisher=ugandandiaspora.com|access-date=21 March 2013|archive-date=1 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora|url-status=dead}}</ref> * 2021: ''[[:en:Neither_Settler_Nor_Native:_The_Making_and_Unmaking_of_Permanent_Minorities|Neither Settler Nor Native: The Making and Unmaking of Permanent Minorities]]'' (2020), shortlisted for the [[:en:British_Academy_Book_Prize_for_Global_Cultural_Understanding|British Academy Book Prize for Global Cultural Understanding]], and as "World History Finalist" by Association of American Publishers Awards for Professional and Scholarly Excellence ([[:en:PROSE_Awards|PROSE Awards]])<ref name="bio23">{{cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani|website=Department of Anthropology|url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> === Diguli ez’ekitiibwa === * 25 Ogwokutaano 2010: [[:en:University_of_Johannesburg|University of Johannesburg]], [[:en:DLitt|DLitt]] ([[:en:Honoris_Causa|Honoris Causa]])<ref>{{cite web |date=May 2010 |title=Mahmood Mamdani conferred with an honorary doctorate |url=http://www.uj.ac.za/EN/Newsroom/News/Pages/MahmoodMamdaniconferredwithanhonorarydoctorate201006222.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130421210222/http://www.uj.ac.za/EN/Newsroom/News/Pages/MahmoodMamdaniconferredwithanhonorarydoctorate201006222.aspx |archive-date=21 April 2013 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[University of Johannesburg]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=25 May 2010 |title=Speech delivered by Professor Prof Mahmood Mamdani at the University of Johannesburg, South Africa |url=http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech-2.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501065506/http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech-2.pdf |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[CODESRIA]]}}</ref> * 24 Ogwomusanvu 2010: [[:en:Addis_Ababa_University|Addis Ababa University]], DLitt (Honoris Causa)<ref>{{cite web |date=24 July 2010 |title=Remarks on receipt of Honorary Doctorate at Addis Ababa University |url=http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech_2-2.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501065507/http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech_2-2.pdf |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[CODESRIA]]}}</ref> * 24 Ogwokuna 2012: [[:en:University_of_KwaZulu-Natal|University of KwaZulu-Natal]], DLitt (Honoris Causa)<ref>{{cite web |date=12 April 2012 |title=Media Statement: UKZN To honour leading South Africans and women graduates excel |url=http://www.ukzn.ac.za/docs/media-releases/graduation-2012.docx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305015502/http://www.ukzn.ac.za/docs/media-releases/graduation-2012.docx |archive-date=5 March 2016 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[University of KwaZulu-Natal]] |format=[[MS Word]]}}</ref><ref name="kwazulu20122">{{cite web |date=24 April 2012 |title=Address on Receiving an Honorary Doctorate at the University of Kwazulu Natal |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/mesaas/images/faculty/news/Mamdani%20commencement.pdf |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> == Obulamu bwe ng'omuntu == Mamdani yawasa [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]], dayirekita wa firimu era pulodyusa Omuyindi ng’abeera mu Amerika, mu 1991. Baasooka kusisinkana mu [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, n’oluvannyuma ne baddamu mu Kampala, Uganda, mu 1989 Nair bwe yali akola okunoonyereza ku firimu ye, ''[[Mississippi Masala]]'' . <ref name="lahr2002">{{cite interview|first=Mira|last=Nair|interviewer-last=Lahr|interviewer-first=John|title=Whirlwind|website=[[The New Yorker]]|date=2 December 2002|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|url-access=subscription|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141022030926/http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|archive-date=22 October 2014|url-status=live|quote=Published in the print edition of the December 9, 2002, issue.}}</ref> <ref name="indian tele2">{{Cite web|url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp|url-status=dead|archive-date=2 February 2009|title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly|last=Sen|first=Manjula|date=25 January 2009|access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref>Baagattibwa mu 1991. Mu 2025 Mamdani ne Nair babeera mu kitundu kya [[:en:Morningside_Heights|Morningside Heights]] mu [[:en:Manhattan|Manhattan]], okumpi ne Yunivaasite y'e Columbia. <ref name="haag20252">{{Cite web|last=Haag|first=Matthew|last2=Goldberg|first2=Emma|title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics|website=[[The New York Times]]|date=27 June 2025|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html|archive-date=7 October 2025|url-status=live|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news}}</ref> Omwana wa Mamdani ne Nair omu yekka, [[Zohran Mamdani]], yazaalibwa mu Kampala mu 1991. Mu 1996 famire ye yasengukira e [[:en:Cape_Town|Cape Town]], South Africa, Mamdani okutwala omulimu gw’okukulira enteekateeka y’okusoma eby'Afirika mu Yunivasite y’e Cape Town, era n’abeerayo okumala emyaka nga esatu. <ref name="lahr20022">{{cite interview|first=Mira|last=Nair|interviewer-last=Lahr|interviewer-first=John|title=Whirlwind|website=[[The New Yorker]]|date=2 December 2002|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|url-access=subscription|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141022030926/http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|archive-date=22 October 2014|url-status=live|quote=Published in the print edition of the December 9, 2002, issue.}}</ref> Nga mu mwaka gwa 1999 baagenda mu Amerika ne basenga mu New York. <ref name="lahr20023">{{cite interview|first=Mira|last=Nair|interviewer-last=Lahr|interviewer-first=John|title=Whirlwind|website=[[The New Yorker]]|date=2 December 2002|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|url-access=subscription|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141022030926/http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|archive-date=22 October 2014|url-status=live|quote=Published in the print edition of the December 9, 2002, issue.}}</ref> Zohran yafuuka munnabyabufuzi era abadde [[:en:Mayor_of_New_York_City|Meeya w'ekibuga New York]] okuva nga 1 Ogwoluberyeberye 2026, ng'abadde mmemba [[:en:New_York_State_Assembly|w'olukiiko olukulu olw'essaza ly'e New York]] okuva mu 2021 okutuuka mu 2025. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kitunzi |first=Yahudu |date=June 7, 2025 |title=Mamdani's mayoral goal puts Uganda on the map |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/mamdani-s-mayoral-goal-puts-uganda-on-the-map-5072356 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250609023734/https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/mamdani-s-mayoral-goal-puts-uganda-on-the-map-5072356 |archive-date=June 9, 2025 |access-date=June 7, 2025 |website=[[Daily Monitor|Monitor]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Muhumuza |first=Rodney |date=3 November 2025 |title=In Uganda, where Zohran Mamdani was born, NYC mayoral hopeful is recalled with pride |url=https://apnews.com/article/uganda-zohran-mamdani-mayor-election-new-york-d41260eeef2438498a3aa04118fbd2df |access-date=5 November 2025 |website=[[AP News]] |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news}}</ref> Kampeyini ze ez'obwameeya zawagirwa bazadde be. <ref name="haag20253">{{Cite web|last=Haag|first=Matthew|last2=Goldberg|first2=Emma|title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics|website=[[The New York Times]]|date=27 June 2025|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html|archive-date=7 October 2025|url-status=live|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> == Ebyawandiikibwako == === Ebitabo === * ''The Myth of Population Control: Family, Class and Caste in an Indian Village'' (1972) * ''From Citizen to Refugee: Ugandan Asians Come to Britain'' (1973)<ref>{{cite book |last1=Mamdani |first1=Mahmood |date=2011 |title=From Citizen to Refugee: Uganda Asians Come to Britain |publisher=Pambazuka Press |isbn=9781906387570 |edition=Second}}</ref> * ''Politics and Class Formation in Uganda'' (1976)<ref>{{cite book |last1=Mamdani |first1=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and Class Formation in Uganda |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=9780853453789}}</ref> * ''Imperialism and Fascism in Uganda'' (1984)<ref>{{cite book |last1=Mamdan |first1=Mohamad |date=1984 |title=Imperialism and Fascism in Uganda |publisher=Africa World Press |isbn=9780865430297}}</ref> * ''Academic Freedom in Africa'' (1994) * ''[[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism]]'' (1996)<ref>{{cite book |last1=Mamdani |first1=Mahmood |date=1996 |title=Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism |publisher=Princeton University Press |isbn=9780691027937}}</ref> * ''When Victims Become Killers: Colonialism, Nativism and Genocide in Rwanda'' (2001)<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=28 January 2020 |title=When Victims Become Killers |publisher=Princeton University Press |isbn=978-0-691-19383-0 |language=en |doi=10.1515/9780691193830}}</ref> * ''Understanding the Crisis in Kivu''<ref>{{Cite web |title=African Books Collective: Understanding the Crisis in Kivu |url=https://www.africanbookscollective.com/books/understanding-the-crisis-in-kivu |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=www.africanbookscollective.com}}</ref> * ''Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: America, the Cold War and the Roots of Terror'' (2004)<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2002 |title=Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: A Political Perspective on Culture and Terrorism |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/3567254 |journal=American Anthropologist |volume=104 |issue=3 |pages=766–775 |doi=10.1525/aa.2002.104.3.766 |issn=0002-7294 |jstor=3567254 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> * ''Scholars in the Marketplace. The Dilemmas of Neo-Liberal Reform at Makerere University, 1989–2005'' (2007)<ref>{{cite book |last1=Mamdani |first1=Mahmood |date=2007 |title=Scholars in the Marketplace. The Dilemmas of Neo-Liberal Reform at Makerere University, 1989-2005 |publisher=Codesria |isbn=9782869782013}}</ref> * ''[https://www.codesria.org/spip.php?article1292 Saviors and Survivors: Darfur, Politics, and the War on Terror]'' (2009)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Saviors and Survivors by Mahmood Mamdani: 9780385525961 {{!}} PenguinRandomHouse.com: Books |url=https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/106771/saviors-and-survivors-by-mahmood-mamdani/ |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=PenguinRandomhouse.com |language=en-US}}</ref> * ''Define and Rule: Native as Political Identity'' (The W.E.B. DuBois Lectures) (2012)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Define and Rule — Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.hup.harvard.edu/catalog.php?isbn=9780674050525 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=Harvard University Press |language=en}}</ref> * ''[[:en:Neither_Settler_nor_Native|Neither Settler nor Native: The Making and Unmaking of Permanent Minorities]]'' (2020) * ''Slow Poison: Idi Amin, Yoweri Museveni, and the Making of the Ugandan State'' (2025) === Emboozi ezikungaanyiziddwa === * ''Beyond Rights Talk and Culture Talk: Comparative Essays on the Politics of Rights and Culture'' (2000)<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2000 |title=Beyond Rights Talk and Culture Talk: Comparative Essays on the Politics of Rights and Culture |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yqb7wAEACAAJ |publisher=St. Martin's Press |isbn=978-0-312-23498-0 |language=en}}</ref> === Ebitabo ebisunsuddwa === * ''Uganda Studies in Labour'' (Codesria Book Series) (1968)<ref>{{Cite web |title=African Books Collective: Uganda Studies in Labour |url=https://www.africanbookscollective.com/books/uganda-studies-in-labour |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=www.africanbookscollective.com}}</ref> === Ebirala === * ''Studies in Labor Markets'' (National Bureau of Economic Research Universities-National Bureau Conference Ser) * ''African Studies in Social Movements and Democracy'' (Actes-Sud Papiers) == Laba ne == == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 9wrhk3fglwrn4ldpz0rja27twlw46t3 48729 48728 2026-05-03T11:02:59Z Charles Kalanzi 9748 48729 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mahmood Mamdani''' [ a ] FBA (yazaalibwa 23 Ogwokuna 1946) munnayuganda [[:en:Anthropologist|omukugu mu by'enkula y'abantu]], munnaby'anjigiriza, era omukugu mu by'obufuzi. Ye Herbert Lehman Pulofeesa wa Gavumenti era pulofeesa w’ensonga z'ekikula ky'abantu, [[:en:Political_science|ssaayansi w’ebyobufuzi]], n’okunoonyereza [[:en:African_studies|ku nsoma y'Afirika]] mu [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]] . Era akola nga Ccansala wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda, era nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa ku Center for African Studis mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y'e Cape Town]] . Emabegako yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole kya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. Mamdani mukugu mu kusoma ebyobufuzi bya Afrika n’ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw’amatwale]] n’oluvannyuma [[:en:Postcolonialism|lw'obufuzi bw’amatwale]], n’ebyobufuzi [[:en:Knowledge_economy|by’ebyenfuna]] . Mufumbo nga mukazi we ye [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]] omuzannyi wa firimu . Ye ne Nair be bazadde ba [[:en:New_York_City_Mayor|Meeya w'ekibuga New York]] [[Zohran Mamdani]] . == Obuto bwe n’okusoma == Mahmood Mamdani yazaalibwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1946 mu [[:en:Bombay|kibuga Bombay]] (kati Mumbai), Buyindi, ng’ebula omwaka gumu [[:en:British_Raj|enfuga ya Bungereza]] ekome. <ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/education/news/mahmood-mamdani-education-and-career-path-how-zohran-mamdanis-father-built-a-legacy-of-revolution-through-ideas-and-exile/articleshow/122064130.cms "Mahmood Mamdani education and career path: How Zohran Mamdani's father built a legacy of revolution through ideas and exile"]. ''The Times of India''. 25 June 2025. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN&nbsp;]][https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-8257 0971-825]7. Retrieved 13 July 2025.</ref> <ref name="codesria">{{Cite web |title=Pr. Mahmood Mamdani (1998-2002) |url=https://codesria.org/pr-mahmood-mamdani-1998-2002/ |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> Yakulira mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=23 February 2021 |title=Mahmood Mamdani on Uganda |url=https://africasacountry.com/2011/04/mamdani-on-uganda |website=Africa is a Country}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Permanent Minorities and the Politics of Survivors: A conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://worldpeacefoundation.org/blog/permanent-minorities-and-the-politics-of-survivors-a-conversation-with-mahmood-mamdani/ |website=World Peace Foundation}}</ref> ng'omu ku [[:en:Indian_diaspora_in_Southeast_Africa|Bayindi ababundabunda mu bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba bwa Afrika]] . Bazadde be bombi, [[:en:Gujarati_Muslim|basiraamu Abagujarati]], baazaalibwa era ne bakulira mu kitundu kya Bungereza eky'amatwale ki [[:en:Tanganyika_Territory|Tanganyika]] (leero Tanzania). Abafumbo bano baagenda e Bombay olwo kitaawe n’asomerayo mu ttendekero ekkulu. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Chen |first=Kuan-Hsing |last2=Gao |first2=Shiming |last3=Tang |first3=Xiaolin |date=2016 |title=The formation of an African intellectual: an interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |journal=Inter-Asia Cultural Studies |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=456–480 |doi=10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref>Muhoozi, Mourice (6 March 2022). [https://www.watchdoguganda.com/news/20220306/131449/meet-ugandas-most-iconic-academician-prof-mahmood-mamdani.html "Meet Uganda's most Iconic academician, Prof. Mahmood Mamdani"]. ''Watchdog Uganda''</ref> Famire yaddayo e [[:en:Dar_es_Salaam|Dar es Salaam]], Tanganyika, nga Mamdani wa myaka ebiri, ne bagenda e Uganda nga wa myaka etaano oba mukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Mu kiseera ekyo, Uganda yali yayawulwamu okusinziira ku mawanga, omuli abantu gye babeera, amasomero, emizikiti, n’ebifo abaana we bazannyira. Okusoma kwe mu pulayimale, Mamdani yasooka kugenda mu [[:en:Madrasa|madarasa]], n’oluvannyuma mu Government Indian Primary School. <ref name=":8"/> Yakula ng'ayogera [[:en:Gujarati_language|Olugujarati]], [[:en:Urdu|Oluurdu]] [[:en:Swahili_language|n'Oluswayiri]] . Yatandika okusoma Olungereza mu kibiina eky’omukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Oluvannyuma lw’okusoma siniya ey’awansi, yasomera ku Old Kampala Senior Secondary School, gye yali omuwandiisi w’ekibiina kya Do-it-Yourself Physics. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uganda: Buganda And Uganda At Crossroads |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090826030635/http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |archive-date=26 August 2009 |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=AllAfrica}}</ref> Mamdani yali omu ku bayizi Bannayuganda 23 abaali mu kibiina kya [[:en:The_Kennedy_Airlift|Kennedy Airlift]] mu 1963, enteekateeka ya sikaala eyaweebwa ssente okuva mu Amerika eyaleetera ebikumi n’ebikumi by'abayizi okuva mu [[:en:East_Africa|Buvanjuba bwa Afrika]] okusomera ku yunivasite mu Amerika ne Canada wakati wa 1959 ne 1963. <ref name="indian tele">{{Cite web |last=Sen |first=Manjula |date=25 January 2009 |title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |archive-date=2 February 2009 |access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref> Mamdani yatikkirwa diguli ya Bachelor of Arts okuva mu [[:en:University_of_Pittsburgh|Yunivasite y’e Pittsburgh]] <ref name="codesria"/> mu 1967. <ref>{{Cite book |date=1 January 2010 |title=International Encyclopedia of Civil Society |url=https://link.springer.com/referencework/10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |vauthors=((Anheier, H. K.)), ((Toepler, S.)) |publisher=Springer US |isbn=978-0-387-93994-0 |editor-last=Anheier |editor-first=Helmut K. |doi=10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |editor-last2=Toepler |editor-first2=Stefan}}</ref> Yali omu ku bayizi abangi mu bukiikakkono bwa Amerika abaali mu lugendo lwa bbaasi mu bukiikaddyo okutuuka e [[:en:Montgomery,_Alabama|Montgomery, Alabama]], olwategekebwa [[:en:Student_Nonviolent_Coordinating_Committee|akakiiko akakwasaganya abayizi abatali ba ffujjo]] mu Gwokusatu 1965 okwetaba mu kaweefube w'okulwanirira [[:en:Civil_rights_movement|eddembe ly’obuntu]] . Kino kyaliwo mu kiseera ky’okutambula okuva e [[:en:Selma_to_Montgomery_marches|Selma okutuuka e Montgomery]], naye nga kyo kya njawulo. Yasibibwa mu kkomera mu kutambula kuno era n’akkirizibwa okukuba essimu. Mamdani yakubira [[:en:Embassy_of_Uganda,_Washington,_D.C.|omubaka wa Uganda]] e [[:en:Washington,_DC|Washington, DC]], amuyambe. Omubaka yamubuuza lwaki "ayingirira ensonga z'omunda mu nsi engwira", n'amuddamu nti teyali nsonga ya munda wabula olutalo lw'eddembe era nti nabo eddembe lyabwe baali bakalifuna omwaka ogwakaggwa. <ref name="pambazuka">{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=28 April 2007 |title=The Asian question again: A reflection |url=http://www.pambazuka.org/en/category/comment/41273 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]] (Uganda) |via=pambazuka.org}}</ref> Amangu ddala nga wayiseewo akaseera katono, Mamdani yategeera ku mulimu gwa [[:en:Karl_Marx|Karl Marx]] okuva mu kukyala kwe ku FBI. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Shringarpure |first=Bhakti |author-link=Bhakti Shringarpure |date=15 July 2013 |title=In Conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.warscapes.com/conversations/conversation-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=6 November 2017 |website=Warscapes |language=en |quote=I thought the guy Marx had just died. […] So that was my introduction to Karl Marx.}}</ref> Yasomera ku [[:en:Fletcher_School_of_Law_and_Diplomacy|Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy]] mu [[:en:Tufts_University|Yunivasite ya Tufts]] era mu 1968 yatikkirwa diguli ya Master of Arts mu [[:en:Political_science|byobufuzi]] ne Master of Arts mu mateeka ne diplomacy mu 1969. Yafuna diguli ye [[:en:Doctor_of_philosophy|eyookusatu]] mu gavumenti okuva mu [[:en:Harvard_University|Yunivasite y'e Harvard]] mu 1974, wansi w’obulagirizi bwa [[:en:Karl_Deutsch|Karl Deutsch]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and class formation in Uganda |url=http://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=978-0-85345-378-9 |location=New York |via=Internet Archive}}</ref> Omulamwa kw'eyatambuliza ddiguli ye eyookusatu yagiwa omutwe "''Politics and Class Formation in Uganda."'' <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and Class Formation in Uganda |url=https://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=0-85345-378-0 |location=New York |oclc=2073894 |url-access=registration}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Allen |first=Judith Van |last2=Mamdani |first2=Mahmood |last3=Shivji |first3=Issa G. |date=November 1977 |title=Reviewed Works: Politics and Class Formation in Uganda. by Mahmood Mamdani; Class Struggles in Tanzania. by Issa G. Shivji |journal=Contemporary Sociology |publisher=American Sociological Association |volume=6 |issue=6 |pages=702 |doi=10.2307/2066367 |issn=0094-3061 |eissn=1939-8638 |jstor=2066367}}</ref> == Emirimu gye == Mamdani yakomawo mu Uganda ku ntandikwa ya 1972 era naweebwa omulimu ku [[Makerere University, Uganda|yunivasite y'e Makerere]] mu Kampala [[:en:Teaching_assistant|ng'ayambako omusomesa]], mu kiseera kye kimu yali akola ku kunoonyereza kwe okwa ddiguli eyookusatu. . Ye n’Abaasia abasinga obungi [[:en:Expulsion_of_Asians_from_Uganda|baagobebwa]] mu Uganda ku nkomerero y’omwaka ogwo [[Idi Amin]] olw’amawanga gaabwe; Amin yali agenderera "kuzzaawo" bizinensi n'ebintu. Mamdani yava mu Uganda n’agenda mu nkambi y’ababundabunda mu Bungereza ku ntandikwa y'omwezi Gwekkuminoogumu. <ref name="lrb2022">{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2022-10-06 |title=The Asian Question |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v44/n19/mahmood-mamdani/the-asian-question |journal=[[London Review of Books]] |language=en |volume=44 |issue=19 |issn=0260-9592 |access-date=2025-09-08}}</ref> Yava e Bungereza mu makkati ga 1973 oluvannyuma lw’okuyingizibwa mu [[:en:University_of_Dar_es_Salaam|Yunivasite y’e Dar es Salaam]] mu Tanzania. <ref name="pambazuka"/> <ref name="cas2018">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> <ref name="bio2">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> Mu Dar es Salaam, yamaliriza okuwandiika dissertation ye. Yali mujjumbize nnyo n’ebibiina ebiwakanya Amin. Mu 1979, yeetaba mu Ttabamiruka w’e Moshi ng’omutunuulizi. Yaddayo mu Uganda oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa ku bukulembeze oluvannyuma lw'olutalo lwa [[Olutalo lwa Uganda ne Tanzania|Uganda ne Tanzania]] mu 1979. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McCormack |first=Pete |date=17 October 2005 |title=Interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.petemccormack.com/interview_mamdani_001.htm |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=petemccormack.com}}</ref> <ref name="bio2" /> Mu kiseera kino, yakozesebwa ng'omutendeke mu kibiina kya [[:en:All_Africa_Conference_of_Churches|All Africa Conference of Churches]], omukago [[:en:Ecumenical_Christian|gw'Abakristaayo ogw'ensi yonna]] ogusangibwa e [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, ng'akolera mu ofiisi [[:en:Church_of_Uganda|y'Ekkanisa ya Uganda]] mu Kampala. <ref name="lrb2022"/> Okuva mu 1980 (oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa mu ntebe mu 1979) okutuuka mu 1993 yaddamu okukolera yunivasite y’e Makerere. <ref name="bio2"/> <ref name="lrb2022"/>​[[Milton Obote|​]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kagolo |first=Francis |date=8 February 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani to be honoured among Africa's best |url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/628869-prof-mamdani-to-be-honoured-among-africa-s-best.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]]}}</ref> Yaddayo e Dar es Salaam. Oluvannyuma lwa Obote okugobwa mu ntebe omulundi ogwokubiri, Mamdani yaddamu okudda mu Uganda mu Gwomukaaga 1986. <ref name="indian tele"/> Yali dayirekita eyatandikawo ekitongole kya Centre for Basic Research (CBR), ekitongole kya Uganda ekitali kya gavumenti ekyasooka mu kunoonyereza, mwe yaweereza okuva mu 1987 okutuuka mu 1996. <ref name="diaspora">{{Cite web |date=29 November 2012 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012 |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=ugandandiaspora.com}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> <ref name="csds">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Yaliko pulofeesa omugenyi ku [[:en:University_of_Durban-Westville|Yunivasite y’e Durban]] - [[:en:Westville,_KwaZulu-Natal|Westville]] mu South Africa (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka mu Gwomukaaga 1993), ku [[:en:Nehru_Memorial_Museum_&_Library|Nehru Memorial Museum & Library]] e New Delhi (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka Gwomukaaga 1995), ne mu [[:en:Princeton_University|Yunivasite y'e Princeton]] (1995–96). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vance |first=Dara |date=2015-11-20 |title=UK Committee on Social Theory Hosts Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://uknow.uky.edu/uk-happenings/uk-committee-social-theory-hosts-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=UKNow}}</ref> Mu 1996, yalondebwa okubeera omukulembeze w’entebe ya [[:en:Archibald_Campbell_Jordan|AC Jordan]] ey'ensoma y'Afirika mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y’e Cape Town]], <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 March 2011 |title=UCT in war over 'bantu education' |url=http://mg.co.za/article/2011-03-11-uct-in-war-over-bantu-education |access-date=22 March 2013}}</ref> era ku ntandikwa ya 1997 n’afuuka akulira [[:en:Centre_for_African_Studies|ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku by'ensoma y'Afirika]] (CAS). <ref name="uwn2018">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> Yavaawo oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obutakkaanya n'abasomesa (abasinga obungi abazungu) ku bbago ly'ensoma ye ey'omusomo ogw'omusingi ku Afrika oguyitibwa "Problematising Africa". <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=June 1, 1998 |title=Is African studies to be turned into a new home for Bantu education at UCT? |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/02533959808458649 |journal=Social Dynamics |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=63–75 |doi=10.1080/02533959808458649 |issn=0253-3952 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> Mamdani, eyalaga nti ensoma eriwo eya " [[:en:Bantu_Education_Act,_1953|Bantu studies]] " (mu kujjuliza ku kusomesa Abaddugavu wansi w'enfuga [[:en:Apartheid|y'obusosoze]] ) <ref name="cas2018" /> yayimirizibwa era okukkakkana ng'alekulidde. <ref name="davis2017">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> "Ensonga ya Mamdani" ekyayogerwako mu kukubaganya ebirowoozo ku [[:en:Decolonization_of_higher_education_in_South_Africa|kununula amatendekero aga waggulu okuva mu nsoma y'abamatwale]] . Oluvannyuma yagamba nti teyalina busungu ku muntu yenna, era yalina enkolagana ennungi ekiseera kye yamalayo. Yagamba nti obutakwatagana bwali ku njawulo mu ndowooza n'addala ensengeka y’ensoma ku bikwata ku kusoma South Africa ng’ensi ya Afrika. Oluvannyuma (2018) yakomezebwawo nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa asuutibwa. [ b ] <ref name="uwn2018" /> Mu 1999, Mamdani yalondebwa okuba dayirekita w’ekitongole ekikola ku by’okunoonyereza ku Afirika mu yunivasite ya Columbia, ekifo kye yalina okutuusa mu 2004. <ref name="uwn2018"/> Okuva olwo abadde asomesa eyo (nga 2025). <ref name="haag2025">{{Cite web |last=Haag |first=Matthew |last2=Goldberg |first2=Emma |date=27 June 2025 |title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |archive-date=7 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku mbeera z’abantu ekya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=18 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University]] |archive-date=2 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002055113/http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Agaba |first=John |title=Mamdani talks about his research legacy and work at Makerere |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20220329112608625 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="bio2"/> Okutuuka mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2025 [[:en:Columbia_University#Academics|pulofeesa wa Herbert Lehman mu Gavumenti]] era pulofeesa ku nkula y'abantu, okusoma saayansi w'ebyobufuzi [[:en:African_studies|n'okusoma ku Afirika]] ku [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]].<ref name="bio2" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Faculty Bio: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/anthropology/fac-bios/mamdani/faculty.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Era akola nga chancellor wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://kiu.ac.ug/news-page.php?i=press-release-kampala-international-university-kiu-appoints-prof-mahmood-mamdani-as-chancellor |access-date=24 August 2020 |publisher=[[Kampala International University]]}}</ref> == Okunoonyereza n'okuwandiika == Mamdani yeemalira mu kunoonyereza ku byobufuzi bya Afirika n'eby'ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw'amatwale]] [[:en:Postcolonialism|n'oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale]], n'ebyobufuzi by'ebyenfuna. Ebitabo bye byekenneenya enkolagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'ebyobuwangwa, okugeraageranya [[:en:Colonialism|okufugibwa kw'amatwale]] okuva mu 1452, ebyafaayo by'entalo z'omunda [[:en:Genocide|n'ekitta bantu]] mu Afirika, [[:en:Cold_War|Olutalo olw'Ensi Yonna olw'ebigambo]] [[:en:War_on_terror|n'olutalo ku butujju]], n'ebyafaayo by'eddembe ly'obuntu.<ref>vSneh, Itai Nartzizenfield (2008). [https://books.google.com/books?id=iax4AAAAMAAJ ''The Future Almost Arrived: How Jimmy Carter Failed to Change U.S. Foreign Policy''.] [[:en:Peter_Lang_(publishing_company)|Peter Lang]]. p. 169. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780820481852|9780820481852]]</bdi>.</ref> Okunoonyereza kwe okw'omwaka 2016 kwatandikira ku kitabo kye eky'omwaka 1996, [[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]. <ref>[http://polisci.columbia.edu/people/profile/96 "Mahmood Mamdani | Department of Political Science"]. ''polisci.columbia.edu''. Retrieved 21 January 2016.</ref>Mu kitabo ekyo, yagamba nti eggwanga eryafugibwa terisobola kutegeerwa nga tewekenenyeza bulungi eggwanga eryalifuga.Enkola y'obufuzi bw'amatwale mu Afirika yali eddamu okusoomoozebwa kw'ekibuuzo "ekikulu", era yagamba nti yafuuka "amawanga agaabuluziddwamu".<ref name=":0">Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. pp. 15–16. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|<bdi>9780852553992</bdi>.]]</ref>Kino kyali kikolebwa mu ngeri bbiri: ku ludda olumu nga bafuga butereevu, nga kino kyali kikolwa kya "buyinza" era nga kyali kigenderera okuggya abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo ku ddembe ly'obuntu eryali liweebwa abatuuze mu bitundu ebirala, ate ku ludda olulala nga bafuga mu ngeri etali y'abuteerevu, nga kino kyali kikolebwa mu byalo era nga kizingiramu okuyingiza "bannansi" mu "mateeka g'eggwanga" agaateekebwawo ab'obuyinza mu byalo, era nga kino yakiyita "obwannakyemalira obw'okugabanya obuyinza".<ref name=":0" /> Embeera eno yali "yakusika muguwa" era ng'erimu "engeri bbiri ez'obuyinza wansi w'obuyinza obumu".<ref name=":0" /> Oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale, ebibuga byali tebikyayawulamu bantu lwa langi naye ebyalo byali bikyafugibwa abakulembeze abaali mu nkwawa z'abafuzi b'amatwale, ka babe abakulembeze ab'ennono oba b'ebali bakwasizzaobuyinza nga balina ebiruubirirwa by'okufugisa omukono ogw'ekyuma.<ref>Clapham, Chris (1997). "Review: Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism by Mahmood Mamdani'". ''Royal Institute of International Affairs''. '''73''': 606.</ref>Mu ngeri eno obukulembeze bwonna bwaleeta enjawukana mu mawnga era n'ekutondawo obukulembeze bwabwe obw'enjawulo obwannakyemalira.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref> Mamdani yekennenya ebyafaayo mu South Africa ne Uganda okulaga nti obufuzi bw'amatwale bwakozesa obuyinza obuyitiridde era obuyinza obwo bweyongera okubaawo oluvannyuma lw'ameefuga.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. p. 37. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref>Ng’asomooza endowooza eza bulijjo ku busosoze mu South Afrika nga ez’enjawulo, agamba nti [[:en:Apartheid|obusosoze mu mawanga]] bwali ngeri ya bulijjo ey’ettwale lya Bulaaya mu Africa, nga lizingiramu ensonga [[:en:Indirect_rule|z’obufuzi obutali butereevu]] n’okukwatagana<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1 January 1996 |title=Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism |isbn=9780852553992 |pages=16–18}}</ref> Mu kitabo kye ekyafulumizibwa mu 2004 ekya ''Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: America, the Cold War, and the Roots of Terror'' Mamdani yagamba nti [[:en:Suicide_attack|abeetuze]] balina okumanyibwa "ng'ekika ky'omujaasi" era nti balina "okutegeerwa mu ngeri y'effujjo ly'ebyobufuzi ery'omulembe guno okusinga okuvumwavumwa ng'akabonero k'obukambwe". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bickerton |first=James |date=2025-07-11 |title=Zohran Mamdani's father's remark about suicide bombers comes under scrutiny |url=https://www.newsweek.com/zohran-mamdani-father-remark-about-suicide-bombers-comes-under-scrutiny-2097793 |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref> Omuyivu omu yagamba nti kino si kuwagira kwettisa bbomu wabula kwekenneenya okwanenya '"okusalawo kwa Amerika ku nkola y'ensonga z'ebweru naddala mu kiseera ky'olutalo olw'ebigambo", okutondawo embeera [[:en:Islamic_extremism|y'Obusiraamu obw'annalukalala]] [[:en:Political_violence|n'effujjo mu byobufuzi]] " mwe byakulaakulanira. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Murray |first=Conor |date=Jul 11, 2025 |title=Mahmood Mamdani's Work Does Not Advocate Violence, Expert Says |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/conormurray/2025/07/11/sequoias-maguire-unfairly-targets-zohran-mamdanis-father-fellow-academic-says/ |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko bye bifulumiddde mu ''[[:en:London_Review_of_Books|London Review of Books]]'' n'ekampuni ezifulumya ebitabo ebirala.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/contributors/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=London Review of Books |language=en-GB}}</ref> Okusinziira ku CAS, ebiwandiiko bya Mamdani "bibadde bikulu mu kusomebwa abayizi abali ku misomo gyabwe egya undergraduate ne Postgraduate ku UCT ssaako n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo ku nsoma y'ebyafaayo n'ebyobufuzi bya Afirika , nga banonyereza ku nkwatagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'obuwangwa, okugerageranya obufuzi bw'amatwale, entalo ez'omunda mu ggwanga n'ekittabantu mu Afirika".<ref name="uwn20182">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> == Emirimu gy'emirala == Okuva mu 1998 <ref name="bio22">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> oba 1999 okutuuka mu 2002, Mamdani yaweereza nga pulezidenti w'olukiiko olukulaakulanya okunoonyereza ku ssaayansi w'embeera z'abantu mu Afrika ([[:en:Council_for_the_Development_of_Social_Science_Research_in_Africa|Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa]]). <ref name="cas20182">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumineebiri 2001, yawa okwogera ku "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" mu lukungaana lwa [[:en:Nobel_Prize|Nobel Centennial Symposium]] e [[:en:Oslo|Oslo]], Norway. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 December 2001 |title=Speech by Dr. Mahmood Mamdani: "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/mediaplayer/index.php?id=1281 |access-date=24 March 2013 |publisher=Nobel Prize}}</ref> Mu Gwomwenda 2006, Mamdani yali omu ku boogezi abaayitibwa mu lukuŋŋaana lw’ekibiina kya [[:en:Ugandan_North_American_Association_(UNAA)|Uganda North American Association (UNAA)]] mu kibuga New York. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2006-09-05 |title=UNAA Convention was disorganised! |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/news/1141390/unaa-convention-disorganised |access-date=2026-02-18 |publisher=New Vision (Kampala)}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano 2011, mu kiseera ky'okwekalakaasa okwali mu kibangirizi kya Tahrir([[:en:Tahrir_Square_protests|Tahrir Square protests]]) mu kibuga [[:en:Cairo|Cairo]], Misiri, Mamdani yayitibwa okwogerako mu [[:en:American_University_of_Cairo|Yunivasite y’Amerika e Cairo]]. Ng’ayogera eri abayizi mu [[:en:University_of_KwaZulu-Natal|yunivasite y’e KwaZulu-Natal]] mu South Africa mu 2012, kino yakigeraageranya n’obwegugungo obwaliwo mu Soweto ([[:en:1976_Soweto_uprising|Soweto Uprising]]) mu 1976 . <ref name="kwazulu2012">{{Cite web |date=24 April 2012 |title=Address on Receiving an Honorary Doctorate at the University of Kwazulu Natal |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/mesaas/images/faculty/news/Mamdani%20commencement.pdf |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumi 2011, Mamdani (nga bali wamu ne Rhoda Ann Kanaaneh) y'eyali omwogezi omukulu mu lukungaana lw’eggwanga olwasooka olw’abayizi olwa [[:en:Students_for_Justice_in_Palestine|Students for Justice in Palestine]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Silver |first=Carly |date=2011-10-16 |title=Reporting live from the first-ever SJP National Conference |url=https://newvoices.org/2011/10/15/reporting-live-from-the-first-ever-sjp-national-conference/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=New Voices |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nathan-Kazis |first=Josh |date=2011-10-11 |title=Pro-Palestinian Student Activists Plan First National Conference |url=https://forward.com/news/144173/pro-palestinian-student-activists-plan-push/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=The Forward |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2017 yayitibwa okuwa omusomo ku lunaku lwa [[:en:TB_Davie_Memorial_Lecture|TB Davie Memorial]] ku ddembe ly'okusoma mu Yunivasite y'e Cape Town, era emboozi ye, eyatuumibwa "Decolonising the Post-Colonial University" yaleetawo okukubaganya ebirowoozo kungi. <ref name="uwn20183">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="davis20172">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> Okuva mu Gwekkumineebiri 2017 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2018, Mamdani yaweereza nga Rajni Kothari Chair Professor mu [[:en:Centre_for_the_Study_of_Developing_Societies|Center for the Study of Developing Societies]] mu [[:en:Delhi|Delhi,]] Buyindi. Oluvannyuma lw'ekisanja kye okuggwako, nga 4 Ogwokuna 2018 yawa omusomo gwa Rajni Kothari Chair ogutegekebwa buli mwaka, ogwatuumibwa "Okulowooza ku bwenkanya okuyita mu bumanyirivu bw'Afirika mu kyasa eky'amakumi abiri". <ref name="csds2">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Alabikidde mu firimu z’ebyafaayo ng’omukugu okugeza, ''[[:en:Rwanda:_The_Untold_Story|Rwanda: The Untold Story]]'' (2014, [[:en:BBC|BBC]] ), ''The Dictator’s Playbook'' (2018, [[:en:PBS|PBS]] ) ne ''[[:en:How_to_Become_a_Tyrant|How to Become a Tyrant]]'' (2021, [[:en:Netflix|Netflix]]). <ref>{{Cite AV media|url=https://www.pbs.org/video/idi-amin-3ol3rz/|title=The Dictator's Playbook {{!}} Idi Amin {{!}} Episode 6|language=en|publisher=[[PBS]]|via=}}</ref> Yalabikira mu firimu ya [[:en:Cameo_appearance|cameo]] ,mu firimu ya 2012 ''eya [[:en:The_Reluctant_Fundamentalist_(film)|The Reluctant Fundamentalist]]'', eyakulemberwamu mukyala we. <ref>{{Cite AV media|title=[[The Reluctant Fundamentalist]]|date=2012|last=Nair|first=Mira|publisher=[[IFC Films]]}}</ref> Mu 2024, yeegatta ku [[:en:Gaza_tribunal|Gaza Tribunal]], eyagenderera "okuzuukusa ebibiina by'obwannakyewa ku buvunaanyizibwa bwabyo n'okukomya ekittabantu kya Yisirayiri mu Gaza." <ref>{{Cite web |title=Home |url=https://gazatribunal.com/ |access-date=2025-12-07 |website=Gaza Tribunal |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title='Gaza Tribunal' established in London to seek justice for war crimes in Gaza |url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/europe/-gaza-tribunal-established-in-london-to-seek-justice-for-war-crimes-in-gaza/3383887 |access-date=2026-01-07 |website=www.aa.com.tr}}</ref> == Okusiimibwa == Mu 2008, mu kunoonyereza okwakolebwa ku mutimbagano mu lwatu, Mamdani yalondebwa ng'owomwenda ku bantu abagezi abasinga mu nsi yonna ku lukalala lw'abagezigezi 100 okuva mu ''[[:en:Prospect_(magazine)|Prospect Magazine]]'' (UK) ne ''[[:en:Foreign_Policy|Foreign Policy]]'' (US). <ref>{{Cite web |date=2008 |title=The 2008 List |url=http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/prospect-100-intellectuals/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090930143349/http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/prospect-100-intellectuals/ |archive-date=30 September 2009 |publisher=[[Prospect (magazine)|Prospect Magazine]] (UK) / [[Foreign Policy]] (US)}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |date=2008 |title=The World's Top 20 Public Intellectuals |journal=Foreign Policy |publisher=Slate Group, LLC |issue=167 |pages=54–57 |issn=0015-7228 |eissn=1945-2276 |jstor=25462318}}</ref> Mu Gwomusanvu 2017, Mamdani yalondebwa okubeera [[:en:Corresponding_Fellow_of_the_British_Academy|Omukwanaganya wa British Academy (FBA)]], ettendekero ly’eggwanga erya Bungereza erikola ku by’obuntubulamu ne ssaayansi w’embeera z’abantu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 July 2017 |title=Elections to the British Academy celebrate the diversity of UK research |url=http://www.britac.ac.uk/news/elections-british-academy-celebrate-diversity-uk-research |access-date=29 July 2017 |website=British Academy}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano nga 28, 2018 ( [[:en:Africa_Day|Africa Day]] ), Mamdani yalondebwa okuba pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa mu Center for African Studies mu Yunivasite y’e Cape Town. Dayirekita wa CAS [[:en:Lungisile_Ntsebeza|Lungisile Ntsebeza]], okulondebwa kuno yakuyita kwa "byafaayo mu bitongole", era nga kikulu mu nteekateeka y'okufuna obwetwaze bwa yunivasite m okuva mu kwekalakaasa kw'abayizi okwa " [[:en:Rhodes_Must_Fall|Rhodes Must Fall]] " mu Gwokusatu 2015. Abakulembeze b'abayizi bangi baali balaze obukulu bwa Ssikaala ya Mamdani, era okusinziira ku kino, UCT yandibadde ekola enkyukakyuka ez'omuggundu ku ntegeka y'ensoma. <ref name="uwn20184">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="cas20183">{{Cite web|title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT|website=Centre for African Studies, UCT|date=28 May 2018|url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-date=7 November 2025|url-status=live|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Prof Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/contacts/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041546/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/contacts/mahmood-mamdani |archive-date=4 Oct 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Faculty of Humanities}}</ref> === Engule n’okusunsulwa === * 1997: [[:en:Herskovits_Prize|Herskovits Prize]] for ''[[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]''<ref name="cas20184">{{cite web |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT|website=Centre for African Studies, UCT|date=28 May 2018|url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-date=7 November 2025|url-status=live|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> * 1999: [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|University of Cape Town]] Book Award for ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism''<ref>{{cite web |title=UCT Book Award |url=https://www.uct.ac.za/about/honours/bookaward/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130404065845/http://www.uct.ac.za/about/honours/bookaward/ |archive-date=4 April 2013 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[University of Cape Town]]}}</ref> * 2009: GDS Eminent Scholar Award from the [[:en:International_Studies_Association|International Studies Association]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=GDS Eminent Scholar Award Past Recipients |url=https://www.isanet.org/Programs/Awards/GDS-Eminent-Scholar/Past-Recipients |access-date=16 January 2019 |website=www.isanet.org}}</ref> * 2011: [[:en:H._F._Lenfest|Lenfest]] Distinguished Faculty Award<ref>{{cite web |date=15 April 2011 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani Recognized with Lenfest Award |url=http://www.sipa.columbia.edu/news_events/announcements/MahmoodMamdaniFacultyAward04152011.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121221034143/http://sipa.columbia.edu/news_events/announcements/MahmoodMamdaniFacultyAward04152011.html |archive-date=21 December 2012 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[School of International and Public Affairs, Columbia University]]}}</ref> * 2012: Scholar of the Year at the 2nd Annual African Diaspora Awards for his immense contribution to African Scholarship<ref>{{cite web |date=19 November 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani Is To Be Honored As "Scholar of the Year" At The Annual African Diaspora Awards NYC |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/news/prof-mamdani-be-honored-scholar-year-annual-african-diaspora-awards-nyc |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University|MISR]]}}</ref> * 2012: Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012<ref name="diaspora2">{{cite web |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora|title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012|date=29 November 2012|publisher=ugandandiaspora.com|access-date=21 March 2013|archive-date=1 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora|url-status=dead}}</ref> * 2021: ''[[:en:Neither_Settler_Nor_Native:_The_Making_and_Unmaking_of_Permanent_Minorities|Neither Settler Nor Native: The Making and Unmaking of Permanent Minorities]]'' (2020), shortlisted for the [[:en:British_Academy_Book_Prize_for_Global_Cultural_Understanding|British Academy Book Prize for Global Cultural Understanding]], and as "World History Finalist" by Association of American Publishers Awards for Professional and Scholarly Excellence ([[:en:PROSE_Awards|PROSE Awards]])<ref name="bio23">{{cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani|website=Department of Anthropology|url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> === Diguli ez’ekitiibwa === * 25 Ogwokutaano 2010: [[:en:University_of_Johannesburg|University of Johannesburg]], [[:en:DLitt|DLitt]] ([[:en:Honoris_Causa|Honoris Causa]])<ref>{{cite web |date=May 2010 |title=Mahmood Mamdani conferred with an honorary doctorate |url=http://www.uj.ac.za/EN/Newsroom/News/Pages/MahmoodMamdaniconferredwithanhonorarydoctorate201006222.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130421210222/http://www.uj.ac.za/EN/Newsroom/News/Pages/MahmoodMamdaniconferredwithanhonorarydoctorate201006222.aspx |archive-date=21 April 2013 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[University of Johannesburg]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=25 May 2010 |title=Speech delivered by Professor Prof Mahmood Mamdani at the University of Johannesburg, South Africa |url=http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech-2.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501065506/http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech-2.pdf |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[CODESRIA]]}}</ref> * 24 Ogwomusanvu 2010: [[:en:Addis_Ababa_University|Addis Ababa University]], DLitt (Honoris Causa)<ref>{{cite web |date=24 July 2010 |title=Remarks on receipt of Honorary Doctorate at Addis Ababa University |url=http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech_2-2.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501065507/http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech_2-2.pdf |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[CODESRIA]]}}</ref> * 24 Ogwokuna 2012: [[:en:University_of_KwaZulu-Natal|University of KwaZulu-Natal]], DLitt (Honoris Causa)<ref>{{cite web |date=12 April 2012 |title=Media Statement: UKZN To honour leading South Africans and women graduates excel |url=http://www.ukzn.ac.za/docs/media-releases/graduation-2012.docx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305015502/http://www.ukzn.ac.za/docs/media-releases/graduation-2012.docx |archive-date=5 March 2016 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[University of KwaZulu-Natal]] |format=[[MS Word]]}}</ref><ref name="kwazulu20122">{{cite web |date=24 April 2012 |title=Address on Receiving an Honorary Doctorate at the University of Kwazulu Natal |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/mesaas/images/faculty/news/Mamdani%20commencement.pdf |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> == Obulamu bwe ng'omuntu == Mamdani yawasa [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]], dayirekita wa firimu era pulodyusa Omuyindi ng’abeera mu Amerika, mu 1991. Baasooka kusisinkana mu [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, n’oluvannyuma ne baddamu mu Kampala, Uganda, mu 1989 Nair bwe yali akola okunoonyereza ku firimu ye, ''[[Mississippi Masala]]'' . <ref name="lahr2002">{{cite interview|first=Mira|last=Nair|interviewer-last=Lahr|interviewer-first=John|title=Whirlwind|website=[[The New Yorker]]|date=2 December 2002|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|url-access=subscription|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141022030926/http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|archive-date=22 October 2014|url-status=live|quote=Published in the print edition of the December 9, 2002, issue.}}</ref> <ref name="indian tele2">{{Cite web|url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp|url-status=dead|archive-date=2 February 2009|title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly|last=Sen|first=Manjula|date=25 January 2009|access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref>Baagattibwa mu 1991. Mu 2025 Mamdani ne Nair babeera mu kitundu kya [[:en:Morningside_Heights|Morningside Heights]] mu [[:en:Manhattan|Manhattan]], okumpi ne Yunivaasite y'e Columbia. <ref name="haag20252">{{Cite web|last=Haag|first=Matthew|last2=Goldberg|first2=Emma|title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics|website=[[The New York Times]]|date=27 June 2025|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html|archive-date=7 October 2025|url-status=live|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news}}</ref> Omwana wa Mamdani ne Nair omu yekka, [[Zohran Mamdani]], yazaalibwa mu Kampala mu 1991. Mu 1996 famire ye yasengukira e [[:en:Cape_Town|Cape Town]], South Africa, Mamdani okutwala omulimu gw’okukulira enteekateeka y’okusoma eby'Afirika mu Yunivasite y’e Cape Town, era n’abeerayo okumala emyaka nga esatu. <ref name="lahr20022">{{cite interview|first=Mira|last=Nair|interviewer-last=Lahr|interviewer-first=John|title=Whirlwind|website=[[The New Yorker]]|date=2 December 2002|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|url-access=subscription|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141022030926/http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|archive-date=22 October 2014|url-status=live|quote=Published in the print edition of the December 9, 2002, issue.}}</ref> Nga mu mwaka gwa 1999 baagenda mu Amerika ne basenga mu New York. <ref name="lahr20023">{{cite interview|first=Mira|last=Nair|interviewer-last=Lahr|interviewer-first=John|title=Whirlwind|website=[[The New Yorker]]|date=2 December 2002|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|url-access=subscription|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141022030926/http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|archive-date=22 October 2014|url-status=live|quote=Published in the print edition of the December 9, 2002, issue.}}</ref> Zohran yafuuka munnabyabufuzi era abadde [[:en:Mayor_of_New_York_City|Meeya w'ekibuga New York]] okuva nga 1 Ogwoluberyeberye 2026, ng'abadde mmemba [[:en:New_York_State_Assembly|w'olukiiko olukulu olw'essaza ly'e New York]] okuva mu 2021 okutuuka mu 2025. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kitunzi |first=Yahudu |date=June 7, 2025 |title=Mamdani's mayoral goal puts Uganda on the map |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/mamdani-s-mayoral-goal-puts-uganda-on-the-map-5072356 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250609023734/https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/mamdani-s-mayoral-goal-puts-uganda-on-the-map-5072356 |archive-date=June 9, 2025 |access-date=June 7, 2025 |website=[[Daily Monitor|Monitor]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Muhumuza |first=Rodney |date=3 November 2025 |title=In Uganda, where Zohran Mamdani was born, NYC mayoral hopeful is recalled with pride |url=https://apnews.com/article/uganda-zohran-mamdani-mayor-election-new-york-d41260eeef2438498a3aa04118fbd2df |access-date=5 November 2025 |website=[[AP News]] |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news}}</ref> Kampeyini ze ez'obwameeya zawagirwa bazadde be. <ref name="haag20253">{{Cite web|last=Haag|first=Matthew|last2=Goldberg|first2=Emma|title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics|website=[[The New York Times]]|date=27 June 2025|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html|archive-date=7 October 2025|url-status=live|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> == Ebyawandiikibwako == === Ebitabo === * ''The Myth of Population Control: Family, Class and Caste in an Indian Village'' (1972) * ''From Citizen to Refugee: Ugandan Asians Come to Britain'' (1973)<ref>{{cite book |last1=Mamdani |first1=Mahmood |date=2011 |title=From Citizen to Refugee: Uganda Asians Come to Britain |publisher=Pambazuka Press |isbn=9781906387570 |edition=Second}}</ref> * ''Politics and Class Formation in Uganda'' (1976)<ref>{{cite book |last1=Mamdani |first1=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and Class Formation in Uganda |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=9780853453789}}</ref> * ''Imperialism and Fascism in Uganda'' (1984)<ref>{{cite book |last1=Mamdan |first1=Mohamad |date=1984 |title=Imperialism and Fascism in Uganda |publisher=Africa World Press |isbn=9780865430297}}</ref> * ''Academic Freedom in Africa'' (1994) * ''[[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism]]'' (1996)<ref>{{cite book |last1=Mamdani |first1=Mahmood |date=1996 |title=Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism |publisher=Princeton University Press |isbn=9780691027937}}</ref> * ''When Victims Become Killers: Colonialism, Nativism and Genocide in Rwanda'' (2001)<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=28 January 2020 |title=When Victims Become Killers |publisher=Princeton University Press |isbn=978-0-691-19383-0 |language=en |doi=10.1515/9780691193830}}</ref> * ''Understanding the Crisis in Kivu''<ref>{{Cite web |title=African Books Collective: Understanding the Crisis in Kivu |url=https://www.africanbookscollective.com/books/understanding-the-crisis-in-kivu |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=www.africanbookscollective.com}}</ref> * ''Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: America, the Cold War and the Roots of Terror'' (2004)<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2002 |title=Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: A Political Perspective on Culture and Terrorism |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/3567254 |journal=American Anthropologist |volume=104 |issue=3 |pages=766–775 |doi=10.1525/aa.2002.104.3.766 |issn=0002-7294 |jstor=3567254 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> * ''Scholars in the Marketplace. The Dilemmas of Neo-Liberal Reform at Makerere University, 1989–2005'' (2007)<ref>{{cite book |last1=Mamdani |first1=Mahmood |date=2007 |title=Scholars in the Marketplace. The Dilemmas of Neo-Liberal Reform at Makerere University, 1989-2005 |publisher=Codesria |isbn=9782869782013}}</ref> * ''[https://www.codesria.org/spip.php?article1292 Saviors and Survivors: Darfur, Politics, and the War on Terror]'' (2009)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Saviors and Survivors by Mahmood Mamdani: 9780385525961 {{!