Wikipedija:Pjazza

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&lt;!-- AGĦMEL IL-KUMMENT TIEGĦEK TAĦT L-AĦĦAR INTERVENT LI SAR. --&gt;

== Paġna Prinċipali ==
Fuq il-paġna prinċipali hemm ''item'': Kommemorazzjonijiet...

Dan konna ħadnieh mit-Taljan:Oggi ricorre....
Ħlief għal xi ftit ġranet tas-sena dan ikun fih biss il-qaddisin ikkommemorati mill-Knisja Kattolika. Ta' min iżommu dan l-''item''?

Hemm ukoll Vetrina li rari jkun hemm xi ħaġa fiha. Nistgħu nuruha biss meta jkollna xi ħaġa x'nuru?

[[Utent:Leli Forte|Leli Forte]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:Leli Forte|d]]) 19:43, 16 Mej 2020 (UTC)
:Rigward il-Vetrina naħseb li tkun idea tajba li nippruvaw nerġgħu nqajjmuha. Fid-[[Utent:Chrisportelli/PaġnaPrinċipali|disinn il-ġdid]] li pproponejt hemma l-kaxxa tal-Vetrina però li nistgħu nagħmlu hu li kif qed tgħid int tinħeba meta ma jkunx hemm. —[[Utent:Chrisportelli|Chrisportelli]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:Chrisportelli|d]]) 06:07, 17 Mej 2020 (UTC)

:: L-aktar milli nikkunsidraw inżommux dan l-''item'' naħseb li tajjeb naraw hemmx lok li jsiru waħda minn żewġ affarijiet, jekk mhux it-tnejn: jew (a) naraw jistgħu jinħolqu paġni dwar dan il-qaddisin anke biex ma jkollnix daqs tant ħoloq ħomor fuq il-paġna prinċiali, u/jew (b) insibu mezz biex inżidu aktar magħhom flok qaddisin biss, jew kważi. Meta kont naħdem ma'/fuq aboutmalta.com kellna servizz ta' On This Day in Maltese History din kienet waħda mill-aktar paġni li kienet tiġbed nies lejha.
:: Dwar il-veterina naqbel kompletament ma' li qed tgħidu. {{irrispondi|Nevborg}} Kif għaddi r-Rebbiegħa CEE 2020 nistgħu naraw ma' WCM forsi nistgħu naraw noħolqux edit-a-tona fuq hekk, anke possibilment b'rabta ma' [[:en:Wikipedia:Vital_articles|dan li jidher hawn rigward paġni vitali għal mt.wikipedia]]. --[[Utent:ToniSant|ToniSant]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:ToniSant|d]]) 16:12, 19 Mej 2020 (UTC)

:::{{irrispondi|Chrisportelli}} Is-sena t-tajba! Bl-għajnuna ta' [[Utent:Dans]] ħdimna naqra fuq verżjoni tikka differenti minn dik li pproponejt int u jekk m'hemmx oġġezzjoni mingħandek jew xi ħadd ieħor (b'mod partikolari [[Utent:Leli Forte|Leli Forte]] (naqbel miegħek dwar il-Vetrina) u [[Utent:Nevborg|Nevborg]] (naqbel miegħek dwar il-mod kif ninvolvu lill-kommunità) li kienu parti mid-diskussjoni s'issa, allura għada filgħaxija noħorġuha għall-pubbliku bħala parti mill-ħidma li għaddejja bħalissa mill-kommunità b'rabta ma' [[Wikipedija:Wikipedia 20]]. Il-verżjoni li qed nipproponu tinstab [[Utent:Dans/Sandbox|hawn]]. Grazzi dejjem! --[[Utent:ToniSant|ToniSant]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:ToniSant|d]]) 18:19, 18 Jannar 2021 (UTC)
:::: Forsi nista' nerġa' nqajjem id-diskussjoni dwar &quot;Kommemorazzjonijiet&quot;. Araw ir-rimarka fil-bidu ta' din it-taqsima. —[[Utent:Leli Forte|Leli Forte]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:Leli Forte|d]]) 12:06, 19 Jannar 2021 (UTC)
:::::{{irrispondi|Leli Forte}} iva, grazzi. Punt tajjeb ħafna dan! Dwaru kien hemm żewġ kummenti fid-diskussjonijiet tal-kommunità illejla stess. L-ewwel huwa li hemm lok noħolqu attivitajiet biex intejbuh. Hemm il-mudell ta' 'On this day' mill-Ingliż li jidher ferm aħjar minn tat-Taljan għax rari jinkludi qaddisin.  It-tieni ħaġa hija li jekk inneħħuh ħabta u sabta il-Paġna Prinċipali taf tinħass naqra vojta.  Allura, dan li qed tgħid int huwa mhux biss punt tajjeb imma wieħed validissimu u li WCM qed tħares biex tużah fit-tfassil tal-attivitajiet tagħha.  Aktarx induru għal dan mill-ewwel wara li tgħaddi l-kampanja biex inżidu artikli dwar suġġetti essenzjali fil-Wikipedija bħala parti minn Wikipedia 20. --[[Utent:ToniSant|ToniSant]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:ToniSant|d]]) 17:16, 19 Jannar 2021 (UTC)
::::::{{irrispondi|Leli Forte}}{{irrispondi|ToniSant}} Naqbel li s-sezzjoni dwar &quot;Kommemorazzjonijiet&quot; tista titneħħa. Sa fejn naf jien din hija serje ta' files individwali li jridu jitneħħew individwalment. Jien naħseb li l-mudell Ingliż joffri iżjed varjazzjoni fit-tip ta' avvenimenti u nies li jiġu mfakkra. Naħseb ukoll li fiha ftit xogħol u ħsieb biex norganizzaw l-affarijiet sew - forsi nistgħu niddedikaw ftit ħin biex nippjanaw għalija waqt l-avvenimenti ta' Wikipedia 20 fil-ġimgħat li ġejjin? --[[Utent:Nevborg|Nevborg]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:Nevborg|d]]) 17:52, 19 Jannar 2021 (UTC)

== Abbozz == 
Nixtieq nerġa niftaħ id-diskussjoni fuq it-terminu &quot;abbozz&quot;. 

Dan konna iddusketejnieh hawn:

https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedija:Pjazza/Arkivju_2008#Stub_jew_Abbozz?

Xi artikli qsar ħafna ma jixirqilhom li jissejħu &quot;abbozz&quot; pereżemju https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papa .

Jien kont għedt:
&quot;Togħġobni l-idea tal-Olandiż: &quot;Begintje&quot; jew &quot;bidu żgħir&quot;. Forsi jmissna nivvintaw kliem ġdid fejn ma nsibux kelma adekwata bħal &quot;bdejju&quot; - bidu żgħir! &quot; 

Kont issuġġerejt ukoll &quot;nibbieta&quot;.

[[Utent:Leli Forte|Leli Forte]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:Leli Forte|d]]) 15:59, 19 Mej 2020 (UTC)

: {{irrispondi|Leli Forte}} Grazzi tassew ta' din. &quot;Abbozz&quot; huwa aktar &quot;draft&quot;, skond jien. Fl-ispirtu ta' dan li qed tipproponi inti, flok &quot;stub&quot; jiena kieku nipproponi &quot;loqma&quot; - xi tgħid? 

: Apparti hekk dan l-aħħar konna qed nitkellmu ukoll dwar aktar parametri li nistgħu norbtu mal-mudell &lt;nowiki&gt;{{stub}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;. {{irrispondi|Scutajar}} x'taħseb dwar din il-biċċa kollha? --[[Utent:ToniSant|ToniSant]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:ToniSant|d]]) 16:19, 19 Mej 2020 (UTC)

:: {{irrispondi|ToniSant}}Personalment &quot;loqma&quot; ma tantx togħġobni għax negattiva. Aquilina għal &quot;loqma&quot; jagħti piece of bread, morsel, a crust of bread. Kieku nippreferi xi ħaġa bħal &quot;Bidu ċkejken&quot; jew &quot;Nibbieta&quot; fis-sens li l-artiklu ħa jikber minnha.
:: [[Utent:Leli Forte|Leli Forte]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:Leli Forte|d]]) 16:39, 19 Mej 2020 (UTC)
:: {{irrispondi|ToniSant}} Milli rajt fuq il-Wikipedija bl-Ingliż, donnhom jintużaw mudelli differenti skont il-kategorija tal-artiklu, imma forsi kellek xi ideat oħra? Rigward l-isem, kemm &quot;loqma&quot; kif ukoll &quot;nibbieta&quot; jogħġbuni, imma minix l-ikbar espert fuq x'isem għandu jingħata. —[[Utent:Scutajar|Scutajar]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:Scutajar|d]]) 11:32, 20 Mej 2020 (UTC)

::: {{irrispondi|Leli Forte|Scutajar}}: Nasal naqbel magħkom faċilment. Loqma tassew li għandha konnotazzjonijiet negattivi, anke minħabba loqma ta' sigarett. Naħseb &quot;nibbieta&quot; ideali però mhux ċert għandiex tkun &quot;nebbieta&quot; minflok; [https://mlrs.research.um.edu.mt/resources/gabra/lexemes/view/55eea2269ba3c2094bf097ea araw hawn]. --[[Utent:ToniSant|ToniSant]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:ToniSant|d]]) 18:44, 21 Mej 2020 (UTC)
:::: {{irrispondi|ToniSant}}: Aquilina M-E jagħti t-tnejn (nibbieta/nebbieta). Jien kuntent bit-tnejn.

:::: Kont issuġġerejt dan:
{{ambox
| type  = style
| image = [[Image:Acer seedling drawing.png|55px]]
| text = '''Dan l-artiklu huwa [[Għajnuna:Stub|nibbieta]]''' li nittamaw li minnha jinbet artiklu sħiħ.&lt;br/&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-size: 90%;&quot;&gt;Jekk trid, tista' [{{SERVER}}{{localurl:{{NAMESPACE}}:{{PAGENAME}}|action=edit}} tikkontribwixxi issa] biex tkabbar u tiżviluppa dan l-artiklu, dejjem skont il-[[Għajnuna:Manwal tal-istil|konvenzjonijiet tal-Wikipedija]].&lt;br/&gt;Għal-lista tan-nibbitiet kollha, ara l-[[:category:stub|kategorija]] li għandha x'taqsam.&lt;/div&gt;
}}

::::[[Utent:Leli Forte|Leli Forte]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:Leli Forte|d]]) 16:47, 22 Mej 2020 (UTC)

:::::{{irrispondi|Leli Forte}} Din id-diskussjoni qamet ukoll waqt l-aħħar editathon tal-[[Wikipedija:Rebbiegħa CEE 2020]] ma' [[Utent:ToniSant|ToniSant]], [[Utent:Mewga|Mewga]], [[Utent:Angie Balzan|Angie Balzan]], [[Utent:EnriqueTabone|EnriqueTabone]], u [[Utent:Scutajar|Scutajar]]. Il-kunsens ġenerali kien li nużaw &quot;nebbieta&quot; u l-plural kollettiv ta' &quot;nebbitiet&quot;. Naħseb jekk ma hemm l-ebda oġġezzjoni nistgħu mmexxu b'dan il-mod. --[[Utent:Nevborg|Nevborg]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:Nevborg|d]]) 16:47, 29 Mej 2020 (UTC)
Araw diskussjoni oħra:

https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedija:Pjazza/Arkivju_2009#Stub

=== Abbozzi oħra ===
Hemm ukoll:

{{Abbandunat}}

u abbozzi bis-suġġett

{{Stub| Matematika}}

[[Utent:Leli Forte|Leli Forte]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:Leli Forte|d]]) 16:56, 22 Mej 2020 (UTC)

::{{irrispondi|Leli Forte}} Bħala azzjoni konkreta vis-a-vis dak li kiteb dwaru {{irrispondi|Nevborg}} hawn fuq, {{irrispondi|Scutajar}} u jien ħidmna biċċa sew illum biex nibdew naqilbu dawk li kienu abbozzi/stubs għal nebbieta, a bażi ta' dak li ddiskutejna fuq il-proposta tiegħek. Idealment, id-diskussjoni issa [[Diskussjoni_Wikipedija:Nebbieta|għandha timxi għal hawn]] u b'hekk nibdew nifirdu ħidma fuq livell infrastrutturali fuq dan l-aspett u dawk ta' politika ta' kif jitħaddmu, kif bdejna anke niddiskutu ukoll hawn taħt fis-suġġett/taqsima li jmiss. --[[Utent:ToniSant|ToniSant]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:ToniSant|d]]) 19:05, 29 Mej 2020 (UTC)

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== Wiki Loves Folklore is back! ==

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You are humbly invited to participate in the '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2022|Wiki Loves Folklore 2022]]''' an international photography contest organized on Wikimedia Commons to document folklore and intangible cultural heritage from different regions, including, folk creative activities and many more. It is held every year from the '''1st till the 28th''' of February.

You can help in enriching the folklore documentation on Commons from your region by taking photos, audios, videos, and [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:UploadWizard&amp;campaign=wlf_2022 submitting] them in this commons contest.

You can also [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2022/Organize|organize a local contest]] in your country and support us in translating the [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2022/Translations|project pages]] to help us spread the word in your native language.

Feel free to contact us on our [[:c:Commons talk:Wiki Loves Folklore 2022|project Talk page]] if you need any assistance. 

'''Kind regards,'''

'''Wiki loves Folklore International Team'''

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Greetings! You are invited to participate in '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2022|Feminism and Folklore 2022]]''' writing competion. This year Feminism and Folklore will focus on feminism, women biographies and gender-focused topics for the project in league with Wiki Loves Folklore gender gap focus with folk culture theme on Wikipedia.

You can help us in enriching the folklore documentation on Wikipedia from your region by creating or improving articles focused on folklore around the world, including, but not limited to folk festivals, folk dances, folk music, women and queer personalities in folklore, folk culture (folk artists, folk dancers, folk singers, folk musicians, folk game athletes, women in mythology, women warriors in folklore, witches and witch hunting, fairy tales and more. You can contribute to new articles or translate from the list of suggested articles [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2022/List of Articles|here]].

You can also support us in organizing the contest on your local Wikipedia by signing up your community to participate in this project and also translating the [[m:Feminism and Folklore 2022|project page]] and help us spread the word in your native language. 

Learn more about the contest and prizes from our project page. Feel free to contact us on our [[:m:Talk:Feminism and Folklore 2022|talk page]] or via Email if you need any assistance... 

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The Call for Feedback: Board of Trustees elections is now open and will close on 7 February 2022. 

With this Call for Feedback, the Movement Strategy and Governance team is taking a different approach. This approach incorporates community feedback from 2021. Instead of leading with proposals, the Call is framed around key questions from the Board of Trustees. The key questions came from the feedback about the 2021 Board of Trustees election. The intention is to inspire collective conversation and collaborative proposal development about these key questions.

[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees/Call for feedback: Board of Trustees elections|Join the conversation.]]

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== Movement Strategy and Governance News – Issue 5 ==

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&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:200%;&quot;&gt;'''Movement Strategy and Governance News'''&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:120%; color:#404040;&quot;&gt;'''Issue 5, January 2022'''&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:120%; float:right;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/5|'''Read the full newsletter''']]&lt;/span&gt;
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Welcome to the fifth issue of Movement Strategy and Governance News (formerly known as Universal Code of Conduct News)! This revamped newsletter distributes relevant news and events about the Movement Charter, Universal Code of Conduct, Movement Strategy Implementation grants, Board elections and other relevant MSG topics.

This Newsletter will be distributed quarterly, while more frequent Updates will also be delivered weekly or bi-weekly to subscribers. Please remember to subscribe [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/MSG Newsletter Subscription|here]] if you would like to receive these updates.
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*'''Call for Feedback about the Board elections''' - We invite you to give your feedback on the upcoming WMF Board of Trustees election. This call for feedback went live on 10th January 2022 and will be concluded on 16th February 2022. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/5#Call for Feedback about the Board elections|continue reading]])
*'''Universal Code of Conduct Ratification''' - In 2021, the WMF asked communities about how to enforce the Universal Code of Conduct policy text. The revised draft of the enforcement guidelines should be ready for community vote in March. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/5#Universal Code of Conduct Ratification|continue reading]])
*'''Movement Strategy Implementation Grants''' - As we continue to review several interesting proposals, we encourage and welcome more proposals and ideas that target a specific initiative from the Movement Strategy recommendations. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/5#Movement Strategy Implementation Grants|continue reading]])
*'''The New Direction for the Newsletter''' - As the UCoC Newsletter transitions into MSG Newsletter, join the facilitation team in envisioning and deciding on the new directions for this newsletter. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/5#The New Direction for the Newsletter|continue reading]])
*'''Diff Blogs''' - Check out the most recent publications about MSG on Wikimedia Diff. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/5#Diff Blogs|continue reading]])&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;ucoc-newsletter&quot;/&gt;
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[[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] 03:27, 29 Jannar 2022 (UTC)
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== Updates on the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines Review ==

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&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/2022-02-02 Announcement|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/2022-02-02 Announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/2022-02-02 Announcement}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''
Hello everyone,

The Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees released a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board noticeboard/January 2022 - Board of Trustees on Community ratification of enforcement guidelines of UCoC|statement on the ratification process]] for the '''[[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines|Universal Code of Conduct (UCoC) Enforcement Guidelines]]'''.

The [[m:Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] (UCoC) provides a baseline of acceptable behavior for the entire movement. The UCoC and the Enforcement Guidelines were written by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Drafting committee|volunteer-staff drafting committees]] following community consultations.

The revised guidelines were published 24 January 2022 as a proposed way to apply the policy across the movement. There is a [[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Changes|list of changes made]] to the guidelines after the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement draft guidelines review|enforcement draft guidelines review]]. '''Comments about the guidelines can be shared [[m:Talk:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines|on the Enforcement Guidelines talk page on Meta-wiki]].'''

To help to understand the guidelines and process, the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance|Movement Strategy and Governance]] (MSG) team will be hosting Conversation Hours on 4 February 2022 at 15:00 UTC, 25 February 2022 at 12:00 UTC, and 4 March 2022 at 15:00 UTC. '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Conversations|Join the conversation hours to speak with the UCoC project team and drafting committee members about the updated guidelines and voting process]].'''

The [[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Project#Timeline|timeline is available on Meta-wiki]]. The voting period is March 7 to 21. All eligible voters will have an opportunity to support or oppose the adoption of the Enforcement guidelines, and share why. '''[[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting|See the voting information page for more details]].'''

Many participants from across the movement have provided valuable input in these ongoing conversations. The UCoC and MSG teams want to thank the Drafting Committee and the community members for their contributions to this process. 

Sincerely,

Movement Strategy and Governance&lt;br/&gt;
Wikimedia Foundation&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
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[[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] 03:55, 4 Frar 2022 (UTC)
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== ĦU SEHEM: Wiki Loves Folklore 2022 f'Malta ==

[[Stampa:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|130px|lemin]]
'''Wiki Loves Folklore''' huwa konkors annwali tal-fotografija miftuħ għal kulħadd, fejn int ukoll tista' żżid ritratti ta' aspetti mill-kultura folkoristika f'Malta u f'pajjiżi oħra madwar id-dinja. Din hija l-ewwel sena li Malta qed tkun inkluża f'din l-attività globali. F'Malta din l-inzjattiva titmexxa minn [[metawiki:Wikimedia Community User Group Malta|Wikimedia Community Malta]] li jorganizzaw attivitajiet ta' taħriġ u informazzjoni online għal min jixtieq jieħu sehem kull nhar ta' Ħamis fis-6pm matul ix-xahar ta' Frar.&lt;div class=&quot;main-footer&quot;&gt;''Ħu sehem minn din il-ħolqa fuq Wikimedia Commons: [[c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Folklore_2022_in_Malta|Wiki Loves Folklore 2022 in Malta]]. --'' [[Utent:ToniSant|ToniSant]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:ToniSant|d]]) 16:43, 8 Frar 2022 (UTC)

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Leadership Development Task Force: Your feedback is appreciated&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership Development Task Force/Call for Feedback Announcement|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership Development Task Force/Call for Feedback Announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Leadership Development Task Force/Call for Feedback Announcement}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

The Community Development team at the Wikimedia Foundation is supporting the creation of a global, community-driven Leadership Development Task Force. The purpose of the task force is to advise leadership development work.

The team is looking for feedback about the responsibilities of the Leadership Development Task Force. This Meta page shares the proposal for a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership Development Task Force|Leadership Development Task Force]] and how [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership Development Task Force/Participate|you can help.]] Feedback on the proposal will be collected from 7 to 25 February 2022.&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
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[[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] 02:35, 9 Frar 2022 (UTC)
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== Wiki Loves Folklore is extended till 15th March ==

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[[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|frameless|180px]]
Greetings from Wiki Loves Folklore International Team,

We are pleased to inform you that [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore|Wiki Loves Folklore]] an international photographic contest on Wikimedia Commons has been extended till the '''15th of March 2022'''. The scope of the contest is focused on folk culture of different regions on categories, such as, but not limited to, folk festivals, folk dances, folk music, folk activities, etc.

We would like to have your immense participation in the photographic contest to document your local Folk culture on Wikipedia. You can also help with the [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2022/Translations|translation]] of project pages and share a word in your local language.

Best wishes,

'''International Team'''&lt;br /&gt;
'''Wiki Loves Folklore'''

[[Utent:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:MediaWiki message delivery|d]]) 04:50, 22 Frar 2022 (UTC)
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== Coming soon ==

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=== Several improvements around templates ===
Hello, from March 9, several improvements around templates will become available on your wiki:
* Fundamental improvements of the [[Mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User guide#Editing templates|VisualEditor template dialog]] ([[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/VisualEditor template dialog improvements|1]], [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Removing a template from a page using the VisualEditor|2]]),
* Improvements to make it easier to put a template on a page ([[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Finding and inserting templates|3]]) (for the template dialogs in [[Mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User guide#Editing templates|VisualEditor]], [[Mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:WikiEditor#/media/File:VectorEditorBasic-en.png|2010 Wikitext]] and [[Mw:Special:MyLanguage/2017 wikitext editor|New Wikitext Mode]]),
* and improvements in the syntax highlighting extension [[Mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] ([[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Improved Color Scheme of Syntax Highlighting|4]], [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Bracket Matching|5]]) (which is available on wikis with writing direction left-to-right).

All these changes are part of the “[[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Templates|Templates]]” project by [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes|WMDE Technical Wishes]]. We hope they will help you in your work, and we would love to hear your feedback on the talk pages of these projects. &lt;/div&gt; - [[m:User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|Johanna Strodt (WMDE)]] 12:38, 28 Frar 2022 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Remember to Participate in the UCoC Conversations and Ratification Vote!&lt;/span&gt; ==

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&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting/Announcement|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting/Announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting/Announcement}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

Hello everyone,

A [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines/Voting|'''vote in SecurePoll from 7 to 21 March 2022''']] is scheduled as part of the ratification process for the Universal Code of Conduct (UCoC) Enforcement guidelines. Eligible voters are invited to answer a poll question and share comments. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines/Voter_information|Read voter information and eligibility details.]] During the poll, voters will be asked if they support the enforcement of the Universal Code of Conduct based on the proposed guidelines.

The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] (UCoC) provides a baseline of acceptable behavior for the entire movement. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines|revised enforcement guidelines]] were published 24 January 2022 as a proposed way to apply the policy across the movement. A [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Board_noticeboard/January_2022_-_Board_of_Trustees_on_Community_ratification_of_enforcement_guidelines_of_UCoC|Wikimedia Foundation Board statement]] calls for a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines/Voting|ratification process]] where eligible voters will have an opportunity to support or oppose the adoption of the UCoC Enforcement guidelines in a vote. Wikimedians are invited to [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines/Voter_information/Volunteer|translate and share important information]]. For more information about the UCoC, please see the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Project|project page]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/FAQ|frequently asked questions]] on Meta-wiki.

There are events scheduled to learn more and discuss:
* A [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Conversations/Panel_Q&amp;A|community panel]] recorded on 18 February 2022 shares perspectives from small- and medium-sized community participants.
* The [[m:Movement Strategy and Governance|Movement Strategy and Governance]] (MSG) team is hosting Conversation Hours on 4 March 2022 at 15:00 UTC. Please [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Conversations|'''sign-up''']] to interact with the project team and the drafting committee about the updated enforcement guidelines and the ratification process. See the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/2022_conversation_hour_summaries|Conversation Hour summaries]] for notes from 4 February 2022 and 25 February 2022.

You can comment on Meta-wiki talk pages in any language. You may also contact either team by email: msg[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org or ucocproject[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org

Sincerely,

Movement Strategy and Governance &lt;br /&gt;
Wikimedia Foundation &lt;br /&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] 02:17, 2 Marzu 2022 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement guidelines ratification voting open from 7 to 21 March 2022&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Vote|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Vote|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Vote}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

Hello everyone,

The ratification voting process for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines|revised enforcement guidelines]] of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] (UCoC) is now open! '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting|Voting commenced on SecurePoll]]''' on 7 March 2022 and will conclude on 21 March 2022. Please [[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voter information|read more on the voter information and eligibility details]].

The Universal Code of Conduct (UCoC) provides a baseline of acceptable behavior for the entire movement. The revised enforcement guidelines were published 24 January 2022 as a proposed way to apply the policy across the movement. You can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Project|read more about the UCoC project]].

You can also comment on Meta-wiki talk pages in any language. You may also contact the team by email: ucocproject[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org

Sincerely,

Movement Strategy and Governance

Wikimedia Foundation&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] 00:52, 8 Marzu 2022 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Invitation to Hubs event: Global Conversation on 2022-03-12 at 13:00 UTC&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;Hello! 

The Movement Strategy and Governance team of the Wikimedia Foundation would like to invite you to the next event about &quot;Regional and Thematic Hubs&quot;. The Wikimedia Movement is in the process of understanding what Regional and Thematic Hubs should be. Our workshop in November was a good start ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Hubs/Documentation/27 November Workshop|read the report]]), but we're not finished yet. 

Over the last weeks we conducted about 16 interviews with groups working on establishing a Hub in their context ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Hubs/Dialogue|see Hubs Dialogue]]). These interviews informed a report that will serve as a foundation for discussion on March 12. The report is planned to be published on March 9.

The event will take place on March 12, 13:00 to 16:00 UTC on Zoom. Interpretation will be provided in French, Spanish, Arabic, Russian, and Portuguese. Registration is open, and will close on March 10. Anyone interested in the topic is invited to join us. '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Hubs/Global Conversations March 12, 2022|More information on the event on Meta-wiki]]'''.

Best regards,

[[m:User:KVaidla (WMF)|Kaarel Vaidla]]&lt;br /&gt;Movement Strategy
&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
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01:31, 10 Marzu 2022 (UTC)
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== Wiki Loves Folklore 2022 ends tomorrow ==

[[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|frameless|180px]]
International photographic contest [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2022| Wiki Loves Folklore 2022]] ends on 15th March 2022 23:59:59 UTC. This is the last chance of the year to upload images about local folk culture, festival, cuisine, costume, folklore etc on Wikimedia Commons. Watch out our social media handles for regular updates and declaration of Winners. 

([https://www.facebook.com/WikiLovesFolklore/ Facebook] , [https://twitter.com/WikiFolklore Twitter ] , [https://www.instagram.com/wikilovesfolklore/ Instagram])

The writing competition Feminism and Folklore will run till 31st of March 2022 23:59:59 UTC. Write about your local folk tradition, women, folk festivals, folk dances, folk music, folk activities, folk games, folk cuisine, folk wear, folklore, and tradition, including ballads, folktales, fairy tales, legends, traditional song and dance, folk plays, games, seasonal events, calendar customs, folk arts, folk religion, mythology etc. on your local Wikipedia. Check if your [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2022/Project Page|local Wikipedia is participating]]

A special competition called '''Wiki Loves Falles''' is organised in Spain and the world during 15th March 2022 till 15th April 2022 to document local folk culture and [[:en:Falles|Falles]] in Valencia, Spain. Learn more about it on  [[:ca:Viquiprojecte:Falles 2022|Catalan Wikipedia project page]].

We look forward for your immense co-operation.

Thanks 
Wiki Loves Folklore international Team
[[Utent:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:MediaWiki message delivery|d]]) 14:40, 14 Marzu 2022 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Leadership Development Working Group: Apply to join! (14 March to 10 April 2022)&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership Development Working Group/Participate/Announcement|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership Development Working Group/Participate/Announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Leadership Development Working Group/Participate/Announcement}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

Hello everyone,

Thank you to everyone who participated in the feedback period for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership Development Working Group|Leadership Development Working Group]] initiative. A [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership Development Working Group/Participate#5. Summary of Call for Feedback|summary of the feedback]] can be found on Meta-wiki. This feedback will be shared with the working group to inform their work. The application period to join the Working Group is now open and will close on April 10, 2022. Please [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership_Development_Working_Group/Purpose_and_Structure#3._How_is_the_working_group_formed_and_structured?|review the information about the working group]], share with community members who might be interested, and '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership_Development_Working_Group/Participate#1._How_to_participate|apply if you are interested]]'''.

Thank you,

From the Community Development team&lt;br /&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] 02:20, 18 Marzu 2022 (UTC)
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== Rebbiegħa CEE 2022 ==

[[Stampa:Rebbiegħa_CEE_logo.jpg|alt=CEE Spring logo|daqsminuri|Rebbiegħa CEE 2022]]
L-għaqda voluntarja Wikimedia Community Malta (WCM) qed tistiednek tieħu sehem fit-tielet edizzjoni tal-konkors Rebbiegħa CEE 2022 fuq il-Wikipedija bil-Malti bejn il-21 ta' Marzu u l-20 ta' Ġunju 2022. Matul dan il-perjodu, il-WCM qed torganizza numru ta' edit-a-toni għal min jixtieq jitgħallem aktar dwar kif jinkitbu l-artiklu fuq il-Wikipedija. 

Ingħaqad ma' komunitajiet oħra tal-Wikipedia madwar id-dinja biex tittraduċi artikli dwar suġġetti li għandhom x'jaqsmu mal-Ewropa Ċentrali u tal-Lvant. Hemm diversi premjijiet x'jintrebħu f'dan il-konkors. Id-dettalji kollha ssibhom fuq il-paġna [[Wikipedija:Rebbiegħa CEE 2022]]. -- [[Utent:ToniSant|ToniSant]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:ToniSant|d]]) 09:34, 21 Marzu 2022 (UTC)

== Feminism and Folklore 2022 ends soon ==

[[File:Feminism and Folklore 2022 logo.svg|right|frameless|250px]]
[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2022|Feminism and Folklore 2022]] which is an international writing contest organized at Wikipedia ends soon that is on &lt;b&gt;31 March 2022 11:59 UTC&lt;/b&gt;. This is the last chance of the year to write about feminism, women biographies and gender-focused topics such as &lt;i&gt;folk festivals, folk dances, folk music, folk activities, folk games, folk cuisine, folk wear, fairy tales, folk plays, folk arts, folk religion, mythology, folk artists, folk dancers, folk singers, folk musicians, folk game athletes, women in mythology, women warriors in folklore, witches and witch hunting, fairy tales and more&lt;/i&gt;

Keep an eye on the project page for declaration of Winners. 

We look forward for your immense co-operation.

Thanks 
Wiki Loves Folklore international Team
[[Utent:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:MediaWiki message delivery|d]]) 14:29, 26 Marzu 2022 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement guidelines ratification voting is now closed&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Vote/Closing message|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Vote/Closing message|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Vote/Closing message}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''
Greetings,

The ratification voting process for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines|revised enforcement guidelines]] of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] (UCoC) came to a close on 21 March 2022. Over {{#expr:2300}} Wikimedians voted across different regions of our movement. Thank you to everyone who participated in this process! The scrutinizing group is now reviewing the vote for accuracy, so please allow up to two weeks for them to finish their work.

The final results from the voting process will be announced [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting/Results|here]], along with the relevant statistics and a summary of comments as soon as they are available. Please check out [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voter information|the voter information page]] to learn about the next steps. You can comment on the project talk page [[m:Talk:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines|on Meta-wiki]] in any language. You may also contact the UCoC project team by email: ucocproject[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org

Best regards,

Movement Strategy and Governance&lt;br /&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] 01:53, 30 Marzu 2022 (UTC)
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== Konkors Internazzjonali Wiki Loves Monuments 2021 ==

[[File:Portes des Bombes in Floriana, Malta.jpg|300px|Bieb il-Bombi bil-lejl|lemin]]Ritratt tal-utent [[c:Special:ListFiles/Gizwardu|Gizwardu]] (George Abdilla) li juri [[Portes des Bombes|Portes de Bombes]] bil-lejl ġie kklassifikat fl-14-il-post fil-[[commons:Wiki Loves Monuments 2021 winners|konkors internazzjonali Wiki Loves Monuments tal-2021]]. Tajjeb ngħidu li f'dan l-konkors ħadu ikkompetew 172,465 ritratt minn 37 pajjiż madwar id-dinja.  

Il-konkors Wiki Loves Monuments huwa organizzat f'Malta kull sena minn Wikimedia Community Malta matul ix-xahar ta' Settembru. L-aqwa 10 ritratt minn kull sena ([[:commons:Wiki_Loves_Monuments_2021_winners#Malta|ara tal-2021]]) jieħdu sehem ukoll fil-konkors internazzjonali organizzat mill-Fondazzjoni Wikimedia fl-ewwel xhur tas-sena ta' wara. 

[http://www.wikimalta.org Wikimedia Community Malta] tifraħ lil dan l-utent ta' dan is-suċċess u bi pjaċir issa naraw dan ir-ritratt fl-artiklu bil-Malti u bl-Ingliż dwar Bieb il-Bombi fil-Furjana.

Prosit, George! -- [[Utent:ToniSant|ToniSant]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:ToniSant|d]]) 14:59, 20 April 2022 (UTC)

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Movement Strategy and Governance News – Issue 6&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;msg-newsletter&quot;/&gt;
&lt;div style = &quot;line-height: 1.2&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:200%;&quot;&gt;'''Movement Strategy and Governance News'''&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:120%; color:#404040;&quot;&gt;'''Issue 6, April 2022'''&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:120%; float:right;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/6|'''Read the full newsletter''']]&lt;/span&gt;
----

Welcome to the sixth issue of Movement Strategy and Governance News! This revamped newsletter distributes relevant news and events about the Movement Charter, Universal Code of Conduct, Movement Strategy Implementation grants, Board of trustees elections and other relevant MSG topics.

This Newsletter will be distributed quarterly, while the more frequent Updates will also be delivered weekly. Please remember to subscribe [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/MSG Newsletter Subscription|here]] if you would like to receive future issues of this newsletter.
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:3px; padding:10px 10px 10px 20px; background:#fffff; border:2px solid #808080; border-radius:4px; font-size:100%;&quot;&gt;

*'''Leadership Development -''' A Working Group is Forming! - The application to join the Leadership Development Working Group closed on April 10th, 2022, and up to 12 community members will be selected to participate in the working group. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/6#A1|continue reading]])
*'''Universal Code of Conduct Ratification Results are out! -''' The global decision process on the enforcement of the UCoC via SecurePoll was held from 7 to 21 March. Over 2,300 eligible voters from at least 128 different home projects submitted their opinions and comments. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/6#A2|continue reading]])
*'''Movement Discussions on Hubs -''' The Global Conversation event on Regional and Thematic Hubs was held on Saturday, March 12, and was attended by 84 diverse Wikimedians from across the movement. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/6#A3|continue reading]])
*'''Movement Strategy Grants Remain Open! -''' Since the start of the year, six proposals with a total value of about $80,000 USD have been approved. Do you have a movement strategy project idea? Reach out to us! ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/6#A4|continue reading]])
*'''The Movement Charter Drafting Committee is All Set! -''' The Committee of fifteen members which was elected in October 2021, has agreed on the essential values and methods for its work, and has started to create the outline of the Movement Charter draft. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/6#A5|continue reading]])
*'''Introducing Movement Strategy Weekly -''' Contribute and Subscribe! - The MSG team have just launched the updates portal, which is connected to the various Movement Strategy pages on Meta-wiki. Subscriber to get  up-to-date news about the various ongoing projects. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/6#A6|continue reading]])
*'''Diff Blogs -''' Check out the most recent publications about Movement Strategy on Wikimedia Diff. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/6#A7|continue reading]])
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;msg-newsletter&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

Also, a draft of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2022-2023/draft|'''2022-23 Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan''']] has been published. Input is being sought on-wiki and during [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2022-2023/Conversations|'''several conversations''' with Wikimedia Foundation CEO Maryana Iskander]].

[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2022-2023/Conversations/Announcement|See full announcement on Meta-wiki]]. [[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] 01:45, 22 April 2022 (UTC)
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== New Wikipedia Library Collections Available Now - April 2022 ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;

Hello Wikimedians! 
[[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|upright|The TWL owl says sign up today!]]
[[m:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] has free access to new paywalled reliable sources. You can these and dozens more collections at https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/:
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/128/ Wiley]''' – journals, books, and research resources, covering life, health, social, and physical sciences
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/125/ OECD]''' – OECD iLibrary, Data, and Multimedia​​ published by the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/129/ SPIE Digital Library]''' – journals and eBooks on optics and photonics applied research

Many other sources are freely available for experienced editors, including collections which recently became accessible to all eligible editors: Cambridge University Press, BMJ, AAAS, Érudit and more.

Do better research and help expand the use of high quality references across Wikipedia projects: log in today!
&lt;br&gt;--The Wikipedia Library Team 13:17, 26 April 2022 (UTC)

:&lt;small&gt;This message was delivered via the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/MassMessage#Global_message_delivery Global Mass Message] tool to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List].&lt;/small&gt;
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== Coming soon: Improvements for templates ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;!--T:11--&gt;
[[File:Overview of changes in the VisualEditor template dialog by WMDE Technical Wishes.webm|thumb|Fundamental changes in the template dialog.]]
Hello, more changes around templates are coming to your wiki soon:

The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User guide#Editing templates|'''template dialog''' in VisualEditor]] and in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/2017 wikitext editor|2017 Wikitext Editor]] (beta) will be '''improved fundamentally''': 
This should help users understand better what the template expects, how to navigate the template, and how to add parameters. 
* [[metawiki:WMDE Technical Wishes/VisualEditor template dialog improvements|project page]], [[metawiki:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/VisualEditor template dialog improvements|talk page]]

In '''syntax highlighting''' ([[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] extension), you can activate a '''colorblind-friendly''' color scheme with a user setting. 
* [[metawiki:WMDE Technical Wishes/Improved Color Scheme of Syntax Highlighting#Color-blind_mode|project page]], [[metawiki:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Improved Color Scheme of Syntax Highlighting|talk page]]

Deployment is planned for May 10. This is the last set of improvements from [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes|WMDE Technical Wishes']] focus area “[[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Templates|Templates]]”. 

We would love to hear your feedback on our talk pages!
&lt;/div&gt; -- [[m:User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|Johanna Strodt (WMDE)]] 11:14, 29 April 2022 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Editing news 2022 #1&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;message&quot;/&gt;&lt;i&gt;[[metawiki:VisualEditor/Newsletter/2022/April|Read this in another language]] • [[m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|Subscription list for this multilingual newsletter]]&lt;/i&gt;
[[File:Junior Contributor New Topic Tool Completion Rate.png|thumb|New editors were more successful with this new tool.]]

The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools#New discussion tool|New topic tool]] helps editors create new ==Sections== on discussion pages.  New editors are more successful with this new tool.  You can [[mw:Talk pages project/New topic#21 April 2022|read the report]].  Soon, the Editing team will offer this to all editors at the 20 Wikipedias that participated in the test.  You will be able to turn it off at [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing-discussion]].&lt;section end=&quot;message&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:Whatamidoing (WMF)|Whatamidoing (WMF)]] 18:55, 2 Mejju 2022 (UTC)
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== 2022 Board of Trustees Call for Candidates ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt; 
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Call for Candidates/Short|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Call for Candidates/Short|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Call for Candidates/Short}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

The Board of Trustees seeks candidates for the 2022 Board of Trustees election. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Announcement/Call_for_Candidates|'''Read more on Meta-wiki.''']]

The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022|2022 Board of Trustees election]] is here! Please consider submitting your candidacy to serve on the Board of Trustees.

The Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees oversees the Wikimedia Foundation's operations. Community-and-affiliate selected trustees and Board-appointed trustees make up the Board of Trustees. Each trustee serves a three year term. The Wikimedia community has the opportunity to vote for community-and-affiliate selected trustees.

The Wikimedia community will vote to fill two seats on the Board in 2022. This is an opportunity to improve the representation, diversity, and expertise of the Board as a team.

;Who are potential candidates? Are you a potential candidate? Find out more on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Apply to be a Candidate|Apply to be a Candidate page]].

Thank you for your support, 

Movement Strategy and Governance on behalf of the Elections Committee and the Board of Trustees&lt;br /&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
10:39, 10 Mejju 2022 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Revisions to the Universal Code of Conduct (UCoC) Enforcement Guidelines&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Revision discussions/Announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Revision discussions/Announcement}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''
Hello all,

We'd like to provide an update on the work on the Enforcement Guidelines for the Universal Code of Conduct.  After the conclusion of the community vote on the guidelines in March, the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee|Community Affairs committee (CAC)]] of the Board [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikimedia-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/JAYQN3NYKCHQHONMUONYTI6WRKZFQNSC/ asked that several areas of the guidelines be reviewed for improvements] before the Board does its final review. These areas were identified based on community discussions and comments provided during the vote. The CAC also requested review of the controversial Note in 3.1 of the UCoC itself.

Once more, a big thank you to all who voted, especially to all who left constructive feedback and comments!  The project team is working with the Board to establish a timeline for this work, and will communicate this next month. 

Members of the two prior [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Drafting committee|UCoC Drafting Committees]] have generously offered their time to help shape improvements to the Guidelines. You can read more about them and their work [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Drafting committee#Revisions_Committee|here]], as well as read [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Drafting_committee/Phase_2_meeting_summaries#2022|summaries of their weekly meetings in 2022]]. 

Wikimedians have provided many valuable comments together with the vote and in other conversations. Given the size and diversity of the Wikimedia community, there are even more voices out there who can give ideas on how to improve the enforcement guidelines and add even more valuable ideas to the process. To help the Revisions committee identify improvements, input on several questions for the committee’s review is requested. Visit the Meta-wiki pages ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines/Revision_discussions|Enforcement Guidelines revision discussions]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Policy text/Revision_discussions|Policy text revision discussions]]) to get your ideas to the Committee - it is very important that viewpoints are heard from different communities before the Committee begins drafting revision proposals.

On behalf of the UCoC project team &lt;br /&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] 22:56, 3 Ġunju 2022 (UTC)
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== Wiki Loves Earth 2022 f'Malta ==

[[Stampa:WLE_Austria_Logo_(transparent).svg|lemin|200x200px]]
Malta qed tieħu sehem għall-ewwel darba fil-konkors '''[[c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Earth_2022_in_Malta|Wiki Loves Earth]]''' matul ix-xahar ta' Ġunju. Diversi utenti tal-Wikipedija jingħaqdu kull sena ma' komunitajiet oħra tal-Wikimedia madwar id-dinja għal konkors fotografiku dwar wirt naturali protett. F'Malta dan qed isir bil-kollaborazzjoni ta' [[metawiki:Wikimedia Community User Group Malta|Wikimedia Community Malta]]. Ir-rebbieħa ta' dan il-konkors jitħabbru f'Awwissu. [[Utent:ToniSant|ToniSant]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:ToniSant|d]]) 08:32, 5 Ġunju 2022 (UTC)

== Results of Wiki Loves Folklore 2022 is out! ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
{{int:please-translate}}
[[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|150px|frameless]]

Hi, Greetings

The winners for '''[[c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2022|Wiki Loves Folklore 2022]]''' is announced!

We are happy to share with you winning images for this year's edition. This year saw over 8,584 images represented on commons in over 92 countries. Kindly see images '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2022/Winners|here]]'''

Our profound gratitude to all the people who participated and organized local contests and photo walks for this project.

We hope to have you contribute to the campaign next year.

'''Thank you,'''

'''Wiki Loves Folklore International Team'''

--[[Utent:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:MediaWiki message delivery|d]]) 16:12, 4 Lulju 2022 (UTC)

&lt;/div&gt;
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== Enabling Section Translation: a new mobile translation experience ==

{{int:Hello}} Maltese Wikipedians!

Apologies as this message is not in Maltese language, {{Int:Please-translate}}.

The [[mw:Wikimedia_Language_engineering|WMF Language team]] is pleased to let you know that we will like to enable the [[mw:Content_translation/Section_translation|Section translation]] tool in Maltese Wikipedia. For this, our team will love you to read about the tool and test it so you can:

* Give us your feedback
* Ask us questions
* Tell us how to improve it.

Below is background information about Section translation, why we have chosen your community, and how to test it.

'''Background information'''

[[mw:Content_translation|Content Translation]] has been a successful tool for editors to create content in their language. More than one million articles have been created across all languages since the tool was released in 2015. The Wikimedia Foundation Language team has improved the translation experience further with the Section Translation. The WMF Language team enabled the early version of the tool in February in Bengali Wikipedia. Through their feedback, the tool was improved and ready for your community to test and help us with feedback to make it better.

[https://design.wikimedia.org/strategy/section-translation.html Section Translation] extends the capabilities of Content Translation to support mobile devices. On mobile, the tool will:

* Guide you to translate one section at a time in order to expand existing articles or create new ones.
* Make it easy to transfer knowledge across languages anytime from your mobile device.

Maltese Wikipedia seems an ideal candidate to enjoy this new tool since data shows significant mobile editing activity.

We plan to enable the tool on Maltese Wikipedia in the coming weeks if there are no objections from your community. After it is enabled, we’ll monitor the content created with the tool and process all the feedback. In any case, feel free to raise any concerns or questions you may already have in any of the following formats:

* As a reply to this message
* On [[mw:Talk:Content_translation/Section_translation|the project talk page]].

'''Try the tool'''

Before the enablement, you can try the current implementation of the tool in [https://test.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:ContentTranslation our testing instance]. Once it is enabled on Maltese Wikipedia, you’ll have access to [[:ts:Special:ContentTranslation|https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:ContentTranslation]] with your mobile device. You can select an article to translate, and machine translation will be provided as a starting point for editors to improve.

'''Provide feedback'''

Please provide feedback about Section translation in any of the formats you are most comfortable with. We want to hear about your impressions on:

* The tool
* What you think about our plans to enable it
* Your ideas for improving the tool.

Thanks, and we look forward to your feedback and questions.

[[Utent:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:UOzurumba (WMF)|d]]) 05:23, 7 Lulju 2022 (UTC) On behalf of the WMF Language team

'''PS''': Sending your feedback or questions in English is particularly appreciated. But, you can still send them in the language of your choice.

===Section Translation tool enabled in Maltese Wikipedia===

Hello Friends!
 
The Language team is pleased to let you know that the [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Content_translation/Section_translation Section Translation] tool is [https://mt.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:ContentTranslation?title=Especial:Traducci%C3%B3n_de_contenidos&amp;from=en&amp;to=mt&amp;sx=true&amp;section=#/ now enabled in Maltese Wikipedia]. It means you can translate real content one section at a time using your mobile devices with ease.

Now you can also start translating an article on your mobile device right when you notice it is missing in Maltese. From a Wikipedia article in any language, switch languages and search for Malti. If the article does not exist, an option to translate it will appear, as shown in the image below.
 
[[File:Sx-language-selector-invite-th.png|thumb|center|Image of the entry point]]

Content created with the tool will be marked [https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spe%C4%8Bjali:Re%C4%A1istru?type=&amp;user=&amp;page=&amp;wpdate=&amp;tagfilter=sectiontranslation&amp;wpfilters%5B%5D=newusers with the “sectiontranslation” tag] for the community to review. We’ll monitor the content created, but we are very interested in hearing about your experience using the tool and reviewing the content created with it. 
 
So, [https://mt.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:ContentTranslation enjoy the tool] and [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Talk:Content_translation/Section_translation provide feedback] on improving it.

Thank you!

[[Utent:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:UOzurumba (WMF)|d]]) 16:59, 10 Awwissu 2022 (UTC)

== Propose statements for the 2022 Election Compass ==

:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Propose statements for the 2022 Election Compass| You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Propose statements for the 2022 Election Compass|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Propose statements for the 2022 Election Compass}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

Hi all,

Community members in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022|2022 Board of Trustees election]] are invited to [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Community_Voting/Election_Compass|propose statements to use in the Election Compass.]]

An Election Compass is a tool to help voters select the candidates that best align with their beliefs and views. The community members will propose statements for the candidates to answer using a Lickert scale (agree/neutral/disagree). The candidates’ answers to the statements will be loaded into the Election Compass tool. Voters will use the tool by entering in their answer to the statements (agree/disagree/neutral). The results will show the candidates that best align with the voter’s beliefs and views.

;Here is the timeline for the Election Compass:

* July 8 - 20: Community members propose statements for the Election Compass
* July 21 - 22: Elections Committee reviews statements for clarity and removes off-topic statements
* July 23 - August 1: Volunteers vote on the statements
* August 2 - 4: Elections Committee selects the top 15 statements
* August 5 - 12: candidates align themselves with the statements
* August 15: The Election Compass opens for voters to use to help guide their voting decision

The Elections Committee will select the top 15 statements at the beginning of August. The Elections Committee will oversee the process, supported by the Movement Strategy and Governance team. MSG will check that the questions are clear, there are no duplicates, no typos, and so on.

Best,

Movement Strategy and Governance

''This message was sent on behalf of the Board Selection Task Force and the Elections Committee''&lt;br /&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;

[[User:MNadzikiewicz (WMF)|MNadzikiewicz (WMF)]] ([[User talk:MNadzikiewicz (WMF)|talk]]) 11:34, 14 Lulju 2022 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Movement Strategy and Governance News – Issue 7&lt;/span&gt; ==

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&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:200%;&quot;&gt;'''Movement Strategy and Governance News'''&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:120%; color:#404040;&quot;&gt;'''Issue 7, July-September 2022'''&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:120%; float:right;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7|'''Read the full newsletter''']]&lt;/span&gt; 
----
Welcome to the 7th issue of Movement Strategy and Governance News! The newsletter distributes relevant news and events about the implementation of Wikimedia's [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy/Initiatives|Movement Strategy recommendations]], other relevant topics regarding Movement governance, as well as different projects and activities supported by the Movement Strategy and Governance (MSG) team of the Wikimedia Foundation.  

The MSG Newsletter is delivered quarterly, while the more frequent [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy/Updates|Movement Strategy Weekly]] will be delivered weekly. Please remember to subscribe [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/MSG Newsletter Subscription|here]] if you would like to receive future issues of this newsletter.
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* '''Movement sustainability''': Wikimedia Foundation's annual sustainability report has been published. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A1|continue reading]])
* '''Improving user experience''': recent improvements on the desktop interface for Wikimedia projects. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A2|continue reading]])
* '''Safety and inclusion''': updates on the revision process of the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A3|continue reading]])
* '''Equity in decisionmaking''': reports from Hubs pilots conversations, recent progress from the Movement Charter Drafting Committee, and a new white paper for futures of participation in the Wikimedia movement. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A4|continue reading]])
* '''Stakeholders coordination''': launch of a helpdesk for Affiliates and volunteer communities working on content partnership. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A5|continue reading]])
* '''Leadership development''': updates on leadership projects by Wikimedia movement organizers in Brazil and Cape Verde. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A6|continue reading]])
* '''Internal knowledge management''': launch of a new portal for technical documentation and community resources. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A7|continue reading]])
* '''Innovate in free knowledge''': high-quality audiovisual resources for scientific experiments and a new toolkit to record oral transcripts. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A8|continue reading]])
* '''Evaluate, iterate, and adapt''': results from the Equity Landscape project pilot ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A9|continue reading]])
* '''Other news and updates''': a new forum to discuss Movement Strategy implementation, upcoming Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees election, a new podcast to discuss Movement Strategy, and change of personnel for the Foundation's Movement Strategy and Governance team. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A10|continue reading]])
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Thank you for reading! [[User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 01:37, 18 Lulju 2022 (UTC)
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== Announcing the six candidates for the 2022 Board of Trustees election ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot;/&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Announcing the six candidates for the 2022 Board of Trustees election| You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Announcing the six candidates for the 2022 Board of Trustees election|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Announcing the six candidates for the 2022 Board of Trustees election}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

Hi everyone,

'''The Affiliate voting process has concluded.''' Representatives from each Affiliate organization learned about the candidates by reading candidates’ statements, reviewing candidates’ answers to questions, and considering the candidates’ ratings provided by the Analysis Committee. The selected 2022 Board of Trustees candidates are:

* Tobechukwu Precious Friday ([[:m:User:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]])
* Farah Jack Mustaklem ([[:m:User:Fjmustak|Fjmustak]])
* Shani Evenstein Sigalov ([[:m:User:Esh77|Esh77]])
* Kunal Mehta ([[:m:User:Legoktm|Legoktm]])
* Michał Buczyński ([[:m:User:Aegis Maelstrom|Aegis Maelstrom]])
* Mike Peel ([[:m:User:Mike Peel|Mike Peel]])

You may see more information about the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Results|Results]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Stats|Statistics]] of this Board election.

Please take a moment to appreciate the Affiliate Representatives and Analysis Committee members for taking part in this process and helping to grow the Board of Trustees in capacity and diversity. These hours of volunteer work connect us across understanding and perspective. Thank you for your participation.

Thank you to the community members who put themselves forward as candidates for the Board of Trustees. Considering joining the Board of Trustees is no small decision. The time and dedication candidates have shown to this point speaks to their commitment to this movement. Congratulations to those candidates who have been selected. A great amount of appreciation and gratitude for those candidates not selected. Please continue to share your leadership with Wikimedia.

Thank you to those who followed the Affiliate process for this Board election. You may review the results of the Affiliate selection process.

'''The next part of the Board election process is the community voting period.''' [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022#Timeline|You may view the Board election timeline here]]. To prepare for the community voting period, there are several things community members can engage with in the following ways:

* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Candidates|Read candidates’ statements]] and read the candidates’ answers to the questions posed by the Affiliate Representatives.
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Community_Voting/Questions_for_Candidates|Propose and select the 6 questions for candidates to answer during their video Q&amp;A]].
* See the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Candidates|Analysis Committee’s ratings of candidates on each candidate’s statement]].
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Community Voting/Election Compass|Propose statements for the Election Compass]] voters can use to find which candidates best fit their principles.
* Encourage others in your community to take part in the election.

Best,

Movement Strategy and Governance

''This message was sent on behalf of the Board Selection Task Force and the Elections Committee''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot;/&gt;

[[User:MNadzikiewicz (WMF)|MNadzikiewicz (WMF)]] 14:03, 27 Lulju 2022 (UTC)
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== Vote for Election Compass Statements ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Vote for Election Compass Statements| You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Vote for Election Compass Statements|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Vote for Election Compass Statements}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

Hi all,

Volunteers in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022|2022 Board of Trustees election]] are invited to [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Community_Voting/Election_Compass/Statements|vote for statements to use in the Election Compass]]. You can vote for the statements you would like to see included in the Election Compass on Meta-wiki.

An Election Compass is a tool to help voters select the candidates that best align with their beliefs and views. The community members will propose statements for the candidates to answer using a Lickert scale (agree/neutral/disagree). The candidates’ answers to the statements will be loaded into the Election Compass tool. Voters will use the tool by entering in their answer to the statements (agree/disagree/neutral). The results will show the candidates that best align with the voter’s beliefs and views.

Here is the timeline for the Election Compass:

*&lt;s&gt;July 8 - 20: Volunteers propose statements for the Election Compass&lt;/s&gt;
*&lt;s&gt;July 21 - 22: Elections Committee reviews statements for clarity and removes off-topic statements&lt;/s&gt;
*July 23 - August 1: Volunteers vote on the statements
*August 2 - 4: Elections Committee selects the top 15 statements
*August 5 - 12: candidates align themselves with the statements
*August 15: The Election Compass opens for voters to use to help guide their voting decision

The Elections Committee will select the top 15 statements at the beginning of August

Best, 

Movement Strategy and Governance

''This message was sent on behalf of the Board Selection Task Force and the Elections Committee''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
[[User:MNadzikiewicz (WMF)|MNadzikiewicz (WMF)]] 21:01, 27 Lulju 2022 (UTC)
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== Wiki Loves Earth 2022 f'Malta ==

[[Stampa:WLE_Austria_Logo_(transparent).svg|lemin|200x200px]]
Bi pjaċir kbir inħabbru [[c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Earth_2022/Winners#Malta|r-rebbieħa minn Malta tal-konkors globali Wiki Loves Earth 2022]].

Kull sena diversi utenti tal-Wikipedija jingħaqdu ma' komunitajiet oħra tal-Wikimedia madwar id-dinja għal konkors fotografiku dwar wirt naturali protett. L-ewwel edizzjoni tal-konkors '''[[c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Earth_2022_in_Malta|Wiki Loves Earth]]''' f'Malta saret matul ix-xhur ta' Ġunju u Lulju ta' din is-sena.  

F'Malta dawn il-konkorsi jsiru bil-kollaborazzjoni ta' [[metawiki:Wikimedia Community User Group Malta|Wikimedia Community Malta]] (WCM), li tifraħ lill-utenti kollha li ħadu sehem f'dan il-konkors, b'mod partikolari lil dawk li r-ritratti taħghom ingħażlu biex jipparteċipaw fil-konkors internazzjonali. Grazzi u prosit tassew!

Aktar dettalji dwar premjijiet u apprezzamenti tal-parteċipazzjoni dalwaqt, fuq is-sit ta' WCM. -- [[Utent:ToniSant|ToniSant]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:ToniSant|d]]) 10:44, 23 Awwissu 2022 (UTC)

== Mudell:Progress bar ==

Ħellow,
Jien editur Malti u m'ilnix wisq fuq il-WP Maltija. Waqt li qed nipprova nagħmel 'table' għall-reżultati ta elezzjoni ta Partit żgħir partikolari (dawn il-pettegorezzi żgħar ta infoboxes u templates jinteressawni ħafna) u nasal għas-Siġġijiet fil-Parlament Malti, insib li ma jeżistix xi forma ta mudell għal 'progress bar' jew indikazzjoni simili illi tallokala numru bhala 'fraction' u ggibulhek qishu loading bar. Fittixt ftit fil-lista ta Mudelli imma ma sibt xejn. Qed infittex ħażin, jew għadha ma teżistix? Fuq il-WP Ingliża dan huwa [[w:Template:Composition bar]] (Fuq kollox nispera li tfajt dal-messaġġ fiċ-'channel' tajjeb.)

[[Utent:Mtonna257|Mtonna257]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:Mtonna257|d]]) 10:24, 25 Awwissu 2022 (UTC)

:Ħloqt verżjoni tal-mudell fuq din il-wiki {{tl|Composition bar}}. Mhuwiex mibni kompletament fuq il-verżjoni tal-wiki Ingliża, pero naħseb għandu jaqdi l-għanijiet tiegħek. Kellimni f'każ li jkun hemm bżonn xi bidla. —[[Utent:Chrisportelli|Chrisportelli]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:Chrisportelli|d]]) 19:20, 25 Awwissu 2022 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>2dswp05ybq90meg6knxqap8y8q2o9yf</sha1>
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      <id>279768</id>
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      <comment>/* The 2022 Board of Trustees election Community Voting period is now open */ sezzjoni ġdida</comment>
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      <text bytes="86501" xml:space="preserve">{{Il-Pjazza}}
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== Paġna Prinċipali ==
Fuq il-paġna prinċipali hemm ''item'': Kommemorazzjonijiet...

Dan konna ħadnieh mit-Taljan:Oggi ricorre....
Ħlief għal xi ftit ġranet tas-sena dan ikun fih biss il-qaddisin ikkommemorati mill-Knisja Kattolika. Ta' min iżommu dan l-''item''?

Hemm ukoll Vetrina li rari jkun hemm xi ħaġa fiha. Nistgħu nuruha biss meta jkollna xi ħaġa x'nuru?

[[Utent:Leli Forte|Leli Forte]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:Leli Forte|d]]) 19:43, 16 Mej 2020 (UTC)
:Rigward il-Vetrina naħseb li tkun idea tajba li nippruvaw nerġgħu nqajjmuha. Fid-[[Utent:Chrisportelli/PaġnaPrinċipali|disinn il-ġdid]] li pproponejt hemma l-kaxxa tal-Vetrina però li nistgħu nagħmlu hu li kif qed tgħid int tinħeba meta ma jkunx hemm. —[[Utent:Chrisportelli|Chrisportelli]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:Chrisportelli|d]]) 06:07, 17 Mej 2020 (UTC)

:: L-aktar milli nikkunsidraw inżommux dan l-''item'' naħseb li tajjeb naraw hemmx lok li jsiru waħda minn żewġ affarijiet, jekk mhux it-tnejn: jew (a) naraw jistgħu jinħolqu paġni dwar dan il-qaddisin anke biex ma jkollnix daqs tant ħoloq ħomor fuq il-paġna prinċiali, u/jew (b) insibu mezz biex inżidu aktar magħhom flok qaddisin biss, jew kważi. Meta kont naħdem ma'/fuq aboutmalta.com kellna servizz ta' On This Day in Maltese History din kienet waħda mill-aktar paġni li kienet tiġbed nies lejha.
:: Dwar il-veterina naqbel kompletament ma' li qed tgħidu. {{irrispondi|Nevborg}} Kif għaddi r-Rebbiegħa CEE 2020 nistgħu naraw ma' WCM forsi nistgħu naraw noħolqux edit-a-tona fuq hekk, anke possibilment b'rabta ma' [[:en:Wikipedia:Vital_articles|dan li jidher hawn rigward paġni vitali għal mt.wikipedia]]. --[[Utent:ToniSant|ToniSant]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:ToniSant|d]]) 16:12, 19 Mej 2020 (UTC)

:::{{irrispondi|Chrisportelli}} Is-sena t-tajba! Bl-għajnuna ta' [[Utent:Dans]] ħdimna naqra fuq verżjoni tikka differenti minn dik li pproponejt int u jekk m'hemmx oġġezzjoni mingħandek jew xi ħadd ieħor (b'mod partikolari [[Utent:Leli Forte|Leli Forte]] (naqbel miegħek dwar il-Vetrina) u [[Utent:Nevborg|Nevborg]] (naqbel miegħek dwar il-mod kif ninvolvu lill-kommunità) li kienu parti mid-diskussjoni s'issa, allura għada filgħaxija noħorġuha għall-pubbliku bħala parti mill-ħidma li għaddejja bħalissa mill-kommunità b'rabta ma' [[Wikipedija:Wikipedia 20]]. Il-verżjoni li qed nipproponu tinstab [[Utent:Dans/Sandbox|hawn]]. Grazzi dejjem! --[[Utent:ToniSant|ToniSant]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:ToniSant|d]]) 18:19, 18 Jannar 2021 (UTC)
:::: Forsi nista' nerġa' nqajjem id-diskussjoni dwar &quot;Kommemorazzjonijiet&quot;. Araw ir-rimarka fil-bidu ta' din it-taqsima. —[[Utent:Leli Forte|Leli Forte]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:Leli Forte|d]]) 12:06, 19 Jannar 2021 (UTC)
:::::{{irrispondi|Leli Forte}} iva, grazzi. Punt tajjeb ħafna dan! Dwaru kien hemm żewġ kummenti fid-diskussjonijiet tal-kommunità illejla stess. L-ewwel huwa li hemm lok noħolqu attivitajiet biex intejbuh. Hemm il-mudell ta' 'On this day' mill-Ingliż li jidher ferm aħjar minn tat-Taljan għax rari jinkludi qaddisin.  It-tieni ħaġa hija li jekk inneħħuh ħabta u sabta il-Paġna Prinċipali taf tinħass naqra vojta.  Allura, dan li qed tgħid int huwa mhux biss punt tajjeb imma wieħed validissimu u li WCM qed tħares biex tużah fit-tfassil tal-attivitajiet tagħha.  Aktarx induru għal dan mill-ewwel wara li tgħaddi l-kampanja biex inżidu artikli dwar suġġetti essenzjali fil-Wikipedija bħala parti minn Wikipedia 20. --[[Utent:ToniSant|ToniSant]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:ToniSant|d]]) 17:16, 19 Jannar 2021 (UTC)
::::::{{irrispondi|Leli Forte}}{{irrispondi|ToniSant}} Naqbel li s-sezzjoni dwar &quot;Kommemorazzjonijiet&quot; tista titneħħa. Sa fejn naf jien din hija serje ta' files individwali li jridu jitneħħew individwalment. Jien naħseb li l-mudell Ingliż joffri iżjed varjazzjoni fit-tip ta' avvenimenti u nies li jiġu mfakkra. Naħseb ukoll li fiha ftit xogħol u ħsieb biex norganizzaw l-affarijiet sew - forsi nistgħu niddedikaw ftit ħin biex nippjanaw għalija waqt l-avvenimenti ta' Wikipedia 20 fil-ġimgħat li ġejjin? --[[Utent:Nevborg|Nevborg]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:Nevborg|d]]) 17:52, 19 Jannar 2021 (UTC)

== Abbozz == 
Nixtieq nerġa niftaħ id-diskussjoni fuq it-terminu &quot;abbozz&quot;. 

Dan konna iddusketejnieh hawn:

https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedija:Pjazza/Arkivju_2008#Stub_jew_Abbozz?

Xi artikli qsar ħafna ma jixirqilhom li jissejħu &quot;abbozz&quot; pereżemju https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papa .

Jien kont għedt:
&quot;Togħġobni l-idea tal-Olandiż: &quot;Begintje&quot; jew &quot;bidu żgħir&quot;. Forsi jmissna nivvintaw kliem ġdid fejn ma nsibux kelma adekwata bħal &quot;bdejju&quot; - bidu żgħir! &quot; 

Kont issuġġerejt ukoll &quot;nibbieta&quot;.

[[Utent:Leli Forte|Leli Forte]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:Leli Forte|d]]) 15:59, 19 Mej 2020 (UTC)

: {{irrispondi|Leli Forte}} Grazzi tassew ta' din. &quot;Abbozz&quot; huwa aktar &quot;draft&quot;, skond jien. Fl-ispirtu ta' dan li qed tipproponi inti, flok &quot;stub&quot; jiena kieku nipproponi &quot;loqma&quot; - xi tgħid? 

: Apparti hekk dan l-aħħar konna qed nitkellmu ukoll dwar aktar parametri li nistgħu norbtu mal-mudell &lt;nowiki&gt;{{stub}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;. {{irrispondi|Scutajar}} x'taħseb dwar din il-biċċa kollha? --[[Utent:ToniSant|ToniSant]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:ToniSant|d]]) 16:19, 19 Mej 2020 (UTC)

:: {{irrispondi|ToniSant}}Personalment &quot;loqma&quot; ma tantx togħġobni għax negattiva. Aquilina għal &quot;loqma&quot; jagħti piece of bread, morsel, a crust of bread. Kieku nippreferi xi ħaġa bħal &quot;Bidu ċkejken&quot; jew &quot;Nibbieta&quot; fis-sens li l-artiklu ħa jikber minnha.
:: [[Utent:Leli Forte|Leli Forte]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:Leli Forte|d]]) 16:39, 19 Mej 2020 (UTC)
:: {{irrispondi|ToniSant}} Milli rajt fuq il-Wikipedija bl-Ingliż, donnhom jintużaw mudelli differenti skont il-kategorija tal-artiklu, imma forsi kellek xi ideat oħra? Rigward l-isem, kemm &quot;loqma&quot; kif ukoll &quot;nibbieta&quot; jogħġbuni, imma minix l-ikbar espert fuq x'isem għandu jingħata. —[[Utent:Scutajar|Scutajar]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:Scutajar|d]]) 11:32, 20 Mej 2020 (UTC)

::: {{irrispondi|Leli Forte|Scutajar}}: Nasal naqbel magħkom faċilment. Loqma tassew li għandha konnotazzjonijiet negattivi, anke minħabba loqma ta' sigarett. Naħseb &quot;nibbieta&quot; ideali però mhux ċert għandiex tkun &quot;nebbieta&quot; minflok; [https://mlrs.research.um.edu.mt/resources/gabra/lexemes/view/55eea2269ba3c2094bf097ea araw hawn]. --[[Utent:ToniSant|ToniSant]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:ToniSant|d]]) 18:44, 21 Mej 2020 (UTC)
:::: {{irrispondi|ToniSant}}: Aquilina M-E jagħti t-tnejn (nibbieta/nebbieta). Jien kuntent bit-tnejn.

:::: Kont issuġġerejt dan:
{{ambox
| type  = style
| image = [[Image:Acer seedling drawing.png|55px]]
| text = '''Dan l-artiklu huwa [[Għajnuna:Stub|nibbieta]]''' li nittamaw li minnha jinbet artiklu sħiħ.&lt;br/&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-size: 90%;&quot;&gt;Jekk trid, tista' [{{SERVER}}{{localurl:{{NAMESPACE}}:{{PAGENAME}}|action=edit}} tikkontribwixxi issa] biex tkabbar u tiżviluppa dan l-artiklu, dejjem skont il-[[Għajnuna:Manwal tal-istil|konvenzjonijiet tal-Wikipedija]].&lt;br/&gt;Għal-lista tan-nibbitiet kollha, ara l-[[:category:stub|kategorija]] li għandha x'taqsam.&lt;/div&gt;
}}

::::[[Utent:Leli Forte|Leli Forte]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:Leli Forte|d]]) 16:47, 22 Mej 2020 (UTC)

:::::{{irrispondi|Leli Forte}} Din id-diskussjoni qamet ukoll waqt l-aħħar editathon tal-[[Wikipedija:Rebbiegħa CEE 2020]] ma' [[Utent:ToniSant|ToniSant]], [[Utent:Mewga|Mewga]], [[Utent:Angie Balzan|Angie Balzan]], [[Utent:EnriqueTabone|EnriqueTabone]], u [[Utent:Scutajar|Scutajar]]. Il-kunsens ġenerali kien li nużaw &quot;nebbieta&quot; u l-plural kollettiv ta' &quot;nebbitiet&quot;. Naħseb jekk ma hemm l-ebda oġġezzjoni nistgħu mmexxu b'dan il-mod. --[[Utent:Nevborg|Nevborg]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:Nevborg|d]]) 16:47, 29 Mej 2020 (UTC)
Araw diskussjoni oħra:

https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedija:Pjazza/Arkivju_2009#Stub

=== Abbozzi oħra ===
Hemm ukoll:

{{Abbandunat}}

u abbozzi bis-suġġett

{{Stub| Matematika}}

[[Utent:Leli Forte|Leli Forte]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:Leli Forte|d]]) 16:56, 22 Mej 2020 (UTC)

::{{irrispondi|Leli Forte}} Bħala azzjoni konkreta vis-a-vis dak li kiteb dwaru {{irrispondi|Nevborg}} hawn fuq, {{irrispondi|Scutajar}} u jien ħidmna biċċa sew illum biex nibdew naqilbu dawk li kienu abbozzi/stubs għal nebbieta, a bażi ta' dak li ddiskutejna fuq il-proposta tiegħek. Idealment, id-diskussjoni issa [[Diskussjoni_Wikipedija:Nebbieta|għandha timxi għal hawn]] u b'hekk nibdew nifirdu ħidma fuq livell infrastrutturali fuq dan l-aspett u dawk ta' politika ta' kif jitħaddmu, kif bdejna anke niddiskutu ukoll hawn taħt fis-suġġett/taqsima li jmiss. --[[Utent:ToniSant|ToniSant]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:ToniSant|d]]) 19:05, 29 Mej 2020 (UTC)

&lt;hr /&gt;

== Wiki Loves Folklore is back! ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;

{{int:please-translate}}

[[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|150px|frameless]]
You are humbly invited to participate in the '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2022|Wiki Loves Folklore 2022]]''' an international photography contest organized on Wikimedia Commons to document folklore and intangible cultural heritage from different regions, including, folk creative activities and many more. It is held every year from the '''1st till the 28th''' of February.

You can help in enriching the folklore documentation on Commons from your region by taking photos, audios, videos, and [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:UploadWizard&amp;campaign=wlf_2022 submitting] them in this commons contest.

You can also [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2022/Organize|organize a local contest]] in your country and support us in translating the [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2022/Translations|project pages]] to help us spread the word in your native language.

Feel free to contact us on our [[:c:Commons talk:Wiki Loves Folklore 2022|project Talk page]] if you need any assistance. 

'''Kind regards,'''

'''Wiki loves Folklore International Team'''

--[[Utent:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:MediaWiki message delivery|d]]) 13:15, 9 Jannar 2022 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
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== Feminism and Folklore 2022 ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;

{{int:please-translate}}

Greetings! You are invited to participate in '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2022|Feminism and Folklore 2022]]''' writing competion. This year Feminism and Folklore will focus on feminism, women biographies and gender-focused topics for the project in league with Wiki Loves Folklore gender gap focus with folk culture theme on Wikipedia.

You can help us in enriching the folklore documentation on Wikipedia from your region by creating or improving articles focused on folklore around the world, including, but not limited to folk festivals, folk dances, folk music, women and queer personalities in folklore, folk culture (folk artists, folk dancers, folk singers, folk musicians, folk game athletes, women in mythology, women warriors in folklore, witches and witch hunting, fairy tales and more. You can contribute to new articles or translate from the list of suggested articles [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2022/List of Articles|here]].

You can also support us in organizing the contest on your local Wikipedia by signing up your community to participate in this project and also translating the [[m:Feminism and Folklore 2022|project page]] and help us spread the word in your native language. 

Learn more about the contest and prizes from our project page. Feel free to contact us on our [[:m:Talk:Feminism and Folklore 2022|talk page]] or via Email if you need any assistance... 

Thank you.

'''Feminism and Folklore Team''',

[[User:Tiven2240|Tiven2240]]
--05:49, 11 Jannar 2022 (UTC)
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== Call for Feedback about the Board of Trustees elections is now open ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees/Call for feedback: Board of Trustees elections/Call for Feedback about the Board of Trustees elections is now open/Short|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees/Call for feedback: Board of Trustees elections/Call for Feedback about the Board of Trustees elections is now open/Short|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees/Call for feedback: Board of Trustees elections/Call for Feedback about the Board of Trustees elections is now open/Short}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

The Call for Feedback: Board of Trustees elections is now open and will close on 7 February 2022. 

With this Call for Feedback, the Movement Strategy and Governance team is taking a different approach. This approach incorporates community feedback from 2021. Instead of leading with proposals, the Call is framed around key questions from the Board of Trustees. The key questions came from the feedback about the 2021 Board of Trustees election. The intention is to inspire collective conversation and collaborative proposal development about these key questions.

[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees/Call for feedback: Board of Trustees elections|Join the conversation.]]

Best,

Movement Strategy and Governance&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] 01:04, 15 Jannar 2022 (UTC)
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== Subscribe to the This Month in Education newsletter - learn from others and share your stories ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Dear community members, 

Greetings from the EWOC Newsletter team and the education team at Wikimedia Foundation. We are very excited to share that we on tenth years of Education Newsletter ([[m:Education/News|This Month in Education]]) invite you to join us by [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|subscribing to the newsletter on your talk page]] or by [[m:Education/News/Newsroom|sharing your activities in the upcoming newsletters]]. The Wikimedia Education newsletter is a monthly newsletter that collects articles written by community members using Wikimedia projects in education around the world, and it is published by the EWOC Newsletter team in collaboration with the Education team. These stories can bring you new ideas to try, valuable insights about the success and challenges of our community members in running education programs in their context. 

If your affiliate/language project is developing its own education initiatives, please remember to take advantage of this newsletter to publish your stories with the wider movement that shares your passion for education. You can submit newsletter articles in your own language or submit bilingual articles for the education newsletter. For the month of January the deadline to submit articles is on the 20th January. We look forward to reading your stories.

Older versions of this newsletter can be found in the [[outreach:Education/Newsletter/Archives|complete archive]].

More information about the newsletter can be found at [[m:Education/News/Publication Guidelines|Education/Newsletter/About]].

For more information, please contact spatnaik{{@}}wikimedia.org.
------
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;[[m:Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[User:ZI Jony|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#8B0000&quot;&gt;'''ZI Jony'''&lt;/span&gt;]] [[User talk:ZI Jony|&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:Green&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;(Talk)&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;]], {{&lt;includeonly&gt;subst:&lt;/includeonly&gt;#time:l G:i, d F Y|}} (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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== Movement Strategy and Governance News – Issue 5 ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;ucoc-newsletter&quot;/&gt;
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/5/Global message|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/5/Global message}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:200%;&quot;&gt;'''Movement Strategy and Governance News'''&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:120%; color:#404040;&quot;&gt;'''Issue 5, January 2022'''&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:120%; float:right;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/5|'''Read the full newsletter''']]&lt;/span&gt;
----
Welcome to the fifth issue of Movement Strategy and Governance News (formerly known as Universal Code of Conduct News)! This revamped newsletter distributes relevant news and events about the Movement Charter, Universal Code of Conduct, Movement Strategy Implementation grants, Board elections and other relevant MSG topics.

This Newsletter will be distributed quarterly, while more frequent Updates will also be delivered weekly or bi-weekly to subscribers. Please remember to subscribe [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/MSG Newsletter Subscription|here]] if you would like to receive these updates.
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:3px; padding:10px 10px 10px 20px; background:#fffff; border:2px solid #808080; border-radius:4px; font-size:100%;&quot;&gt;

*'''Call for Feedback about the Board elections''' - We invite you to give your feedback on the upcoming WMF Board of Trustees election. This call for feedback went live on 10th January 2022 and will be concluded on 16th February 2022. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/5#Call for Feedback about the Board elections|continue reading]])
*'''Universal Code of Conduct Ratification''' - In 2021, the WMF asked communities about how to enforce the Universal Code of Conduct policy text. The revised draft of the enforcement guidelines should be ready for community vote in March. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/5#Universal Code of Conduct Ratification|continue reading]])
*'''Movement Strategy Implementation Grants''' - As we continue to review several interesting proposals, we encourage and welcome more proposals and ideas that target a specific initiative from the Movement Strategy recommendations. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/5#Movement Strategy Implementation Grants|continue reading]])
*'''The New Direction for the Newsletter''' - As the UCoC Newsletter transitions into MSG Newsletter, join the facilitation team in envisioning and deciding on the new directions for this newsletter. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/5#The New Direction for the Newsletter|continue reading]])
*'''Diff Blogs''' - Check out the most recent publications about MSG on Wikimedia Diff. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/5#Diff Blogs|continue reading]])&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;ucoc-newsletter&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] 03:27, 29 Jannar 2022 (UTC)
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== Updates on the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines Review ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/2022-02-02 Announcement|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/2022-02-02 Announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/2022-02-02 Announcement}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''
Hello everyone,

The Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees released a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board noticeboard/January 2022 - Board of Trustees on Community ratification of enforcement guidelines of UCoC|statement on the ratification process]] for the '''[[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines|Universal Code of Conduct (UCoC) Enforcement Guidelines]]'''.

The [[m:Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] (UCoC) provides a baseline of acceptable behavior for the entire movement. The UCoC and the Enforcement Guidelines were written by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Drafting committee|volunteer-staff drafting committees]] following community consultations.

The revised guidelines were published 24 January 2022 as a proposed way to apply the policy across the movement. There is a [[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Changes|list of changes made]] to the guidelines after the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement draft guidelines review|enforcement draft guidelines review]]. '''Comments about the guidelines can be shared [[m:Talk:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines|on the Enforcement Guidelines talk page on Meta-wiki]].'''

To help to understand the guidelines and process, the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance|Movement Strategy and Governance]] (MSG) team will be hosting Conversation Hours on 4 February 2022 at 15:00 UTC, 25 February 2022 at 12:00 UTC, and 4 March 2022 at 15:00 UTC. '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Conversations|Join the conversation hours to speak with the UCoC project team and drafting committee members about the updated guidelines and voting process]].'''

The [[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Project#Timeline|timeline is available on Meta-wiki]]. The voting period is March 7 to 21. All eligible voters will have an opportunity to support or oppose the adoption of the Enforcement guidelines, and share why. '''[[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting|See the voting information page for more details]].'''

Many participants from across the movement have provided valuable input in these ongoing conversations. The UCoC and MSG teams want to thank the Drafting Committee and the community members for their contributions to this process. 

Sincerely,

Movement Strategy and Governance&lt;br/&gt;
Wikimedia Foundation&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] 03:55, 4 Frar 2022 (UTC)
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== ĦU SEHEM: Wiki Loves Folklore 2022 f'Malta ==

[[Stampa:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|130px|lemin]]
'''Wiki Loves Folklore''' huwa konkors annwali tal-fotografija miftuħ għal kulħadd, fejn int ukoll tista' żżid ritratti ta' aspetti mill-kultura folkoristika f'Malta u f'pajjiżi oħra madwar id-dinja. Din hija l-ewwel sena li Malta qed tkun inkluża f'din l-attività globali. F'Malta din l-inzjattiva titmexxa minn [[metawiki:Wikimedia Community User Group Malta|Wikimedia Community Malta]] li jorganizzaw attivitajiet ta' taħriġ u informazzjoni online għal min jixtieq jieħu sehem kull nhar ta' Ħamis fis-6pm matul ix-xahar ta' Frar.&lt;div class=&quot;main-footer&quot;&gt;''Ħu sehem minn din il-ħolqa fuq Wikimedia Commons: [[c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Folklore_2022_in_Malta|Wiki Loves Folklore 2022 in Malta]]. --'' [[Utent:ToniSant|ToniSant]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:ToniSant|d]]) 16:43, 8 Frar 2022 (UTC)

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Leadership Development Task Force: Your feedback is appreciated&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership Development Task Force/Call for Feedback Announcement|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership Development Task Force/Call for Feedback Announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Leadership Development Task Force/Call for Feedback Announcement}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

The Community Development team at the Wikimedia Foundation is supporting the creation of a global, community-driven Leadership Development Task Force. The purpose of the task force is to advise leadership development work.

The team is looking for feedback about the responsibilities of the Leadership Development Task Force. This Meta page shares the proposal for a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership Development Task Force|Leadership Development Task Force]] and how [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership Development Task Force/Participate|you can help.]] Feedback on the proposal will be collected from 7 to 25 February 2022.&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] 02:35, 9 Frar 2022 (UTC)
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== Wiki Loves Folklore is extended till 15th March ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;{{int:please-translate}}

[[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|frameless|180px]]
Greetings from Wiki Loves Folklore International Team,

We are pleased to inform you that [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore|Wiki Loves Folklore]] an international photographic contest on Wikimedia Commons has been extended till the '''15th of March 2022'''. The scope of the contest is focused on folk culture of different regions on categories, such as, but not limited to, folk festivals, folk dances, folk music, folk activities, etc.

We would like to have your immense participation in the photographic contest to document your local Folk culture on Wikipedia. You can also help with the [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2022/Translations|translation]] of project pages and share a word in your local language.

Best wishes,

'''International Team'''&lt;br /&gt;
'''Wiki Loves Folklore'''

[[Utent:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:MediaWiki message delivery|d]]) 04:50, 22 Frar 2022 (UTC)
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== Coming soon ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
=== Several improvements around templates ===
Hello, from March 9, several improvements around templates will become available on your wiki:
* Fundamental improvements of the [[Mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User guide#Editing templates|VisualEditor template dialog]] ([[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/VisualEditor template dialog improvements|1]], [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Removing a template from a page using the VisualEditor|2]]),
* Improvements to make it easier to put a template on a page ([[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Finding and inserting templates|3]]) (for the template dialogs in [[Mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User guide#Editing templates|VisualEditor]], [[Mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:WikiEditor#/media/File:VectorEditorBasic-en.png|2010 Wikitext]] and [[Mw:Special:MyLanguage/2017 wikitext editor|New Wikitext Mode]]),
* and improvements in the syntax highlighting extension [[Mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] ([[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Improved Color Scheme of Syntax Highlighting|4]], [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Bracket Matching|5]]) (which is available on wikis with writing direction left-to-right).

All these changes are part of the “[[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Templates|Templates]]” project by [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes|WMDE Technical Wishes]]. We hope they will help you in your work, and we would love to hear your feedback on the talk pages of these projects. &lt;/div&gt; - [[m:User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|Johanna Strodt (WMDE)]] 12:38, 28 Frar 2022 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Remember to Participate in the UCoC Conversations and Ratification Vote!&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting/Announcement|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting/Announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting/Announcement}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

Hello everyone,

A [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines/Voting|'''vote in SecurePoll from 7 to 21 March 2022''']] is scheduled as part of the ratification process for the Universal Code of Conduct (UCoC) Enforcement guidelines. Eligible voters are invited to answer a poll question and share comments. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines/Voter_information|Read voter information and eligibility details.]] During the poll, voters will be asked if they support the enforcement of the Universal Code of Conduct based on the proposed guidelines.

The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] (UCoC) provides a baseline of acceptable behavior for the entire movement. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines|revised enforcement guidelines]] were published 24 January 2022 as a proposed way to apply the policy across the movement. A [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Board_noticeboard/January_2022_-_Board_of_Trustees_on_Community_ratification_of_enforcement_guidelines_of_UCoC|Wikimedia Foundation Board statement]] calls for a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines/Voting|ratification process]] where eligible voters will have an opportunity to support or oppose the adoption of the UCoC Enforcement guidelines in a vote. Wikimedians are invited to [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines/Voter_information/Volunteer|translate and share important information]]. For more information about the UCoC, please see the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Project|project page]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/FAQ|frequently asked questions]] on Meta-wiki.

There are events scheduled to learn more and discuss:
* A [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Conversations/Panel_Q&amp;A|community panel]] recorded on 18 February 2022 shares perspectives from small- and medium-sized community participants.
* The [[m:Movement Strategy and Governance|Movement Strategy and Governance]] (MSG) team is hosting Conversation Hours on 4 March 2022 at 15:00 UTC. Please [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Conversations|'''sign-up''']] to interact with the project team and the drafting committee about the updated enforcement guidelines and the ratification process. See the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/2022_conversation_hour_summaries|Conversation Hour summaries]] for notes from 4 February 2022 and 25 February 2022.

You can comment on Meta-wiki talk pages in any language. You may also contact either team by email: msg[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org or ucocproject[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org

Sincerely,

Movement Strategy and Governance &lt;br /&gt;
Wikimedia Foundation &lt;br /&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] 02:17, 2 Marzu 2022 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement guidelines ratification voting open from 7 to 21 March 2022&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Vote|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Vote|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Vote}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

Hello everyone,

The ratification voting process for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines|revised enforcement guidelines]] of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] (UCoC) is now open! '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting|Voting commenced on SecurePoll]]''' on 7 March 2022 and will conclude on 21 March 2022. Please [[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voter information|read more on the voter information and eligibility details]].

The Universal Code of Conduct (UCoC) provides a baseline of acceptable behavior for the entire movement. The revised enforcement guidelines were published 24 January 2022 as a proposed way to apply the policy across the movement. You can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Project|read more about the UCoC project]].

You can also comment on Meta-wiki talk pages in any language. You may also contact the team by email: ucocproject[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org

Sincerely,

Movement Strategy and Governance

Wikimedia Foundation&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] 00:52, 8 Marzu 2022 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Invitation to Hubs event: Global Conversation on 2022-03-12 at 13:00 UTC&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;Hello! 

The Movement Strategy and Governance team of the Wikimedia Foundation would like to invite you to the next event about &quot;Regional and Thematic Hubs&quot;. The Wikimedia Movement is in the process of understanding what Regional and Thematic Hubs should be. Our workshop in November was a good start ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Hubs/Documentation/27 November Workshop|read the report]]), but we're not finished yet. 

Over the last weeks we conducted about 16 interviews with groups working on establishing a Hub in their context ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Hubs/Dialogue|see Hubs Dialogue]]). These interviews informed a report that will serve as a foundation for discussion on March 12. The report is planned to be published on March 9.

The event will take place on March 12, 13:00 to 16:00 UTC on Zoom. Interpretation will be provided in French, Spanish, Arabic, Russian, and Portuguese. Registration is open, and will close on March 10. Anyone interested in the topic is invited to join us. '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Hubs/Global Conversations March 12, 2022|More information on the event on Meta-wiki]]'''.

Best regards,

[[m:User:KVaidla (WMF)|Kaarel Vaidla]]&lt;br /&gt;Movement Strategy
&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

01:31, 10 Marzu 2022 (UTC)
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== Wiki Loves Folklore 2022 ends tomorrow ==

[[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|frameless|180px]]
International photographic contest [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2022| Wiki Loves Folklore 2022]] ends on 15th March 2022 23:59:59 UTC. This is the last chance of the year to upload images about local folk culture, festival, cuisine, costume, folklore etc on Wikimedia Commons. Watch out our social media handles for regular updates and declaration of Winners. 

([https://www.facebook.com/WikiLovesFolklore/ Facebook] , [https://twitter.com/WikiFolklore Twitter ] , [https://www.instagram.com/wikilovesfolklore/ Instagram])

The writing competition Feminism and Folklore will run till 31st of March 2022 23:59:59 UTC. Write about your local folk tradition, women, folk festivals, folk dances, folk music, folk activities, folk games, folk cuisine, folk wear, folklore, and tradition, including ballads, folktales, fairy tales, legends, traditional song and dance, folk plays, games, seasonal events, calendar customs, folk arts, folk religion, mythology etc. on your local Wikipedia. Check if your [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2022/Project Page|local Wikipedia is participating]]

A special competition called '''Wiki Loves Falles''' is organised in Spain and the world during 15th March 2022 till 15th April 2022 to document local folk culture and [[:en:Falles|Falles]] in Valencia, Spain. Learn more about it on  [[:ca:Viquiprojecte:Falles 2022|Catalan Wikipedia project page]].

We look forward for your immense co-operation.

Thanks 
Wiki Loves Folklore international Team
[[Utent:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:MediaWiki message delivery|d]]) 14:40, 14 Marzu 2022 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Leadership Development Working Group: Apply to join! (14 March to 10 April 2022)&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership Development Working Group/Participate/Announcement|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership Development Working Group/Participate/Announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Leadership Development Working Group/Participate/Announcement}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

Hello everyone,

Thank you to everyone who participated in the feedback period for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership Development Working Group|Leadership Development Working Group]] initiative. A [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership Development Working Group/Participate#5. Summary of Call for Feedback|summary of the feedback]] can be found on Meta-wiki. This feedback will be shared with the working group to inform their work. The application period to join the Working Group is now open and will close on April 10, 2022. Please [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership_Development_Working_Group/Purpose_and_Structure#3._How_is_the_working_group_formed_and_structured?|review the information about the working group]], share with community members who might be interested, and '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership_Development_Working_Group/Participate#1._How_to_participate|apply if you are interested]]'''.

Thank you,

From the Community Development team&lt;br /&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] 02:20, 18 Marzu 2022 (UTC)
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== Rebbiegħa CEE 2022 ==

[[Stampa:Rebbiegħa_CEE_logo.jpg|alt=CEE Spring logo|daqsminuri|Rebbiegħa CEE 2022]]
L-għaqda voluntarja Wikimedia Community Malta (WCM) qed tistiednek tieħu sehem fit-tielet edizzjoni tal-konkors Rebbiegħa CEE 2022 fuq il-Wikipedija bil-Malti bejn il-21 ta' Marzu u l-20 ta' Ġunju 2022. Matul dan il-perjodu, il-WCM qed torganizza numru ta' edit-a-toni għal min jixtieq jitgħallem aktar dwar kif jinkitbu l-artiklu fuq il-Wikipedija. 

Ingħaqad ma' komunitajiet oħra tal-Wikipedia madwar id-dinja biex tittraduċi artikli dwar suġġetti li għandhom x'jaqsmu mal-Ewropa Ċentrali u tal-Lvant. Hemm diversi premjijiet x'jintrebħu f'dan il-konkors. Id-dettalji kollha ssibhom fuq il-paġna [[Wikipedija:Rebbiegħa CEE 2022]]. -- [[Utent:ToniSant|ToniSant]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:ToniSant|d]]) 09:34, 21 Marzu 2022 (UTC)

== Feminism and Folklore 2022 ends soon ==

[[File:Feminism and Folklore 2022 logo.svg|right|frameless|250px]]
[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2022|Feminism and Folklore 2022]] which is an international writing contest organized at Wikipedia ends soon that is on &lt;b&gt;31 March 2022 11:59 UTC&lt;/b&gt;. This is the last chance of the year to write about feminism, women biographies and gender-focused topics such as &lt;i&gt;folk festivals, folk dances, folk music, folk activities, folk games, folk cuisine, folk wear, fairy tales, folk plays, folk arts, folk religion, mythology, folk artists, folk dancers, folk singers, folk musicians, folk game athletes, women in mythology, women warriors in folklore, witches and witch hunting, fairy tales and more&lt;/i&gt;

Keep an eye on the project page for declaration of Winners. 

We look forward for your immense co-operation.

Thanks 
Wiki Loves Folklore international Team
[[Utent:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:MediaWiki message delivery|d]]) 14:29, 26 Marzu 2022 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement guidelines ratification voting is now closed&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Vote/Closing message|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Vote/Closing message|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Vote/Closing message}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''
Greetings,

The ratification voting process for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines|revised enforcement guidelines]] of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] (UCoC) came to a close on 21 March 2022. Over {{#expr:2300}} Wikimedians voted across different regions of our movement. Thank you to everyone who participated in this process! The scrutinizing group is now reviewing the vote for accuracy, so please allow up to two weeks for them to finish their work.

The final results from the voting process will be announced [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting/Results|here]], along with the relevant statistics and a summary of comments as soon as they are available. Please check out [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voter information|the voter information page]] to learn about the next steps. You can comment on the project talk page [[m:Talk:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines|on Meta-wiki]] in any language. You may also contact the UCoC project team by email: ucocproject[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org

Best regards,

Movement Strategy and Governance&lt;br /&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] 01:53, 30 Marzu 2022 (UTC)
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== Konkors Internazzjonali Wiki Loves Monuments 2021 ==

[[File:Portes des Bombes in Floriana, Malta.jpg|300px|Bieb il-Bombi bil-lejl|lemin]]Ritratt tal-utent [[c:Special:ListFiles/Gizwardu|Gizwardu]] (George Abdilla) li juri [[Portes des Bombes|Portes de Bombes]] bil-lejl ġie kklassifikat fl-14-il-post fil-[[commons:Wiki Loves Monuments 2021 winners|konkors internazzjonali Wiki Loves Monuments tal-2021]]. Tajjeb ngħidu li f'dan l-konkors ħadu ikkompetew 172,465 ritratt minn 37 pajjiż madwar id-dinja.  

Il-konkors Wiki Loves Monuments huwa organizzat f'Malta kull sena minn Wikimedia Community Malta matul ix-xahar ta' Settembru. L-aqwa 10 ritratt minn kull sena ([[:commons:Wiki_Loves_Monuments_2021_winners#Malta|ara tal-2021]]) jieħdu sehem ukoll fil-konkors internazzjonali organizzat mill-Fondazzjoni Wikimedia fl-ewwel xhur tas-sena ta' wara. 

[http://www.wikimalta.org Wikimedia Community Malta] tifraħ lil dan l-utent ta' dan is-suċċess u bi pjaċir issa naraw dan ir-ritratt fl-artiklu bil-Malti u bl-Ingliż dwar Bieb il-Bombi fil-Furjana.

Prosit, George! -- [[Utent:ToniSant|ToniSant]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:ToniSant|d]]) 14:59, 20 April 2022 (UTC)

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Movement Strategy and Governance News – Issue 6&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;msg-newsletter&quot;/&gt;
&lt;div style = &quot;line-height: 1.2&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:200%;&quot;&gt;'''Movement Strategy and Governance News'''&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:120%; color:#404040;&quot;&gt;'''Issue 6, April 2022'''&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:120%; float:right;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/6|'''Read the full newsletter''']]&lt;/span&gt;
----

Welcome to the sixth issue of Movement Strategy and Governance News! This revamped newsletter distributes relevant news and events about the Movement Charter, Universal Code of Conduct, Movement Strategy Implementation grants, Board of trustees elections and other relevant MSG topics.

This Newsletter will be distributed quarterly, while the more frequent Updates will also be delivered weekly. Please remember to subscribe [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/MSG Newsletter Subscription|here]] if you would like to receive future issues of this newsletter.
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:3px; padding:10px 10px 10px 20px; background:#fffff; border:2px solid #808080; border-radius:4px; font-size:100%;&quot;&gt;

*'''Leadership Development -''' A Working Group is Forming! - The application to join the Leadership Development Working Group closed on April 10th, 2022, and up to 12 community members will be selected to participate in the working group. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/6#A1|continue reading]])
*'''Universal Code of Conduct Ratification Results are out! -''' The global decision process on the enforcement of the UCoC via SecurePoll was held from 7 to 21 March. Over 2,300 eligible voters from at least 128 different home projects submitted their opinions and comments. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/6#A2|continue reading]])
*'''Movement Discussions on Hubs -''' The Global Conversation event on Regional and Thematic Hubs was held on Saturday, March 12, and was attended by 84 diverse Wikimedians from across the movement. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/6#A3|continue reading]])
*'''Movement Strategy Grants Remain Open! -''' Since the start of the year, six proposals with a total value of about $80,000 USD have been approved. Do you have a movement strategy project idea? Reach out to us! ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/6#A4|continue reading]])
*'''The Movement Charter Drafting Committee is All Set! -''' The Committee of fifteen members which was elected in October 2021, has agreed on the essential values and methods for its work, and has started to create the outline of the Movement Charter draft. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/6#A5|continue reading]])
*'''Introducing Movement Strategy Weekly -''' Contribute and Subscribe! - The MSG team have just launched the updates portal, which is connected to the various Movement Strategy pages on Meta-wiki. Subscriber to get  up-to-date news about the various ongoing projects. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/6#A6|continue reading]])
*'''Diff Blogs -''' Check out the most recent publications about Movement Strategy on Wikimedia Diff. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/6#A7|continue reading]])
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;msg-newsletter&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

Also, a draft of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2022-2023/draft|'''2022-23 Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan''']] has been published. Input is being sought on-wiki and during [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2022-2023/Conversations|'''several conversations''' with Wikimedia Foundation CEO Maryana Iskander]].

[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2022-2023/Conversations/Announcement|See full announcement on Meta-wiki]]. [[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] 01:45, 22 April 2022 (UTC)
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== New Wikipedia Library Collections Available Now - April 2022 ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;

Hello Wikimedians! 
[[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|upright|The TWL owl says sign up today!]]
[[m:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] has free access to new paywalled reliable sources. You can these and dozens more collections at https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/:
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/128/ Wiley]''' – journals, books, and research resources, covering life, health, social, and physical sciences
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/125/ OECD]''' – OECD iLibrary, Data, and Multimedia​​ published by the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/129/ SPIE Digital Library]''' – journals and eBooks on optics and photonics applied research

Many other sources are freely available for experienced editors, including collections which recently became accessible to all eligible editors: Cambridge University Press, BMJ, AAAS, Érudit and more.

Do better research and help expand the use of high quality references across Wikipedia projects: log in today!
&lt;br&gt;--The Wikipedia Library Team 13:17, 26 April 2022 (UTC)

:&lt;small&gt;This message was delivered via the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/MassMessage#Global_message_delivery Global Mass Message] tool to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List].&lt;/small&gt;
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== Coming soon: Improvements for templates ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;!--T:11--&gt;
[[File:Overview of changes in the VisualEditor template dialog by WMDE Technical Wishes.webm|thumb|Fundamental changes in the template dialog.]]
Hello, more changes around templates are coming to your wiki soon:

The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User guide#Editing templates|'''template dialog''' in VisualEditor]] and in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/2017 wikitext editor|2017 Wikitext Editor]] (beta) will be '''improved fundamentally''': 
This should help users understand better what the template expects, how to navigate the template, and how to add parameters. 
* [[metawiki:WMDE Technical Wishes/VisualEditor template dialog improvements|project page]], [[metawiki:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/VisualEditor template dialog improvements|talk page]]

In '''syntax highlighting''' ([[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] extension), you can activate a '''colorblind-friendly''' color scheme with a user setting. 
* [[metawiki:WMDE Technical Wishes/Improved Color Scheme of Syntax Highlighting#Color-blind_mode|project page]], [[metawiki:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Improved Color Scheme of Syntax Highlighting|talk page]]

Deployment is planned for May 10. This is the last set of improvements from [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes|WMDE Technical Wishes']] focus area “[[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Templates|Templates]]”. 

We would love to hear your feedback on our talk pages!
&lt;/div&gt; -- [[m:User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|Johanna Strodt (WMDE)]] 11:14, 29 April 2022 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Editing news 2022 #1&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;message&quot;/&gt;&lt;i&gt;[[metawiki:VisualEditor/Newsletter/2022/April|Read this in another language]] • [[m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|Subscription list for this multilingual newsletter]]&lt;/i&gt;
[[File:Junior Contributor New Topic Tool Completion Rate.png|thumb|New editors were more successful with this new tool.]]

The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools#New discussion tool|New topic tool]] helps editors create new ==Sections== on discussion pages.  New editors are more successful with this new tool.  You can [[mw:Talk pages project/New topic#21 April 2022|read the report]].  Soon, the Editing team will offer this to all editors at the 20 Wikipedias that participated in the test.  You will be able to turn it off at [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing-discussion]].&lt;section end=&quot;message&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:Whatamidoing (WMF)|Whatamidoing (WMF)]] 18:55, 2 Mejju 2022 (UTC)
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== 2022 Board of Trustees Call for Candidates ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt; 
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Call for Candidates/Short|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Call for Candidates/Short|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Call for Candidates/Short}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

The Board of Trustees seeks candidates for the 2022 Board of Trustees election. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Announcement/Call_for_Candidates|'''Read more on Meta-wiki.''']]

The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022|2022 Board of Trustees election]] is here! Please consider submitting your candidacy to serve on the Board of Trustees.

The Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees oversees the Wikimedia Foundation's operations. Community-and-affiliate selected trustees and Board-appointed trustees make up the Board of Trustees. Each trustee serves a three year term. The Wikimedia community has the opportunity to vote for community-and-affiliate selected trustees.

The Wikimedia community will vote to fill two seats on the Board in 2022. This is an opportunity to improve the representation, diversity, and expertise of the Board as a team.

