Wikipedia mgwiki https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Fandraisana MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.24 first-letter Rakitra Manokana Dinika Mpikambana Dinika amin'ny mpikambana Wikipedia Dinika amin'ny Wikipedia Sary Dinika amin'ny sary MediaWiki Dinika amin'ny MediaWiki Endrika Dinika amin'ny endrika Fanoroana Dinika amin'ny fanoroana Sokajy Dinika amin'ny sokajy TimedText TimedText talk Module Discussion module Event Event talk 0 14790 1152506 905657 2026-10-25T07:36:27Z ~2026-56954-84 41436 /* */ Vincent Bouget 1152506 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Coord|43.8378|4.3608}} {{infobox tanàna |tanàna=Nîmes |firenena={{Frantsa}} |faritany=[[Languedoc-Roussillon]] |velarantany=161.85 |isam-ponina=140267 |ben'ny tanàna=Vincent Bouget }} [[sary:Blason ville fr Nîmes (Gard).svg|120px|thumb|right|Mari-piandrian'i Nîmes]] I '''Nîmes''' dia kaominina ao amin'ny fivondronan'i Nîmes, ao amin'ny departemantan'i [[Gard]], ao amin'ny faritr'i [[Languedoc-Roussillon]], ao [[Frantsa]]. Ny INSEE dia mampiasa ny kaodim-paositra 30189. I Jean-Paul Fournier no ben'ny tanàna mandritry ny taona 2008&ndash;2014. Ilay kaominina dia kaominina mpikambana amin'ny fivondronan-kaominin'i Nîmes Métropole == Jeografia == Ny isam-ponin'i Nîmes dia 140267 mponina araka ny fanisana natao tamin'ny taona 2008. Ny haavon'ny toerana ambany indrindra dia 21 metatra. Ny haavon'ny toerana avo indrindra dia 215 metatra. Ny fisiana ara-daharampehintany ary ara-daharanjarahasin'ilay kaominina dia 43.8378° ary 4.3608° amin'ny soratra desimaly. Ny faritr'ora dia GMT+1. == Rohy ivelany == * : Tranonkala * [http://www.communes.com/recherche/?q=Nîmes Eo amin'i www.communes.com] <references/> [[Sokajy:Tanàna ao amin'ny faritr'i Gard]] ftg57ii4yepg2bzkeozexxeyksbypxx 0 64222 1152469 918370 2026-10-24T12:34:04Z InternetArchiveBot 25011 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1152469 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Coord|45.57|5.9118}} {{infobox tanàna |tanàna=Chambéry |firenena={{Frantsa}} |faritany=[[Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes]] |velarantany=20.99 |isam-ponina=56835 |ben'ny tanàna= }} [[sary:Blason de Chambéry.svg|120px|thumb|right|Mari-piandrian'i Chambéry]] I '''Chambéry''' dia kaominina ao amin'ny fivondronan'i , ao amin'ny departemantan'i [[Savoie]], ao amin'ny faritr'i [[Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes]], ao [[Frantsa]]. Ny INSEE dia mampiasa ny kaodim-paositra 73065. I no ben'ny tanàna mandritry ny taona 2008–2014. Ilay kaominina dia kaominina mpikambana amin'ny fivondronan-kaominin'i Chambéry Métropole == Jeografia == Ny isam-ponin'i Chambéry dia 56835 mponina araka ny fanisana natao tamin'ny taona January&nbsp;2008<ref name. Ny haavon'ny toerana ambany indrindra dia 245 metatra. Ny haavon'ny toerana avo indrindra dia 560 metatra. Ny fisiana ara-daharampehintany ary ara-daharanjarahasin'ilay kaominina dia 45.57° ary 5.9118° amin'ny soratra desimaly. Ny faritr'ora dia GMT+1. == Rohy ivelany == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20160915111558/http://www.chambery.fr/ www.chambery.fr] : Tranonkala * [http://www.communes.com/recherche/?q=Chambéry Eo amin'i www.communes.com] <references/> [[Sokajy:Tanàna ao amin'ny faritr'i Savoie]] 2oe1z0otvx6upivp56tn0tmm7t7kxur 0 72091 1152504 1090653 2026-10-25T01:10:50Z ~2026-53342-25 41238 1152504 wikitext text/x-wiki {{coord|22|30|32|S|45|16|48|W|}} {{infobox tanàna |anarana =Delfim Moreira (Minas Gerais) |velarantany = 408,181 |isam-ponina =7.952 |haavo = 1385 |firenena ={{BRA}} |fanjakana = {{Minas Gerais}} |ben'ny tanàna = |sary =Festival Gastronômico e Igreja Matriz em Delfim Moreira.jpg |saina =Bandeira Delfim Moreira.png }} I '''Delfim Moreira (Minas Gerais)''' dia kaominina ao [[Brazila]], ao amin'i {{Minas Gerais}}, ao amin'i [[Sul e Sudoeste de Minas]], [[Zana-paritan'i Itajubá|Itajubá]]. == Jeografia == Ny velarantanin'ilay tanàna dia 408,181 kilometatra toradroa. Ny isam-ponina dia 7.952 tamin'ny taona 2022 . == Jereo koa == {{reflist}} {{commonscat}} [[sokajy:Tanàna ao Minas Gerais]] kdxofjt2zvz0hws4fd5xkwrkp9ss31z 0 72451 1152503 953964 2026-10-25T00:58:45Z ~2026-53342-25 41238 1152503 wikitext text/x-wiki {{coord|-22.425560|-45.452780}} {{infobox tanàna |anarana =Itajubá |velarantany = 290,450 |isam-ponina = 90.225 |haavo = 856 |firenena ={{BRA}} |fanjakana = {{Minas Gerais}} |ben'ny tanàna = |sary =Cidade de Itajubá.jpg |saina =Bandeira de itajubá.gif }} [[File:MinasGerais Municip Itajuba.svg|thumb|left|Itajuba]] Kaominina [[Brezila|breziliana]] i '''Itajubá''' any atsimon'ny fanjakan'i {{Minas Gerais}}. Ny mponina ao aminy tamin'ny taona 2010 dia 96.855 mponina, ary 445 km miala an'i [[Belo Horizonte]]. ==Jeografia== Ny velarantanin'ilay tanàna dia 290,450 kilometatra toradroa. Manamorona ny tanànan'i [[São José do Alegre]], [[Maria da Fé]], [[Wenceslau Braz]], [[Piranguçu]], [[Piranguinho]] ary [[Delfim Moreira (Minas Gerais)|Delfim Moreira]] izy io. == Jereo koa == {{commonscat}} [[sokajy:Tanàna ao Minas Gerais]] pfgylnhfj0b5u8i2odujib16mqqeaja 0 202680 1152502 1103662 2026-10-24T20:56:01Z CommonsDelinker 112 Replacing Venison_cropped.png with [[File:Barry_Venison.png]] (by [[:c:User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] because: [[:c:COM:FR|File renamed]]:). 1152502 wikitext text/x-wiki {{infobox olona |sary=Barry Venison.png |anarana=Barry Venison |teraka=16 Aogositra 1964 |maty= |firenena={{Fanjakana Mitambatra}} |mpiaraka= |asa= * [[mpilalao baolina kitra]] |taona niasàna= }} '''Barry Venison''' dia mpilalao baolina kitra mizaka ny zom-pirenen'i [[Fanjakana Mitambatra]] teraka ny 16 Aogositra 1964 == Jereo koa == * [[Biôgrafia]] [[sokajy:Biôgrafia]] {{vangovango}} [[sokajy:mpilalao baolina kitra britanika]] e2jejgp62e2ir98enxlv4pc0hpcoenq 0 278794 1152471 1122526 2026-10-24T13:39:45Z Thelezifor 15140 nanova ny anaran'i [[Serfa]] ho [[Cervidae]] i Thelezifor 1122526 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:White-tailed_deer.jpg|thumb|Serfa na diera|257x257px]] Ny '''serfa''' na '''diera''' (''Cervidae'') dia fianakaviam-biby misy nono, mandinika, manana rantsan-tongotra tsiroaroa isan-tongotra. Anisan' izany ny [[serfa mena]] na [[diera mena]] (''Cervus elaphus''), ny [[kapreôlo]] (''Capreolus capreolus''), ny [[karibo]] (''Rangifer tarandus''), ny [[ôrinaly]] (''Alces alces'') ary ny [[dama eorôpeana]] (''Dama dama''), ary koa ireo karazana tsy dia fantatra toy ny [[podo]] (''Pudu'') sy ny [[dieran-drano]] (''Hydropotes inermis''). [[Sary:Cervus elaphus Luc Viatour 6.jpg|vignette|150x150px|Diera mena]] [[Sary:Capreolus capreolus 2 Jojo.jpg|vignette|147x147px|Kapreôlo]] Ny mampiavaka ny serfa dia izy manana tandroka misampana, taova misy taolana mety mihintsana eo amin'ny lohan'ny lahy. Na izany aza, misy ny vitsivitsy maningana: amin' ny karibo dia samy manana tandroka ny lahy sy ny vavy; amin' ny karazana sasany dia tsy misy ny tandroka toy ny an' ny dieran-drano, na tandroka mitranga kely toy ny an' ny podo sy ny an' ny [[mazama]] (''Mazama''). Mihintsana isan-taona ny tandroky ny serfa. [[Sary:20070818-0001-strolling reindeer-2.jpg|vignette|147x147px|Karibo]] Ny serfa no biby dia mandinika lehibe farany any amin' ny faritra manana toetrandro antonony. Manerana izao tontolo izao dia misy karazany efatra amby efapolo voatsinjara ho genera fito ambin' ny folo. [[Sary:Wading moose.jpg|vignette|147x147px|Ôrinaly]] Ny serfa mahazatra indrindra any amin' ny alan' i [[Eorôpa]] dia ny serfa mena (''Cervus elaphus''), ny kapreôlo (''Capreolus capreolus'') ary ny dama eorôpeana (''Dama dama''). Any [[Skandinavia]] dia misy koa ny karibo (''Rangifer tarandus'') sy ny ôrinaly (''Alces alces''), izay hita any [[Eorôpa Afovoany]]. Ny karazana hafa dia efa namboarina hahatanty toetrandro tany Eorôpa ary hita any indraindray, toy ny [[serfa sika]] (''Cervus nippon''). [[Sary:Fallow deer in field (cropped).jpg|vignette|146x146px|Dama eorôpeana]] [[Sary:Southern Pudu, Edinburgh Zoo.jpg|vignette|142x142px|Podo]] [[Sary:Hydropotes inermis male.JPG|vignette|149x149px|Dieran-drano]] [[Sary:Mazama americana.jpg|vignette|147x147px|Mazama]] Ny haben' ny serfa dia miovaova ka misy ny mitovy amin' ny an' ny bitro (ny an' ny podo), misyny mitovy amin' ny an' ny soavaly lehibe (ny ôrinaly), misy ny anelanelan’ izay. == Jereo koa== * [[Serfa mena]] * [[Kapreôlo]] * [[Karibo]] * [[Ôrinaly]] * [[Oapity]] {{reflist}} [[Sokajy:Serfa]] ==Jereo Koa== [[Sokajy:Cervus]] 7xu1pbhy1swv295j3bkr911op1ns3am 1152473 1152471 2026-10-24T13:40:53Z Thelezifor 15140 Nanova anarana 1152473 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:White-tailed_deer.jpg|thumb|Serfa na diera|257x257px]] Ny '''''Cervidae''''' dia fianakaviam-biby misy nono, mandinika, manana rantsan-tongotra tsiroaroa isan-tongotra. Atao hoe '''serfa''' na '''diera''' ny karazana ao aminy. Anisan' izany ny [[serfa mena]] na [[diera mena]] (''Cervus elaphus''), ny [[kapreôlo]] (''Capreolus capreolus''), ny [[karibo]] (''Rangifer tarandus''), ny [[ôrinaly]] (''Alces alces'') ary ny [[dama eorôpeana]] (''Dama dama''), ary koa ireo karazana tsy dia fantatra toy ny [[podo]] (''Pudu'') sy ny [[dieran-drano]] (''Hydropotes inermis''). [[Sary:Cervus elaphus Luc Viatour 6.jpg|vignette|150x150px|Diera mena]] [[Sary:Capreolus capreolus 2 Jojo.jpg|vignette|147x147px|Kapreôlo]] Ny mampiavaka ny serfa dia izy manana tandroka misampana, taova misy taolana mety mihintsana eo amin'ny lohan'ny lahy. Na izany aza, misy ny vitsivitsy maningana: amin' ny karibo dia samy manana tandroka ny lahy sy ny vavy; amin' ny karazana sasany dia tsy misy ny tandroka toy ny an' ny dieran-drano, na tandroka mitranga kely toy ny an' ny podo sy ny an' ny [[mazama]] (''Mazama''). Mihintsana isan-taona ny tandroky ny serfa. [[Sary:20070818-0001-strolling reindeer-2.jpg|vignette|147x147px|Karibo]] Ny serfa no biby dia mandinika lehibe farany any amin' ny faritra manana toetrandro antonony. Manerana izao tontolo izao dia misy karazany efatra amby efapolo voatsinjara ho genera fito ambin' ny folo. [[Sary:Wading moose.jpg|vignette|147x147px|Ôrinaly]] Ny serfa mahazatra indrindra any amin' ny alan' i [[Eorôpa]] dia ny serfa mena (''Cervus elaphus''), ny kapreôlo (''Capreolus capreolus'') ary ny dama eorôpeana (''Dama dama''). Any [[Skandinavia]] dia misy koa ny karibo (''Rangifer tarandus'') sy ny ôrinaly (''Alces alces''), izay hita any [[Eorôpa Afovoany]]. Ny karazana hafa dia efa namboarina hahatanty toetrandro tany Eorôpa ary hita any indraindray, toy ny [[serfa sika]] (''Cervus nippon''). [[Sary:Fallow deer in field (cropped).jpg|vignette|146x146px|Dama eorôpeana]] [[Sary:Southern Pudu, Edinburgh Zoo.jpg|vignette|142x142px|Podo]] [[Sary:Hydropotes inermis male.JPG|vignette|149x149px|Dieran-drano]] [[Sary:Mazama americana.jpg|vignette|147x147px|Mazama]] Ny haben' ny serfa dia miovaova ka misy ny mitovy amin' ny an' ny bitro (ny an' ny podo), misyny mitovy amin' ny an' ny soavaly lehibe (ny ôrinaly), misy ny anelanelan’ izay. == Jereo koa== * [[Serfa mena]] * [[Kapreôlo]] * [[Karibo]] * [[Ôrinaly]] * [[Oapity]] {{reflist}} [[Sokajy:Serfa]] ==Jereo Koa== [[Sokajy:Cervus]] ju8e5g1q3aarwer2nedozihlcxj63ls 0 279218 1152486 1146096 2026-10-24T14:02:41Z Thelezifor 15140 Namafa soratra tsy ilaina izay hamoronana pejy vaovao: Musa 1152486 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:Colbanana01.jpg|vignette|374x374px|Tanin' akondro]] Ny '''akondro''' dia [[Angiospermae|zamaniry mamony]] [[tokan-dravin-tsimoka]] isan-karazany ao amin' ny antokon-javamaniry ''[[Musa]]'', ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Musaceae]]''. Maniry maharitra taona maro ireo io sady be ravina, maitso lalandava, mitahiry rano betsaka sady amin' ny ankapobeny fihinam-boa. Tsy [[Hazo (zavamaniry)|hazo]] fa [[zavamaniry ahitra]] ny akondro, tsy araka ny bika aman' endriny. Raha ny marina dia tsy tena manana vatany izy, fa fitambarana ravina no mampitsangana azy. Maniry amin' ny faritra trôpikaly avokoa amin' ny ankamaroany ny ankondro izay ambolena hahazoana voany atao hoe [[Akondro (voany)|akondro]] ihany koa. Zavamaniry avy any [[Azia Atsimo-Atsinanana]] ny akondro, nefa vokarina manerana ny faritra mafana sy mando izy ankehitriny. == Toerana ahafahan' ny akondro maniry == [[Sary:Starr 050826-4195 Musa sp..jpg|vignette|Akondro|281x281px]] Vokatra fahita manerana ny faritra rehetra manana [[toetanin-jana-pehin-tany]] ny akondro. Afaka maniry amin' ny toerana rehetra misy rano ny akondro na amin' ny tany mananana toetany misy [[ririnina]] tsy dia mangatsiaka loatra (toy ny an’ ny vondon-nosy [[Vondronosy Canarias|Canarias]] izay niavian' ny fambolena akondro any [[Amerika]]) na amin' ny tany mafana. Tsy afaka maniry amin' ny tany be [[orampanala]] anefa izy. Ny sala-maripana anatin' ny taona ahafahany maniry dia 20&nbsp;°C, mila [[orana]] eo anelanelan' ny 1&nbsp;500&nbsp;mm  sy 2&nbsp;000&nbsp;mm  izy  hahafahany maniry tsara ary mila rivotra mando. Ny [[antsanga]] misy fotaka entin’ ny [[renirano]] sy ny ony no nofon-tany tiany aniriana. == Toetoetrany == === Ny vatan' ny akondro === Ny vatan' ny akondro dia tsy inona fa ny tahon-dravina mifanosona sy mifampiditra ka miendrika [[varingarina]] matevina. Rehefa lehibe ny vatan' akondro dia mahatratra 3 hatramin' ny 12 m. === Ny ravina === [[Sary:Musa beccarii (Bananier) - 77.jpg|vignette|Akondro|309x309px]] Ny eny an-tampon' izany vatan' akondro izany dia ivoahan’ ny [[Ravina (zavamaniry)|ravina]] be velarana miainga avy eo afovoany ka mitodika any ivelany toa tana-masoandro, ny ankamaroan'ny raviny (ireo tsy eo afovoany) dia miondrika manondro ny tany. === Ny voniny === [[Sary:Flower banana.jpg|vignette|210x210px|Embok' akondro|ankavia]] Mivoaka avy eo afovoan' izay ivo isarahan'ny foto-dravina ny tahom-bonin' ny akondro. Ny vony lahy dia eo am-pototr' ilay tahom-bony fa ny vony vavy kosa dia eo an-tendron' ny tahom-bony. === Ny voan' akondro === Tsy misy [[Vihim-boa|vihiny]] ny [[Akondro (voany)|voan' akondro]], ka noho izany ny fampitomboan-taranaky ny akondro dia amin' ny alalan' ny zanany izay mipoitra avy eo am-potony avy amin' ny [[Faka|fakany]] any anaty tany. Mirefy 10 sm hatramin' ny 40 sm ny halavan' ny voan' akondro. Ny salan-danjan' ny embok' akondro iray dia eo amin' ny 10 kg eo nefa misy embok' akondro mahatratra 20 kg.  Ny 75 % amin' ny lanjan' ny voan' akondro dia [[rano]] fa ny 21 % kosa dia [[gliosida]]. === Tsingerim-piainan' ny akondro === [[Sary:2018 06 TropicalIslands IMG 2170.jpg|vignette|''[[Musa × paradisiaca]]''|226x226px]] Ahitana [[Embok' akondro|emboka]] izay maty aorian' ny fahamasahan' ny voany ny vatan' akondro. Ny fakan' akondro izay milevina any anaty tany no tsy maty fa manome zanany afaka mitomba ho akondro vaovao isan-taona. Mitombo haingana ny akondro ka mahatonga ny voany ho masaka ao anatin' ny 10 volana aorian' ny fambolena zanak' akondro sy 3 volana aorian' ny fivoahan' ny [[Voninkazo|voniny]]. == Famokarana sy fampiasana ny akondro == === Famokarana akondro   === [[Sary:Musa acuminata1.jpg|vignette|''[[Musa acuminata]]'']]Na dia avy any [[Azia]] aza ny akondro dia avy ao [[Afrika]] ny antsasaky ny vokatra [[Akondro (voany)|akondro]] maneran-tany, nefa lany ao Afrika avokoa ny ankabetsahan' ny vokatra. Ny firenena any [[Amerika Afovoany]] sy [[Amerika Avaratra]] no tena manondrana akondro. === Fampiasana ny akondro === [[Sary:Abaca fiber.jpg|vignette|''[[Musa textilis]]'' sy ny [[tsiraka]] azo avy aminy.|208x208px]]Ahazoana voany mamy izay azo hanina rehefa masaka ny akondro sasany, ny karazany hafa indray dia manome voany izay tsy maintsy ahandroina satria tsy tena mamy (''[[Musa paradisiaca]]''). Misy ny akondro volena mba hakana ny tsiratsiraka sy ny ravina eny aminy (''[[Musa textilis]]''), izay ampiasaina amin' ny fanamboarana [[taratasy]] sy [[tady]]. Misy koa karazan' akondro ahazoana ny tadin' abaka. == Aretina mpahazo ny akondro == Betsaka ny aretina izay afaka manimba ny akondro eny amin' ny toeram-pambolena manontolo. Tokony hisafidy karazana akondro tsara raha te hahazo vokatra mahafa-po sady hampihena ny vola lany amin' ny fikarakarana ny fahasalamany. == Jereo koa == * ''[[Musa]]'' * [[Akondro (voany)]] * [[Voankazo]] * [[Manga]] * [[Voasary]] * [[Voasarimakirana]] * [[Mandarinina (zavamaniry)]] * [[Laoranjy]] * [[Paoma]] * [[Paiso]] == Rohy ivelany == * [http://www.nutritiondata.com/facts-B00001-01c20Tm.html Complete nutritional information.] * [http://www.inibap.org/ International Network for the Improvement of Banana and Plantain (INIBAP)] * [http://www.honduras.com/fhia/engl-menu.htm Honduran Foundation of Agricultural Research (FHIA)] {{Wayback|url=http://www.honduras.com/fhia/engl-menu.htm |date=20111214122041 }} * [http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/morton/banana.html Banana from ''Fruits of Warm Climates'' by Julia Morton] * [http://www.uga.edu/fruit/banana.htm Banana and Plantain - University of Georgia] {{Wayback|url=http://www.uga.edu/fruit/banana.htm |date=20060810044214 }} * [http://www.crfg.org/pubs/ff/banana.html Banana Fruit Facts - California Rare Fruit Growers] {{Wayback|url=http://www.crfg.org/pubs/ff/banana.html |date=20201017075339 }}. * [http://www.pacificbiological.org.au/projects/PBF_02_3/pbf_02_3.htm Tracing antiquity of banana cultivation in Papua New Guinea] {{Wayback|url=http://www.pacificbiological.org.au/projects/PBF_02_3/pbf_02_3.htm |date=20051018030537 }} * [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/2664373.stm Bananas could split for good] * [http://www.fao.org/english/newsroom/news/2003/13120-en.html Bananas not on verge of extinction, says FAO] {{Wayback|url=http://www.fao.org/english/newsroom/news/2003/13120-en.html |date=20050829070721 }}. * [http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2003-02/aps-ppu021403.php Plant pathologists unpeel rumors of banana extinction] {{Wayback|url=http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2003-02/aps-ppu021403.php |date=20070126100813 }} * [http://www.delaat.nl/main.php?main=ripening&sub=intro&ln=en De Laat Koudetechniek - Information about ripeningrooms] {{Wayback|url=http://www.delaat.nl/main.php?main=ripening&sub=intro&ln=en |date=20070929033856 }} * [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8044524&dopt=Abstract The influence of banana stem e] [[Sokajy:Voankazo]] 4ewhe8vecdzy6y84m61872po8y8ypkf 1152488 1152486 2026-10-24T14:29:48Z Thelezifor 15140 Nandamina lahatsoratra 1152488 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:Colbanana01.jpg|vignette|374x374px|Tanin' akondro]] Ny '''akondro''' dia [[Angiospermae|zamaniry mamony]] [[tokan-dravin-tsimoka]] isan-karazany ao amin' ny antokon-javamaniry ''[[Musa]]'', ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Musaceae]]''. Maniry maharitra taona maro ireo io sady be ravina, maitso lalandava, mitahiry rano betsaka sady amin' ny ankapobeny fihinam-boa. Tsy [[Hazo (zavamaniry)|hazo]] fa [[zavamaniry ahitra]] ny akondro, tsy araka ny bika aman' endriny. Raha ny marina dia tsy tena manana vatany izy, fa fitambarana ravina no mampitsangana azy. Maniry amin' ny faritra trôpikaly avokoa amin' ny ankamaroany ny ankondro izay ambolena hahazoana voany atao hoe [[Akondro (voany)|akondro]] ihany koa. Zavamaniry avy any [[Azia Atsimo-Atsinanana]] ny akondro, nefa vokarina manerana ny faritra mafana sy mando izy ankehitriny. Ny akondro fantatra indrindra dia ny ''[[Musa × paradisiaca]]'' izay safiotra avy amin' ny ''[[Musa acuminata]]'' and ''[[Musa balbisiana]]''. == Toerana ahafahan' ny akondro maniry == [[Sary:Starr 050826-4195 Musa sp..jpg|vignette|Akondro|281x281px]] Vokatra fahita manerana ny faritra rehetra manana [[toetanin-jana-pehin-tany]] ny akondro. Afaka maniry amin' ny toerana rehetra misy rano ny akondro na amin' ny tany mananana toetany misy [[ririnina]] tsy dia mangatsiaka loatra (toy ny an’ ny vondon-nosy [[Vondronosy Canarias|Canarias]] izay niavian' ny fambolena akondro any [[Amerika]]) na amin' ny tany mafana. Tsy afaka maniry amin' ny tany be [[orampanala]] anefa izy. Ny sala-maripana anatin' ny taona ahafahany maniry dia 20&nbsp;°C, mila [[orana]] eo anelanelan' ny 1&nbsp;500&nbsp;mm  sy 2&nbsp;000&nbsp;mm  izy  hahafahany maniry tsara ary mila rivotra mando. Ny [[antsanga]] misy fotaka entin’ ny [[renirano]] sy ny ony no nofon-tany tiany aniriana. == Toetoetrany == === Ny vatan' ny akondro === Ny vatan' ny akondro dia tsy inona fa ny tahon-dravina mifanosona sy mifampiditra ka miendrika [[varingarina]] matevina. Rehefa lehibe ny vatan' akondro dia mahatratra 3 hatramin' ny 12 m. === Ny ravina === [[Sary:Musa beccarii (Bananier) - 77.jpg|vignette|Akondro|309x309px]] Ny eny an-tampon' izany vatan' akondro izany dia ivoahan’ ny [[Ravina (zavamaniry)|ravina]] be velarana miainga avy eo afovoany ka mitodika any ivelany toa tana-masoandro, ny ankamaroan'ny raviny (ireo tsy eo afovoany) dia miondrika manondro ny tany. === Ny voniny === [[Sary:Flower banana.jpg|vignette|210x210px|Embok' akondro|ankavia]] Mivoaka avy eo afovoan' izay ivo isarahan'ny foto-dravina ny tahom-bonin' ny akondro. Ny vony lahy dia eo am-pototr' ilay tahom-bony fa ny vony vavy kosa dia eo an-tendron' ny tahom-bony. === Ny voan' akondro === Tsy misy [[Vihim-boa|vihiny]] ny [[Akondro (voany)|voan' akondro]], ka noho izany ny fampitomboan-taranaky ny akondro dia amin' ny alalan' ny zanany izay mipoitra avy eo am-potony avy amin' ny [[Faka|fakany]] any anaty tany. Mirefy 10 sm hatramin' ny 40 sm ny halavan' ny voan' akondro. Ny salan-danjan' ny embok' akondro iray dia eo amin' ny 10 kg eo nefa misy embok' akondro mahatratra 20 kg.  Ny 75 % amin' ny lanjan' ny voan' akondro dia [[rano]] fa ny 21 % kosa dia [[gliosida]]. === Tsingerim-piainan' ny akondro === [[Sary:2018 06 TropicalIslands IMG 2170.jpg|vignette|''[[Musa × paradisiaca]]''|226x226px]] Ahitana [[Embok' akondro|emboka]] izay maty aorian' ny fahamasahan' ny voany ny vatan' akondro. Ny fakan' akondro izay milevina any anaty tany no tsy maty fa manome zanany afaka mitomba ho akondro vaovao isan-taona. Mitombo haingana ny akondro ka mahatonga ny voany ho masaka ao anatin' ny 10 volana aorian' ny fambolena zanak' akondro sy 3 volana aorian' ny fivoahan' ny [[Voninkazo|voniny]]. == Famokarana akondro   == [[Sary:Musa acuminata1.jpg|vignette|''[[Musa acuminata]]'']]Na dia avy any [[Azia]] aza ny akondro dia avy ao [[Afrika]] ny antsasaky ny vokatra [[Akondro (voany)|akondro]] maneran-tany, nefa lany ao Afrika avokoa ny ankabetsahan' ny vokatra. Ny firenena any [[Amerika Afovoany]] sy [[Amerika Avaratra]] no tena manondrana akondro. == Fampiasana ny akondro == [[Sary:Abaca fiber.jpg|vignette|''[[Musa textilis]]'' sy ny [[tsiraka]] azo avy aminy.|208x208px]]Ahazoana voany mamy izay azo hanina rehefa masaka ny akondro sasany, ny karazany hafa indray dia manome voany izay tsy maintsy ahandroina satria tsy tena mamy (''[[Musa × paradisiaca]]''). Misy ny akondro volena mba hakana ny tsiratsiraka sy ny ravina eny aminy (''[[Musa textilis]]''), izay ampiasaina amin' ny fanamboarana [[taratasy]] sy [[tady]]. Misy koa karazan' akondro ahazoana ny tadin' abaka. == Aretina mpahazo ny akondro == Betsaka ny aretina izay afaka manimba ny akondro eny amin' ny toeram-pambolena manontolo. Tokony hisafidy karazana akondro tsara raha te hahazo vokatra mahafa-po sady hampihena ny vola lany amin' ny fikarakarana ny fahasalamany. == Jereo koa == * ''[[Musa]] - [[Ensete]] - [[Musella]]'' * [[Akondro (voany)]] * [[Voankazo]] * [[Manga]] * [[Voasary]] * [[Voasarimakirana]] * [[Mandarinina (zavamaniry)]] * [[Laoranjy]] * [[Paoma]] * [[Paiso]] == Rohy ivelany == * [http://www.nutritiondata.com/facts-B00001-01c20Tm.html Complete nutritional information.] * [http://www.inibap.org/ International Network for the Improvement of Banana and Plantain (INIBAP)] * [http://www.honduras.com/fhia/engl-menu.htm Honduran Foundation of Agricultural Research (FHIA)] {{Wayback|url=http://www.honduras.com/fhia/engl-menu.htm |date=20111214122041 }} * [http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/morton/banana.html Banana from ''Fruits of Warm Climates'' by Julia Morton] * [http://www.uga.edu/fruit/banana.htm Banana and Plantain - University of Georgia] {{Wayback|url=http://www.uga.edu/fruit/banana.htm |date=20060810044214 }} * [http://www.crfg.org/pubs/ff/banana.html Banana Fruit Facts - California Rare Fruit Growers] {{Wayback|url=http://www.crfg.org/pubs/ff/banana.html |date=20201017075339 }}. * [http://www.pacificbiological.org.au/projects/PBF_02_3/pbf_02_3.htm Tracing antiquity of banana cultivation in Papua New Guinea] {{Wayback|url=http://www.pacificbiological.org.au/projects/PBF_02_3/pbf_02_3.htm |date=20051018030537 }} * [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/2664373.stm Bananas could split for good] * [http://www.fao.org/english/newsroom/news/2003/13120-en.html Bananas not on verge of extinction, says FAO] {{Wayback|url=http://www.fao.org/english/newsroom/news/2003/13120-en.html |date=20050829070721 }}. * [http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2003-02/aps-ppu021403.php Plant pathologists unpeel rumors of banana extinction] {{Wayback|url=http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2003-02/aps-ppu021403.php |date=20070126100813 }} * [http://www.delaat.nl/main.php?main=ripening&sub=intro&ln=en De Laat Koudetechniek - Information about ripeningrooms] {{Wayback|url=http://www.delaat.nl/main.php?main=ripening&sub=intro&ln=en |date=20070929033856 }} * [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8044524&dopt=Abstract The influence of banana stem e] [[Sokajy:Voankazo]] dibp7vd0lberoyz4dpkubrhsppyokmq 1152494 1152488 2026-10-24T15:47:15Z Thelezifor 15140 1152494 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:Colbanana01.jpg|vignette|374x374px|Tanin' akondro]] Ny '''akondro''' dia [[Angiospermae|zamaniry mamony]] [[tokan-dravin-tsimoka]] isan-karazany ao amin' ny antokon-javamaniry ''[[Musa]]'', ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Musaceae]]''. Maniry maharitra taona maro ireo io sady be ravina, maitso lalandava, mitahiry rano betsaka sady amin' ny ankapobeny fihinam-boa. Tsy [[Hazo (zavamaniry)|hazo]] fa [[zavamaniry ahitra]] ny akondro, tsy araka ny bika aman' endriny. Raha ny marina dia tsy tena manana vatany izy, fa fitambarana ravina no mampitsangana azy. Maniry amin' ny faritra trôpikaly avokoa amin' ny ankamaroany ny ankondro izay ambolena hahazoana voany atao hoe [[Akondro (voany)|akondro]] ihany koa. Zavamaniry avy any [[Azia Atsimo-Atsinanana]] ny akondro, nefa vokarina manerana ny faritra mafana sy mando izy ankehitriny. Ny akondro fantatra indrindra dia ny ''[[Musa × paradisiaca]]'' izay safiotra avy amin' ny ''[[Musa acuminata]]'' and ''[[Musa balbisiana]]''. Indreto koa ny anarana amin' ny teny malagasy ilazana azy ireo: '''fontsy''', '''ontsy''', '''kida''', na '''katakata'''. == Toerana ahafahan' ny akondro maniry == [[Sary:Starr 050826-4195 Musa sp..jpg|vignette|Akondro|281x281px]] Vokatra fahita manerana ny faritra rehetra manana [[toetanin-jana-pehin-tany]] ny akondro. Afaka maniry amin' ny toerana rehetra misy rano ny akondro na amin' ny tany mananana toetany misy [[ririnina]] tsy dia mangatsiaka loatra (toy ny an’ ny vondon-nosy [[Vondronosy Canarias|Canarias]] izay niavian' ny fambolena akondro any [[Amerika]]) na amin' ny tany mafana. Tsy afaka maniry amin' ny tany be [[orampanala]] anefa izy. Ny sala-maripana anatin' ny taona ahafahany maniry dia 20&nbsp;°C, mila [[orana]] eo anelanelan' ny 1&nbsp;500&nbsp;mm  sy 2&nbsp;000&nbsp;mm  izy  hahafahany maniry tsara ary mila rivotra mando. Ny [[antsanga]] misy fotaka entin’ ny [[renirano]] sy ny ony no nofon-tany tiany aniriana. == Toetoetrany == === Ny vatan' ny akondro === Ny vatan' ny akondro dia tsy inona fa ny tahon-dravina mifanosona sy mifampiditra ka miendrika [[varingarina]] matevina. Rehefa lehibe ny vatan' akondro dia mahatratra 3 hatramin' ny 12 m. === Ny ravina === [[Sary:Musa beccarii (Bananier) - 77.jpg|vignette|Akondro|309x309px]] Ny eny an-tampon' izany vatan' akondro izany dia ivoahan’ ny [[Ravina (zavamaniry)|ravina]] be velarana miainga avy eo afovoany ka mitodika any ivelany toa tana-masoandro, ny ankamaroan'ny raviny (ireo tsy eo afovoany) dia miondrika manondro ny tany. === Ny voniny === [[Sary:Flower banana.jpg|vignette|210x210px|Embok' akondro|ankavia]] Mivoaka avy eo afovoan' izay ivo isarahan'ny foto-dravina ny tahom-bonin' ny akondro. Ny vony lahy dia eo am-pototr' ilay tahom-bony fa ny vony vavy kosa dia eo an-tendron' ny tahom-bony. === Ny voan' akondro === Tsy misy [[Vihim-boa|vihiny]] ny [[Akondro (voany)|voan' akondro]], ka noho izany ny fampitomboan-taranaky ny akondro dia amin' ny alalan' ny zanany izay mipoitra avy eo am-potony avy amin' ny [[Faka|fakany]] any anaty tany. Mirefy 10 sm hatramin' ny 40 sm ny halavan' ny voan' akondro. Ny salan-danjan' ny embok' akondro iray dia eo amin' ny 10 kg eo nefa misy embok' akondro mahatratra 20 kg.  Ny 75 % amin' ny lanjan' ny voan' akondro dia [[rano]] fa ny 21 % kosa dia [[gliosida]]. === Tsingerim-piainan' ny akondro === [[Sary:2018 06 TropicalIslands IMG 2170.jpg|vignette|''[[Musa × paradisiaca]]''|226x226px]] Ahitana [[Embok' akondro|emboka]] izay maty aorian' ny fahamasahan' ny voany ny vatan' akondro. Ny fakan' akondro izay milevina any anaty tany no tsy maty fa manome zanany afaka mitomba ho akondro vaovao isan-taona. Mitombo haingana ny akondro ka mahatonga ny voany ho masaka ao anatin' ny 10 volana aorian' ny fambolena zanak' akondro sy 3 volana aorian' ny fivoahan' ny [[Voninkazo|voniny]]. == Famokarana akondro   == [[Sary:Musa acuminata1.jpg|vignette|''[[Musa acuminata]]'']]Na dia avy any [[Azia]] aza ny akondro dia avy ao [[Afrika]] ny antsasaky ny vokatra [[Akondro (voany)|akondro]] maneran-tany, nefa lany ao Afrika avokoa ny ankabetsahan' ny vokatra. Ny firenena any [[Amerika Afovoany]] sy [[Amerika Avaratra]] no tena manondrana akondro. == Fampiasana ny akondro == [[Sary:Abaca fiber.jpg|vignette|''[[Musa textilis]]'' sy ny [[tsiraka]] azo avy aminy.|208x208px]]Ahazoana voany mamy izay azo hanina rehefa masaka ny akondro sasany, ny karazany hafa indray dia manome voany izay tsy maintsy ahandroina satria tsy tena mamy (''[[Musa × paradisiaca]]''). Misy ny akondro volena mba hakana ny tsiratsiraka sy ny ravina eny aminy (''[[Musa textilis]]''), izay ampiasaina amin' ny fanamboarana [[taratasy]] sy [[tady]]. Misy koa karazan' akondro ahazoana ny tadin' abaka. == Aretina mpahazo ny akondro == Betsaka ny aretina izay afaka manimba ny akondro eny amin' ny toeram-pambolena manontolo. Tokony hisafidy karazana akondro tsara raha te hahazo vokatra mahafa-po sady hampihena ny vola lany amin' ny fikarakarana ny fahasalamany. == Jereo koa == * ''[[Musa]] - [[Ensete]] - [[Musella]]'' * [[Akondro (voany)]] * [[Voankazo]] * [[Manga]] * [[Voasary]] * [[Voasarimakirana]] * [[Mandarinina (zavamaniry)]] * [[Laoranjy]] * [[Paoma]] * [[Paiso]] == Rohy ivelany == * [http://www.nutritiondata.com/facts-B00001-01c20Tm.html Complete nutritional information.] * [http://www.inibap.org/ International Network for the Improvement of Banana and Plantain (INIBAP)] * [http://www.honduras.com/fhia/engl-menu.htm Honduran Foundation of Agricultural Research (FHIA)] {{Wayback|url=http://www.honduras.com/fhia/engl-menu.htm |date=20111214122041 }} * [http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/morton/banana.html Banana from ''Fruits of Warm Climates'' by Julia Morton] * [http://www.uga.edu/fruit/banana.htm Banana and Plantain - University of Georgia] {{Wayback|url=http://www.uga.edu/fruit/banana.htm |date=20060810044214 }} * [http://www.crfg.org/pubs/ff/banana.html Banana Fruit Facts - California Rare Fruit Growers] {{Wayback|url=http://www.crfg.org/pubs/ff/banana.html |date=20201017075339 }}. * [http://www.pacificbiological.org.au/projects/PBF_02_3/pbf_02_3.htm Tracing antiquity of banana cultivation in Papua New Guinea] {{Wayback|url=http://www.pacificbiological.org.au/projects/PBF_02_3/pbf_02_3.htm |date=20051018030537 }} * [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/2664373.stm Bananas could split for good] * [http://www.fao.org/english/newsroom/news/2003/13120-en.html Bananas not on verge of extinction, says FAO] {{Wayback|url=http://www.fao.org/english/newsroom/news/2003/13120-en.html |date=20050829070721 }}. * [http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2003-02/aps-ppu021403.php Plant pathologists unpeel rumors of banana extinction] {{Wayback|url=http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2003-02/aps-ppu021403.php |date=20070126100813 }} * [http://www.delaat.nl/main.php?main=ripening&sub=intro&ln=en De Laat Koudetechniek - Information about ripeningrooms] {{Wayback|url=http://www.delaat.nl/main.php?main=ripening&sub=intro&ln=en |date=20070929033856 }} * [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8044524&dopt=Abstract The influence of banana stem e] [[Sokajy:Voankazo]] 6soz3e5v2bjqm2eih93iieyu9bj7805 0 282658 1152474 1050429 2026-10-24T13:43:20Z Xqbot 802 Correction d’une double redirection depuis [[Serfa]] vers [[Cervidae]] 1152474 wikitext text/x-wiki #FIHODINANA [[Cervidae]] jn1dec0ipjq367wy2c7b5ifwkzquko0 0 283457 1152508 1134244 2026-10-25T09:50:50Z Thelezifor 15140 Vondron-karazana hita eto Madagasikara 1152508 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Boaty ny taksônômia | sary = Soja fg01.jpg| | image_caption = [[Sôza]] (''Glycine max'') | regnum = [[Plantae]] | unranked_divisio = [[Angiospermae]] | unranked_classis = [[Eodikôtiledôna]] | unranked_subclassis = [[Rosidae]] | ordo = [[Fabales]] | familia = '''Fabaceae''' }} Ny '''''Fabaceae''''' na '''''Leguminosae''''' dia fianakavian-javamaniry [[Angiospermae|mamony]] [[roa ravin-tsimoka]] ao amin' ny filaharana [[Fabales]]. Anisan' ny fianakavian-javamaniry maro karazana indrindra amin' ny [[zavamaniry mamony]] izy ireo, fahatelo aorian' ny ''[[Orchidaceae]]'' sy ny ''[[Asteraceae]]'' raha ny karazana ao aminy no heverina. Misy vondron-karazana 765 eo ho eo ny ''Fabaceae'' izay misy karazany 19&nbsp;500 mahery. Ny zana-pianakaviana telo fantatra dia ireto manaraka ireto: ny ''[[Mimosoideae]]'' sy ny ''[[Caesalpinioideae]]'' ary ny ''[[Faboideae]]'' na ''[[Faboideae|Papilionoideae]]''. Amin' ny lafiny ara-toekarena, ny ''Fabaceae'' no fianakavian-javamaniry faharoa manan-danja indrindra aorian' ny ''[[Poaceae]]'', sady loharanom-[[prôteinina]] tena ilaina amin' ny sakafo ho an' ny [[olombelona]] sy ny [[biby]]. Anisan' izany ny [[tsaramaso]] (''Phaseolus vulgaris'' L.), ny [[tsiasisa]] (''Cicer arietinum''), ny [[voanemba]] (''Vigna sinensis'' L.), ny [[sôza]] (''Glycine max''), ny [[voanjo]] (''Arachis hypogaea''), ny [[Madilo|kily]] (''Tamarindus indica''), ny [[lozerna]] (''Medicago sativa''), [[likôrisa]] (''Glycyrrhiza glabra''). == Fanasokajiana == === Zana-pianakaviana === Mizara ho zana-pianakaviana telo ny ''Fabaceae'', araka ny [[Fanasokajiana Klasika|fanasokajiana klasika]]: * ''[[Mimosoideae]]'' * ''[[Caesalpinioideae]]'' (amin' ny heviny tery) * ''[[Faboideae]]''. Mizara ho zana-pianakaviana enina izy araka ny [[fanasokajiana filôjenetika]], dia ireto izany: * ''[[Caesalpinioideae]]'', amin' ny heviny malalaka, ao anatiny ny ''[[Mimosoideae]]'' (misy vondron-karazana); fianakaviana ''[[Caesalpiniaceae]]'' ao amin' ny [[fanasokajiana klasika]]) * ''[[Cercidoideae]]'' (misy vondron-karazana ) * ''[[Detarioideae]]'' (misy vondron-karazana ) * ''[[Dialioideae]]'' (misy vondron-karazana ) * ''[[Duparquetioideae]]'' (misy vondron-karazana ) * ''[[Faboideae]]'' na ''Papilionoideae'' (misy vondron-karazana ) === Vondron-karazana === * Jereo: [[Lisitry ny vondron-karazana ao amin' ny Fabaceae|Lisitry ny vondron-karazana ao amin' ny ''Fabaceae'']]. Ny vondron-karazana lehibe indrindra dia ny ''[[Astragalus]]'' (karazana 2&nbsp;400 mahery), ny ''[[Acacia]]'' (karazana 950 mahery), ny ''[[Indigofera]]'' (karazana 700 eo ho eo), ny ''[[Crotalaria]]'' (karazana 700 eo ho eo) ary ny ''[[Mimosa]]'' (karazana 500 eo ho eo). Ny vondron-karazana ''[[Vicia|Faba]]'', izay atsoina hoe ''[[Vicia]]'' koa, no vondron-karazana filamatra. Ao amin' ity fianakaviana ity dia ahitana ireto vondron-karazana manaraka ireto, izay natsitokotoko isaky ny zana-pianakaviana araka ny [[fanasokajiana filôjenetika]]: ''[[Caesalpinioideae]]'', ''[[Cercidoideae]]'', ''[[Detarioideae]],'' ''[[Dialioideae]],'' ''[[Duparquetioideae]],'' ''[[Faboideae]]'' (lisitra tsy feno): ==== ''Mimosoideae'' ==== Ao.amin' ny ''[[Mimosoideae]]'' no ahitana ireto vondron-karazana ireto: * ''[[Albizia]]'' * ''[[Anadenanthera]]'' * ''[[Entada]]'' (anisany ny [[Fany (zavamaniry)|fany]] (''[[Entada chrysostachys]]'' sy ''[[Entada africana]]'')) * ''[[Inga]]''; * ''[[Pithecellobium]]''; * ''[[Acacia]]'' (anisany ny [[Mimôzà|mimôza]]); * ''[[Mimosa]]'' * sns ==== ''Caesalpinioideae'' ==== Ao.amin' ny ''[[Caesalpinoideae]]'' no ahitana ireto vondron-karazana ireto: * ''[[Afzelia]];'' * ''[[Amherstia]];'' * ''[[Bauhinia]]''; * ''[[Brachystegia]]''; * ''[[Caesalpinia]]''; * ''[[Cassia]]''; * ''[[Ceratonia]]''; * ''[[Cercis]]''; * ''[[Colophospermum]]''; * ''[[Copaifera]]''; * ''[[Delonix]]''; * ''[[Gleditsia]]''; * ''[[Haematoxylum]]''; * ''[[Melanoxylon]]''; * ''[[Parkinsonia]]''; * ''[[Paubrasilia]]''; * ''[[Peltophorum]]''; * ''[[Schizolobium]]'' (tsy ahitana afa-tsy ny ''[[Schizolobium parahyba]]''); * ''[[Sclerolobium]]''; * ''[[Senna]]''; * ''[[Tamarindus]]'' (tsy ahitana afa-tsy ny [[Madilo|kily]] na [[madilo]] (''Tamarindus indica'')); * <abbr>sns.</abbr> ==== ''Faboideae'' na ''Papilionoideae'' ==== Ao.amin' ny ''[[Faboideae]]'' no ahitana ireto vondron-karazana ireto: * ''[[Abrus]]'' (tsy ahitana afa-tsy ny ''[[Abrus precatorius]]''); * ''[[Aeschynomene]]''; * ''[[Amorpha]]''; * ''[[Anthyllis]]''; * ''[[Arachis]]'' (anisany ny [[voanjo]] (''Arachis hypogaea'')); * ''[[Aspalathus]]'' (tsy ahitana afa-tsy ny ''Aspalathus linearis''); * ''[[Astracantha]]''; * ''[[Astragalus]]''; * ''[[Bowdichia]]''; * ''[[Brongniartia]]''; * ''[[Canavalia]]''; * ''[[Cicer]]'' (anisany ny [[tsiasisa]] (''Cicer arietinum'')); * ''[[Cyclopia]]''; * ''[[Cytisus]]''; * ''[[Coronilla]]''; * ''[[Dalbergia]]''; * ''[[Derris]];'' * ''[[Desmodium]]'' (tsy ahitana afa-tsy ny ''[[Desmodium adscendens]]''); * ''[[Dorycnium]]''; * ''[[Ebenus]];'' * ''[[Eutaxia]]''; * ''[[Genista]]''; * ''[[Glycine]]''; * ''[[Glycyrrhiza]]'' (tsy ahitana afa-tsy ny ''Glycyrrhiza glabra''); * ''[[Hippocrepis]]''; * ''[[Lablab]]'' (anisany ny [[antaka]] (''Lablab purpureus'')); * ''[[Laburnum]]''; * ''[[Lathyrus]]''; * ''[[Lens]]''; * ''[[Lotus]]''; * ''[[Lupinus]]''; * ''[[Medicago]]''; * ''[[Melilotus]]''; * ''[[Onobrychis]]''; * ''[[Ononis]]''; * ''[[Phaseolus]]'' (anisany ny [[vahitsaramaso]] (''Phaseolus coccineus'')); * ''[[Physostigma]]''; * ''[[Pisum]]''; * ''[[Robinia]]''; * ''[[Sophora]]''; * ''[[Trifolium]]''; * ''[[Trigonella]]''; * ''[[Ulex]]''; * ''[[Vicia]]'' na ''[[Vicia|Faba]]''; * ''[[Vigna]]''; * ''[[Wisteria]]'' * sns === Vondron-karazana misy eto Madagasikara === Eto [[Madagasikara]] dia anisan' ny fianakaviana ahitana zavamaniry isan-karazany betsaka indrindra ny fianakaviana ''[[Fabaceae]]'' (na ''[[Fabaceae|Leguminosae]]''). Araka ny ''The Leguminosae of Madagascar'' (Du Puy et al., 2002), dia eo amin' ny 140 ka hatramin' ny 150 eo ho eo ny vondron-karazana misy ary 670 mahery ny karazany, ka ny 80&#x20;% amin' ireo dia tsy misy afa-tsy eto amin' ny Nosy. Raha arahina ny [[fanasokajiana klasika]] izay mizara ho zana-pianakaviana telo io fianakavana io dia izao no zava-misy: Ahitana vondron-karazana eo anelanelan' ny 50 sy 100 ny zana-pianakaviana ''[[Papilionoideae]]'' (''[[Faboideae]]''), ka anisan' izany ny ''[[Dalbergia]]'', ny ''[[Indigofera]]'', ny ''[[Crotalaria]]'', ny ''[[Mundulea]]'', ny ''[[Phylloxylon]]'', ny ''[[Xanthocercis]]'', ny ''[[Millettia]]'', ny ''[[Bauhinia]]'', ny ''[[Cassia]]'', ny ''[[Caesalpinia]]'', ny ''[[Leptodesmia]]'' ary ny ''[[Vigna]]''. Ny ao amin' ny zana-pianakaviana ''[[Caesalpinioideae]]'' kosa dia ahitana vondron-karazana eo anelanelan' ny 20 sy 30, ka anisan' izany ny ''[[Chamaecrista]]'', ny ''[[Senna]]'', ny ''[[Delonix]]'', ny ''[[Bauhinia]]'', ny ''[[Tamarindus]]'', ny ''[[Colvillea]]'', ny ''[[Alantsilodendron]]'', ny ''[[Gagnebina]]'', ny ''[[Baudouinia]]'', ny ''[[Tetrapterocarpon]]'' ary ny ''[[Adenanthera]]''. Ahitana vondron-karazana eo anelanelan' ny 15 sy 20 ny ao amin' ny zana-pianakaviana ''[[Mimosoideaedia]]'', ka anisan' izany ny ''[[Acacia]]'', ny ''[[Senegalia]]'', ny ''[[Entada]]'', ny ''[[Vachellia]]'', ny ''[[Albizia]]'', ny ''[[Mimosa]]'', ny ''[[Dichrostachys]]'' ary ny ''[[Phylloxylon]]''. == Jereo koa == * [[Lisitry ny vondron-karazana ao amin' ny Fabaceae|Lisitry ny vondron-karazana ao amin' ny ''Fabaceae'']] dhytps0ue5h8jng2uquq84av10h69dl 1152509 1152508 2026-10-25T09:52:34Z Thelezifor 15140 Nandamina lahatsoratra 1152509 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Boaty ny taksônômia | sary = Soja fg01.jpg| | image_caption = [[Sôza]] (''Glycine max'') | regnum = [[Plantae]] | unranked_divisio = [[Angiospermae]] | unranked_classis = [[Eodikôtiledôna]] | unranked_subclassis = [[Rosidae]] | ordo = [[Fabales]] | familia = '''Fabaceae''' }} Ny '''''Fabaceae''''' na '''''Leguminosae''''' dia fianakavian-javamaniry [[Angiospermae|mamony]] [[roa ravin-tsimoka]] ao amin' ny filaharana [[Fabales]]. Anisan' ny fianakavian-javamaniry maro karazana indrindra amin' ny [[zavamaniry mamony]] izy ireo, fahatelo aorian' ny ''[[Orchidaceae]]'' sy ny ''[[Asteraceae]]'' raha ny karazana ao aminy no heverina. Misy vondron-karazana 765 eo ho eo ny ''Fabaceae'' izay misy karazany 19&nbsp;500 mahery. Ny zana-pianakaviana telo fantatra dia ireto manaraka ireto: ny ''[[Mimosoideae]]'' sy ny ''[[Caesalpinioideae]]'' ary ny ''[[Faboideae]]'' na ''[[Faboideae|Papilionoideae]]''. Amin' ny lafiny ara-toekarena, ny ''Fabaceae'' no fianakavian-javamaniry faharoa manan-danja indrindra aorian' ny ''[[Poaceae]]'', sady loharanom-[[prôteinina]] tena ilaina amin' ny sakafo ho an' ny [[olombelona]] sy ny [[biby]]. Anisan' izany ny [[tsaramaso]] (''Phaseolus vulgaris'' L.), ny [[tsiasisa]] (''Cicer arietinum''), ny [[voanemba]] (''Vigna sinensis'' L.), ny [[sôza]] (''Glycine max''), ny [[voanjo]] (''Arachis hypogaea''), ny [[Madilo|kily]] (''Tamarindus indica''), ny [[lozerna]] (''Medicago sativa''), [[likôrisa]] (''Glycyrrhiza glabra''). == Fanasokajiana == === Zana-pianakaviana === Mizara ho zana-pianakaviana telo ny ''Fabaceae'', araka ny [[Fanasokajiana Klasika|fanasokajiana klasika]]: * ''[[Mimosoideae]]'' * ''[[Caesalpinioideae]]'' (amin' ny heviny tery) * ''[[Faboideae]]''. Mizara ho zana-pianakaviana enina izy araka ny [[fanasokajiana filôjenetika]], dia ireto izany: * ''[[Caesalpinioideae]]'', amin' ny heviny malalaka, ao anatiny ny ''[[Mimosoideae]]'' (misy vondron-karazana); fianakaviana ''[[Caesalpiniaceae]]'' ao amin' ny [[fanasokajiana klasika]]) * ''[[Cercidoideae]]'' (misy vondron-karazana ) * ''[[Detarioideae]]'' (misy vondron-karazana ) * ''[[Dialioideae]]'' (misy vondron-karazana ) * ''[[Duparquetioideae]]'' (misy vondron-karazana ) * ''[[Faboideae]]'' na ''Papilionoideae'' (misy vondron-karazana ) === Vondron-karazana === * Jereo: [[Lisitry ny vondron-karazana ao amin' ny Fabaceae|Lisitry ny vondron-karazana ao amin' ny ''Fabaceae'']]. Ny vondron-karazana lehibe indrindra dia ny ''[[Astragalus]]'' (karazana 2&nbsp;400 mahery), ny ''[[Acacia]]'' (karazana 950 mahery), ny ''[[Indigofera]]'' (karazana 700 eo ho eo), ny ''[[Crotalaria]]'' (karazana 700 eo ho eo) ary ny ''[[Mimosa]]'' (karazana 500 eo ho eo). Ny vondron-karazana ''[[Vicia|Faba]]'', izay atsoina hoe ''[[Vicia]]'' koa, no vondron-karazana filamatra. Ao amin' ity fianakaviana ity dia ahitana ireto vondron-karazana manaraka ireto, izay natsitokotoko isaky ny zana-pianakaviana araka ny [[fanasokajiana filôjenetika]]: ''[[Caesalpinioideae]]'', ''[[Cercidoideae]]'', ''[[Detarioideae]],'' ''[[Dialioideae]],'' ''[[Duparquetioideae]],'' ''[[Faboideae]]'' (lisitra tsy feno): ==== ''Mimosoideae'' ==== Ao.amin' ny ''[[Mimosoideae]]'' no ahitana ireto vondron-karazana ireto: * ''[[Albizia]]'' * ''[[Anadenanthera]]'' * ''[[Entada]]'' (anisany ny [[Fany (zavamaniry)|fany]] (''[[Entada chrysostachys]]'' sy ''[[Entada africana]]'')) * ''[[Inga]]''; * ''[[Pithecellobium]]''; * ''[[Acacia]]'' (anisany ny [[Mimôzà|mimôza]]); * ''[[Mimosa]]'' * sns ==== ''Caesalpinioideae'' ==== Ao.amin' ny ''[[Caesalpinoideae]]'' no ahitana ireto vondron-karazana ireto: * ''[[Afzelia]];'' * ''[[Amherstia]];'' * ''[[Bauhinia]]''; * ''[[Brachystegia]]''; * ''[[Caesalpinia]]''; * ''[[Cassia]]''; * ''[[Ceratonia]]''; * ''[[Cercis]]''; * ''[[Colophospermum]]''; * ''[[Copaifera]]''; * ''[[Delonix]]''; * ''[[Gleditsia]]''; * ''[[Haematoxylum]]''; * ''[[Melanoxylon]]''; * ''[[Parkinsonia]]''; * ''[[Paubrasilia]]''; * ''[[Peltophorum]]''; * ''[[Schizolobium]]'' (tsy ahitana afa-tsy ny ''[[Schizolobium parahyba]]''); * ''[[Sclerolobium]]''; * ''[[Senna]]''; * ''[[Tamarindus]]'' (tsy ahitana afa-tsy ny [[Madilo|kily]] na [[madilo]] (''Tamarindus indica'')); * <abbr>sns.</abbr> ==== ''Faboideae'' na ''Papilionoideae'' ==== Ao.amin' ny ''[[Faboideae]]'' no ahitana ireto vondron-karazana ireto: * ''[[Abrus]]'' (tsy ahitana afa-tsy ny ''[[Abrus precatorius]]''); * ''[[Aeschynomene]]''; * ''[[Amorpha]]''; * ''[[Anthyllis]]''; * ''[[Arachis]]'' (anisany ny [[voanjo]] (''Arachis hypogaea'')); * ''[[Aspalathus]]'' (tsy ahitana afa-tsy ny ''Aspalathus linearis''); * ''[[Astracantha]]''; * ''[[Astragalus]]''; * ''[[Bowdichia]]''; * ''[[Brongniartia]]''; * ''[[Canavalia]]''; * ''[[Cicer]]'' (anisany ny [[tsiasisa]] (''Cicer arietinum'')); * ''[[Cyclopia]]''; * ''[[Cytisus]]''; * ''[[Coronilla]]''; * ''[[Dalbergia]]''; * ''[[Derris]];'' * ''[[Desmodium]]'' (tsy ahitana afa-tsy ny ''[[Desmodium adscendens]]''); * ''[[Dorycnium]]''; * ''[[Ebenus]];'' * ''[[Eutaxia]]''; * ''[[Genista]]''; * ''[[Glycine]]''; * ''[[Glycyrrhiza]]'' (tsy ahitana afa-tsy ny ''Glycyrrhiza glabra''); * ''[[Hippocrepis]]''; * ''[[Lablab]]'' (anisany ny [[antaka]] (''Lablab purpureus'')); * ''[[Laburnum]]''; * ''[[Lathyrus]]''; * ''[[Lens]]''; * ''[[Lotus]]''; * ''[[Lupinus]]''; * ''[[Medicago]]''; * ''[[Melilotus]]''; * ''[[Onobrychis]]''; * ''[[Ononis]]''; * ''[[Phaseolus]]'' (anisany ny [[vahitsaramaso]] (''Phaseolus coccineus'')); * ''[[Physostigma]]''; * ''[[Pisum]]''; * ''[[Robinia]]''; * ''[[Sophora]]''; * ''[[Trifolium]]''; * ''[[Trigonella]]''; * ''[[Ulex]]''; * ''[[Vicia]]'' na ''[[Vicia|Faba]]''; * ''[[Vigna]]''; * ''[[Wisteria]]'' * sns === Vondron-karazana misy eto Madagasikara === Eto [[Madagasikara]] dia anisan' ny fianakaviana ahitana zavamaniry isan-karazany betsaka indrindra ny fianakaviana ''Fabaceae'' (na ''Leguminosae''). Araka ny ''The Leguminosae of Madagascar'' (Du Puy et al., 2002), dia eo amin' ny 140 ka hatramin' ny 150 eo ho eo ny vondron-karazana misy ary 670 mahery ny karazany, ka ny 80&#x20;% amin' ireo dia tsy misy afa-tsy eto amin' ny Nosy. Raha arahina ny [[fanasokajiana klasika]] izay mizara ho zana-pianakaviana telo io fianakavana io dia izao no zava-misy: * Ahitana vondron-karazana eo anelanelan' ny 50 sy 100 ny zana-pianakaviana ''[[Papilionoideae]]'' (''[[Faboideae]]''), ka anisan' izany ny ''[[Dalbergia]]'', ny ''[[Indigofera]]'', ny ''[[Crotalaria]]'', ny ''[[Mundulea]]'', ny ''[[Phylloxylon]]'', ny ''[[Xanthocercis]]'', ny ''[[Millettia]]'', ny ''[[Bauhinia]]'', ny ''[[Cassia]]'', ny ''[[Caesalpinia]]'', ny ''[[Leptodesmia]]'' ary ny ''[[Vigna]]''. * Ny ao amin' ny zana-pianakaviana ''[[Caesalpinioideae]]'' kosa dia ahitana vondron-karazana eo anelanelan' ny 20 sy 30, ka anisan' izany ny ''[[Chamaecrista]]'', ny ''[[Senna]]'', ny ''[[Delonix]]'', ny ''[[Bauhinia]]'', ny ''[[Tamarindus]]'', ny ''[[Colvillea]]'', ny ''[[Alantsilodendron]]'', ny ''[[Gagnebina]]'', ny ''[[Baudouinia]]'', ny ''[[Tetrapterocarpon]]'' ary ny ''[[Adenanthera]]''. * Ahitana vondron-karazana eo anelanelan' ny 15 sy 20 ny ao amin' ny zana-pianakaviana ''[[Mimosoideaedia]]'', ka anisan' izany ny ''[[Acacia]]'', ny ''[[Senegalia]]'', ny ''[[Entada]]'', ny ''[[Vachellia]]'', ny ''[[Albizia]]'', ny ''[[Mimosa]]'', ny ''[[Dichrostachys]]'' ary ny ''[[Phylloxylon]]''. == Jereo koa == * [[Lisitry ny vondron-karazana ao amin' ny Fabaceae|Lisitry ny vondron-karazana ao amin' ny ''Fabaceae'']] 5plxhwqmhjmm7b430h1jzr6urseaj1x 0 293162 1152493 1150859 2026-10-24T15:31:13Z InternetArchiveBot 25011 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1152493 wikitext text/x-wiki Ny '''fivarotan-tena eto Madagasikara''' dia vokatry ny zava-misy ara-[[toekarena]], ara-[[Fiarahamonina|piarahamonina]], ara-[[Lalàna|dalàna]] ary ara-[[kolontsaina]]. Toe-javatra mampanahy ny [[fivarotan-tena]] eto [[Madagasikara]], indrindra ny resaka [[fanararaotana ara-nofo]] atao amin' ny [[zaza tsy ampy taona]]. Tatitra maro avy amin' ny fikambanana iraisam-pirenena sy fikambanana tsy miankina amin' ny fitondram-panjakana no manasongadina ny halehiben' ity olana ity. Miaina ao anatin' ny toe-javatra sarotra ny ankamaroan' ny mpivaro-tena eto Madagasikara. Matetika izy ireo no iharan' ny [[herisetra]] sy ny fanararaotana ary ny fanilikilihan' ny fiarahamonina. Mampitohy ny tsingerin' ny [[fahantrana]], izay sarotra tapahina, ny tsy fahampian' ny fahafaha-mahazo tolotra ara-[[Fahasalamana|pahasalamana]] sy ara-[[Fanabeazana|panabeazana]], ary ny tsy fahafaha-misitraka tombontsoa ara-toekarena hafa. Maro amin' ny mpivaro-tena no milaza fa tsy safidy mahafinaritra ho azy ireo ny fivarotan-tena, fa zavatra tsy maintsy atao noho ny fahaverezan-kevitra vokatry ny [[fahantrana lalina]]<ref name=":7"><small>"[https://www.madagascar-voyage.fr/2025/02/22/prostitution-travail-sexe-madagascar La prostitution n’est pas un choix de plaisir»: les voix des travailleuses du sexe à Madagascar s’élèvent] {{Wayback|url=https://www.madagascar-voyage.fr/2025/02/22/prostitution-travail-sexe-madagascar |date=20250908031238 }}", ''www.madagascar-voyage.fr''</small></ref><ref name=":8"><small>"[https://www.madagascar-voyage.fr/2025/02/22/prostitution-travail-sexe-madagascar La prostitution n’est pas un choix par plaisir : les travailleuses du sexe de Madagascar revendiquent leur réalité] {{Wayback|url=https://www.madagascar-voyage.fr/2025/02/22/prostitution-travail-sexe-madagascar |date=20250908031238 }}", ''www.madagascar-voyage.fr''</small></ref><ref name=":9"><small>"[https://www.afd.fr/fr/actualites/madagascar-combattre-le-tourisme-sexuel À Madagascar, combattre le tourisme sexuel] {{Wayback|url=https://www.afd.fr/fr/actualites/madagascar-combattre-le-tourisme-sexuel |date=20250424040202 }}", AFD - Agence Française de Développement</small></ref>. == Tantara == === Faha mpanjaka === Niseho tamin' ny fomba hafa vokatry ny rafi-piarahamonina sy ny varotra ary ny fifaneraserana amin' ny vahiny ny fivarotan-tena teto [[Madagasikara]] tamin' ny vanim-potoana faha mpanjaka (talohan' ny [[Zanatanin' i Madagasikara sy ny tany miankina|fanjanahantany frantsay]]). ==== Fivarotan-tena tany amorontsiraka ==== Nifandray akaiky amin' ny asa aman-draharaha eny an-dranomasina sy momba ny raharaham-barotra ny fivarotan-tena tany amin' ny tanàna misy [[seranan-tsambo]] any amin' ny morontsiraka, toa an' i [[Toamasina]] sy i [[Hell-Ville]] ([[Nosy Be]]). Nanam-pifandraisana amin' ny vehivavy teo an-toerana ny tantsambo sy mpivarotra vahiny, indrindra fa ny Eorôpeana, matetika tamin' ny endrika vadikely ([[vaditsindrano]]). Noleferin' ny mpitondra teo an-toerana izany firaisan-trano izany, izay indraindray tsy maharitra, ary nandray anjara amin' ny fananganana aristôkrasia safiotra nanan-kery tany amin' ireo faritra ireo<ref name=":5"><small>"[https://www.academia.edu/123699305/Fraternit%C3%A9_de_sang_et_mariages_Les_traitants_europ%C3%A9ens_et_les_soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9s_malgaches_au_XIXe_si%C3%A8cle? Fraternité de sang et mariages. Les traitants européens et les sociétés malgaches au XIXe siècle]", ''www.academia.edu''</small></ref>. ==== Anjara asa ara-tsôsialy sy kolontsaina ==== Nalaza tamin' ny fandraisany anjara amin' ny fitsenana sy fanotronana ôfisialy sady nilain' ny tantsambo eorôpeana amin' ny [[firaisana ara-nofo]] ny vehivavy sasany izay antsoina hoe "tsimihorirana" na "tsimanetsa". Samihafa ny fiheverana izany fanao izany arakaraka ny kolontsaina sy ny fivavahana nisy tamin' izany fotoana izany. Tamin' ny fahatongavan' ny "[[kristianisma]], indrindra fa nanomboka tamin' ny taonjato faha-19, dia nitombo ny fanilikilika ny fitondran-tena toy izany, ary nanameloka ny "faharavan' ny fitondran-tena" tany amin' ireo faritra misy seranan-tsambo ireo ny misiônera<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":6"><small>"[https://fr.scribd.com/document/509250569/La-Prostitution-Des-Enfants-a-Antananarivo-2 La prostitution des enfants à Antananarivo 2]", ''fr.scribd.com''</small></ref>. ==== Nivoatra ny fomba fijery ==== Talohan' ny fitaoman' ny kristianisma dia somary nalalaka ihany ny fiainana ara-pananahana teto Madagasikara, ary tsy voatery ho noheverina ho fitondran-tena maloto ny fivarotan-tena. Na izany aza, ny fidiran' ny soatoavina kristiana dia nanova tsikelikely io fomba fijery io, ka nampifandray ny fivarotan-tena amin' ny filiban-dratsy sy ny tsy fivavahana. Nalahelo, ohatra, ny misiônera katôlika raha nahita ny [[tokantranomaso]] teo amin' ny Eorôpeanina sy ny Malagasy, satria amin' izy ireo dia tsy ara-dalàna sady fitiavana fahafinaretan' ny nofo ny fiainana toy izany<ref name=":5" />. === Tamin' ny fanjanahan-tany === Nivoatra noho ny pôlitikam-panjanahana sy ny rafitra ara-miaramila ary ny fivoaran' ny fiarahamonina araka ny faneren' ny fitondrana mpanjanaka ny [[fivarotan-tena]] teto [[Madagasikara]] nandritra ny [[Zanatanin' i Madagasikara sy ny tany miankina|fanjanahan-tany frantsay]] (1896–1960). ==== Fampidirana ny fivarotan-tena ao anaty lamina ==== Tamin' ny fametrahana toby miaramila frantsay, indrindra tany [[Antsiranana|Diego-Suarez]] (na [[Antsiranana]]) sy [[Toamasina|Tamatave]] (na [[Toamasina]]), dia noleferina ny fisian' ny trano fivarotan-tena ho an' ny filan' ny miaramila<ref name=":2" />. Matetika ny vehivavy malagasy no nivezivezy tao amin' ireny toerana ireny, ary matetika koa ny vehivavy avy any amin' ny nosy [[La Réunion]] izay voasariky ny fiheverana ara-toekarena. Lasa zava-dehibe ho an' ny fitantanan-draharaha mpanjanaka ny fivarotan-tena mba hanohanana ny toe-tsain' ny miaramila sy hanaraha-maso sy hifehezana ny fifandraisan' ny [[Voanjo (olona)|voanjo]] sy ny teratany"<ref><small>"[https://fr.scribd.com/document/509250645/La-prostitution-a-Mahajanga-et-Nosy-Be-2 La prostitution à Mahajanga et Nosy-Be 2]", ''fr.scribd.com''</small></ref>. ==== Fifehezana sy fanaraha-maso ara-pahasalamana ==== Nametraka fepetra hentitra momba ny [[fahasalamana]] ny fitantanana mpanjanaka, izay nanahy momba ny fiparitahan' ny [[aretina vokatry ny firaisana ara-nofo]] amin' ny [[miaramila]] sy ny [[Voanjo (olona)|voanjo]]. Nanaovana fitsiriham-pahasalamana tsy tapaka ny mpivaro-tena, ary matetika no napetraka any amin' ny toeram-pitsaboana manokana ny vehivavy voan’ ireo aretina ireo. Natao voalohany indrindra hiarovana ny mponina eorôpeana ity fomba fiasa ity, izay maneho ny fanavakavahana sarangam-pirazanana (eorôpeana sy malagasy) sy ny finiavana hifehy ny vatan' ny vehivavy teratany<ref><small>"[https://ehne.fr/fr/encyclopedie/th%C3%A9matiques/genre-et-europe/la-prostitution-de-1800-a-nos-jours/la-prostitution-en-situation-coloniale La prostitution en situation coloniale]", ''ehne.fr''</small></ref>. ==== Famoretana sy fanilikilihana ==== Nenjehina ny fivarotan-tena tsy voafehin' ny fitondrana. Nosamborina, nogadraina, na nandoa lamandy ny vehivavy tsy voasoratra anarana na miasa ivelan' ny faritra voatondro. Anisan' ny finiavana lehibe kokoa hifehy ny fitondran-tenan' ny vahoaka voazanaka sy hitandroana ny filaminana ity famoretana ity<ref name=":6" />. == Fivarotan-tena ankehitriny == Amin' izao fotoana izao, ny [[fivarotan-tena]] eto [[Madagasikara]] dia mijanona ho tranga saro-drafitra, miorim-paka amin' ny zava-misy ara-piarahamonina sy ara-toekarena anaty fahasarotana. Hita indrindra izany any amin' ny faritra an-tanàn-dehibe sy faritra mampirorobo ny [[Fizahàn-tany|fizahan-tany]]. === Anton' ny fivarotan-tena === Miombon-kevitra ny loharanom-baovao fa ny fivarotan-tena eto Madagasikara dia atao mba hahafahana mivelona voalohany indrindra, izany hoe vokatry ny fahantrana lalina ('''''[[:fr:Extrême_pauvreté|fr]]''''') sy ny tsy fahampian' ny fahafahana ara-toekarena. Na izany aza, manana ny anjara toerany lehibe koa ny lafin-javatra ara-piarahamonina sasany sy ny maro hafa. ==== Fahantrana tsy maha azo antoka ny hoavy ==== Maherin' ny telo ampahefan' ny [[Malagasy (vahoaka)|Malagasy]] no mivelona [[Fahantrana eto Madagasikara|latsaky ny 1 dôlara isan' andro]], ka voatery maro ny vehivavy sy tovovavy mivaro-tena mba ho velona<ref name=":0"><small>"[https://fides.org/en/news/32578-AFRICA_MADAGASCAR_One_out_of_7_women_is_sexually_exploited_poverty_allows_prostitution_to_spread AFRICA/MADAGASCAR - One out of 7 women is sexually exploited: poverty allows prostitution to spread]", ''fides.org''</small></ref>. Ny tambajotran' ny mpanao ratsy dia mitaona tovovavy avy any ambanivohitra hankany an-tanàn-dehibe mba hanararaotana ny vola azon' izy ireo amin' ny fivarotan-tena, matetika amin' ny alalan' ny fampanantenana poaka azy momba ny fahazoana asa na ny fandrantoana fianarana<ref name=":2" />. Tanora an' arivony, anisan' izany ny zaza tsy ampy taona sy ny zazahy, no voatery mivaro-tena mba hahazoany izay ilainy sy ny an' ny fianakaviany. Ny ECPAT France sy ny tatitry ny TV5Monde dia manasongadina fa ny vantojaza dia afaka mampiditra vola avo telo heny ho an' ny tokantrano amin' ny alalan' ny fivarotan-tena noho ny amin' ny fomba hafa<ref name=":15"><small>"[https://ecpat-france.fr/www.ecpat-france/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/rapport-global-de-suivi-2015-madagascar-ilovepdf-compressed.pdf Madagascar]", ECPAT France</small></ref><ref name=":16"><small>"[https://information.tv5monde.com/terriennes/lutter-contre-la-prostitution-de-mineures-madagascar-23203 Lutter contre la prostitution de mineures à Madagascar]", TV5MONDE</small></ref><ref><small>"[https://fides.org/fr/news/34132-AFRIQUE_MADAGASCAR_Une_femme_sur_sept_exploitee_sexuellement_augmentation_vertigineuse_de_la_prostitution_du_fait_de_la_pauvrete AFRIQUE/MADAGASCAR - Une femme sur sept exploitée sexuellement - augmentation vertigineuse de la prostitution du fait de la pauvreté]", ''fides.org''</small></ref>. Ny sehatr' asa tsy manaraka ny lalàna no mibahan-toerana (96&nbsp;% amin' ny mpiasa), ary tena sarotra ny fahazoana asa mendrika: matetika ny fivarotan-tena dia heverina ho fomba mora na haingana hahazoana vola raha oharina amin' ny asa hafa mandreraka vatana sy ambany karama<ref name=":17" /><ref name=":18"><small>"[https://www.heard.