}} PenguinRandomHouse.com: Books |url=https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/106771/saviors-and-survivors-by-mahmood-mamdani/ |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=PenguinRandomhouse.com |language=en-US}}</ref> * ''Define and Rule: Native as Political Identity'' (The W.E.B. DuBois Lectures) (2012)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Define and Rule — Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.hup.harvard.edu/catalog.php?isbn=9780674050525 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=Harvard University Press |language=en}}</ref> * ''[[:en:Neither_Settler_nor_Native|Neither Settler nor Native: The Making and Unmaking of Permanent Minorities]]'' (2020) * ''Slow Poison: Idi Amin, Yoweri Museveni, and the Making of the Ugandan State'' (2025) === Emboozi ezikungaanyiziddwa === * ''Beyond Rights Talk and Culture Talk: Comparative Essays on the Politics of Rights and Culture'' (2000)<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2000 |title=Beyond Rights Talk and Culture Talk: Comparative Essays on the Politics of Rights and Culture |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yqb7wAEACAAJ |publisher=St. Martin's Press |isbn=978-0-312-23498-0 |language=en}}</ref> === Ebitabo ebisunsuddwa === * ''Uganda Studies in Labour'' (Codesria Book Series) (1968)<ref>{{Cite web |title=African Books Collective: Uganda Studies in Labour |url=https://www.africanbookscollective.com/books/uganda-studies-in-labour |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=www.africanbookscollective.com}}</ref> === Ebirala === * ''Studies in Labor Markets'' (National Bureau of Economic Research Universities-National Bureau Conference Ser) * ''African Studies in Social Movements and Democracy'' (Actes-Sud Papiers) == Laba ne == * [[:en:Indians_in_the_New_York_City_metropolitan_area|Abayindi mu kibuga New York]] * [[:en:Ugandan_Americans|Bannayuganda Abamerika]] == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] baul3xox8628u6dgojesolqvmv1xb43 48731 48729 2026-05-03T11:12:32Z Charles Kalanzi 9748 48731 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mahmood Mamdani''' [ a ] FBA (yazaalibwa 23 Ogwokuna 1946) munnayuganda [[:en:Anthropologist|omukugu mu by'enkula y'abantu]], munnaby'anjigiriza, era omukugu mu by'obufuzi. Ye Herbert Lehman Pulofeesa wa Gavumenti era pulofeesa w’ensonga z'ekikula ky'abantu, [[:en:Political_science|ssaayansi w’ebyobufuzi]], n’okunoonyereza [[:en:African_studies|ku nsoma y'Afirika]] mu [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]] . Era akola nga Ccansala wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda, era nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa ku Center for African Studis mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y'e Cape Town]] . Emabegako yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole kya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. Mamdani mukugu mu kusoma ebyobufuzi bya Afrika n’ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw’amatwale]] n’oluvannyuma [[:en:Postcolonialism|lw'obufuzi bw’amatwale]], n’ebyobufuzi [[:en:Knowledge_economy|by’ebyenfuna]] . Mufumbo nga mukazi we ye [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]] omuzannyi wa firimu . Ye ne Nair be bazadde ba [[:en:New_York_City_Mayor|Meeya w'ekibuga New York]] [[Zohran Mamdani]] . == Obuto bwe n’okusoma == Mahmood Mamdani yazaalibwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1946 mu [[:en:Bombay|kibuga Bombay]] (kati Mumbai), Buyindi, ng’ebula omwaka gumu [[:en:British_Raj|enfuga ya Bungereza]] ekome. <ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/education/news/mahmood-mamdani-education-and-career-path-how-zohran-mamdanis-father-built-a-legacy-of-revolution-through-ideas-and-exile/articleshow/122064130.cms "Mahmood Mamdani education and career path: How Zohran Mamdani's father built a legacy of revolution through ideas and exile"]. ''The Times of India''. 25 June 2025. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN&nbsp;]][https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-8257 0971-825]7. Retrieved 13 July 2025.</ref> <ref name="codesria">{{Cite web |title=Pr. Mahmood Mamdani (1998-2002) |url=https://codesria.org/pr-mahmood-mamdani-1998-2002/ |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> Yakulira mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=23 February 2021 |title=Mahmood Mamdani on Uganda |url=https://africasacountry.com/2011/04/mamdani-on-uganda |website=Africa is a Country}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Permanent Minorities and the Politics of Survivors: A conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://worldpeacefoundation.org/blog/permanent-minorities-and-the-politics-of-survivors-a-conversation-with-mahmood-mamdani/ |website=World Peace Foundation}}</ref> ng'omu ku [[:en:Indian_diaspora_in_Southeast_Africa|Bayindi ababundabunda mu bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba bwa Afrika]] . Bazadde be bombi, [[:en:Gujarati_Muslim|basiraamu Abagujarati]], baazaalibwa era ne bakulira mu kitundu kya Bungereza eky'amatwale ki [[:en:Tanganyika_Territory|Tanganyika]] (leero Tanzania). Abafumbo bano baagenda e Bombay olwo kitaawe n’asomerayo mu ttendekero ekkulu. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Chen |first=Kuan-Hsing |last2=Gao |first2=Shiming |last3=Tang |first3=Xiaolin |date=2016 |title=The formation of an African intellectual: an interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |journal=Inter-Asia Cultural Studies |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=456–480 |doi=10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref>Muhoozi, Mourice (6 March 2022). [https://www.watchdoguganda.com/news/20220306/131449/meet-ugandas-most-iconic-academician-prof-mahmood-mamdani.html "Meet Uganda's most Iconic academician, Prof. Mahmood Mamdani"]. ''Watchdog Uganda''</ref> Famire yaddayo e [[:en:Dar_es_Salaam|Dar es Salaam]], Tanganyika, nga Mamdani wa myaka ebiri, ne bagenda e Uganda nga wa myaka etaano oba mukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Mu kiseera ekyo, Uganda yali yayawulwamu okusinziira ku mawanga, omuli abantu gye babeera, amasomero, emizikiti, n’ebifo abaana we bazannyira. Okusoma kwe mu pulayimale, Mamdani yasooka kugenda mu [[:en:Madrasa|madarasa]], n’oluvannyuma mu Government Indian Primary School. <ref name=":8"/> Yakula ng'ayogera [[:en:Gujarati_language|Olugujarati]], [[:en:Urdu|Oluurdu]] [[:en:Swahili_language|n'Oluswayiri]] . Yatandika okusoma Olungereza mu kibiina eky’omukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Oluvannyuma lw’okusoma siniya ey’awansi, yasomera ku Old Kampala Senior Secondary School, gye yali omuwandiisi w’ekibiina kya Do-it-Yourself Physics. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uganda: Buganda And Uganda At Crossroads |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090826030635/http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |archive-date=26 August 2009 |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=AllAfrica}}</ref> Mamdani yali omu ku bayizi Bannayuganda 23 abaali mu kibiina kya [[:en:The_Kennedy_Airlift|Kennedy Airlift]] mu 1963, enteekateeka ya sikaala eyaweebwa ssente okuva mu Amerika eyaleetera ebikumi n’ebikumi by'abayizi okuva mu [[:en:East_Africa|Buvanjuba bwa Afrika]] okusomera ku yunivasite mu Amerika ne Canada wakati wa 1959 ne 1963. <ref name="indian tele">{{Cite web |last=Sen |first=Manjula |date=25 January 2009 |title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |archive-date=2 February 2009 |access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref> Mamdani yatikkirwa diguli ya Bachelor of Arts okuva mu [[:en:University_of_Pittsburgh|Yunivasite y’e Pittsburgh]] <ref name="codesria"/> mu 1967. <ref>{{Cite book |date=1 January 2010 |title=International Encyclopedia of Civil Society |url=https://link.springer.com/referencework/10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |vauthors=((Anheier, H. K.)), ((Toepler, S.)) |publisher=Springer US |isbn=978-0-387-93994-0 |editor-last=Anheier |editor-first=Helmut K. |doi=10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |editor-last2=Toepler |editor-first2=Stefan}}</ref> Yali omu ku bayizi abangi mu bukiikakkono bwa Amerika abaali mu lugendo lwa bbaasi mu bukiikaddyo okutuuka e [[:en:Montgomery,_Alabama|Montgomery, Alabama]], olwategekebwa [[:en:Student_Nonviolent_Coordinating_Committee|akakiiko akakwasaganya abayizi abatali ba ffujjo]] mu Gwokusatu 1965 okwetaba mu kaweefube w'okulwanirira [[:en:Civil_rights_movement|eddembe ly’obuntu]] . Kino kyaliwo mu kiseera ky’okutambula okuva e [[:en:Selma_to_Montgomery_marches|Selma okutuuka e Montgomery]], naye nga kyo kya njawulo. Yasibibwa mu kkomera mu kutambula kuno era n’akkirizibwa okukuba essimu. Mamdani yakubira [[:en:Embassy_of_Uganda,_Washington,_D.C.|omubaka wa Uganda]] e [[:en:Washington,_DC|Washington, DC]], amuyambe. Omubaka yamubuuza lwaki "ayingirira ensonga z'omunda mu nsi engwira", n'amuddamu nti teyali nsonga ya munda wabula olutalo lw'eddembe era nti nabo eddembe lyabwe baali bakalifuna omwaka ogwakaggwa. <ref name="pambazuka">{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=28 April 2007 |title=The Asian question again: A reflection |url=http://www.pambazuka.org/en/category/comment/41273 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]] (Uganda) |via=pambazuka.org}}</ref> Amangu ddala nga wayiseewo akaseera katono, Mamdani yategeera ku mulimu gwa [[:en:Karl_Marx|Karl Marx]] okuva mu kukyala kwe ku FBI. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Shringarpure |first=Bhakti |author-link=Bhakti Shringarpure |date=15 July 2013 |title=In Conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.warscapes.com/conversations/conversation-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=6 November 2017 |website=Warscapes |language=en |quote=I thought the guy Marx had just died. […] So that was my introduction to Karl Marx.}}</ref> Yasomera ku [[:en:Fletcher_School_of_Law_and_Diplomacy|Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy]] mu [[:en:Tufts_University|Yunivasite ya Tufts]] era mu 1968 yatikkirwa diguli ya Master of Arts mu [[:en:Political_science|byobufuzi]] ne Master of Arts mu mateeka ne diplomacy mu 1969. Yafuna diguli ye [[:en:Doctor_of_philosophy|eyookusatu]] mu gavumenti okuva mu [[:en:Harvard_University|Yunivasite y'e Harvard]] mu 1974, wansi w’obulagirizi bwa [[:en:Karl_Deutsch|Karl Deutsch]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and class formation in Uganda |url=http://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=978-0-85345-378-9 |location=New York |via=Internet Archive}}</ref> Omulamwa kw'eyatambuliza ddiguli ye eyookusatu yagiwa omutwe "''Politics and Class Formation in Uganda."'' <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and Class Formation in Uganda |url=https://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=0-85345-378-0 |location=New York |oclc=2073894 |url-access=registration}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Allen |first=Judith Van |last2=Mamdani |first2=Mahmood |last3=Shivji |first3=Issa G. |date=November 1977 |title=Reviewed Works: Politics and Class Formation in Uganda. by Mahmood Mamdani; Class Struggles in Tanzania. by Issa G. Shivji |journal=Contemporary Sociology |publisher=American Sociological Association |volume=6 |issue=6 |pages=702 |doi=10.2307/2066367 |issn=0094-3061 |eissn=1939-8638 |jstor=2066367}}</ref> == Emirimu gye == Mamdani yakomawo mu Uganda ku ntandikwa ya 1972 era naweebwa omulimu ku [[Makerere University, Uganda|yunivasite y'e Makerere]] mu Kampala [[:en:Teaching_assistant|ng'ayambako omusomesa]], mu kiseera kye kimu yali akola ku kunoonyereza kwe okwa ddiguli eyookusatu. . Ye n’Abaasia abasinga obungi [[:en:Expulsion_of_Asians_from_Uganda|baagobebwa]] mu Uganda ku nkomerero y’omwaka ogwo [[Idi Amin]] olw’amawanga gaabwe; Amin yali agenderera "kuzzaawo" bizinensi n'ebintu. Mamdani yava mu Uganda n’agenda mu nkambi y’ababundabunda mu Bungereza ku ntandikwa y'omwezi Gwekkuminoogumu. <ref name="lrb2022">{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2022-10-06 |title=The Asian Question |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v44/n19/mahmood-mamdani/the-asian-question |journal=[[London Review of Books]] |language=en |volume=44 |issue=19 |issn=0260-9592 |access-date=2025-09-08}}</ref> Yava e Bungereza mu makkati ga 1973 oluvannyuma lw’okuyingizibwa mu [[:en:University_of_Dar_es_Salaam|Yunivasite y’e Dar es Salaam]] mu Tanzania. <ref name="pambazuka"/> <ref name="cas2018">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> <ref name="bio2">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> Mu Dar es Salaam, yamaliriza okuwandiika dissertation ye. Yali mujjumbize nnyo n’ebibiina ebiwakanya Amin. Mu 1979, yeetaba mu Ttabamiruka w’e Moshi ng’omutunuulizi. Yaddayo mu Uganda oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa ku bukulembeze oluvannyuma lw'olutalo lwa [[Olutalo lwa Uganda ne Tanzania|Uganda ne Tanzania]] mu 1979. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McCormack |first=Pete |date=17 October 2005 |title=Interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.petemccormack.com/interview_mamdani_001.htm |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=petemccormack.com}}</ref> <ref name="bio2" /> Mu kiseera kino, yakozesebwa ng'omutendeke mu kibiina kya [[:en:All_Africa_Conference_of_Churches|All Africa Conference of Churches]], omukago [[:en:Ecumenical_Christian|gw'Abakristaayo ogw'ensi yonna]] ogusangibwa e [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, ng'akolera mu ofiisi [[:en:Church_of_Uganda|y'Ekkanisa ya Uganda]] mu Kampala. <ref name="lrb2022"/> Okuva mu 1980 (oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa mu ntebe mu 1979) okutuuka mu 1993 yaddamu okukolera yunivasite y’e Makerere. <ref name="bio2"/> <ref name="lrb2022"/>​[[Milton Obote|​]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kagolo |first=Francis |date=8 February 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani to be honoured among Africa's best |url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/628869-prof-mamdani-to-be-honoured-among-africa-s-best.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]]}}</ref> Yaddayo e Dar es Salaam. Oluvannyuma lwa Obote okugobwa mu ntebe omulundi ogwokubiri, Mamdani yaddamu okudda mu Uganda mu Gwomukaaga 1986. <ref name="indian tele"/> Yali dayirekita eyatandikawo ekitongole kya Centre for Basic Research (CBR), ekitongole kya Uganda ekitali kya gavumenti ekyasooka mu kunoonyereza, mwe yaweereza okuva mu 1987 okutuuka mu 1996. <ref name="diaspora">{{Cite web |date=29 November 2012 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012 |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=ugandandiaspora.com}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> <ref name="csds">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Yaliko pulofeesa omugenyi ku [[:en:University_of_Durban-Westville|Yunivasite y’e Durban]] - [[:en:Westville,_KwaZulu-Natal|Westville]] mu South Africa (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka mu Gwomukaaga 1993), ku [[:en:Nehru_Memorial_Museum_&_Library|Nehru Memorial Museum & Library]] e New Delhi (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka Gwomukaaga 1995), ne mu [[:en:Princeton_University|Yunivasite y'e Princeton]] (1995–96). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vance |first=Dara |date=2015-11-20 |title=UK Committee on Social Theory Hosts Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://uknow.uky.edu/uk-happenings/uk-committee-social-theory-hosts-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=UKNow}}</ref> Mu 1996, yalondebwa okubeera omukulembeze w’entebe ya [[:en:Archibald_Campbell_Jordan|AC Jordan]] ey'ensoma y'Afirika mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y’e Cape Town]], <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 March 2011 |title=UCT in war over 'bantu education' |url=http://mg.co.za/article/2011-03-11-uct-in-war-over-bantu-education |access-date=22 March 2013}}</ref> era ku ntandikwa ya 1997 n’afuuka akulira [[:en:Centre_for_African_Studies|ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku by'ensoma y'Afirika]] (CAS). <ref name="uwn2018">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> Yavaawo oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obutakkaanya n'abasomesa (abasinga obungi abazungu) ku bbago ly'ensoma ye ey'omusomo ogw'omusingi ku Afrika oguyitibwa "Problematising Africa". <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=June 1, 1998 |title=Is African studies to be turned into a new home for Bantu education at UCT? |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/02533959808458649 |journal=Social Dynamics |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=63–75 |doi=10.1080/02533959808458649 |issn=0253-3952 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> Mamdani, eyalaga nti ensoma eriwo eya " [[:en:Bantu_Education_Act,_1953|Bantu studies]] " (mu kujjuliza ku kusomesa Abaddugavu wansi w'enfuga [[:en:Apartheid|y'obusosoze]] ) <ref name="cas2018" /> yayimirizibwa era okukkakkana ng'alekulidde. <ref name="davis2017">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> "Ensonga ya Mamdani" ekyayogerwako mu kukubaganya ebirowoozo ku [[:en:Decolonization_of_higher_education_in_South_Africa|kununula amatendekero aga waggulu okuva mu nsoma y'abamatwale]] . Oluvannyuma yagamba nti teyalina busungu ku muntu yenna, era yalina enkolagana ennungi ekiseera kye yamalayo. Yagamba nti obutakwatagana bwali ku njawulo mu ndowooza n'addala ensengeka y’ensoma ku bikwata ku kusoma South Africa ng’ensi ya Afrika. Oluvannyuma (2018) yakomezebwawo nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa asuutibwa. [ b ] <ref name="uwn2018" /> Mu 1999, Mamdani yalondebwa okuba dayirekita w’ekitongole ekikola ku by’okunoonyereza ku Afirika mu yunivasite ya Columbia, ekifo kye yalina okutuusa mu 2004. <ref name="uwn2018"/> Okuva olwo abadde asomesa eyo (nga 2025). <ref name="haag2025">{{Cite web |last=Haag |first=Matthew |last2=Goldberg |first2=Emma |date=27 June 2025 |title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |archive-date=7 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku mbeera z’abantu ekya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=18 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University]] |archive-date=2 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002055113/http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Agaba |first=John |title=Mamdani talks about his research legacy and work at Makerere |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20220329112608625 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="bio2"/> Okutuuka mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2025 [[:en:Columbia_University#Academics|pulofeesa wa Herbert Lehman mu Gavumenti]] era pulofeesa ku nkula y'abantu, okusoma saayansi w'ebyobufuzi [[:en:African_studies|n'okusoma ku Afirika]] ku [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]].<ref name="bio2" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Faculty Bio: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/anthropology/fac-bios/mamdani/faculty.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Era akola nga chancellor wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://kiu.ac.ug/news-page.php?i=press-release-kampala-international-university-kiu-appoints-prof-mahmood-mamdani-as-chancellor |access-date=24 August 2020 |publisher=[[Kampala International University]]}}</ref> == Okunoonyereza n'okuwandiika == Mamdani yeemalira mu kunoonyereza ku byobufuzi bya Afirika n'eby'ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw'amatwale]] [[:en:Postcolonialism|n'oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale]], n'ebyobufuzi by'ebyenfuna. Ebitabo bye byekenneenya enkolagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'ebyobuwangwa, okugeraageranya [[:en:Colonialism|okufugibwa kw'amatwale]] okuva mu 1452, ebyafaayo by'entalo z'omunda [[:en:Genocide|n'ekitta bantu]] mu Afirika, [[:en:Cold_War|Olutalo olw'Ensi Yonna olw'ebigambo]] [[:en:War_on_terror|n'olutalo ku butujju]], n'ebyafaayo by'eddembe ly'obuntu.<ref>vSneh, Itai Nartzizenfield (2008). [https://books.google.com/books?id=iax4AAAAMAAJ ''The Future Almost Arrived: How Jimmy Carter Failed to Change U.S. Foreign Policy''.] [[:en:Peter_Lang_(publishing_company)|Peter Lang]]. p. 169. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780820481852|9780820481852]]</bdi>.</ref> Okunoonyereza kwe okw'omwaka 2016 kwatandikira ku kitabo kye eky'omwaka 1996, [[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]. <ref>[http://polisci.columbia.edu/people/profile/96 "Mahmood Mamdani | Department of Political Science"]. ''polisci.columbia.edu''. Retrieved 21 January 2016.</ref>Mu kitabo ekyo, yagamba nti eggwanga eryafugibwa terisobola kutegeerwa nga tewekenenyeza bulungi eggwanga eryalifuga.Enkola y'obufuzi bw'amatwale mu Afirika yali eddamu okusoomoozebwa kw'ekibuuzo "ekikulu", era yagamba nti yafuuka "amawanga agaabuluziddwamu".<ref name=":0">Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. pp. 15–16. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|<bdi>9780852553992</bdi>.]]</ref>Kino kyali kikolebwa mu ngeri bbiri: ku ludda olumu nga bafuga butereevu, nga kino kyali kikolwa kya "buyinza" era nga kyali kigenderera okuggya abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo ku ddembe ly'obuntu eryali liweebwa abatuuze mu bitundu ebirala, ate ku ludda olulala nga bafuga mu ngeri etali y'abuteerevu, nga kino kyali kikolebwa mu byalo era nga kizingiramu okuyingiza "bannansi" mu "mateeka g'eggwanga" agaateekebwawo ab'obuyinza mu byalo, era nga kino yakiyita "obwannakyemalira obw'okugabanya obuyinza".<ref name=":0" /> Embeera eno yali "yakusika muguwa" era ng'erimu "engeri bbiri ez'obuyinza wansi w'obuyinza obumu".<ref name=":0" /> Oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale, ebibuga byali tebikyayawulamu bantu lwa langi naye ebyalo byali bikyafugibwa abakulembeze abaali mu nkwawa z'abafuzi b'amatwale, ka babe abakulembeze ab'ennono oba b'ebali bakwasizzaobuyinza nga balina ebiruubirirwa by'okufugisa omukono ogw'ekyuma.<ref>Clapham, Chris (1997). "Review: Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism by Mahmood Mamdani'". ''Royal Institute of International Affairs''. '''73''': 606.</ref>Mu ngeri eno obukulembeze bwonna bwaleeta enjawukana mu mawnga era n'ekutondawo obukulembeze bwabwe obw'enjawulo obwannakyemalira.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref> Mamdani yekennenya ebyafaayo mu South Africa ne Uganda okulaga nti obufuzi bw'amatwale bwakozesa obuyinza obuyitiridde era obuyinza obwo bweyongera okubaawo oluvannyuma lw'ameefuga.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. p. 37. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref>Ng’asomooza endowooza eza bulijjo ku busosoze mu South Afrika nga ez’enjawulo, agamba nti [[:en:Apartheid|obusosoze mu mawanga]] bwali ngeri ya bulijjo ey’ettwale lya Bulaaya mu Africa, nga lizingiramu ensonga [[:en:Indirect_rule|z’obufuzi obutali butereevu]] n’okukwatagana<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1 January 1996 |title=Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism |isbn=9780852553992 |pages=16–18}}</ref> Mu kitabo kye ekyafulumizibwa mu 2004 ekya ''Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: America, the Cold War, and the Roots of Terror'' Mamdani yagamba nti [[:en:Suicide_attack|abeetuze]] balina okumanyibwa "ng'ekika ky'omujaasi" era nti balina "okutegeerwa mu ngeri y'effujjo ly'ebyobufuzi ery'omulembe guno okusinga okuvumwavumwa ng'akabonero k'obukambwe". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bickerton |first=James |date=2025-07-11 |title=Zohran Mamdani's father's remark about suicide bombers comes under scrutiny |url=https://www.newsweek.com/zohran-mamdani-father-remark-about-suicide-bombers-comes-under-scrutiny-2097793 |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref> Omuyivu omu yagamba nti kino si kuwagira kwettisa bbomu wabula kwekenneenya okwanenya '"okusalawo kwa Amerika ku nkola y'ensonga z'ebweru naddala mu kiseera ky'olutalo olw'ebigambo", okutondawo embeera [[:en:Islamic_extremism|y'Obusiraamu obw'annalukalala]] [[:en:Political_violence|n'effujjo mu byobufuzi]] " mwe byakulaakulanira. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Murray |first=Conor |date=Jul 11, 2025 |title=Mahmood Mamdani's Work Does Not Advocate Violence, Expert Says |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/conormurray/2025/07/11/sequoias-maguire-unfairly-targets-zohran-mamdanis-father-fellow-academic-says/ |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko bye bifulumiddde mu ''[[:en:London_Review_of_Books|London Review of Books]]'' n'ekampuni ezifulumya ebitabo ebirala.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/contributors/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=London Review of Books |language=en-GB}}</ref> Okusinziira ku CAS, ebiwandiiko bya Mamdani "bibadde bikulu mu kusomebwa abayizi abali ku misomo gyabwe egya undergraduate ne Postgraduate ku UCT ssaako n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo ku nsoma y'ebyafaayo n'ebyobufuzi bya Afirika , nga banonyereza ku nkwatagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'obuwangwa, okugerageranya obufuzi bw'amatwale, entalo ez'omunda mu ggwanga n'ekittabantu mu Afirika".<ref name="uwn20182">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> == Emirimu gy'emirala == Okuva mu 1998 <ref name="bio22">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> oba 1999 okutuuka mu 2002, Mamdani yaweereza nga pulezidenti w'olukiiko olukulaakulanya okunoonyereza ku ssaayansi w'embeera z'abantu mu Afrika ([[:en:Council_for_the_Development_of_Social_Science_Research_in_Africa|Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa]]). <ref name="cas20182">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumineebiri 2001, yawa okwogera ku "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" mu lukungaana lwa [[:en:Nobel_Prize|Nobel Centennial Symposium]] e [[:en:Oslo|Oslo]], Norway. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 December 2001 |title=Speech by Dr. Mahmood Mamdani: "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/mediaplayer/index.php?id=1281 |access-date=24 March 2013 |publisher=Nobel Prize}}</ref> Mu Gwomwenda 2006, Mamdani yali omu ku boogezi abaayitibwa mu lukuŋŋaana lw’ekibiina kya [[:en:Ugandan_North_American_Association_(UNAA)|Uganda North American Association (UNAA)]] mu kibuga New York. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2006-09-05 |title=UNAA Convention was disorganised! |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/news/1141390/unaa-convention-disorganised |access-date=2026-02-18 |publisher=New Vision (Kampala)}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano 2011, mu kiseera ky'okwekalakaasa okwali mu kibangirizi kya Tahrir([[:en:Tahrir_Square_protests|Tahrir Square protests]]) mu kibuga [[:en:Cairo|Cairo]], Misiri, Mamdani yayitibwa okwogerako mu [[:en:American_University_of_Cairo|Yunivasite y’Amerika e Cairo]]. Ng’ayogera eri abayizi mu [[:en:University_of_KwaZulu-Natal|yunivasite y’e KwaZulu-Natal]] mu South Africa mu 2012, kino yakigeraageranya n’obwegugungo obwaliwo mu Soweto ([[:en:1976_Soweto_uprising|Soweto Uprising]]) mu 1976 . <ref name="kwazulu2012">{{Cite web |date=24 April 2012 |title=Address on Receiving an Honorary Doctorate at the University of Kwazulu Natal |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/mesaas/images/faculty/news/Mamdani%20commencement.pdf |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumi 2011, Mamdani (nga bali wamu ne Rhoda Ann Kanaaneh) y'eyali omwogezi omukulu mu lukungaana lw’eggwanga olwasooka olw’abayizi olwa [[:en:Students_for_Justice_in_Palestine|Students for Justice in Palestine]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Silver |first=Carly |date=2011-10-16 |title=Reporting live from the first-ever SJP National Conference |url=https://newvoices.org/2011/10/15/reporting-live-from-the-first-ever-sjp-national-conference/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=New Voices |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nathan-Kazis |first=Josh |date=2011-10-11 |title=Pro-Palestinian Student Activists Plan First National Conference |url=https://forward.com/news/144173/pro-palestinian-student-activists-plan-push/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=The Forward |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2017 yayitibwa okuwa omusomo ku lunaku lwa [[:en:TB_Davie_Memorial_Lecture|TB Davie Memorial]] ku ddembe ly'okusoma mu Yunivasite y'e Cape Town, era emboozi ye, eyatuumibwa "Decolonising the Post-Colonial University" yaleetawo okukubaganya ebirowoozo kungi. <ref name="uwn20183">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="davis20172">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> Okuva mu Gwekkumineebiri 2017 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2018, Mamdani yaweereza nga Rajni Kothari Chair Professor mu [[:en:Centre_for_the_Study_of_Developing_Societies|Center for the Study of Developing Societies]] mu [[:en:Delhi|Delhi,]] Buyindi. Oluvannyuma lw'ekisanja kye okuggwako, nga 4 Ogwokuna 2018 yawa omusomo gwa Rajni Kothari Chair ogutegekebwa buli mwaka, ogwatuumibwa "Okulowooza ku bwenkanya okuyita mu bumanyirivu bw'Afirika mu kyasa eky'amakumi abiri". <ref name="csds2">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Alabikidde mu firimu z’ebyafaayo ng’omukugu okugeza, ''[[:en:Rwanda:_The_Untold_Story|Rwanda: The Untold Story]]'' (2014, [[:en:BBC|BBC]] ), ''The Dictator’s Playbook'' (2018, [[:en:PBS|PBS]] ) ne ''[[:en:How_to_Become_a_Tyrant|How to Become a Tyrant]]'' (2021, [[:en:Netflix|Netflix]]). <ref>{{Cite AV media|url=https://www.pbs.org/video/idi-amin-3ol3rz/|title=The Dictator's Playbook {{!}} Idi Amin {{!}} Episode 6|language=en|publisher=[[PBS]]|via=}}</ref> Yalabikira mu firimu ya [[:en:Cameo_appearance|cameo]] ,mu firimu ya 2012 ''eya [[:en:The_Reluctant_Fundamentalist_(film)|The Reluctant Fundamentalist]]'', eyakulemberwamu mukyala we. <ref>{{Cite AV media|title=[[The Reluctant Fundamentalist]]|date=2012|last=Nair|first=Mira|publisher=[[IFC Films]]}}</ref> Mu 2024, yeegatta ku [[:en:Gaza_tribunal|Gaza Tribunal]], eyagenderera "okuzuukusa ebibiina by'obwannakyewa ku buvunaanyizibwa bwabyo n'okukomya ekittabantu kya Yisirayiri mu Gaza." <ref>{{Cite web |title=Home |url=https://gazatribunal.com/ |access-date=2025-12-07 |website=Gaza Tribunal |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title='Gaza Tribunal' established in London to seek justice for war crimes in Gaza |url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/europe/-gaza-tribunal-established-in-london-to-seek-justice-for-war-crimes-in-gaza/3383887 |access-date=2026-01-07 |website=www.aa.com.tr}}</ref> == Okusiimibwa == Mu 2008, mu kunoonyereza okwakolebwa ku mutimbagano mu lwatu, Mamdani yalondebwa ng'owomwenda ku bantu abagezi abasinga mu nsi yonna ku lukalala lw'abagezigezi 100 okuva mu ''[[:en:Prospect_(magazine)|Prospect Magazine]]'' (UK) ne ''[[:en:Foreign_Policy|Foreign Policy]]'' (US). <ref>{{Cite web |date=2008 |title=The 2008 List |url=http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/prospect-100-intellectuals/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090930143349/http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/prospect-100-intellectuals/ |archive-date=30 September 2009 |publisher=[[Prospect (magazine)|Prospect Magazine]] (UK) / [[Foreign Policy]] (US)}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |date=2008 |title=The World's Top 20 Public Intellectuals |journal=Foreign Policy |publisher=Slate Group, LLC |issue=167 |pages=54–57 |issn=0015-7228 |eissn=1945-2276 |jstor=25462318}}</ref> Mu Gwomusanvu 2017, Mamdani yalondebwa okubeera [[:en:Corresponding_Fellow_of_the_British_Academy|Omukwanaganya wa British Academy (FBA)]], ettendekero ly’eggwanga erya Bungereza erikola ku by’obuntubulamu ne ssaayansi w’embeera z’abantu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 July 2017 |title=Elections to the British Academy celebrate the diversity of UK research |url=http://www.britac.ac.uk/news/elections-british-academy-celebrate-diversity-uk-research |access-date=29 July 2017 |website=British Academy}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano nga 28, 2018 ( [[:en:Africa_Day|Africa Day]] ), Mamdani yalondebwa okuba pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa mu Center for African Studies mu Yunivasite y’e Cape Town. Dayirekita wa CAS [[:en:Lungisile_Ntsebeza|Lungisile Ntsebeza]], okulondebwa kuno yakuyita kwa "byafaayo mu bitongole", era nga kikulu mu nteekateeka y'okufuna obwetwaze bwa yunivasite m okuva mu kwekalakaasa kw'abayizi okwa " [[:en:Rhodes_Must_Fall|Rhodes Must Fall]] " mu Gwokusatu 2015. Abakulembeze b'abayizi bangi baali balaze obukulu bwa Ssikaala ya Mamdani, era okusinziira ku kino, UCT yandibadde ekola enkyukakyuka ez'omuggundu ku ntegeka y'ensoma. <ref name="uwn20184">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="cas20183">{{Cite web|title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT|website=Centre for African Studies, UCT|date=28 May 2018|url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-date=7 November 2025|url-status=live|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Prof Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/contacts/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041546/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/contacts/mahmood-mamdani |archive-date=4 Oct 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Faculty of Humanities}}</ref> === Engule n’okusunsulwa === * 1997: [[:en:Herskovits_Prize|Herskovits Prize]] for ''[[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]''<ref name="cas20184">{{cite web |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT|website=Centre for African Studies, UCT|date=28 May 2018|url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-date=7 November 2025|url-status=live|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> * 1999: [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|University of Cape Town]] Book Award for ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism''<ref>{{cite web |title=UCT Book Award |url=https://www.uct.ac.za/about/honours/bookaward/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130404065845/http://www.uct.ac.za/about/honours/bookaward/ |archive-date=4 April 2013 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[University of Cape Town]]}}</ref> * 2009: GDS Eminent Scholar Award from the [[:en:International_Studies_Association|International Studies Association]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=GDS Eminent Scholar Award Past Recipients |url=https://www.isanet.org/Programs/Awards/GDS-Eminent-Scholar/Past-Recipients |access-date=16 January 2019 |website=www.isanet.org}}</ref> * 2011: [[:en:H._F._Lenfest|Lenfest]] Distinguished Faculty Award<ref>{{cite web |date=15 April 2011 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani Recognized with Lenfest Award |url=http://www.sipa.columbia.edu/news_events/announcements/MahmoodMamdaniFacultyAward04152011.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121221034143/http://sipa.columbia.edu/news_events/announcements/MahmoodMamdaniFacultyAward04152011.html |archive-date=21 December 2012 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[School of International and Public Affairs, Columbia University]]}}</ref> * 2012: Scholar of the Year at the 2nd Annual African Diaspora Awards for his immense contribution to African Scholarship<ref>{{cite web |date=19 November 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani Is To Be Honored As "Scholar of the Year" At The Annual African Diaspora Awards NYC |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/news/prof-mamdani-be-honored-scholar-year-annual-african-diaspora-awards-nyc |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University|MISR]]}}</ref> * 2012: Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012<ref name="diaspora2">{{cite web |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora|title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012|date=29 November 2012|publisher=ugandandiaspora.com|access-date=21 March 2013|archive-date=1 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora|url-status=dead}}</ref> * 2021: ''[[:en:Neither_Settler_Nor_Native:_The_Making_and_Unmaking_of_Permanent_Minorities|Neither Settler Nor Native: The Making and Unmaking of Permanent Minorities]]'' (2020), shortlisted for the [[:en:British_Academy_Book_Prize_for_Global_Cultural_Understanding|British Academy Book Prize for Global Cultural Understanding]], and as "World History Finalist" by Association of American Publishers Awards for Professional and Scholarly Excellence ([[:en:PROSE_Awards|PROSE Awards]])<ref name="bio23">{{cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani|website=Department of Anthropology|url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> === Diguli ez’ekitiibwa === * 25 Ogwokutaano 2010: [[:en:University_of_Johannesburg|University of Johannesburg]], [[:en:DLitt|DLitt]] ([[:en:Honoris_Causa|Honoris Causa]])<ref>{{cite web |date=May 2010 |title=Mahmood Mamdani conferred with an honorary doctorate |url=http://www.uj.ac.za/EN/Newsroom/News/Pages/MahmoodMamdaniconferredwithanhonorarydoctorate201006222.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130421210222/http://www.uj.ac.za/EN/Newsroom/News/Pages/MahmoodMamdaniconferredwithanhonorarydoctorate201006222.aspx |archive-date=21 April 2013 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[University of Johannesburg]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=25 May 2010 |title=Speech delivered by Professor Prof Mahmood Mamdani at the University of Johannesburg, South Africa |url=http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech-2.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501065506/http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech-2.pdf |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[CODESRIA]]}}</ref> * 24 Ogwomusanvu 2010: [[:en:Addis_Ababa_University|Addis Ababa University]], DLitt (Honoris Causa)<ref>{{cite web |date=24 July 2010 |title=Remarks on receipt of Honorary Doctorate at Addis Ababa University |url=http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech_2-2.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501065507/http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech_2-2.pdf |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[CODESRIA]]}}</ref> * 24 Ogwokuna 2012: [[:en:University_of_KwaZulu-Natal|University of KwaZulu-Natal]], DLitt (Honoris Causa)<ref>{{cite web |date=12 April 2012 |title=Media Statement: UKZN To honour leading South Africans and women graduates excel |url=http://www.ukzn.ac.za/docs/media-releases/graduation-2012.docx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305015502/http://www.ukzn.ac.za/docs/media-releases/graduation-2012.docx |archive-date=5 March 2016 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[University of KwaZulu-Natal]] |format=[[MS Word]]}}</ref><ref name="kwazulu20122">{{cite web |date=24 April 2012 |title=Address on Receiving an Honorary Doctorate at the University of Kwazulu Natal |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/mesaas/images/faculty/news/Mamdani%20commencement.pdf |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> == Obulamu bwe ng'omuntu == Mamdani yawasa [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]], dayirekita wa firimu era pulodyusa Omuyindi ng’abeera mu Amerika, mu 1991. Baasooka kusisinkana mu [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, n’oluvannyuma ne baddamu mu Kampala, Uganda, mu 1989 Nair bwe yali akola okunoonyereza ku firimu ye, ''[[Mississippi Masala]]'' . <ref name="lahr2002">{{cite interview|first=Mira|last=Nair|interviewer-last=Lahr|interviewer-first=John|title=Whirlwind|website=[[The New Yorker]]|date=2 December 2002|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|url-access=subscription|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141022030926/http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|archive-date=22 October 2014|url-status=live|quote=Published in the print edition of the December 9, 2002, issue.}}</ref> <ref name="indian tele2">{{Cite web|url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp|url-status=dead|archive-date=2 February 2009|title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly|last=Sen|first=Manjula|date=25 January 2009|access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref>Baagattibwa mu 1991. Mu 2025 Mamdani ne Nair babeera mu kitundu kya [[:en:Morningside_Heights|Morningside Heights]] mu [[:en:Manhattan|Manhattan]], okumpi ne Yunivaasite y'e Columbia. <ref name="haag20252">{{Cite web|last=Haag|first=Matthew|last2=Goldberg|first2=Emma|title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics|website=[[The New York Times]]|date=27 June 2025|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html|archive-date=7 October 2025|url-status=live|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news}}</ref> Omwana wa Mamdani ne Nair omu yekka, [[Zohran Mamdani]], yazaalibwa mu Kampala mu 1991. Mu 1996 famire ye yasengukira e [[:en:Cape_Town|Cape Town]], South Africa, Mamdani okutwala omulimu gw’okukulira enteekateeka y’okusoma eby'Afirika mu Yunivasite y’e Cape Town, era n’abeerayo okumala emyaka nga esatu. <ref name="lahr20022">{{cite interview|first=Mira|last=Nair|interviewer-last=Lahr|interviewer-first=John|title=Whirlwind|website=[[The New Yorker]]|date=2 December 2002|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|url-access=subscription|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141022030926/http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|archive-date=22 October 2014|url-status=live|quote=Published in the print edition of the December 9, 2002, issue.}}</ref> Nga mu mwaka gwa 1999 baagenda mu Amerika ne basenga mu New York. <ref name="lahr20023">{{cite interview|first=Mira|last=Nair|interviewer-last=Lahr|interviewer-first=John|title=Whirlwind|website=[[The New Yorker]]|date=2 December 2002|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|url-access=subscription|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141022030926/http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|archive-date=22 October 2014|url-status=live|quote=Published in the print edition of the December 9, 2002, issue.}}</ref> Zohran yafuuka munnabyabufuzi era abadde [[:en:Mayor_of_New_York_City|Meeya w'ekibuga New York]] okuva nga 1 Ogwoluberyeberye 2026, ng'abadde mmemba [[:en:New_York_State_Assembly|w'olukiiko olukulu olw'essaza ly'e New York]] okuva mu 2021 okutuuka mu 2025. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kitunzi |first=Yahudu |date=June 7, 2025 |title=Mamdani's mayoral goal puts Uganda on the map |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/mamdani-s-mayoral-goal-puts-uganda-on-the-map-5072356 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250609023734/https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/mamdani-s-mayoral-goal-puts-uganda-on-the-map-5072356 |archive-date=June 9, 2025 |access-date=June 7, 2025 |website=[[Daily Monitor|Monitor]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Muhumuza |first=Rodney |date=3 November 2025 |title=In Uganda, where Zohran Mamdani was born, NYC mayoral hopeful is recalled with pride |url=https://apnews.com/article/uganda-zohran-mamdani-mayor-election-new-york-d41260eeef2438498a3aa04118fbd2df |access-date=5 November 2025 |website=[[AP News]] |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news}}</ref> Kampeyini ze ez'obwameeya zawagirwa bazadde be. <ref name="haag20253">{{Cite web|last=Haag|first=Matthew|last2=Goldberg|first2=Emma|title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics|website=[[The New York Times]]|date=27 June 2025|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html|archive-date=7 October 2025|url-status=live|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> == Ebyawandiikibwako == === Ebitabo === * ''The Myth of Population Control: Family, Class and Caste in an Indian Village'' (1972) * ''From Citizen to Refugee: Ugandan Asians Come to Britain'' (1973)<ref>{{cite book |last1=Mamdani |first1=Mahmood |date=2011 |title=From Citizen to Refugee: Uganda Asians Come to Britain |publisher=Pambazuka Press |isbn=9781906387570 |edition=Second}}</ref> * ''Politics and Class Formation in Uganda'' (1976)<ref>{{cite book |last1=Mamdani |first1=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and Class Formation in Uganda |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=9780853453789}}</ref> * ''Imperialism and Fascism in Uganda'' (1984)<ref>{{cite book |last1=Mamdan |first1=Mohamad |date=1984 |title=Imperialism and Fascism in Uganda |publisher=Africa World Press |isbn=9780865430297}}</ref> * ''Academic Freedom in Africa'' (1994) * ''[[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism]]'' (1996)<ref>{{cite book |last1=Mamdani |first1=Mahmood |date=1996 |title=Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism |publisher=Princeton University Press |isbn=9780691027937}}</ref> * ''When Victims Become Killers: Colonialism, Nativism and Genocide in Rwanda'' (2001)<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=28 January 2020 |title=When Victims Become Killers |publisher=Princeton University Press |isbn=978-0-691-19383-0 |language=en |doi=10.1515/9780691193830}}</ref> * ''Understanding the Crisis in Kivu''<ref>{{Cite web |title=African Books Collective: Understanding the Crisis in Kivu |url=https://www.africanbookscollective.com/books/understanding-the-crisis-in-kivu |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=www.africanbookscollective.com}}</ref> * ''Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: America, the Cold War and the Roots of Terror'' (2004)<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2002 |title=Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: A Political Perspective on Culture and Terrorism |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/3567254 |journal=American Anthropologist |volume=104 |issue=3 |pages=766–775 |doi=10.1525/aa.2002.104.3.766 |issn=0002-7294 |jstor=3567254 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> * ''Scholars in the Marketplace. The Dilemmas of Neo-Liberal Reform at Makerere University, 1989–2005'' (2007)<ref>{{cite book |last1=Mamdani |first1=Mahmood |date=2007 |title=Scholars in the Marketplace. The Dilemmas of Neo-Liberal Reform at Makerere University, 1989-2005 |publisher=Codesria |isbn=9782869782013}}</ref> * ''[https://www.codesria.org/spip.php?article1292 Saviors and Survivors: Darfur, Politics, and the War on Terror]'' (2009)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Saviors and Survivors by Mahmood Mamdani: 9780385525961 {{!}} PenguinRandomHouse.com: Books |url=https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/106771/saviors-and-survivors-by-mahmood-mamdani/ |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=PenguinRandomhouse.com |language=en-US}}</ref> * ''Define and Rule: Native as Political Identity'' (The W.E.B. DuBois Lectures) (2012)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Define and Rule — Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.hup.harvard.edu/catalog.php?isbn=9780674050525 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=Harvard University Press |language=en}}</ref> * ''[[:en:Neither_Settler_nor_Native|Neither Settler nor Native: The Making and Unmaking of Permanent Minorities]]'' (2020) * ''Slow Poison: Idi Amin, Yoweri Museveni, and the Making of the Ugandan State'' (2025) === Emboozi ezikungaanyiziddwa === * ''Beyond Rights Talk and Culture Talk: Comparative Essays on the Politics of Rights and Culture'' (2000)<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2000 |title=Beyond Rights Talk and Culture Talk: Comparative Essays on the Politics of Rights and Culture |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yqb7wAEACAAJ |publisher=St. Martin's Press |isbn=978-0-312-23498-0 |language=en}}</ref> === Ebitabo ebisunsuddwa === * ''Uganda Studies in Labour'' (Codesria Book Series) (1968)<ref>{{Cite web |title=African Books Collective: Uganda Studies in Labour |url=https://www.africanbookscollective.com/books/uganda-studies-in-labour |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=www.africanbookscollective.com}}</ref> === Ebirala === * ''Studies in Labor Markets'' (National Bureau of Economic Research Universities-National Bureau Conference Ser) * ''African Studies in Social Movements and Democracy'' (Actes-Sud Papiers) == Laba ne == * [[:en:Indians_in_the_New_York_City_metropolitan_area|Abayindi mu kibuga New York]] * [[:en:Ugandan_Americans|Bannayuganda Abamerika]] == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] <references /> == Ebiwandiiko ebirala by'osobola okusomako == * {{cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=15 July 2013 |title=In Conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.warscapes.com/conversations/conversation-mahmood-mamdani |website=Warscapes |interviewer-last=Shringarpure |interviewer-first=Bhakti}} oyvt537dxg6j6s88m9bspjwwsnp9ofe 48732 48731 2026-05-03T11:17:33Z Charles Kalanzi 9748 48732 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mahmood Mamdani''' [ a ] FBA (yazaalibwa 23 Ogwokuna 1946) munnayuganda [[:en:Anthropologist|omukugu mu by'enkula y'abantu]], munnaby'anjigiriza, era omukugu mu by'obufuzi. Ye Herbert Lehman Pulofeesa wa Gavumenti era pulofeesa w’ensonga z'ekikula ky'abantu, [[:en:Political_science|ssaayansi w’ebyobufuzi]], n’okunoonyereza [[:en:African_studies|ku nsoma y'Afirika]] mu [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]] . Era akola nga Ccansala wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda, era nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa ku Center for African Studis mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y'e Cape Town]] . Emabegako yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole kya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. Mamdani mukugu mu kusoma ebyobufuzi bya Afrika n’ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw’amatwale]] n’oluvannyuma [[:en:Postcolonialism|lw'obufuzi bw’amatwale]], n’ebyobufuzi [[:en:Knowledge_economy|by’ebyenfuna]] . Mufumbo nga mukazi we ye [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]] omuzannyi wa firimu . Ye ne Nair be bazadde ba [[:en:New_York_City_Mayor|Meeya w'ekibuga New York]] [[Zohran Mamdani]] . == Obuto bwe n’okusoma == Mahmood Mamdani yazaalibwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1946 mu [[:en:Bombay|kibuga Bombay]] (kati Mumbai), Buyindi, ng’ebula omwaka gumu [[:en:British_Raj|enfuga ya Bungereza]] ekome. <ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/education/news/mahmood-mamdani-education-and-career-path-how-zohran-mamdanis-father-built-a-legacy-of-revolution-through-ideas-and-exile/articleshow/122064130.cms "Mahmood Mamdani education and career path: How Zohran Mamdani's father built a legacy of revolution through ideas and exile"]. ''The Times of India''. 25 June 2025. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN&nbsp;]][https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-8257 0971-825]7. Retrieved 13 July 2025.</ref> <ref name="codesria">{{Cite web |title=Pr. Mahmood Mamdani (1998-2002) |url=https://codesria.org/pr-mahmood-mamdani-1998-2002/ |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> Yakulira mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=23 February 2021 |title=Mahmood Mamdani on Uganda |url=https://africasacountry.com/2011/04/mamdani-on-uganda |website=Africa is a Country}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Permanent Minorities and the Politics of Survivors: A conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://worldpeacefoundation.org/blog/permanent-minorities-and-the-politics-of-survivors-a-conversation-with-mahmood-mamdani/ |website=World Peace Foundation}}</ref> ng'omu ku [[:en:Indian_diaspora_in_Southeast_Africa|Bayindi ababundabunda mu bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba bwa Afrika]] . Bazadde be bombi, [[:en:Gujarati_Muslim|basiraamu Abagujarati]], baazaalibwa era ne bakulira mu kitundu kya Bungereza eky'amatwale ki [[:en:Tanganyika_Territory|Tanganyika]] (leero Tanzania). Abafumbo bano baagenda e Bombay olwo kitaawe n’asomerayo mu ttendekero ekkulu. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Chen |first=Kuan-Hsing |last2=Gao |first2=Shiming |last3=Tang |first3=Xiaolin |date=2016 |title=The formation of an African intellectual: an interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |journal=Inter-Asia Cultural Studies |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=456–480 |doi=10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref>Muhoozi, Mourice (6 March 2022). [https://www.watchdoguganda.com/news/20220306/131449/meet-ugandas-most-iconic-academician-prof-mahmood-mamdani.html "Meet Uganda's most Iconic academician, Prof. Mahmood Mamdani"]. ''Watchdog Uganda''</ref> Famire yaddayo e [[:en:Dar_es_Salaam|Dar es Salaam]], Tanganyika, nga Mamdani wa myaka ebiri, ne bagenda e Uganda nga wa myaka etaano oba mukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Mu kiseera ekyo, Uganda yali yayawulwamu okusinziira ku mawanga, omuli abantu gye babeera, amasomero, emizikiti, n’ebifo abaana we bazannyira. Okusoma kwe mu pulayimale, Mamdani yasooka kugenda mu [[:en:Madrasa|madarasa]], n’oluvannyuma mu Government Indian Primary School. <ref name=":8"/> Yakula ng'ayogera [[:en:Gujarati_language|Olugujarati]], [[:en:Urdu|Oluurdu]] [[:en:Swahili_language|n'Oluswayiri]] . Yatandika okusoma Olungereza mu kibiina eky’omukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Oluvannyuma lw’okusoma siniya ey’awansi, yasomera ku Old Kampala Senior Secondary School, gye yali omuwandiisi w’ekibiina kya Do-it-Yourself Physics. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uganda: Buganda And Uganda At Crossroads |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090826030635/http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |archive-date=26 August 2009 |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=AllAfrica}}</ref> Mamdani yali omu ku bayizi Bannayuganda 23 abaali mu kibiina kya [[:en:The_Kennedy_Airlift|Kennedy Airlift]] mu 1963, enteekateeka ya sikaala eyaweebwa ssente okuva mu Amerika eyaleetera ebikumi n’ebikumi by'abayizi okuva mu [[:en:East_Africa|Buvanjuba bwa Afrika]] okusomera ku yunivasite mu Amerika ne Canada wakati wa 1959 ne 1963. <ref name="indian tele">{{Cite web |last=Sen |first=Manjula |date=25 January 2009 |title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |archive-date=2 February 2009 |access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref> Mamdani yatikkirwa diguli ya Bachelor of Arts okuva mu [[:en:University_of_Pittsburgh|Yunivasite y’e Pittsburgh]] <ref name="codesria"/> mu 1967. <ref>{{Cite book |date=1 January 2010 |title=International Encyclopedia of Civil Society |url=https://link.springer.com/referencework/10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |vauthors=((Anheier, H. K.)), ((Toepler, S.)) |publisher=Springer US |isbn=978-0-387-93994-0 |editor-last=Anheier |editor-first=Helmut K. |doi=10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |editor-last2=Toepler |editor-first2=Stefan}}</ref> Yali omu ku bayizi abangi mu bukiikakkono bwa Amerika abaali mu lugendo lwa bbaasi mu bukiikaddyo okutuuka e [[:en:Montgomery,_Alabama|Montgomery, Alabama]], olwategekebwa [[:en:Student_Nonviolent_Coordinating_Committee|akakiiko akakwasaganya abayizi abatali ba ffujjo]] mu Gwokusatu 1965 okwetaba mu kaweefube w'okulwanirira [[:en:Civil_rights_movement|eddembe ly’obuntu]] . Kino kyaliwo mu kiseera ky’okutambula okuva e [[:en:Selma_to_Montgomery_marches|Selma okutuuka e Montgomery]], naye nga kyo kya njawulo. Yasibibwa mu kkomera mu kutambula kuno era n’akkirizibwa okukuba essimu. Mamdani yakubira [[:en:Embassy_of_Uganda,_Washington,_D.C.|omubaka wa Uganda]] e [[:en:Washington,_DC|Washington, DC]], amuyambe. Omubaka yamubuuza lwaki "ayingirira ensonga z'omunda mu nsi engwira", n'amuddamu nti teyali nsonga ya munda wabula olutalo lw'eddembe era nti nabo eddembe lyabwe baali bakalifuna omwaka ogwakaggwa. <ref name="pambazuka">{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=28 April 2007 |title=The Asian question again: A reflection |url=http://www.pambazuka.org/en/category/comment/41273 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]] (Uganda) |via=pambazuka.org}}</ref> Amangu ddala nga wayiseewo akaseera katono, Mamdani yategeera ku mulimu gwa [[:en:Karl_Marx|Karl Marx]] okuva mu kukyala kwe ku FBI. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Shringarpure |first=Bhakti |author-link=Bhakti Shringarpure |date=15 July 2013 |title=In Conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.warscapes.com/conversations/conversation-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=6 November 2017 |website=Warscapes |language=en |quote=I thought the guy Marx had just died. […] So that was my introduction to Karl Marx.}}</ref> Yasomera ku [[:en:Fletcher_School_of_Law_and_Diplomacy|Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy]] mu [[:en:Tufts_University|Yunivasite ya Tufts]] era mu 1968 yatikkirwa diguli ya Master of Arts mu [[:en:Political_science|byobufuzi]] ne Master of Arts mu mateeka ne diplomacy mu 1969. Yafuna diguli ye [[:en:Doctor_of_philosophy|eyookusatu]] mu gavumenti okuva mu [[:en:Harvard_University|Yunivasite y'e Harvard]] mu 1974, wansi w’obulagirizi bwa [[:en:Karl_Deutsch|Karl Deutsch]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and class formation in Uganda |url=http://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=978-0-85345-378-9 |location=New York |via=Internet Archive}}</ref> Omulamwa kw'eyatambuliza ddiguli ye eyookusatu yagiwa omutwe "''Politics and Class Formation in Uganda."'' <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and Class Formation in Uganda |url=https://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=0-85345-378-0 |location=New York |oclc=2073894 |url-access=registration}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Allen |first=Judith Van |last2=Mamdani |first2=Mahmood |last3=Shivji |first3=Issa G. |date=November 1977 |title=Reviewed Works: Politics and Class Formation in Uganda. by Mahmood Mamdani; Class Struggles in Tanzania. by Issa G. Shivji |journal=Contemporary Sociology |publisher=American Sociological Association |volume=6 |issue=6 |pages=702 |doi=10.2307/2066367 |issn=0094-3061 |eissn=1939-8638 |jstor=2066367}}</ref> == Emirimu gye == Mamdani yakomawo mu Uganda ku ntandikwa ya 1972 era naweebwa omulimu ku [[Makerere University, Uganda|yunivasite y'e Makerere]] mu Kampala [[:en:Teaching_assistant|ng'ayambako omusomesa]], mu kiseera kye kimu yali akola ku kunoonyereza kwe okwa ddiguli eyookusatu. . Ye n’Abaasia abasinga obungi [[:en:Expulsion_of_Asians_from_Uganda|baagobebwa]] mu Uganda ku nkomerero y’omwaka ogwo [[Idi Amin]] olw’amawanga gaabwe; Amin yali agenderera "kuzzaawo" bizinensi n'ebintu. Mamdani yava mu Uganda n’agenda mu nkambi y’ababundabunda mu Bungereza ku ntandikwa y'omwezi Gwekkuminoogumu. <ref name="lrb2022">{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2022-10-06 |title=The Asian Question |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v44/n19/mahmood-mamdani/the-asian-question |journal=[[London Review of Books]] |language=en |volume=44 |issue=19 |issn=0260-9592 |access-date=2025-09-08}}</ref> Yava e Bungereza mu makkati ga 1973 oluvannyuma lw’okuyingizibwa mu [[:en:University_of_Dar_es_Salaam|Yunivasite y’e Dar es Salaam]] mu Tanzania. <ref name="pambazuka"/> <ref name="cas2018">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> <ref name="bio2">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> Mu Dar es Salaam, yamaliriza okuwandiika dissertation ye. Yali mujjumbize nnyo n’ebibiina ebiwakanya Amin. Mu 1979, yeetaba mu Ttabamiruka w’e Moshi ng’omutunuulizi. Yaddayo mu Uganda oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa ku bukulembeze oluvannyuma lw'olutalo lwa [[Olutalo lwa Uganda ne Tanzania|Uganda ne Tanzania]] mu 1979. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McCormack |first=Pete |date=17 October 2005 |title=Interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.petemccormack.com/interview_mamdani_001.htm |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=petemccormack.com}}</ref> <ref name="bio2" /> Mu kiseera kino, yakozesebwa ng'omutendeke mu kibiina kya [[:en:All_Africa_Conference_of_Churches|All Africa Conference of Churches]], omukago [[:en:Ecumenical_Christian|gw'Abakristaayo ogw'ensi yonna]] ogusangibwa e [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, ng'akolera mu ofiisi [[:en:Church_of_Uganda|y'Ekkanisa ya Uganda]] mu Kampala. <ref name="lrb2022"/> Okuva mu 1980 (oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa mu ntebe mu 1979) okutuuka mu 1993 yaddamu okukolera yunivasite y’e Makerere. <ref name="bio2"/> <ref name="lrb2022"/>​[[Milton Obote|​]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kagolo |first=Francis |date=8 February 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani to be honoured among Africa's best |url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/628869-prof-mamdani-to-be-honoured-among-africa-s-best.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]]}}</ref> Yaddayo e Dar es Salaam. Oluvannyuma lwa Obote okugobwa mu ntebe omulundi ogwokubiri, Mamdani yaddamu okudda mu Uganda mu Gwomukaaga 1986. <ref name="indian tele"/> Yali dayirekita eyatandikawo ekitongole kya Centre for Basic Research (CBR), ekitongole kya Uganda ekitali kya gavumenti ekyasooka mu kunoonyereza, mwe yaweereza okuva mu 1987 okutuuka mu 1996. <ref name="diaspora">{{Cite web |date=29 November 2012 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012 |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=ugandandiaspora.com}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> <ref name="csds">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Yaliko pulofeesa omugenyi ku [[:en:University_of_Durban-Westville|Yunivasite y’e Durban]] - [[:en:Westville,_KwaZulu-Natal|Westville]] mu South Africa (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka mu Gwomukaaga 1993), ku [[:en:Nehru_Memorial_Museum_&_Library|Nehru Memorial Museum & Library]] e New Delhi (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka Gwomukaaga 1995), ne mu [[:en:Princeton_University|Yunivasite y'e Princeton]] (1995–96). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vance |first=Dara |date=2015-11-20 |title=UK Committee on Social Theory Hosts Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://uknow.uky.edu/uk-happenings/uk-committee-social-theory-hosts-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=UKNow}}</ref> Mu 1996, yalondebwa okubeera omukulembeze w’entebe ya [[:en:Archibald_Campbell_Jordan|AC Jordan]] ey'ensoma y'Afirika mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y’e Cape Town]], <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 March 2011 |title=UCT in war over 'bantu education' |url=http://mg.co.za/article/2011-03-11-uct-in-war-over-bantu-education |access-date=22 March 2013}}</ref> era ku ntandikwa ya 1997 n’afuuka akulira [[:en:Centre_for_African_Studies|ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku by'ensoma y'Afirika]] (CAS). <ref name="uwn2018">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> Yavaawo oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obutakkaanya n'abasomesa (abasinga obungi abazungu) ku bbago ly'ensoma ye ey'omusomo ogw'omusingi ku Afrika oguyitibwa "Problematising Africa". <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=June 1, 1998 |title=Is African studies to be turned into a new home for Bantu education at UCT? |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/02533959808458649 |journal=Social Dynamics |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=63–75 |doi=10.1080/02533959808458649 |issn=0253-3952 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> Mamdani, eyalaga nti ensoma eriwo eya " [[:en:Bantu_Education_Act,_1953|Bantu studies]] " (mu kujjuliza ku kusomesa Abaddugavu wansi w'enfuga [[:en:Apartheid|y'obusosoze]] ) <ref name="cas2018" /> yayimirizibwa era okukkakkana ng'alekulidde. <ref name="davis2017">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> "Ensonga ya Mamdani" ekyayogerwako mu kukubaganya ebirowoozo ku [[:en:Decolonization_of_higher_education_in_South_Africa|kununula amatendekero aga waggulu okuva mu nsoma y'abamatwale]] . Oluvannyuma yagamba nti teyalina busungu ku muntu yenna, era yalina enkolagana ennungi ekiseera kye yamalayo. Yagamba nti obutakwatagana bwali ku njawulo mu ndowooza n'addala ensengeka y’ensoma ku bikwata ku kusoma South Africa ng’ensi ya Afrika. Oluvannyuma (2018) yakomezebwawo nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa asuutibwa. [ b ] <ref name="uwn2018" /> Mu 1999, Mamdani yalondebwa okuba dayirekita w’ekitongole ekikola ku by’okunoonyereza ku Afirika mu yunivasite ya Columbia, ekifo kye yalina okutuusa mu 2004. <ref name="uwn2018"/> Okuva olwo abadde asomesa eyo (nga 2025). <ref name="haag2025">{{Cite web |last=Haag |first=Matthew |last2=Goldberg |first2=Emma |date=27 June 2025 |title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |archive-date=7 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku mbeera z’abantu ekya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=18 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University]] |archive-date=2 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002055113/http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Agaba |first=John |title=Mamdani talks about his research legacy and work at Makerere |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20220329112608625 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="bio2"/> Okutuuka mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2025 [[:en:Columbia_University#Academics|pulofeesa wa Herbert Lehman mu Gavumenti]] era pulofeesa ku nkula y'abantu, okusoma saayansi w'ebyobufuzi [[:en:African_studies|n'okusoma ku Afirika]] ku [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]].<ref name="bio2" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Faculty Bio: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/anthropology/fac-bios/mamdani/faculty.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Era akola nga chancellor wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://kiu.ac.ug/news-page.php?i=press-release-kampala-international-university-kiu-appoints-prof-mahmood-mamdani-as-chancellor |access-date=24 August 2020 |publisher=[[Kampala International University]]}}</ref> == Okunoonyereza n'okuwandiika == Mamdani yeemalira mu kunoonyereza ku byobufuzi bya Afirika n'eby'ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw'amatwale]] [[:en:Postcolonialism|n'oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale]], n'ebyobufuzi by'ebyenfuna. Ebitabo bye byekenneenya enkolagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'ebyobuwangwa, okugeraageranya [[:en:Colonialism|okufugibwa kw'amatwale]] okuva mu 1452, ebyafaayo by'entalo z'omunda [[:en:Genocide|n'ekitta bantu]] mu Afirika, [[:en:Cold_War|Olutalo olw'Ensi Yonna olw'ebigambo]] [[:en:War_on_terror|n'olutalo ku butujju]], n'ebyafaayo by'eddembe ly'obuntu.<ref>vSneh, Itai Nartzizenfield (2008). [https://books.google.com/books?id=iax4AAAAMAAJ ''The Future Almost Arrived: How Jimmy Carter Failed to Change U.S. Foreign Policy''.] [[:en:Peter_Lang_(publishing_company)|Peter Lang]]. p. 169. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780820481852|9780820481852]]</bdi>.</ref> Okunoonyereza kwe okw'omwaka 2016 kwatandikira ku kitabo kye eky'omwaka 1996, [[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]. <ref>[http://polisci.columbia.edu/people/profile/96 "Mahmood Mamdani | Department of Political Science"]. ''polisci.columbia.edu''. Retrieved 21 January 2016.</ref>Mu kitabo ekyo, yagamba nti eggwanga eryafugibwa terisobola kutegeerwa nga tewekenenyeza bulungi eggwanga eryalifuga.Enkola y'obufuzi bw'amatwale mu Afirika yali eddamu okusoomoozebwa kw'ekibuuzo "ekikulu", era yagamba nti yafuuka "amawanga agaabuluziddwamu".<ref name=":0">Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. pp. 15–16. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|<bdi>9780852553992</bdi>.]]</ref>Kino kyali kikolebwa mu ngeri bbiri: ku ludda olumu nga bafuga butereevu, nga kino kyali kikolwa kya "buyinza" era nga kyali kigenderera okuggya abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo ku ddembe ly'obuntu eryali liweebwa abatuuze mu bitundu ebirala, ate ku ludda olulala nga bafuga mu ngeri etali y'abuteerevu, nga kino kyali kikolebwa mu byalo era nga kizingiramu okuyingiza "bannansi" mu "mateeka g'eggwanga" agaateekebwawo ab'obuyinza mu byalo, era nga kino yakiyita "obwannakyemalira obw'okugabanya obuyinza".<ref name=":0" /> Embeera eno yali "yakusika muguwa" era ng'erimu "engeri bbiri ez'obuyinza wansi w'obuyinza obumu".<ref name=":0" /> Oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale, ebibuga byali tebikyayawulamu bantu lwa langi naye ebyalo byali bikyafugibwa abakulembeze abaali mu nkwawa z'abafuzi b'amatwale, ka babe abakulembeze ab'ennono oba b'ebali bakwasizzaobuyinza nga balina ebiruubirirwa by'okufugisa omukono ogw'ekyuma.<ref>Clapham, Chris (1997). "Review: Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism by Mahmood Mamdani'". ''Royal Institute of International Affairs''. '''73''': 606.</ref>Mu ngeri eno obukulembeze bwonna bwaleeta enjawukana mu mawnga era n'ekutondawo obukulembeze bwabwe obw'enjawulo obwannakyemalira.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref> Mamdani yekennenya ebyafaayo mu South Africa ne Uganda okulaga nti obufuzi bw'amatwale bwakozesa obuyinza obuyitiridde era obuyinza obwo bweyongera okubaawo oluvannyuma lw'ameefuga.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. p. 37. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref>Ng’asomooza endowooza eza bulijjo ku busosoze mu South Afrika nga ez’enjawulo, agamba nti [[:en:Apartheid|obusosoze mu mawanga]] bwali ngeri ya bulijjo ey’ettwale lya Bulaaya mu Africa, nga lizingiramu ensonga [[:en:Indirect_rule|z’obufuzi obutali butereevu]] n’okukwatagana<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1 January 1996 |title=Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism |isbn=9780852553992 |pages=16–18}}</ref> Mu kitabo kye ekyafulumizibwa mu 2004 ekya ''Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: America, the Cold War, and the Roots of Terror'' Mamdani yagamba nti [[:en:Suicide_attack|abeetuze]] balina okumanyibwa "ng'ekika ky'omujaasi" era nti balina "okutegeerwa mu ngeri y'effujjo ly'ebyobufuzi ery'omulembe guno okusinga okuvumwavumwa ng'akabonero k'obukambwe". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bickerton |first=James |date=2025-07-11 |title=Zohran Mamdani's father's remark about suicide bombers comes under scrutiny |url=https://www.newsweek.com/zohran-mamdani-father-remark-about-suicide-bombers-comes-under-scrutiny-2097793 |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref> Omuyivu omu yagamba nti kino si kuwagira kwettisa bbomu wabula kwekenneenya okwanenya '"okusalawo kwa Amerika ku nkola y'ensonga z'ebweru naddala mu kiseera ky'olutalo olw'ebigambo", okutondawo embeera [[:en:Islamic_extremism|y'Obusiraamu obw'annalukalala]] [[:en:Political_violence|n'effujjo mu byobufuzi]] " mwe byakulaakulanira. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Murray |first=Conor |date=Jul 11, 2025 |title=Mahmood Mamdani's Work Does Not Advocate Violence, Expert Says |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/conormurray/2025/07/11/sequoias-maguire-unfairly-targets-zohran-mamdanis-father-fellow-academic-says/ |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko bye bifulumiddde mu ''[[:en:London_Review_of_Books|London Review of Books]]'' n'ekampuni ezifulumya ebitabo ebirala.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/contributors/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=London Review of Books |language=en-GB}}</ref> Okusinziira ku CAS, ebiwandiiko bya Mamdani "bibadde bikulu mu kusomebwa abayizi abali ku misomo gyabwe egya undergraduate ne Postgraduate ku UCT ssaako n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo ku nsoma y'ebyafaayo n'ebyobufuzi bya Afirika , nga banonyereza ku nkwatagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'obuwangwa, okugerageranya obufuzi bw'amatwale, entalo ez'omunda mu ggwanga n'ekittabantu mu Afirika".<ref name="uwn20182">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> == Emirimu gy'emirala == Okuva mu 1998 <ref name="bio22">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> oba 1999 okutuuka mu 2002, Mamdani yaweereza nga pulezidenti w'olukiiko olukulaakulanya okunoonyereza ku ssaayansi w'embeera z'abantu mu Afrika ([[:en:Council_for_the_Development_of_Social_Science_Research_in_Africa|Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa]]). <ref name="cas20182">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumineebiri 2001, yawa okwogera ku "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" mu lukungaana lwa [[:en:Nobel_Prize|Nobel Centennial Symposium]] e [[:en:Oslo|Oslo]], Norway. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 December 2001 |title=Speech by Dr. Mahmood Mamdani: "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/mediaplayer/index.php?id=1281 |access-date=24 March 2013 |publisher=Nobel Prize}}</ref> Mu Gwomwenda 2006, Mamdani yali omu ku boogezi abaayitibwa mu lukuŋŋaana lw’ekibiina kya [[:en:Ugandan_North_American_Association_(UNAA)|Uganda North American Association (UNAA)]] mu kibuga New York. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2006-09-05 |title=UNAA Convention was disorganised! |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/news/1141390/unaa-convention-disorganised |access-date=2026-02-18 |publisher=New Vision (Kampala)}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano 2011, mu kiseera ky'okwekalakaasa okwali mu kibangirizi kya Tahrir([[:en:Tahrir_Square_protests|Tahrir Square protests]]) mu kibuga [[:en:Cairo|Cairo]], Misiri, Mamdani yayitibwa okwogerako mu [[:en:American_University_of_Cairo|Yunivasite y’Amerika e Cairo]]. Ng’ayogera eri abayizi mu [[:en:University_of_KwaZulu-Natal|yunivasite y’e KwaZulu-Natal]] mu South Africa mu 2012, kino yakigeraageranya n’obwegugungo obwaliwo mu Soweto ([[:en:1976_Soweto_uprising|Soweto Uprising]]) mu 1976 . <ref name="kwazulu2012">{{Cite web |date=24 April 2012 |title=Address on Receiving an Honorary Doctorate at the University of Kwazulu Natal |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/mesaas/images/faculty/news/Mamdani%20commencement.pdf |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumi 2011, Mamdani (nga bali wamu ne Rhoda Ann Kanaaneh) y'eyali omwogezi omukulu mu lukungaana lw’eggwanga olwasooka olw’abayizi olwa [[:en:Students_for_Justice_in_Palestine|Students for Justice in Palestine]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Silver |first=Carly |date=2011-10-16 |title=Reporting live from the first-ever SJP National Conference |url=https://newvoices.org/2011/10/15/reporting-live-from-the-first-ever-sjp-national-conference/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=New Voices |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nathan-Kazis |first=Josh |date=2011-10-11 |title=Pro-Palestinian Student Activists Plan First National Conference |url=https://forward.com/news/144173/pro-palestinian-student-activists-plan-push/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=The Forward |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2017 yayitibwa okuwa omusomo ku lunaku lwa [[:en:TB_Davie_Memorial_Lecture|TB Davie Memorial]] ku ddembe ly'okusoma mu Yunivasite y'e Cape Town, era emboozi ye, eyatuumibwa "Decolonising the Post-Colonial University" yaleetawo okukubaganya ebirowoozo kungi. <ref name="uwn20183">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="davis20172">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> Okuva mu Gwekkumineebiri 2017 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2018, Mamdani yaweereza nga Rajni Kothari Chair Professor mu [[:en:Centre_for_the_Study_of_Developing_Societies|Center for the Study of Developing Societies]] mu [[:en:Delhi|Delhi,]] Buyindi. Oluvannyuma lw'ekisanja kye okuggwako, nga 4 Ogwokuna 2018 yawa omusomo gwa Rajni Kothari Chair ogutegekebwa buli mwaka, ogwatuumibwa "Okulowooza ku bwenkanya okuyita mu bumanyirivu bw'Afirika mu kyasa eky'amakumi abiri". <ref name="csds2">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Alabikidde mu firimu z’ebyafaayo ng’omukugu okugeza, ''[[:en:Rwanda:_The_Untold_Story|Rwanda: The Untold Story]]'' (2014, [[:en:BBC|BBC]] ), ''The Dictator’s Playbook'' (2018, [[:en:PBS|PBS]] ) ne ''[[:en:How_to_Become_a_Tyrant|How to Become a Tyrant]]'' (2021, [[:en:Netflix|Netflix]]). <ref>{{Cite AV media|url=https://www.pbs.org/video/idi-amin-3ol3rz/|title=The Dictator's Playbook {{!}} Idi Amin {{!}} Episode 6|language=en|publisher=[[PBS]]|via=}}</ref> Yalabikira mu firimu ya [[:en:Cameo_appearance|cameo]] ,mu firimu ya 2012 ''eya [[:en:The_Reluctant_Fundamentalist_(film)|The Reluctant Fundamentalist]]'', eyakulemberwamu mukyala we. <ref>{{Cite AV media|title=[[The Reluctant Fundamentalist]]|date=2012|last=Nair|first=Mira|publisher=[[IFC Films]]}}</ref> Mu 2024, yeegatta ku [[:en:Gaza_tribunal|Gaza Tribunal]], eyagenderera "okuzuukusa ebibiina by'obwannakyewa ku buvunaanyizibwa bwabyo n'okukomya ekittabantu kya Yisirayiri mu Gaza." <ref>{{Cite web |title=Home |url=https://gazatribunal.com/ |access-date=2025-12-07 |website=Gaza Tribunal |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title='Gaza Tribunal' established in London to seek justice for war crimes in Gaza |url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/europe/-gaza-tribunal-established-in-london-to-seek-justice-for-war-crimes-in-gaza/3383887 |access-date=2026-01-07 |website=www.aa.com.tr}}</ref> == Okusiimibwa == Mu 2008, mu kunoonyereza okwakolebwa ku mutimbagano mu lwatu, Mamdani yalondebwa ng'owomwenda ku bantu abagezi abasinga mu nsi yonna ku lukalala lw'abagezigezi 100 okuva mu ''[[:en:Prospect_(magazine)|Prospect Magazine]]'' (UK) ne ''[[:en:Foreign_Policy|Foreign Policy]]'' (US). <ref>{{Cite web |date=2008 |title=The 2008 List |url=http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/prospect-100-intellectuals/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090930143349/http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/prospect-100-intellectuals/ |archive-date=30 September 2009 |publisher=[[Prospect (magazine)|Prospect Magazine]] (UK) / [[Foreign Policy]] (US)}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |date=2008 |title=The World's Top 20 Public Intellectuals |journal=Foreign Policy |publisher=Slate Group, LLC |issue=167 |pages=54–57 |issn=0015-7228 |eissn=1945-2276 |jstor=25462318}}</ref> Mu Gwomusanvu 2017, Mamdani yalondebwa okubeera [[:en:Corresponding_Fellow_of_the_British_Academy|Omukwanaganya wa British Academy (FBA)]], ettendekero ly’eggwanga erya Bungereza erikola ku by’obuntubulamu ne ssaayansi w’embeera z’abantu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 July 2017 |title=Elections to the British Academy celebrate the diversity of UK research |url=http://www.britac.ac.uk/news/elections-british-academy-celebrate-diversity-uk-research |access-date=29 July 2017 |website=British Academy}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano nga 28, 2018 ( [[:en:Africa_Day|Africa Day]] ), Mamdani yalondebwa okuba pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa mu Center for African Studies mu Yunivasite y’e Cape Town. Dayirekita wa CAS [[:en:Lungisile_Ntsebeza|Lungisile Ntsebeza]], okulondebwa kuno yakuyita kwa "byafaayo mu bitongole", era nga kikulu mu nteekateeka y'okufuna obwetwaze bwa yunivasite m okuva mu kwekalakaasa kw'abayizi okwa " [[:en:Rhodes_Must_Fall|Rhodes Must Fall]] " mu Gwokusatu 2015. Abakulembeze b'abayizi bangi baali balaze obukulu bwa Ssikaala ya Mamdani, era okusinziira ku kino, UCT yandibadde ekola enkyukakyuka ez'omuggundu ku ntegeka y'ensoma. <ref name="uwn20184">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="cas20183">{{Cite web|title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT|website=Centre for African Studies, UCT|date=28 May 2018|url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-date=7 November 2025|url-status=live|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Prof Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/contacts/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041546/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/contacts/mahmood-mamdani |archive-date=4 Oct 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Faculty of Humanities}}</ref> === Engule n’okusunsulwa === * 1997: [[:en:Herskovits_Prize|Herskovits Prize]] for ''[[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]''<ref name="cas20184">{{cite web |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT|website=Centre for African Studies, UCT|date=28 May 2018|url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-date=7 November 2025|url-status=live|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> * 1999: [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|University of Cape Town]] Book Award for ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism''<ref>{{cite web |title=UCT Book Award |url=https://www.uct.ac.za/about/honours/bookaward/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130404065845/http://www.uct.ac.za/about/honours/bookaward/ |archive-date=4 April 2013 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[University of Cape Town]]}}</ref> * 2009: GDS Eminent Scholar Award from the [[:en:International_Studies_Association|International Studies Association]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=GDS Eminent Scholar Award Past Recipients |url=https://www.isanet.org/Programs/Awards/GDS-Eminent-Scholar/Past-Recipients |access-date=16 January 2019 |website=www.isanet.org}}</ref> * 2011: [[:en:H._F._Lenfest|Lenfest]] Distinguished Faculty Award<ref>{{cite web |date=15 April 2011 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani Recognized with Lenfest Award |url=http://www.sipa.columbia.edu/news_events/announcements/MahmoodMamdaniFacultyAward04152011.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121221034143/http://sipa.columbia.edu/news_events/announcements/MahmoodMamdaniFacultyAward04152011.html |archive-date=21 December 2012 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[School of International and Public Affairs, Columbia University]]}}</ref> * 2012: Scholar of the Year at the 2nd Annual African Diaspora Awards for his immense contribution to African Scholarship<ref>{{cite web |date=19 November 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani Is To Be Honored As "Scholar of the Year" At The Annual African Diaspora Awards NYC |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/news/prof-mamdani-be-honored-scholar-year-annual-african-diaspora-awards-nyc |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University|MISR]]}}</ref> * 2012: Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012<ref name="diaspora2">{{cite web |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora|title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012|date=29 November 2012|publisher=ugandandiaspora.com|access-date=21 March 2013|archive-date=1 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora|url-status=dead}}</ref> * 2021: ''[[:en:Neither_Settler_Nor_Native:_The_Making_and_Unmaking_of_Permanent_Minorities|Neither Settler Nor Native: The Making and Unmaking of Permanent Minorities]]'' (2020), shortlisted for the [[:en:British_Academy_Book_Prize_for_Global_Cultural_Understanding|British Academy Book Prize for Global Cultural Understanding]], and as "World History Finalist" by Association of American Publishers Awards for Professional and Scholarly Excellence ([[:en:PROSE_Awards|PROSE Awards]])<ref name="bio23">{{cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani|website=Department of Anthropology|url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> === Diguli ez’ekitiibwa === * 25 Ogwokutaano 2010: [[:en:University_of_Johannesburg|University of Johannesburg]], [[:en:DLitt|DLitt]] ([[:en:Honoris_Causa|Honoris Causa]])<ref>{{cite web |date=May 2010 |title=Mahmood Mamdani conferred with an honorary doctorate |url=http://www.uj.ac.za/EN/Newsroom/News/Pages/MahmoodMamdaniconferredwithanhonorarydoctorate201006222.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130421210222/http://www.uj.ac.za/EN/Newsroom/News/Pages/MahmoodMamdaniconferredwithanhonorarydoctorate201006222.aspx |archive-date=21 April 2013 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[University of Johannesburg]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=25 May 2010 |title=Speech delivered by Professor Prof Mahmood Mamdani at the University of Johannesburg, South Africa |url=http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech-2.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501065506/http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech-2.pdf |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[CODESRIA]]}}</ref> * 24 Ogwomusanvu 2010: [[:en:Addis_Ababa_University|Addis Ababa University]], DLitt (Honoris Causa)<ref>{{cite web |date=24 July 2010 |title=Remarks on receipt of Honorary Doctorate at Addis Ababa University |url=http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech_2-2.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501065507/http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech_2-2.pdf |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[CODESRIA]]}}</ref> * 24 Ogwokuna 2012: [[:en:University_of_KwaZulu-Natal|University of KwaZulu-Natal]], DLitt (Honoris Causa)<ref>{{cite web |date=12 April 2012 |title=Media Statement: UKZN To honour leading South Africans and women graduates excel |url=http://www.ukzn.ac.za/docs/media-releases/graduation-2012.docx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305015502/http://www.ukzn.ac.za/docs/media-releases/graduation-2012.docx |archive-date=5 March 2016 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[University of KwaZulu-Natal]] |format=[[MS Word]]}}</ref><ref name="kwazulu20122">{{cite web |date=24 April 2012 |title=Address on Receiving an Honorary Doctorate at the University of Kwazulu Natal |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/mesaas/images/faculty/news/Mamdani%20commencement.pdf |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> == Obulamu bwe ng'omuntu == Mamdani yawasa [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]], dayirekita wa firimu era pulodyusa Omuyindi ng’abeera mu Amerika, mu 1991. Baasooka kusisinkana mu [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, n’oluvannyuma ne baddamu mu Kampala, Uganda, mu 1989 Nair bwe yali akola okunoonyereza ku firimu ye, ''[[Mississippi Masala]]'' . <ref name="lahr2002">{{cite interview|first=Mira|last=Nair|interviewer-last=Lahr|interviewer-first=John|title=Whirlwind|website=[[The New Yorker]]|date=2 December 2002|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|url-access=subscription|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141022030926/http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|archive-date=22 October 2014|url-status=live|quote=Published in the print edition of the December 9, 2002, issue.}}</ref> <ref name="indian tele2">{{Cite web|url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp|url-status=dead|archive-date=2 February 2009|title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly|last=Sen|first=Manjula|date=25 January 2009|access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref>Baagattibwa mu 1991. Mu 2025 Mamdani ne Nair babeera mu kitundu kya [[:en:Morningside_Heights|Morningside Heights]] mu [[:en:Manhattan|Manhattan]], okumpi ne Yunivaasite y'e Columbia. <ref name="haag20252">{{Cite web|last=Haag|first=Matthew|last2=Goldberg|first2=Emma|title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics|website=[[The New York Times]]|date=27 June 2025|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html|archive-date=7 October 2025|url-status=live|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news}}</ref> Omwana wa Mamdani ne Nair omu yekka, [[Zohran Mamdani]], yazaalibwa mu Kampala mu 1991. Mu 1996 famire ye yasengukira e [[:en:Cape_Town|Cape Town]], South Africa, Mamdani okutwala omulimu gw’okukulira enteekateeka y’okusoma eby'Afirika mu Yunivasite y’e Cape Town, era n’abeerayo okumala emyaka nga esatu. <ref name="lahr20022">{{cite interview|first=Mira|last=Nair|interviewer-last=Lahr|interviewer-first=John|title=Whirlwind|website=[[The New Yorker]]|date=2 December 2002|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|url-access=subscription|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141022030926/http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|archive-date=22 October 2014|url-status=live|quote=Published in the print edition of the December 9, 2002, issue.}}</ref> Nga mu mwaka gwa 1999 baagenda mu Amerika ne basenga mu New York. <ref name="lahr20023">{{cite interview|first=Mira|last=Nair|interviewer-last=Lahr|interviewer-first=John|title=Whirlwind|website=[[The New Yorker]]|date=2 December 2002|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|url-access=subscription|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141022030926/http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|archive-date=22 October 2014|url-status=live|quote=Published in the print edition of the December 9, 2002, issue.}}</ref> Zohran yafuuka munnabyabufuzi era abadde [[:en:Mayor_of_New_York_City|Meeya w'ekibuga New York]] okuva nga 1 Ogwoluberyeberye 2026, ng'abadde mmemba [[:en:New_York_State_Assembly|w'olukiiko olukulu olw'essaza ly'e New York]] okuva mu 2021 okutuuka mu 2025. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kitunzi |first=Yahudu |date=June 7, 2025 |title=Mamdani's mayoral goal puts Uganda on the map |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/mamdani-s-mayoral-goal-puts-uganda-on-the-map-5072356 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250609023734/https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/mamdani-s-mayoral-goal-puts-uganda-on-the-map-5072356 |archive-date=June 9, 2025 |access-date=June 7, 2025 |website=[[Daily Monitor|Monitor]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Muhumuza |first=Rodney |date=3 November 2025 |title=In Uganda, where Zohran Mamdani was born, NYC mayoral hopeful is recalled with pride |url=https://apnews.com/article/uganda-zohran-mamdani-mayor-election-new-york-d41260eeef2438498a3aa04118fbd2df |access-date=5 November 2025 |website=[[AP News]] |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news}}</ref> Kampeyini ze ez'obwameeya zawagirwa bazadde be. <ref name="haag20253">{{Cite web|last=Haag|first=Matthew|last2=Goldberg|first2=Emma|title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics|website=[[The New York Times]]|date=27 June 2025|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html|archive-date=7 October 2025|url-status=live|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> == Ebyawandiikibwako == === Ebitabo === * ''The Myth of Population Control: Family, Class and Caste in an Indian Village'' (1972) * ''From Citizen to Refugee: Ugandan Asians Come to Britain'' (1973)<ref>{{cite book |last1=Mamdani |first1=Mahmood |date=2011 |title=From Citizen to Refugee: Uganda Asians Come to Britain |publisher=Pambazuka Press |isbn=9781906387570 |edition=Second}}</ref> * ''Politics and Class Formation in Uganda'' (1976)<ref>{{cite book |last1=Mamdani |first1=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and Class Formation in Uganda |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=9780853453789}}</ref> * ''Imperialism and Fascism in Uganda'' (1984)<ref>{{cite book |last1=Mamdan |first1=Mohamad |date=1984 |title=Imperialism and Fascism in Uganda |publisher=Africa World Press |isbn=9780865430297}}</ref> * ''Academic Freedom in Africa'' (1994) * ''[[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism]]'' (1996)<ref>{{cite book |last1=Mamdani |first1=Mahmood |date=1996 |title=Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism |publisher=Princeton University Press |isbn=9780691027937}}</ref> * ''When Victims Become Killers: Colonialism, Nativism and Genocide in Rwanda'' (2001)<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=28 January 2020 |title=When Victims Become Killers |publisher=Princeton University Press |isbn=978-0-691-19383-0 |language=en |doi=10.1515/9780691193830}}</ref> * ''Understanding the Crisis in Kivu''<ref>{{Cite web |title=African Books Collective: Understanding the Crisis in Kivu |url=https://www.africanbookscollective.com/books/understanding-the-crisis-in-kivu |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=www.africanbookscollective.com}}</ref> * ''Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: America, the Cold War and the Roots of Terror'' (2004)<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2002 |title=Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: A Political Perspective on Culture and Terrorism |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/3567254 |journal=American Anthropologist |volume=104 |issue=3 |pages=766–775 |doi=10.1525/aa.2002.104.3.766 |issn=0002-7294 |jstor=3567254 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> * ''Scholars in the Marketplace. The Dilemmas of Neo-Liberal Reform at Makerere University, 1989–2005'' (2007)<ref>{{cite book |last1=Mamdani |first1=Mahmood |date=2007 |title=Scholars in the Marketplace. The Dilemmas of Neo-Liberal Reform at Makerere University, 1989-2005 |publisher=Codesria |isbn=9782869782013}}</ref> * ''[https://www.codesria.org/spip.php?article1292 Saviors and Survivors: Darfur, Politics, and the War on Terror]'' (2009)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Saviors and Survivors by Mahmood Mamdani: 9780385525961 {{!}} PenguinRandomHouse.com: Books |url=https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/106771/saviors-and-survivors-by-mahmood-mamdani/ |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=PenguinRandomhouse.com |language=en-US}}</ref> * ''Define and Rule: Native as Political Identity'' (The W.E.B. DuBois Lectures) (2012)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Define and Rule — Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.hup.harvard.edu/catalog.php?isbn=9780674050525 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=Harvard University Press |language=en}}</ref> * ''[[:en:Neither_Settler_nor_Native|Neither Settler nor Native: The Making and Unmaking of Permanent Minorities]]'' (2020) * ''Slow Poison: Idi Amin, Yoweri Museveni, and the Making of the Ugandan State'' (2025) === Emboozi ezikungaanyiziddwa === * ''Beyond Rights Talk and Culture Talk: Comparative Essays on the Politics of Rights and Culture'' (2000)<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2000 |title=Beyond Rights Talk and Culture Talk: Comparative Essays on the Politics of Rights and Culture |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yqb7wAEACAAJ |publisher=St. Martin's Press |isbn=978-0-312-23498-0 |language=en}}</ref> === Ebitabo ebisunsuddwa === * ''Uganda Studies in Labour'' (Codesria Book Series) (1968)<ref>{{Cite web |title=African Books Collective: Uganda Studies in Labour |url=https://www.africanbookscollective.com/books/uganda-studies-in-labour |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=www.africanbookscollective.com}}</ref> === Ebirala === * ''Studies in Labor Markets'' (National Bureau of Economic Research Universities-National Bureau Conference Ser) * ''African Studies in Social Movements and Democracy'' (Actes-Sud Papiers) == Laba ne == * [[:en:Indians_in_the_New_York_City_metropolitan_area|Abayindi mu kibuga New York]] * [[:en:Ugandan_Americans|Bannayuganda Abamerika]] == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] <references /> == Ebiwandiiko ebirala by'osobola okusomako == * {{cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=15 July 2013 |title=In Conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.warscapes.com/conversations/conversation-mahmood-mamdani |website=Warscapes |interviewer-last=Shringarpure |interviewer-first=Bhakti}} == Ebijuliziddwa wabweru wa wikipedia == * {{IMDb name}} * {{C-SPAN}} * [https://academictree.org/math/peopleinfo.php?pid=183217 Mahmood Mamdani] at [[:en:Academic_Tree|Academic Tree]] * {{Online books by}} * [https://openlibrary.org/works/OL214797A?mode=all Mahmood Mamdani] at [[:en:Open_Library|Open Library]] * [https://x.com/mm1124 X Profile] 3x16o6gle56updkwyjdxxufdafodqt3 48733 48732 2026-05-03T11:21:15Z Charles Kalanzi 9748 48733 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mahmood Mamdani''' [ a ] FBA (yazaalibwa 23 Ogwokuna 1946) munnayuganda [[:en:Anthropologist|omukugu mu by'enkula y'abantu]], munnaby'anjigiriza, era omukugu mu by'obufuzi. Ye Herbert Lehman Pulofeesa wa Gavumenti era pulofeesa w’ensonga z'ekikula ky'abantu, [[:en:Political_science|ssaayansi w’ebyobufuzi]], n’okunoonyereza [[:en:African_studies|ku nsoma y'Afirika]] mu [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]] . Era akola nga Ccansala wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda, era nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa ku Center for African Studis mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y'e Cape Town]] . Emabegako yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole kya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. Mamdani mukugu mu kusoma ebyobufuzi bya Afrika n’ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw’amatwale]] n’oluvannyuma [[:en:Postcolonialism|lw'obufuzi bw’amatwale]], n’ebyobufuzi [[:en:Knowledge_economy|by’ebyenfuna]] . Mufumbo nga mukazi we ye [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]] omuzannyi wa firimu . Ye ne Nair be bazadde ba [[:en:New_York_City_Mayor|Meeya w'ekibuga New York]] [[Zohran Mamdani]] . == Obuto bwe n’okusoma == Mahmood Mamdani yazaalibwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1946 mu [[:en:Bombay|kibuga Bombay]] (kati Mumbai), Buyindi, ng’ebula omwaka gumu [[:en:British_Raj|enfuga ya Bungereza]] ekome. <ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/education/news/mahmood-mamdani-education-and-career-path-how-zohran-mamdanis-father-built-a-legacy-of-revolution-through-ideas-and-exile/articleshow/122064130.cms "Mahmood Mamdani education and career path: How Zohran Mamdani's father built a legacy of revolution through ideas and exile"]. ''The Times of India''. 25 June 2025. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN&nbsp;]][https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-8257 0971-825]7. Retrieved 13 July 2025.</ref> <ref name="codesria">{{Cite web |title=Pr. Mahmood Mamdani (1998-2002) |url=https://codesria.org/pr-mahmood-mamdani-1998-2002/ |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> Yakulira mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=23 February 2021 |title=Mahmood Mamdani on Uganda |url=https://africasacountry.com/2011/04/mamdani-on-uganda |website=Africa is a Country}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Permanent Minorities and the Politics of Survivors: A conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://worldpeacefoundation.org/blog/permanent-minorities-and-the-politics-of-survivors-a-conversation-with-mahmood-mamdani/ |website=World Peace Foundation}}</ref> ng'omu ku [[:en:Indian_diaspora_in_Southeast_Africa|Bayindi ababundabunda mu bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba bwa Afrika]] . Bazadde be bombi, [[:en:Gujarati_Muslim|basiraamu Abagujarati]], baazaalibwa era ne bakulira mu kitundu kya Bungereza eky'amatwale ki [[:en:Tanganyika_Territory|Tanganyika]] (leero Tanzania). Abafumbo bano baagenda e Bombay olwo kitaawe n’asomerayo mu ttendekero ekkulu. <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Chen |first=Kuan-Hsing |last2=Gao |first2=Shiming |last3=Tang |first3=Xiaolin |date=2016 |title=The formation of an African intellectual: an interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |journal=Inter-Asia Cultural Studies |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=456–480 |doi=10.1080/14649373.2016.1218676 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref>Muhoozi, Mourice (6 March 2022). [https://www.watchdoguganda.com/news/20220306/131449/meet-ugandas-most-iconic-academician-prof-mahmood-mamdani.html "Meet Uganda's most Iconic academician, Prof. Mahmood Mamdani"]. ''Watchdog Uganda''</ref> Famire yaddayo e [[:en:Dar_es_Salaam|Dar es Salaam]], Tanganyika, nga Mamdani wa myaka ebiri, ne bagenda e Uganda nga wa myaka etaano oba mukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Mu kiseera ekyo, Uganda yali yayawulwamu okusinziira ku mawanga, omuli abantu gye babeera, amasomero, emizikiti, n’ebifo abaana we bazannyira. Okusoma kwe mu pulayimale, Mamdani yasooka kugenda mu [[:en:Madrasa|madarasa]], n’oluvannyuma mu Government Indian Primary School. <ref name=":8"/> Yakula ng'ayogera [[:en:Gujarati_language|Olugujarati]], [[:en:Urdu|Oluurdu]] [[:en:Swahili_language|n'Oluswayiri]] . Yatandika okusoma Olungereza mu kibiina eky’omukaaga. <ref name=":8" /> Oluvannyuma lw’okusoma siniya ey’awansi, yasomera ku Old Kampala Senior Secondary School, gye yali omuwandiisi w’ekibiina kya Do-it-Yourself Physics. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uganda: Buganda And Uganda At Crossroads |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090826030635/http://allafrica.com/stories/200908100585.html |archive-date=26 August 2009 |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=AllAfrica}}</ref> Mamdani yali omu ku bayizi Bannayuganda 23 abaali mu kibiina kya [[:en:The_Kennedy_Airlift|Kennedy Airlift]] mu 1963, enteekateeka ya sikaala eyaweebwa ssente okuva mu Amerika eyaleetera ebikumi n’ebikumi by'abayizi okuva mu [[:en:East_Africa|Buvanjuba bwa Afrika]] okusomera ku yunivasite mu Amerika ne Canada wakati wa 1959 ne 1963. <ref name="indian tele">{{Cite web |last=Sen |first=Manjula |date=25 January 2009 |title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp |archive-date=2 February 2009 |access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref> Mamdani yatikkirwa diguli ya Bachelor of Arts okuva mu [[:en:University_of_Pittsburgh|Yunivasite y’e Pittsburgh]] <ref name="codesria"/> mu 1967. <ref>{{Cite book |date=1 January 2010 |title=International Encyclopedia of Civil Society |url=https://link.springer.com/referencework/10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |vauthors=((Anheier, H. K.)), ((Toepler, S.)) |publisher=Springer US |isbn=978-0-387-93994-0 |editor-last=Anheier |editor-first=Helmut K. |doi=10.1007/978-0-387-93996-4 |editor-last2=Toepler |editor-first2=Stefan}}</ref> Yali omu ku bayizi abangi mu bukiikakkono bwa Amerika abaali mu lugendo lwa bbaasi mu bukiikaddyo okutuuka e [[:en:Montgomery,_Alabama|Montgomery, Alabama]], olwategekebwa [[:en:Student_Nonviolent_Coordinating_Committee|akakiiko akakwasaganya abayizi abatali ba ffujjo]] mu Gwokusatu 1965 okwetaba mu kaweefube w'okulwanirira [[:en:Civil_rights_movement|eddembe ly’obuntu]] . Kino kyaliwo mu kiseera ky’okutambula okuva e [[:en:Selma_to_Montgomery_marches|Selma okutuuka e Montgomery]], naye nga kyo kya njawulo. Yasibibwa mu kkomera mu kutambula kuno era n’akkirizibwa okukuba essimu. Mamdani yakubira [[:en:Embassy_of_Uganda,_Washington,_D.C.|omubaka wa Uganda]] e [[:en:Washington,_DC|Washington, DC]], amuyambe. Omubaka yamubuuza lwaki "ayingirira ensonga z'omunda mu nsi engwira", n'amuddamu nti teyali nsonga ya munda wabula olutalo lw'eddembe era nti nabo eddembe lyabwe baali bakalifuna omwaka ogwakaggwa. <ref name="pambazuka">{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=28 April 2007 |title=The Asian question again: A reflection |url=http://www.pambazuka.org/en/category/comment/41273 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]] (Uganda) |via=pambazuka.org}}</ref> Amangu ddala nga wayiseewo akaseera katono, Mamdani yategeera ku mulimu gwa [[:en:Karl_Marx|Karl Marx]] okuva mu kukyala kwe ku FBI. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Shringarpure |first=Bhakti |author-link=Bhakti Shringarpure |date=15 July 2013 |title=In Conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.warscapes.com/conversations/conversation-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=6 November 2017 |website=Warscapes |language=en |quote=I thought the guy Marx had just died. […] So that was my introduction to Karl Marx.}}</ref> Yasomera ku [[:en:Fletcher_School_of_Law_and_Diplomacy|Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy]] mu [[:en:Tufts_University|Yunivasite ya Tufts]] era mu 1968 yatikkirwa diguli ya Master of Arts mu [[:en:Political_science|byobufuzi]] ne Master of Arts mu mateeka ne diplomacy mu 1969. Yafuna diguli ye [[:en:Doctor_of_philosophy|eyookusatu]] mu gavumenti okuva mu [[:en:Harvard_University|Yunivasite y'e Harvard]] mu 1974, wansi w’obulagirizi bwa [[:en:Karl_Deutsch|Karl Deutsch]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and class formation in Uganda |url=http://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=978-0-85345-378-9 |location=New York |via=Internet Archive}}</ref> Omulamwa kw'eyatambuliza ddiguli ye eyookusatu yagiwa omutwe "''Politics and Class Formation in Uganda."'' <ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and Class Formation in Uganda |url=https://archive.org/details/politicsclassfor0000mamd |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=0-85345-378-0 |location=New York |oclc=2073894 |url-access=registration}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Allen |first=Judith Van |last2=Mamdani |first2=Mahmood |last3=Shivji |first3=Issa G. |date=November 1977 |title=Reviewed Works: Politics and Class Formation in Uganda. by Mahmood Mamdani; Class Struggles in Tanzania. by Issa G. Shivji |journal=Contemporary Sociology |publisher=American Sociological Association |volume=6 |issue=6 |pages=702 |doi=10.2307/2066367 |issn=0094-3061 |eissn=1939-8638 |jstor=2066367}}</ref> == Emirimu gye == Mamdani yakomawo mu Uganda ku ntandikwa ya 1972 era naweebwa omulimu ku [[Makerere University, Uganda|yunivasite y'e Makerere]] mu Kampala [[:en:Teaching_assistant|ng'ayambako omusomesa]], mu kiseera kye kimu yali akola ku kunoonyereza kwe okwa ddiguli eyookusatu. . Ye n’Abaasia abasinga obungi [[:en:Expulsion_of_Asians_from_Uganda|baagobebwa]] mu Uganda ku nkomerero y’omwaka ogwo [[Idi Amin]] olw’amawanga gaabwe; Amin yali agenderera "kuzzaawo" bizinensi n'ebintu. Mamdani yava mu Uganda n’agenda mu nkambi y’ababundabunda mu Bungereza ku ntandikwa y'omwezi Gwekkuminoogumu. <ref name="lrb2022">{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2022-10-06 |title=The Asian Question |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v44/n19/mahmood-mamdani/the-asian-question |journal=[[London Review of Books]] |language=en |volume=44 |issue=19 |issn=0260-9592 |access-date=2025-09-08}}</ref> Yava e Bungereza mu makkati ga 1973 oluvannyuma lw’okuyingizibwa mu [[:en:University_of_Dar_es_Salaam|Yunivasite y’e Dar es Salaam]] mu Tanzania. <ref name="pambazuka"/> <ref name="cas2018">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> <ref name="bio2">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> Mu Dar es Salaam, yamaliriza okuwandiika dissertation ye. Yali mujjumbize nnyo n’ebibiina ebiwakanya Amin. Mu 1979, yeetaba mu Ttabamiruka w’e Moshi ng’omutunuulizi. Yaddayo mu Uganda oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa ku bukulembeze oluvannyuma lw'olutalo lwa [[Olutalo lwa Uganda ne Tanzania|Uganda ne Tanzania]] mu 1979. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McCormack |first=Pete |date=17 October 2005 |title=Interview with Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.petemccormack.com/interview_mamdani_001.htm |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=petemccormack.com}}</ref> <ref name="bio2" /> Mu kiseera kino, yakozesebwa ng'omutendeke mu kibiina kya [[:en:All_Africa_Conference_of_Churches|All Africa Conference of Churches]], omukago [[:en:Ecumenical_Christian|gw'Abakristaayo ogw'ensi yonna]] ogusangibwa e [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, ng'akolera mu ofiisi [[:en:Church_of_Uganda|y'Ekkanisa ya Uganda]] mu Kampala. <ref name="lrb2022"/> Okuva mu 1980 (oluvannyuma lwa Amin okugobwa mu ntebe mu 1979) okutuuka mu 1993 yaddamu okukolera yunivasite y’e Makerere. <ref name="bio2"/> <ref name="lrb2022"/>​[[Milton Obote|​]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kagolo |first=Francis |date=8 February 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani to be honoured among Africa's best |url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/628869-prof-mamdani-to-be-honoured-among-africa-s-best.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[New Vision]]}}</ref> Yaddayo e Dar es Salaam. Oluvannyuma lwa Obote okugobwa mu ntebe omulundi ogwokubiri, Mamdani yaddamu okudda mu Uganda mu Gwomukaaga 1986. <ref name="indian tele"/> Yali dayirekita eyatandikawo ekitongole kya Centre for Basic Research (CBR), ekitongole kya Uganda ekitali kya gavumenti ekyasooka mu kunoonyereza, mwe yaweereza okuva mu 1987 okutuuka mu 1996. <ref name="diaspora">{{Cite web |date=29 November 2012 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012 |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=ugandandiaspora.com}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> <ref name="csds">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Yaliko pulofeesa omugenyi ku [[:en:University_of_Durban-Westville|Yunivasite y’e Durban]] - [[:en:Westville,_KwaZulu-Natal|Westville]] mu South Africa (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka mu Gwomukaaga 1993), ku [[:en:Nehru_Memorial_Museum_&_Library|Nehru Memorial Museum & Library]] e New Delhi (okuva Gwoluberyeberye okutuuka Gwomukaaga 1995), ne mu [[:en:Princeton_University|Yunivasite y'e Princeton]] (1995–96). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vance |first=Dara |date=2015-11-20 |title=UK Committee on Social Theory Hosts Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://uknow.uky.edu/uk-happenings/uk-committee-social-theory-hosts-mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=UKNow}}</ref> Mu 1996, yalondebwa okubeera omukulembeze w’entebe ya [[:en:Archibald_Campbell_Jordan|AC Jordan]] ey'ensoma y'Afirika mu [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|Yunivasite y’e Cape Town]], <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 March 2011 |title=UCT in war over 'bantu education' |url=http://mg.co.za/article/2011-03-11-uct-in-war-over-bantu-education |access-date=22 March 2013}}</ref> era ku ntandikwa ya 1997 n’afuuka akulira [[:en:Centre_for_African_Studies|ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku by'ensoma y'Afirika]] (CAS). <ref name="uwn2018">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> Yavaawo oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obutakkaanya n'abasomesa (abasinga obungi abazungu) ku bbago ly'ensoma ye ey'omusomo ogw'omusingi ku Afrika oguyitibwa "Problematising Africa". <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=June 1, 1998 |title=Is African studies to be turned into a new home for Bantu education at UCT? |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/02533959808458649 |journal=Social Dynamics |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=63–75 |doi=10.1080/02533959808458649 |issn=0253-3952 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> <ref name="cas2018"/> Mamdani, eyalaga nti ensoma eriwo eya " [[:en:Bantu_Education_Act,_1953|Bantu studies]] " (mu kujjuliza ku kusomesa Abaddugavu wansi w'enfuga [[:en:Apartheid|y'obusosoze]] ) <ref name="cas2018" /> yayimirizibwa era okukkakkana ng'alekulidde. <ref name="davis2017">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> "Ensonga ya Mamdani" ekyayogerwako mu kukubaganya ebirowoozo ku [[:en:Decolonization_of_higher_education_in_South_Africa|kununula amatendekero aga waggulu okuva mu nsoma y'abamatwale]] . Oluvannyuma yagamba nti teyalina busungu ku muntu yenna, era yalina enkolagana ennungi ekiseera kye yamalayo. Yagamba nti obutakwatagana bwali ku njawulo mu ndowooza n'addala ensengeka y’ensoma ku bikwata ku kusoma South Africa ng’ensi ya Afrika. Oluvannyuma (2018) yakomezebwawo nga pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa asuutibwa. [ b ] <ref name="uwn2018" /> Mu 1999, Mamdani yalondebwa okuba dayirekita w’ekitongole ekikola ku by’okunoonyereza ku Afirika mu yunivasite ya Columbia, ekifo kye yalina okutuusa mu 2004. <ref name="uwn2018"/> Okuva olwo abadde asomesa eyo (nga 2025). <ref name="haag2025">{{Cite web |last=Haag |first=Matthew |last2=Goldberg |first2=Emma |date=27 June 2025 |title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html |archive-date=7 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Yaliko dayirekita w’ekitongole ekinoonyereza ku mbeera z’abantu ekya [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere Institute of Social Research]] (MISR) mu [[Kampala]], Uganda, okuva mu 2010 okutuuka mu 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=18 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University]] |archive-date=2 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002055113/http://misr.mak.ac.ug/people/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Agaba |first=John |title=Mamdani talks about his research legacy and work at Makerere |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20220329112608625 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="bio2"/> Okutuuka mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2025 [[:en:Columbia_University#Academics|pulofeesa wa Herbert Lehman mu Gavumenti]] era pulofeesa ku nkula y'abantu, okusoma saayansi w'ebyobufuzi [[:en:African_studies|n'okusoma ku Afirika]] ku [[:en:Columbia_University|Yunivasite y'e Columbia]].<ref name="bio2" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Faculty Bio: Mahmood Mamdani |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/anthropology/fac-bios/mamdani/faculty.html |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Era akola nga chancellor wa [[Kampala International University]] mu Uganda. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile: Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://kiu.ac.ug/news-page.php?i=press-release-kampala-international-university-kiu-appoints-prof-mahmood-mamdani-as-chancellor |access-date=24 August 2020 |publisher=[[Kampala International University]]}}</ref> == Okunoonyereza n'okuwandiika == Mamdani yeemalira mu kunoonyereza ku byobufuzi bya Afirika n'eby'ensi yonna, [[:en:Colonialism|obufuzi bw'amatwale]] [[:en:Postcolonialism|n'oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale]], n'ebyobufuzi by'ebyenfuna. Ebitabo bye byekenneenya enkolagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'ebyobuwangwa, okugeraageranya [[:en:Colonialism|okufugibwa kw'amatwale]] okuva mu 1452, ebyafaayo by'entalo z'omunda [[:en:Genocide|n'ekitta bantu]] mu Afirika, [[:en:Cold_War|Olutalo olw'Ensi Yonna olw'ebigambo]] [[:en:War_on_terror|n'olutalo ku butujju]], n'ebyafaayo by'eddembe ly'obuntu.<ref>vSneh, Itai Nartzizenfield (2008). [https://books.google.com/books?id=iax4AAAAMAAJ ''The Future Almost Arrived: How Jimmy Carter Failed to Change U.S. Foreign Policy''.] [[:en:Peter_Lang_(publishing_company)|Peter Lang]]. p. 169. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780820481852|9780820481852]]</bdi>.</ref> Okunoonyereza kwe okw'omwaka 2016 kwatandikira ku kitabo kye eky'omwaka 1996, [[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]. <ref>[http://polisci.columbia.edu/people/profile/96 "Mahmood Mamdani | Department of Political Science"]. ''polisci.columbia.edu''. Retrieved 21 January 2016.</ref>Mu kitabo ekyo, yagamba nti eggwanga eryafugibwa terisobola kutegeerwa nga tewekenenyeza bulungi eggwanga eryalifuga.Enkola y'obufuzi bw'amatwale mu Afirika yali eddamu okusoomoozebwa kw'ekibuuzo "ekikulu", era yagamba nti yafuuka "amawanga agaabuluziddwamu".<ref name=":0">Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. pp. 15–16. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|<bdi>9780852553992</bdi>.]]</ref>Kino kyali kikolebwa mu ngeri bbiri: ku ludda olumu nga bafuga butereevu, nga kino kyali kikolwa kya "buyinza" era nga kyali kigenderera okuggya abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo ku ddembe ly'obuntu eryali liweebwa abatuuze mu bitundu ebirala, ate ku ludda olulala nga bafuga mu ngeri etali y'abuteerevu, nga kino kyali kikolebwa mu byalo era nga kizingiramu okuyingiza "bannansi" mu "mateeka g'eggwanga" agaateekebwawo ab'obuyinza mu byalo, era nga kino yakiyita "obwannakyemalira obw'okugabanya obuyinza".<ref name=":0" /> Embeera eno yali "yakusika muguwa" era ng'erimu "engeri bbiri ez'obuyinza wansi w'obuyinza obumu".<ref name=":0" /> Oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bw'amatwale, ebibuga byali tebikyayawulamu bantu lwa langi naye ebyalo byali bikyafugibwa abakulembeze abaali mu nkwawa z'abafuzi b'amatwale, ka babe abakulembeze ab'ennono oba b'ebali bakwasizzaobuyinza nga balina ebiruubirirwa by'okufugisa omukono ogw'ekyuma.<ref>Clapham, Chris (1997). "Review: Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism by Mahmood Mamdani'". ''Royal Institute of International Affairs''. '''73''': 606.</ref>Mu ngeri eno obukulembeze bwonna bwaleeta enjawukana mu mawnga era n'ekutondawo obukulembeze bwabwe obw'enjawulo obwannakyemalira.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref> Mamdani yekennenya ebyafaayo mu South Africa ne Uganda okulaga nti obufuzi bw'amatwale bwakozesa obuyinza obuyitiridde era obuyinza obwo bweyongera okubaawo oluvannyuma lw'ameefuga.<ref>Mamdani, Mahmood (1 January 1996). ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism''. p. 37. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780852553992|9780852553992]]</bdi>.</ref>Ng’asomooza endowooza eza bulijjo ku busosoze mu South Afrika nga ez’enjawulo, agamba nti [[:en:Apartheid|obusosoze mu mawanga]] bwali ngeri ya bulijjo ey’ettwale lya Bulaaya mu Africa, nga lizingiramu ensonga [[:en:Indirect_rule|z’obufuzi obutali butereevu]] n’okukwatagana<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=1 January 1996 |title=Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism |isbn=9780852553992 |pages=16–18}}</ref> Mu kitabo kye ekyafulumizibwa mu 2004 ekya ''Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: America, the Cold War, and the Roots of Terror'' Mamdani yagamba nti [[:en:Suicide_attack|abeetuze]] balina okumanyibwa "ng'ekika ky'omujaasi" era nti balina "okutegeerwa mu ngeri y'effujjo ly'ebyobufuzi ery'omulembe guno okusinga okuvumwavumwa ng'akabonero k'obukambwe". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bickerton |first=James |date=2025-07-11 |title=Zohran Mamdani's father's remark about suicide bombers comes under scrutiny |url=https://www.newsweek.com/zohran-mamdani-father-remark-about-suicide-bombers-comes-under-scrutiny-2097793 |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref> Omuyivu omu yagamba nti kino si kuwagira kwettisa bbomu wabula kwekenneenya okwanenya '"okusalawo kwa Amerika ku nkola y'ensonga z'ebweru naddala mu kiseera ky'olutalo olw'ebigambo", okutondawo embeera [[:en:Islamic_extremism|y'Obusiraamu obw'annalukalala]] [[:en:Political_violence|n'effujjo mu byobufuzi]] " mwe byakulaakulanira. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Murray |first=Conor |date=Jul 11, 2025 |title=Mahmood Mamdani's Work Does Not Advocate Violence, Expert Says |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/conormurray/2025/07/11/sequoias-maguire-unfairly-targets-zohran-mamdanis-father-fellow-academic-says/ |access-date=2025-07-12 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko bye bifulumiddde mu ''[[:en:London_Review_of_Books|London Review of Books]]'' n'ekampuni ezifulumya ebitabo ebirala.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/contributors/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=London Review of Books |language=en-GB}}</ref> Okusinziira ku CAS, ebiwandiiko bya Mamdani "bibadde bikulu mu kusomebwa abayizi abali ku misomo gyabwe egya undergraduate ne Postgraduate ku UCT ssaako n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo ku nsoma y'ebyafaayo n'ebyobufuzi bya Afirika , nga banonyereza ku nkwatagana wakati w'ebyobufuzi n'obuwangwa, okugerageranya obufuzi bw'amatwale, entalo ez'omunda mu ggwanga n'ekittabantu mu Afirika".<ref name="uwn20182">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> == Emirimu gy'emirala == Okuva mu 1998 <ref name="bio22">{{Cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Department of Anthropology}}</ref> oba 1999 okutuuka mu 2002, Mamdani yaweereza nga pulezidenti w'olukiiko olukulaakulanya okunoonyereza ku ssaayansi w'embeera z'abantu mu Afrika ([[:en:Council_for_the_Development_of_Social_Science_Research_in_Africa|Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa]]). <ref name="cas20182">{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Centre for African Studies, UCT}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumineebiri 2001, yawa okwogera ku "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" mu lukungaana lwa [[:en:Nobel_Prize|Nobel Centennial Symposium]] e [[:en:Oslo|Oslo]], Norway. <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 December 2001 |title=Speech by Dr. Mahmood Mamdani: "Making Sense of Violence in Postcolonial Africa" |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/mediaplayer/index.php?id=1281 |access-date=24 March 2013 |publisher=Nobel Prize}}</ref> Mu Gwomwenda 2006, Mamdani yali omu ku boogezi abaayitibwa mu lukuŋŋaana lw’ekibiina kya [[:en:Ugandan_North_American_Association_(UNAA)|Uganda North American Association (UNAA)]] mu kibuga New York. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2006-09-05 |title=UNAA Convention was disorganised! |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/news/1141390/unaa-convention-disorganised |access-date=2026-02-18 |publisher=New Vision (Kampala)}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano 2011, mu kiseera ky'okwekalakaasa okwali mu kibangirizi kya Tahrir([[:en:Tahrir_Square_protests|Tahrir Square protests]]) mu kibuga [[:en:Cairo|Cairo]], Misiri, Mamdani yayitibwa okwogerako mu [[:en:American_University_of_Cairo|Yunivasite y’Amerika e Cairo]]. Ng’ayogera eri abayizi mu [[:en:University_of_KwaZulu-Natal|yunivasite y’e KwaZulu-Natal]] mu South Africa mu 2012, kino yakigeraageranya n’obwegugungo obwaliwo mu Soweto ([[:en:1976_Soweto_uprising|Soweto Uprising]]) mu 1976 . <ref name="kwazulu2012">{{Cite web |date=24 April 2012 |title=Address on Receiving an Honorary Doctorate at the University of Kwazulu Natal |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/mesaas/images/faculty/news/Mamdani%20commencement.pdf |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> Mu Gwekkumi 2011, Mamdani (nga bali wamu ne Rhoda Ann Kanaaneh) y'eyali omwogezi omukulu mu lukungaana lw’eggwanga olwasooka olw’abayizi olwa [[:en:Students_for_Justice_in_Palestine|Students for Justice in Palestine]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Silver |first=Carly |date=2011-10-16 |title=Reporting live from the first-ever SJP National Conference |url=https://newvoices.org/2011/10/15/reporting-live-from-the-first-ever-sjp-national-conference/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=New Voices |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nathan-Kazis |first=Josh |date=2011-10-11 |title=Pro-Palestinian Student Activists Plan First National Conference |url=https://forward.com/news/144173/pro-palestinian-student-activists-plan-push/ |access-date=2025-09-08 |website=The Forward |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2017 yayitibwa okuwa omusomo ku lunaku lwa [[:en:TB_Davie_Memorial_Lecture|TB Davie Memorial]] ku ddembe ly'okusoma mu Yunivasite y'e Cape Town, era emboozi ye, eyatuumibwa "Decolonising the Post-Colonial University" yaleetawo okukubaganya ebirowoozo kungi. <ref name="uwn20183">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="davis20172">{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=23 August 2017 |title=Mahmood Mamdani: Sixteen years on, UCT's old nemesis returns to talk decolonisation |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-08-23-mahmood-mamdani-sixteen-years-on-ucts-old-nemesis-returns-to-talk-decolonisation/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Daily Maverick}}</ref> Okuva mu Gwekkumineebiri 2017 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2018, Mamdani yaweereza nga Rajni Kothari Chair Professor mu [[:en:Centre_for_the_Study_of_Developing_Societies|Center for the Study of Developing Societies]] mu [[:en:Delhi|Delhi,]] Buyindi. Oluvannyuma lw'ekisanja kye okuggwako, nga 4 Ogwokuna 2018 yawa omusomo gwa Rajni Kothari Chair ogutegekebwa buli mwaka, ogwatuumibwa "Okulowooza ku bwenkanya okuyita mu bumanyirivu bw'Afirika mu kyasa eky'amakumi abiri". <ref name="csds2">{{Cite web |date=4 April 2018 |title=Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041545/https://www.csds.in/mahmood_mamdani_ |archive-date=4 October 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=CSDS}}</ref> Alabikidde mu firimu z’ebyafaayo ng’omukugu okugeza, ''[[:en:Rwanda:_The_Untold_Story|Rwanda: The Untold Story]]'' (2014, [[:en:BBC|BBC]] ), ''The Dictator’s Playbook'' (2018, [[:en:PBS|PBS]] ) ne ''[[:en:How_to_Become_a_Tyrant|How to Become a Tyrant]]'' (2021, [[:en:Netflix|Netflix]]). <ref>{{Cite AV media|url=https://www.pbs.org/video/idi-amin-3ol3rz/|title=The Dictator's Playbook {{!}} Idi Amin {{!}} Episode 6|language=en|publisher=[[PBS]]|via=}}</ref> Yalabikira mu firimu ya [[:en:Cameo_appearance|cameo]] ,mu firimu ya 2012 ''eya [[:en:The_Reluctant_Fundamentalist_(film)|The Reluctant Fundamentalist]]'', eyakulemberwamu mukyala we. <ref>{{Cite AV media|title=[[The Reluctant Fundamentalist]]|date=2012|last=Nair|first=Mira|publisher=[[IFC Films]]}}</ref> Mu 2024, yeegatta ku [[:en:Gaza_tribunal|Gaza Tribunal]], eyagenderera "okuzuukusa ebibiina by'obwannakyewa ku buvunaanyizibwa bwabyo n'okukomya ekittabantu kya Yisirayiri mu Gaza." <ref>{{Cite web |title=Home |url=https://gazatribunal.com/ |access-date=2025-12-07 |website=Gaza Tribunal |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title='Gaza Tribunal' established in London to seek justice for war crimes in Gaza |url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/europe/-gaza-tribunal-established-in-london-to-seek-justice-for-war-crimes-in-gaza/3383887 |access-date=2026-01-07 |website=www.aa.com.tr}}</ref> == Okusiimibwa == Mu 2008, mu kunoonyereza okwakolebwa ku mutimbagano mu lwatu, Mamdani yalondebwa ng'owomwenda ku bantu abagezi abasinga mu nsi yonna ku lukalala lw'abagezigezi 100 okuva mu ''[[:en:Prospect_(magazine)|Prospect Magazine]]'' (UK) ne ''[[:en:Foreign_Policy|Foreign Policy]]'' (US). <ref>{{Cite web |date=2008 |title=The 2008 List |url=http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/prospect-100-intellectuals/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090930143349/http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/prospect-100-intellectuals/ |archive-date=30 September 2009 |publisher=[[Prospect (magazine)|Prospect Magazine]] (UK) / [[Foreign Policy]] (US)}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |date=2008 |title=The World's Top 20 Public Intellectuals |journal=Foreign Policy |publisher=Slate Group, LLC |issue=167 |pages=54–57 |issn=0015-7228 |eissn=1945-2276 |jstor=25462318}}</ref> Mu Gwomusanvu 2017, Mamdani yalondebwa okubeera [[:en:Corresponding_Fellow_of_the_British_Academy|Omukwanaganya wa British Academy (FBA)]], ettendekero ly’eggwanga erya Bungereza erikola ku by’obuntubulamu ne ssaayansi w’embeera z’abantu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 July 2017 |title=Elections to the British Academy celebrate the diversity of UK research |url=http://www.britac.ac.uk/news/elections-british-academy-celebrate-diversity-uk-research |access-date=29 July 2017 |website=British Academy}}</ref> Mu Gwokutaano nga 28, 2018 ( [[:en:Africa_Day|Africa Day]] ), Mamdani yalondebwa okuba pulofeesa ow’ekitiibwa mu Center for African Studies mu Yunivasite y’e Cape Town. Dayirekita wa CAS [[:en:Lungisile_Ntsebeza|Lungisile Ntsebeza]], okulondebwa kuno yakuyita kwa "byafaayo mu bitongole", era nga kikulu mu nteekateeka y'okufuna obwetwaze bwa yunivasite m okuva mu kwekalakaasa kw'abayizi okwa " [[:en:Rhodes_Must_Fall|Rhodes Must Fall]] " mu Gwokusatu 2015. Abakulembeze b'abayizi bangi baali balaze obukulu bwa Ssikaala ya Mamdani, era okusinziira ku kino, UCT yandibadde ekola enkyukakyuka ez'omuggundu ku ntegeka y'ensoma. <ref name="uwn20184">{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Mamdani returns to UCT centre as honorary professor |url=https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002101720/https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20180601110143611 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=University World News}}</ref> <ref name="cas20183">{{Cite web|title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT|website=Centre for African Studies, UCT|date=28 May 2018|url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-date=7 November 2025|url-status=live|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Prof Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/contacts/mahmood-mamdani |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251004041546/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/contacts/mahmood-mamdani |archive-date=4 Oct 2025 |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Faculty of Humanities}}</ref> === Engule n’okusunsulwa === * 1997: [[:en:Herskovits_Prize|Herskovits Prize]] for ''[[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism]]''<ref name="cas20184">{{cite web |title=Professor Mamdani rejoins UCT|website=Centre for African Studies, UCT|date=28 May 2018|url=https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107045610/https://humanities.uct.ac.za/african-studies/articles/2018-05-28-professor-mamdani-rejoins-uct|archive-date=7 November 2025|url-status=live|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> * 1999: [[:en:University_of_Cape_Town|University of Cape Town]] Book Award for ''Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Colonialism''<ref>{{cite web |title=UCT Book Award |url=https://www.uct.ac.za/about/honours/bookaward/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130404065845/http://www.uct.ac.za/about/honours/bookaward/ |archive-date=4 April 2013 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[University of Cape Town]]}}</ref> * 2009: GDS Eminent Scholar Award from the [[:en:International_Studies_Association|International Studies Association]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=GDS Eminent Scholar Award Past Recipients |url=https://www.isanet.org/Programs/Awards/GDS-Eminent-Scholar/Past-Recipients |access-date=16 January 2019 |website=www.isanet.org}}</ref> * 2011: [[:en:H._F._Lenfest|Lenfest]] Distinguished Faculty Award<ref>{{cite web |date=15 April 2011 |title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani Recognized with Lenfest Award |url=http://www.sipa.columbia.edu/news_events/announcements/MahmoodMamdaniFacultyAward04152011.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121221034143/http://sipa.columbia.edu/news_events/announcements/MahmoodMamdaniFacultyAward04152011.html |archive-date=21 December 2012 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[School of International and Public Affairs, Columbia University]]}}</ref> * 2012: Scholar of the Year at the 2nd Annual African Diaspora Awards for his immense contribution to African Scholarship<ref>{{cite web |date=19 November 2012 |title=Prof. Mamdani Is To Be Honored As "Scholar of the Year" At The Annual African Diaspora Awards NYC |url=http://misr.mak.ac.ug/news/prof-mamdani-be-honored-scholar-year-annual-african-diaspora-awards-nyc |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Makerere University|MISR]]}}</ref> * 2012: Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012<ref name="diaspora2">{{cite web |url=http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora|title=Professor Mahmood Mamdani, Uganda's Leading Political Scholar & recipient Ugandan Diaspora Award 2012|date=29 November 2012|publisher=ugandandiaspora.com|access-date=21 March 2013|archive-date=1 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501023729/http://www.ugandandiaspora.com/professor-mahmood-mamdani-ugandas-leading-scholar-in-the-diaspora|url-status=dead}}</ref> * 2021: ''[[:en:Neither_Settler_Nor_Native:_The_Making_and_Unmaking_of_Permanent_Minorities|Neither Settler Nor Native: The Making and Unmaking of Permanent Minorities]]'' (2020), shortlisted for the [[:en:British_Academy_Book_Prize_for_Global_Cultural_Understanding|British Academy Book Prize for Global Cultural Understanding]], and as "World History Finalist" by Association of American Publishers Awards for Professional and Scholarly Excellence ([[:en:PROSE_Awards|PROSE Awards]])<ref name="bio23">{{cite web |title=Mahmood Mamdani|website=Department of Anthropology|url=https://anthropology.columbia.edu/content/mahmood-mamdani|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> === Diguli ez’ekitiibwa === * 25 Ogwokutaano 2010: [[:en:University_of_Johannesburg|University of Johannesburg]], [[:en:DLitt|DLitt]] ([[:en:Honoris_Causa|Honoris Causa]])<ref>{{cite web |date=May 2010 |title=Mahmood Mamdani conferred with an honorary doctorate |url=http://www.uj.ac.za/EN/Newsroom/News/Pages/MahmoodMamdaniconferredwithanhonorarydoctorate201006222.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130421210222/http://www.uj.ac.za/EN/Newsroom/News/Pages/MahmoodMamdaniconferredwithanhonorarydoctorate201006222.aspx |archive-date=21 April 2013 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[University of Johannesburg]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=25 May 2010 |title=Speech delivered by Professor Prof Mahmood Mamdani at the University of Johannesburg, South Africa |url=http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech-2.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501065506/http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech-2.pdf |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[CODESRIA]]}}</ref> * 24 Ogwomusanvu 2010: [[:en:Addis_Ababa_University|Addis Ababa University]], DLitt (Honoris Causa)<ref>{{cite web |date=24 July 2010 |title=Remarks on receipt of Honorary Doctorate at Addis Ababa University |url=http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech_2-2.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501065507/http://www.codesria.org/IMG/pdf/Prof_Mahmood_Mamdani_Speech_2-2.pdf |archive-date=1 May 2021 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[CODESRIA]]}}</ref> * 24 Ogwokuna 2012: [[:en:University_of_KwaZulu-Natal|University of KwaZulu-Natal]], DLitt (Honoris Causa)<ref>{{cite web |date=12 April 2012 |title=Media Statement: UKZN To honour leading South Africans and women graduates excel |url=http://www.ukzn.ac.za/docs/media-releases/graduation-2012.docx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305015502/http://www.ukzn.ac.za/docs/media-releases/graduation-2012.docx |archive-date=5 March 2016 |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[University of KwaZulu-Natal]] |format=[[MS Word]]}}</ref><ref name="kwazulu20122">{{cite web |date=24 April 2012 |title=Address on Receiving an Honorary Doctorate at the University of Kwazulu Natal |url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/mesaas/images/faculty/news/Mamdani%20commencement.pdf |access-date=21 March 2013 |publisher=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> == Obulamu bwe ng'omuntu == Mamdani yawasa [[:en:Mira_Nair|Mira Nair]], dayirekita wa firimu era pulodyusa Omuyindi ng’abeera mu Amerika, mu 1991. Baasooka kusisinkana mu [[:en:Nairobi|Nairobi]], Kenya, n’oluvannyuma ne baddamu mu Kampala, Uganda, mu 1989 Nair bwe yali akola okunoonyereza ku firimu ye, ''[[Mississippi Masala]]'' . <ref name="lahr2002">{{cite interview|first=Mira|last=Nair|interviewer-last=Lahr|interviewer-first=John|title=Whirlwind|website=[[The New Yorker]]|date=2 December 2002|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|url-access=subscription|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141022030926/http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|archive-date=22 October 2014|url-status=live|quote=Published in the print edition of the December 9, 2002, issue.}}</ref> <ref name="indian tele2">{{Cite web|url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202091043/http://telegraphindia.com/1090125/jsp/7days/story_10437115.jsp|url-status=dead|archive-date=2 February 2009|title=She interviewed me, we fell in love almost instantly|last=Sen|first=Manjula|date=25 January 2009|access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref>Baagattibwa mu 1991. Mu 2025 Mamdani ne Nair babeera mu kitundu kya [[:en:Morningside_Heights|Morningside Heights]] mu [[:en:Manhattan|Manhattan]], okumpi ne Yunivaasite y'e Columbia. <ref name="haag20252">{{Cite web|last=Haag|first=Matthew|last2=Goldberg|first2=Emma|title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics|website=[[The New York Times]]|date=27 June 2025|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html|archive-date=7 October 2025|url-status=live|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news}}</ref> Omwana wa Mamdani ne Nair omu yekka, [[Zohran Mamdani]], yazaalibwa mu Kampala mu 1991. Mu 1996 famire ye yasengukira e [[:en:Cape_Town|Cape Town]], South Africa, Mamdani okutwala omulimu gw’okukulira enteekateeka y’okusoma eby'Afirika mu Yunivasite y’e Cape Town, era n’abeerayo okumala emyaka nga esatu. <ref name="lahr20022">{{cite interview|first=Mira|last=Nair|interviewer-last=Lahr|interviewer-first=John|title=Whirlwind|website=[[The New Yorker]]|date=2 December 2002|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|url-access=subscription|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141022030926/http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|archive-date=22 October 2014|url-status=live|quote=Published in the print edition of the December 9, 2002, issue.}}</ref> Nga mu mwaka gwa 1999 baagenda mu Amerika ne basenga mu New York. <ref name="lahr20023">{{cite interview|first=Mira|last=Nair|interviewer-last=Lahr|interviewer-first=John|title=Whirlwind|website=[[The New Yorker]]|date=2 December 2002|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|url-access=subscription|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141022030926/http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/12/09/the-whirlwind|archive-date=22 October 2014|url-status=live|quote=Published in the print edition of the December 9, 2002, issue.}}</ref> Zohran yafuuka munnabyabufuzi era abadde [[:en:Mayor_of_New_York_City|Meeya w'ekibuga New York]] okuva nga 1 Ogwoluberyeberye 2026, ng'abadde mmemba [[:en:New_York_State_Assembly|w'olukiiko olukulu olw'essaza ly'e New York]] okuva mu 2021 okutuuka mu 2025. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kitunzi |first=Yahudu |date=June 7, 2025 |title=Mamdani's mayoral goal puts Uganda on the map |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/mamdani-s-mayoral-goal-puts-uganda-on-the-map-5072356 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250609023734/https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/mamdani-s-mayoral-goal-puts-uganda-on-the-map-5072356 |archive-date=June 9, 2025 |access-date=June 7, 2025 |website=[[Daily Monitor|Monitor]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Muhumuza |first=Rodney |date=3 November 2025 |title=In Uganda, where Zohran Mamdani was born, NYC mayoral hopeful is recalled with pride |url=https://apnews.com/article/uganda-zohran-mamdani-mayor-election-new-york-d41260eeef2438498a3aa04118fbd2df |access-date=5 November 2025 |website=[[AP News]] |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news}}</ref> Kampeyini ze ez'obwameeya zawagirwa bazadde be. <ref name="haag20253">{{Cite web|last=Haag|first=Matthew|last2=Goldberg|first2=Emma|title=The Parents Who Helped Shape Zohran Mamdani's Politics|website=[[The New York Times]]|date=27 June 2025|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251007172221/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/nyregion/zohran-mamdani-parents-mira-nair.html|archive-date=7 October 2025|url-status=live|access-date=7 November 2025}}</ref> == Ebyawandiikibwako == === Ebitabo === * ''The Myth of Population Control: Family, Class and Caste in an Indian Village'' (1972) * ''From Citizen to Refugee: Ugandan Asians Come to Britain'' (1973)<ref>{{cite book |last1=Mamdani |first1=Mahmood |date=2011 |title=From Citizen to Refugee: Uganda Asians Come to Britain |publisher=Pambazuka Press |isbn=9781906387570 |edition=Second}}</ref> * ''Politics and Class Formation in Uganda'' (1976)<ref>{{cite book |last1=Mamdani |first1=Mahmood |date=1976 |title=Politics and Class Formation in Uganda |publisher=Monthly Review Press |isbn=9780853453789}}</ref> * ''Imperialism and Fascism in Uganda'' (1984)<ref>{{cite book |last1=Mamdan |first1=Mohamad |date=1984 |title=Imperialism and Fascism in Uganda |publisher=Africa World Press |isbn=9780865430297}}</ref> * ''Academic Freedom in Africa'' (1994) * ''[[:en:Citizen_and_Subject|Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism]]'' (1996)<ref>{{cite book |last1=Mamdani |first1=Mahmood |date=1996 |title=Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism |publisher=Princeton University Press |isbn=9780691027937}}</ref> * ''When Victims Become Killers: Colonialism, Nativism and Genocide in Rwanda'' (2001)<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=28 January 2020 |title=When Victims Become Killers |publisher=Princeton University Press |isbn=978-0-691-19383-0 |language=en |doi=10.1515/9780691193830}}</ref> * ''Understanding the Crisis in Kivu''<ref>{{Cite web |title=African Books Collective: Understanding the Crisis in Kivu |url=https://www.africanbookscollective.com/books/understanding-the-crisis-in-kivu |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=www.africanbookscollective.com}}</ref> * ''Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: America, the Cold War and the Roots of Terror'' (2004)<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2002 |title=Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: A Political Perspective on Culture and Terrorism |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/3567254 |journal=American Anthropologist |volume=104 |issue=3 |pages=766–775 |doi=10.1525/aa.2002.104.3.766 |issn=0002-7294 |jstor=3567254 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> * ''Scholars in the Marketplace. The Dilemmas of Neo-Liberal Reform at Makerere University, 1989–2005'' (2007)<ref>{{cite book |last1=Mamdani |first1=Mahmood |date=2007 |title=Scholars in the Marketplace. The Dilemmas of Neo-Liberal Reform at Makerere University, 1989-2005 |publisher=Codesria |isbn=9782869782013}}</ref> * ''[https://www.codesria.org/spip.php?article1292 Saviors and Survivors: Darfur, Politics, and the War on Terror]'' (2009)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Saviors and Survivors by Mahmood Mamdani: 9780385525961 {{!}} PenguinRandomHouse.com: Books |url=https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/106771/saviors-and-survivors-by-mahmood-mamdani/ |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=PenguinRandomhouse.com |language=en-US}}</ref> * ''Define and Rule: Native as Political Identity'' (The W.E.B. DuBois Lectures) (2012)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Define and Rule — Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.hup.harvard.edu/catalog.php?isbn=9780674050525 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=Harvard University Press |language=en}}</ref> * ''[[:en:Neither_Settler_nor_Native|Neither Settler nor Native: The Making and Unmaking of Permanent Minorities]]'' (2020) * ''Slow Poison: Idi Amin, Yoweri Museveni, and the Making of the Ugandan State'' (2025) === Emboozi ezikungaanyiziddwa === * ''Beyond Rights Talk and Culture Talk: Comparative Essays on the Politics of Rights and Culture'' (2000)<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=2000 |title=Beyond Rights Talk and Culture Talk: Comparative Essays on the Politics of Rights and Culture |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yqb7wAEACAAJ |publisher=St. Martin's Press |isbn=978-0-312-23498-0 |language=en}}</ref> === Ebitabo ebisunsuddwa === * ''Uganda Studies in Labour'' (Codesria Book Series) (1968)<ref>{{Cite web |title=African Books Collective: Uganda Studies in Labour |url=https://www.africanbookscollective.com/books/uganda-studies-in-labour |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=www.africanbookscollective.com}}</ref> === Ebirala === * ''Studies in Labor Markets'' (National Bureau of Economic Research Universities-National Bureau Conference Ser) * ''African Studies in Social Movements and Democracy'' (Actes-Sud Papiers) == Laba ne == * [[:en:Indians_in_the_New_York_City_metropolitan_area|Abayindi mu kibuga New York]] * [[:en:Ugandan_Americans|Bannayuganda Abamerika]] == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] <references /> == Ebiwandiiko ebirala by'osobola okusomako == * {{cite web |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |date=15 July 2013 |title=In Conversation with Mahmood Mamdani |url=https://www.warscapes.com/conversations/conversation-mahmood-mamdani |website=Warscapes |interviewer-last=Shringarpure |interviewer-first=Bhakti}} == Ebijuliziddwa wabweru wa wikipedia == * [https://academictree.org/math/peopleinfo.php?pid=183217 Mahmood Mamdani] at [[:en:Academic_Tree|Academic Tree]] * [https://openlibrary.org/works/OL214797A?mode=all Mahmood Mamdani] at [[:en:Open_Library|Open Library]] * [https://x.com/mm1124 X Profile] 9ccp3k6ofpupop0829oh2ickmwxvfbu A Pass 0 13123 48644 48570 2026-05-02T14:18:17Z 24RAY 11014 okukyusa 48644 wikitext text/x-wiki    '''<big>Alexander Bagonza</big>''', amanyiddwa nnyo [[:en:Stage_name|n'erinnya lye erya siteegi]] '''A Pass''' (era eyali '''APassKiller''' ),Munnayuganda, muyimbi era muwandiisi wa nnyimba. Yazaalibwa mu [[:en:Uganda|Uganda]] nga 21 omwezi Ogw'ekumi nebiri mu mwaka gwa 1989.<ref name="chano8.com">{{cite web |title=All You Need To Know About Rising Star A Pass |url=http://chano8.com/need-know-rising-star-pass/ |accessdate=26 March 2015 |work=Chano8 Digital Magazine |archive-date=2 April 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402025154/http://chano8.com/need-know-rising-star-pass/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> A Pass egamba nti erinnya lye erya siteegi liva ku Alexander erinnya lye erisooka era Pass okuva eri Picky erinya epatike Percy.<ref>{{cite web |author=satisfashionug |title=A Pass talks music fashion women and being cool |url=http://www.satisfashionug.com/a-pass-talks-music-fashion-women-and-being-cool/ |accessdate=26 March 2015 |work=SatisFashion Uganda}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Llolypop Records - Events Organisers, Promoters and Marketing |url=http://www.llolypop.com/apass.php/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402140550/http://www.llolypop.com/apass.php/ |archive-date=2 April 2015 |accessdate=26 March 2015 |publisher= |df=dmy-all}}</ref> == Obulamu bwe n’okusoma kwe == A Pass yazaalibwa nga 21 omwezi Ogw'ekumi nebiri mu mwaka gwa 1989 era ye mwana ow'okubiri mu maka g’abantu musanvu. Obuto bwe yasomera ku Kampala Kindergarten,pulayimale ye ku Nakasero Primary School, Merryland High Schools, ne St Lawrence, Cream land gyeyasomera siniya ye.<ref name="chano8.com"/><ref>{{cite web |title=Meet A Pass' dad that has supported him in the music industry |url=http://bigeye.ug/photo-meet-a-pass-dad-that-has-supported-him-in-the-music-industry/ |accessdate=26 March 2015 |work=Bigeye.ug}}</ref> == Omulimu gw’okuyimba == A Pass yatandika okuyimba ng’omuntu yenna agenda mu kkanisa owa bulijjo kyokka ekitone kye yakikulaakulanya nnyo ku ssomero. Oluvannyuma yagenda mu situdiyo mu mwaka gwa 2003 mu situdiyo ye eyasooka teyasobola oluyimba wabula yasobola okufuna ebivuga byokka. Oluvannyuma A Pass yakomawo mu situdiyo oluvannyuma lw’emyaka mitono bwe yasisinkana mukwano gwe ayitibwa Eddy eyamukubiriza okwongera okuyimba mu ngeri ey’ekikugu. A Pass yakola enkolagana ey’amaanyi mu by’okuyimba ne Dave Dash mu kiseera ekyo eyali amanyikiddwa nga A Dash era bombi baakola ennyimba ezenjawulo nga bali bombi.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Apass {{!}} West Nile xpozed |url=https://www.westnilebiz.com/artist/10/apass |access-date=2025-07-16 |website=westnilexpozed.com}}</ref> Mu mwaka gwa 2011, yasisinkana dayirekita wa vidiyo [[:en:Lukyamuzi_Bashir|Lukyamuzi Bashir]] eyalaba ekitone kye mu bugwanjuba Syde mu situdiyo jebayimbira. Bashir yatandika okumutwala mu situdiyo ez’enjawulo okwetoloola eggwanga n’okumwanjula mu bantu ab’enjawulo ab’amaanyi mu kisaawe ky’okuyimba. Mu mwaka gwa 2012, BADI yazimba situdiyo y’okukwata ennyimba e Makindye eyitibwa Badi Musik Production. BADI yagenda mu maaso n’okwata vidiyo za A Pass mu mwaka gwa 2013, ekyayongera amanyi mukutumbula ekitone kye. Mu kiseera kino A Pass eriko omukono era eddukanyizibwa kkampuni ya LLolypop Entertainment.<ref name=":0"/> A Pass akoze na bafulumya omuziki abawerako mu mutindo gwa Reggae ne Dancehall omuli Alex okuva e Jamaica (A.I.P), Black Spyda okuva e Jamaica, Nessim (Badi Musik), Baru (DustVille), Timo (Badi Musik), Just Jose (Swangz Avenue), [[:en:Benon_Mugumbya|Benon Mugumbya]], (Swangz Avenue), Nash ( [[:en:Swangz_Avenue|Swangz Avenue]] ), N'omugenzi Mac Elvis (South Syde), . Keyner (K Records), Samurae (Talent 256), Don (DustVille) n’abalala abawerako. A Pass egamba nti afuna okusikirizibwa okuva ku muziki omuli dancehall, reggae, Rnb, hip hop ne afro pop okuva mu bayimbi nga [[:en:Michael_Jackson|Michael Jackson]], [[:en:Lucky_Dube|Lucky Dube]], [[:en:UB40|UB40]] n’abalala bangi. A Pass ekoze n’abayimbi ab’enjawulo omuli, [[:en:A.Y._(musician)|A.Y. (omuyimbi)]], [[:en:Radio_&_Weasel|Goodlyfe]] okuva mu Uganda ne [[:en:Cinderella_Sanyu|Cinderella Sanyu]] n’abalala bangi.<ref>{{cite web |title=A Pass to release new video featuring AY and AirporTaxi soon |url=http://bigeye.ug/pass-release-new-video-featuring-ay-airportaxi-soon/ |accessdate=26 March 2015 |work=Bigeye.ug}}</ref> A Pass awandikidde [[:en:Bebe_Cool|Bebe Cool]] enyimba<ref>{{cite web |title=Singer A Pass Pockets Shs2M For Bebe Cool's New Hit |url=http://xclusive.co.ug/2014/12/04/singer-pass-pockets-shs2m-bebe-cools-hit/ |accessdate=26 March 2015 |work=Xclusive.co.ug |archive-date=2 April 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402130501/http://xclusive.co.ug/2014/12/04/singer-pass-pockets-shs2m-bebe-cools-hit/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> era yawandiise wamu ne Michael Ross oluyimba ‘Love I Feel’.<ref>{{cite web |title=Micheal Ross Opens Up About 'Love I Feel' - Chano8 |url=http://chano8.com/micheal-ross-opens-love-feel//\ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150404100615/http://chano8.com/micheal-ross-opens-love-feel/ |archive-date=4 April 2015 |accessdate=26 March 2015 |work=Chano8 Digital Magazine}}</ref> Gye buvuddeko yafulumya oluyimba lwa ''Wuuyo'' oluyimba olutongole olwa firimu y'ekina Uganda [[:en:Bala_Bala_Sese|Bala Bala Sese]] eyakolebwa [[:en:Usama_Mukwaya|Usama Mukwaya]].<ref>{{cite web |title=A pass' Wuuyo Soundtrack For The Bala Bala Sese Movie - Chano8 |url=http://chano8.com/a-pass-wuuyo-soundtrack-for-the-bala-bala-sese-movie/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160421164935/http://chano8.com/a-pass-wuuyo-soundtrack-for-the-bala-bala-sese-movie/ |archive-date=21 April 2016 |accessdate=26 March 2015 |work=Chano8 Digital Magazine}}</ref> A Pass amanyiddwa nnyo nga okukola ne mukwano gwe ne producer Nessim era ne producer wa vidiyo [[:en:Lukyamuzi_Bashir|Lukyamuzi Bashir]] wansi w’ekitongole ekikuba ennyimba ekya Badi Musik. === Ekivvulu kya Maiden === Ogw'oluberyeberye nga 31,mu mwaka gwa 2025, A Pass yategeka ekivvulu kye ekyasooka nga ye yekka, ''A Pass Live in Concert'', ku [[:en:Kampala_Serena_Hotel|wooteri mukibuga ekikulu Kampala Serena Hotel]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Benjie |date=2025-01-31 |title=A Pass urges fellow artists to support, not perform at concert |url=https://mbu.ug/2025/01/31/a-pass-urges-musicians-to-support-not-perform/?utm_source=chatgpt.com |access-date=2025-02-06 |website=MBU |language=en-US}}</ref> Omukolo guno gwalimu okuyimba obutereevu ennyimba ze ez’amaanyi era nga gwetabwaako bayimbi banne.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-01-18 |title=All Is Set For A Pass Live In Concert 2025 Success |url=https://kampalaedgetimes.com/all-is-set-for-a-pass-live-in-concert-2025/?utm_source=chatgpt.com |access-date=2025-02-06 |website=kampalaedgetimes.com |language=en-US}}</ref> Okuteekateeka kwatandika ku nkomerero y'omwaka 2024, n'okwegezaamu okwalimu bbandi y'okuberawo mubuntu. Ekivvulu kino kyawagirwa abawagizi b’ebitongole era kyafuna okudibwamu okulungi okuva mu balabi.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Joshua |first=Mwesigwa |date=2025-01-20 |title=A Pass Live In Concert: A Celebration of Musical Excellence on January 31, 2025 - Nymy Net |url=https://nymynet.com/a-pass-live-in-concert-a-celebration-of-musical-excellence-on-january-31-2025/ |access-date=2025-03-15 |website=Nymy Net |language=en-GB}}</ref> == Ennyimba ze == === Alubaamu z'ennyimba === * Nva Kampala (2016) Omuntu w'abantu. * [[A Pass|Omufirika Yayo]] (2018) * Bagonza (2024) Omuwandiisi w’ebitabo. * [https://music.apple.com/ug/album/a-pass/1785177179 Okuyita] (2025) === Zeyayimba yeka === Ezimu ku nnyimba za A Pass ezisinga okwettanirwa mulimu zino wammanga: {{Reflist}} === Zeyayimba nabayimbi abalala === * ''Nah normal'' ne [[:en:Radio_&_Weasel|Radio & Weasel]] * ''Am Loving'' ne Don Mc ne [[:en:Cinderella_Sanyu|Cinderella Sanyu]] * ''Flair'' yange ne Patrobas * ''Amatu Maggale'' ne Tasha Batabazi * ''AIP Cyber'' nga erina AIP * ''Twala Obudde bw'okuwummula'' ne The Mith * ''Omukozi w'obuzibu'' ne Ekky * ''Ebijjukizo'' ne [[:en:Lillian_Mbabazi|Lillian Mbabazi]] * ''GAMULULU REMIX Ft [[:en:Konshens|Konshens]]''<ref>{{Cite news|author=Staff Writer|date=April 11, 2016|title=Facts & Review Of Gamululu Remix Video By A Pass And Konshens|pages=1|work=RedPepper|url=https://redpepper.co.ug/facts-review-of-gamululu-remix-video-by-a-pass-and-konshens/64159/|access-date=April 11, 2016}}</ref> Omusajja Omulala Omulala. * Face Me ne [[:en:Azawi|Azawi]]<ref>{{Cite news|last=Josh|first=Ruby|date=October 10, 2021|title=Impressive! Azawi’s ‘African Music’ album already taking huge strides|pages=1|work=Mbu|url=https://mbu.ug/2021/10/10/impressive-azawis-african-music-album-already-taking-huge-strides/|access-date=October 10, 2021}}</ref> == Obukuubagano == Wabaddewo obutakkaanya obutaggwa wakati wa A Pass n'abayimbi abalala mu [[:en:Uganda|Uganda]] . * Obutakanya ne [[:en:Bebe_Cool|Bebe Cool]]<ref>{{cite web |author=Habre Muriisa |date=11 Aug 2017 |title=A Pass Speaks Out On Alleged Beef With Bebe Cool |url=http://chano8.com/pass-speaks-alleged-beef-bebe-cool/ |accessdate=29 March 2019 |publisher=Chano8 Digital Magazine |language=en |archive-date=13 August 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220813002810/https://chano8.com/pass-speaks-alleged-beef-bebe-cool/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Laba ne == * [[:en:List_of_Ugandan_musicians|Olukalala lw'abayimbi ba Uganda]] == Ebijuliziddwa == {{Authority control}} == Ebijuliziddwa w'abweru wa wikipedia == * [[Official website|websiteOfficial]] {{Authority control}} faiyzdnfsmh7wikt5w68z1wxq1y70ls Omuziki gwa Baganda 0 13131 48643 48510 2026-05-02T12:57:19Z InternetArchiveBot 6271 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 48643 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Omuziki gwa [[Baganda]]''' nnyimba za buwangwa obwakulaakulanyizibwa [[Yuganda|bannayuganda]] nga bulina ebintu bingi ebyawula omuziki gwa Africa ku nnono z’okuyimba mu nsi endala. Ebitundu by’ennono eno ey’ennyimba binoonyerezeddwako nnyo era ne biwandiikibwa bulungi, nga waliwo ebitabo ebisomesebwa ebiwandiika okunoonyereza kuno. N’olwekyo, obuwangwa kya mugaso eky’okulaga ennyimba z’Afirika ez’awamu. == Ebivuga == Ng'oggyeeko eddoboozi, ebivuga ebitali bimu bikozesebwa, omuli Amadinda, Akadinda [[Amadinda|xylophones]], [[:en:Ennanga_harp|Ennanga harp]], [[:en:Etongoli_lyre|Etongoli lyre]], endongo, ne Kadongo (obungi "budongo") [[:en:Ennanga_harp|lamellophone]] . Amadinda, akadinda, ennanga, ne entongoli, wamu n’ebika by’engooma ebiwerako, bikozesebwa mu nnyimba z’omu lubiri eza [[Kabaka wa Buganda|Kabaka]], kabaka wa [[Buganda]] . Ate kadongo yaakayingizibwa mu muziki gwa Baganda, nga yava ku ntandikwa y’ekyasa eky’amakumi abiri. Olw’ensonga eno, omuziki gwa budongo si kitundu ku muziki gwa kkooti ogw’ekinnansi. == Minzaani y’omuziki == Omuziki gwa Baganda gwesigamiziddwa ku [[:en:Ennanga_harp|minzaani ya pentatonic]] eringa ebanga eryenkanankana . N’olwekyo, octave (mwànjo, mu bungi myanjo) egabanyizibwamu ebitundu bitaano eby’enjawulo nga [[:en:Ennanga_harp|ssente]] 240 (2.4 semitones). Waliwo enjawulo mu buwanvu bw’ebanga wakati w’ebivuga, era eyinza n’enjawulo mu kivuga kimu (ekiyinza okutuukirizibwa) mu kiseera ky’okuyimba. Kino kitegeeza nti mu nnyonyola [[:en:Ennanga_harp|ya emic]], minzaani esobola okuyitibwa minzaani ya equipentatonic ate ku ddaala [[:en:Ennanga_harp|ly’etic]] ery’ennyonnyola, wayinza okubaawo enjawulo ez’enjawulo ez’okussa mu nkola minzaani eyo ey’endowooza. Mu buwangwa bw'Abaganda, nga bwe kiri mu buwangwa bwa Afirika bungi, ekipimo ky'omuziki tekitunuulirwa ng'ekisonga okuva ku ddoboozi "eza wansi" okutuuka ku "waggulu" wabula ekirala, okuva ku maloboozi "amatono" okutuuka ku "amanene" oba "amanene". Wadde nga kino kiri bwe kityo, ennukuta (eyatondebwawo abakugu mu by'ennyimba z'amawanga Abazungu) ekozesebwa ku muziki etegeeza eddoboozi erisinga obuziba nga "1" ate erisinga waggulu nga "5". Nga bwekiri mu buwangwa obungi obwa Afirika,mu muziki gwa Baganda mulimu okwagala amalom[[:en:Ennanga_harp|ennyimba]] "ez'amaloboozi" . Mu lamellophone ya Kadongo, empeta ez’ebyuma ziteekebwa okwetooloola lamellas okukola eddoboozi eriwuuma. Mu nnanga ya ennanga, minzaani ez’ekika kya goana ziteekebwa ku kivuga mu ngeri nti emiguwa egikankana gijja kugikwatako. Kino kiwa eddoboozi ery’okuwuuma (crackling timbre). Mu kulongoosa ebivuga (nga mw’otwalidde ne xylophones), octave etera obutatuunya ddala mu bugenderevu, ekivaamu ekigendererwa ky’okukuba [[:en:Ennanga_harp|kw’amaloboozi]] . Mu kuyimba, amaloboozi aga "coarse" gatera okukozesebwa. == Ennamba za foomu == Okutwalira awamu omuziki guba guddiŋŋana. [[Baganda music at AllMusic|Endowooza za elementary]] mu muziki zibeera za mangu nnyo. Waliwo [[Baganda music at AllMusic|ennamba za ffoomu]] ez’enjawulo, kwe kugamba, ennamba y’ennyindo (elementary pulses) mu cycle emu, mu muziki gwa Baganda. Ng'oggyeeko 24, 36 ne 48 (emirundi mingi egya 12), ezibunye mu nnyimba z'Afirika, waliwo n'emirundi gy'ennamba za ffoomu ezitali za bulijjo: ekitundu kya amadinda "Bakebezi bali e Kitende" kirina 50, ebitundu "Ab'e Bukerere balaagira emwanyi" ne "Akawologoma" birina 54 n'ekitundu "Agenda n'omulungi azaawa" erina ennamba ya ffoomu etali ya bulijjo eya 70. == Enkola enzaaliranwa == Ebisinga obungi ku muziki byesigamiziddwa ku kukuba parallel octaves. Okugeza ku amadinda, abayimbi babiri bakuba parallel octaves mu ngeri [[Baganda music at AllMusic|ekwatagana]], kwe kugamba amaloboozi agakubwa omuyimbi omu gagwa ddala wakati w’ago agakubwa abayimbi abalala. Abayimbi bombi bakuba parallel octaves, nga batambuza omukono gwabwe ogwa ddyo n’ogwa kkono mu parallel mu bbanga lya xylophone bars ttaano. Mu kutegeera, wadde omusono ogukubiddwa omu oba omusono ogukubiddwa omuyimbi omulala tegutegeerekeka, era wadde nga octaves ezikwatagana ziwulikika, tezirabika bulungi. Wabula, mu kutegeera, omuziki gulabika nga gulimu emitendera gy’eddoboozi ebiri oba esatu nga mu zo zisobola okuwulirwa [[Baganda music at AllMusic|enkola ez’obuzaale]] ez’ennyimba/ennyimba ezitali za bulijjo. Enkola enzaaliranwa mu ddaala ly’eddoboozi erya wakati zigatta okuva mu nnyimba z’eddoboozi entono eza octave eya waggulu n’ennukuta ez’amaloboozi amangi eza octave eya wansi. Okutwalira awamu, emisono egisobola okuwulirwa tegikubibwa muyimbi yenna wabula giva ku kugatta ebikolwa by’abayimbi bombi. Oluusi engeri eziwerako ezikontana ez’engeri y’okuwulira zibaawo, era endowooza eyinza okukyusakyusa wakati wazo. Abayimbi basobola okufuga kino nga bassa essira ku nnyimba ezimu. == Enkolagana wakati w’ebivuga == Waliwo enkolagana ey’oku lusegere wakati w’omuziki gwa ennanga ne entongoli, n’amadinda. Ebitundu by’ebivuga eby’enkoba bisobola okuvvuunulwa mu xylophone. Ekitundu ky’omukono ogwa ddyo kiweebwa omuyimbi omu ate ekitundu eky’omukono ogwa kkono ne kiweebwa omulala. Ennanga erina ennyiriri munaana zokka, kale octaves ezikwatagana zisobola okukubibwa mu bbanga erigere, naye emisingi gy’okuyiiya egy’awamu egikwata ku muziki gwa xylophone gye gimu mu bivuga bya chord. == Omuziki n’olulimi == [[Luganda|Oluganda]] luloimi lwa tonal. Nga bwe kiri ku buwangwa bw'ennyimba obulala bungi obw'Afirika.Olulimi luna lukwata nnyo ku muziki.Omuyimbi ateranokutandika n'egigambo .Enkulaakulana y'amaloboozi mu kiwandiiko y'esalawo ekitundu ku nnyimba ezisobokia ez'oluyimba.Olwo n'ayiiya tune etuukana n'engeri oluyimba gye lulimu .Omuziki bwe gukubibwa,enkola ezizaaliranwa ,ziyinza okulabika,era eri aboogera olulimi oluzaaliranwa ,ziyinza okuleeta enkolagana empya ez'ebiwandiiko.Bino biyinza okuba eby'ebitundu bya'makulu eby'enjawulo ddala,ne bitondekawo ekitontome eky'amaanyi.Oluusi enkolagana ebiwandiiko ngezo "eziteekebwako" omuziki zit5eekebwa mu kiwandiiko ekiyimbibwa .kyokka ziyinza okubaawo eri oyo ayogera Oluganda ne bwebuziba nga tezikoleddwa mu ngeri ya lwatu mu kiwandiiko nga zongera ku mutindo gw'obulungi ku muziki ogutuukirirwa omuntu amanyi olulimi lwokka. Amannya g’ebitontome by’ennyimba gatera okutegeeza ekiwandiiko ekiyinza okukwatagana n’omuziki. Ate era, ebigambo ebijjukira bitera okukozesebwa okukwata mu mutwe ensengeka y’ennukuta oluusi empanvu era ezitali za bulijjo mu kuzannya xylophone. === Obuwangwa n’ebyafaayo === Amadinda ye xylophone ey’ekika ekiyitibwa log xylophone. Kirimu emiti 12 egyateekebwa ku bikoola by’ebijanjaalo bibiri ebibisi. Emiggo giyingizibwa mu bikoola nga ebyawula wakati w’embaawo. Ebbaala zino mu budde obutuufu zikolebwa mu mbaawo z’omuti gwa ''Lusamba'' (Markhamia plarycalyx). Amadinda (oba madinda) ekubiddwa abayimbi basatu abayitibwa ''omunazi'', ''omwawuzi'' ne ''omukoonezi'', mu kulondako. Ekimu ku bino kituula ku ludda olumu olwa Xylophone, endala bbiri ku ludda olulala. Enteekateeka ez’enjawulo ez’okutuula zisoboka. Bulijjo omuziki gutandikira omunazi. Olwo omwawuzi n’ayingira, ng’ateeka obuwandiike bwe wakati ddala w’obw’omunazi. Ekitundu ky'omunazi kiyitibwa ''okunaga'', ekitundu kya omwawuzi kiyitibwa ''okwawula'' . Ekyokulabirako kino wammanga kiraga ebitundu by'ekitundu "Olutalo' olwe Nsinsi" (Olutalo lw'e Nsinsi), ekitundu ng'ekitundu kya okwawula kyangu nnyo. Ennamba ya ffoomu y'ekitundu kino eri 24, kwe kugamba, enzirukanya emu erina obuwanvu bwonna awamu obw'emirundi ebiri 12. Abayimbi bombi bakuba parallel octaves ku bbaala ekkumi ezisooka oba Amadinda, kale mu nnyiriri z'ennamba zino wammanga, "1" kitegeeza okukuba ebbaala esooka (esinga obuziba) nga kwogasse ey'omukaaga wamu, n'ebirala. : Okunaga '''4.3.4.3.3.3.4.3.4.4.2^2.''' : Okwawula '''5.2.1.5.2.1.5.2.1.5.2.1''' "^" kitegeeza ekifo ekitundu kya okwawula we kitandikira — ekifo kino eky'okuyingira kiyinza okuba awalala mu bitontome ebirala. Omutendera oguvaamu guli 413542313532413542412522. Omutendera guno guddibwamu, nga kiyinzika okuba emirundi mingi. Omuyimbi owookusatu, omukoonezi, addiŋŋana enkola ebeerawo ku bbaala ebbiri ezisinga wansi ( ''amatengezzi'' ) octaves bbiri waggulu ku bbaala ebbiri ezisinga waggulu ( ''amakoonezi'' ). Omukoonezi kitandikira ku "2" ya okwawula. Kale, mu mbeera eno, omuze guno, oguyitibwa ''okukoonera'' gwe: : '''2.1...2.1...2.12.22..1...''' Okukoonera kye kyandiwuliddwa ku ssowaani zino ebbiri singa amadinda yayongerwako octaves endala ezikubiddwa omunazi omulala ne omwawuzi. Kale, omuntu ayinza n'okulowooza ku omukoonezi ow'oku "simulating" ebikolwa by'abayimbi abalala babiri. Omuntu bw’aba awuliriza omuziki, asobola okutegeera okukoonera ng’omusono ogw’enjawulo, naye era guyinza okwegatta n’ennukuta ezikubiddwa ku bbaala eziriraanyewo okukola enkola endala eziwulikika. === Okwongerako endongo === === Obukodyo bw’okuzannya n’ebigambo ebikozesebwa === Amadinda okufaananako n’ebika ebirala ebya Xylophones eby’omu bugwanjuba bwa Uganda, bagikubira nga bakuba emiggo ku nkomerero n’omuggo. Ensonga y’ebbaala ekubwa wakati w’omuggo mu nkoona ya diguli nga 45. Emikono gitambuzibwa mu ngeri ya parallel. Entambula erina okuva ku mukono, era emikono girina okutambuzibwa kitono nga bwe kisoboka. Engeri entuufu ey'okuzannya amadinda eyitibwa ''Okusengejja'', mu bufunze "okusika, okusengejja, okutangaaza, okusunsula ebintu". Waliwo obukodyo obw’enjawulo obukozesebwa abazannyi abakugu bokka. * ''Okudaliza'' (literally "okutunga olugoye wamu, okutunga") ngeri ya kuzannya essiddwako nnyo essira. Amaloboozi agamu gassibwako essira, ne galeeta enkola ezimu enzaaliranwa mu maaso. Ebiseera ebisinga kikozesebwa okuleka omuziki okutuuka ku ntikko ng’ekitundu tekinnaggwa. * Ekigambo ''okusita ebiyondo oba ebisenge'' ("okusimba enkoona oba ebisenge"— ''okusita'' ekitegeeza "okuluka, okuluka (omuggo, olukomera n'ebirala)" nkola ya kuzannya ey'omulembe nga mu kino ennyimba ezimu zisuulibwa ebweru, ekivaamu enkyukakyuka ey'amangu mu nkola omuntu z'asobola okuwulira. Waliwo engeri eziwerako ez’okuzannya Amadinda ezitwalibwa ng’ensobi: * Mu ''Okubwatula'', ebipande bikubwa waggulu n’ensonga y’emiggo. Eno nsobi ya bulijjo ey’abatandisi. Mu bufunze, ekigambo kino kitegeeza obulumi obw’amaanyi naddala mu magumba. * ''Okugugumula'' (literally "okuleeta okutya", "okuzuukusa ekisibo ky'ebinyonyi") ye nsobi endala ey'abatandisi ng'emikono gikwatibwa nga gikaluba era nga gikaluba. * ''Okuyiwa'' (literally "okuteeka wansi", "okuleka wansi", "okumalamu amaanyi") ngeri ya kuzannya etali ya bulijjo nga ebbaala tezikubwa mu kiseera ekituufu. * ''Okwokya'' (mu bufunze "okwokya", "okwokya") nsobi efaananako bwetyo nga ebbaala zikubwa mu bwangu ennyo. === Enkyusa za Miko === Miko (Omuko gumu) bye bikyusakyusa ekitundu n’omutendera gumu ogw’ekipimo (waggulu oba wansi). Omuziki gwonna gukyusibwa waggulu oba wansi ebbaala emu eya xylophone: 1 kyusibwamu ne 2, 2 ne 3, 3 ne 4, 4 ne 5 ne 5 ne 1. Wadde nga wakati mu xylophone, ensengeka y’ekitundu esigala y’emu, entambula y’abayimbi ekyusibwa, era ekitundu okukoonera kiyinza okufuuka eky’enjawulo ddala. Mu butuufu, mu ngeri eno, okuva mu buli kitundu eky’omugatte gw’ebitontome 50 eby’enjawulo, ebitundu ebirala 4 bisobola okuggibwa, ne kiwa omugatte gw’ebitundu 250. === Eby’okuyimba. === Waliwo ebitundu bya Amadinda eby’enjawulo 50, nga tobala enkyusa z'emiko. Amannya gaabyo ge gano: * Banno bakkola ng'osiga * Ndyegulira ekkadde * Ekyuma ekya Bora * Abaana ba Kalemba besibye bulungi * Segomba ngoye Mwanga alimpa * Ennyana ekutudde * Olutalo olw'e Nsisi * Wavvangaya nga bwe kiri * Omunyoro atunda nandere * Omutwe tegumanyiddwa * Ssematimba ne Kikwabanga * Naagenda kasana nga bulaba * Omusango gwa'abelere * Omuwabutwa wakyeejo * Mawasansa * Alifuledi, omuyimbi * Omutamanya n'gamba * Katulye ku bye pesa * Ganga alula * Balangana enkonge * Byasi byabuna olugudo * Ab'e Busoga begaala ngabo * Nanjobe * Mugowa Iwatakiise * Gulemye Mpgala * Mawanda segwanga * Ebigambo ebibulire bitta enyumba * Walugembe eyava oKunywa * Omujooni: Balinserekerera balinsala ekyambe * Lutaaya yesse yekka * Kawumpuli * Abalung'ana be baleta engoye * Atalabanga mudnu agenda Buleega * Eri embikke kasagazi kawunga * Kalagala e Bembwe * Semakookiro ne Jjunju * Agawuluguma okulya * Akaalo kekamu * Afa talamusa * Okuzanyira ku nyanja kutunda mwooyo * Ngabo Maanya eziriwangula Mugerere * Ensiriba ya munange Katego * Atakulubere * Nkejje namuwanula * Kansimbe omuggo awali Kibuka * Omukazi omunafu ngayigga na ngabo * Bakebezi bali e Kitende ffoomu nnamba 50 (2 x 25) . * Ab'e Bukerere balaagira mwanyi ffoomu nnamba 54 (2 x 27) * Akawologoma ffoomu nnamba 54 (2 x 27) . * Agenda n'omulungi azaawa foomu nnamba 70 (2 x 35) === Abayimbi b'Amadinda abamanyiddwa ennyo === === Okunoonyereza ku muziki gwa Amadinda === === Omuziki gwa Amadinda mu by’enjigiriza eby’obuvanjuba bwa Afrika n’ebyobuwangwa ebitali bimu === == Omuziki gwa Akadinda ==   == Okugeraageranya n’obuwangwa bw’ennyimba obulala == === Busoga (Embaire music) . === Embaire ye Xylophone ekubiddwa mu busoga sub-region. <ref>Busoga sub-region</ref> <ref>{{Cite book |last=Pier, David G., 1975- author. |date=25 October 2015 |title=Ugandan music in the marketing era : the branded arena |url=http://worldcat.org/oclc/908286948 |isbn=978-1-137-54939-6 |oclc=908286948}}</ref> ''​Embaire yannyonnyolwanga Mark stone,omusomesa w'oku universite ye Oakland eriko Ambassadorial scholar mu Univasite ye Makerere mu mwaka gw'essomero 1996-1997 mu bigambo bino :Embaire ye nnono ya xylophoneesinga okubeera ey'awamu era eyamaanyi gye mmanyi ,ennon gye nina omukisa okusomesa bulijjo bayizi bange mu Oakland Univasite mu muwendo gwe bifo ebisomesebwamu'' <ref>{{Cite web |title=Mark Stone - percussionist, composer, educator {{!