;Who are potential candidates? Are you a potential candidate? Find out more on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Apply to be a Candidate|Apply to be a Candidate page]].

Thank you for your support, 

Movement Strategy and Governance on behalf of the Elections Committee and the Board of Trustees&lt;br /&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
10:39, 10 Mejju 2022 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Revisions to the Universal Code of Conduct (UCoC) Enforcement Guidelines&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Revision discussions/Announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Revision discussions/Announcement}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''
Hello all,

We'd like to provide an update on the work on the Enforcement Guidelines for the Universal Code of Conduct.  After the conclusion of the community vote on the guidelines in March, the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee|Community Affairs committee (CAC)]] of the Board [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikimedia-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/JAYQN3NYKCHQHONMUONYTI6WRKZFQNSC/ asked that several areas of the guidelines be reviewed for improvements] before the Board does its final review. These areas were identified based on community discussions and comments provided during the vote. The CAC also requested review of the controversial Note in 3.1 of the UCoC itself.

Once more, a big thank you to all who voted, especially to all who left constructive feedback and comments!  The project team is working with the Board to establish a timeline for this work, and will communicate this next month. 

Members of the two prior [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Drafting committee|UCoC Drafting Committees]] have generously offered their time to help shape improvements to the Guidelines. You can read more about them and their work [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Drafting committee#Revisions_Committee|here]], as well as read [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Drafting_committee/Phase_2_meeting_summaries#2022|summaries of their weekly meetings in 2022]]. 

Wikimedians have provided many valuable comments together with the vote and in other conversations. Given the size and diversity of the Wikimedia community, there are even more voices out there who can give ideas on how to improve the enforcement guidelines and add even more valuable ideas to the process. To help the Revisions committee identify improvements, input on several questions for the committee’s review is requested. Visit the Meta-wiki pages ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines/Revision_discussions|Enforcement Guidelines revision discussions]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Policy text/Revision_discussions|Policy text revision discussions]]) to get your ideas to the Committee - it is very important that viewpoints are heard from different communities before the Committee begins drafting revision proposals.

On behalf of the UCoC project team &lt;br /&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] 22:56, 3 Ġunju 2022 (UTC)
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== Wiki Loves Earth 2022 f'Malta ==

[[Stampa:WLE_Austria_Logo_(transparent).svg|lemin|200x200px]]
Malta qed tieħu sehem għall-ewwel darba fil-konkors '''[[c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Earth_2022_in_Malta|Wiki Loves Earth]]''' matul ix-xahar ta' Ġunju. Diversi utenti tal-Wikipedija jingħaqdu kull sena ma' komunitajiet oħra tal-Wikimedia madwar id-dinja għal konkors fotografiku dwar wirt naturali protett. F'Malta dan qed isir bil-kollaborazzjoni ta' [[metawiki:Wikimedia Community User Group Malta|Wikimedia Community Malta]]. Ir-rebbieħa ta' dan il-konkors jitħabbru f'Awwissu. [[Utent:ToniSant|ToniSant]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:ToniSant|d]]) 08:32, 5 Ġunju 2022 (UTC)

== Results of Wiki Loves Folklore 2022 is out! ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
{{int:please-translate}}
[[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|150px|frameless]]

Hi, Greetings

The winners for '''[[c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2022|Wiki Loves Folklore 2022]]''' is announced!

We are happy to share with you winning images for this year's edition. This year saw over 8,584 images represented on commons in over 92 countries. Kindly see images '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2022/Winners|here]]'''

Our profound gratitude to all the people who participated and organized local contests and photo walks for this project.

We hope to have you contribute to the campaign next year.

'''Thank you,'''

'''Wiki Loves Folklore International Team'''

--[[Utent:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:MediaWiki message delivery|d]]) 16:12, 4 Lulju 2022 (UTC)

&lt;/div&gt;
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== Enabling Section Translation: a new mobile translation experience ==

{{int:Hello}} Maltese Wikipedians!

Apologies as this message is not in Maltese language, {{Int:Please-translate}}.

The [[mw:Wikimedia_Language_engineering|WMF Language team]] is pleased to let you know that we will like to enable the [[mw:Content_translation/Section_translation|Section translation]] tool in Maltese Wikipedia. For this, our team will love you to read about the tool and test it so you can:

* Give us your feedback
* Ask us questions
* Tell us how to improve it.

Below is background information about Section translation, why we have chosen your community, and how to test it.

'''Background information'''

[[mw:Content_translation|Content Translation]] has been a successful tool for editors to create content in their language. More than one million articles have been created across all languages since the tool was released in 2015. The Wikimedia Foundation Language team has improved the translation experience further with the Section Translation. The WMF Language team enabled the early version of the tool in February in Bengali Wikipedia. Through their feedback, the tool was improved and ready for your community to test and help us with feedback to make it better.

[https://design.wikimedia.org/strategy/section-translation.html Section Translation] extends the capabilities of Content Translation to support mobile devices. On mobile, the tool will:

* Guide you to translate one section at a time in order to expand existing articles or create new ones.
* Make it easy to transfer knowledge across languages anytime from your mobile device.

Maltese Wikipedia seems an ideal candidate to enjoy this new tool since data shows significant mobile editing activity.

We plan to enable the tool on Maltese Wikipedia in the coming weeks if there are no objections from your community. After it is enabled, we’ll monitor the content created with the tool and process all the feedback. In any case, feel free to raise any concerns or questions you may already have in any of the following formats:

* As a reply to this message
* On [[mw:Talk:Content_translation/Section_translation|the project talk page]].

'''Try the tool'''

Before the enablement, you can try the current implementation of the tool in [https://test.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:ContentTranslation our testing instance]. Once it is enabled on Maltese Wikipedia, you’ll have access to [[:ts:Special:ContentTranslation|https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:ContentTranslation]] with your mobile device. You can select an article to translate, and machine translation will be provided as a starting point for editors to improve.

'''Provide feedback'''

Please provide feedback about Section translation in any of the formats you are most comfortable with. We want to hear about your impressions on:

* The tool
* What you think about our plans to enable it
* Your ideas for improving the tool.

Thanks, and we look forward to your feedback and questions.

[[Utent:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:UOzurumba (WMF)|d]]) 05:23, 7 Lulju 2022 (UTC) On behalf of the WMF Language team

'''PS''': Sending your feedback or questions in English is particularly appreciated. But, you can still send them in the language of your choice.

===Section Translation tool enabled in Maltese Wikipedia===

Hello Friends!
 
The Language team is pleased to let you know that the [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Content_translation/Section_translation Section Translation] tool is [https://mt.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:ContentTranslation?title=Especial:Traducci%C3%B3n_de_contenidos&amp;from=en&amp;to=mt&amp;sx=true&amp;section=#/ now enabled in Maltese Wikipedia]. It means you can translate real content one section at a time using your mobile devices with ease.

Now you can also start translating an article on your mobile device right when you notice it is missing in Maltese. From a Wikipedia article in any language, switch languages and search for Malti. If the article does not exist, an option to translate it will appear, as shown in the image below.
 
[[File:Sx-language-selector-invite-th.png|thumb|center|Image of the entry point]]

Content created with the tool will be marked [https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spe%C4%8Bjali:Re%C4%A1istru?type=&amp;user=&amp;page=&amp;wpdate=&amp;tagfilter=sectiontranslation&amp;wpfilters%5B%5D=newusers with the “sectiontranslation” tag] for the community to review. We’ll monitor the content created, but we are very interested in hearing about your experience using the tool and reviewing the content created with it. 
 
So, [https://mt.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:ContentTranslation enjoy the tool] and [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Talk:Content_translation/Section_translation provide feedback] on improving it.

Thank you!

[[Utent:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:UOzurumba (WMF)|d]]) 16:59, 10 Awwissu 2022 (UTC)

== Propose statements for the 2022 Election Compass ==

:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Propose statements for the 2022 Election Compass| You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Propose statements for the 2022 Election Compass|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Propose statements for the 2022 Election Compass}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

Hi all,

Community members in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022|2022 Board of Trustees election]] are invited to [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Community_Voting/Election_Compass|propose statements to use in the Election Compass.]]

An Election Compass is a tool to help voters select the candidates that best align with their beliefs and views. The community members will propose statements for the candidates to answer using a Lickert scale (agree/neutral/disagree). The candidates’ answers to the statements will be loaded into the Election Compass tool. Voters will use the tool by entering in their answer to the statements (agree/disagree/neutral). The results will show the candidates that best align with the voter’s beliefs and views.

;Here is the timeline for the Election Compass:

* July 8 - 20: Community members propose statements for the Election Compass
* July 21 - 22: Elections Committee reviews statements for clarity and removes off-topic statements
* July 23 - August 1: Volunteers vote on the statements
* August 2 - 4: Elections Committee selects the top 15 statements
* August 5 - 12: candidates align themselves with the statements
* August 15: The Election Compass opens for voters to use to help guide their voting decision

The Elections Committee will select the top 15 statements at the beginning of August. The Elections Committee will oversee the process, supported by the Movement Strategy and Governance team. MSG will check that the questions are clear, there are no duplicates, no typos, and so on.

Best,

Movement Strategy and Governance

''This message was sent on behalf of the Board Selection Task Force and the Elections Committee''&lt;br /&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;

[[User:MNadzikiewicz (WMF)|MNadzikiewicz (WMF)]] ([[User talk:MNadzikiewicz (WMF)|talk]]) 11:34, 14 Lulju 2022 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:MNadzikiewicz (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Strategy_and_Governance/Delivery&amp;oldid=23215441 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Movement Strategy and Governance News – Issue 7&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;msg-newsletter&quot;/&gt;
&lt;div style = &quot;line-height: 1.2&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:200%;&quot;&gt;'''Movement Strategy and Governance News'''&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:120%; color:#404040;&quot;&gt;'''Issue 7, July-September 2022'''&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:120%; float:right;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7|'''Read the full newsletter''']]&lt;/span&gt; 
----
Welcome to the 7th issue of Movement Strategy and Governance News! The newsletter distributes relevant news and events about the implementation of Wikimedia's [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy/Initiatives|Movement Strategy recommendations]], other relevant topics regarding Movement governance, as well as different projects and activities supported by the Movement Strategy and Governance (MSG) team of the Wikimedia Foundation.  

The MSG Newsletter is delivered quarterly, while the more frequent [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy/Updates|Movement Strategy Weekly]] will be delivered weekly. Please remember to subscribe [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/MSG Newsletter Subscription|here]] if you would like to receive future issues of this newsletter.
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:3px; padding:10px 10px 10px 20px; background:#fffff; border:2px solid #808080; border-radius:4px; font-size:100%;&quot;&gt; 

* '''Movement sustainability''': Wikimedia Foundation's annual sustainability report has been published. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A1|continue reading]])
* '''Improving user experience''': recent improvements on the desktop interface for Wikimedia projects. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A2|continue reading]])
* '''Safety and inclusion''': updates on the revision process of the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A3|continue reading]])
* '''Equity in decisionmaking''': reports from Hubs pilots conversations, recent progress from the Movement Charter Drafting Committee, and a new white paper for futures of participation in the Wikimedia movement. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A4|continue reading]])
* '''Stakeholders coordination''': launch of a helpdesk for Affiliates and volunteer communities working on content partnership. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A5|continue reading]])
* '''Leadership development''': updates on leadership projects by Wikimedia movement organizers in Brazil and Cape Verde. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A6|continue reading]])
* '''Internal knowledge management''': launch of a new portal for technical documentation and community resources. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A7|continue reading]])
* '''Innovate in free knowledge''': high-quality audiovisual resources for scientific experiments and a new toolkit to record oral transcripts. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A8|continue reading]])
* '''Evaluate, iterate, and adapt''': results from the Equity Landscape project pilot ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A9|continue reading]])
* '''Other news and updates''': a new forum to discuss Movement Strategy implementation, upcoming Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees election, a new podcast to discuss Movement Strategy, and change of personnel for the Foundation's Movement Strategy and Governance team. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A10|continue reading]])
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;msg-newsletter&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

Thank you for reading! [[User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 01:37, 18 Lulju 2022 (UTC)
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== Announcing the six candidates for the 2022 Board of Trustees election ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot;/&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Announcing the six candidates for the 2022 Board of Trustees election| You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Announcing the six candidates for the 2022 Board of Trustees election|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Announcing the six candidates for the 2022 Board of Trustees election}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

Hi everyone,

'''The Affiliate voting process has concluded.''' Representatives from each Affiliate organization learned about the candidates by reading candidates’ statements, reviewing candidates’ answers to questions, and considering the candidates’ ratings provided by the Analysis Committee. The selected 2022 Board of Trustees candidates are:

* Tobechukwu Precious Friday ([[:m:User:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]])
* Farah Jack Mustaklem ([[:m:User:Fjmustak|Fjmustak]])
* Shani Evenstein Sigalov ([[:m:User:Esh77|Esh77]])
* Kunal Mehta ([[:m:User:Legoktm|Legoktm]])
* Michał Buczyński ([[:m:User:Aegis Maelstrom|Aegis Maelstrom]])
* Mike Peel ([[:m:User:Mike Peel|Mike Peel]])

You may see more information about the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Results|Results]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Stats|Statistics]] of this Board election.

Please take a moment to appreciate the Affiliate Representatives and Analysis Committee members for taking part in this process and helping to grow the Board of Trustees in capacity and diversity. These hours of volunteer work connect us across understanding and perspective. Thank you for your participation.

Thank you to the community members who put themselves forward as candidates for the Board of Trustees. Considering joining the Board of Trustees is no small decision. The time and dedication candidates have shown to this point speaks to their commitment to this movement. Congratulations to those candidates who have been selected. A great amount of appreciation and gratitude for those candidates not selected. Please continue to share your leadership with Wikimedia.

Thank you to those who followed the Affiliate process for this Board election. You may review the results of the Affiliate selection process.

'''The next part of the Board election process is the community voting period.''' [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022#Timeline|You may view the Board election timeline here]]. To prepare for the community voting period, there are several things community members can engage with in the following ways:

* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Candidates|Read candidates’ statements]] and read the candidates’ answers to the questions posed by the Affiliate Representatives.
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Community_Voting/Questions_for_Candidates|Propose and select the 6 questions for candidates to answer during their video Q&amp;A]].
* See the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Candidates|Analysis Committee’s ratings of candidates on each candidate’s statement]].
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Community Voting/Election Compass|Propose statements for the Election Compass]] voters can use to find which candidates best fit their principles.
* Encourage others in your community to take part in the election.

Best,

Movement Strategy and Governance

''This message was sent on behalf of the Board Selection Task Force and the Elections Committee''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot;/&gt;

[[User:MNadzikiewicz (WMF)|MNadzikiewicz (WMF)]] 14:03, 27 Lulju 2022 (UTC)
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== Vote for Election Compass Statements ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Vote for Election Compass Statements| You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Vote for Election Compass Statements|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Vote for Election Compass Statements}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

Hi all,

Volunteers in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022|2022 Board of Trustees election]] are invited to [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Community_Voting/Election_Compass/Statements|vote for statements to use in the Election Compass]]. You can vote for the statements you would like to see included in the Election Compass on Meta-wiki.

An Election Compass is a tool to help voters select the candidates that best align with their beliefs and views. The community members will propose statements for the candidates to answer using a Lickert scale (agree/neutral/disagree). The candidates’ answers to the statements will be loaded into the Election Compass tool. Voters will use the tool by entering in their answer to the statements (agree/disagree/neutral). The results will show the candidates that best align with the voter’s beliefs and views.

Here is the timeline for the Election Compass:

*&lt;s&gt;July 8 - 20: Volunteers propose statements for the Election Compass&lt;/s&gt;
*&lt;s&gt;July 21 - 22: Elections Committee reviews statements for clarity and removes off-topic statements&lt;/s&gt;
*July 23 - August 1: Volunteers vote on the statements
*August 2 - 4: Elections Committee selects the top 15 statements
*August 5 - 12: candidates align themselves with the statements
*August 15: The Election Compass opens for voters to use to help guide their voting decision

The Elections Committee will select the top 15 statements at the beginning of August

Best, 

Movement Strategy and Governance

''This message was sent on behalf of the Board Selection Task Force and the Elections Committee''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
[[User:MNadzikiewicz (WMF)|MNadzikiewicz (WMF)]] 21:01, 27 Lulju 2022 (UTC)
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== Wiki Loves Earth 2022 f'Malta ==

[[Stampa:WLE_Austria_Logo_(transparent).svg|lemin|200x200px]]
Bi pjaċir kbir inħabbru [[c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Earth_2022/Winners#Malta|r-rebbieħa minn Malta tal-konkors globali Wiki Loves Earth 2022]].

Kull sena diversi utenti tal-Wikipedija jingħaqdu ma' komunitajiet oħra tal-Wikimedia madwar id-dinja għal konkors fotografiku dwar wirt naturali protett. L-ewwel edizzjoni tal-konkors '''[[c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Earth_2022_in_Malta|Wiki Loves Earth]]''' f'Malta saret matul ix-xhur ta' Ġunju u Lulju ta' din is-sena.  

F'Malta dawn il-konkorsi jsiru bil-kollaborazzjoni ta' [[metawiki:Wikimedia Community User Group Malta|Wikimedia Community Malta]] (WCM), li tifraħ lill-utenti kollha li ħadu sehem f'dan il-konkors, b'mod partikolari lil dawk li r-ritratti taħghom ingħażlu biex jipparteċipaw fil-konkors internazzjonali. Grazzi u prosit tassew!

Aktar dettalji dwar premjijiet u apprezzamenti tal-parteċipazzjoni dalwaqt, fuq is-sit ta' WCM. -- [[Utent:ToniSant|ToniSant]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:ToniSant|d]]) 10:44, 23 Awwissu 2022 (UTC)

== Mudell:Progress bar ==

Ħellow,
Jien editur Malti u m'ilnix wisq fuq il-WP Maltija. Waqt li qed nipprova nagħmel 'table' għall-reżultati ta elezzjoni ta Partit żgħir partikolari (dawn il-pettegorezzi żgħar ta infoboxes u templates jinteressawni ħafna) u nasal għas-Siġġijiet fil-Parlament Malti, insib li ma jeżistix xi forma ta mudell għal 'progress bar' jew indikazzjoni simili illi tallokala numru bhala 'fraction' u ggibulhek qishu loading bar. Fittixt ftit fil-lista ta Mudelli imma ma sibt xejn. Qed infittex ħażin, jew għadha ma teżistix? Fuq il-WP Ingliża dan huwa [[w:Template:Composition bar]] (Fuq kollox nispera li tfajt dal-messaġġ fiċ-'channel' tajjeb.)

[[Utent:Mtonna257|Mtonna257]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:Mtonna257|d]]) 10:24, 25 Awwissu 2022 (UTC)

:Ħloqt verżjoni tal-mudell fuq din il-wiki {{tl|Composition bar}}. Mhuwiex mibni kompletament fuq il-verżjoni tal-wiki Ingliża, pero naħseb għandu jaqdi l-għanijiet tiegħek. Kellimni f'każ li jkun hemm bżonn xi bidla. —[[Utent:Chrisportelli|Chrisportelli]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:Chrisportelli|d]]) 19:20, 25 Awwissu 2022 (UTC)

== The 2022 Board of Trustees election Community Voting period is now open ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/The 2022 Board of Trustees election Community Voting period is now open| You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/The 2022 Board of Trustees election Community Voting period is now open|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/The 2022 Board of Trustees election Community Voting period is now open}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

Hi everyone,

The Community Voting period for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022|2022 Board of Trustees election]] is now open. Here are some helpful links to get you the information you need to vote:

* Try the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Community_Voting/Election_Compass|Election Compass]], showing how candidates stand on 15 different topics.
* Read the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Candidates|candidate statements]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Affiliate_Organization_Participation/Candidate_Questions|answers to Affiliate questions]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Apply to be a Candidate|Learn more about the skills the Board seeks]] and how the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Candidates|Analysis Committee found candidates align with those skills]]

If you are ready to vote, you may go to [[Special:SecurePoll/vote/Wikimedia_Foundation_Board_Elections_2022|SecurePoll voting page]] to vote now. '''You may vote from August 23 at 00:00 UTC to September 6 at 23:59 UTC.''' To see about your voter eligibility, please visit the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Voter_eligibility_guidelines|voter eligibility page]].

Best,

Movement Strategy and Governance

''This message was sent on behalf of the Board Selection Task Force and the Elections Committee''&lt;br /&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;

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== Paġna Prinċipali ==
Fuq il-paġna prinċipali hemm ''item'': Kommemorazzjonijiet...

Dan konna ħadnieh mit-Taljan:Oggi ricorre....
Ħlief għal xi ftit ġranet tas-sena dan ikun fih biss il-qaddisin ikkommemorati mill-Knisja Kattolika. Ta' min iżommu dan l-''item''?

Hemm ukoll Vetrina li rari jkun hemm xi ħaġa fiha. Nistgħu nuruha biss meta jkollna xi ħaġa x'nuru?

[[Utent:Leli Forte|Leli Forte]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:Leli Forte|d]]) 19:43, 16 Mej 2020 (UTC)
:Rigward il-Vetrina naħseb li tkun idea tajba li nippruvaw nerġgħu nqajjmuha. Fid-[[Utent:Chrisportelli/PaġnaPrinċipali|disinn il-ġdid]] li pproponejt hemma l-kaxxa tal-Vetrina però li nistgħu nagħmlu hu li kif qed tgħid int tinħeba meta ma jkunx hemm. —[[Utent:Chrisportelli|Chrisportelli]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:Chrisportelli|d]]) 06:07, 17 Mej 2020 (UTC)

:: L-aktar milli nikkunsidraw inżommux dan l-''item'' naħseb li tajjeb naraw hemmx lok li jsiru waħda minn żewġ affarijiet, jekk mhux it-tnejn: jew (a) naraw jistgħu jinħolqu paġni dwar dan il-qaddisin anke biex ma jkollnix daqs tant ħoloq ħomor fuq il-paġna prinċiali, u/jew (b) insibu mezz biex inżidu aktar magħhom flok qaddisin biss, jew kważi. Meta kont naħdem ma'/fuq aboutmalta.com kellna servizz ta' On This Day in Maltese History din kienet waħda mill-aktar paġni li kienet tiġbed nies lejha.
:: Dwar il-veterina naqbel kompletament ma' li qed tgħidu. {{irrispondi|Nevborg}} Kif għaddi r-Rebbiegħa CEE 2020 nistgħu naraw ma' WCM forsi nistgħu naraw noħolqux edit-a-tona fuq hekk, anke possibilment b'rabta ma' [[:en:Wikipedia:Vital_articles|dan li jidher hawn rigward paġni vitali għal mt.wikipedia]]. --[[Utent:ToniSant|ToniSant]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:ToniSant|d]]) 16:12, 19 Mej 2020 (UTC)

:::{{irrispondi|Chrisportelli}} Is-sena t-tajba! Bl-għajnuna ta' [[Utent:Dans]] ħdimna naqra fuq verżjoni tikka differenti minn dik li pproponejt int u jekk m'hemmx oġġezzjoni mingħandek jew xi ħadd ieħor (b'mod partikolari [[Utent:Leli Forte|Leli Forte]] (naqbel miegħek dwar il-Vetrina) u [[Utent:Nevborg|Nevborg]] (naqbel miegħek dwar il-mod kif ninvolvu lill-kommunità) li kienu parti mid-diskussjoni s'issa, allura għada filgħaxija noħorġuha għall-pubbliku bħala parti mill-ħidma li għaddejja bħalissa mill-kommunità b'rabta ma' [[Wikipedija:Wikipedia 20]]. Il-verżjoni li qed nipproponu tinstab [[Utent:Dans/Sandbox|hawn]]. Grazzi dejjem! --[[Utent:ToniSant|ToniSant]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:ToniSant|d]]) 18:19, 18 Jannar 2021 (UTC)
:::: Forsi nista' nerġa' nqajjem id-diskussjoni dwar &quot;Kommemorazzjonijiet&quot;. Araw ir-rimarka fil-bidu ta' din it-taqsima. —[[Utent:Leli Forte|Leli Forte]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:Leli Forte|d]]) 12:06, 19 Jannar 2021 (UTC)
:::::{{irrispondi|Leli Forte}} iva, grazzi. Punt tajjeb ħafna dan! Dwaru kien hemm żewġ kummenti fid-diskussjonijiet tal-kommunità illejla stess. L-ewwel huwa li hemm lok noħolqu attivitajiet biex intejbuh. Hemm il-mudell ta' 'On this day' mill-Ingliż li jidher ferm aħjar minn tat-Taljan għax rari jinkludi qaddisin.  It-tieni ħaġa hija li jekk inneħħuh ħabta u sabta il-Paġna Prinċipali taf tinħass naqra vojta.  Allura, dan li qed tgħid int huwa mhux biss punt tajjeb imma wieħed validissimu u li WCM qed tħares biex tużah fit-tfassil tal-attivitajiet tagħha.  Aktarx induru għal dan mill-ewwel wara li tgħaddi l-kampanja biex inżidu artikli dwar suġġetti essenzjali fil-Wikipedija bħala parti minn Wikipedia 20. --[[Utent:ToniSant|ToniSant]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:ToniSant|d]]) 17:16, 19 Jannar 2021 (UTC)
::::::{{irrispondi|Leli Forte}}{{irrispondi|ToniSant}} Naqbel li s-sezzjoni dwar &quot;Kommemorazzjonijiet&quot; tista titneħħa. Sa fejn naf jien din hija serje ta' files individwali li jridu jitneħħew individwalment. Jien naħseb li l-mudell Ingliż joffri iżjed varjazzjoni fit-tip ta' avvenimenti u nies li jiġu mfakkra. Naħseb ukoll li fiha ftit xogħol u ħsieb biex norganizzaw l-affarijiet sew - forsi nistgħu niddedikaw ftit ħin biex nippjanaw għalija waqt l-avvenimenti ta' Wikipedia 20 fil-ġimgħat li ġejjin? --[[Utent:Nevborg|Nevborg]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:Nevborg|d]]) 17:52, 19 Jannar 2021 (UTC)

== Abbozz == 
Nixtieq nerġa niftaħ id-diskussjoni fuq it-terminu &quot;abbozz&quot;. 

Dan konna iddusketejnieh hawn:

https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedija:Pjazza/Arkivju_2008#Stub_jew_Abbozz?

Xi artikli qsar ħafna ma jixirqilhom li jissejħu &quot;abbozz&quot; pereżemju https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papa .

Jien kont għedt:
&quot;Togħġobni l-idea tal-Olandiż: &quot;Begintje&quot; jew &quot;bidu żgħir&quot;. Forsi jmissna nivvintaw kliem ġdid fejn ma nsibux kelma adekwata bħal &quot;bdejju&quot; - bidu żgħir! &quot; 

Kont issuġġerejt ukoll &quot;nibbieta&quot;.

[[Utent:Leli Forte|Leli Forte]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:Leli Forte|d]]) 15:59, 19 Mej 2020 (UTC)

: {{irrispondi|Leli Forte}} Grazzi tassew ta' din. &quot;Abbozz&quot; huwa aktar &quot;draft&quot;, skond jien. Fl-ispirtu ta' dan li qed tipproponi inti, flok &quot;stub&quot; jiena kieku nipproponi &quot;loqma&quot; - xi tgħid? 

: Apparti hekk dan l-aħħar konna qed nitkellmu ukoll dwar aktar parametri li nistgħu norbtu mal-mudell &lt;nowiki&gt;{{stub}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;. {{irrispondi|Scutajar}} x'taħseb dwar din il-biċċa kollha? --[[Utent:ToniSant|ToniSant]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:ToniSant|d]]) 16:19, 19 Mej 2020 (UTC)

:: {{irrispondi|ToniSant}}Personalment &quot;loqma&quot; ma tantx togħġobni għax negattiva. Aquilina għal &quot;loqma&quot; jagħti piece of bread, morsel, a crust of bread. Kieku nippreferi xi ħaġa bħal &quot;Bidu ċkejken&quot; jew &quot;Nibbieta&quot; fis-sens li l-artiklu ħa jikber minnha.
:: [[Utent:Leli Forte|Leli Forte]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:Leli Forte|d]]) 16:39, 19 Mej 2020 (UTC)
:: {{irrispondi|ToniSant}} Milli rajt fuq il-Wikipedija bl-Ingliż, donnhom jintużaw mudelli differenti skont il-kategorija tal-artiklu, imma forsi kellek xi ideat oħra? Rigward l-isem, kemm &quot;loqma&quot; kif ukoll &quot;nibbieta&quot; jogħġbuni, imma minix l-ikbar espert fuq x'isem għandu jingħata. —[[Utent:Scutajar|Scutajar]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:Scutajar|d]]) 11:32, 20 Mej 2020 (UTC)

::: {{irrispondi|Leli Forte|Scutajar}}: Nasal naqbel magħkom faċilment. Loqma tassew li għandha konnotazzjonijiet negattivi, anke minħabba loqma ta' sigarett. Naħseb &quot;nibbieta&quot; ideali però mhux ċert għandiex tkun &quot;nebbieta&quot; minflok; [https://mlrs.research.um.edu.mt/resources/gabra/lexemes/view/55eea2269ba3c2094bf097ea araw hawn]. --[[Utent:ToniSant|ToniSant]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:ToniSant|d]]) 18:44, 21 Mej 2020 (UTC)
:::: {{irrispondi|ToniSant}}: Aquilina M-E jagħti t-tnejn (nibbieta/nebbieta). Jien kuntent bit-tnejn.

:::: Kont issuġġerejt dan:
{{ambox
| type  = style
| image = [[Image:Acer seedling drawing.png|55px]]
| text = '''Dan l-artiklu huwa [[Għajnuna:Stub|nibbieta]]''' li nittamaw li minnha jinbet artiklu sħiħ.&lt;br/&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-size: 90%;&quot;&gt;Jekk trid, tista' [{{SERVER}}{{localurl:{{NAMESPACE}}:{{PAGENAME}}|action=edit}} tikkontribwixxi issa] biex tkabbar u tiżviluppa dan l-artiklu, dejjem skont il-[[Għajnuna:Manwal tal-istil|konvenzjonijiet tal-Wikipedija]].&lt;br/&gt;Għal-lista tan-nibbitiet kollha, ara l-[[:category:stub|kategorija]] li għandha x'taqsam.&lt;/div&gt;
}}

::::[[Utent:Leli Forte|Leli Forte]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:Leli Forte|d]]) 16:47, 22 Mej 2020 (UTC)

:::::{{irrispondi|Leli Forte}} Din id-diskussjoni qamet ukoll waqt l-aħħar editathon tal-[[Wikipedija:Rebbiegħa CEE 2020]] ma' [[Utent:ToniSant|ToniSant]], [[Utent:Mewga|Mewga]], [[Utent:Angie Balzan|Angie Balzan]], [[Utent:EnriqueTabone|EnriqueTabone]], u [[Utent:Scutajar|Scutajar]]. Il-kunsens ġenerali kien li nużaw &quot;nebbieta&quot; u l-plural kollettiv ta' &quot;nebbitiet&quot;. Naħseb jekk ma hemm l-ebda oġġezzjoni nistgħu mmexxu b'dan il-mod. --[[Utent:Nevborg|Nevborg]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:Nevborg|d]]) 16:47, 29 Mej 2020 (UTC)
Araw diskussjoni oħra:

https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedija:Pjazza/Arkivju_2009#Stub

=== Abbozzi oħra ===
Hemm ukoll:

{{Abbandunat}}

u abbozzi bis-suġġett

{{Stub| Matematika}}

[[Utent:Leli Forte|Leli Forte]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:Leli Forte|d]]) 16:56, 22 Mej 2020 (UTC)

::{{irrispondi|Leli Forte}} Bħala azzjoni konkreta vis-a-vis dak li kiteb dwaru {{irrispondi|Nevborg}} hawn fuq, {{irrispondi|Scutajar}} u jien ħidmna biċċa sew illum biex nibdew naqilbu dawk li kienu abbozzi/stubs għal nebbieta, a bażi ta' dak li ddiskutejna fuq il-proposta tiegħek. Idealment, id-diskussjoni issa [[Diskussjoni_Wikipedija:Nebbieta|għandha timxi għal hawn]] u b'hekk nibdew nifirdu ħidma fuq livell infrastrutturali fuq dan l-aspett u dawk ta' politika ta' kif jitħaddmu, kif bdejna anke niddiskutu ukoll hawn taħt fis-suġġett/taqsima li jmiss. --[[Utent:ToniSant|ToniSant]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:ToniSant|d]]) 19:05, 29 Mej 2020 (UTC)

&lt;hr /&gt;

== Wiki Loves Folklore is back! ==

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{{int:please-translate}}

[[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|150px|frameless]]
You are humbly invited to participate in the '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2022|Wiki Loves Folklore 2022]]''' an international photography contest organized on Wikimedia Commons to document folklore and intangible cultural heritage from different regions, including, folk creative activities and many more. It is held every year from the '''1st till the 28th''' of February.

You can help in enriching the folklore documentation on Commons from your region by taking photos, audios, videos, and [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:UploadWizard&amp;campaign=wlf_2022 submitting] them in this commons contest.

You can also [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2022/Organize|organize a local contest]] in your country and support us in translating the [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2022/Translations|project pages]] to help us spread the word in your native language.

Feel free to contact us on our [[:c:Commons talk:Wiki Loves Folklore 2022|project Talk page]] if you need any assistance. 

'''Kind regards,'''

'''Wiki loves Folklore International Team'''

--[[Utent:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:MediaWiki message delivery|d]]) 13:15, 9 Jannar 2022 (UTC)
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== Feminism and Folklore 2022 ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;

{{int:please-translate}}

Greetings! You are invited to participate in '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2022|Feminism and Folklore 2022]]''' writing competion. This year Feminism and Folklore will focus on feminism, women biographies and gender-focused topics for the project in league with Wiki Loves Folklore gender gap focus with folk culture theme on Wikipedia.

You can help us in enriching the folklore documentation on Wikipedia from your region by creating or improving articles focused on folklore around the world, including, but not limited to folk festivals, folk dances, folk music, women and queer personalities in folklore, folk culture (folk artists, folk dancers, folk singers, folk musicians, folk game athletes, women in mythology, women warriors in folklore, witches and witch hunting, fairy tales and more. You can contribute to new articles or translate from the list of suggested articles [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2022/List of Articles|here]].

You can also support us in organizing the contest on your local Wikipedia by signing up your community to participate in this project and also translating the [[m:Feminism and Folklore 2022|project page]] and help us spread the word in your native language. 

Learn more about the contest and prizes from our project page. Feel free to contact us on our [[:m:Talk:Feminism and Folklore 2022|talk page]] or via Email if you need any assistance... 

Thank you.

'''Feminism and Folklore Team''',

[[User:Tiven2240|Tiven2240]]
--05:49, 11 Jannar 2022 (UTC)
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== Call for Feedback about the Board of Trustees elections is now open ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees/Call for feedback: Board of Trustees elections/Call for Feedback about the Board of Trustees elections is now open/Short|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees/Call for feedback: Board of Trustees elections/Call for Feedback about the Board of Trustees elections is now open/Short|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees/Call for feedback: Board of Trustees elections/Call for Feedback about the Board of Trustees elections is now open/Short}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

The Call for Feedback: Board of Trustees elections is now open and will close on 7 February 2022. 

With this Call for Feedback, the Movement Strategy and Governance team is taking a different approach. This approach incorporates community feedback from 2021. Instead of leading with proposals, the Call is framed around key questions from the Board of Trustees. The key questions came from the feedback about the 2021 Board of Trustees election. The intention is to inspire collective conversation and collaborative proposal development about these key questions.

[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees/Call for feedback: Board of Trustees elections|Join the conversation.]]

Best,

Movement Strategy and Governance&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] 01:04, 15 Jannar 2022 (UTC)
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== Subscribe to the This Month in Education newsletter - learn from others and share your stories ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Dear community members, 

Greetings from the EWOC Newsletter team and the education team at Wikimedia Foundation. We are very excited to share that we on tenth years of Education Newsletter ([[m:Education/News|This Month in Education]]) invite you to join us by [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|subscribing to the newsletter on your talk page]] or by [[m:Education/News/Newsroom|sharing your activities in the upcoming newsletters]]. The Wikimedia Education newsletter is a monthly newsletter that collects articles written by community members using Wikimedia projects in education around the world, and it is published by the EWOC Newsletter team in collaboration with the Education team. These stories can bring you new ideas to try, valuable insights about the success and challenges of our community members in running education programs in their context. 

If your affiliate/language project is developing its own education initiatives, please remember to take advantage of this newsletter to publish your stories with the wider movement that shares your passion for education. You can submit newsletter articles in your own language or submit bilingual articles for the education newsletter. For the month of January the deadline to submit articles is on the 20th January. We look forward to reading your stories.

Older versions of this newsletter can be found in the [[outreach:Education/Newsletter/Archives|complete archive]].

More information about the newsletter can be found at [[m:Education/News/Publication Guidelines|Education/Newsletter/About]].

For more information, please contact spatnaik{{@}}wikimedia.org.
------
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;[[m:Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[User:ZI Jony|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#8B0000&quot;&gt;'''ZI Jony'''&lt;/span&gt;]] [[User talk:ZI Jony|&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:Green&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;(Talk)&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;]], {{&lt;includeonly&gt;subst:&lt;/includeonly&gt;#time:l G:i, d F Y|}} (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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== Movement Strategy and Governance News – Issue 5 ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;ucoc-newsletter&quot;/&gt;
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/5/Global message|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/5/Global message}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:200%;&quot;&gt;'''Movement Strategy and Governance News'''&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:120%; color:#404040;&quot;&gt;'''Issue 5, January 2022'''&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:120%; float:right;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/5|'''Read the full newsletter''']]&lt;/span&gt;
----
Welcome to the fifth issue of Movement Strategy and Governance News (formerly known as Universal Code of Conduct News)! This revamped newsletter distributes relevant news and events about the Movement Charter, Universal Code of Conduct, Movement Strategy Implementation grants, Board elections and other relevant MSG topics.

This Newsletter will be distributed quarterly, while more frequent Updates will also be delivered weekly or bi-weekly to subscribers. Please remember to subscribe [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/MSG Newsletter Subscription|here]] if you would like to receive these updates.
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:3px; padding:10px 10px 10px 20px; background:#fffff; border:2px solid #808080; border-radius:4px; font-size:100%;&quot;&gt;

*'''Call for Feedback about the Board elections''' - We invite you to give your feedback on the upcoming WMF Board of Trustees election. This call for feedback went live on 10th January 2022 and will be concluded on 16th February 2022. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/5#Call for Feedback about the Board elections|continue reading]])
*'''Universal Code of Conduct Ratification''' - In 2021, the WMF asked communities about how to enforce the Universal Code of Conduct policy text. The revised draft of the enforcement guidelines should be ready for community vote in March. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/5#Universal Code of Conduct Ratification|continue reading]])
*'''Movement Strategy Implementation Grants''' - As we continue to review several interesting proposals, we encourage and welcome more proposals and ideas that target a specific initiative from the Movement Strategy recommendations. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/5#Movement Strategy Implementation Grants|continue reading]])
*'''The New Direction for the Newsletter''' - As the UCoC Newsletter transitions into MSG Newsletter, join the facilitation team in envisioning and deciding on the new directions for this newsletter. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/5#The New Direction for the Newsletter|continue reading]])
*'''Diff Blogs''' - Check out the most recent publications about MSG on Wikimedia Diff. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/5#Diff Blogs|continue reading]])&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;ucoc-newsletter&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] 03:27, 29 Jannar 2022 (UTC)
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== Updates on the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines Review ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/2022-02-02 Announcement|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/2022-02-02 Announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/2022-02-02 Announcement}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''
Hello everyone,

The Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees released a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board noticeboard/January 2022 - Board of Trustees on Community ratification of enforcement guidelines of UCoC|statement on the ratification process]] for the '''[[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines|Universal Code of Conduct (UCoC) Enforcement Guidelines]]'''.

The [[m:Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] (UCoC) provides a baseline of acceptable behavior for the entire movement. The UCoC and the Enforcement Guidelines were written by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Drafting committee|volunteer-staff drafting committees]] following community consultations.

The revised guidelines were published 24 January 2022 as a proposed way to apply the policy across the movement. There is a [[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Changes|list of changes made]] to the guidelines after the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement draft guidelines review|enforcement draft guidelines review]]. '''Comments about the guidelines can be shared [[m:Talk:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines|on the Enforcement Guidelines talk page on Meta-wiki]].'''

To help to understand the guidelines and process, the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance|Movement Strategy and Governance]] (MSG) team will be hosting Conversation Hours on 4 February 2022 at 15:00 UTC, 25 February 2022 at 12:00 UTC, and 4 March 2022 at 15:00 UTC. '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Conversations|Join the conversation hours to speak with the UCoC project team and drafting committee members about the updated guidelines and voting process]].'''

The [[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Project#Timeline|timeline is available on Meta-wiki]]. The voting period is March 7 to 21. All eligible voters will have an opportunity to support or oppose the adoption of the Enforcement guidelines, and share why. '''[[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting|See the voting information page for more details]].'''

Many participants from across the movement have provided valuable input in these ongoing conversations. The UCoC and MSG teams want to thank the Drafting Committee and the community members for their contributions to this process. 

Sincerely,

Movement Strategy and Governance&lt;br/&gt;
Wikimedia Foundation&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] 03:55, 4 Frar 2022 (UTC)
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== ĦU SEHEM: Wiki Loves Folklore 2022 f'Malta ==

[[Stampa:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|130px|lemin]]
'''Wiki Loves Folklore''' huwa konkors annwali tal-fotografija miftuħ għal kulħadd, fejn int ukoll tista' żżid ritratti ta' aspetti mill-kultura folkoristika f'Malta u f'pajjiżi oħra madwar id-dinja. Din hija l-ewwel sena li Malta qed tkun inkluża f'din l-attività globali. F'Malta din l-inzjattiva titmexxa minn [[metawiki:Wikimedia Community User Group Malta|Wikimedia Community Malta]] li jorganizzaw attivitajiet ta' taħriġ u informazzjoni online għal min jixtieq jieħu sehem kull nhar ta' Ħamis fis-6pm matul ix-xahar ta' Frar.&lt;div class=&quot;main-footer&quot;&gt;''Ħu sehem minn din il-ħolqa fuq Wikimedia Commons: [[c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Folklore_2022_in_Malta|Wiki Loves Folklore 2022 in Malta]]. --'' [[Utent:ToniSant|ToniSant]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:ToniSant|d]]) 16:43, 8 Frar 2022 (UTC)

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Leadership Development Task Force: Your feedback is appreciated&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership Development Task Force/Call for Feedback Announcement|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership Development Task Force/Call for Feedback Announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Leadership Development Task Force/Call for Feedback Announcement}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

The Community Development team at the Wikimedia Foundation is supporting the creation of a global, community-driven Leadership Development Task Force. The purpose of the task force is to advise leadership development work.

The team is looking for feedback about the responsibilities of the Leadership Development Task Force. This Meta page shares the proposal for a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership Development Task Force|Leadership Development Task Force]] and how [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership Development Task Force/Participate|you can help.]] Feedback on the proposal will be collected from 7 to 25 February 2022.&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] 02:35, 9 Frar 2022 (UTC)
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== Wiki Loves Folklore is extended till 15th March ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;{{int:please-translate}}

[[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|frameless|180px]]
Greetings from Wiki Loves Folklore International Team,

We are pleased to inform you that [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore|Wiki Loves Folklore]] an international photographic contest on Wikimedia Commons has been extended till the '''15th of March 2022'''. The scope of the contest is focused on folk culture of different regions on categories, such as, but not limited to, folk festivals, folk dances, folk music, folk activities, etc.

We would like to have your immense participation in the photographic contest to document your local Folk culture on Wikipedia. You can also help with the [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2022/Translations|translation]] of project pages and share a word in your local language.

Best wishes,

'''International Team'''&lt;br /&gt;
'''Wiki Loves Folklore'''

[[Utent:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:MediaWiki message delivery|d]]) 04:50, 22 Frar 2022 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
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== Coming soon ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
=== Several improvements around templates ===
Hello, from March 9, several improvements around templates will become available on your wiki:
* Fundamental improvements of the [[Mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User guide#Editing templates|VisualEditor template dialog]] ([[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/VisualEditor template dialog improvements|1]], [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Removing a template from a page using the VisualEditor|2]]),
* Improvements to make it easier to put a template on a page ([[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Finding and inserting templates|3]]) (for the template dialogs in [[Mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User guide#Editing templates|VisualEditor]], [[Mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:WikiEditor#/media/File:VectorEditorBasic-en.png|2010 Wikitext]] and [[Mw:Special:MyLanguage/2017 wikitext editor|New Wikitext Mode]]),
* and improvements in the syntax highlighting extension [[Mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] ([[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Improved Color Scheme of Syntax Highlighting|4]], [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Bracket Matching|5]]) (which is available on wikis with writing direction left-to-right).

All these changes are part of the “[[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Templates|Templates]]” project by [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes|WMDE Technical Wishes]]. We hope they will help you in your work, and we would love to hear your feedback on the talk pages of these projects. &lt;/div&gt; - [[m:User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|Johanna Strodt (WMDE)]] 12:38, 28 Frar 2022 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Remember to Participate in the UCoC Conversations and Ratification Vote!&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting/Announcement|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting/Announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting/Announcement}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

Hello everyone,

A [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines/Voting|'''vote in SecurePoll from 7 to 21 March 2022''']] is scheduled as part of the ratification process for the Universal Code of Conduct (UCoC) Enforcement guidelines. Eligible voters are invited to answer a poll question and share comments. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines/Voter_information|Read voter information and eligibility details.]] During the poll, voters will be asked if they support the enforcement of the Universal Code of Conduct based on the proposed guidelines.

The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] (UCoC) provides a baseline of acceptable behavior for the entire movement. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines|revised enforcement guidelines]] were published 24 January 2022 as a proposed way to apply the policy across the movement. A [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Board_noticeboard/January_2022_-_Board_of_Trustees_on_Community_ratification_of_enforcement_guidelines_of_UCoC|Wikimedia Foundation Board statement]] calls for a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines/Voting|ratification process]] where eligible voters will have an opportunity to support or oppose the adoption of the UCoC Enforcement guidelines in a vote. Wikimedians are invited to [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines/Voter_information/Volunteer|translate and share important information]]. For more information about the UCoC, please see the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Project|project page]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/FAQ|frequently asked questions]] on Meta-wiki.

There are events scheduled to learn more and discuss:
* A [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Conversations/Panel_Q&amp;A|community panel]] recorded on 18 February 2022 shares perspectives from small- and medium-sized community participants.
* The [[m:Movement Strategy and Governance|Movement Strategy and Governance]] (MSG) team is hosting Conversation Hours on 4 March 2022 at 15:00 UTC. Please [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Conversations|'''sign-up''']] to interact with the project team and the drafting committee about the updated enforcement guidelines and the ratification process. See the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/2022_conversation_hour_summaries|Conversation Hour summaries]] for notes from 4 February 2022 and 25 February 2022.

You can comment on Meta-wiki talk pages in any language. You may also contact either team by email: msg[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org or ucocproject[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org

Sincerely,

Movement Strategy and Governance &lt;br /&gt;
Wikimedia Foundation &lt;br /&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] 02:17, 2 Marzu 2022 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement guidelines ratification voting open from 7 to 21 March 2022&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Vote|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Vote|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Vote}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

Hello everyone,

The ratification voting process for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines|revised enforcement guidelines]] of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] (UCoC) is now open! '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting|Voting commenced on SecurePoll]]''' on 7 March 2022 and will conclude on 21 March 2022. Please [[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voter information|read more on the voter information and eligibility details]].

The Universal Code of Conduct (UCoC) provides a baseline of acceptable behavior for the entire movement. The revised enforcement guidelines were published 24 January 2022 as a proposed way to apply the policy across the movement. You can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Project|read more about the UCoC project]].

You can also comment on Meta-wiki talk pages in any language. You may also contact the team by email: ucocproject[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org

Sincerely,

Movement Strategy and Governance

Wikimedia Foundation&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] 00:52, 8 Marzu 2022 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Invitation to Hubs event: Global Conversation on 2022-03-12 at 13:00 UTC&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;Hello! 

The Movement Strategy and Governance team of the Wikimedia Foundation would like to invite you to the next event about &quot;Regional and Thematic Hubs&quot;. The Wikimedia Movement is in the process of understanding what Regional and Thematic Hubs should be. Our workshop in November was a good start ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Hubs/Documentation/27 November Workshop|read the report]]), but we're not finished yet. 

Over the last weeks we conducted about 16 interviews with groups working on establishing a Hub in their context ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Hubs/Dialogue|see Hubs Dialogue]]). These interviews informed a report that will serve as a foundation for discussion on March 12. The report is planned to be published on March 9.

The event will take place on March 12, 13:00 to 16:00 UTC on Zoom. Interpretation will be provided in French, Spanish, Arabic, Russian, and Portuguese. Registration is open, and will close on March 10. Anyone interested in the topic is invited to join us. '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Hubs/Global Conversations March 12, 2022|More information on the event on Meta-wiki]]'''.

Best regards,

[[m:User:KVaidla (WMF)|Kaarel Vaidla]]&lt;br /&gt;Movement Strategy
&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

01:31, 10 Marzu 2022 (UTC)
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== Wiki Loves Folklore 2022 ends tomorrow ==

[[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|frameless|180px]]
International photographic contest [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2022| Wiki Loves Folklore 2022]] ends on 15th March 2022 23:59:59 UTC. This is the last chance of the year to upload images about local folk culture, festival, cuisine, costume, folklore etc on Wikimedia Commons. Watch out our social media handles for regular updates and declaration of Winners. 

([https://www.facebook.com/WikiLovesFolklore/ Facebook] , [https://twitter.com/WikiFolklore Twitter ] , [https://www.instagram.com/wikilovesfolklore/ Instagram])

The writing competition Feminism and Folklore will run till 31st of March 2022 23:59:59 UTC. Write about your local folk tradition, women, folk festivals, folk dances, folk music, folk activities, folk games, folk cuisine, folk wear, folklore, and tradition, including ballads, folktales, fairy tales, legends, traditional song and dance, folk plays, games, seasonal events, calendar customs, folk arts, folk religion, mythology etc. on your local Wikipedia. Check if your [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2022/Project Page|local Wikipedia is participating]]

A special competition called '''Wiki Loves Falles''' is organised in Spain and the world during 15th March 2022 till 15th April 2022 to document local folk culture and [[:en:Falles|Falles]] in Valencia, Spain. Learn more about it on  [[:ca:Viquiprojecte:Falles 2022|Catalan Wikipedia project page]].

We look forward for your immense co-operation.

Thanks 
Wiki Loves Folklore international Team
[[Utent:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:MediaWiki message delivery|d]]) 14:40, 14 Marzu 2022 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Leadership Development Working Group: Apply to join! (14 March to 10 April 2022)&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership Development Working Group/Participate/Announcement|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership Development Working Group/Participate/Announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Leadership Development Working Group/Participate/Announcement}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

Hello everyone,

Thank you to everyone who participated in the feedback period for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership Development Working Group|Leadership Development Working Group]] initiative. A [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership Development Working Group/Participate#5. Summary of Call for Feedback|summary of the feedback]] can be found on Meta-wiki. This feedback will be shared with the working group to inform their work. The application period to join the Working Group is now open and will close on April 10, 2022. Please [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership_Development_Working_Group/Purpose_and_Structure#3._How_is_the_working_group_formed_and_structured?|review the information about the working group]], share with community members who might be interested, and '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership_Development_Working_Group/Participate#1._How_to_participate|apply if you are interested]]'''.

Thank you,

From the Community Development team&lt;br /&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] 02:20, 18 Marzu 2022 (UTC)
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== Rebbiegħa CEE 2022 ==

[[Stampa:Rebbiegħa_CEE_logo.jpg|alt=CEE Spring logo|daqsminuri|Rebbiegħa CEE 2022]]
L-għaqda voluntarja Wikimedia Community Malta (WCM) qed tistiednek tieħu sehem fit-tielet edizzjoni tal-konkors Rebbiegħa CEE 2022 fuq il-Wikipedija bil-Malti bejn il-21 ta' Marzu u l-20 ta' Ġunju 2022. Matul dan il-perjodu, il-WCM qed torganizza numru ta' edit-a-toni għal min jixtieq jitgħallem aktar dwar kif jinkitbu l-artiklu fuq il-Wikipedija. 

Ingħaqad ma' komunitajiet oħra tal-Wikipedia madwar id-dinja biex tittraduċi artikli dwar suġġetti li għandhom x'jaqsmu mal-Ewropa Ċentrali u tal-Lvant. Hemm diversi premjijiet x'jintrebħu f'dan il-konkors. Id-dettalji kollha ssibhom fuq il-paġna [[Wikipedija:Rebbiegħa CEE 2022]]. -- [[Utent:ToniSant|ToniSant]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:ToniSant|d]]) 09:34, 21 Marzu 2022 (UTC)

== Feminism and Folklore 2022 ends soon ==

[[File:Feminism and Folklore 2022 logo.svg|right|frameless|250px]]
[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2022|Feminism and Folklore 2022]] which is an international writing contest organized at Wikipedia ends soon that is on &lt;b&gt;31 March 2022 11:59 UTC&lt;/b&gt;. This is the last chance of the year to write about feminism, women biographies and gender-focused topics such as &lt;i&gt;folk festivals, folk dances, folk music, folk activities, folk games, folk cuisine, folk wear, fairy tales, folk plays, folk arts, folk religion, mythology, folk artists, folk dancers, folk singers, folk musicians, folk game athletes, women in mythology, women warriors in folklore, witches and witch hunting, fairy tales and more&lt;/i&gt;

Keep an eye on the project page for declaration of Winners. 

We look forward for your immense co-operation.

Thanks 
Wiki Loves Folklore international Team
[[Utent:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:MediaWiki message delivery|d]]) 14:29, 26 Marzu 2022 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement guidelines ratification voting is now closed&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Vote/Closing message|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Vote/Closing message|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Vote/Closing message}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''
Greetings,

The ratification voting process for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines|revised enforcement guidelines]] of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] (UCoC) came to a close on 21 March 2022. Over {{#expr:2300}} Wikimedians voted across different regions of our movement. Thank you to everyone who participated in this process! The scrutinizing group is now reviewing the vote for accuracy, so please allow up to two weeks for them to finish their work.

The final results from the voting process will be announced [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting/Results|here]], along with the relevant statistics and a summary of comments as soon as they are available. Please check out [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voter information|the voter information page]] to learn about the next steps. You can comment on the project talk page [[m:Talk:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines|on Meta-wiki]] in any language. You may also contact the UCoC project team by email: ucocproject[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org

Best regards,

Movement Strategy and Governance&lt;br /&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] 01:53, 30 Marzu 2022 (UTC)
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== Konkors Internazzjonali Wiki Loves Monuments 2021 ==

[[File:Portes des Bombes in Floriana, Malta.jpg|300px|Bieb il-Bombi bil-lejl|lemin]]Ritratt tal-utent [[c:Special:ListFiles/Gizwardu|Gizwardu]] (George Abdilla) li juri [[Portes des Bombes|Portes de Bombes]] bil-lejl ġie kklassifikat fl-14-il-post fil-[[commons:Wiki Loves Monuments 2021 winners|konkors internazzjonali Wiki Loves Monuments tal-2021]]. Tajjeb ngħidu li f'dan l-konkors ħadu ikkompetew 172,465 ritratt minn 37 pajjiż madwar id-dinja.  

Il-konkors Wiki Loves Monuments huwa organizzat f'Malta kull sena minn Wikimedia Community Malta matul ix-xahar ta' Settembru. L-aqwa 10 ritratt minn kull sena ([[:commons:Wiki_Loves_Monuments_2021_winners#Malta|ara tal-2021]]) jieħdu sehem ukoll fil-konkors internazzjonali organizzat mill-Fondazzjoni Wikimedia fl-ewwel xhur tas-sena ta' wara. 

[http://www.wikimalta.org Wikimedia Community Malta] tifraħ lil dan l-utent ta' dan is-suċċess u bi pjaċir issa naraw dan ir-ritratt fl-artiklu bil-Malti u bl-Ingliż dwar Bieb il-Bombi fil-Furjana.

Prosit, George! -- [[Utent:ToniSant|ToniSant]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:ToniSant|d]]) 14:59, 20 April 2022 (UTC)

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Movement Strategy and Governance News – Issue 6&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;msg-newsletter&quot;/&gt;
&lt;div style = &quot;line-height: 1.2&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:200%;&quot;&gt;'''Movement Strategy and Governance News'''&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:120%; color:#404040;&quot;&gt;'''Issue 6, April 2022'''&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:120%; float:right;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/6|'''Read the full newsletter''']]&lt;/span&gt;
----

Welcome to the sixth issue of Movement Strategy and Governance News! This revamped newsletter distributes relevant news and events about the Movement Charter, Universal Code of Conduct, Movement Strategy Implementation grants, Board of trustees elections and other relevant MSG topics.

This Newsletter will be distributed quarterly, while the more frequent Updates will also be delivered weekly. Please remember to subscribe [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/MSG Newsletter Subscription|here]] if you would like to receive future issues of this newsletter.
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:3px; padding:10px 10px 10px 20px; background:#fffff; border:2px solid #808080; border-radius:4px; font-size:100%;&quot;&gt;

*'''Leadership Development -''' A Working Group is Forming! - The application to join the Leadership Development Working Group closed on April 10th, 2022, and up to 12 community members will be selected to participate in the working group. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/6#A1|continue reading]])
*'''Universal Code of Conduct Ratification Results are out! -''' The global decision process on the enforcement of the UCoC via SecurePoll was held from 7 to 21 March. Over 2,300 eligible voters from at least 128 different home projects submitted their opinions and comments. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/6#A2|continue reading]])
*'''Movement Discussions on Hubs -''' The Global Conversation event on Regional and Thematic Hubs was held on Saturday, March 12, and was attended by 84 diverse Wikimedians from across the movement. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/6#A3|continue reading]])
*'''Movement Strategy Grants Remain Open! -''' Since the start of the year, six proposals with a total value of about $80,000 USD have been approved. Do you have a movement strategy project idea? Reach out to us! ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/6#A4|continue reading]])
*'''The Movement Charter Drafting Committee is All Set! -''' The Committee of fifteen members which was elected in October 2021, has agreed on the essential values and methods for its work, and has started to create the outline of the Movement Charter draft. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/6#A5|continue reading]])
*'''Introducing Movement Strategy Weekly -''' Contribute and Subscribe! - The MSG team have just launched the updates portal, which is connected to the various Movement Strategy pages on Meta-wiki. Subscriber to get  up-to-date news about the various ongoing projects. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/6#A6|continue reading]])
*'''Diff Blogs -''' Check out the most recent publications about Movement Strategy on Wikimedia Diff. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/6#A7|continue reading]])
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;msg-newsletter&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

Also, a draft of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2022-2023/draft|'''2022-23 Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan''']] has been published. Input is being sought on-wiki and during [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2022-2023/Conversations|'''several conversations''' with Wikimedia Foundation CEO Maryana Iskander]].

[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2022-2023/Conversations/Announcement|See full announcement on Meta-wiki]]. [[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] 01:45, 22 April 2022 (UTC)
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== New Wikipedia Library Collections Available Now - April 2022 ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;

Hello Wikimedians! 
[[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|upright|The TWL owl says sign up today!]]
[[m:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] has free access to new paywalled reliable sources. You can these and dozens more collections at https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/:
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/128/ Wiley]''' – journals, books, and research resources, covering life, health, social, and physical sciences
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/125/ OECD]''' – OECD iLibrary, Data, and Multimedia​​ published by the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/129/ SPIE Digital Library]''' – journals and eBooks on optics and photonics applied research

Many other sources are freely available for experienced editors, including collections which recently became accessible to all eligible editors: Cambridge University Press, BMJ, AAAS, Érudit and more.

Do better research and help expand the use of high quality references across Wikipedia projects: log in today!
&lt;br&gt;--The Wikipedia Library Team 13:17, 26 April 2022 (UTC)

:&lt;small&gt;This message was delivered via the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/MassMessage#Global_message_delivery Global Mass Message] tool to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List].&lt;/small&gt;
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== Coming soon: Improvements for templates ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;!--T:11--&gt;
[[File:Overview of changes in the VisualEditor template dialog by WMDE Technical Wishes.webm|thumb|Fundamental changes in the template dialog.]]
Hello, more changes around templates are coming to your wiki soon:

The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User guide#Editing templates|'''template dialog''' in VisualEditor]] and in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/2017 wikitext editor|2017 Wikitext Editor]] (beta) will be '''improved fundamentally''': 
This should help users understand better what the template expects, how to navigate the template, and how to add parameters. 
* [[metawiki:WMDE Technical Wishes/VisualEditor template dialog improvements|project page]], [[metawiki:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/VisualEditor template dialog improvements|talk page]]

In '''syntax highlighting''' ([[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] extension), you can activate a '''colorblind-friendly''' color scheme with a user setting. 
* [[metawiki:WMDE Technical Wishes/Improved Color Scheme of Syntax Highlighting#Color-blind_mode|project page]], [[metawiki:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Improved Color Scheme of Syntax Highlighting|talk page]]

Deployment is planned for May 10. This is the last set of improvements from [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes|WMDE Technical Wishes']] focus area “[[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Templates|Templates]]”. 

We would love to hear your feedback on our talk pages!
&lt;/div&gt; -- [[m:User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|Johanna Strodt (WMDE)]] 11:14, 29 April 2022 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Editing news 2022 #1&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;message&quot;/&gt;&lt;i&gt;[[metawiki:VisualEditor/Newsletter/2022/April|Read this in another language]] • [[m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|Subscription list for this multilingual newsletter]]&lt;/i&gt;
[[File:Junior Contributor New Topic Tool Completion Rate.png|thumb|New editors were more successful with this new tool.]]

The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools#New discussion tool|New topic tool]] helps editors create new ==Sections== on discussion pages.  New editors are more successful with this new tool.  You can [[mw:Talk pages project/New topic#21 April 2022|read the report]].  Soon, the Editing team will offer this to all editors at the 20 Wikipedias that participated in the test.  You will be able to turn it off at [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing-discussion]].&lt;section end=&quot;message&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:Whatamidoing (WMF)|Whatamidoing (WMF)]] 18:55, 2 Mejju 2022 (UTC)
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== 2022 Board of Trustees Call for Candidates ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt; 
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Call for Candidates/Short|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Call for Candidates/Short|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Call for Candidates/Short}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

The Board of Trustees seeks candidates for the 2022 Board of Trustees election. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Announcement/Call_for_Candidates|'''Read more on Meta-wiki.''']]

The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022|2022 Board of Trustees election]] is here! Please consider submitting your candidacy to serve on the Board of Trustees.

The Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees oversees the Wikimedia Foundation's operations. Community-and-affiliate selected trustees and Board-appointed trustees make up the Board of Trustees. Each trustee serves a three year term. The Wikimedia community has the opportunity to vote for community-and-affiliate selected trustees.

The Wikimedia community will vote to fill two seats on the Board in 2022. This is an opportunity to improve the representation, diversity, and expertise of the Board as a team.

;Who are potential candidates? Are you a potential candidate? Find out more on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Apply to be a Candidate|Apply to be a Candidate page]].

Thank you for your support, 

Movement Strategy and Governance on behalf of the Elections Committee and the Board of Trustees&lt;br /&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
10:39, 10 Mejju 2022 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Revisions to the Universal Code of Conduct (UCoC) Enforcement Guidelines&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Revision discussions/Announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Revision discussions/Announcement}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''
Hello all,

We'd like to provide an update on the work on the Enforcement Guidelines for the Universal Code of Conduct.  After the conclusion of the community vote on the guidelines in March, the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee|Community Affairs committee (CAC)]] of the Board [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikimedia-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/JAYQN3NYKCHQHONMUONYTI6WRKZFQNSC/ asked that several areas of the guidelines be reviewed for improvements] before the Board does its final review. These areas were identified based on community discussions and comments provided during the vote. The CAC also requested review of the controversial Note in 3.1 of the UCoC itself.

Once more, a big thank you to all who voted, especially to all who left constructive feedback and comments!  The project team is working with the Board to establish a timeline for this work, and will communicate this next month. 

Members of the two prior [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Drafting committee|UCoC Drafting Committees]] have generously offered their time to help shape improvements to the Guidelines. You can read more about them and their work [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Drafting committee#Revisions_Committee|here]], as well as read [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Drafting_committee/Phase_2_meeting_summaries#2022|summaries of their weekly meetings in 2022]]. 

Wikimedians have provided many valuable comments together with the vote and in other conversations. Given the size and diversity of the Wikimedia community, there are even more voices out there who can give ideas on how to improve the enforcement guidelines and add even more valuable ideas to the process. To help the Revisions committee identify improvements, input on several questions for the committee’s review is requested. Visit the Meta-wiki pages ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines/Revision_discussions|Enforcement Guidelines revision discussions]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Policy text/Revision_discussions|Policy text revision discussions]]) to get your ideas to the Committee - it is very important that viewpoints are heard from different communities before the Committee begins drafting revision proposals.

On behalf of the UCoC project team &lt;br /&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] 22:56, 3 Ġunju 2022 (UTC)
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== Wiki Loves Earth 2022 f'Malta ==

[[Stampa:WLE_Austria_Logo_(transparent).svg|lemin|200x200px]]
Malta qed tieħu sehem għall-ewwel darba fil-konkors '''[[c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Earth_2022_in_Malta|Wiki Loves Earth]]''' matul ix-xahar ta' Ġunju. Diversi utenti tal-Wikipedija jingħaqdu kull sena ma' komunitajiet oħra tal-Wikimedia madwar id-dinja għal konkors fotografiku dwar wirt naturali protett. F'Malta dan qed isir bil-kollaborazzjoni ta' [[metawiki:Wikimedia Community User Group Malta|Wikimedia Community Malta]]. Ir-rebbieħa ta' dan il-konkors jitħabbru f'Awwissu. [[Utent:ToniSant|ToniSant]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:ToniSant|d]]) 08:32, 5 Ġunju 2022 (UTC)

== Results of Wiki Loves Folklore 2022 is out! ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
{{int:please-translate}}
[[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|150px|frameless]]

Hi, Greetings

The winners for '''[[c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2022|Wiki Loves Folklore 2022]]''' is announced!

We are happy to share with you winning images for this year's edition. This year saw over 8,584 images represented on commons in over 92 countries. Kindly see images '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2022/Winners|here]]'''

Our profound gratitude to all the people who participated and organized local contests and photo walks for this project.

We hope to have you contribute to the campaign next year.

'''Thank you,'''

'''Wiki Loves Folklore International Team'''

--[[Utent:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:MediaWiki message delivery|d]]) 16:12, 4 Lulju 2022 (UTC)

&lt;/div&gt;
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== Enabling Section Translation: a new mobile translation experience ==

{{int:Hello}} Maltese Wikipedians!

Apologies as this message is not in Maltese language, {{Int:Please-translate}}.

The [[mw:Wikimedia_Language_engineering|WMF Language team]] is pleased to let you know that we will like to enable the [[mw:Content_translation/Section_translation|Section translation]] tool in Maltese Wikipedia. For this, our team will love you to read about the tool and test it so you can:

* Give us your feedback
* Ask us questions
* Tell us how to improve it.

Below is background information about Section translation, why we have chosen your community, and how to test it.

'''Background information'''

[[mw:Content_translation|Content Translation]] has been a successful tool for editors to create content in their language. More than one million articles have been created across all languages since the tool was released in 2015. The Wikimedia Foundation Language team has improved the translation experience further with the Section Translation. The WMF Language team enabled the early version of the tool in February in Bengali Wikipedia. Through their feedback, the tool was improved and ready for your community to test and help us with feedback to make it better.

[https://design.wikimedia.org/strategy/section-translation.html Section Translation] extends the capabilities of Content Translation to support mobile devices. On mobile, the tool will:

* Guide you to translate one section at a time in order to expand existing articles or create new ones.
* Make it easy to transfer knowledge across languages anytime from your mobile device.

Maltese Wikipedia seems an ideal candidate to enjoy this new tool since data shows significant mobile editing activity.

We plan to enable the tool on Maltese Wikipedia in the coming weeks if there are no objections from your community. After it is enabled, we’ll monitor the content created with the tool and process all the feedback. In any case, feel free to raise any concerns or questions you may already have in any of the following formats:

* As a reply to this message
* On [[mw:Talk:Content_translation/Section_translation|the project talk page]].

'''Try the tool'''

Before the enablement, you can try the current implementation of the tool in [https://test.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:ContentTranslation our testing instance]. Once it is enabled on Maltese Wikipedia, you’ll have access to [[:ts:Special:ContentTranslation|https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:ContentTranslation]] with your mobile device. You can select an article to translate, and machine translation will be provided as a starting point for editors to improve.

'''Provide feedback'''

Please provide feedback about Section translation in any of the formats you are most comfortable with. We want to hear about your impressions on:

* The tool
* What you think about our plans to enable it
* Your ideas for improving the tool.

Thanks, and we look forward to your feedback and questions.

[[Utent:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:UOzurumba (WMF)|d]]) 05:23, 7 Lulju 2022 (UTC) On behalf of the WMF Language team

'''PS''': Sending your feedback or questions in English is particularly appreciated. But, you can still send them in the language of your choice.

===Section Translation tool enabled in Maltese Wikipedia===

Hello Friends!
 
The Language team is pleased to let you know that the [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Content_translation/Section_translation Section Translation] tool is [https://mt.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:ContentTranslation?title=Especial:Traducci%C3%B3n_de_contenidos&amp;from=en&amp;to=mt&amp;sx=true&amp;section=#/ now enabled in Maltese Wikipedia]. It means you can translate real content one section at a time using your mobile devices with ease.

Now you can also start translating an article on your mobile device right when you notice it is missing in Maltese. From a Wikipedia article in any language, switch languages and search for Malti. If the article does not exist, an option to translate it will appear, as shown in the image below.
 
[[File:Sx-language-selector-invite-th.png|thumb|center|Image of the entry point]]

Content created with the tool will be marked [https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spe%C4%8Bjali:Re%C4%A1istru?type=&amp;user=&amp;page=&amp;wpdate=&amp;tagfilter=sectiontranslation&amp;wpfilters%5B%5D=newusers with the “sectiontranslation” tag] for the community to review. We’ll monitor the content created, but we are very interested in hearing about your experience using the tool and reviewing the content created with it. 
 
So, [https://mt.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:ContentTranslation enjoy the tool] and [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Talk:Content_translation/Section_translation provide feedback] on improving it.

Thank you!

[[Utent:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:UOzurumba (WMF)|d]]) 16:59, 10 Awwissu 2022 (UTC)

== Propose statements for the 2022 Election Compass ==

:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Propose statements for the 2022 Election Compass| You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Propose statements for the 2022 Election Compass|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Propose statements for the 2022 Election Compass}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

Hi all,

Community members in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022|2022 Board of Trustees election]] are invited to [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Community_Voting/Election_Compass|propose statements to use in the Election Compass.]]

An Election Compass is a tool to help voters select the candidates that best align with their beliefs and views. The community members will propose statements for the candidates to answer using a Lickert scale (agree/neutral/disagree). The candidates’ answers to the statements will be loaded into the Election Compass tool. Voters will use the tool by entering in their answer to the statements (agree/disagree/neutral). The results will show the candidates that best align with the voter’s beliefs and views.

;Here is the timeline for the Election Compass:

* July 8 - 20: Community members propose statements for the Election Compass
* July 21 - 22: Elections Committee reviews statements for clarity and removes off-topic statements
* July 23 - August 1: Volunteers vote on the statements
* August 2 - 4: Elections Committee selects the top 15 statements
* August 5 - 12: candidates align themselves with the statements
* August 15: The Election Compass opens for voters to use to help guide their voting decision

The Elections Committee will select the top 15 statements at the beginning of August. The Elections Committee will oversee the process, supported by the Movement Strategy and Governance team. MSG will check that the questions are clear, there are no duplicates, no typos, and so on.

Best,

Movement Strategy and Governance

''This message was sent on behalf of the Board Selection Task Force and the Elections Committee''&lt;br /&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;

[[User:MNadzikiewicz (WMF)|MNadzikiewicz (WMF)]] ([[User talk:MNadzikiewicz (WMF)|talk]]) 11:34, 14 Lulju 2022 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Movement Strategy and Governance News – Issue 7&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;msg-newsletter&quot;/&gt;
&lt;div style = &quot;line-height: 1.2&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:200%;&quot;&gt;'''Movement Strategy and Governance News'''&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:120%; color:#404040;&quot;&gt;'''Issue 7, July-September 2022'''&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:120%; float:right;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7|'''Read the full newsletter''']]&lt;/span&gt; 
----
Welcome to the 7th issue of Movement Strategy and Governance News! The newsletter distributes relevant news and events about the implementation of Wikimedia's [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy/Initiatives|Movement Strategy recommendations]], other relevant topics regarding Movement governance, as well as different projects and activities supported by the Movement Strategy and Governance (MSG) team of the Wikimedia Foundation.  

The MSG Newsletter is delivered quarterly, while the more frequent [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy/Updates|Movement Strategy Weekly]] will be delivered weekly. Please remember to subscribe [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/MSG Newsletter Subscription|here]] if you would like to receive future issues of this newsletter.
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:3px; padding:10px 10px 10px 20px; background:#fffff; border:2px solid #808080; border-radius:4px; font-size:100%;&quot;&gt; 

* '''Movement sustainability''': Wikimedia Foundation's annual sustainability report has been published. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A1|continue reading]])
* '''Improving user experience''': recent improvements on the desktop interface for Wikimedia projects. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A2|continue reading]])
* '''Safety and inclusion''': updates on the revision process of the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A3|continue reading]])
* '''Equity in decisionmaking''': reports from Hubs pilots conversations, recent progress from the Movement Charter Drafting Committee, and a new white paper for futures of participation in the Wikimedia movement. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A4|continue reading]])
* '''Stakeholders coordination''': launch of a helpdesk for Affiliates and volunteer communities working on content partnership. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A5|continue reading]])
* '''Leadership development''': updates on leadership projects by Wikimedia movement organizers in Brazil and Cape Verde. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A6|continue reading]])
* '''Internal knowledge management''': launch of a new portal for technical documentation and community resources. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A7|continue reading]])
* '''Innovate in free knowledge''': high-quality audiovisual resources for scientific experiments and a new toolkit to record oral transcripts. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A8|continue reading]])
* '''Evaluate, iterate, and adapt''': results from the Equity Landscape project pilot ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A9|continue reading]])
* '''Other news and updates''': a new forum to discuss Movement Strategy implementation, upcoming Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees election, a new podcast to discuss Movement Strategy, and change of personnel for the Foundation's Movement Strategy and Governance team. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A10|continue reading]])
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;msg-newsletter&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

Thank you for reading! [[User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 01:37, 18 Lulju 2022 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Strategy_and_Governance/Delivery&amp;oldid=23529147 --&gt;

== Announcing the six candidates for the 2022 Board of Trustees election ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot;/&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Announcing the six candidates for the 2022 Board of Trustees election| You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Announcing the six candidates for the 2022 Board of Trustees election|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Announcing the six candidates for the 2022 Board of Trustees election}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

Hi everyone,

'''The Affiliate voting process has concluded.''' Representatives from each Affiliate organization learned about the candidates by reading candidates’ statements, reviewing candidates’ answers to questions, and considering the candidates’ ratings provided by the Analysis Committee. The selected 2022 Board of Trustees candidates are:

* Tobechukwu Precious Friday ([[:m:User:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]])
* Farah Jack Mustaklem ([[:m:User:Fjmustak|Fjmustak]])
* Shani Evenstein Sigalov ([[:m:User:Esh77|Esh77]])
* Kunal Mehta ([[:m:User:Legoktm|Legoktm]])
* Michał Buczyński ([[:m:User:Aegis Maelstrom|Aegis Maelstrom]])
* Mike Peel ([[:m:User:Mike Peel|Mike Peel]])

You may see more information about the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Results|Results]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Stats|Statistics]] of this Board election.

Please take a moment to appreciate the Affiliate Representatives and Analysis Committee members for taking part in this process and helping to grow the Board of Trustees in capacity and diversity. These hours of volunteer work connect us across understanding and perspective. Thank you for your participation.

Thank you to the community members who put themselves forward as candidates for the Board of Trustees. Considering joining the Board of Trustees is no small decision. The time and dedication candidates have shown to this point speaks to their commitment to this movement. Congratulations to those candidates who have been selected. A great amount of appreciation and gratitude for those candidates not selected. Please continue to share your leadership with Wikimedia.

Thank you to those who followed the Affiliate process for this Board election. You may review the results of the Affiliate selection process.

'''The next part of the Board election process is the community voting period.''' [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022#Timeline|You may view the Board election timeline here]]. To prepare for the community voting period, there are several things community members can engage with in the following ways:

* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Candidates|Read candidates’ statements]] and read the candidates’ answers to the questions posed by the Affiliate Representatives.
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Community_Voting/Questions_for_Candidates|Propose and select the 6 questions for candidates to answer during their video Q&amp;A]].
* See the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Candidates|Analysis Committee’s ratings of candidates on each candidate’s statement]].
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Community Voting/Election Compass|Propose statements for the Election Compass]] voters can use to find which candidates best fit their principles.
* Encourage others in your community to take part in the election.

Best,

Movement Strategy and Governance

''This message was sent on behalf of the Board Selection Task Force and the Elections Committee''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot;/&gt;

[[User:MNadzikiewicz (WMF)|MNadzikiewicz (WMF)]] 14:03, 27 Lulju 2022 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:MNadzikiewicz (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Strategy_and_Governance/Delivery&amp;oldid=23530132 --&gt;

== Vote for Election Compass Statements ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Vote for Election Compass Statements| You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Vote for Election Compass Statements|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Vote for Election Compass Statements}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

Hi all,

Volunteers in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022|2022 Board of Trustees election]] are invited to [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Community_Voting/Election_Compass/Statements|vote for statements to use in the Election Compass]]. You can vote for the statements you would like to see included in the Election Compass on Meta-wiki.

An Election Compass is a tool to help voters select the candidates that best align with their beliefs and views. The community members will propose statements for the candidates to answer using a Lickert scale (agree/neutral/disagree). The candidates’ answers to the statements will be loaded into the Election Compass tool. Voters will use the tool by entering in their answer to the statements (agree/disagree/neutral). The results will show the candidates that best align with the voter’s beliefs and views.

Here is the timeline for the Election Compass:

*&lt;s&gt;July 8 - 20: Volunteers propose statements for the Election Compass&lt;/s&gt;
*&lt;s&gt;July 21 - 22: Elections Committee reviews statements for clarity and removes off-topic statements&lt;/s&gt;
*July 23 - August 1: Volunteers vote on the statements
*August 2 - 4: Elections Committee selects the top 15 statements
*August 5 - 12: candidates align themselves with the statements
*August 15: The Election Compass opens for voters to use to help guide their voting decision

The Elections Committee will select the top 15 statements at the beginning of August

Best, 

Movement Strategy and Governance

''This message was sent on behalf of the Board Selection Task Force and the Elections Committee''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
[[User:MNadzikiewicz (WMF)|MNadzikiewicz (WMF)]] 21:01, 27 Lulju 2022 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:MNadzikiewicz (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Strategy_and_Governance/Delivery&amp;oldid=23530132 --&gt;

== Wiki Loves Earth 2022 f'Malta ==

[[Stampa:WLE_Austria_Logo_(transparent).svg|lemin|200x200px]]
Bi pjaċir kbir inħabbru [[c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Earth_2022/Winners#Malta|r-rebbieħa minn Malta tal-konkors globali Wiki Loves Earth 2022]].

Kull sena diversi utenti tal-Wikipedija jingħaqdu ma' komunitajiet oħra tal-Wikimedia madwar id-dinja għal konkors fotografiku dwar wirt naturali protett. L-ewwel edizzjoni tal-konkors '''[[c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Earth_2022_in_Malta|Wiki Loves Earth]]''' f'Malta saret matul ix-xhur ta' Ġunju u Lulju ta' din is-sena.  

F'Malta dawn il-konkorsi jsiru bil-kollaborazzjoni ta' [[metawiki:Wikimedia Community User Group Malta|Wikimedia Community Malta]] (WCM), li tifraħ lill-utenti kollha li ħadu sehem f'dan il-konkors, b'mod partikolari lil dawk li r-ritratti taħghom ingħażlu biex jipparteċipaw fil-konkors internazzjonali. Grazzi u prosit tassew!

Aktar dettalji dwar premjijiet u apprezzamenti tal-parteċipazzjoni dalwaqt, fuq is-sit ta' WCM. -- [[Utent:ToniSant|ToniSant]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:ToniSant|d]]) 10:44, 23 Awwissu 2022 (UTC)

== Mudell:Progress bar ==

Ħellow,
Jien editur Malti u m'ilnix wisq fuq il-WP Maltija. Waqt li qed nipprova nagħmel 'table' għall-reżultati ta elezzjoni ta Partit żgħir partikolari (dawn il-pettegorezzi żgħar ta infoboxes u templates jinteressawni ħafna) u nasal għas-Siġġijiet fil-Parlament Malti, insib li ma jeżistix xi forma ta mudell għal 'progress bar' jew indikazzjoni simili illi tallokala numru bhala 'fraction' u ggibulhek qishu loading bar. Fittixt ftit fil-lista ta Mudelli imma ma sibt xejn. Qed infittex ħażin, jew għadha ma teżistix? Fuq il-WP Ingliża dan huwa [[w:Template:Composition bar]] (Fuq kollox nispera li tfajt dal-messaġġ fiċ-'channel' tajjeb.)

[[Utent:Mtonna257|Mtonna257]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:Mtonna257|d]]) 10:24, 25 Awwissu 2022 (UTC)

:Ħloqt verżjoni tal-mudell fuq din il-wiki {{tl|Composition bar}}. Mhuwiex mibni kompletament fuq il-verżjoni tal-wiki Ingliża, pero naħseb għandu jaqdi l-għanijiet tiegħek. Kellimni f'każ li jkun hemm bżonn xi bidla. —[[Utent:Chrisportelli|Chrisportelli]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:Chrisportelli|d]]) 19:20, 25 Awwissu 2022 (UTC)
::Prosit, perfetta. Skużi tad-dewmien fit-tweġiba.
::[[Utent:Mtonna257|Mtonna257]] ([[Diskussjoni utent:Mtonna257|d]]) 07:40, 26 Awwissu 2022 (UTC)

== The 2022 Board of Trustees election Community Voting period is now open ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/The 2022 Board of Trustees election Community Voting period is now open| You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/The 2022 Board of Trustees election Community Voting period is now open|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/The 2022 Board of Trustees election Community Voting period is now open}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

Hi everyone,

The Community Voting period for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022|2022 Board of Trustees election]] is now open. Here are some helpful links to get you the information you need to vote:

* Try the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Community_Voting/Election_Compass|Election Compass]], showing how candidates stand on 15 different topics.
* Read the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Candidates|candidate statements]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Affiliate_Organization_Participation/Candidate_Questions|answers to Affiliate questions]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Apply to be a Candidate|Learn more about the skills the Board seeks]] and how the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Candidates|Analysis Committee found candidates align with those skills]]

If you are ready to vote, you may go to [[Special:SecurePoll/vote/Wikimedia_Foundation_Board_Elections_2022|SecurePoll voting page]] to vote now. '''You may vote from August 23 at 00:00 UTC to September 6 at 23:59 UTC.''' To see about your voter eligibility, please visit the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Voter_eligibility_guidelines|voter eligibility page]].

Best,

Movement Strategy and Governance

''This message was sent on behalf of the Board Selection Task Force and the Elections Committee''&lt;br /&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;

[[User:MNadzikiewicz_(WMF)|MNadzikiewicz (WMF)]]
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:MNadzikiewicz (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Strategy_and_Governance/Delivery&amp;oldid=23708360 --&gt;</text>
      <sha1>cgeasbdkf8hhazygqgf3j7lma32buq2</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Portal:Sport</title>
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        <username>Chrisportelli</username>
        <id>355</id>
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      <text bytes="2788" xml:space="preserve">{{storika}}
__NOTOC__ __NOEDITSECTION__
&lt;div style=&quot;float:right; width:100%&quot;&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;padding:0.3em;border:2px solid #8AB4DE;background:#ececec; text-align:center;font-size:170%;font-weight:bold;color:#A0A0A0;margin-top:.2em;&quot;&gt;Portal tal-Isport&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;!-- INTRODUZZJONI --&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;padding:1em; text-align:left; font-weight:normal; background:#f9f9f9; border:2px solid #abcdef;margin-top:1em;&quot;&gt;
{{kwota|Citius!, Altius!, Fortius!|[[mottu Olimpiku]]}}

Merħba fil-'''Portal tal-Isport''', il-post fejn tista' tesplora faċilment il-paġni tal-[[Wikipedija]] dedikati għall-[[sport|isport]]! Jekk intom interessati li tagħtu is-sehem tagħkom f'din is-sezzjoni ta' [[Wikipedija:Mt.wiki|mt.wiki]], allura nistidnuwkom fil-[[Proġett:Sport|Proġett Sport]] u tingħaqdu magħna. Għal kummenti, kritika, senjalazzjonijiet u suġġerimenti tistgħu tiktbuhom fil-[[Diskussjoni portal:Sport|paġna ta' diskussjoni]].
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:center; margin:0.25em auto 0.75em&quot;&gt;{{purge|'''Ara l-aħħar aġġornamenti'''}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;float:left; width:55%;&quot;&gt;
&lt;!--
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--&gt;
{{/bidu|Sport|Portal:Sport/Intro|}}
{{/Intro}}
{{/tmiem|}}
&lt;!--
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      ARTIKLU FIL-VETRINA
----------------------------------
--&gt;
{{/bidu|Artiklu fil-Vetrina|Portal:Sport/Vetrina|}}
{{/Vetrina/{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}}
{{/tmiem|}}
&lt;!-- 
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       L-AĦĦAR AĦBARIJIET
----------------------------------
--&gt;
{{/bidu|L-aħħar aħbarijiet|Portal:Sport/Aħbarijiet|}}
(''f'kollaborazzjoni mas-sezzjoni sportiva tal-[[:wikinews:Portal:Sports|Wikibarijiet]]'')&lt;br/&gt;
L-aħħar aħbarijiet mid-dinja sportiva:
{{/Aħbarijiet}}
{{/tmiem|}}
&lt;!-- 
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         AVVENIMENTI
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--&gt;
{{/bidu|Avvenimenti kurrenti|Portal:Sport/Avvenimenti|}}
{{/Avvenimenti}}
{{/tmiem|}}
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;width:44%; float:right;&quot;&gt;
&lt;!--
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       ARTIKLI RIĊENTI
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--&gt;
{{/bidu|Artikli riċenti|Portal:Sport/Artikli riċenti|}}
''(Fuq issibu l-artikli l-aktar riċenti)''
{{/Artikli riċenti}}
{{/tmiem|}}
&lt;!--
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         KATEGORIJI
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{{/bidu|Kategoriji relatati|Portal:Sport/Kategoriji|}}
{{/Kategoriji}}
{{/tmiem|}}
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;!-- 
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    AKTAR FUQ IL-WIKIMEDIA
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{{/bidu|Aktar fuq il-Wikimedia|Mudell:PortaliWikimedia|noedit=1}}
{{PortaliWikimedia|page=Sports}}
{{/tmiem|}}
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:right&quot;&gt;''{{purge}}''&lt;/div&gt;

[[Kategorija:Portali|Sport]]

[[hr:Portal:Sport]]</text>
      <sha1>9nntvt1lrl3g8mrc1tiimihrezgcm22</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Real Madrid CF</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <id>279764</id>
      <parentid>253615</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-25T19:50:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Chrisportelli</username>
        <id>355</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>tiswija tar-referenzi</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="31994" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox Tim tal-Futbol
| isem  = Real Madrid
| stampa = [[Stampa:Logo Real Madrid.png|170px]]
| pattern_la1 = _realmadridcf2223h
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'''Real Madrid Club de Fútbol''' (magħruf sempliċement bħala '''Real Madrid''') hu [[klabb tal-futbol]] professjonali bbażat f'[[Madrid]], fi [[Spanja]]. Fil-futbol Spanjol hu l-iktar tim b'suċċessi u ġie vvutat mill-FIFA bħala l-aqwa klabb tas-seklu 20, wara li rebaħ rekord ta' wieħed u tletin titlu tal-[[La Liga]], sbatax-il [[Tazza tar-Re|Tazza Spanjola]], disa' [[UEFA Champions League|Tazez taċ-Ċampjins]] u żewġ [[Tazza UEFA|Tazez UEFA]]. Real kienu fost il-membri fundatarji tal-grupp [[G-14]], għaqda li kienet tgħaqqad l-aqwa klabbs Ewropej li ġiet sostitwita mill-European Club Association.

Fundat fl-1902, Real Madrid qatt l-istorja kollha tiegħu fl-ogħla livell tal-futbol Spanjol. Fis-snin ħamsin, il-klabb stabilixxa lilu nnifsu bħala forza kbira kemm fil-kamp Spanjol u anki f'dak Ewropew. Fis-snin tmenin, il-klabb kellu wieħed mill-aqwa timijiet fi Spanja u l-Ewropa (magħruf bħala ''[[Quinta del Buitre|La Quinta del Buitre]]''), fejn rebaħ żewġ Tazez UEFA, ħames kampjonati Spanjoli konsekuttivi u tliet Supertazez Spanjoli.

Il-kulur tradizzjonali tal-klabb għal logħob ġewwa darhom huwa kollox [[abjad]]. L-emblema ġie mibdula diversi drabi matul is-snin fi sforz biex jimmodernizzawha; l-emblema kurrenti hi verżjoni modifikata tal-ewwel waħda adottata fl-1920. Huma jilgħabu fis-[[Stadju Santiago Bernabéu|Santiago Bernabéu]], li jospita 80,354 ruħ, fejn ilu jilgħab fih mill-1947. B'differenza minn ħafna klabbs tal-futbol Ewropej, il-membri ta' Real Madrid (''socios'') kienu proprjetarji u operaw lill-klabb mill-fundazzjoni tiegħu. Real hu l-iktar klabb tal-futbol sinjur fid-dinja ([[Ewro|€]]366m) skont l-introjtu li jagħmel.

== Storja ==
{{artiklu prinċipali|Storja ta' Real Madrid CF}}

== Kuluri u emblema ==
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}}  
L-ewwel emblema ta' Real Madrid kellha disinn sempliċi li kien jikkonsisti mit-tliet inizzjali tal-klabb, &quot;MCF&quot; għal Madrid Club de Fútbol, imwaħħdin ma' xulxin u miktubin b'kulur [[blu]] skur fuq flokk [[abjad]]. L-ewwel bidla fl-emblema seħħet fl-1908 meta l-istess tliet inizzjali adottaw stil bħallikieku qegħdin fuq xulxin, bl-ittra M (ta' Madrid) tkun l-aktar waħda importanti u ċentrali, qalb ċirku tond.&lt;ref name=&quot;Escudo Real Madrid&quot;&gt;{{ċita web
|titlu = Escudo Real Madrid | url = http://www.santiagobernabeu.com/contentid-14.html | pubblikatur =santiagobernabeu.com | data-aċċess = 2009-04-12 |lingwa=Spanjol}}&lt;/ref&gt; Il-bidla segwenti fil-konfigurazzjoni tal-emblema damet ma saret sal-1920 wara l-kisba tal-presidenza ta' [[Pedro Parages]]. F'dak iż-żmien, ir-[[Alfonso XIII ta' Spanja|Re Alfonso XIII]] ta lill-klabb il-patroċinju rjali tiegħu li wasal fil-forma tat-titlu &quot;Real&quot;, li tradotta tiġi &quot;Rjali&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Pedro Parages&quot;&gt; {{ċita web |titlu = Presidents&amp;nbsp;— Pedro Parages | url = http://www.realmadrid.com/cs/Satellite/en/1193041516821/1193042223056/contenido/Presidente/Pedro_Parages.htm | pubblikatur = Real Madrid CF | data-aċċess= 2009-04-12 |lingwa=Ingliż }}&lt;/ref&gt; B'hekk, il-kuruna ta' Alfonso ġiet miżjuda mal-emblema u l-klabb biddel ismu għal ''Real Madrid Club de Fútbol''.&lt;ref name=&quot;Escudo Real Madrid&quot;/&gt; Bix-xoljiment tal-monarkija fl-1931, is-simboli rjali kollha (il-kuruna fuq l-emblema u t-titlu Real) ġew imneħħija. Il-kuruna ġiet sostitwita minn faxxa skura kulur iċ-ċawsla tar-Reġjun ta' Kastilja. Fl-1941, sentejn wara t-tmiem tal-[[Gwerra Ċivili Spanjola|Gwerra Ċivili]], ir-&quot;Real Corona&quot; tal-emblema, jew il-&quot;Kuruna Rjali&quot;, reġgħet ġiet mpoġġija fuq l-emblema waqt li anke l-faxxa ta' [[Kastilja (reġjun storiku)|Kastilja]] wkoll baqgħet. Aktar minn hekk, l-emblema ingħatat il-kulur, bil-kulur dehbi jkun l-iktar pominenti, u l-klabb reġgħet beda jissejaħ Real Madrid Club de Fútbol.&lt;ref name=&quot;Escudo Real Madrid&quot;/&gt; L-aktar modifika riċenti li saret, saret fl-2001 meta l-klabb ried li tkun aktar kontemporanja għas-seklu 21 u standarizza aktar din l-emblema. Waħda mill-modifikazzjonijiet li saret kienet li l-istrixxa dijagonali jitbiddlilha l-kulur għal wieħed aktar ikħal.&lt;ref name=&quot;Escudo Real Madrid&quot;/&gt;

Il-kuluri tradizzjonali ta' Real Madrid għal logħob ġewwa darhom huwa kollu abjad, minkejja li għall-bidu kienet ġiet adottata strixxa oblikwa bluna fuq il-flokk.&lt;ref name=&quot;Camiseta Real Madrid&quot;&gt;{{ċita web |titlu= Camiseta Real Madrid | url = http://www.santiagobernabeu.com/contentid-15.html | pubblikatur = santiagobernabeu.com | data-aċċess= 2008-11-29 |lingwa=Spanjol}}&lt;/ref&gt; Il-flokk bl-istrixxa ġie sostitwit minn verżjoni kollha bajda, immudellata skont il-flokk milbus minn [[Corinthian FC]], fl-1902.&lt;ref&gt;L-uniformi kompleta ta' Real Madrid għal partiti ġewwa darhom, fl-1905, kienet kollha bajda, u kien għalhekk li l-benjamini tagħhom bdew isejjħu 'l-plejers bħala ''Los Blancos''&lt;/ref&gt; Fl-istess sena, il-kalzetti bluni ġew sostitwiti minn oħrajn suwed. Lejn il-bidu tal-erbgħinijiet, il-kowċ biddel l-uniformi għal waħda bil-buttuni mal-flokk u l-emblema tal-klabb ġiet pożizzjonata fuq in-naħa xellugija (li baqgħet hekk sal-ġurnata tal-lum). Fit-23 ta' Novembru 1947, f'partita kontra [[Atlético Madrid]] fl-Istadju ''Metropolitano'', it-tim ta' Real Madrid sar l-ewwel tim Spanjol li ħareġ bi flokkijiet numerati.

Il-kuluri tradizzjonali għal partiti barra minn darhom huma kollha suwed jew kollha vjola. L-uniformi attwali tal-klabb hi maħduma minn [[Adidas]] li l-kuntratt tagħhom mal-klabb jestendi sal-1998.&lt;ref&gt;{{ċita web |titlu = Leaders in sporting goods |url=http://www.realmadrid.com/cs/Satellite/en/1202733617742/noticia/Noticia/Leaders_in_sporting_goods.htm | pubblikatur = Real Madrid CF | data = 2006-12-01 | data-aċċess = 2008-07-12 |isem=Álvaro |kunjom=Velasco |lingwa=Ingliż }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ċita web |titlu = Our Sponsors — Adidas |url=http://www.realmadrid.com/cs/Satellite/en/1193042216490/contenido/Patrocinador/Adidas.htm |pubblikatur= Real Madrid CF |data-aċċess = 2008-07-18
|lingwa=Ingliż }}&lt;/ref&gt; L-isponsor attwali tal-uniformi ta' Real Madrid huwa [[bwin.com]], wara l-problemi ekonomiċi ta' BenQ Siemens.&lt;ref&gt;{{ċita web
|titlu = Real Madrid and Bwin sign sponsorship agreement |url=http://www.realmadrid.com/cs/Satellite/en/1202730193846/noticia/Noticia/Three_year_deal.htm
|pubblikatur= Real Madrid CF |data = 2008-06-11 |data-aċċess= 2008-07-18 |isem=Juan José |kunjom=López Soto |lingwa=Ingliż }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ċita web
|titlu= Our Sponsors — bwin.com |url=http://www.realmadrid.com/cs/Satellite/en/1193042218494/contenido/Patrocinador/bwin.htm |pubblikatur= Real Madrid CF |data-aċċess= 2008-07-18 |lingwa=Ingliż }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Innu ==

{{isma'
|filename=Innu Real Madrid.ogg
|title=Innu ta' Real Madrid
|description=
|format=[[Ogg]]}}

De las glorias deportivas, que campean por España&lt;br /&gt;
va el Madrid con su bandera, limpia y blanca que no empaña.&lt;br /&gt;
Club castizo y generoso, todo nervio y corazón,&lt;br /&gt;
veteranos y noveles, veteranos y noveles,&lt;br /&gt;
miran siempre sus laureles con respeto y emoción.&lt;br /&gt;

¡Hala Madrid!, ¡Hala Madrid!&lt;br /&gt;
Noble y bélico adalid, caballero del honor.&lt;br /&gt;
¡Hala Madrid!, ¡Hala Madrid!&lt;br /&gt;
A triunfar en buena lid, defendiendo tu color&lt;br /&gt;
¡Hala Madrid!, ¡Hala Madrid!, ¡Hala Madrid!&lt;br /&gt;

Enemigo en la contienda, cuando pierde da la mano&lt;br /&gt;
sin envidias ni rencores, como bueno y fiel hermano.&lt;br /&gt;
Los domingos por la tarde, caminando a Chamartín,&lt;br /&gt;
las mocitas madrileñas, las mocitas madrileñas&lt;br /&gt;
van alegres y risueñas porque hoy juega su Madrid&lt;br /&gt;

¡Hala Madrid!, ¡Hala Madrid!&lt;br /&gt;
Noble y bélico adalid, caballero del honor.&lt;br /&gt;
¡Hala Madrid!, ¡Hala Madrid! &lt;br /&gt;
A triunfar en buena lid, defendiendo tu color&lt;br /&gt;
¡Hala Madrid!, ¡Hala Madrid!, ¡Hala Madrid!&lt;br /&gt;

== Stadju ==

== Benjamini u rivalità ==

F'partiti li jintlagħbu ġewwa darhoma, il-biċċa l-kbira tal-postijiet fil-grawnd ikunu okkupati mill-abbonati, li jammontaw għal madwar 68,670.&lt;ref name=&quot;Real Madrid Club de Fútbol&quot;&gt;{{ ċita web | titlu = Real Madrid Club de Fútbol  | url = http://www.lfp.es/Default.aspx?tabid=78&amp;IDParam=15| pubblikatur= Liga de Fútbol Profesional | data-aċċess = 2009-04-11 | lingwa=Spanjol}}&lt;/ref&gt; Biex issir abbonat trid issir ''socio'' jew membru tal-klabb. Mhux kull membru jista' jiskeb abbonament. Barra l-membri, il-klabb għandu iktar minn 1,800 ''peñas'' (gruppi ta' benjamini uffiċjali affiljati mal-klabb) fi Spanja u madwar id-dinja. Real Madrid għandu l-ogħla medja ta' attendenza ta' kull żmien fil-futbol Spanjol u jattira regularment aktar minn 65,000 partitarju fis-Santiago Bernabéu. 

=== Rivalità ma' Barcelona ===
{{artiklu prinċipali|El Clásico}}

Ir-rivalità ma' [[FC Barcelona]] hi waħda leġġendarja u tmur lura għat-tensjonijiet politiċi li kienu jinħassu bejn il-[[Kastilja (reġjun storiku)|Kastiljani]] u l-[[Katalunja|Katalani]].&lt;ref&gt; {{ċita web |titlu = The Politics Of Real Madrid Football Club |url = http://www.madrid-tourist-guide.com/en/football/real-madrid-fc.html| pubblikatur = Madrid-tourist-guide.com |data-aċċess=2009-04-11 |lingwa=Ingliż }}&lt;/ref&gt; Il-belt kapitali Madrid hi s-siġġu tal-gvern u tal-familja rjali. Speċjalment matul l-era ta' [[Francisco Franco]], din bdiet tirrapreżenta l-forzi ċentrali ta' fehma konservattiva. Min-naħa l-oħra, kważi kull idea li biddlu l-istorja moderna ta' Spanja – ir-[[repubblikaniżmu]], il-[[federaliżmu]], l-[[anarkiżmu]], is-[[sindikaliżmu]] u l-[[komuniżmu]] – ġiet introdotta fi Spanja mill-Katalunja, partikularment f'Barċellona. Il-moda, f'dak li għandu x'jaqsam ma' ħwejjeġ, filosofija tal-arti, kienet tidħol l-ewwel minn Barċellona qabel ma kienet tiġi aċċettata mill-kumplament ta' Spanja.&lt;ref name=&quot;Barca vs. Real&quot;&gt;{{ċita web |titlu = Barcelona vs. Real Madrid: More than a game |url= http://www.time.com/time/arts/article/0,8599,1697027,00.html |pubblikatur=Time.com |data-aċċess= 2009-04-11 |lingwa=Ingliż }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Matul is-snin ħamsin, ir-rivalità ġiet aktar intensea meta l-klabbs waqgħu f'disputa fuq il-firma tal-plejer [[Alfredo di Stéfano]], li finalment ingħaqad ma' Real Madrid u mas-snin kellu jkun figura importanti fis-suċċess miksub mill-klabb.&lt;ref&gt;Jimmy Burns: ''Barca, a people's passion'', Bloomsbury Publishing, London 1999, pġ 31-34&lt;/ref&gt; Is-snin sittin raw ir-rivalità tilħaq il-kamp [[UEFA|Ewropew]] meta ltaqgħu darbtejn fit-[[Tazza taċ-Ċampjins]], b'Real Madrid jirbħu fl-1960 u Barça fl-1961. Fis-sena 2000, ir-rivalità reġgħet tkebbset wara d-deċiżjoni kontroversajli ta' [[Luís Figo]] li jħalli lil Barça biex jingħaqad ma' Real Madrid.&lt;ref&gt;{{ċita web |titlu = Figo's the Real deal |url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/europe/848836.stm |pubblikatur= BBC Sport|data= 2000-07-24| data-aċċess= 2009-04-11 |lingwa=Ingliż }}&lt;/ref&gt; Iż-żewġ timijiet reġgħu ltaqgħu fis-semifinali tal-UEFA Champions League 2002. Real Madrid, iċ-ċampjins eventwali tal-kompetizzjoni, rebħu l-konfront li kien imlaqqam mill-istampa Spanjola bħala l-Partita tas-Seklu. Bħala l-ikbar u l-aqwa żewġ klabbs fi Spanja, ir-rivalità tiġġedded kull sena meta ħafna drabi huma jkunu t-timijiet li jisfidaw lil xulxin għar-rebħ tal-kampjonat.