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Remise-en-cause-frontie%CC%80res-entre-travail-du-sexe-et-sexe-transactionnel-a%CC%80-Nosy-Be-1.pdf Remise en cause des frontières supposées entre travail du sexe et sexe transactionnel à Madagascar - Cas de Nosy Be] {{Wayback|url=https://www.heard.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Remise-en-cause-frontie%CC%80res-entre-travail-du-sexe-et-sexe-transactionnel-a%CC%80-Nosy-Be-1.pdf |date=20240715044645 }}", ''www.heard.org.za''</small></ref>. Ny vanim-potoanan' ny krizy, toy ny [[Krizy pôlitika teto Madagasikara tamin' ny 2009|tamin']] [[Krizy pôlitika teto Madagasikara tamin' ny 2009|ny taona 2009]], dia nitarika ny fihenan' ny famatsiam-bola ho an' ny [[fahasalamana]] sy ny [[fanabeazana]] ary ny raharaham-piarahamonina hafa, ka nampitombo ny fahasahiranana sy ny faharefoan' ny mponina, indrindra ny [[ankizy]] sy nampironhatra ny fivarotan-tena<ref name=":15" />. ==== Herefoan' ny tanora sy ny zaza ==== Tena tanora tokoa ny ankamaroan' ny mponin' i Madagasikara (eo amin' ny roa ampahatelony latsaka no latsaky ny 25 taona); izany dia mametraka tsindry ara-demôgrafia amin' ny tolotra avy amin' ny fanjakana (fanabeazana, fahasalamana, asa) ary mamela ny ampahany betsaka amin' ny mponina amin' ny fahasahiranana<ref name=":18" />. Ny tsy fahampian' ny fitaovam-panabeazana sy ny filàn' ny ankizy hiasa dia mampitombo ny tsy fahombiazan' ny fianarana sy ny fialana fianarana, ary ireo ankizy tsy mianatra ireo no tena iharan' ny fanararaotana ara-nofo<ref><small>Rakotomamonjy Henintsoa Marinah Emeline, ''[https://www.ceja.ch/images/CEJA/DOCS/Bib/Pays/Madagascar/BD.pdf La protection des enfants contre l'exploitation sexuelle à des fins commerciales à Madagascar : entre textes et réalités]'', Mémoire Master II, Droit Privé Appliqué, 18 Mars 2015,</small> </ref>. Amin' ny tranga sasany, ny ray aman-dreny na ny mpitaiza dia mandao ilay zaza na mandefa azy hiasa any amin' ny toerana na toe-javatra mahatonga azy hivaro-tena. Milaza ny tatitra sasany fa mety handefitra na hampirisika ny fivarotan-tenan' ny zanany ny ray aman-dreny na ny havany sasany, noho ny tombontsoa ara-bola ho azon' ny fianakaviana<ref name=":15" /><ref name=":19"><small>"[https://webapps.ilo.org/ipecinfo/product/download.do?type=document&id=2609 Madagascar Les Enfants Victimes de l'Exploitation Sexuelle à Antsiranana, Toliary, et Antananarivo]" - OIT</small></ref>. ==== Antony ara-piarahamonina sy ara-kolontsaina ==== Any amin' ny faritra sasany, ny fivarotan-tena, indrindra fa ny an' ny zaza tsy ampy taona, dia tsy heverina ho herisetra ara-nofo, ary ny sasany mihevitra fa ny faneken' ilay zaza tsy ampy taona dia manafaka ny maha herisetra izany<ref name=":15" />. Mety hanosika ny tanora avy any ambanivohitra hifindra monina ny fisintoman' ny tanàn-dehibe sy ny toerana fizahan-tany, ka mamela azy ireo amin' ny tontolo isian' ny fivarotan-tena matanjaka izay mahamora ny fanararaotana azy ireo<ref name=":18" />. Ny fandehanana matetika any amin' ny toerana sasany (trano fandihizana, trano fisotroana) sy ny fahitana ny fomba fiainan' ny mpivaro-tena, izay heverina ho manana fahombiazana ara-bola indraindray, dia mety hitarika ny tanora hivaro-tena koa<ref name=":19" />. ==== Fizahan-tany mamoafady ==== Na dia ny fahantrana aza no antony lehibe amin' ny fivarotan-tena, ny fisian' ny tinady lehibe, indrindra avy amin' ny vahiny (ary koa ny teratany malagasy), any amin' ny faritra fizahan-tany, dia mahatonha ny fivarotan-tena hiroborobo. Matetika ny mpanjifa dia voasarika amin' ny vidiny mora kokoa sy ny fiheverana ny fanjifana izany ho tsy misy fanenjehana kokoa<ref name=":16" /><ref name=":13"><small>"[https://shs.cairn.info/revue-annales-de-geographie-2011-3-page-334?lang=fr Tourisme international et prostitution féminine : le cas de Nosy-Bé (Madagascar)]", ''shs.cairn.info''</small></ref><ref name=":10"><small>"[https://www.jacaranda.fr/en/tourisme-sexuel-les-attractions-touristiques-majeures-de-madagascar-sont-confrontees-au-tourisme TOURISME SEXUEL. Les attractions touristiques majeures de Madagascar sont confrontées au tourisme sexuel impliquant des enfants] {{Wayback|url=https://www.jacaranda.fr/en/tourisme-sexuel-les-attractions-touristiques-majeures-de-madagascar-sont-confrontees-au-tourisme |date=20250429215404 }}", ''www.jacaranda.fr''</small></ref>. Ny toerana fizahan-tany toa an' i [[Nosy Be]] sy i [[Toamasina]], i [[Mahajanga]] ary [[Antsiranana]] dia toerana mafana amin' ny [[fizahan-tany mamoafady]], anisan' izany ny ankizy tsy ampy taona<ref name=":3"><small>"[https://www.afd.fr/fr/actualites/madagascar-combattre-le-tourisme-sexuel À Madagascar, combattre le tourisme sexuel] {{Wayback|url=https://www.afd.fr/fr/actualites/madagascar-combattre-le-tourisme-sexuel |date=20250424040202 }}", ''www.afd.fr''</small></ref>. Lasa toerana fanaovana fizahan-tany mamoafady ny faritra [[Fizahàn-tany|fizahan-tany]] toa an' i [[Nosy Be]]<ref name=":13" />, ka mahasarika mpitsidika vahiny mitady [[firaisana ara-nofo]] aloa vola. Nitarika ho amin' ny fanararaotana ara-nofo amin' ny vehivavy sy ny tovovavy maro izany toe-javatra izany, ary ny sasany amin' izy ireo dia 12 taona. Tambajotra voalamina tsara, indraindray ahitana mpanera sy ny firaisana tsikombakomba amin' ny toeram-pandraisam-bahiny sasany, no manamora izany fanao izany<ref name=":9" /><ref name=":15" /><ref name=":13" /><ref name=":10" /><ref name=":12" /><ref name=":11"><small>"[https://news.un.org/fr/story/2022/02/1114532 Madagascar : le Comité des droits de l'enfant préoccupé par la persistance du tourisme sexuel impliquant les mineurs] {{Wayback|url=https://news.un.org/fr/story/2022/02/1114532 |date=20250819163535 }}", ''news.un.org''</small></ref><ref><small>"[https://ecpat.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/Ex_Summary_Madagascar_v2017.pdf RÉSUMÉ - Madagascar] {{Wayback|url=https://ecpat.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/Ex_Summary_Madagascar_v2017.pdf |date=20250706175116 }}", ''ECPAT''</small></ref>. === Ny fiainan' ny mpivaro-tena eto Madagasikara === Ny fiainan' ny mpivaro-tena eto [[Madagasikara]] amin' ny ankapobeny dia anjakan' ny fahasahiranana tafahoatra sy ny herisetra matetika ary ny fanilikilihana lalina avy amin' ny fiarahamonina. Na dia tsy raran' ny lalàna tanteraka aza ny fivarotan-tena eto amin' ny firenena, ny mpivaro-tena dia miasa ao anatin' ny tontolo feno fankahalana sy tsy misy fiarovan' ny lalàna. ==== Antontanisa ==== Mampanahy ny fivarotan-tenan' ny zaza tsy ampy taona: any [[Nosy Be]]<ref><small>"[https://www.madagascar-tribune.com/Exploitation-sexuelle-une-realite-inquietante-en-pleine-expansion.html Nosy Be : une réalité inquiétante en pleine expansion]", 31 Jolay 2024, ''www.madagascar-tribune.com''</small></ref>, manodidina ny 40&nbsp;% amin' ny tovovavy no nanao firaisana ara-nofo voalohany amin' ny alalan' ny fivarotan-tena, matetika manomboka amin' ny 14 taona<ref><small>"[https://www.humanium.org/fr/la-prostitution-des-mineures-a-madagascar La prostitution des mineures à Madagascar] {{Wayback|url=https://www.humanium.org/fr/la-prostitution-des-mineures-a-madagascar |date=20150201070921 }}", 7 Janoary 2015, ''www.humanium.org''</small></ref>. Any [[Morondava]], ny 50 % amin' ny mpivaro-tena dia tsy ampy taona. Nitombo ny isan' ny mpivaro-tena: tany [[Toamasina]], nitombo ny isan' ny mpivaro-tena raha 17&nbsp;000 tamin' ny taona 1993 ka lasa 29&nbsp;000 ny tamin' taona 2012<ref name=":0" />. Ny zaza tsy ampy taona mpivarotan-tena teto [[Antananarivo]], tamin' ny taona 2013, dia 1.&nbsp;132 no latsaky ny 18 taona amin' nnivaro-tena 1&nbsp;237<ref name=":1"><small>"[https://www.ilo.org/fr/resource/article/combattre-lexploitation-sexuelle-commerciale-des-enfants-madagascar Combattre l’exploitation sexuelle commerciale des enfants à Madagascar]", 30 Avrily 2014, ''www.ilo.org''</small></ref>. ==== Herisetra ==== Matetika mitranga ny herisetra: ny vehivavy sasany dia mitatitra fa nodarohan' ny mpanjifa tsy mety mandoa vola, ary ny pôlisy, izay tokony hiaro azy ireo, indraindray dia tafiditra amin' ireny fanararaotana ireny<ref name=":20"><small>"[https://loeildusahara.com/madagascar-quand-la-prostitution-devient-une-question-de-survie/ Madagascar : Quand la prostitution devient une question de survie]", ''loeildusahara.com''</small></ref>. ==== Tsy fahampian' ny vola azo ==== Tena ambany dia ambany ny vola miditra, indrindra amin' ny mpanjifa eto an-toerana. Ohatra, any [[Nosy Be]], ny firaisana ara-nofo amin' ny lehilahy malagasy iray dia ahazoana 5&nbsp;000 Ariary hatramin' ny 10&nbsp;000 Ariary (manodidina ny 1 ka hatramin' ny 2 [[euro]]), ny vahiny kosa dia ahazoana hatramin' ny 60&nbsp;000 Ariary (12 euro eo ho eo)<ref name=":20" /><ref><small>"[https://labalisemadagascar.wordpress.com/2022/09/27/tourisme-sexuel-une-pratique-devenue-un-peu-trop-courante-a-madagascar/ Tourisme sexuel : Une pratique devenue un peu trop courante à Madagascar]", ''labalisemadagascar.wordpress.com''</small></ref><ref><small>"[https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2020/09/14/je-n-ai-pas-vraiment-le-choix-a-madagascar-le-covid-19-entraine-une-hausse-de-la-prostitution_6052166_3212.html? « Je n’ai pas vraiment le choix » : à Madagascar, le Covid-19 entraîne une hausse de la prostitution]", ''www.lemonde.fr''</small></ref>. ==== Aretina ==== Ny fihanaky ny aretina azo avy amin' ny firaisana ara-nofo dia ambony ao amin' ny mpivaro-tena. Ohatra, ny 12&nbsp;% amin' izy ireo dia voan' ny tety (na sifilisy). Voafetra anefa ny fahazoana fitsaboana, ary matetika tsy ampy ny hetsika fisorohana<ref name=":21"><small>"[https://www.thenewhumanitarian.org/fr/report/96195/madagascar-du-sexe-pour-survivre Du sexe pour survivre]", ''www.thenewhumanitarian.org''</small></ref>. ==== Hetsika fisorohana ==== Nanatanteraka fandaharan' asa hiadiana amin' ny fanararaotana ara-nofo tao amin' ny ankizy, indrindra eo amin' ny sehatry ny fizahan-tany, ny fitondram-panjakana malagasy miaraka amin' ny fikambanana tsy miankina amin' ny fitondram-panjakana toa ny ''End Child Prostitution, Child Pornography and Trafficking of Children for Sexual Purposes'' (''End Child Prostitution in Asian Tourism'' na ECPAT teo aloha)<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":1" /><ref><small>"[https://information.tv5monde.com/terriennes/lutter-contre-la-prostitution-de-mineures-madagascar-23203 Lutter contre la prostitution de mineures à Madagascar]", ''information.tv5monde.com''</small></ref>. Nandray fitsipi-pitondran-tena ny mpisehatra amin' ny fizahan-tany mba hisorohana ny fanararaotana ara-nofo atao amin' ny ankizy<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":4"><small>"[https://www.linfo.re/ocean-indien/madagascar/687972-exploitation-sexuelle-des-enfants-un-phenomene-inquietant-a-madagascar Exploitation sexuelle des enfants : un phénomène inquiétant à Madagascar]", ''www.linfo.re''</small></ref>. Izany hetsika izany dia mikendry ny hampiditra indray ny tovovavy iharan' ny fanararaotana ara-nofo amin' ny fianarana sy hanome azy ireo fiofanana amin' ny asa<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":4" />. ==== Fanampiana ==== Ny hetsika toy ny fandaharana "Espoir 2.0 Bootcamp" natomboky ny ''Alternatives Madagascar'' dia mikendry ny hanolotra safidy ara-toekarena ho an' ny mpivaro-tena amin' ny alalan' ny fanomezana azy ireo fiofanana amin' ny fitantanana orinasa bitika sy amin' ny fahasalaman' ny fananahana<ref><small>"[https://newsmada.com/2022/11/22/prostitution-la-moitie-des-travailleuses-du-sexe-sont-des-mineures Prostitution : la moitié des travailleuses du sexe sont des mineures]", ''newsmada.com''</small></ref>. Ny fikambanana toa ny FIVEMITO sy ny AFSA dia miasa ho fankatoavana sy fiarovana ny mpivaro-tena. Manao hetsika fanentanana izy ireo sady mizara kapaoty ary manolotra fiofanana amin' ny asa hanampiana ireo vehivavy ireo hiala amin' ny fivarotan-tena<ref name=":20" /><ref name=":21" /><ref><small>"[https://educationsante.be/madagascar-les-prostituees-font-de-la-prevention/ Madagascar, les prostituées font de la prévention]", ''educationsante.be''</small></ref><ref name=":22" />. Any amin' ny faritra sasany dia misy ny karatra manokana natao mba hanamora ny fidirana amin' ny fikarakarana ara-pahasalamana sy hanomezana fiarovan' ny lalàna. Voafetra ihany anefa ny fahombiazan’ izy ireny, ary mety hampiasain' ny manam-pahefana indraindray mba hanorisorenany ny mpivaro-tena<ref name=":21" />. === Karazam-pivarotan-tena === ==== Fivarotan-tenan' ny zaza tsy ampy taona ==== Lafiny iray mampanahy indrindra ny fidiran' ny zaza tsy ampy taona amin' ny [[fivarotan-tena]]. Araka ny fanadihadiana nataon' ny fikambanana ''Alternatives Madagascar'' dia zaza tsy ampy taona ny 50 % amin' ny mpivaro-tena. Vao mainka miharatsy izany toe-javatra izany noho ny [[Fahantrana eto Madagasikara|fahantrana lalina]] sy ny tsy fahampian' ny [[fanabeazana]], izay mahatonga ireto tovovavy ireto tsy hanan-tsafidy firy<ref name=":7" /><ref name=":16" /><ref name=":10" /><ref name=":11" /><ref><small>"[https://newsmada.com/2022/11/22/prostitution-la-moitie-des-travailleuses-du-sexe-sont-des-mineures Prostitution : la moitié des travailleuses du sexe sont des mineures]", ''newsmada.com''</small></ref>. Amin' ny toe-javatra sasany, ny fianakaviana na ny fiarahamonina dia mamporisika na farafaharatsiny mandefitra amin' ny fanararaotana ara-nofo atao amin' ny ankizy noho ny tombony ara-bola azon' ny tokantrano mahantra<ref name=":12"><small>"[https://upr-info.org/sites/default/files/documents/2019-10/ecpat_international_upr34_mdg_f_main.pdf L'exploitation sexuelle des enfants à Madagascar » pour l'Examen Périodique Universel de la situation des droits de l'homme au Madagascar]" (PDF), ''upr-info.org''</small></ref>. ==== Fivarotan-tenan' ny lehilahy ==== Amin' ny ankapobeny dia tsy dia hita fa miafina ny fivarotan-tenan' ny lehilahy izay ailikiliky ny fiarahamonina malagasy kokoa<ref name=":17"><small>"[https://www.medecinsdumonde.org/app/uploads/2024/05/Etude-Resume-VLG-TDS-Madagascar-FR.pdf Violence basée sur le genre envers les professionnel.les du sexte à Madagascar]", ''www .medecinsdumonde .org''</small> </ref>. Manao izany indrindra ireo lehilahy ireo noho ny fahantrana<ref><small>"[https://afriquinfos.com/madagascar-proliferation-prostitution-mineurs-220617/ Madagascar : Prolifération de la prostitution des mineurs]", ''afriquinfos.com''</small></ref>. Ny tanàn-dehibe tena ahitana fivarotanan' ny lehilahy dia [[Antananarivo]] (ao amin' ny vakin-tanàna sasany toa an' [[Analakely]], Ampefiloha, Isoraka)<ref name=":14"><small>"[https://www.linfo.re/ocean-indien/madagascar/719262-madagascar-les-lyceens-plongent-dans-la-prostitution Madagascar : les lycéens plongent dans la prostitution]", ''www.linfo.re''</small></ref>, i [[Toamasina]], i [[Nosy Be]], i [[Mahajanga]], i [[Toliara]]<ref><small>"[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/345286378_ECPAT_-_Etude_sur_les_violences_sexuelles_dans_les_6_villes_Nosy_Be_Antsiranana_Mahajanga_Antananarivo_Fianarantsoa_Toliara Etude sur les violences sexuelles dans les 6 villes: Nosy Be, Antsiranana, Mahajanga, Antananarivo, Fianarantsoa, Toliara]" (PDF), ''www.researchgate.net''</small></ref>: ireo dia toerana misy fizahan-tany izay anaovan' ny tovolahy fivarotan-tena amin' ny mpanjifa vahiny, na lahy na vavy. Ambatoloaka (any Nosy Be) dia toerana iray ivarotan' ny "beach boys" (na "gasy gigolos") ny tenany amin' ny vehivavy eorôpeana (indrindra ny frantsay sy ny italiana). Amin' ny ankapobeny dia eo anelanelan' ny 15 sy 30 taona ny lehilahy mpivaro-tena ary avy amin' ny fianakaviana mahantra sady manana olana ara-pianakaviana indraindray, ary tsy nahita fianarana firy<ref name=":14" />. Ny sasany dia milaza fa manao firaisana ara-nofo amin' ny lehilahy mba hahazoana karama fa tsy safidy, ny sasany misafidy izany (LGBT)<ref><small>''[https://2009-2017.state.gov/documents/organization/186425.pdf 2011 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Madagascar]'', Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor, U.S. Department of State, p 26,</small> </ref>, ny hafa dia tsy manao afa-tsy amin' ny vehivavy. Ny tanjona amin' izany rehetra izany moa dia ny mba hahazo vola haingana na ny hanambady vahiny. ==== Fivarotan-tena an-tserasera ==== Noho ny fahatongavan' ny teknôlôjia nomerika dia nifindra an-tserasera ihany koa ny [[fivarotan-tena]]<ref><small>"[https://midi-madagasikara.mg/fivarotan-tena-lasa-feno-izany-ny-facebook/ Fivarotan-tena : Lasa feno izany ny facebook]", ''midi-madagasikara.mg''</small></ref><ref><small>"[https://newsmada.com/2022/11/24/fivarotan-tena-ana-habaka-vehivavy-telo-nalefa-eny-am-ponja/ Fivarotan-tena ana habaka: vehivavy telo nalefa eny am-ponja]", , ''newsmada.com''</small></ref><ref><small>"[https://www.freenews.mg/fivarotan-tena-anaty-tambazotra-sarona-ny-vehivavy-iray-tomponantoka/ Fivarotan-tena anaty tambazotra: sarina ny vehivavy iray tompon' antoka]", ''www.freenews.mg''</small></ref>. Mampiasa tambajotran-tserasera ny tambajotran' ny fivarotan-tena mba hanome tolotra firisana ara-nofo, ka mahatonga ny fisavana sy ny fanasaziana ho sarotra tanterahina kokoa. Tamin' ny taona 2023 dia ravan' ny pôlisy ny tambajotram-pivarotan-tena an-tserasera tao Mahajanga, izany dia mampiseho ny fampifanarahana ny fivarotan-tena amin' ny teknôlôjia vaovao<ref><small>"[https://la1ere.franceinfo.fr/mayotte/madagascar-coup-de-filet-contre-la-prostitution-en-ligne-1369498.html Madagascar : Coup de filet contre la prostitution en ligne]", ''la1ere.franceinfo.fr''</small></ref>. == Lalàna == === Fifehezan' ny lalàna === ==== Ara-dalàna amin' ny fepetra sasany ==== Tsy voarara ny fivarotan-tena amin' ny maha fivarotan-tena azy eto [[Madagasikara]] dia ara-dalàna, fa ny fivelomana amin' ny fampivarotan-tena ny hafa sy ny fanondranana olona an-tsokosoko ary ny fivarotan-tenan' ny zaza dia tsy ara-dalàna<ref><small>"[https://www.dcn-pac.mg/uploads/loi/09c7c5cd99c7e43213ef7f5389fdc3bf.pdf Loi n°2014-040 du 20 janvier 2015 sur la lutte contre la Traite des Etres Humains] {{Wayback|url=https://www.dcn-pac.mg/uploads/loi/09c7c5cd99c7e43213ef7f5389fdc3bf.pdf |date=20250325055921 }}", ''www.dcn-pac.mg''</small></ref>. ==== Heloka amin' ny tranga sasany ==== Ny fehezan-dalàna famaizana malagasy dia manome sazy henjana ny fivarotan-tena, indrindra fa raha ao anatin' izany ny zaza tsy ampy taona. Manasazy higadra hatramin' ny 10 taona an-tranomaizina sy handoa onitra vokatry ny fandikan-dalàna mifandray amin' ny fivarotan-tenan' ny zaza tsy ampy taona ny lalàna famaizana malagasy<ref><small>"[https://mg.ambafrance.org/Avertissement-contre-le-tourisme Avertissement contre le tourisme sexuel]", ''mg.ambafrance.org''</small></ref>. Na dia misy aza ny lalàna dia voafetra ihany ny fampiharana azy noho ny [[Kolikoly eto Madagasikara|kolikoly]], ny tsy fahampian' ny olona sy ny fitaovana ho enti-miasy amin' izany ary ny fandeferan' ny fiarahamonina amin' ny fivarotan-tena<ref name=":2"><small>"[https://www.humanium.org/fr/madagascar Enfants de Madagascar]", ''www.humanium.org''</small></ref>. ==== Mankany amin' ny fankatoavana sy fiarovana bebe kokoa ==== Misy ny mampaka-peo hitakiana ny fiarovana tsara kokoa sy fankatoavana ny zon' ny mpivaro-tena, izay lasa nantsoina hoe "mpampanofa tena". Mitaky lalàna hiaro azy ireo sy fahazoana tolotra ara-pahasalamana ary fampihenana ny fanilikilihan' ny fiarahamonina izy ireo. Manana anjara toerana lehibe amin' ity ady ity ny fikambanana mpiaro ny zon' olombelona sy ny feminista, izay manaitra ny sain' ny daholobe sy ny mpanao pôlitika momba ny tsy rariny iainan' ireo vehivavy ireo<ref name=":8" /><ref name=":22"><small>"[https://africapresse.com/madagascar-quand-la-prostitution-devient-un-dernier-recours-pour-des-femmes-en-souffrance Madagascar : quand la prostitution devient un dernier recours pour des femmes en souffrance]", ''africapresse.com''</small></ref>. == Rohy ivelany == * Tisseau, ''[https://www.karthala.com/accueil/3155-etre-metis-en-imerina-madagascar-aux-xixe-xxe-siecles-9782811118556.html Être métis en Imerina (Madagascar) aux XIXe-XXe siècles] {{Wayback|url=https://www.karthala.com/accueil/3155-etre-metis-en-imerina-madagascar-aux-xixe-xxe-siecles-9782811118556.html |date=20250324122609 }}'', Karthala, 2017 * Fabien Brial, "[https://shs.cairn.info/revue-annales-de-geographie-2011-3-page-334?lang=fr Tourisme international et prostitution féminine : le cas de Nosy-Bé (Madagascar)]", ''shs.cairn.info'' * "[https://popups.uliege.be/1370-2262/index.php?id=625 De la caserne aux maisons closes : la réglementation de la prostitution au profit de l’institution militaire (1900-1939)]", ''popups.uliege.be'' * "[https://www.dcn-pac.mg/uploads/loi/09c7c5cd99c7e43213ef7f5389fdc3bf.pdf Loi n°2014-040 du 20 janvier 2015 sur la lutte contre la Traite des Etres Humains] {{Wayback|url=https://www.dcn-pac.mg/uploads/loi/09c7c5cd99c7e43213ef7f5389fdc3bf.pdf |date=20250325055921 }}", ''www.dcn-pac.mg'' * "[https://textes.lexxika.com/lois-malagasy/loi-modifiant-completant-certaines-dispositions-code-penal-lutte-contre-traite-personnes-tourisme-sexuel/ Loi modifiant et complétant certaines dispositions du Code Pénal sur la lutte contre la traite des personnes et le tourisme sexuel] [https://textes.lexxika.com/lois-malagasy/loi-modifiant-completant-certaines-dispositions-code-penal-lutte-contre-traite-personnes-tourisme-sexuel/ - Droit malgachel]", ''textes.lexxika.com'' * "[https://www.matin.mg/?p=22833 Mpivarotena !]", ''www.matin.mg'' * "[https://midi-madagasikara.mg/fivarotan-tena-lasa-feno-izany-ny-facebook/ Fivarotan-tena : Lasa feno izany ny facebook] {{Wayback|url=https://midi-madagasikara.mg/fivarotan-tena-lasa-feno-izany-ny-facebook/ |date=20250129071802 }}", ''midi-madagasikara.mg'' * "[https://www.moov.mg/article/79222-terre-rouge-maorisy-vehivavy-malagasy-roa-tratra-teo-am-pivarotan-tena Terre-Rouge Maorisy : Vehivavy malagasy roa tratra teo am-pivarotan-tena]", ''www.moov.mg'' == Loharano sy fanamarihana == a8p1noevocasgcgh6ccymvy8tj8igpq 4 297414 1152501 1152067 2026-10-24T19:00:05Z Bot-Jagwar 2168 +Vaovao androany 24 Oktobra 2026 1152501 wikitext text/x-wiki ; 24 Oktobra 2026 * Ny isan'ny pejim-botoatiny ao amin'i [[:w:rue:|rue.wikipedia]] dia tafidina ho latsaka ny {{formatnum:9000}}. ; 17 Oktobra 2026 * Ny isan'ny mpikambana ao amin'i [[:w:be-tarask:|be-tarask.wikipedia]] dia mihoatra ny {{formatnum:100000}}. ; 7 Oktobra 2026 * Ny isan'ny mpikambana ao amin'i [[:w:kn:|kn.wikipedia]] dia mihoatra ny {{formatnum:100000}}. * Ny isan'ny fiovana ao amin'i [[:wikt:mni:|mni.wiktionary]] dia mihoatra ny {{formatnum:10000}}. ; 3 Oktobra 2026 * Ny isan'ny pejim-botoatiny ao amin'i [[:w:bm:|bm.wikipedia]] dia tafidina ho latsaka ny {{formatnum:900}}. * Ny isan'ny pejim-botoatiny ao amin'i [[:w:chr:|chr.wikipedia]] dia tafidina ho latsaka ny {{formatnum:900}}. * Ny isan'ny pejim-botoatiny ao amin'i [[:w:chy:|chy.wikipedia]] dia tafidina ho latsaka ny {{formatnum:700}}. * Ny isan'ny mpikambana ao amin'i [[:w:gan:|gan.wikipedia]] dia mihoatra ny {{formatnum:100000}}. ; 26 Septambra 2026 * Ny isan'ny pejim-botoatiny ao amin'i [[:w:bm:|bm.wikipedia]] dia mihoatra ny {{formatnum:1000}}. ; 19 Septambra 2026 * Ny isan'ny pejim-botoatiny ao amin'i [[:w:rw:|rw.wikipedia]] dia mihoatra ny {{formatnum:10000}}. ; 18 Septambra 2026 * Ny isan'ny pejy rehetra ao amin'i [[:w:nah:|nah.wikipedia]] dia tafidina ho latsaka ny {{formatnum:9000}}. ; 17 Septambra 2026 * Ny isan'ny pejim-botoatiny ao amin'i [[:w:chy:|chy.wikipedia]] dia mihoatra ny {{formatnum:1000}}. * Ny isan'ny mpikambana ao amin'i [[:w:isv:|isv.wikipedia]] dia mihoatra ny {{formatnum:1000}}. ; 16 Septambra 2026 * Ny isan'ny pejy rehetra ao amin'i [[:w:nah:|nah.wikipedia]] dia mihoatra ny {{formatnum:10000}}. ; 15 Septambra 2026 * Ny isan'ny pejim-botoatiny ao amin'i [[:wikt:ar:|ar.wiktionary]] dia mihoatra ny {{formatnum:100000}}. ; 14 Septambra 2026 * Ny isan'ny fiovana ao amin'i [[:w:ppl:|ppl.wikipedia]] dia mihoatra ny {{formatnum:10000}}. ; 12 Septambra 2026 * Ny isan'ny mpikambana ao amin'i [[:w:koi:|koi.wikipedia]] dia mihoatra ny {{formatnum:10000}}. ; 7 Septambra 2026 * Ny isan'ny fiovana ao amin'i [[:w:av:|av.wikipedia]] dia mihoatra ny {{formatnum:100000}}. ; 1 Septambra 2026 * Ny isan'ny pejy rehetra ao amin'i [[:w:nah:|nah.wikipedia]] dia tafidina ho latsaka ny {{formatnum:9000}}. ; 10 Martsa 2026 * Ny isan'ny pejy rehetra ao amin'i [[:w:su:|su.wikipedia]] dia mihoatra ny {{formatnum:100000}}. ; 21 Febroary 2026 * Ny isan'ny pejim-botoatiny ao amin'i [[:wikt:tr:|tr.wiktionary]] dia mihoatra ny {{formatnum:1000000}}. ; 8 Febroary 2026 * Ny isan'ny fiovana ao amin'i [[:w:my:|my.wikipedia]] dia mihoatra ny {{formatnum:1000000}}. ; 17 Janoary 2026 * Ny isan'ny mpikambana ao amin'i [[:w:sv:|sv.wikipedia]] dia mihoatra ny {{formatnum:1000000}}. ; 10 Janoary 2026 * Ny isan'ny pejy rehetra ao amin'i [[:w:vi:|vi.wikipedia]] dia tafidina ho latsaka ny {{formatnum:9000000}}. ; 7 Janoary 2026 * Ny isan'ny fiovana ao amin'i [[:w:new:|new.wikipedia]] dia mihoatra ny {{formatnum:1000000}}. 7d8eyeuklrfrthallr5tcn3j2hbvgrx 0 297914 1152499 1130368 2026-10-24T16:22:07Z InternetArchiveBot 25011 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1152499 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Guilherme Gonçalves em 2022.jpg|thumb|Guilherme Gonçalves]] '''Guilherme Andrew Gonçalves da Silva''' (teraka ny 10 Aogositra 1991 tao [[São Paulo]])<ref>(pt) [https://www.camaraourinhos.sp.gov.br/vereador/guilherme-andrew-goncalves-da-silva-200039 Vereador]</ref> dia mpanangona fako<ref>(pt) [https://www.podemos.org.br/guilherme-goncalves-o-primeiro-catador-de-lixo-eleito-prefeito-no-brasil/ Guilherme Gonçalves, o primeiro catador de lixo eleito prefeito no Brasil] {{Wayback|url=https://www.podemos.org.br/guilherme-goncalves-o-primeiro-catador-de-lixo-eleito-prefeito-no-brasil/ |date=20250305202656 }}</ref> izy ary mpanao politika [[Brezila|Breziliana]] sy ben'ny tanàna [[Ourinhos]]. Nahazo laza iraisam-pirenena izy satria nanadino ny Karnavaly ary nanome kiraro ho an'ireo mpianatra tao an-tanànany. <ref>(pt) [https://www.otempo.com.br/eleicoes/2024/candidatos/sao-paulo/ourinhos/prefeito/guilherme-goncalves-20]</ref> Anisan'ny antoko [[Podemos (Brazila)|Podemos]] izy. ==Jereo koa== {{commonscat}} [[Sokajy:Podemos (Brazila)|G]] [[Sokajy:Mpanao politika paulista|Gonç]] [[sokajy:Teraka tamin'ny taona 1991]] [[Sokajy:Ben'ny tanànan'i São Paulo|Gonç]] 1kzyyy71s1u1ow1cfhhjboqp03w621a 0 298133 1152489 1150680 2026-10-24T14:30:22Z Thelezifor 15140 1152489 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:Musa acuminata1.jpg|vignette|403x403px|''[[Musa acuminata]]'']] Ny '''''Musaceae''''' dia fianakavian-javamaniry mamony ao amin' ny filaharana [[Zingiberales]], any amin' ny faritra mafana any [[Azia]], ao [[Afrika]], eto [[Madagasikara]], ary [[Aostralia]], ary maniry tsara any [[Amerika Afovoany]]. Amin' ny ankapobeny izy ireo dia ahitra lehibe misy vatany miforona avy amin' ny fitambaran' ny foto-draviny rehetra. Tamin' ny taona 2016, ny fianakaviana ''Musaceae'' dia nahitana karazana 91 farafahakeliny izay mitsinjara amin' ny vondron-karazana 3. Izy no fianakavian' ny [[Akondro (zavamaniry)|akondro]] (''[[Akondro (zavamaniry)|Musa]]'') izay mamokatra [[Akondro (voany)|voan' akondro]]. == Lisitry ny vondron-karazana == Inty ny lisitry ny vondron-karazana araka ny ''[[World Checklist of Selected Plant Families]]'' (WCSP) <small>(22</small> <small>Avr. 2010)</small> sy ny ''[[Angiosperm Phylogeny Website]]'' <small>(17</small> <small>Mey 2010)</small>: * ''[[Ensete]]'' <small>Bruce ex Horan.</small> (1862) * ''[[Musa]]'' <small>L.</small> (1753) Inty ny lisitry ny vondron-karazana araka ny ''[[National Center for Biotechnology Information|NCBI]]'' <small>(4</small> <small>Aogositra 2010):</small> * ''[[Ensete]]'' <small>Horan</small>. * ''[[Musa]]'' <small>L.</small> * ''[[Musella]]'' <small>Wu ex H.W.Li</small> == Jereo koa == * ''[[Ravinala|Ravenala]]'' rn0r7aopvr9xs06eg260v76uhaq680b 0 298198 1152507 1136604 2026-10-25T09:48:23Z Thelezifor 15140 Rohy anatiny 1152507 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:Vicia grandiflora W.jpg|vignette|382x382px|''Vicia grandiflora'']] Inty ny '''lisitry ny vondron-karazana ao amin' ny ''Fabaceae'''''. Ahitana vondron-karazana 765 eo ho eo ny fianakavian-javamaniry ''[[Fabaceae]]''. == Lisitra manaraka abidy == Inty ny lisitry ny vondron-karazana ao amin' ny fianakavian-javamaniry ''[[Fabaceae]]'' nampanarahina abidy. Misy vondron-karazana 765 eo ho eo ity fianakaviana ity. === A === * ''Abarema'' Pittier * ''[[Abrus]]'' Adans. * ''[[Acacia]]'' Mill. * ''[[Acosmium]]'' Schott * ''[[Acrocarpus]]'' Wight ex Arn. * ''[[Adenanthera]]'' L. * ''[[Adenocarpus]]'' DC. * ''[[Adenodolichos]]'' Harms * ''[[Adenolobus]]'' (Harv. ex Benth.) Torre & Hillc. * ''[[Adenopodia]]'' C.Presl * ''[[Adesmia]]'' DC. * ''[[Aenictophyton]]'' A.T.Lee * ''[[Aeschynomene]]'' L. * ''[[Affonsea]]'' A.St.-Hil. * ''[[Afgekia]]'' Craib * ''[[Afzelia]]'' Sm. * ''Aganope'' Miq. * ''Airyantha'' Brummitt * ''[[Albizia]]'' Durazz. * ''Aldina'' Endl. * ''Alexa'' Moq. * ''Alhagi'' Gagnebin * ''Alistilus'' N.E.Br. * ''Almaleea'' Crisp & P.H.Weston * ''Alysicarpus'' Desv. * ''Amblygonocarpus'' Harms * ''Amburana'' Schwacke & Taub. * ''[[Amherstia]]'' Wall. * ''Amicia'' Kunth * ''Ammodendron'' Fisch. ex DC. * ''Ammopiptanthus'' S.H.Cheng * ''[[Amorpha]]'' L. * ''Amphicarpaea'' Elliott ex Nutt. * ''Amphimas'' Pierre ex Harms * ''Amphithalea'' Eckl. & Zeyh. * ''[[Anadenanthera]]'' Speg. * ''Anagyris'' L. * ''Anarthrophyllum'' Benth. * ''Andira'' Juss. * ''Androcalymma'' Dwyer * ''Angylocalyx'' Taub. * ''Antheroporum'' Gagnep. * ''Anthonotha'' P.Beauv. * ''[[Anthyllis]]'' L. * ''Antopetitia'' A.Rich. * ''[[Aotus]]'' Sm. * ''Aphanocalyx'' Oliv. * ''Aphyllodium'' (DC.) Gagnep. * ''Apios'' Fabr. * ''Apoplanesia'' C.Presl * ''Apuleia'' Mart. * ''Apurimacia'' Harms * ''[[Arachis]]'' L. * ''Arapatiella'' Rizzini & A.Mattos * ''[[Archidendron]]'' F.Muell. * ''Archidendropsis'' I.C.Nielsen * ''Arcoa'' Urb. * ''Argyrocytisus'' (Maire) Raynaud * ''Argyrolobium'' Eckl. & Zeyh. * ''[[Arthrocarpum]]'' Balf.f. * ''Arthroclianthus'' Baill. * ''[[Aspalathus]]'' L. * ''[[Astracantha]]'' Podlech * ''[[Astragalus]]'' L. * ''[[Ateleia]]'' (DC.) Benth. * ''Aubrevillea'' Pellegr. * ''Augouardia'' Pellegr. * ''Austrodolichos'' Verdc. * ''Austrosteenisia'' R.Geesink === B === * ''Baikiaea'' Benth. * ''Balsamocarpon'' Clos * ''Baphia'' Afzel. ex Lodd. * ''Baphiastrum'' Harms * ''Baphiopsis'' Benth. ex Baker * ''Baptisia'' Vent. * ''Barnebydendron'' J.H.Kirkbr. * ''Batesia'' Spruce ex Benth. * ''Bathiaea'' Drake * ''Baudouinia'' Baill. * ''[[Bauhinia]]'' L. * ''Baukea'' Vatke * ''Behaimia'' Griseb. * ''Belairia'' A.Rich. * ''Bembicidium'' Rydb. * ''Bergeronia'' Micheli * ''Berlinia'' Sol. ex Hook.f. * ''Biserrula'' L. * ''Bituminaria'' Heist. ex Fabr. * ''Bocoa'' Aubl. * ''Bolusafra'' Kuntze * ''Bolusanthus'' Harms * ''Bolusia'' Benth. * ''Bossiaea'' Vent. * ''[[Bowdichia]]'' Kunth * ''Bowringia'' Champ. ex Benth. * ''Brachycylix'' (Harms) R.S.Cowan * ''Brachysema'' R.Br. * ''[[Brachystegia]]'' Benth. * ''Brandzeia'' Baill. * ''Brenierea'' Humbert * ''Brodriguesia'' R.S.Cowan * ''[[Brongniartia]]'' Kunth * ''Brownea'' Jacq. * ''Browneopsis'' Huber * ''Brya'' P.Browne * ''Bryaspis'' P.A.Duvign. * ''Burgesia'' F.Muell. * ''Burkea'' Hook. * ''Burkilliodendron'' Sastry * ''Burtonia'' R.Br. * ''Bussea'' Harms * ''Butea'' Roxb. ex Willd. === C === * ''Cadia'' Forssk. * ''[[Caesalpinia]]'' L. * ''[[Cajanus]]'' DC. * ''Calicotome'' Link * ''Calispepla'' Vved. * ''Calliandra'' Benth. * ''Calliandropsis'' H.M.Hern. & Guinet * ''Callistachys'' Vent. * ''Calophaca'' Fisch. ex DC. * ''Calopogonium'' Desv. * ''Calpocalyx'' Harms * ''Calpurnia'' E.Mey. * ''Camoensia'' Welw. ex Benth. * ''Campsiandra'' Benth. * ''Camptosema'' Hook. & Arn. * ''Campylotropis'' Bunge * ''[[Canavalia]]'' DC. * ''Candolleodendron'' R.S.Cowan * ''Caragana'' Fabr. * ''Carmichaelia'' R.Br. * ''Carrissoa'' Baker f. * ''Cascaronia'' Griseb. * ''[[Cassia]]'' L. * ''Castanospermum'' A.Cunn. ex Hook. * ''Cedrelinga'' Ducke * ''Cenostigma'' Tul. * ''Centrolobium'' Mart. ex Benth. * ''Centrosema'' (DC.) Benth. * ''[[Ceratonia]]'' L. * ''[[Cercis]]'' L. * ''Chadsia'' Bojer * ''Chaetocalyx'' DC. * ''[[Chamaecrista]]'' Moench * ''Chamaecytisus'' Link * ''Chapmannia'' Torr. & A.Gray * ''Chesneya'' Lindl. ex Endl. * ''Chidlowia'' Hoyle * ''Chloroleucon'' (Benth.) Record * ''Chordospartium'' Cheeseman * ''Chorizema'' Labill. * ''Christia'' Moench * ''Chrysoscias'' E.Mey. * ''[[Cicer]]'' L. * ''Cladrastis'' Raf. * ''Clathrotropis'' (Benth.) Harms * ''Cleobulia'' Mart. ex Benth. * ''Clianthus'' Sol. ex Lindl. * ''[[Clitoria]]'' L. * ''[[Clitoriopsis]]'' R.Wilczek * ''Cochlianthus'' Benth. * ''Codariocalyx'' Hassk. * ''Coelidium'' Vogel ex Walp. * ''Cojoba'' Britton & Rose * ''Collaea'' DC. * ''Cologania'' Kunth * ''[[Colophospermum]]'' J.Leonard * ''Colutea'' L. * ''Colvillea'' Bojer ex Hook. * ''Conzattia'' Rose * ''[[Copaifera]]'' L. * ''Corallospartium'' J.B.Armstr. * ''Cordeauxia'' Hemsl. * ''Cordyla'' Lour. * ''[[Coronilla]]'' L. * ''Coroya'' Pierre * ''Corynella'' DC. * ''Coursetia'' DC. * ''Craibia'' Harms & Dunn * ''Cranocarpus'' Benth. * ''Craspedolobium'' Harms * ''Cratylia'' Mart. ex Benth. * ''[[Crotalaria]]'' L. * ''Cruddasia'' Prain * ''Crudia'' Schreb. * ''Cryptosepalum'' Benth. * ''Cullen'' Medik. * ''Cupulanthus'' Hutch. * ''Cyamopsis'' DC. * ''Cyathostegia'' (Benth.) Schery * ''Cyclocarpa'' Afzel. ex Baker * ''Cyclolobium'' Benth. * ''[[Cyclopia]]'' Vent. * ''Cylicodiscus'' Harms * ''Cymbosema'' Benth. * ''Cynometra'' L. * ''Cytisophyllum'' O.Lang * ''Cytisopsis'' Jaub. & Spach * ''[[Cytisus]]'' Desf. === D === * ''Dahlstedtia'' Malme * ''[[Dalbergia]]'' L.f. * ''[[Dalbergiella]]'' Baker f. * ''Dalea'' L. * ''Dalhousiea'' Wall. ex Benth. * ''[[Daniellia]]'' Benn. * ''Daviesia'' Sm. * ''[[Decorsea]]'' R.Vig. * ''[[Delonix]]'' Raf. * ''Dendrolobium'' (Wight & Arn.) Benth. * ''[[Derris]]'' Lour. * ''Desmanthus'' Willd. * ''Desmodiastrum'' (Prain) A.Pramanik & Thoth. * ''[[Desmodium]]'' Desv. * ''Detarium'' Juss. * ''Dewevrea'' Micheli * ''Dialium'' L. * ''Dicerma'' DC. * ''Dichilus'' DC. * ''Dichrostachys'' <small>(A.DC.) Wight & Arn.</small> * ''Dicorynia'' Benth. * ''[[Dicraeopetalum]]'' <small>Harms</small> * ''Dicymbe'' <small>Spruce ex Benth.</small> * ''Didelotia'' Baill. * ''Dillwynia'' Sm. * ''Dimorphandra'' Schott * ''Dinizia'' Ducke * ''Dioclea'' Kunth * ''Diphyllarium'' Gagnep. * ''Diphysa'' Jacq. * ''Diplotropis'' Benth. * ''Dipogon'' Liebm. * ''Dipteryx'' Schreb. * ''Diptychandra'' Tul. * ''Discolobium'' Benth. * ''Distemonanthus'' Benth. * ''Disynstemon'' R.Vig. * ''Dolichopsis'' Hassl. * ''[[Dolichos]]'' L. * ''[[Dorycnium]]'' Miller * ''Droogmansia'' De Wild. * ''Dumasia'' DC. * ''Dunbaria'' Wight & Arn. * ''Duparquetia'' Baill. * ''Dussia'' Krug & Urb. ex Taub. * ''Dysolobium'' (Benth.) Prain === E === * ''[[Ebenus]]'' L. * ''Echinospartum'' (Spach) Fourr. * ''Eleiotis'' DC. * ''Elephantorrhiza'' Benth. * ''Eligmocarpus'' Capuron * ''Elizabetha'' R.H.Schomb. ex Benth. * ''Eminia'' Taub. * ''Endertia'' Steenis & de Wit * ''Endosamara'' R.Geesink * ''Englerodendron'' Harms * ''[[Entada]]'' Adans. * ''Enterolobium'' Mart. * ''Eperua'' Aubl. * ''Eremosparton'' Fisch. & C.A.Mey. * ''Erichsenia'' Hemsl. * ''Erinacea'' Adans. * ''Eriosema'' (DC.) Rchb. * ''Errazurizia'' Phil. * ''Erythrina'' L. * ''Erythrophleum'' Afzel. ex G.Don * ''Etaballia'' Benth. * ''Euchilopsis'' F.Muell. * ''Euchresta'' Benn. * ''Eurypetalum'' Harms * ''[[Eutaxia]]'' R.Br. * ''Eversmannia'' Bunge * ''Exostyles'' Schott * ''Eysenhardtia'' Kunth === F === * ''Faidherbia'' A.Chev. * ''Fiebrigiella'' Harms * ''Fillaeopsis'' Harms * ''Fissicalyx'' Benth. * ''Flemingia'' Roxb. ex W.T.Aiton * ''[[Fordia]]'' Hemsl. === G === * ''Gagnebina'' Neck. ex DC. * ''Galactia'' P.Browne * ''Galega'' L. * ''Gastrolobium'' R.Br. * ''Geissaspis'' Wight & Arn. * ''[[Genista]]'' L. * ''Genistidium'' I.M.Johnst. * ''Geoffroea'' Jacq. * ''Gilbertiodendron'' J.Leonard * ''Gilletiodendron'' Vermoesen * ''[[Gleditsia]]'' L. * ''Gliricidia'' Kunth * ''Glottidium'' Desv. * ''[[Glycine]]'' Willd. * ''[[Glycyrrhiza]]'' L. * ''Goldmania'' Rose ex Micheli * ''Gompholobium'' Sm. * ''Goniorrhachis'' Taub. * ''Gonocytisus'' Spach * ''[[Goodia]]'' Salisb. * ''Gossweilerodendron'' Harms * ''Grazielodendron'' H.C.Lima * ''Griffonia'' Baill. * ''Gueldenstaedtia'' Fisch. * ''Guibourtia'' Benn. * ''Gymnocladus'' Lam. === H === * ''[[Haematoxylum]]'' L. * ''Halimodendron'' Fisch. ex DC. * ''Hallia'' Thunb. * ''Hammatolobium'' Fenzl * ''Haplormosia'' Harms * ''Hardenbergia'' Benth. * ''Hardwickia'' Roxb. * ''Harleyodendron'' R.S.Cowan * ''Harpalyce'' Moc. & Sesse ex DC. * ''Havardia'' Small * ''Hebestigma'' Urb. * ''Hedysarum'' L. * ''Herpyza'' Sauvalle * ''Hesperolaburnum'' Maire * ''Hesperothamnus'' Brandegee * ''Heterostemon'' Desf. * ''Hippocrepis'' L. * ''Hoffmannseggia'' Cav. * ''Hoita'' Rydb. * ''Holocalyx'' Micheli * ''Hovea'' R.Br. ex W.T.Aiton * ''Humboldtia'' Vahl * ''Humularia'' P.A.Duvign. * ''Hybosema'' Harms * ''Hylodendron'' Taub. * ''Hymenaea'' L. * ''Hymenocarpos'' Savi * ''Hymenolobium'' Benth. * ''Hymenostegia'' (Benth.) Harms * ''Hypocalyptus'' Thunb. * ''[[Hippocrepis]]'' L. === I === * ''Icuria'' Wieringa * ''[[Indigofera]]'' L. * ''Indopiptadenia'' Brenan * ''[[Inga]]'' Mill. * ''Inocarpus'' J.R.Forst. & G.Forst. * ''Intsia'' Thouars * ''Isoberlinia'' Craib & Stapf ex Holland * ''Isotropis'' Benth. === J === * ''Jacksonia'' R.Br. ex Sm. * ''Jacqueshuberia'' Ducke * ''Jansonia'' Kippist * ''Julbernardia'' Pellegr. === K === * ''Kalappia'' Kosterm. * ''Kanaloa'' Lorence & K.R.Wood * ''Kennedia'' Vent. * ''Kingiodendron'' Harms * ''Koompassia'' Maingay * ''Kotschya'' Endl. * ''Kummerowia'' Schindl. * ''Kunstleria'' Prain === L === * ''Labichea'' Gaudich. ex DC. * ''[[Lablab]]'' Adans. * ''[[Laburnum]]'' Fabr. * ''Lamprolobium'' Benth. * ''[[Lathyrus]]'' L. * ''Latrobea'' Meisn. * ''[[Lebeckia]]'' Thunb. * ''Lebruniodendron'' J.Leonard * ''Lecointea'' Ducke * ''[[Lemurodendron]]'' Villiers & Guinet * ''[[Lemuropisum]]'' H.Perrier * ''Lennea'' Klotzsch * ''[[Lens]]'' Mill. * ''Leonardoxa'' Aubrev. * ''Leptoderris'' Dunn * ''Leptodesmia'' (Benth.) Benth. * ''Leptosema'' Benth. * ''Lespedeza'' Michx. * ''Lessertia'' DC. * ''Leucaena'' Benth. * ''Leucomphalos'' Benth. ex Planch. * ''Leucostegane'' Prain * ''Librevillea'' Hoyle * ''Liparia'' L. * ''Loesenera'' Harms * ''Lonchocarpus'' Kunth * ''Lophocarpinia'' Burkart * ''Lotononis'' (DC.) Eckl. & Zeyh. * ''[[Lotus]]'' L. * ''Luetzelburgia'' Harms * ''[[Lupinus]]'' L. * ''[[Luzonia]]'' Elmer * ''Lysidice'' Hance * ''Lysiloma'' Benth. === M === * ''Maackia'' Rupr. * ''Machaerium'' Pers. * ''Macrolobium'' Schreb. * ''Macropsychanthus'' Harms ex K.Schum. & Lauterb. * ''Macroptilium'' (Benth.) Urb. * ''Macrosamanea'' Britton & Rose * ''Macrotyloma'' (Wight & Arn.) Verdc. * ''Maniltoa'' Scheff. * ''Margaritolobium'' Harms * ''Marina'' Liebm. * ''Marmaroxylon'' Killip * ''Martiodendron'' Gleason * ''Mastersia'' Benth. * ''Mecopus'' Benn. * ''[[Medicago]]'' L. * ''[[Melanoxylon]]'' Schott * ''[[Melilotus]]'' Mill. * ''Melliniella'' Harms * ''Melolobium'' Eckl. & Zeyh. * ''Mendoravia'' Capuron * ''Michelsonia'' Hauman * ''Microberlinia'' A.Chev. * ''Mildbraediodendron'' Harms * ''Millettia'' Wight & Arn. * ''[[Mimosa]]'' L. * ''Mimozyganthus'' Burkart * ''Mirbelia'' Sm. * ''Moldenhawera'' Schrad. * ''Monopetalanthus'' Harms * ''Monopteryx'' Spruce ex Benth. * ''Mora'' Benth. * ''Moullava'' Adans. * ''[[Mucuna]]'' Adans. * ''Muellera'' L.f. * ''Muelleranthus'' Hutch. * ''Mundulea'' (DC.) Benth. * ''Myrocarpus'' Allemao * ''Myrospermum'' Jacq. * ''Myroxylon'' L.f. === N === * ''Nemcia'' Domin * ''Neoapaloxylon'' Rauschert * ''Neochevalierodendron'' J.Leonard * ''Neocollettia'' Hemsl. * ''Neodielsia'' Harms * ''Neodunnia'' R.Vig. * ''Neoharmsia'' R.Vig. * ''Neonotonia'' Lackey * ''Neorautanenia'' Schinz * ''Neorudolphia'' Britton * ''Nephrodesmus'' Schindl. * ''Neptunia'' Lour. * ''Nesphostylis'' Verdc. * ''Newtonia'' Baill. * ''Nissolia'' Jacq. * ''Nogra'' Merr. * ''Notodon'' Urb. * ''Notospartium'' Hook.f. === O === * ''Obolinga'' Barneby * ''Oddoniodendron'' De Wild. * ''Olneya'' A.Gray * ''[[Onobrychis]]'' Mill. * ''[[Ononis]]'' L. * ''Ophrestia'' H.M.L.Forbes * ''Orbexilum'' Raf. * ''Oreophysa'' (Bunge ex Boiss.) Bornm. * ''Ormocarpopsis'' R.Vig. * ''Ormocarpum'' P.Beauv. * ''Ormosia'' Jacks. * ''Ornithopus'' L. * ''Orphanodendron'' Barneby & J.W.Grimes * ''Ostryocarpus'' Hook.f. * ''Otholobium'' C.H.Stirt. * ''Otoptera'' DC. * ''Oxylobium'' Andrews * ''Oxyrhynchus'' Brandegee * ''Oxystigma'' Harms * ''Oxytropis'' DC. === P === * ''Pachecoa'' Standl. & Steyerm. * ''Pachyelasma'' Harms * ''Pachyrhizus'' Rich. ex DC. * ''Padbruggea'' Miq. * ''Paloue'' Aubl. * ''Paloveopsis'' R.S.Cowan * ''Panurea'' Spruce ex Benth. * ''Paracalyx'' Ali * ''Paramachaerium'' Ducke * ''Paramacrolobium'' J.Leonard * ''Parapiptadenia'' Brenan * ''Pararchidendron'' I.C.Nielsen * ''Paraserianthes'' I.C.Nielsen * ''[[Parkia]]'' R.Br. * ''[[Parkinsonia]]'' L. * ''[[Paubrasilia]]'' (Lam.) Gagnon, H.C.Lima & G.P.Lewis * ''Parochetus'' Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don * ''Parryella'' Torr. & A.Gray * ''Pearsonia'' Dummer * ''Pediomelum'' Rydb. * ''Pellegriniodendron'' J.Leonard * ''Peltogyne'' Vogel * ''[[Peltophorum]]'' (Vogel) Benth. * ''Pentaclethra'' Benth. * ''Periandra'' Mart. ex Benth. * ''Pericopsis'' Thwaites * ''Petaladenium'' Ducke * ''Petalostylis'' R.Br. * ''Peteria'' A.Gray * ''Petteria'' C.Presl * ''[[Phaseolus]]'' L. * ''Phylacium'' Benn. * ''Phyllocarpus'' Riedel ex Tul. * ''Phyllodium'' Desv. * ''Phyllota'' (DC.) Benth. * ''Phylloxylon'' Baill. * ''[[Physostigma]]'' Balf. * ''Pickeringia'' Nutt. * ''Pictetia'' DC. * ''Piptadenia'' Benth. * ''Piptadeniastrum'' Brenan * ''Piptadeniopsis'' Burkart * ''Piptanthus'' Sweet * ''Piscidia'' L. * ''[[Pisum]]'' L. * ''[[Pithecellobium]]'' Mart. * ''Plagiocarpus'' Benth. * ''Plagiosiphon'' Harms * ''Plathymenia'' Benth. * ''Platycelyphium'' Harms * ''Platycyamus'' Benth. * ''Platylobium'' Sm. * ''Platymiscium'' Vogel * ''Platypodium'' Vogel * ''Platysepalum'' Welw. ex Baker * ''Podalyria'' Willd. * ''Podocytisus'' Boiss. & Heldr. * ''Poecilanthe'' Benth. * ''Poeppigia'' C.Presl * ''Poiretia'' Vent. * ''Poitea'' Vent. * ''Polhillia'' C.H.Stirt. * ''Polystemonanthus'' Harms * ''Pongamia'' Vent. * ''Pongamiopsis'' R.Vig. * ''Priestleya'' DC. * ''Prioria'' Griseb. * ''Prosopidastrum'' Burkart * ''Prosopis'' L. * ''Pseudarthria'' Wight & Arn. * ''Pseudeminia'' Verdc. * ''Pseudoeriosema'' Hauman * ''Pseudomacrolobium'' Hauman * ''Pseudopiptadenia'' Rauschert * ''Pseudoprosopis'' Harms * ''Pseudosindora'' Symington * ''Pseudovigna'' (Harms) Verdc. * ''Psophocarpus'' DC. * ''Psoralea'' L. * ''Psoralidium'' Rydb. * ''Psorothamnus'' Rydb. * ''Pterocarpus'' Jacq. * ''Pterodon'' Vogel * ''Pterogyne'' Tul. * ''Pterolobium'' R.Br. ex Wight & Arn. * ''Ptycholobium'' Harms * ''Ptychosema'' Benth. * ''Pueraria'' DC. * ''Pultenaea'' Sm. * ''Punjuba'' Britton & Rose * ''Pycnospora'' R.Br. ex Wight & Arn. === R === * ''Rafnia'' Thunb. * ''Ramirezella'' Rose * ''Ramorinoa'' Speg. * ''Recordoxylon'' Ducke * ''Requienia'' DC. * ''Retama'' Raf. * ''Rhodopis'' Urb. * ''Rhynchosia'' Lour. * ''Rhynchotropis'' Harms * ''Riedeliella'' Harms * ''[[Robinia]]'' L. * ''Robynsiophyton'' R.Wilczek * ''Rothia'' Pers. * ''Rupertia'' J.W.Grimes === S === * ''Sabinea'' DC. * ''[[Sakoanala (antokon-javamaniry)|Sakoanala]]'' R.Vig. * ''Salweenia'' Baker f. * ''Saraca'' L. * ''Sarcodum'' Lour. * ''Sartoria'' Boiss. & Heldr. * ''Sauvallella'' Rydb. * ''Schefflerodendron'' Harms * ''[[Schizolobium]]'' Vogel * ''Schleinitzia'' Warb. * ''Schotia'' Jacq. * ''Schrankia'' Willd. * ''[[Sclerolobium]]'' Vogel * ''Scorodophloeus'' Harms * ''Scorpiurus'' L. * ''Sellocharis'' Taub. * ''[[Senegalia]]'' Raf. * ''[[Senna]]'' Mill. * ''Serianthes'' Benth. * ''Sesbania'' Scop. * ''Shuteria'' Wight & Arn. * ''Sindora'' Miq. * ''Sindoropsis'' J.Leonard * ''Sinodolichos'' Verdc. * ''Smirnowia'' Bunge * ''Smithia'' Aiton * ''Soemmeringia'' Mart. * ''[[Sophora]]'' L. * ''Spartidium'' Pomel * ''Spartium'' L. * ''Spathionema'' Taub. * ''Spatholobus'' Hassk. * ''Sphaerolobium'' Sm. * ''Sphaerophysa'' DC. * ''Sphenostylis'' E.Mey. * ''Sphinctospermum'' Rose * ''Spirotropis'' Tul. * ''Spongiocarpella'' Yakovlev & N.Ulziykh. * ''Stachyothyrsus'' Harms * ''Stahlia'' Bello * ''Stauracanthus'' Link * ''Stemonocoleus'' Harms * ''Stenodrepanum'' Harms * ''Storckiella'' Seem. * ''Stracheya'' Benth. * ''Streblorrhiza'' Endl. * ''Strongylodon'' Vogel * ''Strophostyles'' Elliott * ''Stryphnodendron'' Mart. * ''Stuhlmannia'' Taub. * ''Stylosanthes'' Sw. * ''Styphnolobium'' Schott ex Endl. * ''Sutherlandia'' R.Br. ex W.T.Aiton * ''Swainsona'' Salisb. * ''Swartzia'' Schreb. * ''Sweetia'' Spreng. * ''Sympetalandra'' Stapf === T === * ''Tachigali'' Aubl. * ''Tadehagi'' H.Ohashi * ''Talbotiella'' Baker f. * ''[[Tamarindus]]'' L. * ''Taralea'' Aubl. * ''Taverniera'' DC. * ''Templetonia'' R.Br. ex W.T.Aiton * ''Tephrosia'' Pers. * ''Teramnus'' P.Browne * ''Tessmannia'' Harms * ''Tetraberlinia'' (Harms) Hauman * ''Tetrapleura'' Benth. * ''Tetrapterocarpon'' Humbert * ''Teyleria'' Backer * ''Thermopsis'' R.Br. * ''Thylacanthus'' Tul. * ''Tipuana'' (Benth.) Benth. * ''Trifidacanthus'' Merr. * ''[[Trifolium]]'' L. * ''[[Trigonella]]'' L. * ''Tylosema'' (Schweinf.) Torre & Hillc. === U === * ''[[Uleanthus]]'' Harms * ''[[Ulex]]'' L. * ''Umtiza'' Sim * ''[[Uraria]]'' Desv. * ''Uribea'' Dugand & Romero * ''Urodon'' Turcz. === V === * ''[[Vachellia]]'' Raf * ''Vandasina'' Rauschert * ''Vatairea'' Aubl. * ''Vataireopsis'' Ducke * ''Vatovaea'' Chiov. * ''Vavilovia'' Fed. * ''[[Vicia]]'' L. * ''[[Vigna]]'' Savi * ''Viminaria'' Sm. * ''Virgilia'' Poir. * ''Vouacapoua'' Aubl. === W === * ''Wajira'' Thulin * ''Wallaceodendron'' Koord. * ''Weberbauerella'' Ulbr. * ''Westia'' Vahl * ''Whitfordiodendron'' Elmer * ''Wiborgia'' Thunb. * ''Willardia'' Rose * ''[[Wisteria]]'' Nutt. === X === * ''Xanthocercis'' Baill. * ''Xerocladia'' Harv. * ''Xeroderris'' Roberty * ''Xiphotheca'' Eckl. & Zeyh. * ''Xylia'' Benth. === Y === * ''Yucaratonia'' Burkart === Z === * ''Zapoteca'' H.M.Hern. * ''Zenia'' Chun * ''Zenkerella'' Taub. * ''Zollernia'' Wied-Neuw. & Nees * ''Zornia'' J.F.Gmel. * ''Zuccagnia'' Cav. * ''Zygia'' P.Browne === Vondron-karazana misy eto Madagasikara === Eto [[Madagasikara]], ny fianakaviana ''[[Fabaceae]]'' (na ''[[Fabaceae|Leguminosae]]'') dia anisan' ny fianakaviana ahitana zavamaniry isan-karazany betsaka indrindra. Araka ny ''The Leguminosae of Madagascar'' (Du Puy et al., 2002), dia eo amin' ny 140 ka hatramin' ny 150 eo ho eo ny vondron-karazana misy ary 670 mahery ny karazany, ka ny 80&nbsp;% amin' ireo dia tsy misy afa-tsy eto amin' ny Nosy. Raha arahina ny [[fanasokajiana klasika]] izay mizara ho zana-pianakaviana telo io fianakavana io dia izao no zava-misy: Ahitana vondron-karazana eo anelanelan' ny 50 sy 100 ny zana-pianakaviana ''[[Papilionoideae]]'' (''[[Faboideae]]''), ka anisan' izany ny ''[[Dalbergia]]'', ny ''[[Indigofera]]'', ny ''[[Crotalaria]]'', ny ''[[Mundulea]]'', ny ''[[Phylloxylon]]'', ny ''[[Xanthocercis]]'', ny ''[[Millettia]]'', ny ''[[Bauhinia]]'', ny ''[[Cassia]]'', ny ''[[Caesalpinia]]'', ny ''[[Leptodesmia]]'' ary ny ''[[Vigna]]''. Ny ao amin' ny zana-pianakaviana ''[[Caesalpinioideae]]'' kosa dia ahitana vondron-karazana eo anelanelan' ny 20 sy 30, ka anisan' izany ny ''[[Chamaecrista]]'', ny ''[[Senna]]'', ny ''[[Delonix]]'', ny ''[[Bauhinia]]'', ny ''[[Tamarindus]]'', ny ''[[Colvillea]]'', ny ''[[Alantsilodendron]]'', ny ''[[Gagnebina]]'', ny ''[[Baudouinia]]'', ny ''[[Tetrapterocarpon]]'' ary ny ''[[Adenanthera]]''. Ahitana vondron-karazana eo anelanelan' ny 15 sy 20 ny ao amin' ny zana-pianakaviana ''[[Mimosoideaedia]]'', ka anisan' izany ny ''[[Acacia]]'', ny ''[[Senegalia]]'', ny ''[[Entada]]'', ny ''[[Vachellia]]'', ny ''[[Albizia]]'', ny ''[[Mimosa]]'', ny ''[[Dichrostachys]]'' ary ny ''[[Phylloxylon]]''. 