Wikipedia minwiki https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laman_Utamo MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.9 first-letter Media Istimewa Rundiang Pangguno Rundiang Pangguno Wikipedia Rundiang Wikipedia Berkas Rundiang Berkas MediaWiki Rundiang MediaWiki Templat Rundiang Templat Bantuan Rundiang Bantuan Kategori Rundiang Kategori Portal Diskusi Portal TimedText TimedText talk Modul Rundiang Modul Acara Pembicaraan Acara Rayola 0 323309 3349336 3349197 2026-07-08T08:19:05Z Afdhal Sy 20915 3349336 wikitext text/x-wiki {{infobox urang}} '''Rayola''' atau Yola Aurelia Laksmi ({{lahirmati|[[Padang]]|31|3|1996}}) adolah penyanyi [[Indonesia]] nan populer jo lagu bahaso Minang.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://bukittinggiku.com/4-penyanyi-minang-paling-cantik-no-3-katanya-mirip-raisa-loh/|title=4 Penyanyi Minang Paling Cantik, No.3 Katanya Mirip Raisa Loh!|last=bukittinggiku|date=2017-07-10|website=bukittinggiku.com|language=en-US|access-date=2019-05-19}}</ref> Rayola marupoan anak kanduang dari ayahnyo banamo Doni Kalimata, dan ibunyo banamo Rina Hendriani, dan dia marupoan anak katigo dari ampek basaudara, berikut namo saudaranyo, yaitu Yoga Pradana (Kakak), Yogi Pradipta (Kakak), Fanessa Allyah Rasya (adiak).<ref name=":1">https://www.harianhaluan.com/news/detail/85697/jadi-saksi-pernikahan-rayola-ini-kata-wagub-sumbar. Diakses pada 04-01-2024</ref> Inyo labiah populer jo lagu [[Minang]]. Lagunyo nan populer antaro lain “Hanyo Punyo Cinto”.<ref name=":0" /> Lagu baru “Rantau Den Pajauah” nan dinyanyikan basamo [[Ipank]] juo turuik sukses.<ref name=":0" /> Rayola barado dibawah naungan label, yaitu Elta Record, Ry Production, Agri'e Production, Sangsaka Production, Leprin Production, Ragel Production, Banda 10 Record. = Pendidikan = Rayola manampuah pendidikannyo di Kota Padang mulai dari bangku Sekolah Dasar (SD), Sekolah Menengah Pertama (SMP), dan terakhir manamaik-an pendidikan di bangku Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan, yaitu di SMK Kosgoro Padang. Salapeh SMK, Rayola indak malanjuik-an sakolah ka janjang yang labiah tinggi, yaitu ka bangku perguruan tinggi, karano aktif dalam bidang bamusik atau manjadi penyanyi yang lah diimpikannyo atau yang manjadi cita-citanyo sajak ketek.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newshanter.com/empat-tahun-bekarir-didunia-tarik-suara-rayola-bakal-rilis-ambum-lagu-minang-ke-8/|title=Empat Tahun Bekariel Didunia Tarik Suara, Rayola Bakal Rilis Album Lagu Minang ke 8|last=Nho|first=Zp|date=2016-09-15|website=News Hunter|language=id|access-date=2024-01-05|archive-date=2024-01-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240104054006/https://www.newshanter.com/empat-tahun-bekarir-didunia-tarik-suara-rayola-bakal-rilis-ambum-lagu-minang-ke-8/|dead-url=yes}}</ref> == Karir == Rayola alah mulai manyanyi sajak inyo ketek.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://pekanbaru.tribunnews.com/2019/09/06/artis-pop-minang-rayola-tampil-bernyanyi-hingga-ke-malaysia-dari-kecil-sering-ikut-lomba|title=Artis Pop Minang Rayola Tampil Bernyanyi Hingga ke Malaysia, dari Kecil Sering Ikut Lomba|website=Tribun Pekanbaru|language=id-ID|access-date=2019-12-21}}</ref> Wakatu inyo umua 7 tahun, inyo alah baraja bamusik jo banyanyo di Bina Vocalia "Sari Musik". Sudah tu, inyo acok ikuik lomba-lomba manyanyi. Rayola ikuik audisi, festival atau lomba-lomba solo song dari semua tingkek, baik di tingkek anak-anak, remaja dan juga tingkek umum.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.tribunnews.com/seleb/2019/09/06/penyanyi-wanita-asal-minang-ini-menyanyi-hingga-ke-malaysia|title=Penyanyi Wanita Asal Minang ini Menyanyi hingga ke Malaysia|date=2024-01-05|website=Tribunnews.com|language=id-ID|access-date=2024-01-05}}</ref> Rayola mulai rekaman sangkek kelas 1 SMEA 2 Padang, di umuanyo 17 tahun, Di album partamonyo, lagu "Hanyo Punyo Cinto" langsuang disuko masyarakaik. Sampai kini Rayola alah punyo sabaleh album bahkan alah manyanyi sampai ka Malaysia. = Pernikahan = Rayola manikah dengan Rifa Rizkianto pado 1 Februari 2020 di Gedung Dt. Rangkayo Basa, Kota Padang. Wakil Gubernur Sumbar, Nasrul Abit, manjadi saksi dalam acara sakral tersebut.<ref name=":1" /> Dan dari pernikahan tersebut, Rayola dikaruniai ciek anak padusi yang banamo Afsheena Raifa. = Prestasi = Bakat manyanyi Rayola sendiri alah taliek saat dirinyo masih duduak di bangku Sekolah Dasar atau SD. Berikut dibawah ini adolah beberapa lomba atau festival yang pernah di ikuik-an dek Rayola: * Ajang perlombaan2/Festival2 Pop Minang dan Pop Indo se Sumatra Barat tingkat Anak-anak, Remaja maupun Tingkat Umum. * Juara Umum lomba lagu minang "FENY HARISON" Lubuk basung Se-SUMBAR * Juara I Lomba Lagu minang Favorit "FENY HARISON" Lubuk Basung * Juara II lomba pop di HBT/WHBT * Juara I BINTANG IDOLA CILIK Padang Fair 2008 * Juara Favorit Wanita Festival Lagu Minang Se-Kodya Padang Di RIMBO DATAR 2002 * Juara II lomba Solo song Tingkat SD kelas I-III Bazar ST.Yusuf * Pernah Mengikuti Audisi Idola Cilik kelas 4 SD masuk 46 besar * Pernah Mengikuti Audisi Afi Junior kelas 5 SD masuk 60 besar = Diskografi = ===== Album ===== * ''Hanyo