=== Rivalità ma' Atlético Madrid ===
{{artiklu prinċipali|El Derbi madrileño}}

Real Madrid għandu rivalità storika lokali ma' [[Atlético Madrid]]. Minkejja li Atlético kienu oriġinarjament fundati minn tliet studenti [[Euskal Herria|Baski]] fl-1903, magħhom issieħbu fl-1904 membri ta' ''Madrid FC''. Aktar tensjonijiet inħolqu minħabba l-fatt li għall-bidu l-partitarji ta' Atlético kienu ġejjin mill-[[klassi tal-ħaddiema]], waqt li dawk li jsostnu lil Real Madrid kienu jappartjenu għall-[[klassi medja]]. Illum il-ġurnata dawn id-diverġenzi ftit li xejn għadhom jeżistu.

Huma ltaqgħu għall-ewwel darba fil-21 ta' Frar 1929 fit-tielet ġurnata tal-ewwel edizzjoni tal-[[Kampjonat tal-futbol Spanjol 1929|kampjonat]] fl-istadju [[Estadio Chamartín|Chamartín]]. Ir-rivalità kisbet l-ewwel attenzjonii internazzjonali fl-1959 matul it-[[Tazza taċ-Ċampjins 1958-59|Tazza taċ-Ċampjins]] meta ż-żewġ timijiet affrontaw lil xulxin fis-semifinali. Fl-ewwel leg fil-Bernabéu, Real rebħu 2–1, waqt li fit-tieni leg fil-''Metropolitano'', Atlético ħarġu 1–0 rebbieħa. Il-partita kellha terġa' tintlagħab, b'Real jirbħu 2–1. Madanakollu, Atlético għamlet xi vendetti meta iggwidati mill-eks-kowċ ta' Real [[José Villalonga Llorente|José Villalonga]], huma rebħu żewġ finali konsekuttivi tal-[[Tazza tar-Re|''Copa del Generalísimo'']] fl-1960 u fl-1961.
&lt;ref&gt;Real rebħu l-El Derbi madrileño għal 75 darba.&lt;/ref&gt; 

Bejn l-1961 u l-1989, meta Real iddominaw il-La Liga, kienu Atlético bissu l-uniku sfida serja, hekk kif rebħu t-titli tal-La Liga fl-1966, fl-1970, fl-1973 u fl-1977. Fl-1965, Atlético sar l-ewwel tim li għeleb lil Real fil-Bernabéu fi tmien snin. Il-bilanċ tal-aħħar sfidi kontra Atlético hu aktar favorevoli għal Real. L-ogħla punt tad-dominju tal-''merengues'' wasal fl-[[Kampjonat tal-futbol Spanjol 2002-03|istaġun 2002–03]] meta permezz ta' rebħa ta' 4–0 fuq Atlético ġewwa l-[[Stadju Vicente Calderón|Vicente Calderón]], il-klabb kiseb it-titlu tal-kampjonat.&lt;ref&gt;{{ċita web
|titlu = The derby turns 78 | url = http://www.realmadrid.com/cs/Satellite/en/1202730679362/noticia/Noticia/The_derby_turns_78.htm | pubblikatur=Real Madrid CF | data = 2007-02-22 | data-aċċess= 2009-04-11 |lingwa=Ingliż }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Rekords u statistika ==
{{artiklu prinċipali|Statistika ta' Real Madrid CF}}
[[Stampa:Raul Gonzalez 10mar2007.jpg|thumb|200px|[[Raúl González|Raúl]] hu l-aqwa skorer ta' kull żmien ta' Real Madrid.]]

Il-plejer [[Manuel Sanchís Hontiyuelo]] iżomm ir-rekord tal-aktar preżenti mal-ewwel tim ta' Real Madrid, b'total ta' 712-il dehra bejn l-1983 u l-2001.&lt;ref&gt; {{ċita web |titlu = Legends — Manolo Sanchís Hontiyuela | url = http://www.realmadrid.com/cs/Satellite/en/1193041516860/1202817389172/jugador/JugadorLegendario/Sanchis.htm | pubblikatur= Real Madrid CF | data-aċċess= 2009-05-10 |lingwa = Ingliż}} &lt;/ref&gt; L-attakkant [[Raúl González|Raúl]] isegwi wara b'700 apparenza. Ir-rekord għal gowler hu f'idejn [[Iker Casillas]], li jinsab fi kwota 400 apparenza. B'127 dehra internazzjonali (47 waqt li kien għadu mal-klabb), [[Luís Figo]] tal-Portugall iżomm ir-rekord tal-aktar plejer ta' Real li lagħab mat-tim nazzjonali.&lt;ref&gt; {{ċita web
|titlu = FIFA Century Club | url = http://www.fifa.com/mm/document/fifafacts/centclub/centuryclub%5f56649.pdf |format= PDF| pubblikatur= FIFA | data-aċċess= 2009-05-10 |lingwa = Ingliż}} &lt;/ref&gt;

Raúl hu l-aqwa skorer ta' kull żmien għal Real, bi 316-il gowl f'700 partita (1994–preżent).[3] Erba' plejers irnexxielhom jaslu sat-tragward ta' 200 gowl għal Real: [[Alfredo di Stéfano]] (1953–64), [[Carlos Santillana]] (1971–88), [[Ferenc Puskás]] (1958–66) u [[Hugo Sánchez]] (1985–92).

== Skwadra attwali u staff ==

=== L-ewwel tim ===

&lt;small&gt;''Mis-26 ta' Awwissu 2015''&lt;/small&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Squad&quot;&gt;{{ċita web| titlu = Squad | url = http://www.realmadrid.com/cs/Satellite/en/First_Team/1193041476158/Plantilla/Squad.htm | pubblikatur = Real Madrid CF | data-aċċess =2015-08-26 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

{{Plejers fit-tim tal-futbol/bidu}}
{{Plejers fit-tim tal-futbol|n= 1|poż=G|naz=CRC|isem=[[Keylor Navas]]}}
{{Plejers fit-tim tal-futbol|n= 2|poż=D|naz=FRA|isem=[[Raphaël Varane]]}}
{{Plejers fit-tim tal-futbol|n= 3|poż=D|naz=POR|isem=[[Pepe (futboler twieled fl-1983)|Pepe]]|other=oħrajn=[[Kaptan (futbol)|it-3&lt;sup&gt;et&lt;/sup&gt; kaptan]]}}
{{Plejers fit-tim tal-futbol|n= 4|poż=D|naz=ESP|isem=[[Sergio Ramos]]|oħrajn=[[Kaptan (futbol)|kaptan]]}}
{{Plejers fit-tim tal-futbol|n= 6|poż=D|naz=ESP|isem=[[Nacho (futboler twieled fl-1990)|Nacho]]}}
{{Plejers fit-tim tal-futbol|n= 7|poż=A|naz=POR|isem=[[Cristiano Ronaldo]]}}
{{Plejers fit-tim tal-futbol|n= 8|poż=M|naz=GER|isem=[[Toni Kroos]]}}
{{Plejers fit-tim tal-futbol|n= 9|poż=A|naz=FRA|isem=[[Karim Benzema]]}}
{{Plejers fit-tim tal-futbol|n=10|poż=M|naz=COL|isem=[[James Rodríguez]]}}
{{Plejers fit-tim tal-futbol|n=11|poż=M|naz=WAL|isem=[[Gareth Bale]]}}
{{Plejers fit-tim tal-futbol|n=12|poż=D|naz=BRA|isem=[[Marcelo Vieira|Marcelo]]|oħrajn=[[Kaptan (futbol)|viċi-kaptan]]}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Squad&quot; /&gt;
{{Plejers fit-tim tal-futbol|n=13|poż=G|naz=ESP|isem=[[Kiko Casilla]]}}
{{Plejers fit-tim tal-futbol/nofs}}
{{Plejers fit-tim tal-futbol|n=14|poż=M|naz=BRA|isem=[[Casemiro]]}}
{{Plejers fit-tim tal-futbol|n=15|poż=D|naz=ESP|isem=[[Dani Carvajal]]}}
{{Plejers fit-tim tal-futbol|n=16|poż=M|naz=CRO|isem=[[Mateo Kovačić]]}}
{{Plejers fit-tim tal-futbol|n=17|poż=D|naz=ESP|isem=[[Álvaro Arbeloa]]}}
{{Plejers fit-tim tal-futbol|n=18|poż=M|naz=ESP|isem=[[Lucas Vázquez]]}}
{{Plejers fit-tim tal-futbol|n=19|poż=M|naz=CRO|isem=[[Luka Modrić]]}}
{{Plejers fit-tim tal-futbol|n=20|poż=A|naz=ESP|isem=[[Jesé]]}}
{{Plejers fit-tim tal-futbol|n=21|poż=M|naz=RUS|isem=[[Denis Cheryshev]]}}
{{Plejers fit-tim tal-futbol|n=22|poż=M|naz=ESP|isem=[[Isco]]}}
{{Plejers fit-tim tal-futbol|n=23|poż=D|naz=BRA|isem=[[Danilo (futboler twieled fl-1991)|Danilo]]}}
{{Plejers fit-tim tal-futbol|n=31|poż=G|naz=ESP|isem=[[Rubén Yáñez]]}}
{{Plejers fit-tim tal-futbol/tmiem}}

=== Plejers barra b'self ===
{{Plejers fit-tim tal-futbol/bidu}}
{{Plejers fit-tim tal-futbol|n= —|naz=ESP|poż=D|isem=[[Mario Hermoso]]|oħrajn=ma' [[Real Valladolid|Valladolid]] sat-30 ta' Ġunju 2016}}
{{Plejers fit-tim tal-futbol|n= —|naz=ESP|poż=D|isem=[[Diego Llorente]]|oħrajn=ma' [[Rayo Vallecano]] sat-30 ta' Ġunju 2016}}
{{Plejers fit-tim tal-futbol|n= —|naz=ESP|poż=D|isem=[[Jesús Vallejo]]|oħrajn=ma' [[Real Zaragoza|Zaragoza]] sat-30 ta' Ġunju 2016}}
{{Plejers fit-tim tal-futbol|n= —|naz=POR|poż=D|isem=[[Fábio Coentrão]]|oħrajn=ma' [[AS Monaco FC|Monaco]] sat-30 ta' Ġunju 2016}}
{{Plejers fit-tim tal-futbol|n= —|naz=ESP|poż=M|isem=[[Marco Asensio]]|oħrajn=ma' [[RCD Espanyol|Espanyol]] sat-30 ta' Ġunju 2016}}
{{Plejers fit-tim tal-futbol/nofs}}
{{Plejers fit-tim tal-futbol|n= —|naz=ESP|poż=M|isem=[[Álvaro Medrán]]|oħrajn=ma' [[Getafe CF|Getafe]] sat-30 ta' Ġunju 2016}}
{{Plejers fit-tim tal-futbol|n= —|naz=ESP|poż=M|isem=[[Omar Mascarell]]|oħrajn=ma' [[Sporting de Gijón|Sporting Gijón]] sat-30 ta' Ġunju 2016}}
{{Plejers fit-tim tal-futbol|n= —|naz=ESP|poż=M|isem=[[Burgui]]|oħrajn=ma' [[RCD Espanyol|Espanyol]] sat-30 ta' Ġunju 2016}}
{{Plejers fit-tim tal-futbol|n= —|naz=BRA|poż=M|isem=[[Lucas Silva (futboler twieled fl-1993)|Lucas Silva]]|oħrajn=ma' [[Olympique de Marseille|Marseille]] sat-30 ta' Ġunju 2016}}
{{Plejers fit-tim tal-futbol|n= —|naz=ESP|poż=A|isem=[[Raúl de Tomás]]|oħrajn=ma' [[Córdoba CF|Córdoba]] sat-30 ta' Ġunju 2016}}
{{Plejers fit-tim tal-futbol/tmiem}}

== Staff ==

=== Bord tad-diretturi ===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
!Isem
!Rwol
|-
|[[Florentino Pérez]]
|President
|-
|Eduardo Fernández de Blas
|Viċi-President
|-
|Enrique Sánchez González
|Segretarju
|-
|[[Jorge Valdano]]
|Direttur Ġenerali u Għajnuna Presidenzjali
|-
|[[Manuel Redondo]]
|Direttur Ġenerali tal-Uffiċċju tal-President
|-
|[[Miguel Pardeza]]
|Direttur Sportiv
|}

== Plejers ==

=== Kaptani ===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; cellpadding=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;
|-
!Perjodu
!Isem
!Preżenzi
!Gowls
|-
|{{flagicon|Spanja}} [[Miguel Muñoz]]
|1948–1958
| align=&quot;center&quot;|347
| align=&quot;center&quot;|23
|-
|{{flagicon|Spanja}} [[José María Zárraga]]
|1958–1961
| align=&quot;center&quot;|306
| align=&quot;center&quot;|96
|-
|{{flagicon|Spanja}} [[Francisco Gento]]
|1961–1971
| align=&quot;center&quot;|605
| align=&quot;center&quot;|183
|-
|{{flagicon|Spanja}} [[Amancio Amaro|Amancio]]
|1971–1976
| align=&quot;center&quot;|471
| align=&quot;center&quot;|155
|-
|{{flagicon|Spanja}} [[Pirri]]
|1976–1979
| align=&quot;center&quot;|595
| align=&quot;center&quot;|210
|-
|{{flagicon|Spanja}} [[Carlos Santillana]]
|1979–1988
| align=&quot;center&quot;|643
| align=&quot;center&quot;|290
|-
|{{flagicon|Spanja}} [[Manuel Sanchís Hontiyuelo|Manuel Sanchís]]
|1988–2001
| align=&quot;center&quot;|710
| align=&quot;center&quot;|49
|-
|{{flagicon|Spanja}} [[Fernando Hierro]]
|2001–2003
| align=&quot;center&quot;|598
| align=&quot;center&quot;|126
|-
|{{flagicon|Spanja}} [[Raúl González]]
|2003–preżent
| align=&quot;center&quot;|687
| align=&quot;center&quot;|311
|}

=== Rekords tal-plejers ===

==== L-aktar apparenzi ====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; cellpadding=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;
|-
!#
!Isem
!Karriera
!Apparenzi
!Gowls
|-
|1
|align=&quot;left&quot;|{{flagicon|Spanja}} [[Manuel Sanchís Hontiyuelo|Manuel Sanchís]]
|1983–2001
|712
|49
|-
|2
|align=&quot;left&quot;|{{flagicon|Spanja}} [[Raúl González]]
|1994–preżent
|696
|316
|-
|3
|align=&quot;left&quot;|{{flagicon|Spanja}} [[Carlos Alonso González|Carlos Santillana]]
|1971–1988
|643
|9
|-
|4
|align=&quot;left&quot;|{{flagicon|Spanja}} [[Francisco Gento]]
|1953–1971
|605
|183
|-
|5
|align=&quot;left&quot;|{{flagicon|Spanja}} [[Fernando Hierro]]
|1989–2003
|598
|126
|-
|6
|align=&quot;left&quot;|{{flagicon|Spanja}} [[José Antonio Camacho|José Camacho]]
|1973–1989
|577
|11
|-
|7
|align=&quot;left&quot;|{{flagicon|Spanja}} [[José Martínez Sánchez|Pirri]]
|1964–1979
|561
|171
|-
|8
|align=&quot;left&quot;|{{flagicon|Spanja}} [[José Miguel González Martín del Campo|Míchel]]
|1981–1996
|560
|130
|-
|9
|align=&quot;left&quot;|{{flagicon|Brażil}} [[Roberto Carlos]]
|1996–2007
|527
|
|-
|10
|align=&quot;left&quot;|{{flagicon|Spanja}} '''[[José María Gutiérrez|Guti]]'''
|1996–preżent
|508
|
|}

==== L-aktar gowls ====

== Presidenti ==

:''Sas-17 ta' Jannar 2009.''&lt;ref&gt;{{ċita web |titlu = Presidents | url = http://www.realmadrid.com/cs/Satellite/en/Club/1193041516821/Presidentes/Presidents.htm | pubblikatur= Real Madrid CF | data-aċċess= 2009-04-12 |lingwa=Ingliż }}&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left&quot;
|-
!rowspan=&quot;1&quot;|Isem
!rowspan=&quot;1&quot;|Minn
!rowspan=&quot;1&quot;|Sa
|-
|-
|-
|{{flagicon|ESP|1785}} [[Julián Palacios]]
|align=left|1900
|align=left|6 ta' Marzu 1902
|-
|{{flagicon|ESP|1785}} [[Juan Padrós]]
|align=left|6 ta' Marzu 1902
|align=left|Jannar 1904
|-
|{{flagicon|ESP|1785}} [[Carlos Padrós]]
|align=left|Jannar 1904
|align=left|1908
|-
|{{flagicon|ESP|1785}} [[Adolfo Meléndez]]
|align=left|1908
|align=left|Lulju 1916
|-
|{{flagicon|ESP|1785}} [[Pedro Parages]]
|align=left|Lulju 1916
|align=left|16 ta' Mejju 1926
|-
|{{flagicon|ESP|1785}} [[Luis de Urquijo]]
|align=left|16 ta' Mejju 1926
|align=left|1930
|-
|{{flagicon|ESP|1931}} [[Luis Usera Bugallal|Luis Usera]]
|align=left|1930
|align=left|31 ta' Mejju 1935
|-
|{{flagicon|ESP|1931}} [[Rafael Sánchez Guerra]]
|align=left|31 ta' Mejju 1935
|align=left|4 ta' Awwissu 1936
|-
|{{flagicon|ESP|1931}} [[Adolfo Meléndez]]
|align=left|4 ta' Awwissu 1936
|align=left|1940
|-
|{{flagicon|ESP|1938}} [[Antonio Santos Peralba]]
|align=left|1940
|align=left|11 ta' Settembru 1943
|-
|{{flagicon|ESP|1939}} [[Santiago Bernabéu Yeste]]
|align=left|11 ta' Settembru 1943
|align=left|2 ta' Ġunju 1978
|-
|{{flagicon|ESP}} [[Luis de Carlos]]
|align=left|Settembru 1978
|align=left|24 ta' Mejju 1985
|-
|{{flagicon|ESP}} [[Ramón Mendoza]]
|align=left|24 ta' Mejju 1985
|align=left|26 ta' Novembru 1995
|-
|{{flagicon|ESP}} [[Lorenzo Sanz]]
|align=left|26 ta' Novembru 1995
|align=left|16 ta' Lulju 2000
|-
|{{flagicon|ESP}} [[Florentino Pérez]]
|align=left|16 ta' Lulju 2000
|align=left|27 ta' Frar 2006
|-
|{{flagicon|ESP}} [[Fernando Martín Álvarez]]
|align=left|27 ta' Frar 2006
|align=left|26 ta' April 2006
|-
|{{flagicon|ESP}} [[Ramón Calderón]]
|align=left|2 ta' Lulju 2006
|align=left|16 ta' Jannar 2009
|-
|{{flagicon|ESP}} [[Vicente Boluda]]
|align=left|16 ta' Jannar 2009
|align=left|5 ta' Lulju 2009
|-
|{{flagicon|ESP}} [[Florentino Pérez]]
|align=left|16 ta' Ġunju 2009
|align=left|
|-
|}

== Kowċis ==

{{għal|l lista ta' kowċis ta' Real Madrid|Lista ta' kowċis ta' Real Madrid}}
Matul l-istorja ta' Real Madrid kien hemm 41 kowċ minn mindu ġie maħtur l-ewwel kowċ professjonista, Arthur Johnson lura fl-1910. L-aktar kowċ li serva fuq bażi ta' żmien u partiti hu [[Miguel Muñoz]] (1960–1974) b'604 partiti. L-Arġentin [[Luis Carniglia]] hu l-aktar kowċ ta' suċċess fuq bażi ta' persentaġġ ta' rebħiet b'69.81%, waqt li [[Jacinto Quincoces]] hu l-inqas wieħed li kiseb suċċess mal-klabb b'37.21% tal-partiti jkunu biss rebħiet.

:''Huma biss il-kowċ li rebħu tal-anqas trofew li huma elenkati hawn taħt.''&lt;ref name=&quot;Kowċis&quot;&gt;{{ċita web
| titlu = Coaches | url =http://www.realmadrid.com/cs/Satellite/en/Club/1193041516841/Entrenadores/Coaches.htm | pubblikatur= Real Madrid CF | data-aċċess=2009-05-08 | lingwa=Ingliż}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ċita web | titlu = Aquí están todos los entrenadores del Real Madrid. | url = http://www.historialago.com/rm_016_entrenadores.htm | pubblikatur= Historialago.com | data-aċċess=2009-05-08 | lingwa=Spanjol}}&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |Isem
!rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |Perjodu
!colspan=&quot;8&quot; |Trofej
!rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |Total
|-
!colspan=&quot;4&quot; |Domestiċi
!colspan=&quot;4&quot; |Internazzjonali
|-
! width=33|[[La Liga|LC]]
! width=33|[[Copa del Rey|SC]]
! width=33|[[Supercopa de España|SS]]
! width=33|[[Copa de la Liga|LC]]
! width=33|[[UEFA Champions League|CL]]
! width=33|[[Tazza UEFA|UC]]
! width=33|[[Supertazza Ewropea|USC]]
! width=33|[[Tazza Interkontinentali (futbol)|IC]]
|-
|{{flagicon|Ingilterra}} [[Arthur Johnson]]
|1910–20
|&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;5||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;5
|-
|{{flagicon|Ungerija|1940}} [[Lippo Hertzka]]
|1930–32
|&lt;center&gt;1||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;1
|-
|{{flagicon|Ingilterra}} [[Robert Firth]]
|1932–34
|&lt;center&gt;1||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;1
|-
|{{flagicon|Spanja|1931}} [[Francisco Bru]]
|1934–41
|&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;1||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;1
|-
|{{flagicon|Spanja|1939}} [[Jacinto Quincoces]]
|1945–46, 1947–48
|&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;1||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;1
|-
|{{flagicon|Spanja|1939}} [[Baltasar Albéniz]]
|1946–47, 1950–51
|&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;1||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;1
|-
|{{flagicon|Urugwaj}} [[Enrique Fernández Viola|Enrique Fernández]]
|1953–54
|&lt;center&gt;1||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;1
|-
|{{flagicon|Spanja|1939}} [[José Villalonga Llorente|José Villalonga]]
|1954–57
|&lt;center&gt;2||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;2||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;4
|-
|{{flagicon|Arġentina}} [[Luis Carniglia]]
|1957–59, 1959
|&lt;center&gt;1||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;2||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;3
|-
|{{flagicon|Spanja|1939}} [[Miguel Muñoz]]
|1959, 1960–74
|&lt;center&gt;9||&lt;center&gt;2||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;2||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;1||&lt;center&gt;14
|-
|{{flagicon|Jugożlavja}} [[Miljan Miljanić]]
|1974–77
|&lt;center&gt;2||&lt;center&gt;1||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;3
|-
|{{flagicon|Jugożlavja}} [[Vujadin Boškov]]
|1979–82
|&lt;center&gt;1||&lt;center&gt;1||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;2
|-
|{{flagicon|Spanja}} [[Luis Molowny]]
|1974, 1977–79, 1982, 1985–86
|&lt;center&gt;3||&lt;center&gt;3||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;1||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;2||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;9
|-
|{{flagicon|Olanda}} [[Leo Beenhakker]]
|1986–89, 1992
|&lt;center&gt;3||&lt;center&gt;1||&lt;center&gt;1||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;5
|-
|{{flagicon|Wales}} [[John Toshack]]
|1989–90, 1999
|&lt;center&gt;1||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;1||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;2
|-
|{{flagicon|Arġentina}} [[Alfredo di Stéfano]]
|1990–91
|&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;1||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;1
|-
|{{flagicon|Jugożlavja}} [[Radomir Antić]]
|1991–92
|&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;1||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;1
|- 
|{{flagicon|Spanja}} [[Benito Floro Sanz]]
|1992–94
|&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;1||&lt;center&gt;1||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;2
|-
|{{flagicon|Arġentina}} [[Jorge Valdano]]
|1994–96
|&lt;center&gt;1||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;1
|-
|{{flagicon|Ġermanja}} [[Jupp Heynckes]]
|1997–98
|&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;1||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;1||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;2
|-
|{{flagicon|Olanda}} [[Guus Hiddink]]
|1998–99
|&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;1||&lt;center&gt;1
|-
|{{flagicon|Spanja}} [[Vicente del Bosque]]
|1999-2003
|&lt;center&gt;2||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;1||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;2||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;1||&lt;center&gt;1||&lt;center&gt;7
|-
|{{flagicon|Portugall}} [[Carlos Queiroz]]
|2003–04
|&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;1||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;1
|-
|{{flagicon|Italja}} [[Fabio Capello]]
|1996-97, 2006–07
|&lt;center&gt;2||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;2
|-
|{{flagicon|Ġermanja}} [[Bernd Schuster]]
|2007–08
|&lt;center&gt;1||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;1||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;||&lt;center&gt;2
|-
|}

== Unuri ==

=== Kompetizzjonijiet domestiċi ===

* '''[[La Liga]]: 31'''
:1931–32, 1932–33, 1953–54, 1954–55, 1956–57, 1957–58, 1960–61, 1961–62, 1962–63, 1963–64, 1964–65, 1966–67, 1967–68, 1968–69, 1971–72, 1974–75, 1975–76, 1977–78, 1978–79, 1979–80, 1985–86, 1986–87, 1987–88, 1988–89, 1989–90, 1994–95, 1996–97, 2000–01, 2002–03, 2006–07, 2007–08
     
* '''[[Tazza tar-Re]]: 17''' 
:1904–05, 1905–06, 1906–07, 1907–08, 1916–17, 1933–34, 1935–36, 1945–46, 1946–47, 1961–62, 1969–70, 1973–74, 1974–75, 1979–80, 1981–82, 1988–89, 1992–93

* '''[[Supertazza ta' Spanja]]: 8'''
:1988, 1989, 1990, 1993, 1997, 2001, 2003, 2008

* '''[[Copa de la Liga]]: 1'''
:1984–85

=== Kompetizzjonijiet internazzjonali ===

* '''[[UEFA Champions League|Tazza taċ-Ċampjins/UEFA Champions League]]: 9''' 
:1955–56, 1956–57, 1957–58, 1958–59, 1959–60, 1965–66, 1997–98, 1999–2000, 2001–02

* '''[[Tazza Interkontinentali (futbol)|Tazza Interkontinentali]]: 3'''
:1960, 1998, 2002

* '''[[Tazza UEFA]]: 2'''
:1984–85, 1985–86

* '''[[Supertazza Ewropea]]: 1'''
:2002

== Referenzi ==
{{referenzi}}

== Ħoloq esterni ==
{{Commonscat}}
* {{lingwi|ar|es|en|ja|id}} {{sit uffiċjali}}
* [https://www.laliga.com/en-GB/clubs/real-madrid Real Madrid CF] fuq is-sit tal-La Liga

[[Kategorija:Real Madrid CF| ]]
[[Kategorija:Klabbs tal-futbol Spanjoli]]
[[Kategorija:Klabbs tal-futbol stabbiliti fl-1902]]</text>
      <sha1>fe4v9zhz6jcn1l8hy3h2n0305no3r8n</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Lussemburgu</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>8309</id>
    <revision>
      <id>279759</id>
      <parentid>266533</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-25T19:33:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Chrisportelli</username>
        <id>355</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>tiswija tar-referenzi</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6344" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox Pajjiż
|isem_twil_konvenzjonali     = Gran Dukat tal-Lussemburgu
|isem_nattiv                 =&lt;small&gt; ''Grand-Duché de Luxembourg'' {{nobold|([[Lingwa Franċiża|Franċiż]])}}&lt;/small&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;''Großherzogtum Luxemburg '' {{nobold|([[Lingwa Ġermaniża|Ġermaniż]])}}&lt;/small&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;''Groussherzogtum Lëtzebuerg'' {{nobold|([[Lingwa Lussemburgiża|Lussemburgiż]])}}&lt;/small&gt;
|isem_komuni                 = Lussemburgu
|stampa_bandiera             = Flag of Luxembourg.svg
|stampa_emblema              =
|stampa_mappa                = EU-Luxembourg.svg
|deskrizzjoni_mappa          = 
|ħolqa_bandiera              = Bandiera tal-Lussemburgu
|ħolqa_emblema               = Emblema tal-Lussemburgu
|ħolqa_demografija           = Demografija tal-Lussemburgu
|mottu_nazzjonali            = &quot;Mir wëlle bleiwe wat mir sinn&quot; &lt;small&gt;([[Lingwa Lussemburgiża|Lussemburgiż]])&lt;/small&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Aħna rridu li nibqgħu dak li aħna&lt;/small&gt;
|innu_nazzjonali             = ''[[Ons Heemecht]]''&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Patrija tagħna&lt;/small&gt;
|lingwi_uffiċjali            = [[Lingwa Franċiża|Franċiż]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Lingwa Ġermaniża|Ġermaniż]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Lingwa Lussemburgiża|Lussemburgiż]]
|gruppi_etniċi               = 
|kapitali                    = [[Lussemburgu (belt)|Lussemburgu]]
|latd=49 |latm=36 |latNS=N |lonġd=6 |lonġm=7 |lonġEW=E
|l-ikbar_belt                = [[Lussemburgu (belt)|Lussemburgu]]
|tip_gvern                   = [[Monarkija kostituzzjonali]] [[Stat unitarja|unitarja]] [[Sistema parlamentari|parlamentari]]
|titlu_kap1                  = [[Gran Dukat tal-Lussemburgu|Gran Dukat]]
|titlu_kap2                  = [[Prim Ministru tal-Lussemburgu|Prim Ministru]]
|isem_kap1                   = [[Henri (Gran Dukat tal-Lussemburgu)|Henri]]
|isem_kap2                   = [[Xavier Bettel]]
|data_sħubija_UE             = 25 ta' Marzu 1957
|żona_kklassifika            = 179
|poż_erja                    = 179 &lt;!--pożizzjoni bbażata fuq l-istati sovrani biss--&gt;
|erja_km2                    = 2,586.4
|erja_mi_kw                  = 998.6
|perċentwal_ilma             = 0.60%
|sena_stima_popolazzjoni     = 2013
|stima_popolazzjoni          = 594,130&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/lu.html], CIA World Factbook, 7/2017. Aċċess 1/2018.&lt;/ref&gt;
|poż_stima_popolazzjoni      = 171 &lt;!--pożizzjoni bbażata fuq l-istati sovrani biss--&gt;
|ċensiment_popolazzjoni      = 439,539
|densità_popolazzjoni_km2    = 194.1
|densità_popolazzjoni_mi_kw  = 501.3
|poż_densità_popolazzjoni    = 67 &lt;!--pożizzjoni bbażata fuq l-istati sovrani biss--&gt;
|sena_PGD_PSX                = 2012
|PGD_PSX                     = $42.225 biljun&lt;ref name=&quot;imf2&quot;&gt;{{ċita web |url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2013/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=47&amp;pr.y=10&amp;sy=2009&amp;ey=2012&amp;scsm=1&amp;ssd=1&amp;sort=country&amp;ds=.&amp;br=1&amp;c=137&amp;s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC%2CLP&amp;grp=0&amp;a= |titlu=Lussemburgu |pubblikatur=Fond Monetarju Internazzjonali |data-aċċess=2012-04-22}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|poż_PGD_PSX                 = 94
|PGD_PSX_per_capita          = $79,785&lt;ref name=imf2/&gt;
|poż_PGD_PSX_per_capita      = 1
|sena_IŻU                    = 2013
|IŻU                         = {{profitt}} 0.875&lt;ref name=&quot;HDI&quot;&gt;{{ċita web |url=http://hdr.undp.org/en/media/HDR_2013_EN_Table1.pdf |titlu=Human Development Report 2013 |sena=2013 |pubblikatur=Nazzjonijiet Uniti |data-aċċess=2013-03-14}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|poż_IŻU                     = 26
|kategorija_IŻU              = &lt;span style=&quot;color:#090;&quot;&gt;għoli ħafna&lt;/span&gt;
|tip_sovranità               = [[Indipendenza]]
|avveniment_stabbilit1       = mill-[[L-Ewwel Imperu Franċiż|Imperu Franċiż]]&lt;br /&gt;([[Trattat ta' Pariġi (1815)|Trattat ta' Pariġi]])
|data_stabbilit1             = 9 ta' Ġunju 1815
|avveniment_stabbilit2       = [[Trattat ta' Londra (1839)|1&lt;sup&gt;el&lt;/sup&gt; Trattat ta' Londra]]
|data_stabbilit2             = 19 ta' April 1839
|avveniment_stabbilit3       = [[Trattat ta' Londra (1867)|2&lt;sup&gt;ni&lt;/sup&gt; Trattat ta' Londra]]
|data_stabbilit3             = 11 ta' Mejju 1867
|avveniment_stabbilit4       = Tmiem tal-[[unjoni personali]]
|data_stabbilit4             = 23 ta' Novembru 1890
|valuta                      = [[Ewro]] ([[Simbolu tal-Ewro|€]])
|kodiċi_valuta               = EUR
|żona_ħin                    = [[Ħin Ewropew Ċentrali|CET]]
|differenza_ħku              = +1
|żona_ħin_legali             = [[Ħin Ewropew Ċentrali tas-Sajf|CEST]]
|differenza_żona_ħin_legali  = +2
|cctld                       = [[.lu]]
|kodiċi_telefoniku           = +352
|sena_PGD_nominali           = 2011
|PGD_nominali                = $56.738 biljun&lt;ref name=imf2/&gt;
|poż_PGD_nominali            = 69
|PGD_nominali_per_capita     = $107,206&lt;ref name=imf2/&gt;
|poż_PGD_nominali_per_capita = 1
|noti                        = 
}}

Il-'''Lussemburgu''', uffiċjalment ir-'''Gran Dukat tal-Lussemburgu''' ([[Lingwa Lussemburgiża|Lussemburgiż]]:''Groussherzogtum Lëtzebuerg'', [[Lingwa Franċiża|Franċiż]]:''Grand-Duché de Luxembourg'', [[Lingwa Ġermaniża|Ġermaniż]]:''Großherzogtum Luxemburg''), hu pajjiż imdawwar bl-art fl-[[Ewropa tal-Punent]] li imiss mal-[[Belġju]], [[Franza]], u l-[[Ġermanja]]. Il-pajjiż għandu żewġ reġjuni ewlenin: l-[[Oesling]] fit-tramuntana bħala parti mill-muntanji tal-[[Ardennes]], u [[Gutland (Lussemburgu)|Gutland]] (&quot;pajjiż tajjeb&quot;) fin-nofsinhar.&lt;ref&gt;{{ċita web |url=http://www.gouvernement.lu/publications/luxembourg/tout_savoir/Tout_savoir_EN_2010.pdf |titlu= Everything you need to know about the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg |lingwa=Ingliż}}&lt;/ref&gt; Il-Lussemburgu għandu popolazzjoni ta' 524,853 (minn Ottubru 2012)&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.statistiques.public.lu/en/news/population/population/2012/07/20120711/index.html &quot;The first results of the population census&quot;], ''Statistics Portal, Luxembourg''. Aċċess 12 ta' Lulju 2012.&lt;/ref&gt; b'erja ta' 2,586 kilometru kwadru (998 mi kw).&lt;ref name=&quot;europa1&quot;&gt;{{ċita web |url=http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/tgm/table.do?tab=table&amp;language=en&amp;pcode=tps00001&amp;tableSelection=1&amp;footnotes=yes&amp;labeling=labels&amp;plugin=1 |titlu=Eurostat – Tables, Graphs and Maps Interface (TGM) table |pubblikatur=Eurostat |data-aċċess=2010-02-21 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Referenzi ==
{{Referenzi}}

{{Ewropa}}

[[Kategorija:Lussemburgu]]
[[Kategorija:Pajjiżi stabbiliti fl-1890]]</text>
      <sha1>15r5azkk4a8ol13c99svk2flm1ov3yi</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Liechtenstein</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>8318</id>
    <revision>
      <id>279758</id>
      <parentid>266509</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-25T19:32:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Chrisportelli</username>
        <id>355</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>tiswija tar-referenzi</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6744" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox Pajjiż
|isem_twil_konvenzjonali     = Prinċipat tal-Liechtenstein
|isem_nattiv                 = ''Fürstentum Liechtenstein''
|isem_komuni                 = Liechtenstein
|stampa_bandiera             = Flag of Liechtenstein.svg
|stampa_emblema              = Staatswappen-Liechtensteins.svg
|stampa_mappa                = Location Liechtenstein Europe.png
|deskrizzjoni_mappa          = Lokazzjoni tal-[[Liechtenstein]] (aħdar)&lt;br /&gt;fl-[[Ewropa]] (griż skur)
|stampa_mappa2               = Lokazzjoni_Liechtenstein.png
|deskrizzjoni_mappa2         = Lokazzjoni tal-[[Liechtenstein]] (aħdar)&lt;br /&gt;bejn l-[[Żvizzera|Iżvizzera]] u l-[[Awstrija]] (griż)
|ħolqa_bandiera              = Bandiera tal-Liechtenstein
|ħolqa_emblema               = Emblema tal-Liechtenstein
|ħolqa_demografija           = Demografija tal-Liechtenstein
|mottu_nazzjonali            = &quot;Für Gott, Fürst und Vaterland&quot;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Għall-Alla, Prinċep u Patrija&lt;/small&gt;
|innu_nazzjonali             = ''[[Oben am jungen Rhein]]''
|lingwi_uffiċjali            = [[Lingwa Ġermaniża|Ġermaniż]]
|gruppi_etniċi               = 
|kapitali                    = [[Vaduz]]
|latd=47 |latm=08.5 |latNS=N |lonġd=9 |lonġm=31.4 |lonġEW=E
|l-ikbar_belt                = [[Schaan]]
|tip_gvern                   = [[Sistema parlamentari]] [[Stat unitarju|unitarja]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Monarkija assoluta|assoluta]] [[Monarkija kostituzzjonali|kostituzzjonali]] [[prinċipalità]]
|titlu_kap1                  = [[Prinċep tal-Liechtenstein|Prinċep]]
|titlu_kap2                  = [[Prinċep tal-Liechtenstein|Reġġent]]
|titlu_kap3                  = [[Lista ta' kapijiet tal-gvern tal-Liechtenstein|Prim Ministru]]
|isem_kap1                   = [[Hans-Adam II (Prinċep tal-Liechtenstein)|Hans-Adam II]]
|isem_kap2                   = [[Alois (Prinċep ereditarju tal-Liechtenstein)|Alois]]
|isem_kap3                   = [[Daniel Risch]]
|data_sħubija_UE             = 
|żona_kklassifika            = 219
|poż_erja                    = 219 &lt;!--pożizzjoni bbażata fuq l-istati sovrani biss--&gt;
|erja_km2                    = 160
|erja_mi_kw                  = 61
|perċentwal_ilma             = negliġibbli&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.llv.li/pdf-llv-as-jb_2011_1.1_geografie__raumnutzung_2011 Raum, Umwelt und Energie], Landesverwaltung Liechtenstein. 2 ta' Ottubru 2011.&lt;/ref&gt;
|sena_stima_popolazzjoni     = 2011
|stima_popolazzjoni          = 36,281&lt;ref name=&quot;Liechpop&quot;&gt;[http://www.llv.li/pdf-llv-as-bevoelkerungsstatistik_30.06.2011 Bevölkerungsstatistik 30. Juni 2011], Amt für Statistik, Landesverwaltung Liechtenstein. 1 ta' Lulju 2012.&lt;/ref&gt;
|poż_stima_popolazzjoni      = 209
|sena_ċensiment_popolazzjoni = 2000
|ċensiment_popolazzjoni      = 33,307&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.llv.li/pdf-llv-avw-statistik-bevoelkerungsstruktur_teil1-analyse Bevölkerungsstruktur – Band 1], Liechtensteinische Volkszählung 2000, Landesverwaltung Liechtenstein. 2 ta' Ottubru 2011.&lt;/ref&gt;
|densità_popolazzjoni_km2    = 227
|densità_popolazzjoni_mi_kw  = 587
|poż_densità_popolazzjoni    = 57 &lt;!--pożizzjoni bbażata fuq l-istati sovrani biss--&gt;
|sena_PGD_PSX                = 2010
|PGD_PSX                     = $5.155 biljun&lt;ref name=&quot;Liechfigures&quot;&gt;[http://www.llv.li/amtsstellen/llv-as-wichtige_zahlen_engl.htm Key Figures for Liechtenstein], Landesverwaltung Liechtenstein. 1 ta' Lulju 2012.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;wdi&quot;&gt;[http://data.worldbank.org/data-catalog World Development Indicators], Bank Dinji. 1 ta' Lulju 2012.&lt;/ref&gt;
|poż_PGD_PSX                 = 147
|PGD_PSX_per_capita          = $143,151&lt;ref name=&quot;Liechpop&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Liechfigures&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;wdi&quot;/&gt;
|poż_PGD_PSX_per_capita      = 2
|sena_IŻU                    = 2013
|IŻU                         = {{increase}} 0.883&lt;ref name=&quot;HDI&quot;&gt;{{ċita ktieb |editur=Nazzjonijiet Uniti |url=http://hdr.undp.org/en/media/HDR_2010_EN_Complete.pdf |titlu=Rapport tal-Iżvilupp Uman 2010 |sena=2010 |data-aċċess=2010-11-04 |arkivju-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20101108160356/http://hdr.undp.org/en/media/HDR_2010_EN_Complete.pdf |arkivju-data=2010-11-08}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|poż_IŻU                     = 24
|kategorija_IŻU              = &lt;span style=&quot;color:#090;&quot;&gt;għoli ħafna&lt;/span&gt;
|tip_sovranità               = [[Indipendenza]] bħala [[prinċipalità]]
|avveniment_stabbilit1       = [[Paċi ta' Pressburg (1805)|Trattat ta' Pressburg]]
|data_stabbilit1             = 1806
|avveniment_stabbilit2       = Indipendenza mill-&lt;br/&gt;[[Konfederazzjoni Ġermaniża]]
|data_stabbilit2             = 1866
|valuta                      = [[frank Żvizzeru]]
|kodiċi_valuta               = CHF
|żona_ħin                    = [[Ħin tal-Ewropa Ċentrali|CET]]
|differenza_ħku              = +1
|żona_ħin_legali             = [[Ħin tas-sajf tal-Ewropa Ċentrali|CEST]]
|differenza_żona_ħin_legali  = +2
|cctld                       = [[.li]]
|kodiċi_telefoniku           = +423
|sena_PGD_nominali           = 2012
|PGD_nominali                = $3.545 biljun&lt;ref name=&quot;Liechfigures&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;wdi&quot;/&gt;
|poż_PGD_nominali            = 163
|PGD_nominali_per_capita     = $98,432&lt;ref name=&quot;Liechpop&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Liechfigures&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;wdi&quot;/&gt;
|poż_PGD_nominali_per_capita = 2
|nota1                       = 
}}

'''Liechtenstein''', uffiċjalment il-'''Prinċipat ta' Liechtenstein''' ({{awdjo|en-us-Liechtenstein.ogg|ˈlɪktənstaɪn}}; [[Lingwa Ġermaniża|Ġermaniż]]:''Fürstentum Liechtenstein''), hu [[pajjiż interkjuż]] fl-[[Ewropa Ċentrali]],&lt;ref&gt;{{ċita ġurnal |doi=10.1007/BF00273120 |ġurnal=GeoJournal |volum=28 |titlu=IGU regional conference on environment and quality of life in central Europe|sena=1992 }}&lt;/ref&gt; imiss mal-[[Żvizzera|Iżvizzera]] lejn il-punent u n-nofsinhar u l-[[Awstrija]] lejn il-Lvant u t-Tramuntana. Iż-żona koperta minn dan il-pajjiż hija ta' ftit aktar minn 160 kilometru kwadru (62 mi kw), u għandu popolazzjoni stmata ta' 37,468 (2015). Il-belt kapitali hija [[Vaduz]] u l-akbar belt hija [[Schaan]].Liechtenstein għandu l-[[Lista ta' pajjiżi skont il-PGD (PSX) per capita|ogħla prodott gross domestiku għal kull persuna fid-dinja]] meta jiġi aġġustat bix-[[xiri tal-parità tas-saħħa]],&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2004rank.html CIA – The World Factbook – Country Comparison :: GDP – per capita (PPP)]. Cia.gov. 2011-12-24.&lt;/ref&gt; u għandu wkoll l-[[Lista ta' pajjiżi minn dejn estern|inqas dejn estern]] fid-dinja. Liechtenstein huwa wieħed mill-aktar pajjiżi li għandu [[Lista ta' pajjiżi skont ir-rata tal-qgħad|rata tal-qgħad]] baxxa fid-dinja, b'1.5%.

==Referenzi==
{{Referenzi}}

{{Ewropa}}

[[Kategorija:Liechtenstein]]
[[Kategorija:Pajjiżi interkjużi]]
[[Kategorija:Pajjiżi stabbiliti fl-1866]]</text>
      <sha1>n5p1l3bkg1rvrp2fcb49iem68n1px0f</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Amburgu</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>12594</id>
    <revision>
      <id>279742</id>
      <parentid>279686</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-25T15:19:00Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Trigcly</username>
        <id>17859</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="14953" xml:space="preserve">{{infobox city}}'''Amburgu''' (bil-[[Lingwa Ġermaniża|Ġermaniż]]: ''Hamburg'') hija t-tieni l-ikbar belt fil-[[Ġermanja]] (wara [[Berlin]]), u għandha l-akbar popolazzjoni fost il-bliet mhux [[Belt kapitali|kapitali]] fl-[[Unjoni Ewropea]]. Amburgu hija waħda mill-Istati Federali tal-Ġermanija.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070610050056/http://hh.juris.de/hh/gesamt/Verf_HA.htm#Verf_HA_rahmen|titlu=Ein Service von Hamburg und juris|data=2007-06-10|sit=web.archive.org|data-aċċess=2022-08-24}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Din il-belt għandha madwar 1.8 miljun ruħ, iżda dan l-għadd jitla' għal 4.3 miljun ruħ jekk wieħed iqis is-subborgi tagħha.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200603133151/http://citypopulation.de/en/germany/urbanareas/|titlu=Urban Areas (Germany): &amp; Urban Areas - Population Statistics, Charts and Map|data=2020-06-03|sit=web.archive.org|data-aċċess=2022-08-24}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://www.handelsblatt.com/politik/deutschland/ranking-2022-das-sind-die-zehn-groessten-staedte-deutschlands/24407466.html|titlu=Ranking 2022: Das sind die zehn größten Städte Deutschlands|sit=www.handelsblatt.com|lingwa=de|data-aċċess=2022-08-24}}&lt;/ref&gt; Il-port ta' Amburgu huwa t-tieni l-akbar port fl-[[Ewropa]] (wara dak ta' [[Rotterdam]]), u jinsab fid-disa' post tal-akbar portijiet tad-[[Id-Dinja|dinja]]. 

Il-belt ta' Amburgu tinsab fit-Tramuntana tal-Ġermanja u hija ċentru industrijali b'fabbriki bħal ''Blohm + Voss'' u ''Norddeutsche Affinerie''. L-industrija tal-midja hija importanti f'Amburgu u hawn jinsabu, fost oħrajn, l-istazzjon tar-radju u t-televiżjoni ''Norddeutscher Rundfunk'' u pubblikaturi bħal ''Gruner + Jahr'' u ''Spiegel-Verlag''. B'kollox hemm aktar minn 120,000 impriża f'din il-belt.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://mobilityexchange.mercer.com/Insights/quality-of-living-rankings|titlu=Quality of Living City Ranking {{!}} Mercer|sit=mobilityexchange.mercer.com|data-aċċess=2022-08-24}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Storja ==

Din il-belt ħadet isimha mill-ewwel bini tagħha. Dan kien kastell mibni skont l-ordni tal-Imperatur [[Karlu Manju]] fit-808 W.K. Dan kien iġib l-isem ta' ''Hammaburg'', fejn ''burg'' tfisser kastell, filwaqt li t-tifsira tal-kumplament tal-kelma ''Hamma'' baqgħet inċerta, l-istess bħal-pożizzjoni ta' dan il-kastell.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita aħbar|kunjom=Schulz|isem=Matthias|data=2010-10-01|titlu=Mapping Ancient Germania: Berlin Researchers Crack the Ptolemy Code|url=https://www.spiegel.de/international/zeitgeist/mapping-ancient-germania-berlin-researchers-crack-the-ptolemy-code-a-720513.html|lingwa=en|data-aċċess=2022-08-24}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Amburgu ġiet, ħafna drabi, meqruda u maħkuma. Fit-845, flotta ta' 600 vapur tal-[[Vikingi]] waslu sax-xmara [[Elbe]] u qerdu l-belt. Dak iż-żmien kienet belt ta' madwar 500 ruħ. Fl-1030, il-belt ġiet maħruqa mir-Re [[Mieszko II Lambert]] tal-[[Polonja]]. [[Valdemar II]] tad-[[Danimarka]] rebaħ il-belt fl-1201 u fl-1214. Amburgu għaddiet minn numru ta' nirien kbar, l-agħar tnejn seħħew fl-1284 u fl-1842. Fl-1842, tilfu ħajjithom 51 ruħ, inqerdu diversi binjiet importanti u 20,000 ruħ spiċċaw bla dar. Ir-rikostruzzjoni damet aktar minn 40 sena. Għal perjodu ta' żmien qasir kienet annessa minn [[Napuljun I ta' Franza]] (1810–1814). Il-forzi [[Russja|Russi]] lliberaw il-belt fl-1814. Fit-[[Tieni Gwerra Dinjija]], il-belt soffriet numru ta' attakki mill-ajru u ġew maqtula 42,000 ruħ ċivili. Fis-16 ta' Frar 1962 kien hemm għargħar tax-xmara Elbe minħabba maltempata qawwija u 300 ruħ tilfu ħajjithom.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://www.thoughtco.com/global-impacts-of-the-black-death-1434480|titlu=The Horrifying Global Impact of the Black Death|sit=ThoughtCo|lingwa=en|data-aċċess=2022-08-24}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Clark, David S. (1987), &quot;The Medieval Origins of Modern Legal Education: Between Church and State&quot;, ''The American Journal of Comparative Law'', American Society of Comparative Law, '''35''' (4): 653–719,&lt;/ref&gt;

Amburgu kien stat indipendenti tal-Konfederazzjoni Ġermaniża (1815–1866), il-Konfederazzjoni tat-Tramuntana tal-Ġermanja (1866–1871), l-Imperu Ġermaniż (1871–1918) u tar-Repubblika ta' [[Weimar]] (1919–1933). Waqt il-perjodu tal-Ġermanja [[Nażiżmu|Nażista]], Amburgu kienet'' Gau'' mill-1934 sal-1945. Wara t-Tieni Gwerra Dinjija, din il-belt kienet fiż-żona [[Renju Unit|Brittanika]] u saret stat tar-Repubblika Federali tal-Ġermanja fl-1949.&lt;ref&gt;''Vierhundert Jahre Juden in Hamburg: eine Ausstellung des Museums für Hamburgische Geschichte vom 8. November 1991 bis 29. März 1992'', Ulrich Bauche (ed.), Hamburg: Dölling und Galitz, 1991, (Die Geschichte der Juden in Hamburg; vol. 1), p. 492, ISBN 3-926174-31-5.&lt;/ref&gt;

Fl-ewwel nofs tas-seklu 19, saret referenza fil-proża u l-[[poeżija]], għall-qaddisa patruna bl-isem ta' Amburgu (Hamburg) bil-[[Lingwa Latina|Latin]], ''Hammonia''. B'hekk din saret is-simbolu tal-belt f'dan iż-żmien. Fit-tieni nofs tas-seklu 19, il-popolazzjoni ta' Amburgu kibret b'rata qawwija. Il-''Hamburg America Line'' saret l-akbar kumpanija tal-merkanzija transatlantika, b'[[Albert Ballin]] bħala d-direttur tagħha. Dan kien il-port minn fejn ħafna Ġermaniżi u nies mill-[[Ewropa tal-Lvant]] emigraw lejn l-[[Stati Uniti|Amerka]] u kont issib kumpaniji tan-negozju mid-dinja kollha.

Il-bombi tal-Alleati waqt it-Tieni Gwerra Dinjija wasslu għal numru kbir ta' persuni ċivili midruba, kif ukoll għal partijiet kbar tal-belt u tal-port meqruda. Amburgu ċediet lill-Forzi Brittaniċi fit-3 ta' April 1945. Il-fruntieri interni tal-Ġermanja sseparaw il-belt minn ħafna mill-periferija u n-negozju internazzjonali ta' Amburgu mar għall-agħar. Ir-riunifikazzjoni tal-Ġermanja fl-1990, u d-dħul ta' diversi stati Ewropej u Baltiċi fl-Unjoni Ewropea fl-2004, wasslu biex dan il-port, flimkien mal-belt kollha, jikseb mill-ġdid il-pożizzjoni tiegħu bħala l-akbar port reġjonali għall-merkanzija fil-kontejners u bħala ċ-ċentru kummerċjali ewlieni.

== Kultura u Ħajja Kontemporanja ==

F'Amburgu nsibu aktar minn 40 teatru, 60 mużew u 100 post u klabb tal-mużika. Fl-2005 iżjed minn 18-il miljun ruħ attendew kunċerti, esibizzjonijiet, teatri, ċinema, [[Mużew|mużewijiet]] u wirjiet oħra [[Kultura|kulturali]]. Insibu aktar minn 8,552 kumpanija taxxabbli — b'daqs medju ta' 3.16 impjegat — fis-settur kulturali bħalma huma l-[[mużika]], il-wirjiet tal-[[arti]] u l-letteratura.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita aħbar|kunjom=Weßling|isem=Kathrin|data=2016-04-30|titlu=1. Mai-Demo in Hamburg: Was soll der Krawall auf der Schanze noch?|url=https://www.spiegel.de/panorama/gesellschaft/1-mai-demo-in-hamburg-was-soll-der-krawall-auf-der-schanze-noch-a-1090104.html|lingwa=de|data-aċċess=2022-08-24}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081109014826/http://www.hamburg.de/servlet/contentblob/182046/kwb-hh-2006-neu/data.pdf|titlu=Institut für Kultur- und Medienmanagement (2006), Kulturwirtschaftsbericht 2006 (bil-Ġermaniż), Amburgu: Behörde für Kultur, Sport und Medien.}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Teatri ===

It-teatru pubbliku ''Deutsches Schauspielhaus'', it-''Thalia Theater'' u l-''Kampnagel'' huma magħrufa sew fil-Ġermanja u barra mill-pajjiż. ''The English Theatre'' twaqqaf fl-1976 u huwa l-eqdem teatru professjonali bl-[[Lingwa Ingliża|Ingliż]] fil-Ġermanja, u l-impjegati tiegħu kollha huma kelliema nattivi tal-Ingliż.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://archive.ph/oSpy|titlu=Kulturstiftung des Bundes - Bayreuth Was Yesterday - New Opera at Kam…|data=2012-06-28|sit=archive.ph|data-aċċess=2022-08-24}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://eth-hamburg.de/|titlu=The English Theatre of Hamburg|sit=The English Theatre of Hamburg|lingwa=en-US|data-aċċess=2022-08-24}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Turiżmu ===

Żjara tipika f'Amburgu tikkonsisti minn żjara tar-''Rathaus'' (il-muniċipju) u l-knisja ta' ''St. Michaelis'' (imsejħa ''Michel''), kif ukoll dawra mad-distrett tal-imħażen antiki (''[[Speicherstadt]]'') u mal-port. Il-postijiet ta' interess kollha jistgħu jintlaħqu permezz ta' kowċis turistiċi. Ħafna turisti jagħmlu dawra bid-dgħajsa madwar il-port u/jew il-kanali (''Große Hafenrundfahrt, Fleetfahrt'') li jibdew mil-Landungsbrücken. Il-mużewijiet huma destinazzjoni ewlenija oħra. Filgħaxija t-turisti jistgħu jagħmlu mixja mar-''Reeperbahn'' fid-distrett ta' St. Pauli, li huwa meqjus bħala l-akbar red light district fl-Ewropa, b'numru kbir ta' bars u nightclubs. Kien hawnhekk fejn il-[[Beatles]] bdew il-karriera tagħhom, b'residenza ta' 48 lejla fil-klabb ''Indra'', u bi 58 lejla fil-''Kaiserkeller''. Oħrajn jippreferu l-parti aktar rilassanti ta' ''Schanze'', fejn wieħed isib ħafna kafetteriji, jew inkella xi BBQ fuq ix-xatt tax-xmara Elbe. F'Amburgu nsibu wkoll żu popolari bl-isem ta' ''Tierpark Hagenbeck''. Hawn ukoll min iżur din il-belt minħabba xi interess speċjali: għal xi wirja mużikali, xi avveniment sportiv, kungress jew fiera.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100809030041/http://www.hamburg.de/daten-fakten/349180/aktuelles.html|titlu=Statistisches Jahrbuch Hamburg 2009/ 2010 - Stadt Hamburg|data=2010-08-09|sit=web.archive.org|data-aċċess=2022-08-24}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070906144905/http://www.audubonmagazine.org/features0111/newzoo.html|titlu=Audubon: The New Zoo|data=2007-09-06|sit=web.archive.org|data-aċċess=2022-08-24}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://www.statistik-nord.de/zahlen-fakten/handel-tourismus-dienstleistungen/tourismus/dokumentenansicht/tourismus-in-hamburg-im-dezember-und-im-gesamten-jahr-2016-59350/|titlu=Tourismus in Hamburg im Dezember und im gesamten Jahr 2016 - Statistikamt Nord|sit=www.statistik-nord.de|data-aċċess=2022-08-24}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Festi u avvenimenti ===

Amburgu hija belt magħrufa għal ħafna festi u avvenimenti. Fosthom hemm festi fit-toroq bħall-''festival Gay Pride, Christopher Street Day'' u l-fiera tal-Alster. Il-''Hamburger Dom'' hija l-akbar fiera ta' divertiment fit-Tramuntana tal-Ġermanja u tiġi organizzata tliet darbiet fis-sena. Il-''Hafengeburtstag'' hija fiera ta' divertiment oħra għaċ-ċelebrazzjoni ta' għeluq snin il-port permezz ta' party u parata tal-vapuri. Fil-Knisja ta' [[Arkanġlu Mikiel|San Mikiel]] issir quddiesa għall-motoċiklisti.

F'Diċembru jiġu organizzati fieri tal-[[Milied]] f'ħafna postijiet tal-belt, fosthom fil-[[pjazza]] tal-''Hamburg Rathaus''. Għal min japprezza [[L-Arti|l-arti]] u l-[[kultura]] jiġi organizzat il-lejl tal-mużewijiet. Sa nofs il-lejl wieħed jista jżur madwar 40 mużew bil-prezz ta' wieħed biss. Fl-2008 ġie organizzat is-sitt Festival tal-Kulturi f'Settembru, għaċ-ċelebrazzjoni tal-ħajja multikulturali. Waqt il-''Filmfest Hamburg'' jiġu preżentati għadd kbir ta' films. 

Fil-''Hamburg Messe and Congress'' isiru diversi fieri kummerċjali, bħal pereżempju il-''Hanseboot'', wirja internazzjonali tad-dgħajjes, jew ''Du und deine Welt'', esibizzjoni kbira tal-konsumatur. Isiru wkoll avvenimenti sportivi bħall-kompetizzjoni taċ-ċikliżmu ''Vattenfall Cyclassics'', il-Maratona ta' Amburgu, l-akbar maratona tal-Ġermanja wara dik ta' Berlin, it-tornew tat-[[tennis]] bl-isem ta' ''Hamburg Masters'' u sports ekwestri bħad-''Deutsches Derby''.

=== Sport ===

F'Amburgu nsibu numru ta' timijiet sportivi u matul is-sena jsiru ħafna attivitajiet sportivi. Hamburger SV huwa tim tal-[[futbol]] fil-[[Fußball-Bundesliga|Bundesliga]] li rebaħ ħafna titli lokali kif ukoll it-[[UEFA Champions League|Tazza Ewropea]] fl-1983. Dan it-tim jilgħab fil-''HSH Nordbank Arena''. FC St. Pauli huwa klabb ieħor tal-futbol li jilgħab fit-tieni diviżjoni fl-istadju ''Millerntor-Stadion''. Il-Hamburg Freezers jirrappreżentaw lill-Amburgu fid-''DEL'', il-lega tal-ħoki tas-silġ fil-Ġermanja. It-tim ta' HSV Handball jilgħab fil-lega tal-handball u jilgħab fil-''Color Line Arena''. F'din il-belt insibu timijiet ta' ħafna sports oħra, bħal dak tar-rugby, tal-vollleyball u tat-tennis. Matul is-sena isiru tornej u avvenimenti tat-tennis, sport ekwestri, maratoni u kompetizzjonijiet bħall-''Vattenfall Cyclassics'', u t-''triathlon ITU''. L-Arena HSH Nordbank intużat fit-[[Tazza tad-Dinja tal-Futbol 2006|Tazza tad-Dinja]] tal-2006. Fl-2010 se tintlagħab il-finali tat-[[UEFA Europa League|Tazza UEFA]] f'din l-arena.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090201061029/http://dtb-tennis.de/AmRothenbaum/9695.php?selected=9115|titlu=Anlage|data=2009-02-01|sit=web.archive.org|data-aċċess=2022-08-24}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ekonomija ==

Il-prodott domestiku gross ta' Amburgu huwa ta' €88.9 biljun, l-akbar wieħed fil-Ġermanja u hawn insibu 120,000 impriża. Fl-2007 id-dħul medju tal-impjegati kien ta' €30,937. L-akbar unità ekonomika ta' Amburgu huwa l-port, li wara r-riunifikazzjoni tal-Ġermanja, kiber b'rata mgħaġġla. Amburgu, fiimkien mal-bliet ta' [[Seattle]] u [[Toulouse]], hija belt importanti għall-industrija tat-trasport tal-passiġġieri bl-ajru. Il-kumpanija [[Airbus]], li għandha impjant tal-assemblaġġ f'Amburgu, timpjega aktar minn 13,000 ruħ fid-distrett ta' Finkenwerder. L-industrija kbira tinkludi l-produzzjoni tal-azzar, tal-aluminju, tar-ram u numru ta' tarzniet bħal Blohm + Voss.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://www.statistik-nord.de/presse-veroeffentlichungen/presseinformationen/dokumentenansicht/arbeitnehmerverdienste-in-hamburg-2016-59478/|titlu=Arbeitnehmerverdienste in Hamburg 2016 - Statistikamt Nord|sit=www.statistik-nord.de|data-aċċess=2022-08-24}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090110180340/http://www.hinduonnet.com/businessline/2000/12/25/stories/092559vq.htm|titlu=Making Hamburg Europe's preferred port|data=2009-01-10|sit=web.archive.org|data-aċċess=2022-08-24}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Midja ==

Industriji importanti oħra huma kumpaniji tal-midja b'aktar minn 70,000 impjegat. Is-sezzjoni ''Norddeutscher Rundfunk'' tan-network tat-televiżjoni u r-radju ''ARD'' hija bbażata f'Amburgu; kif ukoll l-istazzjonijiet kummerċjali tat-televiżjoni ''Hamburg 1'' u ''Tide TV''. Insibu wkoll diversi stazzjonijiet reġjonali tar-radju bħal ''Radio Hamburg'', kif ukoll numru kbir ta' kumpaniji tal-pubblikazzjoni kbar li jinkludu ''Axel Springer AG'', ''Gruner + Jahr'', ''Bauer Media Group''. Ħafna gazzetti u rivisti nazzjonali bħalma huma ''Der Spiegel'' u ''Die Zeit'' jiġu ppubblikati hawnhekk, kif ukoll gazzetti ta' interess speċjali bħal ''Financial Times Deutschland''. Il-''Hamburger Abendblatt'' hija gazzetta reġjonali li toħroġ kuljum b'distribuzzjoni kbira. Insibu numru ta' kumpaniji tal-mużika (l-akbar waħda hija ''Warner Bros. Records Germany'') u kumpaniji tal-internet (pereżempju ''AOL'', ''Adobe Systems'' u ''Google Germany'', u anke kumpaniji tal-Web 2.0 bħal ''Qype'').

== Referenzi ==
[[Kategorija:Ġermanja]]
[[Kategorija:Bliet tal-Ġermanja]]
[[Kategorija:Portijiet]]</text>
      <sha1>q243c5meuzq49s3tevqcd651l5hu34j</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Logħob tal-Pajjiżi ż-Żgħar tal-Ewropa 2009</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>12986</id>
    <revision>
      <id>279757</id>
      <parentid>215707</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-25T19:29:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Chrisportelli</username>
        <id>355</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>tiswija tar-referenzi</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="10127" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox Logħob tal-Pajjiżi ż-Żgħar tal-Ewropa|2009
|parteċipanti = 8
|atleti = 1500
|avvenimenti = 12
|ċerimonja_ftuħ = 1 ta' Ġunju 2009
|ċerimonja_għeluq = 6 ta' Ġunju 2009
|persuna_ftuħ = [[Dimitris Christofias]]
|sit_uffiċjali = [http://www.cyprus2009.org.cy/ cyprus2009.org.cy]
}}
Il-'''Logħob tal-Pajjiżi ż-Żgħar tal-Ewropa 2009''' kienu t-13-il edizzjoni tal-[[Logħob tal-Pajjiżi ż-Żgħar tal-Ewropa]] li saru matul Ġunju 2009 fost il-pajjiżi parteċipanti fil-Logħob tal-Pajjiżi ż-Żgħar. Iċ-ċerimonja tal-ftuħ saret fl-1 ta' Ġunju ġewwa [[Nikosija]], f'[[Ċipru]], u dik tal-għeluq saret fis-6 ta' Ġunju. Ċipru ospita din il-manifestazzjoni għat-tieni darba fl-istorja,&lt;ref&gt;{{ċita aħbar |titlu=Cyprus to host small European states' games in 2009 |data=2007-06-05 | pubblikatur=People's Daily Online |url=http://english.people.com.cn/200706/05/eng20070605_381137.html |data-aċċess=2007-06-12 |lingwa=Ingliż }}&lt;/ref&gt; u din l-edizzjoni tagħlaq għoxrin sena ta' storja ta' dawn il-logħob, bl-ewwel edizzjoni ta' dawn l-istess logħob tmur lura għall-[[Logħob tal-Pajjiżi ż-Żgħar tal-Ewropa 1989|1989]].&lt;ref&gt;{{ċita aħbar |titlu=Monaco to host 2007 GSSE |pubblikatur= Sports Business News |data=2003-06-06 |url=http://www.sportbusiness.com/news/151435/monaco-to-host-2007-gsse |lingwa=Ingliż }}&lt;/ref&gt; Il-kumitat organizzattiv għandu stima li l-ispiża għal dawn l-avvenimenti hu ta' 1.5 miljun [[ewro]].&lt;ref&gt;{{ċita aħbar |titlu=Cypriot organizers expect record high participation in games for small European states |data=2009-02-17 |pubblikatur=People's Daily Online |url=http://english.people.com.cn/90001/90779/90867/6594072.html |data-aċċess=2009-02-17 |lingwa=Ingliż }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Parteċipanti ==

* {{bandiera|Andorra}}
* {{bandiera|Ċipru}}
* {{bandiera|Iżlanda}}
* {{bandiera|Liechtenstein}}
* {{bandiera|Lussemburgu}}
* {{bandiera|Malta}}
* {{bandiera|Monako}}
* {{bandiera|San Marino}}

== Progamm ==

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;margin:0.5em auto; font-size:90%;position:relative;&quot;
|-
|bgcolor=&quot;#00cc33&quot;|&amp;nbsp;●&amp;nbsp;||Ċerimonja tal-ftuħ
|bgcolor=&quot;#3399ff&quot;|&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;||Kompetizzjonijiet
|bgcolor=&quot;#ffcc00&quot;|&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;||Finali
|bgcolor=&quot;#ee3333&quot;|&amp;nbsp;●&amp;nbsp;||Ċerimonja tal-għeluq
|}

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;margin:0.5em auto; font-size:90%; line-height:1.25em;&quot;
|-
! Ġunju 2009
! 01
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! 06
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| Ċerimonja
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| [[Stampa:Volleyball (beach) pictogram.svg|20px]] Beach volley
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| [[Stampa:Gymnastics (artistic) pictogram.svg|20px]] Ġinnastika
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| [[Stampa:Judo pictogram.svg|20px]] Ġudo
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| [[Stampa:Swimming pictogram.svg|20px]] Għawm
| 
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| [[Stampa:Basketball pictogram.svg|20px]] Baskitbol
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| [[Stampa:Volleyball (indoor) pictogram.svg|20px]] Volibol
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| [[Stampa:Shooting pictogram.svg|20px]] Sparar
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| [[Stampa:Sailing pictogram.svg|20px]] Ibburdjar
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|}

== Immaġini tal-logħob ==

=== Logo ===
[[Stampa:Kyrenia ship.jpg|250px|thumb|Il-Vapur ta' Kyrenia]]
Il-logo uffiċjali tal-Logħob tal-Pajjiżi ż-Żgħar 2009 jirrapreżenta l-[[vapur ta' Kyrenia]] stilizzat. Il-fdalijiet ta' dan il-ġifen huma forsi l-aktar antiki u l-aktar sejbiet arkeoloġiċi konservati ta' vapur kummerċjali. L-arkeoloġiċi skoprew dawn il-fdalijiet taħt il-baħar ta' Kyrenia fl-1965 u illum jinsabu konservati ġewwa l-[[Kastell ta' Kyrenia]].

Dawn il-vapuri, permezz tat-trasportazzjoni ta' prodotti fil-[[Mediterran]], mhux biss għenu għall-iżvilupp kummerċjali fi ħdan il-[[Mare Nostrum]] imma għenu wkoll għall-iskambji kulturali u ta' ideat bejn id-diversi popli li kienu jgħixu qrib il-kosta.

Dan is-simbolu ġie magħżul bħala rappreżentazzjoni tal-istorja, tal-kultura u tas-sens patrijottiku ta' Ċipru u hu wkoll rappreżentat fuq il-muniti tal-10, l-20, u l-50 ċenteżmu tal-[[ewro]] ta' Ċipru.

=== Maskot ===

Il-maskot uffiċjali ta' dawn il-logħob huwa [[Tewkru|Tefkros]], [[ħamiema|ħamiemu]], li ġie imħabbar fuq is-sit uffiċjali tal-logħob nhar l-14 ta' Mejju, 2008.

== Impjanti ==

Il-maġġoranza tal-avvenimenti sportivi saru f'impjanti ġewwa jew madwar il-belt kapitali [[Nikosija]]. Il-belt fin-naħa t'isfel ta' [[Limassol]] ospitat l-logħob tal-ġinnastika u sport akwatiku waqt li l-avvenimenti tal-mountain bike ġew miżmuma fil-Park Nazzjonali ta' [[Machairas]], b'medja ta' altitudni ta' 700m.&lt;ref&gt; {{ċita web|url=http://www.olympic.org.cy/nqcontent.cfm?a_id=1978&amp;tt=graphic&amp;lang=l1 |titlu=XIII Games of the Small States of Europe CYPRUS 2009 |data-aċċess=2008-07-16 |pubblikatur=Kumitat Olimpiku Ċiprijott |lingwa=Ingliż }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ċita web |url=http://www.cyprus2009.org.cy/venues/index.htm |titlu=XIII Games of the Small States of Europe CYPRUS 2009, Venues |data-aċċess=2008-07-16 |pubblikatur=Kumitat Olimpiku Ċiprijott |lingwa=Ingliż }}&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Dixxiplina sportiva
!Impjanti
!Belt/Lokalità
|-
|Atletika
|[[Stadju GSP]]
|Nikosija
|-
|[[Baskitbol fil-Logħob tal-Pajjiżi ż-Żgħar tal-Ewropa 2009|Baskitbol]]
|[[Eleftheria Indoor Hall]]
|Nikosija
|-
|Beach volley
|Sailing Centre
|Limassol
|-
|Ċikliżmu
|Mountain Bike Track
|Machairas 
|-
|Ġinnastika
|[[Ċentru Atletiku Spyros Kyprianou|Palais de Sport]]
|Limassol
|-
|Ġudo
|[[Lefkotheo|Lefkotheo Indoor Hall]]
|Nikosija
|-
|Ibburdjar
|Sailing Centre
|Limassol
|-
|Sparar
|Olympic Shooting Range
|Nikosija
|-
|Għawm
|Olympic Swimming Pool
|Nikosija
|-
|Table tennis
|Evangelos Florakis Indoor Hall
|Nikosija
|-
|Tennis
|National Tennis Centre
|Nikosija
|-
|Volibol
|University of Cyprus Sports hall
|Nikosija
|-
|Ċerimonji tal-ftuħ u l-għeluq
|[[Stadju GSP]]
|Nikosija
|}

== Tabella tal-midalji ==

{|class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;
|-
!Poż.
!Pajjiż
|style=&quot;background:gold; width:4.5em; font-weight:bold;&quot;|[[Stampa:Gold GSSE.svg|20px|Midalji tad-deheb mirbuħa]]
|style=&quot;background:silver; width:4.5em; font-weight:bold;&quot;|[[Stampa:Silver GSSE.svg|20px|Midalji tal-fidda mirbuħa]]
|style=&quot;background:#cc9966; width:4.5em; font-weight:bold;&quot;|[[Stampa:Bronze GSSE.svg|20px|Midalji tad-bronż mirbuħa]]
!style=&quot;width:4.5em;&quot;|[[Stampa:GoldSilverBronze GSSE.svg|40px|Total ta' midalji mirbuħa]]
|- style=&quot;background:#ccccff&quot;
| 1 ||align=left| {{bandiera|Ċipru}} || 59 || 47 || 33 || 139
|- 
| 2 ||align=left| {{bandiera|Iżlanda}} || 32 || 24 || 25 || 81
|-
| 3 ||align=left| {{bandiera|Lussemburgu}} || 26 || 17 || 19 || 62
|- 
| 4 ||align=left| {{bandiera|Monako}} || 7 || 18 || 17 || 42
|-
| 5 ||align=left| {{bandiera|San Marino}}  || 4 || 9 || 16 || 29
|-
| 6 ||align=left| {{bandiera|Malta}} || 3 || 5 || 13 || 21
|-
| 7 ||align=left| {{bandiera|Liechtenstein}} || 2 || 4 || 12 || 18
|- 
| 8 ||align=left| {{bandiera|Andorra}} || 1 || 7 || 9 || 17
|}

== Referenzi ==
{{referenzi}}

== Ħoloq esterni ==

*[http://www.cyprus2009.org.cy/ Sit uffiċjali]

{{Edizzjonijiet tal-Logħob tal-Pajjiżi ż-Żgħar tal-Ewropa}}

[[Kategorija:Logħob tal-Pajjiżi ż-Żgħar tal-Ewropa|2009]]</text>
      <sha1>kvz81zt68z2tnpj2om4fq9jzzh4gcbl</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Senglea Athletic FC</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>17876</id>
    <revision>
      <id>279765</id>
      <parentid>253026</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-25T19:52:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Chrisportelli</username>
        <id>355</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Storja */ tiswija tar-referenzi</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="12060" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox Tim tal-Futbol
| isem = Senglea Athletic
| stampa = [[Image:Senglea AthleticFC.png|175px|Senglea Athletic Football Club]]
| isem_sħiħ = Senglea Athletic Football Club
| grawnd = [[Grawnd Nazzjonali Ta' Qali]], [[Ta' Qali]]
| jesa'  = 17,000
| fundazzjoni  = 1943 ''bħala Senglea United''
| president  = {{flagicon|MLT}} Benjamin Casha
| kowċ  = {{flagicon|MLT}} [[Marco Ġerada]]
| kampjonat   = Premjer League
| staġun      = 2018/2019
| pożizzjoni  = 11
| sit_elettroniku = http://sengleafootball.webs.com/
| pattern_la1   = _redborderandshoulder
| pattern_b1    = sengleabody1
| pattern_ra1   = _redborderandshoulder
| pattern_sh1   = sengleashorts1
| pattern_so1   = _yellowredhoops
| leftarm1      = FFFF00
| body1         = FFFF00
| rightarm1     = FFFF00
| shorts1       = FF0000
| socks1        = FFFF00
| pattern_la2   = _celtic1213h
| pattern_b2    = sengleabody22
| pattern_ra2   = _celtic1213h
| pattern_sh2   = sengleashorts2
| pattern_so2   = __greenwhitehoops
| leftarm2      = FFFFFF
| body2         = 228b22
| rightarm2     = FFFFFF
| shorts2       = FFFFFF
| socks2        = 228b22
}}

'''Senglea Athletic Football Club''' hu klabb tal-[[futbol]] tad-dilettanti. Huwa l-klabb li ġej mill-[[Isla]]. Dan il-klabb jieħu sehem fit-[[Tielet Diviżjoni Maltija|Tielet Diviżjoni]] organizzat mill-[[Malta Football Association]]. Bħalissa qieghdin fit-tieni post.

==Storja==
Senglea Athletic Football Club beda fl-1943. Il-klabb gie imsemi bħala ''Senglea United'', li kien ġie iffurmat fl-1921 wara t-tmiem ta' Senglea Shamrocks. Wara [[Tieni Gwerra Dinjija]] l-klabb beda jikkompeti fit-[[It-Tieni Diviżjoni Maltija|Tieni Diviżjoni Maltija]].

Barra minn mumenti ta' suċċess u kuntentizza, dan il-klabb kellu wkoll mumenti diżappuntanti tiegħu. Għal ħafna drabi dan il-klabb kellu riżultati baxxi fid-diviżjonijiet ta' Malta.

L-aktar mumenti ta' glorja u l-kuntentizza seħħew f'nofs is-sena 1970 ta' meta l-klabb kien promoss għat-[[It-Tieni Diviżjoni Maltija|Tieni Diviżjoni Maltija]], u aktar tard fl-[[L-Ewwel Diviżjoni Maltija|Ewwel Diviżjoni Maltija]]. Għal numru ta' drabi wara xulxin Senglea Athletic FC kienu ddikjarati ċampjins tat-[[It-Tieni Diviżjoni Maltija|Tieni Diviżjoni Maltija]].

Għal mument ieħor, fl-1981, il-klabb ġie promoss għall-[[Premier League Malti]]. Matul dak l-istaġun, Senglea Athletic għamlu l-istorja kkontestata meta ġew fil-finali tat-[[Tazza Maltija]], waqt li kienu fl-[[L-Ewwel Diviżjoni Maltija|Ewwel Diviżjoni Maltija]]. Il-klabb kien ferm viċin li jipparteċipa fil-UEFA Cup Winners' Cup, imma sfortunatament il-finali kontra [[Floriana FC|Floriana]] intemm f'telf ta 2-1 għall Senglea Athletic. Matul dak iż-żmien il-president tal-klabb kien Walter Clinch.

Minn dak iż-żmien 'il quddiem ta Senglea Athletic kellhom xi mumenti ħżiena ħafna minħabba l-kriżi finanzjarja. Imma mbagħad fis-sena 2000, huma marru lura għas-saqajn tagħhom u kienu promossi mit-[[Tielet Diviżjoni Maltija]] u baqgħu sejrin lejn it-[[It-Tieni Diviżjoni Maltija|Tieni Diviżjoni Maltija]], flimkien ma '[[Msida Saint-Joseph FC|Msida]]. Matul dak iż-żmien l-president ta Senglea Athletic kien [[Reno Chirchop]].

Is-sena ta wara, Senglea Athletic, din id-darba mill-ġdid ma [[Msida Saint-Joseph FC|Msida]], kienu promossi għall-[[L-Ewwel Diviżjoni Maltija|Ewwel Diviżjoni]]. Matul dak iż-żmien l-president għal Senglea Athletic Kien Dr Vincent S. Zammit. L-għan tal-klabb kien li jikkompetu fil-[[Premier League Malti]] u ħa pass lura, meta fl-istaġun 2008-09 kienu relegati għat-[[It-Tieni Diviżjoni Maltija|Tieni Diviżjoni]]. Matul l-istaġun 2009-10 Senglea Athletic spiċċaw il-kampjonat fid-9 post, pożizzjoni fuq il-relegazzjoni tal-play-offs.

Fl-[[It-Tielet Diviżjoni Maltija 2012–13|istagun 2012-13]] Senglea ġew inkurunati ċampjins tat-Tielet Diviżjoni għat-tieni darba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita aħbar |titlu=Senglea Athletic crowned champions |url=http://www.maltafootball.com/2013/05/05/bov-division-3-senglea-athletic-crowned-champions/ |pubblikatur=MaltaFootball.com |isem=Antoine |kunjom=Busuttil |data=2013-05-05 |data-aċċess=2013-05-06 |lingwa=Ingliż}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Skawadra==
{{Plejers fit-tim tal-futbol/bidu}}
{{Plejers fit-tim tal-futbol | n=2  | naz=Malta | poż=D | isem= [[Michael Ciappara]]}}
{{Plejers fit-tim tal-futbol | n=3  | naz=Malta | poż=M | isem= [[Jonathan Buttigieg]]}}
{{Plejers fit-tim tal-futbol | n=4  | naz=ENG | poż=D | isem= [[John Alegbe]]}}
{{Plejers fit-tim tal-futbol | n=5  | naz=Malta | poż=D | isem= [[Stacey Vella]]}}
{{Plejers fit-tim tal-futbol | n=6  | naz=Malta | poż=D | isem= [[Sandro Calleja]]}}
{{Plejers fit-tim tal-futbol | n=7  | naz=Malta | poż=M | isem= [[Darren Grech]]}}
{{Plejers fit-tim tal-futbol | n=8  | naz=Malta | poż=M | isem= [[Brady Zerafa]]}}
{{Plejers fit-tim tal-futbol | n=9  | naz=Niġerja | poż=A | isem= [[John Roland Emeka]]}}
{{Plejers fit-tim tal-futbol | n=10 | naz=Malta | poż=M | isem= [[Clayton Caruana]]}}
{{Plejers fit-tim tal-futbol | n=11 | naz=Malta | poż=M | isem= [[Chris Borg]]}}
{{Plejers fit-tim tal-futbol | n=12 | naz=Malta | poż=G | isem= [[Brandon Bartolo]]}}
{{Plejers fit-tim tal-futbol/nofs}}
{{Plejers fit-tim tal-futbol | n=14 | naz=Malta | poż=M | isem= [[Jovin Abela]]}}
{{Plejers fit-tim tal-futbol | n=17 | naz=Malta | poż=M | isem= [[Kevin Galea]]}}
{{Plejers fit-tim tal-futbol | n=18 | naz=Malta | poż=M | isem= [[Andrew Sciortino]]}}
{{Plejers fit-tim tal-futbol | n=19 | naz=Malta | poż=D | isem= [[Rennie Tanti]]}}
{{Plejers fit-tim tal-futbol | n=21 | naz=Malta | poż=M | isem= [[Omar Rababah]]}}
{{Plejers fit-tim tal-futbol | n=23 | naz=Malta | poż=M | isem= [[Rio Micallef]]}}
{{Plejers fit-tim tal-futbol | n=47 | naz=Malta | poż=G | isem= [[George Attard]]|other=[[Captain (association football)|Captain]]}}  ([[File:Captain sports.svg|14px]]) 
{{Plejers fit-tim tal-futbol | n= 49  | naz=Malta | poż=M | isem= [[Tyrone Thomas]]}}
{{Plejers fit-tim tal-futbol | n= 54  | naz=Malta | poż=A | isem= [[Glenn Brincat]]}}
{{Plejers fit-tim tal-futbol | n= 56  | naz=Malta | poż=A | isem= [[Reuter Degiorgio]]}}
{{Plejers fit-tim tal-futbol/tmiem}}

==Statistika==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
!'''Sena''' 
!'''Diviżjoni'''
!'''Livell''' 
!'''Pożizzjoni (Timijiet Parteċipanti)''' 
!'''Punti Miksuba / Punti massimi'''
|-
| 1997/98 || {{flagicon|MLT}} [[Tielet Diviżjoni Maltija]] Sezzjoni B || &lt;center&gt;4&lt;/center&gt; || &lt;center&gt;'''3''' (7)&lt;/center&gt; || &lt;center&gt; / &lt;/center&gt;
|-
| 1998/99 || {{flagicon|MLT}} [[Tielet Diviżjoni Maltija]] Sezzjoni B || &lt;center&gt;4&lt;/center&gt; || &lt;center&gt;'''4''' (7)&lt;/center&gt; || &lt;center&gt; / &lt;/center&gt;
|-
| 1999/00 || {{flagicon|MLT}} [[Tielet Diviżjoni Maltija]] || &lt;center&gt;4&lt;/center&gt; || &lt;center&gt;'''10''' (15)&lt;/center&gt; || &lt;center&gt; / &lt;/center&gt;
|-
| 2000/01 || {{flagicon|MLT}} [[Tielet Diviżjoni Maltija]] || &lt;center&gt;4&lt;/center&gt; || &lt;center&gt;'''2''' (16)&lt;/center&gt; || &lt;center&gt; / &lt;/center&gt;
|-
| 2001/02 || {{flagicon|MLT}} [[It-Tieni Diviżjoni Maltija|Tieni Diviżjoni Maltija]] || &lt;center&gt;3&lt;/center&gt; || &lt;center&gt;'''2''' (12)&lt;/center&gt; || &lt;center&gt; / &lt;/center&gt;
|-
| 2002/03 || {{flagicon|MLT}} [[L-Ewwel Diviżjoni Maltija]] || &lt;center&gt;2&lt;/center&gt; || &lt;center&gt;'''3''' (10)&lt;/center&gt; || &lt;center&gt; / &lt;/center&gt;
|-
| 2003/04 || {{flagicon|MLT}} [[L-Ewwel Diviżjoni Maltija]] || &lt;center&gt;2&lt;/center&gt; || &lt;center&gt;'''4''' (10)&lt;/center&gt; || &lt;center&gt; / &lt;/center&gt;
|-
| 2004/05 || {{flagicon|MLT}} [[L-Ewwel Diviżjoni Maltija]] || &lt;center&gt;2&lt;/center&gt; || &lt;center&gt;'''4''' (10)&lt;/center&gt; || &lt;center&gt;'''28''' / 54&lt;/center&gt;
|-
| 2005/06 || {{flagicon|MLT}} [[L-Ewwel Diviżjoni Maltija]] || &lt;center&gt;2&lt;/center&gt; || &lt;center&gt;'''5''' (10)&lt;/center&gt; || &lt;center&gt;'''27''' / 54&lt;/center&gt;
|-
| 2006/07 || {{flagicon|MLT}} [[L-Ewwel Diviżjoni Maltija]] || &lt;center&gt;2&lt;/center&gt; || &lt;center&gt;'''5''' (10)&lt;/center&gt; || &lt;center&gt;'''27''' / 54&lt;/center&gt;
|-
| 2007/08 || {{flagicon|MLT}} [[L-Ewwel Diviżjoni Maltija]] || &lt;center&gt;2&lt;/center&gt; || &lt;center&gt;'''4''' (10)&lt;/center&gt; || &lt;center&gt;'''31''' / 54&lt;/center&gt;
|-
| 2008/09 || {{flagicon|MLT}} [[L-Ewwel Diviżjoni Maltija]] || &lt;center&gt;2&lt;/center&gt; || &lt;center&gt;'''10''' (10)&lt;/center&gt; || &lt;center&gt;'''8''' / 54&lt;/center&gt;
|-
| 2009/10 || {{flagicon|MLT}} [[It-Tieni Diviżjoni Maltija|Tieni Diviżjoni Maltija]] || &lt;center&gt;3&lt;/center&gt; || &lt;center&gt;'''9''' (12)&lt;/center&gt; || &lt;center&gt;'''25''' / 66&lt;/center&gt;
|-
| 2010/11 || {{flagicon|MLT}} [[It-Tieni Diviżjoni Maltija|Tieni Diviżjoni Maltija]] || &lt;center&gt;3&lt;/center&gt; || &lt;center&gt;'''10''' (12)&lt;/center&gt; || &lt;center&gt; '''19''' / 66 &lt;center&gt; 
|-
| 2011/12 || {{flagicon|MLT}} [[It-Tieni Diviżjoni Maltija|Tieni Diviżjoni Maltija]] || &lt;center&gt;3&lt;/center&gt; || &lt;center&gt;'''13''' (14)&lt;/center&gt; || &lt;center&gt; '''15''' / 78 &lt;center&gt;
|-
| 2012/13 || {{flagicon|MLT}} [[Tielet Diviżjoni Maltija]] || &lt;center&gt;4&lt;/center&gt; || &lt;center&gt;'''1''' (15)&lt;/center&gt; || &lt;center&gt; '''71'''  &lt;center&gt; 
|}

===Unuri===
* '''[[L-Ewwel Diviżjoni Maltija]]''' ''(it-tieni livell[2])''
** ''Ċampjins'' : 1980/81

* '''[[It-Tieni Diviżjoni Maltija]]''' ''(it-tielet livel[3])''
** ''Runners-up]'' : 2001/02

* '''[[Tielet Diviżjoni Maltija|It-Tielet Diviżjoni Maltija]]''' ''(ir-raba' livell[4])''
** ''Ċampjins'' : 1980/81, [[It-Tielet Diviżjoni Maltija 2012–13|2012/13]]
** ''Runners-Up'' : 2000/01

* '''[[Tazza Maltija|FA Trophy]]'''
** ''Runners-Up'' : 1980/81

* '''Youths / Minors (U-19)'''
** '''Sezzjoni C'''
*** ''Rebbieħa'' : 1960/61, 1967/68, 2011/12
** '''Sezzjoni D'''
*** ''Rebbieħa'' : 2007/08
** '''Youth Knock-Out'''
*** ''Semi-Finali'' : 2008/09, 2009/10
** '''Youth Knock-Out B'''
*** ''Semi-Finali'' : 2011/12

== Kumitat eżekuttiv ==
{| class=&quot;toccolours&quot;
!bgcolor=silver|Pożizzjoni
!bgcolor=silver|Isem
|-bgcolor=FFFF00
|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#FF0000;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;President&lt;/span&gt;: ||&lt;span style=&quot;color:#FF0000;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;Benjamin Casha&lt;/span&gt;
|-bgcolor=FF0000
|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#FFFF00;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;Viċi-President&lt;/span&gt;: ||&lt;span style=&quot;color:#FFFF00;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;Stephen Spiteri&lt;/span&gt;
|-bgcolor=FFFF00
|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#FF0000;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;Segretarju&lt;/span&gt;: ||&lt;span style=&quot;color:#FF0000;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;Jean Paul Spiteri&lt;/span&gt;
|-bgcolor=FF0000
|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#FFFF00;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;Viċi Segretarju&lt;/span&gt;: ||&lt;span style=&quot;color:#FFFF00;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;Michael Degiorgio&lt;/span&gt;
|-bgcolor=FFFF00
|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#FF0000;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;Teżorier&lt;/span&gt;: ||&lt;span style=&quot;color:#FF0000;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;Stephen Buttigieg&lt;/span&gt;
|-bgcolor=FF0000
|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#FFFF00;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;Viċi Teżorier&lt;/span&gt;: ||&lt;span style=&quot;color:#FFFF00;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;Robert Bonello&lt;/span&gt;
|-bgcolor=FFFF00
|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#FF0000;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;Kowċ&lt;/span&gt;: ||&lt;span style=&quot;color:#FF0000;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;Francis Dingli&lt;/span&gt;
|-bgcolor=FF0000
|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#FFFF00;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;Meniġer tal-kits&lt;/span&gt;: ||&lt;span style=&quot;color:#FFFF00;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;George Attard&lt;/span&gt;
|-bgcolor=FFFF00
|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#FF0000;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;Direttur Tal-klabb&lt;/span&gt;: ||&lt;span style=&quot;color:#FF0000;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;Marco Dingli&lt;/span&gt;
|-bgcolor=FF0000
|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#FFFF00;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;Membru&lt;/span&gt;: ||&lt;span style=&quot;color:#FFFF00;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;David Aquilina&lt;/span&gt;
|}

==Referenzi==
{{Referenzi}}

== Ħoloq esterni ==
{{commons|Marsa}}
* {{en}} [http://www.sengleafootball.webs.com  tas-Senglea Athletic Football Club]
* {{en}} [http://www.freewebs.com/sengleafc Staġun 2007-2008 tas-Senglea Athletic Football Club]
* {{en}} [http://schoolnet.gov.mt/sengleanurseryfc Websajt tan-Nursery tas-Senglea Athletic Football Club]
* {{en}} [http://www.betstudy.com/soccer-stats/teams/senglea-athletic/ Senglea Athletic Football Club] fuq [http://www.betstudy.com Bet Study]
* [http://www.islalocalcouncil.com/organizations.htm#fc Informazzjoni tas-Senglea Athletic Football]
* {{Klabb Weltfussballarchiv|7732}}

{{It-Tieni Diviżjoni Maltija}}
[[Kategorija:Klabbs tal-futbol Maltin]]
[[Kategorija:Klabbs tal-futbol stabbiliti fl-1943]]</text>
      <sha1>t9eo82mztxrjg7m3qug0umlsmt0zxv2</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>L-Ewwel Diviżjoni Maltija (nisa)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>19202</id>
    <revision>
      <id>279760</id>
      <parentid>271875</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-25T19:34:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Chrisportelli</username>
        <id>355</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>tiswija tar-referenzi</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4503" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox kompetizzjoni sportiva
|isem = L-Ewwel Diviżjoni Maltija
|staġun_attwali =
|stampa = 
|pixels = 
|sport = [[Futbol]]
|fundazzjoni = 1995
|timijiet = 8
|reġjun = [[Malta]]
|promozzjoni = 
|relegazzjoni = [[It-Tieni Diviżjoni Maltija (nisa)|It-Tieni Diviżjoni Maltija]]
|ċampjin = [[Birkirkara FC (nisa)|Birkirkara]] ([[L-Ewwel Diviżjoni Maltija (nisa) 2018–19|2018–19]])
|l-aktar_rebħiet = [[Hibernians FC (nisa)|Hibernians]] (12-il titlu)
|sit_elettroniku = 
}}
'''L-Ewwel Diviżjoni Maltija tan-nisa''', magħrufha bħala l-'''BOV Women's League''' għal raġunijiet ta' sponsorizzazzjoni, hija l-kampjonat tal-[[futbol]] tal-ogħla livell tan-nisa f'[[Malta]].

Wara diversi attentati falluti fis-snin sebgħin u tmenin sabiex jinħoloq kampjonat tal-futbol tan-nisa, il-kompetizzjonijiet li saru [[San Ġwann FC|San Ġwann]] u [[Luxol St. Andrews FC|Luxol St. Andrews]] xprunaw interess biżżejjed sabiex il-[[Malta Football Association]] iddeċidiet li torganizza l-ewwel kampjonat għall-istaġun 1995–96.