0w0a3qvqdxm10p0ewtx1ee900ip6dxg 0 302017 1152496 1150681 2026-10-24T15:54:15Z Thelezifor 15140 Rohy anatiny 1152496 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:Starr 080716-9291 Ensete ventricosum.jpg|vignette|481x481px|''Ensete ventricosum'']] Ny '''''Ensete''''' dia vondron-karazan-javamaniry ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Musaceae]]'', ao amin' ny filaharana [[Zingiberales]] ankoatra ny ''[[Musa]]'' (vondrona misy ny [[Akondro (zavamaniry)|akondro]]) sy ny ''[[Musella]]'', izay mamokatra voan' akondro madinika. Ahitana karazana fito ity vondrona ity, ary samy avy amin' ny faritra mafana avokoa izy ireo. Ny ''Ensete ventricosum'' dia volena mba hahazoana ny fakany izay azo hanina, indrindra fa any [[Etiôpia]], raha toa kosa ka natao haingon-tokontany na haingon-jaridaina no tena antony ambolena ny karazana hafa. Misy amin' ireo karazana ireo no volena anaty trano fitaratra any amin' ny firenena manana toetany antonony, na any ivelany mihitsy any amin' ny faritra tsy dia mangatsiaka loatra. Avy atỳ [[Afrika]] sy any Azia ny karazana ao anatin' ity vondrona ity. == Lisitry ny karazana == Inty ny lisitry ny karazana ao amin' ny ''Ensete'': * ''[[Ensete gilletii]]'' <small>(De Wild.) Cheesman</small> (← ''Ensete livingstonianum'' <small>(J.Kirk) Cheesman.</small>'', Musa gilletii'' <small>De Wild</small>) – teratany ao [[Afrika Andrefana]] trôpikaly hatrany [[Malaoy]] * ''[[Ensete glaucum]]'' <small>(Roxb.) Cheesman</small> – miely any [[Azia]]: hatrany [[India]] ka hatrany [[Papoazia Ginea Vaovao]] * ''[[Ensete homblei]]'' <small>(Bequaert ex De Wild.) Cheesman</small> – teratany ao amin' ny faritra atsimo-atsinanana ao amin' ny [[Repoblika Demôkratikan'i Kôngô|Repoblika Demôkratikan' i Kôngô]] ka hatrany avaratra amin' i [[Zambia]] * ''[[Ensete lecongkietii]]'' <small>Luu, N.L.Vu & Q.D.Nguyen</small> – tsy fahita afa-tsy any [[Vietnamy|Vietinamy]] ([[Azia Atsimo-Atsinanana]]) * ''[[Ensete perrieri]]'' <small>(Claverie) Cheesman</small> (← ''Musa perrieri'') – tsy fahita afa-tsy eto [[Madagasikara]] nefa mitovitovy amin' ny ''Ensete glaucum'' any Azia (amin' ny teny malagasy ny anarany dia ''antsirohoroka'', ''ontsy'', ''tsirohoroka'' ary ''voantsirohoroka'') * ''[[Ensete superbum]]'' <small>(Roxb.) Cheesman</small> – hita any Ghats Andrefana any [[India]] * ''[[Ensete ventricosum]]'' <small>(Welw.) Cheesman</small> – ambolena hatao sakafo ao [[Etiôpia]] * ''[[Ensete wilsonii]]'' <small>(Tutcher) Cheesman</small> (← ''Musa wilsonii'' <small>Tutcher</small>) – hita any [[Yunnan]] ([[Repoblika Entim-Bahoakan' i Sina|Sina]]), nefa mitovitovy amin' ny ''Ensete glaucum'' == Jereo koa == * ''[[Musa]]'' * ''[[Musella]]'' 047e86e6mf23nwltapimld6z5ps4tuc 0 302020 1152495 1150855 2026-10-24T15:52:10Z Thelezifor 15140 1152495 wikitext text/x-wiki Ny '''''Ensete perrieri''''' dia karazan-javamaniry mamony [[tokan-dravin-tsimoka]] ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Musaceae]]'', (fianakavian' ny [[Akondro (zavamaniry)|akondro]]). Io no hany karazana teratany amin' ny fianakaviana ''Musaceae'' eto [[Madagasikara]] sady tsy fahita afa-tsy ao amin' ny faritra andrefana sy afovoan-tany amin' ny Nosy. Amin' ny [[Fiteny malagasy|teny malagasy]] izy dia atao hoe '''antsirohoroka''', '''ontsy''', '''tsirohoroka'''<ref name=":6"><small>"[https://tenymalagasy.org/bins/teny2?w=musa Musa]", ''Diksionera sy Rakipahalalana malagasy''</small></ref> na '''tsiroroka'''<ref name=":4"><small>"[https://www.ethnopharmacologia.org/recherche-dans-prelude/?plant_id=6932 Ensete perrieri (Claverie) Cheesman]", ''www.ethnopharmacologia.org''</small></ref>. Atao hoe '''voantsirohoroka''' ny voany<ref name=":6" />'''.''' ''Ensete perrieri'' <small>(Claverie) Cheesman</small> no anarany ara-tsiansa feno ary nantsoina hoe '''''Musa perrieri''''' <small>Claverie</small> izy io teo aloha. Voasokajy ho karazana tandindomin-doza mafy izy io noho ny fandripahana ala sy ny [[Fiovan' ny toetany|fiovan']] [[Fiovan' ny toetany|ny toetany]]. Misy ny bôtanista mino fa mety ho loharano ara-pototarazon' ny fanoherana ny aretina mpahazo ny akondro, atao hoe [[aretin' i Panama]], ity karazana ity nefa mbola mila porofo izany; io aretina io no nandripaka ny akondro "Gros Michel" (anisan' ny ''[[Musa acuminata]]'') sady mandrahona ny akondro "Cavendish" (anisan' ny ''Musa acuminata'' ihany koa), izay karazana akondro tena lehibe eo amin' ny varotra iraisam-pirenena<ref name=":1"><small>"[https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-44712034 Yes! We have no bananas: Why the song may come true again]". ''BBC''. Helen Briggs. 5 July 2018. [https://web.archive.org/web/20241225021534/https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-44712034 Arsiva] tamin' ny 25/12/2024. Notsidihina tamin' ny 11/12/2024.</small></ref><ref name=":2"><small>Allen, Richard; Clarkson, James J; Ralimanana, Hélène (6 July 2018). "[https://www.kew.org/read-and-watch/madagascan-banana The critically endangered Madagascar Banana]". Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Arsiva tamin' ny 20/12/2024. Notsidihina tamin' ny 11/12/2024. "Only five mature individuals of E. perrieri have been previously identified in the whole of Madagascar, and a recent survey has suggested that now only three of these may be left (Analavelona, Ampefy and Maintirano areas)."</small></ref>. Mampiavaka azy ny fitomboany haingana sy ny toetrany mamoa indray mandeha monja ary ny voany feno vihim-boa sady tsy azo hanina<ref><small>"[https://motmalgache.org/bins/teny2/tsirohoroka#mg.n Tsirohoroka]", ''motmalgache.org''</small></ref>. == Taksônômia == Nisy santionany nangonin' ilay bôtanista frantsay antsoina hoe Pierre Claverie tao amin' ny faritr' i [[Betsiboka (ony)|Betsiboka]] tamin' ny taona 1905, ary voatahiry ao amin' ny tahirin-javamanirin' ny [[Muséum national d'histoire naturelle]] any [[Frantsa]] izany<ref><small>"[https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/4061008915 Occurrence Detail 4061008915]". ''[[Global Biodiversity Information Facility]]''. Notsidihina tamin' ny 15/12/2024.</small></ref>. Ny ontsy na tsirohoroka dia nahazo anarana avy amin' i Joseph Marie Henry Alfred Perrier de la Bâthie; tany am-boalohany dia tao amin' ny vondron-karazana ''[[Musa]]'' no nanasokajiana azy<ref><small>"[https://www.gbif.org/species/8412469 Musa perrieri Bonnier] {{Wayback|url=https://www.gbif.org/species/8412469 |date=20250217190646 }}". ''www.[[Global Biodiversity Information Facility|gbif]].org''. Notsihina tamin' ny 18/01/2025.</small></ref>, saingy novan' i Ernest Entwistle Cheesman ho ao amin' ny vondrona ''[[Ensete]]'' izany taty aoriana<ref><small>Cheesman, E. E. (1947). "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/4109206 Classification of the Bananas: The Genus Ensete Horan]". Kew Bulletin. 2 (2): 97–106. Bibcode:1947KewBu...2...97C. doi:10.2307/4109206. ISSN 0075-5974. JSTOR 4109206.</small></ref>. Havana akaikin' ny ''[[Ensete ventricosum]]'' ny ''Ensete perrieri''<ref name=":2" />. == Famariparitana == Zavamaniry manana endrika hazo nefa ahitra lehibe sahala amn' ny [[Akondro (zavamaniry)|akondro]] tena izy ny ''Ensete perrieri''<ref name=":3"><small>"[https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584802-1 Ensete perrieri (Claverie) Cheesman | Plants of the World Online | Kew Science]". ''[[Plants of the World Online]]''. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. [https://web.archive.org/web/20241215033839/https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584802-1 Arsiva] tamin' ny 15/12/2024. Notsidihina tamin' ny 19/12/2024.</small></ref>. Mitombo haongana izy. Mônôkarpika izy io, izany hoe mamony sy mamoa indray mandeha monja izy ary maty aorian' izay. Amin' ny ankapobeny izy dia maniry irery fa tsy misy solofony izy (tsy toy ny akondro mahazatra ao amin' ny vondron-karazana ''[[Musa]]''). === Ravina === Mahitsy sy miakatra ny ravina, ary ny vondron-dravina dia misaraka eo amin' ny tendrom-batany. Manopy mavo ny ravina sady misy tangozany fohy dia fohy, ka mamorona endrika matevina sy mirindra eo an-tendron' ny vatan' ilay zavamaniry. Mihintsana ny raviny rehetra mandritra ny vanim-potoana maina, ka ny vatany, izay fitambaran' ny fototry ny raviny, ihany no sisa mijanona<ref><small>Jolly, Alison; Oberlé, Philippe; Albignac, Roland (2016-01-22) [1984]. ''[https://books.google.mg/books?id=lR0lBQAAQBAJ&dq=Ensete+perrieri+-ventricosum&pg=PA27&redir_esc=y Key Environments: Madagascar]'' (1st ed.). Oxford: Pergamon Press, IUCN. p. 42. <nowiki>ISBN 978-1-4832-8595-5</nowiki>. OCLC 756437768. OL 39908881M – via ''Plants of the World Online''.</small></ref>. === Vatana sy fakany === Lehibe sady matanjaka ny vatan' ny ''Ensete perrieri'', ary manana endrika mahafinaritra miloko somary manga na maitso-manga. Tao amin' ny ''Ensete perrieri'' nodinihin' i Claverie dia manana haavo 5 ka hatramin' ny 6 m, ary manana vatany izay mibontsina eo amin' ny fotony izay lasa vodiny matevina manana hodidina 2,5 m (savaivo 80 sm). Voahodidin' ny fono ravina izay tsy mihintsana ny tahony ka mahatonga azy ho toy ny vatan-kazo lehibe mivelatra eo amin' ny fotony. Mirefy eo amin' ny 2 m eo ho eo ny hodidina (savaivo 64 sm) eo amin' ny fotony, 2,5 m (savaivo 80 sm) kosa rehefa miakatra kely (eo amin' ny haavo 50 sm), ary 0,7 m monja (savaivo 22,3 sm) rehefa manandrify ny ravina ambany<ref><small>[https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/161596#page/73/mode/1up Annales du Muśee colonial de Marseille]. Vol. ser.2:v.7. Aix-Marseille University Faculty of Sciences. 1909. pp. 74–86. OCLC 731007973.</small></ref>. Fotsy sy matevina ary miendrika varingarina ny fakany izay tsy misy solofony. === Vony sy brakte === Mipoitra avy eo afovoan' ny vondron-dravina ny tahon-bony. Alohan' ny hiondrehany, ilay taho mitondra ny vondrom-bony dia ahitana braktre (ravina fiarovana) roa lehibe sady mifanalavitra mitovitovy amin' ny ravin' akondro saingy kely ny fotony mamihina ny taho (ny ambany dia mirefy eo amin' ny 80 sm eo ho eo, ary ny ambony kosa 50 sm). Eo amin' ny farany ambany indrindra amin' ny vondrom-bony dia misy brakte telo tsy mamokatra, izay manana felany tena kely. Mirefy eo amin' ny 60 sm eo ho eo ny halavan 'ilay ambany indrindra, ary 35 sm ny sakany. Mivondrona ho sampaho mihantona ny vony, sady voaaron' ny brakte lehibe sy miloko. Ny vony vavy na ny vony sady lahy no vavy dia mamokatra voa toa akondro kely. === Voa === Mitovy amin' ny akondro kely ny von' ny ''Ensete perrieri'' izay mivondrona ho lafitra (andiany), izay voalaza fa mangidy tsy heverina ho fihinana. Tsy toy ny voan' akondro mahazatra ny voany izay maina sy ahitana vihim-boa maro be sy lehibe ary mafy sady miloko volontany. Mivoha amin' ny alalan' ny fivakisany telo manaraka ny andavany ka ahafahana mahita ny vihim-boany izay atao hoe "voantsirohoroka" amin' ny teny malagasy. == Toerana sy faritra aniriana == Teratany any amin' ny ala trôpikaly misy fizaran-taona maina ao amin' ny faritra andrefana amin' i [[Madagasikara]] ny ''Ensete perrieri''<ref name=":3" />. Na izany aza, ny angona ara-tantara sy ny lisitry ny fanisana dia mampiseho fiparitahana mihoatra noho ny faritra amorontsiraka andrefana. Mahay miatrika vanim-potoana lava tsy misy orana io karazana io; mandritra izany fotoana izany dia matetika no manary ny sasany amin' ny raviny izy mba ho velona amin' ny alalan' ny tahirin' otrikaina voangony ao amin' ny fotony. === Faritra nahitana azy tamin' ny lasa === Ny fanondroana ny santionany fototra navoakan' i Väre & Häkkinen (2011) dia manonona an' [[Ambongo]] ho nahitana an' izany santionany izany<ref name=":5"><small>Väre & Häkkinen (2011), "[https://sciencepress.mnhn.fr/sites/default/files/articles/pdf/a2011n2a3.pdf? Typification and check-list of Ensete Horan. names (Musaceae) with nomenclatural notes]", ''Adansonia''</small></ref>. Ny loharanom-baovao ara-tantara mifandraika amin' ny famariparitana ny ''Musa perrieri'' dia manonona ihany koa an' [[Ankaladina]] sy ny [[Lembalemban' Ankara]] ary i [[Tampoketsa]] eo akaikin' ny renirano [[Mahavavy]]<ref name=":5" />. === Faritra ahitana azy ankehitriny === Tamin' ny taona 2018 dia noheverin' ny bôtanista ao amin' ny [[Kew Gardens]] fa telo monja tamin' ny dimy efa lehibe fantatra no sisa amin' ity karazana ity tao amin' ny faritr' [[Analavelona]] sy [[Ampefy]] ary [[Maintirano]], na dia nisy zanany hita ihany koa<ref name=":1" />. Tsy isany manerana an' i Madagasikara manontolo anefa izany<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" />. Milaza ny Kew fa hita tao amin' ny [[Tahirin-javaboarin' ny Tsingin' i Bemaraha]] ([[Faritra Melaky]]) ny ''Ensete perrieri''<ref name=":2" />. Ny lisitry ny zavamaniry hita ao amin' ny faritra [[Beanka]] (Faritra Melaky) dia manondro mazava tsara ny ''Ensete perrieri'' ho anisan' ny zavamaniry manana lalan-dranon-kazo (''Tracheophyta'') hita tao amin' io faritra andrefana io<ref><small>"[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/319159733_Inventaire_des_plantes_vasculaires_de_la_region_de_Beanka_Region_Melaky_Ouest_de_Madagascar Inventaire des plantes vasculaires de la région de Beanka, Région Melaky, Ouest de Madagascar.]", ''www.researchgate.net''</small></ref>. I [[Maintirano]] dia anisan' ny faritra telo izay nanamarihan' ny Kew fa mety mbola ahitana zavamaniry efa lehibe, araka ny fanadihadiana notaterina tamin' ny taona 2018<ref name=":2" />. Toerana manan-danja iray hafa koa ny [[Tangorom-tendombohitra Analavelona]] sy ny [[Alan' Analavelona|ala]] [[Alan' Analavelona|ao aminy]] (ao amin' ny [[Faritra Atsimo-Andrefana]]) izay anisan' ny faritra telo nahitana, na heverina fa mety hahitana, ny santionany efa lehibe farany sisa tavela amin' ny ''Ensete perrieri'' nandritra ny fanadihadiana nataony<ref name=":2" />. Misy lahatsoratra iray momba ny famerenana amin' ny laoniny ny tontolo iainana eto Madagasikara izay manamafy ihany koa ny fisian' io zavamaniry io ao amin' ny Alan' Analavelona<ref><small>"[https://mbgecologicalrestoration.wordpress.com/2023/05/24/valorising-malagasy-protected-areas-as-seed-sources-for-forest-restoration/ Valorising Malagasy protected areas as seed sources for forest restoration]", ''mbgecologicalrestoration.wordpress.com'' (Missouri Botanical Garden)</small></ref>. Nanonona an' [[Ampefy]] ([[Faritra Itasy]]) ho anisan' ny faritra telo ahitana ny ''Ensete perrieri'' efa lehibe farany fantatra fa mbola velona araka ilay fanadihadiana navoaka tamin' ny taona 2018 ny Kew<ref><small>"[https://www.kew.org/read-and-watch/madagascan-banana? The critically endangered Madagascar Banana]", ''www.kew.org''</small></ref>. Mampiseho izany fa tsy azo ferana amin' ny faritry ny morontsiraka andrefana fotsiny ny fiparitahan' io karazana io tany aloha. === Faritra mbola mila fanamarinana === Anisan' ny zavamaniry fanafody voarakitra ao amin' ny faritra nanaovana fanadihadiana tao amin' ny kaominina [[Mahaboboka]] sy [[Amboronabo]] ary [[Mikoboka]] (Faritra Atsimo-Andrefana) ny karazana iray nomena anarana hoe ''Ensete aff. perrieri'', izany hoe zavamaniry tena mitovy amin' ny ''Ensete perrieri'' fa tsy tena fantatra na izy na tsy izy<ref name=":4" />. == Fampiasana == Tena voafetra ny fampiasana ny ''Ensete perrieri'' eo amin' ny lafiny sakafo sy varotra; izany no mampiavaka azy tanteraka amin' ny akondro mahazatra ao amin' ny vodron-karazana ''[[Musa]]'', na ilay karazana mitovitovy aminy any Etiôpia (''[[Ensete ventricosum]]''). Noho ny vihim-boany lehibe dia tsy dia mahafinaritra ny mihinana ny voany<ref name=":1" />. Na izany aza dia misy ihany ny fampiasana azy io. Tsy tokony hafangaro amin' ny [[ambihy]], izay akondrodia, karazana ''[[Musa acuminata]]'', any amin' ny morontsiraka avaratra-atsinanana amin' i [[Madagasikara]] ny ''Ensete perrieri''. Na dia ahitana vihim-boa maro aza dia ao amin' ny vondron-karazana ''Musa'' no misy ny ambihy, ka tsy mitovy amin' ny tsirohoroka izany. === Fitsaboana nentim-paharazana === Araka ny angon-drakitra ''Prélude'' momba ny fitsaboana nentim-paharazana afrikanina, ny fanadihadiana natao teo anivon' ny mponina any atsimo-andrefana amin' i [[Madagasikara]] (indrindra fa tao [[Mahaboboka]]) dia mitatitra fampiasana azy. Potehina ho vovoka ny voan' ny ''Ensete perrieri'' dia afangaro amin' ny rano io vovoka io avy eo ary apetaka manodidina ny maso mba hitsaboana ny aretin' ny hodi-maso sy aretina hafa mahazo ny maso. Any amin' ny faritra atsimo-andrefana amin' i Madagasikara, fanao nentim-paharazana ny mitoto ny tahony ho vovoka mba hitsaboana ny fanaintainan' ny kibo<ref><small>Randrianarivony, Tabita N.; et al. (2016-12-23). "[https://www.ajol.info/index.php/mcd/article/view/149654 Value of useful goods and ecosystem services from Agnalavelo sacred forest and their relationships with forest conservation]". ''Madagascar Conservation & Development''. 11 (2): 47. doi:10.4314/mcd.v11i2.1. ISSN 1662-2510.</small></ref>. Atao tambavy hosotroina ny ravin' ilay zavamaniry mba hanamaivanana ny [[tsongofoitra]] (fanaintainan' ny kibo) eo amin' ny ankizy. === Fiarovana araka ny finoana nentim-paharazana === Ny vihim-boan' ny tsirohoroka, izay atao hoe "voantsirohoroka" amin' ny teny malagasy, dia manana lanja ara-kolontsaina: tadiavina izy ireny hanaovana [[vakana]] izay heverina fa mitondra vintana tsara na manome fiarovana ("ody fiarovana amin-doza"). === Taozavatra === Mamoaka [[tsiraka]] avy amin' ny faritra maro samihafa ilay zavamaniry. Ny fonon-dravina mamorona ny vatan' ny tsirohoroka dia mamokatra tsiraka izay tsy dia matanjaka loatra nefa azo ampiasaina amin' ny fanamboarana [[tsihy]] sy [[harona]]. Mamokatra tsiraka tena tsara ihany koa ny sosona hodi-boan' ny ''Ensete perrieri'', izay ampiasaina indrindra hanaovana sivana hanivanana ny tavolo avy amn' ny zavamaniry. === Fikarohana === Ho an' ny vondrom-piarahamonina siantifika iraisam-pirenena, ny tena lanjan' ny ''Ensete perrieri'' dia ny firafitry ny fototarazony. Mandinika ity karazana zavamaniry ity ny manampahaizana momba ny zavamaniry sy ny fambolena satria mety hanana fototarazo afaka hanohitra ny [[aretin' i Panama]] ateraky ny holatra ''[[Fusarium oxysporum]]'' izy, nefa mbola mila fanaporofoana izany. Ity aretina ity dia efa nandripaka ny akondro "Gros Michel" tany aloha, ary ankehitriny dia loza mitatao mafy ho an' ny akondro "Cavendish", izay karazana akondro aondrana betsaka indrindra eran-tany. Noho izany, ny ''Ensete perrieri'' dia loharano tena ilaina amin' ny resaka fototarazo ho an' ny fikarohana momba ny fambolena. == Jereo koa == * ''[[Ensete]]'' * ''[[Musa]]'' * [[Ontsy]]: ''[[Musa × paradisiaca]]'' <small>L.</small> (← ''Musa sapientum'' <small>L.</small>); ''Ensete perrieri'' <small>(Claverie) Cheesman</small> (← ''Musa perrieri'' <small>Claverie</small>) (''[[Musaceae]]''); ''[[Ravinala|Ravenala madagascariensis]]'' <small>Sonn</small>. (''[[Strelitziaceae]]'') == Fanovozan-kevitra == * Cheesman, E. E. (1947, publié en 1948). "Classification of the Bananas. I. The genus ''Ensete'' Horan.". ''Kew Bulletin'', vol. 2, n° 2, p. 97–106. * Claverie, P. (1909). « Note sur un bananier nouveau de Madagascar ». ''Annales du Musée Colonial de Marseille'', série 2, vol. 7, p. 74. * GBIF Secretariat (2026). ''Ensete perrieri (Claverie) Cheesman'' . Fiche taxonomique GBIF. * Plants of the World Online (POWO). ''Ensete perrieri (Claverie) Cheesman''. Fiche descriptive de Kew Science. * Randrianarivony, T. N., Ramarosandratana, A. V., Andriamihajarivo, T. H., Rakotoarivony, F., Jeannoda, V. H., Randrianasolo, A., & Bussmann, R. W. (2017). "The most used medicinal plants by communities in Mahaboboka, Amboronabo, Mikoboka, Southwestern, Madagascar". ''Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine'', 13:19. DOI: 10.1186/s13002-017-0147-x. * Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (2018). ''The critically endangered Madagascar Banana''. === Rohy ivelany === * "[https://www.rarepalmseeds.com/ensete-perrieri Ensete perrieri  Madagascar Banana]", ''www.rarepalmseeds.com'' * Plants of the World Online – ''[https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584802-1 Ensete perrieri]'' * Plants of the World Online – ''[https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/584977-1 Musa perrieri]'' (synonyme) * IUCN Red List – ''[https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/98249345/98249347 Ensete perrieri]'' * Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew – [https://www.kew.org/read-and-watch/madagascan-banana The critically endangered Madagascar Banana] * World Flora Online – ''[https://www.worldfloraonline.org/taxon/wfo-0000407866 Ensete perrieri]'' * Malagasy Dictionary and Encyclopedia – "[https://malagasyword.org/bins/teny1/ontsy ontsy]" == Loharano == o8p79ths5i7iwr7q87g6pmryfn61opw 1152497 1152495 2026-10-24T15:58:05Z Thelezifor 15140 1152497 wikitext text/x-wiki Ny '''''Ensete perrieri''''' dia karazan-javamaniry mamony [[tokan-dravin-tsimoka]] ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Musaceae]]'', (fianakavian' ny [[Akondro (zavamaniry)|akondro]]). Io no hany karazana teratany amin' ny fianakaviana ''Musaceae'' eto [[Madagasikara]] sady tsy fahita afa-tsy ao amin' ny faritra andrefana sy afovoan-tany amin' ny Nosy. Amin' ny [[Fiteny malagasy|teny malagasy]] izy dia atao hoe '''antsirohoroka''', '''ontsy''', '''tsirohoroka'''<ref name=":6"><small>"[https://tenymalagasy.org/bins/teny2?w=musa Musa]", ''Diksionera sy Rakipahalalana malagasy''</small></ref> na '''tsiroroka'''<ref name=":4"><small>"[https://www.ethnopharmacologia.org/recherche-dans-prelude/?plant_id=6932 Ensete perrieri (Claverie) Cheesman]", ''www.ethnopharmacologia.org''</small></ref>. Atao hoe '''voantsirohoroka''' ny voany<ref name=":6" />'''.''' ''Ensete perrieri'' <small>(Claverie) Cheesman</small> no anarany ara-tsiansa feno ary nantsoina hoe '''''Musa perrieri''''' <small>Claverie</small> izy io teo aloha. Voasokajy ho karazana tandindomin-doza mafy izy io noho ny fandripahana ala sy ny [[Fiovan' ny toetany|fiovan']] [[Fiovan' ny toetany|ny toetany]]. Misy ny bôtanista mino fa mety ho loharano ara-pototarazon' ny fanoherana ny aretina mpahazo ny akondro, atao hoe [[aretin' i Panama]], ity karazana ity nefa mbola mila porofo izany; io aretina io no nandripaka ny akondro "Gros Michel" (anisan' ny ''[[Musa acuminata]]'') sady mandrahona ny akondro "Cavendish" (anisan' ny ''Musa acuminata'' ihany koa), izay karazana akondro tena lehibe eo amin' ny varotra iraisam-pirenena<ref name=":1"><small>"[https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-44712034 Yes! We have no bananas: Why the song may come true again]". ''BBC''. Helen Briggs. 5 July 2018. [https://web.archive.org/web/20241225021534/https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-44712034 Arsiva] tamin' ny 25/12/2024. Notsidihina tamin' ny 11/12/2024.</small></ref><ref name=":2"><small>Allen, Richard; Clarkson, James J; Ralimanana, Hélène (6 July 2018). "[https://www.kew.org/read-and-watch/madagascan-banana The critically endangered Madagascar Banana]". Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Arsiva tamin' ny 20/12/2024. Notsidihina tamin' ny 11/12/2024. "Only five mature individuals of E. perrieri have been previously identified in the whole of Madagascar, and a recent survey has suggested that now only three of these may be left (Analavelona, Ampefy and Maintirano areas)."</small></ref>. Mampiavaka azy ny fitomboany haingana sy ny toetrany mamoa indray mandeha monja ary ny voany feno vihim-boa sady tsy azo hanina<ref><small>"[https://motmalgache.org/bins/teny2/tsirohoroka#mg.n Tsirohoroka]", ''motmalgache.org''</small></ref>. == Taksônômia == Nisy santionany nangonin' ilay bôtanista frantsay antsoina hoe Pierre Claverie tao amin' ny faritr' i [[Betsiboka (ony)|Betsiboka]] tamin' ny taona 1905, ary voatahiry ao amin' ny tahirin-javamanirin' ny [[Muséum national d'histoire naturelle]] any [[Frantsa]] izany<ref><small>"[https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/4061008915 Occurrence Detail 4061008915]". ''[[Global Biodiversity Information Facility]]''. Notsidihina tamin' ny 15/12/2024.</small></ref>. Ny ontsy na tsirohoroka dia nahazo anarana avy amin' i Joseph Marie Henry Alfred Perrier de la Bâthie; tany am-boalohany dia tao amin' ny vondron-karazana ''[[Musa]]'' no nanasokajiana azy<ref><small>"[https://www.gbif.org/species/8412469 Musa perrieri Bonnier] {{Wayback|url=https://www.gbif.org/species/8412469 |date=20250217190646 }}". ''www.[[Global Biodiversity Information Facility|gbif]].org''. Notsihina tamin' ny 18/01/2025.</small></ref>, saingy novan' i Ernest Entwistle Cheesman ho ao amin' ny vondrona ''[[Ensete]]'' izany taty aoriana<ref><small>Cheesman, E. E. (1947). "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/4109206 Classification of the Bananas: The Genus Ensete Horan]". Kew Bulletin. 2 (2): 97–106. Bibcode:1947KewBu...2...97C. doi:10.2307/4109206. ISSN 0075-5974. JSTOR 4109206.</small></ref>. Havana akaikin' ny ''[[Ensete ventricosum]]'' ny ''Ensete perrieri''<ref name=":2" />. == Famariparitana == Zavamaniry manana endrika hazo nefa ahitra lehibe sahala amn' ny [[Akondro (zavamaniry)|akondro]] tena izy ny ''Ensete perrieri''<ref name=":3"><small>"[https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584802-1 Ensete perrieri (Claverie) Cheesman | Plants of the World Online | Kew Science]". ''[[Plants of the World Online]]''. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. [https://web.archive.org/web/20241215033839/https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584802-1 Arsiva] tamin' ny 15/12/2024. Notsidihina tamin' ny 19/12/2024.</small></ref>. Mitombo haongana izy. Mônôkarpika izy io, izany hoe mamony sy mamoa indray mandeha monja izy ary maty aorian' izay. Amin' ny ankapobeny izy dia maniry irery fa tsy misy solofony izy (tsy toy ny akondro mahazatra ao amin' ny vondron-karazana ''[[Musa]]''). === Ravina === Mahitsy sy miakatra ny ravina, ary ny vondron-dravina dia misaraka eo amin' ny tendrom-batany. Manopy mavo ny ravina sady misy tangozany fohy dia fohy, ka mamorona endrika matevina sy mirindra eo an-tendron' ny vatan' ilay zavamaniry. Mihintsana ny raviny rehetra mandritra ny vanim-potoana maina, ka ny vatany, izay fitambaran' ny fototry ny raviny, ihany no sisa mijanona<ref><small>Jolly, Alison; Oberlé, Philippe; Albignac, Roland (2016-01-22) [1984]. ''[https://books.google.mg/books?id=lR0lBQAAQBAJ&dq=Ensete+perrieri+-ventricosum&pg=PA27&redir_esc=y Key Environments: Madagascar]'' (1st ed.). Oxford: Pergamon Press, IUCN. p. 42. <nowiki>ISBN 978-1-4832-8595-5</nowiki>. OCLC 756437768. OL 39908881M – via ''Plants of the World Online''.</small></ref>. === Vatana sy fakany === Lehibe sady matanjaka ny vatan' ny ''Ensete perrieri'', ary manana endrika mahafinaritra miloko somary manga na maitso-manga. Tao amin' ny ''Ensete perrieri'' nodinihin' i Claverie dia manana haavo 5 ka hatramin' ny 6 m, ary manana vatany izay mibontsina eo amin' ny fotony izay lasa vodiny matevina manana hodidina 2,5 m (savaivo 80 sm). Voahodidin' ny fono ravina izay tsy mihintsana ny tahony ka mahatonga azy ho toy ny vatan-kazo lehibe mivelatra eo amin' ny fotony. Mirefy eo amin' ny 2 m eo ho eo ny hodidina (savaivo 64 sm) eo amin' ny fotony, 2,5 m (savaivo 80 sm) kosa rehefa miakatra kely (eo amin' ny haavo 50 sm), ary 0,7 m monja (savaivo 22,3 sm) rehefa manandrify ny ravina ambany<ref><small>[https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/161596#page/73/mode/1up Annales du Muśee colonial de Marseille]. Vol. ser.2:v.7. Aix-Marseille University Faculty of Sciences. 1909. pp. 74–86. OCLC 731007973.</small></ref>. Fotsy sy matevina ary miendrika varingarina ny fakany izay tsy misy solofony. === Vony sy brakte === Mipoitra avy eo afovoan' ny vondron-dravina ny tahon-bony. Alohan' ny hiondrehany, ilay taho mitondra ny vondrom-bony dia ahitana braktre (ravina fiarovana) roa lehibe sady mifanalavitra mitovitovy amin' ny ravin' akondro saingy kely ny fotony mamihina ny taho (ny ambany dia mirefy eo amin' ny 80 sm eo ho eo, ary ny ambony kosa 50 sm). Eo amin' ny farany ambany indrindra amin' ny vondrom-bony dia misy brakte telo tsy mamokatra, izay manana felany tena kely. Mirefy eo amin' ny 60 sm eo ho eo ny halavan 'ilay ambany indrindra, ary 35 sm ny sakany. Mivondrona ho sampaho mihantona ny vony, sady voaaron' ny brakte lehibe sy miloko. Ny vony vavy na ny vony sady lahy no vavy dia mamokatra voa toa akondro kely. === Voa === Mitovy amin' ny akondro kely ny von' ny ''Ensete perrieri'' izay mivondrona ho lafitra (andiany), izay voalaza fa mangidy tsy heverina ho fihinana. Tsy toy ny voan' akondro mahazatra ny voany izay maina sy ahitana vihim-boa maro be sy lehibe ary mafy sady miloko volontany. Mivoha amin' ny alalan' ny fivakisany telo manaraka ny andavany ka ahafahana mahita ny vihim-boany izay atao hoe "voantsirohoroka" amin' ny teny malagasy. == Toerana sy faritra aniriana == Teratany any amin' ny ala trôpikaly misy fizaran-taona maina ao amin' ny faritra andrefana amin' i [[Madagasikara]] ny ''Ensete perrieri''<ref name=":3" />. Na izany aza, ny angona ara-tantara sy ny lisitry ny fanisana dia mampiseho fiparitahana mihoatra noho ny faritra amorontsiraka andrefana. Mahay miatrika vanim-potoana lava tsy misy orana io karazana io; mandritra izany fotoana izany dia matetika no manary ny sasany amin' ny raviny izy mba ho velona amin' ny alalan' ny tahirin' otrikaina voangony ao amin' ny fotony. === Faritra nahitana azy tamin' ny lasa === Ny fanondroana ny santionany fototra navoakan' i Väre & Häkkinen (2011) dia manonona an' [[Ambongo]] ho nahitana an' izany santionany izany<ref name=":5"><small>Väre & Häkkinen (2011), "[https://sciencepress.mnhn.fr/sites/default/files/articles/pdf/a2011n2a3.pdf? Typification and check-list of Ensete Horan. names (Musaceae) with nomenclatural notes]", ''Adansonia''</small></ref>. Ny loharanom-baovao ara-tantara mifandraika amin' ny famariparitana ny ''Musa perrieri'' dia manonona ihany koa an' [[Ankaladina]] sy ny [[Lembalemban' Ankara]] ary i [[Tampoketsa]] eo akaikin' ny renirano [[Mahavavy]]<ref name=":5" />. === Faritra ahitana azy ankehitriny === Tamin' ny taona 2018 dia noheverin' ny bôtanista ao amin' ny [[Kew Gardens]] fa telo monja tamin' ny dimy efa lehibe fantatra no sisa amin' ity karazana ity tao amin' ny faritr' [[Analavelona]] sy [[Ampefy]] ary [[Maintirano]], na dia nisy zanany hita ihany koa<ref name=":1" />. Tsy isany manerana an' i Madagasikara manontolo anefa izany<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" />. Milaza ny Kew fa hita tao amin' ny [[Tahirin-javaboarin' ny Tsingin' i Bemaraha]] ([[Faritra Melaky]]) ny ''Ensete perrieri''<ref name=":2" />. Ny lisitry ny zavamaniry hita ao amin' ny faritra [[Beanka]] (Faritra Melaky) dia manondro mazava tsara ny ''Ensete perrieri'' ho anisan' ny zavamaniry manana lalan-dranon-kazo (''Tracheophyta'') hita tao amin' io faritra andrefana io<ref><small>"[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/319159733_Inventaire_des_plantes_vasculaires_de_la_region_de_Beanka_Region_Melaky_Ouest_de_Madagascar Inventaire des plantes vasculaires de la région de Beanka, Région Melaky, Ouest de Madagascar.]", ''www.researchgate.net''</small></ref>. I [[Maintirano]] dia anisan' ny faritra telo izay nanamarihan' ny Kew fa mety mbola ahitana zavamaniry efa lehibe, araka ny fanadihadiana notaterina tamin' ny taona 2018<ref name=":2" />. Toerana manan-danja iray hafa koa ny [[Tangorom-tendombohitra Analavelona]] sy ny [[Alan' Analavelona|ala]] [[Alan' Analavelona|ao aminy]] (ao amin' ny [[Faritra Atsimo-Andrefana]]) izay anisan' ny faritra telo nahitana, na heverina fa mety hahitana, ny santionany efa lehibe farany sisa tavela amin' ny ''Ensete perrieri'' nandritra ny fanadihadiana nataony<ref name=":2" />. Misy lahatsoratra iray momba ny famerenana amin' ny laoniny ny tontolo iainana eto Madagasikara izay manamafy ihany koa ny fisian' io zavamaniry io ao amin' ny Alan' Analavelona<ref><small>"[https://mbgecologicalrestoration.wordpress.com/2023/05/24/valorising-malagasy-protected-areas-as-seed-sources-for-forest-restoration/ Valorising Malagasy protected areas as seed sources for forest restoration]", ''mbgecologicalrestoration.wordpress.com'' (Missouri Botanical Garden)</small></ref>. Nanonona an' [[Ampefy]] ([[Faritra Itasy]]) ho anisan' ny faritra telo ahitana ny ''Ensete perrieri'' efa lehibe farany fantatra fa mbola velona araka ilay fanadihadiana navoaka tamin' ny taona 2018 ny Kew<ref><small>"[https://www.kew.org/read-and-watch/madagascan-banana? The critically endangered Madagascar Banana]", ''www.kew.org''</small></ref>. Mampiseho izany fa tsy azo ferana amin' ny faritry ny morontsiraka andrefana fotsiny ny fiparitahan' io karazana io tany aloha. === Faritra mbola mila fanamarinana === Anisan' ny zavamaniry fanafody voarakitra ao amin' ny faritra nanaovana fanadihadiana tao amin' ny kaominina [[Mahaboboka]] sy [[Amboronabo]] ary [[Mikoboka]] (Faritra Atsimo-Andrefana) ny karazana iray nomena anarana hoe ''Ensete aff. perrieri'', izany hoe zavamaniry tena mitovy amin' ny ''Ensete perrieri'' fa tsy tena fantatra na izy na tsy izy<ref name=":4" />. == Fampiasana == Tena voafetra ny fampiasana ny ''Ensete perrieri'' eo amin' ny lafiny sakafo sy varotra; izany no mampiavaka azy tanteraka amin' ny akondro mahazatra ao amin' ny vodron-karazana ''[[Musa]]'', na ilay karazana mitovitovy aminy any Etiôpia (''[[Ensete ventricosum]]''). Noho ny vihim-boany lehibe dia tsy dia mahafinaritra ny mihinana ny voany<ref name=":1" />. Na izany aza dia misy ihany ny fampiasana azy io. Tsy tokony hafangaro amin' ny [[ambihy]], izay akondrodia, karazana ''[[Musa acuminata]]'', any amin' ny morontsiraka avaratra-atsinanana amin' i [[Madagasikara]] ny ''Ensete perrieri''. Na dia ahitana vihim-boa maro aza dia ao amin' ny vondron-karazana ''Musa'' no misy ny ambihy, ka tsy mitovy amin' ny tsirohoroka izany. === Fitsaboana nentim-paharazana === Araka ny angon-drakitra ''Prélude'' momba ny fitsaboana nentim-paharazana afrikanina, ny fanadihadiana natao teo anivon' ny mponina any atsimo-andrefana amin' i [[Madagasikara]] (indrindra fa tao [[Mahaboboka]]) dia mitatitra fampiasana azy. Potehina ho vovoka ny voan' ny ''Ensete perrieri'' dia afangaro amin' ny rano io vovoka io avy eo ary apetaka manodidina ny maso mba hitsaboana ny aretin' ny hodi-maso sy aretina hafa mahazo ny maso. Any amin' ny faritra atsimo-andrefana amin' i Madagasikara, fanao nentim-paharazana ny mitoto ny tahony ho vovoka mba hitsaboana ny fanaintainan' ny kibo<ref><small>Randrianarivony, Tabita N.; et al. (2016-12-23). "[https://www.ajol.info/index.php/mcd/article/view/149654 Value of useful goods and ecosystem services from Agnalavelo sacred forest and their relationships with forest conservation]". ''Madagascar Conservation & Development''. 11 (2): 47. doi:10.4314/mcd.v11i2.1. ISSN 1662-2510.</small></ref>. Atao tambavy hosotroina ny ravin' ilay zavamaniry mba hanamaivanana ny [[tsongofoitra]] (fanaintainan' ny kibo) eo amin' ny ankizy. === Fiarovana araka ny finoana nentim-paharazana === Ny vihim-boan' ny tsirohoroka, izay atao hoe "voantsirohoroka" amin' ny teny malagasy, dia manana lanja ara-kolontsaina: tadiavina izy ireny hanaovana [[vakana]] izay heverina fa mitondra vintana tsara na manome fiarovana ("ody fiarovana amin-doza"). === Taozavatra === Mamoaka [[tsiraka]] avy amin' ny faritra maro samihafa ilay zavamaniry. Ny fonon-dravina mamorona ny vatan' ny tsirohoroka dia mamokatra tsiraka izay tsy dia matanjaka loatra nefa azo ampiasaina amin' ny fanamboarana [[tsihy]] sy [[harona]]. Mamokatra tsiraka tena tsara ihany koa ny sosona hodi-boan' ny ''Ensete perrieri'', izay ampiasaina indrindra hanaovana sivana hanivanana ny tavolo avy amn' ny zavamaniry. === Fikarohana === Ho an' ny vondrom-piarahamonina siantifika iraisam-pirenena, ny tena lanjan' ny ''Ensete perrieri'' dia ny firafitry ny fototarazony. Mandinika ity karazana zavamaniry ity ny manampahaizana momba ny zavamaniry sy ny fambolena satria mety hanana fototarazo afaka hanohitra ny [[aretin' i Panama]] ateraky ny holatra ''[[Fusarium oxysporum]]'' izy, nefa mbola mila fanaporofoana izany. Ity aretina ity dia efa nandripaka ny akondro "Gros Michel" tany aloha, ary ankehitriny dia loza mitatao mafy ho an' ny akondro "Cavendish", izay karazana akondro aondrana betsaka indrindra eran-tany. Noho izany, ny ''Ensete perrieri'' dia loharano tena ilaina amin' ny resaka fototarazo ho an' ny fikarohana momba ny fambolena. == Jereo koa == * ''[[Ensete]]'' * ''[[Musa]]'' * [[Zavamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara]] * [[Ontsy]]: ''[[Musa × paradisiaca]]'' <small>L.</small> (← ''Musa sapientum'' <small>L.</small>); ''Ensete perrieri'' <small>(Claverie) Cheesman</small> (← ''Musa perrieri'' <small>Claverie</small>) (''[[Musaceae]]''); ''[[Ravinala|Ravenala madagascariensis]]'' <small>Sonn</small>. (''[[Strelitziaceae]]'') == Fanovozan-kevitra == * Cheesman, E. E. (1947, publié en 1948). "Classification of the Bananas. I. The genus ''Ensete'' Horan.". ''Kew Bulletin'', vol. 2, n° 2, p. 97–106. * Claverie, P. (1909). « Note sur un bananier nouveau de Madagascar ». ''Annales du Musée Colonial de Marseille'', série 2, vol. 7, p. 74. * GBIF Secretariat (2026). ''Ensete perrieri (Claverie) Cheesman'' . Fiche taxonomique GBIF. * Plants of the World Online (POWO). ''Ensete perrieri (Claverie) Cheesman''. Fiche descriptive de Kew Science. * Randrianarivony, T. N., Ramarosandratana, A. V., Andriamihajarivo, T. H., Rakotoarivony, F., Jeannoda, V. H., Randrianasolo, A., & Bussmann, R. W. (2017). "The most used medicinal plants by communities in Mahaboboka, Amboronabo, Mikoboka, Southwestern, Madagascar". ''Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine'', 13:19. DOI: 10.1186/s13002-017-0147-x. * Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (2018). ''The critically endangered Madagascar Banana''. === Rohy ivelany === * "[https://www.rarepalmseeds.com/ensete-perrieri Ensete perrieri  Madagascar Banana]", ''www.rarepalmseeds.com'' * Plants of the World Online – ''[https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584802-1 Ensete perrieri]'' * Plants of the World Online – ''[https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/584977-1 Musa perrieri]'' (synonyme) * IUCN Red List – ''[https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/98249345/98249347 Ensete perrieri]'' * Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew – [https://www.kew.org/read-and-watch/madagascan-banana The critically endangered Madagascar Banana] * World Flora Online – ''[https://www.worldfloraonline.org/taxon/wfo-0000407866 Ensete perrieri]'' * Malagasy Dictionary and Encyclopedia – "[https://malagasyword.org/bins/teny1/ontsy ontsy]" == Loharano == lw3mi4r5pxe21v4ep39cbw79g3pus4k 0 302287 1152498 1152468 2026-10-24T16:15:04Z Thelezifor 15140 Nandamina lahatsoratra 1152498 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:Camphora_officinarum_in_Palm_House_Schoenbrunn_(3).jpg|vignette|355x355px|Ravintsara (''[[Camphora officinarum]]'')]] Inty ny '''lisitry ny''' '''karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara''', arakarahin' ny anarana ahafantarana azy amin' ny [[Fiteny malagasy|teny malagasy]]. Marihina fa misy ny anarana iray amin' ny teny malagasy izay mety hanondro karazan-javamaniry roa na mihoatra. Amin' ireo anarana ara-tsiansa ireo dia misy ny efa nosoloana vokatry ny fikarohana taty aoriana nataon' ny manampahaizana. Ampahany amin' ny karazan-javamaniry misy eto amin' ny [[Madagasikara|Nosy]], ny [[zavamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara]], izay misy karazana miisa 3&#x20;245, a ny 60&#x20;% amin' izy ireo dia tsy hita raha tsy eto<ref><small>"[https://ethnobotanyjournal.org/index.php/era/article/view/1591#:~:text=Results:%20The%20medicinal%20plants%20inventoried,most%20morbid%20ones%20in%20Madagascar. Synthesis and analysis of data on inventories of medicinal plants in Madagascar]", ''ethnobotanyjournal.org''</small></ref><ref><small>Andrianavalonirina A.M. et al, "Etude ethnobotanique des plantes médicinales du district d’Antanifotsy, région de Vakinankaratra au Madagascar", ''RAMReS-PMTA'', 2023.</small></ref>. Anisan' ny [[zavamaniry fanao fanafody]] fantatra indrindra ny vonenina na tonga (''[[Catharanthus roseus]]''), ny vahona (''[[Aloe macroclada]]'' sy ''[[Aloe vera]]'' indrindraindrindra), ny ravintsara (''[[Camphora officinarum]]'' na ''[[Camphora officinarum|Cinnamomum camphora]]''), ny mandravasarotra (''[[Cinnamosma fragrans]]''), ny kininindrano na niaoly (''[[Melaleuca quinquenervia]]''), ny havozo (''[[Cryptocarya agathophylla]]'' na ''Ravensara aromatica''), ny katrafay (''[[Cedrelopsis grevei]]''), ary ny talapetraka (''[[Centella asiatica]]''). == A == [[Sary:Amaranthus_spinosus_kz01.jpg|vignette|311x311px|Anampantsy, tsirapahy (''[[Amaranthus spinosus]]'')]] '''[[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#A|A]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#B|B]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#C|C]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#D|D]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#E|E]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#F|F]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#G|G]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#H|H]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#I|I]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#J|J]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#K|K]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#L|L]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#M|M]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#N|N]]- [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#O|O]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#P|P]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Q|Q]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#R|R]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#S|S]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#T|T]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#U|U]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#V|V]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#W|W]]- [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#X|X]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Y|Y]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Z|Z]]''' * ''[[Abelmoschus esculentus]] --'' gombo, tambazotse, tsirandranjaza * ''[[Abrus precatorius]]'' <small>Linné</small> (mila fitandremana fa mety manapoizina ny voany) ''--'' kelimiefitra, masokoaky, masonamboangara, masonamboatora, masonombilahy, vahemboamena, <u>vahimboamena</u>, voamahatorana, voamaintilany, voamaintorana, voamantorana, voamasotrandraka, voamatorana, voamboanamainty, voamboanamena, voamena (jm) (rm) * ''[[Abutilon greveanum]]'' -- lahiriky (jm) * ''[[Abutilon indicum]]'' ''--'' lahiriky * ''[[Acacia decurrens]]''. -- akasia, halamborona, mimosa, mimôzà * ''[[Acalypha filiformis]]'' <small>Poir</small> (← ''Acalypha reticulata'' <small>Poiret</small>) (Fanavy / Tsimbaleotra) -- bemangitra, marompototra, <u>tsimbaleotra</u>, vahizato (rm) * ''[[Acalypha indica]]'' <small>L.</small> (karazana nampidirina) * ''[[Acalypha radula]]'' <small>Baker</small> (Tsiety) (rm) * ''[[Acalypha]] sp.'' (Vahindranavavy II) (''[[Acalypha fasciculata]]'' ?) (rm) * ''[[Acanthopale madagascariensis]]'' * ''[[Acanthospermum hispidum]]'' <small>D.C</small> (Bakakely) -- bakakely, fatika (rm) * ''[[Acanthus montanus]]'' * ''[[Achyranthes aspera]]'' (← ''Achyranthes argentea, Achyranthes indica, Achyranthes obtusifolia'') -- fandrangojaza, tsipolitra, tsipolomanitra, tsiporomanitra, tsipotamena, tsipotemena, vatofosa, vatomposa * ''[[Acmella oleracea]]'' -- ahimafana, anamafana, anamalaho, anamalao, felimafana,  kimalaho, kimalaholahy, kimalao, kimotodoha, mangovitra, menavony, sarinanamalao. * ''[[Acridocarpus excelsus]]'' -- kimanga * ''[[Adansonia]] sp.'' (Za) * ''[[Adansonia digitata]] --'' baobaba, baobaza, baovola, bontona, boringy, fontana, rainiala, ringy, sefo, vonoa, vontana na vontona. * ''[[Adansonia grandidieri]]'' -- renala, reniala, renibeala na vonoa. * ''[[Adenanthera pavonina]] --'' volantsaramanga * ''[[Adenia boinensis]]'' <small>--</small> vahiranga * ''[[Adenia gummifera]]'' * ''[[Adenium obesum]]'' * ''[[Adiantum caudatum]]'' * ''[[Adiantum philippense]]'' * ''[[Aeschynomene brevifolia]]'' <small>Poiret.</small> (Sindahonimbohitra). (rm) * ''[[Aeschynomene uniflora]]'' <small>E. Meyer.</small> (Sindahorindrano). (rm) * ''[[Lingoza|Aframomum angustifolium]]'' <small>K. Schum.</small> -- longoza (rm) * [[Aframomum melegueta|A''framomum melegueta'']] * ''[[Afzelia bijuga]]'' * ''[[Agauria salicifolia]]'' <small>Hook</small> (Angavodiana) (rm) * [[Agauria plpyphylla|''Agauria'' ''plpyphylla'']] <small>Hook</small> (Angavodiana) (rm) * ''[[Agave sisalana]]'' -- lafa, laloase, laloasy, taretra, taretsy * ''[[Agelaea pentagyna]]'' <small>(Lamk) Baillon</small> (Vahy mainty) (rm) * ''[[Ageratum conyzoides]]'' <small>Linné</small> -- ahimaimbo, ahimembo, alonimpantsaka, anajazavavy, andranompatsaka, bemaimbo, fotsivony, <u>hanitrimpantsaka</u>, hanitrombalahy, timimbo, tinimbo, tsiafakanakandriana, tsiafakanandriana, tsifariparimaso (rm) * ''[[Aidia densiflora]]'' * ''[[Aidia micrantha]]'' * ''[[Alangium salviifolium]]'' * ''[[Albizia adianthifolia]] --'' sambala, volomboroña * ''[[Albizia aurisparsa]]'' <small>Drake</small>. (Masinanio) (rm) * ''[[Albizia lebbeck]]'' -- alibizara, benoara, boanoara, bonara, bonoara * ''[[Albizia fastigiata]]'' <small>Oliver</small>. -- halamboro, hazomborona, <u>sambalahy</u>, sambilahy, valomborona, volomboroña (rm) * ''[[Albuca humilis]]'' * ''[[Alchemilla cryptantha]]'' <small>Steudel.</small> (Mahatanandofotsy I) (rm) * ''[[Aleurites moluccanus]]'' -- mofotra, savoga, savokara, tanantanana ary tanatanana * ''[[Allamanda cathartica]]'' * ''[[Allium cepa]]'' * ''[[Tongologasy|Allium sativum]]'' ''--'' tongologasy, tongolay, tongolonkova * ''[[Allophylus africanus]]'' * ''[[Allophylus trichodesmus]]'' <small>Radlkofer</small>. (Sanatrinamboa) (rm) * ''[[Aloe capitata]]'' <small>Baker</small> ** ''Aloe capitata'' var. ''cipolicola'' <small>H. Perr.</small> (Vahon'olona) (rm) * ''[[Aloe divaricata]]'' -- vahonandrano * ''[[Aloe macroclada]]'' <small>Baker</small>. -- kisaondra, lahimbahona, vahombe, <u>vahona</u>, vahonavahona * ''[[Aloe vaombe]]'' -- vahombe, vahombey * ''[[Alovera|Aloe vera]]'' -- vahona * ''[[Alphonsea madagascariensis]]'' * ''[[Alpinia galanga]]'' * ''[[Alpinia zerumbet]]'' * ''[[Alstonia boonei]]'' * ''[[Alternanthera pungens]]'' * ''[[Alternanthera sessilis]]'' * ''[[Alysicarpus bupleurifolius]]'' <small>ADC.</small> -- fokolahy (rm) * ''[[Alysicarpus nummularifolius]]'' <small>ADC.</small> -- mangorodefona, vavonikena (rm) * ''[[Alysicarpus ovalifolius]]'' * ''[[Alysicarpus rugosus]]'' -- sarivary (jm) * ''Alysicarpus'' sp. -- fokovavy (rm) * ''Alysicarpus'' sp. -- tokambody (rm) * ''[[Alysicarpus vaginalis]]'' * ''[[Amanita tainaomby]]'' <small>R. Heim</small> -- olatainomby (rm) * ''[[Amaranthus dubius]]'' <small>Martius</small> -- kiatondrambohira (rm) * ''[[Amaranthus hybridus]]'' <small>Linné</small> -- anamena (rm) * ''[[Amaranthus spinosus]] --'' anampantsa, anampatsimondry, anampantsy, anampatsa, añampatsy, anapatrika, anapatsalahy, dasy, fatikao, felipatika, kimoaelahy, kimoaevavy, kimoelahy, sabotraboay, tsirapahe, tsirapahy * ''[[Amaranthus viridis]]'' * ''[[Ambavia gerrardii]]'' * ''[[Ambrosia artemisiifolia]]'' * ''[[Ambrosia maritima]]'' <small>DC (Damsissa)</small> * ''[[Ammi majus]]'' * ''[[Ammi visnaga]]'' * ''[[Amygadalus persica]]'' <small>Linné.</small> -- paiso (rm) * ''[[Anacardium occidentale]] --'' abiba, abibo, habiba, koroso, mabiba, mahabiba, mahabibo, tabiba, voambarika * ''[[Anacolosa pervilleana]]'' * ''[[Anagallis tenuicaulis]]'' <small>Baker.</small> -- tsangamanitramparihy (rm) * ''[[Mananasy|Ananas comosus]]'' <small>Merrill</small> -- fandra, <u>mananasy</u>, satra. * ''[[Andrographis paniculata]]'' * ''[[Andropogon gayanus]]'' * ''[[Andropogon schoenanthus]]'' <small>Linné</small> -- veromanitra (rm) * ''[[Androya decaryi]]'' * ''[[Angraecum sesquipedale]]'' * ''[[Angraecum]]'' sp. -- valily vavy (rm) * ''[[Anisopappus chinensis]]'' * ''[[Anisotes madagascariensis]]'' * ''[[Annona muricata]]'' * ''[[Annona squamosa]]'' * ''[[Anthemis nobilis]]'' <small>Linné</small> -- camomille (rm) * ''[[Antherotoma naudini]]'' <small>Hooker fils.</small> -- kimamimamitamabina (rm) * ''[[Anthocleista rhizophoroides]]'' <small>Baker</small>. -- ndanidemy (rm) * ''[[Anthospermum antsirabense]]'' <small>A.M. Homolle.</small> -- ahipoza (rm) * ''[[Anthospermum eminense]]'' <small>Baker.</small> -- alamiainga (rm) * ''[[Antidesma madagascariense]]'' -- baronala, taindalitra, varana, varona * ''[[Antidesma petiolare]]'' <small>Tulas.</small> -- voavony (rm) * ''[[Aphloia theiformis]]'' <small>Bennet</small> ''--'' <u>voafotsy</u>, fandramanana, hazondrano, kirandrambahivary, kirandrambehivavy, kirandrambiavy, maramanana, miaramanana, ravimboafotsy * ''[[Apodytes dimidiata]]'' * ''[[Aponogeton madagascariensis]]'' * ''[[Arachis hypogaea]]'' <small>Linné</small>. -- voanjo (rm) * ''[[Ardisia fuscopilosa]]'' <small>Baker</small>. -- hazotohobavy (rm) * ''[[Argemone mexicana]]'' -- fantsimboay, betakoa * ''[[Aristolochia acuminata]]'' <small>Lamarck</small> (Sovy) * ''[[Aristolochia albida]]'' -- arova, fonetoangana, horovy, kita, rovy, sovy, titongana, titonganalika, totonga, tovimpatrana, voatotongana (jm) * ''[[Aristolochia petersiana]]'' * ''[[Artabotrys hexapetalus]]'' * ''[[Artemisia afra]]'' * ''[[Artemisia annua]]'' -- * ''[[Artemisia vulgaris]]'' * ''[[Artocarpus heterophyllus]]'' -- ampalibe * ''[[Asclepia curassavica]]'' <small>Linné</small> (Fanoromena II) (rm) * ''[[Asparagus africanus]]'' * ''[[Asparagus simulans]]'' <small>Baker.</small> (Ahitsifantatra) (rm) * ''[[Asparagus vaginellatus]]'' <small>Bojer.