Punyo Cinto'' (2012) * ''Takana Kasiah Di Pakanbaru'' (2013) * ''Cinto Tak Sampai'' (2013) * ''Rindukan Ayah'' (2014) * ''Manikam Jajak'' (2014) * ''Basandiang Bukan Jo Cinto'' (2016) * ''Luko Batahan Surang'' (2016) * ''Cinto Hanyo Di Denai'' (2017) * ''Singgalang Jaya'' (2018) * ''Tadayo Gurauan Sayang'' (2019) ===== Single ===== * "Aku Masih Tegar" (2017) * "Nirwana" (2017) * "Purcaya Do Au" (2019) * "Manyapai Ho" (2019) * "Korban Harapan" (2019) * "Cinto Paubek Luko" (2021) * "Usah Dikana Kana" (2021) * "Bansaik Parintang Sayang" (2022) * "Cincin Cinto" (2022) * "Dalam Harok Batinggakan" (2022) * "Duo Hati Satu Cinto" (2022) * "Harato Bukan Ukuran Cinto" (2022) * "Baharok Cahayo Bintang" (2022) * "Layia Takambang Suruik Bapantang" (2022) * "Aku Tak Seindah Rembulan" (2022) * "Cinto Lain Pilihan" (2022) * "Cinto Sapasukuan" (2022) * "Cinto Sataguah Karang" (2022) * "Luko" (2022) * "Medley Padiah Ditusuak Cinto, Pakasiah Tak Baramuan, Malam Panantian, Bariangnyo Luko" (2022) * "Medley Pulanglah Uda & Rindu Disayang Uda" (2022) * "Indak Ado Nan Lain" (2022) * "Luko Baukia Jo Sambilu" (2022) * "Rindu Semakin Dalam" (2022) * "Doa Restu" (2022) * "Galau Hati Ibo" (2022) * "Lah Manyuruak Tampak Juo" (2022) * "Luko Indak Dibaok Pulang" (2022) * "Sio Sio Harok Mananti" (2022) * "Denai Teseso" (2022) * "Cinto Manyeso Badan" (2022) * "Tuneh Lah Patah" (2022) * "Haram Babaliak Sayang" (2022) * "Kandak Rang Tuo" (2022) * "Jodoh Indak Di Tangan Kito" (2022) * "Lupo Diri Dalam Ganggaman" (2022) * "Kawan Sairiang Urang Katigo" (2022) * "Cinto Untuak Salamonyo" (2022) * "Mauik Pamisah Cinto" (2022) * "Rinai Pun Jadi Juo" (2022) * "Batahun Di Rantau" (2022) * "Rilakan Denai" (2023) * "Pergilah Kenangan" (2023) * "Lah Sayang Mangko Tabuang" (2023) * "Cinto Satangah Hati" (2023) * "Gamang Manaruah Sayang" (2023) * "Janji Ka Janji Nanti Ka Nanti" (2023) * "Hadirmu Membuat Terlukan" (2023) * "Urang Minang" (2023) * "Sio Sio Manaruah Sayang" (2023) * "Barayo Di Kampuang" (2023) * "Uda Salah Urang" (2023) * "Salah Bataruah Cinto" (2023) * "Indak Mungkin Kasiah Baulang" (2023) * "Salah Aku Percaya" (2023) * "Usah Dikana Kana 2" (2023) * "Hati Bamintak Jantuang Bapulangkan" (2023) * "Taraso Lai Takato Tido" (2023) * "Berakhir Sampai Disini" (2023) * "Merak Bakahueni" (2023) * "Pai Jo Rang Barado" (2023) * "Anggan Barupo Talak" (2023) * "Racun Den Sangko Madu" (2023) * "Katonyo Kawan Nyatonyo Sayang" (2023) * "Ubek Panawa Luko" (2023) * "Sapayuang Rindu" (2023) * "Sasalan Tibo Di Ujuang Luko (2023) * "Cimburu Tandonyo Sayang" (2023) * "Talarai" (2023) * "Hilang Baganti Buruak Batuka" (2023) * "Kahilangan" (2023) * "Si Malang Jo SI Mujua" (2023) * "Kandak Dapek Jaso Talupo" (2023) * "Mungkin Indak Kasalamonyo" (2023) * "Kasiah Dibateh Seso" (2023) * "Kalah Cinto Dek Harato" (2023) * "Adiak Urang Nan Den Cinto" (2023) * "Batapuak Sabalah Tangan" (2023) * "Harok Cinto Taulang" (2024) * "Usah Bajambo Tangan" (2024) * "Bareh Solok" (2024) * "Mande Nan Denai Sayang" (2024) * "Cinto Indak Sapadan" (2024) * "Rintangan Pasti Kito Hadang" (2024) * "Mananti Janji Ka Janji" (2024) * "Raso Sayang Babaleh Jo Padiah" (2024) * "Sakik Janjian Mungkia" (2024) * "Padiah Taluko" (2024) * "Salah Malabuahkan Cinto" (2024) * "Manyasa" (2024) * "Mandandam Hati" (2024) * "Isak Marindu" (2024) * "Latiah Manjago Hati" (2024) * "Simalakamo Cinto" (2024) * "Sahujan Indak Sarinai" (2024) * "Rindu Indak Babaleh" (2024) * "Bajodoh Tapi Tak Cinto" (2024) * "Dilua Galak Didalam Manangih" (2024) * "Cangguang" (2024) * "Buruak Parangai" (2024) * "Manikam Dalam Galak" (2024) * "Taguriah Mambari Tangih" (2024) * "Malu Nan Uda Bari" (2024) * "Lupo Paneh Dek Hujan Sadarok" (2024) * "Harok Bulan Nan Tarang" (2024) * "Talambek Pulang" (2024) * "Mandeh Ka Ganti Ayah" (2024) * "Sumpah Mainan Bibia" (2024) * "Indak Ka Diganti Ganti" (2024) * "Luko Ditingga Kawin" (2024) * "Tadayo Tipuan Manjo" (2024) * "Pai Indak Ka Babaliak" (2024) * "Sayang Di Urang" (2024) * "Cinto Sairiang Jalan" (2024) * "Biakan Denai Sanang" (2025) * "Cinto Suci Badutoi" (2025) * "Malapeh Hao" (2025) * "Salah Manimbang" (2025) * "Usah Denai Uda Salahkan" (2025) * "Angok DImato Uda" (2025) * "Kito Indak Sabilang" (2025) * "Tingga Jo Tangih" (2025) * "Rindu Sabateh Anggan" (2025) * "Takuik Taluko" (2025) * "Bagaluik Jo Parasaian" (2025) * "Aia Raso Baduri" (2025) * "Biakan Denai Surang" (2025) * "Maulang Sayang" (2025) * "Barek Malapeh Cinto" (2025) * "Saba Dalam Panantian" (2025) * "Hinggo Rambuik Mamutiah" (2025) * "Bialah Maurak Janji" (2025) * "Kaco Indak Kajadi Mutiara" (2025) * "Darah Taraso Baku" (2025) * "Manikam Dari Balakang" (2025) * "Kasiah Habih Sayang Tak Hilang" (2025) * "Usah Dipasalahkan" (2025) * "Tampek Jatuah Ka Dikana" (2026) * "Habih Tiado Basiso" (2026) * "Usah Dibandiang Bandiangkan" (2026) * "Tanti Batanti" (2026) * "Manutuik Hati" (2026) * "Dagiang Tak Basiso" (2026) * "Batamu Darah Tasirok" (2026) == Rujuakan == <references /> [[Kategori:Panyanyi Minangkabau]] == Pautan lua == {{Instagram|rayolaksmi}} b20g6b4q9mbza0fl75exysn7itc14c5 Gunuang Kinabalu 0 325978 3349337 2463829 2026-07-08T08:57:25Z InternetArchiveBot 12718 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3349337 