== Rebbieħa ==

Il-lista segwenti turi r-rebbieħa kollha mill-ewwel edizzjoni tal-kampjonat.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web |titlu=Malta - List of Women Champions |url=http://www.rsssf.com/tablesm/malt-womchamp.html |pubblikatur=RSSSF |data-aċċess=2012-04-08 |lingwa=Ingliż }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web |titlu=Women's football archive |url=http://www.maltafootball.com/archive/womens-football/ |sit=MaltaFootball.com |data-aċċess=2012-04-08 |lingwa=Ingliż }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|-
!Staġun
!Rebbieħ
!It-tieni post
!It-tielet post
|-
|1995–96
|[[Rabat Ajax FC (nisa)|Rabat Ajax]]
|
|
|-
|1996–97
|[[Lija Athletic FC (nisa)|Lija Athletic]]
|
|
|-
|1997–98
|[[Rabat Ajax FC (nisa)|Rabat Ajax]]
|
|
|-
|1998–99
|[[Hibernians FC (nisa)|Hibernians]]
|[[Birkirkara FC (nisa)|Birkirkara]]
|[[Mosta FC (nisa)|Mosta]]
|-
|1999–2000
|[[Hibernians FC (nisa)|Hibernians]]
|[[Birkirkara FC (nisa)|Birkirkara]]
|[[Melita FC (nisa)|Melita]]
|-
|2000–01
|[[Hibernians FC (nisa)|Hibernians]]
|[[Birkirkara FC (nisa)|Birkirkara]]
|[[Melita FC (nisa)|Melita]]
|-
|2001–02
|[[Hibernians FC (nisa)|Hibernians]]
|[[Birkirkara FC (nisa)|Birkirkara]]
|[[Mosta FC (nisa)|Mosta]]
|-
|2002–03
|[[Hibernians FC (nisa)|Hibernians]]
|[[Birkirkara FC (nisa)|Birkirkara]]
|[[Mosta FC (nisa)|Mosta]]
|-
|2003–04
|[[Hibernians FC (nisa)|Hibernians]]
|[[Birkirkara FC (nisa)|Birkirkara]]
|[[Melita FC (nisa)|Melita]]
|-
|2004–05
|[[Hibernians FC (nisa)|Hibernians]]
|[[Birkirkara FC (nisa)|Birkirkara]]
|[[Melita FC (nisa)|Melita]]
|-
|2005–06
|[[Hibernians FC (nisa)|Hibernians]]
|[[Birkirkara FC (nisa)|Birkirkara]]
|[[Melita FC (nisa)|Melita]]
|-
|2006–07
|[[Birkirkara FC (nisa)|Birkirkara]]
|[[Hibernians FC (nisa)|Hibernians]]
|[[Melita FC (nisa)|Melita]]
|-
|2007–08
|[[Hibernians FC (nisa)|Hibernians]]
|[[Birkirkara FC (nisa)|Birkirkara]]
|[[Mosta FC (nisa)|Mosta]]
|-
|2008–09
|[[Birkirkara FC (nisa)|Birkirkara]]
|[[Mosta FC (nisa)|Mosta]]
|[[Hibernians FC (nisa)|Hibernians]]
|-
|2009–10
|[[Birkirkara FC (nisa)|Birkirkara]]
|[[Mosta FC (nisa)|Mosta]]
|[[Hibernians FC (nisa)|Hibernians]]
|-
|2010–11
|[[Mosta FC (nisa)|Mosta]]
|[[Hibernians FC (nisa)|Hibernians]]
|[[Birkirkara FC (nisa)|Birkirkara]]
|-
|2011–12
|[[Birkirkara FC (nisa)|Birkirkara]]
|[[Mosta FC (nisa)|Mosta]]
|[[Hibernians FC (nisa)|Hibernians]]
|-
|2012–13
|[[Birkirkara FC (nisa)|Birkirkara]]
|[[Mosta FC (nisa)|Mosta]]
|[[Hibernians FC (nisa)|Hibernians]]
|-
|2013–14
|[[Hibernians FC (nisa)|Hibernians]]
|[[Birkirkara FC (nisa)|Birkirkara]]
|[[Mġarr United FC (nisa)|Mġarr United]]
|-
|2014–15
|[[Hibernians FC (nisa)|Hibernians]]
|[[Birkirkara FC (nisa)|Birkirkara]]
|[[Raiders Luxol FC|Raiders Luxol]]
|-
|2015–16
|[[Hibernians FC (nisa)|Hibernians]]
|[[Birkirkara FC (nisa)|Birkirkara]]
|[[Mġarr United FC (nisa)|Mġarr United]]
|-
|2016–17
|[[Birkirkara FC (nisa)|Birkirkara]]
|[[Hibernians FC (nisa)|Hibernians]]
|[[Mġarr United FC (nisa)|Mġarr United]]
|-
|2017–18
|[[Birkirkara FC (nisa)|Birkirkara]]
|[[Hibernians FC (nisa)|Hibernians]]
|[[Mġarr United FC (nisa)|Mġarr United]]
|-
|2018–19
|[[Birkirkara FC (nisa)|Birkirkara]]
|[[Mġarr United FC (nisa)|Mġarr United]]
|[[Hibernians FC (nisa)|Hibernians]]
|}

== Referenzi ==
{{Referenzi}}

== Ħoloq esterni ==
* [https://mfa.com.mt/en/leagues/leagues/51/bov-womens-league.htm Sit uffiċjali] fuq MFA

{{Futbol f'Malta}}

[[Kategorija:Kompetizzjonijiet tal-futbol f'Malta]]
[[Kategorija:Nisa]]</text>
      <sha1>cfgn6v9qv9eypcma0rpctqokvk7awpw</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Utent:Trigcly</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>25623</id>
    <revision>
      <id>279748</id>
      <parentid>279733</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-25T16:03:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Trigcly</username>
        <id>17859</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>aġġornament</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="22054" xml:space="preserve">== '''Kontribuzzjonijiet - Artikli ġodda (772)''' ==

=== &lt;u&gt;'''A'''&lt;/u&gt; ===

* [[Abbazija ta' Corvey]]
* [[Abbazija ta' Fontenay]]
* [[Abbazija ta' Lorsch]]
*[[Abbazija ta' Saint-Savin-sur-Gartempe]]
*[[Abbazija ta' Sankt Gallen]]
*[[Abbazija ta’ Vézelay|Abbazija ta' Vezelay]]
*[[Abu al-Fida]]
*[[Abu Simbel]]
*[[Aflaj tal-Oman]]
*[[Afrodisja]]
*[[Agostino Carracci]]
*[[Agostino Matrenza]]
*[[Aït Benhaddou]]
*[[Akkwedott ta' Padre Tembleque]]
*[[Akkwedott ta' Pontcysyllte]]
*[[Alatyr]]
*[[Alberobello]]
*[[Albi]]
*[[Alcide d'Orbigny]]
*[[Aleksandr Yakovlevich Khinchin]]
*[[Alenush Terian]]
*[[Alessandro Scarlatti]]
*[[Alessandro Volta]]
*[[Alfred Hermann Fried]]
*[[Alfred Nobel]]
*[[Alfredo Casella]]
*[[Alto Douro]]
* [[L-Amerika t'Isfel|Amerka t’Isfel]]

* [[L-Amerika ta' Fuq|Amerka ta’ Fuq]]
*[[Amilcare Ponchielli]]
*[[Anastasia Golovina]]
*[[Anders Jonas Ångström]]
*[[André Citroën]]
*[[André Weil]]
* [[Angkor Wat]]
* [[Ani]]
*[[Anna Seghers]]
*[[Anna Sychravová]]
*[[Anne-Sophie Mutter]]
* [[Antartika]]
*[[Antoine de Jussieu]]
*[[Antoine de Saint-Exupéry]]
*[[Antoinette Miggiani]]
*[[Anton Diabelli]]
*[[Aquileia]]
*[[Arena Tettonika Żvizzera ta' Sardona]]
*[[Arġentier]]
*[[Arġentier (tad-deheb)]]
*[[Ark Ġeodetiku ta’ Struve|Ark Ġeodetiku ta' Struve]]
*[[Arkata Trijonfali ta' Orange]]
*[[Arkeoloġija]]
*[[Arkitett]]
*[[Arkitettura tas-Seklu 20 ta' Frank Lloyd Wright]]
*[[Arles]]
*[[Armata tat-Terrakotta]]
*[[Arslantepe]]
*[[Arti Paleolitika fl-Għerien tat-Tramuntana ta' Spanja]]
*[[Artiġjan]]
* [[Assisi]]
*[[Asuman Baytop]]
*[[Auschwitz]]
*[[Austin Camilleri]]
*[[Avukat]]

=== '''&lt;u&gt;B&lt;/u&gt;''' ===

* [[Baeza]]
* [[Bagan]]
*[[Baħar ta' Wadden]]
*[[Bajjad]]
*[[Barbier]]
*[[Bardejov]]
*[[Bartolomé de Escobedo]]
*[[Battir]]
*[[Baxkortostan]]
*[[Bażilika Ewfrasjana ta’ Poreč|Bażilika Ewfrasjana ta' Poreč]]
*[[Bażilika ta' San Eġidju]]
*[[Beatriz Carrillo]]
*[[Beemster]]
*[[Belt ta' New York]]
*[[Belt ta' Vicenza u l-Vilel ta' Palladio fil-Veneto|Belt ta' Viċenza u l-Vilel ta' Palladio fil-Veneto]]
*[[Bennej]]
*[[Bernard Grech]]
*[[Bidwi]]
*[[Bieb il-Belt]]
*[[Borobudur]]
*[[Brook Taylor]]
*[[Brú na Bóinne]]
*[[Bucha]]
*[[Bukhara]]
*[[Buskett]]
*[[Butrint]]

=== '''&lt;u&gt;Ċ/C&lt;/u&gt;''' ===

* [[Calakmul]]
* [[Canaletto]]
* [[Caral]]
* [[Carcassonne]]
*[[Carl Bosch]]
*[[Carla Fracci]]
*[[Caroline Mikkelsen]]
*[[Casco Viejo, il-Panama]]
*[[Castel del Monte, Puglia]]
*[[Çatalhöyük]]
*[[Ċensu Apap]]
*[[Český Krumlov]]
*[[Ċetta Chevalier]]
*[[Chaîne des Puys]]
*[[Changdeokgung]]
*[[Charles Jean de la Vallée-Poussin]]
*[[Charles-Amédée-Philippe van Loo]]
*[[Charles Nicolle]]
*[[Charlie Watts]]
*[[Chersonesus Tawrika]]
*[[Chichén Itzá]]
*[[Chilehaus]]
*[[Choirokoitia]]
*[[Christiansfeld]]
*[[Christopher Polhem]]
*[[Ċikli ta' affreski tas-seklu 14 ta' Padova]]
*[[Cinque Terre]]
*[[Ċirkewwa]]
*[[Ċittadella Imperjali ta' Thăng Long]]
*[[Claude Joseph Rouget de Lisle]]
*[[Crespi d'Adda]]
*[[Cristofano Allori]]
*[[Cumalıkızık]]
*[[Cynthia Turner]]

=== '''&lt;u&gt;D&lt;/u&gt;''' ===

* [[Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit]]
*[[Dar ta’ Rietveld Schröder]]
*[[Delta tax-xmara Kızılırmak]]
*[[Dentist]]
*[[Denys Shmyhal]]
*[[Déodat Gratet de Dolomieu]]
*[[Diana, Prinċipessa ta' Wales]]
*[[Diga ta' Karakaya]]
*[[Dikjarazzjoni tal-Indipendenza tal-Ukrajna]]
*[[Dizzjunarju]]
*[[Djalett]]
*[[Djar Ewlenin ta' Victor Horta fi Brussell]]
*[[Dolċier]]
*[[Dolmen ta' Menga]]
*[[Dolmen ta' Viera]]
*[[Dolomiti]]
*[[Domenico Scarlatti]]
*[[Domowina]]
*[[Draginja Vuksanović-Stanković]]
*[[Dubrovnik]]
*[[Durmitor]]
* [[Dwejra]]

=== '''&lt;u&gt;E&lt;/u&gt;''' ===

* [[Edinburgu]]
* [[Efesu]]
* [[Eise Eisinga]]
*[[Ekonomista]]
*[[El Jadida]]
*[[El Torcal]]
*[[Elisha Graves Otis]]
*[[Emil Nolde]]
*[[Emma Andrijewska]]
*[[Emma Muscat]]
*[[Ernst Schröder]]
*[[Esperantoloġija]]
*[[Estrazzjoni terminoloġika]]
*[[Eugenija Šimkūnaitė]]
*[[Eugenio Montale]]
*[[Eva Ahnert-Rohlfs]]
*[[Evelyn Bonaci]]
*[[Ewropa tal-Lvant]]

=== '''&lt;u&gt;F&lt;/u&gt;''' ===

* [[Fabbrika ta' Fagus]]
* [[Fabbrika ta' Van Nelle]]
* [[Fabbrika tal-Azzar ta' Völklingen]]
* [[Fabbrika tal-Ħadid ta' Engelsberg]]
* [[Fanal ta' Cordouan]]
*[[Femminiżmu tar-Rom]]
*[[Fenno-Skandinavja]]
*[[Ferrara]]
*[[Festival ta' Sanremo]]
*[[Firenze]]
*[[Fjords Norveġiżi tal-Punent]]
*[[Flora Martirosian]]
*[[Fondoq ta' Ironbridge]]
*[[Foresti Antiki u Primordjali tal-Fagu tal-Karpazji u ta' Reġjuni Oħra tal-Ewropa]]
*[[Foresti Tropikali ta' Gondwana]]
* [[Forti ta' Agra]]
*[[Forti ta' Bahla]]
*[[Fortifikazzjonijiet ta’ Kotor|Fortifikazzjonijiet ta' Kotor]]
*[[Fortifikazzjonijiet ta' Vauban]]
*[[Fortijiet fl-Għoljiet ta' Rajasthan]]
*[[Fortizza ta' Diyarbakır]]
*[[Fotografu]]
*[[Francesco Guardi]]
*[[François-Alphonse Forel]]
*[[François Couperin]]
*[[Franġisk Zahra]]
*[[Franz Ritter von Hauer]]
*[[Frédéric Bartholdi]]
*[[Fritz Albert Lipmann]]
* [[Frott]]
* [[Fruntieri Rumani tad-Danubju]]
* [[Fruntieri tal-Imperu Ruman]]
*[[Furnar]]

=== '''&lt;u&gt;Ġ&lt;/u&gt;''' ===

* [[Ġardinar]]
*[[Ġebla ta' Rosetta]]
* [[Ġebla tal-Ġeneral]]
* [[Ġeoloġija]]
* [[Ġibjun ta' Kiev]]
* [[Ġnien Botaniku ta' Padova]]
* [[Ġonna ta' Hevsel]]
*[[Ġurnalist]]

=== '''&lt;u&gt;G&lt;/u&gt;''' ===

* [[Gammelstad]]
* [[Genova: It-Toroq Ġodda u s-Sistema tal-Palazzi tal-Listi]]
*[[Georg Ohm]]
*[[George Gallup]]
*[[Georges Bernanos]]
*[[Georges J.F. Kohler]]
*[[Gerbrand van den Eeckhout]]
*[[Getbol, il-Pjanuri tal-Marea tal-Korea t'Isfel]]
*[[Giacomo Zanella]]
*[[Giampiero Galeazzi]]
*[[Gianni Vella]]
*[[Giorgio Vasari]]
*[[Giosuè Carducci]]
*[[Giovanni Arduino]]
*[[Giovanni Battista Belzoni]]
*[[Giovanni Paisiello]]
*[[Giovanni Papini]]
*[[Giulio Natta]]
*[[Gjirokastër]]
*[[Glossarju]]
*[[Göbekli Tepe]]
*[[Gösta Mittag-Leffler]]
*[[Grand Place, Brussell]]
*[[Graz]]
*[[Grazia Deledda]]
*[[Gregorio Allegri]]
*[[Gremxula ta' Malta]]
*[[Grotta ta' Chauvet]]
*[[Grupp ta' Monumenti ta' Khajuraho]]
*[[Guillaume Cornelis van Beverloo]]
*[[Gustave Charpentier]]
* [[Gżejjer Eolji]]
* [[Gżejjer Falkland]]
* [[Gżejjer Galapagos]]
*[[Gżira ta' Jeju]]
*[[Gżira tal-Mużewijiet]]

=== '''&lt;u&gt;GĦ&lt;/u&gt;''' ===

* [[Għajn Tuffieħa]]
* [[Għalliem]]
*[[Għar Dalam]]
*[[Għar ta' Altamira]]
*[[Għar ta' Karain]]
*[[Għar tal-Irħam]]
*[[Għarb]]
*[[Għerien ta’ Škocjan|Għerien ta' Škocjan]]
*[[Għerien u Arti tal-Era Glaċjali fil-Jura tas-Swabja]]
*[[Għoljiet, Djar u Kantini ta' Champagne]]
*[[Għoljiet Sagri ta' Piemonte u ta' Lombardia]]
*[[Għoljiet ta' Donets]]
*[[Għoljiet tal-Prosecco ta' Conegliano u Valdobbiadene]]

=== '''&lt;u&gt;H&lt;/u&gt;''' ===

* [[Hagia Sophia]]
* [[Hallstatt]]
*[[Hans Geiger]]
*[[Hans Memling]]
*[[Hans Spemann]]
*[[Hatı Çırpan]]
*[[Hattusha]]
*[[Heinrich Hertz]]
*[[Henri Fantin-Latour]]
*[[Hermannus Contractus]]
*[[Hideki Shirakawa]]
*[[Hildesheim]]
*[[Holašovice]]
*[[Hospicio Cabañas]]
*[[Hospital de Sant Pau]]
*[[Hovgården]]
*[[Howard Carter]]
*[[Hryhorii Kvitka-Osnovianenko]]
*[[Hubert de Givenchy]]

=== '''&lt;u&gt;Ħ&lt;/u&gt;''' ===

* [[Ħaġar ta' Jelling]]
*[[Ħajt il-Kbir taċ-Ċina]]
*[[Ħitan Rumani ta' Lugo]]

=== '''&lt;u&gt;I&lt;/u&gt;''' ===

* [[Idrija]]
* [[Impjant Nukleari ta' Zaporizhzhia]]
*[[Impjant tal-Ippompjar bl-Istim ta' Wouda]]
*[[Inara Luigas]]
*[[Inċiżjonijiet fuq il-Blat f’Valcamonica|Inċiżjonijiet fuq il-Blat f'Valcamonica]]
*[[Indiċi]]
*[[Ingredjent]]
*[[Intaljatur]]
*[[Ipoġew ta’ Ħal Saflieni|Ipoġew ta' Ħal Saflieni]]
* [[Ipproċessar testwali]]
* [[Irħula Kbar bi Spa fl-Ewropa]]
* [[Irpin]]
*[[Isabella d'Este]]
*[[ISBN]]
*[[Istmu Kuronjan]]
*[[Ivan Turgenev]]
*[[Ivrea]]

=== '''&lt;u&gt;J&lt;/u&gt;''' ===

* [[Jacinto Benavente]]
*[[Jantar Mantar, Jaipur]]
*[[Jean Antoine Houdon]]
*[[Jean Dieudonné]]
*[[Jean Picard]]
*[[Johan Jensen]]
*[[John Edward Critien]]
*[[John Kendrew]]
*[[John Strutt Rayleigh]]
*[[Jongmyo]]
*[[Jørgen Pedersen Gram]]
*[[Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac]]
*[[Jože Plečnik]]
*[[Julia Malinova]]
*[[Júlia Sigmond]]
*[[Julius Wagner-Jauregg]]
*[[Jum il-Ġifa]]
*[[Jum il-Lingwa Erżjana]]
*[[Jum l-Ewropa]]

=== '''&lt;u&gt;K&lt;/u&gt;''' ===

* [[Kaja Kallas]]
*[[Kalwaria Zebrzydowska]]
*[[Kampnari tal-Belġju u ta' Franza]]
*[[Kappella]]
*[[Karl Ferdinand Braun]]
*[[Karl Weierstrass]]
*[[Kastell ta’ Kroměříž|Kastell ta' Kroměříž]]
*[[Kastell ta' Kronborg]]
*[[Kastell ta’ Litomyšl|Kastell ta' Litomyšl]]
*[[Kastell ta’ Malbork|Kastell ta' Malbork]]
*[[Kastell ta' Spiš]]
*[[Kastell ta' Wartburg]]
*[[Kastelli ta' Augustusburg u Falkenlust fi Brühl]]
*[[Kastelli ta' Bellinzona]]
*[[Katarina Vitale]]
* [[Katidral]]
*[[Katidral ta' Aachen]]
*[[Katidral ta' Köln]]
*[[Katidral ta' Naumburg]]
*[[Katidral ta' Santa Sofija (Kiev)]]
*[[Katidral ta’ Šibenik|Katidral ta' Šibenik]]
*[[Katidral ta' Tournai]]
*[[Katina Muntanjuża ta’ Meskheti]]
*[[Kauksi Ülle]]
* [[Kavallier ta’ San Ġakbu|Kavallier ta' San Ġakbu]]
*[[Kelma]]
*[[Kernavė]]
*[[Khiva]]
*[[Kinderdijk]]
*[[Kirurgu]]
*[[Kladruby nad Labem]]
* [[Klima ta' Malta]]
*[[Knejjes Impittrin fir-Reġjun ta’ Troodos|Knejjes Impittrin fir-Reġjun ta' Troodos]]
*[[Knejjes Rumaneski Katalani tal-Vall de Boí]]
*[[Knejjes tal-Injam tal-Karpazji Slovakki]]
*[[Knejjes tal-Injam tan-Nofsinhar ta’ Małopolskie]]
*[[Knejjes tal-Moldavja]]
*[[Knejjes tal-Paċi]]
*[[Knejjes u Kunventi ta' Goa]]
*[[Knisja ta' Santa Marija tal-Grazzji (Milan)|Knisja ta' Santa Marija tal-Grazzji, Milan]]
*[[Knisja ta' San Nikola tas-Saqaf]]
*[[Knisja tal-Paċi fi Świdnica]]
*[[Knisja tal-Pellegrinaġġ ta' San Ġwann ta' Nepomuk|Knisja tal-Pellegrinaġġ ta’ San Ġwann ta' Nepomuk]]
*[[Knisja tal-Pellegrinaġġi ta' Wies]]
*[[Knisja tal-Verġni Marija ta' Arakos]]
*[[Knisja tal-Vitorja]]
*[[Kok]]
*[[Kolomenskoye]]
*[[Kolonja tal-Artisti ta' Darmstadt]]
*[[Kolonna tat-Trinità Mqaddsa, Olomouc]]
* [[Kolossew]]
*[[Konversazzjoni]]
*[[Korfù]]
*[[Kosta Ġurassika]]
*[[Kosta ta' Amalfi]]
*[[Kostituzzjoni ta’ Malta|Kostituzzjoni ta' Malta]]
*[[Krater ta' Logoisk]]
*[[Kremlin ta' Kazan]]
*[[Kremlin ta’ Moska|Kremlin ta' Moska]]
*[[Krzemionki]]
*[[Kumpanija Ferrovjarja Retika]]
*[[Kunvent Benedittin ta' San Ġwann f'Müstair]]
*[[Kunvent ta' Spiš]]
*[[Kunvent ta’ Novodevichy|Kunvent ta' Novodevichy]]
*[[Kutná Hora]]

=== '''&lt;u&gt;L&lt;/u&gt;''' ===

* [[L-Arti]]
* [[Lagi ta' Willandra]]
*[[Landier]]
*[[Lapponja Żvediża]]
*[[Las Médulas]]
*[[Lascaux]]
*[[Lavra tat-Trinità ta' San Serġjo]]
*[[Lazzaro Pisani]]
*[[Lessikoloġija]]
* [[Lessiku]]
* [[Letoon]]
* [[Levoča, il-Kastell ta' Spiš u l-monumenti kulturali assoċjati]]
* [[Liftijiet Idrawliċi tal-Canal du Centre]]
*[[Lika Kavzharadze]]
*[[Lingwa Erżjana]]
*[[Linja ferrovjarja ta’ Semmering|Linja ferrovjarja ta' Semmering]]
*[[Linji ta' Nazca]]
*[[Linji tal-Ilma Difensivi Olandiżi]]
*[[Lista ta’ binjiet ta’ Gaudí]]
*[[Lista ta' Membri tal-Parlament ta' Malta, 2017–2022]]
*[[Lista ta' peniżoli]]
*[[Lista ta' Siti ta' Wirt Dinji f'Ċipru]]
*[[Lista ta' Siti ta' Wirt Dinji f'Malta]]
*[[Lista ta' Siti ta' Wirt Dinji taċ-Ċekja|Lista ta' Siti ta' Wirt Dinji fiċ-Ċekja]]
*[[Lista ta' Siti ta' Wirt Dinji fil-Bożnija-Ħerzegovina]]
*[[Lista ta' Siti ta' Wirt Dinji fil-Każakistan]]
*[[Lista ta' Siti ta' Wirt Dinji fil-Kroazja]]
*[[Lista ta' Siti ta' Wirt Dinji fil-Latvja]]
*[[Lista ta' Siti ta' Wirt Dinji fil-Litwanja]]
*[[Lista ta' Siti ta' Wirt Dinji fil-Maċedonja ta' Fuq]]
*[[Lista ta' Siti ta' Wirt Dinji fil-Montenegro]]
*[[Lista ta' Siti ta' Wirt Dinji fil-Polonja]]
*[[Lista ta' Siti ta' Wirt Dinji fis-Slovenja]]
*[[Lista ta' Siti ta' Wirt Dinji fit-Turkija]]
*[[Lista ta' Siti ta' Wirt Dinji fl-Awstrija]]
*[[Lista ta' Siti ta' Wirt Dinji fl-Estonja]]
*[[Lista ta' Siti ta' Wirt Dinji fl-Iran]]
*[[Lista ta' Siti ta' Wirt Dinji fl-Irlanda]]
*[[Lista ta' Siti ta' Wirt Dinji fl-Italja]]
*[[Lista ta' Siti ta' Wirt Dinji fl-Ukrajna]]
*[[Loġġa tal-Ħarir]]
*[[Longobardi fl-Italja: Postijiet tal-Poter (568-774 W.K.)]]
*[[Lorenzo de' Medici]]
*[[Lorenzo Valla]]
*[[Lucavsala]]
*[[Lučka Kajfež Bogataj]]
*[[Ludovico Carracci]]
*[[Luigi Boccherini]]
*[[Luigi Pirandello]]
*[[Lumbini]]
*[[Lviv]]

=== '''&lt;u&gt;M&lt;/u&gt;''' ===

* [[Machu Picchu]]
*[[Mafkar tal-Paċi ta' Hiroshima]]
* [[Malta taħt il-Franċiżi]]
*[[Maltin]]
*[[Måneskin]]
*[[Manhush]]
*[[Manto Mavrogenous]]
*[[Mantova]]
*[[Maria De Filippi]]
*[[Maria Dobroniega ta' Kiev]]
*[[Mario Draghi]]
*[[Martinu I ta' Sqallija]]
*[[Mary Moser]]
*[[Mawżolew ta’ Khoja Ahmed Yasawi]]
*[[Meteora]]
*[[Michael Refalo]]
*[[Mikhail Ostrogradsky]]
*[[Milan]]
*[[Mina tal-Imħabba ta' Klevan]]
*[[Minjiera Storika tal-Fidda f'Tarnowskie Góry]]
*[[Minjiera tal-Melħ ta’ Wieliczka]]
*[[Minjiera tar-Ram ta' Falun]]
*[[Minjieri taż-Żnied Neolitiċi ta' Spiennes]]
*[[Mira Alečković]]
*[[Mirella Freni]]
*[[Modena]]
*[[Monasteri ta' Yuso u ta' Suso]]
*[[Monasteru ta’ Gračanica|Monasteru ta' Gračanica]]
*[[Monasteru ta' Poblet]]
*[[Monasteru tal-Ġlormini]]
*[[Monasteru Rjali ta' Santa Marija ta' Guadalupe]]
*[[Monasteru ta' Voroneț]]
*[[Monika Kryemadhi]]
*[[Mont-Saint-Michel]]
*[[Monte San Giorgio]]
* [[Monument]]
* [[Monumenti Rumani, il-Katidral ta' San Pietru u l-Knisja tal-Madonna fi Trier]]
* [[Monumenti Storiċi f'Novgorod u fl-Inħawi]]
* [[Monumenti Storiċi ta' Kjoto Antika (Bliet ta' Kjoto, Uji u Ōtsu)]]
*[[Monumenti Storiċi ta' Nara]]
*[[Moritz Cantor]]
*[[Moskea l-Kbira u Sptar ta' Divriği]]
*[[Moskea ta’ Selimiye, Edirne]]
*[[Motoori Norinaga]]
*[[Muħammed]]
*[[Muniċipju ta' Bremen]]
*[[Muntanji tal-Krimea]]
*[[Mużew ta' Plantin-Moretus]]
*[[Mużew ta' Trojja]]
*[[Mystras]]

=== '''&lt;u&gt;N&lt;/u&gt;''' ===

* [[Nadur]]
* [[Nagorno-Karabakh]]
* [[Naħla tal-għasel ta' Malta]]
* [[Nancy]]
*[[Napli]]
*[[Nataliya Kobrynska]]
*[[Nekropoli ta' Monterozzi]]
*[[Nemrut Dağı]]
*[[New Secret (jott)]]
*[[Nexhmije Pagarusha]]
*[[Nicolas-Claude Fabri de Peiresc]]
*[[Nicolas-Joseph Cugnot]]
*[[Nicolau Coelho]]
*[[Nikkō]]
*[[Nisa (Turkmenistan)]]
*[[Nisa f’Malta]]
*[[Nisa fl-elezzjonijiet ġenerali ta’ Malta]]
*[[Norman Morrison]]
*[[Nutar]]

=== '''&lt;u&gt;O&lt;/u&gt;''' ===

* [[Olga Tass]]
*[[Olimpja]]
*[[Oplontis]]
*[[Opri Venezjani tad-Difiża bejn is-sekli 15 u 17: Stato da Terra – Stato da Mar tal-Punent]]
*[[Oqbra imperjali tad-dinastiji Ming u Qing]]
*[[Ortografija Litwana]]
*[[Osservatorju ta' Jodrell Bank]]
*[[Otto Toeplitz]]

=== '''&lt;u&gt;P&lt;/u&gt;''' ===

* [[Pajsaġġ Agrikolu tan-Nofsinhar ta' Öland]]
* [[Pajsaġġ Industrijali ta' Blaenavon]]
* [[Pajsaġġ Kulturali ta’ Lednice-Valtice]]
* [[Pajsaġġ tal-Kaċċa Medjevali fit-Tramuntana ta' Zealand]]
* [[Pajsaġġ tal-Vinji ta' Piemonte: Langhe-Roero u Monferrato]]
* [[Pajsaġġ tax-Xogħol fil-Minjieri ta' Cornwall u l-Punent ta' Devon]]
*[[Palazz Irjali ta' Caserta]]
*[[Palazz ta’ Djoklezjanu|Palazz ta' Djoklezjanu]]
*[[Palazz ta' Drottningholm]]
*[[Palazz ta' Fontainebleau]]
*[[Palazz ta’ Schönbrunn|Palazz ta' Schönbrunn]]
*[[Palazz ta’ Stoclet|Palazz ta' Stoclet]]
*[[Palazz ta' Versailles]]
*[[Palazzi u Parks ta' Potsdam u Berlin]]
*[[Palenque]]
*[[Palermo Għarbija-Normanna u l-Katidrali ta' Cefalù u Monreale]]
*[[Palestina]]
*[[Palianytsia]]
*[[Pamukkale]]
*[[Panamá Viejo]]
*[[Parmigianino]]
*[[Park Irjali ta' Studley]]
*[[Park Naturali Nazzjonali tal-Karpazji]]
*[[Park Nazzjonali Storiku ta' Göreme]]
*[[Park Nazzjonali ta’ Belovezhskaya Pushcha]]
*[[Park Nazzjonali ta' Chitwan]]
*[[Park Nazzjonali ta' Cilento, Vallo di Diano u Alburni]]
*[[Park Nazzjonali ta’ Fertő-Hanság]]
*[[Park Nazzjonali ta' Garajonay]]
*[[Park Nazzjonali ta' Komodo]]
*[[Park Nazzjonali ta' Sagarmatha]]
*[[Park Nazzjonali ta' Teide]]
*[[Park Nazzjonali ta' Ujung Kulon]]
*[[Park Nazzjonali tal-Għerien ta' Naracoorte]]
*[[Park Nazzjonali tal-Lagi ta’ Plitvice]]
*[[Park Storiku ta' Ayutthaya]]
*[[Park ta’ Muskau|Park ta' Muskau]]
*[[Parrukkier]]
*[[Paulo Coelho]]
*[[Pavlo Lee]]
*[[Pellegrinaġġ ta’ San Ġakbu]]
*[[Peña de los Enamorados]]
*[[Peniżola]]
*[[Pergamon]]
*[[Petra]]
*[[Philipp Otto Runge]]
*[[Pienza]]
*[[Piero Angela]]
*[[Pierre Fatou]]
*[[Pietro Longhi]]
*[[Pjanura ta’ Stari Grad]]
*[[Pjazza]]
* [[Pjazza tal-Mirakli]]
*[[Plamer]]
*[[Politika]]
*[[Pont Antik ta’ Mostar]]
*[[Pont ta' Forth]]
*[[Pont ta' Malabadi]]
*[[Pont ta' Mehmed Paša Sokolović]]
*[[Pont ta' Vizcaya]]
*[[Porfirio Barba-Jacob]]
*[[Port ta’ Marsamxett]]
*[[Porta Nigra]]
*[[Portiċi ta' Bologna]]
*[[Pożati]]
*[[Professjoni]]
*[[Provins]]

=== '''&lt;u&gt;Q&lt;/u&gt;''' ===

* [[Qala (Għawdex)]]
* [[Qalhat]]
* [[Il-Qtugħ ir-Ras ta’ San Ġwann|Qtugħ ir-Ras ta’ San Ġwann Battista (Caravaggio)]]
* [[Quedlinburg]]
* [[Quseir Amra]]
* [[Qutb Minar]]

=== '''&lt;u&gt;R&lt;/u&gt;''' ===

* [[Ravenna]]
* [[Reġjun Naturali, Kulturali u Storiku ta’ Kotor]]
* [[Reġjun tal-Estrazzjoni tal-Minerali ta' Erzgebirge/Krušnohoří]]
*[[Reichenau]]
*[[Relattività (Maurits Cornelis Escher)]]
*[[Rembrandt]]
*[[Renata Scotto]]
*[[Renju tal-Ġonna ta' Dessau-Wörlitz]]
*[[Repubblika Sovjetika ta’ Don|Repubblika Sovjetika ta' Don]]
*[[Residenza tal-Metropolitani ta' Bukovina u tad-Dalmazja]]
*[[Residenzi tal-Familja Savoia]]
*[[Residenzi tal-Moderniżmu f'Berlin]]
*[[Rewwixta tal-Qassisin]]
*[[Riga]]
*[[Riversleigh]]
*[[Riżerva Naturali ta' Bashkiriya]]
*[[Riżerva Naturali ta’ Kaniv]]
*[[Riżerva Naturali ta’ Yulen]]
*[[Riżerva Naturali tal-Flora fil-Ġibs]]
*[[Riżerva tal-Bijosfera tal-Friefet Monarki]]
*[[Riżerva tal-Bijosfera Transkonfinali Ohrid-Prespa]]
*[[Robert Wilhelm Bunsen]]
* [[Roi Mata]]
* [[Ronald Searle]]
* [[Rotot ta’ Santiago de Compostela fi Franza]]
* [[Róža Domašcyna]]
*[[Rudolf Diesel]]
*[[Ruggiero Leoncavallo]]

=== '''&lt;u&gt;S&lt;/u&gt;''' ===

* [[Safranbolu]]
* [[Saint-Émilion]]
* [[Sajjied]]
*[[Sala taċ-Ċentenarju]]
*[[Salamanca]]
*[[Salvatore Accardo]]
*[[Salzburg]]
*[[Samantha Cristoforetti]]
*[[Samarkanda]]
*[[San Gimignano]]
*[[San Lawrenz (Għawdex)]]
*[[San Pietruburgu]]
*[[Sandra Mondaini]]
*[[Sandro Botticelli]]
*[[Sangiran]]
*[[Santiago de Compostela]]
*[[Santwarju ta' Bom Jesus do Monte]]
*[[Santwarju ta' Itsukushima]]
* [[Saryarka]]
* [[Sassi ta' Matera]]
*[[Schokland]]
*[[Seba’ Għeġubijiet Ġodda tad-Dinja]]
*[[Sebastian Brant]]
*[[Sengħa]]
*[[Seokguram]]
*[[Seowon]]
*[[Severo Ochoa]]
*[[Shahrisabz]]
*[[Sian Ka'an]]
*[[Sidney Webb]]
*[[Siena]]
*[[Siracusa]]
*[[Sistema tal-Ġestjoni tal-Ilma ta' Augsburg]]
*[[Sit Arkeoloġiku ta' Atapuerca]]
*[[Sit Arkeoloġiku ta’ Paphos]]
* [[Sit ta' Wirt Dinji]]
*[[Sit tad-Dolmens ta' Antequera]]
*[[Siti Arkeoloġiċi ta' Tarraco]]
*[[Siti Awstraljani tal-Fossili tal-Mammiferi]]
*[[Siti Ewlenin tal-Estrazzjoni fil-Wallonja]]
*[[Siti Penitenzjarji Awstraljani]]
*[[Siti preistoriċi bil-puntali madwar l-Alpi|Siti Preistoriċi bil-Puntali Madwar l-Alpi]]
*[[Skarpan]]
*[[Skellig Michael]]
*[[Skogskyrkogården]]
*[[Skoll il-Kbir tal-Qroll]]
*[[Skoll tal-Qroll ta' New Caledonia]]
*[[Skrivan]]
*[[Sophie Germain]]
*[[Speicherstadt]]
*[[Sputnik 5]]
*[[Statwa]]
*[[Statwa ta' Roland ta' Bremen]]
*[[Statwa tal-Libertà]]
*[[Stazzjon ta' Chhatrapati Shivaji]]
*[[Stazzjon tar-Radju ta' Grimeton]]
*[[Stećak]]
*[[Stevns Klint]]
*[[Stonehenge]]
*[[Su Nuraxi]]
*[[Suq Ċentrali ta' Ljubljana]]

=== '''&lt;u&gt;T&lt;/u&gt;''' ===

* [[Ta' Bakkja]]
* [[Ta' Kandja]]
*[[Tabib]]
*[[Taħdit]]
*[[Taj Mahal]]
*[[Tallinn]]
*[[Tarraco]]
*[[Teatru Akkademiku Reġjonali ta' Donetsk]]
*[[Teatru Antik ta’ Epidaurus|Teatru Antik ta' Epidaurus]]
*[[Teatru Rjal]]
*[[Teatru Ruman ta' Orange]]
*[[Teatru tal-Opri Margravjali]]
*[[Tekniku]]
*[[Telč]]
* [[Tempji Megalitiċi ta’ Malta u Għawdex|Tempji Megalitiċi ta' Malta u Għawdex]]
*[[Tempju ta' Apollo Epikurju f’Bassae|Tempju ta' Apollo Epikurju f'Bassae]]
*[[Tempju ta' Asklepju ta' Epidaurus]]
*[[Tempju ta' Haeinsa]]
*[[Tempju tal-Ġenna]]
* [[Terminoloġija]]
* [[Tetiana Ostashchenko]]
*[[Teżawru]]
*[[Tholos ta' El Romeral]]
*[[Thomas à Kempis]]
*[[Tian Shan]]
* [[Tieqa tad-Dwejra]]
* [[Tieqa tal-Wied il-Mielaħ]]
* [[Tikal]]
*[[Tinqix fuq il-Blat f'Tanum]]
*[[Tiryns]]
*[[Tlacotalpan]]
*[[TNMK]]
*[[Tobias Michael Carel Asser]]
*[[Tomaso Antonio Vitali]]
*[[Toroq tal-Ħarir: in-Network ta' Rotot tal-Kuritur ta' Chang'an-Tianshan]]
* [[Torri Mmejjel ta' Pisa]]
* [[Torri ta' Belém]]
*[[Torri ta' Erkole]]
*[[Toruń]]
*[[Třebíč]]
*[[Trogir]]
*[[Trojja]]
*[[Tropiċi Mistagħdra ta' Queensland]]
*[[Tserkva ta' Santa Marija, Owczary]]
*[[Tserkva ta' Santa Marija Omm Alla, Chotyniec]]
*[[Tserkva tal-Injam tal-Karpazji fil-Polonja u fl-Ukrajna]]
*[[Tutankhamun]]

=== '''&lt;u&gt;U&lt;/u&gt;''' ===

* [[Úbeda]]
* [[Ugo Foscolo]]
*[[Uluru]]
*[[Um er-Rasas]]
*[[UNESCO]]
*[[Unjoni Sovjetika]]
*[[Urbino]]
*[[Uxmal]]

=== '''&lt;u&gt;V&lt;/u&gt;''' ===

* [[Val d'Orcia]]
*[[Val di Noto]]
*[[Valentyna Radzymovska]]
*[[Valeria Bruni Tedeschi]]
*[[Vallée de Mai]]
*[[Velimir Khlebnikov]]
*[[Venera 7]]
*[[Verona]]
*[[Vincent van Gogh]]
*[[Vilel u Ġonna tal-Familja Medici]]
*[[Villa d'Este]]
*[[Villa Romana del Casale]]
*[[Villa ta' Adrijanu]]
*[[Villa Tugendhat]]
*[[Vilnius]]
*[[Visby]]
*[[Vitaliy Kim]]
*[[Vito Volterra]]
*[[Vittorio De Sica]]
*[[Vjenna]]
*[[Vladimir Ashkenazy]]
*[[Volodymyr Zelenskyy]]
*[[Võros]]
*[[Vulkan tat-Tajn ta’ Lökbatan]]

=== '''&lt;u&gt;W&lt;/u&gt;''' ===

* [[Wachau]]
*[[Wadi Rum]]
*[[Werrej]]
*[[Wied ta' Kathmandu]]
*[[Wied ta' Madriu-Perafita-Claror]]
*[[Wied tat-Tempji]]
*[[Wilhelm Grimm]]
*[[Wilhelm Röntgen]]
*[[Willem de Sitter]]
*[[William Boeing]]
*[[Wirt tal-Foresti Tropikali ta' Sumatra]]
*[[Wolfgang Paul]]

=== '''&lt;u&gt;X&lt;/u&gt;''' ===

* [[Xatt it-Tiben]]
*[[Xeff]]
*[[Xochicalco]]
*[[Xogħlijiet ta' Jože Plečnik f'Ljubljana – Disinn Urban Iċċentrat fuq il-Bniedem]]
*[[Xjenza spazjali]]

=== '''&lt;u&gt;Y&lt;/u&gt;''' ===

* [[Yagul]]
* [[Yeni-Kale]]
*[[Yuliya Gushchina]]
*[[Yuri Lysianskyi]]

=== '''&lt;u&gt;Ż&lt;/u&gt;''' ===

* [[Żiemel Abjad ta' Osmington]]
*[[Żona l-Kbira tal-Muntanji Blu]]
*[[Żona Protetta ta' Jungfrau-Aletsch]]
*[[Żona Protetta ta' Pliva, Janj u r-Riżerva ta' Janjske Otoke]]
*[[Żoni Storiċi ta' Baekje]]
*[[Żooloġija]]

=== '''&lt;u&gt;Z&lt;/u&gt;''' ===

* [[Zamość]]
* [[Ziba Ganiyeva]]
*[[Zofia Zamenhof]]
*[[Zollverein]]
*[[Zond 5]]</text>
      <sha1>pqczz97e14dr0z8m0i3cajfc5uxvvi1</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Pellegrinaġġ ta' San Ġakbu</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>25674</id>
    <revision>
      <id>279761</id>
      <parentid>279225</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-25T19:38:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Chrisportelli</username>
        <id>355</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Chrisportelli mexxa l-paġna [[Pellegrinaġġ ta’ San Ġakbu]] għal [[Pellegrinaġġ ta' San Ġakbu]]: [[:w:WP:'|WP:']]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="36924" xml:space="preserve">[[Stampa:Stjacquescompostelle1.png|daqsminuri|347x347px|Mappa tar-rotot Ewropej tal-Pellegrinaġġ ta’ San Ġakbu]]
Il-'''Pellegrinaġġ ta’ San Ġakbu''' jew '''Camino de Santiago''' (bil-[[Lingwa Latina|Latin]]: ''Peregrinatio Compostellana'') huwa network ta’ rotot u mogħdijiet tal-pellegrini jew pellegrinaġġi li kollha jwasslul għas-santwarju tal-appostlu San Ġakbu l-Kbir fil-katidral ta’ [[Santiago de Compostela]], fir-reġjun ta’ [[Galizia|Galizja]] fil-Majjistral ta’ [[Spanja]], fejn jingħad li l-appostlu jinsab midfun. Ħafna nies isegwu xi waħda minn dawn ir-rotot bħala forma ta’ eżerċizzju spiritwali jew irtir għat-tkabbir spiritwali tagħhom. Ir-rotot huma popolari wkoll ma’ dawk li jħobbu jimxu fin-natura jew inkella jmorru fil-kampanja bir-[[rota]] jew biż-[[żiemel]] waħedhom jew ma’ gruppi turistiċi.

Il-Camino Francés jew ir-Rotta minn Franza ilu [[Sit ta’ Wirt Dinji]] tal-[[UNESCO]] fi Spanja mill-1993 u fl-2015 ġie estiż bir-Rotot tat-Tramuntana ta’ Spanja wkoll.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/669|titlu=&quot;Routes of Santiago de Compostela: Camino Francés and Routes of Northern Spain&quot;. UNESCO.|aċċess=13-02-2021|kunjom=|isem=|koawturi=}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Starkie, Walter (1965) [1957]. ''The Roads to Santiago: Pilgrims of St. James''. University of California Press.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Pellegrinaġġ Kristjan ewlieni ==
[[Stampa:Catedral de Santiago de Compostela, agosto 2018 05.jpg|daqsminuri|Il-Katridral ta’ Santiago de Compostela, Spanja]]
Il-Pellegrinaġġ ta’ San Ġakbu kien wieħed mill-iktar pellegrinaġġi [[Kristjani]] importanti matul it-tieni parti tal-[[Medjuevu]], u min kien jagħmel dan il-pellegrinaġġ seta’ jikseb l-indulġenza plenarja.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Catholic_Encyclopedia_(1913)/Indulgences|titlu=Kent, William H. (1913). &quot;Indulgences&quot; . In Herbermann, Charles (ed.). Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company.|aċċess=13-02-2021|kunjom=|isem=|koawturi=}}&lt;/ref&gt; Fost il-pellegrinaġġi ewlenin l-oħra kien hemm il-''[[Via Francigena]]'' (il-Pellegrinaġġ ta’ [[San Franġisk t'Assisi|San Franġisk]]) lejn [[Ruma]] u l-pellegrinaġġ lejn [[Ġerusalemm]].

Stejjer leġġendarji jirrakkontaw li l-fdalijiet tal-katavru ta’ San Ġakbu ġew ittrasportati b’dgħajsa minn Ġerusalemm sat-Tramuntana ta’ Spanja, fejn l-appostlu jinsab midfun fil-belt Spanjola ta’ Santiago de Compostela. L-isem Santiago joriġina mill-evoluzzjoni lokali bil-Galizjan tal-Latin Vulgari ''Sancti Iacobi'', jiġifieri San Ġakbu.

Il-Pellegrinaġġ ta’ San Ġakbu fih diversi rotot u mogħdijiet differenti li jwasslu sa Santiago de Compostela. Tradizzjonalment, kif jagħmlu ħafna pellegrini, il-Pellegrinaġġ ta’ San Ġakbu jibda mid-dar tal-pellegrin u jispiċċa fil-katidral ta’ Santiago de Compostela. Minkejja dan, hemm għadd ta’ rotot jew mogħdijiet li jitqiesu bħala prinċipali. Matul il-Medjuevu, ħafna pellegrini kien jagħmlu l-pellegrinaġġ tul waħda mir-rotot jew mill-mogħdijiet. Madankollu, [[Pesta s-sewda|il-Pesta s-Sewda]], ir-[[Riforma Protestanta]], u l-irvelli politiċi fis-seklu 16 fl-[[Ewropa]] kienu wasslu biex ma tibqax daqshekk popolari. Fis-snin 80 tas-seklu 20, ftit mijiet ta’ pellegrini kienu jirreġistraw fl-uffiċċju tal-pellegrini f’Santiago de Compostela. F’Ottubru 1987, il-Pellegrinaġġ ta’ San Ġakbu ġie ddikjarat bħala l-ewwel [[Rotta Kulturali Ewropea]] mill-[[Kunsill tal-Ewropa]] u fl-1993 ġie ddikjarat bħala Sit ta’ Wirt Dinji tal-UNESCO. Minn dak iż-żmien ’l hawn, il-pellegrinaġġ kulma jmur beda jattira iktar u iktar pellegrini internazzjonali u turisti.

Kull meta [[Jum San Ġakbu]] (il-25 ta’ Lulju) jinzerta l-Ħadd, il-katidral ta’ Santiago de Compostela jiddikjara Sena Qaddisa jew tal-[[Ġublew]]. Skont meta jkun hemm sena bisestili, is-Sena tal-Ġublew taħbat kull ħames, sitta jew 11-il sena. L-iktar reċenti kienu l-1982, l-1993, l-1999 u l-2004 u issa jmiss l-2021, l-2027 u 2032.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140916050419/http://www.csj.org.uk/holy-years.htm|titlu=&quot;Holy Years at Santiago de Compostela&quot;|aċċess=13-02-2021|kunjom=|isem=|koawturi=}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Storja ==

=== Storja ta’ qabel il-Kristjaneżmu ===
[[Stampa:Burgos-Metal-Pilgrim-2010.jpg|daqsminuri|210x210px|[[Monument]] għall-pellegrini, f’[[Burgos]]]]
Ir-rotta prinċipali lejn Santiago de Compostela ssegwi rotta ta’ żmien ir-Rumani, li  kienet tibqa’ sejra sal-kosta [[Oċean Atlantiku|Atlantika]] ta’ Galizja, u tintemm f’Kap [[Finisterre]].  Għalkemm illum il-ġurnata nafu li l-Kap Finisterre, l-iktar punt fil-Punent ta’ Spanja, mhuwiex l-iktar punt fil-Punent tal-Ewropa ([[Cabo da Roca]] fil-[[Portugall]] huwa l-iktar punt fil-Punent tal-Ewropa kontinentali), il-fatt li r-Rumani kienu sejħulu ''Finisterrae'' (jiġifieri litteralment tmiem id-dinja bil-Latin) jindika li kienu jaħsbuha b’dak il-mod (li llum nafu li kien żbaljat). Fis-satra tal-lejl, [[Triq ta' Sant'Anna|it-Triq ta’ Sant’Anna]] fis-sema bħal donnha tindika fejn hi r-rotta, u għalhekk ir-rotta tal-Pellegrinaġġ ta’ San Ġakbu ngħatat il-laqam ta’ &quot;Voie lactée&quot; – it-Triq ta’ Sant’Anna bil-Franċiż.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061217160109/http://dspace.dial.pipex.com/telegraph/04camino/04000001.htm|titlu=&quot;Medieval footpath under the stars of the Milky Way&quot;. Telegraph Online. Arkivjat 17-12-2006.|aċċess=13-02-2021|kunjom=|isem=|koawturi=}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Arzella tal-pellegrini ===
L-arzella tal-pellegrina, li spiss tinstab fix-xtut tal-Galizja, ilha titqies bħala s-simbolu tal-Camino de Santiago. Matul is-sekli, l-arzella tal-pellegrini ngħatat diversi tifsiriet metaforiċi, prattiċi u mitiċi, anke jekk ir-rilevanza tagħha setgħet fil-fatt ġiet mix-xewqa tal-pellegrini li jkollhom tifkira x’jieħdu lura magħhom id-dar.

Żewġ verżjonijiet tal-iktar mit komuni dwar l-oriġini tas-simbolu għandhom x’jaqsmu mal-[[mewt]] ta’ San Ġakbu, li miet [[martri]] bil-qtugħ ir-ras f’Ġerusalemm fis-sena 44 W.K. Skont il-leġġendi Spanjoli, kien qatta’ xi żmien jipprietka l-[[Vanġelu]] fi Spanja, iżda reġa’ lura l-[[Ġudea]] wara li ra xbieha tal-Verġni Marija fix-xatt tax-xmara [[Ebro]].&lt;ref&gt;Chadwick, Henry (1976), ''Priscillian of Avila'', Oxford University Press.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Fletcher, Richard A. (1984), ''Saint James's Catapult : The Life and Times of Diego Gelmírez of Santiago de Compostela'', Oxford University Press.&lt;/ref&gt;

: Verżjoni 1: Wara li Ġakbu l-Kbir miet, id-dixxipli tiegħu ttrasportaw il-katavru tiegħu lejn il-[[Peniżola Iberika]] biex jindifen fil-post li issa jissejjaħ Santiago de Compostela. F’nofs ta’ baħar, lil hinn mill-kosta ta’ Spanja, maltempata qawwija ħakmet id-dgħajsa, u l-katavru ntilef fil-baħar. Madankollu, wara ftit żmien, il-mewġ tella’ l-katavru l-art, u dan instab mal-kosta mgħotti bl-arzelli tal-pellegrini.
: Verżjoni 2: Wara li Ġakbu l-Kbir miet, il-katavru tiegħu ġie ttrasportat b’dgħajsa mmexxija minn anġlu lejn il-Peniżola Iberika biex jindifen fil-post li issa jissejjaħ Santiago de Compostela. Kif id-dgħajsa bdiet toqrob lejn l-art, inzerta kien qed jiġi ċċelebrat tieġ ta’ żewġ żgħażagħ tul il-kosta. Iż-żagħżugħ miżżewweġ kien riekeb żiemel, u malli ż-żiemel lemaħ id-dgħajsa, sfratta lejn il-baħar biż-żagħżugħ b’kollox. Permezz ta’ miraklu, kemm iż-żiemel kif ukoll iż-żagħżugħ ħarġu mill-baħar ħajjin, miksija arzelli tal-pellegrini.&lt;ref&gt;Starkie, Walter (1965) [1957]. ''The Roads to Santiago: Pilgrims of St. James''. University of California Press.&lt;/ref&gt;

Mir-rabta tagħha mal-Camino, l-arzella tal-pellegrini bdiet tirrappreżenta l-pellegrinaġġ inġenerali, kemm lejn xi santwarju speċifiku kif ukoll lejn il-[[ġenna]], bħalma nsibu fil-[[Bibbja]] fil-Ktieb tal-Lhud 11:13, li jidentifika l-Kristjani “kienu barranin u għorba fuq l-art”.
[[Stampa:Vieira Camino de Santiago.jpg|xellug|daqsminuri|173x173px|Uħud mis-simboli tal-Pellegrinaġġ ta’ San Ġakbu]]
Bħala s-simbolu tal-Camino de Santiago, l-arzella tal-pellegrini tidher spiss ħafna tul ir-rotot u l-mogħdijiet tal-pellegrinaġġ bħala sinjal li l-pellegrini jsegwu biex ikunu jafu fejn iridu jmorru. Barra minn hekk, l-arzella spiss tinġarr fuq il-pellegrini stess li jkunu qed jagħmlu l-pellegrinaġġ lejn Santiago de Compostela. Il-biċċa l-kbira tal-pellegrini jirċievu jew jixtru arzella tal-pellegrini fil-bidu tal-pellegrinaġġ tagħhom u jew iħituha mal-ħwejjeġ jew mal-basket tagħhom, jew inkella jdendluha qisha ġiżirana m’għonqhom jew iwaħħluha ma xi zokk li jkunu qed jużaw bħala bastun.

Barra minn hekk, fl-antik l-arzella tal-pellegrini kienet taqdi rwol iktar prattiku għaliex kienet tintuża qisha skutella mill-pellegrini biex jixorbu minnha meta jgħaddu ħdejn xi għajn.

Matul il-Medjuevu, l-arzella tal-pellegrini kienet tintuża bħala prova li wieħed lesta l-pellegrinaġġ iktar milli simbolu li jintlibes waqt il-pellegrinaġġ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://followthecamino.com/en/blog/the-scallop-shell-and-other-symbols-of-the-camino/|titlu=“The Scallop Shell And Other Symbols of The Camino”. Follow the Camino.|aċċess=13-02-2021|kunjom=|isem=|koawturi=}}&lt;/ref&gt;

L-għasluġ tal-pellegrini kien simbolu ieħor tal-pellegrinaġġ li kien jintuża (u xi kultant għadu jintuża) mill-pellegrini bħala bastun fi triqithom lejn is-santwarju ta’ Santiago de Compostela fi Spanja. Ġeneralment, l-għasluġ kien ikun zokk b’qisu granpun fit-tarf tiegħu li miegħu l-pellegrini setgħu jwaħħlu xi ħaġa (pereżempju xi qargħa ħamra mnixxfa (simbolu ieħor tal-pellegrinaġġ) li kienu jużaw bħala kontenitur tal-ilma jew tal-inbid).&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://vivecamino.com/en/the-pilgrims-gourd-on-the-camino-de-santiago-no-654/|titlu=“The pilgrim's gourd on the Camino de Santiago” - Vive el Camino.|aċċess=13-02-2021|kunjom=|isem=|koawturi=}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Rotta Medjevali ===
[[Stampa:Códice Calixtino (Catedral de Santiago de Compostela).jpg|daqsminuri|195x195px|Il-''Codex Calixtinus'' fil-Katidral ta’ Santiago de Compostela]]
L-iktar żjarat bikrin fis-santwarju ddedikat lil San Ġakbu f’Santiago de Compostela jmorru lura għas-seklu 9 meta kien hemm ir-Renju tal-[[Asturjas]] u tal-Galizja. Il-pellegrinaġġ sas-santwarju sar l-iktar pellegrinaġġ magħruf fil-Medjuevu, u saret drawwa li kull min ilesti l-pellegrinaġġ u jerġa’ jaqbad triqtu lura d-dar jilbes arzella tal-pellegrini bħala prova li lesta l-pellegrinaġġ. Din il-prassi nbidlet ta’ taħt fuq iżda s-simbolu baqa’ jintuża u sar emblematiku.&lt;ref&gt;Waldron, Thomas (1979). &quot;The Sign of the Scallop Shell&quot;. ''The Furrow''. '''30''' (10): 646–649. &lt;/ref&gt;

L-ewwel pellegrini ddokumentati kienu ġew minn xi rħula qabel il-[[Pirinej]] u żaru s-santwarju f’nofs is-seklu 11, iżda milli jidher il-pellegrini bdew jiżdiedu sew għall-ħabta tas-seklu 12 meta bdew jiġu minn ferm iktar ’il bogħod. L-ewwel pellegrini ddokumentati li kienu ġew mill-Ingilterra wettqu l-pellegrinaġġ bejn l-1092 u l-1105. Madankollu, sal-bidu tas-seklu 12, il-pellegrinaġġ sar organizzat sew.

Wieħed mill-iktar figuri li ħeġġeġ il-pellegrinaġġ fis-seklu 12 kien il-[[Papa Kallistu II]], li beda s-Snin tal-Ġublew ta’ Compostela.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120301095104/http://www.caminoguides.com/history.html|titlu=&quot;Brief history: The Camino – past, present &amp; future&quot;. Arkivjat 01-03-2012.|aċċess=13-02-2021|kunjom=|isem=|koawturi=}}&lt;/ref&gt; Il-gwida uffiċjali ta’ dawk iż-żminijiet kien il-''[[Codex Calixtinus]]'' (il-Kodiċi ta’ Kallistu). Dan ġie ppubblikat lejn l-1140, u l-ħames ktieb tal-Kodiċi għadu jitqies bħala s-sors definittiv għal ħafna gwidi moderni. Erba’ rotot tal-pellegrinaġġ elenkati fil-Kodiċi joriġinaw fi Franza u jingħaqdu lkoll f’[[Puente la Reina]], Spanja. Minn hemmhekk, rotta prinċipali definita sew taqsam it-Tramuntana kollha ta’ Spanja u tgħaqqad flimkien il-bliet ta’ Burgos, [[Carrión de los Condes]], [[Sahagún]] (iċ-ċentru tal-Camino Francés), [[León]], [[Astorga]], u Santiago de Compostela.

Il-ħtiġijiet ta’ kuljum tal-pellegrini tul ir-rotta lejn Santiago de Compostela u lura kienu ssodisfati minn sensiela ta’ sptarijiet ta’ vera u oħrajn li kienu eks sptarijiet u kienu jintużaw qishom bereġ jew lukandi/hostels biex jilqgħu lill-pellegrini. Din l-idea ġiet żviluppata u għadha teżisti sa llum fejn hemm ħafna albergues li jilqgħu lill-pellegrini u jkopru l-ispejjeż bid-donazzjonijiet. Xi rħula tul il-Camino għad għandhom dan il-kunċett f’isimhom bħal pereżempju [[Hospital de Órbigo]]. L-“isptarijiet” jew ''albergues'' spiss kienu jkunu mmexxija mill-Ordnijiet Kattoliċi u kien ikollhom il-protezzjoni rjali.
[[Stampa:Jakobsweg - Pilger 1568 - Hurden IMG 5664.JPG|daqsminuri|248x248px|Il-pellegrini fil-Pellegrinaġġ ta’ San Ġakbu (1568)]]
L-arkitettura Romaneska, ġeneru ġdid ta’ arkitettura ekkleżjastika, kienet disinjata b’arkati kbar biex ilaħħqu mal-folol kbar ta’ pellegrini devoti.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://www.durhamworldheritagesite.com/learn/architecture/romanesque|titlu=&quot;Romanesque Architecture - Durham World Heritage Site&quot;. www.durhamworldheritagesite.com.|aċċess=13-02-2021|kunjom=|isem=|koawturi=}}&lt;/ref&gt; Għalkemm ħafna mill-pellegrini kienu jkunu foqra, xorta waħda tul ir-rotta kien ikun hemm ħwienet bħal dawk attwali li kienu jbigħu kull xorta ta’ tifkiriet, simboli u affarijiet bħal pereżempju l-arzella tal-pellegrini. Il-pellegrini spiss kienu jitolbu lil [[San Rokku]] u sa llum il-ġurnata tul ir-rotot għadek tara ħafna xbihat tiegħu bis-[[Salib ta’ San Ġakbu]].

Ir-rotot tal-pellegrinaġġ lejn Santiago de Compostela kienu possibbli minħabba l-protezzjoni u l-libertà pprovduta mir-Renju ta’ Franza, minn fejn kienu joriġinaw il-maġġoranza tal-pellegrini. Ħafna Franċiżi kummerċjanti (inkluż uħud minn Gascogne u minn inħawi oħra li ma kinux taħt il-kuruna Franċiża) bdew jgħixu fil-bliet u fl-irħula tul ir-rotot tal-pellegrinaġġ, kif nistgħu naraw mill-kunjomijiet li nstabu fl-arkivji. Il-pellegrini kienu jiġu milqugħa minn nies bħal [[Domingo de la Calzada]], li mbagħad sar [[qaddis]].

Il-pellegrini kienu jimxu tul il-Pellegrinaġġ ta’ San Ġakbu għal xhur jekk mhux għal snin sħaħ, qabel jaslu fil-pjazza ċentrali quddiem il-katidral ta’ San Ġakbu u jagħtu ġieħ lill-qaddis patrun tal-pellegrinaġġ. Ħafna kienu jaslu f’kundizzjonijiet finanzjarji u ta’ saħħa batuti ħafna minħabba l-mard jew is-serq jew minħabba t-tnejn li huma. Tradizzjonalment il-pellegrini jpoġġu idejhom fuq il-pilastru eżatt kif tidħol mill-bieb prinċipali tal-katidral, kif wieħed jista’ jixhed meta jara kif ittiekel il-pilastru tant hija prassi li ilha ssir għal żmien twil.&lt;ref&gt;Davies, Bethan; Cole, Ben (2003). ''Walking the Camino de Santiago''. Pili Pala Press. p. 179. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;0-9731698-0-X&lt;/bdi&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt;

L-isem popolar bl-[[Lingwa Spanjola|Ispanjol]] għat-Triq ta’ Sant’Anna fis-sema huwa ''El Camino de Santiago''. Skont leġġenda Medjevali, it-Triq ta’ Sant’Anna ffurmat mit-trab li qalgħu l-pellegrini.&lt;ref&gt;Bignami, Giovanni F. (26 March 2004). &quot;Visions of the Milky Way&quot;. ''Science''. '''303''' (5666): 1979. JSTOR 3836327. S2CID 191291730.&lt;/ref&gt; Leġġenda oħra tgħid li meta eremita ra kewkba tiddi qawwija fuq għolja ħdejn [[San Fiz de Solvio]], huwa għarraf lill-isqof ta’ [[Iria Flavia]], li sab qabar hemmhekk bi tliet katavri, u wieħed minnhom beda jingħad li kien ta’ San Ġakbu. Sussegwentement, il-post beda jissejjaħ “l-għalqa tal-kewkba” (''Campus Stellae'', li biż-żmien, x’aktarx kienet tiġi ppronunzjata ħażin u saret &quot;Compostela&quot;).&lt;ref&gt;Aruna Vasadevan (5 November 2013). &quot;Santiago de Compostela (La Coruña, Spain)&quot;.  In Trudy Ring; Noelle Watson; Paul Schellinger (eds.). ''Southern Europe: International Dictionary of Historic Places''. Taylor &amp; Francis. pp. 621–624. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-1-134-25965-6&lt;/bdi&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt; Leġġenda oħra dwar l-oriġini li tissemma fir-raba’ ktieb tal-''[[Ktieb ta’ San Ġakbu]]'' tirrakkonta kif il-qaddis deher lill-[[Karlu Manju]] f’ħolma, u ħeġġu biex jillibera l-qabar tiegħu mill-[[Musulmani]] billi wrieh kif jasal permezz tar-rotta tat-Triq ta’ Sant’Anna.

=== Bħala penitenza ===
Il-Knisja adottat sistema ta’ ritwali, magħrufa bħala penitenza, sabiex wieħed jindem u jpatti temporanjament għal dnubietu. Skont din is-sistema, il-pellegrinaġġi kienu forma adattata biex wieħed ipatti ta’ dnubietu b’penitenza temporanja, u dawn setgħu jintużaw bħala atti ta’ penitenza għal dawk li kienu jkun ħatja għal ċerti reati. Kif imsemmi fl-''Enċiklopedija Kattolika'':&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12085a.htm|titlu=&quot;Pilgrimages&quot;. New Advent Catholic Encyclopedia.|aċċess=13-02-2021|kunjom=|isem=|koawturi=}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;Fir-reġistri tal-[[Inkwiżizzjoni Spanjola|Inkwiżizzjoni]] f’[[Carcassone]]...insibu l-erba’ postijiet li ġejjin magħrufa bħala ċentri fejn isiru l-akbar pellegrinaġġi li jiġu imposti bħala penitenzi għar-reati l-iktar gravi: il-qabar tal-Appostli f’Ruma, is-santwarju ta’ San Ġakbu f’(Santiago de) Compostela, il-qabar ta’ San Tumas f’[[Canterbury]], u r-relikwi tat-[[Tliet Slaten Maġi]] f’[[Cologne]].&lt;/blockquote&gt;Fil-[[Fjandri]] għad hemm it-tradizzjoni li priġunier fis-sena jirċievi l-maħfra u jinħeles bil-patt u l-kundizzjoni li, akkumpanjat minn gwardja, il-priġunier jimxiha sa Santiago de Compostela b’basket tqil ma’ dahru.

=== Żmien l-Illuminazzjoni ===
Matul il-[[Gwerra totali|gwerra]] tal-[[Indipendenza Amerikana]], [[John Adams]] (li mbagħad sar it-tieni President Amerikan) irċieva l-ordni mill-Kungress biex imur [[Pariġi]] ħalli jikseb fondi għall-kawża. Waqt il-vjaġġ tiegħu bil-[[vapur]] fl-1779, beda dieħel l-ilma fil-vapur, allura kellu jiżbarka maż-żewġ uliedu subien f’Finisterre. Minn hemmhekk kompla tul ir-rotta tal-Pellegrinaġġ ta’ San Ġakbu bil-kontra sabiex jasal Pariġi bl-art minflok bil-baħar. Ma waqafx iżur il-belt ta’ Santiago de Compostela, u iktar ’il quddiem f’ħajtu tassew iddispjaċih ta’ dan. Fl-awtobijografija tiegħu, Adams jiddeskrivi d-drawwiet u l-akkomodazzjoni mogħtija lill-pellegrini ta’ San Ġakbu fis-seklu 18 u ddeskriva l-leġġendi li kien sema’ bihom matul il-vjaġġ tiegħu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=http://www.masshist.org/digitaladams/archive/doc?id=A2_1&amp;rec=sheet&amp;archive=autobiography&amp;hi=1&amp;numRecs=61&amp;tag=place&amp;num=10&amp;bc|titlu=&quot;John Adams autobiography, part 3, Peace, 1779–1780, sheet 10 of 18&quot;. Harvard University Press|aċċess=13-02-2021|kunjom=|isem=|koawturi=}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Il-proneputi ta’ Adams, l-istoriku [[Henry Adams]], żar León fost bliet Spanjoli oħra matul il-vjaġġ tiegħu fl-Ewropa bħala żagħżugħ, għalkemm ma għamilx il-pellegrinaġġ kollu.&lt;ref&gt;Henry Adams, The Education of Henry Adams.&lt;/ref&gt; Vjaġġatur ieħor tul il-Pellegrinaġġ ta’ San Ġakbu fi żmien l-Illuminazzjoni kien in-naturalista [[Alexander von Humboldt]].

== Pellegrinaġġ modern ==
[[Stampa:Muszla Jakuba.svg|daqsminuri|Simbolu modern tal-Pellegrinaġġ ta’ San Ġakbu]]
Minkejja li jingħad li l-Pellegrinaġġ ta’ San Ġakbu ilu jsir bla waqfien minn żmien il-Medjuevu, ma tantx hemm rakkonti ta’ pellegrinaġġi li saru fiż-żminijiet moderni għajr il-pubblikazzjoni tal-1957, ''The Road to Santiago'', tal-istudjuż tal-kultura Spanjola u l-vjaġġatur [[Walter Starkie]].&lt;ref&gt;Starkie, Walter (1965) [1957]. ''The Roads to Santiago: Pilgrims of St. James''. University of California Press.&lt;/ref&gt; L-azzjoni biex il-pellegrinaġġ jerġa’ jingħata l-ħajja kienet appoġġata mill-gvern Spanjol ta’ [[Francisco Franco]], li kien ħerqan ferm li jippromwovi l-istorja Kattolika ta’ Spanja. Jean Mitchell-Lanham fil-ktieb tiegħu saħansitra jikteb li l-Pellegrinaġġ ta’ San Ġakbu reġa’ kiseb il-popolarità li kellu fil-Medjuevu biss fis-snin 90 tas-seklu 20.&lt;ref&gt;Mitchell-Lanham, Jean (2015). ''The Lore of the Camino de Santiago: A Literary Pilgrimage''. Two Harbors Press. p. xv. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-1-63413-333-3&lt;/bdi&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt;

Minn dak iż-żmien ’l hawn, mijiet ta’ eluf (iktar minn 300,000 fl-2017&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://www.editorialbuencamino.com/estadistica-peregrinos-del-camino-de-santiago/|titlu=Erimatica. &quot;Estadística de peregrinos del Camino de Santiago a 2018&quot;. Camino de Santiago. Guía definitiva: etapas, albergues, rutas.|aċċess=13-02-2021|kunjom=|isem=|koawturi=}}&lt;/ref&gt;) ta’ pellegrini Kristjani u mhux saru jagħmlu dan il-pellegrinaġġ kull sena mid-djar tagħhom jew minn punti tat-tluq differenti madwar l-Ewropa, sa ma jaslu f’Santiago de Compostela. Il-biċċa l-kbira jivvjaġġaw bil-mixi, uħud bir-rota, u ftit jagħmlu bħalma kienu jagħmlu xi pellegrini tal-Medjuevu u jivvjaġġaw fuq żiemel jew [[ħmar]]. Apparti dawk li jagħmlu l-pellegrinaġġ għal skopijiet reliġjużi, oħrajn jagħmluh għax iħobbu jimxu fin-natura, oħrajn għaliex iħobbu jivvjaġġaw u jiskopru postijiet kulturali, u oħrajn iqisu l-esperjenza bħala rtir spirtwali mill-ħajja moderna.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060715142949/http://www.csj.org.uk/present.htm|titlu=&quot;The present-day pilgrimage&quot;. The Confraternity of Saint James. Arkivjat 15-07-2006.|aċċess=13-02-2021|kunjom=|isem=|koawturi=}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Rotot ===
Il-lista ta’ rotot tal-Pellegrinaġġ ta’ San Ġakbu hija tassew twila iżda dawn li ġejjin imma fost l-iktar popolari jew magħrufin.

Il-'''Camino Francés''', jew ir-Rotta Franċiża, hija l-iktar rotta popolari. L-aħħar parti tar-rotta hija wkoll il-[[Via Regia]]. Storikament, minħabba l-''Codex Calixtinus'', il-biċċa l-kbira tal-pellegrini kienu jiġu minn Franza: tipikament minn Arles, Le Puy, Pariġi, Vézelay, u uħud minn Saint Gilles. Cluny, il-post fejn hemm l-abbazija Medjevali famuża, kien punt tat-tluq ieħor importanti għall-pellegrini, u fl-2002 ġie integrat fir-rotta Ewropea tal-pellegrinaġġ li tikkollega lil Vézelay u Le Puy.

Il-maġġoranza tal-Ispanjoli jqisu l-fruntiera ma’ Franza fil-Pirinej, bħala l-punt tat-tluq naturali. L-iktar punt tat-tluq komuni bil-qabża fil-Camino Francés huwa Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port, fuq in-naħa Franċiża tal-Pirinej, b’[[Roncesvalles]] fuq in-naħa Spanjola hija punt tat-tluq popolari ieħor. Id-distanza minn Roncesvalles sa Santiago de Compostela li tgħaddi minn León hija madwar 800 kilometru.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=http://oficinadelperegrino.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/peregrinaciones2016.pdf|titlu=&quot;Informe estadístico Año 2016&quot; (PDF). Oficina del Peregrino de Santiago de Compostela.|aċċess=13-02-2021|kunjom=|isem=|koawturi=}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[Stampa:Wojnicz kosciol sw Leonarda 3.jpg|daqsminuri|307x307px|Wieħed mis-sinjali għall-pellegrini tul ir-rotot]]
Il-'''Camino Primitivo''', ir-Rotta Primittiva jew Oriġinali, hija l-iktar rotta antika li twassal għal Santiago de Compostela. Ilha teżisti mis-seklu 9 u tibda minn [[Oviedo]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=http://www.caminosantiagodecompostela.com/camino-de-santiago-primitivo/|titlu=&quot;Primitive Way-Camino de Santiago Primitivo&quot;|aċċess=13-02-2021|kunjom=|isem=|koawturi=}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Il-'''Camino Portugués''', jew ir-Rotta [[Portugall|Portugiża]], hija t-tieni l-iktar rotta popolari. Din tibda mill-katidral ta’ [[Liżbona]] (għal total ta’ madwar 610 kilometri) jew mill-katidral ta’ [[Porto]] fit-Tramuntana tal-Portugall (għal total ta’ madwar 227 km), u tagħti għall-Galizja minn [[Valença]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160630234156/http://www.csj.org.uk/planning-your-pilgrimage/routes-to-santiago/the-route-in-portugal/|titlu=The Confraternity of Saint James. &quot;The Camino Portugués&quot;. Arkivjat 30-06-2016.|aċċess=13-02-2021|kunjom=|isem=|koawturi=}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Il-'''Camino del Norte''', jew ir-Rotta tat-Tramuntana, jimxuha inqas nies u tibda fil-belt ta’ [[Irun]] fil-[[Pajjiż Bask]] fil-fruntiera ma’ Franza, jew xi kultant f’[[San Sebastián]]. Hija rotta inqas popolari minħabba t-tibdil fl-elevazzjoni, meta mqabbla mal-Camino Francés pereżempju li hija kważi kollha għall-wita. Ir-rotta ssegwi l-kosta tul il-[[Bajja ta’ Biskajja]] sa meta toqrob lejn Santiago de Compostela. Għalkemm ma tgħaddix minn wisq ċentri storiċi ta’ interess bħal fil-Camino Francés, iż-żiffa tal-baħar speċjalment fis-sajf tfisser li t-temperaturi jkunu iktar baxxi. Din ir-rotta jingħad li kienet l-ewwel waħda li użaw il-pellegrini biex jevitaw li jivvjaġġaw mit-territorji li kienu okkupati mill-Musulmani fil-Medjuevu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://caminoways.com/camino-del-norte|titlu=&quot;Camino del Norte&quot;. Camino Ways.|aċċess=13-02-2021|kunjom=|isem=|koawturi=}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ir-rotta tal-[[Ewropa Ċentrali]] reġgħet ħadet il-ħajja wara l-waqgħa tal-[[Ħajt ta’ Berlin]]. Ir-rotot Medjevali bħall-Camino Baltico (ir-Rotta Baltika) u l-Via Regia fil-[[Polonja]] jgħaddu mit-territorju li llum jagħmel parti mill-Polonja u jibdew iktar ’il fuq u lejn il-Lvant, saħansitra mill-Istati Baltiċi u l-[[Ukrajna]].&lt;ref&gt;''Camino Polaco. Teologia - Sztuka - Historia - Teraźniejszość'' - Edited by Fr. dr. Piotr Roszak and professor dr. Waldemar Rozynkowski. published by Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Mikołaja Kopernika (Toruń); volume 1 (2014), volume 2 (2015), volume 3 (2016).&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Akkomodazzjoni ===
Fi Spanja, fi Franza u fil-Portugall, l-akkomodazzjoni tal-pellegrini jipprovdu akkomodazzjoni f’qishom dormitorji għal dawk il-pellegrini li jkollhom ''credencial'' (ara iktar ’l isfel). Fi Spanja din it-tip ta’ akkomodazzjoni tissejjaħ ''refugio'' jew ''albergue'', li huma simili għal hostels.

Dawn jistgħu jkunu mmexxija mill-parroċċa lokali, mill-kunsill lokali, minn sidien privati jew minn assoċjazzjonijiet tal-pellegrini. Xi drabi dawn ir-''refugios'' ikunu jinsabu f’monasterji, bħal pereżempju dak ta’ [[Samos]], fi Spanja.

L-aħħar hostel tul ir-rotta tal-Pellegrinaġġ ta’ San Ġakbu huwa l-Hostal de los Reyes Católicos, tefgħa ta’ ġebla bogħod mill-Katidral ta’ Santiago de Campostela. Il-kostruzzjoni oriġinali kienet saret minn Ferdinand u Isabel, il-Monarki Kattoliċi. Illum sar lukanda lussuża ta’ ħames stilel, magħrufa bħala Parador, li għadha tipprovdi servizzi b’xejn lil numru limitat ħafna ta’ pellegrini kuljum.

=== ''Credencial'' jew passaport tal-pellegrini ===
[[Stampa:Pilgrim Passport2.jpg|daqsminuri|Passport tal-pellegrini mimli timbri]]
Il-biċċa l-kbira tal-pellegrini jixtru u jġorru magħhom dokument imsejjaħ ''credencial''&lt;ref&gt;Barry Smith, Olimpia Giuliana Loddo and Giuseppe Lorini, &quot;On Credentials&quot;, ''Journal of Social Ontology'', DOI: &lt;nowiki&gt;https://doi.org/10.1515/jso-2019-0034&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;, il-passaport tal-pellegrini li jagħtihom aċċess għall-akkomodazzjoni tal-pellegrini tul ir-rotot. Il-''credencial'' jiġi ttimbrat bis-''sello'' uffiċjali ta’ San Ġakbu ta’ kull belt, raħal jew ''refugio'' fejn joqogħdu l-pellegrini. Permezz ta’ dan id-dokument, il-pellegrini jkollhom prova ta’ fejn raqdu u fejn kielu fil-pellegrinaġġ biex fl-aħħar meta jmorru fl-Uffiċċju tal-Pellegrini f’Santiago de Compostela jkollhom prova ċara li segwew rotta uffiċjali u b’hekk jikkwalifikaw biex jirċievu ''compostela''.

=== ''Compostela'' ===
Il-''compostela'' hija ċertifikat li l-pellegrini jkunu wettqu l-Pellegrinaġġ ta’ San Ġakbu. Biex wieħed jikkwalifika għal ''compostela'' jrid jimxi mill-inqas 100 kilometru jew jagħmel mill-inqas 200 kilometru bir-rota. Fil-prattika, min jagħmel il-Pellegrinaġġ ta’ San Ġakbu bil-mixi, l-iktar post li jaqbillu jibda minnu huwa [[Sarria]], anke għaliex hemm kollegamenti tajbin bix-xarabank jew bil-ferrovija ma’ postijiet oħra fi Spanja. Il-pellegrini li jaslu Santiago de Compostela li jkun mexew mill-inqas 100 km, jew għamlu mill-inqas 200 km bir-rota biex jaslu hemm (kif indikat fil-''credencial'' tagħhom), u li jiddikjaraw li l-motivazzjoni tagħhom kienet mill-inqas parzjalment reliġjuża, ikunu eliġibbli għal ''compostela'' mill-Uffiċċju tal-Pellegrini f’Santiago de Compostela.

Il-''compostela'' ilha tingħata bl-indulġenza mill-bidu tal-Medjuevu u għadu jsir hekk sal-lum matul is-Snin tal-Ġublew.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150129043450/http://www.csj.org.uk/the-present-day-pilgrimage/the-compostela/#content|titlu=&quot;The Compostela&quot;. Confraternity of Saint James. Arkivjat 19-01-2015.|aċċess=13-02-2021|kunjom=|isem=|koawturi=}}&lt;/ref&gt;

L-Uffiċċju tal-Pellegrini jagħti iżjed minn 100,000 ''compostela'' kull sena lill-pellegrini minn iktar minn 100 pajjiż differenti. Madankollu, ir-rekwiżiti biex wieħed ikun jista’ jirċievi ''compostela'' jiżguraw li mhux kull min jagħmel il-pellegrinaġġ jirċievi ''compostela''. Ir-rekwiżiti biex wieħed jirċievi ''compostela'' huma: 1) tagħmel Pellegrinaġġ għal raġunijiet reliġjużi/spiritwali jew mill-inqas ikollok attitudni li tfittex li tagħmel dan, 2) timxi l-aħħar 100 km jew tagħmilhom fuq żiemel jew tagħmel l-aħħar 200 km bir-rota, 3) tikseb għadd partikolari ta’ timbri fuq ''credencial''.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://oficinadelperegrino.com/en/pilgrimage/the-compostela/|titlu=&quot;The Compostela&quot;. Oficina del Peregrino de Santiago de Compostela.|aċċess=13-02-2021|kunjom=|isem=|koawturi=}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Quddiesa tal-pellegrini ===
Kuljum fil-Katidral ta’ Santiago de Compostela tiġi ċċelebrata quddiesa f’12:00 u fis-19:30.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160812163648/http://www.catedraldesantiago.es/en/masses|titlu=&quot;Masses Hours&quot;. catedraldesantiago.es. Catedral de Santiago de Compostela. Arkivjat 12-08-2016.|aċċess=13-02-2021|kunjom=|isem=|koawturi=}}&lt;/ref&gt; Il-pellegrini li jkunu rċevew il-''compostela'' l-ġurnata ta’ qabel jissemmew b’isimhom, b’kunjomhom, il-pajjiż tal-oriġini u l-punt tat-tluq tal-pellegrinaġġ fil-quddiesa. Il-''[[Botafumeiro]]'', wieħed mill-ikbar inċensaturi fid-dinja, jintuża matul ċerti ċelebrazzjonijiet solenni biss u kull nhar ta’ Ġimgħa fis-19:30, ħlief il-[[Ġimgħa l-Kbira]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160812162947/http://www.catedraldesantiago.es/en/node/482|titlu=&quot;The Botafumiero&quot;. catedraldesantiago.es. Catedral de Santiago de Compostela. Arkivjat 12-08-2016.|aċċess=13-02-2021|kunjom=|isem=|koawturi=}}&lt;/ref&gt; Il-qassisin jipprovdu s-Sagrament tal-Qrar b’diversi lingwi. Fis-Sena tal-Ġublew tal-2010, il-Quddiesa tal-pellegrini, b’mod eċċezzjonali ġiet iċċelebrata erba’ darbiet kuljum, fl-10:00, f’12:00, fis-18:00, u fis-19:30, sabiex ilaħħqu man-numru ikbar ta’ pellegrini fis-Sena tal-Ġublew.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160816151812/http://www.catedraldesantiago.es/en/node/485|titlu=&quot;The Holy Year: When Does the Holy Year Take Place?&quot;. catedraldesantiago.es. Catedral de Santiago de Compostela. Arkivjat 16-08-2016.|aċċess=13-02-2021|kunjom=|isem=|koawturi=}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Turiżmu ===
Il-Xunta de Galicia (il-gvern reġjonali tal-Galizja) tippromwovi l-Pellegrinaġġ ta’ San Ġakbu bħala attività turistika, b’mod partikolari fis-Snin tal-Ġublew (meta l-25 ta’ Lulju jinzerta l-Ħadd). Wara l-investiment u l-kampanja ta’ reklamar tal-Galizja għas-Sena tal-Ġublew fl-1993, l-għadd ta’ pellegrini li lestew il-pellegrinaġġ qabad jiżdied ġmielu (kif jidher fit-tabella ta’ hawn taħt). 
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Sena
!Pellegrini
|-
|2019
|347,578
|-
|2018
|327,378
|-
|2017
|301,036
|-
|2016
|277,915
|-
|2015
|262,458
|-
|2014
|237,886
|-
|2013
|215,880
|-
|2012
|192,488
|-
|2011
|179,919
|-
|'''2010'''
|'''272,703'''&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;
|-
|2009
|145,877
|-
|2008
|125,141
|-
|2007
|114,026
|-
|2006
|100,377
|-
|2005
|93,924
|-
|'''2004'''
|'''179,944'''&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;
|-
|2003
|74,614
|-
|2002
|68,952
|-
|2001
|61,418
|-
|2000
|55,004³
|-
|'''1999'''
|'''154,613'''&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;
|-
|1998
|30,126
|-
|1997
|25,179
|-
|1996
|23,218
|-
|1995
|19,821
|-
|1994
|15,863
|-
|'''1993'''
|'''99,436'''&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;
|-
|1992
|9,764
|-
|1991
|7,274
|-
|1990
|4,918
|-
|1989
|5,760²
|-
|1988
|3,501
|-
|1987
|2,905
|-
|1986
|1,801
|-
|1985
|690
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |&lt;small&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; Snin tal-Ġublew (''Xacobeo''/''Jacobeo'')&lt;/small&gt;&lt;small&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; Ir-Raba’ Jum Dinji taż-Żgħażagħ f’Santiago de Compostela&lt;/small&gt;&lt;small&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; Santiago de Compostela l-Kapitali Ewropea tal-Kultura&lt;/small&gt;&lt;small&gt;''Sors: L-arkivji ta’ Santiago de Compostela.''&lt;/small&gt;
|}

=== Films u televiżjoni ===

* Il-Pellegrinaġġ ta’ San Ġakbu huwa ċentrali għall-ġrajja tal-film ''The Milky Way'' (1969), dirett mis-surrealista [[Luis Buñuel]]. Il-film għandu l-għan li jikkritika l-Knisja Kattolika, permezz tal-ġrajja ta’ pellegrini moderni li jiltaqgħu ma’ diversi manifestazzjonijiet ta’ dogmi u ereżiji Kattoliċi.
* ''The Naked Pilgrim'' (2003) jiddokumenta l-vjaġġ tal-kritiku tal-[[arti]] u tal-ġurnalista [[Brian Sewell]] lejn Santiago de Compostela għal Channel Five (il-Ħames Stazzjon) tar-[[Renju Unit]]. Il-protagonista jivvjaġġa bil-[[karozza]] tul ir-Rotta Franċiża, u jżur ħafna bliet u rħula tul ir-rotta, fosthom Pariġi, [[Chartres]], Roncesvalles, Burgos, León u [[Frómista]]. Sewell, Kattoliku mhux wisq prattikant, jibqa’ impressjonat mill-ġrajjiet ta’ pellegrini oħra u minn dak li jara b’għajnejh. Is-sensiela tilħaq il-qofol tagħha bir-rispons emozzjali ta’ Sewell fil-Quddiesa f’Santiago de Compostela.
* Il-Pellegrinaġġ ta’ San Ġakbu kien is-suġġett ċentrali tal-film ''Saint Jacques... La Mecque'' (2005) dirett minn Coline Serreau.
* Fil-film ''The Way'' (2010), miktub u dirett minn [[Emilio Estevez]], Martin Sheen isir jaf li ibnu (Estevez) miet fil-bidu tal-Pellegrinaġġ ta’ San Ġakbu u jiddeċiedi li jagħmel il-pellegrinaġġ minfloku sabiex ilestih kollu f’isem ibnu. Il-film ġie ppreżentat fil-Festival Internazzjonali tal-Films ta’ Toronto f’Settembru 2010&lt;ref&gt;&quot;The Way (2010)&quot;. IMDb.&lt;/ref&gt; u ntwera għall-ewwel darba f’Santiago de Compostela f’Novembru 2010.
* Fis-sensiela televiżiva tiegħu fuq PBS travel Europe, [[Rick Steves]] ikopri ''Northern Spain and the Camino de Santiago'' (It-Tramuntana ta’ Spanja u l-Camino de Santiago) fis-sensiela 6.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Rick Steves travel show, episode: &quot;Northern Spain and the Camino de Santiago&quot;&quot;. ricksteves.com.&lt;/ref&gt;
* Fl-2013, [[Simon Reeve]] ppreżenta s-sensiela &quot;Pilgrimage&quot; (Pellegrinaġġ) fuq BBC2, fejn ixandar diversi rotot ta' pellegrinaġġi, inkluż il-Camino de Santiago fl-episodju 2.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;YouTube&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
* Fl-2014, Lydia B Smith&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Lydia B Smith&quot;. IMDb.&lt;/ref&gt; u Future Educational Films ħarġu ''Walking the Camino: Six Ways to Santiago''&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Walking the Camino: Six Ways to Santiago&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt; (Il-Mixja tal-Pellegrinaġġ ta’ San Ġakbu: Sitt Rotot Lejn Santiago de Compostela) fid-diversi swali taċ-ċinema fl-Istati Uniti u l-[[Kanada]]. Il-film juri r-rakkonti u l-perspettivi ta’ sitt pellegrini waqt il-pellegrinaġġ rispettiv tagħhom minn Franza sa Santiago de Compostela.  Fl-2015, ġie distribwit fid-dinja kollha u fis-swali taċ-ċinema tal-Ewropa, tal-[[Awstralja]] u ta’ [[New Zealand]]. Dan l-aħħar ixxandar fuq NPTV u għadu jintwera fil-festivals relatati mal-Ispirtwalità, mal-[[Moħħ]], mal-[[Ġisem]], mal-[[Ivvjaġġar]] u mal-[[Avventura]].

== Sit ta’ Wirt Dinji ==
Il-Camino Francés jew ir-Rotta minn Franza ilu [[Sit ta’ Wirt Dinji]] tal-[[UNESCO]] fi Spanja mill-1993 u fl-2015 ġie estiż bir-Rotot tat-Tramuntana ta’ Spanja wkoll. Il-valur universali straordinarju ġie rrikonoxxut mill-UNESCO abbażi ta’ tliet kriterji tal-għażla: il-kriterju (ii) “Wirja ta’ skambju importanti ta’ valuri umani, tul perjodu ta’ żmien jew fi ħdan żona kulturali fid-dinja, dwar l-iżviluppi fl-arkitettura jew it-teknoloġija, l-arti monumentali, l-ippjanar tal-bliet jew id-disinn tal-pajsaġġ”; il-kriterju (iv) “Eżempju straordinarju ta’ tip ta’ bini, ta’ grupp ta’ siti jew ta’ pajsaġġ arkitettoniku jew teknoloġiku li joħroġ fid-dieher stadju/i sinifikanti fl-istorja tal-bniedem”; u l-kriterju (vi) “Assoċjazzjoni diretta jew tanġibbli ma’ avvenimenti jew ma’ tradizzjonijiet ħajjin, ma’ ideat jew ma’ twemmin, jew ma’ xogħlijiet artistiċi jew letterarji ta’ valur universali straordinarju”.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== Referenzi ==

[[Kategorija:Siti ta' Wirt Dinji]]
[[Kategorija:Knisja Kattolika]]
[[Kategorija:Franza]]
[[Kategorija:Spanja]]</text>
      <sha1>mgox5kccdcrf2htyra0hp0mz01xkwig</sha1>
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      <text bytes="36432" xml:space="preserve">[[Stampa:Stjacquescompostelle1.png|daqsminuri|347x347px|Mappa tar-rotot Ewropej tal-Pellegrinaġġ ta' San Ġakbu]]
Il-'''Pellegrinaġġ ta' San Ġakbu''' jew '''Camino de Santiago''' (bil-[[Lingwa Latina|Latin]]: ''Peregrinatio Compostellana'') huwa network ta' rotot u mogħdijiet tal-pellegrini jew pellegrinaġġi li kollha jwasslul għas-santwarju tal-appostlu San Ġakbu l-Kbir fil-katidral ta' [[Santiago de Compostela]], fir-reġjun ta' [[Galizia|Galizja]] fil-Majjistral ta' [[Spanja]], fejn jingħad li l-appostlu jinsab midfun. Ħafna nies isegwu xi waħda minn dawn ir-rotot bħala forma ta' eżerċizzju spiritwali jew irtir għat-tkabbir spiritwali tagħhom. Ir-rotot huma popolari wkoll ma' dawk li jħobbu jimxu fin-natura jew inkella jmorru fil-kampanja bir-[[rota]] jew biż-[[żiemel]] waħedhom jew ma' gruppi turistiċi.

Il-Camino Francés jew ir-Rotta minn Franza ilu [[Sit ta' Wirt Dinji]] tal-[[UNESCO]] fi Spanja mill-1993 u fl-2015 ġie estiż bir-Rotot tat-Tramuntana ta' Spanja wkoll.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/669|titlu=&quot;Routes of Santiago de Compostela: Camino Francés and Routes of Northern Spain&quot;. UNESCO.|aċċess=13-02-2021|kunjom=|isem=|koawturi=}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Starkie, Walter (1965) [1957]. ''The Roads to Santiago: Pilgrims of St. James''. University of California Press.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Pellegrinaġġ Kristjan ewlieni ==
[[Stampa:Catedral de Santiago de Compostela, agosto 2018 05.jpg|daqsminuri|Il-Katridral ta' Santiago de Compostela, Spanja]]
Il-Pellegrinaġġ ta' San Ġakbu kien wieħed mill-iktar pellegrinaġġi [[Kristjani]] importanti matul it-tieni parti tal-[[Medjuevu]], u min kien jagħmel dan il-pellegrinaġġ seta' jikseb l-indulġenza plenarja.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Catholic_Encyclopedia_(1913)/Indulgences|titlu=Kent, William H. (1913). &quot;Indulgences&quot; . In Herbermann, Charles (ed.). Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company.|aċċess=13-02-2021|kunjom=|isem=|koawturi=}}&lt;/ref&gt; Fost il-pellegrinaġġi ewlenin l-oħra kien hemm il-''[[Via Francigena]]'' (il-Pellegrinaġġ ta' [[San Franġisk t'Assisi|San Franġisk]]) lejn [[Ruma]] u l-pellegrinaġġ lejn [[Ġerusalemm]].

Stejjer leġġendarji jirrakkontaw li l-fdalijiet tal-katavru ta' San Ġakbu ġew ittrasportati b'dgħajsa minn Ġerusalemm sat-Tramuntana ta' Spanja, fejn l-appostlu jinsab midfun fil-belt Spanjola ta' Santiago de Compostela. L-isem Santiago joriġina mill-evoluzzjoni lokali bil-Galizjan tal-Latin Vulgari ''Sancti Iacobi'', jiġifieri San Ġakbu.

Il-Pellegrinaġġ ta' San Ġakbu fih diversi rotot u mogħdijiet differenti li jwasslu sa Santiago de Compostela. Tradizzjonalment, kif jagħmlu ħafna pellegrini, il-Pellegrinaġġ ta' San Ġakbu jibda mid-dar tal-pellegrin u jispiċċa fil-katidral ta' Santiago de Compostela. Minkejja dan, hemm għadd ta' rotot jew mogħdijiet li jitqiesu bħala prinċipali. Matul il-Medjuevu, ħafna pellegrini kien jagħmlu l-pellegrinaġġ tul waħda mir-rotot jew mill-mogħdijiet. Madankollu, [[Pesta s-sewda|il-Pesta s-Sewda]], ir-[[Riforma Protestanta]], u l-irvelli politiċi fis-seklu 16 fl-[[Ewropa]] kienu wasslu biex ma tibqax daqshekk popolari. Fis-snin 80 tas-seklu 20, ftit mijiet ta' pellegrini kienu jirreġistraw fl-uffiċċju tal-pellegrini f'Santiago de Compostela. F'Ottubru 1987, il-Pellegrinaġġ ta' San Ġakbu ġie ddikjarat bħala l-ewwel [[Rotta Kulturali Ewropea]] mill-[[Kunsill tal-Ewropa]] u fl-1993 ġie ddikjarat bħala Sit ta' Wirt Dinji tal-UNESCO. Minn dak iż-żmien 'l hawn, il-pellegrinaġġ kulma jmur beda jattira iktar u iktar pellegrini internazzjonali u turisti.

Kull meta [[Jum San Ġakbu]] (il-25 ta' Lulju) jinzerta l-Ħadd, il-katidral ta' Santiago de Compostela jiddikjara Sena Qaddisa jew tal-[[Ġublew]]. Skont meta jkun hemm sena bisestili, is-Sena tal-Ġublew taħbat kull ħames, sitta jew 11-il sena. L-iktar reċenti kienu l-1982, l-1993, l-1999 u l-2004 u issa jmiss l-2021, l-2027 u 2032.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140916050419/http://www.csj.org.uk/holy-years.htm|titlu=&quot;Holy Years at Santiago de Compostela&quot;|aċċess=13-02-2021|kunjom=|isem=|koawturi=}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Storja ==

=== Storja ta' qabel il-Kristjaneżmu ===
[[Stampa:Burgos-Metal-Pilgrim-2010.jpg|daqsminuri|210x210px|[[Monument]] għall-pellegrini, f'[[Burgos]]]]
Ir-rotta prinċipali lejn Santiago de Compostela ssegwi rotta ta' żmien ir-Rumani, li  kienet tibqa' sejra sal-kosta [[Oċean Atlantiku|Atlantika]] ta' Galizja, u tintemm f'Kap [[Finisterre]].  Għalkemm illum il-ġurnata nafu li l-Kap Finisterre, l-iktar punt fil-Punent ta' Spanja, mhuwiex l-iktar punt fil-Punent tal-Ewropa ([[Cabo da Roca]] fil-[[Portugall]] huwa l-iktar punt fil-Punent tal-Ewropa kontinentali), il-fatt li r-Rumani kienu sejħulu ''Finisterrae'' (jiġifieri litteralment tmiem id-dinja bil-Latin) jindika li kienu jaħsbuha b'dak il-mod (li llum nafu li kien żbaljat). Fis-satra tal-lejl, [[Triq ta' Sant'Anna|it-Triq ta' Sant'Anna]] fis-sema bħal donnha tindika fejn hi r-rotta, u għalhekk ir-rotta tal-Pellegrinaġġ ta' San Ġakbu ngħatat il-laqam ta' &quot;Voie lactée&quot; – it-Triq ta' Sant'Anna bil-Franċiż.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061217160109/http://dspace.dial.pipex.com/telegraph/04camino/04000001.htm|titlu=&quot;Medieval footpath under the stars of the Milky Way&quot;. Telegraph Online. Arkivjat 17-12-2006.|aċċess=13-02-2021|kunjom=|isem=|koawturi=}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Arzella tal-pellegrini ===
L-arzella tal-pellegrina, li spiss tinstab fix-xtut tal-Galizja, ilha titqies bħala s-simbolu tal-Camino de Santiago. Matul is-sekli, l-arzella tal-pellegrini ngħatat diversi tifsiriet metaforiċi, prattiċi u mitiċi, anke jekk ir-rilevanza tagħha setgħet fil-fatt ġiet mix-xewqa tal-pellegrini li jkollhom tifkira x'jieħdu lura magħhom id-dar.

Żewġ verżjonijiet tal-iktar mit komuni dwar l-oriġini tas-simbolu għandhom x'jaqsmu mal-[[mewt]] ta' San Ġakbu, li miet [[martri]] bil-qtugħ ir-ras f'Ġerusalemm fis-sena 44 W.K. Skont il-leġġendi Spanjoli, kien qatta' xi żmien jipprietka l-[[Vanġelu]] fi Spanja, iżda reġa' lura l-[[Ġudea]] wara li ra xbieha tal-Verġni Marija fix-xatt tax-xmara [[Ebro]].&lt;ref&gt;Chadwick, Henry (1976), ''Priscillian of Avila'', Oxford University Press.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Fletcher, Richard A. (1984), ''Saint James's Catapult : The Life and Times of Diego Gelmírez of Santiago de Compostela'', Oxford University Press.&lt;/ref&gt;

: Verżjoni 1: Wara li Ġakbu l-Kbir miet, id-dixxipli tiegħu ttrasportaw il-katavru tiegħu lejn il-[[Peniżola Iberika]] biex jindifen fil-post li issa jissejjaħ Santiago de Compostela. F'nofs ta' baħar, lil hinn mill-kosta ta' Spanja, maltempata qawwija ħakmet id-dgħajsa, u l-katavru ntilef fil-baħar. Madankollu, wara ftit żmien, il-mewġ tella' l-katavru l-art, u dan instab mal-kosta mgħotti bl-arzelli tal-pellegrini.
: Verżjoni 2: Wara li Ġakbu l-Kbir miet, il-katavru tiegħu ġie ttrasportat b'dgħajsa mmexxija minn anġlu lejn il-Peniżola Iberika biex jindifen fil-post li issa jissejjaħ Santiago de Compostela. Kif id-dgħajsa bdiet toqrob lejn l-art, inzerta kien qed jiġi ċċelebrat tieġ ta' żewġ żgħażagħ tul il-kosta. Iż-żagħżugħ miżżewweġ kien riekeb żiemel, u malli ż-żiemel lemaħ id-dgħajsa, sfratta lejn il-baħar biż-żagħżugħ b'kollox. Permezz ta' miraklu, kemm iż-żiemel kif ukoll iż-żagħżugħ ħarġu mill-baħar ħajjin, miksija arzelli tal-pellegrini.&lt;ref&gt;Starkie, Walter (1965) [1957]. ''The Roads to Santiago: Pilgrims of St. James''. University of California Press.&lt;/ref&gt;

Mir-rabta tagħha mal-Camino, l-arzella tal-pellegrini bdiet tirrappreżenta l-pellegrinaġġ inġenerali, kemm lejn xi santwarju speċifiku kif ukoll lejn il-[[ġenna]], bħalma nsibu fil-[[Bibbja]] fil-Ktieb tal-Lhud 11:13, li jidentifika l-Kristjani &quot;kienu barranin u għorba fuq l-art&quot;.
[[Stampa:Vieira Camino de Santiago.jpg|xellug|daqsminuri|173x173px|Uħud mis-simboli tal-Pellegrinaġġ ta' San Ġakbu]]
Bħala s-simbolu tal-Camino de Santiago, l-arzella tal-pellegrini tidher spiss ħafna tul ir-rotot u l-mogħdijiet tal-pellegrinaġġ bħala sinjal li l-pellegrini jsegwu biex ikunu jafu fejn iridu jmorru. Barra minn hekk, l-arzella spiss tinġarr fuq il-pellegrini stess li jkunu qed jagħmlu l-pellegrinaġġ lejn Santiago de Compostela. Il-biċċa l-kbira tal-pellegrini jirċievu jew jixtru arzella tal-pellegrini fil-bidu tal-pellegrinaġġ tagħhom u jew iħituha mal-ħwejjeġ jew mal-basket tagħhom, jew inkella jdendluha qisha ġiżirana m'għonqhom jew iwaħħluha ma xi zokk li jkunu qed jużaw bħala bastun.

Barra minn hekk, fl-antik l-arzella tal-pellegrini kienet taqdi rwol iktar prattiku għaliex kienet tintuża qisha skutella mill-pellegrini biex jixorbu minnha meta jgħaddu ħdejn xi għajn.

Matul il-Medjuevu, l-arzella tal-pellegrini kienet tintuża bħala prova li wieħed lesta l-pellegrinaġġ iktar milli simbolu li jintlibes waqt il-pellegrinaġġ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://followthecamino.com/en/blog/the-scallop-shell-and-other-symbols-of-the-camino/|titlu=&quot;The Scallop Shell And Other Symbols of The Camino&quot;. Follow the Camino.|aċċess=13-02-2021|kunjom=|isem=|koawturi=}}&lt;/ref&gt;

L-għasluġ tal-pellegrini kien simbolu ieħor tal-pellegrinaġġ li kien jintuża (u xi kultant għadu jintuża) mill-pellegrini bħala bastun fi triqithom lejn is-santwarju ta' Santiago de Compostela fi Spanja. Ġeneralment, l-għasluġ kien ikun zokk b'qisu granpun fit-tarf tiegħu li miegħu l-pellegrini setgħu jwaħħlu xi ħaġa (pereżempju xi qargħa ħamra mnixxfa (simbolu ieħor tal-pellegrinaġġ) li kienu jużaw bħala kontenitur tal-ilma jew tal-inbid).&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://vivecamino.com/en/the-pilgrims-gourd-on-the-camino-de-santiago-no-654/|titlu=&quot;The pilgrim's gourd on the Camino de Santiago&quot; - Vive el Camino.|aċċess=13-02-2021|kunjom=|isem=|koawturi=}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Rotta Medjevali ===
[[Stampa:Códice Calixtino (Catedral de Santiago de Compostela).jpg|daqsminuri|195x195px|Il-''Codex Calixtinus'' fil-Katidral ta' Santiago de Compostela]]
L-iktar żjarat bikrin fis-santwarju ddedikat lil San Ġakbu f'Santiago de Compostela jmorru lura għas-seklu 9 meta kien hemm ir-Renju tal-[[Asturjas]] u tal-Galizja. Il-pellegrinaġġ sas-santwarju sar l-iktar pellegrinaġġ magħruf fil-Medjuevu, u saret drawwa li kull min ilesti l-pellegrinaġġ u jerġa' jaqbad triqtu lura d-dar jilbes arzella tal-pellegrini bħala prova li lesta l-pellegrinaġġ. Din il-prassi nbidlet ta' taħt fuq iżda s-simbolu baqa' jintuża u sar emblematiku.&lt;ref&gt;Waldron, Thomas (1979). &quot;The Sign of the Scallop Shell&quot;. ''The Furrow''. '''30''' (10): 646–649. &lt;/ref&gt;

L-ewwel pellegrini ddokumentati kienu ġew minn xi rħula qabel il-[[Pirinej]] u żaru s-santwarju f'nofs is-seklu 11, iżda milli jidher il-pellegrini bdew jiżdiedu sew għall-ħabta tas-seklu 12 meta bdew jiġu minn ferm iktar 'il bogħod. L-ewwel pellegrini ddokumentati li kienu ġew mill-Ingilterra wettqu l-pellegrinaġġ bejn l-1092 u l-1105. Madankollu, sal-bidu tas-seklu 12, il-pellegrinaġġ sar organizzat sew.

Wieħed mill-iktar figuri li ħeġġeġ il-pellegrinaġġ fis-seklu 12 kien il-[[Papa Kallistu II]], li beda s-Snin tal-Ġublew ta' Compostela.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120301095104/http://www.caminoguides.com/history.html|titlu=&quot;Brief history: The Camino – past, present &amp; future&quot;. Arkivjat 01-03-2012.|aċċess=13-02-2021|kunjom=|isem=|koawturi=}}&lt;/ref&gt; Il-gwida uffiċjali ta' dawk iż-żminijiet kien il-''[[Codex Calixtinus]]'' (il-Kodiċi ta' Kallistu). Dan ġie ppubblikat lejn l-1140, u l-ħames ktieb tal-Kodiċi għadu jitqies bħala s-sors definittiv għal ħafna gwidi moderni. Erba' rotot tal-pellegrinaġġ elenkati fil-Kodiċi joriġinaw fi Franza u jingħaqdu lkoll f'[[Puente la Reina]], Spanja. Minn hemmhekk, rotta prinċipali definita sew taqsam it-Tramuntana kollha ta' Spanja u tgħaqqad flimkien il-bliet ta' Burgos, [[Carrión de los Condes]], [[Sahagún]] (iċ-ċentru tal-Camino Francés), [[León]], [[Astorga]], u Santiago de Compostela.

