Wikipedia minwiki https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laman_Utamo MediaWiki 1.48.0-wmf.1 first-letter Media Istimewa Rundiang Pangguno Rundiang Pangguno Wikipedia Rundiang Wikipedia Berkas Rundiang Berkas MediaWiki Rundiang MediaWiki Templat Rundiang Templat Bantuan Rundiang Bantuan Kategori Rundiang Kategori Portal Diskusi Portal TimedText TimedText talk Modul Rundiang Modul Acara Pembicaraan Acara 3 332305 3353455 2029916 2026-11-01T06:11:38Z Manchiu 21709 Manchiu mamindahan laman [[Rundiang Pangguno:MilanBA]] ka [[Rundiang Pangguno:Renamed user c022d15deebd7fc42b3fba6546c6609f]] tanpa mambuek pangaliahan: Secara otomatis memindahkan halaman ketika mengganti nama pengguna "[[Special:CentralAuth/MilanBA|MilanBA]]" menjadi "[[Special:CentralAuth/Renamed user c022d15deebd7fc42b3fba6546c6609f|Renamed user c022d15deebd7fc42b3fba6546c6609f]]" 2029916 wikitext text/x-wiki {| style="vertical-align:top; border:1px solid #abf5d5; background-color:#f1fcf5; padding: .5em .5em .2em .5em " ! style="border-bottom:1px solid #abf5d5; background-color:#d0f5e5; padding:0.2em 0.5em 0.2em 0.5em; font-weight:bold; font-size: 120%" | '''[[Wikipedia:Salamaik datang|Salamaik datang]] Sanak {{PAGENAME}} di [[Wikipedia Minangkabau]]!'''[[Kategori:Wikipediawan nan bagabuang bulan Juni 2020]] |- | style="border-bottom:1px solid #f1fcf5; padding:0.4em 1em 0.3em 1em; text-align: left; font-size:95%;" | {| cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="margin:.5em 0em 1em 0em; width:100%" | style="width:50%; vertical-align:top; border:1px solid #AFA3BF; background-color:#faf5ff;" | <div style="border-bottom:1px solid #AFA3BF; background-color:#ddcef2; padding:0.2em 1em 0.2em 1em; font-weight:bold">[[Berkas:Crystal Clear app kedit.svg|right|48px|link=|Mamulai]] '''Mamulai'''</div> <div style="border-bottom:1px solid #AFA3BF; padding:0.4em 1em 0.3em 1em"> * Pangguno baru dapek mancaliak laman <u>'''[[Wikipedia:Panganta|Panganta Wikipedia]]'''</u> talabiah daulu. * Dunsanak dapek mampakenalkan diri pado Wikipediawan lainnyo di [[Wikipedia:Laman pakanalan|Laman pakenalan]] * Untuak mancubo manyuntiang, gunoan '''[[Wikipedia:Bak kasiak|bak kasiak]]'''.{{#ifexist:Pangguno:{{PAGENAME}}|| * Tulisan juolah saketek profil Sanak di: [{{fullurl:Pangguno:{{PAGENAME}}|action=edit&preload=Templat:Sd/Propil}}&editintro=Templat:Sd/Editintro3 Pangguno:{{PAGENAME}}], laman profil jo ruang paribadi Sanak, bia awak dapek labiah tau jo Sanak.}} * Baco juo''' [[Wikipedia:Aturan nan disadaranokan|aturan nan disederhanakan]]''' sabalun malanjuikan. Iko adolah hal-hal nan mandasa nan paralu dikatahui jo sado panyuntiang Wikipedia. </div> <div style="border-bottom:1px solid #AFA3BF; background-color:#ddcef2; padding:0.2em 1em 0.2em 1em; font-weight:bold">[[File:Crystal Project Contexthelp.png|right|54px|link=|Bantuan]] '''Bantuan'''</div> <div style="padding:0.4em 1em 0.3em 1em"> * [[Bantuan:Isi]] - tampek mancari informasi tantang caro bajariah di Wikipedia, sabalun batanyo pado pangguno lain. * [[Wikipedia:Tanyo jawek|FAQ]] - patanyoan nan acok diajuan tantang Wikipedia. </div> | style="padding:0em 0.5em 0em 0.5em; background-color:#f1fcf5;"| | style="width:50%%; vertical-align:top; border:1px solid #abd5f5; background-color:#f1f5fc;" | <div style="border-bottom:1px solid #abd5f5; background-color:#d0e5f5; padding:0.2em 1em 0.2em 1em; font-weight:bold">[[File:Crystal Project Ktip.png|right|48px|link=|Tips]] '''''Tips'''''</div> <div style="border-bottom:1px solid #abd5f5; padding:0.4em 1em 0.3em 1em"> * [[Bantuan:Tando tangan|Salalu tando tangani]] patanyoan Sanak pado diskusi di [[Wikipedia:Kadai Kopi|Kadai Kopi]] ataupun pado [[Wikipedia:Laman rundiang|laman maota.]] Caronyo, ketikan 4 tando "tilda" <code><nowiki>~~~~</nowiki></code> pado akia pasan Sanak. Iko ka otomatis barubah manjadi namo pangguno Sanak sarato tanggal pasan dibuek. * Jan lupo baco [[Wikipedia:Kabijakan|prinsip jo padoman dasar]] Wikipedia. * Nio mambuek atau manyuntiang laman? Caliak dulu [[Wikipedia:Padoman gaya|padoman gaya]] Wikipedia. Lalu caliak pulo [[Wikipedia:Mamulai laman baru|caro mamulai laman baru]] sarato [[Wikipedia:Manyuntiang sabuah laman|caro manyuntiang laman]]. </div> <div style="border-bottom:1px solid #abd5f5; background-color:#d0e5f5; padding:0.2em 1em 0.2em 1em; font-weight:bold">[[Berkas:Crystal Clear action reload.png|right|44px|link=|Mambuek kasalahan?]] '''Mambuek kasalahan?'''</div> <div style="solid #abd5f5; padding:0.4em 1em 0.3em 1em"> * [[Wikipedia:Jan tababani dek aturan|'''''Jan takuik!''''']] Sanak indak paralu takuik salah gai do, katiko manyuntiang ataupun mambuek laman baru, manambahan ataupun maapuih kalimaik.<p>[[Wikipedia:Panguruih|Panguruih]] sarato [[Wikipedia:Wikipediawan|pangguno]] lainnyo nan mamantau [[Istimewa:Perubahan_terbaru|parubahan tabaru]] akan capek manamuan kasalahan Sanak dan mambaliakannyo ka bantuak samulo.</p> </div> |} : <i>'''Welcome!''' If you are not a Minangkabau speaker, you may want to visit the [[Wikipedia:Kadutaan|Minangkabau Wikipedia embassy]] or [[Wikipedia:Babel/min-0|a slight info to find users speaking your language]]. Enjoy!</i> : '''Salamaik manjalajah''', kami manunggu suntiangan Sanak di [[Wikipedia bahaso Minang]]! : ~ <center>[[Pangguno:Wagino Bot|Wagino Bot]] ([[Rundiang Pangguno:Wagino Bot|maota]]) 10 Juni 2020 02.21 (WIB)</center> 46s30m2i0aa1qpgg7s4acbbx4kdaxdr 2 477394 3353452 3344180 2026-11-01T00:27:44Z Afdhal Sy 20915 3353452 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Userboxtop}} {{Userboxbreak|Tentang Saya}} {{Userboxbreak|Proyek}} {{Peserta Wikilatih Minangkabau|proyek=Wikisumber|di=UKM Bengkel Kata|tgl=29 Mei 2025}} {{Peserta Kompetisi Wikisource Minangkabau 2025}} {{Pengguna 1lib1ref}} {{Paserta WCR 26}} {{Paserta Bulan Asia Wikipedia|2026}} {{Userboxbottom}} {{#babel:min|id}} [[Category:User id]] [[Category:User min]] idkac0pgu5xbzplstqfxtoh3wxukncs 4 478796 3353450 3353432 2026-11-01T00:26:26Z Afdhal Sy 20915 3353450 wikitext text/x-wiki # [[Pangguno:Adhmi|Adhmi]] ([[Rundiang Pangguno:Adhmi|maota]]) 9 Oktober 2026 20.07 (WIB) # [[Pangguno:Naval Scene|Naval Scene]] ([[Rundiang Pangguno:Naval Scene|maota]]) 26 Oktober 2026 10.57 (WIB) # [[Pangguno:Rang Djambak|Rang Djambak]] ([[Rundiang Pangguno:Rang Djambak|maota]]) 30 Oktober 2026 21.22 (WIB) [[Pangguno:Afdhal Sy|Afdhal Sy]] ([[Rundiang Pangguno:Afdhal Sy|maota]]) 1 Nopember 2026 07.26 (WIB) a0fh1dxdyedhyzts5s2e9kfev221zzn 3353451 3353450 2026-11-01T00:26:41Z Afdhal Sy 20915 3353451 wikitext text/x-wiki # [[Pangguno:Adhmi|Adhmi]] ([[Rundiang Pangguno:Adhmi|maota]]) 9 Oktober 2026 20.07 (WIB) # [[Pangguno:Naval Scene|Naval Scene]] ([[Rundiang Pangguno:Naval Scene|maota]]) 26 Oktober 2026 10.57 (WIB) # [[Pangguno:Rang Djambak|Rang Djambak]] ([[Rundiang Pangguno:Rang Djambak|maota]]) 30 Oktober 2026 21.22 (WIB) # [[Pangguno:Afdhal Sy|Afdhal Sy]] ([[Rundiang Pangguno:Afdhal Sy|maota]]) 1 Nopember 2026 07.26 (WIB) h8s5lab867t63708i8exa7vue61pqml 0 478838 3353449 2026-10-31T15:34:50Z Yusuf123abcxyz 12678 ←Mambuek laman baisi "{{Italic title}}{{Short description|Spesies tumbuah dalam famili Begoniaceae}} {{Taxobox | name = ''Begonia halabanensis'' | image = | image_caption = | status = | domain = [[Eukaryota]] | regnum = [[Tumbuah|Plantae]] | divisio = [[Tumbuah babungo|Magnoliophyta]] | classis = [[Dicotyledoneae|Magnoliopsida]] | ordo = [[Cucurbitales]] | familia = [[Begoniaceae]] | genus = ''[[Begonia]]'' | species = '''''B. halabanensis''''' | binomial = ''Begonia halabanensis'' |..." 3353449 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Italic title}}{{Short description|Spesies tumbuah dalam famili Begoniaceae}} {{Taxobox | name = ''Begonia halabanensis'' | image = | image_caption = | status = | domain = [[Eukaryota]] | regnum = [[Tumbuah|Plantae]] | divisio = [[Tumbuah babungo|Magnoliophyta]] | classis = [[Dicotyledoneae|Magnoliopsida]] | ordo = [[Cucurbitales]] | familia = [[Begoniaceae]] | genus = ''[[Begonia]]'' | species = '''''B. halabanensis''''' | binomial = ''Begonia halabanensis'' | binomial_authority = M.Hughes (2015) }} '''''Begonia halabanensis''''' adolah spesies tumbuahan endemik nan tamasuak ka dalam famili [[Begoniaceae]]. Spesies ko partamo kali dideskripsikan dek ahli botani Mark Hughes pado taun 2015 badasarkan spesimen koleksi sajarah, dan barhasil ditamukan baliak di habitat alaminyo di [[Sumatera Barat]], [[Indonesia]], sasudah indak parnah tacatat salamo labiah kurang 76 taun.<ref>{{cite news |title=Begonia halabanensis Ditemukan Kembali di Sumatera Barat Setelah 76 Tahun |url=https://rri.co.id/batam/iptek/2670108/begonia-halabanensis-ditemukan-kembali-di-sumatera-barat-setelah-76-tahun |publisher=RRI |date=26 Oktober 2026 |access-date=26 Oktober 2026}}</ref> == Distribusi jo habitat == Spesies ko marupoan tumbuahan endemik di kawasan rimbo hujan tropis [[Sumatera Barat]]. Namo spesifik ''halabanensis'' marujuk ka wilayah Bukik Halaban di [[Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota]], tampek ditemukannyo spesimen tumbuah tu. == Caliak pulo == * ''[[Begonia hattae]]'' * [[Daftar spesies Begonia]] == Rujukan == {{Reflist}} == Pranala lua == * [https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77151640-1 ''Begonia halabanensis''] di Plants of the World Online (POWO) {{URUTANBAWAAN:Begonia halabanensis}} [[Kategori:Begonia|halaban]] [[Kategori:Flora endemik Sumatra]] [[Kategori:Tumbuah nan dideskripsikan pado taun 2015]] [[Kategori:Flora Indonesia]] ke7odo1gr9t7c52crfdr5pgpn01jeov 0 478839 3353453 2026-11-01T06:10:09Z Rang Djambak 14874 ←Mambuek laman baisi "[[File:BGC skyline, BF Homes drone distant AU (Parañaque City; 01-04-2026).jpg|thumb]] Metropolitan Manila,<ref name="PD824">{{cite PH act|url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/26/17327|title=Creating the Metropolitan Manila and the Metropolitan Manila Commission and for Other Purposes|chamber=PD|number=824|date=November 7, 1975|publisher=[[Supreme Court of the Philippines|Supreme Court E-Library]]|author=[[President of the Philippines]]|arch..." 3353453 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:BGC skyline, BF Homes drone distant AU (Parañaque City; 01-04-2026).jpg|thumb]] Metropolitan Manila,<ref name="PD824">{{cite PH act|url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/26/17327|title=Creating the Metropolitan Manila and the Metropolitan Manila Commission and for Other Purposes|chamber=PD|number=824|date=November 7, 1975|publisher=[[Supreme Court of the Philippines|Supreme Court E-Library]]|author=[[President of the Philippines]]|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230710122045/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/26/17327|archivedate=July 10, 2023|url-status=live|accessdate=July 10, 2023}}</ref> nan umumnyo disingkek Metro Manila dan sacaro rasmi disabuik Wilayah Ibu Kota Nasional,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mapa ng mga Wika (Rehiyon) - National Capital Region |url=https://kwf.gov.ph/mapa-ng-mga-wika-rehiyon/4/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210923031758/https://kwf.gov.ph/mapa-ng-mga-wika-rehiyon/4/ |archive-date=September 23, 2021 |access-date=September 23, 2021 |publisher=[[Commission on the Filipino Language]]}}</ref> adolah wilayah ibu kota sakaliguih kawasan metropolitan tagadang di Filipina. Wilayah ko mancakuik area salaweh 636,00 km² (245,56 mil persegi) jo mampunyoi panduduak sabanyak 14.001.751 jiwa pado tahun 2024, manjadiannyo wilayah jo panduduak tabanyak kadup di nagara tu sasudah Calabarzon. Metro Manila marupokan kawasan metropolitan jo panduduak tagadang katujuah di Asia sarato kawasan pakotaan jo panduduak tagadang kasalapan di dunia. Metro Manila marupokan pusek global di bidang kauangan jo padagangan, budayo, teknologi, hiburan, jo media, akademik, seni jo mode, politik jo pamarintahan, sarato diplomasi internasional. Wilayah ko manyumbang 36% dari produk domestik bruto (PDB) Filipina.<ref name=":1" /> Manila Rayo, yaitu kawasan urban nan saliang tahubuang jo mangaliliangi metropolis ko, marupokan subdivisi nagara tagadang kaampek di ASEAN badasarkan PDB, sasudah Singapur sarato kawasan metropolitan Jakarta jo Bangkok. Pado tahun 1975, sabagai tanggapan tahadap kabutuhan untuak mampatahanan jo manyadioan layanan tapadu bagi panduduak nan taruih batambah, kawasan tabangun nan bapusek di Manila sacaro rasmi diakui sabagai wilayah metropolitan malalui Dekret Presiden No. 824.<ref name="PD824" /> Satahun kamudiam, Dekret Presiden No. 879 manetapan Metro Manila sabagai wilayah administratif, jo tetap mampatahanan statuihnyo sabagai metropolis, sarato manatapannyo sabagai Region IV. Samantaro itu, bagian lain dari wilayah Tagalog Selatan ditetapan sabagai Region IV-A.<ref name="PD879" /> Akhianyo, pado tahun 1978, Metro Manila manjadi Wilayah Ibu Kota Nasional (NCR) Filipina, maapuih panatapan numeriknyo jo mambaliak wilayah Tagalog Selatan ka namo sabalunnyo.<ref name="PD1396" /> == Demografi == Metro Manila mampunyoi panduduak sabanyak 14.001.751 jiwa manuruik sensus nasional tahun 2024.{{PH census|2024}} Wilayah metropolitan ko mampunyoi kabaragaman etnih jo sijarah panjang imigrasi, baiak dari dalam maupun lua nagara. Urang-urang dari kasaluruahan Filipina babondoang-bondoang ka Metro Manila untuak mancari paluang ekonomi nan labiah baiak. Jumlah kawasan pakotaan NCR, nan mancakuik aglomerasi pakotaan jo marujuak pado paluasan wilayah pakotaan Metro Manila nan bakasinambungan hinggo ka provinsi Bulacan, Cavite, Laguna, dan Batangas, dipakiroan mampunyoi panduduak sabanyak 24.100.000 jiwa pado tahun 2015. == Rujuakan == {{Reflist}} 3a92yommlb598vnkfw4b9p042f1nviz 3353454 3353453 2026-11-01T06:11:24Z Rang Djambak 14874 Mambuek [[Kategori:Ibu kota nagara di Asia]] manggunoan [[Bantuan:HotCat|HotCat]] 3353454 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:BGC skyline, BF Homes drone distant AU (Parañaque City; 01-04-2026).jpg|thumb]] Metropolitan Manila,<ref name="PD824">{{cite PH act|url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/26/17327|title=Creating the Metropolitan Manila and the Metropolitan Manila Commission and for Other Purposes|chamber=PD|number=824|date=November 7, 1975|publisher=[[Supreme Court of the Philippines|Supreme Court E-Library]]|author=[[President of the Philippines]]|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230710122045/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/26/17327|archivedate=July 10, 2023|url-status=live|accessdate=July 10, 2023}}</ref> nan umumnyo disingkek Metro Manila dan sacaro rasmi disabuik Wilayah Ibu Kota Nasional,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mapa ng mga Wika (Rehiyon) - National Capital Region |url=https://kwf.gov.ph/mapa-ng-mga-wika-rehiyon/4/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210923031758/https://kwf.gov.ph/mapa-ng-mga-wika-rehiyon/4/ |archive-date=September 23, 2021 |access-date=September 23, 2021 |publisher=[[Commission on the Filipino Language]]}}</ref> adolah wilayah ibu kota sakaliguih kawasan metropolitan tagadang di Filipina. Wilayah ko mancakuik area salaweh 636,00 km² (245,56 mil persegi) jo mampunyoi panduduak sabanyak 14.001.751 jiwa pado tahun 2024, manjadiannyo wilayah jo panduduak tabanyak kadup di nagara tu sasudah Calabarzon. Metro Manila marupokan kawasan metropolitan jo panduduak tagadang katujuah di Asia sarato kawasan pakotaan jo panduduak tagadang kasalapan di dunia. Metro Manila marupokan pusek global di bidang kauangan jo padagangan, budayo, teknologi, hiburan, jo media, akademik, seni jo mode, politik jo pamarintahan, sarato diplomasi internasional. Wilayah ko manyumbang 36% dari produk domestik bruto (PDB) Filipina.<ref name=":1" /> Manila Rayo, yaitu kawasan urban nan saliang tahubuang jo mangaliliangi metropolis ko, marupokan subdivisi nagara tagadang kaampek di ASEAN badasarkan PDB, sasudah Singapur sarato kawasan metropolitan Jakarta jo Bangkok. Pado tahun 1975, sabagai tanggapan tahadap kabutuhan untuak mampatahanan jo manyadioan layanan tapadu bagi panduduak nan taruih batambah, kawasan tabangun nan bapusek di Manila sacaro rasmi diakui sabagai wilayah metropolitan malalui Dekret Presiden No. 824.<ref name="PD824" /> Satahun kamudiam, Dekret Presiden No. 879 manetapan Metro Manila sabagai wilayah administratif, jo tetap mampatahanan statuihnyo sabagai metropolis, sarato manatapannyo sabagai Region IV. Samantaro itu, bagian lain dari wilayah Tagalog Selatan ditetapan sabagai Region IV-A.<ref name="PD879" /> Akhianyo, pado tahun 1978, Metro Manila manjadi Wilayah Ibu Kota Nasional (NCR) Filipina, maapuih panatapan numeriknyo jo mambaliak wilayah Tagalog Selatan ka namo sabalunnyo.<ref name="PD1396" /> == Demografi == Metro Manila mampunyoi panduduak sabanyak 14.001.751 jiwa manuruik sensus nasional tahun 2024.{{PH census|2024}} Wilayah metropolitan ko mampunyoi kabaragaman etnih jo sijarah panjang imigrasi, baiak dari dalam maupun lua nagara. Urang-urang dari kasaluruahan Filipina babondoang-bondoang ka Metro Manila untuak mancari paluang ekonomi nan labiah baiak. Jumlah kawasan pakotaan NCR, nan mancakuik aglomerasi pakotaan jo marujuak pado paluasan wilayah pakotaan Metro Manila nan bakasinambungan hinggo ka provinsi Bulacan, Cavite, Laguna, dan Batangas, dipakiroan mampunyoi panduduak sabanyak 24.100.000 jiwa pado tahun 2015. == Rujuakan == {{Reflist}} [[Kategori:Ibu kota nagara di Asia]] qzfef8ryhu32q2ed64qkpyfxfzpig6e 3353456 3353454 2026-11-01T06:15:20Z Rang Djambak 14874 3353456 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:BGC skyline, BF Homes drone distant AU (Parañaque City; 01-04-2026).jpg|thumb]] '''Metropolitan Manila''',<ref name="PD824">{{cite PH act|url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/26/17327|title=Creating the Metropolitan Manila and the Metropolitan Manila Commission and for Other Purposes|chamber=PD|number=824|date=November 7, 1975|publisher=[[Supreme Court of the Philippines|Supreme Court E-Library]]|author=[[President of the Philippines]]|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230710122045/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/26/17327|archivedate=July 10, 2023|url-status=live|accessdate=July 10, 2023}}</ref> nan umumnyo disingkek '''Metro Manila''' dan sacaro rasmi disabuik '''Wilayah Ibu Kota Nasional''',<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mapa ng mga Wika (Rehiyon) - National Capital Region |url=https://kwf.gov.ph/mapa-ng-mga-wika-rehiyon/4/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210923031758/https://kwf.gov.ph/mapa-ng-mga-wika-rehiyon/4/ |archive-date=September 23, 2021 |access-date=September 23, 2021 |publisher=[[Commission on the Filipino Language]]}}</ref> adolah wilayah ibu kota sakaliguih kawasan metropolitan tagadang di [[Filipina]]. Wilayah ko mancakuik area salaweh 636,00 km² (245,56 mil persegi) jo mampunyoi panduduak sabanyak 14.001.751 jiwa pado tahun 2024, manjadiannyo wilayah jo panduduak tabanyak kadup di nagara tu sasudah [[Calabarzon]]. Metro Manila marupokan kawasan metropolitan jo panduduak tagadang katujuah di [[Asia]] sarato kawasan pakotaan jo panduduak tagadang kasalapan di dunia. Metro Manila marupokan pusek global di bidang kauangan jo padagangan, budayo, teknologi, hiburan, jo media, akademik, seni jo mode, politik jo pamarintahan, sarato diplomasi internasional. Wilayah ko manyumbang 36% dari [[produk domestik bruto]] (PDB) Filipina.<ref name=":1" /> Manila Rayo, yaitu kawasan urban nan saliang tahubuang jo mangaliliangi metropolis ko, marupokan subdivisi nagara tagadang kaampek di [[Pasatuan Banso-banso Asia Tenggara|ASEAN]] badasarkan PDB, sasudah Singapur sarato kawasan metropolitan [[Jakarta]] jo [[Bangkok]]. Pado tahun 1975, sabagai tanggapan tahadap kabutuhan untuak mampatahanan jo manyadioan layanan tapadu bagi panduduak nan taruih batambah, kawasan tabangun nan bapusek di [[Manila]] sacaro rasmi diakui sabagai wilayah metropolitan malalui Dekret Presiden No. 824.<ref name="PD824" /> Satahun kamudiam, Dekret Presiden No. 879 manetapan Metro Manila sabagai wilayah administratif, jo tetap mampatahanan statuihnyo sabagai metropolis, sarato manatapannyo sabagai Region IV. Samantaro itu, bagian lain dari wilayah Tagalog Selatan ditetapan sabagai Region IV-A.<ref name="PD879" /> Akhianyo, pado tahun 1978, Metro Manila manjadi Wilayah Ibu Kota Nasional (NCR) Filipina, maapuih panatapan numeriknyo jo mambaliakan wilayah [[Tagalog Selatan]] ka namo sabalunnyo.<ref name="PD1396" /> == Demografi == Metro Manila mampunyoi panduduak sabanyak 14.001.751 jiwa manuruik sensus nasional tahun 2024.