}} Global Soundscapes {{!}} Embaire xylophone |url=http://markstonepercussion.com/embaire_xylophone/ |website=markstonepercussion.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Mudondo - Embaire Xylophone at Oakland University |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p-h1pHDTcTw |url-status=live |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211219/p-h1pHDTcTw |archive-date=2021-12-19 |website=[[YouTube]]}}</ref> Ebisumuluzo bya Embaire bikolebwa mu mbaawo za ensambiya (Bignoniaceae: Markhamia platycalyx), <ref>{{Cite web |title=Global Plants |url=https://plants.jstor.org/compilation/Markhamia.platycalyx}}</ref> era nga bizannyibwa nga bakuba enkomerero z’ebisumuluzo n’emiggo okuva mu muti omuzito oguyitibwa enzo ( [[:en:Ennanga_harp|Rutaceae]] : Teclea nobilis <ref>{{Cite web |title=Global Plants |url=https://plants.jstor.org/compilation/Teclea.nobilis}}</ref> ). Ebisumuluzo biteekebwa ku bikoola by’ebijanjaalo ebitemeddwa, ne bikola ekivuga ekiwanvuwa mmita nga 2.5 okuva ku nkomerero okutuuka ku nkomerero. Ebisumuluzo bya bass binene ate nga bigazi naye nga bigonvu. Buli ekivuga we kikubirwa, ekinnya ekiwanvu mita nga 2 n’obuziba bwa kitundu kya mita kisooka kusimibwa mu ttaka wansi w’ekifo ebisumuluzo bya bass we binaagalamira (ebisumuluzo ekkumi wansi eby’ekivuga kya Nakibembe), okusobola okuwa eddoboozi: ekisenge kino kisibiddwa wansi ku nkomerero y’ekivuga nga omusingi gw’ekikuta ky’ebijanjaalo gupakibwa okwetooloola n’ebimu ku ttaka eryasimiddwa. Okwawukanako n’ebitundu bya Uganda ebirala, Ebibiina by’ennyimba ebiwerako ebiwuniikiriza ebirina embaire xylophones bisangibwa mu ngeri ennyangu mu disitulikiti y’e Iganga, Busoga. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Micklem |first=James |last2=Cooke |first2=Andrew |last3=Stone |first3=Mark |year=1999 |title=Xylophone Music of Uganda: The Embaire of Nakibembe, Busoga |journal=African Music |volume=7 |issue=4 |pages=29–46 |doi=10.21504/amj.v7i4.1996 |jstor=30249819 |doi-access=free}}</ref> === Parallels ebweru wa Uganda === Okufaananako n’omuziki gwa Amadinda, omuziki gwa Timbrh (timbili) ogwa lamellophone ogwa Vute ogw’omu masekkati ga Cameroon gwesigamiziddwa ku kukuba Octaves ezikwatagana, ekivaamu enkola enzaaliranwa. Okufaanagana kuno okw’amaanyi kuwa obukakafu obumu obulaga nti emisingi egyali gisibuka mu ngeri zombi ez’ennyimba giyinza okuba nga gyava mu biseera eby’edda. == Ebikwata ku bikwata == * Evalisto Muyinda ''Omuziki gwa Baganda'' (1991) <ref>{{AllMusic|album|id=mw0000113606}}</ref> == Ebijjuliziddwa == * [[:en:Ennanga_harp|Cooke, Peter]] (1970): "Omuziki gwa Ganda xylophone - enkola endala", Journal of African Music, iv/4, 1970, p 62-75 * Cooke, Peter, ne banne; Katamba, F (1987): "Ssematimba ne Kikwabanga." : Ennyimba n'ebitontome by'oluyimba lw'ebyafaayo olw'e Ganda", World of Music, xxix/2, 1987, p 49-68 * Cooke, Peter (1990, 2006): "Kuba Amadinda: Omuziki gwa Xylophone okuva mu Uganda (Instructional cassette oba CD and book), ogwakolebwa nga bakolagana ne [[Albert Ssempeke]], (okukozesebwa mu East Africa ne mu kusomesa abantu ab'obuwangwa obw'enjawulo mu Bungereza, USA n'ebirala) (Edinburgh 1990 - Revised 2006), 29pp. 31 audio examples." * Cooke, Peter Teach yourself the Budongo (1988, 2006), (akatabo ak’emiko 12 ne kaseti oba CD), ne C. Kizza, (ekoleddwa okukozesebwa mu Uganda ne mu kusomesa abantu ab’obuwangwa obw’enjawulo mu Bungereza, Amerika n’ebirala), (Edinburgh,1988), 12pp. Yalongoosebwamu mu 2006 * [[:en:Ennanga_harp|Kubik, Gerhard]] (1960) "Ensengeka y'omuziki gwa Kiganda xylophone" mu Muziki gwa Afirika, 2 (3), pp.&nbsp;6–30. * Kubik, Gerhard (1969) "Obukodyo bw'okuyiiya mu muziki gwa Kiganda xylophone" mu Muziki gwa Afirika, 4 (3), pp.&nbsp;22–72. * Kubik, Gerhard "Fa Amadinda-Musik von Buganda", mu: Omuziki mu Afrika. Hrsg. Arthur Simon, (Staatliche Museen) Berlin, 1983, S. 139-165 (erimu obubonero bw’omuwendo bw’ebitundu byonna 50 eby’ennyimba za amadinda) * Kubik, Gerhard "Okutegeera Grundlagen afrikanischer Omuziki", mu: Omuziki mu Afrika. Hrsg. Arthur Simon, (Staatliche Museen) Berlin, 1983, S. 327-400 * Kubik, Gerhard "Ekiwujjo ky'Ensimbi mu Süden von Uganda" (1988). Mu: Kubik, Gerhard [https://web.archive.org/web/20190822074542/http://www.lit-verlag.de/isbn/3-8258-7800-7 Zum Verstehen Omuyimbi Omufirika, Aufsätze, Reihe: Ebika by’amawanga: Forschung und Wissenschaft, Bd.] [https://web.archive.org/web/20190822074542/http://www.lit-verlag.de/isbn/3-8258-7800-7 7, 2., aktualisierte und ergänzte Auflage, 2004, 448 S.] Archived (mu lulimi Olugirimaani). * Kubik, Gerhard "Endowooza, Aufführungspraxis und Kompositionstechniken der Hofmusik von Buganda. Ein Leitfaden zur Ekibiina ky'Ebibiina mu Einer ostafrikanischen Musikkultur", mu: Für György Ligeti, Hamburg 1988, S. 23-162 * Simon, Artur (Ed.), "Musik in Afrika", (Staatliche Museen) Berlin 1983 (mu lulimi Olugirimaani, erimu kaseti bbiri ez'omuziki omuli n'ebyokulabirako ebimu eby'amadinda ne ennanga ebikubiddwa [[:en:Ennanga_harp|Evalisto Muyinda )]] == Ebiyungo eby’ebweru == [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] oegpu61fz9k18dlnkolini2onswaxf8 Mun G 0 13148 48646 2026-05-02T15:01:46Z Bonny256 11075 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1350821505|Mun G]]" 48646 wikitext text/x-wiki '''<big>Mun G</big>'''<big>, Mun Genius</big> yazaalibwa Mungi Emmanuel Matovu (25 Ogwekkumineebiri omwaka gwa1985) [[:en:Uganda|Munnayuganda]], [[:en:Rapping|muyimbi wa Rap]] era [[:en:Songwriter|omuwandiisi wa nnyimba]] amanyiddwa olw'okuyimba mu Lugaflow ne hip-hop muziki mu [[Yuganda|Uganda]] .<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2025-05-30 |title=Mystery fridge stunt and Mun G collab to launch "Say My Name" campaign |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/lifestyle/entertainment/mystery-fridge-stunt-and-mun-g-collab-to-launch-say-my-name-campaign-5047288 |access-date=2026-04-23 |website=Monitor |language=en}}</ref> Yasituka n’ettutumu ku ntandikwa y’emyaka gya 2010 era yali akwatagana n’ekibiina kya Baboon Forest Entertainment collective ekyatandikibwawo [[:en:GNL_Zamba|GNL Zamba]] nga tannatandikawo kkampuni ye ey’omuziki eyitibwa Kunta Kinte.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=ATILUK |first=NATHAN |date=2024-12-21 |title=Azawi, Mun G steal show at Zoe grounds |url=https://observer.ug/lifestyle-entertainment/azawi-mun-g-steal-show-at-zoe-grounds/ |access-date=2026-04-23 |website=The Observer |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Ruby |first=Josh |date=2020-05-10 |title=Mun G ready to celebrate 10 years with a concert before end of 2020 |url=https://mbu.ug/2020/05/10/mun-g-ready-to-celebrate-10-years-with-a-concert-before-end-of-2020/ |access-date=2026-04-23 |website=MBU |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Reporter |first=NewVision |date=2022-05-20 |title=Ent. & Lifestyle: Music Review: Kiggwanga – Mun*G |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/category/entertainment/music-review-kiggwanga-mung-NV_134414_042026 |access-date=2026-04-23 |website=New Vision}}</ref> == Obuto bwe n’okusoma kwe == Mun G yazaalibwa nga 25 Ogwekkumineebiri omwaka gwa 1985 mu kabuga k’e Gayaza mu Disitulikiti y’e Masaka.<ref name=":1" /> Yamaliriza siniya ye mu [[:en:Masaka_Secondary_School|Masaka Secondary School]] nga tannayingira [[:en:Makerere_University|Yunivasite ye Makerere]] gye yava n'afuna diguli ye eya Bachelor's Diguli mu Computer Science.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mun G Biography, Wiki, Profile, Life Story |url=https://www.howwe.ug/MunG/biography |access-date=2026-04-23 |website=www.howwe.ug |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-08-27 |title=Mun G says he wouldn't have built a house if it wasn't for girlfriend |url=https://www.pulse.ug/story/mun-g-says-he-wouldnt-have-built-a-house-if-it-wasnt-for-girlfriend-2024073110450708819 |access-date=2026-04-23 |website=Pulse Uganda |language=en}}</ref> == Omulimu gw’okuyimba == Mun G yatandika omulimu gwe ogw'okuyimba mu ngeri ey'ekikugu nga mu mwaka gwa 2010, n'afuna ettutumu n'oluyimba lwe olwasooka ''"Ebintu,"'' olwafuuka oluyimba era ne lumuyingiza mu balabi ba Uganda aba hip-hop.<ref name=":1" /> Oluvannyuma yeegatta ku Baboon Forest Entertainment, ekibiina kya hip-hop ekyakulemberwa [[:en:GNL_Zamba|GNL Zamba]], gye yafunira okusiimibwa okunene.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=2024-01-12 |title=I no longer look for hit songs - Mun G |url=https://www.howwe.ug/news/music/37384/i-no-longer-look-for-hit-songs-mun-g |access-date=2026-04-23 |website=www.howwe.ug |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Reporter |first=NewVision |date=2023-10-25 |title=Ent. & Lifestyle: Mun*G claims only Mowzey Radio could battle him musically |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/category/entertainment/mung-claims-only-mowzey-radio-could-battle-hi-NV_173484_042026 |access-date=2026-04-23 |website=New Vision}}</ref> Okumenyawo kwe kwava ku luyimba "Kakunganye," lwe yayimba nga lwawandikibwa omugenzi [[:en:Mowzey_Radio|Mowzey Radio]] ne Weasel.<ref name=":2" /> Oluvannyuma lw’okuva mu Baboon Forest lw’endagaano ye okuggwaako, Mun G yatandikawo kkampuni ye eya Kunta Kinte, ekyalaga enkyukakyuka n’adda mu mulimu ogw’okwetongola.<ref>{{Cite web |last=bigeyeadmin5 |date=2025-08-03 |title=Mun G Clears the Air: Says He Was Never Fired from Baboon Forest |url=https://bigeye.ug/mun-g-clears-the-air-says-he-was-never-fired-from-baboon-forest/ |access-date=2026-04-23 |website=BigEye.UG |language=en-US}}</ref> Oluvanyuma lwe myaka, afulumizza ennyimba nnyingi era n’azimba enkalala z’ennyimba ezisoba mwassatu"30" ezikutteyo.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Benjie |date=2025-08-12 |title=Mun G boasts unmatched stage presence and music catalog |url=https://mbu.ug/2025/08/12/mun-g-declares-superiority/ |access-date=2026-04-23 |website=MBU |language=en-US}}</ref> == Ennyimba ze == zino zezimu ku nnyimba ze:<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mun G New and Old Songs : Listen and Download |url=https://www.howwe.ug/mung/music |access-date=2026-04-23 |website=www.howwe.ug |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Mun G New and Old Songs Mp3 Download, Mun G Music Videos - DJ Erycom |url=https://www.djerycom.ug/allsongs?id=137&a=mun-g |access-date=2026-04-23 |website=www.djerycom.ug}}</ref> === Zeyayimba yeka === {{Columns-list|* Igwe (Weyayu) * Bintwala * Fati * Big Bumpa * The Whistle Song * Kyaba Too Much * Oh My Goodness * Nguwulira * Njagala Banjagala * Kisaati Masavu * Kisaati Masavu Remix * Shake Tables * Wepanke * Pombe * Kiggwanga * Nabbanja * Uganda Enyumira * Uganda * Entanglement * Ontwala Speed * Harvest You * Oli Wamanyi * Sente Egonza * Nyama * Kiri Kampala * One More Day * Aleese Work * Silya Mukene * Sala Puleesa * Byayanga * Nkwepikira * Kiki Ekigaanye * Jira Tugire * Kyiri Obvious * Speaking in Tongues * Dear Pops * With You * Good Vibes * Billion Views * Kayaye * Bridget * Team Mukiibi * Sente Zange * Akatuli * Zzina * Top G * Money Is Coming * Holiday * Legend|colwidth=10em}} === Zeyayimba nabayimbi abalala === {{Columns-list|* Kakunganye (feat. Mowzey Radio & Weasel) * Sejjusa (feat. Naava Grey) * Legends (feat. Jose Chameleone) * Born a fighter (feat. Jose Chameleone) * Mumaanyi (feat. Crim Soft) * Engonga Dance (feat. Vampino) * Mzuri (feat. Jose Chameleone) * All To Me (feat. Joshua Baraka) * Nayomi (feat. Joshua Baraka) * Crazy (Mutwe) (feat. Daddy Andre) * Blesssed (feat. TIK & Twazzitah) * Okoze Otya (feat. Vian Music) * Sikyaswala (feat. Ziki J) * Omugaati (feat. Joseph Sax) * Bomboclat (feat. Ykee Benda) * Guma Bakunyige (feat. Recho Rey) * Follow My Rules (feat. Nutty Neithan) * Kikambwe (feat. GNL Zamba) * Bafulume (feat. Ziki J) * Kampala Takoma (feat. Crysto Panda) * Locomotive (The whistle song) - Davis Ntare, Radio ,Weasel, Cindy, Rabadaba,GNL Zamba, Mr X, Vboyo|colwidth=10em}} == Laba ne == * [[:en:GNL_Zamba|GNL Zamba]] * [[:en:Navio_(rapper)|Navio]] * [[:en:Ykee_Benda|Ykee Benda]] * [[:en:Joshua_Baraka|joshua Baraka]] * [[:en:Music_of_Uganda|Omuziki gw'e Uganda]] == Engule n’okusunsulwa == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Ekirabo ! Omwaka ! Olubu ! Omulimu/Oluyimba ! Alizaati |- | Engule za Buzz Teeniez | 2014 | Omuyimbi Omusajja mu Teeniez | |Omuwanguzi |- | Engule za Buzz Teeniez | 2015 | Omuyimbi Omusajja mu Teeniez | |Omuwanguzi |- | Engule za Buzz Teeniez | 2015 | Asinga mu Riddim | ''Goberera Amateeka Gange'' |Omuwanguzi |- | Engule za Buzz Teeniez | 2015 | Collabo asinga okucamula | ''Goberera Amateeka Gange'' (feat. Nutty Neithan) |Omuwanguzi |- | Engule z'ennyimba za HiPipo | 2017 | Oluyimba lwa Hip Hop olusinga obulungi | ''Sala Puleesa'' |Omuwanguzi |- | Engule za MTN eza Hip Hop | 2018 | Omuyimbi Omusajja Rapper Asinga mu mwaka | |Alondedwa |- | Engule za MTN eza Hip Hop | 2019 | Alubaamu y'omwaka | ''Omungi Atibwa'' |Omuwangu |- | Engule za Zzina | 2019 | Omuyimbi Asinga mu Lugaflow/Rap | |Alondedwa |- | Engule za MTN eza Hip Hop | 2019 | Omuyimbi Omusajja Rapper Asinga mu mwaka | |Alondedwa |- | Engule za MTN eza Hip Hop | 2020 | Oluyimba lw'omwaka | ''Kampala Takoma'' |Alondedwa |- | Engule za Buzz Teeniez | 2020 | Oluyimba lwa Hip Hop olusinga | ''Bintwala'' |Omuwanguzi |- |} == Ebijuliziddwa == <references /> f14667yd7nielgmgqnflpu3y5hy4125 48647 48646 2026-05-02T15:08:12Z Bonny256 11075 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1350821505|Mun G]]" 48647 wikitext text/x-wiki '''<big>Mun G</big>'''<big>, Mun Genius</big> yazaalibwa Mungi Emmanuel Matovu (25 Ogwekkumineebiri omwaka gwa1985) [[:en:Uganda|Munnayuganda]], [[:en:Rapping|muyimbi wa Rap]] era [[:en:Songwriter|omuwandiisi wa nnyimba]] amanyiddwa olw'okuyimba mu Lugaflow ne hip-hop muziki mu [[Yuganda|Uganda]] .<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2025-05-30 |title=Mystery fridge stunt and Mun G collab to launch "Say My Name" campaign |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/lifestyle/entertainment/mystery-fridge-stunt-and-mun-g-collab-to-launch-say-my-name-campaign-5047288 |access-date=2026-04-23 |website=Monitor |language=en}}</ref> Yasituka n’ettutumu ku ntandikwa y’emyaka gya 2010 era yali akwatagana n’ekibiina kya Baboon Forest Entertainment collective ekyatandikibwawo [[:en:GNL_Zamba|GNL Zamba]] nga tannatandikawo kkampuni ye ey’omuziki eyitibwa Kunta Kinte.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=ATILUK |first=NATHAN |date=2024-12-21 |title=Azawi, Mun G steal show at Zoe grounds |url=https://observer.ug/lifestyle-entertainment/azawi-mun-g-steal-show-at-zoe-grounds/ |access-date=2026-04-23 |website=The Observer |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Ruby |first=Josh |date=2020-05-10 |title=Mun G ready to celebrate 10 years with a concert before end of 2020 |url=https://mbu.ug/2020/05/10/mun-g-ready-to-celebrate-10-years-with-a-concert-before-end-of-2020/ |access-date=2026-04-23 |website=MBU |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Reporter |first=NewVision |date=2022-05-20 |title=Ent. & Lifestyle: Music Review: Kiggwanga – Mun*G |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/category/entertainment/music-review-kiggwanga-mung-NV_134414_042026 |access-date=2026-04-23 |website=New Vision}}</ref> == Obuto bwe n’okusoma kwe == Mun G yazaalibwa nga 25 Ogwekkumineebiri omwaka gwa 1985 mu kabuga k’e Gayaza mu Disitulikiti y’e Masaka.<ref name=":1" /> Yamaliriza siniya ye mu [[:en:Masaka_Secondary_School|Masaka Secondary School]] nga tannayingira [[:en:Makerere_University|Yunivasite ye Makerere]] gye yava n'afuna diguli ye eya Bachelor's Diguli mu Computer Science.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mun G Biography, Wiki, Profile, Life Story |url=https://www.howwe.ug/MunG/biography |access-date=2026-04-23 |website=www.howwe.ug |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-08-27 |title=Mun G says he wouldn't have built a house if it wasn't for girlfriend |url=https://www.pulse.ug/story/mun-g-says-he-wouldnt-have-built-a-house-if-it-wasnt-for-girlfriend-2024073110450708819 |access-date=2026-04-23 |website=Pulse Uganda |language=en}}</ref> == Omulimu gw’okuyimba == Mun G yatandika omulimu gwe ogw'okuyimba mu ngeri ey'ekikugu nga mu mwaka gwa 2010, n'afuna ettutumu n'oluyimba lwe olwasooka ''"Ebintu,"'' olwafuuka oluyimba era ne lumuyingiza mu balabi ba Uganda aba hip-hop.<ref name=":1" /> Oluvannyuma yeegatta ku Baboon Forest Entertainment, ekibiina kya hip-hop ekyakulemberwa [[:en:GNL_Zamba|GNL Zamba]], gye yafunira okusiimibwa okunene.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=2024-01-12 |title=I no longer look for hit songs - Mun G |url=https://www.howwe.ug/news/music/37384/i-no-longer-look-for-hit-songs-mun-g |access-date=2026-04-23 |website=www.howwe.ug |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Reporter |first=NewVision |date=2023-10-25 |title=Ent. & Lifestyle: Mun*G claims only Mowzey Radio could battle him musically |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/category/entertainment/mung-claims-only-mowzey-radio-could-battle-hi-NV_173484_042026 |access-date=2026-04-23 |website=New Vision}}</ref> Okumenyawo kwe kwava ku luyimba "Kakunganye," lwe yayimba nga lwawandikibwa omugenzi [[:en:Mowzey_Radio|Mowzey Radio]] ne Weasel.<ref name=":2" /> Oluvannyuma lw’okuva mu Baboon Forest lw’endagaano ye okuggwaako, Mun G yatandikawo kkampuni ye eya Kunta Kinte, ekyalaga enkyukakyuka n’adda mu mulimu ogw’okwetongola.<ref>{{Cite web |last=bigeyeadmin5 |date=2025-08-03 |title=Mun G Clears the Air: Says He Was Never Fired from Baboon Forest |url=https://bigeye.ug/mun-g-clears-the-air-says-he-was-never-fired-from-baboon-forest/ |access-date=2026-04-23 |website=BigEye.UG |language=en-US}}</ref> Oluvanyuma lwe myaka, afulumizza ennyimba nnyingi era n’azimba enkalala z’ennyimba ezisoba mwassatu"30" ezikutteyo.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Benjie |date=2025-08-12 |title=Mun G boasts unmatched stage presence and music catalog |url=https://mbu.ug/2025/08/12/mun-g-declares-superiority/ |access-date=2026-04-23 |website=MBU |language=en-US}}</ref> == Ennyimba ze == zino zezimu ku nnyimba ze:<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mun G New and Old Songs : Listen and Download |url=https://www.howwe.ug/mung/music |access-date=2026-04-23 |website=www.howwe.ug |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Mun G New and Old Songs Mp3 Download, Mun G Music Videos - DJ Erycom |url=https://www.djerycom.ug/allsongs?id=137&a=mun-g |access-date=2026-04-23 |website=www.djerycom.ug}}</ref> === Zeyayimba yeka === {{Columns-list|* Igwe (Weyayu) * Bintwala * Fati * Big Bumpa * The Whistle Song * Kyaba Too Much * Oh My Goodness * Nguwulira * Njagala Banjagala * Kisaati Masavu * Kisaati Masavu Remix * Shake Tables * Wepanke * Pombe * Kiggwanga * Nabbanja * Uganda Enyumira * Uganda * Entanglement * Ontwala Speed * Harvest You * Oli Wamanyi * Sente Egonza * Nyama * Kiri Kampala * One More Day * Aleese Work * Silya Mukene * Sala Puleesa * Byayanga * Nkwepikira * Kiki Ekigaanye * Jira Tugire * Kyiri Obvious * Speaking in Tongues * Dear Pops * With You * Good Vibes * Billion Views * Kayaye * Bridget * Team Mukiibi * Sente Zange * Akatuli * Zzina * Top G * Money Is Coming * Holiday * Legend|colwidth=10em}}{{Columns-list|* Igwe (Weyayu) * Bintwala * Fati * Big Bumpa * The Whistle Song * Kyaba Too Much * Oh My Goodness * Nguwulira * Njagala Banjagala * Kisaati Masavu * Kisaati Masavu Remix * Shake Tables * Wepanke * Pombe * Kiggwanga * Nabbanja * Uganda Enyumira * Uganda * Entanglement * Ontwala Speed * Harvest You * Oli Wamanyi * Sente Egonza * Nyama * Kiri Kampala * One More Day * Aleese Work * Silya Mukene * Sala Puleesa * Byayanga * Nkwepikira * Kiki Ekigaanye * Jira Tugire * Kyiri Obvious * Speaking in Tongues * Dear Pops * With You * Good Vibes * Billion Views * Kayaye * Bridget * Team Mukiibi * Sente Zange * Akatuli * Zzina * Top G * Money Is Coming * Holiday * Legend|colwidth=10em}} === Zeyayimba nabayimbi abalala === {{Columns-list|* Kakunganye (feat. Mowzey Radio & Weasel) * Sejjusa (feat. Naava Grey) * Legends (feat. Jose Chameleone) * Born a fighter (feat. Jose Chameleone) * Mumaanyi (feat. Crim Soft) * Engonga Dance (feat. Vampino) * Mzuri (feat. Jose Chameleone) * All To Me (feat. Joshua Baraka) * Nayomi (feat. Joshua Baraka) * Crazy (Mutwe) (feat. Daddy Andre) * Blesssed (feat. TIK & Twazzitah) * Okoze Otya (feat. Vian Music) * Sikyaswala (feat. Ziki J) * Omugaati (feat. Joseph Sax) * Bomboclat (feat. Ykee Benda) * Guma Bakunyige (feat. Recho Rey) * Follow My Rules (feat. Nutty Neithan) * Kikambwe (feat. GNL Zamba) * Bafulume (feat. Ziki J) * Kampala Takoma (feat. Crysto Panda) * Locomotive (The whistle song) - Davis Ntare, Radio ,Weasel, Cindy, Rabadaba,GNL Zamba, Mr X, Vboyo|colwidth=10em}} == Laba ne == * [[:en:GNL_Zamba|GNL Zamba]] * [[:en:Navio_(rapper)|Navio]] * [[:en:Ykee_Benda|Ykee Benda]] * [[:en:Joshua_Baraka|joshua Baraka]] * [[:en:Music_of_Uganda|Omuziki gw'e Uganda]] == Engule n’okusunsulwa == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Ekirabo ! Omwaka ! Olubu ! Omulimu/Oluyimba ! Alizaati |- | Engule za Buzz Teeniez | 2014 | Omuyimbi Omusajja mu Teeniez | |Omuwanguzi |- | Engule za Buzz Teeniez | 2015 | Omuyimbi Omusajja mu Teeniez | |Omuwanguzi |- | Engule za Buzz Teeniez | 2015 | Asinga mu Riddim | ''Goberera Amateeka Gange'' |Omuwanguzi |- | Engule za Buzz Teeniez | 2015 | Collabo asinga okucamula | ''Goberera Amateeka Gange'' (feat. Nutty Neithan) |Omuwanguzi |- | Engule z'ennyimba za HiPipo | 2017 | Oluyimba lwa Hip Hop olusinga obulungi | ''Sala Puleesa'' |Omuwanguzi |- | Engule za MTN eza Hip Hop | 2018 | Omuyimbi Omusajja Rapper Asinga mu mwaka | |Alondedwa |- | Engule za MTN eza Hip Hop | 2019 | Alubaamu y'omwaka | ''Omungi Atibwa'' |Omuwangu |- | Engule za Zzina | 2019 | Omuyimbi Asinga mu Lugaflow/Rap | |Alondedwa |- | Engule za MTN eza Hip Hop | 2019 | Omuyimbi Omusajja Rapper Asinga mu mwaka | |Alondedwa |- | Engule za MTN eza Hip Hop | 2020 | Oluyimba lw'omwaka | ''Kampala Takoma'' |Alondedwa |- | Engule za Buzz Teeniez | 2020 | Oluyimba lwa Hip Hop olusinga | ''Bintwala'' |Omuwanguzi |- |} == Ebijuliziddwa == <references /> 67z22addu8jce906fv46c6zsuf185xh 48648 48647 2026-05-02T15:09:55Z Bonny256 11075 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1350821505|Mun G]]" 48648 wikitext text/x-wiki '''<big>Mun G</big>'''<big>, Mun Genius</big> yazaalibwa Mungi Emmanuel Matovu (25 Ogwekkumineebiri omwaka gwa1985) [[:en:Uganda|Munnayuganda]], [[:en:Rapping|muyimbi wa Rap]] era [[:en:Songwriter|omuwandiisi wa nnyimba]] amanyiddwa olw'okuyimba mu Lugaflow ne hip-hop muziki mu [[Yuganda|Uganda]] .<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2025-05-30 |title=Mystery fridge stunt and Mun G collab to launch "Say My Name" campaign |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/lifestyle/entertainment/mystery-fridge-stunt-and-mun-g-collab-to-launch-say-my-name-campaign-5047288 |access-date=2026-04-23 |website=Monitor |language=en}}</ref> Yasituka n’ettutumu ku ntandikwa y’emyaka gya 2010 era yali akwatagana n’ekibiina kya Baboon Forest Entertainment collective ekyatandikibwawo [[:en:GNL_Zamba|GNL Zamba]] nga tannatandikawo kkampuni ye ey’omuziki eyitibwa Kunta Kinte.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=ATILUK |first=NATHAN |date=2024-12-21 |title=Azawi, Mun G steal show at Zoe grounds |url=https://observer.ug/lifestyle-entertainment/azawi-mun-g-steal-show-at-zoe-grounds/ |access-date=2026-04-23 |website=The Observer |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Ruby |first=Josh |date=2020-05-10 |title=Mun G ready to celebrate 10 years with a concert before end of 2020 |url=https://mbu.ug/2020/05/10/mun-g-ready-to-celebrate-10-years-with-a-concert-before-end-of-2020/ |access-date=2026-04-23 |website=MBU |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Reporter |first=NewVision |date=2022-05-20 |title=Ent. & Lifestyle: Music Review: Kiggwanga – Mun*G |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/category/entertainment/music-review-kiggwanga-mung-NV_134414_042026 |access-date=2026-04-23 |website=New Vision}}</ref> == Obuto bwe n’okusoma kwe == Mun G yazaalibwa nga 25 Ogwekkumineebiri omwaka gwa 1985 mu kabuga k’e Gayaza mu Disitulikiti y’e Masaka.<ref name=":1" /> Yamaliriza siniya ye mu [[:en:Masaka_Secondary_School|Masaka Secondary School]] nga tannayingira [[:en:Makerere_University|Yunivasite ye Makerere]] gye yava n'afuna diguli ye eya Bachelor's Diguli mu Computer Science.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mun G Biography, Wiki, Profile, Life Story |url=https://www.howwe.ug/MunG/biography |access-date=2026-04-23 |website=www.howwe.ug |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-08-27 |title=Mun G says he wouldn't have built a house if it wasn't for girlfriend |url=https://www.pulse.ug/story/mun-g-says-he-wouldnt-have-built-a-house-if-it-wasnt-for-girlfriend-2024073110450708819 |access-date=2026-04-23 |website=Pulse Uganda |language=en}}</ref> == Omulimu gw’okuyimba == Mun G yatandika omulimu gwe ogw'okuyimba mu ngeri ey'ekikugu nga mu mwaka gwa 2010, n'afuna ettutumu n'oluyimba lwe olwasooka ''"Ebintu,"'' olwafuuka oluyimba era ne lumuyingiza mu balabi ba Uganda aba hip-hop.<ref name=":1" /> Oluvannyuma yeegatta ku Baboon Forest Entertainment, ekibiina kya hip-hop ekyakulemberwa [[:en:GNL_Zamba|GNL Zamba]], gye yafunira okusiimibwa okunene.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=2024-01-12 |title=I no longer look for hit songs - Mun G |url=https://www.howwe.ug/news/music/37384/i-no-longer-look-for-hit-songs-mun-g |access-date=2026-04-23 |website=www.howwe.ug |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Reporter |first=NewVision |date=2023-10-25 |title=Ent. & Lifestyle: Mun*G claims only Mowzey Radio could battle him musically |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/category/entertainment/mung-claims-only-mowzey-radio-could-battle-hi-NV_173484_042026 |access-date=2026-04-23 |website=New Vision}}</ref> Okumenyawo kwe kwava ku luyimba "Kakunganye," lwe yayimba nga lwawandikibwa omugenzi [[:en:Mowzey_Radio|Mowzey Radio]] ne Weasel.<ref name=":2" /> Oluvannyuma lw’okuva mu Baboon Forest lw’endagaano ye okuggwaako, Mun G yatandikawo kkampuni ye eya Kunta Kinte, ekyalaga enkyukakyuka n’adda mu mulimu ogw’okwetongola.<ref>{{Cite web |last=bigeyeadmin5 |date=2025-08-03 |title=Mun G Clears the Air: Says He Was Never Fired from Baboon Forest |url=https://bigeye.ug/mun-g-clears-the-air-says-he-was-never-fired-from-baboon-forest/ |access-date=2026-04-23 |website=BigEye.UG |language=en-US}}</ref> Oluvanyuma lwe myaka, afulumizza ennyimba nnyingi era n’azimba enkalala z’ennyimba ezisoba mwassatu"30" ezikutteyo.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Benjie |date=2025-08-12 |title=Mun G boasts unmatched stage presence and music catalog |url=https://mbu.ug/2025/08/12/mun-g-declares-superiority/ |access-date=2026-04-23 |website=MBU |language=en-US}}</ref> == Ennyimba ze == zino zezimu ku nnyimba ze:<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mun G New and Old Songs : Listen and Download |url=https://www.howwe.ug/mung/music |access-date=2026-04-23 |website=www.howwe.ug |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Mun G New and Old Songs Mp3 Download, Mun G Music Videos - DJ Erycom |url=https://www.djerycom.ug/allsongs?id=137&a=mun-g |access-date=2026-04-23 |website=www.djerycom.ug}}</ref> === Zeyayimba yeka === {{Columns-list|* Igwe (Weyayu) * Bintwala * Fati * Big Bumpa * The Whistle Song * Kyaba Too Much * Oh My Goodness * Nguwulira * Njagala Banjagala * Kisaati Masavu * Kisaati Masavu Remix * Shake Tables * Wepanke * Pombe * Kiggwanga * Nabbanja * Uganda Enyumira * Uganda * Entanglement * Ontwala Speed * Harvest You * Oli Wamanyi * Sente Egonza * Nyama * Kiri Kampala * One More Day * Aleese Work * Silya Mukene * Sala Puleesa * Byayanga * Nkwepikira * Kiki Ekigaanye * Jira Tugire * Kyiri Obvious * Speaking in Tongues * Dear Pops * With You * Good Vibes * Billion Views * Kayaye * Bridget * Team Mukiibi * Sente Zange * Akatuli * Zzina * Top G * Money Is Coming * Holiday * Legend|colwidth=10em}}{{Columns-list|* Igwe (Weyayu) * Bintwala * Fati * Big Bumpa * The Whistle Song * Kyaba Too Much * Oh My Goodness * Nguwulira * Njagala Banjagala * Kisaati Masavu * Kisaati Masavu Remix * Shake Tables * Wepanke * Pombe * Kiggwanga * Nabbanja * Uganda Enyumira * Uganda * Entanglement * Ontwala Speed * Harvest You * Oli Wamanyi * Sente Egonza * Nyama * Kiri Kampala * One More Day * Aleese Work * Silya Mukene * Sala Puleesa * Byayanga * Nkwepikira * Kiki Ekigaanye * Jira Tugire * Kyiri Obvious * Speaking in Tongues * Dear Pops * With You * Good Vibes * Billion Views * Kayaye * Bridget * Team Mukiibi * Sente Zange * Akatuli * Zzina * Top G * Money Is Coming * Holiday * Legend|colwidth=10em}} === Zeyayimba nabayimbi abalala === {{Columns-list|* Kakunganye (feat. Mowzey Radio & Weasel) * Sejjusa (feat. Naava Grey) * Legends (feat. Jose Chameleone) * Born a fighter (feat. Jose Chameleone) * Mumaanyi (feat. Crim Soft) * Engonga Dance (feat. Vampino) * Mzuri (feat. Jose Chameleone) * All To Me (feat. Joshua Baraka) * Nayomi (feat. Joshua Baraka) * Crazy (Mutwe) (feat. Daddy Andre) * Blesssed (feat. TIK & Twazzitah) * Okoze Otya (feat. Vian Music) * Sikyaswala (feat. Ziki J) * Omugaati (feat. Joseph Sax) * Bomboclat (feat. Ykee Benda) * Guma Bakunyige (feat. Recho Rey) * Follow My Rules (feat. Nutty Neithan) * Kikambwe (feat. GNL Zamba) * Bafulume (feat. Ziki J) * Kampala Takoma (feat. Crysto Panda) * Locomotive (The whistle song) - Davis Ntare, Radio ,Weasel, Cindy, Rabadaba,GNL Zamba, Mr X, Vboyo|colwidth=10em}} == Laba ne == * [[:en:GNL_Zamba|GNL Zamba]] * [[:en:Navio_(rapper)|Navio]] * [[:en:Ykee_Benda|Ykee Benda]] * [[:en:Joshua_Baraka|joshua Baraka]] * [[:en:Music_of_Uganda|Omuziki gw'e Uganda]] == Engule n’okusunsulwa == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Ekirabo ! Omwaka ! Olubu ! Omulimu/Oluyimba ! Alizaati |- | Engule za Buzz Teeniez | 2014 | Omuyimbi Omusajja mu Teeniez | |Omuwanguzi |- | Engule za Buzz Teeniez | 2015 | Omuyimbi Omusajja mu Teeniez | |Omuwanguzi |- | Engule za Buzz Teeniez | 2015 | Asinga mu Riddim | ''Goberera Amateeka Gange'' |Omuwanguzi |- | Engule za Buzz Teeniez | 2015 | Collabo asinga okucamula | ''Goberera Amateeka Gange'' (feat. Nutty Neithan) |Omuwanguzi |- | Engule z'ennyimba za HiPipo | 2017 | Oluyimba lwa Hip Hop olusinga obulungi | ''Sala Puleesa'' |Omuwanguzi |- | Engule za MTN eza Hip Hop | 2018 | Omuyimbi Omusajja Rapper Asinga mu mwaka | |Alondedwa |- | Engule za MTN eza Hip Hop | 2019 | Alubaamu y'omwaka | ''Omungi Atibwa'' |Omuwangu |- | Engule za Zzina | 2019 | Omuyimbi Asinga mu Lugaflow/Rap | |Alondedwa |- | Engule za MTN eza Hip Hop | 2019 | Omuyimbi Omusajja Rapper Asinga mu mwaka | |Alondedwa |- | Engule za MTN eza Hip Hop | 2020 | Oluyimba lw'omwaka | ''Kampala Takoma'' |Alondedwa |- | Engule za Buzz Teeniez | 2020 | Oluyimba lwa Hip Hop olusinga | ''Bintwala'' |Omuwanguzi |- |} == Ebijuliziddwa == <references /> ihlr2l5p8odptzj16g2psbcs65m9oj5 48660 48648 2026-05-02T22:32:40Z Bonny256 11075 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1350821505|Mun G]]" 48660 wikitext text/x-wiki '''<big>Mun G</big>'''<big>, Mun Genius</big> yazaalibwa Mungi Emmanuel Matovu (25 Ogwekkumineebiri omwaka gwa1985) [[:en:Uganda|Munnayuganda]], [[:en:Rapping|muyimbi wa Rap]] era [[:en:Songwriter|omuwandiisi wa nnyimba]] amanyiddwa olw'okuyimba mu Lugaflow ne hip-hop muziki mu [[Yuganda|Uganda]] .<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2025-05-30 |title=Mystery fridge stunt and Mun G collab to launch "Say My Name" campaign |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/lifestyle/entertainment/mystery-fridge-stunt-and-mun-g-collab-to-launch-say-my-name-campaign-5047288 |access-date=2026-04-23 |website=Monitor |language=en}}</ref> Yasituka n’ettutumu ku ntandikwa y’emyaka gya 2010 era yali akwatagana n’ekibiina kya Baboon Forest Entertainment collective ekyatandikibwawo [[:en:GNL_Zamba|GNL Zamba]] nga tannatandikawo kkampuni ye ey’omuziki eyitibwa Kunta Kinte.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=ATILUK |first=NATHAN |date=2024-12-21 |title=Azawi, Mun G steal show at Zoe grounds |url=https://observer.ug/lifestyle-entertainment/azawi-mun-g-steal-show-at-zoe-grounds/ |access-date=2026-04-23 |website=The Observer |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Ruby |first=Josh |date=2020-05-10 |title=Mun G ready to celebrate 10 years with a concert before end of 2020 |url=https://mbu.ug/2020/05/10/mun-g-ready-to-celebrate-10-years-with-a-concert-before-end-of-2020/ |access-date=2026-04-23 |website=MBU |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Reporter |first=NewVision |date=2022-05-20 |title=Ent. & Lifestyle: Music Review: Kiggwanga – Mun*G |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/category/entertainment/music-review-kiggwanga-mung-NV_134414_042026 |access-date=2026-04-23 |website=New Vision}}</ref> == Obuto bwe n’okusoma kwe == Mun G yazaalibwa nga 25 Ogwekkumineebiri omwaka gwa 1985 mu kabuga k’e Gayaza mu Disitulikiti y’e Masaka.<ref name=":1" /> Yamaliriza siniya ye mu [[:en:Masaka_Secondary_School|Masaka Secondary School]] nga tannayingira [[:en:Makerere_University|Yunivasite ye Makerere]] gye yava n'afuna diguli ye eya Bachelor's Diguli mu Computer Science.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mun G Biography, Wiki, Profile, Life Story |url=https://www.howwe.ug/MunG/biography |access-date=2026-04-23 |website=www.howwe.ug |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-08-27 |title=Mun G says he wouldn't have built a house if it wasn't for girlfriend |url=https://www.pulse.ug/story/mun-g-says-he-wouldnt-have-built-a-house-if-it-wasnt-for-girlfriend-2024073110450708819 |access-date=2026-04-23 |website=Pulse Uganda |language=en}}</ref> == Omulimu gw’okuyimba == Mun G yatandika omulimu gwe ogw'okuyimba mu ngeri ey'ekikugu nga mu mwaka gwa 2010, n'afuna ettutumu n'oluyimba lwe olwasooka ''"Ebintu,"'' olwafuuka oluyimba era ne lumuyingiza mu balabi ba Uganda aba hip-hop.<ref name=":1" /> Oluvannyuma yeegatta ku Baboon Forest Entertainment, ekibiina kya hip-hop ekyakulemberwa [[:en:GNL_Zamba|GNL Zamba]], gye yafunira okusiimibwa okunene.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=2024-01-12 |title=I no longer look for hit songs - Mun G |url=https://www.howwe.ug/news/music/37384/i-no-longer-look-for-hit-songs-mun-g |access-date=2026-04-23 |website=www.howwe.ug |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Reporter |first=NewVision |date=2023-10-25 |title=Ent. & Lifestyle: Mun*G claims only Mowzey Radio could battle him musically |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/category/entertainment/mung-claims-only-mowzey-radio-could-battle-hi-NV_173484_042026 |access-date=2026-04-23 |website=New Vision}}</ref> Okumenyawo kwe kwava ku luyimba "Kakunganye," lwe yayimba nga lwawandikibwa omugenzi [[:en:Mowzey_Radio|Mowzey Radio]] ne Weasel.<ref name=":2" /> Oluvannyuma lw’okuva mu Baboon Forest lw’endagaano ye okuggwaako, Mun G yatandikawo kkampuni ye eya Kunta Kinte, ekyalaga enkyukakyuka n’adda mu mulimu ogw’okwetongola.<ref>{{Cite web |last=bigeyeadmin5 |date=2025-08-03 |title=Mun G Clears the Air: Says He Was Never Fired from Baboon Forest |url=https://bigeye.ug/mun-g-clears-the-air-says-he-was-never-fired-from-baboon-forest/ |access-date=2026-04-23 |website=BigEye.UG |language=en-US}}</ref> Oluvanyuma lwe myaka, afulumizza ennyimba nnyingi era n’azimba enkalala z’ennyimba ezisoba mwassatu"30" ezikutteyo.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Benjie |date=2025-08-12 |title=Mun G boasts unmatched stage presence and music catalog |url=https://mbu.ug/2025/08/12/mun-g-declares-superiority/ |access-date=2026-04-23 |website=MBU |language=en-US}}</ref> == Ennyimba ze == zino zezimu ku nnyimba ze:<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mun G New and Old Songs : Listen and Download |url=https://www.howwe.ug/mung/music |access-date=2026-04-23 |website=www.howwe.ug |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Mun G New and Old Songs Mp3 Download, Mun G Music Videos - DJ Erycom |url=https://www.djerycom.ug/allsongs?id=137&a=mun-g |access-date=2026-04-23 |website=www.djerycom.ug}}</ref> === Zeyayimba yeka === {{Columns-list|* Igwe (Weyayu) * Bintwala * Fati * Big Bumpa * The Whistle Song * Kyaba Too Much * Oh My Goodness * Nguwulira * Njagala Banjagala * Kisaati Masavu * Kisaati Masavu Remix * Shake Tables * Wepanke * Pombe * Kiggwanga * Nabbanja * Uganda Enyumira * Uganda * Entanglement * Ontwala Speed * Harvest You * Oli Wamanyi * Sente Egonza * Nyama * Kiri Kampala * One More Day * Aleese Work * Silya Mukene * Sala Puleesa * Byayanga * Nkwepikira * Kiki Ekigaanye * Jira Tugire * Kyiri Obvious * Speaking in Tongues * Dear Pops * With You * Good Vibes * Billion Views * Kayaye * Bridget * Team Mukiibi * Sente Zange * Akatuli * Zzina * Top G * Money Is Coming * Holiday * Legend|colwidth=10em}}{{Columns-list|* Igwe (Weyayu) * Bintwala * Fati * Big Bumpa * The Whistle Song * Kyaba Too Much * Oh My Goodness * Nguwulira * Njagala Banjagala * Kisaati Masavu * Kisaati Masavu Remix * Shake Tables * Wepanke * Pombe * Kiggwanga * Nabbanja * Uganda Enyumira * Uganda * Entanglement * Ontwala Speed * Harvest You * Oli Wamanyi * Sente Egonza * Nyama * Kiri Kampala * One More Day * Aleese Work * Silya Mukene * Sala Puleesa * Byayanga * Nkwepikira * Kiki Ekigaanye * Jira Tugire * Kyiri Obvious * Speaking in Tongues * Dear Pops * With You * Good Vibes * Billion Views * Kayaye * Bridget * Team Mukiibi * Sente Zange * Akatuli * Zzina * Top G * Money Is Coming * Holiday * Legend|colwidth=10em}} === Zeyayimba nabayimbi abalala === {{Columns-list|* Kakunganye (feat. Mowzey Radio & Weasel) * Sejjusa (feat. Naava Grey) * Legends (feat. Jose Chameleone) * Born a fighter (feat. Jose Chameleone) * Mumaanyi (feat. Crim Soft) * Engonga Dance (feat. Vampino) * Mzuri (feat. Jose Chameleone) * All To Me (feat. Joshua Baraka) * Nayomi (feat. Joshua Baraka) * Crazy (Mutwe) (feat. Daddy Andre) * Blesssed (feat. TIK & Twazzitah) * Okoze Otya (feat. Vian Music) * Sikyaswala (feat. Ziki J) * Omugaati (feat. Joseph Sax) * Bomboclat (feat. Ykee Benda) * Guma Bakunyige (feat. Recho Rey) * Follow My Rules (feat. Nutty Neithan) * Kikambwe (feat. GNL Zamba) * Bafulume (feat. Ziki J) * Kampala Takoma (feat. Crysto Panda) * Locomotive (The whistle song) - Davis Ntare, Radio ,Weasel, Cindy, Rabadaba,GNL Zamba, Mr X, Vboyo|colwidth=10em}} == Laba ne == * [[:en:GNL_Zamba|GNL Zamba]] * [[:en:Navio_(rapper)|Navio]] * [[:en:Ykee_Benda|Ykee Benda]] * [[:en:Joshua_Baraka|joshua Baraka]] * [[:en:Music_of_Uganda|Omuziki gw'e Uganda]] == Engule n’okusunsulwa == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Awaadi ! Omwaka ! Olubu ! Omulimu/Oluyimba ! Alizaati |- | Awaadi ya Buzz Teeniez | 2014 | Omuyimbi Omusajja mu Teeniez | |Omuwanguzi |- | Awaadi ya Buzz Teeniez | 2015 | Omuyimbi Omusajja mu Teeniez | |Omuwanguzi |- | Awaadi ya Buzz Teeniez | 2015 | Asinga mu Riddim | ''Goberera Amateeka Gange'' |Omuwanguzi |- | Awaadi ya Buzz Teeniez | 2015 | Collabo asinga okucamula | ''Goberera Amateeka Gange'' (feat. Nutty Neithan) |Omuwanguzi |- | Awaadi y'ennyimba za HiPipo | 2017 | Oluyimba lwa Hip Hop olusinga obulungi | ''Sala Puleesa'' |Omuwanguzi |- | Awaadi ya MTN eya Hip Hop | 2018 | Omuyimbi Omusajja Rapper Asinga mu mwaka | |Alondedwa |- | Awaadi ya MTN eya Hip Hop | 2019 | Alubaamu y'omwaka | ''Omungi Atibwa'' |Omuwangu |- | Awaadi ya Zzina | 2019 | Omuyimbi Asinga mu Lugaflow/Rap | |Alondedwa |- | Awaadi ya MTN eya Hip Hop | 2019 | Omuyimbi Omusajja Rapper Asinga mu mwaka | |Alondedwa |- | Awaadi ya MTN eya Hip Hop | 2020 | Oluyimba lw'omwaka | ''Kampala Takoma'' |Alondedwa |- | Awaadi ya Buzz Teeniez | 2020 | Oluyimba lwa Hip Hop olusinga | ''Bintwala'' |Omuwanguzi |- |} == Ebijuliziddwa == <references /> mqckr67nqjqqaz09s9ub337dzuuhod2 Annet Nakimbugwe 0 13149 48649 2026-05-02T15:14:17Z Judithamos 10087 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1340913954|Annet Nakimbugwe]]" 48649 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Annet Nakimbugwe''' [[Omupiira ogw'ebigere|muzannyi wa mupiira]] azannyira mu [[:en:Midfielder|makkati]]. Abadde mu [[:en:Uganda_women's_national_football_team|ttiimu ya Uganda ey'abakazi]] n'eya [[:en:DR_Congo_women's_national_under-20_football_team|DR Congo U20s]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=How World Cup dream swayed Mbekeka to play for Congo |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/sports/soccer/how-world-cup-dream-swayed-mbekeka-to-play-for-congo-3987528}}</ref> == Emirimu gya kiraabu == Nakimbugwe azannyidde Source de Kivu mu Democratic Republic of the Congo, mu [[:en:APR_F.C.|APR FC]] e Rwanda ne Buikwe She Red Stars mu Uganda. <ref>{{Cite web |date=20 July 2009 |title=APR women beat Rubavu in mismatch |url=https://www.newtimes.co.rw/section/read/45693 |access-date=27 February 2022}}</ref> <ref name="M">{{Cite web |title=Mother, daughter play for different teams |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/lifestyle/reviews-profiles/mother-daughter-play-for-different-teams-1632486?view=htmlamp |access-date=27 February 2022 |website=Monitor}}</ref> == Omulimu gw’ensi yonna == Nakimbugwe yazannyira Uganda ku mutendera gw'abakulu mu [[:en:2000_African_Women's_Championship|mpaka z'abakazi mu Afirika eza 2000]] ne [[:en:2002_African_Women's_Championship_qualification|okusunsula mu mpaka z'a Firika ez'abakazi eza 2002]]. <ref name="RSSSF">{{Cite web |title=Africa - Women's Championship 2000 |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesa/afr-women00.html |access-date=27 February 2022 |website=RSSSF}}</ref> === Ebiruubirirwa by’ensi yonna === ''Obubinja n'ebyava mu kulonda Uganda ne ggoolo ezisoose'' {| class="wikitable" !Nedda. ! Olunaku olw'omweezi ! Ekifo ! Omuvuganya ! Okuteeba ! Alizaati ! Empaka |- | style="text-align:center;" | 1. 1. | 17 Omwezi gwekkumi n'ogumu 2000 | [[:en:Johannesburg|Johannesburg]], South Afirika | Réunion | style="text-align:center;" | '''1''' –1 | style="text-align:center;" | 2–1 | [[:en:2000_African_Women's_Championship|Empaka z'abakazi mu Afrika eza 2000]] |- | style="text-align:center;" | 2. 2. | 13 ogekkumi 2002 | [[Kampala]], Uganda | Ethiopia | style="text-align:center;" | '''1''' –0 | style="text-align:center;" | 2–2 | [[:en:2002_African_Women's_Championship_qualification|Okusunsula mu mpaka za Afirica ez’abakazi eza 2002]] |} === Okusika omuguwa === Oluvanyuma lwa Uganda okuva mu [[:en:2004_African_Women's_Championship_qualification|mpaka z’okusunsulamu eza bakyala mu Afirika eza 2004]] nga tebanaba kuzannya mipiira [[:en:2004_African_Women's_Championship_qualification#Preliminary_round|gya lawundi esooka]] ne [[:en:Malawi_women's_national_football_team|Malawi]], Nakimbugwe ne Munnayuganda munne [[:en:Oliva_Amani|Oliver Mbekeka]] baagenda ebweru w’eggwanga. <ref name="M">{{Cite web |title=Mother, daughter play for different teams |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/lifestyle/reviews-profiles/mother-daughter-play-for-different-teams-1632486?view=htmlamp |access-date=27 February 2022 |website=Monitor}}</ref> Olw'okuba baali mu Democratic Republic of the Congo, <ref>{{Cite web |date=22 October 2009 |title=Women football back on menu |url=https://observer.ug/sports/44-sports/5642-women-football-back-on-menu |access-date=27 February 2022}}</ref> bazaalibwa eyo nga Annette Nshimire ne Oliva Amani, era ne bakiikirira eggwanga mu [[:en:2006_FIFA_U-20_Women's_World_Championship|mpaka z'ensi yonna eza FIFA U-20 mpaka z'abakyala ez'ensi yonna eza 2006]] . <ref name="M" /> Era yazannya edition eno wammanga mu [[:en:2008_FIFA_U-20_Women's_World_Championship|2008]] . == Obulamu bw’omuntu ku bubwe == Muwala wa Nakimbugwe, [[Hasifah Nassuna]], naye muzannyi wa mupiira era bombi bazze battunka mu mipiira gya liigi y'abakazi mu Uganda. <ref name="M">{{Cite web |title=Mother, daughter play for different teams |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/lifestyle/reviews-profiles/mother-daughter-play-for-different-teams-1632486?view=htmlamp |access-date=27 February 2022 |website=Monitor}}</ref> == Ebiwandiiko ebikozesebwa == == Ebiyungo eby’ebweru == * Annet Nakimbugwe on X j8dr2isdper12n0gimbgudaonmb6zda 48650 48649 2026-05-02T15:19:20Z Judithamos 10087 Added Wikilinks and grammer #WUCUG26MUK 48650 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Annet Nakimbugwe''' [[Omupiira ogw'ebigere|muzannyi wa mupiira]] azannyira mu [[:en:Midfielder|makkati]]. Abadde mu [[:en:Uganda_women's_national_football_team|ttiimu ya Uganda ey'abakazi]] n'eya [[:en:DR_Congo_women's_national_under-20_football_team|DR Congo U20s]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=How World Cup dream swayed Mbekeka to play for Congo |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/sports/soccer/how-world-cup-dream-swayed-mbekeka-to-play-for-congo-3987528}}</ref> == Emirimu gya kiraabu == Nakimbugwe azannyidde Source de Kivu mu Democratic Republic of the Congo, mu [[:en:APR_F.C.|APR FC]] e Rwanda ne Buikwe She Red Stars mu Uganda. <ref>{{Cite web |date=20 July 2009 |title=APR women beat Rubavu in mismatch |url=https://www.newtimes.co.rw/section/read/45693 |access-date=27 February 2022}}</ref> <ref name="M">{{Cite web |title=Mother, daughter play for different teams |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/lifestyle/reviews-profiles/mother-daughter-play-for-different-teams-1632486?view=htmlamp |access-date=27 February 2022 |website=Monitor}}</ref> == Emirimu gy’ensi yonna == Nakimbugwe yazannyira [[Yuganda|Uganda]] ku mutendera gw'abakulu mu [[:en:2000_African_Women's_Championship|mpaka z'abakazi mu Afirika eza 2000]] ne [[:en:2002_African_Women's_Championship_qualification|okusunsula mu mpaka z'a Firika ez'abakazi eza 2002]]. <ref name="RSSSF">{{Cite web |title=Africa - Women's Championship 2000 |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesa/afr-women00.html |access-date=27 February 2022 |website=RSSSF}}</ref> === Ebiruubirirwa by’ensi yonna === ''Obubinja n'ebyava mu kulonda Uganda ne ggoolo ezisoose'' {| class="wikitable" !Nedda. ! Olunaku olw'omweezi ! Ekifo ! Omuvuganya ! Okuteeba ! Alizaati ! Empaka |- | style="text-align:center;" | 1. 1. | 17 Omwezi gwekkumi n'ogumu 2000 | [[:en:Johannesburg|Johannesburg]], South Afirika | Réunion | style="text-align:center;" | '''1''' –1 | style="text-align:center;" | 2–1 | [[:en:2000_African_Women's_Championship|Empaka z'abakazi mu Afrika eza 2000]] |- | style="text-align:center;" | 2. 2. | 13 ogekkumi 2002 | [[Kampala]], Uganda | Ethiopia | style="text-align:center;" | '''1''' –0 | style="text-align:center;" | 2–2 | [[:en:2002_African_Women's_Championship_qualification|Okusunsula mu mpaka za Afirica ez’abakazi eza 2002]] |} === Okusika omuguwa === Oluvanyuma lwa [[Yuganda|Uganda]] okuva mu [[:en:2004_African_Women's_Championship_qualification|mpaka z’okusunsulamu eza bakyala mu Afirika eza 2004]] nga tebanaba kuzannya mipiira [[:en:2004_African_Women's_Championship_qualification#Preliminary_round|gya lawundi esooka]] ne [[:en:Malawi_women's_national_football_team|Malawi]], Nakimbugwe ne Munnayuganda munne [[:en:Oliva_Amani|Oliver Mbekeka]] baagenda ebweru w’eggwanga. <ref name="M">{{Cite web |title=Mother, daughter play for different teams |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/lifestyle/reviews-profiles/mother-daughter-play-for-different-teams-1632486?view=htmlamp |access-date=27 February 2022 |website=Monitor}}</ref> Olw'okuba baali mu [[Democratic Republic of Congo|Democratic Republic of the Congo]], <ref>{{Cite web |date=22 October 2009 |title=Women football back on menu |url=https://observer.ug/sports/44-sports/5642-women-football-back-on-menu |access-date=27 February 2022}}</ref> bazaalibwa eyo nga Annette Nshimire ne Oliva Amani, era ne bakiikirira eggwanga mu [[:en:2006_FIFA_U-20_Women's_World_Championship|mpaka z'ensi yonna eza FIFA U-20 mpaka z'abakyala ez'ensi yonna eza 2006]] . <ref name="M" /> Era yazannya edition eno wammanga mu [[:en:2008_FIFA_U-20_Women's_World_Championship|2008]] . == Obulamu bw’omuntu ku bubwe == Muwala wa Nakimbugwe, [[Hasifah Nassuna]], naye muzannyi wa mupiira era bombi bazze battunka mu mipiira gya liigi y'abakazi mu Uganda. <ref name="M">{{Cite web |title=Mother, daughter play for different teams |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/lifestyle/reviews-profiles/mother-daughter-play-for-different-teams-1632486?view=htmlamp |access-date=27 February 2022 |website=Monitor}}</ref> == Ebijuliziddwa == <references /> == Ebiyungo eby’ebweru == * [https://x.com/15_annet Annet Nakimbugwe] on [[:en:X_(social_network)|X]] qfeo7knjaj0haha1ujpzrb3f0ugswqv 48653 48650 2026-05-02T15:47:21Z Judithamos 10087 Corrected grammer #WUCUG26MUK 48653 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Annet Nakimbugwe''' [[Omupiira ogw'ebigere|muzannyi wa mupiira]] azannyira mu [[:en:Midfielder|makkati]]. Abadde mu [[:en:Uganda_women's_national_football_team|ttiimu ya Uganda ey'abakazi]] n'eya [[:en:DR_Congo_women's_national_under-20_football_team|DR Congo U20s]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=How World Cup dream swayed Mbekeka to play for Congo |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/sports/soccer/how-world-cup-dream-swayed-mbekeka-to-play-for-congo-3987528}}</ref> == Emirimu gya kiraabu == Nakimbugwe azannyidde Source de Kivu mu Democratic Republic of the Congo, mu [[:en:APR_F.C.|APR FC]] e Rwanda ne Buikwe She Red Stars mu Uganda. <ref>{{Cite web |date=20 July 2009 |title=APR women beat Rubavu in mismatch |url=https://www.newtimes.co.rw/section/read/45693 |access-date=27 February 2022}}</ref> <ref name="M">{{Cite web |title=Mother, daughter play for different teams |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/lifestyle/reviews-profiles/mother-daughter-play-for-different-teams-1632486?view=htmlamp |access-date=27 February 2022 |website=Monitor}}</ref> == Emirimu gy’ensi yonna == Nakimbugwe yazannyira [[Yuganda|Uganda]] ku mutendera gw'abakulu mu [[:en:2000_African_Women's_Championship|mpaka z'abakazi mu Afirika eza 2000]] ne [[:en:2002_African_Women's_Championship_qualification|okusunsula mu mpaka z'a Firika ez'abakazi eza 2002]]. <ref name="RSSSF">{{Cite web |title=Africa - Women's Championship 2000 |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesa/afr-women00.html |access-date=27 February 2022 |website=RSSSF}}</ref> === Ebiruubirirwa by’ensi yonna === ''Obubinja n'ebyava mu kulonda Uganda ne ggoolo ezisoose'' {| class="wikitable" !Ennamba. ! Olunaku lw'omweezi ! Ekifo ! Omuvuganya ! Okuteeba ! ebyavaamu ! Empaka |- | style="text-align:center;" | 1. 1. | 17 Omwezi gwekkumi n'ogumu 2000 | [[:en:Johannesburg|Johannesburg]], South Afirika | Réunion | style="text-align:center;" | '''1''' –1 | style="text-align:center;" | 2–1 | [[:en:2000_African_Women's_Championship|Empaka z'abakazi mu Afrika eza 2000]] |- | style="text-align:center;" | 2. 