</small> (Roimboalavo) (rm) * ''[[Aspilia africana]]'' * ''[[Aspilia bojeri]]'' <small>DC</small> (Ampalimbohitra) (rm) * ''[[Asplenium]]'' (sensu stricto) (Tsipalo) (rm) * ''[[Aster bakerianus]]'' * ''[[Aster perrieri]]'' * ''[[Asystasia gangetica]]'' * ''[[Athania brownii]]'' <small>Hochr</small> (Ramiary II, Ramizengy) (rm) * ''[[Athrixia debilis]]'' <small>DC</small> (Anjavidy lahy) (rm) * ''[[Athyrium filix-femina]]'' * ''[[Averrhoa carambola]]'' * ''[[Avicennia marina]] -''- afiafy, hafiafy, harongampanihy, honko, honkofotsy, honkolahy, mantsintay, mosotro (jm) * ''[[Nimo|Azadirachta indica]]'' -- nimo * ''[[Azima tetracantha]]'' -- fantsikandilany, filofilo, goramaky, goranaky, tsingilofilo '''Antokon-javamaniry voakasika''': ''[[Abelmoschus]] - [[Abrus]] - [[Abutilon]] - [[Acacia]] - [[Acalypha]] - [[Acanthopale]] - [[Acanthospermum]] - [[Acanthus]] - [[Achyranthes]] - [[Acmella]] - [[Acridocarpus]] - [[Adansonia]] - [[Adenanthera]] - [[Adenia]] - [[Adenium]] - [[Adiantum]] - [[Adina (antokon-javamaniry)|Adina]] - [[Aerva]] - [[Aeschynomene]] - [[Aframomum]] - [[Afzelia]] - [[Agauria]] - [[Agave]] - [[Agelaea]] - [[Ageratum]] - [[Aidia]] - [[Alangium]] - [[Albizia]] - [[Albuca]] - [[Alchemilla]] - [[Aleurites]] - [[Allamanda]] - [[Allium]] - [[Allophylus]] - [[Aloe]] - [[Alphonsea]] - [[Alpinia]] - [[Alstonia]] - [[Alternanthera]] - [[Alysicarpus]] - [[Amanita]] - [[Amaranthus]] - [[Ambavia]] - [[Ambrosia]] - [[Ammi]] - [[Amygadalus]] - [[Anacardium]] - [[Anacolosa]] - [[Anagallis]] - [[Ananas]] - [[Andrographis]] - [[Andropogon]] - [[Androya]] - [[Angraecum]] - [[Anisopappus]] - [[Anisotes]] - [[Annona]] - [[Anthemis]] - [[Antherotoma]] - [[Anthocleista]] - [[Anthospermum]] - [[Antidesma]] - [[Aphloia]] - [[Apodytes]] - [[Aponogeton]] - [[Arachis]] - [[Ardisia]] - [[Argemone]] - [[Aristolochia]] - [[Artabotrys]] - [[Artemisia]] - [[Artocarpus]] - [[Asclepia]] - [[Asparagus]] - [[Aspilia]] - [[Asplenium]] - [[Aster]] - [[Asystasia]] - [[Athania]] - [[Athrixia]] - [[Athyrium]] - [[Averrhoa]] - [[Avicennia]] - [[Azadirachta]] - [[Azima]]'' == B == [[Sary:Brugmansia_arborea_11.jpg|vignette|310x310px|Felandakolosy (''[[Brugmansia arborea]]'')]] '''[[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#A|A]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#B|B]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#C|C]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#D|D]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#E|E]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#F|F]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#G|G]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#H|H]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#I|I]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#J|J]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#K|K]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#L|L]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#M|M]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#N|N]]- [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#O|O]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#P|P]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Q|Q]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#R|R]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#S|S]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#T|T]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#U|U]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#V|V]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#W|W]]- [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#X|X]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Y|Y]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Z|Z]]''' * ''[[Bacopa monnieri]]'' * [[Bakerella clavata|''Bakerella clavata'' subsp. ''baronii''.]] (← ''Bakerella baronii'' <small>Baker.</small>) -- ranotambina, tongovelona, velofify, velomiato, velomihanto, velomihato (Tongoalahy) (rm) * ''[[Balanites madagascariensis]]'' * ''[[Bambusa madagascariensis]]'' * ''[[Bambusa vulgaris]]'' * ''[[Baphia madagascariensis]]'' * ''[[Barleria lupulina]]'' (← ''Barleria norbertii'') -- laingodroy * [[Barleria prionitis|''Barleria prionitis'' subsp. ''madagascariensis'']] <small>Benoist</small> (← ''[[Barleria madagascariensis]]'') -- rointsokina, roitsokena, roitsokina * ''[[Barleria prionitis]]'' <small>L.</small> (Rointsokina II) (rm) * ''[[Barringtonia asiatica]]'' <small>(L.) Kurz</small> (← ''Barringtonia butonica'') -- fosatra, fotabe, fotadrano, fotatra, fotibe, fotobe, fototra * ''[[Barringtonia racemosa]]'' -- mahondro, manondro * ''[[Basella alba]]'' * ''[[Baudouinia fluggeiformis]]'' * ''[[Baudouinia rouxevillei]]'' * ''[[Bauhinia grandidieri]]'' * ''[[Bauhinia hildebrandtii]]'' * ''[[Bauhinia madagascariensis]]'' * ''[[Bauhinia monandra]]'' * ''[[Bauhinia purpurea]]'' * ''[[Bauhinia variegata]]'' * ''[[Begonia lyallii]]'' * ''[[Begonia madagascariensis]]'' * ''[[Bertiera madagascariensis]]'' * ''[[Bertiera pervilleana]]'' * ''[[Bidens pilosa]]'' <small>Linné</small> (Tsipolitra) (rm) * ''[[Biophytum sensitivum]]'' <small>(Linné) DC.</small> (Kifohafoha) (rm) * ''[[Bixa orellana]]'' * ''[[Blechnum tabulare]]'' <small>Thunberg Kuhn</small> (Tsipahonamalona) (rm) * ''[[Blepharis bojeriana]]'' * ''[[Blumea balsamifera]]'' * ''[[Blumea lacera]]'' * ''[[Blumea madagascariensis]]'' * ''[[Blumea mollis]]'' * ''[[Boerhavia coccinea]]'' * ''[[Boerhavia diffusa]]'' * ''[[Boerhavia repens]]'' * ''[[Bolbitis madagascariensis]]'' * ''[[Bonamia madagascariensis]]'' * ''[[Borassus madagascariensis]]'' * ''[[Borreria verticillata]]'' * ''[[Boscia madagascariensis]]'' * ''[[Boswellia madagascariensis]]'' * ''[[Brachylaena merana]]'' * ''[[Brachylaena microphylla]]'' <small>Humbert</small> (Peha) (rm) * ''[[Brachylaena ramiflora]]'' <small>(DC) H. Humbert</small> ''--'' <u>hazotokana</u>, kisaka, mananitra, mananotra, mananotsa, sotromorona * ''[[Breonadia salicina]]'' (← ''Adina microcephala'') * ''[[Brewiera]] sp.'' (Ovinandrongo) (rm) * ''[[Brexia madagascariensis]]'' * ''[[Brexia pluriflora]]'' * ''[[Bridelia madagascariensis]]'' * ''[[Bridelia micrantha]]'' * ''[[Bridelia pervilleana]]'' * ''[[Bridelia tulasneana]]'' * ''[[Brillantaisia madagascariensis]]'' * ''[[Brochoneura voury]]'' <small>Warburg.</small> (Raraha) (rm) * ''[[Brugmansia arborea]]'' -- datiroa, felandakolosy * ''[[Buchnera hispida]]'' <small>Hamilt</small>. (Tamborokijoa) (rm) * ''[[Buchnera madagascariensis]]'' * ''[[Buddleja axillaris]]'' <small>Willd ex Roemer et Schultes.</small> -- fanotrokotro, longolongo, remandrevoka, remiandrivohoka, seva, sevafotsy, sevagasy, sevalahy (Seva Fotsy) (rm) * ''[[Buddleja fusca]]'' <small>Baker.</small> -- langalongo, longolongo, sefa, sevalahy (Seva Lahy) (rm) * ''[[Buddleja indica]] -''- randronakoho * ''[[Buddleja madagascariensis]]'' -- ramandravaka, seva, sevafotsy, sevalahy, toaka seva * ''[[Bulbophyllum madagascariense]]'' * ''[[Bulbostylis madagascariensis]]'' * ''[[Burasaia gracilis]]'' <small>Decaisne.</small> (Kotolahy) (rm) * ''[[Burasaia madagascariensis]]'' <small>Duperit Thouars.</small> -- ambarakasa, ambarasaha, ambarasaka, ambora, amboramanitra, amborasaha, amborasahamaitso, amborasahy, amborasaka, amboravaky, borasaha, faritatsy, faritsaty, hazondahy, odiandro, oditohina, alakamisy, vodihazo (rm) * ''[[Burmannia madagascariensis]]'' * ''[[Bursera madagascariensis]]'' * ''[[Buxus madagascariensis]]'' * ''[[Byttneria madagascariensis]]'' * ''[[Byttneria melleri]]'' <small>Baker var. triloba J. Ar.</small> (Fanary) (rm) * ''[[Byttneria pervillei]]'' '''Antokon-javamaniry voakasika''': ''[[Bacopa]] - [[Bakerella]] - [[Balanites]] - [[Bambusa]] - [[Baphia]] - [[Barleria]] - [[Barringtonia]] - [[Basella]] - [[Baudouinia]] - [[Bauhinia]] - [[Begonia]] - [[Bertiera]] - [[Bidens]] - [[Biophytum]] - [[Bixa]] - [[Blechnum]] - [[Blepharis]] - [[Blumea]] - [[Boerhavia]] - [[Bolbitis]] - [[Bonamia]] - [[Borassus]] - [[Borreria]] - [[Boscia]] - [[Boswellia]] - [[Brachylaena]] - [[Breonadia]] - [[Brewiera]] - [[Brexia]] - [[Bridelia]] - [[Brillantaisia]] - [[Brochoneura]] - [[Brugmansia]] - [[Bryophyllum]] - [[Buchnera]] - [[Buddleja]] - [[Bulbophyllum]] - [[Bulbostylis]] - [[Burasaia]] - [[Burmannia]] - [[Bursera]] - [[Buxus]] - [[Byttneria]]'' == C == [[Sary:Katra_de_oranjia_01.jpg|vignette|209x209px|Fananomahery, katra, tsiafakomby, vatolalaka (''[[Caesalpinia bonduc]]'')]] [[Sary:Starr-120522-6135-Combretum_coccineum-flowers-Iao_Tropical_Gardens_of_Maui-Maui_(25116873056).jpg|vignette|208x208px|Halaitra, tamenaka (''[[Combretum coccineum]]'')]] [[Sary:Peacock_Flower_(Caesalpinia_pulcherrima)_2.jpg|vignette|209x209px|''[[Caesalpinia pulcherrima]]'']] '''[[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#A|A]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#B|B]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#C|C]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#D|D]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#E|E]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#F|F]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#G|G]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#H|H]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#I|I]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#J|J]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#K|K]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#L|L]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#M|M]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#N|N]]- [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#O|O]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#P|P]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Q|Q]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#R|R]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#S|S]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#T|T]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#U|U]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#V|V]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#W|W]]- [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#X|X]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Y|Y]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Z|Z]]''' * ''Cabucala crassifolia'' <small>Pichon</small> (Hazotandroka) (rm) * ''Cabucala oblonga-ovata'' <small>Markgraff (Hentona)</small> * ''[[Cadaba virgata]]'' -- fandriandambo, hazomasina, irakoka, maintifo, tsiantsohilotsy, tsiariarianalotsy, tsiarinaliotsa * ''[[Caesalpinia bonduc]]'' L. -- fananomahery, katra, tsiafakomby, <u>tsirifota</u>, vatolalaka (jm) * ''Caesalpinia bonducella'' (Roxb) Fleming (Vatolalaka) (rm) * ''[[Caesalpinia pulcherrima]] --'' * ''Caesalpinia sepiaria'' Roxb (Tsiafakomby) (rm) * ''[[Amberivatry|Cajanus cajan]]'' <small>(L.) Millsp.</small> (← ''Cajanus indicus'' <small>Spreng.)</small> ''--'' ambarivatry, ambatry, amberivatry, ambiatrimbohitra, ambiatry, antsotry, asotrilahy, bokana, hazondandy, kiambatrimbohitsa, kivanja (Ambiatry) (rm) * ''[[Calantica cerasifolia]]'' <small>Tul</small>. -- hazoambo, hazoambovavy, hazombato, silambinanto (Hazoambo) (rm) * ''[[Calliandra alternans]]'' <small>Bentham</small>. (Mandravasarotra I) (rm) * ''[[Calophyllum inophyllum]]'' Linné -- anganaro, foraha, forahabe, itakamaka, mafotra, takamaka, timbarika, tsindelo, <u>vintanina</u>, vintaninaberavina, voakoly, voakotry, voalavenona (rm) * ''[[Calophyllum madagascariensis]]'' * ''[[Calophyllum parviflorum]]'' <small>Baker</small> (Vintanina) (rm) * ''[[Calopyxis bernieriana]]'' <small>(Tulasne) Perrier de la Bathie</small> (Voatamenaka) (rm) * ''[[Calotropis gigantea]]'' * ''[[Cananga odorata]]'' -- ilañilañy * ''[[Canarium boivinii]]'' -- aramy, haramy, ramifotsy, ramimainty, ramimena, ramy, tambazotse * ''[[Canarium madagascariense]]'' (← ''Canarium madagascariensis'') ''--'' aramy, haramy, <u>ramy</u> ary tambazotse * ''[[Cannabis indica]]'' Linné (Rongony) (rm) * ''[[Canthium baxifolium]]'' <small>(Baker) Cavaco.</small> (Fantsikahitra) (rm) * ''[[Canthium erythroxyloides]]'' Baillon. (Ananamboa) (rm) * ''Canthium'' sp. (Farimay) (rm) * ''Canthium'' sp. (Voanananapaha lahy / vavy) (rm) * ''Caperonia sp.'' (Vahindambo) (rm) * ''[[Capsicum frutescens]]'' <small>L.</small> [Tsindrio ny [[Sakay (fanao sakafo)#Fitsaboana|eto]]] * ''[[Capsicum annuum]]'' <small>L.</small> (sakaipilo) (rm) [Tsindrio koa ny [[Sakay (fanao sakafo)#Fitsaboana|eto]]] * ''[[Cardiospermum halicacabum]]'' L. Boj. -- voafaria, kisangy, masontsokina, poakpoaka, riado, siramboalavo, tsipoapoaka, vahifamakientana II (rm) * ''[[Papay|Carica papaya]]'' L. ''--'' mapaza, papay, paza, voapaza, <u>voampazalahy</u> * ''[[Carissa edulis]] --'' taolana, voakandrina ** ''Carissa edulis'' var. ''subtrinervia'' (Fantsimbala) (rm) -- dipatika, fantsimbala, fantsinakoho, fantsy, fatsimbala, fatsinakoho, fatsitokoho, mokotrala, odi-fanampenana-ra, roifantaka, tambonana, velivato * ''Casearia nigrescens'' Tul. var. ''lucida'' (Hazonakoholahy) (rm) * ''Cassia alata'' Linné (→ ''[[Senna alata]]'') -- anjananjana * ''Cassia laevigata'' Willd (Taikakoho) (rm) * ''Cassia mimosoides'' Linné (Masina anio, Mendoravina) (rm) * ''[[Cassinopsis madagascariensis]]'' H. Bn. (Hazomafaitra) (rm) * ''[[Cassytha filiformis]]'' Linné. (Tsihiatofotra) (rm) * ''[[Catharanthus roseus]]'' -- arivotambelona, befela, felabaratra, felatanamamba, heladolo, rivotambelona, salotsa, sarita, tonga, tongatse, trongatse, tsimatiririnina, tsingevika, vonenina * ''[[Catharanthus trichophyllus]]'' ** ''Catharanthus trichophyllus'' ''coriaceus'' (Bak) Pichon (Felanjirika) (rm) * ''[[Caucalis melanatha]]'' (Hoschter) Benth et Hook fils. (Tongotrandraka) (rm) * ''[[Cedrelopsis grevei]]'' Baillon. -- katafa, katrafaina, <u>katrafay</u>, katsafa, mampandry, mantora * ''[[Ceiba pentandra]]'' -- hazomorengy, kaboaka, kapoaka, kapôka, landahazobe, landihazobe, laoaty, moraingy, pamba, pemba, pembabe * ''[[Celosia trigyna]]'' L. (Velomitsotsorika) (rm) * ''[[Centella asiatica]]'' (L.) Urban, forma abreviata. (Talapetraka) (rm) * ''[[Centella asiatica]]'' -- anamanitra, anampetraka, anantahalaka, anantalapetraka, kiladitahalaka, korokorona, loviantsahonantanety, raivolesoka, silabola, talapetraka, viliantsahonantanety * ''[[Cephalanthus spathelliformis]]'' Baker. (Sidindranto) (rm) * ''[[Cerastinum africanum]]'' Oliv (Tsivahadrenikely) (rm) * ''[[Cerasus padus]]'' DC. (Paiso voaloboka) (rm) * ''[[Cereus]] sp.'' (Raketa) (rm) * ''[[Chadsia grevei]]'' -- amontilahy, monty, moty, tsivoninjao (jm) * ''[[Chapeliera madagascariensis]]'' AR. RH. (Ravimbolo) (rm) * ''[[Chassalia bojeri]]'' * ''[[Chassalia princei]]'' * ''[[Chenopodium ambrosioides]]'' Linné -- akatasavola, akatasoavaly, bemaimbo, <u>taimborontsiloza</u>, tainivorontsiloza, tetrolokoloko, tetrolokolona (rm, jm) * ''Chenopodium bonum henricum'' <small>Linné</small> (Takasimboloina) (rm) * ''[[Chenopodium murale]]'' Linné (Anambodihena) (rm) * ''[[Chlerodendron heretophyllum]]'' <small>R. Br.</small> (Fantsinakohoy) (rm) * ''[[Chromolaena odorata]]'' * ''[[Chrysanthellum indicum]]'' <small>Linné</small> (Trakambazimba) (rm) * ''[[Cineraria anampoza]]'' <small>Baker</small> (Anampoza) (rm) * ''[[Camphora officinarum|Cinnamomum camphora]]'' Linné. ''--'' <u>ravintsara</u>, ravitsara * ''[[Cinnamomum verum]]'' -- * ''[[Cinnamomum zeylanicum]]'' <small>Breyn</small>. -- andrembavinaveotra, hazokanelina, hazomanitra, kanelina, ravintsara * ''[[Cinnamosma fragrans]]'' <small>Baillon</small> -- fanalamangidy, [[mandravasarotra]], molotrobeantiniaina, motrebetinainy, (Mandravasarotra II) (rm)motrobeantinena, saro * ''[[Cinnamosma macrocarpa]]'' -- * ''[[Cinnamosma madagascariensis]]'' -- sakaihazo, sakarivohazo, vahabahatra * ''[[Cissampelos pareira]]'' <small>Linné</small>. (Vahivoriavina) (rm) * ''[[Cissampelos perrieri]]'' <small>Diels</small>. (Vahimavo) (rm) * ''[[Cissampelos]]'' sp. (Ramilelatra) (rm) * ''[[Cissus quadrangularis]]'' * ''[[Citrulus lanatus]] --'' hetsihetsy, makatendry, tsikiry, voabe, voaketrihetry, voamanga, voanketsihetsy, voantsikiry, voasavy, voazavo (jm) * ''[[Citrus aurantiifolia]]'' Swing. -- (Voasary makirana)angy, besenta, hangy * ''[[Citrus aurantium]]'' Linné. (''Citrus aurantium'' var. ) (Voatolongo) (rm) * ''[[Citrus hystrix]] -''- voangabe, voangibe * ''[[Citrus limon]]'' -- voasarimakirana * ''Citrus'' sp. (Voasary mandina) (rm) * ''[[Claoxylon bakerianum]]'' <small>Baillon</small> (Sitrakafavoa) * ''[[Cleistanthus boivinianus]] --'' tanatanampotsy * ''[[Cleistanthus madagascariensis]]'' * ''[[Cleistopholis madagascariensis]]'' * ''[[Clematis mauritiana]]'' <small>Lamarck.</small> (Farimaty) (rm) * ''[[Clematis trifida]]'' <small>Hook</small>. (Fotsivolomanoka) (rm) * ''[[Cleome gynandra]]'' * ''[[Cleome viscosa]]'' -- kiafafalahy (jm) * ''[[Clerodendrum hircinum]]'' ** ''Clerodendrum hircinum'' var. ''dentatum'' Moldenke. (Vanginamboa) (rm) * ''[[Clerodendrum myricoides]]'' * ''[[Clerodendrum putre]]'' <small>Sch</small>. (Tsantsambaitra IV) (rm) * ''[[Clerodendrum pyrifolium]]'' <small>J.G. Baker.</small> (Vatoana) (rm) * ''[[Climatis mauritiana]]'' Lamarck. (Vahintseva) (rm) * ''[[Clitoria ternatea]]'' -- famehifary, vahintsikomba * ''[[Cnestis polyphylla]] -''- tokambahatra, tokambahatsa, tokambahitra, tokambahy, tongambahitsy, tongambiliotsio, tongombahiby, tsefaka, vahipika, voahento, voantsefaka, voapika, voasefaka, voasefakafotsy * ''[[Voanio|Cocos nucifera]]'' Linné ''-''- voanio * ''[[Coffea arabica]]'' <small>Pierre</small>. (Kafe gasy) (rm) * ''[[Coffea liberica]]'' <small>Pierre</small>. (Kafe Liberia) (rm) * ''[[Coleus aromaticus]]'' <small>Benth</small> (Ahibitsy) (rm) * ''[[Coleus bojeri]]'' <small>Baker</small> (Bororom-parihy) (rm) * ''[[Colocasia antiquorum]]'' <small>Sch</small> (Saonjo) (rm) * ''[[Colocasia esculenta]]'' ** ''[[Colocasia esculenta]]'' var. ''aquatilis'' (Saonjon-drano) * ''[[Combretum coccineum]]'' (← ''[[Quisqualis indica]]'') -- halaitra, tamenake (jm) * ''[[Combretum micrantum]]'' <small>G. Don</small> (Kankiliba) (rm) * ''[[Commelina benghalensis]]'' -- tsimativonoina * ''[[Commelina diffusa]]'' -- ahidimaño, tsimativonoina. * ''[[Commelina madagascariensis]]'' <small>Clarke</small> (Nifinankanga) (rm) * ''[[Commelina nudiflora]]'' <small>Linné</small> (Tsimativonoina) (rm) * ''[[Commiphora madagascariensis]]'' * ''[[Commiphora simplicifolia]]'' -- daro, fantsakatsa, fatsakatsa, mangory, sangatsy, sengatsy (jm) * ''[[Conyza aegyptiaca]]'' <small>Aiton (DC)</small> (Kelivoloina II) (rm) * ''[[Conyza garnieri]]'' <small>Klatt</small> (Miandramidrika) (rm) * ''[[Conyza hitella]]'' <small>A. de Candolle</small> (Dingandingantahalaka) (rm) * ''[[Cordia myxa]]'' -- lamotinalika, magora, <u>taindelokarana</u>, tsimiranjo (jm) * ''[[Cosmos bipinnatus]]'' <small>Linné</small> (Cosmos) (rm) * ''[[Craspidospermum verticillatum]]'' <small>Bojer</small> (Vandrika) (rm) * ''[[Crassocephalum bojeri]]'' <small>(DC) Robyns</small> (Kimalahona) (rm) * ''[[Crassocephalum rubens]]'' <small>(Jacquin) Sp Moore</small> (Anandrambo) (rm) * ''[[Crassocephalum sarcobasis]]'' <small>DC</small> (Anandrambo) (rm) * ''[[Crinum asiaticum]]'' <small>Roxb</small> (Tsitsaontsaona) (rm) * ''[[Crotalaria diosmaefolia]]'' <small>Bentham</small>. (Voatelinondry) (rm) * ''[[Crotalaria fulva]]'' <small>Roxberg</small>. * ''[[Crotalaria retusa]]'' <small>Linné</small> -- akondrojaza, akondrongolo, ambarivatrindolo, amberivatrindolo, <u>ambiatindolo</u>, ambiatrindolo, andriambavibe, bosy, diankazolahy, faliakoho, famonoakoho, hintsakintsaka, kinesakinesa, kinsakinsa, kitsakitsanakoho, kitsakitsanankizy, kitsakitsandomohina, mangakely, tsiakondroakondro, tsimembo, tsingirigiry, 116 voapika * ''[[Crotalaria saltiana]]'' <small>Andrew</small>. (Ambiatrimbohitra) (rm) * ''Crotalaria'' sp. (Hazongaga II) (rm) * ''[[Crotalaria striata]]'' <small>DC.</small> (Voakirintsana) (rm) * ''[[Crotalaria tenuis]]'' <small>Baker</small>. (Foko) (rm) * ''[[Crotalaria xanthoclada]]'' <small>Bojer</small>. (Maitsoririnina I) (rm) * ''[[Croton catatii]]'' <small>Baillon</small>. (Andriambolafotsy) (rm) * ''[[Croton dichogamus]]'' * ''[[Croton malgassicus]]'' * ''[[Croton noronhae]]'' -- andriambavifoty, anizety, fanafa, fotsiavadika, fotsiavady, kitimaroanaka, ndriambolafotsy * ''Croton sp.'' (Somorona hazo) (rm) * ''[[Croton stannaeum]]'' <small>Baillon</small> (Sily) (rm) * ''[[Cryptocarya agathophylla]]'' (← ''Ravensara aromatica'') -- avozo, havozo, havozomangidy, havozomanitra, hazomanga, hazomangalahy, hazomanitra, laposinty, ravintsara, tavolomanitra, voaravintsara * ''[[Cryptocarya ovalifolia]]'' <small>(Danguy) van der Werff</small> (← ''Ravensara ovalifolia'' <small>Danguy</small>) -- (Molaliambo) (rm) * ''[[Cryptostegia madagascariensis]]'' -- lombiro, lombiry (jm) * ''[[Cucurbita maxima]]'' Linné (Voatavo) (rm) * ''[[Cucumis melo|Cucurmis melo]]'' L. (Voatango vavy) (rm) * ''[[Cucurmis sativus]]'' L. (Voatango lahy) (rm) * ''[[Tamotamo|Curcuma longa]]'' L. -- gingisy, gingiza, <u>tamotamo</u>, vaza, vogotany * ''[[Curcuma zedoaria]]'' -- * ''[[Cussonia bojeri]]'' -- hazongoaika, hazotsara, tsiahilika, tsingila, tsingilo * ''[[Cussonia fraxinifolia]]'' <small>Baker</small> (Vatsilana) (rm) * ''[[Cussonia spicata]]'' * ''[[Cyanotis nodiflora]]'' <small>Kunt</small> (Evonevona) (rm) * ''[[Cyathula cylindrica]]'' <small>(Bojer) Moquin</small> (Tangongona) (rm) * ''[[Cymbopogon citratus]]'' -- veromanitra, fantakamanitra, fatakamanitra, fiahana, fiehana, verofehana, verofehina, veromafaika. * ''[[Cymbopogon nardus]]'' * ''[[Cynanchum andrigitrense]]'' <small>Choux</small> (Vahinato) (rm) * ''[[Cynara scolimus]]'' <small>L.</small> (Artichaut) (rm) * ''[[Cynodon dactylon]]'' <small>Pers</small> -- arampandrotra, arapandrotra, fandrahana, fandropalana, fandrotrarana, fandrotsana, firifiry, <u>horomainty</u>, kidesy, kidresy, kindrese, kindresy, ladintrambo, rampadrotsa, rapandrotra, vahitsitafitahady, vandrahana, volonaondry, volotsaka * ''[[Cynoglossum rochelia]]'' <small>DC</small> (Anamaoty) (rm) * ''[[Cyperus articulatus]]'' Linné -- bitono, <u>mita</u>, mito, moita, tsimitamita, vondoha * ''[[Cyperus compactus]]'' Lamarck (Fitohizam-balala) (rm) * ''[[Cyperus distans]]'' L.F. (Kirindrambohitra II) (rm) * ''[[Cyperus esculentus]]'' -- karekika, karepoka * ''[[Cyperus madagascariensis]]'' Roemer et Schultze (Vendramparihy, Zozoro) (rm) * ''[[Cyperus rotundus]]'' * ''[[Cyphostemma microdipterum]]'' (Baker) Descoings -- famakientana, <u>vahy famakientana</u> '''Antokon-javamaniry voakasika''': ''[[Cabucala]] - [[Cadaba]] - [[Caesalpinia]] - [[Cajanus]] - [[Calantica]] - [[Calliandra]] - [[Calophyllum]] - [[Calopyxis]] - [[Calotropis]] - [[Cananga]] - [[Canarium]] - [[Cannabis]] - [[Canthium]] - [[Caperonia]] - [[Capsicum]] - [[Cardiospermum]] - [[Carica]] - [[Carissa]] - [[Casearia]] - [[Cassia]] - [[Cassinopsis]] - [[Cassytha]] - [[Catharanthus]] - [[Caucalis]] - [[Cedrelopsis]] - [[Ceiba]] - [[Celosia]] - [[Centella]] - [[Cephalanthus]] - [[Cerastinum]] - [[Cerasus]] - [[Cereus]] - [[Chadsia]] - [[Chapeliera]] - [[Chassalia]] - [[Chenopodium]] - [[Chlerodendron]] - [[Chromolaena]] - [[Chrysanthellum]] - [[Cineraria]] - [[Cinnamomum]] - [[Cinnamosma]] - [[Cissampelos]] - [[Cissus]] - [[Citrulus]] - [[Citrus]] - [[Claoxylon]] - [[Cleistanthus]] - [[Cleistopholis]] - [[Clematis]] - [[Cleome]] - [[Clerodendrum]] - [[Climatis]] - [[Clitoria]] - [[Cnestis]] - [[Cocos]] - [[Coffea]] - [[Coleus]] - [[Colocasia]] - [[Combretum]] - [[Commelina]] - [[Commiphora]] - [[Conyza]] - [[Cordia]] - [[Cosmos]] - [[Craspidospermum]] - [[Crassocephalum]] - [[Crinum]] - [[Crotalaria]] - [[Croton]] - [[Cryptocarya]] - [[Cryptostegia]] - [[Cucurbita]] - [[Cucurmis]] - [[Curcuma]] - [[Cussonia]] - [[Cyanotis]] - [[Cyathula]] - [[Cymbopogon]] - [[Cymbopogon]] - [[Cynanchum]] - [[Cynara]] - [[Cynodon]] - [[Cynoglossum]] - [[Cyperus]] - [[Cyphostemma]]'' == D == [[Sary:Datura_innoxia_Mill._flower,_buds_and_foliage.jpg|vignette|278x278px|Kinakoho, ramiarana, ramiary (''[[Datura innoxia]]'')]] '''[[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#A|A]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#B|B]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#C|C]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#D|D]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#E|E]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#F|F]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#G|G]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#H|H]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#I|I]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#J|J]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#K|K]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#L|L]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#M|M]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#N|N]]- [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#O|O]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#P|P]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Q|Q]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#R|R]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#S|S]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#T|T]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#U|U]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#V|V]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#W|W]]- [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#X|X]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Y|Y]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Z|Z]]''' * ''Dactyloctenium aegypticum'' (Linné) P. Beauv (Ahitrombilahy) * ''Dalbergia purpurascens'' Baillon. (Hitsika). * ''Dalbergia'' sp. (Lanary). * ''Dalechampia clematidifolia'' Bojer (Teloravina) * ''Danais cernua'' Baker. (Bongontany) * ''Danais volubilis'' Baker. (Bongon-drano) * ''[[Datura alba]]'' Linné. (Ramiary / Roingivy) * ''Datura arborea'' Linné. (→ ''[[Brugmansia arborea]]'') * ''[[Datura innoxia]]'' (na ''Dature inoxia'') ''--'' (jm) * ''[[Datura tatula]]'' Linné. (Ramiary / Roingivy) -- kirary, ramiarana, voandramiary (jm) * ''[[Desmodium cajanifolium]]''. (Olana). * ''[[Desmodium canum]]'' SCHI et THEL. (Tsilavondrivotra). * ''[[Desmodium lasiocarpum]]'' Decaryi. (Lambohenjana). * ''[[Desmodium salicifolium]]'' DC. (Voapidrano). * ''[[Desmodium triflorum]]'' DC. (Voapibohitra). * ''[[Dianella ensifolia]]'' (L.) Redouté. (Kivondrombohitra) * ''Dichaetanthera cordifolia'' Baker. (Voatrotraka) * ''Dichaetanthera'' sp. (Hidina) * ''Dichapetalum chlorinum'' (Tul) Engler. (Voambahimazana) * ''Dichondra repens'' Forst (Telafoetra) * ''Dichrocephala latifolia'' DC (Ahibihidrina) * ''[[Dicoma incarna]]'' -- peha * ''Dicoryphe viticoides'' Baker (Tsitsihina) * ''[[Didierea madagascariensis]]'' -- sohongy, sogno, sogny, sony, soribarika (jm) * ''Didrostachys tenuifolia'' Benth. (Famahatra) * ''Didrostachys tenuifolia'' Bentham. (Roimainty II) * ''Dilobeia thouarsii'' R. et S. (Ramandriana) * ''Diodia sarmentosa'' Sweet. (Leiamenarana) * ''[[Dioscorea macabiha]]'' Jumelle et Perrier (Babangy) * ''[[Dioscorea oviala]]'' Baker (Oviala) * ''Diospyros sp.'' (Hazondriana) * ''Dodonaea madagascariensis'' Radlkofer. (Tsitoavana) * ''Dombeya'' sp. (Fimpona) * ''Dombeya'' sp. (Satrikoefamaratra) * ''[[Dracaena reflexa]]'' Baker. (Tavola) * ''Dracaena'' sp. (Hasina madinidravina) * ''[[Drosera madagascariensis]]'' ''--'' * ''[[Drosera ramanitacea]]'' Burchell. -- kimatanandro, mahatanando, <u>mahatanandomena</u> * ''Drymaria cordata'' Willd (Anantarika) * Antokon-javamaniry voakasika: ''[[Dactyloctenium]] - [[Dalbergia]] - [[Dalechampia]] - [[Danais]] - [[Datura]] - [[Desmodium]] - [[Dianella]] - [[Dichaetanthera]] - [[Dichapetalum]] - [[Dichondra]] - [[Dichrocephala]] - [[Dicoma]] - [[Dicoryphe]] - [[Didierea]] - [[Didrostachys]] - [[Dilobeia]] - [[Diodia]] - [[Dioscorea]] - [[Diospyros]] - [[Dodonaea]] - [[Dombeya]] - [[Dracaena]] - [[Drosera]] - [[Drymaria]]'' == E == [[Sary:Eucalyptus_amygdalina_flower_buds.jpg|vignette|276x276px|Kininina (''[[Eucalyptus amygdalina]]'')]] '''[[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#A|A]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#B|B]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#C|C]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#D|D]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#E|E]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#F|F]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#G|G]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#H|H]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#I|I]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#J|J]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#K|K]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#L|L]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#M|M]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#N|N]]- [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#O|O]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#P|P]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Q|Q]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#R|R]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#S|S]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#T|T]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#U|U]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#V|V]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#W|W]]- [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#X|X]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Y|Y]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Z|Z]]''' * ''Elaeodendron sp.'' (Hazondrano II et III) * ''[[Elaeodendron oliganthum]]'' Baker (Fanazava I) * ''[[Eleonorus tristis]]'' Hackel (Ahitsoritra) * ''Elephantus scaper'' L. (Tambakotambako) * ''Embelia concinna'' Baker. (Takasina) * ''Embelia nummulariofolia'' Baker. (Tanterakala Vavy) * ''Embelia obovata'' Mez. (Tanterakala) * ''Embelia pyrifolia'' Wild. (Tanterakala Lahy) * ''Emilia bathiaei'' H. Humbert (Anamananajary) * ''Emilia citrina'' DC (Tsiontsiona) * ''Emilia graminea'' DC (Anantahalaka II) * ''[[Entada abyssinica]]'' (Vahikarabo) * ''[[Entada chrysostachys]]'' (Sweet) Drake. (Fano) * ''[[Enterospermum madagascariense]]'' -- masanjoana, masinjany, masinjoana, masonjana * ''Epallage anemonifolia'' DC (Anjavidy vavy) * ''Epallage dentata'' DC (Mafaitraty) * ''Equisetum rainosissimum'' Desf. (Kitohitohy) * ''Erigeron naudinii'' Bonnier (Aferontanimbohira madinika, Ahibahiny) * ''[[Eriobotrya japonica]]'' Lindl. (Bibasy) * ''Eriocaulon bifistulozum'' von Heurck (Kisangandrano vavy) * ''Eriosema procumbens'' Benth. (Fokondantra). * ''Erythroxylum discolor'' Bojer. (Taimboalavo) * ''Erythroxylum ferrugineum'' Cav. (Malaimbovony) * ''Erythroxylum gerardii'' Baker (Fanjoana) * ''Eucalyptus'' sp. (Kininimboasary) * ''Eucalyptus'' spp. -- kininina * ''Eugenia aromatica'' Linné. (→ ''[[Jirofo (zavamaniry)|Syzygium aromaticum]]'') (Jirofo) * ''Eugenia cyclophylla'' <small>Baker.</small> (→ ''[[Syzygium revolutum]]'' <small>(Wight) Walp.</small>) -- Voaoriory). * ''Eugenia jambolana'' L. (→ ''[[Syzygium cumini]]'' <small>(L.) Skeels.</small>) -- rotra, <u>robazaha</u>, rotrambazaha, rotravazaha, varotra * ''Eugenia phillyreaefolia'' <small>Baker</small> (→ ''[[Syzygium phillyreifolium]]'' <small>(Baker) Labat & G. E. Schatz</small>) -- (Rotra) * ''Eulalia villosa'' <small>(Thunb) Nees</small> (Mafáibaratra) * ''Eulophia madagascariensis'' Kranzl. (Tongolomboalavo) * ''Euphorbia (section Tithymalus) emirnense'' Baker. (Fanovony) * ''[[Euphorbia hirta]]'' Linné -- ahidinono, ahidronono, aidinono, fampinonoana, kironono, tambavy, tanampotsihelika, tsimenamena, <u>zanraobera</u> (Jean Robert II) * ''[[Euphorbia alluaudii]]'' -- betondro, famata, famatabetondro (jm) * ''[[Euphorbia prostrata]]'' -- kimenamena (jm) * ''[[Euphorbia stenoclada]]'' -- famata, famatabotribotrika, famatabotrika, famata-hamatse, hamatra, hamatse, hamatsy, hamotse, lokofamata, mosotse (jm) * [[Euphorbia thymifolia|''Euphorbia'' ''thymifolia'']] Linné (Jean Robert I) * ''[[Euphorbia tirucalli]]'' -- famata, laro * ''[[Euphorbia tithymaloides]]'' (← ''[[Pedilanthus tithymaloides]]'') -- bôridira (jm) * ''Euphorbia tulasneana'' Baillon. (Harina) * ''Evodia madagascariensis'' Baker. (Ampody madinika) * ''Evonymus elaeodendroides'' Loesener (Rangy) * ''Exacum quinquenervium'' Grisebach (Aferontany hazo) * ''Exacum tsimihety'' H. Humbert (Betarosa) * Antokon-javamaniry voakasika: ''[[Elaeodendron]] - [[Eleonorus]] - [[Elephantus]] - [[Embelia]] - [[Emilia (zavamaniry)|Emilia]] - [[Entada]] - [[Enterospermum]] - [[Epallage]] - [[Equisetum]] - [[Erigeron]] - [[Eriobotrya]] - [[Eriocaulon]] - [[Eriosema]] - [[Erythroxylum]] - [[Eucalyptus]] - [[Eugenia]] - [[Eulalia]] - [[Eulophia]] - [[Euphorbia]] - [[Evodia]] - [[Evonymus]] - [[Exacum]]'' == F == [[Sary:Flacourtia_indica_fruit_in_Hyderabad_W_IMG_7482.jpg|vignette|224x224px|Jingôma, lamontiala, lamonty, lamotsy, lamoty, ramontsy (''[[Flacourtia indica]]'')]] '''[[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#A|A]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#B|B]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#C|C]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#D|D]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#E|E]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#F|F]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#G|G]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#H|H]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#I|I]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#J|J]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#K|K]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#L|L]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#M|M]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#N|N]]- [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#O|O]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#P|P]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Q|Q]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#R|R]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#S|S]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#T|T]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#U|U]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#V|V]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#W|W]]- [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#X|X]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Y|Y]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Z|Z]]''' * ''Faureo forficuliflora'' Baker. (Hazombaroa) * ''[[Fernandoa madagacrariensis]]'' -- somontsohy (jm) * ''[[Ficus apodocephale]]'' Baker. (Voarabe). * ''[[Ficus baroni]]'' -- amonta, amontambavy, amontana, amontandahy, aviavindahy, hafotra, nohondahy, nonokaberavina, nonokorovana, nonondahy, nonosay, voara, voarabe * ''Ficus megapoda'' Baker (→''[[Ficus polita]]'') (Aviavy, ''Mananona'') * ''[[Ficus melleri]]'' Baker. (Nonoka Beravina) * ''Ficus polyphlebia'' Baker. (Fompohona) * ''Ficus pyrifolia'' Lam. (Nonoka madinidravina) * ''[[Ficus sakalavarum]]'' -- adabo, adabobe, adabolatsaka, adabonkoera, adabonomby, dabolatsaka (jm) * ''Ficus soroceoides'' Baker. (Ampaly) * [[Ficus trichopoda|''Ficus'' ''trichopoda'']] Baker. (Aviavy) * ''[[Flacourtia indica]]'' (← ''Flacourtia ramontchi'' l'Hérit.) -- hazombavy, jingôma, lamoty, ramontsy, tsingoma, tsongoma, voalamoty, voatronaka, voavoa (jm) * ''Flagellaria indica'' L. (Vahipika) * ''Floscopa glomeraia'' Hasskarl (Mahaleomitatao) * ''[[Flueggea virosa]]'' (← ''Flueggea microcarpa'') -- atsikana, fantsikakolahy, kotika, kotikana, patikahoko, teto, voafotsikotikana (jm) '''Antokon-javamaniry voakasika''': ''[[Faureo]] - [[Fernandoa]] - [[Ficus]] - [[Flacourtia]] - [[Flagellaria]] - [[Floscopa]] - [[Flueggea]]'' == G == [[Sary:Gossypium_herbaceum_004.JPG|vignette|276x276px|Hasikitoky (''[[Gossypium herbaceum]]'')]] '''[[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#A|A]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#B|B]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#C|C]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#D|D]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#E|E]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#F|F]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#G|G]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#H|H]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#I|I]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#J|J]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#K|K]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#L|L]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#M|M]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#N|N]]- [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#O|O]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#P|P]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Q|Q]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#R|R]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#S|S]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#T|T]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#U|U]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#V|V]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#W|W]]- [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#X|X]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Y|Y]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Z|Z]]''' * ''[[Geisoriza bojeri]]'' Baker (Tongolombato II) * ''[[Geranium simense]]'' Hochstetter (Mahatanandofotsy II) * ''[[Gerbera elliptica]]'' Humbert (Fotsiavadika, Kelivoloina I) * ''[[Gerbera hypochaeridoides]]'' Baker (Marovatra) * ''[[Gladiolus garniera]]'' Klatt (Kisesidahy) * ''[[Glochidion oreichtitum]]'' J. Leand. (Ahidratsy) * ''Gnaphalium luteo album'' L. (Ahipotsy II) * ''[[Gnidia danguyana]]'' Leandri. (Avoha) * ''[[Gomphocarpus cornutus]]'' Decaisne (Fanory) * ''[[Gomphocarpus fruticosus]]'' -- fandemy, faniry, fanoro, matsivina, poaka, tandemy, voamasivena * ''[[Gossypium herbaceum]]'' -- hasikitoky, landihazo (jm) * ''[[Grewia lavalanensis]]'' H. Bn. (Saily). * ''Grewia'' sp. (Mandrianketra) * ''Gunnera perpansa'' L. (Tangina) * ''[[Gymnanthemum appendiculatum]]'' -- [[ambiaty]] * ''[[Gymnosporia commiphoroides]]'' H. Perr (Roitsokina) * ''[[Gymnosporia divaricata]]'' Baker (Fantsimbala II) * ''[[Gymnosporia linearis]]'' (Linné fils) Loesener (Tsingilofilo) (jm) * ''[[Gymnosporia trigyna]]'' (Lamarck) Baker (Volanany) '''Antokon-javamaniry voakasika''': ''[[Geisoriza]] - [[Geranium]] - [[Gerbera]] - [[Gladiolus]] - [[Glochidion]] - [[Gnaphalium]] - [[Gnidia]] - [[Gomphocarpus]] - [[Gossypium]] - [[Grewia]] - [[Gunnera]] - [[Gymnanthemum]] - [[Gymnosporia]]'' == H == [[Sary:Hypoxis_angustifolia_MS_3546.jpg|vignette|315x315px|Saonjonimpanaraka (''[[Hypoxis angustifolia]]'')]] '''[[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#A|A]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#B|B]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#C|C]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#D|D]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#E|E]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#F|F]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#G|G]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#H|H]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#I|I]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#J|J]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#K|K]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#L|L]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#M|M]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#N|N]]- [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#O|O]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#P|P]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Q|Q]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#R|R]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#S|S]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#T|T]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#U|U]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#V|V]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#W|W]]- [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#X|X]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Y|Y]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Z|Z]]''' * ''Halleria ligustrifolia'' Baker. (Sesesoy) * ''Hartogiopsis trilobocarpa'' H. Perr (Befaroraotra) * ''[[Harungana madagascariensis]]'' (← ''Haronga madagascariensis'' Choisy) -- arongana, dity, fahotra, fohatra, haringana, haronga, harongambato, <u>harongana</u>, miangaroka * ''Helichrysum abbayesei'' Humbert (Ahitrandriana vavy) * ''Helichrysum cordifolium'' DC (Tsimanandra madinika) * ''Helichrysum delicatissimum'' Humbert (Ahitrandriana lahy, Sesinkondana) * ''Helichrysum faradifani'' Scott Ellicot (Ahibalala) * ''[[Helichrysum gymnocephalum]]'' Humbert -- rambazina, rambiasina, <u>rambiazina</u> * ''Helichrysum hypnoides'' Viguier et Humbert (Tsantsambaitra III) * ''Helichrysum indutum'' Humbert (Ahipotsy I) * ''Helichrysum microcephalum'' ADC (Tsimanandra madinika) * ''Helichrysum plantago'' ADC (Soatsamay) * ''Helichrysum rusillonii'' Hochreutiner (Ahibalala) * ''Helichrysum selaginifolium'' Vig et Humbert (Sava) * ''Helichrysum sp.'' (Tsantsambaitra II) * ''Helichrysum subumbellatum'' H. Humbert (Kijanonovoy) * ''Helichrysum viguieri'' et ''ambositrense'' H. Humbert (Maimboakondro) * ''Hibiscus caerulescens'' H. Bn. (Hafotsokina I) * ''Hibiscus diversifolius'' Jacquin. (Roimainty) * ''Hieracium capense'' Linné (Anantahalaka I) * ''Hieracium madagascariensis'' DC (Kiramborambo) * ''Homalium axillare'' (Lamarck) Bentham (Hazombato) * ''Homalium oppositofolium'' Baillon (Tavolo rano) * ''Hydrocotyle bonariensis'' Lam. (Kiatondra fotsy) * ''Hydrocotyle hirta'' R. Br. ex A. Richard. (Viliabetsahona). * ''Hydrocotyle ranunculoides'' Linné fils. (Telafoetrandrano) * ''Hydrostachys goudotiana'' A. Juss. (Mandriandrano) * ''[[Hylocereus triangularis]]'' Britt (Tsiloteloriana) * ''Hyparrhonia rufa'' Stapf. (Veroferana) * ''Hypericum japonicum'' Thunb (Famalhaihaihana lahy) ** ''Hypericum japonicum'' var ''crispum'' Thunb (Betoerana) * ''Hypericum lalandii'' Choisy (Kianikanika) * ''[[Hyphaene coriacea]]'' -- babangy, lohakoko, lokoko, satra (jm) * ''Hypoestes calaminthoides'' Baker (Sarikimalaho I) * ''[[Hypoxis angustifolia]]'' Lamarck (Saonjonimpanaraka) * ''[[Hyptis pectinata]]'' Poiteau (Afolava) * ''Hyptis spicigera'' Bojer (Afolava antahalaka) '''Antokon-javamaniry voakasika''': ''[[Halleria]] - [[Hartogiopsis]] - [[Harungana]] - [[Helichrysum]] - [[Hibiscus]] - [[Hieracium]] - [[Homalium]] - [[Hydrocotyle]] - [[Hydrostachys]] - [[Hylocereus]] - [[Hyparrhonia]] - [[Hypericum]] - [[Hyphaene]] - [[Hypoestes]] - [[Hypoxis]] - [[Hyptis]]'' == I == [[Sary:Ilex_mitis_-_Cape_Holly_tree_-_berries_detail_3.JPG|vignette|243x243px|Kamasina, lampivato, lapivahatra, nofotrakoho, tsialefitra, tsimidretsa, valolahy (''[[Ilex mitis]]'')]] [[Sary:Imperata_cylindrica_-_Cogon_grass.jpg|vignette|242x242px|Antsoro, fehana, saingona, tenina (''[[Imperata cylindrica]]'')]] '''[[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#A|A]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#B|B]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#C|C]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#D|D]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#E|E]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#F|F]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#G|G]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#H|H]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#I|I]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#J|J]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#K|K]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#L|L]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#M|M]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#N|N]]- [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#O|O]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#P|P]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Q|Q]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#R|R]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#S|S]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#T|T]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#U|U]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#V|V]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#W|W]]- [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#X|X]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Y|Y]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Z|Z]]''' * ''Ichnocarpus frutescens'' * ''[[Ilex mitis]] --'' hazondrano, kamasina, lampivahitry, lampivato, lapivahatra, manofotrakoho, monofotrakoho, nofotrakoho, talate, timpantrozona, tsialefitra, tsimendretsa, tsimidretra, tsimidretsa, tsimitety, tsimitretra, valolahy * ''Ilysanthes rotundifolia'' L. (Voanjomanga madinika an-tanety). * ''Impatiens firmula'' Baker (Silamoridrano) * ''Impatiens sp.'' (Kivolavola, Volavolanandrongo) * ''[[Imperata cylindrica]]'' Beauv -- antsoro, fakatenina, fehana, manevika, saingona, <u>tenina</u>, tenona, tsevoka (jm) * ''[[Indigofera arrecta]] Hochstetter'' ''--'' <u>aika</u>, engitra * ''Indigofera bojeri'' Baker. (Kijanolambala). * ''Indigofera glabra'' Linné. (Aika lahy). * ''Indigofera leucoclada'' Baker. (Fisatendro). * ''Indigofera mimosella'' Baillon. (Kiotsiotsiotany Lahy). * ''Indigofera pedunculata'' Baker. (Aika mena). * ''Indigofera'' sp. (Maitsokely). * ''[[Indigofera spicata]]'' * ''Indigofera stenossepala'' Baker. (Kiotsiotsiotany Vavy). * ''[[Indigofera suffruticosa]] -''- aika, engitra, hengitra * ''[[Indigofera tinctoria]]'' -- aika, angitra, engitra, fangira, fatotra, hengitra, kitsakitsa, lefitra, netsy, tapisakondry * ''Indigofora'' ''bojeri'' Baker (Kijanom-balala) * ''Inula perrieri'' Humbert Matfeld (Lelanomby) * ''[[Ipomoea aquatica]] --'' antarika * ''[[Ipomoea batatas]]'' Lam. -- <u>vomanga</u>, bageda, bokala (jm) * ''Ipomoea beraviensis'' Vatke (Vahindranavavy) * ''Ipomoea desmophylla'' Choisy (Kifolona) * ''Ipomoea medium'' Choisy (Vanjitra) * ''[[Ipomoea pes-caprae]]'' L. ''--'' lalanda, lalandandriaka, lalandana * ''Iresine herbstii'' (= ''Iresine diffusa'' f. ''herbstii'') * ''Iresine lindenii'' Hook (Belohalika) * ''[[Isolona madagascariensis]]'' -- ambary, kililo, ombary, ombavy, roimbary, roimbavy * ''[[Ixora coccinea]]'' <small>L.</small> * ''[[Ixora hookeri]]'' <small>(Oudem.) Bremek.</small> '''Antokon-javamaniry voakasika''': ''[[Ichnocarpus]] - [[Ilex]] - [[Ilysanthes]] - [[Impatiens]] - [[Imperata]] - [[Indigofera]] - [[Inula]] - [[Ipomoea]] - [[Iresine]] - [[Isolona]] - [[Ixora]]'' == J == [[Sary:Jatropha_curcas_at_thenmala_2014_(1).jpg|vignette|Kimampotsy, kizika, salabo, savoa, tanantanambazaha, tanatanampotsy, voanongo ([[Savoa|Jatropha curcas]])]] '''[[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#A|A]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#B|B]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#C|C]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#D|D]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#E|E]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#F|F]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#G|G]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#H|H]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#I|I]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#J|J]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#K|K]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#L|L]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#M|M]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#N|N]]- [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#O|O]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#P|P]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Q|Q]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#R|R]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#S|S]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#T|T]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#U|U]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#V|V]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#W|W]]- [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#X|X]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Y|Y]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Z|Z]]''' * ''[[Savoa|Jatropha curcas]]'' L. (Kinanomena) -- boy, ditin-kinana, kimampotsy, kinana, kinapotsy, kizika, salabo, savoa, taimboae, tanantanambazaha, tanantanampotsy, tanantanana, tanantanankisoa, tanapotsy, tanatana, tanatanafotsy, tanatanampotsy, tanatanana, tantàna, valavelo, voanongo (jm) * ''[[Jussiaea repens]]'' Linné. (Kiatondra) * ''[[Justicia tenella]]'' T. Anders (Solidandrano) '''Antokon-javamaniry voakasika''': ''[[Jatropha]] - [[Jussiaea]] - [[Justicia]]'' == K == [[Sary:Kalanchoe_prolifera_2019-12-13_6175.jpg|vignette|249x249px|Sodifafana (''[[Kalanchoe prolifera]]'')]] '''[[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#A|A]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#B|B]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#C|C]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#D|D]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#E|E]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#F|F]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#G|G]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#H|H]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#I|I]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#J|J]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#K|K]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#L|L]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#M|M]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#N|N]]- [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#O|O]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#P|P]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Q|Q]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#R|R]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#S|S]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#T|T]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#U|U]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#V|V]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#W|W]]- [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#X|X]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Y|Y]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Z|Z]]''' * ''[[Kalanchoe daigremontiana]]'' (← ''Bryophyllum daigremontianum'') * ''[[Kalanchoe delagoensis]]'' (← ''Bryophyllum delagoense'') * ''[[Kalanchoe eriophylla]]'' <small>Hilsenb. & Boj. ex Tul.</small> (← ''Kalanchoe pannosa'' <small>Baker</small> ) -- kimavo, kimavokarana, rengirengy, sofinapaha. * ''[[Kalanchoe grandidieri]] -''- isaka, <u>lalampobohitsa</u>, mongy, sofisofy * ''[[Kalanchoe laxiflora]]'' <small>Baker</small> -- kilenga * ''[[Kalanchoe orgyalis]]'' <small>Baker</small> -- <u>toarenihazo</u> * ''[[Kalanchoe pinnata]]'' (←''Bryophyllum pinnatum'') * ''[[Kalanchoe prolifera]]'' <small>R. Hamet</small> -- sodifafana * ''[[Kaliphora madagascariensis]]'' Hook fils. (Ranendo) * ''[[Keraudrenia macrantha]]'' (H. Bn) J. Arines. (Siandahy). * ''[[Kostletzkya adoensis]]'' (A. Rich) Mast. (Kotose) '''Antokon-javamaniry voakasika''': ''[[Bryophyllum]] -'' ''[[Kalanchoe]] - [[Kaliphora]] - [[Keraudrenia]] - [[Kostletzkya]]'' == L == [[Sary:LantanaFlowerLeaves.jpg|vignette|Radriaka, tainakoho, taindelontsinoa (''[[Lantana camara]]'')]] '''[[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#A|A]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#B|B]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#C|C]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#D|D]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#E|E]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#F|F]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#G|G]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#H|H]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#I|I]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#J|J]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#K|K]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#L|L]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#M|M]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#N|N]]- [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#O|O]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#P|P]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Q|Q]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#R|R]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#S|S]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#T|T]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#U|U]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#V|V]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#W|W]]- [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#X|X]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Y|Y]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Z|Z]]''' * ''Labramia costata'' (Hartog) Aubréville. (Votodingana). * ''[[Lactuca indica]]'' L. (Beroberoka) * ''Lagarosiphon madagascariensis'' Caspary (Kisangandrano) * ''[[Lagenaria siceraria]]'' (Molina) Standley (Voatavo Giga) * ''Laggera alata'' Linné (Arasoy) * ''[[Lantana camara]]'' Linné.