{{PH census|2024}} Wilayah metropolitan ko mampunyoi kabaragaman etnih jo sijarah panjang imigrasi, baiak dari dalam maupun lua nagara. Urang-urang dari kasaluruahan Filipina babondoang-bondoang ka Metro Manila untuak mancari paluang ekonomi nan labiah baiak. Jumlah kawasan pakotaan NCR, nan mancakuik aglomerasi pakotaan jo marujuak pado paluasan wilayah pakotaan Metro Manila nan bakasinambungan hinggo ka provinsi [[Bulacan]], [[Cavite]], [[Laguna (provinsi)|Laguna]], dan [[Batangas]], dipakiroan mampunyoi panduduak sabanyak 24.100.000 jiwa pado tahun 2015. == Rujuakan == {{Reflist}} [[Kategori:Ibu kota nagara di Asia]] iq1i1sivqslgzx4fti7ricp3kxmncl7 3353457 3353456 2026-11-01T06:16:04Z Rang Djambak 14874 3353457 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:BGC skyline, BF Homes drone distant AU (Parañaque City; 01-04-2026).jpg|thumb]] '''Metropolitan Manila''',<ref name="PD824">{{cite PH act|url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/26/17327|title=Creating the Metropolitan Manila and the Metropolitan Manila Commission and for Other Purposes|chamber=PD|number=824|date=November 7, 1975|publisher=[[Supreme Court of the Philippines|Supreme Court E-Library]]|author=[[President of the Philippines]]|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230710122045/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/26/17327|archivedate=July 10, 2023|url-status=live|accessdate=July 10, 2023}}</ref> nan umumnyo disingkek '''Metro Manila''' dan sacaro rasmi disabuik '''Wilayah Ibu Kota Nasional''',<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mapa ng mga Wika (Rehiyon) - National Capital Region |url=https://kwf.gov.ph/mapa-ng-mga-wika-rehiyon/4/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210923031758/https://kwf.gov.ph/mapa-ng-mga-wika-rehiyon/4/ |archive-date=September 23, 2021 |access-date=September 23, 2021 |publisher=[[Commission on the Filipino Language]]}}</ref> adolah wilayah ibu kota sakaliguih kawasan metropolitan tagadang di [[Filipina]]. Wilayah ko mancakuik area salaweh 636,00 km² (245,56 mil persegi) jo mampunyoi panduduak sabanyak 14.001.751 jiwa pado tahun 2024, manjadiannyo wilayah jo panduduak tabanyak kadup di nagara tu sasudah [[Calabarzon]]. Metro Manila marupokan kawasan metropolitan jo panduduak tagadang katujuah di [[Asia]] sarato kawasan pakotaan jo panduduak tagadang kasalapan di dunia. Metro Manila marupokan pusek global di bidang kauangan jo padagangan, budayo, teknologi, hiburan, jo media, akademik, seni jo mode, politik jo pamarintahan, sarato diplomasi internasional. Wilayah ko manyumbang 36% dari [[produk domestik bruto]] (PDB) Filipina.<ref name=":1" /> Manila Rayo, yaitu kawasan urban nan saliang tahubuang jo mangaliliangi metropolis ko, marupokan subdivisi nagara tagadang kaampek di [[Pasatuan Banso-banso Asia Tenggara|ASEAN]] badasarkan PDB, sasudah Singapur sarato kawasan metropolitan [[Jakarta]] jo [[Bangkok]]. Pado tahun 1975, sabagai tanggapan tahadap kabutuhan untuak mampatahanan jo manyadioan layanan tapadu bagi panduduak nan taruih batambah, kawasan tabangun nan bapusek di [[Manila]] sacaro rasmi diakui sabagai wilayah metropolitan malalui Dekret Presiden No. 824.<ref name="PD824" /> Satahun kamudiam, Dekret Presiden No. 879 manetapan Metro Manila sabagai wilayah administratif, jo tetap mampatahanan statuihnyo sabagai metropolis, sarato manatapannyo sabagai Region IV. Samantaro itu, bagian lain dari wilayah Tagalog Selatan ditetapan sabagai Region IV-A.<ref name="PD879" /> Akhianyo, pado tahun 1978, Metro Manila manjadi Wilayah Ibu Kota Nasional (NCR) Filipina, maapuih panatapan numeriknyo jo mambaliakan wilayah [[Tagalog Selatan]] ka namo sabalunnyo.<ref name="PD1396" /> == Demografi == Metro Manila mampunyoi panduduak sabanyak 14.001.751 jiwa manuruik sensus nasional tahun 2024.{{PH census|2024}} Wilayah metropolitan ko mampunyoi kabaragaman etnih jo sijarah panjang imigrasi, baiak dari dalam maupun lua nagara. Urang-urang dari kasaluruahan Filipina babondoang-bondoang ka Metro Manila untuak mancari paluang ekonomi nan labiah baiak. Jumlah kawasan pakotaan NCR, nan mancakuik aglomerasi pakotaan jo marujuak pado paluasan wilayah pakotaan Metro Manila nan bakasinambungan hinggo ka provinsi [[Bulacan]], [[Cavite]], [[Laguna (provinsi)|Laguna]], dan [[Batangas]], dipakiroan mampunyoi panduduak sabanyak 24.100.000 jiwa pado tahun 2015.<ref name="citypop-Aggs">{{Cite web |title=The Principal Agglomerations of the World |url=http://citypopulation.de/world/Agglomerations.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180913144137/http://citypopulation.de/world/Agglomerations.html |archive-date=September 13, 2018 |access-date=December 8, 2017 |website=citypopulation.de}}</ref> == Rujuakan == {{Reflist}} [[Kategori:Ibu kota nagara di Asia]] pi1srhjfr6yeluqs9m3pwfu4l3m715w 3353458 3353457 2026-11-01T06:16:47Z Rang Djambak 14874 /* */ 3353458 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:BGC skyline, BF Homes drone distant AU (Parañaque City; 01-04-2026).jpg|thumb]] '''Metropolitan Manila''',<ref name="PD824">{{cite PH act|url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/26/17327|title=Creating the Metropolitan Manila and the Metropolitan Manila Commission and for Other Purposes|chamber=PD|number=824|date=November 7, 1975|publisher=[[Supreme Court of the Philippines|Supreme Court E-Library]]|author=[[President of the Philippines]]|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230710122045/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/26/17327|archivedate=July 10, 2023|url-status=live|accessdate=July 10, 2023}}</ref> nan umumnyo disingkek '''Metro Manila''' dan sacaro rasmi disabuik '''Wilayah Ibu Kota Nasional''',<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mapa ng mga Wika (Rehiyon) - National Capital Region |url=https://kwf.gov.ph/mapa-ng-mga-wika-rehiyon/4/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210923031758/https://kwf.gov.ph/mapa-ng-mga-wika-rehiyon/4/ |archive-date=September 23, 2021 |access-date=September 23, 2021 |publisher=[[Commission on the Filipino Language]]}}</ref> adolah wilayah ibu kota sakaliguih kawasan metropolitan tagadang di [[Filipina]]. Wilayah ko mancakuik area salaweh 636,00 km² (245,56 mil persegi) jo mampunyoi panduduak sabanyak 14.001.751 jiwa pado tahun 2024, manjadiannyo wilayah jo panduduak tabanyak kadup di nagara tu sasudah [[Calabarzon]]. Metro Manila marupokan kawasan metropolitan jo panduduak tagadang katujuah di [[Asia]] sarato kawasan pakotaan jo panduduak tagadang kasalapan di dunia. Metro Manila marupokan pusek global di bidang kauangan jo padagangan, budayo, teknologi, hiburan, jo media, akademik, seni jo mode, politik jo pamarintahan, sarato diplomasi internasional. Wilayah ko manyumbang 36% dari [[produk domestik bruto]] (PDB) Filipina.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=April 23, 2025 |title=NCR economic output jumped by 5.6% in 2024 — PSA |url=https://www.bworldonline.com/top-stories/2025/04/23/667448/ncr-economic-output-jumped-by-5-6-in-2024-psa/ |access-date=July 21, 2025 |website=BusinessWorld }}</ref> Manila Rayo, yaitu kawasan urban nan saliang tahubuang jo mangaliliangi metropolis ko, marupokan subdivisi nagara tagadang kaampek di [[Pasatuan Banso-banso Asia Tenggara|ASEAN]] badasarkan PDB, sasudah Singapur sarato kawasan metropolitan [[Jakarta]] jo [[Bangkok]]. Pado tahun 1975, sabagai tanggapan tahadap kabutuhan untuak mampatahanan jo manyadioan layanan tapadu bagi panduduak nan taruih batambah, kawasan tabangun nan bapusek di [[Manila]] sacaro rasmi diakui sabagai wilayah metropolitan malalui Dekret Presiden No. 824.<ref name="PD824" /> Satahun kamudiam, Dekret Presiden No. 879 manetapan Metro Manila sabagai wilayah administratif, jo tetap mampatahanan statuihnyo sabagai metropolis, sarato manatapannyo sabagai Region IV. Samantaro itu, bagian lain dari wilayah Tagalog Selatan ditetapan sabagai Region IV-A.<ref name="PD879" /> Akhianyo, pado tahun 1978, Metro Manila manjadi Wilayah Ibu Kota Nasional (NCR) Filipina, maapuih panatapan numeriknyo jo mambaliakan wilayah [[Tagalog Selatan]] ka namo sabalunnyo.<ref name="PD1396" /> == Demografi == Metro Manila mampunyoi panduduak sabanyak 14.001.751 jiwa manuruik sensus nasional tahun 2024.{{PH census|2024}} Wilayah metropolitan ko mampunyoi kabaragaman etnih jo sijarah panjang imigrasi, baiak dari dalam maupun lua nagara. Urang-urang dari kasaluruahan Filipina babondoang-bondoang ka Metro Manila untuak mancari paluang ekonomi nan labiah baiak. Jumlah kawasan pakotaan NCR, nan mancakuik aglomerasi pakotaan jo marujuak pado paluasan wilayah pakotaan Metro Manila nan bakasinambungan hinggo ka provinsi [[Bulacan]], [[Cavite]], [[Laguna (provinsi)|Laguna]], dan [[Batangas]], dipakiroan mampunyoi panduduak sabanyak 24.100.000 jiwa pado tahun 2015.<ref name="citypop-Aggs">{{Cite web |title=The Principal Agglomerations of the World |url=http://citypopulation.de/world/Agglomerations.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180913144137/http://citypopulation.de/world/Agglomerations.html |archive-date=September 13, 2018 |access-date=December 8, 2017 |website=citypopulation.de}}</ref> == Rujuakan == {{Reflist}} [[Kategori:Ibu kota nagara di Asia]] 6wl1qa1sq09p5c5fbuwea94vnduic93 3353459 3353458 2026-11-01T06:17:28Z Rang Djambak 14874 /* */ 3353459 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:BGC skyline, BF Homes drone distant AU (Parañaque City; 01-04-2026).jpg|thumb]] '''Metropolitan Manila''',<ref name="PD824">{{cite PH act|url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/26/17327|title=Creating the Metropolitan Manila and the Metropolitan Manila Commission and for Other Purposes|chamber=PD|number=824|date=November 7, 1975|publisher=[[Supreme Court of the Philippines|Supreme Court E-Library]]|author=[[President of the Philippines]]|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230710122045/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/26/17327|archivedate=July 10, 2023|url-status=live|accessdate=July 10, 2023}}</ref> nan umumnyo disingkek '''Metro Manila''' dan sacaro rasmi disabuik '''Wilayah Ibu Kota Nasional''',<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mapa ng mga Wika (Rehiyon) - National Capital Region |url=https://kwf.gov.ph/mapa-ng-mga-wika-rehiyon/4/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210923031758/https://kwf.gov.ph/mapa-ng-mga-wika-rehiyon/4/ |archive-date=September 23, 2021 |access-date=September 23, 2021 |publisher=[[Commission on the Filipino Language]]}}</ref> adolah wilayah ibu kota sakaliguih kawasan metropolitan tagadang di [[Filipina]]. Wilayah ko mancakuik area salaweh 636,00 km² (245,56 mil persegi) jo mampunyoi panduduak sabanyak 14.001.751 jiwa pado tahun 2024, manjadiannyo wilayah jo panduduak tabanyak kadup di nagara tu sasudah [[Calabarzon]]. Metro Manila marupokan kawasan metropolitan jo panduduak tagadang katujuah di [[Asia]] sarato kawasan pakotaan jo panduduak tagadang kasalapan di dunia. Metro Manila marupokan pusek global di bidang kauangan jo padagangan, budayo, teknologi, hiburan, jo media, akademik, seni jo mode, politik jo pamarintahan, sarato diplomasi internasional. Wilayah ko manyumbang 36% dari [[produk domestik bruto]] (PDB) Filipina.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=April 23, 2025 |title=NCR economic output jumped by 5.6% in 2024 — PSA |url=https://www.bworldonline.com/top-stories/2025/04/23/667448/ncr-economic-output-jumped-by-5-6-in-2024-psa/ |access-date=July 21, 2025 |website=BusinessWorld }}</ref> Manila Rayo, yaitu kawasan urban nan saliang tahubuang jo mangaliliangi metropolis ko, marupokan subdivisi nagara tagadang kaampek di [[Pasatuan Banso-banso Asia Tenggara|ASEAN]] badasarkan PDB, sasudah Singapur sarato kawasan metropolitan [[Jakarta]] jo [[Bangkok]]. Pado tahun 1975, sabagai tanggapan tahadap kabutuhan untuak mampatahanan jo manyadioan layanan tapadu bagi panduduak nan taruih batambah, kawasan tabangun nan bapusek di [[Manila]] sacaro rasmi diakui sabagai wilayah metropolitan malalui Dekret Presiden No. 824.<ref name="PD824" /> Satahun kamudiam, Dekret Presiden No. 879 manetapan Metro Manila sabagai wilayah administratif, jo tetap mampatahanan statuihnyo sabagai metropolis, sarato manatapannyo sabagai Region IV. Samantaro itu, bagian lain dari wilayah Tagalog Selatan ditetapan sabagai Region IV-A.<ref name="PD879">{{cite PH act|url=https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/1976/01/23/presidential-decree-no-879-s-1976|title=Dividing Region No. 4 of the Administrative Field Organization of the Various Departments and Agencies of the Government Into Region No. 4 and 4-A|chamber=PD|number=879|date=January 23, 1976|publisher=[[Official Gazette (Philippines)|The Official Gazette]]|accessdate=May 16, 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230516114650/https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/1976/01/23/presidential-decree-no-879-s-1976|archivedate=May 16, 2023|url-status=live}}</ref> Akhianyo, pado tahun 1978, Metro Manila manjadi Wilayah Ibu Kota Nasional (NCR) Filipina, maapuih panatapan numeriknyo jo mambaliakan wilayah [[Tagalog Selatan]] ka namo sabalunnyo.<ref name="PD1396" /> == Demografi == Metro Manila mampunyoi panduduak sabanyak 14.001.751 jiwa manuruik sensus nasional tahun 2024.{{PH census|2024}} Wilayah metropolitan ko mampunyoi kabaragaman etnih jo sijarah panjang imigrasi, baiak dari dalam maupun lua nagara. Urang-urang dari kasaluruahan Filipina babondoang-bondoang ka Metro Manila untuak mancari paluang ekonomi nan labiah baiak. Jumlah kawasan pakotaan NCR, nan mancakuik aglomerasi pakotaan jo marujuak pado paluasan wilayah pakotaan Metro Manila nan bakasinambungan hinggo ka provinsi [[Bulacan]], [[Cavite]], [[Laguna (provinsi)|Laguna]], dan [[Batangas]], dipakiroan mampunyoi panduduak sabanyak 24.100.000 jiwa pado tahun 2015.<ref name="citypop-Aggs">{{Cite web |title=The Principal Agglomerations of the World |url=http://citypopulation.de/world/Agglomerations.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180913144137/http://citypopulation.de/world/Agglomerations.html |archive-date=September 13, 2018 |access-date=December 8, 2017 |website=citypopulation.de}}</ref> == Rujuakan == {{Reflist}} [[Kategori:Ibu kota nagara di Asia]] fosiifv7u82dqbx081biehpidrehm13 3353460 3353459 2026-11-01T06:17:58Z Rang Djambak 14874 /* */ 3353460 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:BGC skyline, BF Homes drone distant AU (Parañaque City; 01-04-2026).jpg|thumb]] '''Metropolitan Manila''',<ref name="PD824">{{cite PH act|url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/26/17327|title=Creating the Metropolitan Manila and the Metropolitan Manila Commission and for Other Purposes|chamber=PD|number=824|date=November 7, 1975|publisher=[[Supreme Court of the Philippines|Supreme Court E-Library]]|author=[[President of the Philippines]]|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230710122045/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/26/17327|archivedate=July 10, 2023|url-status=live|accessdate=July 10, 2023}}</ref> nan umumnyo disingkek '''Metro Manila''' dan sacaro rasmi disabuik '''Wilayah Ibu Kota Nasional''',<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mapa ng mga Wika (Rehiyon) - National Capital Region |url=https://kwf.gov.ph/mapa-ng-mga-wika-rehiyon/4/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210923031758/https://kwf.gov.ph/mapa-ng-mga-wika-rehiyon/4/ |archive-date=September 23, 2021 |access-date=September 23, 2021 |publisher=[[Commission on the Filipino Language]]}}</ref> adolah wilayah ibu kota sakaliguih kawasan metropolitan tagadang di [[Filipina]]. Wilayah ko mancakuik area salaweh 636,00 km² (245,56 mil persegi) jo mampunyoi panduduak sabanyak 14.001.751 jiwa pado tahun 2024, manjadiannyo wilayah jo panduduak tabanyak kadup di nagara tu sasudah [[Calabarzon]]. Metro Manila marupokan kawasan metropolitan jo panduduak tagadang katujuah di [[Asia]] sarato kawasan pakotaan jo panduduak tagadang kasalapan di dunia. Metro Manila marupokan pusek global di bidang kauangan jo padagangan, budayo, teknologi, hiburan, jo media, akademik, seni jo mode, politik jo pamarintahan, sarato diplomasi internasional. Wilayah ko manyumbang 36% dari [[produk domestik bruto]] (PDB) Filipina.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=April 23, 2025 |title=NCR economic output jumped by 5.6% in 2024 — PSA |url=https://www.bworldonline.com/top-stories/2025/04/23/667448/ncr-economic-output-jumped-by-5-6-in-2024-psa/ |access-date=July 21, 2025 |website=BusinessWorld }}</ref> Manila Rayo, yaitu kawasan urban nan saliang tahubuang jo mangaliliangi metropolis ko, marupokan subdivisi nagara tagadang kaampek di [[Pasatuan Banso-banso Asia Tenggara|ASEAN]] badasarkan PDB, sasudah Singapur sarato kawasan metropolitan [[Jakarta]] jo [[Bangkok]]. Pado tahun 1975, sabagai tanggapan tahadap kabutuhan untuak mampatahanan jo manyadioan layanan tapadu bagi panduduak nan taruih batambah, kawasan tabangun nan bapusek di [[Manila]] sacaro rasmi diakui sabagai wilayah metropolitan malalui Dekret Presiden No. 824.<ref name="PD824" /> Satahun kamudiam, Dekret Presiden No. 879 manetapan Metro Manila sabagai wilayah administratif, jo tetap mampatahanan statuihnyo sabagai metropolis, sarato manatapannyo sabagai Region IV. Samantaro itu, bagian lain dari wilayah Tagalog Selatan ditetapan sabagai Region IV-A.<ref name="PD879">{{cite PH act|url=https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/1976/01/23/presidential-decree-no-879-s-1976|title=Dividing Region No. 4 of the Administrative Field Organization of the Various Departments and Agencies of the Government Into Region No. 4 and 4-A|chamber=PD|number=879|date=January 23, 1976|publisher=[[Official Gazette (Philippines)|The Official Gazette]]|accessdate=May 16, 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230516114650/https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/1976/01/23/presidential-decree-no-879-s-1976|archivedate=May 16, 2023|url-status=live}}</ref> Akhianyo, pado tahun 1978, Metro Manila manjadi Wilayah Ibu Kota Nasional (NCR) Filipina, maapuih panatapan numeriknyo jo mambaliakan wilayah [[Tagalog Selatan]] ka namo sabalunnyo.<ref name="PD1396">{{cite PH act|url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/26/16961|title=Creating the Department of Human Settlements and the Human Settlements Development Corporation, Appropriating Funds Therefor, and Accordingly Amending Certain Presidential Decrees|chamber=PD|number=1396|date=1978-06-02|publisher=[[Supreme Court of the Philippines|Supreme Court E-Library]]|accessdate=2023-07-10|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230710122046/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/26/16961|archivedate=2023-07-10|url-status=live}}</ref> == Demografi == Metro Manila mampunyoi panduduak sabanyak 14.001.751 jiwa manuruik sensus nasional tahun 2024.{{PH census|2024}} Wilayah metropolitan ko mampunyoi kabaragaman etnih jo sijarah panjang imigrasi, baiak dari dalam maupun lua nagara. Urang-urang dari kasaluruahan Filipina babondoang-bondoang ka Metro Manila untuak mancari paluang ekonomi nan labiah baiak. Jumlah kawasan pakotaan NCR, nan mancakuik aglomerasi pakotaan jo marujuak pado paluasan wilayah pakotaan Metro Manila nan bakasinambungan hinggo ka provinsi [[Bulacan]], [[Cavite]], [[Laguna (provinsi)|Laguna]], dan [[Batangas]], dipakiroan mampunyoi panduduak sabanyak 24.100.000 jiwa pado tahun 2015.<ref name="citypop-Aggs">{{Cite web |title=The Principal Agglomerations of the World |url=http://citypopulation.de/world/Agglomerations.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180913144137/http://citypopulation.de/world/Agglomerations.html |archive-date=September 13, 2018 |access-date=December 8, 2017 |website=citypopulation.de}}</ref> == Rujuakan == {{Reflist}} [[Kategori:Ibu kota nagara di Asia]] g95csh1h4teku4c1kgd4flgzwlqkbbc 10 478840 3353461 2026-11-01T06:18:39Z Rang Djambak 14874 ←Mambuek laman baisi "<includeonly>{{#invoke:Template wrapper|wrap |_template = citation |_exclude = author, chamber, number, folio, date, year, article, chapter, prefix | author = (({{#switch:{{{chamber|}}} | Act = Act | CA = Commonwealth Act | BP = Batas Pambansa | PD = Presidential Decree | PP = Presidential Proclamation | LOI = Letter of Instruction | EO = Executive Order | RA = Republic Act | CR = Committee Report | HB = House Bill | HCR = House Concurrent Resolution..." 