2. | 13 ogekkumi 2002 | [[Kampala]], Uganda | Ethiopia | style="text-align:center;" | '''1''' –0 | style="text-align:center;" | 2–2 | [[:en:2002_African_Women's_Championship_qualification|Okusunsula mu mpaka za Afirica ez’abakazi eza 2002]] |} === Okusika omuguwa === Oluvanyuma lwa [[Yuganda|Uganda]] okuva mu [[:en:2004_African_Women's_Championship_qualification|mpaka z’okusunsulamu eza bakyala mu Afirika eza 2004]] nga tebanaba kuzannya mipiira [[:en:2004_African_Women's_Championship_qualification#Preliminary_round|gya lawundi esooka]] ne [[:en:Malawi_women's_national_football_team|Malawi]], Nakimbugwe ne Munnayuganda munne [[:en:Oliva_Amani|Oliver Mbekeka]] baagenda ebweru w’eggwanga. <ref name="M">{{Cite web |title=Mother, daughter play for different teams |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/lifestyle/reviews-profiles/mother-daughter-play-for-different-teams-1632486?view=htmlamp |access-date=27 February 2022 |website=Monitor}}</ref> Olw'okuba baali mu [[Democratic Republic of Congo|Democratic Republic of the Congo]], <ref>{{Cite web |date=22 October 2009 |title=Women football back on menu |url=https://observer.ug/sports/44-sports/5642-women-football-back-on-menu |access-date=27 February 2022}}</ref> bazaalibwa eyo nga Annette Nshimire ne Oliva Amani, era ne bakiikirira eggwanga mu [[:en:2006_FIFA_U-20_Women's_World_Championship|mpaka z'ensi yonna eza FIFA U-20 mpaka z'abakyala ez'ensi yonna eza 2006]] . <ref name="M" /> Era yazannya edition eno wammanga mu [[:en:2008_FIFA_U-20_Women's_World_Championship|2008]] . == Obulamu bw’omuntu ku bubwe == Muwala wa Nakimbugwe, [[Hasifah Nassuna]], naye muzannyi wa mupiira era bombi bazze battunka mu mipiira gya liigi y'abakazi mu Uganda. <ref name="M">{{Cite web |title=Mother, daughter play for different teams |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/lifestyle/reviews-profiles/mother-daughter-play-for-different-teams-1632486?view=htmlamp |access-date=27 February 2022 |website=Monitor}}</ref> == Ebijuliziddwa == <references /> == Ebiyungo eby’ebweru == * [https://x.com/15_annet Annet Nakimbugwe] on [[:en:X_(social_network)|X]] fsrxd41dthgl2wdv467inzis48m9tti Fauzia Najjemba 0 13150 48651 2026-05-02T15:39:35Z Judithamos 10087 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1347158086|Fauzia Najjemba]]" 48651 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fauzia Najjemba''' (yazaalibwa 7 ogwekkumi 2003) [[Omupiira ogw'ebigere|muzannyi wa mupiira]] mu Uganda omukugu era azannya ng'[[:en:Striker_(association_football)|omuzibizi]] wa [[:en:Boston_Legacy_FC|Boston Legacy FC]] eya [[:en:National_Women's_Soccer_League|National Women's Soccer League]] (NWSL) ne [[:en:Uganda_women's_national_football_team|ttiimu y'eggwanga lya Uganda]] . == Obulamu obuto == Najjemba yali ku nsalo ne Zubair Kivumbi ne Hawa Namulono <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2021-11-20 |title=Najjemba leads cast in Fufa Women Player of the Year award |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/magazines/score/najjemba-leads-cast-in-fufa-women-player-of-the-year-award-3625296 |access-date=2025-12-18 |website=Monitor |language=en}}</ref> era yakulira [[Nakifuma]], era wa ggwanga lya [[Baganda]] mu Uganda. Yasomera ku St. Joseph P/ S Naggalama gye yatuula PLE mu 2014. Yeegatta ku Nakifuma High n'oluvannyuma Mukono High School gye yamalira siniya eyokuna mu 2018. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Muyita |first=Joel |date=2019-09-20 |title=Kampala Queens sign highly rated forward Najjemba |url=https://kawowo.com/2019/09/20/women-football-kampala-queens-sign-highly-rated-forward-najjemba/ |access-date=2025-12-18 |website=Kawowo Sports |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref name=":0" /> == Omulimu gwa kiraabu == Najjemba azannyidde [[:en:Kampala_Queens_FC|Kampala Queens FC]] mu Uganda. <ref name="FUFA">{{Cite web |date=25 January 2022 |title=Coach Lutalo Names Crested Cranes Provisional Squad Ahead Of AWCON Qualifiers Against Kenya |url=https://fufa.co.ug/coach-lutalo-names-crested-cranes-provisional-squad-ahead-of-awcon-qualifiers-against-kenya/ |access-date=19 February 2022 |website=Federation of Uganda Football Associations}}</ref> Yazannyirako ne mu Isra Soccer Academy. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Marsha |first=Ahmed |date=2023-07-04 |title=Interview: Fauzia Najjemba opens up on life in Europe and her football journey so far |url=https://www.fufa.co.ug/interview-fauzia-najjemba-opens-up-on-life-in-europe-and-her-football-journey-so-far/ |access-date=2024-09-13 |website=FUFA: Federation of Uganda Football Associations |language=en-US}}</ref> Nga 8 January 2026, kiraabu ya [[:en:National_Women's_Soccer_League|National Women's Soccer League]] (NWSL) egaziya [[:en:Boston_Legacy_FC|Boston Legacy FC]] yalangirira nga bwe yassa omukono ku ndagaano ya Najjemba ey'emyaka ebiri nga buli omu alina okulonda omwaka omulala. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Boston Legacy Football Club Signs Fauzia Najjemba |url=https://bostonlegacyfc.com/blogs/press/boston-legacy-football-club-signs-fauzia-najjemba-uganda |access-date=2026-01-08 |website=Boston Legacy FC |language=en}}</ref> == Omulimu gw’ensi yonna == Najjemba yazannyira Uganda ku mutendera gw'abakulu mu mpaka [[:en:2022_Africa_Women_Cup_of_Nations_qualification|z'okusunsulamu abagenda okuzannya mu mpaka z'abakyala ba Afirika mu nsi yonna eza 2022]] . === Ebiruubirirwa by’ensi yonna === ''Obubinja n'ebyava mu kulonda Uganda ggoolo ezisoose'' {| class="wikitable" !Ennamba. ! Olunaku lw'omweezi ! Ekifo ! Omuvuganya ! Okuteeba ! ebyavaamu ! Empaka |- | style="text-align:center;" | 1. 1. | 17 ogwekkumi na gumu 2019 | rowspan="2" | [[:en:Chamazi_Stadium|Ekisaawe kya Chamazi]], [[:en:Mbagala|Mbagala]], Tanzania | [[Djibouti]] | style="text-align:center;" | '''10''' –0 | style="text-align:center;" | 13–0 | rowspan="2" | [[:en:2019_CECAFA_Women's_Championship|Empaka z'abakyala eza CECAFA eza 2019]] |- | style="text-align:center;" | 2. 2. | 19 ogwekkumi na gumu 2019 | rowspan="2" | [[Ethiopia]] | style="text-align:center;" | '''1''' –0 | style="text-align:center;" | 1–0 |- | style="text-align:center;" | 3. 3. | 20 ogwekkumi 2021 | [[St. Mary's Stadium-Kitende|Ekisaawe kya St. Mary's-Kitende]], [[Kampala]], Uganda | style="text-align:center;" | '''2''' –0 | style="text-align:center;" | 2–0 | [[:en:2022_Africa_Women_Cup_of_Nations_qualification|Okusunsulamu abasunsuddwa mu mpaka za Africa Women Cup of Nations eza 2022]] |- | style="text-align:center;" | 4. 4. | 1 ogwekkumi n'ebiri 2023 | [[:en:Père_Jégo_Stadium|Ekisaawe kya Père Jégo]], [[:en:Casablanca|Casablanca]], Morocco | [[Morocco]] | align="center" | '''1''' –0 | align="center" | 1–1 | [[:en:Exhibition_match|gwa mukwaano]] |- |} == Engule n'okusiimibwa == Najjemba yawangula engule y’omuzannyi asinga omuwendo mu mpaka za [[:en:CECAFA_Cup|CECAFA]] abali wansi w’emyaka 17 eza 2019 e Njeru. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2021-11-20 |title=Najjemba leads cast in Fufa Women Player of the Year award |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/magazines/score/najjemba-leads-cast-in-fufa-women-player-of-the-year-award-3625296 |access-date=2025-12-18 |website=Monitor |language=en}}</ref> == Laba ne == * [[:en:Uganda_women's_national_football_team|Ttiimu y'eggwanga ey'abakazi eya Uganda]] * [[:en:Kampala_Queens_FC|Kampala Queens FC]] * [[:en:CECAFA_Women's_Championship|Empaka z'abakyala eza CECAFA]] * [[:en:2022_Women's_Africa_Cup_of_Nations_qualification|Okusunsulamu abasunsuddwa mu mpaka za Africa Women Cup of Nations eza 2022]] * [[Omupiira mu Uganda]] == Ebiwandiiko ebikozesebwa == == Ebiyungo eby’ebweru == * Fauzia Najjemba on Instagram fa7w619zma4h339yu30k0vaazyd9cip 48652 48651 2026-05-02T15:45:50Z Judithamos 10087 Corrected grammer and added wikilinks #WUCUG26MUK 48652 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fauzia Najjemba''' (yazaalibwa 7 ogwekkumi 2003) [[Omupiira ogw'ebigere|muzannyi wa mupiira]] mu Uganda omukugu era azannya ng'[[:en:Striker_(association_football)|omuzibizi]] wa [[:en:Boston_Legacy_FC|Boston Legacy FC]] eya [[:en:National_Women's_Soccer_League|National Women's Soccer League]] (NWSL) ne [[:en:Uganda_women's_national_football_team|ttiimu y'eggwanga lya Uganda]] . == Obulamu obuto == Najjemba yali ku nsalo ne Zubair Kivumbi ne Hawa Namulono <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2021-11-20 |title=Najjemba leads cast in Fufa Women Player of the Year award |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/magazines/score/najjemba-leads-cast-in-fufa-women-player-of-the-year-award-3625296 |access-date=2025-12-18 |website=Monitor |language=en}}</ref> era yakulira [[Nakifuma]], era ali mu ggwanga ly'a[[Baganda]] mu [[Yuganda|Uganda]]. Yasomera ku St. Joseph P/ S Naggalama gye yatuula PLE mu 2014. Yeegatta ku Nakifuma High n'oluvannyuma Mukono High School gye yamalira siniya eyokuna mu 2018. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Muyita |first=Joel |date=2019-09-20 |title=Kampala Queens sign highly rated forward Najjemba |url=https://kawowo.com/2019/09/20/women-football-kampala-queens-sign-highly-rated-forward-najjemba/ |access-date=2025-12-18 |website=Kawowo Sports |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref name=":0" /> == Emirimu gya kiraabu == Najjemba azannyidde [[:en:Kampala_Queens_FC|Kampala Queens FC]] mu [[Yuganda|Uganda]]. <ref name="FUFA">{{Cite web |date=25 January 2022 |title=Coach Lutalo Names Crested Cranes Provisional Squad Ahead Of AWCON Qualifiers Against Kenya |url=https://fufa.co.ug/coach-lutalo-names-crested-cranes-provisional-squad-ahead-of-awcon-qualifiers-against-kenya/ |access-date=19 February 2022 |website=Federation of Uganda Football Associations}}</ref> Yazannyirako ne mu Isra Soccer Academy. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Marsha |first=Ahmed |date=2023-07-04 |title=Interview: Fauzia Najjemba opens up on life in Europe and her football journey so far |url=https://www.fufa.co.ug/interview-fauzia-najjemba-opens-up-on-life-in-europe-and-her-football-journey-so-far/ |access-date=2024-09-13 |website=FUFA: Federation of Uganda Football Associations |language=en-US}}</ref> Nga 8 ogwolubereberye 2026, kiraabu ya [[:en:National_Women's_Soccer_League|National Women's Soccer League]] (NWSL) egaziya [[:en:Boston_Legacy_FC|Boston Legacy FC]] yalangirira nga bwe yassa omukono ku ndagaano ya Najjemba ey'emyaka ebiri nga buli omu alina okulonda omwaka omulala. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Boston Legacy Football Club Signs Fauzia Najjemba |url=https://bostonlegacyfc.com/blogs/press/boston-legacy-football-club-signs-fauzia-najjemba-uganda |access-date=2026-01-08 |website=Boston Legacy FC |language=en}}</ref> == Emirimu gy’ensi yonna == Najjemba yazannyira Uganda ku mutendera gw'abakulu mu mpaka [[:en:2022_Africa_Women_Cup_of_Nations_qualification|z'okusunsulamu abagenda okuzannya mu mpaka z'abakyala ba Afirika mu nsi yonna eza 2022]] . === Ebiruubirirwa by’ensi yonna === ''Obubinja n'ebyava mu kulonda Uganda ggoolo ezisoose'' {| class="wikitable" !Ennamba. ! Olunaku lw'omweezi ! Ekifo ! Omuvuganya ! Okuteeba ! ebyavaamu ! Empaka |- | style="text-align:center;" | 1. 1. | 17 ogwekkumi na gumu 2019 | rowspan="2" | [[:en:Chamazi_Stadium|Ekisaawe kya Chamazi]], [[:en:Mbagala|Mbagala]], Tanzania | [[Djibouti]] | style="text-align:center;" | '''10''' –0 | style="text-align:center;" | 13–0 | rowspan="2" | [[:en:2019_CECAFA_Women's_Championship|Empaka z'abakyala eza CECAFA eza 2019]] |- | style="text-align:center;" | 2. 2. | 19 ogwekkumi na gumu 2019 | rowspan="2" | [[Ethiopia]] | style="text-align:center;" | '''1''' –0 | style="text-align:center;" | 1–0 |- | style="text-align:center;" | 3. 3. | 20 ogwekkumi 2021 | [[St. Mary's Stadium-Kitende|Ekisaawe kya St. Mary's-Kitende]], [[Kampala]], Uganda | style="text-align:center;" | '''2''' –0 | style="text-align:center;" | 2–0 | [[:en:2022_Africa_Women_Cup_of_Nations_qualification|Okusunsulamu abasunsuddwa mu mpaka za Africa Women Cup of Nations eza 2022]] |- | style="text-align:center;" | 4. 4. | 1 ogwekkumi n'ebiri 2023 | [[:en:Père_Jégo_Stadium|Ekisaawe kya Père Jégo]], [[:en:Casablanca|Casablanca]], Morocco | [[Morocco]] | align="center" | '''1''' –0 | align="center" | 1–1 | [[:en:Exhibition_match|gwa mukwaano]] |- |} == Engule n'okusiimibwa == Najjemba yawangula engule y’omuzannyi asinga omuwendo mu mpaka za [[:en:CECAFA_Cup|CECAFA]] abali wansi w’emyaka 17 eza 2019 e Njeru. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2021-11-20 |title=Najjemba leads cast in Fufa Women Player of the Year award |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/magazines/score/najjemba-leads-cast-in-fufa-women-player-of-the-year-award-3625296 |access-date=2025-12-18 |website=Monitor |language=en}}</ref> == Laba ne == * [[:en:Uganda_women's_national_football_team|Ttiimu y'eggwanga ey'abakazi eya Uganda]] * [[:en:Kampala_Queens_FC|Kampala Queens FC]] * [[:en:CECAFA_Women's_Championship|Empaka z'abakyala eza CECAFA]] * [[:en:2022_Women's_Africa_Cup_of_Nations_qualification|Okusunsulamu abasunsuddwa mu mpaka za Africa Women Cup of Nations eza 2022]] * [[Omupiira mu Uganda]] == Ebijuliziddwa == <references /> == Ebiyungo eby’ebweru == * [https://www.instagram.com/fauzianajjemba13/ Fauzia Najjemba] on Instagram 4g8zzneua3nv2h07jexcibkosukrh2z Menton Summer 0 13151 48655 2026-05-02T21:03:56Z Halimah Nampiima 11015 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1350914571|Menton Summer]]" 48655 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Message box/ambox.css"></templatestyles>'''Menton Summer''' (yazaalibwa '''Peter Nkwanga''', yafa mu1997) yali muyimbi [[Yuganda|wa Uganda]] mu [[:en:Dancehall|dancehall]] ne [[:en:Reggae|Reggae]] era nga [[:en:Radio_personality|muweereza wa leediyo]] .<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2023-11-04 |title=Menton Summer: Star who had potential to beat Jamaicans |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/magazines/life/menton-summer-star-who-had-potential-to-beat-jamaicans-4423468 |access-date=2026-04-24 |website=Monitor |language=en}} </ref> Atwalibwa ng'omu ku baatandikawo ekibiina ky'ennyimba mu kibuga Uganda mu myaka gya 1990 ng'ali wamu ne [[:en:Emperor_Orlandoh|Emperor Orlandoh]],<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Reporter |first=NewVision |date=2022-02-09 |title=Ent. & Lifestyle: Musicians who died before reaching their peak |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/category/entertainment/musicians-who-died-before-reaching-their-peak-NV_126657_042026 |access-date=2026-04-24 |website=New Vision}} </ref> ng'ayamba okumanyisa emisono gy'ennyimba egyakwatibwako Jamaica mu ggwanga.<ref name=":0" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-11-10 |title=When Uganda danced to product adverts |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/lifestyle/entertainment/when-uganda-danced-to-product-adverts-4818472 |access-date=2026-04-24 |website=Monitor |language=en}} </ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Ivan |first=Mubiru |date=2020-06-16 |title=LIST: Ugandan celebrities who lost their lives in accidents |url=https://www.watchdoguganda.com/entertainment/showbiz/20200616/94365/list-ugandan-celebrities-who-lost-their-lives-in-accidents-2.html |access-date=2026-04-24 |website=Watchdog Uganda |language=en-GB}}</ref> == Obuto bwe == Menton Summer yazaalibwa Peter Nkwanga mutabani wa kapiteeni George Nkwanga omuduumizi w’amagye alina akakwate ku kibiina kya Federal Democratic Movement mu Uganda (FEDEMU).<ref name=":0" /> Yamanyika nyo olw’endabika ye ey’Abarasta, omuli [[:en:Dreadlocks|dreadlocks]], ezaali tezitera kubeera mu bifo eby’amasanyu ebya Uganda ebikulu mu kiseera ekyo.<ref name=":0" /> == Omulimu gw’okuyimba == Summer yasituka n’ettutumu ku ntandikwa y’emyaka gya 1990 mu kiseera ng’omulimu gw’okuyimba mu Uganda gukyuka okuva ku bufuzi bwa [[:en:Congolese_music|Congo]] ne [[Kadongo Kamu]] okudda ku bika by’omu bibuga ebikwatibwako ennyimba za Jamaican [[:en:Reggae|reggae]] ne [[:en:Dancehall|dancehall]].<ref name=":0" /> Yali kitundu ku mulembe gw’abayimbi omuli [[:en:Emperor_Orlandoh|Emperor Orlandoh]], Rasta Rob MC, ne [[Ragga Dee]], abayambako okuyingiza “ [[:en:Ragga|ragga]] ” n’obuwangwa bwa [[:en:Dancehall|dancehall]] mu nsiike y’okuyimba mu bibuga mu Uganda.<ref>{{Cite web |last=sqoopadmin |date=2014-01-24 |title=CHAMELEONE TO PAY TRIBUTE TO MENTON SUMMER - Sqoop - Get Uganda entertainment news, celebrity gossip, videos and photos |url=https://www.sqoop.co.ug/201401/four-one-one/chameleone-to-pay-tribute-to-menton-summer.html |access-date=2026-04-24 |language=en-US}} </ref> Ennyimba ze ezaali zimanyiddwa ennyo mwalimu:<ref name=":0" /> * Sirikawo Omwana ne [[:en:Emperor_Orlandoh|Empula Orlandoh]]<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=iWitness |date=2022-05-07 |title=David Lutalo cheats death in car accident |url=https://www.galaxyfm.co.ug/2022/05/07/david-lutalo-cheats-death-in-car-accident/ |access-date=2026-04-24 |website=Galaxy FM 100.2 |language=en-US}} </ref> * Kaneemu * Leka Tuzilye == Emirimu gya leediyo n’emikutu gy’amawulire == Ng’oggyeeko okuyimba, Menton Summer yakola ng’omukozi wa leediyo ku [[CBS FM Buganda|CBS FM]],<ref name=":1" /> gye yategekanga pulogulaamu nga ''Township Tunes'' ne ''Saturday Club Mix'' . Era yalabikira mu bivvulu eby’amasanyu ebikwatagana n’ekibiina ''kya Ebonies,'' ekibiina kya katemba kye yali omu ku bannakatemba be baaleeta ku meeza mu pulogulaamu yaabwe ey’ennyimba ez’enjawulo eyalagibwanga mu bitundutundu ku ttivvi.<ref name=":0" /> == Okufa == Menton Summer yafa mu 1997 mu kabenje k'ebidduka e Nakalama ku luguudo lw'e Tirinyi<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-10-03 |title=List of artists Tragically killed in Motor Accidents |url=https://www.howwe.ug/news/entertainment/33870/list-of-artists-tragically-killed-in-motor-accidents |access-date=2026-04-24 |website=www.howwe.ug |language=en}} </ref> bwe yali akomawo okuva ku muzannyo e [[Mbale]] bwe yali afubutuka okuyimba ku ''Ekitoobero'' omukolo omulala ogwategekebwa [[CBS FM Buganda|leediyo ya CBS]] .<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3" /><ref name=":1" /> == Laba ne == * [[Okuyimba mu Uganda|Omuziki gwa Uganda]] * [[:en:Ugandan_hip_hop|Hip hop ya Uganda]] * [[Ragga Dee|Omuyimbi Ragga Dee]] * [[:en:Emperor_Orlandoh|Empelor Orlandoh]] == Ebijuliziddwa == 6ky2sazr4jlg5pd4ht32z19cguvaddc Victor Ray 0 13152 48656 2026-05-02T21:19:51Z 24RAY 11014 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1346119341|Victor Ray]]" 48656 wikitext text/x-wiki '''<big>Victor Ray</big>''' Munnayuganda-omungereza, muyimbi era muwandiisi wa nnyimba.<ref name=":6">{{Cite web |last=Fofana |first=Oumou |date=2024-03-24 |title=The Rise of Victor Ray from Busker to Breakout Artist |url=https://www.bet.com/article/vkupn2/the-rise-of-victor-ray-from-busker-to-breakout-artist |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=BET |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Bardsley |first=Miranda |date=2024-01-30 |title=Decca signs London-based rising star Victor Ray |url=https://www.musicweek.com/labels/read/decca-signs-london-based-rising-star-victor-ray/089184 |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=Music Week |language=en}}</ref> Yafuna ettutumu n'oluyimba lwe olwafuluma mu mwaka gwa 2024 olwa "Comfortable", wamu n'oluyimba lwa "Stay for a While" ne "It Only Cost Everything".<ref name=":1">{{Cite news|last=Morris|first=Damien|date=2024-06-22|title=One to watch: Victor Ray|url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/article/2024/jun/22/one-to-watch-victor-ray|access-date=2025-12-09|work=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=O’Connor |first=Roisin |date=2024-12-31 |title=From dark alt-pop to mind-melting techno-rock, the 10 acts to look out for in 2025 |url=https://www.the-independent.com/arts-entertainment/music/features/ones-to-watch-2025-lola-young-victor-ray-luvcat-b2667505.html |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> muziki wa Ray atabudwamu soulful R&B ne pop asikiriza amaloboozi egenjawulo nga bweganyonyolwa agamanyi naye nga makaka.<ref name=":1" />Oluvannyuma lw'okusooka okuzimba abagoberezi ng'ayita mu busking n'emitimbagano, Ray yakola endagaano ne Decca Records mu mwaka gwa 2024.<ref name=":7">{{Cite web |last=Wehner |first=Cyclone |date=2025-03-28 |title=Victor Ray On His Debut Australian Tour: 'It's Quite A Soulful Experience; It's Very Raw' |url=https://themusic.com.au/features/victor-ray-i-am-australian-tour-interview/2CZmys3Mz84/28-03-25 |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=The Music |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0" /><ref name=":3">{{Cite web |date=2024-01-30 |title=Victor Ray signs to Decca |url=https://www.recordoftheday.com/news-and-press/victor-raysigns-to-decca |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=Record of the Day}}</ref> == Obuto bwe == Victor Ray yazaalibwa mukibuga kya uganda ekikulu Kampala era basengukira e Newcastle ne famire ye mu Bungereza ng’alina omwaka gumu.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Kawashima |first=Dale |date=2025-05-02 |title=Victor Ray Interview – U.K. R&B/Soul Singer & Songwriter |url=https://www.songwriteruniverse.com/victor-ray-singer-songs-i-will/ |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=Songwriter Universe |language=en-US}}</ref> Ray yafuna okwagala omuziki nga kyali, ng'ekimu ku bijjukizo mu muziki ekyasooka kwe kuzinira ku "Dancing Queen" ya ABBA ng'akyali mwana muto.<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=Dunn-Christensen |first=Millie |date=2025-01-25 |title=2025 Artists to Watch Digital Cover – Victor Ray |url=https://notion.online/amazon-music-uk-2025-artists-to-watch-digital-cover-victor-ray/ |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=Notion |language=en-GB}}</ref> Ku myaka mukaaga, ya yolesa ekitone kye mulujudde ku kivvulu ky'esomero ekya Ssekukkulu, n'ayimba edoboozi erya muleetera okwagala okuyimba.<ref name=":4" /> Ray yakula ng’awuliriza ebika by'omuziki bingi, omuli pop, soul, R&B, hip-hop, ne rock, era naddala yakwatibwako abayimbi nga [[:en:J._Cole|J. Cole]] ne [[:en:Usher_(musician)|Usher]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Whelan |first=Leonie |date=2024-06-19 |title=Victor Ray & Teddy Swims' Street Corner Cover of "Crazy" WILL Give You GOOSEBUMPS |url=https://www.themusicman.uk/victor-ray-teddy-swims/ |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=The Music Man |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref name=":6" /> Ng'akyali mu myaka gy'e gy'ekumi, yayiga okukozesa guitar era n'atandika okuyimba ku sets ku mabbaala g'oku kitundu, embaga n'ekiro eky'okuggulawo mic, n'okudamu ennyimba okuva ku Whitney Houston ballads okutuuka ku nnyimba za pop-rock eza bbandi nga [[:en:Wheatus|Wheatus]].<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":7" /> == Ekika ky'ennyimba n'ebisikiriza == Ray ayogedde ku muziki gwe nti gusibuka mu buntu, emboozi ezikwata ku bulamu bwe, ng’asinziira ku bintu bya soul, R&B, ne pop ey’omulembe.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Phillips |first=Aimee |date=2024-07-22 |title=Victor Ray Interview: 'I'm excited to really push the boundaries' |url=https://principlemagazine.com/2024/07/22/victor-ray/ |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=Principle Magazine |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Haylette |first=Charlene |date=2024-12-02 |title=Cover Story With Victor Ray |url=https://www.theblkbrit.com/editorials/issue-002-cover-story-with-victor-ray |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=BLK BRIT |language=en-US}}</ref> Abadde ajuliza abayimbi nga [[:en:Ed_Sheeran|Ed Sheeran]], [[:en:Donny_Hathaway|Donny Hathaway]], [[:en:Michael_Jackson|Michael Jackson]] ne Usher ng'abakulu abakwata ku kuwandiika ennyimba ze n'engeri y'amaloboozi.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kylene |first=Jazmin |date=2024-08-12 |title=Next Wave #1184: Victor Ray |url=https://www.clashmusic.com/next-wave/next-wave-1184-victor-ray/ |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=Clash Magazine |language=en-GB}}</ref> Ray ayogedde ku kigendererwa kye eky'okugaziya okukiikirira abayimbi abaddugavu b'e Bungereza mu muzannyo gwa Pop ogwa bulijjo okusukka okussa essira ku rap oba grime, abawagizi bamulaba nga akoze enyo okukyusa "n'okumenyawo" eby'abantu mukisawe kyokuyimba.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /> == Emirimu gye == Oluvannyuma lw’okumaliriza okusoma kwe mu Newcastle, Ray yategeka okwegata ku yunivasite. Olw’okusubwa obubonero obwetaagisa mu kkoosi gye yalonda mu neyisa yabantu n'ebitundu byabwe (sociology),<ref>{{Cite web |last=Long |first=Jen |date=2023-08-30 |title=Victor Ray is on the rise – Interview |url=https://www.thelineofbestfit.com/features/interviews/victor-ray-on-the-rise |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=The Line of Best Fit |language=en-US}}</ref> mu kifo ky’ekyo essira yaliteka nyo ku muziki, n'okuyimba mulujudde ku nguudo.<ref name=":4" /> Maama we yamukubiriza okutwala okuyimba ng'ensonga enkulu enyo, ekyamuleetera okwewandiisa mu ttendekero ly'ennyimba mu Bungereza ne Irish Modern Music Institute e London.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-03-20 |title=BIMM graduate Victor Ray joins Teddy Swims for sold-out tour |url=https://www.bimm.ac.uk/news/bimm-graduate-victor-ray-joins-teddy-swims-for-sold-out-tour/ |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=BIMM Music Institute |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":7" /> Ku nkomerero y'omwaka 2021, akatambi ka Ray ng'ayimba oluyimba lwa Hozier olwa "Take Me to Church", olwakwatibwa ku luguudo, kaasaasaana ku mukutu gwa TikTok, n'okutumbula ekifananyi kye kumikutu gy'amugata bantu awamu n'abawagizi be.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Borkowski |first=Callum |date=2025-05-20 |title=Newcastle's own Victor Ray on his journey from Northumberland Street busking to touring with Teddy Swims |url=https://www.thecourieronline.co.uk/newcastles-own-victor-ray-on-his-journey-from-northumberland-street-busking-to-touring-with-teddy-swims/ |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=The Courier |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Charlton |first=Stephen |date=2023-08-02 |title=Busker Stops The Street With Incredible Soulful Cover Of "Take Me To Church" |url=https://www.themusicman.uk/victor-ray/ |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=The Music Man |language=en-GB}}</ref> Ku ntandikwa y'omwaka 2023, Ray nga yeetongodde yafulumya EP ye eyasooka ''nali.''. Yagoberera mu Gwomwenda mu mwaka gwa 2023 ne EP eyookubiri, ''nawulira.'', nga mulimu n'ennyimba z'eyayimba yeka "Popcorn ne a Smoothie," oluyimba olukwata ku kitaawe.<ref name=":4" /> Obumanyirivu bwa Ray bw'eyongera n'obuwanguzi obwawagulu ekyaletera okugulawo emikisa mu makampuni amanene, nga Decca Records okulangirira nti baakoola naye endagano mu mwezi Ogwolubereberye mu mwaka gwa 2024.<ref name=":3" /> Oluyimba lwe olwasooka okufuluma ku Decca lwe yayimba yeka "Comfortable", olwafuna obukadde n'obukadde bw'abayimbi oluvannyuma lw'okutekebwa ku mikutu mugata bantu(social media),<ref name=":3" /> n'etuuka ku nnamba Nkaaga mubiri (62) ku mukutu gwa [[:en:UK_singles_chart|UK Official Singles Chart]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-01-25 |title=COMFORTABLE |url=https://www.officialcharts.com/songs/victor-ray-comfortable/ |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=Official Charts |language=en}}</ref> Mu mwezi Ogwomukaaga mu mwaka gwa 2024, Ray yafulumya oluyimba lwe olw'okussatu EP, NAGEZAAKO''..'', olwayongeza obuvumu n'obukodyo bwe mukuwandiika ennyimba.Era EP yafulumya "Comfortable" nga oluyimba olukulembera n'egatako ennyimba ezadibwamu, "Falling Into Place,"olwayimbibwa omuyimbi ayitibwa Debbie.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Damara Kelly |first=Tyler |date=2024-05-16 |title=Victor Ray releases new single "Falling Into Place" featuring Debbie |url=https://www.thelineofbestfit.com/news/victor-ray-releases-new-single-falling-into-place-featuring-debbie |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=The Line of Best Fit |language=en-US}}</ref> Mu mwaka gwa 2025, Ray yagobererwa ne NJA ''(I WILL).'', eyafulumiziddwa ng’eyita mu Decca/Capitol.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Forrest |first=Jo |date=2025-04-11 |title=Victor Ray releases New EP and Single |url=https://www.totalntertainment.com/music/victor-ray-releases-new-ep-and-single/ |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=TotalNtertainment |language=en-GB}}</ref> Era EP eno yayimbibwa yoka "Hearts Break and People Change" n'oluyimba olugatibwamu hip-hop "Sticks & Stones", nga lulimu abayimbi Abagereza Kojey Radical ne Strandz.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Damara Kelly |first=Tyler |date=2024-11-18 |title=Victor Ray links up with Strandz and Kojey Radical on new single, "Sticks & Stones" |url=https://www.thelineofbestfit.com/news/victor-ray-links-up-with-strandz-and-kojey-radical-on-new-single-sticks-stones |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=The Line of Best Fit |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2024-11-15 |title=Victor Ray, Strandz & Kojey Radical unite for "Sticks & Stones" |url=https://grmdaily.com/victor-ray-strandz-kojey-radical-sticks-stones/ |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=GRM Daily |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-12-18 |title=Sticks & Stones ft. Kojey Radical & Strandz |url=https://www.recordoftheday.com/on-the-move/record/victor-ray/sticks-stones-ft-kojey-radical--strandz |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=Record of the Day}}</ref> Ray yategeeza nti yali akola ku lutambi lwe olusooka olujjuvu, olusuubirwa mu mwaka gwa 2026.<ref name=":5" /> Mu Gwekkuminoogumu mu mwaka gwa 2025, Ray yafuna oluyimba lwe olwasooka mu UK Top 40 eziyimbidwa omuyimbi yeka bwe yafulumya "You & I", n'atuuka ku ntikko ya nnamba Abirimu mwenda (29) ku mukutu gwa [[:en:UK_singles_chart|UK Official Singles Chart]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-11-20 |title=YOU & I |url=https://www.officialcharts.com/songs/victor-ray-you-i/ |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=Official Charts |language=en}}</ref> == Ennyimba ze == === Alubaamu z'ennyimba === NZE NDI. MIXTAPE (2026) === EPs === * Nali. (2023) * nawulira. (2023) * NNAGEZAAKO. (2024) * NJA. (2025) === Ennyimba z'eyayimba yeka === * Ekituli (2022) . * Akatono Okukendeera Okwewummuza (2022) * Nga Omwezi (2023) * Okuva ku bbalansi (2023) * Kifiiriza Buli Kimu Kyokka (2023) * Sigala okumala Akaseera (2023) * Ebikuta ne Smoothie (2023) * Obuweerero (2024) * Ekitundu ky'ekkubo (2024) * Okugwa mu kifo ft. Debbie (2024) . * Nakati Kyekimu (2024) * Emiggo n'amayinja (2024) * Emitima gimenyeka n'abantu ne bakyuka (2025) * Ensi Ku Bigere Byange (2025) * Ebisiigibwa (2025) * Ggwe & Nze (2025) == Ebijuliziddwa == <references /> [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] g6vnrz8hltbpv0i5q66fb8l90d48q1v 48657 48656 2026-05-02T22:14:38Z 24RAY 11014 correction 48657 wikitext text/x-wiki '''<big>Victor Ray</big>''' Munnayuganda-omungereza, muyimbi era muwandiisi wa nnyimba.<ref name=":6">{{Cite web |last=Fofana |first=Oumou |date=2024-03-24 |title=The Rise of Victor Ray from Busker to Breakout Artist |url=https://www.bet.com/article/vkupn2/the-rise-of-victor-ray-from-busker-to-breakout-artist |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=BET |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Bardsley |first=Miranda |date=2024-01-30 |title=Decca signs London-based rising star Victor Ray |url=https://www.musicweek.com/labels/read/decca-signs-london-based-rising-star-victor-ray/089184 |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=Music Week |language=en}}</ref> Yafuna ettutumu n'oluyimba lwe olwafuluma mu mwaka gwa 2024 olwa "Comfortable", wamu n'oluyimba lwa "Stay for a While" ne "It Only Cost Everything".<ref name=":1">{{Cite news|last=Morris|first=Damien|date=2024-06-22|title=One to watch: Victor Ray|url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/article/2024/jun/22/one-to-watch-victor-ray|access-date=2025-12-09|work=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=O’Connor |first=Roisin |date=2024-12-31 |title=From dark alt-pop to mind-melting techno-rock, the 10 acts to look out for in 2025 |url=https://www.the-independent.com/arts-entertainment/music/features/ones-to-watch-2025-lola-young-victor-ray-luvcat-b2667505.html |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> muziki wa Ray atabudwamu soulful R&B ne pop asikiriza amaloboozi egenjawulo nga bweganyonyolwa agamanyi naye nga makaka.<ref name=":1" />Oluvannyuma lw'okusooka okuzimba abagoberezi ng'ayita mu busking n'emitimbagano, Ray yakola endagaano ne Decca Records mu mwaka gwa 2024.<ref name=":7">{{Cite web |last=Wehner |first=Cyclone |date=2025-03-28 |title=Victor Ray On His Debut Australian Tour: 'It's Quite A Soulful Experience; It's Very Raw' |url=https://themusic.com.au/features/victor-ray-i-am-australian-tour-interview/2CZmys3Mz84/28-03-25 |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=The Music |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0" /><ref name=":3">{{Cite web |date=2024-01-30 |title=Victor Ray signs to Decca |url=https://www.recordoftheday.com/news-and-press/victor-raysigns-to-decca |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=Record of the Day}}</ref> == Obuto bwe == Victor Ray yazaalibwa mukibuga kya uganda ekikulu Kampala era basengukira e Newcastle ne famire ye mu Bungereza ng’alina omwaka gumu.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Kawashima |first=Dale |date=2025-05-02 |title=Victor Ray Interview – U.K. R&B/Soul Singer & Songwriter |url=https://www.songwriteruniverse.com/victor-ray-singer-songs-i-will/ |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=Songwriter Universe |language=en-US}}</ref> Ray yafuna okwagala omuziki nga kyali, ng'ekimu ku bijjukizo mu muziki ekyasooka kwe kuzinira ku "Dancing Queen" ya ABBA ng'akyali mwana muto.<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=Dunn-Christensen |first=Millie |date=2025-01-25 |title=2025 Artists to Watch Digital Cover – Victor Ray |url=https://notion.online/amazon-music-uk-2025-artists-to-watch-digital-cover-victor-ray/ |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=Notion |language=en-GB}}</ref> Ku myaka mukaaga, ya yolesa ekitone kye mulujudde ku kivvulu ky'esomero ekya Ssekukkulu, n'ayimba edoboozi erya muleetera okwagala okuyimba.<ref name=":4" /> Ray yakula ng’awuliriza ebika by'omuziki bingi, omuli pop, soul, R&B, hip-hop, ne rock, era naddala yakwatibwako abayimbi nga [[:en:J._Cole|J. Cole]] ne [[:en:Usher_(musician)|Usher]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Whelan |first=Leonie |date=2024-06-19 |title=Victor Ray & Teddy Swims' Street Corner Cover of "Crazy" WILL Give You GOOSEBUMPS |url=https://www.themusicman.uk/victor-ray-teddy-swims/ |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=The Music Man |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref name=":6" /> Ng'akyali mu myaka gy'e gy'ekumi, yayiga okukozesa guitar era n'atandika okuyimba ku sets ku mabbaala g'oku kitundu, embaga n'ekiro eky'okuggulawo mic, n'okudamu ennyimba okuva ku Whitney Houston ballads okutuuka ku nnyimba za pop-rock eza bbandi nga [[:en:Wheatus|Wheatus]].<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":7" /> == Ekika ky'ennyimba n'ebisikiriza == Ray ayogedde ku muziki gwe nti gusibuka mu buntu, emboozi ezikwata ku bulamu bwe, ng’asinziira ku bintu bya soul, R&B, ne pop ey’omulembe.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Phillips |first=Aimee |date=2024-07-22 |title=Victor Ray Interview: 'I'm excited to really push the boundaries' |url=https://principlemagazine.com/2024/07/22/victor-ray/ |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=Principle Magazine |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Haylette |first=Charlene |date=2024-12-02 |title=Cover Story With Victor Ray |url=https://www.theblkbrit.com/editorials/issue-002-cover-story-with-victor-ray |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=BLK BRIT |language=en-US}}</ref> Abadde ajuliza abayimbi nga [[:en:Ed_Sheeran|Ed Sheeran]], [[:en:Donny_Hathaway|Donny Hathaway]], [[:en:Michael_Jackson|Michael Jackson]] ne Usher ng'abakulu abakwata ku kuwandiika ennyimba ze n'engeri y'amaloboozi.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kylene |first=Jazmin |date=2024-08-12 |title=Next Wave #1184: Victor Ray |url=https://www.clashmusic.com/next-wave/next-wave-1184-victor-ray/ |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=Clash Magazine |language=en-GB}}</ref> Ray ayogedde ku kigendererwa kye eky'okugaziya okukiikirira abayimbi abaddugavu b'e Bungereza mu muzannyo gwa Pop ogwa bulijjo okusukka okussa essira ku rap oba grime, abawagizi bamulaba nga akoze enyo okukyusa "n'okumenyawo" eby'abantu mukisawe kyokuyimba.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /> == Emirimu gye == Oluvannyuma lw’okumaliriza okusoma kwe mu Newcastle, Ray yategeka okwegata ku yunivasite. Olw’okusubwa obubonero obwetaagisa mu kkoosi gye yalonda mu neyisa yabantu n'ebitundu byabwe (sociology),<ref>{{Cite web |last=Long |first=Jen |date=2023-08-30 |title=Victor Ray is on the rise – Interview |url=https://www.thelineofbestfit.com/features/interviews/victor-ray-on-the-rise |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=The Line of Best Fit |language=en-US}}</ref> mu kifo ky’ekyo essira yaliteka nyo ku muziki, n'okuyimba mulujudde ku nguudo.<ref name=":4" /> Maama we yamukubiriza okutwala okuyimba ng'ensonga enkulu enyo, ekyamuleetera okwewandiisa mu ttendekero ly'ennyimba mu Bungereza ne Irish Modern Music Institute e London.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-03-20 |title=BIMM graduate Victor Ray joins Teddy Swims for sold-out tour |url=https://www.bimm.ac.uk/news/bimm-graduate-victor-ray-joins-teddy-swims-for-sold-out-tour/ |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=BIMM Music Institute |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":7" /> Ku nkomerero y'omwaka 2021, akatambi ka Ray ng'ayimba oluyimba lwa Hozier olwa "Take Me to Church", olwakwatibwa ku luguudo, kaasaasaana ku mukutu gwa TikTok, n'okutumbula ekifananyi kye kumikutu gy'amugata bantu awamu n'abawagizi be.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Borkowski |first=Callum |date=2025-05-20 |title=Newcastle's own Victor Ray on his journey from Northumberland Street busking to touring with Teddy Swims |url=https://www.thecourieronline.co.uk/newcastles-own-victor-ray-on-his-journey-from-northumberland-street-busking-to-touring-with-teddy-swims/ |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=The Courier |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Charlton |first=Stephen |date=2023-08-02 |title=Busker Stops The Street With Incredible Soulful Cover Of "Take Me To Church" |url=https://www.themusicman.uk/victor-ray/ |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=The Music Man |language=en-GB}}</ref> Ku ntandikwa y'omwaka 2023, Ray nga yeetongodde yafulumya EP ye eyasooka ''nali.''. Yagoberera mu Gwomwenda mu mwaka gwa 2023 ne EP eyookubiri, ''nawulira.'', nga mulimu n'ennyimba z'eyayimba yeka "Popcorn ne a Smoothie," oluyimba olukwata ku kitaawe.<ref name=":4" /> Obumanyirivu bwa Ray bw'eyongera n'obuwanguzi obwawagulu ekyaletera okugulawo emikisa mu makampuni amanene, nga Decca Records okulangirira nti baakoola naye endagano mu mwezi Ogwolubereberye mu mwaka gwa 2024.<ref name=":3" /> Oluyimba lwe olwasooka okufuluma ku Decca lwe yayimba yeka "Comfortable", olwafuna obukadde n'obukadde bw'abayimbi oluvannyuma lw'okutekebwa ku mikutu mugata bantu(social media),<ref name=":3" /> n'etuuka ku nnamba Nkaaga mubiri (62) ku mukutu gwa [[:en:UK_singles_chart|UK Official Singles Chart]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-01-25 |title=COMFORTABLE |url=https://www.officialcharts.com/songs/victor-ray-comfortable/ |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=Official Charts |language=en}}</ref> Mu mwezi Ogwomukaaga mu mwaka gwa 2024, Ray yafulumya oluyimba lwe olw'okussatu EP, ''I TRIED..'', olwayongeza obuvumu n'obukodyo bwe mukuwandiika ennyimba.Era EP yafulumya "Comfortable" nga oluyimba olukulembera n'egatako ennyimba ezadibwamu, "Falling Into Place,"olwayimbibwa omuyimbi ayitibwa Debbie.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Damara Kelly |first=Tyler |date=2024-05-16 |title=Victor Ray releases new single "Falling Into Place" featuring Debbie |url=https://www.thelineofbestfit.com/news/victor-ray-releases-new-single-falling-into-place-featuring-debbie |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=The Line of Best Fit |language=en-US}}</ref> Mu mwaka gwa 2025, Ray yagobererwa ne NJA ''(I WILL).'', eyafulumiziddwa ng’eyita mu Decca/Capitol.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Forrest |first=Jo |date=2025-04-11 |title=Victor Ray releases New EP and Single |url=https://www.totalntertainment.com/music/victor-ray-releases-new-ep-and-single/ |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=TotalNtertainment |language=en-GB}}</ref> Era EP eno yayimbibwa yoka "Hearts Break and People Change" n'oluyimba olugatibwamu hip-hop "Sticks & Stones", nga lulimu abayimbi Abagereza Kojey Radical ne Strandz.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Damara Kelly |first=Tyler |date=2024-11-18 |title=Victor Ray links up with Strandz and Kojey Radical on new single, "Sticks & Stones" |url=https://www.thelineofbestfit.com/news/victor-ray-links-up-with-strandz-and-kojey-radical-on-new-single-sticks-stones |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=The Line of Best Fit |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2024-11-15 |title=Victor Ray, Strandz & Kojey Radical unite for "Sticks & Stones" |url=https://grmdaily.com/victor-ray-strandz-kojey-radical-sticks-stones/ |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=GRM Daily |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-12-18 |title=Sticks & Stones ft. Kojey Radical & Strandz |url=https://www.recordoftheday.com/on-the-move/record/victor-ray/sticks-stones-ft-kojey-radical--strandz |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=Record of the Day}}</ref> Ray yategeeza nti yali akola ku lutambi lwe olusooka olujjuvu, olusuubirwa mu mwaka gwa 2026.<ref name=":5" /> Mu Gwekkuminoogumu mu mwaka gwa 2025, Ray yafuna oluyimba lwe olwasooka mu UK Top 40 eziyimbidwa omuyimbi yeka bwe yafulumya "You & I", n'atuuka ku ntikko ya nnamba Abirimu mwenda (29) ku mukutu gwa [[:en:UK_singles_chart|UK Official Singles Chart]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-11-20 |title=YOU & I |url=https://www.officialcharts.com/songs/victor-ray-you-i/ |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=Official Charts |language=en}}</ref> == Ennyimba ze == === Alubaamu z'ennyimba === NZE NDI. MIXTAPE (2026) === EPs === * Nali. (2023) * nawulira. (2023) * NNAGEZAAKO. (2024) * NJA. (2025) === Ennyimba z'eyayimba yeka === * Ekituli (2022) . * Akatono Okukendeera Okwewummuza (2022) * Nga Omwezi (2023) * Okuva ku bbalansi (2023) * Kifiiriza Buli Kimu Kyokka (2023) * Sigala okumala Akaseera (2023) * Ebikuta ne Smoothie (2023) * Obuweerero (2024) * Ekitundu ky'ekkubo (2024) * Okugwa mu kifo ft. Debbie (2024) . * Nakati Kyekimu (2024) * Emiggo n'amayinja (2024) * Emitima gimenyeka n'abantu ne bakyuka (2025) * Ensi Ku Bigere Byange (2025) * Ebisiigibwa (2025) * Ggwe & Nze (2025) == Ebijuliziddwa == <references /> [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] a6itmxlgnklsozqnrwfusw8ahxoxxlz 48658 48657 2026-05-02T22:17:06Z 24RAY 11014 correction 48658 wikitext text/x-wiki '''<big>Victor Ray</big>''' Munnayuganda-omungereza, muyimbi era muwandiisi wa nnyimba.<ref name=":6">{{Cite web |last=Fofana |first=Oumou |date=2024-03-24 |title=The Rise of Victor Ray from Busker to Breakout Artist |url=https://www.bet.com/article/vkupn2/the-rise-of-victor-ray-from-busker-to-breakout-artist |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=BET |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Bardsley |first=Miranda |date=2024-01-30 |title=Decca signs London-based rising star Victor Ray |url=https://www.musicweek.com/labels/read/decca-signs-london-based-rising-star-victor-ray/089184 |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=Music Week |language=en}}</ref> Yafuna ettutumu n'oluyimba lwe olwafuluma mu mwaka gwa 2024 olwa "Comfortable", wamu n'oluyimba lwa "Stay for a While" ne "It Only Cost Everything".<ref name=":1">{{Cite news|last=Morris|first=Damien|date=2024-06-22|title=One to watch: Victor Ray|url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/article/2024/jun/22/one-to-watch-victor-ray|access-date=2025-12-09|work=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=O’Connor |first=Roisin |date=2024-12-31 |title=From dark alt-pop to mind-melting techno-rock, the 10 acts to look out for in 2025 |url=https://www.the-independent.com/arts-entertainment/music/features/ones-to-watch-2025-lola-young-victor-ray-luvcat-b2667505.html |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> muziki wa Ray atabudwamu soulful R&B ne pop asikiriza amaloboozi egenjawulo nga bweganyonyolwa agamanyi naye nga makaka.<ref name=":1" />Oluvannyuma lw'okusooka okuzimba abagoberezi ng'ayita mu busking n'emitimbagano, Ray yakola endagaano ne Decca Records mu mwaka gwa 2024.<ref name=":7">{{Cite web |last=Wehner |first=Cyclone |date=2025-03-28 |title=Victor Ray On His Debut Australian Tour: 'It's Quite A Soulful Experience; It's Very Raw' |url=https://themusic.com.au/features/victor-ray-i-am-australian-tour-interview/2CZmys3Mz84/28-03-25 |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=The Music |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0" /><ref name=":3">{{Cite web |date=2024-01-30 |title=Victor Ray signs to Decca |url=https://www.recordoftheday.com/news-and-press/victor-raysigns-to-decca |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=Record of the Day}}</ref> == Obuto bwe == Victor Ray yazaalibwa mukibuga kya uganda ekikulu Kampala era basengukira e Newcastle ne famire ye mu Bungereza ng’alina omwaka gumu.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Kawashima |first=Dale |date=2025-05-02 |title=Victor Ray Interview – U.K. R&B/Soul Singer & Songwriter |url=https://www.songwriteruniverse.com/victor-ray-singer-songs-i-will/ |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=Songwriter Universe |language=en-US}}</ref> Ray yafuna okwagala omuziki nga kyali, ng'ekimu ku bijjukizo mu muziki ekyasooka kwe kuzinira ku "Dancing Queen" ya ABBA ng'akyali mwana muto.<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=Dunn-Christensen |first=Millie |date=2025-01-25 |title=2025 Artists to Watch Digital Cover – Victor Ray |url=https://notion.online/amazon-music-uk-2025-artists-to-watch-digital-cover-victor-ray/ |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=Notion |language=en-GB}}</ref> Ku myaka mukaaga, ya yolesa ekitone kye mulujudde ku kivvulu ky'esomero ekya Ssekukkulu, n'ayimba edoboozi erya muleetera okwagala okuyimba.<ref name=":4" /> Ray yakula ng’awuliriza ebika by'omuziki bingi, omuli pop, soul, R&B, hip-hop, ne rock, era naddala yakwatibwako abayimbi nga [[:en:J._Cole|J. Cole]] ne [[:en:Usher_(musician)|Usher]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Whelan |first=Leonie |date=2024-06-19 |title=Victor Ray & Teddy Swims' Street Corner Cover of "Crazy" WILL Give You GOOSEBUMPS |url=https://www.themusicman.uk/victor-ray-teddy-swims/ |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=The Music Man |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref name=":6" /> Ng'akyali mu myaka gy'e gy'ekumi, yayiga okukozesa guitar era n'atandika okuyimba ku sets ku mabbaala g'oku kitundu, embaga n'ekiro eky'okuggulawo mic, n'okudamu ennyimba okuva ku Whitney Houston ballads okutuuka ku nnyimba za pop-rock eza bbandi nga [[:en:Wheatus|Wheatus]].<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":7" /> == Ekika ky'ennyimba n'ebisikiriza == Ray ayogedde ku muziki gwe nti gusibuka mu buntu, emboozi ezikwata ku bulamu bwe, ng’asinziira ku bintu bya soul, R&B, ne pop ey’omulembe.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Phillips |first=Aimee |date=2024-07-22 |title=Victor Ray Interview: 'I'm excited to really push the boundaries' |url=https://principlemagazine.com/2024/07/22/victor-ray/ |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=Principle Magazine |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Haylette |first=Charlene |date=2024-12-02 |title=Cover Story With Victor Ray |url=https://www.theblkbrit.com/editorials/issue-002-cover-story-with-victor-ray |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=BLK BRIT |language=en-US}}</ref> Abadde ajuliza abayimbi nga [[:en:Ed_Sheeran|Ed Sheeran]], [[:en:Donny_Hathaway|Donny Hathaway]], [[:en:Michael_Jackson|Michael Jackson]] ne Usher ng'abakulu abakwata ku kuwandiika ennyimba ze n'engeri y'amaloboozi.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kylene |first=Jazmin |date=2024-08-12 |title=Next Wave #1184: Victor Ray |url=https://www.clashmusic.com/next-wave/next-wave-1184-victor-ray/ |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=Clash Magazine |language=en-GB}}</ref> Ray ayogedde ku kigendererwa kye eky'okugaziya okukiikirira abayimbi abaddugavu b'e Bungereza mu muzannyo gwa Pop ogwa bulijjo okusukka okussa essira ku rap oba grime, abawagizi bamulaba nga akoze enyo okukyusa "n'okumenyawo" eby'abantu mukisawe kyokuyimba.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /> == Emirimu gye == Oluvannyuma lw’okumaliriza okusoma kwe mu Newcastle, Ray yategeka okwegata ku yunivasite. Olw’okusubwa obubonero obwetaagisa mu kkoosi gye yalonda mu neyisa yabantu n'ebitundu byabwe (sociology),<ref>{{Cite web |last=Long |first=Jen |date=2023-08-30 |title=Victor Ray is on the rise – Interview |url=https://www.thelineofbestfit.com/features/interviews/victor-ray-on-the-rise |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=The Line of Best Fit |language=en-US}}</ref> mu kifo ky’ekyo essira yaliteka nyo ku muziki, n'okuyimba mulujudde ku nguudo.<ref name=":4" /> Maama we yamukubiriza okutwala okuyimba ng'ensonga enkulu enyo, ekyamuleetera okwewandiisa mu ttendekero ly'ennyimba mu Bungereza ne Irish Modern Music Institute e London.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-03-20 |title=BIMM graduate Victor Ray joins Teddy Swims for sold-out tour |url=https://www.bimm.ac.uk/news/bimm-graduate-victor-ray-joins-teddy-swims-for-sold-out-tour/ |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=BIMM Music Institute |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":7" /> Ku nkomerero y'omwaka 2021, akatambi ka Ray ng'ayimba oluyimba lwa Hozier olwa "Take Me to Church", olwakwatibwa ku luguudo, kaasaasaana ku mukutu gwa TikTok, n'okutumbula ekifananyi kye kumikutu gy'amugata bantu awamu n'abawagizi be.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Borkowski |first=Callum |date=2025-05-20 |title=Newcastle's own Victor Ray on his journey from Northumberland Street busking to touring with Teddy Swims |url=https://www.thecourieronline.co.uk/newcastles-own-victor-ray-on-his-journey-from-northumberland-street-busking-to-touring-with-teddy-swims/ |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=The Courier |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Charlton |first=Stephen |date=2023-08-02 |title=Busker Stops The Street With Incredible Soulful Cover Of "Take Me To Church" |url=https://www.themusicman.uk/victor-ray/ |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=The Music Man |language=en-GB}}</ref> Ku ntandikwa y'omwaka 2023, Ray nga yeetongodde yafulumya EP ye eyasooka ''i was.''. Yagoberera mu Gwomwenda mu mwaka gwa 2023 ne EP eyookubiri, ''nawulira.'', nga mulimu n'ennyimba z'eyayimba yeka "Popcorn ne a Smoothie," oluyimba olukwata ku kitaawe.<ref name=":4" /> Obumanyirivu bwa Ray bw'eyongera n'obuwanguzi obwawagulu ekyaletera okugulawo emikisa mu makampuni amanene, nga Decca Records okulangirira nti baakoola naye endagano mu mwezi Ogwolubereberye mu mwaka gwa 2024.<ref name=":3" /> Oluyimba lwe olwasooka okufuluma ku Decca lwe yayimba yeka "Comfortable", olwafuna obukadde n'obukadde bw'abayimbi oluvannyuma lw'okutekebwa ku mikutu mugata bantu(social media),<ref name=":3" /> n'etuuka ku nnamba Nkaaga mubiri (62) ku mukutu gwa [[:en:UK_singles_chart|UK Official Singles Chart]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-01-25 |title=COMFORTABLE |url=https://www.officialcharts.com/songs/victor-ray-comfortable/ |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=Official Charts |language=en}}</ref> Mu mwezi Ogwomukaaga mu mwaka gwa 2024, Ray yafulumya oluyimba lwe olw'okussatu EP, ''I TRIED..'', olwayongeza obuvumu n'obukodyo bwe mukuwandiika ennyimba.Era EP yafulumya "Comfortable" nga oluyimba olukulembera n'egatako ennyimba ezadibwamu, "Falling Into Place,"olwayimbibwa omuyimbi ayitibwa Debbie.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Damara Kelly |first=Tyler |date=2024-05-16 |title=Victor Ray releases new single "Falling Into Place" featuring Debbie |url=https://www.thelineofbestfit.com/news/victor-ray-releases-new-single-falling-into-place-featuring-debbie |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=The Line of Best Fit |language=en-US}}</ref> Mu mwaka gwa 2025, Ray yagobererwa ne NJA ''(I WILL).'', eyafulumiziddwa ng’eyita mu Decca/Capitol.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Forrest |first=Jo |date=2025-04-11 |title=Victor Ray releases New EP and Single |url=https://www.totalntertainment.com/music/victor-ray-releases-new-ep-and-single/ |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=TotalNtertainment |language=en-GB}}</ref> Era EP eno yayimbibwa yoka "Hearts Break and People Change" n'oluyimba olugatibwamu hip-hop "Sticks & Stones", nga lulimu abayimbi Abagereza Kojey Radical ne Strandz.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Damara Kelly |first=Tyler |date=2024-11-18 |title=Victor Ray links up with Strandz and Kojey Radical on new single, "Sticks & Stones" |url=https://www.thelineofbestfit.com/news/victor-ray-links-up-with-strandz-and-kojey-radical-on-new-single-sticks-stones |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=The Line of Best Fit |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2024-11-15 |title=Victor Ray, Strandz & Kojey Radical unite for "Sticks & Stones" |url=https://grmdaily.com/victor-ray-strandz-kojey-radical-sticks-stones/ |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=GRM Daily |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-12-18 |title=Sticks & Stones ft. Kojey Radical & Strandz |url=https://www.recordoftheday.com/on-the-move/record/victor-ray/sticks-stones-ft-kojey-radical--strandz |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=Record of the Day}}</ref> Ray yategeeza nti yali akola ku lutambi lwe olusooka olujjuvu, olusuubirwa mu mwaka gwa 2026.<ref name=":5" /> Mu Gwekkuminoogumu mu mwaka gwa 2025, Ray yafuna oluyimba lwe olwasooka mu UK Top 40 eziyimbidwa omuyimbi yeka bwe yafulumya "You & I", n'atuuka ku ntikko ya nnamba Abirimu mwenda (29) ku mukutu gwa [[:en:UK_singles_chart|UK Official Singles Chart]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-11-20 |title=YOU & I |url=https://www.officialcharts.com/songs/victor-ray-you-i/ |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=Official Charts |language=en}}</ref> == Ennyimba ze == === Alubaamu z'ennyimba === NZE NDI. MIXTAPE (2026) === EPs === * Nali. (2023) * nawulira. (2023) * NNAGEZAAKO. (2024) * NJA. (2025) === Ennyimba z'eyayimba yeka === * Ekituli (2022) . * Akatono Okukendeera Okwewummuza (2022) * Nga Omwezi (2023) * Okuva ku bbalansi (2023) * Kifiiriza Buli Kimu Kyokka (2023) * Sigala okumala Akaseera (2023) * Ebikuta ne Smoothie (2023) * Obuweerero (2024) * Ekitundu ky'ekkubo (2024) * Okugwa mu kifo ft. Debbie (2024) . * Nakati Kyekimu (2024) * Emiggo n'amayinja (2024) * Emitima gimenyeka n'abantu ne bakyuka (2025) * Ensi Ku Bigere Byange (2025) * Ebisiigibwa (2025) * Ggwe & Nze (2025) == Ebijuliziddwa == <references /> [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 1a0fvqep5ydyvipo8anj6030mka8dv8 48659 48658 2026-05-02T22:19:27Z 24RAY 11014 correction 48659 wikitext text/x-wiki '''<big>Victor Ray</big>''' Munnayuganda-omungereza, muyimbi era muwandiisi wa nnyimba.<ref name=":6">{{Cite web |last=Fofana |first=Oumou |date=2024-03-24 |title=The Rise of Victor Ray from Busker to Breakout Artist |url=https://www.bet.com/article/vkupn2/the-rise-of-victor-ray-from-busker-to-breakout-artist |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=BET |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Bardsley |first=Miranda |date=2024-01-30 |title=Decca signs London-based rising star Victor Ray |url=https://www.musicweek.com/labels/read/decca-signs-london-based-rising-star-victor-ray/089184 |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=Music Week |language=en}}</ref> Yafuna ettutumu n'oluyimba lwe olwafuluma mu mwaka gwa 2024 olwa "Comfortable", wamu n'oluyimba lwa "Stay for a While" ne "It Only Cost Everything".