Il-ħtiġijiet ta' kuljum tal-pellegrini tul ir-rotta lejn Santiago de Compostela u lura kienu ssodisfati minn sensiela ta' sptarijiet ta' vera u oħrajn li kienu eks sptarijiet u kienu jintużaw qishom bereġ jew lukandi/hostels biex jilqgħu lill-pellegrini. Din l-idea ġiet żviluppata u għadha teżisti sa llum fejn hemm ħafna albergues li jilqgħu lill-pellegrini u jkopru l-ispejjeż bid-donazzjonijiet. Xi rħula tul il-Camino għad għandhom dan il-kunċett f'isimhom bħal pereżempju [[Hospital de Órbigo]]. L-&quot;isptarijiet&quot; jew ''albergues'' spiss kienu jkunu mmexxija mill-Ordnijiet Kattoliċi u kien ikollhom il-protezzjoni rjali.
[[Stampa:Jakobsweg - Pilger 1568 - Hurden IMG 5664.JPG|daqsminuri|248x248px|Il-pellegrini fil-Pellegrinaġġ ta' San Ġakbu (1568)]]
L-arkitettura Romaneska, ġeneru ġdid ta' arkitettura ekkleżjastika, kienet disinjata b'arkati kbar biex ilaħħqu mal-folol kbar ta' pellegrini devoti.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://www.durhamworldheritagesite.com/learn/architecture/romanesque|titlu=&quot;Romanesque Architecture - Durham World Heritage Site&quot;. www.durhamworldheritagesite.com.|aċċess=13-02-2021|kunjom=|isem=|koawturi=}}&lt;/ref&gt; Għalkemm ħafna mill-pellegrini kienu jkunu foqra, xorta waħda tul ir-rotta kien ikun hemm ħwienet bħal dawk attwali li kienu jbigħu kull xorta ta' tifkiriet, simboli u affarijiet bħal pereżempju l-arzella tal-pellegrini. Il-pellegrini spiss kienu jitolbu lil [[San Rokku]] u sa llum il-ġurnata tul ir-rotot għadek tara ħafna xbihat tiegħu bis-[[Salib ta' San Ġakbu]].

Ir-rotot tal-pellegrinaġġ lejn Santiago de Compostela kienu possibbli minħabba l-protezzjoni u l-libertà pprovduta mir-Renju ta' Franza, minn fejn kienu joriġinaw il-maġġoranza tal-pellegrini. Ħafna Franċiżi kummerċjanti (inkluż uħud minn Gascogne u minn inħawi oħra li ma kinux taħt il-kuruna Franċiża) bdew jgħixu fil-bliet u fl-irħula tul ir-rotot tal-pellegrinaġġ, kif nistgħu naraw mill-kunjomijiet li nstabu fl-arkivji. Il-pellegrini kienu jiġu milqugħa minn nies bħal [[Domingo de la Calzada]], li mbagħad sar [[qaddis]].

Il-pellegrini kienu jimxu tul il-Pellegrinaġġ ta' San Ġakbu għal xhur jekk mhux għal snin sħaħ, qabel jaslu fil-pjazza ċentrali quddiem il-katidral ta' San Ġakbu u jagħtu ġieħ lill-qaddis patrun tal-pellegrinaġġ. Ħafna kienu jaslu f'kundizzjonijiet finanzjarji u ta' saħħa batuti ħafna minħabba l-mard jew is-serq jew minħabba t-tnejn li huma. Tradizzjonalment il-pellegrini jpoġġu idejhom fuq il-pilastru eżatt kif tidħol mill-bieb prinċipali tal-katidral, kif wieħed jista' jixhed meta jara kif ittiekel il-pilastru tant hija prassi li ilha ssir għal żmien twil.&lt;ref&gt;Davies, Bethan; Cole, Ben (2003). ''Walking the Camino de Santiago''. Pili Pala Press. p. 179. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;0-9731698-0-X&lt;/bdi&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt;

L-isem popolar bl-[[Lingwa Spanjola|Ispanjol]] għat-Triq ta' Sant'Anna fis-sema huwa ''El Camino de Santiago''. Skont leġġenda Medjevali, it-Triq ta' Sant'Anna ffurmat mit-trab li qalgħu l-pellegrini.&lt;ref&gt;Bignami, Giovanni F. (26 March 2004). &quot;Visions of the Milky Way&quot;. ''Science''. '''303''' (5666): 1979. JSTOR 3836327. S2CID 191291730.&lt;/ref&gt; Leġġenda oħra tgħid li meta eremita ra kewkba tiddi qawwija fuq għolja ħdejn [[San Fiz de Solvio]], huwa għarraf lill-isqof ta' [[Iria Flavia]], li sab qabar hemmhekk bi tliet katavri, u wieħed minnhom beda jingħad li kien ta' San Ġakbu. Sussegwentement, il-post beda jissejjaħ &quot;l-għalqa tal-kewkba&quot; (''Campus Stellae'', li biż-żmien, x'aktarx kienet tiġi ppronunzjata ħażin u saret &quot;Compostela&quot;).&lt;ref&gt;Aruna Vasadevan (5 November 2013). &quot;Santiago de Compostela (La Coruña, Spain)&quot;.  In Trudy Ring; Noelle Watson; Paul Schellinger (eds.). ''Southern Europe: International Dictionary of Historic Places''. Taylor &amp; Francis. pp. 621–624. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-1-134-25965-6&lt;/bdi&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt; Leġġenda oħra dwar l-oriġini li tissemma fir-raba' ktieb tal-''[[Ktieb ta' San Ġakbu]]'' tirrakkonta kif il-qaddis deher lill-[[Karlu Manju]] f'ħolma, u ħeġġu biex jillibera l-qabar tiegħu mill-[[Musulmani]] billi wrieh kif jasal permezz tar-rotta tat-Triq ta' Sant'Anna.

=== Bħala penitenza ===
Il-Knisja adottat sistema ta' ritwali, magħrufa bħala penitenza, sabiex wieħed jindem u jpatti temporanjament għal dnubietu. Skont din is-sistema, il-pellegrinaġġi kienu forma adattata biex wieħed ipatti ta' dnubietu b'penitenza temporanja, u dawn setgħu jintużaw bħala atti ta' penitenza għal dawk li kienu jkun ħatja għal ċerti reati. Kif imsemmi fl-''Enċiklopedija Kattolika'':&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12085a.htm|titlu=&quot;Pilgrimages&quot;. New Advent Catholic Encyclopedia.|aċċess=13-02-2021|kunjom=|isem=|koawturi=}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;Fir-reġistri tal-[[Inkwiżizzjoni Spanjola|Inkwiżizzjoni]] f'[[Carcassone]]...insibu l-erba' postijiet li ġejjin magħrufa bħala ċentri fejn isiru l-akbar pellegrinaġġi li jiġu imposti bħala penitenzi għar-reati l-iktar gravi: il-qabar tal-Appostli f'Ruma, is-santwarju ta' San Ġakbu f'(Santiago de) Compostela, il-qabar ta' San Tumas f'[[Canterbury]], u r-relikwi tat-[[Tliet Slaten Maġi]] f'[[Cologne]].&lt;/blockquote&gt;Fil-[[Fjandri]] għad hemm it-tradizzjoni li priġunier fis-sena jirċievi l-maħfra u jinħeles bil-patt u l-kundizzjoni li, akkumpanjat minn gwardja, il-priġunier jimxiha sa Santiago de Compostela b'basket tqil ma' dahru.

=== Żmien l-Illuminazzjoni ===
Matul il-[[Gwerra totali|gwerra]] tal-[[Indipendenza Amerikana]], [[John Adams]] (li mbagħad sar it-tieni President Amerikan) irċieva l-ordni mill-Kungress biex imur [[Pariġi]] ħalli jikseb fondi għall-kawża. Waqt il-vjaġġ tiegħu bil-[[vapur]] fl-1779, beda dieħel l-ilma fil-vapur, allura kellu jiżbarka maż-żewġ uliedu subien f'Finisterre. Minn hemmhekk kompla tul ir-rotta tal-Pellegrinaġġ ta' San Ġakbu bil-kontra sabiex jasal Pariġi bl-art minflok bil-baħar. Ma waqafx iżur il-belt ta' Santiago de Compostela, u iktar 'il quddiem f'ħajtu tassew iddispjaċih ta' dan. Fl-awtobijografija tiegħu, Adams jiddeskrivi d-drawwiet u l-akkomodazzjoni mogħtija lill-pellegrini ta' San Ġakbu fis-seklu 18 u ddeskriva l-leġġendi li kien sema' bihom matul il-vjaġġ tiegħu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=http://www.masshist.org/digitaladams/archive/doc?id=A2_1&amp;rec=sheet&amp;archive=autobiography&amp;hi=1&amp;numRecs=61&amp;tag=place&amp;num=10&amp;bc|titlu=&quot;John Adams autobiography, part 3, Peace, 1779–1780, sheet 10 of 18&quot;. Harvard University Press|aċċess=13-02-2021|kunjom=|isem=|koawturi=}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Il-proneputi ta' Adams, l-istoriku [[Henry Adams]], żar León fost bliet Spanjoli oħra matul il-vjaġġ tiegħu fl-Ewropa bħala żagħżugħ, għalkemm ma għamilx il-pellegrinaġġ kollu.&lt;ref&gt;Henry Adams, The Education of Henry Adams.&lt;/ref&gt; Vjaġġatur ieħor tul il-Pellegrinaġġ ta' San Ġakbu fi żmien l-Illuminazzjoni kien in-naturalista [[Alexander von Humboldt]].

== Pellegrinaġġ modern ==
[[Stampa:Muszla Jakuba.svg|daqsminuri|Simbolu modern tal-Pellegrinaġġ ta' San Ġakbu]]
Minkejja li jingħad li l-Pellegrinaġġ ta' San Ġakbu ilu jsir bla waqfien minn żmien il-Medjuevu, ma tantx hemm rakkonti ta' pellegrinaġġi li saru fiż-żminijiet moderni għajr il-pubblikazzjoni tal-1957, ''The Road to Santiago'', tal-istudjuż tal-kultura Spanjola u l-vjaġġatur [[Walter Starkie]].&lt;ref&gt;Starkie, Walter (1965) [1957]. ''The Roads to Santiago: Pilgrims of St. James''. University of California Press.&lt;/ref&gt; L-azzjoni biex il-pellegrinaġġ jerġa' jingħata l-ħajja kienet appoġġata mill-gvern Spanjol ta' [[Francisco Franco]], li kien ħerqan ferm li jippromwovi l-istorja Kattolika ta' Spanja. Jean Mitchell-Lanham fil-ktieb tiegħu saħansitra jikteb li l-Pellegrinaġġ ta' San Ġakbu reġa' kiseb il-popolarità li kellu fil-Medjuevu biss fis-snin 90 tas-seklu 20.&lt;ref&gt;Mitchell-Lanham, Jean (2015). ''The Lore of the Camino de Santiago: A Literary Pilgrimage''. Two Harbors Press. p. xv. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-1-63413-333-3&lt;/bdi&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt;

Minn dak iż-żmien 'l hawn, mijiet ta' eluf (iktar minn 300,000 fl-2017&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://www.editorialbuencamino.com/estadistica-peregrinos-del-camino-de-santiago/|titlu=Erimatica. &quot;Estadística de peregrinos del Camino de Santiago a 2018&quot;. Camino de Santiago. Guía definitiva: etapas, albergues, rutas.|aċċess=13-02-2021|kunjom=|isem=|koawturi=}}&lt;/ref&gt;) ta' pellegrini Kristjani u mhux saru jagħmlu dan il-pellegrinaġġ kull sena mid-djar tagħhom jew minn punti tat-tluq differenti madwar l-Ewropa, sa ma jaslu f'Santiago de Compostela. Il-biċċa l-kbira jivvjaġġaw bil-mixi, uħud bir-rota, u ftit jagħmlu bħalma kienu jagħmlu xi pellegrini tal-Medjuevu u jivvjaġġaw fuq żiemel jew [[ħmar]]. Apparti dawk li jagħmlu l-pellegrinaġġ għal skopijiet reliġjużi, oħrajn jagħmluh għax iħobbu jimxu fin-natura, oħrajn għaliex iħobbu jivvjaġġaw u jiskopru postijiet kulturali, u oħrajn iqisu l-esperjenza bħala rtir spirtwali mill-ħajja moderna.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060715142949/http://www.csj.org.uk/present.htm|titlu=&quot;The present-day pilgrimage&quot;. The Confraternity of Saint James. Arkivjat 15-07-2006.|aċċess=13-02-2021|kunjom=|isem=|koawturi=}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Rotot ===
Il-lista ta' rotot tal-Pellegrinaġġ ta' San Ġakbu hija tassew twila iżda dawn li ġejjin imma fost l-iktar popolari jew magħrufin.

Il-'''Camino Francés''', jew ir-Rotta Franċiża, hija l-iktar rotta popolari. L-aħħar parti tar-rotta hija wkoll il-[[Via Regia]]. Storikament, minħabba l-''Codex Calixtinus'', il-biċċa l-kbira tal-pellegrini kienu jiġu minn Franza: tipikament minn Arles, Le Puy, Pariġi, Vézelay, u uħud minn Saint Gilles. Cluny, il-post fejn hemm l-abbazija Medjevali famuża, kien punt tat-tluq ieħor importanti għall-pellegrini, u fl-2002 ġie integrat fir-rotta Ewropea tal-pellegrinaġġ li tikkollega lil Vézelay u Le Puy.

Il-maġġoranza tal-Ispanjoli jqisu l-fruntiera ma' Franza fil-Pirinej, bħala l-punt tat-tluq naturali. L-iktar punt tat-tluq komuni bil-qabża fil-Camino Francés huwa Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port, fuq in-naħa Franċiża tal-Pirinej, b'[[Roncesvalles]] fuq in-naħa Spanjola hija punt tat-tluq popolari ieħor. Id-distanza minn Roncesvalles sa Santiago de Compostela li tgħaddi minn León hija madwar 800 kilometru.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=http://oficinadelperegrino.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/peregrinaciones2016.pdf|titlu=&quot;Informe estadístico Año 2016&quot; (PDF). Oficina del Peregrino de Santiago de Compostela.|aċċess=13-02-2021|kunjom=|isem=|koawturi=}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[Stampa:Wojnicz kosciol sw Leonarda 3.jpg|daqsminuri|307x307px|Wieħed mis-sinjali għall-pellegrini tul ir-rotot]]
Il-'''Camino Primitivo''', ir-Rotta Primittiva jew Oriġinali, hija l-iktar rotta antika li twassal għal Santiago de Compostela. Ilha teżisti mis-seklu 9 u tibda minn [[Oviedo]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=http://www.caminosantiagodecompostela.com/camino-de-santiago-primitivo/|titlu=&quot;Primitive Way-Camino de Santiago Primitivo&quot;|aċċess=13-02-2021|kunjom=|isem=|koawturi=}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Il-'''Camino Portugués''', jew ir-Rotta [[Portugall|Portugiża]], hija t-tieni l-iktar rotta popolari. Din tibda mill-katidral ta' [[Liżbona]] (għal total ta' madwar 610 kilometri) jew mill-katidral ta' [[Porto]] fit-Tramuntana tal-Portugall (għal total ta' madwar 227 km), u tagħti għall-Galizja minn [[Valença]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160630234156/http://www.csj.org.uk/planning-your-pilgrimage/routes-to-santiago/the-route-in-portugal/|titlu=The Confraternity of Saint James. &quot;The Camino Portugués&quot;. Arkivjat 30-06-2016.|aċċess=13-02-2021|kunjom=|isem=|koawturi=}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Il-'''Camino del Norte''', jew ir-Rotta tat-Tramuntana, jimxuha inqas nies u tibda fil-belt ta' [[Irun]] fil-[[Pajjiż Bask]] fil-fruntiera ma' Franza, jew xi kultant f'[[San Sebastián]]. Hija rotta inqas popolari minħabba t-tibdil fl-elevazzjoni, meta mqabbla mal-Camino Francés pereżempju li hija kważi kollha għall-wita. Ir-rotta ssegwi l-kosta tul il-[[Bajja ta' Biskajja]] sa meta toqrob lejn Santiago de Compostela. Għalkemm ma tgħaddix minn wisq ċentri storiċi ta' interess bħal fil-Camino Francés, iż-żiffa tal-baħar speċjalment fis-sajf tfisser li t-temperaturi jkunu iktar baxxi. Din ir-rotta jingħad li kienet l-ewwel waħda li użaw il-pellegrini biex jevitaw li jivvjaġġaw mit-territorji li kienu okkupati mill-Musulmani fil-Medjuevu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://caminoways.com/camino-del-norte|titlu=&quot;Camino del Norte&quot;. Camino Ways.|aċċess=13-02-2021|kunjom=|isem=|koawturi=}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ir-rotta tal-[[Ewropa Ċentrali]] reġgħet ħadet il-ħajja wara l-waqgħa tal-[[Ħajt ta' Berlin]]. Ir-rotot Medjevali bħall-Camino Baltico (ir-Rotta Baltika) u l-Via Regia fil-[[Polonja]] jgħaddu mit-territorju li llum jagħmel parti mill-Polonja u jibdew iktar 'il fuq u lejn il-Lvant, saħansitra mill-Istati Baltiċi u l-[[Ukrajna]].&lt;ref&gt;''Camino Polaco. Teologia - Sztuka - Historia - Teraźniejszość'' - Edited by Fr. dr. Piotr Roszak and professor dr. Waldemar Rozynkowski. published by Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Mikołaja Kopernika (Toruń); volume 1 (2014), volume 2 (2015), volume 3 (2016).&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Akkomodazzjoni ===
Fi Spanja, fi Franza u fil-Portugall, l-akkomodazzjoni tal-pellegrini jipprovdu akkomodazzjoni f'qishom dormitorji għal dawk il-pellegrini li jkollhom ''credencial'' (ara iktar 'l isfel). Fi Spanja din it-tip ta' akkomodazzjoni tissejjaħ ''refugio'' jew ''albergue'', li huma simili għal hostels.

Dawn jistgħu jkunu mmexxija mill-parroċċa lokali, mill-kunsill lokali, minn sidien privati jew minn assoċjazzjonijiet tal-pellegrini. Xi drabi dawn ir-''refugios'' ikunu jinsabu f'monasterji, bħal pereżempju dak ta' [[Samos]], fi Spanja.

L-aħħar hostel tul ir-rotta tal-Pellegrinaġġ ta' San Ġakbu huwa l-Hostal de los Reyes Católicos, tefgħa ta' ġebla bogħod mill-Katidral ta' Santiago de Campostela. Il-kostruzzjoni oriġinali kienet saret minn Ferdinand u Isabel, il-Monarki Kattoliċi. Illum sar lukanda lussuża ta' ħames stilel, magħrufa bħala Parador, li għadha tipprovdi servizzi b'xejn lil numru limitat ħafna ta' pellegrini kuljum.

=== ''Credencial'' jew passaport tal-pellegrini ===
[[Stampa:Pilgrim Passport2.jpg|daqsminuri|Passport tal-pellegrini mimli timbri]]
Il-biċċa l-kbira tal-pellegrini jixtru u jġorru magħhom dokument imsejjaħ ''credencial''&lt;ref&gt;Barry Smith, Olimpia Giuliana Loddo and Giuseppe Lorini, &quot;On Credentials&quot;, ''Journal of Social Ontology'', DOI: &lt;nowiki&gt;https://doi.org/10.1515/jso-2019-0034&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;, il-passaport tal-pellegrini li jagħtihom aċċess għall-akkomodazzjoni tal-pellegrini tul ir-rotot. Il-''credencial'' jiġi ttimbrat bis-''sello'' uffiċjali ta' San Ġakbu ta' kull belt, raħal jew ''refugio'' fejn joqogħdu l-pellegrini. Permezz ta' dan id-dokument, il-pellegrini jkollhom prova ta' fejn raqdu u fejn kielu fil-pellegrinaġġ biex fl-aħħar meta jmorru fl-Uffiċċju tal-Pellegrini f'Santiago de Compostela jkollhom prova ċara li segwew rotta uffiċjali u b'hekk jikkwalifikaw biex jirċievu ''compostela''.

=== ''Compostela'' ===
Il-''compostela'' hija ċertifikat li l-pellegrini jkunu wettqu l-Pellegrinaġġ ta' San Ġakbu. Biex wieħed jikkwalifika għal ''compostela'' jrid jimxi mill-inqas 100 kilometru jew jagħmel mill-inqas 200 kilometru bir-rota. Fil-prattika, min jagħmel il-Pellegrinaġġ ta' San Ġakbu bil-mixi, l-iktar post li jaqbillu jibda minnu huwa [[Sarria]], anke għaliex hemm kollegamenti tajbin bix-xarabank jew bil-ferrovija ma' postijiet oħra fi Spanja. Il-pellegrini li jaslu Santiago de Compostela li jkun mexew mill-inqas 100 km, jew għamlu mill-inqas 200 km bir-rota biex jaslu hemm (kif indikat fil-''credencial'' tagħhom), u li jiddikjaraw li l-motivazzjoni tagħhom kienet mill-inqas parzjalment reliġjuża, ikunu eliġibbli għal ''compostela'' mill-Uffiċċju tal-Pellegrini f'Santiago de Compostela.

Il-''compostela'' ilha tingħata bl-indulġenza mill-bidu tal-Medjuevu u għadu jsir hekk sal-lum matul is-Snin tal-Ġublew.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150129043450/http://www.csj.org.uk/the-present-day-pilgrimage/the-compostela/#content|titlu=&quot;The Compostela&quot;. Confraternity of Saint James. Arkivjat 19-01-2015.|aċċess=13-02-2021|kunjom=|isem=|koawturi=}}&lt;/ref&gt;

L-Uffiċċju tal-Pellegrini jagħti iżjed minn 100,000 ''compostela'' kull sena lill-pellegrini minn iktar minn 100 pajjiż differenti. Madankollu, ir-rekwiżiti biex wieħed ikun jista' jirċievi ''compostela'' jiżguraw li mhux kull min jagħmel il-pellegrinaġġ jirċievi ''compostela''. Ir-rekwiżiti biex wieħed jirċievi ''compostela'' huma: 1) tagħmel Pellegrinaġġ għal raġunijiet reliġjużi/spiritwali jew mill-inqas ikollok attitudni li tfittex li tagħmel dan, 2) timxi l-aħħar 100 km jew tagħmilhom fuq żiemel jew tagħmel l-aħħar 200 km bir-rota, 3) tikseb għadd partikolari ta' timbri fuq ''credencial''.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://oficinadelperegrino.com/en/pilgrimage/the-compostela/|titlu=&quot;The Compostela&quot;. Oficina del Peregrino de Santiago de Compostela.|aċċess=13-02-2021|kunjom=|isem=|koawturi=}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Quddiesa tal-pellegrini ===
Kuljum fil-Katidral ta' Santiago de Compostela tiġi ċċelebrata quddiesa f'12:00 u fis-19:30.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160812163648/http://www.catedraldesantiago.es/en/masses|titlu=&quot;Masses Hours&quot;. catedraldesantiago.es. Catedral de Santiago de Compostela. Arkivjat 12-08-2016.|aċċess=13-02-2021|kunjom=|isem=|koawturi=}}&lt;/ref&gt; Il-pellegrini li jkunu rċevew il-''compostela'' l-ġurnata ta' qabel jissemmew b'isimhom, b'kunjomhom, il-pajjiż tal-oriġini u l-punt tat-tluq tal-pellegrinaġġ fil-quddiesa. Il-''[[Botafumeiro]]'', wieħed mill-ikbar inċensaturi fid-dinja, jintuża matul ċerti ċelebrazzjonijiet solenni biss u kull nhar ta' Ġimgħa fis-19:30, ħlief il-[[Ġimgħa l-Kbira]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160812162947/http://www.catedraldesantiago.es/en/node/482|titlu=&quot;The Botafumiero&quot;. catedraldesantiago.es. Catedral de Santiago de Compostela. Arkivjat 12-08-2016.|aċċess=13-02-2021|kunjom=|isem=|koawturi=}}&lt;/ref&gt; Il-qassisin jipprovdu s-Sagrament tal-Qrar b'diversi lingwi. Fis-Sena tal-Ġublew tal-2010, il-Quddiesa tal-pellegrini, b'mod eċċezzjonali ġiet iċċelebrata erba' darbiet kuljum, fl-10:00, f'12:00, fis-18:00, u fis-19:30, sabiex ilaħħqu man-numru ikbar ta' pellegrini fis-Sena tal-Ġublew.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160816151812/http://www.catedraldesantiago.es/en/node/485|titlu=&quot;The Holy Year: When Does the Holy Year Take Place?&quot;. catedraldesantiago.es. Catedral de Santiago de Compostela. Arkivjat 16-08-2016.|aċċess=13-02-2021|kunjom=|isem=|koawturi=}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Turiżmu ===
Il-Xunta de Galicia (il-gvern reġjonali tal-Galizja) tippromwovi l-Pellegrinaġġ ta' San Ġakbu bħala attività turistika, b'mod partikolari fis-Snin tal-Ġublew (meta l-25 ta' Lulju jinzerta l-Ħadd). Wara l-investiment u l-kampanja ta' reklamar tal-Galizja għas-Sena tal-Ġublew fl-1993, l-għadd ta' pellegrini li lestew il-pellegrinaġġ qabad jiżdied ġmielu (kif jidher fit-tabella ta' hawn taħt). 
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Sena
!Pellegrini
|-
|2019
|347,578
|-
|2018
|327,378
|-
|2017
|301,036
|-
|2016
|277,915
|-
|2015
|262,458
|-
|2014
|237,886
|-
|2013
|215,880
|-
|2012
|192,488
|-
|2011
|179,919
|-
|'''2010'''
|'''272,703'''&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;
|-
|2009
|145,877
|-
|2008
|125,141
|-
|2007
|114,026
|-
|2006
|100,377
|-
|2005
|93,924
|-
|'''2004'''
|'''179,944'''&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;
|-
|2003
|74,614
|-
|2002
|68,952
|-
|2001
|61,418
|-
|2000
|55,004³
|-
|'''1999'''
|'''154,613'''&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;
|-
|1998
|30,126
|-
|1997
|25,179
|-
|1996
|23,218
|-
|1995
|19,821
|-
|1994
|15,863
|-
|'''1993'''
|'''99,436'''&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;
|-
|1992
|9,764
|-
|1991
|7,274
|-
|1990
|4,918
|-
|1989
|5,760²
|-
|1988
|3,501
|-
|1987
|2,905
|-
|1986
|1,801
|-
|1985
|690
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |&lt;small&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; Snin tal-Ġublew (''Xacobeo''/''Jacobeo'')&lt;/small&gt;&lt;small&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; Ir-Raba' Jum Dinji taż-Żgħażagħ f'Santiago de Compostela&lt;/small&gt;&lt;small&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; Santiago de Compostela l-Kapitali Ewropea tal-Kultura&lt;/small&gt;&lt;small&gt;''Sors: L-arkivji ta' Santiago de Compostela.''&lt;/small&gt;
|}

=== Films u televiżjoni ===

* Il-Pellegrinaġġ ta' San Ġakbu huwa ċentrali għall-ġrajja tal-film ''The Milky Way'' (1969), dirett mis-surrealista [[Luis Buñuel]]. Il-film għandu l-għan li jikkritika l-Knisja Kattolika, permezz tal-ġrajja ta' pellegrini moderni li jiltaqgħu ma' diversi manifestazzjonijiet ta' dogmi u ereżiji Kattoliċi.
* ''The Naked Pilgrim'' (2003) jiddokumenta l-vjaġġ tal-kritiku tal-[[arti]] u tal-ġurnalista [[Brian Sewell]] lejn Santiago de Compostela għal Channel Five (il-Ħames Stazzjon) tar-[[Renju Unit]]. Il-protagonista jivvjaġġa bil-[[karozza]] tul ir-Rotta Franċiża, u jżur ħafna bliet u rħula tul ir-rotta, fosthom Pariġi, [[Chartres]], Roncesvalles, Burgos, León u [[Frómista]]. Sewell, Kattoliku mhux wisq prattikant, jibqa' impressjonat mill-ġrajjiet ta' pellegrini oħra u minn dak li jara b'għajnejh. Is-sensiela tilħaq il-qofol tagħha bir-rispons emozzjali ta' Sewell fil-Quddiesa f'Santiago de Compostela.
* Il-Pellegrinaġġ ta' San Ġakbu kien is-suġġett ċentrali tal-film ''Saint Jacques... La Mecque'' (2005) dirett minn Coline Serreau.
* Fil-film ''The Way'' (2010), miktub u dirett minn [[Emilio Estevez]], Martin Sheen isir jaf li ibnu (Estevez) miet fil-bidu tal-Pellegrinaġġ ta' San Ġakbu u jiddeċiedi li jagħmel il-pellegrinaġġ minfloku sabiex ilestih kollu f'isem ibnu. Il-film ġie ppreżentat fil-Festival Internazzjonali tal-Films ta' Toronto f'Settembru 2010&lt;ref&gt;&quot;The Way (2010)&quot;. IMDb.&lt;/ref&gt; u ntwera għall-ewwel darba f'Santiago de Compostela f'Novembru 2010.
* Fis-sensiela televiżiva tiegħu fuq PBS travel Europe, [[Rick Steves]] ikopri ''Northern Spain and the Camino de Santiago'' (It-Tramuntana ta' Spanja u l-Camino de Santiago) fis-sensiela 6.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Rick Steves travel show, episode: &quot;Northern Spain and the Camino de Santiago&quot;&quot;. ricksteves.com.&lt;/ref&gt;
* Fl-2013, [[Simon Reeve]] ppreżenta s-sensiela &quot;Pilgrimage&quot; (Pellegrinaġġ) fuq BBC2, fejn ixandar diversi rotot ta' pellegrinaġġi, inkluż il-Camino de Santiago fl-episodju 2.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;YouTube&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
* Fl-2014, Lydia B Smith&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Lydia B Smith&quot;. IMDb.&lt;/ref&gt; u Future Educational Films ħarġu ''Walking the Camino: Six Ways to Santiago''&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Walking the Camino: Six Ways to Santiago&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt; (Il-Mixja tal-Pellegrinaġġ ta' San Ġakbu: Sitt Rotot Lejn Santiago de Compostela) fid-diversi swali taċ-ċinema fl-Istati Uniti u l-[[Kanada]]. Il-film juri r-rakkonti u l-perspettivi ta' sitt pellegrini waqt il-pellegrinaġġ rispettiv tagħhom minn Franza sa Santiago de Compostela.  Fl-2015, ġie distribwit fid-dinja kollha u fis-swali taċ-ċinema tal-Ewropa, tal-[[Awstralja]] u ta' [[New Zealand]]. Dan l-aħħar ixxandar fuq NPTV u għadu jintwera fil-festivals relatati mal-Ispirtwalità, mal-[[Moħħ]], mal-[[Ġisem]], mal-[[Ivvjaġġar]] u mal-[[Avventura]].

== Sit ta' Wirt Dinji ==
Il-Camino Francés jew ir-Rotta minn Franza ilu [[Sit ta' Wirt Dinji]] tal-[[UNESCO]] fi Spanja mill-1993 u fl-2015 ġie estiż bir-Rotot tat-Tramuntana ta' Spanja wkoll. Il-valur universali straordinarju ġie rrikonoxxut mill-UNESCO abbażi ta' tliet kriterji tal-għażla: il-kriterju (ii) &quot;Wirja ta' skambju importanti ta' valuri umani, tul perjodu ta' żmien jew fi ħdan żona kulturali fid-dinja, dwar l-iżviluppi fl-arkitettura jew it-teknoloġija, l-arti monumentali, l-ippjanar tal-bliet jew id-disinn tal-pajsaġġ&quot;; il-kriterju (iv) &quot;Eżempju straordinarju ta' tip ta' bini, ta' grupp ta' siti jew ta' pajsaġġ arkitettoniku jew teknoloġiku li joħroġ fid-dieher stadju/i sinifikanti fl-istorja tal-bniedem&quot;; u l-kriterju (vi) &quot;Assoċjazzjoni diretta jew tanġibbli ma' avvenimenti jew ma' tradizzjonijiet ħajjin, ma' ideat jew ma' twemmin, jew ma' xogħlijiet artistiċi jew letterarji ta' valur universali straordinarju&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== Referenzi ==
{{referenzi}}

[[Kategorija:Siti ta' Wirt Dinji]]
[[Kategorija:Knisja Kattolika]]
[[Kategorija:Franza]]
[[Kategorija:Spanja]]</text>
      <sha1>1l71tjcj2c4ug6kk1ulbcqzj4iwh5mn</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Canaletto</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>27556</id>
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        <username>Archaeodontosaurus</username>
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      <comment>/* Xogħlijiet ewlenin */</comment>
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      <text bytes="129504" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox bijografija}}

'''Giovanni Antonio Canal''' (twieled fit-18 ta' Ottubru 1697 – miet fid-19 ta' April 1768)&lt;ref&gt;Filippo Pedrocco (1995). ''Canaletto''. Giunti Editore. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-88-09-76198-8&lt;/bdi&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt;, magħruf l-iktar bħala '''Canaletto''' ([kanaˈletto])&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=http://www.dipionline.it/dizionario/ricerca?lemma=canaletto|titlu=DiPI Online - Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana|sit=www.dipionline.it|data-aċċess=2021-10-28}}&lt;/ref&gt;, kien pittur [[Taljan]] mir-Repubblika ta' [[Venezja]], u huwa meqjus bħala membru importanti tal-iskola Venezjana tas-seklu 18.

Huwa kien pittur tal-veduti fil-bliet, fosthom Venezja, [[Ruma]] u [[Londra]], u kien ipitter ukoll veduti immaġinarji (imsejħa kapriċċi), għalkemm id-demarkazzjoni fix-xogħlijiet tiegħu bejn ir-realtà u l-immaġinarju qatt mhu ċar għalkollox. Huwa kien ukoll litografu importanti u kien juża t-teknika tal-inċiżjoni. Mill-1746 sal-1756 huwa ħadem fl-[[Renju Unit|Ingilterra]] fejn pitter bosta veduti ta' Londra u ta' siti oħra inkluż il-[[Kastell ta' Warwick]] u l-[[Kastell ta' Alnwick]]. Huwa kellu suċċess kbir fl-Ingilterra, bis-saħħa tal-merkant u l-midħla tal-qasam Brittaniku [[Joseph Smith]] &quot;il-Konslu&quot;, li kellu kollezzjoni kbira ta' xogħlijiet ta' Canaletto li nbigħu lir-Re [[Ġorġ III]] fl-1762.&lt;ref&gt;Alice Binion and Lin Barton. &quot;Canaletto.&quot; Grove Art Online. Oxford Art Online. Oxford University Press&lt;/ref&gt;

== Karriera bikrija ==
Canaletto twieled f'Venezja u kien iben il-pittur [[Bernardo Canal]], u għalhekk kien jissejjaħ bil-mononimu ''Canaletto'' (&quot;iż-żgħir tal-familja Canal&quot;), u [[Artemisia Barbieri]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://www.nga.gov/collection/artist-info.1080.html|titlu=Artist Info|sit=www.nga.gov|data-aċċess=2021-10-28}}&lt;/ref&gt; Canaletto għamel apprendistat ma' missieru u ma' ħuh bħala pittur tax-xeni teatrali. Meta kien jgħix f'Ruma huwa ħadem ma' missieru fil-produzzjoni tax-xenarji għal żewġ opri tal-[[kompożitur]] [[Alessandro Scarlatti]], ''Tito Sempronio Greco'' u ''Turno Aricino,'' li saru fit-Teatru Catranica matul l-istaġun tal-[[karnival]] tal-1720.

Canaletto kien ispirat mill-vedutista Ruman [[Giovanni Paolo Pannini]], u beda jpitter il-ħajja ta' kuljum tal-belt u tan-nies tagħha.

Wara li rritorna minn Ruma fl-1719, huwa beda jpitter bl-istil topografiku tiegħu.&lt;ref&gt;Haldane MacFall (20 September 2004). ''A History of Painting: Later Italians and Genius of Spain Part Three''. Kessinger Publishing. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-1-4179-4508-5&lt;/bdi&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt; L-ewwel xogħol magħruf bil-firma u bid-data huwa dak ta' ''Kapriċċ Arkitettoniku'' (1723, [[Milan]], f'kollezzjoni privata). Hu u jistudja ma' [[Luca Carlevarijs]], pittur rinomat tal-pajsaġġi urbani, malajr sar kapaċi daqs l-[[għalliem]] tiegħu.&lt;ref&gt;Betsy Dru Tecco. ''Pk:how to Draw Italy''. PowerKids Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-8239-6686-8&lt;/bdi&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt;

Fl-1725, il-pittur [[Alessandro Marchesini]], li kien ukoll ix-xerrej għall-kollezzjonista tal-[[arti]] minn [[Lucca]], [[Stefano Conti]], kien tkixxef biex jixtri żewġ &quot;veduti ta' Venezja&quot; oħrajn, meta l-aġent ħeġġu jikkunsidra minflok ix-xogħol ta' &quot;Antonio Canale... li qisu bħal ta' Carlevaris, iżda tista' tara x-[[xemx]] tiżreġ fihom&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;Constable, W.G (1962). ''Canaletto, Giovanni Antonio Canal 1697-1768, Volume One: Life and Work, The Plates''. Oxford, Clarendon Press. p. 9. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;0198173245&lt;/bdi&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;J.G. Links, ''Canaletto and his patrons'', Granada Publishing/Paul Elek Ltd., London 1977, p. 1.&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Pitturi fil-beraħ ===
Il-biċċa l-kbira tal-arti bikrija ta' Canaletto pittirha &quot;min-natura&quot;, u mhux bħal prassi tas-soltu ta' dak iż-żmien fejn il-pitturi kien isiru l-iktar fl-istudjo. Minkejja dan, uħud mix-xogħlijiet tiegħu li saru iktar tard, saru fil-fatt fi studjo, kif tissuġġerixxi t-tendenza li l-figuri 'il bogħod jitpittru bħala ċapep tal-kulur – effett li possibbilment kien jinħoloq bl-użu ta' ''camera obscura'', li ċċajpar l-oġġetti iktar 'il bogħod – għalkemm ir-riċerka li saret mill-istoriċi ta[[L-Arti|l-arti]] tal-Kollezzjoni Rjali fir-[[Renju Unit]] uriet li Canaletto kważi qatt ma uża ''camera obscura''.&lt;ref&gt;Hannah Furness, 'Royal Collection uses infrared to prove Canaletto did not trace his drawings' in ''The Daily Telegraph''&lt;/ref&gt;

Madankollu, il-pitturi tiegħu lkoll huma magħrufin għall-akkuratezza tagħhom: huwa rrappreżenta l-marea staġonali li tgħerreq lil Venezja fl-ilma u fis-silġ.&lt;ref&gt;C. A. Fletcher; T. Spencer (14 July 2005). ''Flooding and Environmental Challenges for Venice and its Lagoon: State of Knowledge''. Cambridge University Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-521-84046-0&lt;/bdi&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Xogħol bikri u iktar tard ===
Ix-xogħlijiet bikrin ta' Canaletto huma fost l-iktar imfittxija, u skont ħafna awtoritajiet huma l-aqwa xogħlijiet tiegħu. Waħda mill-opri bikrin tiegħu hija dik ta' ''Campo S. Vidal e Santa Maria della Carità'' (bl-[[Lingwa Ingliża|Ingliż]]: ''The Stonemason's Yard''; għall-ħabta tal-1725, il-Gallerija Nazzjonali, Londra) li turi żona umli tax-xogħol fil-belt. Din hija meqjusa bħala waħda mill-ifjen opri tiegħu u ġiet ippreżentata minn Sir [[George Beaumont]] fl-1823 u fl-1828.

Iktar 'il quddiem, Canaletto pitter xeni grandjużi tal-kanali ta' Venezja u tal-Palazz Dukali. Il-pajsaġġi fuq skala kbira kienu juru l-lussu u t-tradizzjonijiet tal-belt li kienu bdew jispiċċaw, u fihom Canaletto juża effetti atmosferiċi u kuluri lokali qawwijin b'mod innovattiv. Għal dawn il-kwalitajiet, jista' jingħad li x-xogħlijiet tiegħu antiċipaw l-Impressjoniżmu.

Il-litografija grafika tiegħu ''S. A. Giustina in Prà della Vale'' nstabet fl-2012 fil-[[Kollezzjoni ta' Gurlitt]] fi [[Munich]].

== Xogħol fl-Ingilterra ==
Bosta mill-pitturi tiegħu nbigħu lill-Ingliżi fil-Grand Tour tagħhom, l-ewwel permezz tal-aġenzija ta' [[Owen Swiny]] u mbagħad permezz tal-bankier Joseph Smith. Fl-aħħar tas-snin 20 tas-seklu 18 kien Swiny li ħeġġeġ lill-artist ipitter veduti topografiċi żgħar ta' Venezja li jappellaw kummerċjalment għat-turisti u l-viżitaturi barranin tal-belt. Xi żmien qabel l-1728, Canaletto beda l-assoċjazzjoni tiegħu ma' Smith, negozjant u kollezzjonista Ingliż li kien jgħix f'Venezja u li ġie maħtur bħala l-Konslu Brittaniku f'Venezja fl-1744. Smith iktar 'il quddiem sar l-aġent u l-patrun prinċipali tal-artist, u xtara kważi ħamsin pittura, mija u ħamsin tpinġija, u ħmistax-il inċiżjoni litografika rari mingħand Canaletto; l-ikbar u l-ifjen grupp uniku ta' xogħlijiet tal-artist, li Smith imbagħad biegħ lir-Re Ġorġ III fl-1763.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://www.nga.gov/collection/artist-info.1080.html|titlu=Artist Info|sit=www.nga.gov|data-aċċess=2021-10-28}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Fis-snin 40 tas-seklu 18, is-suq ta' Canaletto ġie mfixkel meta l-Gwerra tas-Suċċessjoni Awstrijaka wasslet għal tnaqqis fl-għadd ta' viżitaturi Brittaniċi f'Venezja. Smith organizza wkoll il-pubblikazzjoni ta' sensiela ta' inċiżjonijiet litografiċi ta' &quot;kapriċċi&quot; (jew fantażiji arkitettoniċi) fil-''veduti ideali'' tiegħu, iżda l-qligħ ma kienx għoli biżżejjed, u fl-1746 Canaletto mar jgħix f'Londra, sabiex ikun eqreb tas-suq tiegħu.&lt;ref&gt;Williams, George G. Assisted by Marian and Geoffrey Williams. (1973) ''Guide to Literary London''. London: Batsford, p. 208. ISBN 0713401419.&lt;/ref&gt;

Fl-Ingilterra, bejn l-1749 u l-1752 Canaletto għex f'41 Beak Street fid-distrett ta' Soho f'Londra.

Huwa baqa' l-Ingilterra sal-1755, u pproduċa veduti ta' Londra (inkluż diversi veduti tal-Pont ta' Westminster, li tlesta matul is-soġġorn tiegħu) u tad-djar u tal-kastelli tal-patruni tiegħu. Dawn kienu jinkludu d-Dar ta' Northumberland għal Sir [[Hugh Smithson]], li biż-żwieġ iktar 'il quddiem sar it-tieni Earl ta' Northumberland; u l-Kastell ta' Warwick għal [[Lord Brooke]], li iktar 'il quddiem sar l-ewwel Earl ta' Warwick. Smithson kien wieħed mill-kummissarji tal-Pont ta' Westminster, u ma kinitx xi ħaġa &quot;impossibbli&quot; li kien hu li ħeġġeġ lil Canaletto jmur l-Ingilterra biex ipitter il-bidu tal-ħajja tal-pont. Il-pittura tiegħu tal-1754 tal-Pont l-Antik ta' Walton tinkludi immaġni ta' Canaletto nnifsu.&lt;ref&gt;Links, J. G. (April 1981). &quot;Canaletto in England&quot;. ''Journal of the Royal Society of Arts''. '''129''' (5297): 301, 304.&lt;/ref&gt;

Huwa spiss kien mistenni jpitter l-Ingilterra bl-istess mod kif kien pitter il-belt fejn twieled. Il-pittura ta' Canaletto bdiet tbati mir-ripetizzjoni, bdiet titlef il-fluwidità tagħha, u bdiet issir mekkanika sal-punt li l-kritiku tal-arti Ingliż [[George Vertue]] ssuġġerixxa li r-raġel li kien qed ipitter bl-isem ta' &quot;Canaletto&quot; kien impustur. Dan seta' kien marbut mal-fatt li n-neputi ta' Canaletto, [[Bernardo Bellotto]], kien qed juża l-laqam ta' zijuh ukoll; jew x'aktarx minħabba l-għajdut li kien infirex minn negozjanti tal-arti bla skrupli li kienu qed ibigħu kopji tax-xogħlijiet ta' Canaletto u kienu anzjużi li jarawh jerġa' lura f'Venezja. L-istoriku [[Michael Levey]] iddeskriva x-xogħol tiegħu minn dan il-perjodu bħal &quot;inibit&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;Michael Levey (1994). ''Painting in Eighteenth-century Venice''. Yale University Press. pp. 114–5. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-300-06057-7&lt;/bdi&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt;

Sabiex jiċħad dan l-għajdut, l-artist b'reklami f'gazzetta stieden lil &quot;kwalunkwe Ġentlom&quot; jispezzjona l-aħħar pittura tiegħu tal-Park ta' San Ġakbu fl-istudjo tiegħu f'Silver Street (issa Beak Street) qrib il-Golden Square; madankollu, ir-reputazzjoni tiegħu qatt ma rkuprat għalkollox matul ħajtu.&lt;ref&gt;John Eglin (13 January 2001). ''Venice Transfigured: The Myth of Venice in British Culture, 1660–1797''. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-312-23299-3&lt;/bdi&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt;

Wara li reġa' lura f'Venezja, Canaletto ġie elett fl-Akkademja Venezjana fl-1763 u nħatar bħala pirjol tal-Kulleġġ tal-Pitturi (bit-[[Lingwa Taljana|Taljan]]: ''Collegio dei Pittori''). Huwa kompla jpitter sa [[Mewt|mewtu]] fl-1768. Lejn l-aħħar ta' ħajtu spiss kien jaħdem abbażi ta' skizzi antiki, iżda xi kultant kien jipproduċi kompożizzjonijiet ġodda sorprendenti. Huwa kien lest jagħmel alterazzjonijiet sottili fit-topografija biex joħloq effett artistiku.

== Suq ==
[[Stampa:House of Canaletto, Venice.jpg|xellug|daqsminuri|239x239px|Il-post fejn twieled Canaletto]]
Fost l-istudenti tiegħu kien hemm in-neputi Bernardo Bellotto, [[Francesco Guardi|Franzasco Guardi]], [[Michele Marieschi]], [[Gabriele Bella]], u [[Giuseppe Moretti]]. Il-pittur [[Giuseppe Bernardino Bison]] kien segwaċi tal-istil tiegħu.

Joseph Smith biegħ il-biċċa l-kbira tal-kollezzjoni tiegħu lir-Re Ġorġ III, u b'hekk ħoloq il-maġġoranza tal-kollezzjoni l-kbira ta' xogħlijiet ta' Canaletto f'idejn il-Kollezzjoni Rjali. Fl-1762, ir-Re Ġorġ III ħallas £20,000 għall-kollezzjoni tal-Konslu Smith ta' 50 pittura u 142 tpinġija. Hemm bosta eżempji tax-xogħlijiet tiegħu f'kollezzjonijiet Brittaniċi oħra, inkluż 19 fil-Kollezzjoni ta' Wallace u sett ta' 24 fil-kamra tal-pranzu fl-[[Abbazija ta' Woburn]]. Sett kbir ta' xogħlijiet ta' Canaletto kien parti wkoll mill-kollezzjoni tal-Earls ta' [[Carlisle]], madankollu ħafna ntilfu fin-nirien tal-1940 li ħakmu l-[[Kastell ta' Howard]] u oħrajn inbigħu matul l-aħħar seklu. Fost dawk li qabel kienu fil-kollezzjoni ta' Carlisle hemm ''Il-Baċir ta' San Mark: lejn il-Lvant'', li issa jinsab fil-Mużew tal-Belle Arti ta' [[Boston]], l-[[Stati Uniti|Istati Uniti]] (inbigħ fl-1939) u l-par ''Daħla sal-Canal Grande mill-Moll, Venezja'' u ''Il-Pjazza ta' San Mark, Venezja'', li issa jinsab fil-Gallerija Nazzjonali tal-Arti ta' [[Washington DC]] (inbigħ fl-1938). L-aħħar veduta Venezjana importanti fil-Kastell ta' Howard saret minn Bernardo Bellotto, ''Veduta tal-Canal Grande min-Nofsinhar tal-Palazzo Foscari'', li nbigħet minn Sotheby's f'Lulju 2015 għal £2.6 miljun.

Il-veduti ta' Canaletto dejjem inbiegħu għal prezzijiet għoljin, u diġà fis-seklu 18 [[Katarina l-Kbira]] u monarki [[Ewropa|Ewropej]] oħra kienu jikkompetu għall-aqwa pitturi tiegħu. Il-prezz rekord f'irkant għal pittura ta' Canaletto huwa ta' £18.6 miljun għall-''Veduta tal-Canal Grande minn Palazzo Balbi lejn ir-Rialto'', li nbigħet minn Sotheby's f'Londra f'Lulju 2005.