-- radredreka, <u>radriaka</u>, riadriatra, tainakoho, taindelontsinoa (jm) * ''Laportea amberana'' (Baker) Leandri. (Ambera) * ''Lasiosiphon decaryi''. (Hazomalafana). * ''Lasiosiphon perrieri'' Leandri. (Avohambohitra) ; * ''Lathraeocarpa acicularis'' Bremeka mp. (Tsimarofy) * ''Laurembergia madagascariensis'' Schindler (Kalabotretra lahy) * ''Laurembergia veronicifolia'' (Bory) Schindler (Kiatondra mena) * ''Lautembergia ankafinensis'' Baillon Pax et Hoff (Kinanafotsy) * ''Lautembergia sp.'' (Karambito Vavy) * ''Lebeckia retamoides'' Baker. (Rongalahy). * ''Lemna paucicostata'' Linné. (Manotopotsy). * ''[[Leonotis nepetifolia]]'' -- halanjanahary, hazonjanahary, kilanjananahary, kitsotsoka, lanjalanjananahary, <u>lanjambola</u> * ''[[Leptadenia madagascariensis]]'' -- mojy, taratarika, tarikarika, taritarika, vaheronto, vahirano, vahironto, vahirontovavy (jm) * ''Leptolaena pauciflora'' Baker (Larokaitkana) * ''Linociera tropophylla'' Perrier de la Bathie. (Tsilambozana). * ''Lippia citriodora'' Linné. (Kinina Oliva) ; * ''Lissochilus plantagineus'' H. Perr. (Tongolombato I) * ''Lissochilus vaginatum'' n.n. = ''Eulophia madagascariensis'' Kranzl. (Tongolomboalavo) * ''Lobelia filiformis'' Lamarck. (Kimangamanga). * ''Lophotocarpus guyanensis'' Michaux (Vilahy betsahona am-parihy) * ''Loudetia madagascariensis'' (Baker) Bosser (Menariana) * ''Ludwigia abyssinica'' A. Richard. (Kiatondra lahy) * ''Ludwigia octovalvis'' (Jacquin) Raven. (Molalia) * ''Ludwigia octovalvis s. espèce sessiliflora'' (J.) Raven. (Voangindrano I). * ''Lycopodiella cernua'' (L.) Pichi Sermolli. (Tongotsokina). * ''Lycopodium clavatum'' Linné. (Tongotsokina) * ''[[Lygodium lanceolatum]]'' Desv. -- famatotrakanga, <u>fandrikakanga</u>, karakarantoloho, karakaratoloho, kidito * ''Lysimachia rhumeriana'' Vatke. (Voahangindrano II) '''Antokon-javamaniry voakasika''': ''[[Labramia]] - [[Lactuca]] - [[Lagarosiphon]] - [[Lagenaria]] - [[Laggera]] - [[Lantana]] - [[Laportea]] - [[Lasiosiphon]] - [[Lathraeocarpa]] - [[Laurembergia]] - [[Lebeckia]] - [[Lemna]] - [[Leonotis]] - [[Leptadenia]] - [[Linociera]] - [[Lippia]] - [[Lissochilus]] - [[Lobelia]] - [[Lophotocarpus]] - [[Loudetia]] - [[Ludwigia]] - [[Lycopodiella]] - [[Lygodium]] - [[Lysimachia]]'' == M == [[Sary:Melia_azedarach_01433.jpg|vignette|Voandelaka (''[[Melia azedarach]]'')]] '''[[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#A|A]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#B|B]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#C|C]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#D|D]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#E|E]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#F|F]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#G|G]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#H|H]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#I|I]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#J|J]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#K|K]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#L|L]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#M|M]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#N|N]]- [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#O|O]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#P|P]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Q|Q]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#R|R]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#S|S]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#T|T]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#U|U]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#V|V]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#W|W]]- [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#X|X]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Y|Y]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Z|Z]]''' * ''Macaranga cf alnifolia'' Baker (Mokanarana) * ''Macaranga cf echinocarpa'' Baker. (Fananimena) * ''Macaranga cuspidata'' Baillon. (Aposa) * ''Macaranga mongue'' Baillon (Mongy) * ''Macaranga ribesioides'' Baker var. ''longifolia'' Leandri (Karambito I) * ''Macaranga sphaerophylla'' Baker (Mongofasina) * ''[[Maerua filiformis]]'' Drake -- akaonala, akohonala, sarifilao, sasavalahy, solenty, soletry, soletsy, somanga, somangileta, somangy, tohiravina, tsimangy (jm) * ''Maesa trichophlebie'' Baker. (Voarafy). * ''Malva verticillata'' Linné. (Miakany) * ''[[Mangifera indica]]'' L. -- borabe, enbe, kitamoamoa, maitsoantitra, <u>manga</u> * ''[[Manihot esculenta]]'' (na ''Manihot utilissima'' Pohl.) -- amanga, ambazaha, avolona, balafanajaha, balafanapaka, balahazo, barara, belahazo, bononòka, hogo, kajaha, kazaha, mahogo, mangahazo, matreoka, mbalahazo, mbazaha, mohogo, ovihazo, rompotra, tsiveritelo, tsoritsoriny, vihazo, vomangahazo * ''Marattia microcarpa'' Mett. (Tsipaho II). * ''Marchantia sp.'' (Vahohotany) * ''Mariscus sp.'' (Kirindrambohitra I) * ''[[Marsdenia verrucosa]]'' -- berabohy, beraboka, boka, bokabe, bokalahy, haboka, tsingovio (jm) * ''Mascarenhasia arborescens'' DC var. ''geayi'' (Costantin et Dubois) Boiteau (Kidroa) * ''[[Mascarenhasia lisianthiflora]]'' (Bojer) ADC -- angalora, barabanja, befaroraotra II, gidroa, gidroala, gidroanala, gidroandrano, gidronosy, godroa, godroala, godroanala, hazompika, kidroala, kidroalahy, kokomba, tandrokosy, vonifotsy (jm) * ''Medinilla'' sp. (Takasina II) * ''Medinilla'' sp. (Voatotongana) * ''[[Melaleuca quinquenervia]]'' -- kininindrano, niaoly * ''Melanthera'' sp. (Karaoty soavaly) * ''[[Melia azedarach]]'' Linné. (Voandelaka) (jm) * ''Melinis minutiflora'' Palisot de Beauvois (Menakapaha) * ''Mentha sp.'' (Solila) * ''Mesanthemum rutenbergianum'' Kornicke (Fotsivolo) * ''Micranthus oppositifolius'' Wendland (Sarikimalaho II) * ''Micromeria flagellaris'' Baker (Ahibandana) * ''Micronychia tsaratana'' (Baker) Capuron anc. Rhus (Tarentana) * ''Mimosa latispinosa'' Lamarck. (Roikina / Roimainty III) ; * ''[[Mimosa pudica]]'' <small>L.</small> -- amboafotsikely, amboafotsitenda, anakoay, anakoe, anankoay, kelimanjakalanitra, matirorona, matirosana, ramirena, ramiria, ramorena * ''Mimulus madagascariensis'' Bentham. (Voanjomanga lahy) ; * ''Mohria caffrorum'' Desvaux. (Manilahy). * ''[[Mollugo nudicaulis]] ficoides'' <small>Lamarck</small>. (→ ''[[Paramollugo nudicaulis]]'' <small>(Lam.) Thulin</small>) (Aferontany). * ''[[Momordica charantia]]'' -- mafaibe, margôza, margôzy * ''[[Moringa oleifera]]'' -- anambo, anamorongo, ananaboringa, [[ananambo]], felikambo, felikamoranga, felinimorongovazaha, landihazo, moringa, morongo, morongy, soahazo (jm) * ''[[Moringa drouhardii]] --'' hazomalanga, maroseranana, marosirana (jm) * ''[[Mucuna pruriens]]'' DC. (Takilotra). * ''Muhlenbeckia platyclada'' Meisner. (Tavy Hasina). * ''Mundulea barclayi'' (Telfair) Viguier. (Fanamo I). * ''Mundulea pauciflora'' Baker. (Ranongoaka II). * ''Mundulea sericea'' (Will) Chevalier. (Fanamo II). * ''Mundulea suberosa'' Bentham. (Ranongoaka I). * ''[[Murdannia nudiflora]]'' (← ''Commelina nudiflora'') -- ahidimaño, andranahake, tsimativonoina (jm) * ''[[Musa paradisiaca]]'' -- akondro, batavia, fontsilahy, fontsy, hontsy, horita, katakata, kifapanonotsy, mavokely, otsy, tsienamboa * ''[[Musa sapientium]]'' Linné. (Akondro). * ''Mussaenda arcuata'' Poiret. (Tsantsambaitra / Tsikirity) * ''Mussaenda vestita'' Baker. (Fatora) * ''Myrica bojariana'' Baker. (Lakarano) ; * ''Myrica rugulosa'' Baillon. (Sorabatana). * ''Myrica spathulata'' Mirbel. (Sarindrahaika) ; * ''Myrothamnus moschatus'' Niedenzu. (Maharaoka). * ''Mystroxylon aethiopicum'' (Thunb.) Loesener (Fanazava II) '''Antokon-javamaniry voakasika''': ''[[Macaranga]] - [[Maerua]] - [[Maesa]] - [[Malva]] - [[Mangifera]] - [[Manihot]] - [[Marattia]] - [[Marchantia]] - [[Mariscus]] - [[Marsdenia]] - [[Mascarenhasia]] - [[Medinilla]] - [[Melaleuca]] - [[Melanthera]] - [[Melia (zavamaniry)|Melia]] - [[Melinis]] - [[Mentha]] - [[Mesanthemum]] - [[Micranthus]] - [[Micromeria]] - [[Micronychia]] - [[Mimosa]] - [[Mimulus]] - [[Mohria]] - [[Mollugo]] - [[Momordica]] - [[Moringa]] - [[Mucuna]] - [[Muhlenbeckia]] - [[Mundulea]] - [[Murdannia]] - [[Musa (zavamaniry)|Musa]] - [[Mussaenda]] - [[Myrica]] - [[Myrothamnus]] - [[Mystroxylon]]'' == N == [[Sary:Nasturtium_officinale_kz11.jpg|vignette|208x208px|Anandrano ([[Nasturtium officinale]])]] [[Sary:Plant_nicotiana_tabacum.jpg|vignette|312x312px|Lobaka, parakigasy, paraky, tambako ([[Nicotiana tabacum]])]] '''[[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#A|A]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#B|B]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#C|C]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#D|D]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#E|E]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#F|F]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#G|G]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#H|H]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#I|I]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#J|J]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#K|K]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#L|L]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#M|M]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#N|N]]- [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#O|O]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#P|P]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Q|Q]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#R|R]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#S|S]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#T|T]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#U|U]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#V|V]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#W|W]]- [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#X|X]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Y|Y]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Z|Z]]''' * ''Nasturtium barbareaeafolium'' Baker (Tomoa) * ''[[Nasturtium officinale]]'' R. Br. -- [[anandrano]] * ''Nastus borbonicus'' J.F. Gmelin (Volo) * ''Nauclea cuspidata'' Baker. (Voamalompangady) * ''Nelsonia campestris'' R. Brown (Sirasirakanify) * ''Nematostylis loranthoides'' Hook. (Maroatody) * ''[[Neobeguea mahafaliensis]]'' -- andipasy, andy, bemahova, handy, hazolava (jm) * ''Neotina isoneura'' (Radlk) Capuron. (Ody Fo) * ''[[Nepenthes madagascariensis]]'' Poir. (Berakotra). * ''[[Nephelium let-chi]]'' Camb. (Latosy) * ''Nephrolepis tuberosa'' (Bory) Prantl. (Kivainga) * ''Nesogenes glandulosus'' (sp) (Scott Elliot) Wildr. (Tamboronomby) * ''Neyraudia arundinacea'' (L.) Henrard (anc. ''arundo mad.'') (Fataka) * ''Nicandra physaloides'' Gaertner. (Gaboreda) * ''Nicholsonia barbata'' (Linné) De Candolle. (Vonjy). * ''Nicholsonia diversifolium'' Poiret. (Vonjy lahy). * ''[[Nicotiana tabacum]]'' Linné. -- bekira, dary, dobibika, dolibika, dorindobaka, fitsako, hitsiky, lobaka, maimbobe, parakigasy, paraky, paraky gasy, sata, tambako, tobaka, tombako, tsisata, tsitata * ''Nidorella chrysocoma'' DC (Angamay) * ''[[Noronhia]]'' spp. -- laitra, tsilaitra * ''Nuxia grandifolia'' Scott Elliot. (Lambinana Tambonaika) * ''Nuxia oppositifolia'' (Hochst) Bentham. (Lambinana (Btl)) * ''Nuxia pachyphylla'' Baker. (Hazongaga) * ''Nuxia verticillata'' Lamarck. (Lambinana (Aga)) * ''[[Nymphea stelleata]]'' Willd. ([[Voahirana|Tatamo]]) '''Antokon-javamaniry voakasika''': ''[[Nasturtium]] - [[Nastus]] - [[Nauclea]] - [[Nelsonia]] - [[Nematostylis]] - [[Neobeguea]] - [[Neotina]] - [[Nepenthaceae|Nepenthes]] - [[Nephelium]] - [[Nephrolepis]] - [[Nesogenes]] - [[Neyraudia]] - [[Nicandra]] - [[Nicholsonia]] - [[Nicotiana]] - [[Nidorella]] - [[Noronhia]] - [[Nuxia]] - [[Nymphea]]'' == O == [[Sary:Ocimum_gratissimum_(21913853081).jpg|vignette|Romba, rombabe, rombanakoho (''[[Ocimum gratissimum]]'')]] [[Sary:Hint_inciri_-_Indian_fig_-_Opuntia_ficus-indica_01.JPG|vignette|Raketa (''[[Opuntia ficus-indica]]'')]] '''[[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#A|A]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#B|B]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#C|C]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#D|D]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#E|E]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#F|F]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#G|G]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#H|H]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#I|I]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#J|J]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#K|K]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#L|L]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#M|M]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#N|N]]- [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#O|O]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#P|P]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Q|Q]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#R|R]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#S|S]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#T|T]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#U|U]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#V|V]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#W|W]]- [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#X|X]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Y|Y]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Z|Z]]''' * ''[[Ocimum canum]]'' Sims (Kirijana) -- karanzane, kirangay, kiranjay, kirijana, mampivehana, romba, rombakely, rombiromby, rombovola (jm) * ''[[Ocimum gratissimum]]'' Linné (← ''Ocimum guineense'') -- romba, rombabe, <u>romban' akoho</u>, romby (jm) * ''[[Ocimum suave]]'' na ''[[Ocimum gratissimum]]'' -- rombabe, romby * ''[[Olax lanceolata]]'' -- ambihotse, ambihotsy (jm) * ''Oldenlandia caffra'' Eyckl et Zeyh. (→ ''[[Cordylostigma virgatum]]'') (Ahibitsika) -- kimalomata, matoakely, rongonintany, tsipipika, voandrongonitany * ''Oldenlandia heynii'' Oliver. (Arintany) * ''Oliganthes pseudocentauropsis'' Humbert (Hazomboay) * ''Oncostemon'' sp. (Hazotohodahy) * ''[[Operculicarya decaryi]]'' -- japy, jaby (jm) * ''Ophicolea floribunda'' (Bojer) Perrier (Voalava) * ''Ophio glossum''. (Tokan-tsofina) * ''[[Opuntia ficus-indica]]'' Linné (Raketa) * ''Ottelia ulvae folia'' Buch (Lopatra) * ''[[Ouret lanata]]'' <small>(L.) Kuntze</small>) (← ''Aerva lanata'' <small>(L.) Juss</small>) -- anantarikomby, voalafotsy, volafotsy * ''Oxalis corniculata'' Linné. (Kimamy). * Antokon-javamaniry voakasika: ''[[Ocimum]] - [[Olax]] - [[Oldenlandia]] - [[Oliganthes]] - [[Oncostemon]] - [[Operculicarya]] - [[Ophicolea]] - [[Ophio]] - [[Opuntia]] - [[Ottelia]] - [[Oxalis]]'' == P == [[Sary:Pachypodium_brevicaule_107837097.jpg|vignette|279x279px|Sakarivombato (''[[Pachypodium brevicaule]]'')]] [[Sary:RIPerseaGratissima.jpg|vignette|336x336px|Zavôkà (''[[Persea gratissima]]'')]] '''[[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#A|A]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#B|B]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#C|C]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#D|D]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#E|E]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#F|F]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#G|G]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#H|H]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#I|I]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#J|J]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#K|K]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#L|L]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#M|M]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#N|N]]- [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#O|O]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#P|P]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Q|Q]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#R|R]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#S|S]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#T|T]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#U|U]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#V|V]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#W|W]]- [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#X|X]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Y|Y]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Z|Z]]''' * ''[[Pachypodium brevicaule]]'' Baker (Sakarivombato) * ''Pachytrophe dimepata'' Bureau. (Mahanoro lahy) * ''[[Paederia argentea]]'' A. Richard. (Kotrokantsina) * ''[[Paederia majungensis]]'' -- laingovahira, lengo, lengobe, lengomaimbo (jm) * ''[[Paederia thouarsiana]]'' ''--'' * ''[[Pandanus utilis]]'' <small>Bory</small>. (Vakoana). * '''''[[Parkinsonia aculeata]]'' -- (jm)''' * ''[[Passiflora stipulata]]'' Aublet. (Giranadela) * ''[[Paullinia pinnata]]'' L. -- famehivala, famevala, fany, kihosa, kiosa, marirana, masonombilahy, vahifamehivala, vahifitoaty, vahikony, vahimarinanga, vahimarirana, <u>vahy famehivala</u> (jm) * ''Pavonia bojeri'' Baker. (Hafotrakanga) * ''Pavonia urens'' Linné. (Tsontsona). * ''[[Pedilanthus tithymaloides]]'' (→ ''[[Euphorbia tithymaloides]]'') -- bôridira * ''Pellaea goudotii'' Kuntz var. ''compacta'' Bonaparte (Ampangavy) * ''Pellaea viridis'' (Forok) Prantl (Ampanganamalon'a) * ''Pentanisia veronicoides'' Baker. (Voalobotany) * ''[[Pentatropis nivalis]]'' -- tinaikibo (jm) * ''[[Pentopetia androsaemifolia]]'' Decaisne (Tandrokosy II) * ''Pentopetia androsaemifolia'' Decaisne (Vahitandrokosy) * ''Peperomia baronii'' Baker. (Toareny) * ''Peperomia'' sp. (Toareny vavy) * ''[[Perichlaena richardii]]'' <small>Baill</small>. -- malainkisaraka, tohonambay * ''[[Persea gratissima]]'' Gaert. ([[Zavôka|Zavoka]]). * ''Peucedanum capense'' Sonder. (Fanivapotsy) * ''Phaseolus'' sp. (Vahinondry). * ''Phellolophium madagascariensis'' Baker. (Tsileondroaho) * ''Philippia sp.'' (Anjavidy lahy, Kiringy, Kisia) * ''[[Phragmites australis]]'' (jereo ''[[Phragmites mauritianus]]'') -- bararata, katsaka, katsaoka, volotara (jm) * ''[[Phragmites mauritianus]]'' (jereo ''[[Phragmites australis]]'') -- bararata, katsaka, katsaoka, volotara (jm) * ''[[Phyllanthus amarus]]'' (jereo ''[[Phyllanthus niruri]]'') -- ambanivoa, anakatsotsy (jm) * ''[[Phyllanthus casticum]]'' -- faintina, hazontanalahy, hazontanty, hazotana, hazotanty, sagnira, taintona, tentina (jm) ** ''Phyllanthus casticum'' var. ''madagascariensis'' Leandri (Repika) * ''[[Phyllanthus decipiens]]'' <small>(Baillon) Muller d'Argovie</small> (Hazotanalahy) * ''[[Phyllanthus cf echinocarpa]]'' <small>Baker.</small> (Haga) * ''[[Phyllanthus niruri]]'' -- anakatsotsy (jm) * ''Phyllanthus nummulariaefolius'' Poiret (Rimorimo) * ''Phyllanthus sp.'' (Antilafoetra) * ''Phyllanthus sp.'' (Hazotana) * ''Phyllarton bojerianum'' DC (Zahana) * ''Phymatodes scolopendria'' (Burm) Ching. (Tsiampanga). * ''Physalis alkekengii''. (Kelimatoa) * ''[[Physalis peruviana]]'' Linné. (Voanantsindrana) * ''[[Physena madagascariensis]]'' Noronba ex Thouars (Resonjo) * ''Phytolacca abyssinica'' Jacquin. (Vahivoraka). * ''Phytolacca dodecandra'' l'Heritier. (Tambonoa II) * ''Phytolacca goudotii'' Briq. (Mandemoka * ''Pigeum africanum'' Hooker fils. (Sary * ''Pimpinella ebracteata'' Baker. (Aferontanimbohitra) * ''[[Piper cubeba]]'' Linné. (Betel marron) * ''[[Piper nigrum]]'' Linné. (Poivre) * ''[[Piper pyrifolium]]'' Vahl. (Tsiperifery) * ''[[Piper subpeltatum]]'' Willd. (Voanotonotra). * ''[[Pistia stratiotes]]'' Linné (Azafy na tsikafonkafona) * ''[[Pithecellobium dulce]]'' Bentham. -- kilimbazaha (jm); * ''Plantago tanalensis'' Baker. (Azafimbohitra). * ''Plectaneia elastica'' Jumelle et Perrier (Vahitsipilo) * ''[[Plectranthus amboinicus]]'' -- balisama, balsama (jm) * ''Plectranthus hoslundioides'' Scott Elliot (Felantanitely) * ''Plectranthus madagascariensis'' Benth (Farimaso) * ''Plectronia'' sp. (Tomenjana) * ''[[Pluchea bojeri]]'' -- famonty, famonto, famoty, samoty, samonty (jm) * ''[[Pluchea grevei]]'' -- famonty, famoty, samonta (jm) * ''[[Plumbago aphylla]]'' -- kifafalahy, kitohy, motimoty, tsibolo (jm) * ''[[Plumeria alba]]'' Linné (Frangipanier) * [[Plumeria rosea|''Plumeria'' ''rosea'']] Linné (Frangipanier) * ''[[Plumeria rubra]]'' -- (jm) * ''[[Poivrea coccinea]]'' DC (Halaitra) * ''[[Poivrea phaneropetala]]'' H. Perrier ([[Tamenaka (zavamaniry)|Tamenaka]]) * ''Polycline proteiformis'' H. Humbert (Jiramainty) * ''Polygonum lanigerum'' R. Br. (Tambonoa) * ''Polygonum senegalense'' Meisner. (Arivotaombelona) * ''Polyscias sp.'' (Hazotsora, Tsingatry) * ''Polystachia'' sp. (Valily lahy) * ''[[Portulaca oleracea]]'' L. -- anamatavy, ananjabora, botrabotra, fandrianomby, kalabotretra, <u>kalabotretraka</u>, kambo, kibotrabotra, taikombelahy, tsibotrabotra, tsikobokobondanitra (jm) * ''Potamogeton javanicus'' Hasskarl. (Somotra Hakàka). * ''Pothos chapelieri'' Scot (Ramatsatso I) * ''[[Prunus africana]]'' na ''[[Pygeum africanum]]'' -- paisoala, saripaiso * ''[[Psiadia altissima]]'' -- dingadinga, dingadingambazaha, dingadingana, dingandingana, mantavazana, rinarina, voaramonina * ''Psiadia angustifolia'' H. Humbert (Dingandahy) * ''Psiadia salviaefolia'' Baker (Kimalahogasy) * ''[[Psidium cattleyanum]]'' Sabine. ([[Goavy]] tsinahy) * ''[[Psidium guajava]]'' -- angavo, gavo, gavy, goava, goavy (jm) * ''[[Psidium pomiferum]]'' Linné. (Goavy fotsy) * ''Psorospermum androsaemifolium'' Baker (Tsifady II) * ''Psorospermum cerasifolium'' Baker (Hazomafaitra) * ''Psorospermum Fanerana'' Baker (Tsifady I) * ''Psorospermum sp.'' (Tsifady lahy) * ''Psychotria'' sp. (Voamasondrainibe) * ''Pterocolon decurrens'' S. Moore (Aniandro) * ''Pterocolon decurrens'' S. Moore (Parakinjirika) * ''[[Punica granatum]]'' Linné. (Ampongambendanitra) * ''Pycnoneurum junciforme'' Decaisne (Fokotohata) * ''Pycreus mundtii'' Nees. (Ahibita) * ''Pycreus polystachyus'' P. Beauvais * ''Pycreus sp.'' (Lohakoho) * ''[[Pygeum africanum]]'' (= ''[[Prunus africana]]'') * <u>''Pyracantha'' sp. ou ''Crataegus'' sp. (petites mandarines)</u> '''Antokon-javamaniry voakasika''': ''[[Pachypodium]] - [[Pachytrophe]] - [[Paederia]] - [[Pandanus]] - [[Parkinsonia]] - [[Passiflora]] - [[Paullinia]] - [[Pavonia]] - [[Pedilanthus]] - [[Pellaea]] - [[Pentanisia]] - [[Pentatropis]] - [[Pentopetia]] - [[Peperomia]] - [[Perichlaena]] - [[Persea]] - [[Peucedanum]] - [[Phaseolus]] - [[Phellolophium]] - [[Philippia]] - [[Phragmites]] - [[Phyllanthus]] - [[Phyllarton]] - [[Phymatodes]] - [[Physalis]] - [[Physena]] - [[Phytolacca]] - [[Pigeum]] - [[Pimpinella]] - [[Piper]] - [[Pistia stratiotes|Pistia]] - [[Pithecellobium]] - [[Plantago]] - [[Plectaneia]] - [[Plectranthu]] - [[Plectronia]] - [[Pluchea]] - [[Plumbago]] - [[Plumeria]] - [[Poivrea]] - [[Polycline]] - [[Polygonum]] - [[Polyscias]] - [[Polystachia]] - [[Portulaca]] - [[Potamogeton]] - [[Pothos]] - [[Prunus]] - [[Psiadia]] - [[Psidium]] - [[Psorospermum]] - [[Psychotria]] - [[Pterocolon]] - [[Punica]] - [[Pycnoneurum]] - [[Pycreus]] - [[Pygeum]] - [[Pyracantha]]'' == Q == [[Sary:Quassia_indica_30.JPG|vignette|230x230px|Bemafaitra, farafaka, fatraina, mangafoky, samandora (''[[Quassia indica]]'')]] '''[[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#A|A]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#B|B]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#C|C]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#D|D]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#E|E]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#F|F]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#G|G]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#H|H]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#I|I]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#J|J]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#K|K]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#L|L]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#M|M]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#N|N]]- [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#O|O]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#P|P]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Q|Q]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#R|R]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#S|S]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#T|T]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#U|U]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#V|V]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#W|W]]- [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#X|X]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Y|Y]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Z|Z]]''' * ''[[Quassia indica]]'' (na ''Samadera indica'') -- afatraiña, bemafaitra, bifetry, farafaka, fatraina, fatrain-drazana, mangafoky, menavoiny, samandora, simaroba * ''Quisqualis indica'' (→ ''[[Combretum indicum]]'') '''Antokon-javamaniry voakasika''': ''[[Quassia]]'' - ''[[Quisqualis]]'' == R == [[Sary:Ricinus_communis_Rącznik_pospolity_2024-01-20_Malaga_02.jpg|vignette|277x277px|Kinana (''[[Ricinus communis]]'')]] '''[[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#A|A]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#B|B]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#C|C]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#D|D]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#E|E]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#F|F]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#G|G]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#H|H]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#I|I]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#J|J]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#K|K]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#L|L]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#M|M]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#N|N]]- [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#O|O]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#P|P]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Q|Q]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#R|R]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#S|S]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#T|T]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#U|U]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#V|V]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#W|W]]- [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#X|X]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Y|Y]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Z|Z]]''' * ''Radamaea montana'' Benth. (Tambarasaha) * ''Ranunculus pinnatus'' Poiret. (Afontany) * ''Ravensara aromatica'' → ''[[Cryptocarya agathophylla]]'' * ''Ravensara ovalifolia'' <small>Danguy</small> → ''[[Cryptocarya ovalifolia]]'' <small>(Danguy) van der Werff</small> -- (Molaliambo) * ''Reissantia angustipetala'' (H. Perrier) N. Hallé (Anc. ''Hippocratea'') (Fanolehana I) * ''Rhodocodon madagascariensis'' Baker. (Tongolontotozy) * ''Rhodosepala pauciflora'' Baker. (Tamborokisoa) * ''[[Rhopalocarpus lucidus]]'' -- hazondrenetsy, hazondrengetsy, hazondringitra, rengitra, rengitrabe, talafotsy, talafoty, taolafoty (jm) * ''[[Ricinus communis]]'' Linné -- fampinonoana, kimanga, kinamena, <u>kinana</u>, kinanamena, mangarahana, tanantanamanga, tanatana, tanatanamanga, tanatanamena, tanatanankisoa, tseroka (jm) * ''[[Rubus apetalus]]'' Poiret. (Roifotsy) * ''[[Rubus pauciflorus]]'' Baker. (Roimainty II) * ''[[Rubus rosaefolius]]'' (Linné) Baker. (Voaroitsaka). * ''Rumex bequaertii'' de Wildemann. (Bolela) '''Antokon-javamaniry voakasika''': ''[[Radamaea]] - [[Ranunculus]] - [[Ravensara]] - [[Reissantia]] - [[Rhodocodon]] - [[Rhodosepala]] - [[Rhopalocarpus]] - [[Ricinus]] - [[Rubus]] - [[Rumex]]'' == S == '''[[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#A|A]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#B|B]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#C|C]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#D|D]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#E|E]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#F|F]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#G|G]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#H|H]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#I|I]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#J|J]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#K|K]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#L|L]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#M|M]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#N|N]]- [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#O|O]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#P|P]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Q|Q]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#R|R]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#S|S]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#T|T]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#U|U]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#V|V]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#W|W]]- [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#X|X]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Y|Y]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Z|Z]]''' [[Sary:Syzygium_aromaticum_on_tree.jpg|vignette|Jirofo, karafoy (''[[Syzygium aromaticum]]'')]] * ''Sabaea brachyphylla'' Grisebach (Tsakomanta lahy) * ''Sabicea diversifolia'' Persoon. (Sefa) * ''[[Saccharum officinarum]]'' -- andrefo, farimainty, farimanga, fary, fia-pary, fisika, lailay, lengompary, mavotohona, ongompare (jm) * ''Salix madagascariensis'' Baker. (Siho). * ''[[Salvadora angustifolia]]'' Turill. -- sasavy, tanisy, tsingilo (jm) * ''[[Salvia coccinea]]'' Linné (Romba madinika) * ''Salvia cryptoclada'' Baker (Kanda II) * ''[[Samanea saman]]'' (← ''Albizia saman'' ) * ''Sarcobotrya stringosa'' (Benth) R. Viguier. (Voavoananakova). * ''Satyrium'' sp. et ''Cynorchis'' sp. (Voatadidy). * ''Schefflera bojeri'' (Seeman) Viguier (Alomanaka) * ''Schefflera helleana'' Bernadi (Tsingila) * ''Schefflera longepedicellata'' (Lecomte) Bernadi (Felatanamanahary) * ''Scleria griegifolia'' (Riedley) Raynal (Kirindrambohitra, Kirindrandrano, Ravindahasa) * ''[[Sclerocarya birrea]]'' -- sakoa, sakoana, voankatsoa ** ''Sclerocarya birrea'' subs. ''caffra'' (←''Sclerocarya caffra'' ← ''Poupartia caffra'') -- sakoa, sakoana, voankatsoa (jm) * ''[[Scoparia dulcis]]'' L. -- fafatsambo, famafa, famafampanavy, famafampaniry, famafasambo, famafatsambo, hazomamosarikasy, hazomamy, jamalanjirika, tsianjiajia, tsijiajia, tsinjiajia (jm) * ''Secamone glaberrima'' (K. Sch) Choux (Vahimena) * ''Secamone tenuifolia'' (Kindrono, Sanatry) * ''Selaginella fissidentoides''. (Tanantrandraka II). * ''Selago muralis'' Linné. (Manahahàha) * ''Senebiera didyma'' Pers. (Tsingita) * ''Senecio ambositrensis'' Humbert (Hanindraisoanampondra) * ''Senecio canaliculatus'' Bojer ex DC (Kelimavítrika) * ''Senecio cochlearifolius'' Bojer ex DC (Anjevy) * ''Senecio decaryi'' Humbert (Rambontsoavaly II) * ''Senecio faujasioides'' Linné (Kimamboiboy) * ''Senecio hildebrandtii'' Baker (Rambontsoavaly I) * ''Senecio longiscapus'' Bojer ex DC (Menavitrana) * ''Senecio multibracreatus'' Bak (Angeambohitra) * ''Senecio resectus'' Bojer ex DC (Ahipanala) * ''Senecio vittarifolius'' Bojer in DC (Anantsongontany) * ''[[Senegalia rovumae]]'') (← ''Acacia morondavensis'' <small>Viguier</small>.) -- roibontsy, rohibontsy, robontsy, roinosy * ''[[Senna alata]]'' (← ''Cassia alata'') -- anjananjana (jm) * ''Senna fistula'' (← ''Cassia fistula'') * ''[[Senna occidentalis]]'' <small>Sond</small> (← ''Cassia occidentalis'') (Tsotsoranagatra) (rm)-''-'' sagnatrindolo, sanatrindolo, saringoazy, tsatsinangatra, tsirokinangatra, tsirorokanangatra, tsorokanangatra, tsororangatra, tsotsorinangatra, vantsiraokonangatra, voanembanalika, voanembanamboa, voanjary, voantsiraokonangatra, voantsirokinimaro, voantsiroko, voantsorokanangatra, voatsokonangatra, vonjara (jm) * ''Sepramacoce ocymoides'' <small>Burman</small>. (Ambotona) * ''Sesamum indicum'' <small>DC</small>. (Voanaho). * ''[[Sesbania madagascarensis]]'' -- katsakatsa (jm) * ''Sesbania rostrata'' (←''Sesbania punctata'' DC.) (). -- fanaravoana, katsakatsaka, kintsakintsana, manjato, velonasara * ''[[Sida parvifolia]]'' DC. (Mandravasarotra vavy) * ''Sida spinosa'' ''-''- mandravasarotra (jm) * ''[[Sida urens]]'' Linné. (Satrikoefamaratra / Sindahoro) * ''Siegesbeckia abyssinica'' Olivier (Kiravita) * ''[[Siegesbeckia orientalis]]'' Linné -- <u>ditinangatra</u>, <u>Fanisindoloratsy</u>, mandalodiaraikitra, satrikoazamaratra, satrikoefamaratra, tsivadihana * ''Smilax kraussiana'' Meiss. (Fandrikibodisy). * ''Smithia chamaechrista'' Benth. (Fanivamena). * ''[[Solanum aethiopicum]]'' -- * ''[[Solanum americanum]]'' -- amelo, anamamy, anantsatria, anantsindrana, avaizo, bemine, mailo, melo (jm) * ''Solanum auricula tum'' Ait. (Sevabe) * ''Solanum erythracantum'' Baker. (Sakaifantsinakohoy) * ''Solanum indicum'' Linné. (Voampoana / Voanatindrana) * ''Solanum nigrum'' Linné. (Anamafaika / Anamamy) * ''Solanum nodiflorum'' jacquin. (Anamamy) * ''Solanum'' sp. (Voanjomora) * ''Sonchus oleraceus'' L. (Anamboraka) * ''Sparmannia discolor'' Baker. (Fantsimbala III) * ''Sphenomeris chusanae''. (Kondrehitra) * ''Spilanthes oleracea'' Jacq (Anamalao) * ''Sporobolus africanus'' (Poiret) Robyns et Tournay (Fandrotrarana) * ''Stachys sp.'' (Gaga) * ''Stachytarpheta jamaicensis'' L. Vahl. (Ananomby) * ''Stachytarpheta jamaicensis'' Vahl. (Tsipotina) * ''Stenocline inuloides'' DC (Tsitakombohitra) * ''Stenotaphrum dimidiatum'' Brong. (Ahipisaka) * ''Sticherus flagellaris'' St John. (Ringotra) * ''Strongylodon'' sp. (Vahitsaramaso). * ''Strychnos diploricha'' Leeuwenberg. (Betady) * ''Symphonia sp.'' (Somoronamboa) * ''[[Jirofo (zavamaniry)|Syzygium aromaticum]]'' -- jirofo na karafoy '''Antokon-javamaniry voakasika''': ''[[Sabaea]] - [[Saccharum]] - [[Salix]] - [[Salvadora]] - [[Salvia]] - [[Samadera]] - [[Sarcobotrya]] - [[Satyrium]] - [[Schefflera]] - [[Scleria]] - [[Sclerocarya]] - [[Scoparia]] - [[Secamone]] - [[Selaginella]] - [[Selago]] - [[Senebiera]] - [[Senecio]] - [[Senna]] - [[Sepramacoce]] - [[Sesamum]] - [[Sesbania]] - [[Sida (zavamaniry)|Sida]] - [[Siegesbeckia]] - [[Smilax]] - [[Smithia]] - [[Solanum]] - [[Sparmannia]] - [[Sphenomeris]] - [[Spilanthes]] - [[Sporobolus]] - [[Stachys]] - [[Stachytarpheta]] - [[Stenocline]] - [[Stenotaphrum]] - [[Sticherus]] - [[Strongylodon]] - [[Strychnos]] - [[Symphonia (zavamaniry)|Symphonia]] - [[Syzygium]]'' == T == [[Sary:Tamarindus_indica_-_mmr.jpg|vignette|373x373px|Dilo, kily, madiro (''[[Tamarindus indica]]'')]] [[Sary:Tridax_procumbens_252740558.jpg|vignette|208x208px|Angamay, angea (''[[Tridax procumbens]]'')]] '''[[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#A|A]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#B|B]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#C|C]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#D|D]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#E|E]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#F|F]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#G|G]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#H|H]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#I|I]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#J|J]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#K|K]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#L|L]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#M|M]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#N|N]]- [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#O|O]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#P|P]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Q|Q]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#R|R]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#S|S]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#T|T]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#U|U]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#V|V]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#W|W]]- [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#X|X]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Y|Y]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Z|Z]]''' * ''[[Tacca leontopetaloides]]'' -- maronkony * ''Tacca pinnatifida'' Forst. (Tavolo). * ''Tachiadenus carinatus'' Grisebach (Felamanga) * ''Tachiadenus longiflorus'' Grisebach (Malanilava) * ''Tagetes erecta'' Linné (Kiranjany) * ''[[Tamarindus indica]]'' Linné -- dilo, diro, kile, kililo, kily, lilo, madilo, madiro, monte, monty, voamadilo, voamatony, voamatory (jm) * ''Tambourissa parvifolia'' Baker. (Ambora lahy) * ''Tambourissa purpurea'' ADC. (Amboramavo vavy). * ''Taraxacum officinale'' Web (Ananangisa) * ''Tephrosia humberti'' N. Dumaz. (Voatelinondry vavy). * ''Tephrosia linearis'' Pers. (Manaribe). * ''Tephrosia lyallii'' Baker. (Fokongaga). * ''[[Tephrosia pungens]]'' -- taivositse (jm) * ''Tephrosia retamoides'' Solederer. (Kifafalahy). * ''[[Terminalia mantaly]]'' H. Perr (→? ''Terminalia neotaliala'') -- mantalia, mantaliala, mantaly, talio, taly, tsihazo (jm) * ''Tetracera rutenbergii'' Buch. (Vahy marâna) * ''Tetradenia fruticosa'' Benth (Bororona) * ''Tetradenia hildebrandtii'' Briquet (Bororona manala ratsy) * ''[[Tetraena madagascariensis]]'' -- filatatao (jm) * ''Thunbergia leucorhiza'' R. Benoist (Vahimavana) * ''Thunbergia platyphylla'' Baker (Voakerépoka, Voanjomanga an-tanety) * ''[[Toddalia asiatica]]'' Lamarck. (Kasimba) * ''Toneria pedunculari-formis'' Bonati. (Kimataho Lahy) * ''Torenia parviflora'' Buch. Hamilt. (Ananotsy) * ''Torenia stolonifera'' Bojer. (Tsakomanta) * ''[[Tragia furialis]]'' Bojer (Takilo-dambo) * ''Trema commersonii'' Blume (Vakoka) * ''[[Trema orientalis]]'' Blume''.'' ''--'' andraraizina, andrareza, andrarezina, andrarezo, angesoba, angezoka, hazongazona, ilaibaratra, selivaratsy, tsivakimbaratra, <u>vakoka</u> (jm) * ''[[Tridax procumbens]]'' L. -- angamay, angea (mj) * ''Tristemma virusanum'' Jussieu. (Voatrotrokala). * ''Triumphetta rhomboidea''. (Hafotsokina II) * ''Tueraea sericea'' Smith. (Lafara) * ''Tueraea sericea'' Smith. (Lafara) * ''[[Typha angustifolia]]'' Linné. (Kivondrona). * ''Typhonodorum lildleyanum'' Schott (Viha) '''Antokon-javamaniry voakasika''': ''[[Tacca]] - [[Tachiadenus]] - [[Tagetes]] - [[Tamarindus indica|Tamarindus]] - [[Tambourissa]] - [[Taraxacum]] - [[Tephrosia]] - [[Terminalia]] - [[Tetracera]] - [[Tetradenia]] - [[Tetraena]] - [[Thunbergia]] - [[Toddalia]] - [[Toneria]] - [[Tragia]] - [[Trema]] - [[Tridax]] - [[Tristemma]] - [[Triumphetta]] - [[Tueraea]] - [[Typha]] - [[Typhonodorum]]'' == U == '''[[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#A|A]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#B|B]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#C|C]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#D|D]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#E|E]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#F|F]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#G|G]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#H|H]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#I|I]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#J|J]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#K|K]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#L|L]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#M|M]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#N|N]]- [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#O|O]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#P|P]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Q|Q]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#R|R]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#S|S]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#T|T]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#U|U]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#V|V]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#W|W]]- [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#X|X]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Y|Y]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Z|Z]]''' * ''[[Uapaca bojeri]]'' Baillon -- hazondandy, <u>tapia</u>, voampaka, voatapia * ''[[Uncarina stellulifera]]'' -- farehetse, farehetsy, farehitsy, * ''Urera acuminata'' Gaudichaud. (Miandambo). * ''Usnea'' sp. (Lomotra hazo). * ''Uvaria acuminata'' var. ''catocarpa'' (Diles) Cavaco (Senaseria) '''Antokon-javamaniry voakasika''': ''[[Uapaca]] - [[Uncarina]] - [[Urera]] - [[Uvaria]]'' == V == [[Sary:Voacanga_thouarsii-fruit-2.jpg|vignette|206x206px|Folitra, kaboka, kanga, montafara, montaka, voakanga (''[[Voacanga thouarsii]]'')]] '''[[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#A|A]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#B|B]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#C|C]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#D|D]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#E|E]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#F|F]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#G|G]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#H|H]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#I|I]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#J|J]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#K|K]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#L|L]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#M|M]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#N|N]]- [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#O|O]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#P|P]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Q|Q]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#R|R]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#S|S]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#T|T]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#U|U]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#V|V]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#W|W]]- [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#X|X]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Y|Y]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Z|Z]]''' * ''Vaccinium secundiflorum'' Hook. (Voamantsitainakoho, voatsitakajaza) * ''[[Vachellia farnesiana]]'' (← ''Acacia farnesiana'' <small>DC.</small> ) -- famahatra, tsorofotra, * ''[[Vanilla decaryana]]'' -- amalo, vaitranamalona (jm) * ''Vaucheria sesselis'' DC (Lomo-drano) * ''Vepris fitoravina'' H. Perr. (Ampody fitoravina) * ''Vepris nitida'' Verdoorn. (Ampody vato) * ''[[Vernonia alleizettes]]'' Humbert (Ambiaty lahy) * ''Vernonia appendiculata'' Less (→ ''[[Gymnanthemum appendiculatum]]'') -- <u>ambiaty</u> * ''[[Vernonia capitata]]'' Baker (Kijelajahy) * ''[[Vernonia cinerea]]'' Less (Ramiary I) * ''[[Vernonia diversifolia]]'' Bojer ex DC (Tsiatosika) * ''[[Vernonia erythromarula]]'' Klatt (Lahimena II) * ''[[Vernonia garnieriana]]'' Klatt (Hazomavo) * ''[[Vernonia garnieriana]]'' Klatt (Pela Lahy) * ''[[Vernonia glutinosa]]'' DC (Kanda) * ''[[Vernonia nudicaulis]]'' Lers (Lahimena I) * ''[[Vernonia pectorali]]<nowiki/>s'' Baker (Sakatavilotra) * ''[[Vernonia polygalaefolia]]'' Lessing (Ramanjoko) * ''[[Vernonia pratensis]]'' Klatt (Anambohitra I) * [[Vernonia secundifolia|''Vernonia secundifolia'' var. ''dolicholepis'']] Humbert (Masimposaina) * ''[[Vernonia]] sp.'' (Reniomby) * ''[[Vernonia trinervis]]'' (Bojer ex DC) Drake (Anambohitra II) * ''[[Vigna angivensis]]'' Baker. (Avoko). * ''[[Vigna capensis]]'' Walpig. (Masontantely). * ''[[Vitex betsiliensis]]'' Humbert. (Sevambato) * ''[[Voacanga thouarsii]]'' -- akanga, akangahazo, akangarano, akangatsimangolonanaka, folitra, haboka, kabodrano, kaboka, kabokankoraka, kaboke, kanga, kangarano, kapoka, koraka, montafara, montaka, voakanga, voakangarano '''Antokon-javamaniry voakasika''': ''[[Vaccinium]] - [[Vanilla]] - [[Vaucheria]] - [[Vepris]] - [[Vernonia]] - [[Vigna]] - [[Vitex]] - [[Voacanga]]'' == W == [[Sary:Wahlenbergia_undulata_1DS-II_4-0855.jpg|vignette|232x232px|Sofintotozy (''[[Wahlenbergia undulata]]'')]] '''[[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#A|A]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#B|B]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#C|C]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#D|D]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#E|E]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#F|F]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#G|G]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#H|H]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#I|I]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#J|J]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#K|K]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#L|L]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#M|M]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#N|N]]- [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#O|O]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#P|P]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Q|Q]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#R|R]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#S|S]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#T|T]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#U|U]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#V|V]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#W|W]]- [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#X|X]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Y|Y]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Z|Z]]''' * ''[[Walhenbergia madagascariensis]]'' ADC (Sofintotozy) * ''[[Wahlenbergia undulata]]'' (←''Wahlenbergia bojeri'' ADC) (Anantahalaka II lahy) * ''Wedelia elongata'' Vatke (Kijitina) * ''[[Weinmannia bojeriana]]'' <small>Tulasne</small> (Sokia) * ''[[Weinmannia lucens]]'' <small>Baker</small> (Lalona) * ''[[Woodfordia fructicosa]]'' <small>(L) S. Kurtz.</small> (←''Woodfordia floribunda'' L. Kurtz.) ''--'' arify, lambohenjana '''Antokon-javamaniry voakasika''': ''[[Walhenbergia]] - [[Wedelia]] - [[Weinmannia]] - [[Woodfordia]]'' == X == [[Sary:Xerosicyos_danguyi_18547418.jpg|vignette|215x215px|Takisakisaka, tapisaka (''[[Xerosicyos danguyi]]'')]] '''[[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#A|A]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#B|B]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#C|C]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#D|D]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#E|E]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#F|F]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#G|G]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#H|H]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#I|I]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#J|J]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#K|K]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#L|L]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#M|M]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#N|N]]- [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#O|O]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#P|P]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Q|Q]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#R|R]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#S|S]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#T|T]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#U|U]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#V|V]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#W|W]]- [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#X|X]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Y|Y]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Z|Z]]''' * ''[[Xerochlamys pilosa]]'' <small>Baker</small> (Laro) * ''[[Xerosicyos danguyi]]'' -- kitsakitsakoba, takisakisaka, tapisaka, taposaka (jm) * ''[[Xyris semifuscata]]'' <small>Bojer</small>. (Sorobatritra) '''Antokon-javamaniry voakasika''': ''[[Xerochlamys]] - [[Xerosicyos]] - [[Xyris]]'' == Y == [[Sary:Youngja_japonica2.jpg|vignette|212x212px|''[[Youngia japonica]]'']] '''[[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#A|A]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#B|B]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#C|C]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#D|D]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#E|E]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#F|F]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#G|G]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#H|H]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#I|I]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#J|J]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#K|K]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#L|L]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#M|M]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#N|N]]- [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#O|O]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#P|P]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Q|Q]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#R|R]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#S|S]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#T|T]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#U|U]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#V|V]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#W|W]]- [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#X|X]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Y|Y]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Z|Z]]''' * ''[[Youngia japonica]]'' * ''[[Yushania madagascariensis]]'' '''Antokon-javamaniry voakasika''': ''[[Youngia]] - [[Yushania]]'' == Z == [[Sary:Zingiber_officinale_230935597.jpg|vignette|206x206px|Sakaitany, sakamalao, sakarivo, sakaviro (''[[Sakamalao|Zingiber officinale]]'')]] [[Sary:Ziziphus_jujuba,_Santa_Coloma_de_Farners.jpg|vignette|208x208px|Mokonazy, tsinefo (''[[Ziziphus jujuba]]'')]] '''[[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#A|A]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#B|B]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#C|C]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#D|D]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#E|E]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#F|F]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#G|G]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#H|H]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#I|I]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#J|J]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#K|K]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#L|L]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#M|M]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#N|N]]- [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#O|O]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#P|P]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Q|Q]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#R|R]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#S|S]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#T|T]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#U|U]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#V|V]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#W|W]]- [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#X|X]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Y|Y]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Z|Z]]''' * ''[[Zanthoxylum decaryi]]'' -- manago, manongo, manongovola, manongovolo (jm) * ''[[Zanthoxylum madagascariense]]'' Baker. -- <u>fahavalonkazo</u>, <u>hazomiarotena</u>, manongo, tsihanimpoza * ''[[Zanthoxylum mananarense]]'' -- vohantsilana * ''[[Zanthoxylum thouvenotii]]'' -- tsihanimpotsy, tsihanimpoza, tsilompoza * ''[[Zanthoxylum tsihanimposa]]'' -- manongo, tsihanimpoza * ''[[Zea mays]]'' -- baby, batribatry, karanange, katsabato, katsabotso, katsaka, kipotsika, sako, tsako, tsakotsako, tsatsako (jm) * ''[[Zehneria perrieri]]'' (Baker) Keraudren (voantangonala) * ''[[Zehneria rutenbergiana]]'' (Cogniaux) Keraudren (voantangondolo) * ''[[Sakamalao|Zingiber officinale]] -''- sakaitany, sakamalao, sakamalaokely, sakarivo, sakaviro * ''[[Zingiber zerumbet]]'' L. (sakarivondambo) * ''[[Ziziphus jujuba]]'' Lamarck. (mokonazy). * ''[[Ziziphus mauritiana]]'' (jereo koa ''[[Ziziphus jujuba]]'') -- tsinefo (mj) * ''[[Zornia diphylla]]'' Pers''.'' (famahipaihana) '''Antokon-javamaniry voakasika''': ''[[Zanthoxylum]] - [[Zea]] - [[Zehneria]] - [[Zingiber]] - [[Ziziphus]] - [[Zornia]]'' [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#A|'''A''']] '''- [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#B|B]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#C|C]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#D|D]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#E|E]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#F|F]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#G|G]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#H|H]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#I|I]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#J|J]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#K|K]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#L|L]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#M|M]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#N|N]]- [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#O|O]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#P|P]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Q|Q]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#R|R]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#S|S]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#T|T]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#U|U]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#V|V]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#W|W]]- [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#X|X]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Y|Y]] - [[Lisitry ny karazan-javamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara#Z|Z]]''' == Jereo koa == * [[Zavamaniry eto Madagasikara]] * [[Zavamaniry fanao fanafody]] * [[Tambavy]] * [[Jardins du monde]] * [[Institut Malgache de Recherches Appliquées]] (IMRA) * [[Centre National de Recherche d'Application Pharmaceutique]] (CNARP) * [[Valan-javamaniry amam-bibin' i Tsimbazaza|Parc Botanique et Zoologique de Tsimbazaza]] (PBZT) * [[Lisitry ny anaran-javamaniry fanao fanafody amin' ny teny malagasy]] * [[Lisitry ny hazo fihinam-boa eto Madagasikara]] * [[Lisitry ny anaram-boankazo fihinana amin' ny teny malagasy]] * [[Zavamaniry fanao fanafody eto Madagasikara]] == Fanovozan-kevitra == * Alex Maminiaina Andrianavalonirina & Voahangy Vestalys Ramanandraibe, ''[https://www.google.com/search?q=Alex+Maminiaina+Andrianavalonirina+%26+Voahangy+Vestalys+Ramanandraibe%2C+%C3%89tude+ethnobotanique+des+plantes+m%C3%A9dicinales+du+district+d%E2%80%99Antanifotsy%2C+r%C3%A9gion+de+Vakinankaratra&oq=Alex+Maminiaina+Andrianavalonirina+%26+Voahangy+Vestalys+Ramanandraibe%2C+%C3%89tude+ethnobotanique+des+plantes+m%C3%A9dicinales+du+district+d%E2%80%99Antanifotsy%2C+r%C3%A9gion+de+Vakinankaratra&gs_lcrp=EgZjaHJvbWUyBggAEEUYOdIBCDM3MzRqMGo5qAIAsAIB&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8 Étude ethnobotanique des plantes médicinales du district d’Antanifotsy, région de Vakinankaratra]'', 2023 * ''[https://publication.lecames.org/index.php/pharm/issue/view/151 Pharmacopée et Médecine Traditionnelle Africaine]'', vol. 22, n°1, 2023. * Allorge, L. (2008). ''[https://www.jardinsdumonde.