Wikipedia:Community Portal

<mediawiki xmlns="http://www.mediawiki.org/xml/export-0.10/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.mediawiki.org/xml/export-0.10/ http://www.mediawiki.org/xml/export-0.10.xsd" version="0.10" xml:lang="mg">
  <siteinfo>
    <sitename>Wikipedia</sitename>
    <dbname>mgwiki</dbname>
    <base>https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Fandraisana</base>
    <generator>MediaWiki 1.39.0-wmf.25</generator>
    <case>first-letter</case>
    <namespaces>
      <namespace key="-2" case="first-letter">Rakitra</namespace>
      <namespace key="-1" case="first-letter">Manokana</namespace>
      <namespace key="0" case="first-letter" />
      <namespace key="1" case="first-letter">Dinika</namespace>
      <namespace key="2" case="first-letter">Mpikambana</namespace>
      <namespace key="3" case="first-letter">Dinika amin'ny mpikambana</namespace>
      <namespace key="4" case="first-letter">Wikipedia</namespace>
      <namespace key="5" case="first-letter">Dinika amin'ny Wikipedia</namespace>
      <namespace key="6" case="first-letter">Sary</namespace>
      <namespace key="7" case="first-letter">Dinika amin'ny sary</namespace>
      <namespace key="8" case="first-letter">MediaWiki</namespace>
      <namespace key="9" case="first-letter">Dinika amin'ny MediaWiki</namespace>
      <namespace key="10" case="first-letter">Endrika</namespace>
      <namespace key="11" case="first-letter">Dinika amin'ny endrika</namespace>
      <namespace key="12" case="first-letter">Fanoroana</namespace>
      <namespace key="13" case="first-letter">Dinika amin'ny fanoroana</namespace>
      <namespace key="14" case="first-letter">Sokajy</namespace>
      <namespace key="15" case="first-letter">Dinika amin'ny sokajy</namespace>
      <namespace key="710" case="first-letter">TimedText</namespace>
      <namespace key="711" case="first-letter">TimedText talk</namespace>
      <namespace key="828" case="first-letter">Module</namespace>
      <namespace key="829" case="first-letter">Discussion module</namespace>
      <namespace key="2300" case="first-letter">Gadget</namespace>
      <namespace key="2301" case="first-letter">Discussion gadget</namespace>
      <namespace key="2302" case="case-sensitive">Définition de gadget</namespace>
      <namespace key="2303" case="case-sensitive">Discussion définition de gadget</namespace>
    </namespaces>
  </siteinfo>
  <page>
    <title>Wikipedia:Community Portal</title>
    <ns>4</ns>
    <id>857</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1047040</id>
      <parentid>1046952</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-19T18:24:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MediaWiki message delivery</username>
        <id>6907</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Invitation à rejoindre le Forum de la Stratégie du Mouvement */ fizarana vaovao</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="386465" xml:space="preserve">&lt;inputbox&gt;
type=create
width=30
bgcolor=#ffffff
preload=Template:Standard content for new page
editintro=Template:Instructions
&lt;/inputbox&gt;

&lt;inputbox&gt;
bgcolor=transparent
type=fulltext
break=yes
width=30
searchbuttonlabel=Search articles/Rechercher des articles/Karohy lahatsoratra
&lt;/inputbox&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

Eto ny toerana handraisana ny hafatra mikasika ny tetikasa Wikimedia.

----

== Call for project ideas: funding is available for community experiments ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;

[[File:IEG_key_blue.png|100px|right]]

''I apologize if this message is not in your language. Please help translate it.''

Do you have an idea for a project that could improve your community? [[m:Grants:IEG|Individual Engagement Grants]] from the Wikimedia Foundation help support individuals and small teams to organize experiments for 6 months. You can get funding to try out your idea for online community organizing, outreach, tool-building, or research to help make {{SITENAME}} better. In March, we’re looking for new project proposals. 

Examples of past Individual Engagement Grant projects:
*[[m:Grants:IEG/Build_an_effective_method_of_publicity_in_PRChina|Organizing social media for Chinese Wikipedia]] ($350 for materials) 
*[[m:Grants:IEG/Visual_editor-_gadgets_compatibility|Improving gadgets for Visual Editor]] ($4500 for developers)
*[[m:Grants:IEG/The_Wikipedia_Library|Coordinating access to reliable sources for Wikipedians]] ($7500 for project management, consultants and materials)
*[[m:Grants:IEG/Elaborate_Wikisource_strategic_vision|Building community and strategy for Wikisource]] (€10000 for organizing and travel)

'''[[m:Grants:IEG#ieg-applying|Proposals]] are due by 31 March 2014.''' There are a number of ways to [[m:Grants:IEG|get involved]]! 

Hope to have your participation,

--[[m:User:Sbouterse (WMF)|Siko Bouterse, Head of Individual
Engagement Grants, Wikimedia Foundation]] 28 Febroary 2014 à 19:44 (UTC)

&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:AKoval (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=IEG/MassMessageList&amp;oldid=7675744 --&gt;

== Proposed optional changes to Terms of Use amendment ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Hello all, in response to some community comments in the discussion on the amendment to the Terms of Use on undisclosed paid editing,  we have prepared two optional changes. Please [[m:Terms_of_use/Paid_contributions_amendment#Optional_changes|read about these optional changes on Meta wiki]] and share your comments. If you can (and this is a non english project), please translate this announcement. Thanks! [[m:User:Slaporte (WMF)|Slaporte (WMF)]] 13 Martsa 2014 à 21:56 (UTC) &lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Jalexander@metawiki en utilisant la liste à http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=7592057 --&gt;

== Changes to the default site typography coming soon ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt; 
This week, the typography on Wikimedia sites will be updated for all readers and editors who use the default &quot;Vector&quot; skin. This change will involve new serif fonts for some headings, small tweaks to body content fonts, text size, text color, and spacing between elements. The schedule is: 

* '''April 1st''': non-Wikipedia projects will see this change live
* '''April 3rd''': Wikipedias will see this change live

This change is very similar to the &quot;Typography Update&quot; Beta Feature that has been available on Wikimedia projects since November 2013. After several rounds of testing and with feedback from the community, this Beta Feature will be disabled and successful aspects enabled in the default site appearance. Users who are logged in may still choose to use another skin, or alter their [[Special:MyPage/vector.css|personal CSS]], if they prefer a different appearance. Local [[MediaWiki:Common.css|common CSS]] styles will also apply as normal, for issues with local styles and scripts that impact all users. 

For more information:
* [[mw:Typography refresh|Summary of changes and FAQ]]
* [[mw:Talk:Typography refresh|Discussion page]] for feedback or questions
* [https://blog.wikimedia.org/2014/03/27/typography-refresh/ Post] on blog.wikimedia.org

-- [[m:User:Steven (WMF)|Steven Walling]] (Product Manager) on behalf of the Wikimedia Foundation's [[mw:Design|User Experience Design]] team
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Steven (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=7990801 --&gt;

== Media Viewer ==

&lt;br&gt;
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Greetings, my apologies for writing in English.

I wanted to let you know that [[mw:Multimedia/About Media Viewer|Media Viewer]] will be released to this wiki in the coming weeks. Media Viewer allows readers of Wikimedia projects to have an enhanced view of files without having to visit the file page, but with more detail than a thumbnail. You can try Media Viewer out now by turning it on in your [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|Beta Features]]. If you do not enjoy Media Viewer or if it interferes with your work after it is turned on you will be able to disable Media Viewer as well in your [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-rendering|preferences]]. I invite you to [[mw:Talk:Multimedia/About Media Viewer|share what you think]] about Media Viewer and how it can be made better in the future.

Thank you for your time. - [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] 23 Mey 2014 à 21:29 (UTC)

&lt;small&gt;--This message was sent using [[m:MassMessage|MassMessage]]. Was there an error? [[m:Talk:MassMessage|Report it!]]&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Keegan_(WMF)/MassMessage/Multimedia/Media_Viewer&amp;oldid=8631315 --&gt;

== Using only [[commons:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Upload Wizard|UploadWizard]] for uploads ==

[[Image:Commons-logo.svg|right|220px|alt=Wikimedia Commons logo]]
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Hello! Sorry for writing in English. It was noted that on this wiki upload is not fully functional for users, who will experience a very difficult and/or [[wmf:Resolution:Licensing policy|illegal]] uploading. In fact, the [[MediaWiki:Licenses|licenses/copyright tags dropdown]] is empty, making it hard or impossible to comply with copyright requirements during upload itself.

Presumably, you don't have interest nor energies to have [[commons:Category:Licensing templates|hundreds templates]] with the [[mw:Multimedia/Media Viewer/Template compatibility|now required HTML]], even less a local [[m:EDP|EDP]].
I propose to have
* '''[[Special:Upload|local &quot;{{int:upload}}&quot;]] [[commons:Commons:Turning off local uploads|restricted]]''' to the &quot;{{int:group-sysop}}&quot; group (for emergency uploads) and
* the '''sidebar point to [[commons:Special:UploadWizard]]''',
so that you can avoid local maintenance and all users can have a functioning, easy upload interface [[translatewiki:Special:Translate/ext-uploadwizard|in their own language]]. All registered users can upload on Commons and [[Special:ListFiles|existing files]] will not be affected.

All this will get done around 2014-07-03.
# If you disagree with the proposal, just [[m:User:Nemo bis/Unused local uploads|remove your wiki from the list]]. Remember also to create [[MediaWiki:Licenses]] locally with any content (see a [[s:fr:MediaWiki:Licenses|simple example]]), or uploads will be soon disabled anyway by MediaWiki itself (starting in [[mw:MediaWiki_1.24/Roadmap|version 1.24wmf11]]).
# To make the UploadWizard even better, please tell your experience and ideas on [[commons:Commons:Upload Wizard feedback]].

[[m:User:Nemo_bis|Nemo]] 19 Jiona 2014 à 13:09 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Nemo bis@metawiki en utilisant la liste à http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Nemo_bis/Unused_local_uploads&amp;oldid=8940453 --&gt;

== Media Viewer is now live on this wiki ==

&lt;br&gt;
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
[[File:Media_Viewer_Desktop_-_Large_Image_Opaque_Info.png|thumb|Media Viewer lets you see images in larger size]]

Greetings— and sorry for writing in English, please translate if it will help your community,

The Wikimedia Foundation's [[mw:Multimedia|Multimedia team]] is happy to announce that [[mw:Multimedia/About Media Viewer|Media Viewer]] was just released on this site today. 

Media Viewer displays images in larger size when you click on their thumbnails, to provide a better viewing experience. Users can now view images faster and more clearly, without having to jump to separate pages — and its user interface is more intuitive, offering easy access to full-resolution images and information, with links to the file repository for editing. The tool has been tested extensively across all Wikimedia wikis over the past six months as a [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|Beta Feature]] and has been [[mw:Multimedia/Media_Viewer/Release_Plan#Timeline|released]] to the largest Wikipedias, all language Wikisources, and the English Wikivoyage already.

If you do not like this feature, you can easily turn it off by clicking on &quot;Disable Media Viewer&quot; at the bottom of the screen, pulling up the information panel (or in your [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-rendering|your preferences]]) whether you have an account or not. Learn more [[mw:Help:Multimedia/Media_Viewer#How_can_I_turn_off_this_feature.3F|in this Media Viewer Help page]].

Please let us know if you have any questions or comments about Media Viewer. You are invited to [[mw:Talk:Multimedia/About_Media_Viewer|share your feedback in this discussion on MediaWiki.org]] in any language, to help improve this feature. You are also welcome to [https://www.surveymonkey.com/s/media-viewer-1-all?c=announce-all take this quick survey in English], [https://www.surveymonkey.com/s/media-viewer-1-fr en français], [https://www.surveymonkey.com/s/media-viewer-1-es o español].

We hope you enjoy Media Viewer. Many thanks to all the community members who helped make it possible. - [[mw:User:Fabrice Florin (WMF)|Fabrice Florin (WMF)]]  ([[m:User talk:Fabrice Florin (WMF)|talk]]) 19 Jiona 2014 à 21:54 (UTC)

&lt;small&gt;--This message was sent using [[m:MassMessage|MassMessage]]. Was there an error? [[m:Talk:MassMessage|Report it!]]&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Keegan_(WMF)/MassMessage/Multimedia/Media_Viewer&amp;oldid=8631315 --&gt;

== Letter petitioning WMF to reverse recent decisions ==

The Wikimedia Foundation recently created a new feature, &quot;superprotect&quot; status. The purpose is to prevent pages from being edited by elected administrators -- but permitting WMF staff to edit them. It has been put to use in only one case: to protect the deployment of the Media Viewer software on German Wikipedia, in defiance of a clear decision of that community to disable the feature by default, unless users decide to enable it.

If you oppose these actions, please add your name to this letter. If you know non-Wikimedians who support our vision for the free sharing of knowledge, and would like to add their names to the list, please ask them to sign an identical version of the letter on change.org.
* [[:m:Letter to Wikimedia Foundation: Superprotect and Media Viewer|Letter to Wikimedia Foundation: Superprotect and Media Viewer]]
* [http://www.change.org/p/lila-tretikov-remove-new-superprotect-status-and-permit-wikipedia-communities-to-enact-current-software-decisions-uninhibited Letter on change.org]

-- [[:m:User:JurgenNL|JurgenNL]] ([[:m:User talk:JurgenNL|talk]]) 21 Aogositra 2014 à 17:35 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:JurgenNL@metawiki en utilisant la liste à http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=9313374 --&gt;

== Process ideas for software development ==

&lt;div class=”mw-content-ltr”&gt;
’’My apologies for writing in English.’’

Hello,

I am notifying you that a brainstorming session has been [[:m:Community Engagement (Product)/Process ideas|started on Meta]] to help the Wikimedia Foundation increase and better affect community participation in software development across all wiki projects. Basically, how can you be more involved in helping to create features on Wikimedia projects?  We are inviting all interested users to voice their ideas on how communities can be more involved and informed in the product development process at the Wikimedia Foundation. It would be very appreciated if you could translate this message to help inform your local communities as well.

I and the rest of [[:m:Community Engagement (Product)|my team]] welcome you to participate. We hope to see you on Meta.

Kind regards,
-- [[m:User:Rdicerb (WMF)|Rdicerb (WMF)]] [[m:User talk:Rdicerb (WMF)|talk]] 21 Aogositra 2014 à 22:15 (UTC)

&lt;small&gt;--This message was sent using [[m:MassMessage|MassMessage]]. Was there an error? [[m:Talk:MassMessage|Report it!]]&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=9313374 --&gt;

== Grants to improve your project ==

:''Apologies for English.  Please help translate this message.''
Greetings! The [[:m:Grants:IEG|Individual Engagement Grants program]] is accepting proposals for funding new experiments from September 1st to 30th. Your idea could improve Wikimedia projects with a new tool or gadget, a better process to support community-building on your wiki, research on an important issue, or something else we haven't thought of yet. 
Whether you need $200 or $30,000 USD, Individual Engagement Grants can cover your own project development time in addition to hiring others to help you.
*'''[[:m:Grants:IEG#ieg-apply|Submit your proposal]]'''
*'''Get help''': In [[:m:Grants:IdeaLab|IdeaLab]] or an upcoming [[:m:Grants:IdeaLab/Events#Upcoming_events|Hangout session]] [[Mpikambana:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Dinika amin'ny mpikambana:MediaWiki message delivery|discussion]]) 2 Septambra 2014 à 16:52 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:PEarley (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:PEarley_(WMF)/Sandbox&amp;oldid=9730503 --&gt;

== VisualEditor available on Internet Explorer 11 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
[[File:VisualEditor-logo.svg|right|frameless|200x200px]]

VisualEditor will become available to users of Microsoft Internet Explorer 11 during today's regular software update.  Support for some earlier versions of Internet Explorer is being worked on.  If you encounter problems with VisualEditor on Internet Explorer, please contact the Editing team by leaving a message at [[:mw:VisualEditor/Feedback|VisualEditor/Feedback]] on Mediawiki.org.  Happy editing, [[:mw:User:Elitre (WMF)|Elitre (WMF)]] 11 Septambra 2014 à 07:29 (UTC). 

PS. Please subscribe to the [[:m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|global monthly newsletter]] to receive further news about VisualEditor.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Elitre (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/VisualEditor/All_Wikipedias&amp;oldid=9829651 --&gt;

== Meta RfCs on two new global groups ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Hello all, 

There are currently requests for comment open on meta to create two new global groups. The first is a group for members of the OTRS permissions queue, which would grant them autopatrolled rights on all wikis except those who opt-out. That proposal can be found at [[m:Requests for comment/Creation of a global OTRS-permissions user group]]. The second is a group for Wikimedia Commons admins and OTRS agents to view deleted file pages through the 'viewdeletedfile' right on all wikis except those who opt-out. The second proposal can be found at [[m:Requests for comment/Global file deletion review]].

We would like to hear what you think on both proposals. Both are in English; if you wanted to translate them into your native language that would also be appreciated.

It is possible for individual projects to opt-out, so that users in those groups do not have any additional rights on those projects. To do this please start a local discussion, and if there is consensus you can request to opt-out of either or both at [[m:Stewards' noticeboard]].

Thanks and regards, [[m:User:Ajraddatz|Ajraddatz]] ([[m:User talk:Ajraddatz|talk]]) 26 Oktobra 2014 à 18:05 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Ajraddatz@metawiki en utilisant la liste à http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=10024331 --&gt;

== New Wikipedia Library Accounts Now Available (November 2014) ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
''Apologies for writing in English, please help translate this into your local language.''
Hello Wikimedians! 
[[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|150px|The TWL OWL says sign up today :)]]
[[m:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] is announcing signups today for, free, full-access accounts to published research as part of our [[m:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|Publisher Donation Program]]. You can sign up for:

*'''DeGruyter''': 1000 new accounts for English and German-language research. Sign up on one of two language Wikipedias:
**[[w:en:Wikipedia:De_Gruyter|English signup]] 
**[[w:de:Wikipedia:De_Gruyter|Deutsch signup]] 
*'''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Fold3|Fold3]]''': 100 new accounts for American history and military archives
*'''[[w:en:Wikipedia:ScotlandsPeople|Scotland's People]]''': 100 new accounts for Scottish genealogy database
*'''[[w:en:Wikipedia:BNA|British Newspaper Archive]]''': expanded by 100+ accounts for British newspapers 
*'''[[w:en:Wikipedia:HighBeam|Highbeam]]''': 100+ remaining accounts for newspaper and magazine archives
*'''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Questia| Questia]]''': 100+ remaining accounts for journal and social science articles
*'''[[w:en:Wikipedia:JSTOR|JSTOR]]''': 100+ remaining accounts for journal archives

Do better research and help expand the use of high quality references across Wikipedia projects: sign up today!
&lt;br&gt;--[[w:en:Wikipedia:TWL/Coordinators|The Wikipedia Library Team]].5 Novambra 2014 à 23:20 (UTC)

:''You can host and coordinate signups for a Wikipedia Library branch in your own language. Please contact [[m:User:Ocaasi_(WMF)|Ocaasi (WMF)]].''&lt;br&gt;
:&lt;small&gt;This message was delivered via the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/MassMessage#Global_message_delivery Global Mass Message] to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List].&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Sadads@metawiki en utilisant la liste à http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library&amp;oldid=9909230 --&gt;

== Global AbuseFilter ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Hello,

[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:AbuseFilter|AbuseFilter]] is a MediaWiki extension used to detect likely abusive behavior patterns, like pattern vandalism and spam. In 2013, [[m:Special:Mylanguage/Global AbuseFilter|Global AbuseFilters]] were enabled on a limited set of wikis including Meta-Wiki, MediaWiki.org, Wikispecies and (in early 2014) all the &quot;[https://noc.wikimedia.org/conf/highlight.php?file=small.dblist small wikis]&quot;. Recently, global abuse filters were enabled on &quot;[https://noc.wikimedia.org/conf/highlight.php?file=medium.dblist medium sized wikis]&quot; as well. These filters are currently managed by stewards on Meta-Wiki and have shown to be very effective in preventing mass spam attacks across Wikimedia projects. However, there is currently no policy on how the global AbuseFilters will be managed although there are proposals. There is an ongoing [[m:Requests for comment/Global AbuseFilter|request for comment]] on policy governing the use of the global AbuseFilters. In the meantime, specific wikis can opt out of using the global AbuseFilter. These wikis can simply add a request to [[m:Global AbuseFilter/Opt-out wikis|this list]] on Meta-Wiki. More details can be found on [[m:Special:Mylanguage/Global AbuseFilter/2014 announcement|this page]] at Meta-Wiki. If you have any questions, feel free to ask on [[m:Talk:Global AbuseFilter|m:Talk:Global AbuseFilter]].

Thanks,

[[m:User:PiRSquared17|PiRSquared17]], [[m:User:Glaisher|Glaisher]]&lt;/div&gt; — 14 Novambra 2014 à 17:34 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Glaisher@metawiki en utilisant la liste à http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_AbuseFilter/2014_announcement_distribution_list&amp;oldid=10495115 --&gt;

== New Wikipedia Library Accounts Now Available (December 2014) ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
''Apologies for writing in English, please help translate this into your local language.''
Hello Wikimedians! 
[[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|150px|The TWL OWL says sign up today :)]]
[[m:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] is announcing signups today for, free, full-access accounts to published research as part of our [[m:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|Publisher Donation Program]]. You can sign up for new accounts and research materials from:

*[[w:en:WP:ELSEVIER|Elsevier]] - science and medicine journals and books
*[[w:en:WP:RSC Gold|Royal Society of Chemistry]] - chemistry journals
*[[w:en:wp:Pelican Books|Pelican Books]] - ebook monographs
*[[w:en:WP:Public Catalogue Foundation|Public Catalogue Foundation]]- art books

Other partnerships with accounts available are listed on [[w:en:WP:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|our partners page]]. Do better research and help expand the use of high quality references across Wikipedia projects: sign up today!
&lt;br&gt;--[[w:en:Wikipedia:TWL/Coordinators|The Wikipedia Library Team]].18 Desambra 2014 à 00:23 (UTC)

:''You can host and coordinate signups for a Wikipedia Library branch in your own language. Please contact [[m:User:Ocaasi_(WMF)|Ocaasi (WMF)]].''&lt;br&gt;
:&lt;small&gt;This message was delivered via the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/MassMessage#Global_message_delivery Global Mass Message] tool to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List].&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Sadads@metawiki en utilisant la liste à http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library&amp;oldid=10542996 --&gt;

== [Global proposal] m.{{SITENAME}}.org: {{int:group-all}} {{int:right-edit}} ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
[[File:Mediawiki-mobile-smartphone.png|thumb|MediaWiki mobile]]
Hi, this message is to let you know that, on domains like {{CONTENTLANGUAGE}}.'''m'''.wikipedia.org, '''unregistered users cannot edit'''. At the Wikimedia Forum, where global configuration changes are normally discussed, a few dozens users [[m:Wikimedia Forum#Proposal: restore normal editing permissions on all mobile sites|propose to restore normal editing permissions on all mobile sites]]. Please read and comment!

Thanks and sorry for writing in English, [[m:User:Nemo_bis|Nemo]] 1 Martsa 2015 à 22:32 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Nemo bis@metawiki en utilisant la liste à http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=11428885 --&gt;

== New Wikipedia Library Accounts Available Now (March 2015) ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
''Apologies for writing in English, please help translate this into your local language.''
Hello Wikimedians! 
[[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|150px|The TWL OWL says sign up today!]]
[[m:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] is announcing signups today for, free, full-access accounts to published research as part of our [[m:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|Publisher Donation Program]]. You can sign up for new accounts and research materials from:

*[[w:en:WP:Project MUSE|Project MUSE]] — humanities and social science books and journals
*[[w:en:Wikipedia:DynaMed|DynaMed]] — clinical reference tool for medical topics
*[[w:en:Wikipedia:Royal Pharmaceutical Society|Royal Pharmaceutical Society]] — pharmaceutical information and practice resources
*[[w:en:Wikipedia:Women_Writers_Online|Women Writers Online]] — a digital humanities database focused on women's literature
*[[w:en:Wikipedia:Newspapers.com|Newspapers.com]] — American newspapers database w/ Open Access opportunities (expansion of accounts)

Many other partnerships with accounts available are listed on [[w:en:WP:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|our partners page]]. Do better research and help expand the use of high quality references across Wikipedia projects: sign up today!
&lt;br&gt;--[[w:en:Wikipedia:TWL/Coordinators|The Wikipedia Library Team]] 2 Martsa 2015 à 21:14 (UTC)

:''Help us coordinate Wikipedia Library's distribution of accounts, communication of access opportunities and more! Please join our team at [[w:en:Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library/Coordinators/Signup|our new coordinator page]].''&lt;br&gt;
:&lt;small&gt;This message was delivered via the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/MassMessage#Global_message_delivery Global Mass Message] tool to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List].&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Sadads@metawiki en utilisant la liste à http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library&amp;oldid=10785744 --&gt;

== Inspire Campaign: Improving diversity, improving content ==

This March, we’re organizing an Inspire Campaign to encourage and support new ideas for improving gender diversity on Wikimedia projects. Less than 20% of Wikimedia contributors are women, and many important topics are still missing in our content. We invite all Wikimedians to participate. If you have an idea that could help address this problem, please get involved today! The campaign runs until March 31.

All proposals are welcome - research projects, technical solutions, community organizing and outreach initiatives, or something completely new! Funding is available from the Wikimedia Foundation for projects that need financial support. Constructive, positive feedback on ideas is appreciated, and collaboration is encouraged - your skills and experience may help bring someone else’s project to life. Join us at the Inspire Campaign and help this project better represent the world’s knowledge!
:*[[:m:Grants:IdeaLab/Inspire|Inspire Campaign main page]]
''(Sorry for the English - please translate this message!)'' [[Mpikambana:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Dinika amin'ny mpikambana:MediaWiki message delivery|discussion]]) 4 Martsa 2015 à 20:01 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:PEarley (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:PEarley_(WMF)/Inspire_Mass_Message&amp;oldid=11457822 --&gt;

== SUL finalization update ==

&lt;div class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Hi all,apologies for writing in English, please read [[m:Single_User_Login_finalisation_announcement/Schema_announcement|this page]] for important information and an update involving [[m:Help:Unified login|SUL finalization]], scheduled to take place in one month. Thanks. [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 13 Martsa 2015 à 19:46 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Keegan_(WMF)/Everyone_but_meta_and_de&amp;oldid=11538208 --&gt;

== Stewards confirmation rules ==

Hello, I made [[:m:Requests_for_comment/Confirmation_of_stewards|a proposal on Meta]] to change the rules for the steward confirmations. Currently consensus to remove is required for a steward to lose his status, however I think it's fairer to the community if every steward needed the consensus to keep. As this is an issue that affects all WMF wikis, I'm sending this notification to let people know &amp; be able to participate. Best regards, --&lt;small&gt;[[User:MF-Warburg|MF-W]]&lt;/small&gt; 10 Aprily 2015 à 16:13 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:MF-Warburg@metawiki en utilisant la liste à http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=11737694 --&gt;

== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/Call for candidates|Nominations are being accepted for 2015 Wikimedia Foundation elections]] ==

''This is a message from the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/Committee|2015 Wikimedia Foundation Elections Committee]]. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/MassMessages/Accepting nominations|Translations]] are available.''
[[File:Wikimedia Foundation logo - vertical (2012-2016).svg|100px|right]]
Greetings,

I am pleased to announce that nominations are now being accepted for the 2015 Wikimedia Foundation Elections. This year the Board and the FDC Staff are looking for a diverse set of candidates from regions and projects that are traditionally under-represented on the board and in the movement as well as candidates with experience in technology, product or finance. To this end they have [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/Call for candidates|published letters]] describing what they think is needed and, recognizing that those who know the community the best are the community themselves, the election committee is [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015|accepting nominations]] for community members you think should run and will reach out to those nominated to provide them with information about the job and the election process.

This year, elections are being held for the following roles:

''Board of Trustees''&lt;br/&gt;
The Board of Trustees is the decision-making body that is ultimately responsible for the long term sustainability of the Foundation, so we value wide input into its selection.  There are three positions being filled. More information about this role can be found at [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/Board elections/2015|the board elections page]].    

''Funds Dissemination Committee (FDC)''&lt;br/&gt;
The Funds Dissemination Committee (FDC) makes recommendations about how to allocate Wikimedia movement funds to eligible entities.  There are five positions being filled. More information about this role can be found at [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/FDC elections/2015|the FDC elections page]].

''Funds Dissemination Committee (FDC) Ombud''&lt;br/&gt;
The FDC Ombud receives complaints and feedback about the FDC process, investigates complaints at the request of the Board of Trustees,  and summarizes the investigations and feedback for the Board of Trustees on an annual basis.  One position is being filled.  More information about this role can be found at [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/FDC Ombudsperson elections/2015|the FDC Ombudsperson elections page]]. 

The candidacy submission phase lasts from 00:00 UTC April 20 to 23:59 UTC May 5 for the Board and from 00:00 UTCApril 20 to 23:59 UTC April 30 for the FDC and FDC Ombudsperson. This year, we are accepting both self-nominations and nominations of others. More information on this election and the nomination process can be found on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015|the 2015 Wikimedia elections page on Meta-Wiki]].

Please feel free to post a note about the election on your project's village pump. Any questions related to the election can be posted on the talk page on Meta, or sent to the election committee's mailing list, board-elections -at- wikimedia.org 

On behalf of the Elections Committee,&lt;br/&gt;
-Gregory Varnum ([[m:User:Varnent|User:Varnent]])&lt;br/&gt;
Coordinator, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/Committee|2015 Wikimedia Foundation Elections Committee]]

''Posted by the [[m:User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] on behalf of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/Committee|2015 Wikimedia Foundation Elections Committee]], 05:03, 21 April 2015 (UTC) • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/MassMessages/Accepting nominations|Translate]] • [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015|Get help]]
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Varnent@metawiki en utilisant la liste à http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=11918510 --&gt;

== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/MassMessages/FDC voting has begun|Wikimedia Foundation Funds Dissemination Committee elections 2015]] ==

[[File:Wikimedia Foundation RGB logo with text.svg|right|75px|link=m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/MassMessages/FDC voting has begun]]
''This is a message from the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/Committee|2015 Wikimedia Foundation Elections Committee]]. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/MassMessages/FDC voting has begun|Translations]] are available.''

[[m:Special:SecurePoll/vote/336|Voting has begun]] for [[m:Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015#Requirements|eligible voters]] in the 2015 elections for the ''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/FDC elections/2015|Funds Dissemination Committee]]'' (FDC) and ''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/FDC Ombudsperson elections/2015|FDC Ombudsperson]]''. Questions and discussion with the candidates for the ''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/FDC elections/2015/Questions|Funds Dissemination Committee]]'' (FDC) and ''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/FDC Ombudsperson elections/2015/Questions|FDC Ombudsperson]]'' will continue during the voting. Nominations for the ''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/Board elections/2015|Board of Trustees]]'' will be accepted until 23:59 UTC May 5.

The ''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Grants:APG/Funds Dissemination Committee|Funds Dissemination Committee]]'' (FDC) makes recommendations about how to allocate Wikimedia movement funds to eligible entities. There are five positions on the committee being filled.

The ''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Grants:APG/Funds Dissemination Committee/Ombudsperson role, expectations, and selection process|FDC Ombudsperson]]'' receives complaints and feedback about the FDC process, investigates complaints at the request of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees|Board of Trustees]], and summarizes the investigations and feedback for the Board of Trustees on an annual basis. One position is being filled.

The voting phase lasts from 00:00 UTC May 3 to 23:59 UTC May 10. '''[[m:Special:SecurePoll/vote/336|Click here to vote]].''' Questions and discussion with the candidates will continue during that time. '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/FDC elections/2015/Questions|Click here to ask the FDC candidates a question]]. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/FDC Ombudsperson elections/2015/Questions|Click here to ask the FDC Ombudsperson candidates a question]].''' More information on the candidates and the elections can be found on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/FDC elections/2015|2015 FDC election page]], the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/FDC Ombudsperson elections/2015|2015 FDC Ombudsperson election page]], and the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/Board elections/2015|2015 Board election page]] on Meta-Wiki. 

On behalf of the Elections Committee,&lt;br/&gt;
-Gregory Varnum ([[m:User:Varnent|User:Varnent]])&lt;br/&gt;
Volunteer Coordinator, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/Committee|2015 Wikimedia Foundation Elections Committee]]

''Posted by the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] 03:45, 4 May 2015 (UTC) • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/MassMessages/FDC voting has begun|Translate]] • [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015|Get help]]
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Varnent@metawiki en utilisant la liste à http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=12082785 --&gt;

== New Wikipedia Library Accounts Available Now (May 2015) ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
''Apologies for writing in English, please help translate this into your local language.''
Hello Wikimedians! 
[[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|150px|The TWL OWL says sign up today!]]
Today [[m:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] announces signups for more free, full-access accounts to published research as part of our [[m:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|Publisher Donation Program]]. You can sign up for new accounts and research materials from:
* '''[[w:en:WP:MIT|MIT Press Journals]]''' — scholarly journals in the humanities, sciences, and social sciences  (200 accounts)
* '''[[w:en:WP:Loeb|Loeb Classical Library]]''' — Harvard University Press versions of Classical Greek and Latin literature with commentary and annotation (25 accounts)
* '''[[w:en:Wikipedia:RIPM|RIPM]]''' — music periodicals published between 1760 and 1966 (20 accounts)
* '''[[w:en:WP:SAGE Stats|Sage Stats]]''' — social science data for geographies within the United States (10 accounts)
* '''[[w:en:WP:HeinOnline|HeinOnline]]'''  — an extensive legal research database, including 2000 law-related journals as well as international legal history materials (25 accounts)

Many other partnerships with accounts available are listed on [[w:en:WP:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|our partners page]], including [[w:en:WP:Project MUSE|Project MUSE]], [[w:en:Wikipedia:JSTOR|JSTOR]], [[w:en:WP:DeGruyter|DeGruyter]], [[w:en:WP:Newspapers.com|Newspapers.com]] and [[w:en:WP:BNA|British Newspaper Archive]]. Do better research and help expand the use of high quality references across Wikipedia projects: sign up today!
&lt;br&gt;--[[w:en:Wikipedia:TWL/Coordinators|The Wikipedia Library Team]] 4 Mey 2015 à 22:12 (UTC)

:''We need your help! Help coordinate Wikipedia Library's account distribution and global development! Please join our team at [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/The_Wikipedia_Library/Coordinators/Signup Global our new coordinator signup].''&lt;br&gt;
:&lt;small&gt;This message was delivered via the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/MassMessage#Global_message_delivery Mass Message] tool to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List]&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Sadads@metawiki en utilisant la liste à http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library&amp;oldid=12114173 --&gt;

== [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:SecurePoll/vote/339?setlang=mg Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees elections 2015] ==

[[File:Wikimedia Foundation logo - vertical (2012-2016).svg|right|100px|link=metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/MassMessages/Board voting has begun]]
''This is a message from the [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/Committee|2015 Wikimedia Foundation Elections Committee]]. [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/MassMessages/Board voting has begun|Translations]] are available.''

[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:SecurePoll/vote/339?setlang=mg Voting has begun] for [[metawiki:Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015#Requirements|eligible voters]] in the 2015 elections for the ''[[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/Board elections/2015|Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees]]''. Questions and discussion with the candidates for the ''[[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/Board elections/2015/Questions|Board]]'' will continue during the voting.

The ''[[metawiki:Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees|Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees]]'' is the ultimate governing authority of the Wikimedia Foundation, a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization registered in the United States. The Wikimedia Foundation manages many diverse projects such as Wikipedia and Commons.

The voting phase lasts from 00:00 UTC May 17 to 23:59 UTC May 31. '''[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:SecurePoll/vote/339?setlang=mg Click here to vote].''' More information on the candidates and the elections can be found on the [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/Board elections/2015|2015 ''Board'' election page]] on Meta-Wiki. 

On behalf of the Elections Committee,&lt;br/&gt;
-Gregory Varnum ([[metawiki:User:Varnent|User:Varnent]])&lt;br/&gt;
Volunteer Coordinator, [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/Committee|2015 Wikimedia Foundation Elections Committee]]

''Posted by the [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] 17:20, 17 May 2015 (UTC) • [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/MassMessages/Board voting has begun|Translate]] • [[metawiki:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015|Get help]]
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Varnent@metawiki en utilisant la liste à http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=12206621 --&gt;

== [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:SecurePoll/vote/339?setlang=mg Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees elections 2015] ==

[[File:Wikimedia Foundation logo - vertical (2012-2016).svg|right|100px|link=metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/MassMessages/Board voting has begun]]
''This is a message from the [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/Committee|2015 Wikimedia Foundation Elections Committee]]. [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/MassMessages/Board voting has begun|Translations]] are available.''

[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:SecurePoll/vote/339?setlang=mg Voting has begun] for [[metawiki:Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015#Requirements|eligible voters]] in the 2015 elections for the ''[[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/Board elections/2015|Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees]]''. Questions and discussion with the candidates for the ''[[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/Board elections/2015/Questions|Board]]'' will continue during the voting.

The ''[[metawiki:Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees|Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees]]'' is the ultimate governing authority of the Wikimedia Foundation, a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization registered in the United States. The Wikimedia Foundation manages many diverse projects such as Wikipedia and Commons.

The voting phase lasts from 00:00 UTC May 17 to 23:59 UTC May 31. '''[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:SecurePoll/vote/339?setlang=mg Click here to vote].''' More information on the candidates and the elections can be found on the [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/Board elections/2015|2015 ''Board'' election page]] on Meta-Wiki. 

On behalf of the Elections Committee,&lt;br/&gt;
-Gregory Varnum ([[metawiki:User:Varnent|User:Varnent]])&lt;br/&gt;
Volunteer Coordinator, [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/Committee|2015 Wikimedia Foundation Elections Committee]]

''Posted by the [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] 17:20, 17 May 2015 (UTC) • [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/MassMessages/Board voting has begun|Translate]] • [[metawiki:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015|Get help]]
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Varnent@metawiki en utilisant la liste à http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=12206621 --&gt;

== Pywikibot compat will no longer be supported - Please migrate to pywikibot core ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;small&gt;Sorry for English, I hope someone translates this.&lt;/small&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Pywikibot|Pywikibot]] (then &quot;Pywikipediabot&quot;) was started back in 2002. In 2007 a new branch (formerly known as &quot;rewrite&quot;, now called &quot;core&quot;) was started from scratch using the MediaWiki API. The developers of Pywikibot have decided to stop supporting the compat version of Pywikibot due to bad performance and architectural errors that make it hard to update, compared to core.  If you are using pywikibot compat it is likely your code will break due to upcoming MediaWiki API changes (e.g. [[phab:T101524|T101524]]). It is highly recommended you migrate to the core framework. There is a  [[mw:Manual:Pywikibot/Compat deprecation|migration guide]], and please [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Pywikibot/Communication|contact us]] if you have any problem.

There is an upcoming MediaWiki API breaking change that compat will not be updated for. If your bot's name is in [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2015-June/081931.html this list], your bot will most likely break.

Thank you,&lt;br /&gt;
The Pywikibot development team, 19:30, 5 June 2015 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Ladsgroup@metawiki en utilisant la liste à http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=12271740 --&gt;

== Content Translation beta-feature is now available ==
[[File:Cx-icon-ltr.svg|264px|right|Tool icon]]
[[File:Content_Translation_Screencast_%28English%29.webm|thumb|How to use Content Translation - a short video (English)]]
Hello, [[mw:Content_translation|Content Translation]] has now been enabled as an opt-in beta feature on the Malagasy Wikipedia. To start translating: 

# Please enable the Beta feature in your preferences by checking the box for Content Translation. 
# Visit the page [[Special:ContentTranslation]] or to your contributions page to open the tool. 
# Click on the blue button to create a new translation. 
# A dialog will be displayed. In the From section select the language of the original article and the article name, and the language you would like to translate to. Also add the title of the new article (or the original title will be inserted) and click on Translate to begin. Your language preferences will be remembered for the next time. 
# You will see a screen consisting of three columns. The left column contains the text of the source language and the middle column is for the translated text. Using the right column you can perform several actions such as insert source text, remove the inserted text source text, add or remove links etc.  
# After you translate the article, you can publish it directly as a new page on the Malagasy Wikipedia by using the publish button that appears. In case the article gets created by another user while you  were translating, you will see an option to save the newly published translation under your user namespace.  
# The number of published pages can be seen on the [[Special:CXStats|Content Translation stats page]]. 

Since this is the first time we have installed the tool on this Wikipedia, there are chances that there may be some problems or service disruptions which we are not yet aware of. We will be monitoring the usage to check for any failures or issues, but please do let us know on the [[:mw:Talk:Content_translation|Content Translation talk page]] or through [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T102444 Phabricator] if you spot any problems that prevent you from using the tool. For more information, please read the information available in the [[:mw:Help:Extension:ContentTranslation|User Guide]]. Our announcement is written only in English, and we would really appreciate if this message can be translated to reach more users of this Wikipedia. Thank you. --[[Mpikambana:KartikMistry|KartikMistry]] ([[Dinika amin'ny mpikambana:KartikMistry|discussion]]) 16 Jiona 2015 à 16:46 (UTC)

== New Wikipedia Library Accounts Available Now (June 2015) ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Hello Wikimedians! 
[[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|150px|The TWL OWL says sign up today!]]
Today [[m:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] announces signups for more free, full-access accounts to published research as part of our [[m:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|Publisher Donation Program]]. You can sign up for new accounts and research materials from:
* '''[[w:en:WP:TANDF|Taylor &amp; Francis]]'''  — academic publisher of journals. The pilot includes two subject collections: Arts &amp; Humanities and Biological, Environment &amp; Earth Sciences. (30 accounts)
*'''[[w:en:WP:World Bank|World Bank eLibrary]]'''  — digital platform containing all books, working papers, and journal articles published by the World Bank from the 1990s to the present.  (100 accounts)
* '''[[w:en:WP:AAAS|AAAS]]''' — general interest science publisher, who publishes the journal ''Science'' among other sources (50 accounts)
'''New French-Language Branch!'''
* '''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Erudit|Érudit]]''' ([[w:fr:Wikip%C3%A9dia:%C3%89rudit|en Francais]]) — Érudit is a French-Canadian scholarly aggregator primarily, humanities and social sciences, and contains sources in both English and French. Signups on both English and French Wikipedia (50 accounts).
* '''[[w:en:WP:Cairn|Cairn.info]]''' ([[w:fr:Wikip%C3%A9dia:Cairn|en Francais]]) —  Cairn.info is a Switzerland based online web portal of scholarly materials in the humanities and social sciences. Most sources are in French, but some also in English. Signups on both English and French Wikipedia (100 accounts).
* '''[[w:fr:WP:L'Harmattan|L'Harmattan]]''' — French language publisher across a wide range of non-fiction and fiction, with a strong selection of francophone African materials  (1000 accounts).

Many other partnerships with accounts available are listed on [[meta:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|our partners page]], including an expansion of accounts for [[w:en:WP:RSUK|Royal Society journals]] and remaining accounts on [[w:en:WP:Project MUSE|Project MUSE]], [[w:en:Wikipedia:JSTOR|JSTOR]], [[w:en:WP:DeGruyter|DeGruyter]], [[w:en:WP:Highbeam|Highbeam]] [[w:en:WP:Newspapers.com|Newspapers.com]] and [[w:en:WP:BNA|British Newspaper Archive]]. If you have suggestions for journals or databases we should seek access to [[meta:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals/Requests|make a request]]! Do better research and help expand the use of high quality references across Wikipedia projects: sign up today!
&lt;br&gt;--[[w:en:Wikipedia:TWL/Coordinators|The Wikipedia Library Team]] 22:08, 15 June 2015 (UTC)

:''We need your help! Help coordinate Wikipedia Library's account distribution and global development! Please join our team at [[meta:The_Wikipedia_Library/Coordinators/Signup|our new coordinator signup]].''&lt;br&gt;
:&lt;small&gt;This message was delivered via the [[meta:MassMessage#Global_message_delivery| Global Mass Message]] tool to [[meta:Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library|The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List]]&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Sadads@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library&amp;oldid=12455967 --&gt;

== HTTPS ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
Apologies for writing in English.

Hi everyone.

Over the last few years, the Wikimedia Foundation has [http://blog.wikimedia.org/2013/08/01/future-https-wikimedia-projects/ been working] towards enabling [[m:Special:MyLanguage/HTTPS|HTTPS]] by default for all users, including unregistered ones, for better privacy and security for both readers and editors. This has taken a long time, as there were different aspects to take into account. Our servers haven't been ready to handle it. The Wikimedia Foundation has had to balance sometimes conflicting goals.

[https://blog.wikimedia.org/2015/06/12/securing-wikimedia-sites-with-https/ Forced HTTPS] has just been implemented on all Wikimedia projects. Some of you might already be aware of this, as a few Wikipedia language versions were converted to HTTPS last week and the then affected communities were notified.

Most of Wikimedia editors shouldn't be affected at all. If you edit as registered user, you've probably already had to log in through HTTPS. We'll keep an eye on this to make sure everything is working as it should. Do get in touch with [[:m:HTTPS#Help!|us]] if you have any problems after this change or contact me if you have any other questions.

/[[:m:User:Johan (WMF)|Johan (WMF)]]
&lt;/div&gt; 19 Jiona 2015 à 22:00 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/HTTPS_global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=12471979 --&gt;

== Proposal to create PNG thumbnails of static GIF images ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;

[[File:(R)-3-phenyl-cyclohanone.gif|255px|thumb|The thumbnail of this gif is of really bad quality.]]
[[File:(R)-3-phenyl-cyclohanone.png|255px|thumb|How a PNG thumb of this GIF would look like]]

There is a [[w:c:Commons:Village_pump/Proposals#Create_PNG_thumbnails_of_static_GIF_images|proposal]] at the Commons Village Pump requesting feedback about the thumbnails of static GIF images: It states that static GIF files should have their thumbnails created in PNG. The advantages of PNG over GIF would be visible especially with GIF images using an alpha channel. (compare the thumbnails on the side)

This change would affect all wikis, so if you support/oppose or want to give general feedback/concerns, please post them to the [[w:c:Commons:Village_pump/Proposals#Create_PNG_thumbnails_of_static_GIF_images|proposal page]]. Thank you. --[[w:c:User:McZusatz|McZusatz]] ([[w:c:User talk:McZusatz|talk]]) &amp; [[Mpikambana:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Dinika amin'ny mpikambana:MediaWiki message delivery|discussion]]) 24 Jolay 2015 à 05:08 (UTC)

&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:-revi@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=12485605 --&gt;

== What does a Healthy Community look like to you? ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
[[File:Community Health Cover art News portal.png|300px|right]]
Hi, &lt;br&gt;
The Community Engagement department at the Wikimedia Foundation has launched a new learning campaign. The WMF wants to record community impressions about what makes a healthy online community.
Share your views and/or create a drawing and take a chance to win a Wikimania 2016 scholarship!
Join the WMF as we begin a conversation about Community Health. Contribute a drawing or answer the questions [[meta:Grants:Evaluation/Community Health learning campaign|on the campaign's page.]]
=== Why get involved? ===
'''The world is changing. The way we relate to knowledge is transforming.''' As the next billion people come online, the Wikimedia movement is working to bring more users on the wiki projects. The way we interact and collaborate online are key to building sustainable projects. How accessible are Wikimedia projects to newcomers today? Are we helping each other learn?
&lt;br/&gt;
Share your views on this matter that affects us all!
&lt;br&gt;
'''We invite everyone to take part in this learning campaign. Wikimedia Foundation will distribute one Wikimania Scholarship 2016 among those participants who are eligible.''' 

=== More information ===
* All participants must have a registered user of at least one month antiquity on any Wikimedia project before the starting date of the campaign. 
* &lt;span style=&quot;border-bottom:1px dotted&quot;&gt; All eligible contributions must be done until '''August 23, 2015 at &lt;nowiki&gt;23:59&lt;/nowiki&gt; UTC''' &lt;/span&gt;
* &lt;big&gt; Wiki link: '''[[meta:Grants:Evaluation/Community Health learning campaign|Community Health learning campaign]]''' &lt;/big&gt;
* URL https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Evaluation/Community_Health_learning_campaign 
* Contact: [[meta:user:MCruz (WMF)|María Cruz]] / Twitter: {{@}}WikiEval #CommunityHealth / email: eval{{@}}wikimedia{{dot}}org
&lt;br&gt;

Happy editing! 
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
[[Mpikambana:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Dinika amin'ny mpikambana:MediaWiki message delivery|resaka]]) 31 Jolay 2015 à 23:42 (UTC)

&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:MCruz (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=12909005 --&gt;

== What does a Healthy Community look like to you? ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
[[File:Community Health Cover art News portal.png|300px|right]]
Hi, &lt;br&gt;
The Community Engagement department at the Wikimedia Foundation has launched a new learning campaign. The WMF wants to record community impressions about what makes a healthy online community.
Share your views and/or create a drawing and take a chance to win a Wikimania 2016 scholarship!
Join the WMF as we begin a conversation about Community Health. Contribute a drawing or answer the questions [[meta:Grants:Evaluation/Community Health learning campaign|on the campaign's page.]]
=== Why get involved? ===
'''The world is changing. The way we relate to knowledge is transforming.''' As the next billion people come online, the Wikimedia movement is working to bring more users on the wiki projects. The way we interact and collaborate online are key to building sustainable projects. How accessible are Wikimedia projects to newcomers today? Are we helping each other learn?
&lt;br/&gt;
Share your views on this matter that affects us all!
&lt;br&gt;
'''We invite everyone to take part in this learning campaign. Wikimedia Foundation will distribute one Wikimania Scholarship 2016 among those participants who are eligible.''' 

=== More information ===
* All participants must have a registered user of at least one month antiquity on any Wikimedia project before the starting date of the campaign. 
* &lt;span style=&quot;border-bottom:1px dotted&quot;&gt; All eligible contributions must be done until '''August 23, 2015 at &lt;nowiki&gt;23:59&lt;/nowiki&gt; UTC''' &lt;/span&gt;
* &lt;big&gt; Wiki link: '''[[meta:Grants:Evaluation/Community Health learning campaign|Community Health learning campaign]]''' &lt;/big&gt;
* URL https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Evaluation/Community_Health_learning_campaign 
* Contact: [[meta:user:MCruz (WMF)|María Cruz]] / Twitter: {{@}}WikiEval #CommunityHealth / email: eval{{@}}wikimedia{{dot}}org
&lt;br&gt;

Happy editing! 
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
[[Mpikambana:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Dinika amin'ny mpikambana:MediaWiki message delivery|resaka]]) 1 Aogositra 2015 à 03:16 (UTC)

&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:MCruz (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=12909005 --&gt;

== Wikidata: Access to data from arbitrary items is coming ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
(Sorry for writing in English)

When using data from Wikidata on Wikipedia and other sister projects, there is currently a limitation in place that hinders some use cases: data can only be accessed from the corresponding item. So, for example, the Wikipedia article about Berlin can only get data from the Wikidata item about Berlin but not from the item about Germany. This had technical reasons. We are now removing this limitation. It is already done for many projects. Your project is one of the next ones. We will roll out this feature here on August 12.

We invite you to play around with this new feature if you are one of the people who have been waiting for this for a long time. If you have technical issues/questions with this you can come to [[d:Wikidata:Contact the development team]].

A note of caution: Please be careful with how many items you use for a single page. If it is too many pages, loading might get slow. We will have to see how the feature behaves in production to see where we need to tweak and how.

How to use it, once it is enabled:
* Parser function: &lt;nowiki&gt;{{#property:P36|from=Q183}}&lt;/nowiki&gt; to get the capital from the item about Germany
* Lua: see [[mw:Extension:Wikibase Client/Lua]]

Cheers [[:d:User:Lydia Pintscher (WMDE)|Lydia Pintscher]] [[Mpikambana:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Dinika amin'ny mpikambana:MediaWiki message delivery|resaka]]) 3 Aogositra 2015 à 17:46 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Lydia Pintscher (WMDE)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Lydia_Pintscher_(WMDE)/Distribution_List&amp;oldid=12981073 --&gt;

== Wikidata: Access to data from arbitrary items is here ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
(Sorry for writing in English)

Hi everyone,

As I have previously announced here we have now enabled the arbitrary access feature here. This means from now on you can make use of data from any Wikidata item in any article here. Before you could for example only access data about Berlin in the article about Berlin. If you want to find out more or have questions please come to [[d:Wikidata:Arbitrary access]]. I hope this will open up great possibilities for you and make your work easier.
Cheers [[:d:Lydia Pintscher (WMDE)|Lydia Pintscher (WMDE)]] 12 Aogositra 2015 à 13:32 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Lydia Pintscher (WMDE)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Lydia_Pintscher_(WMDE)/Distribution_List&amp;oldid=12983468 --&gt;

== How can we improve Wikimedia grants to support you better? ==

''My apologies for posting this message in English. Please help translate it if you can.''

Hello,

The Wikimedia Foundation would like your feedback about how we can '''[[m:Grants:IdeaLab/Reimagining WMF grants|reimagine Wikimedia Foundation grants]]''', to better support people and ideas in your Wikimedia project.  Ways to participate:

*Respond to questions on [[m:Grants talk:IdeaLab/Reimagining WMF grants|the discussion page of the idea]].
*Join a [[m:Grants:IdeaLab/Events#Upcoming_events|small group conversation]].   
*Learn more about [[m:Grants:IdeaLab/Reimagining WMF grants/Consultation|this consultation]].
Feedback is welcome in any language.

With thanks,

[[m:User:I JethroBT (WMF)|I JethroBT (WMF)]], [[m:Community Resources|Community Resources]], Wikimedia Foundation.

([[m:Grants:IdeaLab/Reimagining WMF grants/ProjectTargets|''Opt-out Instructions'']]) &lt;small&gt;This message was sent by [[m:User:I JethroBT (WMF)|I JethroBT (WMF)]] through [[m:User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]].&lt;/small&gt; 18 Aogositra 2015 à 23:09 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:I JethroBT (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Grants:IdeaLab/Reimagining_WMF_grants/ProjectTargets&amp;oldid=13196071 --&gt;

== Introducing the Wikimedia public policy site ==

Hi all,

We are excited to introduce a new Wikimedia Public Policy site. The site includes resources and position statements on access, copyright, censorship, intermediary liability, and privacy. The site explains how good public policy supports the Wikimedia projects, editors, and mission.

Visit the public policy portal: https://policy.wikimedia.org/

Please help translate the [[m:Public policy|statements on Meta Wiki]]. You can [http://blog.wikimedia.org/2015/09/02/new-wikimedia-public-policy-site/ read more on the Wikimedia blog].

Thanks,

[[m:User:YWelinder (WMF)|Yana]] and [[m:User:Slaporte (WMF)|Stephen]] ([[m:User talk:Slaporte (WMF)|Talk]]) 2 Septambra 2015 à 18:13 (UTC)

''(Sent with the [[m:MassMessage#Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery system]])''
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Slaporte (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Slaporte_(WMF)/Announcing_public_policy_site&amp;oldid=13439030 --&gt;

== Open call for Individual Engagement Grants ==

''My apologies for posting this message in English. Please help translate it if you can.''

Greetings!  The '''[[m:IEG|Individual Engagement Grants program]] is accepting proposals''' until September 29th to fund new tools, community-building processes, and other experimental ideas that enhance the work of Wikimedia volunteers.  Whether you need a small or large amount of funds (up to $30,000 USD), Individual Engagement Grants can support you and your team’s project development time in addition to project expenses such as materials, travel, and rental space.

*[[m:Grants:IEG#ieg-apply|'''Submit''' a grant request]]
*[[m:Grants:IdeaLab|'''Get help''' with your proposal in IdeaLab]] or [[m:Grants:IdeaLab/Events#Upcoming_events|an upcoming Hangout session]]
*[[m:Grants:IEG#ieg-engaging|'''Learn from examples''' of completed Individual Engagement Grants]]

Thanks,

[[m:User:I JethroBT (WMF)|I JethroBT (WMF)]], [[m:Community Resources|Community Resources]], Wikimedia Foundation. 4 Septambra 2015 à 20:52 (UTC)

([[m:User:I JethroBT (WMF)/IEG 2015 Targets|''Opt-out Instructions'']]) &lt;small&gt;This message was sent by [[m:User:I JethroBT (WMF)|I JethroBT (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:I JethroBT (WMF)|talk]]) through [[m:User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]].&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:I JethroBT (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:I_JethroBT_(WMF)/IEG_2015_Targets&amp;oldid=13476366 --&gt;

== New Wikipedia Library Database Access (September 2015) ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;

Hello Wikimedians! 
[[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|150px|The TWL OWL says sign up today!]]
[[m:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] is announcing signups today for free, full-access accounts to published research as part of our [[m:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|Publisher Donation Program]]. You can sign up for new accounts and research materials from:
* '''[[w:en:WP:EBSCO|EBSCOHost]]''' - this is one of our largest access donations so far: access to a wide variety of academic, newspaper and magazine sources through their Academic Search Complete, Business Source Complete and MasterFILE Complete 
* '''[[w:en:WP:Newspaperarchive.com|Newspaperarchive.com]]''' - historical newspapers from the United States, Canada, UK and 20 other countries, and includes an Open Access &quot;clipping&quot; feature (1000 accounts) 
* '''[[w:en:WP:IMF|IMF Elibary]]'''- a digital collection of the IMF's reports, studies and research on global economics and development   (50 accounts) 
* '''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Sabinet|Sabinet]]''' -  one of the largest African digital publishers, based in South Africa, with a wide range of content in English and other European and African languages (10 accounts) 
* '''[[w:fr:Wikipédia:Numérique Premium|Numérique Premium]]''' - a French language social science and humanities ebook database, with topical collections on a wide range of topics (100)
*'''[[w:ar:ويكيبيديا:مكتبة_ويكيبيديا/المنهل|Al Manhal]]''' - an Arabic and English database with a wide range of sources, largely focused on or published in the Middle East (60 accounts)
*'''[[w:ar:ويكيبيديا:مكتبة ويكيبيديا/جملون|Jamalon]]'''  - an Arabic book distributor, who is providing targeted book delivery to volunteers (50 editors)

Many other partnerships with accounts available are listed on [[w:en:WP:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|our partners page]], including  expanded accounts for [[w:en:WP:Elsevier ScienceDirect|Elsevier ScienceDirect]], [[w:en:WP:BMJ|British Medical Journal]] and [[w:en:WP:Dynamed|Dynamed]] and additional accounts for [[w:en:WP:Project MUSE|Project MUSE]], [[w:en:WP:DeGruyter|DeGruyter]], [[w:en:WP:Newspapers.com|Newspapers.com]], [[w:en:WP:Highbeam|Highbeam]] and [[w:en:HeinOnline|HeinOnline]]. Do better research and help expand the use of high quality references across Wikipedia projects: sign up today!
&lt;br&gt;--[[w:en:Wikipedia:TWL/Coordinators|The Wikipedia Library Team]] 19:42, 16 September 2015 (UTC)

:''We need help! Help us coordinate Wikipedia Library's distribution of accounts, communication of access opportunities and more! Please join our team at [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/The_Wikipedia_Library/Coordinators/Signup our new coordinator signup].''&lt;br&gt;
:&lt;small&gt;This message was delivered via the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/MassMessage#Global_message_delivery Global Mass Message] tool to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List].&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Sadads@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library&amp;oldid=13664781 --&gt;

== Only one week left for Individual Engagement Grant proposals! ==

(Apologies for using English below, please help translate if you are able.)

'''There is still one week left to submit [[m:IEG|Individual Engagement Grant]] (IEG) proposals''' before the September 29th deadline.  If you have ideas for new tools, community-building processes, and other experimental projects that enhance the work of Wikimedia volunteers, start your proposal today!  Please encourage others who have great ideas to apply as well.  Support is available if you want help turning your idea into a grant request.
*[[m:Grants:IEG#ieg-apply|'''Submit''' a grant request]]
*[[m:Grants:IdeaLab|'''Get help''' with your proposal in IdeaLab]]
*[[m:Grants:IEG#ieg-engaging|'''Learn from examples''' of completed Individual Engagement Grants]]

[[m:User:I JethroBT (WMF)|I JethroBT (WMF)]], [[m:Community Resources|Community Resources]] 22 Septambra 2015 à 21:01 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:I JethroBT (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:I_JethroBT_(WMF)/IEG_2015_Targets&amp;oldid=13754911 --&gt;

== Reimagining WMF grants report ==

''(My apologies for using English here, please help translate if you are able.)''

Last month, we asked for community feedback on [[m:Grants:IdeaLab/Reimagining WMF grants| a proposal to change the structure of WMF grant programs]]. Thanks to the 200+ people who participated!  '''[[m:Grants:IdeaLab/Reimagining_WMF_grants/Outcomes|
A report]]''' on what we learned and changed based on this consultation is now available.

Come read about the findings and next steps as WMF’s Community Resources team begins to implement changes based on your feedback. Your questions and comments are welcome on [[m:Grants talk:IdeaLab/Reimagining WMF grants/Outcomes|the outcomes discussion page]].

With thanks, [[m:User:I JethroBT (WMF)|I JethroBT (WMF)]] 28 Septambra 2015 à 16:56 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:I JethroBT (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Grants:IdeaLab/Reimagining_WMF_grants/ProjectTargets&amp;oldid=13850666 --&gt;

== Community Wishlist Survey ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt; 

Hi everyone! Apologies for posting in English. Translations are very welcome.

The [[:m:Community Tech|Community Tech team]] at the Wikimedia Foundation is focused on building improved curation and moderation tools for experienced Wikimedia contributors. We're now starting a '''[[:m:2015 Community Wishlist Survey|Community Wishlist Survey]]''' to find the most useful projects that we can work on.

For phase 1 of the survey, we're inviting all active contributors to submit brief proposals, explaining the project that you'd like us to work on, and why it's important. Phase 1 will last for 2 weeks. In phase 2, we'll ask you to vote on the proposals. Afterwards, we'll analyze the top 10 proposals and create a prioritized wishlist.

While most of this process will be conducted in English, we're inviting people from any Wikimedia wiki to submit proposals. We'll also invite volunteer translators to help translate proposals into English. 

Your proposal should include: the problem that you want to solve, who would benefit, and a proposed solution, if you have one. You can submit your proposal on the Community Wishlist Survey page, using the entry field and the big blue button. We will be accepting proposals for 2 weeks, ending on November 23.
 
We're looking forward to hearing your ideas!

&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Community Tech Team via [[Mpikambana:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Dinika amin'ny mpikambana:MediaWiki message delivery|resaka]]) 9 Novambra 2015 à 21:58 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Target_lists/Global_distribution&amp;oldid=14554458 --&gt;

== Wikimania 2016 scholarships ambassadors needed ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Hello! [[wm2016:|Wikimania 2016]] scholarships will soon be open; by the end of the week we'll form the committee and we need your help, see [[wm2016:Special:MyLanguage/Scholarship committee|Scholarship committee]] for details.

If you want to carefully review nearly a thousand applications in January, you might be a perfect committee member. Otherwise, you can '''volunteer as &quot;ambassador&quot;''': you will observe all the committee activities, ensure that people from your language or project manage to apply for a scholarship, translate '''scholarship applications written in your language''' to English and so on. Ambassadors are allowed to ask for a scholarship, unlike committee members.

[[wm2016:Scholarship committee|Wikimania 2016 scholarships subteam]] 10 Novambra 2015 à 10:48 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Nemo bis@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=14347818 --&gt;

== Harassment consultation ==

{{int:Please-translate}}

The Community Advocacy team the Wikimedia Foundation has opened a consultation on the topic of '''harassment''' on [[m:Harassment consultation 2015|Meta]]. The consultation period is intended to run for one month from today, November 16, and end on December 17. Please share your thoughts there on harassment-related issues facing our communities and potential solutions. (Note: this consultation is not intended to evaluate specific cases of harassment, but rather to discuss the problem of harassment itself.)
::*[[m:Harassment consultation 2015|Harassment consultation 2015]]  
:Regards, [[m:Community Advocacy|Community Advocacy, Wikimedia Foundation]]
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:PEarley (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:PEarley_(WMF)/Inspire_Mass_Message&amp;oldid=14684364 --&gt;

== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Free Bassel/MassMessages/2015 Free Bassel banner straw poll|Your input requested on the proposed #FreeBassel banner campaign]] ==

''This is a message regarding the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Free Bassel/Banner|proposed 2015 Free Bassel banner]]. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Free Bassel/MassMessages/2015 Free Bassel banner straw poll|Translations]] are available.''

Hi everyone,

This is to inform all Wikimedia contributors that a [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Free Bassel/Banner/Straw poll|straw poll seeking your involvement]] has just been started on Meta-Wiki.

As some of your might be aware, a small group of Wikimedia volunteers have proposed a banner campaign informing Wikipedia readers about the urgent situation of our fellow Wikipedian, open source software developer and Creative Commons activist, [[:w:Bassel Khartabil|Bassel Khartabil]]. An exemplary [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Free Bassel/Banner|banner]] and an [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Free Bassel/Banner|explanatory page]] have now been prepared, and translated into about half a dozen languages by volunteer translators.

We are seeking [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Free Bassel/Banner/Straw poll|your involvement to decide]] if the global Wikimedia community approves starting a banner campaign asking Wikipedia readers to call on the Syrian government to release Bassel from prison. We understand that a campaign like this would be unprecedented in Wikipedia's history, which is why we're seeking the widest possible consensus among the community.

Given Bassel's urgent situation and the resulting tight schedule, we ask everyone to [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Free Bassel/Banner/Straw poll|get involved with the poll and the discussion]] to the widest possible extent, and to promote it among your communities as soon as possible.

(Apologies for writing in English; please kindly [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Free Bassel/MassMessages/2015 Free Bassel banner straw poll|translate]] this message into your own language.)

Thank you for your participation!

''Posted by the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] 21:47, 25 November 2015 (UTC) • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Free Bassel/MassMessages/2015 Free Bassel banner straw poll|Translate]] • [[:m:Talk:Free Bassel/Banner|Get help]]
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Varnent@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=14758733 --&gt;

== Community Wishlist Survey ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt; 

Hi everyone! Apologies for posting this in English. Translations are very welcome.

We're beginning the second part of the Community Tech team's '''[[:m:2015 Community Wishlist Survey/Voting|Community Wishlist Survey]]''', and we're inviting all active contributors to vote on the proposals that have been submitted.

Thanks to you and other Wikimedia contributors, 111 proposals were submitted to the team. We've split the proposals into categories, and now it's time to vote! You can vote for any proposal listed on the pages, using the &lt;nowiki&gt;{{Support}}&lt;/nowiki&gt; tag. Feel free to add comments pro or con, but only support votes will be counted. The voting period will be 2 weeks, ending on December 14.

The proposals with the most support votes will be the team's top priority backlog to investigate and address. Thank you for participating, and we're looking forward to hearing what you think!

Community Tech via
&lt;/div&gt; [[Mpikambana:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Dinika amin'ny mpikambana:MediaWiki message delivery|resaka]]) 1 Desambra 2015 à 14:39 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Target_lists/Global_distribution&amp;oldid=14913494 --&gt;

== New Wikipedia Library Accounts Available Now (December 2015) ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;


Hello Wikimedians! 
[[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|150px|The TWL OWL says sign up today!]]
[[m:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] is announcing signups today for, free, full-access accounts to published research as part of our [[m:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|Publisher Donation Program]]. You can sign up for new accounts and research materials from:
* [[w:en:WP:Gale|Gale]] - multidisciplinary periodicals, newspapers, and reference sources - 10 accounts
* [[w:en:Wikipedia:Brill|Brill]] - academic e-books and journals in English, Dutch, and other languages - 25 accounts
* [[w:fi:Wikipedia:Wikipedian_Lähdekirjasto/Suomalaisen_Kirjallisuuden_Seura|Finnish Literature Society]] (in Finnish)
* [[w:fa:ویکی‌پدیا:مگ‌ایران|Magiran]] (in Farsi) - scientific journal articles - 100 articles
* [[w:fa:ویکی‌پدیا:سیویلیکا|Civilica]] (in Farsi) - Iranian journal articles, seminars, and conferences - 50 accounts

Many other partnerships with accounts available are listed on [[m:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|our partners page]], including [[w:en:WP:EBSCO|EBSCO]], [[w:en:WP:DeGruyter|DeGruyter]], and [[w:en:WP:Newspaperarchive.com|Newspaperarchive.com]]. Do better research and help expand the use of high quality references across Wikipedia projects: sign up today!
&lt;br&gt;--[[m:The Wikipedia Library/Coordinators|The Wikipedia Library Team]] 01:01, 11 December 2015 (UTC)

:''Help us a start Wikipedia Library in your language! Email us at wikipedialibrary@wikimedia.org''&lt;br&gt;
:&lt;small&gt;This message was delivered via the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/MassMessage#Global_message_delivery Global Mass Message] tool to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List].&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Matiia@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library&amp;oldid=14689842 --&gt;

== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 15|Get involved in Wikipedia 15!]] ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
''This is a message from the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation|Wikimedia Foundation]]. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 15/MassMessages/Get involved|Translations]] are available.''

[[File:International-Space-Station wordmark blue.svg|right|200px]]

As many of you know, January 15 is Wikipedia’s 15th Birthday!

People around the world are getting involved in the celebration and have started adding their [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 15/Events|events on Meta Page]]. While we are celebrating Wikipedia's birthday, we hope that all projects and affiliates will be able to utilize this celebration to raise awareness of our community's efforts.

Haven’t started planning? Don’t worry, there’s lots of ways to get involved. Here are some ideas:

* '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 15/Events|Join/host an event]]'''. We already have more than 80, and hope to have many more.
* '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 15/Media|Talk to local press]]'''. In the past 15 years, Wikipedia has accomplished extraordinary things. We’ve made a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 15/15 years|handy summary]] of milestones and encourage you to add your own. More resources, including a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 15/Media#releases|press release template]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Communications/Movement Communications Skills|resources on working with the media]], are also available.
* '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 15/Material|Design a Wikipedia 15 logo]]'''. In place of a single icon for Wikipedia 15, we’re making dozens. Add your own with something fun and representative of your community. Just use the visual guide so they share a common sensibility.
* '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 15/Events/Package#birthdaywish|Share a message on social media]]'''. Tell the world what Wikipedia means to you, and add #wikipedia15 to the post. We might re-tweet or share your message!

Everything is linked on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 15|Wikipedia 15 Meta page]]. You’ll find a set of ten data visualization works that you can show at your events, and a [[c:Category:Wikipedia15 Mark|list of all the Wikipedia 15 logos]] that community members have already designed.

If you have any questions, please contact [[m:User:ZMcCune (WMF)|Zachary McCune]] or [[m:User:JSutherland (WMF)|Joe Sutherland]].

Thanks and Happy nearly Wikipedia 15!&lt;br /&gt;
-The Wikimedia Foundation Communications team

''Posted by the [[m:User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]], 18 Desambra 2015 à 20:58 (UTC) • [[m:Wikipedia 15/MassMessages/Get involved|{{int:please-translate}}]] • [[m:Talk:Wikipedia 15|{{int:help}}]]
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:GVarnum-WMF@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=15158198 --&gt;

== Wikimania 2016 Scholarships - Deadline soon! ==

:{{int:Please-translate}}
A reminder - applications for scholarships for Wikimania 2016 in Esino Lario, Italy, are closing soon! Please get your applications in by January 9th.  To apply, visit the page below:
:*[https://wikimania2016.wikimedia.org/wiki/Scholarships Wikimania 2016 Scholarships]
[[User:PEarley (WMF)|Patrick Earley (WMF)]] via [[Mpikambana:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Dinika amin'ny mpikambana:MediaWiki message delivery|resaka]]) 5 Janoary 2016 à 01:49 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:PEarley (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:PEarley_(WMF)/Mass_Message_-_large&amp;oldid=15209973 --&gt;

== 2016 WMF Strategy consultation ==

:{{int:Please-translate}}
Hello, all.

The Wikimedia Foundation (WMF) has launched a consultation to help create and prioritize WMF strategy beginning July 2016 and for the 12 to 24 months thereafter. This consultation will be open, on Meta, from 18 January to 26 February, after which the Foundation will also use these ideas to help inform its Annual Plan. (More on our timeline can be found on that Meta page.)

Your input is welcome (and greatly desired) at the Meta discussion, [[:m:2016 Strategy/Community consultation|2016 Strategy/Community consultation]].

Apologies for English, where this is posted on a non-English project. We thought it was more important to get the consultation translated as much as possible, and good headway has been made there in some languages. There is still much to do, however! We created [[:m:2016 Strategy/Translations]] to try to help coordinate what needs translation and what progress is being made. :)

If you have questions, please reach out to me on my talk page or on the strategy consultation's talk page or by email to mdennis@wikimedia.org.

I hope you'll join us! [[:m:User:Mdennis (WMF)|Maggie Dennis]] via [[Mpikambana:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Dinika amin'ny mpikambana:MediaWiki message delivery|resaka]]) 18 Janoary 2016 à 19:06 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Mdennis (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:PEarley_(WMF)/Mass_Message_-_large&amp;oldid=15253743 --&gt;

== Completion suggestor ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
== Updates to wiki search auto completion are arriving 10 March==

Hello!

{{Int:Please-translate}}. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}}

The [[:m:User:CKoerner (WMF)/Work/Completion Suggester beta reminder and coming soon|completion suggester beta feature]] will become the default at the first group of wikis on '''Thursday, 10 March'''. This initial rollout will start with some of the smaller wikis to ensure the change happens in an organized way. The remaining wikis will receive the update on Wednesday, 16 March. This update brings three major improvements to search. Improved search result ordering, a tolerance for a small number of spelling errors, and suggests fewer typos.

Since December 2015, 19,000 editors have already opted into the completion suggester beta feature. Contributors are encouraged to [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|try out the feature]] ahead of the release. Please share any comments on the Completion Suggester [[mw:Help:CirrusSearch/CompletionSuggester|discussion page]] in any language.

To learn more about the work of the Discovery department and other improvements to search, please check out [[wmfblog:2015/12/23/search-and-discovery-on-wikipedia/|the Wikimedia blog]]. Read about  [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:CirrusSearch|CirrusSearch]], the MediaWiki extension that makes wiki search possible.&lt;/div&gt; - [[User:CKoerner (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:CKoerner (WMF)|talk]]) 7 Martsa 2016 à 22:09 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:CKoerner_(WMF)/Work/Completion_Suggester_inital_rollout/Target_list&amp;oldid=15420104 --&gt;

== New Wikipedia Library Accounts Available Now (March 2016) ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
''Apologies for writing in English. {{int:Please-translate}}''

Hello Wikimedians! 
[[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|upright|The TWL OWL says sign up today!]]
[[m:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] is announcing signups today for free, full-access accounts to published research as part of our [[m:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|Publisher Donation Program]]. You can sign up for access to research materials from:
* '''[[w:en:WP:Cambridge|Cambridge University Press]]''' - a major publisher of academic journals and e-books in a variety of subject areas. Access includes both Cambridge Journals Online and Cambridge Books. 25 accounts.
* '''[[w:en:WP:Alexander Street|Alexander Street ''Academic Video Online'']]''' - a large academic video collection good for a wide range of subjects, including news programs (such as PBS and BBC), music and theatre, lectures and demonstrations, and documentaries. 25 accounts.
* '''[[w:en:WP:Baylor|Baylor University Press]]''' - a publisher of academic e-books primarily in religious studies and the humanities. 50 accounts.
* '''[[w:en:WP:Future Science Group|Future Science Group]]''' - a publisher of medical, biotechnological and scientific research. 30 accounts.
* '''[[w:en:WP:Annual Reviews|Annual Reviews]]''' - a publisher of review articles in the biomedical sciences. 100 accounts.
* '''[[w:en:WP:Miramar|Miramar Ship Index]]''' - an index to ships and their histories since the early 19th century. 30 accounts. 

'''Non-English'''
*'''[[w:fa:ویکی‌پدیا:نورمگز|Noormags]]''' - Farsi-language aggregator of academic and professional journals and magazines. 30 accounts.
*'''[[w:ar:ويكيبيديا:مكتبة ويكيبيديا/كتبنا|Kotobna]]''' - Arabic-language ebook publishing platform. 20 accounts.

'''Expansions'''
*'''[[w:en:WP:Gale|Gale]]''' - aggregator of newspapers, magazines and journals. 50 accounts.
*'''[[w:en:WP:Elsevier|Elsevier ScienceDirect]]''' - an academic publishing company that publishes medical and scientific literature. 100 accounts.
Many other partnerships with accounts available are listed on [[w:en:WP:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|our partners page]], including [[w:en:WP:Project MUSE|Project MUSE]], [[w:en:WP:De Gruyter|De Gruyter]], [[w:en:WP:EBSCO|EBSCO]], [[w:en:WP:Newspapers.com|Newspapers.com]] and [[w:en:WP:BNA|British Newspaper Archive]]. Do better research and help expand the use of high quality references across Wikipedia projects: sign up today!
&lt;br&gt;--[[w:en:Wikipedia:TWL/Coordinators|The Wikipedia Library Team]] 17 Martsa 2016 à 20:30 (UTC)


:''You can host and coordinate signups for a Wikipedia Library branch in your own language. Please contact [[m:User:Ocaasi_(WMF)|Ocaasi (WMF)]].''
:&lt;small&gt;This message was delivered via the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/MassMessage#Global_message_delivery Global Mass Message] tool to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List].&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Sadads@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library&amp;oldid=15424370 --&gt;

== Open Call for Individual Engagement Grants ==

[[File:IEG barnstar 2.png|right|100px]]
{{int:Please-translate}}:

Greetings!  The '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/IEG|Individual Engagement Grants (IEG) program]] is accepting proposals''' until April 12th to fund new tools, research, outreach efforts, and other experiments that enhance the work of Wikimedia volunteers.
Whether you need a small or large amount of funds (up to $30,000 USD), IEGs can support you and your team’s project development time in addition to project expenses such as materials, travel, and rental space.
*[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Grants:IEG#ieg-apply|'''Submit''' a grant request]] or [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Grants:IdeaLab|'''draft''' your proposal]] in IdeaLab
*[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Grants:IdeaLab/Events#Upcoming_events|'''Get help''' with your proposal]] in an upcoming Hangout session
*[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Grants:IEG#ieg-engaging|'''Learn from examples''' of completed Individual Engagement Grants]]

With thanks, [[m:User:I JethroBT (WMF)|I JethroBT (WMF)]] 31 Martsa 2016 à 15:47 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:I JethroBT (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:I_JethroBT_(WMF)/IEG_2015_Targets&amp;oldid=15490024 --&gt;

== Server switch 2016 ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
The [[foundation:|Wikimedia Foundation]] will be testing its newest data center in Dallas.
This will make sure Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia wikis can stay online even after a disaster.
To make sure everything is working, the Wikimedia Technology department needs to conduct a planned test.  This test will show whether they can reliably switch from one data center to the other. It requires many teams to prepare for the test and to be available to fix any unexpected problems.

They will switch all traffic to the new data center on '''Tuesday, 19 April'''.&lt;br/&gt;
On '''Thursday, 21 April''', they will switch back to the primary data center.

Unfortunately, because of some limitations in [[mw:Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], all editing must stop during those two switches.
We apologize for this disruption, and we are working to minimize it in the future.

'''You will be able to read, but not edit, all wikis for a short period of time.'''

*You will not be able to edit for approximately 15 to 30 minutes on Tuesday, 19 April and Thursday, 21 April, starting at 14:00 UTC (15:00 BST, 16:00 CEST, 10:00 EDT, 07:00 PDT).

If you try to edit or save during these times, you will see an error message.
We hope that no edits will be lost during these minutes, but we can't guarantee it.
If you see the error message, then please wait until everything is back to normal.
Then you should be able to save your edit.
But, we recommend that you make a copy of your changes first, just in case.

''Other effects'':

*Background jobs will be slower and some may be dropped.
Red links might not be updated as quickly as normal.
If you create an article that is already linked somewhere else, the link will stay red longer than usual.
Some long-running scripts will have to be stopped.
*There will be a code freeze for the week of 18 April.
No non-essential code deployments will take place.

This test was originally planned to take place on March 22.
April 19th and 21st are the new dates. 
You can [[wikitech:Switch Datacenter#Schedule for Q3 FY2015-2016 rollout|read the schedule at wikitech.wikimedia.org]].
They will post any changes on that schedule.
There will be more notifications about this.
'''Please share this information with your community.''' /[[m:User:Whatamidoing (WMF)|User:Whatamidoing (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Whatamidoing (WMF)|talk]]) 17 Aprily 2016 à 21:07 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tech/Server_switch_2016/Delivery_list&amp;oldid=15533827 --&gt;

== Wikipedia to the Moon ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Hello! Sorry that this is in English only, but we are using village pump messaging in order to reach as many language communities as possible. Wrong page? Please fix it [[:m:Distribution list/Global message delivery|here]].

This is an invitation to all Wikipedians: Wikimedia Deutschland has been given data space to include Wikipedia content in an upcoming mission to the Moon. (No joke!) We have launched a community discussion about how to do that, because we feel that this is for the global community of editors. Please, '''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia to the Moon|join the discussion on Meta-Wiki]]''' (and translate this invitation to your language community)! Best, [[:m:Talk:Wikipedia to the Moon|Moon team at Wikimedia Deutschland]] 21 Aprily 2016 à 15:35 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Martin Rulsch (WMDE)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_Wikipedia_delivery&amp;oldid=15542536 --&gt;

== Machine translation support enabled today for Content Translation ==

Hello, machine translation support for Content Translation (beta feature) has now been extended and enabled for users of [[phab:T129856|Malagasy Wikipedia]] using Yandex. It can be used when translating Wikipedia articles into Malagasy with Content Translation. To start using this service, please choose ‘’Yandex.Translate’’ from the ‘’Automatic Translation’’ dropdown menu that you see on the sidebar after you start translating an article. Please note, machine translation is available from all the languages that are supported by Yandex.Translate, but Content Translation can still be used in the usual manner for translating from all languages, with or without machine translation support. 

Wikimedia Foundation’s Legal team and Yandex had collaborated earlier to work out [[:mw:Content_translation/Machine_Translation/Yandex#Summary_of_terms_of_Yandex_agreement|an agreement]] that allows the use of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yandex.Translate Yandex.Translate] without compromising Wikipedia’s policy of attribution of rights, privacy of our users and brand representation. Since November 2015, Yandex machine translation has been used for articles translated for Wikipedias in many languages. Details about Yandex translation services, including a summary of the contract are available on [[:mw:Content_translation/Machine_Translation/Yandex|this page]]. More information about the machine translation services in Content Translation is available on [[:mw:Content_translation/Machine_Translation|this page]]. We request you to kindly take a look at these pages.

We have tested the service for use on the Malagasy Wikipedia, but there could be unknown problems that we are not aware of yet. Please do let us know on our [[:mw:Talk:Content_translation|Project Talk page]] or [[phab:T129856|phabricator]] if you face any problems using Content Translation. This message is only in English and we will be very grateful if it could be translated into Malagasy for other users of this Wikipedia. Thank you. On behalf of WMF Language team: --[[Mpikambana:KartikMistry|KartikMistry]] ([[Dinika amin'ny mpikambana:KartikMistry|resaka]]) 27 Aprily 2016 à 13:00 (UTC)

== Wikipedia to the Moon: voting has begun ==

Hello, after six weeks of community discussion about [https://moon.wikimedia.org Wikipedia to the Moon], there are now 10 different proposals for content for the mission. Starting today, [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia_to_the_Moon/Voting|you can vote for them on Meta-Wiki]], and decide what we will work on: a Wikipedia canon, different lists, the Moon in 300 languages, an astronomy editathon, featured articles, articles about technology, endangered things, or DNA-related topics. You can even vote against community involvement. Voting is open until 24 June. Sorry that this message is again in English only, but we are using village pumps to reach as many communities as possible, so that everyone knows they can vote. Best, [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia to the Moon/About|Moon team at Wikimedia Deutschland]] 10 Jiona 2016 à 15:31 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Martin Rulsch (WMDE)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_Wikipedia_delivery&amp;oldid=15542536 --&gt;

== Compact Links coming soon to this wiki ==

{{int:Please-translate}}
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;

[[File:Compact-language-links-list.png|thumb|Screenshot of Compact Language Links interlanguage list]]

Hello, I wanted to give a heads up about an upcoming feature for this wiki which you may seen already in [[:m:Tech/News/2016/25|Tech News]]. [[:mw:Universal_Language_Selector/Compact_Language_Links|Compact Language Links]] has been available as a beta-feature on all Wikimedia wikis since 2014. With compact language links enabled, users are shown a much shorter list of languages on the interlanguage link section of an article (see image). This will be enabled as a feature in the coming week for all users, which can be turned on or off using a preference setting. We look forward to  your feedback and please do let us know if you have any questions. Details about Compact Language Links can be read in the [[:mw:Universal_Language_Selector/Compact_Language_Links|project documentation]].

Due to the large scale enablement of this feature, we have had to use [[:m:Global_message_delivery|MassMessage]] for this message and as a result it is only written in English. We will really appreciate if this message can be translated for other users of this wiki. The main announcement can also be translated on [[:mw:Universal_Language_Selector/Compact_Language_Links/Announcement_draft_June_2016|this page]]. Thank you. On behalf of the Wikimedia Language team: [[:mw:User:Runab_WMF|Runa Bhattacharjee (WMF)]] ([[mw:User talk:Runab_WMF|talk]])-1 Jolay 2016 à 12:57 (UTC)

&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Runab WMF@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/ULS_Compact_Links/8_July&amp;oldid=15736589 --&gt;

== Wikipedia to the Moon: invitation to edit ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Three weeks ago, you were invited to vote on how to take Wikipedia articles to the Moon. Community voting is over and the winning idea is to send all ‘’featured articles and lists’’ to the Moon. This decision means that, starting today, Wikipedians from all language communities are warmly invited to intensively work on their best articles and lists, and submit them to Wikipedia to the Moon. The central site to coordinate between communities will be Meta-Wiki. You will find an [[m:Wikipedia to the Moon/Working|overview and more information there]]. Hopefully, we will be able to represent as many languages as possible, to show Wikipedia’s diversity. Please feel kindly invited to edit on behalf of your community and tell us about your work on featured content!

Best, [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia to the Moon/About|Moon team at Wikimedia Deutschland]] 1 Jolay 2016 à 14:10 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Lydia Pintscher (WMDE)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_Wikipedia_delivery&amp;oldid=15542536 --&gt;

== Open call for Project Grants ==

[[File:IEG barnstar 2.png|right|100px]]
{{int:Please-translate}}:

:Greetings!  The '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Grants:Project|Project Grants program]] is accepting proposals''' from July 1st to August 2nd to fund new tools, research, offline outreach (including editathon series, workshops, etc), online organizing (including contests), and other experiments that enhance the work of Wikimedia volunteers.
:Whether you need a small or large amount of funds, Project Grants can support you and your team’s project development time in addition to project expenses such as materials, travel, and rental space.
:*[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Grants:Project/Apply|'''Submit''' a grant request]] or [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Grants:IdeaLab|'''draft''' your proposal]] in IdeaLab
:*[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Grants:IdeaLab/Events#Upcoming_events|'''Get help with your proposal''']] in an upcoming Hangout session
:*'''Learn from examples''' of completed [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Grants:IEG#ieg-engaging|Individual Engagement Grants]] or [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Grants:PEG/Requests#Grants_funded_by_the_WMF_in_FY_2015.E2.80.9316|Project and Event Grants]]
:Also accepting candidates to [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Grants:Project/Quarterly/Committee|join the Project Grants Committee through July 15.]]  

:With thanks,  [[m:User:I JethroBT (WMF)|I JethroBT (WMF)]] 5 Jolay 2016 à 15:25 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:I JethroBT (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:I_JethroBT_(WMF)/IEG_2015_Targets&amp;oldid=15504704 --&gt;

== Compact Language Links enabled in this wiki today ==

{{int:Please-translate}}
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;

[[File:Compact-language-links-list.png|thumb|Screenshot of Compact Language Links interlanguage list]]

[[:mw:Universal_Language_Selector/Compact_Language_Links|Compact Language Links]] has been available as a beta-feature on all Wikimedia wikis since 2014. With compact language links enabled, users are shown a much shorter list of languages on the interlanguage link section of an article (see image). Based on several factors, this shorter list of languages is expected to be more relevant for them and valuable for finding similar content in a language known to them. More information about compact language links can be found in [[:mw:Universal_Language_Selector/Compact_Language_Links|the documentation]].

From today onwards, compact language links has been enabled as the default listing of interlanguage links on this wiki. However, using the button at the bottom, you will be able to see a longer list of all the languages the article has been written in. The setting for this compact list can be changed by using the checkbox under ''User Preferences -&gt; Appearance -&gt; Languages''

The compact language links feature has been tested extensively by the Wikimedia Language team, which developed it. However, in case there are any problems or other feedback please let us know on the [[:mw:Talk:Universal_Language_Selector/Compact_Language_Links|project talk page]]. It is to be noted that on some wikis the presence of an existing older gadget that was used for a similar purpose may cause an interference for compact language list. We would like to bring this to the attention of the admins of this wiki. Full details are on [[phab:T131455|this phabricator ticket]] (in English).

Due to the large scale enablement of this feature, we have had to use [[:m:Global_message_delivery|MassMessage]] for this announcement and as a result it is only written in English. We will really appreciate if this message can be translated for other users of this wiki. Thank you. On behalf of the Wikimedia Language team: [[:mw:User:Runab_WMF|Runa Bhattacharjee (WMF)]] ([[mw:User talk:Runab_WMF|talk]])-8 Jolay 2016 à 03:03 (UTC)

&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Runab WMF@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/ULS_Compact_Links/8_July&amp;oldid=15749689 --&gt;

== Save/Publish ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
The [[:mw:Editing|Editing]] team is planning to change the name of the [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special:Translations&amp;namespace=8&amp;message=Savearticle “&lt;bdi&gt;{{int:Savearticle}}&lt;/bdi&gt;”] button to [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special:Translations&amp;namespace=8&amp;message=Publishpage “'''&lt;bdi&gt;{{int:Publishpage}}&lt;/bdi&gt;'''”] and [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special:Translations&amp;namespace=8&amp;message=Publishchanges “'''&lt;bdi&gt;{{int:Publishchanges}}&lt;/bdi&gt;'''”]. “&lt;bdi&gt;{{int:Publishpage}}&lt;/bdi&gt;” will be used when you create a new page. “&lt;bdi&gt;{{int:Publishchanges}}&lt;/bdi&gt;” will be used when you change an existing page. The names will be consistent in all editing environments.[https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T131132][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T139033]

This change will probably happen during the week of 30 August 2016. The change will be announced in [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech News]] when it happens.

If you are fluent in a language other than English, please check the status of translations at translatewiki.net for [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special:Translations&amp;namespace=8&amp;message=Publishpage “'''&lt;bdi&gt;{{int:Publishpage}}&lt;/bdi&gt;'''”] and [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special:Translations&amp;namespace=8&amp;message=Publishchanges “'''&lt;bdi&gt;{{int:Publishchanges}}&lt;/bdi&gt;'''”].

The main reason for this change is to avoid confusion for new editors. Repeated user research studies with new editors have shown that some new editors believed that [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special:Translations&amp;namespace=8&amp;message=Savearticle “&lt;bdi&gt;{{int:Savearticle}}&lt;/bdi&gt;”] would save a private copy of a new page in their accounts, rather than permanently publishing their changes on the web. It is important for this part of the user interface to be clear, since it is difficult to remove public information after it is published. We believe that the confusion caused by the “&lt;bdi&gt;{{int:Savearticle}}&lt;/bdi&gt;” button increases the workload for experienced editors, who have to clean up the information that people unintentionally disclose, and report it to the functionaries and stewards to suppress it. Clarifying what the button does will reduce this problem.

Beyond that, the goal is to make all the wikis and languages more consistent, and some wikis made this change many years ago. The [[:m:Legal|Legal team]] at the Wikimedia Foundation supports this change. Making the edit interface easier to understand will make it easier to handle licensing and privacy questions that may arise. 

Any help pages or other basic documentation about how to edit pages will also need to be updated, on-wiki and elsewhere. On wiki pages, you can use the wikitext codes &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{int:Publishpage}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{int:Publishchanges}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; to display the new labels in the user's preferred language. For the language settings in [[Special:Preferences|your account preferences]], these wikitext codes produce “&lt;bdi&gt;{{int:Publishpage}}&lt;/bdi&gt;” and “&lt;bdi&gt;{{int:Publishchanges}}&lt;/bdi&gt;”.

Please share this news with community members who teach new editors and with others who may be interested.
&lt;/div&gt; [[m:User:Whatamidoing (WMF)|Whatamidoing (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Whatamidoing (WMF)|talk]]) 9 Aogositra 2016 à 18:03 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=15790914 --&gt;

== New Wikipedia Library accounts available now (August 2016) ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;


Hello Wikimedians! 
[[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|upright|The TWL OWL says sign up today!]]
[[m:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] is announcing signups today for free, full-access, accounts to published research as part of our [[m:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|publisher donation program]]. You can now sign up for new accounts and research materials from:
* '''[[w:de:Wikipedia:Nomos|Nomos]]''' &amp;ndash; Primarily German-language publisher of law and social sciences books and journals - 25 accounts
* '''[[w:en:Wikipedia:World Scientific|World Scientific]]''' &amp;ndash; Scientific, technical, and medical journals - 50 accounts
* '''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Edinburgh University Press|Edinburgh University Press]]''' &amp;ndash; Humanities and social sciences journals - 25 accounts
* '''[[w:en:Wikipedia:American Psychological Association|American Psychological Association]]''' &amp;ndash; Psychology books and journals - 10 accounts
* '''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Emerald|Emerald]]''' &amp;ndash; Journals on a range of topics including business, education, health care, and engineering - 10 accounts

Many other partnerships with accounts available are listed on [[m:The Wikipedia Library/Databases|our partners page]], including [[w:en:WP:Project MUSE|Project MUSE]], [[w:en:WP:EBSCO|EBSCO]], [[w:de:WP:DeGruyter|DeGruyter]], [[w:en:WP:Gale|Gale]] and [[w:en:WP:Newspaperarchive.com|Newspaperarchive.com]]. 

Do better research and help expand the use of high quality references across Wikipedia projects: sign up today!
&lt;br&gt;--[[w:en:Wikipedia:TWL/Coordinators|The Wikipedia Library Team]] 30 Aogositra 2016 à 18:38 (UTC)

:''You can host and coordinate signups for a Wikipedia Library branch in your own language! Please contact [[m:User:Ocaasi_(WMF)|Ocaasi (WMF)]].''&lt;br&gt; 
:&lt;small&gt;This message was delivered via the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/MassMessage#Global_message_delivery Global Mass Message] tool to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List].&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Samwalton9@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library&amp;oldid=15804509 --&gt;

== RevisionSlider ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
From September 13th on, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:RevisionSlider|RevisionSlider]] will be available as a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Beta Features|beta feature]] in your wiki. The RevisionSlider adds a slider view to the diff page, so that you can easily move between revisions. The feature fulfills a wish from the [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes|German Community’s Technical Wishlist]]. Everyone is invited to test the feature and we hope that it will serve you well in your work! &lt;/div&gt; [[user:Birgit Müller (WMDE)|Birgit Müller (WMDE)]] 12 Septambra 2016 à 15:08 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Birgit Müller (WMDE)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Technical_Wishes_News_list_2&amp;oldid=15903627 --&gt;

== Grants to improve your project ==

''{{int:Please-translate}}:''

Greetings! The [[:m:Grants:Project|Project Grants program]] is currently accepting proposals for funding. There is just over a week left to submit  before the October 11 deadline.  If you have ideas for software, offline outreach, research, online community organizing, or other projects that enhance the work of Wikimedia volunteers, start your proposal today!  Please encourage others who have great ideas to apply as well.  Support is available if you want help turning your idea into a grant request.
*'''[[:m:Grants:Project/Apply|Submit a grant request]]'''
*'''Get help''': In [[:m:Grants:IdeaLab|IdeaLab]] or an upcoming [[:m:Grants:Project#Upcoming_events|Hangout session]]
*'''Learn from examples''' of completed [[:m:Grants:IEG#ieg-engaging|Individual Engagement Grants]] or [[:m:Grants:PEG/Requests#Grants_funded_by_the_WMF_in_FY_2015.E2.80.9316|Project and Event Grants]]
[[m:User:I JethroBT (WMF)|I JethroBT (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:I JethroBT (WMF)|talk]]) 30 Septambra 2016 à 20:11 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:I JethroBT (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:I_JethroBT_(WMF)/IEG_2015_Targets&amp;oldid=15939807 --&gt;

== Creative Commons 4.0 ==

Hello! I'm writing from the Wikimedia Foundation to invite you to give your feedback on a proposed move from CC BY-SA 3.0 to a CC BY-SA 4.0 license across all Wikimedia projects. The consultation will run from October 5 to November 8, and we hope to receive a wide range of viewpoints and opinions. Please, if you are interested, [[meta:Special:MyLanguage/Terms of use/Creative Commons 4.0|take part in the discussion on Meta-Wiki]].

''Apologies that this message is only in English. [[meta:Special:MyLanguage/Terms of use/Creative Commons 4.0/MassMessage|This message can be read and translated in more languages here]].'' [[User:JSutherland (WMF)|Joe Sutherland]] ([[User talk:JSutherland (WMF)|talk]]) 6 Oktobra 2016 à 01:34 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:JSutherland (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:JSutherland_(WMF)/MassMessage/1&amp;oldid=15962252 --&gt;

== New Wikipedia Library Accounts Available Now (November 2016) ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;


Hello Wikimedians! 
[[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|upright|The TWL OWL says sign up today!]]
[[:m:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] is announcing signups today for free, full-access, accounts to published research as part of our [[m:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|Publisher Donation Program]]. You can sign up for new accounts and research materials from:
*'''''[[:en:WP:Foreign Affairs|Foreign Affairs]]''''' - Journal of international relations and U.S. foreign policy
*'''[[:en:WP:OpenEdition|OpenEdition]]''' - Journals in the social sciences and humanities
*'''[[:en:WP:EDP Sciences|Édition Diffusion Presse Sciences]]''' - French and English language scientific journals
*'''[[:en:WP:ASHA|ASHA]]''' - Speech–language–hearing journals
*'''[[:fi:Wikipedia:Wikipedian_Lähdekirjasto/Tilastopaja|Tilastopaja]]''' - Athletics statistics

'''Expansions'''
*'''[[:en:WP:EBSCO|EBSCO]]''' - Many new databases added
*'''[[:en:WP:Taylor &amp; Francis|Taylor &amp; Francis]]''' - Strategic, Defence &amp; Security Studies collection
Many other partnerships with accounts available are listed on [[:m:The Wikipedia Library/Databases|our partners page]]. Sign up today!
&lt;br&gt;--[[:m:The Wikipedia Library/Coordinators|The Wikipedia Library Team]] 1 Novambra 2016 à 18:30 (UTC)

:''You can host and coordinate signups for a Wikipedia Library branch in your own language. Please contact [[:m:User:Ocaasi_(WMF)|Ocaasi (WMF)]].''&lt;br&gt; 
:&lt;small&gt;This message was delivered via the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/MassMessage#Global_message_delivery Global Mass Message] tool to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List].&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Samwalton9@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library&amp;oldid=15939318 --&gt;

== Password reset ==

''I apologise that this message is in English. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-Security%2FPassword+reset&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:Centralnotice-shared-help-translate}}]''

We are having a problem with attackers taking over wiki accounts with privileged user rights (for example, admins, bureaucrats, oversighters, checkusers). It appears that this may be because of weak or reused passwords.

Community members are working along with members of multiple teams at the Wikimedia Foundation to address this issue.

In the meantime, we ask that everyone takes a look at the passwords they have chosen for their wiki accounts. If you know that you've chosen a weak password, or if you've chosen a password that you are using somewhere else, please change those passwords.