3353461 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{#invoke:Template wrapper|wrap |_template = citation |_exclude = author, chamber, number, folio, date, year, article, chapter, prefix | author = (({{#switch:{{{chamber|}}} | Act = Act | CA = Commonwealth Act | BP = Batas Pambansa | PD = Presidential Decree | PP = Presidential Proclamation | LOI = Letter of Instruction | EO = Executive Order | RA = Republic Act | CR = Committee Report | HB = House Bill | HCR = House Concurrent Resolution | HJR = House Joint Resolution | HR = House Resolution | SB = Senate Bill | SCR = Senate Concurrent Resolution | SJR = Senate Joint Resolution | SR = Senate Resolution | GR = G.R. | AO = {{#if: {{{prefix|}}} | {{{prefix}}} }} Administrative Order | JAO = {{#if: {{{prefix|}}} | {{{prefix}}} }} Joint Administrative Order | BR = {{#if: {{{prefix|}}} | {{{prefix}}} }} Board Resolution | ME = {{#if: {{{prefix|}}} | {{{prefix}}} }} Memorandum | MC = {{#if: {{{prefix|}}} | {{{prefix}}} }} Memorandum Circular | JMC = {{#if: {{{prefix|}}} | {{{prefix}}} }} Joint Memorandum Circular | MO = {{#if: {{{prefix|}}} | {{{prefix}}} }} Memorandum Order | DO = {{#if: {{{prefix|}}} | {{{prefix}}} }} Department Order | DAO = {{#if: {{{prefix|}}} | {{{prefix}}} }} Department Administrative Order | ORD = {{#if: {{{prefix|}}} | {{{prefix}}} }} Ordinance | RES = {{#if: {{{prefix|}}} | {{{prefix}}} }} Resolution | REG = {{#if: {{{prefix|}}} | {{{prefix}}} }} Regulation | Republic Act }}{{#if: {{{number|}}} | &nbsp; |}}{{#if: {{{number|}}} | {{#ifeq: {{{chamber|}}}|BP|Blg. {{{number}}}|No. {{{number}}}}} | {{#if: {{{date|}}} | | {{error|Error: the {{code|number}} or {{code|date}} parameter must be specified for the {{tl2|cite PH act}} template}} }} }})) | type = {{{folio|}}} | date = {{#if: {{{date|}}} | {{{date}}} | {{#if: {{{year|}}} | {{{year}}} | {{error|Error: the {{code|date}} parameter cannot be empty for the {{tl2|cite PH act}} template}} }}}} | chapter = {{#if:{{{article|}}}|Article {{{article}}}}} }}</includeonly><noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> r2y06wjlqo9kd0kfsd03timkel3bjfa 10 478841 3353462 2026-11-01T06:20:18Z Rang Djambak 14874 ←Mambuek laman baisi "<includeonly>{{safesubst:#switch:{{safesubst:#ifeq:{{{1|}}}|current |{{safesubst:#invoke:WikidataIB |getValue |P1082|{{{2|}}}|fwd=ALL|rank=b|osd=no|noicon=true|qo=true|qdf=y}} |{{{1|}}}}} | 1903 | 1918 | 1939 | 1948 | 1960 | 1970 | 1975 | 1980 | 1990 | 1995 | 2000 | 2007 = {{safesubst:#tag:ref|{{cite encyclopedia | publisher = [[Philippine Statistics Authority#National Statistics Office|National Statistics Office]] | last1 = ((Censuses of Population (..." 3353462 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{safesubst:#switch:{{safesubst:#ifeq:{{{1|}}}|current |{{safesubst:#invoke:WikidataIB |getValue |P1082|{{{2|}}}|fwd=ALL|rank=b|osd=no|noicon=true|qo=true|qdf=y}} |{{{1|}}}}} | 1903 | 1918 | 1939 | 1948 | 1960 | 1970 | 1975 | 1980 | 1990 | 1995 | 2000 | 2007 = {{safesubst:#tag:ref|{{cite encyclopedia | publisher = [[Philippine Statistics Authority#National Statistics Office|National Statistics Office]] | last1 = ((Censuses of Population (1903–2007))) | url = https://archive.org/download/PhilippinesCensusofPopulationLGUs19032007 | chapter = {{safesubst:#switch: {{safesubst:#if:{{{2|}}}|{{{2}}}|{{safesubst:#invoke:String|sub|{{safesubst:#property:P988}}|1|2}} }} | 01 = Region I (Ilocos Region) | 02 = Region II (Cagayan Valley) | 03 = Region III (Central Luzon) | 04 = Region IV-A (Calabarzon) | 05 = Region V (Bicol Region) | 06 = Region VI (Western Visayas) | 07 = Region VII (Central Visayas) | 08 = Region VIII (Eastern Visayas) | 09 = Region IX (Zamboanga Peninsula) | 10 = Region X (Northern Mindanao) | 11 = Region XI (Davao Region) | 12 = Region XII (Soccsksargen) | 13 = National Capital Region (NCR) | 14 = Cordillera Administrative Region (CAR) | 15 = ARMM – Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao | 16 = Caraga | 17 = Region IV-B (Mimaropa) }} | chapter-url = {{safesubst:#switch: {{safesubst:#if:{{{2|}}}|{{{2}}}|{{safesubst:#invoke:String|sub|{{safesubst:#property:P988}}|1|2}} }} | 01 = https://archive.org/download/PhilippinesCensusofPopulationLGUs19032007/Region%201%20Ilocos%20Philippines%20Census%20of%20Population%201903%20-%202007.xls | 02 = https://archive.org/download/PhilippinesCensusofPopulationLGUs19032007/Region%202%20Cagayan%20Valley%20Philippines%20Census%20of%20Population%201903%20-%202007.xls | 03 = https://archive.org/download/PhilippinesCensusofPopulationLGUs19032007/Region%203%20Central%20Luzon%20Philippines%20Census%20of%20Population%201903%20-%202007.xls | 04 = https://archive.org/download/PhilippinesCensusofPopulationLGUs19032007/Region%204A%20Calabarzon%20Philippines%20Census%20of%20Population%201903%20-%202007.xls | 05 = https://archive.org/download/PhilippinesCensusofPopulationLGUs19032007/Region%205%20Bicol%20Region%20Philippines%20Census%20of%20Population%201903%20-%202007.xls | 06 = https://archive.org/download/PhilippinesCensusofPopulationLGUs19032007/Region%206%20Western%20Visayas%20Philippines%20Census%20of%20Population%201903%20-%202007.xls | 07 = https://archive.org/download/PhilippinesCensusofPopulationLGUs19032007/Region%207%20Central%20Visayas%20Philippines%20Census%20of%20Population%201903%20-%202007.xlsx | 08 = https://archive.org/download/PhilippinesCensusofPopulationLGUs19032007/Region%208%20Eastern%20Visayas%20Philippines%20Census%20of%20Population%201903%20-%202007.xls | 09 = https://archive.org/download/PhilippinesCensusofPopulationLGUs19032007/Region%209%20Zamboanga%20Peninsula%20Philippines%20Census%20of%20Population%201903%20-%202007.xlsx | 10 = https://archive.org/download/PhilippinesCensusofPopulationLGUs19032007/Region%2010%20Northern%20Mindanao%20Philippines%20Census%20of%20Population%201903%20-%202007.xlsx | 11 = https://archive.org/download/PhilippinesCensusofPopulationLGUs19032007/Region%2011%20Davao%20Region%20Philippines%20Census%20of%20Population%201903%20-%202007.xlsx | 12 = https://archive.org/download/PhilippinesCensusofPopulationLGUs19032007/Region%2012%20Soccsksargen%20Philippines%20Census%20of%20Population%201903%20-%202007.xls | 13 = https://archive.org/download/PhilippinesCensusofPopulationLGUs19032007/NCR%20Philippines%20Census%20of%20Population%201903%20-%202007.xls | 14 = https://archive.org/download/PhilippinesCensusofPopulationLGUs19032007/Cordillera%20CAR%20Philippines%20Census%20of%20Population%201903%20-%202007.xls | 15 = https://archive.org/download/PhilippinesCensusofPopulationLGUs19032007/ARMM%20Philippines%20Census%20of%20Population%201903%20-%202007.xls | 16 = https://archive.org/download/PhilippinesCensusofPopulationLGUs19032007/Caraga%20Philippines%20Census%20of%20Population%201903%20-%202007.xls | 17 = https://archive.org/download/PhilippinesCensusofPopulationLGUs19032007/Region%204B%20Mimaropa%20Philippines%20Census%20of%20Population%201903%20-%202007.xls }} | title = {{safesubst:#switch: {{safesubst:#if:{{{2|}}}|{{{2}}}|{{safesubst:#invoke:String|sub|{{safesubst:#property:P988}}|1|2}} }} | 01 | 02 | 03 | 04 | 05 | 06 | 07| 08 | 09 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 = Table 1. Population Enumerated in Various Censuses by Province/Highly Urbanized City: 1903 to 2007 | #default = Table 1. Population Enumerated in Various Censuses by Region: 1903 to 2007 }} }}|name=NSO07-{{safesubst:#if:{{{2|}}}|{{{2}}}|{{safesubst:#invoke:String|sub|{{safesubst:#property:P988}}|1|2}} }} }} | 2010 = {{safesubst:#tag:ref|{{cite encyclopedia | publisher = [[Philippine Statistics Authority#National Statistics Office|National Statistics Office]] | last1 = Census of Population and Housing |date=2010 | access-date = {{safesubst:date|29 jun 2016}} | chapter = {{safesubst:#switch: {{safesubst:#if:{{{2|}}}|{{{2}}}|{{safesubst:#invoke:String|sub|{{safesubst:#property:P988}}|1|2}} }} | 01 = Region I (Ilocos Region) | 02 = Region II (Cagayan Valley) | 03 = Region III (Central Luzon) | 04 = Region IV-A (Calabarzon) | 05 = Region V (Bicol Region) | 06 = Region VI (Western Visayas) | 07 = Region VII (Central Visayas) | 08 = Region VIII (Eastern Visayas) | 09 = Region IX (Zamboanga Peninsula) | 10 = Region X (Northern Mindanao) | 11 = Region XI (Davao Region) | 12 = Region XII (Soccsksargen) | 13 = National Capital Region (NCR) | 14 = Cordillera Administrative Region (CAR) | 15 = ARMM – Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao | 16 = Caraga | 17 = Region IV-B (Mimaropa) }} | chapter-url = {{safesubst:#switch: {{safesubst:#if:{{{2|}}}|{{{2}}}|{{safesubst:#invoke:String|sub|{{safesubst:#property:P988}}|1|2}} }} | 01 = https://psa.gov.ph/system/files/phcd/2022-12/Ilocos.pdf | 02 = https://psa.gov.ph/system/files/phcd/2022-12/Cagayan%2520Valley.pdf | 03 = https://psa.gov.ph/system/files/phcd/2022-12/Central%2520Luzon.pdf | 04 = https://psa.gov.ph/system/files/phcd/2022-12/CALABARZON.pdf | 05 = https://psa.gov.ph/system/files/phcd/2022-12/Bicol.pdf | 06 = https://psa.gov.ph/system/files/phcd/2022-12/Western%2520Visayas.pdf | 07 = https://psa.gov.ph/system/files/phcd/2022-12/Central%2520Visayas.pdf | 08 = https://psa.gov.ph/system/files/phcd/2022-12/Eastern%2520Visayas.pdf | 09 = https://psa.gov.ph/system/files/phcd/2022-12/Zamboanga%2520Peninsula.pdf | 10 = https://psa.gov.ph/system/files/phcd/2022-12/Northern%2520Mindanao.pdf | 11 = https://psa.gov.ph/system/files/phcd/2022-12/Davao.pdf | 12 = https://psa.gov.ph/system/files/phcd/2022-12/SOCCSKSARGEN.pdf | 13 = https://psa.gov.ph/system/files/phcd/2022-12/National%2520Capital%2520Region.pdf | 14 = https://psa.gov.ph/system/files/phcd/2022-12/Cordillera%2520Administrative%2520Region.pdf | 15 = https://psa.gov.ph/system/files/phcd/2022-12/Autonomous%2520Region%2520in%2520Muslim%2520Mindanao.pdf | 16 = https://psa.gov.ph/system/files/phcd/2022-12/Caraga.pdf | 17 = https://psa.gov.ph/system/files/phcd/2022-12/MIMAROPA.pdf }} | title = {{safesubst:#switch: {{safesubst:#if:{{{2|}}}|{{{2}}}|{{safesubst:#invoke:String|sub|{{safesubst:#property:P988}}|1|2}} }} | 01 | 02 | 03 | 04 | 05 | 06 | 07 | 08 | 09 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 = Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay | #default = Population and Annual Growth Rates for The Philippines and Its Regions, Provinces, and Highly Urbanized Cities}} | url = {{safesubst:#switch: {{safesubst:#if:{{{2|}}}|{{{2}}}|{{safesubst:#invoke:String|sub|{{safesubst:#property:P988}}|1|2}} }} | 01 | 02 | 03 | 04 | 05 | 06 | 07 | 08 | 09 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 = | #default = https://psa.gov.ph/system/files/phcd/2022-12/Population%2520and%2520Annual%2520Growth%2520Rates%2520for%2520The%2520Philippines%2520and%2520Its%2520Regions%252C%2520Provinces%252C%2520and%2520Highly%2520Urbanized%2520Cities%2520Based%2520on%25201990%252C%25202000%252C%2520and%25202010%2520Censuses.pdf }} }}|name=NSO10–{{safesubst:#if:{{{2|}}}|{{{2}}}|{{safesubst:#invoke:String|sub|{{safesubst:#property:P988}}|1|2}} }} }} | 2015 | #default = {{safesubst:#tag:ref|{{cite encyclopedia | publisher = [[Philippine Statistics Authority]] | last1 = Census of Population |date=2015 | access-date = {{safesubst:date|20 jun 2016}} | chapter = {{safesubst:#switch: {{safesubst:#if:{{{2|}}}|{{{2}}}|{{safesubst:#invoke:String|sub|{{safesubst:#property:P988}}|1|2}} }} | 01 = Region I (Ilocos Region) | 02 = Region II (Cagayan Valley) | 03 = Region III (Central Luzon) | 04 = Region IV-A (Calabarzon) | 05 = Region V (Bicol Region) | 06 = Region VI (Western Visayas) | 07 = Region VII (Central Visayas) | 08 = Region VIII (Eastern Visayas) | 09 = Region IX (Zamboanga Peninsula) | 10 = Region X (Northern Mindanao) | 11 = Region XI (Davao Region) | 12 = Region XII (Soccsksargen) | 13 = National Capital Region (NCR) | 14 = Cordillera Administrative Region (CAR) | 15 = ARMM – Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao | 16 = Caraga | 17 = Region IV-B (Mimaropa) | 18 = Negros Island Region (NIR) }} | chapter-url = {{safesubst:#switch: {{safesubst:#if:{{{2|}}}|{{{2}}}|{{safesubst:#invoke:String|sub|{{safesubst:#property:P988}}|1|2}} }} | 01 = https://psa.gov.ph/system/files/phcd/2022-12/R01.xlsx | 02 = https://psa.gov.ph/system/files/phcd/2022-12/R02.xlsx | 03 = https://psa.gov.ph/system/files/phcd/2022-12/R03.xlsx | 04 = https://psa.gov.ph/system/files/phcd/2022-12/R04A.xlsx | 05 = https://psa.gov.ph/system/files/phcd/2022-12/R05.xlsx | 06 = https://psa.gov.ph/system/files/phcd/2022-12/R06.xlsx | 07 = https://psa.gov.ph/system/files/phcd/2022-12/R07.xlsx | 08 = https://psa.gov.ph/system/files/phcd/2022-12/R08.xlsx | 09 = https://psa.gov.ph/system/files/phcd/2022-12/R09.xlsx | 10 = https://psa.gov.ph/system/files/phcd/2022-12/R10.xlsx | 11 = https://psa.gov.ph/system/files/phcd/2022-12/R11.xlsx | 12 = https://psa.gov.ph/system/files/phcd/2022-12/R12.xlsx | 13 = https://rssoncr.psa.gov.ph/sites/default/files/NCR.xlsx | 14 = https://psa.gov.ph/system/files/phcd/2022-12/CAR_0.xlsx | 15 = https://psa.gov.ph/system/files/phcd/2022-12/ARMM.xlsx | 16 = https://psa.gov.ph/system/files/phcd/2022-12/Caraga.xlsx | 17 = https://psa.gov.ph/system/files/phcd/2022-12/R04B.xlsx | 18 = https://psa.gov.ph/system/files/phcd/2022-12/NIR.xlsx }} | title = {{safesubst:#switch: {{safesubst:#if:{{{2|}}}|{{{2}}}|{{safesubst:#invoke:String|sub|{{safesubst:#property:P988}}|1|2}} }} | 01 | 02 | 03 | 04 | 05 | 06 | 07 | 08 | 09 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 = Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay | #default = Highlights of the Philippine Population 2015 Census of Population }} | url = {{safesubst:#switch: {{safesubst:#if:{{{2|}}}|{{{2}}}|{{safesubst:#invoke:String|sub|{{safesubst:#property:P988}}|1|2}} }} | 01 | 02 | 03 | 04 | 05 | 06 | 07 | 08 | 09 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 = | #default = https://psa.gov.ph/system/files/phcd/2022-12/2015%2520population%2520counts%2520Summary_0.xlsx }} }}|name=PSA15–{{safesubst:#if:{{{2|}}}|{{{2}}}|{{safesubst:#invoke:String|sub|{{safesubst:#property:P988}}|1|2}} }} }} | 2020 | #default = {{safesubst:#tag:ref|{{cite encyclopedia | publisher = [[Philippine Statistics Authority]] | last1 = Census of Population |date=2020 | access-date = {{safesubst:date|8 jul 2021}} | chapter = {{safesubst:#switch: {{safesubst:#if:{{{2|}}}|{{{2}}}|{{safesubst:#invoke:String|sub|{{safesubst:#property:P988}}|1|2}} }} | 01 = Region I (Ilocos Region) | 02 = Region II (Cagayan Valley) | 03 = Region III (Central Luzon) | 04 = Region IV-A (Calabarzon) | 05 = Region V (Bicol Region) | 06 = Region VI (Western Visayas) | 07 = Region VII (Central Visayas) | 08 = Region VIII (Eastern Visayas) | 09 = Region IX (Zamboanga Peninsula) | 10 = Region X (Northern Mindanao) | 11 = Region XI (Davao Region) | 12 = Region XII (Soccsksargen) | 13 = National Capital Region (NCR) | 14 = Cordillera Administrative Region (CAR) | 15 = Bangsamoro (BARMM) | 16 = Caraga | 17 = Mimaropa }} | chapter-url = {{safesubst:#switch: {{safesubst:#if:{{{2|}}}|{{{2}}}|{{safesubst:#invoke:String|sub|{{safesubst:#property:P988}}|1|2}} }} | 01 = https://psa.gov.ph/system/files/phcd/2022-12/Region%25201.xlsx | 02 = https://psa.gov.ph/system/files/phcd/2022-12/Region%25202.xlsx | 03 = https://psa.gov.ph/system/files/phcd/2022-12/Region%25203.xlsx | 04 = https://psa.gov.ph/system/files/phcd/2022-12/Region%25204A.xlsx | 05 = https://psa.gov.ph/system/files/phcd/2022-12/Region%25205.xlsx | 06 = https://psa.gov.ph/system/files/phcd/2022-12/Region%25206.xlsx | 07 = https://psa.gov.ph/system/files/phcd/2022-12/Region%25207.xlsx | 08 = https://psa.gov.ph/system/files/phcd/2022-12/Region%25208.xlsx | 09 = https://psa.gov.ph/system/files/phcd/2022-12/Region%25209.xlsx | 10 = https://psa.gov.ph/system/files/phcd/2022-12/Region%252010.xlsx | 11 = https://psa.gov.ph/system/files/phcd/2022-12/Region%252011.xlsx | 12 = https://psa.gov.ph/system/files/phcd/2022-12/Region%252012.xlsx | 13 = https://psa.gov.ph/system/files/phcd/2022-12/NCR.xlsx | 14 = https://psa.gov.ph/system/files/phcd/2022-12/CAR.xlsx | 15 = https://psa.gov.ph/system/files/phcd/2022-12/BARMM.xlsx | 16 = https://psa.gov.ph/system/files/phcd/2022-12/Caraga.xlsx | 17 = https://psa.gov.ph/system/files/phcd/2022-12/MIMAROPA.xlsx }} | title = {{safesubst:#switch: {{safesubst:#if:{{{2|}}}|{{{2}}}|{{safesubst:#invoke:String|sub|{{safesubst:#property:P988}}|1|2}} }} | 01 | 02 | 03 | 04 | 05 | 06 | 07 | 08 | 09 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 = Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay | #default = Table B - Population and Annual Growth Rates by Province, City, and Municipality - By Region }} | url = {{safesubst:#switch: {{safesubst:#if:{{{2|}}}|{{{2}}}|{{safesubst:#invoke:String|sub|{{safesubst:#property:P988}}|1|2}} }} | 01 | 02 | 03 | 04 | 05 | 06 | 07 | 08 | 09 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 = | #default = https://psa.gov.ph/system/files/phcd/2022-12/Table%2520B%2520-%2520Population%2520and%2520Annual%2520Growth%2520Rates%2520by%2520Province%252C%2520City%252C%2520and%2520Municipality%2520-%2520By%2520Region_AGBA_rev.xlsx }} }}|name=PSA20–{{safesubst:#if:{{{2|}}}|{{{2}}}|{{safesubst:#invoke:String|sub|{{safesubst:#property:P988}}|1|2}} }} }} }}</includeonly><noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> g3izasx0amjveo69licews303sn5awx 0 478842 3353463 2026-11-01T11:29:29Z Afdhal Sy 20915 Artikel makanan di timur tengah 3353463 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Berkas:Punjabi pullao.JPG|jmpl|''Pullao'' dari Punjab, [[Pakistan]]]] [[Berkas:Bulgur pilavı.JPG|jmpl|''Pilaf'' dari [[bulgur]] (masakan Turki)]] '''Plov''' ([[bahaso Rusia]]: ''плов''), '''Pilaf''' ([[bahaso Persia]]: ''پلو'') atau '''polao''', '''pullao''', '''pilau''', '''pilav''', '''pilaff''' adolah makanan dari [[bareh]] atau bulgur nan ditumih jo rampah-rampah jo minyak samin sampai kuniang sasudah ditanak jo [[kuah kaldu]]. Makanan ko ini sangaik umum dalam masakan [[Timur Tangah]], [[Asia Tangah]], [[Asia Salatan]], [[Afrika Timur]] jo [[Amerika Latin]]. Plov ko dapat memakai sayua bacampua jo dagiang (ayam, domba, dan kambiang), makanan lauik (udang, karang), atau sayua sajo. Plov ko barasa dari masakan Persia kuno sabalun manyebar ka [[Uzbekistan]], [[Azerbaijan]] , [[Turkmenistan]] jo [[Rusia]] disikonyo manjadi makanan khasnyo. Namonyo ko barasa dari ''pilau'' (kato dalam [[bahaso Turki]]) nan bararti manumih jo lamak jawi atau [[minyak manih]] sabalun batanak nasi, supayo harum jo mambuek [[nasi badarai]]. Bareh ditanak jo kaldu dagiang jawi atau ayam.<ref>{{Cite book|title=The Ultimate Rice Cooker Cookbook|url=http://archive.org/details/ultimatericecook00hens_0|publisher=Harvard Common Press|date=2002-01-01|isbn=978-1-55832-202-8|last=Internet Archive|last2=Julie Kaufmann}}</ref> Iko marupoan makanan pokok jo makanan nan terkenal di [[Afganistan|Afghanistan]], [[Albania]], [[Armenia]], [[Azerbaijan]], [[Bangladesh]], [[Bulgaria]], [[Republik Rakyaik Cino|Cino]] (khususnyo di [[Xinjiang]]), [[Siprus]], [[Georgia]], [[Yunani]] (tarutamo di [[Kreta]]), [[India]], [[Irak]] (tarutamo di [[Kirgizstan|Kurdistan]]), [[Iran]], [[Israel]],<ref group="Buku">Gil Marks. ''Encyclopedia of Jewish Food''. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2010. {{ISBN|9780544186316}}</ref> [[Kazakhstan]], [[Kenya]], [[Pakistan]], [[Kirgizstan|Kirgistan]], [[Sarilangka]], [[Tanzania]] (tarutamo di [[Zanzibar]]), [[Tajikistan]],<ref>{{Cite book|title=World and Its Peoples|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=j894miuOqc4C&pg=PA662&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false|publisher=Marshall Cavendish|date=2006-09|isbn=978-0-7614-7571-2|language=en|first=Marshall|last=Cavendish}}</ref> [[Turki]],<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20181226023134/https://www.thespruceeats.com/turkish-style-pinto-beans-3274130</ref> [[Turkmenistan]], [[Uganda]], jo [[Uzbekistan]].<ref>{{Cite book|title=Street Food around the World: An Encyclopedia of Food and Culture: An Encyclopedia of Food and Culture|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=9XCjAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA384&redir_esc=y|publisher=ABC-CLIO|date=2013-09-09|isbn=978-1-59884-955-4|language=en|first=Bruce|last=Kraig|first2=Colleen Taylor Sen|last2=Ph.D}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=Life in a Muslim Uzbek Village: Cotton Farming After Communism CSCA|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=etV63sfgYFYC&pg=PA92&redir_esc=y|publisher=Cengage Learning|date=2010-02-26|isbn=978-0-495-09281-0|language=en|first=Russell|last=Zanca}}</ref> == Etimologi == Manuruik [[Kamus bahaso Inggirih Oxford|Kamus]] [[Kamus bahaso Inggirih Oxford|bahaso Inggirih Oxford]], Edisi Katigo ([[2006]]), kato ''pilaf'' barasa dari [[bahaso Inggirih]] salanjuiknyo diasimilasikan ka dalam bahaso Inggirih di [[Amerika Utara]] untuak marujuak pado makanan plov nan sablunyo dipinjam dari [[bahaso Turki]] ''pilav''. Niniak moyang linguistiknyo nan barasa dari [[bahaso Persia]] ''pilāf'', kini ko istilah iko labiah acok ado dalam kamus-kamus [[Amerika Utara]] daripado kato ''pilau''.<ref group="Buku">Oxford English Dictionary 2006a</ref> Samantaro itu, dalam bahaso Inggirih jo Persemakmuran, ejaan iko bakambang manjadi ''pilau. A''walnyo banamo ''pilaf'' nan punyo garih katurunan bahaso nan samo jo [[bahaso Persia]] ''pulaw'' (sacaro resmi disabuik sabagai *''palāv''*, *''pilāv''*, atau *''pulāv''* pado abaik ka-16). Garih katurunan ko manajak baliak ka [[bahaso Hindi]] pulāv (sapiriang nasi jo dagiang) jo bahaso Sanskerta ''pulāka'' (sapiriang bola nasi), nan mungkin pado gilirannyo, barasa dari [[bahaso Dravidia]].