== Xogħlijiet ewlenin ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
!Pittura
!Titlu
!Data
!Post
|-
|[[File:Canaletto,_Venice_1697-1768,_Campo_San_Giacomo_di_Rialto,_Venice,_pen_and_brown_ink.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto,_Venice_1697-1768,_Campo_San_Giacomo_di_Rialto,_Venice,_pen_and_brown_ink.jpg|128x128px]]
|Campo San Giacomo di Rialto, Venezja
|1697–1768
|Sotheby's – il-[[Belt ta' New York]]
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_Canal_Scene,_Venice_-_Walters_371020.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_Canal_Scene,_Venice_-_Walters_371020.jpg|128x128px]]
|Xena ta' Kanal, Venezja – Walters
|1697–1768
|Walters Art Museum – Baltimore, l-Istati Uniti
|-
|[[File:(Narbonne) Vue de la place Saint Marc à Venise - Antonio Canal - Musée des Beaux-Arts de Narbonne.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Antonio_Canal--Vue_de_la_place_Saint_Marc.jpg|128x128px]]
|Il-[[Pjazza]] ta' San Mark
|1697–1768
|Musée d'art et d'histoire de Narbonne – [[Franza]]
|-
|[[File:Bemberg_Fondation_Toulouse_-_Le_Grand_Canal_à_Sainte_Lucie_-_Canaletto_1009.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Bemberg_Fondation_Toulouse_-_Le_Grand_Canal_%C3%A0_Sainte_Lucie_-_Canaletto_1009.jpg|128x128px]]
|Il-Canal Grande f'Santa Lucia
|1697–1768
|Fondazzjoni Bemberg – [[Toulouse]], Franza
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_carita.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_carita.jpg|128x128px]]
|Il-Canal Grande minn Campo della Carità
|1697–1768
|Gallerie dell'Accademia, l-[[Italja]]
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_(II)_026.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_(II)_026.jpg|128x128px]]
|Il-Pjazza ta' San Giacomo di Rialto f'Venezja
|1697–1768
|Gemäldegalerie Alte Meister, il-[[Ġermanja]]
|-
|[[File:Venise_la_place_Saint-Marc-Le_Canaletto_mg_8212.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Venise_la_place_Saint-Marc-Le_Canaletto_mg_8212.jpg|130x130px]]
|Il-Pjazza ta' San Mark f'Venezja
|1697–1768
|Musée des beaux-arts de Brest – Franza
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_(II)_008.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_(II)_008.jpg|128x128px]]
|Bla isem
|1697–1768
|Kollezzjoni Privata
|-
|
|Il-Pjazza u l-Knisja ta' San Francesco della Vigna
|1697–1768
|Kollezzjoni Privata, Milan
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_Architectural_Capriccio_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_Architectural_Capriccio_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|180x180px]]
|Kapriċċ Arkitettoniku
|1697–1768
|Il-Librerija u l-Mużew ta' Morgan – New York
|-
|
|Pjazza żgħira f'Venezja
|Seklu 18
|Alte Pinakothek, Munich, il-Ġermanja
|-
|
|Venezja: il-Canal Grande
|Seklu 18
|LLL Art Galleries
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_Piazza_San_Marco_-_WGA03883.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_Piazza_San_Marco_-_WGA03883.jpg|128x128px]]
|Kapriċċ tal-Pjazza ta' San Mark
|Snin 20 tas-seklu 18
|Metropolitan Museum of Art, Manhattan, New York
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_The_Grand_Canal_near_the_Rialto_Bridge,_Venice_-_55.103_-_Museum_of_Fine_Arts.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_The_Grand_Canal_near_the_Rialto_Bridge,_Venice_-_55.103_-_Museum_of_Fine_Arts.jpg|128x128px]]
|Il-Canal Grande ħdejn il-Pont ta' Rialto, Venezja
|Snin 20 tas-seklu 18
|Mużew tal-Belle Arti, [[Houston]], l-Istati Uniti
|-
|[[File:Canal,_Giovanni_Antonio;_Piazzetta;_1720.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canal,_Giovanni_Antonio;_Piazzetta;_1720.jpg|171x171px]]
|Il-Canal Grande ħdejn il-Pont ta' Rialto, Venezja
|1720
|L-Istitut tal-Istatistika Applikata, l-arkivju tad-dipartiment tal-arti
|-
|[[File:Pantheon-Canaletto.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Pantheon-Canaletto.jpg|128x128px]]
|Il-Panteon
|1720
|Dayton Art Institute, l-Istati Uniti
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_capriccio_gotica.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_capriccio_gotica.jpg|128x128px]]
|Kapriċċ bi knisja [[Gotiku|Gotika]] u l-laguna
|għall-ħabta tal-1720–21
|Galleria d'Italia – Palazzo Leoni Montanari, [[Vicenza]]
|-
|[[File:Ca'_Rezzonico_-_Canal_Grande_da_Palazzo_Balbi_a_Rialto_C.1722_-_Canaletto.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ca'_Rezzonico_-_Canal_Grande_da_Palazzo_Balbi_a_Rialto_C.1722_-_Canaletto.jpg|128x128px]]
|Il-Canal Grande, lejn il-Grigal mill-Palazo Balbi lejn in-naħa tal-Pont ta' Rialto
|1720–1723
|Ca' Rezzonico, Venezja, l-Italja
|-
|[[File:San_Cristoforo,_San_Michele,_and_Murano_from_the_Fondamenta_Nuove,_Venice_(1722).jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:San_Cristoforo,_San_Michele,_and_Murano_from_the_Fondamenta_Nuove,_Venice_(1722).jpg|128x128px]]
|San Cristoforo, San Michele u [[Murano]] mill-Fondamenta Nuove, Venezja
|1722–23
|Dallas Museum of Art, Dallas, [[Texas]], l-Istati Uniti
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_The_Grand_Canal_in_Venice_with_the_Palazzo_Corner_Ca'Grande_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_The_Grand_Canal_in_Venice_with_the_Palazzo_Corner_Ca'Grande_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|128x128px]]
|Il-Canal Grande f'Venezja b'Palazz fir-Rokna tal-kanal
|1722–23
|Gallerija ta' Kapulavuri ta' Pitturi Antiki
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_Piazza_di_San_Marco,_em_Veneza.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_Piazza_di_San_Marco,_em_Veneza.jpg|128x128px]]
|Il-Pjazza ta' San Mark, Venezja
|1723
|Instituto Ricardo Brennand (IRB), il-[[Brażil]]
|-
|
|Il-Pjazza ta' San Mark f'Venezja lejn il-Punent bit-Torri tal-Kampnar
|1723
|House of Liechtenstein, [[Liechtenstein]]
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_The_Piazza_San_Marco_in_Venice_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_The_Piazza_San_Marco_in_Venice_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|128x128px]]
|Il-Pjazza ta' San Mark lejn il-Lvant tul il-Linja Ċentrali
|1723–24
|Mużew Thyssen-Bornemisza, [[Madrid]], [[Spanja]]
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_Grand_Canal,_Looking_East_from_the_Campo_San_Vio_-_WGA03847.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_Grand_Canal,_Looking_East_from_the_Campo_San_Vio_-_WGA03847.jpg|128x128px]]
|Il-Canal Grande lejn il-Lvant minn Campo San Vio
|1723–24
|Mużew Thyssen-Bornemisza, Madrid, Spanja
|-
|[[File:Ca'_Rezzonico_-_Il_rio_dei_Mendicanti_-_Canaletto.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ca'_Rezzonico_-_Il_rio_dei_Mendicanti_-_Canaletto.jpg|128x128px]]
|Rio dei Mendicanti
|1723–24
|Ca' Rezzonico, Venezja, l-Italja
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_Piazza_San_Marco_looking_west_towards_San_Geminiano_RCIN_405935.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_Piazza_San_Marco_looking_west_towards_San_Geminiano_RCIN_405935.jpg|128x128px]]
|Il-Pjazza ta' San Mark lejn il-Punent fin-naħa ta' San Geminiano
|1723–24
|Kollezzjoni Rjali, ir-Renju Unit
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_The_Rio_dei_Mendicanti_(detail)_-_WGA03845.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_The_Rio_dei_Mendicanti_(detail)_-_WGA03845.jpg|152x152px]]
|Rio dei Mendicanti
|1723–24
|Ca' Rezzonico, Venezja
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_The_Piazzetta_towards_San_Giorgio_Maggiore_-_WGA03873.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_The_Piazzetta_towards_San_Giorgio_Maggiore_-_WGA03873.jpg|150x150px]]
|Il-Pjazzetta lejn San Giorgio Maggiore
|għall-ħabta tal-1724
|Kollezzjoni Rjali, Palazz ta' , l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_The_Grand_Canal,_Venice,_Looking_North_East_from_the_Palazzo_Balbi_to_the_Rialto_Bridge_ERY_FG_95995.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_The_Grand_Canal,_Venice,_Looking_North_East_from_the_Palazzo_Balbi_to_the_Rialto_Bridge_ERY_FG_95995.jpg|128x128px|''The Grand Canal, Venice, Looking North East from the Palazzo Balbi to the Rialto Bridge'']]
|Il-Canal Grande, Venezja, lejn il-Grigal minn Palazzo Balbi lejn il-Pont ta' Rialto (1)
|għall-ħabta tal-1724
|Kollezzjoni Privata
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_Venice_-_The_Grand_Canal,_Looking_North-East_from_Palazzo_Balbi_to_the_Rialto_Bridge_-_WGA03851.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_Venice_-_The_Grand_Canal,_Looking_North-East_from_Palazzo_Balbi_to_the_Rialto_Bridge_-_WGA03851.jpg|128x128px|''The Grand Canal, Looking North-East from Palazzo Balbi to the Rialto Bridge'']]
|Il-Canal Grande, Venezja, lejn il-Grigal minn Palazzo Balbi lejn il-Pont ta' Rialto (2)
|għall-ħabta tal-1724
|Kollezzjoni Privata
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_The_Grand_Canal_looking_south-west_from_the_Rialto_to_Ca’_Foscari_RCIN_406890.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_The_Grand_Canal_looking_south-west_from_the_Rialto_to_Ca%E2%80%99_Foscari_RCIN_406890.jpg|128x128px|''The Grand Canal looking south-west from the Rialto to Ca’ Foscari'']]
|Il-Canal Grande lejn il-Lbiċ mir-Rialto lejn Ca’ Foscari
|1724–25
|Kollezzjoni Rjali, ir-[[Russja]]
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_The_Riva_degli_Schiavoni_-_WGA03889.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_The_Riva_degli_Schiavoni_-_WGA03889.jpg|128x128px|''The Riva degli Schiavoni'']]
|Riva degli Schiavoni
|1724–30
|Kunsthistorisches Museum, [[Vjenna]], l-[[Awstrija]]
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal_-_Dogana.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal_-_Dogana.jpg|128x128px|''Dogana'']]
|Id-Dwana
|1724-30
|Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vjenna
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_The_Stonemason's_Yard.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_The_Stonemason's_Yard.jpg|128x128px|''The Stonemason's Yard'']]
|''Campo S. Vidal e Santa Maria della Carità''
|għall-ħabta tal-1725
|Il-Gallerija Nazzjonali, Londra, l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_Rio_dei_Mendicanti_-_Looking_South_-_WGA03855.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_Rio_dei_Mendicanti_-_Looking_South_-_WGA03855.jpg|128x128px]]
|Rio dei Mendicanti: lejn in-Nofsinhar
|għall-ħabta tal-1725
|Gemäldegalerie Alte Meister, [[Dresden]], il-Ġermanja
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_Entrance_to_the_Grand_Canal_-_Looking_East_-_WGA03858.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_Entrance_to_the_Grand_Canal_-_Looking_East_-_WGA03858.jpg|128x128px]]
|Id-Daħla ta' Canal Grande – lejn il-Lvant
|1725
|Gemäldegalerie Alte Meister, Dresden, il-Ġermanja
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_Grand_Canal_-_Looking_North-East_toward_the_Rialto_Bridge_(detail)_-_WGA03857.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_Grand_Canal_-_Looking_North-East_toward_the_Rialto_Bridge_(detail)_-_WGA03857.jpg|128x128px]]
|Canal Grande – lejn il-Grigal lejn il-Pont ta' Rialto (dettall)
|1725
|Gemäldegalerie Alte Meister, Dresden, il-Ġermanja
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_Doge_Palace_-_WGA03854.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_Doge_Palace_-_WGA03854.jpg|128x128px|''Doge Palace'']]
|Il-Palazz Dukali
|1725
|Columbia Museum of Art, l-Istati Uniti
|-
|
|Il-Parvis tal-knejjes ta' San Ġwann u ta' [[Pawlu l-Appostlu|San Pawl]]
|1725
|Gemäldegalerie Alte Meister, il-Ġermanja
|-
|[[File:Antonio_Canal_-_Il_Canal_Grande_dalle_prossimità_del_ponte_di_Rialto.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Antonio_Canal_-_Il_Canal_Grande_dalle_prossimit%C3%A0_del_ponte_di_Rialto.jpg|128x128px|''Il Canal Grande dalle prossimità del ponte di Rialto'']]
|Il-Canal Grande mill-Pont ta' Rialto
|1725
|Pinacoteca Giovanni e Marella Agnelli, [[Torino]], l-Italja
|-
|[[File:Antonio_Canal_-_Il_ponte_di_Rialto_da_nord.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Antonio_Canal_-_Il_ponte_di_Rialto_da_nord.jpg|128x128px|''Il ponte di Rialto da nord'']]
|Il-Pont ta' Rialto mit-Tramuntana
|1725
|Pinacoteca Giovanni e Marella Agnelli, Torino, l-Italja
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_The_Grand_Canal_near_the_Ponte_di_Rialto_-_WGA03852.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_The_Grand_Canal_near_the_Ponte_di_Rialto_-_WGA03852.jpg|128x128px|''The Grand Canal near the Ponte di Rialto '']]
|Il-Canal Grande qrib il-Pont ta' Rialto
|1725
|Kollezzjoni Privata
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_The_Bacino_di_San_Marco,_Venice,_Seen_from_the_Giudecca_NTII_UPH_446806.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_The_Bacino_di_San_Marco,_Venice,_Seen_from_the_Giudecca_NTII_UPH_446806.jpg|128x128px|''The Bacino di San Marco, Venice'']]
|Il-Baċir ta' San Mark, Venezja
|1725–26
|Is-Sala ta' Farnborough, Warwickshire
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_San_Giacomo_di_Rialto_-_WGA03860.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_San_Giacomo_di_Rialto_-_WGA03860.jpg|128x128px|''San Giacomo di Rialto '']]
|San Giacomo di Rialto
|1725–26
|Gemäldegalerie Alte Meister
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_View_of_the_Isles_of_San_Michele,_San_Cristoforo_and_Murano_from_the_Fondamenta_Nuove,_between_1725_and_1728.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_View_of_the_Isles_of_San_Michele,_San_Cristoforo_and_Murano_from_the_Fondamenta_Nuove,_between_1725_and_1728.jpg|128x128px|''View of the Isles of San Michele, San Cristoforo and Murano from the Fondamenta Nuove'']]
|Veduta tal-Gżejjer ta' San Michele, San Cristoforo u Murano mill-Fondamenta Nuove
|1725–28
|[[Hermitage]], [[San Pietruburgu]], ir-Russja
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_View_of_San_Giovanni_dei_Battuti_at_Murano_-_WGA03870.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_View_of_San_Giovanni_dei_Battuti_at_Murano_-_WGA03870.jpg|128x128px]]
|Veduta tal-Knisja ta' San Giovanni dei Battuti fuq il-gżira ta' Murano
|1725–1728
|Hermitage, San Pietruburgu, ir-Russja
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_A_View_of_Dolo_on_the_Brenta_Canal,_c._1727_-_1735.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_A_View_of_Dolo_on_the_Brenta_Canal,_c._1727_-_1735.jpg|128x128px|''A View of Dolo on the Brenta Canal'']]
|Vedita ta' Dolo fuq il-Kanal ta' Brenta
|1725–1729
|Ashmolean Museum, [[Oxford]], l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_Venice_-_The_Piazzetta_Looking_South-west_towards_S._Maria_della_Salute_-_WGA03871.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_Venice_-_The_Piazzetta_Looking_South-west_towards_S._Maria_della_Salute_-_WGA03871.jpg|163x163px|''The Piazzetta Looking South-west towards S. Maria della Salute'']]
|Il-Pjazzetta lejn il-Lbiċ lejn S. Maria della Salute
|1725–1730
|Kollezzjoni Rjali fil-[[Kastell ta' Windsor]], l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_The_Piazzetta_Looking_towards_the_Torre_dell'Orologio_-_WGA03976.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_The_Piazzetta_Looking_towards_the_Torre_dell'Orologio_-_WGA03976.jpg|164x164px|''The Piazzetta Looking towards the Torre dell'Orologio'']]
|Il-Pjazzetta lejn it-Torre dell'Orologio
|1725–1730
|Kollezzjoni Rjali fil-Kastell ta' Windsor, l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_San_Giacomo_di_Rialto_-_WGA03860.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_San_Giacomo_di_Rialto_-_WGA03860.jpg|128x128px]]
|San Giacomo di Rialto
|1725–26
|Gemäldegalerie Alte Meister, Dresden, il-Ġermanja
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_The_Grand_Canal_near_Santa_Maria_della_Carità_-_WGA03863.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_The_Grand_Canal_near_Santa_Maria_della_Carit%C3%A0_-_WGA03863.jpg|128x128px]]
|Il-Canal Grande ħdejn San Maria della Carità
|1726
|Pinacoteca Giovanni e Marella Agnelli, Torino, l-Italja
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_Santi_Giovanni_e_Paolo_and_the_Scuola_di_San_Marco_-_WGA03862.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_Santi_Giovanni_e_Paolo_and_the_Scuola_di_San_Marco_-_WGA03862.jpg|128x128px]]
|Santi Giovanni e Paolo u l-Iskola ta' San Mark
|1726
|Kollezzjoni Privata
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_The_Bacino_di_San_Marco,_Venice,_Seen_from_the_Giudecca_NTII_UPH_446806.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_The_Bacino_di_San_Marco,_Venice,_Seen_from_the_Giudecca_NTII_UPH_446806.jpg|128x128px|''The Bacino di San Marco, Venice, Seen from the Giudecca'']]
|Il-Baċir ta' San Mark, Venezja, mill-Giudecca
|1726
|Upton House, National Trust, l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_Grand_Canal_-_Looking_from_Palazzo_Balbi_-_WGA03875.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_Grand_Canal_-_Looking_from_Palazzo_Balbi_-_WGA03875.jpg|128x128px]]
|Il-Canal Grande: minn Palazzo Balbi
|għall-ħabta tal-1726
|Gemäldegalerie Alte Meister, Dresden, il-Ġermanja
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_Grand_Canal_-_Looking_North_from_Near_the_Rialto_Bridge_-_WGA03874.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_Grand_Canal_-_Looking_North_from_Near_the_Rialto_Bridge_-_WGA03874.jpg|128x128px]]
|Il-Canal Grande: lejn it-Tramuntana mill-Pont ta' Rialto (1)
|għall-ħabta tal-1726
|Gemäldegalerie Alte Meister, Dresden, il-Ġermanja
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_The_Grand_Canal_Looking_North_from_the_Rialto_RCIN_406017.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_The_Grand_Canal_Looking_North_from_the_Rialto_RCIN_406017.jpg|128x128px|''The Grand Canal Looking North from the Rialto'']]
|Il-Canal Grande: lejn it-Tramuntana mill-Pont ta' Rialto (2)
|1726–27
|Kollezzjoni Rjali fil-Kastell ta' Windsor, l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_Rialto_Bridge_from_the_North_RCIN_400668.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_Rialto_Bridge_from_the_North_RCIN_400668.jpg|128x128px|''Rialto Bridge from the North '']]
|Il-Pont ta' Rialto mit-Tramuntana
|1726–27
|Kollezzjoni Rjali, l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_The_Grand_Canal_with_the_Scalzi_and_S._Simeone_Piccolo_RCIN_407267.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_The_Grand_Canal_with_the_Scalzi_and_S._Simeone_Piccolo_RCIN_407267.jpg|128x128px|''The Grand Canal with the Scalzi and S. Simeone Piccolo'']]
|Il-Canal Grande bl-iScalzi u S. Simeone Piccolo
|1726–27
|Kollezzjoni Rjali, l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:Canaletto,_The_Reception_of_the_French_Ambassador_Jacques–Vincent_Languet,_Compte_de_Gergy_at_the_Doge’s_Palace,_4_November_1726.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto,_The_Reception_of_the_French_Ambassador_Jacques%E2%80%93Vincent_Languet,_Compte_de_Gergy_at_the_Doge%E2%80%99s_Palace,_4_November_1726.jpg|128x128px]]
|Ir-Riċeviment tal-Ambaxxatur Franċiż [[Jacques–Vincent Languet]], Comte de Gergy fil-Palazz Dukali, Venezja
|1726–27
|Hermitage, San Pietruburgu, ir-Russja
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_S._Geremia_and_the_Entrance_to_the_Cannaregio_RCIN_400532.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_S._Geremia_and_the_Entrance_to_the_Cannaregio_RCIN_400532.jpg|128x128px]]
|Venezja: S. Geremia u d-Daħal għal Cannaregio
|1726–1727
|Kollezzjoni Rjali, Kastell ta' Windsor, l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_The_Grand_Canal_looking_south_from_Ca’_Foscari_to_the_Carità_RCIN_401404.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_The_Grand_Canal_looking_south_from_Ca%E2%80%99_Foscari_to_the_Carit%C3%A0_RCIN_401404.jpg|128x128px]]
|Il-Canal Grande min-Nofsinhar min Ca’ Foscari lejn Carità
|1726–1727
|Kollezzjoni Rjali, ir-Russja
|-
|[[File:Canaletto-Embouchure_du_grand_canal-musée_de_Grenoble.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto-Embouchure_du_grand_canal-mus%C3%A9e_de_Grenoble.jpg|128x128px]]
|Id-Daħla ta' Canal Grande
|1726–28
|Musée de Grenoble, Franza
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_Veduta_del_Canal_Grande_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_Veduta_del_Canal_Grande_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|128x128px]]
|Veduta tal-Canal Grande
|1726–28
|Galleria degli Uffizi, [[Firenze]], l-Italja
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_The_Stonemason's_Yard.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_The_Stonemason's_Yard.jpg|128x128px]]
|Campo S. Vidal u Santa Maria della Carità
|1726–1730 (jew 1727)
|Il-Gallerija Nazzjonali, Londra, l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_(II)_001.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_(II)_001.jpg|180x180px|''View of the Grand Canal'']]
|Veduta tal-Canal Grande
|1726–28
|Galleria degli Uffizi, Firenze
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_Grand_Canal_-_The_Rialto_Bridge_from_the_South_-_WGA03866.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_Grand_Canal_-_The_Rialto_Bridge_from_the_South_-_WGA03866.jpg|128x128px]]
|Canal Grande – Il-Pont ta' Rialto min-Nofsinhar
|1727
|Is-Sala ta' Holkham
|-
|[[File:View_of_Santa_Maria_della_Salute_from_the_entrance_of_the_Great_Canal_mg_0169.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:View_of_Santa_Maria_della_Salute_from_the_entrance_of_the_Great_Canal_mg_0169.jpg|128x128px]]
|Veduta of the Salute Church from the entrance to Canal Grande detalle
|1727
|Musées de la Ville de [[Strasburgu|Strasbourg]]
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_The_Grand_Canal_from_the_Palazzo_Vendramin-Calergi_towards_S._Geremia_RCIN_406982.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_The_Grand_Canal_from_the_Palazzo_Vendramin-Calergi_towards_S._Geremia_RCIN_406982.jpg|128x128px]]
|Venezja: Canal Grande from the Palazzo Vendramin-Calergi towards S. Geremia
|1727–28
|Kollezzjoni Rjali, Kastell ta' Windsor, l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_Bucentaur's_return_to_the_pier_by_the_Palazzo_Ducale_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_Bucentaur's_return_to_the_pier_by_the_Palazzo_Ducale_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|128x128px|''Return of the [[Bucentaur|Bucintoro]] to the [[Molo (monument)|Molo]] on [[Ascension Day]]'', painted 1729–32]]
|Ritorn tal-Bucintoro lejn il-Moll f'Jum it-Tlugħ is-Sema
|1727–1732
|Kollezzjoni Rjali, Kastell ta' Windsor, l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal_-_Benetke,_pogled_s_San_Giorgio_Maggiore.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal_-_Benetke,_pogled_s_San_Giorgio_Maggiore.jpg|128x128px|''Benetke, pogled s San Giorgio Maggiore'']]
|San Giorgio Maggiore
|1727–1730
|Pomurje Museum Murska Sobota, is-[[Slovenja]]
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_The_Grand_Canal_from_the_Campo_San_Vio,_Venice_NGS_NGS_NG_17.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_The_Grand_Canal_from_the_Campo_San_Vio,_Venice_NGS_NGS_NG_17.jpg|128x128px]]
|Canal Grande minn Campo San Vio
|1728
|Il-Gallerija Nazzjonali tal-[[Skozja|Iskozja]]
|-
|[[File:The_Clock_Tower_in_the_Piazza_San_Marco,_Canaletto,_1728-1730_-_Nelson-Atkins_Museum_of_Art_-_DSC08855.JPG|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:The_Clock_Tower_in_the_Piazza_San_Marco,_Canaletto,_1728-1730_-_Nelson-Atkins_Museum_of_Art_-_DSC08855.JPG|128x128px]]
|It-Torre dell'Orologio fil-Pjazza ta' San Mark
|1728–1730
|Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art, Kansas City, l-Istati Uniti
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_The_Grand_Canal_near_the_Rialto_Bridge,_Venice_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_The_Grand_Canal_near_the_Rialto_Bridge,_Venice_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|128x128px]]
|Canal Grande ħdejn il-Pont ta' Rialto, Venezja
|1728–1732
|Mużew tal-Belle Arti, Houston, l-Istati Uniti
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_The_Grand_Canal_with_S._Maria_della_Salute_towards_the_Riva_degli_Schiavoni_RCIN_400520.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_The_Grand_Canal_with_S._Maria_della_Salute_towards_the_Riva_degli_Schiavoni_RCIN_400520.jpg|128x128px|''The Grand Canal with S. Maria della Salute towards the Riva degli Schiavoni '']]
|Canal Grande b'S. Maria della Salute lejn Riva degli Schiavoni
|1729–1730
|Kollezzjoni Rjali, l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_The_Grand_Canal_from_Campo_San_Vio_towards_the_Bacino_-_WGA03869.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_The_Grand_Canal_from_Campo_San_Vio_towards_the_Bacino_-_WGA03869.jpg|128x128px|''The Grand Canal from Campo San Vio towards the Bacino '']]
|Canal Grande minn Campo San Vio lejn il-Baċir
|1729–1734
|Kollezzjoni Rjali, Kastell ta' Windsor, l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:View_of_the_Grand_Canal_by_Canaletto.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:View_of_the_Grand_Canal_by_Canaletto.jpg|128x128px]]
|Veduta tal-Canal Grande
|L-aħħar tas-snin 20 tas-seklu 18
|Birmingham Museum of Art, Birmingham, Alabama, l-Istati Uniti
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_Piazza_San_Marco_-_WGA03883.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_Piazza_San_Marco_-_WGA03883.jpg|128x128px]]
|Pjazza ta' San Mark (1)
|L-aħħar tas-snin 20 tas-seklu 18
|Metropolitan Museum of Art, Manhattan, New York, l-Istati Uniti
|-
|[[File:Piazza_San_Marco_with_the_Basilica,_by_Canaletto,_1730._Fogg_Art_Museum,_Cambridge.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Piazza_San_Marco_with_the_Basilica,_by_Canaletto,_1730._Fogg_Art_Museum,_Cambridge.jpg|128x128px]]
|Pjazza ta' San Mark bil-Bażilika (2)
|għall-ħabta tal-1730
|Fogg Art Museum, l-Istati Uniti
|-
|
|Il-Palazz Dukali, Venezja
|għall-ħabta tal-1730
|Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge, l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:Tatton_Park_2016_114.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tatton_Park_2016_114.jpg|128x128px]]
|Il-Palazz Dukali u Riva degli Schiavoni, Venezja
|għall-ħabta tal-1730
|Tatton Park, National Trust, l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_Rialto_Bridge,_c._1730.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_Rialto_Bridge,_c._1730.jpg|128x128px]]
|il-Pont ta' Rialto
|għall-ħabta tal-1730
|[[Philadelphia]] Museum of Art, l-Istati Uniti
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_Reception_of_the_Ambassador_in_the_Doge's_Palace_-_WGA03886.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_Reception_of_the_Ambassador_in_the_Doge's_Palace_-_WGA03886.jpg|128x128px]]
|Riċeviment tal-Ambaxxatur fil-Palazz Dukali
|għall-ħabta tal-1730
|Kollezzjoni Privata
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_View_of_the_Grand_Canal_-_Santa_Maria_della_Salute_and_the_Dogana_from_Campo_Santa_Maria_Zobenigo_CAM_CCF_PD_106_1992.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_View_of_the_Grand_Canal_-_Santa_Maria_della_Salute_and_the_Dogana_from_Campo_Santa_Maria_Zobenigo_CAM_CCF_PD_106_1992.jpg|128x128px]]
|Veduta tal-Canal Grande: Santa Maria della Salute u d-Dwana minn Campo Santa Maria Zobenigo
|għall-ħabta tal-1730
|Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge, l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_The_Entrance_to_the_Grand_Canal,_Venice_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_The_Entrance_to_the_Grand_Canal,_Venice_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|nofs|128x128px]]
|Id-Daħla tal-Canal Grande, Venezja
|għall-ħabta tal-1730
|Mużew tal-Belle Arti, Houston, l-Istati Uniti
|-
|[[File:Tatton_Park_2016_115.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tatton_Park_2016_115.jpg|128x128px]]
|Canal Grande, Pjazzetta and Dogana, Venezja
|għall-ħabta tal-1730
|Tatton Park, National Trust, l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:Canaletto-the-piazza-san-marco,-venice,-looking-towards-the-procuratie-nuove-and-the-church-of-san-geminiano.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto-the-piazza-san-marco,-venice,-looking-towards-the-procuratie-nuove-and-the-church-of-san-geminiano.jpg|128x128px]]
|The Pjazza ta' San Mark, Venezja, looking towards the procuratie nuove and the church of San Geminiano
|għall-ħabta tal-1730
|Kollezzjoni Privata
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_'View_of_Molo',_oil_on_canvas,_c._1730s,_El_Paso_Museum_of_Art.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_'View_of_Molo',_oil_on_canvas,_c._1730s,_El_Paso_Museum_of_Art.jpg|128x128px]]
|Veduta tal-Moll, Venezja
|għall-ħabta tal-1730
|El Paso Museum of Art, l-Istati Uniti
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canaletto_-_The_Molo,_Venice,_from_the_Bacino_di_San_Marco.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canaletto_-_The_Molo,_Venice,_from_the_Bacino_di_San_Marco.jpg|128x128px|''The Molo, Venice, from the Bacino di San Marco'']]
|Il-Moll, Venezja, mill-Baċir ta' San Mark (1)
|għall-ħabta tal-1730
|Kollezzjoni Privata Edward Howard, 9th Duke of Norfolk, l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_The_Molo,_Seen_from_the_Bacino_di_San_Marco_-_WGA03903.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_The_Molo,_Seen_from_the_Bacino_di_San_Marco_-_WGA03903.jpg|128x128px|''The Molo, Seen from the Bacino di San Marco'']]
|Il-Moll, Venezja, mill-Baċir ta' San Mark (2)
|għall-ħabta tal-1730
|Musée du Louvre, [[Pariġi]], Franza
|-
|[[File:Canaletto,_il_molo_visto_dal_bacino_di_san_marco,_1730_ca._02.JPG|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto,_il_molo_visto_dal_bacino_di_san_marco,_1730_ca._02.JPG|128x128px]]
|Il-Moll, Venezja, mill-Baċir ta' San Mark (3)
|għall-ħabta tal-1730
|
|-
|[[File:Canaletto,_il_molo_visto_dal_bacino_di_san_marco,_1730_ca._03.JPG|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto,_il_molo_visto_dal_bacino_di_san_marco,_1730_ca._03.JPG|128x128px]]
|Il-Moll, Venezja, mill-Baċir ta' San Mark (4)
|għall-ħabta tal-1730
|
|-
|[[File:Canaletto,_il_molo_visto_dal_bacino_di_san_marco,_1730_ca._04.JPG|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto,_il_molo_visto_dal_bacino_di_san_marco,_1730_ca._04.JPG|128x128px]]
|Il-Moll, Venezja, mill-Baċir ta' San Mark (5)
|għall-ħabta tal-1730
|
|-
|[[File:Canaletto,_il_molo_visto_dal_bacino_di_san_marco,_1730_ca._05.JPG|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto,_il_molo_visto_dal_bacino_di_san_marco,_1730_ca._05.JPG|128x128px]]
|Il-Moll, Venezja, mill-Baċir ta' San Mark (6)
|għall-ħabta tal-1730
|
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_The_Entrance_to_the_Grand_Canal,_Venice_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_The_Entrance_to_the_Grand_Canal,_Venice_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|128x128px]]
|Id-Daħla tal-Canal Grande, Venezja
|1730
|Mużew tal-Belle Arti, Houston, US
|-
|[[File:Canaletto,_veduta_del_canale_di_santa_chiara_a_venezia,_1730_ca._05.JPG|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto,_veduta_del_canale_di_santa_chiara_a_venezia,_1730_ca._05.JPG|128x128px]]
|Veduta tal-Kanal ta' Santa Chiara, Venezja (1)
|għall-ħabta tal-1730
|Kollezzjonijiet tal-Musée Cognacq-Jay
|-
|[[File:Canaletto, il canal grande visto dal ponte di rialto, 1725 ca, detail.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto, il canal grande visto dal ponte di rialto, 1725 ca, detail.jpg|128x128px]]
|Veduta tal-Kanal ta' Santa Chiara, Venezja (2)
|għall-ħabta tal-1730
|Kollezzjonijiet tal-Musée Cognacq-Jay
|-
|[[File:Canaletto,_veduta_del_canale_di_santa_chiara_a_venezia,_1730_ca._03.JPG|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto,_veduta_del_canale_di_santa_chiara_a_venezia,_1730_ca._03.JPG|128x128px]]
|Veduta tal-Kanal ta' Santa Chiara, Venezja (3)
|għall-ħabta tal-1730
|Kollezzjonijiet tal-Musée Cognacq-Jay
|-
|[[File:Canaletto,_veduta_del_canale_di_santa_chiara_a_venezia,_1730_ca._04.JPG|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto,_veduta_del_canale_di_santa_chiara_a_venezia,_1730_ca._04.JPG|128x128px]]
|Veduta tal-Kanal ta' Santa Chiara, Venezja (4)
|għall-ħabta tal-1730
|Kollezzjonijiet tal-Musée Cognacq-Jay
|-
|[[File:'The_Piazzetta,_Venice,_Looking_North'_by_Canaletto,_Norton_Simon_Museum.JPG|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:'The_Piazzetta,_Venice,_Looking_North'_by_Canaletto,_Norton_Simon_Museum.JPG|128x128px|''The Piazzetta, Venice, Looking North'']]
|Il-Pjazzetta, Venezja, lejn it-Tramuntana
|għall-ħabta tal-1730
|Norton Simon Museum, Pasadena, California
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_The_Grand_Canal_looking_north-west_from_Ca'_Corner_to_Ca'_Contarini_degli_Scrigni,_with_the_campanile_of_Santa_Maria_della_Carità.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_The_Grand_Canal_looking_north-west_from_Ca'_Corner_to_Ca'_Contarini_degli_Scrigni,_with_the_campanile_of_Santa_Maria_della_Carit%C3%A0.jpg|128x128px|''The Grand Canal looking north-west from Ca' Corner to Ca' Contarini degli Scrigni, with the campanile of Santa Maria della Carità'']]
|Canal Grande lejn il-Majjistral sa Ca' Contarini degli Scrigni, bil-Kampnar ta' Santa Maria della Carità
|għall-ħabta tal-1730
|Norton Simon Museum, Pasadena, California
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_The_Interior_of_Henry_VII's_Chapel,_Westminster_Abbey,_London_COL_MOL_A20964.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_The_Interior_of_Henry_VII's_Chapel,_Westminster_Abbey,_London_COL_MOL_A20964.jpg|154x154px|''The Interior of Henry VII's Chapel, Westminster Abbey'']]
|Il-[[Kappella]] ta' [[Enriku VII]] minn ġewwa, l-[[Abbazija ta' Westminster]]
|għall-ħabta tal-1730
|Kollezzjoni Privata
|-
|[[File:Fonteghetto_della_farina,_Canaletto,_circa_1730.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Fonteghetto_della_farina,_Canaletto,_circa_1730.jpg|128x128px|''Fonteghetto della Farina'']]
|Fonteghetto della Farina
|għall-ħabta tal-1730
|Kollezzjoni Privata
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_View_of_the_Piazetta_with_the_Southwest_corner_of_the_Doge_Palace.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_View_of_the_Piazetta_with_the_Southwest_corner_of_the_Doge_Palace.jpg|128x128px|''View of the Piazetta with the Southwest corner of the Doge Palace'']]
|Veduta tal-Piazetta bil-parti tal-Lbiċ tal-Palazz Dukali
|għall-ħabta tal-1730
|Kollezzjoni Privata
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_Piazza_di_San_Marco,_looking_towards_the_Church_of_San_Geminiano_Woburn.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_Piazza_di_San_Marco,_looking_towards_the_Church_of_San_Geminiano_Woburn.jpg|128x128px|''Piazza di San Marco, looking towards the Church of San Geminiano Woburn'']]
|Il-Pjazza ta' San Mark, lejn il-Knisja ta' San Geminiano
|għall-ħabta tal-1730
|L-Abbazija ta' Woburn, l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_Embarkation_of_the_Doge_of_Venice,_for_the_Ceremony_of_the_Marriage_of_the_Adriatic.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_Embarkation_of_the_Doge_of_Venice,_for_the_Ceremony_of_the_Marriage_of_the_Adriatic.jpg|128x128px|''Embarkation of the Doge of Venice, for the Ceremony of the Marriage of the Adriatic'']]
|Veduta tal-Imbarkazzjoni tal-Palazz Dukali ta' Venezja, għaċ-Ċerimonja taż-Żwieġ tal-[[Baħar Adrijatiku|Adrijatiku]]
|għall-ħabta tal-1730
|L-Abbazija ta' Woburn, l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_Campo_Santa_Maria_Formosa_-_WGA03907.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_Campo_Santa_Maria_Formosa_-_WGA03907.jpg|128x128px|''Campo Santa Maria Formosa'']]
|Campo Santa Maria Formosa
|għall-ħabta tal-1730
|Kollezzjoni Privata
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_The_Bucintoro_Returning_to_the_Molo_on_Ascension_Day_after_the_Ceremony_of_Wedding_the_Adriatic_DUR_DBM_1982_32_1.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_The_Bucintoro_Returning_to_the_Molo_on_Ascension_Day_after_the_Ceremony_of_Wedding_the_Adriatic_DUR_DBM_1982_32_1.jpg|128x128px|''The Bucintoro Returning to the Molo on Ascension Day after the Ceremony of Wedding the Adriatic'']]
|Ir-Ritorn tal-Bucintoro lejn il-Moll f'Jum Tlugħ is-Sema wara ċ-Ċerimonja taż-Żwieġ tal-Adrijatiku
|għall-ħabta tal-1730
|Bowes Museum, ir-Renju Unit
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_(Giovanni_Antonio_Canal)_-_The_Grand_Canal,_Venice,_Looking_South_toward_the_Rialto_Bridge_-_2019.141.2_-_Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_(Giovanni_Antonio_Canal)_-_The_Grand_Canal,_Venice,_Looking_South_toward_the_Rialto_Bridge_-_2019.141.2_-_Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art.jpg|128x128px|''The Grand Canal, Venice, Looking South toward the Rialto Bridge'']]
|Canal Grande, Venezja, lejn in-Nofsinhar lejn il-Pont ta' Rialto
|1730–39
|Metropolitan Museum of Art, Manhattan
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_(Giovanni_Antonio_Canal)_-_The_Grand_Canal,_Venice,_Looking_Southeast,_with_the_Campo_della_Carità_to_the_Right_-_2019.141.4_-_Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_(Giovanni_Antonio_Canal)_-_The_Grand_Canal,_Venice,_Looking_Southeast,_with_the_Campo_della_Carit%C3%A0_to_the_Right_-_2019.141.4_-_Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art.jpg|128x128px|''The Grand Canal, Venice, Looking Southeast, with the Campo della Carità to the Right'']]
|Canal Grande, Venezja, lejn ix-Xlokk b'Campo della Carità fuq il-lemin
|1730–39
|Metropolitan Museum of Art, Manhattan
|-
|[[File:Piazzetta_Riva_degli_Schiavoni,_Canaletto,_WAF137,_Alte_Pinakothek_Munich.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Piazzetta_Riva_degli_Schiavoni,_Canaletto,_WAF137,_Alte_Pinakothek_Munich.jpg|128x128px|''Piazzetta Riva degli Schiavoni, Canaletto, WAF137, Alte Pinakothek Munich'']]
|Pjazzetta Riva degli Schiavoni, Canaletto
|1730–1740
|Alte Pinakothek, Munich, il-Ġermanja
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_De_ingang_van_het_Canal_Grande_bij_de_Punta_della_Dogana_en_de_Santa_Maria_della_Salute.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_De_ingang_van_het_Canal_Grande_bij_de_Punta_della_Dogana_en_de_Santa_Maria_della_Salute.jpg|128x128px|''The Entrance to the Canal Grande at the Punta della Dogana and the Santa Maria della Salute'']]
|Id-Daħla tal-Canal Grande f'Punta della Dogana u Santa Maria della Salute
|1730–1745
|Rijksmuseum, [[Amsterdam]]
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_(II)_011.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_(II)_011.jpg|128x128px|''The Grand Canal seen from the Palazzo Balbi towards the Bridge of Rialto '']]
|Canal Grande minn Palazzo Balbi lejn il-Pont ta' Rialto
|1730–1750
|Akkademja Carrara, l-Italja
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_The_Grand_Canal_with_S._Maria_della_Salute_towards_the_Riva_degli_Schiavoni_RCIN_400520.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_The_Grand_Canal_with_S._Maria_della_Salute_towards_the_Riva_degli_Schiavoni_RCIN_400520.jpg|128x128px|''The Grand Canal with S. Maria della Salute towards the Riva degli Schiavoni'']]
|Venezja: Canal Grande b'S. Maria della Salute lejn Riva degli Schiavoni
|1730
|Kollezzjoni Rjali, Kastell ta' Windsor, l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_Piazza_San_Marco_-_the_Clocktower_-_WGA03885.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_Piazza_San_Marco_-_the_Clocktower_-_WGA03885.jpg|128x128px|''Piazza San Marco – the Clocktower'']]
|Pjazza ta' San Mark – Torre dell'Orologio
|1730
|Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art, Kansas City, US
|-
|[[File:Canaletto-Dogenpalast.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto-Dogenpalast.jpg|128x128px|''The Grand Canal with S. Maria della Salute towards the Riva degli Schiavoni'']]
|Il-Palazz Dukali
|1730
|Kollezzjoni Rjali, Kastell ta' Windsor, l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_The_Grand_Canal_from_the_Salute_towards_the_Carità_RCIN_400519.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_The_Grand_Canal_from_the_Salute_towards_the_Carit%C3%A0_RCIN_400519.jpg|128x128px|''The Grand Canal from the Salute towards the Carità'']]
|Canal Grande minn Salute lejn Carità
|1730
|Kollezzjoni Rjali, ir-Russja
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_The_Fonteghetto_della_Farina_-_WGA03888.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_The_Fonteghetto_della_Farina_-_WGA03888.jpg|128x128px|''The Fonteghetto della Farina'']]
|Il-Palazz Dukali
|1730
|Kollezzjoni Privata
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_Doge_Palace_-_WGA03854.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_Doge_Palace_-_WGA03854.jpg|128x128px|''Doge Palace '']]
|Il-Palazz Dukali
|1730
|Columbia Museum of Art, l-Istati Uniti
|-
|
|Il-Baċir ta' San Mark, lejn it-Tramuntana
|1730
|Il-Mużew Nazzjonali, [[Cardiff]], [[Wales]]
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_Venice_-_The_Canale_di_San_Marco_with_the_Bucintoro_at_Anchor_-_WGA03978.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_Venice_-_The_Canale_di_San_Marco_with_the_Bucintoro_at_Anchor_-_WGA03978.jpg|128x128px|''The Canale di San Marco with the Bucintoro at Anchor'']]
|Il-Kanal ta' San Mark mill-Bucintoro
|1730–1733
|Kastell ta' Windsor, l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_The_Bucintoro_Returning_to_the_Molo_on_Ascension_Day_-_WGA03887.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_The_Bucintoro_Returning_to_the_Molo_on_Ascension_Day_-_WGA03887.jpg|128x128px|''The Bucintoro Returning to the Molo on Ascension Day'']]
|Ir-Ritorn tal-Bucintoro lejn il-Moll f'Jum Tlugħ is-Sema
|1730–1735
|Bowes Museum, il-Kastell ta' Barnard, l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:Piazza_San_Marco_with_the_Basilica,_by_Canaletto,_1730._Fogg_Art_Museum,_Cambridge.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Piazza_San_Marco_with_the_Basilica,_by_Canaletto,_1730._Fogg_Art_Museum,_Cambridge.jpg|128x128px|''Piazza San Marco, Venice'']]
|Pjazza ta' San Mark, Venezja
|1730 –1735
|Fogg Museum, Cambridge, Massachusetts
|-
|[[File:Le_Burchiello_à_Venise_en_1730-1735_(Canaletto)_(6888692183).jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Le_Burchiello_%C3%A0_Venise_en_1730-1735_(Canaletto)_(6888692183).jpg|128x128px|''Le Burchiello à Venise'']]
|Il-Burchiello f'Venezja
|1730–1735
|Mużew Cognacq-Jay, Pariġi
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_(II)_018.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_(II)_018.jpg|128x128px|''La Piazzetta'']]
|Il-Pjazzetta
|1730–1735
|Galleria Nazionale d'Arte Antica, Ruma
|-
|[[File:A_Regatta_on_the_Grand_Canal.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:A_Regatta_on_the_Grand_Canal.jpg|128x128px|''A Regatta on the Grand Canal'']]
|Regatta fil-Canal Grande
|1730–1735
|Bowes Museum, il-Kastell ta' Barnard, l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal_-_Il_Canale_Grande_a_Rialto.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal_-_Il_Canale_Grande_a_Rialto.jpg|128x128px|''Il Canale Grande a Rialto'']]
|Il-Canale Grande u l-Pont ta' Rialto
|1730–1750
|Museo Nacional del [[Prado]], Spanja
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_(II)_020.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_(II)_020.jpg|180x180px|''La Piazzetta'']]
|Il-Pjazzetta
|1730–1750
|Galleria Nazionale d'Arte Antica, Ruma
|-
|[[File:La_Régate_sur_le_Grand_Canal.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:La_R%C3%A9gate_sur_le_Grand_Canal.jpg|128x128px|''La Régate sur le Grand Canal'']]
|Ir-Regatta fil-Canal Grande
|1731–32
|Bowes Museum, il-Kastell ta' Barnard
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_A_Regatta_on_the_Grand_Canal_-_WGA03891.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_A_Regatta_on_the_Grand_Canal_-_WGA03891.jpg|128x128px|''A Regatta on the Grand Canal '']]
|Ir-Regatta fil-Canal Grande
|1732
|Kollezzjoni Rjali fil-Kastell ta' Windsor
|-
|[[File:View_of_the_entrance_to_the_Arsenal_by_Canaletto,_1732.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:View_of_the_entrance_to_the_Arsenal_by_Canaletto,_1732.jpg|128x128px|''View of the entrance to the Arsenal'']]
|Veduta tad-daħla fl-Arsenal
|1732
|Kollezzjoni Privata
|-
|[[File:Les_rescloses_de_Dolo.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Les_rescloses_de_Dolo.jpg|128x128px|''View of the entrance to the Arsenal'']]
|Dolo
|1732–35
|Staatsgalerie [[Stuttgart]], il-Ġermanja
|-
|[[File:Canal,_Giovanni_Antonio_(Canaletto)_-_Return_of_the_Bucentoro_to_the_Molo_on_Ascension_Day,_c._1733-4._Royal_Collection_Buckingham_Palace.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canal,_Giovanni_Antonio_(Canaletto)_-_Return_of_the_Bucentoro_to_the_Molo_on_Ascension_Day,_c._1733-4._Royal_Collection_Buckingham_Palace.jpg|128x128px|''Return of the Bucentoro to the Molo on Ascension Day'']]
|Ir-Ritorn tal-Bucintoro lejn il-Moll f'Jum Tlugħ is-Sema
|1733–1734
|Kollezzjoni tal-Palazz ta' Buckingham, l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_A_View_of_the_Rialto,_Venice_CDN_SJS_SM_P61.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_A_View_of_the_Rialto,_Venice_CDN_SJS_SM_P61.jpg|128x128px|''A View of the Rialto, Venice'']]
|Veduta tar-Rialto, Venezja
|1734–35
|Mużew ta' Sir [[John Soane]], Londra, l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_The_Piazza_di_San_Marco,_Venice,_c.1734–1735.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_The_Piazza_di_San_Marco,_Venice,_c.1734%E2%80%931735.jpg|128x128px|''The Piazza di San Marco, Venice'']]
|Il-Pjazza ta' San Mark, Venezja
|1734–35
|Mużew ta' Sir John Soane, Londra, l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_The_Grand_Canal_from_Campo_San_Vio_towards_the_Bacino_-_WGA03869.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_The_Grand_Canal_from_Campo_San_Vio_towards_the_Bacino_-_WGA03869.jpg|128x128px|''Venice: the Grand Canal from Campo San Vio towards the Bacino'']]
|Venezja: Canal Grande minn Campo San Vio lejn il-Baċir
|1734–1760
|Kollezzjoni ta' Wallace, Londra, l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_The_Grand_Canal_with_S._Maria_della_Salute_towards_the_Riva_degli_Schiavoni_RCIN_400520.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_The_Grand_Canal_with_S._Maria_della_Salute_towards_the_Riva_degli_Schiavoni_RCIN_400520.jpg|128x128px|''Venice: the Grand Canal with Santa Maria della Salute towards the Riva degli Schiavoni'']]
|Venezja: Canal Grande b'Santa Maria della Salute lejn Riva degli Schiavoni
|1734–1762
|Kollezzjoni ta' Wallace, Londra, l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_Venice_the_Grand_Canal_from_the_Palazzo_Foscari_to_the_Carità,_c._1740_-_1750.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_Venice_the_Grand_Canal_from_the_Palazzo_Foscari_to_the_Carit%C3%A0,_c._1740_-_1750.jpg|128x128px|''Venice the Grand Canal from the Palazzo Foscari to the Carità'']]
|Venezja: Canal Grande minn Palazzo Foscari lejn Carità
|1734–1762
|Kollezzjoni ta' Wallace, Londra, l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_Campo_San_Rocco_-_WGA03908.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_Campo_San_Rocco_-_WGA03908.jpg|128x128px|''Campo San Rocco'']]
|Campo San Rocco
|għall-ħabta tal-1735
|Kollezzjoni Privata
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_Piazza_San_Marco,_Looking_toward_San_Geminiano_-_WGA03909.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_Piazza_San_Marco,_Looking_toward_San_Geminiano_-_WGA03909.jpg|128x128px|''Piazza San Marco, Looking toward San Geminiano'']]
|Pjazza ta' San Mark, lejn San Geminiano
|għall-ħabta tal-1735
|Galleria nazionale d'arte antica di palazzo Corsini, Ruma
|-
|[[File:'The_Molo,_Venice',_oil_on_canvas_painting_by_Canaletto.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:'The_Molo,_Venice',_oil_on_canvas_painting_by_Canaletto.jpg|128x128px|''The Molo, Venice'']]
|Il-Moll, Venezja
|għall-ħabta tal-1735
|Kimbell Art Museum, Fort Worth, Texas, l-Istati Uniti
|-
|[[File:View_of_the_Piazetta_San_Marco_Looking_South,_Canaletto_-_Indianapolis_Museum_of_Art_-_DSC00695.JPG|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:View_of_the_Piazetta_San_Marco_Looking_South,_Canaletto_-_Indianapolis_Museum_of_Art_-_DSC00695.JPG|128x128px|''View of the Piazzetta San Marco Looking South'']]
|Veduta tal-Pjazzetta ta' San Mark lejn in-Nofsinhar
|għall-ħabta tal-1735
|Indianapolis Museum of Art, Indianapolis, Indiana, l-Istati Uniti
|-
|[[File:Canal,_Giovanni_Antonio_Canal_-_Venice,_A_Regatta_on_the_Grand_Canal_-_National_Gallery_NG938.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canal,_Giovanni_Antonio_Canal_-_Venice,_A_Regatta_on_the_Grand_Canal_-_National_Gallery_NG938.jpg|128x128px|''Venice, A Regatta on the Grand Canal'']]
|Venezja: Regatta fil-Canal Grande
|1735
|Il-Gallerija Nazzjonali, Londra, l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_The_Rialto_Bridge_from_the_South_-_WGA03910.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_The_Rialto_Bridge_from_the_South_-_WGA03910.jpg|128x128px|''The Rialto Bridge from the South'']]
|Il-Pont ta' Rialto min-Nofsinhar
|1735
|Galleria Nazionale d'Arte Antica di Palazzo Corsini, l-Italja
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_The_Feast_Day_of_St_Roch_-_WGA03905.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_The_Feast_Day_of_St_Roch_-_WGA03905.jpg|128x128px|''The Feast Day of St Roch'']]
|Il-Festa ta' San Rokku
|1735
|Gallerija Nazzjonali
|-
|[[File:1735_Canaletto_Bacino_di_San_Marco_in_Venedig_anagoria.JPG|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:1735_Canaletto_Bacino_di_San_Marco_in_Venedig_anagoria.JPG|128x128px|''View of the Bacino di San Marco in Venice'']]
|Veduta tal-Baċir ta' San Mark f'Venezja
|1735
|Städel Museum, il-Ġermanja
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_The_Quay_of_the_Dogana.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_The_Quay_of_the_Dogana.jpg|128x128px|''The Feast Day of St Roch'']]
|Il-Moll tad-Dwana
|nofs is-snin 30 tas-seklu 18
|Kollezzjoni Privata
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_View_of_Campo_Santa_Maria_Formosa.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_View_of_Campo_Santa_Maria_Formosa.jpg|128x128px|''View of Campo Santa Maria Formosa'']]
|Veduta ta' Campo Santa Maria Formosa
|nofs is-snin 30 tas-seklu 18
|Kollezzjoni Privata
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_The_Entrance_to_the_Canal_Grande_at_the_Punta_della_Dogana_and_the_Santa_Maria_della_Salute_Woburn.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_The_Entrance_to_the_Canal_Grande_at_the_Punta_della_Dogana_and_the_Santa_Maria_della_Salute_Woburn.jpg|128x128px|''The Entrance to the Canal Grande at the Punta della Dogana and the Santa Maria della Salute Woburn'']]
|Id-Daħla tal-Canal Grande f'Punta della Dogana u Santa Maria della Salute
|nofs is-snin 30 tas-seklu 18
|Kollezzjoni Privata, Woburn Abbey
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_Grand_Canal_looking_East_from_Palazzo_Bembo_to_Palazzo_Vendramin-Calergi_Woburn.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_Grand_Canal_looking_East_from_Palazzo_Bembo_to_Palazzo_Vendramin-Calergi_Woburn.jpg|128x128px|''Grand Canal looking East from Palazzo Bembo to Palazzo Vendramin-Calergi Woburn'']]
|Il-Canal Grande lejn il-Lvant minn Palazzo Bembo sa Palazzo Vendramin-Calergi
|nofs is-snin 30 tas-seklu 18
|Kollezzjoni Privata
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_Piazza_di_San_Marco,_looking_towards_the_Church_of_San_Geminiano_Woburn.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_Piazza_di_San_Marco,_looking_towards_the_Church_of_San_Geminiano_Woburn.jpg|128x128px|''Piazza di San Marco, looking towards the Church of San Geminiano Woburn'']]
|Il-Pjazza ta' San Mark, lejn il-Knisja ta' San Geminiano
|nofs is-snin 30 tas-seklu 18
|Woburn Abbey
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_View_of_San_Zaccaria.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_View_of_San_Zaccaria.jpg|128x128px|''View of San Zaccaria'']]
|Veduta ta' San Zaccaria
|nofs is-snin 30 tas-seklu 18
|Kollezzjoni Privata
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_View_of_the_Equestrian_Statue_of_Bartolomeo_Colleoni.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_View_of_the_Equestrian_Statue_of_Bartolomeo_Colleoni.jpg|157x157px]]
|Veduta ta' Santi Giovanni e Paolo u l-[[Statwa|Istatwa]] Ekwestri ta' [[Bartolomeo Colleoni]]
|1735–1738
|Kollezzjoni Privata
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_The_Brenta_Canal_at_Padua_-_WGA03914.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_The_Brenta_Canal_at_Padua_-_WGA03914.jpg|128x128px|''The Brenta Canal at Padua '']]
|Il-Kanal ta' Brenta f'[[Padova]]
|1735–40
|Gallerija Nazzjonali tal-Arti, Londra, l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_Entrance_to_the_Grand_Canal_-_from_the_West_End_of_the_Molo_-_WGA03913.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_Entrance_to_the_Grand_Canal_-_from_the_West_End_of_the_Molo_-_WGA03913.jpg|128x128px|''Entrance to the Grand Canal – from the West End of the Molo'']]
|Id-Daħla tal-Canal Grande – mill-Punent tal-Moll
|1735–40
|Gallerija Nazzjonali tal-Arti, Washington DC
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_Venice_the_Bacino_di_San_Marco_from_San_Giorgio_Maggiore,_c._1735_-_1744.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_Venice_the_Bacino_di_San_Marco_from_San_Giorgio_Maggiore,_c._1735_-_1744.jpg|128x128px|''Venice the Bacino di San Marco from San Giorgio Maggiore'']]
|Venezja, il-Baċir ta' San Mark minn San Giorgio Maggiore
|1735–1744
|Kollezzjoni ta' Wallace, Londra, l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_called_Canaletto_-_View_of_the_Riva_degli_Schiavoni,_Venice_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_called_Canaletto_-_View_of_the_Riva_degli_Schiavoni,_Venice_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|128x128px|''View of the Riva degli Schiavoni'']]
|Veduta tar-Riva degli Schiavoni
|1736
|Mużew ta' Sir John Soane, Londra, l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_The_Grand_Canal_at_the_Salute_Church.JPG|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_The_Grand_Canal_at_the_Salute_Church.JPG|128x128px|''The Grand Canal at the Salute Church'']]
|Il-Canal Grande u l-Knisja ta' Salute
|għall-ħabta tal-1736–38
|Pinakoteka Antika ta' Munich
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_(1697-1768),_Venezia,_campo_Santi_Giovanni_e_Paolo,_1736-1740.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_(1697-1768),_Venezia,_campo_Santi_Giovanni_e_Paolo,_1736-1740.jpg|128x128px|''Venezia, campo Santi Giovanni e Paolo'']]
|Venezja, Campo Santi Giovanni e Paolo
|għall-ħabta tal-1736–40
|Kollezzjoni Rjali
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_St._Mark's_and_the_Clock_Tower,_Venice.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_St._Mark's_and_the_Clock_Tower,_Venice.jpg|128x128px|''St. Mark's and the Clock Tower, Venice'']]
|Il-Pjazza ta' San Mark u t-Torre dell'Orologio, Venezja
|għall-ħabta tal-1737
|Gallerija Nazzjonali tal-[[Kanada]], [[Ottawa]], il-Kanada
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_Grand_Canal_from_Palazzo_Flangini_-_JPGM.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_Grand_Canal_from_Palazzo_Flangini_-_JPGM.jpg|128x128px|''The Grand Canal in Venice from Palazzo Flangini to Campo San Marcuola'']]
|Canal Grande f'Venezja minn Palazzo Flangini sa Campo San Marcuola
|għall-ħabta tal-1738
|Mużew ta' J. Paul Getty, [[Los Angeles]]
|-
|[[File:Il_Ritorno_del_Bucintoro_al_molo_nel_giorno_dell'Ascensione_(c.1738)_Canaletto_-_Wells-Next-The-Sea,_The_Earl_of_Leicester_and_Trustees_of_the_Holkham_Estate.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Il_Ritorno_del_Bucintoro_al_molo_nel_giorno_dell'Ascensione_(c.1738)_Canaletto_-_Wells-Next-The-Sea,_The_Earl_of_Leicester_and_Trustees_of_the_Holkham_Estate.jpg|128x128px|''Il Ritorno del Bucintoro al molo nel giorno dell'Ascensione'']]
|Ir-Ritorn tal-Bucintoro fil-Moll f'Jum Tlugħ is-Sema
|għall-ħabta tal-1738
|Is-Sala ta' Holkham, l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:Antonio_Canal_-_Il_Canal_Grande_dalla_chiesa_di_Santa_Maria.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Antonio_Canal_-_Il_Canal_Grande_dalla_chiesa_di_Santa_Maria.jpg|128x128px|''Il Canal Grande dalla chiesa di Santa Maria di Nazareth '']]
|Il-Canal Grande mill-Knisja ta' [[Santa Marija]] ta' [[Nazaret]]
|1738
|Pinacoteca Giovanni e Marella Agnelli, l-Italja
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_The_Grand_Canal_looking_North-East_from_the_Palazzo_Dolfin-Manin_to_the_Rialto_Bridge.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_The_Grand_Canal_looking_North-East_from_the_Palazzo_Dolfin-Manin_to_the_Rialto_Bridge.jpg|128x128px|''The Grand Canal looking North-East from the Palazzo Dolfin-Manin to the Rialto Bridge'']]
|Il-Canal Grande lejn il-Grigal minn Palazzo Dolfin-Manin sal-Pont ta' Rialto
|1738–1739
|Kollezzjoni Privata
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_The_Campo_Santi_Giovanni_e_Paolo,_Venice,_with_the_West_End_of_the_Church_and_the_Scuola_di_San_Marco.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_The_Campo_Santi_Giovanni_e_Paolo,_Venice,_with_the_West_End_of_the_Church_and_the_Scuola_di_San_Marco.jpg|128x128px|''The Campo Santi Giovanni e Paolo, Venice, with the West End of the Church and the Scuola di San Marco'']]
|Campo Santi Giovanni e Paolo, Venezja, bil-faċċata tal-Punent tal-Knisja u l-Iskola ta' San Mark
|1738–1739
|Kollezzjoni Privata
|-
|[[File:St_Marks_Square.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:St_Marks_Square.jpg|128x128px|''St Marks Square'']]
|Il-Pjazza ta' San Mark, Venezja
|1738–1740
|Detroit Institute of Arts, Detroit, Michigan, l-Istati Uniti
|-
|[[File:Boston,_Museum_of_Fine_Art_-_Il_bacino_di_San_Marco_c.1738_-_Canaletto.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Boston,_Museum_of_Fine_Art_-_Il_bacino_di_San_Marco_c.1738_-_Canaletto.jpg|128x128px]]
|Il-Baċir ta' San Mark
|1738–1740
|Mużew tal-Belle Arti, Boston, l-Istati Uniti
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_The_Grand_Canal_at_the_Salute_Church_-_WGA03917.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_The_Grand_Canal_at_the_Salute_Church_-_WGA03917.jpg|128x128px|''The Grand Canal at the Salute Church'']]
|Canal Grande u l-Knisja ta' Salute
|1738–1742
|Kollezzjoni Privata
|-
|[[File:Antonio_Canal_-_Il_Bucintoro_al_molo_nel_giorno_dell'Ascensione.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Antonio_Canal_-_Il_Bucintoro_al_molo_nel_giorno_dell'Ascensione.jpg|128x128px]]
|Ir-Ritorn tal-Bucintoro fil-Moll f'Jum Tlugħ is-Sema
|għall-ħabta tal-1738
|Pinacoteca Giovanni e Marella Agnelli, Torino, l-Italja
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_View_of_Piazza_San_Marco,_Venice,_ca._1740-46.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_View_of_Piazza_San_Marco,_Venice,_ca._1740-46.jpg|136x136px|''View of Piazza San Marco, Venice'']]
|Veduta tal-Pjazza ta' San Mark f'Venezja
|għall-ħabta tal-1738
|Musée Jacquemart André, Pariġi, Franza
|-
|
|Il-Pont ta' Rialto f'Venezja
|għall-ħabta tal-1738
|Musée Jacquemart André, Pariġi, Franza
|-
|[[File:Bemberg_Fondation_Toulouse_-_Vue_de_Mestre_-_Canaletto_-_ca_1740_-_Inv_1010.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Bemberg_Fondation_Toulouse_-_Vue_de_Mestre_-_Canaletto_-_ca_1740_-_Inv_1010.jpg|128x128px]]
|Veduta ta' Mestre
|għall-ħabta tal-1740
|Fondazzjoni Bemberg, Toulouse, Franza
|-
|[[File:Bemberg_Fondation_Toulouse_-_Vue_de_Dolo_-_Canaletto_ca_1740_-_Inv_1011.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Bemberg_Fondation_Toulouse_-_Vue_de_Dolo_-_Canaletto_ca_1740_-_Inv_1011.jpg|128x128px]]
|Veduta ta' Dolo
|għall-ħabta tal-1740
|Fondazzjoni Bemberg, Toulouse, Franza
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_The_Molo_with_the_Library_and_the_Entrance_to_the_Grand_Canal_-_WGA03923.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_The_Molo_with_the_Library_and_the_Entrance_to_the_Grand_Canal_-_WGA03923.jpg|128x128px]]
|Il-Moll bil-Librerija u d-Daħla tal-Canal Grande
|għall-ħabta tal-1740
|Kollezzjoni Privata
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_The_Church_of_the_Redentore,_Venice_GMIII_MCAG_1984_31.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_The_Church_of_the_Redentore,_Venice_GMIII_MCAG_1984_31.jpg|128x128px]]
|Il-Knisja tar-Redentur, Venezja
|għall-ħabta tal-1740
|[[Manchester]] Art Gallery
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_The_Piazzetta_-_WGA03897.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_The_Piazzetta_-_WGA03897.jpg|128x128px]]
|Il-Pjazzetta
|għall-ħabta tal-1740
|Galleria Nazionale d'Arte Antica, Ruma, l-Italja
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_Arrival_of_the_French_Ambassador_in_Venice_(detail)_-_WGA03935.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_Arrival_of_the_French_Ambassador_in_Venice_(detail)_-_WGA03935.jpg|128x128px]]
|Arrival of the French Ambassador in Venezja (detail)
|għall-ħabta tal-1740
|[[:en:Hermitage_Museum|Hermitage Museum]], ir-Russja
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal_-_The_Piazzetta_(detail)_(Galleria_Nazionale_d'Arte_Antica,_Rome).jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal_-_The_Piazzetta_(detail)_(Galleria_Nazionale_d'Arte_Antica,_Rome).jpg|180x180px]]
|The Pjazzetta
|għall-ħabta tal-1740
|[[:en:Galleria_Nazionale_d'Arte_Antica|Galleria Nazionale d'Arte Antica]], Ruma, l-Italja
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_View_of_San_Giuseppe_di_Castello_-_WGA03931.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_View_of_San_Giuseppe_di_Castello_-_WGA03931.jpg|128x128px]]
|Veduta ta' San Giuseppe di Castello
|għall-ħabta tal-1740
|Kollezzjoni Privata
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_Capriccio_-_a_Palladian_Design_for_the_Rialto_Bridge,_with_Buildings_at_Vicenza_-_WGA03938.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_Capriccio_-_a_Palladian_Design_for_the_Rialto_Bridge,_with_Buildings_at_Vicenza_-_WGA03938.jpg|128x128px|''A Palladian Design for the Rialto Bridge, with Buildings at Vicenza'']]
|Disinn [[Andrea Palladio|Palladjan]] tal-Pont ta' Rialto, b'Binjiet ta' [[Vicenza]]
|għall-ħabta tal-1740
|Galleria nazionale di [[Parma]], l-Italja
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_(1697-1768),_Venezia,_campo_Santi_Giovanni_e_Paolo,_1736-1740.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_(1697-1768),_Venezia,_campo_Santi_Giovanni_e_Paolo,_1736-1740.jpg|128x128px|''The Campo SS. Giovanni e Paolo'']]
|Venezja: Campo SS. Giovanni e Paolo
|1740
|Kollezzjoni Rjali, Kastell ta' Windsor, l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:Bemberg_Fondation_Toulouse_-_Vue_de_Mestre_-_Canaletto_-_ca_1740_-_Inv_1010.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Bemberg_Fondation_Toulouse_-_Vue_de_Mestre_-_Canaletto_-_ca_1740_-_Inv_1010.jpg|128x128px|''Bemberg Fondation Toulouse'']]
|Dolo
|1740
|Fondazzjoni Bemberg, Franza
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_Regatta_on_the_Canale_Grande_-_WGA03904.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_Regatta_on_the_Canale_Grande_-_WGA03904.jpg|128x128px|''Regatta on the Canale Grande '']]
|Regatta fil-Canale Grande
|1740
|Kollezzjoni Rjali, Gallerija Nazzjonali ta' Londra, l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:Venice_The_Basin_of_San_Marco_on_Ascension_Day.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Venice_The_Basin_of_San_Marco_on_Ascension_Day.jpg|128x128px|''Venice The Basin of San Marco on Ascension Day'']]
|Venezja, il-Baċir ta' San Mark f'Jum Tlugħ is-Sema
|1740
|Gallerija Nazzjonali, Londra, l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:Venice-_Santa_Maria_della_Salute_MET_DT1582.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Venice-_Santa_Maria_della_Salute_MET_DT1582.jpg|128x128px|''Santa Maria della Salute'']]
|Venezja: Santa Maria della Salute
|1740
|Metropolitan Museum of Art, il-Belt ta' New York, l-Istati Uniti
|-
|[[File:A_Regatta_on_the_Grand_Canal.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:A_Regatta_on_the_Grand_Canal.jpg|128x128px|''A Regatta on the Grand Canal'']]
|Regatta fil-Canal Grande
|1740
|Gallerija Nazzjonali, Londra, l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_Capriccio_-_The_Grand_Canal,_with_an_Imaginary_Rialto_Bridge_and_Other_Buildings_-_WGA03937.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_Capriccio_-_The_Grand_Canal,_with_an_Imaginary_Rialto_Bridge_and_Other_Buildings_-_WGA03937.jpg|128x128px|''Giovanni Antonio Canal, il Canaletto - Capriccio - The Grand Canal, with an Imaginary Rialto Bridge and Other Buildings - WGA03937.jpg'']]
|Kapriċċ tal-Canal Grande bil-Pont ta' Rialto immaġinarju u binjiet oħra
|1740
|Galleria nazionale di Parma
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_Venice_the_Grand_Canal_with_San_Simeone_Piccolo,_c._1740.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_Venice_the_Grand_Canal_with_San_Simeone_Piccolo,_c._1740.jpg|128x128px|''Venice the Grand Canal with San Simeone Piccolo'']]
|Il-Canal Grande b'San Simeone Piccolo (1)
|1740
|Kollezzjoni ta' Wallace, Pjazza Manchester, l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_The_Grand_Canal_with_S._Simeone_Piccolo_-_National_Gallery_(2).jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_The_Grand_Canal_with_S._Simeone_Piccolo_-_National_Gallery_(2).jpg|128x128px|''The Grand Canal with S. Simeone Piccolo'']]
|Il-Canal Grande b'San Simeone Piccolo (2)
|1740
|Gallerija Nazzjonali ta' Londra
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal_-_The_Reception_of_the_French_Ambassador_(Hermitage).jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal_-_The_Reception_of_the_French_Ambassador_(Hermitage).jpg|128x128px|''The Reception of the French Ambassador '']]
|Ir-Riċeviment tal-Ambaxxatur Franċiż
|1740
|Hermitage, San Pietruburgu, ir-Russja
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_The_Molo_with_the_Library_and_the_Entrance_to_the_Grand_Canal_-_WGA03923.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_The_Molo_with_the_Library_and_the_Entrance_to_the_Grand_Canal_-_WGA03923.jpg|128x128px|''The Molo with the Library and the Entrance to the Grand Canal'']]
|ll-Moll bil-Librerija u d-Daħla tal-Canal Grande
|1740
|Kollezzjoni Privata
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_The_Porta_Portello_with_the_Brenta_Canal_in_Padua,_1740-1743_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_The_Porta_Portello_with_the_Brenta_Canal_in_Padua,_1740-1743_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|128x128px|''The Porta Portello with the Brenta Canal in Padua'']]
|Porta Portello bil-Kanal ta' Brenta f'Padova
|1740–43
|Albertina, Vjenna, l-Awstrija
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_The_portico_with_a_lantern_-_from_the_series_'Vedute'_(Views)_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_The_portico_with_a_lantern_-_from_the_series_'Vedute'_(Views)_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|128x128px|''The portico with a lantern'']]
|Portiku b'lanterna
|1740–43
|Gallerija tal-Arti tan-Nofsinhar tal-[[Awstralja]]
|-
|[[File:Venice._The_Molo_with_Santa_Maria_della_Salute.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Venice._The_Molo_with_Santa_Maria_della_Salute.jpg|128x128px|''Venice. The Molo with Santa Maria della Salute'']]
|Il-Moll b'Santa Maria della Salute
|1740–1745
|Kollezzjoni ta' Wallace, Londra, l-Ingilterra
Salute
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_Interior_of_St_Marks.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_Interior_of_St_Marks.jpg|182x182px|''Interior of St Marks'']]
|Il-Bażilika ta' San Mark minn ġewwa
|1740–1745
|Mużew tal-Belle Arti, [[Montreal]], il-Kanada
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_Venice_the_Riva_degli_Schiavoni,_c._1740_-_1745.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_Venice_the_Riva_degli_Schiavoni,_c._1740_-_1745.jpg|128x128px|''Venice the Riva degli Schiavoni'']]
|Riva degli Schiavoni
|1740–1745
|Kollezzjoni ta' Wallace, Londra, l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_The_Piazza_del_Campidoglio_and_the_Cordonata.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_The_Piazza_del_Campidoglio_and_the_Cordonata.jpg|128x128px|''The Piazza del Campidoglio and the Cordonata'']]
|Piazza del Campidoglio u l-Cordonata
|1740–1745
|Kollezzjoni Privata
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_(II)_029.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_(II)_029.jpg|128x128px|''View of the Grand Canal looking toward the Punta della Dogana from Campo Sant'Ivo'']]
|Veduta tal-Canal Grande lejn Punta della Dogana minn Campo Sant'Ivo
|1740–1745
|Pinacoteca di Brera, Milan, l-Italja
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_View_of_the_Bacino_di_San_Marco_(St_Mark's_Basin)_-_WGA03899.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_View_of_the_Bacino_di_San_Marco_(St_Mark's_Basin)_-_WGA03899.jpg|128x128px|''Bacino di San Marco from the Puntana della Dogana'']]
|Il-Baċir ta' San Mark minn Punta della Dogana
|1740–1745
|Pinacoteca di Brera, Milan, l-Italja
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_Le_Canal_Grande_vu_du_Campo_San_Vio.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_Le_Canal_Grande_vu_du_Campo_San_Vio.jpg|128x128px|''Le Canal Grande vu du Campo San Vio'']]
|Veduta tal-Canal Grande minn Campo San Vio
|1740–1750
|Ca' Rezzonico, Venezja, l-Italja
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_Venice_the_Grand_Canal_from_the_Palazzo_Foscari_to_the_Carità,_c._1740_-_1750.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_Venice_the_Grand_Canal_from_the_Palazzo_Foscari_to_the_Carit%C3%A0,_c._1740_-_1750.jpg|128x128px|''Venice the Grand Canal from the Palazzo Foscari to the Carità'']]
|Il-Canal Grande minn Palazzo Foscari sa Carità
|1740–1750
|Kollezzjoni ta' Wallace, Londra, l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_Venice_-_The_Grand_Canal_from_Palazzo_Flangini_to_the_Church_of_San_Marcuola_-_WGA03919.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_Venice_-_The_Grand_Canal_from_Palazzo_Flangini_to_the_Church_of_San_Marcuola_-_WGA03919.jpg|128x128px|''The Grand Canal from Palazzo Flangini to the Church of San Marcuola'']]
|Il-Canal Grande minn Palazzo Flangini sa San Marcuola (1)
|1740–1750
|Kollezzjoni ta' Wallace, Londra, l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:Canaletto,_veduta_del_canal_grande.JPG|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto,_veduta_del_canal_grande.JPG|128x128px]]
|Il-Canal Grande minn Palazzo Flangini sa San Marcuola (2)
|1740–1750
|Kollezzjoni ta' Wallace
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_S_Marco.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_S_Marco.jpg|128x128px|''San Marco'']]
|Il-Pjazza ta' San Mark
|1740–1750
|Arp Museum Bahnhof Rolandseck, il-Ġermanja
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_Venice_the_Canale_di_Santa_Chiara,_c._1740_-_1750.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_Venice_the_Canale_di_Santa_Chiara,_c._1740_-_1750.jpg|128x128px|''Venice: the Canale di Santa Chiara'']]
|Il-Kanal ta' Santa Chiara
|1740–1750
|Kollezzjoni ta' Wallace, Londra, l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_Venice_the_Grand_Canal_from_the_Palazzo_Dolfin-Manin_to_the_Rialto_Bridge,_c._1740_-_1750.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_Venice_the_Grand_Canal_from_the_Palazzo_Dolfin-Manin_to_the_Rialto_Bridge,_c._1740_-_1750.jpg|128x128px|''Venice the Grand Canal from the Palazzo Dolfin-Manin to the Rialto Bridge'']]
|Il-Canal Grande minn Palazzo Dolfin-Manin sal-Pont ta' Rialto
|1740–1750
|Kollezzjoni ta' Wallace, Londra, l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:After_Canaletto_-_Venice_the_Dogana_and_Santa_Maria_della_Salute_from_the_Molo,_c._1740_-_1760.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:After_Canaletto_-_Venice_the_Dogana_and_Santa_Maria_della_Salute_from_the_Molo,_c._1740_-_1760.jpg|128x128px|''Venice the Dogana and Santa Maria della Salute from the Molo'']]
|Id-Dwana u Santa Maria della Salute mill-Moll
|1740–1760
|Kollezzjoni ta' Wallace, Londra, l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal_called_Il_Canaletto_-_Prà_della_Valle_in_Padua_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal_called_Il_Canaletto_-_Pr%C3%A0_della_Valle_in_Padua_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|128x128px]]
|Prà della Valle f'Padova
|1741–1746
|Museo Poldi Pezzoli, Milan, l-Italja
|-
|[[File:Canaletto,_The_Porta_Portello,_Padua,_c._1741-1742,_NGA_46152.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto,_The_Porta_Portello,_Padua,_c._1741-1742,_NGA_46152.jpg|128x128px|''Canaletto, The Porta Portello, Padua'']]
|Canaletto, Porta Portello, Padova
|1741–42
|Gallerija Nazzjonali tal-Arti, Washington D.C., l-Istati Uniti
|-
|[[File:Canaletto,_il_molo_verso_la_riva_degli_schiavoni_con_la_colonna_di_san_marco,_ante_1742,_01.JPG|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto,_il_molo_verso_la_riva_degli_schiavoni_con_la_colonna_di_san_marco,_ante_1742,_01.JPG|128x128px]]
|Canaletto, il-Moll lejn Riva degli Schiavoni bil-kolonna ta' San Mark (1)
|qabel l-1742
|
|-
|[[File:Canaletto,_il_molo_verso_la_riva_degli_schiavoni_con_la_colonna_di_san_marco,_ante_1742,_02.JPG|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto,_il_molo_verso_la_riva_degli_schiavoni_con_la_colonna_di_san_marco,_ante_1742,_02.JPG|128x128px]]
|Canaletto, il-Moll lejn Riva degli Schiavoni bil-kolonna ta' San Mark (1)
|qabel l-1742
|
|-
|[[File:Canaletto,_il_molo_verso_la_riva_degli_schiavoni_con_la_colonna_di_san_marco,_ante_1742,_03.JPG|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto,_il_molo_verso_la_riva_degli_schiavoni_con_la_colonna_di_san_marco,_ante_1742,_03.JPG|128x128px]]
|Canaletto, il-Moll lejn Riva degli Schiavoni bil-kolonna ta' San Mark (1) (3)
|qabel l-1742
|
|-
|[[File:Canaletto,_il_molo_verso_la_riva_degli_schiavoni_con_la_colonna_di_san_marco,_ante_1742,_04.JPG|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto,_il_molo_verso_la_riva_degli_schiavoni_con_la_colonna_di_san_marco,_ante_1742,_04.JPG|128x128px]]
|Canaletto, il-Moll lejn Riva degli Schiavoni bil-kolonna ta' San Mark (1) (4)
|qabel l-1742
|
|-
|[[File:Canaletto,_Rome_-_the_Arch_of_Constantine,_1742.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto,_Rome_-_the_Arch_of_Constantine,_1742.jpg|207x207px|''Rome, the Arch of Constantine'']]
|Ruma: l-Arkata ta' Kostantinu
|1742
|Kollezzjoni Rjali, Kastell ta' Windsor, l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_Arch_of_Septimius_Severus.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_Arch_of_Septimius_Severus.jpg|202x202px|''Arch of Septimius Severus'']]
|Ruma: l-Arkata ta' Septimius Severus
|1742
|Kollezzjoni Rjali, Kastell ta' Windsor, l-Ingilterra
|-
|
|Ruma: l-Arkata ta' Titus
|1742
|Kollezzjoni Rjali, Kastell ta' Windsor, l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:Rome-_Ruins_of_the_Forum,_Looking_towards_the_Capitol.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Rome-_Ruins_of_the_Forum,_Looking_towards_the_Capitol.jpg|191x191px|''Rome- Ruins of the Forum, Looking towards the Capitol'']]
|Ruma: il-Fdalijiet tal-Forum
|1742
|Kollezzjoni Rjali, Kastell ta' Windsor, l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:Canaletton_-_Rome,_The_Pantheon_RCIN_400524.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletton_-_Rome,_The_Pantheon_RCIN_400524.jpg|204x204px|''Rome, The Pantheon'']]
|Ruma: il-Panteon
|1742
|Kollezzjoni Rjali, Kastell ta' Windsor, l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:Canaletto,_The_Square_of_Saint_Mark's,_Venice,_1742-1744,_NGA_32588.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto,_The_Square_of_Saint_Mark's,_Venice,_1742-1744,_NGA_32588.jpg|128x128px|''The Square of Saint Mark's, Venice'']]
|Il-Pjazza ta' San Mark, Venezja
|1742–1744
|Gallerija Nazzjonali tal-Arti, Washington D.C., l-Istati Uniti
|-
|[[File:Canaletto,_Entrance_to_the_Grand_Canal_from_the_Molo,_Venice,_1742-1744,_NGA_32589.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto,_Entrance_to_the_Grand_Canal_from_the_Molo,_Venice,_1742-1744,_NGA_32589.jpg|128x128px|''Entrance to the Grand Canal from the Molo, Venice'']]
|Id-Daħla tal-Canal Grande mill-Moll, Venezja
|1742–1744
|Gallerija Nazzjonali tal-Arti, Washington D.C., l-Istati Uniti
|-
|[[File:CANALETTO_-_Entrance_to_the_Grand_Canal;_Looking_East_(1744).jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:CANALETTO_-_Entrance_to_the_Grand_Canal;_Looking_East_(1744).jpg|128x128px|''Entrance to the Grand Canal; Looking East'']]
|Id-Daħla tal-Canal Grande lejn il-Lvant
|1742–1744
|Kastell ta' Windsor, l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_The_Piazza_San_Marco,_Venice_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_The_Piazza_San_Marco,_Venice_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|128x128px|''The Piazza San Marco, Venice'']]
|Il-Pjazza ta' San Mark, Venezja
|1742–1746
|Gallerija tal-Arti ta' New South Wales, Australia
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_The_Thames_at_Westminster,_London_NTI_PNC_121021.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_The_Thames_at_Westminster,_London_NTI_PNC_121021.jpg|128x128px|''The Thames at Westminster'']]
|It-[[Tamiġi]] f'Westminster
|1742–54
|Il-Kastell ta' Penrhyn, Wales
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_(Giovanni_Antonio_Canal)_(Italian_-_View_of_the_Arch_of_Constantine_with_the_Colosseum_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_(Giovanni_Antonio_Canal)_(Italian_-_View_of_the_Arch_of_Constantine_with_the_Colosseum_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|118x118px|''View of the Arch of Constantine with the Colosseum'']]
|Ruma: Veduta tal-[[Kolossew]] u tal-Arkata ta' Kostantinu
|1743
|Kollezzjoni Rjali, Kastell ta' Windsor, l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_Capriccio_-_The_Horses_of_San_Marco_in_the_Piazzetta_-_WGA03928.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_Capriccio_-_The_Horses_of_San_Marco_in_the_Piazzetta_-_WGA03928.jpg|128x128px|''The Horses of San Marco in the Piazzetta'']]
|Iż-[[Żiemel|Żwiemel]] tal-Knisja ta' San Mark fil-Pjazzetta
|1743
|Kollezzjoni Rjali, Kastell ta' Windsor, l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_Venice_The_Piazzetta_Towards_The_Torre_dell'_Orologio_Signed_and_dated_1743.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_Venice_The_Piazzetta_Towards_The_Torre_dell'_Orologio_Signed_and_dated_1743.jpg|128x128px|''Venice The Piazzetta Towards The Torre dell' Orologio'']]
|Il-Pjazzetta lejn it-Torre dell' Orologio
|1743
|Kollezzjoni Rjali, National Trust, ir-Renju Unit
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_Venice_The_Molo_with_the_Prisons_and_the_Doges'_Palace_Signed_and_dated_1743.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_Venice_The_Molo_with_the_Prisons_and_the_Doges'_Palace_Signed_and_dated_1743.jpg|128x128px|'' Venice The Molo with the Prisons and the Doges' Palace'']]
|Il-Moll bil-Ħabs u l-Palazz Dukali f'Venezja
|1743
|Kollezzjoni Rjali, National Trust, ir-Renju Unit
|-
|[[File:An_Island_in_the_Lagoon_with_a_Gateway_and_a_Church.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:An_Island_in_the_Lagoon_with_a_Gateway_and_a_Church.jpg|128x128px|'' An Island in the Lagoon with a Gateway and a Church'']]
|Gżira fil-Laguna b'Portal u Knisja
|1743–44
|Saint Louis Art Museum, l-Istati Uniti
|-
|[[File:CANALETTO_-_Entrance_to_the_Grand_Canal;_Looking_East_(1744).jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:CANALETTO_-_Entrance_to_the_Grand_Canal;_Looking_East_(1744).jpg|128x128px|'' Entrance to the Grand Canal; Looking East '']]
|Id-Daħla tal-Canal Grande lejn il-Lvant
|1744
|Kollezzjoni Rjali, Kastell ta' Windsor
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_The_Colleoni_Monument_in_a_Caprice_Setting_RCIN_404415.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_The_Colleoni_Monument_in_a_Caprice_Setting_RCIN_404415.jpg|128x128px|'' The Colleoni Monument in a Caprice Setting '']]
|Kapriċċ tal-[[Monument]] ta' Colleoni
|1744
|Kollezzjoni Rjali
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_View_of_a_River,_Perhaps_in_Padua_-_WGA03933.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_View_of_a_River,_Perhaps_in_Padua_-_WGA03933.jpg|128x128px|'' View of a River, Perhaps in Padua '']]
|Veduta ta' Xmara, x'aktarx f'Padova
|1745
|Kollezzjoni Privata
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_The_Piazzetta_-_Looking_North,_the_Campanile_under_Repair_-_WGA03986.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_The_Piazzetta_-_Looking_North,_the_Campanile_under_Repair_-_WGA03986.jpg|188x188px|'' Looking North, the Campanile under Repair '']]
|It-Tiswijiet tal-Kampnar mit-Tramuntana
|1745
|Kollezzjoni Rjali fil-Kastell ta' Windsor
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_The_Basilica_of_Maxentius_and_the_Church_of_Santa_Francesca_Romana.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_The_Basilica_of_Maxentius_and_the_Church_of_Santa_Francesca_Romana.jpg|128x128px|'' The Basilica of Maxentius and the Church of Santa Francesca Romana'']]
|Il-Bażilika ta' Maxentius u l-Knisja ta' Santa Francesca Romana
|1745
|Galleria Borghese, Roma
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_The_Bucintoro,_Venice_-_WGA03939.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_The_Bucintoro,_Venice_-_WGA03939.jpg|128x128px|''The Bucintoro'']]
|Il-Bucintoro
|1745–1750
|Mużew Thyssen-Bornemisza, Madrid, Spanja
|-
|[[File:'Old_Somerset_House_from_the_River_Thames'_by_Canaletto.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:'Old_Somerset_House_from_the_River_Thames'_by_Canaletto.jpg|128x128px|''The Bucintoro'']]
|Dar Antika ta' Somerset mix-xmara Tamiġi
|1745–1750
|Kollezzjoni Privata ta' Simon C. Dickinson Ltd.
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_Capriccio_of_the_Rialto_Bridge_with_the_Lagoon_Beyond.JPG|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_Capriccio_of_the_Rialto_Bridge_with_the_Lagoon_Beyond.JPG|128x128px|''Capriccio of the Rialto Bridge with the Lagoon Beyond'']]
|Kapriċċ tal-Pont ta' Rialto u l-Laguna
|1746
|Kollezzjoni Privata
|-
|[[File:Canaletto,_London_and_the_River_Thames_looking_towards_Westminster,_ca._1746-7,_Lobkowicz_Palace_(1)_(25585068633).jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto,_London_and_the_River_Thames_looking_towards_Westminster,_ca._1746-7,_Lobkowicz_Palace_(1)_(25585068633).jpg|128x128px|''London and the River Thames looking towards Westminster'']]
|Londra u x-xmara Tamiġi lejn Westminster
|1746-7
|
|-
|[[File:Pohled_na_Londýn_s_řekou_Temží,_Westminsterským_opatstvím_a_mostem.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Pohled_na_Lond%C3%BDn_s_%C5%99ekou_Tem%C5%BE%C3%AD,_Westminstersk%C3%BDm_opatstv%C3%ADm_a_mostem.jpg|128x128px]]
|Londra u x-xmara Tamiġi lejn Westminster
|1746-7
|
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_The_River_Thames_with_St._Paul's_Cathedral_on_Lord_Mayor's_Day_-_WGA03942.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_The_River_Thames_with_St._Paul's_Cathedral_on_Lord_Mayor's_Day_-_WGA03942.jpg|128x128px|''The River Thames with St. Paul's Cathedral on Lord Mayor's Day'']]
|The River Thames with St. Paul's Cathedral on Lord Mayor's Day
|1746–47
|Il-[[Palazz ta' Lobkowicz]], [[Praga]], ir-[[Ċekja|Repubblika Ċeka]]
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_The_City_Seen_Through_an_Arch_of_Westminster_Bridge.JPG|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_The_City_Seen_Through_an_Arch_of_Westminster_Bridge.JPG|128x128px]]
|Veduta ta' Londra minn ġo arkata tal-Pont ta' Westminster
|1746–47
|Syon House, Londra
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_The_City_of_Westminster_from_River_Thames_near_the_York_Water_Gate.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_The_City_of_Westminster_from_River_Thames_near_the_York_Water_Gate.jpg|128x128px]]
|Il-Belt ta' Westminster mix-xmara Tamiġi ħdejn York Water Gate
|1746–49
|Kollezzjoni Privata (sjieda tad-Duki ta' Grafton)
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_Ruins_with_Figures_CAM_CCF_197.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_Ruins_with_Figures_CAM_CCF_197.jpg|128x128px|''Ruins with Figures'']]
|Fdalijiet b'xi Figuri
|1747
|Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge, l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_Windsor_Castle.JPG|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_Windsor_Castle.JPG|128x128px|''Windsor Castle'']]
|Kastell ta' Windsor
|1747
|Kollezzjoni tad-Duka ta' Northumberland
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_(II)_027.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_(II)_027.jpg|128x128px|''Santi Giovanni e Paolo and the Scuola di San Marco'']]
|Santi Giovanni e Paolo u l-Iskola ta' San Mark
|1747
|Gemäldegalerie Alte Meister
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_Westminster_Bridge_1747.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_Westminster_Bridge_1747.jpg|128x128px|''Westminster Bridge '']]
|Il-Pont ta' Westminster, bil-Purċissjoni ta' Lord Mayor fix-xmara Tamiġi
|1747
|Yale Center for British Art
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_London_-_The_Thames_and_the_City_of_London_from_Richmond_House_(detail)_-_WGA03945.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_London_-_The_Thames_and_the_City_of_London_from_Richmond_House_(detail)_-_WGA03945.jpg|128x128px|''The Thames and the City of London from Richmond House (detail)'']]
|Ix-xmara Tamiġi u l-belt ta' Londra minn Richmond House (detall)
|1747
|Kollezzjoni Privata
|-
|[[File:Canaletto,_London_and_the_River_Thames_looking_towards_Westminster,_ca._1746-7,_Lobkowicz_Palace_(2)_(26187604035).jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto,_London_and_the_River_Thames_looking_towards_Westminster,_ca._1746-7,_Lobkowicz_Palace_(2)_(26187604035).jpg|128x128px|''London and the River Thames looking towards Westminster'']]
|Londra: ix-xmara Tamiġi lejn Westminster minn Lambeth
|1747
|Il-Palazz ta' Lobkowicz, Praga, ir-Repubblika Ċeka
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_London_-_Whitehall_and_the_Privy_Garden_from_Richmond_House_-_WGA03943.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_London_-_Whitehall_and_the_Privy_Garden_from_Richmond_House_-_WGA03943.jpg|128x128px|''Whitehall and the Privy Garden from Richmond House'']]
|Whitehall u l-Ġnien Privat minn Richmond House
|1747
|Goodwood House, ir-Renju Unit
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_london.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_london.jpg|128x128px|''Canaletto london'']]
|Londra
|1747
|Kollezzjoni Privata
|-
|[[File:Canaletto,_Westminster_Bridge_from_the_North_on_Lord_Mayor's_Day,_1746-47,_detail.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto,_Westminster_Bridge_from_the_North_on_Lord_Mayor's_Day,_1746-47,_detail.jpg|128x128px|''Westminster Bridge from the North on Lord Mayor's Day'']]
|Il-Pont ta' Westminster Bridge mit-Tramuntana f'Jum Lord Mayor
|1747
|Yale Center for British Art, University of Yale, l-Istati Uniti
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_Westminster_Bridge_Under_Construction_from_the_South-East_Abutment.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_Westminster_Bridge_Under_Construction_from_the_South-East_Abutment.jpg|128x128px|''Westminster Bridge Under Construction from the South-East Abutment'']]
|Il-Pont ta' Westminster waqt il-kostruzzjoni mix-Xlokk
|1747
|Kollezzjoni Privata tad-Duka ta' Northumberland
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_London,_Whitehall_and_the_Privy_Garden_looking_North_Buccleuch.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_London,_Whitehall_and_the_Privy_Garden_looking_North_Buccleuch.jpg|128x128px|''London, Whitehall and the Privy Garden looking North Buccleuch'']]
|Londra, Whitehall u l-Ġnien Privat lejn it-Tramuntana ta' Buccleuch
|1747
|Kollezzjoni Privata, the Buccleuch Living Heritage Trust
|-
|[[File:The_Molo_from_the_Basin_of_San_Marco,_Venice_by_Canaletto,_San_Diego_Museum_of_Art.JPG|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:The_Molo_from_the_Basin_of_San_Marco,_Venice_by_Canaletto,_San_Diego_Museum_of_Art.JPG|128x128px|''The Molo from the Basin of San Marco, Venice'']]
|Il-Moll mill-Baċir ta' San Mark, Venezja
|1747–1750
|San Diego Museum of Art, San Diego, California
|-
|[[File:Venice,_a_view_of_the_Churches_of_the_Redentore_and_San_Giacomo,_with_a_moored_Man-of-war,_Gondolas_and_Barges.jpeg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Venice,_a_view_of_the_Churches_of_the_Redentore_and_San_Giacomo,_with_a_moored_Man-of-war,_Gondolas_and_Barges.jpeg|128x128px|''Venice, a view of the Churches of the Redentore and San Giacomo, with a moored Man-of-war, Gondolas and Barges'']]
|Venezja, Veduta tal-Knejjes tar-Redentur u ta' San Giacomo, b'diversi bastimenti, gondoli u barkuni
|1747–1755
|Kollezzjoni Privata
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_Warwick_Castle_-_the_South_Front_-_WGA03947.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_Warwick_Castle_-_the_South_Front_-_WGA03947.jpg|128x128px|''The South Façade of Warwick Castle'']]
|Il-Faċċata tan-Nofsinhar tal-Kastell ta' Warwick
|1748
|Mużew Thyssen-Bornemisza, Madrid, Spanja
|-
|[[File:Canaletto,_The_City_of_London_from_the_River_Thames_with_St._Paul's_Cathedral,_ca._1748,_Lobkowicz_Palace_(3)_(26161463356).jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto,_The_City_of_London_from_the_River_Thames_with_St._Paul's_Cathedral,_ca._1748,_Lobkowicz_Palace_(3)_(26161463356).jpg|128x128px|''The City of London from the River Thames with St. Paul's Cathedral'']]
|Il-belt ta' Londra mix-xmara Tamiġi bil-[[Katidral ta' San Pawl]]
|1748
|
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_Badminton_House,_Gloucestershire.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_Badminton_House,_Gloucestershire.jpg|128x128px|''The South Façade of Warwick Castle'']]
|Badminton House, Gloucestershire
|1748
|Kollezzjoni Privata
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_Warwick_Castle_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_Warwick_Castle_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|nofs|128x128px]]
|Il-Kastell ta' Warwick
|1748–49
|Yale Center for British Art, New Haven, l-Istati Uniti
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_The_Thames_at_Westminster,_London_NTI_PNC_121021.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_The_Thames_at_Westminster,_London_NTI_PNC_121021.jpg|128x128px|''The Thames at Westminster, London'']]
|Ix-xmara Tamiġi f'Westminster, Londra
|1749
|Il-Kastell ta' Penrhyn, National Trust, [[Gwynedd]], Wales
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_London_-_the_Old_Horse_Guards_from_St_James's_Park_-_WGA03948.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_London_-_the_Old_Horse_Guards_from_St_James's_Park_-_WGA03948.jpg|128x128px|''the Old Horse Guards from St James's Park'']]
|Il-Gwardji biż-żwiemel mill-Park ta' San Ġakbu
|1749
|Tate Britain
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_London_-_the_Old_Horse_Guards_and_Banqueting_Hall,_from_St_James's_Park_-_WGA03949.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_London_-_the_Old_Horse_Guards_and_Banqueting_Hall,_from_St_James's_Park_-_WGA03949.jpg|128x128px|''ondon – the Old Horse Guards and Banqueting Hall, from St James's Park'']]
|Londra – il-Gwardji biż-żwiemel u s-Sala tal-Banketti, mill-Park ta' San Ġakbu
|1749
|Kollezzjoni Privata
|-
|[[File:Canaletto,_londra,_la_guardia_di_new_horse_da_st._james_park,_1749_ca._02.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto,_londra,_la_guardia_di_new_horse_da_st._james_park,_1749_ca._02.jpg|128x128px|''londra, la guardia di new horse da st. james park'']]
|Londra, il-Gwardji biż-żwiemel mill-Park ta' San Ġakbu
|1749
|
|-
|[[File:Westminster_Abbey_by_Canaletto,_1749.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Westminster_Abbey_by_Canaletto,_1749.jpg|128x128px|''Westminster Abbey by Canaletto'']]
|L-Abbazija ta' Westminster b'Purċissjoni ta' Kavallieri ta' [[Bath]]
|1749
|L-Abbazija ta' Westminster, Londra
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_Syon_House.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_Syon_House.jpg|128x128px|''Syon House'']]
|Syon House
|1749
|Kollezzjoni Privata tad-Duka ta' Northumberland
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_A_View_of_the_Old_Horse_Guards_and_Banqueting_Hall,_from_St_James's_Park.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_A_View_of_the_Old_Horse_Guards_and_Banqueting_Hall,_from_St_James's_Park.jpg|128x128px|''A View of the Old Horse Guards and Banqueting Hall, from St James's Park'']]
|Veduta tal-Gwardji biż-żwiemel u s-Sala tal-Banketti mill-Park ta' San Ġakbu
|x'aktarx fl-1749
|Kollezzjoni Privata
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_The_Prisons.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_The_Prisons.jpg|128x128px|''The Prisons'']]
|Il-Ħabs ta' Venezja
|x'aktarx lejn l-aħħar tas-snin 40 tas-seklu 18
|Kollezzjoni Privata
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_Venice,_The_Church_of_San_Giorgio_Maggiore.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_Venice,_The_Church_of_San_Giorgio_Maggiore.jpg|128x128px|''Venice, The Church of San Giorgio Maggiore'']]
|Venezja, il-Knisja ta' San Giorgio Maggiore
|x'aktarx lejn l-aħħar tas-snin 40 tas-seklu 18
|Kollezzjoni Privata
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_Capriccio_The_Rialto_Bridge_and_the_Church_of_S._Giorgio_Maggiore,_circa_1750.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_Capriccio_The_Rialto_Bridge_and_the_Church_of_S._Giorgio_Maggiore,_circa_1750.jpg|172x172px|''Capriccio The Rialto Bridge and the Church of S. Giorgio Maggiore'']]
|Il-Pont ta' Rialto u l-Knisja ta' San Giorgio Maggiore
|għall-ħabta tal-1750
|North Carolina Museum of Art, Raleigh, North Carolina, l-Istati Uniti
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_Capriccio_with_Ruins_and_Porta_Portello,_Padua_-_WGA03971.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_Capriccio_with_Ruins_and_Porta_Portello,_Padua_-_WGA03971.jpg|128x128px|''Capriccio with Ruins and Porta Portello, Padua'']]
|Kapriċċ bil-Fdalijiet u Porta Portello, Padova
|għall-ħabta tal-1750
|Gallerie dell'Accademia, Venezja, l-Italja
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_The_Thames_from_the_Terrace_of_Somerset_House,_Looking_toward_Westminster_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_The_Thames_from_the_Terrace_of_Somerset_House,_Looking_toward_Westminster_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|128x128px|''The Thames from the Terrace of Somerset House, Looking toward Westminster'']]
|Ix-xmara Tamiġi mit-Terrazza ta' Somerset House, lejn Westminster
|1750
|Yale Center for British Art, New Haven, l-Istati Uniti
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_Bacino_di_S._Marco-_From_the_Piazzetta_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_Bacino_di_S._Marco-_From_the_Piazzetta_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|128x128px|''Bacino di S. Marco- From the Piazzetta'']]
|Il-Baċir ta' San Mark mill-Pjazzetta
|c. 1750
|Il-Gallerija Nazzjonali ta' Victoria, l-Awstralja
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_Capriccio_of_the_Scuola_di_San_Marco_from_the_Loggia_of_the_Palazzo_Grifalconi-Loredan.JPG|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_Capriccio_of_the_Scuola_di_San_Marco_from_the_Loggia_of_the_Palazzo_Grifalconi-Loredan.JPG|128x128px]]
|Kapriċċ tal-Iskola ta' San Mark mil-Loġġa tal-Palazz Grifalconi-Loredan
|bidu tas-snin 50 tas-seklu 18
|Kollezzjoni Privata
|-
|[[File:Canaletto-_Palazzo_Vendramin-Calergi,_on_the_Grand_Canal,_Venice.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto-_Palazzo_Vendramin-Calergi,_on_the_Grand_Canal,_Venice.jpg|128x128px|''Palazzo Vendramin-Calergi, on the Grand Canal, Venice'']]
|Palazz Vendramin-Calergi, fil-Canal Grande, Venezja
|is-snin 50 tas-seklu 18
|Kollezzjoni Privata
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_Veduta_del_Palazzo_Ducale_di_Venezia_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_Veduta_del_Palazzo_Ducale_di_Venezia_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|128x128px|''Veduta del Palazzo Ducale di Venezia '']]
|Veduta tal-Palazz Dukali ta' Venezja
|is-snin 50 tas-seklu 18
|Galleria degli Uffizi, Firenze
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_Westminster_Bridge_from_the_North_with_the_Lord_Mayor's_Procession.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_Westminster_Bridge_from_the_North_with_the_Lord_Mayor's_Procession.jpg|128x128px|''Westminster Bridge from the North with the Lord Mayor's Procession'']]
|Il-Pont ta' Westminster mit-Tramuntana bil-Purċissjoni ta' Lord Mayor
|1750
|Kollezzjoni Privata
|-
|[[File:Slavnost_na_Temži_(Primátorská_slavnost_na_Temži,_v_pozadí_katedrála_sv._Pavla).jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Slavnost_na_Tem%C5%BEi_(Prim%C3%A1torsk%C3%A1_slavnost_na_Tem%C5%BEi,_v_pozad%C3%AD_katedr%C3%A1la_sv._Pavla).jpg|128x128px]]
|Il-Katidral ta' San Pawl, Londra
|1750
|
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_The_Thames_from_the_Terrace_of_Somerset_House,_Looking_toward_Westminster_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_The_Thames_from_the_Terrace_of_Somerset_House,_Looking_toward_Westminster_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|128x128px|''The Thames from the Terrace of Somerset House, Looking toward Westminster'']]
|Ix-xmara Tamiġi mit-Terrazza ta' Somerset House, lejn Westminster
|1750
|Yale University Art Gallery, New Haven, l-Istati Uniti
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_The_Thames_from_the_Terrace_of_Somerset_House,_Looking_toward_St._Paul's_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_The_Thames_from_the_Terrace_of_Somerset_House,_Looking_toward_St._Paul's_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|128x128px|''The Thames from the Terrace of Somerset House, Looking toward St. Paul's'']]
|Ix-xmara Tamiġi mit-Terrazza ta' Somerset House, lejn il-Katidral ta' San Pawl
|1750
|Yale Center for British Art, New Haven, l-Istati Uniti
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_London,_The_Thames_from_Somerset_House_Terrace_towards_Westminster.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_London,_The_Thames_from_Somerset_House_Terrace_towards_Westminster.jpg|128x128px|''London, The Thames from Somerset House Terrace towards Westminster'']]
|Londra: ix-xmara Tamiġi mit-Terrazza ta' Somerset House, lejn Westminster
|1750–51
|Kollezzjoni Rjali, Kastell ta' Windsor, l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_Rome,_The_Piazza_Navona.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_Rome,_The_Piazza_Navona.jpg|128x128px|''Rome, The Piazza Navona'']]
|Ruma, Pjazza Navona
|1750–51
|[[Tokjo|Tokyo]] Fuji Art Museum, il-[[Ġappun]]
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_Rome,_The_Piazza_del_Quirinale.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_Rome,_The_Piazza_del_Quirinale.jpg|128x128px|''Rome, The Piazza del Quirinale'']]
|Ruma, Piazza del Quirinale
|1750–51
|Tokyo Fuji Art Museum, il-Ġappun
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_London-_The_Thames_from_Somerset_House_Terrace_towards_the_City_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_London-_The_Thames_from_Somerset_House_Terrace_towards_the_City_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|128x128px|''The Thames from Somerset House Terrace towards the City'']]
|Londra: ix-xmara Tamiġi mit-Terrazza ta' Somerset House, lejn il-belt
|1750–51
|Kollezzjoni Rjali, Kastell ta' Windsor, l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:Canaletto,_veduta_di_greenwich_dal_fiume,_1750-52_ca._02.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto,_veduta_di_greenwich_dal_fiume,_1750-52_ca._02.jpg|182x182px|''The Thames from Somerset House Terrace towards the City'']]
|Veduta ta' [[Greenwich]] mix-xmara
|1750–51
|
|-
|[[File:Padua-_The_River_Bacchiglione_and_the_Porta_Portello_MET_DP358984.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Padua-_The_River_Bacchiglione_and_the_Porta_Portello_MET_DP358984.jpg|128x128px|''Padua- The River Bacchiglione and the Porta Portello'']]
|Padova - ix-xmara Bacchiglione u Porta Portello
|1750–1760
|Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_A_View_of_Greenwich_from_the_River.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_A_View_of_Greenwich_from_the_River.jpg|128x128px|''A View of Greenwich from the River'']]
|Veduta ta' Greenwich mix-xmara
|1751
|Is-Sala ta' Blickling, National Trust, [[Norfolk]], l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:Caneletto_-_The_Grand_Walk,_Vauxhall_Gardens,_London_WAR_COMP_131.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Caneletto_-_The_Grand_Walk,_Vauxhall_Gardens,_London_WAR_COMP_131.jpg|128x128px|''The Grand Walk, Vauxhall Gardens  London'']]
|Il-Mixja Grandjuża, il-Ġonna ta' Vauxhall, Londra
|1751
|Compton Verney Art Gallery, l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_El_Colegio_de_Chelsea,_la_Rotonda,_la_casa_Ranelagh_y_el_río_Támesis,_1751.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_El_Colegio_de_Chelsea,_la_Rotonda,_la_casa_Ranelagh_y_el_r%C3%ADo_T%C3%A1mesis,_1751.jpg|128x128px|''Chelsea School, Rotonda, Ranelagh house and Tamesis river'']]
|L-Iskola ta' Chelsea, ir-Rotunda, id-dar ta' Ranelagh u x-xmara Tamiġi
|1751
|Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes, [[Ħavana|Havana]], [[Kuba]]
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_Chelsea_from_the_Thames_at_Battersea_Reach,_1751.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_Chelsea_from_the_Thames_at_Battersea_Reach,_1751.jpg|128x128px|''Chelsea from the Thames at Battersea Reach'']]
|Chelsea mix-xmara Tamiġi f'Battersea Reach
|Frar 1751
|Tate Britain
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_Alnwick.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_Alnwick.jpg|nofs|128x128px]]
|Il-Kastell ta' Alnwick
|1752
|Il-Kastell ta' Alnwick, Northumberland, l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:Greenwich_Hospital_from_the_North_Bank_of_the_Thames_RMG_BHC1827.tiff|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Greenwich_Hospital_from_the_North_Bank_of_the_Thames_RMG_BHC1827.tiff|128x128px|''Greenwich Hospital from the North Bank of the Thames'']]
|L-Isptar ta' Greenwich mix-Xatt tat-Tramuntana tax-xmara Tamiġi
|għall-ħabta tal-1752
|Il-[[Mużew]] Marittimu Nazzjonali, Greenwich, Londra, l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:Warwick_Castle,_the_east_front_by_Canaletto,_1752.JPG|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Warwick_Castle,_the_east_front_by_Canaletto,_1752.JPG|nofs|128x128px]]
|Il-Kastell ta' Warwick mil-Lvant
|1752
|Birmingham Museum and Art Gallery, [[Birmingham]], l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:Birmingham_Museum_and_Art_Gallery_-_Warwick_Castle,_the_East_Front_from_the_Courtyard_-_Canaletto.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Birmingham_Museum_and_Art_Gallery_-_Warwick_Castle,_the_East_Front_from_the_Courtyard_-_Canaletto.jpg|128x128px]]
|Il-Kastell ta' Warwick mil-Lvant
|1752
|Birmingham Museum and Art Gallery, Birmingham, l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:Northumberland_House_by_Canaletto_(1752).JPG|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Northumberland_House_by_Canaletto_(1752).JPG|nofs|128x128px]]
|Northumberland House
|1752
|Kollezzjoni tad-Duka ta' Northumberland
|-
|[[File:Canaletto,_veduta_di_greenwich_dal_fiume,_1750-52_ca._03.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto,_veduta_di_greenwich_dal_fiume,_1750-52_ca._03.jpg|128x128px]]
|Veduta ta' Greenwich mix-xmara
|1750–1752
|
|-
|[[File:New_Horse_Guards_from_St_James’s_Park_121017Canaletto-neu.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:New_Horse_Guards_from_St_James%E2%80%99s_Park_121017Canaletto-neu.jpg|128x128px|New Horse Guards from St James’s Park]]
|Il-Gwardji biż-żwiemel mill-Park ta' San Ġakbu
|1752–53
|Kollezzjoni Privata
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_Capriccio_of_a_Renaissance_Palazzo_with_a_monumental_Staircase,_a_Clock_Tower_and_the_Arch_of_Titus_beyond.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_Capriccio_of_a_Renaissance_Palazzo_with_a_monumental_Staircase,_a_Clock_Tower_and_the_Arch_of_Titus_beyond.jpg|128x128px|Capriccio of a Renaissance Palazzo with a monumental Staircase, a Clock Tower and the Arch of Titus beyond]]
|Kapriċċ ta' Palazz [[Rinaxximent|Rinaxximentali]] b'taraġ monumentali, it-torri tal-arloġġ u l-Arkata ta' Titus fl-isfond
|1752–55
|Kollezzjoni Privata tal-Kastell ta' Arundel
|-
|[[File:Northumberland_House_by_Canaletto_(1752).JPG|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Northumberland_House_by_Canaletto_(1752).JPG|128x128px|Northumberland House in London, 1752]]
|Londra: Northumberland House
|1752–1763
|Kollezzjoni ta' Wallace, Londra, l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_The_Interior_of_Henry_VII's_Chapel_in_Westminster_Abbey.JPG|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_The_Interior_of_Henry_VII's_Chapel_in_Westminster_Abbey.JPG|150x150px|The ''Interior of Henry VII's Chapel in Westminster Abbey'']]
|Il-Kappella ta' Enriku VII minn ġewwa fl-Abbazija ta' Westminster
|1753
|Il-Mużew ta' Londra, Londra, l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_Capriccio_of_a_Round_Church_with_an_Elaborate_Gothic_Portico_in_a_Piazza,_a_Palladian_Piazza_and_a_Gothic_Church_Beyond.JPG|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_Capriccio_of_a_Round_Church_with_an_Elaborate_Gothic_Portico_in_a_Piazza,_a_Palladian_Piazza_and_a_Gothic_Church_Beyond.JPG|128x128px|Capriccio of a Round Church with an Elaborate Gothic Portico in a Piazza, a Palladian Piazza and a Gothic Church Beyond]]
|Kapriċċ ta' Knisja Tonda b'Portiku Gotiku Elaborat fi Pjazza Palladjana u Knisja Gotika fl-isfond
|1753–55
|Il-Kastell ta' Arundel
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_Capriccio_of_a_Renaisance_Triumphal_Arch_seen_from_the_Portico_of_a_Palace.JPG|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_Capriccio_of_a_Renaisance_Triumphal_Arch_seen_from_the_Portico_of_a_Palace.JPG|128x128px|''Capriccio of a Renaisance Triumphal Arch seen from the Portico of a Palace'']]
|Kapriċċ ta' Arkata Trionfali mill-Portiku ta' Palazz
|1753–55
|Il-Kastell ta' Arundel
|-
|[[File:Canaletto,_English_Landscape_Capriccio_with_a_Column,_c._1754,_NGA_47179.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto,_English_Landscape_Capriccio_with_a_Column,_c._1754,_NGA_47179.jpg|151x151px|English Landscape Capriccio with a Column]]
|Kapriċċ ta' Pajsaġġ Ingliż b'Kolonna
|1754
|Gallerija Nazzjonali tal-Arti, Washington D.C., l-Istati Uniti
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_View_of_Banqueting_House_and_Equestrian_Statue_of_King_Charles_I.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_View_of_Banqueting_House_and_Equestrian_Statue_of_King_Charles_I.jpg|128x128px|View of Banqueting House and Equestrian Statue of King Charles I]]
|Veduta ta' Binja tal-Banketti u Statwa Ekwestri tar-Re [[Karlu I]]
|1754
|Kollezzjoni Privata
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_Capriccio_with_a_Domed_Church_and_the_Colleoni_Monument.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_Capriccio_with_a_Domed_Church_and_the_Colleoni_Monument.jpg|140x140px|''Capriccio with a Domed Church and the Colleoni Monument'']]
|Kapriċċ bi Knisja b'Koppla  l-Monument ta' Colleoni
|x'aktarx fl-1754
|Kollezzjoni Privata
|-
|[[File:English_Landscape_Capriccio_with_a_Palace_G-001355-20120531.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:English_Landscape_Capriccio_with_a_Palace_G-001355-20120531.jpg|147x147px|''English Landscape Capriccio with a Palace'']]
|Kapriċċ ta' Pajsaġġ Ingliż b'Palazz
|1754
|Gallerija Nazzjonali tal-Arti, Washington D.C., l-Istati Uniti
|-
|[[File:'Westminster_Bridge'_by_Canaletto,_oil_on_canvas.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:'Westminster_Bridge'_by_Canaletto,_oil_on_canvas.jpg|128x128px|''Westminster Bridge'']]
|Il-Pont ta' Westminster
|1754
|Kollezzjoni Privata
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_Venice,_Bacino_di_San_Marco_on_Ascension_Day.JPG|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_Venice,_Bacino_di_San_Marco_on_Ascension_Day.JPG|141x141px|''Venice, Bacino di San Marco on Ascension Day'']]
|Venezja, il-Baċir ta' San Mark f'Jum Tlugħ is-Sema
|1754
|Kollezzjoni Privata
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_The_Interior_of_the_Rotunda,_Ranelagh,_London_WAR_COMP_132.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_The_Interior_of_the_Rotunda,_Ranelagh,_London_WAR_COMP_132.jpg|128x128px|''The Interior of the Rotunda, Ranelagh, London '']]
|Ir-Rotunda minn ġewwa, Ranelagh, Londra (1)
|1754
|Compton Verney Art Gallery, l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_Ranelegh_1754.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_Ranelegh_1754.jpg|128x128px|''Ranelegh'']]
|Ir-Rotunda minn ġewwa, Ranelagh, Londra (2)
|1754
|Il-Gallerija Nazzjonali ta' Londra
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_St._Paul's_Cathedral_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_St._Paul's_Cathedral_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|128x128px|''St. Paul's Cathedral'']]
|Il-Katidral ta' San Pawl
|1754
|Yale Center for British Art, New Haven, l-Istati Uniti
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_(Giovanni_Antonio_Canal)_-_A_View_of_Walton_Bridge_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_(Giovanni_Antonio_Canal)_-_A_View_of_Walton_Bridge_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|128x128px|''A View of Walton Bridge'']]
|Veduta tal-Pont ta' Walton
|1754
|Dulwich Picture Gallery, Londra, l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_Eton_College_Chapel_-_WGA03955.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_Eton_College_Chapel_-_WGA03955.jpg|128x128px|Eton College]]
|Il-Kulleġġ ta' Eton
|1754
|Il-Gallerija Nazzjonali, Londra, l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_Palazzo_Ducale_and_the_Piazza_di_San_Marco_-_WGA03958.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_Palazzo_Ducale_and_the_Piazza_di_San_Marco_-_WGA03958.jpg|128x128px|Palazzo Ducale and the Piazza di San Marco]]
|Il-Palazz Dukali u l-Pjazza ta' San Mark
|c. 1755
|Galleria degli Uffizi, Firenze
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_Old_Walton_Bridge_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_Old_Walton_Bridge_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|128x128px|Old Walton Bridge]]
|Il-Pont Antik ta' Walton
|1755
|Yale Center for British Art, New Haven, l-Istati Uniti
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_San_Marco_-_the_Interior_-_WGA03959.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_San_Marco_-_the_Interior_-_WGA03959.jpg|127x127px|''San Marco – the Interior '']]
|Il-Bażilika ta' San Mark minn ġewwa
|1755
|Kastell ta' Windsor
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_Piazza_San_Marco_-_Looking_South-West_-_WGA03960.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_Piazza_San_Marco_-_Looking_South-West_-_WGA03960.jpg|128x128px|''Piazza San Marco – Looking South-West'']]
|Il-Pjazza ta' San Mark – lejn il-Lbiċ
|1755–59
|Wadsworth Atheneum Museum of Art, Connecticut, l-Istati Uniti
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_Saint_Mark's_Square,_Venice,_c.1756.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_Saint_Mark's_Square,_Venice,_c.1756.jpg|128x128px|''Saint Mark's Square, Venice'']]
|Il-Pjazza ta' San Mark, Venezja
|għall-ħabta tal-1756
|Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge, l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_Interior_Court_of_the_Doge's_Palace,_Venice_CAM_CCF_194.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_Interior_Court_of_the_Doge's_Palace,_Venice_CAM_CCF_194.jpg|160x160px|''Interior Court of the Doge's Palace, Venice'']]
|Il-Bitħa Interna tal-Palazz Dukali, Venezja
|għall-ħabta tal-1756
|Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge, l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal_-_Venice,_Piazza_San_Marco_and_the_Colonnade_of_the_Procuratie_Nuove.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal_-_Venice,_Piazza_San_Marco_and_the_Colonnade_of_the_Procuratie_Nuove.jpg|144x144px|''Piazza San Marco – Looking East from the South West Corner'']]
|Il-Pjazza ta' San Mark – lejn il-Lvant mir-rokna tal-Lbiċ
|1756
|Il-Gallerija Nazzjonali, Londra, l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_San_Marco_CAM_CCF_193.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_San_Marco_CAM_CCF_193.jpg|159x159px|''San Marco'']]
|Il-Bażilika ta' San Mark
|1756
|Fitzwilliam Museum, ir-Renju Unit
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_Venice_Palazzo_Grimani,_about_1756-68.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_Venice_Palazzo_Grimani,_about_1756-68.jpg|128x128px|''Venice Palazzo Grimani'']]
|Venezja: Palazzo Grimani
|1756–58
|Il-Gallerija Nazzjonali, Londra, l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:1385082667-canaletto---venice---piazza-san-marco.jpeg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:1385082667-canaletto---venice---piazza-san-marco.jpeg|143x143px]]
|Il-Pjazza ta' San Mark lejn il-Lvant mir-rokna tal-Majjistral
|1758
|Il-Gallerija Nazzjonali, Londra, l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:Le_grand_canal_(Gemäldegalerie,_Berlin)_(11381073496).jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Le_grand_canal_(Gem%C3%A4ldegalerie,_Berlin)_(11381073496).jpg|128x128px|''Le grand canal – Looking South-East from the Campo Santa Sophia to the Rialto Bridge'']]
|Il-Canal Grande – lejn ix-Xlokk minn Campo Santa Sophia sal-Pont ta' Rialto, Anagoria, Venezja
|1758–63
|Gemäldegalerie ta' [[Berlin|Berlín]] u l-Fondazzjoni tal-Wirt Kulturali ta' Pir-Russjan
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_The_Campo_di_Rialto_-_WGA03969.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_The_Campo_di_Rialto_-_WGA03969.jpg|128x128px]]
|Campo di Rialto
|1758–63
|Gemäldegalerie der Staatlichen Museen zu Berlin
|-
|
|Campo di Rialto u S. Giacomo di Rialto, Venezja
|1760
|Il-Gallerija Nazzjonali tal-Kanada, Ottawa, Canada
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_(Giovanni_Antonio_Canal)_-_The_Bucintoro_at_the_Molo_on_Ascension_Day_-_Google_Art_Project_(_AGPvVoUXqRRYw).jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_(Giovanni_Antonio_Canal)_-_The_Bucintoro_at_the_Molo_on_Ascension_Day_-_Google_Art_Project_(_AGPvVoUXqRRYw).jpg|128x128px|''The Bucintoro at the Molo on Ascension Day'']]
|Il-Bucintoro fil-Moll f'Jum Tlugħ is-Sema
|1760
|Dulwich Picture Gallery, Londra, l-Ingilterra
|-
|
|Porta Portello, Padova
|1760
|Il-Mużew Thyssen-Bornemisza, Madrid, Spanja
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_The_Bucintoro_at_the_Molo_on_Ascension_Day_Cat292.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_The_Bucintoro_at_the_Molo_on_Ascension_Day_Cat292.jpg|128x128px|''The Bucintoro at the Molo on Ascension Day'']]
|Il-Bucintoro fil-Moll f'Jum Tlugħ is-Sema
|1760
|Dulwich Picture Gallery, Londra, l-Ingilterra
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_View_through_a_Baroque_Colonnade_into_a_Garden,_1760-1768_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_View_through_a_Baroque_Colonnade_into_a_Garden,_1760-1768_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|128x128px|''View through a Baroque Colonnade into a Garden'']]
|Veduta minn Kolonnata [[Barokk|Barokka]] li tagħti għal Ġnien
|1760–1768
|Albertina, l-Awstrija
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_The_Doge_and_Grand_Council_in_Sala_del_Maggior_Consiglio_-_KMS3898_-_Statens_Museum_for_Kunst.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_The_Doge_and_Grand_Council_in_Sala_del_Maggior_Consiglio_-_KMS3898_-_Statens_Museum_for_Kunst.jpg|128x128px|''The Doge and Grand Council in Sala del Maggior Consiglio'']]
|Id-Doge u l-Gran Kunsill fis-Sala tal-Kunsill Maġġuri
|1763
|Statens Museum for Kunst, id-[[Danimarka]]
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_Doge_of_Venice_Departing_for_the_Lido.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_Doge_of_Venice_Departing_for_the_Lido.jpg|128x128px|''Doge of Venice Departing for the Lido'']]
|It-Tluq tad-Doge ta' Venezja Departing lejn il-Lido
|1763–67
|British Museum, Londra
|-
|[[File:Canaletto_-_Santa_Maria_Zobenigo.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Canaletto_-_Santa_Maria_Zobenigo.jpg|128x128px]]
|Santa Maria Zobenigo
|c. 1765
|Kollezzjoni Privata
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_Scala_dei_Giganti_-_WGA03967.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_Scala_dei_Giganti_-_WGA03967.jpg|185x185px]]
|Scala dei Giganti
|għall-ħabta tal-1765
|Kollezzjoni Privata
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_Perspective_View_with_Portico_-_WGA03965.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_Perspective_View_with_Portico_-_WGA03965.jpg|166x166px]]
|Perspettiva b'Portiku
|1765
|Gallerie dell'Accademia, Venezja, l-Italja
|-
|
|Kapriċċ b'Kolonnata fuq ġewwa ta' Palazz
|1765
|Il-Mużew Thyssen-Bornemisza, Madrid, Spanja
|-
|
|L-Iskola ta' San Mark
|1765
|Il-Mużew Thyssen-Bornemisza, Madrid, Spanja
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_San_Marco_-_the_Crossing_and_North_Transept,_with_Musicians_Singing_-_WGA03991.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canal,_il_Canaletto_-_San_Marco_-_the_Crossing_and_North_Transept,_with_Musicians_Singing_-_WGA03991.jpg|153x153px]]
|Il-Bażilika ta' San Mark minn ġewwa b'mużiċisti jkantaw
|1766
|Kunsthalle [[Amburgu|Hamburg]], il-Ġermanja
|-
|[[File:Bemberg_Fondation_Toulouse_-_Vue_de_Mestre_-_Canaletto_-_ca_1740_-_Inv_1010.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Bemberg_Fondation_Toulouse_-_Vue_de_Mestre_-_Canaletto_-_ca_1740_-_Inv_1010.jpg|128x128px]]
|Veduta ta' Mestre
|qabel l-1768
|Fondazzjoni Bemberg, Franza
|-
|[[File:Bemberg_Fondation_Toulouse_-_Vue_de_Dolo_-_Canaletto_ca_1740_-_Inv_1011.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Bemberg_Fondation_Toulouse_-_Vue_de_Dolo_-_Canaletto_ca_1740_-_Inv_1011.jpg|128x128px]]
|Veduta ta' Dolo
|qabel l-1768
|Fondazzjoni Bemberg, Franza
|-
|[[File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canaletto_-_Teilansicht_der_Piazza_San_Marco_in_Venedig.jpg|ħolqa=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Giovanni_Antonio_Canaletto_-_Teilansicht_der_Piazza_San_Marco_in_Venedig.jpg|128x128px]]
|Il-Pjazza ta' San Mark, Venezja
|1768
|
|}

== Referenzi ==</text>
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    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Partit Popolari (Malta)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <id>279741</id>
      <parentid>279734</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-25T13:14:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Mtonna257</username>
        <id>17384</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="3713" xml:space="preserve">{{Wikifikazzjoni}}{{stub|Politika}}
{{Info_Partit_Politiku_Malti |
  isem_partit = Partit Popolari |
  arma_partit = [[File:Emblema Partit Popolari.svg|200px]]|
  mexxej = Paul Salomone |
  fundat = [[1895]] riorganizzat [[2020]] |
  ideoloġija = [[Konservatiżmu]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Populiżmu]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Ewroxettiċiżmu]] |
  kuluri = [[Blu skur]] |
  kwartieri = Vjal il-21 ta Settembru&lt;br /&gt;Naxxar|
  sit = https://partitpopolari.mt/
|internazzjonali=(mhux applikabbli)|ewropea=(mhux applikabbli)|ewroparl=(mhux applikabbli)}}

Il-'''Partit Popolari''' (PP) huwa wieħed mill-partiti politiċi kontemporanji f’[[Malta]]. Il-PP ġie imwaqqaf fl-1895 bħala moviment għall-awtonomija li wassal għall-ewwel żviluppi fit-tfittxija għall-Indipendenza ta’ [[Malta]]. Ideoloġikament, il-Partit huwa lemini, populista u konservattiv. Il-partit jopponi l-immigrazzjoni illegali u spiss adotta pożizzjonijiet Ewroxettiċi.

== Storja ==

===Fondazzjoni u snin bikrija===

Il-Partit Popolari twaqqaf fit-2 ta' Ġunju 1895 minn Sigismondo Savona, li qabel kien il-mexxej tal-Partit Unjonista u tal-Partit Riformista. Persuni politiċi oħra involuti fit-twaqqif tal-Partit kienu l-Kanonku Ignazio Panzavecchia, Giuseppe Bonavia, Cesare Darmanin, Giovanni Vassallo, Antonio Dalli, Dr Andrea Pullicino u Dr Ernesto Manara. Bonavia, Darmanin u Vassallo biss kienu qabel partitarji ta’ Savona, filwaqt li Manara qabel kien kritiku evidenti. 

L-elezzjoni tal-1895 intrebħet mill-Partit Nazzjonalista u Panzavecchia ġie megħlub minn Mons. Alfredo Mifsud tal-PN bħala rappreżentant ekkleżjastiku. Madankollu, din l-elezzjoni wriet l-PP bħala forza politika prominenti peress li dan sfida l-poter tal-PN speċjalment meta Sigismondo Savona kien fuq quddiem fl-istħarriġ fost l-eletturi komuni. Ir-raġunijiet ewlenin wara l-popolarità daqshekk f’daqqa tal-Partit kienu l-pożizzjoni ta’ Savona dwar it-tassazzjoni u l-fehmiet ultra-nazzjonalisti tiegħu fir-rigward tal-lingwa Maltija u n-nazzjonalità ta’ Malta. B’kuntrast ma’ Fortunato Mizzi u l-PN, Savona kien kapaċi jidentifika ruħu mal-popolazzjoni li titkellem bil-Malti u li la kienet titkellem bl-Ingliż u lanqas bit-Taljan. Fil-fatt, Savona ħabbatha mal-Kamra tal-Avukati meta fl-1896 ippropona li l-ilsien Malti jintuża fil-qrati tal-liġi.

Il-Partit aġixxa b'mod indipendenti bejn it-twaqqif tiegħu fl-1895 u l-irtirar ta' Savona mill-politika fl-1898, u wara, taħt it-tmexxija ta' Panzavecchia, l-aderenti tiegħu gradwalment bdew joperaw aktar flimkien mal-Partito Nazionale fl-elezzjonijiet u fi ħdan il-Kunsill tal-Gvern, speċjalment wara li Panzavecchia spicca l-mexxej tal-moviment magħqud fl-1910. Wara l-għoti tal-Kostituzzjoni tal-1921, Panzavecchia ifforma l-Unione Politica Maltese, u l-lista tiegħu kienet tinkludi l-eks aderenti tal-PP, fosthom Antonio Dalli. Dan il-Partit rebaħ l-akbar numru ta’ siġġijiet fl-ewwel Parlament ta’ Malta fl-1921.

L-appoġġ tal-Partit ġie prinċiparjament mill-klassi tal-ħaddiema, u mill-Isla, fejn kien imwieled Panzavecchia u li kienet meqjusa bħala fortizza tal-PP.

== Tmexxija==

L-Att dwar il-Finanzjament tal-Partiti Politiċi, li daħal fis-seħħ fl-1 ta’ Jannar 2016, introduċa r-rekwiżit li l-partiti politiċi jirreġistraw lilhom infushom mal-Kummissjoni Elettorali u l-Partit Popolari finalment irreġistra f’Lulju 2020. Fl-ewwel Laqgħa Ġenerali Annwali li saret fl-4 ta’ Awwissu 2020, Paul Salomone ġie elett mexxej tal-Partit. Salomone nieda l-Partit aktar tard f'Novembru tal-istess sena.

== Riżultati tal-elezzjonijiet kkontestati ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!
!
!
!
|-
|
|
|
|
|-
|
|
|
|
|-
|
|
|
|
|}
[[Kategorija:Partiti politiċi ta' Malta]]</text>
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    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>279772</id>
      <parentid>279741</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-26T08:18:27Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Mtonna257</username>
        <id>17384</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Riżultati tal-elezzjonijiet kkontestati */</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3918" xml:space="preserve">{{Wikifikazzjoni}}{{stub|Politika}}
{{Info_Partit_Politiku_Malti |
  isem_partit = Partit Popolari |
  arma_partit = [[File:Emblema Partit Popolari.svg|200px]]|
  mexxej = Paul Salomone |
  fundat = [[1895]] riorganizzat [[2020]] |
  ideoloġija = [[Konservatiżmu]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Populiżmu]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Ewroxettiċiżmu]] |
  kuluri = [[Blu skur]] |
  kwartieri = Vjal il-21 ta Settembru&lt;br /&gt;Naxxar|
  sit = https://partitpopolari.mt/
|internazzjonali=(mhux applikabbli)|ewropea=(mhux applikabbli)|ewroparl=(mhux applikabbli)}}

Il-'''Partit Popolari''' (PP) huwa wieħed mill-partiti politiċi kontemporanji f’[[Malta]]. Il-PP ġie imwaqqaf fl-1895 bħala moviment għall-awtonomija li wassal għall-ewwel żviluppi fit-tfittxija għall-Indipendenza ta’ [[Malta]]. Ideoloġikament, il-Partit huwa lemini, populista u konservattiv. Il-partit jopponi l-immigrazzjoni illegali u spiss adotta pożizzjonijiet Ewroxettiċi.

== Storja ==

===Fondazzjoni u snin bikrija===

Il-Partit Popolari twaqqaf fit-2 ta' Ġunju 1895 minn Sigismondo Savona, li qabel kien il-mexxej tal-Partit Unjonista u tal-Partit Riformista. Persuni politiċi oħra involuti fit-twaqqif tal-Partit kienu l-Kanonku Ignazio Panzavecchia, Giuseppe Bonavia, Cesare Darmanin, Giovanni Vassallo, Antonio Dalli, Dr Andrea Pullicino u Dr Ernesto Manara. Bonavia, Darmanin u Vassallo biss kienu qabel partitarji ta’ Savona, filwaqt li Manara qabel kien kritiku evidenti. 

L-elezzjoni tal-1895 intrebħet mill-Partit Nazzjonalista u Panzavecchia ġie megħlub minn Mons. Alfredo Mifsud tal-PN bħala rappreżentant ekkleżjastiku. Madankollu, din l-elezzjoni wriet l-PP bħala forza politika prominenti peress li dan sfida l-poter tal-PN speċjalment meta Sigismondo Savona kien fuq quddiem fl-istħarriġ fost l-eletturi komuni. Ir-raġunijiet ewlenin wara l-popolarità daqshekk f’daqqa tal-Partit kienu l-pożizzjoni ta’ Savona dwar it-tassazzjoni u l-fehmiet ultra-nazzjonalisti tiegħu fir-rigward tal-lingwa Maltija u n-nazzjonalità ta’ Malta. B’kuntrast ma’ Fortunato Mizzi u l-PN, Savona kien kapaċi jidentifika ruħu mal-popolazzjoni li titkellem bil-Malti u li la kienet titkellem bl-Ingliż u lanqas bit-Taljan. Fil-fatt, Savona ħabbatha mal-Kamra tal-Avukati meta fl-1896 ippropona li l-ilsien Malti jintuża fil-qrati tal-liġi.

Il-Partit aġixxa b'mod indipendenti bejn it-twaqqif tiegħu fl-1895 u l-irtirar ta' Savona mill-politika fl-1898, u wara, taħt it-tmexxija ta' Panzavecchia, l-aderenti tiegħu gradwalment bdew joperaw aktar flimkien mal-Partito Nazionale fl-elezzjonijiet u fi ħdan il-Kunsill tal-Gvern, speċjalment wara li Panzavecchia spicca l-mexxej tal-moviment magħqud fl-1910. Wara l-għoti tal-Kostituzzjoni tal-1921, Panzavecchia ifforma l-Unione Politica Maltese, u l-lista tiegħu kienet tinkludi l-eks aderenti tal-PP, fosthom Antonio Dalli. Dan il-Partit rebaħ l-akbar numru ta’ siġġijiet fl-ewwel Parlament ta’ Malta fl-1921.

L-appoġġ tal-Partit ġie prinċiparjament mill-klassi tal-ħaddiema, u mill-Isla, fejn kien imwieled Panzavecchia u li kienet meqjusa bħala fortizza tal-PP.

== Tmexxija==

L-Att dwar il-Finanzjament tal-Partiti Politiċi, li daħal fis-seħħ fl-1 ta’ Jannar 2016, introduċa r-rekwiżit li l-partiti politiċi jirreġistraw lilhom infushom mal-Kummissjoni Elettorali u l-Partit Popolari finalment irreġistra f’Lulju 2020. Fl-ewwel Laqgħa Ġenerali Annwali li saret fl-4 ta’ Awwissu 2020, Paul Salomone ġie elett mexxej tal-Partit. Salomone nieda l-Partit aktar tard f'Novembru tal-istess sena.

== Riżultati tal-elezzjonijiet kkontestati ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Elezzjoni
!Mexxej
!Voti
!%
!Siġġijiet
!+/–
!Pożizzjoni
!Status
|-
!2022
|Paul Salamone
|1,533
|0.52%
|{{Composition bar|0|70}}
|Partit Ġdid
|{{Ċċentra|4a}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center; background:#FFC7C7;&quot; |Oppożizzjoni Non-parlamentari
|}
[[Kategorija:Partiti politiċi ta' Malta]]</text>
      <sha1>1k1taxypz73kx2loy2rnyt4hxy6ls6l</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Palazz ta' Versailles</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>28918</id>
    <revision>
      <id>279739</id>
      <parentid>279738</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-25T12:37:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Trigcly</username>
        <id>17859</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Rwol fil-politika */ żieda kontenut</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="69109" xml:space="preserve">[[Stampa:Versailles-Chateau-Jardins02.jpg|daqsminuri|274x274px|Il-Palazz ta' Versailles.]]
Il-'''Palazz ta' Versailles''' (pronunzja: /vɛərˈsaɪ, vɜːrˈsaɪ/ ''vair-SY, vur-SY'';&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://www.dictionary.com/browse/versailles|titlu=Definition of Versailles {{!}} Dictionary.com|sit=www.dictionary.com|lingwa=en|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt; bil-[[Lingwa Franċiża|Franċiż]]: ''Château de Versailles'' [ʃɑto d(ə) vɛʁsɑj]) huwa eks residenza rjali li nbena mir-Re [[Lwiġi XIV ta' Franza|Lwiġi XIV]] u li jinsab f'[[Versailles]], madwar 12-il mil (19-il kilometru) fil-Punent ta' [[Pariġi]], [[Franza]]. Is-sjieda tal-palazz hija tar-Repubblika Franċiża u mill-1995 ġie ġestit, taħt it-tmexxija tal-Ministeru Franċiż għall-[[Kultura]], mill-Istabbiliment Pubbliku tal-Palazz tal-[[Mużew]] u l-Proprjetà Nazzjonali ta' Versailles.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://en.chateauversailles.fr/public-establishment|titlu=The Public Establishment|data=2016-10-31|sit=Palace of Versailles|lingwa=en|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kull sena, bħala medja, 15,000,000 ruħ iżuru l-palazz, il-park jew il-ġonna ta' Versailles, għaldaqstant huwa wieħed mill-iżjed attrazzjonijiet turistiċi li jżuruh nies fid-[[Id-Dinja|dinja]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://us.france.fr/en/paris/article/palace-versailles-chateau-versailles|titlu=Palace of Versailles (Château de Versailles)|sit=us.france.fr|lingwa=en|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt; Minħabba l-[[pandemija tal-COVID-19]], l-għadd ta' viżitaturi li ħallsu l-biljett biex iżuru l-Palazz ta' Versailles naqas b'75 % minn tmien miljuni fl-2019 għal żewġ miljuni fl-2020. It-tnaqqis kien partikolarment qawwi fost il-viżitaturi barranin, li jirrappreżentaw tmenin fil-mija tal-viżitaturi li jħallsu l-biljett.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://chroniques.amisdeversailles.com/le-rapport-dactivite-2020-du-chateau-est-en-ligne/|titlu=Le rapport d'activité 2020 du château est en ligne|kunjom=benedicte|data=2021-07-24|lingwa=fr-FR|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Lwiġi XIII]] bena loġġa tal-kaċċa sempliċi fis-sit tal-Palazz ta' Versailles fl-1623 u ssostitwieh b'palazz żgħir fl-1631-1634. Lwiġi XIV kabbar il-palazz f'diversi fażijiet mill-1661 sal-1715. Kien residenza favorita taż-żewġ rejiet, u fl-1682, Lwiġi XIV ttrasferixxa s-sede tal-qorti u tal-gvern tiegħu lejn Versailles, u b'hekk il-palazz ''de facto'' sar il-[[belt kapitali]] ta' Franza u baqa' hekk anke taħt ir-Rejiet [[Lwiġi XV ta’ Franza|Lwiġi XV]] u [[Lwiġi XVI ta' Franza|Lwiġi XVI]], li primarjament għamlu alterazzjonijiet fuq ġewwa tal-palazz, iżda fl-1789 il-familja rjali u l-belt kapitali ta' Franza reġgħu lura lejn Pariġi. Għall-kumplament tar-[[Rivoluzzjoni Franċiża]], il-Palazz ta' Versailles ġie abbandunat għalkollox u żvujtat mill-kontenuti tiegħu, u l-popolazzjoni tal-belt u tal-inħawi naqset ferm.

[[Napuljun I ta' Franza|Napuljun Bonaparte]], wara li ħa lil Franza f'idejh, uża l-Palazz ta' Versailles bħala r-residenza tas-sajf tiegħu mill-1810 sal-1814, iżda ma rrestawrahx. Meta l-Monarkija Franċiża rrestawratu, xorta waħda baqgħet f'Pariġi, u qabel is-snin 30 tas-seklu 19 ma sarux tiswijiet kbar fil-palazz. Il-Mużew tal-[[Storja|Istorja]] ta' Franza ġie installat ġo fih minflok l-appartamenti tas-sezzjoni tan-Nofsinhar tal-palazz.

Il-palazz u l-park tniżżlu fil-lista tas-[[Sit ta' Wirt Dinji|Siti ta' Wirt Dinji]] tal-[[UNESCO]] fl-1979 għall-importanza tagħhom bħala ċentru tal-poter, tal-[[arti]] u tax-[[xjenza]] fi Franza matul is-[[Seklu 17|sekli 17]] u 18.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/83/|titlu=Palace and Park of Versailles|kunjom=Centre|isem=UNESCO World Heritage|sit=UNESCO World Heritage Centre|lingwa=en|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt; Il-Ministeru Franċiż għall-Kultura elenka l-palazz, il-ġonna u xi strutturi sussidjarji tiegħu fil-lista tiegħu ta' [[Monument|monumenti]] sinifikanti kulturalment.