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox mountain | name = Gunuang Kinabalu | native_name = ''Gunung Kinabalu'' / <big>ݢونوڠ کينبالو</big> | photo = File:IMG-20190314-WA0014.jpg | map = Malaysia relief location map.jpg | map_caption = Peta manunjuakan lokasi Gunuang Kinabalu di Malaysia. | label_position = bottom | elevation_m = 4095 | prominence_m = 4095 | prominence_ref = <br /><small>[[Daftar puncak gunuang manuruik kamanonjolan|Paringkek ka-20]]</small> | listing = [[Daftar nagara manuruik titiak tatinggi|Titiak tatinggi nagara]]<br />[[Puncak ultra manonjol|Ultra]]<br />[[Ribu|Spesial (Ribu)]] | coordinates = {{coord|6|5|N|116|33|E|type:mountain_region:MY-12_scale:100000|format=dms|display=inline,title}} | coordinates_ref = | location = [[Bagian Pantai Barat]], [[Sabah]], [[Malaysia]] | range = [[Pagunuangan Crocker]] | range_coordinates = | first white man_ascent = Maret 1851<br />Hugh Low<small>(dataran puncak)</small><br /> 1888<br />John Whitehead<small>(puncak tatinggi)</small> | easiest_route = Pandakian (''hiking'') }} '''Gunuang Kinabalu''' ({{lang-ms|Gunung Kinabalu}}) adolah ciek gunuang nan talatak di [[Bagian Pantai Barat]], [[Sabah]], [[Malaysia]]. Gunuang iko talinduangi dalam [[Taman Nasional Kinabalu]], nan marupoan [[Situs Warisan Dunia]]. Kinabalu adolah gunuang nan tatinggi pado [[Pagunuangan Crocker]] di Kalimantan, sarato nan tatinggi pulo di [[Kapulauan Malayu]] jo di nagara Malaysia.{{#tag:ref|Manuruik definisi nan bapakai, [[Kapulauan Malayu]] nan indak maliputi [[Papua Nugini]], di mano tadapek [[Daftar gunuang tatinggi di Papua Nugini|22 gunuang]] bakatinggian di ateh 4100 m.|group="note"}} Gunuang Kinabalu tamasuak dalam [[Daftar puncak gunuang manuruik kamanonjolan|paringkek ka-20]] di dunia manuruik [[kamanonjolan topografis]]nyo (''topographic prominence'').<ref>{{cite web|url=http://peaklist.org/WWlists/WorldTop50.html|title=World Top 50 Most Prominent Peaks|publisher=Peaklist.org|accessdate=21 November 2011}}</ref> Pado taun 1997, suatu survei ulang manggunoan teknologi satelit manatapan baso pucuak tatingginyo (yaitu Low's Peak) bakatinggian {{convert|4095|m|ft|0}} di ateh pamukoan lauik, yaitu sakita {{convert|6|m|ft|0}} kurangnyo daripado katinggian nan dianggap jo dipublikasikan sabalunnyo pado {{convert|4101|m|ft|0}}.<ref name=P&L>[[Anthea Phillipps|Phillipps, A.]] & [[Francis Liew|F. Liew]] 2000. ''Globetrotter Visitor's Guide – Kinabalu Park''. New Holland Publishers (UK) Ltd.</ref> Gunuang Kinabalu maliputi [[kawasan ekologi]] '''padang rumpuik pagunuangan Kinabalu''', barupo [[bioma]] tipe [[padang rumpuik jo samak baluka pagunuangan]]. Gunuang jo kawasan sakitanyo dianggap salah satu situs biologi nan paling pantiang di dunia, di mano tadapek antaro 5.000 inggo 6,000 spesies tumbuahan, 326 spesies buruang, sarato labiah dari 100 spesies mamalia nan taidentifikasi. Di antaro bajinih-jinih kaidupan alam lia nan kayo iko tamasuak pulo spesies tanamo sarupo bungo ''[[Rafflesia]]'' jo [[urangutan]]. Gunuang Kinabalu alah tacantum sabagai situs Warisan Dunia [[UNESCO]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1012/|title=Kinabalu Park|publisher=UNESCO World Heritage Centre|accessdate=7 June 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://goseasia.about.com/od/travelplanning/ss/8seasiasights_4.htm|title=Mount Kinabalu, Malaysia|author=Michael Aquino|work=About.com Travel|accessdate=7 June 2015|archive-date=4 April 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150404012427/http://goseasia.about.com/od/travelplanning/ss/8seasiasights_4.htm|dead-url=yes}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ecologyasia.com/html-loc/mount-kinabalu.htm|title=Mount Kinabalu – revered abode of the dead|publisher=Ecology Asia|accessdate=7 June 2015}}</ref> Low's Peak dapek didaki dek urang nan bakondisi fisik baik jo indak paralu mamakai parlangkapan [[panjek gunuang]] untuak manampuah sapanjang jalua utamonyo, tapi para pandaki aruih ditamani satiok wakatu jo panunjuak jalan (''guide'') nan taakreditasi manuruik paraturan taman nasional itu, sarato dapek juo tasarang [[panyakik katinggian]] (''altitude sickness'').<ref>{{cite book|author=Simon Richmond|title=Malaysia, Singapore & Brunei|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VMKOuzRxOJsC&pg=PA360|year=2010|publisher=Lonely Planet|isbn=978-1-74104-887-2|pages=360–}}</ref> == Biologi == Gunuang Kinabalu jo daerah dataran tinggi Pagunuangan Crocker nan mangulilianginyo alah tanamo di saluruah dunia dek karano [[kaanekaragaman hayati]] [[spesies]] [[botani]] jo [[Biologi|biologis]]<nowiki/>nyo, dari baragamnyo tanaman-tanaman nan baasa dari [[Himalaya]], [[Australasia]], jo [[Indomalaya]]. Suatu survei botani tarakia di gunuang ko mampakiroan ado 5.000 sampai 6.000 spesies tanaman (indak tamasuak lumuik jo lumuik ati, tatapi tamasuak paku),<ref name=P&L /><ref>Parris, By. S., R. S. Beaman, and J. H. Beaman. 1992. ''The Plants of Mount Kinabalu: 1. Ferns and Fern Allies.'' Kew: Royal Botanic Gardens. 165 pp + 5 pl.</ref><ref>Wood, J. J., J. H. Beaman, and R. S. Beaman. 1993. ''The Plants of Mount Kinabalu. 2. Orchids.'' Kew: Royal Botanic Gardens. xii + 411 pp + 84 pl.