<ref group="Buku">Oxford English Dictionary 2006a</ref> Dalam [[bahaso Indonesia]], masakan ko sacaro resmi dikenal sabagai ''plov'' sasuai jo namo aslinyo di [[Azerbaijan]] walaupun istilah ''pilaf'' juo digunoan, tarutamo di kalangan [[urang Arab Indonesia]]. == Sajarah == [[Berkas:Arroz enjoyado - Morasa Poló.JPG|jmpl|''Pilav'' ala [[Persia]]]] Walaupun batanam padi alah manyebar jauah labiah awal dari [[Asia Selatan]] ka [[Asia Tangah]] jo [[Asia Barat]], pado maso [[Khilafah Abbasiyah]] caro batanak nasi alah sarupo jo gaya modern mamasak ''plov'' mulai manyebar ka saluruah wilayah nan laweh, dari [[Spanyol]] sampai [[Afganistan|Afghanistan]] hinggo akhianyo ka dunia nan labiah laweh. Di [[Spanyol]], iko dikana sabagai ''paella'',<ref group="Buku">Roger 2000, hlm.&#x20;1143.</ref><ref group="Catatan">Roger: " (p. 1143) Under the Abbassids, for example (ninth to twelfth century), during the Golden Age of Islam, there was one single empire from Afghanistan to Spain and the North of Arabia. The size of the empire allowed many foods to spread throughout the Middle East. From India, rice went to Syria, Iraq, and Iran, and eventually, it became known and cultivated all the way to Spain. .... Many dishes of that period are still prepared today with ingredients available to the common people. Some of these are vinegar preserves, roasted meat, and cooked livers, which could be bought in the streets, eaten in the shops, or taken home. Such dishes considerably influenced medieval European and Indian cookery; for example, ''paella'', which evolved from ''pulao'', and ''pilaf'' and meat patties that started out as ''samosa'' or ''sambusak''."</ref> samantaro di [[Asia Selatan]], masakan sarupo ''pilau'', ''pullao'',<ref group="Buku">Nandy 2004, hlm.&#x20;11.</ref><ref group="Catatan">Nandy: "(p. 11) All around India one finds preparations that came originally from outside South Asia. ''Kebabs'' came from West and Central Asia and underwent radical metamorphosis in the hot and dusty plains of India. So did ''biryani'' and ''pulao'', two rice preparations, usually with meat. Without them, ceremonial dining in many parts of India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh is incomplete."</ref> jo ''biryani''<ref group="Buku">Sengupta 2014, hlm.&#x20;74.</ref><ref group="Catatan">Sengupta: "(p. 74) Muslim influence on the style and substance of Indian food was profound. K.T. Achaya writes that the Muslims imported a new refinement and a courtly etiquette of both group and individual dining into the austere dining ambience of Hindu society. ... Babur's son, Humayun, came back to India after spending a long period of exile in Kabul and the Safavid imperial court in Iran. He brought with him an entourage of Persian cooks who introduced the rich and elaborate rice cookery of the Safavid courts to India, combining Indian spices and Persian arts into a rich fusion that became the iconic dish of Islamic South Asian cuisine, the ''biryani''."</ref> bakambang dari tradisi ko. Manuruik panulih K. T. Achaya, [[Wiracarita India Mahabharata|wiracarita India ''Mahabharata'']] manyabuik contoh nasi jo dagiang nan dimasak basamo. Manuruik Achaya juo mancataik baso istilah "''pulao''" atau "''pallao''" digunokan untuak marujuak pado hidangan nasi dalam [[Sanskerta]] kuno, sarupo ''Yājñavalkya Smṛti''.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Indian Food: A Historical Companion|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=-cFcH2ZHWLcC&redir_esc=y|publisher=Oxford University Press|date=1994|isbn=978-0-19-562845-6|language=en|first=K. T.|last=Achaya}}</ref> Tatapi, manuruik panulih makanan [[Colleen Taylor Sen]] jo [[Charles]] Perrault, basamo jo ahli teori sosial [[Ashis Nandy]], bapandapek baso iko indak sarupo jo makna jo sijarah nan takaik jo ''plov'' sabuah hidangan nan baru muncua dalam catatan India sasudah panakluakan [[Asia Tangah]] salamo [[Abaik Patangahan]].<ref>{{Cite book|title=Feasts and Fasts: A History of Food in India|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=VN_vCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA164&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false|publisher=Reaktion Books|date=2014-11-15|isbn=978-1-78023-391-8|language=en|first=Colleen Taylor|last=Sen}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1994-12-15-fo-9100-story.html|title=Annual Cookbook Issue : BOOK REVIEW : An Armchair Guide to the Indian Table : INDIAN FOOD: A Historical Companion By K. T. Achaya (Oxford University Press: 1994; $35; 290 pp.)|last=Perry|first=Charles|date=1994-12-15|website=Los Angeles Times|language=en-US|access-date=2026-11-01}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Nandy|first=Ashis|date=2004-05-01|title=The Changing Popular Culture of Indian Food: Preliminary Notes|url=https://doi.org/10.1177/0262728004042760|journal=South Asia Research|language=EN|publisher=SAGE Publications India|volume=24|issue=1|pages=9–19|doi=10.1177/0262728004042760|issn=0262-7280}}</ref> Baitu juo, pado abaik ka-4 SM, [[Aleksander nan Aguang|Alexander Agung]] jo pasukannyo sangaik kagum jo ''plov'' nan barasa dari Baktria jo Sogdiana sahinggo tantaranyo mambaok resep tu baliak ka [[Republik Makedonia|Makedonia]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|title=Cumin, Camels, and Caravans: A Spice Odyssey|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=e-glDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA135&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false|publisher=Univ of California Press|date=2014-04-07|isbn=978-0-520-26720-6|language=en|first=Gary Paul|last=Nabhan}}</ref> Ado pulo catatan nan manunjuakkan baso [[Aleksander nan Aguang|Alexander]] mampakenalkan ''plov'' ka Samarkand, tatapi, sejarawan seni [[John Boardman]] maanggap carito-carito iko sabagai [[apokrifa]].<ref group="Buku">Boardman 2019, hlm.&#x20;102.</ref> Resep paliang awal nan didokumentasikan untuak ''plov'' ''ko'' barasa dari sarjana [[Persia]] abaik ka-10 [[Ibnu Sina]]. Dalam risalah ilmu medisnyo, inyo mandedikasikan kasado bagian untuak manyiapkan babagai masakan, tamasuak babarapo jenis ''plov'', sambia manjalehkan manfaat jo kakurangan satiok bahan nan digunoannyo. Karano, urang Persia maanggap [[Ibnu Sina]] ko sabagai "apak" dari ''plov'' moderen.<ref name=":1" /> Teks-teks bahaso [[Arab]] abaik ka-13 manggambarkan konsistensi ideal dari ''plov'' baso bantuaknyo ko sarupo jo [[marica]] dan babeda satu samo lain, indak manggumpa.<ref>{{Cite news|title=How to cook perfect pilaf|url=https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/wordofmouth/2012/sep/27/how-to-cook-perfect-pilaf|newspaper=The Guardian|date=2012-09-26|access-date=2026-11-01|issn=0261-3077|language=en-GB|first=Felicity|last=Cloake}}</ref>Sumber lain untuak makanan ''plov'' ko manjalehan kalau iko barasa dari filsuf [[Iran]] abaik ka-17 [[Molla Sadra]].<ref>{{Cite book|title=Classical Turkish Cooking: Traditional Turkish Food for the America|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=gn49svh2_KUC&pg=PT13&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false|publisher=Harper Collins|date=2013-07-30|isbn=978-0-06-203911-8|language=en|first=Ayla|last=Algar}}</ref> Salamo batahun-tahun, ''plov'' manjadi makanan pokok di sado wilayah [[Timur Tangah]] jo [[Transkaukasia]], salamo batahun tahun mangalami babagai parubahan dek urang Persia, [[Arab]], [[Turki]], jo [[Armenia]]. Pado maso [[Uni Soviet]], masakan ko versi [[Asia Tangah]] tasebar ka sadonyo wilayah republik Soviet, manjadi perlengkapan umum dalam masakan Soviet. == Rujukan == <references /> jxo7xf09umik3foj15qt8y7tn4eie9f 3353464 3353463 2026-11-01T11:31:40Z Afdhal Sy 20915 3353464 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Berkas:Punjabi pullao.JPG|jmpl|''Pullao'' dari Punjab, [[Pakistan]]]] [[Berkas:Bulgur pilavı.JPG|jmpl|''Pilaf'' dari [[bulgur]] (masakan Turki)]] '''Plov''' ([[bahaso Rusia]]: ''плов''), '''Pilaf''' ([[bahaso Persia]]: ''پلو'') atau '''polao''', '''pullao''', '''pilau''', '''pilav''', '''pilaff''' adolah makanan dari [[bareh]] atau bulgur nan ditumih jo rampah-rampah jo minyak samin sampai kuniang sasudah ditanak jo [[kuah kaldu]]. Makanan ko ini sangaik umum dalam masakan [[Timur Tangah]], [[Asia Tangah]], [[Asia Salatan]], [[Afrika Timur]] jo [[Amerika Latin]]. Plov ko dapat memakai sayua bacampua jo dagiang (ayam, domba, dan kambiang), makanan lauik (udang, karang), atau sayua sajo. Plov ko barasa dari masakan Persia kuno sabalun manyebar ka [[Uzbekistan]], [[Azerbaijan]] , [[Turkmenistan]] jo [[Rusia]] disikonyo manjadi makanan khasnyo. Namonyo ko barasa dari ''pilau'' (kato dalam [[bahaso Turki]]) nan bararti manumih jo lamak jawi atau [[minyak manih]] sabalun batanak nasi, supayo harum jo mambuek [[nasi badarai]]. Bareh ditanak jo kaldu dagiang jawi atau ayam.<ref>{{Cite book|title=The Ultimate Rice Cooker Cookbook|url=http://archive.org/details/ultimatericecook00hens_0|publisher=Harvard Common Press|date=2002-01-01|isbn=978-1-55832-202-8|last=Internet Archive|last2=Julie Kaufmann}}</ref> Iko marupoan makanan pokok jo makanan nan terkenal di [[Afganistan|Afghanistan]], [[Albania]], [[Armenia]], [[Azerbaijan]], [[Bangladesh]], [[Bulgaria]], [[Republik Rakyaik Cino|Cino]] (khususnyo di [[Xinjiang]]), [[Siprus]], [[Georgia]], [[Yunani]] (tarutamo di [[Kreta]]), [[India]], [[Irak]] (tarutamo di [[Kirgizstan|Kurdistan]]), [[Iran]], [[Israel]],<ref group="Buku">Gil Marks. ''Encyclopedia of Jewish Food''. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2010. {{ISBN|9780544186316}}</ref> [[Kazakhstan]], [[Kenya]], [[Pakistan]], [[Kirgizstan|Kirgistan]], [[Sarilangka]], [[Tanzania]] (tarutamo di [[Zanzibar]]), [[Tajikistan]],<ref>{{Cite book|title=World and Its Peoples|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=j894miuOqc4C&pg=PA662&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false|publisher=Marshall Cavendish|date=2006-09|isbn=978-0-7614-7571-2|language=en|first=Marshall|last=Cavendish}}</ref> [[Turki]],<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20181226023134/https://www.thespruceeats.com/turkish-style-pinto-beans-3274130</ref> [[Turkmenistan]], [[Uganda]], jo [[Uzbekistan]].<ref>{{Cite book|title=Street Food around the World: An Encyclopedia of Food and Culture: An Encyclopedia of Food and Culture|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=9XCjAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA384&redir_esc=y|publisher=ABC-CLIO|date=2013-09-09|isbn=978-1-59884-955-4|language=en|first=Bruce|last=Kraig|first2=Colleen Taylor Sen|last2=Ph.D}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=Life in a Muslim Uzbek Village: Cotton Farming After Communism CSCA|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=etV63sfgYFYC&pg=PA92&redir_esc=y|publisher=Cengage Learning|date=2010-02-26|isbn=978-0-495-09281-0|language=en|first=Russell|last=Zanca}}</ref> == Etimologi == Manuruik [[Kamus bahaso Inggirih Oxford|Kamus]] [[Kamus bahaso Inggirih Oxford|bahaso Inggirih Oxford]], Edisi Katigo ([[2006]]), kato ''pilaf'' barasa dari [[bahaso Inggirih]] salanjuiknyo diasimilasikan ka dalam bahaso Inggirih di [[Amerika Utara]] untuak marujuak pado makanan plov nan sablunyo dipinjam dari [[bahaso Turki]] ''pilav''. Niniak moyang linguistiknyo nan barasa dari [[bahaso Persia]] ''pilāf'', kini ko istilah iko labiah acok ado dalam kamus-kamus [[Amerika Utara]] daripado kato ''pilau''.<ref group="Buku">Oxford English Dictionary 2006a</ref> Samantaro itu, dalam bahaso Inggirih jo Persemakmuran, ejaan iko bakambang manjadi ''pilau. A''walnyo banamo ''pilaf'' nan punyo garih katurunan bahaso nan samo jo [[bahaso Persia]] ''pulaw'' (sacaro resmi disabuik sabagai *''palāv''*, *''pilāv''*, atau *''pulāv''* pado abaik ka-16). Garih katurunan ko manajak baliak ka [[bahaso Hindi]] pulāv (sapiriang nasi jo dagiang) jo bahaso Sanskerta ''pulāka'' (sapiriang bola nasi), nan mungkin pado gilirannyo, barasa dari [[bahaso Dravidia]].<ref group="Buku">Oxford English Dictionary 2006a</ref> Dalam [[bahaso Indonesia]], masakan ko sacaro resmi dikenal sabagai ''plov'' sasuai jo namo aslinyo di [[Azerbaijan]] walaupun istilah ''pilaf'' juo digunoan, tarutamo di kalangan [[urang Arab Indonesia]]. == Sajarah == [[Berkas:Arroz enjoyado - Morasa Poló.JPG|jmpl|''Pilav'' ala [[Persia]]]] Walaupun batanam padi alah manyebar jauah labiah awal dari [[Asia Selatan]] ka [[Asia Tangah]] jo [[Asia Barat]], pado maso [[Khilafah Abbasiyah]] caro batanak nasi alah sarupo jo gaya modern mamasak ''plov'' mulai manyebar ka saluruah wilayah nan laweh, dari [[Spanyol]] sampai [[Afganistan|Afghanistan]] hinggo akhianyo ka dunia nan labiah laweh. Di [[Spanyol]], iko dikana sabagai ''paella'',<ref group="Buku">Roger 2000, hlm.&#x20;1143.</ref><ref group="Catatan">Roger: " (p. 1143) Under the Abbassids, for example (ninth to twelfth century), during the Golden Age of Islam, there was one single empire from Afghanistan to Spain and the North of Arabia. The size of the empire allowed many foods to spread throughout the Middle East. From India, rice went to Syria, Iraq, and Iran, and eventually, it became known and cultivated all the way to Spain. .... Many dishes of that period are still prepared today with ingredients available to the common people. Some of these are vinegar preserves, roasted meat, and cooked livers, which could be bought in the streets, eaten in the shops, or taken home. Such dishes considerably influenced medieval European and Indian cookery; for example, ''paella'', which evolved from ''pulao'', and ''pilaf'' and meat patties that started out as ''samosa'' or ''sambusak''."</ref> samantaro di [[Asia Selatan]], masakan sarupo ''pilau'', ''pullao'',<ref group="Buku">Nandy 2004, hlm.&#x20;11.</ref><ref group="Catatan">Nandy: "(p. 11) All around India one finds preparations that came originally from outside South Asia. ''Kebabs'' came from West and Central Asia and underwent radical metamorphosis in the hot and dusty plains of India. So did ''biryani'' and ''pulao'', two rice preparations, usually with meat. Without them, ceremonial dining in many parts of India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh is incomplete."</ref> jo ''biryani''<ref group="Buku">Sengupta 2014, hlm.&#x20;74.</ref><ref group="Catatan">Sengupta: "(p. 74) Muslim influence on the style and substance of Indian food was profound. K.T. Achaya writes that the Muslims imported a new refinement and a courtly etiquette of both group and individual dining into the austere dining ambience of Hindu society. ... Babur's son, Humayun, came back to India after spending a long period of exile in Kabul and the Safavid imperial court in Iran. He brought with him an entourage of Persian cooks who introduced the rich and elaborate rice cookery of the Safavid courts to India, combining Indian spices and Persian arts into a rich fusion that became the iconic dish of Islamic South Asian cuisine, the ''biryani''."</ref> bakambang dari tradisi ko. Manuruik panulih K. T. Achaya, [[Wiracarita India Mahabharata|wiracarita India ''Mahabharata'']] manyabuik contoh nasi jo dagiang nan dimasak basamo. Manuruik Achaya juo mancataik baso istilah "''pulao''" atau "''pallao''" digunokan untuak marujuak pado hidangan nasi dalam [[Sanskerta]] kuno, sarupo ''Yājñavalkya Smṛti''.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Indian Food: A Historical Companion|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=-cFcH2ZHWLcC&redir_esc=y|publisher=Oxford University Press|date=1994|isbn=978-0-19-562845-6|language=en|first=K. T.|last=Achaya}}</ref> Tatapi, manuruik panulih makanan [[Colleen Taylor Sen]] jo [[Charles]] Perrault, basamo jo ahli teori sosial [[Ashis Nandy]], bapandapek baso iko indak sarupo jo makna jo sijarah nan takaik jo ''plov'' sabuah hidangan nan baru muncua dalam catatan India sasudah panakluakan [[Asia Tangah]] salamo [[Abaik Patangahan]].<ref>{{Cite book|title=Feasts and Fasts: A History of Food in India|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=VN_vCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA164&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false|publisher=Reaktion Books|date=2014-11-15|isbn=978-1-78023-391-8|language=en|first=Colleen Taylor|last=Sen}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1994-12-15-fo-9100-story.html|title=Annual Cookbook Issue : BOOK REVIEW : An Armchair Guide to the Indian Table : INDIAN FOOD: A Historical Companion By K. T. Achaya (Oxford University Press: 1994; $35; 290 pp.)|last=Perry|first=Charles|date=1994-12-15|website=Los Angeles Times|language=en-US|access-date=2026-11-01}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Nandy|first=Ashis|date=2004-05-01|title=The Changing Popular Culture of Indian Food: Preliminary Notes|url=https://doi.org/10.1177/0262728004042760|journal=South Asia Research|language=EN|publisher=SAGE Publications India|volume=24|issue=1|pages=9–19|doi=10.1177/0262728004042760|issn=0262-7280}}</ref> Baitu juo, pado abaik ka-4 SM, [[Aleksander nan Aguang|Alexander Agung]] jo pasukannyo sangaik kagum jo ''plov'' nan barasa dari Baktria jo Sogdiana sahinggo tantaranyo mambaok resep tu baliak ka [[Republik Makedonia|Makedonia]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|title=Cumin, Camels, and Caravans: A Spice Odyssey|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=e-glDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA135&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false|publisher=Univ of California Press|date=2014-04-07|isbn=978-0-520-26720-6|language=en|first=Gary Paul|last=Nabhan}}</ref> Ado pulo catatan nan manunjuakkan baso [[Aleksander nan Aguang|Alexander]] mampakenalkan ''plov'' ka Samarkand, tatapi, sejarawan seni [[John Boardman]] maanggap carito-carito iko sabagai [[apokrifa]].<ref group="Buku">Boardman 2019, hlm.&#x20;102.</ref> Resep paliang awal nan didokumentasikan untuak ''plov'' ''ko'' barasa dari sarjana [[Persia]] abaik ka-10 [[Ibnu Sina]]. Dalam risalah ilmu medisnyo, inyo mandedikasikan kasado bagian untuak manyiapkan babagai masakan, tamasuak babarapo jenis ''plov'', sambia manjalehkan manfaat jo kakurangan satiok bahan nan digunoannyo. Karano, urang Persia maanggap [[Ibnu Sina]] ko sabagai "apak" dari ''plov'' moderen.<ref name=":1" /> Teks-teks bahaso [[Arab]] abaik ka-13 manggambarkan konsistensi ideal dari ''plov'' baso bantuaknyo ko sarupo jo [[marica]] dan babeda satu samo lain, indak manggumpa.<ref>{{Cite news|title=How to cook perfect pilaf|url=https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/wordofmouth/2012/sep/27/how-to-cook-perfect-pilaf|newspaper=The Guardian|date=2012-09-26|access-date=2026-11-01|issn=0261-3077|language=en-GB|first=Felicity|last=Cloake}}</ref>Sumber lain untuak makanan ''plov'' ko manjalehan kalau iko barasa dari filsuf [[Iran]] abaik ka-17 [[Molla Sadra]].<ref>{{Cite book|title=Classical Turkish Cooking: Traditional Turkish Food for the America|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=gn49svh2_KUC&pg=PT13&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false|publisher=Harper Collins|date=2013-07-30|isbn=978-0-06-203911-8|language=en|first=Ayla|last=Algar}}</ref> Salamo batahun-tahun, ''plov'' manjadi makanan pokok di sado wilayah [[Timur Tangah]] jo [[Transkaukasia]], salamo batahun tahun mangalami babagai parubahan dek urang Persia, [[Arab]], [[Turki]], jo [[Armenia]]. Pado maso [[Uni Soviet]], masakan ko versi [[Asia Tangah]] tasebar ka sadonyo wilayah republik Soviet, manjadi perlengkapan umum dalam masakan Soviet. == Rujukan == <references /> [[Kategori:Bulan Asia Wikipedia 2026]] i5jk8hoxnlpow08tgt29cbr40qs9kje 3353465 3353464 2026-11-01T11:48:29Z Afdhal Sy 20915 /* Rujukan */ 3353465 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Berkas:Punjabi pullao.JPG|jmpl|''Pullao'' dari Punjab, [[Pakistan]]]] [[Berkas:Bulgur pilavı.JPG|jmpl|''Pilaf'' dari [[bulgur]] (masakan Turki)]] '''Plov''' ([[bahaso Rusia]]: ''плов''), '''Pilaf''' ([[bahaso Persia]]: ''پلو'') atau '''polao''', '''pullao''', '''pilau''', '''pilav''', '''pilaff''' adolah makanan dari [[bareh]] atau bulgur nan ditumih jo rampah-rampah jo minyak samin sampai kuniang sasudah ditanak jo [[kuah kaldu]]. Makanan ko ini sangaik umum dalam masakan [[Timur Tangah]], [[Asia Tangah]], [[Asia Salatan]], [[Afrika Timur]] jo [[Amerika Latin]]. Plov ko dapat memakai sayua bacampua jo dagiang (ayam, domba, dan kambiang), makanan lauik (udang, karang), atau sayua sajo. Plov ko barasa dari masakan Persia kuno sabalun manyebar ka [[Uzbekistan]], [[Azerbaijan]] , [[Turkmenistan]] jo [[Rusia]] disikonyo manjadi makanan khasnyo. Namonyo ko barasa dari ''pilau'' (kato dalam [[bahaso Turki]]) nan bararti manumih jo lamak jawi atau [[minyak manih]] sabalun batanak nasi, supayo harum jo mambuek [[nasi badarai]]. Bareh ditanak jo kaldu dagiang jawi atau ayam.