== Storja ==
[[Stampa:Versailles on the 1652 map of Paris by Gomboust - Gallica 2012.jpg|daqsminuri|Inċiżjoni ta' [[Jacques Gomboust]] tal-Palazz ta' Versailles għall-ħabta tal-1652.]]
Fl-1623&lt;ref&gt;Spaworth, Anthony (2008). ''Versailles: A Biography of a Palace''. Macmillan Publishers. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-3123-5785-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 2.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Ayers, Andrew (2004). ''The Architecture of Paris: An Architectural Guide''. Edition Axel Menges. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;9783930698967&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 333.&lt;/ref&gt;, Lwiġi XIII, ir-Re ta' Franza, bena loġġa tal-kaċċa fuq għolja f'art tal-kaċċa li kienet għal qalbu, 12-il mil (19-il kilometru) fil-Punent ta' Pariġi, u 10 mili (16-il kilometru) mir-residenza primarja tiegħu, il-[[Palazz ta' Saint-Germain-en-Laye]].&lt;ref&gt;Spaworth, Anthony (2008). ''Versailles: A Biography of a Palace''. Macmillan Publishers. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-3123-5785-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 1-2.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Hoog, Simone (1996). &quot;Versailles&quot;. In Turner, Jane (ed.). ''The Dictionary of Art''. Vol. 32. New York: Grove. pp. 369–374. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;9781884446009&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 369.&lt;/ref&gt; Is-sit, qrib villaġġ imsejjaħ Versailles, kien art mistagħdra b'żoni bil-boskijiet li l-qorti ta' Lwiġi XIII ddeskriviet bħala post li ma jistħoqlux li jmur fih ir-re;&lt;ref&gt;Jones, Colin (2018). ''Versailles''. Basic Books. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-1-5416-7338-0&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 15.&lt;/ref&gt; wieħed mill-membri tal-qorti tiegħu, [[François de Bassompierre]], kiteb li l-loġġa &quot;ma tispirax il-vanità lanqas fl-iktar ġentlom sempliċi&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;Walton, Guy (1986). ''Louis XIV's Versailles''. University of Chicago Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-2268-7254-4&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 53.&lt;/ref&gt; Mill-1631 sal-1634, l-[[arkitett]] [[Philibert Le Roy]] issostitwixxa l-loġġa b'palazz għal Lwiġi XIII&lt;ref&gt;Jones, Colin (2018). ''Versailles''. Basic Books. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-1-5416-7338-0&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 15-16.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Berger, Robert W. (1994). ''A Royal Passion: Louis XIV as Patron of Architecture''. Cambridge University Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;0-521-44029-7&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 53.&lt;/ref&gt;, li pprojbixxa lir-reġina tiegħu, Anna tal-[[Awstrija]], milli torqod fih,&lt;ref&gt;Jones, Colin (2018). ''Versailles''. Basic Books. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-1-5416-7338-0&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 16.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Spaworth, Anthony (2008). ''Versailles: A Biography of a Palace''. Macmillan Publishers. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-3123-5785-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 3.&lt;/ref&gt; anke meta kien hemm tifqigħa ta' ġidri f'Saint-Germain-en-Laye fl-1641 li obbligat lil Lwiġi XIII jmur f'Versailles flimkien mal-eredi tiegħu li kellu tliet snin, u li mbagħad sar Lwiġi XIV.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://en.chateauversailles.fr/discover/history|titlu=History|data=2016-03-27|sit=Palace of Versailles|lingwa=en|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Meta Lwiġi XIII [[Mewt|miet]] fl-1643, Anna saret ir-reġġenti ta' Lwiġi XIV&lt;ref&gt;Bohanan, Donna (2001). ''Crown and Nobility in Early Modern France''. European History in Perspective. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-333-71694-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 58.&lt;/ref&gt;, u l-palazz ta' Lwiġi XIII ġie abbandunat għal deċennju sħiħ. Anna ttrasferiet il-qorti lura f'Pariġi&lt;ref&gt;Jones, Colin (2018). ''Versailles''. Basic Books. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-1-5416-7338-0&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 17.&lt;/ref&gt;, fejn hi u l-ministru ewlieni tagħha, il-[[Kardinal Mazarin]], komplew il-prattiki monetarji xejn popolari ta' Lwiġi XIII. Dan wassal għall-''Fronde'', sensiela ta' rewwixti kontra l-awtorità rjali mill-1648 sal-1653 u li b'mod parallel wasslet għal taqbida bejn Mazarin u l-prinċpijiet b'[[demm]] irjali, il-familja estiża ta' Lwiġi XIV, għal influwenza fuqu.&lt;ref&gt;Bohanan, Donna (2001). ''Crown and Nobility in Early Modern France''. European History in Perspective. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-333-71694-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 58, 60 u 66.&lt;/ref&gt; Wara l-Fronde, Lwiġi XIV kien iddeterminat li jirrenja waħdu.&lt;ref&gt;Spaworth, Anthony (2008). ''Versailles: A Biography of a Palace''. Macmillan Publishers. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-3123-5785-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 26.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Bohanan, Donna (2001). ''Crown and Nobility in Early Modern France''. European History in Perspective. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-333-71694-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 66.&lt;/ref&gt; Wara l-mewt ta' Mazarin fl-1661&lt;ref&gt;Berger, Robert W. (1994). ''A Royal Passion: Louis XIV as Patron of Architecture''. Cambridge University Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;0-521-44029-7&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 18.&lt;/ref&gt;, Lwiġi XIV rriforma l-gvern tiegħu biex jeskludi lil ommu u lill-prinċpijiet b'demm irjali, ittrasferixxa l-qorti lura lejn Saint-Germain-en-Laye&lt;ref&gt;Jones, Colin (2018). Versailles. Basic Books. &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 978-1-5416-7338-0&lt;/nowiki&gt;. p. 25.&lt;/ref&gt;, u ordna l-espansjoni tal-palazz ta' missieru għall-Palazz ta' Versailles kif inhu llum il-ġurnata.&lt;ref&gt;Hoog, Simone (1996). &quot;Versailles&quot;. In Turner, Jane (ed.). ''The Dictionary of Art''. Vol. 32. New York: Grove. pp. 369–374. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;9781884446009&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 369-370.&lt;/ref&gt;

Lwiġi XIV kien ikkaċċja f'Versailles fis-snin 50 tas-seklu 17, iżda ma kellux xi interess speċjali f'Versailles qabel l-1661.&lt;ref&gt;Spaworth, Anthony (2008). ''Versailles: A Biography of a Palace''. Macmillan Publishers. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-3123-5785-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 4-5.&lt;/ref&gt; Fis-17 ta' Awwissu 1661&lt;ref&gt;Bonney, Richard (2007). &quot;Vindication of the Fronde? The cost of Louis XIV's Versailles building programme&quot;. ''French History''. Oxford University Press. '''21''' (2): 205–22. p. 223.&lt;/ref&gt;, Lwiġi XIV kien mistieden f'festival lussuż ospitat minn [[Nicolas Fouquet]], is-Sovraintendent tal-Finanzi, fir-residenza tal-palazz tiegħu, il-[[Palazz ta' Vaux-le-Vicomte]].&lt;ref&gt;Blanning, T. C. W. (2002). ''The Culture of Power and the Power of Culture: Old Regime Europe 1660–1789''. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198227458.001.0001. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-1982-2745-8&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 33.&lt;/ref&gt; Lwiġi XIV baqa' impressjonat bil-palazz u l-ġonna tiegħu&lt;ref&gt;Jones, Colin (2018). ''Versailles''. Basic Books. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-1-5416-7338-0&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 19.&lt;/ref&gt;, li kienu xogħol [[Louis Le Vau]], l-arkitett tal-qorti mill-1654, [[André Le Nôtre]], il-[[ġardinar]] irjali mill-1657, u [[Charles Le Brun]], pittur għas-servizz irjali mill-1647.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://en.chateauversailles.fr/discover/history/great-characters/charles-brun|titlu=Charles Le Brun|data=2016-11-02|sit=Palace of Versailles|lingwa=en|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt; L-iskala u l-opulenza tal-Palazz ta' Vaux-le-Vicomte ispiraw is-sens estetiku ta' Lwiġi XIV, iżda wassluh ukoll biex f'Settembru ta' dik is-sena jitfa' lil Fouquet il-ħabs, għaliex kien bena wkoll fortizza fuq gżira u armata privata.&lt;ref&gt;Berger, Robert W. (1994). ''A Royal Passion: Louis XIV as Patron of Architecture''. Cambridge University Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;0-521-44029-7&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 18-19.&lt;/ref&gt; Lwiġi XIV kien ispirat ukoll minn Vaux-le-Vicomte&lt;ref&gt;Walton, Guy (1986). ''Louis XIV's Versailles''. University of Chicago Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-2268-7254-4&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 41.&lt;/ref&gt;, u qabbad l-awturi ta' dik l-opra biex jaħdmu fuq il-proġetti tiegħu.&lt;ref&gt;Blanning, T. C. W. (2002). ''The Culture of Power and the Power of Culture: Old Regime Europe 1660–1789''. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198227458.001.0001. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-1982-2745-8&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 40.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Walton, Guy (1986). ''Louis XIV's Versailles''. University of Chicago Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-2268-7254-4&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 42.&lt;/ref&gt; Lwiġi XIV ssostitwixxa lil Fouquet b'[[Jean-Baptiste Colbert]], li kien jappoġġa lil Mazarin u kien għadu ta' Fouquet, u qabbdu jġestixxi l-korp ta' [[Artiġjan|artiġjani]] tas-servizz irjali.&lt;ref&gt;Bonney, Richard (2007). &quot;Vindication of the Fronde? The cost of Louis XIV's Versailles building programme&quot;. ''French History''. Oxford University Press. '''21''' (2): 205–22. pp. 208-210.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Spaworth, Anthony (2008). ''Versailles: A Biography of a Palace''. Macmillan Publishers. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-3123-5785-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 5.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Blanning, T. C. W. (2002). ''The Culture of Power and the Power of Culture: Old Regime Europe 1660–1789''. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198227458.001.0001. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-1982-2745-8&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 36.&lt;/ref&gt; Colbert għamilha ta' intermedjarju bejnhom u Lwiġi XIV&lt;ref&gt;Berger, Robert W. (1994). ''A Royal Passion: Louis XIV as Patron of Architecture''. Cambridge University Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;0-521-44029-7&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 20.&lt;/ref&gt;, li ddirieġa u spezzjona personalment l-ippjanar u l-kostruzzjoni tal-Palazz ta' Versailles.&lt;ref&gt;Spaworth, Anthony (2008). ''Versailles: A Biography of a Palace''. Macmillan Publishers. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-3123-5785-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 9.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Walton, Guy (1986). ''Louis XIV's Versailles''. University of Chicago Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-2268-7254-4&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 35.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Berger, Robert W. (1994). ''A Royal Passion: Louis XIV as Patron of Architecture''. Cambridge University Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;0-521-44029-7&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 25.&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Kostruzzjoni ===
[[Stampa:Chateau de Versailles 1668 Pierre Patel.jpg|xellug|daqsminuri|Il-Palazz ta' Versailles fl-1668, [[pittura]] ta' [[Pierre Patel]].]]
Għall-ewwel ix-xogħol f'Versailles ikkonċentra fuq il-park u l-ġonna tal-palazz&lt;ref&gt;Walton, Guy (1986). ''Louis XIV's Versailles''. University of Chicago Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-2268-7254-4&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 55-63.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Spaworth, Anthony (2008). ''Versailles: A Biography of a Palace''. Macmillan Publishers. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-3123-5785-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 4.&lt;/ref&gt;, u fis-snin 60 tas-seklu 17, Le Vau żied biss żewġ sezzjonijiet distakkati tas-servizz u binja ta' riċeviment quddiem il-palazz.&lt;ref&gt;Ayers, Andrew (2004). ''The Architecture of Paris: An Architectural Guide''. Edition Axel Menges. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;9783930698967&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 334.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Berger, Robert W. (1994). ''A Royal Passion: Louis XIV as Patron of Architecture''. Cambridge University Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;0-521-44029-7&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 54.&lt;/ref&gt; Iżda fl-1668-1669&lt;ref&gt;Spaworth, Anthony (2008). ''Versailles: A Biography of a Palace''. Macmillan Publishers. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-3123-5785-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 6.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Walton, Guy (1986). ''Louis XIV's Versailles''. University of Chicago Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-2268-7254-4&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 67.&lt;/ref&gt;, bħala rispons għat-tkabbir tal-ġonna&lt;ref&gt;Walton, Guy (1986). ''Louis XIV's Versailles''. University of Chicago Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-2268-7254-4&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 62-63, 69.&lt;/ref&gt;, u r-rebħa kontra [[Spanja]] fil-Gwerra tad-Devoluzzjoni, Lwiġi XIV ddeċieda li l-Palazz ta' Versailles isir residenza rjali fuq skala kbira.&lt;ref&gt;Ayers, Andrew (2004). ''The Architecture of Paris: An Architectural Guide''. Edition Axel Menges. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;9783930698967&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 334.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Berger, Robert W. (1994). ''A Royal Passion: Louis XIV as Patron of Architecture''. Cambridge University Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;0-521-44029-7&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 61.&lt;/ref&gt; Għall-ewwel kien indeċiż bejn is-sostituzzjoni jew l-inkorporazzjoni tal-palazz ta' missieru, iżda għażel din tal-aħħar sa tmiem id-deċennju&lt;ref&gt;Berger, Robert W. (1994). ''A Royal Passion: Louis XIV as Patron of Architecture''. Cambridge University Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;0-521-44029-7&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 61, 64.&lt;/ref&gt;, u mill-1668 sal-1671&lt;ref&gt;Ayers, Andrew (2004). ''The Architecture of Paris: An Architectural Guide''. Edition Axel Menges. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;9783930698967&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 334-335.&lt;/ref&gt;, il-palazz ta' Lwiġi XIII ġie inkorporat fuq tliet naħat b'teknika mlaqqma l-''enveloppe''.&lt;ref&gt;Berger, Robert W. (1994). ''A Royal Passion: Louis XIV as Patron of Architecture''. Cambridge University Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;0-521-44029-7&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 64.&lt;/ref&gt; B'hekk, il-palazz ingħata faċċata ġdida [[Italja|Taljanizzata]] li tħares lejn il-ġonna, iżda l-faċċata tal-bitħa ġiet ippreservata.&lt;ref&gt;Hoog, Simone (1996). &quot;Versailles&quot;. In Turner, Jane (ed.). ''The Dictionary of Art''. Vol. 32. New York: Grove. pp. 369–374. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;9781884446009&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 370.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Spaworth, Anthony (2008). ''Versailles: A Biography of a Palace''. Macmillan Publishers. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-3123-5785-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 7.&lt;/ref&gt; Dan irriżulta f'taħlita ta' stili u ta' materjali li ssorprendew lil Lwiġi XIV u li Colbert iddeskriva bħala &quot;ħallata ballata&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;Jones, Colin (2018). ''Versailles''. Basic Books. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-1-5416-7338-0&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 24.&lt;/ref&gt; It-tentattivi ta' omoġenizzazzjoni taż-żewġ faċċati ma rnexxewx, u fl-1670 Le Vau miet&lt;ref&gt;Spaworth, Anthony (2008). ''Versailles: A Biography of a Palace''. Macmillan Publishers. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-3123-5785-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 7-8.&lt;/ref&gt;, u l-kariga tiegħu bħala l-Ewwel Arkitett tar-Re baqgħet battala għas-seba' snin ta' wara.&lt;ref&gt;Berger, Robert W. (1994). ''A Royal Passion: Louis XIV as Patron of Architecture''. Cambridge University Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;0-521-44029-7&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 22.&lt;/ref&gt;
[[Stampa:Chateau de Versailles 1675FXD.jpg|daqsminuri|258x258px|Il-faċċata ta' Le Vau li tagħti fuq il-ġonna għall-ħabta tal-1675.]]
Minflok Le Vau laħaq f'Versailles l-assistent tiegħu, l-arkitett [[François d'Orbay]].&lt;ref&gt;Berger, Robert W. (1985). ''Versailles: The Château of Louis XIV''. Penn State University Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;0-271-00412-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 22.&lt;/ref&gt; Ix-xogħol fuq il-palazz matul is-snin 70 tas-seklu 17 iffoka fuq ġewwa tal-palazz, peress li l-palazz minn barra kien kważi tlesta&lt;ref&gt;Walton, Guy (1986). ''Louis XIV's Versailles''. University of Chicago Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-2268-7254-4&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 91.&lt;/ref&gt;, għalkemm d'Orbay kabbar is-sezzjonijiet tas-servizz ta' Le Vau u kkollegahom mal-palazz, u bena żewġ paviljuni għall-impjegati tal-gvern fil-binja quddiem il-palazz.&lt;ref&gt;Jones, Colin (2018). ''Versailles''. Basic Books. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-1-5416-7338-0&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 22.&lt;/ref&gt; Fl-1670, d'Orbay tqabbad minn Lwiġi XIV biex jiddisinja belt, imsejħa Versailles, sabiex jipprovdi l-akkomodazzjoni u s-servizzi għall-gvern u għall-qorti ta' Lwiġi XIV li kulma jmur baqgħu jikbru.&lt;ref&gt;Walton, Guy (1986). ''Louis XIV's Versailles''. University of Chicago Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-2268-7254-4&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 38.&lt;/ref&gt; L-għoti tal-art lill-membri tal-qorti għall-kostruzzjoni ta' djar fil-kampanja li kienu qishom il-palazz beda fl-1671.&lt;ref&gt;Jones, Colin (2018). ''Versailles''. Basic Books. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-1-5416-7338-0&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 27-28.&lt;/ref&gt; Is-sena ta' wara faqqgħet il-Gwerra bejn Franza u n-[[Pajjiżi l-Baxxi|Netherlands]] u l-finanzjament għal Versailles intemm sal-1674&lt;ref&gt;Walton, Guy (1986). ''Louis XIV's Versailles''. University of Chicago Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-2268-7254-4&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 50-51.&lt;/ref&gt;, meta Lwiġi XIV ordna li jibda x-xogħol fuq it-Taraġ tal-Ambaxxaturi, taraġ grandjuż għar-riċeviment tal-mistednin, u waqqa' l-aħħar villaġġ ta' Versailles.&lt;ref&gt;Spaworth, Anthony (2008). ''Versailles: A Biography of a Palace''. Macmillan Publishers. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-3123-5785-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 9, 11.&lt;/ref&gt;
[[Stampa:General view of Versailles in circa 1682 by Adam Perelle.png|xellug|daqsminuri|274x274px|Il-Palazz ta' Versailles għall-ħabta tal-1682, inċiżjoni ta' [[Adam Perelle]].]]
Wara li ntemmet il-Gwerra bejn Franza u n-Netherlands bir-rebħa ta' Franza fl-1678, Lwiġi XIV ħatar bħala l-Ewwel Arkitett lil [[Jules Hardouin-Mansart]]&lt;ref&gt;Walton, Guy (1986). ''Louis XIV's Versailles''. University of Chicago Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-2268-7254-4&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 93.&lt;/ref&gt;, arkitett bl-esperjenza li kien igawdi l-fiduċja tiegħu&lt;ref&gt;Berger, Robert W. (1994). ''A Royal Passion: Louis XIV as Patron of Architecture''. Cambridge University Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;0-521-44029-7&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 86-87, 113.&lt;/ref&gt;, li bbenefika minn baġit ġdid u forza tax-xogħol kbira magħmula minn eks suldati.&lt;ref&gt;Spaworth, Anthony (2008). ''Versailles: A Biography of a Palace''. Macmillan Publishers. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-3123-5785-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 18.&lt;/ref&gt; Mansart beda x-xogħol tiegħu billi bejn l-1678 u l-1681 żied is-Sala tal-Mirja, wettaq rinnovazzjoni tal-faċċata tal-bitħa tal-palazz ta' Lwiġi XIII, u kabbar il-paviljuni ta' d'Orbay biex joħloq is-Sezzjonijiet tal-Ministri fl-1678-1679.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://en.chateauversailles.fr/discover/history/key-dates/versailles-capital-kingdom-1682|titlu=Versailles, “capital” of the kingdom, 1682|data=2016-11-22|sit=Palace of Versailles|lingwa=en|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt; Biswit il-palazz, Mansart bena żewġ stalel imsejħa l-Grande u l-Petite Écuries mill-1679 sal-1682,&lt;ref&gt;Berger, Robert W. (1994). ''A Royal Passion: Louis XIV as Patron of Architecture''. Cambridge University Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;0-521-44029-7&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 114.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://en.chateauversailles.fr/discover/estate/royal-stables|titlu=The Royal Stables|data=2016-10-17|sit=Palace of Versailles|lingwa=en|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt; kif ukoll il-Grand Commun, li kien jospita l-qaddejja u l-kċejjen ġenerali tal-palazz, mill-1682 sal-1684.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://en.chateauversailles.fr/discover/estate/palace/grand-commun|titlu=The Grand Commun|data=2019-08-02|sit=Palace of Versailles|lingwa=en|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mansart żied ukoll żewġ sezzjonijiet ġodda għalkollox bl-istil Taljanizzat ta' Le Vau sabiex jospitaw il-qorti&lt;ref&gt;Spaworth, Anthony (2008). ''Versailles: A Biography of a Palace''. Macmillan Publishers. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-3123-5785-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 10-11.&lt;/ref&gt;, l-ewwel fin-naħa tan-Nofsinhar tal-palazz mill-1679 sal-1681, u mbagħad fin-naħa tat-Tramuntana mill-1685 sal-1689.&lt;ref&gt;Jones, Colin (2018). ''Versailles''. Basic Books. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-1-5416-7338-0&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 43.&lt;/ref&gt;

Il-gwerra u l-finanzjament imnaqqas minħabba fiha wasslu biex il-kostruzzjoni ssir ferm iktar bil-mod f'Versailles għall-bqija tas-seklu 17. Il-Gwerra ta' Disa' Snin, li bdiet fl-1688, waqqfet ix-xogħol għalkollox sal-1698. Tliet snin wara, madankollu, bdiet il-Gwerra tas-Suċċessjoni Spanjola&lt;ref&gt;Walton, Guy (1986). ''Louis XIV's Versailles''. University of Chicago Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-2268-7254-4&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 51.&lt;/ref&gt; li swiet ferm iktar flus, u flimkien mal-ħsad batut fl-1693-1694 u fl-1709-1710&lt;ref&gt;Jones, Colin (2018). ''Versailles''. Basic Books. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-1-5416-7338-0&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 52.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Doyle, William, ed. (2001). ''Old Regime France''. Short Oxford History of France. Oxford University Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;0-19-873129-9&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 190.&lt;/ref&gt;, dawn wasslu biex Franza tidħol fi kriżi.&lt;ref&gt;Walton, Guy (1986). ''Louis XIV's Versailles''. University of Chicago Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-2268-7254-4&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 51-52.&lt;/ref&gt; B'hekk, Lwiġi XIV naqqas il-finanzjament u kkanċella wħud mix-xogħlijiet li Mansart kien ippjana għas-snin 80 tas-seklu 17, bħall-immudellar mill-ġdid tal-faċċata tal-bitħa bl-istil Taljanizzat. Lwiġi XIV u Mansart iffukaw fuq [[kappella]] permanenti għall-palazz&lt;ref&gt;Spaworth, Anthony (2008). ''Versailles: A Biography of a Palace''. Macmillan Publishers. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-3123-5785-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 17-19.&lt;/ref&gt;, u l-kostruzzjoni tagħha damet mill-1699 sal-1710.&lt;ref&gt;Jones, Colin (2018). ''Versailles''. Basic Books. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-1-5416-7338-0&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 53.&lt;/ref&gt;
[[Stampa:Nicolas Cochin Masked Ball 1745FXD.jpg|daqsminuri|276x276px|Ballu bil-maskri fis-Sala tal-Mirja (1745), pittura ta' [[Charles-Nicolas Cochin]].]]
Is-suċċessuri ta' Lwiġi XIV, Lwiġi XV u Lwiġi XVI, inġenerali ħallew il-Palazz ta' Versailles kif wirtuh u ffukaw fuq ġewwa tal-palazz. Il-modifiki ta' Lwiġi XV bdew fis-snin 30 tas-seklu 18, bit-tlestija tas-Sala ta' [[Erkole]], kamra tal-ballu fis-sezzjoni tat-Tramuntana, u t-tkabbir tal-appartament privat tar-re&lt;ref&gt;Jones, Colin (2018). ''Versailles''. Basic Books. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-1-5416-7338-0&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 59-60, 65.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Spaworth, Anthony (2008). ''Versailles: A Biography of a Palace''. Macmillan Publishers. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-3123-5785-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 20-21.&lt;/ref&gt;, li kien jeħtieġ it-tiġrif tat-Taraġ tal-Ambaxxaturi. Fl-1748, Lwiġi XV beda l-kostruzzjoni ta' teatru tal-palazz, it-Teatru Rjali tal-Opri ta' Versailles fl-iktar sezzjoni tat-Tramuntana tal-palazz&lt;ref&gt;Spaworth, Anthony (2008). ''Versailles: A Biography of a Palace''. Macmillan Publishers. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-3123-5785-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 21.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://en.chateauversailles.fr/discover/estate/palace/royal-opera|titlu=The Royal Opera|data=2016-03-27|sit=Palace of Versailles|lingwa=en|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;, iżda t-tlestija ġiet imdewma sal-1770;&lt;ref&gt;Jones, Colin (2018). ''Versailles''. Basic Books. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-1-5416-7338-0&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 61.&lt;/ref&gt; il-kostruzzjoni ġiet interrotta fis-snin 40 tas-seklu 18 minħabba l-Gwerra tas-Suċċessjoni [[Awstrija|Awstrijaka]] u mill-ġdid fl-1756 meta faqqgħet il-Gwerra ta' Seba' Snin. Dawn il-gwerer żvujtaw it-teżor irjali u minn hemm 'il quddiem il-kostruzzjoni ġiet iffinanzjata l-ikbar mis-[[Sinjura du Barry]], il-maħbuba favorita ta' Lwiġi XV. Fl-1771, Lwiġi XV ordna li s-Sezzjoni tal-Ministri tinbena mill-ġdid bi stil Neoklassiku minn [[Ange-Jacques Gabriel]], l-arkitett tal-qorti, peress li kienet waslet biex taqa'. Dak ix-xogħol twaqqaf ukoll minħabba diffikultajiet finanzjarji, u baqa' ma tlestiex meta miet Lwiġi XV fl-1774. Fl-1784, Lwiġi XVI għal żmien qasir ittrasferixxa l-familja rjali lejn il-[[Palazz ta' Saint-Cloud]] sakemm saru iktar rinnovazzjonijiet fil-Palazz ta' Versailles, iżda l-kostruzzjoni ma setgħetx tibda minħabba diffikultajiet finanzjarji u minħabba kriżi [[politika]].&lt;ref&gt;Spaworth, Anthony (2008). ''Versailles: A Biography of a Palace''. Macmillan Publishers. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-3123-5785-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 21-24.&lt;/ref&gt; Fl-1789, ir-Rivoluzzjoni Franċiża temmet il-perjodu tal-familja u tal-gvern irjali f'Versailles għal dejjem.&lt;ref&gt;Spaworth, Anthony (2008). ''Versailles: A Biography of a Palace''. Macmillan Publishers. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-3123-5785-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 24.&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Rwol fil-politika ===
[[Stampa:Réception du Grand Condé à Versailles (Jean-Léon Gérôme, 1878).png|daqsminuri|253x253px|''Ir-Riċeviment tal-Grand Condé f'Versailles'', pittura ta' Jean-Léon Gérôme.]]
Il-Palazz ta' Versailles kien ċentrali fil-politika ta' Lwiġi XIV, bħala espressjoni u konċentrazzjoni tal-arti u tal-kultura Franċiża, u għaċ-ċentralizzazzjoni tal-poter irjali.&lt;ref&gt;Blanning, T. C. W. (2002). ''The Culture of Power and the Power of Culture: Old Regime Europe 1660–1789''. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198227458.001.0001. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-1982-2745-8&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 33-40.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Bohanan, Donna (2001). ''Crown and Nobility in Early Modern France''. European History in Perspective. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-333-71694-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 61-64.&lt;/ref&gt; Lwiġi XIV użda l-Palazz ta' Versailles għall-ewwel darba biex jippromwovi lilu nnifsu permezz ta' sensiela ta' festivals billejl fil-ġonna tal-palazz fl-1664, fl-1668 u fl-1674, u dawn ġew imxerda mal-[[Ewropa]] kollha permezz ta' litografiji u inċiżjonijiet.&lt;ref&gt;Blanning, T. C. W. (2002). ''The Culture of Power and the Power of Culture: Old Regime Europe 1660–1789''. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198227458.001.0001. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-1982-2745-8&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 49. &lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Walton, Guy (1986). ''Louis XIV's Versailles''. University of Chicago Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-2268-7254-4&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 57, 59.&lt;/ref&gt; Saħansitra fl-1669, iżda speċjalement mill-1678&lt;ref&gt;Jones, Colin (2018). ''Versailles''. Basic Books. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-1-5416-7338-0&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 26.&lt;/ref&gt;, Lwiġi XIV għamel ħiltu biex Versailles issir is-sede tal-gvern tiegħu, u kabbar il-palazz sabiex jistabbilixxi l-qorti fih.&lt;ref&gt;Bohanan, Donna (2001). ''Crown and Nobility in Early Modern France''. European History in Perspective. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-333-71694-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 62.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Jones, Colin (2018). ''Versailles''. Basic Books. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-1-5416-7338-0&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 42.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Doyle, William, ed. (2001). ''Old Regime France''. Short Oxford History of France. Oxford University Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;0-19-873129-9&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 173.&lt;/ref&gt; Madankollu, it-trasferiment tal-qorti lejn Versailles ma seħħx qabel l-1682, u mhux uffiċjalment, għaliex l-opinjoni rigward Versailles kienet imħallta fost in-nobbiltà ta' Franza.&lt;ref&gt;Spaworth, Anthony (2008). ''Versailles: A Biography of a Palace''. Macmillan Publishers. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-3123-5785-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 14.&lt;/ref&gt;

Minkejja dan, sal-1687 kien evidenti għal kulħadd li Versailles ''de facto'' kienet il-belt kapitali ta' Franza&lt;ref&gt;Spaworth, Anthony (2008). ''Versailles: A Biography of a Palace''. Macmillan Publishers. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-3123-5785-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 15.&lt;/ref&gt;, u Lwiġi XIV rnexxielu jattira n-nobbiltà lejn Versailles għall-prestiġju u għall-patrunaġġ irjali fi ħdan etikett strett tal-qorti&lt;ref&gt;Blanning, T. C. W. (2002). ''The Culture of Power and the Power of Culture: Old Regime Europe 1660–1789''. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198227458.001.0001. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-1982-2745-8&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 31-34, 40.&lt;/ref&gt;, u b'hekk nawwar il-bażijiet provinċjali tradizzjonali tagħhom tal-poter.&lt;ref&gt;Swann, Julian. &quot;Politics: Louis XV&quot;. ''Old Regime France''. pp. 195–222. p. 143, 145.&lt;/ref&gt; Kien fil-Palazz ta' Versailles li Lwiġi XIV laqa' lid-''Doge'' ta' [[Genova: It-Toroq Ġodda u s-Sistema tal-Palazzi tal-Listi|Genova]] fl-1685&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://en.chateauversailles.fr/discover/history/key-dates/reception-doge-genoa-1685|titlu=Reception of the Doge of Genoa, 1685|data=2016-11-22|sit=Palace of Versailles|lingwa=en|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;, ambaxxata mir-Renju ta' [[Ayutthaya]], it-[[Tajlandja]] (dak iż-żmien is-Siam)&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://en.chateauversailles.fr/discover/history/key-dates/reception-ambassador-siam-1686|titlu=Reception of the Ambassador of Siam, 1686|data=2016-11-22|sit=Palace of Versailles|lingwa=en|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;, fl-1686, u ambaxxata mill-[[Iran]] tas-[[Safavidi]] fl-1715.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://en.chateauversailles.fr/discover/history/key-dates/reception-ambassadors-persia-1715|titlu=Reception of the Ambassadors of Persia, 1715|data=2016-11-22|sit=Palace of Versailles|lingwa=en|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Lwiġi XIV miet f'Versailles fl-1 ta' Settembru 1715 u s-suċċessur tiegħu kien il-proneputi tiegħu li kellu ħames snin, Lwiġi XV&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://en.chateauversailles.fr/discover/history/key-dates/death-louis-xiv-1715|titlu=Death of Louis XIV, 1715|data=2016-11-23|sit=Palace of Versailles|lingwa=en|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;, id-Duka ta' [[Anjou]]&lt;ref&gt;Jones, Colin (2018). ''Versailles''. Basic Books. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-1-5416-7338-0&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 57.&lt;/ref&gt;, li ġie ttrasferit lejn [[Vincennes]] u mbagħad lejn Pariġi mir-reġġent tiegħu, [[Filippu II]], id-Duka ta' [[Orléans]]. Il-Palazz ta' Versailles ġie ttraskurat sal-1722, meta Filippu II ttrasferixxa l-qorti lejn Versailles sabiex jaħrab min-nuqqas ta' popolarità tar-reġġenza tiegħu&lt;ref&gt;Spaworth, Anthony (2008). ''Versailles: A Biography of a Palace''. Macmillan Publishers. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-3123-5785-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 20.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Jones, Colin (2018). ''Versailles''. Basic Books. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-1-5416-7338-0&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 58.&lt;/ref&gt;, u meta Lwiġi XV kiber.&lt;ref&gt;Swann, Julian. &quot;Politics: Louis XV&quot;. ''Old Regime France''. pp. 195–222. p. 201.&lt;/ref&gt; Madankollu, it-trasferiment tal-1722, kisser il-poter kulturali ta' Versailles&lt;ref&gt;Doyle, William, ed. (2001). ''Old Regime France''. Short Oxford History of France. Oxford University Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;0-19-873129-9&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 91.&lt;/ref&gt;, u matul ir-renju ta' Lwiġi XVI, il-membri tal-qorti kienu jqattgħu l-ħin liberu tagħhom għad-divertiment f'Pariġi u mhux f'Versailles.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;
[[Stampa:L'Opéra-visite de la reine Victoria 1855.jpg|xellug|daqsminuri|291x291px|Bankett għar-Reġina Vitorja ospitata f'Awwissu 1855 minn [[Napuljun III]] fit-Teatru Rjali tal-Opri ta' Versailles, pittura ta' [[Eugene Lami]].]]
Fl-1783, il-Palazz ta' Versailles kien is-sit fejn ġew iffirmati l-aħħar tnejn mit-tliet Trattati tal-Paċi ta' Pariġi (1783), li temmew il-Gwerra Rivoluzzjonarja [[Stati Uniti|Amerikana]]. Fit-3 ta' Settembru, id-delegati Brittaniċi u Amerikani, immexxija minn [[Benjamin Franklin]], iffirmaw it-Trattat ta' Pariġi fl-Hôtel d'York (issa 56 Rue Jacob) f'Pariġi, li wassal għall-indipendenza tal-Istati Uniti. Fl-4 ta' Settembru, Spanja u Franza ffirmaw trattati separati mal-Ingilterra fil-Palazz ta' Versailles, li formalment temmew il-gwerra.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://www.constitutionfacts.com/us-declaration-of-independence/treaty-of-paris/|titlu=The Treaty of Paris|sit=www.constitutionfacts.com|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ir-Re u r-Reġina saru jafu bl-attakk ta' [[Bastilja]] f'Pariġi fl-14 ta' Lulju 1789, meta kienu fil-palazz, u baqgħu iżolati hemmhekk filwaqt li r-Rivoluzzjoni f'Pariġi nfirxet. Il-korla dejjem tiżdied f'Pariġi wasslet għall-Marċ tan-Nisa f'Versailles fil-5 ta' Ottubru 1789. Folla ta' diversi eluf ta' rġiel u nisa, li ħarġu jipprotestaw kontra l-prezz għoli u l-iskarsezza tal-ħobż, għamlu marċ mis-swieq ta' Pariġi sa Versailles. Magħhom ħadu l-armi mill-armerija tal-belt, assedjaw il-palazz, u obbligaw lir-Re u lill-familja rjali, flimkien mal-membri tal-Assemblea Nazzjonali, jirritornaw magħhom lejn Pariġi l-għada.&lt;ref&gt;Lacaille, Frédéric (2012). ''Versailles – 400 ans d'histoire''. Paris: Gallimard. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-2-07-044430-4&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 16-17.&lt;/ref&gt;

Malli l-familja rjali telqet, il-palazz ingħalaq. Fl-1792, il-Konvenzjoni Nazzjonali, il-gvern rivoluzzjonarju l-ġdid, ordna t-trasferiment tal-pitturi u tal-[[Skultura|iskulturi]] kollha mill-Palazz għal-[[Louvre]]. Fl-1793, il-Konvenzjoni ddikjarat l-abolizzjoni tal-monarkija u ordnat li l-proprjetà rjali kollha fil-palazz tinbigħ f'irkant. L-irkant seħħ bejn il-25 ta' Awwissu 1793 u l-11 ta' Awwissu 1794. L-arredamenti u l-arti tal-Palazz, inkluż l-għamara, il-mirja, il-banjijiet u t-tagħmir tal-kċejjen, inbigħu f'lottijiet ta' 17,000 oġġett. Il-ġilji u l-emblemi rjali kollha mal-binjiet tneħħew. Il-binjiet vojta ntużaw bħala maħżen għall-għamara, għall-arti u għal-libreriji kkonfiskati min-nobbiltà. L-appartamenti grandjużi vojta nfetħu għaż-żjarat mill-bidu tal-1793, u mużew żgħir ta' pitturi Franċiżi u skola tal-arti nfetħu f'uħud mill-kmamar vojta.&lt;ref&gt;Lacaille, Frédéric (2012). ''Versailles – 400 ans d'histoire''. Paris: Gallimard. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-2-07-044430-4&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 18.&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Seklu 19 – mużew tal-istorja u sit tal-gvern ===
[[Stampa:A v Werner - Kaiserproklamation am 18 Januar 1871 (3. Fassung 1885).jpg|daqsminuri|242x242px|''Proklamazzjoni tal-Imperu Ġermaniż, it-18 ta' Jannar 1871'', pittura tal-1877 ta' [[Anton von Werner]].]]
Meta Napuljun Bonaparte sar Imperatur tal-Franċiżi fl-1804, huwa kkunsidra li jagħmel il-Palazz ta' Versailles bħala r-residenza tiegħu iżda abbanduna l-idea minħabba kemm kienet se tiswa r-rinnovazzjoni. Qabel ma żżewweġ lil Marie-Louise fl-1810, huwa ordna li jiġi rrestawrat il-Grand Trianon u li jiġi mgħammar bħala residenza tas-sajf għalih u għall-familja tiegħu, bl-istil ta' għamara kif għadu sa llum il-ġurnata.&lt;ref&gt;Lacaille, Frédéric (2012). ''Versailles – 400 ans d'histoire''. Paris: Gallimard. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-2-07-044430-4&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 19.&lt;/ref&gt;

Fl-1815, bil-waqgħa finali ta' Napuljun, Lwiġi XVIII, ħu ż-żgħir ta' Lwiġi XVI, sar ir-Re, u kkunsidra li jirritorna r-residenza rjali f'Versailles, fejn kien twieled. Huwa ordna r-restawr tal-appartamenti rjali, iżda l-kompitu u l-ispejjeż kienu kbar wisq. Lwiġi XVIII ordna li s-sezzjoni l-iktar fin-Nofsinhar tal-''Cour Royale'' titwaqqa' u tiġi rikostruwita (1814-1824) sabiex tiġi pariġġ is-sezzjoni ta' Gabriel tal-1780 fin-naħa opposta, u dan wassal għal iktar uniformità fid-dehra tad-daħla ta' quddiem. La hu u lanqas is-suċċessur tiegħu [[Karlu X]] ma għexu f'Versailles.&lt;ref&gt;Spaworth, Anthony (2008). ''Versailles: A Biography of a Palace''. Macmillan Publishers. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-3123-5785-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 244.&lt;/ref&gt;

Ir-Rivoluzzjoni Franċiża tal-1830 wasslet monarka ġdid, Lwiġi-Filippu għall-poter, u ambizzjoni ġdida għal Versailles. Huwa ma rresjediex f'Versailles iżda beda l-ħolqien tal-Mużew tal-Istorja ta' Franza, iddedikat lill-&quot;glorji kollha ta' Franza&quot;, li kien intuża biex jiġu ospitati xi membri tal-familja rjali. Il-kostruzzjoni tal-mużew inbdiet fl-1833 u l-mużew ġie inawgurat fit-30 ta' Ġunju 1837. L-iżjed kamra famuża tiegħu hija l-Galerie des Batailles (Sala tal-Battalji), li tokkupa l-biċċa l-kbira tat-tul tat-tieni sular tas-sezzjoni tan-Nofsinhar tal-palazz.&lt;ref&gt;Hoog, Simone (1996). &quot;Versailles&quot;. In Turner, Jane (ed.). ''The Dictionary of Art''. Vol. 32. New York: Grove. pp. 369–374. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;9781884446009&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 369-374.&lt;/ref&gt; Il-proġett tal-mużew inġenerali waqaf ħesrem meta Lwiġi-Filippu tilef il-poter fl-1848, għalkemm il-pitturi tal-eroj Franċiżi u tal-battalji l-kbar għadhom fis-sezzjoni tan-Nofsinhar sa llum il-ġurnata.

L-Imperatur Napuljun III uża l-palazz xi kultant bħala post għal ċerimonji grandjużi. Waħda mill-iżjed lussużi kienet il-bankett li ospita għar-Reġina Vitorja fit-Teatru Rjali tal-Opri ta' Versailles fil-25 ta' Awwissu 1855.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://en.chateauversailles.fr/discover/history/key-dates/visit-queen-victoria-1855|titlu=Visit of Queen Victoria, 1855|data=2016-11-22|sit=Palace of Versailles|lingwa=en|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Matul il-Gwerra bejn Franza u l-[[Prussja]] tal-1870-1871, il-Palazz ta' Versailles ġie okkupat mill-persunal ġenerali tal-Armata [[Ġermanja|Ġermaniża]] rebbieħa. Partijiet mill-palazz, inkluż is-Sala tal-Mirja, ġew ikkonvertiti fi sptar militari. Il-ħolqien tal-Imperu Ġermaniż, li kkombina l-Prussja u l-istati Ġermaniżi tal-madwar taħt [[William I]], ġie pproklamat formalment fis-Sala tal-Mirja fit-18 ta' Jannar 1871. Il-Ġermaniżi baqgħu fil-Palazz ta' Versailles sal-iffirmar tal-armistizju f'Marzu 1871. F'dak ix-xahar, il-gvern tat-Tielet Repubblika Franċiża l-ġdida, li kien telaq minn Pariġi matul il-gwerra u mar f'[[Tours]] u mbagħad f'[[Bordeaux]], ittrasferixxa ruħu fil-Palazz ta' Versailles. L-Assemblea Nazzjonali organizzat il-laqgħat tagħha fit-Teatru tal-Opri.&lt;ref&gt;Lacaille, Frédéric (2012). ''Versailles – 400 ans d'histoire''. Paris: Gallimard. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-2-07-044430-4&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 12.&lt;/ref&gt;

Ir-rewwixta tal-Komun ta' Pariġi f'Marzu 1871, ipprevjena lill-gvern Franċiż, taħt [[Adolphe Thiers]], milli jirritorna minnufih lejn Pariġi. L-operazzjoni militari li ħonqot il-Komun fl-aħħar ta' Mejju tmexxiet minn Versailles, u l-priġunieri tal-Komun tressqu hemmhekk u għaddew ġuri fil-qrati militari. Fl-1875 inħoloq it-tieni korp parlamentari, is-Senat Franċiż, u dan għamel il-laqgħat tiegħu għall-elezzjoni tal-President tar-Repubblika f'sala ġdida maħluqa fl-1876 fis-sezzjoni tan-Nofsinhar tal-Palazz ta' Versailles. Is-Senat Franċiż għadu sa issa jiltaqa' fil-Palazz ta' Versailles f'okkażjonijiet speċjali, bħall-emendar tal-Kostituzzjoni Franċiża.&lt;ref&gt;Lacaille, Frédéric (2012). ''Versailles – 400 ans d'histoire''. Paris: Gallimard. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-2-07-044430-4&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 20.&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Seklu 20 ===
[[Stampa:William Orpen - The Signing of Peace in the Hall of Mirrors, Versailles.jpg|xellug|daqsminuri|''L-Iffirmar tal-Paċi fis-Sala tal-Mirja, Versailles, it-28 ta' Ġunju 1919,'' pittura ta' [[William Orpen]].]]
The end of the 19th and the early 20th century saw the beginning of restoration efforts at the Palace, first led by Pierre de Nolhac, poet and scholar and the first conservator, who began his work in 1892. The conservation and restoration were interrupted by two world wars but have continued until the present day.
The Palace returned to the world stage in June 1919, when, after six months of negotiations, the Treaty of Versailles, formally ending the First World War, was signed in the Hall of Mirrors. Between 1925 and 1928, the American philanthropist and multi-millionaire John D. Rockefeller gave $2,166,000, the equivalent of about thirty million dollars today, to restore and refurbish the palace.

More work took place after World War II, with the restoration of the Royal Opera of Versailles. The theater was reopened in 1957, in the presence of Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom.

In 1978, parts of the Palace were heavily damaged in a bombing committed by Breton terrorists.

Starting in the 1950s, when the museum of Versailles was under the directorship of Gérald van der Kemp, the objective was to restore the palace to its state – or as close to it as possible – in 1789 when the royal family left the palace. Among the early projects was the repair of the roof over the Hall of Mirrors; the publicity campaign brought international attention to the plight of post-war Versailles and garnered much foreign money including a grant from the Rockefeller Foundation.

One of the more costly endeavors for the museum and Franza's Fifth Republic has been to repurchase as much of the original furnishings as possible. Consequently, because furniture with a royal provenance – and especially furniture that was made for Versailles – is a highly sought-after commodity on the international market, the museum has spent considerable funds on retrieving much of the palace's original furnishings.

=== Seklu 21 ===
In 2003, a new restoration initiative – the &quot;Grand Versailles&quot; project – was started, which began with the replanting of the gardens, which had lost over 10,000 trees during Cyclone Lothar on 26 December 1999. One part of the initiative, the restoration of the Hall of Mirrors, was completed in 2006. Another major project was the further restoration of the backstage areas of the Royal Opera of Versailles in 2007 to 2009.

The Palazz ta' Versailles is currently owned by the French state. Its formal title is the Public Establishment of the Palace, Museum and National Estate of Versailles. Since 1995, it has been run as a Public Establishment, with an independent administration and management supervised by the French Ministry of Culture.

The grounds of the Palace will host the Equestrian competition during the 2024 Summer Olympics.

== Sit ta' Wirt Dinji ==
[[Stampa:Vue aérienne du domaine de Versailles par ToucanWings - Creative Commons By Sa 3.0 - 073.jpg|daqsminuri|239x239px|Veduta mill-ajru tal-palazz u l-park ta' Versailles.]]
Il-Palazz u l-Park ta' Versailles ġew iddeżinjati bħala Sit ta' Wirt Dinji tal-UNESCO fl-1979. Saret modifika minuri fiż-żona ta' lqugħ tas-sit fl-2007.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

Il-valur universali straordinarju tas-sit ġie rrikonoxxut abbażi ta' tliet kriterji tal-għażla tal-UNESCO: il-'''kriterju (i)''' &quot;Rappreżentazzjoni ta' kapulavur frott il-kreattività tal-bniedem&quot;; il-'''kriterju (ii)''' &quot;Wirja ta' skambju importanti ta' valuri umani, tul perjodu ta' żmien jew fi ħdan żona kulturali fid-dinja, dwar l-iżviluppi fl-arkitettura jew it-teknoloġija, l-arti monumentali, l-ippjanar tal-bliet jew id-disinn tal-pajsaġġ&quot;; u l-'''kriterju (vi)''' &quot;Assoċjazzjoni diretta jew tanġibbli ma' avvenimenti jew ma' tradizzjonijiet ħajjin, ma' ideat jew ma' twemmin, jew ma' xogħlijiet artistiċi jew letterarji ta' valur universali straordinarju&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== Arkitettura u pjanta ==
[[Stampa:Plans du rez-de-chaussée et du premier étage du palais de Versailles, Éditeur Gavard, premier étage - Gallica 2011 (detail, color-coded).jpg|xellug|daqsminuri|313x313px|Pjanta tas-sular prinċipali (għall-ħabta tal-1837, bit-Tramuntana lejn il-lemin), bis-Sala tal-Mirja bl-[[aħmar]], is-Sala tal-Battalji bl-[[aħdar]], il-Kappella Rjali bl-[[isfar]], u t-Teatru Rjali tal-Opri bil-[[blu]].]]
The Palazz ta' Versailles is a visual history of French architecture from the 1630s to the 1780s. Its earliest portion, the ''corps de logis'', was built for Lwiġi XIII in the style of his reign with brick, marble, and slate, which Le Vau surrounded in the 1660s with ''Enveloppe'', an edifice that was inspired by Renaissance-era Italian villas. When Mansart made further expansions to the palace in the 1680s, he used the ''Enveloppe'' as the model for his work. Neoclassical additions were made to the palace with the remodeling of the Ministers' Wings in the 1770s, by Ange-Jacques Gabriel, and after the Bourbon Restoration.

The palace was largely completed by the death of Lwiġi XIV in 1715. The eastern facing palace has a U-shaped layout, with the corps de logis and symmetrical advancing secondary wings terminating with the Dufour Pavilion on the south and the Gabriel Pavilion to the north, creating an expansive cour d'honneur known as the Royal Court (Cour Royale). Flanking the Royal Court are two enormous asymmetrical wings that result in a façade of 402 metres (1,319 ft) in length. Covered by around a million square feet (10 hectares) of roof, the palace has 2,143 windows, 1,252 chimneys, and 67 staircases.

The palace and its grounds have had a great influence on architecture and horticulture from the mid-17th century to the end of the 18th century. Examples of works influenced by Versailles include Christopher Wren's work at Hampton Court Palace, Berlin Palace, the Palace of La Granja, Stockholm Palace, Ludwigsburg Palace, Karlsruhe Palace, Rastatt Palace, Nymphenburg Palace, Schleissheim Palace, and Esterházy Palace.

== Appartamenti Rjali ==
The construction in 1668–1671 of Le Vau's ''enveloppe'' around the outside of Lwiġi XIII's red brick and white stone château added state apartments for the king and the queen. The addition was known at the time as the ''château neuf'' (new château). The ''grands appartements'' (Grand Apartments, also referred to as the State Apartments) include the ''grand appartement du roi'' and the ''grand appartement de la reine''. They occupied the main or principal floor of the ''château neuf'', with three rooms in each apartment facing the garden to the west and four facing the garden parterres to the north and south, respectively. The private apartments of the king (the ''appartement du roi'' and the ''petit appartement du roi'') and those of the queen (the ''petit appartement de la reine'') remained in the ''château vieux'' (old château). Le Vau's design for the state apartments closely followed Italian models of the day, including the placement of the apartments on the main floor (the ''piano nobile'', the next floor up from the ground level), a convention the architect borrowed from Italian palace design.

The king's State Apartment consisted of an enfilade of seven rooms, each dedicated to one of the known planets and their associated titular Roman deity. The queen's apartment formed a parallel enfilade with that of the ''grand appartement du roi''. After the addition of the Hall of Mirrors (1678–1684) the king's apartment was reduced to five rooms (until the reign of Lwiġi XV, when two more rooms were added) and the queen's to four.

The queen's apartments served as the residence of three queens of Franza – Marie-Thérèse d'Autriche, wife of Lwiġi XIV, Marie Leczinska, wife of Lwiġi XV, and Marie-Antoinette, wife of Lwiġi XVI. Additionally, Lwiġi XIV's granddaughter-in-law, Princess Marie-Adélaïde of Savoy, ''duchesse de Bourgogne'', wife of the Petit Dauphin, occupied these rooms from 1697 (the year of her marriage) to her death in 1712.

=== Taraġ tal-Ambaxxaturi ===
The Ambassadors' Staircase (''Escalier des Ambassadeurs'') was an imperial staircase built from 1674 to 1680 by d'Orbay. Until Lwiġi XV had it demolished in 1752 to create a courtyard for his private apartments, the staircase was the primary entrance into the Palazz ta' Versailles and the royal apartments especially. It was entered from the courtyard via a vestibule that, cramped and dark, contrasted greatly with the tall, open space of the staircase – famously lit naturally with a skylight – so as to overawe visitors.

The staircase and walls of the room that contained it were clad in polychrome marble and gilded bronze, with decor in the Ionic order. Le Brun and painted the walls and ceiling of the room according to a festive theme to celebrate Lwiġi XIV's victory in the Franco-Dutch War. On the wall immediately above the staircase were ''trompe-l'œil'' paintings of people from the Four Parts of the World looking into the staircase over a balustrade, a motif repeated on the ceiling fresco. There they were joined by allegorical figures for the twelve months of the year and various Classical Greek figures such as the Muses. A marble bust of Lwiġi XIV, sculpted by Jean Warin in 1665–66, was placed in a niche above the first landing of the staircase.

=== Appartamenti Statali tar-Re ===
The construction of the Hall of Mirrors between 1678 and 1686 coincided with a major alteration to the State Apartments. They were originally intended as his residence, but the King transformed them into galleries for his finest paintings, and venues for his many receptions for courtiers. During the season from All-Saints Day in November until Easter, these were usually held three times a week, from six to ten in the evening, with various entertainments.

==== Sala ta' Erkole ====
This was originally a chapel. It was rebuilt beginning in 1712 under the supervision of the First Architect of the King, Robert de Cotte, to showcase two paintings by Paolo Veronese, ''Eleazar and Rebecca'' and ''Meal at the House of Simon the Pharisee'', which was a gift to Lwiġi XIV from the Republic of Venice in 1664. The painting on the ceiling, ''The Apotheosis of Hercules'', by François Lemoyne, was completed in 1736, and gave the room its name.

==== Sala tal-Abbundanza ====
The Salon of Abundance was the antechamber to the Cabinet of Curios (now the Games Room), which displayed Lwiġi XIV's collection of precious jewels and rare objects. Some of the objects in the collection are depicted in René-Antoine Houasse's painting ''Abundance and Liberality'' (1683), located on the ceiling over the door opposite the windows.

==== Sala ta' Venere ====
This salon was used for serving light meals during evening receptions. The principal feature in this room is Jean Warin's life-size statue of Lwiġi XIV in the costume of a Roman emperor. On the ceiling in a gilded oval frame is another painting by Houasse, ''Venus subjugating the Gods and Powers'' (1672–1681). ''Trompe-l'œil'' paintings and sculpture around the ceiling illustrate mythological themes.

==== Sala ta' Merkurju ====
The Salon of Mercury was the original State Bedchamber when Lwiġi XIV officially moved the court and government to the Palace in 1682. The bed is a replica of the original commissioned by King Lwiġi-Philippe in the 19th century when he turned the Palace into a museum. The ceiling paintings by the Flemish artist Jean Baptiste de Champaigne depict the god Mercury in his chariot, drawn by a rooster, and Alexander the Great and Ptolemy surrounded by scholars and philosophers. The Automaton Clock was made for the King by the royal clockmaker Antoine Morand in 1706. When it chimes the hour, figures of Lwiġi XIV and Fame descend from a cloud.

==== Sala ta' Marte ====
The Salon of Mars was used by the royal guards until 1782, and was decorated on a military theme with helmets and trophies. It was turned into a concert room between 1684 and 1750, with galleries for musicians on either side. Portraits of Lwiġi XV and his Queen, Marie Leszczinska, by the Flemish artist Carle Van Loo decorate the room today.

==== Sala ta' Apollo ====
The Salon of Apollo was the royal throne room under Lwiġi XIV, and was the setting for formal audiences. The eight-foot-high silver throne was melted down in 1689 to help pay the costs of an expensive war, and was replaced by a more modest throne of gilded wood. The central painting on the ceiling, by Charles de la Fosse, depicts the Sun Chariot of Apollo, the King's favorite emblem, pulled by four horses and surrounded by the four seasons.

==== Sala ta' Diana ====
The Salon of Diana was used by Lwiġi XIV as a billiards room, and had galleries from which courtiers could watch him play. The decoration of the walls and ceiling depicts scenes from the life of the goddess Diana. The celebrated bust of Lwiġi XIV by Bernini made during the famous sculptor's visit to Franza in 1665 is on display here.

=== Appartamenti privati tar-Re u tar-Reġina ===

==== Appartamenti privati tar-Re ====
The apartments of the King were the heart of the château; they were in the same location as the rooms of Lwiġi XIII, the creator of the château, on the first floor (second floor US style). They were set aside for the personal use of Lwiġi XIV in 1683. He and his successors Lwiġi XV and Lwiġi XVI used these rooms for official functions, such as the ceremonial ''lever'' (&quot;waking up&quot;) and the ''coucher'' (&quot;going to bed&quot;) of the monarch, which was attended by a crowd of courtiers.

The King's apartment was accessed from the Hall of Mirrors from the ''Oeil de Boeuf'' antechamber or from the Guardroom and the ''Grand Couvert'', the ceremonial room where Lwiġi XIV often took his evening meals, seated alone at a table in front of the fireplace. His spoon, fork, and knife were brought to him in a golden box. The courtiers could watch as he dined.

The King's bedchamber had originally been a Drawing Room before Lwiġi XIV transformed it into his own bedroom in 1701. He died there on 1 September 1715. Both Lwiġi XV and Lwiġi XVI continued to use the bedroom for their official awakening and going to bed. On 6 October 1789, from the balcony of this room Lwiġi XVI and Marie-Antoinette, joined by the Marquis de Lafayette, looked down on the hostile crowd in the courtyard, shortly before the King was forced to return to Paris.

The bed of the King is placed beneath a carved relief by Nicolas Coustou entitled ''Franza watching over the sleeping King''. The decoration includes several paintings set into the paneling, including a self-portrait of Antony van Dyck.

==== Appartamenti privati tar-Reġina ====
The ''petit appartement de la reine'' is a suite of rooms that were reserved for the personal use of the queen. Originally arranged for the use of the Marie-Thérèse, consort of Lwiġi XIV, the rooms were later modified for use by Marie Leszczyńska and finally for Marie-Antoinette. The Queen's apartments and the King's Apartments were laid out on the same design, each suite having seven rooms. Both suites had ceilings painted with scenes from mythology; the King's ceilings featured male figures, the Queen's featured females.

== Sala tal-Mirja ==
[[Stampa:Chateau Versailles Galerie des Glaces.jpg|daqsminuri|273x273px|Is-Sala tal-Mirja.]]
The Hall of Mirrors is a long gallery at the westernmost part of the palace that looks out onto the gardens. The hall was built from 1678 to 1681 on the site of a terrace Le Vau built between the king and queen's suites. The hall is clad in marble and decorated in a modified version of the Corinthian order, with 578 mirrors facing 17 windows and reflecting the light provided by them. The ceiling fresco, painted by Le Brun over the next four years, embellishes the first 18 years of Lwiġi XIV's reign in 30 scenes, 17 of which are military victories over the Dutch. The fresco depicts Lwiġi XIV himself alongside Classical figures in the scenes celebrating moments in his reign such as the beginning of personal rule in 1661, breaking from earlier frescoes at Versailles that used allegories derived from Classical and mythological scenes.

The Salon of War and the Salon of Peace bookend the Hall of Mirrors on its northern and southern ends respectively. The Salon of War, constructed and decorated from 1678 to 1686, celebrates French victories in the Franco-Dutch War with marble panels, gilded bronze trophies of arms, and a stucco ''bas-relief'' of Lwiġi XIV on horsebask riding over his enemies. The Salon of Peace is decorated in the same fashion but according to its eponymous theme.

== Kappella rjali ==
The Royal Chapel of Versailles is located at the southern end of the north wing. The building stands 40-meter (130 ft) high, and measures 42 meters (138 ft) long and 24 meters (79 ft) wide. The chapel is rectangular with a semicircular apse, combining traditional, Gothic royal French church architecture with the French Baroque style of Versailles. The ceiling of the chapel is constituted by an unbroken vault, divided into three frescos by Antoine Coypel, Charles de La Fosse, and Jean Jouvenet. The palette of motifs beneath the frescoes glorify the deeds of Lwiġi IX, and include images of David, Constantine, Charlemagne, and Lwiġi IX, ''fleur de lis'', and Lwiġi XIV's monogram.

Lwiġi XIV commissioned the chapel, its sixth, from Mansart and Le Brun in 1683–84. It was the last building constructed at Versailles during Lwiġi XIV's reign. Construction was delayed until 1699, however, and it was not completed until 1710. The only major modification to the chapel since its completion was the removal of a lantern from its roof in 1765. A full restoration of the chapel began in late 2017 and lasted into early 2021.

== Teatru Rjali tal-Opri ==
The Royal Opera of Versailles was originally commissioned by Lwiġi XIV in 1682 and was to be built at the end of the North Wing with a design by Mansart and Vigarani. However, due to the expense of the King's continental wars, the project was put aside. The idea was revived by Lwiġi XV with a new design by Ange-Jacques Gabriel in 1748, but this was also temporarily put aside. The project was revived and rushed ahead for the planned celebration of the marriage of the Dauphin, the future Lwiġi XVI, and Marie-Antoinette. For economy and speed, the new opera was built almost entirely of wood, which also gave it very high quality acoustics. The wood was painted to resemble marble, and the ceiling was decorated with a painting of the Apollo, the god of the arts, preparing crowns for illustrious artists, by Lwiġi Jean-Jacques Durameau. The sculptor Augustin Pajou added statuary and reliefs to complete the decoration. The new Opera was inaugurated on 16 May 1770, as part of the celebration of the royal wedding.
In October 1789, early in the French Revolution, the last banquet for the royal guardsmen was hosted by the King in the opera, before he departed for Paris. Following the Franco-German War in 1871 and then the Paris Commune until 1875, the French National Assembly met in the opera, until the proclamation of the Third French Republic and the return of the government to Paris.

== Mużew tal-Istorja ta' Franza ==
Shortly after becoming King in 1830, Lwiġi Philippe I decided to transform the Palace into a museum devoted to &quot;All the Glories of Franza,&quot; with paintings and sculpture depicting famous French victories and heroes. Most of the apartments of the palace were entirely demolished (in the main building, practically all of the apartments were annihilated, with only the apartments of the king and queen remaining almost intact), and turned into a series of several large rooms and galleries: the Coronation Room (whose original volume was left untouched by Lwiġi-Philippe), which displays the celebrated painting of the coronation of Napoleon I by Jacques-Lwiġi David; the Hall of Battles; commemorating French victories with large-scale paintings; and the 1830 room, which celebrated Lwiġi-Philippe's own coming to power in the French Revolution of 1830. Some paintings were brought from the Louvre, including works depicting events in French history by Philippe de Champaigne, Pierre Mignard, Laurent de La Hyre, Charles Le Brun, Adam Frans van der Meulen, Nicolas de Largillière, Hyacinthe Rigaud, Jean-Antoine Houdon, Jean-Marc Nattier, Élisabeth Vigée Le Brun, Hubert Robert, Thomas Lawrence, Jacques-Lwiġi David, and Antoine-Jean Gros. Others were commissioned especially for the museum by prominent artists of the early 19th century, including Eugène Delacroix, who painted Saint Lwiġi at the French victory over the British in the Battle of Taillebourg in 1242. Other painters featured include Horace Vernet and François Gérard. A monumental painting by Vernet features Lwiġi Philippe himself, with his sons, posing in front of the gates of the Palace.
The overthrow of Lwiġi Philippe in 1848 put an end to his grand plans for the museum, but the Gallery of Battles is still as it was, and is passed through by many visitors to the royal apartments and grand salons. Another set of rooms on the first floor has been made into galleries on Lwiġi XIV and his court, displaying furniture, paintings, and sculptures. In recent years, eleven rooms on the ground floor between the Chapel and the Opera have been turned into a history of the palace, with audiovisual displays and models.

== Proprjetà ta' Versailles ==
The estate of Versailles consists of the palace, the subsidiary buildings around it, and its park and gardens. As of June 2021, the estate altogether covers an area of 800 hectares (8.0 km&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;; 2,000 acres), with the park and gardens laid out to the south, west, and north of the palace. The palace is approached from the east by the Avenue de Paris, measuring 17 miles (27 km) from Paris to a gate between the Grande and Petite Écuries. Beyond these stables is the Place d'Armes, where the Avenue de Paris meets the Avenue de Sceaux and Avenue de Saint-Cloud (see map), the three roads that formed the main arteries of the city of Versailles. Exactly where the three roads meet is a gate leading into the ''cour d'honneur'', hemmed in by the Ministers' Wings. Beyond is the Royal Gate and the main palace, which wraps around the Royal and finally Marble Courts.

The estate was established by Lwiġi XIII as a hunting retreat, with a park just to the west of his château. From 1661, Lwiġi XIV expanded the estate until, at its greatest extent, the estate was made up by the Grand Parc, a hunting ground of 15,000 hectares (150 km&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;; 37,000 acres), and the gardens, called the Petit Parc, which covered 1,700 hectares (17 km&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;; 4,200 acres). A 25-mile (40 km) long, 10-foot (3.0 m) high wall with 24 gateways enclosed the estate.

The landscape of the estate had to be created from the bog that surrounded Lwiġi XIII's château using landscape architecture usually employed in fortress building. The approach to the palace and the gardens were carefully laid out via the moving of earth and construction of terraces. The water from the marsh was marshalled into a series of lakes and ponds around Versailles, but these reservoirs were not sufficient for the palace, city, or gardens. Great lengths were taken to supply Versailles with water, such as the damming of the river Bièvre to create an inflow in the 1660s, the construction of an enormous pumping station at the river Seine near Marly-le-Roi in 1681, and an attempt to divert water from the river Eure with a canal in the later 1680s.

=== Ġonna ===
The gardens of Versailles, as they have existed since the reign of Lwiġi XIV, are the work of André Le Nôtre. Le Nôtre's gardens were preceded by a simple garden laid out in the 1630s by landscape architects Jacques Boyceau and Jacques de Nemours, which he rearranged along an east–west axis that, because of Lwiġi XIV's land purchases and the clearing of woodland, were expanded literally as far as could be seen. The resulting gardens were a collaboration between Le Nôtre, Le Brun, Colbert, and Lwiġi XIV, marked by rigid order, discipline, and open space, with axial paths, flowerbeds, hedges, and ponds and lakes as motifs. They became the epitome of the French formal garden style, and have been very influential and widely imitated or reproduced.

=== Strutturi sussidjarji ===
The first of the subsidiary structures of the Palazz ta' Versailles was the Versailles Menagerie, built by Le Vau between the years 1662 and 1664, at the southern end of the Grand Canal. The apartments, overlooking the pens, were renovated by Mansart from 1698 to 1700, but the Menagerie fell into disuse in 1712. After a long period of decay, it was demolished in 1801. The Versailles Orangery, just to the south of the palace, was first built by Le Vau in 1663, originally as part of the general moving of earth to create the Estate. It was also modified by Mansart, who, from 1681 to 1685, totally rebuilt it and doubled its size.

In late 1679, Lwiġi XIV commissioned Mansart to build the Château de Marly, a retreat at the edge of Versailles's estate, about 5 miles (8.0 km) from the palace. The château consisted of a primary residential building and twelve pavilions, in Palladian style placed in two rows on either side of the main building. Construction was completed in 1686, when Lwiġi XIV spent his first night there. The château was nationalized and sold in 1799, and subsequently demolished and replaced with industrial buildings. These were themselves demolished in 1805, and then in 1811 the estate was purchased by Napoleon. On 1 June 2009, the grounds of the Château de Marly were ceded to the Public Establishment of the Palace, Museum and National Estate of Versailles.

La Lanterne, is a hunting lodge named after the lantern that topped the nearby Menagerie that was built in 1787 by Philippe Lwiġi de Noailles, then the palace governor. It has since 1960 been a state residence.

==== Trianons ====
In 1668, Lwiġi XIV purchased and demolished the hamlet of Trianon, near the northern tip of the Grand Canal, and in its place, he commissioned Le Vau to construct a retreat from court, remembered as the Porcelain Trianon. Designed and built by Le Vau in 1670, it was the first example of ''Chinoiserie'' (faux Chinese) architecture in Europe, though it was largely designed in French style. The roof was clad not with porcelain but with delftware, and was thus prone to leaks, so in 1687 Lwiġi XIV ordered it demolished. Nevertheless, the Porcelain Trianon was itself influential and copycats were built across Europe.

To replace the Porcelain Trianon, Lwiġi XIV tasked Mansart with the construction in 1687 of the Grand Trianon, built from marble in three months. The Grand Trianon has a single story, except for its attached service wing, which was modified by Mansart in 1705–06. The east façade has a courtyard while the west faces the gardens of the Grand Trianon, and between them a peristyle. The interiors are mostly original, and housed Lwiġi XIV, the Madame de Maintenon, Marie Leszczynska, and Napoleon, who ordered restorations to the building. Under de Gaulle, the north wing of the Grand Trianon became a residence of the President of Franza.

The Petit Trianon, whose construction from 1762 to 1768 led to the advent of the names &quot;Grand&quot; and &quot;Petit Trianon&quot;, was constructed for Lwiġi XV and the Madame du Barry in the Neoclassical style by Gabriel. The building has a ''piano nobile'', basement, and attic, with five windows on each floor. On becoming king, Lwiġi XVI gave the Petit Trianon to Marie Antoinette, who remodeled it, relaid its gardens in the then-current English and Oriental styles, and formed her own court there.

Near the Trianons are the French Pavilion, built by Gabriel in 1750 between the two residences, and the Queen's Theater and Hamlet, built by architect Richard Mique in 1780 and from 1783 to 1785 respectively. These were both built at the behest of Marie Antoinette; the theater, hidden in the gardens, indulged her appreciation of opera and is absolutely original, and the hamlet to extend her gardens with rustic amenities.

== Funzjonijiet politiċi u ċerimonjali moderni ==
The palace still serves political functions. Heads of state are regaled in the Hall of Mirrors; the bicameral French Parliament—consisting of the Senate (''Sénat'') and the National Assembly (''Assemblée nationale'')—meet in joint session (a congress of the French Parliament) in Versailles to revise or otherwise amend the French Constitution, a tradition that came into effect with the promulgation of the 1875 Constitution. For example, the Parliament met in joint session at Versailles to pass constitutional amendments in June 1999 (for domestic applicability of International Criminal Court decisions and for gender equality in candidate lists), in January 2000 (ratifying the Treaty of Amsterdam), and in March 2003 (specifying the &quot;decentralized organization&quot; of the French Republic).

In 2009, President Nicolas Sarkozy addressed the global financial crisis before a congress in Versailles, the first time that this had been done since 1848, when Charles-Lwiġi Napoleon Bonaparte gave an address before the French Second Republic. Following the November 2015 Paris attacks, President François Hollande gave a speech before a rare joint session of parliament at the Palazz ta' Versailles. This was the third time since 1848 that a French president addressed a joint session of the French Parliament at Versailles. The president of the National Assembly has an official apartment at the Palazz ta' Versailles.

== Referenzi ==

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      <text bytes="45022" xml:space="preserve">[[Stampa:Versailles-Chateau-Jardins02.jpg|daqsminuri|274x274px|Il-Palazz ta' Versailles.]]
Il-'''Palazz ta' Versailles''' (pronunzja: /vɛərˈsaɪ, vɜːrˈsaɪ/ ''vair-SY, vur-SY'';&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://www.dictionary.com/browse/versailles|titlu=Definition of Versailles {{!}} Dictionary.com|sit=www.dictionary.com|lingwa=en|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt; bil-[[Lingwa Franċiża|Franċiż]]: ''Château de Versailles'' [ʃɑto d(ə) vɛʁsɑj]) huwa eks residenza rjali li nbena mir-Re [[Lwiġi XIV ta' Franza|Lwiġi XIV]] u li jinsab f'[[Versailles]], madwar 12-il mil (19-il kilometru) fil-Punent ta' [[Pariġi]], [[Franza]]. Is-sjieda tal-palazz hija tar-Repubblika Franċiża u mill-1995 ġie ġestit, taħt it-tmexxija tal-Ministeru Franċiż għall-[[Kultura]], mill-Istabbiliment Pubbliku tal-Palazz tal-[[Mużew]] u l-Proprjetà Nazzjonali ta' Versailles.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://en.chateauversailles.fr/public-establishment|titlu=The Public Establishment|data=2016-10-31|sit=Palace of Versailles|lingwa=en|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kull sena, bħala medja, 15,000,000 ruħ iżuru l-palazz, il-park jew il-ġonna ta' Versailles, għaldaqstant huwa wieħed mill-iżjed attrazzjonijiet turistiċi li jżuruh nies fid-[[Id-Dinja|dinja]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://us.france.fr/en/paris/article/palace-versailles-chateau-versailles|titlu=Palace of Versailles (Château de Versailles)|sit=us.france.fr|lingwa=en|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt; Minħabba l-[[pandemija tal-COVID-19]], l-għadd ta' viżitaturi li ħallsu l-biljett biex iżuru l-Palazz ta' Versailles naqas b'75 % minn tmien miljuni fl-2019 għal żewġ miljuni fl-2020. It-tnaqqis kien partikolarment qawwi fost il-viżitaturi barranin, li jirrappreżentaw tmenin fil-mija tal-viżitaturi li jħallsu l-biljett.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://chroniques.amisdeversailles.com/le-rapport-dactivite-2020-du-chateau-est-en-ligne/|titlu=Le rapport d'activité 2020 du château est en ligne|kunjom=benedicte|data=2021-07-24|lingwa=fr-FR|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Lwiġi XIII]] bena loġġa tal-kaċċa sempliċi fis-sit tal-Palazz ta' Versailles fl-1623 u ssostitwieh b'palazz żgħir fl-1631-1634. Lwiġi XIV kabbar il-palazz f'diversi fażijiet mill-1661 sal-1715. Kien residenza favorita taż-żewġ rejiet, u fl-1682, Lwiġi XIV ttrasferixxa s-sede tal-qorti u tal-gvern tiegħu lejn Versailles, u b'hekk il-palazz ''de facto'' sar il-[[belt kapitali]] ta' Franza u baqa' hekk anke taħt ir-Rejiet [[Lwiġi XV ta’ Franza|Lwiġi XV]] u [[Lwiġi XVI ta' Franza|Lwiġi XVI]], li primarjament għamlu alterazzjonijiet fuq ġewwa tal-palazz, iżda fl-1789 il-familja rjali u l-belt kapitali ta' Franza reġgħu lura lejn Pariġi. Għall-kumplament tar-[[Rivoluzzjoni Franċiża]], il-Palazz ta' Versailles ġie abbandunat għalkollox u żvujtat mill-kontenuti tiegħu, u l-popolazzjoni tal-belt u tal-inħawi naqset ferm.

[[Napuljun I ta' Franza|Napuljun Bonaparte]], wara li ħa lil Franza f'idejh, uża l-Palazz ta' Versailles bħala r-residenza tas-sajf tiegħu mill-1810 sal-1814, iżda ma rrestawrahx. Meta l-Monarkija Franċiża rrestawratu, xorta waħda baqgħet f'Pariġi, u qabel is-snin 30 tas-seklu 19 ma sarux tiswijiet kbar fil-palazz. Il-Mużew tal-[[Storja|Istorja]] ta' Franza ġie installat ġo fih minflok l-appartamenti tas-sezzjoni tan-Nofsinhar tal-palazz.

Il-palazz u l-park tniżżlu fil-lista tas-[[Sit ta' Wirt Dinji|Siti ta' Wirt Dinji]] tal-[[UNESCO]] fl-1979 għall-importanza tagħhom bħala ċentru tal-poter, tal-[[arti]] u tax-[[xjenza]] fi Franza matul is-[[Seklu 17|sekli 17]] u 18.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/83/|titlu=Palace and Park of Versailles|kunjom=Centre|isem=UNESCO World Heritage|sit=UNESCO World Heritage Centre|lingwa=en|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt; Il-Ministeru Franċiż għall-Kultura elenka l-palazz, il-ġonna u xi strutturi sussidjarji tiegħu fil-lista tiegħu ta' [[Monument|monumenti]] sinifikanti kulturalment.

== Storja ==
[[Stampa:Versailles on the 1652 map of Paris by Gomboust - Gallica 2012.jpg|daqsminuri|Inċiżjoni ta' [[Jacques Gomboust]] tal-Palazz ta' Versailles għall-ħabta tal-1652.]]
Fl-1623&lt;ref&gt;Spaworth, Anthony (2008). ''Versailles: A Biography of a Palace''. Macmillan Publishers. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-3123-5785-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 2.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Ayers, Andrew (2004). ''The Architecture of Paris: An Architectural Guide''. Edition Axel Menges. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;9783930698967&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 333.&lt;/ref&gt;, Lwiġi XIII, ir-Re ta' Franza, bena loġġa tal-kaċċa fuq għolja f'art tal-kaċċa li kienet għal qalbu, 12-il mil (19-il kilometru) fil-Punent ta' Pariġi, u 10 mili (16-il kilometru) mir-residenza primarja tiegħu, il-[[Palazz ta' Saint-Germain-en-Laye]].&lt;ref&gt;Spaworth, Anthony (2008). ''Versailles: A Biography of a Palace''. Macmillan Publishers. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-3123-5785-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 1-2.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Hoog, Simone (1996). &quot;Versailles&quot;. In Turner, Jane (ed.). ''The Dictionary of Art''. Vol. 32. New York: Grove. pp. 369–374. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;9781884446009&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 369.&lt;/ref&gt; Is-sit, qrib villaġġ imsejjaħ Versailles, kien art mistagħdra b'żoni bil-boskijiet li l-qorti ta' Lwiġi XIII ddeskriviet bħala post li ma jistħoqlux li jmur fih ir-re;&lt;ref&gt;Jones, Colin (2018). ''Versailles''. Basic Books. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-1-5416-7338-0&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 15.&lt;/ref&gt; wieħed mill-membri tal-qorti tiegħu, [[François de Bassompierre]], kiteb li l-loġġa &quot;ma tispirax il-vanità lanqas fl-iktar ġentlom sempliċi&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;Walton, Guy (1986). ''Louis XIV's Versailles''. University of Chicago Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-2268-7254-4&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 53.&lt;/ref&gt; Mill-1631 sal-1634, l-[[arkitett]] [[Philibert Le Roy]] issostitwixxa l-loġġa b'palazz għal Lwiġi XIII&lt;ref&gt;Jones, Colin (2018). ''Versailles''. Basic Books. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-1-5416-7338-0&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 15-16.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Berger, Robert W. (1994). ''A Royal Passion: Louis XIV as Patron of Architecture''. Cambridge University Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;0-521-44029-7&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 53.&lt;/ref&gt;, li pprojbixxa lir-reġina tiegħu, Anna tal-[[Awstrija]], milli torqod fih,&lt;ref&gt;Jones, Colin (2018). ''Versailles''. Basic Books. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-1-5416-7338-0&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 16.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Spaworth, Anthony (2008). ''Versailles: A Biography of a Palace''. Macmillan Publishers. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-3123-5785-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 3.&lt;/ref&gt; anke meta kien hemm tifqigħa ta' ġidri f'Saint-Germain-en-Laye fl-1641 li obbligat lil Lwiġi XIII jmur f'Versailles flimkien mal-eredi tiegħu li kellu tliet snin, u li mbagħad sar Lwiġi XIV.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://en.chateauversailles.fr/discover/history|titlu=History|data=2016-03-27|sit=Palace of Versailles|lingwa=en|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Meta Lwiġi XIII [[Mewt|miet]] fl-1643, Anna saret ir-reġġenti ta' Lwiġi XIV&lt;ref&gt;Bohanan, Donna (2001). ''Crown and Nobility in Early Modern France''. European History in Perspective. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-333-71694-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 58.&lt;/ref&gt;, u l-palazz ta' Lwiġi XIII ġie abbandunat għal deċennju sħiħ. Anna ttrasferiet il-qorti lura f'Pariġi&lt;ref&gt;Jones, Colin (2018). ''Versailles''. Basic Books. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-1-5416-7338-0&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 17.&lt;/ref&gt;, fejn hi u l-ministru ewlieni tagħha, il-[[Kardinal Mazarin]], komplew il-prattiki monetarji xejn popolari ta' Lwiġi XIII. Dan wassal għall-''Fronde'', sensiela ta' rewwixti kontra l-awtorità rjali mill-1648 sal-1653 u li b'mod parallel wasslet għal taqbida bejn Mazarin u l-prinċpijiet b'[[demm]] irjali, il-familja estiża ta' Lwiġi XIV, għal influwenza fuqu.&lt;ref&gt;Bohanan, Donna (2001). ''Crown and Nobility in Early Modern France''. European History in Perspective. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-333-71694-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 58, 60 u 66.&lt;/ref&gt; Wara l-Fronde, Lwiġi XIV kien iddeterminat li jirrenja waħdu.&lt;ref&gt;Spaworth, Anthony (2008). ''Versailles: A Biography of a Palace''. Macmillan Publishers. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-3123-5785-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 26.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Bohanan, Donna (2001). ''Crown and Nobility in Early Modern France''. European History in Perspective. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-333-71694-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 66.&lt;/ref&gt; Wara l-mewt ta' Mazarin fl-1661&lt;ref&gt;Berger, Robert W. (1994). ''A Royal Passion: Louis XIV as Patron of Architecture''. Cambridge University Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;0-521-44029-7&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 18.&lt;/ref&gt;, Lwiġi XIV rriforma l-gvern tiegħu biex jeskludi lil ommu u lill-prinċpijiet b'demm irjali, ittrasferixxa l-qorti lura lejn Saint-Germain-en-Laye&lt;ref&gt;Jones, Colin (2018). Versailles. Basic Books. &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 978-1-5416-7338-0&lt;/nowiki&gt;. p. 25.&lt;/ref&gt;, u ordna l-espansjoni tal-palazz ta' missieru għall-Palazz ta' Versailles kif inhu llum il-ġurnata.&lt;ref&gt;Hoog, Simone (1996). &quot;Versailles&quot;. In Turner, Jane (ed.). ''The Dictionary of Art''. Vol. 32. New York: Grove. pp. 369–374. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;9781884446009&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 369-370.&lt;/ref&gt;

Lwiġi XIV kien ikkaċċja f'Versailles fis-snin 50 tas-seklu 17, iżda ma kellux xi interess speċjali f'Versailles qabel l-1661.&lt;ref&gt;Spaworth, Anthony (2008). ''Versailles: A Biography of a Palace''. Macmillan Publishers. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-3123-5785-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 4-5.&lt;/ref&gt; Fis-17 ta' Awwissu 1661&lt;ref&gt;Bonney, Richard (2007). &quot;Vindication of the Fronde? The cost of Louis XIV's Versailles building programme&quot;. ''French History''. Oxford University Press. '''21''' (2): 205–22. p. 223.&lt;/ref&gt;, Lwiġi XIV kien mistieden f'festival lussuż ospitat minn [[Nicolas Fouquet]], is-Sovraintendent tal-Finanzi, fir-residenza tal-palazz tiegħu, il-[[Palazz ta' Vaux-le-Vicomte]].&lt;ref&gt;Blanning, T. C. W. (2002). ''The Culture of Power and the Power of Culture: Old Regime Europe 1660–1789''. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198227458.001.0001. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-1982-2745-8&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 33.&lt;/ref&gt; Lwiġi XIV baqa' impressjonat bil-palazz u l-ġonna tiegħu&lt;ref&gt;Jones, Colin (2018). ''Versailles''. Basic Books. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-1-5416-7338-0&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 19.&lt;/ref&gt;, li kienu xogħol [[Louis Le Vau]], l-arkitett tal-qorti mill-1654, [[André Le Nôtre]], il-[[ġardinar]] irjali mill-1657, u [[Charles Le Brun]], pittur għas-servizz irjali mill-1647.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://en.chateauversailles.fr/discover/history/great-characters/charles-brun|titlu=Charles Le Brun|data=2016-11-02|sit=Palace of Versailles|lingwa=en|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt; L-iskala u l-opulenza tal-Palazz ta' Vaux-le-Vicomte ispiraw is-sens estetiku ta' Lwiġi XIV, iżda wassluh ukoll biex f'Settembru ta' dik is-sena jitfa' lil Fouquet il-ħabs, għaliex kien bena wkoll fortizza fuq gżira u armata privata.&lt;ref&gt;Berger, Robert W. (1994). ''A Royal Passion: Louis XIV as Patron of Architecture''. Cambridge University Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;0-521-44029-7&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 18-19.&lt;/ref&gt; Lwiġi XIV kien ispirat ukoll minn Vaux-le-Vicomte&lt;ref&gt;Walton, Guy (1986). ''Louis XIV's Versailles''. University of Chicago Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-2268-7254-4&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 41.&lt;/ref&gt;, u qabbad l-awturi ta' dik l-opra biex jaħdmu fuq il-proġetti tiegħu.&lt;ref&gt;Blanning, T. C. W. (2002). ''The Culture of Power and the Power of Culture: Old Regime Europe 1660–1789''. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198227458.001.0001. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-1982-2745-8&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 40.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Walton, Guy (1986). ''Louis XIV's Versailles''. University of Chicago Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-2268-7254-4&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 42.&lt;/ref&gt; Lwiġi XIV ssostitwixxa lil Fouquet b'[[Jean-Baptiste Colbert]], li kien jappoġġa lil Mazarin u kien għadu ta' Fouquet, u qabbdu jġestixxi l-korp ta' [[Artiġjan|artiġjani]] tas-servizz irjali.&lt;ref&gt;Bonney, Richard (2007). &quot;Vindication of the Fronde? The cost of Louis XIV's Versailles building programme&quot;. ''French History''. Oxford University Press. '''21''' (2): 205–22. pp. 208-210.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Spaworth, Anthony (2008). ''Versailles: A Biography of a Palace''. Macmillan Publishers. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-3123-5785-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 5.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Blanning, T. C. W. (2002). ''The Culture of Power and the Power of Culture: Old Regime Europe 1660–1789''. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198227458.001.0001. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-1982-2745-8&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 36.&lt;/ref&gt; Colbert għamilha ta' intermedjarju bejnhom u Lwiġi XIV&lt;ref&gt;Berger, Robert W. (1994). ''A Royal Passion: Louis XIV as Patron of Architecture''. Cambridge University Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;0-521-44029-7&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 20.&lt;/ref&gt;, li ddirieġa u spezzjona personalment l-ippjanar u l-kostruzzjoni tal-Palazz ta' Versailles.&lt;ref&gt;Spaworth, Anthony (2008). ''Versailles: A Biography of a Palace''. Macmillan Publishers. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-3123-5785-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 9.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Walton, Guy (1986). ''Louis XIV's Versailles''. University of Chicago Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-2268-7254-4&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 35.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Berger, Robert W. (1994). ''A Royal Passion: Louis XIV as Patron of Architecture''. Cambridge University Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;0-521-44029-7&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 25.&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Kostruzzjoni ===
[[Stampa:Chateau de Versailles 1668 Pierre Patel.jpg|xellug|daqsminuri|Il-Palazz ta' Versailles fl-1668, [[pittura]] ta' [[Pierre Patel]].]]
Għall-ewwel ix-xogħol f'Versailles ikkonċentra fuq il-park u l-ġonna tal-palazz&lt;ref&gt;Walton, Guy (1986). ''Louis XIV's Versailles''. University of Chicago Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-2268-7254-4&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 55-63.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Spaworth, Anthony (2008). ''Versailles: A Biography of a Palace''. Macmillan Publishers. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-3123-5785-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 4.&lt;/ref&gt;, u fis-snin 60 tas-seklu 17, Le Vau żied biss żewġ sezzjonijiet distakkati tas-servizz u binja ta' riċeviment quddiem il-palazz.&lt;ref&gt;Ayers, Andrew (2004). ''The Architecture of Paris: An Architectural Guide''. Edition Axel Menges. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;9783930698967&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 334.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Berger, Robert W. (1994). ''A Royal Passion: Louis XIV as Patron of Architecture''. Cambridge University Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;0-521-44029-7&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 54.&lt;/ref&gt; Iżda fl-1668-1669&lt;ref&gt;Spaworth, Anthony (2008). ''Versailles: A Biography of a Palace''. Macmillan Publishers. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-3123-5785-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 6.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Walton, Guy (1986). ''Louis XIV's Versailles''. University of Chicago Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-2268-7254-4&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 67.&lt;/ref&gt;, bħala rispons għat-tkabbir tal-ġonna&lt;ref&gt;Walton, Guy (1986). ''Louis XIV's Versailles''. University of Chicago Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-2268-7254-4&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 62-63, 69.&lt;/ref&gt;, u r-rebħa kontra [[Spanja]] fil-Gwerra tad-Devoluzzjoni, Lwiġi XIV ddeċieda li l-Palazz ta' Versailles isir residenza rjali fuq skala kbira.&lt;ref&gt;Ayers, Andrew (2004). ''The Architecture of Paris: An Architectural Guide''. Edition Axel Menges. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;9783930698967&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 334.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Berger, Robert W. (1994). ''A Royal Passion: Louis XIV as Patron of Architecture''. Cambridge University Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;0-521-44029-7&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 61.&lt;/ref&gt; Għall-ewwel kien indeċiż bejn is-sostituzzjoni jew l-inkorporazzjoni tal-palazz ta' missieru, iżda għażel din tal-aħħar sa tmiem id-deċennju&lt;ref&gt;Berger, Robert W. (1994). ''A Royal Passion: Louis XIV as Patron of Architecture''. Cambridge University Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;0-521-44029-7&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 61, 64.&lt;/ref&gt;, u mill-1668 sal-1671&lt;ref&gt;Ayers, Andrew (2004). ''The Architecture of Paris: An Architectural Guide''. Edition Axel Menges. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;9783930698967&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 334-335.&lt;/ref&gt;, il-palazz ta' Lwiġi XIII ġie inkorporat fuq tliet naħat b'teknika mlaqqma l-''enveloppe''.&lt;ref&gt;Berger, Robert W. (1994). ''A Royal Passion: Louis XIV as Patron of Architecture''. Cambridge University Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;0-521-44029-7&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 64.&lt;/ref&gt; B'hekk, il-palazz ingħata faċċata ġdida [[Italja|Taljanizzata]] li tħares lejn il-ġonna, iżda l-faċċata tal-bitħa ġiet ippreservata.&lt;ref&gt;Hoog, Simone (1996). &quot;Versailles&quot;. In Turner, Jane (ed.). ''The Dictionary of Art''. Vol. 32. New York: Grove. pp. 369–374. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;9781884446009&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 370.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Spaworth, Anthony (2008). ''Versailles: A Biography of a Palace''. Macmillan Publishers. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-3123-5785-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 7.&lt;/ref&gt; Dan irriżulta f'taħlita ta' stili u ta' materjali li ssorprendew lil Lwiġi XIV u li Colbert iddeskriva bħala &quot;ħallata ballata&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;Jones, Colin (2018). ''Versailles''. Basic Books. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-1-5416-7338-0&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 24.&lt;/ref&gt; It-tentattivi ta' omoġenizzazzjoni taż-żewġ faċċati ma rnexxewx, u fl-1670 Le Vau miet&lt;ref&gt;Spaworth, Anthony (2008). ''Versailles: A Biography of a Palace''. Macmillan Publishers. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-3123-5785-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 7-8.&lt;/ref&gt;, u l-kariga tiegħu bħala l-Ewwel Arkitett tar-Re baqgħet battala għas-seba' snin ta' wara.&lt;ref&gt;Berger, Robert W. (1994). ''A Royal Passion: Louis XIV as Patron of Architecture''. Cambridge University Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;0-521-44029-7&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 22.&lt;/ref&gt;
[[Stampa:Chateau de Versailles 1675FXD.jpg|daqsminuri|258x258px|Il-faċċata ta' Le Vau li tagħti fuq il-ġonna għall-ħabta tal-1675.]]
Minflok Le Vau laħaq f'Versailles l-assistent tiegħu, l-arkitett [[François d'Orbay]].&lt;ref&gt;Berger, Robert W. (1985). ''Versailles: The Château of Louis XIV''. Penn State University Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;0-271-00412-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 22.&lt;/ref&gt; Ix-xogħol fuq il-palazz matul is-snin 70 tas-seklu 17 iffoka fuq ġewwa tal-palazz, peress li l-palazz minn barra kien kważi tlesta&lt;ref&gt;Walton, Guy (1986). ''Louis XIV's Versailles''. University of Chicago Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-2268-7254-4&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 91.&lt;/ref&gt;, għalkemm d'Orbay kabbar is-sezzjonijiet tas-servizz ta' Le Vau u kkollegahom mal-palazz, u bena żewġ paviljuni għall-impjegati tal-gvern fil-binja quddiem il-palazz.&lt;ref&gt;Jones, Colin (2018). ''Versailles''. Basic Books. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-1-5416-7338-0&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 22.&lt;/ref&gt; Fl-1670, d'Orbay tqabbad minn Lwiġi XIV biex jiddisinja belt, imsejħa Versailles, sabiex jipprovdi l-akkomodazzjoni u s-servizzi għall-gvern u għall-qorti ta' Lwiġi XIV li kulma jmur baqgħu jikbru.&lt;ref&gt;Walton, Guy (1986). ''Louis XIV's Versailles''. University of Chicago Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-2268-7254-4&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 38.&lt;/ref&gt; L-għoti tal-art lill-membri tal-qorti għall-kostruzzjoni ta' djar fil-kampanja li kienu qishom il-palazz beda fl-1671.&lt;ref&gt;Jones, Colin (2018). ''Versailles''. Basic Books. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-1-5416-7338-0&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 27-28.&lt;/ref&gt; Is-sena ta' wara faqqgħet il-Gwerra bejn Franza u n-[[Pajjiżi l-Baxxi|Netherlands]] u l-finanzjament għal Versailles intemm sal-1674&lt;ref&gt;Walton, Guy (1986). ''Louis XIV's Versailles''. University of Chicago Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-2268-7254-4&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 50-51.&lt;/ref&gt;, meta Lwiġi XIV ordna li jibda x-xogħol fuq it-Taraġ tal-Ambaxxaturi, taraġ grandjuż għar-riċeviment tal-mistednin, u waqqa' l-aħħar villaġġ ta' Versailles.&lt;ref&gt;Spaworth, Anthony (2008). ''Versailles: A Biography of a Palace''. Macmillan Publishers. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-3123-5785-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 9, 11.&lt;/ref&gt;
[[Stampa:General view of Versailles in circa 1682 by Adam Perelle.png|xellug|daqsminuri|274x274px|Il-Palazz ta' Versailles għall-ħabta tal-1682, inċiżjoni ta' [[Adam Perelle]].]]
Wara li ntemmet il-Gwerra bejn Franza u n-Netherlands bir-rebħa ta' Franza fl-1678, Lwiġi XIV ħatar bħala l-Ewwel Arkitett lil [[Jules Hardouin-Mansart]]&lt;ref&gt;Walton, Guy (1986). ''Louis XIV's Versailles''. University of Chicago Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-2268-7254-4&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 93.&lt;/ref&gt;, arkitett bl-esperjenza li kien igawdi l-fiduċja tiegħu&lt;ref&gt;Berger, Robert W. (1994). ''A Royal Passion: Louis XIV as Patron of Architecture''. Cambridge University Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;0-521-44029-7&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 86-87, 113.&lt;/ref&gt;, li bbenefika minn baġit ġdid u forza tax-xogħol kbira magħmula minn eks suldati.&lt;ref&gt;Spaworth, Anthony (2008). ''Versailles: A Biography of a Palace''. Macmillan Publishers. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-3123-5785-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 18.&lt;/ref&gt; Mansart beda x-xogħol tiegħu billi bejn l-1678 u l-1681 żied is-Sala tal-Mirja, wettaq rinnovazzjoni tal-faċċata tal-bitħa tal-palazz ta' Lwiġi XIII, u kabbar il-paviljuni ta' d'Orbay biex joħloq is-Sezzjonijiet tal-Ministri fl-1678-1679.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://en.chateauversailles.fr/discover/history/key-dates/versailles-capital-kingdom-1682|titlu=Versailles, “capital” of the kingdom, 1682|data=2016-11-22|sit=Palace of Versailles|lingwa=en|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt; Biswit il-palazz, Mansart bena żewġ stalel imsejħa l-Grande u l-Petite Écuries mill-1679 sal-1682,&lt;ref&gt;Berger, Robert W. (1994). ''A Royal Passion: Louis XIV as Patron of Architecture''. Cambridge University Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;0-521-44029-7&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 114.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://en.chateauversailles.fr/discover/estate/royal-stables|titlu=The Royal Stables|data=2016-10-17|sit=Palace of Versailles|lingwa=en|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt; kif ukoll il-Grand Commun, li kien jospita l-qaddejja u l-kċejjen ġenerali tal-palazz, mill-1682 sal-1684.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://en.chateauversailles.fr/discover/estate/palace/grand-commun|titlu=The Grand Commun|data=2019-08-02|sit=Palace of Versailles|lingwa=en|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mansart żied ukoll żewġ sezzjonijiet ġodda għalkollox bl-istil Taljanizzat ta' Le Vau sabiex jospitaw il-qorti&lt;ref&gt;Spaworth, Anthony (2008). ''Versailles: A Biography of a Palace''. Macmillan Publishers. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-3123-5785-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 10-11.&lt;/ref&gt;, l-ewwel fin-naħa tan-Nofsinhar tal-palazz mill-1679 sal-1681, u mbagħad fin-naħa tat-Tramuntana mill-1685 sal-1689.&lt;ref&gt;Jones, Colin (2018). ''Versailles''. Basic Books. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-1-5416-7338-0&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 43.&lt;/ref&gt;

Il-gwerra u l-finanzjament imnaqqas minħabba fiha wasslu biex il-kostruzzjoni ssir ferm iktar bil-mod f'Versailles għall-bqija tas-seklu 17. Il-Gwerra ta' Disa' Snin, li bdiet fl-1688, waqqfet ix-xogħol għalkollox sal-1698. Tliet snin wara, madankollu, bdiet il-Gwerra tas-Suċċessjoni Spanjola&lt;ref&gt;Walton, Guy (1986). ''Louis XIV's Versailles''. University of Chicago Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-2268-7254-4&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 51.&lt;/ref&gt; li swiet ferm iktar flus, u flimkien mal-ħsad batut fl-1693-1694 u fl-1709-1710&lt;ref&gt;Jones, Colin (2018). ''Versailles''. Basic Books. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-1-5416-7338-0&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 52.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Doyle, William, ed. (2001). ''Old Regime France''. Short Oxford History of France. Oxford University Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;0-19-873129-9&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 190.&lt;/ref&gt;, dawn wasslu biex Franza tidħol fi kriżi.&lt;ref&gt;Walton, Guy (1986). ''Louis XIV's Versailles''. University of Chicago Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-2268-7254-4&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 51-52.&lt;/ref&gt; B'hekk, Lwiġi XIV naqqas il-finanzjament u kkanċella wħud mix-xogħlijiet li Mansart kien ippjana għas-snin 80 tas-seklu 17, bħall-immudellar mill-ġdid tal-faċċata tal-bitħa bl-istil Taljanizzat. Lwiġi XIV u Mansart iffukaw fuq [[kappella]] permanenti għall-palazz&lt;ref&gt;Spaworth, Anthony (2008). ''Versailles: A Biography of a Palace''. Macmillan Publishers. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-3123-5785-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 17-19.&lt;/ref&gt;, u l-kostruzzjoni tagħha damet mill-1699 sal-1710.&lt;ref&gt;Jones, Colin (2018). ''Versailles''. Basic Books. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-1-5416-7338-0&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 53.&lt;/ref&gt;
[[Stampa:Nicolas Cochin Masked Ball 1745FXD.jpg|daqsminuri|276x276px|Ballu bil-maskri fis-Sala tal-Mirja (1745), pittura ta' [[Charles-Nicolas Cochin]].]]
Is-suċċessuri ta' Lwiġi XIV, Lwiġi XV u Lwiġi XVI, inġenerali ħallew il-Palazz ta' Versailles kif wirtuh u ffukaw fuq ġewwa tal-palazz. Il-modifiki ta' Lwiġi XV bdew fis-snin 30 tas-seklu 18, bit-tlestija tas-Sala ta' [[Erkole]], kamra tal-ballu fis-sezzjoni tat-Tramuntana, u t-tkabbir tal-appartament privat tar-re&lt;ref&gt;Jones, Colin (2018). ''Versailles''. Basic Books. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-1-5416-7338-0&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 59-60, 65.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Spaworth, Anthony (2008). ''Versailles: A Biography of a Palace''. Macmillan Publishers. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-3123-5785-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 20-21.&lt;/ref&gt;, li kien jeħtieġ it-tiġrif tat-Taraġ tal-Ambaxxaturi. Fl-1748, Lwiġi XV beda l-kostruzzjoni ta' teatru tal-palazz, it-Teatru Rjali tal-Opri ta' Versailles fl-iktar sezzjoni tat-Tramuntana tal-palazz&lt;ref&gt;Spaworth, Anthony (2008). ''Versailles: A Biography of a Palace''. Macmillan Publishers. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-3123-5785-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 21.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://en.chateauversailles.fr/discover/estate/palace/royal-opera|titlu=The Royal Opera|data=2016-03-27|sit=Palace of Versailles|lingwa=en|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;, iżda t-tlestija ġiet imdewma sal-1770;&lt;ref&gt;Jones, Colin (2018). ''Versailles''. Basic Books. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-1-5416-7338-0&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 61.&lt;/ref&gt; il-kostruzzjoni ġiet interrotta fis-snin 40 tas-seklu 18 minħabba l-Gwerra tas-Suċċessjoni [[Awstrija|Awstrijaka]] u mill-ġdid fl-1756 meta faqqgħet il-Gwerra ta' Seba' Snin. Dawn il-gwerer żvujtaw it-teżor irjali u minn hemm 'il quddiem il-kostruzzjoni ġiet iffinanzjata l-ikbar mis-[[Sinjura du Barry]], il-maħbuba favorita ta' Lwiġi XV. Fl-1771, Lwiġi XV ordna li s-Sezzjoni tal-Ministri tinbena mill-ġdid bi stil Neoklassiku minn [[Ange-Jacques Gabriel]], l-arkitett tal-qorti, peress li kienet waslet biex taqa'. Dak ix-xogħol twaqqaf ukoll minħabba diffikultajiet finanzjarji, u baqa' ma tlestiex meta miet Lwiġi XV fl-1774. Fl-1784, Lwiġi XVI għal żmien qasir ittrasferixxa l-familja rjali lejn il-[[Palazz ta' Saint-Cloud]] sakemm saru iktar rinnovazzjonijiet fil-Palazz ta' Versailles, iżda l-kostruzzjoni ma setgħetx tibda minħabba diffikultajiet finanzjarji u minħabba kriżi [[politika]].&lt;ref&gt;Spaworth, Anthony (2008). ''Versailles: A Biography of a Palace''. Macmillan Publishers. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-3123-5785-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 21-24.&lt;/ref&gt; Fl-1789, ir-Rivoluzzjoni Franċiża temmet il-perjodu tal-familja u tal-gvern irjali f'Versailles għal dejjem.&lt;ref&gt;Spaworth, Anthony (2008). ''Versailles: A Biography of a Palace''. Macmillan Publishers. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-3123-5785-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 24.&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Rwol fil-politika ===
[[Stampa:Réception du Grand Condé à Versailles (Jean-Léon Gérôme, 1878).png|daqsminuri|253x253px|''Ir-Riċeviment tal-Grand Condé f'Versailles'', pittura ta' Jean-Léon Gérôme.]]
Il-Palazz ta' Versailles kien ċentrali fil-politika ta' Lwiġi XIV, bħala espressjoni u konċentrazzjoni tal-arti u tal-kultura Franċiża, u għaċ-ċentralizzazzjoni tal-poter irjali.&lt;ref&gt;Blanning, T. C. W. (2002). ''The Culture of Power and the Power of Culture: Old Regime Europe 1660–1789''. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198227458.001.0001. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-1982-2745-8&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 33-40.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Bohanan, Donna (2001). ''Crown and Nobility in Early Modern France''. European History in Perspective. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-333-71694-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 61-64.&lt;/ref&gt; Lwiġi XIV użda l-Palazz ta' Versailles għall-ewwel darba biex jippromwovi lilu nnifsu permezz ta' sensiela ta' festivals billejl fil-ġonna tal-palazz fl-1664, fl-1668 u fl-1674, u dawn ġew imxerda mal-[[Ewropa]] kollha permezz ta' litografiji u inċiżjonijiet.&lt;ref&gt;Blanning, T. C. W. (2002). ''The Culture of Power and the Power of Culture: Old Regime Europe 1660–1789''. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198227458.001.0001. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-1982-2745-8&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 49. &lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Walton, Guy (1986). ''Louis XIV's Versailles''. University of Chicago Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-2268-7254-4&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 57, 59.&lt;/ref&gt; Saħansitra fl-1669, iżda speċjalement mill-1678&lt;ref&gt;Jones, Colin (2018). ''Versailles''. Basic Books. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-1-5416-7338-0&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 26.&lt;/ref&gt;, Lwiġi XIV għamel ħiltu biex Versailles issir is-sede tal-gvern tiegħu, u kabbar il-palazz sabiex jistabbilixxi l-qorti fih.&lt;ref&gt;Bohanan, Donna (2001). ''Crown and Nobility in Early Modern France''. European History in Perspective. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-333-71694-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 62.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Jones, Colin (2018). ''Versailles''. Basic Books. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-1-5416-7338-0&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 42.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Doyle, William, ed. (2001). ''Old Regime France''. Short Oxford History of France. Oxford University Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;0-19-873129-9&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 173.&lt;/ref&gt; Madankollu, it-trasferiment tal-qorti lejn Versailles ma seħħx qabel l-1682, u mhux uffiċjalment, għaliex l-opinjoni rigward Versailles kienet imħallta fost in-nobbiltà ta' Franza.&lt;ref&gt;Spaworth, Anthony (2008). ''Versailles: A Biography of a Palace''. Macmillan Publishers. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-3123-5785-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 14.&lt;/ref&gt;

Minkejja dan, sal-1687 kien evidenti għal kulħadd li Versailles ''de facto'' kienet il-belt kapitali ta' Franza&lt;ref&gt;Spaworth, Anthony (2008). ''Versailles: A Biography of a Palace''. Macmillan Publishers. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-3123-5785-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 15.&lt;/ref&gt;, u Lwiġi XIV rnexxielu jattira n-nobbiltà lejn Versailles għall-prestiġju u għall-patrunaġġ irjali fi ħdan etikett strett tal-qorti&lt;ref&gt;Blanning, T. C. W. (2002). ''The Culture of Power and the Power of Culture: Old Regime Europe 1660–1789''. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198227458.001.0001. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-1982-2745-8&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 31-34, 40.&lt;/ref&gt;, u b'hekk nawwar il-bażijiet provinċjali tradizzjonali tagħhom tal-poter.&lt;ref&gt;Swann, Julian. &quot;Politics: Louis XV&quot;. ''Old Regime France''. pp. 195–222. p. 143, 145.&lt;/ref&gt; Kien fil-Palazz ta' Versailles li Lwiġi XIV laqa' lid-''Doge'' ta' [[Genova: It-Toroq Ġodda u s-Sistema tal-Palazzi tal-Listi|Genova]] fl-1685&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://en.chateauversailles.fr/discover/history/key-dates/reception-doge-genoa-1685|titlu=Reception of the Doge of Genoa, 1685|data=2016-11-22|sit=Palace of Versailles|lingwa=en|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;, ambaxxata mir-Renju ta' [[Ayutthaya]], it-[[Tajlandja]] (dak iż-żmien is-Siam)&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://en.chateauversailles.fr/discover/history/key-dates/reception-ambassador-siam-1686|titlu=Reception of the Ambassador of Siam, 1686|data=2016-11-22|sit=Palace of Versailles|lingwa=en|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;, fl-1686, u ambaxxata mill-[[Iran]] tas-[[Safavidi]] fl-1715.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://en.chateauversailles.fr/discover/history/key-dates/reception-ambassadors-persia-1715|titlu=Reception of the Ambassadors of Persia, 1715|data=2016-11-22|sit=Palace of Versailles|lingwa=en|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Lwiġi XIV miet f'Versailles fl-1 ta' Settembru 1715 u s-suċċessur tiegħu kien il-proneputi tiegħu li kellu ħames snin, Lwiġi XV&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://en.chateauversailles.fr/discover/history/key-dates/death-louis-xiv-1715|titlu=Death of Louis XIV, 1715|data=2016-11-23|sit=Palace of Versailles|lingwa=en|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;, id-Duka ta' [[Anjou]]&lt;ref&gt;Jones, Colin (2018). ''Versailles''. Basic Books. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-1-5416-7338-0&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 57.&lt;/ref&gt;, li ġie ttrasferit lejn [[Vincennes]] u mbagħad lejn Pariġi mir-reġġent tiegħu, [[Filippu II]], id-Duka ta' [[Orléans]]. Il-Palazz ta' Versailles ġie ttraskurat sal-1722, meta Filippu II ttrasferixxa l-qorti lejn Versailles sabiex jaħrab min-nuqqas ta' popolarità tar-reġġenza tiegħu&lt;ref&gt;Spaworth, Anthony (2008). ''Versailles: A Biography of a Palace''. Macmillan Publishers. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-3123-5785-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 20.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Jones, Colin (2018). ''Versailles''. Basic Books. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-1-5416-7338-0&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 58.&lt;/ref&gt;, u meta Lwiġi XV kiber.&lt;ref&gt;Swann, Julian. &quot;Politics: Louis XV&quot;. ''Old Regime France''. pp. 195–222. p. 201.&lt;/ref&gt; Madankollu, it-trasferiment tal-1722, kisser il-poter kulturali ta' Versailles&lt;ref&gt;Doyle, William, ed. (2001). ''Old Regime France''. Short Oxford History of France. Oxford University Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;0-19-873129-9&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 91.&lt;/ref&gt;, u matul ir-renju ta' Lwiġi XVI, il-membri tal-qorti kienu jqattgħu l-ħin liberu tagħhom għad-divertiment f'Pariġi u mhux f'Versailles.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;
[[Stampa:L'Opéra-visite de la reine Victoria 1855.jpg|xellug|daqsminuri|291x291px|Bankett għar-Reġina Vitorja ospitata f'Awwissu 1855 minn [[Napuljun III]] fit-Teatru Rjali tal-Opri ta' Versailles, pittura ta' [[Eugene Lami]].]]
Fl-1783, il-Palazz ta' Versailles kien is-sit fejn ġew iffirmati l-aħħar tnejn mit-tliet Trattati tal-Paċi ta' Pariġi (1783), li temmew il-Gwerra Rivoluzzjonarja [[Stati Uniti|Amerikana]]. Fit-3 ta' Settembru, id-delegati Brittaniċi u Amerikani, immexxija minn [[Benjamin Franklin]], iffirmaw it-Trattat ta' Pariġi fl-Hôtel d'York (issa 56 Rue Jacob) f'Pariġi, li wassal għall-indipendenza tal-Istati Uniti. Fl-4 ta' Settembru, Spanja u Franza ffirmaw trattati separati mal-Ingilterra fil-Palazz ta' Versailles, li formalment temmew il-gwerra.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://www.constitutionfacts.com/us-declaration-of-independence/treaty-of-paris/|titlu=The Treaty of Paris|sit=www.constitutionfacts.com|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ir-Re u r-Reġina saru jafu bl-attakk ta' [[Bastilja]] f'Pariġi fl-14 ta' Lulju 1789, meta kienu fil-palazz, u baqgħu iżolati hemmhekk filwaqt li r-Rivoluzzjoni f'Pariġi nfirxet. Il-korla dejjem tiżdied f'Pariġi wasslet għall-Marċ tan-Nisa f'Versailles fil-5 ta' Ottubru 1789. Folla ta' diversi eluf ta' rġiel u nisa, li ħarġu jipprotestaw kontra l-prezz għoli u l-iskarsezza tal-ħobż, għamlu marċ mis-swieq ta' Pariġi sa Versailles. Magħhom ħadu l-armi mill-armerija tal-belt, assedjaw il-palazz, u obbligaw lir-Re u lill-familja rjali, flimkien mal-membri tal-Assemblea Nazzjonali, jirritornaw magħhom lejn Pariġi l-għada.&lt;ref&gt;Lacaille, Frédéric (2012). ''Versailles – 400 ans d'histoire''. Paris: Gallimard. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-2-07-044430-4&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 16-17.&lt;/ref&gt;

Malli l-familja rjali telqet, il-palazz ingħalaq. Fl-1792, il-Konvenzjoni Nazzjonali, il-gvern rivoluzzjonarju l-ġdid, ordna t-trasferiment tal-pitturi u tal-[[Skultura|iskulturi]] kollha mill-Palazz għal-[[Louvre]]. Fl-1793, il-Konvenzjoni ddikjarat l-abolizzjoni tal-monarkija u ordnat li l-proprjetà rjali kollha fil-palazz tinbigħ f'irkant. L-irkant seħħ bejn il-25 ta' Awwissu 1793 u l-11 ta' Awwissu 1794. L-arredamenti u l-arti tal-Palazz, inkluż l-għamara, il-mirja, il-banjijiet u t-tagħmir tal-kċejjen, inbigħu f'lottijiet ta' 17,000 oġġett. Il-ġilji u l-emblemi rjali kollha mal-binjiet tneħħew. Il-binjiet vojta ntużaw bħala maħżen għall-għamara, għall-arti u għal-libreriji kkonfiskati min-nobbiltà. L-appartamenti grandjużi vojta nfetħu għaż-żjarat mill-bidu tal-1793, u mużew żgħir ta' pitturi Franċiżi u skola tal-arti nfetħu f'uħud mill-kmamar vojta.&lt;ref&gt;Lacaille, Frédéric (2012). ''Versailles – 400 ans d'histoire''. Paris: Gallimard. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-2-07-044430-4&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 18.&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Seklu 19 – mużew tal-istorja u sit tal-gvern ===
[[Stampa:A v Werner - Kaiserproklamation am 18 Januar 1871 (3. Fassung 1885).jpg|daqsminuri|242x242px|''Proklamazzjoni tal-Imperu Ġermaniż, it-18 ta' Jannar 1871'', pittura tal-1877 ta' [[Anton von Werner]].]]
Meta Napuljun Bonaparte sar Imperatur tal-Franċiżi fl-1804, huwa kkunsidra li jagħmel il-Palazz ta' Versailles bħala r-residenza tiegħu iżda abbanduna l-idea minħabba kemm kienet se tiswa r-rinnovazzjoni. Qabel ma żżewweġ lil Marie-Louise fl-1810, huwa ordna li jiġi rrestawrat il-Grand Trianon u li jiġi mgħammar bħala residenza tas-sajf għalih u għall-familja tiegħu, bl-istil ta' għamara kif għadu sa llum il-ġurnata.&lt;ref&gt;Lacaille, Frédéric (2012). ''Versailles – 400 ans d'histoire''. Paris: Gallimard. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-2-07-044430-4&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 19.&lt;/ref&gt;

Fl-1815, bil-waqgħa finali ta' Napuljun, Lwiġi XVIII, ħu ż-żgħir ta' Lwiġi XVI, sar ir-Re, u kkunsidra li jirritorna r-residenza rjali f'Versailles, fejn kien twieled. Huwa ordna r-restawr tal-appartamenti rjali, iżda l-kompitu u l-ispejjeż kienu kbar wisq. Lwiġi XVIII ordna li s-sezzjoni l-iktar fin-Nofsinhar tal-''Cour Royale'' titwaqqa' u tiġi rikostruwita (1814-1824) sabiex tiġi pariġġ is-sezzjoni ta' Gabriel tal-1780 fin-naħa opposta, u dan wassal għal iktar uniformità fid-dehra tad-daħla ta' quddiem. La hu u lanqas is-suċċessur tiegħu [[Karlu X]] ma għexu f'Versailles.&lt;ref&gt;Spaworth, Anthony (2008). ''Versailles: A Biography of a Palace''. Macmillan Publishers. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-3123-5785-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 244.&lt;/ref&gt;

Ir-Rivoluzzjoni Franċiża tal-1830 wasslet monarka ġdid, Lwiġi-Filippu għall-poter, u ambizzjoni ġdida għal Versailles. Huwa ma rresjediex f'Versailles iżda beda l-ħolqien tal-Mużew tal-Istorja ta' Franza, iddedikat lill-&quot;glorji kollha ta' Franza&quot;, li kien intuża biex jiġu ospitati xi membri tal-familja rjali. Il-kostruzzjoni tal-mużew inbdiet fl-1833 u l-mużew ġie inawgurat fit-30 ta' Ġunju 1837. L-iżjed kamra famuża tiegħu hija l-Galerie des Batailles (Sala tal-Battalji), li tokkupa l-biċċa l-kbira tat-tul tat-tieni sular tas-sezzjoni tan-Nofsinhar tal-palazz.&lt;ref&gt;Hoog, Simone (1996). &quot;Versailles&quot;. In Turner, Jane (ed.). ''The Dictionary of Art''. Vol. 32. New York: Grove. pp. 369–374. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;9781884446009&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 369-374.&lt;/ref&gt; Il-proġett tal-mużew inġenerali waqaf ħesrem meta Lwiġi-Filippu tilef il-poter fl-1848, għalkemm il-pitturi tal-eroj Franċiżi u tal-battalji l-kbar għadhom fis-sezzjoni tan-Nofsinhar sa llum il-ġurnata.