Select strong passwords – eight or more characters long, and containing letters, numbers, and punctuation. [[m:User:JSutherland (WMF)|Joe Sutherland]] ([[m:User talk:JSutherland (WMF)|{{int:Talkpagelinktext}}]]) / [[Mpikambana:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Dinika amin'ny mpikambana:MediaWiki message delivery|resaka]]) 14 Novambra 2016 à 00:00 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:JSutherland (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:JSutherland_(WMF)/MassMessage/1&amp;oldid=16060701 --&gt;

== Adding to the above section (Password reset) ==

Please accept my apologies - that first line should read &quot;[https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-Security%2FPassword+reset&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= Help with translations!]&quot;. [[m:User:JSutherland (WMF)|Joe Sutherland (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:JSutherland (WMF)|talk]]) / [[Mpikambana:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Dinika amin'ny mpikambana:MediaWiki message delivery|resaka]]) 14 Novambra 2016 à 00:11 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:JSutherland (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:JSutherland_(WMF)/MassMessage/1&amp;oldid=16060701 --&gt;

== New way to edit wikitext ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;

'''Summary''': There's a new opt-in Beta Feature of a [[:mw:2017 wikitext editor|wikitext mode for the visual editor]]. Please [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|go try it out]].


We in the Wikimedia Foundation's Editing department are responsible for making editing better for all our editors, new and experienced alike. We've been slowly improving [[:mw:VisualEditor|the visual editor]] based on feedback, user tests, and feature requests. However, that doesn't work for all our user needs: whether you need to edit a wikitext talk page, create a template, or fix some broken reference syntax, sometimes you need to use wikitext, and many experienced editors prefer it.

Consequently, we've planned a &quot;wikitext mode&quot; for the visual editor for a long time. It provides as much of the visual editor's features as possible, for those times that you need or want wikitext. It has the same user interface as the visual editor, including the same toolbar across the top with the same buttons. It provides access to the [[:mw:citoid|citoid service]] for formatting citations, integrated search options for inserting images, and the ability to add new templates in a simple dialog. Like in the visual editor, if you paste in formatted text copied from another page, then formatting (such as bolding) will automatically be converted into wikitext.

All wikis now have access to this mode as a [[:mw:Beta Features|Beta Feature]]. When enabled, it replaces your existing [[:mw:Editor|wikitext editor]] everywhere. If you don't like it, you can reverse this at any time by turning off the Beta Feature in your preferences. We don't want to surprise anyone, so it's strictly an ''opt-in-only'' Beta Feature. It won't switch on automatically for anyone, even if you have previously checked the box to &quot;{{Int:Betafeatures-auto-enroll}}&quot;.

The new wikitext edit mode is based on the visual editor, so it requires JavaScript (as does the [[:mw:Extension:WikiEditor|current wikitext editor]]). It doesn't work with gadgets that have only been designed for the older one (and ''vice versa''), so some users will miss gadgets they find important. We're happy to [[:mw:VisualEditor/Gadgets|work with gadget authors to help them update their code to work]] with both editors. We're not planning to get rid of the current main wikitext editor on desktop in the foreseeable future. We're also not going to remove the existing ability to edit plain wikitext without JavaScript. Finally, though it should go without saying, if you prefer to continue using the current wikitext editor, then you may so do.

This is an early version, and we'd love to know what you think so we can make it better. Please leave feedback about the new mode [[:mw:2017 wikitext editor/Feedback|on the feedback page]].  You may write comments in any language.  Thank you.

&lt;/div&gt; [[:mw:User:Jdforrester (WMF)|James Forrester]] (Product Manager, Editing department, Wikimedia Foundation) --14 Desambra 2016 à 19:32 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Elitre (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=15942009 --&gt;

== Review of initial updates on Wikimedia movement strategy process ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
''Note: Apologies for cross-posting and sending in English. [[m:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/Initial announcements review|Message is available for translation on Meta-Wiki]].''

The Wikimedia movement is beginning a movement-wide strategy discussion, a process which will run throughout 2017. For 15 years, Wikimedians have worked together to build the largest free knowledge resource in human history. During this time, we've grown from a small group of editors to a diverse network of editors, developers, affiliates, readers, donors, and partners. Today, we are more than a group of websites. We are a movement rooted in values and a powerful vision: all knowledge for all people. As a movement, we have an opportunity to decide where we go from here. 

This movement strategy discussion will focus on the future of our movement: where we want to go together, and what we want to achieve. We hope to design an inclusive process that makes space for everyone: editors, community leaders, affiliates, developers, readers, donors, technology platforms, institutional partners, and people we have yet to reach. There will be multiple ways to participate including on-wiki, in private spaces, and in-person meetings. You are warmly invited to join and make your voice heard.

The immediate goal is to have a strategic direction by Wikimania 2017 to help frame a discussion on how we work together toward that strategic direction.

Regular updates are being sent to the [[mail:Wikimedia-l|Wikimedia-l mailing list]], and posted [[m:Strategy/Wikimedia_movement/2017/Updates|on Meta-Wiki]]. Beginning with this message, monthly reviews of these updates will be sent to this page as well. [[m:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/Signup|Sign up]] to receive future announcements and monthly highlights of strategy updates on your user talk page.

Here is a review of the updates that have been sent so far:

* [[m:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/15 December 2016 - Update 1 on Wikimedia movement strategy process|Update 1 on Wikimedia movement strategy process]] (15 December 2016)
** Introduction to process and information about budget spending resolution to support it
* [[m:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/23 December 2016 - Update 2 on Wikimedia movement strategy process|Update 2 on Wikimedia movement strategy process]] (23 December 2016)
** Start of search for Lead Architect for movement strategy process
* [[m:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/8 January 2017 - Update 3 on Wikimedia movement strategy process|Update 3 on Wikimedia movement strategy process]] (8 January 2017)
** Plans for strategy sessions at upcoming Wikimedia Conference 2017
* [[m:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/11 January 2017 - Update 4 on Wikimedia movement strategy process|Update 4 on Wikimedia movement strategy process]] (11 January 2017)
** Introduction of williamsworks 
* [[m:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/2 February 2017 - Update 5 on Wikimedia movement strategy process|Update 5 on Wikimedia movement strategy process]] (2 February 2017)
** The core movement strategy team, team tracks being developed, introduction of the Community Process Steering Committee, discussions at WikiIndaba conference 2017 and the Wikimedia movement affiliates executive directors gathering in Switzerland
* [[m:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/10 February 2017 - Update 6 on Wikimedia movement strategy process|Update 6 on Wikimedia movement strategy process]] (10 February 2017)
** Tracks A &amp; B process prototypes and providing feedback, updates on development of all four Tracks

More information about the movement strategy is available on the [[m:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017|Meta-Wiki 2017 Wikimedia movement strategy portal]].

''Posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] on behalf of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation|Wikimedia Foundation]], 15 Febroary 2017 à 20:30 (UTC) • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/Initial announcements review|{{int:please-translate}}]] • [[m:Talk:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates|Get help]]''
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:GVarnum-WMF@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=16297862 --&gt;

== Overview #2 of updates on Wikimedia movement strategy process ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
''Note: Apologies for cross-posting and sending in English. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/Overview 2 of updates on Wikimedia movement strategy process|This message is available for translation on Meta-Wiki]].''

As we mentioned last month, the Wikimedia movement is beginning a movement-wide strategy discussion, a process which will run throughout 2017. This movement strategy discussion will focus on the future of our movement: where we want to go together, and what we want to achieve.

Regular updates are being sent to the [[mail:Wikimedia-l|Wikimedia-l mailing list]], and posted [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia_movement/2017/Updates|on Meta-Wiki]]. Each month, we are sending overviews of these updates to this page as well. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/Signup|Sign up]] to receive future announcements and monthly highlights of strategy updates on your user talk page.

Here is a overview of the updates that have been sent since our message last month:
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/16 February 2017 - Update 7 on Wikimedia movement strategy process|Update 7 on Wikimedia movement strategy process]] (16 February 2017)
** Development of documentation for Tracks A &amp; B
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/24 February 2017 - Update 8 on Wikimedia movement strategy process|Update 8 on Wikimedia movement strategy process]] (24 February 2017)
** Introduction of Track Leads for all four audience tracks
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/2 March 2017 - Update 9 on Wikimedia movement strategy process|Update 9 on Wikimedia movement strategy process]] (2 March 2017)
** Seeking feedback on documents being used to help facilitate upcoming community discussions

More information about the movement strategy is available on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017|Meta-Wiki 2017 Wikimedia movement strategy portal]].

''Posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] on behalf of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation|Wikimedia Foundation]], 9 Martsa 2017 à 19:44 (UTC) • [[m:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/Overview 2 of updates on Wikimedia movement strategy process|{{int:please-translate}}]] • [[m:Talk:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates|Get help]]''
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:GVarnum-WMF@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=16350625 --&gt;

== We invite you to join the movement strategy conversation (now through April 15) ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
: ''This message, &quot;[[mailarchive:wikimediaannounce-l/2017-March/001383.html|We invite you to join the movement strategy conversation (now through April 15)]]&quot;, was sent through multiple channels by  [[m:User:GVarnum-WMF|Gregory Varnum]] on 15 and 16 of March 2017 to village pumps, affiliate talk pages, movement mailing lists, and MassMessage groups. A similar message was sent by [[m:User:Nicole_Ebber_(WMDE)|Nicole Ebber]] to organized groups and their mailing lists on 15 of March 2017. This version of the message is available for translation and documentation purposes'' 

Dear Wikimedians/Wikipedians:

Today we are starting a broad discussion to define Wikimedia's future role in the world and develop a collaborative strategy to fulfill that role. You are warmly invited to join the conversation.

There are many ways to participate, by joining an existing conversation or starting your own: 

[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia_movement/2017/Track_A|Track A (organized groups)]]: Discussions with your affiliate, committee or other organized group (these are groups that support the Wikimedia movement). 

Track B (individual contributors): [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia_movement/2017/Cycle_1|On Meta]] or your [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia_movement/2017/Participate|local language or project wiki]].

This is the first of three conversations, and it will run between now and April 15. The purpose of cycle 1 is to discuss the future of the movement and generate major themes around potential directions. What do we want to build or achieve together over the next 15 years?

We welcome you, as we create this conversation together, and look forward to broad and diverse participation from all parts of our movement.

* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia_movement/2017|Find out more about the movement strategy process]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia_movement/2017/Toolkit/Discussion_Coordinator_Role|Learn more about volunteering to be a Discussion Coordinator]]

Sincerely,

Nicole Ebber (Track A Lead), Jaime Anstee (Track B Lead), &amp; the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia_movement/2017/People|engagement support teams]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; 18 Martsa 2017 à 05:09 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:GVarnum-WMF@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Strategy/Wikimedia_movement/2017/Updates/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=16453957 --&gt;

== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Updates/Start of the 2017 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees elections|Start of the 2017 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees elections]] ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
''Please accept our apologies for cross-posting this message. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Updates/Start of the 2017 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees elections|This message is available for translation on Meta-Wiki]].''
[[File:Wikimedia-logo black.svg|right|150px|link=m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017]]

On behalf of the Wikimedia Foundation Elections Committee, I am pleased to announce that self-nominations are being accepted for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2017/Board_of_Trustees/Call_for_candidates|2017 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees Elections]].

The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees|Board of Trustees]] (Board) is the decision-making body that is ultimately responsible for the long-term sustainability of the Wikimedia Foundation, so we value wide input into its selection. More information about this role can be found [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Board of Trustees|on Meta-Wiki]]. Please read the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Board of Trustees/Call for candidates|letter from the Board of Trustees calling for candidates]].

'''The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Board of Trustees/Candidates|candidacy submission phase]] will last from April 7 (00:00 UTC) to April 20 (23:59 UTC).'''

'''We will also be accepting questions to ask the candidates from April 7 to April 20. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Board of Trustees/Questions|You can submit your questions on Meta-Wiki]].'''

Once the questions submission period has ended on April 20, the Elections Committee will then collate the questions for the candidates to respond to beginning on April 21.

The goal of this process is to fill the '''three community-selected seats''' on the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees. The election results will be used by the Board itself to select its new members.

The full schedule for the Board elections is as follows. All dates are '''inclusive''', that is, from the beginning of the first day (UTC) to the end of the last. 

* April 7 (00:00 UTC) – April 20 (23:59 UTC) – '''Board nominations''' 
* April 7 – April 20 – '''Board candidates questions submission period'''
* April 21 – April 30 – '''Board candidates answer questions'''
* May 1 – May 14 – '''Board voting period'''
* May 15–19 – '''Board vote checking'''
* May 20 – '''Board result announcement goal'''

In addition to the Board elections, we will also soon be holding elections for the following roles:

* '''Funds Dissemination Committee (FDC)'''
** There are five positions being filled. More information about this election will be available [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Funds Dissemination Committee|on Meta-Wiki]].

* '''Funds Dissemination Committee Ombudsperson (Ombuds)'''
** One position is being filled.  More information about this election will be available [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Funds Dissemination Committee Ombudsperson|on Meta-Wiki]].

Please note that this year the Board of Trustees elections will be held before the FDC and Ombuds elections. Candidates who are not elected to the Board are explicitly permitted and encouraged to submit themselves as candidates to the FDC or Ombuds positions after the results of the Board elections are announced. 

More information on this year's elections can be found [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017|on Meta-Wiki]]. Any questions related to the election can be posted on the [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017|election talk page on Meta-Wiki]], or sent to the election committee's mailing list, &lt;tt dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;font-size:12px;line-height:1.5&quot;&gt;board-elections[[File:At sign.svg|15x15px|middle|link=|alt=(at)]]wikimedia.org&lt;/tt&gt;.

On behalf of the Election Committee,&lt;br /&gt;
[[m:User:KTC|Katie Chan]], Chair, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections committee|Wikimedia Foundation Elections Committee]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[m:User:JSutherland (WMF)|Joe Sutherland]], Community Advocate, Wikimedia Foundation

''Posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] on behalf of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections committee|Wikimedia Foundation Elections Committee]], 7 Aprily 2017 à 03:37 (UTC) • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Updates/Start of the 2017 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees elections|{{int:please-translate}}]] • [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017|Get help]]''&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:GVarnum-WMF@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=16441214 --&gt;

== Read-only mode for 20 to 30 minutes on 19 April and 3 May ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;

[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch 2017|Read this message in another language]]  •  {{int:please-translate}}

The [[foundation:|Wikimedia Foundation]] will be testing its secondary data center in Dallas.  This will make sure that Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia wikis can stay online even after a disaster.  To make sure everything is working, the Wikimedia Technology department needs to conduct a planned test.  This test will show whether they can reliably switch from one data center to the other. It requires many teams to prepare for the test and to be available to fix any unexpected problems. 

They will switch all traffic to the secondary data center on '''Wednesday, 19 April 2017'''.
On '''Wednesday, 3 May 2017''', they will switch back to the primary data center.  

Unfortunately, because of some limitations in [[mw:Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], all editing must stop during those two switches.  We apologize for this disruption, and we are working to minimize it in the future. 

'''You will be able to read, but not edit, all wikis for a short period of time.'''

*You will not be able to edit for approximately 20 to 30 minutes on Wednesday, 19 April and Wednesday, 3 May. The test will start at [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20170419T14 14:00 UTC] (15:00 BST, 16:00 CEST, 10:00 EDT, 07:00 PDT, 23:00 JST, and in New Zealand at 02:00 NZST on Thursday 20 April and Thursday 4 May). 
*If you try to edit or save during these times, you will see an error message.  We hope that no edits will be lost during these minutes, but we can't guarantee it.  If you see the error message, then please wait until everything is back to normal.  Then you should be able to save your edit.  But, we recommend that you make a copy of your changes first, just in case.

''Other effects'':

*Background jobs will be slower and some may be dropped. Red links might not be updated as quickly as normal. If you create an article that is already linked somewhere else, the link will stay red longer than usual. Some long-running scripts will have to be stopped.
*There will be code freezes for the weeks of 17 April 2017 and 1 May 2017.  Non-essential code deployments will not happen.

This project may be postponed if necessary.  You can [[wikitech:Switch Datacenter#Schedule for 2017 switch|read the schedule at wikitech.wikimedia.org]]. Any changes will be announced in the schedule.  There will be more notifications about this.  '''Please share this information with your community.''' /&lt;span dir=ltr&gt;[[m:User:Whatamidoing (WMF)|User:Whatamidoing (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Whatamidoing (WMF)|talk]])&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;[[Mpikambana:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Dinika amin'ny mpikambana:MediaWiki message delivery|resaka]]) 11 Aprily 2017 à 17:33 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=16545942 --&gt;

== Wikidata description editing in the Wikipedia Android app ==

&lt;div class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
[[:mw:Wikimedia_Apps/Short_descriptions|Wikidata description editing]] is a new experiment being rolled out on the Wikipedia app for Android.  While this primarily impacts Wikidata, the changes are also addressing a concern about the mobile versions of Wikipedia, so that mobile users will be able to edit directly the descriptions shown under the title of the page and in the search results.

We began by rolling out this feature several weeks ago  to a pilot group of Wikipedias (Russian, Hebrew, and Catalan), and have seen very positive [[:mw:Wikimedia_Apps/Short_descriptions/Research|results]] including numerous quality contributions in the form of new and updated descriptions, and a low rate of vandalism.

We are now ready for the next phase of rolling out this feature, which is to enable it in a few days for all Wikipedias except the top ten by usage within the app (i.e. except English, German, Italian, French, Spanish, Japanese, Dutch, Portuguese, Turkish, and Chinese). We will enable the feature for those languages instead at some point in the future, as we closely monitor user engagement with our expanded set of pilot communities.
As always, if have any concerns, please reach out to us on wiki at [[:mw:Talk:Wikimedia_Apps/Short_descriptions|the talk page for this project]] or by email at reading@wikimedia.org. Thanks!

-[[:mw:User:DBrant (WMF)|DBrant (WMF)]] 14 Aprily 2017 à 08:41 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Elitre (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Elitre_(WMF)/Wikidata_editing&amp;oldid=16580284 --&gt;

== New Page previews feature ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
New Page previews feature

[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/User:CKoerner (WMF)/Enable Hovercards/Phase 1|Read this message in another language]]  •  {{int:please-translate}}

Hello,

The Reading web team at the Wikimedia Foundation has been working to enable [[mw:Beta Features/Hovercards|Page previews]], [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|a beta feature]] known previously as Hovercards, as opt-in behavior for logged-in users and the default behavior for logged-out users across Wikipedia projects. Page previews provide a preview of any linked article, giving readers a quick understanding of a related article without leaving the current page. For this project, we are expecting to collect feedback over the following few weeks and tentatively enable the feature in early May, 2017.

A quick note on the implementation:

* For logged-in users who are not currently testing out the beta feature, Page previews will be off by default. Users may turn them on from [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|their user preferences]] page.
* For logged-out users, the feature will be on by default. Users may disable it at any time by selecting the setting cog available in each preview.
* For users of the Navigation popups gadget, you will not be able to turn on the Page previews feature while using navigational popups. If you would like to try out the Page preview feature, make sure to first turn Navigation popups off prior to turning Page previews on. 

You can read more about [[mw:Beta_Features/Hovercards|the feature]] and [[mw:Beta Features/Hovercards#Success Metrics and Feature Evaluation|the tests we used to evaluate performance]], try it out by enabling it from the beta features page, and leave feedback or questions [[mw:Talk:Beta_Features/Hovercards|on the talk page]]. 

Thank you, [[Mpikambana:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Dinika amin'ny mpikambana:MediaWiki message delivery|resaka]]) 19 Aprily 2017 à 16:52 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:CKoerner (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:CKoerner_(WMF)/Enable_Hovercards/Phase_1/Distribution_list&amp;oldid=16616381 --&gt;

== New Wikipedia Library Accounts Available Now (May 2017) ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;

Hello Wikimedians! 
[[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|upright|The TWL OWL says sign up today!]]
[[m:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] is announcing signups today for free, full-access, accounts to published research as part of our [[m:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|Publisher Donation Program]]. You can sign up for new accounts and research materials from:

* '''[[w:en:Wikipedia:American Psychiatric Association|American Psychiatric Association]]''' – Psychiatry books and journals
* '''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Bloomsbury|Bloomsbury]]''' – ''Who's Who'', Drama Online, Berg Fashion Library, and ''Whitaker's''
* '''[[w:fi:Wikipedia:Wikipedian Lähdekirjasto/Gaudeamus|Gaudeamus]]''' – Finnish humanities and social sciences
* '''[[w:fi:Wikipedia:Wikipedian Lähdekirjasto/Ympäristö-lehti|Ympäristö-lehti]]''' – The Finnish Environment Institute's ''Ympäristö-lehti'' magazine

'''Expansions'''
* '''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Gale|Gale]]''' – Biography In Context database added
* '''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Adam Matthew|Adam Matthew]]''' – all 53 databases now available

Many other partnerships with accounts available are listed on [[m:The Wikipedia Library/Databases|our partners page]], including [[w:en:WP:Project MUSE|Project MUSE]], [[w:en:WP:EBSCO|EBSCO]], [[w:en:WP:Taylor &amp; Francis|Taylor &amp; Francis]] and [[w:en:WP:Newspaperarchive.com|Newspaperarchive.com]]. 

Do better research and help expand the use of high quality references across Wikipedia projects: sign up today!
&lt;br&gt;--[[w:en:Wikipedia:TWL/Coordinators|The Wikipedia Library Team]] 2 Mey 2017 à 18:52 (UTC)

:''You can host and coordinate signups for a Wikipedia Library branch in your own language. Please contact [[m:User:AVasanth_(WMF)|Aaron]].''&lt;br&gt; 
:&lt;small&gt;This message was delivered via the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/MassMessage#Global_message_delivery Global Mass Message] tool to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List].&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Samwalton9@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library&amp;oldid=16557812 --&gt;

== [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:SecurePoll/vote/341?setlang={{CONTENTLANG}} Voting has begun in 2017 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees elections] ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[File:Wikimedia-logo black.svg|{{#switch:{{CONTENTLANG}}|ar=left|he=left|right}}|125px|link=m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Updates/Board voting has begun]]''This is a message from the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections committee|Wikimedia Foundation Elections Committee]]. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Updates/Board voting has begun|Translations]] are available.''

[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:SecurePoll/vote/341?setlang={{CONTENTLANG}}&amp;uselang={{CONTENTLANG}} Voting has begun] for [[m:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017#Requirements|eligible voters]] in the 2017 elections for the ''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Board of Trustees|Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees]]''.

The [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees|Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees]] is the ultimate governing authority of the Wikimedia Foundation, a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization registered in the United States. The Wikimedia Foundation manages many diverse projects such as Wikipedia and Commons.

The voting phase lasts from 00:00 UTC May 1 to 23:59 UTC May 14. '''[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:SecurePoll/vote/341?setlang={{CONTENTLANG}}&amp;uselang={{CONTENTLANG}} Click here to vote].''' More information on the candidates and the elections can be found on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Board of Trustees|2017 Board of Trustees election page]] on Meta-Wiki. 

On behalf of the Elections Committee,&lt;br/&gt;
[[m:User:KTC|Katie Chan]], Chair, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections committee|Wikimedia Foundation Elections Committee]]&lt;br/&gt;
[[m:User:JSutherland (WMF)|Joe Sutherland]], Community Advocate, Wikimedia Foundation

''Posted by the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Updates/Board voting has begun|Translate]] • [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017|Get help]]&lt;/div&gt; 3 Mey 2017 à 19:14 (UTC)''
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:GVarnum-WMF@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=16683836 --&gt;

== Beta Feature Two Column Edit Conflict View ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
From May 9, the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Two_Column_Edit_Conflict_View|Two Column Edit Conflict View]] will be available as a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Beta Features|beta feature]] on all wikis. The Two Column Edit Conflict View is a new interface for the edit conflict resolution page. It highlights differences between the editor's and the conflicting changes to make it easy to copy and paste pieces of the text and resolve the conflict. The feature fulfils a request for a more user-friendly edit conflict resolution from the [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes|German Community’s Technical Wishlist]]. Everyone is invited to test the feature and we hope that it will serve you well! &lt;/div&gt; [[m:user:Birgit Müller (WMDE)|Birgit Müller (WMDE)]] 8 Mey 2017 à 14:42 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Birgit Müller (WMDE)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Technical_Wishes_News_list_2&amp;oldid=16712264 --&gt;

== Prototype for editing Wikidata infoboxes on Wikipedia ==

Hello,

I’m sorry for writing in English. It’d be great if someone could translate this message if necessary.

One of the most requested features for Wikidata is to enable editing of Wikidata’s data directly from Wikipedia, so the editors can continue their workflow without switching websites.

The Wikidata development team has been working on a tool to achieve this goal: '''fill and edit the Wikipedia infoboxes with information from Wikidata, directly on Wikipedia''', via the Visual Editor. 

We already [[d:Wikidata:Client editing input|asked for feedback in 2015]], and collected some interesting ideas which we [[:File:Facilitating_the_use_of_Wikidata_in_Wikimedia_projects_with_a_user-centered_design_approach.pdf|shared with you in this thesis]]. Now we would like to present to you our first prototype and collect your feedback, in order to improve and continue the development of this feature.

We present this work to you very early, so we can include your feedback before and all along the development. You are the core users of this feature, so we want to make sure that it fits your needs and editing processes.

You will find the prototype, description of the features, and a demo video, '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Client editing prototype|on this page]]'''. Feel free to add any comment or feedback on the talk page. The page is currently not translated in every languages, but you can add your contribution by helping to translate it.

Unfortunately, I won’t be able to follow all the discussions on Wikipedia, so if you want to be sure that your feedback is read, please add it on the Wikidata page, in your favorite language. Thanks for your understanding.

Thanks, [[user:Lea Lacroix (WMDE)|Lea Lacroix (WMDE)]]
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Lea Lacroix (WMDE)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Lea_Lacroix_(WMDE)/List_Wikipedias&amp;oldid=16766491 --&gt;

== RevisionSlider ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:RevisionSlider|RevisionSlider]] will be available as a default feature for all users on all wikis from May 17. The RevisionSlider adds a slider view to the diff page so that you can easily move between revisions. The slider view is collapsed by default, and will load by clicking on it. It can also be turned off entirely in the user preferences. RevisionSlider has been a default feature on German, Arabic and Hebrew Wikipedia for 6 months and a beta feature on all wikis for 8 months. The feature fulfills a wish from the [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes|German Community’s Technical Wishlist]]. Thanks to everyone who tested RevisionSlider and gave valuable feedback to improve the feature! We hope that RevisionSlider will continue to serve you well in your work. &lt;/div&gt; [[m:user:Birgit Müller (WMDE)|Birgit Müller (WMDE)]] 16 Mey 2017 à 14:44 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Birgit Müller (WMDE)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Technical_Wishes_News_list_2&amp;oldid=16715712 --&gt;

== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Cycle 2|Join the next cycle of Wikimedia movement strategy discussions (underway until June 12)]] ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/Cycle 2 discussions launch|Message is available for translation on Meta-Wiki]]''
[[File:Wikimedia-logo.svg||{{#switch:{{CONTENTLANG}}|ar=left|he=left|right}}||150px]]
The Wikimedia movement strategy core team and working groups have completed reviewing the more than 1800 thematic statements we received from the first discussion. They have identified [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Cycle 2|5 themes that were consistent across all the conversations]] - each with their own set of sub-themes. These are not the final themes, just an initial working draft of the core concepts.

You are invited to [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Participate|join the online and offline discussions taking place]] on these 5 themes. This round of discussions will take place between now and June 12th. You can discuss as many as you like; we ask you to participate in the ones that are most (or least) important to you.

Here are the five themes, each has a page on Meta-Wiki with more information about the theme and how to participate in that theme's discussion:

* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Cycle 2/Healthy, Inclusive Communities|Healthy, Inclusive Communities]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Cycle 2/The Augmented Age|The Augmented Age]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Cycle 2/A Truly Global Movement|A Truly Global Movement]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Cycle 2/The Most Respected Source of Knowledge|The Most Respected Source of Knowledge]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Cycle 2/Engaging in the Knowledge Ecosystem|Engaging in the Knowledge Ecosystem]]

On the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Participate|movement strategy portal on Meta-Wiki]], you can find more information about each of these themes, their discussions, and how to participate.

''Posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] on behalf of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation|Wikimedia Foundation]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/Cycle 2 discussions launch|{{int:please-translate}}]] • [[m:Talk:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates|Get help]]''&lt;/div&gt; 16 Mey 2017 à 21:09 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:GVarnum-WMF@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Strategy/Wikimedia_movement/2017/Updates/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=16773425 --&gt;

== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Updates/Start of the 2017 Wikimedia Foundation Funds Dissemination Committee elections|Start of the 2017 Wikimedia Foundation Funds Dissemination Committee elections]] ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[File:Wikimedia-logo black.svg|{{#switch:{{CONTENTLANG}}|ar=left|he=left|right}}|125px|link=m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Updates/Start of the 2017 Wikimedia Foundation Funds Dissemination Committee elections]]
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Updates/Start of the 2017 Wikimedia Foundation Funds Dissemination Committee elections|Translations of this message are available on Meta-Wiki]].''

On behalf of the Wikimedia Foundation Elections Committee, we are pleased to announce that self-nominations are being accepted for the [[m:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Funds Dissemination Committee/Call for candidates|2017 Wikimedia Foundation Funds Dissemination Committee]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Funds Dissemination Committee Ombudsperson|Funds Dissemination Committee Ombudsperson]] elections. Please read the letter from the Wikimedia Foundation calling for candidates at [[m:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Funds Dissemination Committee/Call for candidates|on the 2017 Wikimedia Foundation elections portal]].

''Funds Dissemination Committee''&lt;br /&gt;
The Funds Dissemination Committee (FDC) makes recommendations about how to allocate Wikimedia movement funds to eligible entities.  There are five positions being filled. More information about this role can be found at [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Funds Dissemination Committee|the FDC elections page]].

''Funds Dissemination Committee Ombudsperson''&lt;br /&gt;
The Funds Dissemination Committee Ombudsperson receives complaints and feedback about the FDC process, investigates complaints at the request of the Board of Trustees,  and summarizes the investigations and feedback for the Board of Trustees on an annual basis. One position is being filled. More information about this role can be found at [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Funds Dissemination Committee Ombudsperson|the FDC Ombudsperson elections page]]. 

'''The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Funds Dissemination Committee/Candidates|candidacy submission phase]] will last until May 28 (23:59 UTC).'''

'''We will also be accepting questions to ask the candidates until May 28. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Funds Dissemination Committee/Questions|You can submit your questions on Meta-Wiki]].''' Once the questions submission period has ended on May 28, the Elections Committee will then collate the questions for the candidates to respond to.

The goal of this process is to fill the '''five community-selected seats''' on the Wikimedia Foundation Funds Dissemination Committee and the '''community-selected ombudsperson'''. The election results will be used by the Board itself to make the appointments.

The full schedule for the FDC elections is as follows. All dates are '''inclusive''', that is, from the beginning of the first day (UTC) to the end of the last.

* May 15 (00:00 UTC) – May 28 (23:59 UTC) – '''Nominations'''
* May 15 – May 28 – '''Candidates questions submission period'''
* May 29 – June 2 – '''Candidates answer questions'''
* June 3 – June 11 – '''Voting period'''
* June 12–14 – '''Vote checking'''
* June 15 – '''Goal date for announcing election results'''

More information on this year's elections can be found at [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017|the 2017 Wikimedia Foundation elections portal]].

Please feel free to post a note about the election on your project's village pump. Any questions related to the election can be posted on [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017|the talk page on Meta-Wiki]], or sent to the election committee's mailing list, &lt;tt dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;font-size:12px;line-height:1.5&quot;&gt;board-elections[[File:At sign.svg|15x15px|middle|link=|alt=(at)]]wikimedia.org&lt;/tt&gt;.

On behalf of the Election Committee,&lt;br /&gt;
[[m:User:KTC|Katie Chan]], Chair, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections committee|Wikimedia Foundation Elections Committee]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[m:User:JSutherland (WMF)|Joe Sutherland]], Community Advocate, Wikimedia Foundation

''Posted by the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Updates/Start of the 2017 Wikimedia Foundation Funds Dissemination Committee elections|Translate]] • [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017|Get help]]''&lt;/div&gt; 23 Mey 2017 à 21:05 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:GVarnum-WMF@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=16804695 --&gt;

== Accessible editing buttons ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;The MediaWiki developers have been slowly improving the accessibility of the user interface.  The next step in this transition will change the appearance of some buttons and may break some outdated (non-updated or unmaintained) user scripts and gadgets.

You can see and use the [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Project:Sandbox?action=submit&amp;ooui=0 old] and [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Project:Sandbox?action=submit&amp;ooui=1 new] versions now.  Most editors will only notice that some buttons are slightly larger and have different colors.

&lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot; caption=&quot;Comparison of old and new styles&quot; heights=&quot;240&quot; widths=&quot;572&quot;&gt;
File:MediaWiki edit page buttons accessibility change 2017, before.png|Buttons before the change
File:MediaWiki edit page buttons accessibility change 2017, after.png|Buttons after the change
&lt;/gallery&gt;

However, this change also affects some user scripts and gadgets.  Unfortunately, some of them may not work well in the new system.  &lt;mark&gt;If you maintain any user scripts or gadgets that are used for editing, please see '''[[:mw:Contributors/Projects/Accessible editing buttons]]''' for information on how to test and fix your scripts.  Outdated scripts can be tested and fixed now.&lt;/mark&gt;

This change will probably reach this wiki on '''Tuesday, 18 July 2017'''.  Please leave a note at [[:mw:Talk:Contributors/Projects/Accessible editing buttons]] if you need help.&lt;/div&gt; [[:m:User:Whatamidoing (WMF)|Whatamidoing (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Whatamidoing (WMF)|talk]]) 10 Jolay 2017 à 22:22 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery/Wikipedia&amp;oldid=16980876 --&gt;

== Page Previews (Hovercards) update ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;

Hello,

A quick update on the progress of enabling [[mw:Hovercards|Page Previews]] (previously named Hovercards) on this project. Page Previews provide a preview of any linked article, giving readers a quick understanding of a related article without leaving the current page. As mentioned in December we're preparing to remove the feature from Beta and make it the default behavior for logged-out users. We have recently made a large update to the code which fixes most outstanding bugs. 

Due to some issues with our instrumentation, we delayed our deployment by a few months.  We are finally ready to deploy the feature.  Page Previews will be off by default and available in the user preferences page for logged-in users the week of July 24th. The feature will be on by default for current beta users and logged-out users. If you would like to preview the feature, you can enable it as a [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|beta feature]]. For more information see [[mw:Hovercards|Page Previews]]. Questions can be left [[mw:Talk:Beta_Features/Hovercards|on the talk page]] in your preferred language. 

Thank you again.
&lt;/div&gt;[[m:User:CKoerner (WMF)|CKoerner (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:CKoerner (WMF)|talk]]) 20 Jolay 2017 à 22:32 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:CKoerner (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:CKoerner_(WMF)/Enable_Hovercards/Reminder/Distribution_list&amp;oldid=17019707 --&gt;

== RfC regarding &quot;Interlinking of accounts involved with paid editing to decrease impersonation&quot; ==

There is currently a RfC open on Meta regarding &quot;[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Requests_for_comment/Interlinking_of_accounts_involved_with_paid_editing_to_decrease_impersonation requiring those involved with paid editing on Wikipedia to link on their user page to all other active accounts through which they advertise paid Wikipedia editing business.]&quot; 

Note this is to apply to Wikipedia and not necessarily other sister projects, this is only to apply to websites where people are specifically advertising that they will edit Wikipedia for pay and not any other personal, professional, or social media accounts a person may have.

[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Requests_for_comment/Interlinking_of_accounts_involved_with_paid_editing_to_decrease_impersonation Please comment on meta]. Thanks. Send on behalf of [[User:Doc James]].

[[Mpikambana:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Dinika amin'ny mpikambana:MediaWiki message delivery|resaka]]) 17 Septambra 2017 à 21:07 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Doc James@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery/Wikipedias&amp;oldid=17234819 --&gt;

== Discussion on synced reading lists ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
'''Discussion on synced reading lists'''

Hello,

[[File:Illustration of Reading List feature on Android Wikipedia App (not logged in).png|thumb]] The Reading Infrastructure team at the Wikimedia Foundation is developing a cross-platform reading list service for the mobile Wikipedia app. Reading lists are like bookmark folders in your web browser. They allow readers using the Wikipedia app to bookmark pages into folders to read later. This includes reading offline. Reading lists do not create or alter content in any way.  

To create Reading Lists, app users will register an account and marked pages will be tied to that account. Reading List account preferences sync between devices. You can read the same pages on different mobile platforms (tablets, phones).  This is the first time we are syncing preference data between devices in such a way. We want to hear and address concerns about privacy and data security. We also want to explain why the current watchlist system is not being adapted for this purpose. 
=== Background ===
In 2016 the Android team replaced the simple Saved Pages feature with Reading Lists. Reading Lists allow users to bookmark pages into folders and for reading offline. The intent of this feature was to allow &quot;syncing&quot; of these lists for users with many devices. Due to overlap with the Gather feature and related community concerns, this part was put on hold. 

The Android team has identified this lack of synching as a major area of complaint from users. They expect lists to sync. The iOS team has held off implementing Reading Lists, as syncing was seen as a &quot;must have&quot; for this feature. A recent [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T164990 technical RfC] has allowed these user stories and needs to be unblocked. Initially for Android, then iOS, and with web to potentially follow.

Reading lists are private, stored as part of a user's account, not as a public wiki page. There is no sharing or publishing ability for reading lists. No planned work to make these public. The target audience are people that read Wikipedia and want to bookmark and organize that content in the app. There is a potential for the feature to be available on the web in the future.

=== Why not watchlists ===

Watchlists offer similar functionality to Reading Lists. The Reading Infrastructure team evaluated watchlist infrastructure before exploring other options. In general, the needs of watchlists differ from Reading Lists in a few key ways:
* Reading lists focus on Reading articles, not the monitoring of changes.
* Watchlists are focused on monitoring changes of pages/revisions. 
** The Watchlist infrastructure is key to our contributor community for monitoring content changes manually and through the use of automated tools (bots). Because of these needs, expanding the scope of Watchlists to reading purposes will only make the project harder to maintain and add more constraints.
* By keeping the projects separate it is easier to scale resources. We can serve these two different audiences and prioritize the work accordingly. Reading Lists are, by their nature, less critical to the health of Wikipedia/MediaWiki.
* Multi-project support. Reading Lists are by design cross-wiki/project. Watchlists are tied to specific wikis. While there have been many discussion for making them cross-wiki, resolution is not in the near term.
[[mw:Wikimedia Apps/Synced Reading Lists|More information can be found on MediaWiki.org]] where feedback and ideas are welcome. 

Thank you
&lt;/div&gt; [[m:User:CKoerner (WMF)|CKoerner (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:CKoerner (WMF)|talk]]) 20 Septambra 2017 à 20:35 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:CKoerner (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery/Wikipedia&amp;oldid=16981815 --&gt;

== Changes to the global ban policy ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Hello. Some changes to the [[m:Global bans|community global ban policy]] have been proposed. Your comments are welcome at [[:m:Requests for comment/Improvement of global ban policy]]. Please translate this message to your language, if needed. Cordially. [[:m:User:Matiia|Matiia]] ([[:m:User talk:Matiia|Matiia]]) 12 Novambra 2017 à 00:34 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Matiia@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=17241561 --&gt;

== New print to pdf feature for mobile web readers ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
'''New print to pdf feature for mobile web readers'''

The Readers web team will be deploying a new feature this week to make it [[mw:Reading/Web/Projects/Mobile_PDFs|easier to download PDF versions of articles on the mobile website]].

Providing better offline functionality was one of the highlighted areas from [[m:New_Readers/Offline|the research done by the New Readers team in Mexico, Nigeria, and India]]. The teams created a prototype for mobile PDFs which was evaluated by user research and community feedback.  The [[m:New_Readers/Offline#Concept_testing_for_mobile_web|prototype evaluation]] received positive feedback and results, so development continued.

For the initial deployment, the feature will be available to Google Chrome browsers on Android. Support for other mobile browsers to come in the future. For Chrome, the feature will use the native Android print functionality. Users can choose to download a webpage as a PDF. [[mw:Reading/Web/Projects/Print_Styles#Mobile_Printing|Mobile print styles]] will be used for these PDFs to ensure optimal readability for smaller screens.

The feature is available starting Wednesday, Nov 15. For more information, see [[mw:Reading/Web/Projects/Mobile_PDFs|the project page on MediaWiki.org]]. 

{{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} 
&lt;/div&gt; [[m:User:CKoerner (WMF)|CKoerner (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:CKoerner (WMF)|talk]]) 20 Novambra 2017 à 22:07 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:CKoerner (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:CKoerner_(WMF)/Mobile_PDF_distribution_list&amp;oldid=17448927 --&gt;

== Call for Wikimania 2018 Scholarships ==

Hi all,

We wanted to inform you that scholarship applications for [[:wm2018:Wikimania 2018|Wikimania 2018]] which is being held in Cape Town, South Africa on July 18–22, 2018 are now being accepted. '''Applications are open until Monday, 22 January 2018 23:59 UTC.'''

Applicants will be able to apply for a partial or full scholarship. A full scholarship will cover the cost of an individual's round-trip travel, shared accommodation, and conference registration fees as arranged by the Wikimedia Foundation. A partial scholarship will cover conference registration fees and shared accommodation. Applicants will be rated using a pre-determined selection process and selection criteria established by the Scholarship Committee and the Wikimedia Foundation, who will determine which applications are successful. To learn more about Wikimania 2018 scholarships, please visit: [[:wm2018:Scholarships]].

To apply for a scholarship, fill out the multi-language application form on: '''https://scholarships.wikimedia.org/apply'''

It is highly recommended that applicants review all the material on the Scholarships page and [[:wm2018:Scholarships/FAQ|the associated FAQ]] before submitting an application. If you have any questions, please contact: wikimania-scholarships at wikimedia.org or leave a message at: [[:wm2018:Talk:Scholarships]]. Please help us spread the word and translate pages!

Best regards, [[:m:User:Slashme|David Richfield]] and [[:m:DerHexer|Martin Rulsch]] for the [[:wm2018:Scholarship Committee|Scholarship Committee]] 20 Desambra 2017 à 19:24 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:DerHexer@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_Wikipedia_delivery&amp;oldid=17300722 --&gt;

== User group for Military Historians ==

Greetings, 

&quot;Military history&quot; is one of the most important subjects when speak of sum of all human knowledge. To support contributors interested in the area over various language Wikipedias, we intend to form a user group. It also provides a platform to share the best practices between military historians, and various military related projects on Wikipedias. An initial discussion was has been done between the coordinators and members of WikiProject Military History on English Wikipedia. Now this discussion has been taken to Meta-Wiki. Contributors intrested in the area of military history are requested to share their feedback and give suggestions at [[:m:Talk:Discussion to incubate a user group for Wikipedia Military Historians|Talk:Discussion to incubate a user group for Wikipedia Military Historians]].

[[Mpikambana:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Dinika amin'ny mpikambana:MediaWiki message delivery|resaka]]) 21 Desambra 2017 à 10:46 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Krishna Chaitanya Velaga@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_Wikipedia_delivery&amp;oldid=17565441 --&gt;

== AdvancedSearch ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
From May 8, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:AdvancedSearch|AdvancedSearch]] will be available as a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Beta Features|beta feature]] in your wiki. The feature enhances the [[Special:Search|search page]] through an advanced parameters form and aims to make [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/AdvancedSearch/Functional_scope|existing search options]] more visible and accessible for everyone. AdvancedSearch is a project by [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/AdvancedSearch|WMDE Technical Wishes]]. Everyone is invited to test the feature and we hope that it will serve you well in your work!  &lt;/div&gt; [[m:User:Birgit Müller (WMDE)|Birgit Müller (WMDE)]] 7 Mey 2018 à 14:53 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Birgit Müller (WMDE)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Technical_Wishes_News_list_2&amp;oldid=17995461 --&gt;

== New Wikipedia Library Accounts Available Now (May 2018) ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;


Hello Wikimedians! 
[[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|upright|The TWL OWL says sign up today!]]
[[m:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] is announcing signups today for free, full-access, accounts to research and tools as part of our [[m:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|Publisher Donation Program]]. You can sign up for new accounts and research materials on the [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/ Library Card platform]: 
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/69/ Rock's Backpages]''' – Music articles and interviews from the 1950s onwards - 50 accounts
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/68/ Invaluable]''' – Database of more than 50 million auctions and over 500,000 artists - 15 accounts
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/70/ Termsoup]''' – Translation tool

'''Expansions'''
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/43/ Fold3]''' – Available content has more than doubled, now including new military collections from the UK, Australia, and New Zealand.
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/52/ Oxford University Press]''' – The Scholarship collection now includes [http://www.e-enlightenment.com/ Electronic Enlightenment]
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/60/ Alexander Street Press]''' – [https://alexanderstreet.com/products/women-and-social-movements-library Women and Social Movements Library] now available
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/58/ Cambridge University Press]''' – [http://orlando.cambridge.org/ Orlando Collection] now available

Many other partnerships with accounts available are listed on [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/ our partners page], including [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/47/ Baylor University Press], [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/41/ Loeb Classical Library], [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/46/ Cairn], [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/55/ Gale] and [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/61/ Bloomsbury].

Do better research and help expand the use of high quality references across Wikipedia projects: sign up today!
&lt;br&gt;--[[w:en:Wikipedia:TWL/Coordinators|The Wikipedia Library Team]] 30 Mey 2018 à 18:03 (UTC)

:''You can host and coordinate signups for a Wikipedia Library branch in your own language. Please contact [[m:User:Ocaasi_(WMF)|Ocaasi (WMF)]].''&lt;br&gt; 
:&lt;small&gt;This message was delivered via the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/MassMessage#Global_message_delivery Global Mass Message] tool to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List].&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Samwalton9@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library&amp;oldid=18064061 --&gt;

== Tidy to RemexHtml ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
The [[:mw:Parsing|Parsing]] team will be [[:mw:Parsing/Replacing Tidy|replacing Tidy with RemexHtml]] at this wiki on 5 July 2018.

Some pages at this wiki use outdated HTML.  This change may change the appearance of those pages.  [[Special:LintErrors]] has a complete list of affected pages.

Read [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-ambassadors/2018-June/001867.html this e-mail message] for more information.  Read the instructions at [[:mw:Help:Extension:Linter]].  You can ask questions at [[:mw:Talk:Parsing/Replacing Tidy]].  Thank you for helping fix these problems.
&lt;/div&gt; [[:m:User:Elitre (WMF)]] 2 Jolay 2018 à 14:38 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Elitre (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Editing/Parsing_change&amp;oldid=18129171 --&gt;

== Global preferences are available ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
Global preferences are now available, you can set them by visiting your new [[Special:GlobalPreferences|global preferences page]]. Visit [[mw:Help:Extension:GlobalPreferences|mediawiki.org for information on how to use them]] and [[mw:Help talk:Extension:GlobalPreferences|leave feedback]]. -- [[User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]])
&lt;/div&gt; 10 Jolay 2018 à 19:19 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=17968247 --&gt;

== Consultation on the creation of a separate user group for editing sitewide CSS/JS ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
''({{int:please-translate}})''

Hi all,

I'm preparing a change in who can edit sitewide CSS/JS pages. (These are pages like &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;MediaWiki:Common.css&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;MediaWiki:Vector.js&lt;/code&gt; which are executed in the browser of all readers and editors.) Currently all administrators are able to edit these pages, which poses a serious and unnecessary security risk. Soon, a dedicated, smaller user group will take over this task. Your community will be able to decide who belongs in this group, so this should mean very little change for you. You can find out more and provide feedback at [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Creation of separate user group for editing sitewide CSS/JS|the consultation page on Meta]]. If you are involved in maintaining CSS/JS code, or policymaking around adminship requests, please give it a look!

Thanks!
&lt;br/&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[m:User:Tgr|Tgr]] ([[m:User talk:Tgr|talk]]) 12 Jolay 2018 à 08:45 (UTC) &lt;small&gt;(via [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|global message delivery]])&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Tgr@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Nonechnical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&amp;oldid=18199925 --&gt;

== New user group for editing sitewide CSS / JS ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
''({{int:please-translate}})''

Hi all!

To improve the security of our readers and editors, permission handling for CSS/JS pages has changed. (These are pages like &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;MediaWiki:Common.css&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;MediaWiki:Vector.js&lt;/code&gt; which contain code that is executed in the browsers of users of the site.)
A new user group, &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Interface administrators|interface-admin]]&lt;/code&gt;, has been created.
Starting four weeks from now, only members of this group will be able edit CSS/JS pages that they do not own (that is, any page ending with &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;.css&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;.js&lt;/code&gt; that is either in the &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;MediaWiki:&lt;/code&gt; namespace or is another user's user subpage).

You can learn more about the motivation behind the change [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Creation of separate user group for editing sitewide CSS/JS|here]].

Please add users who need to edit CSS/JS to the new group (this can be done the same way new administrators are added, by stewards or local bureaucrats).
This is a dangerous permission; a malicious user or a hacker taking over the account of a careless interface-admin can abuse it in far worse ways than admin permissions could be abused. Please only assign it to users who need it, who are trusted by the community, and who follow common basic password and computer security practices (use strong passwords, do not reuse passwords, use two-factor authentication if possible, do not install software of questionable origin on your machine, use antivirus software if that's a standard thing in your environment).

Thanks!
&lt;br/&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[m:User:Tgr|Tgr]] ([[m:User talk:Tgr|talk]]) 30 Jolay 2018 à 17:44 (UTC) &lt;small&gt;(via [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|global message delivery]])&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Tgr@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Tgr/massmessage-T139380-ifadmin&amp;oldid=18255968 --&gt;

== Editing of sitewide CSS/JS is only possible for interface administrators from now ==

''({{int:please-translate}})''

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Hi all,

as [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Creation of separate user group for editing sitewide CSS/JS/announcement 2|announced previously]], permission handling for CSS/JS pages has changed: only members of the &lt;code&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Interface administrators|interface-admin]]&lt;/code&gt; ({{int:group-interface-admin}}) group, and a few highly privileged global groups such as stewards, can edit CSS/JS pages that they do not own (that is, any page ending with .css or .js that is either in the MediaWiki: namespace or is another user's user subpage). This is done to improve the security of readers and editors of Wikimedia projects. More information is available at [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Creation of separate user group for editing sitewide CSS/JS|Creation of separate user group for editing sitewide CSS/JS]]. If you encounter any unexpected problems, please contact me or file a bug.

Thanks!&lt;br /&gt;
[[m:User:Tgr|Tgr]] ([[m:User talk:Tgr|talk]]) 27 Aogositra 2018 à 12:40 (UTC) &lt;small&gt;(via [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|global message delivery]])&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Tgr@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=18258712 --&gt;

== Read-only mode for up to an hour on 12 September and 10 October ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;

[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch 2018|Read this message in another language]]  •  {{int:please-translate}}

The [[foundation:|Wikimedia Foundation]] will be testing its secondary data centre.  This will make sure that Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia wikis can stay online even after a disaster.  To make sure everything is working, the Wikimedia Technology department needs to do a planned test. This test will show if they can reliably switch from one data centre to the other. It requires many teams to prepare for the test and to be available to fix any unexpected problems. 

They will switch all traffic to the secondary data center on '''Wednesday, 12 September 2018'''.
On '''Wednesday, 10 October 2018''', they will switch back to the primary data center.  

Unfortunately, because of some limitations in [[mw:Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], all editing must stop when we switch.  We apologize for this disruption, and we are working to minimize it in the future. 

'''You will be able to read, but not edit, all wikis for a short period of time.'''

*You will not be able to edit for up to an hour on Wednesday, 12 September and Wednesday, 10 October. The test will start at [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20170503T14 14:00 UTC] (15:00 BST, 16:00 CEST, 10:00 EDT, 07:00 PDT, 23:00 JST, and in New Zealand at 02:00 NZST on Thursday 13 September and Thursday 11 October). 
*If you try to edit or save during these times, you will see an error message.  We hope that no edits will be lost during these minutes, but we can't guarantee it.  If you see the error message, then please wait until everything is back to normal.  Then you should be able to save your edit.  But, we recommend that you make a copy of your changes first, just in case.

''Other effects'':

*Background jobs will be slower and some may be dropped. Red links might not be updated as quickly as normal. If you create an article that is already linked somewhere else, the link will stay red longer than usual. Some long-running scripts will have to be stopped.
*There will be code freezes for the weeks of 10 September 2018 and 8 October 2018.  Non-essential code deployments will not happen.

This project may be postponed if necessary.  You can [[wikitech:Switch Datacenter#Schedule for 2018 switch|read the schedule at wikitech.wikimedia.org]]. Any changes will be announced in the schedule.  There will be more notifications about this.  '''Please share this information with your community.''' /&lt;span dir=ltr&gt;[[m:User:Johan (WMF)|User:Johan(WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Johan (WMF)|talk]])&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; 6 Septambra 2018 à 13:33 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=18333489 --&gt;

== The Community Wishlist Survey ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;

The Community Wishlist Survey. {{Int:Please-translate}}.

Hey everyone,

The Community Wishlist Survey is the process when the Wikimedia communities decide what the Wikimedia Foundation [[m:Community Tech|Community Tech]] should work on over the next year.

The Community Tech team is focused on tools for experienced Wikimedia editors. You can post technical proposals from now until 11 November. The communities will vote on the proposals between 16 November and 30 November. You can read more on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2019|wishlist survey page]]. 

&lt;span dir=ltr&gt;/[[m:User:Johan (WMF)|User:Johan (WMF)]]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; 30 Oktobra 2018 à 11:06 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=18458512 --&gt;

== Change coming to how certain templates will appear on the mobile web ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
'''Change coming to how certain templates will appear on the mobile web'''

{{int:please-translate}}
[[File:Page_issues_-_mobile_banner_example.jpg|thumb|Example of improvements]]

Hello,

In a few weeks the Readers web team will be changing how some templates look on the mobile web site. We will make these templates more noticeable when viewing the article. We ask for your help in updating any templates that don't look correct.

What kind of templates? Specifically templates that notify readers and contributors about issues with the content of an article – the text and information in the article. Examples like [[wikidata:Q5962027|Template:Unreferenced]] or [[Wikidata:Q5619503|Template:More citations needed]]. Right now these notifications are hidden behind a link under the title of an article. We will format templates like these (mostly those that use Template:Ambox or message box templates in general) to show a short summary under the page title. You can tap on the &quot;Learn more&quot; link to get more information.

For template editors we have [[mw:Recommendations_for_mobile_friendly_articles_on_Wikimedia_wikis#Making_page_issues_(ambox_templates)_mobile_friendly|some recommendations on how to make templates that are mobile-friendly]] and also further [[mw:Reading/Web/Projects/Mobile_Page_Issues|documentation on our work so far]].

If you have questions about formatting templates for mobile, [[mw:Talk:Reading/Web/Projects/Mobile_Page_Issues|please leave a note on the project talk page]] or [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/maniphest/task/edit/form/1/?projects=Readers-Web-Backlog file a task in Phabricator] and we will help you.

{{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}}
&lt;/div&gt; [[m:User:CKoerner (WMF)|CKoerner (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:CKoerner (WMF)|talk]]) 13 Novambra 2018 à 19:34 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:CKoerner (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=18543269 --&gt;

== Community Wishlist Survey vote ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;

The Community Wishlist Survey. {{Int:Please-translate}}.

Hey everyone,

The Community Wishlist Survey is the process when the Wikimedia communities decide what the Wikimedia Foundation [[m:Community Tech|Community Tech]] should work on over the next year.

The Community Tech team is focused on tools for experienced Wikimedia editors. The communities have now posted a long list of technical proposals. You can vote on the proposals from now until 30 November. You can read more on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2019|wishlist survey page]]. 

&lt;span dir=ltr&gt;/[[m:User:Johan (WMF)|User:Johan (WMF)]]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; 22 Novambra 2018 à 18:13 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=18543269 --&gt;

== Advanced Search ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;  
[[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/AdvancedSearch|Advanced Search]] will become a default feature on your wiki on November 28. This new interface allows you to perform specialized searches on the [[Special:Search|search page]], even if you don’t know any [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:CirrusSearch|search syntax]]. Advanced Search originates from the [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes|German Community’s Technical Wishes project]]. It's already a default feature on German, Arabic, Farsi and Hungarian Wikipedia. Besides, more than 40.000 users across all wikis have tested the beta version. Feedback is welcome on the [[mw:Help talk:Extension:AdvancedSearch|central feedback page]].&lt;/div&gt; [[m:User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|Johanna Strodt (WMDE)]] ([[m:User talk:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|talk]]) 26 Novambra 2018 à 11:02 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Technical_Wishes_News_list_2&amp;oldid=18363910 --&gt;

== New Wikimedia password policy and requirements ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;

{{int:please-translate}}

The Wikimedia Foundation security team is implementing a new [[m:Password policy|password policy and requirements]]. [[mw:Wikimedia_Security_Team/Password_strengthening_2019|You can learn more about the project on MediaWiki.org]].

These new requirements will apply to new accounts and privileged accounts. New accounts will be required to create a password with a minimum length of 8 characters. Privileged accounts will be prompted to update their password to one that is at least 10 characters in length.

These changes are planned to be in effect on December 13th. If you think your work or tools will be affected by this change, please let us know on [[mw:Talk:Wikimedia_Security_Team/Password_strengthening_2019|the talk page]].

{{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}}
&lt;/div&gt; [[m:User:CKoerner (WMF)|CKoerner (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:CKoerner (WMF)|talk]]) 6 Desambra 2018 à 20:03 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:CKoerner (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=18639017 --&gt;

== Invitation from Wiki Loves Love 2019 ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
{{int:please-translate}}

[[File:WLL Subtitled Logo (transparent).svg|right|frameless]]

Love is an important subject for humanity and it is expressed in different cultures and regions in different ways across the world through different gestures, ceremonies, festivals and to document expression of this rich and beautiful emotion, we need your help so we can share and spread the depth of cultures that each region has, the best of how people of that region, celebrate love. 

[[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Love|Wiki Loves Love (WLL)]] is an international photography competition of Wikimedia Commons with the subject love testimonials happening in the month of February.

The primary goal of the competition is to document love testimonials through human cultural diversity such as monuments, ceremonies, snapshot of tender gesture, and miscellaneous objects used as symbol of love; to illustrate articles in the worldwide free encyclopedia Wikipedia, and other Wikimedia Foundation (WMF) projects. 

The theme of 2019 iteration is '''''Celebrations, Festivals, Ceremonies and rituals of love.'''''

Sign up your affiliate or individually at [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Love 2019/Participants|Participants]] page.

To know more about the contest, check out our [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Love 2019|Commons Page]] and [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Love 2018/FAQ|FAQs]]

There are several prizes to grab. Hope to see you spreading love this February with Wiki Loves Love!

Kind regards,

[[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Love 2018/International Team|Wiki Loves Love Team]]

Imagine... the sum of all love!
&lt;/div&gt;
--[[Mpikambana:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Dinika amin'ny mpikambana:MediaWiki message delivery|resaka]]) 27 Desambra 2018 à 10:13 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Tiven2240@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=18639017 --&gt;

== FileExporter beta feature ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt; 
[[File:Logo for the beta feature FileExporter.svg|thumb|Coming soon: the beta feature [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Move_files_to_Commons|FileExporter]]]]
A new beta feature will soon be released on all wikis: The [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Move_files_to_Commons|FileExporter]]. It allows exports of files from a local wiki to Wikimedia Commons, including their file history and page history. Which files can be exported is defined by each wiki's community: '''Please check your wiki's [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Move_files_to_Commons/Configuration file documentation|configuration file]]''' if you want to use this feature.

The FileExporter has already been a beta feature on [https://www.mediawiki.org mediawiki.org], [https://meta.wikimedia.org meta.wikimedia], deWP, faWP, arWP, koWP and on [https://wikisource.org wikisource.org]. After some functionality was added, it's now becoming a beta feature on all wikis. Deployment is planned for January 16. More information can be found [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Move_files_to_Commons|on the project page]]. 

As always, feedback is highly appreciated. If you want to test the FileExporter, please activate it in your [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|user preferences]]. The best place for feedback is the [[mw:Help_talk:Extension:FileImporter|central talk page]]. Thank you from Wikimedia Deutschland's [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes|Technical Wishes project]].
&lt;/div&gt; [[User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|Johanna Strodt (WMDE)]] 14 Janoary 2019 à 09:41 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Technical_Wishes_News_list_all_village_pumps&amp;oldid=18782700 --&gt;

== No editing for 30 minutes on 17 January ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;You will '''not be able to edit''' the wikis for up to 30 minutes on '''[https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190117T07 17 January 07:00 UTC]'''. This is because of a database problem that has to be fixed immediately. You can still read the wikis. Some wikis are not affected. They don't get this message. You can see which wikis are '''not''' affected [[:m:User:Johan (WMF)/201901ReadOnlyPage|on this page]]. Most wikis are affected. The time you can not edit might be shorter than 30 minutes. /[[User:Johan (WMF)|Johan (WMF)]]&lt;/div&gt;
16 Janoary 2019 à 18:47 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/201901ReadOnly/Targets4&amp;oldid=18789232 --&gt;

== Talk to us about talking ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
[[File:OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-rtl.svg|alt=&quot;￼icon depicting two speech Bubbles&quot;|frameless|right|120px]]
The Wikimedia Foundation is planning a [[mw:Talk pages consultation 2019|global consultation about communication]]. The goal is to bring Wikimedians and wiki-minded people together to improve tools for communication.

We want all contributors to be able to talk to each other on the wikis, whatever their experience, their skills or their devices.

We are looking for input from as many different parts of the Wikimedia community as possible. It will come from multiple projects, in multiple languages, and with multiple perspectives.

We are currently planning the consultation. We need your help.

'''We need volunteers to help talk to their communities or user groups.'''

You can help by hosting a discussion at your wiki. Here's what to do:  
# First, [[mw:Talk pages consultation 2019/Participant group sign-up|sign up your group here.]]  
# Next, create a page (or a section on a Village pump, or an e-mail thread – whatever is natural for your group) to collect information from other people in your group.  This is not a vote or decision-making discussion: we are just collecting feedback.  
# Then ask people what they think about communication processes.  We want to hear stories and other information about how people communicate with each other on and off wiki.  Please consider asking these five questions:
## When you want to discuss a topic with your community, what tools work for you, and what problems block you?
## What about talk pages works for newcomers, and what blocks them?
## What do others struggle with in your community about talk pages?
## What do you wish you could do on talk pages, but can't due to the technical limitations?
## What are the important aspects of a &quot;wiki discussion&quot;?
# Finally, please go to [[mw:Talk:Talk pages consultation 2019|Talk pages consultation 2019 on Mediawiki.org]] and report what you learned from your group.  Please include links if the discussion is available to the public.

'''You can also help build the list of the many different ways people talk to each other.'''

Not all groups active on wikis or around wikis use the same way to discuss things: it can happen on wiki, on social networks, through external tools... Tell us [[mw:Talk pages consultation 2019/Tools in use|how your group communicates]].

You can read more about [[mw:Talk pages consultation 2019|the overall process]] on mediawiki.org. If you have questions or ideas, you can [[mw:Talk:Talk pages consultation 2019|leave feedback about the consultation process]] in the language you prefer.

Thank you! We're looking forward to talking with you.
&lt;/div&gt; [[user:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]] 21 Febroary 2019 à 15:01 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=18639017 --&gt;

== New Wikipedia Library Accounts Available Now (March 2019) ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Hello Wikimedians! 
[[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|upright|The TWL OWL says sign up today!]]
[[m:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] is announcing signups today for free, full-access, accounts to published research as part of our [[m:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|Publisher Donation Program]]. You can sign up for new accounts and research materials on the [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/ Library Card platform]: 
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/72/ Kinige]''' – Primarily Indian-language ebooks - 10 books per month
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/55/ Gale]''' – Times Digital Archive collection added (covering 1785-2013)
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/54/ JSTOR]''' – New applications now being taken again

Many other partnerships with accounts available are listed on [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/ our partners page], including [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/47/ Baylor University Press], [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/10/ Taylor &amp; Francis], [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/46/ Cairn], [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/32/ Annual Reviews] and [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/61/ Bloomsbury]. You can request new partnerships on our [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/suggest/ Suggestions page].

Do better research and help expand the use of high quality references across Wikipedia projects: sign up today!
&lt;br&gt;--[[w:en:Wikipedia:TWL/Coordinators|The Wikipedia Library Team]] 13 Martsa 2019 à 17:40 (UTC)

:''You can host and coordinate signups for a Wikipedia Library branch in your own language. Please contact [[m:User:Ocaasi_(WMF)|Ocaasi (WMF)]].''&lt;br&gt; 
:&lt;small&gt;This message was delivered via the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/MassMessage#Global_message_delivery Global Mass Message] tool to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List].&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Samwalton9@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library&amp;oldid=18873404 --&gt;

== Read-only mode for up to 30 minutes on 11 April ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;You will '''not be able to edit''' most Wikimedia wikis for up to 30 minutes on '''[https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190411T05 11 April 05:00 UTC]'''. This is because of a hardware problem. You can still read the wikis. You [[phab:T220080|can see which wikis are affected]]. The time you can not edit might be shorter than 30 minutes. /[[User:Johan (WMF)|Johan (WMF)]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; 8 Aprily 2019 à 10:56 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=18979889 --&gt;

== Wikimedia Foundation Medium-Term Plan feedback request ==

{{int:please-translate}}

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;The Wikimedia Foundation has published a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Medium-term_plan_2019|Medium-Term Plan proposal]] covering the next 3–5 years. We want your feedback! Please leave all comments and questions, in any language, on [[m:Talk:Wikimedia_Foundation_Medium-term_plan_2019|the talk page]], by April 20. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} [[m:User:Quiddity (WMF)|Quiddity (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Quiddity (WMF)|talk]]) 12 Aprily 2019 à 17:35 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=18998727 --&gt;

== Update on the consultation about office actions ==

Hello all, 

Last month, the Wikimedia Foundation's Trust &amp; Safety team [[:en:Wikipedia:Village_pump_(policy)/Archive_152#Announcement_of_forthcoming_temporary_and_partial_ban_tool_consultation|announced]] a future consultation about partial and/or temporary [[m:Special:MyLanguage/office actions|office actions]]. We want to let you know that the '''draft version''' of this consultation has now been [[:m:Office_actions/Community_consultation_on_partial_and_temporary_office_actions/draft|posted on Meta]]. 

This is a '''draft'''. It is not intended to be the consultation itself, which will be posted on Meta likely in early September. Please do not treat this draft as a consultation. Instead, we ask your assistance in forming the final language for the consultation.

For that end, we would like your input over the next couple of weeks about what questions the consultation should ask about partial and temporary Foundation office action bans and how it should be formatted. '''[[:m:Talk:Office_actions/Community_consultation_on_partial_and_temporary_office_actions/draft|Please post it on the draft talk page]]'''. Our goal is to provide space for the community to discuss all the aspects of these office actions that need to be discussed, and we want to ensure with your feedback that the consultation is presented in the best way to encourage frank and constructive conversation.

Please visit [[:m:Office_actions/Community_consultation_on_partial_and_temporary_office_actions/draft|the consultation draft on Meta-wiki]] and leave your comments on the draft’s talk page about what the consultation should look like and what questions it should ask. 

Thank you for your input! -- The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety|Trust &amp; Safety team]] 16 Aogositra 2019 à 08:03 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&amp;oldid=19175143 --&gt;

== New tools and IP masking ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Hey everyone,

The Wikimedia Foundation wants to work on two things that affect how we patrol changes and handle vandalism and harassment. We want to make the tools that are used to handle bad edits better. We also want to get better privacy for unregistered users so their IP addresses are no longer shown to everyone in the world. We would not hide IP addresses until we have better tools for patrolling.

We have an idea of what tools ''could'' be working better and how a more limited access to IP addresses would change things, but we need to hear from more wikis. You can read more about the project [[m:IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation|on Meta]] and [[m:Talk:IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation|post comments and feedback]]. Now is when we need to hear from you to be able to give you better tools to handle vandalism, spam and harassment.

You can post in your language if you can't write in English.
[[User:Johan (WMF)|Johan (WMF)]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; 21 Aogositra 2019 à 14:18 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Tools_and_IP_message/Distribution&amp;oldid=19315232 --&gt;

== The consultation on partial and temporary Foundation bans just started ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Hello, 

In a [[:en:Wikipedia:Community_response_to_the_Wikimedia_Foundation%27s_ban_of_Fram/Official_statements#Board_statement|recent statement]], the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees [[:en:Wikipedia:Community_response_to_the_Wikimedia_Foundation%27s_ban_of_Fram/Official_statements#Board_statement|requested that staff hold a consultation]] to &quot;re-evaluat[e] or add community input to the two new office action policy tools (temporary and partial Foundation bans)&quot;.

Accordingly, the Foundation's Trust &amp; Safety team invites all Wikimedians [[:m:Office actions/Community consultation on partial and temporary office actions/09 2019|to join this consultation and give their feedback]] from 30 September to 30 October. 

How can you help?

* Suggest how partial and temporary Foundation bans should be used, if they should (eg: On all projects, or only on a subset);

* Give ideas about how partial and temporary Foundation bans should ideally implemented, if they should be; and/or

* Propose changes to the existing Office Actions policy on partial and temporary bans.

We offer our thanks in advance for your contributions, and we hope to get as much input as possible from community members during this consultation!

&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;-- [[user:Kbrown (WMF)|Kbrown (WMF)]] 30 Septambra 2019 à 17:14 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=19302497 --&gt;

== Feedback wanted on Desktop Improvements project ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
{{Int:Please-translate}}

{{int:Hello}}. The Readers Web team at the WMF will work on some [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements|improvements to the desktop interface]] over the next couple of years. The goal is to increase usability without removing any functionality. We have been inspired by changes made by volunteers, but that currently only exist as local gadgets and user scripts, prototypes, and volunteer-led skins. We would like to begin the process of bringing some of these changes into the default experience on all Wikimedia projects. 

We are currently in the research stage of this project and are looking for ideas for improvements, as well as feedback on our current ideas and mockups.  So far, we have performed interviews with community members at Wikimania. We have gathered lists of previous volunteer and WMF work in this area. We are examining possible technical approaches for such changes.  

We would like individual feedback on the following:

* Identifying focus areas for the project we have not yet discovered
* Expanding the list of existing gadgets and user scripts that are related to providing a better desktop experience. If you can think of some of these from your wiki, please let us know
* Feedback on the ideas and mockups we have collected so far

We would also like to gather a list of wikis that would be interested in being test wikis for this project - these wikis would be the first to receive the updates once we’re ready to start building. 

When giving feedback, please consider the following goals of the project:

* Make it easier for readers to focus on the content
* Provide easier access to everyday actions (e.g. search, language switching, editing)
* Put things in logical and useful places
* Increase consistency in the interface with other platforms - mobile web and the apps
* Eliminate clutter
* Plan for future growth

As well as the following constraints:

* Not touching the content - no work will be done in terms of styling templates or to the structure of page contents themselves
* Not removing any functionality - things might move around, but all navigational items and other functionality currently available by default will remain
* No drastic changes to the layout - we're taking an evolutionary approach to the changes and want the site to continue feeling familiar to readers and editors

Please give all feedback (in any language) at [[mw:Talk:Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements|mw:Talk:Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements]] 

After this round of feedback, we plan on building a prototype of suggested changes based on the feedback we receive. You’ll hear from us again asking for feedback on this prototype.

{{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} [[mw:User:Quiddity (WMF)|Quiddity (WMF)]] ([[mw:User talk:Quiddity (WMF)|talk]])
&lt;/div&gt; 16 Oktobra 2019 à 07:18 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Quiddity_(WMF)/Global_message_delivery_split_4&amp;oldid=19462890 --&gt;

== Beta feature &quot;Reference Previews&quot; ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt; 
A new beta feature will soon be deployed to your wiki: [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/ReferencePreviews|Reference Previews]]. As you might guess from the name, this feature gives you a preview of references in the article text. That means, you can look up a reference without jumping down to the bottom of the page.

Reference Previews have already been a beta feature on German and Arabic Wikipedia since April. Now they will become available on more wikis. Deployment is planned for October 24. More information can be found [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/ReferencePreviews|on the project page]].

As always, feedback is highly appreciated. If you want to test Reference Previews, please activate the beta feature in your [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|user preferences]] and let us know what you think. The best place for feedback is the [[mw:Help talk:Reference Previews|central talk page]]. We hope the feature will serve you well in your work. Thank you from Wikimedia Deutschland's [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes|Technical Wishes project]].
&lt;/div&gt; -- [[User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|Johanna Strodt (WMDE)]] 23 Oktobra 2019 à 09:47 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Technical_Wishes_News_list_all_village_pumps&amp;oldid=19478814 --&gt;

== Movement Learning and Leadership Development Project ==

Hello

The Wikimedia Foundation’s Community Development team is seeking to learn more about the way volunteers learn and develop into the many different roles that exist in the movement. Our goal is to build a movement informed framework that provides shared clarity and outlines accessible pathways on how to grow and develop skills within the movement. To this end, we are looking to speak with you, our community to learn about your journey as a Wikimedia volunteer. Whether you joined yesterday or have been here from the very start, we want to hear about the many ways volunteers join and contribute to our movement.

To learn more about the project, [[:m:special:MyLanguage/Movement Learning and Leadership Development Project|please visit the Meta page]]. If you are interested in participating in the project, please complete [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSegM07N1FK_s0VUECM61AlWOthwdn5zQOlVsa2vaKcx13BwZg/viewform?usp=sf_link this simple Google form]. Although we may not be able to speak to everyone who expresses interest, we encourage you to complete this short form if you are interested in participating!

-- [[user:LMiranda (WMF)|LMiranda (WMF)]] ([[user talk:LMiranda (WMF)|talk]]) 22 Janoary 2020 à 19:01 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Trizek_(WMF)/sandbox/temp_MassMessage_list&amp;oldid=19738989 --&gt;

== Additional interface for edit conflicts on talk pages ==

''Sorry, for writing this text in English. If you could help to translate it, it would be appreciated.'' 

You might know the new interface for edit conflicts (currently a beta feature). Now, Wikimedia Germany is designing an additional interface to solve edit conflicts on talk pages. This interface is shown to you when you write on a discussion page and another person writes a discussion post in the same line and saves it before you do. With this additional editing conflict interface you can adjust the order of the comments and edit your comment.  We are inviting everyone to have a look at [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Edit Conflicts#Edit conflicts on talk pages|the planned feature]]. Let us know what you think on our [[mw:Help talk:Two Column Edit Conflict View|central feedback page]]! -- For the Technical Wishes Team: [[m:User:Max Klemm (WMDE)|Max Klemm (WMDE)]] 26 Febroary 2020 à 14:15 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Max Klemm (WMDE)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Technical_Wishes_News_list_all_village_pumps&amp;oldid=19845780 --&gt;

== Annual contest Wikipedia Pages Wanting Photos ==

[[File:WPWP logo 1.png|150px|right|Wikipedia Pages Wanting Photos (WPWP)]]
This is to invite you to join the Wikipedia Pages Wanting Photos (WPWP) campaign to help improve Wikipedia articles with photos and win prizes. The campaign starts today 1st July 2020 and closes 31st August 2020.

The campaign primarily aims at using images from Wikimedia Commons on Wikipedia articles that are lacking images. Participants will choose among Wikipedia pages without photo images, then add a suitable file from among the many thousands of photos in the Wikimedia Commons, especially those uploaded from thematic contests (Wiki Loves Africa, Wiki Loves Earth, Wiki Loves Folklore, etc.) over the years.

Please visit the '''[[m:Wikipedia Pages Wanting Photos|campaign page]]''' to learn more about the WPWP Campaign.

With kind regards,

Thank you,

Deborah Schwartz Jacobs, Communities Liaison, On behalf of the Wikipedia Pages Wanting Photos Organizing Team - 1 Jolay 2020 à 08:24 (UTC)

''feel free to translate this message to your local language when this helps your community''
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Romaine@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Romaine/MassMessage&amp;oldid=20232618 --&gt;

== Feedback on movement names ==

{{int:Hello}}. Apologies if you are not reading this message in your native language. {{int:please-translate}} if necessary. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}}

There are a lot of conversations happening about the future of our movement names. We hope that you are part of these discussions and that your community is represented.

Since 16 June, the Foundation Brand Team has been running a [https://wikimedia.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_9G2dN7P0T7gPqpD survey] in 7 languages about [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Communications/Wikimedia brands/2030 movement brand project/Naming convention proposals|3 naming options]]. There are also community members sharing concerns about renaming in a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community open letter on renaming|Community Open Letter]]. 

Our goal in this call for feedback is to hear from across the community, so we encourage you to participate in the survey, the open letter, or both. The survey will go through 7 July in all timezones. Input from the survey and discussions will be analyzed and published on Meta-Wiki.

Thanks for thinking about the future of the movement, --[[:m:Talk:Communications/Wikimedia brands/2030 movement brand project|The Brand Project team]], 2 Jolay 2020 à 19:42 (UTC)

''Note: The survey is conducted via a third-party service, which may subject it to additional terms. For more information on privacy and data-handling, see the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Naming Convention Proposals Movement Feedback Survey Privacy Statement|survey privacy statement]].''
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Elitre (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Elitre_(WMF)/All_wikis_June_2020&amp;oldid=20238830 --&gt;

== Announcing a new wiki project! Welcome, Abstract Wikipedia ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;

Hi all,

It is my honor to introduce Abstract Wikipedia, a new project that has been unanimously approved by the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees. Abstract Wikipedia proposes a new way to generate baseline encyclopedic content in a multilingual fashion, allowing more contributors and more readers to share more knowledge in more languages. It is an approach that aims to make cross-lingual cooperation easier on our projects, increase the sustainability of our movement through expanding access to participation, improve the user experience for readers of all languages, and innovate in free knowledge by connecting some of the strengths of our movement to create something new.

This is our first new project in over seven years. Abstract Wikipedia was submitted as a project proposal by Denny Vrandečić in May 2020 &lt;ref&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia|Abstract Wikipedia]]&lt;/ref&gt; after years of preparation and research, leading to a detailed plan and lively discussions in the Wikimedia communities. We know that the energy and the creativity of the community often runs up against language barriers, and information that is available in one language may not make it to other language Wikipedias. Abstract Wikipedia intends to look and feel like a Wikipedia, but build on the powerful, language-independent conceptual models of Wikidata, with the goal of letting volunteers create and maintain Wikipedia articles across our polyglot Wikimedia world.

The project will allow volunteers to assemble the fundamentals of an article using words and entities from Wikidata. Because Wikidata uses conceptual models that are meant to be universal across languages, it should be possible to use and extend these building blocks of knowledge to create models for articles that also have universal value. Using code, volunteers will be able to translate these abstract “articles” into their own languages. If successful, this could eventually allow everyone to read about any topic in Wikidata in their own language.

As you can imagine, this work will require a lot of software development, and a lot of cooperation among Wikimedians. In order to make this effort possible, Denny will join the Foundation as a staff member in July and lead this initiative. You may know Denny as the creator of Wikidata, a long-time community member, a former staff member at Wikimedia Deutschland, and a former Trustee at the Wikimedia Foundation &lt;ref&gt;[[m:User:Denny|User:Denny]]&lt;/ref&gt;. We are very excited that Denny will bring his skills and expertise to work on this project alongside the Foundation’s product, technology, and community liaison teams.

It is important to acknowledge that this is an experimental project, and that every Wikipedia community has different needs. This project may offer some communities great advantages. Other communities may engage less. Every language Wikipedia community will be free to choose and moderate whether or how they would use content from this project.

We are excited that this new wiki-project has the possibility to advance knowledge equity through increased access to knowledge. It also invites us to consider and engage with critical questions about how and by whom knowledge is constructed. We look forward to working in cooperation with the communities to think through these important questions.

There is much to do as we begin designing a plan for Abstract Wikipedia in close collaboration with our communities. I encourage you to get involved by going to the project page and joining the new mailing list &lt;ref&gt;[[mail:abstract-wikipedia|Abstract Wikipedia mailing list]]&lt;/ref&gt;. We recognize that Abstract Wikipedia is ambitious, but we also recognize its potential. We invite you all to join us on a new, unexplored path.

Yours,

Katherine Maher (Executive Director, Wikimedia Foundation) 

&lt;references/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt; &lt;small&gt;Sent by [[:m:User:Elitre (WMF)]] 9 Jolay 2020 à 20:06 (UTC) - '''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/July 2020 announcement]]''' &lt;/small&gt;
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Elitre (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Elitre_(WMF)/All_wikis_June_2020&amp;oldid=20265889 --&gt;

== The Universal Code of Conduct (UCoC): we want to hear from you. ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;

''{{int:Hello}}. Apologies that you may not be reading this message in your native language: translations of the following message may be available on [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Message to small and medium sized wikis|Meta]]. {{int:please-translate}}. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}}''&lt;br&gt;

At times, our contributor communities and projects have suffered from a lack of guidelines that can help us create an environment where free knowledge can be shared safely without fear. 
There has been talk about the need for a global set of conduct rules in different communities over time. 

Recently, the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees announced a [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Board_noticeboard/May_2020_-_Board_of_Trustees_on_Healthy_Community_Culture,_Inclusivity,_and_Safe_Spaces|Community Culture Statement]], asking for new standards to address harassment and promote inclusivity across projects.

The universal code of conduct will be a binding minimum set of standards across all Wikimedia projects, and will apply to all of us, staff and volunteers alike, all around the globe. It is of great importance that we all participate in expressing our opinions and thoughts about UCoC and its values. We should think about what we want it to cover or include and what it shouldn’t include, and how it may create difficulties or help our groups. 

This is the time to talk about it. Before starting drafting the code of conduct, we would like to hear from you and to solicit the opinions and feedback of your colleagues. 
In order for your voice to be heard, we encourage and invite you to read more about [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct|the universal code of conduct (UCoC)]] and then write down your opinions or feedback [[:m:Talk:Universal_Code_of_Conduct|on the discussion page]].  

To reduce language barriers during the process, you are welcome to translate [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-Universal+Code+of+Conduct&amp;language=en&amp;action=page&amp;filter= the universal code of conduct main page] from English into your respective local language. You and your community may choose to provide your opinions/feedback using your local languages. 

Thanks in advance for your attention and contributions, [[:m:Talk:Trust_and_Safety|The Trust and Safety team at Wikimedia Foundation]] 22 Jolay 2020 à 16:42 (UTC)

&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Elitre (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Message_to_small_and_medium_sized_wikis/List&amp;oldid=20303398 --&gt;

== Technical Wishes: FileExporter and FileImporter become default features on all Wikis ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
The [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Move_files_to_Commons|FileExporter and FileImporter]] will become a default features on all wikis until August 7, 2020. They are planned to help you to move files from your local wiki to Wikimedia Commons easier while keeping all original file information (Description, Source, Date, Author, View History) intact. Additionally, the move is documented in the files view history. 
How does it work? 

Step 1: If you are an auto-confirmed user, you will see a link &quot;Move file to Wikimedia Commons&quot; on the local file page. 

Step 2: When you click on this link, the FileImporter checks if the file can in fact be moved to Wikimedia Commons. These checks are performed based on the wiki's [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Move_files_to_Commons/Configuration_file_documentation|configuration file]] which is created and maintained by each local wiki community. 

Step 3: If the file is compatible with Wikimedia Commons, you will be taken to an import page, at which you can update or add information regarding the file, such as the description. You can also add the 'Now Commons' template to the file on the local wiki by clicking the corresponding check box in the import form. Admins can delete the file from the local wiki by enabling the corresponding checkbox. By clicking on the 'Import' button at the end of the page, the file is imported to Wikimedia Commons. 

If you want to know more about the [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Move_files_to_Commons|FileImporter extension]] or the [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes|Technical Wishes Project]], follow the links. --For the Technical Wishes Team: &lt;/div&gt;[[User:Max Klemm (WMDE)|Max Klemm (WMDE)]] 6 Aogositra 2020 à 09:13 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Max Klemm (WMDE)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Technical_Wishes_News_list_all_village_pumps&amp;oldid=20343133 --&gt;

== Important: maintenance operation on September 1st ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;

[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch 2020|Read this message in another language]]  •  [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch 2020|{{int:please-translate}}]]

The [[foundation:|Wikimedia Foundation]] will be testing its secondary data centre.  This will make sure that Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia wikis can stay online even after a disaster. To make sure everything is working, the Wikimedia Technology department needs to do a planned test. This test will show if they can reliably switch from one data centre to the other. It requires many teams to prepare for the test and to be available to fix any unexpected problems. 

They will switch all traffic to the secondary data centre on '''Tuesday, September 1st 2020'''.

Unfortunately, because of some limitations in [[mw:Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], all editing must stop while the switch is made.  We apologize for this disruption, and we are working to minimize it in the future. 

'''You will be able to read, but not edit, all wikis for a short period of time.'''

*You will not be able to edit for up to an hour on Tuesday, September 1st. The test will start at [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20200901T14 14:00 UTC] (15:00 BST, 16:00 CEST, 10:00 EDT, 19:30 IST, 07:00 PDT, 23:00 JST, and in New Zealand at 02:00 NZST on Wednesday September 2).
*If you try to edit or save during these times, you will see an error message.  We hope that no edits will be lost during these minutes, but we can't guarantee it.  If you see the error message, then please wait until everything is back to normal.  Then you should be able to save your edit.  But, we recommend that you make a copy of your changes first, just in case.

''Other effects'':

*Background jobs will be slower and some may be dropped. Red links might not be updated as quickly as normal. If you create an article that is already linked somewhere else, the link will stay red longer than usual. Some long-running scripts will have to be stopped.
*There will be code freezes for the week of September 1st, 2020.  Non-essential code deployments will not happen.

This project may be postponed if necessary.  You can [[wikitech:Switch Datacenter#Schedule for 2018 switch|read the schedule at wikitech.wikimedia.org]]. Any changes will be announced in the schedule.  There will be more notifications about this.  '''Please share this information with your community.''' 
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;span dir=ltr&gt;[[m:User:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Trizek (WMF)|talk]])&lt;/span&gt; 26 Aogositra 2020 à 13:48 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=20384955 --&gt;

== New Wikipedia Library Collections Now Available (September 2020) ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;


Hello Wikimedians! 
[[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|upright|The TWL owl says sign up today!]]
[[m:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] is announcing new free, full-access, accounts to reliable sources as part of our [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/ research access program]. You can sign up for new accounts and research materials on the [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/ Library Card platform]: 
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/101/ Al Manhal]''' – Arabic journals and ebooks
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/102/ Ancestry.com]''' – Genealogical and historical records
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/100/ RILM]''' – Music encyclopedias

Many other partnerships are listed on [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/ our partners page], including [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/49/ Adam Matthew], [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/57/ EBSCO], [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/55/ Gale] and [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/54/ JSTOR].

A significant portion of our collection now no longer requires individual applications to access! Read more in our [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2020/06/24/simplifying-your-research-needs-the-wikipedia-library-launches-new-technical-improvements-and-partnerships/ recent blog post].

Do better research and help expand the use of high quality references across Wikipedia projects!
&lt;br&gt;--[[w:en:Wikipedia:TWL/Coordinators|The Wikipedia Library Team]] 3 Septambra 2020 à 09:49 (UTC)

:&lt;small&gt;This message was delivered via the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/MassMessage#Global_message_delivery Global Mass Message] tool to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List].&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Samwalton9@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library&amp;oldid=20418180 --&gt;

== Invitation to participate in the conversation ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
''{{int:Hello}}. Apologies for cross-posting, and that you may not be reading this message in your native language: translations of the following announcement may be available on '''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Draft review/Invitation (long version)|Meta]]'''. {{int:please-translate}}. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}}''

We are excited to share '''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Draft review|a draft of the Universal Code of Conduct]]''', which the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees called for earlier this year, for your review and feedback. The discussion will be open until October 6, 2020.

The UCoC Drafting Committee wants to learn which parts of the draft would present challenges for you or your work. What is missing from this draft? What do you like, and what could be improved?

Please join the conversation and share this invitation with others who may be interested to join, too. 

To reduce language barriers during the process, you are welcomed to translate this message and the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Draft review|Universal Code of Conduct/Draft review]]. You and your community may choose to provide your opinions/feedback using your local languages.

To learn more about the UCoC project, see the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] page, and the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/FAQ|FAQ]], on Meta.

Thanks in advance for your attention and contributions, [[:m:Talk:Trust_and_Safety|The Trust and Safety team at Wikimedia Foundation]], 10 Septambra 2020 à 17:55 (UTC) &lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Elitre (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Draft_review/Invitation_(long_version)/List&amp;oldid=20440292 --&gt;

== Wiki of functions naming contest ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
{{int:Please-translate}}

{{int:Hello}}. Please help pick a name for the new Wikimedia wiki project. This project will be a wiki where the community can work together on a library of [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract_Wikipedia/Wiki_of_functions_naming_contest#function|functions]]. The community can create new functions, read about them, discuss them, and share them. Some of these functions will be used to help create language-independent Wikipedia articles that can be displayed in any language, as part of the Abstract Wikipedia project. But functions will also be usable in many other situations.

There will be two rounds of voting, each followed by legal review of candidates, with voting beginning on 29 September and 27 October. Our goal is to have a final project name selected on 8 December. If you would like to participate, then '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Wiki of functions naming contest|please learn more and vote now]]''' at meta-wiki. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} --[[m:User:Quiddity (WMF)|Quiddity (WMF)]]&lt;/div&gt; 29 Septambra 2020 à 21:22 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Quiddity_(WMF)/Global_message_delivery_split_5&amp;oldid=20492309 --&gt;

== Call for feedback about Wikimedia Foundation Bylaws changes and Board candidate rubric ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
{{int:Hello}}. Apologies if you are not reading this message in your native language. {{Int:Please-translate}}.

Today the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees starts two calls for feedback. One is about changes to the Bylaws mainly to increase the Board size from 10 to 16 members. The other one is about a trustee candidate rubric to introduce new, more effective ways to evaluate new Board candidates. The Board welcomes your comments through 26 October. For more details, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board noticeboard/October 2020 - Call for feedback about Bylaws changes and Board candidate rubric|check the full announcement]].

{{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} [[m:User:Qgil-WMF|Qgil-WMF]] ([[m:User talk:Qgil-WMF|talk]]) 7 Oktobra 2020 à 17:17 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Elitre (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Elitre_(WMF)/Board&amp;oldid=20519859 --&gt;

== Important: maintenance operation on October 27 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;

[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch 2020|Read this message in another language]]  •  [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-Tech%2FServer+switch+2020&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]

The [[foundation:|Wikimedia Foundation]] tests the switch between its first and secondary data centers.  This will make sure that Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia wikis can stay online even after a disaster. To make sure everything is working, the Wikimedia Technology department needs to do a planned test. This test will show if they can reliably switch from one data centre to the other. It requires many teams to prepare for the test and to be available to fix any unexpected problems. 

They will switch all traffic back to the primary data center on '''Tuesday, October 27 2020'''.

Unfortunately, because of some limitations in [[mw:Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], all editing must stop while the switch is made.  We apologize for this disruption, and we are working to minimize it in the future. 

'''You will be able to read, but not edit, all wikis for a short period of time.'''

*You will not be able to edit for up to an hour on Tuesday, October 27. The test will start at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1603807200 14:00 UTC] (14:00 WET, 15:00 CET, 10:00 EDT, 19:30 IST, 07:00 PDT, 23:00 JST, and in New Zealand at 03:00 NZDT on Wednesday October 28).
*If you try to edit or save during these times, you will see an error message.  We hope that no edits will be lost during these minutes, but we can't guarantee it.  If you see the error message, then please wait until everything is back to normal.  Then you should be able to save your edit.  But, we recommend that you make a copy of your changes first, just in case.

''Other effects'':

*Background jobs will be slower and some may be dropped. Red links might not be updated as quickly as normal. If you create an article that is already linked somewhere else, the link will stay red longer than usual. Some long-running scripts will have to be stopped.
*There will be code freezes for the week of October 26, 2020.  Non-essential code deployments will not happen.

This project may be postponed if necessary.  You can [[wikitech:Switch_Datacenter#Schedule_for_2020_switch|read the schedule at wikitech.wikimedia.org]]. Any changes will be announced in the schedule.  There will be more notifications about this. A banner will be displayed on all wikis 30 minutes before this operation happens. '''Please share this information with your community.'''&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; -- &lt;span dir=ltr&gt;[[m:User:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Trizek (WMF)|talk]])&lt;/span&gt;  21 Oktobra 2020 à 17:10 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=20519839 --&gt;

== Wiki of functions naming contest - Round 2 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
{{int:Hello}}.
Reminder: Please help to choose the name for the new Wikimedia wiki project - the library of functions. The finalist vote starts today. The finalists for the name are: &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Wikicode, Wikicodex, Wikifunctions, Wikifusion, Wikilambda, Wikimedia Functions&lt;/span&gt;. If you would like to participate, then '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Wiki of functions naming contest/Names|please learn more and vote now]]''' at Meta-wiki.
{{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} --[[m:User:Quiddity (WMF)|Quiddity (WMF)]]
&lt;/div&gt; 5 Novambra 2020 à 22:10 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=20564572 --&gt;

== La consultation des souhaits de la communauté pour 2021 ==

[[File:Magic Wand Icon 229981 Color Flipped.svg|thumb|48px]]
La '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2021|consultation des souhaits de la communauté pour 2021]]''' a débuté ! Cette consultation est le moment où les communautés décident de ce sur quoi l’équipe [[m:Community Tech|Technologies communautaires]] devrait travailler l’année suivante. Nous encourageons chacun à soumettre ses propositions jusqu’à la date limite le '''{{#time:j xg|2020-11-30|{{PAGELANGUAGE}}}}''', ou à commenter les propositions des autres pour les rendre meilleures. Les communautés voteront pour les propositions entre le {{#time:j xg|2020-12-08|{{PAGELANGUAGE}}}} et le {{#time:j xg|2020-12-21|{{PAGELANGUAGE}}}}.

L’équipe Technologies communautaires se concentre sur les outils pour les contributeurs expérimentés de Wikimédia. Vous pouvez écrire vos propositions dans n’importe quelle langue, nous les traduirons pour vous. Merci, nous avons hâte de les recevoir !

[[m:user:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] 20 Novambra 2020 à 05:02 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:SGrabarczuk_(WMF)/sandbox/MM/Francophones&amp;oldid=20689614 --&gt;

== Wikidata descriptions changes to be included more often in Recent Changes and Watchlist ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
''Sorry for sending this message in English. Translations are available on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Announcements/Announcement Wikidata descriptions in watchlist|this page]]. Feel free to translate it in more languages!''

As you may know, you can include changes coming from Wikidata in your Watchlist and Recent Changes ([[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-watchlist|in your preferences]]). Until now, this feature didn’t always include changes made on Wikidata descriptions due to the way Wikidata tracks the data used in a given article.

Starting on December 3rd, the Watchlist and Recent Changes will include changes on the descriptions of Wikidata Items that are used in the pages that you watch. This will only include descriptions in the language of your wiki to make sure that you’re only seeing changes that are relevant to your wiki.

This improvement was requested by many users from different projects. We hope that it can help you monitor the changes on Wikidata descriptions that affect your wiki and participate in the effort of improving the data quality on Wikidata for all Wikimedia wikis and beyond.

Note: if you didn’t use the Wikidata watchlist integration feature for a long time, feel free to give it another chance! The feature has been improved since the beginning and the content it displays is more precise and useful than at the beginning of the feature in 2015.

If you encounter any issue or want to provide feedback, feel free to use [[Phab:T191831|this Phabricator ticket]]. Thanks!

[[:d:User:Lea Lacroix (WMDE)|Lea Lacroix (WMDE)]] 30 Novambra 2020 à 14:39 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Lea Lacroix (WMDE)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Lea_Lacroix_(WMDE)/wikis&amp;oldid=20728482 --&gt;

== 2020 Coolest Tool Award Ceremony on December 11th ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
Hello all,

The ceremony of the 2020 [[m:Coolest_Tool_Award|Wikimedia Coolest Tool Award]] will take place virtually on Friday, December 11th, at 17:00 GMT. This award is highlighting tools that have been nominated by contributors to the Wikimedia projects, and the ceremony will be a nice moment to show appreciation to the tools developers and maybe discover new tools!

You will find more information [[m:Coolest_Tool_Award|here]] about the livestream and the discussions channels. Thanks for your attention, [[:d:User:Lea Lacroix (WMDE)|Lea Lacroix (WMDE)]] 7 Desambra 2020 à 10:55 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Lea Lacroix (WMDE)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=20734978 --&gt;

== Consultation des souhaits de la communauté pour 2021 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;fr&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
[[File:Magic Wand Icon 229981 Color Flipped.svg|thumb|48px]]
'''Nous invitons tous les utilisateurs enregistrés à voter à la [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2021|consultation des souhaits de la communauté pour 2021]]. Vous pouvez voter dès à présent et jusqu’au {{#time:j xg|2020-12-21|fr}} pour autant de souhaits différents que vous voulez.'''

Dans la consultation, nous collectons les envies de nouveaux outils ou d’amélioration d’outils existants pour les contributeurs expérimentés. Après le vote, nous ferons de notre mieux pour honorer vos désidératas. Nous commencerons par les plus populaires.

Nous, l’équipe [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Tech|Technologies communautaires]], sommes l'une des équipes de la [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation|Fondation Wikimedia]]. Nous créons et nous améliorons les outils de contribution et de modération du wiki. Les tâches sur lesquelles nous travaillons sont décidées en fonction des résultats de la consultation sur les souhaits des communautés. Une fois par an, vous pouvez soumettre vos souhaits. Après deux semaines, vous pouvez voter pour ceux qui vous intéressent le plus. Ensuite nous choisissons parmi les souhaits de l'enquête ceux sur lesquels nous allons travailler. Certains souhaits pourront être développés par des développeurs bénévoles ou par d'autres équipes.

Nous attendons vos votes. Merci !
&lt;/div&gt;
[[user:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]]

11 Desambra 2020 à 15:12 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:SGrabarczuk_(WMF)/sandbox/MM/Francophones&amp;oldid=20689614 --&gt;

== Moving Wikimania 2021 to a Virtual Event ==

&lt;div class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
[[File:Wikimania_logo_with_text_2.svg|right|alt=Wikimania's logo.|75px]]

''{{int:Hello}}. Apologies if you are not reading this message in your native language. {{Int:Please-translate}}. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}}''

[[:m:Wikimania 2021|Wikimania will be a virtual event this year]], and hosted by a wide group of community members. Whenever the next in-person large gathering is possible again, [[:m:ESEAP Hub|the ESEAP Core Organizing Team]] will be in charge of it. Stay tuned for more information about how ''you'' can get involved in the planning
process and other aspects of the event. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikimedia-l/2021-January/096141.html Please read the longer version of this announcement on wikimedia-l]. 