<ref name=":1">{{Cite news|last=Morris|first=Damien|date=2024-06-22|title=One to watch: Victor Ray|url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/article/2024/jun/22/one-to-watch-victor-ray|access-date=2025-12-09|work=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=O’Connor |first=Roisin |date=2024-12-31 |title=From dark alt-pop to mind-melting techno-rock, the 10 acts to look out for in 2025 |url=https://www.the-independent.com/arts-entertainment/music/features/ones-to-watch-2025-lola-young-victor-ray-luvcat-b2667505.html |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> muziki wa Ray atabudwamu soulful R&B ne pop asikiriza amaloboozi egenjawulo nga bweganyonyolwa agamanyi naye nga makaka.<ref name=":1" />Oluvannyuma lw'okusooka okuzimba abagoberezi ng'ayita mu busking n'emitimbagano, Ray yakola endagaano ne Decca Records mu mwaka gwa 2024.<ref name=":7">{{Cite web |last=Wehner |first=Cyclone |date=2025-03-28 |title=Victor Ray On His Debut Australian Tour: 'It's Quite A Soulful Experience; It's Very Raw' |url=https://themusic.com.au/features/victor-ray-i-am-australian-tour-interview/2CZmys3Mz84/28-03-25 |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=The Music |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0" /><ref name=":3">{{Cite web |date=2024-01-30 |title=Victor Ray signs to Decca |url=https://www.recordoftheday.com/news-and-press/victor-raysigns-to-decca |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=Record of the Day}}</ref> == Obuto bwe == Victor Ray yazaalibwa mukibuga kya uganda ekikulu Kampala era basengukira e Newcastle ne famire ye mu Bungereza ng’alina omwaka gumu.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Kawashima |first=Dale |date=2025-05-02 |title=Victor Ray Interview – U.K. R&B/Soul Singer & Songwriter |url=https://www.songwriteruniverse.com/victor-ray-singer-songs-i-will/ |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=Songwriter Universe |language=en-US}}</ref> Ray yafuna okwagala omuziki nga kyali, ng'ekimu ku bijjukizo mu muziki ekyasooka kwe kuzinira ku "Dancing Queen" ya ABBA ng'akyali mwana muto.<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=Dunn-Christensen |first=Millie |date=2025-01-25 |title=2025 Artists to Watch Digital Cover – Victor Ray |url=https://notion.online/amazon-music-uk-2025-artists-to-watch-digital-cover-victor-ray/ |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=Notion |language=en-GB}}</ref> Ku myaka mukaaga, ya yolesa ekitone kye mulujudde ku kivvulu ky'esomero ekya Ssekukkulu, n'ayimba edoboozi erya muleetera okwagala okuyimba.<ref name=":4" /> Ray yakula ng’awuliriza ebika by'omuziki bingi, omuli pop, soul, R&B, hip-hop, ne rock, era naddala yakwatibwako abayimbi nga [[:en:J._Cole|J. Cole]] ne [[:en:Usher_(musician)|Usher]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Whelan |first=Leonie |date=2024-06-19 |title=Victor Ray & Teddy Swims' Street Corner Cover of "Crazy" WILL Give You GOOSEBUMPS |url=https://www.themusicman.uk/victor-ray-teddy-swims/ |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=The Music Man |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref name=":6" /> Ng'akyali mu myaka gy'e gy'ekumi, yayiga okukozesa guitar era n'atandika okuyimba ku sets ku mabbaala g'oku kitundu, embaga n'ekiro eky'okuggulawo mic, n'okudamu ennyimba okuva ku Whitney Houston ballads okutuuka ku nnyimba za pop-rock eza bbandi nga [[:en:Wheatus|Wheatus]].<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":7" /> == Ekika ky'ennyimba n'ebisikiriza == Ray ayogedde ku muziki gwe nti gusibuka mu buntu, emboozi ezikwata ku bulamu bwe, ng’asinziira ku bintu bya soul, R&B, ne pop ey’omulembe.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Phillips |first=Aimee |date=2024-07-22 |title=Victor Ray Interview: 'I'm excited to really push the boundaries' |url=https://principlemagazine.com/2024/07/22/victor-ray/ |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=Principle Magazine |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Haylette |first=Charlene |date=2024-12-02 |title=Cover Story With Victor Ray |url=https://www.theblkbrit.com/editorials/issue-002-cover-story-with-victor-ray |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=BLK BRIT |language=en-US}}</ref> Abadde ajuliza abayimbi nga [[:en:Ed_Sheeran|Ed Sheeran]], [[:en:Donny_Hathaway|Donny Hathaway]], [[:en:Michael_Jackson|Michael Jackson]] ne Usher ng'abakulu abakwata ku kuwandiika ennyimba ze n'engeri y'amaloboozi.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kylene |first=Jazmin |date=2024-08-12 |title=Next Wave #1184: Victor Ray |url=https://www.clashmusic.com/next-wave/next-wave-1184-victor-ray/ |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=Clash Magazine |language=en-GB}}</ref> Ray ayogedde ku kigendererwa kye eky'okugaziya okukiikirira abayimbi abaddugavu b'e Bungereza mu muzannyo gwa Pop ogwa bulijjo okusukka okussa essira ku rap oba grime, abawagizi bamulaba nga akoze enyo okukyusa "n'okumenyawo" eby'abantu mukisawe kyokuyimba.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /> == Emirimu gye == Oluvannyuma lw’okumaliriza okusoma kwe mu Newcastle, Ray yategeka okwegata ku yunivasite. Olw’okusubwa obubonero obwetaagisa mu kkoosi gye yalonda mu neyisa yabantu n'ebitundu byabwe (sociology),<ref>{{Cite web |last=Long |first=Jen |date=2023-08-30 |title=Victor Ray is on the rise – Interview |url=https://www.thelineofbestfit.com/features/interviews/victor-ray-on-the-rise |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=The Line of Best Fit |language=en-US}}</ref> mu kifo ky’ekyo essira yaliteka nyo ku muziki, n'okuyimba mulujudde ku nguudo.<ref name=":4" /> Maama we yamukubiriza okutwala okuyimba ng'ensonga enkulu enyo, ekyamuleetera okwewandiisa mu ttendekero ly'ennyimba mu Bungereza ne Irish Modern Music Institute e London.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-03-20 |title=BIMM graduate Victor Ray joins Teddy Swims for sold-out tour |url=https://www.bimm.ac.uk/news/bimm-graduate-victor-ray-joins-teddy-swims-for-sold-out-tour/ |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=BIMM Music Institute |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":7" /> Ku nkomerero y'omwaka 2021, akatambi ka Ray ng'ayimba oluyimba lwa Hozier olwa "Take Me to Church", olwakwatibwa ku luguudo, kaasaasaana ku mukutu gwa TikTok, n'okutumbula ekifananyi kye kumikutu gy'amugata bantu awamu n'abawagizi be.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Borkowski |first=Callum |date=2025-05-20 |title=Newcastle's own Victor Ray on his journey from Northumberland Street busking to touring with Teddy Swims |url=https://www.thecourieronline.co.uk/newcastles-own-victor-ray-on-his-journey-from-northumberland-street-busking-to-touring-with-teddy-swims/ |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=The Courier |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Charlton |first=Stephen |date=2023-08-02 |title=Busker Stops The Street With Incredible Soulful Cover Of "Take Me To Church" |url=https://www.themusicman.uk/victor-ray/ |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=The Music Man |language=en-GB}}</ref> Ku ntandikwa y'omwaka 2023, Ray nga yeetongodde yafulumya EP ye eyasooka ''i was.''. Yagoberera mu Gwomwenda mu mwaka gwa 2023 ne EP eyookubiri, ''i felt.'', nga mulimu n'ennyimba z'eyayimba yeka "Popcorn ne a Smoothie," oluyimba olukwata ku kitaawe.<ref name=":4" /> Obumanyirivu bwa Ray bw'eyongera n'obuwanguzi obwawagulu ekyaletera okugulawo emikisa mu makampuni amanene, nga Decca Records okulangirira nti baakoola naye endagano mu mwezi Ogwolubereberye mu mwaka gwa 2024.<ref name=":3" /> Oluyimba lwe olwasooka okufuluma ku Decca lwe yayimba yeka "Comfortable", olwafuna obukadde n'obukadde bw'abayimbi oluvannyuma lw'okutekebwa ku mikutu mugata bantu(social media),<ref name=":3" /> n'etuuka ku nnamba Nkaaga mubiri (62) ku mukutu gwa [[:en:UK_singles_chart|UK Official Singles Chart]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-01-25 |title=COMFORTABLE |url=https://www.officialcharts.com/songs/victor-ray-comfortable/ |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=Official Charts |language=en}}</ref> Mu mwezi Ogwomukaaga mu mwaka gwa 2024, Ray yafulumya oluyimba lwe olw'okussatu EP, ''I TRIED..'', olwayongeza obuvumu n'obukodyo bwe mukuwandiika ennyimba.Era EP yafulumya "Comfortable" nga oluyimba olukulembera n'egatako ennyimba ezadibwamu, "Falling Into Place,"olwayimbibwa omuyimbi ayitibwa Debbie.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Damara Kelly |first=Tyler |date=2024-05-16 |title=Victor Ray releases new single "Falling Into Place" featuring Debbie |url=https://www.thelineofbestfit.com/news/victor-ray-releases-new-single-falling-into-place-featuring-debbie |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=The Line of Best Fit |language=en-US}}</ref> Mu mwaka gwa 2025, Ray yagobererwa ne NJA ''(I WILL).'', eyafulumiziddwa ng’eyita mu Decca/Capitol.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Forrest |first=Jo |date=2025-04-11 |title=Victor Ray releases New EP and Single |url=https://www.totalntertainment.com/music/victor-ray-releases-new-ep-and-single/ |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=TotalNtertainment |language=en-GB}}</ref> Era EP eno yayimbibwa yoka "Hearts Break and People Change" n'oluyimba olugatibwamu hip-hop "Sticks & Stones", nga lulimu abayimbi Abagereza Kojey Radical ne Strandz.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Damara Kelly |first=Tyler |date=2024-11-18 |title=Victor Ray links up with Strandz and Kojey Radical on new single, "Sticks & Stones" |url=https://www.thelineofbestfit.com/news/victor-ray-links-up-with-strandz-and-kojey-radical-on-new-single-sticks-stones |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=The Line of Best Fit |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2024-11-15 |title=Victor Ray, Strandz & Kojey Radical unite for "Sticks & Stones" |url=https://grmdaily.com/victor-ray-strandz-kojey-radical-sticks-stones/ |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=GRM Daily |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-12-18 |title=Sticks & Stones ft. Kojey Radical & Strandz |url=https://www.recordoftheday.com/on-the-move/record/victor-ray/sticks-stones-ft-kojey-radical--strandz |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=Record of the Day}}</ref> Ray yategeeza nti yali akola ku lutambi lwe olusooka olujjuvu, olusuubirwa mu mwaka gwa 2026.<ref name=":5" /> Mu Gwekkuminoogumu mu mwaka gwa 2025, Ray yafuna oluyimba lwe olwasooka mu UK Top 40 eziyimbidwa omuyimbi yeka bwe yafulumya "You & I", n'atuuka ku ntikko ya nnamba Abirimu mwenda (29) ku mukutu gwa [[:en:UK_singles_chart|UK Official Singles Chart]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-11-20 |title=YOU & I |url=https://www.officialcharts.com/songs/victor-ray-you-i/ |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=Official Charts |language=en}}</ref> == Ennyimba ze == === Alubaamu z'ennyimba === NZE NDI. MIXTAPE (2026) === EPs === * Nali. (2023) * nawulira. (2023) * NNAGEZAAKO. (2024) * NJA. (2025) === Ennyimba z'eyayimba yeka === * Ekituli (2022) . * Akatono Okukendeera Okwewummuza (2022) * Nga Omwezi (2023) * Okuva ku bbalansi (2023) * Kifiiriza Buli Kimu Kyokka (2023) * Sigala okumala Akaseera (2023) * Ebikuta ne Smoothie (2023) * Obuweerero (2024) * Ekitundu ky'ekkubo (2024) * Okugwa mu kifo ft. Debbie (2024) . * Nakati Kyekimu (2024) * Emiggo n'amayinja (2024) * Emitima gimenyeka n'abantu ne bakyuka (2025) * Ensi Ku Bigere Byange (2025) * Ebisiigibwa (2025) * Ggwe & Nze (2025) == Ebijuliziddwa == <references /> [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] o7cq4xibi212dmh2lhrh0y2yzk9rv8h Solome Bossa 0 13153 48662 2026-05-02T23:06:29Z Halimah Nampiima 11015 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1348397812|Solome Bossa]]" 48662 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Solome Balungi Bossa''' (era '''Hon. Lady Justice Solomy B. Bossa;''' yazaalibwa 14 omwezi ogwokuna1956) mulamuzi [[Yuganda|wa Uganda]] ku [[:en:International_Criminal_Court|kkooti y'ensi yonna ey'emisango]] . Nga tannalondebwa mu kkooti eno, yali mmemba wa [[:en:Court_of_Appeal_of_Uganda|kkooti ejulirwamu mu Uganda]], era nga eno ekola emirundi ebiri nga kkooti ya Ssemateeka mu [[:en:Judiciary_of_Uganda|kitongole ekiramuzi ekya Uganda]] . Yalondebwa ku kisanja kya myaka mwenda nga 5 omwezi gwekkumineebiri 2017<ref name="One">{{Cite web |last=Butagira |first=Tabu |date=5 December 2017 |title=Justice Solome Bossa elected ICC judge |url=http://www.monitor.co.ug/News/National/Justice-Solome-Bossa-elected-International-Criminal-Court-judge/688334-4216348-153vcvkz/index.html |access-date=6 December 2017}} </ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=judge |url=https://www.icc-cpi.int/CourtStructure/Pages/judge.aspx?name=Judge%20Solomy%20Balungi%20Bossa |access-date=2018-03-09 |website=www.icc-cpi.int |language=en-GB}} </ref> era n’alayizibwa nga 9 omwezi gwoksatu 2018.<ref name="UN">{{Cite web |title=Judge Solomy Balungi Bossa |url=http://www.unmict.org/en/about/judges/judge-solomy-balungi-bossa |publisher=United Nations Mechanism for International Criminal Tribunals}} </ref> Emabegako yalondebwa ku kisanja kya myaka mukaaga ku [[:en:African_Court_on_Human_and_Peoples'_Rights|kkooti ya Afrika evunaanyizibwa ku ddembe ly’obuntu n’abantu]] mu 2014. == Obuto bwe n’okusoma == Solome Bossa yazaalibwa nga 14 omwezi ogwokuna 1956 mu [[Eddwaaliro ly'e Nsambya|ddwaaliro e Nsambya]], mu kibuga ekikulu ekya [[Kampala]] mu Uganda.<ref name="UN" /> Kitaawe Stanley Walusimbi Ssesanga yali munnamateeka ate nnyina yali mukyala wa waka.<ref name="Prof">{{Cite web |last=Nantume |first=Gillian |date=4 February 2018 |title=Justice Bossa at a glance |url=http://www.monitor.co.ug/Magazines/Full-Woman/Justice-Bossa-glance/689842-4289612-vi85mfz/index.html |access-date=4 February 2018}} </ref> <ref name="Four">{{Cite web |date=6 December 2017 |title=United Nations Mechanism for International Criminal Tribunals: Judge Solomy Balungi Bossa |url=http://www.unmict.org/en/about/judges/judge-solomy-balungi-bossa |access-date=6 December 2017 |publisher=United Nations Mechanism for International Criminal Tribunals}} </ref> Bossa yasomera mu masomero ga Uganda mu pulayimale ne siniya. Mu 1976, yakkirizibwa mu [[Makerere University, Uganda|yunivasite y’e Makerere]], mu Kampala, okusoma amateeka. Yatikkirwa diguli ya [[:en:Bachelor_of_Laws|Bachelor of Laws]] (LLB) mu 1979. Yafuna [[:en:Legal_practice|Dipuloma mu by’amateeka]] okuva mu [[Law Development Centre|Law Development Center]] mu Kampala. Mu 1987, yafuna [[:en:Law_reporting|satifikeeti mu by’okukola lipoota mu mateeka]], okuva mu [[:en:Commonwealth_Youth_Programme|kitongole ky’abavubuka ekya Commonwealth]], e [[:en:Lusaka|Lusaka]], [[Zambia]] . Oluvannyuma, mu 2016, yaweebwa diguli ya [[:en:Master_of_Laws|diguli ey'okubiri mumateeka]] (LLM), okuva mu [[:en:University_of_London|Yunivasite y’e London]], ng’akuguka mu [[:en:Public_International_Law|mateeka ga Public International Law]] .<ref name="Two">{{Cite web |date=2016 |title=International Association of Women Judges: Pioneering Women Judges on International Courts: Honourable Solomy Balungi Bossa |url=https://iawj-womenjudges.org/hon-solomy-bossa/ |access-date=6 December 2017 |website=IAWJ: Pioneering Women Judges on International Courts |publisher=International Association of Women Judges}} </ref> <ref name="Three">{{Cite web |title=African Court on Human and People's Rights: Justice Solomy Balungi Bossa – Uganda |url=http://en.african-court.org/index.php/2-uncategorised/38-justice-solomy-balungi-bossa-uganda |publisher=African Court on Human and People's Rights}} </ref> == Okulwanirira eddembe ly’obuntu == Bossa abadde mulwanirizi w’eddembe ly’obuntu okuva mu 1980 era yatandikawo ekibiina ekitali kya magoba omuli ekitongole kya East African Centre for Constitutional Development, Uganda Network on HIV, AIDS, Ethics and the Law wamu ne Uganda Law Society.<ref name="bio">{{Cite web |title=Justice Solomy Balungi Bossa - Uganda |url=http://en.african-court.org/index.php/2-uncategorised/38-justice-solomy-balungi-bossa-uganda |publisher=African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights}} </ref> <ref name="UN" /> == Emirimu gye == Bossa yali musomesa mu Law Development Centre of Uganda okuva mu 1981 okutuuka mu 1997.<ref name="bio" /> Yali munnamateeka okuva mu 1988 okutuuka mu 1997, ng’akiikirira abakyala abataliiko mwasirizi n’okugaziya obuyambi bw’amateeka, omuli n’okuweereza nga pulezidenti w’ekibiina ekigatta bannamateeka ekya Uganda Law Society.<ref name="ICC">{{Cite web |title=Bossa, Solomy Balungi (Uganda) |url=https://asp.icc-cpi.int/iccdocs/asp_docs/Elections/EJ2017/ICC-ASP-EJ2017-UGA-ST-ENG.pdf |publisher=International Criminal Court}}</ref> Yakola nga Omulamuzi mu kkooti enkulu mu Uganda okuva mu 1997 okutuuka mu 2013. Bossa yali mmemba mu kkooti y’obuvanjuba bwa Afrika okumala emyaka etaano, okuva mu 2001 okutuuka mu 2006. Yali mmemba mu kkooti y’ensi yonna evunaanyizibwa ku buuzzi bw’emisango mu Rwanda (UNICTR) okuva mu 2003 okutuuka mu 2013.<ref name="Two" /> <ref name="Three" /> <ref name="Four" /> <ref name="bio" /> Bossa yali mulamuzi ku [[:en:East_African_Court_of_Justice|kkooti y’obuvanjuba bwa Afrika y'obwenkanya]] okuva mu 2001 okutuuka mu 2006 ne ku [[:en:International_Criminal_Tribunal_for_Rwanda|kkooti y’ensi yonna evunaanyizibwa ku buuzzi bw’emisango mu Rwanda]] okuva mu 2003 okutuuka mu 2013.<ref name="Four" /> Yalondebwa mu kkooti ya Ssemateeka ya Uganda mu 2013. <ref name="Four" /> Mu 2014, Bossa yalondebwa okuba Omulamuzi wa [[:en:African_Court_on_Human_and_Peoples’_Rights|kkooti ya Africa evunaanyizibwa ku ddembe ly’obuntu n’abantu]], okumala ekisanja kya myaka mukaaga.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hon. Lady Justice Solomy Balungi Bossa Appointed to the African Court on Human and Peoples Rights |url=http://www.judiciary.go.ug/data/news/121/4514/Hon.%20Lady%20Justice%20Solomy%20Balungi%20Bossa%20Appointed%20to%20the%20African%20Court%20on%20Human%20and%20Peoples%EF%BF%BD%20Rights..html |publisher=Judiciary of Uganda}} </ref> Mu 2014, Bossa y’omu ku balamuzi abaasazaamu etteeka lya Uganda erirwanyisa ebisiyaga olw’obutayisibwa n’omuwendo gw’ababaka ogwetaagisa.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Wesaka |first=Anthony |date=30 September 2014 |title=We have received public backlash for annulling antigay law- judge |url=http://www.monitor.co.ug/News/National/We-have-received-public-backlash-for-annulling-antigay-law/688334-2469726-jxprxhz/index.html |access-date=23 September 2017 |website=Daily Monitor}} </ref> Yafuna [[:en:Death_threats|okutiisibwatisiibwa okumutta]] ku [[:en:Social_media|mikutu gya yintaneeti]] .<ref>{{Cite web |date=1 October 2014 |title=Uganda: Judge Who Annulled Anti-Gay Law Faced Death Threats |url=http://www.mambaonline.com/2014/10/01/uganda-judge-annulled-anti-gay-law-faced-death-threats/ |access-date=23 September 2017 |website=Mamba}} </ref> Mu 2017, Bossa yafuuka omuntu agenda okuvuganya ku [[:en:International_Criminal_Court|kkooti y’ensi yonna]] era n’alondebwa ku nkomerero y’omwaka ogwo.<ref name="ICC" /> == Ebibonerezo by'a Amerika == Mu June 2025, yali omu ku 4 [[:en:Judges_of_the_International_Criminal_Court|abalamuzi aba kkooti y’ensi yonna]] abbo [[:en:United_States_government_sanctions|abavunaanibwa]] eyali [[:en:Second_presidency_of_Donald_Trump|gavumenti ya Trump]] . Ye ne munne, omulamuzi [[:en:Luz_del_Carmen_Ibáñez_Carranza|Ibanez Carranza]], baali batunuuliddwa okubeera omu ku balamuzi 5 ab’olukiiko olujulira mu 2020 olukusa [[:en:Prosecutor_of_the_International_Criminal_Court|omuwaabi wa ICC]] okugenda mu maaso n’okunoonyereza [[:en:International_Criminal_Court_investigation_in_Afghanistan|ku mbeera eri mu Afghanistan]], omuli n’abakozi ba Amerika ne NATO - enkola eno eyawakanyizibwa Amerika.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Imposing Sanctions in Response to the ICC's Illegitimate Actions Targeting the United States and Israel |url=https://www.state.gov/imposing-sanctions-in-response-to-the-iccs-illegitimate-actions-targeting-the-united-states-and-israel/ |access-date=2025-12-24 |website=United States Department of State |language=en}} </ref> == Emirimu emirala == * [[:en:International_Commission_of_Jurists|Akakiiko k’ensi yonna ak’abakugu mu by’amateeka]], Memba * [[:en:International_Association_of_Women_Judges|Ekibiina ky'ensi yonna ekigatta abalamuzi abakyala]], Memba * Ekibiina ekigatta abalamuzi n’abalamuzi mu buvanjuba bwa Afrika, Memba * Ekibiina ekigatta abalamuzi abakyala mu ggwanga, Memba * Ekibiina ekigatta abalamuzi n'abalamuzi mu Uganda, Member <ref name="UN" /> == Obulamu bwe == Bossa abadde mufumbo eri Joseph Bossa, munnamateeka era munnabyabufuzi [[Uganda People's Congress|mu kibiina kya Uganda People's Congress]] okuva mu 1981. Maama w'abaana bana.<ref name="Prof" /> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kakaire |first=Sulaiman |date=16 May 2013 |title=Who are the new judges? |url=http://www.observer.ug/component/content/article/57-features/feature/25325-who-are-the-new-judges |access-date=15 December 2017}} </ref> == Ebifulumizibwa == * {{Cite book |last=Bossa |first=Solomy Balungi |year=2010 |title=Protecting Humanity: Essays in International Law and Policy in Honour of Navanethem Pillay |url=http://booksandjournals.brillonline.com/content/books/10.1163/ej.9789004183780.i-882.72/ |publisher=Martinus Nijhoff |isbn=9789004189577 |editor-last=C. Eboe-Osuji |pages=333–348 |chapter=A Critique of the East African Court of Justice As A Human Rights Court |doi=10.1163/ej.9789004183780.i-882.72}} * {{Cite journal |last=Bossa |first=Solomy Balungi |year=2006 |title=Towards a protocol extending the jurisdiction of the East African Court of Justice |journal=East African Journal of Human Rights & Democracy |volume=4 |page=31}} == Laba ne == * [[Julia Sebutinde]] == Ebijuliziddwa == == Ebijuliziddwa == * [https://www.newvision.co.ug/new_vision/news/1046715/demolish-wall-kcc-tells-justice-bossa Mumenye Bbugwe, KCC Ategeezezza Omulamuzi Bossa] * [https://iawj-womenjudges.org/hon-solomy-bossa/ Ekibiina ky'ensi yonna ekigatta abalamuzi abakyala profile and video] {{Authority control}} [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] tps8kybkqnycgqbgkhm72ec3ob2rpc5 William Mukama 0 13154 48663 2026-05-03T08:35:05Z Berniter 10779 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1222360175|William Mukama]]" 48663 wikitext text/x-wiki '''William Mukama''' (1951–2002), yali Munna Uganda omusubuzi, Omukulu w’essomero lya kolegi ela munnabyabufuzi . Mukama yaweereza ng'omu ku batandisi era omuwagizi w'ekibiina kya Ninth October Movement, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Refugees |first=United Nations High Commissioner for |title=Refworld {{!}} Uganda: Information on the 9th of October Movement, including its activities, ideology, and location; on whether the group was active from late 1994 to 1995 and on whether it is currently active |url=https://www.refworld.org/docid/3ae6abb324.html |access-date=2022-07-04 |website=Refworld |language=en}}</ref> ekibiina ky'abayeekera mu Uganda ekyatandikibwawo nkomerero yo mwaka gwa 1985 okugezaako okuddamu okufuga eggwanga okuva ku National Resistance Army ekikulemberwa Yoweri Museveni wamu ne gavumenti ya Tito Lutwa Okello . Mukama yali mmemba mu kibiina kya [[Uganda People's Congress|Uganda Peoples Congress]] (UPC), ekibiina ekyali mu buyinza ne gavumenti ya Uganda nga [[Idi Amin]] nakyemalira tennabaawo. Mukama yazaalibwa mu mwaka gwa 1951 era nga nzaalwa y’e [[Mbale (disitulikit)|Disitulikiti y’e Mbale]], Ekitundu ekyo kati kimu ku bigatta ku Disitulikiti empya eya Pallisa, mu buvanjuba bwa Uganda. Yakuzibwa ng’omwana ow’eddiini, era ekigendererwa kye kyali kya kufuuka omusaserodoti.Okutendekebwa kwe okwasooka mu ttendekero ly'a kolegi kwamulambika okutuuka ku kigendererwa ekyo. Nga Omuvubuka, Mukama yakola era n’abeera mu Libya okumala emyaka nga musanvu gye yakuguka mu kwogera, okuwandiika wamu n’okusoma Oluwarabu . Ku ntandikwa y’emyaka gya 1980 oluvannyuma lw’okugwa kwa Amin, Mukama yakomawo mu Uganda n’agenda mu maaso nemirimu gyo kusomesa.Ela a mangu ago, yafuuka amumyuka omukulu n’oluvannyuma n’akulira essomero ly’e Namutumba. Mukama yelekulila ku kifo kino navuganya ku kifo kya palaamenti mu [[Iganga (disitulikit)|Disitulikiti y’e Iganga]] ng’omuntu omutongole eyeesimbyewo mu kibiina kya The Uganda Peoples Congress (UPC) ku mulembe gwa [[Milton Obote|Apollo Milton Obote]] . Mukama teyawangula kifo kino. Wakati wo mwaka gwa 1985 ne 1989, Mukama, wamu ne Elungat, [[Captain Namiti]], [[Bright Gabula]], ne [[Paulo Muwanga]], baatandikawo ekibiina kya Ninth October Movement. Yakwatibwa n’asibibwa mu ngeri etali mu mateeka wakati w'Omwezi gwekkumi mu mwaka gwa 1989 ne 1992, mu gavumenti ya Yoweri Museveni. Mukama yasingisibwa emisango egyekuusa ku kulya mu nsiye olukwe mu 1992 kyokka nga si kulya mu nsiye lukwe gwennyini, ekyandimuviiriddeko okusalirwa ekibonerezo ky’okufa. Yafa mu 2002 mu mbeera ezitategelekekaa. == Ebijuliziddwa == ns6678diiv22h8u8zltixg6qi6b1wqy Nancy Kacungira 0 13155 48704 2026-05-03T10:11:27Z NAMUKWAYA BARBRA 9180 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1345100189|Nancy Kacungira]]" 48704 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nancy Kacungira''' (yazaalibwa 1986) <ref>{{Cite web |last=Rom |first=Larmack Freddie |date=2017-08-15 |title=Ugandan born journalist Nancy Kacungira joins BBC |url=https://campusbee.ug/queening/ugandan-born-journalist-nancy-kacungira-joins-bbc/ |access-date=2022-05-08 |website=Campus Bee |language=en-US}}</ref> Munnayuganda omuweereza era omusasi mu [[:en:BBC_News|BBC News]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Chacha |first=Gardy |date=18 January 2014 |title=Nancy Kacungira: The new face on KTN opens up about her life journey |url=https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/evewoman/article/2000120134/nancy-kacungira-the-new-face-on-ktn-opens-up-about-her-life-journey |access-date=8 August 2017 |website=standardmedia.co.ke}}</ref> Yayanjula mu ''[[:en:Focus_on_Africa_(TV_programme)|Focus on Africa]]'' okuva mu 2017 okutuuka mu gwolubereberye 2019 ''ne [[:en:World_Business_Report|World Business Report]]'' ku [[:en:BBC_World_News|BBC World News]] . == Ensibuko ye n’obuyigirize bwe == Kacungira yazaalibwa mu gwekkumi nga 11, 1986 <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mwangi |first=Teresia |date=2020-10-28 |title=Nancy Kacungira biography: Husband, family, net worth, education, career - Tuko.co.ke |url=https://www.tuko.co.ke/386577-nancy-kacungira-biography-husband-family-net-worth-education-career.html |access-date=2026-03-24 |website=www.tuko.co.ke |language=en}}</ref> mu maka ga Clifford Kacungira mu Tanzania. Yasomera mu ttendekero e [[:en:Namasagali_College|Namasagali]] ku ddaala lya O n’oluvannyuma [[Essomero lya Kibuli Sekendule|Kibuli Secondary School]] n’asomera ku ddaala lya A. Oluvannyuma yafuna diguli ye eya Master of Arts mu by’empuliziganya okuva mu [[:en:Leeds_University|Yunivasite y’e Leeds]], gye yatikkirwa n’ekitiibwa.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=TEDxEuston &#124; TED |url=https://www.ted.com/tedx/events/16347 |website=www.ted.com}}</ref> == Omulimu gwe == Kacungira yatandika nga omukozi wa leediyo ng’akyali mu yunivasite, ng’akola okuva ku intern okutuuka ku Deputy Program Director.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=TEDxEuston &#124; TED |url=https://www.ted.com/tedx/events/16347 |website=www.ted.com}}</ref> Kacungira omulimu gw'amawulire yagutandikira ng'omuweereza wa Leediyo ku Power FM , leediyo y’Abakristaayo mu [[Kampala]], Uganda.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-01-07 |title=Your girls on the news: Nancy Kacungira |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/magazines/full-woman/your-girls-on-the-news-nancy-kacungira-1547266 |access-date=2026-03-24 |website=Monitor |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2010, Kacungira ng’ali wamu ne mukulu we [[Seanice Kacunga|Seanice Kacungira]] baatandikawo kkampuni ya Blu Flamingo; kkampuni eddukanya emikutu gya digito.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-11-21 |title=Seanice is a bully-Nancy |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/magazines/life/seanice-is-a-bully-nancy-1839942 |access-date=2026-03-24 |website=Monitor |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-01-03 |title=Cashing in on digital media |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/business/prosper/cashing-in-on-digital-media-1576498 |access-date=2026-03-24 |website=Monitor |language=en}}</ref>[[NTV Uganda|​]]​<ref>{{Cite web |last=Reporter |first=Vision |title=Young women changing the face of African media |url=https://www.newvision.co.ugnull/ |access-date=2026-03-24 |website=New Vision}}</ref> Nga akyali mu KTN News Kenya mu 2015, Kacungira yasaba engule ya [[:en:Komla_Dumor_Award|Komla Dumor Award]], gye yawangula n’agenda mu BBC okumala emyezi esatu ng’atendekebwa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 May 2016 |title=Nancy Kacungira – Profile, Education, Life History, Job History |url=https://kenyanlife.com/nancy-kacungira/ |access-date=29 June 2018 |website=Kenyan Life}}</ref> Olwo n'adda mu KTN News Kenya kyokka oluvannyuma n'apangisibwa BBC gye yayanjula ''[[:en:Focus_on_Africa_(TV_programme)|Focus on Africa]]'', kyokka oluvannyuma n'afuuka omuweereza omukulu mu [[:en:World_News_Today|World News Today]] ne In Business Africa, omuweereza omukulu ku wiikendi era [[:en:Correspondent|omusasi wa]] BBC News Channel ne BBC World News. Mu 2016, Kacungira y’omu ku babiri abaali bakubiriza okukubaganya ebirowoozo ku bwapulezidenti bwa Uganda n’omuweereza wa BBC omulala owa Uganda [[Alan Kasujja]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC's Kasujja, Kacungira to moderate presidential debate |url=http://www.monitor.co.ug/SpecialReports/Elections/BBC-s-Kasujja--Kacungira-to-moderate-presidential-debate/859108-3024524-be9dahz/index.html |access-date=28 March 2018 |website=Daily Monitor}}</ref> Oluvannyuma lw’okumala akaseera ng’ayanjula ''[[:en:World_News_Today|World News Today]]'' mu gwomanaana gwa 2018, yafuuka omutegesi omukulu ku myaka 7&nbsp;pm weekdays ne ssaawa 9&nbsp;pm weekends okuva mu gwomwenda 2019 nga tali ku assignment, nga ekitundu ku wano 19:00–01:00GMT/BST, ku [[:en:BBC_Four|BBC Four, BBC News Channel ne BBC World News,]] era abadde ayanjula ''[[:en:In_Business_Africa|In Business Africa]]'' okuva mu ogwolubereberye 2019, pulogulaamu gye yayanjula wamu ne Ashionye Ogene.<ref>"About the programme". 30 January 2019. Retrieved 24 March 2026.</ref> Era muweereza w'obuyambi mu pulogulaamu ya ''The Briefing'' ku ssaawa 05:00GMT ku [[:en:BBC_One|BBC One]], [[:en:BBC_News_Channel|BBC News Channel]] ne [[:en:BBC_World_Service|BBC World News]] . Mu 2022, era yatandika okwanjula ku [[:en:BBC_World_Service|BBC World Service]] [[:en:Outside_Source|Outside Source]], kyokka teyayanjulako nkyusa ya TV.<ref>BBC News Fix.</ref><ref>"Why I cannot tell 'the African story'". ''BBC News''. 22 October 2015. Retrieved 24 March 2026.</ref> Ku ntandikwa y'ogwomukaaga mu 2020,yatandika okwanjula ebisinga ku bifulumizibwa akawungeezi bibiri mu wikeendi ssatu, ku mikutu gya BBC News Channel ne BBC World news. Nga mw’otwalidde n’ekitundu ekyokubiri ekya [[:en:BBC_News_at_Ten|BBC News ku Kkumi]] ku Lwokutaano n’Olwomukaaga, Ssande endala. Okuva mu gwokuna 2023 abaweereza abakulu n'abawandiisi b'amawulire amapya agagattibwa BBC News Channel nga babikka ku baweereza baayo abakulu, nga balaga okusinga pulogulaamu ez'akawungeezi [[:en:The_World_Today_(TV_news_programme)|The World Today ne Nancy Kacungira]], eyasikira World News Today, eyakyusibwa erinnya okuva mu The Daily Global ng'ali mu luwummula lw'okuzaala, [[:en:The_Context_(TV_programme)|The Context]], UK-opt outs, [[:en:BBC_News_at_One|BBC News at One]] ne [[:en:BBC_News_at_One|BBC Weekend News]] . Oluvannyuma lw'okugatta BBC World News ne BBC News mu gwokuna 2023, Kacungira yafuuka omu ku baweereza n'abawandiisi b'amawulire abakulu ku mukutu omupya ogukwata ku baweereza baago abakulu, ng'okusinga ayanjula pulogulaamu ez'akawungeezi [[:en:The_Context_(TV_programme)|The Daily Global ne Nancy Kacungira, The Context]], UK-opt outs ne [[:en:BBC_Weekend_News|BBC Weekend News]] .<ref>{{Cite web |last=Team |first=The Observer |date=2017-08-16 |title=Star trail: Nancy Kacungira upgrades to BBC Africa |url=https://observer.ug/lifestyle-entertainment/star-trail-nancy-kacungira-upgrades-to-bbc-africa/ |access-date=2026-03-24 |website=The Observer |language=en-US}}</ref> Era ye yali omukozi era omusasi w’amawulire ng’akola ku musango gw’okumenya amasimu [[:en:Prince_Harry,_Duke_of_Sussex|Omulangira Harry, Duke of Sussex]] ku [[:en:Mirror_Group_Newspapers|Mirror Group Newspapers]] (MGN) n’ebyobufuzi ebyabadde mu Westminster omuli okufulumya akakiiko k’enkizo mu lipoota, eyamaliriza nti [[:en:Boris_Johnson|Boris Johnson]] yalimba era n’abuzaabuza mu bugenderevu House of Commons ku [[:en:Partygate|Partygate]], yabuzaabuza Akakiiko bennyini mu kuwulira omusango, era n’akola mu ngeri ey’okunyooma Akakiiko kennyini ng’ayita mu "kampeyini y'okutulugunya n'okutiisatiisa". <ref>"Presenter profile: Nancy Kacungira". 30 January 2019. Retrieved 24 March 2026.</ref> == Engule ze == * 2015 – Engule ya BBC World News Komla Dumor <ref>{{Cite web |title=Nancy Kacungira awarded the BBC World News Komla Dumor Award |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/worldnews/2015/nancy-kacungira |access-date=28 March 2018 |website=BBC}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Agyeman-Fisher |first=Abena |date=2015-08-19 |title=BBC World News Names Nancy Kacungira As Recipient of Komla Dumor Award |url=https://face2faceafrica.com/article/nancy-kacungira |access-date=2026-03-24 |website=Face2Face Africa |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-04-05 |title=Ugandan journalist Nancy Kacungira wins BBC World News Komla Dumor Award |url=https://www.thecitizen.co.tz/tanzania/news/africa/ugandan-journalist-nancy-kacungira-wins-bbc-world-news-komla-dumor-award-2530192 |access-date=2026-03-24 |website=The Citizen |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Reporter |first=Vision |title=Ugandan journalist wins BBC World news Komla Dumor award |url=https://www.newvision.co.ugnull/ |access-date=2026-03-24 |website=New Vision}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-01-19 |title=Nancy Kacungira wins BBC award |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/nancy-kacungira-wins-bbc-award--1621340 |access-date=2026-03-24 |website=Monitor |language=en}}</ref> == Obulamu bw’omuntu ku bubwe == Kacungira yalangirira ng’ayita ku mukutu gwa Instagram nti yafumbirwa mu Ogwolubereberye gwa 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Waswa |first=Sam |date=2023-02-08 |title=Photos: Nancy Kacungira Ties the Knot |url=https://chimpreports.com/photos-nancy-kacungira-ties-the-knot/ |archive-url=https://chimpreports.com/photos-nancy-kacungira-ties-the-knot/ |access-date=2026-03-24 |website=ChimpReports |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Register |url=https://www.instagram.com/reel/Cn5wCLwowSS/ |url-access=registration |access-date=31 January 2023 |language=en |via=[[instagram]]}}</ref> Mu gwekkuminebiri gwa 2024, yalangirira nti yazaala omwana omulenzi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Register |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/C2AE-AjoLl6/ |url-access=registration |access-date=19 January 2024 |language=en |via=[[instagram]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Benjie |date=2024-01-12 |title=BBC's Nancy Kacungira celebrates birth of son |url=https://mbu.ug/2024/01/12/nancy-kacungira-baby-birth/ |access-date=2026-03-24 |website=MBU |language=en-US}}</ref> == Ebijuliziddwa == ealevb5d518g282xgq8lzz4e2zcld4e 48705 48704 2026-05-03T10:12:47Z NAMUKWAYA BARBRA 9180 nkozeemu enkyuka kyuka #WUCUG26MUK 48705 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nancy Kacungira''' (yazaalibwa 1986) <ref>{{Cite web |last=Rom |first=Larmack Freddie |date=2017-08-15 |title=Ugandan born journalist Nancy Kacungira joins BBC |url=https://campusbee.ug/queening/ugandan-born-journalist-nancy-kacungira-joins-bbc/ |access-date=2022-05-08 |website=Campus Bee |language=en-US}}</ref> Munnayuganda omuweereza era omusasi mu [[:en:BBC_News|BBC News]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Chacha |first=Gardy |date=18 January 2014 |title=Nancy Kacungira: The new face on KTN opens up about her life journey |url=https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/evewoman/article/2000120134/nancy-kacungira-the-new-face-on-ktn-opens-up-about-her-life-journey |access-date=8 August 2017 |website=standardmedia.co.ke}}</ref> Yayanjula mu ''[[:en:Focus_on_Africa_(TV_programme)|Focus on Africa]]'' okuva mu 2017 okutuuka mu gwolubereberye 2019 ''ne [[:en:World_Business_Report|World Business Report]]'' ku [[:en:BBC_World_News|BBC World News]]. == Ensibuko ye n’obuyigirize bwe == Kacungira yazaalibwa mu gwekkumi nga 11, 1986 <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mwangi |first=Teresia |date=2020-10-28 |title=Nancy Kacungira biography: Husband, family, net worth, education, career - Tuko.co.ke |url=https://www.tuko.co.ke/386577-nancy-kacungira-biography-husband-family-net-worth-education-career.html |access-date=2026-03-24 |website=www.tuko.co.ke |language=en}}</ref> mu maka ga Clifford Kacungira mu Tanzania. Yasomera mu ttendekero e [[:en:Namasagali_College|Namasagali]] ku ddaala lya O n’oluvannyuma [[Essomero lya Kibuli Sekendule|Kibuli Secondary School]] n’asomera ku ddaala lya A. Oluvannyuma yafuna diguli ye eya Master of Arts mu by’empuliziganya okuva mu [[:en:Leeds_University|Yunivasite y’e Leeds]], gye yatikkirwa n’ekitiibwa.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=TEDxEuston &#124; TED |url=https://www.ted.com/tedx/events/16347 |website=www.ted.com}}</ref> == Omulimu gwe == Kacungira yatandika nga omukozi wa leediyo ng’akyali mu yunivasite, ng’akola okuva ku intern okutuuka ku Deputy Program Director.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=TEDxEuston &#124; TED |url=https://www.ted.com/tedx/events/16347 |website=www.ted.com}}</ref> Kacungira omulimu gw'amawulire yagutandikira ng'omuweereza wa Leediyo ku Power FM , leediyo y’Abakristaayo mu [[Kampala]], Uganda.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-01-07 |title=Your girls on the news: Nancy Kacungira |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/magazines/full-woman/your-girls-on-the-news-nancy-kacungira-1547266 |access-date=2026-03-24 |website=Monitor |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2010, Kacungira ng’ali wamu ne mukulu we [[Seanice Kacunga|Seanice Kacungira]] baatandikawo kkampuni ya Blu Flamingo; kkampuni eddukanya emikutu gya digito.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-11-21 |title=Seanice is a bully-Nancy |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/magazines/life/seanice-is-a-bully-nancy-1839942 |access-date=2026-03-24 |website=Monitor |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-01-03 |title=Cashing in on digital media |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/business/prosper/cashing-in-on-digital-media-1576498 |access-date=2026-03-24 |website=Monitor |language=en}}</ref>[[NTV Uganda|​]]​<ref>{{Cite web |last=Reporter |first=Vision |title=Young women changing the face of African media |url=https://www.newvision.co.ugnull/ |access-date=2026-03-24 |website=New Vision}}</ref> Nga akyali mu KTN News Kenya mu 2015, Kacungira yasaba engule ya [[:en:Komla_Dumor_Award|Komla Dumor Award]], gye yawangula n’agenda mu BBC okumala emyezi esatu ng’atendekebwa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 May 2016 |title=Nancy Kacungira – Profile, Education, Life History, Job History |url=https://kenyanlife.com/nancy-kacungira/ |access-date=29 June 2018 |website=Kenyan Life}}</ref> Olwo n'adda mu KTN News Kenya kyokka oluvannyuma n'apangisibwa BBC gye yayanjula ''[[:en:Focus_on_Africa_(TV_programme)|Focus on Africa]]'', kyokka oluvannyuma n'afuuka omuweereza omukulu mu [[:en:World_News_Today|World News Today]] ne In Business Africa, omuweereza omukulu ku wiikendi era [[:en:Correspondent|omusasi wa]] BBC News Channel ne BBC World News. Mu 2016, Kacungira y’omu ku babiri abaali bakubiriza okukubaganya ebirowoozo ku bwapulezidenti bwa Uganda n’omuweereza wa BBC omulala owa Uganda [[Alan Kasujja]] .<ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC's Kasujja, Kacungira to moderate presidential debate |url=http://www.monitor.co.ug/SpecialReports/Elections/BBC-s-Kasujja--Kacungira-to-moderate-presidential-debate/859108-3024524-be9dahz/index.html |access-date=28 March 2018 |website=Daily Monitor}}</ref> Oluvannyuma lw’okumala akaseera ng’ayanjula ''[[:en:World_News_Today|World News Today]]'' mu gwomanaana gwa 2018, yafuuka omutegesi omukulu ku myaka 7&nbsp;pm weekdays ne ssaawa 9&nbsp;pm weekends okuva mu gwomwenda 2019 nga tali ku assignment, nga ekitundu ku wano 19:00–01:00GMT/BST, ku [[:en:BBC_Four|BBC Four, BBC News Channel ne BBC World News,]] era abadde ayanjula ''[[:en:In_Business_Africa|In Business Africa]]'' okuva mu ogwolubereberye 2019, pulogulaamu gye yayanjula wamu ne Ashionye Ogene.<ref>"About the programme". 30 January 2019. Retrieved 24 March 2026.</ref> Era muweereza w'obuyambi mu pulogulaamu ya ''The Briefing'' ku ssaawa 05:00GMT ku [[:en:BBC_One|BBC One]], [[:en:BBC_News_Channel|BBC News Channel]] ne [[:en:BBC_World_Service|BBC World News]] . Mu 2022, era yatandika okwanjula ku [[:en:BBC_World_Service|BBC World Service]] [[:en:Outside_Source|Outside Source]], kyokka teyayanjulako nkyusa ya TV.<ref>BBC News Fix.</ref><ref>"Why I cannot tell 'the African story'". ''BBC News''. 22 October 2015. Retrieved 24 March 2026.</ref> Ku ntandikwa y'ogwomukaaga mu 2020,yatandika okwanjula ebisinga ku bifulumizibwa akawungeezi bibiri mu wikeendi ssatu, ku mikutu gya BBC News Channel ne BBC World news. Nga mw’otwalidde n’ekitundu ekyokubiri ekya [[:en:BBC_News_at_Ten|BBC News ku Kkumi]] ku Lwokutaano n’Olwomukaaga, Ssande endala. Okuva mu gwokuna 2023 abaweereza abakulu n'abawandiisi b'amawulire amapya agagattibwa BBC News Channel nga babikka ku baweereza baayo abakulu, nga balaga okusinga pulogulaamu ez'akawungeezi [[:en:The_World_Today_(TV_news_programme)|The World Today ne Nancy Kacungira]], eyasikira World News Today, eyakyusibwa erinnya okuva mu The Daily Global ng'ali mu luwummula lw'okuzaala, [[:en:The_Context_(TV_programme)|The Context]], UK-opt outs, [[:en:BBC_News_at_One|BBC News at One]] ne [[:en:BBC_News_at_One|BBC Weekend News]] . Oluvannyuma lw'okugatta BBC World News ne BBC News mu gwokuna 2023, Kacungira yafuuka omu ku baweereza n'abawandiisi b'amawulire abakulu ku mukutu omupya ogukwata ku baweereza baago abakulu, ng'okusinga ayanjula pulogulaamu ez'akawungeezi [[:en:The_Context_(TV_programme)|The Daily Global ne Nancy Kacungira, The Context]], UK-opt outs ne [[:en:BBC_Weekend_News|BBC Weekend News]] .<ref>{{Cite web |last=Team |first=The Observer |date=2017-08-16 |title=Star trail: Nancy Kacungira upgrades to BBC Africa |url=https://observer.ug/lifestyle-entertainment/star-trail-nancy-kacungira-upgrades-to-bbc-africa/ |access-date=2026-03-24 |website=The Observer |language=en-US}}</ref> Era ye yali omukozi era omusasi w’amawulire ng’akola ku musango gw’okumenya amasimu [[:en:Prince_Harry,_Duke_of_Sussex|Omulangira Harry, Duke of Sussex]] ku [[:en:Mirror_Group_Newspapers|Mirror Group Newspapers]] (MGN) n’ebyobufuzi ebyabadde mu Westminster omuli okufulumya akakiiko k’enkizo mu lipoota, eyamaliriza nti [[:en:Boris_Johnson|Boris Johnson]] yalimba era n’abuzaabuza mu bugenderevu House of Commons ku [[:en:Partygate|Partygate]], yabuzaabuza Akakiiko bennyini mu kuwulira omusango, era n’akola mu ngeri ey’okunyooma Akakiiko kennyini ng’ayita mu "kampeyini y'okutulugunya n'okutiisatiisa". <ref>"Presenter profile: Nancy Kacungira". 30 January 2019. Retrieved 24 March 2026.</ref> == Engule ze == * 2015 – Engule ya BBC World News Komla Dumor <ref>{{Cite web |title=Nancy Kacungira awarded the BBC World News Komla Dumor Award |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/worldnews/2015/nancy-kacungira |access-date=28 March 2018 |website=BBC}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Agyeman-Fisher |first=Abena |date=2015-08-19 |title=BBC World News Names Nancy Kacungira As Recipient of Komla Dumor Award |url=https://face2faceafrica.com/article/nancy-kacungira |access-date=2026-03-24 |website=Face2Face Africa |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-04-05 |title=Ugandan journalist Nancy Kacungira wins BBC World News Komla Dumor Award |url=https://www.thecitizen.co.tz/tanzania/news/africa/ugandan-journalist-nancy-kacungira-wins-bbc-world-news-komla-dumor-award-2530192 |access-date=2026-03-24 |website=The Citizen |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Reporter |first=Vision |title=Ugandan journalist wins BBC World news Komla Dumor award |url=https://www.newvision.co.ugnull/ |access-date=2026-03-24 |website=New Vision}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-01-19 |title=Nancy Kacungira wins BBC award |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/nancy-kacungira-wins-bbc-award--1621340 |access-date=2026-03-24 |website=Monitor |language=en}}</ref> == Obulamu bw’omuntu ku bubwe == Kacungira yalangirira ng’ayita ku mukutu gwa Instagram nti yafumbirwa mu Ogwolubereberye gwa 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Waswa |first=Sam |date=2023-02-08 |title=Photos: Nancy Kacungira Ties the Knot |url=https://chimpreports.com/photos-nancy-kacungira-ties-the-knot/ |archive-url=https://chimpreports.com/photos-nancy-kacungira-ties-the-knot/ |access-date=2026-03-24 |website=ChimpReports |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Register |url=https://www.instagram.com/reel/Cn5wCLwowSS/ |url-access=registration |access-date=31 January 2023 |language=en |via=[[instagram]]}}</ref> Mu gwekkuminebiri gwa 2024, yalangirira nti yazaala omwana omulenzi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Register |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/C2AE-AjoLl6/ |url-access=registration |access-date=19 January 2024 |language=en |via=[[instagram]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Benjie |date=2024-01-12 |title=BBC's Nancy Kacungira celebrates birth of son |url=https://mbu.ug/2024/01/12/nancy-kacungira-baby-birth/ |access-date=2026-03-24 |website=MBU |language=en-US}}</ref> == Ebijuliziddwa == ckhuajg4rl0j27rvmjc9a9ran7541co Nehemiah Katusiime 0 13156 48707 2026-05-03T10:16:06Z Halimah Nampiima 11015 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1342218350|Nehemiah Katusiime]]" 48707 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Nehemiah Katusiime''' munnaUganda [[:en:Consultant|omuwi w'amagezi]] era nga [[:en:Gynecologist|musawo wabakyala]] mu [[Minisitule Evunaanyizibwa ku By'obulamu mu Uganda|minisitule y'ebyobulamu mu Uganda]]. Yali [[:en:Executive_director|mukulembeze omukulu]] [[:en:Kawempe_Division|w'eddwaliro ekkulu e Kawempe]], mu [[:en:Kawempe_Division|Kawempe Divizon]], mu bukiikakkono bwa [[Kampala]] [[:en:Capital_city|ekibuga ekikulu]] era ekisinga obunene mu [[Yuganda|Uganda]] .<ref name="1R">{{Cite web |last=Nabatanzi |first=Violet |date=9 August 2018 |title=Health Ministry Appoints New City Hospital Bosses |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/new_vision/news/1483111/health-ministry-appoints-city-hospital-bosses |access-date=16 August 2018}} </ref> Yalondebwa mu kifo ekyo nga 9 omwezi ogwomunaana 2018 era n’asikirwa Dr. Byaruhanga Emmanuel Kayogoza era nga ye muwi w’amagezi omukulu mu by’abakyala n’okuzaala nga mukulembeze omukulu omuggya okuva lwe yalondebwa mu June 2022.<ref name="2R">{{Cite web |last=Namagembe |first=Lilian |date=10 August 2018 |title=Government Appoints Directors for Kiruddu, Kawempe Hospitals |url=http://www.monitor.co.ug/News/National/Govt-appoints-directors-Kiruddu-Kawempe-hospitals/688334-4706006-15qy4up/index.html |access-date=16 August 2018}} </ref> == Obuvo bwe n'obuyigirize == Yazaalibwa mu [[:en:Western_Region,_Uganda|maserengeta]] ga Uganda. Oluvannyuma lw’okusomera mu masomero g’omu kitundu, yayingizibwa mu [[Makerere University, Uganda|yunivasite y’e Makerere]] okusoma obusawo bw’abantu, n’atikkirwa diguli mu [[:en:Bachelor_of_Medicine_and_Bachelor_of_Surgery|dagala nemukolulongosa abantu]] (MBChB). Ekyo yakigoberera n’afuna diguli [[:en:Master_of_Medicine|eyookubiri mu by’obusawo]] (MMed) mu [[:en:Obstetrics_and_Gynecology|by’okuzaalisa n’abakyala]], era okuva mu [[Makerere University, Uganda|yunivasite y’e Makerere]] . == Omulimu == Dr. Nehemiah Katusiime muwi wa magezi, nga yeegatta ku [[Mulago National Specialised Hospital|ddwaaliro lya Mulago National Referral Hospital]], eddwaliro lya Uganda erisinga obunene era [[:en:Tertiary_referral_hospital|ddwaaliro eddene erisindikibwaamu, mu matendekero aga waggulu]], nga lirimu ebitanda 1790, era nga lino likola ng’eddwaliro erisomesa erya [[:en:Makerere_University_College_of_Health_Sciences|Makerere University College of Health Sciences]] .<ref>{{cite web |last=Jedrzejko |first=Nicole |date=26 July 2015 |title=Day 3: What I've Learned About Mulago Hospital |url=https://njedrzejko.wordpress.com/2015/07/26/day-3-what-ive-learned-about-mulago-hospital/ |access-date=16 August 2018 |publisher=Njedrzejko.Wordpress.Com |location=Ontario, Canada}}</ref> Mulago National Referral Hospital kigambibwa nti ye waadi y’abakyala esinga okubeera n’emirimu mingi mu nsi yonna, nga buli mwaka bazaalibwa nga balamu abasukka mu 30,000, nga buli mwaka bazaalisa 32,654 mu myaka esatu okuva nga 1 omwezi ogwolubereberye 2011 okutuuka nga 31 omwezi ogwekkumineebiri 2013. Kino kitegeeza nti buli lunaku bazaala nga 90, oba abaana abazaalibwa nga 3.7 buli ssaawa, nga kuliko [[:en:Caesarean_section|Okulongoosebwa]] 20 ku 25 buli lunaku.<ref>{{cite web |last=Violet Nabatanzi |first=and Gloria Nakajubi |date=23 January 2015 |title=Mulago: The World's Busiest Labour Suite |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/new_vision/news/1319539/mulago-world-busiest-labour-suite |access-date=16 August 2018 |newspaper=[[New Vision]] |location=Kampala}}</ref> Mu mwaka gwa 2016, eddwaliro lya Mulago omupya lyakyusa waadi y’abakyala n’ebisenge ebizaalirwamu (labour ward) ne bidda mu ddwaaliro ekkulu e Kawempe eryaakaggwa, kisobozese okuddaabiriza n’okulongoosa ekizimbe kya New Mulago Complex.<ref name="6R">{{Cite web |last=Senyimba |first=Julius |date=21 September 2016 |title=Kawempe General Hospital Gets Ward Screens, Waste Bins |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/new_vision/news/1435814/kawempe-hospital-ward-screens-waste-bins |access-date=16 August 2018}} </ref> Mu mwezi gwomunaana wa 2018, Nehemiah Katusiime, MBChB, MMed (Obstetrics and Gynecology), yalondebwa [[:en:Executive_director|okukulira]] eddwaliro ekkulu elye Kawempe, eddwaliro ly’abitanda 200, eryegattira mu ddwaaliro e Mulago. Agenda kumumyuka Dr. [[Lawrence Kazibwe]] .<ref name="1R" /> <ref name="2R" /> == Laba ne == * [[:en:Kiruddu_General_Hospital|Eddwaliro ekkulu e Kiruddu]] * [[Mulago National Specialised Hospital|Eddwaaliro lya Mulago National Referral Hospital]] * [[:en:Makerere_University_College_of_Health_Sciences|Ettendekero lya Makerere University College of Health Sciences]] == Ebijuliziddwa == ql8ibkddj42of6r18tl30ej74q9nv5n President of Uganda 0 13157 48714 2026-05-03T10:30:24Z Kinenkey 10423 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1344767916|President of Uganda]]" 48714 wikitext text/x-wiki  <templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" />{{#section-h:2026 Ugandan general election|President}}'''Pulezidenti wa Uganda''' ye mukulembeze w'eggwanga era akulira gavumenti ya [[Yuganda|Uganda]] . Pulezidenti akulembera ekitongole kya gavumenti ya Uganda era nga ye muduumizi w'eggye lya [[Eggye lya Uganda People's Defense Force|Uganda People's Defence Force]].<ref name="Government of Uganda">{{Cite web |title=The President |url=https://www.gou.go.ug/content/president |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190227062223/https://www.gou.go.ug/content/president |archive-date=2019-02-27 |access-date=2019-02-26 |website=Government of Uganda}}</ref> == Ebyafaayo == Ofiisi ya pulezidenti wa Uganda yatandikibwawo nga 9th Ogwekkumi 1962 okudda mu bigere bya nnaabagereka wa Uganda (eyasembayo okubeera mu mikono gya Elizabeth II ) ng’omukulembeze w’eggwanga. Awamu, Gwali mulimu gwa mukolo. kwe kugamba nga tebulina buyinza bwa kifuzi mu kiseera ky’omukwasi wa Buganda eyasooka [[Ssekabaka Mutesa II|Mutesa II owa e'Buganda]] okutuusa ekizibu ky’e Mengo lwe kyaggwaako mu 1967 [[Milton Obote]] lwe yakwata obuyinza okumalawo omukago wakati w’ekibiina kya [[Uganda People's Congress|Uganda People’s Congress]] n’ebibiina [[Kabaka Yekka|bya Kabaka Yekka]] nga bigatta emirimu gya ssaabaminisita ne pulezidenti n’olwekyo n’atondawo pulezidenti wa Uganda eyasooka ng’alina obuyinza obufuzi. Ofiisi eno ebaddemu abantu 9 nga ku bano 8 (nga oggyeeko Edward Muteesa) bajja mu buyinza nga bayita mu kuwamba gavumenti mu magye n’olutalo lw’omunda. [[Yoweri Museveni]] ali mu ntebe. yajja mu buyinza mu 1986 era ye pulezidenti wa Uganda asinga okuwangaala, ng’asinga [[Idi Amin]] eyafuga okuva mu 1971 okutuuka mu 1979. == Ebisaanyizo == Mu 2005 ekkomo ku bisanja bya pulezidenti lyaggyibwawo,<ref name="termlimits">{{Cite web |last=Cook |first=Candace |last2=Siegle |first2=Joseph |title=Circumvention of Term Limits Weakens Governance in Africa |url=https://africacenter.org/spotlight/circumvention-of-term-limits-weakens-governance-in-africa/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230506143804/https://africacenter.org/spotlight/circumvention-of-term-limits-weakens-governance-in-africa/ |archive-date=2023-05-06 |access-date=2023-05-06 |website=Africa Center for Strategic Studies}}</ref> ate mu 2017, ekkomo ku myaka egy’oku ntikko eryaliwo edda erya 75 nalyo lyaggyibwawo.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Athumani|first1=Halima|title=Proposed Changes to Uganda's Presidential Age Limit Hit Roadblock|url=https://www.voanews.com/a/proposed-changes-ugandas-presidential-age-limit-hit-roadblock/4038715.html|work=Voice of America|date=September 21, 2017|archive-date=August 8, 2018|access-date=September 21, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180808203141/https://www.voanews.com/a/proposed-changes-ugandas-presidential-age-limit-hit-roadblock/4038715.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Mu nnyingo 102 eya Ssemateeka, omuntu okusobola okukkirizibwa okwesimbawo ku bwapulezidenti alina okuba nga mutuuze wa Uganda mu buzaale, nga tasussa myaka amakumi asatu mu etaano era nga alina ebisaanyizo okubeera omubaka wa Palamenti.