</ref><ref>Beaman, J. H., and R. S. Beaman. 1998. ''The Plants of Mount Kinabalu. 3. Gymnosperms and Non-Orchid Monocotyledons.'' Kota Kinabalu: Natural History Publications (Borneo) Sdn. Bhd.; Kew: Royal Botanic Gardens. xii + 220 pp + 25 pl.</ref><ref>Beaman, J. H., C. Anderson, and R. S. Beaman. 2001. ''The plants of Mount Kinabalu. 4: Dicotyledon families Acanthaceae to Lythraceae.'' xiv + 570 pp + 45 pl. Kota Kinabalu: Natural History Publications (Borneo) Sdn. Bhd.; Kew: Royal Botanic Gardens.</ref><ref>Beaman, J. H., and C. Anderson. 2004. ''The plants of Mount Kinabalu. 5: Dicotyledon families Magnoliaceae to Winteraceae.'' xiv + 609 pp + 40 pl. Kota Kinabalu: Natural History Publications (Borneo) Sdn. Bhd.; Kew: Royal Botanic Gardens.</ref> di mano iko labiah dari jumalah gabuangan dari nan ado di saluruah Eropa jo Amerika Utara (indak tamasuak wilayah tropis Meksiko). Iko sabauknyo tampek itu tamasuak salah satu situs biologis paliang pantiang di dunia. Alasan ateh kaanekaragaman jo endemisme nan kayo iko adolah sangaik tinggiannyo inggo dapek malinduangi spesies-spesies nan baadaptasi di daerah dingin salamo maso interglasial.<ref name="doi.org">Miguel Camacho-Sanchez, Irene Quintanilla, Melissa T. R. Hawkins, Fred Y. Y. Tuh, Konstans Wells, Jesus E. Maldonado and Jennifer A. Leonard. 2018. "Interglacial refugia on tropical mountains: novel insights from the summit rat (Rattus baluensis), a Borneo mountain endemic". 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E.|last52=Nais|first52=J.|last53=Repin|first53=R.|last54=Lakim|first54=M.|last55=Schilthuizen|first55=M.|year=2015|title=Evolution of endemism on a young tropical mountain|doi=10.1038/nature14949|journal=Nature|volume=524|issue=7565|pages=347–350|pmid=26266979|bibcode=2015Natur.524..347M|url=http://ir.unimas.my/10593/1/NO%2051%20Evolution%20of%20endemism%20on%20a%20young%20tropical%20mountain%20%28abstract%29.pdf}}</ref> == Catatan == {{reflist|group=note}} == Rujuakan == {{reflist|2}} == Bacoan lanjutan == {{refbegin}} * Thomas Fuller (9 April 1999). [https://mobile.nytimes.com/1999/04/09/style/into-the-mists-of-borneos-kinabalu.html Into the Mists of Borneo's Kinabalu]. ''[[The New York Times]]''. * Hugh; Midori Paxton (7 March 2001). [https://www.japantimes.co.jp/life/2001/03/07/travel/climb-rain-forests-to-the-clouds/ Climb rain forests to the clouds]. '' [[The Japan Times]]''. * Jim Solicki (23 June 2001). [https://beta.theglobeandmail.com/life/they-came-they-climbed-mount-kinabalu-conquered/article22499482/ They came, they climbed: Mount Kinabalu conquered]. ''[[The Globe and Mail]]''. * Jocasta Webb (1 September 2001). [https://www.theguardian.com/travel/2001/sep/01/cimbingholidays.malaysia.guardiansaturdaytravelsection The truth about Mount Kinabalu]. ''[[The Guardian]]'' * Flip Byrnes (18 August 2010). [http://i.stuff.co.nz/travel/international/4035889/Least-known-most-exhilarating-hikes Least-known, most exhilarating hikes] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211202114418/http://i.stuff.co.nz/travel/4035889/Least-known-most-exhilarating-hikes |date=2021-12-02 }}. ''[[Stuff.co.nz]]'' * Niall McIlroy (9 July 2011). [https://thewest.com.au/news/oceania/man-versus-mountain-ng-ya-161212 Man versus mountain]. ''[[The West Australian]]''. * Gabby Salazar (2 June 2014). [http://adventureblog.nationalgeographic.com/2014/06/02/sunrise-hiking-on-mount-kinabalu/ Sunrise Hiking on Mount Kinabalu]. ''[[National Geographic (magazine)|National Geographic]]'' * Sasha Gonzales (14 April 2015). [http://m.scmp.com/lifestyle/health/article/1765539/if-hell-were-mountain-it-would-look-mount-kinabalu-hong-kong-hikers 'If hell were a mountain, it would look like Mount Kinabalu': a Hong Kong hiker's Borneo blues]. ''[[South China Morning Post]]'' * Amy Willis (11 June 2015). [http://metro.co.uk/2015/06/11/what-are-the-rules-on-climbing-mount-kinabalu-and-why-is-it-so-sacred-5240535/ What are the rules on climbing Mount Kinabalu and why is it so sacred?]. ''[[Metro (website)|Metro]]''. {{refend}} == Pautan lua == {{commons category|position=right|Mount Kinabalu|Gunuang Kinabalu}} * {{wikivoyage-inline}} * [http://www.sabahparks.org.my/ Sabah Parks website] * [http://bookmarktravel.com/blog/mt-kinabalu-climbers-who-have-hiked-the-mountain/ List of climbers who have hiked Mount Kinabalu] [[Kategori:Sabah]] [[Kategori:Gunuang di Malaysia]] [[Kategori:Bulan Asia Wikipedia 2019]] 66zvu7ikmwvy8iwvnke6v7s7jk7ngl6 Asam asetat 0 336979 3349335 2462847 2026-07-08T04:25:21Z InternetArchiveBot 12718 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3349335 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Chembox |Verifiedfields = changed |Watchedfields = changed |verifiedrevid = 477238786 |ImageFile3 = Acetic acid.jpg |ImageFile3_Ref = {{chemboximage|correct|??}} |ImageSize3 = 244px |ImageName3 = Contoh asam asetat dalam botol pereaksi |ImageFileL1 = Acetic-acid-2D-skeletal.svg |ImageFileL1_Ref = {{chemboximage|correct|??}} |ImageNameL1 = Rumus tulang asam asetat |ImageFileR1 = Acetic-acid-CRC-GED-3D-vdW-B.png |ImageFileR1_Ref = {{chemboximage|correct|??}} |ImageNameR1 = Model bola asam asetat |ImageFileL2 =Acetic-acid-2D-flat.png |ImageFileL2_Ref = {{chemboximage|correct|??