''ESEAP Core Organizing Team, Wikimania Steering Committee, Wikimedia Foundation Events Team'', 27 Janoary 2021 à 15:16 (UTC) 
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Elitre (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Elitre_(WMF)/Wikimania21&amp;oldid=21014617 --&gt;

== Project Grant Open Call ==

This is the announcement for the [[m:Grants:Project|Project Grants program]] open call that started on January 11, with the submission deadline of February 10, 2021.&lt;br&gt; This first open call will be focussed on Community Organizing proposals. A second open call focused on research and software proposals is scheduled from February 15 with a submission deadline of March 16, 2021.&lt;br&gt;

For the Round 1 open call, we invite you to propose grant applications that fall under community development and organizing (offline and online) categories. Project Grant funds are available to support individuals, groups, and organizations to implement new experiments and proven ideas, from organizing a better process on your wiki, coordinating a campaign or editathon series to providing other support for community building.  We offer the following resources to help you plan your project and complete a grant proposal:&lt;br&gt;

* Weekly proposals clinics via Zoom during the Open Call. Join us for [[m:Grants:Project|#Upcoming_Proposal_Clinics|real-time discussions]] with Program Officers and select thematic experts and get live feedback about your Project Grants proposal. We’ll answer questions and help you make your proposal better. We also offer these support pages to help you build your proposal:
* [[m:Grants:Project/Tutorial|Video tutorials]] for writing a strong application&lt;br&gt;
* General [[m:Grants:Project/Plan|planning page]] for Project Grants &lt;br&gt;
* [[m:Grants:Project/Learn|Program guidelines and criteria]]&lt;br&gt;

Program officers are also available to offer individualized proposal support upon request. Contact us if you would like feedback or more information.&lt;br&gt;

We are excited to see your grant ideas that will support our community and make an impact on the future of Wikimedia projects. Put your idea into motion, and [[m:Grants:Project/Apply|submit your proposal]] by February 10, 2021!&lt;br&gt;

Please feel free to get in touch with questions about getting started with your grant application, or about serving on the Project Grants Committee. Contact us at projectgrants{{at}}wikimedia.org. Please help us translate this message to your local language. [[Mpikambana:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Dinika amin'ny mpikambana:MediaWiki message delivery|resaka]]) 28 Janoary 2021 à 08:01 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:RSharma (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=20808431 --&gt;

== New Wikipedia Library Collections Available Now (February 2021) ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;

Hello Wikimedians! 
[[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|upright|The TWL owl says sign up today!]]
[[m:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] is announcing new free, full-access, accounts to reliable sources as part of our [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/ research access program]. You can sign up to access research materials on the [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/ Library Card platform]: 
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/103/ Taxmann]''' – Taxation and law database
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/104/ PNAS]''' – Official journal of the National Academy of Sciences
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/57/ EBSCO]''' – New Arabic and Spanish language databases added

We have a wide array of [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/ other collections available], and a significant number now no longer require individual applications to access! Read more in our [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2020/06/24/simplifying-your-research-needs-the-wikipedia-library-launches-new-technical-improvements-and-partnerships/ blog post].

Do better research and help expand the use of high quality references across Wikipedia projects!

:&lt;small&gt;This message was delivered via the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/MassMessage#Global_message_delivery Global Mass Message] tool to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List].&lt;/small&gt;
--1 Febroary 2021 à 12:57 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Samwalton9@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library&amp;oldid=21022367 --&gt;

== Feminism &amp; Folklore 1 February - 31 March ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;

{{int:please-translate}}

Greetings! 

You are invited to participate in '''[[m:Feminism and Folklore 2021|Feminism and Folklore]] writing contest'''. This year Feminism and Folklore will focus on feminism, women's biographies and gender-focused topics for the project in league with Wiki Loves Folklore gender gap focus with folk culture theme on Wikipedia. folk activities, folk games, folk cuisine, folk wear, fairy tales, folk plays, folk arts, folk religion, mythology, etc.

You can help us in enriching the folklore documentation on Wikipedia from your region by creating or improving articles centered on folklore around the world, including, but not limited to folk festivals, folk dances, folk music, women and queer personalities in folklore, folk culture (folk artists, folk dancers, folk singers, folk musicians, folk game athletes, women in mythology, women warriors in folklore, witches and witch-hunting, fairy tales and more. You can contribute to new articles or translate from the list of [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2021/List of Articles|suggested articles here]]. 

You can also support us in translating the [[m:Feminism and Folklore 2021|project page]] and help us spread the word in your native language. 

Learn more about the contest and prizes from our [[m:Feminism and Folklore 2021|project page]]. Thank you. 

Feminism and Folklore team,

[[m:User:Joy Agyepong|Joy Agyepong]] ([[m:User talk:Joy Agyepong|talk]]) 16 Febroary 2021 à 02:40 (UTC)

&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Tiven2240@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery/Wikipedia&amp;oldid=20421065 --&gt;

== Wikifunctions logo contest ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;mg&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
{{Int:Hello}}. Ampianaro izahay hisafidy hevitra forona ho an’ny logo an’ny wiki Wikifungsi vaovao. Manomboka anio ny fifidianana ary hisokatra mandritra ny 2 herinandro. Raha te handray anjara ianao, dia '''[[vote$|azafady mba ianaro bebe kokoa ary fidio izao]]''' ao amin’ny Meta-Wiki. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} --[[m:User:Quiddity (WMF)|Quiddity (WMF)]]&lt;/div&gt; 2 Martsa 2021 à 01:47 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=21087740 --&gt;

== Universal Code of Conduct – 2021 consultations ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
=== Universal Code of Conduct Phase 2 ===

{{int:please-translate}}

The [[:wmf:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct|'''Universal Code of Conduct (UCoC)''']] provides a universal baseline of acceptable behavior for the entire Wikimedia movement and all its projects. The project is currently in Phase 2, outlining clear enforcement pathways. You can read more about the whole project on its [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct|'''project page''']].

==== Drafting Committee: Call for applications ====

The Wikimedia Foundation is recruiting volunteers to join a committee to draft how to make the code enforceable. Volunteers on the committee will commit between 2 and 6 hours per week from late April through July and again in October and November. It is important that the committee be diverse and inclusive, and have a range of experiences, including both experienced users and newcomers, and those who have received or responded to, as well as those who have been falsely accused of harassment.

To apply and learn more about the process, see [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Drafting committee|Universal Code of Conduct/Drafting committee]].

==== 2021 community consultations: Notice and call for volunteers / translators ====

From 5 April – 5 May 2021 there will be conversations on many Wikimedia projects about how to enforce the UCoC. We are looking for volunteers to translate key material, as well as to help host consultations on their own languages or projects using suggested [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/2021 consultations/Discussion|key questions]]. If you are interested in volunteering for either of these roles, please [[:m:Talk:Universal Code of Conduct/2021 consultations|contact us]] in whatever language you are most comfortable.

To learn more about this work and other conversations taking place, see [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/2021 consultations|Universal Code of Conduct/2021 consultations]].

-- [[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Xeno (WMF)|talk]]) 5 Aprily 2021 à 22:00 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:MNadzikiewicz (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:MNadzikiewicz_(WMF)/Without_Russian,_Polish_and_translated/4&amp;oldid=21302199 --&gt;

== Line numbering coming soon to all wikis ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;  

[[File:Technical_Wishes_–_Line_numbering_-_2010_wikitext_editor.png|thumb|Example]]
From April 15, you can enable line numbering in some wikitext editors - for now in the template namespace, coming to more namespaces soon. This will make it easier to detect line breaks and to refer to a particular line in discussions. These numbers will be shown if you enable the syntax highlighting feature ([[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror extension]]), which is supported in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:WikiEditor|2010]] and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/2017 wikitext editor|2017]] wikitext editors. 

More information can be found on [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Line Numbering|this project page]]. Everyone is invited to test the feature, and to give feedback [[m:talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Line Numbering|on this talk page]].
&lt;/div&gt; -- [[m:User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|Johanna Strodt (WMDE)]] 12 Aprily 2021 à 15:09 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Technical_Wishes_News_list_all_village_pumps&amp;oldid=21329014 --&gt;

== Suggested Values ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;  

From April 29, it will be possible to suggest values for parameters in templates. Suggested values can be added to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:TemplateData|TemplateData]] and will then be shown as a drop-down list in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User guide|VisualEditor]]. This allows template users to quickly select an appropriate value. This way, it prevents potential errors and reduces the effort needed to fill the template with values. It will still be possible to fill in values other than the suggested ones.

More information, including the supported parameter types and how to create suggested values: [[mw:Help:TemplateData#suggestedvalues|[1]]] [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Suggested_values_for_template_parameters|[2]]]. Everyone is invited to test the feature, and to give feedback [[m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Suggested values for template parameters|on this talk page]].

&lt;/div&gt; [[m:User:Timur Vorkul (WMDE)|Timur Vorkul (WMDE)]] 22 Aprily 2021 à 14:08 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Timur Vorkul (WMDE)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Technical_Wishes_News_list_all_village_pumps&amp;oldid=21361904 --&gt;

== Universal Code of Conduct News – Issue 1 ==

&lt;div style = &quot;line-height: 1.2&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:200%;&quot;&gt;'''Universal Code of Conduct News'''&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:120%; color:#404040;&quot;&gt;'''Issue 1, June 2021'''&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:120%; float:right;&quot;&gt;[[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Newsletter/1|Read the full newsletter]]&lt;/span&gt;
----
Welcome to the first issue of [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct News]]! This newsletter will help Wikimedians stay involved with the development of the new code, and will distribute relevant news, research, and upcoming events related to the UCoC.

Please note, this is the first issue of UCoC Newsletter which is delivered to all subscribers and projects as an announcement of the initiative. If you want the future issues delivered to your talk page, village pumps, or any specific pages you find appropriate, you need to [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/UCoC Newsletter Subscription|subscribe here]].

You can help us by translating the newsletter issues in your languages to spread the news and create awareness of the new conduct to keep our beloved community safe for all of us. Please [[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Newsletter/Participate|add your name here]] if you want to be informed of the draft issue to translate beforehand. Your participation is valued and appreciated.
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:3px; padding:10px 10px 10px 20px; background:#fffff; border:2px solid #808080; border-radius:4px; font-size:100%;&quot;&gt;
* '''Affiliate consultations''' – Wikimedia affiliates of all sizes and types were invited to participate in the UCoC affiliate consultation throughout March and April 2021. ([[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Newsletter/1#sec1|continue reading]])
* '''2021 key consultations''' – The Wikimedia Foundation held enforcement key questions consultations in April and May 2021 to request input about UCoC enforcement from the broader Wikimedia community. ([[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Newsletter/1#sec2|continue reading]])
* '''Roundtable discussions''' – The UCoC facilitation team hosted two 90-minute-long public roundtable discussions in May 2021 to discuss UCoC key enforcement questions. More conversations are scheduled. ([[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Newsletter/1#sec3|continue reading]])
* '''Phase 2 drafting committee''' – The drafting committee for the phase 2 of the UCoC started their work on 12 May 2021. Read more about their work. ([[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Newsletter/1#sec4|continue reading]])
* '''Diff blogs''' – The UCoC facilitators wrote several blog posts based on interesting findings and insights from each community during local project consultation that took place in the 1st quarter of 2021. ([[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Newsletter/1#sec5|continue reading]])&lt;/div&gt;
--[[Mpikambana:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Dinika amin'ny mpikambana:MediaWiki message delivery|resaka]]) 11 Jiona 2021 à 23:05 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:SOyeyele (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:SOyeyele_(WMF)/Announcements/Other_languages&amp;oldid=21578291 --&gt;

== Server switch ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;

[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch 2020|Read this message in another language]]  •  [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-Tech%2FServer+switch+2020&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]

The [[foundation:|Wikimedia Foundation]] tests the switch between its first and secondary data centers.  This will make sure that Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia wikis can stay online even after a disaster. To make sure everything is working, the Wikimedia Technology department needs to do a planned test. This test will show if they can reliably switch from one data centre to the other. It requires many teams to prepare for the test and to be available to fix any unexpected problems. &lt;!--

 They will switch all traffic back to the primary data center on '''Tuesday, October 27 2020'''. --&gt;

Unfortunately, because of some limitations in [[mw:Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], all editing must stop while the switch is made.  We apologize for this disruption, and we are working to minimize it in the future. 

'''You will be able to read, but not edit, all wikis for a short period of time.'''

*You will not be able to edit for up to an hour on Tuesday, 29 June 2021. The test will start at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1624975200 14:00 UTC] (07:00 PDT, 10:00 EDT, 15:00 WEST/BST, 16:00 CEST, 19:30 IST,  23:00 JST, and in New Zealand at 02:00 NZST on Wednesday 30 June).
*If you try to edit or save during these times, you will see an error message.  We hope that no edits will be lost during these minutes, but we can't guarantee it.  If you see the error message, then please wait until everything is back to normal.  Then you should be able to save your edit.  But, we recommend that you make a copy of your changes first, just in case.

''Other effects'':

*Background jobs will be slower and some may be dropped. Red links might not be updated as quickly as normal. If you create an article that is already linked somewhere else, the link will stay red longer than usual. Some long-running scripts will have to be stopped.
*There will be code freezes for the week of June 28.  Non-essential code deployments will not happen.

This project may be postponed if necessary.  You can [[wikitech:Switch_Datacenter#Schedule_for_2021_switch|read the schedule at wikitech.wikimedia.org]]. Any changes will be announced in the schedule.  There will be more notifications about this. A banner will be displayed on all wikis 30 minutes before this operation happens. '''Please share this information with your community.'''&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; [[user:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] 27 Jiona 2021 à 01:19 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste à https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=21463754 --&gt;

== New Wikipedia Library collections and design update (August 2021) ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;

Hello Wikimedians! 
[[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|upright|The TWL OWL says log in today!]]
[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/users/my_library/ The Wikipedia Library] is pleased to announce the addition of new collections, alongside a new interface design. New collections include:
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/107/ Cabells]''' – Scholarly and predatory journal database
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/108/ Taaghche]''' -  Persian language e-books
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/112/ Merkur]''', '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/111/ Musik &amp; Ästhetik]''', and '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/110/ Psychologie, Psychotherapie, Psychoanalyse]''' - German language magazines and journals published by Klett-Cotta
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/117/ Art Archiv]''', '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/113/ Capital]''', '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/115/ Geo]''', '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/116/ Geo Epoche]''', and '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/114/ Stern]''' - German language newspapers and magazines published by Gruner + Jahr

Additionally, '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/105/ De Gruyter]''' and '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/106/ Nomos]''' have been centralised from their previous on-wiki signup location on the German Wikipedia. Many other collections are freely available by simply logging in to [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/ The Wikipedia Library] with your Wikimedia login!

We are also excited to announce that the first version of a new design for My Library was deployed this week. We will be iterating on this design with more features over the coming weeks. Read more on the [[:m:Library Card platform/Design improvements|project page on Meta]].

Lastly, an Echo notification will begin rolling out soon to notify eligible editors about the library ([[Phab:T132084|T132084]]). If you can translate the notification please do so [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=ext-thewikipedialibrary at TranslateWiki]!

--The Wikipedia Library Team 11 Aogositra 2021 à 13:23 (UTC)

:&lt;small&gt;This message was delivered via the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/MassMessage#Global_message_delivery Global Mass Message] tool to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List].&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Samwalton9@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library&amp;oldid=21851699 --&gt;

== Universal Code of Conduct - Enforcement draft guidelines review ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;fr&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;content&quot;/&gt;Le [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Drafting_committee#Phase_2|Comité de rédaction du Code de Conduite Universel Phase 2]] souhaite recevoir des observations sur le '''[[:m:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement draft guidelines review|projet de directives d'application]]''' du [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct|Code de Conduite Universel]](UCoC). (UCoC). Cette revue est prévue du 17 août 2021 au 17 octobre 2021.

Ces directives ne sont pas définitives mais vous pouvez contribuer à faire avancer les choses. Le comité révisera les lignes directrices en fonction des commentaires de la communauté.

Les commentaires peuvent être partagés dans toutes les langues sur la [[m:Talk:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement draft guidelines review|page de discussion]] et à [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Discussions|bien d'autres endroits]]. Les membres de la communauté sont encouragés à organiser des conversations dans leurs communautés.

Des discussions en direct sont prévues sur le projet de directives d'application du CCU : 

:[[wmania:2021:Submissions/Universal_Code_of_Conduct_Roundtable|Session Wikimania 2021]] - 16 Août @ 11:00 UTC - 11:45 UTC
:[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/2021_consultations/Roundtable_discussions#Conversation hours|Temps d'échange]] - 24 Août, 31 Août, 7 Septembre @ 03:00 UTC &amp; 14:00 UTC
:[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/2021_consultations/Roundtable_discussions|Tables rondes]] - 18 Septembre @ 03:00 UTC &amp; 15:00 UTC

Des résumés des discussions seront publiés toutes les deux semaines [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Drafting committee/Digests|ici]].

N'hésitez pas à me contacter si vous avez des questions.&lt;section end=&quot;content&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] 17 Aogositra 2021 à 23:19 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Xeno (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Xeno_(WMF)/Delivery/Wikipedia&amp;oldid=21895766 --&gt;

== Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees election has come to an end ==

Thank you for participating in the [[:meta:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2021|2021 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees election]]! Voting closed August 31 at 23:59. The official data, including the four most voted candidates, will be announced as soon as the [[:meta:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections_committee|Elections Committee]] completes their review of the ballots. The official announcement of the new trustees appointed will happen later, once the selected candidates have been confirmed by the Board.

6,946 community members from 216 wiki projects have voted. This makes 10.2% global participation, 1.1% higher than in the last Board elections. In 2017, 5167 people from 202 wiki projects cast their vote. A full analysis is planned to be published in a few days when the confirmed results are announced. In the meantime, you can check the [[:meta:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2021/Stats|data produced during the election]].

Diversity was an important goal with these elections. Messages about the Board election were translated into 61 languages. This outreach worked well. There were 70 communities with eligible voters voting in this election for the first time. With your help, next year’s Board of Trustees election will be even better.

2 Septambra 2021 à 10:03 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:MNadzikiewicz (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Xeno_(WMF)/Delivery/Wikipedia&amp;oldid=21895840 --&gt;

== The 2022 Community Wishlist Survey will happen in January ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
Hello everyone,

We hope all of you are as well and safe as possible during these trying times! We wanted to share some news about a change to the Community Wishlist Survey 2022. We would like to hear your opinions as well.

Summary:

&lt;div style=&quot;font-style:italic;&quot;&gt;
We will be running the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey|Community Wishlist Survey]] 2022 in January 2022. We need more time to work on the 2021 wishes. We also need time to prepare some changes to the Wishlist 2022. In the meantime, you can use a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey/Sandbox|dedicated sandbox to leave early ideas for the 2022 wishes]].
&lt;/div&gt;

=== Proposing and wish-fulfillment will happen during the same year ===

In the past, the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Tech|Community Tech]] team has run the Community Wishlist Survey for the following year in November of the prior year. For example, we ran the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2021|Wishlist for 2021]] in November 2020. That worked well a few years ago. At that time, we used to start working on the Wishlist soon after the results of the voting were published.

However, in 2021, there was a delay between the voting and the time when we could start working on the new wishes. Until July 2021, we were working on wishes from the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2020|Wishlist for 2020]].

We hope having the Wishlist 2022 in January 2022 will be more intuitive. This will also give us time to fulfill more wishes from the 2021 Wishlist.

=== Encouraging wider participation from historically excluded communities ===

We are thinking how to make the Wishlist easier to participate in. We want to support more translations, and encourage under-resourced communities to be more active. We would like to have some time to make these changes.

=== A new space to talk to us about priorities and wishes not granted yet ===

We will have gone 365 days without a Wishlist. We encourage you to approach us. We hope to hear from you in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Talk:Community Wishlist Survey|talk page]], but we also hope to see you at our bi-monthly Talk to Us meetings! These will be hosted at two different times friendly to time zones around the globe.

We will begin our first meeting '''September 15th at 23:00 UTC'''. More details about the agenda and format coming soon!

=== Brainstorm and draft proposals before the proposal phase ===

If you have early ideas for wishes, you can use the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey/Sandbox|new Community Wishlist Survey sandbox]]. This way, you will not forget about these before January 2022. You will be able to come back and refine your ideas. Remember, edits in the sandbox don't count as wishes!

=== Feedback ===
* What should we do to improve the Wishlist pages?
* How would you like to use our new [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey/Sandbox|sandbox?]]
* What, if any, risks do you foresee in our decision to change the date of the Wishlist 2022?
* What will help more people participate in the Wishlist 2022?

Answer on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Talk:Community Wishlist Survey|talk page]] (in any language you prefer) or at our Talk to Us meetings.
&lt;/div&gt;

[[user:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] ([[user talk:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|talk]]) 7 Septambra 2021 à 00:23 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=21980442 --&gt;

== Call for Candidates for the Movement Charter Drafting Committee ending 14 September 2021 ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;fr&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot;/&gt;L'équipe de la Stratégie du Mouvement annonce [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee|l'appel à candidatures pour le Comité de rédaction de la Charte du Mouvement]]. L'appel s'ouvre le 2 août 2021 et se termine le 14 septembre 2021.

Le Comité est censé représenter [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee/Diversity_and_Expertise_Matrices|diversité dans le Mouvement]]. La diversité comprend le genre, la langue, la géographie et l'expérience. Cela comprend la participation aux projets, aux affiliés et la Fondation Wikimedia.

Il n'est pas nécessaire de maîtriser l'anglais pour devenir membre. Si besoin, une aide à la traduction et à l'interprétation est fournie. Les membres recevront une allocation pour compenser les coûts de participation. Elle est de 100 dollars américains tous les deux mois.

Nous recherchons des personnes qui possèdent certaines des [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee#Role_Requirements|compétences]] suivantes:

* Savoir rédiger en collaboration. (une expérience confirmée est un plus) 
* Être prêts à trouver des compromis. 
* Se concentrer sur l'inclusion et la diversité. 
* Avoir une connaissance des consultations communautaires. 
* Avoir une expérience de la communication interculturelle. 
* Avoir une expérience de la gouvernance ou de l'organisation dans des organismes à but non lucratif ou des communautés. 
* Avoir une expérience de la négociation avec différentes parties. 

Le comité devrait commencer avec 15 personnes. S'il y a 20 candidats ou plus, un processus mixte d'élection et de sélection aura lieu. S'il y a 19 candidats ou moins, alors le processus de sélection sans élection a lieu.

Voulez-vous aider à faire avancer Wikimedia dans ce rôle important ? Soumettez votre candidature [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee#Candidate_State|ici]]. Veuillez contacter strategy2030[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org pour toute question.&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] 10 Septambra 2021 à 17:01 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Xeno (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Xeno_(WMF)/Delivery/Wikipedia&amp;oldid=22002240 --&gt;

== Server switch ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;

[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|Read this message in another language]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-Tech%2FServer+switch&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]

The [[foundation:|Wikimedia Foundation]] tests the switch between its first and secondary data centers. This will make sure that Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia wikis can stay online even after a disaster. To make sure everything is working, the Wikimedia Technology department needs to do a planned test. This test will show if they can reliably switch from one data centre to the other. It requires many teams to prepare for the test and to be available to fix any unexpected problems. 

They will switch all traffic back to the primary data center on '''Tuesday, 14 September 2021'''.

Unfortunately, because of some limitations in [[mw:Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], all editing must stop while the switch is made. We apologize for this disruption, and we are working to minimize it in the future. 

'''You will be able to read, but not edit, all wikis for a short period of time.'''

*You will not be able to edit for up to an hour on Tuesday, 14 September 2021. The test will start at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1631628049 14:00 UTC] (07:00 PDT, 10:00 EDT, 15:00 WEST/BST, 16:00 CEST, 19:30 IST, 23:00 JST, and in New Zealand at 02:00 NZST on Wednesday, 15 September).
*If you try to edit or save during these times, you will see an error message. We hope that no edits will be lost during these minutes, but we can't guarantee it. If you see the error message, then please wait until everything is back to normal. Then you should be able to save your edit. But, we recommend that you make a copy of your changes first, just in case.

''Other effects'':

*Background jobs will be slower and some may be dropped. Red links might not be updated as quickly as normal. If you create an article that is already linked somewhere else, the link will stay red longer than usual. Some long-running scripts will have to be stopped.
* We expect the code deployments to happen as any other week. However, some case-by-case code freezes could punctually happen if the operation require them afterwards.

This project may be postponed if necessary.  You can [[wikitech:Switch_Datacenter|read the schedule at wikitech.wikimedia.org]]. Any changes will be announced in the schedule. There will be more notifications about this. A banner will be displayed on all wikis 30 minutes before this operation happens. '''Please share this information with your community.'''&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; [[user:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] ([[user talk:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|&lt;span class=&quot;signature-talk&quot;&gt;{{int:Talkpagelinktext}}&lt;/span&gt;]]) 11 Septambra 2021 à 00:45 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=21980442 --&gt;

== Talk to the Community Tech ==

[[File:Magic Wand Icon 229981 Color Flipped.svg|{{dir|{{pagelang}}|left|right}}|frameless|50px]]

[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey/Updates/2021-09 Talk to Us|Read this message in another language]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-Community_Wishlist_Survey/Updates/2021-09_Talk_to_Us&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]

Hello!

As we have [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey/Updates|recently announced]], we, the team working on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey|Community Wishlist Survey]], would like to invite you to an online meeting with us. It will take place on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20210915T2300 '''September 15th, 23:00 UTC'''] on Zoom, and will last an hour. [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/j/89828615390 '''Click here to join'''].

'''Agenda'''

* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2021/Status report 1#Prioritization Process|How we prioritize the wishes to be granted]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey/Updates|Why we decided to change the date]] from November 2021 to January 2022
* Update on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2021/Warn when linking to disambiguation pages|disambiguation]] and the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2021/Real Time Preview for Wikitext|real-time preview]] wishes
* Questions and answers

'''Format'''

The meeting will not be recorded or streamed. Notes without attribution will be taken and published on Meta-Wiki. The presentation (first three points in the agenda) will be given in English.

We can answer questions asked in English, French, Polish, and Spanish. If you would like to ask questions in advance, add them [[m:Talk:Community Wishlist Survey|on the Community Wishlist Survey talk page]] or send to sgrabarczuk@wikimedia.org.

[[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:NRodriguez (WMF)|Natalia Rodriguez]] (the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Tech|Community Tech]] manager) will be hosting this meeting.

'''Invitation link'''

* [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/j/89828615390 Join online]
* Meeting ID: 898 2861 5390
* One tap mobile
** +16465588656,,89828615390# US (New York)
** +16699006833,,89828615390# US (San Jose)
* [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/u/kctR45AI8o Dial by your location]

See you! [[User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] ([[User talk:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|&lt;span class=&quot;signature-talk&quot;&gt;{{int:Talkpagelinktext}}&lt;/span&gt;]]) 11 Septambra 2021 à 03:03 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=21980442 --&gt;

== Le vote pour l'élection des membres du comité de rédaction de la Charte du Mouvement est désormais ouvert ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;fr&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot;/&gt;
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/MCDC Voter Email short 12-10-2021|{{int:otherlanguages}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/MCDC Voter Email short 12-10-2021}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''
Le vote pour l'élection des membres du comité de rédaction de la Charte du Mouvement est désormais ouvert. Au total, 70 Wikimédien.ne.s du monde entier briguent 7 sièges lors de ces élections.

'''Le vote est ouvert du 12 au 24 octobre 2021 (partout dans le monde).'''

Le comité sera composé de 15 membres au total : les communautés en ligne votent pour 7 membres, 6 membres seront sélectionnés par les affiliés Wikimedia via un processus parallèle et 2 membres seront nommés par la Fondation Wikimedia. L'objectif est de réunir le comité d'ici le 1er novembre 2021.

Renseignez-vous sur chaque candidat.e pour éclairer votre vote dans la langue de votre choix : &lt;https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee/Candidates&gt;

En savoir plus sur le comité de rédaction : &lt;https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee&gt;

Nous testons une application d'opinion de vote pour cette élection. Allez voir dans l'outil et vous verrez quel.le candidat.e se rapproche le plus de vous! Vérifiez sur &lt;https://mcdc-election-compass.toolforge.org/&gt;

Lire l'annonce complète : &lt;https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee/Elections&gt;

'''Allez voter via SecurePoll sur :''' &lt;https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee/Elections&gt;

Bien à vous,

l'équipe Stratégie et Gouvernance du mouvement, Wikimedia Foundation
&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] 14 Oktobra 2021 à 02:22 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Xeno (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Xeno_(WMF)/Delivery/fr&amp;oldid=22176746 --&gt;

== Discutez avec l’équipe Technologies communautaires ==

[[File:Magic Wand Icon 229981 Color Flipped.svg|100px|right]]
Bonjour !

Nous, l’équipe travaillant sur la [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey|consultation des souhaits de la communauté]] (CSC), aimerions vous inviter à une réunion en ligne avec nous. Celle-ci aura lieu le [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20211027T1430 '''{{#time:j xg|2021-10-27}} ({{#time:l|2021-10-27}}) à {{#time:H:i e|14:30|fr|1}}'''] sur Zoom et durera une heure. [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/j/83847343544 '''Participer'''].

'''Ordre du jour'''

* Devenez un ambassadeur de la consultation des souhaits de la communauté (CSC). Aidez-nous à faire parler de la CSC dans votre communauté.
* Nouvelles informations pour les souhaits [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2021/Warn when linking to disambiguation pages|Homonymie]] et [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2021/Real Time Preview for Wikitext|Aperçu en temps réel]]
* Questions et réponses

'''Format'''

La rencontre ne sera pas enregistrée ni diffusée en flux. Des notes anonymes seront prises et publiées sur Meta-Wiki. La présentation (tous les points à l’ordre du jour à l’exception des questions et réponses) sera donnée en anglais.

Nous pouvons répondre aux questions posées en '''français''', anglais, polonais, espagnol, allemand et italien. Si vous voulez poser une question en avance, vous pouvez l’écrire [[m:Talk:Community Wishlist Survey|sur la page de discussion de la consultation des souhaits de la communauté]] ou l’envoyer à sgrabarczuk@wikimedia.org.

Cette réunion sera animée par [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:NRodriguez (WMF)|Natalia Rodriguez]] (la chef de l’équipe [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Tech|Technologies communautaires]]).

'''Lien d'invitation'''

* [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/j/83847343544 S'inscrire en ligne]
* ID de la réunion : &lt;span dir=ltr&gt;83847343544&lt;/span&gt;
* [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/u/kwDbq4box Numéros de téléphone locaux]
Nous espérons vous voir ! [[User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] ([[User talk:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|talk]]) 22 Oktobra 2021 à 23:13 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:SGrabarczuk_(WMF)/sandbox/MM/Francophones&amp;oldid=20689614 --&gt;

== Voici les nouveaux membres du Comité de rédaction de la Charte du Mouvement ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;fr&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot;/&gt;
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Elections/Results/Announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Elections/Results/Announcement}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''
Les processus d'élection et de sélection du Comité de rédaction de la Charte du Mouvement sont terminés.
* Les [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Elections/Results|résultats des élections ont été publiés]]. 1018 personnes ont voté pour élire sept membres du comité: '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Candidates#Richard_Knipel_(Pharos)|Richard Knipel (Pharos)]]''', '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Candidates#Anne_Clin_(Risker)|Anne Clin (Risker)]]''', '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Candidates#Alice_Wiegand_(lyzzy)|Alice Wiegand (Lyzzy)]]''', '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Candidates#Micha%C5%82_Buczy%C5%84ski_(Aegis_Maelstrom)|Michał Buczyński (Aegis Maelstrom)]]''', '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Candidates#Richard_(Nosebagbear)|Richard (Nosebagbear)]]''', '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Candidates#Ravan_J_Al-Taie_(Ravan)|Ravan J Al-Taie (Ravan)]]''' et '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Candidates#Ciell_(Ciell)|Ciell (Ciell)]]'''.
* Le  [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee/Candidates#Affiliate-chosen_members|processus des affiliés]] a sélectionné six membres : '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Candidates#Anass_Sedrati_(Anass_Sedrati)|Anass Sedrati (Anass Sedrati)]]''', '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Candidates#%C3%89rica_Azzellini_(EricaAzzellini)|Érica Azzellini (EricaAzzellini)]]''', '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Candidates#Jamie_Li-Yun_Lin_(Li-Yun_Lin)|Jamie Li-Yun Lin (Li-Yun Lin)]]''', '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Candidates#Georges_Fodouop_(Geugeor)|Georges Fodouop (Geugeor)]]''', '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Candidates#Manavpreet_Kaur_(Manavpreet_Kaur)|Manavpreet Kaur (Manavpreet Kaur)]]''' et '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Candidates#Pepe_Flores_(Padaguan)|Pepe Flores (Padaguan)]]'''.
* La Wikimedia Foundation a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee/Candidates#Wikimedia_Foundation-chosen_members|nommé]] deux membres : '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee/Candidates#Runa_Bhattacharjee_(Runab_WMF)|Runa Bhattacharjee (Runab WMF)]]''' et '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee/Candidates#Jorge_Vargas_(JVargas_(WMF))|Jorge Vargas (JVargas (WMF))]]'''.

Le comité se réunira bientôt pour commencer ses travaux. Le comité peut nommer jusqu'à trois membres supplémentaires pour combler les lacunes en matière de diversité et d'expertise.

Si vous souhaitez participer au processus de rédaction de la [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter|Charte  du mouvement]], suivez les nouvelles [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee|sur Meta]] et rejoignez le [https://t.me/joinchat/U-4hhWtndBjhzmSf groupe Telegram].

Avec les remerciements de l'équipe Stratégie et gouvernance du Mouvement&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:MPossoupe (WMF)|MPossoupe (WMF)]] 1 Novambra 2021 à 23:43 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Xeno (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Xeno_(WMF)/Delivery/fr&amp;oldid=22285587 --&gt;

== Le futur de la Consultation des souhaits de la communauté ==

[[File:Magic Wand Icon 229981 Color Flipped.svg|100px|right]]
[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey/Updates/Talk to Us|Lire ce message dans une autre langue]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-Community_Wishlist_Survey/Updates/Talk_to_Us&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]

{{int:Hello}}

Nous, l’équipe travaillant sur la [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey|consultation des souhaits de la communauté]] (CSC), aimerions vous inviter à une réunion en ligne avec nous. Celle-ci aura lieu le [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20211130T1700 '''{{#time:j xg|2021-11-30}} ({{#time:l|2021-11-30}}) à {{#time:H:i e|17:00|fr|1}}'''] sur Zoom et durera une heure. [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/j/82035401393 '''Participer'''].

'''Ordre du jour'''

* Changements dans la Consultation des souhaits de la communauté pour 2022. Participez aux décisions.
* Devenez un ambassadeur de la consultation des souhaits de la communauté. Aidez-nous à faire parler de la CSC dans votre communauté.
* Questions et réponses

'''Format'''

La rencontre ne sera pas enregistrée ni diffusée en flux. Des notes anonymes seront prises et publiées sur Meta-Wiki. La présentation (tous les points à l’ordre du jour à l’exception des questions et réponses) sera donnée en anglais.

Nous pouvons répondre aux questions posées en français, anglais, polonais, espagnol, allemand et italien. Si vous voulez poser une question en avance, vous pouvez l’écrire [[m:Talk:Community Wishlist Survey|sur la page de discussion de la consultation des souhaits de la communauté]] ou l’envoyer à sgrabarczuk@wikimedia.org.

Cette réunion sera animée par [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:NRodriguez (WMF)|Natalia Rodriguez]] (la chef de l’équipe [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Tech|Technologies communautaires]]).

'''Lien d'invitation'''

* [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/j/82035401393 S'inscrire en ligne]
* ID de la réunion : &lt;span dir=ltr&gt;82035401393&lt;/span&gt;
* [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/u/keu6UeRT0T Numéros de téléphone locaux]
Nous espérons vous voir ! [[User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] ([[User talk:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|discuter]]) 26 Novambra 2021 à 20:08 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:SGrabarczuk_(WMF)/sandbox/MM/Francophones&amp;oldid=20689614 --&gt;

== Appel à commentaires à venir sur les élections du conseil d'administration ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;fr&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content /&gt;
:''Ce message est traduit dans plusieurs autres langues sur Meta-wiki''.
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees/Call for feedback:2022 Board of Trustees election/Upcoming Call for Feedback about the Board of Trustees elections|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees/Call for feedback:2022 Board of Trustees election/Upcoming Call for Feedback about the Board of Trustees elections}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

Le conseil d'administration prépare un appel à commentaires pour les prochaines élections du conseil d'administration, du 7 janvier au 10 février 2022.

Les détails seront finalisés la semaine précédant l'appel, mais nous avons confirmé au moins deux questions qui seront posées lors de cet appel à commentaires:

* Quelle est la meilleure façon d'assurer une représentation équitable des communautés émergentes au sein du conseil?

* Quelle doit être la participation des candidat.e.s pendant l'élection?

Bien que d'autres questions puissent être ajoutées, l'équipe Stratégie et gouvernance du mouvement souhaite donner le temps aux membres de la communauté et aux affiliés de réfléchir et de préparer des idées sur les questions confirmées avant l'ouverture de l'appel. Nous nous excusons de ne pas avoir une liste complète de questions pour le moment. La liste des questions ne devrait s'allonger que d'une ou deux questions. L'intention n'est pas de submerger la communauté de demandes, mais de l'informer et de recueillir ses réactions sur ces questions importantes.

'''Vous souhaitez participer à l'organisation d'une conversation locale pendant cet appel ?'''

Contactez l'équipe [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance|Stratégie et Gouvernance du Mouvement]] sur Meta, sur [https://t.me/wmboardgovernancechat Telegram], ou par courriel à msg[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org.

N'hésitez pas à nous contacter si vous avez des questions ou des préoccupations. L'équipe Stratégie et Gouvernance du Mouvement aura un effectif réduit jusqu'au 3 janvier. Veuillez excuser tout retard de réponse pendant cette période. Nous sommes également conscients que certains membres de la communauté et affiliés sont déconnectés pendant les vacances de décembre. Nous nous excusons si notre message vous parvient pendant que vous êtes en vacances.

Bien à vous,

Stratégie et Gouvernance du Mouvement&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

{{int:thank-you}} [[User:MPossoupe (WMF)|MPossoupe (WMF)]] 28 Desambra 2021 à 15:59 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Xeno (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Strategy_and_Governance/Delivery/fr&amp;oldid=22506356 --&gt;

== Consultation des souhaits de la communauté pour 2022 ==

[[File:Community Wishlist Survey Lamp.svg|right|200px]]
La '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2022|consultation des souhaits de la communauté pour 2022]]''' a débuté !

Cette consultation est le processus par lequel les communautés décident sur quoi l’équipe [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Tech|Technologies communautaires]] doit travailler durant l’année qui suit. Nous encourageons tout le monde à soumettre des propositions avant le '''23 janvier''', ou à commenter les propositions des autres pour les améliorer.

Les communautés voteront pour les propositions entre le 28 janvier et le 11 février.

L’équipe Technologies communautaires se concentre sur les outils pour les contributeurs expérimentés de Wikimédia. Vous pouvez écrire vos propositions dans n’importe quelle langue, nous les traduirons pour vous. Merci, nous avons hâte de les recevoir ! [[User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] ([[User talk:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|talk]]) 10 Janoary 2022 à 18:23 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:SGrabarczuk_(WMF)/sandbox/MM/Francophones&amp;oldid=20689614 --&gt;

== Feminism and Folklore 2022 ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;

{{int:please-translate}}

Greetings! You are invited to participate in '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2022|Feminism and Folklore 2022]]''' writing competion. This year Feminism and Folklore will focus on feminism, women biographies and gender-focused topics for the project in league with Wiki Loves Folklore gender gap focus with folk culture theme on Wikipedia.

You can help us in enriching the folklore documentation on Wikipedia from your region by creating or improving articles focused on folklore around the world, including, but not limited to folk festivals, folk dances, folk music, women and queer personalities in folklore, folk culture (folk artists, folk dancers, folk singers, folk musicians, folk game athletes, women in mythology, women warriors in folklore, witches and witch hunting, fairy tales and more. You can contribute to new articles or translate from the list of suggested articles [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2022/List of Articles|here]].

You can also support us in organizing the contest on your local Wikipedia by signing up your community to participate in this project and also translating the [[m:Feminism and Folklore 2022|project page]] and help us spread the word in your native language. 

Learn more about the contest and prizes from our project page. Feel free to contact us on our [[:m:Talk:Feminism and Folklore 2022|talk page]] or via Email if you need any assistance... 

Thank you.

'''Feminism and Folklore Team''',

[[User:Tiven2240|Tiven2240]]
--11 Janoary 2022 à 05:49 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Tiven2240@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Tiven2240/wlf&amp;oldid=22574381 --&gt;

== L'appel à commentaires sur les élections du Conseil d'administration est maintenant ouvert ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;fr&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees/Call for feedback: Board of Trustees elections/Call for Feedback about the Board of Trustees elections is now open/Short|Ce message est disponible dans d'autres langues sur Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees/Call for feedback: Board of Trustees elections/Call for Feedback about the Board of Trustees elections is now open/Short|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees/Call for feedback: Board of Trustees elections/Call for Feedback about the Board of Trustees elections is now open/Short}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

Élections du conseil d'administration : l'appel à commentaires est maintenant ouvert et se terminera le 7 février 2022. 

Avec cet appel à commentaires, l'équipe Stratégie et Gouvernance du Mouvement adopte une approche différente. Cette approche intègre le retour d'informations de 2021 de la communauté. Au lieu de présenter des propositions, l'appel s'articule autour des questions-clés du Conseil d'administration. Les questions-clés sont issues des retours sur l'élection 2021 du conseil d'administration. L'intention est d'inspirer une conversation collective et le développement de propositions collaboratives sur ces questions-clés.

[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees/Call for feedback: Board of Trustees elections|Participez à la conversation.]]

Bien à vous,

L'équipe Stratégie et Gouvernance du Mouvement&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:MPossoupe (WMF)|MPossoupe (WMF)]] 13 Janoary 2022 à 03:23 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Xeno (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Strategy_and_Governance/Delivery/fr&amp;oldid=22506356 --&gt;

== Discutez avec l’équipe Technologies communautaires ==

[[File:Community Wishlist Survey Lamp.svg|150px|right]]
{{int:Hello}}

Nous, l’équipe travaillant sur la [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey|consultation des souhaits de la communauté]] (CWS), aimerions vous inviter à une réunion en ligne avec nous. Celle-ci aura lieu le [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20220119T1800 '''{{#time:j xg|2022-01-19}} ({{#time:l|2022-01-19}}) à {{#time:H:i e|18:00|fr|1}}'''] sur Zoom et durera une heure. Cet outil externe n’est pas soumis à [[foundation:Privacy_policy/fr|la politique de confidentialité de Wikimedia]]. [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/j/85804347114 '''Cliquez ici pour Participer'''].

'''Ordre du jour'''

* Amenez le premier jet de votre proposition et discutez de vos questions sur la façon de l’améliorer avec un membre de l’équipe Technologies communautaires.

'''Format'''

La rencontre ne sera pas enregistrée ni diffusée en flux. Des notes anonymes seront prises et publiées sur Meta-Wiki. La présentation (tous les points à l’ordre du jour à l’exception des questions et réponses) sera donnée en anglais.

Nous pouvons répondre aux questions posées en français, anglais, polonais, espagnol et allemand. Si vous voulez poser une question en avance, vous pouvez l’écrire [[m:Talk:Community Wishlist Survey|sur la page de discussion de la consultation des souhaits de la communauté]] ou l’envoyer à sgrabarczuk@wikimedia.org.

Cette réunion sera animée par [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:NRodriguez (WMF)|Natalia Rodriguez]] (la chef de l’équipe [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Tech|Technologies communautaires]]).

'''Lien d'invitation'''

* [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/j/85804347114 S’inscrire en ligne]
* ID de la réunion : &lt;span dir=ltr&gt;85804347114&lt;/span&gt;
* [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/u/keu6UeRT0T Numéros de téléphone locaux]
Nous espérons vous voir ! [[User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] ([[User talk:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|talk]]) 18 Janoary 2022 à 01:02 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:SGrabarczuk_(WMF)/sandbox/MM/Francophones&amp;oldid=20689614 --&gt;

== Nouvelles de la Stratégie et de la Gouvernance du Mouvement – Numéro 5 ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;fr&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;ucoc-newsletter&quot;/&gt;
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/5/Global message|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/5/Global message}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:200%;&quot;&gt;'''Nouvelles de la Stratégie et de la Gouvernance du Mouvement'''&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:120%; color:#404040;&quot;&gt;'''Numéro 5 - janvier 2022'''&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:120%; float:right;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/5|'''Lire le bulletin complet''']]&lt;/span&gt;
----
Bienvenue au cinquième numéro des Nouvelles de la Stratégie et de la Gouvernance du Mouvement (anciennement connues sous le nom de Nouvelles du Code de Conduite Universel) ! Ce bulletin d'information révisé diffuse des nouvelles et des événements pertinents concernant la Charte du Mouvement, le Code de Conduite Universel, les subventions pour la mise en œuvre de la Stratégie du Mouvement, les élections du Conseil d'administration et d'autres sujets relatifs à la Stratégie et la Gouvernance du Mouvement.

Cette lettre d'information sera distribuée tous les 3 mois, tandis que des mises à jour plus fréquentes seront également envoyées aux abonné.es toutes les semaines ou toutes les 2 semaines. N'oubliez pas de vous abonner [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/MSG Newsletter Subscription|ici]] si vous souhaitez recevoir ces mises à jour.
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:3px; padding:10px 10px 10px 20px; background:#fffff; border:2px solid #808080; border-radius:4px; font-size:100%;&quot;&gt;

*'''Appel à commentaires sur les élections du conseil d'administration ''' - Nous vous invitons à donner votre avis sur la prochaine élection du conseil d'administration de la WMF. Cet appel à commentaires a été mis en ligne le 10 janvier 2022 et se terminera le 16 février 2022. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/5#Call for Feedback about the Board elections|continuer la lecture]])
*'''Ratification du Code de Conduite Universel''' - En 2021, la WMF a demandé aux communautés comment faire appliquer le Code de Conduite Universel. Le projet révisé des directives d'application devrait être prêt pour le vote des communautés en mars. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/5#Universal Code of Conduct Ratification|continuer la lecture]])
*'''Subventions pour la mise en œuvre de la stratégie du mouvement''' - Alors que nous continuons à étudier plusieurs propositions intéressantes, nous encourageons et accueillons plus de propositions et d'idées qui ciblent une initiative spécifique des recommandations de la stratégie du mouvement. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/5#Movement Strategy Implementation Grants|continuer la lecture]])
*'''La nouvelle orientation du bulletin d'information''' - Alors que le bulletin d'information de l'UCoC devient le bulletin d'information du MSG, rejoignez l'équipe de facilitation pour envisager et décider des nouvelles orientations de ce bulletin d'information. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/5#The New Direction for the Newsletter|continue la lecture]])
*''' Blogs Diff''' - Consultez les publications les plus récentes sur la Stratégie et la Gouvernance du Mouvement sur le blog Wikimedia Diff. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/5#Diff Blogs|continuer la lecture]])&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;ucoc-newsletter&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:MPossoupe (WMF)|MPossoupe (WMF)]] 29 Janoary 2022 à 01:46 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Xeno (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Strategy_and_Governance/Delivery/fr&amp;oldid=22703208 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;fr&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Groupe de travail sur le développement du leadership : vos commentaires sont les bienvenus&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;fr&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership Development Task Force/Call for Feedback Announcement|Ce message est disponible dans d'autres langues sur Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership Development Task Force/Call for Feedback Announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Leadership Development Task Force/Call for Feedback Announcement}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

L'équipe &quot;Développement Communautaire&quot; de la Wikimedia Foundation soutient la création d'un groupe de travail globale, porté par la communauté, pour le développement du Leadership.

L'équipe est à la recherche de commentaires sur les responsabilités du groupe de travail sur le développement du leadership.  Cette page Meta contient la proposition d'un [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership Development Task Force|Groupe de travail sur le développement du leadership]] et la manière dont [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership Development Task Force/Participate|vous pouvez aider.]] Les commentaires sur la proposition sont recueillis du 7 au 25 février 2022.&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:MPossoupe (WMF)|MPossoupe (WMF)]] 9 Febroary 2022 à 02:46 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Xeno (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Strategy_and_Governance/Delivery/fr&amp;oldid=22796832 --&gt;

== Wiki Loves Folklore is extended till 15th March ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;{{int:please-translate}}

[[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|frameless|180px]]
Greetings from Wiki Loves Folklore International Team,

We are pleased to inform you that [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore|Wiki Loves Folklore]] an international photographic contest on Wikimedia Commons has been extended till the '''15th of March 2022'''. The scope of the contest is focused on folk culture of different regions on categories, such as, but not limited to, folk festivals, folk dances, folk music, folk activities, etc.

We would like to have your immense participation in the photographic contest to document your local Folk culture on Wikipedia. You can also help with the [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2022/Translations|translation]] of project pages and share a word in your local language.

Best wishes,

'''International Team'''&lt;br /&gt;
'''Wiki Loves Folklore'''

[[Mpikambana:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Dinika amin'ny mpikambana:MediaWiki message delivery|resaka]]) 22 Febroary 2022 à 04:50 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Rockpeterson@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=22754428 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Remember to Participate in the UCoC Conversations and Ratification Vote!&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting/Announcement|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting/Announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting/Announcement}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

Hello everyone,

A [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines/Voting|'''vote in SecurePoll from 7 to 21 March 2022''']] is scheduled as part of the ratification process for the Universal Code of Conduct (UCoC) Enforcement guidelines. Eligible voters are invited to answer a poll question and share comments. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines/Voter_information|Read voter information and eligibility details.]] During the poll, voters will be asked if they support the enforcement of the Universal Code of Conduct based on the proposed guidelines.

The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] (UCoC) provides a baseline of acceptable behavior for the entire movement. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines|revised enforcement guidelines]] were published 24 January 2022 as a proposed way to apply the policy across the movement. A [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Board_noticeboard/January_2022_-_Board_of_Trustees_on_Community_ratification_of_enforcement_guidelines_of_UCoC|Wikimedia Foundation Board statement]] calls for a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines/Voting|ratification process]] where eligible voters will have an opportunity to support or oppose the adoption of the UCoC Enforcement guidelines in a vote. Wikimedians are invited to [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines/Voter_information/Volunteer|translate and share important information]]. For more information about the UCoC, please see the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Project|project page]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/FAQ|frequently asked questions]] on Meta-wiki.

There are events scheduled to learn more and discuss:
* A [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Conversations/Panel_Q&amp;A|community panel]] on 18 February 2022 at 15:00 UTC shares perspectives from small- and medium-sized community participants.
* The [[m:Movement Strategy and Governance|Movement Strategy and Governance]] (MSG) team is hosting Conversation Hours on 25 February 2022 at 12:00 UTC and 4 March 2022 at 15:00 UTC. Please [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Conversations|'''sign-up for these conversation hours''']] to interact with the project team and the drafting committee about the updated enforcement guidelines and the ratification process. See the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/2022_conversation_hour_summaries|Conversation Hour summaries]] for notes from 4 February 2022.

You can comment on Meta-wiki talk pages in any language. You may also contact either team by email: msg[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org or ucocproject[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org

Sincerely,

Movement Strategy and Governance &lt;br /&gt;
Wikimedia Foundation &lt;br /&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:MPossoupe (WMF)|MPossoupe (WMF)]] 22 Febroary 2022 à 20:47 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Xeno (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Strategy_and_Governance/Delivery/fr&amp;oldid=22796832 --&gt;

== Coming soon ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
=== Several improvements around templates ===
Hello, from March 9, several improvements around templates will become available on your wiki:
* Fundamental improvements of the [[Mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User guide#Editing templates|VisualEditor template dialog]] ([[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/VisualEditor template dialog improvements|1]], [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Removing a template from a page using the VisualEditor|2]]),
* Improvements to make it easier to put a template on a page ([[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Finding and inserting templates|3]]) (for the template dialogs in [[Mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User guide#Editing templates|VisualEditor]], [[Mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:WikiEditor#/media/File:VectorEditorBasic-en.png|2010 Wikitext]] and [[Mw:Special:MyLanguage/2017 wikitext editor|New Wikitext Mode]]),
* and improvements in the syntax highlighting extension [[Mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] ([[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Improved Color Scheme of Syntax Highlighting|4]], [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Bracket Matching|5]]) (which is available on wikis with writing direction left-to-right).

All these changes are part of the “[[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Templates|Templates]]” project by [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes|WMDE Technical Wishes]]. We hope they will help you in your work, and we would love to hear your feedback on the talk pages of these projects. &lt;/div&gt; - [[m:User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|Johanna Strodt (WMDE)]] 28 Febroary 2022 à 12:38 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Technical_Wishes_News_list_all_village_pumps&amp;oldid=22907463 --&gt;

== Rapports de l'appel à commentaires sur les élections 2022 du conseil d'administration de de la WMF ==

:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees/Call for feedback: Board of Trustees elections/Call for Feedback is now closed|Ce message est disponible dans d'autres langues sur Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees/Call for feedback: Board of Trustees elections/Call for Feedback is now closed|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees/Call for feedback: Board of Trustees elections/Call for Feedback is now closed}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''
Bonjour,

L'[[m:Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees/Call for feedback: Board of Trustees elections|appel à commentaires sur les élections 2022 au conseil d'administration de la Wikimedia foundation]] est désormais clos. Cet appel a débuté le 10 janvier et s'est terminé le 16 février 2022. L'appel s'est concentré sur [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees/Call for feedback: Board of Trustees elections/Discuss Key Questions#Questions|trois questions-clés]] et a fait l'objet d'un large débat [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees/Call for feedback: Board of Trustees elections/Discuss Key Questions|sur Meta-wiki]], lors des réunions avec les affiliés et dans diverses conversations communautaires. La communauté et les affiliés ont formulé de nombreuses propositions et points de discussion. Les [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees/Call for feedback: Board of Trustees elections/Reports|rapports]] sont disponibles sur Meta-wiki.

Ces informations seront partagées avec le conseil d'administration et le comité des élections afin qu'ils puissent prendre des décisions éclairées concernant la prochaine élection du conseil d'administration. Le Conseil d'administration fera ensuite une annonce après avoir discuté de ces informations.

Merci à tous ceux et à toutes celles qui ont participé à l'appel à commentaires pour aider à améliorer les processus d'élection du conseil d'administration. 

Bien à vous,

L'équipe Stratégie et Gouvernance du Mouvement

[[User:MPossoupe (WMF)|MPossoupe (WMF)]] 3 Martsa 2022 à 04:20 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Xeno (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Strategy_and_Governance/Delivery/fr&amp;oldid=22796832 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;fr&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Ouverture du vote de ratification des directives d'application du Code de conduite universel du 7 au 21 mars 2022&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;fr&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Vote|Ce message est également traduit dans d'autres langues sur Meta-wiki.]]
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Vote|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Vote}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

Bonjour,

Le vote pour la ratification des [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines|directives d'application révisées]] du [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct|Code de conduite universel]]. (UCoC) est maintenant ouvert ! Le [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting|Vote a commencé sur SecurePoll]]'' le 7 mars 2022 et se terminera le 21 mars 2022. [[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voter information|Pour en savoir plus et lire les conditions d'éligibilité]].

Le Code de Conduite Universel (UCoC) établit une base de conduites acceptables au sein de l'ensemble du mouvement. Les directives d'application révisées ont été publiées le 24 janvier 2022 comme une proposition de manière d'appliquer le texte au sein du mouvement. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Project|Pour en savoir plus sur le projet UCoC]].

Vous pouvez également faire vos commentaires dans la langue de votre choix sur les pages de discussion Meta-wiki de l'UCoC ou contacter l'équipe par courriel : ucocproject[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org

Bien à vous,

L'équipe Stratégie et Gouvernance du Mouvement

Wikimedia Foundation&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:MPossoupe (WMF)|MPossoupe (WMF)]] 8 Martsa 2022 à 00:44 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Xeno (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Strategy_and_Governance/Delivery/fr&amp;oldid=22796832 --&gt;

== Wiki Loves Folklore 2022 ends tomorrow ==

[[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|frameless|180px]]
International photographic contest [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2022| Wiki Loves Folklore 2022]] ends on 15th March 2022 23:59:59 UTC. This is the last chance of the year to upload images about local folk culture, festival, cuisine, costume, folklore etc on Wikimedia Commons. Watch out our social media handles for regular updates and declaration of Winners. 

([https://www.facebook.com/WikiLovesFolklore/ Facebook] , [https://twitter.com/WikiFolklore Twitter ] , [https://www.instagram.com/wikilovesfolklore/ Instagram])

The writing competition Feminism and Folklore will run till 31st of March 2022 23:59:59 UTC. Write about your local folk tradition, women, folk festivals, folk dances, folk music, folk activities, folk games, folk cuisine, folk wear, folklore, and tradition, including ballads, folktales, fairy tales, legends, traditional song and dance, folk plays, games, seasonal events, calendar customs, folk arts, folk religion, mythology etc. on your local Wikipedia. Check if your [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2022/Project Page|local Wikipedia is participating]]

A special competition called '''Wiki Loves Falles''' is organised in Spain and the world during 15th March 2022 till 15th April 2022 to document local folk culture and [[:en:Falles|Falles]] in Valencia, Spain. Learn more about it on  [[:ca:Viquiprojecte:Falles 2022|Catalan Wikipedia project page]].

We look forward for your immense co-operation.

Thanks 
Wiki Loves Folklore international Team
[[Mpikambana:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Dinika amin'ny mpikambana:MediaWiki message delivery|resaka]]) 14 Martsa 2022 à 14:40 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Rockpeterson@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=22754428 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;fr&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Groupe de travail sur le développement du leadership : Candidatez pour rejoindre (du 14 mars au 10 avril 2022)&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;fr&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership Development Working Group/Participate/Announcement|Ce message est également traduit dans d'autres langues sur Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership Development Working Group/Participate/Announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Leadership Development Working Group/Participate/Announcement}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

Bonjour,

Merci à tous ceux et toutes celles qui ont participé à l'appel à commentaires sur l'initiative [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership Development Working Group|groupe de travail sur le développement du leadership]].  Un [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership Development Working Group/Participate#5. Summary of Call for Feedback|résumé des commentaires]] est disponible sur Meta-wiki. Ces commentaires seront partagés avec le groupe de travail pour éclairer son travail. La période de candidature pour rejoindre le groupe de travail est maintenant ouverte et se terminera le 10 avril 2022. Veuillez [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership_Development_Working_Group/Purpose_and_Structure#3._How_is_the_working_group_formed_and_structured?|relire les informations sur le groupe de travail]], partager avec les membres de la communauté qui pourraient être intéressés, et '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership_Development_Working_Group/Participate#1._How_to_participate|candidatez si vous êtes intéressé.e]]'''.

Merci,

De l'équipe développement communautaire&lt;br /&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:MPossoupe (WMF)|MPossoupe (WMF)]] 16 Martsa 2022 à 16:56 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Xeno (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Strategy_and_Governance/Delivery/fr&amp;oldid=23008845 --&gt;

== Feminism and Folklore 2022 ends soon ==

[[File:Feminism and Folklore 2022 logo.svg|right|frameless|250px]]
[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2022|Feminism and Folklore 2022]] which is an international writing contest organized at Wikipedia ends soon that is on &lt;b&gt;31 March 2022 11:59 UTC&lt;/b&gt;. This is the last chance of the year to write about feminism, women biographies and gender-focused topics such as &lt;i&gt;folk festivals, folk dances, folk music, folk activities, folk games, folk cuisine, folk wear, fairy tales, folk plays, folk arts, folk religion, mythology, folk artists, folk dancers, folk singers, folk musicians, folk game athletes, women in mythology, women warriors in folklore, witches and witch hunting, fairy tales and more&lt;/i&gt;

Keep an eye on the project page for declaration of Winners. 

We look forward for your immense co-operation.

Thanks 
Wiki Loves Folklore international Team
[[Mpikambana:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Dinika amin'ny mpikambana:MediaWiki message delivery|resaka]]) 26 Martsa 2022 à 14:29 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Rockpeterson@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Rockpeterson/fnf&amp;oldid=23060054 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;fr&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Résultats du vote de ratification des directives d'application du Code de Conduite Universel&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;fr&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt; 
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting/Results/Announcement|Ce message est également traduit dans d'autres langues sur Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting/Results/Announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting/Results/Announcement}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

L'équipe &quot;Trust and Safety Policy&quot; a publié les résultats du vote de ratification des directives d'application du Code de Conduite Universel. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting/Results| ''Voir les résultats et en lire plus sur Meta-wiki.'']]. Les [[m:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines/UCoC_Phase_2_Ratification_Results_Announcement|prochaines étapes]] sont également annoncées sur Meta-wiki.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:MPossoupe (WMF)|MPossoupe (WMF)]] 6 Aprily 2022 à 16:20 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:MPossoupe (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Strategy_and_Governance/Delivery/fr&amp;oldid=23008845 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;fr&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Nouvelles de la Stratégie et de la Gouvernance du Mouvement  – Numéro 6&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;fr&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;ucoc-newsletter&quot;/&gt;
&lt;div style = &quot;line-height: 1.2&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:200%;&quot;&gt;'''Nouvelles de la Stratégie et de la Gouvernance du Mouvement'''&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:120%; color:#404040;&quot;&gt;'''Numéro 6, avril 2022'''&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:120%; float:right;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/6|'''Lire le bulletin complet''']]&lt;/span&gt;
----

Bienvenue au sixième numéro des Nouvelles de la Stratégie et de la Gouvernance du Mouvement (anciennement connues sous le nom de Nouvelles du Code de Conduite Universel) ! Ce bulletin d'information révisé diffuse des nouvelles et des événements pertinents concernant la Charte du Mouvement, le Code de Conduite Universel, les subventions d'implémentation de la Stratégie du Mouvement, les élections du Conseil d'administration et d'autres sujets relatifs à la Stratégie et la Gouvernance du Mouvement.

Cette lettre d'information sera distribuée tous les 3 mois, tandis que des mises à jour plus fréquentes seront également envoyées aux abonné.es toutes les semaines. N'oubliez pas de vous abonner [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/MSG Newsletter Subscription|ici]] si vous souhaitez recevoir ces mises à jour.
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:3px; padding:10px 10px 10px 20px; background:#fffff; border:2px solid #808080; border-radius:4px; font-size:100%;&quot;&gt;

*'''Développement du leadership -''' Un groupe de travail est en train de se former ! - Les candidatures pour rejoindre le groupe de travail sur le développement du leadership ont été clôturées le 10 avril 2022. Jusqu'à 12 membres de la communauté seront sélectionnés pour participer au groupe de travail. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/6#A1|continuer la lecture]])
*'''Les résultats de la ratification du Code de conduite universel sont connus ! -''' Le processus global de décision de l'application du code de conduite universel via SecurePoll s'est déroulé du 7 au 21 mars. Plus de 2 300 électeurs éligibles, issus d'au moins 128 projets différents, ont fait part de leur avis et de leurs commentaires. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/6#A2|continuer la lecture]])
*'''Discussions sur les Hubs-''' L'événement &quot;Global Conversation&quot; sur les Hubs régionaux et thématiques a eu lieu le samedi 12 mars. 84 Wikimédiens et wikimédiennes venant de tout le mouvement y ont participé. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/6#A3|continuer la lecture]])
*'''Les subventions pour la stratégie du mouvement restent ouvertes ! -''' Depuis le début de l'année, six propositions d'une valeur totale d'environ 80 000 USD ont été approuvées. Vous avez une idée de projet sur la stratégie du mouvement ? N'hésitez pas à nous contacter ! ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/6#A4|continuer la lecture]])
*'''Le Comité de rédaction de la Charte du Mouvement est prêt ! -''' Le Comité de quinze membres qui a été élu en octobre 2021, s'est mis d'accord sur les valeurs et les méthodes essentielles de son travail, et a commencé à créer les grandes lignes du projet de Charte du Mouvement. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/6#A5|continuer la lecture]])
*'''Présentation du &quot;Bulletin hebdomadaire sur la Stratégie du Mouvement&quot; -''' Contribuez et abonnez-vous ! - L'équipe MSG vient de lancer le portail des mises à jour, qui est connecté aux différentes pages de la Stratégie du Mouvement sur Meta-wiki. Abonnez-vous pour recevoir les dernières nouvelles sur les différents projets en cours. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/6#A6|continuer la lecture]])
*'''Blogs Diff -'''. Consultez les publications les plus récentes sur la Stratégie du Mouvement sur Wikimedia Diff. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/6#A7|continuer la lecture]])
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;ucoc-newsletter&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:MPossoupe (WMF)|MPossoupe (WMF)]] 13 Aprily 2022 à 17:04 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:MPossoupe (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Strategy_and_Governance/Delivery/fr&amp;oldid=23008845 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;fr&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Participez aux conversations publiques sur le Plan annuel de la Wikimedia Foundation avec Maryana Iskander&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;fr&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt; 
:[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2022-2023/Conversations/Announcement|''Vous trouverez ce message traduit dans d’autres langues sur Meta-Wiki.'']]
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2022-2023/Conversations/Announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2022-2023/Conversations/Announcement}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

Bonjour,

Les équipes [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Communications|Communication interne]] et [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance|Stratégie et gouvernance du mouvement]] vous invite à discuter du '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2022-2023/draft|Projet annuel 2022–23 de Wikimedia Foundation]]''', un document définissant le travail à faire pour la Wikimedia Foundation.

Ces conversations publiques s’inscrivent dans [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Chief Executive Officer/Maryana’s Listening Tour|la « tournée d’écoute » de la directrice générale de la Wikimedia Foundation]], [[m:User:MIskander-WMF|Maryana Iskander]]. 

Les conversations publiques portent sur les points suivants :
* La [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia 2030|Stratégie 2030 du mouvement Wikimedia]] définit nos orientations vers la « connaissance comme service » et « l’équité des connaissances ». La Wikimedia Foundation veut définir son projet selon ces deux objectifs. Comment, selon-vous, la Wikimedia Foundation doit-elle les appliquer à notre travail ?
* La Wikimedia Foundation continue d’étudier la meilleure manière de travailler au niveau régional. Notre régionalisation s’est accentuée dans des domaines tels que les subventions, les nouvelles fonctionnalités et les consultations communautaires. Qu’est-ce qui fonctionne bien ? Qu’est-ce que nous pouvons améliorer ?
* Tout le monde peut contribuer au processus de la Stratégie du mouvement. Mettons en commun nos activités, idées, demandes et les leçons que nous avons appris. Comment la Wikimedia Foundation peut-elle soutenir davantage les bénévoles et organisations affiliées qui travaillent sur la Stratégie du mouvement ?

Vous pouvez consulter [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2022-2023/draft/Your Input|'''le calendrier des visioconférences sur Meta-Wiki''']].

Les informations seront disponibles dans plusieurs langues. Chaque visioconférence sera ouverte à toutes celles-et-ceux qui le souhaitent. Une interprétation en direct sera disponible pour certaines visioconférences.

Bien cordialement,&lt;br /&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:MPossoupe (WMF)|MPossoupe (WMF)]] 20 Aprily 2022 à 07:26 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:MPossoupe (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Strategy_and_Governance/Delivery/fr&amp;oldid=23008845 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;fr&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Les prochaines étapes du processus du Code de Conduite Universel (UCoC) et de ses directives d'application.&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;fr&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board noticeboard/April 2022 - Board of Trustees on Next steps: Universal Code of Conduct (UCoC) and UCoC Enforcement Guidelines|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation Board noticeboard/April 2022 - Board of Trustees on Next steps: Universal Code of Conduct (UCoC) and UCoC Enforcement Guidelines}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

Le comité des Affaires Communautaires du conseil d'administration de la Wikimedia Foundation souhaite remercier tous ceux et celles qui ont participé au vote de la communauté sur les directives d'application du Code de Conduite Universel (UCoC). 

Le groupe de scrutateurs bénévoles a terminé la vérification de l'exactitude du vote et a indiqué que le nombre total de votes reçus était de 2 283. Sur les 2 283 votes reçus, un total de 1 338 (58,6 %) membres de la communauté ont voté pour les directives d'application et un total de 945 (41,4 %) membres de la communauté ont voté contre. En outre, 658 participants ont laissé des commentaires, dont 77 % étaient rédigés en anglais.

Nous reconnaissons et apprécions la passion et l'engagement dont les membres de la communauté ont fait preuve pour créer une culture sûre et accueillante qui met fin aux comportements hostiles et toxiques, soutient les personnes visées par ces comportements et encourage les personnes de bonne foi à être productives sur les projets Wikimedia. 

Même à ce stade où le processus n'est pas encore achevé, cela est évident dans les commentaires reçus. Bien que les directives d'application aient atteint le seuil de soutien nécessaire pour que le conseil d'administration les examine, nous avons encouragé les électeurs, quel que soit leur vote, à faire part de leurs commentaires sur les éléments des directives d'application qui, selon eux, devaient être modifiés ou corrigés, ainsi que sur les raisons de ces modifications, au cas où il semblerait judicieux de lancer une nouvelle série de modifications qui répondraient aux préoccupations de la communauté. 

Le personnel de la Fondation qui a passé en revue les commentaires, nous a informés de certains des thèmes émergents, et en conséquence, nous avons décidé, en tant que Comité des Affaires Communautaires, de demander à la Fondation de reconvoquer le comité de rédaction et d'entreprendre un autre engagement communautaire pour affiner les directives d'application sur la base des commentaires de la communauté reçus lors du vote qui vient de se terminer. 

Pour plus de clarté, ces commentaires ont été regroupés en 4 sections comme suit :

# Identifier le type, le but et l'applicabilité de la formation ;
# Simplifier la langue pour faciliter la traduction et la compréhension par les non-experts ;
# Explorer le concept d'affirmation, y compris ses avantages et ses inconvénients ;
# Revoir les rôles contradictoires de la vie privée/protection des victimes et du droit d'être entendu.

D'autres questions peuvent émerger au cours des conversations, et en particulier au fur et à mesure de l'évolution du projet de directives d'application, mais nous considérons que ce sont les principaux domaines de préoccupation des électeurs, électrices et nous demandons au personnel de faciliter l'examen de ces questions. Après un engagement plus poussé, la Fondation devrait organiser à nouveau le vote de la communauté pour évaluer le projet de directives d'application remanié afin de voir si le nouveau document est alors prêt pour sa ratification officielle.

De plus, nous sommes conscients des préoccupations relatives à la note 3.1 du Code de Conduite Universel. Nous demandons à la Fondation de faciliter la révision de cette note afin de s'assurer que le texte répond à ses objectifs de soutien à une communauté sûre et inclusive, sans attendre la révision prévue de l'ensemble du texte à la fin de l'année.

Encore une fois, nous remercions toutes celles et tous ceux qui ont participé, qui ont réfléchi à ces enjeux cruciaux et difficiles et qui ont contribué à de meilleures approches dans l'ensemble du mouvement pour bien travailler ensemble.

Bien à vous,

Rosie

Rosie Stephenson-Goodknight (she/her)&lt;br /&gt;
Présidente par intérim du Comité des Affaires Communautaires &lt;br /&gt;
Conseil d’administration de la Fondation Wikimédia&lt;br /&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:MPossoupe (WMF)|MPossoupe (WMF)]] 25 Aprily 2022 à 10:11 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:MPossoupe (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Strategy_and_Governance/Delivery/fr&amp;oldid=23008845 --&gt;

== New Wikipedia Library Collections Available Now - April 2022 ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;

Hello Wikimedians! 
[[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|upright|The TWL owl says sign up today!]]
[[m:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] has free access to new paywalled reliable sources. You can these and dozens more collections at https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/:
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/128/ Wiley]''' – journals, books, and research resources, covering life, health, social, and physical sciences
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/125/ OECD]''' – OECD iLibrary, Data, and Multimedia​​ published by the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/129/ SPIE Digital Library]''' – journals and eBooks on optics and photonics applied research

Many other sources are freely available for experienced editors, including collections which recently became accessible to all eligible editors: Cambridge University Press, BMJ, AAAS, Érudit and more.

Do better research and help expand the use of high quality references across Wikipedia projects: log in today!
&lt;br&gt;--The Wikipedia Library Team 26 Aprily 2022 à 13:17 (UTC)

:&lt;small&gt;This message was delivered via the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/MassMessage#Global_message_delivery Global Mass Message] tool to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List].&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Samwalton9@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library&amp;oldid=23036656 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;fr&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Appel à candidatures pour les élections 2022 du conseil d'administration&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;fr&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt; 
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Call for Candidates/Short|Ce message est également traduit dans d'autres langues sur Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Call for Candidates/Short|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Call for Candidates/Short}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

Bonjour,

Les candidatures pour l'élection de nouveaux administrateurs et de nouvelles administratrices au conseil d'administration de la Wikimedia foundation sont ouvertes.

Cette année, 2 administrateurs.trices seront élu.es. C'est l'occasion d'améliorer la représentativité, la diversité et l'expertise au sein du Conseil.

Les sièges à pourvoir cette année ont été précédemment [[m:Affiliate-selected Board seats/2019|sélectionnés par les affiliés]]. Cette année, une méthode différente sera utilisée :
# Les candidats et candidates soumettent leur candidature avant le 9 mai ; ce délai peut être légèrement prolongé.
# Tout membre de la communauté peut se présenter s'il remplit les conditions décrites [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Apply to be a Candidate|ici.]]
# Les affiliés votent pour retenir six (6) noms à partir de la liste.
# Chaque affilié dispose d'une voix. Le vote des affiliés devrait avoir lieu au début du mois de juillet. 
# La communauté vote pour élire deux des six candidat.es présélectionné.es.
# Le vote de la communauté doit commencer le 15 août et se terminer le 29 août.
# Le conseil d'administration nommera les deux candidat.es nouvellement élu.es.
# Cette dernière étape, qui conclura le processus électoral, devrait avoir lieu au début du mois d'octobre 2022.

Vous connaissez une candidate potentielle ou un candidat potentiel ? Encouragez-les à se présenter !

Vous êtes une candidate potentielle ou un candidat potentiel ? N'hésitez pas à candidater !

Plus de détails sur cette [[m:Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Apply_to_be_a_Candidate|page Meta-wiki]]

Merci pour votre soutien ! 

L'équipe Stratégie et Gouvernance du mouvement au nom du comité des élections et du conseil d'administration.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:MPossoupe (WMF)|MPossoupe (WMF)]] 26 Aprily 2022 à 16:42 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:MPossoupe (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Strategy_and_Governance/Delivery/fr&amp;oldid=23008845 --&gt;

== Parlons des améliorations de l'interface ordinateur ==

[[File:New table of contents shown on English wikipedia.png|thumb]]
Bonjour !

Avez-vous remarqué que certains wikis ont une interface pour ordinateur différente ? Vous êtes curieux de connaître les prochaines étapes ? Vous avez peut-être des questions ou des idées concernant le design ou les aspects techniques ?

Participez à une réunion en ligne avec l'équipe qui travaille aux [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop_Improvements|améliorations de l'interface pour ordinateur de bureau]] ! La rencontre aura lieu le '''29 avril 2022 à [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20220429T1300 13:00] et [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20220429T1800 18:00 UTC]''' sur Zoom et aura une durée d'une heure. '''[https://wikimedia.zoom.us/j/88045453898 Cliquez ici pour vous inscrire]'''. ID de la réunion : 88045453898. [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/u/kcOMICmyyA Numéros de téléphone locaux].

'''Ordre du jour'''

* Point d’information sur les développements récents
* Questions et réponses, discussion

'''Format'''

La réunion ne sera ni enregistrée ni diffusée. Les notes seront prises dans un [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1G4tfss-JBVxyZMxGlOj5MCBhOO-0sLekquFoa2XiQb8/edit# fichier Google Docs]. Cette réunion sera animée par [[mw:User:OVasileva_(WMF)|Olga Vasileva]] (la chef d'équipe). La partie de présentation sera en langue anglaise.

Nous pouvons répondre aux questions posées en français, italien (seulement à 18:00 UTC), anglais et polonais (aux deux réunions). Si vous préférez poser vos questions en avance, ajoutez-les dans la [[mw:Talk:Reading/Web/Desktop_Improvements|page de discussion]] ou envoyez-les à sgrabarczuk@wikimedia.org.

Lors de cette réunion, la [[foundation:Friendly_space_policy|Politique des Espaces Conviviaux]] et le [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Code_of_Conduct|Code de Conduite]] pour les Espaces Techniques Wikimédia s'appliquent. Zoom n'est pas soumis à la [[foundation:Privacy_policy|Politique de confidentialité de WMF]].

Nous espérons vous voir ! [[User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] ([[User talk:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|discuter]]) 27 Aprily 2022 à 13:12 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:SGrabarczuk_(WMF)/sandbox/MM/Francophones&amp;oldid=20689614 --&gt;

== Coming soon: Improvements for templates ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;!--T:11--&gt;
[[File:Overview of changes in the VisualEditor template dialog by WMDE Technical Wishes.webm|thumb|Fundamental changes in the template dialog.]]
Hello, more changes around templates are coming to your wiki soon:

The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User guide#Editing templates|'''template dialog''' in VisualEditor]] and in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/2017 wikitext editor|2017 Wikitext Editor]] (beta) will be '''improved fundamentally''': 
This should help users understand better what the template expects, how to navigate the template, and how to add parameters. 
* [[metawiki:WMDE Technical Wishes/VisualEditor template dialog improvements|project page]], [[metawiki:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/VisualEditor template dialog improvements|talk page]]

In '''syntax highlighting''' ([[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] extension), you can activate a '''colorblind-friendly''' color scheme with a user setting. 
* [[metawiki:WMDE Technical Wishes/Improved Color Scheme of Syntax Highlighting#Color-blind_mode|project page]], [[metawiki:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Improved Color Scheme of Syntax Highlighting|talk page]]

Deployment is planned for May 10. This is the last set of improvements from [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes|WMDE Technical Wishes']] focus area “[[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Templates|Templates]]”. 

We would love to hear your feedback on our talk pages!
&lt;/div&gt; -- [[m:User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|Johanna Strodt (WMDE)]] 29 Aprily 2022 à 11:13 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Technical_Wishes_News_list_all_village_pumps&amp;oldid=23222263 --&gt;

== Appel à bénévoles des élections ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;fr&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;languages/&gt;
Bonjour,

L'équipe Stratégie et gouvernance du mouvement recherche des membres de la communauté pour servir de bénévoles des élections lors de la prochaine élection du conseil d'administration.

Le programme de bénévoles des élections a commencé en 2021 lors de l'élection du conseil d'administration de la Wikimedia Foundation. Ce programme s'est avéré être un succès. Avec l'aide des bénévoles des élections, nous avons pu augmenter la sensibilisation et la participation à l'élection de 1 753 électeurs par rapport à 2017.  Le taux de participation global était de 10,13 %, soit 1,1 point de pourcentage de plus, et 214 wikis étaient représentés lors de l'élection. 

Mais un total de 74 wikis qui n'ont pas participé en 2017 ont voté à l'élection de 2021. Pouvez-vous aider à améliorer la participation lors des élections de cette année ?

Les bénévoles des élections apporteront leur aide dans les domaines suivants :
* Traduire des messages courts et annoncer le processus électoral en cours dans les canaux communautaires.
* Facultatif : Suivre les canaux de communication communautaires pour recueillir les commentaires et les questions de la communauté

Les bénévoles doivent :

* Maintenir la politique de l'espace convivial pendant les conversations et les événements.
* Présenter les directives et les informations de vote à la communauté de manière neutre.

Voulez-vous être un bénévole électoral et faire en sorte que votre communauté soit représentée lors du vote ? Inscrivez-vous sur [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Election Volunteers/About|cette page Meta-wiki]] pour recevoir des mises à jour. Vous pouvez utiliser [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Talk:Movement Strategy and Governance/Election Volunteers/About|la page de discussions]] pour toute question concernant les traductions.

Bien à vous,
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:MPossoupe (WMF)|MPossoupe (WMF)]] 3 Mey 2022 à 06:33 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:MPossoupe (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Strategy_and_Governance/Delivery/fr&amp;oldid=23008845 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;fr&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Rapport sur les commentaires des électeurs et électrices concernant la ratification des directives d'application du Code de Conduite Universel (UCoC)&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;fr&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting/Report/Announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting/Report/Announcement}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''
Bonjour,

L'équipe du projet UCoC a terminé l'analyse des commentaires accompagnant le vote de ratification des directives d'application du code de conduite universel. 

Après l'achèvement de la rédaction des directives d'application de l'UCoC en 2022, celles-ci ont été soumises au vote de la communauté wikimédienne. Les votes provenaient de 137 communautés, les 9 premières communautés étant : Wikipédia en anglais, allemand, français, russe, polonais, espagnol, chinois, japonais, italien et Meta-wiki. 

Les votant.es ont eu la possibilité de faire des commentaires sur le contenu du projet de document. 658 participant.es ont laissé des commentaires. 77% des commentaires sont rédigés en anglais. Les votant.es ont exprimé leurs opinions dans 24 langues, les plus nombreuses étant l'anglais (508), l'allemand (34), le japonais (28), le français (25) et le russe (12). 

Un rapport sera envoyé au comité de rédaction chargé de la révision qui affinera les directives d'application sur la base des commentaires de la communauté reçus lors du vote qui vient de se terminer. Une version publique du rapport est [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting/Report|'''publiée en plusieurs langues sur Meta-wiki ici''']]. {{int:please-translate}} 

Encore une fois, nous remercions toutes celles et tous ceux qui ont participé au vote et aux discussions. Nous invitons tout le monde à contribuer lors des prochaines discussions communautaires. Plus d'informations sur le Code de Conduite Universel et les directives d'application peuvent être trouvées [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Project|sur Meta-wiki]].

Au nom de l'équipe projet UCoC&lt;br /&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:MPossoupe (WMF)|MPossoupe (WMF)]] 23 Mey 2022 à 15:41 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:MPossoupe (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Strategy_and_Governance/Delivery/fr&amp;oldid=23008845 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;fr&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Révisions des directives d'application du Code de conduite universel (UCoC)&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;fr&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Revision discussions/Announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Revision discussions/Announcement}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''
Bonjour,

Après le vote de la communauté sur les directives d'application de l'UCoC en mars, le [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee|Comité des affaires communautaires (CAC)]] du Conseil [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikimedia-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/JAYQN3NYKCHQHONMUONYTI6WRKZFQNSC/ a demandé que plusieurs points des directives soient revus pour être améliorés] avant que le Conseil ne procède à son examen final. Ces points ont été identifiés sur la base des discussions communautaires et des commentaires fournis lors du vote. Le CAC a également demandé la révision de la note controversée de la section 3.1 de l'UCoC.

Une fois de plus, un grand merci à toutes les personnes qui ont voté, en particulier à celles qui ont fait des commentaires constructifs et des remarques !  L'équipe travaille avec le conseil d'administration pour établir un calendrier pour ce travail, et le communiquera le mois prochain. 

Les membres des deux précédents [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Drafting committee|comités de rédaction de l'UCoC]] ont généreusement offert leur temps pour contribuer à l'amélioration des directives. Vous pouvez en savoir plus sur eux et leur travail [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Drafting committee#Revisions_Committee|ici]], et lire les [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Drafting_committee/Phase_2_meeting_summaries#2022|résumés de leurs réunions hebdomadaires de cette année]]. 

Les membres de la communauté ont fait de nombreux commentaires précieux lors du vote et dans d'autres conversations. Étant donné la taille et la diversité de la communauté Wikimedia, il y a encore plus de voix qui peuvent donner des idées sur la façon d'améliorer les directives d'application et ajouter des idées encore plus précieuses au processus. Afin d'aider le comité de révision à identifier les améliorations à apporter, nous vous demandons de répondre à plusieurs questions qui seront soumises à l'examen du comité. Visitez les pages Meta-wiki ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines/Revision_discussions|Discussions sur la révision des directives d'application]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Policy text/Revision_discussions|Discussions sur la révision du texte de l'UcoC]]) pour faire part de vos idées au comité. Il est très important que les points de vue des différentes communautés soient entendus avant que le comité ne commence à rédiger des propositions de révision.

Au nom de l'équipe du projet UCoC &lt;br /&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:MPossoupe (WMF)|MPossoupe (WMF)]] 6 Jiona 2022 à 17:24 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:MPossoupe (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Strategy_and_Governance/Delivery/fr&amp;oldid=23008845 --&gt;

== Results of Wiki Loves Folklore 2022 is out! ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
{{int:please-translate}}
[[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|150px|frameless]]

Hi, Greetings

The winners for '''[[c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2022|Wiki Loves Folklore 2022]]''' is announced!

We are happy to share with you winning images for this year's edition. This year saw over 8,584 images represented on commons in over 92 countries. Kindly see images '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2022/Winners|here]]'''

Our profound gratitude to all the people who participated and organized local contests and photo walks for this project.

We hope to have you contribute to the campaign next year.

'''Thank you,'''

'''Wiki Loves Folklore International Team'''

--[[Mpikambana:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Dinika amin'ny mpikambana:MediaWiki message delivery|resaka]]) 4 Jolay 2022 à 16:12 (UTC)

&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:Tiven2240@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&amp;oldid=23454230 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;fr&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt; Proposez des déclarations pour la boussole électorale 2022&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;fr&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Propose statements for the 2022 Election Compass| Ce message est également traduit dans d'autres langues sur Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Propose statements for the 2022 Election Compass|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Propose statements for the 2022 Election Compass}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

Bonjour,

Dans le cadre des [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022|élections 2022 du conseil d'administration,]] des volontaires sont [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Community_Voting/Election_Compass|invités à proposer des déclarations à utiliser dans la boussole électorale]].

Une boussole électorale est un outil destiné à aider les électrices et les électeurs à choisir les candidates et les candidats qui correspondent le mieux à leurs convictions et à leurs opinions. Les membres de la communauté proposeront des déclarations auxquelles les candidates et les candidats devront répondre en utilisant une échelle de Lickert (d'accord/neutre/désaccord). Les réponses des candidats aux déclarations seront chargées dans l'outil Boussole électorale. Les électrices et électeurs utiliseront l'outil en entrant leur réponse aux déclarations (d'accord/désaccord/neutre). Les résultats montreront les candidates et les candidats qui correspondent le mieux aux croyances et aux opinions de l'électeur ou de l'électrice.

Pour proposer une déclaration, il suffit d'accéder à [[m:Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Community_Voting/Election_Compass/Statements|cette page Meta-wiki]].

Les 15 meilleures déclarations seront sélectionnées par le comité des élections au début du mois d'août.

Voici le calendrier :

* Du 8 au 20 juillet : les volontaires proposent des déclarations pour la boussole électorale.

* Du 21 au 22 juillet : le comité des élections vérifie que les déclarations sont claires et supprime les déclarations hors sujet.

* Du 23 juillet au 1er août : les volontaires votent les déclarations.

* Du 2 au 4 août : le comité des élections sélectionne les 15 meilleures déclarations.

* Du 5 au 12 août : les candidates et candidats se positionnent par rapport aux déclarations.

* 15 août : ouverture de la boussole électorale afin que les électrices et électeurs puissent l'utiliser pour orienter leur décision de vote.

Le comité des élections supervisera le processus, avec le soutien de l'équipe Stratégie et Gouvernance du Mouvement. Elle vérifiera que les déclarations sont claires, qu'il n'y a pas de doublons, pas de fautes de frappe, etc.

Bien à vous,

L'équipe Stratégie et Gouvernance du Mouvement

''Ce message a été envoyé au nom du groupe de travail pour la sélection des membres du conseil d'administration et du comité des élections''.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:MPossoupe (WMF)|MPossoupe (WMF)]] 11 Jolay 2022 à 16:02 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:MPossoupe (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Strategy_and_Governance/Delivery/fr&amp;oldid=23008845 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;fr&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt; Découvrez les 6 candidat.es présectionné.es pour l'élection 2022 du conseil d'administration de la Wikimedia Foundation&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;fr&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot;/&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Announcing the six candidates for the 2022 Board of Trustees election| Ce message est également traduit dans d'autres langues sur Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Announcing the six candidates for the 2022 Board of Trustees election|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Announcing the six candidates for the 2022 Board of Trustees election}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

Bonjour,

'''Le processus de vote des affiliés est terminé.''' Les représentant.es de chaque organisation affiliée se sont renseigné.es sur les candidat.es en lisant leurs déclarations, en examinant leurs réponses aux questions et en tenant compte de l'évaluation des candidat.es fournie par le comité d'analyse. Les candidat.es sélectionné.es pour le Conseil d'administration 2022 sont :

* Tobechukwu Precious Friday ([[User:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]])
* Farah Jack Mustaklem ([[User:Fjmustak|Fjmustak]])
* Shani Evenstein Sigalov ([[User:Esh77|Esh77]])
* Kunal Mehta ([[User:Legoktm|Legoktm]])
* Michał Buczyński ([[User:Aegis Maelstrom|Aegis Maelstrom]])
* Mike Peel ([[User:Mike Peel|Mike Peel]])

Plus d'informations sur les [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Results|Résultats]] et les [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Stats|statistiques]] de cette élection du Conseil d'administration.

Nous remercions les représentant.es des affiliés et les membres du comité d'analyse pour leur participation à ce processus et pour avoir contribué à accroître la capacité et la diversité du conseil d'administration. Ces heures de travail bénévole nous permettent de mieux comprendre et de mieux appréhender les choses. Nous vous remercions de votre participation.

Merci aux membres de la communauté qui se sont portés candidats au conseil d'administration. Envisager de rejoindre le conseil d'administration n'est pas une décision anodine. Le temps et le dévouement dont les candidats et candidates ont fait preuve jusqu'à présent témoignent de leur engagement envers ce mouvement. Félicitations aux candidat.es qui ont été sélectionné.es. Beaucoup de reconnaissance et de gratitude pour les candidat.es non sélectionné.es. Veuillez continuer à partager votre leadership avec le mouvement Wikimedia.

Merci à celles et ceux qui ont suivi le processus des affiliés lors de cette élection du Conseil. Vous pouvez consulter les résultats du processus de sélection des affiliés.

'''La prochaine étape du processus de l'élection du conseil d'administration est la période de vote de la communauté.''' [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022#Timeline|Vous pouvez consulter le calendrier des élections du conseil d'administration ici]]. Pour vous préparer à la période de vote de la communauté, il y a plusieurs choses que les membres de la communauté sont invités à faire :

* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Candidates|Lire les déclarations des candidat.es]] et lire les réponses des candidat.es aux questions posées par les représentant.es des affiliés.
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Community_Voting/Questions_for_Candidates|Proposer et sélectionner les 6 questions auxquelles les candidats et candidates devront répondre dans leurs vidéos Questions &amp; Réponses]].
* Voir l'[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Candidates|évaluation des candidats par le comité d'analyse sur la base de la déclaration de leurs déclarations]].
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Community Voting/Election Compass|Proposer des déclarations pour la boussole électorale]] que les électeur.trices peuvent utiliser pour identifier les candidat.e.s qui correspondent le mieux à leurs principes.
* Encourager d'autres personnes de votre communauté à participer à l'élection.

Bien à vous,

Stratégie et Gouvernance du Mouvement

''Ce message a été envoyé au nom du groupe de travail sur la sélection des membres du conseil d'administration et du comité des élections''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:MPossoupe (WMF)|MPossoupe (WMF)]] 21 Jolay 2022 à 13:53 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:MPossoupe (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Strategy_and_Governance/Delivery/fr&amp;oldid=23008845 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;fr&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Nouvelles de la Stratégie et de la Gouvernance du Mouvement  – Numéro 7&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;fr&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;msg-newsletter&quot;/&gt;
&lt;div style = &quot;line-height: 1.2&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:200%;&quot;&gt;'''Nouvelles de la Stratégie et de la Gouvernance du Mouvement'''&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:120%; color:#404040;&quot;&gt;'''Numéro 7 - juillet-septembre 2022'''&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:120%; float:right;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7|'''Lire le bulletin complet''']]&lt;/span&gt; 
----
Bienvenue au 7ème numéro des Nouvelles de la stratégie et de la gouvernance du mouvement ! Cette lettre d'information diffuse des nouvelles et des événements pertinents concernant la mise en œuvre des [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy/Initiatives|Recommandations de la stratégie du mouvement]] Wikimedia, d'autres sujets pertinents concernant la gouvernance du mouvement, ainsi que différents projets et activités soutenus par l'équipe Stratégie et Gouvernance du Mouvement (MSG) de la Wikimedia Foundation.  

La lettre d'information MSG est diffusée tous les trimestres, tandis que la [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy/Updates|&quot;Movement Strategy Weekly&quot;]], plus régulière, sera diffusée chaque semaine. N'oubliez pas de vous abonner [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/MSG Newsletter Subscription|ici]] si vous souhaitez recevoir les prochains numéros de cette lettre d'information.
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:3px; padding:10px 10px 10px 20px; background:#fffff; border:2px solid #808080; border-radius:4px; font-size:100%;&quot;&gt; 

* '''Accroître la pérennité de notre mouvement''' : Le rapport annuel sur la durabilité de la Wikimedia Foundation a été publié. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A1|continuer la lecture]])
* '''Améliorer l'expérience utilisateur''' : améliorations récentes de l'interface bureau pour les projets Wikimedia. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A2|continuer la lecture]])
* '''Garantir sécurité et inclusion''' : mise à jour du processus de révision des directives d'application du code de conduite universel. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A3|continuer la lecture]])
* '''Assurer l'équité dans la prise de décision''' : rapports des conversations des Hubs pilotes, progrès récents du Comité de rédaction de la Charte du mouvement, et un nouveau livre blanc pour le futur de la participation au sein mouvement Wikimedia. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A4|continuer la lecture]])
* '''Se coordonner entre parties prenantes''' : lancement d'un service d'aide pour les affiliés et les communautés de volontaires travaillant sur le partenariat de contenu. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A5|continuer la lecture]])
* '''Développement du leadership''' : mises à jour sur les projets de leadership des organisateurs et organisatrices du mouvement Wikimedia au Brésil et au Cap-Vert. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A6|continuer la lecture]])
* '''Gérer notre savoir interne''' : lancement d'un nouveau portail de documentation technique et de ressources communautaires. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A7|continuer la lecture]])
* '''Innover dans la connaissance libre''' : des ressources audiovisuelles de haute qualité pour les expériences scientifiques et une nouvelle boîte à outils pour enregistrer les transcriptions orales. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A8|continuer la lecture]])
* '''Evaluer, itérer et adapter''' : résultats du projet pilote Equity Landscape ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A9|continuer la lecture]])
* '''Autres nouvelles et mises à jour''' : un nouveau forum pour discuter de la mise en œuvre de la stratégie de mouvement, la prochaine élection du conseil d'administration de la Wikimedia Foundation, un nouveau podcast pour discuter de la stratégie du mouvement, et un changement de personnel pour l'équipe Stratégie et Gouvernance du Mouvement de la fondation. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A10|continuer la lecture]])
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;msg-newsletter&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:MPossoupe (WMF)|MPossoupe (WMF)]] 25 Jolay 2022 à 09:33 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:MPossoupe (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Strategy_and_Governance/Delivery/fr&amp;oldid=23008845 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;fr&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt; Report du vote de l'élection 2022 du conseil d'administration de la Wikimedia Foundation&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;fr&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Delay of Board of Trustees election| Ce message est également traduit dans d'autres langues sur Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Delay of Board of Trustees election|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Delay of Board of Trustees election}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

Bonjour,
 
Je vous informe aujourd'hui d'un changement dans le calendrier du vote pour l'élection du conseil d'administration. 
 
Comme beaucoup d'entre vous le savent déjà, nous proposons cette année une [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Community_Voting/Election_Compass|boussole électorale]] pour aider les électeurs et électrices à identifier le positionnement des personnes qui se sont portées candidates sur certains sujets clés. Plusieurs d'entre elles ont demandé une extension de la limite du nombre de caractères pour leurs réponses développant leurs positions, et le comité des élections a estimé que leur raisonnement était conforme aux objectifs d'un processus électoral juste et équitable.  
 
Pour garantir que les déclarations/affirmations les plus longues puissent être traduites à temps pour l'élection, le comité des élections et le groupe de travail pour la sélection des membres du conseil d'administration ont décidé de reporter d'une semaine l'ouverture du vote de l'élection du conseil d'administration - une période proposée comme idéale par l'équipe qui soutient l'élection. 
 
Bien que l'on ne s'attende pas à ce que tout le monde veuille utiliser la boussole électorale pour éclairer sa décision de vote, le comité des élections a estimé qu'il était plus approprié d'ouvrir la période de vote avec des traductions essentielles que les membres de la communauté, quelle que soit leur langue, pourront utiliser s'ils souhaitent prendre cette décision importante.
 
Le vote sera ouvert le 23 août à 00:00 UTC et se terminera le 6 septembre à 23:59 UTC.

Bien à vous,

Matanya, de la part du comité des élections,
&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:MPossoupe (WMF)|MPossoupe (WMF)]] 16 Aogositra 2022 à 12:54 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:MPossoupe (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Strategy_and_Governance/Delivery/fr&amp;oldid=23008845 --&gt;

== Invitation à rejoindre le Forum de la Stratégie du Mouvement ==

Bonjour,

Le [https://forum.movement-strategy.org/ Forum de la Stratégie du Mouvement (MS Forum)] est un espace collaboratif multilingue pour toutes les conversations sur la mise en œuvre de la Stratégie du Mouvement. Nous invitons toutes les personnes du Mouvement à collaborer sur le forum. Le but du forum est de construire une collaboration communautaire en utilisant une plateforme multilingue et inclusive. 

La [[m:Movement_Strategy|Stratégie du Mouvement]] est un effort de collaboration pour imaginer et construire l'avenir du Mouvement Wikimedia. Tout le monde peut contribuer à la Stratégie du mouvement, du simple commentaire au projet à part entière. 

[https://forum.movement-strategy.org/ Rejoignez] ce forum avec votre compte Wikimedia, participez aux conversations et posez des questions dans votre langue. 

L'équipe Stratégie et gouvernance du mouvement (MSG) a lancé la proposition pour ce Forum MS en mai. Après une période d'examen de deux mois, nous venons de publier le [https://forum.movement-strategy.org/t/ms-forum-community-review-report/1436 rapport] de la période de revue de la communauté. Il contient un résumé des discussions, des mesures et des informations sur les prochaines étapes.

Hâte de vous voir sur le Forum !

Meilleures salutations,

[[User:MPossoupe (WMF)|MPossoupe (WMF)]] 19 Aogositra 2022 à 18:24 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message envoyé par User:MPossoupe (WMF)@metawiki en utilisant la liste sur https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Strategy_and_Governance/Delivery/fr&amp;oldid=23008845 --&gt;</text>
      <sha1>j1meknvu6d8euqvxd7b1v7caf26gobg</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Advento</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>253642</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1047042</id>
      <parentid>1012062</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-20T05:59:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Imganinary</username>
        <id>28955</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="9728" xml:space="preserve">[[Sary:Adventskranz-1.Advent.jpg|vignette|274x274px|Satroboninahitry ny Advento]]
Ny '''Advento''' na '''Fiaviana''', ao amin' ny [[Tetiandro litorjika kristiana|tetiandro litorjika]] kristiana, dia fotoana maharitra efatra herinandro mialoha ny [[Noely]] na [[Krismasy]] manomboka amin' ny andro [[Alahady]] manodidina ny 30 Novambra. Fotoana fiomanana alohan' ny fankalazana ny [[Fahaterahan'i Jesoa|nahaterahan' i Jesoa Kristy]] izany. Fiangonana kristiana maro no mitandrina sy mankalaza ny Advento na ny Fiaviana amin' ny maha andro fiandrasana ny fankalazana ny nahaterahan' i Jesoa Kristy (dia ny [[Noely]] na [[Krismasy]]) sy ny [[Fiaviana fanindroany|fiaviany fanindroany]] ety an-tany azy.

Ny Advento no fanombohan' ny [[taom-piangonana]] tandrefana sady manomboka amin' ny Alahady fahefatra alohan' ny Noely na Krismasy, izay atao hoe Alahadin' ny Advento, dia ny Alahady manakaiky ny 30 Novambra (ao amin' ny [[Fiangonana katolika romana|Katôlika rômana]], ny [[Ortodoksa tandrefana|Ôrtôdôksa tandrefana]], ny [[Anglikanisma|Anglikana]], ny [[Loteranisma|Loterana]], ny [[Fiangonana môraviana|Môraviana]], ny [[Presbiterianisma|Presbiteriana]], ny [[Metodisma|Metôdista]]). Raha maharitra efatra herinandro ny fotoam-piandrasana ho an' ny Fiangonana katôlika sy prôtestanta dia enina herinandro kosa ny fari-potoan' ny Advento ho an' ny Fiangonana ôrtôdôksa noho izy ireo mankalaza ny nahaterahan' i Jesoa amin' ny andron' ny [[Epifania]].