<ref>{{Cite book|title=The Ultimate Rice Cooker Cookbook|url=http://archive.org/details/ultimatericecook00hens_0|publisher=Harvard Common Press|date=2002-01-01|isbn=978-1-55832-202-8|last=Internet Archive|last2=Julie Kaufmann}}</ref> Iko marupoan makanan pokok jo makanan nan terkenal di [[Afganistan|Afghanistan]], [[Albania]], [[Armenia]], [[Azerbaijan]], [[Bangladesh]], [[Bulgaria]], [[Republik Rakyaik Cino|Cino]] (khususnyo di [[Xinjiang]]), [[Siprus]], [[Georgia]], [[Yunani]] (tarutamo di [[Kreta]]), [[India]], [[Irak]] (tarutamo di [[Kirgizstan|Kurdistan]]), [[Iran]], [[Israel]],<ref group="Buku">Gil Marks. ''Encyclopedia of Jewish Food''. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2010. {{ISBN|9780544186316}}</ref> [[Kazakhstan]], [[Kenya]], [[Pakistan]], [[Kirgizstan|Kirgistan]], [[Sarilangka]], [[Tanzania]] (tarutamo di [[Zanzibar]]), [[Tajikistan]],<ref>{{Cite book|title=World and Its Peoples|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=j894miuOqc4C&pg=PA662&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false|publisher=Marshall Cavendish|date=2006-09|isbn=978-0-7614-7571-2|language=en|first=Marshall|last=Cavendish}}</ref> [[Turki]],<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20181226023134/https://www.thespruceeats.com/turkish-style-pinto-beans-3274130</ref> [[Turkmenistan]], [[Uganda]], jo [[Uzbekistan]].<ref>{{Cite book|title=Street Food around the World: An Encyclopedia of Food and Culture: An Encyclopedia of Food and Culture|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=9XCjAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA384&redir_esc=y|publisher=ABC-CLIO|date=2013-09-09|isbn=978-1-59884-955-4|language=en|first=Bruce|last=Kraig|first2=Colleen Taylor Sen|last2=Ph.D}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=Life in a Muslim Uzbek Village: Cotton Farming After Communism CSCA|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=etV63sfgYFYC&pg=PA92&redir_esc=y|publisher=Cengage Learning|date=2010-02-26|isbn=978-0-495-09281-0|language=en|first=Russell|last=Zanca}}</ref> == Etimologi == Manuruik [[Kamus bahaso Inggirih Oxford|Kamus]] [[Kamus bahaso Inggirih Oxford|bahaso Inggirih Oxford]], Edisi Katigo ([[2006]]), kato ''pilaf'' barasa dari [[bahaso Inggirih]] salanjuiknyo diasimilasikan ka dalam bahaso Inggirih di [[Amerika Utara]] untuak marujuak pado makanan plov nan sablunyo dipinjam dari [[bahaso Turki]] ''pilav''. Niniak moyang linguistiknyo nan barasa dari [[bahaso Persia]] ''pilāf'', kini ko istilah iko labiah acok ado dalam kamus-kamus [[Amerika Utara]] daripado kato ''pilau''.<ref group="Buku">Oxford English Dictionary 2006a</ref> Samantaro itu, dalam bahaso Inggirih jo Persemakmuran, ejaan iko bakambang manjadi ''pilau. A''walnyo banamo ''pilaf'' nan punyo garih katurunan bahaso nan samo jo [[bahaso Persia]] ''pulaw'' (sacaro resmi disabuik sabagai *''palāv''*, *''pilāv''*, atau *''pulāv''* pado abaik ka-16). Garih katurunan ko manajak baliak ka [[bahaso Hindi]] pulāv (sapiriang nasi jo dagiang) jo bahaso Sanskerta ''pulāka'' (sapiriang bola nasi), nan mungkin pado gilirannyo, barasa dari [[bahaso Dravidia]].<ref group="Buku">Oxford English Dictionary 2006a</ref> Dalam [[bahaso Indonesia]], masakan ko sacaro resmi dikenal sabagai ''plov'' sasuai jo namo aslinyo di [[Azerbaijan]] walaupun istilah ''pilaf'' juo digunoan, tarutamo di kalangan [[urang Arab Indonesia]]. == Sajarah == [[Berkas:Arroz enjoyado - Morasa Poló.JPG|jmpl|''Pilav'' ala [[Persia]]]] Walaupun batanam padi alah manyebar jauah labiah awal dari [[Asia Selatan]] ka [[Asia Tangah]] jo [[Asia Barat]], pado maso [[Khilafah Abbasiyah]] caro batanak nasi alah sarupo jo gaya modern mamasak ''plov'' mulai manyebar ka saluruah wilayah nan laweh, dari [[Spanyol]] sampai [[Afganistan|Afghanistan]] hinggo akhianyo ka dunia nan labiah laweh. Di [[Spanyol]], iko dikana sabagai ''paella'',<ref group="Buku">Roger 2000, hlm.&#x20;1143.</ref><ref group="Catatan">Roger: " (p. 1143) Under the Abbassids, for example (ninth to twelfth century), during the Golden Age of Islam, there was one single empire from Afghanistan to Spain and the North of Arabia. The size of the empire allowed many foods to spread throughout the Middle East. From India, rice went to Syria, Iraq, and Iran, and eventually, it became known and cultivated all the way to Spain. .... Many dishes of that period are still prepared today with ingredients available to the common people. Some of these are vinegar preserves, roasted meat, and cooked livers, which could be bought in the streets, eaten in the shops, or taken home. Such dishes considerably influenced medieval European and Indian cookery; for example, ''paella'', which evolved from ''pulao'', and ''pilaf'' and meat patties that started out as ''samosa'' or ''sambusak''."</ref> samantaro di [[Asia Selatan]], masakan sarupo ''pilau'', ''pullao'',<ref group="Buku">Nandy 2004, hlm.&#x20;11.</ref><ref group="Catatan">Nandy: "(p. 11) All around India one finds preparations that came originally from outside South Asia. ''Kebabs'' came from West and Central Asia and underwent radical metamorphosis in the hot and dusty plains of India. So did ''biryani'' and ''pulao'', two rice preparations, usually with meat. Without them, ceremonial dining in many parts of India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh is incomplete."</ref> jo ''biryani''<ref group="Buku">Sengupta 2014, hlm.&#x20;74.</ref><ref group="Catatan">Sengupta: "(p. 74) Muslim influence on the style and substance of Indian food was profound. K.T. Achaya writes that the Muslims imported a new refinement and a courtly etiquette of both group and individual dining into the austere dining ambience of Hindu society. ... Babur's son, Humayun, came back to India after spending a long period of exile in Kabul and the Safavid imperial court in Iran. He brought with him an entourage of Persian cooks who introduced the rich and elaborate rice cookery of the Safavid courts to India, combining Indian spices and Persian arts into a rich fusion that became the iconic dish of Islamic South Asian cuisine, the ''biryani''."</ref> bakambang dari tradisi ko. Manuruik panulih K. T. Achaya, [[Wiracarita India Mahabharata|wiracarita India ''Mahabharata'']] manyabuik contoh nasi jo dagiang nan dimasak basamo. Manuruik Achaya juo mancataik baso istilah "''pulao''" atau "''pallao''" digunokan untuak marujuak pado hidangan nasi dalam [[Sanskerta]] kuno, sarupo ''Yājñavalkya Smṛti''.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Indian Food: A Historical Companion|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=-cFcH2ZHWLcC&redir_esc=y|publisher=Oxford University Press|date=1994|isbn=978-0-19-562845-6|language=en|first=K. T.|last=Achaya}}</ref> Tatapi, manuruik panulih makanan [[Colleen Taylor Sen]] jo [[Charles]] Perrault, basamo jo ahli teori sosial [[Ashis Nandy]], bapandapek baso iko indak sarupo jo makna jo sijarah nan takaik jo ''plov'' sabuah hidangan nan baru muncua dalam catatan India sasudah panakluakan [[Asia Tangah]] salamo [[Abaik Patangahan]].<ref>{{Cite book|title=Feasts and Fasts: A History of Food in India|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=VN_vCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA164&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false|publisher=Reaktion Books|date=2014-11-15|isbn=978-1-78023-391-8|language=en|first=Colleen Taylor|last=Sen}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1994-12-15-fo-9100-story.html|title=Annual Cookbook Issue : BOOK REVIEW : An Armchair Guide to the Indian Table : INDIAN FOOD: A Historical Companion By K. T. Achaya (Oxford University Press: 1994; $35; 290 pp.)|last=Perry|first=Charles|date=1994-12-15|website=Los Angeles Times|language=en-US|access-date=2026-11-01}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Nandy|first=Ashis|date=2004-05-01|title=The Changing Popular Culture of Indian Food: Preliminary Notes|url=https://doi.org/10.1177/0262728004042760|journal=South Asia Research|language=EN|publisher=SAGE Publications India|volume=24|issue=1|pages=9–19|doi=10.1177/0262728004042760|issn=0262-7280}}</ref> Baitu juo, pado abaik ka-4 SM, [[Aleksander nan Aguang|Alexander Agung]] jo pasukannyo sangaik kagum jo ''plov'' nan barasa dari Baktria jo Sogdiana sahinggo tantaranyo mambaok resep tu baliak ka [[Republik Makedonia|Makedonia]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|title=Cumin, Camels, and Caravans: A Spice Odyssey|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=e-glDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA135&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false|publisher=Univ of California Press|date=2014-04-07|isbn=978-0-520-26720-6|language=en|first=Gary Paul|last=Nabhan}}</ref> Ado pulo catatan nan manunjuakkan baso [[Aleksander nan Aguang|Alexander]] mampakenalkan ''plov'' ka Samarkand, tatapi, sejarawan seni [[John Boardman]] maanggap carito-carito iko sabagai [[apokrifa]].<ref group="Buku">Boardman 2019, hlm.&#x20;102.</ref> Resep paliang awal nan didokumentasikan untuak ''plov'' ''ko'' barasa dari sarjana [[Persia]] abaik ka-10 [[Ibnu Sina]]. Dalam risalah ilmu medisnyo, inyo mandedikasikan kasado bagian untuak manyiapkan babagai masakan, tamasuak babarapo jenis ''plov'', sambia manjalehkan manfaat jo kakurangan satiok bahan nan digunoannyo. Karano, urang Persia maanggap [[Ibnu Sina]] ko sabagai "apak" dari ''plov'' moderen.<ref name=":1" /> Teks-teks bahaso [[Arab]] abaik ka-13 manggambarkan konsistensi ideal dari ''plov'' baso bantuaknyo ko sarupo jo [[marica]] dan babeda satu samo lain, indak manggumpa.<ref>{{Cite news|title=How to cook perfect pilaf|url=https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/wordofmouth/2012/sep/27/how-to-cook-perfect-pilaf|newspaper=The Guardian|date=2012-09-26|access-date=2026-11-01|issn=0261-3077|language=en-GB|first=Felicity|last=Cloake}}</ref>Sumber lain untuak makanan ''plov'' ko manjalehan kalau iko barasa dari filsuf [[Iran]] abaik ka-17 [[Molla Sadra]].<ref>{{Cite book|title=Classical Turkish Cooking: Traditional Turkish Food for the America|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=gn49svh2_KUC&pg=PT13&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false|publisher=Harper Collins|date=2013-07-30|isbn=978-0-06-203911-8|language=en|first=Ayla|last=Algar}}</ref> Salamo batahun-tahun, ''plov'' manjadi makanan pokok di sado wilayah [[Timur Tangah]] jo [[Transkaukasia]], salamo batahun tahun mangalami babagai parubahan dek urang Persia, [[Arab]], [[Turki]], jo [[Armenia]]. Pado maso [[Uni Soviet]], masakan ko versi [[Asia Tangah]] tasebar ka sadonyo wilayah republik Soviet, manjadi perlengkapan umum dalam masakan Soviet. == Rujukan == <references />Buku [[Kategori:Bulan Asia Wikipedia 2026]]Catatan dc7x3hsdnwtjmlakxeq0axe8gs1a2a9 3353466 3353465 2026-11-01T11:49:05Z Afdhal Sy 20915 3353466 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Berkas:Punjabi pullao.JPG|jmpl|''Pullao'' dari Punjab, [[Pakistan]]]] [[Berkas:Bulgur pilavı.JPG|jmpl|''Pilaf'' dari [[bulgur]] (masakan Turki)]] '''Plov''' ([[bahaso Rusia]]: ''плов''), '''Pilaf''' ([[bahaso Persia]]: ''پلو'') atau '''polao''', '''pullao''', '''pilau''', '''pilav''', '''pilaff''' adolah makanan dari [[bareh]] atau bulgur nan ditumih jo rampah-rampah jo minyak samin sampai kuniang sasudah ditanak jo [[kuah kaldu]]. Makanan ko ini sangaik umum dalam masakan [[Timur Tangah]], [[Asia Tangah]], [[Asia Salatan]], [[Afrika Timur]] jo [[Amerika Latin]]. Plov ko dapat memakai sayua bacampua jo dagiang (ayam, domba, dan kambiang), makanan lauik (udang, karang), atau sayua sajo. Plov ko barasa dari masakan Persia kuno sabalun manyebar ka [[Uzbekistan]], [[Azerbaijan]] , [[Turkmenistan]] jo [[Rusia]] disikonyo manjadi makanan khasnyo. Namonyo ko barasa dari ''pilau'' (kato dalam [[bahaso Turki]]) nan bararti manumih jo lamak jawi atau [[minyak manih]] sabalun batanak nasi, supayo harum jo mambuek [[nasi badarai]]. Bareh ditanak jo kaldu dagiang jawi atau ayam.<ref>{{Cite book|title=The Ultimate Rice Cooker Cookbook|url=http://archive.org/details/ultimatericecook00hens_0|publisher=Harvard Common Press|date=2002-01-01|isbn=978-1-55832-202-8|last=Internet Archive|last2=Julie Kaufmann}}</ref> Iko marupoan makanan pokok jo makanan nan terkenal di [[Afganistan|Afghanistan]], [[Albania]], [[Armenia]], [[Azerbaijan]], [[Bangladesh]], [[Bulgaria]], [[Republik Rakyaik Cino|Cino]] (khususnyo di [[Xinjiang]]), [[Siprus]], [[Georgia]], [[Yunani]] (tarutamo di [[Kreta]]), [[India]], [[Irak]] (tarutamo di [[Kirgizstan|Kurdistan]]), [[Iran]], [[Israel]],<ref group="Buku">Gil Marks. ''Encyclopedia of Jewish Food''. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2010. {{ISBN|9780544186316}}</ref> [[Kazakhstan]], [[Kenya]], [[Pakistan]], [[Kirgizstan|Kirgistan]], [[Sarilangka]], [[Tanzania]] (tarutamo di [[Zanzibar]]), [[Tajikistan]],<ref>{{Cite book|title=World and Its Peoples|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=j894miuOqc4C&pg=PA662&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false|publisher=Marshall Cavendish|date=2006-09|isbn=978-0-7614-7571-2|language=en|first=Marshall|last=Cavendish}}</ref> [[Turki]],<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20181226023134/https://www.thespruceeats.com/turkish-style-pinto-beans-3274130</ref> [[Turkmenistan]], [[Uganda]], jo [[Uzbekistan]].<ref>{{Cite book|title=Street Food around the World: An Encyclopedia of Food and Culture: An Encyclopedia of Food and Culture|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=9XCjAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA384&redir_esc=y|publisher=ABC-CLIO|date=2013-09-09|isbn=978-1-59884-955-4|language=en|first=Bruce|last=Kraig|first2=Colleen Taylor Sen|last2=Ph.D}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=Life in a Muslim Uzbek Village: Cotton Farming After Communism CSCA|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=etV63sfgYFYC&pg=PA92&redir_esc=y|publisher=Cengage Learning|date=2010-02-26|isbn=978-0-495-09281-0|language=en|first=Russell|last=Zanca}}</ref> == Etimologi == Manuruik [[Kamus bahaso Inggirih Oxford|Kamus]] [[Kamus bahaso Inggirih Oxford|bahaso Inggirih Oxford]], Edisi Katigo ([[2006]]), kato ''pilaf'' barasa dari [[bahaso Inggirih]] salanjuiknyo diasimilasikan ka dalam bahaso Inggirih di [[Amerika Utara]] untuak marujuak pado makanan plov nan sablunyo dipinjam dari [[bahaso Turki]] ''pilav''. Niniak moyang linguistiknyo nan barasa dari [[bahaso Persia]] ''pilāf'', kini ko istilah iko labiah acok ado dalam kamus-kamus [[Amerika Utara]] daripado kato ''pilau''.<ref group="Buku">Oxford English Dictionary 2006a</ref> Samantaro itu, dalam bahaso Inggirih jo Persemakmuran, ejaan iko bakambang manjadi ''pilau. A''walnyo banamo ''pilaf'' nan punyo garih katurunan bahaso nan samo jo [[bahaso Persia]] ''pulaw'' (sacaro resmi disabuik sabagai *''palāv''*, *''pilāv''*, atau *''pulāv''* pado abaik ka-16). Garih katurunan ko manajak baliak ka [[bahaso Hindi]] pulāv (sapiriang nasi jo dagiang) jo bahaso Sanskerta ''pulāka'' (sapiriang bola nasi), nan mungkin pado gilirannyo, barasa dari [[bahaso Dravidia]].<ref group="Buku">Oxford English Dictionary 2006a</ref> Dalam [[bahaso Indonesia]], masakan ko sacaro resmi dikenal sabagai ''plov'' sasuai jo namo aslinyo di [[Azerbaijan]] walaupun istilah ''pilaf'' juo digunoan, tarutamo di kalangan [[urang Arab Indonesia]]. == Sajarah == [[Berkas:Arroz enjoyado - Morasa Poló.JPG|jmpl|''Pilav'' ala [[Persia]]]] Walaupun batanam padi alah manyebar jauah labiah awal dari [[Asia Selatan]] ka [[Asia Tangah]] jo [[Asia Barat]], pado maso [[Khilafah Abbasiyah]] caro batanak nasi alah sarupo jo gaya modern mamasak ''plov'' mulai manyebar ka saluruah wilayah nan laweh, dari [[Spanyol]] sampai [[Afganistan|Afghanistan]] hinggo akhianyo ka dunia nan labiah laweh. Di [[Spanyol]], iko dikana sabagai ''paella'',<ref group="Buku">Roger 2000, hlm.&#x20;1143.</ref><ref group="Catatan">Roger: " (p. 1143) Under the Abbassids, for example (ninth to twelfth century), during the Golden Age of Islam, there was one single empire from Afghanistan to Spain and the North of Arabia. The size of the empire allowed many foods to spread throughout the Middle East. From India, rice went to Syria, Iraq, and Iran, and eventually, it became known and cultivated all the way to Spain. .... Many dishes of that period are still prepared today with ingredients available to the common people. Some of these are vinegar preserves, roasted meat, and cooked livers, which could be bought in the streets, eaten in the shops, or taken home. Such dishes considerably influenced medieval European and Indian cookery; for example, ''paella'', which evolved from ''pulao'', and ''pilaf'' and meat patties that started out as ''samosa'' or ''sambusak''."</ref> samantaro di [[Asia Selatan]], masakan sarupo ''pilau'', ''pullao'',<ref group="Buku">Nandy 2004, hlm.&#x20;11.</ref><ref group="Catatan">Nandy: "(p. 11) All around India one finds preparations that came originally from outside South Asia. ''Kebabs'' came from West and Central Asia and underwent radical metamorphosis in the hot and dusty plains of India. So did ''biryani'' and ''pulao'', two rice preparations, usually with meat. Without them, ceremonial dining in many parts of India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh is incomplete."</ref> jo ''biryani''<ref group="Buku">Sengupta 2014, hlm.&#x20;74.</ref><ref group="Catatan">Sengupta: "(p. 74) Muslim influence on the style and substance of Indian food was profound. K.T. Achaya writes that the Muslims imported a new refinement and a courtly etiquette of both group and individual dining into the austere dining ambience of Hindu society. ... Babur's son, Humayun, came back to India after spending a long period of exile in Kabul and the Safavid imperial court in Iran. He brought with him an entourage of Persian cooks who introduced the rich and elaborate rice cookery of the Safavid courts to India, combining Indian spices and Persian arts into a rich fusion that became the iconic dish of Islamic South Asian cuisine, the ''biryani''."</ref> bakambang dari tradisi ko. Manuruik panulih K. T. Achaya, [[Wiracarita India Mahabharata|wiracarita India ''Mahabharata'']] manyabuik contoh nasi jo dagiang nan dimasak basamo. Manuruik Achaya juo mancataik baso istilah "''pulao''" atau "''pallao''" digunokan untuak marujuak pado hidangan nasi dalam [[Sanskerta]] kuno, sarupo ''Yājñavalkya Smṛti''.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Indian Food: A Historical Companion|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=-cFcH2ZHWLcC&redir_esc=y|publisher=Oxford University Press|date=1994|isbn=978-0-19-562845-6|language=en|first=K. T.|last=Achaya}}</ref> Tatapi, manuruik panulih makanan [[Colleen Taylor Sen]] jo [[Charles]] Perrault, basamo jo ahli teori sosial [[Ashis Nandy]], bapandapek baso iko indak sarupo jo makna jo sijarah nan takaik jo ''plov'' sabuah hidangan nan baru muncua dalam catatan India sasudah panakluakan [[Asia Tangah]] salamo [[Abaik Patangahan]].<ref>{{Cite book|title=Feasts and Fasts: A History of Food in India|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=VN_vCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA164&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false|publisher=Reaktion Books|date=2014-11-15|isbn=978-1-78023-391-8|language=en|first=Colleen Taylor|last=Sen}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1994-12-15-fo-9100-story.html|title=Annual Cookbook Issue : BOOK REVIEW : An Armchair Guide to the Indian Table : INDIAN FOOD: A Historical Companion By K. T. Achaya (Oxford University Press: 1994; $35; 290 pp.)|last=Perry|first=Charles|date=1994-12-15|website=Los Angeles Times|language=en-US|access-date=2026-11-01}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Nandy|first=Ashis|date=2004-05-01|title=The Changing Popular Culture of Indian Food: Preliminary Notes|url=https://doi.org/10.1177/0262728004042760|journal=South Asia Research|language=EN|publisher=SAGE Publications India|volume=24|issue=1|pages=9–19|doi=10.1177/0262728004042760|issn=0262-7280}}</ref> Baitu juo, pado abaik ka-4 SM, [[Aleksander nan Aguang|Alexander Agung]] jo pasukannyo sangaik kagum jo ''plov'' nan barasa dari Baktria jo Sogdiana sahinggo tantaranyo mambaok resep tu baliak ka [[Republik Makedonia|Makedonia]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|title=Cumin, Camels, and Caravans: A Spice Odyssey|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=e-glDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA135&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false|publisher=Univ of California Press|date=2014-04-07|isbn=978-0-520-26720-6|language=en|first=Gary Paul|last=Nabhan}}</ref> Ado pulo catatan nan manunjuakkan baso [[Aleksander nan Aguang|Alexander]] mampakenalkan ''plov'' ka Samarkand, tatapi, sejarawan seni [[John Boardman]] maanggap carito-carito iko sabagai [[apokrifa]].