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/130812-Manuel-JDM-Mada_CORRIGE_V3.pdf Plantes de Madagascar, Atlas]''. Éditions Ulmer. * Beaujard, P. (1983). ''[https://www.persee.fr/doc/hom_0439-4216_1984_num_24_3_368524 Princes et paysans. Les tanala de l'Ikongo]'' * Beaujard, P. (1988). ''Plantes et dualisme de nature : La pharmacopée malgache''. In: ''Nouvelles de'' l'archéologie. * Boiteau, P. (1986). ''[https://fr.scribd.com/document/658620430/Precis-de-Matiere-Medicale-Malgache-P-Boiteau Précis de matière médicale malgache]''. Édition de la Librairie de Madagascar. * Boiteau, P. et Allorge-Boiteau, L. (1993). ''[https://books.google.mg/books/about/Plantes_m%C3%A9dicinales_de_Madagascar.html?hl=fr&id=zDVtAzN-A9YC&redir_esc=y Plantes médicinales de Madagascar]''. Éditions Karthala,1 janv. 1993 - 135 p * Debray, M., Jacquemin, H. & Razafindrambaon, ''[https://www.persee.fr/doc/caoum_0373-5834_1974_num_27_106_4512_t1_0206_0000_2 Contribution à l'iventaire des plantes médicinales de Madagascar]'', [[ORSTOM]], Travaux et Documents n° 8, 1971. * Debray, M., "[https://www.ethnopharmacologia.org/prelude2020/pdf/biblio-hd-28-debray.pdf Médecine et pharmacopée traditionnelles à Madagascar]"'', Études Médicales,'' 1975 * Descheemaeker, A. (2021). ''[https://search.worldcat.org/fr/title/32971526 Ravi-maitso, plantes médicinales malgaches]''. Réédité par le Musée de la Photographie de Madagascar. * Heckel, E. (1910). "[https://agris.fao.org/search/en/providers/122535/records/65de11320f3e94b9e5ca3ce8 Catalogue alphabétique des plantes utiles et en particulier des plantes médicinales et toxiques de Madagascar]", ''Annales du Musée Colonial de Marseille''. * Jean Pierre Nicolas, ''[https://www.jardinsdumonde.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/Plante-m%C3%A9dicinale-du-nord-de-madagascar.pdf Plantes médicinales du Nord de Madagascar : ethnobotanique antakarana et informations scientifiques]'', Éditions [[Jardins du monde|Jardins du Monde]], 2012, 296 p. * Jardins du monde, ''[https://www.jardinsdumonde.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/Manuel-Sante-Jardins-du-Monde-Version-web.pdf Manuel d’utilisation des plantes médicinales du nord de Madagascar version française]'', * Jardins du monde, ''[https://www.jardinsdumonde.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/Formation-recolte-sechage-et-conditionnement-des-plantes-medicinales-version-web.pdf Livret  récolte séchage et conditionnement des plantes médicinales – version malgache]'', * Jardins du monde, ''[https://www.jardinsdumonde.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/2025-HT-diabete-MST.pdf Livret  Hypertension, Diabète et MST – version malgache]'', * Jardins du monde, ''[https://www.jardinsdumonde.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/Les-plantes-m%C3%A9dicinales-de-la-r%C3%A9gion-nord-de-Madagascar-ethnobotanique-ethnopharmacologie.pdf Plantes médicinales de la région Nord de Madagascar] —'' Ethnobotanique et ethnopharmacologie, 2005. * Jean-Baptiste Gallé, Allison Ledoux, Sophie Groeber, Jean-Pierre Nicolas 2014. ''[https://www.jardinsdumonde.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/Livret_PMSOM_Version_site.pdf Quelques plantes employées dans le Sud Ouest de Madagascar].'' Éditions [[Jardins du monde|Jardins du Monde]], Brasparts, 165 p. * L'Homme et l'Environnement (2011). ''[http://www.agriculture-biodiversite-oi.org/en/Library/Books/Inventaire-des-plantes-medicinales-de-Vohimana-Madagascar Inventaire des plantes médicinales de Vohimana Madagascar]''. Éditions Phyto-logic. * Nicolas, J.-P. (2012). ''[https://www.ethnopharmacologia.org/prelude2020/pdf/biblio-hn-42-nicolas.pdf Plantes médicinales du Nord de Madagascar : Ethnobotanique et automédication]''. Éditions [[Jardins du monde|Jardins du Monde]]. * Nicolas, J.-P. et Jardins du Monde (2012). ''Plantes médicinales du Nord de Madagascar : Une approche ethnopharmacologique''. * Novy, J. W. (1997). ''Spices of life: Ethnobotany and medicinal properties of Madagascar's floristic diversity''. In: ''Natural Change and Human Impact in Madagascar''. Smithsonian Institution Press. * Pernet, R. (1957). ''[https://www.arsie.mg/fr/metadata/les-plantes-medicinales-malgaches-catalogue-de-nos-connaissances-chimiques-et--529058/edit Les plantes médicinales malgaches : Catalogue de nos connaissances chimiques et pharmacologiques]''. Mémoires de l'Institut Scientifique de Madagascar. * Pierre Boiteau & Lucile Allorge-Boiteau, ''Plantes médicinales de Madagascar,'' Éditions ACCT / Karthala, 1993, 135 p. * Pierre Boiteau, Marc Boiteau & Lucile Allorge-Boiteau, ''Index des noms scientifiques avec leurs équivalents malgaches'', Alzieu Éditions, 1997. * Pierre Boiteau, ''Précis de matière médicale malgache,'' 2e édition, ACCT, 1986. * ''Plantes médicinales du Sud-Ouest de Madagascar,'' Ethnobotanika / [[Jardins du monde|Jardins du Monde]], 2015. * Quansah, N. (1988). ''Ethnomedicine in the Manongarivo Special Reserve''. WWF/UNESCO. * Rabesa, Z. A. (1986). ''[https://www.sudoc.abes.fr/cbs/DB=2.1/SRCH?IKT=12&TRM=097787353 Pharmacopée de l'Alaotra]''. * Randrianarivelo, R. (2015). ''Étude de l'activité antimicrobienne d'une plante endémique de Madagascar : [[Cinnamosma fragrans]]''. Thèse de doctorat, Université d'Antananarivo. * Rasoanaivo, P., et al. (1992). ''Medicinal plants used to treat malaria in Madagascar''. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. * ''Santé de la famille et plantes médicinales à Madagascar'', Ethnobotanika, 2013. * Manuel pratique destiné à la santé communautaire et à l’usage familial des plantes médicinales. * Sophie Groeber, Nina Joé Maka, Jean-Pierre Nicolas et al., 2013., ''[https://www.jardinsdumonde.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/1306-Kobaby-Histoires-illustrees-usage-des-plantes-medicinales-Madagascar.pdf Kobaby : histoires illustrées sur l’usage des plantes médicinales de Madagascar]'', Éditions [[Jardins du monde|Jardins du Monde]]. * Verohanitra Rafidison et al. ''Synthèse et analyse de données sur les inventaires de plantes médicinales de Madagascar - Ethnobotany Research and Applications'', 2019. == Loharano == ao4cojq9rtqqhwlqml0205ooht2ywye 0 302516 1152505 1152457 2026-10-25T01:58:45Z Mikoriana 40064 1152505 wikitext text/x-wiki Pôeta Malagasy tena navitrika teo anelanelan'ny taona 2015 hatramin'ny 2026. Nanome lanja ny kolontsaina sihanaka tao anaty asa sorany izy.<ref>Gazety Taratra</ref> '''Anarany feno''' : Rakotondramanana Hasina Vahela Michel<ref>Ferapara</ref> '''Solon'anarana''' : Vahela Osiar '''Rainy''' : Narison '''Reniny''' : Rabenjarimanana Coloribe Michelange '''Daty nahaterahana''' : 1993 '''Daty nahafatesana''' : 22 Oktobra 2026 [https://poetawebs.neocities.org/Lahatsoratra/vahelalahimatoa] '''Vadiny''' : H. Hervanintsoa Holy '''Zanany''' : Hasina Vahela Michel, Vahela Henikasina Zanyah<ref>Ferapara</ref> '''Faritra niaviana''' : Alaotra Mangoro '''Tanindrazana''' : Ambatondrazaka '''Fikambanana''' : Faribolana Sandratra '''Boky nandraisana anjara ''': - '''''Ants'abo''''' (2015): niarahana tamin'i Ny Peniko, Rija Al-Jonah, Tsanta Mirindra <ref name=":1">Gazety Taratra</ref> - '''''Dorehitra''''' (2021) : niarahana tamin'i Sunny Razakamanana, Rapandry <ref>Gazety Taratra</ref> '''Hetsika nokarakaraina''' : - ''Santatra'' 2021 tao Mahazoarivo - ''Amoron'Alaotra'' tao amin'ny Paul Chassan, niarahana tamin'ny Faribolana Sandratra Sampana Ambatondrazaka<ref name=":1" /> - ''Mianjilazila'' teny Vontovorona niarahana tamin'i Liantsoa, Sunny Razakamanana<ref name=":1" /> '''Tononkalony malaza :''' ''[https://www.facebook.com/share/p/14oU5kYKHTy/ Mandehana posy]'', [https://poetawebs.neocities.org/Lahatsoratra/vahelalahimatoa ''lahimatoa''], ''[https://www.facebook.com/share/p/1KHmQorqLS/ Masera Bazilisy]'' 16hu1fyxb4szxmaow8mh9ni6lumxj9y 0 302517 1152470 2026-10-24T13:37:46Z Thelezifor 15140 Karazan-javamaniry ao amin' ny fianakaviana Lamiaceae 1152470 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:Starr 030202-0053 Ocimum gratissimum.jpg|vignette|''Ocimum gratissimum'']] Ny '''''Ocimum gratissimum''''' dia karazana [[Angiospermae|zavamaniry mamony]] ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Lamiaceae]]''. Teratany atỳ [[Afrika]] (anisan' izany i [[Madagasikara]]) sy any [[Azia Atsimo]] izy io, ary nampidirina tany [[Meksika]], tany [[Panamà|Panama]], tany amin' ny [[Karaîba|vondro-nosy Karaiba]], any [[Brezila]], any [[Bôlivia]] ary any amin' ny faritra ao amin' ny [[Ranomasimbe Pasifika]] io zavamaniry io<ref name=":1"><small>"[https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/452969-1 Ocimum gratissimum L.]" ''[[Plants of the World Online]]''. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Notsidihina tamin' ny 10/ 08/2026.</small></ref>. ''Ocimum gratissimum'' <small>L.</small> no anarany ara-tsiansa feno. Amin' ny teny malagasy izy dia atao hoe '''romba''', '''rombabe''' na '''romby'''<ref><small>"[https://tenymalagasy.org/bins/teny2/Ocimum?w=Ocimum Ocimum]", ''tenymalagasy.org''</small></ref>. Azo ampiasaina ho fanafody io karazana io. == Famariparitana == Ahitra maniry an-tanety sy maharitra taona maro, ary mety hahatratra 2 m ny haavony ny ''Ocimum gratissimum''. Manana endrika kirihitra kely, misy sampana maro, mamoaka fofona manitra izy io. === Ravina === Tsotra sy mifanohitra ny ravin' ny ''Ocimum gratissimum'' izay mibikan' atody misy nifinifiny lehibe eo amin' ny sisiny, ary mihena tsikelikely mankany amin' ny fotony izay midina manaraka ny tangozany<ref name=":2"><small>Groupe espèces envahissantes, ''Plantes envahissantes pour les milieux naturels de Nouvelle-Calédonie'', Nouméa, Agence pour la prévention et l'indemnisation des calamités agricoles ou naturelles (APICAN), janvier 2012, 222 p., pp. 68-69</small></ref>. Mamoaka fofona mahery mitovy amin' ny an' ny [[Jirofo (zavamaniry)|jirofo]] ireo ravina ireo<ref name=":3"><small>Bernard Suprin, ''Mille et une plantes en Nouvelle-Calédonie'', Nouméa, Editions Photosynthèse, 2013, 382 p. (<nowiki>ISBN 9782952731638</nowiki>), p. 334</small></ref>. === Vony === Fotsy ny vonin' ny ''Ocimum gratissimum'' ary manana vonron-dravimbony kely. Miafara amin' ny toa molotra roa ny vondrom-pelambony, izay miendrika fantsona. Mirindra ho [[Vondrombony|vondron-bony]] eo amin' ny faran' ny rantsana izy ireo, ka mamorona salohim-bony manana halava 7 hatramin' ny 20 sm<ref name=":2" />. === Voa === Kapsola boribory miisa efatra, izay manana halava 2 mm, ny voan' ny ''Ocimum gratissimum''. Mamokatra vihim-boa maro dia maro ilay zavamaniry (mihoatra ny 100 tapitrisa isaky ny hekitara). Aparitaky ny biby ireo vihim-boany ireo<ref name=":2" />. == Lisitry ny zana-karazana sy ovan-karazana == Inty ny lisitry ny zana-karazana sy ovan-karazan' ny ''Ocimum gratissimum'' araka ny ''[[Tropicos]]'' (notsidihina tamin' ny 7 Aogositra 2014) (Fanamarihana: lisitra tsy voadio izay mety ahitana teny mitovy hevitra): * ''Ocimum gratissimum'' subsp. ''gratissimum'' * ''Ocimum gratissimum'' subsp. ''iringense'' <small>Ayob. ex A.J. Paton</small> * ''Ocimum gratissimum'' var. ''gratissimum'' * ''Ocimum gratissimum'' var. ''hildebrandtii'' <small>Briq.</small> * ''Ocimum gratissimum'' var. ''macrophyllum'' <small>Briq.</small> * ''Ocimum gratissimum'' var. ''mascarenarum'' <small>Briq.</small> * ''Ocimum gratissimum'' var. ''suave'' <small>(Willd.) Hook. f.</small> * ''Ocimum gratissimum'' var. ''subdentatum'' <small>Briq.</small> == Faritra ahitana azy == Teratany atỳ [[Afrika]] (anisan' izany i [[Madagasikara]]) sy any [[Azia Atsimo]] ([[India]]) ny ''Ocimum gratissimum'', ary nampidirina tany [[Meksika]], tany [[Panamà|Panama]], tany amin' ny [[Karaîba|vondro-nosy Karaiba]], any [[Brezila]], any [[Bôlivia]] ary any amin' ny faritra ao amin' ny [[Ranomasimbe Pasifika]] io zavamaniry io<ref name=":1" />. Saika hita manerana ny faritra trôpikaly izy io. Nampidirin' ny [[Malabary (vahoaka)|Malabary]] tao [[Nouvelle-Calédonie]] izy io, mba hampiasaina ho zavamanitra sy ho ravina azo fohina<ref name=":3" />. === Zavamaniry manafika === Anisan' ny zavamaniry manafika lehibe 300 ao amin' ny faritra Pasifika Atsimo ny ''Ocimum gratissimum'', ary misy fiantraikany lehibe indrindra any [[Nouvelle-Calédonie]], toerana efa nisy azy hatramin' ny fiandohan' ny taonjato faha-19<ref><small>Vanessa Hequet, Mickaël Le Corre, Frédéric Rigault, Vincent Blanfort, ''[https://www.province-sud.nc/sites/default/files/1829925/CODE%20ENVIRONNEMENT%202019.pdf Les espèces exotiques envahissantes de Nouvelle-Calédonie]'', IRD, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, septembre 2009, 87 p. [[https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fhorizon.documentation.ird.fr%2Fexl-doc%2Fpleins_textes%2Fdivers12-08%2F010052239.pdf Arsiva]], p. 17</small></ref>. Na dia tsy mihinana an' io zavamaniry io aza ny biby fiompy, dia mihinana azy kosa ny [[serfa]] (ao amn' ny fianakaviana ''[[Cervidae]]''), izay mety hanampy amin' ny fifehezana ny habetsahan' ilay zavamaniry<ref name=":2" />. Mandrara ny fampidirana ity karazana zavamaniry ity any amin' ny tontolo voajanahary ny ''Code de l'environnement de la Province Sud'' ("Fehezan-dalàna momba ny Tontolo Iainana ao amin' ny Faritany Atsimo"); voarara ihany koa ny famokarana, ny fitaterana, ny fampiasana, fivarotana azy manehandeha, ny famindrana, ny fivarotana, na ny fividianana azy<ref><small>''[https://www.province-sud.nc/sites/default/files/1829925/CODE%20ENVIRONNEMENT%202019.pdf Code de l'environnement de la Province Sud]'', Nouméa, 2019, 346 p. ([https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.province-sud.nc%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2F1829925%2FCODE%2520ENVIRONNEMENT%25202019.pdf Arsiva]), p. 147</small></ref>. == Fampiasana == === Nahandro === Any [[Nizerià]], dia ampiasaina amin' ny fanomanana lasopy misy sakay, vary, tsaramaso, akondro nadrahoina, ary na dia lasopy tsotra sy sakafo matsiro hafa aza ny ravin' ny ''Ocimum gratissimum'' izay manitra. === Fitsaboana === Iray amin' ny zavamaniry, taorian' ny fanadihadiana fitiliana faobe (navoaka tamin' ny 21 Avrily 2020)<ref><small>JOSHI, T., JOSHI, T., SHARMA, P., MATHPAL, S., PUNDIR, H., BHATT, V., & CHANDRA, S. (2020). ''[https://www.europeanreview.org/wp/wp-content/uploads/4529-4536.pdf In silico screening of natural compounds against COVID-19 by targeting Mpro and ACE2 using molecular docking]'' [[https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanreview.org%2Fwp%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F4529-4536.pdf Arsiva]]. European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences| publié le 21 avril 2020 | 24, 4529-4536.</small></ref>, fantatra fa mety tsara hampiasaina amin' ny famolavolana fanafody hiadiana amin' ny [[SARS-CoV-2]], ilay viriosy mahatonga ny valan' aretina [[COVID 19|COVID-19]], ny ''Ocimum gratissimum''. Ampiasaina hitsaboana ny fanaintainan' ny kibo sy ny aretina vokatry ny olitry ny bibikely katsentsitra ao amin' ny fikaharana [[Diptera]] izy io. Ahitana eozenôla ny menakamanitra avy amin' ny ''Ocimum gratissimum'' ary mampiseho famantarana fa manana toetra miady amin' ny [[bakteria]]<ref><small>Celso Vataru Nakamura, Tania Ueda-Nakamura, Erika Bando, Abrahão Fernandes Negrão Melo, Díogenes Aparício Garcia Cortez, Benedito Prado Dias Filho, "[https://www.scielo.br/j/mioc/a/WTM9QV8fXH9cScXCRpvh7Bj/?lang=en Antibacterial Activity of Ocimum gratissimum L. Essential Oil]", ''Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz'', Vol. 94(5): 675-678.</small></ref>. Misy poizina ho an' ny [[Protozoa|prôtôzôera]] katsetsiera ao amin' ny vondron-karazana ''[[Leishmania]]'' koa ny ny menakamanitra azo avy amin' ny ''Ocimum gratissimum''<ref><small>Oliveira V.C.S., Moura D.M.S., Lopes J.A.D., De Andrade P.P., Da Silva N.H., Figueiredo R.C.B.Q., "Effects of essential oils from ''Cymbopogon citratus'' (DC) Stapf., ''Lippia sidoides'' Cham., and ''Ocimum gratissimum'' L. on growth and ultrastructure of ''Leishmania chagasi'' promastigotes", Parasitology Research 2009 104:5 (1053-1059)</small></ref>. === Fitahirizana sakafo === Mety azo ampiasaina ho akora fitahirizana sakafo ny menakamanitra azo avy amin' ny ''Ocimum gratissimum''<ref><small>Nguefack J., Dongmo J.B.L., Dakole C.D., Leth V., Vismer H.F., Torp J., Guemdjom E.F.N., Mbeffo M., Tamgue O., Fotio D., Zollo P.H.A., Nkengfack A.E., "Food preservative potential of essential oils and fractions from ''Cymbopogon citratus'', ''Ocimum gratissimum'' and ''Thymus vulgaris'' against mycotoxigenic fungi", ''International Journal of Food Microbiology 2009'' 131:2-3 (151-156)</small></ref>. === Fandroahana bibikely === Mandroaka ny bibikely bitika ''[[Thrips tabaci]]'' ny ''Ocimum gratissimum'' ka noho izany dia fitaovana mahasoa hoentina mandroaka bibikely amin' ny voly hafa<ref><small>Kirk, William D. J.; de Kogel, Willem Jan; Koschier, Elisabeth H.; Teulon, David A. J. (2021-01-07). "[https://keele-repository.worktribe.com/ Semiochemicals for Thrips and Their Use in Pest Management]". ''Annual Review of Entomology''. 66 (1). Annual Reviews: 101–119. doi:10.1146/annurev-ento-022020-081531. ISSN 0066-4170. <nowiki>PMID 33417819</nowiki>. S2CID 231304158.</small></ref>. Ny ''Thrips tabaci'' dia bibikely mpanindrona ny ravin' ny voly maro ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Solanaceae]]'' ([[Solanum lycopersicum|voatabia]], [[Paraky (zavamaniry)|paraky]], sns) sy ny ''[[Lamiaceae|Liliaceae]]'' ([[Allium|tongolo]], [[Allium sativum|tongologasy]], sns) ary ny hafa. == Jereo koa == * ''[[Ocimum]]'' * [[Romba]]: ''[[Coelocarpum madagascariense]]'' <small>(Scott-Elliot) Moldenke</small> (''[[Lamiaceae]]''); ''[[Ocimum basilicum]]'' <small>L.</small> (''Lamiaceae''); ''[[Ocimum americanum]]'' <small>L.</small> (← ''Ocimum canum'', ''Ocimum tenellum'') (''Lamiaceae''); ''Ocimum gratissimum'' <small>L.</small> (← ''Ocimum suave'' <small>Willd</small>) (''Lamiaceae'') == Loharano == ddtbx0krvbt69y5gqugl37234t9243a 1152478 1152470 2026-10-24T13:46:26Z Thelezifor 15140 Loharano 1152478 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:Starr 030202-0053 Ocimum gratissimum.jpg|vignette|''Ocimum gratissimum'']] Ny '''''Ocimum gratissimum''''' dia karazana [[Angiospermae|zavamaniry mamony]] ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Lamiaceae]]''. Teratany atỳ [[Afrika]] (anisan' izany i [[Madagasikara]]) sy any [[Azia Atsimo]] izy io, ary nampidirina tany [[Meksika]], tany [[Panamà|Panama]], tany amin' ny [[Karaîba|vondro-nosy Karaiba]], any [[Brezila]], any [[Bôlivia]] ary any amin' ny faritra ao amin' ny [[Ranomasimbe Pasifika]] io zavamaniry io<ref name=":1"><small>"[https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/452969-1 Ocimum gratissimum L.]" ''[[Plants of the World Online]]''. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Notsidihina tamin' ny 10/ 08/2026.</small></ref>. ''Ocimum gratissimum'' <small>L.</small> no anarany ara-tsiansa feno. Amin' ny teny malagasy izy dia atao hoe '''romba''', '''rombabe''' na '''romby'''<ref><small>"[https://tenymalagasy.org/bins/teny2/Ocimum?w=Ocimum Ocimum]", ''tenymalagasy.org''</small></ref>. Azo ampiasaina ho fanafody io karazana io. == Famariparitana == Ahitra maniry an-tanety sy maharitra taona maro, ary mety hahatratra 2 m ny haavony ny ''Ocimum gratissimum''. Manana endrika kirihitra kely, misy sampana maro, mamoaka fofona manitra izy io. === Ravina === Tsotra sy mifanohitra ny ravin' ny ''Ocimum gratissimum'' izay mibikan' atody misy nifinifiny lehibe eo amin' ny sisiny, ary mihena tsikelikely mankany amin' ny fotony izay midina manaraka ny tangozany<ref name=":2"><small>Groupe espèces envahissantes, ''Plantes envahissantes pour les milieux naturels de Nouvelle-Calédonie'', Nouméa, Agence pour la prévention et l'indemnisation des calamités agricoles ou naturelles (APICAN), janvier 2012, 222 p., pp. 68-69</small></ref>. Mamoaka fofona mahery mitovy amin' ny an' ny [[Jirofo (zavamaniry)|jirofo]] ireo ravina ireo<ref name=":3"><small>Bernard Suprin, ''Mille et une plantes en Nouvelle-Calédonie'', Nouméa, Editions Photosynthèse, 2013, 382 p. (<nowiki>ISBN 9782952731638</nowiki>), p. 334</small></ref>. === Vony === Fotsy ny vonin' ny ''Ocimum gratissimum'' ary manana vonron-dravimbony kely. Miafara amin' ny toa molotra roa ny vondrom-pelambony, izay miendrika fantsona. Mirindra ho [[Vondrombony|vondron-bony]] eo amin' ny faran' ny rantsana izy ireo, ka mamorona salohim-bony manana halava 7 hatramin' ny 20 sm<ref name=":2" />. === Voa === Kapsola boribory miisa efatra, izay manana halava 2 mm, ny voan' ny ''Ocimum gratissimum''. Mamokatra vihim-boa maro dia maro ilay zavamaniry (mihoatra ny 100 tapitrisa isaky ny hekitara). Aparitaky ny biby ireo vihim-boany ireo<ref name=":2" />. == Lisitry ny zana-karazana sy ovan-karazana == Inty ny lisitry ny zana-karazana sy ovan-karazan' ny ''Ocimum gratissimum'' araka ny ''[[Tropicos]]'' (notsidihina tamin' ny 7 Aogositra 2014) (Fanamarihana: lisitra tsy voadio izay mety ahitana teny mitovy hevitra)<ref><small>[https://tropicos.org/name/17600215 ''Tropicos'' : ''Ocimum gratissimum''] L. [Arsiva] (+ liste sous-taxons [archive])&#x20;(Notsidihina 7 Aogositra 2014)</small></ref>: * ''Ocimum gratissimum'' subsp. ''gratissimum'' * ''Ocimum gratissimum'' subsp. ''iringense'' <small>Ayob. ex A.J. Paton</small> * ''Ocimum gratissimum'' var. ''gratissimum'' * ''Ocimum gratissimum'' var. ''hildebrandtii'' <small>Briq.</small> * ''Ocimum gratissimum'' var. ''macrophyllum'' <small>Briq.</small> * ''Ocimum gratissimum'' var. ''mascarenarum'' <small>Briq.</small> * ''Ocimum gratissimum'' var. ''suave'' <small>(Willd.) Hook. f.</small> * ''Ocimum gratissimum'' var. ''subdentatum'' <small>Briq.</small> == Faritra ahitana azy == Teratany atỳ [[Afrika]] (anisan' izany i [[Madagasikara]]) sy any [[Azia Atsimo]] ([[India]]) ny ''Ocimum gratissimum'', ary nampidirina tany [[Meksika]], tany [[Panamà|Panama]], tany amin' ny [[Karaîba|vondro-nosy Karaiba]], any [[Brezila]], any [[Bôlivia]] ary any amin' ny faritra ao amin' ny [[Ranomasimbe Pasifika]] io zavamaniry io<ref name=":1" />. Saika hita manerana ny faritra trôpikaly izy io. Nampidirin' ny [[Malabary (vahoaka)|Malabary]] tao [[Nouvelle-Calédonie]] izy io, mba hampiasaina ho zavamanitra sy ho ravina azo fohina<ref name=":3" />. === Zavamaniry manafika === Anisan' ny zavamaniry manafika lehibe 300 ao amin' ny faritra Pasifika Atsimo ny ''Ocimum gratissimum'', ary misy fiantraikany lehibe indrindra any [[Nouvelle-Calédonie]], toerana efa nisy azy hatramin' ny fiandohan' ny taonjato faha-19<ref><small>Vanessa Hequet, Mickaël Le Corre, Frédéric Rigault, Vincent Blanfort, ''[https://www.province-sud.nc/sites/default/files/1829925/CODE%20ENVIRONNEMENT%202019.pdf Les espèces exotiques envahissantes de Nouvelle-Calédonie]'', IRD, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, septembre 2009, 87 p. [[https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fhorizon.documentation.ird.fr%2Fexl-doc%2Fpleins_textes%2Fdivers12-08%2F010052239.pdf Arsiva]], p. 17</small></ref>. Na dia tsy mihinana an' io zavamaniry io aza ny biby fiompy, dia mihinana azy kosa ny [[serfa]] (ao amn' ny fianakaviana ''[[Cervidae]]''), izay mety hanampy amin' ny fifehezana ny habetsahan' ilay zavamaniry<ref name=":2" />. Mandrara ny fampidirana ity karazana zavamaniry ity any amin' ny tontolo voajanahary ny ''Code de l'environnement de la Province Sud'' ("Fehezan-dalàna momba ny Tontolo Iainana ao amin' ny Faritany Atsimo"); voarara ihany koa ny famokarana, ny fitaterana, ny fampiasana, fivarotana azy manehandeha, ny famindrana, ny fivarotana, na ny fividianana azy<ref><small>''[https://www.province-sud.nc/sites/default/files/1829925/CODE%20ENVIRONNEMENT%202019.pdf Code de l'environnement de la Province Sud]'', Nouméa, 2019, 346 p. ([https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.province-sud.nc%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2F1829925%2FCODE%2520ENVIRONNEMENT%25202019.pdf Arsiva]), p. 147</small></ref>. == Fampiasana == === Nahandro === Any [[Nizerià]], dia ampiasaina amin' ny fanomanana lasopy misy sakay, vary, tsaramaso, akondro nadrahoina, ary na dia lasopy tsotra sy sakafo matsiro hafa aza ny ravin' ny ''Ocimum gratissimum'' izay manitra. === Fitsaboana === Iray amin' ny zavamaniry, taorian' ny fanadihadiana fitiliana faobe (navoaka tamin' ny 21 Avrily 2020)<ref><small>JOSHI, T., JOSHI, T., SHARMA, P., MATHPAL, S., PUNDIR, H., BHATT, V., & CHANDRA, S. (2020). ''[https://www.europeanreview.org/wp/wp-content/uploads/4529-4536.pdf In silico screening of natural compounds against COVID-19 by targeting Mpro and ACE2 using molecular docking]'' [[https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanreview.org%2Fwp%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F4529-4536.pdf Arsiva]]. European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences| publié le 21 avril 2020 | 24, 4529-4536.</small></ref>, fantatra fa mety tsara hampiasaina amin' ny famolavolana fanafody hiadiana amin' ny [[SARS-CoV-2]], ilay viriosy mahatonga ny valan' aretina [[COVID 19|COVID-19]], ny ''Ocimum gratissimum''. Ampiasaina hitsaboana ny fanaintainan' ny kibo sy ny aretina vokatry ny olitry ny bibikely katsentsitra ao amin' ny fikaharana [[Diptera]] izy io. Ahitana eozenôla ny menakamanitra avy amin' ny ''Ocimum gratissimum'' ary mampiseho famantarana fa manana toetra miady amin' ny [[bakteria]]<ref><small>Celso Vataru Nakamura, Tania Ueda-Nakamura, Erika Bando, Abrahão Fernandes Negrão Melo, Díogenes Aparício Garcia Cortez, Benedito Prado Dias Filho, "[https://www.scielo.br/j/mioc/a/WTM9QV8fXH9cScXCRpvh7Bj/?lang=en Antibacterial Activity of Ocimum gratissimum L. Essential Oil]", ''Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz'', Vol. 94(5): 675-678.</small></ref>. Misy poizina ho an' ny [[Protozoa|prôtôzôera]] katsetsiera ao amin' ny vondron-karazana ''[[Leishmania]]'' koa ny ny menakamanitra azo avy amin' ny ''Ocimum gratissimum''<ref><small>Oliveira V.C.S., Moura D.M.S., Lopes J.A.D., De Andrade P.P., Da Silva N.H., Figueiredo R.C.B.Q., "Effects of essential oils from ''Cymbopogon citratus'' (DC) Stapf., ''Lippia sidoides'' Cham., and ''Ocimum gratissimum'' L. on growth and ultrastructure of ''Leishmania chagasi'' promastigotes", Parasitology Research 2009 104:5 (1053-1059)</small></ref>. === Fitahirizana sakafo === Mety azo ampiasaina ho akora fitahirizana sakafo ny menakamanitra azo avy amin' ny ''Ocimum gratissimum''<ref><small>Nguefack J., Dongmo J.B.L., Dakole C.D., Leth V., Vismer H.F., Torp J., Guemdjom E.F.N., Mbeffo M., Tamgue O., Fotio D., Zollo P.H.A., Nkengfack A.E., "Food preservative potential of essential oils and fractions from ''Cymbopogon citratus'', ''Ocimum gratissimum'' and ''Thymus vulgaris'' against mycotoxigenic fungi", ''International Journal of Food Microbiology 2009'' 131:2-3 (151-156)</small></ref>. === Fandroahana bibikely === Mandroaka ny bibikely bitika ''[[Thrips tabaci]]'' ny ''Ocimum gratissimum'' ka noho izany dia fitaovana mahasoa hoentina mandroaka bibikely amin' ny voly hafa<ref><small>Kirk, William D. J.; de Kogel, Willem Jan; Koschier, Elisabeth H.; Teulon, David A. J. (2021-01-07). "[https://keele-repository.worktribe.com/ Semiochemicals for Thrips and Their Use in Pest Management]". ''Annual Review of Entomology''. 66 (1). Annual Reviews: 101–119. doi:10.1146/annurev-ento-022020-081531. ISSN 0066-4170. <nowiki>PMID 33417819</nowiki>. S2CID 231304158.</small></ref>. Ny ''Thrips tabaci'' dia bibikely mpanindrona ny ravin' ny voly maro ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Solanaceae]]'' ([[Solanum lycopersicum|voatabia]], [[Paraky (zavamaniry)|paraky]], sns) sy ny ''[[Lamiaceae|Liliaceae]]'' ([[Allium|tongolo]], [[Allium sativum|tongologasy]], sns) ary ny hafa. == Jereo koa == * ''[[Ocimum]]'' * [[Romba]]: ''[[Coelocarpum madagascariense]]'' <small>(Scott-Elliot) Moldenke</small> (''[[Lamiaceae]]''); ''[[Ocimum basilicum]]'' <small>L.</small> (''Lamiaceae''); ''[[Ocimum americanum]]'' <small>L.</small> (← ''Ocimum canum'', ''Ocimum tenellum'') (''Lamiaceae''); ''Ocimum gratissimum'' <small>L.</small> (← ''Ocimum suave'' <small>Willd</small>) (''Lamiaceae'') == Loharano == 4dks5rvqvvuljmcneqrz501bw762ar9 1152484 1152478 2026-10-24T13:54:51Z Thelezifor 15140 Nanampy sary 1152484 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:Starr 030202-0053 Ocimum gratissimum.jpg|vignette|''Ocimum gratissimum''|361x361px]] Ny '''''Ocimum gratissimum''''' dia karazana [[Angiospermae|zavamaniry mamony]] ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Lamiaceae]]''. Teratany atỳ [[Afrika]] (anisan' izany i [[Madagasikara]]) sy any [[Azia Atsimo]] izy io, ary nampidirina tany [[Meksika]], tany [[Panamà|Panama]], tany amin' ny [[Karaîba|vondro-nosy Karaiba]], any [[Brezila]], any [[Bôlivia]] ary any amin' ny faritra ao amin' ny [[Ranomasimbe Pasifika]] io zavamaniry io<ref name=":1"><small>"[https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/452969-1 Ocimum gratissimum L.]" ''[[Plants of the World Online]]''. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Notsidihina tamin' ny 10/ 08/2026.</small></ref>. ''Ocimum gratissimum'' <small>L.</small> no anarany ara-tsiansa feno. Amin' ny teny malagasy izy dia atao hoe '''romba''', '''rombabe''' na '''romby'''<ref><small>"[https://tenymalagasy.org/bins/teny2/Ocimum?w=Ocimum Ocimum]", ''tenymalagasy.org''</small></ref>. Azo ampiasaina ho fanafody io karazana io. == Famariparitana == Ahitra maniry an-tanety sy maharitra taona maro, ary mety hahatratra 2 m ny haavony ny ''Ocimum gratissimum''. Manana endrika kirihitra kely, misy sampana maro, mamoaka fofona manitra izy io. === Ravina === [[Sary:Basil Plant (Ocimum gratissimum).jpg|vignette|271x271px|Ravin' ny ''Ocimum gratissimum'']] Tsotra sy mifanohitra ny ravin' ny ''Ocimum gratissimum'' izay mibikan' atody misy nifinifiny lehibe eo amin' ny sisiny, ary mihena tsikelikely mankany amin' ny fotony izay midina manaraka ny tangozany<ref name=":2"><small>Groupe espèces envahissantes, ''Plantes envahissantes pour les milieux naturels de Nouvelle-Calédonie'', Nouméa, Agence pour la prévention et l'indemnisation des calamités agricoles ou naturelles (APICAN), janvier 2012, 222 p., pp. 68-69</small></ref>. Mamoaka fofona mahery mitovy amin' ny an' ny [[Jirofo (zavamaniry)|jirofo]] ireo ravina ireo<ref name=":3"><small>Bernard Suprin, ''Mille et une plantes en Nouvelle-Calédonie'', Nouméa, Editions Photosynthèse, 2013, 382 p. (<nowiki>ISBN 9782952731638</nowiki>), p. 334</small></ref>. === Vony === [[Sary:Manjericao Ocimum gratissimum.JPG|ankavia|vignette|''Ocimum gratissimum'' mamony]] Fotsy ny vonin' ny ''Ocimum gratissimum'' ary manana vonron-dravimbony kely. Miafara amin' ny toa molotra roa ny vondrom-pelambony, izay miendrika fantsona. Mirindra ho [[Vondrombony|vondron-bony]] eo amin' ny faran' ny rantsana izy ireo, ka mamorona salohim-bony manana halava 7 hatramin' ny 20 sm<ref name=":2" />. === Voa === Kapsola boribory miisa efatra, izay manana halava 2 mm, ny voan' ny ''Ocimum gratissimum''. Mamokatra vihim-boa maro dia maro ilay zavamaniry (mihoatra ny 100 tapitrisa isaky ny hekitara). Aparitaky ny biby ireo vihim-boany ireo<ref name=":2" />. == Lisitry ny zana-karazana sy ovan-karazana == [[Sary:Starr 070124-3942 Ocimum gratissimum.jpg|ankavia|vignette|290x290px|''Ocimum gratissimum'']] Inty ny lisitry ny zana-karazana sy ovan-karazan' ny ''Ocimum gratissimum'' araka ny ''[[Tropicos]]'' (notsidihina tamin' ny 7 Aogositra 2014) (Fanamarihana: lisitra tsy voadio izay mety ahitana teny mitovy hevitra)<ref><small>[https://tropicos.org/name/17600215 ''Tropicos'' : ''Ocimum gratissimum''] L. [Arsiva] (+ liste sous-taxons [archive])&#x20;(Notsidihina 7 Aogositra 2014)</small></ref>: * ''Ocimum gratissimum'' subsp. ''gratissimum'' * ''Ocimum gratissimum'' subsp. ''iringense'' <small>Ayob. ex A.J. Paton</small> * ''Ocimum gratissimum'' var. ''gratissimum'' * ''Ocimum gratissimum'' var. ''hildebrandtii'' <small>Briq.</small> * ''Ocimum gratissimum'' var. ''macrophyllum'' <small>Briq.</small> * ''Ocimum gratissimum'' var. ''mascarenarum'' <small>Briq.</small> * ''Ocimum gratissimum'' var. ''suave'' <small>(Willd.) Hook. f.</small> * ''Ocimum gratissimum'' var. ''subdentatum'' <small>Briq.</small> == Faritra ahitana azy == Teratany atỳ [[Afrika]] (anisan' izany i [[Madagasikara]]) sy any [[Azia Atsimo]] ([[India]]) ny ''Ocimum gratissimum'', ary nampidirina tany [[Meksika]], tany [[Panamà|Panama]], tany amin' ny [[Karaîba|vondro-nosy Karaiba]], any [[Brezila]], any [[Bôlivia]] ary any amin' ny faritra ao amin' ny [[Ranomasimbe Pasifika]] io zavamaniry io<ref name=":1" />. Saika hita manerana ny faritra trôpikaly izy io. Nampidirin' ny [[Malabary (vahoaka)|Malabary]] tao [[Nouvelle-Calédonie]] izy io, mba hampiasaina ho zavamanitra sy ho ravina azo fohina<ref name=":3" />. === Zavamaniry manafika === [[Sary:Ocimum gratissimum.JPG|vignette|''Ocimum gratissimum'']] Anisan' ny zavamaniry manafika lehibe 300 ao amin' ny faritra Pasifika Atsimo ny ''Ocimum gratissimum'', ary misy fiantraikany lehibe indrindra any [[Nouvelle-Calédonie]], toerana efa nisy azy hatramin' ny fiandohan' ny taonjato faha-19<ref><small>Vanessa Hequet, Mickaël Le Corre, Frédéric Rigault, Vincent Blanfort, ''[https://www.province-sud.nc/sites/default/files/1829925/CODE%20ENVIRONNEMENT%202019.pdf Les espèces exotiques envahissantes de Nouvelle-Calédonie]'', IRD, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, septembre 2009, 87 p. [[https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fhorizon.documentation.ird.fr%2Fexl-doc%2Fpleins_textes%2Fdivers12-08%2F010052239.pdf Arsiva]], p. 17</small></ref>. Na dia tsy mihinana an' io zavamaniry io aza ny biby fiompy, dia mihinana azy kosa ny [[serfa]] (ao amn' ny fianakaviana ''[[Cervidae]]''), izay mety hanampy amin' ny fifehezana ny habetsahan' ilay zavamaniry<ref name=":2" />. Mandrara ny fampidirana ity karazana zavamaniry ity any amin' ny tontolo voajanahary ny ''Code de l'environnement de la Province Sud'' ("Fehezan-dalàna momba ny Tontolo Iainana ao amin' ny Faritany Atsimo"); voarara ihany koa ny famokarana, ny fitaterana, ny fampiasana, fivarotana azy manehandeha, ny famindrana, ny fivarotana, na ny fividianana azy<ref><small>''[https://www.province-sud.nc/sites/default/files/1829925/CODE%20ENVIRONNEMENT%202019.pdf Code de l'environnement de la Province Sud]'', Nouméa, 2019, 346 p. ([https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.province-sud.nc%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2F1829925%2FCODE%2520ENVIRONNEMENT%25202019.pdf Arsiva]), p. 147</small></ref>. == Fampiasana == === Nahandro === Any [[Nizerià]], dia ampiasaina amin' ny fanomanana lasopy misy sakay, vary, tsaramaso, akondro nadrahoina, ary na dia lasopy tsotra sy sakafo matsiro hafa aza ny ravin' ny ''Ocimum gratissimum'' izay manitra. === Fitsaboana === Iray amin' ny zavamaniry, taorian' ny fanadihadiana fitiliana faobe (navoaka tamin' ny 21 Avrily 2020)<ref><small>JOSHI, T., JOSHI, T., SHARMA, P., MATHPAL, S., PUNDIR, H., BHATT, V., & CHANDRA, S. (2020). ''[https://www.europeanreview.org/wp/wp-content/uploads/4529-4536.pdf In silico screening of natural compounds against COVID-19 by targeting Mpro and ACE2 using molecular docking]'' [[https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanreview.org%2Fwp%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F4529-4536.pdf Arsiva]]. European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences| publié le 21 avril 2020 | 24, 4529-4536.</small></ref>, fantatra fa mety tsara hampiasaina amin' ny famolavolana fanafody hiadiana amin' ny [[SARS-CoV-2]], ilay viriosy mahatonga ny valan' aretina [[COVID 19|COVID-19]], ny ''Ocimum gratissimum''. Ampiasaina hitsaboana ny fanaintainan' ny kibo sy ny aretina vokatry ny olitry ny bibikely katsentsitra ao amin' ny fikaharana [[Diptera]] izy io. Ahitana eozenôla ny menakamanitra avy amin' ny ''Ocimum gratissimum'' ary mampiseho famantarana fa manana toetra miady amin' ny [[bakteria]]<ref><small>Celso Vataru Nakamura, Tania Ueda-Nakamura, Erika Bando, Abrahão Fernandes Negrão Melo, Díogenes Aparício Garcia Cortez, Benedito Prado Dias Filho, "[https://www.scielo.br/j/mioc/a/WTM9QV8fXH9cScXCRpvh7Bj/?lang=en Antibacterial Activity of Ocimum gratissimum L. Essential Oil]", ''Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz'', Vol. 94(5): 675-678.</small></ref>. Misy poizina ho an' ny [[Protozoa|prôtôzôera]] katsetsiera ao amin' ny vondron-karazana ''[[Leishmania]]'' koa ny ny menakamanitra azo avy amin' ny ''Ocimum gratissimum''<ref><small>Oliveira V.C.S., Moura D.M.S., Lopes J.A.D., De Andrade P.P., Da Silva N.H., Figueiredo R.C.B.Q., "Effects of essential oils from ''Cymbopogon citratus'' (DC) Stapf., ''Lippia sidoides'' Cham., and ''Ocimum gratissimum'' L. on growth and ultrastructure of ''Leishmania chagasi'' promastigotes", Parasitology Research 2009 104:5 (1053-1059)</small></ref>. === Fitahirizana sakafo === Mety azo ampiasaina ho akora fitahirizana sakafo ny menakamanitra azo avy amin' ny ''Ocimum gratissimum''<ref><small>Nguefack J., Dongmo J.B.L., Dakole C.D., Leth V., Vismer H.F., Torp J., Guemdjom E.F.N., Mbeffo M., Tamgue O., Fotio D., Zollo P.H.A., Nkengfack A.E., "Food preservative potential of essential oils and fractions from ''Cymbopogon citratus'', ''Ocimum gratissimum'' and ''Thymus vulgaris'' against mycotoxigenic fungi", ''International Journal of Food Microbiology 2009'' 131:2-3 (151-156)</small></ref>. === Fandroahana bibikely === Mandroaka ny bibikely bitika ''[[Thrips tabaci]]'' ny ''Ocimum gratissimum'' ka noho izany dia fitaovana mahasoa hoentina mandroaka bibikely amin' ny voly hafa<ref><small>Kirk, William D. J.; de Kogel, Willem Jan; Koschier, Elisabeth H.; Teulon, David A. J. (2021-01-07). "[https://keele-repository.worktribe.com/ Semiochemicals for Thrips and Their Use in Pest Management]". ''Annual Review of Entomology''. 66 (1). Annual Reviews: 101–119. doi:10.1146/annurev-ento-022020-081531. ISSN 0066-4170. <nowiki>PMID 33417819</nowiki>. S2CID 231304158.</small></ref>. Ny ''Thrips tabaci'' dia bibikely mpanindrona ny ravin' ny voly maro ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Solanaceae]]'' ([[Solanum lycopersicum|voatabia]], [[Paraky (zavamaniry)|paraky]], sns) sy ny ''[[Lamiaceae|Liliaceae]]'' ([[Allium|tongolo]], [[Allium sativum|tongologasy]], sns) ary ny hafa. == Jereo koa == * ''[[Ocimum]]'' * [[Romba]]: ''[[Coelocarpum madagascariense]]'' <small>(Scott-Elliot) Moldenke</small> (''[[Lamiaceae]]''); ''[[Ocimum basilicum]]'' <small>L.</small> (''Lamiaceae''); ''[[Ocimum americanum]]'' <small>L.</small> (← ''Ocimum canum'', ''Ocimum tenellum'') (''Lamiaceae''); ''Ocimum gratissimum'' <small>L.</small> (← ''Ocimum suave'' <small>Willd</small>) (''Lamiaceae'') == Loharano == 42kx46vapaifzn8e2dwmogeq3qaaxpl 1152500 1152484 2026-10-24T18:19:34Z InternetArchiveBot 25011 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 1152500 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:Starr 030202-0053 Ocimum gratissimum.jpg|vignette|''Ocimum gratissimum''|361x361px]] Ny '''''Ocimum gratissimum''''' dia karazana [[Angiospermae|zavamaniry mamony]] ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Lamiaceae]]''. Teratany atỳ [[Afrika]] (anisan' izany i [[Madagasikara]]) sy any [[Azia Atsimo]] izy io, ary nampidirina tany [[Meksika]], tany [[Panamà|Panama]], tany amin' ny [[Karaîba|vondro-nosy Karaiba]], any [[Brezila]], any [[Bôlivia]] ary any amin' ny faritra ao amin' ny [[Ranomasimbe Pasifika]] io zavamaniry io<ref name=":1"><small>"[https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/452969-1 Ocimum gratissimum L.]" ''[[Plants of the World Online]]''. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Notsidihina tamin' ny 10/ 08/2026.</small></ref>. ''Ocimum gratissimum'' <small>L.</small> no anarany ara-tsiansa feno. Amin' ny teny malagasy izy dia atao hoe '''romba''', '''rombabe''' na '''romby'''<ref><small>"[https://tenymalagasy.org/bins/teny2/Ocimum?w=Ocimum Ocimum]", ''tenymalagasy.org''</small></ref>. Azo ampiasaina ho fanafody io karazana io. == Famariparitana == Ahitra maniry an-tanety sy maharitra taona maro, ary mety hahatratra 2 m ny haavony ny ''Ocimum gratissimum''. Manana endrika kirihitra kely, misy sampana maro, mamoaka fofona manitra izy io. === Ravina === [[Sary:Basil Plant (Ocimum gratissimum).jpg|vignette|271x271px|Ravin' ny ''Ocimum gratissimum'']] Tsotra sy mifanohitra ny ravin' ny ''Ocimum gratissimum'' izay mibikan' atody misy nifinifiny lehibe eo amin' ny sisiny, ary mihena tsikelikely mankany amin' ny fotony izay midina manaraka ny tangozany<ref name=":2"><small>Groupe espèces envahissantes, ''Plantes envahissantes pour les milieux naturels de Nouvelle-Calédonie'', Nouméa, Agence pour la prévention et l'indemnisation des calamités agricoles ou naturelles (APICAN), janvier 2012, 222 p., pp. 68-69</small></ref>. Mamoaka fofona mahery mitovy amin' ny an' ny [[Jirofo (zavamaniry)|jirofo]] ireo ravina ireo<ref name=":3"><small>Bernard Suprin, ''Mille et une plantes en Nouvelle-Calédonie'', Nouméa, Editions Photosynthèse, 2013, 382 p. (<nowiki>ISBN 9782952731638</nowiki>), p. 334</small></ref>. === Vony === [[Sary:Manjericao Ocimum gratissimum.JPG|ankavia|vignette|''Ocimum gratissimum'' mamony]] Fotsy ny vonin' ny ''Ocimum gratissimum'' ary manana vonron-dravimbony kely. Miafara amin' ny toa molotra roa ny vondrom-pelambony, izay miendrika fantsona. Mirindra ho [[Vondrombony|vondron-bony]] eo amin' ny faran' ny rantsana izy ireo, ka mamorona salohim-bony manana halava 7 hatramin' ny 20 sm<ref name=":2" />. === Voa === Kapsola boribory miisa efatra, izay manana halava 2 mm, ny voan' ny ''Ocimum gratissimum''. Mamokatra vihim-boa maro dia maro ilay zavamaniry (mihoatra ny 100 tapitrisa isaky ny hekitara). Aparitaky ny biby ireo vihim-boany ireo<ref name=":2" />. == Lisitry ny zana-karazana sy ovan-karazana == [[Sary:Starr 070124-3942 Ocimum gratissimum.jpg|ankavia|vignette|290x290px|''Ocimum gratissimum'']] Inty ny lisitry ny zana-karazana sy ovan-karazan' ny ''Ocimum gratissimum'' araka ny ''[[Tropicos]]'' (notsidihina tamin' ny 7 Aogositra 2014) (Fanamarihana: lisitra tsy voadio izay mety ahitana teny mitovy hevitra)<ref><small>[https://tropicos.org/name/17600215 ''Tropicos'' : ''Ocimum gratissimum''] L. [Arsiva] (+ liste sous-taxons [archive])&#x20;(Notsidihina 7 Aogositra 2014)</small></ref>: * ''Ocimum gratissimum'' subsp. ''gratissimum'' * ''Ocimum gratissimum'' subsp. ''iringense'' <small>Ayob. ex A.J. Paton</small> * ''Ocimum gratissimum'' var. ''gratissimum'' * ''Ocimum gratissimum'' var. ''hildebrandtii'' <small>Briq.</small> * ''Ocimum gratissimum'' var. ''macrophyllum'' <small>Briq.</small> * ''Ocimum gratissimum'' var. ''mascarenarum'' <small>Briq.</small> * ''Ocimum gratissimum'' var. ''suave'' <small>(Willd.) Hook. f.</small> * ''Ocimum gratissimum'' var. ''subdentatum'' <small>Briq.</small> == Faritra ahitana azy == Teratany atỳ [[Afrika]] (anisan' izany i [[Madagasikara]]) sy any [[Azia Atsimo]] ([[India]]) ny ''Ocimum gratissimum'', ary nampidirina tany [[Meksika]], tany [[Panamà|Panama]], tany amin' ny [[Karaîba|vondro-nosy Karaiba]], any [[Brezila]], any [[Bôlivia]] ary any amin' ny faritra ao amin' ny [[Ranomasimbe Pasifika]] io zavamaniry io<ref name=":1" />. Saika hita manerana ny faritra trôpikaly izy io. Nampidirin' ny [[Malabary (vahoaka)|Malabary]] tao [[Nouvelle-Calédonie]] izy io, mba hampiasaina ho zavamanitra sy ho ravina azo fohina<ref name=":3" />. === Zavamaniry manafika === [[Sary:Ocimum gratissimum.JPG|vignette|''Ocimum gratissimum'']] Anisan' ny zavamaniry manafika lehibe 300 ao amin' ny faritra Pasifika Atsimo ny ''Ocimum gratissimum'', ary misy fiantraikany lehibe indrindra any [[Nouvelle-Calédonie]], toerana efa nisy azy hatramin' ny fiandohan' ny taonjato faha-19<ref><small>Vanessa Hequet, Mickaël Le Corre, Frédéric Rigault, Vincent Blanfort, ''[https://www.province-sud.nc/sites/default/files/1829925/CODE%20ENVIRONNEMENT%202019.pdf Les espèces exotiques envahissantes de Nouvelle-Calédonie] {{Wayback|url=https://www.province-sud.nc/sites/default/files/1829925/CODE%20ENVIRONNEMENT%202019.pdf |date=20201123192325 }}'', IRD, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, septembre 2009, 87 p. [[https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fhorizon.documentation.ird.fr%2Fexl-doc%2Fpleins_textes%2Fdivers12-08%2F010052239.pdf Arsiva]], p. 17</small></ref>. Na dia tsy mihinana an' io zavamaniry io aza ny biby fiompy, dia mihinana azy kosa ny [[serfa]] (ao amn' ny fianakaviana ''[[Cervidae]]''), izay mety hanampy amin' ny fifehezana ny habetsahan' ilay zavamaniry<ref name=":2" />. Mandrara ny fampidirana ity karazana zavamaniry ity any amin' ny tontolo voajanahary ny ''Code de l'environnement de la Province Sud'' ("Fehezan-dalàna momba ny Tontolo Iainana ao amin' ny Faritany Atsimo"); voarara ihany koa ny famokarana, ny fitaterana, ny fampiasana, fivarotana azy manehandeha, ny famindrana, ny fivarotana, na ny fividianana azy<ref><small>''[https://www.province-sud.nc/sites/default/files/1829925/CODE%20ENVIRONNEMENT%202019.pdf Code de l'environnement de la Province Sud]'', Nouméa, 2019, 346 p. ([https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.province-sud.nc%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2F1829925%2FCODE%2520ENVIRONNEMENT%25202019.pdf Arsiva]), p. 147</small></ref>. == Fampiasana == === Nahandro === Any [[Nizerià]], dia ampiasaina amin' ny fanomanana lasopy misy sakay, vary, tsaramaso, akondro nadrahoina, ary na dia lasopy tsotra sy sakafo matsiro hafa aza ny ravin' ny ''Ocimum gratissimum'' izay manitra. === Fitsaboana === Iray amin' ny zavamaniry, taorian' ny fanadihadiana fitiliana faobe (navoaka tamin' ny 21 Avrily 2020)<ref><small>JOSHI, T., JOSHI, T., SHARMA, P., MATHPAL, S., PUNDIR, H., BHATT, V., & CHANDRA, S. (2020). ''[https://www.europeanreview.org/wp/wp-content/uploads/4529-4536.pdf In silico screening of natural compounds against COVID-19 by targeting Mpro and ACE2 using molecular docking]'' [[https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanreview.org%2Fwp%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F4529-4536.pdf Arsiva]]. European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences| publié le 21 avril 2020 | 24, 4529-4536.</small></ref>, fantatra fa mety tsara hampiasaina amin' ny famolavolana fanafody hiadiana amin' ny [[SARS-CoV-2]], ilay viriosy mahatonga ny valan' aretina [[COVID 19|COVID-19]], ny ''Ocimum gratissimum''. Ampiasaina hitsaboana ny fanaintainan' ny kibo sy ny aretina vokatry ny olitry ny bibikely katsentsitra ao amin' ny fikaharana [[Diptera]] izy io. Ahitana eozenôla ny menakamanitra avy amin' ny ''Ocimum gratissimum'' ary mampiseho famantarana fa manana toetra miady amin' ny [[bakteria]]<ref><small>Celso Vataru Nakamura, Tania Ueda-Nakamura, Erika Bando, Abrahão Fernandes Negrão Melo, Díogenes Aparício Garcia Cortez, Benedito Prado Dias Filho, "[https://www.scielo.br/j/mioc/a/WTM9QV8fXH9cScXCRpvh7Bj/?lang=en Antibacterial Activity of Ocimum gratissimum L. Essential Oil]", ''Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz'', Vol. 94(5): 675-678.</small></ref>. Misy poizina ho an' ny [[Protozoa|prôtôzôera]] katsetsiera ao amin' ny vondron-karazana ''[[Leishmania]]'' koa ny ny menakamanitra azo avy amin' ny ''Ocimum gratissimum''<ref><small>Oliveira V.C.S., Moura D.M.S., Lopes J.A.D., De Andrade P.P., Da Silva N.H., Figueiredo R.C.B.Q., "Effects of essential oils from ''Cymbopogon citratus'' (DC) Stapf., ''Lippia sidoides'' Cham., and ''Ocimum gratissimum'' L. on growth and ultrastructure of ''Leishmania chagasi'' promastigotes", Parasitology Research 2009 104:5 (1053-1059)</small></ref>. === Fitahirizana sakafo === Mety azo ampiasaina ho akora fitahirizana sakafo ny menakamanitra azo avy amin' ny ''Ocimum gratissimum''<ref><small>Nguefack J., Dongmo J.B.L., Dakole C.D., Leth V., Vismer H.F., Torp J., Guemdjom E.F.N., Mbeffo M., Tamgue O., Fotio D., Zollo P.H.A., Nkengfack A.E., "Food preservative potential of essential oils and fractions from ''Cymbopogon citratus'', ''Ocimum gratissimum'' and ''Thymus vulgaris'' against mycotoxigenic fungi", ''International Journal of Food Microbiology 2009'' 131:2-3 (151-156)</small></ref>. === Fandroahana bibikely === Mandroaka ny bibikely bitika ''[[Thrips tabaci]]'' ny ''Ocimum gratissimum'' ka noho izany dia fitaovana mahasoa hoentina mandroaka bibikely amin' ny voly hafa<ref><small>Kirk, William D. J.; de Kogel, Willem Jan; Koschier, Elisabeth H.; Teulon, David A. J. (2021-01-07). "[https://keele-repository.worktribe.com/ Semiochemicals for Thrips and Their Use in Pest Management]". ''Annual Review of Entomology''. 66 (1). Annual Reviews: 101–119. doi:10.1146/annurev-ento-022020-081531. ISSN 0066-4170. <nowiki>PMID 33417819</nowiki>. S2CID 231304158.