}} |ImageNameL2 = Rumus tulang asam asetat dengan pencantuman hidrogen secara eksplisit |ImageFileR2 = Acetic-acid-CRC-GED-3D-balls-B.png |ImageFileR2_Ref = {{chemboximage|correct|??}} |ImageNameR2 = Model bola dan batang asam asetat |IUPACName = Asam asetat<ref>{{cite book|title=A Guide to IUPAC Nomenclature of Organic Compounds (Recommendations 1993)|publisher=Blackwell Scientific publications|author=IUPAC, Commission on Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry|year=1993|chapter=Table 28(a) Carboxylic acids and related groups. Unsubstituted parent structures|url=http://www.acdlabs.eu/iupac/nomenclature/93/r93_705.htm|isbn=0-632-03488-2|language=en|access-date=2021-04-09|archive-date=2012-04-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120425121822/http://www.acdlabs.eu/iupac/nomenclature/93/r93_705.htm|dead-url=yes}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url = http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid=176|title = Acetic Acid - PubChem Public Chemical Database|work = The PubChem Project|location = USA|publisher = National Center for Biotechnology Information|language=en}}</ref> |SystematicName = Asam etanoat<ref name="BB-prs310305">IUPAC Provisional Recommendations 2004 [http://old.iupac.org/reports/provisional/abstract04/BB-prs310305/Chapter1.pdf Chapter P-12.1; hlm. 4]</ref> |OtherNames = Asetil hidroksida (AcOH); Asam cuka; Hidrogen asetat; Asam metanakarboksilat; Asam asetat glasial<ref>{{cite book|title=Scientific literature reviews on generally recognized as safe (GRAS) food ingredients|publisher=National Technical Information Service|year=1974|page=1|language=en}}</ref><ref>"Chemistry", volume 5, Encyclopedia Britannica, 1961, hlm. 374</ref> |Section1={{Chembox Identifiers |Abbreviations = AcOH |CASNo = 64-19-7 |CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}} |PubChem = 176 |ChemSpiderID = 171 |ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}} |UNII = Q40Q9N063P |UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}} |EINECS = 200-580-7 |UNNumber = 2789 |DrugBank_Ref = {{drugbankcite|correct|drugbank}} |DrugBank = DB03166 |KEGG = D00010 |KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|changed|kegg}} |MeSHName = Acetic+acid |ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}} |ChEBI = 15366 |ChEMBL = 539 |ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}} |IUPHAR_ligand = 1058 |ATCCode_prefix = G01 |ATCCode_suffix = AD02 |ATC_Supplemental = {{ATC|S02|AA10}} |Beilstein = 506007 |Gmelin = 1380 |3DMet = B00009 |RTECS = AF1225000 |SMILES = CC(O)=O |StdInChI = 1S/C2H4O2/c1-2(3)4/h1H3,(H,3,4) |StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} |StdInChIKey = QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N |StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} }} |Section4={{Chembox Thermochemistry |DeltaHf = -483,88--483,16 kJ·mol<sup>−1</sup> |DeltaHc = -875,50--874.82 kJ·mol<sup>−1</sup> |Entropy = 158,0 J·K<sup>−1</sup>·mol<sup>−1</sup> |HeatCapacity = 123,1 J·K<sup>−1</sup>·mol<sup>−1</sup> }} |Section5={{Chembox Hazards |GHSPictograms = {{GHS02}} {{GHS05}} |GHSSignalWord = Berbahaya |HPhrases = {{H-phrases|226|314}} |PPhrases = {{P-phrases|280|305+351+338|310}} |EUIndex = 607-002-00-6 |EUClass = {{Hazchem C}} |RPhrases = {{R10}}, {{R35}} |SPhrases = {{S1/2}}, {{S23}}, {{S26}}, {{S45}} |NFPA-F = 2 |NFPA-H = 3 |NFPA-R = 0 |FlashPt = 39&nbsp;°C (''closed cup'')<ref name=ICSC0363>{{cite|publisher=International Programme on Chemical Safety|title=Acetic acid|url=http://www.ilo.org/dyn/icsc/showcard.display?p_lang=en&p_card_id=0363|accessdate=16 Februari 2016|language=en}}</ref> |AutoignitionPt = 485&nbsp;°C<ref name=ICSC0363 /> |LD50 = 3,31 g·kg<sup>−1</sup>, oral (mencit) |LC50 = 5.620 ppm (tikus, 1 jam)<br/>16.000 ppm (tikus, 4 hr)<ref>{{IDLH|64197|Acetic acid}}</ref> |ExploLimits = 4-16% |PEL = TWA 10 ppm (25 mg/m<sup>3</sup>)<ref name=PGCH>{{PGCH|0002}}</ref> |REL = TWA 10 ppm (25 mg/m<sup>3</sup>) ST 15 ppm (37 mg/m<sup>3</sup>)<ref name=PGCH/> |IDLH = 50 ppm<ref name=PGCH/> }} |Section6={{Chembox Related |Function = [[asam karboksilat]] |OtherFunctn = [[Asam format]]<br />[[Asam propionat]] |OtherCpds = [[Asetaldehida]]<br /> [[Asetamida]]<br /> [[Anhidrida asetat]]<br /> [[Asetonitril]]<br /> [[Asetil klorida]]<br /> [[Etanol]]<br /> [[Etil asetat]]<br /> [[Kalium asetat]]<br /> [[Natrium asetat]]<br /> [[Asam tioasetat]] }} }} '''Asam asetat''', '''asam etanoat''' atau '''asam cuka''' adolah salah ciek [[senyawa kimia|senyawa]] [[kimia organik|organik]] nan barado dalam golongan [[asam karboksilat]].