<ref group="Buku">Boardman 2019, hlm.&#x20;102.</ref> Resep paliang awal nan didokumentasikan untuak ''plov'' ''ko'' barasa dari sarjana [[Persia]] abaik ka-10 [[Ibnu Sina]]. Dalam risalah ilmu medisnyo, inyo mandedikasikan kasado bagian untuak manyiapkan babagai masakan, tamasuak babarapo jenis ''plov'', sambia manjalehkan manfaat jo kakurangan satiok bahan nan digunoannyo. Karano, urang Persia maanggap [[Ibnu Sina]] ko sabagai "apak" dari ''plov'' moderen.<ref name=":1" /> Teks-teks bahaso [[Arab]] abaik ka-13 manggambarkan konsistensi ideal dari ''plov'' baso bantuaknyo ko sarupo jo [[marica]] dan babeda satu samo lain, indak manggumpa.<ref>{{Cite news|title=How to cook perfect pilaf|url=https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/wordofmouth/2012/sep/27/how-to-cook-perfect-pilaf|newspaper=The Guardian|date=2012-09-26|access-date=2026-11-01|issn=0261-3077|language=en-GB|first=Felicity|last=Cloake}}</ref>Sumber lain untuak makanan ''plov'' ko manjalehan kalau iko barasa dari filsuf [[Iran]] abaik ka-17 [[Molla Sadra]].<ref>{{Cite book|title=Classical Turkish Cooking: Traditional Turkish Food for the America|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=gn49svh2_KUC&pg=PT13&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false|publisher=Harper Collins|date=2013-07-30|isbn=978-0-06-203911-8|language=en|first=Ayla|last=Algar}}</ref> Salamo batahun-tahun, ''plov'' manjadi makanan pokok di sado wilayah [[Timur Tangah]] jo [[Transkaukasia]], salamo batahun tahun mangalami babagai parubahan dek urang Persia, [[Arab]], [[Turki]], jo [[Armenia]]. Pado maso [[Uni Soviet]], masakan ko versi [[Asia Tangah]] tasebar ka sadonyo wilayah republik Soviet, manjadi perlengkapan umum dalam masakan Soviet. == Rujukan == <references /> == Buku == [[Kategori:Bulan Asia Wikipedia 2026]] == Catatan == efw8z5cp3vvc2qfw5io3r8cimec1etg 3353467 3353466 2026-11-01T11:49:24Z Afdhal Sy 20915 3353467 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Berkas:Punjabi pullao.JPG|jmpl|''Pullao'' dari Punjab, [[Pakistan]]]] [[Berkas:Bulgur pilavı.JPG|jmpl|''Pilaf'' dari [[bulgur]] (masakan Turki)]] '''Plov''' ([[bahaso Rusia]]: ''плов''), '''Pilaf''' ([[bahaso Persia]]: ''پلو'') atau '''polao''', '''pullao''', '''pilau''', '''pilav''', '''pilaff''' adolah makanan dari [[bareh]] atau bulgur nan ditumih jo rampah-rampah jo minyak samin sampai kuniang sasudah ditanak jo [[kuah kaldu]]. Makanan ko ini sangaik umum dalam masakan [[Timur Tangah]], [[Asia Tangah]], [[Asia Salatan]], [[Afrika Timur]] jo [[Amerika Latin]]. Plov ko dapat memakai sayua bacampua jo dagiang (ayam, domba, dan kambiang), makanan lauik (udang, karang), atau sayua sajo. Plov ko barasa dari masakan Persia kuno sabalun manyebar ka [[Uzbekistan]], [[Azerbaijan]] , [[Turkmenistan]] jo [[Rusia]] disikonyo manjadi makanan khasnyo. Namonyo ko barasa dari ''pilau'' (kato dalam [[bahaso Turki]]) nan bararti manumih jo lamak jawi atau [[minyak manih]] sabalun batanak nasi, supayo harum jo mambuek [[nasi badarai]]. Bareh ditanak jo kaldu dagiang jawi atau ayam.<ref>{{Cite book|title=The Ultimate Rice Cooker Cookbook|url=http://archive.org/details/ultimatericecook00hens_0|publisher=Harvard Common Press|date=2002-01-01|isbn=978-1-55832-202-8|last=Internet Archive|last2=Julie Kaufmann}}</ref> Iko marupoan makanan pokok jo makanan nan terkenal di [[Afganistan|Afghanistan]], [[Albania]], [[Armenia]], [[Azerbaijan]], [[Bangladesh]], [[Bulgaria]], [[Republik Rakyaik Cino|Cino]] (khususnyo di [[Xinjiang]]), [[Siprus]], [[Georgia]], [[Yunani]] (tarutamo di [[Kreta]]), [[India]], [[Irak]] (tarutamo di [[Kirgizstan|Kurdistan]]), [[Iran]], [[Israel]],<ref group="Buku">Gil Marks. ''Encyclopedia of Jewish Food''. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2010. {{ISBN|9780544186316}}</ref> [[Kazakhstan]], [[Kenya]], [[Pakistan]], [[Kirgizstan|Kirgistan]], [[Sarilangka]], [[Tanzania]] (tarutamo di [[Zanzibar]]), [[Tajikistan]],<ref>{{Cite book|title=World and Its Peoples|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=j894miuOqc4C&pg=PA662&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false|publisher=Marshall Cavendish|date=2006-09|isbn=978-0-7614-7571-2|language=en|first=Marshall|last=Cavendish}}</ref> [[Turki]],<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20181226023134/https://www.thespruceeats.com/turkish-style-pinto-beans-3274130</ref> [[Turkmenistan]], [[Uganda]], jo [[Uzbekistan]].<ref>{{Cite book|title=Street Food around the World: An Encyclopedia of Food and Culture: An Encyclopedia of Food and Culture|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=9XCjAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA384&redir_esc=y|publisher=ABC-CLIO|date=2013-09-09|isbn=978-1-59884-955-4|language=en|first=Bruce|last=Kraig|first2=Colleen Taylor Sen|last2=Ph.D}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=Life in a Muslim Uzbek Village: Cotton Farming After Communism CSCA|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=etV63sfgYFYC&pg=PA92&redir_esc=y|publisher=Cengage Learning|date=2010-02-26|isbn=978-0-495-09281-0|language=en|first=Russell|last=Zanca}}</ref> == Etimologi == Manuruik [[Kamus bahaso Inggirih Oxford|Kamus]] [[Kamus bahaso Inggirih Oxford|bahaso Inggirih Oxford]], Edisi Katigo ([[2006]]), kato ''pilaf'' barasa dari [[bahaso Inggirih]] salanjuiknyo diasimilasikan ka dalam bahaso Inggirih di [[Amerika Utara]] untuak marujuak pado makanan plov nan sablunyo dipinjam dari [[bahaso Turki]] ''pilav''. Niniak moyang linguistiknyo nan barasa dari [[bahaso Persia]] ''pilāf'', kini ko istilah iko labiah acok ado dalam kamus-kamus [[Amerika Utara]] daripado kato ''pilau''.<ref group="Buku">Oxford English Dictionary 2006a</ref> Samantaro itu, dalam bahaso Inggirih jo Persemakmuran, ejaan iko bakambang manjadi ''pilau. A''walnyo banamo ''pilaf'' nan punyo garih katurunan bahaso nan samo jo [[bahaso Persia]] ''pulaw'' (sacaro resmi disabuik sabagai *''palāv''*, *''pilāv''*, atau *''pulāv''* pado abaik ka-16). Garih katurunan ko manajak baliak ka [[bahaso Hindi]] pulāv (sapiriang nasi jo dagiang) jo bahaso Sanskerta ''pulāka'' (sapiriang bola nasi), nan mungkin pado gilirannyo, barasa dari [[bahaso Dravidia]].<ref group="Buku">Oxford English Dictionary 2006a</ref> Dalam [[bahaso Indonesia]], masakan ko sacaro resmi dikenal sabagai ''plov'' sasuai jo namo aslinyo di [[Azerbaijan]] walaupun istilah ''pilaf'' juo digunoan, tarutamo di kalangan [[urang Arab Indonesia]]. == Sajarah == [[Berkas:Arroz enjoyado - Morasa Poló.JPG|jmpl|''Pilav'' ala [[Persia]]]] Walaupun batanam padi alah manyebar jauah labiah awal dari [[Asia Selatan]] ka [[Asia Tangah]] jo [[Asia Barat]], pado maso [[Khilafah Abbasiyah]] caro batanak nasi alah sarupo jo gaya modern mamasak ''plov'' mulai manyebar ka saluruah wilayah nan laweh, dari [[Spanyol]] sampai [[Afganistan|Afghanistan]] hinggo akhianyo ka dunia nan labiah laweh. Di [[Spanyol]], iko dikana sabagai ''paella'',<ref group="Buku">Roger 2000, hlm.&#x20;1143.</ref><ref group="Catatan">Roger: " (p. 1143) Under the Abbassids, for example (ninth to twelfth century), during the Golden Age of Islam, there was one single empire from Afghanistan to Spain and the North of Arabia. The size of the empire allowed many foods to spread throughout the Middle East. From India, rice went to Syria, Iraq, and Iran, and eventually, it became known and cultivated all the way to Spain. .... Many dishes of that period are still prepared today with ingredients available to the common people. Some of these are vinegar preserves, roasted meat, and cooked livers, which could be bought in the streets, eaten in the shops, or taken home. Such dishes considerably influenced medieval European and Indian cookery; for example, ''paella'', which evolved from ''pulao'', and ''pilaf'' and meat patties that started out as ''samosa'' or ''sambusak''."</ref> samantaro di [[Asia Selatan]], masakan sarupo ''pilau'', ''pullao'',<ref group="Buku">Nandy 2004, hlm.&#x20;11.</ref><ref group="Catatan">Nandy: "(p. 11) All around India one finds preparations that came originally from outside South Asia. ''Kebabs'' came from West and Central Asia and underwent radical metamorphosis in the hot and dusty plains of India. So did ''biryani'' and ''pulao'', two rice preparations, usually with meat. Without them, ceremonial dining in many parts of India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh is incomplete."</ref> jo ''biryani''<ref group="Buku">Sengupta 2014, hlm.&#x20;74.</ref><ref group="Catatan">Sengupta: "(p. 74) Muslim influence on the style and substance of Indian food was profound. K.T. Achaya writes that the Muslims imported a new refinement and a courtly etiquette of both group and individual dining into the austere dining ambience of Hindu society. ... Babur's son, Humayun, came back to India after spending a long period of exile in Kabul and the Safavid imperial court in Iran. He brought with him an entourage of Persian cooks who introduced the rich and elaborate rice cookery of the Safavid courts to India, combining Indian spices and Persian arts into a rich fusion that became the iconic dish of Islamic South Asian cuisine, the ''biryani''."</ref> bakambang dari tradisi ko. Manuruik panulih K. T. Achaya, [[Wiracarita India Mahabharata|wiracarita India ''Mahabharata'']] manyabuik contoh nasi jo dagiang nan dimasak basamo. Manuruik Achaya juo mancataik baso istilah "''pulao''" atau "''pallao''" digunokan untuak marujuak pado hidangan nasi dalam [[Sanskerta]] kuno, sarupo ''Yājñavalkya Smṛti''.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Indian Food: A Historical Companion|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=-cFcH2ZHWLcC&redir_esc=y|publisher=Oxford University Press|date=1994|isbn=978-0-19-562845-6|language=en|first=K. T.|last=Achaya}}</ref> Tatapi, manuruik panulih makanan [[Colleen Taylor Sen]] jo [[Charles]] Perrault, basamo jo ahli teori sosial [[Ashis Nandy]], bapandapek baso iko indak sarupo jo makna jo sijarah nan takaik jo ''plov'' sabuah hidangan nan baru muncua dalam catatan India sasudah panakluakan [[Asia Tangah]] salamo [[Abaik Patangahan]].<ref>{{Cite book|title=Feasts and Fasts: A History of Food in India|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=VN_vCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA164&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false|publisher=Reaktion Books|date=2014-11-15|isbn=978-1-78023-391-8|language=en|first=Colleen Taylor|last=Sen}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1994-12-15-fo-9100-story.html|title=Annual Cookbook Issue : BOOK REVIEW : An Armchair Guide to the Indian Table : INDIAN FOOD: A Historical Companion By K. T. Achaya (Oxford University Press: 1994; $35; 290 pp.)|last=Perry|first=Charles|date=1994-12-15|website=Los Angeles Times|language=en-US|access-date=2026-11-01}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Nandy|first=Ashis|date=2004-05-01|title=The Changing Popular Culture of Indian Food: Preliminary Notes|url=https://doi.org/10.1177/0262728004042760|journal=South Asia Research|language=EN|publisher=SAGE Publications India|volume=24|issue=1|pages=9–19|doi=10.1177/0262728004042760|issn=0262-7280}}</ref> Baitu juo, pado abaik ka-4 SM, [[Aleksander nan Aguang|Alexander Agung]] jo pasukannyo sangaik kagum jo ''plov'' nan barasa dari Baktria jo Sogdiana sahinggo tantaranyo mambaok resep tu baliak ka [[Republik Makedonia|Makedonia]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|title=Cumin, Camels, and Caravans: A Spice Odyssey|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=e-glDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA135&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false|publisher=Univ of California Press|date=2014-04-07|isbn=978-0-520-26720-6|language=en|first=Gary Paul|last=Nabhan}}</ref> Ado pulo catatan nan manunjuakkan baso [[Aleksander nan Aguang|Alexander]] mampakenalkan ''plov'' ka Samarkand, tatapi, sejarawan seni [[John Boardman]] maanggap carito-carito iko sabagai [[apokrifa]].<ref group="Buku">Boardman 2019, hlm.&#x20;102.</ref> Resep paliang awal nan didokumentasikan untuak ''plov'' ''ko'' barasa dari sarjana [[Persia]] abaik ka-10 [[Ibnu Sina]]. Dalam risalah ilmu medisnyo, inyo mandedikasikan kasado bagian untuak manyiapkan babagai masakan, tamasuak babarapo jenis ''plov'', sambia manjalehkan manfaat jo kakurangan satiok bahan nan digunoannyo. Karano, urang Persia maanggap [[Ibnu Sina]] ko sabagai "apak" dari ''plov'' moderen.<ref name=":1" /> Teks-teks bahaso [[Arab]] abaik ka-13 manggambarkan konsistensi ideal dari ''plov'' baso bantuaknyo ko sarupo jo [[marica]] dan babeda satu samo lain, indak manggumpa.<ref>{{Cite news|title=How to cook perfect pilaf|url=https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/wordofmouth/2012/sep/27/how-to-cook-perfect-pilaf|newspaper=The Guardian|date=2012-09-26|access-date=2026-11-01|issn=0261-3077|language=en-GB|first=Felicity|last=Cloake}}</ref>Sumber lain untuak makanan ''plov'' ko manjalehan kalau iko barasa dari filsuf [[Iran]] abaik ka-17 [[Molla Sadra]].<ref>{{Cite book|title=Classical Turkish Cooking: Traditional Turkish Food for the America|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=gn49svh2_KUC&pg=PT13&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false|publisher=Harper Collins|date=2013-07-30|isbn=978-0-06-203911-8|language=en|first=Ayla|last=Algar}}</ref> Salamo batahun-tahun, ''plov'' manjadi makanan pokok di sado wilayah [[Timur Tangah]] jo [[Transkaukasia]], salamo batahun tahun mangalami babagai parubahan dek urang Persia, [[Arab]], [[Turki]], jo [[Armenia]]. Pado maso [[Uni Soviet]], masakan ko versi [[Asia Tangah]] tasebar ka sadonyo wilayah republik Soviet, manjadi perlengkapan umum dalam masakan Soviet. == Rujukan == <references /> == Buku == [[Kategori:Bulan Asia Wikipedia 2026]] Catatan 1w1hz98xz8i6dyc0gklvr2cgogrqjqm 3353468 3353467 2026-11-01T11:49:49Z Afdhal Sy 20915 3353468 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Berkas:Punjabi pullao.JPG|jmpl|''Pullao'' dari Punjab, [[Pakistan]]]] [[Berkas:Bulgur pilavı.JPG|jmpl|''Pilaf'' dari [[bulgur]] (masakan Turki)]] '''Plov''' ([[bahaso Rusia]]: ''плов''), '''Pilaf''' ([[bahaso Persia]]: ''پلو'') atau '''polao''', '''pullao''', '''pilau''', '''pilav''', '''pilaff''' adolah makanan dari [[bareh]] atau bulgur nan ditumih jo rampah-rampah jo minyak samin sampai kuniang sasudah ditanak jo [[kuah kaldu]]. Makanan ko ini sangaik umum dalam masakan [[Timur Tangah]], [[Asia Tangah]], [[Asia Salatan]], [[Afrika Timur]] jo [[Amerika Latin]]. Plov ko dapat memakai sayua bacampua jo dagiang (ayam, domba, dan kambiang), makanan lauik (udang, karang), atau sayua sajo. Plov ko barasa dari masakan Persia kuno sabalun manyebar ka [[Uzbekistan]], [[Azerbaijan]] , [[Turkmenistan]] jo [[Rusia]] disikonyo manjadi makanan khasnyo. Namonyo ko barasa dari ''pilau'' (kato dalam [[bahaso Turki]]) nan bararti manumih jo lamak jawi atau [[minyak manih]] sabalun batanak nasi, supayo harum jo mambuek [[nasi badarai]]. Bareh ditanak jo kaldu dagiang jawi atau ayam.<ref>{{Cite book|title=The Ultimate Rice Cooker Cookbook|url=http://archive.org/details/ultimatericecook00hens_0|publisher=Harvard Common Press|date=2002-01-01|isbn=978-1-55832-202-8|last=Internet Archive|last2=Julie Kaufmann}}</ref> Iko marupoan makanan pokok jo makanan nan terkenal di [[Afganistan|Afghanistan]], [[Albania]], [[Armenia]], [[Azerbaijan]], [[Bangladesh]], [[Bulgaria]], [[Republik Rakyaik Cino|Cino]] (khususnyo di [[Xinjiang]]), [[Siprus]], [[Georgia]], [[Yunani]] (tarutamo di [[Kreta]]), [[India]], [[Irak]] (tarutamo di [[Kirgizstan|Kurdistan]]), [[Iran]], [[Israel]],<ref group="Buku">Gil Marks. ''Encyclopedia of Jewish Food''. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2010. {{ISBN|9780544186316}}</ref> [[Kazakhstan]], [[Kenya]], [[Pakistan]], [[Kirgizstan|Kirgistan]], [[Sarilangka]], [[Tanzania]] (tarutamo di [[Zanzibar]]), [[Tajikistan]],<ref>{{Cite book|title=World and Its Peoples|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=j894miuOqc4C&pg=PA662&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false|publisher=Marshall Cavendish|date=2006-09|isbn=978-0-7614-7571-2|language=en|first=Marshall|last=Cavendish}}</ref> [[Turki]],<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20181226023134/https://www.thespruceeats.com/turkish-style-pinto-beans-3274130</ref> [[Turkmenistan]], [[Uganda]], jo [[Uzbekistan]].<ref>{{Cite book|title=Street Food around the World: An Encyclopedia of Food and Culture: An Encyclopedia of Food and Culture|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=9XCjAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA384&redir_esc=y|publisher=ABC-CLIO|date=2013-09-09|isbn=978-1-59884-955-4|language=en|first=Bruce|last=Kraig|first2=Colleen Taylor Sen|last2=Ph.D}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=Life in a Muslim Uzbek Village: Cotton Farming After Communism CSCA|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=etV63sfgYFYC&pg=PA92&redir_esc=y|publisher=Cengage Learning|date=2010-02-26|isbn=978-0-495-09281-0|language=en|first=Russell|last=Zanca}}</ref> == Etimologi == Manuruik [[Kamus bahaso Inggirih Oxford|Kamus]] [[Kamus bahaso Inggirih Oxford|bahaso Inggirih Oxford]], Edisi Katigo ([[2006]]), kato ''pilaf'' barasa dari [[bahaso Inggirih]] salanjuiknyo diasimilasikan ka dalam bahaso Inggirih di [[Amerika Utara]] untuak marujuak pado makanan plov nan sablunyo dipinjam dari [[bahaso Turki]] ''pilav''. Niniak moyang linguistiknyo nan barasa dari [[bahaso Persia]] ''pilāf'', kini ko istilah iko labiah acok ado dalam kamus-kamus [[Amerika Utara]] daripado kato ''pilau''.<ref group="Buku">Oxford English Dictionary 2006a</ref> Samantaro itu, dalam bahaso Inggirih jo Persemakmuran, ejaan iko bakambang manjadi ''pilau. A''walnyo banamo ''pilaf'' nan punyo garih katurunan bahaso nan samo jo [[bahaso Persia]] ''pulaw'' (sacaro resmi disabuik sabagai *''palāv''*, *''pilāv''*, atau *''pulāv''* pado abaik ka-16). Garih katurunan ko manajak baliak ka [[bahaso Hindi]] pulāv (sapiriang nasi jo dagiang) jo bahaso Sanskerta ''pulāka'' (sapiriang bola nasi), nan mungkin pado gilirannyo, barasa dari [[bahaso Dravidia]].<ref group="Buku">Oxford English Dictionary 2006a</ref> Dalam [[bahaso Indonesia]], masakan ko sacaro resmi dikenal sabagai ''plov'' sasuai jo namo aslinyo di [[Azerbaijan]] walaupun istilah ''pilaf'' juo digunoan, tarutamo di kalangan [[urang Arab Indonesia]]. == Sajarah == [[Berkas:Arroz enjoyado - Morasa Poló.JPG|jmpl|''Pilav'' ala [[Persia]]]] Walaupun batanam padi alah manyebar jauah labiah awal dari [[Asia Selatan]] ka [[Asia Tangah]] jo [[Asia Barat]], pado maso [[Khilafah Abbasiyah]] caro batanak nasi alah sarupo jo gaya modern mamasak ''plov'' mulai manyebar ka saluruah wilayah nan laweh, dari [[Spanyol]] sampai [[Afganistan|Afghanistan]] hinggo akhianyo ka dunia nan labiah laweh. Di [[Spanyol]], iko dikana sabagai ''paella'',<ref group="Buku">Roger 2000, hlm.&#x20;1143.</ref><ref group="Catatan">Roger: " (p. 1143) Under the Abbassids, for example (ninth to twelfth century), during the Golden Age of Islam, there was one single empire from Afghanistan to Spain and the North of Arabia. The size of the empire allowed many foods to spread throughout the Middle East. From India, rice went to Syria, Iraq, and Iran, and eventually, it became known and cultivated all the way to Spain. .... Many dishes of that period are still prepared today with ingredients available to the common people. Some of these are vinegar preserves, roasted meat, and cooked livers, which could be bought in the streets, eaten in the shops, or taken home. Such dishes considerably influenced medieval European and Indian cookery; for example, ''paella'', which evolved from ''pulao'', and ''pilaf'' and meat patties that started out as ''samosa'' or ''sambusak''."</ref> samantaro di [[Asia Selatan]], masakan sarupo ''pilau'', ''pullao'',<ref group="Buku">Nandy 2004, hlm.&#x20;11.</ref><ref group="Catatan">Nandy: "(p. 11) All around India one finds preparations that came originally from outside South Asia. ''Kebabs'' came from West and Central Asia and underwent radical metamorphosis in the hot and dusty plains of India. So did ''biryani'' and ''pulao'', two rice preparations, usually with meat. Without them, ceremonial dining in many parts of India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh is incomplete."