Fotoana manetriketrika ny Advento izay anombohan' ny taom-piangonana. Tsy manao fanamasinam-panambadiana ny [[Fiangonana katolika|Fiangonana katôlika]] mandritra io fari-potoan' ny Advento na Fiaviana io&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;&lt;small&gt;&quot;Avent&quot;, ''Microsoft Encarta'' 2009. 1993-2008 Microsoft Corporation.&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;. Ny volomparasy no [[loko litorjika]] ampiasain' ny Fiangonana katôlika sy ny ankabetsahan' ny Fiangonana prôtestanta, nefa ny Fiangonana anglikana sy ny Fiangonana loterana dia mampiasa ny loko manga.

== Fiforonan-teny ==
Ny [[Fiteny latina|teny latina]] hoe ''Adventus'' no nohagasina hoe ''Advento,'' izay midika hoe &quot;fiaviana&quot; na &quot;fahatongavana&quot;. Fotoana fanombohan' ny [[taom-piangonana]] ny Advento. Ny teny latina hoe ''Adventus'' dia nandikana ny [[Fiteny grika|teny grika]] hoe ''parousia'' izay ampiasaina hilazana ny [[Fiaviana fanindroany|Fiavian' i Kristy Fanindroany]].

== Ny lohahevitra amin' ny Alahady efatra ==
Ny fotoan' ny Advento dia misy Alahady efatra amin' ny ankamaroan' ny fiangonana fa enina kosa izany ho an' ny [[Kristianisma ortodoksa|Fiangonana ôrtôdôksa]]. Ao amin' ireo Fiangonana manaraka ny fombam-pivavahana rômana izay ampiasaina indrindra ao amin' ny Eglizy katôlika dia samy manana ny lohahevitra voizina ny Alahady tsirairay.

==== Alahady voalohany ====
[[Sary:The Last Judgement. Jean Cousin..jpg|vignette|254x254px|''Ny Fitsarana farany,'' nataon'i  Jean Cousin]]
Amin' ny Alahady voalohany dia miompana amin' ny fiavian' i Kristy fanindroany ny lohahevitra. Arehitra ny [[labozia]] voalohany amin' io andro io. Ireto ny vakiteny fanao amin' izany:

*[[Bokin'i Isaia|Isaia]] 2.1-5; [[Bokin'ny Salamo|Salamo]] 121 (na 122 amin' ny Baiboly sasany); [[Epistily ho an'ny Romana|Rômana]] 13.11-14; [[Filazantsara araka an'i Matio|Matio]] 24.37-44.
* Isaia. 63.16 - 64.7; Salamo 79.2 (na 80.2 amin' ny Baiboly sasany); [[Epistily voalohany ho an'ny Korintiana|1Kôrintiana]] 1.3-9; [[Filazantsara araka an'i Marka|Marka]] 13. 33-37.
*[[Bokin'i Jeremia|Jeremia]]. 33.14-16; Salamo 24.4 (na 25.4 amin' ny Baiboly sasany); [[Epistily voalohany ho an'ny Tesaloniana|1Tesalôniana]] (na 1Tesalônisiana) 3.12 - 4.9; [[Filazantsara araka an'i Lioka|Lioka]] 21.25-36.

==== Alahady faharoa ====
[[Sary:Pieter Bruegel the Elder - The Sermon of Saint John the Baptist.jpg|vignette|247x247px|''Ny toritenin'i Joany Batista'', nataon'i Pieter Bruegel der Ältere]]
Amin' ny Alahady faharoa dia mampahatsiahy ny toritenin' i [[Joany Batista]] (na [[Jaona mpanao batisa]]), izay tonga &quot;nanamboatra mialoha ny lalan' i [[Iahveh]] (na Jehovah)&quot;, ny famakiana ny [[Filazantsara]] na ny Evanjely. Ny vakiteny hafa dia samy manana ny lohahevitra entiny avy koa. Arehitra ny labozia faharoa amin' io andro io. Ireto ny vakiteny fanao amin' izany:

* Isaia 11.1-10; Salamo 71 (na 72); Rômana 15.4-9; Matio 3.1-12.
* Isaia 40.1-11; Salamo 84 (na 85); [[Epistily voalohany nosoratan'i Petera|2Petera]] (na 2Piera) 3.8-14; Marka 1.1-8.
*[[Bokin'i Baroka|Baroka]] 5.1-9; Salamo 125 (na 126); [[Epistily ho an'ny Filipiana|Filipiana]] 1.4-11; Lioka 3.1-6.

==== Alahady fahatelo ====
Amin' ny Alahady fahatelo dia mbola mikasika an' i Joany Batista ihany ny famakiana ny [[Filazantsara|Evanjely]], ireo vakiteny hafa dia momba ny fifaliana vokatry ny fiavian' ny Mpamonjy. Arehitra ny labozia fahatelo amin' io andro io. Ireto ny vakiteny fanao amin' izany:

* Isaia (na Izaia) 35.1-6a, sy 10; Salamo 145.7-10 (na 146.7-10); [[Epistily nosoratan'i Jakoba|Jakoba]] 5.7-10; Matio 11.2-11.

* Isaia (na Izaia) 61.1-2a, sy 10-11; Lioka 1.46-50, sy 53-55; Tesalônisiana (na Tesalôniana) 5.16-24; [[Filazantsara araka an'i Jaona|Joany]] (na Jaona) 1.6-8, sy 19-28.
*[[Bokin'i Zefania|Zefania]] (na Sôfônia) 3.14-18a; Isaia (na Izaia) 12.2 sy  4-6; Filipiana 4.4-7; Lioka 3.10-18.

==== Alahady fahefatra ====
[[Sary:Gerard Seghers - Dream of St. Joseph.jpg|vignette|244x244px|''Ny nofin'i Josefa'', nataon'i Gerard Seghers, taona 1625-1630.]]
Ny Alahady fahefatra dia ifantohana amin' ny zava-nitranga momba an' i [[Maria (renin'i Jesoa)|Maria]] sy i [[Josefa (vadin'i Maria)|Jôsefa]] izay mitarika mivantana ho amin' ny [[Fahaterahan'i Jesoa|fahaterahan' i Jesoa]], ary ireo vakiteny hafa dia momba izany ihany koa. Arehitra ny labozia fahefatra amin' io andro io. Ireto ny vakiteny fanao amin' izany:

* Isaia (na Izaia) 7.10-16; Salamo 23.1-6 (na 24.1-6). Rômana 1.1-7; Matio 1.18-24.
*[[Boky faharoan'i Samoela|2Samoela]] 7.1-5 sy 8b-12 ary 14-16; Salamo 88.4-5 sy 25-30 (89. 4-5 sy 25-30); Rômana 16.25-27; [[Filazantsara araka an'i Lioka|Lioka]] 1.26-38.
*[[Bokin'i Mikà|Mikà]] (na Mikea) 5.1-4a; Salamo 79.2-3 sy 15-16 ary 18-19 (na 80. 2-3 sy 15-16 ary 18-19); [[Epistily ho an'ny Hebreo|Hebreo]] (na Hebrio) 10.5-10; Lioka 1.39-45.

== Ny labozia sy ny satroboninahitry ny Advento ==

==== Ny isa sy ny lokon' ny labozia ====
[[Sary:Adventkranz andrea.JPG|vignette|247x247px|Satroboninahitry ny Advento sy labozia fanao any Kanada]]
Fanao amin' ny fiangonana toy ny any [[Alemaina]] sy amin' ny faritra sasany ao [[Eorôpa]] ny manantona ilay atao hoe &quot;satroboninahitry ny Advento&quot; na &quot;satroboninahitry ny Fiaviana&quot; izay anampiana labozia iray isan-kerinandro mandra-pahatongany ho efatra amin' ny andron' ny [[Noely]] (na [[Krismasy]])&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;. Matetika dia miloko mena ireo labozia ireo nefa misy ny mampiasa loko hafa toy ny manga, ny mavokely, ny volomparasy sns.

Ao [[Soeda]] dia jiro miloko fotsy no ampiasaina izay mariky ny fahadiovana ary ny satroboninahitra dia atokana ho an' ny fetin' i ''Sankta Lucia'' (Mb. Losia) amin' ny 13 Desambra. Ao [[Kanada]] dia labozia volomparasy telo sy labozia mavokely iray no ampiasaina amin' ny satroboninahitry ny Advento ka ny mavokely tsy arehitra raha tsy amin' ny Alahady fahatelo sady manambara ny fifaliana amin' ny fahataperan' ny fiandrasana. Any [[Aotrisy]] kosa dia miloko volomparasy ny labozia izay mariky ny fivalozana&lt;ref&gt;&lt;small&gt;[https://diocese92.fr/faq/fetes_avent_traditions.htm &quot;Traditions de l'Avent&quot;], Diocèse de Nanterre [[http://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/?url=http%3A%2F%2F92.catholique.fr%2Ffaq%2Ffetes_avent_traditions.htm tahiry]]&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;.

Ny [[Fiangonana ortodoksa tatsinanana|Fiangonana ôrtôdôksa]] dia mampiasa labozia miisa enina indraindray noho ny fotoam-pankalazany ny Fiaviana maharitra enina herinandro.

==== Ny hevitry ny satroboninahitra sy ny labozia ====
Ny satroboninahitry ny Fiaviana dia mampahatsiahy an' i Kristy Mpanjaka sy ilay satro-tsilo natao teo amin' ny lohany tamin' ny fotoana nampijaliana azy. Ny isan-tokantrano koa dia afaka manamboatra satroboninahitry ny Fiaviana izay apetraka eo ambony latabatra na ahantona eo amin' ny varavarana fidirana ho mariky ny fitsenana sy fandraisam-bahiny&lt;ref&gt;&lt;small&gt;[http://www.teteamodeler.com/dossier/noel/couronne-avent.asp &quot;Préparer une couronne de l'Avent&quot;],  ''Tête à  modeler''  [[http://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.teteamodeler.com%2Fdossier%2Fnoel%2Fcouronne-avent.asp tahiry]]&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;. 

Marik' ireo dingana lehibe nanatanterahana ny Famonjena alohan' ny fiavian' ny [[Mesia]] ny labozia: ny voalohany mariky ny famelan-keloka azon' i [[Adama]] sy [[Eva]], ny faharoa mariky ny finoan' i [[Abrahama]] sy ny patriarka hafa izay nino ny fanomezana azy ireo ny Tany nampanantenaina ([[Kanaana (faritra)|Kanaana]]), ny fahatelo mariky ny hafalian' i [[Davida (Baiboly)|Davida]] izay hanan-taranaka tsy ho tapaka sady manambara ny fihavanany amin' Andriamanitra, ary ny fahefatra dia mariky ny fampianaran' ny mpaminany izay nanambara mialoha ny fanjakam-pahamarinana sy fiadanana. Ireo labozia efatra ireo dia mariky ny dingana lalovan' ny tantaran' ny olombelona: ny [[Famoronana (finoana sy fedrà)|Famoronana]] sy ny [[Fahatongavana ho nofo]] sy ny  [[Fanavotana]] tamin' ny fahotana ary ny [[Fitsarana farany]]&lt;ref&gt;&lt;small&gt;[http://www.hic.hr/bozic-hrvata01.htm &quot;Božić u Hrvata&quot;], ''Hrvatski Informativni Centar'' ([http://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hic.hr%2Fbozic-hrvata01.htm tahiry])&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;.

== Jereo koa ==

* [[Krismasy]]
* [[Pentekôsta]]
* [[Paska]] na Paka
* [[Andro niakarana]]
*[[Vanimpotoana Fiavian'ny Tompo (katolika)|Vanimpotoana Fiavian' ny Tompo (katôlika)]]

== Loharano ==</text>
      <sha1>d69bb3d0m239sgs1fxn9sm622qrqbmn</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Ikirun</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>263338</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1047043</id>
      <parentid>969111</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-20T08:51:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Acaalexaca</username>
        <id>22819</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#WPWP #WPWPSR</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="759" xml:space="preserve">{{coord|7.912830|4.667410}}
{{infobox tanàna
|anarana       = Ikirun
|velarantany   =
|faritany      = [[faritany mizaka tenan'i Osun|Osun]]
|isam-ponina   = 134240
|firenena      = {{Nizeria}}
|ben'ny tanàna =
|sary          =Ikirun Post Office - Osun State.jpg
}}

'''Ikirun''' dia tanàna ao amin'ny faritany mizaka tenan'i [[Osun]] ao [[Nizeria]].

== Jeografia ==
Ny isam-ponina dia 134240 mponina tamin'ny taona 2016.&lt;ref name='geocities'&gt;[http://download.geonames.org/export/ Nizeria] ao amin'i geonames.org, novangiana ny 9/ 3/2019 &lt;/ref&gt;

=== Toe-tany ===
{{...}}

== Jereo koa ==
* [[Nizeria]]
** [[Osun]]

== Tsiahy ==
&lt;references/&gt;

{{vangovango|Nizeria}}

[[sokajy:Tanàna ao Nizeria]]
[[sokajy:Tanàna ao amin'ny faritany mizaka tenan'i Osun]]</text>
      <sha1>h75888dcuwobhpyrt60d9gtipguy1e9</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Kônsily faharoa tao Nikea</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>263833</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1047031</id>
      <parentid>971876</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-19T13:03:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Thelezifor</username>
        <id>15140</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>nanova ny anaran'i [[Konsily faharoa tao Nikea]] ho [[Kônsily faharoa tao Nikea]] i Thelezifor</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1339" xml:space="preserve">Ny '''Konsily faharoa tao Nikea''' na '''Konsily faharoa tao Nisea''' dia konsily ekiomenika fahafito teo amin'ny tantaran'ny Fiangonana kristiana izay natao tao Nikea (na Nisea) tamin'ny taona 787. Izany konsily izany dia natao mba hanamelohana ny fanimbana sary masina izay nomena ny anarana hoe ''ikonoklasma''. Io no konsily fahafito. Ny mpomba ny fanimbana ny sary masina dia nilaza fa mifanohitra amin'ny fivavahana kristiana marina ny fampiasana sary hanehoana an'i Kristy sy i [[Maria (renin'i Jesoa)|Maria]] sy ireo olomasina hafa. Nandresy tamin'izany konsily izany ny mpomba ny fampiasana ny sary masina (atao hoe ''ikonodola''). Nekena ny fanajana ny sary masina.

I Irena Ateniana (grika: Ειρήνη η Αθηναία / ''Eirênê ê Athênaia'') no nampanao io konsily io. Izany konsily izany dia nanapaka fa ny voninahitra omena ny sary masina dia tsy ho an'ilay sary fa ho an'ny zavatra asehon'ilay sary. Navahana ny atao hoe adorasiona, izay tsy tokony hatao afa-tsy amin'Andriamanitra, sy ny venerasiona, izay atao amin'ny sary masina na amin'ny sisan-javatra avy amin'ny olo-masina efa maty na amin'ny olo-masina mba hanomezam-boninahitra an'Andriamanitra. Nohelohina ho toy ny mpanda ny fahatongavan'Andriamanitra ho nofo ny mpanimba sary masina (''ikonoklasta'').

== Jereo koa: ==

* [[Konsily voalohany tao Nikea]]</text>
      <sha1>k808br8q1ni3puki71a635akt4fostd</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1047033</id>
      <parentid>1047031</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-19T13:04:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Thelezifor</username>
        <id>15140</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1340" xml:space="preserve">Ny '''Kônsily faharoa tao Nikea''' na '''Konsily faharoa tao Nisea''' dia konsily ekiomenika fahafito teo amin'ny tantaran'ny Fiangonana kristiana izay natao tao Nikea (na Nisea) tamin'ny taona 787. Izany konsily izany dia natao mba hanamelohana ny fanimbana sary masina izay nomena ny anarana hoe ''ikonoklasma''. Io no konsily fahafito. Ny mpomba ny fanimbana ny sary masina dia nilaza fa mifanohitra amin'ny fivavahana kristiana marina ny fampiasana sary hanehoana an'i Kristy sy i [[Maria (renin'i Jesoa)|Maria]] sy ireo olomasina hafa. Nandresy tamin'izany konsily izany ny mpomba ny fampiasana ny sary masina (atao hoe ''ikonodola''). Nekena ny fanajana ny sary masina.

I Irena Ateniana (grika: Ειρήνη η Αθηναία / ''Eirênê ê Athênaia'') no nampanao io konsily io. Izany konsily izany dia nanapaka fa ny voninahitra omena ny sary masina dia tsy ho an'ilay sary fa ho an'ny zavatra asehon'ilay sary. Navahana ny atao hoe adorasiona, izay tsy tokony hatao afa-tsy amin'Andriamanitra, sy ny venerasiona, izay atao amin'ny sary masina na amin'ny sisan-javatra avy amin'ny olo-masina efa maty na amin'ny olo-masina mba hanomezam-boninahitra an'Andriamanitra. Nohelohina ho toy ny mpanda ny fahatongavan'Andriamanitra ho nofo ny mpanimba sary masina (''ikonoklasta'').

== Jereo koa: ==

* [[Konsily voalohany tao Nikea]]</text>
      <sha1>rj2fjyn5dgnp8yu0vt5ece0uxn9fnvf</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1047034</id>
      <parentid>1047033</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-19T13:07:58Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Thelezifor</username>
        <id>15140</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1384" xml:space="preserve">Ny '''Kônsily faharoa tao Nikea''' na '''Kônsily faharoa tao Nisea''' dia kônsily ekiomenika fahafito teo amin' ny tantaran' ny Fiangonana kristiana izay natao tao Nikea (na Nisea) tamin' ny taona 787. Izany kônsily izany dia natao mba hanamelohana ny fanimbana sary masina izay nomena ny anarana hoe ''ikônôklasma''. Io no kônsily fahafito. Ny mpomba ny fanimbana ny sary masina dia nilaza fa mifanohitra amin' ny fivavahana kristiana marina ny fampiasana sary hanehoana an' i [[Jesoa|Kristy]] sy i [[Maria (renin'i Jesoa)|Maria]] sy ireo olo-masina hafa. Nandresy tamin' izany kônsily izany ny mpomba ny fampiasana ny sary masina (atao hoe ''ikônôdola''). Nekena ny fanajana ny sary masina.

I Irena Ateniana (grika: Ειρήνη η Αθηναία / ''Eirênê ê Athênaia'') no nampanao io kônsily io. Izany kônsily izany dia nanapaka fa ny voninahitra omena ny sary masina dia tsy ho an' ilay sary fa ho an' ny zavatra asehon' ilay sary. Navahana ny atao hoe adôrasiôna, izay tsy tokony hatao afa-tsy amin' Andriamanitra, sy ny venerasiôna, izay atao amin' ny sary masina na amin' ny sisan-javatra avy amin' ny olo-masina efa maty na amin' ny olo-masina mba hanomezam-boninahitra an' Andriamanitra. Nohelohina ho toy ny mpanda ny fahatongavan' Andriamanitra ho nofo ny mpanimba sary masina (''ikônôklasta'').

== Jereo koa: ==

* [[Kônsily voalohany tao Nikea]]</text>
      <sha1>256sivvv6uy430fuud6z4eqn151x16x</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1047037</id>
      <parentid>1047034</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-19T13:58:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Thelezifor</username>
        <id>15140</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1450" xml:space="preserve">Ny '''Kônsily faharoa tao Nikea''' na '''Kônsily faharoa tao Nisea''' dia [[kônsily ekiomenika]] fahafito teo amin' ny tantaran' ny [[Kristianisma|Fiangonana kristiana]] izay natao tao [[Nikea]] (na Nisea) tamin' ny taona 787. Izany [[kônsily]] izany dia natao mba hanamelohana ny [[fanimbana sary masina]] izay nomena ny anarana hoe ''ikônôklasma''. Io no kônsily fahafito. Ny mpomba ny fanimbana ny sary masina dia nilaza fa mifanohitra amin' ny fivavahana kristiana marina ny fampiasana sary hanehoana an' i [[Jesoa|Kristy]] sy i [[Maria (renin'i Jesoa)|Maria]] sy ireo olo-masina hafa. Nandresy tamin' izany kônsily izany ny mpomba ny fampiasana ny sary masina (atao hoe ''ikônôdola''). Nekena ny fanajana ny sary masina.

I [[Irena Ateniana]] (grika: Ειρήνη η Αθηναία / ''Eirênê ê Athênaia'') no nampanao io kônsily io, izay nanapaka fa ny voninahitra omena ny sary masina dia tsy ho an' ilay sary fa ho an' ny zavatra asehon' ilay sary. Navahana ny atao hoe [[adôrasiôna]], izay tsy tokony hatao afa-tsy amin' Andriamanitra, sy ny [[venerasiôna]], izay atao amin' ny sary masina na amin' ny sisan-javatra avy amin' ny olo-masina efa maty na amin' ny olo-masina mba hanomezam-boninahitra an' Andriamanitra. Nohelohina ho toy ny mpanda ny [[Fahatongavana ho nofo (kristianisma)|fahatongavan' Andriamanitra ho nofo]] ny mpanimba sary masina (''ikônôklasta'').

== Jereo koa: ==

* [[Kônsily voalohany tao Nikea]]</text>
      <sha1>o2zacno0gz6lx8ij4hvssibf02c0d7w</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Neôplatônisma</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>264192</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1047028</id>
      <parentid>973751</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-19T12:05:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Thelezifor</username>
        <id>15140</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>nanova ny anaran'i [[Neoplatonisma]] ho [[Neôplatônisma]] i Thelezifor</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4048" xml:space="preserve">Ny '''neoplatonisma''' dia firehana ara-[[Filozofia|pilozofia]] sy ara-panahy novolavolain'ny fiolozofa platonisiana tamin'ny faramparan'ny [[Andro Taloha]], izay miavaka noho ny fanomezany lanja ny Foto-javatra Voalohany (grika: ''Ἀρχή / Arkhê''), dia ny Iray (grika: ''τὸ Ἕν / to Hen''), amin'ny sehatry ny [[metafizika]], sy noho ny fahatsapana mistika. Nampandroso ny neoplatonisma i Plotinosy sy i Porfiriosy  sy i Proklosy ary i Jamblikosy (na Iamblikosy) ka niteraka fandraiketana ny fisainan'i Platona izany. Nisy akony lehibe teo amin'ny filozofia jiosy sy ny filozofia kristiana ary ny filozofia silamo ny neoplatonisma ary nisy fiantraikany teo amin'ny filozofa toa an'i Hegel sy i Schelling koa ny neoplatonisma.

I [[Filona avy any Aleksandria]] (taona 20 tal. J.K. - 45 taor. J.K.) no mpialoha lalana io fihetsiketsehana io tamin'ny taona 40 taor. J.K., avy eo nandroso tao Roma izany nanomboka tamin'ny taona 232 vokatry ny asa soratr'i Amoniosy Sakasy  (taona 175 - 242 taor. J.K.), mpampianatran'i Plotinosy (taona 205 - 270 taor&lt;abbr&gt;. J.K.&lt;/abbr&gt;), ary ny mpianatr'ity farany ity, dia i Porfiriosy (taona 234 – 310 taor. J.K.) sy i Iamblikosy (taona  250 - 330 taor. J.K.). Ny neoplatonisma dia filozofia tena niantraika tamin'ny Andro Taloha, niaraka tamin'ireo mpanohy azy toa an'i Proklosy (taona 412 - 485 taor. J.K.) hatramin'ny nanaovana sessitany ireo mpanaraka azy toa an'i Damaskiosy (taona 460 - 537 taor. J.K.) sy i Simplikiosy avy any Kilikia (taona 480 - 549 taor. J.K.) tamin'ny taona 529, noho ny fanakatonan'i emperora Jostiniano ny sekoly sy ny toeram-panompoam-pivavahana sasany.

== Foto-pampianarana ==
Araka ny neoplatonisma, ny fototr'izao rehetra izao dia ny Iray (grika: ''τὸ Ἕν'' / ''to Hen''), tsiefa, tsy azo fantarina sy tongalafatra. Ny filozofia dia manao izay hahatongavana any amin'ny Iray amin'ny alalan'ny dialektika araka ny ahafantarana azy ao amin'ny ''Parmenidesy'' (grika: ''Παρμενίδης'' / ''Parmenides'') nosoratan'i Platona. Miainga amin'ny fehezankevitra fototra hoe &quot;Ny misy dia Iray&quot; ny filozofa neoplatonisiana, avy eo mizarazara an'izany araka ny fisehony isan-karazany, ary mandinika ny fiantraikan'izy ireo tsirairay sy ny fiantraikan'ny fandavana azy ireo tsirairay.

Maro ireo dingam-pisiana mivoaka avy amin'ny Iray. Ny ambony indrindra dia ny ''νοῦς'' / ''noûs'' (&quot;fanahy&quot;) na haranitan-tsaina tsy mifangaro. Avy aminy no nipoiran'ny fanahin'izao rehetra izao (grika: ''ψυχὴ κόσμου'' / ''psuchè kósmou''), izay nanao asa famoronana niteraka ireo fanahy ao amin'ny dingana ambany, dia ny fanahin'ny olombelona. Ny fanahin'izao tontolo izao dia heverina ho sahala amin'ny sarin'ny ''noûs'', amin'ny maha sarin'ny Iray ny ''noûs''. Na dia mifanalavitra aza ny fanahy ''noûs'' (''νοῦς'') sy ny fanahin'izao tontolo izao (''ψυχὴ κόσμου'') dia samy ahitana fiziana (grika: ''οὐσία'' / ''ousia'') tokana, ary miray fiziana amin'ny Iray.

Amin'ny maha mpanelanelana ny fanahin'izao tontolo izao eo anelanelan'ny ''noûs'' sy ny tontolon'ny raha, dia afaka misafidy ny fitehirizana ny maha izy azy manontolo sy ny fahatongalafatry ny sariny ny fanahin'izao tontolo izao, na misafidy ny fahasimbana vokatry ny filàm-pahafinaretana sy ny fahalovana. Izany safidy izany ihany no ananan'ny fanahy tsirairay ao amin'ny dingana ambany. Ny tsy fahalalan'ny fanahin'olombelona (''ψυχὴ'') ny tena fombany (toetrany) sy ny tena maha izy azy dia miteraka fahatsapana fisarahana sy fahaleovan-tena, izay mitarika azy amin'ny fianjonanjonana sy ny fahatokisan-tena be loatra. Araka ny hevitr'ireo filozofa neoplatonisiana dia azo atao mandrakariva ny mamonjy ny fanahy toy izany, indrindra noho io fahalalahan'ny sitrapo izay ahafahany misafidy ny lalan'ny raha io. Ny fanahin'izao tontolo izao dia tokony hampifamadika ny safidiny mba hiverina amin'ireo loharano nipoirany. Izany asa fanakambanana indray izany dia tanteraka amin'ny alalan'ny fahatsapana mistika sady atao hoe &quot;fiovam-piainana&quot;.
[[Sokajy:Filôzôfia]]</text>
      <sha1>m8lzltxy7n3lt22ye6ui7syrpdhn1jc</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Zalenn</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>278113</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1047039</id>
      <parentid>1036882</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-19T15:45:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <ip>37.167.93.251</ip>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2593" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox olona|anarana=Christophe Zanellato Luigi Mamy|teraka=13 aprily 2000|asa=DJ; Artista|sary=Zalenn Shooting 2018.jpg|firenena=Malagasy}}
'''Zalenn''', tena anarany '''Christophe Zanellato''', teraka tamin'ny 13 aprily 2000 tany [[Toamasina|Toamasina,]] avy amina reny [[Madagasikara|malagasy]] sy raim-pianakaviana [[Italia|italianina]].&lt;ref&gt;https://lexpress.mg/20/11/2019/animation-zalenn-valeur-montante-a-lechelle-internationale/&lt;/ref&gt;  

Izy, mpamorona ary mpamokatra mozika.

== Biography ==
Zalenn dia nanomboka namorona mozika tamin'ny faha-12 taonany, saingy tsy nanomboka nipoitra hatramin'ny 4 taona taty aoriana tamin'ny taona 2016 . 

Izy dia nanomboka namoaka hira toy ny &quot;Lemurs&quot;, &quot;Anakao&quot; na na &quot;A Red Flowers aza&quot; tamin'ny fiaraha-miasa amin'i Loadjaxx izay nilalao matetika tao amin'ny Fun Radio an'i DJette Maeva Carter nandritra ny fampisehoana &quot;Party Fun&quot;  na na Mike Williams    tao amin'ny Ministeran'ny Feo  . 

Tamin'ny taona 2018, taorian'ny andrana maro tamin'ny mozika elektronika isan-karazany, Zalenn dia nandefa ny ''Let You Go'' to the ''BBC introducing'', tranonkala BBC ho an'ny tanora mpanakanto tsy manana fifanarahana firaketana. Notsipihiny mivantana ny BBC an'i Devon izay miantso ny &quot;famoahana ny herinandro&quot; . 

Tamin'ny taona 2020, nanao sonia remix voalohany tao amin'ny Warner Music Group  ho an'ny DJ / Producer Feder sy ny lohateniny ''hoe Girl Girl'', aorian'ny famoahana ny ''antso'' tokana vaovaony izay hanangana ny #SlurpCallChokene ao amin'ny sosialy TikTok. 


=== DNA ===
Tamin'ny taona 2018, nofeheziny ny daty nilalao Disneyland teo anilan'ny mpanakanto pop frantsay, avy eo niaraka tamin'i Joachim Garraud tao amin'ny Elektric Park Festival koa ny artista hafa tao amin'ny Amsterdam Dance Event nandritra ny Press Start. Avy eo izy dia mamela ny feon-tsofina mandritra ny fampisehoany ny tontolony misy feo sy fahitana manokana antsoina hoe ADN. 

== Hira ==

=== EP ===

* 2020   : DARK DNA

=== tokan-tena ===

* 2016   : ''Lemurs'' (Productions nosikely) 
* 2016   : ''Anakao'' (Productions Black Island) 
* 2017   : ''A Red Flower''
* 2018   : ''Let You Go'' 
* 2018   : Honest (ft. Ebby)
* 2019   : ''Nahana (ft.'' ''Gold N)'' (Zalenn Music) 
* 2020   : ''Feder - That Girl'' (Zalenn Remix) ( Warner Music Group )
* 2020   : Call (Playpack Records)
* 2020 : Covers 
* 2020   : Call You Back (Playpack Records)
* 2021 : Energy (Playpack Records)
* 2021 : Good Vibes (DNA OF ZALENN)
* 2021 : Ate Up All Their Cake (Playpack Records)
* 2022 : Thousand Years

== Fanamarihana sy hevitra ==
[[Sokajy:Hira]]
[[Sokajy:Hira electro]]</text>
      <sha1>7kegw0adx1ho9p09292kh0ks405ulw2</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Paganisma</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>281709</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1047041</id>
      <parentid>1047002</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-20T04:29:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Thelezifor</username>
        <id>15140</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2692" xml:space="preserve">Ny '''paganisma''', amin' ireo [[Tantaran' ny kristianisma|Kristianina voalohany]] tamin' ny taonjato faha-4, dia ny fivavahana rehetra tao amin' ny [[Empira Rômana]] izay nanompo [[Andriamanitra (ankapobeny)|andriamanitra]] maro ([[Pôliteisma|pôliteista]]), na [[fivavaham-poko]] ankoatry ny [[jodaisma]]. Avy amin' ny [[Teny latina|teny latinina]] hoe ''pāgānus'' izay midika hoe &quot;ambanivohitra&quot; na &quot;tambanivohitra&quot; sy taty aoriana &quot;sivily&quot; ny teny [[Fanagasiana|nogasina]] hoe ''paganisma''. Tamin' ny andron' ny Empira Rômana, ny olona dia voasokajy ao amin' ny kilasin' ny '''Pagàna''', noho izy ireo niha tambanivohitra sy niha mponin' ny faritany ivelan' ny renivohitra, raha oharina amin' ny mponina kristiana, na noho izy ireo tsy ''milites Christi'' (&quot;miaramilan' i Kristy&quot;). Ny [[sorona]] ara-pombafomba dia ampahany manan-danja amin' ny fivavahana grekô-rômana fahiny ary noheverina ho famantarana raha Pagàna na Kristiana ny olona iray. Ny paganisma dia nilazana indrindra ny &quot;fivahan' ny tantsaha&quot;.

Nandritra ny [[Andro Antenatenany]] sy taorian' ny Andro Antenatenany, ny teny hoe ''paganisma'' dia nampiharina tamin' ny fivavahana tsy kristiana rehetra, ary noheverina ho manondro ny fivavahana amin' [[andriamani-tsy izy]] ilay teny.

Iadian-kevitra ny niandohan' ny fampiasana ny teny hoe ''pagàna'' hiazana ny pôliteisma. Tamin' ny taonjato faha-19, ny teny hoe ''paganisma'' dia noraisin' ireo vondro-mpanakanto isan-karazany izay naka aingam-panahy avy amin' ny [[Andro Taloha|Tontolo Taloha]] hanondroany ny tenany. Tamin' ny taonjato faha-20, dia nanjary nampiharin' ireo mpanaraka ny [[neôpaganisma]] sy ny [[hetsika neôpagàna]] ary ireo [[Fiverenana amin' ny pôliteisma|mpamerina indray ny pôliteisma]] ho famaritana ny tenany. Matetika ny fanao ao amin' ny paganisma môderina dia mampiditra finoana na fanao, toy ny [[fivavahana amin' ny zavaboary]], izay tsy mitovy amin' ny an' ireo fivavahana lehibe indrindra eran-tany.

Ny fahalalana ankehitriny momba ny fivavahana sy ny finoan' ny Pagàna taloha dia avy amin' ny loharano maro, anisan' izany ny firahetana ny saham-pikarohan' ny [[antrôpôlôjia]], sy ny zavatra hitan' ny [[arkeôlôjia]], ary ny fitantaran' ireo mpanoratra fahiny momba ny kolontsaina fantatra tamin' ny [[Andro Taloha Klasika]] (taonjato faha-8 tak. JK. sy ny taonjato faha-6 taor. J.K.).

Ny ankamaroan' ny fivavavahana neôpagàna amin' izao fotoana izao dia maneho fomba fijery [[Panteisma|panteista]], [[Panenteisma|panenteista]], [[Pôliteisma|pôliteista]] na [[Animisma|animista]] an' izao tontolo izao, fa ny sasany dia [[Mônôteisma|mônôteista]].

== Jereo koa ==

* [[Fanompoan-tsampy]]
* [[Neôpaganisma]]</text>
      <sha1>r9w30bjzz5tn4dwjozib1xhzgjiqqk5</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Tantaran' ny kristianisma</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>281713</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1047030</id>
      <parentid>1046963</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-19T12:35:59Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Thelezifor</username>
        <id>15140</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="63497" xml:space="preserve">Ny '''tantaran' ny kristianisma''' dia mahakasika ny [[Kristianisma|fivavahana kristiana]], ny [[firenena kristiana]], ary ny [[Kristianina|Kristiana]] miaraka amin' ny antokom-pinoana kristiana samihafa, nanomboka tamin' ny [[Kristiana tamin' ny taonjato voalohany|taonjato voalohany]] ka hatramin' izao.

Ny kristianisma dia niainga tamin' ny asa fanompoana nataon' i [[Jesoa]] (na [[Jesosy]]),  izay Jiosy mpampianatra sy mpanasitrana, nanambara ny maha efa akaiky ny [[fanjakan' Andriamanitra]] ary [[Fanomboana an' i Jesoa|nohomboana]] tamin' ny [[hazo fijaliana]] tamin' ny taona 30–33 taor. J.K. tao [[Jerosalema (Andro Taloha)|Jerosalema]] tao [[Jodea]] izay faritany rômana. Mino ny mpanara-dia azy fa, araka ny [[Filazantsara]] na [[Evanjely]] dia [[Zanak'Andriamanitra (kristianisma)|Zanak' Andriamanitra]] izy ary maty ho famelan-keloka ary [[Fitsanganan' i Jesoa ho velona|natsangana tamin' ny maty]] sy nasandratr' Andriamanitra, ary hiverina tsy ho ela amin' ny fiandohan' ny fanjakan' Andriamanitra.

Ny mpanara-dia an' i Jesoa voalohany indrindra dia ireo [[Jodeô-kristianisma|Kristiana jiosy]] [[Apôkaliptisisma|apôkaliptika]]. Ny fampidirana ny [[Jentily]] na [[Jentilisa]] ao amin' ny Fiangonana kristiana voalohany izay an-dalam-pandrosoana dia niteraka fisarahana teo amin' ny [[jodaisma]] sy ny kristianisma jiosy nandritra ireo taonjato roa voalohany tamin' ny [[vanim-potoana kristiana]]. Tamin' ny taona 313, ny emperora [[Kônstantino I]] dia namoaka ny [[Didy tao Milano]] izay naha ara-dalàna ny fivavahana kristiana. Tamin' ny taona 380, niaraka tamin’ny [[Didy tao Tesalônika]] navoaka teo ambany fitarihan' i [[Teôdôsiosy I|Teôdôsiôsy I]], ny [[Empira Rômana]] dia nandray tamin' ny fomba ôfisialy ny [[Trinite|kristianisma trinitariana]] ho [[fivavaham-panjakana]], ary ny kristianisma dia nametraka ny tenany ho fivavahana rômanina nanjaka tao amin' ny Fiangonan' ny Empira Rômana. Ny adihevitra [[Kristôlôjia|kristôlôjika]] momba ny maha-olombelona sy ny maha-Andriamanitra an' i Jesoa dia nandreraka ny ny Fiangonana kristiana nandritra ny taonjato roa, ary ny [[kônsily ekiomenika]] fito dia natao mba hamahàna ireo adihevitra ireo. Nomelohina ny [[Arianisma (teôlôjia)|arianisma]] nandritra amin' ny [[Kônsily voalohany tao Nikea]] (taona 325), izay nanohana ny fampianarana momba ny Trinite izay nohazavaina tao amin' ny [[Fanekem-pinoana nikeana]].

Tany am-piandohan' ny [[Andro Antenatenany]], ny [[Fitoriana ny Filazantsara|asa fitoriana]] nataon' ny misiônera dia nampiely ny kristianisma tany Andrefana teo amin' ireo [[Jermanika|vahoaka jermanika]]. Nandritra ny [[Andro Antenatenany Ambony]] (manodidina ny taona 1000 hatramin' ny 1250) dia nisaraka ny [[Kristianisma Tatsinanana|kristianisma tatsinanana]] sy [[Kristianisma Tandrefana|kristianisma tandrefana]], ka nitarika ho amin' ny Fisarahan' ny [[Fiangonana Tatsinanana sy Tandrefana]] tamin' ny taona 1054. Nitombo ny fanakianana ny rafi-piangonana katôlika rômana sy ny fitondran-tena tao aminy ka nitarika ny hetsika prôtestanta tamin' ny taonjato faha-16 sy ny fivakisan' ny kristianisma tandrefana. Nanomboka tamin' ny vanim-potoan' ny Renaissance, miaraka amin' ny [[fanjanahan-tany]] izay nentanin' ny Fiangonana, dia niely eran' izao tontolo izao ny kristianisma. Amin' izao fotoana izao dia misy Kristiana maherin' ny 2&amp;nbsp;000 tapitrisa eran-tany, ary ny kristianisma no lasa fivavahana lehibe indrindra eran-tany. Tao anatin' ny taonjato farany, rehefa nihena ny fitaoman' ny kristianisma tany Andrefana, dia nitombo haingana izany tany Atsinanana sy tany amin' ny faritra Atsimo amin' ny Tany; any [[Repoblika Entim-Bahoakan' i Sina|Sina]], any [[Kôrea Atsimo]] ary any amin' ny ankamaroan' ny firenena aty [[Afrika atsimon' i Sahara]].

== Fiandohana ==

=== Fiaviana jiosy-helenista ===
Ny zava-nisy ara-pivavahana sy ara-tsôsialy ary ara-pôlitika tany [[Jodea]] nofehezin' ny Rômana tamin' ny taonjato voalohany sy tany amin' ireo faritany mifanolo-bodirindrina aminy dia tena samy hafa ary tsy mitsaha-mitombo ny korontana ara-tsôsialy sy ara-pôlitika, [1][22][23] miaraka amin' ny hetsika jodaika maro izay samy mahakasika ny fivavahana sy ny pôlitika. [24] I [[Flavio Jôsefa]] mpahay tantara rômana sy jiosy fahiny, dia nanoritsoritra ny amin' ny sekta efatra nisongadina indrindra tao anatin’ ny jodaisma nandritra ny vanimpotoan’ ny Tempoly Faharoa: ny [[Fariseo]] (na Fariziina), ny [[Sadoseo]] (na Sadoseana) ny [[Eseniana]], ary ny “[[Filôzôfia Fahefatra (jodaisma)|Filôzôfia Fahefatra]]” tsy fantatra anarana,[25] izay eken’ ny mpahay tantara môderna ho tsy iza fa ny [[Zelôta]] sy ny [[Sikary]] [26]. Tamin' ny taonjato voalohany tal. J.K. sy tamin' ny taonjato voalohany taor. J.K. dia nanana mpitondra fivavahana karismatika maro nandray anjara tamin' izay ho lasa mishnah ny jodaisma rabinika, anisan' izany ny olon-kendry jiosy Yohanan ben Zakkai sy Hanina ben Dosa. Ny mesianisma jiosy, sy ny foto-kevitry ny Mesia jiosy, dia avy amin' ny [[literatiora apôkaliptika]] novokarina teo anelanelan' ny taonjato faha-2 tal. J.K. sy tamin' ny taonjato voalohany tal. J.K., [27] mampanantena mpitarika &quot;voahosotra&quot; ho avy ([[mesia]] na mpanjaka) avy amin' i [[Davida (mpanjaka)|Davida]] mba hanangana ny [[Fanjakan' Andriamanitra|Fanjakan’ Andriamanitra]] israelita, ho solon’ ireo mpitondra hafa firenena tamin’ izany fotoana izany.[1]

=== Asa fanompoan' i Jesoa ===
Ny loharanom-baovao lehibe indrindra momba ny fiainan’ i [[Jesoa]] sy ny fampianarany dia ny [[Filazantsara]] (na Evanjely) kanônika efatra, ary amin’ ny ampahany kely dia ny [[Asan' ny Apôstôly|Asan’ ny Apôstôly]] sy ny [[Epistilin' i Paoly|epistilin’ i Paoly]]. Araka ny voalazan’ ny Filazantsara dia [[Zanak' Andriamanitra]] i Jesoa izay [[Fanomboana an' i Jesoa|nohomboana tamin' ny hazo fijaliana]] manodidina ny taona 30–33 taor. J.K. tany [[Jerosalema]].[1] Nino ny mpanara-dia azy fa [[Fitsanganan' i Jesoa ho velona|natsangana tamin’ ny maty]] izy ary nasandratr’ Andriamanitra, nitory ny Fanjakan’ Andriamanitra ho avy.[1]

== Kristianisma voalohany ==
Ny kristianisma voalohany (manodidina ny taona 31/33–324) amin' ny ankapobeny dia raisin’ ny mpahay tantaran’ ny fiangonana manomboka amin’ ny fanompoan’ i Jesoa (manodidina ny taona 27–30) ary nifarana tamin’ ny [[Kônsily voalohany tao Nikea]] (taona 325). Matetika izy io dia mizara ho vanim-potoana roa: ny vanim-potoana apôstôlika (taona 30–100 any ho any, fony mbola velona ny [[Apôstôly roa ambin' ny folo|Apôstôly]] voalohany) sy ny vanim-potoana ante-nikeana (taona 100–325 tany ho any).[28]

=== Andro Apôstôlika ===
Ny vanim-potoana apôstôlika dia nomena ny anaran' ny [[Apôstôly roa ambin' ny folo|Apôstôly]] sy ny asa fitoriana nataon' izy ireo. Izy io dia manana dikany manokana amin' ny lova kristiana amin' ny maha-andron' ny Apôstôlin' i Jesoa mivantana azy ireo. Loharanom-baovao voalohany ho an' ny vanim-potoanan' ny Apôstôly ny [[Asan' ny Apôstôly]], saingy niadian-kevitra ny fahamarinany ara-tantara ary ny fari-potoana voarakony dia ampahany, izay mifantoka indrindra amin' ny Asan' ny Apôstôly toko faha-15[29] hatrany amin' ny asa fanompoan' i [[Paoly (apôstôly)|Paoly]], ary nifarana tamin' ny 62 taor. J.K. tamin' ny fitorian' i Paoly tany [[Rôma Taloha|Rôma]] izay nigadrany tao an-tranomaizina.

Ny mpanara-dia an' i Jesoa voalohany indrindra dia sekta nisy ny [[Kristiana jiosy apôkaliptika]] tao anatin' ny [[jodaisman' ny Tempoly Faharoa]].[1][30][31][32][33] Ireo antokon’ olona kristiana tany am-boalohany ireo dia tena [[Jiosy]], toy ny [[Ebiônita]], [30] sy ny fiangonana kristiana voalohany tany [[Jerosalema]], izay notarihan’ i [[Jakoba ilay Marina|Jakoba Ilay Marina]], rahalahin’ i Jesoa.[34] Araka ny Asan’ ny Apôstôly toko fa-9, [35] dia nilaza ny tenany ho “mpianatry ny Tompo” sy [mpanara-dia] “ny Lalana” izy ireo, ary araka ny Asan’ ny Apôstôly toko faha-11, [36] dia ny vondron’ ny mpianatra nanorim-ponenana tany [[Antiôkia]] no nantsoina voalohany amin' ny anarana hoe “''Kristiana”''. Ny sasany tamin' ireo vondrom-piarahamonina kristiana voalohany ireo dia nahasarika an' ireo olona antsoina hoe &quot;[[Matahotra an' Andriamanitra|natahotra an' Andriamanitra]]&quot;, izany hoe ireo Grekô-Rômana niray fo tamin' ny jodaisma nefa tsy nety niova finoana ho amin' izany fivavahana izany fa nitazona ny maha [[Jentilisa]] na Jentily (tsy Jiosy, tsy Jody) azy, izay efa nitsidika [[sinagôga]] jiosy.[37][38] Niteraka olana ny fampidirana ny Jentilisa, satria tsy afaka nitandrina tsara ny [[Halakà]] izy ireo. I Saoly avy any Tarsosy, izay fantatra amin’ ny anarana hoe Paoly Apôstôly, dia nanenjika ny Kristiana jiosy tany am-boalohany, nefa niova fo taty aoriana sy nanomboka nanao ny asa nanirahana azy tany amin’ ny Jentilisa[37]. Ny tena zava-dehibe amin’ ny [[Epistilin'i Paoly|taratasin' i Paoly]] dia ny fampidirana ny Jentilisa ao amin’ ny [[Fanekem-pihavanana vaovao]]&lt;nowiki/&gt;n’ Andriamanitra, izay mandefa hafatra fa ny finoana an’ i Kristy dia ampy hahazoana ny [[famonjena]][37][39][40]. Noho io fampidirana ny Jentilisa io dia niova ny toetran' ny kristianisma voalohany ary nitombo tsikelikely ivelan' ny [[jodaisma]] nandritra ny taonjato roa voalohany amin' ny vanim-potoana kristiana.[37] Nanao tonon-tsiahy lovantsofina i Eosebio sy Epifanio avy any Salamisy, izay [[Rain' ny Fiangonana]], tamin’ ny taonjato fahefatra, fa talohan’ ny nandravana an’ i [[Jerosalema]] tamin’ ny taona 70, dia nampitandremina tamin’ ny fomba mahagaga ny Kristiana tao Jerosalema mba handositra ho any Pela, any amin’ ny faritr’ i [[Dekapôlisy]], any ampitan’ ny ony [[Jordana (ony)|Jôrdana]].[41]

Ny [[Filazantsara]] sy ny [[Epistily]] ao amin' ny [[Testamenta Vaovao]] dia mirakitra ireo fiekem-pinoana sy fihirana tany am-boalohany, ary koa ny fitantarana momba ny [[fijalian' i Jesoa]], ny [[fasana foana]] ary ny fisehoan' i Jesoa taorin' ny [[Fitsanganan' i Jesoa ho velona|fitsanganany amin' ny maty]][43]. Ny kristianisma tany am-boalohany dia niely hatrany tamin' ny mpino tao amin' ireo vahoaka [[Fiteny arameana|miteny arameana]] teny amin' ny tany manamorona ny [[Ranomasina Mediteranea]] ary koa tany amin' ny faritra afovoan' ny [[Empira Rômana]] sy tany amin' ny faritra hafa, tany amin' ny [[Empira Partiana]] sy ny [[Empira Sasaniana]] tatỳ aoriana, anisan' izany i [[Mesôpôtamia]], izay nanjakan' ireo empira ireo tamin' ny vanim-potoana samihafa.[44]

=== Vanim-potoana ante-nikeana ===
Ny vanim-potoana talohan' ny [[Kônsily voalohany tao Nikea|Kônsily tao Nikea]] (na Nisea) dia vanim-potoana taorian' ny vanim-potoana apôstôlika ka hatramin' ity [[kônsily]] ity tamin' ny taona 325. Tamin' ny fiandohan' ny vanim-potoana nikeana niely nanerana an' i [[Eorôpa Andrefana]] sy ny Lemaka Mediteraneana ary any [[Afrika Avaratra]] sy [[Afrika Atsinanana|Atsinanana]] ny finoana. Nisy rafitry ny Fiangonana ara-dalàna kokoa nipoitra avy tamin’ ireo vondrom-piarahamonina tany am-boalohany, ary nivelatra ny [[foto-pampianarana]] kristiana samihafa. Nihataka tamin’ ny [[jodaisma]] ny [[kristianisma]], ka namorona ny maha-izy azy manokana tamin’ ny alalan’ ny fandavana mafy ny jodaisma sy ny fanao jiosy.

==== Fampandrosoana ny rafi-piangonana ====
Nitombo teo amin' ny 40% teo ho eo isan-taona ny isan' ny Kristiana nandritra ny taonjato voalohany sy faharoa.[45] Tao amin' ny fiangonana taorian' ny Apôstôly dia nisy ambaratongam-pitondram-pivavahana nipoitra tsikelikely satria ny mpiandraikitra ny vahoaka kristiana an-tanàn-dehibe dia naka endrika &quot;''episkopoi''&quot; (mpiandraikitra; niandohan' ny teny hoe &quot;eveka&quot; sy &quot;episkôpaly&quot;) sy &quot;''presbyter''&quot; (loholona; niandohan' ny teny hoe &quot;pretra&quot;) ary avy eo &quot;diakon&quot; (mpanompo; niavian' ny hoe &quot;diakôna&quot; na &quot;diakra&quot;). Saingy nipoitra tsikelikely izany ary tamin' ny fotoana samihafa tany amin' ny toerana samihafa. I [[Klemento avy any Rôma|Klemento]], evekan’ i Rôma tamin’ ny taonjato voalohany, dia nanondro ny mpitarika ny fiangonana kôrintiana tao amin’ ny epistiliny ho an’ ny Kôrintiana ho &quot;eveka&quot; sy &quot;presbitera&quot; mifandimby. Ny mpanoratra ao amin' ny [[Testamenta Vaovao]] koa dia mampiasa ny teny hoe mpiandraikitra sy loholona amin' ny fifandimbiasana sy amin' ny teny mitovy hevitra.[46]

==== Kristianisma isan-karazany ====
Ny vanim-potoana ante-nikeana dia nahita ny firongatry ny sekta sy fivavahana ary hetsika kristiana marobe izay nanana toetra mampiray sy matanjaka izay tsy ampy tamin' ny vanim-potoanan' ny [[Apôstôly roa ambin' ny folo|Apôstôly]]. Samy nanana ny fomba fahazoany ny [[Baiboly]] izy ireo, indrindra fa ny momba ny foto-pampianarana teôlôjika toy ny [[Andriamanitra Zanaka|maha Andriamanitra an’ i Jesoa]] sy ny toetran’ ny [[Trinite]]. Maro amin' ny fiovaovana nisy nandritra izany fotoana izany no manohitra ny fanasokajiana tsara, satria ny endrika samihafan' ny kristianisma dia nifanerasera tamin' ny fomba sarotra mba hamoronana ny toetran' ny kristianisma mavitrika izay nisy nandritra izany vanim-potoana izany. Ny vanim-potoana taorian' ny Andro Aapôstôlika dia samy hafa na teo amin' ny finoana sy ny fanao. Ho fanampin' ny sampana midadasika amin' ny kristianisma, dia nisy fiovana tsy tapaka sy fahasamihafàna izay niteraka fifandirana teo amin' ny samy ao anatiny sy ny fananganana [[sinkretisma]].[47][48][49][50]

==== Fampandrosoana ny kanônan' ny Baiboly ====
Ny [[epistilin' i Paoly]] dia nivezivezy tamin' ny endrika voangona tamin' ny faran' ny taonjato voalohany.[51] Tany am-piandohan' ny taonjato faha-3 dia nisy andiana asa soratra kristiana mitovy amin' ny [[Testamenta Vaovao]] ankehitriny, na dia mbola nisy aza ny fifandirana momba ny maha-kanônika ny [[Epistily ho an' ny Hebreo]], ny [[Epistilin' i Jakoba]], ny [[Epistily voalohan' i Petera]], ny [[Epistily voalohan' i Joany|Epistily voalohany]] sy [[Epistily faharoan' i Joany|faharoan' i Joany]] ary ny [[Apôkalipsin' i Joany|Apôkalipsy]].[52][53] Tamin' ny taonjato faha-4, dia nisy firaisankina teo amin' ny Tandrefana momba ny kanônan' ny [[Testamenta Vaovao]], [54] ary tamin' ny taonjato faha-5 dia nanaiky ny Bokin' ny Apôkalipsy ny Atsinanana, afa-tsy ny maningana vitsivitsy, ka dia nifanaraka tamin' io raharaha io. ny kanôna.[55]

==== Asa soratra prôtô-ôrtôdôksa ====
Rehefa niely nanerana ny tanin’ ny [[Empira Rômana]] sy tany ivelan’ ny sisin-taniny ny kristianisma, dia nahazo mpikambana sasany avy amin’ ny saranga ara-tsôsialy ambony sy ny nahita fianarana tsara teo amin’ ny tontolo grika izy; lasa eveka izy ireo indraindray. Namokatra karazana asa roa izy ireo, dia ny [[teôlôjia]] sy ny [[apôlôjia]], ary ireto farany dia asa natao hiarovana ny finoana kristiana amin’ ny fampiasana ny saina sy ny [[filôzôfia]] ary ny Soratra Masina mba hanoherana ny hevitra manohitra ny fahamarinan’ ny kristianisma. Ireo mpanoratra ireo dia fantatra amin' ny anarana hoe [[Rain' ny Fiangonana]] na Aban' ny Eglizy, ary ny fandalinana ny fiainany sy ny asa sorany dia antsoina hoe [[patristika]]. Anisan' ireo Rain' ny Fiangonana voalohany malaza i Ignatiôsy avy any Antiôkia, i Pôlikarpôsy, i Jostinôsy Martira, i Ireneo, i Klemento avy any Aleksandria, i Tertoliano, ary i Ôrigenesy.

==== Zavakanton' ny Kristiana voalohany ====
Ny zavakanto sy ny maritrano kristiana tany am-boalohany dia nipoitra somary tara ary ny sary kristiana voalohany fantatra dia nipoitra tamin' ny taona 200 tany ho any, [56] na dia misy porofo avy amin' ny literatiora aza fa nampiasaina teo aloha ny sary kely an-trano. [[katakômba]], nisy tamin' ny 200 teo ho eo, ary ny sary sokitra kristiana tranainy indrindra dia avy amin' ny [[sarkôfazy]], nanomboka tamin' ny fiandohan' ny taonjato faha-3.[57] Ny fandavana ny sary tany am-boalohany, sy ny tsy maintsy hanafenana ny fanao kristiana amin' ny fanenjehana, dia namela firaketana an-tsoratra vitsivitsy momba ny kristianisma voalohany sy ny fivoarany.[57]

==== Nenjehina avy eo nekena ho ara-dalàna ====
Tsy nisy fanenjehana nanerana ny [[Empira Rômana]] ny Kristiana hatramin' ny nanjakan' i [[Dekio]] tamin' ny taonjato faha-3.[58] Ny fanenjehana farany sy mafy indrindra nokarakarain' ny manampahefana rômana dia ny fanenjehana nataon' i [[Diôkletiano]] tamin' ny taona, 303 hatramin' ny 311.[59]

Ny Didin' i Serdica dia navoaka tamin' ny 311 avy amin' ny emperora rômana Galerio, izay namarana tamin' ny fomba ôfisialy ny fanenjehana ny Kristiana tany Atsinanana. Tamin’ ny famoahana ny Didin’ i Milano (313), izay nametrahan’ ny emperora rômana [[Kônstantino Lehibe]] sy i Likinio ho ara-dalàna ny fivavahana kristiana, dia nitsahatra ny fanenjehana ny Kristiana nataon’ ny Empira Rômana[60].

Ny [[Fanjakan' i Armenia]] no firenena voalohany teto amin' izao tontolo izao nametraka ny kristianisma ho fivavaham-panjakana, rehefa, tamin' ny hetsika fanao mahazatra tamin' ny taona 301, i [[Gregôrio Mpanazava]] nandresy lahatra an' i [[Tiridatesy III]], mpanjakan' i Armenia, hiova ho Kristiana.

== Ampahany farany amin' ny Andro Taloha (325–476) ==

=== Ny fitaoman' ny emperora Kônstantino ===
Sarotra ny hamantarana hoe hatraiza ny kristianisma noraisin’ ny emperora rômana Kônstantino tamin’ io fotoana io,[61] fa ny nidirany dia kihon-dalana ho an’ ny Fiangonana kristiana. Nanohana ara-bola ny Fiangonana izy, nanorina [[bazilika]] isan-karazany, nanome tombontsoa (ohatra: fanafahana amin’ ny hetra sasany) ho an’ ny mpitondra fiangonana, nampisondrotra ny Kristiana ho amin’ ny toerana ambony sasany, ary namerina ny fananana nogiazana [62] . Nandray anjara mavitrika tamin’ ny fitarihana ny Fiangonana i Kônstantino. Tamin' ny taona 316, dia nitsara ny ady tany Afrika Avaratra momba ny adihevitra mikasika ny dônatista izy. Ny zava-dehibe kokoa, tamin' ny 325 dia nampiantso ny [[Kônsily voalohany tao Nikea|Kônsilin' i Nikea]] izy, izay [[kônsily ekiomenika]] voalohany. Noho izany dia nametraka ohatra ho an’ ny emperora izy ho tompon’ andraikitra eo anatrehan’ Andriamanitra amin’ ny fahasalamana ara-panahin’ ireo olom-peheziny, ary noho izany dia manana adidy hihazona ny ôrtôdôksia (na fampianarana marina). Izy dia tokony hampihatra ny [[foto-pampianarana]], hamongotra ny [[fivavahan-diso]], ary hanohana ny firaisan-kina ara-pivavahana[63].

Ilay mpandimby ny zanak' i Kônstantino, atao hoe Joliano, zana-drahalahiny, teo ambany fitarihan' i Mardônio mpanolo-tsaina azy, dia nandao ny kristianisma ary nandray ny endriky ny [[paganisma grika-rômana]] [[Neôplatônisma|neôplatônika]] sy mistika, izay nanafintohina ny fiorenan' ny Kristiana[64]. Niezaka namelona indray ny paganisma grika-rômana tao amin’ ny [[Empira Rômana]] izy ary nanomboka tamin’ ny fanokafana indray ny tempolin’ izany fivavahana izany, ka nanova azy ireo hitovy amin’ ny fomba kristiana, toy ny [[rafitra episkôpaly]] sy ny fiantrana ampahibemaso (izay tsy fantatra teo amin’ ny fivavahana grika-rômana). Nifarana ny fotoana fohy nanjakan’ i Joliano rehefa maty tamin’ ny ady tamin’ ny [[Persia|Persiana]] izy (363).

=== Ny arianisma sy ny kônsily ekiomenika voalohany ===
Ny fotopampianaran' ny [[kristôlôjia]] manohitra ny [[Trinite]] malaza, izay niely nanerana ny [[Empira Rômana]] nanomboka tamin' ny taonjato faha-4, dia ny [[Arianisma (teôlôjia)|arianisma]], [65] [66] naorin' ny presbitera kristiana [[Ariosy]] avy any Aleksandria, any Egipta, izay nampianatra fa i [[Jesoa|Jesoa Kristy]] dia zavaboary miavaka sy ambany noho [[Andriamanitra Ray]].[65][66]

Na dia nohelohina ho [[fivavahan-diso]] aza ny fampianaran' i Ariosy ka nesorin’ ny Fiangonana tao amin’ ny Empira Rômana tamin’ ny farany, dia nalaza hatrany ivelan' ny tanin' ilay empira izy io nandritra ny fotoana elaela. Tamin' ny faramparan' ny taonjato faha-4, i Olfila, eveka rômana mpomba ny arianisma, no voatendry ho misiônera kristiana voalohany tany amin' ny [[Gôty (vahoaka)|Gôty]], [[vahoaka jermanika]] tany amin' ny ampahany be amin' i [[Eorôpa]] teo amin' ny sisin-tany sy tao anatin' ny Empira Rômana.[65][66] I Olfila dia nampiely ny arianisma teo amin' ny Gôty, nampiorina mafy ny finoana teo amin' ny foko jermanika maro, ka nanampy azy ireo hitoetra tsy hitovy amin' ny kolontsaina sy ny fivavahan' ny [[Kristianisma kalkedôniana|Kristiana kalkedôniana]].[65][66][67]

Nandritra io vanim-potoana io, dia natao ny [[kônsily ekiomenika]] voalohany. Niadian-kevitra ny fifandirana ara-pinoana sy ara-pivavahana. Ny [[Kônsily voalohany tao Nikea]] (taona 325) sy ny [[Kônsily voalohany tao Kônstantinôpla]] (taona 381) dia niafara tamin’ ny fanamelohana ny arianisma ho fivavahan-diso ary namoaka ny [[Fanekem-pinoana nikeana]].

=== Ny kristianisma lasa fivavaham-panjakana rômana ===
Tamin' ny 27 Febroary 380, tamin' ny alàlan' ny Didin' i Tesalônika navoaka teo ambany fahefàn' i [[Teôdôsio I]] sy i Gratiano ary i [[Valentiniano II]], ny [[Empira Rômana]] dia nandray tamin' ny fomba ôfisialy ny [[kristianisma trinitariana]] ho [[fivavaham-panjakana]]. Talohan’ io daty io, i [[Kônstantio II]] sy i [[Valentio]] dia nankasitraka manokana ny kristianisma ariana na semi-ariana, saingy i Teôdôsio I, mpandimby an’ i Valentio, dia nanohana ny fampianarana momba ny [[Trinite]], araka ny nohazavaina tao amin’ ny Fiekem-pinoana nikeana.

Taorian' ny niorenany, ny Fiangonana dia nandray ny sisin-tanin' ny fandaminana mitovy amin' ny an' ny empira: faritany ara-jeôgrafia, antsoina hoe [[diôsezy]], mifanitsy amin' ny fizarazaran' ny governemantan' ny empira. Ny [[eveka]], izay nipetraka tao amin' ny tanàna lehibe toy ny tamin' ny fomba mahazatra talohan' ny lalàna, dia nanara-maso ny diôsezy tsirairay. Tamin’ ireo fari-piadidian' ny eveka ireo, dia nisy dimy lasa nitana toerana ambony: i [[Rôma]], i [[Kônstantinôpla]], i [[Jerosalema]], i [[Antiôkia]] (na Antiôka), ary i [[Aleksandria]]. Niankina tamin’ ny [[Apôstôly roa ambin' ny folo|Apôstôly]] mpanorina azy ireo ny lazan’ ny ankamaroan’ ireo toerana ireo, ka ny eveka no mpandimby ara-panahy. Na dia mbola noheverina ho voalohany teo amin’ ireo mitovy aminy aza ny evekan’ i Rôma, dia i Kônstantinôpla no laharana faharoa tamin’ ny maha-renivohitra vaovaon’ ilay empira azy.

Namoaka didy i [[Teôdôsio I]] fa ireo izay tsy mino ny &quot;lovam-pampianarana mahatoky&quot;, toy ny [[Trinite]], dia tokony hoheverina ho mpanao [[fivavahan-diso]] tsy ara-dalàna, [68] ary tamin' ny 385, izany no nahatonga ny Fanjakana ho voalohany, fa tsy ny Fiangonana, nanao fanasaziana ho faty ny [[Fivadiham-pinoana|mpivadi-pinoana]], dia i Priskiliano.[69][70]

=== Ny Fiangonan' ny Atsinanana sy ny Empira Sasaniana ===
Nandritra ny fiandohan' ny taonjato faha-5, ny Sekolin' i Edesa dia nampianatra fomba fijery [[Kristôlôjia|kristôlôjika]] izay milaza fa ny maha Andriamanitra sy ny maha olombelona an' i Kristy dia midika fa olona miavaka izy. Ny vokany manokana amin’ io fomba fijery io dia ny hoe tsy azo antsoina ho [[Renin' Andriamanitra|Renin’ Andriamanitra]] i [[Maria (renin' i Jesoa)|Maria]] fa azo raisina ho [[Renin’ i Kristy]] ihany. Ny mpomba an' io fomba fijery io malaza indrindra dia ny patriarkan' i Kônstantinôpla antsoina hoe [[Nestôriôsy]]. Hatramin' ny niantsoana an' i Maria ho Renin' Andriamanitra dia nanjary nalaza tany amin' ny faritra maro tao amin' ny Fiangonana ka nanjary olana mampisara-bazana izany.

Nangataka ny hanaovana ny [[Kônsilin' i Efesôsy]] (431) i [[Teôdôsio II]], emperora rômana, mba handaminana ilay raharaha. Nolavin' ny kôsily tamin' ny farany ny hevitr' i Nestôriôsy. Nisaraka tamin’ ny Eglizy Rômana ny fiangonana maro nanaraka ny fomba fijerin’ ny Nestôriana, ka niteraka fisarahana lehibe izany. Nesorina ny fiangonana nestôriana, ary maro ny mpanara-dia nandositra nankany amin’ ny [[Empira Sasanida]] (Persiana) izay nanaiky izany. Ny Empira Sasanida dia nanana Kristianina niova fo maro tany am-piandohan' ny tantarany, nifamatotra akaiky tamin' ny sampana siriakan' ny kristianisma. [[Zôrôastrisma|Zôrôastriana]] tamin' ny fomba ôfisialy ny Empira Sasanida ary nifikitra mafy tamin' io finoana io, amin' ny ampahany mba hanavahany ny tenany amin' ny fivavahan' ny [[Empira Rômana]] (ny [[paganisma grika-rômana]] tany am-boalohany ary avy eo ny kristianisma). Nanjary noleferina ny kristianisma tao amin' ny Empira Sasanida, ary rehefa nihamaro ny [[Fivadiham-pinoana|mpivadi-pinoana]] vokatry ny nataon' ny Empira Rômana nandritra ny taonjato faha-4 sy faha-6, dia nitombo haingana ny vondrom-piarahamonina kristiana sasaniana.[71] Tamin' ny faran' ny taonjato faha-5 dia niorina mafy ny Fiangonana Persiana ary nanjary nahaleo tena tamin' ny Fiangonana Rômana. Io fiangonana io dia nivoatra ka lasa ilay antsoina ankehitriny hoe [[Fiangonan' ny Atsinanana]].

Tamin' ny taona 451, ny [[Kônsilin' i Kalkedôna]] dia natao mba hanazavana bebe kokoa ny olana ara-[[kristôlôjia]] manodidina ny [[nestôrianisma]]. Ny kônsily tamin' ny farany dia nanambara fa ny maha Andriamanitra sy ny maha olombelona an' i Kristy dia misaraka fa samy ao anatin' ny singa iray, fomba fijery nolavin' ny fiangonana maro izay niantso ny tenany ho [[Miafizisma|miafizita]] izany. Niteraka fiandanian' ny fiangonana izany fisarahana izany, anisan' izany ny Fiangonana Armeniana sy Siriana ary Ejipsiana[72] Na dia nisy ezaka natao tamin’ ny fampihavanana aza nandritra ny taonjato vitsivitsy nanaraka, dia nitohy hatrany ny fisarahana, ka niteraka ilay antsoina ankehitriny hoe Ôrtôdôksa Tatsinanana.

=== Mônastisisma ===
Ny [[mônastisisma]] dia ny fanaon' ny olona izay miala amin' ny fikatsahana izao tontolo izao ary mandeha irery ho mpitoka-monina (hermita) na miditra amin' ny vondrom-piarahamonina voalamina tsara. Nanomboka tany am-boalohany tao amin’ ny Fiangonana kristiana izy io tamin’ ny maha fianakaviana nanana fanao ifandovana mitovy amin’ izany, nalaina tamin’ ny ohatra sy foto-kevitra araka ny [[Soratra Masina]], ary avy amin’ ny fakan' ny sasany tahaka ny [[jodaisma]]. I [[Joany mpanao batisa|Joany Mpanao Batisa]] no noheverina ho [[moanina]] (na monka) môdely voalohany, ary ny mônastisisma dia nentanin' ny fandaminana tao amin' ny vondrom-piarahamonin' ny [[Apôstôly roa ambin' ny folo|Apôstôly]] araka ny voarakitra ao amin' ny [[Asan' ny Apôstôly]] (Asa 2:42–47).[73]

Mpanoratra kristiana malaza tamin' ny tapany farany amin' ny [[Andro Taloha]] toa an' i [[Ôrigenesy avy any Aleksandria|Ôrigenesy]], i Hierônimôsy (na Jerôma), i Joany Krisôstôma, ary i Aogostino avy any Hipôna, no nandika ny hevitry ny lahatsoratra ao amin' ny [[Baiboly]] tao anatin' ny tontolom-pivavahana feno fanavakavahana.[74] Ny ohatra ara-Baiboly momba ny [[asketisma]] dia hita teo amin' ny fiainan' i Joany Mpanao Batisa, i [[Jesoa|Jesoa Kristy]], ny Apôstôly roa ambin' ny folo ary i [[Paoly (apôstôly)|Paoly Apôstôly]].[74] Nahariharin’ ny [[Horonan-tsoratry ny Ranomasina Maty]] ny fanaon’ ny [[Eseniana]], sekta jiosy fahiny, izay nivoady fa hifady hanomanana ady masina. Ny fanantitranterana ny fiainana ara-pivavahana asketika dia hita tao amin' ny asa soratra kristiana voalohany (jereo: [[Filôkalia]]) sy ny fanao tamin' izany fotoana izany (jereo: [[hesikasma]]). Anisan' ireo mpivavaka kristianina hafa amin' ny asketisma ny olo-masina toa an' i Paoly Hermita, i Simeôna Stilita, i Davida avy any Valesa, i Joany avy any Damaskôsy, ary i Fransisko avy any Assise.[74]

Ny Tany efitr' i [[Afovoany Atsinanana]] dia nisy fotoana nonenan' ny lehilahy sy vehivavy kristiana asketika sy hermita ary ankôrita an' arivony, [75] anisan' izany i Md Antôniôsy Lehibe (fantatra amin' ny anarana hoe Md Antôniôsy avy any an' Efitra), Mb Maria avy any Ejipta, ary Md Simeôna Stilita, fantatra amin' ny anarana hoe [[Rain' ny Taniefitra]] sy [[Renin' ny Taniefitra]]. Tamin' ny taona 963 dia niforona ny fikambanan' ny [[mônastera]] antsoina hoe Lavra teo amin' ny [[Tendrombohitra Athos]], araka ny lovantsofina ôrtôdôksa tatsinanana.[76] Io no ivon-toerana manan-danja indrindra amin' ireo antokon' olona asketika kristiana ôrtôdôksa nandritra ny taonjato maro nanaraka.[76] Amin' izao vanim-potoana môderina izao, ny Tendrombohitra Athos sy Meteora dia nitoetra ho foibe manan-danja lehibe.[77]

Miaina irery ny moanina ermita na hermita, fa ny kenôbitika kosa dia miaina ao anaty vondrom-piarahamonina, amin' ny ankapobeny ao amin' ny mônastera, eo ambanin' ny fitsipika (na fitsipika fanao) ary fehezin' ny abôta. Tany am-boalohany, ny moanina kristiana rehetra dia mpitolona, ​​nanaraka ny ohatr’ i Antôniôsy Lehibe. Na izany aza, ny filana endrika fitarihana ara-panahy voalamina dia nitarika an' i Pakômiôsy tamin' ny taona 318 mba handamina ny mpanara-dia azy maro ho lasa monastera voalohany. Tsy ela dia nisy andrim-pandaminana toy izany naorina nanerana ny tany efitr’ i Ejipta sy ny sisa tamin’ ny tapany atsinanan’ ny [[Empira Rômana]]. Tena nahasarika ny vehivavy izany hetsika izany.[78] Isan' ny ivon' ny fampandrosoana ny mônastisisma dia i Basiliôsy Lehibe any Atsinanana ary, any Andrefana, i Benedikto (na Benoà), namorona ny Fitsipik' i Md Benedikto, izay ho lasa fitsipika mahazatra indrindra mandritra ny Andro Antenatenany sy ny fiandohan' ny fitsipika mônastika hafa. [79]

== Tapany voalohany amin' ny Andro Antenatenany (476–842) ==
Ny tetezamita mankany amin' ny fiandohan' ny [[Andro Antenatenany]] dia dingana tsikelikely sy isan-toerana. Nitombo ny faritra ambanivohitra noho ny tobim-pamokarana raha nihena ny tanàn-dehibe. Na dia betsaka kokoa aza ny Kristiana nijanona tany Atsinanana (faritra grika), dia nisy fivoarana lehibe teo amin’ ny Tandrefana (faritra latina), ary samy nanana endrika miavaka. Ny evekan’ i Rôma nifandimby, izany hoe ny [[papa]], dia voatery nampifanaraka tamin’ ny toe-javatra niova be. Tsy nifikitra afa-tsy tamin’ ny emperora izy ireo, ka voatery nifampiraharaha tamin’ ny “mpanapaka barbarianina” tany amin’ ny faritany rômana rehetra taloha. Tany Atsinanana, ny Fiangonana dia nitazona ny rafitra sy ny toetrany ary nivoatra tsikelikely.

=== Fanitarana nataon' ny misiônera tandrefana ===
Nifanindry tamin' ny ezaka misiônera tany am-boalohany tany amin' ny faritra tsy voafehin' ny fanjakana nirodana ny famoizana tsikelikely ny fanjakan' ny [[Empira Rômana Tandrefana]], izay nosoloina ny fanjakana federaly sy jermanika.[80] Tany am-piandohan' ny taonjato faha-5, ny asa misiônera avy any [[Britaina Lehibe]] nofehezin' ny Rômana ho any amin' ny faritra seltika ([[Ekôsy]] sy [[Irlandy]] ary [[Valesa]]) dia namokatra fomba fanao nifaninana tamin' ny kristianisma seltika, izay naverina teo ambany fifehezan' ny Fiangonana tany Rôma tatỳ aoriana. Ny misiônera nalaza tany [[Eorôpa Avaratra-Andrefana]] tamin’ izany fotoana izany dia ny olo-masina kristiana Patrick sy Columba ary Columbanus. Ny vahoaka anglô-saksôna izay nanafika an' i Britaina Lehibe atsimo, fotoana fohy taorian' ny nandaozan' ny Rômana dia mpanaraka ny paganisma tamin' ny voalohany, saingy nampiova fo ho amin' ny kristianisma tamin' ny alalan' i Aogostino avy any Canterbéry noho ny asa nanirahana ny papa [[Gregôrio Lehibe]]. Tsy ela dia lasa foiben' ny misiônera, ny misiônera toa an' i Wilfrid sy i Willibrord sy i Lullus ary i Boniface dia nampiova fo ny havany [[Saksôna (vahoaka)|Saksôna]] tany Jermania.

Ny ankamaroan' ny Kristiana galô-rômana monina any [[Galia]] ([[Frantsa]] sy [[Belzika]] ankehitriny) dia resin' ny [[Franka (vahoaka)|Franka]] tamin' ny fiandohan' ny taonjato faha-5. Nenjehina ny tompon-tany mandra-piovan’ ny mpanjaka Francis Clovis I avy amin’ ny [[paganisma]] ho amin’ ny fivavahana katôlika rômana, tamin’ ny taona 496. Nanizingizina i Clovis fa hanaraka an’ izany ireo andriana namany, ka nanamafy ny fanjakany vao niorina tamin’ ny fampiraisana ny finoan’ ny mpitondra sy ny an’ ny vahoaka [81]. Taorian’ ny nipoiran’ ny Fanjakana Franka sy ny toe-draharaha ara-pôlitika nilamina, dia nampitombo ny asan’ ny misiônera ny tapany andrefana tamin’ ny Fiangonana, izay notohanan’ ny tarana-mpanjaka [[merôvinjiana]] ho fitaovana hampitoniana ny mponina manodidina sahirana. Taorian' ny nanorena fiangonana iray tao Utrecht nataon' i Willibrord, dia nitranga ny fihenjanana rehefa nandrava foibe kristiana maro ny mpanjaka frisiana Radbod teo anelanelan' ny taona 716 sy 719. Tamin' ny taona 717, i Boniface, misiônera anglisy, dia nalefa hanampy an' i Willibrord, nanangana indray ny fiangonana rehetra tany Frisia ary nanohy ny asa fitoriana any Jermania.[81] Nandritra ny faramparan' ny taonjato faha-8, dia nanao famonoana faobe i [[Charlemagne]] mba handresena ny Saksôna mpanaraka ny paganisma sy hanerena azy ireo hanaiky ny kristianisma [82].

=== Kalifata Rasidona ===
Koa satria ny Kristiana dia heverina ho &quot;[[Olon' ny Boky]]&quot; ao amin' ny [[Silamo|fivavahana silamo]], ny Kristianina teo ambany fitondran' ny Miozolmana dia niharan' ny satan' ny ''dhimmi'' (miaraka amin' ny [[Jiosy]], ny [[Samaritana]], ny [[Gnôstisisma|Gnôstika]], ny [[Mandeisma|Mandeana]], ary ny [[Zôrôastrisma|Zôrôastriana]]), izay ambany noho ny satan' ny Miozolmana. [83][84][85] Niatrika fanavakavahana ara-pivavahana sy fanenjehana noho izany ny Kristianina sy ny antokom-pivavahana vitsy madinika vokatry ny fandrarana azy ireo tsy hitahita ny olona hiova finoana (ho an’ ny Kristianina dia voarara ny mitory ny filazantsara na manaparitaka ny kristianisma) tany amin’ ireo tany azon’ ny [[Arabo (vahoaka)|Arabo]] miozolmana noho ny fanaintainan’ ny fahafatesana, voarara tsy hitondra fitaovam-piadiana, nanao asa sasany, ary voatery nanao fitafiana hafa izy ireo mba hampiavaka ny tenany amin' ny Arabo[84] . Teo ambanin' ny [[lalàna silamo]] (''sharīʿa''), ny tsy Miozolmana dia voatery nandoa ny hetra atao hoe ''jizya'' sy ''kharaj'', [83][84][85] miaraka amin' ny vidim-panavotana mavesatra ara-potoana nalain' ny mpitondra miozolmana amin' ny vondrom-piarahamonina kristiana mba hamatsiana ny fanafihana ara-miaramila mitohy. Tamin' izany dia nitondra ampahany betsaka amin' ny fidiram-bola ho an' ny fanjakana silamo sy nampahantra Kristiana maro, ary ireo fahasahiranana ara-bola sy ara-tsôsialy ireo dia nanery ny Kristiana maro hivadika ho miozolmana.[84] Ireo Kristiana tsy afaka nandoa ireo hetra ireo dia voatery nanolotra ny zanany ho an' ireo mpitondra miozolmana izay hivarotra azy ireo ho andevo ho an' ny tokantrano miozolmana na voatery hivadika ho Miozolmana.[84]

Araka ny fomban' ny Eglizy Ôrtôdôksa Siriaka, ny fandresen' ny Miozolmana any Ampiposahana dia fanamaivanana ho an' ireo Kristiana ampahorian' ny Empira Rômana Tandrefana[85]. Mikaela Syriana, patriarika tany Antiôkia, dia nanoratra tatỳ aoriana fa ny Andriamanitry ny Kristiana dia “nanandratra ny zanak’ i Ismaela avy tany atsimo mba hanafaka antsika amin’ ny tanan’ ny Rômana”[85]. Ny vondrom-piarahamonina kristiana isan-karazany any amin' ny faritr' i Palestina sy Siria sy Libanona ary Armenia dia nankahala ny fitondran' ny Empira Rômana Tandrefana na ny an' ny Empira Bizantina, ka noho izany dia naleony niaina tao anatin' ny toe-javatra ara-toekarena sy ara-pôlitika tsara kokoa noho ny dhimmi teo ambany fitondran' ny Miozolmana.[85] Na izany aza, ny mpahay tantara môderna dia manaiky ihany koa fa ny vahoaka kristiana monina any amin' ireo tany azon' ny tafika arabo miozolmana teo anelanelan' ny taonjato faha-7 sy faha-10 dia niharan' ny fanenjehana sy herisetra ara-pivavahana ary maritiora imbetsaka teo am-pelan-tanan' ny manampahefana sy mpanapaka miozolomana arabo [85]. ][86][87][88] maro no novonoina teo ambanin' ny fanamelohana ho faty araka ny lalàna islamika noho ny fiarovana ny finoana kristiana tamin' ny alalan' ny hetsika fanoherana mahery vaika toy ny fandavana ny hiova finoana ho Miozolmana, ny fandavana ny fivavahana silamo ary ny fiverenana amin' ny kristianisma avy eo, ary ny fitenenan-dratsy ny Andriamanitry ny finoana silamo.[86][87][88]

=== Kalifata Ômeiada ===
Araka ny Sekoly Ḥanafī momba ny lalàna silamo (sharīʿa), ny fijoroana vavolombelona ataon' ny tsy miozolmana (toy ny Kristiana na Jiosy) dia tsy noheverina ho manan-kery manoloana ny fijoroana vavolombelona ataon' ny Miozolmana amin' ny raharaha ara-dalàna na sivily. Ara-tantara, ao amin' ny kolontsaina miozolmana sy ny lalàna silamo nentim-paharazana dia voarara ny vehivavy miozolmana tsy hanambady lehilahy kristiana na jiosy, fa ny lehilahy miozolmana kosa dia navela hanambady vehivavy kristiana na jiosy[89][90] (jereo ny: fanambadiana iraisam-pinoana ao amin' ny fivavahana silamo). Ny Kristiana teo ambany fitondran' ny Miozolmana dia nanana zo hivadika ho Miozolmana na fivavahana hafa, raha mifanohitra amin' izany kosa ny murtad, na mpivadi-pinoana amin' ny finoana silamo, dia nahazo sazy henjana na hadd mihitsy aza, izay mety ahitana ny fanamelohana ho faty araka ny lalàna islamika.[86][87][88] ]

Amin' ny ankapobeny, ny Kristiana teo ambany fitondrana islamika dia navela hanatanteraka ny fivavahany miaraka amin' ny fetra miavaka sasany avy amin' ny Dina apôkrifan' i Umar. Io fifanarahana io, izay heverina fa natao tamin’ ny taona 717, dia nandrara ny Kristiana tsy hampiseho ampahibemaso ny hazo fijaliana teo amin’ ny trano fiangonany, tsy hiantso ny mpiangona hivavaka amin’ ny alalan' ny lakolosy, tsy hanorina indray na hanamboatra fiangonana sy mônasitera taorian’ ny fandravana na fahasimbana, ary nametraka fameperana hafa mifandraika amin' ny asa sy fitafiana ary fitaovam-piadiana[91] Nanenjika Kristiana berbera maro ny Kalifata Omeiada tamin' ny taonjato faha-7 sy faha-8, ka niova tsikelikely ho amin' ny finoana silamo ireo Kristiana ireo.[92]

Tany Umayyad al-Andalus (ao amin' ny Saikinosy Iberiana), ny sekolin' ny lalàna islamika Malikī no tena nanjaka.[87] Ny fahafatesan' ny maritiora kristiana valo amby efapolo izay nitranga tao amin' ny Emiratan' i Córdoba teo anelanelan' ny taona 850 sy 859[93] dia voarakitra ao amin' ny trakta hagiôgrafika nosoratan' i Eulogius  avy any Córdoba, Kristiana iberiana sy latinista manam-pahaizana.[86][87][88]. ] Novonoina teo ambany fitondran' i Abd al-Rahman II sy Muhammad I ireo maritiora tao Córdoba ireo, ary ny hagiôgrafian' i Eulogius dia miresaka amin' ny antsipiriany ny famonoana ny maritiora noho ny fanitsakitsahana ny lalàna islamika, anisan' izany ny fivadiham-pinoana sy ny fitenenan-dratsy (blasfemia).[86][87][86] 88]

=== Kalifata Abasida ===
Mpahay siansa kristiana tatsinanana sy manam-pahaizana momba ny tontolo islamika tamin' ny Andro Antenatenany (indrindra fa ny Kristiana jakôbita sy nestôriana) dia nandray anjara tamin' ny sivilizasiôna arabo silamo nandritra ny fitondran' ny Omaiada sy ny Abasida, tamin' ny fandikana ny sangan'asan' ny filôzôfa grika ho amin' ny teny siriaka ary taorian' izay, tamin' ny teny arabo.[94] [95][96] Nahay filôzôfia, siansa, teôlôjia ary fitsaboana koa izy ireo.[97][98][99] Ary ny mpitsabo manokana an' ny kalifa abasida dia matetika Kristiana asiriana toy ny tarana-mpanjaka Bukhtishu naharitra ela.

Ny kalifa abasida dia tsy nandefitra loatra tamin' ny Kristianisma raha oharina tamin' ireo kalifa omaiada[85]. Na izany aza, dia nanohy niasa tao amin' ny governemanta ny manam-pahefana kristiana, ary matetika ny Kristiana ao amin' ny Fiangonan' ny Tatsinanana no nandika ny filôzôfia grika fahiny sy ny matematika grika.[85] Ny asa soratr' i al-Jahiz dia nandresy ny Kristiana noho ny fanambinana loatra, ary nilaza fa afaka tsy miraharaha na dia ireo fameperana napetraky ny fanjakana aza [85]. Tamin' ny faramparan' ny taonjato faha-9, ny patriarkan' i Jerosalema, Theodosius, dia nanoratra tamin' ny mpiara-miasa aminy, ilay patriarkan' i Kônstantinôpla Ignatios, fa &quot;marina izy ireo ary tsy manisy ratsy antsika na mampiseho herisetra amintsika&quot;.[85]

I Elias avy any Heliôpôlisy, rehefa nifindra tany Damaskôsy avy any Heliôpôlisy (Ba'albek), dia voampanga ho nivadi-pinoana tamin' ny kristianisma rehefa avy nanatrika fety nokarakarain' ny Arabo mozolmana iray, ary voatery nandositra an' i Damaskôsy ho any amin' ny tanàna niaviany, ary niverina valo taona taty aoriana, izay nisy azy. ekena sy nogadrain' ny &quot;eparka&quot;, angamba ilay mpahay lalàna al-Layth ibn Sa'd.[100]: 34  Rehefa avy nandà ny hivadika ho Miozolmana izy, na dia nampijalina, dia nentina teo anatrehan' ny emira Damascene sady havan' ny kalifa al-Mahdi (manodidina ny taona 775–785), Muhammad ibn-Ibrahim, izay nampanantena ny hitondrana tsara raha hiova fo i Elias.[100]: 34  Tamin’ ny fandavany imbetsaka, dia nampijalina sy notapahin-doha i Elias ary nodorana ny vatany, notapahana ary natsipy tany amin’ ny renirano Chrysorrhoes. (ny Barada) tamin’ ny taona 779 [100]: 34

Araka ny voalazan' i Synaxarion avy any Kônstantinôpla, ny hegomenôsy Michael avy any Zobe sy ny moanina enina amby telopolo tao amin' ny Mônasteran' i Zobe akaikin' i Sebasteia (Sivas) dia novonoina tamin' ny fanafihana ny vondrom-piarahamonina. ny Hagarenes&quot;, &quot;Alim&quot;, angamba i Ali ibn-Sulayman, governora abasida izay nanafika ny faritanin' ny Rômana tamin' ny taona 785. I Bacchus dia Palestiniana, izay ny fianakaviany, izay kristianina, dia niova fo ho amin' ny finoana silamo ny rainy.[100]: 29–30  i Bacchus anefa dia nijanona ho kriptô-kristiana ary nanao fivahiniana masina tany Jerosalema, izay natao batisa sy niditra tao amin' ny mônastera. an' i Mar Saba.[100]: 29–30  Ny fihaonany sy ny fianakaviany dia nahatonga azy ireo hiverina ho kristiana indray ary ny fitsarana sy ny famonoana an' i Bacchus noho ny fivadiham-pinoana teo ambany fitondran' ny emira Harthama ibn A'yan.[100]: 29–30

Taorian' ny fanaovam-pahirano an' i Amorium tamin' ny taona 838, tanàna niavian' ny emperora Theophilos (r. 829–842) sy ny tarana-mpanjaka amôriana, ny kalifa al-Mu'tasim (manodidina ny taona 833–842) dia nitondra babo rômana maherin' ny efapolo [100]: 41–42  Nentina tany Samarra renivohitra izy ireo, ary taorian’ ny fito taona nisian’ ny adihevitra ara-teôlôjia sy ny fandavana tsy hivadika ho miozolmana, dia novonoina ho faty izy ireo tamin’ ny vola a Marsa 845 teo ambany fitondran’ ny kalifa al-Wathiq (manodidina ny taona 842–847).[ 100]: 41–42  Tao anatin' ny taranaka iray dia nohajaina ho maritiora 42 tao Amorium izy ireo. Araka ny filazan' i Euodius, hagiôgrafan' izy ireo, izay angamba nanoratra tao anatin' ny taranaka iray nisy ny zava-nitranga, dia i Theophilos sy ny ikônôklasma no nahatonga ny faharesena tao Amorium. mpanoratra fantatra amin' ny anarana hoe Michael avy any Synkellos, anisan' ireo roa amby efapolo i Kallistos, ilay doux an'ny thema Kôlôneiana, ary ilay maritiora mahery fo Theodore Karteros.[100]: 41–42

Nandritra ny ady Arabo-Bizansy tamin' ny taonjato faha-10, ny fandresen' ny Rômana ny Arabo dia niafara tamin' ny fanafihan' ny vahoaka ny Kristiana, izay noheverina fa niray fo tamin' ny Empira Rômana.[85] Araka ny voalazan' i Bar Hebraeus, katôlika ao amin' ny Fiangonan' ny Atsinanana, i Abraham III (manodidina ny taona 906–937), dia nanoratra tamin' ny viziry lehibe fa &quot;isika Nestôriana dia naman' ny Arabo sady mivavaka ho an' ny fandreseny&quot;. Ny fihetsiky ny Nestôriana “izay tsy manana mpanjaka hafa afa-tsy ny Arabo”, dia nampifanohitra tamin’ ny Eglizy Ôrtôdôksa Grika, izay nolazainy fa “tsy nitsahatra niady tamin’ ny Arabo ny emperorany [85] Teo anelanelan’ ny taona 923 sy 924 rava ny fiangonana tao anatin' ny herisetran' ny vahoaka tao Ramla, Askelôna sy tao Kaisarea Maritima, ary Damaskôsy.[85] Isaky ny tranga, araka ny filazan' i Eutychius, mpanoratra tantara kristiana sady arabo melkita avy any Aleksandria, ny kalifa al-Muqtadir (manodidina ny taona 908–932) dia nandray anjara tamin' ny ady. fanorenana indray ny fananan’ ny Fiangonana.[85]

=== Ikônôklasma bizantina ===
Taorian' ny andian-tafika mahery vaika nanohitra ny Miozolmana, dia nipoitra tao amin' ny tanin' ny Empira Bizantina ny ikônôklasma tamin' ny fiandohan' ny taonjato faha-8. Tamin' ny taona 720, ny emperora bizantina Leo III Isaurian dia nandrara ny fanehoana an-tsary an' i Kristy sy ny olo-masina ary ny seho ara-Baiboly. Tany Latina Andrefana, ny papa Gregôrio III dia nanao sinôda roa tany Rôma ary nanameloka ny nataon’ i Leo. Ny Filankevitry ny ikônôklasta Bizansa, natao tao Hieria tamin' ny taona 754, dia nanapa-kevitra fa ny sary masina dia fivadiham-pinoana.[101] Ny hetsika ikônôklastika dia nandrava ny ankamaroan' ny tantaran' ny zavakanto voalohany tao amin' ny Fiangonana kristiana. Ny hetsika ikônôklastika taty aoriana dia nofaritana ho heretika tamin' ny taona 787 teo ambanin' ny Kônsily faharoan' i Nikea (kônsily ekiomenika fahafito) saingy nisy fitsanganana vetivety teo anelanelan' ny taona 815 sy 842.

== Andro Antenatenany Ambony (800–1299) ==

=== Renaissance karôlinjiana ===
Ny Renaissance karôlinjiana dia vanim-potoana fifohazana ara-tsaina sy ara-kolontsaina momba ny literatiora sy ny zavakanto ary ny fandalinana Soratra Masina nandritra ny faramparan' ny taonjato faha-8 sy faha-9 teo ambany fitondran' ny tarana-mpanjaka karôlinjiana, indrindra tamin' ny fotoana nanjakan' ny mpanjaka franka Charlemagne, mpanorina sy emperora voalohany tao amin' ny Empira Karôlinjiana, sy ny zanany lahy, Louis Tia Vavaka. Mba hamahana ny olan’ ny tsy fahaizana mamaky teny sy manoratra teo amin’ ny klerjy sy ny mpitan-tsoratra ao amin’ ny fitsarana, dia nanorina sekoly i Charlemagne ary nisarika ireo lehilahy nahay indrindra avy any Eorôpa manontolo ho any amin’ ny fitsarana azy.

=== Mitombo ny disadisa eo amin' ny Atsinanana sy ny Andrefana ===
Nanomboka niharihary ny fihenjanana teo amin’ ny firaisan-kina kristiana tamin’ ny taonjato faha-4. Olana fototra roa no mifandrohirohy: ny toetran' ny fahambonian’ ny evekan’ i Rôma sy ny fiantraika ara-teôlôjia momba ny fampidirana andian-teny iray ao amin’ ny Fanekem-pinoana nikeana, fantatra amin’ ny anarana hoe filioque. Ireo olana ara-pampianarana ireo dia noresahina ampahibemaso voalohany tao amin’ ny patriarkan’ i Fôtiosy. Ny fiangonana tatsinanana dia nihevitra ny fahatakaran' i Rôma ny toetoetran' ny fahefan' ny eveka ho toy ny mifanohitra mivantana amin' ny rafitry ny Fiangonana izay tena fampihavanana, ary noho izany dia nihevitra ireo eklesiôlôjia roa ireo ho mifanohitra tanteraka [102] .

Ny olana iray hafa dia nanjary tena nahasosotra ny anaram-piangonana kristiana, ny fampidirana tsikelikely ny Fanekem-pinoana nikeana any Andrefana amin' ny andian-teny hoe Filioque - midika hoe &quot;sy ny Zanaka&quot; - toy ny ao amin' ny &quot;Fanahy Masina ... avy amin' ny Ray sy ny Zanaka&quot; , izay lazain’ ny Fanekem-pinoana tany am-boalohany, izay neken’ ny kônsily ary mbola ampiasain’ ny Ôrtôdôksa Tatsinanana ankehitriny, fa “ny Fanahy Masina, ... avy amin’ ny Ray”. Nanamafy ny Fiangonana Tatsinanana fa nampiana tsy ara-dalàna io andian-teny io, satria tsy mbola nisy nidinika ny Atsinanana[103]. Ho fanampin' io resaka eklesiôlôjia io, ny Fiangonana Tatsinanana koa dia nihevitra fa tsy azo ekena ny andian-teny Filioque noho ny antony dôgmatika[104].

=== Fisaraham-bazana vokatry ny hevitr' i Fôtiôsy ===
Tamin’ ny taonjato faha-9, dia nisy ady hevitra nipoitra teo amin’ ny kristianisma tatsinanana (Bizansa, Ôrtôdôksa Grika) sy tandrefana (latina, Katôlika Rômana), izay nipoitra noho ny fanoheran’ ny papa Joany VII ny fanendrena nataon’ ny emperora bizantina Michael III avy ao amin’ i Fôtiôsy I. ny toeran' ny patriarika tao Kônstantinôpla. Nolavin' ny papa i Fôtiôsy noho ny fifandirana teo amin' ny Atsinanana sy ny Andrefana teo aloha. Tsy nety nanaiky ny fahambonian’ ny papa tamin’ ny raharaha tatsinanana i Fôtiôsy na nanaiky ny andian-teny hoe &quot;Filioque&quot;. Ny delegasiôna latina tao amin' ny filan-kevitry ny fanokanana azy dia nanery azy hanaiky ilay andian-teny mba hahazoana antoka ny fanohanan' izy ireo. Ny resabe koa dia nikasika ny zon' ny Fiangonana Tatsinanana sy Tandrefana ao amin' ny fiangonana bolgara. Nanome fanelanelanana tokoa i Fôtiôsy momba ny zo ara-pitsarana momba an’ i Bolgaria, ary ireo solontenan' ny papa dia nanao izany tamin’ ny fiverenany avy any Bolgaria ho any Rôma. Io fanekena io anefa dia nomena anarana fotsiny, satria ny fiverenan' i Bolgaria amin' ny fombam-pivavahana bizantina tamin' ny taona 870 dia efa nahatonga azy io ho fiangonana aotôkefaly. Raha tsy nisy ny faneken' i Boris I avy any Bolgaria, dia tsy afaka nampihatra ny fitakiany ny papa.

=== Fisaraham-bazan' ny Atsinanana sy ny Andrefana (1054) ===
Ny fisaraham-bazan' ny Atsinanana sy ny Andrefana, fantatra ihany koa amin' ny anarana hoe &quot;Fisaraham-bazana Lehibe&quot;, dia nanasaraka ny Fiangonana ho sampana tandrefana (latina) sy tatsinanana (grika), izany hoe ny katôlika tandrefana sy ôrtôdôksa tatsinanana. Io no fizarazaràna lehibe voalohany hatramin’ ny nandavan’ ny antokon’ olona sasany tany Atsinanana ny didy navoakan’ ny Kônsilin’ i Kalkedôna (jereo: Ôrtôdôksa Tatsinanana) ary niavaka kokoa. Na dia niseho tamin' ny taona 1054 aza ny Fisaraham-bazana Atsinanana sy Andrefana, dia vokatry ny fisarahana lava teo amin' ny kristianisma latina sy kristianisma grika noho ny maha lehiben' ny papa sy ny foto-pampianarana sasany momba ny Filioque, saingy nihamafy noho ny kolontsaina ara-jeôgrafia sy ara-jeôpôlitika ary ara-jeôgrafia. fahasamihafan' ny fiteny.

=== Fanavaozana mônastika ===
Nanomboka tamin’ ny taonjato faha-6, ny ankamaroan’ ny mônastera tany amin’ ny Katôlika Andrefana dia fehezin' ny Didin' i Benedikto. Noho ny fanarahana hentitra kokoa ny fitondrana benediktina nohavaozina, ny Abeîn'  i Cluny dia nanjary ivon-toeran' ny mônastisisma tandrefana ekena nanomboka tamin' ny taonjato faha-10. I Cluny dia namorona lamina lehibe sy federasiôna izay nahatonga ny mpitantana ny trano fanampiny ho lefitry ny Abôta Cluny ary namaly azy. Ny toe-tsaina kloniaka dia fitaomana mamelona indray ny Fiangonana nôrmana, tamin' ny faratampony nanomboka tamin' ny tapany faharoa amin' ny taonjato faha-10 ka hatramin' ny fiandohan' ny taonjato faha-12.