<ref>{{Cite book|title=Modul Bahan Ajar Cetak Farmasi|last=|first=Wardiyah|date=2016|publisher=Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia|isbn=|location=Jakarta|pages=20|url-status=live}}</ref> Asam cuka punyo [[rumus empiris]] {{chem2|C|2|H|4|O|2}}. Rumus iko acok ban ditulih dalam bantuka {{chem2|CH|3|–COOH}}, {{chem2|CH|3|COOH}}, atau {{chem2|CH|3|CO|2|H}}. Asam asetat pakek (disabuik ''[[asam asetat glasial]]'') adolah [[cairan]] [[higroskopis]] indak barono, dan punyo titiak baku 16,7[[Celsius|°C]]. Asam asetat adolah komponen utamo cuko (3–9%) salain aia. Asam asetat rasonyo asam jo bunyyo manyengat. Salain diproduksi untuak cuko konsumsi rumah tanggo, asam asetat juo diproduksi sabagai prekursor untuak senyawa lain takah [[polivinil asetat]] jo [[selulosa asetat]]. Meskipun digolongan sabagai [[asam lemah]], asam asetat pakek basipaik korosif jo dapek manyebabkan iritasi pado kulik. Asam asetat marupoan salah ciek [[asam karboksilat]] paliang sederhana, sasudah [[asam format]]. Larutan asam asetat dalam aia marupoan sabuah asam lamah, aratinyo hanyo terdisosiasi sabagian manjadi [[ion]] H<sup>+</sup> jo {{chem2|CH|3|COO}}{{sup|–}}. Asam asetat marupoan [[pereaksi kimia]] jo [[bahan baku]] [[industri]] nan penting. Asam asetat digunoan dalam [[produksi]] [[polimer]] takah [[polietilena tereftalat]], [[selulosa asetat]], jo [[polivinil asetat]], maupun babagai macam [[serat]] jo [[kain]]. Dalam industri makanan, asam asetat, dengan [[Nomor E|kode aditif makanan]] E260, digunoan sabagai pangatur kaasaman. Di rumah tanggo, asam asetat encer juo acok digunoan sabagai palunak air. Sabagai [[aditif makanan]], asam asetat disatujui panggunoannya di banyak negara, tamasuk Kanada<ref>{{cite|title=Food and Drug Regulations (C.R.C., c. 870)|journal=Consolidated Regulations|publisher=Canadian Department of Justice|date=31 Mei 2013|url=http://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/regulations/C.R.C.,_c._870/FullText.html|language=en}}</ref>, Uni Eropa<ref>UK Food Standards Agency: [http://www.food.gov.uk/safereating/chemsafe/additivesbranch/enumberlist "Current EU approved additives and their E Numbers"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120207124535/http://www.food.gov.uk/safereating/chemsafe/additivesbranch/enumberlist |date=2012-02-07 }}</ref>, Amerika Serikat<ref>US Food and Drug Administration: [https://web.archive.org/web/20120117060614/http://www.fda.gov/Food/FoodIngredientsPackaging/FoodAdditives/FoodAdditiveListings/ucm091048.htm "Listing of Food Additives Status Part I"]</ref>, Australia, jo Selandia Baru<ref>Australia New Zealand Food Standards Code: [http://www.comlaw.gov.au/Details/F2011C00827 "Standard 1.2.4 – Labeling of ingredients"]</ref>. Dalam satahun, kabutuhan dunia akan asam asetat mancapai 6,5 juta [[ton]] per tahun. 1,5 juta ton per tahun didapek dari hasil [[daur ulang]], sisonya diparoleh dari industri [[petrokimia]], tarutamo jo bahan baku [[metanol]].<ref name=":2">{{cite|author1=Hosea Cheung|author2=Robin S. Tanke|author3=G. Paul Torrence|year=2005|title=Acetic Acid|encyclopedia=[[Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry]]|location=Weinheim|publisher=Wiley-VCH|doi=10.1002/14356007.a01_045.pub2|language=en}}</ref> Cuko adolah asam asetat encer, acok bana diproduksi malalui [[fermentasi]] jo oksidasi lanjutan [[etanol]]. == Tata namo == Asam asetat marupoan ''namo trivial'' atau ''namo dagang'' dari senyawa iko, dan marupoan namo nan paliang dianjuran dek [[IUPAC]]. Namo iko barasa dari kato {{lang-la|acetum}}, nan aratinyo cuko. Namo sistematis dari senyawa iko adolah ''asam etanoat''.<ref name="BB-prs310305"/> '''Asam asetat glasial''' marupoan namo trivial nan marujuak pado asam asetat nan bebas-aia ([[anhidrat]]). Disabuik baitu dek asam asetat bebas-aia mambantuk [[kristal]] saroman [[es]] pado 16,6&nbsp;°C (61,9&nbsp;°F), pado suhu saketek di bawah [[suhu kamar|suhu ruang]].<ref>{{cite|last1=Armarego|first1=W.L.F.|last2=Chai|first2=Christina|year=2009|title=Purification of Laboratory Chemicals|edition=6|publisher=Butterworth-Heinemann|isbn=1-85617-567-7|language=en}}</ref> == Rujuakan == eqpwk6uz985njqxb7d5632r3hjhxv46 Pangguno:Faridah Meiutia 2 476792 3349331 3186485 2026-07-07T21:36:41Z Faridah Meiutia 22165 3349331 wikitext text/x-wiki Assalamualaikum Sanak! {{Peserta WikiLatih|di=Padang|tgl=12 Oktober 2025}} rwc33vpyf2cjfcdywigx1iosnh3lxeb Distrik Pemagatshel 0 478358 3349332 2026-07-08T01:32:54Z Rang Djambak 14874 ←Mambuek laman baisi "[[File:Pemagatshel in Bhutan.svg|thumb]] Distrik Pemagatshel adolah salah ciek distrik di Bhutan. Hinggo tahun 1970, distrik ko dikenal sabagai Khoi Dung. Wilayahnyo mancakuik area salaweh 1.030 km2 (400 sq mi) jo bagian barat dayanyo tadapek sabagian dari Taman Nasional Royal Manas.<ref name=BTF1>{{cite web |url=http://www.bhutantrustfund.bt/parks-of-bhutan |title=Parks of Bhutan |work=Bhutan Trust Fund for Environmental Conservation online |publisher=Bhutan Trust..." 3349332 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Pemagatshel in Bhutan.svg|thumb]] Distrik Pemagatshel adolah salah ciek distrik di Bhutan. Hinggo tahun 1970, distrik ko dikenal sabagai Khoi Dung. Wilayahnyo mancakuik area salaweh 1.030 km2 (400 sq mi) jo bagian barat dayanyo tadapek sabagian dari Taman Nasional Royal Manas.