</ref> jo ''biryani''<ref group="Buku">Sengupta 2014, hlm.&#x20;74.</ref><ref group="Catatan">Sengupta: "(p. 74) Muslim influence on the style and substance of Indian food was profound. K.T. Achaya writes that the Muslims imported a new refinement and a courtly etiquette of both group and individual dining into the austere dining ambience of Hindu society. ... Babur's son, Humayun, came back to India after spending a long period of exile in Kabul and the Safavid imperial court in Iran. He brought with him an entourage of Persian cooks who introduced the rich and elaborate rice cookery of the Safavid courts to India, combining Indian spices and Persian arts into a rich fusion that became the iconic dish of Islamic South Asian cuisine, the ''biryani''."</ref> bakambang dari tradisi ko. Manuruik panulih K. T. Achaya, [[Wiracarita India Mahabharata|wiracarita India ''Mahabharata'']] manyabuik contoh nasi jo dagiang nan dimasak basamo. Manuruik Achaya juo mancataik baso istilah "''pulao''" atau "''pallao''" digunokan untuak marujuak pado hidangan nasi dalam [[Sanskerta]] kuno, sarupo ''Yājñavalkya Smṛti''.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Indian Food: A Historical Companion|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=-cFcH2ZHWLcC&redir_esc=y|publisher=Oxford University Press|date=1994|isbn=978-0-19-562845-6|language=en|first=K. T.|last=Achaya}}</ref> Tatapi, manuruik panulih makanan [[Colleen Taylor Sen]] jo [[Charles]] Perrault, basamo jo ahli teori sosial [[Ashis Nandy]], bapandapek baso iko indak sarupo jo makna jo sijarah nan takaik jo ''plov'' sabuah hidangan nan baru muncua dalam catatan India sasudah panakluakan [[Asia Tangah]] salamo [[Abaik Patangahan]].<ref>{{Cite book|title=Feasts and Fasts: A History of Food in India|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=VN_vCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA164&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false|publisher=Reaktion Books|date=2014-11-15|isbn=978-1-78023-391-8|language=en|first=Colleen Taylor|last=Sen}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1994-12-15-fo-9100-story.html|title=Annual Cookbook Issue : BOOK REVIEW : An Armchair Guide to the Indian Table : INDIAN FOOD: A Historical Companion By K. T. Achaya (Oxford University Press: 1994; $35; 290 pp.)|last=Perry|first=Charles|date=1994-12-15|website=Los Angeles Times|language=en-US|access-date=2026-11-01}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Nandy|first=Ashis|date=2004-05-01|title=The Changing Popular Culture of Indian Food: Preliminary Notes|url=https://doi.org/10.1177/0262728004042760|journal=South Asia Research|language=EN|publisher=SAGE Publications India|volume=24|issue=1|pages=9–19|doi=10.1177/0262728004042760|issn=0262-7280}}</ref> Baitu juo, pado abaik ka-4 SM, [[Aleksander nan Aguang|Alexander Agung]] jo pasukannyo sangaik kagum jo ''plov'' nan barasa dari Baktria jo Sogdiana sahinggo tantaranyo mambaok resep tu baliak ka [[Republik Makedonia|Makedonia]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|title=Cumin, Camels, and Caravans: A Spice Odyssey|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=e-glDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA135&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false|publisher=Univ of California Press|date=2014-04-07|isbn=978-0-520-26720-6|language=en|first=Gary Paul|last=Nabhan}}</ref> Ado pulo catatan nan manunjuakkan baso [[Aleksander nan Aguang|Alexander]] mampakenalkan ''plov'' ka Samarkand, tatapi, sejarawan seni [[John Boardman]] maanggap carito-carito iko sabagai [[apokrifa]].<ref group="Buku">Boardman 2019, hlm.&#x20;102.</ref> Resep paliang awal nan didokumentasikan untuak ''plov'' ''ko'' barasa dari sarjana [[Persia]] abaik ka-10 [[Ibnu Sina]]. Dalam risalah ilmu medisnyo, inyo mandedikasikan kasado bagian untuak manyiapkan babagai masakan, tamasuak babarapo jenis ''plov'', sambia manjalehkan manfaat jo kakurangan satiok bahan nan digunoannyo. Karano, urang Persia maanggap [[Ibnu Sina]] ko sabagai "apak" dari ''plov'' moderen.<ref name=":1" /> Teks-teks bahaso [[Arab]] abaik ka-13 manggambarkan konsistensi ideal dari ''plov'' baso bantuaknyo ko sarupo jo [[marica]] dan babeda satu samo lain, indak manggumpa.<ref>{{Cite news|title=How to cook perfect pilaf|url=https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/wordofmouth/2012/sep/27/how-to-cook-perfect-pilaf|newspaper=The Guardian|date=2012-09-26|access-date=2026-11-01|issn=0261-3077|language=en-GB|first=Felicity|last=Cloake}}</ref>Sumber lain untuak makanan ''plov'' ko manjalehan kalau iko barasa dari filsuf [[Iran]] abaik ka-17 [[Molla Sadra]].<ref>{{Cite book|title=Classical Turkish Cooking: Traditional Turkish Food for the America|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=gn49svh2_KUC&pg=PT13&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false|publisher=Harper Collins|date=2013-07-30|isbn=978-0-06-203911-8|language=en|first=Ayla|last=Algar}}</ref> Salamo batahun-tahun, ''plov'' manjadi makanan pokok di sado wilayah [[Timur Tangah]] jo [[Transkaukasia]], salamo batahun tahun mangalami babagai parubahan dek urang Persia, [[Arab]], [[Turki]], jo [[Armenia]]. Pado maso [[Uni Soviet]], masakan ko versi [[Asia Tangah]] tasebar ka sadonyo wilayah republik Soviet, manjadi perlengkapan umum dalam masakan Soviet. == Rujukan == <references /> == Buku == [[Kategori:Bulan Asia Wikipedia 2026]] == Catatan == efw8z5cp3vvc2qfw5io3r8cimec1etg 3353469 3353468 2026-11-01T11:50:08Z Afdhal Sy 20915 /* Catatan */ 3353469 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Berkas:Punjabi pullao.JPG|jmpl|''Pullao'' dari Punjab, [[Pakistan]]]] [[Berkas:Bulgur pilavı.JPG|jmpl|''Pilaf'' dari [[bulgur]] (masakan Turki)]] '''Plov''' ([[bahaso Rusia]]: ''плов''), '''Pilaf''' ([[bahaso Persia]]: ''پلو'') atau '''polao''', '''pullao''', '''pilau''', '''pilav''', '''pilaff''' adolah makanan dari [[bareh]] atau bulgur nan ditumih jo rampah-rampah jo minyak samin sampai kuniang sasudah ditanak jo [[kuah kaldu]]. Makanan ko ini sangaik umum dalam masakan [[Timur Tangah]], [[Asia Tangah]], [[Asia Salatan]], [[Afrika Timur]] jo [[Amerika Latin]]. Plov ko dapat memakai sayua bacampua jo dagiang (ayam, domba, dan kambiang), makanan lauik (udang, karang), atau sayua sajo. Plov ko barasa dari masakan Persia kuno sabalun manyebar ka [[Uzbekistan]], [[Azerbaijan]] , [[Turkmenistan]] jo [[Rusia]] disikonyo manjadi makanan khasnyo. Namonyo ko barasa dari ''pilau'' (kato dalam [[bahaso Turki]]) nan bararti manumih jo lamak jawi atau [[minyak manih]] sabalun batanak nasi, supayo harum jo mambuek [[nasi badarai]]. Bareh ditanak jo kaldu dagiang jawi atau ayam.<ref>{{Cite book|title=The Ultimate Rice Cooker Cookbook|url=http://archive.org/details/ultimatericecook00hens_0|publisher=Harvard Common Press|date=2002-01-01|isbn=978-1-55832-202-8|last=Internet Archive|last2=Julie Kaufmann}}</ref> Iko marupoan makanan pokok jo makanan nan terkenal di [[Afganistan|Afghanistan]], [[Albania]], [[Armenia]], [[Azerbaijan]], [[Bangladesh]], [[Bulgaria]], [[Republik Rakyaik Cino|Cino]] (khususnyo di [[Xinjiang]]), [[Siprus]], [[Georgia]], [[Yunani]] (tarutamo di [[Kreta]]), [[India]], [[Irak]] (tarutamo di [[Kirgizstan|Kurdistan]]), [[Iran]], [[Israel]],<ref group="Buku">Gil Marks. ''Encyclopedia of Jewish Food''. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2010. {{ISBN|9780544186316}}</ref> [[Kazakhstan]], [[Kenya]], [[Pakistan]], [[Kirgizstan|Kirgistan]], [[Sarilangka]], [[Tanzania]] (tarutamo di [[Zanzibar]]), [[Tajikistan]],<ref>{{Cite book|title=World and Its Peoples|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=j894miuOqc4C&pg=PA662&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false|publisher=Marshall Cavendish|date=2006-09|isbn=978-0-7614-7571-2|language=en|first=Marshall|last=Cavendish}}</ref> [[Turki]],<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20181226023134/https://www.thespruceeats.com/turkish-style-pinto-beans-3274130</ref> [[Turkmenistan]], [[Uganda]], jo [[Uzbekistan]].<ref>{{Cite book|title=Street Food around the World: An Encyclopedia of Food and Culture: An Encyclopedia of Food and Culture|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=9XCjAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA384&redir_esc=y|publisher=ABC-CLIO|date=2013-09-09|isbn=978-1-59884-955-4|language=en|first=Bruce|last=Kraig|first2=Colleen Taylor Sen|last2=Ph.D}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=Life in a Muslim Uzbek Village: Cotton Farming After Communism CSCA|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=etV63sfgYFYC&pg=PA92&redir_esc=y|publisher=Cengage Learning|date=2010-02-26|isbn=978-0-495-09281-0|language=en|first=Russell|last=Zanca}}</ref> == Etimologi == Manuruik [[Kamus bahaso Inggirih Oxford|Kamus]] [[Kamus bahaso Inggirih Oxford|bahaso Inggirih Oxford]], Edisi Katigo ([[2006]]), kato ''pilaf'' barasa dari [[bahaso Inggirih]] salanjuiknyo diasimilasikan ka dalam bahaso Inggirih di [[Amerika Utara]] untuak marujuak pado makanan plov nan sablunyo dipinjam dari [[bahaso Turki]] ''pilav''. Niniak moyang linguistiknyo nan barasa dari [[bahaso Persia]] ''pilāf'', kini ko istilah iko labiah acok ado dalam kamus-kamus [[Amerika Utara]] daripado kato ''pilau''.<ref group="Buku">Oxford English Dictionary 2006a</ref> Samantaro itu, dalam bahaso Inggirih jo Persemakmuran, ejaan iko bakambang manjadi ''pilau. A''walnyo banamo ''pilaf'' nan punyo garih katurunan bahaso nan samo jo [[bahaso Persia]] ''pulaw'' (sacaro resmi disabuik sabagai *''palāv''*, *''pilāv''*, atau *''pulāv''* pado abaik ka-16). Garih katurunan ko manajak baliak ka [[bahaso Hindi]] pulāv (sapiriang nasi jo dagiang) jo bahaso Sanskerta ''pulāka'' (sapiriang bola nasi), nan mungkin pado gilirannyo, barasa dari [[bahaso Dravidia]].<ref group="Buku">Oxford English Dictionary 2006a</ref> Dalam [[bahaso Indonesia]], masakan ko sacaro resmi dikenal sabagai ''plov'' sasuai jo namo aslinyo di [[Azerbaijan]] walaupun istilah ''pilaf'' juo digunoan, tarutamo di kalangan [[urang Arab Indonesia]]. == Sajarah == [[Berkas:Arroz enjoyado - Morasa Poló.JPG|jmpl|''Pilav'' ala [[Persia]]]] Walaupun batanam padi alah manyebar jauah labiah awal dari [[Asia Selatan]] ka [[Asia Tangah]] jo [[Asia Barat]], pado maso [[Khilafah Abbasiyah]] caro batanak nasi alah sarupo jo gaya modern mamasak ''plov'' mulai manyebar ka saluruah wilayah nan laweh, dari [[Spanyol]] sampai [[Afganistan|Afghanistan]] hinggo akhianyo ka dunia nan labiah laweh. Di [[Spanyol]], iko dikana sabagai ''paella'',<ref group="Buku">Roger 2000, hlm.&#x20;1143.</ref><ref group="Catatan">Roger: " (p. 1143) Under the Abbassids, for example (ninth to twelfth century), during the Golden Age of Islam, there was one single empire from Afghanistan to Spain and the North of Arabia. The size of the empire allowed many foods to spread throughout the Middle East. From India, rice went to Syria, Iraq, and Iran, and eventually, it became known and cultivated all the way to Spain. .... Many dishes of that period are still prepared today with ingredients available to the common people. Some of these are vinegar preserves, roasted meat, and cooked livers, which could be bought in the streets, eaten in the shops, or taken home. Such dishes considerably influenced medieval European and Indian cookery; for example, ''paella'', which evolved from ''pulao'', and ''pilaf'' and meat patties that started out as ''samosa'' or ''sambusak''."</ref> samantaro di [[Asia Selatan]], masakan sarupo ''pilau'', ''pullao'',<ref group="Buku">Nandy 2004, hlm.&#x20;11.</ref><ref group="Catatan">Nandy: "(p. 11) All around India one finds preparations that came originally from outside South Asia. ''Kebabs'' came from West and Central Asia and underwent radical metamorphosis in the hot and dusty plains of India. So did ''biryani'' and ''pulao'', two rice preparations, usually with meat. Without them, ceremonial dining in many parts of India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh is incomplete."</ref> jo ''biryani''<ref group="Buku">Sengupta 2014, hlm.&#x20;74.</ref><ref group="Catatan">Sengupta: "(p. 74) Muslim influence on the style and substance of Indian food was profound. K.T. Achaya writes that the Muslims imported a new refinement and a courtly etiquette of both group and individual dining into the austere dining ambience of Hindu society. ... Babur's son, Humayun, came back to India after spending a long period of exile in Kabul and the Safavid imperial court in Iran. He brought with him an entourage of Persian cooks who introduced the rich and elaborate rice cookery of the Safavid courts to India, combining Indian spices and Persian arts into a rich fusion that became the iconic dish of Islamic South Asian cuisine, the ''biryani''."</ref> bakambang dari tradisi ko. Manuruik panulih K. T. Achaya, [[Wiracarita India Mahabharata|wiracarita India ''Mahabharata'']] manyabuik contoh nasi jo dagiang nan dimasak basamo. Manuruik Achaya juo mancataik baso istilah "''pulao''" atau "''pallao''" digunokan untuak marujuak pado hidangan nasi dalam [[Sanskerta]] kuno, sarupo ''Yājñavalkya Smṛti''.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Indian Food: A Historical Companion|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=-cFcH2ZHWLcC&redir_esc=y|publisher=Oxford University Press|date=1994|isbn=978-0-19-562845-6|language=en|first=K. T.|last=Achaya}}</ref> Tatapi, manuruik panulih makanan [[Colleen Taylor Sen]] jo [[Charles]] Perrault, basamo jo ahli teori sosial [[Ashis Nandy]], bapandapek baso iko indak sarupo jo makna jo sijarah nan takaik jo ''plov'' sabuah hidangan nan baru muncua dalam catatan India sasudah panakluakan [[Asia Tangah]] salamo [[Abaik Patangahan]].<ref>{{Cite book|title=Feasts and Fasts: A History of Food in India|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=VN_vCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA164&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false|publisher=Reaktion Books|date=2014-11-15|isbn=978-1-78023-391-8|language=en|first=Colleen Taylor|last=Sen}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1994-12-15-fo-9100-story.html|title=Annual Cookbook Issue : BOOK REVIEW : An Armchair Guide to the Indian Table : INDIAN FOOD: A Historical Companion By K. T. Achaya (Oxford University Press: 1994; $35; 290 pp.)|last=Perry|first=Charles|date=1994-12-15|website=Los Angeles Times|language=en-US|access-date=2026-11-01}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Nandy|first=Ashis|date=2004-05-01|title=The Changing Popular Culture of Indian Food: Preliminary Notes|url=https://doi.org/10.1177/0262728004042760|journal=South Asia Research|language=EN|publisher=SAGE Publications India|volume=24|issue=1|pages=9–19|doi=10.1177/0262728004042760|issn=0262-7280}}</ref> Baitu juo, pado abaik ka-4 SM, [[Aleksander nan Aguang|Alexander Agung]] jo pasukannyo sangaik kagum jo ''plov'' nan barasa dari Baktria jo Sogdiana sahinggo tantaranyo mambaok resep tu baliak ka [[Republik Makedonia|Makedonia]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|title=Cumin, Camels, and Caravans: A Spice Odyssey|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=e-glDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA135&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false|publisher=Univ of California Press|date=2014-04-07|isbn=978-0-520-26720-6|language=en|first=Gary Paul|last=Nabhan}}</ref> Ado pulo catatan nan manunjuakkan baso [[Aleksander nan Aguang|Alexander]] mampakenalkan ''plov'' ka Samarkand, tatapi, sejarawan seni [[John Boardman]] maanggap carito-carito iko sabagai [[apokrifa]].<ref group="Buku">Boardman 2019, hlm.&#x20;102.</ref> Resep paliang awal nan didokumentasikan untuak ''plov'' ''ko'' barasa dari sarjana [[Persia]] abaik ka-10 [[Ibnu Sina]]. Dalam risalah ilmu medisnyo, inyo mandedikasikan kasado bagian untuak manyiapkan babagai masakan, tamasuak babarapo jenis ''plov'', sambia manjalehkan manfaat jo kakurangan satiok bahan nan digunoannyo. Karano, urang Persia maanggap [[Ibnu Sina]] ko sabagai "apak" dari ''plov'' moderen.<ref name=":1" /> Teks-teks bahaso [[Arab]] abaik ka-13 manggambarkan konsistensi ideal dari ''plov'' baso bantuaknyo ko sarupo jo [[marica]] dan babeda satu samo lain, indak manggumpa.<ref>{{Cite news|title=How to cook perfect pilaf|url=https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/wordofmouth/2012/sep/27/how-to-cook-perfect-pilaf|newspaper=The Guardian|date=2012-09-26|access-date=2026-11-01|issn=0261-3077|language=en-GB|first=Felicity|last=Cloake}}</ref>Sumber lain untuak makanan ''plov'' ko manjalehan kalau iko barasa dari filsuf [[Iran]] abaik ka-17 [[Molla Sadra]].<ref>{{Cite book|title=Classical Turkish Cooking: Traditional Turkish Food for the America|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=gn49svh2_KUC&pg=PT13&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false|publisher=Harper Collins|date=2013-07-30|isbn=978-0-06-203911-8|language=en|first=Ayla|last=Algar}}</ref> Salamo batahun-tahun, ''plov'' manjadi makanan pokok di sado wilayah [[Timur Tangah]] jo [[Transkaukasia]], salamo batahun tahun mangalami babagai parubahan dek urang Persia, [[Arab]], [[Turki]], jo [[Armenia]]. Pado maso [[Uni Soviet]], masakan ko versi [[Asia Tangah]] tasebar ka sadonyo wilayah republik Soviet, manjadi perlengkapan umum dalam masakan Soviet. == Rujukan == <references /> == Buku == [[Kategori:Bulan Asia Wikipedia 2026]] == Catatan == 747dqlc03nrnwu9vgicw61m0zxx50z7 3353470 3353469 2026-11-01T11:50:43Z Afdhal Sy 20915 3353470 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Berkas:Punjabi pullao.JPG|jmpl|''Pullao'' dari Punjab, [[Pakistan]]]] [[Berkas:Bulgur pilavı.JPG|jmpl|''Pilaf'' dari [[bulgur]] (masakan Turki)]] '''Plov''' ([[bahaso Rusia]]: ''плов''), '''Pilaf''' ([[bahaso Persia]]: ''پلو'') atau '''polao''', '''pullao''', '''pilau''', '''pilav''', '''pilaff''' adolah makanan dari [[bareh]] atau bulgur nan ditumih jo rampah-rampah jo minyak samin sampai kuniang sasudah ditanak jo [[kuah kaldu]]. Makanan ko ini sangaik umum dalam masakan [[Timur Tangah]], [[Asia Tangah]], [[Asia Salatan]], [[Afrika Timur]] jo [[Amerika Latin]]. Plov ko dapat memakai sayua bacampua jo dagiang (ayam, domba, dan kambiang), makanan lauik (udang, karang), atau sayua sajo. Plov ko barasa dari masakan Persia kuno sabalun manyebar ka [[Uzbekistan]], [[Azerbaijan]] , [[Turkmenistan]] jo [[Rusia]] disikonyo manjadi makanan khasnyo. Namonyo ko barasa dari ''pilau'' (kato dalam [[bahaso Turki]]) nan bararti manumih jo lamak jawi atau [[minyak manih]] sabalun batanak nasi, supayo harum jo mambuek [[nasi badarai]]. Bareh ditanak jo kaldu dagiang jawi atau ayam.<ref>{{Cite book|title=The Ultimate Rice Cooker Cookbook|url=http://archive.org/details/ultimatericecook00hens_0|publisher=Harvard Common Press|date=2002-01-01|isbn=978-1-55832-202-8|last=Internet Archive|last2=Julie Kaufmann}}</ref> Iko marupoan makanan pokok jo makanan nan terkenal di [[Afganistan|Afghanistan]], [[Albania]], [[Armenia]], [[Azerbaijan]], [[Bangladesh]], [[Bulgaria]], [[Republik Rakyaik Cino|Cino]] (khususnyo di [[Xinjiang]]), [[Siprus]], [[Georgia]], [[Yunani]] (tarutamo di [[Kreta]]), [[India]], [[Irak]] (tarutamo di [[Kirgizstan|Kurdistan]]), [[Iran]], [[Israel]],<ref group="Buku">Gil Marks. ''Encyclopedia of Jewish Food''. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2010. {{ISBN|9780544186316}}</ref> [[Kazakhstan]], [[Kenya]], [[Pakistan]], [[Kirgizstan|Kirgistan]], [[Sarilangka]], [[Tanzania]] (tarutamo di [[Zanzibar]]), [[Tajikistan]],<ref>{{Cite book|title=World and Its Peoples|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=j894miuOqc4C&pg=PA662&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false|publisher=Marshall Cavendish|date=2006-09|isbn=978-0-7614-7571-2|language=en|first=Marshall|last=Cavendish}}</ref> [[Turki]],<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20181226023134/https://www.thespruceeats.com/turkish-style-pinto-beans-3274130</ref> [[Turkmenistan]], [[Uganda]], jo [[Uzbekistan]].<ref>{{Cite book|title=Street Food around the World: An Encyclopedia of Food and Culture: An Encyclopedia of Food and Culture|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=9XCjAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA384&redir_esc=y|publisher=ABC-CLIO|date=2013-09-09|isbn=978-1-59884-955-4|language=en|first=Bruce|last=Kraig|first2=Colleen Taylor Sen|last2=Ph.D}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=Life in a Muslim Uzbek Village: Cotton Farming After Communism CSCA|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=etV63sfgYFYC&pg=PA92&redir_esc=y|publisher=Cengage Learning|date=2010-02-26|isbn=978-0-495-09281-0|language=en|first=Russell|last=Zanca}}</ref> == Etimologi == Manuruik [[Kamus bahaso Inggirih Oxford|Kamus]] [[Kamus bahaso Inggirih Oxford|bahaso Inggirih Oxford]], Edisi Katigo ([[2006]]), kato ''pilaf'' barasa dari [[bahaso Inggirih]] salanjuiknyo diasimilasikan ka dalam bahaso Inggirih di [[Amerika Utara]] untuak marujuak pado makanan plov nan sablunyo dipinjam dari [[bahaso Turki]] ''pilav''. Niniak moyang linguistiknyo nan barasa dari [[bahaso Persia]] ''pilāf'', kini ko istilah iko labiah acok ado dalam kamus-kamus [[Amerika Utara]] daripado kato ''pilau''.