</small></ref>. Ny ''Thrips tabaci'' dia bibikely mpanindrona ny ravin' ny voly maro ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Solanaceae]]'' ([[Solanum lycopersicum|voatabia]], [[Paraky (zavamaniry)|paraky]], sns) sy ny ''[[Lamiaceae|Liliaceae]]'' ([[Allium|tongolo]], [[Allium sativum|tongologasy]], sns) ary ny hafa. == Jereo koa == * ''[[Ocimum]]'' * [[Romba]]: ''[[Coelocarpum madagascariense]]'' <small>(Scott-Elliot) Moldenke</small> (''[[Lamiaceae]]''); ''[[Ocimum basilicum]]'' <small>L.</small> (''Lamiaceae''); ''[[Ocimum americanum]]'' <small>L.</small> (← ''Ocimum canum'', ''Ocimum tenellum'') (''Lamiaceae''); ''Ocimum gratissimum'' <small>L.</small> (← ''Ocimum suave'' <small>Willd</small>) (''Lamiaceae'') == Loharano == p9ujnqdax5gnlmuicoj0e8mcx6y0xos 0 302518 1152472 2026-10-24T13:39:46Z Thelezifor 15140 nanova ny anaran'i [[Serfa]] ho [[Cervidae]] i Thelezifor 1152472 wikitext text/x-wiki #FIHODINANA [[Cervidae]] jn1dec0ipjq367wy2c7b5ifwkzquko0 0 302519 1152475 2026-10-24T13:44:32Z Mammysou17 34685 Noforonina tamin'ny alalan'ny fandikana an'i "[[:fr:Special:Redirect/revision/240569928|Conférence d'Erevan de 2026 sur la biodiversité]]" 1152475 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Événement|nom=COP 17|image=COP 17 CBD Logo.png|taille=|légende=|type=[[Conférence des parties]]|édition={{17e}}|localisation=[[Erevan]]|latitude=|longitude=|géolocalisation=|organisateur=[[Arménie]]|date=18 au 30 octobre 2026|participant=Pays membres de la [[Convention sur la diversité biologique]]|fréquentation=|site web=[https://www.cbd.int/conferences/2026 www.cbd.int/conferences/2026]|précèdent=2024 : [[Conférence de Cali de 2024 sur la biodiversité|Conférence de Cali]] (COP16)|suivant=2028 :}} Ny '''Fihaonambe Momba ny Zavamananaina 2026 any Yerevan''', na '''COP 17''', dia fihaonambe iraisam-pirenena karakarain'ny [[Firenena Mikambana]] izay hatao amin'ny taona 2026 any [[Yerevan]], [[Armenia]] . Izy no 17 Fihaonamben'ny Antoko (noho izany ny fanafohezana azy) ary mampivondrona ireo firenena nanao sonia ny Fifanarahana momba ny Fahasamihafan'ny Zavamananaina (CBD), fifanarahana iraisam-pirenena nolaniana nandritra ny Fihaonambe Momba ny Tany tao [[Rio de Janeiro (tanàna)|Rio de Janeiro]] tamin'ny [[1992]] . Ny iray amin'ireo tanjona lehibe dia ny handinika ireo fanoloran-tena nataon'ireo firenena samihafa tamin'ny taona 2022 ao amin'ny Global Biodiversity Framework . == fikambanana == === Daty sy toerana === Voafidy handray ny COP 17 tamin'ny 31 octobre 2024 tao amin'ny fihaonambe tao Cali i Armenia taorian'ny latsa-bato tsy mbola nisy toa azy nataon'ireo firenena mpikambana tao amin'ny fivorian'ny Fifanarahana momba ny Fahasamihafan'ny Zavamananaina (CBD) tao Cali, Kolombia. Firenena roa no kandidà, dia [[Azerbaijàna|i Azerbaijan]] sy [[Armenia|i Armenia]], izay efa niady nandritra ny am-polony taona maro. Sambany teo amin'ny tantaran'ny CBD no tsy maintsy nanaovana latsa-bato miafina mba hanapahan-kevitra eo amin'izy ireo. Nandresy tamin'ny {{Nowrap|65 suffrages}} i Armenia raha 58 kosa no vato azony, hoy ny nambaran'ny filohan'ny COP16 nandritra ny fivoriana feno,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Le Monde avec AFP |date=1er novembre 2024 |title=La COP17 sur la biodiversité, en 2026, aura lieu en Arménie, élue face à son ennemi, l’Azerbaïdjan |url=https://www.lemonde.fr/planete/article/2024/11/01/la-cop17-sur-la-biodiversite-en-2026-aura-lieu-en-armenie-elue-face-a-son-ennemie-l-azerbaidjan_6369826_3244.html |access-date=3 novembre 2024 |website=lemonde.fr}}.</ref>.<ref>{{Cite web |date=1er novembre 2024 |title=La prochaine COP17 sur la biodiversité aura lieu en 2026 en Arménie |url=https://www.ouest-france.fr/environnement/cop-biodiversite/la-prochaine-cop17-sur-la-biodiversite-aura-lieu-en-2026-en-armenie-218d06f2-9833-11ef-8427-693a3d68f0d6 |access-date=3 novembre 2024 |website=ouest-france.fr}}.</ref> Hatao any Yerevan ny COP faha-17 manomboka 30 octobre 2026 . [https://www.ateliersbiodiversite.org/post/cop17-%C3%A0-erevan-arm%C3%A9nie-de-la-convention-sur-la-diversit%C3%A9-biologique-cdb-2026 COP 17 Zavamananaina isan-karazany 2026] == Tanjona == Ny iray amin'ireo tanjon'ny COP 17 dia ny hanatanteraka ny famerenana maneran-tany voalohany momba ny fandrosoana iraisana vita tamin'ny fampiharana ny Kunming Global Biodiversity Framework any Montréal, izay nolaniana tamin'ny Desambra 2022 tao amin'ny COP 15 . Ity famerenana ity dia tokony ahafahana manombana ny fandrosoana vitan'ireo firenena nanao sonia ary mamaritra ireo fepetra ilaina mba hanafainganana ny fanatanterahana ny tanjony amin'ny taona 2030.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Seventeenth meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity (COP 17) |url=https://www.cbd.int/conferences/2026 |access-date=12 octobre 2026 |website=Convention on Biological Diversity |language=en}}</ref> Ny Global Biodiversity Framework dia mametraka tanjona maharitra efatra ho an'ny taona 2050 sy tanjona 23 hotratrarina amin'ny taona 2030. Anisan'izany, ankoatra ny zavatra hafa, ny fiarovana sy ny famerenana amin'ny laoniny [[Rafi-tontolo iainana|ny tontolo iainana]], ny fampihenana ny fandrahonana ny karazam-biby, ny fampiasana maharitra ny zavamananaina isan-karazany ary ny fampiasana ny loharanon-karena ara-bola ho fiarovana azy.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework |url=https://www.cbd.int/gbf |access-date=12 octobre 2026 |website=Convention on Biological Diversity |language=en}}</ref> == Jereo koa == * Fahaverezan'ny zavamananaina isan-karazany * Rafitra Iraisam-pirenena momba ny Zavamananaina ao Kunming ao Montréal == Fanamarihana sy referansa == === -tsoratra === === References === {{Reflist}} ornjmhkt859imkw3m1ext58b2xkkxdh 1152476 1152475 2026-10-24T13:45:09Z Mammysou17 34685 1152476 wikitext text/x-wiki Ny '''Fihaonambe Momba ny Zavamananaina 2026 any Yerevan''', na '''COP 17''', dia fihaonambe iraisam-pirenena karakarain'ny [[Firenena Mikambana]] izay hatao amin'ny taona 2026 any [[Yerevan]], [[Armenia]]. Izy no 17 Fihaonamben'ny Antoko (noho izany ny fanafohezana azy) ary mampivondrona ireo firenena nanao sonia ny Fifanarahana momba ny Fahasamihafan'ny Zavamananaina (CBD), fifanarahana iraisam-pirenena nolaniana nandritra ny Fihaonambe Momba ny Tany tao [[Rio de Janeiro (tanàna)|Rio de Janeiro]] tamin'ny [[1992]] . Ny iray amin'ireo tanjona lehibe dia ny handinika ireo fanoloran-tena nataon'ireo firenena samihafa tamin'ny taona 2022 ao amin'ny Global Biodiversity Framework . == fikambanana == === Daty sy toerana === Voafidy handray ny COP 17 tamin'ny 31 octobre 2024 tao amin'ny fihaonambe tao Cali i Armenia taorian'ny latsa-bato tsy mbola nisy toa azy nataon'ireo firenena mpikambana tao amin'ny fivorian'ny Fifanarahana momba ny Fahasamihafan'ny Zavamananaina (CBD) tao Cali, Kolombia. Firenena roa no kandidà, dia [[Azerbaijàna|i Azerbaijan]] sy [[Armenia|i Armenia]], izay efa niady nandritra ny am-polony taona maro. Sambany teo amin'ny tantaran'ny CBD no tsy maintsy nanaovana latsa-bato miafina mba hanapahan-kevitra eo amin'izy ireo. Nandresy tamin'ny {{Nowrap|65 suffrages}} i Armenia raha 58 kosa no vato azony, hoy ny nambaran'ny filohan'ny COP16 nandritra ny fivoriana feno,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Le Monde avec AFP |date=1er novembre 2024 |title=La COP17 sur la biodiversité, en 2026, aura lieu en Arménie, élue face à son ennemi, l’Azerbaïdjan |url=https://www.lemonde.fr/planete/article/2024/11/01/la-cop17-sur-la-biodiversite-en-2026-aura-lieu-en-armenie-elue-face-a-son-ennemie-l-azerbaidjan_6369826_3244.html |access-date=3 novembre 2024 |website=lemonde.fr}}.</ref>.<ref>{{Cite web |date=1er novembre 2024 |title=La prochaine COP17 sur la biodiversité aura lieu en 2026 en Arménie |url=https://www.ouest-france.fr/environnement/cop-biodiversite/la-prochaine-cop17-sur-la-biodiversite-aura-lieu-en-2026-en-armenie-218d06f2-9833-11ef-8427-693a3d68f0d6 |access-date=3 novembre 2024 |website=ouest-france.fr}}.</ref> Hatao any Yerevan ny COP faha-17 manomboka 30 octobre 2026 . [https://www.ateliersbiodiversite.org/post/cop17-%C3%A0-erevan-arm%C3%A9nie-de-la-convention-sur-la-diversit%C3%A9-biologique-cdb-2026 COP 17 Zavamananaina isan-karazany 2026] == Tanjona == Ny iray amin'ireo tanjon'ny COP 17 dia ny hanatanteraka ny famerenana maneran-tany voalohany momba ny fandrosoana iraisana vita tamin'ny fampiharana ny Kunming Global Biodiversity Framework any Montréal, izay nolaniana tamin'ny Desambra 2022 tao amin'ny COP 15 . Ity famerenana ity dia tokony ahafahana manombana ny fandrosoana vitan'ireo firenena nanao sonia ary mamaritra ireo fepetra ilaina mba hanafainganana ny fanatanterahana ny tanjony amin'ny taona 2030.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Seventeenth meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity (COP 17) |url=https://www.cbd.int/conferences/2026 |access-date=12 octobre 2026 |website=Convention on Biological Diversity |language=en}}</ref> Ny Global Biodiversity Framework dia mametraka tanjona maharitra efatra ho an'ny taona 2050 sy tanjona 23 hotratrarina amin'ny taona 2030. Anisan'izany, ankoatra ny zavatra hafa, ny fiarovana sy ny famerenana amin'ny laoniny [[Rafi-tontolo iainana|ny tontolo iainana]], ny fampihenana ny fandrahonana ny karazam-biby, ny fampiasana maharitra ny zavamananaina isan-karazany ary ny fampiasana ny loharanon-karena ara-bola ho fiarovana azy.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework |url=https://www.cbd.int/gbf |access-date=12 octobre 2026 |website=Convention on Biological Diversity |language=en}}</ref> == Jereo koa == * Fahaverezan'ny zavamananaina isan-karazany * Rafitra Iraisam-pirenena momba ny Zavamananaina ao Kunming ao Montréal == Fanamarihana sy referansa == === -tsoratra === === References === {{Reflist}} jvy90u2uobieayqbaybkiloll9pu41f 1152477 1152476 2026-10-24T13:46:04Z Mammysou17 34685 1152477 wikitext text/x-wiki Ny '''Fihaonambe Momba ny Zavamananaina 2026 any Yerevan''', na '''COP 17''', dia fihaonambe iraisam-pirenena karakarain'ny [[Firenena Mikambana]] izay hatao amin'ny taona 2026 any [[Yerevan]], [[Armenia]]. Izy no 17 Fihaonamben'ny Antoko (noho izany ny fanafohezana azy) ary mampivondrona ireo firenena nanao sonia ny Fifanarahana momba ny Fahasamihafan'ny Zavamananaina (CBD), fifanarahana iraisam-pirenena nolaniana nandritra ny Fihaonambe Momba ny Tany tao [[Rio de Janeiro (tanàna)|Rio de Janeiro]] tamin'ny [[1992]] . Ny iray amin'ireo tanjona lehibe dia ny handinika ireo fanoloran-tena nataon'ireo firenena samihafa tamin'ny taona 2022 ao amin'ny Global Biodiversity Framework . == Fikambanana == === Daty sy toerana === Voafidy handray ny COP 17 tamin'ny 31 octobre 2024 tao amin'ny fihaonambe tao Cali i Armenia taorian'ny latsa-bato tsy mbola nisy toa azy nataon'ireo firenena mpikambana tao amin'ny fivorian'ny Fifanarahana momba ny Fahasamihafan'ny Zavamananaina (CBD) tao Cali, Kolombia. Firenena roa no kandidà, dia [[Azerbaijàna|i Azerbaijan]] sy [[Armenia|i Armenia]], izay efa niady nandritra ny am-polony taona maro. Sambany teo amin'ny tantaran'ny CBD no tsy maintsy nanaovana latsa-bato miafina mba hanapahan-kevitra eo amin'izy ireo. Nandresy tamin'ny {{Nowrap|65 suffrages}} i Armenia raha 58 kosa no vato azony, hoy ny nambaran'ny filohan'ny COP16 nandritra ny fivoriana feno,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Le Monde avec AFP |date=1er novembre 2024 |title=La COP17 sur la biodiversité, en 2026, aura lieu en Arménie, élue face à son ennemi, l’Azerbaïdjan |url=https://www.lemonde.fr/planete/article/2024/11/01/la-cop17-sur-la-biodiversite-en-2026-aura-lieu-en-armenie-elue-face-a-son-ennemie-l-azerbaidjan_6369826_3244.html |access-date=3 novembre 2024 |website=lemonde.fr}}.</ref>.<ref>{{Cite web |date=1er novembre 2024 |title=La prochaine COP17 sur la biodiversité aura lieu en 2026 en Arménie |url=https://www.ouest-france.fr/environnement/cop-biodiversite/la-prochaine-cop17-sur-la-biodiversite-aura-lieu-en-2026-en-armenie-218d06f2-9833-11ef-8427-693a3d68f0d6 |access-date=3 novembre 2024 |website=ouest-france.fr}}.</ref> Hatao any Yerevan ny COP faha-17 manomboka 30 octobre 2026 . [https://www.ateliersbiodiversite.org/post/cop17-%C3%A0-erevan-arm%C3%A9nie-de-la-convention-sur-la-diversit%C3%A9-biologique-cdb-2026 COP 17 Zavamananaina isan-karazany 2026] == Tanjona == Ny iray amin'ireo tanjon'ny COP 17 dia ny hanatanteraka ny famerenana maneran-tany voalohany momba ny fandrosoana iraisana vita tamin'ny fampiharana ny Kunming Global Biodiversity Framework any Montréal, izay nolaniana tamin'ny Desambra 2022 tao amin'ny COP 15 . Ity famerenana ity dia tokony ahafahana manombana ny fandrosoana vitan'ireo firenena nanao sonia ary mamaritra ireo fepetra ilaina mba hanafainganana ny fanatanterahana ny tanjony amin'ny taona 2030.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Seventeenth meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity (COP 17) |url=https://www.cbd.int/conferences/2026 |access-date=12 octobre 2026 |website=Convention on Biological Diversity |language=en}}</ref> Ny Global Biodiversity Framework dia mametraka tanjona maharitra efatra ho an'ny taona 2050 sy tanjona 23 hotratrarina amin'ny taona 2030. Anisan'izany, ankoatra ny zavatra hafa, ny fiarovana sy ny famerenana amin'ny laoniny [[Rafi-tontolo iainana|ny tontolo iainana]], ny fampihenana ny fandrahonana ny karazam-biby, ny fampiasana maharitra ny zavamananaina isan-karazany ary ny fampiasana ny loharanon-karena ara-bola ho fiarovana azy <ref>https://www.cbd.int/gbf</ref>. == Jereo koa == * Fahaverezan'ny zavamananaina isan-karazany * Rafitra Iraisam-pirenena momba ny Zavamananaina ao Kunming ao Montréal == Fanamarihana sy referansa == === -tsoratra === === References === {{Reflist}} cnh5a0qidy3n6jvrkdkrjfkpit7t6np 1152479 1152477 2026-10-24T13:47:44Z Mammysou17 34685 /* References */ 1152479 wikitext text/x-wiki Ny '''Fihaonambe Momba ny Zavamananaina 2026 any Yerevan''', na '''COP 17''', dia fihaonambe iraisam-pirenena karakarain'ny [[Firenena Mikambana]] izay hatao amin'ny taona 2026 any [[Yerevan]], [[Armenia]]. Izy no 17 Fihaonamben'ny Antoko (noho izany ny fanafohezana azy) ary mampivondrona ireo firenena nanao sonia ny Fifanarahana momba ny Fahasamihafan'ny Zavamananaina (CBD), fifanarahana iraisam-pirenena nolaniana nandritra ny Fihaonambe Momba ny Tany tao [[Rio de Janeiro (tanàna)|Rio de Janeiro]] tamin'ny [[1992]] . Ny iray amin'ireo tanjona lehibe dia ny handinika ireo fanoloran-tena nataon'ireo firenena samihafa tamin'ny taona 2022 ao amin'ny Global Biodiversity Framework . == Fikambanana == === Daty sy toerana === Voafidy handray ny COP 17 tamin'ny 31 octobre 2024 tao amin'ny fihaonambe tao Cali i Armenia taorian'ny latsa-bato tsy mbola nisy toa azy nataon'ireo firenena mpikambana tao amin'ny fivorian'ny Fifanarahana momba ny Fahasamihafan'ny Zavamananaina (CBD) tao Cali, Kolombia. Firenena roa no kandidà, dia [[Azerbaijàna|i Azerbaijan]] sy [[Armenia|i Armenia]], izay efa niady nandritra ny am-polony taona maro. Sambany teo amin'ny tantaran'ny CBD no tsy maintsy nanaovana latsa-bato miafina mba hanapahan-kevitra eo amin'izy ireo. Nandresy tamin'ny {{Nowrap|65 suffrages}} i Armenia raha 58 kosa no vato azony, hoy ny nambaran'ny filohan'ny COP16 nandritra ny fivoriana feno,<ref>https://www.lemonde.fr/planete/article/2024/11/01/la-cop17-sur-la-biodiversite-en-2026-aura-lieu-en-armenie-elue-face-a-son-ennemie-l-azerbaidjan_6369826_3244.html</ref>.<ref>{{Cite web |date=1er novembre 2024 |title=La prochaine COP17 sur la biodiversité aura lieu en 2026 en Arménie |url=https://www.ouest-france.fr/environnement/cop-biodiversite/la-prochaine-cop17-sur-la-biodiversite-aura-lieu-en-2026-en-armenie-218d06f2-9833-11ef-8427-693a3d68f0d6 |access-date=3 novembre 2024 |website=ouest-france.fr}}.</ref> Hatao any Yerevan ny COP faha-17 manomboka 30 octobre 2026 . [https://www.ateliersbiodiversite.org/post/cop17-%C3%A0-erevan-arm%C3%A9nie-de-la-convention-sur-la-diversit%C3%A9-biologique-cdb-2026 COP 17 Zavamananaina isan-karazany 2026] == Tanjona == Ny iray amin'ireo tanjon'ny COP 17 dia ny hanatanteraka ny famerenana maneran-tany voalohany momba ny fandrosoana iraisana vita tamin'ny fampiharana ny Kunming Global Biodiversity Framework any Montréal, izay nolaniana tamin'ny Desambra 2022 tao amin'ny COP 15 . Ity famerenana ity dia tokony ahafahana manombana ny fandrosoana vitan'ireo firenena nanao sonia ary mamaritra ireo fepetra ilaina mba hanafainganana ny fanatanterahana ny tanjony amin'ny taona 2030.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Seventeenth meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity (COP 17) |url=https://www.cbd.int/conferences/2026 |access-date=12 octobre 2026 |website=Convention on Biological Diversity |language=en}}</ref> Ny Global Biodiversity Framework dia mametraka tanjona maharitra efatra ho an'ny taona 2050 sy tanjona 23 hotratrarina amin'ny taona 2030. Anisan'izany, ankoatra ny zavatra hafa, ny fiarovana sy ny famerenana amin'ny laoniny [[Rafi-tontolo iainana|ny tontolo iainana]], ny fampihenana ny fandrahonana ny karazam-biby, ny fampiasana maharitra ny zavamananaina isan-karazany ary ny fampiasana ny loharanon-karena ara-bola ho fiarovana azy <ref>https://www.cbd.int/gbf</ref>. == Jereo koa == * Fahaverezan'ny zavamananaina isan-karazany * Rafitra Iraisam-pirenena momba ny Zavamananaina ao Kunming ao Montréal == Fanamarihana sy referansa == === -tsoratra === === References === {{Reflist}} hv79usuxzp97x45vtx3edgfjad3qun4 1152480 1152479 2026-10-24T13:48:42Z Mammysou17 34685 1152480 wikitext text/x-wiki Ny '''Fihaonambe Momba ny Zavamananaina 2026 any Yerevan''', na '''COP 17''', dia fihaonambe iraisam-pirenena karakarain'ny [[Firenena Mikambana]] izay hatao amin'ny taona 2026 any [[Yerevan]], [[Armenia]]. Izy no 17 Fihaonamben'ny Antoko (noho izany ny fanafohezana azy) ary mampivondrona ireo firenena nanao sonia ny Fifanarahana momba ny Fahasamihafan'ny Zavamananaina (CBD), fifanarahana iraisam-pirenena nolaniana nandritra ny Fihaonambe Momba ny Tany tao [[Rio de Janeiro (tanàna)|Rio de Janeiro]] tamin'ny [[1992]] . Ny iray amin'ireo tanjona lehibe dia ny handinika ireo fanoloran-tena nataon'ireo firenena samihafa tamin'ny taona 2022 ao amin'ny Global Biodiversity Framework . == Fikambanana == === Daty sy toerana === Voafidy handray ny COP 17 tamin'ny 31 octobre 2024 tao amin'ny fihaonambe tao Cali i Armenia taorian'ny latsa-bato tsy mbola nisy toa azy nataon'ireo firenena mpikambana tao amin'ny fivorian'ny Fifanarahana momba ny Fahasamihafan'ny Zavamananaina (CBD) tao Cali, Kolombia. Firenena roa no kandidà, dia [[Azerbaijàna|i Azerbaijan]] sy [[Armenia|i Armenia]], izay efa niady nandritra ny am-polony taona maro. Sambany teo amin'ny tantaran'ny CBD no tsy maintsy nanaovana latsa-bato miafina mba hanapahan-kevitra eo amin'izy ireo. Nandresy tamin'ny {{Nowrap|65 suffrages}} i Armenia raha 58 kosa no vato azony, hoy ny nambaran'ny filohan'ny COP16 nandritra ny fivoriana feno,<ref>https://www.lemonde.fr/planete/article/2024/11/01/la-cop17-sur-la-biodiversite-en-2026-aura-lieu-en-armenie-elue-face-a-son-ennemie-l-azerbaidjan_6369826_3244.html</ref>.<ref>https://www.ouest-france.fr/environnement/cop-biodiversite/la-prochaine-cop17-sur-la-biodiversite-aura-lieu-en-2026-en-armenie-218d06f2-9833-11ef-8427-693a3d68f0d6</ref> Hatao any Yerevan ny COP faha-17 manomboka 30 octobre 2026 . [https://www.ateliersbiodiversite.org/post/cop17-%C3%A0-erevan-arm%C3%A9nie-de-la-convention-sur-la-diversit%C3%A9-biologique-cdb-2026 COP 17 Zavamananaina isan-karazany 2026] == Tanjona == Ny iray amin'ireo tanjon'ny COP 17 dia ny hanatanteraka ny famerenana maneran-tany voalohany momba ny fandrosoana iraisana vita tamin'ny fampiharana ny Kunming Global Biodiversity Framework any Montréal, izay nolaniana tamin'ny Desambra 2022 tao amin'ny COP 15 . Ity famerenana ity dia tokony ahafahana manombana ny fandrosoana vitan'ireo firenena nanao sonia ary mamaritra ireo fepetra ilaina mba hanafainganana ny fanatanterahana ny tanjony amin'ny taona 2030.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Seventeenth meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity (COP 17) |url=https://www.cbd.int/conferences/2026 |access-date=12 octobre 2026 |website=Convention on Biological Diversity |language=en}}</ref> Ny Global Biodiversity Framework dia mametraka tanjona maharitra efatra ho an'ny taona 2050 sy tanjona 23 hotratrarina amin'ny taona 2030. Anisan'izany, ankoatra ny zavatra hafa, ny fiarovana sy ny famerenana amin'ny laoniny [[Rafi-tontolo iainana|ny tontolo iainana]], ny fampihenana ny fandrahonana ny karazam-biby, ny fampiasana maharitra ny zavamananaina isan-karazany ary ny fampiasana ny loharanon-karena ara-bola ho fiarovana azy <ref>https://www.cbd.int/gbf</ref>. == Jereo koa == * Fahaverezan'ny zavamananaina isan-karazany * Rafitra Iraisam-pirenena momba ny Zavamananaina ao Kunming ao Montréal == Fanamarihana sy referansa == === -tsoratra === === References === {{Reflist}} 3mfo3y3oa54girmw10go5w9gq8qjf93 1152481 1152480 2026-10-24T13:49:11Z Mammysou17 34685 1152481 wikitext text/x-wiki Ny '''Fihaonambe Momba ny Zavamananaina 2026 any Yerevan''', na '''COP 17''', dia fihaonambe iraisam-pirenena karakarain'ny [[Firenena Mikambana]] izay hatao amin'ny taona 2026 any [[Yerevan]], [[Armenia]]. Izy no 17 Fihaonamben'ny Antoko (noho izany ny fanafohezana azy) ary mampivondrona ireo firenena nanao sonia ny Fifanarahana momba ny Fahasamihafan'ny Zavamananaina (CBD), fifanarahana iraisam-pirenena nolaniana nandritra ny Fihaonambe Momba ny Tany tao [[Rio de Janeiro (tanàna)|Rio de Janeiro]] tamin'ny [[1992]] . Ny iray amin'ireo tanjona lehibe dia ny handinika ireo fanoloran-tena nataon'ireo firenena samihafa tamin'ny taona 2022 ao amin'ny Global Biodiversity Framework . == Fikambanana == === Daty sy toerana === Voafidy handray ny COP 17 tamin'ny 31 octobre 2024 tao amin'ny fihaonambe tao Cali i Armenia taorian'ny latsa-bato tsy mbola nisy toa azy nataon'ireo firenena mpikambana tao amin'ny fivorian'ny Fifanarahana momba ny Fahasamihafan'ny Zavamananaina (CBD) tao Cali, Kolombia. Firenena roa no kandidà, dia [[Azerbaijàna|i Azerbaijan]] sy [[Armenia|i Armenia]], izay efa niady nandritra ny am-polony taona maro. Sambany teo amin'ny tantaran'ny CBD no tsy maintsy nanaovana latsa-bato miafina mba hanapahan-kevitra eo amin'izy ireo. Nandresy tamin'ny {{Nowrap|65 suffrages}} i Armenia raha 58 kosa no vato azony, hoy ny nambaran'ny filohan'ny COP16 nandritra ny fivoriana feno,<ref>https://www.lemonde.fr/planete/article/2024/11/01/la-cop17-sur-la-biodiversite-en-2026-aura-lieu-en-armenie-elue-face-a-son-ennemie-l-azerbaidjan_6369826_3244.html</ref>.<ref>https://www.ouest-france.fr/environnement/cop-biodiversite/la-prochaine-cop17-sur-la-biodiversite-aura-lieu-en-2026-en-armenie-218d06f2-9833-11ef-8427-693a3d68f0d6</ref> Hatao any Yerevan ny COP faha-17 manomboka 30 octobre 2026 . [https://www.ateliersbiodiversite.org/post/cop17-%C3%A0-erevan-arm%C3%A9nie-de-la-convention-sur-la-diversit%C3%A9-biologique-cdb-2026 COP 17 Zavamananaina isan-karazany 2026] == Tanjona == Ny iray amin'ireo tanjon'ny COP 17 dia ny hanatanteraka ny famerenana maneran-tany voalohany momba ny fandrosoana iraisana vita tamin'ny fampiharana ny Kunming Global Biodiversity Framework any Montréal, izay nolaniana tamin'ny Desambra 2022 tao amin'ny COP 15 . Ity famerenana ity dia tokony ahafahana manombana ny fandrosoana vitan'ireo firenena nanao sonia ary mamaritra ireo fepetra ilaina mba hanafainganana ny fanatanterahana ny tanjony amin'ny taona 2030.<ref>https://www.cbd.int/conferences/2026</ref> Ny Global Biodiversity Framework dia mametraka tanjona maharitra efatra ho an'ny taona 2050 sy tanjona 23 hotratrarina amin'ny taona 2030. Anisan'izany, ankoatra ny zavatra hafa, ny fiarovana sy ny famerenana amin'ny laoniny [[Rafi-tontolo iainana|ny tontolo iainana]], ny fampihenana ny fandrahonana ny karazam-biby, ny fampiasana maharitra ny zavamananaina isan-karazany ary ny fampiasana ny loharanon-karena ara-bola ho fiarovana azy <ref>https://www.cbd.int/gbf</ref>. == Jereo koa == * Fahaverezan'ny zavamananaina isan-karazany * Rafitra Iraisam-pirenena momba ny Zavamananaina ao Kunming ao Montréal == Fanamarihana sy referansa == === -tsoratra === === References === {{Reflist}} m8muecvla6ejd4hn3chro9spu0iz4jn 1152482 1152481 2026-10-24T13:51:33Z Mammysou17 34685 1152482 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:UN Biodiversity Conference COP17 venue entrance in Yerevan, Armenia.jpg|vignette|Fidirana ao amin'ny COP17]] Ny '''Fihaonambe Momba ny Zavamananaina 2026 any Yerevan''', na '''COP 17''', dia fihaonambe iraisam-pirenena karakarain'ny [[Firenena Mikambana]] izay hatao amin'ny taona 2026 any [[Yerevan]], [[Armenia]]. Izy no 17 Fihaonamben'ny Antoko (noho izany ny fanafohezana azy) ary mampivondrona ireo firenena nanao sonia ny Fifanarahana momba ny Fahasamihafan'ny Zavamananaina (CBD), fifanarahana iraisam-pirenena nolaniana nandritra ny Fihaonambe Momba ny Tany tao [[Rio de Janeiro (tanàna)|Rio de Janeiro]] tamin'ny [[1992]] . Ny iray amin'ireo tanjona lehibe dia ny handinika ireo fanoloran-tena nataon'ireo firenena samihafa tamin'ny taona 2022 ao amin'ny Global Biodiversity Framework . == Fikambanana == === Daty sy toerana === Voafidy handray ny COP 17 tamin'ny 31 octobre 2024 tao amin'ny fihaonambe tao Cali i Armenia taorian'ny latsa-bato tsy mbola nisy toa azy nataon'ireo firenena mpikambana tao amin'ny fivorian'ny Fifanarahana momba ny Fahasamihafan'ny Zavamananaina (CBD) tao Cali, Kolombia. Firenena roa no kandidà, dia [[Azerbaijàna|i Azerbaijan]] sy [[Armenia|i Armenia]], izay efa niady nandritra ny am-polony taona maro. Sambany teo amin'ny tantaran'ny CBD no tsy maintsy nanaovana latsa-bato miafina mba hanapahan-kevitra eo amin'izy ireo. Nandresy tamin'ny {{Nowrap|65 suffrages}} i Armenia raha 58 kosa no vato azony, hoy ny nambaran'ny filohan'ny COP16 nandritra ny fivoriana feno,<ref>https://www.lemonde.fr/planete/article/2024/11/01/la-cop17-sur-la-biodiversite-en-2026-aura-lieu-en-armenie-elue-face-a-son-ennemie-l-azerbaidjan_6369826_3244.html</ref>.<ref>https://www.ouest-france.fr/environnement/cop-biodiversite/la-prochaine-cop17-sur-la-biodiversite-aura-lieu-en-2026-en-armenie-218d06f2-9833-11ef-8427-693a3d68f0d6</ref> Hatao any Yerevan ny COP faha-17 manomboka 30 octobre 2026 . [https://www.ateliersbiodiversite.org/post/cop17-%C3%A0-erevan-arm%C3%A9nie-de-la-convention-sur-la-diversit%C3%A9-biologique-cdb-2026 COP 17 Zavamananaina isan-karazany 2026] == Tanjona == Ny iray amin'ireo tanjon'ny COP 17 dia ny hanatanteraka ny famerenana maneran-tany voalohany momba ny fandrosoana iraisana vita tamin'ny fampiharana ny Kunming Global Biodiversity Framework any Montréal, izay nolaniana tamin'ny Desambra 2022 tao amin'ny COP 15 . Ity famerenana ity dia tokony ahafahana manombana ny fandrosoana vitan'ireo firenena nanao sonia ary mamaritra ireo fepetra ilaina mba hanafainganana ny fanatanterahana ny tanjony amin'ny taona 2030.<ref>https://www.cbd.int/conferences/2026</ref> Ny Global Biodiversity Framework dia mametraka tanjona maharitra efatra ho an'ny taona 2050 sy tanjona 23 hotratrarina amin'ny taona 2030. Anisan'izany, ankoatra ny zavatra hafa, ny fiarovana sy ny famerenana amin'ny laoniny [[Rafi-tontolo iainana|ny tontolo iainana]], ny fampihenana ny fandrahonana ny karazam-biby, ny fampiasana maharitra ny zavamananaina isan-karazany ary ny fampiasana ny loharanon-karena ara-bola ho fiarovana azy <ref>https://www.cbd.int/gbf</ref>. == Jereo koa == * Fahaverezan'ny zavamananaina isan-karazany * Rafitra Iraisam-pirenena momba ny Zavamananaina ao Kunming ao Montréal == Fanamarihana sy referansa == === -tsoratra === === References === {{Reflist}} ljpy9rv6775shps43y4p5potjrp6fbu 1152483 1152482 2026-10-24T13:52:56Z Mammysou17 34685 1152483 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:UN Biodiversity Conference COP17 venue entrance in Yerevan, Armenia.jpg|vignette|Fidirana ao amin'ny COP17|300x300px]] Ny '''Fihaonambe Momba ny Zavamananaina 2026 any Yerevan''', na '''COP 17''', dia fihaonambe iraisam-pirenena karakarain'ny [[Firenena Mikambana]] izay hatao amin'ny taona 2026 any [[Yerevan]], [[Armenia]]. Izy no 17 Fihaonamben'ny Antoko (noho izany ny fanafohezana azy) ary mampivondrona ireo firenena nanao sonia ny Fifanarahana momba ny Fahasamihafan'ny Zavamananaina (CBD), fifanarahana iraisam-pirenena nolaniana nandritra ny Fihaonambe Momba ny Tany tao [[Rio de Janeiro (tanàna)|Rio de Janeiro]] tamin'ny [[1992]] . Ny iray amin'ireo tanjona lehibe dia ny handinika ireo fanoloran-tena nataon'ireo firenena samihafa tamin'ny taona 2022 ao amin'ny Global Biodiversity Framework . == Fikambanana == === Daty sy toerana === Voafidy handray ny COP 17 tamin'ny 31 octobre 2024 tao amin'ny fihaonambe tao Cali i Armenia taorian'ny latsa-bato tsy mbola nisy toa azy nataon'ireo firenena mpikambana tao amin'ny fivorian'ny Fifanarahana momba ny Fahasamihafan'ny Zavamananaina (CBD) tao Cali, Kolombia. Firenena roa no kandidà, dia [[Azerbaijàna|i Azerbaijan]] sy [[Armenia|i Armenia]], izay efa niady nandritra ny am-polony taona maro. Sambany teo amin'ny tantaran'ny CBD no tsy maintsy nanaovana latsa-bato miafina mba hanapahan-kevitra eo amin'izy ireo. Nandresy tamin'ny {{Nowrap|65 suffrages}} i Armenia raha 58 kosa no vato azony, hoy ny nambaran'ny filohan'ny COP16 nandritra ny fivoriana feno,<ref>https://www.lemonde.fr/planete/article/2024/11/01/la-cop17-sur-la-biodiversite-en-2026-aura-lieu-en-armenie-elue-face-a-son-ennemie-l-azerbaidjan_6369826_3244.html</ref>.<ref>https://www.ouest-france.fr/environnement/cop-biodiversite/la-prochaine-cop17-sur-la-biodiversite-aura-lieu-en-2026-en-armenie-218d06f2-9833-11ef-8427-693a3d68f0d6</ref> Hatao any Yerevan ny COP faha-17 manomboka 30 octobre 2026 . [https://www.ateliersbiodiversite.org/post/cop17-%C3%A0-erevan-arm%C3%A9nie-de-la-convention-sur-la-diversit%C3%A9-biologique-cdb-2026 COP 17 Zavamananaina isan-karazany 2026] == Tanjona == Ny iray amin'ireo tanjon'ny COP 17 dia ny hanatanteraka ny famerenana maneran-tany voalohany momba ny fandrosoana iraisana vita tamin'ny fampiharana ny Kunming Global Biodiversity Framework any Montréal, izay nolaniana tamin'ny Desambra 2022 tao amin'ny COP 15 . Ity famerenana ity dia tokony ahafahana manombana ny fandrosoana vitan'ireo firenena nanao sonia ary mamaritra ireo fepetra ilaina mba hanafainganana ny fanatanterahana ny tanjony amin'ny taona 2030.<ref>https://www.cbd.int/conferences/2026</ref> Ny Global Biodiversity Framework dia mametraka tanjona maharitra efatra ho an'ny taona 2050 sy tanjona 23 hotratrarina amin'ny taona 2030. Anisan'izany, ankoatra ny zavatra hafa, ny fiarovana sy ny famerenana amin'ny laoniny [[Rafi-tontolo iainana|ny tontolo iainana]], ny fampihenana ny fandrahonana ny karazam-biby, ny fampiasana maharitra ny zavamananaina isan-karazany ary ny fampiasana ny loharanon-karena ara-bola ho fiarovana azy <ref>https://www.cbd.int/gbf</ref>. == Jereo koa == * Fahaverezan'ny zavamananaina isan-karazany * Rafitra Iraisam-pirenena momba ny Zavamananaina ao Kunming ao Montréal == Fanamarihana sy referansa == === -tsoratra === === References === {{Reflist}} lxywf3g77hk8ownkwuytr7tcvapz5fm 1152485 1152483 2026-10-24T13:56:38Z Mammysou17 34685 1152485 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:UN Biodiversity Conference COP17 venue entrance in Yerevan, Armenia.jpg|vignette|Fidirana ao amin'ny COP17|300x300px]] Ny '''Fihaonambe Momba ny Zavamananaina 2026 any Yerevan''', na '''COP 17''', dia fihaonambe iraisam-pirenena karakarain'ny [[Firenena Mikambana]] izay hatao amin'ny taona 2026 any [[Yerevan]], [[Armenia]]. Izy no 17 Fihaonamben'ny Antoko (noho izany ny fanafohezana azy) ary mampivondrona ireo firenena nanao sonia ny Fifanarahana momba ny Fahasamihafan'ny Zavamananaina (CBD), fifanarahana iraisam-pirenena nolaniana nandritra ny Fihaonambe Momba ny Tany tao [[Rio de Janeiro (tanàna)|Rio de Janeiro]] tamin'ny [[1992]] . Ny iray amin'ireo tanjona lehibe dia ny handinika ireo fanoloran-tena nataon'ireo firenena samihafa tamin'ny taona 2022 ao amin'ny [https://www.cbd.int/gbf Global Biodiversity Framework] . == Fikambanana == === Daty sy toerana === Voafidy handray ny COP 17 tamin'ny 31 octobre 2024 tao amin'ny fihaonambe tao Cali i Armenia taorian'ny latsa-bato tsy mbola nisy toa azy nataon'ireo firenena mpikambana tao amin'ny fivorian'ny Fifanarahana momba ny Fahasamihafan'ny Zavamananaina (CBD) tao Cali, Kolombia. Firenena roa no kandidà, dia [[Azerbaijàna|i Azerbaijan]] sy [[Armenia|i Armenia]], izay efa niady nandritra ny am-polony taona maro. Sambany teo amin'ny tantaran'ny CBD no tsy maintsy nanaovana latsa-bato miafina mba hanapahan-kevitra eo amin'izy ireo. Nandresy tamin'ny {{Nowrap|65 suffrages}} i Armenia raha 58 kosa no vato azony, hoy ny nambaran'ny filohan'ny COP16 nandritra ny fivoriana feno,<ref>https://www.lemonde.fr/planete/article/2024/11/01/la-cop17-sur-la-biodiversite-en-2026-aura-lieu-en-armenie-elue-face-a-son-ennemie-l-azerbaidjan_6369826_3244.html</ref>.<ref>https://www.ouest-france.fr/environnement/cop-biodiversite/la-prochaine-cop17-sur-la-biodiversite-aura-lieu-en-2026-en-armenie-218d06f2-9833-11ef-8427-693a3d68f0d6</ref> Hatao any Yerevan ny COP faha-17 manomboka 30 octobre 2026 . [https://www.ateliersbiodiversite.org/post/cop17-%C3%A0-erevan-arm%C3%A9nie-de-la-convention-sur-la-diversit%C3%A9-biologique-cdb-2026 COP 17 Zavamananaina isan-karazany 2026] == Tanjona == Ny iray amin'ireo tanjon'ny COP 17 dia ny hanatanteraka ny famerenana maneran-tany voalohany momba ny fandrosoana iraisana vita tamin'ny fampiharana ny Kunming Global Biodiversity Framework any Montréal, izay nolaniana tamin'ny Desambra 2022 tao amin'ny COP 15 . Ity famerenana ity dia tokony ahafahana manombana ny fandrosoana vitan'ireo firenena nanao sonia ary mamaritra ireo fepetra ilaina mba hanafainganana ny fanatanterahana ny tanjony amin'ny taona 2030.<ref>https://www.cbd.int/conferences/2026</ref> Ny Global Biodiversity Framework dia mametraka tanjona maharitra efatra ho an'ny taona 2050 sy tanjona 23 hotratrarina amin'ny taona 2030. Anisan'izany, ankoatra ny zavatra hafa, ny fiarovana sy ny famerenana amin'ny laoniny [[Rafi-tontolo iainana|ny tontolo iainana]], ny fampihenana ny fandrahonana ny karazam-biby, ny fampiasana maharitra ny zavamananaina isan-karazany ary ny fampiasana ny loharanon-karena ara-bola ho fiarovana azy <ref>https://www.cbd.int/gbf</ref>. == Jereo koa == * Fahaverezan'ny zavamananaina isan-karazany * Rafitra Iraisam-pirenena momba ny Zavamananaina ao Kunming ao Montréal == Fanamarihana sy referansa == {{Reflist}} fx85hkgcuvnm6e6dlgdkz7qpdyk73r8 0 302520 1152487 2026-10-24T14:15:34Z Thelezifor 15140 Antokon-jamaniry mamony ao amin' ny fianakaviana Musaceae 1152487 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:Colbanana01.jpg|vignette|374x374px|Tanin' akondro]] Ny '''''Musa''''' dia antokon-jamaniry mamony [[tokan-dravin-tsimoka]] ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Musaceae]]'', ao amin' ny filharana [[Zingiberales]]. Maniry maharitra taona maro izy io sady be ravina, maitso lalandava, mitahiry rano betsaka. Tsy [[Hazo (zavamaniry)|hazo]] fa [[Zavamaniry ahitra|ahitra]] ny karazana ao amin' ny ''Musa'', tsy araka ny bika aman' endriny. Raha ny marina dia tsy tena manana vatany izy ireo, fa fitambarana ravina no mampitsangana azy. Ity antokon-javamaniry ity dia ahitana karazana enimpolo eo ho eo, izay maniry amin' ny faritra trôpikaly avokoa amin' ny ankamaroany, ary maro amin' izy ireo (ny [[Akondro (zavamaniry)|akondro]]) no ambolena hahazoana voany. Ny karazana sasany dia fanao haingo ary volena anaty trano fonenana any amin' ny tany manana [[toetany antonony]]. Zavamaniry avy any [[Azia Atsimo-Atsinanana]] ny ''Musa'', nefa vokarina manerana ny faritra mafana sy mando izy ireo ankehitriny, mba hahazoana ny voany sy ny [[Tsiraka|tsiratsiraka]] avy amin' ny vatany na ny raviny. == Toerana ahafahan' ny akondro maniry == [[Sary:Starr_050826-4195_Musa_sp..jpg|vignette|281x281px|Akondro]] Vokatra fahita manerana ny faritra rehetra manana [[toetanin-jana-pehin-tany]] ny akondro. Afaka maniry amin' ny toerana rehetra misy rano ny akondro na amin' ny tany mananana toetany misy [[ririnina]] tsy dia mangatsiaka loatra (toy ny an’ ny vondon-nosy [[Vondronosy Canarias|Canarias]] izay niavian' ny fambolena akondro any [[Amerika]]) na amin' ny tany mafana. Tsy afaka maniry amin' ny tany be [[orampanala]] anefa izy. Ny sala-maripana anatin' ny taona ahafahany maniry dia 20&#x20;°C, mila [[orana]] eo anelanelan' ny 1&nbsp;500&#x20;mm  sy 2&nbsp;000&#x20;mm  izy  hahafahany maniry tsara ary mila rivotra mando. Ny [[antsanga]] misy fotaka entin’ ny [[renirano]] sy ny ony no nofon-tany tiany aniriana. == Toetoetrany == === Vatany === [[Sary:Musa_beccarii_(Bananier)_-_77.jpg|vignette|309x309px|''Musa beccarii'']] Ny vatan' ny zavamaniry ao amin' ny ''Musa'' dia tsy inona fa tahon-dravina mifanosona sy mifampiditra ka miendrika [[varingarina]] matevina. Rehefa lehibe ny vatan' akondro dia mahatratra 3 hatramin' ny 12 m. === Ravina === Ny eny an-tampon' izany vatan' akondro izany dia ivoahan’ ny [[Ravina (zavamaniry)|ravina]] be velarana miainga avy eo afovoany ka mitodika any ivelany toa tana-masoandro, ny ankamaroan'ny raviny (ireo tsy eo afovoany) dia miondrika manondro ny tany. === Vony === [[Sary:Flower_banana.jpg|ankavia|vignette|210x210px|Embok' akondro]] Mivoaka avy eo afovoan' izay ivo isarahan'ny foto-dravina ny tahom-bonin' ny akondro. Ny vony lahy dia eo am-pototr' ilay tahom-bony fa ny vony vavy kosa dia eo an-tendron' ny tahom-bony. == Karazana == Mitsinjara ao amin' ny zanak' antoko telo ny karazana ankondro, dia ny ''Ingentimusa'' sy ny ''Eumusa'' ary ny ''Callimusa''. ==== ''Ingentimusa'' ==== * ''[[Musa ingens]]''. [[Sary:Musa_acuminata1.jpg|vignette|''[[Musa acuminata]]'']] ==== ''Eumusa'' ==== * ''[[Musa acuminata]]'' Colla * ''Musa angcorensis'' * ''Musa aurantiaca'' * ''Musa banksii'' * ''Musa balbisiana'' Colla * ''Musa basjoo'', bananier du Japon, très rustique * ''Musa cavendishii'' * ''Musa cheesmanii'' * ''Musa ensete'' * ''Musa flaviflora'' * ''Musa griersonii'' * ''Musa itinerans'' * ''Musa laterita'' * ''Musa mannii'' * ''Musa nagensium'' * ''Musa ochracea'' * ''Musa rubra'' * ''Musa sanguinea'' * ''Musa schizocarpa'' * ''Musa siamea'' * ''Musa sikkimensis'' * ''Musa thomsonii'' * ''[[Musa × paradisiaca]]'' L. * ''Musa velutina'' H.Wendl. & Drude * ''Musa'' sp. 'Burmese Blue' * ''Musa'' sp. 'VN1-054' [[Sary:Abaca_fiber.jpg|vignette|208x208px|''[[Musa textilis]]'' sy ny [[tsiraka]] azo avy aminy.]] ==== ''Callimusa'' ==== * ''Musa alinsanaya'' * ''Musa bauensis'' * ''Musa beccarii'' * ''Musa boman'' * ''Musa borneënsis'' * ''Musa bukensis'' * ''Musa campestris'' * ''Musa coccinea'' * ''Musa exotica'' * ''Musa fitzalanii'' - (éteinte) * ''Musa flavida'' * ''Musa gracilis'' * ''Musa hirta'' * ''Musa insularimontana'' * ''Musa jackeyi'' * ''Musa johnsii'' * ''Musa lawitiensis'' * ''Musa lolodensis'' * ''Musa maclayi'' * ''Musa monticola'' * ''Musa muluensis'' * ''Musa paracoccinea'' * ''Musa peekelii'' * ''Musa pigmaea'' * ''Musa salaccensis'' * ''Musa splendida'' * ''Musa suratii'' * ''[[Musa textilis]]'' Nee * ''Musa troglodytarum'' L. * ''Musa tuberculata'' * ''Musa violascens'' === Karazana misy eto Madagasikara === [[Sary:2018_06_TropicalIslands_IMG_2170.jpg|vignette|226x226px|''[[Musa × paradisiaca]]'']] Misy ny akondro atao voly fihinana izay ahandroina alohan' ny hihinanana azy noho izy tsy tena mamy, ka azo atao laoka koa, izy no ataon' ny [[Malagasy (vahoaka)|Malagasy]] hoe ''akondrolahy'' (''Musa textilis''). Ny akondro mamy kosa dia azo hanina eo no ho eo rehefa masaka hoazy eny am-potony na navomboka. * ''[[Musa acuminata]] --'' ambihy * ''[[Musa balbisiana]]'' -- * ''[[Musa paradisiaca|Musa × paradisiaca]]'' -- akondro, batavia, fontsilahy, fontsy, hontsy, horita, katakata, kifapanonotsy, mavokely, otsy, tsienamboa (heverina ho mitovy ainy ihany ny ''[[Musa sapientum]]'' -- afontsy, akondro, ambarabahy, barabahy, boroboaka, fontsy'','' hontsy, kadaka, katakata, kida, kidamenaloky, tsiomeroa) * ''[[Ensete perrieri]]'' na ''[[Musa perrieri]] --'' antsirohoroka, ontsy, tsirohoroka, voantsirohoroka * ''[[Musa sylvestris]]'' ''--'' * ''[[Musa textilis]]'' -- akondrolahy, akondrolambo, akondrosarika, foto-tsarika, raty, sarika, taintsarika == Jereo koa == * [[Akondro (voany)]] * [[Akondro (zavamaniry)]] * [[Voankazo]] * [[Manga]] * [[Voasary]] * [[Voasarimakirana]] * [[Mandarinina (zavamaniry)]] * [[Laoranjy]] * [[Paoma]] * [[Paiso]] == Rohy ivelany == * [http://www.nutritiondata.com/facts-B00001-01c20Tm.html Complete nutritional information.] * [http://www.inibap.org/ International Network for the Improvement of Banana and Plantain (INIBAP)] * [http://www.honduras.com/fhia/engl-menu.htm Honduran Foundation of Agricultural Research (FHIA)] {{Wayback|url=http://www.honduras.com/fhia/engl-menu.htm|date=20111214122041}} * [http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/morton/banana.html Banana from ''Fruits of Warm Climates'' by Julia Morton] * [http://www.uga.edu/fruit/banana.htm Banana and Plantain - University of Georgia] {{Wayback|url=http://www.uga.edu/fruit/banana.htm|date=20060810044214}} * [http://www.crfg.org/pubs/ff/banana.html Banana Fruit Facts - California Rare Fruit Growers] {{Wayback|url=http://www.crfg.org/pubs/ff/banana.html|date=20201017075339}}. * [http://www.pacificbiological.org.au/projects/PBF_02_3/pbf_02_3.htm Tracing antiquity of banana cultivation in Papua New Guinea] {{Wayback|url=http://www.pacificbiological.org.au/projects/PBF_02_3/pbf_02_3.htm|date=20051018030537}} * [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/2664373.stm Bananas could split for good] * [http://www.fao.org/english/newsroom/news/2003/13120-en.html Bananas not on verge of extinction, says FAO] {{Wayback|url=http://www.fao.org/english/newsroom/news/2003/13120-en.html|date=20050829070721}}. * [http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2003-02/aps-ppu021403.php Plant pathologists unpeel rumors of banana extinction] {{Wayback|url=http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2003-02/aps-ppu021403.php|date=20070126100813}} * [http://www.delaat.nl/main.php?main=ripening&sub=intro&ln=en De Laat Koudetechniek - Information about ripeningrooms] {{Wayback|url=http://www.delaat.nl/main.php?main=ripening&sub=intro&ln=en|date=20070929033856}} * [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8044524&dopt=Abstract The influence of banana stem e] 1ax8wgv1otsstlfnnfsd40in1914sdu 1152490 1152487 2026-10-24T15:14:44Z Thelezifor 15140 Karazana 1152490 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:Colbanana01.jpg|vignette|374x374px|Tanin' akondro]] Ny '''''Musa''''' dia antokon-jamaniry mamony [[tokan-dravin-tsimoka]] ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Musaceae]]'', ao amin' ny filharana [[Zingiberales]]. Maniry maharitra taona maro izy io sady be ravina, maitso lalandava, mitahiry rano betsaka. Tsy [[Hazo (zavamaniry)|hazo]] fa [[Zavamaniry ahitra|ahitra]] ny karazana ao amin' ny ''Musa'', tsy araka ny bika aman' endriny. Raha ny marina dia tsy tena manana vatany izy ireo, fa fitambarana ravina no mampitsangana azy. Ity antokon-javamaniry ity dia ahitana karazana enimpolo eo ho eo, izay maniry amin' ny faritra trôpikaly avokoa amin' ny ankamaroany, ary maro amin' izy ireo (ny [[Akondro (zavamaniry)|akondro]]) no ambolena hahazoana voany. Ny karazana sasany dia fanao haingo ary volena anaty trano fonenana any amin' ny tany manana [[toetany antonony]]. Zavamaniry avy any [[Azia Atsimo-Atsinanana]] ny ''Musa'', nefa vokarina manerana ny faritra mafana sy mando izy ireo ankehitriny, mba hahazoana ny voany sy ny [[Tsiraka|tsiratsiraka]] avy amin' ny vatany na ny raviny. == Toerana ahafahan' ny akondro maniry == [[Sary:Starr_050826-4195_Musa_sp..jpg|vignette|281x281px|Akondro]][[Sary:Abaca_fiber.jpg|vignette|208x208px|''[[Musa textilis]]'' sy ny [[tsiraka]] azo avy aminy.]][[Sary:Flower_banana.jpg|ankavia|vignette|210x210px|Embok' akondro]] Vokatra fahita manerana ny faritra rehetra manana [[toetanin-jana-pehin-tany]] ny akondro. Afaka maniry amin' ny toerana rehetra misy rano ny akondro na amin' ny tany mananana toetany misy [[ririnina]] tsy dia mangatsiaka loatra (toy ny an’ ny vondon-nosy [[Vondronosy Canarias|Canarias]] izay niavian' ny fambolena akondro any [[Amerika]]) na amin' ny tany mafana. Tsy afaka maniry amin' ny tany be [[orampanala]] anefa izy. Ny sala-maripana anatin' ny taona ahafahany maniry dia 20&#x20;°C, mila [[orana]] eo anelanelan' ny 1&nbsp;500&#x20;mm  sy 2&nbsp;000&#x20;mm  izy  hahafahany maniry tsara ary mila rivotra mando. Ny [[antsanga]] misy fotaka entin’ ny [[renirano]] sy ny ony no nofon-tany tiany aniriana. == Toetoetrany == === Vatany === [[Sary:Musa_beccarii_(Bananier)_-_77.jpg|vignette|309x309px|''Musa beccarii'']] Ny vatan' ny zavamaniry ao amin' ny ''Musa'' dia tsy inona fa tahon-dravina mifanosona sy mifampiditra ka miendrika [[varingarina]] matevina. Rehefa lehibe ny vatan' akondro dia mahatratra 3 hatramin' ny 12 m. === Ravina === [[Sary:Musa_acuminata1.jpg|vignette|''[[Musa acuminata]]'']]Ny eny an-tampon' izany vatan' akondro izany dia ivoahan’ ny [[Ravina (zavamaniry)|ravina]] be velarana miainga avy eo afovoany ka mitodika any ivelany toa tana-masoandro, ny ankamaroan'ny raviny (ireo tsy eo afovoany) dia miondrika manondro ny tany. === Vony === Mivoaka avy eo afovoan' izay ivo isarahan'ny foto-dravina ny tahom-bonin' ny akondro. Ny vony lahy dia eo am-pototr' ilay tahom-bony fa ny vony vavy kosa dia eo an-tendron' ny tahom-bony. == Karazana == Mitsinjara ao amin' ny zanak' antoko telo ny karazana ankondro, dia ny ''Ingentimusa'' sy ny ''Eumusa'' ary ny ''Callimusa''. ==== ''Callimusa'' (ao anatiny ny ''Australimusa'') ==== * ''Musa''&#x20;×&#x20;''alinsanaya'' <small>R.V.Valmayor</small> [A] * ''Musa azizii'' <small>Häkkinen</small> * ''Musa barioensis'' <small>Häkkinen</small> * ''Musa bauensis'' <small>Häkkinen & Meekiong</small> [C] * ''Musa beccarii'' <small>N.W.Simmonds</small> [A] * ''Musa boman'' <small>Argent</small> [A] * ''Musa borneensis'' <small>Becc.</small> [C] * ''Musa bukensis'' <small>Argent</small> [A] * ''Musa campestris'' <small>Becc.</small> [C] * ''Musa coccinea'' <small>Andrews</small> [C] &#x2013; scarlet banana * ''Musa exotica'' <small>R.V.Valmayor</small> [C] * ''Musa fitzalanii'' <small>F.Muell.</small> [A] – extinct * ''Musa gracilis'' <small>Holttum</small> [C] * ''Musa hirta'' <small>Becc.</small> [A] * ''Musa insularimontana'' <small>Hayata</small> [A] * ''Musa jackeyi'' <small>W.Hill</small> [A] * ''Musa johnsii'' <small>Argent</small> [A] * ''Musa juwiniana'' <small>Meekiong, Ipor & Tawan</small> [C] * ''Musa lawitiensis'' <small>Nasution & Supard.</small> [C] * ''Musa lokok'' <small>Geri & Ng</small> * ''Musa lolodensis'' <small>Cheesman</small> [A] * ''Musa maclayi'' <small>F.Muell. ex Mikl.-Maclay</small> [A] * ''Musa monticola'' <small>M.Hotta ex Argent</small> [A] * ''Musa muluensis'' <small>M.Hotta</small> [A] * ''Musa paracoccinea'' <small>A.Z.Liu & D.Z.Li</small> [C] * ''Musa peekelii'' <small>Lauterb.</small> [A] * ''Musa salaccensis'' <small>Zoll. ex Backer</small> [A] * ''[[Musa textilis]]'' <small>Née</small> [A] * ''Musa'' ×&#x20;''troglodytarum'' <small>L.</small> [A] – the cultivated Fe'i bananas * ''Musa tuberculata'' <small>M.Hotta</small> [A] * ''Musa violascens'' <small>Ridl.</small> [C] * ''Musa viridis'' <small>R.V.Valmayor et al.</small> * ''Musa voonii'' <small>Häkkinen</small> ==== ''Ingentimusa'' ==== * ''[[Musa ingens]]'' <small>N.W.Simmonds</small> ==== ''Musa'' (incorporating ''Rhodochlamys'') ==== * ''[[Musa acuminata]]'' <small>Colla</small> &#x2013; wild ** ''Musa acuminata'' subsp. ''zebrina'' <small>[← ''M.&#x20;sumatrana'']</small> * ''Musa aurantiaca'' <small>G.Mann ex Baker</small> * ''[[Musa balbisiana]]'' <small>Colla</small> * ''Musa banksii'' <small>F.Muell.</small> * ''Musa basjoo'' <small>Siebold & Zucc. ex Iinuma</small> * ''Musa cheesmanii'' <small>N.W.Simmonds</small> * ''Musa chunii'' <small>Häkkinen</small> * ''Musa griersonii'' <small>Noltie</small> * ''Musa itinerans'' <small>Cheesman</small> * ''Musa mannii'' <small>H.Wendl. ex Baker</small> * ''Musa nagensium'' <small>Prain</small> * ''Musa ochracea'' <small>K.Sheph.</small> * ''Musa ornata'' <small>Roxb.</small> * [[Musa × paradisiaca|''Musa'' × ''paradisiaca'']] <small>L.</small> = ''Musa acuminata'' × ''Musa balbisiana'' * ''Musa rosea'' <small>Baker</small> * ''Musa rubinea'' <small>Häkkinen & C.H.Teo</small> * ''Musa rubra'' <small>Wall. ex Kurz</small> (syn. ''Musa laterita'' <small>Cheesman</small>) * ''Musa sanguinea'' <small>Hook.f.</small> * ''Musa schizocarpa'' <small>N.W.Simmonds</small> * ''Musa siamensis'' <small>Häkkinen & Rich.H.Wallace</small> * ''Musa sikkimensis'' <small>Kurz</small> * ''Musa thomsonii'' <small>(King ex Baker) A.M.Cowan & Cowan</small> * ''Musa velutina'' <small>H.Wendl. & Drude</small> &#x2013; pink banana * ''Musa yunnanensis'' <small>Häkkinen & H.Wang</small> &#x2013; Yunnan banana, wild forest banana * ''Musa zaifui'' <small>Häkkinen & H.Wang</small> ==== Tsy voasokajy na tsy fantatra ==== * ''Musa arfakiana'' <small>Argent</small> * ''Musa arunachalensis'' <small>A.Joe, Sreejith & M.Sabu</small> * ''Musa celebica'' <small>Warb. ex K.Schum.</small> * ''Musa kattuvazhana'' <small>K.C.Jacob</small> * ''Musa lanceolata'' <small>Warb. ex K.Schum.</small> * ''Musa lutea'' <small>R.V.Valmayor et al.</small> * ''Musa mekongensis'' <small>J.T.Julian & D.T.David</small> * ''Musa sakaiana'' <small>Meekiong et al.</small> * ''Musa splendida'' <small>A.Chev.</small> * ''Musa tonkinensis'' <small>R.V.Valmayor et al.</small> * ''Musa yamiensis'' <small>C.L.Yeh & J.H.Chen</small> ==== Fôsily ==== * †''Musa cardiosperma'' {{au|R.K. Jain}} === Karazana napetraka tao taloha === Indreto ny karazana napetraka tao amin' ny ''Musa'' taloha: * ''Ensete davyae'' <small>(Stapf) Cheesman</small> (← ''Musa davyae'' <small>Stapf</small>) * ''Ensete gilletii'' <small>(De Wild.) Cheesman</small> (← ''Musa gilletii'' <small>De Wild.</small> na ''Musa martretiana'' <small>A.Chev.</small>) * ''Ensete glaucum'' <small>(Roxb.) Cheesman</small> (← ''Musa glauca'' <small>Roxb.</small>) * ''Ensete lasiocarpum'' <small>(Franch.) Cheesman</small> (← ''Musa lasiocarpa'' <small>Franch.</small>) – na ao amin' ny vondron-karazana misaraka ''Musella lasiocarpa'' <small>(Franch.) C.Y.Wu ex H.W.Li</small> * ''Ensete livingstoniana'' <small>(J. Kirk) Cheesman</small> (← ''Musa livingstoniana'' <small>J.Kirk</small>) * ''[[Ensete perrieri]]'' <small>(Stapf) Cheesman</small> (← ''Musa perrieri'' <small>Claverie</small>) * ''Ensete superbum'' <small>(Roxb.) Cheesman</small> (← ''Musa superba'' <small>Roxb.</small>) * ''Ensete ventricosum'' <small>(Welw.) Cheesman</small> (← ''Musa arnoldiana'' <small>De Wild.</small>, ''M. ensete'' <small>J.F.Gmel.</small> na ''Musa ventricosum'' <small>(Welw.) Cheesman</small>) * ''[[Heliconia bihai]]'' <small>(L.) L.</small> (← ''Musa bihai'' <small>L.