<ref name=BTF1>{{cite web |url=http://www.bhutantrustfund.bt/parks-of-bhutan |title=Parks of Bhutan |work=Bhutan Trust Fund for Environmental Conservation online |publisher=Bhutan Trust Fund |access-date=2011-03-26 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110702041330/http://www.bhutantrustfund.bt/parks-of-bhutan |archive-date=2011-07-02 }}</ref> Ibu kotanyo barado di kota Pemagatsel. Pado tahun 2017, panduduak distrik Pemagatshel sabanyak 23.632 jiwa,<ref name=phcb>{{cite web|url=http://www.nsb.gov.bt/publication/download.php?id=1352|title=Population and Housing Census of 2017 (National Report)|format=pdf|publisher=National Statistics Bureau|page=102|date=2018-06-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190228180607/http://www.nsb.gov.bt/publication/files/PHCB2017_national.pdf|archive-date=2019-02-28|access-date=2019-05-31}}</ref> maningkek dari tahun 2005 nan sabanyak 13.864 jiwa.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.geohive.com/cntry/bhutan.aspx?levels=Pemagatshel |title=The Kingdom of Bhutan - Pemagatshel |publisher=GeoHive online |access-date=2011-07-14}}</ref> == Rujuakan == {{Reflist}} macep0wc7n8y6gng5o2mpjbacz9qt6x 3349333 3349332 2026-07-08T01:33:37Z Rang Djambak 14874 Mambuek [[Kategori:Distrik di Bhutan]] manggunoan [[Bantuan:HotCat|HotCat]] 3349333 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Pemagatshel in Bhutan.svg|thumb]] Distrik Pemagatshel adolah salah ciek distrik di Bhutan. Hinggo tahun 1970, distrik ko dikenal sabagai Khoi Dung. Wilayahnyo mancakuik area salaweh 1.030 km2 (400 sq mi) jo bagian barat dayanyo tadapek sabagian dari Taman Nasional Royal Manas.<ref name=BTF1>{{cite web |url=http://www.bhutantrustfund.bt/parks-of-bhutan |title=Parks of Bhutan |work=Bhutan Trust Fund for Environmental Conservation online |publisher=Bhutan Trust Fund |access-date=2011-03-26 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110702041330/http://www.bhutantrustfund.bt/parks-of-bhutan |archive-date=2011-07-02 }}</ref> Ibu kotanyo barado di kota Pemagatsel. Pado tahun 2017, panduduak distrik Pemagatshel sabanyak 23.632 jiwa,<ref name=phcb>{{cite web|url=http://www.nsb.gov.bt/publication/download.php?id=1352|title=Population and Housing Census of 2017 (National Report)|format=pdf|publisher=National Statistics Bureau|page=102|date=2018-06-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190228180607/http://www.nsb.gov.bt/publication/files/PHCB2017_national.pdf|archive-date=2019-02-28|access-date=2019-05-31}}</ref> maningkek dari tahun 2005 nan sabanyak 13.864 jiwa.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.geohive.com/cntry/bhutan.aspx?levels=Pemagatshel |title=The Kingdom of Bhutan - Pemagatshel |publisher=GeoHive online |access-date=2011-07-14}}</ref> == Rujuakan == {{Reflist}} [[Kategori:Distrik di Bhutan]] ih81e04fl30nsunkd6oh4fnbozfvooy 3349334 3349333 2026-07-08T01:34:25Z Rang Djambak 14874 /* */ 3349334 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Pemagatshel in Bhutan.svg|thumb]] '''Distrik Pemagatshel''' adolah salah ciek [[Distrik di Bhutan|distrik]] di [[Bhutan]]. Hinggo tahun 1970, distrik ko dikenal sabagai Khoi Dung. Wilayahnyo mancakuik area salaweh 1.030 km2 (400 sq mi) jo bagian barat dayanyo tadapek sabagian dari [[Taman Nasional Royal Manas]].<ref name=BTF1>{{cite web |url=http://www.bhutantrustfund.bt/parks-of-bhutan |title=Parks of Bhutan |work=Bhutan Trust Fund for Environmental Conservation online |publisher=Bhutan Trust Fund |access-date=2011-03-26 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110702041330/http://www.bhutantrustfund.bt/parks-of-bhutan |archive-date=2011-07-02 }}</ref> Ibu kotanyo barado di kota [[Pemagatsel]]. Pado tahun 2017, panduduak distrik Pemagatshel sabanyak 23.632 jiwa,<ref name=phcb>{{cite web|url=http://www.nsb.gov.bt/publication/download.php?id=1352|title=Population and Housing Census of 2017 (National Report)|format=pdf|publisher=National Statistics Bureau|page=102|date=2018-06-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190228180607/http://www.nsb.gov.bt/publication/files/PHCB2017_national.pdf|archive-date=2019-02-28|access-date=2019-05-31}}</ref> maningkek dari tahun 2005 nan sabanyak 13.864 jiwa.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.geohive.com/cntry/bhutan.aspx?levels=Pemagatshel |title=The Kingdom of Bhutan - Pemagatshel |publisher=GeoHive online |access-date=2011-07-14}}</ref> == Rujuakan == {{Reflist}} [[Kategori:Distrik di Bhutan]] 36mw5dgt45smxba8ftzh1byciog82d1 Distrik Punakha 0 478359 3349338 2026-07-08T09:22:44Z Rang Djambak 14874 ←Mambuek laman baisi "[[File:Punakha in Bhutan.svg|thumb]] Distrik Punakha adolah salah ciek distrik di Bhutan. Distrik ko babatehan jo distrik Thimphu, Gasa, dan Wangdue Phodrang. Wilayahnyo mancakuik area salaweh 1.110 km2 (430 sq mi), jo labiah dari saparuahnyo talatak dalam Taman Nasional Jigme Dorji.<ref name=BTF1>{{cite web |url=http://www.bhutantrustfund.bt/parks-of-bhutan |title=Parks of Bhutan |work=Bhutan Trust Fund for Environmental Conservation online |publisher=Bhutan Trust..." 3349338 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Punakha in Bhutan.svg|thumb]] Distrik Punakha adolah salah ciek distrik di Bhutan. Distrik ko babatehan jo distrik Thimphu, Gasa, dan Wangdue Phodrang. Wilayahnyo mancakuik area salaweh 1.110 km2 (430 sq mi), jo labiah dari saparuahnyo talatak dalam Taman Nasional Jigme Dorji.<ref name=BTF1>{{cite web |url=http://www.bhutantrustfund.bt/parks-of-bhutan |title=Parks of Bhutan |work=Bhutan Trust Fund for Environmental Conservation online |publisher=Bhutan Trust Fund |access-date=2011-03-26 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110702041330/http://www.bhutantrustfund.bt/parks-of-bhutan |archive-date=2011-07-02 }}</ref> Distrik Punakha takenal jo Chubu Tshachu dan Kabji-hoka Tsho.