Tonga niaraka tamin' ny hetsika sistersiana ny onjam-panavaozana mônastika manaraka. Ny abey sistersiana voalohany dia naorina tamin' ny taona 1098, tao amin' ny Cîteaux Abbey. Ny foto-kevitry ny fiainana sistersiana dia fiverenana amin' ny fitandremana ara-bakiteny ny fitondrana benediktina, fandavana ny fivoarana benediktina. Ny tena nanaitra indrindra tamin' ny fanavaozana dia ny fiverenana amin' ny asa tanana, ary indrindra amin' ny asa an-tsaha. Nahazo aingam-panahy avy amin' i Bernard avy ao Clairvaux, mpanorina voalohany ny Sistersiana, izy ireo no lasa hery lehibe indrindra amin' ny fandrosoana ara-teknôlôjia sy amin' ny fampielezana tany Eorôpa tamin' ny Andro Antenatenany. Tamin’ ny faran’ ny taonjato faha-12 dia niisa 500 ny trano sistersiana, ary tamin’ ny faramparan' ny taonjato faha-15, dia voalaza fa nanana trano efa ho 750 ilay fikambanana. Ny ankamaroan' ireo trano ireo dia naorina tany an' efitra, ary nandray anjara lehibe tamin' ny fitondrana ny faritra mitoka-monina any Eorôpa ho amin' ny fambolena ara-toekarena.

Ny ambaratonga fahatelo amin' ny fanavaozana mônastika dia nomen' ny fananganana ny Filaharan' ny Mpangataka. Ny Mpangataka dia niaina eo ambany fitondrana mônastika miaraka amin' ny voady mahazatra momba ny fahantrana sy ny fahadiovam-pitondran-tena ary ny fankatoavana saingy manantitrantitra ny fitoriana sy ny asa misiônera ary ny fanabeazana, ao amin' ny mônastera mitokana. Nanomboka tamin’ ny taonjato faha-12, dia naorin’ ny mpanara-dia an’ i Fransisko avy any Assise ny Ôrdônansin’ ny Fransiskana, ary taorian’ izay dia i Md Dôminika no nanombohan’ ny Filaharana Dôminikana.

=== Fisondrotan' ny oniversite ===
Ny oniversite tandrefana môderna dia nipoitra mivantana avy amin' ny Fiangonana tamin' ny Andro Antenatenany.[105][106][107][108][109] Sekolin' ny katedraly no nanombohan' izy ireo, ary noheverina ho mpitondra fivavahana ny mpianatra rehetra.[110] Tombontsoa izany satria nametraka ny mpianatra ho eo ambany fahefan' ny Fiangonana izy ka nanome fiarovana sasany. Nisaraka tamin' ny katedraly ny sekoly katedraly tamin' ny farany ary nanangana ny andrim-pianarany manokana, ny voalohany indrindra dia ny Oniversiten' i Bologna (taona 1088) sy ny Oniversiten' i  Oxford (taona 1096) ary ny Oniversiten' i  Paris (manodidina ny taona 1150).[111] 112][113]

=== Tsy fifanarahana momba ny fametrahana eo amin' ny fahefana ===
Ny ady hevitra momba ny fametrahana eo amin' ny fahefana no ady lehibe indrindra teo amin' ny fahefana laîka sy ny fahefana ara-pivavahana izay nitranga tany Eorôpa tamin' ny Andro Antenatenany. Nanomboka tamin’ ny ady tamin’ ny taonjato faha-11 teo amin’ ny emperora masina rômana Henri IV sy ny papa Gregôrio VII momba izay hanendry eveka (fametrahana hitondra). Ny fiafaran' ny fametrahana amin' ny fitondrana ny laîka dia nandrahona hampihena ny herin' ny Empira Rômana Masina sy ny fanirian' ny andriana eorôpeana. Ny episkôpata dia fanendrena mandritra ny androm-piainany fotsiny, ny mpanjaka dia afaka mifehy bebe kokoa ny fahefany sy ny fidiram-bolany noho ny an' ny olo-manan-kaja. Azony atao koa aza ny mamela ny toerana ho banga ary manangona ny vola miditra, araka ny teôrian' ny fitokisana ny eveka vaovao, na manome episkôpata mba hanome karama olona ambony iray. Ny Eglizy Katôlika Rômana dia naniry ny hampitsahatra ny fandraisan' anjaran' ny laîka mba hampitsaharana izany toe-javatra izany sy ny fanararaotana hafa, mba hanavaozana ny episkôpata sy hanomezana fikarakarana pastôraly tsara kokoa. Namoaka ny Dictatus Papae ny papa Gregôrio VII, izay nanambara fa ny papa irery no afaka manendry eveka. Ny fandavan' i Henri IV an' ilay didim-panjakana dia nitarika ho amin' ny fandroahana azy sy ny fikomian' ny dioka. Tamin' ny farany dia nahazo famotsoran-keloka i Henri IV taorian' ny fivalozana ampahibemaso mahatsiravina nataony, na dia nitohy aza ny Fikomian' i Saksôna Lehibe sy ny fifandonana momba ny fametrahana ho eo amin' ny fitondrana.

Nisy ady hevitra mitovy amin’ izany nitranga tany Angletera teo amin’ ny mpanjaka Henri I sy Md Anselm, arsevekan’ i Canterbery, momba ny fahabangan-toerana sy ny fahabangan-toerana ho eveka. Ny fifandirana anglisy dia voavaha tamin' ny Kônkôrdatan' i Lôndra (1107), izay nandaozan' ny mpanjaka ny fitakiany hampiasa vola ho eveka fa nanohy nitaky fianianana. Môdely ampahany ho an' ny Kônkôrdatan' i Worms (Pactum Calixtinum) io, izay namaha ny resabe momba ny fampiasam-bola imperialy tamin' ny marimaritra iraisana izay nahafahan' ny manam-pahefana nifehy ny fahefany, saingy nanome ny fifantenana ny eveka ho an' ny kanôna katedraly. Ho mariky ny marimaritra iraisana, dia samy nampiasa ny eveka niaraka tamin' ny mpiasa sy ny peratra ny eveka na ny manam-pahefana ara-pivavahana sy ny laîka.

=== Kroazada ===
Amin' ny ankapobeny, ny kroazada (1095–1291) dia ny adin' ny Kristiana eorôpeana tao amin' ny Tany Masina, notohanan' ny papa, tamin' ny Miozolmana mba hamerenana ny faritr' i Palestina amin' ny Kristiana indray.[114][115][116] Nisy diaben' ny mpiantafika hafa niady tamin' ny tafika miozolmana tany Mediteranea, indrindra tany amin' ny faritra atsimo amin' i Espaina, sy atsimo amin' i Italia, ary any amin' ny nosy Sipra sy Malta ary Sisilia.[115] Ny papa koa dia nanohana ny kroazada maro hanoherana ny vahoaka pagàna any Eorôpa Avaratra-Atsinana mba handresena sy hampiova finoana azy ireo ho kristiana, [114] hanoherana ny fahavalony ara-pôlitika any Eorôpa Andrefana, ary hanoherana ny fivavahan-diso (herezia) na ny fivavahana vitsy mpanaraka ao amin' ny kristianisma eorôpeana.[117]

Ny Tany Masina dia tao anatin' ny Empira Rômana, ary noho izany dia tao amin' ny Empira Bizantina, mandra-pahatongan' ny fananiham-bohitra nataon' ny Arabo miozolmana tamin' ny taonjato faha-7 sy faha-8. Taorian' izay, amin' ny ankapobeny dia navela hitsidika ny toerana masina maro tao amin' ny Tany Masina ny Kristiana hatramin' ny taona 1071, rehefa nanakatona ny fivahiniana masina kristiana ny Tiorka Seljokida sady nanafika an' i Bizantioma (na Bizansa), nandresy azy ireo tamin' ny ady tao Manzikert. Ny emperora Aleksiôsy I dia nangataka fanampiana tamin' ny papa Orbano II hanoherana ny herisetra nataon' ny Miozolmana. Azo inoana fa nanantena vola tamin’ ny papa izy mba homena mpikarama an’ ady. Raha ny tokony ho izy dia niantso an’ ireo miaramilan’ ny fiangonana kristiana i Orbano II tamin’ ny lahateny nataony tao amin’ ny Kônsilin’ i Clermont tamin’ ny 27 Nôvambra 1095, ka nampifangaro ny hevitra momba ny fivahiniana masina any amin’ ny Tany Masina sy ny ady masina amin’ ny tsy mpino.[118]

Ny Kroazada voalohany dia nahazo an' i Antiôkia tamin' ny taona 1099 ary avy eo nahazo an' i Jerosalema. Ny Kroazada faharoa dia nitranga tamin' ny taona 1145 rehefa nalain' ny tafika silamo i Edessa. I Jerosalema dia natao hatramin' ny 1187 sy ny Kroazada fahatelo, taorian' ny ady teo amin' i Richard Fon-Diona sy i Saladîna. Ny Kroazada fahefatra, natombok' i Inôkento III tamin’ ny taona 1202, dia nikasa haka indray ny Tany Masina, saingy tsy ela dia noravan’ ny Venesiana. Rehefa tonga tao Kônstantinôpla ny mpiady dia norobainy ny tanàna sy ny faritra hafa tany Azia Minora ary natsangany ny Empira Latinan’ i Kônstantinôpla tany Grisia sy tany Azia Minora. Kroazada dimy no tany amin' ny Tany Masina, izay niafara tamin' ny fanaovana fahirano an' i Acre tamin' ny taona 1219, ary namarana ny fisian' ny Tandrefana tao amin' ny Tany Masina.[119]

Notanan' ny mpiantafika nandritra ny zato taona teo ho eo i Jerosalema, fa ny tanàna mimanda hafa tany amin' ny faritr' i Atsinanana Akaiky kosa dia nijanona ela kokoa teo amin' ny maha fananan' ny Kristiana azy. Tsy nahavita nanangana fanjakana kristiana maharitra ireo kroazada tao amin’ ny Tany Masina ireo. Nijanona ho loza mitatao nandritra ny taonjato maro ny fanitaran-tany nataon' ny Miozolmana tany Eorôpa, ary niafara amin' ny fanafihana maharitra nataon' i Suleiman Mamirapiratra tamin' ny taonjato faha-16. Ny kroazada tany Iberia (atao hoe Reconquista), atsimon' i Italia, sy tany Sisilia dia nitarika ho amin' ny faharavàn' ny fahefana silamo tany Eorôpa. Ny Kroazada Albizoà dia nikendry ireo Katara mpivadi-pinoana any atsimo amin' i Frantsa; miaraka amin' ny Inkizisiôna naorina taorian' izany, dia nahomby tamin' ny fandringanana ny Katara. Ny Kroazada Wendish dia nahomby tamin' ny fandresen-dahatra sy ny famadihana an-keriny ny Slava pagàna tany atsinanan' i Alemaina môderina. Ny Kroazada Livôniana, izay notanterahin' ny Teotônika Knights sy ny fikambanan' ny moanina mpiady hafa, dia nandresy sy nanova an-keriny ny Balta pagàna tao Livônia sy Prosia. Na izany aza, ny Diokea Lehibe any Litoania pagàna dia nahomby tamin' ny fanoherana ny Knights ary niova finoana an-tsitrapo tamin' ny taonjato faha-14.[120]

=== Inkizisiôna tamin' ny Andro Antenatenany ===
Ny Inkizisiôna tamin' ny Andro Antenatenany dia andiana inkizisiôna (notanterahin' ny fikambanana ao amin' ny eglizy katôlika rômana nanafoana ny hetsika kristiana noheverin' izy ireo ho heretika) nanomboka tamin' ny taona 1184, anisan' izany ny Inkizisiôna Episkôpaly (1184–1230) ary taty aoriana ny Inkizisiôna Papaly (1230s–1240s). Izy io dia natao ho setrin' ny hetsika kristiana tao Eorôpa heverina ho mpivadi-pinoana na mivadi-pinoana amin' ny Katôlika tandrefana, indrindra ny Bôgômila, [121] ny Katara (na Albizoà), [122] ny Valdeana, [123] ny Begina sy Begara, [124] ny Lolara, [125] ny Hosita, [126] ary Jiosy eorôpeana, [127] izay niely tany amin' ny Fanjakana Bolgara, [121] tao atsimo amin' i Frantsa, [122] any Italia Avaratra, [123] any Flandra sy Rhin, [124] any Angletera, [124] 125] any amin' ny tanin' ny Fanjakana Bôhemiana [126] sy ny tany maro nitambatra teo ambanin' ny Fanjakan' i Aragôna.[127] Io no hetsiky ny inkizisiôna voalohany amin' ny maro manaraka tao amin' ny kristianisma eorôpeana.

=== Fielezan' ny kristianisma ===
Ny fitoriana ny Filazantsara tany Skandinavia tany am-boalohany dia notanterahan' ny Anglô-saksona izay efa kristiana nandritra ny asa fitoriana nataony tany amin' ny Saikinosy Skandinaviana; I Ansgar, arsevekan' i  Bremen, nomena anaram-bosotra hoe &quot;Apostolin' ny Avaratra&quot; no nisongadina indrindra tamin' ireo misiônera anglô-saksôna.[128] I Ansgar, teraka tany Amiens, dia nirahina niaraka tamin’ ny andiana moanina nankany Jutland, any Danemarka, tamin’ ny taona 820 tany ho any, tamin’ ny andron’i Harald Klak, mpanjaka mpomba ny Kristianina.[128] Nahomby ihany ilay iraka, ary niverina tany Alemaina i Ansgar roa taona tatỳ aoriana, rehefa noroahina hiala tao amin’ny fanjakany i Harald. Tamin’ny taona 829, i Ansgar dia nankany Birka teo amin’ny Farihin’i Mälaren, any Soeda, niaraka tamin’i Witmar mpanampy azy, ary nisy kôngregasiona kely niforona tamin’ny taona 831, izay nahitana an’i Hergeir, mpitandrina ny mpanjaka. Niadam-pandroso anefa ny fiovam-pinoana, ary ny ankamaroan’ny faritra skandinaviana dia lasa kristiana tanteraka tamin’ny andron’ny mpanapaka toa an’i Saint Canute IV any Danemarka sy Olaf I any Nôrvezy tamin’ny taona nanaraka ny taona 1000.

Ny fampielezana ny kristianisma tany amin' ny Slava dia natomboky ny iray tamin'ireo mpiangona nahay indrindra tao Bizansa — ny patriarika Photios I avy any Kônstantinôpla. Nifidy an’i Cyrille sy Methodius ny emperora bizantina Michael III ho valin’ny fangatahan’i Rastislav mpanjakan’i Moravia, izay naniry misiônera afaka nanompo any amin' ny Môraviana tamin’ ny fiteniny. Nampiasa ny fiteny slavônika teo an-toerana izy mirahalahy, ary nandika ny Baiboly sy ny boky fivavahana maro.[129] Koa satria ny fandikan-teny nomanin’izy ireo dia nadikan’ny mpiteny amin’ny fitenim-paritra hafa, dia niforona ny [[fiteny slavônika tranain' ny fangonana i]]&lt;nowiki/&gt;zay fiteny safiotra nampiasaina amin' ny literatiora, izay nivelatra ho [[fiteny slavônikan' ny fiangonana]] tatỳ aoriana, ary io no fiteny litorzika mahazatra mbola ampiasain’ny Fiangonana Ôrtôdôksa Rosiana sy ny Kristianina ôrtôdôksa slava hafa. Nanohy ny fampiovam-pinoana ny Serba i Methodius.[130]

I Bolgaria dia firenena pagàna hatramin'ny niorenany tamin'ny 681 ka hatramin'ny 864, rehefa niova ho kristianina i Boris I. Sarotra ny anton'izany fanapahan-kevitra izany; ny antony lehibe indrindra dia ny hoe teo anelanelan'ny empira kristianina roa matanjaka i Bolgaria, dia i Bizansa sy i Frankia Atsinanana; ny foto-pampianarana kristiana dia nankasitraka indrindra ny toeran'ny mpanjaka amin'ny maha-solontenan'Andriamanitra azy eto an-tany, ary i Boris koa dia nahita izany ho fomba iray handresena ny tsy fitovian'ny Bolgara sy ny Slava.[131][132] Neken’i Kônstantinôpla tamin’ny fomba ôfisialy ho patriarikata i Bolgaria tamin’ny taona 927, i Serbia tamin’ny taona 1346, ary i Rosia tamin’ny taona 1589. Efa niova ho kristiana ela be talohan’ireo daty ireo firenena rehetra ireo.</text>
      <sha1>fnxfv1ff1d1m9pg0b5w8nej63f83gtc</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1047035</id>
      <parentid>1047030</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-19T13:30:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Thelezifor</username>
        <id>15140</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="64176" xml:space="preserve">Ny '''tantaran' ny kristianisma''' dia mahakasika ny [[Kristianisma|fivavahana kristiana]], ny [[firenena kristiana]], ary ny [[Kristianina|Kristiana]] miaraka amin' ny antokom-pinoana kristiana samihafa, nanomboka tamin' ny [[Kristiana tamin' ny taonjato voalohany|taonjato voalohany]] ka hatramin' izao.

Ny kristianisma dia niainga tamin' ny asa fanompoana nataon' i [[Jesoa]] (na [[Jesosy]]),  izay Jiosy mpampianatra sy mpanasitrana, nanambara ny maha efa akaiky ny [[fanjakan' Andriamanitra]] ary [[Fanomboana an' i Jesoa|nohomboana]] tamin' ny [[hazo fijaliana]] tamin' ny taona 30–33 taor. J.K. tao [[Jerosalema (Andro Taloha)|Jerosalema]] tao [[Jodea]] izay faritany rômana. Mino ny mpanara-dia azy fa, araka ny [[Filazantsara]] na [[Evanjely]] dia [[Zanak'Andriamanitra (kristianisma)|Zanak' Andriamanitra]] izy ary maty ho famelan-keloka ary [[Fitsanganan' i Jesoa ho velona|natsangana tamin' ny maty]] sy nasandratr' Andriamanitra, ary hiverina tsy ho ela amin' ny fiandohan' ny fanjakan' Andriamanitra.

Ny mpanara-dia an' i Jesoa voalohany indrindra dia ireo [[Jodeô-kristianisma|Kristiana jiosy]] [[Apôkaliptisisma|apôkaliptika]]. Ny fampidirana ny [[Jentily]] na [[Jentilisa]] ao amin' ny Fiangonana kristiana voalohany izay an-dalam-pandrosoana dia niteraka fisarahana teo amin' ny [[jodaisma]] sy ny kristianisma jiosy nandritra ireo taonjato roa voalohany tamin' ny [[vanim-potoana kristiana]]. Tamin' ny taona 313, ny emperora [[Kônstantino I]] dia namoaka ny [[Didy tao Milano]] izay naha ara-dalàna ny fivavahana kristiana. Tamin' ny taona 380, niaraka tamin’ny [[Didy tao Tesalônika]] navoaka teo ambany fitarihan' i [[Teôdôsiosy I|Teôdôsiôsy I]], ny [[Empira Rômana]] dia nandray tamin' ny fomba ôfisialy ny [[Trinite|kristianisma trinitariana]] ho [[fivavaham-panjakana]], ary ny kristianisma dia nametraka ny tenany ho fivavahana rômanina nanjaka tao amin' ny Fiangonan' ny Empira Rômana. Ny adihevitra [[Kristôlôjia|kristôlôjika]] momba ny maha-olombelona sy ny maha-Andriamanitra an' i Jesoa dia nandreraka ny ny Fiangonana kristiana nandritra ny taonjato roa, ary ny [[kônsily ekiomenika]] fito dia natao mba hamahàna ireo adihevitra ireo. Nomelohina ny [[Arianisma (teôlôjia)|arianisma]] nandritra amin' ny [[Kônsily voalohany tao Nikea]] (taona 325), izay nanohana ny fampianarana momba ny Trinite izay nohazavaina tao amin' ny [[Fanekem-pinoana nikeana]].

Tany am-piandohan' ny [[Andro Antenatenany]], ny [[Fitoriana ny Filazantsara|asa fitoriana]] nataon' ny misiônera dia nampiely ny kristianisma tany Andrefana teo amin' ireo [[Jermanika|vahoaka jermanika]]. Nandritra ny [[Andro Antenatenany Ambony]] (manodidina ny taona 1000 hatramin' ny 1250) dia nisaraka ny [[Kristianisma Tatsinanana|kristianisma tatsinanana]] sy [[Kristianisma Tandrefana|kristianisma tandrefana]], ka nitarika ho amin' ny Fisarahan' ny [[Fiangonana Tatsinanana sy Tandrefana]] tamin' ny taona 1054. Nitombo ny fanakianana ny rafi-piangonana katôlika rômana sy ny fitondran-tena tao aminy ka nitarika ny hetsika prôtestanta tamin' ny taonjato faha-16 sy ny fivakisan' ny kristianisma tandrefana. Nanomboka tamin' ny vanim-potoan' ny Renaissance, miaraka amin' ny [[fanjanahan-tany]] izay nentanin' ny Fiangonana, dia niely eran' izao tontolo izao ny kristianisma. Amin' izao fotoana izao dia misy Kristiana maherin' ny 2&amp;nbsp;000 tapitrisa eran-tany, ary ny kristianisma no lasa fivavahana lehibe indrindra eran-tany. Tao anatin' ny taonjato farany, rehefa nihena ny fitaoman' ny kristianisma tany Andrefana, dia nitombo haingana izany tany Atsinanana sy tany amin' ny faritra Atsimo amin' ny Tany; any [[Repoblika Entim-Bahoakan' i Sina|Sina]], any [[Kôrea Atsimo]] ary any amin' ny ankamaroan' ny firenena aty [[Afrika atsimon' i Sahara]].

== Fiandohana ==

=== Fiaviana jiosy-helenista ===
Ny zava-nisy ara-pivavahana sy ara-tsôsialy ary ara-pôlitika tany [[Jodea]] nofehezin' ny Rômana tamin' ny taonjato voalohany sy tany amin' ireo faritany mifanolo-bodirindrina aminy dia tena samy hafa ary tsy mitsaha-mitombo ny korontana ara-tsôsialy sy ara-pôlitika, [1][22][23] miaraka amin' ny hetsika jodaika maro izay samy mahakasika ny fivavahana sy ny pôlitika. [24] I [[Flavio Jôsefa]] mpahay tantara rômana sy jiosy fahiny, dia nanoritsoritra ny amin' ny sekta efatra nisongadina indrindra tao anatin’ ny jodaisma nandritra ny vanimpotoan’ ny Tempoly Faharoa: ny [[Fariseo]] (na Fariziina), ny [[Sadoseo]] (na Sadoseana) ny [[Eseniana]], ary ny “[[Filôzôfia Fahefatra (jodaisma)|Filôzôfia Fahefatra]]” tsy fantatra anarana,[25] izay eken’ ny mpahay tantara môderna ho tsy iza fa ny [[Zelôta]] sy ny [[Sikary]] [26]. Tamin' ny taonjato voalohany tal. J.K. sy tamin' ny taonjato voalohany taor. J.K. dia nanana mpitondra fivavahana karismatika maro nandray anjara tamin' izay ho lasa mishnah ny jodaisma rabinika, anisan' izany ny olon-kendry jiosy Yohanan ben Zakkai sy Hanina ben Dosa. Ny mesianisma jiosy, sy ny foto-kevitry ny Mesia jiosy, dia avy amin' ny [[literatiora apôkaliptika]] novokarina teo anelanelan' ny taonjato faha-2 tal. J.K. sy tamin' ny taonjato voalohany tal. J.K., [27] mampanantena mpitarika &quot;voahosotra&quot; ho avy ([[mesia]] na mpanjaka) avy amin' i [[Davida (mpanjaka)|Davida]] mba hanangana ny [[Fanjakan' Andriamanitra|Fanjakan’ Andriamanitra]] israelita, ho solon’ ireo mpitondra hafa firenena tamin’ izany fotoana izany.[1]

=== Asa fanompoan' i Jesoa ===
Ny loharanom-baovao lehibe indrindra momba ny fiainan’ i [[Jesoa]] sy ny fampianarany dia ny [[Filazantsara]] (na Evanjely) kanônika efatra, ary amin’ ny ampahany kely dia ny [[Asan' ny Apôstôly|Asan’ ny Apôstôly]] sy ny [[Epistilin' i Paoly|epistilin’ i Paoly]]. Araka ny voalazan’ ny Filazantsara dia [[Zanak' Andriamanitra]] i Jesoa izay [[Fanomboana an' i Jesoa|nohomboana tamin' ny hazo fijaliana]] manodidina ny taona 30–33 taor. J.K. tany [[Jerosalema]].[1] Nino ny mpanara-dia azy fa [[Fitsanganan' i Jesoa ho velona|natsangana tamin’ ny maty]] izy ary nasandratr’ Andriamanitra, nitory ny Fanjakan’ Andriamanitra ho avy.[1]

== Kristianisma voalohany ==
Ny kristianisma voalohany (manodidina ny taona 31/33–324) amin' ny ankapobeny dia raisin’ ny mpahay tantaran’ ny fiangonana manomboka amin’ ny fanompoan’ i Jesoa (manodidina ny taona 27–30) ary nifarana tamin’ ny [[Kônsily voalohany tao Nikea]] (taona 325). Matetika izy io dia mizara ho vanim-potoana roa: ny vanim-potoana apôstôlika (taona 30–100 any ho any, fony mbola velona ny [[Apôstôly roa ambin' ny folo|Apôstôly]] voalohany) sy ny vanim-potoana ante-nikeana (taona 100–325 tany ho any).[28]

=== Andro Apôstôlika ===
Ny vanim-potoana apôstôlika dia nomena ny anaran' ny [[Apôstôly roa ambin' ny folo|Apôstôly]] sy ny asa fitoriana nataon' izy ireo. Izy io dia manana dikany manokana amin' ny lova kristiana amin' ny maha-andron' ny Apôstôlin' i Jesoa mivantana azy ireo. Loharanom-baovao voalohany ho an' ny vanim-potoanan' ny Apôstôly ny [[Asan' ny Apôstôly]], saingy niadian-kevitra ny fahamarinany ara-tantara ary ny fari-potoana voarakony dia ampahany, izay mifantoka indrindra amin' ny Asan' ny Apôstôly toko faha-15[29] hatrany amin' ny asa fanompoan' i [[Paoly (apôstôly)|Paoly]], ary nifarana tamin' ny 62 taor. J.K. tamin' ny fitorian' i Paoly tany [[Rôma Taloha|Rôma]] izay nigadrany tao an-tranomaizina.

Ny mpanara-dia an' i Jesoa voalohany indrindra dia sekta nisy ny [[Kristiana jiosy apôkaliptika]] tao anatin' ny [[jodaisman' ny Tempoly Faharoa]].[1][30][31][32][33] Ireo antokon’ olona kristiana tany am-boalohany ireo dia tena [[Jiosy]], toy ny [[Ebiônita]], [30] sy ny fiangonana kristiana voalohany tany [[Jerosalema]], izay notarihan’ i [[Jakoba ilay Marina|Jakoba Ilay Marina]], rahalahin’ i Jesoa.[34] Araka ny Asan’ ny Apôstôly toko fa-9, [35] dia nilaza ny tenany ho “mpianatry ny Tompo” sy [mpanara-dia] “ny Lalana” izy ireo, ary araka ny Asan’ ny Apôstôly toko faha-11, [36] dia ny vondron’ ny mpianatra nanorim-ponenana tany [[Antiôkia]] no nantsoina voalohany amin' ny anarana hoe “''Kristiana”''. Ny sasany tamin' ireo vondrom-piarahamonina kristiana voalohany ireo dia nahasarika an' ireo olona antsoina hoe &quot;[[Matahotra an' Andriamanitra|natahotra an' Andriamanitra]]&quot;, izany hoe ireo Grekô-Rômana niray fo tamin' ny jodaisma nefa tsy nety niova finoana ho amin' izany fivavahana izany fa nitazona ny maha [[Jentilisa]] na Jentily (tsy Jiosy, tsy Jody) azy, izay efa nitsidika [[sinagôga]] jiosy.[37][38] Niteraka olana ny fampidirana ny Jentilisa, satria tsy afaka nitandrina tsara ny [[Halakà]] izy ireo. I Saoly avy any Tarsosy, izay fantatra amin’ ny anarana hoe Paoly Apôstôly, dia nanenjika ny Kristiana jiosy tany am-boalohany, nefa niova fo taty aoriana sy nanomboka nanao ny asa nanirahana azy tany amin’ ny Jentilisa[37]. Ny tena zava-dehibe amin’ ny [[Epistilin'i Paoly|taratasin' i Paoly]] dia ny fampidirana ny Jentilisa ao amin’ ny [[Fanekem-pihavanana vaovao]]&lt;nowiki/&gt;n’ Andriamanitra, izay mandefa hafatra fa ny finoana an’ i Kristy dia ampy hahazoana ny [[famonjena]][37][39][40]. Noho io fampidirana ny Jentilisa io dia niova ny toetran' ny kristianisma voalohany ary nitombo tsikelikely ivelan' ny [[jodaisma]] nandritra ny taonjato roa voalohany amin' ny vanim-potoana kristiana.[37] Nanao tonon-tsiahy lovantsofina i Eosebio sy Epifanio avy any Salamisy, izay [[Rain' ny Fiangonana]], tamin’ ny taonjato fahefatra, fa talohan’ ny nandravana an’ i [[Jerosalema]] tamin’ ny taona 70, dia nampitandremina tamin’ ny fomba mahagaga ny Kristiana tao Jerosalema mba handositra ho any Pela, any amin’ ny faritr’ i [[Dekapôlisy]], any ampitan’ ny ony [[Jordana (ony)|Jôrdana]].[41]

Ny [[Filazantsara]] sy ny [[Epistily]] ao amin' ny [[Testamenta Vaovao]] dia mirakitra ireo fiekem-pinoana sy fihirana tany am-boalohany, ary koa ny fitantarana momba ny [[fijalian' i Jesoa]], ny [[fasana foana]] ary ny fisehoan' i Jesoa taorin' ny [[Fitsanganan' i Jesoa ho velona|fitsanganany amin' ny maty]][43]. Ny kristianisma tany am-boalohany dia niely hatrany tamin' ny mpino tao amin' ireo vahoaka [[Fiteny arameana|miteny arameana]] teny amin' ny tany manamorona ny [[Ranomasina Mediteranea]] ary koa tany amin' ny faritra afovoan' ny [[Empira Rômana]] sy tany amin' ny faritra hafa, tany amin' ny [[Empira Partiana]] sy ny [[Empira Sasaniana]] tatỳ aoriana, anisan' izany i [[Mesôpôtamia]], izay nanjakan' ireo empira ireo tamin' ny vanim-potoana samihafa.[44]

=== Vanim-potoana ante-nikeana ===
Ny vanim-potoana talohan' ny [[Kônsily voalohany tao Nikea|Kônsily tao Nikea]] (na Nisea) dia vanim-potoana taorian' ny vanim-potoana apôstôlika ka hatramin' ity [[kônsily]] ity tamin' ny taona 325. Tamin' ny fiandohan' ny vanim-potoana nikeana niely nanerana an' i [[Eorôpa Andrefana]] sy ny Lemaka Mediteraneana ary any [[Afrika Avaratra]] sy [[Afrika Atsinanana|Atsinanana]] ny finoana. Nisy rafitry ny Fiangonana ara-dalàna kokoa nipoitra avy tamin’ ireo vondrom-piarahamonina tany am-boalohany, ary nivelatra ny [[foto-pampianarana]] kristiana samihafa. Nihataka tamin’ ny [[jodaisma]] ny [[kristianisma]], ka namorona ny maha-izy azy manokana tamin’ ny alalan’ ny fandavana mafy ny jodaisma sy ny fanao jiosy.

==== Fampandrosoana ny rafi-piangonana ====
Nitombo teo amin' ny 40% teo ho eo isan-taona ny isan' ny Kristiana nandritra ny taonjato voalohany sy faharoa.[45] Tao amin' ny fiangonana taorian' ny Apôstôly dia nisy ambaratongam-pitondram-pivavahana nipoitra tsikelikely satria ny mpiandraikitra ny vahoaka kristiana an-tanàn-dehibe dia naka endrika &quot;''episkopoi''&quot; (mpiandraikitra; niandohan' ny teny hoe &quot;eveka&quot; sy &quot;episkôpaly&quot;) sy &quot;''presbyter''&quot; (loholona; niandohan' ny teny hoe &quot;pretra&quot;) ary avy eo &quot;diakon&quot; (mpanompo; niavian' ny hoe &quot;diakôna&quot; na &quot;diakra&quot;). Saingy nipoitra tsikelikely izany ary tamin' ny fotoana samihafa tany amin' ny toerana samihafa. I [[Klemento avy any Rôma|Klemento]], evekan’ i Rôma tamin’ ny taonjato voalohany, dia nanondro ny mpitarika ny fiangonana kôrintiana tao amin’ ny epistiliny ho an’ ny Kôrintiana ho &quot;eveka&quot; sy &quot;presbitera&quot; mifandimby. Ny mpanoratra ao amin' ny [[Testamenta Vaovao]] koa dia mampiasa ny teny hoe mpiandraikitra sy loholona amin' ny fifandimbiasana sy amin' ny teny mitovy hevitra.[46]

==== Kristianisma isan-karazany ====
Ny vanim-potoana ante-nikeana dia nahita ny firongatry ny sekta sy fivavahana ary hetsika kristiana marobe izay nanana toetra mampiray sy matanjaka izay tsy ampy tamin' ny vanim-potoanan' ny [[Apôstôly roa ambin' ny folo|Apôstôly]]. Samy nanana ny fomba fahazoany ny [[Baiboly]] izy ireo, indrindra fa ny momba ny foto-pampianarana teôlôjika toy ny [[Andriamanitra Zanaka|maha Andriamanitra an’ i Jesoa]] sy ny toetran’ ny [[Trinite]]. Maro amin' ny fiovaovana nisy nandritra izany fotoana izany no manohitra ny fanasokajiana tsara, satria ny endrika samihafan' ny kristianisma dia nifanerasera tamin' ny fomba sarotra mba hamoronana ny toetran' ny kristianisma mavitrika izay nisy nandritra izany vanim-potoana izany. Ny vanim-potoana taorian' ny Andro Aapôstôlika dia samy hafa na teo amin' ny finoana sy ny fanao. Ho fanampin' ny sampana midadasika amin' ny kristianisma, dia nisy fiovana tsy tapaka sy fahasamihafàna izay niteraka fifandirana teo amin' ny samy ao anatiny sy ny fananganana [[sinkretisma]].[47][48][49][50]

==== Fampandrosoana ny kanônan' ny Baiboly ====
Ny [[epistilin' i Paoly]] dia nivezivezy tamin' ny endrika voangona tamin' ny faran' ny taonjato voalohany.[51] Tany am-piandohan' ny taonjato faha-3 dia nisy andiana asa soratra kristiana mitovy amin' ny [[Testamenta Vaovao]] ankehitriny, na dia mbola nisy aza ny fifandirana momba ny maha-kanônika ny [[Epistily ho an' ny Hebreo]], ny [[Epistilin' i Jakoba]], ny [[Epistily voalohan' i Petera]], ny [[Epistily voalohan' i Joany|Epistily voalohany]] sy [[Epistily faharoan' i Joany|faharoan' i Joany]] ary ny [[Apôkalipsin' i Joany|Apôkalipsy]].[52][53] Tamin' ny taonjato faha-4, dia nisy firaisankina teo amin' ny Tandrefana momba ny kanônan' ny [[Testamenta Vaovao]], [54] ary tamin' ny taonjato faha-5 dia nanaiky ny Bokin' ny Apôkalipsy ny Atsinanana, afa-tsy ny maningana vitsivitsy, ka dia nifanaraka tamin' io raharaha io. ny kanôna.[55]

==== Asa soratra prôtô-ôrtôdôksa ====
Rehefa niely nanerana ny tanin’ ny [[Empira Rômana]] sy tany ivelan’ ny sisin-taniny ny kristianisma, dia nahazo mpikambana sasany avy amin’ ny saranga ara-tsôsialy ambony sy ny nahita fianarana tsara teo amin’ ny tontolo grika izy; lasa eveka izy ireo indraindray. Namokatra karazana asa roa izy ireo, dia ny [[teôlôjia]] sy ny [[apôlôjia]], ary ireto farany dia asa natao hiarovana ny finoana kristiana amin’ ny fampiasana ny saina sy ny [[filôzôfia]] ary ny Soratra Masina mba hanoherana ny hevitra manohitra ny fahamarinan’ ny kristianisma. Ireo mpanoratra ireo dia fantatra amin' ny anarana hoe [[Rain' ny Fiangonana]] na Aban' ny Eglizy, ary ny fandalinana ny fiainany sy ny asa sorany dia antsoina hoe [[patristika]]. Anisan' ireo Rain' ny Fiangonana voalohany malaza i Ignatiôsy avy any Antiôkia, i Pôlikarpôsy, i Jostinôsy Martira, i Ireneo, i Klemento avy any Aleksandria, i Tertoliano, ary i Ôrigenesy.

==== Zavakanton' ny Kristiana voalohany ====
Ny zavakanto sy ny maritrano kristiana tany am-boalohany dia nipoitra somary tara ary ny sary kristiana voalohany fantatra dia nipoitra tamin' ny taona 200 tany ho any, [56] na dia misy porofo avy amin' ny literatiora aza fa nampiasaina teo aloha ny sary kely an-trano. [[katakômba]], nisy tamin' ny 200 teo ho eo, ary ny sary sokitra kristiana tranainy indrindra dia avy amin' ny [[sarkôfazy]], nanomboka tamin' ny fiandohan' ny taonjato faha-3.[57] Ny fandavana ny sary tany am-boalohany, sy ny tsy maintsy hanafenana ny fanao kristiana amin' ny fanenjehana, dia namela firaketana an-tsoratra vitsivitsy momba ny kristianisma voalohany sy ny fivoarany.[57]

==== Nenjehina avy eo nekena ho ara-dalàna ====
Tsy nisy fanenjehana nanerana ny [[Empira Rômana]] ny Kristiana hatramin' ny nanjakan' i [[Dekio]] tamin' ny taonjato faha-3.[58] Ny fanenjehana farany sy mafy indrindra nokarakarain' ny manampahefana rômana dia ny fanenjehana nataon' i [[Diôkletiano]] tamin' ny taona, 303 hatramin' ny 311.[59]

Ny Didin' i Serdica dia navoaka tamin' ny 311 avy amin' ny emperora rômana Galerio, izay namarana tamin' ny fomba ôfisialy ny fanenjehana ny Kristiana tany Atsinanana. Tamin’ ny famoahana ny Didin’ i Milano (313), izay nametrahan’ ny emperora rômana [[Kônstantino Lehibe]] sy i Likinio ho ara-dalàna ny fivavahana kristiana, dia nitsahatra ny fanenjehana ny Kristiana nataon’ ny Empira Rômana[60].

Ny [[Fanjakan' i Armenia]] no firenena voalohany teto amin' izao tontolo izao nametraka ny kristianisma ho fivavaham-panjakana, rehefa, tamin' ny hetsika fanao mahazatra tamin' ny taona 301, i [[Gregôrio Mpanazava]] nandresy lahatra an' i [[Tiridatesy III]], mpanjakan' i Armenia, hiova ho Kristiana.

== Ampahany farany amin' ny Andro Taloha (325–476) ==

=== Ny fitaoman' ny emperora Kônstantino ===
Sarotra ny hamantarana hoe hatraiza ny kristianisma noraisin’ ny emperora rômana Kônstantino tamin’ io fotoana io,[61] fa ny nidirany dia kihon-dalana ho an’ ny Fiangonana kristiana. Nanohana ara-bola ny Fiangonana izy, nanorina [[bazilika]] isan-karazany, nanome tombontsoa (ohatra: fanafahana amin’ ny hetra sasany) ho an’ ny mpitondra fiangonana, nampisondrotra ny Kristiana ho amin’ ny toerana ambony sasany, ary namerina ny fananana nogiazana [62] . Nandray anjara mavitrika tamin’ ny fitarihana ny Fiangonana i Kônstantino. Tamin' ny taona 316, dia nitsara ny ady tany Afrika Avaratra momba ny adihevitra mikasika ny dônatista izy. Ny zava-dehibe kokoa, tamin' ny 325 dia nampiantso ny [[Kônsily voalohany tao Nikea|Kônsilin' i Nikea]] izy, izay [[kônsily ekiomenika]] voalohany. Noho izany dia nametraka ohatra ho an’ ny emperora izy ho tompon’ andraikitra eo anatrehan’ Andriamanitra amin’ ny fahasalamana ara-panahin’ ireo olom-peheziny, ary noho izany dia manana adidy hihazona ny ôrtôdôksia (na fampianarana marina). Izy dia tokony hampihatra ny [[foto-pampianarana]], hamongotra ny [[fivavahan-diso]], ary hanohana ny firaisan-kina ara-pivavahana[63].

Ilay mpandimby ny zanak' i Kônstantino, atao hoe Joliano, zana-drahalahiny, teo ambany fitarihan' i Mardônio mpanolo-tsaina azy, dia nandao ny kristianisma ary nandray ny endriky ny [[paganisma grika-rômana]] [[Neôplatônisma|neôplatônika]] sy mistika, izay nanafintohina ny fiorenan' ny Kristiana[64]. Niezaka namelona indray ny paganisma grika-rômana tao amin’ ny [[Empira Rômana]] izy ary nanomboka tamin’ ny fanokafana indray ny tempolin’ izany fivavahana izany, ka nanova azy ireo hitovy amin’ ny fomba kristiana, toy ny [[rafitra episkôpaly]] sy ny fiantrana ampahibemaso (izay tsy fantatra teo amin’ ny fivavahana grika-rômana). Nifarana ny fotoana fohy nanjakan’ i Joliano rehefa maty tamin’ ny ady tamin’ ny [[Persia|Persiana]] izy (363).

=== Ny arianisma sy ny kônsily ekiomenika voalohany ===
Ny fotopampianaran' ny [[kristôlôjia]] manohitra ny [[Trinite]] malaza, izay niely nanerana ny [[Empira Rômana]] nanomboka tamin' ny taonjato faha-4, dia ny [[Arianisma (teôlôjia)|arianisma]], [65] [66] naorin' ny presbitera kristiana [[Ariosy]] avy any Aleksandria, any Egipta, izay nampianatra fa i [[Jesoa|Jesoa Kristy]] dia zavaboary miavaka sy ambany noho [[Andriamanitra Ray]].[65][66]

Na dia nohelohina ho [[fivavahan-diso]] aza ny fampianaran' i Ariosy ka nesorin’ ny Fiangonana tao amin’ ny Empira Rômana tamin’ ny farany, dia nalaza hatrany ivelan' ny tanin' ilay empira izy io nandritra ny fotoana elaela. Tamin' ny faramparan' ny taonjato faha-4, i Olfila, eveka rômana mpomba ny arianisma, no voatendry ho misiônera kristiana voalohany tany amin' ny [[Gôty (vahoaka)|Gôty]], [[vahoaka jermanika]] tany amin' ny ampahany be amin' i [[Eorôpa]] teo amin' ny sisin-tany sy tao anatin' ny Empira Rômana.[65][66] I Olfila dia nampiely ny arianisma teo amin' ny Gôty, nampiorina mafy ny finoana teo amin' ny foko jermanika maro, ka nanampy azy ireo hitoetra tsy hitovy amin' ny kolontsaina sy ny fivavahan' ny [[Kristianisma kalkedôniana|Kristiana kalkedôniana]].[65][66][67]

Nandritra io vanim-potoana io, dia natao ny [[kônsily ekiomenika]] voalohany. Niadian-kevitra ny fifandirana ara-pinoana sy ara-pivavahana. Ny [[Kônsily voalohany tao Nikea]] (taona 325) sy ny [[Kônsily voalohany tao Kônstantinôpla]] (taona 381) dia niafara tamin’ ny fanamelohana ny arianisma ho fivavahan-diso ary namoaka ny [[Fanekem-pinoana nikeana]].

=== Ny kristianisma lasa fivavaham-panjakana rômana ===
Tamin' ny 27 Febroary 380, tamin' ny alàlan' ny Didin' i Tesalônika navoaka teo ambany fahefàn' i [[Teôdôsio I]] sy i Gratiano ary i [[Valentiniano II]], ny [[Empira Rômana]] dia nandray tamin' ny fomba ôfisialy ny [[kristianisma trinitariana]] ho [[fivavaham-panjakana]]. Talohan’ io daty io, i [[Kônstantio II]] sy i [[Valentio]] dia nankasitraka manokana ny kristianisma ariana na semi-ariana, saingy i Teôdôsio I, mpandimby an’ i Valentio, dia nanohana ny fampianarana momba ny [[Trinite]], araka ny nohazavaina tao amin’ ny Fiekem-pinoana nikeana.

Taorian' ny niorenany, ny Fiangonana dia nandray ny sisin-tanin' ny fandaminana mitovy amin' ny an' ny empira: faritany ara-jeôgrafia, antsoina hoe [[diôsezy]], mifanitsy amin' ny fizarazaran' ny governemantan' ny empira. Ny [[eveka]], izay nipetraka tao amin' ny tanàna lehibe toy ny tamin' ny fomba mahazatra talohan' ny lalàna, dia nanara-maso ny diôsezy tsirairay. Tamin’ ireo fari-piadidian' ny eveka ireo, dia nisy dimy lasa nitana toerana ambony: i [[Rôma]], i [[Kônstantinôpla]], i [[Jerosalema]], i [[Antiôkia]] (na Antiôka), ary i [[Aleksandria]]. Niankina tamin’ ny [[Apôstôly roa ambin' ny folo|Apôstôly]] mpanorina azy ireo ny lazan’ ny ankamaroan’ ireo toerana ireo, ka ny eveka no mpandimby ara-panahy. Na dia mbola noheverina ho voalohany teo amin’ ireo mitovy aminy aza ny evekan’ i Rôma, dia i Kônstantinôpla no laharana faharoa tamin’ ny maha-renivohitra vaovaon’ ilay empira azy.

Namoaka didy i [[Teôdôsio I]] fa ireo izay tsy mino ny &quot;lovam-pampianarana mahatoky&quot;, toy ny [[Trinite]], dia tokony hoheverina ho mpanao [[fivavahan-diso]] tsy ara-dalàna, [68] ary tamin' ny 385, izany no nahatonga ny Fanjakana ho voalohany, fa tsy ny Fiangonana, nanao fanasaziana ho faty ny [[Fivadiham-pinoana|mpivadi-pinoana]], dia i Priskiliano.[69][70]

=== Ny Fiangonan' ny Atsinanana sy ny Empira Sasaniana ===
Nandritra ny fiandohan' ny taonjato faha-5, ny Sekolin' i Edesa dia nampianatra fomba fijery [[Kristôlôjia|kristôlôjika]] izay milaza fa ny maha Andriamanitra sy ny maha olombelona an' i Kristy dia midika fa olona miavaka izy. Ny vokany manokana amin’ io fomba fijery io dia ny hoe tsy azo antsoina ho [[Renin' Andriamanitra|Renin’ Andriamanitra]] i [[Maria (renin' i Jesoa)|Maria]] fa azo raisina ho [[Renin’ i Kristy]] ihany. Ny mpomba an' io fomba fijery io malaza indrindra dia ny patriarkan' i Kônstantinôpla antsoina hoe [[Nestôriôsy]]. Hatramin' ny niantsoana an' i Maria ho Renin' Andriamanitra dia nanjary nalaza tany amin' ny faritra maro tao amin' ny Fiangonana ka nanjary olana mampisara-bazana izany.

Nangataka ny hanaovana ny [[Kônsilin' i Efesôsy]] (431) i [[Teôdôsio II]], emperora rômana, mba handaminana ilay raharaha. Nolavin' ny kôsily tamin' ny farany ny hevitr' i Nestôriôsy. Nisaraka tamin’ ny Eglizy Rômana ny fiangonana maro nanaraka ny fomba fijerin’ ny Nestôriana, ka niteraka fisarahana lehibe izany. Nesorina ny fiangonana nestôriana, ary maro ny mpanara-dia nandositra nankany amin’ ny [[Empira Sasanida]] (Persiana) izay nanaiky izany. Ny Empira Sasanida dia nanana Kristianina niova fo maro tany am-piandohan' ny tantarany, nifamatotra akaiky tamin' ny sampana siriakan' ny kristianisma. [[Zôrôastrisma|Zôrôastriana]] tamin' ny fomba ôfisialy ny Empira Sasanida ary nifikitra mafy tamin' io finoana io, amin' ny ampahany mba hanavahany ny tenany amin' ny fivavahan' ny [[Empira Rômana]] (ny [[paganisma grika-rômana]] tany am-boalohany ary avy eo ny kristianisma). Nanjary noleferina ny kristianisma tao amin' ny Empira Sasanida, ary rehefa nihamaro ny [[Fivadiham-pinoana|mpivadi-pinoana]] vokatry ny nataon' ny Empira Rômana nandritra ny taonjato faha-4 sy faha-6, dia nitombo haingana ny vondrom-piarahamonina kristiana sasaniana.[71] Tamin' ny faran' ny taonjato faha-5 dia niorina mafy ny Fiangonana Persiana ary nanjary nahaleo tena tamin' ny Fiangonana Rômana. Io fiangonana io dia nivoatra ka lasa ilay antsoina ankehitriny hoe [[Fiangonan' ny Atsinanana]].

Tamin' ny taona 451, ny [[Kônsilin' i Kalkedôna]] dia natao mba hanazavana bebe kokoa ny olana ara-[[kristôlôjia]] manodidina ny [[nestôrianisma]]. Ny kônsily tamin' ny farany dia nanambara fa ny maha Andriamanitra sy ny maha olombelona an' i Kristy dia misaraka fa samy ao anatin' ny singa iray, fomba fijery nolavin' ny fiangonana maro izay niantso ny tenany ho [[Miafizisma|miafizita]] izany. Niteraka fiandanian' ny fiangonana izany fisarahana izany, anisan' izany ny Fiangonana Armeniana sy Siriana ary Ejipsiana[72] Na dia nisy ezaka natao tamin’ ny fampihavanana aza nandritra ny taonjato vitsivitsy nanaraka, dia nitohy hatrany ny fisarahana, ka niteraka ilay antsoina ankehitriny hoe Ôrtôdôksa Tatsinanana.

=== Mônastisisma ===
Ny [[mônastisisma]] dia ny fanaon' ny olona izay miala amin' ny fikatsahana izao tontolo izao ary mandeha irery ho mpitoka-monina (hermita) na miditra amin' ny vondrom-piarahamonina voalamina tsara. Nanomboka tany am-boalohany tao amin’ ny Fiangonana kristiana izy io tamin’ ny maha fianakaviana nanana fanao ifandovana mitovy amin’ izany, nalaina tamin’ ny ohatra sy foto-kevitra araka ny [[Soratra Masina]], ary avy amin’ ny fakan' ny sasany tahaka ny [[jodaisma]]. I [[Joany mpanao batisa|Joany Mpanao Batisa]] no noheverina ho [[moanina]] (na monka) môdely voalohany, ary ny mônastisisma dia nentanin' ny fandaminana tao amin' ny vondrom-piarahamonin' ny [[Apôstôly roa ambin' ny folo|Apôstôly]] araka ny voarakitra ao amin' ny [[Asan' ny Apôstôly]] (Asa 2:42–47).[73]

Mpanoratra kristiana malaza tamin' ny tapany farany amin' ny [[Andro Taloha]] toa an' i [[Ôrigenesy avy any Aleksandria|Ôrigenesy]], i Hierônimôsy (na Jerôma), i Joany Krisôstôma, ary i Aogostino avy any Hipôna, no nandika ny hevitry ny lahatsoratra ao amin' ny [[Baiboly]] tao anatin' ny tontolom-pivavahana feno fanavakavahana.[74] Ny ohatra ara-Baiboly momba ny [[asketisma]] dia hita teo amin' ny fiainan' i Joany Mpanao Batisa, i [[Jesoa|Jesoa Kristy]], ny Apôstôly roa ambin' ny folo ary i [[Paoly (apôstôly)|Paoly Apôstôly]].[74] Nahariharin’ ny [[Horonan-tsoratry ny Ranomasina Maty]] ny fanaon’ ny [[Eseniana]], sekta jiosy fahiny, izay nivoady fa hifady hanomanana ady masina. Ny fanantitranterana ny fiainana ara-pivavahana asketika dia hita tao amin' ny asa soratra kristiana voalohany (jereo: [[Filôkalia]]) sy ny fanao tamin' izany fotoana izany (jereo: [[hesikasma]]). Anisan' ireo mpivavaka kristianina hafa amin' ny asketisma ny olo-masina toa an' i Paoly Hermita, i Simeôna Stilita, i Davida avy any Valesa, i Joany avy any Damaskôsy, ary i Fransisko avy any Assise.[74]

Ny Tany efitr' i [[Afovoany Atsinanana]] dia nisy fotoana nonenan' ny lehilahy sy vehivavy kristiana asketika sy hermita ary ankôrita an' arivony, [75] anisan' izany i Md Antôniôsy Lehibe (fantatra amin' ny anarana hoe Md Antôniôsy avy any an' Efitra), Mb Maria avy any Ejipta, ary Md Simeôna Stilita, fantatra amin' ny anarana hoe [[Rain' ny Taniefitra]] sy [[Renin' ny Taniefitra]]. Tamin' ny taona 963 dia niforona ny fikambanan' ny [[mônastera]] antsoina hoe Lavra teo amin' ny [[Tendrombohitra Athos]], araka ny lovantsofina ôrtôdôksa tatsinanana.[76] Io no ivon-toerana manan-danja indrindra amin' ireo antokon' olona asketika kristiana ôrtôdôksa nandritra ny taonjato maro nanaraka.[76] Amin' izao vanim-potoana môderina izao, ny Tendrombohitra Athos sy Meteora dia nitoetra ho foibe manan-danja lehibe.[77]

Miaina irery ny moanina ermita na hermita, fa ny kenôbitika kosa dia miaina ao anaty vondrom-piarahamonina, amin' ny ankapobeny ao amin' ny mônastera, eo ambanin' ny fitsipika (na fitsipika fanao) ary fehezin' ny abôta. Tany am-boalohany, ny moanina kristiana rehetra dia mpitolona, ​​nanaraka ny ohatr’ i Antôniôsy Lehibe. Na izany aza, ny filana endrika fitarihana ara-panahy voalamina dia nitarika an' i Pakômiôsy tamin' ny taona 318 mba handamina ny mpanara-dia azy maro ho lasa monastera voalohany. Tsy ela dia nisy andrim-pandaminana toy izany naorina nanerana ny tany efitr’ i Ejipta sy ny sisa tamin’ ny tapany atsinanan’ ny [[Empira Rômana]]. Tena nahasarika ny vehivavy izany hetsika izany.[78] Isan' ny ivon' ny fampandrosoana ny mônastisisma dia i Basiliôsy Lehibe any Atsinanana ary, any Andrefana, i Benedikto (na Benoà), namorona ny Fitsipik' i Md Benedikto, izay ho lasa fitsipika mahazatra indrindra mandritra ny Andro Antenatenany sy ny fiandohan' ny fitsipika mônastika hafa. [79]

== Tapany voalohany amin' ny Andro Antenatenany (476–842) ==
Ny tetezamita mankany amin' ny fiandohan' ny [[Andro Antenatenany]] dia dingana tsikelikely sy isan-toerana. Nitombo ny faritra ambanivohitra noho ny tobim-pamokarana raha nihena ny tanàn-dehibe. Na dia betsaka kokoa aza ny Kristiana nijanona tany Atsinanana (faritra grika), dia nisy fivoarana lehibe teo amin’ ny Tandrefana (faritra latina), ary samy nanana endrika miavaka. Ny evekan’ i Rôma nifandimby, izany hoe ny [[papa]], dia voatery nampifanaraka tamin’ ny toe-javatra niova be. Tsy nifikitra afa-tsy tamin’ ny emperora izy ireo, ka voatery nifampiraharaha tamin’ ny “mpanapaka barbarianina” tany amin’ ny faritany rômana rehetra taloha. Tany Atsinanana, ny Fiangonana dia nitazona ny rafitra sy ny toetrany ary nivoatra tsikelikely.

=== Fanitarana nataon' ny misiônera tandrefana ===
Nifanindry tamin' ny ezaka misiônera tany am-boalohany tany amin' ny faritra tsy voafehin' ny fanjakana nirodana ny famoizana tsikelikely ny fanjakan' ny [[Empira Rômana Tandrefana]], izay nosoloina ny fanjakana federaly sy jermanika.[80] Tany am-piandohan' ny taonjato faha-5, ny asa misiônera avy any [[Britaina Lehibe]] nofehezin' ny Rômana ho any amin' ny faritra seltika ([[Ekôsy]] sy [[Irlandy]] ary [[Valesa]]) dia namokatra fomba fanao nifaninana tamin' ny kristianisma seltika, izay naverina teo ambany fifehezan' ny Fiangonana tany Rôma tatỳ aoriana. Ny misiônera nalaza tany [[Eorôpa Avaratra-Andrefana]] tamin’ izany fotoana izany dia ny olo-masina kristiana Patrick sy Columba ary Columbanus. Ny vahoaka anglô-saksôna izay nanafika an' i Britaina Lehibe atsimo, fotoana fohy taorian' ny nandaozan' ny Rômana dia mpanaraka ny paganisma tamin' ny voalohany, saingy nampiova fo ho amin' ny kristianisma tamin' ny alalan' i Aogostino avy any Canterbéry noho ny asa nanirahana ny papa [[Gregôrio Lehibe]]. Tsy ela dia lasa foiben' ny misiônera, ny misiônera toa an' i Wilfrid sy i Willibrord sy i Lullus ary i Boniface dia nampiova fo ny havany [[Saksôna (vahoaka)|Saksôna]] tany Jermania.

Ny ankamaroan' ny Kristiana galô-rômana monina any [[Galia]] ([[Frantsa]] sy [[Belzika]] ankehitriny) dia resin' ny [[Franka (vahoaka)|Franka]] tamin' ny fiandohan' ny taonjato faha-5. Nenjehina ny tompon-tany mandra-piovan’ ny mpanjaka Francis Clovis I avy amin’ ny [[paganisma]] ho amin’ ny fivavahana katôlika rômana, tamin’ ny taona 496. Nanizingizina i Clovis fa hanaraka an’ izany ireo andriana namany, ka nanamafy ny fanjakany vao niorina tamin’ ny fampiraisana ny finoan’ ny mpitondra sy ny an’ ny vahoaka [81]. Taorian’ ny nipoiran’ ny Fanjakana Franka sy ny toe-draharaha ara-pôlitika nilamina, dia nampitombo ny asan’ ny misiônera ny tapany andrefana tamin’ ny Fiangonana, izay notohanan’ ny tarana-mpanjaka [[merôvinjiana]] ho fitaovana hampitoniana ny mponina manodidina sahirana. Taorian' ny nanorena fiangonana iray tao Utrecht nataon' i Willibrord, dia nitranga ny fihenjanana rehefa nandrava foibe kristiana maro ny mpanjaka frisiana Radbod teo anelanelan' ny taona 716 sy 719. Tamin' ny taona 717, i Boniface, misiônera anglisy, dia nalefa hanampy an' i Willibrord, nanangana indray ny fiangonana rehetra tany Frisia ary nanohy ny asa fitoriana any Jermania.[81] Nandritra ny faramparan' ny taonjato faha-8, dia nanao famonoana faobe i [[Charlemagne]] mba handresena ny Saksôna mpanaraka ny paganisma sy hanerena azy ireo hanaiky ny kristianisma [82].

=== Kalifata Rasidona ===
Koa satria ny Kristiana dia heverina ho &quot;[[Olon' ny Boky]]&quot; ao amin' ny [[Silamo|fivavahana silamo]], ny Kristianina teo ambany fitondran' ny Miozolmana dia niharan' ny satan' ny ''dhimmi'' (miaraka amin' ny [[Jiosy]], ny [[Samaritana]], ny [[Gnôstisisma|Gnôstika]], ny [[Mandeisma|Mandeana]], ary ny [[Zôrôastrisma|Zôrôastriana]]), izay ambany noho ny satan' ny Miozolmana. [83][84][85] Niatrika fanavakavahana ara-pivavahana sy fanenjehana noho izany ny Kristianina sy ny antokom-pivavahana vitsy madinika vokatry ny fandrarana azy ireo tsy hitahita ny olona hiova finoana (ho an’ ny Kristianina dia voarara ny mitory ny filazantsara na manaparitaka ny kristianisma) tany amin’ ireo tany azon’ ny [[Arabo (vahoaka)|Arabo]] miozolmana noho ny fanaintainan’ ny fahafatesana, voarara tsy hitondra fitaovam-piadiana, nanao asa sasany, ary voatery nanao fitafiana hafa izy ireo mba hampiavaka ny tenany amin' ny Arabo[84] . Teo ambanin' ny [[lalàna silamo]] (''sharīʿa''), ny tsy Miozolmana dia voatery nandoa ny hetra atao hoe ''jizya'' sy ''kharaj'', [83][84][85] miaraka amin' ny vidim-panavotana mavesatra ara-potoana nalain' ny mpitondra miozolmana amin' ny vondrom-piarahamonina kristiana mba hamatsiana ny fanafihana ara-miaramila mitohy. Tamin' izany dia nitondra ampahany betsaka amin' ny fidiram-bola ho an' ny fanjakana silamo sy nampahantra Kristiana maro, ary ireo fahasahiranana ara-bola sy ara-tsôsialy ireo dia nanery ny Kristiana maro hivadika ho miozolmana.[84] Ireo Kristiana tsy afaka nandoa ireo hetra ireo dia voatery nanolotra ny zanany ho an' ireo mpitondra miozolmana izay hivarotra azy ireo ho andevo ho an' ny tokantrano miozolmana na voatery hivadika ho Miozolmana.[84]

Araka ny fomban' ny [[Fiangonana Ôrtôdôksa Siriaka]], ny fandresen' ny Miozolmana any [[Ampiposahana (faritra)|Ampiposahana]] dia fanamaivanana ho an' ireo Kristiana ampahorian' ny [[Empira Rômana Tandrefana]][85]. Mikaela Siriana, patriarika tany [[Antiôkia]], dia nanoratra tatỳ aoriana fa ny Andriamanitry ny Kristiana dia “nanandratra ny zanak’ i Ismaela avy tany atsimo mba hanafaka antsika amin’ ny tanan’ ny Rômana”[85]. Ny vondrom-piarahamonina kristiana isan-karazany any amin' ny faritr' i [[Palestina (faritra)|Palestina]] sy [[Siria (faritra)|Siria]] sy [[Libanona (faritra)|Libanona]] ary [[Armenia (faritra)|Armenia]] dia nankahala ny fitondran' ny Empira Rômana Tandrefana na ny an' ny [[Empira Bizantina]], ka noho izany dia naleony niaina tao anatin' ny toe-javatra ara-toekarena sy ara-pôlitika tsara kokoa noho ny ''dhimmi'' teo ambany fitondran' ny Miozolmana.[85] Na izany aza, ny mpahay tantara môderna dia manaiky ihany koa fa ny vahoaka kristiana monina any amin' ireo tany azon' ny tafika arabo miozolmana teo anelanelan' ny taonjato faha-7 sy faha-10 dia niharan' ny fanenjehana sy herisetra ara-pivavahana ary fahafatesana maritiora imbetsaka teo am-pelan-tanan' ny manampahefana sy mpanapaka miozolomana arabo [85]. ][86][87][88] maro no novonoina teo ambanin' ny fanamelohana ho faty araka ny lalàna islamika noho ny fiarovana ny finoana kristiana tamin' ny alalan' ny hetsika fanoherana mahery vaika toy ny fandavana ny hiova finoana ho miozolmana, ny fandavana ny fivavahana silamo ary ny fiverenana amin' ny kristianisma avy eo, ary ny fitenenan-dratsy ny [[Allah|Andriamanitry ny finoana silamo]].[86][87][88]

=== Kalifata Ômeiada ===
Araka ny Sekoly Ḥanafī momba ny lalàna silamo (''sharīʿa''), ny fijoroana vavolombelona ataon' ny tsy Miozolmana (toy ny Kristiana na Jiosy) dia tsy noheverina ho manan-kery manoloana ny fijoroana vavolombelona ataon' ny Miozolmana amin' ny raharaha ara-dalàna na sivily. Ara-tantara, ao amin' ny kolontsaina miozolmana sy ny lalàna silamo nentim-paharazana, dia voarara ny vehivavy miozolmana tsy hanambady lehilahy kristiana na jiosy, fa ny lehilahy miozolmana kosa dia navela hanambady vehivavy kristiana na jiosy[89][90] (jereo ny: [[fanambadiana iraisam-pinoana ao amin' ny silamo]]). Ny Kristiana teo ambany fitondran' ny Miozolmana dia nanana zo hivadika ho miozolmana na fivavahana hafa, raha mifanohitra amin' izany kosa ny ''murtad'', na mpivadi-pinoana amin' ny silamo, dia nahazo sazy henjana na ''hadd'' mihitsy aza, izay mety ahitana ny fanamelohana ho faty araka ny lalàna islamika.[86][87][88] ]

Amin' ny ankapobeny, ny Kristiana teo ambany fitondrana islamika dia navela hanatanteraka ny fivavahany miaraka amin' ny fetra miavaka sasany avy amin' ny Dina apôkrifan' i Umar. Io fifanarahana io, izay heverina fa natao tamin’ ny taona 717, dia nandrara ny Kristiana tsy hampiseho ampahibemaso ny [[hazo fijaliana]] teo amin’ ny trano fiangonany, tsy hiantso ny mpiangona hivavaka amin’ ny alalan' ny lakolosy, tsy hanorina indray na hanamboatra fiangonana sy [[mônasitera]] taorian’ ny fandravana na fahasimbana, ary nametraka fameperana hafa mifandraika amin' ny asa sy fitafiana ary fitaovam-piadiana[91] Nanenjika Kristiana berbera maro ny Kalifata Omeiada tamin' ny taonjato faha-7 sy faha-8, ka niova tsikelikely ho amin' ny finoana silamo ireo Kristiana ireo.[92]

Tany Umayyad al-Andalus (ao amin' ny [[Saikinosy Iberiana]]), ny sekolin' ny lalàna islamika Malikī no tena nanjaka.[87] Ny fahafatesan' ny maritiora kristiana valo amby efapolo izay nitranga tao amin' ny Emiratan' i Córdoba teo anelanelan' ny taona 850 sy 859[93] dia voarakitra ao amin' ny trakta hagiôgrafika nosoratan' i Eulogius avy any Córdoba, Kristiana iberiana sy latinista manam-pahaizana.[86][87][88]. ] Novonoina teo ambany fitondran' i Abd al-Rahman II sy Muhammad I ireo maritiora tao Córdoba ireo, ary ny hagiôgrafian' i Eulogius dia miresaka amin' ny antsipiriany ny famonoana ny maritiora noho ny fanitsakitsahana ny lalàna islamika, anisan' izany ny [[fivadiham-pinoana]] sy ny fitenenan-dratsy ([[blasfemia]]).[86][87][86] 88]

=== Kalifata Abasida ===
Mpahay siansa kristiana tatsinanana sy manam-pahaizana momba ny tontolo islamika tamin' ny [[Andro Antenatenany]] (indrindra fa ny Kristiana jakôbita sy nestôriana) dia nandray anjara tamin' ny sivilizasiôna arabo silamo nandritra ny fitondran' ny Omaiada sy ny Abasida, tamin' ny fandikana ny sangan' asan' ny filôzôfa grika ho amin' ny [[Fiteny siriaka|teny siriaka]] ary taorian' izay, tamin' ny [[Fiteny arabo|teny arabo]].[94] [95][96] Nahay [[filôzôfia]], [[siansa]], [[teôlôjia]] ary fitsaboana koa izy ireo.[97][98][99] Ary ny mpitsabo manokana ny kalifa abasida dia matetika Kristiana asiriana toy ny tarana-mpanjaka Bukhtishu naharitra ela.

Ny kalifa abasida dia tsy nandefitra loatra tamin' ny kristianisma raha oharina tamin' ireo kalifa omaiada[85]. Na izany aza, dia nanohy niasa tao amin' ny governemanta ny manam-pahefana kristiana, ary matetika ny Kristiana ao amin' ny Fiangonan' ny Tatsinanana no nandika ny [[filôzôfia grika]] fahiny sy ny [[matematika]] grika.[85] Ny asa soratr' i al-Jahiz dia nandresy ny Kristiana noho ny fanambinana loatra, ary nilaza fa afaka tsy miraharaha na dia ireo fameperana napetraky ny fanjakana aza [85]. Tamin' ny faramparan' ny taonjato faha-9, ny patriarkan' i Jerosalema, Theodosius, dia nanoratra tamin' ny mpiara-miasa aminy, ilay patriarkan' i Kônstantinôpla Ignatios, fa &quot;marina izy ireo ary tsy manisy ratsy antsika na mampiseho herisetra amintsika&quot;.[85]

I Elias avy any Heliôpôlisy, rehefa nifindra tany [[Damaskôsy]] (na Damasy) avy any [[Heliôpôlisy]] (Ba'albek), dia voampanga ho nivadi-pinoana tamin' ny kristianisma rehefa avy nanatrika fety nokarakarain' ny Arabo mozolmana iray, ary voatery nandositra an' i Damaskôsy ho any amin' ny tanàna niaviany, ary niverina valo taona taty aoriana, izay nisy azy. ekena sy nogadrain' ny &quot;eparka&quot;, angamba ilay mpahay lalàna al-Layth ibn Sa'd.[100]: 34  Rehefa avy nandà ny hivadika ho miozolmana izy, na dia nampijalina, dia nentina teo anatrehan' ny emira Damaskena sady havan' ny kalifa al-Mahdi (manodidina ny taona 775–785), Muhammad ibn-Ibrahim, izay nampanantena fitondrana tsara raha hiova fo i Elias.[100]: 34  Tamin’ ny fandavany imbetsaka, dia nampijalina sy notapahin-doha i Elias ary nodorana ny vatany, notapahana ary natsipy tany amin’ ny renirano Chrysorrhoes. (ny Barada) tamin’ ny taona 779 [100]: 34

Araka ny voalazan' i Synaxarion avy any Kônstantinôpla, ny hegômenôsy Michael avy any Zobe sy ny [[moanina]] enina amby telopolo tao amin' ny Mônasteran' i Zobe akaikin' i Sebasteia (Sivas) dia novonoina tamin' ny fanafihana ny vondrom-piarahamonina. ny Hagarenes&quot;, &quot;Alim&quot;, angamba i Ali ibn-Sulayman, governora abasida izay nanafika ny faritanin' ny Rômana tamin' ny taona 785. I Bacchus dia Palestiniana, izay ny fianakaviany, kristiana, dia niova fo ho amin' ny finoana silamo ny rainy.[100]: 29–30  i Bacchus anefa dia nijanona ho [[kriptô-kristiana]] ary nanao fivahiniana masina tany Jerosalema, izay natao [[batisa]] (na batemy) sy niditra tao amin' ny mônastera. an' i Mar Saba.[100]: 29–30  Ny fihaonany sy ny fianakaviany dia nahatonga azy ireo hiverina ho kristiana indray ary ny fitsarana sy ny famonoana an' i Bacchus noho ny fivadiham-pinoana teo ambany fitondran' ny emira Harthama ibn A'yan.[100]: 29–30

Taorian' ny fanaovam-pahirano an' i Amorium tamin' ny taona 838, tanàna niavian' ny emperora Theophilos (r. 829–842) sy ny tarana-mpanjaka amôriana, ny kalifa al-Mu'tasim (manodidina ny taona 833–842) dia nitondra babo rômana maherin' ny efapolo [100]: 41–42  Nentina tany Samarra renivohitra izy ireo, ary taorian’ ny fito taona nisian’ ny adihevitra ara-teôlôjia sy ny fandavana ny hivadika ho miozolmana, dia novonoina ho faty izy ireo tamin’ ny vola a Marsa 845 teo ambany fitondran’ ny kalifa al-Wathiq (manodidina ny taona 842–847).[ 100]: 41–42  Tao anatin' ny taranaka iray dia nohajaina ho maritiora 42 tao Amorium izy ireo. Araka ny filazan' i Euodius, hagiôgrafan' izy ireo, izay angamba nanoratra tao anatin' ny taranaka iray nisy ny zava-nitranga, dia i Theophilos sy ny [[ikônôklasma]] no nahatonga ny faharesena tao Amorium. mpanoratra fantatra amin' ny anarana hoe Michael avy any Synkellos, anisan' ireo roa amby efapolo i Kallistos, ilay Malemy Fanahy an' ny thema Kôlôneiana, ary ilay maritiora mahery fo Theodore Karteros.[100]: 41–42

Nandritra ny [[ady nifanaovan' ny Arabo sy ny Bizantina]] tamin' ny taonjato faha-10, ny fandresen' ny Rômana ny Arabo dia niafara tamin' ny fanafihan' ny vahoaka ny Kristiana, izay noheverina fa niray fo tamin' ny [[Empira Rômana]].[85] Araka ny voalazan' i Bar Hebraeus, Katôlika tao amin' ny [[Fiangonan' ny Atsinanana]], i Abraham III (manodidina ny taona 906–937), dia nanoratra tamin' ny [[viziry lehibe]] hoe: &quot;isika Nestôriana dia naman' ny Arabo sady mivavaka ho an' ny fandreseny&quot;. Ny fihetsiky ny [[Nestôrianisma|Nestôriana]] “izay tsy manana mpanjaka hafa afa-tsy ny Arabo”, dia nampifanohitra tamin’ ny Fiangonana Ôrtôdôksa Grika, izay nolazainy fa “tsy nitsahatra niady tamin’ ny Arabo ny emperorany [85] Teo anelanelan’ ny taona 923 sy 924 rava ny fiangonana tao anatin' ny herisetran' ny vahoaka tao Ramla, Askelôna sy tao Kaisarea Maritima, ary [[Damaskôsy]].[85] Isaky ny tranga, araka ny filazan' i Eutychius, mpanoratra tantara kristiana sady arabo melkita avy any [[Aleksandria]], ny kalifa al-Muqtadir (manodidina ny taona 908–932) dia nandray anjara tamin' ny ady. fanorenana indray ny fananan’ ny Fiangonana.[85]

=== Ikônôklasma bizantina ===
Taorian' ny andian-tafika mahery vaika nanohitra ny Miozolmana, dia nipoitra tao amin' ny tanin' ny [[Empira Bizantina]] ny ikônôklasma tamin' ny fiandohan' ny taonjato faha-8. Tamin' ny taona 720, ny emperora bizantina Leo III Isaurian dia nandrara ny fanehoana an-tsary an' i Kristy sy ny olo-masina ary ny seho ara-Baiboly. Tany Latina Andrefana, ny papa [[Gregôrio III]] dia nanao sinôda roa tany [[Rôma]] ary nanameloka ny nataon’ i Leo. Ny Filankevitry ny ikônôklasta bizantina, natao tao Hieria tamin' ny taona 754, dia nanapa-kevitra fa ny sary masina dia [[fivadiham-pinoana]].[101] Ny hetsika ikônôklastika dia nandrava ny ankamaroan' ny tantaran' ny zavakanto voalohany tao amin' ny Fiangonana kristiana. Ny hetsika ikônôklastika taty aoriana dia noheverina ho [[Fampianaran-diso (fivavahana)|heretika]] tamin' ny taona 787 teo ambanin' ny [[Kônsily faharoa tao Nikea|Kônsily faharoan' i Nikea]] ([[kônsily ekiomenika]] fahafito) saingy nisy fitsanganana vetivety teo anelanelan' ny taona 815 sy 842.

== Andro Antenatenany Ambony (800–1299) ==

=== Renaissance Karôlinjiana ===
Ny Renaissance Karôlinjiana dia vanim-potoana fifohazana ara-tsaina sy ara-kolontsaina momba ny [[literatiora]] sy ny [[zavakanto]] ary ny fandalinana [[Soratra Masina]] nandritra ny faramparan' ny taonjato faha-8 sy faha-9 teo ambany fitondran' ny tarana-mpanjaka karôlinjiana, indrindra tamin' ny fotoana nanjakan' ny mpanjaka [[Franka (vahoaka)|franka]] [[Charlemagne]], mpanorina sy emperora voalohany tao amin' ny [[Empira Karôlinjiana]], sy ny zanany lahy, Louis Tia Vavaka. Mba hamahana ny olan’ ny tsy fahaizana mamaky teny sy manoratra teo amin' ny klerjy sy ny mpitan-tsoratra ao amin’ ny fitsarana, dia nanorina sekoly i Charlemagne ary nisarika ireo lehilahy nahay indrindra any [[Eorôpa]] manontolo ho any amin’ ny fitsarana azy.

=== Mitombo ny disadisa eo amin' ny Atsinanana sy ny Andrefana ===
Nanomboka niharihary ny fihenjanana teo amin’ ny firaisan-kina kristiana tamin’ ny taonjato faha-4. Olana fototra roa no mifandrohirohy: ny toetran' ny fahambonian’ ny evekan' i Rôma sy ny fiantraika ara-teôlôjia momba ny fampidirana andian-teny iray ao amin’ ny [[Fanekem-pinoana nikeana]], fantatra amin’ ny anarana latina hoe ''[[Filioque]]''. Ireo olana ara-pampianarana ireo dia noresahina ampahibemaso voalohany tao amin’ ny patriarkan’ i Fôtiôsy. Ny Fiangonana Tatsinanana dia nihevitra ny fahatakaran' i Rôma ny toetoetran' ny fahefan' ny eveka ho toy ny mifanohitra mivantana amin' ny rafitry ny Fiangonana izay tena fampihavanana, ary noho izany dia nihevitra ireo [[ekleziôlôjia]] roa ireo ho mifanohitra tanteraka [102] .

Ny olana iray hafa dia nanjary tena nahasosotra ny antokom-piangonana kristiana, ny fampidirana tsikelikely ny Fanekem-pinoana nikeana any Andrefana amin' ny andian-teny hoe ''Filioque'' - midika hoe &quot;sy ny Zanaka&quot; - araka ny hita ao amin' ny hoe &quot;Fanahy Masina ... avy amin' ny Ray sy ny Zanaka&quot; , izay lazain’ ny Fanekem-pinoana tany am-boalohany, izay neken’ ny kônsily ary mbola ampiasain’ ny Ôrtôdôksa Tatsinanana ankehitriny, fa &quot;ny Fanahy Masina, ... avy amin’ ny Ray&quot;. Nanamafy ny Fiangonana Tatsinanana fa natovana tsy ara-dalàna io andian-teny io, satria tsy mbola nisy nidinika ny Atsinanana[103]. Ho fanampin' io resaka eklesiôlôjia io, ny Fiangonana Tatsinanana koa dia nihevitra fa tsy azo ekena ny andian-teny ''Filioque'' noho ny antony [[Teôlôjia dôgmatika|dôgmatika]][104].

=== Fisaraham-bazana vokatry ny hevitr' i Fôtiôsy ===
Tamin’ ny taonjato faha-9, dia nisy ady hevitra nipoitra teo amin’ ny [[Kristianisma Tatsinanana|kristianisma tatsinanana]] (bizantina, Ôrtôdôksa Grika) sy tandrefana (latina, Katôlika Rômana), izay nipoitra noho ny fanoheran’ ny papa [[Joany VII]] ny fanendrena nataon’ ny emperora bizantina Michael III avy ao amin’ i Fôtiôsy I. ny toeran' ny patriarika tao [[Kônstantinôpla]]. Nolavin' ny papa i Fôtiôsy noho ny fifandirana teo amin' ny Atsinanana sy ny Andrefana teo aloha. Tsy nety nanaiky ny [[fahambonian’ ny papa]] tamin’ ny raharaha tatsinanana i Fôtiôsy na nanaiky ny andian-teny hoe &quot;''Filioque''&quot;. Ny delegasiôna latina tao amin' ny filan-kevitry ny fanokanana azy dia nanery azy hanaiky ilay andian-teny mba hahazoana antoka ny fanohanan' izy ireo. Ny resabe koa dia nikasika ny zon' ny Fiangonana Tatsinanana sy Tandrefana ao amin' ny fiangonana bolgara. Nanome fanelanelanana tokoa i Fôtiôsy momba ny zo ara-pitsarana momba an’ i [[Bolgaria]], ary ireo solontenan' ny papa dia nanao izany tamin’ ny fiverenany avy any Bolgaria ho any Rôma. Io fanekena io anefa dia nomena anarana fotsiny, satria ny fiverenan' i Bolgaria amin' ny fombam-pivavahana bizantina tamin' ny taona 870 dia efa nahatonga azy io ho [[fiangonana aotôkefaly]]. Raha tsy nisy ny faneken' i Boris I avy any Bolgaria, dia tsy afaka nampihatra ny fitakiany ny papa.

=== Fisaraham-bazan' ny Atsinanana sy ny Andrefana (1054) ===
Ny [[fisaraham-bazan' ny Atsinanana sy ny Andrefana]], fantatra ihany koa amin' ny anarana hoe &quot;[[Fisaraham-bazana Lehibe]]&quot;, dia nanasaraka ny Fiangonana ho sampana tandrefana (latina) sy tatsinanana (grika), izany hoe ny katôlika tandrefana sy ôrtôdôksa tatsinanana. Io no fivakisana lehibe voalohany hatramin’ ny nandavan’ ny antokon’ olona sasany tany Atsinanana ny didy navoakan’ ny [[Kônsilin' i Kalkedôna]] (jereo: Ôrtôdôksa Tatsinanana) ary niavaka kokoa. Na dia niseho tamin' ny taona 1054 aza ny Fisaraham-bazana Atsinanana sy Andrefana, dia vokatry ny fisarahana lava teo amin' ny kristianisma latina sy kristianisma grika noho ny maha ambony ny papa sy ny foto-pampianarana sasany momba ny ''Filioque'', saingy nihamafy noho ny kolontsaina ara-jeôgrafia sy ara-jeôpôlitika ary ara-piteny.

=== Fanavaozana mônastika ===
Nanomboka tamin’ ny taonjato faha-6, ny ankamaroan’ ny [[mônastera]] tany amin’ ny Katôlika Andrefana dia fehezin' ny Didin' i Benedikto. Noho ny fanarahana hentitra kokoa ny fitondrana benediktina nohavaozina, ny Abeîn'  i Cluny dia nanjary ivon-toeran' ny [[mônastisisma]] tandrefana ekena nanomboka tamin' ny taonjato faha-10. I Cluny dia namorona lamina lehibe sy federasiôna izay nahatonga ny mpitantana ny trano fanampiny ho lefitry ny Abôta Cluny ary namaly azy. Ny toe-tsaina kloniaka dia fitaomana namelona indray ny Fiangonana nôrmana, tamin' ny faratampony nanomboka tamin' ny tapany faharoa amin' ny taonjato faha-10 ka hatramin' ny fiandohan' ny taonjato faha-12.

Tonga niaraka tamin' ny [[hetsika sistersiana]] ny onjam-panavaozana mônastika manaraka. Ny abey sistersiana voalohany dia naorina tamin' ny taona 1098, tao amin' ny Cîteaux Abbey. Ny foto-kevitry ny fiainana sistersiana dia fiverenana amin' ny fitandremana ara-bakiteny ny fitondrana benediktina, fandavana ny fivoarana benediktina. Ny tena nanaitra indrindra tamin' ny fanavaozana dia ny fiverenana amin' ny asa tanana, ary indrindra amin' ny asa an-tsaha. Nahazo aingam-panahy avy amin' i Bernard avy ao Clairvaux, mpanorina voalohany ny Sistersiana, izy ireo no lasa hery lehibe indrindra amin' ny fandrosoana ara-teknôlôjia sy amin' ny fampielezana ny filazantsara tany [[Eorôpa]] tamin' ny [[Andro Antenatenany]]. Tamin’ ny faran’ ny taonjato faha-12 dia niisa 500 ny trano sistersiana, ary tamin’ ny faramparan' ny taonjato faha-15, dia voalaza fa nanana trano efa ho 750 ilay fikambanana. Ny ankamaroan' ireo trano ireo dia naorina tany an' efitra, ary nandray anjara lehibe tamin' ny fitondrana ny faritra mitoka-monina any Eorôpa ho amin' ny fambolena ara-toekarena.

Ny ambaratonga fahatelo amin' ny fanavaozana mônastika dia nomen' ny fananganana ny Filaharan' ny Mpangataka. Ny Mpangataka dia niaina eo ambany fitondrana mônastika miaraka amin' ny voady mahazatra momba ny fahantrana sy ny fahadiovam-pitondran-tena ary ny fankatoavana saingy manantitrantitra ny fitoriana ny filazantsara sy ny asa misiônera ary ny fanabeazana, ao amin' ny mônastera mitokana. Nanomboka tamin’ ny taonjato faha-12, dia naorin’ ny mpanara-dia an’ i Fransisko avy any Assise ny Ôrdônansin’ ny Fransiskana, ary taorian’ izay dia i Md Dôminika no nanombohan’ ny Filaharana Dôminikana.

=== Fisondrotan' ny oniversite ===
Ny [[oniversite]] tandrefana môderna dia nipoitra mivantana avy amin' ny Fiangonana tamin' ny [[Andro Antenatenany]].[105][106][107][108][109] Sekolin' ny katedraly no nanombohan' izy ireo, ary noheverina ho mpitondra fivavahana ny mpianatra rehetra.[110] Tombontsoa izany satria nametraka ny mpianatra ho eo ambany fahefan' ny Fiangonana izy ka nanome fiarovana sasany. Nisaraka tamin' ny katedraly ny sekoly katedraly tamin' ny farany ary nanangana ny andrim-pianarany manokana, ny voalohany indrindra dia ny Oniversiten' i Bologne (taona 1088) sy ny Oniversiten' i  Oxford (taona 1096) ary ny Oniversiten' i  Paris (manodidina ny taona 1150).[111] 112][113]

=== Tsy fifanarahana momba ny fanendrena eveka ===
Ny ady hevitra momba ny fanendrena eveka eo amin' ny fahefana no ady lehibe indrindra teo amin' ny fahefana laîka sy ny fahefana ara-pivavahana izay nitranga tany [[Eorôpa]] tamin' ny [[Andro Antenatenany]]. Nanomboka tamin’ ny ady tamin’ ny taonjato faha-11 teo amin’ ny emperora masina rômana [[Henri IV]] sy ny papa [[Gregôrio VII]] momba izay hanendry eveka (fametrahana hitondra). Ny fiafaran' ny fametrahana amin' ny fitondrana ny laîka dia nandrahona hampihena ny herin' ny [[Empira Rômana Masina]] sy ny fanirian' ny andriana eorôpeana. Ny episkôpata dia fanendrena mandritra ny androm-piainany fotsiny, ny mpanjaka dia afaka mifehy bebe kokoa ny fahefany sy ny fidiram-bolany noho ny an' ny olo-manan-kaja. Azony atao koa aza ny mamela ny toerana ho banga ary manangona ny vola miditra, araka ny teôrian' ny fitokisana ny eveka vaovao, na manome episkôpata mba hanome karama olona ambony iray. Ny [[Eglizy katôlika rômanina|Eglizy Katôlika Rômana]] dia naniry ny hampitsahatra ny fandraisan' anjaran' ny laîka mba hampitsaharana izany toe-javatra izany sy ny fanararaotana hafa, mba hanavaozana ny episkôpata sy hanomezana fikarakarana pastôraly tsara kokoa. Namoaka ny ''Dictatus Papae'' ny papa Gregôrio VII, izay nanambara fa ny papa irery no afaka manendry eveka. Ny fandavan' i Henri IV an' ilay didim-panjakana dia nitarika ho amin' ny fandroahana azy sy ny fikomian' ny [[dioka]]. Tamin' ny farany dia nahazo famotsoran-keloka i Henri IV taorian' ny fivalozana ampahibemaso mahatsiravina nataony, na dia nitohy aza ny Fikomian' i Saksôna Lehibe sy ny fifandonana momba ny fanendrena eveka.

Nisy ady hevitra mitovy amin’ izany nitranga tany [[Angletera]] teo amin’ ny mpanjaka [[Henri I]] sy Md Anselm, arsevekan’ i Canterbery, momba ny fahabangan-toerana sy ny fahabangan-toerana ho eveka. Ny fifandirana anglisy dia voavaha tamin' ny Kônkôrdatan' i Lôndra (taona 1107), izay nandaozan' ny mpanjaka ny fitakiany hanendry eveka fa nanohy nitaky fianianana. Môdely ampahany ho an' ny Kônkôrdatan' i Worms (''Pactum Calixtinum'') io, izay namaha ny resabe momba ny fampiasam-bola imperialy tamin' ny marimaritra iraisana izay nahafahan' ny manam-pahefana nifehy ny fahefany, saingy nanome ny fifantenana ny eveka ho an' ny kanôna katedraly. Ho mariky ny marimaritra iraisana, dia samy nampiasa ny eveka niaraka tamin' ny mpiasa sy ny peratra ny eveka na ny manam-pahefana ara-pivavahana sy ny laîka.

=== Kroazada ===
Amin' ny ankapobeny, ny kroazada (1095–1291) dia ny adin' ny Kristiana eorôpeana tao amin' ny Tany Masina, notohanan' ny papa, tamin' ny Miozolmana mba hamerenana ny faritr' i Palestina amin' ny Kristiana indray.[114][115][116] Nisy diaben' ny mpiantafika hafa niady tamin' ny tafika miozolmana tany Mediteranea, indrindra tany amin' ny faritra atsimo amin' i Espaina, sy atsimo amin' i Italia, ary any amin' ny nosy Sipra sy Malta ary Sisilia.[115] Ny papa koa dia nanohana ny kroazada maro hanoherana ny vahoaka pagàna any Eorôpa Avaratra-Atsinana mba handresena sy hampiova finoana azy ireo ho kristiana, [114] hanoherana ny fahavalony ara-pôlitika any Eorôpa Andrefana, ary hanoherana ny fivavahan-diso (herezia) na ny fivavahana vitsy mpanaraka ao amin' ny kristianisma eorôpeana.[117]

Ny Tany Masina dia tao anatin' ny Empira Rômana, ary noho izany dia tao amin' ny Empira Bizantina, mandra-pahatongan' ny fananiham-bohitra nataon' ny Arabo miozolmana tamin' ny taonjato faha-7 sy faha-8. Taorian' izay, amin' ny ankapobeny dia navela hitsidika ny toerana masina maro tao amin' ny Tany Masina ny Kristiana hatramin' ny taona 1071, rehefa nanakatona ny fivahiniana masina kristiana ny Tiorka Seljokida sady nanafika an' i Bizantioma (na Bizansa), nandresy azy ireo tamin' ny ady tao Manzikert. Ny emperora Aleksiôsy I dia nangataka fanampiana tamin' ny papa Orbano II hanoherana ny herisetra nataon' ny Miozolmana. Azo inoana fa nanantena vola tamin’ ny papa izy mba homena mpikarama an’ ady. Raha ny tokony ho izy dia niantso an’ ireo miaramilan’ ny fiangonana kristiana i Orbano II tamin’ ny lahateny nataony tao amin’ ny Kônsilin’ i Clermont tamin’ ny 27 Nôvambra 1095, ka nampifangaro ny hevitra momba ny fivahiniana masina any amin’ ny Tany Masina sy ny ady masina amin’ ny tsy mpino.[118]

Ny Kroazada voalohany dia nahazo an' i Antiôkia tamin' ny taona 1099 ary avy eo nahazo an' i Jerosalema. Ny Kroazada faharoa dia nitranga tamin' ny taona 1145 rehefa nalain' ny tafika silamo i Edessa. I Jerosalema dia natao hatramin' ny 1187 sy ny Kroazada fahatelo, taorian' ny ady teo amin' i Richard Fon-Diona sy i Saladîna. Ny Kroazada fahefatra, natombok' i Inôkento III tamin’ ny taona 1202, dia nikasa haka indray ny Tany Masina, saingy tsy ela dia noravan’ ny Venesiana. Rehefa tonga tao Kônstantinôpla ny mpiady dia norobainy ny tanàna sy ny faritra hafa tany Azia Minora ary natsangany ny Empira Latinan’ i Kônstantinôpla tany Grisia sy tany Azia Minora. Kroazada dimy no tany amin' ny Tany Masina, izay niafara tamin' ny fanaovana fahirano an' i Acre tamin' ny taona 1219, ary namarana ny fisian' ny Tandrefana tao amin' ny Tany Masina.[119]

Notanan' ny mpiantafika nandritra ny zato taona teo ho eo i Jerosalema, fa ny tanàna mimanda hafa tany amin' ny faritr' i Atsinanana Akaiky kosa dia nijanona ela kokoa teo amin' ny maha fananan' ny Kristiana azy. Tsy nahavita nanangana fanjakana kristiana maharitra ireo kroazada tao amin’ ny Tany Masina ireo. Nijanona ho loza mitatao nandritra ny taonjato maro ny fanitaran-tany nataon' ny Miozolmana tany Eorôpa, ary niafara amin' ny fanafihana maharitra nataon' i Suleiman Mamirapiratra tamin' ny taonjato faha-16. Ny kroazada tany Iberia (atao hoe Reconquista), atsimon' i Italia, sy tany Sisilia dia nitarika ho amin' ny faharavàn' ny fahefana silamo tany Eorôpa. Ny Kroazada Albizoà dia nikendry ireo Katara mpivadi-pinoana any atsimo amin' i Frantsa; miaraka amin' ny Inkizisiôna naorina taorian' izany, dia nahomby tamin' ny fandringanana ny Katara. Ny Kroazada Wendish dia nahomby tamin' ny fandresen-dahatra sy ny famadihana an-keriny ny Slava pagàna tany atsinanan' i Alemaina môderina. Ny Kroazada Livôniana, izay notanterahin' ny Teotônika Knights sy ny fikambanan' ny moanina mpiady hafa, dia nandresy sy nanova an-keriny ny Balta pagàna tao Livônia sy Prosia. Na izany aza, ny Diokea Lehibe any Litoania pagàna dia nahomby tamin' ny fanoherana ny Knights ary niova finoana an-tsitrapo tamin' ny taonjato faha-14.[120]

=== Inkizisiôna tamin' ny Andro Antenatenany ===
Ny Inkizisiôna tamin' ny Andro Antenatenany dia andiana inkizisiôna (notanterahin' ny fikambanana ao amin' ny eglizy katôlika rômana nanafoana ny hetsika kristiana noheverin' izy ireo ho heretika) nanomboka tamin' ny taona 1184, anisan' izany ny Inkizisiôna Episkôpaly (1184–1230) ary taty aoriana ny Inkizisiôna Papaly (1230s–1240s). Izy io dia natao ho setrin' ny hetsika kristiana tao Eorôpa heverina ho mpivadi-pinoana na mivadi-pinoana amin' ny Katôlika tandrefana, indrindra ny Bôgômila, [121] ny Katara (na Albizoà), [122] ny Valdeana, [123] ny Begina sy Begara, [124] ny Lolara, [125] ny Hosita, [126] ary Jiosy eorôpeana, [127] izay niely tany amin' ny Fanjakana Bolgara, [121] tao atsimo amin' i Frantsa, [122] any Italia Avaratra, [123] any Flandra sy Rhin, [124] any Angletera, [124] 125] any amin' ny tanin' ny Fanjakana Bôhemiana [126] sy ny tany maro nitambatra teo ambanin' ny Fanjakan' i Aragôna.[127] Io no hetsiky ny inkizisiôna voalohany amin' ny maro manaraka tao amin' ny kristianisma eorôpeana.

=== Fielezan' ny kristianisma ===
Ny fitoriana ny Filazantsara tany Skandinavia tany am-boalohany dia notanterahan' ny Anglô-saksona izay efa kristiana nandritra ny asa fitoriana nataony tany amin' ny Saikinosy Skandinaviana; I Ansgar, arsevekan' i  Bremen, nomena anaram-bosotra hoe &quot;Apostolin' ny Avaratra&quot; no nisongadina indrindra tamin' ireo misiônera anglô-saksôna.[128] I Ansgar, teraka tany Amiens, dia nirahina niaraka tamin’ ny andiana moanina nankany Jutland, any Danemarka, tamin’ ny taona 820 tany ho any, tamin’ ny andron’i Harald Klak, mpanjaka mpomba ny Kristianina.[128] Nahomby ihany ilay iraka, ary niverina tany Alemaina i Ansgar roa taona tatỳ aoriana, rehefa noroahina hiala tao amin’ny fanjakany i Harald. Tamin’ny taona 829, i Ansgar dia nankany Birka teo amin’ny Farihin’i Mälaren, any Soeda, niaraka tamin’i Witmar mpanampy azy, ary nisy kôngregasiona kely niforona tamin’ny taona 831, izay nahitana an’i Hergeir, mpitandrina ny mpanjaka. Niadam-pandroso anefa ny fiovam-pinoana, ary ny ankamaroan’ny faritra skandinaviana dia lasa kristiana tanteraka tamin’ny andron’ny mpanapaka toa an’i Saint Canute IV any Danemarka sy Olaf I any Nôrvezy tamin’ny taona nanaraka ny taona 1000.

Ny fampielezana ny kristianisma tany amin' ny Slava dia natomboky ny iray tamin'ireo mpiangona nahay indrindra tao Bizansa — ny patriarika Photios I avy any Kônstantinôpla. Nifidy an’i Cyrille sy Methodius ny emperora bizantina Michael III ho valin’ny fangatahan’i Rastislav mpanjakan’i Moravia, izay naniry misiônera afaka nanompo any amin' ny Môraviana tamin’ ny fiteniny. Nampiasa ny fiteny slavônika teo an-toerana izy mirahalahy, ary nandika ny Baiboly sy ny boky fivavahana maro.[129] Koa satria ny fandikan-teny nomanin’izy ireo dia nadikan’ny mpiteny amin’ny fitenim-paritra hafa, dia niforona ny [[fiteny slavônika tranain' ny fangonana i]]&lt;nowiki/&gt;zay fiteny safiotra nampiasaina amin' ny literatiora, izay nivelatra ho [[fiteny slavônikan' ny fiangonana]] tatỳ aoriana, ary io no fiteny litorzika mahazatra mbola ampiasain’ny Fiangonana Ôrtôdôksa Rosiana sy ny Kristianina ôrtôdôksa slava hafa. Nanohy ny fampiovam-pinoana ny Serba i Methodius.[130]

I Bolgaria dia firenena pagàna hatramin'ny niorenany tamin'ny 681 ka hatramin'ny 864, rehefa niova ho kristianina i Boris I. Sarotra ny anton'izany fanapahan-kevitra izany; ny antony lehibe indrindra dia ny hoe teo anelanelan'ny empira kristianina roa matanjaka i Bolgaria, dia i Bizansa sy i Frankia Atsinanana; ny foto-pampianarana kristiana dia nankasitraka indrindra ny toeran'ny mpanjaka amin'ny maha-solontenan'Andriamanitra azy eto an-tany, ary i Boris koa dia nahita izany ho fomba iray handresena ny tsy fitovian'ny Bolgara sy ny Slava.[131][132] Neken’i Kônstantinôpla tamin’ny fomba ôfisialy ho patriarikata i Bolgaria tamin’ny taona 927, i Serbia tamin’ny taona 1346, ary i Rosia tamin’ny taona 1589. Efa niova ho kristiana ela be talohan’ireo daty ireo firenena rehetra ireo.</text>
      <sha1>2b0ct78l79uv0zbfzoy89ra9r53i0lk</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1047036</id>
      <parentid>1047035</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-19T13:54:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Thelezifor</username>
        <id>15140</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="64945" xml:space="preserve">Ny '''tantaran' ny kristianisma''' dia mahakasika ny [[Kristianisma|fivavahana kristiana]], ny [[firenena kristiana]], ary ny [[Kristianina|Kristiana]] miaraka amin' ny antokom-pinoana kristiana samihafa, nanomboka tamin' ny [[Kristiana tamin' ny taonjato voalohany|taonjato voalohany]] ka hatramin' izao.