<ref group="Buku">Oxford English Dictionary 2006a</ref> Samantaro itu, dalam bahaso Inggirih jo Persemakmuran, ejaan iko bakambang manjadi ''pilau. A''walnyo banamo ''pilaf'' nan punyo garih katurunan bahaso nan samo jo [[bahaso Persia]] ''pulaw'' (sacaro resmi disabuik sabagai *''palāv''*, *''pilāv''*, atau *''pulāv''* pado abaik ka-16). Garih katurunan ko manajak baliak ka [[bahaso Hindi]] pulāv (sapiriang nasi jo dagiang) jo bahaso Sanskerta ''pulāka'' (sapiriang bola nasi), nan mungkin pado gilirannyo, barasa dari [[bahaso Dravidia]].<ref group="Buku">Oxford English Dictionary 2006a</ref> Dalam [[bahaso Indonesia]], masakan ko sacaro resmi dikenal sabagai ''plov'' sasuai jo namo aslinyo di [[Azerbaijan]] walaupun istilah ''pilaf'' juo digunoan, tarutamo di kalangan [[urang Arab Indonesia]]. == Sajarah == [[Berkas:Arroz enjoyado - Morasa Poló.JPG|jmpl|''Pilav'' ala [[Persia]]]] Walaupun batanam padi alah manyebar jauah labiah awal dari [[Asia Selatan]] ka [[Asia Tangah]] jo [[Asia Barat]], pado maso [[Khilafah Abbasiyah]] caro batanak nasi alah sarupo jo gaya modern mamasak ''plov'' mulai manyebar ka saluruah wilayah nan laweh, dari [[Spanyol]] sampai [[Afganistan|Afghanistan]] hinggo akhianyo ka dunia nan labiah laweh. Di [[Spanyol]], iko dikana sabagai ''paella'',<ref group="Buku">Roger 2000, hlm.&#x20;1143.</ref><ref group="Catatan">Roger: " (p. 1143) Under the Abbassids, for example (ninth to twelfth century), during the Golden Age of Islam, there was one single empire from Afghanistan to Spain and the North of Arabia. The size of the empire allowed many foods to spread throughout the Middle East. From India, rice went to Syria, Iraq, and Iran, and eventually, it became known and cultivated all the way to Spain. .... Many dishes of that period are still prepared today with ingredients available to the common people. Some of these are vinegar preserves, roasted meat, and cooked livers, which could be bought in the streets, eaten in the shops, or taken home. Such dishes considerably influenced medieval European and Indian cookery; for example, ''paella'', which evolved from ''pulao'', and ''pilaf'' and meat patties that started out as ''samosa'' or ''sambusak''."</ref> samantaro di [[Asia Selatan]], masakan sarupo ''pilau'', ''pullao'',<ref group="Buku">Nandy 2004, hlm.&#x20;11.</ref><ref group="Catatan">Nandy: "(p. 11) All around India one finds preparations that came originally from outside South Asia. ''Kebabs'' came from West and Central Asia and underwent radical metamorphosis in the hot and dusty plains of India. So did ''biryani'' and ''pulao'', two rice preparations, usually with meat. Without them, ceremonial dining in many parts of India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh is incomplete."</ref> jo ''biryani''<ref group="Buku">Sengupta 2014, hlm.&#x20;74.</ref><ref group="Catatan">Sengupta: "(p. 74) Muslim influence on the style and substance of Indian food was profound. K.T. Achaya writes that the Muslims imported a new refinement and a courtly etiquette of both group and individual dining into the austere dining ambience of Hindu society. ... Babur's son, Humayun, came back to India after spending a long period of exile in Kabul and the Safavid imperial court in Iran. He brought with him an entourage of Persian cooks who introduced the rich and elaborate rice cookery of the Safavid courts to India, combining Indian spices and Persian arts into a rich fusion that became the iconic dish of Islamic South Asian cuisine, the ''biryani''."</ref> bakambang dari tradisi ko. Manuruik panulih K. T. Achaya, [[Wiracarita India Mahabharata|wiracarita India ''Mahabharata'']] manyabuik contoh nasi jo dagiang nan dimasak basamo. Manuruik Achaya juo mancataik baso istilah "''pulao''" atau "''pallao''" digunokan untuak marujuak pado hidangan nasi dalam [[Sanskerta]] kuno, sarupo ''Yājñavalkya Smṛti''.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Indian Food: A Historical Companion|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=-cFcH2ZHWLcC&redir_esc=y|publisher=Oxford University Press|date=1994|isbn=978-0-19-562845-6|language=en|first=K. T.|last=Achaya}}</ref> Tatapi, manuruik panulih makanan [[Colleen Taylor Sen]] jo [[Charles]] Perrault, basamo jo ahli teori sosial [[Ashis Nandy]], bapandapek baso iko indak sarupo jo makna jo sijarah nan takaik jo ''plov'' sabuah hidangan nan baru muncua dalam catatan India sasudah panakluakan [[Asia Tangah]] salamo [[Abaik Patangahan]].<ref>{{Cite book|title=Feasts and Fasts: A History of Food in India|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=VN_vCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA164&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false|publisher=Reaktion Books|date=2014-11-15|isbn=978-1-78023-391-8|language=en|first=Colleen Taylor|last=Sen}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1994-12-15-fo-9100-story.html|title=Annual Cookbook Issue : BOOK REVIEW : An Armchair Guide to the Indian Table : INDIAN FOOD: A Historical Companion By K. T. Achaya (Oxford University Press: 1994; $35; 290 pp.)|last=Perry|first=Charles|date=1994-12-15|website=Los Angeles Times|language=en-US|access-date=2026-11-01}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Nandy|first=Ashis|date=2004-05-01|title=The Changing Popular Culture of Indian Food: Preliminary Notes|url=https://doi.org/10.1177/0262728004042760|journal=South Asia Research|language=EN|publisher=SAGE Publications India|volume=24|issue=1|pages=9–19|doi=10.1177/0262728004042760|issn=0262-7280}}</ref> Baitu juo, pado abaik ka-4 SM, [[Aleksander nan Aguang|Alexander Agung]] jo pasukannyo sangaik kagum jo ''plov'' nan barasa dari Baktria jo Sogdiana sahinggo tantaranyo mambaok resep tu baliak ka [[Republik Makedonia|Makedonia]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|title=Cumin, Camels, and Caravans: A Spice Odyssey|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=e-glDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA135&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false|publisher=Univ of California Press|date=2014-04-07|isbn=978-0-520-26720-6|language=en|first=Gary Paul|last=Nabhan}}</ref> Ado pulo catatan nan manunjuakkan baso [[Aleksander nan Aguang|Alexander]] mampakenalkan ''plov'' ka Samarkand, tatapi, sejarawan seni [[John Boardman]] maanggap carito-carito iko sabagai [[apokrifa]].<ref group="Buku">Boardman 2019, hlm.&#x20;102.</ref> Resep paliang awal nan didokumentasikan untuak ''plov'' ''ko'' barasa dari sarjana [[Persia]] abaik ka-10 [[Ibnu Sina]]. Dalam risalah ilmu medisnyo, inyo mandedikasikan kasado bagian untuak manyiapkan babagai masakan, tamasuak babarapo jenis ''plov'', sambia manjalehkan manfaat jo kakurangan satiok bahan nan digunoannyo. Karano, urang Persia maanggap [[Ibnu Sina]] ko sabagai "apak" dari ''plov'' moderen.<ref name=":1" /> Teks-teks bahaso [[Arab]] abaik ka-13 manggambarkan konsistensi ideal dari ''plov'' baso bantuaknyo ko sarupo jo [[marica]] dan babeda satu samo lain, indak manggumpa.<ref>{{Cite news|title=How to cook perfect pilaf|url=https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/wordofmouth/2012/sep/27/how-to-cook-perfect-pilaf|newspaper=The Guardian|date=2012-09-26|access-date=2026-11-01|issn=0261-3077|language=en-GB|first=Felicity|last=Cloake}}</ref>Sumber lain untuak makanan ''plov'' ko manjalehan kalau iko barasa dari filsuf [[Iran]] abaik ka-17 [[Molla Sadra]].<ref>{{Cite book|title=Classical Turkish Cooking: Traditional Turkish Food for the America|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=gn49svh2_KUC&pg=PT13&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false|publisher=Harper Collins|date=2013-07-30|isbn=978-0-06-203911-8|language=en|first=Ayla|last=Algar}}</ref> Salamo batahun-tahun, ''plov'' manjadi makanan pokok di sado wilayah [[Timur Tangah]] jo [[Transkaukasia]], salamo batahun tahun mangalami babagai parubahan dek urang Persia, [[Arab]], [[Turki]], jo [[Armenia]]. Pado maso [[Uni Soviet]], masakan ko versi [[Asia Tangah]] tasebar ka sadonyo wilayah republik Soviet, manjadi perlengkapan umum dalam masakan Soviet. == Rujukan == <references /> == Buku == [[Kategori:Bulan Asia Wikipedia 2026]] == Catatan == efw8z5cp3vvc2qfw5io3r8cimec1etg 3353471 3353470 2026-11-01T11:51:11Z Afdhal Sy 20915 3353471 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Berkas:Punjabi pullao.JPG|jmpl|''Pullao'' dari Punjab, [[Pakistan]]]] [[Berkas:Bulgur pilavı.JPG|jmpl|''Pilaf'' dari [[bulgur]] (masakan Turki)]] '''Plov''' ([[bahaso Rusia]]: ''плов''), '''Pilaf''' ([[bahaso Persia]]: ''پلو'') atau '''polao''', '''pullao''', '''pilau''', '''pilav''', '''pilaff''' adolah makanan dari [[bareh]] atau bulgur nan ditumih jo rampah-rampah jo minyak samin sampai kuniang sasudah ditanak jo [[kuah kaldu]]. Makanan ko ini sangaik umum dalam masakan [[Timur Tangah]], [[Asia Tangah]], [[Asia Salatan]], [[Afrika Timur]] jo [[Amerika Latin]]. Plov ko dapat memakai sayua bacampua jo dagiang (ayam, domba, dan kambiang), makanan lauik (udang, karang), atau sayua sajo. Plov ko barasa dari masakan Persia kuno sabalun manyebar ka [[Uzbekistan]], [[Azerbaijan]] , [[Turkmenistan]] jo [[Rusia]] disikonyo manjadi makanan khasnyo. Namonyo ko barasa dari ''pilau'' (kato dalam [[bahaso Turki]]) nan bararti manumih jo lamak jawi atau [[minyak manih]] sabalun batanak nasi, supayo harum jo mambuek [[nasi badarai]]. Bareh ditanak jo kaldu dagiang jawi atau ayam.<ref>{{Cite book|title=The Ultimate Rice Cooker Cookbook|url=http://archive.org/details/ultimatericecook00hens_0|publisher=Harvard Common Press|date=2002-01-01|isbn=978-1-55832-202-8|last=Internet Archive|last2=Julie Kaufmann}}</ref> Iko marupoan makanan pokok jo makanan nan terkenal di [[Afganistan|Afghanistan]], [[Albania]], [[Armenia]], [[Azerbaijan]], [[Bangladesh]], [[Bulgaria]], [[Republik Rakyaik Cino|Cino]] (khususnyo di [[Xinjiang]]), [[Siprus]], [[Georgia]], [[Yunani]] (tarutamo di [[Kreta]]), [[India]], [[Irak]] (tarutamo di [[Kirgizstan|Kurdistan]]), [[Iran]], [[Israel]],<ref group="Buku">Gil Marks. ''Encyclopedia of Jewish Food''. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2010. {{ISBN|9780544186316}}</ref> [[Kazakhstan]], [[Kenya]], [[Pakistan]], [[Kirgizstan|Kirgistan]], [[Sarilangka]], [[Tanzania]] (tarutamo di [[Zanzibar]]), [[Tajikistan]],<ref>{{Cite book|title=World and Its Peoples|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=j894miuOqc4C&pg=PA662&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false|publisher=Marshall Cavendish|date=2006-09|isbn=978-0-7614-7571-2|language=en|first=Marshall|last=Cavendish}}</ref> [[Turki]],<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20181226023134/https://www.thespruceeats.com/turkish-style-pinto-beans-3274130</ref> [[Turkmenistan]], [[Uganda]], jo [[Uzbekistan]].<ref>{{Cite book|title=Street Food around the World: An Encyclopedia of Food and Culture: An Encyclopedia of Food and Culture|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=9XCjAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA384&redir_esc=y|publisher=ABC-CLIO|date=2013-09-09|isbn=978-1-59884-955-4|language=en|first=Bruce|last=Kraig|first2=Colleen Taylor Sen|last2=Ph.D}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=Life in a Muslim Uzbek Village: Cotton Farming After Communism CSCA|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=etV63sfgYFYC&pg=PA92&redir_esc=y|publisher=Cengage Learning|date=2010-02-26|isbn=978-0-495-09281-0|language=en|first=Russell|last=Zanca}}</ref> == Etimologi == Manuruik [[Kamus bahaso Inggirih Oxford|Kamus]] [[Kamus bahaso Inggirih Oxford|bahaso Inggirih Oxford]], Edisi Katigo ([[2006]]), kato ''pilaf'' barasa dari [[bahaso Inggirih]] salanjuiknyo diasimilasikan ka dalam bahaso Inggirih di [[Amerika Utara]] untuak marujuak pado makanan plov nan sablunyo dipinjam dari [[bahaso Turki]] ''pilav''. Niniak moyang linguistiknyo nan barasa dari [[bahaso Persia]] ''pilāf'', kini ko istilah iko labiah acok ado dalam kamus-kamus [[Amerika Utara]] daripado kato ''pilau''.<ref group="Buku">Oxford English Dictionary 2006a</ref> Samantaro itu, dalam bahaso Inggirih jo Persemakmuran, ejaan iko bakambang manjadi ''pilau. A''walnyo banamo ''pilaf'' nan punyo garih katurunan bahaso nan samo jo [[bahaso Persia]] ''pulaw'' (sacaro resmi disabuik sabagai *''palāv''*, *''pilāv''*, atau *''pulāv''* pado abaik ka-16). Garih katurunan ko manajak baliak ka [[bahaso Hindi]] pulāv (sapiriang nasi jo dagiang) jo bahaso Sanskerta ''pulāka'' (sapiriang bola nasi), nan mungkin pado gilirannyo, barasa dari [[bahaso Dravidia]].<ref group="Buku">Oxford English Dictionary 2006a</ref> Dalam [[bahaso Indonesia]], masakan ko sacaro resmi dikenal sabagai ''plov'' sasuai jo namo aslinyo di [[Azerbaijan]] walaupun istilah ''pilaf'' juo digunoan, tarutamo di kalangan [[urang Arab Indonesia]]. == Sajarah == [[Berkas:Arroz enjoyado - Morasa Poló.JPG|jmpl|''Pilav'' ala [[Persia]]]] Walaupun batanam padi alah manyebar jauah labiah awal dari [[Asia Selatan]] ka [[Asia Tangah]] jo [[Asia Barat]], pado maso [[Khilafah Abbasiyah]] caro batanak nasi alah sarupo jo gaya modern mamasak ''plov'' mulai manyebar ka saluruah wilayah nan laweh, dari [[Spanyol]] sampai [[Afganistan|Afghanistan]] hinggo akhianyo ka dunia nan labiah laweh. Di [[Spanyol]], iko dikana sabagai ''paella'',<ref group="Buku">Roger 2000, hlm.&#x20;1143.</ref><ref group="Catatan">Roger: " (p. 1143) Under the Abbassids, for example (ninth to twelfth century), during the Golden Age of Islam, there was one single empire from Afghanistan to Spain and the North of Arabia. The size of the empire allowed many foods to spread throughout the Middle East. From India, rice went to Syria, Iraq, and Iran, and eventually, it became known and cultivated all the way to Spain. .... Many dishes of that period are still prepared today with ingredients available to the common people. Some of these are vinegar preserves, roasted meat, and cooked livers, which could be bought in the streets, eaten in the shops, or taken home. Such dishes considerably influenced medieval European and Indian cookery; for example, ''paella'', which evolved from ''pulao'', and ''pilaf'' and meat patties that started out as ''samosa'' or ''sambusak''."</ref> samantaro di [[Asia Selatan]], masakan sarupo ''pilau'', ''pullao'',<ref group="Buku">Nandy 2004, hlm.&#x20;11.</ref><ref group="Catatan">Nandy: "(p. 11) All around India one finds preparations that came originally from outside South Asia. ''Kebabs'' came from West and Central Asia and underwent radical metamorphosis in the hot and dusty plains of India. So did ''biryani'' and ''pulao'', two rice preparations, usually with meat. Without them, ceremonial dining in many parts of India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh is incomplete."</ref> jo ''biryani''<ref group="Buku">Sengupta 2014, hlm.&#x20;74.</ref><ref group="Catatan">Sengupta: "(p. 74) Muslim influence on the style and substance of Indian food was profound. K.T. Achaya writes that the Muslims imported a new refinement and a courtly etiquette of both group and individual dining into the austere dining ambience of Hindu society. ... Babur's son, Humayun, came back to India after spending a long period of exile in Kabul and the Safavid imperial court in Iran. He brought with him an entourage of Persian cooks who introduced the rich and elaborate rice cookery of the Safavid courts to India, combining Indian spices and Persian arts into a rich fusion that became the iconic dish of Islamic South Asian cuisine, the ''biryani''."</ref> bakambang dari tradisi ko. Manuruik panulih K. T. Achaya, [[Wiracarita India Mahabharata|wiracarita India ''Mahabharata'']] manyabuik contoh nasi jo dagiang nan dimasak basamo. Manuruik Achaya juo mancataik baso istilah "''pulao''" atau "''pallao''" digunokan untuak marujuak pado hidangan nasi dalam [[Sanskerta]] kuno, sarupo ''Yājñavalkya Smṛti''.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Indian Food: A Historical Companion|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=-cFcH2ZHWLcC&redir_esc=y|publisher=Oxford University Press|date=1994|isbn=978-0-19-562845-6|language=en|first=K. T.|last=Achaya}}</ref> Tatapi, manuruik panulih makanan [[Colleen Taylor Sen]] jo [[Charles]] Perrault, basamo jo ahli teori sosial [[Ashis Nandy]], bapandapek baso iko indak sarupo jo makna jo sijarah nan takaik jo ''plov'' sabuah hidangan nan baru muncua dalam catatan India sasudah panakluakan [[Asia Tangah]] salamo [[Abaik Patangahan]].<ref>{{Cite book|title=Feasts and Fasts: A History of Food in India|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=VN_vCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA164&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false|publisher=Reaktion Books|date=2014-11-15|isbn=978-1-78023-391-8|language=en|first=Colleen Taylor|last=Sen}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1994-12-15-fo-9100-story.html|title=Annual Cookbook Issue : BOOK REVIEW : An Armchair Guide to the Indian Table : INDIAN FOOD: A Historical Companion By K. T. Achaya (Oxford University Press: 1994; $35; 290 pp.)|last=Perry|first=Charles|date=1994-12-15|website=Los Angeles Times|language=en-US|access-date=2026-11-01}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Nandy|first=Ashis|date=2004-05-01|title=The Changing Popular Culture of Indian Food: Preliminary Notes|url=https://doi.org/10.1177/0262728004042760|journal=South Asia Research|language=EN|publisher=SAGE Publications India|volume=24|issue=1|pages=9–19|doi=10.1177/0262728004042760|issn=0262-7280}}</ref> Baitu juo, pado abaik ka-4 SM, [[Aleksander nan Aguang|Alexander Agung]] jo pasukannyo sangaik kagum jo ''plov'' nan barasa dari Baktria jo Sogdiana sahinggo tantaranyo mambaok resep tu baliak ka [[Republik Makedonia|Makedonia]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|title=Cumin, Camels, and Caravans: A Spice Odyssey|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=e-glDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA135&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false|publisher=Univ of California Press|date=2014-04-07|isbn=978-0-520-26720-6|language=en|first=Gary Paul|last=Nabhan}}</ref> Ado pulo catatan nan manunjuakkan baso [[Aleksander nan Aguang|Alexander]] mampakenalkan ''plov'' ka Samarkand, tatapi, sejarawan seni [[John Boardman]] maanggap carito-carito iko sabagai [[apokrifa]].<ref group="Buku">Boardman 2019, hlm.&#x20;102.</ref> Resep paliang awal nan didokumentasikan untuak ''plov'' ''ko'' barasa dari sarjana [[Persia]] abaik ka-10 [[Ibnu Sina]]. Dalam risalah ilmu medisnyo, inyo mandedikasikan kasado bagian untuak manyiapkan babagai masakan, tamasuak babarapo jenis ''plov'', sambia manjalehkan manfaat jo kakurangan satiok bahan nan digunoannyo. Karano, urang Persia maanggap [[Ibnu Sina]] ko sabagai "apak" dari ''plov'' moderen.<ref name=":1" /> Teks-teks bahaso [[Arab]] abaik ka-13 manggambarkan konsistensi ideal dari ''plov'' baso bantuaknyo ko sarupo jo [[marica]] dan babeda satu samo lain, indak manggumpa.<ref>{{Cite news|title=How to cook perfect pilaf|url=https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/wordofmouth/2012/sep/27/how-to-cook-perfect-pilaf|newspaper=The Guardian|date=2012-09-26|access-date=2026-11-01|issn=0261-3077|language=en-GB|first=Felicity|last=Cloake}}</ref>Sumber lain untuak makanan ''plov'' ko manjalehan kalau iko barasa dari filsuf [[Iran]] abaik ka-17 [[Molla Sadra]].<ref>{{Cite book|title=Classical Turkish Cooking: Traditional Turkish Food for the America|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=gn49svh2_KUC&pg=PT13&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false|publisher=Harper Collins|date=2013-07-30|isbn=978-0-06-203911-8|language=en|first=Ayla|last=Algar}}</ref> Salamo batahun-tahun, ''plov'' manjadi makanan pokok di sado wilayah [[Timur Tangah]] jo [[Transkaukasia]], salamo batahun tahun mangalami babagai parubahan dek urang Persia, [[Arab]], [[Turki]], jo [[Armenia]]. Pado maso [[Uni Soviet]], masakan ko versi [[Asia Tangah]] tasebar ka sadonyo wilayah republik Soviet, manjadi perlengkapan umum dalam masakan Soviet. == Rujukan == <references /> == Buku == [[Kategori:Bulan Asia Wikipedia 2026]] == Catatan == 747dqlc03nrnwu9vgicw61m0zxx50z7