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Uganda |url=https://www.helplinelaw.com/law/uganda/constitution/constitution08.php |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220818185922/https://www.helplinelaw.com/law/uganda/constitution/constitution08.php |archive-date=2022-08-18 |access-date=2021-05-27}}</ref> State House ye amaka ama tongole aga pulezidenti wa Uganda. State House enkulu yazimbibwa mu 1925 ku mulembe gwa Sir Geoffrey Archer ku bwa Gavana e [[Entebbe]] ekibuga ekikulu mu kiseera ekyo okukola ng'amaka g'abamyuka abatongole ( Government House ) ga Gavana wa Uganda . Oluvannyuma lw’eggwanga okufuna obwetwaze mu 1962, amaka gano gaagenda mu maaso n’okubeera amaka ga pulezidenti wa Uganda mu butongole. Wabula yasooka kubeeramu Sir William Frederick Gowers, ate State House eyookubiri eri e [[Nakasero kasozi|Nakasero]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=State House of Uganda |url=https://www.ugandahighcommissionpretoria.com/State-House.html |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220120011448/http://www.ugandahighcommissionpretoria.com/State-House.html |archive-date=January 20, 2022 |access-date=2023-01-12 |website=www.ugandahighcommissionpretoria.com}}</ref> == Okulonda okuliwo == {{#section-h:2026 Ugandan general election|President}} == Laba ne == * Olukalala lw'abakulembeze b'amawanga ga Uganda * Omumyuka wa Pulezidenti wa Uganda * [[Ssaabaminisita wa Uganda]] * Ebyobufuzi bya Uganda * [[Ebyafaayo bya Uganda]] * [[Olukalala lw'ebibiina by'obufuzi mu Uganda]] == Ebijuliziddwa == <references /> == Ebijuliziddwa eby’ebweru == * [http://www.statehouse.go.ug/ State House of Uganda] omukutu omutongole * [http://www.ugpulse.com/search.asp?ugaSrch=uganda+elections Okulonda kwa Uganda 2006: Ebikwata ku UGPulse] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20041021031648/http://www.cwm-uganda.org/uganda/rulers.htm Abafuzi ba Uganda Abayise n'abaakaseera kano], Minsani y' embeera y'abaana, Uganda * [https://www.youtube.com/tomska Ebisingawo ku Pulezidenti wa Uganda aliwo kati] Youtube's Channel tc1ua4ujr7dv3it8b5dwezntd76re6r 48717 48714 2026-05-03T10:39:23Z Kinenkey 10423 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1344767916|President of Uganda]]" 48717 wikitext text/x-wiki  <templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" />{{#section-h:2026 Ugandan general election|President}}'''Pulezidenti wa Uganda''' ye [[:en:Head_of_state|mukulembeze w'eggwanga]] era [[:en:Head_of_government|akulira gavumenti]] ya [[:en:Uganda|Uganda]] . [[:en:President_(government_title)|Pulezidenti]] akulembera [[:en:Executive_(government)|ekitongole]] kya [[:en:Government_of_Uganda|gavumenti ya Uganda]] era nga ye [[:en:Commander-in-chief|muduumizi w'eggye]] lya [[:en:Uganda_People's_Defence_Force|Uganda People's Defence Force]].<ref name="Government of Uganda">{{Cite web |title=The President |url=https://www.gou.go.ug/content/president |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190227062223/https://www.gou.go.ug/content/president |archive-date=2019-02-27 |access-date=2019-02-26 |website=Government of Uganda}}</ref> == Ebyafaayo == Ofiisi ya pulezidenti wa Uganda yatandikibwawo nga 9th Ogwekkumi 1962 okudda mu bigere bya nnaabagereka wa Uganda (eyasembayo okubeera mu mikono gya [[:en:Elizabeth_II|Elizabeth II]] ) ng’omukulembeze w’eggwanga. Awamu, Gwali mulimu gwa mukolo. kwe kugamba nga tebulina buyinza bwa kifuzi mu kiseera ky’omukwasi wa Buganda eyasooka [[Ssekabaka Mutesa II|Mutesa II owa e'Buganda]] okutuusa [[:en:Mengo_Crisis|ekizibu ky’e Mengo]] lwe kyaggwaako mu 1967 [[Milton Obote]] lwe yakwata obuyinza okumalawo omukago wakati w’ekibiina kya [[Uganda People's Congress|Uganda People’s Congress]] n’ebibiina [[Kabaka Yekka|bya Kabaka Yekka]] nga bigatta emirimu gya [[:en:Prime_minister|ssaabaminisita]] ne pulezidenti n’olwekyo n’atondawo pulezidenti wa Uganda eyasooka ng’alina obuyinza obufuzi. Ofiisi eno ebaddemu abantu 9 nga ku bano 8 (nga oggyeeko Edward Muteesa) bajja mu buyinza nga bayita mu kuwamba gavumenti mu magye n’olutalo lw’omunda. [[Yoweri Museveni]] ali mu ntebe. yajja mu buyinza mu 1986 era ye pulezidenti wa Uganda asinga okuwangaala, ng’asinga [[Idi Amin]] eyafuga okuva mu 1971 okutuuka mu 1979. == Ebisaanyizo == Mu 2005 [[:en:Term_limits|ekkomo ku bisanja bya]] pulezidenti lyaggyibwawo,<ref name="termlimits">{{Cite web |last=Cook |first=Candace |last2=Siegle |first2=Joseph |title=Circumvention of Term Limits Weakens Governance in Africa |url=https://africacenter.org/spotlight/circumvention-of-term-limits-weakens-governance-in-africa/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230506143804/https://africacenter.org/spotlight/circumvention-of-term-limits-weakens-governance-in-africa/ |archive-date=2023-05-06 |access-date=2023-05-06 |website=Africa Center for Strategic Studies}}</ref> ate mu 2017, ekkomo ku myaka egy’oku ntikko eryaliwo edda erya 75 nalyo lyaggyibwawo.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Athumani|first1=Halima|title=Proposed Changes to Uganda's Presidential Age Limit Hit Roadblock|url=https://www.voanews.com/a/proposed-changes-ugandas-presidential-age-limit-hit-roadblock/4038715.html|work=Voice of America|date=September 21, 2017|archive-date=August 8, 2018|access-date=September 21, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180808203141/https://www.voanews.com/a/proposed-changes-ugandas-presidential-age-limit-hit-roadblock/4038715.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Mu nnyingo 102 eya Ssemateeka, omuntu okusobola okukkirizibwa okwesimbawo ku bwapulezidenti alina okuba nga mutuuze wa Uganda mu buzaale, nga tasussa myaka amakumi asatu mu etaano era nga alina ebisaanyizo okubeera omubaka wa Palamenti.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Uganda |url=https://www.helplinelaw.com/law/uganda/constitution/constitution08.php |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220818185922/https://www.helplinelaw.com/law/uganda/constitution/constitution08.php |archive-date=2022-08-18 |access-date=2021-05-27}}</ref> [[:en:State_House_(Uganda)|State House]] ye [[:en:Official_residence|amaka ama tongole]] aga pulezidenti wa Uganda. State House enkulu yazimbibwa mu 1925 ku mulembe gwa Sir [[:en:Geoffrey_Archer_(colonial_administrator)|Geoffrey Archer]] ku bwa Gavana e [[Entebbe]] ekibuga ekikulu mu kiseera ekyo okukola ng'amaka g'abamyuka abatongole ( [[:en:Government_House|Government House]] ) ga [[:en:Governor_of_Uganda|Gavana wa Uganda]] . Oluvannyuma lw’eggwanga okufuna obwetwaze mu 1962, amaka gano gaagenda mu maaso n’okubeera amaka ga pulezidenti wa Uganda mu butongole. Wabula yasooka kubeeramu Sir [[:en:William_Frederick_Gowers|William Frederick Gowers]], ate State House eyookubiri eri e [[:en:Nakasero|Nakasero]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=State House of Uganda |url=https://www.ugandahighcommissionpretoria.com/State-House.html |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220120011448/http://www.ugandahighcommissionpretoria.com/State-House.html |archive-date=January 20, 2022 |access-date=2023-01-12 |website=www.ugandahighcommissionpretoria.com}}</ref> == Okulonda okuliwo == {{#section-h:2026 Ugandan general election|President}} == Laba ne == * [[:en:List_of_heads_of_state_of_Uganda|Olukalala lw'abakulembeze b'amawanga ga Uganda]] * [[:en:Vice_President_of_Uganda|Omumyuka wa Pulezidenti wa Uganda]] * [[:en:Prime_Minister_of_Uganda|Ssaabaminisita wa Uganda]] * [[:en:Politics_of_Uganda|Ebyobufuzi bya Uganda]] * [[Ebyafaayo bya Uganda]] * [[Olukalala lw'ebibiina by'obufuzi mu Uganda]] == Ebijuliziddwa == <references /> == Ebijuliziddwa eby’ebweru == * [http://www.statehouse.go.ug/ State House of Uganda] omukutu omutongole * [http://www.ugpulse.com/search.asp?ugaSrch=uganda+elections Okulonda kwa Uganda 2006: Ebikwata ku UGPulse] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20041021031648/http://www.cwm-uganda.org/uganda/rulers.htm Abafuzi ba Uganda Abayise n'abaakaseera kano], Minsani y' embeera y'abaana, Uganda * [https://www.youtube.com/tomska Ebisingawo ku Pulezidenti wa Uganda aliwo kati] Youtube's Channel 2110gljluzvi5ocap1n1uv0b2z5kgm6 48718 48717 2026-05-03T10:49:32Z Kinenkey 10423 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1344767916|President of Uganda]]" 48718 wikitext text/x-wiki  <templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" />{{#section-h:2026 Ugandan general election|President}}<templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css"></templatestyles><templatestyles src="Hlist/styles.css" />'''Pulezidenti wa Uganda''' ye [[:en:Head_of_state|mukulembeze w'eggwanga]] era [[:en:Head_of_government|akulira gavumenti]] ya [[:en:Uganda|Uganda]] . [[:en:President_(government_title)|Pulezidenti]] akulembera [[:en:Executive_(government)|ekitongole]] kya [[:en:Government_of_Uganda|gavumenti ya Uganda]] era nga ye [[:en:Commander-in-chief|muduumizi w'eggye]] lya [[:en:Uganda_People's_Defence_Force|Uganda People's Defence Force]].<ref name="Government of Uganda">{{Cite web |title=The President |url=https://www.gou.go.ug/content/president |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190227062223/https://www.gou.go.ug/content/president |archive-date=2019-02-27 |access-date=2019-02-26 |website=Government of Uganda}}</ref> == Ebyafaayo == Ofiisi ya pulezidenti wa Uganda yatandikibwawo nga 9th Ogwekkumi 1962 okudda mu bigere bya nnaabagereka wa Uganda (eyasembayo okubeera mu mikono gya [[:en:Elizabeth_II|Elizabeth II]] ) ng’omukulembeze w’eggwanga. Awamu, Gwali mulimu gwa mukolo. kwe kugamba nga tebulina buyinza bwa kifuzi mu kiseera ky’omukwasi wa Buganda eyasooka [[Ssekabaka Mutesa II|Mutesa II owa e'Buganda]] okutuusa [[:en:Mengo_Crisis|ekizibu ky’e Mengo]] lwe kyaggwaako mu 1967 [[Milton Obote]] lwe yakwata obuyinza okumalawo omukago wakati w’ekibiina kya [[Uganda People's Congress|Uganda People’s Congress]] n’ebibiina [[Kabaka Yekka|bya Kabaka Yekka]] nga bigatta emirimu gya [[:en:Prime_minister|ssaabaminisita]] ne pulezidenti n’olwekyo n’atondawo pulezidenti wa Uganda eyasooka ng’alina obuyinza obufuzi. Ofiisi eno ebaddemu abantu 9 nga ku bano 8 (nga oggyeeko Edward Muteesa) bajja mu buyinza nga bayita mu kuwamba gavumenti mu magye n’olutalo lw’omunda. [[Yoweri Museveni]] ali mu ntebe. yajja mu buyinza mu 1986 era ye pulezidenti wa Uganda asinga okuwangaala, ng’asinga [[Idi Amin]] eyafuga okuva mu 1971 okutuuka mu 1979. == Ebisaanyizo == Mu 2005 [[:en:Term_limits|ekkomo ku bisanja bya]] pulezidenti lyaggyibwawo,<ref name="termlimits">{{Cite web |last=Cook |first=Candace |last2=Siegle |first2=Joseph |title=Circumvention of Term Limits Weakens Governance in Africa |url=https://africacenter.org/spotlight/circumvention-of-term-limits-weakens-governance-in-africa/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230506143804/https://africacenter.org/spotlight/circumvention-of-term-limits-weakens-governance-in-africa/ |archive-date=2023-05-06 |access-date=2023-05-06 |website=Africa Center for Strategic Studies}}</ref> ate mu 2017, ekkomo ku myaka egy’oku ntikko eryaliwo edda erya 75 nalyo lyaggyibwawo.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Athumani|first1=Halima|title=Proposed Changes to Uganda's Presidential Age Limit Hit Roadblock|url=https://www.voanews.com/a/proposed-changes-ugandas-presidential-age-limit-hit-roadblock/4038715.html|work=Voice of America|date=September 21, 2017|archive-date=August 8, 2018|access-date=September 21, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180808203141/https://www.voanews.com/a/proposed-changes-ugandas-presidential-age-limit-hit-roadblock/4038715.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Mu nnyingo 102 eya Ssemateeka, omuntu okusobola okukkirizibwa okwesimbawo ku bwapulezidenti alina okuba nga mutuuze wa Uganda mu buzaale, nga tasussa myaka amakumi asatu mu etaano era nga alina ebisaanyizo okubeera omubaka wa Palamenti.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Uganda |url=https://www.helplinelaw.com/law/uganda/constitution/constitution08.php |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220818185922/https://www.helplinelaw.com/law/uganda/constitution/constitution08.php |archive-date=2022-08-18 |access-date=2021-05-27}}</ref> [[:en:State_House_(Uganda)|State House]] ye [[:en:Official_residence|amaka ama tongole]] aga pulezidenti wa Uganda. State House enkulu yazimbibwa mu 1925 ku mulembe gwa Sir [[:en:Geoffrey_Archer_(colonial_administrator)|Geoffrey Archer]] ku bwa Gavana e [[Entebbe]] ekibuga ekikulu mu kiseera ekyo okukola ng'amaka g'abamyuka abatongole ( [[:en:Government_House|Government House]] ) ga [[:en:Governor_of_Uganda|Gavana wa Uganda]] . Oluvannyuma lw’eggwanga okufuna obwetwaze mu 1962, amaka gano gaagenda mu maaso n’okubeera amaka ga pulezidenti wa Uganda mu butongole. Wabula yasooka kubeeramu Sir [[:en:William_Frederick_Gowers|William Frederick Gowers]], ate State House eyookubiri eri e [[:en:Nakasero|Nakasero]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=State House of Uganda |url=https://www.ugandahighcommissionpretoria.com/State-House.html |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220120011448/http://www.ugandahighcommissionpretoria.com/State-House.html |archive-date=January 20, 2022 |access-date=2023-01-12 |website=www.ugandahighcommissionpretoria.com}}</ref> == Okulonda okuliwo == {{#section-h:2026 Ugandan general election|President}} == Laba ne == * [[:en:List_of_heads_of_state_of_Uganda|Olukalala lw'abakulembeze b'amawanga ga Uganda]] * [[:en:Vice_President_of_Uganda|Omumyuka wa Pulezidenti wa Uganda]] * [[:en:Prime_Minister_of_Uganda|Ssaabaminisita wa Uganda]] * [[:en:Politics_of_Uganda|Ebyobufuzi bya Uganda]] * [[Ebyafaayo bya Uganda]] * [[Olukalala lw'ebibiina by'obufuzi mu Uganda]] == Ebijuliziddwa == <references /> == Ebijuliziddwa eby’ebweru == * [http://www.statehouse.go.ug/ State House of Uganda] omukutu omutongole * [http://www.ugpulse.com/search.asp?ugaSrch=uganda+elections Okulonda kwa Uganda 2006: Ebikwata ku UGPulse] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20041021031648/http://www.cwm-uganda.org/uganda/rulers.htm Abafuzi ba Uganda Abayise n'abaakaseera kano], Minsani y' embeera y'abaana, Uganda * [https://www.youtube.com/tomska Ebisingawo ku Pulezidenti wa Uganda aliwo kati] Youtube's Channel p9vp6ofmsnsp3t973vas9cxs7v986e3 Kiddu Makubuya 0 13158 48719 2026-05-03T10:50:45Z Berniter 10779 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1345810270|Kiddu Makubuya]]" 48719 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Kiddu Makubuya''' (30 Omwezi gwomusanvu 1949 – 19 August 2024) yali munna Uganda, munnamateeka, munnabyabufuzi, era omuyivu. Yaliko minisita w’emirimu egy’ewamu mu ofiisi ya ssaabaminisita. ekyo yalondebwa ku kifo kino nga 27 Omwezi gwokutaano 2011, n’adda mu bigere bya [[Janat Mukwaya]] eyawummula ebyobufuzi eby’okulonda. <ref>{{cite web |last=Uganda State House |date=27 May 2011 |title=Comprehensive List of New Cabinet Appointments & Dropped Ministers |url=https://www.facebook.com/note.php?note_id=10150208384704078&comments |accessdate=13 March 2015 |publisher=[[Facebook.com]]}}</ref> Nga tannatuuka ku kino, okuva mu mwaka gwa 2005 okutuuka mu 2011, yali Ssaabawaabi wa Gavumenti wa Uganda . <ref name="AG">{{cite web |last=Felix Osike |first=and Henry Mukasa |date=13 January 2005 |title=Cabinet Shuffled |url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/D/8/12/411869 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402131338/http://www.newvision.co.ug/D/8/12/411869 |archivedate=2 April 2015 |accessdate=13 March 2015 |location=Kampala |newspaper=[[New Vision]]}}</ref> Yalekulira mu kabineti nga 16 omwezi gwokubiri 2012 wakati mu bigambibwa nti yabulankanya ssente za gavumenti. <ref>{{cite web |last=Sheila Naturinda |first=and Yasiin Mugerwa |date=17 February 2012 |title=Makubuya, Bbumba Resign From Cabinet |url=http://www.monitor.co.ug/News/National/-/688334/1329176/-/b0pd8uz/-/ |accessdate=13 March 2015 |newspaper=[[Daily Monitor]] |location=Kampala}}</ref> <ref name="Name">{{cite web |last=Kiggundu |first=Edris |date=17 February 2012 |title=Politics Tarnishes Makubuya's Image |url=http://www.observer.ug/component/content/article?id=17212:politics-tarnishes-makubuya-image |accessdate=13 March 2015 |newspaper=[[The Observer (Uganda)]]}}</ref> Era yali [[Parliament of Uganda|mmemba wa palaamenti]], ng'akiikirira Katikamu Ssaza ly'eBuukiika ddyo, [[Luweero (disitulikit)|mu Disitulikiti y'e Luweero]] . <ref name="Parliament">{{cite web |last=POU |date=2011 |title=Profile of Edward Makubuya Khiddu, Member of Parliament for Katikamu County South, Luwero District |url=http://www.parliament.go.ug/mpdata/mps.hei?p=f&n=t&details=t&j=147.000000&const=Katikamu+County+South&dist_id=4.000000&distname=Luwero |accessdate=13 March 2015 |publisher=[[Parliament of Uganda]] (POU)}}</ref> == Obutobwe n’okusoma kwe == Makubuya yazaalibwa nga 30 Omwezi gwomusanvu 1949. Yalina Diguli ey’omutendera ogusooka mu Mateeka okuva mu [[Makerere University, Uganda|Yunivasite y’e Makerere]], gye yafuna mu mwka gwa 1974. Era yalina Diguli eyokubiri mu mateeka ne Diguli ya Dokita mu Ssaayansi w’Amateeka , zombi okuva mu Yale Law School era n’afuna mu 1976 ne 1979. Bwe yakomawo mu Uganda, yeegattaku kitongole ekikuuma n’okusomesa amateeka ( [[Law Development Centre|Law Development Center]]} gye yamalira [[:en:Legal_practice|Dipuloma ye mu by'amateeka]] wakati wo mwaka gwa 1981 ne 1982. Yeewandiisa nga omuwolereza wa kkooti enkulu mu Uganda mu mwaka gwa 1985. <ref name="Parliament">{{Cite web |last=POU |date=2011 |title=Profile of Edward Makubuya Khiddu, Member of Parliament for Katikamu County South, Luwero District |url=http://www.parliament.go.ug/mpdata/mps.hei?p=f&n=t&details=t&j=147.000000&const=Katikamu+County+South&dist_id=4.000000&distname=Luwero |access-date=13 March 2015 |publisher=[[Parliament of Uganda]] (POU)}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFPOU2011">POU (2011). [http://www.parliament.go.ug/mpdata/mps.hei?p=f&n=t&details=t&j=147.000000&const=Katikamu+County+South&dist_id=4.000000&distname=Luwero "Profile of Edward Makubuya Khiddu, Member of Parliament for Katikamu County South, Luwero District"]. [[Parliament of Uganda]] (POU)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 March</span> 2015</span>.</cite></ref> == Emirimu ebweru w’ebyobufuzi == Makubuya yakola ng’omuyambi ow’enjawulo mu kitongole ky’amateeka, ku Makerere University, mu mwaka gwa 1974 ne 1975. Mu mwaka gwa 1979, yakuzibwa n’afuulibwa omusomesa mu Yunivasite y’emu, ekifo kye yalimu okutuusa mu mwaka gwa 1982 lwe yafuuka omusomesa omukulu . Mu mwaka gwa 1984, yakuzibwa n’afuulibwa [[:en:Associate_professor|pulofeesa omukwanaganya]] . Era yakolagana ne Kasolo mu kkampuni ey’obwannannyini mumateeka eya Kasolo & Khiddu Advocates. Makubuya yali mmemba ku kakiiko akavunaanyizibwa ku Ssemateeka wa Uganda, akaayamba ennyo mu kuwandiika Ssemateeka wa Uganda mu mwaka gwa 1995. Yali mmemba w’akakiiko akanoonyereza ku kutyoboola eddembe ly’obuntu. Wakati wo mwaka gwa 1984 ne 1987, yaliko omuwandiisi omukulu mu lupapula lwa [[Uganda Law Society]] Review. Makubuya yali akulira ekitongole ky’amateeka mu Makerere University, okutuusa mu mwaka gwa 1995, lwe yalondebwa okuba dayirekita w’ekitongole kya Uganda Human Rights and Peace Center. <ref name="Parliament">{{Cite web |last=POU |date=2011 |title=Profile of Edward Makubuya Khiddu, Member of Parliament for Katikamu County South, Luwero District |url=http://www.parliament.go.ug/mpdata/mps.hei?p=f&n=t&details=t&j=147.000000&const=Katikamu+County+South&dist_id=4.000000&distname=Luwero |access-date=13 March 2015 |publisher=[[Parliament of Uganda]] (POU)}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFPOU2011">POU (2011). [http://www.parliament.go.ug/mpdata/mps.hei?p=f&n=t&details=t&j=147.000000&const=Katikamu+County+South&dist_id=4.000000&distname=Luwero "Profile of Edward Makubuya Khiddu, Member of Parliament for Katikamu County South, Luwero District"]. [[Parliament of Uganda]] (POU)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 March</span> 2015</span>.</cite></ref> == Omulimu gwe ogw’ebyobufuzi == Makubuya yeegatta ku byobufuzi mu mwaka gwa 1988. Mu mwaka gwa 1996 yalondebwa okuba omubaka wa Palaamenti mu Bukiika ddyo mu "Katikamu Consituwensi " mu [[Luweero (disitulikit)|Disitulikiti y'e Luweero]]. Oluvannyuma yalondebwa okuba Minisita w'eggwanga mu Luweero Triangle mu ofiisi ya Pulezidenti . Mu mwaka gwa 1998 ofiisi ye nga Minisita w'eggwanga avunaanyizibwa ku Luweero Triangle yakyusibwa n'etwalibwa mu [[Ssaabaminisita wa Uganda|ofiisi ya Ssaabaminisita]] . Mu mwaka gwe gumu, yalondebwa okuba Minisita w’eggwanga ow’ensonga z’ebweru (International Cooperation), ekifo kye yalina okutuusa nga 5 Omwezi gwokuna , 1999, lwe yalondebwa okuba Minisita w’ebyenjigiriza n’emizannyo .Yaliko Minisita w’ebyamateeka mu Uganda era Ssaabawolereza wa Gavumenti, okuva nga 14 Omwezi gwoluberyeberye mu mwaka gwa 2005 okutuuka nga 27 Omwezigwokutaano omwaka gwa 2011, lwe yakwata ekifo kya [[Ssaabaminisita wa Uganda|Minisita w’emirimu egy’enjawulo mu ofiisi ya Ssaabaminisita]] . <ref name="AG">{{Cite web |last=Felix Osike |first=and Henry Mukasa |date=13 January 2005 |title=Cabinet Shuffled |url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/D/8/12/411869 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402131338/http://www.newvision.co.ug/D/8/12/411869 |archive-date=2 April 2015 |access-date=13 March 2015}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFFelix_Osike2005">Felix Osike, and Henry Mukasa (13 January 2005). [https://web.archive.org/web/20150402131338/http://www.newvision.co.ug/D/8/12/411869 "Cabinet Shuffled"]. ''[[New Vision (olupapula lw'amawulire)|New Vision]]''. Kampala. Archived from [http://www.newvision.co.ug/D/8/12/411869 the original] on 2 April 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 March</span> 2015</span>.</cite></ref> Yalekulira mu kabineti nga 16omwezi gwokubiri mu mwaka gwa 2012. <ref name="Name">{{Cite web |last=Kiggundu |first=Edris |date=17 February 2012 |title=Politics Tarnishes Makubuya's Image |url=http://www.observer.ug/component/content/article?id=17212:politics-tarnishes-makubuya-image |access-date=13 March 2015}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFKiggundu2012">Kiggundu, Edris (17 February 2012). [http://www.observer.ug/component/content/article?id=17212:politics-tarnishes-makubuya-image "Politics Tarnishes Makubuya's Image"]. ''[[The Observer|The Observer (Uganda)]]''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 March</span> 2015</span>.</cite></ref> == Emirimu emirala == Ng’oggyeeko obumanyirivu nobukugu, Makubuya yaweereza era yadukanya emirimu egiwerako. Wakati wo mwaka gwa 1981 ne 1982, yaliko omukiise ku lukiiko lw’amateeka olwa Uganda Law Council n’akakiiko akaddukanya ekitongole ekikulaakulanya amateeka. Yali mmemba ku bukiiko obw’enjawulo ku [[Makerere University, Uganda|Yunivasite y’e Makerere]], omuli ne Senate.Omukulembeze eyali minister yali ayagala nnyo okunoonyereza ku '''nsonga z’ensibuko n’enkola y’amateeka''' , amateeka g’amaka, amateeka g’ensi yonna, amateeka n’enkulaakulana, eddembe ly’obuntu eri abakyala, amateeka g’ettaka n’okuteekateeka ettaka, ensimbi z’enkulaakulana, amateeka g’ababundabunda, amateeka ga ssemateeka, n’omuwendo gw’abantu, n’ekikula ky’abantu n’amateeka. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kiggundu |first=Edris |title=Politics tarnishes Makubuya image |url=https://www.observer.ug/news-headlines/17212-politics-tarnishes-makubuya-image |access-date=17 February 2022 |website=The Observer - Uganda |language=en-gb}}</ref> == Okufa == Makubuya yafiira mu Uganda nga 19 Omwezi gwomunaana 2024, ku myaka 75. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kiggundu |first=Edris |title=Politics tarnishes Makubuya image |url=https://www.observer.ug/news-headlines/17212-politics-tarnishes-makubuya-image |access-date=17 February 2022 |website=The Observer - Uganda |language=en-gb}}</ref> == Laba ne == * Ebyobufuzi bya Uganda == Ebijuliziddwa == == Ebijuliziddwa wabweru wa wikipedia == * [http://www.monitor.co.ug/News/National/-/688334/1170806/-/c0y8sbz/-/index.html Olukalala lwa kabineti mu bujjuvu, Ogwokutaano 2011] p46zd6w67qha2hshxg86g95mjxayel0 48720 48719 2026-05-03T10:51:59Z Quinlan83 6593 Fix 48720 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kiddu Makubuya''' (30 Omwezi gwomusanvu 1949 – 19 August 2024) yali munna Uganda, munnamateeka, munnabyabufuzi, era omuyivu. Yaliko minisita w’emirimu egy’ewamu mu ofiisi ya ssaabaminisita. ekyo yalondebwa ku kifo kino nga 27 Omwezi gwokutaano 2011, n’adda mu bigere bya [[Janat Mukwaya]] eyawummula ebyobufuzi eby’okulonda. <ref>{{cite web |last=Uganda State House |date=27 May 2011 |title=Comprehensive List of New Cabinet Appointments & Dropped Ministers |url=https://www.facebook.com/note.php?note_id=10150208384704078&comments |accessdate=13 March 2015 |publisher=[[Facebook.com]]}}</ref> Nga tannatuuka ku kino, okuva mu mwaka gwa 2005 okutuuka mu 2011, yali Ssaabawaabi wa Gavumenti wa Uganda . <ref name="AG">{{cite web |last=Felix Osike |first=and Henry Mukasa |date=13 January 2005 |title=Cabinet Shuffled |url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/D/8/12/411869 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402131338/http://www.newvision.co.ug/D/8/12/411869 |archivedate=2 April 2015 |accessdate=13 March 2015 |location=Kampala |newspaper=[[New Vision]]}}</ref> Yalekulira mu kabineti nga 16 omwezi gwokubiri 2012 wakati mu bigambibwa nti yabulankanya ssente za gavumenti. <ref>{{cite web |last=Sheila Naturinda |first=and Yasiin Mugerwa |date=17 February 2012 |title=Makubuya, Bbumba Resign From Cabinet |url=http://www.monitor.co.ug/News/National/-/688334/1329176/-/b0pd8uz/-/ |accessdate=13 March 2015 |newspaper=[[Daily Monitor]] |location=Kampala}}</ref> <ref name="Name">{{cite web |last=Kiggundu |first=Edris |date=17 February 2012 |title=Politics Tarnishes Makubuya's Image |url=http://www.observer.ug/component/content/article?id=17212:politics-tarnishes-makubuya-image |accessdate=13 March 2015 |newspaper=[[The Observer (Uganda)]]}}</ref> Era yali [[Parliament of Uganda|mmemba wa palaamenti]], ng'akiikirira Katikamu Ssaza ly'eBuukiika ddyo, [[Luweero (disitulikit)|mu Disitulikiti y'e Luweero]] . <ref name="Parliament">{{cite web |last=POU |date=2011 |title=Profile of Edward Makubuya Khiddu, Member of Parliament for Katikamu County South, Luwero District |url=http://www.parliament.go.ug/mpdata/mps.hei?p=f&n=t&details=t&j=147.000000&const=Katikamu+County+South&dist_id=4.000000&distname=Luwero |accessdate=13 March 2015 |publisher=[[Parliament of Uganda]] (POU)}}</ref> == Obutobwe n’okusoma kwe == Makubuya yazaalibwa nga 30 Omwezi gwomusanvu 1949. Yalina Diguli ey’omutendera ogusooka mu Mateeka okuva mu [[Makerere University, Uganda|Yunivasite y’e Makerere]], gye yafuna mu mwka gwa 1974. Era yalina Diguli eyokubiri mu mateeka ne Diguli ya Dokita mu Ssaayansi w’Amateeka , zombi okuva mu Yale Law School era n’afuna mu 1976 ne 1979. Bwe yakomawo mu Uganda, yeegattaku kitongole ekikuuma n’okusomesa amateeka ( [[Law Development Centre|Law Development Center]]} gye yamalira [[:en:Legal_practice|Dipuloma ye mu by'amateeka]] wakati wo mwaka gwa 1981 ne 1982. Yeewandiisa nga omuwolereza wa kkooti enkulu mu Uganda mu mwaka gwa 1985. <ref name="Parliament">{{Cite web |last=POU |date=2011 |title=Profile of Edward Makubuya Khiddu, Member of Parliament for Katikamu County South, Luwero District |url=http://www.parliament.go.ug/mpdata/mps.hei?p=f&n=t&details=t&j=147.000000&const=Katikamu+County+South&dist_id=4.000000&distname=Luwero |access-date=13 March 2015 |publisher=[[Parliament of Uganda]] (POU)}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFPOU2011">POU (2011). [http://www.parliament.go.ug/mpdata/mps.hei?p=f&n=t&details=t&j=147.000000&const=Katikamu+County+South&dist_id=4.000000&distname=Luwero "Profile of Edward Makubuya Khiddu, Member of Parliament for Katikamu County South, Luwero District"]. [[Parliament of Uganda]] (POU)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 March</span> 2015</span>.</cite></ref> == Emirimu ebweru w’ebyobufuzi == Makubuya yakola ng’omuyambi ow’enjawulo mu kitongole ky’amateeka, ku Makerere University, mu mwaka gwa 1974 ne 1975. Mu mwaka gwa 1979, yakuzibwa n’afuulibwa omusomesa mu Yunivasite y’emu, ekifo kye yalimu okutuusa mu mwaka gwa 1982 lwe yafuuka omusomesa omukulu . Mu mwaka gwa 1984, yakuzibwa n’afuulibwa [[:en:Associate_professor|pulofeesa omukwanaganya]] . Era yakolagana ne Kasolo mu kkampuni ey’obwannannyini mumateeka eya Kasolo & Khiddu Advocates. Makubuya yali mmemba ku kakiiko akavunaanyizibwa ku Ssemateeka wa Uganda, akaayamba ennyo mu kuwandiika Ssemateeka wa Uganda mu mwaka gwa 1995. Yali mmemba w’akakiiko akanoonyereza ku kutyoboola eddembe ly’obuntu. Wakati wo mwaka gwa 1984 ne 1987, yaliko omuwandiisi omukulu mu lupapula lwa [[Uganda Law Society]] Review. Makubuya yali akulira ekitongole ky’amateeka mu Makerere University, okutuusa mu mwaka gwa 1995, lwe yalondebwa okuba dayirekita w’ekitongole kya Uganda Human Rights and Peace Center. <ref name="Parliament">{{Cite web |last=POU |date=2011 |title=Profile of Edward Makubuya Khiddu, Member of Parliament for Katikamu County South, Luwero District |url=http://www.parliament.go.ug/mpdata/mps.hei?p=f&n=t&details=t&j=147.000000&const=Katikamu+County+South&dist_id=4.000000&distname=Luwero |access-date=13 March 2015 |publisher=[[Parliament of Uganda]] (POU)}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFPOU2011">POU (2011). [http://www.parliament.go.ug/mpdata/mps.hei?p=f&n=t&details=t&j=147.000000&const=Katikamu+County+South&dist_id=4.000000&distname=Luwero "Profile of Edward Makubuya Khiddu, Member of Parliament for Katikamu County South, Luwero District"]. [[Parliament of Uganda]] (POU)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 March</span> 2015</span>.</cite></ref> == Omulimu gwe ogw’ebyobufuzi == Makubuya yeegatta ku byobufuzi mu mwaka gwa 1988. Mu mwaka gwa 1996 yalondebwa okuba omubaka wa Palaamenti mu Bukiika ddyo mu "Katikamu Consituwensi " mu [[Luweero (disitulikit)|Disitulikiti y'e Luweero]]. Oluvannyuma yalondebwa okuba Minisita w'eggwanga mu Luweero Triangle mu ofiisi ya Pulezidenti . Mu mwaka gwa 1998 ofiisi ye nga Minisita w'eggwanga avunaanyizibwa ku Luweero Triangle yakyusibwa n'etwalibwa mu [[Ssaabaminisita wa Uganda|ofiisi ya Ssaabaminisita]] . Mu mwaka gwe gumu, yalondebwa okuba Minisita w’eggwanga ow’ensonga z’ebweru (International Cooperation), ekifo kye yalina okutuusa nga 5 Omwezi gwokuna , 1999, lwe yalondebwa okuba Minisita w’ebyenjigiriza n’emizannyo .Yaliko Minisita w’ebyamateeka mu Uganda era Ssaabawolereza wa Gavumenti, okuva nga 14 Omwezi gwoluberyeberye mu mwaka gwa 2005 okutuuka nga 27 Omwezigwokutaano omwaka gwa 2011, lwe yakwata ekifo kya [[Ssaabaminisita wa Uganda|Minisita w’emirimu egy’enjawulo mu ofiisi ya Ssaabaminisita]] . <ref name="AG">{{Cite web |last=Felix Osike |first=and Henry Mukasa |date=13 January 2005 |title=Cabinet Shuffled |url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/D/8/12/411869 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402131338/http://www.newvision.co.ug/D/8/12/411869 |archive-date=2 April 2015 |access-date=13 March 2015}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFFelix_Osike2005">Felix Osike, and Henry Mukasa (13 January 2005). [https://web.archive.org/web/20150402131338/http://www.newvision.co.ug/D/8/12/411869 "Cabinet Shuffled"]. ''[[New Vision (olupapula lw'amawulire)|New Vision]]''. Kampala. Archived from [http://www.newvision.co.ug/D/8/12/411869 the original] on 2 April 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 March</span> 2015</span>.</cite></ref> Yalekulira mu kabineti nga 16omwezi gwokubiri mu mwaka gwa 2012. <ref name="Name">{{Cite web |last=Kiggundu |first=Edris |date=17 February 2012 |title=Politics Tarnishes Makubuya's Image |url=http://www.observer.ug/component/content/article?id=17212:politics-tarnishes-makubuya-image |access-date=13 March 2015}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFKiggundu2012">Kiggundu, Edris (17 February 2012). [http://www.observer.ug/component/content/article?id=17212:politics-tarnishes-makubuya-image "Politics Tarnishes Makubuya's Image"]. ''[[The Observer|The Observer (Uganda)]]''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 March</span> 2015</span>.</cite></ref> == Emirimu emirala == Ng’oggyeeko obumanyirivu nobukugu, Makubuya yaweereza era yadukanya emirimu egiwerako. Wakati wo mwaka gwa 1981 ne 1982, yaliko omukiise ku lukiiko lw’amateeka olwa Uganda Law Council n’akakiiko akaddukanya ekitongole ekikulaakulanya amateeka. Yali mmemba ku bukiiko obw’enjawulo ku [[Makerere University, Uganda|Yunivasite y’e Makerere]], omuli ne Senate.Omukulembeze eyali minister yali ayagala nnyo okunoonyereza ku '''nsonga z’ensibuko n’enkola y’amateeka''' , amateeka g’amaka, amateeka g’ensi yonna, amateeka n’enkulaakulana, eddembe ly’obuntu eri abakyala, amateeka g’ettaka n’okuteekateeka ettaka, ensimbi z’enkulaakulana, amateeka g’ababundabunda, amateeka ga ssemateeka, n’omuwendo gw’abantu, n’ekikula ky’abantu n’amateeka. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kiggundu |first=Edris |title=Politics tarnishes Makubuya image |url=https://www.observer.ug/news-headlines/17212-politics-tarnishes-makubuya-image |access-date=17 February 2022 |website=The Observer - Uganda |language=en-gb}}</ref> == Okufa == Makubuya yafiira mu Uganda nga 19 Omwezi gwomunaana 2024, ku myaka 75. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kiggundu |first=Edris |title=Politics tarnishes Makubuya image |url=https://www.observer.ug/news-headlines/17212-politics-tarnishes-makubuya-image |access-date=17 February 2022 |website=The Observer - Uganda |language=en-gb}}</ref> == Laba ne == * Ebyobufuzi bya Uganda == Ebijuliziddwa == == Ebijuliziddwa wabweru wa wikipedia == * [http://www.monitor.co.ug/News/National/-/688334/1170806/-/c0y8sbz/-/index.html Olukalala lwa kabineti mu bujjuvu, Ogwokutaano 2011] pqhxc6q5i1f0eb4nbn3sy2h92l6w2l8 Kemiyondo Coutinho 0 13159 48723 2026-05-03T10:55:02Z NAMUKWAYA BARBRA 9180 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1339213804|Kemiyondo Coutinho]]" 48723 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Reflist}} '''Kemiyondo Coutinho''' muwandiisi wa mizannyo, munnakatemba era mukozi wa firimu MunnaUganda era ngabeera Los Angels .Yataandikawo omukutu ogwokuyimba ogwatuumibwa A Ka Dope nga gugendereddwamu okuwa abayimbi ba Uganda abapya abalabi. Firimu ye ennyimpi eyasooka nga dayirekita [[:en:Kyenvu|Kyenvu]] yawangudde firimu ennyimpi esinga okunyumya mu [[:en:Pan_African_Film_Festival|kivvulu kya Pan African Film Festival]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=What you need to know about Kyenvu |url=http://www.monitor.co.ug/Magazines/Full-Woman/-Kyenvu-Kemiyondo-Coutinho-Oscar-Ugandans/689842-4344020-r6ngmxz/index.html |access-date=3 June 2018 |website=Daily Monitor}}</ref> Yafulumira ku mukutu gwa CNN ogwa African Voices olw'omulimu gwe yakola ennyo mu by'emikono. == Obulamu bwe == Coutinho yazaalibwa [[Kampala]] mu Uganda mu bazadde ba Uganda Sheila Coutinho ne Alex Coutinho. Ku myaka assatu egy’obukulu mu wiiki ssatu yagenda e Swaziland (okuva mu 2018 yakyusibwa erinnya n’efuulibwa [[Eswatini]] ) gye yasooka okusomera. <ref name="lewis">{{Cite web |title=Bio of Kemi Coutinho - International Students and Scholars - Lewis & Clark |url=http://www.lclark.edu/offices/international/bios/biocoutinho/ |access-date=2017-12-13 |website=www.lclark.edu |language=en}}</ref> Ku myaka kkumi n'esatu yeegatta ku [[:en:Waterford_Kamhlaba|United World College]] of [[:en:United_World_College|Waterford Kamhlaba]] mu 2001. Yatikkirwa mu 2007 n'agenda e Portland, Oregon okugenda mu [[:en:Lewis_&_Clark_College|Lewis & Clark College]] okutikkirwa n'amasomo ga mirundi ebiri mu Theatre and Communications. <ref name="one">3 times on this page.</ref> Yafuna diguli ye eya Masters mu by’emikono mu The American Conservatory Theatre (ACT). <ref name="one" /> Mu 2007 yawandiika n’okuzannya mu ''Jabulile!'' eyabadde mu kivvulu ky'ebyemikono ekya National Arts Festival e [[:en:Grahamstown|Grahamstown]] . Oluvannyuma omuzannyo guno gwakolebwa mu Canada ne mu New York ne Chicago. Omuzannyo guno gwakwata ku bbula ly’omukisa oguggulwawo eri abakyala abasuubuzi b’e Swazi. Omuzannyo gwe ogwokubiri, ''Kawuna...you're it'', nagwo gwakola ku butali bwenkanya buno naddala ku bikwata ku [[siriimu]] mu 2012. <ref name="one">{{Cite news}}</ref> Mu mwaka gwa 2014 TV Show eya buli wiiki eya "Discover Uganda" yatongozebwa minisita Honorable [[Maria Mutagamba]] ne Pearl Guide for [[NTV Uganda]] . <ref>"Discover Uganda TV Show officially launched | The Pearl Guide Uganda". ''The Pearl Guide Uganda''. Archived from the original on 2017-12-14. Retrieved 2017-12-13.</ref> Coutinho abadde ategese omusomo gw'okutambula. <ref name="bit">{{Cite web |title=Cultures-Uganda {{!}} Countinho Kemiyondo (Kemi) |url=http://uganda.spla.pro/en/file.person.countinho-kemiyondo-kemi.49154.html |access-date=2017-12-13 |website=uganda.spla.pro |language=en}}</ref> Mu gwomusanvu gwa 2015 yalabikira "mu ngeri eyeewuunyisa" nga Lady Torrance mu ''[[:en:Orpheus_Descending|firimu ya Orpheus Descending]]'' eya [[:en:Tennessee_Williams|Tennessee Williams]] mu Seattle.<ref>"Seattle-born director's play takes Tennessee Williams play to new level". ''Crosscut''. 2015-07-21. Retrieved 2017-12-13.</ref> Countinho ayagala nnyo katemba era ye mutandisi era dayirekita w'ebyemikono mu kivvulu kya NUVO ekikwata ku nsonga z'embeera z'abantu n'ebyekikugu mu Uganda.<ref name="bit">{{Cite web |title=Cultures-Uganda {{!}} Countinho Kemiyondo (Kemi) |url=http://uganda.spla.pro/en/file.person.countinho-kemiyondo-kemi.49154.html |access-date=2017-12-13 |website=uganda.spla.pro |language=en}}</ref> NUVO kitegeeza New Voices era kigendereddwamu okussa essira ku nsonga ya siriimu.<ref>{{Cite web |title=NuVo Festival of the Arts, Day 1 {{!}} Proggie - Events in and around Kampala! |url=http://proggie.ug/nuvo-festival-of-the-arts-day-1/ |access-date=2017-12-14 |website=proggie.ug |language=en-US}}</ref> Kemiyondo yawandiika, n’alagirira era n’azannya mu firimu [[:en:Kyenvu|ya Kyenvu]] ekwata ku kutulugunyizibwa mu minisikaati mu Uganda. Era yatandikawo omukutu gw’okuyimba ogwa A Ka Dope ogugenderera okuwa ffeesi empya mu kisaawe ky’okuyimba siteegi. Yafulumira ku mukutu gwa CNN ogwa African Voices mu 2017 olw’emirimu gye yakola mu by’emikono.<ref>''A self-proclaimed 'art-preneur' at work - CNN Video'', May 2017, retrieved 2017-12-22</ref> == Emirimu mulimu... == * ''Jabulile!'' * ''Kawuna...gwe kyo'' * ''Omuwala Nga Nze'' * ''[[:en:Kyenvu|Kyenvu]]'' * ''KIRAGALA'' * ''Amerika Entono'' == Ebijuliziddwa == mnc434xzzuh5ypt1hqnmt4aqfhz6btt 48724 48723 2026-05-03T10:56:03Z NAMUKWAYA BARBRA 9180 nkozeemu enkyukakyuka #WUCUG26MUK 48724 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Reflist}} '''Kemiyondo Coutinho''' muwandiisi wa mizannyo, munnakatemba era mukozi wa firimu MunnaUganda era ngabeera Los Angels .Yataandikawo omukutu ogwokuyimba ogwatuumibwa A Ka Dope nga gugendereddwamu okuwa abayimbi ba Uganda abapya abalabi. Firimu ye ennyimpi eyasooka nga dayirekita [[:en:Kyenvu|Kyenvu]] yawangudde firimu ennyimpi esinga okunyumya mu [[:en:Pan_African_Film_Festival|kivvulu kya Pan African Film Festival]] .<ref>{{Cite web |title=What you need to know about Kyenvu |url=http://www.monitor.co.ug/Magazines/Full-Woman/-Kyenvu-Kemiyondo-Coutinho-Oscar-Ugandans/689842-4344020-r6ngmxz/index.html |access-date=3 June 2018 |website=Daily Monitor}}</ref> Yafulumira ku mukutu gwa CNN ogwa African Voices olw'omulimu gwe yakola ennyo mu by'emikono. == Obulamu bwe == Coutinho yazaalibwa [[Kampala]] mu Uganda mu bazadde ba Uganda Sheila Coutinho ne Alex Coutinho. Ku myaka assatu egy’obukulu mu wiiki ssatu yagenda e Swaziland (okuva mu 2018 yakyusibwa erinnya n’efuulibwa [[Eswatini]] ) gye yasooka okusomera.<ref name="lewis">{{Cite web |title=Bio of Kemi Coutinho - International Students and Scholars - Lewis & Clark |url=http://www.lclark.edu/offices/international/bios/biocoutinho/ |access-date=2017-12-13 |website=www.lclark.edu |language=en}}</ref> Ku myaka kkumi n'esatu yeegatta ku [[:en:Waterford_Kamhlaba|United World College]] of [[:en:United_World_College|Waterford Kamhlaba]] mu 2001. Yatikkirwa mu 2007 n'agenda e Portland, Oregon okugenda mu [[:en:Lewis_&_Clark_College|Lewis & Clark College]] okutikkirwa n'amasomo ga mirundi ebiri mu Theatre and Communications.<ref name="one">3 times on this page.</ref> Yafuna diguli ye eya Masters mu by’emikono mu The American Conservatory Theatre (ACT).<ref name="one" /> Mu 2007 yawandiika n’okuzannya mu ''Jabulile!'' eyabadde mu kivvulu ky'ebyemikono ekya National Arts Festival e [[:en:Grahamstown|Grahamstown]] . Oluvannyuma omuzannyo guno gwakolebwa mu Canada ne mu New York ne Chicago. Omuzannyo guno gwakwata ku bbula ly’omukisa oguggulwawo eri abakyala abasuubuzi b’e Swazi. Omuzannyo gwe ogwokubiri, ''Kawuna...you're it'', nagwo gwakola ku butali bwenkanya buno naddala ku bikwata ku [[siriimu]] mu 2012. <ref name="one">{{Cite news}}</ref> Mu mwaka gwa 2014 TV Show eya buli wiiki eya "Discover Uganda" yatongozebwa minisita Honorable [[Maria Mutagamba]] ne Pearl Guide for [[NTV Uganda]] . <ref>"Discover Uganda TV Show officially launched | The Pearl Guide Uganda". ''The Pearl Guide Uganda''. Archived from the original on 2017-12-14. Retrieved 2017-12-13.</ref> Coutinho abadde ategese omusomo gw'okutambula. <ref name="bit">{{Cite web |title=Cultures-Uganda {{!}} Countinho Kemiyondo (Kemi) |url=http://uganda.spla.pro/en/file.person.countinho-kemiyondo-kemi.49154.html |access-date=2017-12-13 |website=uganda.spla.pro |language=en}}</ref> Mu gwomusanvu gwa 2015 yalabikira "mu ngeri eyeewuunyisa" nga Lady Torrance mu ''[[:en:Orpheus_Descending|firimu ya Orpheus Descending]]'' eya [[:en:Tennessee_Williams|Tennessee Williams]] mu Seattle.<ref>"Seattle-born director's play takes Tennessee Williams play to new level". ''Crosscut''. 2015-07-21. Retrieved 2017-12-13.</ref> Countinho ayagala nnyo katemba era ye mutandisi era dayirekita w'ebyemikono mu kivvulu kya NUVO ekikwata ku nsonga z'embeera z'abantu n'ebyekikugu mu Uganda.<ref name="bit">{{Cite web |title=Cultures-Uganda {{!}} Countinho Kemiyondo (Kemi) |url=http://uganda.spla.pro/en/file.person.countinho-kemiyondo-kemi.49154.html |access-date=2017-12-13 |website=uganda.spla.pro |language=en}}</ref> NUVO kitegeeza New Voices era kigendereddwamu okussa essira ku nsonga ya siriimu.<ref>{{Cite web |title=NuVo Festival of the Arts, Day 1 {{!}} Proggie - Events in and around Kampala! |url=http://proggie.ug/nuvo-festival-of-the-arts-day-1/ |access-date=2017-12-14 |website=proggie.ug |language=en-US}}</ref> Kemiyondo yawandiika, n’alagirira era n’azannya mu firimu [[:en:Kyenvu|ya Kyenvu]] ekwata ku kutulugunyizibwa mu minisikaati mu Uganda. Era yatandikawo omukutu gw’okuyimba ogwa A Ka Dope ogugenderera okuwa ffeesi empya mu kisaawe ky’okuyimba siteegi. Yafulumira ku mukutu gwa CNN ogwa African Voices mu 2017 olw’emirimu gye yakola mu by’emikono.<ref>''A self-proclaimed 'art-preneur' at work - CNN Video'', May 2017, retrieved 2017-12-22</ref> == Emirimu mulimu... == * ''Jabulile!'' * ''Kawuna...gwe kyo'' * ''Omuwala Nga Nze'' * ''[[:en:Kyenvu|Kyenvu]]'' * ''KIRAGALA'' * ''Amerika Entono'' == Ebijuliziddwa == s7x6uevjq1laqmpzk20535dphrq4ff9 48730 48724 2026-05-03T11:09:19Z NAMUKWAYA BARBRA 9180 nkuzeemu enkyukakyuka #WUCUG26MUK 48730 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Reflist}} '''Kemiyondo Coutinho''' muwandiisi wa mizannyo, munnakatemba era mukozi wa firimu MunnaUganda era ngabeera Los Angels .Yataandikawo omukutu ogwokuyimba ogwatuumibwa A Ka Dope nga gugendereddwamu okuwa abayimbi ba Uganda abapya abalabi. Firimu ye ennyimpi eyasooka nga dayirekita [[:en:Kyenvu|Kyenvu]] yawangudde firimu ennyimpi esinga okunyumya mu [[:en:Pan_African_Film_Festival|kivvulu kya Pan African Film Festival]] .<ref>{{Cite web |title=What you need to know about Kyenvu |url=http://www.monitor.co.ug/Magazines/Full-Woman/-Kyenvu-Kemiyondo-Coutinho-Oscar-Ugandans/689842-4344020-r6ngmxz/index.html |access-date=3 June 2018 |website=Daily Monitor}}</ref> Yafulumira ku mukutu gwa CNN ogwa African Voices olw'omulimu gwe yakola ennyo mu by'emikono. == Obulamu bwe == Coutinho yazaalibwa [[Kampala]] mu Uganda mu bazadde ba Uganda Sheila Coutinho ne Alex Coutinho. Ku myaka assatu egy’obukulu mu wiiki ssatu yagenda e Swaziland (okuva mu 2018 yakyusibwa erinnya n’efuulibwa [[Eswatini]] ) gye yasooka okusomera.<ref name="lewis">{{Cite web |title=Bio of Kemi Coutinho - International Students and Scholars - Lewis & Clark |url=http://www.lclark.edu/offices/international/bios/biocoutinho/ |access-date=2017-12-13 |website=www.lclark.edu |language=en}}</ref> Ku myaka kkumi n'esatu yeegatta ku [[:en:Waterford_Kamhlaba|United World College]] of [[:en:United_World_College|Waterford Kamhlaba]] mu 2001. Yatikkirwa mu 2007 n'agenda e Portland, Oregon okugenda mu [[:en:Lewis_&_Clark_College|Lewis & Clark College]] okutikkirwa n'amasomo ga mirundi ebiri mu Theatre and Communications.<ref name="one">3 times on this page.</ref> Yafuna diguli ye eya Masters mu by’emikono mu The American Conservatory Theatre (ACT).<ref name="one" /> Mu 2007 yawandiika n’okuzannya mu ''Jabulile!'' eyabadde mu kivvulu ky'ebyemikono ekya National Arts Festival e [[:en:Grahamstown|Grahamstown]] . Oluvannyuma omuzannyo guno gwakolebwa mu Canada ne mu New York ne Chicago. Omuzannyo guno gwakwata ku bbula ly’omukisa oguggulwawo eri abakyala abasuubuzi b’e Swazi. Omuzannyo gwe ogwokubiri, ''Kawuna...you're it'', nagwo gwakola ku butali bwenkanya buno naddala ku bikwata ku [[siriimu]] mu 2012.<ref name="one">{{Cite news}}</ref> Mu mwaka gwa 2014 TV Show eya buli wiiki eya "Discover Uganda" yatongozebwa minisita Honorable [[Maria Mutagamba]] ne Pearl Guide for [[NTV Uganda]] . <ref>"Discover Uganda TV Show officially launched | The Pearl Guide Uganda". ''The Pearl Guide Uganda''. Archived from the original on 2017-12-14. Retrieved 2017-12-13.</ref> Coutinho abadde ategese omusomo gw'okutambula.<ref name="bit">{{Cite web |title=Cultures-Uganda {{!}} Countinho Kemiyondo (Kemi) |url=http://uganda.spla.pro/en/file.person.countinho-kemiyondo-kemi.49154.html |access-date=2017-12-13 |website=uganda.spla.pro |language=en}}</ref> Mu gwomusanvu gwa 2015 yalabikira "mu ngeri eyeewuunyisa" nga Lady Torrance mu ''[[:en:Orpheus_Descending|firimu ya Orpheus Descending]]'' eya [[:en:Tennessee_Williams|Tennessee Williams]] mu Seattle.<ref>"Seattle-born director's play takes Tennessee Williams play to new level". ''Crosscut''. 2015-07-21. Retrieved 2017-12-13.</ref> Countinho ayagala nnyo katemba era ye mutandisi era dayirekita w'ebyemikono mu kivvulu kya NUVO ekikwata ku nsonga z'embeera z'abantu n'ebyekikugu mu Uganda.<ref name="bit">{{Cite web |title=Cultures-Uganda {{!}} Countinho Kemiyondo (Kemi) |url=http://uganda.spla.pro/en/file.person.countinho-kemiyondo-kemi.49154.html |access-date=2017-12-13 |website=uganda.spla.pro |language=en}}</ref> NUVO kitegeeza New Voices era kigendereddwamu okussa essira ku nsonga ya siriimu.<ref>{{Cite web |title=NuVo Festival of the Arts, Day 1 {{!}} Proggie - Events in and around Kampala! |url=http://proggie.ug/nuvo-festival-of-the-arts-day-1/ |access-date=2017-12-14 |website=proggie.ug |language=en-US}}</ref> Kemiyondo yawandiika, n’alagirira era n’azannya mu firimu [[:en:Kyenvu|ya Kyenvu]] ekwata ku kutulugunyizibwa mu minisikaati mu Uganda. Era yatandikawo omukutu gw’okuyimba ogwa A Ka Dope ogugenderera okuwa ffeesi empya mu kisaawe ky’okuyimba siteegi. Yafulumira ku mukutu gwa CNN ogwa African Voices mu 2017 olw’emirimu gye yakola mu by’emikono.<ref>''A self-proclaimed 'art-preneur' at work - CNN Video'', May 2017, retrieved 2017-12-22</ref> == Emirimu mulimu... == * ''Jabulile!'' * ''Kawuna...gwe kyo'' * ''Omuwala Nga Nze'' * ''[[:en:Kyenvu|Kyenvu]]'' * ''KIRAGALA'' * ''Amerika Entono'' == Ebijuliziddwa == dv0htwl14qiooe5e5up2s7w8b2q7aa6 Gerald Moore (scholar) 0 13160 48734 2026-05-03T11:54:15Z Halimah Nampiima 11015 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1326926641|Gerald Moore (scholar)]]" 48734 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Gerald Moore''' (22 omwezi gwomunaana 1924 – 27 omwezi gw'ekkumineebiri 2022) yali [[:en:Independent_scholar|mumanyi eyeetongodde]] owa Bungereza. == Ebikwata ku bulamu bwe == Moore yazaalibwa mu [[:en:Chiswick,_London|Chiswick, London]], owa Rex Moore, omukungu w’emyoleso, ne mukyala we, Norah (nee Sturdee), munnakatemba, nga 22 omwezi gwomunaana 1924.<ref name=":0">{{cite news|last1=Bennett|first1=Catherine|title=Gerald Moore obituary|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/feb/02/gerald-moore-obituary|access-date=2 February 2023|work=The Guardian|date=2 February 2023}}</ref> Yagenda mu [[:en:Dauntsey's_School|ssomero lya Dauntsey]] mu Wiltshire, era bweyaweza emyaka 17 n’ayingira mu ggye ly’oku mazzi erya [[:en:Royal_Navy|Royal Navy]], n’aweereza mu kabangali z’amagye ga Atlantic ne Arctic mu kiseera kya Ssematalo 2.<ref name=":0" /> Oluvannyuma yasomera mu [[:en:Emmanuel_College,_Cambridge|Emmanuel College, Cambridge]], gye yafunira diguli ey’omutindo ogusooka mu Lungereza.<ref name=":0" /> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Gerald Moore |url=https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/authors/233935/gerald-moore/ |access-date=8 January 2022 |website=Penguin Random House}} </ref> Moore yasomesa mu yunivasite nnyingi, omuli [[:en:University_of_Sussex|Sussex]], [[:en:University_of_Hong_Kong|Hong Kong]], [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere]], [[:en:University_of_Ife|Ife]], [[:en:University_of_Port_Harcourt|Port Harcourt]], [[:en:University_of_Jos|Jos]] ne [[:en:University_of_Wisconsin-Madison|Yunivasite y’e Wisconsin-Madison]] . Ekifo kye yasembayo okusomesa kyali mu [[:en:Trieste|Trieste]] . Okusinga yali mumanyi w’ebitontome eby’omulembe gwa African [[Lungereza|anglophone]] ne [[:en:Francophone|francophone]] . Ne [[:en:Ulli_Beier|Ulli Beier]], yalongoosa ekitabo ekikwata ku ''Modern Poetry from Africa'' (1963), [[:en:Anthology|ekitabo ekikuŋŋaanyiziddwa]] ekijjuvu, ekyaddamu okufulumizibwa mu 1984 nga ''[[:en:The_Penguin_Book_of_Modern_African_Poetry|The Penguin Book of Modern African Poetry]]'' .<ref name="Penguin">{{Cite book |year=1998 |title=The Penguin Book of Modern African Poetry |publisher=Penguin |editor-last=Gerald Moore and Ulli Beier |location=London and New York}} </ref> == Obulamu bwe == Mu 1949, yawasa Joy Fisher, omukuumi w’etterekero ly’ebitabo, era gwe yazaala naye abaana basatu.<ref name=":0" /> Abafumbo bano baayawukana mu 1973, era oluvannyuma Moore yawasa Miriam Garzitto.<ref name=":0" /> Moore yali abeera mu [[:en:Worthing|Worthing, Sussex]],<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Moore |first=Gerald |year=2002 |title=Senghor: Poet of Night |journal=Research in African Literatures |volume=33 |issue=4 |pages=51–59 |doi=10.1353/ral.2002.0117}} </ref> nga tannagenda [[:en:Udine|Udine]] mu YItaly. Oluvannyuma yaddayo e Sussex, mu 2010, oluvannyuma lwa mukyala we Miriam okufa. Moore yafa nga 27 omwezi gwekkumineebiri 2022, ku myaka 98.<ref name=":0" /> == Emirimu emikulu == * ''Abawandiisi Musanvu Abafirika'' . London: Ekitongole ky’amawulire ekya Yunivasite ya Oxford, 1962. * ''Ebitontome eby’omulembe okuva mu Afrika'' (ed. ne Ulli Beier). Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1963 (Ebitabo bya Penguin eby’Afirika). Yalongoosebwamu nga ''The Penguin Book of Modern African Poetry'', ekitabo eky’okuna, 1999. * ''Ebiwandiiko bya Afirika ne Yunivasite'' . Ibadan: Ekitongole ky’amawulire ekya Ibadan University Press (ku lwa Congress for Cultural Freedom, 1965. * ''Olulimi Olulonde: Okuwandiika Olungereza mu Nsi Ez’obutiti'' . Harlow: Longmans, 1969. Omuwandiisi w’ebitabo. * ''[[:en:Wole_Soyinka|Wole Soyinka]]'' . London: Evans brothers, 1971. * ''Abawandiisi b'Afirika kkumi na babiri'' . London: Hutchinson, 1980 (Etterekero ly’ebitabo erya Yunivasite erikwata ku Afrika). '''Nga omuvvuunuzi:''' * [[:en:Mongo_Beti|Beti, Mongo]] . ''Kristo Omwavu ow'e Bomba'' . Long Grove, Illinois: Ekitundu ky’amayengo, 2005. * Beti, Mongo. ''Jjukira Ruben.'' Heinemann, mu kibuga London, 1980 * [[:en:Tchicaya_U_Tam'si|Tchikaya U Tam'si]] . ''Ebitontome Ebirondeddwa.'' Heinemann, mu kibuga London, 1970 * [[:en:Henri_Lopès|Lopes, Henri]], abawandiisi b’ebitabo. ''Okukaaba Okuseka.'' Abasomi ab’ensi yonna, London, 1987 == Ebijuliziddwa == 0r7br9c22nfd5m8zvpbowdqlde4c79i 48735 48734 2026-05-03T11:54:46Z Quinlan83 6593 Fix 48735 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gerald Moore''' (22 omwezi gwomunaana 1924 – 27 omwezi gw'ekkumineebiri 2022) yali [[:en:Independent_scholar|mumanyi eyeetongodde]] owa Bungereza. == Ebikwata ku bulamu bwe == Moore yazaalibwa mu [[:en:Chiswick,_London|Chiswick, London]], owa Rex Moore, omukungu w’emyoleso, ne mukyala we, Norah (nee Sturdee), munnakatemba, nga 22 omwezi gwomunaana 1924.<ref name=":0">{{cite news|last1=Bennett|first1=Catherine|title=Gerald Moore obituary|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/feb/02/gerald-moore-obituary|access-date=2 February 2023|work=The Guardian|date=2 February 2023}}</ref> Yagenda mu [[:en:Dauntsey's_School|ssomero lya Dauntsey]] mu Wiltshire, era bweyaweza emyaka 17 n’ayingira mu ggye ly’oku mazzi erya [[:en:Royal_Navy|Royal Navy]], n’aweereza mu kabangali z’amagye ga Atlantic ne Arctic mu kiseera kya Ssematalo 2.<ref name=":0" /> Oluvannyuma yasomera mu [[:en:Emmanuel_College,_Cambridge|Emmanuel College, Cambridge]], gye yafunira diguli ey’omutindo ogusooka mu Lungereza.<ref name=":0" /> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Gerald Moore |url=https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/authors/233935/gerald-moore/ |access-date=8 January 2022 |website=Penguin Random House}} </ref> Moore yasomesa mu yunivasite nnyingi, omuli [[:en:University_of_Sussex|Sussex]], [[:en:University_of_Hong_Kong|Hong Kong]], [[Makerere University, Uganda|Makerere]], [[:en:University_of_Ife|Ife]], [[:en:University_of_Port_Harcourt|Port Harcourt]], [[:en:University_of_Jos|Jos]] ne [[:en:University_of_Wisconsin-Madison|Yunivasite y’e Wisconsin-Madison]] . Ekifo kye yasembayo okusomesa kyali mu [[:en:Trieste|Trieste]] . Okusinga yali mumanyi w’ebitontome eby’omulembe gwa African [[Lungereza|anglophone]] ne [[:en:Francophone|francophone]] . Ne [[:en:Ulli_Beier|Ulli Beier]], yalongoosa ekitabo ekikwata ku ''Modern Poetry from Africa'' (1963), [[:en:Anthology|ekitabo ekikuŋŋaanyiziddwa]] ekijjuvu, ekyaddamu okufulumizibwa mu 1984 nga ''[[:en:The_Penguin_Book_of_Modern_African_Poetry|The Penguin Book of Modern African Poetry]]'' .<ref name="Penguin">{{Cite book |year=1998 |title=The Penguin Book of Modern African Poetry |publisher=Penguin |editor-last=Gerald Moore and Ulli Beier |location=London and New York}} </ref> == Obulamu bwe == Mu 1949, yawasa Joy Fisher, omukuumi w’etterekero ly’ebitabo, era gwe yazaala naye abaana basatu.<ref name=":0" /> Abafumbo bano baayawukana mu 1973, era oluvannyuma Moore yawasa Miriam Garzitto.<ref name=":0" /> Moore yali abeera mu [[:en:Worthing|Worthing, Sussex]],<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Moore |first=Gerald |year=2002 |title=Senghor: Poet of Night |journal=Research in African Literatures |volume=33 |issue=4 |pages=51–59 |doi=10.1353/ral.2002.0117}} </ref> nga tannagenda [[:en:Udine|Udine]] mu YItaly. Oluvannyuma yaddayo e Sussex, mu 2010, oluvannyuma lwa mukyala we Miriam okufa. Moore yafa nga 27 omwezi gwekkumineebiri 2022, ku myaka 98.<ref name=":0" /> == Emirimu emikulu == * ''Abawandiisi Musanvu Abafirika'' . London: Ekitongole ky’amawulire ekya Yunivasite ya Oxford, 1962. * ''Ebitontome eby’omulembe okuva mu Afrika'' (ed. ne Ulli Beier). Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1963 (Ebitabo bya Penguin eby’Afirika). Yalongoosebwamu nga ''The Penguin Book of Modern African Poetry'', ekitabo eky’okuna, 1999. * ''Ebiwandiiko bya Afirika ne Yunivasite'' . Ibadan: Ekitongole ky’amawulire ekya Ibadan University Press (ku lwa Congress for Cultural Freedom, 1965. * ''Olulimi Olulonde: Okuwandiika Olungereza mu Nsi Ez’obutiti'' . Harlow: Longmans, 1969. Omuwandiisi w’ebitabo. * ''[[:en:Wole_Soyinka|Wole Soyinka]]'' . London: Evans brothers, 1971. * ''Abawandiisi b'Afirika kkumi na babiri'' . London: Hutchinson, 1980 (Etterekero ly’ebitabo erya Yunivasite erikwata ku Afrika). '''Nga omuvvuunuzi:''' * [[:en:Mongo_Beti|Beti, Mongo]] . ''Kristo Omwavu ow'e Bomba'' . Long Grove, Illinois: Ekitundu ky’amayengo, 2005. * Beti, Mongo. ''Jjukira Ruben.'' Heinemann, mu kibuga London, 1980 * [[:en:Tchicaya_U_Tam'si|Tchikaya U Tam'si]] . ''Ebitontome Ebirondeddwa.'' Heinemann, mu kibuga London, 1970 * [[:en:Henri_Lopès|Lopes, Henri]], abawandiisi b’ebitabo. ''Okukaaba Okuseka.'' Abasomi ab’ensi yonna, London, 1987 == Ebijuliziddwa == p2qzkfokfw6hnv1tdb9p8pgzxe58d6u