Ny kristianisma dia niainga tamin' ny asa fanompoana nataon' i [[Jesoa]] (na [[Jesosy]]),  izay Jiosy mpampianatra sy mpanasitrana, nanambara ny maha efa akaiky ny [[fanjakan' Andriamanitra]] ary [[Fanomboana an' i Jesoa|nohomboana]] tamin' ny [[hazo fijaliana]] tamin' ny taona 30–33 taor. J.K. tao [[Jerosalema (Andro Taloha)|Jerosalema]] tao [[Jodea]] izay faritany rômana. Mino ny mpanara-dia azy fa, araka ny [[Filazantsara]] na [[Evanjely]] dia [[Zanak'Andriamanitra (kristianisma)|Zanak' Andriamanitra]] izy ary maty ho famelan-keloka ary [[Fitsanganan' i Jesoa ho velona|natsangana tamin' ny maty]] sy nasandratr' Andriamanitra, ary hiverina tsy ho ela amin' ny fiandohan' ny fanjakan' Andriamanitra.

Ny mpanara-dia an' i Jesoa voalohany indrindra dia ireo [[Jodeô-kristianisma|Kristiana jiosy]] [[Apôkaliptisisma|apôkaliptika]]. Ny fampidirana ny [[Jentily]] na [[Jentilisa]] ao amin' ny Fiangonana kristiana voalohany izay an-dalam-pandrosoana dia niteraka fisarahana teo amin' ny [[jodaisma]] sy ny kristianisma jiosy nandritra ireo taonjato roa voalohany tamin' ny [[vanim-potoana kristiana]]. Tamin' ny taona 313, ny emperora [[Kônstantino I]] dia namoaka ny [[Didy tao Milano]] izay naha ara-dalàna ny fivavahana kristiana. Tamin' ny taona 380, niaraka tamin’ny [[Didy tao Tesalônika]] navoaka teo ambany fitarihan' i [[Teôdôsiosy I|Teôdôsiôsy I]], ny [[Empira Rômana]] dia nandray tamin' ny fomba ôfisialy ny [[Trinite|kristianisma trinitariana]] ho [[fivavaham-panjakana]], ary ny kristianisma dia nametraka ny tenany ho fivavahana rômanina nanjaka tao amin' ny Fiangonan' ny Empira Rômana. Ny adihevitra [[Kristôlôjia|kristôlôjika]] momba ny maha-olombelona sy ny maha-Andriamanitra an' i Jesoa dia nandreraka ny ny Fiangonana kristiana nandritra ny taonjato roa, ary ny [[kônsily ekiomenika]] fito dia natao mba hamahàna ireo adihevitra ireo. Nomelohina ny [[Arianisma (teôlôjia)|arianisma]] nandritra amin' ny [[Kônsily voalohany tao Nikea]] (taona 325), izay nanohana ny fampianarana momba ny Trinite izay nohazavaina tao amin' ny [[Fanekem-pinoana nikeana]].

Tany am-piandohan' ny [[Andro Antenatenany]], ny [[Fitoriana ny Filazantsara|asa fitoriana]] nataon' ny misiônera dia nampiely ny kristianisma tany Andrefana teo amin' ireo [[Jermanika|vahoaka jermanika]]. Nandritra ny [[Andro Antenatenany Ambony]] (manodidina ny taona 1000 hatramin' ny 1250) dia nisaraka ny [[Kristianisma Tatsinanana|kristianisma tatsinanana]] sy [[Kristianisma Tandrefana|kristianisma tandrefana]], ka nitarika ho amin' ny Fisarahan' ny [[Fiangonana Tatsinanana sy Tandrefana]] tamin' ny taona 1054. Nitombo ny fanakianana ny rafi-piangonana katôlika rômana sy ny fitondran-tena tao aminy ka nitarika ny hetsika prôtestanta tamin' ny taonjato faha-16 sy ny fivakisan' ny kristianisma tandrefana. Nanomboka tamin' ny vanim-potoan' ny Renaissance, miaraka amin' ny [[fanjanahan-tany]] izay nentanin' ny Fiangonana, dia niely eran' izao tontolo izao ny kristianisma. Amin' izao fotoana izao dia misy Kristiana maherin' ny 2&amp;nbsp;000 tapitrisa eran-tany, ary ny kristianisma no lasa fivavahana lehibe indrindra eran-tany. Tao anatin' ny taonjato farany, rehefa nihena ny fitaoman' ny kristianisma tany Andrefana, dia nitombo haingana izany tany Atsinanana sy tany amin' ny faritra Atsimo amin' ny Tany; any [[Repoblika Entim-Bahoakan' i Sina|Sina]], any [[Kôrea Atsimo]] ary any amin' ny ankamaroan' ny firenena aty [[Afrika atsimon' i Sahara]].

== Fiandohana ==

=== Fiaviana jiosy-helenista ===
Ny zava-nisy ara-pivavahana sy ara-tsôsialy ary ara-pôlitika tany [[Jodea]] nofehezin' ny Rômana tamin' ny taonjato voalohany sy tany amin' ireo faritany mifanolo-bodirindrina aminy dia tena samy hafa ary tsy mitsaha-mitombo ny korontana ara-tsôsialy sy ara-pôlitika, [1][22][23] miaraka amin' ny hetsika jodaika maro izay samy mahakasika ny fivavahana sy ny pôlitika. [24] I [[Flavio Jôsefa]] mpahay tantara rômana sy jiosy fahiny, dia nanoritsoritra ny amin' ny sekta efatra nisongadina indrindra tao anatin’ ny jodaisma nandritra ny vanimpotoan’ ny Tempoly Faharoa: ny [[Fariseo]] (na Fariziina), ny [[Sadoseo]] (na Sadoseana) ny [[Eseniana]], ary ny “[[Filôzôfia Fahefatra (jodaisma)|Filôzôfia Fahefatra]]” tsy fantatra anarana,[25] izay eken’ ny mpahay tantara môderna ho tsy iza fa ny [[Zelôta]] sy ny [[Sikary]] [26]. Tamin' ny taonjato voalohany tal. J.K. sy tamin' ny taonjato voalohany taor. J.K. dia nanana mpitondra fivavahana karismatika maro nandray anjara tamin' izay ho lasa mishnah ny jodaisma rabinika, anisan' izany ny olon-kendry jiosy Yohanan ben Zakkai sy Hanina ben Dosa. Ny mesianisma jiosy, sy ny foto-kevitry ny Mesia jiosy, dia avy amin' ny [[literatiora apôkaliptika]] novokarina teo anelanelan' ny taonjato faha-2 tal. J.K. sy tamin' ny taonjato voalohany tal. J.K., [27] mampanantena mpitarika &quot;voahosotra&quot; ho avy ([[mesia]] na mpanjaka) avy amin' i [[Davida (mpanjaka)|Davida]] mba hanangana ny [[Fanjakan' Andriamanitra|Fanjakan’ Andriamanitra]] israelita, ho solon’ ireo mpitondra hafa firenena tamin’ izany fotoana izany.[1]

=== Asa fanompoan' i Jesoa ===
Ny loharanom-baovao lehibe indrindra momba ny fiainan’ i [[Jesoa]] sy ny fampianarany dia ny [[Filazantsara]] (na Evanjely) kanônika efatra, ary amin’ ny ampahany kely dia ny [[Asan' ny Apôstôly|Asan’ ny Apôstôly]] sy ny [[Epistilin' i Paoly|epistilin’ i Paoly]]. Araka ny voalazan’ ny Filazantsara dia [[Zanak' Andriamanitra]] i Jesoa izay [[Fanomboana an' i Jesoa|nohomboana tamin' ny hazo fijaliana]] manodidina ny taona 30–33 taor. J.K. tany [[Jerosalema]].[1] Nino ny mpanara-dia azy fa [[Fitsanganan' i Jesoa ho velona|natsangana tamin’ ny maty]] izy ary nasandratr’ Andriamanitra, nitory ny Fanjakan’ Andriamanitra ho avy.[1]

== Kristianisma voalohany ==
Ny kristianisma voalohany (manodidina ny taona 31/33–324) amin' ny ankapobeny dia raisin’ ny mpahay tantaran’ ny fiangonana manomboka amin’ ny fanompoan’ i Jesoa (manodidina ny taona 27–30) ary nifarana tamin’ ny [[Kônsily voalohany tao Nikea]] (taona 325). Matetika izy io dia mizara ho vanim-potoana roa: ny vanim-potoana apôstôlika (taona 30–100 any ho any, fony mbola velona ny [[Apôstôly roa ambin' ny folo|Apôstôly]] voalohany) sy ny vanim-potoana ante-nikeana (taona 100–325 tany ho any).[28]

=== Andro Apôstôlika ===
Ny vanim-potoana apôstôlika dia nomena ny anaran' ny [[Apôstôly roa ambin' ny folo|Apôstôly]] sy ny asa fitoriana nataon' izy ireo. Izy io dia manana dikany manokana amin' ny lova kristiana amin' ny maha-andron' ny Apôstôlin' i Jesoa mivantana azy ireo. Loharanom-baovao voalohany ho an' ny vanim-potoanan' ny Apôstôly ny [[Asan' ny Apôstôly]], saingy niadian-kevitra ny fahamarinany ara-tantara ary ny fari-potoana voarakony dia ampahany, izay mifantoka indrindra amin' ny Asan' ny Apôstôly toko faha-15[29] hatrany amin' ny asa fanompoan' i [[Paoly (apôstôly)|Paoly]], ary nifarana tamin' ny 62 taor. J.K. tamin' ny fitorian' i Paoly tany [[Rôma Taloha|Rôma]] izay nigadrany tao an-tranomaizina.

Ny mpanara-dia an' i Jesoa voalohany indrindra dia sekta nisy ny [[Kristiana jiosy apôkaliptika]] tao anatin' ny [[jodaisman' ny Tempoly Faharoa]].[1][30][31][32][33] Ireo antokon’ olona kristiana tany am-boalohany ireo dia tena [[Jiosy]], toy ny [[Ebiônita]], [30] sy ny fiangonana kristiana voalohany tany [[Jerosalema]], izay notarihan’ i [[Jakoba ilay Marina|Jakoba Ilay Marina]], rahalahin’ i Jesoa.[34] Araka ny Asan’ ny Apôstôly toko fa-9, [35] dia nilaza ny tenany ho “mpianatry ny Tompo” sy [mpanara-dia] “ny Lalana” izy ireo, ary araka ny Asan’ ny Apôstôly toko faha-11, [36] dia ny vondron’ ny mpianatra nanorim-ponenana tany [[Antiôkia]] no nantsoina voalohany amin' ny anarana hoe “''Kristiana”''. Ny sasany tamin' ireo vondrom-piarahamonina kristiana voalohany ireo dia nahasarika an' ireo olona antsoina hoe &quot;[[Matahotra an' Andriamanitra|natahotra an' Andriamanitra]]&quot;, izany hoe ireo Grekô-Rômana niray fo tamin' ny jodaisma nefa tsy nety niova finoana ho amin' izany fivavahana izany fa nitazona ny maha [[Jentilisa]] na Jentily (tsy Jiosy, tsy Jody) azy, izay efa nitsidika [[sinagôga]] jiosy.[37][38] Niteraka olana ny fampidirana ny Jentilisa, satria tsy afaka nitandrina tsara ny [[Halakà]] izy ireo. I Saoly avy any Tarsosy, izay fantatra amin’ ny anarana hoe Paoly Apôstôly, dia nanenjika ny Kristiana jiosy tany am-boalohany, nefa niova fo taty aoriana sy nanomboka nanao ny asa nanirahana azy tany amin’ ny Jentilisa[37]. Ny tena zava-dehibe amin’ ny [[Epistilin'i Paoly|taratasin' i Paoly]] dia ny fampidirana ny Jentilisa ao amin’ ny [[Fanekem-pihavanana vaovao]]&lt;nowiki/&gt;n’ Andriamanitra, izay mandefa hafatra fa ny finoana an’ i Kristy dia ampy hahazoana ny [[famonjena]][37][39][40]. Noho io fampidirana ny Jentilisa io dia niova ny toetran' ny kristianisma voalohany ary nitombo tsikelikely ivelan' ny [[jodaisma]] nandritra ny taonjato roa voalohany amin' ny vanim-potoana kristiana.[37] Nanao tonon-tsiahy lovantsofina i Eosebio sy Epifanio avy any Salamisy, izay [[Rain' ny Fiangonana]], tamin’ ny taonjato fahefatra, fa talohan’ ny nandravana an’ i [[Jerosalema]] tamin’ ny taona 70, dia nampitandremina tamin’ ny fomba mahagaga ny Kristiana tao Jerosalema mba handositra ho any Pela, any amin’ ny faritr’ i [[Dekapôlisy]], any ampitan’ ny ony [[Jordana (ony)|Jôrdana]].[41]

Ny [[Filazantsara]] sy ny [[Epistily]] ao amin' ny [[Testamenta Vaovao]] dia mirakitra ireo fiekem-pinoana sy fihirana tany am-boalohany, ary koa ny fitantarana momba ny [[fijalian' i Jesoa]], ny [[fasana foana]] ary ny fisehoan' i Jesoa taorin' ny [[Fitsanganan' i Jesoa ho velona|fitsanganany amin' ny maty]][43]. Ny kristianisma tany am-boalohany dia niely hatrany tamin' ny mpino tao amin' ireo vahoaka [[Fiteny arameana|miteny arameana]] teny amin' ny tany manamorona ny [[Ranomasina Mediteranea]] ary koa tany amin' ny faritra afovoan' ny [[Empira Rômana]] sy tany amin' ny faritra hafa, tany amin' ny [[Empira Partiana]] sy ny [[Empira Sasaniana]] tatỳ aoriana, anisan' izany i [[Mesôpôtamia]], izay nanjakan' ireo empira ireo tamin' ny vanim-potoana samihafa.[44]

=== Vanim-potoana ante-nikeana ===
Ny vanim-potoana talohan' ny [[Kônsily voalohany tao Nikea|Kônsily tao Nikea]] (na Nisea) dia vanim-potoana taorian' ny vanim-potoana apôstôlika ka hatramin' ity [[kônsily]] ity tamin' ny taona 325. Tamin' ny fiandohan' ny vanim-potoana nikeana niely nanerana an' i [[Eorôpa Andrefana]] sy ny Lemaka Mediteraneana ary any [[Afrika Avaratra]] sy [[Afrika Atsinanana|Atsinanana]] ny finoana. Nisy rafitry ny Fiangonana ara-dalàna kokoa nipoitra avy tamin’ ireo vondrom-piarahamonina tany am-boalohany, ary nivelatra ny [[foto-pampianarana]] kristiana samihafa. Nihataka tamin’ ny [[jodaisma]] ny [[kristianisma]], ka namorona ny maha-izy azy manokana tamin’ ny alalan’ ny fandavana mafy ny jodaisma sy ny fanao jiosy.

==== Fampandrosoana ny rafi-piangonana ====
Nitombo teo amin' ny 40% teo ho eo isan-taona ny isan' ny Kristiana nandritra ny taonjato voalohany sy faharoa.[45] Tao amin' ny fiangonana taorian' ny Apôstôly dia nisy ambaratongam-pitondram-pivavahana nipoitra tsikelikely satria ny mpiandraikitra ny vahoaka kristiana an-tanàn-dehibe dia naka endrika &quot;''episkopoi''&quot; (mpiandraikitra; niandohan' ny teny hoe &quot;eveka&quot; sy &quot;episkôpaly&quot;) sy &quot;''presbyter''&quot; (loholona; niandohan' ny teny hoe &quot;pretra&quot;) ary avy eo &quot;diakon&quot; (mpanompo; niavian' ny hoe &quot;diakôna&quot; na &quot;diakra&quot;). Saingy nipoitra tsikelikely izany ary tamin' ny fotoana samihafa tany amin' ny toerana samihafa. I [[Klemento avy any Rôma|Klemento]], evekan’ i Rôma tamin’ ny taonjato voalohany, dia nanondro ny mpitarika ny fiangonana kôrintiana tao amin’ ny epistiliny ho an’ ny Kôrintiana ho &quot;eveka&quot; sy &quot;presbitera&quot; mifandimby. Ny mpanoratra ao amin' ny [[Testamenta Vaovao]] koa dia mampiasa ny teny hoe mpiandraikitra sy loholona amin' ny fifandimbiasana sy amin' ny teny mitovy hevitra.[46]

==== Kristianisma isan-karazany ====
Ny vanim-potoana ante-nikeana dia nahita ny firongatry ny sekta sy fivavahana ary hetsika kristiana marobe izay nanana toetra mampiray sy matanjaka izay tsy ampy tamin' ny vanim-potoanan' ny [[Apôstôly roa ambin' ny folo|Apôstôly]]. Samy nanana ny fomba fahazoany ny [[Baiboly]] izy ireo, indrindra fa ny momba ny foto-pampianarana teôlôjika toy ny [[Andriamanitra Zanaka|maha Andriamanitra an’ i Jesoa]] sy ny toetran’ ny [[Trinite]]. Maro amin' ny fiovaovana nisy nandritra izany fotoana izany no manohitra ny fanasokajiana tsara, satria ny endrika samihafan' ny kristianisma dia nifanerasera tamin' ny fomba sarotra mba hamoronana ny toetran' ny kristianisma mavitrika izay nisy nandritra izany vanim-potoana izany. Ny vanim-potoana taorian' ny Andro Aapôstôlika dia samy hafa na teo amin' ny finoana sy ny fanao. Ho fanampin' ny sampana midadasika amin' ny kristianisma, dia nisy fiovana tsy tapaka sy fahasamihafàna izay niteraka fifandirana teo amin' ny samy ao anatiny sy ny fananganana [[sinkretisma]].[47][48][49][50]

==== Fampandrosoana ny kanônan' ny Baiboly ====
Ny [[epistilin' i Paoly]] dia nivezivezy tamin' ny endrika voangona tamin' ny faran' ny taonjato voalohany.[51] Tany am-piandohan' ny taonjato faha-3 dia nisy andiana asa soratra kristiana mitovy amin' ny [[Testamenta Vaovao]] ankehitriny, na dia mbola nisy aza ny fifandirana momba ny maha-kanônika ny [[Epistily ho an' ny Hebreo]], ny [[Epistilin' i Jakoba]], ny [[Epistily voalohan' i Petera]], ny [[Epistily voalohan' i Joany|Epistily voalohany]] sy [[Epistily faharoan' i Joany|faharoan' i Joany]] ary ny [[Apôkalipsin' i Joany|Apôkalipsy]].[52][53] Tamin' ny taonjato faha-4, dia nisy firaisankina teo amin' ny Tandrefana momba ny kanônan' ny [[Testamenta Vaovao]], [54] ary tamin' ny taonjato faha-5 dia nanaiky ny Bokin' ny Apôkalipsy ny Atsinanana, afa-tsy ny maningana vitsivitsy, ka dia nifanaraka tamin' io raharaha io. ny kanôna.[55]

==== Asa soratra prôtô-ôrtôdôksa ====
Rehefa niely nanerana ny tanin’ ny [[Empira Rômana]] sy tany ivelan’ ny sisin-taniny ny kristianisma, dia nahazo mpikambana sasany avy amin’ ny saranga ara-tsôsialy ambony sy ny nahita fianarana tsara teo amin’ ny tontolo grika izy; lasa eveka izy ireo indraindray. Namokatra karazana asa roa izy ireo, dia ny [[teôlôjia]] sy ny [[apôlôjia]], ary ireto farany dia asa natao hiarovana ny finoana kristiana amin’ ny fampiasana ny saina sy ny [[filôzôfia]] ary ny Soratra Masina mba hanoherana ny hevitra manohitra ny fahamarinan’ ny kristianisma. Ireo mpanoratra ireo dia fantatra amin' ny anarana hoe [[Rain' ny Fiangonana]] na Aban' ny Eglizy, ary ny fandalinana ny fiainany sy ny asa sorany dia antsoina hoe [[patristika]]. Anisan' ireo Rain' ny Fiangonana voalohany malaza i Ignatiôsy avy any Antiôkia, i Pôlikarpôsy, i Jostinôsy Martira, i Ireneo, i Klemento avy any Aleksandria, i Tertoliano, ary i Ôrigenesy.

==== Zavakanton' ny Kristiana voalohany ====
Ny zavakanto sy ny maritrano kristiana tany am-boalohany dia nipoitra somary tara ary ny sary kristiana voalohany fantatra dia nipoitra tamin' ny taona 200 tany ho any, [56] na dia misy porofo avy amin' ny literatiora aza fa nampiasaina teo aloha ny sary kely an-trano. [[katakômba]], nisy tamin' ny 200 teo ho eo, ary ny sary sokitra kristiana tranainy indrindra dia avy amin' ny [[sarkôfazy]], nanomboka tamin' ny fiandohan' ny taonjato faha-3.[57] Ny fandavana ny sary tany am-boalohany, sy ny tsy maintsy hanafenana ny fanao kristiana amin' ny fanenjehana, dia namela firaketana an-tsoratra vitsivitsy momba ny kristianisma voalohany sy ny fivoarany.[57]

==== Nenjehina avy eo nekena ho ara-dalàna ====
Tsy nisy fanenjehana nanerana ny [[Empira Rômana]] ny Kristiana hatramin' ny nanjakan' i [[Dekio]] tamin' ny taonjato faha-3.[58] Ny fanenjehana farany sy mafy indrindra nokarakarain' ny manampahefana rômana dia ny fanenjehana nataon' i [[Diôkletiano]] tamin' ny taona, 303 hatramin' ny 311.[59]

Ny Didin' i Serdica dia navoaka tamin' ny 311 avy amin' ny emperora rômana Galerio, izay namarana tamin' ny fomba ôfisialy ny fanenjehana ny Kristiana tany Atsinanana. Tamin’ ny famoahana ny Didin’ i Milano (313), izay nametrahan’ ny emperora rômana [[Kônstantino Lehibe]] sy i Likinio ho ara-dalàna ny fivavahana kristiana, dia nitsahatra ny fanenjehana ny Kristiana nataon’ ny Empira Rômana[60].

Ny [[Fanjakan' i Armenia]] no firenena voalohany teto amin' izao tontolo izao nametraka ny kristianisma ho fivavaham-panjakana, rehefa, tamin' ny hetsika fanao mahazatra tamin' ny taona 301, i [[Gregôrio Mpanazava]] nandresy lahatra an' i [[Tiridatesy III]], mpanjakan' i Armenia, hiova ho Kristiana.

== Ampahany farany amin' ny Andro Taloha (325–476) ==

=== Ny fitaoman' ny emperora Kônstantino ===
Sarotra ny hamantarana hoe hatraiza ny kristianisma noraisin’ ny emperora rômana Kônstantino tamin’ io fotoana io,[61] fa ny nidirany dia kihon-dalana ho an’ ny Fiangonana kristiana. Nanohana ara-bola ny Fiangonana izy, nanorina [[bazilika]] isan-karazany, nanome tombontsoa (ohatra: fanafahana amin’ ny hetra sasany) ho an’ ny mpitondra fiangonana, nampisondrotra ny Kristiana ho amin’ ny toerana ambony sasany, ary namerina ny fananana nogiazana [62] . Nandray anjara mavitrika tamin’ ny fitarihana ny Fiangonana i Kônstantino. Tamin' ny taona 316, dia nitsara ny ady tany Afrika Avaratra momba ny adihevitra mikasika ny dônatista izy. Ny zava-dehibe kokoa, tamin' ny 325 dia nampiantso ny [[Kônsily voalohany tao Nikea|Kônsilin' i Nikea]] izy, izay [[kônsily ekiomenika]] voalohany. Noho izany dia nametraka ohatra ho an’ ny emperora izy ho tompon’ andraikitra eo anatrehan’ Andriamanitra amin’ ny fahasalamana ara-panahin’ ireo olom-peheziny, ary noho izany dia manana adidy hihazona ny ôrtôdôksia (na fampianarana marina). Izy dia tokony hampihatra ny [[foto-pampianarana]], hamongotra ny [[fivavahan-diso]], ary hanohana ny firaisan-kina ara-pivavahana[63].

Ilay mpandimby ny zanak' i Kônstantino, atao hoe Joliano, zana-drahalahiny, teo ambany fitarihan' i Mardônio mpanolo-tsaina azy, dia nandao ny kristianisma ary nandray ny endriky ny [[paganisma grika-rômana]] [[Neôplatônisma|neôplatônika]] sy mistika, izay nanafintohina ny fiorenan' ny Kristiana[64]. Niezaka namelona indray ny paganisma grika-rômana tao amin’ ny [[Empira Rômana]] izy ary nanomboka tamin’ ny fanokafana indray ny tempolin’ izany fivavahana izany, ka nanova azy ireo hitovy amin’ ny fomba kristiana, toy ny [[rafitra episkôpaly]] sy ny fiantrana ampahibemaso (izay tsy fantatra teo amin’ ny fivavahana grika-rômana). Nifarana ny fotoana fohy nanjakan’ i Joliano rehefa maty tamin’ ny ady tamin’ ny [[Persia|Persiana]] izy (363).

=== Ny arianisma sy ny kônsily ekiomenika voalohany ===
Ny fotopampianaran' ny [[kristôlôjia]] manohitra ny [[Trinite]] malaza, izay niely nanerana ny [[Empira Rômana]] nanomboka tamin' ny taonjato faha-4, dia ny [[Arianisma (teôlôjia)|arianisma]], [65] [66] naorin' ny presbitera kristiana [[Ariosy]] avy any Aleksandria, any Egipta, izay nampianatra fa i [[Jesoa|Jesoa Kristy]] dia zavaboary miavaka sy ambany noho [[Andriamanitra Ray]].[65][66]

Na dia nohelohina ho [[fivavahan-diso]] aza ny fampianaran' i Ariosy ka nesorin’ ny Fiangonana tao amin’ ny Empira Rômana tamin’ ny farany, dia nalaza hatrany ivelan' ny tanin' ilay empira izy io nandritra ny fotoana elaela. Tamin' ny faramparan' ny taonjato faha-4, i Olfila, eveka rômana mpomba ny arianisma, no voatendry ho misiônera kristiana voalohany tany amin' ny [[Gôty (vahoaka)|Gôty]], [[vahoaka jermanika]] tany amin' ny ampahany be amin' i [[Eorôpa]] teo amin' ny sisin-tany sy tao anatin' ny Empira Rômana.[65][66] I Olfila dia nampiely ny arianisma teo amin' ny Gôty, nampiorina mafy ny finoana teo amin' ny foko jermanika maro, ka nanampy azy ireo hitoetra tsy hitovy amin' ny kolontsaina sy ny fivavahan' ny [[Kristianisma kalkedôniana|Kristiana kalkedôniana]].[65][66][67]

Nandritra io vanim-potoana io, dia natao ny [[kônsily ekiomenika]] voalohany. Niadian-kevitra ny fifandirana ara-pinoana sy ara-pivavahana. Ny [[Kônsily voalohany tao Nikea]] (taona 325) sy ny [[Kônsily voalohany tao Kônstantinôpla]] (taona 381) dia niafara tamin’ ny fanamelohana ny arianisma ho fivavahan-diso ary namoaka ny [[Fanekem-pinoana nikeana]].

=== Ny kristianisma lasa fivavaham-panjakana rômana ===
Tamin' ny 27 Febroary 380, tamin' ny alàlan' ny Didin' i Tesalônika navoaka teo ambany fahefàn' i [[Teôdôsio I]] sy i Gratiano ary i [[Valentiniano II]], ny [[Empira Rômana]] dia nandray tamin' ny fomba ôfisialy ny [[kristianisma trinitariana]] ho [[fivavaham-panjakana]]. Talohan’ io daty io, i [[Kônstantio II]] sy i [[Valentio]] dia nankasitraka manokana ny kristianisma ariana na semi-ariana, saingy i Teôdôsio I, mpandimby an’ i Valentio, dia nanohana ny fampianarana momba ny [[Trinite]], araka ny nohazavaina tao amin’ ny Fiekem-pinoana nikeana.

Taorian' ny niorenany, ny Fiangonana dia nandray ny sisin-tanin' ny fandaminana mitovy amin' ny an' ny empira: faritany ara-jeôgrafia, antsoina hoe [[diôsezy]], mifanitsy amin' ny fizarazaran' ny governemantan' ny empira. Ny [[eveka]], izay nipetraka tao amin' ny tanàna lehibe toy ny tamin' ny fomba mahazatra talohan' ny lalàna, dia nanara-maso ny diôsezy tsirairay. Tamin’ ireo fari-piadidian' ny eveka ireo, dia nisy dimy lasa nitana toerana ambony: i [[Rôma]], i [[Kônstantinôpla]], i [[Jerosalema]], i [[Antiôkia]] (na Antiôka), ary i [[Aleksandria]]. Niankina tamin’ ny [[Apôstôly roa ambin' ny folo|Apôstôly]] mpanorina azy ireo ny lazan’ ny ankamaroan’ ireo toerana ireo, ka ny eveka no mpandimby ara-panahy. Na dia mbola noheverina ho voalohany teo amin’ ireo mitovy aminy aza ny evekan’ i Rôma, dia i Kônstantinôpla no laharana faharoa tamin’ ny maha-renivohitra vaovaon’ ilay empira azy.

Namoaka didy i [[Teôdôsio I]] fa ireo izay tsy mino ny &quot;lovam-pampianarana mahatoky&quot;, toy ny [[Trinite]], dia tokony hoheverina ho mpanao [[fivavahan-diso]] tsy ara-dalàna, [68] ary tamin' ny 385, izany no nahatonga ny Fanjakana ho voalohany, fa tsy ny Fiangonana, nanao fanasaziana ho faty ny [[Fivadiham-pinoana|mpivadi-pinoana]], dia i Priskiliano.[69][70]

=== Ny Fiangonan' ny Atsinanana sy ny Empira Sasaniana ===
Nandritra ny fiandohan' ny taonjato faha-5, ny Sekolin' i Edesa dia nampianatra fomba fijery [[Kristôlôjia|kristôlôjika]] izay milaza fa ny maha Andriamanitra sy ny maha olombelona an' i Kristy dia midika fa olona miavaka izy. Ny vokany manokana amin’ io fomba fijery io dia ny hoe tsy azo antsoina ho [[Renin' Andriamanitra|Renin’ Andriamanitra]] i [[Maria (renin' i Jesoa)|Maria]] fa azo raisina ho [[Renin’ i Kristy]] ihany. Ny mpomba an' io fomba fijery io malaza indrindra dia ny patriarkan' i Kônstantinôpla antsoina hoe [[Nestôriôsy]]. Hatramin' ny niantsoana an' i Maria ho Renin' Andriamanitra dia nanjary nalaza tany amin' ny faritra maro tao amin' ny Fiangonana ka nanjary olana mampisara-bazana izany.

Nangataka ny hanaovana ny [[Kônsilin' i Efesôsy]] (431) i [[Teôdôsio II]], emperora rômana, mba handaminana ilay raharaha. Nolavin' ny kôsily tamin' ny farany ny hevitr' i Nestôriôsy. Nisaraka tamin’ ny Eglizy Rômana ny fiangonana maro nanaraka ny fomba fijerin’ ny Nestôriana, ka niteraka fisarahana lehibe izany. Nesorina ny fiangonana nestôriana, ary maro ny mpanara-dia nandositra nankany amin’ ny [[Empira Sasanida]] (Persiana) izay nanaiky izany. Ny Empira Sasanida dia nanana Kristianina niova fo maro tany am-piandohan' ny tantarany, nifamatotra akaiky tamin' ny sampana siriakan' ny kristianisma. [[Zôrôastrisma|Zôrôastriana]] tamin' ny fomba ôfisialy ny Empira Sasanida ary nifikitra mafy tamin' io finoana io, amin' ny ampahany mba hanavahany ny tenany amin' ny fivavahan' ny [[Empira Rômana]] (ny [[paganisma grika-rômana]] tany am-boalohany ary avy eo ny kristianisma). Nanjary noleferina ny kristianisma tao amin' ny Empira Sasanida, ary rehefa nihamaro ny [[Fivadiham-pinoana|mpivadi-pinoana]] vokatry ny nataon' ny Empira Rômana nandritra ny taonjato faha-4 sy faha-6, dia nitombo haingana ny vondrom-piarahamonina kristiana sasaniana.[71] Tamin' ny faran' ny taonjato faha-5 dia niorina mafy ny Fiangonana Persiana ary nanjary nahaleo tena tamin' ny Fiangonana Rômana. Io fiangonana io dia nivoatra ka lasa ilay antsoina ankehitriny hoe [[Fiangonan' ny Atsinanana]].

Tamin' ny taona 451, ny [[Kônsilin' i Kalkedôna]] dia natao mba hanazavana bebe kokoa ny olana ara-[[kristôlôjia]] manodidina ny [[nestôrianisma]]. Ny kônsily tamin' ny farany dia nanambara fa ny maha Andriamanitra sy ny maha olombelona an' i Kristy dia misaraka fa samy ao anatin' ny singa iray, fomba fijery nolavin' ny fiangonana maro izay niantso ny tenany ho [[Miafizisma|miafizita]] izany. Niteraka fiandanian' ny fiangonana izany fisarahana izany, anisan' izany ny Fiangonana Armeniana sy Siriana ary Ejipsiana[72] Na dia nisy ezaka natao tamin’ ny fampihavanana aza nandritra ny taonjato vitsivitsy nanaraka, dia nitohy hatrany ny fisarahana, ka niteraka ilay antsoina ankehitriny hoe Ôrtôdôksa Tatsinanana.

=== Mônastisisma ===
Ny [[mônastisisma]] dia ny fanaon' ny olona izay miala amin' ny fikatsahana izao tontolo izao ary mandeha irery ho mpitoka-monina (hermita) na miditra amin' ny vondrom-piarahamonina voalamina tsara. Nanomboka tany am-boalohany tao amin’ ny Fiangonana kristiana izy io tamin’ ny maha fianakaviana nanana fanao ifandovana mitovy amin’ izany, nalaina tamin’ ny ohatra sy foto-kevitra araka ny [[Soratra Masina]], ary avy amin’ ny fakan' ny sasany tahaka ny [[jodaisma]]. I [[Joany mpanao batisa|Joany Mpanao Batisa]] no noheverina ho [[moanina]] (na monka) môdely voalohany, ary ny mônastisisma dia nentanin' ny fandaminana tao amin' ny vondrom-piarahamonin' ny [[Apôstôly roa ambin' ny folo|Apôstôly]] araka ny voarakitra ao amin' ny [[Asan' ny Apôstôly]] (Asa 2:42–47).[73]

Mpanoratra kristiana malaza tamin' ny tapany farany amin' ny [[Andro Taloha]] toa an' i [[Ôrigenesy avy any Aleksandria|Ôrigenesy]], i Hierônimôsy (na Jerôma), i Joany Krisôstôma, ary i Aogostino avy any Hipôna, no nandika ny hevitry ny lahatsoratra ao amin' ny [[Baiboly]] tao anatin' ny tontolom-pivavahana feno fanavakavahana.[74] Ny ohatra ara-Baiboly momba ny [[asketisma]] dia hita teo amin' ny fiainan' i Joany Mpanao Batisa, i [[Jesoa|Jesoa Kristy]], ny Apôstôly roa ambin' ny folo ary i [[Paoly (apôstôly)|Paoly Apôstôly]].[74] Nahariharin’ ny [[Horonan-tsoratry ny Ranomasina Maty]] ny fanaon’ ny [[Eseniana]], sekta jiosy fahiny, izay nivoady fa hifady hanomanana ady masina. Ny fanantitranterana ny fiainana ara-pivavahana asketika dia hita tao amin' ny asa soratra kristiana voalohany (jereo: [[Filôkalia]]) sy ny fanao tamin' izany fotoana izany (jereo: [[hesikasma]]). Anisan' ireo mpivavaka kristianina hafa amin' ny asketisma ny olo-masina toa an' i Paoly Hermita, i Simeôna Stilita, i Davida avy any Valesa, i Joany avy any Damaskôsy, ary i Fransisko avy any Assise.[74]

Ny Tany efitr' i [[Afovoany Atsinanana]] dia nisy fotoana nonenan' ny lehilahy sy vehivavy kristiana asketika sy hermita ary ankôrita an' arivony, [75] anisan' izany i Md Antôniôsy Lehibe (fantatra amin' ny anarana hoe Md Antôniôsy avy any an' Efitra), Mb Maria avy any Ejipta, ary Md Simeôna Stilita, fantatra amin' ny anarana hoe [[Rain' ny Taniefitra]] sy [[Renin' ny Taniefitra]]. Tamin' ny taona 963 dia niforona ny fikambanan' ny [[mônastera]] antsoina hoe Lavra teo amin' ny [[Tendrombohitra Athos]], araka ny lovantsofina ôrtôdôksa tatsinanana.[76] Io no ivon-toerana manan-danja indrindra amin' ireo antokon' olona asketika kristiana ôrtôdôksa nandritra ny taonjato maro nanaraka.[76] Amin' izao vanim-potoana môderina izao, ny Tendrombohitra Athos sy Meteora dia nitoetra ho foibe manan-danja lehibe.[77]

Miaina irery ny moanina ermita na hermita, fa ny kenôbitika kosa dia miaina ao anaty vondrom-piarahamonina, amin' ny ankapobeny ao amin' ny mônastera, eo ambanin' ny fitsipika (na fitsipika fanao) ary fehezin' ny abôta. Tany am-boalohany, ny moanina kristiana rehetra dia mpitolona, ​​nanaraka ny ohatr’ i Antôniôsy Lehibe. Na izany aza, ny filana endrika fitarihana ara-panahy voalamina dia nitarika an' i Pakômiôsy tamin' ny taona 318 mba handamina ny mpanara-dia azy maro ho lasa monastera voalohany. Tsy ela dia nisy andrim-pandaminana toy izany naorina nanerana ny tany efitr’ i Ejipta sy ny sisa tamin’ ny tapany atsinanan’ ny [[Empira Rômana]]. Tena nahasarika ny vehivavy izany hetsika izany.[78] Isan' ny ivon' ny fampandrosoana ny mônastisisma dia i Basiliôsy Lehibe any Atsinanana ary, any Andrefana, i Benedikto (na Benoà), namorona ny Fitsipik' i Md Benedikto, izay ho lasa fitsipika mahazatra indrindra mandritra ny Andro Antenatenany sy ny fiandohan' ny fitsipika mônastika hafa. [79]

== Tapany voalohany amin' ny Andro Antenatenany (476–842) ==
Ny tetezamita mankany amin' ny fiandohan' ny [[Andro Antenatenany]] dia dingana tsikelikely sy isan-toerana. Nitombo ny faritra ambanivohitra noho ny tobim-pamokarana raha nihena ny tanàn-dehibe. Na dia betsaka kokoa aza ny Kristiana nijanona tany Atsinanana (faritra grika), dia nisy fivoarana lehibe teo amin’ ny Tandrefana (faritra latina), ary samy nanana endrika miavaka. Ny evekan’ i Rôma nifandimby, izany hoe ny [[papa]], dia voatery nampifanaraka tamin’ ny toe-javatra niova be. Tsy nifikitra afa-tsy tamin’ ny emperora izy ireo, ka voatery nifampiraharaha tamin’ ny “mpanapaka barbarianina” tany amin’ ny faritany rômana rehetra taloha. Tany Atsinanana, ny Fiangonana dia nitazona ny rafitra sy ny toetrany ary nivoatra tsikelikely.

=== Fanitarana nataon' ny misiônera tandrefana ===
Nifanindry tamin' ny ezaka misiônera tany am-boalohany tany amin' ny faritra tsy voafehin' ny fanjakana nirodana ny famoizana tsikelikely ny fanjakan' ny [[Empira Rômana Tandrefana]], izay nosoloina ny fanjakana federaly sy jermanika.[80] Tany am-piandohan' ny taonjato faha-5, ny asa misiônera avy any [[Britaina Lehibe]] nofehezin' ny Rômana ho any amin' ny faritra seltika ([[Ekôsy]] sy [[Irlandy]] ary [[Valesa]]) dia namokatra fomba fanao nifaninana tamin' ny kristianisma seltika, izay naverina teo ambany fifehezan' ny Fiangonana tany Rôma tatỳ aoriana. Ny misiônera nalaza tany [[Eorôpa Avaratra-Andrefana]] tamin’ izany fotoana izany dia ny olo-masina kristiana Patrick sy Columba ary Columbanus. Ny vahoaka anglô-saksôna izay nanafika an' i Britaina Lehibe atsimo, fotoana fohy taorian' ny nandaozan' ny Rômana dia mpanaraka ny paganisma tamin' ny voalohany, saingy nampiova fo ho amin' ny kristianisma tamin' ny alalan' i Aogostino avy any Canterbéry noho ny asa nanirahana ny papa [[Gregôrio Lehibe]]. Tsy ela dia lasa foiben' ny misiônera, ny misiônera toa an' i Wilfrid sy i Willibrord sy i Lullus ary i Boniface dia nampiova fo ny havany [[Saksôna (vahoaka)|Saksôna]] tany Jermania.

Ny ankamaroan' ny Kristiana galô-rômana monina any [[Galia]] ([[Frantsa]] sy [[Belzika]] ankehitriny) dia resin' ny [[Franka (vahoaka)|Franka]] tamin' ny fiandohan' ny taonjato faha-5. Nenjehina ny tompon-tany mandra-piovan’ ny mpanjaka Francis Clovis I avy amin’ ny [[paganisma]] ho amin’ ny fivavahana katôlika rômana, tamin’ ny taona 496. Nanizingizina i Clovis fa hanaraka an’ izany ireo andriana namany, ka nanamafy ny fanjakany vao niorina tamin’ ny fampiraisana ny finoan’ ny mpitondra sy ny an’ ny vahoaka [81]. Taorian’ ny nipoiran’ ny Fanjakana Franka sy ny toe-draharaha ara-pôlitika nilamina, dia nampitombo ny asan’ ny misiônera ny tapany andrefana tamin’ ny Fiangonana, izay notohanan’ ny tarana-mpanjaka [[merôvinjiana]] ho fitaovana hampitoniana ny mponina manodidina sahirana. Taorian' ny nanorena fiangonana iray tao Utrecht nataon' i Willibrord, dia nitranga ny fihenjanana rehefa nandrava foibe kristiana maro ny mpanjaka frisiana Radbod teo anelanelan' ny taona 716 sy 719. Tamin' ny taona 717, i Boniface, misiônera anglisy, dia nalefa hanampy an' i Willibrord, nanangana indray ny fiangonana rehetra tany Frisia ary nanohy ny asa fitoriana any Jermania.[81] Nandritra ny faramparan' ny taonjato faha-8, dia nanao famonoana faobe i [[Charlemagne]] mba handresena ny Saksôna mpanaraka ny paganisma sy hanerena azy ireo hanaiky ny kristianisma [82].

=== Kalifata Rasidona ===
Koa satria ny Kristiana dia heverina ho &quot;[[Olon' ny Boky]]&quot; ao amin' ny [[Silamo|fivavahana silamo]], ny Kristianina teo ambany fitondran' ny Miozolmana dia niharan' ny satan' ny ''dhimmi'' (miaraka amin' ny [[Jiosy]], ny [[Samaritana]], ny [[Gnôstisisma|Gnôstika]], ny [[Mandeisma|Mandeana]], ary ny [[Zôrôastrisma|Zôrôastriana]]), izay ambany noho ny satan' ny Miozolmana. [83][84][85] Niatrika fanavakavahana ara-pivavahana sy fanenjehana noho izany ny Kristianina sy ny antokom-pivavahana vitsy madinika vokatry ny fandrarana azy ireo tsy hitahita ny olona hiova finoana (ho an’ ny Kristianina dia voarara ny mitory ny filazantsara na manaparitaka ny kristianisma) tany amin’ ireo tany azon’ ny [[Arabo (vahoaka)|Arabo]] miozolmana noho ny fanaintainan’ ny fahafatesana, voarara tsy hitondra fitaovam-piadiana, nanao asa sasany, ary voatery nanao fitafiana hafa izy ireo mba hampiavaka ny tenany amin' ny Arabo[84] . Teo ambanin' ny [[lalàna silamo]] (''sharīʿa''), ny tsy Miozolmana dia voatery nandoa ny hetra atao hoe ''jizya'' sy ''kharaj'', [83][84][85] miaraka amin' ny vidim-panavotana mavesatra ara-potoana nalain' ny mpitondra miozolmana amin' ny vondrom-piarahamonina kristiana mba hamatsiana ny fanafihana ara-miaramila mitohy. Tamin' izany dia nitondra ampahany betsaka amin' ny fidiram-bola ho an' ny fanjakana silamo sy nampahantra Kristiana maro, ary ireo fahasahiranana ara-bola sy ara-tsôsialy ireo dia nanery ny Kristiana maro hivadika ho miozolmana.[84] Ireo Kristiana tsy afaka nandoa ireo hetra ireo dia voatery nanolotra ny zanany ho an' ireo mpitondra miozolmana izay hivarotra azy ireo ho andevo ho an' ny tokantrano miozolmana na voatery hivadika ho Miozolmana.[84]

Araka ny fomban' ny [[Fiangonana Ôrtôdôksa Siriaka]], ny fandresen' ny Miozolmana any [[Ampiposahana (faritra)|Ampiposahana]] dia fanamaivanana ho an' ireo Kristiana ampahorian' ny [[Empira Rômana Tandrefana]][85]. Mikaela Siriana, patriarika tany [[Antiôkia]], dia nanoratra tatỳ aoriana fa ny Andriamanitry ny Kristiana dia “nanandratra ny zanak’ i Ismaela avy tany atsimo mba hanafaka antsika amin’ ny tanan’ ny Rômana”[85]. Ny vondrom-piarahamonina kristiana isan-karazany any amin' ny faritr' i [[Palestina (faritra)|Palestina]] sy [[Siria (faritra)|Siria]] sy [[Libanona (faritra)|Libanona]] ary [[Armenia (faritra)|Armenia]] dia nankahala ny fitondran' ny Empira Rômana Tandrefana na ny an' ny [[Empira Bizantina]], ka noho izany dia naleony niaina tao anatin' ny toe-javatra ara-toekarena sy ara-pôlitika tsara kokoa noho ny ''dhimmi'' teo ambany fitondran' ny Miozolmana.[85] Na izany aza, ny mpahay tantara môderna dia manaiky ihany koa fa ny vahoaka kristiana monina any amin' ireo tany azon' ny tafika arabo miozolmana teo anelanelan' ny taonjato faha-7 sy faha-10 dia niharan' ny fanenjehana sy herisetra ara-pivavahana ary fahafatesana maritiora imbetsaka teo am-pelan-tanan' ny manampahefana sy mpanapaka miozolomana arabo [85]. ][86][87][88] maro no novonoina teo ambanin' ny fanamelohana ho faty araka ny lalàna islamika noho ny fiarovana ny finoana kristiana tamin' ny alalan' ny hetsika fanoherana mahery vaika toy ny fandavana ny hiova finoana ho miozolmana, ny fandavana ny fivavahana silamo ary ny fiverenana amin' ny kristianisma avy eo, ary ny fitenenan-dratsy ny [[Allah|Andriamanitry ny finoana silamo]].[86][87][88]

=== Kalifata Ômeiada ===
Araka ny Sekoly Ḥanafī momba ny lalàna silamo (''sharīʿa''), ny fijoroana vavolombelona ataon' ny tsy Miozolmana (toy ny Kristiana na Jiosy) dia tsy noheverina ho manan-kery manoloana ny fijoroana vavolombelona ataon' ny Miozolmana amin' ny raharaha ara-dalàna na sivily. Ara-tantara, ao amin' ny kolontsaina miozolmana sy ny lalàna silamo nentim-paharazana, dia voarara ny vehivavy miozolmana tsy hanambady lehilahy kristiana na jiosy, fa ny lehilahy miozolmana kosa dia navela hanambady vehivavy kristiana na jiosy[89][90] (jereo ny: [[fanambadiana iraisam-pinoana ao amin' ny silamo]]). Ny Kristiana teo ambany fitondran' ny Miozolmana dia nanana zo hivadika ho miozolmana na fivavahana hafa, raha mifanohitra amin' izany kosa ny ''murtad'', na mpivadi-pinoana amin' ny silamo, dia nahazo sazy henjana na ''hadd'' mihitsy aza, izay mety ahitana ny fanamelohana ho faty araka ny lalàna islamika.[86][87][88] ]

Amin' ny ankapobeny, ny Kristiana teo ambany fitondrana islamika dia navela hanatanteraka ny fivavahany miaraka amin' ny fetra miavaka sasany avy amin' ny Dina apôkrifan' i Umar. Io fifanarahana io, izay heverina fa natao tamin’ ny taona 717, dia nandrara ny Kristiana tsy hampiseho ampahibemaso ny [[hazo fijaliana]] teo amin’ ny trano fiangonany, tsy hiantso ny mpiangona hivavaka amin’ ny alalan' ny lakolosy, tsy hanorina indray na hanamboatra fiangonana sy [[mônasitera]] taorian’ ny fandravana na fahasimbana, ary nametraka fameperana hafa mifandraika amin' ny asa sy fitafiana ary fitaovam-piadiana[91] Nanenjika Kristiana berbera maro ny Kalifata Omeiada tamin' ny taonjato faha-7 sy faha-8, ka niova tsikelikely ho amin' ny finoana silamo ireo Kristiana ireo.[92]

Tany Umayyad al-Andalus (ao amin' ny [[Saikinosy Iberiana]]), ny sekolin' ny lalàna islamika Malikī no tena nanjaka.[87] Ny fahafatesan' ny maritiora kristiana valo amby efapolo izay nitranga tao amin' ny Emiratan' i Córdoba teo anelanelan' ny taona 850 sy 859[93] dia voarakitra ao amin' ny trakta hagiôgrafika nosoratan' i Eulogius avy any Córdoba, Kristiana iberiana sy latinista manam-pahaizana.[86][87][88]. ] Novonoina teo ambany fitondran' i Abd al-Rahman II sy Muhammad I ireo maritiora tao Córdoba ireo, ary ny hagiôgrafian' i Eulogius dia miresaka amin' ny antsipiriany ny famonoana ny maritiora noho ny fanitsakitsahana ny lalàna islamika, anisan' izany ny [[fivadiham-pinoana]] sy ny fitenenan-dratsy ([[blasfemia]]).[86][87][86] 88]

=== Kalifata Abasida ===
Mpahay siansa kristiana tatsinanana sy manam-pahaizana momba ny tontolo islamika tamin' ny [[Andro Antenatenany]] (indrindra fa ny Kristiana jakôbita sy nestôriana) dia nandray anjara tamin' ny sivilizasiôna arabo silamo nandritra ny fitondran' ny Omaiada sy ny Abasida, tamin' ny fandikana ny sangan' asan' ny filôzôfa grika ho amin' ny [[Fiteny siriaka|teny siriaka]] ary taorian' izay, tamin' ny [[Fiteny arabo|teny arabo]].[94] [95][96] Nahay [[filôzôfia]], [[siansa]], [[teôlôjia]] ary fitsaboana koa izy ireo.[97][98][99] Ary ny mpitsabo manokana ny kalifa abasida dia matetika Kristiana asiriana toy ny tarana-mpanjaka Bukhtishu naharitra ela.

Ny kalifa abasida dia tsy nandefitra loatra tamin' ny kristianisma raha oharina tamin' ireo kalifa omaiada[85]. Na izany aza, dia nanohy niasa tao amin' ny governemanta ny manam-pahefana kristiana, ary matetika ny Kristiana ao amin' ny Fiangonan' ny Tatsinanana no nandika ny [[filôzôfia grika]] fahiny sy ny [[matematika]] grika.[85] Ny asa soratr' i al-Jahiz dia nandresy ny Kristiana noho ny fanambinana loatra, ary nilaza fa afaka tsy miraharaha na dia ireo fameperana napetraky ny fanjakana aza [85]. Tamin' ny faramparan' ny taonjato faha-9, ny patriarkan' i Jerosalema, Theodosius, dia nanoratra tamin' ny mpiara-miasa aminy, ilay patriarkan' i Kônstantinôpla Ignatios, fa &quot;marina izy ireo ary tsy manisy ratsy antsika na mampiseho herisetra amintsika&quot;.[85]

I Elias avy any Heliôpôlisy, rehefa nifindra tany [[Damaskôsy]] (na Damasy) avy any [[Heliôpôlisy]] (Ba'albek), dia voampanga ho nivadi-pinoana tamin' ny kristianisma rehefa avy nanatrika fety nokarakarain' ny Arabo mozolmana iray, ary voatery nandositra an' i Damaskôsy ho any amin' ny tanàna niaviany, ary niverina valo taona taty aoriana, izay nisy azy. ekena sy nogadrain' ny &quot;eparka&quot;, angamba ilay mpahay lalàna al-Layth ibn Sa'd.[100]: 34  Rehefa avy nandà ny hivadika ho miozolmana izy, na dia nampijalina, dia nentina teo anatrehan' ny emira Damaskena sady havan' ny kalifa al-Mahdi (manodidina ny taona 775–785), Muhammad ibn-Ibrahim, izay nampanantena fitondrana tsara raha hiova fo i Elias.[100]: 34  Tamin’ ny fandavany imbetsaka, dia nampijalina sy notapahin-doha i Elias ary nodorana ny vatany, notapahana ary natsipy tany amin’ ny renirano Chrysorrhoes. (ny Barada) tamin’ ny taona 779 [100]: 34

Araka ny voalazan' i Synaxarion avy any Kônstantinôpla, ny hegômenôsy Michael avy any Zobe sy ny [[moanina]] enina amby telopolo tao amin' ny Mônasteran' i Zobe akaikin' i Sebasteia (Sivas) dia novonoina tamin' ny fanafihana ny vondrom-piarahamonina. ny Hagarenes&quot;, &quot;Alim&quot;, angamba i Ali ibn-Sulayman, governora abasida izay nanafika ny faritanin' ny Rômana tamin' ny taona 785. I Bacchus dia Palestiniana, izay ny fianakaviany, kristiana, dia niova fo ho amin' ny finoana silamo ny rainy.[100]: 29–30  i Bacchus anefa dia nijanona ho [[kriptô-kristiana]] ary nanao fivahiniana masina tany Jerosalema, izay natao [[batisa]] (na batemy) sy niditra tao amin' ny mônastera. an' i Mar Saba.[100]: 29–30  Ny fihaonany sy ny fianakaviany dia nahatonga azy ireo hiverina ho kristiana indray ary ny fitsarana sy ny famonoana an' i Bacchus noho ny fivadiham-pinoana teo ambany fitondran' ny emira Harthama ibn A'yan.[100]: 29–30

Taorian' ny fanaovam-pahirano an' i Amorium tamin' ny taona 838, tanàna niavian' ny emperora Theophilos (r. 829–842) sy ny tarana-mpanjaka amôriana, ny kalifa al-Mu'tasim (manodidina ny taona 833–842) dia nitondra babo rômana maherin' ny efapolo [100]: 41–42  Nentina tany Samarra renivohitra izy ireo, ary taorian’ ny fito taona nisian’ ny adihevitra ara-teôlôjia sy ny fandavana ny hivadika ho miozolmana, dia novonoina ho faty izy ireo tamin’ ny vola a Marsa 845 teo ambany fitondran’ ny kalifa al-Wathiq (manodidina ny taona 842–847).[ 100]: 41–42  Tao anatin' ny taranaka iray dia nohajaina ho maritiora 42 tao Amorium izy ireo. Araka ny filazan' i Euodius, hagiôgrafan' izy ireo, izay angamba nanoratra tao anatin' ny taranaka iray nisy ny zava-nitranga, dia i Theophilos sy ny [[ikônôklasma]] no nahatonga ny faharesena tao Amorium. mpanoratra fantatra amin' ny anarana hoe Michael avy any Synkellos, anisan' ireo roa amby efapolo i Kallistos, ilay Malemy Fanahy an' ny thema Kôlôneiana, ary ilay maritiora mahery fo Theodore Karteros.[100]: 41–42

Nandritra ny [[ady nifanaovan' ny Arabo sy ny Bizantina]] tamin' ny taonjato faha-10, ny fandresen' ny Rômana ny Arabo dia niafara tamin' ny fanafihan' ny vahoaka ny Kristiana, izay noheverina fa niray fo tamin' ny [[Empira Rômana]].[85] Araka ny voalazan' i Bar Hebraeus, Katôlika tao amin' ny [[Fiangonan' ny Atsinanana]], i Abraham III (manodidina ny taona 906–937), dia nanoratra tamin' ny [[viziry lehibe]] hoe: &quot;isika Nestôriana dia naman' ny Arabo sady mivavaka ho an' ny fandreseny&quot;. Ny fihetsiky ny [[Nestôrianisma|Nestôriana]] “izay tsy manana mpanjaka hafa afa-tsy ny Arabo”, dia nampifanohitra tamin’ ny Fiangonana Ôrtôdôksa Grika, izay nolazainy fa “tsy nitsahatra niady tamin’ ny Arabo ny emperorany [85] Teo anelanelan’ ny taona 923 sy 924 rava ny fiangonana tao anatin' ny herisetran' ny vahoaka tao Ramla, Askelôna sy tao Kaisarea Maritima, ary [[Damaskôsy]].[85] Isaky ny tranga, araka ny filazan' i Eutychius, mpanoratra tantara kristiana sady arabo melkita avy any [[Aleksandria]], ny kalifa al-Muqtadir (manodidina ny taona 908–932) dia nandray anjara tamin' ny ady. fanorenana indray ny fananan’ ny Fiangonana.[85]

=== Ikônôklasma bizantina ===
Taorian' ny andian-tafika mahery vaika nanohitra ny Miozolmana, dia nipoitra tao amin' ny tanin' ny [[Empira Bizantina]] ny ikônôklasma tamin' ny fiandohan' ny taonjato faha-8. Tamin' ny taona 720, ny emperora bizantina Leo III Isaurian dia nandrara ny fanehoana an-tsary an' i Kristy sy ny olo-masina ary ny seho ara-Baiboly. Tany Latina Andrefana, ny papa [[Gregôrio III]] dia nanao sinôda roa tany [[Rôma]] ary nanameloka ny nataon’ i Leo. Ny Filankevitry ny ikônôklasta bizantina, natao tao Hieria tamin' ny taona 754, dia nanapa-kevitra fa ny sary masina dia [[fivadiham-pinoana]].[101] Ny hetsika ikônôklastika dia nandrava ny ankamaroan' ny tantaran' ny zavakanto voalohany tao amin' ny Fiangonana kristiana. Ny hetsika ikônôklastika taty aoriana dia noheverina ho [[Fampianaran-diso (fivavahana)|heretika]] tamin' ny taona 787 teo ambanin' ny [[Kônsily faharoa tao Nikea|Kônsily faharoan' i Nikea]] ([[kônsily ekiomenika]] fahafito) saingy nisy fitsanganana vetivety teo anelanelan' ny taona 815 sy 842.

== Andro Antenatenany Ambony (800–1299) ==

=== Renaissance Karôlinjiana ===
Ny Renaissance Karôlinjiana dia vanim-potoana fifohazana ara-tsaina sy ara-kolontsaina momba ny [[literatiora]] sy ny [[zavakanto]] ary ny fandalinana [[Soratra Masina]] nandritra ny faramparan' ny taonjato faha-8 sy faha-9 teo ambany fitondran' ny tarana-mpanjaka karôlinjiana, indrindra tamin' ny fotoana nanjakan' ny mpanjaka [[Franka (vahoaka)|franka]] [[Charlemagne]], mpanorina sy emperora voalohany tao amin' ny [[Empira Karôlinjiana]], sy ny zanany lahy, Louis Tia Vavaka. Mba hamahana ny olan’ ny tsy fahaizana mamaky teny sy manoratra teo amin' ny klerjy sy ny mpitan-tsoratra ao amin’ ny fitsarana, dia nanorina sekoly i Charlemagne ary nisarika ireo lehilahy nahay indrindra any [[Eorôpa]] manontolo ho any amin’ ny fitsarana azy.

=== Mitombo ny disadisa eo amin' ny Atsinanana sy ny Andrefana ===
Nanomboka niharihary ny fihenjanana teo amin’ ny firaisan-kina kristiana tamin’ ny taonjato faha-4. Olana fototra roa no mifandrohirohy: ny toetran' ny fahambonian’ ny evekan' i Rôma sy ny fiantraika ara-teôlôjia momba ny fampidirana andian-teny iray ao amin’ ny [[Fanekem-pinoana nikeana]], fantatra amin’ ny anarana latina hoe ''[[Filioque]]''. Ireo olana ara-pampianarana ireo dia noresahina ampahibemaso voalohany tao amin’ ny patriarkan’ i Fôtiôsy. Ny Fiangonana Tatsinanana dia nihevitra ny fahatakaran' i Rôma ny toetoetran' ny fahefan' ny eveka ho toy ny mifanohitra mivantana amin' ny rafitry ny Fiangonana izay tena fampihavanana, ary noho izany dia nihevitra ireo [[ekleziôlôjia]] roa ireo ho mifanohitra tanteraka [102] .

Ny olana iray hafa dia nanjary tena nahasosotra ny antokom-piangonana kristiana, ny fampidirana tsikelikely ny Fanekem-pinoana nikeana any Andrefana amin' ny andian-teny hoe ''Filioque'' - midika hoe &quot;sy ny Zanaka&quot; - araka ny hita ao amin' ny hoe &quot;Fanahy Masina ... avy amin' ny Ray sy ny Zanaka&quot; , izay lazain’ ny Fanekem-pinoana tany am-boalohany, izay neken’ ny kônsily ary mbola ampiasain’ ny Ôrtôdôksa Tatsinanana ankehitriny, fa &quot;ny Fanahy Masina, ... avy amin’ ny Ray&quot;. Nanamafy ny Fiangonana Tatsinanana fa natovana tsy ara-dalàna io andian-teny io, satria tsy mbola nisy nidinika ny Atsinanana[103]. Ho fanampin' io resaka eklesiôlôjia io, ny Fiangonana Tatsinanana koa dia nihevitra fa tsy azo ekena ny andian-teny ''Filioque'' noho ny antony [[Teôlôjia dôgmatika|dôgmatika]][104].

=== Fisaraham-bazana vokatry ny hevitr' i Fôtiôsy ===
Tamin’ ny taonjato faha-9, dia nisy ady hevitra nipoitra teo amin’ ny [[Kristianisma Tatsinanana|kristianisma tatsinanana]] (bizantina, Ôrtôdôksa Grika) sy tandrefana (latina, Katôlika Rômana), izay nipoitra noho ny fanoheran’ ny papa [[Joany VII]] ny fanendrena nataon’ ny emperora bizantina Michael III avy ao amin’ i Fôtiôsy I. ny toeran' ny patriarika tao [[Kônstantinôpla]]. Nolavin' ny papa i Fôtiôsy noho ny fifandirana teo amin' ny Atsinanana sy ny Andrefana teo aloha. Tsy nety nanaiky ny [[fahambonian’ ny papa]] tamin’ ny raharaha tatsinanana i Fôtiôsy na nanaiky ny andian-teny hoe &quot;''Filioque''&quot;. Ny delegasiôna latina tao amin' ny filan-kevitry ny fanokanana azy dia nanery azy hanaiky ilay andian-teny mba hahazoana antoka ny fanohanan' izy ireo. Ny resabe koa dia nikasika ny zon' ny Fiangonana Tatsinanana sy Tandrefana ao amin' ny fiangonana bolgara. Nanome fanelanelanana tokoa i Fôtiôsy momba ny zo ara-pitsarana momba an’ i [[Bolgaria]], ary ireo solontenan' ny papa dia nanao izany tamin’ ny fiverenany avy any Bolgaria ho any Rôma. Io fanekena io anefa dia nomena anarana fotsiny, satria ny fiverenan' i Bolgaria amin' ny fombam-pivavahana bizantina tamin' ny taona 870 dia efa nahatonga azy io ho [[fiangonana aotôkefaly]]. Raha tsy nisy ny faneken' i Boris I avy any Bolgaria, dia tsy afaka nampihatra ny fitakiany ny papa.

=== Fisaraham-bazan' ny Atsinanana sy ny Andrefana (1054) ===
Ny [[fisaraham-bazan' ny Atsinanana sy ny Andrefana]], fantatra ihany koa amin' ny anarana hoe &quot;[[Fisaraham-bazana Lehibe]]&quot;, dia nanasaraka ny Fiangonana ho sampana tandrefana (latina) sy tatsinanana (grika), izany hoe ny katôlika tandrefana sy ôrtôdôksa tatsinanana. Io no fivakisana lehibe voalohany hatramin’ ny nandavan’ ny antokon’ olona sasany tany Atsinanana ny didy navoakan’ ny [[Kônsilin' i Kalkedôna]] (jereo: Ôrtôdôksa Tatsinanana) ary niavaka kokoa. Na dia niseho tamin' ny taona 1054 aza ny Fisaraham-bazana Atsinanana sy Andrefana, dia vokatry ny fisarahana lava teo amin' ny kristianisma latina sy kristianisma grika noho ny maha ambony ny papa sy ny foto-pampianarana sasany momba ny ''Filioque'', saingy nihamafy noho ny kolontsaina ara-jeôgrafia sy ara-jeôpôlitika ary ara-piteny.

=== Fanavaozana mônastika ===
Nanomboka tamin’ ny taonjato faha-6, ny ankamaroan’ ny [[mônastera]] tany amin’ ny Katôlika Andrefana dia fehezin' ny Didin' i Benedikto. Noho ny fanarahana hentitra kokoa ny fitondrana benediktina nohavaozina, ny Abeîn'  i Cluny dia nanjary ivon-toeran' ny [[mônastisisma]] tandrefana ekena nanomboka tamin' ny taonjato faha-10. I Cluny dia namorona lamina lehibe sy federasiôna izay nahatonga ny mpitantana ny trano fanampiny ho lefitry ny Abôta Cluny ary namaly azy. Ny toe-tsaina kloniaka dia fitaomana namelona indray ny Fiangonana nôrmana, tamin' ny faratampony nanomboka tamin' ny tapany faharoa amin' ny taonjato faha-10 ka hatramin' ny fiandohan' ny taonjato faha-12.

Tonga niaraka tamin' ny [[hetsika sistersiana]] ny onjam-panavaozana mônastika manaraka. Ny abey sistersiana voalohany dia naorina tamin' ny taona 1098, tao amin' ny Cîteaux Abbey. Ny foto-kevitry ny fiainana sistersiana dia fiverenana amin' ny fitandremana ara-bakiteny ny fitondrana benediktina, fandavana ny fivoarana benediktina. Ny tena nanaitra indrindra tamin' ny fanavaozana dia ny fiverenana amin' ny asa tanana, ary indrindra amin' ny asa an-tsaha. Nahazo aingam-panahy avy amin' i Bernard avy ao Clairvaux, mpanorina voalohany ny Sistersiana, izy ireo no lasa hery lehibe indrindra amin' ny fandrosoana ara-teknôlôjia sy amin' ny fampielezana ny filazantsara tany [[Eorôpa]] tamin' ny [[Andro Antenatenany]]. Tamin’ ny faran’ ny taonjato faha-12 dia niisa 500 ny trano sistersiana, ary tamin’ ny faramparan' ny taonjato faha-15, dia voalaza fa nanana trano efa ho 750 ilay fikambanana. Ny ankamaroan' ireo trano ireo dia naorina tany an' efitra, ary nandray anjara lehibe tamin' ny fitondrana ny faritra mitoka-monina any Eorôpa ho amin' ny fambolena ara-toekarena.

Ny ambaratonga fahatelo amin' ny fanavaozana mônastika dia nomen' ny fananganana ny Filaharan' ny Mpangataka. Ny Mpangataka dia niaina eo ambany fitondrana mônastika miaraka amin' ny voady mahazatra momba ny fahantrana sy ny fahadiovam-pitondran-tena ary ny fankatoavana saingy manantitrantitra ny fitoriana ny filazantsara sy ny asa misiônera ary ny fanabeazana, ao amin' ny mônastera mitokana. Nanomboka tamin’ ny taonjato faha-12, dia naorin’ ny mpanara-dia an’ i Fransisko avy any Assise ny Ôrdônansin’ ny Fransiskana, ary taorian’ izay dia i Md Dôminika no nanombohan’ ny Filaharana Dôminikana.

=== Fisondrotan' ny oniversite ===
Ny [[oniversite]] tandrefana môderna dia nipoitra mivantana avy amin' ny Fiangonana tamin' ny [[Andro Antenatenany]].[105][106][107][108][109] Sekolin' ny katedraly no nanombohan' izy ireo, ary noheverina ho mpitondra fivavahana ny mpianatra rehetra.[110] Tombontsoa izany satria nametraka ny mpianatra ho eo ambany fahefan' ny Fiangonana izy ka nanome fiarovana sasany. Nisaraka tamin' ny katedraly ny sekoly katedraly tamin' ny farany ary nanangana ny andrim-pianarany manokana, ny voalohany indrindra dia ny Oniversiten' i Bologne (taona 1088) sy ny Oniversiten' i  Oxford (taona 1096) ary ny Oniversiten' i  Paris (manodidina ny taona 1150).[111] 112][113]

=== Tsy fifanarahana momba ny fanendrena eveka ===
Ny ady hevitra momba ny fanendrena eveka eo amin' ny fahefana no ady lehibe indrindra teo amin' ny fahefana laîka sy ny fahefana ara-pivavahana izay nitranga tany [[Eorôpa]] tamin' ny [[Andro Antenatenany]]. Nanomboka tamin’ ny ady tamin’ ny taonjato faha-11 teo amin’ ny emperora masina rômana [[Henri IV]] sy ny papa [[Gregôrio VII]] momba izay hanendry eveka (fametrahana hitondra). Ny fiafaran' ny fametrahana amin' ny fitondrana ny laîka dia nandrahona hampihena ny herin' ny [[Empira Rômana Masina]] sy ny fanirian' ny andriana eorôpeana. Ny episkôpata dia fanendrena mandritra ny androm-piainany fotsiny, ny mpanjaka dia afaka mifehy bebe kokoa ny fahefany sy ny fidiram-bolany noho ny an' ny olo-manan-kaja. Azony atao koa aza ny mamela ny toerana ho banga ary manangona ny vola miditra, araka ny teôrian' ny fitokisana ny eveka vaovao, na manome episkôpata mba hanome karama olona ambony iray. Ny [[Eglizy katôlika rômanina|Eglizy Katôlika Rômana]] dia naniry ny hampitsahatra ny fandraisan' anjaran' ny laîka mba hampitsaharana izany toe-javatra izany sy ny fanararaotana hafa, mba hanavaozana ny episkôpata sy hanomezana fikarakarana pastôraly tsara kokoa. Namoaka ny ''Dictatus Papae'' ny papa Gregôrio VII, izay nanambara fa ny papa irery no afaka manendry eveka. Ny fandavan' i Henri IV an' ilay didim-panjakana dia nitarika ho amin' ny fandroahana azy sy ny fikomian' ny [[dioka]]. Tamin' ny farany dia nahazo famotsoran-keloka i Henri IV taorian' ny fivalozana ampahibemaso mahatsiravina nataony, na dia nitohy aza ny Fikomian' i Saksôna Lehibe sy ny fifandonana momba ny fanendrena eveka.

Nisy ady hevitra mitovy amin’ izany nitranga tany [[Angletera]] teo amin’ ny mpanjaka [[Henri I]] sy Md Anselm, arsevekan’ i Canterbery, momba ny fahabangan-toerana sy ny fahabangan-toerana ho eveka. Ny fifandirana anglisy dia voavaha tamin' ny Kônkôrdatan' i Lôndra (taona 1107), izay nandaozan' ny mpanjaka ny fitakiany hanendry eveka fa nanohy nitaky fianianana. Môdely ampahany ho an' ny Kônkôrdatan' i Worms (''Pactum Calixtinum'') io, izay namaha ny resabe momba ny fampiasam-bola imperialy tamin' ny marimaritra iraisana izay nahafahan' ny manam-pahefana nifehy ny fahefany, saingy nanome ny fifantenana ny eveka ho an' ny kanôna katedraly. Ho mariky ny marimaritra iraisana, dia samy nampiasa ny eveka niaraka tamin' ny mpiasa sy ny peratra ny eveka na ny manam-pahefana ara-pivavahana sy ny laîka.

=== Kroazada ===
Amin' ny ankapobeny, ny [[kroazada]] (1095–1291) dia ny adin' ny Kristiana eorôpeana tao amin' ny [[Tany Masina]], notohanan' ny [[papa]], tamin' ny [[Miozolmana]] mba hamerenana ny faritr' i [[Palestina (faritra)|Palestina]] amin' ny Kristiana indray.[114][115][116] Nisy diaben' ny mpiantafika hafa niady tamin' ny tafika miozolmana tany amin' ny manodidina an' i [[Mediteranea]], indrindra tany amin' ny faritra atsimo amin' i [[Espaina]], sy atsimo amin' i [[Italia]], ary any amin' ny nosy Sipra sy Malta ary Sisilia.[115] Ny papa koa dia nanohana kroazada maro hanoherana ny vahoaka [[Paganisma|pagàna]] any [[Eorôpa Avaratra Atsinanana|Eorôpa Avaratra-Atsinana]] mba handresena sy hampiova finoana azy ireo ho kristiana, [114] hanoherana ny fahavalony ara-pôlitika any [[Eorôpa Andrefana]], ary hanoherana ny [[Fampianaran-diso (fivavahana)|fivavahan-diso]] (herezia) na ny fivavahana vitsy mpanaraka ao amin' ny kristianisma eorôpeana.[117]

Ny Tany Masina dia tao anatin' ny [[Empira Rômana]], ary noho izany dia tao amin' ny [[Empira Bizantina]], mandra-pahatongan' ny fananiham-bohitra nataon' ny [[Arabo (vahoaka)|Arabo]] miozolmana tamin' ny taonjato faha-7 sy faha-8. Taorian' izay, amin' ny ankapobeny dia navela hitsidika ny toerana masina maro tao amin' ny Tany Masina ny Kristiana hatramin' ny taona 1071, rehefa nanakatona ny [[fivahiniana masina]] kristiana ny [[Seljokida|Tiorka Seljokida]] sady nanafika an' i [[Bizantioma]] (na Bizansa), nandresy azy ireo tamin' ny ady tao Manzikert. Ny emperora Aleksiôsy I dia nangataka fanampiana tamin' ny papa [[Orbano II]] hanoherana ny herisetra nataon' ny Miozolmana. Azo inoana fa nanantena vola tamin’ ny papa izy mba homena mpikarama an’ ady. Raha ny tokony ho izy dia niantso an’ ireo miaramilan’ ny fiangonana kristiana i Orbano II tamin’ ny lahateny nataony tao amin’ ny Kônsilin' i Clermont tamin’ ny 27 Nôvambra 1095, ka nampifangaro ny hevitra momba ny fivahiniana masina any amin' ny Tany Masina sy ny ady masina amin' ny tsy mpino.[118]

Ny [[Kroazada voalohany]] dia nahazo an' i [[Antiôkia]] (na Antiôka) tamin' ny taona 1099 ary avy eo nahazo an' i [[Jerosalema]]. Ny [[Kroazada faharoa]] dia nitranga tamin' ny taona 1145 rehefa nalain' ny tafika silamo i Edessa. I Jerosalema dia natao hatramin' ny 1187, ary ny [[Kroazada fahatelo]], taorian' ny ady teo amin' i Richard Fon-Diona sy i Saladîna. Ny [[Kroazada fahefatra]], natombok' i [[Inôkentio III]] tamin’ ny taona 1202, dia nikasa haka indray ny Tany Masina, saingy tsy ela dia noravan’ ny Venesiana. Rehefa tonga tao [[Kônstantinôpla]] ny mpiady dia norobainy ny tanàna sy ny faritra hafa tany [[Azia Minora]] ary natsangany ny [[Empira Latinan’ i Kônstantinôpla]] tany [[Grisia]] sy tany Azia Minora. Kroazada dimy no tany amin' ny Tany Masina, izay niafara tamin' ny fanaovana fahirano an' i Acre tamin' ny taona 1219, ary namarana ny fisian' ny Tandrefana tao amin' ny Tany Masina.[119]

Notanan' ny mpiantafika nandritra ny zato taona teo ho eo i Jerosalema, fa ny tanàna mimanda hafa tany amin' ny faritr' i [[Atsinanana Akaiky]] kosa dia nijanona ela kokoa teo amin' ny maha fananan' ny Kristiana azy. Tsy nahavita nanangana fanjakana kristiana maharitra ireo kroazada tao amin’ ny Tany Masina ireo. Nijanona ho loza mitatao nandritra ny taonjato maro ny fanitaran-tany nataon' ny Miozolmana tany [[Eorôpa]], ary niafara amin' ny fanafihana maharitra nataon' i Suleiman Mamirapiratra tamin' ny taonjato faha-16. Ny kroazada tany [[Iberia]] (atao hoe ''[[Reconquista]]''), atsimon' i Italia, sy tany Sisilia dia nitarika ho amin' ny faharavàn' ny fahefana silamo tany Eorôpa. Ny [[Kroazada Albizoà]] dia nikendry ireo [[Katarisma|Katara]] [[fivadiham-pinoana]] any atsimo amin' i [[Frantsa]]; miaraka amin' ny [[Inkizisiôna]] naorina taorian' izany, dia nahomby tamin' ny fandringanana ny Katara. Ny Kroazada Wendish dia nahomby tamin' ny fandresen-dahatra sy ny famadihana an-keriny ny [[Slava (vahoaka)|Slava]] [[Paganisma|pagàna]] tany atsinanan' i [[Alemaina]] ankehitriny. Ny [[Kroazada Livôniana]], izay notanterahin' ny Teotônika Knights sy ny fikambanan' ny [[moanina]] mpiady hafa, dia nandresy sy nanova an-keriny ny [[Balta (vahoaka)|Balta]] pagàna tao [[Livônia]] sy [[Prosia]]. Na izany aza, ny Diokea Lehibe any Litoania pagàna dia nahomby tamin' ny fanoherana ny Knights ary niova finoana an-tsitrapo tamin' ny taonjato faha-14.[120]

=== Inkizisiôna tamin' ny Andro Antenatenany ===
Ny [[Inkizisiôna]] tamin' ny [[Andro Antenatenany]] dia andiana inkizisiôna (notanterahin' ny fikambanana ao amin' ny [[Eglizy katôlika rômanina|Eglizy Katôlika Rômana]] nanafoana ny hetsika kristiana noheverin' izy ireo ho [[Fampianaran-diso (fivavahana)|heretika]]) nanomboka tamin' ny taona 1184, anisan' izany ny Inkizisiôna Episkôpaly (1184–1230) ary taty aoriana ny Inkizisiôna Papaly (1230s–1240s). Izy io dia natao ho setrin' ny hetsika kristiana tao Eorôpa heverina ho [[Fivadiham-pinoana|mpivadi-pinoana]] na mivadi-pinoana amin' ny Katôlika tandrefana, indrindra ny [[Bôgômila]], [121] ny [[Katarisma|Katara]] (na Albizoà), [122] ny [[Valdisma|Valdeana]], [123] ny Begina sy Begara, [124] ny Lolara, [125] ny [[Hositisma|Hosita]], [126] ary Jiosy eorôpeana, [127] izay niely tany amin' ny Fanjakana Bolgara, [121] tao atsimo amin' i Frantsa, [122] any Italia Avaratra, [123] any Flandra sy Rhin, [124] any Angletera, [124] 125] any amin' ny tanin' ny Fanjakana Bôhemiana [126] sy ny tany maro nitambatra teo ambanin' ny Fanjakan' i Aragôna.[127] Io no hetsiky ny inkizisiôna voalohany amin' ny maro izay nanaraka tao amin' ny kristianisma eorôpeana.

=== Fielezan' ny kristianisma ===
Ny [[fitoriana ny Filazantsara]] tany [[Skandinavia]] tany am-boalohany dia notanterahan' ny [[Anglô-Saksona (vahoaka)|Anglô-Saksona]] izay efa kristiana nandritra ny asa fitoriana nataony tany amin' ny Saikinosy Skandinaviana; I Ansgar, arsevekan' i  Bremen, nomena anaram-bosotra hoe &quot;Apôstôlin' ny Avaratra&quot; no nisongadina indrindra tamin' ireo misiônera anglô-saksôna.[128] I Ansgar, teraka tany [[Amiens]], dia nirahina niaraka tamin’ ny andiana [[moanina]] nankany Jutland, any [[Danemarka]], tamin’ ny taona 820 tany ho any, tamin’ ny andron’i Harald Klak, mpanjaka mpomba ny Kristianina.[128] Nahomby ihany ilay iraka, ary niverina tany [[Alemaina]] i Ansgar roa taona tatỳ aoriana, rehefa noroahina hiala tao amin' ny fanjakany i Harald. Tamin’ ny taona 829, i Ansgar dia nankany Birka teo amin’ ny Farihin’ i Mälaren, any [[Soeda]], niaraka tamin’ i Witmar mpanampy azy, ary nisy fiangonana kely niforona tamin’ ny taona 831, izay nahitana an’ i Hergeir, mpitandrina ny mpanjaka. Niadam-pandroso anefa ny fiovam-pinoana, ary ny ankamaroan’ ny faritra skandinaviana dia lasa kristiana tanteraka tamin’ ny andron’ ny mpanapaka toa an’ i Saint Canute IV any Danemarka sy Olaf I any [[Nôrvezy]] tamin’ ny taona nanaraka ny taona 1000.

Ny fampielezana ny kristianisma tany amin' ny [[Slava (vahoaka)|Slava]] dia natomboky ny iray tamin' ireo mpiangona nahay indrindra tao Bizansa — ny patriarika Photios I avy any Kônstantinôpla. Nifidy an’ i Cyrille sy Methodius ny emperora bizantina Michael III ho valin’ ny fangatahan’ i Rastislav mpanjakan’ i [[Môravia]], izay naniry misiônera afaka miasa any amin' ny [[Môraviana (vahoaka)|Môraviana]] tamin’ ny fiteniny. Nampiasa ny [[fiteny slavônika]] teo an-toerana izy mirahalahy, ary nandika ny [[Baiboly]] sy ny boky fivavahana maro.[129] Koa satria ny fandikan-teny nomanin’ izy ireo dia nadikan’ ny mpiteny amin’ ny fitenim-paritra hafa, dia niforona ny [[fiteny slavônika tranain' ny fangonana i]]&lt;nowiki/&gt;zay fiteny safiotra nampiasaina amin' ny [[literatiora]], izay nivelatra ho [[fiteny slavônikan' ny fiangonana]] tatỳ aoriana, ary io no fiteny litorzika mahazatra mbola ampiasain’ ny Fiangonana Ôrtôdôksa Rosiana sy ny Kristianina ôrtôdôksa slava hafa. Nanohy ny fampiovam-pinoana ny [[Serba (vahoaka)|Serba]] i Methodius.[130]

I [[Bolgaria]] dia firenena [[Paganisma|pagana]] hatramin' ny niorenany tamin' ny 681 ka hatramin' ny 864, rehefa niova ho kristianina i Boris I. Sarotra ny anton' izany fanapahan-kevitra izany; ny antony lehibe indrindra dia ny hoe teo anelanelan' ny empira kristianina roa matanjaka i Bolgaria, dia i [[Bizansa]] sy i [[Frankia Atsinanana]]; ny foto-pampianarana kristiana dia nankasitraka indrindra ny toeran' ny mpanjaka amin' ny maha-solontenan' Andriamanitra azy eto an-tany, ary i Boris koa dia nahita izany ho fomba iray handresena ny tsy fitovian' ny [[Bolgara (vahoaka)|Bolgara]] sy ny Slava.[131][132] Neken’ i Kônstantinôpla tamin’ ny fomba ôfisialy ho patriarikata i Bolgaria tamin’ ny taona 927, i [[Serbia]] tamin’ ny taona 1346, ary i [[Rosia]] tamin’ ny taona 1589. Efa niova ho kristiana ela be talohan’ ireo daty ireo firenena rehetra ireo.</text>
      <sha1>67ton4afnedw0rzdm2kjgclhobobnol</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1047038</id>
      <parentid>1047036</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-19T14:29:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Thelezifor</username>
        <id>15140</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="64953" xml:space="preserve">Ny '''tantaran' ny kristianisma''' dia tantara mahakasika ny [[Kristianisma|fivavahana kristiana]], ny [[firenena kristiana]], ary ny [[Kristianina|Kristiana]] miaraka amin' ny antokom-pinoana kristiana samihafa, nanomboka tamin' ny [[Kristiana tamin' ny taonjato voalohany|taonjato voalohany]] ka hatramin' izao.

Ny kristianisma dia niainga tamin' ny asa fanompoana nataon' i [[Jesoa]] (na [[Jesosy]]),  izay Jiosy mpampianatra sy mpanasitrana, nanambara ny maha efa akaiky ny [[fanjakan' Andriamanitra]] ary [[Fanomboana an' i Jesoa|nohomboana]] tamin' ny [[hazo fijaliana]] tamin' ny taona 30–33 taor. J.K. tao [[Jerosalema (Andro Taloha)|Jerosalema]] tao [[Jodea]] izay faritany rômana. Mino ny mpanara-dia azy fa, araka ny [[Filazantsara]] na [[Evanjely]] dia [[Zanak'Andriamanitra (kristianisma)|Zanak' Andriamanitra]] izy ary maty ho famelan-keloka ary [[Fitsanganan' i Jesoa ho velona|natsangana tamin' ny maty]] sy nasandratr' Andriamanitra, ary hiverina tsy ho ela amin' ny fiandohan' ny fanjakan' Andriamanitra.

Ny mpanara-dia an' i Jesoa voalohany indrindra dia ireo [[Jodeô-kristianisma|Kristiana jiosy]] [[Apôkaliptisisma|apôkaliptika]]. Ny fampidirana ny [[Jentily]] na [[Jentilisa]] ao amin' ny Fiangonana kristiana voalohany izay an-dalam-pandrosoana dia niteraka fisarahana teo amin' ny [[jodaisma]] sy ny kristianisma jiosy nandritra ireo taonjato roa voalohany tamin' ny [[vanim-potoana kristiana]]. Tamin' ny taona 313, ny emperora [[Kônstantino I]] dia namoaka ny [[Didy tao Milano]] izay naha ara-dalàna ny fivavahana kristiana. Tamin' ny taona 380, niaraka tamin’ny [[Didy tao Tesalônika]] navoaka teo ambany fitarihan' i [[Teôdôsiosy I|Teôdôsiôsy I]], ny [[Empira Rômana]] dia nandray tamin' ny fomba ôfisialy ny [[Trinite|kristianisma trinitariana]] ho [[fivavaham-panjakana]], ary ny kristianisma dia nametraka ny tenany ho fivavahana rômanina nanjaka tao amin' ny Fiangonan' ny Empira Rômana. Ny adihevitra [[Kristôlôjia|kristôlôjika]] momba ny maha-olombelona sy ny maha-Andriamanitra an' i Jesoa dia nandreraka ny ny Fiangonana kristiana nandritra ny taonjato roa, ary ny [[kônsily ekiomenika]] fito dia natao mba hamahàna ireo adihevitra ireo. Nomelohina ny [[Arianisma (teôlôjia)|arianisma]] nandritra amin' ny [[Kônsily voalohany tao Nikea]] (taona 325), izay nanohana ny fampianarana momba ny Trinite izay nohazavaina tao amin' ny [[Fanekem-pinoana nikeana]].

Tany am-piandohan' ny [[Andro Antenatenany]], ny [[Fitoriana ny Filazantsara|asa fitoriana]] nataon' ny misiônera dia nampiely ny kristianisma tany Andrefana teo amin' ireo [[Jermanika|vahoaka jermanika]]. Nandritra ny [[Andro Antenatenany Ambony]] (manodidina ny taona 1000 hatramin' ny 1250) dia nisaraka ny [[Kristianisma Tatsinanana|kristianisma tatsinanana]] sy [[Kristianisma Tandrefana|kristianisma tandrefana]], ka nitarika ho amin' ny Fisarahan' ny [[Fiangonana Tatsinanana sy Tandrefana]] tamin' ny taona 1054. Nitombo ny fanakianana ny rafi-piangonana katôlika rômana sy ny fitondran-tena tao aminy ka nitarika ny hetsika prôtestanta tamin' ny taonjato faha-16 sy ny fivakisan' ny kristianisma tandrefana. Nanomboka tamin' ny vanim-potoan' ny Renaissance, miaraka amin' ny [[fanjanahan-tany]] izay nentanin' ny Fiangonana, dia niely eran' izao tontolo izao ny kristianisma. Amin' izao fotoana izao dia misy Kristiana maherin' ny 2&amp;nbsp;000 tapitrisa eran-tany, ary ny kristianisma no lasa fivavahana lehibe indrindra eran-tany. Tao anatin' ny taonjato farany, rehefa nihena ny fitaoman' ny kristianisma tany Andrefana, dia nitombo haingana izany tany Atsinanana sy tany amin' ny faritra Atsimo amin' ny Tany; any [[Repoblika Entim-Bahoakan' i Sina|Sina]], any [[Kôrea Atsimo]] ary any amin' ny ankamaroan' ny firenena aty [[Afrika atsimon' i Sahara]].

== Fiandohana ==

=== Fiaviana jiosy-helenista ===
Ny zava-nisy ara-pivavahana sy ara-tsôsialy ary ara-pôlitika tany [[Jodea]] nofehezin' ny Rômana tamin' ny taonjato voalohany sy tany amin' ireo faritany mifanolo-bodirindrina aminy dia tena samy hafa ary tsy mitsaha-mitombo ny korontana ara-tsôsialy sy ara-pôlitika, [1][22][23] miaraka amin' ny hetsika jodaika maro izay samy mahakasika ny fivavahana sy ny pôlitika. [24] I [[Flavio Jôsefa]] mpahay tantara rômana sy jiosy fahiny, dia nanoritsoritra ny amin' ny sekta efatra nisongadina indrindra tao anatin’ ny jodaisma nandritra ny vanimpotoan’ ny Tempoly Faharoa: ny [[Fariseo]] (na Fariziina), ny [[Sadoseo]] (na Sadoseana) ny [[Eseniana]], ary ny “[[Filôzôfia Fahefatra (jodaisma)|Filôzôfia Fahefatra]]” tsy fantatra anarana,[25] izay eken’ ny mpahay tantara môderna ho tsy iza fa ny [[Zelôta]] sy ny [[Sikary]] [26]. Tamin' ny taonjato voalohany tal. J.K. sy tamin' ny taonjato voalohany taor. J.K. dia nanana mpitondra fivavahana karismatika maro nandray anjara tamin' izay ho lasa mishnah ny jodaisma rabinika, anisan' izany ny olon-kendry jiosy Yohanan ben Zakkai sy Hanina ben Dosa. Ny mesianisma jiosy, sy ny foto-kevitry ny Mesia jiosy, dia avy amin' ny [[literatiora apôkaliptika]] novokarina teo anelanelan' ny taonjato faha-2 tal. J.K. sy tamin' ny taonjato voalohany tal. J.K., [27] mampanantena mpitarika &quot;voahosotra&quot; ho avy ([[mesia]] na mpanjaka) avy amin' i [[Davida (mpanjaka)|Davida]] mba hanangana ny [[Fanjakan' Andriamanitra|Fanjakan’ Andriamanitra]] israelita, ho solon’ ireo mpitondra hafa firenena tamin’ izany fotoana izany.[1]

=== Asa fanompoan' i Jesoa ===
Ny loharanom-baovao lehibe indrindra momba ny fiainan’ i [[Jesoa]] sy ny fampianarany dia ny [[Filazantsara]] (na Evanjely) kanônika efatra, ary amin’ ny ampahany kely dia ny [[Asan' ny Apôstôly|Asan’ ny Apôstôly]] sy ny [[Epistilin' i Paoly|epistilin’ i Paoly]]. Araka ny voalazan’ ny Filazantsara dia [[Zanak' Andriamanitra]] i Jesoa izay [[Fanomboana an' i Jesoa|nohomboana tamin' ny hazo fijaliana]] manodidina ny taona 30–33 taor. J.K. tany [[Jerosalema]].[1] Nino ny mpanara-dia azy fa [[Fitsanganan' i Jesoa ho velona|natsangana tamin’ ny maty]] izy ary nasandratr’ Andriamanitra, nitory ny Fanjakan’ Andriamanitra ho avy.[1]

== Kristianisma voalohany ==
Ny kristianisma voalohany (manodidina ny taona 31/33–324) amin' ny ankapobeny dia raisin’ ny mpahay tantaran’ ny fiangonana manomboka amin’ ny fanompoan’ i Jesoa (manodidina ny taona 27–30) ary nifarana tamin’ ny [[Kônsily voalohany tao Nikea]] (taona 325). Matetika izy io dia mizara ho vanim-potoana roa: ny vanim-potoana apôstôlika (taona 30–100 any ho any, fony mbola velona ny [[Apôstôly roa ambin' ny folo|Apôstôly]] voalohany) sy ny vanim-potoana ante-nikeana (taona 100–325 tany ho any).[28]

=== Andro Apôstôlika ===
Ny vanim-potoana apôstôlika dia nomena ny anaran' ny [[Apôstôly roa ambin' ny folo|Apôstôly]] sy ny asa fitoriana nataon' izy ireo. Izy io dia manana dikany manokana amin' ny lova kristiana amin' ny maha-andron' ny Apôstôlin' i Jesoa mivantana azy ireo. Loharanom-baovao voalohany ho an' ny vanim-potoanan' ny Apôstôly ny [[Asan' ny Apôstôly]], saingy niadian-kevitra ny fahamarinany ara-tantara ary ny fari-potoana voarakony dia ampahany, izay mifantoka indrindra amin' ny Asan' ny Apôstôly toko faha-15[29] hatrany amin' ny asa fanompoan' i [[Paoly (apôstôly)|Paoly]], ary nifarana tamin' ny 62 taor. J.K. tamin' ny fitorian' i Paoly tany [[Rôma Taloha|Rôma]] izay nigadrany tao an-tranomaizina.

Ny mpanara-dia an' i Jesoa voalohany indrindra dia sekta nisy ny [[Kristiana jiosy apôkaliptika]] tao anatin' ny [[jodaisman' ny Tempoly Faharoa]].[1][30][31][32][33] Ireo antokon’ olona kristiana tany am-boalohany ireo dia tena [[Jiosy]], toy ny [[Ebiônita]], [30] sy ny fiangonana kristiana voalohany tany [[Jerosalema]], izay notarihan’ i [[Jakoba ilay Marina|Jakoba Ilay Marina]], rahalahin’ i Jesoa.[34] Araka ny Asan’ ny Apôstôly toko fa-9, [35] dia nilaza ny tenany ho “mpianatry ny Tompo” sy [mpanara-dia] “ny Lalana” izy ireo, ary araka ny Asan’ ny Apôstôly toko faha-11, [36] dia ny vondron’ ny mpianatra nanorim-ponenana tany [[Antiôkia]] no nantsoina voalohany amin' ny anarana hoe “''Kristiana”''. Ny sasany tamin' ireo vondrom-piarahamonina kristiana voalohany ireo dia nahasarika an' ireo olona antsoina hoe &quot;[[Matahotra an' Andriamanitra|natahotra an' Andriamanitra]]&quot;, izany hoe ireo Grekô-Rômana niray fo tamin' ny jodaisma nefa tsy nety niova finoana ho amin' izany fivavahana izany fa nitazona ny maha [[Jentilisa]] na Jentily (tsy Jiosy, tsy Jody) azy, izay efa nitsidika [[sinagôga]] jiosy.[37][38] Niteraka olana ny fampidirana ny Jentilisa, satria tsy afaka nitandrina tsara ny [[Halakà]] izy ireo. I Saoly avy any Tarsosy, izay fantatra amin’ ny anarana hoe Paoly Apôstôly, dia nanenjika ny Kristiana jiosy tany am-boalohany, nefa niova fo taty aoriana sy nanomboka nanao ny asa nanirahana azy tany amin’ ny Jentilisa[37]. Ny tena zava-dehibe amin’ ny [[Epistilin'i Paoly|taratasin' i Paoly]] dia ny fampidirana ny Jentilisa ao amin’ ny [[Fanekem-pihavanana vaovao]]&lt;nowiki/&gt;n’ Andriamanitra, izay mandefa hafatra fa ny finoana an’ i Kristy dia ampy hahazoana ny [[famonjena]][37][39][40]. Noho io fampidirana ny Jentilisa io dia niova ny toetran' ny kristianisma voalohany ary nitombo tsikelikely ivelan' ny [[jodaisma]] nandritra ny taonjato roa voalohany amin' ny vanim-potoana kristiana.[37] Nanao tonon-tsiahy lovantsofina i Eosebio sy Epifanio avy any Salamisy, izay [[Rain' ny Fiangonana]], tamin’ ny taonjato fahefatra, fa talohan’ ny nandravana an’ i [[Jerosalema]] tamin’ ny taona 70, dia nampitandremina tamin’ ny fomba mahagaga ny Kristiana tao Jerosalema mba handositra ho any Pela, any amin’ ny faritr’ i [[Dekapôlisy]], any ampitan’ ny ony [[Jordana (ony)|Jôrdana]].[41]

Ny [[Filazantsara]] sy ny [[Epistily]] ao amin' ny [[Testamenta Vaovao]] dia mirakitra ireo fiekem-pinoana sy fihirana tany am-boalohany, ary koa ny fitantarana momba ny [[fijalian' i Jesoa]], ny [[fasana foana]] ary ny fisehoan' i Jesoa taorin' ny [[Fitsanganan' i Jesoa ho velona|fitsanganany amin' ny maty]][43]. Ny kristianisma tany am-boalohany dia niely hatrany tamin' ny mpino tao amin' ireo vahoaka [[Fiteny arameana|miteny arameana]] teny amin' ny tany manamorona ny [[Ranomasina Mediteranea]] ary koa tany amin' ny faritra afovoan' ny [[Empira Rômana]] sy tany amin' ny faritra hafa, tany amin' ny [[Empira Partiana]] sy ny [[Empira Sasaniana]] tatỳ aoriana, anisan' izany i [[Mesôpôtamia]], izay nanjakan' ireo empira ireo tamin' ny vanim-potoana samihafa.[44]

=== Vanim-potoana ante-nikeana ===
Ny vanim-potoana talohan' ny [[Kônsily voalohany tao Nikea|Kônsily tao Nikea]] (na Nisea) dia vanim-potoana taorian' ny vanim-potoana apôstôlika ka hatramin' ity [[kônsily]] ity tamin' ny taona 325. Tamin' ny fiandohan' ny vanim-potoana nikeana niely nanerana an' i [[Eorôpa Andrefana]] sy ny Lemaka Mediteraneana ary any [[Afrika Avaratra]] sy [[Afrika Atsinanana|Atsinanana]] ny finoana. Nisy rafitry ny Fiangonana ara-dalàna kokoa nipoitra avy tamin’ ireo vondrom-piarahamonina tany am-boalohany, ary nivelatra ny [[foto-pampianarana]] kristiana samihafa. Nihataka tamin’ ny [[jodaisma]] ny [[kristianisma]], ka namorona ny maha-izy azy manokana tamin’ ny alalan’ ny fandavana mafy ny jodaisma sy ny fanao jiosy.