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Chubu Tshachu, the Hot Spring of Guru Rinpoche |url=https://bhutanpilgrimage.com/chubu-tshachu-the-hot-spring-of-guru-rinpoche/ |access-date=2025-01-27 |website=bhutanpilgrimage.com |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Kabji-Hoka Tsho, a Lake with an Opening to Stop Overflowing |url=https://bhutanpilgrimage.com/kabji-hoka-tsho-a-lake-with-an-opening-to-stop-overflowing/ |access-date=2025-01-27 |website=bhutanpilgrimage.com |language=en-US}}</ref> Pado tahun 2017, panduduak distrik ko sabanyak 28.740 jiwa.<ref name=phcb>{{cite web|url=http://www.nsb.gov.bt/publication/download.php?id=1352|title=Population and Housing Census of 2017 (National Report)|format=pdf|publisher=National Statistics Bureau|page=102|date=2018-06-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190228180607/http://www.nsb.gov.bt/publication/files/PHCB2017_national.pdf|archive-date=2019-02-28|access-date=2019-05-31}}</ref> == Rujuakan == {{Reflist}} c2yt9xyh2ceweh22eha4rgu02dhbwjb 3349339 3349338 2026-07-08T09:23:30Z Rang Djambak 14874 Mambuek [[Kategori:Distrik di Bhutan]] manggunoan [[Bantuan:HotCat|HotCat]] 3349339 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Punakha in Bhutan.svg|thumb]] Distrik Punakha adolah salah ciek distrik di Bhutan. Distrik ko babatehan jo distrik Thimphu, Gasa, dan Wangdue Phodrang. Wilayahnyo mancakuik area salaweh 1.110 km2 (430 sq mi), jo labiah dari saparuahnyo talatak dalam Taman Nasional Jigme Dorji.<ref name=BTF1>{{cite web |url=http://www.bhutantrustfund.bt/parks-of-bhutan |title=Parks of Bhutan |work=Bhutan Trust Fund for Environmental Conservation online |publisher=Bhutan Trust Fund |access-date=2011-03-26 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110702041330/http://www.bhutantrustfund.bt/parks-of-bhutan |archive-date=2011-07-02 }}</ref> Distrik Punakha takenal jo Chubu Tshachu dan Kabji-hoka Tsho.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Chubu Tshachu, the Hot Spring of Guru Rinpoche |url=https://bhutanpilgrimage.com/chubu-tshachu-the-hot-spring-of-guru-rinpoche/ |access-date=2025-01-27 |website=bhutanpilgrimage.com |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Kabji-Hoka Tsho, a Lake with an Opening to Stop Overflowing |url=https://bhutanpilgrimage.com/kabji-hoka-tsho-a-lake-with-an-opening-to-stop-overflowing/ |access-date=2025-01-27 |website=bhutanpilgrimage.com |language=en-US}}</ref> Pado tahun 2017, panduduak distrik ko sabanyak 28.740 jiwa.<ref name=phcb>{{cite web|url=http://www.nsb.gov.bt/publication/download.php?id=1352|title=Population and Housing Census of 2017 (National Report)|format=pdf|publisher=National Statistics Bureau|page=102|date=2018-06-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190228180607/http://www.nsb.gov.bt/publication/files/PHCB2017_national.pdf|archive-date=2019-02-28|access-date=2019-05-31}}</ref> == Rujuakan == {{Reflist}} [[Kategori:Distrik di Bhutan]] s48doep2sux82fvw7wgnc43dkjuwro5 3349340 3349339 2026-07-08T09:25:20Z Rang Djambak 14874 /* */ 3349340 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Punakha in Bhutan.svg|thumb]] '''Distrik Punakha''' adolah salah ciek [[Distrik di Bhutan|distrik]] di [[Bhutan]]. Distrik ko babatehan jo [[distrik Thimphu]], [[Distrik Gasa|Gasa]], dan [[Distrik Wangdue Phodrang|Wangdue Phodrang]]. Wilayahnyo mancakuik area salaweh 1.110 km2 (430 sq mi), jo labiah dari saparuahnyo talatak dalam Taman Nasional Jigme Dorji.<ref name=BTF1>{{cite web |url=http://www.bhutantrustfund.bt/parks-of-bhutan |title=Parks of Bhutan |work=Bhutan Trust Fund for Environmental Conservation online |publisher=Bhutan Trust Fund |access-date=2011-03-26 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110702041330/http://www.bhutantrustfund.bt/parks-of-bhutan |archive-date=2011-07-02 }}</ref> Distrik Punakha takenal jo Chubu Tshachu dan Kabji-hoka Tsho.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Chubu Tshachu, the Hot Spring of Guru Rinpoche |url=https://bhutanpilgrimage.com/chubu-tshachu-the-hot-spring-of-guru-rinpoche/ |access-date=2025-01-27 |website=bhutanpilgrimage.com |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Kabji-Hoka Tsho, a Lake with an Opening to Stop Overflowing |url=https://bhutanpilgrimage.com/kabji-hoka-tsho-a-lake-with-an-opening-to-stop-overflowing/ |access-date=2025-01-27 |website=bhutanpilgrimage.com |language=en-US}}</ref> Ibu kotanyo barado di [[Punakha]]. Pado tahun 2017, panduduak distrik ko sabanyak 28.740 jiwa.<ref name=phcb>{{cite web|url=http://www.nsb.gov.bt/publication/download.php?id=1352|title=Population and Housing Census of 2017 (National Report)|format=pdf|publisher=National Statistics Bureau|page=102|date=2018-06-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190228180607/http://www.nsb.gov.bt/publication/files/PHCB2017_national.pdf|archive-date=2019-02-28|access-date=2019-05-31}}</ref> == Rujuakan == {{Reflist}} [[Kategori:Distrik di Bhutan]] 23rlzbex20ydk4mes1imez9twetqe53