</small>) === Karazana misy eto Madagasikara === [[Sary:2018_06_TropicalIslands_IMG_2170.jpg|vignette|226x226px|''[[Musa × paradisiaca]]'']] Eto Madagasikara dia misy ny akondro atao voly fihinana izay ahandroina alohan' ny hihinanana azy noho izy tsy tena mamy, ka azo atao laoka koa, izy no ataon' ny [[Malagasy (vahoaka)|Malagasy]] hoe ''akondrolahy'' (''Musa textilis''). Ny akondro mamy kosa dia azo hanina eo no ho eo rehefa masaka hoazy eny am-potony na navomboka. * ''[[Musa acuminata]] --'' ambihy * ''[[Musa balbisiana]]'' -- * ''[[Musa paradisiaca|Musa × paradisiaca]]'' (← ''[[Musa sapientum]]'') -- afontsy, akondro, ambarabahy, barabahy, batavia, boroboaka, fontsilahy, fontsy'','' hontsy, horita, kadaka, katakata, katakata, kida, kidamenaloky, kifapanonotsy, mavokely, otsy, tsienamboa, tsiomeroa * ''[[Musa sylvestris]]'' ''--'' * ''[[Musa textilis]]'' -- akondrolahy, akondrolambo, akondrosarika, foto-tsarika, raty, sarika, taintsarika == Jereo koa == * [[Akondro (voany)]] * [[Akondro (zavamaniry)]] * [[Voankazo]] * [[Manga]] * [[Voasary]] * [[Voasarimakirana]] * [[Mandarinina (zavamaniry)]] * [[Laoranjy]] * [[Paoma]] * [[Paiso]] == Rohy ivelany == * [http://www.nutritiondata.com/facts-B00001-01c20Tm.html Complete nutritional information.] * [http://www.inibap.org/ International Network for the Improvement of Banana and Plantain (INIBAP)] * [http://www.honduras.com/fhia/engl-menu.htm Honduran Foundation of Agricultural Research (FHIA)] {{Wayback|url=http://www.honduras.com/fhia/engl-menu.htm|date=20111214122041}} * [http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/morton/banana.html Banana from ''Fruits of Warm Climates'' by Julia Morton] * [http://www.uga.edu/fruit/banana.htm Banana and Plantain - University of Georgia] {{Wayback|url=http://www.uga.edu/fruit/banana.htm|date=20060810044214}} * [http://www.crfg.org/pubs/ff/banana.html Banana Fruit Facts - California Rare Fruit Growers] {{Wayback|url=http://www.crfg.org/pubs/ff/banana.html|date=20201017075339}}. * [http://www.pacificbiological.org.au/projects/PBF_02_3/pbf_02_3.htm Tracing antiquity of banana cultivation in Papua New Guinea] {{Wayback|url=http://www.pacificbiological.org.au/projects/PBF_02_3/pbf_02_3.htm|date=20051018030537}} * [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/2664373.stm Bananas could split for good] * [http://www.fao.org/english/newsroom/news/2003/13120-en.html Bananas not on verge of extinction, says FAO] {{Wayback|url=http://www.fao.org/english/newsroom/news/2003/13120-en.html|date=20050829070721}}. * [http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2003-02/aps-ppu021403.php Plant pathologists unpeel rumors of banana extinction] {{Wayback|url=http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2003-02/aps-ppu021403.php|date=20070126100813}} * [http://www.delaat.nl/main.php?main=ripening&sub=intro&ln=en De Laat Koudetechniek - Information about ripeningrooms] {{Wayback|url=http://www.delaat.nl/main.php?main=ripening&sub=intro&ln=en|date=20070929033856}} * [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8044524&dopt=Abstract The influence of banana stem e] ajskdrdn98okl1kxtc2z5ekgdwv5fb8 1152491 1152490 2026-10-24T15:19:38Z Thelezifor 15140 Rohy anatiny 1152491 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:Colbanana01.jpg|vignette|374x374px|Tanin' akondro]] Ny '''''Musa''''' dia antokon-jamaniry mamony [[tokan-dravin-tsimoka]] ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Musaceae]]'', ao amin' ny filharana [[Zingiberales]]. Maniry maharitra taona maro izy io sady be ravina, maitso lalandava, mitahiry rano betsaka. Tsy [[Hazo (zavamaniry)|hazo]] fa [[Zavamaniry ahitra|ahitra]] ny karazana ao amin' ny ''Musa'', tsy araka ny bika aman' endriny. Raha ny marina dia tsy tena manana vatany izy ireo, fa fitambarana ravina no mampitsangana azy. Ity antokon-javamaniry ity dia ahitana karazana enimpolo eo ho eo, izay maniry amin' ny faritra trôpikaly avokoa amin' ny ankamaroany, ary maro amin' izy ireo (ny [[Akondro (zavamaniry)|akondro]]) no ambolena hahazoana voany. Ny karazana sasany dia fanao haingo ary volena anaty trano fonenana any amin' ny tany manana [[toetany antonony]]. Zavamaniry avy any [[Azia Atsimo-Atsinanana]] ny ''Musa'', nefa vokarina manerana ny faritra mafana sy mando izy ireo ankehitriny, mba hahazoana ny voany sy ny [[Tsiraka|tsiratsiraka]] avy amin' ny vatany na ny raviny. == Toerana ahafahan' ny akondro maniry == [[Sary:Starr_050826-4195_Musa_sp..jpg|vignette|281x281px|Akondro]][[Sary:Abaca_fiber.jpg|vignette|208x208px|''[[Musa textilis]]'' sy ny [[tsiraka]] azo avy aminy.]][[Sary:Flower_banana.jpg|ankavia|vignette|210x210px|Embok' akondro]] Vokatra fahita manerana ny faritra rehetra manana [[toetanin-jana-pehin-tany]] ny akondro. Afaka maniry amin' ny toerana rehetra misy rano ny akondro na amin' ny tany mananana toetany misy [[ririnina]] tsy dia mangatsiaka loatra (toy ny an’ ny vondon-nosy [[Vondronosy Canarias|Canarias]] izay niavian' ny fambolena akondro any [[Amerika]]) na amin' ny tany mafana. Tsy afaka maniry amin' ny tany be [[orampanala]] anefa izy. Ny sala-maripana anatin' ny taona ahafahany maniry dia 20&#x20;°C, mila [[orana]] eo anelanelan' ny 1&nbsp;500&#x20;mm  sy 2&nbsp;000&#x20;mm  izy  hahafahany maniry tsara ary mila rivotra mando. Ny [[antsanga]] misy fotaka entin’ ny [[renirano]] sy ny ony no nofon-tany tiany aniriana. == Toetoetrany == === Vatany === [[Sary:Musa_beccarii_(Bananier)_-_77.jpg|vignette|309x309px|''Musa beccarii'']] Ny vatan' ny zavamaniry ao amin' ny ''Musa'' dia tsy inona fa tahon-dravina mifanosona sy mifampiditra ka miendrika [[varingarina]] matevina. Rehefa lehibe ny vatan' akondro dia mahatratra 3 hatramin' ny 12 m. === Ravina === [[Sary:Musa_acuminata1.jpg|vignette|''[[Musa acuminata]]'']]Ny eny an-tampon' izany vatan' akondro izany dia ivoahan’ ny [[Ravina (zavamaniry)|ravina]] be velarana miainga avy eo afovoany ka mitodika any ivelany toa tana-masoandro, ny ankamaroan'ny raviny (ireo tsy eo afovoany) dia miondrika manondro ny tany. === Vony === Mivoaka avy eo afovoan' izay ivo isarahan'ny foto-dravina ny tahom-bonin' ny akondro. Ny vony lahy dia eo am-pototr' ilay tahom-bony fa ny vony vavy kosa dia eo an-tendron' ny tahom-bony. == Karazana == Mitsinjara ao amin' ny zanak' antoko telo ny karazana ankondro, dia ny ''Ingentimusa'' sy ny ''Eumusa'' ary ny ''Callimusa''. ==== ''Callimusa'' (ao anatiny ny ''Australimusa'') ==== Ny [A] sy ny [C] dia manondro ny toerana fantatra ao anatin' ireo fizarana teo aloha, dia ny ''Australimusa'' sy ny ''Callimusa''. * ''Musa''&#x20;×&#x20;''alinsanaya'' <small>R.V.Valmayor</small> [A] * ''Musa azizii'' <small>Häkkinen</small> * ''Musa barioensis'' <small>Häkkinen</small> * ''Musa bauensis'' <small>Häkkinen & Meekiong</small> [C] * ''Musa beccarii'' <small>N.W.Simmonds</small> [A] * ''Musa boman'' <small>Argent</small> [A] * ''Musa borneensis'' <small>Becc.</small> [C] * ''Musa bukensis'' <small>Argent</small> [A] * ''Musa campestris'' <small>Becc.</small> [C] * ''Musa coccinea'' <small>Andrews</small> [C] &#x2013; scarlet banana * ''Musa exotica'' <small>R.V.Valmayor</small> [C] * ''Musa fitzalanii'' <small>F.Muell.</small> [A] – extinct * ''Musa gracilis'' <small>Holttum</small> [C] * ''Musa hirta'' <small>Becc.</small> [A] * ''Musa insularimontana'' <small>Hayata</small> [A] * ''Musa jackeyi'' <small>W.Hill</small> [A] * ''Musa johnsii'' <small>Argent</small> [A] * ''Musa juwiniana'' <small>Meekiong, Ipor & Tawan</small> [C] * ''Musa lawitiensis'' <small>Nasution & Supard.</small> [C] * ''Musa lokok'' <small>Geri & Ng</small> * ''Musa lolodensis'' <small>Cheesman</small> [A] * ''Musa maclayi'' <small>F.Muell. ex Mikl.-Maclay</small> [A] * ''Musa monticola'' <small>M.Hotta ex Argent</small> [A] * ''Musa muluensis'' <small>M.Hotta</small> [A] * ''Musa paracoccinea'' <small>A.Z.Liu & D.Z.Li</small> [C] * ''Musa peekelii'' <small>Lauterb.</small> [A] * ''Musa salaccensis'' <small>Zoll. ex Backer</small> [A] * ''[[Musa textilis]]'' <small>Née</small> [A] * ''Musa'' ×&#x20;''troglodytarum'' <small>L.</small> [A] – the cultivated Fe'i bananas * ''Musa tuberculata'' <small>M.Hotta</small> [A] * ''Musa violascens'' <small>Ridl.</small> [C] * ''Musa viridis'' <small>R.V.Valmayor et al.</small> * ''Musa voonii'' <small>Häkkinen</small> ==== ''Ingentimusa'' ==== * ''[[Musa ingens]]'' <small>N.W.Simmonds</small> ==== ''Musa'' (incorporating ''Rhodochlamys'') ==== * ''[[Musa acuminata]]'' <small>Colla</small> &#x2013; wild ** ''Musa acuminata'' subsp. ''zebrina'' <small>[← ''M.&#x20;sumatrana'']</small> * ''Musa aurantiaca'' <small>G.Mann ex Baker</small> * ''[[Musa balbisiana]]'' <small>Colla</small> * ''Musa banksii'' <small>F.Muell.</small> * ''Musa basjoo'' <small>Siebold & Zucc. ex Iinuma</small> * ''Musa cheesmanii'' <small>N.W.Simmonds</small> * ''Musa chunii'' <small>Häkkinen</small> * ''Musa griersonii'' <small>Noltie</small> * ''Musa itinerans'' <small>Cheesman</small> * ''Musa mannii'' <small>H.Wendl. ex Baker</small> * ''Musa nagensium'' <small>Prain</small> * ''Musa ochracea'' <small>K.Sheph.</small> * ''Musa ornata'' <small>Roxb.</small> * [[Musa × paradisiaca|''Musa'' × ''paradisiaca'']] <small>L.</small> = ''Musa acuminata'' × ''Musa balbisiana'' * ''Musa rosea'' <small>Baker</small> * ''Musa rubinea'' <small>Häkkinen & C.H.Teo</small> * ''Musa rubra'' <small>Wall. ex Kurz</small> (syn. ''Musa laterita'' <small>Cheesman</small>) * ''Musa sanguinea'' <small>Hook.f.</small> * ''Musa schizocarpa'' <small>N.W.Simmonds</small> * ''Musa siamensis'' <small>Häkkinen & Rich.H.Wallace</small> * ''Musa sikkimensis'' <small>Kurz</small> * ''Musa thomsonii'' <small>(King ex Baker) A.M.Cowan & Cowan</small> * ''Musa velutina'' <small>H.Wendl. & Drude</small> &#x2013; pink banana * ''Musa yunnanensis'' <small>Häkkinen & H.Wang</small> &#x2013; Yunnan banana, wild forest banana * ''Musa zaifui'' <small>Häkkinen & H.Wang</small> ==== Tsy voasokajy na tsy fantatra ==== * ''Musa arfakiana'' <small>Argent</small> * ''Musa arunachalensis'' <small>A.Joe, Sreejith & M.Sabu</small> * ''Musa celebica'' <small>Warb. ex K.Schum.</small> * ''Musa kattuvazhana'' <small>K.C.Jacob</small> * ''Musa lanceolata'' <small>Warb. ex K.Schum.</small> * ''Musa lutea'' <small>R.V.Valmayor et al.</small> * ''Musa mekongensis'' <small>J.T.Julian & D.T.David</small> * ''Musa sakaiana'' <small>Meekiong et al.</small> * ''Musa splendida'' <small>A.Chev.</small> * ''Musa tonkinensis'' <small>R.V.Valmayor et al.</small> * ''Musa yamiensis'' <small>C.L.Yeh & J.H.Chen</small> ==== Fôsily ==== * †''Musa cardiosperma'' {{au|R.K. Jain}} === Karazana napetraka tao taloha === Indreto ny karazana napetraka tao amin' ny ''Musa'' taloha: * ''Ensete davyae'' <small>(Stapf) Cheesman</small> (← ''Musa davyae'' <small>Stapf</small>) * ''Ensete gilletii'' <small>(De Wild.) Cheesman</small> (← ''Musa gilletii'' <small>De Wild.</small> na ''Musa martretiana'' <small>A.Chev.</small>) * ''Ensete glaucum'' <small>(Roxb.) Cheesman</small> (← ''Musa glauca'' <small>Roxb.</small>) * ''Ensete lasiocarpum'' <small>(Franch.) Cheesman</small> (← ''Musa lasiocarpa'' <small>Franch.</small>) – na ao amin' ny vondron-karazana misaraka ''[[Musella lasiocarpa]]'' <small>(Franch.) C.Y.Wu ex H.W.Li</small> * ''Ensete livingstoniana'' <small>(J. Kirk) Cheesman</small> (← ''Musa livingstoniana'' <small>J.Kirk</small>) * ''[[Ensete perrieri]]'' <small>(Stapf) Cheesman</small> (← ''Musa perrieri'' <small>Claverie</small>) * ''Ensete superbum'' <small>(Roxb.) Cheesman</small> (← ''Musa superba'' <small>Roxb.</small>) * ''Ensete ventricosum'' <small>(Welw.) Cheesman</small> (← ''Musa arnoldiana'' <small>De Wild.</small>, ''M. ensete'' <small>J.F.Gmel.</small> na ''Musa ventricosum'' <small>(Welw.) Cheesman</small>) * ''[[Heliconia bihai]]'' <small>(L.) L.</small> (← ''Musa bihai'' <small>L.</small>) === Karazana misy eto Madagasikara === [[Sary:2018_06_TropicalIslands_IMG_2170.jpg|vignette|226x226px|''[[Musa × paradisiaca]]'']] Eto [[Madagasikara]] dia misy ny akondro atao voly fihinana izay ahandroina alohan' ny hihinanana azy noho izy tsy tena mamy, ka azo atao laoka koa, izy no ataon' ny [[Malagasy (vahoaka)|Malagasy]] hoe ''akondrolahy'' (''Musa textilis''). Ny akondro mamy kosa dia azo hanina eo no ho eo rehefa masaka hoazy eny am-potony na navomboka. * ''[[Musa acuminata]] --'' ambihy * ''[[Musa balbisiana]]'' -- * ''[[Musa paradisiaca|Musa × paradisiaca]]'' (← ''[[Musa sapientum]]'') -- afontsy, akondro, ambarabahy, barabahy, batavia, boroboaka, fontsilahy, fontsy'','' hontsy, horita, kadaka, katakata, katakata, kida, kidamenaloky, kifapanonotsy, mavokely, otsy, tsienamboa, tsiomeroa * ''[[Musa sylvestris]]'' ''--'' * ''[[Musa textilis]]'' -- akondrolahy, akondrolambo, akondrosarika, foto-tsarika, raty, sarika, taintsarika == Jereo koa == * ''[[Ensete]]'' - ''[[Heliconia bihai|Heliconia]] -'' ''[[Musella lasiocarpa|Musella]] -'' * [[Akondro (voany)]] * [[Akondro (zavamaniry)]] * [[Voankazo]] * [[Manga]] * [[Voasary]] * [[Voasarimakirana]] * [[Mandarinina (zavamaniry)]] * [[Laoranjy]] * [[Paoma]] * [[Paiso]] == Rohy ivelany == * [http://www.nutritiondata.com/facts-B00001-01c20Tm.html Complete nutritional information.] * [http://www.inibap.org/ International Network for the Improvement of Banana and Plantain (INIBAP)] * [http://www.honduras.com/fhia/engl-menu.htm Honduran Foundation of Agricultural Research (FHIA)] {{Wayback|url=http://www.honduras.com/fhia/engl-menu.htm|date=20111214122041}} * [http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/morton/banana.html Banana from ''Fruits of Warm Climates'' by Julia Morton] * [http://www.uga.edu/fruit/banana.htm Banana and Plantain - University of Georgia] {{Wayback|url=http://www.uga.edu/fruit/banana.htm|date=20060810044214}} * [http://www.crfg.org/pubs/ff/banana.html Banana Fruit Facts - California Rare Fruit Growers] {{Wayback|url=http://www.crfg.org/pubs/ff/banana.html|date=20201017075339}}. * [http://www.pacificbiological.org.au/projects/PBF_02_3/pbf_02_3.htm Tracing antiquity of banana cultivation in Papua New Guinea] {{Wayback|url=http://www.pacificbiological.org.au/projects/PBF_02_3/pbf_02_3.htm|date=20051018030537}} * [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/2664373.stm Bananas could split for good] * [http://www.fao.org/english/newsroom/news/2003/13120-en.html Bananas not on verge of extinction, says FAO] {{Wayback|url=http://www.fao.org/english/newsroom/news/2003/13120-en.html|date=20050829070721}}. * [http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2003-02/aps-ppu021403.php Plant pathologists unpeel rumors of banana extinction] {{Wayback|url=http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2003-02/aps-ppu021403.php|date=20070126100813}} * [http://www.delaat.nl/main.php?main=ripening&sub=intro&ln=en De Laat Koudetechniek - Information about ripeningrooms] {{Wayback|url=http://www.delaat.nl/main.php?main=ripening&sub=intro&ln=en|date=20070929033856}} * [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8044524&dopt=Abstract The influence of banana stem e] ljl1umq2vwnvbxpmnfc8q0tg250wxp2 1152492 1152491 2026-10-24T15:22:17Z Thelezifor 15140 1152492 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:Colbanana01.jpg|vignette|374x374px|Tanin' akondro]] Ny '''''Musa''''' dia antokon-jamaniry mamony [[tokan-dravin-tsimoka]] ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Musaceae]]'', ao amin' ny filharana [[Zingiberales]]. Maniry maharitra taona maro izy io sady be ravina, maitso lalandava, mitahiry rano betsaka. Tsy [[Hazo (zavamaniry)|hazo]] fa [[Zavamaniry ahitra|ahitra]] ny karazana ao amin' ny ''Musa'', tsy araka ny bika aman' endriny. Raha ny marina dia tsy tena manana vatany izy ireo, fa fitambarana ravina no mampitsangana azy. Ity antokon-javamaniry ity dia ahitana karazana enimpolo eo ho eo, izay maniry amin' ny faritra trôpikaly avokoa amin' ny ankamaroany, ary maro amin' izy ireo (ny [[Akondro (zavamaniry)|akondro]]) no ambolena hahazoana voany. Ny karazana sasany dia fanao haingo ary volena anaty trano fonenana any amin' ny tany manana [[toetany antonony]]. Zavamaniry avy any [[Azia Atsimo-Atsinanana]] ny ''Musa'', nefa vokarina manerana ny faritra mafana sy mando izy ireo ankehitriny, mba hahazoana ny voany sy ny [[Tsiraka|tsiratsiraka]] avy amin' ny vatany na ny raviny. == Toerana ahafahan' ny akondro maniry == [[Sary:Starr_050826-4195_Musa_sp..jpg|vignette|281x281px|Akondro]][[Sary:Abaca_fiber.jpg|vignette|208x208px|''[[Musa textilis]]'' sy ny [[tsiraka]] azo avy aminy.]][[Sary:Flower_banana.jpg|ankavia|vignette|210x210px|Embok' akondro]] Vokatra fahita manerana ny faritra rehetra manana [[toetanin-jana-pehin-tany]] ny akondro. Afaka maniry amin' ny toerana rehetra misy rano ny akondro na amin' ny tany mananana toetany misy [[ririnina]] tsy dia mangatsiaka loatra (toy ny an’ ny vondon-nosy [[Vondronosy Canarias|Canarias]] izay niavian' ny fambolena akondro any [[Amerika]]) na amin' ny tany mafana. Tsy afaka maniry amin' ny tany be [[orampanala]] anefa izy. Ny sala-maripana anatin' ny taona ahafahany maniry dia 20&#x20;°C, mila [[orana]] eo anelanelan' ny 1&nbsp;500&#x20;mm  sy 2&nbsp;000&#x20;mm  izy  hahafahany maniry tsara ary mila rivotra mando. Ny [[antsanga]] misy fotaka entin’ ny [[renirano]] sy ny ony no nofon-tany tiany aniriana. == Toetoetrany == === Vatany === [[Sary:Musa_beccarii_(Bananier)_-_77.jpg|vignette|309x309px|''Musa beccarii'']] Ny vatan' ny zavamaniry ao amin' ny ''Musa'' dia tsy inona fa tahon-dravina mifanosona sy mifampiditra ka miendrika [[varingarina]] matevina. Rehefa lehibe ny vatan' akondro dia mahatratra 3 hatramin' ny 12 m. === Ravina === [[Sary:Musa_acuminata1.jpg|vignette|''[[Musa acuminata]]'']]Ny eny an-tampon' izany vatan' akondro izany dia ivoahan’ ny [[Ravina (zavamaniry)|ravina]] be velarana miainga avy eo afovoany ka mitodika any ivelany toa tana-masoandro, ny ankamaroan'ny raviny (ireo tsy eo afovoany) dia miondrika manondro ny tany. === Vony === Mivoaka avy eo afovoan' izay ivo isarahan'ny foto-dravina ny tahom-bonin' ny akondro. Ny vony lahy dia eo am-pototr' ilay tahom-bony fa ny vony vavy kosa dia eo an-tendron' ny tahom-bony. == Karazana == Mitsinjara ao amin' ny zanak' antoko telo ny karazana ankondro, dia ny ''Ingentimusa'' sy ny ''Eumusa'' ary ny ''Callimusa''. ==== ''Callimusa'' (ao anatiny ny ''Australimusa'') ==== Ny [A] sy ny [C] dia manondro ny toerana fantatra ao anatin' ireo fizarana teo aloha, dia ny ''Australimusa'' sy ny ''Callimusa''. * ''Musa''&#x20;×&#x20;''alinsanaya'' <small>R.V.Valmayor</small> [A] * ''Musa azizii'' <small>Häkkinen</small> * ''Musa barioensis'' <small>Häkkinen</small> * ''Musa bauensis'' <small>Häkkinen & Meekiong</small> [C] * ''Musa beccarii'' <small>N.W.Simmonds</small> [A] * ''Musa boman'' <small>Argent</small> [A] * ''Musa borneensis'' <small>Becc.</small> [C] * ''Musa bukensis'' <small>Argent</small> [A] * ''Musa campestris'' <small>Becc.</small> [C] * ''Musa coccinea'' <small>Andrews</small> [C] &#x2013; scarlet banana * ''Musa exotica'' <small>R.V.Valmayor</small> [C] * ''Musa fitzalanii'' <small>F.Muell.</small> [A] – extinct * ''Musa gracilis'' <small>Holttum</small> [C] * ''Musa hirta'' <small>Becc.</small> [A] * ''Musa insularimontana'' <small>Hayata</small> [A] * ''Musa jackeyi'' <small>W.Hill</small> [A] * ''Musa johnsii'' <small>Argent</small> [A] * ''Musa juwiniana'' <small>Meekiong, Ipor & Tawan</small> [C] * ''Musa lawitiensis'' <small>Nasution & Supard.</small> [C] * ''Musa lokok'' <small>Geri & Ng</small> * ''Musa lolodensis'' <small>Cheesman</small> [A] * ''Musa maclayi'' <small>F.Muell. ex Mikl.-Maclay</small> [A] * ''Musa monticola'' <small>M.Hotta ex Argent</small> [A] * ''Musa muluensis'' <small>M.Hotta</small> [A] * ''Musa paracoccinea'' <small>A.Z.Liu & D.Z.Li</small> [C] * ''Musa peekelii'' <small>Lauterb.</small> [A] * ''Musa salaccensis'' <small>Zoll. ex Backer</small> [A] * ''[[Musa textilis]]'' <small>Née</small> [A] * ''Musa'' ×&#x20;''troglodytarum'' <small>L.</small> [A] – the cultivated Fe'i bananas * ''Musa tuberculata'' <small>M.Hotta</small> [A] * ''Musa violascens'' <small>Ridl.</small> [C] * ''Musa viridis'' <small>R.V.Valmayor et al.</small> * ''Musa voonii'' <small>Häkkinen</small> ==== ''Ingentimusa'' ==== * ''[[Musa ingens]]'' <small>N.W.Simmonds</small> ==== ''Musa'' (incorporating ''Rhodochlamys'') ==== * ''[[Musa acuminata]]'' <small>Colla</small> &#x2013; wild ** ''Musa acuminata'' subsp. ''zebrina'' <small>[← ''M.&#x20;sumatrana'']</small> * ''Musa aurantiaca'' <small>G.Mann ex Baker</small> * ''[[Musa balbisiana]]'' <small>Colla</small> * ''Musa banksii'' <small>F.Muell.</small> * ''Musa basjoo'' <small>Siebold & Zucc. ex Iinuma</small> * ''Musa cheesmanii'' <small>N.W.Simmonds</small> * ''Musa chunii'' <small>Häkkinen</small> * ''Musa griersonii'' <small>Noltie</small> * ''Musa itinerans'' <small>Cheesman</small> * ''Musa mannii'' <small>H.Wendl. ex Baker</small> * ''Musa nagensium'' <small>Prain</small> * ''Musa ochracea'' <small>K.Sheph.</small> * ''Musa ornata'' <small>Roxb.</small> * [[Musa × paradisiaca|''Musa'' × ''paradisiaca'']] <small>L.</small> = ''Musa acuminata'' × ''Musa balbisiana'' * ''Musa rosea'' <small>Baker</small> * ''Musa rubinea'' <small>Häkkinen & C.H.Teo</small> * ''Musa rubra'' <small>Wall. ex Kurz</small> (syn. ''Musa laterita'' <small>Cheesman</small>) * ''Musa sanguinea'' <small>Hook.f.</small> * ''Musa schizocarpa'' <small>N.W.Simmonds</small> * ''Musa siamensis'' <small>Häkkinen & Rich.H.Wallace</small> * ''Musa sikkimensis'' <small>Kurz</small> * ''Musa thomsonii'' <small>(King ex Baker) A.M.Cowan & Cowan</small> * ''Musa velutina'' <small>H.Wendl. & Drude</small> &#x2013; pink banana * ''Musa yunnanensis'' <small>Häkkinen & H.Wang</small> &#x2013; Yunnan banana, wild forest banana * ''Musa zaifui'' <small>Häkkinen & H.Wang</small> ==== Tsy voasokajy na tsy fantatra ==== * ''Musa arfakiana'' <small>Argent</small> * ''Musa arunachalensis'' <small>A.Joe, Sreejith & M.Sabu</small> * ''Musa celebica'' <small>Warb. ex K.Schum.</small> * ''Musa kattuvazhana'' <small>K.C.Jacob</small> * ''Musa lanceolata'' <small>Warb. ex K.Schum.</small> * ''Musa lutea'' <small>R.V.Valmayor et al.</small> * ''Musa mekongensis'' <small>J.T.Julian & D.T.David</small> * ''Musa sakaiana'' <small>Meekiong et al.</small> * ''Musa splendida'' <small>A.Chev.</small> * ''Musa tonkinensis'' <small>R.V.Valmayor et al.</small> * ''Musa yamiensis'' <small>C.L.Yeh & J.H.Chen</small> ==== Fôsily ==== * †''Musa cardiosperma'' {{au|R.K. Jain}} === Karazana napetraka tao taloha === Indreto ny karazana napetraka tao amin' ny ''Musa'' taloha: * ''Ensete davyae'' <small>(Stapf) Cheesman</small> (← ''Musa davyae'' <small>Stapf</small>) * ''Ensete gilletii'' <small>(De Wild.) Cheesman</small> (← ''Musa gilletii'' <small>De Wild.</small> na ''Musa martretiana'' <small>A.Chev.</small>) * ''Ensete glaucum'' <small>(Roxb.) Cheesman</small> (← ''Musa glauca'' <small>Roxb.</small>) * ''Ensete lasiocarpum'' <small>(Franch.) Cheesman</small> (← ''Musa lasiocarpa'' <small>Franch.</small>) – na ao amin' ny vondron-karazana misaraka ''[[Musella lasiocarpa]]'' <small>(Franch.) C.Y.Wu ex H.W.Li</small> * ''Ensete livingstoniana'' <small>(J. Kirk) Cheesman</small> (← ''Musa livingstoniana'' <small>J.Kirk</small>) * ''[[Ensete perrieri]]'' <small>(Stapf) Cheesman</small> (← ''Musa perrieri'' <small>Claverie</small>) * ''Ensete superbum'' <small>(Roxb.) Cheesman</small> (← ''Musa superba'' <small>Roxb.</small>) * ''Ensete ventricosum'' <small>(Welw.) Cheesman</small> (← ''Musa arnoldiana'' <small>De Wild.</small>, ''M. ensete'' <small>J.F.Gmel.</small> na ''Musa ventricosum'' <small>(Welw.) Cheesman</small>) * ''[[Heliconia bihai]]'' <small>(L.) L.</small> (← ''Musa bihai'' <small>L.</small>) ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Heliconiaceae]]''. === Karazana misy eto Madagasikara === [[Sary:2018_06_TropicalIslands_IMG_2170.jpg|vignette|226x226px|''[[Musa × paradisiaca]]'']] Eto [[Madagasikara]] dia misy ny akondro atao voly fihinana izay ahandroina alohan' ny hihinanana azy noho izy tsy tena mamy, ka azo atao laoka koa, izy no ataon' ny [[Malagasy (vahoaka)|Malagasy]] hoe ''akondrolahy'' (''Musa textilis''). Ny akondro mamy kosa dia azo hanina eo no ho eo rehefa masaka hoazy eny am-potony na navomboka. * ''[[Musa acuminata]] --'' ambihy * ''[[Musa balbisiana]]'' -- * ''[[Musa paradisiaca|Musa × paradisiaca]]'' (← ''[[Musa sapientum]]'') -- afontsy, akondro, ambarabahy, barabahy, batavia, boroboaka, fontsilahy, fontsy'','' hontsy, horita, kadaka, katakata, katakata, kida, kidamenaloky, kifapanonotsy, mavokely, otsy, tsienamboa, tsiomeroa * ''[[Musa sylvestris]]'' ''--'' * ''[[Musa textilis]]'' -- akondrolahy, akondrolambo, akondrosarika, foto-tsarika, raty, sarika, taintsarika == Jereo koa == * ''[[Ensete]]'' - ''[[Heliconia bihai|Heliconia]] -'' ''[[Musella lasiocarpa|Musella]] -'' * [[Akondro (voany)]] * [[Akondro (zavamaniry)]] * [[Voankazo]] * [[Manga]] * [[Voasary]] * [[Voasarimakirana]] * [[Mandarinina (zavamaniry)]] * [[Laoranjy]] * [[Paoma]] * [[Paiso]] == Rohy ivelany == * [http://www.nutritiondata.com/facts-B00001-01c20Tm.html Complete nutritional information.] * [http://www.inibap.org/ International Network for the Improvement of Banana and Plantain (INIBAP)] * [http://www.honduras.com/fhia/engl-menu.htm Honduran Foundation of Agricultural Research (FHIA)] {{Wayback|url=http://www.honduras.com/fhia/engl-menu.htm|date=20111214122041}} * [http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/morton/banana.html Banana from ''Fruits of Warm Climates'' by Julia Morton] * [http://www.uga.edu/fruit/banana.htm Banana and Plantain - University of Georgia] {{Wayback|url=http://www.uga.edu/fruit/banana.htm|date=20060810044214}} * [http://www.crfg.org/pubs/ff/banana.html Banana Fruit Facts - California Rare Fruit Growers] {{Wayback|url=http://www.crfg.org/pubs/ff/banana.html|date=20201017075339}}. * [http://www.pacificbiological.org.au/projects/PBF_02_3/pbf_02_3.htm Tracing antiquity of banana cultivation in Papua New Guinea] {{Wayback|url=http://www.pacificbiological.org.au/projects/PBF_02_3/pbf_02_3.htm|date=20051018030537}} * [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/2664373.stm Bananas could split for good] * [http://www.fao.org/english/newsroom/news/2003/13120-en.html Bananas not on verge of extinction, says FAO] {{Wayback|url=http://www.fao.org/english/newsroom/news/2003/13120-en.html|date=20050829070721}}. * [http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2003-02/aps-ppu021403.php Plant pathologists unpeel rumors of banana extinction] {{Wayback|url=http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2003-02/aps-ppu021403.php|date=20070126100813}} * [http://www.delaat.nl/main.php?main=ripening&sub=intro&ln=en De Laat Koudetechniek - Information about ripeningrooms] {{Wayback|url=http://www.delaat.nl/main.php?main=ripening&sub=intro&ln=en|date=20070929033856}} * [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8044524&dopt=Abstract The influence of banana stem e] nrri2bhrqifg622xj5ri0yy6b8gziz9 0 302521 1152510 2026-10-25T09:54:45Z Thelezifor 15140 Karazan-javamaniry ao amin' ny fianakaviana Fabaceae 1152510 wikitext text/x-wiki Ny '''''Dicraeopetalum capuronianum''''' dia karazana [[Angiospermae|zavamaniry mamony]], ao amn' ny zana-pianakaviana ''[[Faboideae]]'', ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Fabaceae]]'', izay tsy fahita afa-tsy eto [[Madagasikara]]<ref><small>Andriamanohera, A.M. (2019). "[https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/69222334/69240072 Dicraeopetalum capuronianum]". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019 e.T69222334A69240072. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T69222334A69240072.en. Retrieved 17 November 2021.</small></ref>. ''Dicraeopetalum capuronianum'' <small>(M. Peltier) Yakovlev</small> no anarany ara-tsiansa feno. Anarana nahafantarana azy teo aloha koa ny hoe ''Lovanafia capuroniana'' <small>M. Peltier</small>. Amin' ny teny malagasy izy io dia atao hoe '''lovainafy'''<ref><small>"[https://tenymalagasy.org/bins/teny2?w=lovainafy Lovainafy]", ''tenymalagasy.org''</small></ref>. Hazo mafy ny lovainafy. == Jereo koa == * ''[[Dicraeopetalum]]'' == Loharano == opgfyfrs3rffqkc2ogtagrb7q7tglbi 1152511 1152510 2026-10-25T09:55:08Z Thelezifor 15140 nanova ny anaran'i [[Lovanafia capuroniana]] ho [[Dicraeopetalum capuronianum]] i Thelezifor 1152510 wikitext text/x-wiki Ny '''''Dicraeopetalum capuronianum''''' dia karazana [[Angiospermae|zavamaniry mamony]], ao amn' ny zana-pianakaviana ''[[Faboideae]]'', ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Fabaceae]]'', izay tsy fahita afa-tsy eto [[Madagasikara]]<ref><small>Andriamanohera, A.M. (2019). "[https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/69222334/69240072 Dicraeopetalum capuronianum]". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019 e.T69222334A69240072. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T69222334A69240072.en. Retrieved 17 November 2021.</small></ref>. ''Dicraeopetalum capuronianum'' <small>(M. Peltier) Yakovlev</small> no anarany ara-tsiansa feno. Anarana nahafantarana azy teo aloha koa ny hoe ''Lovanafia capuroniana'' <small>M. Peltier</small>. Amin' ny teny malagasy izy io dia atao hoe '''lovainafy'''<ref><small>"[https://tenymalagasy.org/bins/teny2?w=lovainafy Lovainafy]", ''tenymalagasy.org''</small></ref>. Hazo mafy ny lovainafy. == Jereo koa == * ''[[Dicraeopetalum]]'' == Loharano == opgfyfrs3rffqkc2ogtagrb7q7tglbi 1152513 1152511 2026-10-25T09:55:47Z Thelezifor 15140 1152513 wikitext text/x-wiki Ny '''''Dicraeopetalum capuronianum''''' dia karazana [[Angiospermae|zavamaniry mamony]], ao amn' ny zana-pianakaviana ''[[Faboideae]]'', ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Fabaceae]]'', izay tsy fahita afa-tsy eto [[Madagasikara]]<ref><small>Andriamanohera, A.M. (2019). "[https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/69222334/69240072 Dicraeopetalum capuronianum]". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019 e.T69222334A69240072. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T69222334A69240072.en. Retrieved 17 November 2021.</small></ref>. ''Dicraeopetalum capuronianum'' <small>(M. Peltier) Yakovlev</small> no anarany ara-tsiansa feno. Anarana nahafantarana azy teo aloha koa ny hoe ''Lovanafia capuroniana'' <small>M. Peltier</small>. Amin' ny teny malagasy izy io dia atao hoe '''lovanafy''' na '''lovainafy'''<ref><small>"[https://tenymalagasy.org/bins/teny2?w=lovainafy Lovainafy]", ''tenymalagasy.org''</small></ref>. Hazo mafy ny lovainafy. == Jereo koa == * ''[[Dicraeopetalum]]'' == Loharano == p80lgrb7jx0j3wyt4f4jlepa5vnaxha 1152516 1152513 2026-10-25T10:22:02Z Thelezifor 15140 Anarana amin' ny teny malagasy 1152516 wikitext text/x-wiki Ny '''''Dicraeopetalum capuronianum''''' dia karazana [[Angiospermae|zavamaniry mamony]], ao amn' ny zana-pianakaviana ''[[Faboideae]]'', ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Fabaceae]]'', izay tsy fahita afa-tsy eto [[Madagasikara]]<ref><small>Andriamanohera, A.M. (2019). "[https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/69222334/69240072 Dicraeopetalum capuronianum]". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019 e.T69222334A69240072. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T69222334A69240072.en. Retrieved 17 November 2021.</small></ref>. ''Dicraeopetalum capuronianum'' <small>(M. Peltier) Yakovlev</small> no anarany ara-tsiansa feno. Anarana nahafantarana azy teo aloha koa ny hoe ''Lovanafia capuroniana'' <small>M. Peltier</small>. Amin' ny teny malagasy izy io dia atao hoe '''arandranto''', '''harandranto''', '''lovainafy''', ary '''lovanjafy'''<ref><small>"[https://tenymalagasy.org/bins/teny2/Lovanafia?w=Lovanafia Lovanafia]", ''tenymalagasy.org''</small></ref>. Hazo mafy ny lovainafy. == Jereo koa == * ''[[Dicraeopetalum]]'' * [[Lovainafy]]: ''Dicraeopetalum capuronianum'' <small>(M. Peltier) Yakovlev</small> (←''Lovanafia capuroniana'' <small>M. Peltier</small>); ''[[Dicraeopetalum mahafaliense]]'' <small>(M. Peltier) Yakovlev</small> (← ''Lovanafia mahafaliensis'' <small>M. Peltier</small>) == Loharano == 880wwmh8uy0amzlcwlf240b7pnyowiz 1152519 1152516 2026-10-25T10:38:46Z Thelezifor 15140 1152519 wikitext text/x-wiki Ny '''''Dicraeopetalum capuronianum''''' dia karazana [[Angiospermae|zavamaniry mamony]], ao amin' ny zana-pianakaviana ''[[Faboideae]]'', ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Fabaceae]]'', izay tsy fahita afa-tsy eto [[Madagasikara]]<ref><small>Andriamanohera, A.M. (2019). "[https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/69222334/69240072 Dicraeopetalum capuronianum]". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019 e.T69222334A69240072. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T69222334A69240072.en. Retrieved 17 November 2021.</small></ref>. ''Dicraeopetalum capuronianum'' <small>(M. Peltier) Yakovlev</small> no anarany ara-tsiansa feno. Anarana nahafantarana azy teo aloha koa ny hoe ''Lovanafia capuroniana'' <small>M. Peltier</small>. Amin' ny teny malagasy izy io dia atao hoe '''arandranto''', '''harandranto''', '''lovainafy''', na '''lovanjafy'''<ref><small>"[https://tenymalagasy.org/bins/teny2/Lovanafia?w=Lovanafia Lovanafia]", ''tenymalagasy.org''</small></ref>. Hazo mafy ny lovainafy. Hita any amin' ny faritra atsimo sy atsimo-andrefana amin' i Madagasikara ity zavamaniry ity. == Jereo koa == * ''[[Dicraeopetalum]]'' * [[Lovainafy]]: ''Dicraeopetalum capuronianum'' <small>(M. Peltier) Yakovlev</small> (←''Lovanafia capuroniana'' <small>M. Peltier</small>); ''[[Dicraeopetalum mahafaliense]]'' <small>(M. Peltier) Yakovlev</small> (← ''Lovanafia mahafaliensis'' <small>M. Peltier</small>) == Loharano == h3jlr5uq1uo3yf11s22hz3itnnqz3ir 0 302522 1152512 2026-10-25T09:55:08Z Thelezifor 15140 nanova ny anaran'i [[Lovanafia capuroniana]] ho [[Dicraeopetalum capuronianum]] i Thelezifor 1152512 wikitext text/x-wiki #FIHODINANA [[Dicraeopetalum capuronianum]] a556uu3v0ccl5dflbtq1h5cf7h4ve6z 0 302523 1152514 2026-10-25T10:13:02Z Thelezifor 15140 Vondron-karazan-javamaniry ao amin' ny fianakaviana Fabaceae 1152514 wikitext text/x-wiki Ny '''''Dicraeopetalum''''' dia vondron-karazana [[Angiospermae|zavamaniry mamony]] [[roa ravin-tsimoka]] ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Fabaceae]]'', ao amin' ny filaharana [[Fabales]]. Ahitana karazana telo ao anatin' izany, izay teratany ao [[Etiôpia]], ao [[Sômalia]] ao [[Kenià]] ary eto [[Madagasikara]]. ''Dicraeopetalum'' <small>Harms (1902)</small> no anarany ara-tsiansa feno. Anarana nahafantarana azy koa ny hoe '''''Lovanafia''''' <small>M. Peltier</small> <small>(1972)</small>. == Lisitry ny karazana == Ahitana ireto karazana manaraka ireto ny ''Dicraeopetalum'': * ''[[Dicraeopetalum capuronianum]]'' <small>(M. Peltier) Yakovlev</small> (← ''Lovanafia capuroniana'' <small>M. Peltier</small>) – arandranto, harandranto, lovainafy, lovanjafy (faritra atsimo sy atsimo-andrefana amin' i [[Madagasikara]]) * ''[[Dicraeopetalum mahafaliense]]'' <small>(M. Peltier) Yakovlev</small> (← ''Lovanafia mahafaliensis'' <small>M. Peltier</small>) – lovanafy, lovanjefy, trazafilahy (faritra atsimo amin' i Madagasikara) * ''[[Dicraeopetalum stipulare]]'' <small>Harms</small> – () faritra atsimo-atsinanana amin' i [[Etiôpia]], any [[Sômalia]], ary faritra avaratra-atsinanana amin' i [[Kenià]] Hita any amin' ny faritra atsimo sy atsimo-andrefana amin' i [[Madagasikara]] ny ''Dicraeopetalum capuronianum''. Any amin' ny faritra atsimo amin' i Madagasikara no ahitana ny ''Dicraeopetalum mahafaliense''. Ny ''Dicraeopetalum stipulare'' kosa dia any amin' ny faritra atsimo-atsinanana amin' i [[Etiôpia]] sy any [[Sômalia]] ary any amin' ny faritra avaratra-atsinanana amin' i [[Kenià]] 5p5pymagil07vxykhjlzcuzjaghzhfy 1152515 1152514 2026-10-25T10:16:47Z Thelezifor 15140 Loharano 1152515 wikitext text/x-wiki Ny '''''Dicraeopetalum''''' dia vondron-karazana [[Angiospermae|zavamaniry mamony]] [[roa ravin-tsimoka]] ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Fabaceae]]'', ao amin' ny filaharana [[Fabales]]. Ahitana karazana telo ao anatin' izany, izay teratany ao [[Etiôpia]], ao [[Sômalia]] ao [[Kenià]] ary eto [[Madagasikara]]. ''Dicraeopetalum'' <small>Harms (1902)</small> no anarany ara-tsiansa feno. Anarana nahafantarana azy koa ny hoe '''''Lovanafia''''' <small>M. Peltier</small> <small>(1972)</small>. == Lisitry ny karazana == Ahitana ireto karazana manaraka ireto ny ''Dicraeopetalum''<ref><small>"[https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331085-2 Dicraeopetalum Harms]". ''Plants of the World Online''. Notsidihina tamin' ny 18/08/2023.</small></ref>: * ''[[Dicraeopetalum capuronianum]]'' <small>(M. Peltier) Yakovlev</small> (← ''Lovanafia capuroniana'' <small>M. Peltier</small>) – arandranto, harandranto, lovainafy, lovanjafy * ''[[Dicraeopetalum mahafaliense]]'' <small>(M. Peltier) Yakovlev</small> (← ''Lovanafia mahafaliensis'' <small>M. Peltier</small>) – lovanafy, lovanjefy, trazafilahy * ''[[Dicraeopetalum stipulare]]'' <small>Harms</small> Hita any amin' ny faritra atsimo sy atsimo-andrefana amin' i [[Madagasikara]] ny ''Dicraeopetalum capuronianum''. Any amin' ny faritra atsimo amin' i Madagasikara no ahitana ny ''Dicraeopetalum mahafaliense''. Ny ''Dicraeopetalum stipulare'' kosa dia any amin' ny faritra atsimo-atsinanana amin' i [[Etiôpia]] sy any [[Sômalia]] ary any amin' ny faritra avaratra-atsinanana amin' i [[Kenià]]. == Loharano == c5scouaiaxzwmqxl9wsfg557g8h2vp2 1152521 1152515 2026-10-25T10:45:50Z Thelezifor 15140 Rohy anatiny 1152521 wikitext text/x-wiki Ny '''''Dicraeopetalum''''' dia vondron-karazana [[Angiospermae|zavamaniry mamony]] [[roa ravin-tsimoka]] ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Fabaceae]]'', ao amin' ny filaharana [[Fabales]]. Ahitana karazana telo ao anatin' izany, izay teratany ao [[Etiôpia]], ao [[Sômalia]] ao [[Kenià]] ary eto [[Madagasikara]]. ''Dicraeopetalum'' <small>Harms (1902)</small> no anarany ara-tsiansa feno. Anarana nahafantarana azy koa ny hoe '''''Lovanafia''''' <small>M. Peltier</small> <small>(1972)</small>. == Lisitry ny karazana == Ahitana ireto karazana manaraka ireto ny ''Dicraeopetalum''<ref><small>"[https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331085-2 Dicraeopetalum Harms]". ''Plants of the World Online''. Notsidihina tamin' ny 18/08/2023.</small></ref>: * ''[[Dicraeopetalum capuronianum]]'' <small>(M. Peltier) Yakovlev</small> (← ''Lovanafia capuroniana'' <small>M. Peltier</small>) – arandranto, harandranto, lovainafy, lovanjafy * ''[[Dicraeopetalum mahafaliense]]'' <small>(M. Peltier) Yakovlev</small> (← ''Lovanafia mahafaliensis'' <small>M. Peltier</small>) – lovanafy, lovanjefy, trazafilahy * ''[[Dicraeopetalum stipulare]]'' <small>Harms</small> (← ''Acosmium stipulare'' <small>(Harms) Yakovlev</small>) Hita any amin' ny faritra atsimo sy atsimo-andrefana amin' i [[Madagasikara]] ny ''Dicraeopetalum capuronianum''. Any amin' ny faritra atsimo amin' i Madagasikara no ahitana ny ''Dicraeopetalum mahafaliense''. Ny ''Dicraeopetalum stipulare'' kosa dia any amin' ny faritra atsimo-atsinanana amin' i [[Etiôpia]] sy any [[Sômalia]] ary any amin' ny faritra avaratra-atsinanana amin' i [[Kenià]]. == Jereo koa == * ''[[Acosmium]]'' == Loharano == tfov5zezt3vz1dnq4xc1gl209e5xk13 0 302524 1152517 2026-10-25T10:26:35Z Thelezifor 15140 Zavamaniry samihafa mitovy anarana 1152517 wikitext text/x-wiki Ny '''lovainafy''' na '''lovanafy''' dia karazan-javamaniry samihafa ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Fabaceae]]'', filaharana [[Fabales]]:, izay hita any amin' ny faritra atsimo sy atsimo-andrefana amin' i [[Madagasikara]]: * ''[[Dicraeopetalum capuronianum]]'' <small>(M. Peltier) Yakovlev</small> (←''Lovanafia capuroniana'' <small>M. Peltier</small>) -- arandranto, harandranto, lovainafy, lovanjafy * ''[[Dicraeopetalum mahafaliense]]'' <small>(M. Peltier) Yakovlev</small> (← ''Lovanafia mahafaliensis'' <small>M. Peltier</small>) -- lovanafy, lovanjefy, trazafilahy == Jereo koa == * ''[[Dicraeopetalum]]'' dbot6630h1wv897yen29p5kj7a8r3ib 0 302525 1152518 2026-10-25T10:33:19Z Thelezifor 15140 Karazan-javamaniry ao amin' ny fianakaviana Fabaceae 1152518 wikitext text/x-wiki Ny '''''Dicraeopetalum''''' '''''mahafaliense''''' dia karazana [[Angiospermae|zavamaniry mamony]], ao amin' ny zana-pianakaviana ''[[Faboideae]]'', ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Fabaceae]]'', izay tsy fahita afa-tsy eto [[Madagasikara]]<ref><small>Andriamanohera, A.M. (2019). "[https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/36226/69258289 Dicraeopetalum mahafaliense]". ''IUCN Red List of Threatened Species''. 2019 e.T36226A69258289. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T36226A69258289.en. Retrieved 14 November 2021.</small></ref>. ''Dicraeopetalum capuronianum'' <small>(M. Peltier) Yakovlev</small> no anarany ara-tsiansa feno. Anarana nahafantarana azy teo aloha koa ny hoe ''Lovanafia'' ''mahafaliensis'' <small>M. Peltier</small>. Amin' ny teny malagasy izy io dia atao hoe '''lovanafy''', '''lovanjefy''' na '''trazafilahy'''<ref><small>"[https://tenymalagasy.org/bins/teny2/Lovanafia?w=Lovanafia Lovanafia]", ''tenymalagasy.org''</small></ref>. Hazo mafy ny lovanafy. == Jereo koa == * ''[[Dicraeopetalum]]'' * [[Lovainafy]]: ''[[Dicraeopetalum capuronianum]]'' <small>(M. Peltier) Yakovlev</small> (←''Lovanafia capuroniana'' <small>M. Peltier</small>); ''Dicraeopetalum mahafaliense'' <small>(M. Peltier) Yakovlev</small> (← ''Lovanafia mahafaliensis'' <small>M. Peltier</small>) == Loharano == 7sxg0tixl90y6lnd3u4u6dbpaq9yemo 1152520 1152518 2026-10-25T10:39:24Z Thelezifor 15140 1152520 wikitext text/x-wiki Ny '''''Dicraeopetalum''''' '''''mahafaliense''''' dia karazana [[Angiospermae|zavamaniry mamony]], ao amin' ny zana-pianakaviana ''[[Faboideae]]'', ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Fabaceae]]'', izay tsy fahita afa-tsy eto [[Madagasikara]]<ref><small>Andriamanohera, A.M. (2019). "[https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/36226/69258289 Dicraeopetalum mahafaliense]". ''IUCN Red List of Threatened Species''. 2019 e.T36226A69258289. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T36226A69258289.en. Retrieved 14 November 2021.</small></ref>. ''Dicraeopetalum capuronianum'' <small>(M. Peltier) Yakovlev</small> no anarany ara-tsiansa feno. Anarana nahafantarana azy teo aloha koa ny hoe ''Lovanafia'' ''mahafaliensis'' <small>M. Peltier</small>. Amin' ny teny malagasy izy io dia atao hoe '''lovanafy''', '''lovanjefy''' na '''trazafilahy'''<ref><small>"[https://tenymalagasy.org/bins/teny2/Lovanafia?w=Lovanafia Lovanafia]", ''tenymalagasy.org''</small></ref>. Hazo mafy ny lovanafy. Any amin' ny faritra atsimo amin' i Madagasikara no ahitana ny ''Dicraeopetalum mahafaliense''. == Jereo koa == * ''[[Dicraeopetalum]]'' * [[Lovainafy]]: ''[[Dicraeopetalum capuronianum]]'' <small>(M. Peltier) Yakovlev</small> (←''Lovanafia capuroniana'' <small>M. Peltier</small>); ''Dicraeopetalum mahafaliense'' <small>(M. Peltier) Yakovlev</small> (← ''Lovanafia mahafaliensis'' <small>M. Peltier</small>) == Loharano == 3ae5yor6erxzyciia0f92m94itv0725 0 302526 1152522 2026-10-25T10:47:10Z Thelezifor 15140 Karazan-javamaniry ao amin' ny fianakaviana Fabaceae 1152522 wikitext text/x-wiki Ny '''''Dicraeopetalum stipulare''''' dia karazana [[Angiospermae|zavamaniry mamony]], ao amin' ny zana-pianakaviana ''[[Faboideae]]'', ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Fabaceae]]''<ref><small>World Conservation Monitoring Centre (1998). "[https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/32238/9690383 Dicraeopetalum stipulare]". ''IUCN Red List of Threatened Species''. 1998 e.T32238A9690383. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1998.RLTS.T32238A9690383.en. Retrieved 17 November 2021.</small></ref>. ''Dicraeopetalum stipulare'' <small>Harms</small> no anarany ara-tsiansa feno. Anarana nahafantarana azy teo aloha koa ny hoe ''Acosmium stipulare'' <small>(Harms) Yakovlev</small>. Teratany any amin' ny faritra atsimo-atsinanana amin' i [[Etiôpia]] sy any [[Sômalia]] ary any amin' ny faritra avaratra-atsinanana amin' i [[Kenià]] ity zavamaniry ity. == Jereo koa == * ''[[Dicraeopetalum]]'' * ''[[Acosmium]]'' == Loharano == 7rjxvv3z9ersq6vxg8g1haojzdo7o8c 0 302527 1152523 2026-10-25T11:25:11Z Thelezifor 15140 Vondron-karazan-javamaniry ao amin' ny fianakaviana Fabaceae 1152523 wikitext text/x-wiki Ny '''''Acosmium''''' dia vondron-javamaniry mamony teratany any [[Amerika Atsimo]], izay ao anatin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Fabaceae]]''. Karazana telo no ekena ankehitriny ao anatin' io vondrona io. Ny ankamaroan' ny karazana ''Acosmium'' dia nafindra vao haingana ho ao amin' ny vondrona ''[[Leptolobium]]'', ary ny karazana iray kosa nafindra ho ao amin' ny ''[[Guianodendron]]'' (vondrona iray any Amerika Atsimo). Ny vondrona ''Acosmium'' tenany kosa dia nafindra avy ao amin' ny fokon-javamaniry ''Sophoreae'' ho ao amin' ny ''[[Dalbergieae]]''. == Karazana == Karazana telo no ekena ankehitriny ao anatin' ny ''Acosmium'': * ''[[Acosmium cardenasii]]'' <small>H.S. Irwin & Arroyo</small> * ''[[Acosmium diffusissimum]]'' <small>(Mohlenbr.) Yakovlev</small> * ''[[Acosmium lentiscifolium]]'' <small>Schott.</small> === Karazana napetraka tao taloha === Indreto ny lisitra efa lany andro izay mbola ahitana ny karazana efa nafindra vondrona, araka ny ''[[The Plant List]]'' <small>(17 septembre 2018)</small><small>,</small> sy ny fnovana natao: * ''Acosmium bijugum'' <small>(Vogel) Yakovlev</small> (→ ''Leptolobium bijugum'' <small>(Spreng.) Vogel</small>) * ''Acosmium brachystachyum'' <small>(Benth.) Yakovlev</small> (→ ''Leptolobium brachystachyum'' <small>(Benth.) Sch.Rodr. & A.M.G.Azevedo</small>) * ''[[Acosmium cardenasii]]'' <small>H.S.Irwin & Arroyo</small> (tsy niova vondrona) * ''Acosmium dasycarpum'' <small>(Vogel) Yakovlev</small> (→ ''Leptolobium dasycarpum'' <small>Vogel</small>) * ''[[Acosmium diffusissimum]]'' <small>(Mohlenbr.) Yakovlev</small> (tsy niova vondrona) * ''Acosmium fallax'' <small>(Taub.) Yakovlev</small> () * ''Acosmium glaziovianum'' <small>(Harms) Yakovlev</small> (→ ''Leptolobium glaziovianum'' <small>(Harms) Sch.Rodr. & A.M.G.Azevedo</small>) * ''[[Acosmium lentiscifolium]]'' <small>Schott</small> (tsy niova vondrona) * ''Acosmium mohlenbrockii'' <small>Yakovlev</small> () * ''Acosmium nitens'' <small>(Vogel) Yakovlev</small> (→ ''Leptolobium nitens'' <small>Vogel</small>) * ''Acosmium panamense'' <small>(Benth.) Yakovlev</small> (→ ''Leptolobium panamense'' <small>(Benth.) Sch.Rodr. & A.M.G.Azevedo</small>) * ''Acosmium parvifolium'' <small>(Harms) Yakovlev</small> (→ ''Leptolobium parvifolium'' <small>(Harms) Sch.Rodr. & A.M.G.Azevedo</small>) * ''Acosmium praeclarum'' <small>(Sandwith) Yakovlev</small> <small>()</small> * ''Acosmium stirtonii'' <small>G.A. Aymard & V. González</small> (→ ''Leptolobium stirtonii'' <small>(G.A.Aymard & V.González) Sch.Rodr. & A.M.G.Azevedo</small>) * ''Acosmium subelegans'' <small>(Mohlenbr.) Yakovlev</small> (→ ''Leptolobium elegans'' Vogel) * ''Acosmium tenuifolium'' <small>(Vogel) Yakovlev</small> (→ ''Leptolobium tenuifolium'' <small>Vogel</small><small>)</small> * ''Acosmium tomentellum'' <small>(Mohlenbr.) Yakovlev</small> (?) * ''Acosmium trichonema'' <small>Rizzini</small> <small>()</small> == Jereo koa == * ''[[Dicraeopetalum]]'' * ''[[Guianodendron]]'' * ''[[Leptolobium]]'' * ''[[Tachigali]]'' * ''[[Haematoxylum]]'' p88usdsdc2slycs5ifjxxikgie0i0yq 1152524 1152523 2026-10-25T11:25:55Z Thelezifor 15140 Nanitsy tsipelina 1152524 wikitext text/x-wiki Ny '''''Acosmium''''' dia vondron-karazana [[Angiospermae|zavamaniry mamony]] teratany any [[Amerika Atsimo]], izay ao anatin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Fabaceae]]''. Karazana telo no ekena ankehitriny ao anatin' io vondrona io. Ny ankamaroan' ny karazana ''Acosmium'' dia nafindra vao haingana ho ao amin' ny vondrona ''[[Leptolobium]]'', ary ny karazana iray kosa nafindra ho ao amin' ny ''[[Guianodendron]]'' (vondrona iray any Amerika Atsimo). Ny vondrona ''Acosmium'' tenany kosa dia nafindra avy ao amin' ny fokon-javamaniry ''Sophoreae'' ho ao amin' ny ''[[Dalbergieae]]''. == Karazana == Karazana telo no ekena ankehitriny ao anatin' ny ''Acosmium'': * ''[[Acosmium cardenasii]]'' <small>H.S. Irwin & Arroyo</small> * ''[[Acosmium diffusissimum]]'' <small>(Mohlenbr.) Yakovlev</small> * ''[[Acosmium lentiscifolium]]'' <small>Schott.</small> === Karazana napetraka tao taloha === Indreto ny lisitra efa lany andro izay mbola ahitana ny karazana efa nafindra vondrona, araka ny ''[[The Plant List]]'' <small>(17 septembre 2018)</small><small>,</small> sy ny fnovana natao: * ''Acosmium bijugum'' <small>(Vogel) Yakovlev</small> (→ ''Leptolobium bijugum'' <small>(Spreng.) Vogel</small>) * ''Acosmium brachystachyum'' <small>(Benth.) Yakovlev</small> (→ ''Leptolobium brachystachyum'' <small>(Benth.) Sch.Rodr. & A.M.G.Azevedo</small>) * ''[[Acosmium cardenasii]]'' <small>H.S.Irwin & Arroyo</small> (tsy niova vondrona) * ''Acosmium dasycarpum'' <small>(Vogel) Yakovlev</small> (→ ''Leptolobium dasycarpum'' <small>Vogel</small>) * ''[[Acosmium diffusissimum]]'' <small>(Mohlenbr.) Yakovlev</small> (tsy niova vondrona) * ''Acosmium fallax'' <small>(Taub.) Yakovlev</small> () * ''Acosmium glaziovianum'' <small>(Harms) Yakovlev</small> (→ ''Leptolobium glaziovianum'' <small>(Harms) Sch.Rodr. & A.M.G.Azevedo</small>) * ''[[Acosmium lentiscifolium]]'' <small>Schott</small> (tsy niova vondrona) * ''Acosmium mohlenbrockii'' <small>Yakovlev</small> () * ''Acosmium nitens'' <small>(Vogel) Yakovlev</small> (→ ''Leptolobium nitens'' <small>Vogel</small>) * ''Acosmium panamense'' <small>(Benth.) Yakovlev</small> (→ ''Leptolobium panamense'' <small>(Benth.) Sch.Rodr. & A.M.G.Azevedo</small>) * ''Acosmium parvifolium'' <small>(Harms) Yakovlev</small> (→ ''Leptolobium parvifolium'' <small>(Harms) Sch.Rodr. & A.M.G.Azevedo</small>) * ''Acosmium praeclarum'' <small>(Sandwith) Yakovlev</small> <small>()</small> * ''Acosmium stirtonii'' <small>G.A. Aymard & V. González</small> (→ ''Leptolobium stirtonii'' <small>(G.A.Aymard & V.González) Sch.Rodr. & A.M.G.Azevedo</small>) * ''Acosmium subelegans'' <small>(Mohlenbr.) Yakovlev</small> (→ ''Leptolobium elegans'' Vogel) * ''Acosmium tenuifolium'' <small>(Vogel) Yakovlev</small> (→ ''Leptolobium tenuifolium'' <small>Vogel</small><small>)</small> * ''Acosmium tomentellum'' <small>(Mohlenbr.) Yakovlev</small> (?) * ''Acosmium trichonema'' <small>Rizzini</small> <small>()</small> == Jereo koa == * ''[[Dicraeopetalum]]'' * ''[[Guianodendron]]'' * ''[[Leptolobium]]'' * ''[[Tachigali]]'' * ''[[Haematoxylum]]'' igiq0ve287f39t7ylxn0kddmhjeosys 1152525 1152524 2026-10-25T11:34:13Z Thelezifor 15140 Anarana ara-tsiansa 1152525 wikitext text/x-wiki Ny '''''Acosmium''''' dia vondron-karazana [[Angiospermae|zavamaniry mamony]] teratany any [[Amerika Atsimo]], izay ao anatin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Fabaceae]]''. Karazana telo no ekena ankehitriny ao anatin' io vondrona io. Ny ankamaroan' ny karazana ''Acosmium'' dia nafindra vao haingana ho ao amin' ny vondrona ''[[Leptolobium]]'', ary ny karazana iray kosa nafindra ho ao amin' ny ''[[Guianodendron]]'' (vondrona iray any Amerika Atsimo). Ny vondrona ''Acosmium'' tenany kosa dia nafindra avy ao amin' ny fokon-javamaniry ''Sophoreae'' ho ao amin' ny ''[[Dalbergieae]]''. == Karazana == Karazana telo no ekena ankehitriny ao anatin' ny ''Acosmium'': * ''[[Acosmium cardenasii]]'' <small>H.S. Irwin & Arroyo</small> * ''[[Acosmium diffusissimum]]'' <small>(Mohlenbr.) Yakovlev</small> * ''[[Acosmium lentiscifolium]]'' <small>Schott.</small> === Karazana napetraka tao taloha === Indreto ny lisitra efa lany andro izay mbola ahitana ny karazana efa nafindra vondrona, araka ny ''[[The Plant List]]'' <small>(17 septembre 2018)</small><small>,</small> sy ny fanovana natao: * ''Acosmium bijugum'' <small>(Vogel) Yakovlev</small> (→ ''Leptolobium bijugum'' <small>(Spreng.) Vogel</small>) * ''Acosmium brachystachyum'' <small>(Benth.) Yakovlev</small> (→ ''Leptolobium brachystachyum'' <small>(Benth.) Sch.Rodr. & A.M.G.Azevedo</small>) * ''[[Acosmium cardenasii]]'' <small>H.S.Irwin & Arroyo</small> (tsy niova vondrona) * ''Acosmium dasycarpum'' <small>(Vogel) Yakovlev</small> (→ ''Leptolobium dasycarpum'' <small>Vogel</small>) * ''[[Acosmium diffusissimum]]'' <small>(Mohlenbr.) Yakovlev</small> (tsy niova vondrona) * ''Acosmium fallax'' <small>(Taub.) Yakovlev</small> (→ ''[[Acosmium lentiscifolium]]'' <small>Schott</small>) * ''Acosmium glaziovianum'' <small>(Harms) Yakovlev</small> (→ ''Leptolobium glaziovianum'' <small>(Harms) Sch.Rodr. & A.M.G.Azevedo</small>) * ''[[Acosmium lentiscifolium]]'' <small>Schott</small> (tsy niova vondrona) * ''Acosmium mohlenbrockii'' <small>Yakovlev</small> (?) * ''Acosmium nitens'' <small>(Vogel) Yakovlev</small> (→ ''Leptolobium nitens'' <small>Vogel</small>) * ''Acosmium panamense'' <small>(Benth.) Yakovlev</small> (→ ''Leptolobium panamense'' <small>(Benth.) Sch.Rodr. & A.M.G.Azevedo</small>) * ''Acosmium parvifolium'' <small>(Harms) Yakovlev</small> (→ ''Leptolobium parvifolium'' <small>(Harms) Sch.Rodr. & A.M.G.Azevedo</small>) * ''Acosmium praeclarum'' <small>(Sandwith) Yakovlev</small> (→ ''Guianodendron praeclarum'' <small>(Sandwith) Sch.Rodr. & A.M.G.Azevedo</small>) * ''Acosmium stirtonii'' <small>G.A. Aymard & V. González</small> (→ ''Leptolobium stirtonii'' <small>(G.A.Aymard & V.González) Sch.Rodr. & A.M.G.Azevedo</small>) * ''Acosmium subelegans'' <small>(Mohlenbr.) Yakovlev</small> (→ ''Leptolobium elegans'' Vogel) * ''Acosmium tenuifolium'' <small>(Vogel) Yakovlev</small> (→ ''Leptolobium tenuifolium'' <small>Vogel</small><small>)</small> * ''Acosmium tomentellum'' <small>(Mohlenbr.) Yakovlev</small> (→ ''Leptolobium nitens'' <small>Vogel</small>) * ''Acosmium trichonema'' <small>Rizzini</small> (?) == Jereo koa == * ''[[Dicraeopetalum]]'' * ''[[Guianodendron]]'' * ''[[Leptolobium]]'' * ''[[Tachigali]]'' * ''[[Haematoxylum]]'' 1crjticbet2z35c9v0huicr3h5rfacr