==== Fampandrosoana ny rafi-piangonana ====
Nitombo teo amin' ny 40% teo ho eo isan-taona ny isan' ny Kristiana nandritra ny taonjato voalohany sy faharoa.[45] Tao amin' ny fiangonana taorian' ny Apôstôly dia nisy ambaratongam-pitondram-pivavahana nipoitra tsikelikely satria ny mpiandraikitra ny vahoaka kristiana an-tanàn-dehibe dia naka endrika &quot;''episkopoi''&quot; (mpiandraikitra; niandohan' ny teny hoe &quot;eveka&quot; sy &quot;episkôpaly&quot;) sy &quot;''presbyter''&quot; (loholona; niandohan' ny teny hoe &quot;pretra&quot;) ary avy eo &quot;diakon&quot; (mpanompo; niavian' ny hoe &quot;diakôna&quot; na &quot;diakra&quot;). Saingy nipoitra tsikelikely izany ary tamin' ny fotoana samihafa tany amin' ny toerana samihafa. I [[Klemento avy any Rôma|Klemento]], evekan’ i Rôma tamin’ ny taonjato voalohany, dia nanondro ny mpitarika ny fiangonana kôrintiana tao amin’ ny epistiliny ho an’ ny Kôrintiana ho &quot;eveka&quot; sy &quot;presbitera&quot; mifandimby. Ny mpanoratra ao amin' ny [[Testamenta Vaovao]] koa dia mampiasa ny teny hoe mpiandraikitra sy loholona amin' ny fifandimbiasana sy amin' ny teny mitovy hevitra.[46]

==== Kristianisma isan-karazany ====
Ny vanim-potoana ante-nikeana dia nahita ny firongatry ny sekta sy fivavahana ary hetsika kristiana marobe izay nanana toetra mampiray sy matanjaka izay tsy ampy tamin' ny vanim-potoanan' ny [[Apôstôly roa ambin' ny folo|Apôstôly]]. Samy nanana ny fomba fahazoany ny [[Baiboly]] izy ireo, indrindra fa ny momba ny foto-pampianarana teôlôjika toy ny [[Andriamanitra Zanaka|maha Andriamanitra an’ i Jesoa]] sy ny toetran’ ny [[Trinite]]. Maro amin' ny fiovaovana nisy nandritra izany fotoana izany no manohitra ny fanasokajiana tsara, satria ny endrika samihafan' ny kristianisma dia nifanerasera tamin' ny fomba sarotra mba hamoronana ny toetran' ny kristianisma mavitrika izay nisy nandritra izany vanim-potoana izany. Ny vanim-potoana taorian' ny Andro Aapôstôlika dia samy hafa na teo amin' ny finoana sy ny fanao. Ho fanampin' ny sampana midadasika amin' ny kristianisma, dia nisy fiovana tsy tapaka sy fahasamihafàna izay niteraka fifandirana teo amin' ny samy ao anatiny sy ny fananganana [[sinkretisma]].[47][48][49][50]

==== Fampandrosoana ny kanônan' ny Baiboly ====
Ny [[epistilin' i Paoly]] dia nivezivezy tamin' ny endrika voangona tamin' ny faran' ny taonjato voalohany.[51] Tany am-piandohan' ny taonjato faha-3 dia nisy andiana asa soratra kristiana mitovy amin' ny [[Testamenta Vaovao]] ankehitriny, na dia mbola nisy aza ny fifandirana momba ny maha-kanônika ny [[Epistily ho an' ny Hebreo]], ny [[Epistilin' i Jakoba]], ny [[Epistily voalohan' i Petera]], ny [[Epistily voalohan' i Joany|Epistily voalohany]] sy [[Epistily faharoan' i Joany|faharoan' i Joany]] ary ny [[Apôkalipsin' i Joany|Apôkalipsy]].[52][53] Tamin' ny taonjato faha-4, dia nisy firaisankina teo amin' ny Tandrefana momba ny kanônan' ny [[Testamenta Vaovao]], [54] ary tamin' ny taonjato faha-5 dia nanaiky ny Bokin' ny Apôkalipsy ny Atsinanana, afa-tsy ny maningana vitsivitsy, ka dia nifanaraka tamin' io raharaha io. ny kanôna.[55]

==== Asa soratra prôtô-ôrtôdôksa ====
Rehefa niely nanerana ny tanin’ ny [[Empira Rômana]] sy tany ivelan’ ny sisin-taniny ny kristianisma, dia nahazo mpikambana sasany avy amin’ ny saranga ara-tsôsialy ambony sy ny nahita fianarana tsara teo amin’ ny tontolo grika izy; lasa eveka izy ireo indraindray. Namokatra karazana asa roa izy ireo, dia ny [[teôlôjia]] sy ny [[apôlôjia]], ary ireto farany dia asa natao hiarovana ny finoana kristiana amin’ ny fampiasana ny saina sy ny [[filôzôfia]] ary ny Soratra Masina mba hanoherana ny hevitra manohitra ny fahamarinan’ ny kristianisma. Ireo mpanoratra ireo dia fantatra amin' ny anarana hoe [[Rain' ny Fiangonana]] na Aban' ny Eglizy, ary ny fandalinana ny fiainany sy ny asa sorany dia antsoina hoe [[patristika]]. Anisan' ireo Rain' ny Fiangonana voalohany malaza i Ignatiôsy avy any Antiôkia, i Pôlikarpôsy, i Jostinôsy Martira, i Ireneo, i Klemento avy any Aleksandria, i Tertoliano, ary i Ôrigenesy.

==== Zavakanton' ny Kristiana voalohany ====
Ny zavakanto sy ny maritrano kristiana tany am-boalohany dia nipoitra somary tara ary ny sary kristiana voalohany fantatra dia nipoitra tamin' ny taona 200 tany ho any, [56] na dia misy porofo avy amin' ny literatiora aza fa nampiasaina teo aloha ny sary kely an-trano. [[katakômba]], nisy tamin' ny 200 teo ho eo, ary ny sary sokitra kristiana tranainy indrindra dia avy amin' ny [[sarkôfazy]], nanomboka tamin' ny fiandohan' ny taonjato faha-3.[57] Ny fandavana ny sary tany am-boalohany, sy ny tsy maintsy hanafenana ny fanao kristiana amin' ny fanenjehana, dia namela firaketana an-tsoratra vitsivitsy momba ny kristianisma voalohany sy ny fivoarany.[57]

==== Nenjehina avy eo nekena ho ara-dalàna ====
Tsy nisy fanenjehana nanerana ny [[Empira Rômana]] ny Kristiana hatramin' ny nanjakan' i [[Dekio]] tamin' ny taonjato faha-3.[58] Ny fanenjehana farany sy mafy indrindra nokarakarain' ny manampahefana rômana dia ny fanenjehana nataon' i [[Diôkletiano]] tamin' ny taona, 303 hatramin' ny 311.[59]

Ny Didin' i Serdica dia navoaka tamin' ny 311 avy amin' ny emperora rômana Galerio, izay namarana tamin' ny fomba ôfisialy ny fanenjehana ny Kristiana tany Atsinanana. Tamin’ ny famoahana ny Didin’ i Milano (313), izay nametrahan’ ny emperora rômana [[Kônstantino Lehibe]] sy i Likinio ho ara-dalàna ny fivavahana kristiana, dia nitsahatra ny fanenjehana ny Kristiana nataon’ ny Empira Rômana[60].

Ny [[Fanjakan' i Armenia]] no firenena voalohany teto amin' izao tontolo izao nametraka ny kristianisma ho fivavaham-panjakana, rehefa, tamin' ny hetsika fanao mahazatra tamin' ny taona 301, i [[Gregôrio Mpanazava]] nandresy lahatra an' i [[Tiridatesy III]], mpanjakan' i Armenia, hiova ho Kristiana.

== Ampahany farany amin' ny Andro Taloha (325–476) ==

=== Ny fitaoman' ny emperora Kônstantino ===
Sarotra ny hamantarana hoe hatraiza ny kristianisma noraisin’ ny emperora rômana Kônstantino tamin’ io fotoana io,[61] fa ny nidirany dia kihon-dalana ho an’ ny Fiangonana kristiana. Nanohana ara-bola ny Fiangonana izy, nanorina [[bazilika]] isan-karazany, nanome tombontsoa (ohatra: fanafahana amin’ ny hetra sasany) ho an’ ny mpitondra fiangonana, nampisondrotra ny Kristiana ho amin’ ny toerana ambony sasany, ary namerina ny fananana nogiazana [62] . Nandray anjara mavitrika tamin’ ny fitarihana ny Fiangonana i Kônstantino. Tamin' ny taona 316, dia nitsara ny ady tany Afrika Avaratra momba ny adihevitra mikasika ny dônatista izy. Ny zava-dehibe kokoa, tamin' ny 325 dia nampiantso ny [[Kônsily voalohany tao Nikea|Kônsilin' i Nikea]] izy, izay [[kônsily ekiomenika]] voalohany. Noho izany dia nametraka ohatra ho an’ ny emperora izy ho tompon’ andraikitra eo anatrehan’ Andriamanitra amin’ ny fahasalamana ara-panahin’ ireo olom-peheziny, ary noho izany dia manana adidy hihazona ny ôrtôdôksia (na fampianarana marina). Izy dia tokony hampihatra ny [[foto-pampianarana]], hamongotra ny [[fivavahan-diso]], ary hanohana ny firaisan-kina ara-pivavahana[63].

Ilay mpandimby ny zanak' i Kônstantino, atao hoe Joliano, zana-drahalahiny, teo ambany fitarihan' i Mardônio mpanolo-tsaina azy, dia nandao ny kristianisma ary nandray ny endriky ny [[paganisma grika-rômana]] [[Neôplatônisma|neôplatônika]] sy mistika, izay nanafintohina ny fiorenan' ny Kristiana[64]. Niezaka namelona indray ny paganisma grika-rômana tao amin’ ny [[Empira Rômana]] izy ary nanomboka tamin’ ny fanokafana indray ny tempolin’ izany fivavahana izany, ka nanova azy ireo hitovy amin’ ny fomba kristiana, toy ny [[rafitra episkôpaly]] sy ny fiantrana ampahibemaso (izay tsy fantatra teo amin’ ny fivavahana grika-rômana). Nifarana ny fotoana fohy nanjakan’ i Joliano rehefa maty tamin’ ny ady tamin’ ny [[Persia|Persiana]] izy (363).

=== Ny arianisma sy ny kônsily ekiomenika voalohany ===
Ny fotopampianaran' ny [[kristôlôjia]] manohitra ny [[Trinite]] malaza, izay niely nanerana ny [[Empira Rômana]] nanomboka tamin' ny taonjato faha-4, dia ny [[Arianisma (teôlôjia)|arianisma]], [65] [66] naorin' ny presbitera kristiana [[Ariosy]] avy any Aleksandria, any Egipta, izay nampianatra fa i [[Jesoa|Jesoa Kristy]] dia zavaboary miavaka sy ambany noho [[Andriamanitra Ray]].[65][66]

Na dia nohelohina ho [[fivavahan-diso]] aza ny fampianaran' i Ariosy ka nesorin’ ny Fiangonana tao amin’ ny Empira Rômana tamin’ ny farany, dia nalaza hatrany ivelan' ny tanin' ilay empira izy io nandritra ny fotoana elaela. Tamin' ny faramparan' ny taonjato faha-4, i Olfila, eveka rômana mpomba ny arianisma, no voatendry ho misiônera kristiana voalohany tany amin' ny [[Gôty (vahoaka)|Gôty]], [[vahoaka jermanika]] tany amin' ny ampahany be amin' i [[Eorôpa]] teo amin' ny sisin-tany sy tao anatin' ny Empira Rômana.[65][66] I Olfila dia nampiely ny arianisma teo amin' ny Gôty, nampiorina mafy ny finoana teo amin' ny foko jermanika maro, ka nanampy azy ireo hitoetra tsy hitovy amin' ny kolontsaina sy ny fivavahan' ny [[Kristianisma kalkedôniana|Kristiana kalkedôniana]].[65][66][67]

Nandritra io vanim-potoana io, dia natao ny [[kônsily ekiomenika]] voalohany. Niadian-kevitra ny fifandirana ara-pinoana sy ara-pivavahana. Ny [[Kônsily voalohany tao Nikea]] (taona 325) sy ny [[Kônsily voalohany tao Kônstantinôpla]] (taona 381) dia niafara tamin’ ny fanamelohana ny arianisma ho fivavahan-diso ary namoaka ny [[Fanekem-pinoana nikeana]].

=== Ny kristianisma lasa fivavaham-panjakana rômana ===
Tamin' ny 27 Febroary 380, tamin' ny alàlan' ny Didin' i Tesalônika navoaka teo ambany fahefàn' i [[Teôdôsio I]] sy i Gratiano ary i [[Valentiniano II]], ny [[Empira Rômana]] dia nandray tamin' ny fomba ôfisialy ny [[kristianisma trinitariana]] ho [[fivavaham-panjakana]]. Talohan’ io daty io, i [[Kônstantio II]] sy i [[Valentio]] dia nankasitraka manokana ny kristianisma ariana na semi-ariana, saingy i Teôdôsio I, mpandimby an’ i Valentio, dia nanohana ny fampianarana momba ny [[Trinite]], araka ny nohazavaina tao amin’ ny Fiekem-pinoana nikeana.

Taorian' ny niorenany, ny Fiangonana dia nandray ny sisin-tanin' ny fandaminana mitovy amin' ny an' ny empira: faritany ara-jeôgrafia, antsoina hoe [[diôsezy]], mifanitsy amin' ny fizarazaran' ny governemantan' ny empira. Ny [[eveka]], izay nipetraka tao amin' ny tanàna lehibe toy ny tamin' ny fomba mahazatra talohan' ny lalàna, dia nanara-maso ny diôsezy tsirairay. Tamin’ ireo fari-piadidian' ny eveka ireo, dia nisy dimy lasa nitana toerana ambony: i [[Rôma]], i [[Kônstantinôpla]], i [[Jerosalema]], i [[Antiôkia]] (na Antiôka), ary i [[Aleksandria]]. Niankina tamin’ ny [[Apôstôly roa ambin' ny folo|Apôstôly]] mpanorina azy ireo ny lazan’ ny ankamaroan’ ireo toerana ireo, ka ny eveka no mpandimby ara-panahy. Na dia mbola noheverina ho voalohany teo amin’ ireo mitovy aminy aza ny evekan’ i Rôma, dia i Kônstantinôpla no laharana faharoa tamin’ ny maha-renivohitra vaovaon’ ilay empira azy.

Namoaka didy i [[Teôdôsio I]] fa ireo izay tsy mino ny &quot;lovam-pampianarana mahatoky&quot;, toy ny [[Trinite]], dia tokony hoheverina ho mpanao [[fivavahan-diso]] tsy ara-dalàna, [68] ary tamin' ny 385, izany no nahatonga ny Fanjakana ho voalohany, fa tsy ny Fiangonana, nanao fanasaziana ho faty ny [[Fivadiham-pinoana|mpivadi-pinoana]], dia i Priskiliano.[69][70]

=== Ny Fiangonan' ny Atsinanana sy ny Empira Sasaniana ===
Nandritra ny fiandohan' ny taonjato faha-5, ny Sekolin' i Edesa dia nampianatra fomba fijery [[Kristôlôjia|kristôlôjika]] izay milaza fa ny maha Andriamanitra sy ny maha olombelona an' i Kristy dia midika fa olona miavaka izy. Ny vokany manokana amin’ io fomba fijery io dia ny hoe tsy azo antsoina ho [[Renin' Andriamanitra|Renin’ Andriamanitra]] i [[Maria (renin' i Jesoa)|Maria]] fa azo raisina ho [[Renin’ i Kristy]] ihany. Ny mpomba an' io fomba fijery io malaza indrindra dia ny patriarkan' i Kônstantinôpla antsoina hoe [[Nestôriôsy]]. Hatramin' ny niantsoana an' i Maria ho Renin' Andriamanitra dia nanjary nalaza tany amin' ny faritra maro tao amin' ny Fiangonana ka nanjary olana mampisara-bazana izany.

Nangataka ny hanaovana ny [[Kônsilin' i Efesôsy]] (431) i [[Teôdôsio II]], emperora rômana, mba handaminana ilay raharaha. Nolavin' ny kôsily tamin' ny farany ny hevitr' i Nestôriôsy. Nisaraka tamin’ ny Eglizy Rômana ny fiangonana maro nanaraka ny fomba fijerin’ ny Nestôriana, ka niteraka fisarahana lehibe izany. Nesorina ny fiangonana nestôriana, ary maro ny mpanara-dia nandositra nankany amin’ ny [[Empira Sasanida]] (Persiana) izay nanaiky izany. Ny Empira Sasanida dia nanana Kristianina niova fo maro tany am-piandohan' ny tantarany, nifamatotra akaiky tamin' ny sampana siriakan' ny kristianisma. [[Zôrôastrisma|Zôrôastriana]] tamin' ny fomba ôfisialy ny Empira Sasanida ary nifikitra mafy tamin' io finoana io, amin' ny ampahany mba hanavahany ny tenany amin' ny fivavahan' ny [[Empira Rômana]] (ny [[paganisma grika-rômana]] tany am-boalohany ary avy eo ny kristianisma). Nanjary noleferina ny kristianisma tao amin' ny Empira Sasanida, ary rehefa nihamaro ny [[Fivadiham-pinoana|mpivadi-pinoana]] vokatry ny nataon' ny Empira Rômana nandritra ny taonjato faha-4 sy faha-6, dia nitombo haingana ny vondrom-piarahamonina kristiana sasaniana.[71] Tamin' ny faran' ny taonjato faha-5 dia niorina mafy ny Fiangonana Persiana ary nanjary nahaleo tena tamin' ny Fiangonana Rômana. Io fiangonana io dia nivoatra ka lasa ilay antsoina ankehitriny hoe [[Fiangonan' ny Atsinanana]].

Tamin' ny taona 451, ny [[Kônsilin' i Kalkedôna]] dia natao mba hanazavana bebe kokoa ny olana ara-[[kristôlôjia]] manodidina ny [[nestôrianisma]]. Ny kônsily tamin' ny farany dia nanambara fa ny maha Andriamanitra sy ny maha olombelona an' i Kristy dia misaraka fa samy ao anatin' ny singa iray, fomba fijery nolavin' ny fiangonana maro izay niantso ny tenany ho [[Miafizisma|miafizita]] izany. Niteraka fiandanian' ny fiangonana izany fisarahana izany, anisan' izany ny Fiangonana Armeniana sy Siriana ary Ejipsiana[72] Na dia nisy ezaka natao tamin’ ny fampihavanana aza nandritra ny taonjato vitsivitsy nanaraka, dia nitohy hatrany ny fisarahana, ka niteraka ilay antsoina ankehitriny hoe Ôrtôdôksa Tatsinanana.

=== Mônastisisma ===
Ny [[mônastisisma]] dia ny fanaon' ny olona izay miala amin' ny fikatsahana izao tontolo izao ary mandeha irery ho mpitoka-monina (hermita) na miditra amin' ny vondrom-piarahamonina voalamina tsara. Nanomboka tany am-boalohany tao amin’ ny Fiangonana kristiana izy io tamin’ ny maha fianakaviana nanana fanao ifandovana mitovy amin’ izany, nalaina tamin’ ny ohatra sy foto-kevitra araka ny [[Soratra Masina]], ary avy amin’ ny fakan' ny sasany tahaka ny [[jodaisma]]. I [[Joany mpanao batisa|Joany Mpanao Batisa]] no noheverina ho [[moanina]] (na monka) môdely voalohany, ary ny mônastisisma dia nentanin' ny fandaminana tao amin' ny vondrom-piarahamonin' ny [[Apôstôly roa ambin' ny folo|Apôstôly]] araka ny voarakitra ao amin' ny [[Asan' ny Apôstôly]] (Asa 2:42–47).[73]

Mpanoratra kristiana malaza tamin' ny tapany farany amin' ny [[Andro Taloha]] toa an' i [[Ôrigenesy avy any Aleksandria|Ôrigenesy]], i Hierônimôsy (na Jerôma), i Joany Krisôstôma, ary i Aogostino avy any Hipôna, no nandika ny hevitry ny lahatsoratra ao amin' ny [[Baiboly]] tao anatin' ny tontolom-pivavahana feno fanavakavahana.[74] Ny ohatra ara-Baiboly momba ny [[asketisma]] dia hita teo amin' ny fiainan' i Joany Mpanao Batisa, i [[Jesoa|Jesoa Kristy]], ny Apôstôly roa ambin' ny folo ary i [[Paoly (apôstôly)|Paoly Apôstôly]].[74] Nahariharin’ ny [[Horonan-tsoratry ny Ranomasina Maty]] ny fanaon’ ny [[Eseniana]], sekta jiosy fahiny, izay nivoady fa hifady hanomanana ady masina. Ny fanantitranterana ny fiainana ara-pivavahana asketika dia hita tao amin' ny asa soratra kristiana voalohany (jereo: [[Filôkalia]]) sy ny fanao tamin' izany fotoana izany (jereo: [[hesikasma]]). Anisan' ireo mpivavaka kristianina hafa amin' ny asketisma ny olo-masina toa an' i Paoly Hermita, i Simeôna Stilita, i Davida avy any Valesa, i Joany avy any Damaskôsy, ary i Fransisko avy any Assise.[74]

Ny Tany efitr' i [[Afovoany Atsinanana]] dia nisy fotoana nonenan' ny lehilahy sy vehivavy kristiana asketika sy hermita ary ankôrita an' arivony, [75] anisan' izany i Md Antôniôsy Lehibe (fantatra amin' ny anarana hoe Md Antôniôsy avy any an' Efitra), Mb Maria avy any Ejipta, ary Md Simeôna Stilita, fantatra amin' ny anarana hoe [[Rain' ny Taniefitra]] sy [[Renin' ny Taniefitra]]. Tamin' ny taona 963 dia niforona ny fikambanan' ny [[mônastera]] antsoina hoe Lavra teo amin' ny [[Tendrombohitra Athos]], araka ny lovantsofina ôrtôdôksa tatsinanana.[76] Io no ivon-toerana manan-danja indrindra amin' ireo antokon' olona asketika kristiana ôrtôdôksa nandritra ny taonjato maro nanaraka.[76] Amin' izao vanim-potoana môderina izao, ny Tendrombohitra Athos sy Meteora dia nitoetra ho foibe manan-danja lehibe.[77]

Miaina irery ny moanina ermita na hermita, fa ny kenôbitika kosa dia miaina ao anaty vondrom-piarahamonina, amin' ny ankapobeny ao amin' ny mônastera, eo ambanin' ny fitsipika (na fitsipika fanao) ary fehezin' ny abôta. Tany am-boalohany, ny moanina kristiana rehetra dia mpitolona, ​​nanaraka ny ohatr’ i Antôniôsy Lehibe. Na izany aza, ny filana endrika fitarihana ara-panahy voalamina dia nitarika an' i Pakômiôsy tamin' ny taona 318 mba handamina ny mpanara-dia azy maro ho lasa monastera voalohany. Tsy ela dia nisy andrim-pandaminana toy izany naorina nanerana ny tany efitr’ i Ejipta sy ny sisa tamin’ ny tapany atsinanan’ ny [[Empira Rômana]]. Tena nahasarika ny vehivavy izany hetsika izany.[78] Isan' ny ivon' ny fampandrosoana ny mônastisisma dia i Basiliôsy Lehibe any Atsinanana ary, any Andrefana, i Benedikto (na Benoà), namorona ny Fitsipik' i Md Benedikto, izay ho lasa fitsipika mahazatra indrindra mandritra ny Andro Antenatenany sy ny fiandohan' ny fitsipika mônastika hafa. [79]

== Tapany voalohany amin' ny Andro Antenatenany (476–842) ==
Ny tetezamita mankany amin' ny fiandohan' ny [[Andro Antenatenany]] dia dingana tsikelikely sy isan-toerana. Nitombo ny faritra ambanivohitra noho ny tobim-pamokarana raha nihena ny tanàn-dehibe. Na dia betsaka kokoa aza ny Kristiana nijanona tany Atsinanana (faritra grika), dia nisy fivoarana lehibe teo amin’ ny Tandrefana (faritra latina), ary samy nanana endrika miavaka. Ny evekan’ i Rôma nifandimby, izany hoe ny [[papa]], dia voatery nampifanaraka tamin’ ny toe-javatra niova be. Tsy nifikitra afa-tsy tamin’ ny emperora izy ireo, ka voatery nifampiraharaha tamin’ ny “mpanapaka barbarianina” tany amin’ ny faritany rômana rehetra taloha. Tany Atsinanana, ny Fiangonana dia nitazona ny rafitra sy ny toetrany ary nivoatra tsikelikely.

=== Fanitarana nataon' ny misiônera tandrefana ===
Nifanindry tamin' ny ezaka misiônera tany am-boalohany tany amin' ny faritra tsy voafehin' ny fanjakana nirodana ny famoizana tsikelikely ny fanjakan' ny [[Empira Rômana Tandrefana]], izay nosoloina ny fanjakana federaly sy jermanika.[80] Tany am-piandohan' ny taonjato faha-5, ny asa misiônera avy any [[Britaina Lehibe]] nofehezin' ny Rômana ho any amin' ny faritra seltika ([[Ekôsy]] sy [[Irlandy]] ary [[Valesa]]) dia namokatra fomba fanao nifaninana tamin' ny kristianisma seltika, izay naverina teo ambany fifehezan' ny Fiangonana tany Rôma tatỳ aoriana. Ny misiônera nalaza tany [[Eorôpa Avaratra-Andrefana]] tamin’ izany fotoana izany dia ny olo-masina kristiana Patrick sy Columba ary Columbanus. Ny vahoaka anglô-saksôna izay nanafika an' i Britaina Lehibe atsimo, fotoana fohy taorian' ny nandaozan' ny Rômana dia mpanaraka ny paganisma tamin' ny voalohany, saingy nampiova fo ho amin' ny kristianisma tamin' ny alalan' i Aogostino avy any Canterbéry noho ny asa nanirahana ny papa [[Gregôrio Lehibe]]. Tsy ela dia lasa foiben' ny misiônera, ny misiônera toa an' i Wilfrid sy i Willibrord sy i Lullus ary i Boniface dia nampiova fo ny havany [[Saksôna (vahoaka)|Saksôna]] tany Jermania.

Ny ankamaroan' ny Kristiana galô-rômana monina any [[Galia]] ([[Frantsa]] sy [[Belzika]] ankehitriny) dia resin' ny [[Franka (vahoaka)|Franka]] tamin' ny fiandohan' ny taonjato faha-5. Nenjehina ny tompon-tany mandra-piovan’ ny mpanjaka Francis Clovis I avy amin’ ny [[paganisma]] ho amin’ ny fivavahana katôlika rômana, tamin’ ny taona 496. Nanizingizina i Clovis fa hanaraka an’ izany ireo andriana namany, ka nanamafy ny fanjakany vao niorina tamin’ ny fampiraisana ny finoan’ ny mpitondra sy ny an’ ny vahoaka [81]. Taorian’ ny nipoiran’ ny Fanjakana Franka sy ny toe-draharaha ara-pôlitika nilamina, dia nampitombo ny asan’ ny misiônera ny tapany andrefana tamin’ ny Fiangonana, izay notohanan’ ny tarana-mpanjaka [[merôvinjiana]] ho fitaovana hampitoniana ny mponina manodidina sahirana. Taorian' ny nanorena fiangonana iray tao Utrecht nataon' i Willibrord, dia nitranga ny fihenjanana rehefa nandrava foibe kristiana maro ny mpanjaka frisiana Radbod teo anelanelan' ny taona 716 sy 719. Tamin' ny taona 717, i Boniface, misiônera anglisy, dia nalefa hanampy an' i Willibrord, nanangana indray ny fiangonana rehetra tany Frisia ary nanohy ny asa fitoriana any Jermania.[81] Nandritra ny faramparan' ny taonjato faha-8, dia nanao famonoana faobe i [[Charlemagne]] mba handresena ny Saksôna mpanaraka ny paganisma sy hanerena azy ireo hanaiky ny kristianisma [82].

=== Kalifata Rasidona ===
Koa satria ny Kristiana dia heverina ho &quot;[[Olon' ny Boky]]&quot; ao amin' ny [[Silamo|fivavahana silamo]], ny Kristianina teo ambany fitondran' ny Miozolmana dia niharan' ny satan' ny ''dhimmi'' (miaraka amin' ny [[Jiosy]], ny [[Samaritana]], ny [[Gnôstisisma|Gnôstika]], ny [[Mandeisma|Mandeana]], ary ny [[Zôrôastrisma|Zôrôastriana]]), izay ambany noho ny satan' ny Miozolmana. [83][84][85] Niatrika fanavakavahana ara-pivavahana sy fanenjehana noho izany ny Kristianina sy ny antokom-pivavahana vitsy madinika vokatry ny fandrarana azy ireo tsy hitahita ny olona hiova finoana (ho an’ ny Kristianina dia voarara ny mitory ny filazantsara na manaparitaka ny kristianisma) tany amin’ ireo tany azon’ ny [[Arabo (vahoaka)|Arabo]] miozolmana noho ny fanaintainan’ ny fahafatesana, voarara tsy hitondra fitaovam-piadiana, nanao asa sasany, ary voatery nanao fitafiana hafa izy ireo mba hampiavaka ny tenany amin' ny Arabo[84] . Teo ambanin' ny [[lalàna silamo]] (''sharīʿa''), ny tsy Miozolmana dia voatery nandoa ny hetra atao hoe ''jizya'' sy ''kharaj'', [83][84][85] miaraka amin' ny vidim-panavotana mavesatra ara-potoana nalain' ny mpitondra miozolmana amin' ny vondrom-piarahamonina kristiana mba hamatsiana ny fanafihana ara-miaramila mitohy. Tamin' izany dia nitondra ampahany betsaka amin' ny fidiram-bola ho an' ny fanjakana silamo sy nampahantra Kristiana maro, ary ireo fahasahiranana ara-bola sy ara-tsôsialy ireo dia nanery ny Kristiana maro hivadika ho miozolmana.[84] Ireo Kristiana tsy afaka nandoa ireo hetra ireo dia voatery nanolotra ny zanany ho an' ireo mpitondra miozolmana izay hivarotra azy ireo ho andevo ho an' ny tokantrano miozolmana na voatery hivadika ho Miozolmana.[84]

Araka ny fomban' ny [[Fiangonana Ôrtôdôksa Siriaka]], ny fandresen' ny Miozolmana any [[Ampiposahana (faritra)|Ampiposahana]] dia fanamaivanana ho an' ireo Kristiana ampahorian' ny [[Empira Rômana Tandrefana]][85]. Mikaela Siriana, patriarika tany [[Antiôkia]], dia nanoratra tatỳ aoriana fa ny Andriamanitry ny Kristiana dia “nanandratra ny zanak’ i Ismaela avy tany atsimo mba hanafaka antsika amin’ ny tanan’ ny Rômana”[85]. Ny vondrom-piarahamonina kristiana isan-karazany any amin' ny faritr' i [[Palestina (faritra)|Palestina]] sy [[Siria (faritra)|Siria]] sy [[Libanona (faritra)|Libanona]] ary [[Armenia (faritra)|Armenia]] dia nankahala ny fitondran' ny Empira Rômana Tandrefana na ny an' ny [[Empira Bizantina]], ka noho izany dia naleony niaina tao anatin' ny toe-javatra ara-toekarena sy ara-pôlitika tsara kokoa noho ny ''dhimmi'' teo ambany fitondran' ny Miozolmana.[85] Na izany aza, ny mpahay tantara môderna dia manaiky ihany koa fa ny vahoaka kristiana monina any amin' ireo tany azon' ny tafika arabo miozolmana teo anelanelan' ny taonjato faha-7 sy faha-10 dia niharan' ny fanenjehana sy herisetra ara-pivavahana ary fahafatesana maritiora imbetsaka teo am-pelan-tanan' ny manampahefana sy mpanapaka miozolomana arabo [85]. ][86][87][88] maro no novonoina teo ambanin' ny fanamelohana ho faty araka ny lalàna islamika noho ny fiarovana ny finoana kristiana tamin' ny alalan' ny hetsika fanoherana mahery vaika toy ny fandavana ny hiova finoana ho miozolmana, ny fandavana ny fivavahana silamo ary ny fiverenana amin' ny kristianisma avy eo, ary ny fitenenan-dratsy ny [[Allah|Andriamanitry ny finoana silamo]].[86][87][88]

=== Kalifata Ômeiada ===
Araka ny Sekoly Ḥanafī momba ny lalàna silamo (''sharīʿa''), ny fijoroana vavolombelona ataon' ny tsy Miozolmana (toy ny Kristiana na Jiosy) dia tsy noheverina ho manan-kery manoloana ny fijoroana vavolombelona ataon' ny Miozolmana amin' ny raharaha ara-dalàna na sivily. Ara-tantara, ao amin' ny kolontsaina miozolmana sy ny lalàna silamo nentim-paharazana, dia voarara ny vehivavy miozolmana tsy hanambady lehilahy kristiana na jiosy, fa ny lehilahy miozolmana kosa dia navela hanambady vehivavy kristiana na jiosy[89][90] (jereo ny: [[fanambadiana iraisam-pinoana ao amin' ny silamo]]). Ny Kristiana teo ambany fitondran' ny Miozolmana dia nanana zo hivadika ho miozolmana na fivavahana hafa, raha mifanohitra amin' izany kosa ny ''murtad'', na mpivadi-pinoana amin' ny silamo, dia nahazo sazy henjana na ''hadd'' mihitsy aza, izay mety ahitana ny fanamelohana ho faty araka ny lalàna islamika.[86][87][88] ]

Amin' ny ankapobeny, ny Kristiana teo ambany fitondrana islamika dia navela hanatanteraka ny fivavahany miaraka amin' ny fetra miavaka sasany avy amin' ny Dina apôkrifan' i Umar. Io fifanarahana io, izay heverina fa natao tamin’ ny taona 717, dia nandrara ny Kristiana tsy hampiseho ampahibemaso ny [[hazo fijaliana]] teo amin’ ny trano fiangonany, tsy hiantso ny mpiangona hivavaka amin’ ny alalan' ny lakolosy, tsy hanorina indray na hanamboatra fiangonana sy [[mônasitera]] taorian’ ny fandravana na fahasimbana, ary nametraka fameperana hafa mifandraika amin' ny asa sy fitafiana ary fitaovam-piadiana[91] Nanenjika Kristiana berbera maro ny Kalifata Omeiada tamin' ny taonjato faha-7 sy faha-8, ka niova tsikelikely ho amin' ny finoana silamo ireo Kristiana ireo.[92]

Tany Umayyad al-Andalus (ao amin' ny [[Saikinosy Iberiana]]), ny sekolin' ny lalàna islamika Malikī no tena nanjaka.[87] Ny fahafatesan' ny maritiora kristiana valo amby efapolo izay nitranga tao amin' ny Emiratan' i Córdoba teo anelanelan' ny taona 850 sy 859[93] dia voarakitra ao amin' ny trakta hagiôgrafika nosoratan' i Eulogius avy any Córdoba, Kristiana iberiana sy latinista manam-pahaizana.[86][87][88]. ] Novonoina teo ambany fitondran' i Abd al-Rahman II sy Muhammad I ireo maritiora tao Córdoba ireo, ary ny hagiôgrafian' i Eulogius dia miresaka amin' ny antsipiriany ny famonoana ny maritiora noho ny fanitsakitsahana ny lalàna islamika, anisan' izany ny [[fivadiham-pinoana]] sy ny fitenenan-dratsy ([[blasfemia]]).[86][87][86] 88]

=== Kalifata Abasida ===
Mpahay siansa kristiana tatsinanana sy manam-pahaizana momba ny tontolo islamika tamin' ny [[Andro Antenatenany]] (indrindra fa ny Kristiana jakôbita sy nestôriana) dia nandray anjara tamin' ny sivilizasiôna arabo silamo nandritra ny fitondran' ny Omaiada sy ny Abasida, tamin' ny fandikana ny sangan' asan' ny filôzôfa grika ho amin' ny [[Fiteny siriaka|teny siriaka]] ary taorian' izay, tamin' ny [[Fiteny arabo|teny arabo]].[94] [95][96] Nahay [[filôzôfia]], [[siansa]], [[teôlôjia]] ary fitsaboana koa izy ireo.[97][98][99] Ary ny mpitsabo manokana ny kalifa abasida dia matetika Kristiana asiriana toy ny tarana-mpanjaka Bukhtishu naharitra ela.

Ny kalifa abasida dia tsy nandefitra loatra tamin' ny kristianisma raha oharina tamin' ireo kalifa omaiada[85]. Na izany aza, dia nanohy niasa tao amin' ny governemanta ny manam-pahefana kristiana, ary matetika ny Kristiana ao amin' ny Fiangonan' ny Tatsinanana no nandika ny [[filôzôfia grika]] fahiny sy ny [[matematika]] grika.[85] Ny asa soratr' i al-Jahiz dia nandresy ny Kristiana noho ny fanambinana loatra, ary nilaza fa afaka tsy miraharaha na dia ireo fameperana napetraky ny fanjakana aza [85]. Tamin' ny faramparan' ny taonjato faha-9, ny patriarkan' i Jerosalema, Theodosius, dia nanoratra tamin' ny mpiara-miasa aminy, ilay patriarkan' i Kônstantinôpla Ignatios, fa &quot;marina izy ireo ary tsy manisy ratsy antsika na mampiseho herisetra amintsika&quot;.[85]

I Elias avy any Heliôpôlisy, rehefa nifindra tany [[Damaskôsy]] (na Damasy) avy any [[Heliôpôlisy]] (Ba'albek), dia voampanga ho nivadi-pinoana tamin' ny kristianisma rehefa avy nanatrika fety nokarakarain' ny Arabo mozolmana iray, ary voatery nandositra an' i Damaskôsy ho any amin' ny tanàna niaviany, ary niverina valo taona taty aoriana, izay nisy azy. ekena sy nogadrain' ny &quot;eparka&quot;, angamba ilay mpahay lalàna al-Layth ibn Sa'd.[100]: 34  Rehefa avy nandà ny hivadika ho miozolmana izy, na dia nampijalina, dia nentina teo anatrehan' ny emira Damaskena sady havan' ny kalifa al-Mahdi (manodidina ny taona 775–785), Muhammad ibn-Ibrahim, izay nampanantena fitondrana tsara raha hiova fo i Elias.[100]: 34  Tamin’ ny fandavany imbetsaka, dia nampijalina sy notapahin-doha i Elias ary nodorana ny vatany, notapahana ary natsipy tany amin’ ny renirano Chrysorrhoes. (ny Barada) tamin’ ny taona 779 [100]: 34

Araka ny voalazan' i Synaxarion avy any Kônstantinôpla, ny hegômenôsy Michael avy any Zobe sy ny [[moanina]] enina amby telopolo tao amin' ny Mônasteran' i Zobe akaikin' i Sebasteia (Sivas) dia novonoina tamin' ny fanafihana ny vondrom-piarahamonina. ny Hagarenes&quot;, &quot;Alim&quot;, angamba i Ali ibn-Sulayman, governora abasida izay nanafika ny faritanin' ny Rômana tamin' ny taona 785. I Bacchus dia Palestiniana, izay ny fianakaviany, kristiana, dia niova fo ho amin' ny finoana silamo ny rainy.[100]: 29–30  i Bacchus anefa dia nijanona ho [[kriptô-kristiana]] ary nanao fivahiniana masina tany Jerosalema, izay natao [[batisa]] (na batemy) sy niditra tao amin' ny mônastera. an' i Mar Saba.[100]: 29–30  Ny fihaonany sy ny fianakaviany dia nahatonga azy ireo hiverina ho kristiana indray ary ny fitsarana sy ny famonoana an' i Bacchus noho ny fivadiham-pinoana teo ambany fitondran' ny emira Harthama ibn A'yan.[100]: 29–30

Taorian' ny fanaovam-pahirano an' i Amorium tamin' ny taona 838, tanàna niavian' ny emperora Theophilos (r. 829–842) sy ny tarana-mpanjaka amôriana, ny kalifa al-Mu'tasim (manodidina ny taona 833–842) dia nitondra babo rômana maherin' ny efapolo [100]: 41–42  Nentina tany Samarra renivohitra izy ireo, ary taorian’ ny fito taona nisian’ ny adihevitra ara-teôlôjia sy ny fandavana ny hivadika ho miozolmana, dia novonoina ho faty izy ireo tamin’ ny vola a Marsa 845 teo ambany fitondran’ ny kalifa al-Wathiq (manodidina ny taona 842–847).[ 100]: 41–42  Tao anatin' ny taranaka iray dia nohajaina ho maritiora 42 tao Amorium izy ireo. Araka ny filazan' i Euodius, hagiôgrafan' izy ireo, izay angamba nanoratra tao anatin' ny taranaka iray nisy ny zava-nitranga, dia i Theophilos sy ny [[ikônôklasma]] no nahatonga ny faharesena tao Amorium. mpanoratra fantatra amin' ny anarana hoe Michael avy any Synkellos, anisan' ireo roa amby efapolo i Kallistos, ilay Malemy Fanahy an' ny thema Kôlôneiana, ary ilay maritiora mahery fo Theodore Karteros.[100]: 41–42

Nandritra ny [[ady nifanaovan' ny Arabo sy ny Bizantina]] tamin' ny taonjato faha-10, ny fandresen' ny Rômana ny Arabo dia niafara tamin' ny fanafihan' ny vahoaka ny Kristiana, izay noheverina fa niray fo tamin' ny [[Empira Rômana]].[85] Araka ny voalazan' i Bar Hebraeus, Katôlika tao amin' ny [[Fiangonan' ny Atsinanana]], i Abraham III (manodidina ny taona 906–937), dia nanoratra tamin' ny [[viziry lehibe]] hoe: &quot;isika Nestôriana dia naman' ny Arabo sady mivavaka ho an' ny fandreseny&quot;. Ny fihetsiky ny [[Nestôrianisma|Nestôriana]] “izay tsy manana mpanjaka hafa afa-tsy ny Arabo”, dia nampifanohitra tamin’ ny Fiangonana Ôrtôdôksa Grika, izay nolazainy fa “tsy nitsahatra niady tamin’ ny Arabo ny emperorany [85] Teo anelanelan’ ny taona 923 sy 924 rava ny fiangonana tao anatin' ny herisetran' ny vahoaka tao Ramla, Askelôna sy tao Kaisarea Maritima, ary [[Damaskôsy]].[85] Isaky ny tranga, araka ny filazan' i Eutychius, mpanoratra tantara kristiana sady arabo melkita avy any [[Aleksandria]], ny kalifa al-Muqtadir (manodidina ny taona 908–932) dia nandray anjara tamin' ny ady. fanorenana indray ny fananan’ ny Fiangonana.[85]

=== Ikônôklasma bizantina ===
Taorian' ny andian-tafika mahery vaika nanohitra ny Miozolmana, dia nipoitra tao amin' ny tanin' ny [[Empira Bizantina]] ny ikônôklasma tamin' ny fiandohan' ny taonjato faha-8. Tamin' ny taona 720, ny emperora bizantina Leo III Isaurian dia nandrara ny fanehoana an-tsary an' i Kristy sy ny olo-masina ary ny seho ara-Baiboly. Tany Latina Andrefana, ny papa [[Gregôrio III]] dia nanao sinôda roa tany [[Rôma]] ary nanameloka ny nataon’ i Leo. Ny Filankevitry ny ikônôklasta bizantina, natao tao Hieria tamin' ny taona 754, dia nanapa-kevitra fa ny sary masina dia [[fivadiham-pinoana]].[101] Ny hetsika ikônôklastika dia nandrava ny ankamaroan' ny tantaran' ny zavakanto voalohany tao amin' ny Fiangonana kristiana. Ny hetsika ikônôklastika taty aoriana dia noheverina ho [[Fampianaran-diso (fivavahana)|heretika]] tamin' ny taona 787 teo ambanin' ny [[Kônsily faharoa tao Nikea|Kônsily faharoan' i Nikea]] ([[kônsily ekiomenika]] fahafito) saingy nisy fitsanganana vetivety teo anelanelan' ny taona 815 sy 842.

== Andro Antenatenany Ambony (800–1299) ==

=== Renaissance Karôlinjiana ===
Ny Renaissance Karôlinjiana dia vanim-potoana fifohazana ara-tsaina sy ara-kolontsaina momba ny [[literatiora]] sy ny [[zavakanto]] ary ny fandalinana [[Soratra Masina]] nandritra ny faramparan' ny taonjato faha-8 sy faha-9 teo ambany fitondran' ny tarana-mpanjaka karôlinjiana, indrindra tamin' ny fotoana nanjakan' ny mpanjaka [[Franka (vahoaka)|franka]] [[Charlemagne]], mpanorina sy emperora voalohany tao amin' ny [[Empira Karôlinjiana]], sy ny zanany lahy, Louis Tia Vavaka. Mba hamahana ny olan’ ny tsy fahaizana mamaky teny sy manoratra teo amin' ny klerjy sy ny mpitan-tsoratra ao amin’ ny fitsarana, dia nanorina sekoly i Charlemagne ary nisarika ireo lehilahy nahay indrindra any [[Eorôpa]] manontolo ho any amin’ ny fitsarana azy.

=== Mitombo ny disadisa eo amin' ny Atsinanana sy ny Andrefana ===
Nanomboka niharihary ny fihenjanana teo amin’ ny firaisan-kina kristiana tamin’ ny taonjato faha-4. Olana fototra roa no mifandrohirohy: ny toetran' ny fahambonian’ ny evekan' i Rôma sy ny fiantraika ara-teôlôjia momba ny fampidirana andian-teny iray ao amin’ ny [[Fanekem-pinoana nikeana]], fantatra amin’ ny anarana latina hoe ''[[Filioque]]''. Ireo olana ara-pampianarana ireo dia noresahina ampahibemaso voalohany tao amin’ ny patriarkan’ i Fôtiôsy. Ny Fiangonana Tatsinanana dia nihevitra ny fahatakaran' i Rôma ny toetoetran' ny fahefan' ny eveka ho toy ny mifanohitra mivantana amin' ny rafitry ny Fiangonana izay tena fampihavanana, ary noho izany dia nihevitra ireo [[ekleziôlôjia]] roa ireo ho mifanohitra tanteraka [102] .

Ny olana iray hafa dia nanjary tena nahasosotra ny antokom-piangonana kristiana, ny fampidirana tsikelikely ny Fanekem-pinoana nikeana any Andrefana amin' ny andian-teny hoe ''Filioque'' - midika hoe &quot;sy ny Zanaka&quot; - araka ny hita ao amin' ny hoe &quot;Fanahy Masina ... avy amin' ny Ray sy ny Zanaka&quot; , izay lazain’ ny Fanekem-pinoana tany am-boalohany, izay neken’ ny kônsily ary mbola ampiasain’ ny Ôrtôdôksa Tatsinanana ankehitriny, fa &quot;ny Fanahy Masina, ... avy amin’ ny Ray&quot;. Nanamafy ny Fiangonana Tatsinanana fa natovana tsy ara-dalàna io andian-teny io, satria tsy mbola nisy nidinika ny Atsinanana[103]. Ho fanampin' io resaka eklesiôlôjia io, ny Fiangonana Tatsinanana koa dia nihevitra fa tsy azo ekena ny andian-teny ''Filioque'' noho ny antony [[Teôlôjia dôgmatika|dôgmatika]][104].

=== Fisaraham-bazana vokatry ny hevitr' i Fôtiôsy ===
Tamin’ ny taonjato faha-9, dia nisy ady hevitra nipoitra teo amin’ ny [[Kristianisma Tatsinanana|kristianisma tatsinanana]] (bizantina, Ôrtôdôksa Grika) sy tandrefana (latina, Katôlika Rômana), izay nipoitra noho ny fanoheran’ ny papa [[Joany VII]] ny fanendrena nataon’ ny emperora bizantina Michael III avy ao amin’ i Fôtiôsy I. ny toeran' ny patriarika tao [[Kônstantinôpla]]. Nolavin' ny papa i Fôtiôsy noho ny fifandirana teo amin' ny Atsinanana sy ny Andrefana teo aloha. Tsy nety nanaiky ny [[fahambonian’ ny papa]] tamin’ ny raharaha tatsinanana i Fôtiôsy na nanaiky ny andian-teny hoe &quot;''Filioque''&quot;. Ny delegasiôna latina tao amin' ny filan-kevitry ny fanokanana azy dia nanery azy hanaiky ilay andian-teny mba hahazoana antoka ny fanohanan' izy ireo. Ny resabe koa dia nikasika ny zon' ny Fiangonana Tatsinanana sy Tandrefana ao amin' ny fiangonana bolgara. Nanome fanelanelanana tokoa i Fôtiôsy momba ny zo ara-pitsarana momba an’ i [[Bolgaria]], ary ireo solontenan' ny papa dia nanao izany tamin’ ny fiverenany avy any Bolgaria ho any Rôma. Io fanekena io anefa dia nomena anarana fotsiny, satria ny fiverenan' i Bolgaria amin' ny fombam-pivavahana bizantina tamin' ny taona 870 dia efa nahatonga azy io ho [[fiangonana aotôkefaly]]. Raha tsy nisy ny faneken' i Boris I avy any Bolgaria, dia tsy afaka nampihatra ny fitakiany ny papa.

=== Fisaraham-bazan' ny Atsinanana sy ny Andrefana (1054) ===
Ny [[fisaraham-bazan' ny Atsinanana sy ny Andrefana]], fantatra ihany koa amin' ny anarana hoe &quot;[[Fisaraham-bazana Lehibe]]&quot;, dia nanasaraka ny Fiangonana ho sampana tandrefana (latina) sy tatsinanana (grika), izany hoe ny katôlika tandrefana sy ôrtôdôksa tatsinanana. Io no fivakisana lehibe voalohany hatramin’ ny nandavan’ ny antokon’ olona sasany tany Atsinanana ny didy navoakan’ ny [[Kônsilin' i Kalkedôna]] (jereo: Ôrtôdôksa Tatsinanana) ary niavaka kokoa. Na dia niseho tamin' ny taona 1054 aza ny Fisaraham-bazana Atsinanana sy Andrefana, dia vokatry ny fisarahana lava teo amin' ny kristianisma latina sy kristianisma grika noho ny maha ambony ny papa sy ny foto-pampianarana sasany momba ny ''Filioque'', saingy nihamafy noho ny kolontsaina ara-jeôgrafia sy ara-jeôpôlitika ary ara-piteny.

=== Fanavaozana mônastika ===
Nanomboka tamin’ ny taonjato faha-6, ny ankamaroan’ ny [[mônastera]] tany amin’ ny Katôlika Andrefana dia fehezin' ny Didin' i Benedikto. Noho ny fanarahana hentitra kokoa ny fitondrana benediktina nohavaozina, ny Abeîn'  i Cluny dia nanjary ivon-toeran' ny [[mônastisisma]] tandrefana ekena nanomboka tamin' ny taonjato faha-10. I Cluny dia namorona lamina lehibe sy federasiôna izay nahatonga ny mpitantana ny trano fanampiny ho lefitry ny Abôta Cluny ary namaly azy. Ny toe-tsaina kloniaka dia fitaomana namelona indray ny Fiangonana nôrmana, tamin' ny faratampony nanomboka tamin' ny tapany faharoa amin' ny taonjato faha-10 ka hatramin' ny fiandohan' ny taonjato faha-12.

Tonga niaraka tamin' ny [[hetsika sistersiana]] ny onjam-panavaozana mônastika manaraka. Ny abey sistersiana voalohany dia naorina tamin' ny taona 1098, tao amin' ny Cîteaux Abbey. Ny foto-kevitry ny fiainana sistersiana dia fiverenana amin' ny fitandremana ara-bakiteny ny fitondrana benediktina, fandavana ny fivoarana benediktina. Ny tena nanaitra indrindra tamin' ny fanavaozana dia ny fiverenana amin' ny asa tanana, ary indrindra amin' ny asa an-tsaha. Nahazo aingam-panahy avy amin' i Bernard avy ao Clairvaux, mpanorina voalohany ny Sistersiana, izy ireo no lasa hery lehibe indrindra amin' ny fandrosoana ara-teknôlôjia sy amin' ny fampielezana ny filazantsara tany [[Eorôpa]] tamin' ny [[Andro Antenatenany]]. Tamin’ ny faran’ ny taonjato faha-12 dia niisa 500 ny trano sistersiana, ary tamin’ ny faramparan' ny taonjato faha-15, dia voalaza fa nanana trano efa ho 750 ilay fikambanana. Ny ankamaroan' ireo trano ireo dia naorina tany an' efitra, ary nandray anjara lehibe tamin' ny fitondrana ny faritra mitoka-monina any Eorôpa ho amin' ny fambolena ara-toekarena.

Ny ambaratonga fahatelo amin' ny fanavaozana mônastika dia nomen' ny fananganana ny Filaharan' ny Mpangataka. Ny Mpangataka dia niaina eo ambany fitondrana mônastika miaraka amin' ny voady mahazatra momba ny fahantrana sy ny fahadiovam-pitondran-tena ary ny fankatoavana saingy manantitrantitra ny fitoriana ny filazantsara sy ny asa misiônera ary ny fanabeazana, ao amin' ny mônastera mitokana. Nanomboka tamin’ ny taonjato faha-12, dia naorin’ ny mpanara-dia an’ i Fransisko avy any Assise ny Ôrdônansin’ ny Fransiskana, ary taorian’ izay dia i Md Dôminika no nanombohan’ ny Filaharana Dôminikana.

=== Fisondrotan' ny oniversite ===
Ny [[oniversite]] tandrefana môderna dia nipoitra mivantana avy amin' ny Fiangonana tamin' ny [[Andro Antenatenany]].[105][106][107][108][109] Sekolin' ny katedraly no nanombohan' izy ireo, ary noheverina ho mpitondra fivavahana ny mpianatra rehetra.[110] Tombontsoa izany satria nametraka ny mpianatra ho eo ambany fahefan' ny Fiangonana izy ka nanome fiarovana sasany. Nisaraka tamin' ny katedraly ny sekoly katedraly tamin' ny farany ary nanangana ny andrim-pianarany manokana, ny voalohany indrindra dia ny Oniversiten' i Bologne (taona 1088) sy ny Oniversiten' i  Oxford (taona 1096) ary ny Oniversiten' i  Paris (manodidina ny taona 1150).[111] 112][113]

=== Tsy fifanarahana momba ny fanendrena eveka ===
Ny ady hevitra momba ny fanendrena eveka eo amin' ny fahefana no ady lehibe indrindra teo amin' ny fahefana laîka sy ny fahefana ara-pivavahana izay nitranga tany [[Eorôpa]] tamin' ny [[Andro Antenatenany]]. Nanomboka tamin’ ny ady tamin’ ny taonjato faha-11 teo amin’ ny emperora masina rômana [[Henri IV]] sy ny papa [[Gregôrio VII]] momba izay hanendry eveka (fametrahana hitondra). Ny fiafaran' ny fametrahana amin' ny fitondrana ny laîka dia nandrahona hampihena ny herin' ny [[Empira Rômana Masina]] sy ny fanirian' ny andriana eorôpeana. Ny episkôpata dia fanendrena mandritra ny androm-piainany fotsiny, ny mpanjaka dia afaka mifehy bebe kokoa ny fahefany sy ny fidiram-bolany noho ny an' ny olo-manan-kaja. Azony atao koa aza ny mamela ny toerana ho banga ary manangona ny vola miditra, araka ny teôrian' ny fitokisana ny eveka vaovao, na manome episkôpata mba hanome karama olona ambony iray. Ny [[Eglizy katôlika rômanina|Eglizy Katôlika Rômana]] dia naniry ny hampitsahatra ny fandraisan' anjaran' ny laîka mba hampitsaharana izany toe-javatra izany sy ny fanararaotana hafa, mba hanavaozana ny episkôpata sy hanomezana fikarakarana pastôraly tsara kokoa. Namoaka ny ''Dictatus Papae'' ny papa Gregôrio VII, izay nanambara fa ny papa irery no afaka manendry eveka. Ny fandavan' i Henri IV an' ilay didim-panjakana dia nitarika ho amin' ny fandroahana azy sy ny fikomian' ny [[dioka]]. Tamin' ny farany dia nahazo famotsoran-keloka i Henri IV taorian' ny fivalozana ampahibemaso mahatsiravina nataony, na dia nitohy aza ny Fikomian' i Saksôna Lehibe sy ny fifandonana momba ny fanendrena eveka.

Nisy ady hevitra mitovy amin’ izany nitranga tany [[Angletera]] teo amin’ ny mpanjaka [[Henri I]] sy Md Anselm, arsevekan’ i Canterbery, momba ny fahabangan-toerana sy ny fahabangan-toerana ho eveka. Ny fifandirana anglisy dia voavaha tamin' ny Kônkôrdatan' i Lôndra (taona 1107), izay nandaozan' ny mpanjaka ny fitakiany hanendry eveka fa nanohy nitaky fianianana. Môdely ampahany ho an' ny Kônkôrdatan' i Worms (''Pactum Calixtinum'') io, izay namaha ny resabe momba ny fampiasam-bola imperialy tamin' ny marimaritra iraisana izay nahafahan' ny manam-pahefana nifehy ny fahefany, saingy nanome ny fifantenana ny eveka ho an' ny kanôna katedraly. Ho mariky ny marimaritra iraisana, dia samy nampiasa ny eveka niaraka tamin' ny mpiasa sy ny peratra ny eveka na ny manam-pahefana ara-pivavahana sy ny laîka.

=== Kroazada ===
Amin' ny ankapobeny, ny [[kroazada]] (1095–1291) dia ny adin' ny Kristiana eorôpeana tao amin' ny [[Tany Masina]], notohanan' ny [[papa]], tamin' ny [[Miozolmana]] mba hamerenana ny faritr' i [[Palestina (faritra)|Palestina]] amin' ny Kristiana indray.[114][115][116] Nisy diaben' ny mpiantafika hafa niady tamin' ny tafika miozolmana tany amin' ny manodidina an' i [[Mediteranea]], indrindra tany amin' ny faritra atsimo amin' i [[Espaina]], sy atsimo amin' i [[Italia]], ary any amin' ny nosy Sipra sy Malta ary Sisilia.[115] Ny papa koa dia nanohana kroazada maro hanoherana ny vahoaka [[Paganisma|pagàna]] any [[Eorôpa Avaratra Atsinanana|Eorôpa Avaratra-Atsinana]] mba handresena sy hampiova finoana azy ireo ho kristiana, [114] hanoherana ny fahavalony ara-pôlitika any [[Eorôpa Andrefana]], ary hanoherana ny [[Fampianaran-diso (fivavahana)|fivavahan-diso]] (herezia) na ny fivavahana vitsy mpanaraka ao amin' ny kristianisma eorôpeana.[117]

Ny Tany Masina dia tao anatin' ny [[Empira Rômana]], ary noho izany dia tao amin' ny [[Empira Bizantina]], mandra-pahatongan' ny fananiham-bohitra nataon' ny [[Arabo (vahoaka)|Arabo]] miozolmana tamin' ny taonjato faha-7 sy faha-8. Taorian' izay, amin' ny ankapobeny dia navela hitsidika ny toerana masina maro tao amin' ny Tany Masina ny Kristiana hatramin' ny taona 1071, rehefa nanakatona ny [[fivahiniana masina]] kristiana ny [[Seljokida|Tiorka Seljokida]] sady nanafika an' i [[Bizantioma]] (na Bizansa), nandresy azy ireo tamin' ny ady tao Manzikert. Ny emperora Aleksiôsy I dia nangataka fanampiana tamin' ny papa [[Orbano II]] hanoherana ny herisetra nataon' ny Miozolmana. Azo inoana fa nanantena vola tamin’ ny papa izy mba homena mpikarama an’ ady. Raha ny tokony ho izy dia niantso an’ ireo miaramilan’ ny fiangonana kristiana i Orbano II tamin’ ny lahateny nataony tao amin’ ny Kônsilin' i Clermont tamin’ ny 27 Nôvambra 1095, ka nampifangaro ny hevitra momba ny fivahiniana masina any amin' ny Tany Masina sy ny ady masina amin' ny tsy mpino.[118]

Ny [[Kroazada voalohany]] dia nahazo an' i [[Antiôkia]] (na Antiôka) tamin' ny taona 1099 ary avy eo nahazo an' i [[Jerosalema]]. Ny [[Kroazada faharoa]] dia nitranga tamin' ny taona 1145 rehefa nalain' ny tafika silamo i Edessa. I Jerosalema dia natao hatramin' ny 1187, ary ny [[Kroazada fahatelo]], taorian' ny ady teo amin' i Richard Fon-Diona sy i Saladîna. Ny [[Kroazada fahefatra]], natombok' i [[Inôkentio III]] tamin’ ny taona 1202, dia nikasa haka indray ny Tany Masina, saingy tsy ela dia noravan’ ny Venesiana. Rehefa tonga tao [[Kônstantinôpla]] ny mpiady dia norobainy ny tanàna sy ny faritra hafa tany [[Azia Minora]] ary natsangany ny [[Empira Latinan’ i Kônstantinôpla]] tany [[Grisia]] sy tany Azia Minora. Kroazada dimy no tany amin' ny Tany Masina, izay niafara tamin' ny fanaovana fahirano an' i Acre tamin' ny taona 1219, ary namarana ny fisian' ny Tandrefana tao amin' ny Tany Masina.[119]

Notanan' ny mpiantafika nandritra ny zato taona teo ho eo i Jerosalema, fa ny tanàna mimanda hafa tany amin' ny faritr' i [[Atsinanana Akaiky]] kosa dia nijanona ela kokoa teo amin' ny maha fananan' ny Kristiana azy. Tsy nahavita nanangana fanjakana kristiana maharitra ireo kroazada tao amin’ ny Tany Masina ireo. Nijanona ho loza mitatao nandritra ny taonjato maro ny fanitaran-tany nataon' ny Miozolmana tany [[Eorôpa]], ary niafara amin' ny fanafihana maharitra nataon' i Suleiman Mamirapiratra tamin' ny taonjato faha-16. Ny kroazada tany [[Iberia]] (atao hoe ''[[Reconquista]]''), atsimon' i Italia, sy tany Sisilia dia nitarika ho amin' ny faharavàn' ny fahefana silamo tany Eorôpa. Ny [[Kroazada Albizoà]] dia nikendry ireo [[Katarisma|Katara]] [[fivadiham-pinoana]] any atsimo amin' i [[Frantsa]]; miaraka amin' ny [[Inkizisiôna]] naorina taorian' izany, dia nahomby tamin' ny fandringanana ny Katara. Ny Kroazada Wendish dia nahomby tamin' ny fandresen-dahatra sy ny famadihana an-keriny ny [[Slava (vahoaka)|Slava]] [[Paganisma|pagàna]] tany atsinanan' i [[Alemaina]] ankehitriny. Ny [[Kroazada Livôniana]], izay notanterahin' ny Teotônika Knights sy ny fikambanan' ny [[moanina]] mpiady hafa, dia nandresy sy nanova an-keriny ny [[Balta (vahoaka)|Balta]] pagàna tao [[Livônia]] sy [[Prosia]]. Na izany aza, ny Diokea Lehibe any Litoania pagàna dia nahomby tamin' ny fanoherana ny Knights ary niova finoana an-tsitrapo tamin' ny taonjato faha-14.[120]

=== Inkizisiôna tamin' ny Andro Antenatenany ===
Ny [[Inkizisiôna]] tamin' ny [[Andro Antenatenany]] dia andiana inkizisiôna (notanterahin' ny fikambanana ao amin' ny [[Eglizy katôlika rômanina|Eglizy Katôlika Rômana]] nanafoana ny hetsika kristiana noheverin' izy ireo ho [[Fampianaran-diso (fivavahana)|heretika]]) nanomboka tamin' ny taona 1184, anisan' izany ny Inkizisiôna Episkôpaly (1184–1230) ary taty aoriana ny Inkizisiôna Papaly (1230s–1240s). Izy io dia natao ho setrin' ny hetsika kristiana tao Eorôpa heverina ho [[Fivadiham-pinoana|mpivadi-pinoana]] na mivadi-pinoana amin' ny Katôlika tandrefana, indrindra ny [[Bôgômila]], [121] ny [[Katarisma|Katara]] (na Albizoà), [122] ny [[Valdisma|Valdeana]], [123] ny Begina sy Begara, [124] ny Lolara, [125] ny [[Hositisma|Hosita]], [126] ary Jiosy eorôpeana, [127] izay niely tany amin' ny Fanjakana Bolgara, [121] tao atsimo amin' i Frantsa, [122] any Italia Avaratra, [123] any Flandra sy Rhin, [124] any Angletera, [124] 125] any amin' ny tanin' ny Fanjakana Bôhemiana [126] sy ny tany maro nitambatra teo ambanin' ny Fanjakan' i Aragôna.[127] Io no hetsiky ny inkizisiôna voalohany amin' ny maro izay nanaraka tao amin' ny kristianisma eorôpeana.

=== Fielezan' ny kristianisma ===
Ny [[fitoriana ny Filazantsara]] tany [[Skandinavia]] tany am-boalohany dia notanterahan' ny [[Anglô-Saksona (vahoaka)|Anglô-Saksona]] izay efa kristiana nandritra ny asa fitoriana nataony tany amin' ny Saikinosy Skandinaviana; I Ansgar, arsevekan' i  Bremen, nomena anaram-bosotra hoe &quot;Apôstôlin' ny Avaratra&quot; no nisongadina indrindra tamin' ireo misiônera anglô-saksôna.[128] I Ansgar, teraka tany [[Amiens]], dia nirahina niaraka tamin’ ny andiana [[moanina]] nankany Jutland, any [[Danemarka]], tamin’ ny taona 820 tany ho any, tamin’ ny andron’i Harald Klak, mpanjaka mpomba ny Kristianina.[128] Nahomby ihany ilay iraka, ary niverina tany [[Alemaina]] i Ansgar roa taona tatỳ aoriana, rehefa noroahina hiala tao amin' ny fanjakany i Harald. Tamin’ ny taona 829, i Ansgar dia nankany Birka teo amin’ ny Farihin’ i Mälaren, any [[Soeda]], niaraka tamin’ i Witmar mpanampy azy, ary nisy fiangonana kely niforona tamin’ ny taona 831, izay nahitana an’ i Hergeir, mpitandrina ny mpanjaka. Niadam-pandroso anefa ny fiovam-pinoana, ary ny ankamaroan’ ny faritra skandinaviana dia lasa kristiana tanteraka tamin’ ny andron’ ny mpanapaka toa an’ i Saint Canute IV any Danemarka sy Olaf I any [[Nôrvezy]] tamin’ ny taona nanaraka ny taona 1000.

Ny fampielezana ny kristianisma tany amin' ny [[Slava (vahoaka)|Slava]] dia natomboky ny iray tamin' ireo mpiangona nahay indrindra tao Bizansa — ny patriarika Photios I avy any Kônstantinôpla. Nifidy an’ i Cyrille sy Methodius ny emperora bizantina Michael III ho valin’ ny fangatahan’ i Rastislav mpanjakan’ i [[Môravia]], izay naniry misiônera afaka miasa any amin' ny [[Môraviana (vahoaka)|Môraviana]] tamin’ ny fiteniny. Nampiasa ny [[fiteny slavônika]] teo an-toerana izy mirahalahy, ary nandika ny [[Baiboly]] sy ny boky fivavahana maro.[129] Koa satria ny fandikan-teny nomanin’ izy ireo dia nadikan’ ny mpiteny amin’ ny fitenim-paritra hafa, dia niforona ny [[fiteny slavônika tranain' ny fangonana i]]&lt;nowiki/&gt;zay fiteny safiotra nampiasaina amin' ny [[literatiora]], izay nivelatra ho [[fiteny slavônikan' ny fiangonana]] tatỳ aoriana, ary io no fiteny litorzika mahazatra mbola ampiasain’ ny Fiangonana Ôrtôdôksa Rosiana sy ny Kristianina ôrtôdôksa slava hafa. Nanohy ny fampiovam-pinoana ny [[Serba (vahoaka)|Serba]] i Methodius.[130]

I [[Bolgaria]] dia firenena [[Paganisma|pagana]] hatramin' ny niorenany tamin' ny 681 ka hatramin' ny 864, rehefa niova ho kristianina i Boris I. Sarotra ny anton' izany fanapahan-kevitra izany; ny antony lehibe indrindra dia ny hoe teo anelanelan' ny empira kristianina roa matanjaka i Bolgaria, dia i [[Bizansa]] sy i [[Frankia Atsinanana]]; ny foto-pampianarana kristiana dia nankasitraka indrindra ny toeran' ny mpanjaka amin' ny maha-solontenan' Andriamanitra azy eto an-tany, ary i Boris koa dia nahita izany ho fomba iray handresena ny tsy fitovian' ny [[Bolgara (vahoaka)|Bolgara]] sy ny Slava.[131][132] Neken’ i Kônstantinôpla tamin’ ny fomba ôfisialy ho patriarikata i Bolgaria tamin’ ny taona 927, i [[Serbia]] tamin’ ny taona 1346, ary i [[Rosia]] tamin’ ny taona 1589. Efa niova ho kristiana ela be talohan’ ireo daty ireo firenena rehetra ireo.</text>
      <sha1>r65brlddpor1vj75oijxl3698iehq29</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1047044</id>
      <parentid>1047038</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-20T10:58:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Thelezifor</username>
        <id>15140</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Nanitatra</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="101404" xml:space="preserve">Ny '''tantaran' ny kristianisma''' dia tantara mahakasika ny [[Kristianisma|fivavahana kristiana]], ny [[firenena kristiana]], ary ny [[Kristianina|Kristiana]] miaraka amin' ny antokom-pinoana kristiana samihafa, nanomboka tamin' ny [[Kristiana tamin' ny taonjato voalohany|taonjato voalohany]] ka hatramin' izao.

Ny kristianisma dia niainga tamin' ny asa fanompoana nataon' i [[Jesoa]] (na [[Jesosy]]),  izay Jiosy mpampianatra sy mpanasitrana, nanambara ny maha efa akaiky ny [[fanjakan' Andriamanitra]] ary [[Fanomboana an' i Jesoa|nohomboana]] tamin' ny [[hazo fijaliana]] tamin' ny taona 30–33 taor. J.K. tao [[Jerosalema (Andro Taloha)|Jerosalema]] tao [[Jodea]] izay faritany rômana. Mino ny mpanara-dia azy fa, araka ny [[Filazantsara]] na [[Evanjely]] dia [[Zanak'Andriamanitra (kristianisma)|Zanak' Andriamanitra]] izy ary maty ho famelan-keloka ary [[Fitsanganan' i Jesoa ho velona|natsangana tamin' ny maty]] sy nasandratr' Andriamanitra, ary hiverina tsy ho ela amin' ny fiandohan' ny fanjakan' Andriamanitra.

Ny mpanara-dia an' i Jesoa voalohany indrindra dia ireo [[Jodeô-kristianisma|Kristiana jiosy]] [[Apôkaliptisisma|apôkaliptika]]. Ny fampidirana ny [[Jentily]] na [[Jentilisa]] ao amin' ny Fiangonana kristiana voalohany izay an-dalam-pandrosoana dia niteraka fisarahana teo amin' ny [[jodaisma]] sy ny kristianisma jiosy nandritra ireo taonjato roa voalohany tamin' ny [[vanim-potoana kristiana]]. Tamin' ny taona 313, ny emperora [[Kônstantino I]] dia namoaka ny [[Didy tao Milano]] izay naha ara-dalàna ny fivavahana kristiana. Tamin' ny taona 380, niaraka tamin’ny [[Didy tao Tesalônika]] navoaka teo ambany fitarihan' i [[Teôdôsiosy I|Teôdôsiôsy I]], ny [[Empira Rômana]] dia nandray tamin' ny fomba ôfisialy ny [[Trinite|kristianisma trinitariana]] ho [[fivavaham-panjakana]], ary ny kristianisma dia nametraka ny tenany ho fivavahana rômanina nanjaka tao amin' ny Fiangonan' ny Empira Rômana. Ny adihevitra [[Kristôlôjia|kristôlôjika]] momba ny maha-olombelona sy ny maha-Andriamanitra an' i Jesoa dia nandreraka ny ny Fiangonana kristiana nandritra ny taonjato roa, ary ny [[kônsily ekiomenika]] fito dia natao mba hamahàna ireo adihevitra ireo. Nomelohina ny [[Arianisma (teôlôjia)|arianisma]] nandritra amin' ny [[Kônsily voalohany tao Nikea]] (taona 325), izay nanohana ny fampianarana momba ny Trinite izay nohazavaina tao amin' ny [[Fanekem-pinoana nikeana]].

Tany am-piandohan' ny [[Andro Antenatenany]], ny [[Fitoriana ny Filazantsara|asa fitoriana]] nataon' ny misiônera dia nampiely ny kristianisma tany Andrefana teo amin' ireo [[Jermanika|vahoaka jermanika]]. Nandritra ny [[Andro Antenatenany Ambony]] (manodidina ny taona 1000 hatramin' ny 1250) dia nisaraka ny [[Kristianisma Tatsinanana|kristianisma tatsinanana]] sy [[Kristianisma Tandrefana|kristianisma tandrefana]], ka nitarika ho amin' ny Fisarahan' ny [[Fiangonana Tatsinanana sy Tandrefana]] tamin' ny taona 1054. Nitombo ny fanakianana ny rafi-piangonana katôlika rômana sy ny fitondran-tena tao aminy ka nitarika ny hetsika prôtestanta tamin' ny taonjato faha-16 sy ny fivakisan' ny kristianisma tandrefana. Nanomboka tamin' ny vanim-potoan' ny Renaissance, miaraka amin' ny [[fanjanahan-tany]] izay nentanin' ny Fiangonana, dia niely eran' izao tontolo izao ny kristianisma. Amin' izao fotoana izao dia misy Kristiana maherin' ny 2&amp;nbsp;000 tapitrisa eran-tany, ary ny kristianisma no lasa fivavahana lehibe indrindra eran-tany. Tao anatin' ny taonjato farany, rehefa nihena ny fitaoman' ny kristianisma tany Andrefana, dia nitombo haingana izany tany Atsinanana sy tany amin' ny faritra Atsimo amin' ny Tany; any [[Repoblika Entim-Bahoakan' i Sina|Sina]], any [[Kôrea Atsimo]] ary any amin' ny ankamaroan' ny firenena aty [[Afrika atsimon' i Sahara]].

== Fiandohana ==

=== Fiaviana jiosy-helenista ===
Ny zava-nisy ara-pivavahana sy ara-tsôsialy ary ara-pôlitika tany [[Jodea]] nofehezin' ny Rômana tamin' ny taonjato voalohany sy tany amin' ireo faritany mifanolo-bodirindrina aminy dia tena samy hafa ary tsy mitsaha-mitombo ny korontana ara-tsôsialy sy ara-pôlitika, [1][22][23] miaraka amin' ny hetsika jodaika maro izay samy mahakasika ny fivavahana sy ny pôlitika. [24] I [[Flavio Jôsefa]] mpahay tantara rômana sy jiosy fahiny, dia nanoritsoritra ny amin' ny sekta efatra nisongadina indrindra tao anatin’ ny jodaisma nandritra ny vanimpotoan’ ny Tempoly Faharoa: ny [[Fariseo]] (na Fariziina), ny [[Sadoseo]] (na Sadoseana) ny [[Eseniana]], ary ny “[[Filôzôfia Fahefatra (jodaisma)|Filôzôfia Fahefatra]]” tsy fantatra anarana,[25] izay eken’ ny mpahay tantara môderna ho tsy iza fa ny [[Zelôta]] sy ny [[Sikary]] [26]. Tamin' ny taonjato voalohany tal. J.K. sy tamin' ny taonjato voalohany taor. J.K. dia nanana mpitondra fivavahana karismatika maro nandray anjara tamin' izay ho lasa mishnah ny jodaisma rabinika, anisan' izany ny olon-kendry jiosy Yohanan ben Zakkai sy Hanina ben Dosa. Ny mesianisma jiosy, sy ny foto-kevitry ny Mesia jiosy, dia avy amin' ny [[literatiora apôkaliptika]] novokarina teo anelanelan' ny taonjato faha-2 tal. J.K. sy tamin' ny taonjato voalohany tal. J.K., [27] mampanantena mpitarika &quot;voahosotra&quot; ho avy ([[mesia]] na mpanjaka) avy amin' i [[Davida (mpanjaka)|Davida]] mba hanangana ny [[Fanjakan' Andriamanitra|Fanjakan’ Andriamanitra]] israelita, ho solon’ ireo mpitondra hafa firenena tamin’ izany fotoana izany.[1]

=== Asa fanompoan' i Jesoa ===
Ny loharanom-baovao lehibe indrindra momba ny fiainan’ i [[Jesoa]] sy ny fampianarany dia ny [[Filazantsara]] (na Evanjely) kanônika efatra, ary amin’ ny ampahany kely dia ny [[Asan' ny Apôstôly|Asan’ ny Apôstôly]] sy ny [[Epistilin' i Paoly|epistilin’ i Paoly]]. Araka ny voalazan’ ny Filazantsara dia [[Zanak' Andriamanitra]] i Jesoa izay [[Fanomboana an' i Jesoa|nohomboana tamin' ny hazo fijaliana]] manodidina ny taona 30–33 taor. J.K. tany [[Jerosalema]].[1] Nino ny mpanara-dia azy fa [[Fitsanganan' i Jesoa ho velona|natsangana tamin’ ny maty]] izy ary nasandratr’ Andriamanitra, nitory ny Fanjakan’ Andriamanitra ho avy.[1]

== Kristianisma voalohany ==
Ny kristianisma voalohany (manodidina ny taona 31/33–324) amin' ny ankapobeny dia raisin’ ny mpahay tantaran’ ny fiangonana manomboka amin’ ny fanompoan’ i Jesoa (manodidina ny taona 27–30) ary nifarana tamin’ ny [[Kônsily voalohany tao Nikea]] (taona 325). Matetika izy io dia mizara ho vanim-potoana roa: ny vanim-potoana apôstôlika (taona 30–100 any ho any, fony mbola velona ny [[Apôstôly roa ambin' ny folo|Apôstôly]] voalohany) sy ny vanim-potoana ante-nikeana (taona 100–325 tany ho any).[28]

=== Andro Apôstôlika ===
Ny vanim-potoana apôstôlika dia nomena ny anaran' ny [[Apôstôly roa ambin' ny folo|Apôstôly]] sy ny asa fitoriana nataon' izy ireo. Izy io dia manana dikany manokana amin' ny lova kristiana amin' ny maha-andron' ny Apôstôlin' i Jesoa mivantana azy ireo. Loharanom-baovao voalohany ho an' ny vanim-potoanan' ny Apôstôly ny [[Asan' ny Apôstôly]], saingy niadian-kevitra ny fahamarinany ara-tantara ary ny fari-potoana voarakony dia ampahany, izay mifantoka indrindra amin' ny Asan' ny Apôstôly toko faha-15[29] hatrany amin' ny asa fanompoan' i [[Paoly (apôstôly)|Paoly]], ary nifarana tamin' ny 62 taor. J.K. tamin' ny fitorian' i Paoly tany [[Rôma Taloha|Rôma]] izay nigadrany tao an-tranomaizina.

Ny mpanara-dia an' i Jesoa voalohany indrindra dia sekta nisy ny [[Kristiana jiosy apôkaliptika]] tao anatin' ny [[jodaisman' ny Tempoly Faharoa]].[1][30][31][32][33] Ireo antokon’ olona kristiana tany am-boalohany ireo dia tena [[Jiosy]], toy ny [[Ebiônita]], [30] sy ny fiangonana kristiana voalohany tany [[Jerosalema]], izay notarihan’ i [[Jakoba ilay Marina|Jakoba Ilay Marina]], rahalahin’ i Jesoa.[34] Araka ny Asan’ ny Apôstôly toko fa-9, [35] dia nilaza ny tenany ho “mpianatry ny Tompo” sy [mpanara-dia] “ny Lalana” izy ireo, ary araka ny Asan’ ny Apôstôly toko faha-11, [36] dia ny vondron’ ny mpianatra nanorim-ponenana tany [[Antiôkia]] no nantsoina voalohany amin' ny anarana hoe “''Kristiana”''. Ny sasany tamin' ireo vondrom-piarahamonina kristiana voalohany ireo dia nahasarika an' ireo olona antsoina hoe &quot;[[Matahotra an' Andriamanitra|natahotra an' Andriamanitra]]&quot;, izany hoe ireo Grekô-Rômana niray fo tamin' ny jodaisma nefa tsy nety niova finoana ho amin' izany fivavahana izany fa nitazona ny maha [[Jentilisa]] na Jentily (tsy Jiosy, tsy Jody) azy, izay efa nitsidika [[sinagôga]] jiosy.[37][38] Niteraka olana ny fampidirana ny Jentilisa, satria tsy afaka nitandrina tsara ny [[Halakà]] izy ireo. I Saoly avy any Tarsosy, izay fantatra amin’ ny anarana hoe Paoly Apôstôly, dia nanenjika ny Kristiana jiosy tany am-boalohany, nefa niova fo taty aoriana sy nanomboka nanao ny asa nanirahana azy tany amin’ ny Jentilisa[37]. Ny tena zava-dehibe amin’ ny [[Epistilin'i Paoly|taratasin' i Paoly]] dia ny fampidirana ny Jentilisa ao amin’ ny [[Fanekem-pihavanana vaovao]]&lt;nowiki/&gt;n’ Andriamanitra, izay mandefa hafatra fa ny finoana an’ i Kristy dia ampy hahazoana ny [[famonjena]][37][39][40]. Noho io fampidirana ny Jentilisa io dia niova ny toetran' ny kristianisma voalohany ary nitombo tsikelikely ivelan' ny [[jodaisma]] nandritra ny taonjato roa voalohany amin' ny vanim-potoana kristiana.[37] Nanao tonon-tsiahy lovantsofina i Eosebio sy Epifanio avy any Salamisy, izay [[Rain' ny Fiangonana]], tamin’ ny taonjato fahefatra, fa talohan’ ny nandravana an’ i [[Jerosalema]] tamin’ ny taona 70, dia nampitandremina tamin’ ny fomba mahagaga ny Kristiana tao Jerosalema mba handositra ho any Pela, any amin’ ny faritr’ i [[Dekapôlisy]], any ampitan’ ny ony [[Jordana (ony)|Jôrdana]].[41]

Ny [[Filazantsara]] sy ny [[Epistily]] ao amin' ny [[Testamenta Vaovao]] dia mirakitra ireo fiekem-pinoana sy fihirana tany am-boalohany, ary koa ny fitantarana momba ny [[fijalian' i Jesoa]], ny [[fasana foana]] ary ny fisehoan' i Jesoa taorin' ny [[Fitsanganan' i Jesoa ho velona|fitsanganany amin' ny maty]][43]. Ny kristianisma tany am-boalohany dia niely hatrany tamin' ny mpino tao amin' ireo vahoaka [[Fiteny arameana|miteny arameana]] teny amin' ny tany manamorona ny [[Ranomasina Mediteranea]] ary koa tany amin' ny faritra afovoan' ny [[Empira Rômana]] sy tany amin' ny faritra hafa, tany amin' ny [[Empira Partiana]] sy ny [[Empira Sasaniana]] tatỳ aoriana, anisan' izany i [[Mesôpôtamia]], izay nanjakan' ireo empira ireo tamin' ny vanim-potoana samihafa.[44]

=== Vanim-potoana ante-nikeana ===
Ny vanim-potoana talohan' ny [[Kônsily voalohany tao Nikea|Kônsily tao Nikea]] (na Nisea) dia vanim-potoana taorian' ny vanim-potoana apôstôlika ka hatramin' ity [[kônsily]] ity tamin' ny taona 325. Tamin' ny fiandohan' ny vanim-potoana nikeana niely nanerana an' i [[Eorôpa Andrefana]] sy ny Lemaka Mediteraneana ary any [[Afrika Avaratra]] sy [[Afrika Atsinanana|Atsinanana]] ny finoana. Nisy rafitry ny Fiangonana ara-dalàna kokoa nipoitra avy tamin’ ireo vondrom-piarahamonina tany am-boalohany, ary nivelatra ny [[foto-pampianarana]] kristiana samihafa. Nihataka tamin’ ny [[jodaisma]] ny [[kristianisma]], ka namorona ny maha-izy azy manokana tamin’ ny alalan’ ny fandavana mafy ny jodaisma sy ny fanao jiosy.

==== Fampandrosoana ny rafi-piangonana ====
Nitombo teo amin' ny 40% teo ho eo isan-taona ny isan' ny Kristiana nandritra ny taonjato voalohany sy faharoa.[45] Tao amin' ny fiangonana taorian' ny Apôstôly dia nisy ambaratongam-pitondram-pivavahana nipoitra tsikelikely satria ny mpiandraikitra ny vahoaka kristiana an-tanàn-dehibe dia naka endrika &quot;''episkopoi''&quot; (mpiandraikitra; niandohan' ny teny hoe &quot;eveka&quot; sy &quot;episkôpaly&quot;) sy &quot;''presbyter''&quot; (loholona; niandohan' ny teny hoe &quot;pretra&quot;) ary avy eo &quot;diakon&quot; (mpanompo; niavian' ny hoe &quot;diakôna&quot; na &quot;diakra&quot;). Saingy nipoitra tsikelikely izany ary tamin' ny fotoana samihafa tany amin' ny toerana samihafa. I [[Klemento avy any Rôma|Klemento]], evekan’ i Rôma tamin’ ny taonjato voalohany, dia nanondro ny mpitarika ny fiangonana kôrintiana tao amin’ ny epistiliny ho an’ ny Kôrintiana ho &quot;eveka&quot; sy &quot;presbitera&quot; mifandimby. Ny mpanoratra ao amin' ny [[Testamenta Vaovao]] koa dia mampiasa ny teny hoe mpiandraikitra sy loholona amin' ny fifandimbiasana sy amin' ny teny mitovy hevitra.[46]

==== Kristianisma isan-karazany ====
Ny vanim-potoana ante-nikeana dia nahita ny firongatry ny sekta sy fivavahana ary hetsika kristiana marobe izay nanana toetra mampiray sy matanjaka izay tsy ampy tamin' ny vanim-potoanan' ny [[Apôstôly roa ambin' ny folo|Apôstôly]]. Samy nanana ny fomba fahazoany ny [[Baiboly]] izy ireo, indrindra fa ny momba ny foto-pampianarana teôlôjika toy ny [[Andriamanitra Zanaka|maha Andriamanitra an’ i Jesoa]] sy ny toetran’ ny [[Trinite]]. Maro amin' ny fiovaovana nisy nandritra izany fotoana izany no manohitra ny fanasokajiana tsara, satria ny endrika samihafan' ny kristianisma dia nifanerasera tamin' ny fomba sarotra mba hamoronana ny toetran' ny kristianisma mavitrika izay nisy nandritra izany vanim-potoana izany. Ny vanim-potoana taorian' ny Andro Aapôstôlika dia samy hafa na teo amin' ny finoana sy ny fanao. Ho fanampin' ny sampana midadasika amin' ny kristianisma, dia nisy fiovana tsy tapaka sy fahasamihafàna izay niteraka fifandirana teo amin' ny samy ao anatiny sy ny fananganana [[sinkretisma]].[47][48][49][50]

==== Fampandrosoana ny kanônan' ny Baiboly ====
Ny [[epistilin' i Paoly]] dia nivezivezy tamin' ny endrika voangona tamin' ny faran' ny taonjato voalohany.[51] Tany am-piandohan' ny taonjato faha-3 dia nisy andiana asa soratra kristiana mitovy amin' ny [[Testamenta Vaovao]] ankehitriny, na dia mbola nisy aza ny fifandirana momba ny maha-kanônika ny [[Epistily ho an' ny Hebreo]], ny [[Epistilin' i Jakoba]], ny [[Epistily voalohan' i Petera]], ny [[Epistily voalohan' i Joany|Epistily voalohany]] sy [[Epistily faharoan' i Joany|faharoan' i Joany]] ary ny [[Apôkalipsin' i Joany|Apôkalipsy]].[52][53] Tamin' ny taonjato faha-4, dia nisy firaisankina teo amin' ny Tandrefana momba ny kanônan' ny [[Testamenta Vaovao]], [54] ary tamin' ny taonjato faha-5 dia nanaiky ny Bokin' ny Apôkalipsy ny Atsinanana, afa-tsy ny maningana vitsivitsy, ka dia nifanaraka tamin' io raharaha io. ny kanôna.[55]

==== Asa soratra prôtô-ôrtôdôksa ====
Rehefa niely nanerana ny tanin’ ny [[Empira Rômana]] sy tany ivelan’ ny sisin-taniny ny kristianisma, dia nahazo mpikambana sasany avy amin’ ny saranga ara-tsôsialy ambony sy ny nahita fianarana tsara teo amin’ ny tontolo grika izy; lasa eveka izy ireo indraindray. Namokatra karazana asa roa izy ireo, dia ny [[teôlôjia]] sy ny [[apôlôjia]], ary ireto farany dia asa natao hiarovana ny finoana kristiana amin’ ny fampiasana ny saina sy ny [[filôzôfia]] ary ny Soratra Masina mba hanoherana ny hevitra manohitra ny fahamarinan’ ny kristianisma. Ireo mpanoratra ireo dia fantatra amin' ny anarana hoe [[Rain' ny Fiangonana]] na Aban' ny Eglizy, ary ny fandalinana ny fiainany sy ny asa sorany dia antsoina hoe [[patristika]]. Anisan' ireo Rain' ny Fiangonana voalohany malaza i Ignatiôsy avy any Antiôkia, i Pôlikarpôsy, i Jostinôsy Martira, i Ireneo, i Klemento avy any Aleksandria, i Tertoliano, ary i Ôrigenesy.

==== Zavakanton' ny Kristiana voalohany ====
Ny zavakanto sy ny maritrano kristiana tany am-boalohany dia nipoitra somary tara ary ny sary kristiana voalohany fantatra dia nipoitra tamin' ny taona 200 tany ho any, [56] na dia misy porofo avy amin' ny literatiora aza fa nampiasaina teo aloha ny sary kely an-trano. [[katakômba]], nisy tamin' ny 200 teo ho eo, ary ny sary sokitra kristiana tranainy indrindra dia avy amin' ny [[sarkôfazy]], nanomboka tamin' ny fiandohan' ny taonjato faha-3.[57] Ny fandavana ny sary tany am-boalohany, sy ny tsy maintsy hanafenana ny fanao kristiana amin' ny fanenjehana, dia namela firaketana an-tsoratra vitsivitsy momba ny kristianisma voalohany sy ny fivoarany.[57]

==== Nenjehina avy eo nekena ho ara-dalàna ====
Tsy nisy fanenjehana nanerana ny [[Empira Rômana]] ny Kristiana hatramin' ny nanjakan' i [[Dekio]] tamin' ny taonjato faha-3.[58] Ny fanenjehana farany sy mafy indrindra nokarakarain' ny manampahefana rômana dia ny fanenjehana nataon' i [[Diôkletiano]] tamin' ny taona, 303 hatramin' ny 311.[59]

Ny Didin' i Serdica dia navoaka tamin' ny 311 avy amin' ny emperora rômana Galerio, izay namarana tamin' ny fomba ôfisialy ny fanenjehana ny Kristiana tany Atsinanana. Tamin’ ny famoahana ny Didin’ i Milano (313), izay nametrahan’ ny emperora rômana [[Kônstantino Lehibe]] sy i Likinio ho ara-dalàna ny fivavahana kristiana, dia nitsahatra ny fanenjehana ny Kristiana nataon’ ny Empira Rômana[60].

Ny [[Fanjakan' i Armenia]] no firenena voalohany teto amin' izao tontolo izao nametraka ny kristianisma ho fivavaham-panjakana, rehefa, tamin' ny hetsika fanao mahazatra tamin' ny taona 301, i [[Gregôrio Mpanazava]] nandresy lahatra an' i [[Tiridatesy III]], mpanjakan' i Armenia, hiova ho Kristiana.

== Ampahany farany amin' ny Andro Taloha (325–476) ==

=== Ny fitaoman' ny emperora Kônstantino ===
Sarotra ny hamantarana hoe hatraiza ny kristianisma noraisin’ ny emperora rômana Kônstantino tamin’ io fotoana io,[61] fa ny nidirany dia kihon-dalana ho an’ ny Fiangonana kristiana. Nanohana ara-bola ny Fiangonana izy, nanorina [[bazilika]] isan-karazany, nanome tombontsoa (ohatra: fanafahana amin’ ny hetra sasany) ho an’ ny mpitondra fiangonana, nampisondrotra ny Kristiana ho amin’ ny toerana ambony sasany, ary namerina ny fananana nogiazana [62] . Nandray anjara mavitrika tamin’ ny fitarihana ny Fiangonana i Kônstantino. Tamin' ny taona 316, dia nitsara ny ady tany Afrika Avaratra momba ny adihevitra mikasika ny dônatista izy. Ny zava-dehibe kokoa, tamin' ny 325 dia nampiantso ny [[Kônsily voalohany tao Nikea|Kônsilin' i Nikea]] izy, izay [[kônsily ekiomenika]] voalohany. Noho izany dia nametraka ohatra ho an’ ny emperora izy ho tompon’ andraikitra eo anatrehan’ Andriamanitra amin’ ny fahasalamana ara-panahin’ ireo olom-peheziny, ary noho izany dia manana adidy hihazona ny ôrtôdôksia (na fampianarana marina). Izy dia tokony hampihatra ny [[foto-pampianarana]], hamongotra ny [[fivavahan-diso]], ary hanohana ny firaisan-kina ara-pivavahana[63].

Ilay mpandimby ny zanak' i Kônstantino, atao hoe Joliano, zana-drahalahiny, teo ambany fitarihan' i Mardônio mpanolo-tsaina azy, dia nandao ny kristianisma ary nandray ny endriky ny [[paganisma grika-rômana]] [[Neôplatônisma|neôplatônika]] sy mistika, izay nanafintohina ny fiorenan' ny Kristiana[64]. Niezaka namelona indray ny paganisma grika-rômana tao amin’ ny [[Empira Rômana]] izy ary nanomboka tamin’ ny fanokafana indray ny tempolin’ izany fivavahana izany, ka nanova azy ireo hitovy amin’ ny fomba kristiana, toy ny [[rafitra episkôpaly]] sy ny fiantrana ampahibemaso (izay tsy fantatra teo amin’ ny fivavahana grika-rômana). Nifarana ny fotoana fohy nanjakan’ i Joliano rehefa maty tamin’ ny ady tamin’ ny [[Persia|Persiana]] izy (363).

=== Ny arianisma sy ny kônsily ekiomenika voalohany ===
Ny fotopampianaran' ny [[kristôlôjia]] manohitra ny [[Trinite]] malaza, izay niely nanerana ny [[Empira Rômana]] nanomboka tamin' ny taonjato faha-4, dia ny [[Arianisma (teôlôjia)|arianisma]], [65] [66] naorin' ny presbitera kristiana [[Ariosy]] avy any Aleksandria, any Egipta, izay nampianatra fa i [[Jesoa|Jesoa Kristy]] dia zavaboary miavaka sy ambany noho [[Andriamanitra Ray]].[65][66]

Na dia nohelohina ho [[fivavahan-diso]] aza ny fampianaran' i Ariosy ka nesorin’ ny Fiangonana tao amin’ ny Empira Rômana tamin’ ny farany, dia nalaza hatrany ivelan' ny tanin' ilay empira izy io nandritra ny fotoana elaela. Tamin' ny faramparan' ny taonjato faha-4, i Olfila, eveka rômana mpomba ny arianisma, no voatendry ho misiônera kristiana voalohany tany amin' ny [[Gôty (vahoaka)|Gôty]], [[vahoaka jermanika]] tany amin' ny ampahany be amin' i [[Eorôpa]] teo amin' ny sisin-tany sy tao anatin' ny Empira Rômana.[65][66] I Olfila dia nampiely ny arianisma teo amin' ny Gôty, nampiorina mafy ny finoana teo amin' ny foko jermanika maro, ka nanampy azy ireo hitoetra tsy hitovy amin' ny kolontsaina sy ny fivavahan' ny [[Kristianisma kalkedôniana|Kristiana kalkedôniana]].[65][66][67]

Nandritra io vanim-potoana io, dia natao ny [[kônsily ekiomenika]] voalohany. Niadian-kevitra ny fifandirana ara-pinoana sy ara-pivavahana. Ny [[Kônsily voalohany tao Nikea]] (taona 325) sy ny [[Kônsily voalohany tao Kônstantinôpla]] (taona 381) dia niafara tamin’ ny fanamelohana ny arianisma ho fivavahan-diso ary namoaka ny [[Fanekem-pinoana nikeana]].

=== Ny kristianisma lasa fivavaham-panjakana rômana ===
Tamin' ny 27 Febroary 380, tamin' ny alàlan' ny Didin' i Tesalônika navoaka teo ambany fahefàn' i [[Teôdôsio I]] sy i Gratiano ary i [[Valentiniano II]], ny [[Empira Rômana]] dia nandray tamin' ny fomba ôfisialy ny [[kristianisma trinitariana]] ho [[fivavaham-panjakana]]. Talohan’ io daty io, i [[Kônstantio II]] sy i [[Valentio]] dia nankasitraka manokana ny kristianisma ariana na semi-ariana, saingy i Teôdôsio I, mpandimby an’ i Valentio, dia nanohana ny fampianarana momba ny [[Trinite]], araka ny nohazavaina tao amin’ ny Fiekem-pinoana nikeana.

Taorian' ny niorenany, ny Fiangonana dia nandray ny sisin-tanin' ny fandaminana mitovy amin' ny an' ny empira: faritany ara-jeôgrafia, antsoina hoe [[diôsezy]], mifanitsy amin' ny fizarazaran' ny governemantan' ny empira. Ny [[eveka]], izay nipetraka tao amin' ny tanàna lehibe toy ny tamin' ny fomba mahazatra talohan' ny lalàna, dia nanara-maso ny diôsezy tsirairay. Tamin’ ireo fari-piadidian' ny eveka ireo, dia nisy dimy lasa nitana toerana ambony: i [[Rôma]], i [[Kônstantinôpla]], i [[Jerosalema]], i [[Antiôkia]] (na Antiôka), ary i [[Aleksandria]]. Niankina tamin’ ny [[Apôstôly roa ambin' ny folo|Apôstôly]] mpanorina azy ireo ny lazan’ ny ankamaroan’ ireo toerana ireo, ka ny eveka no mpandimby ara-panahy. Na dia mbola noheverina ho voalohany teo amin’ ireo mitovy aminy aza ny evekan’ i Rôma, dia i Kônstantinôpla no laharana faharoa tamin’ ny maha-renivohitra vaovaon’ ilay empira azy.

Namoaka didy i [[Teôdôsio I]] fa ireo izay tsy mino ny &quot;lovam-pampianarana mahatoky&quot;, toy ny [[Trinite]], dia tokony hoheverina ho mpanao [[fivavahan-diso]] tsy ara-dalàna, [68] ary tamin' ny 385, izany no nahatonga ny Fanjakana ho voalohany, fa tsy ny Fiangonana, nanao fanasaziana ho faty ny [[Fivadiham-pinoana|mpivadi-pinoana]], dia i Priskiliano.[69][70]

=== Ny Fiangonan' ny Atsinanana sy ny Empira Sasaniana ===
Nandritra ny fiandohan' ny taonjato faha-5, ny Sekolin' i Edesa dia nampianatra fomba fijery [[Kristôlôjia|kristôlôjika]] izay milaza fa ny maha Andriamanitra sy ny maha olombelona an' i Kristy dia midika fa olona miavaka izy. Ny vokany manokana amin’ io fomba fijery io dia ny hoe tsy azo antsoina ho [[Renin' Andriamanitra|Renin’ Andriamanitra]] i [[Maria (renin' i Jesoa)|Maria]] fa azo raisina ho [[Renin’ i Kristy]] ihany. Ny mpomba an' io fomba fijery io malaza indrindra dia ny patriarkan' i Kônstantinôpla antsoina hoe [[Nestôriôsy]]. Hatramin' ny niantsoana an' i Maria ho Renin' Andriamanitra dia nanjary nalaza tany amin' ny faritra maro tao amin' ny Fiangonana ka nanjary olana mampisara-bazana izany.

Nangataka ny hanaovana ny [[Kônsilin' i Efesôsy]] (431) i [[Teôdôsio II]], emperora rômana, mba handaminana ilay raharaha. Nolavin' ny kôsily tamin' ny farany ny hevitr' i Nestôriôsy. Nisaraka tamin’ ny Eglizy Rômana ny fiangonana maro nanaraka ny fomba fijerin’ ny Nestôriana, ka niteraka fisarahana lehibe izany. Nesorina ny fiangonana nestôriana, ary maro ny mpanara-dia nandositra nankany amin’ ny [[Empira Sasanida]] (Persiana) izay nanaiky izany. Ny Empira Sasanida dia nanana Kristianina niova fo maro tany am-piandohan' ny tantarany, nifamatotra akaiky tamin' ny sampana siriakan' ny kristianisma. [[Zôrôastrisma|Zôrôastriana]] tamin' ny fomba ôfisialy ny Empira Sasanida ary nifikitra mafy tamin' io finoana io, amin' ny ampahany mba hanavahany ny tenany amin' ny fivavahan' ny [[Empira Rômana]] (ny [[paganisma grika-rômana]] tany am-boalohany ary avy eo ny kristianisma). Nanjary noleferina ny kristianisma tao amin' ny Empira Sasanida, ary rehefa nihamaro ny [[Fivadiham-pinoana|mpivadi-pinoana]] vokatry ny nataon' ny Empira Rômana nandritra ny taonjato faha-4 sy faha-6, dia nitombo haingana ny vondrom-piarahamonina kristiana sasaniana.[71] Tamin' ny faran' ny taonjato faha-5 dia niorina mafy ny Fiangonana Persiana ary nanjary nahaleo tena tamin' ny Fiangonana Rômana. Io fiangonana io dia nivoatra ka lasa ilay antsoina ankehitriny hoe [[Fiangonan' ny Atsinanana]].

Tamin' ny taona 451, ny [[Kônsilin' i Kalkedôna]] dia natao mba hanazavana bebe kokoa ny olana ara-[[kristôlôjia]] manodidina ny [[nestôrianisma]]. Ny kônsily tamin' ny farany dia nanambara fa ny maha Andriamanitra sy ny maha olombelona an' i Kristy dia misaraka fa samy ao anatin' ny singa iray, fomba fijery nolavin' ny fiangonana maro izay niantso ny tenany ho [[Miafizisma|miafizita]] izany. Niteraka fiandanian' ny fiangonana izany fisarahana izany, anisan' izany ny Fiangonana Armeniana sy Siriana ary Ejipsiana[72] Na dia nisy ezaka natao tamin’ ny fampihavanana aza nandritra ny taonjato vitsivitsy nanaraka, dia nitohy hatrany ny fisarahana, ka niteraka ilay antsoina ankehitriny hoe Ôrtôdôksa Tatsinanana.

=== Mônastisisma ===
Ny [[mônastisisma]] dia ny fanaon' ny olona izay miala amin' ny fikatsahana izao tontolo izao ary mandeha irery ho mpitoka-monina (hermita) na miditra amin' ny vondrom-piarahamonina voalamina tsara. Nanomboka tany am-boalohany tao amin’ ny Fiangonana kristiana izy io tamin’ ny maha fianakaviana nanana fanao ifandovana mitovy amin’ izany, nalaina tamin’ ny ohatra sy foto-kevitra araka ny [[Soratra Masina]], ary avy amin’ ny fakan' ny sasany tahaka ny [[jodaisma]]. I [[Joany mpanao batisa|Joany Mpanao Batisa]] no noheverina ho [[moanina]] (na monka) môdely voalohany, ary ny mônastisisma dia nentanin' ny fandaminana tao amin' ny vondrom-piarahamonin' ny [[Apôstôly roa ambin' ny folo|Apôstôly]] araka ny voarakitra ao amin' ny [[Asan' ny Apôstôly]] (Asa 2:42–47).[73]

Mpanoratra kristiana malaza tamin' ny tapany farany amin' ny [[Andro Taloha]] toa an' i [[Ôrigenesy avy any Aleksandria|Ôrigenesy]], i Hierônimôsy (na Jerôma), i Joany Krisôstôma, ary i Aogostino avy any Hipôna, no nandika ny hevitry ny lahatsoratra ao amin' ny [[Baiboly]] tao anatin' ny tontolom-pivavahana feno fanavakavahana.[74] Ny ohatra ara-Baiboly momba ny [[asketisma]] dia hita teo amin' ny fiainan' i Joany Mpanao Batisa, i [[Jesoa|Jesoa Kristy]], ny Apôstôly roa ambin' ny folo ary i [[Paoly (apôstôly)|Paoly Apôstôly]].[74] Nahariharin’ ny [[Horonan-tsoratry ny Ranomasina Maty]] ny fanaon’ ny [[Eseniana]], sekta jiosy fahiny, izay nivoady fa hifady hanomanana ady masina. Ny fanantitranterana ny fiainana ara-pivavahana asketika dia hita tao amin' ny asa soratra kristiana voalohany (jereo: [[Filôkalia]]) sy ny fanao tamin' izany fotoana izany (jereo: [[hesikasma]]). Anisan' ireo mpivavaka kristianina hafa amin' ny asketisma ny olo-masina toa an' i Paoly Hermita, i Simeôna Stilita, i Davida avy any Valesa, i Joany avy any Damaskôsy, ary i Fransisko avy any Assise.[74]

Ny Tany efitr' i [[Afovoany Atsinanana]] dia nisy fotoana nonenan' ny lehilahy sy vehivavy kristiana asketika sy hermita ary ankôrita an' arivony, [75] anisan' izany i Md Antôniôsy Lehibe (fantatra amin' ny anarana hoe Md Antôniôsy avy any an' Efitra), Mb Maria avy any Ejipta, ary Md Simeôna Stilita, fantatra amin' ny anarana hoe [[Rain' ny Taniefitra]] sy [[Renin' ny Taniefitra]]. Tamin' ny taona 963 dia niforona ny fikambanan' ny [[mônastera]] antsoina hoe Lavra teo amin' ny [[Tendrombohitra Athos]], araka ny lovantsofina ôrtôdôksa tatsinanana.[76] Io no ivon-toerana manan-danja indrindra amin' ireo antokon' olona asketika kristiana ôrtôdôksa nandritra ny taonjato maro nanaraka.[76] Amin' izao vanim-potoana môderina izao, ny Tendrombohitra Athos sy Meteora dia nitoetra ho foibe manan-danja lehibe.[77]

Miaina irery ny moanina ermita na hermita, fa ny kenôbitika kosa dia miaina ao anaty vondrom-piarahamonina, amin' ny ankapobeny ao amin' ny mônastera, eo ambanin' ny fitsipika (na fitsipika fanao) ary fehezin' ny abôta. Tany am-boalohany, ny moanina kristiana rehetra dia mpitolona, ​​nanaraka ny ohatr’ i Antôniôsy Lehibe. Na izany aza, ny filana endrika fitarihana ara-panahy voalamina dia nitarika an' i Pakômiôsy tamin' ny taona 318 mba handamina ny mpanara-dia azy maro ho lasa monastera voalohany. Tsy ela dia nisy andrim-pandaminana toy izany naorina nanerana ny tany efitr’ i Ejipta sy ny sisa tamin’ ny tapany atsinanan’ ny [[Empira Rômana]]. Tena nahasarika ny vehivavy izany hetsika izany.[78] Isan' ny ivon' ny fampandrosoana ny mônastisisma dia i Basiliôsy Lehibe any Atsinanana ary, any Andrefana, i Benedikto (na Benoà), namorona ny Fitsipik' i Md Benedikto, izay ho lasa fitsipika mahazatra indrindra mandritra ny Andro Antenatenany sy ny fiandohan' ny fitsipika mônastika hafa. [79]

== Tapany voalohany amin' ny Andro Antenatenany (476–842) ==
Ny tetezamita mankany amin' ny fiandohan' ny [[Andro Antenatenany]] dia dingana tsikelikely sy isan-toerana. Nitombo ny faritra ambanivohitra noho ny tobim-pamokarana raha nihena ny tanàn-dehibe. Na dia betsaka kokoa aza ny Kristiana nijanona tany Atsinanana (faritra grika), dia nisy fivoarana lehibe teo amin’ ny Tandrefana (faritra latina), ary samy nanana endrika miavaka. Ny evekan’ i Rôma nifandimby, izany hoe ny [[papa]], dia voatery nampifanaraka tamin’ ny toe-javatra niova be. Tsy nifikitra afa-tsy tamin’ ny emperora izy ireo, ka voatery nifampiraharaha tamin’ ny “mpanapaka barbarianina” tany amin’ ny faritany rômana rehetra taloha. Tany Atsinanana, ny Fiangonana dia nitazona ny rafitra sy ny toetrany ary nivoatra tsikelikely.

=== Fanitarana nataon' ny misiônera tandrefana ===
Nifanindry tamin' ny ezaka misiônera tany am-boalohany tany amin' ny faritra tsy voafehin' ny fanjakana nirodana ny famoizana tsikelikely ny fanjakan' ny [[Empira Rômana Tandrefana]], izay nosoloina ny fanjakana federaly sy jermanika.[80] Tany am-piandohan' ny taonjato faha-5, ny asa misiônera avy any [[Britaina Lehibe]] nofehezin' ny Rômana ho any amin' ny faritra seltika ([[Ekôsy]] sy [[Irlandy]] ary [[Valesa]]) dia namokatra fomba fanao nifaninana tamin' ny kristianisma seltika, izay naverina teo ambany fifehezan' ny Fiangonana tany Rôma tatỳ aoriana. Ny misiônera nalaza tany [[Eorôpa Avaratra-Andrefana]] tamin’ izany fotoana izany dia ny olo-masina kristiana Patrick sy Columba ary Columbanus. Ny vahoaka anglô-saksôna izay nanafika an' i Britaina Lehibe atsimo, fotoana fohy taorian' ny nandaozan' ny Rômana dia mpanaraka ny paganisma tamin' ny voalohany, saingy nampiova fo ho amin' ny kristianisma tamin' ny alalan' i Aogostino avy any Canterbéry noho ny asa nanirahana ny papa [[Gregôrio Lehibe]]. Tsy ela dia lasa foiben' ny misiônera, ny misiônera toa an' i Wilfrid sy i Willibrord sy i Lullus ary i Boniface dia nampiova fo ny havany [[Saksôna (vahoaka)|Saksôna]] tany Jermania.

Ny ankamaroan' ny Kristiana galô-rômana monina any [[Galia]] ([[Frantsa]] sy [[Belzika]] ankehitriny) dia resin' ny [[Franka (vahoaka)|Franka]] tamin' ny fiandohan' ny taonjato faha-5. Nenjehina ny tompon-tany mandra-piovan’ ny mpanjaka Francis Clovis I avy amin’ ny [[paganisma]] ho amin’ ny fivavahana katôlika rômana, tamin’ ny taona 496. Nanizingizina i Clovis fa hanaraka an’ izany ireo andriana namany, ka nanamafy ny fanjakany vao niorina tamin’ ny fampiraisana ny finoan’ ny mpitondra sy ny an’ ny vahoaka [81]. Taorian’ ny nipoiran’ ny Fanjakana Franka sy ny toe-draharaha ara-pôlitika nilamina, dia nampitombo ny asan’ ny misiônera ny tapany andrefana tamin’ ny Fiangonana, izay notohanan’ ny tarana-mpanjaka [[merôvinjiana]] ho fitaovana hampitoniana ny mponina manodidina sahirana. Taorian' ny nanorena fiangonana iray tao Utrecht nataon' i Willibrord, dia nitranga ny fihenjanana rehefa nandrava foibe kristiana maro ny mpanjaka frisiana Radbod teo anelanelan' ny taona 716 sy 719. Tamin' ny taona 717, i Boniface, misiônera anglisy, dia nalefa hanampy an' i Willibrord, nanangana indray ny fiangonana rehetra tany Frisia ary nanohy ny asa fitoriana any Jermania.[81] Nandritra ny faramparan' ny taonjato faha-8, dia nanao famonoana faobe i [[Charlemagne]] mba handresena ny Saksôna mpanaraka ny paganisma sy hanerena azy ireo hanaiky ny kristianisma [82].

=== Kalifata Rasidona ===
Koa satria ny Kristiana dia heverina ho &quot;[[Olon' ny Boky]]&quot; ao amin' ny [[Silamo|fivavahana silamo]], ny Kristianina teo ambany fitondran' ny Miozolmana dia niharan' ny satan' ny ''dhimmi'' (miaraka amin' ny [[Jiosy]], ny [[Samaritana]], ny [[Gnôstisisma|Gnôstika]], ny [[Mandeisma|Mandeana]], ary ny [[Zôrôastrisma|Zôrôastriana]]), izay ambany noho ny satan' ny Miozolmana. [83][84][85] Niatrika fanavakavahana ara-pivavahana sy fanenjehana noho izany ny Kristianina sy ny antokom-pivavahana vitsy madinika vokatry ny fandrarana azy ireo tsy hitahita ny olona hiova finoana (ho an’ ny Kristianina dia voarara ny mitory ny filazantsara na manaparitaka ny kristianisma) tany amin’ ireo tany azon’ ny [[Arabo (vahoaka)|Arabo]] miozolmana noho ny fanaintainan’ ny fahafatesana, voarara tsy hitondra fitaovam-piadiana, nanao asa sasany, ary voatery nanao fitafiana hafa izy ireo mba hampiavaka ny tenany amin' ny Arabo[84] . Teo ambanin' ny [[lalàna silamo]] (''sharīʿa''), ny tsy Miozolmana dia voatery nandoa ny hetra atao hoe ''jizya'' sy ''kharaj'', [83][84][85] miaraka amin' ny vidim-panavotana mavesatra ara-potoana nalain' ny mpitondra miozolmana amin' ny vondrom-piarahamonina kristiana mba hamatsiana ny fanafihana ara-miaramila mitohy. Tamin' izany dia nitondra ampahany betsaka amin' ny fidiram-bola ho an' ny fanjakana silamo sy nampahantra Kristiana maro, ary ireo fahasahiranana ara-bola sy ara-tsôsialy ireo dia nanery ny Kristiana maro hivadika ho miozolmana.[84] Ireo Kristiana tsy afaka nandoa ireo hetra ireo dia voatery nanolotra ny zanany ho an' ireo mpitondra miozolmana izay hivarotra azy ireo ho andevo ho an' ny tokantrano miozolmana na voatery hivadika ho Miozolmana.[84]

Araka ny fomban' ny [[Fiangonana Ôrtôdôksa Siriaka]], ny fandresen' ny Miozolmana any [[Ampiposahana (faritra)|Ampiposahana]] dia fanamaivanana ho an' ireo Kristiana ampahorian' ny [[Empira Rômana Tandrefana]][85]. Mikaela Siriana, patriarika tany [[Antiôkia]], dia nanoratra tatỳ aoriana fa ny Andriamanitry ny Kristiana dia “nanandratra ny zanak’ i Ismaela avy tany atsimo mba hanafaka antsika amin’ ny tanan’ ny Rômana”[85]. Ny vondrom-piarahamonina kristiana isan-karazany any amin' ny faritr' i [[Palestina (faritra)|Palestina]] sy [[Siria (faritra)|Siria]] sy [[Libanona (faritra)|Libanona]] ary [[Armenia (faritra)|Armenia]] dia nankahala ny fitondran' ny Empira Rômana Tandrefana na ny an' ny [[Empira Bizantina]], ka noho izany dia naleony niaina tao anatin' ny toe-javatra ara-toekarena sy ara-pôlitika tsara kokoa noho ny ''dhimmi'' teo ambany fitondran' ny Miozolmana.[85] Na izany aza, ny mpahay tantara môderna dia manaiky ihany koa fa ny vahoaka kristiana monina any amin' ireo tany azon' ny tafika arabo miozolmana teo anelanelan' ny taonjato faha-7 sy faha-10 dia niharan' ny fanenjehana sy herisetra ara-pivavahana ary fahafatesana maritiora imbetsaka teo am-pelan-tanan' ny manampahefana sy mpanapaka miozolomana arabo [85]. ][86][87][88] maro no novonoina teo ambanin' ny fanamelohana ho faty araka ny lalàna islamika noho ny fiarovana ny finoana kristiana tamin' ny alalan' ny hetsika fanoherana mahery vaika toy ny fandavana ny hiova finoana ho miozolmana, ny fandavana ny fivavahana silamo ary ny fiverenana amin' ny kristianisma avy eo, ary ny fitenenan-dratsy ny [[Allah|Andriamanitry ny finoana silamo]].[86][87][88]

=== Kalifata Ômeiada ===
Araka ny Sekoly Ḥanafī momba ny lalàna silamo (''sharīʿa''), ny fijoroana vavolombelona ataon' ny tsy Miozolmana (toy ny Kristiana na Jiosy) dia tsy noheverina ho manan-kery manoloana ny fijoroana vavolombelona ataon' ny Miozolmana amin' ny raharaha ara-dalàna na sivily. Ara-tantara, ao amin' ny kolontsaina miozolmana sy ny lalàna silamo nentim-paharazana, dia voarara ny vehivavy miozolmana tsy hanambady lehilahy kristiana na jiosy, fa ny lehilahy miozolmana kosa dia navela hanambady vehivavy kristiana na jiosy[89][90] (jereo ny: [[fanambadiana iraisam-pinoana ao amin' ny silamo]]). Ny Kristiana teo ambany fitondran' ny Miozolmana dia nanana zo hivadika ho miozolmana na fivavahana hafa, raha mifanohitra amin' izany kosa ny ''murtad'', na mpivadi-pinoana amin' ny silamo, dia nahazo sazy henjana na ''hadd'' mihitsy aza, izay mety ahitana ny fanamelohana ho faty araka ny lalàna islamika.[86][87][88] ]

Amin' ny ankapobeny, ny Kristiana teo ambany fitondrana islamika dia navela hanatanteraka ny fivavahany miaraka amin' ny fetra miavaka sasany avy amin' ny Dina apôkrifan' i Umar. Io fifanarahana io, izay heverina fa natao tamin’ ny taona 717, dia nandrara ny Kristiana tsy hampiseho ampahibemaso ny [[hazo fijaliana]] teo amin’ ny trano fiangonany, tsy hiantso ny mpiangona hivavaka amin’ ny alalan' ny lakolosy, tsy hanorina indray na hanamboatra fiangonana sy [[mônasitera]] taorian’ ny fandravana na fahasimbana, ary nametraka fameperana hafa mifandraika amin' ny asa sy fitafiana ary fitaovam-piadiana[91] Nanenjika Kristiana berbera maro ny Kalifata Omeiada tamin' ny taonjato faha-7 sy faha-8, ka niova tsikelikely ho amin' ny finoana silamo ireo Kristiana ireo.[92]

Tany Umayyad al-Andalus (ao amin' ny [[Saikinosy Iberiana]]), ny sekolin' ny lalàna islamika Malikī no tena nanjaka.[87] Ny fahafatesan' ny maritiora kristiana valo amby efapolo izay nitranga tao amin' ny Emiratan' i Córdoba teo anelanelan' ny taona 850 sy 859[93] dia voarakitra ao amin' ny trakta hagiôgrafika nosoratan' i Eulogius avy any Córdoba, Kristiana iberiana sy latinista manam-pahaizana.[86][87][88]. ] Novonoina teo ambany fitondran' i Abd al-Rahman II sy Muhammad I ireo maritiora tao Córdoba ireo, ary ny hagiôgrafian' i Eulogius dia miresaka amin' ny antsipiriany ny famonoana ny maritiora noho ny fanitsakitsahana ny lalàna islamika, anisan' izany ny [[fivadiham-pinoana]] sy ny fitenenan-dratsy ([[blasfemia]]).[86][87][86] 88]

=== Kalifata Abasida ===
Mpahay siansa kristiana tatsinanana sy manam-pahaizana momba ny tontolo islamika tamin' ny [[Andro Antenatenany]] (indrindra fa ny Kristiana jakôbita sy nestôriana) dia nandray anjara tamin' ny sivilizasiôna arabo silamo nandritra ny fitondran' ny Omaiada sy ny Abasida, tamin' ny fandikana ny sangan' asan' ny filôzôfa grika ho amin' ny [[Fiteny siriaka|teny siriaka]] ary taorian' izay, tamin' ny [[Fiteny arabo|teny arabo]].[94] [95][96] Nahay [[filôzôfia]], [[siansa]], [[teôlôjia]] ary fitsaboana koa izy ireo.[97][98][99] Ary ny mpitsabo manokana ny kalifa abasida dia matetika Kristiana asiriana toy ny tarana-mpanjaka Bukhtishu naharitra ela.

Ny kalifa abasida dia tsy nandefitra loatra tamin' ny kristianisma raha oharina tamin' ireo kalifa omaiada[85]. Na izany aza, dia nanohy niasa tao amin' ny governemanta ny manam-pahefana kristiana, ary matetika ny Kristiana ao amin' ny Fiangonan' ny Tatsinanana no nandika ny [[filôzôfia grika]] fahiny sy ny [[matematika]] grika.[85] Ny asa soratr' i al-Jahiz dia nandresy ny Kristiana noho ny fanambinana loatra, ary nilaza fa afaka tsy miraharaha na dia ireo fameperana napetraky ny fanjakana aza [85]. Tamin' ny faramparan' ny taonjato faha-9, ny patriarkan' i Jerosalema, Theodosius, dia nanoratra tamin' ny mpiara-miasa aminy, ilay patriarkan' i Kônstantinôpla Ignatios, fa &quot;marina izy ireo ary tsy manisy ratsy antsika na mampiseho herisetra amintsika&quot;.[85]

I Elias avy any Heliôpôlisy, rehefa nifindra tany [[Damaskôsy]] (na Damasy) avy any [[Heliôpôlisy]] (Ba'albek), dia voampanga ho nivadi-pinoana tamin' ny kristianisma rehefa avy nanatrika fety nokarakarain' ny Arabo mozolmana iray, ary voatery nandositra an' i Damaskôsy ho any amin' ny tanàna niaviany, ary niverina valo taona taty aoriana, izay nisy azy. ekena sy nogadrain' ny &quot;eparka&quot;, angamba ilay mpahay lalàna al-Layth ibn Sa'd.[100]: 34  Rehefa avy nandà ny hivadika ho miozolmana izy, na dia nampijalina, dia nentina teo anatrehan' ny emira Damaskena sady havan' ny kalifa al-Mahdi (manodidina ny taona 775–785), Muhammad ibn-Ibrahim, izay nampanantena fitondrana tsara raha hiova fo i Elias.[100]: 34  Tamin’ ny fandavany imbetsaka, dia nampijalina sy notapahin-doha i Elias ary nodorana ny vatany, notapahana ary natsipy tany amin’ ny renirano Chrysorrhoes. (ny Barada) tamin’ ny taona 779 [100]: 34

Araka ny voalazan' i Synaxarion avy any Kônstantinôpla, ny hegômenôsy Michael avy any Zobe sy ny [[moanina]] enina amby telopolo tao amin' ny Mônasteran' i Zobe akaikin' i Sebasteia (Sivas) dia novonoina tamin' ny fanafihana ny vondrom-piarahamonina. ny Hagarenes&quot;, &quot;Alim&quot;, angamba i Ali ibn-Sulayman, governora abasida izay nanafika ny faritanin' ny Rômana tamin' ny taona 785. I Bacchus dia Palestiniana, izay ny fianakaviany, kristiana, dia niova fo ho amin' ny finoana silamo ny rainy.[100]: 29–30  i Bacchus anefa dia nijanona ho [[kriptô-kristiana]] ary nanao fivahiniana masina tany Jerosalema, izay natao [[batisa]] (na batemy) sy niditra tao amin' ny mônastera. an' i Mar Saba.[100]: 29–30  Ny fihaonany sy ny fianakaviany dia nahatonga azy ireo hiverina ho kristiana indray ary ny fitsarana sy ny famonoana an' i Bacchus noho ny fivadiham-pinoana teo ambany fitondran' ny emira Harthama ibn A'yan.[100]: 29–30

Taorian' ny fanaovam-pahirano an' i Amorium tamin' ny taona 838, tanàna niavian' ny emperora Theophilos (r. 829–842) sy ny tarana-mpanjaka amôriana, ny kalifa al-Mu'tasim (manodidina ny taona 833–842) dia nitondra babo rômana maherin' ny efapolo [100]: 41–42  Nentina tany Samarra renivohitra izy ireo, ary taorian’ ny fito taona nisian’ ny adihevitra ara-teôlôjia sy ny fandavana ny hivadika ho miozolmana, dia novonoina ho faty izy ireo tamin’ ny vola a Marsa 845 teo ambany fitondran’ ny kalifa al-Wathiq (manodidina ny taona 842–847).[ 100]: 41–42  Tao anatin' ny taranaka iray dia nohajaina ho maritiora 42 tao Amorium izy ireo. Araka ny filazan' i Euodius, hagiôgrafan' izy ireo, izay angamba nanoratra tao anatin' ny taranaka iray nisy ny zava-nitranga, dia i Theophilos sy ny [[ikônôklasma]] no nahatonga ny faharesena tao Amorium. mpanoratra fantatra amin' ny anarana hoe Michael avy any Synkellos, anisan' ireo roa amby efapolo i Kallistos, ilay Malemy Fanahy an' ny thema Kôlôneiana, ary ilay maritiora mahery fo Theodore Karteros.[100]: 41–42

Nandritra ny [[ady nifanaovan' ny Arabo sy ny Bizantina]] tamin' ny taonjato faha-10, ny fandresen' ny Rômana ny Arabo dia niafara tamin' ny fanafihan' ny vahoaka ny Kristiana, izay noheverina fa niray fo tamin' ny [[Empira Rômana]].[85] Araka ny voalazan' i Bar Hebraeus, Katôlika tao amin' ny [[Fiangonan' ny Atsinanana]], i Abraham III (manodidina ny taona 906–937), dia nanoratra tamin' ny [[viziry lehibe]] hoe: &quot;isika Nestôriana dia naman' ny Arabo sady mivavaka ho an' ny fandreseny&quot;. Ny fihetsiky ny [[Nestôrianisma|Nestôriana]] “izay tsy manana mpanjaka hafa afa-tsy ny Arabo”, dia nampifanohitra tamin’ ny Fiangonana Ôrtôdôksa Grika, izay nolazainy fa “tsy nitsahatra niady tamin’ ny Arabo ny emperorany [85] Teo anelanelan’ ny taona 923 sy 924 rava ny fiangonana tao anatin' ny herisetran' ny vahoaka tao Ramla, Askelôna sy tao Kaisarea Maritima, ary [[Damaskôsy]].[85] Isaky ny tranga, araka ny filazan' i Eutychius, mpanoratra tantara kristiana sady arabo melkita avy any [[Aleksandria]], ny kalifa al-Muqtadir (manodidina ny taona 908–932) dia nandray anjara tamin' ny ady. fanorenana indray ny fananan’ ny Fiangonana.[85]

=== Ikônôklasma bizantina ===
Taorian' ny andian-tafika mahery vaika nanohitra ny Miozolmana, dia nipoitra tao amin' ny tanin' ny [[Empira Bizantina]] ny ikônôklasma tamin' ny fiandohan' ny taonjato faha-8. Tamin' ny taona 720, ny emperora bizantina Leo III Isaurian dia nandrara ny fanehoana an-tsary an' i Kristy sy ny olo-masina ary ny seho ara-Baiboly. Tany Latina Andrefana, ny papa [[Gregôrio III]] dia nanao sinôda roa tany [[Rôma]] ary nanameloka ny nataon’ i Leo. Ny Filankevitry ny ikônôklasta bizantina, natao tao Hieria tamin' ny taona 754, dia nanapa-kevitra fa ny sary masina dia [[fivadiham-pinoana]].[101] Ny hetsika ikônôklastika dia nandrava ny ankamaroan' ny tantaran' ny zavakanto voalohany tao amin' ny Fiangonana kristiana. Ny hetsika ikônôklastika taty aoriana dia noheverina ho [[Fampianaran-diso (fivavahana)|heretika]] tamin' ny taona 787 teo ambanin' ny [[Kônsily faharoa tao Nikea|Kônsily faharoan' i Nikea]] ([[kônsily ekiomenika]] fahafito) saingy nisy fitsanganana vetivety teo anelanelan' ny taona 815 sy 842.

== Andro Antenatenany Ambony (800–1299) ==

=== Renaissance Karôlinjiana ===
Ny Renaissance Karôlinjiana dia vanim-potoana fifohazana ara-tsaina sy ara-kolontsaina momba ny [[literatiora]] sy ny [[zavakanto]] ary ny fandalinana [[Soratra Masina]] nandritra ny faramparan' ny taonjato faha-8 sy faha-9 teo ambany fitondran' ny tarana-mpanjaka karôlinjiana, indrindra tamin' ny fotoana nanjakan' ny mpanjaka [[Franka (vahoaka)|franka]] [[Charlemagne]], mpanorina sy emperora voalohany tao amin' ny [[Empira Karôlinjiana]], sy ny zanany lahy, Louis Tia Vavaka. Mba hamahana ny olan’ ny tsy fahaizana mamaky teny sy manoratra teo amin' ny klerjy sy ny mpitan-tsoratra ao amin’ ny fitsarana, dia nanorina sekoly i Charlemagne ary nisarika ireo lehilahy nahay indrindra any [[Eorôpa]] manontolo ho any amin’ ny fitsarana azy.

=== Mitombo ny disadisa eo amin' ny Atsinanana sy ny Andrefana ===
Nanomboka niharihary ny fihenjanana teo amin’ ny firaisan-kina kristiana tamin’ ny taonjato faha-4. Olana fototra roa no mifandrohirohy: ny toetran' ny fahambonian’ ny evekan' i Rôma sy ny fiantraika ara-teôlôjia momba ny fampidirana andian-teny iray ao amin’ ny [[Fanekem-pinoana nikeana]], fantatra amin’ ny anarana latina hoe ''[[Filioque]]''. Ireo olana ara-pampianarana ireo dia noresahina ampahibemaso voalohany tao amin’ ny patriarkan’ i Fôtiôsy. Ny Fiangonana Tatsinanana dia nihevitra ny fahatakaran' i Rôma ny toetoetran' ny fahefan' ny eveka ho toy ny mifanohitra mivantana amin' ny rafitry ny Fiangonana izay tena fampihavanana, ary noho izany dia nihevitra ireo [[ekleziôlôjia]] roa ireo ho mifanohitra tanteraka [102] .

Ny olana iray hafa dia nanjary tena nahasosotra ny antokom-piangonana kristiana, ny fampidirana tsikelikely ny Fanekem-pinoana nikeana any Andrefana amin' ny andian-teny hoe ''Filioque'' - midika hoe &quot;sy ny Zanaka&quot; - araka ny hita ao amin' ny hoe &quot;Fanahy Masina ... avy amin' ny Ray sy ny Zanaka&quot; , izay lazain’ ny Fanekem-pinoana tany am-boalohany, izay neken’ ny kônsily ary mbola ampiasain’ ny Ôrtôdôksa Tatsinanana ankehitriny, fa &quot;ny Fanahy Masina, ... avy amin’ ny Ray&quot;. Nanamafy ny Fiangonana Tatsinanana fa natovana tsy ara-dalàna io andian-teny io, satria tsy mbola nisy nidinika ny Atsinanana[103]. Ho fanampin' io resaka eklesiôlôjia io, ny Fiangonana Tatsinanana koa dia nihevitra fa tsy azo ekena ny andian-teny ''Filioque'' noho ny antony [[Teôlôjia dôgmatika|dôgmatika]][104].

=== Fisaraham-bazana vokatry ny hevitr' i Fôtiôsy ===
Tamin’ ny taonjato faha-9, dia nisy ady hevitra nipoitra teo amin’ ny [[Kristianisma Tatsinanana|kristianisma tatsinanana]] (bizantina, Ôrtôdôksa Grika) sy tandrefana (latina, Katôlika Rômana), izay nipoitra noho ny fanoheran’ ny papa [[Joany VII]] ny fanendrena nataon’ ny emperora bizantina Michael III avy ao amin’ i Fôtiôsy I. ny toeran' ny patriarika tao [[Kônstantinôpla]]. Nolavin' ny papa i Fôtiôsy noho ny fifandirana teo amin' ny Atsinanana sy ny Andrefana teo aloha. Tsy nety nanaiky ny [[fahambonian’ ny papa]] tamin’ ny raharaha tatsinanana i Fôtiôsy na nanaiky ny andian-teny hoe &quot;''Filioque''&quot;. Ny delegasiôna latina tao amin' ny filan-kevitry ny fanokanana azy dia nanery azy hanaiky ilay andian-teny mba hahazoana antoka ny fanohanan' izy ireo. Ny resabe koa dia nikasika ny zon' ny Fiangonana Tatsinanana sy Tandrefana ao amin' ny fiangonana bolgara. Nanome fanelanelanana tokoa i Fôtiôsy momba ny zo ara-pitsarana momba an’ i [[Bolgaria]], ary ireo solontenan' ny papa dia nanao izany tamin’ ny fiverenany avy any Bolgaria ho any Rôma. Io fanekena io anefa dia nomena anarana fotsiny, satria ny fiverenan' i Bolgaria amin' ny fombam-pivavahana bizantina tamin' ny taona 870 dia efa nahatonga azy io ho [[fiangonana aotôkefaly]]. Raha tsy nisy ny faneken' i Boris I avy any Bolgaria, dia tsy afaka nampihatra ny fitakiany ny papa.

=== Fisaraham-bazan' ny Atsinanana sy ny Andrefana (1054) ===
Ny [[fisaraham-bazan' ny Atsinanana sy ny Andrefana]], fantatra ihany koa amin' ny anarana hoe &quot;[[Fisaraham-bazana Lehibe]]&quot;, dia nanasaraka ny Fiangonana ho sampana tandrefana (latina) sy tatsinanana (grika), izany hoe ny katôlika tandrefana sy ôrtôdôksa tatsinanana. Io no fivakisana lehibe voalohany hatramin’ ny nandavan’ ny antokon’ olona sasany tany Atsinanana ny didy navoakan’ ny [[Kônsilin' i Kalkedôna]] (jereo: Ôrtôdôksa Tatsinanana) ary niavaka kokoa. Na dia niseho tamin' ny taona 1054 aza ny Fisaraham-bazana Atsinanana sy Andrefana, dia vokatry ny fisarahana lava teo amin' ny kristianisma latina sy kristianisma grika noho ny maha ambony ny papa sy ny foto-pampianarana sasany momba ny ''Filioque'', saingy nihamafy noho ny kolontsaina ara-jeôgrafia sy ara-jeôpôlitika ary ara-piteny.

=== Fanavaozana mônastika ===
Nanomboka tamin’ ny taonjato faha-6, ny ankamaroan’ ny [[mônastera]] tany amin’ ny Katôlika Andrefana dia fehezin' ny Didin' i Benedikto. Noho ny fanarahana hentitra kokoa ny fitondrana benediktina nohavaozina, ny Abeîn'  i Cluny dia nanjary ivon-toeran' ny [[mônastisisma]] tandrefana ekena nanomboka tamin' ny taonjato faha-10. I Cluny dia namorona lamina lehibe sy federasiôna izay nahatonga ny mpitantana ny trano fanampiny ho lefitry ny Abôta Cluny ary namaly azy. Ny toe-tsaina kloniaka dia fitaomana namelona indray ny Fiangonana nôrmana, tamin' ny faratampony nanomboka tamin' ny tapany faharoa amin' ny taonjato faha-10 ka hatramin' ny fiandohan' ny taonjato faha-12.

Tonga niaraka tamin' ny [[hetsika sistersiana]] ny onjam-panavaozana mônastika manaraka. Ny abey sistersiana voalohany dia naorina tamin' ny taona 1098, tao amin' ny Cîteaux Abbey. Ny foto-kevitry ny fiainana sistersiana dia fiverenana amin' ny fitandremana ara-bakiteny ny fitondrana benediktina, fandavana ny fivoarana benediktina. Ny tena nanaitra indrindra tamin' ny fanavaozana dia ny fiverenana amin' ny asa tanana, ary indrindra amin' ny asa an-tsaha. Nahazo aingam-panahy avy amin' i Bernard avy ao Clairvaux, mpanorina voalohany ny Sistersiana, izy ireo no lasa hery lehibe indrindra amin' ny fandrosoana ara-teknôlôjia sy amin' ny fampielezana ny filazantsara tany [[Eorôpa]] tamin' ny [[Andro Antenatenany]]. Tamin’ ny faran’ ny taonjato faha-12 dia niisa 500 ny trano sistersiana, ary tamin’ ny faramparan' ny taonjato faha-15, dia voalaza fa nanana trano efa ho 750 ilay fikambanana. Ny ankamaroan' ireo trano ireo dia naorina tany an' efitra, ary nandray anjara lehibe tamin' ny fitondrana ny faritra mitoka-monina any Eorôpa ho amin' ny fambolena ara-toekarena.

Ny ambaratonga fahatelo amin' ny fanavaozana mônastika dia nomen' ny fananganana ny Filaharan' ny Mpangataka. Ny Mpangataka dia niaina eo ambany fitondrana mônastika miaraka amin' ny voady mahazatra momba ny fahantrana sy ny fahadiovam-pitondran-tena ary ny fankatoavana saingy manantitrantitra ny fitoriana ny filazantsara sy ny asa misiônera ary ny fanabeazana, ao amin' ny mônastera mitokana. Nanomboka tamin’ ny taonjato faha-12, dia naorin’ ny mpanara-dia an’ i Fransisko avy any Assise ny Ôrdônansin’ ny Fransiskana, ary taorian’ izay dia i Md Dôminika no nanombohan’ ny Filaharana Dôminikana.

=== Fisondrotan' ny oniversite ===
Ny [[oniversite]] tandrefana môderna dia nipoitra mivantana avy amin' ny Fiangonana tamin' ny [[Andro Antenatenany]].[105][106][107][108][109] Sekolin' ny katedraly no nanombohan' izy ireo, ary noheverina ho mpitondra fivavahana ny mpianatra rehetra.[110] Tombontsoa izany satria nametraka ny mpianatra ho eo ambany fahefan' ny Fiangonana izy ka nanome fiarovana sasany. Nisaraka tamin' ny katedraly ny sekoly katedraly tamin' ny farany ary nanangana ny andrim-pianarany manokana, ny voalohany indrindra dia ny Oniversiten' i Bologne (taona 1088) sy ny Oniversiten' i  Oxford (taona 1096) ary ny Oniversiten' i  Paris (manodidina ny taona 1150).[111] 112][113]

=== Tsy fifanarahana momba ny fanendrena eveka ===
Ny ady hevitra momba ny fanendrena eveka eo amin' ny fahefana no ady lehibe indrindra teo amin' ny fahefana laîka sy ny fahefana ara-pivavahana izay nitranga tany [[Eorôpa]] tamin' ny [[Andro Antenatenany]]. Nanomboka tamin’ ny ady tamin’ ny taonjato faha-11 teo amin’ ny emperora masina rômana [[Henri IV]] sy ny papa [[Gregôrio VII]] momba izay hanendry eveka (fametrahana hitondra). Ny fiafaran' ny fametrahana amin' ny fitondrana ny laîka dia nandrahona hampihena ny herin' ny [[Empira Rômana Masina]] sy ny fanirian' ny andriana eorôpeana. Ny episkôpata dia fanendrena mandritra ny androm-piainany fotsiny, ny mpanjaka dia afaka mifehy bebe kokoa ny fahefany sy ny fidiram-bolany noho ny an' ny olo-manan-kaja. Azony atao koa aza ny mamela ny toerana ho banga ary manangona ny vola miditra, araka ny teôrian' ny fitokisana ny eveka vaovao, na manome episkôpata mba hanome karama olona ambony iray. Ny [[Eglizy katôlika rômanina|Eglizy Katôlika Rômana]] dia naniry ny hampitsahatra ny fandraisan' anjaran' ny laîka mba hampitsaharana izany toe-javatra izany sy ny fanararaotana hafa, mba hanavaozana ny episkôpata sy hanomezana fikarakarana pastôraly tsara kokoa. Namoaka ny ''Dictatus Papae'' ny papa Gregôrio VII, izay nanambara fa ny papa irery no afaka manendry eveka. Ny fandavan' i Henri IV an' ilay didim-panjakana dia nitarika ho amin' ny fandroahana azy sy ny fikomian' ny [[dioka]]. Tamin' ny farany dia nahazo famotsoran-keloka i Henri IV taorian' ny fivalozana ampahibemaso mahatsiravina nataony, na dia nitohy aza ny Fikomian' i Saksôna Lehibe sy ny fifandonana momba ny fanendrena eveka.

Nisy ady hevitra mitovy amin’ izany nitranga tany [[Angletera]] teo amin’ ny mpanjaka [[Henri I]] sy Md Anselm, arsevekan’ i Canterbery, momba ny fahabangan-toerana sy ny fahabangan-toerana ho eveka. Ny fifandirana anglisy dia voavaha tamin' ny Kônkôrdatan' i Lôndra (taona 1107), izay nandaozan' ny mpanjaka ny fitakiany hanendry eveka fa nanohy nitaky fianianana. Môdely ampahany ho an' ny Kônkôrdatan' i Worms (''Pactum Calixtinum'') io, izay namaha ny resabe momba ny fampiasam-bola imperialy tamin' ny marimaritra iraisana izay nahafahan' ny manam-pahefana nifehy ny fahefany, saingy nanome ny fifantenana ny eveka ho an' ny kanôna katedraly. Ho mariky ny marimaritra iraisana, dia samy nampiasa ny eveka niaraka tamin' ny mpiasa sy ny peratra ny eveka na ny manam-pahefana ara-pivavahana sy ny laîka.

=== Kroazada ===
Amin' ny ankapobeny, ny [[kroazada]] (1095–1291) dia ny adin' ny Kristiana eorôpeana tao amin' ny [[Tany Masina]], notohanan' ny [[papa]], tamin' ny [[Miozolmana]] mba hamerenana ny faritr' i [[Palestina (faritra)|Palestina]] amin' ny Kristiana indray.[114][115][116] Nisy diaben' ny mpiantafika hafa niady tamin' ny tafika miozolmana tany amin' ny manodidina an' i [[Mediteranea]], indrindra tany amin' ny faritra atsimo amin' i [[Espaina]], sy atsimo amin' i [[Italia]], ary any amin' ny nosy Sipra sy Malta ary Sisilia.[115] Ny papa koa dia nanohana kroazada maro hanoherana ny vahoaka [[Paganisma|pagàna]] any [[Eorôpa Avaratra Atsinanana|Eorôpa Avaratra-Atsinana]] mba handresena sy hampiova finoana azy ireo ho kristiana, [114] hanoherana ny fahavalony ara-pôlitika any [[Eorôpa Andrefana]], ary hanoherana ny [[Fampianaran-diso (fivavahana)|fivavahan-diso]] (herezia) na ny fivavahana vitsy mpanaraka ao amin' ny kristianisma eorôpeana.[117]

Ny Tany Masina dia tao anatin' ny [[Empira Rômana]], ary noho izany dia tao amin' ny [[Empira Bizantina]], mandra-pahatongan' ny fananiham-bohitra nataon' ny [[Arabo (vahoaka)|Arabo]] miozolmana tamin' ny taonjato faha-7 sy faha-8. Taorian' izay, amin' ny ankapobeny dia navela hitsidika ny toerana masina maro tao amin' ny Tany Masina ny Kristiana hatramin' ny taona 1071, rehefa nanakatona ny [[fivahiniana masina]] kristiana ny [[Seljokida|Tiorka Seljokida]] sady nanafika an' i [[Bizantioma]] (na Bizansa), nandresy azy ireo tamin' ny ady tao Manzikert. Ny emperora Aleksiôsy I dia nangataka fanampiana tamin' ny papa [[Orbano II]] hanoherana ny herisetra nataon' ny Miozolmana. Azo inoana fa nanantena vola tamin’ ny papa izy mba homena mpikarama an’ ady. Raha ny tokony ho izy dia niantso an’ ireo miaramilan’ ny fiangonana kristiana i Orbano II tamin’ ny lahateny nataony tao amin’ ny Kônsilin' i Clermont tamin’ ny 27 Nôvambra 1095, ka nampifangaro ny hevitra momba ny fivahiniana masina any amin' ny Tany Masina sy ny ady masina amin' ny tsy mpino.[118]

Ny [[Kroazada voalohany]] dia nahazo an' i [[Antiôkia]] (na Antiôka) tamin' ny taona 1099 ary avy eo nahazo an' i [[Jerosalema]]. Ny [[Kroazada faharoa]] dia nitranga tamin' ny taona 1145 rehefa nalain' ny tafika silamo i Edessa. I Jerosalema dia natao hatramin' ny 1187, ary ny [[Kroazada fahatelo]], taorian' ny ady teo amin' i Richard Fon-Diona sy i Saladîna. Ny [[Kroazada fahefatra]], natombok' i [[Inôkentio III]] tamin’ ny taona 1202, dia nikasa haka indray ny Tany Masina, saingy tsy ela dia noravan’ ny Venesiana. Rehefa tonga tao [[Kônstantinôpla]] ny mpiady dia norobainy ny tanàna sy ny faritra hafa tany [[Azia Minora]] ary natsangany ny [[Empira Latinan’ i Kônstantinôpla]] tany [[Grisia]] sy tany Azia Minora. Kroazada dimy no tany amin' ny Tany Masina, izay niafara tamin' ny fanaovana fahirano an' i Acre tamin' ny taona 1219, ary namarana ny fisian' ny Tandrefana tao amin' ny Tany Masina.[119]

Notanan' ny mpiantafika nandritra ny zato taona teo ho eo i Jerosalema, fa ny tanàna mimanda hafa tany amin' ny faritr' i [[Atsinanana Akaiky]] kosa dia nijanona ela kokoa teo amin' ny maha fananan' ny Kristiana azy. Tsy nahavita nanangana fanjakana kristiana maharitra ireo kroazada tao amin’ ny Tany Masina ireo. Nijanona ho loza mitatao nandritra ny taonjato maro ny fanitaran-tany nataon' ny Miozolmana tany [[Eorôpa]], ary niafara amin' ny fanafihana maharitra nataon' i Suleiman Mamirapiratra tamin' ny taonjato faha-16. Ny kroazada tany [[Iberia]] (atao hoe ''[[Reconquista]]''), atsimon' i Italia, sy tany Sisilia dia nitarika ho amin' ny faharavàn' ny fahefana silamo tany Eorôpa. Ny [[Kroazada Albizoà]] dia nikendry ireo [[Katarisma|Katara]] [[fivadiham-pinoana]] any atsimo amin' i [[Frantsa]]; miaraka amin' ny [[Inkizisiôna]] naorina taorian' izany, dia nahomby tamin' ny fandringanana ny Katara. Ny Kroazada Wendish dia nahomby tamin' ny fandresen-dahatra sy ny famadihana an-keriny ny [[Slava (vahoaka)|Slava]] [[Paganisma|pagàna]] tany atsinanan' i [[Alemaina]] ankehitriny. Ny [[Kroazada Livôniana]], izay notanterahin' ny Teotônika Knights sy ny fikambanan' ny [[moanina]] mpiady hafa, dia nandresy sy nanova an-keriny ny [[Balta (vahoaka)|Balta]] pagàna tao [[Livônia]] sy [[Prosia]]. Na izany aza, ny Diokea Lehibe any Litoania pagàna dia nahomby tamin' ny fanoherana ny Knights ary niova finoana an-tsitrapo tamin' ny taonjato faha-14.[120]

=== Inkizisiôna tamin' ny Andro Antenatenany ===
Ny [[Inkizisiôna]] tamin' ny [[Andro Antenatenany]] dia andiana inkizisiôna (notanterahin' ny fikambanana ao amin' ny [[Eglizy katôlika rômanina|Eglizy Katôlika Rômana]] nanafoana ny hetsika kristiana noheverin' izy ireo ho [[Fampianaran-diso (fivavahana)|heretika]]) nanomboka tamin' ny taona 1184, anisan' izany ny Inkizisiôna Episkôpaly (1184–1230) ary taty aoriana ny Inkizisiôna Papaly (1230s–1240s). Izy io dia natao ho setrin' ny hetsika kristiana tao Eorôpa heverina ho [[Fivadiham-pinoana|mpivadi-pinoana]] na mivadi-pinoana amin' ny Katôlika tandrefana, indrindra ny [[Bôgômila]], [121] ny [[Katarisma|Katara]] (na Albizoà), [122] ny [[Valdisma|Valdeana]], [123] ny Begina sy Begara, [124] ny Lolara, [125] ny [[Hositisma|Hosita]], [126] ary Jiosy eorôpeana, [127] izay niely tany amin' ny Fanjakana Bolgara, [121] tao atsimo amin' i Frantsa, [122] any Italia Avaratra, [123] any Flandra sy Rhin, [124] any Angletera, [124] 125] any amin' ny tanin' ny Fanjakana Bôhemiana [126] sy ny tany maro nitambatra teo ambanin' ny Fanjakan' i Aragôna.[127] Io no hetsiky ny inkizisiôna voalohany amin' ny maro izay nanaraka tao amin' ny kristianisma eorôpeana.

=== Fielezan' ny kristianisma ===
Ny [[fitoriana ny Filazantsara]] tany [[Skandinavia]] tany am-boalohany dia notanterahan' ny [[Anglô-Saksona (vahoaka)|Anglô-Saksona]] izay efa kristiana nandritra ny asa fitoriana nataony tany amin' ny Saikinosy Skandinaviana; I Ansgar, arsevekan' i  Bremen, nomena anaram-bosotra hoe &quot;Apôstôlin' ny Avaratra&quot; no nisongadina indrindra tamin' ireo misiônera anglô-saksôna.[128] I Ansgar, teraka tany [[Amiens]], dia nirahina niaraka tamin’ ny andiana [[moanina]] nankany Jutland, any [[Danemarka]], tamin’ ny taona 820 tany ho any, tamin’ ny andron’i Harald Klak, mpanjaka mpomba ny Kristianina.[128] Nahomby ihany ilay iraka, ary niverina tany [[Alemaina]] i Ansgar roa taona tatỳ aoriana, rehefa noroahina hiala tao amin' ny fanjakany i Harald. Tamin’ ny taona 829, i Ansgar dia nankany Birka teo amin’ ny Farihin’ i Mälaren, any [[Soeda]], niaraka tamin’ i Witmar mpanampy azy, ary nisy fiangonana kely niforona tamin’ ny taona 831, izay nahitana an’ i Hergeir, mpitandrina ny mpanjaka. Niadam-pandroso anefa ny fiovam-pinoana, ary ny ankamaroan’ ny faritra skandinaviana dia lasa kristiana tanteraka tamin’ ny andron’ ny mpanapaka toa an’ i Saint Canute IV any Danemarka sy Olaf I any [[Nôrvezy]] tamin’ ny taona nanaraka ny taona 1000.

Ny fampielezana ny kristianisma tany amin' ny [[Slava (vahoaka)|Slava]] dia natomboky ny iray tamin' ireo mpiangona nahay indrindra tao Bizansa — ny patriarika Photios I avy any Kônstantinôpla. Nifidy an’ i Cyrille sy Methodius ny emperora bizantina Michael III ho valin’ ny fangatahan’ i Rastislav mpanjakan’ i [[Môravia]], izay naniry misiônera afaka miasa any amin' ny [[Môraviana (vahoaka)|Môraviana]] tamin’ ny fiteniny. Nampiasa ny [[fiteny slavônika]] teo an-toerana izy mirahalahy, ary nandika ny [[Baiboly]] sy ny boky fivavahana maro.[129] Koa satria ny fandikan-teny nomanin’ izy ireo dia nadikan’ ny mpiteny amin’ ny fitenim-paritra hafa, dia niforona ny [[fiteny slavônika tranain' ny fangonana i]]&lt;nowiki/&gt;zay fiteny safiotra nampiasaina amin' ny [[literatiora]], izay nivelatra ho [[fiteny slavônikan' ny fiangonana]] tatỳ aoriana, ary io no fiteny litorzika mahazatra mbola ampiasain’ ny Fiangonana Ôrtôdôksa Rosiana sy ny Kristianina ôrtôdôksa slava hafa. Nanohy ny fampiovam-pinoana ny [[Serba (vahoaka)|Serba]] i Methodius.[130]

I [[Bolgaria]] dia firenena [[Paganisma|pagana]] hatramin' ny niorenany tamin' ny 681 ka hatramin' ny 864, rehefa niova ho kristianina i Boris I. Sarotra ny anton' izany fanapahan-kevitra izany; ny antony lehibe indrindra dia ny hoe teo anelanelan' ny empira kristianina roa matanjaka i Bolgaria, dia i [[Bizansa]] sy i [[Frankia Atsinanana]]; ny foto-pampianarana kristiana dia nankasitraka indrindra ny toeran' ny mpanjaka amin' ny maha-solontenan' Andriamanitra azy eto an-tany, ary i Boris koa dia nahita izany ho fomba iray handresena ny tsy fitovian' ny [[Bolgara (vahoaka)|Bolgara]] sy ny Slava.[131][132] Neken’ i Kônstantinôpla tamin’ ny fomba ôfisialy ho patriarikata i Bolgaria tamin’ ny taona 927, i [[Serbia]] tamin’ ny taona 1346, ary i [[Rosia]] tamin’ ny taona 1589. Efa niova ho kristiana ela be talohan’ ireo daty ireo firenena rehetra ireo.

== Tapany faran' ny Andro Antenatenany sy fiandohan'ny Renaissance (1300-1520) ==

=== Ny fialokalofan' ny papa tany Avignon sy ny fisaraham-bazana tany Andrefana ===
Ny fialokalofan' ny papa tany Avignon, izay antsoina indraindray hoe Fahababoana Babilôniana, dia vanim-potoana nanomboka tamin'ny 1309 ka hatramin'ny 1378 izay nisy papa fito nipetraka tao Avignon, any Frantsa ankehitriny.[134] Tamin’ny 1309, dia nifindra tany Avignon any atsimon’i Frantsa ny papa Klemento V. Nitombo ny fisafotofotoana sy ny fifankahalana ara-politika, satria nihena ny laza sy ny herin’i Rôma raha tsy nisy papa. Nahatratra ny fara tampony ny olana tamin’ny 1378, rehefa maty i Gregôrio XI rehefa nitsidika an’i Rôma. Nisy kônklava papaly nivory tany Rôma ary nifidy an'i Orbano VI, Italiana. Tsy ela i Orbano dia nampisaraka ireo kardinaly frantsay, ary nanao kônklava faharoa izy ireo nifidy an’i Rôberto avy any Genève handimby an’i Gregôrio XI, nanomboka ny Fisaraham-bazana tany Andrefana.

=== Fanakianana ny fanararaotana sy ny kolikoly Tao amin' ny Fiangonana Katôlika ===
I John Wycliffe, filozofa skolastika anglisy sady teolojiana kristiana fanta-daza indrindra amin’ny fiampangana ny fanararaotana sy ny kolikoly ataon’ny Eglizy Katolika, dia mpialoha lalana ny Fanavaozana prôtestanta.[135] Nanantitrantitra ny fahambonian’ny Baiboly izy ary nitaky ny hisian’ny fifandraisana mivantana eo amin’Andriamanitra sy ny olombelona, ​​tsy misy fitsabahan’ny pretra sy ny eveka[135]. Ny Lollards, hetsika kristiana prôtô-prôtestanta nanaraka ny fampianaran'i Wycliffe, dia nandray anjara tamin'ny Fanavaozana anglisy.[135][136][137] Jan Hus, teôlôjiana kristiana tseky monina any Prague, dia voataonan’i Wycliffe ary nanohitra ny fanararaotana sy ny kolikoly hitany tao amin’ny Eglizy Katôlika.[127] Ny mpanaraka azy dia nanjary fantatra amin'ny anarana hoe Hosita, hetsika kristiana prôtô-pôtestanta izay nanaraka ny fampianaran'i Jôn Hus, izay lasa solontenan'ny Reformasiona bôhemiana malaza indrindra.[127][135] Izy no mpialoha lalana ny Fanavaozana prôtestanta,[127][135] ary ny lova navelany dia nanjary tandindon'ny kolontsaina tseky tany Bôhemia[138]. Samy voampanga ho nanao fivavahan-diso i Wycliffe sy Hus ary nomelohina ho faty noho ny fomba fijery mibaribary momba ny Eglizy Katolika.[126][127][135]

=== Ny Renaissance sy ny Eglizy ô ===
Ny Renaissance dia vanim-potoanan'ny fiovana ara-kolontsaina lehibe sy zava-bita, voamarika tao Italia tamin'ny fironana klasika sy ny fitomboan'ny harena amin'ny alàlan'ny varotra varotra. Ny tanànan’i Rôma sy ny fanjakan’ny papa ary ny fanjakan’ny papa dia nisy fiantraikany tamin’ny Renaissance. Etsy ankilany, fotoanan’ny fiahiana ara-javakanto lehibe sy ny hatsaran’ny maritrano izany, izay nanirahan’ny Fiangonana mpanakanto toa an’i Michelangelo, Brunelleschi, Bramante, Raphael, Fra Angelico, Donatello, ary Leonardo da Vinci. Etsy an-danin’izany, dia matetika ireo fianakaviana italianina mpanankarena no niantoka ny biraon’ny episkôpaly, anisan’izany ny papa, ho an’ny mpikambana ao aminy, izay nalaza ho maloto fitondran-tena ny sasany, toa an’i Aleksandra VI sy Siksto IV.

Ankoatra ny maha lohan’ny Eglizy azy, dia lasa anisan’ny mpitondra laîka lehibe indrindra tany Italia ny papa, ary ny papa toa an’i Jolio II dia matetika nanao fampielezan-kevitra mba hiarovana sy hanitarana ny faritra ara-nofo. Fanampin’izany, ny papa, noho ny toe-tsain’ny fifaninanana voadio tamin’ireo tompo italianina hafa, dia nandany be dia be tamin’ny rendrarendran’olon-tsotra, fa tamin’ny asam-panjakana koa, na fanamboarana na fanorenana fiangonana, tetezana, ary rafitra kanto misy lakandrano any Rôma izay mbola miasa ankehitriny.

=== Fianjeran' i Kônstantinôpla ===
Tamin'ny 1453, dia nianjera tamin'ny Empira Ôtômana i Kônstantinôpla. Ny Kristianina tatsinanana nandositra an’i Kônstantinôpla, sy ireo sora-tanana grika nentin’izy ireo, no anisan’ny nahatonga ny fanavaozana ara-literatiora tany Andrefana tamin’io fotoana io. Nanaraka ny lalàna silamo ny governemanta ôtômana rehefa nifampiraharaha tamin'ny vahoaka kristiana resy. Noleferina tamin’ny fomba ôfisialy ho [[olon' ny Boky]] ny Kristianina. Araka izany, dia tsy nisy korontana be ny fikambanan’ny Fiangonana kanonika sy ara-jeografika, ary nitohy ny fitantanana azy. Ny iray amin'ireo zavatra voalohany nataon'i Mehmet Mpandresy dia ny famelana ny Fiangonana hifidy patriarika vaovao, Gennadius Scholarius. Na izany aza, ireo zo sy tombontsoa ireo, anisan'izany ny fahalalahan'ny fivavahana sy ny fikambanana ara-pivavahana, dia matetika napetraka amin'ny foto-kevitra saingy mahalana no nifanaraka tamin'ny zava-misy. Noheverina ho olom-pirenena kilasy faharoa ny Kristianina, ary ny fiarovana ara-dalàna niankinany dia niharan'ny fanirian'ny sultan sy ny seranana ambony[139][140]. Ny Hagia Sophia sy ny Parthenon, izay fiangonana kristianina efa ho arivo taona, dia novana ho môske. Fahita ny fanenjehana mahery vaika natao tamin’ny Kristianina, ary tonga tamin’ny fara tampony tamin’ny fandripahana foko armeniana sy asirianina ary grika.

== Tapany voalohany amin' ny Andro Vaovao (t. 1500–t. 1750) ==

=== Fanjanahantany sy fampielezana ny kristianisma tany Amerika ===
Nanomboka tamin'ny onja voalohany tamin'ny fanjanahantany eorôpeana, ny fanavakavahana ara-pivavahana, ny fanenjehana ary ny herisetra natao tamin'ny fivavahan'ny teratany teratany dia nataon'ireo Eorôpeana mpanjanaka sy mpiavy tamin'ny taonjato faha-15 ka hatramin'ny faha-16.[11][12][13] ][14][141][142]

Nandritra ny Vanim-potoanan'ny Fikarohana sy ny taonjato manaraka, ny empira mpanjanaka Espaniola sy Portiogey no tena navitrika indrindra tamin'ny fikasana hanova ny Tompontany any Amerika ho amin'ny fivavahana Kristiana.[11][12] Ny Papa Alexander VI dia namoaka ny taratasy Inter caetera tamin'ny Mey 1493 izay nanamafy ny tany notakian'ny Fanjakan'i Espaina, ary nanome baiko ho takalon'ny hiova finoana ny Vazimba ho Kristianisma Katolika. Nandritra ny dia faharoan’i Columbus, dia niaraka taminy ireo frera Benoitsin, niaraka tamin’ny pretra roa ambin’ny folo hafa. Tamin'ny fandresen'ny Espaniola ny fanjakan'ny Azteky, dia natao ny fitoriana ny filazantsara tamin'ireo vazimba teratany midadasika tao amin'ilay antsoina hoe &quot;fandresena ara-panahy&quot;. Nianatra fiteny indizeny ny Franciscan sy Dominikanina, toy ny Nahuatl, Mixtec, ary Zapotec.[144] Iray amin'ireo sekoly voalohany ho an'ny Vazimba teratany any Meksika no naorin'i Pedro de Gante tamin'ny taona 1523. Nikendry ny hampiova finoana ireo mpitarika vazimba ireo frera, miaraka amin'ny fanantenana sy fanantenana fa hanaraka izany ny fiaraha-monina misy azy.[145] Tany amin'ny faritra be mponina, dia nanetsika ny vondrom-piarahamonina vazimba teratany ireo frera mba hanorina fiangonana, ka hita maso ny fiovana ara-pivavahana; ireo fiangonana sy trano fiangonana ireo dia matetika tany amin’ny toerana mitovy amin’ny tempoly tranainy, ary matetika no nampiasa vato mitovy. “Naneho valiny isan-karazany ny tompon-tany, nanomboka tamin'ny fankahalana an-kitsirano ka hatramin'ny fandraisana mavitrika ny fivavahana vaovao.”[146] Tany afovoan-tany sy atsimon'i Meksika izay nisy fomban-drazana nahazatra ny vazimba teratany tamin'ny famoronana lahatsoratra an-tsoratra, dia nampianatra ireo mpanora-dalàna vazimba teratany ireo frera mba hanoratra ny azy manokana. fiteny amin’ny litera latina. Misy andian-dahatsoratra manan-danja amin'ny fiteny indizeny noforonin'ny sy ho an'ny vazimba teratany ao amin'ny vondrom-piarahamonina misy azy manokana ho an'ny tanjony manokana. Any amin'ny faritra sisin-tany izay tsy nisy mponina teratany nanorim-ponenana, dia matetika ny frera sy ny Zezoita no namorona iraka, nampivondrona ireo Vazimba niparitaka tany amin'ireo vondrom-piarahamonina nokarakarain'ny frera mba ho mora kokoa ny hitory ny filazantsara sy hiantohana ny fifikiran'izy ireo amin'ny finoana. Ireo iraka ireo dia naorina nanerana ireo zanatany Espaniola izay niitatra avy any amin'ny faritra atsimo andrefan'i Etazonia amin'izao fotoana izao ka hatrany Meksika ary hatrany Arzantina sy Sily.


Rehefa tonga tany Meksika ny Franciscans voalohany tamin'ny 1524, dia nodoran'izy ireo ny toerana masina natokana ho an'ny fivavahan'ny teratany.[147] Na izany aza, tamin’ny Mesoamerica talohan’ny andron’i Columbia, dia fomba fanao mahazatra ny fandoroana ny tempolin’ny antokon’olona resy, aseho amin’ny sora-tanana vazimba teratany, toy ny Codex Mendoza. Ireo vondrona vazimba teratany nandresy dia nanantena ny haka ireo andriamanitry ny tompom-panjakany vaovao, hanampy azy ireo amin'ny pantheon efa misy. Azo inoana fa tsy fantatr’izy ireo fa ny fiovam-pony ho amin’ny Kristianisma dia nitarika ny fandavana tanteraka sy tsy azo ivalozana ny finoan’ny razambeny sy ny fanaony ara-pivavahana. Tamin'ny 1539, ny eveka Meksikana Juan de Zumárraga dia nanara-maso ny fitsarana sy ny famonoana ilay andriana teratany Carlos avy any Texcoco noho ny fivadiham-pinoana tamin'ny Kristianisma.[148] Taorian’izay, dia nesorin’ny Eglizy Katolika tsy ho eo amin’ny fari-piadidian’ny Inquisition ireo teratany niova fo, satria nisy vokany mangidy tamin’ny fitoriana ny filazantsara. Tamin'ny famoronana vondrona kristiana voaaro, dia tsy afaka naniry ny ho voatokana ho pretra kristiana intsony ny Tompontany[149]

Nanerana an’i Amerika, dia navitrika tamin’ny fiezahana hanova ny Vazimba ho Kristianisma ny Zezoita. Nahazo fahombiazana lehibe izy ireo tany amin'ny sisin-tany tany Nouvelle France, [150] Brezila Portiogey, ary Antonio de Vieira, S.J;[151] ary tany Paragoay, izay saika fanjakana mizaka tena ao anatin'ny fanjakana iray.[152]

=== Fanavaozana prôtestanta ===
Teo am-piandohan’ny taonjato faha-16, dia nanandrana nanavao ny Eglizy Katolika ireo teolojiana kristiana Martin Luther sy Huldrych Zwingli, niaraka tamin’ny maro hafa. Noheverin'izy ireo ho foto-pampianarana ny fototry ny kolikoly ao amin'ny Eglizy Katolika sy ny rafitra ara-pivavahana ao aminy, fa tsy resaka faharatsiana, fahalemena ara-moraly, na tsy fisian'ny fitsipi-pifehezana ara-pivavahana, ary noho izany dia niaro ny fahaleovantenan'Andriamanitra amin'ny fanavotana izy ireo, ary manohitra ny fiheverana an-tsitrapo fa ny famonjena. mety ho azon’ny olona. Ny Reformasiona dia matetika noheverina fa nanomboka tamin'ny famoahana ny Tesis dimy amby sivifolo nataon'i Lotera tamin'ny 1517, na dia tsy nisy fisarahana aza raha tsy tamin'ny 1521 Diet of Worms. Nanameloka an'i Lotera ny didim-pitsarana ary nandrara tamin'ny fomba ofisialy ny olom-pirenen'ny Empira Romana Masina tsy hiaro na hampiely ny heviny[153].

Ny teny hoe Protestanta dia avy amin’ny teny latinina protestatio, midika hoe fanambarana, izay manondro ny taratasin’ny protestanta nataon’ireo andriana loterana nanohitra ny fanapahan-kevitry ny Diet of Speyer tamin’ny 1529, izay nanamafy indray ny didy navoakan’ny Diet of Worms nandidy ny haka ny fananana rehetra. amin'ny alalan'ny olona meloka ho nanohana ny Loterana[154]. Ny teny hoe “Protestanta” dia tsy nampiasain’ireo mpitarika tamin’ny andron’ny Reformasiona tany am-boalohany; fa kosa niantso ny tenany ho “evanjelika” izy ireo, ary nanantitrantitra ny “fiverenana amin’ny filazantsara marina (grika: euangelion)”[155].

Ny hetsi-panoherana tany am-boalohany dia ny fanoherana ny kolikoly toy ny simony, ny fitazonana biraon'ny fiangonana maro amin'ny fotoana iray, ny fahabangan'ny episkopaly, ary ny fivarotana indolzansy. Ny toeran’ny Protestanta koa dia nahitana ny Five solae (sola scriptura, sola fide, sola gratia, solus Christus, soli Deo gloria), ny fisoronan’ny mpino rehetra, ny Lalàna sy ny Filazantsara, ary ny fampianarana momba ny fanjakana roa. Ny fomban-drazana telo manan-danja indrindra nipoitra mivantana avy amin'ny Reformasiona dia ny Loterana, Nohavaozina ary Anglikanina, na dia ny vondrona farany aza dia samy milaza fa &quot;Reforme&quot; sy &quot;katolika&quot;, ary ny vondrona sasany dia mandà ny fanasokajiana ho &quot;Protestanta&quot;.

Tsy toy ny fihetsiketsehana fanavaozana hafa, ny Fanavaozana Anglisy dia nanomboka tamin'ny herin'ny mpanjaka. Nihevitra ny tenany ho mpanjaka katolika tanteraka i Henri VIII, ary tamin’ny 1521 dia niaro ny papa tamin’i Lotera izy tao amin’ny boky nasainy mitondra ny lohateny hoe Ny Fiarovana ny Sakramenta Fito, izay nanomezan’ny Papa Léon X azy ny anaram-boninahitra Fidei Defensor (Mpiaro ny Finoana). Nifanohitra tamin’ny papa anefa ny mpanjaka rehefa naniry ny hanafoana ny fanambadiany tamin’i Catherine avy any Aragôna, izay nilana ny sazin’ny papa. I Catherine, anisan’ireo havan-kaja maro hafa, dia nenitoan’ny Emperora Charles V, ilay mpanohana ny papaly lehibe indrindra. Ny fifandirana taorian'izay dia nitarika ho amin'ny fialana tamin'i Roma sy ny fanambarana ny Mpanjakan'i Angletera ho lohan'ny Eglizy Anglisy, izay nahita ny tenany ho fiangonana Protestanta mamakivaky lalana manelanelana ny Loterana sy ny Kristianisma Nohavaozina, saingy nirona kokoa tamin'ilay farany.[Heb. 156] Noho izany, i Angletera dia niaina vanim-potoana fanavaozana ary koa ny Counter-Reformation. Ireo mpanjaka toa an'i Edward VI, Lady Jane Grey, Mary I, Elizabeth I, ary ny Arsevekan'i Canterbury toa an'i Thomas Cranmer sy William Laud, dia nanosika ny Eglizy Angletera tamin'ny lalana samihafa nandritra ny taranaka vitsivitsy monja. Ny nipoitra dia ny Eglizy Elizabeta Religious Settlement sy ny fiangonan'ny fanjakana iray izay nihevitra ny tenany ho &quot;Reformed&quot; sy &quot;Katolika&quot; fa tsy &quot;Romana&quot;, ary ireo hetsika mahery vaika tsy ofisialy hafa, toy ny Puritains. Eo amin'ny lafiny politika, ny Fanavaozana Anglisy dia nampiditra fitsarana mivadi-pinoana, ny sesitany ny Katolika Romana tany Espaina sy tany amin'ny tany katolika hafa, ary ny sivana sy ny fandrarana ny boky.[157]

=== Fanavaozana radikaly ===
Ny Fanavaozana Radika dia naneho ny valin'ny kolikoly na tao amin'ny Eglizy Katolika sy tao amin'ny hetsika Protestanta Magisterial izay notarihan'i Martin Luther sy ny maro hafa. Nanomboka tany Alemaina sy Soisa tamin’ny taonjato faha-16, ny Fanavaozana Radika dia niteraka antokon’olona protestanta mahery vaika nanerana an’i Eoropa. Ny teny dia mirakitra ireo fanavaozana mahery vaika toa an'i Thomas Müntzer sy Andreas Karlstadt, Kontra-refôrmampaminany Zwickau, ary ireo Kristiana Anabatista, indrindra fa ny Amish, Mennonites, Hutterites, ny Vondrom-piarahamonina Bruderhof, ary ny Mpirahalahy Schwarzenau.

=== Fanoherana ny Fanavaozana prôtestanta ===
Ny fanoherana ny fanavaozana prôtestanta no valin-tenin’ny Eglizy Katolika tamin’ny Fanavaozana protestanta. Raha ny momba ny fivoriana sy ny antontan-taratasy, dia nisy ny Confutatio Augustana, ny Konsilin'i Trente, ny Katesizy Romanina, ary ny Defensio Tridentinæ fidei. Eo amin’ny lafiny politika, ny Fanoherana ny Fanavaozana dia nahitana fitsarana fivavahan-diso, ny sesitany ny vahoaka Protestanta avy tany amin’ny tany katolika, ny fakana an-keriny ny ankizy avy amin’ny ray aman-dreniny Protestanta mba ho fitaizana katolika naorina, ady maromaro, ny Index Librorum Prohibitorum (ny lisitry ny boky voarara. ), ary ny Inquisition Espaniola.

Na dia nesorina aza ny Kristianina protestanta tamin'ny fikasana hampihena ny heriny ao amin'ny Eglizy Katolika, dia nenjehina nandritra ny Counter-Reformation izy ireo, ka nanosika ny sasany hiaina toy ny crypto-Protestant (antsoina koa hoe Nikodemita), nanohitra ny fampirisihan'i John Calvin. izay namporisika azy ireo hiaina ampahibemaso ny finoany[158]. Ny Crypto-Protestanta dia voarakitra an-tsoratra tamin'ny faramparan'ny taonjato faha-19 tany Amerika Latina.[159]

Ny Konsilin’i Trente (1545–1563) notarihin’ny Papa Paoly III dia niresaka momba ny kolikoly ara-pivavahana sasany toy ny simony, ny tsy fahatongavana, ny kiantranoantrano, ny fitazonana biraom-piangonana maro ataon’ny olona iray, ary ny fanararaotana hafa. Nohamafisiny ihany koa ny fomba amam-panao nentim-paharazana sy ny foto-pampianaran’ny Fiangonana, toy ny rafitry ny episkopaly, ny tsy fivavahan’ny mpitondra fivavahana, ny Sakramenta fito, ny transubstantiation (ny finoana fa mandritra ny lamesa dia tena lasa vatana sy ran’i Kristy tokoa ny mofo sy divay nohamasinina), ny fanajana ny vakoka. , sary masina, ary olo-masina (indrindra fa i Maria Virjiny), ny ilàna ny finoana sy ny asa tsara ho amin’ny famonjena, ny fisian’ny afo fandiovana sy ny famoahana (fa tsy ny fivarotana) ny indolzansy. Raha lazaina amin’ny teny hafa, dia nolavina tsy nisy kilema ny fanoherana sy ny fiovana rehetra momba ny foto-pampianarana protestanta. Ny filan-kevitra ihany koa dia namporisika ny fahalianana amin'ny fanabeazana ho an'ny pretra paroasy mba hampitomboana ny fikarakarana pastoraly. Ny Arseveka Saint Charles Borromeo any Milan dia nanome ohatra tamin'ny fitsidihana ireo paroasy lavitra indrindra sy ny fametrahana fitsipika ambony.

=== Fanavaozana katôlika ===
Miaraka amin'ny Fanoherana ny Fanavaozana, ny Fanavaozana Katolika dia nahitana fanatsarana ny zavakanto sy ny kolontsaina, ny fepetra iadiana amin'ny kolikoly, ny fananganana ny Zezoita, ny fananganana seminera, ny fanamafisana indray ny foto-pinoana nentim-paharazana ary ny firongatry ny lamina ara-pivavahana vaovao mikendry ny fitondran-tena. fanavaozana sy asa fitoriana vaovao. Anisan'izany koa ny fivoaran'ny endrika ara-panahy vaovao nefa ortodoksa, toy ny an'ny mystika espaniola sy ny sekoly frantsay momba ny ara-panahy.

Ny Papa Pío V dia nalaza tsy tamin'ny fifantohana fotsiny tamin'ny fampitsaharana ny fivavahan-diso sy ny fanararaotana ara-tontolo iainana teo anivon'ny Fiangonana, fa koa tamin'ny fifantohany tamin'ny fanatsarana ny fitiavam-bavaka ho an'ny besinimaro amin'ny ezaka mafy mba hampitsaharana ny antson'ny Protestanta. Natomboka tamin'ny fanomezana fiantrana lehibe ho an'ny mahantra, ny fiantrana ary ny hopitaly i Pius, ary ny papa dia nalaza tamin'ny fampiononana ny mahantra sy ny marary ary koa ny fanohanana ireo misionera. Ireo hetsika ireo dia nifanindran-dalana tamin’ny fahitana indray ireo tranoben’ny Kristiana fahiny tany Roma. Araka ny nambaran’i Diarmaid MacCulloch hoe: “Tahaka ny nisehoan’ireo maritiora fahiny ireo indray, dia nanomboka novonoina ho maritiora indray ny Katolika, na tany amin’ny sahan’ny misiona tany ampitan-dranomasina na teo amin’ny tolona mba hamerenana ny Protestanta any Eoropa avaratra: ny catacombs dia hita ho fitaomam-panahy ho an’ny maro. asa sy ho amin'ny herim-po.&quot;[160]

Nentina tany amin’ny toerana vaovao ny iraka katolika, nanomboka tamin’ny vanim-potoan’ ny fahitana tany vaovao, ary nanangana iraka tany Amerika ny Eglizy Katolika Romana.

=== Fitsarana an’i Galileo ===
Ny raharaha Galileo, izay nahatonga an'i Galileo Galilei nifandona tamin'ny Eglizy Katolika Romana noho ny fanohanany ny heliocentrism, dia matetika noheverina ho fotoana voafaritra tsara amin'ny tantaran'ny fifandraisan'ny fivavahana sy ny siansa. Namoaka ny Sidereus Nuncius (Irak'i Starry) i Galileo, tamin'ny 1610, ary nilazalaza ny zavatra nahagaga nataony tamin'ny teleskaopy vaovao. Ireo sy ny zavatra hita hafa dia nampiharihary fahasahiranana lehibe tamin'ny fahatakarana ny lanitra izay nohazonina hatramin'ny fahagola, ary niteraka fahalianana vaovao tamin'ny fampianarana mahery vaika toy ny heliocentric theory of Copernicus. Ho setrin’izany, dia nanamafy ny manam-pahaizana maro fa mitombina ny fihetsehan’ny tany sy ny tsy fihetsehan’ny masoandro, satria mifanohitra amin’ny fitantarana sasany ao amin’ny Baiboly izay takatry ny saina tamin’izany fotoana izany. Ny anjara asan’i Galileo tamin’ireo fifandirana momba ny toerana ara-teôlôjia sy filozofika dia niafara tamin’ny fitsarana azy sy ny fanamelohana azy tamin’ny 1633, noho ny fiahiahiana mafy ny amin’ny fivavahan-diso.

=== Poritanisma tany Amerika Avaratra ===
Ny fanjanahan-tany nisy fiantraikany be indrindra tany amin’ny Tontolo Vaovao dia ny an’ny Poritana anglisy protestanta tany Amerika Avaratra. Tsy toy ny Espaniola na Frantsay, ny mpanjanaka anglisy dia nanao ezaka kely mba hitory ny filazantsara tamin'ireo teratany.[161] Nandao an’i Angletera ny Puritains, na ny Pèlerins, mba hahafahan’izy ireo nipetraka teo amin’ny faritra iray nisy ny Puritanisme naorina ho fivavahana sivily tokana. Na dia nandao an’i Angletera aza izy ireo noho ny fanafoanana ny fanaony ara-pivavahana, ny ankamaroan’ny Puritains dia nanorim-ponenana tany amin’ireo Tany Ambany tany am-boalohany, saingy nahita ny fahalotoam-pitondran-tena tany, izay nisalasala ny fanjakana hampihatra ny fanao ara-pivavahana, ho toy ny tsy azo ekena, ary noho izany dia niainga ho any amin’ny Fanjakana Vaovao izy ireo. Tontolo sy ny fanantenan'ny nofonofy poritana tsy azo taterahina.

== Tapany farany amin' ny Andro Vaovao (t. 1750–t. 1945) ==

=== Fifohazana kristiana ===
Ny Fifohazana Lehibe Voalohany dia onjan'ny hafanam-po ara-pivavahana teo amin'ny Protestanta tany amin'ireo zanatany Amerikana c. 1730–1740, nanantitrantitra ny hasin’ny Reforme nentim-paharazana amin’ny fitoriana araka an’Andriamanitra, ny litorjia fototra, ary ny fahatsapana lalina ny amin’ny heloky ny tena manokana sy ny fanavotana avy amin’i Kristy Jesosy. Hitan’i Sydney E. Ahlstrom, mpahay tantara, fa anisan’ny “fikorontanana iraisam-pirenena lehibe protestanta” izy io, izay nahatonga ny fivavahan-diso tany Alemaina, ny Fifohazana ara-pilazantsara, ary ny Metodisma tany Angletera.[162] Nifantoka tamin'ny famelomana ny ara-panahin'ireo kongregasiona niorina izy io ary nisy fiantraikany tamin'ny ankamaroan'ny fiangonana Congregational, Presbyterian, Reformed Dutch, Reformed German, Baptist ary Metodista, ary niparitaka tao anatin'ny vahoaka andevo. Ny Fifohazana Lehibe Faharoa (1800–1830), tsy tahaka ny voalohany, dia nifantoka tamin’ireo tsy niangona ary nikatsaka ny hametraka ao anatin’izy ireo fahatsapana lalina momba ny famonjena manokana izay niainana tamin’ireo fivoriana fifohazana. Izany koa dia niteraka ny fiantombohan'ny vondrona toy ny Môrmôna, ny Hetsika Famerenana amin'ny laoniny ary ny hetsika fahamasinana. Ny Fifohazana Lehibe Fahatelo dia nanomboka tamin'ny 1857 ary niavaka indrindra tamin'ny fandraisana ny hetsika manerana an'izao tontolo izao, indrindra any amin'ireo firenena miteny anglisy. Ny vondrona farany nipoitra avy amin'ny &quot;fifohazana lehibe&quot; tany Amerika Avaratra dia ny Pentekotista, izay nanana ny fakany tao amin'ny hetsika Metodista, Wesleyan ary Fahamasinana, ary nanomboka tamin'ny 1906 tao amin'ny Lalana Azusa any Los Angeles. Ny Pentekotista dia nitarika ho amin'ny hetsika Charismatic taty aoriana.

=== Restaorasiônisma ===
Ny famerenana amin'ny laoniny dia manondro ny finoana fa tokony haverina amin'ny laoniny ny endrika kristiana madio kokoa amin'ny fampiasana ny fiangonana voalohany ho modely.[163]: 635 [164]: 217  Amin'ny toe-javatra maro, ireo antokon'ny Restorationista dia nino fa ny Kristianisma ankehitriny, amin'ny endriny rehetra, dia nivily lalana. avy amin’ny Kristianisma marina sy tany am-boalohany, izay noezahan’izy ireo “havaozina” avy eo, ary matetika no nampiasa ny Bokin’ny Asan’ny Apostoly ho toy ny “boky torolalana”. Tsy mazàna milaza ny tenany ho &quot;fanavaozana&quot; ny fiangonana kristianina efa nisy hatramin'ny andron'i Jesosy ireo mpandrindra ny Famerenana amin'ny laoniny, fa toy ny famerenana amin'ny laoniny ny Fiangonana izay inoany fa very tamin'ny fotoana iray. Ny &quot;Restorationism&quot; dia matetika ampiasaina hamaritana ny Hetsika Famerenana amin'ny laoniny Stone-Campbell.

Ny teny hoe &quot;mpamerenana amin'ny laoniny&quot; dia ampiasaina koa mba hilazana ny hetsika Vavolombelon'i Jehovah, naorin'i Charles Taze Russell tamin'ny faramparan'ireo taona 1870. Azo ampiasaina koa io teny io mba hamaritana ny hetsiky ny Olomasin'ny Andro Farany, anisan'izany Ny Fiangonan'i Jesoa Kristy ho an'ny Olomasin'ny Andro Farany (Fiangonan'ny Olomasin'ny Andro Farany), ny Fikambanan'i Kristy ary ireo sekta Olomasin'ny Andro Farany maro hafa. Ny Olomasin’ny Andro Farany, izay antsoina koa hoe Môrmôna, dia mino fa i Joseph Smith dia nofidina hamerina amin’ny laoniny ny fandaminana tany am-boalohany izay naorin’i Jesoa, izay “amin’ny fahafenoany” ankehitriny, fa tsy hanavao ny fiangonana.[165][166]

=== Ôrtôdôksa tatsinanana ===
Ny Eglizy Ortodoksa Rosiana dia nanana toerana ambony tao amin'ny Fanjakana Rosiana, nambara tao amin'ny teny filamatry ny empira farany tamin'ny 1833: Ortodoksa, Autokrasia ary Populisme. Na izany aza, ny fanavaozana ny Eglizy nataon’i Peter I tamin’ny fiandohan’ny taonjato faha-18 dia nametraka ny manam-pahefana ortodoksa ho eo ambany fahefan’ny tsar. Ober-procurator notendren'ny tsar no nitarika ny komity nitantana ny Fiangonana teo anelanelan'ny 1721 sy 1918: ny Synoda Masina Indrindra. Nandray anjara tamin'ny fampielezan-kevitra isan-karazany ho an'ny Rosiana ny Fiangonana, [167] ary voampanga ho nandray anjara tamin'ny fanoherana ny jiosy Rosiana,[168] na dia teo aza ny tsy fisian'ny toerana ofisialy momba ny Jodaisma toy izany.[169]

Ny Bolsheviks sy ny revolisionera Rosiana hafa dia nahita ny Fiangonana, toy ny fanjakana tsarist, ho fahavalon'ny vahoaka. Voarara mafy ny fanakianana ny tsy finoana an'Andriamanitra ary indraindray mitarika any am-ponja.[170][171][172] Ny fihetsika sasany natao tamin'ny pretra sy ny mpino ortodoksa dia nahitana fampijaliana, nalefa tany amin'ny tobin'ny fonja, toby fiasana an-terivozona na toeram-pitsaboana, ary koa ny famonoana olona.[173][174]

Tao anatin'ny dimy taona voalohany taorian'ny revolisiona Bolshevik, eveka 28 sy pretra 1200 no novonoina ho faty.[176] Anisan'izany ny olona toa an'i Grand Duchess Elizabeth Fyodorovna izay monastic tamin'izany fotoana izany. Nisy namono niaraka taminy: Grand Duke Sergei Mikhailovich Romanov; ny Printsy Ioann Konstantinvich, Konstantin Konstantinovich, Igor Konstantinovich ary Vladimir Pavlovich Paley; Ny sekreteran'i Grand Duke Sergei, Fyodor Remez; ary Varvara Yakovleva, anabavy avy ao amin'ny tranon'ny Grand Duchess Elizabeth.

=== Ny fironana amin'ny teôlôjia kristiana ===
Ny kristianisma liberaly, izay antsoina indraindray hoe teolojia liberaly, dia teny elo mirakitra ireo hetsika ara-pivavahana sy toe-po ara-filozofia amin'ny faramparan'ny taonjato faha-18, faha-19 ary faha-20. Ny teny hoe &quot;liberaly&quot; ao amin'ny Kristianisma liberaly dia tsy manondro fandaharam-potoana ara-politika ankavia na antokom-pinoana, fa kosa amin'ny fahalalahana amin'ny fizotry ny dialektika mifandray amin'ny filozofia kaontinanta sy ireo paradigma filozofika sy ara-pinoana hafa novolavolaina nandritra ny vanim-potoanan'ny Fahazavana.

Ny Kristianisma Fondamentalista dia hetsika izay nipoitra indrindra tao anatin'ny Protestanta Britanika sy Amerikana tamin'ny faramparan'ny taonjato faha-19 sy ny fiandohan'ny taonjato faha-20 ho setrin'ny modernisma sy ireo vondrona Protestanta liberaly sasany izay nandà ireo fotopampianarana heverina ho fototry ny Kristianisma nefa mbola niantso ny tenany ho &quot;Kristianina&quot;. Noho izany, ny fondamentalisme dia nitady hanangana indray ireo foto-pinoana izay tsy azo lavina raha tsy miala amin'ny maha-kristiana azy, dia ny &quot;fototra&quot;: tsy fahatomombanan'ny Baiboly, ny foto-kevitry ny sola scriptura, ny nahaterahan'i Jesosy Virjiny, ny fampianarana momba ny sorompanavotana fanolo, ny ara-batana. ny fitsanganan’i Jesosy tamin’ny maty, ary ny fiverenan’i Jesosy Kristy tsy ho ela.

=== Teo ambanin' ny kômonisma sy ny nazisma ===
Teo ambanin’ny tsy finoan’ny fanjakana an' Andriamanitra tany amin’ny Firaisana Sovietika sy ny Vondrona Tatsinanana, dia niharan’ny fanenjehana ny Kristianina avy amin’ny antokom-pinoana maro, ka nisy fiangonana sy monasitera maro noravana, ary nisy mpitondra fivavahana novonoina ho faty.[177][178][179]

Sarotra be ny toeran'ny Kristianina voan'ny Nazisma.[180] Nanambara ny Papa Pie XI – Mit brennender Sorge – fa nanafina “fikasana mpanompo sampy” ny fitondram-panjakana fasista ary naneho ny tsy firindran’ny toeran’ny Katolika sy ny fanompoam-pivavahana fasista tsy refesi-mandidy, izay nametraka ny firenena ho ambonin’Andriamanitra, ny zon’olombelona fototra ary ny fahamendrehana. Ny fanambarany fa “Semita avokoa [ny Kristianina] ara-panahy” no nanosika ny Nazia hanome azy ny anaram-boninahitra hoe “Raby Lehiben’ny Tontolo Kristiana”[181].

Novonoina tany amin’ny toby fitanana niaraka tamin’ny Jiosy ny pretra katolika; Ohatra, pretra katolika 2 600 no nigadra tany Dachau, ary 2 000 tamin’izy ireo no novonoina ho faty (jer. Priesterblock). Pretra poloney 2 700 fanampiny no novonoina (ny ampahefatry ny pretra poloney rehetra), ary masera poloney 5 350 no nafindra toerana, na nogadraina, na novonoina ho faty.[182] Laika sy mpitondra fivavahana katolika maro no nandray anjara lehibe tamin’ny fialokalofana ny Jiosy nandritra ny Fandripahana Tambabe, anisan’izany ny Papa Pie XII. Lasa Katolika ny lehiben'ny raby tao Roma tamin'ny 1945, ary ho fanomezam-boninahitra ny hetsika nataon'ny papa mba hamonjena ny ain'ny Jiosy, dia naka ny anarana hoe Eugenio (anaran'ny papa).[183] Nanambara toy izao ny konsily israeliana teo aloha tany Italia: “Ny Eglizy Katolika dia nanavotra ain’ny Jiosy maro kokoa nandritra ny ady noho ny fiangonana hafa rehetra, sy ny andrim-panjakana ara-pivavahana ary ny fikambanana mpamonjy voina nitambatra.”[184]

Sarotra be ny fifandraisan’ny Nazisma sy ny Protestanta, indrindra fa ny Fiangonana Loterana alemà. Na dia maro aza [185] mpitarika fiangonana protestanta tany Alemaina no nanohana ny hetsika fanoherana ny jiosy nitombo, ny sasany toa an'i Dietrich Bonhoeffer (mpitandrina Loterana) ao amin'ny Fiangonana Confession, hetsika ao anatin'ny Protestanta izay nanohitra mafy ny Nazisma, dia nanohitra mafy ny Fahatelo. Reich. Taty aoriana dia hita fa meloka tamin’ny firaisana tsikombakomba hamono an’i Hitler sy novonoina ho faty i Bonhoeffer.

== Kristianisma ankehitriny ==

=== Kônsily Vatikana faharoa ===
Ny 11 Oktobra 1962, ny Papa Joany XXIII dia nanokatra ny Konsily Vatikana Faharoa, ny konsily ekiomenika faha-21 an’ny Eglizy Katolika. Ny konsily dia “pastoral” teo amin’ny natiora, nandika ny dogma tamin’ny fotony ara-tsoratra masina, nanavao ny fomba fanao litorzika, ary nanome tari-dalana amin’ny fanehoana ny fampianaran’ny Fiangonana nentim-paharazana amin’izao fotoana izao. Ny konsily angamba no tena nalaza noho ny toromarika nomeny fa azo atao amin’ny fiteny eo an-toerana sy amin’ny teny latinina ny Lamesa.

=== Ekiomenisma ===
Ny ekiomenisma dia manondro ny hetsika misy eo amin'ny vondrona kristiana mba hametrahana ambaratongam-piraisankina amin'ny alalan'ny fifampiresahana. Avy amin'ny teny grika hoe οἰκουμένη (oikoumene) ny ekiomenisma, izay midika hoe &quot;izao tontolo izao misy mponina&quot;, fa amin'ny heviny ara-panoharana kokoa dia zavatra toy ny &quot;firaisan'ny rehetra&quot;. Azo avahana amin'ny fihetsiketsehana katolika sy protestanta ny hetsika, ka ny eklesiôlôjia nohavaozina momba ny &quot;fivavahana&quot; (izay nolavin'ny fiangonana katolika, ankoatry ny hafa).

Nandritra ny taonjato farany, dia nisy hetsika natao mba hampihavanana ny fisarahana teo amin’ny Eglizy Katolika sy ny Eglizy Ortodoksa Tatsinanana. Na dia nisy fandrosoana aza, ny fanahiana momba ny fahefan’ny papa sy ny fahaleovantenan’ireo fiangonana ortodoksa kely kokoa dia nanakana ny fanapahan-kevitra farany momba ny fisarahana. Ny 30 Novambra 1894, ny Papa Léon XIII dia namoaka ny Orientalium Dignitas. Tamin'ny 7 Desambra 1965, ny Fanambarana iraisana Katolika-Ortodoksa nataon'ny Papa Paoly VI sy ny Patriarka Ekiomenika Athenagoras I dia navoaka izay nanafoana ny fandroahana tamin'ny taona 1054.

Ny sasany amin'ireo fanontaniana sarotra indrindra amin'ny fifandraisana amin'ny Fiangonana Tatsinanana fahiny dia mahakasika ny foto-pampianarana sasany (izany hoe Filioque, scholasticism, tanjona miasa amin'ny asceticism, ny maha-zava-dehibe an'Andriamanitra, Hesychasm, Crusade fahefatra, fananganana ny Fanjakana Latina, Uniatism ho marihina fa vitsy) ary koa ny zavatra azo ampiharina toy ny fampiharana mivaingana ny fitakiana ny maha-lehiben'ny papa sy ny fomba hiantohana fa ny firaisana ara-pivavahana dia tsy midika ho fandraisana fotsiny ny Fiangonana madinika amin'ny alalan'ny singa latina ao amin'ny Eglizy Katolika lehibe kokoa (ny antokom-pinoana tokana be indrindra ao amin'ny izao tontolo izao) ary ny fanakanana na fandaozana ny lova ara-teôlôjia, litorzika ary kolontsaina.

Mikasika ny fifandraisana katolika amin’ny vondrom-piarahamonina Protestanta, dia nisy vaomiera natsangana mba hampiroboroboana ny fifanakalozan-kevitra ary nisy antontan-taratasy novokarina natao hamantarana ireo teboka mampiray ny foto-pampianarana, toy ny Fanambarana Iombonana momba ny fotopampianaran’ny fanamarinana novokarina niaraka tamin’ny Federasiona Maneran-tany Loterana tamin’ny 1999. Hetsika ekiomenika. Ao amin'ny Protestanta dia nifantoka tamin'ny famaritana ny lisitr'ireo fotopampianarana sy fomba fanao tena ilaina amin'ny maha-Kristianina, ary miitatra amin'ny vondrona rehetra izay mahafeno ireo fepetra fototra ireo ny sata mitovy (mihoatra na latsaka), ary angamba ny vondron'ny tsirairay dia mbola mitazona ny &quot;voalohany amin'ny mitovy.&quot; &quot;mitsangana. Tafiditra ao anatin’izany dingana izany ny fanavaozana ny hevitra hoe “ny Fiangonana” avy amin’ny teolojia nentim-paharazana. Ity ecclesiology ity, fantatra amin'ny anarana hoe denominationalism, dia milaza fa ny vondrona tsirairay (izay mahafeno ny fepetra ilaina amin'ny maha-Kristianina) dia vondron'olona iray lehibe kokoa amin'ny &quot;Fiangonana Kristiana&quot;, ny tenany dia hevitra tsy misy dikany tsy misy fanehoana mivantana, izany hoe, tsy misy vondrona. , na “anaram-piangonana”, dia milaza ho “ny Fiangonana”. Io eklesiôlôjia io dia mifanipaka amin’ny vondrona hafa izay mihevitra ny tenany ho “ny Fiangonana”. Ny “fepetra tena ilaina” amin’ny ankapobeny dia ny finoana ny Trinite, ny finoana fa i Jesoa Kristy no hany lalana ahazoana famelan-keloka sy fiainana mandrakizay, ary Jesosy dia maty sy nitsangana tamin’ny maty.

=== Hetsika evanjelika sy pentekôtista ary kristianisma karismatika ===
Ho setrin'ireo fivoarana ireo dia nipoitra ho hetsika ara-sosialy-politika-fivavahana ny fondamentalisma kristiana ho fandavana izay heverin'ny Kristiana maro ho fitaomana mahery vaika avy amin'ny filôzôfika humanisme izay misy fiantraikany amin'ny fivavahana kristiana, araka ny filazan'izy ireo. Nifantoka indrindra tamin'ny fomba fanakianana ny fandikana ny Baiboly, sy ny fiezahana hanakana ny fidirana ao amin'ny fiangonany amin'ny alàlan'ny fiheverana ara-tsiansa tsy ara-pivavahana, nanomboka niseho tao amin'ny antokom-pinoana kristiana isan-karazany ny Kristiana fondamentalista ho toy ny fihetsiketsehana tsy miankina maro manohitra ny fivoarana izay noheveriny ho fiviliana. lavitry ny kristianisma ara-tantara. Rehefa nandeha ny fotoana dia nizara roa lehibe ny hetsika ara-pilazantsara, ka ny anarana hoe Fôndamentalista dia manaraka sampana iray, raha ny teny hoe Evanjelika kosa no lasa faneva tiana ho an'ny lafiny antonony kokoa. Na dia tany amin'ny tontolo miteny anglisy aza no niandohan'ny roa tonta amin'ny Filazantsara, ny ankamaroan'ny Evanjelika ankehitriny dia mipetraka any an-toeran-kafa eto amin'izao tontolo izao.

=== Kristianisma maneran-tany ===
Ny Kristianisma Maneran-tany, izay fantatra amin'ny anarana hoe &quot;Kristianisma maneran-tany&quot;, dia nofaritana ho teny iray izay manandrana mampita ny toetra maneran-tanin'ny fivavahana Kristiana [18] [21] [188] ary sehatra fianarana akademika izay ahitana fanadihadiana ny tantara. , fomba amam-panao ary lahateny momba ny Kristianisma amin'ny maha-fivavahana eran'izao tontolo izao sy ny endriny isan-karazany izay hita any amin'ireo kontinanta enina[189]. Na izany aza, matetika io teny io dia mifantoka amin'ny &quot;Kristiana tsy tandrefana&quot; izay &quot;misy (matetika ny exotic) ny finoana Kristiana any amin'ny 'izao tontolo izao Atsimo', any Azia, Afrika, ary Amerika Latina. endrika diasporika amin'ny Kristianisma any Karaiba, [187] Amerika Atsimo, [187] Eoropa Andrefana, [191] ary Amerika Avaratra.[191]</text>
      <sha1>ja2dh3qhblv4m912fd9bjjvx8bt1j3a</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Neoplatonisma</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>282285</id>
    <redirect title="Neôplatônisma" />
    <revision>
      <id>1047029</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-19T12:05:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Thelezifor</username>
        <id>15140</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>nanova ny anaran'i [[Neoplatonisma]] ho [[Neôplatônisma]] i Thelezifor</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="31" xml:space="preserve">#FIHODINANA [[Neôplatônisma]]</text>
      <sha1>2spzmif3t83vwjvqiwvoizp4c9bhfmu</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Konsily faharoa tao Nikea</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>282286</id>
    <redirect title="Kônsily faharoa tao Nikea" />
    <revision>
      <id>1047032</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-19T13:03:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Thelezifor</username>
        <id>15140</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>nanova ny anaran'i [[Konsily faharoa tao Nikea]] ho [[Kônsily faharoa tao Nikea]] i Thelezifor</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="42" xml:space="preserve">#FIHODINANA [[Kônsily faharoa tao Nikea]]</text>
      <sha1>8imx118w77fmyjdhnlctm4yvxlkz27p</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
</mediawiki>