L-Imperatur Napuljun III uża l-palazz xi kultant bħala post għal ċerimonji grandjużi. Waħda mill-iżjed lussużi kienet il-bankett li ospita għar-Reġina Vitorja fit-Teatru Rjali tal-Opri ta' Versailles fil-25 ta' Awwissu 1855.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://en.chateauversailles.fr/discover/history/key-dates/visit-queen-victoria-1855|titlu=Visit of Queen Victoria, 1855|data=2016-11-22|sit=Palace of Versailles|lingwa=en|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Matul il-Gwerra bejn Franza u l-[[Prussja]] tal-1870-1871, il-Palazz ta' Versailles ġie okkupat mill-persunal ġenerali tal-Armata [[Ġermanja|Ġermaniża]] rebbieħa. Partijiet mill-palazz, inkluż is-Sala tal-Mirja, ġew ikkonvertiti fi sptar militari. Il-ħolqien tal-Imperu Ġermaniż, li kkombina l-Prussja u l-istati Ġermaniżi tal-madwar taħt [[William I]], ġie pproklamat formalment fis-Sala tal-Mirja fit-18 ta' Jannar 1871. Il-Ġermaniżi baqgħu fil-Palazz ta' Versailles sal-iffirmar tal-armistizju f'Marzu 1871. F'dak ix-xahar, il-gvern tat-Tielet Repubblika Franċiża l-ġdida, li kien telaq minn Pariġi matul il-gwerra u mar f'[[Tours]] u mbagħad f'[[Bordeaux]], ittrasferixxa ruħu fil-Palazz ta' Versailles. L-Assemblea Nazzjonali organizzat il-laqgħat tagħha fit-Teatru tal-Opri.&lt;ref&gt;Lacaille, Frédéric (2012). ''Versailles – 400 ans d'histoire''. Paris: Gallimard. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-2-07-044430-4&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 12.&lt;/ref&gt;

Ir-rewwixta tal-Komun ta' Pariġi f'Marzu 1871, ipprevjena lill-gvern Franċiż, taħt [[Adolphe Thiers]], milli jirritorna minnufih lejn Pariġi. L-operazzjoni militari li ħonqot il-Komun fl-aħħar ta' Mejju tmexxiet minn Versailles, u l-priġunieri tal-Komun tressqu hemmhekk u għaddew ġuri fil-qrati militari. Fl-1875 inħoloq it-tieni korp parlamentari, is-Senat Franċiż, u dan għamel il-laqgħat tiegħu għall-elezzjoni tal-President tar-Repubblika f'sala ġdida maħluqa fl-1876 fis-sezzjoni tan-Nofsinhar tal-Palazz ta' Versailles. Is-Senat Franċiż għadu sa issa jiltaqa' fil-Palazz ta' Versailles f'okkażjonijiet speċjali, bħall-emendar tal-Kostituzzjoni Franċiża.&lt;ref&gt;Lacaille, Frédéric (2012). ''Versailles – 400 ans d'histoire''. Paris: Gallimard. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-2-07-044430-4&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 20.&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Seklu 20 ===
[[Stampa:William Orpen - The Signing of Peace in the Hall of Mirrors, Versailles.jpg|xellug|daqsminuri|''L-Iffirmar tal-Paċi fis-Sala tal-Mirja, Versailles, it-28 ta' Ġunju 1919,'' pittura ta' [[William Orpen]].]]
Fl-aħħar tas-seklu 19 u fil-bidu tas-seklu 20 bdew isiru l-ewwel sforzi ta' restawr fil-Palazz ta' Versailles, l-ewwel immexxija minn [[Pierre de Nolhac]], [[poeta]] u studjuż u l-ewwel konservatur, li beda x-xogħol tiegħu fl-1892. Il-konservazzjoni u r-restawr ġew interrotti minn żewġ gwerer dinjin iżda baqgħu għaddejjin sa llum il-ġurnata.&lt;ref&gt;Lacaille, Frédéric (2012). ''Versailles – 400 ans d'histoire''. Paris: Gallimard. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-2-07-044430-4&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 13.&lt;/ref&gt;

Il-Palazz ta' Versailles reġa' lura fix-xena dinjija f'Ġunju 1919, meta, wara sitt xhur ta' negozjati, it-Trattat ta' Versailles, li formalment temm [[l-Ewwel Gwerra Dinjija]], ġie ffirmat fis-Sala tal-Mirja. Bejn l-1925 u l-1928, il-filantropu Amerikan u l-multimiljunarju [[John D. Rockefeller]] ta $2,166,000, l-ekwivalenti ta' madwar tletin miljun dollaru llum, għar-restawr u għar-rinnovazzjoni tal-palazz.&lt;ref&gt;Iverson, Jeffrey, ''France Today'', id-19 ta' Lulju 2014.&lt;/ref&gt;

Iktar xogħol sar wara [[It-Tieni Gwerra Dinjija|t-Tieni Gwerra Dinjija]], permezz tar-restawr tat-Teatru Rjali tal-Opri ta' Versailles. It-teatru reġa' nfetaħ fl-1957, fil-preżenza tar-[[Eliżabetta II|Reġina Eliżabetta II]] tar-[[Renju Unit]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=http://www.versailles3d.com/en/over-the-centuries/xxe/1957.html|titlu=1957 - XXth century - Over the centuries - Versailles 3d|sit=www.versailles3d.com|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Fl-1978, partijiet mill-Palazz ta' Versailles ġarrbu ħsarat estensivi minħabba bomba mpoġġija minn terroristi Bretoni.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita aħbar|data=1978-06-26|titlu=VERSAILLES PALACE IS DAMAGED BY BOMB|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1978/06/26/archives/versailles-palace-is-damaged-by-bomb-heavy-explosion-wrecks-three.html|lingwa=en-US|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Mis-snin 50 tas-seklu 20, meta l-mużew ta' Versailles kien taħt it-tmexxija ta' [[Gérald van der Kemp]], l-objettiv kien li l-palazz jiġi rrestawrat għal kif kien fl-1789 – jew qrib kemm jista' jkun – meta l-familja rjali telqet mill-palazz. Fost il-proġetti bikrin kien hemm it-tiswija tas-saqaf tas-Sala tal-Mirja; il-kampanja ta' reklamar xeħtet l-attenzjoni internazzjonali fuq il-karba ta' Versailles wara l-gwerra u kisbet ħafna flus minn barra l-pajjiż, inkluż għotja finanzjarja mill-Fondazzjoni Rockefeller.

Wieħed mill-iżjed proġetti li swew flus lill-mużew u lill-Ħames Repubblika ta' Franza kien ix-xiri mill-ġdid tal-ikbar ammont possibbli ta' arredamenti oriġinali. B'konsegwenza ta' dan, peress li l-għamara rjali – u speċjalment l-għamara tal-Palazz ta' Versailles – jiswew ħafna flus minħabba d-domanda għaliha fis-suq internazzjonali, il-mużew nefaq fondi konsiderevoli biex jipprova jikseb kemm seta' mill-arredamenti oriġinali tal-palazz.&lt;ref&gt;Kemp, Gerard van der (1976). &quot;Remeubler Versailles&quot;. ''Revue du Louvre''. pp. 135-137.&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Seklu 21 ===
[[Stampa:Versailles Queen's Chamber.jpg|xellug|daqsminuri|251x251px|Il-Kamra tas-Sodda tar-Reġina.]]
In 2003, a new restoration initiative – the &quot;Grand Versailles&quot; project – was started, which began with the replanting of the gardens, which had lost over 10,000 trees during Cyclone Lothar on 26 December 1999. One part of the initiative, the restoration of the Hall of Mirrors, was completed in 2006. Another major project was the further restoration of the backstage areas of the Royal Opera of Versailles in 2007 to 2009.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080215140113/http://www.lexpress.fr/mag/arts/dossier/patrimoine/dossier.asp?ida=451314|titlu=Versailles en grande toilette - L'Express|data=2008-02-15|sit=web.archive.org|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Attwalment is-sjieda tal-Palazz ta' Versailles hija f'idejn l-Istat Franċiż. It-titlu formali tiegħu huwa l-Istabbiliment Pubbliku tal-Palazz, il-Mużew u l-Proprjetà Nazzjonali ta' Versailles. Mill-1995 ġie ġestit bħala Proprjetà Pubblika, b'amministrazzjoni u b'ġestjoni indipendenti ssorveljati mill-Ministeru Franċiż għall-Kultura.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://en.chateauversailles.fr/public-establishment|titlu=The Public Establishment|data=2016-10-31|sit=Palace of Versailles|lingwa=en|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;

L-artijiet tal-Palazz ta' Versailles se jospitaw il-kompetizzjoni [[Żiemel|ekwestri]] matul il-[[Logħob Olimpiku tas-sajf]] tal-2024.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://www.paris2024.org/en/venue/chateau-de-versailles/|titlu=Château de Versailles|sit=Paris 2024|lingwa=en|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Sit ta' Wirt Dinji ==
[[Stampa:Vue aérienne du domaine de Versailles par ToucanWings - Creative Commons By Sa 3.0 - 073.jpg|daqsminuri|239x239px|Veduta mill-ajru tal-palazz u l-park ta' Versailles.]]
Il-Palazz u l-Park ta' Versailles ġew iddeżinjati bħala Sit ta' Wirt Dinji tal-UNESCO fl-1979. Saret modifika minuri fiż-żona ta' lqugħ tas-sit fl-2007.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

Il-valur universali straordinarju tas-sit ġie rrikonoxxut abbażi ta' tliet kriterji tal-għażla tal-UNESCO: il-'''kriterju (i)''' &quot;Rappreżentazzjoni ta' kapulavur frott il-kreattività tal-bniedem&quot;; il-'''kriterju (ii)''' &quot;Wirja ta' skambju importanti ta' valuri umani, tul perjodu ta' żmien jew fi ħdan żona kulturali fid-dinja, dwar l-iżviluppi fl-arkitettura jew it-teknoloġija, l-arti monumentali, l-ippjanar tal-bliet jew id-disinn tal-pajsaġġ&quot;; u l-'''kriterju (vi)''' &quot;Assoċjazzjoni diretta jew tanġibbli ma' avvenimenti jew ma' tradizzjonijiet ħajjin, ma' ideat jew ma' twemmin, jew ma' xogħlijiet artistiċi jew letterarji ta' valur universali straordinarju&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== Referenzi ==

[[Kategorija:Siti ta' Wirt Dinji]]
[[Kategorija:Palazzi]]
[[Kategorija:Franza]]</text>
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      <text bytes="45049" xml:space="preserve">[[Stampa:Versailles-Chateau-Jardins02.jpg|daqsminuri|274x274px|Il-Palazz ta' Versailles.]]
Il-'''Palazz ta' Versailles''' (pronunzja: /vɛərˈsaɪ, vɜːrˈsaɪ/ ''vair-SY, vur-SY'';&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://www.dictionary.com/browse/versailles|titlu=Definition of Versailles {{!}} Dictionary.com|sit=www.dictionary.com|lingwa=en|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt; bil-[[Lingwa Franċiża|Franċiż]]: ''Château de Versailles'' [ʃɑto d(ə) vɛʁsɑj]) huwa eks residenza rjali li nbena mir-Re [[Lwiġi XIV ta' Franza|Lwiġi XIV]] u li jinsab f'[[Versailles]], madwar 12-il mil (19-il kilometru) fil-Punent ta' [[Pariġi]], [[Franza]]. Is-sjieda tal-palazz hija tar-Repubblika Franċiża u mill-1995 ġie ġestit, taħt it-tmexxija tal-Ministeru Franċiż għall-[[Kultura]], mill-Istabbiliment Pubbliku tal-Palazz tal-[[Mużew]] u l-Proprjetà Nazzjonali ta' Versailles.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://en.chateauversailles.fr/public-establishment|titlu=The Public Establishment|data=2016-10-31|sit=Palace of Versailles|lingwa=en|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kull sena, bħala medja, 15,000,000 ruħ iżuru l-palazz, il-park jew il-ġonna ta' Versailles, għaldaqstant huwa wieħed mill-iżjed attrazzjonijiet turistiċi li jżuruh nies fid-[[Id-Dinja|dinja]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://us.france.fr/en/paris/article/palace-versailles-chateau-versailles|titlu=Palace of Versailles (Château de Versailles)|sit=us.france.fr|lingwa=en|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt; Minħabba l-[[pandemija tal-COVID-19]], l-għadd ta' viżitaturi li ħallsu l-biljett biex iżuru l-Palazz ta' Versailles naqas b'75 % minn tmien miljuni fl-2019 għal żewġ miljuni fl-2020. It-tnaqqis kien partikolarment qawwi fost il-viżitaturi barranin, li jirrappreżentaw tmenin fil-mija tal-viżitaturi li jħallsu l-biljett.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://chroniques.amisdeversailles.com/le-rapport-dactivite-2020-du-chateau-est-en-ligne/|titlu=Le rapport d'activité 2020 du château est en ligne|kunjom=benedicte|data=2021-07-24|lingwa=fr-FR|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Lwiġi XIII]] bena loġġa tal-kaċċa sempliċi fis-sit tal-Palazz ta' Versailles fl-1623 u ssostitwieh b'palazz żgħir fl-1631-1634. Lwiġi XIV kabbar il-palazz f'diversi fażijiet mill-1661 sal-1715. Kien residenza favorita taż-żewġ rejiet, u fl-1682, Lwiġi XIV ttrasferixxa s-sede tal-qorti u tal-gvern tiegħu lejn Versailles, u b'hekk il-palazz ''de facto'' sar il-[[belt kapitali]] ta' Franza u baqa' hekk anke taħt ir-Rejiet [[Lwiġi XV ta’ Franza|Lwiġi XV]] u [[Lwiġi XVI ta' Franza|Lwiġi XVI]], li primarjament għamlu alterazzjonijiet fuq ġewwa tal-palazz, iżda fl-1789 il-familja rjali u l-belt kapitali ta' Franza reġgħu lura lejn Pariġi. Għall-kumplament tar-[[Rivoluzzjoni Franċiża]], il-Palazz ta' Versailles ġie abbandunat għalkollox u żvujtat mill-kontenuti tiegħu, u l-popolazzjoni tal-belt u tal-inħawi naqset ferm.

[[Napuljun I ta' Franza|Napuljun Bonaparte]], wara li ħa lil Franza f'idejh, uża l-Palazz ta' Versailles bħala r-residenza tas-sajf tiegħu mill-1810 sal-1814, iżda ma rrestawrahx. Meta l-Monarkija Franċiża rrestawratu, xorta waħda baqgħet f'Pariġi, u qabel is-snin 30 tas-seklu 19 ma sarux tiswijiet kbar fil-palazz. Il-Mużew tal-[[Storja|Istorja]] ta' Franza ġie installat ġo fih minflok l-appartamenti tas-sezzjoni tan-Nofsinhar tal-palazz.

Il-palazz u l-park tniżżlu fil-lista tas-[[Sit ta' Wirt Dinji|Siti ta' Wirt Dinji]] tal-[[UNESCO]] fl-1979 għall-importanza tagħhom bħala ċentru tal-poter, tal-[[arti]] u tax-[[xjenza]] fi Franza matul is-[[Seklu 17|sekli 17]] u 18.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/83/|titlu=Palace and Park of Versailles|kunjom=Centre|isem=UNESCO World Heritage|sit=UNESCO World Heritage Centre|lingwa=en|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt; Il-Ministeru Franċiż għall-Kultura elenka l-palazz, il-ġonna u xi strutturi sussidjarji tiegħu fil-lista tiegħu ta' [[Monument|monumenti]] sinifikanti kulturalment.

== Storja ==
[[Stampa:Versailles on the 1652 map of Paris by Gomboust - Gallica 2012.jpg|daqsminuri|Inċiżjoni ta' [[Jacques Gomboust]] tal-Palazz ta' Versailles għall-ħabta tal-1652.]]
Fl-1623&lt;ref&gt;Spaworth, Anthony (2008). ''Versailles: A Biography of a Palace''. Macmillan Publishers. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-3123-5785-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 2.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Ayers, Andrew (2004). ''The Architecture of Paris: An Architectural Guide''. Edition Axel Menges. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;9783930698967&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 333.&lt;/ref&gt;, Lwiġi XIII, ir-Re ta' Franza, bena loġġa tal-kaċċa fuq għolja f'art tal-kaċċa li kienet għal qalbu, 12-il mil (19-il kilometru) fil-Punent ta' Pariġi, u 10 mili (16-il kilometru) mir-residenza primarja tiegħu, il-[[Palazz ta' Saint-Germain-en-Laye]].&lt;ref&gt;Spaworth, Anthony (2008). ''Versailles: A Biography of a Palace''. Macmillan Publishers. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-3123-5785-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 1-2.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Hoog, Simone (1996). &quot;Versailles&quot;. In Turner, Jane (ed.). ''The Dictionary of Art''. Vol. 32. New York: Grove. pp. 369–374. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;9781884446009&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 369.&lt;/ref&gt; Is-sit, qrib villaġġ imsejjaħ Versailles, kien art mistagħdra b'żoni bil-boskijiet li l-qorti ta' Lwiġi XIII ddeskriviet bħala post li ma jistħoqlux li jmur fih ir-re;&lt;ref&gt;Jones, Colin (2018). ''Versailles''. Basic Books. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-1-5416-7338-0&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 15.&lt;/ref&gt; wieħed mill-membri tal-qorti tiegħu, [[François de Bassompierre]], kiteb li l-loġġa &quot;ma tispirax il-vanità lanqas fl-iktar ġentlom sempliċi&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;Walton, Guy (1986). ''Louis XIV's Versailles''. University of Chicago Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-2268-7254-4&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 53.&lt;/ref&gt; Mill-1631 sal-1634, l-[[arkitett]] [[Philibert Le Roy]] issostitwixxa l-loġġa b'palazz għal Lwiġi XIII&lt;ref&gt;Jones, Colin (2018). ''Versailles''. Basic Books. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-1-5416-7338-0&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 15-16.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Berger, Robert W. (1994). ''A Royal Passion: Louis XIV as Patron of Architecture''. Cambridge University Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;0-521-44029-7&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 53.&lt;/ref&gt;, li pprojbixxa lir-reġina tiegħu, Anna tal-[[Awstrija]], milli torqod fih,&lt;ref&gt;Jones, Colin (2018). ''Versailles''. Basic Books. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-1-5416-7338-0&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 16.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Spaworth, Anthony (2008). ''Versailles: A Biography of a Palace''. Macmillan Publishers. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-3123-5785-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 3.&lt;/ref&gt; anke meta kien hemm tifqigħa ta' ġidri f'Saint-Germain-en-Laye fl-1641 li obbligat lil Lwiġi XIII jmur f'Versailles flimkien mal-eredi tiegħu li kellu tliet snin, u li mbagħad sar Lwiġi XIV.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://en.chateauversailles.fr/discover/history|titlu=History|data=2016-03-27|sit=Palace of Versailles|lingwa=en|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Meta Lwiġi XIII [[Mewt|miet]] fl-1643, Anna saret ir-reġġenti ta' Lwiġi XIV&lt;ref&gt;Bohanan, Donna (2001). ''Crown and Nobility in Early Modern France''. European History in Perspective. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-333-71694-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 58.&lt;/ref&gt;, u l-palazz ta' Lwiġi XIII ġie abbandunat għal deċennju sħiħ. Anna ttrasferiet il-qorti lura f'Pariġi&lt;ref&gt;Jones, Colin (2018). ''Versailles''. Basic Books. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-1-5416-7338-0&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 17.&lt;/ref&gt;, fejn hi u l-ministru ewlieni tagħha, il-[[Kardinal Mazarin]], komplew il-prattiki monetarji xejn popolari ta' Lwiġi XIII. Dan wassal għall-''Fronde'', sensiela ta' rewwixti kontra l-awtorità rjali mill-1648 sal-1653 u li b'mod parallel wasslet għal taqbida bejn Mazarin u l-prinċpijiet b'[[demm]] irjali, il-familja estiża ta' Lwiġi XIV, għal influwenza fuqu.&lt;ref&gt;Bohanan, Donna (2001). ''Crown and Nobility in Early Modern France''. European History in Perspective. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-333-71694-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 58, 60 u 66.&lt;/ref&gt; Wara l-Fronde, Lwiġi XIV kien iddeterminat li jirrenja waħdu.&lt;ref&gt;Spaworth, Anthony (2008). ''Versailles: A Biography of a Palace''. Macmillan Publishers. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-3123-5785-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 26.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Bohanan, Donna (2001). ''Crown and Nobility in Early Modern France''. European History in Perspective. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-333-71694-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 66.&lt;/ref&gt; Wara l-mewt ta' Mazarin fl-1661&lt;ref&gt;Berger, Robert W. (1994). ''A Royal Passion: Louis XIV as Patron of Architecture''. Cambridge University Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;0-521-44029-7&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 18.&lt;/ref&gt;, Lwiġi XIV rriforma l-gvern tiegħu biex jeskludi lil ommu u lill-prinċpijiet b'demm irjali, ittrasferixxa l-qorti lura lejn Saint-Germain-en-Laye&lt;ref&gt;Jones, Colin (2018). Versailles. Basic Books. &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 978-1-5416-7338-0&lt;/nowiki&gt;. p. 25.&lt;/ref&gt;, u ordna l-espansjoni tal-palazz ta' missieru għall-Palazz ta' Versailles kif inhu llum il-ġurnata.&lt;ref&gt;Hoog, Simone (1996). &quot;Versailles&quot;. In Turner, Jane (ed.). ''The Dictionary of Art''. Vol. 32. New York: Grove. pp. 369–374. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;9781884446009&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 369-370.&lt;/ref&gt;

Lwiġi XIV kien ikkaċċja f'Versailles fis-snin 50 tas-seklu 17, iżda ma kellux xi interess speċjali f'Versailles qabel l-1661.&lt;ref&gt;Spaworth, Anthony (2008). ''Versailles: A Biography of a Palace''. Macmillan Publishers. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-3123-5785-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 4-5.&lt;/ref&gt; Fis-17 ta' Awwissu 1661&lt;ref&gt;Bonney, Richard (2007). &quot;Vindication of the Fronde? The cost of Louis XIV's Versailles building programme&quot;. ''French History''. Oxford University Press. '''21''' (2): 205–22. p. 223.&lt;/ref&gt;, Lwiġi XIV kien mistieden f'festival lussuż ospitat minn [[Nicolas Fouquet]], is-Sovraintendent tal-Finanzi, fir-residenza tal-palazz tiegħu, il-[[Palazz ta' Vaux-le-Vicomte]].&lt;ref&gt;Blanning, T. C. W. (2002). ''The Culture of Power and the Power of Culture: Old Regime Europe 1660–1789''. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198227458.001.0001. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-1982-2745-8&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 33.&lt;/ref&gt; Lwiġi XIV baqa' impressjonat bil-palazz u l-ġonna tiegħu&lt;ref&gt;Jones, Colin (2018). ''Versailles''. Basic Books. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-1-5416-7338-0&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 19.&lt;/ref&gt;, li kienu xogħol [[Louis Le Vau]], l-arkitett tal-qorti mill-1654, [[André Le Nôtre]], il-[[ġardinar]] irjali mill-1657, u [[Charles Le Brun]], pittur għas-servizz irjali mill-1647.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://en.chateauversailles.fr/discover/history/great-characters/charles-brun|titlu=Charles Le Brun|data=2016-11-02|sit=Palace of Versailles|lingwa=en|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt; L-iskala u l-opulenza tal-Palazz ta' Vaux-le-Vicomte ispiraw is-sens estetiku ta' Lwiġi XIV, iżda wassluh ukoll biex f'Settembru ta' dik is-sena jitfa' lil Fouquet il-ħabs, għaliex kien bena wkoll fortizza fuq gżira u armata privata.&lt;ref&gt;Berger, Robert W. (1994). ''A Royal Passion: Louis XIV as Patron of Architecture''. Cambridge University Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;0-521-44029-7&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 18-19.&lt;/ref&gt; Lwiġi XIV kien ispirat ukoll minn Vaux-le-Vicomte&lt;ref&gt;Walton, Guy (1986). ''Louis XIV's Versailles''. University of Chicago Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-2268-7254-4&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 41.&lt;/ref&gt;, u qabbad l-awturi ta' dik l-opra biex jaħdmu fuq il-proġetti tiegħu.&lt;ref&gt;Blanning, T. C. W. (2002). ''The Culture of Power and the Power of Culture: Old Regime Europe 1660–1789''. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198227458.001.0001. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-1982-2745-8&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 40.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Walton, Guy (1986). ''Louis XIV's Versailles''. University of Chicago Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-2268-7254-4&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 42.&lt;/ref&gt; Lwiġi XIV ssostitwixxa lil Fouquet b'[[Jean-Baptiste Colbert]], li kien jappoġġa lil Mazarin u kien għadu ta' Fouquet, u qabbdu jġestixxi l-korp ta' [[Artiġjan|artiġjani]] tas-servizz irjali.&lt;ref&gt;Bonney, Richard (2007). &quot;Vindication of the Fronde? The cost of Louis XIV's Versailles building programme&quot;. ''French History''. Oxford University Press. '''21''' (2): 205–22. pp. 208-210.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Spaworth, Anthony (2008). ''Versailles: A Biography of a Palace''. Macmillan Publishers. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-3123-5785-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 5.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Blanning, T. C. W. (2002). ''The Culture of Power and the Power of Culture: Old Regime Europe 1660–1789''. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198227458.001.0001. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-1982-2745-8&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 36.&lt;/ref&gt; Colbert għamilha ta' intermedjarju bejnhom u Lwiġi XIV&lt;ref&gt;Berger, Robert W. (1994). ''A Royal Passion: Louis XIV as Patron of Architecture''. Cambridge University Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;0-521-44029-7&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 20.&lt;/ref&gt;, li ddirieġa u spezzjona personalment l-ippjanar u l-kostruzzjoni tal-Palazz ta' Versailles.&lt;ref&gt;Spaworth, Anthony (2008). ''Versailles: A Biography of a Palace''. Macmillan Publishers. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-3123-5785-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 9.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Walton, Guy (1986). ''Louis XIV's Versailles''. University of Chicago Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-2268-7254-4&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 35.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Berger, Robert W. (1994). ''A Royal Passion: Louis XIV as Patron of Architecture''. Cambridge University Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;0-521-44029-7&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 25.&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Kostruzzjoni ===
[[Stampa:Chateau de Versailles 1668 Pierre Patel.jpg|xellug|daqsminuri|Il-Palazz ta' Versailles fl-1668, [[pittura]] ta' [[Pierre Patel]].]]
Għall-ewwel ix-xogħol f'Versailles ikkonċentra fuq il-park u l-ġonna tal-palazz&lt;ref&gt;Walton, Guy (1986). ''Louis XIV's Versailles''. University of Chicago Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-2268-7254-4&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 55-63.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Spaworth, Anthony (2008). ''Versailles: A Biography of a Palace''. Macmillan Publishers. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-3123-5785-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 4.&lt;/ref&gt;, u fis-snin 60 tas-seklu 17, Le Vau żied biss żewġ sezzjonijiet distakkati tas-servizz u binja ta' riċeviment quddiem il-palazz.&lt;ref&gt;Ayers, Andrew (2004). ''The Architecture of Paris: An Architectural Guide''. Edition Axel Menges. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;9783930698967&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 334.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Berger, Robert W. (1994). ''A Royal Passion: Louis XIV as Patron of Architecture''. Cambridge University Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;0-521-44029-7&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 54.&lt;/ref&gt; Iżda fl-1668-1669&lt;ref&gt;Spaworth, Anthony (2008). ''Versailles: A Biography of a Palace''. Macmillan Publishers. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-3123-5785-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 6.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Walton, Guy (1986). ''Louis XIV's Versailles''. University of Chicago Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-2268-7254-4&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 67.&lt;/ref&gt;, bħala rispons għat-tkabbir tal-ġonna&lt;ref&gt;Walton, Guy (1986). ''Louis XIV's Versailles''. University of Chicago Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-2268-7254-4&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 62-63, 69.&lt;/ref&gt;, u r-rebħa kontra [[Spanja]] fil-Gwerra tad-Devoluzzjoni, Lwiġi XIV ddeċieda li l-Palazz ta' Versailles isir residenza rjali fuq skala kbira.&lt;ref&gt;Ayers, Andrew (2004). ''The Architecture of Paris: An Architectural Guide''. Edition Axel Menges. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;9783930698967&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 334.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Berger, Robert W. (1994). ''A Royal Passion: Louis XIV as Patron of Architecture''. Cambridge University Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;0-521-44029-7&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 61.&lt;/ref&gt; Għall-ewwel kien indeċiż bejn is-sostituzzjoni jew l-inkorporazzjoni tal-palazz ta' missieru, iżda għażel din tal-aħħar sa tmiem id-deċennju&lt;ref&gt;Berger, Robert W. (1994). ''A Royal Passion: Louis XIV as Patron of Architecture''. Cambridge University Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;0-521-44029-7&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 61, 64.&lt;/ref&gt;, u mill-1668 sal-1671&lt;ref&gt;Ayers, Andrew (2004). ''The Architecture of Paris: An Architectural Guide''. Edition Axel Menges. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;9783930698967&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 334-335.&lt;/ref&gt;, il-palazz ta' Lwiġi XIII ġie inkorporat fuq tliet naħat b'teknika mlaqqma l-''enveloppe''.&lt;ref&gt;Berger, Robert W. (1994). ''A Royal Passion: Louis XIV as Patron of Architecture''. Cambridge University Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;0-521-44029-7&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 64.&lt;/ref&gt; B'hekk, il-palazz ingħata faċċata ġdida [[Italja|Taljanizzata]] li tħares lejn il-ġonna, iżda l-faċċata tal-bitħa ġiet ippreservata.&lt;ref&gt;Hoog, Simone (1996). &quot;Versailles&quot;. In Turner, Jane (ed.). ''The Dictionary of Art''. Vol. 32. New York: Grove. pp. 369–374. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;9781884446009&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 370.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Spaworth, Anthony (2008). ''Versailles: A Biography of a Palace''. Macmillan Publishers. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-3123-5785-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 7.&lt;/ref&gt; Dan irriżulta f'taħlita ta' stili u ta' materjali li ssorprendew lil Lwiġi XIV u li Colbert iddeskriva bħala &quot;ħallata ballata&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;Jones, Colin (2018). ''Versailles''. Basic Books. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-1-5416-7338-0&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 24.&lt;/ref&gt; It-tentattivi ta' omoġenizzazzjoni taż-żewġ faċċati ma rnexxewx, u fl-1670 Le Vau miet&lt;ref&gt;Spaworth, Anthony (2008). ''Versailles: A Biography of a Palace''. Macmillan Publishers. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-3123-5785-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 7-8.&lt;/ref&gt;, u l-kariga tiegħu bħala l-Ewwel Arkitett tar-Re baqgħet battala għas-seba' snin ta' wara.&lt;ref&gt;Berger, Robert W. (1994). ''A Royal Passion: Louis XIV as Patron of Architecture''. Cambridge University Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;0-521-44029-7&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 22.&lt;/ref&gt;
[[Stampa:Chateau de Versailles 1675FXD.jpg|daqsminuri|258x258px|Il-faċċata ta' Le Vau li tagħti fuq il-ġonna għall-ħabta tal-1675.]]
Minflok Le Vau laħaq f'Versailles l-assistent tiegħu, l-arkitett [[François d'Orbay]].&lt;ref&gt;Berger, Robert W. (1985). ''Versailles: The Château of Louis XIV''. Penn State University Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;0-271-00412-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 22.&lt;/ref&gt; Ix-xogħol fuq il-palazz matul is-snin 70 tas-seklu 17 iffoka fuq ġewwa tal-palazz, peress li l-palazz minn barra kien kważi tlesta&lt;ref&gt;Walton, Guy (1986). ''Louis XIV's Versailles''. University of Chicago Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-2268-7254-4&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 91.&lt;/ref&gt;, għalkemm d'Orbay kabbar is-sezzjonijiet tas-servizz ta' Le Vau u kkollegahom mal-palazz, u bena żewġ paviljuni għall-impjegati tal-gvern fil-binja quddiem il-palazz.&lt;ref&gt;Jones, Colin (2018). ''Versailles''. Basic Books. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-1-5416-7338-0&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 22.&lt;/ref&gt; Fl-1670, d'Orbay tqabbad minn Lwiġi XIV biex jiddisinja belt, imsejħa Versailles, sabiex jipprovdi l-akkomodazzjoni u s-servizzi għall-gvern u għall-qorti ta' Lwiġi XIV li kulma jmur baqgħu jikbru.&lt;ref&gt;Walton, Guy (1986). ''Louis XIV's Versailles''. University of Chicago Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-2268-7254-4&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 38.&lt;/ref&gt; L-għoti tal-art lill-membri tal-qorti għall-kostruzzjoni ta' djar fil-kampanja li kienu qishom il-palazz beda fl-1671.&lt;ref&gt;Jones, Colin (2018). ''Versailles''. Basic Books. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-1-5416-7338-0&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 27-28.&lt;/ref&gt; Is-sena ta' wara faqqgħet il-Gwerra bejn Franza u n-[[Pajjiżi l-Baxxi|Netherlands]] u l-finanzjament għal Versailles intemm sal-1674&lt;ref&gt;Walton, Guy (1986). ''Louis XIV's Versailles''. University of Chicago Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-2268-7254-4&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 50-51.&lt;/ref&gt;, meta Lwiġi XIV ordna li jibda x-xogħol fuq it-Taraġ tal-Ambaxxaturi, taraġ grandjuż għar-riċeviment tal-mistednin, u waqqa' l-aħħar villaġġ ta' Versailles.&lt;ref&gt;Spaworth, Anthony (2008). ''Versailles: A Biography of a Palace''. Macmillan Publishers. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-3123-5785-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 9, 11.&lt;/ref&gt;
[[Stampa:General view of Versailles in circa 1682 by Adam Perelle.png|xellug|daqsminuri|274x274px|Il-Palazz ta' Versailles għall-ħabta tal-1682, inċiżjoni ta' [[Adam Perelle]].]]
Wara li ntemmet il-Gwerra bejn Franza u n-Netherlands bir-rebħa ta' Franza fl-1678, Lwiġi XIV ħatar bħala l-Ewwel Arkitett lil [[Jules Hardouin-Mansart]]&lt;ref&gt;Walton, Guy (1986). ''Louis XIV's Versailles''. University of Chicago Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-2268-7254-4&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 93.&lt;/ref&gt;, arkitett bl-esperjenza li kien igawdi l-fiduċja tiegħu&lt;ref&gt;Berger, Robert W. (1994). ''A Royal Passion: Louis XIV as Patron of Architecture''. Cambridge University Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;0-521-44029-7&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 86-87, 113.&lt;/ref&gt;, li bbenefika minn baġit ġdid u forza tax-xogħol kbira magħmula minn eks suldati.&lt;ref&gt;Spaworth, Anthony (2008). ''Versailles: A Biography of a Palace''. Macmillan Publishers. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-3123-5785-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 18.&lt;/ref&gt; Mansart beda x-xogħol tiegħu billi bejn l-1678 u l-1681 żied is-Sala tal-Mirja, wettaq rinnovazzjoni tal-faċċata tal-bitħa tal-palazz ta' Lwiġi XIII, u kabbar il-paviljuni ta' d'Orbay biex joħloq is-Sezzjonijiet tal-Ministri fl-1678-1679.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://en.chateauversailles.fr/discover/history/key-dates/versailles-capital-kingdom-1682|titlu=Versailles, “capital” of the kingdom, 1682|data=2016-11-22|sit=Palace of Versailles|lingwa=en|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt; Biswit il-palazz, Mansart bena żewġ stalel imsejħa l-Grande u l-Petite Écuries mill-1679 sal-1682,&lt;ref&gt;Berger, Robert W. (1994). ''A Royal Passion: Louis XIV as Patron of Architecture''. Cambridge University Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;0-521-44029-7&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 114.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://en.chateauversailles.fr/discover/estate/royal-stables|titlu=The Royal Stables|data=2016-10-17|sit=Palace of Versailles|lingwa=en|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt; kif ukoll il-Grand Commun, li kien jospita l-qaddejja u l-kċejjen ġenerali tal-palazz, mill-1682 sal-1684.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://en.chateauversailles.fr/discover/estate/palace/grand-commun|titlu=The Grand Commun|data=2019-08-02|sit=Palace of Versailles|lingwa=en|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mansart żied ukoll żewġ sezzjonijiet ġodda għalkollox bl-istil Taljanizzat ta' Le Vau sabiex jospitaw il-qorti&lt;ref&gt;Spaworth, Anthony (2008). ''Versailles: A Biography of a Palace''. Macmillan Publishers. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-3123-5785-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 10-11.&lt;/ref&gt;, l-ewwel fin-naħa tan-Nofsinhar tal-palazz mill-1679 sal-1681, u mbagħad fin-naħa tat-Tramuntana mill-1685 sal-1689.&lt;ref&gt;Jones, Colin (2018). ''Versailles''. Basic Books. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-1-5416-7338-0&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 43.&lt;/ref&gt;

Il-gwerra u l-finanzjament imnaqqas minħabba fiha wasslu biex il-kostruzzjoni ssir ferm iktar bil-mod f'Versailles għall-bqija tas-seklu 17. Il-Gwerra ta' Disa' Snin, li bdiet fl-1688, waqqfet ix-xogħol għalkollox sal-1698. Tliet snin wara, madankollu, bdiet il-Gwerra tas-Suċċessjoni Spanjola&lt;ref&gt;Walton, Guy (1986). ''Louis XIV's Versailles''. University of Chicago Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-2268-7254-4&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 51.&lt;/ref&gt; li swiet ferm iktar flus, u flimkien mal-ħsad batut fl-1693-1694 u fl-1709-1710&lt;ref&gt;Jones, Colin (2018). ''Versailles''. Basic Books. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-1-5416-7338-0&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 52.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Doyle, William, ed. (2001). ''Old Regime France''. Short Oxford History of France. Oxford University Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;0-19-873129-9&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 190.&lt;/ref&gt;, dawn wasslu biex Franza tidħol fi kriżi.&lt;ref&gt;Walton, Guy (1986). ''Louis XIV's Versailles''. University of Chicago Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-2268-7254-4&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 51-52.&lt;/ref&gt; B'hekk, Lwiġi XIV naqqas il-finanzjament u kkanċella wħud mix-xogħlijiet li Mansart kien ippjana għas-snin 80 tas-seklu 17, bħall-immudellar mill-ġdid tal-faċċata tal-bitħa bl-istil Taljanizzat. Lwiġi XIV u Mansart iffukaw fuq [[kappella]] permanenti għall-palazz&lt;ref&gt;Spaworth, Anthony (2008). ''Versailles: A Biography of a Palace''. Macmillan Publishers. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-3123-5785-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 17-19.&lt;/ref&gt;, u l-kostruzzjoni tagħha damet mill-1699 sal-1710.&lt;ref&gt;Jones, Colin (2018). ''Versailles''. Basic Books. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-1-5416-7338-0&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 53.&lt;/ref&gt;
[[Stampa:Nicolas Cochin Masked Ball 1745FXD.jpg|daqsminuri|276x276px|Ballu bil-maskri fis-Sala tal-Mirja (1745), pittura ta' [[Charles-Nicolas Cochin]].]]
Is-suċċessuri ta' Lwiġi XIV, Lwiġi XV u Lwiġi XVI, inġenerali ħallew il-Palazz ta' Versailles kif wirtuh u ffukaw fuq ġewwa tal-palazz. Il-modifiki ta' Lwiġi XV bdew fis-snin 30 tas-seklu 18, bit-tlestija tas-Sala ta' [[Erkole]], kamra tal-ballu fis-sezzjoni tat-Tramuntana, u t-tkabbir tal-appartament privat tar-re&lt;ref&gt;Jones, Colin (2018). ''Versailles''. Basic Books. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-1-5416-7338-0&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 59-60, 65.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Spaworth, Anthony (2008). ''Versailles: A Biography of a Palace''. Macmillan Publishers. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-3123-5785-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 20-21.&lt;/ref&gt;, li kien jeħtieġ it-tiġrif tat-Taraġ tal-Ambaxxaturi. Fl-1748, Lwiġi XV beda l-kostruzzjoni ta' teatru tal-palazz, it-Teatru Rjali tal-Opri ta' Versailles fl-iktar sezzjoni tat-Tramuntana tal-palazz&lt;ref&gt;Spaworth, Anthony (2008). ''Versailles: A Biography of a Palace''. Macmillan Publishers. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-3123-5785-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 21.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://en.chateauversailles.fr/discover/estate/palace/royal-opera|titlu=The Royal Opera|data=2016-03-27|sit=Palace of Versailles|lingwa=en|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;, iżda t-tlestija ġiet imdewma sal-1770;&lt;ref&gt;Jones, Colin (2018). ''Versailles''. Basic Books. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-1-5416-7338-0&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 61.&lt;/ref&gt; il-kostruzzjoni ġiet interrotta fis-snin 40 tas-seklu 18 minħabba l-Gwerra tas-Suċċessjoni [[Awstrija|Awstrijaka]] u mill-ġdid fl-1756 meta faqqgħet il-Gwerra ta' Seba' Snin. Dawn il-gwerer żvujtaw it-teżor irjali u minn hemm 'il quddiem il-kostruzzjoni ġiet iffinanzjata l-ikbar mis-[[Sinjura du Barry]], il-maħbuba favorita ta' Lwiġi XV. Fl-1771, Lwiġi XV ordna li s-Sezzjoni tal-Ministri tinbena mill-ġdid bi stil Neoklassiku minn [[Ange-Jacques Gabriel]], l-arkitett tal-qorti, peress li kienet waslet biex taqa'. Dak ix-xogħol twaqqaf ukoll minħabba diffikultajiet finanzjarji, u baqa' ma tlestiex meta miet Lwiġi XV fl-1774. Fl-1784, Lwiġi XVI għal żmien qasir ittrasferixxa l-familja rjali lejn il-[[Palazz ta' Saint-Cloud]] sakemm saru iktar rinnovazzjonijiet fil-Palazz ta' Versailles, iżda l-kostruzzjoni ma setgħetx tibda minħabba diffikultajiet finanzjarji u minħabba kriżi [[politika]].&lt;ref&gt;Spaworth, Anthony (2008). ''Versailles: A Biography of a Palace''. Macmillan Publishers. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-3123-5785-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 21-24.&lt;/ref&gt; Fl-1789, ir-Rivoluzzjoni Franċiża temmet il-perjodu tal-familja u tal-gvern irjali f'Versailles għal dejjem.&lt;ref&gt;Spaworth, Anthony (2008). ''Versailles: A Biography of a Palace''. Macmillan Publishers. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-3123-5785-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 24.&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Rwol fil-politika ===
[[Stampa:Réception du Grand Condé à Versailles (Jean-Léon Gérôme, 1878).png|daqsminuri|253x253px|''Ir-Riċeviment tal-Grand Condé f'Versailles'', pittura ta' Jean-Léon Gérôme.]]
Il-Palazz ta' Versailles kien ċentrali fil-politika ta' Lwiġi XIV, bħala espressjoni u konċentrazzjoni tal-arti u tal-kultura Franċiża, u għaċ-ċentralizzazzjoni tal-poter irjali.&lt;ref&gt;Blanning, T. C. W. (2002). ''The Culture of Power and the Power of Culture: Old Regime Europe 1660–1789''. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198227458.001.0001. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-1982-2745-8&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 33-40.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Bohanan, Donna (2001). ''Crown and Nobility in Early Modern France''. European History in Perspective. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-333-71694-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 61-64.&lt;/ref&gt; Lwiġi XIV użda l-Palazz ta' Versailles għall-ewwel darba biex jippromwovi lilu nnifsu permezz ta' sensiela ta' festivals billejl fil-ġonna tal-palazz fl-1664, fl-1668 u fl-1674, u dawn ġew imxerda mal-[[Ewropa]] kollha permezz ta' litografiji u inċiżjonijiet.&lt;ref&gt;Blanning, T. C. W. (2002). ''The Culture of Power and the Power of Culture: Old Regime Europe 1660–1789''. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198227458.001.0001. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-1982-2745-8&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 49. &lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Walton, Guy (1986). ''Louis XIV's Versailles''. University of Chicago Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-2268-7254-4&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 57, 59.&lt;/ref&gt; Saħansitra fl-1669, iżda speċjalement mill-1678&lt;ref&gt;Jones, Colin (2018). ''Versailles''. Basic Books. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-1-5416-7338-0&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 26.&lt;/ref&gt;, Lwiġi XIV għamel ħiltu biex Versailles issir is-sede tal-gvern tiegħu, u kabbar il-palazz sabiex jistabbilixxi l-qorti fih.&lt;ref&gt;Bohanan, Donna (2001). ''Crown and Nobility in Early Modern France''. European History in Perspective. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-333-71694-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 62.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Jones, Colin (2018). ''Versailles''. Basic Books. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-1-5416-7338-0&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 42.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Doyle, William, ed. (2001). ''Old Regime France''. Short Oxford History of France. Oxford University Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;0-19-873129-9&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 173.&lt;/ref&gt; Madankollu, it-trasferiment tal-qorti lejn Versailles ma seħħx qabel l-1682, u mhux uffiċjalment, għaliex l-opinjoni rigward Versailles kienet imħallta fost in-nobbiltà ta' Franza.&lt;ref&gt;Spaworth, Anthony (2008). ''Versailles: A Biography of a Palace''. Macmillan Publishers. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-3123-5785-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 14.&lt;/ref&gt;

Minkejja dan, sal-1687 kien evidenti għal kulħadd li Versailles ''de facto'' kienet il-belt kapitali ta' Franza&lt;ref&gt;Spaworth, Anthony (2008). ''Versailles: A Biography of a Palace''. Macmillan Publishers. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-3123-5785-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 15.&lt;/ref&gt;, u Lwiġi XIV rnexxielu jattira n-nobbiltà lejn Versailles għall-prestiġju u għall-patrunaġġ irjali fi ħdan etikett strett tal-qorti&lt;ref&gt;Blanning, T. C. W. (2002). ''The Culture of Power and the Power of Culture: Old Regime Europe 1660–1789''. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198227458.001.0001. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-1982-2745-8&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 31-34, 40.&lt;/ref&gt;, u b'hekk nawwar il-bażijiet provinċjali tradizzjonali tagħhom tal-poter.&lt;ref&gt;Swann, Julian. &quot;Politics: Louis XV&quot;. ''Old Regime France''. pp. 195–222. p. 143, 145.&lt;/ref&gt; Kien fil-Palazz ta' Versailles li Lwiġi XIV laqa' lid-''Doge'' ta' [[Genova: It-Toroq Ġodda u s-Sistema tal-Palazzi tal-Listi|Genova]] fl-1685&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://en.chateauversailles.fr/discover/history/key-dates/reception-doge-genoa-1685|titlu=Reception of the Doge of Genoa, 1685|data=2016-11-22|sit=Palace of Versailles|lingwa=en|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;, ambaxxata mir-Renju ta' [[Park Storiku ta' Ayutthaya|Ayutthaya]], it-[[Tajlandja]] (dak iż-żmien is-Siam)&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://en.chateauversailles.fr/discover/history/key-dates/reception-ambassador-siam-1686|titlu=Reception of the Ambassador of Siam, 1686|data=2016-11-22|sit=Palace of Versailles|lingwa=en|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;, fl-1686, u ambaxxata mill-[[Iran]] tas-[[Safavidi]] fl-1715.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://en.chateauversailles.fr/discover/history/key-dates/reception-ambassadors-persia-1715|titlu=Reception of the Ambassadors of Persia, 1715|data=2016-11-22|sit=Palace of Versailles|lingwa=en|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Lwiġi XIV miet f'Versailles fl-1 ta' Settembru 1715 u s-suċċessur tiegħu kien il-proneputi tiegħu li kellu ħames snin, Lwiġi XV&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://en.chateauversailles.fr/discover/history/key-dates/death-louis-xiv-1715|titlu=Death of Louis XIV, 1715|data=2016-11-23|sit=Palace of Versailles|lingwa=en|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;, id-Duka ta' [[Anjou]]&lt;ref&gt;Jones, Colin (2018). ''Versailles''. Basic Books. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-1-5416-7338-0&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 57.&lt;/ref&gt;, li ġie ttrasferit lejn [[Vincennes]] u mbagħad lejn Pariġi mir-reġġent tiegħu, [[Filippu II]], id-Duka ta' [[Orléans]]. Il-Palazz ta' Versailles ġie ttraskurat sal-1722, meta Filippu II ttrasferixxa l-qorti lejn Versailles sabiex jaħrab min-nuqqas ta' popolarità tar-reġġenza tiegħu&lt;ref&gt;Spaworth, Anthony (2008). ''Versailles: A Biography of a Palace''. Macmillan Publishers. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-3123-5785-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 20.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Jones, Colin (2018). ''Versailles''. Basic Books. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-1-5416-7338-0&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 58.&lt;/ref&gt;, u meta Lwiġi XV kiber.&lt;ref&gt;Swann, Julian. &quot;Politics: Louis XV&quot;. ''Old Regime France''. pp. 195–222. p. 201.&lt;/ref&gt; Madankollu, it-trasferiment tal-1722, kisser il-poter kulturali ta' Versailles&lt;ref&gt;Doyle, William, ed. (2001). ''Old Regime France''. Short Oxford History of France. Oxford University Press. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;0-19-873129-9&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 91.&lt;/ref&gt;, u matul ir-renju ta' Lwiġi XVI, il-membri tal-qorti kienu jqattgħu l-ħin liberu tagħhom għad-divertiment f'Pariġi u mhux f'Versailles.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;
[[Stampa:L'Opéra-visite de la reine Victoria 1855.jpg|xellug|daqsminuri|291x291px|Bankett għar-Reġina Vitorja ospitata f'Awwissu 1855 minn [[Napuljun III]] fit-Teatru Rjali tal-Opri ta' Versailles, pittura ta' [[Eugene Lami]].]]
Fl-1783, il-Palazz ta' Versailles kien is-sit fejn ġew iffirmati l-aħħar tnejn mit-tliet Trattati tal-Paċi ta' Pariġi (1783), li temmew il-Gwerra Rivoluzzjonarja [[Stati Uniti|Amerikana]]. Fit-3 ta' Settembru, id-delegati Brittaniċi u Amerikani, immexxija minn [[Benjamin Franklin]], iffirmaw it-Trattat ta' Pariġi fl-Hôtel d'York (issa 56 Rue Jacob) f'Pariġi, li wassal għall-indipendenza tal-Istati Uniti. Fl-4 ta' Settembru, Spanja u Franza ffirmaw trattati separati mal-Ingilterra fil-Palazz ta' Versailles, li formalment temmew il-gwerra.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://www.constitutionfacts.com/us-declaration-of-independence/treaty-of-paris/|titlu=The Treaty of Paris|sit=www.constitutionfacts.com|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ir-Re u r-Reġina saru jafu bl-attakk ta' [[Bastilja]] f'Pariġi fl-14 ta' Lulju 1789, meta kienu fil-palazz, u baqgħu iżolati hemmhekk filwaqt li r-Rivoluzzjoni f'Pariġi nfirxet. Il-korla dejjem tiżdied f'Pariġi wasslet għall-Marċ tan-Nisa f'Versailles fil-5 ta' Ottubru 1789. Folla ta' diversi eluf ta' rġiel u nisa, li ħarġu jipprotestaw kontra l-prezz għoli u l-iskarsezza tal-ħobż, għamlu marċ mis-swieq ta' Pariġi sa Versailles. Magħhom ħadu l-armi mill-armerija tal-belt, assedjaw il-palazz, u obbligaw lir-Re u lill-familja rjali, flimkien mal-membri tal-Assemblea Nazzjonali, jirritornaw magħhom lejn Pariġi l-għada.&lt;ref&gt;Lacaille, Frédéric (2012). ''Versailles – 400 ans d'histoire''. Paris: Gallimard. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-2-07-044430-4&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 16-17.&lt;/ref&gt;

Malli l-familja rjali telqet, il-palazz ingħalaq. Fl-1792, il-Konvenzjoni Nazzjonali, il-gvern rivoluzzjonarju l-ġdid, ordna t-trasferiment tal-pitturi u tal-[[Skultura|iskulturi]] kollha mill-Palazz għal-[[Louvre]]. Fl-1793, il-Konvenzjoni ddikjarat l-abolizzjoni tal-monarkija u ordnat li l-proprjetà rjali kollha fil-palazz tinbigħ f'irkant. L-irkant seħħ bejn il-25 ta' Awwissu 1793 u l-11 ta' Awwissu 1794. L-arredamenti u l-arti tal-Palazz, inkluż l-għamara, il-mirja, il-banjijiet u t-tagħmir tal-kċejjen, inbigħu f'lottijiet ta' 17,000 oġġett. Il-ġilji u l-emblemi rjali kollha mal-binjiet tneħħew. Il-binjiet vojta ntużaw bħala maħżen għall-għamara, għall-arti u għal-libreriji kkonfiskati min-nobbiltà. L-appartamenti grandjużi vojta nfetħu għaż-żjarat mill-bidu tal-1793, u mużew żgħir ta' pitturi Franċiżi u skola tal-arti nfetħu f'uħud mill-kmamar vojta.&lt;ref&gt;Lacaille, Frédéric (2012). ''Versailles – 400 ans d'histoire''. Paris: Gallimard. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-2-07-044430-4&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 18.&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Seklu 19 – mużew tal-istorja u sit tal-gvern ===
[[Stampa:A v Werner - Kaiserproklamation am 18 Januar 1871 (3. Fassung 1885).jpg|daqsminuri|242x242px|''Proklamazzjoni tal-Imperu Ġermaniż, it-18 ta' Jannar 1871'', pittura tal-1877 ta' [[Anton von Werner]].]]
Meta Napuljun Bonaparte sar Imperatur tal-Franċiżi fl-1804, huwa kkunsidra li jagħmel il-Palazz ta' Versailles bħala r-residenza tiegħu iżda abbanduna l-idea minħabba kemm kienet se tiswa r-rinnovazzjoni. Qabel ma żżewweġ lil Marie-Louise fl-1810, huwa ordna li jiġi rrestawrat il-Grand Trianon u li jiġi mgħammar bħala residenza tas-sajf għalih u għall-familja tiegħu, bl-istil ta' għamara kif għadu sa llum il-ġurnata.&lt;ref&gt;Lacaille, Frédéric (2012). ''Versailles – 400 ans d'histoire''. Paris: Gallimard. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-2-07-044430-4&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 19.&lt;/ref&gt;

Fl-1815, bil-waqgħa finali ta' Napuljun, Lwiġi XVIII, ħu ż-żgħir ta' Lwiġi XVI, sar ir-Re, u kkunsidra li jirritorna r-residenza rjali f'Versailles, fejn kien twieled. Huwa ordna r-restawr tal-appartamenti rjali, iżda l-kompitu u l-ispejjeż kienu kbar wisq. Lwiġi XVIII ordna li s-sezzjoni l-iktar fin-Nofsinhar tal-''Cour Royale'' titwaqqa' u tiġi rikostruwita (1814-1824) sabiex tiġi pariġġ is-sezzjoni ta' Gabriel tal-1780 fin-naħa opposta, u dan wassal għal iktar uniformità fid-dehra tad-daħla ta' quddiem. La hu u lanqas is-suċċessur tiegħu [[Karlu X]] ma għexu f'Versailles.&lt;ref&gt;Spaworth, Anthony (2008). ''Versailles: A Biography of a Palace''. Macmillan Publishers. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0-3123-5785-6&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 244.&lt;/ref&gt;

Ir-Rivoluzzjoni Franċiża tal-1830 wasslet monarka ġdid, Lwiġi-Filippu għall-poter, u ambizzjoni ġdida għal Versailles. Huwa ma rresjediex f'Versailles iżda beda l-ħolqien tal-Mużew tal-Istorja ta' Franza, iddedikat lill-&quot;glorji kollha ta' Franza&quot;, li kien intuża biex jiġu ospitati xi membri tal-familja rjali. Il-kostruzzjoni tal-mużew inbdiet fl-1833 u l-mużew ġie inawgurat fit-30 ta' Ġunju 1837. L-iżjed kamra famuża tiegħu hija l-Galerie des Batailles (Sala tal-Battalji), li tokkupa l-biċċa l-kbira tat-tul tat-tieni sular tas-sezzjoni tan-Nofsinhar tal-palazz.&lt;ref&gt;Hoog, Simone (1996). &quot;Versailles&quot;. In Turner, Jane (ed.). ''The Dictionary of Art''. Vol. 32. New York: Grove. pp. 369–374. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;9781884446009&lt;/bdi&gt;. pp. 369-374.&lt;/ref&gt; Il-proġett tal-mużew inġenerali waqaf ħesrem meta Lwiġi-Filippu tilef il-poter fl-1848, għalkemm il-pitturi tal-eroj Franċiżi u tal-battalji l-kbar għadhom fis-sezzjoni tan-Nofsinhar sa llum il-ġurnata.

L-Imperatur Napuljun III uża l-palazz xi kultant bħala post għal ċerimonji grandjużi. Waħda mill-iżjed lussużi kienet il-bankett li ospita għar-Reġina Vitorja fit-Teatru Rjali tal-Opri ta' Versailles fil-25 ta' Awwissu 1855.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://en.chateauversailles.fr/discover/history/key-dates/visit-queen-victoria-1855|titlu=Visit of Queen Victoria, 1855|data=2016-11-22|sit=Palace of Versailles|lingwa=en|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Matul il-Gwerra bejn Franza u l-[[Prussja]] tal-1870-1871, il-Palazz ta' Versailles ġie okkupat mill-persunal ġenerali tal-Armata [[Ġermanja|Ġermaniża]] rebbieħa. Partijiet mill-palazz, inkluż is-Sala tal-Mirja, ġew ikkonvertiti fi sptar militari. Il-ħolqien tal-Imperu Ġermaniż, li kkombina l-Prussja u l-istati Ġermaniżi tal-madwar taħt [[William I]], ġie pproklamat formalment fis-Sala tal-Mirja fit-18 ta' Jannar 1871. Il-Ġermaniżi baqgħu fil-Palazz ta' Versailles sal-iffirmar tal-armistizju f'Marzu 1871. F'dak ix-xahar, il-gvern tat-Tielet Repubblika Franċiża l-ġdida, li kien telaq minn Pariġi matul il-gwerra u mar f'[[Tours]] u mbagħad f'[[Bordeaux]], ittrasferixxa ruħu fil-Palazz ta' Versailles. L-Assemblea Nazzjonali organizzat il-laqgħat tagħha fit-Teatru tal-Opri.&lt;ref&gt;Lacaille, Frédéric (2012). ''Versailles – 400 ans d'histoire''. Paris: Gallimard. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-2-07-044430-4&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 12.&lt;/ref&gt;

Ir-rewwixta tal-Komun ta' Pariġi f'Marzu 1871, ipprevjena lill-gvern Franċiż, taħt [[Adolphe Thiers]], milli jirritorna minnufih lejn Pariġi. L-operazzjoni militari li ħonqot il-Komun fl-aħħar ta' Mejju tmexxiet minn Versailles, u l-priġunieri tal-Komun tressqu hemmhekk u għaddew ġuri fil-qrati militari. Fl-1875 inħoloq it-tieni korp parlamentari, is-Senat Franċiż, u dan għamel il-laqgħat tiegħu għall-elezzjoni tal-President tar-Repubblika f'sala ġdida maħluqa fl-1876 fis-sezzjoni tan-Nofsinhar tal-Palazz ta' Versailles. Is-Senat Franċiż għadu sa issa jiltaqa' fil-Palazz ta' Versailles f'okkażjonijiet speċjali, bħall-emendar tal-Kostituzzjoni Franċiża.&lt;ref&gt;Lacaille, Frédéric (2012). ''Versailles – 400 ans d'histoire''. Paris: Gallimard. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-2-07-044430-4&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 20.&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Seklu 20 ===
[[Stampa:William Orpen - The Signing of Peace in the Hall of Mirrors, Versailles.jpg|xellug|daqsminuri|''L-Iffirmar tal-Paċi fis-Sala tal-Mirja, Versailles, it-28 ta' Ġunju 1919,'' pittura ta' [[William Orpen]].]]
Fl-aħħar tas-seklu 19 u fil-bidu tas-seklu 20 bdew isiru l-ewwel sforzi ta' restawr fil-Palazz ta' Versailles, l-ewwel immexxija minn [[Pierre de Nolhac]], [[poeta]] u studjuż u l-ewwel konservatur, li beda x-xogħol tiegħu fl-1892. Il-konservazzjoni u r-restawr ġew interrotti minn żewġ gwerer dinjin iżda baqgħu għaddejjin sa llum il-ġurnata.&lt;ref&gt;Lacaille, Frédéric (2012). ''Versailles – 400 ans d'histoire''. Paris: Gallimard. ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-2-07-044430-4&lt;/bdi&gt;. p. 13.&lt;/ref&gt;

Il-Palazz ta' Versailles reġa' lura fix-xena dinjija f'Ġunju 1919, meta, wara sitt xhur ta' negozjati, it-Trattat ta' Versailles, li formalment temm [[l-Ewwel Gwerra Dinjija]], ġie ffirmat fis-Sala tal-Mirja. Bejn l-1925 u l-1928, il-filantropu Amerikan u l-multimiljunarju [[John D. Rockefeller]] ta $2,166,000, l-ekwivalenti ta' madwar tletin miljun dollaru llum, għar-restawr u għar-rinnovazzjoni tal-palazz.&lt;ref&gt;Iverson, Jeffrey, ''France Today'', id-19 ta' Lulju 2014.&lt;/ref&gt;

Iktar xogħol sar wara [[It-Tieni Gwerra Dinjija|t-Tieni Gwerra Dinjija]], permezz tar-restawr tat-Teatru Rjali tal-Opri ta' Versailles. It-teatru reġa' nfetaħ fl-1957, fil-preżenza tar-[[Eliżabetta II|Reġina Eliżabetta II]] tar-[[Renju Unit]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=http://www.versailles3d.com/en/over-the-centuries/xxe/1957.html|titlu=1957 - XXth century - Over the centuries - Versailles 3d|sit=www.versailles3d.com|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Fl-1978, partijiet mill-Palazz ta' Versailles ġarrbu ħsarat estensivi minħabba bomba mpoġġija minn terroristi Bretoni.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita aħbar|data=1978-06-26|titlu=VERSAILLES PALACE IS DAMAGED BY BOMB|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1978/06/26/archives/versailles-palace-is-damaged-by-bomb-heavy-explosion-wrecks-three.html|lingwa=en-US|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Mis-snin 50 tas-seklu 20, meta l-mużew ta' Versailles kien taħt it-tmexxija ta' [[Gérald van der Kemp]], l-objettiv kien li l-palazz jiġi rrestawrat għal kif kien fl-1789 – jew qrib kemm jista' jkun – meta l-familja rjali telqet mill-palazz. Fost il-proġetti bikrin kien hemm it-tiswija tas-saqaf tas-Sala tal-Mirja; il-kampanja ta' reklamar xeħtet l-attenzjoni internazzjonali fuq il-karba ta' Versailles wara l-gwerra u kisbet ħafna flus minn barra l-pajjiż, inkluż għotja finanzjarja mill-Fondazzjoni Rockefeller.

Wieħed mill-iżjed proġetti li swew flus lill-mużew u lill-Ħames Repubblika ta' Franza kien ix-xiri mill-ġdid tal-ikbar ammont possibbli ta' arredamenti oriġinali. B'konsegwenza ta' dan, peress li l-għamara rjali – u speċjalment l-għamara tal-Palazz ta' Versailles – jiswew ħafna flus minħabba d-domanda għaliha fis-suq internazzjonali, il-mużew nefaq fondi konsiderevoli biex jipprova jikseb kemm seta' mill-arredamenti oriġinali tal-palazz.&lt;ref&gt;Kemp, Gerard van der (1976). &quot;Remeubler Versailles&quot;. ''Revue du Louvre''. pp. 135-137.&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Seklu 21 ===
[[Stampa:Versailles Queen's Chamber.jpg|xellug|daqsminuri|251x251px|Il-Kamra tas-Sodda tar-Reġina.]]
In 2003, a new restoration initiative – the &quot;Grand Versailles&quot; project – was started, which began with the replanting of the gardens, which had lost over 10,000 trees during Cyclone Lothar on 26 December 1999. One part of the initiative, the restoration of the Hall of Mirrors, was completed in 2006. Another major project was the further restoration of the backstage areas of the Royal Opera of Versailles in 2007 to 2009.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080215140113/http://www.lexpress.fr/mag/arts/dossier/patrimoine/dossier.asp?ida=451314|titlu=Versailles en grande toilette - L'Express|data=2008-02-15|sit=web.archive.org|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Attwalment is-sjieda tal-Palazz ta' Versailles hija f'idejn l-Istat Franċiż. It-titlu formali tiegħu huwa l-Istabbiliment Pubbliku tal-Palazz, il-Mużew u l-Proprjetà Nazzjonali ta' Versailles. Mill-1995 ġie ġestit bħala Proprjetà Pubblika, b'amministrazzjoni u b'ġestjoni indipendenti ssorveljati mill-Ministeru Franċiż għall-Kultura.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://en.chateauversailles.fr/public-establishment|titlu=The Public Establishment|data=2016-10-31|sit=Palace of Versailles|lingwa=en|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;

L-artijiet tal-Palazz ta' Versailles se jospitaw il-kompetizzjoni [[Żiemel|ekwestri]] matul il-[[Logħob Olimpiku tas-sajf]] tal-2024.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://www.paris2024.org/en/venue/chateau-de-versailles/|titlu=Château de Versailles|sit=Paris 2024|lingwa=en|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Sit ta' Wirt Dinji ==
[[Stampa:Vue aérienne du domaine de Versailles par ToucanWings - Creative Commons By Sa 3.0 - 073.jpg|daqsminuri|239x239px|Veduta mill-ajru tal-palazz u l-park ta' Versailles.]]
Il-Palazz u l-Park ta' Versailles ġew iddeżinjati bħala Sit ta' Wirt Dinji tal-UNESCO fl-1979. Saret modifika minuri fiż-żona ta' lqugħ tas-sit fl-2007.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

Il-valur universali straordinarju tas-sit ġie rrikonoxxut abbażi ta' tliet kriterji tal-għażla tal-UNESCO: il-'''kriterju (i)''' &quot;Rappreżentazzjoni ta' kapulavur frott il-kreattività tal-bniedem&quot;; il-'''kriterju (ii)''' &quot;Wirja ta' skambju importanti ta' valuri umani, tul perjodu ta' żmien jew fi ħdan żona kulturali fid-dinja, dwar l-iżviluppi fl-arkitettura jew it-teknoloġija, l-arti monumentali, l-ippjanar tal-bliet jew id-disinn tal-pajsaġġ&quot;; u l-'''kriterju (vi)''' &quot;Assoċjazzjoni diretta jew tanġibbli ma' avvenimenti jew ma' tradizzjonijiet ħajjin, ma' ideat jew ma' twemmin, jew ma' xogħlijiet artistiċi jew letterarji ta' valur universali straordinarju&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== Referenzi ==

[[Kategorija:Siti ta' Wirt Dinji]]
[[Kategorija:Palazzi]]
[[Kategorija:Franza]]</text>
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    <title>Palazz ta' Fontainebleau</title>
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      <text bytes="23270" xml:space="preserve">[[Stampa:La salle du Trône (Château de Fontainebleau).jpg|daqsminuri|252x252px|Is-Sala tat-Tron ta' Napuljun Bonaparte fil-Palazz ta' Fontainebleau.]]
Il-'''Palazz ta' Fontainebleau''' (pronunzja bil-[[Lingwa Franċiża|Franċiż]]: ​[fɔ̃tɛnblo]; bil-Franċiż: ''Château de Fontainebleau''), jinsab 55 kilometru (34 mil) fix-Xlokk taċ-ċentru ta' [[Pariġi]], fil-komun ta' [[Fontainebleau]], u huwa wieħed mill-ikbar palazzi-kastelli rjali (bil-Franċiż: ''Château'') ta' [[Franza]]. Il-kastell [[Medjuevu|Medjevali]] u l-palazz sussegwenti ntużaw bħala r-residenza għall-monarki Franċiżi minn [[Lwiġi VII]] sa [[Napuljun III]]. [[François I]] u Napuljun kienu l-monarki li kellhom l-ikbar influwenza fuq il-palazz kif inhu llum il-ġurnata.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://www.parisdigest.com/france/fontainebleau.htm|titlu=Fontainebleau, the royal castle and forest near Paris|data=2019-12-26|sit=Paris Digest|lingwa=en|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sar [[mużew]] nazzjonali fl-1927 u fl-1981 tniżżel fil-lista tas-[[Sit ta' Wirt Dinji|Siti ta' Wirt Dinji]] tal-[[UNESCO]] għall-arkitettura unika u għall-importanza storika tiegħu.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/160/|titlu=Palace and Park of Fontainebleau|kunjom=Centre|isem=UNESCO World Heritage|sit=UNESCO World Heritage Centre|lingwa=en|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Storja ==

=== Palazz Medjevali (is-seklu 12) ===
[[Stampa:Le Grand Escalier à Fer de Cheval.jpg|daqsminuri|It-taraġ b'għamla ta' nagħla oriġinarjament inbena għal [[Enriku II]] minn [[Philibert de l'Orme]] bejn l-1547 u l-1559, u mbagħad inbena mill-ġdid għal [[Lwiġi XIII]] minn [[Jean Androuet du Cerceau]] għall-ħabta tal-1632-1634.]]
L-iżjed evidenza bikrija ta' kastell iffortifikat f'Fontainebleau jmur lura għall-1137.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;Salmon 2011, p. 7.&lt;/ref&gt; Sar residenza u loġġa tal-kaċċa ppreferuta tar-Rejiet ta' Franza minħabba l-abbundanza ta' [[Annimal|annimali]] selvaġġi u l-bosta fawwara fil-foresta ta' madwaru. L-isem oriġina minn waħda mill-ħafna fawwariet, il-funtana ta' Bliaud, li issa tinsab fil-ġnien Ingliż, qrib is-sezzjoni ta' [[Lwiġi XV ta’ Franza|Lwiġi XV]].&lt;ref&gt;Morel 1967, p. 28.&lt;/ref&gt; Intuża mir-Re Lwiġi VII, li għalih [[Thomas Becket]] ikkonsagra l-[[kappella]] fl-1169; minn [[Filippu II]]; minn [[Lwiġi IX]] (iktar 'il quddiem kanonizzat San Alwiġi), li bena sptar u kunvent, il-Couvent des Trinitaires, ħdejn il-kastell; u minn [[Filippu IV]], li twieled u [[Mewt|miet]] fil-kastell.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

=== Palazz Rinaxximentali ta' François I (1528-1547) ===
[[Stampa:Chateau de Fontainebleau Cour ovale.jpg|xellug|daqsminuri|243x243px|Il-Bitħa Ovali, bid-''donjon'' Medjevali fin-nofs, fdal tal-kastell oriġinali fejn kienu jinsabu l-appartamenti tar-Re.]]
Fis-seklu 15 il-kastell sarulu xi modifiki u rinnovazzjonijiet minn Isabella tal-[[Bavarja]], il-mara tar-Re [[Karlu VI ta' Asburgu|Karlu VI]], iżda l-istruttura Medjevali baqgħet essenzjalment intatta sar-renju ta' François I (1494-1547). Huwa kkummissjona lill-[[arkitett]] [[Gilles Le Breton]] biex jibni palazz bl-istil [[Rinaxximent|Rinaxximentali]] l-ġdid, importat reċentement mill-[[Italja]]. Le Breton ippreserva d-''donjon'' Medjevali antik, fejn kienu jinsabu l-appartamenti tar-Re, iżda inkorporah fil-Cour Ovale (bitħa ovali) bl-istil Rinaxximentali ġdid, li nbniet fuq il-pedamenti tal-kastell l-antik. Il-palazz kien jinkludi l-Porte Dorée [[Monument|monumentali]], bħala d-daħla tan-Nofsinhar tiegħu, b'taraġ Rinaxximentali monumentali, u l-Portique de Serlio, li jagħti aċċess għall-appartamenti rjali fuq in-naħa tat-Tramuntana.

Għall-ħabta tal-1528, François beda jibni l-Galerie François I, u b'hekk seta' jgħaddi direttament mill-appartamenti tiegħu għall-kappella tat-Trinitaires. Huwa qabbad lill-arkitett [[Sebastiano Serlio]] mill-Italja, u lill-pittur minn [[Firenze]] [[Giovanni Battista di Jacopo]], magħruf bħala Rosso Fiorentino, biex iżejjen il-gallerija l-ġdida. Bejn l-1533 u l-1539, Rosso Fiorentino mela l-gallerija b'affreski li jigglorifikaw lir-Re, b'gwarniċi bl-istukko mżejna b'riljiev għoli, u ''lambris'' skolpit mill-produttur tal-għamara [[Francesco Scibec da Carpi]]. Pittur Taljan ieħor, [[Francesco Primaticcio]] minn [[Bolonja|Bologna]], (&quot;Primatice&quot; għall-Franċiżi), ingħaqad iktar 'il quddiem fit-tiżjin tal-palazz. Flimkien, l-istil ta' tiżjin tagħhom sar magħruf bħala l-ewwel Skola ta' Fontainebleau. Din kienet l-ewwel gallerija mżejna kbira li nbniet fi Franza. Inġenerali, permezz ta' Fontainebleau r-Rinaxximent ġie introdott fi Franza.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;Salmon 2011, p. 8.&lt;/ref&gt;

Għall-ħabta tal-1540, François beda jaħdem fuq żieda oħra mal-palazz. Billi uża l-art fuq in-naħa tal-Lvant tal-palazz, li xtara mill-Ordni tat-Trinitaires, huwa beda jibni sezzjoni kwadra ġdida ta' binjiet madwar bitħa kbira. Din kienet konfinata lejn it-Tramuntana mis-sezzjoni tal-Ministri, lejn il-Lvant mis-sezzjoni ta' [[Ferrara]], u lejn in-Nofsinhar minn sezzjoni b'gallerija ġdida ta' [[Ulisse]]. Il-palazz ġie mdawwar minn park ġdid bl-istil tal-ġnien Rinaxximentali Taljan, bil-paviljuni u bl-ewwel grotta fi Franza. Primaticcio ħoloq affreski monumentali oħra għall-gallerija ta' Ulisse.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;

=== Palazz ta' Enriku II u Katerina de' Medici (1547-1570) ===
[[Stampa:Château de Fontainebleau 2011 (262).JPG|daqsminuri|255x255px|Il-Gallerija ta' François I, li tikkollega l-appartamenti tar-Re mal-kappella, imżejna bejn l-1533 u l-1539, li introduċiet l-istil Rinaxximentali Taljan fi Franza.]]
Wara l-[[mewt]] ta' François I, ir-Re Enriku II ddeċieda li jkompli jkabbar il-palazz. Ir-Re u martu għażla l-arkitetti Philibert de l'Orme u Jean Bullant biex iwettqu dan ix-xogħol. Huma estendew is-sezzjoni tal-Lvant tal-qorti t'isfel u żejnuha bl-ewwel taraġ famuż b'għamla ta' nagħla. Fil-bitħa ovali, huma ttrasformaw il-loġġa ppjanata minn François f'Sala tal-Festi jew Sala tal-Ballu b'saqaf bis-suffitt bil-kaxxi. Faċċata tal-bitħa tal-funtana u tal-għadira bil-ħut, huma ddisinjaw binja ġdida, il-Pavillon des Poeles (li nqered), biex jospita l-appartamenti l-ġodda tar-Re. It-tiżjin tas-sala tal-ballu l-ġdida u tal-gallerija ta' Ulisse bl-affreski ta' Francesco Primaticcio u l-istukko skolpit kompla, taħt it-tmexxija tal-pitturi Manjeristi Primaticcio u [[Niccolò dell'Abbate]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;Salmon 2011, p. 9.&lt;/ref&gt; Skont l-ordnijiet ta' Enriku, in-''Nymphe de Fontainebleau'' ta' [[Benvenuto Cellini]] ġiet installata fid-daħla ta' Château d'Anet, ir-residenza primarja tal-maħbuba primarja ta' Enriku, [[Diane de Poitiers]] (il-lunetta oriġinali tal-bronż issa tinsab fil-[[Mużew]] ta' [[Louvre]], u minflokha hemm replika).&lt;ref&gt;Pérouse de Montclos 2009, p. 31.&lt;/ref&gt; Il-palazz kien ukoll il-post fejn twieled François II ta' Franza, l-ewwel iben tar-Re Enriku II.

Wara l-mewt ta' Enriku II f'inċident fil-ġostra, il-mara tiegħu li spiċċat armla, [[Katerina de' Medici]], kompliet bil-kostruzzjoni u t-tiżjin tal-palazz. Hija ddeżinjat lil Primaticcio bħala s-sovraintendent il-ġdid tax-xogħlijiet pubbliċi rjali. Huwa ddisinja s-sezzjoni magħrufa illum il-ġurnata bħala s-sezzjoni tal-Belle Cheminée, magħrufa għaċ-ċmieni elaborati tagħha u ż-żewġ settijiet ta' taraġ faċċata ta' xulxin. Fl-1565, bħala miżura ta' sigurtà minħabba l-Gwerer tar-[[Reliġjon]], hija ordnat ukoll li jitħaffer ħandaq madwar il-palazz biex jipproteġih minn xi attakk.&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt;

=== Palazz ta' Enriku IV (1570-1610) ===
King Henry IV made more additions to the château than any King since François I. He extended the oval court toward the west by building two pavilions, called Tiber and Luxembourg. Between 1601 and 1606, he remade all the façades around the courtyard, including that of the chapel of Saint-Saturnin, to give the architecture greater harmony. On the east side, he built a new monumental domed gateway, the Porte du Baptistère. Between 1606 and 1609, he built a new courtyard, the Cour des Offices or Quartier Henry IV, to provide a place for the kitchens and residences for court officials. Two new galleries, the Galerie de Diane de Poitiers and the Galerie des Cerfs, were built to enclose the old garden of Diane. He also added a large ''jeu de paume'', or indoor tennis court, the largest such court existing in the world.

A &quot;second school of Fontainebleau&quot; of painters and decorators went to work on the interiors. The architect Martin Fréminet created the ornate chapel of the Trinity, while the painters Ambroise Dubois and Toussaint Dubreuil created a series of heroic paintings for the salons. A new wing, named for its central building, La Belle Cheminée, was built next to the large fish pond.

Henry IV also devoted great attention to the park and gardens around the Chateau. The garden of the Queen or garden of Diane, created by Catherine de' Medici, with the fountain of Diane in the center, was located on the north side of the palace. Henry IV's gardener, Claude Mollet, trained at Château d'Anet, created a large parterre of flower beds, decorated with ancient statues and separated by paths into large squares. The fountain of Diana and the grotto were made by Tommaso Francini, who may also have designed the Medici Fountain in the Luxembourg Garden for Marie de Medici. On the south side, Henry created a park, planted with pines, elms and fruit trees, and laid out a grand canal 1200 meters long, sixty years before Lwiġi XIV built his own grand canal at Versailles.

=== Il-Palazz minn Lwiġi XIII sa Lwiġi XIV ===
King Lwiġi XIII was born and baptized in the Château, and continued the works begun by his father. He completed the decoration of the chapel of the Trinity, and assigned the court architect Jean Androuet du Cerceau to reconstruct the horseshoe stairway earlier designed by Philibert Delorme on the courtyard that had become known as the Cour de Cheval Blanc. After his death, his widow, Anne of Austria, redecorated the apartments within the Wing of the Queen Mothers (Aile des Reines Mères) next to the Court of the Fountain, designed by Primatrice.

King Lwiġi XIV spent more days at Fontainebleau than any other monarch; he liked to hunt there every year at the end of summer and the beginning of autumn. He made few changes to the exterior of the château, but did build a new apartment for his companion Madame de Maintenon, furnished it with some major works of André-Charles Boulle and demolished the old apartments of the baths under the Gallery of François I to create new apartments for the royal princes, and he made some modifications to the apartments of the King. The architect Jules Hardouin-Mansard built a new wing alongside the Galerie des Cerfs and the Galerie de Diane to provide more living space for the Court. He did make major changes in the park and gardens; he commissioned André Le Nôtre and Lwiġi Le Vau to redesign the large parterre into a French formal garden. He removed the hanging garden which Henry IV had built next to the large fish pond, and instead built a pavilion, designed by Le Vau, on a small island in the center of the pond.

Lwiġi XIV signed the Edict of Fontainebleau at the Château on 22 October 1685, revoking the policy of tolerance towards Protestants begun by Henry IV. Lwiġi welcomed many foreign guests there, including the former Queen Christina of Sweden, who had just abdicated her crown. While a guest in the Château on 10 November 1657, Christina suspected her Master of the Horse and reputed lover, the Marchese Gian Rinaldo Monaldeschi, of betraying her secrets to her enemies. Her servants chased him through the halls of the Château and stabbed him to death. Lwiġi XIV came to see her at the Château, did not mention the murder, and allowed her to continue her travels.

On May 19–20, 1717, during the Regency following the death of Lwiġi XIV, the Russian Czar Peter the Great was a guest at Fontainebleau. A hunt for stags was organized for him, and a banquet. Officially the visit was a great success. But in the memoirs published later by members of the delegation, it appears that Peter disliked the French style of hunting, and that he found the Château too small, compared with the other royal French residences. The routine of Fontainebleau also did not suit his tastes; he preferred beer to wine (and brought his own supply with him) and he liked to get up early, unlike the French Court.

The renovation projects of Lwiġi XV were more ambitious than those of Lwiġi XIV. To create more lodging for his enormous number of courtiers In 1737–38 the King built a new courtyard, called the Cour de la Conciergerie or the Cour des Princes, to the east of the Galerie des Cerfs. On the Cour du Cheval Blanc, the wing of the Gallery of Ulysses was torn down and gradually replaced by a new brick and stone building, built in stages in 1738–1741 and 1773–74, extending west toward the Pavilion and grotto of the pines.

Between 1750 and 1754, the King commissioned the architect Ange-Jacques Gabriel to build a new wing along the Cour de la Fontaine and the fish pond. The old Pavilion des Poeles was demolished and replaced by the Gros Pavilion, built of cream-colored stone. Lavish new apartments were created inside this building for the King and the Queen. The new meeting room for the Royal Council was decorated by the leading painters of the day, including François Boucher, Carle Vanloo, Jean-Baptiste Marie Pierre and Alexis Peyrotte. A magnificent small theater was created on the first floor of the wing of the Belle Cheminée.

King Lwiġi XVI also made additions to the château to create more space for his courtiers. A new building was constructed alongside the Gallery of François I; it created a large new apartment on the first floor, and a number of small apartments on the ground floor, but also blocked the windows on the north side of the Gallery of François I. The apartments of Queen Marie-Antoinette were redone, a Turkish-style salon was created for her in 1777, a room for games in 1786–1787, and a ''boudoir'' in the arabesque style. Lwiġi XVI and Marie-Antoinette made their last visit to Fontainebleau in 1786, on the eve of the French Revolution.

=== Il-Palazz matul ir-Rivoluzzjoni u l-Ewwel Imperu ===
During the French Revolution the Château did not suffer any significant damage, but all the furniture was sold at auction. The buildings were occupied by the Central School of the Department of Seine-et-Marne, until 1803, when Napoleon I installed a military school there. As he prepared to become Emperor, Napoleon wanted to preserve as much as possible the palaces and protocol of the Old Regime. He chose Fontainebleau as the site of his historic 1804 meeting with Pope Pius VII, who had travelled from Rome to crown Napoleon Emperor. Napoleon had a suite of rooms decorated for the Pope, and had the entire chateau refurnished and decorated. The bedroom of the Kings was transformed into a throne room for Napoleon. Apartments were refurnished and decorated for the Emperor and Empress in the new Empire style. The Cour du Cheval Blanc was renamed the Cour d'Honneur, or Courtyard of Honor. One wing facing the courtyard, the Aile de Ferrare, was torn down and replaced with an ornamental iron fence and gate, making the façade of the Palace visible. The gardens of Diane and the gardens of the Pines were replanted and turned into an English landscape garden by the landscape designer Maximillien Joseph Hurtault.

Napoleon's visits to Fontainebleau were not frequent, because he was occupied so much of the time with military campaigns. Between 1812 and 1814, the château served as a very elegant prison for Pope Pius VII. On 5 November 1810, the chapel of the château was used for the baptism of Napoleon's nephew, the future Napoleon III, with Napoleon serving as his godfather, and the Empress Marie-Lwiġie as his godmother.

Napoleon spent the last days of his reign at Fontainebleau, before abdicating there on 4 April 1814, under pressure from his marechals, Ney, Berthier, and Lefebvre. On 20 April, after failing in an attempt to commit suicide, he gave an emotional farewell to the soldiers of the Old Guard, assembled in the Court of Honor. Later, during the One Hundred Days, he stopped there on 20 March 1815.

In his memoires, written while in exile on Saint Helena, he recalled his time at Fontainebleau; “…the true residence of Kings, the house of the centuries. Perhaps it was not a rigorously architectural palace, but it was certainly a place of residence well thought out and perfectly suitable. It was certainly the most comfortable and happily situated palace in Europe.”

=== Il-Palazz matul ir-Ristorazzjoni u r-renju ta' Lwiġi-Filippu (1815-1848) ===
Following the restoration of the Monarchy, Kings Lwiġi XVIII and Charles X each stayed at Fontainebleau, but neither made any major changes to the palace. Lwiġi-Filippu was more active, both restoring some rooms and redecorating others in the style of his period. The Hall of the Guards and Gallery of Plates were redecorated in a Neo-Renaissance style, while the Hall of Columns, under the ballroom, was remade in a neoclassical style. He added new stained glass windows, made by the royal manufactory of Sèvres.

=== Il-Palazz matul it-Tieni Imperu ===
Emperor Napoleon III, who had been baptized at Fontainebleau, resumed the custom of long stays at Fontainebleau, particularly during the summer. Many of the historic rooms, such as the Galerie des Cerfs, were restored to something like their original appearance, while the private apartments were redecorated to suit the tastes of the Emperor and Empress. Numerous guest apartments were squeezed into unused spaces of the buildings. The old theater of the palace, built in the 18th century, was destroyed by a fire in the wing of the Belle Cheminée 1856. Between 1854 and 1857 the architect Hector Lefuel built a new theater in the style of Lwiġi XVI.

On the ground floor of the Gros Pavilion, the Empress Eugénie built a small but rich museum, containing gifts from the King of Siam in 1861, and works of art taken during the pillage of the Summer Palace in Beijing. It also featured paintings by contemporary artists, including Franz Xaver Winterhalter, and the sculptor Charles Henri Joseph Cordier. Close by, in the Lous XV wing, the Emperor established his office, and the Empress made her Salon of Lacquer. These were the last rooms created by the royal residents of Fontainebleau. In 1870, during the Franco-German War, the Empire fell, and the Château was closed.

=== Il-Palazz mit-Tielet Repubblika sa llum il-ġurnata ===
During the Franco-Prussian War, the palace was occupied by the Prussians on 17 September 1870, and briefly used as an army headquarters by Frederic Charles of Prussia from March 1871. Following the war, two of the buildings became the home of the advanced school of artillery and engineering of the French Army, which had been forced to leave Alsace when the province was annexed by Germany.  It was occasionally used as a residence by the Presidents of the Third Republic, and to welcome state guests including King Alexander I of Serbia (1891), King George I of Greece (1892) Leopold II of Belgium (1895) and King Alphonse XIII of Spain (1913). It also received a visit by the last survivor of its royal residents, the Empress Eugenie, on 26 June 1920.

The façades the major buildings received their first protection by classification as historic monuments on 20 August 1913. In 1923, following the First World War, it became home of the Écoles d'Art Américaines, schools of art and music, which still exist today. In 1927 it became a national museum. Between the wars the upper floors of the wing of the Belle Cheminée, burned in 1856, were rebuilt by a grant from the Rockefeller Foundation.

During World War II, it was occupied by the Germans on 16 June 1940, and occupied until 10 November, and again from 15 May to the end of October 1941. Following the war, part of the château became a headquarters of the Western Union and later NATO's Allied Forces Central Europe/Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe, until 1966.

The general restoration of the Chateau took place between 1964 and 1968 under President Charles DeGaulle and his Minister of Culture, Andre Malraux. It was classified as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1981. In 2006, the Ministry of Culture purchased the royal stables, and began their restoration.

Beginning in 2007, restoration began of the theater of the château, created by Napoleon III during the Second Empire. The project was funded by the government of Abu-Dhabi, and in exchange the theater was renamed for Sheik Khalifa Bin Zayed al Nahyan. It was inaugurated on 30 April 2014.

On 1 March 2015, the Chinese Museum of the château was robbed by professional thieves. They broke in at about six in the morning, and, despite alarms and video cameras, in seven minutes stole about fifteen of the most valuable objects in the collection, including the replica of the crown of Siam given by the Siamese government to Napoleon III, a Tibetan mandala, and an enamel chimera from the reign of the Qianlong Emperor (1736-1795).

== Sit ta' Wirt Dinji ==
[[Stampa:Chateau Fontainebleau.jpg|nofs|daqsminuri|551x551px|Il-faċċata tal-Palazz ta' Fontainebleau.]]
Il-Palazz u l-Park ta' Fontainebleau ġew iddeżinjati bħala Sit ta' Wirt Dinji tal-UNESCO fl-1981.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

Il-valur universali straordinarju tas-sit ġie rrikonoxxut abbażi ta' żewġ kriterji tal-għażla tal-UNESCO: il-'''kriterju (ii)''' &quot;Wirja ta' skambju importanti ta' valuri umani, tul perjodu ta' żmien jew fi ħdan żona kulturali fid-dinja, dwar l-iżviluppi fl-arkitettura jew it-teknoloġija, l-arti monumentali, l-ippjanar tal-bliet jew id-disinn tal-pajsaġġ&quot;; u l-'''kriterju (vi)''' &quot;Assoċjazzjoni diretta jew tanġibbli ma' avvenimenti jew ma' tradizzjonijiet ħajjin, ma' ideat jew ma' twemmin, jew ma' xogħlijiet artistiċi jew letterarji ta' valur universali straordinarju&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== Biblijografija ==

* Allain, Yves-Marie (2006). ''L'art des jardins en Europe'' (bil-Franċiż). Pariġi: Citadelles &amp; Mazenod. &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 2-85088-087-6&lt;/nowiki&gt;.

* Carlier, Yves (2010). ''Histoire du château de Fontainebleau'' (bil-Franċiż). Pariġi: Editions Jean-Paul Gisserot. &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 978-2-75580-022-7&lt;/nowiki&gt;.

* Dan, Pierre (1642). ''Le Trésor des merveilles de la Maison Royale de Fontainebleau''. Pariġi: S. Cramoisy. OCLC 457360433; copy at INHA.

* Morel, Pierre (1967). ''Aspects de la France - Fontainebleau''. Artaud.

* Pérouse de Montclos, Jean-Marie (2009). ''Le château de Fontainebleau'' (bil-Franċiż). Pariġi: Nouvelles Éditions Scala. &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 9782359880045&lt;/nowiki&gt;.

* Salmon, Xavier (2011). ''Fontainebleau- Vrai demeure des rois, maison des siècles'' (bil-Franċiż). Versailles: Artlys. &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 978-2-85495-442-5&lt;/nowiki&gt;.

* Séguin, Philippe (1990). ''Lwiġi Napoléon Le Grand'' (bil-Franċiż). Pariġi: Bernard Grasset. &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 2-246-42951-X&lt;/nowiki&gt;.

== Referenzi ==</text>
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      <text bytes="23306" xml:space="preserve">[[Stampa:La salle du Trône (Château de Fontainebleau).jpg|daqsminuri|252x252px|Is-Sala tat-Tron ta' Napuljun Bonaparte fil-Palazz ta' Fontainebleau.]]
Il-'''Palazz ta' Fontainebleau''' (pronunzja bil-[[Lingwa Franċiża|Franċiż]]: ​[fɔ̃tɛnblo]; bil-Franċiż: ''Château de Fontainebleau''), jinsab 55 kilometru (34 mil) fix-Xlokk taċ-ċentru ta' [[Pariġi]], fil-komun ta' [[Fontainebleau]], u huwa wieħed mill-ikbar palazzi-kastelli rjali (bil-Franċiż: ''Château'') ta' [[Franza]]. Il-kastell [[Medjuevu|Medjevali]] u l-palazz sussegwenti ntużaw bħala r-residenza għall-monarki Franċiżi minn [[Lwiġi VII]] sa [[Napuljun III]]. [[François I]] u Napuljun kienu l-monarki li kellhom l-ikbar influwenza fuq il-palazz kif inhu llum il-ġurnata.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://www.parisdigest.com/france/fontainebleau.htm|titlu=Fontainebleau, the royal castle and forest near Paris|data=2019-12-26|sit=Paris Digest|lingwa=en|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sar [[mużew]] nazzjonali fl-1927 u fl-1981 tniżżel fil-lista tas-[[Sit ta' Wirt Dinji|Siti ta' Wirt Dinji]] tal-[[UNESCO]] għall-arkitettura unika u għall-importanza storika tiegħu.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/160/|titlu=Palace and Park of Fontainebleau|kunjom=Centre|isem=UNESCO World Heritage|sit=UNESCO World Heritage Centre|lingwa=en|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Storja ==

=== Palazz Medjevali (is-seklu 12) ===
[[Stampa:Le Grand Escalier à Fer de Cheval.jpg|daqsminuri|It-taraġ b'għamla ta' nagħla oriġinarjament inbena għal [[Enriku II]] minn [[Philibert de l'Orme]] bejn l-1547 u l-1559, u mbagħad inbena mill-ġdid għal [[Lwiġi XIII]] minn [[Jean Androuet du Cerceau]] għall-ħabta tal-1632-1634.]]
L-iżjed evidenza bikrija ta' kastell iffortifikat f'Fontainebleau jmur lura għall-1137.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;Salmon 2011, p. 7.&lt;/ref&gt; Sar residenza u loġġa tal-kaċċa ppreferuta tar-Rejiet ta' Franza minħabba l-abbundanza ta' [[Annimal|annimali]] selvaġġi u l-bosta fawwara fil-foresta ta' madwaru. L-isem oriġina minn waħda mill-ħafna fawwariet, il-funtana ta' Bliaud, li issa tinsab fil-ġnien Ingliż, qrib is-sezzjoni ta' [[Lwiġi XV ta’ Franza|Lwiġi XV]].&lt;ref&gt;Morel 1967, p. 28.&lt;/ref&gt; Intuża mir-Re Lwiġi VII, li għalih [[Thomas Becket]] ikkonsagra l-[[kappella]] fl-1169; minn [[Filippu II]]; minn [[Lwiġi IX]] (iktar 'il quddiem kanonizzat San Alwiġi), li bena sptar u kunvent, il-Couvent des Trinitaires, ħdejn il-kastell; u minn [[Filippu IV]], li twieled u [[Mewt|miet]] fil-kastell.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

=== Palazz Rinaxximentali ta' François I (1528-1547) ===
[[Stampa:Chateau de Fontainebleau Cour ovale.jpg|xellug|daqsminuri|243x243px|Il-Bitħa Ovali, bid-''donjon'' Medjevali fin-nofs, fdal tal-kastell oriġinali fejn kienu jinsabu l-appartamenti tar-Re.]]
Fis-seklu 15 il-kastell sarulu xi modifiki u rinnovazzjonijiet minn Isabella tal-[[Bavarja]], il-mara tar-Re [[Karlu VI ta' Asburgu|Karlu VI]], iżda l-istruttura Medjevali baqgħet essenzjalment intatta sar-renju ta' François I (1494-1547). Huwa kkummissjona lill-[[arkitett]] [[Gilles Le Breton]] biex jibni palazz bl-istil [[Rinaxximent|Rinaxximentali]] l-ġdid, importat reċentement mill-[[Italja]]. Le Breton ippreserva d-''donjon'' Medjevali antik, fejn kienu jinsabu l-appartamenti tar-Re, iżda inkorporah fil-Cour Ovale (bitħa ovali) bl-istil Rinaxximentali ġdid, li nbniet fuq il-pedamenti tal-kastell l-antik. Il-palazz kien jinkludi l-Porte Dorée [[Monument|monumentali]], bħala d-daħla tan-Nofsinhar tiegħu, b'taraġ Rinaxximentali monumentali, u l-Portique de Serlio, li jagħti aċċess għall-appartamenti rjali fuq in-naħa tat-Tramuntana.

Għall-ħabta tal-1528, François beda jibni l-Galerie François I, u b'hekk seta' jgħaddi direttament mill-appartamenti tiegħu għall-kappella tat-Trinitaires. Huwa qabbad lill-arkitett [[Sebastiano Serlio]] mill-Italja, u lill-pittur minn [[Firenze]] [[Giovanni Battista di Jacopo]], magħruf bħala Rosso Fiorentino, biex iżejjen il-gallerija l-ġdida. Bejn l-1533 u l-1539, Rosso Fiorentino mela l-gallerija b'affreski li jigglorifikaw lir-Re, b'gwarniċi bl-istukko mżejna b'riljiev għoli, u ''lambris'' skolpit mill-produttur tal-għamara [[Francesco Scibec da Carpi]]. Pittur Taljan ieħor, [[Francesco Primaticcio]] minn [[Bolonja|Bologna]], (&quot;Primatice&quot; għall-Franċiżi), ingħaqad iktar 'il quddiem fit-tiżjin tal-palazz. Flimkien, l-istil ta' tiżjin tagħhom sar magħruf bħala l-ewwel Skola ta' Fontainebleau. Din kienet l-ewwel gallerija mżejna kbira li nbniet fi Franza. Inġenerali, permezz ta' Fontainebleau r-Rinaxximent ġie introdott fi Franza.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;Salmon 2011, p. 8.&lt;/ref&gt;

Għall-ħabta tal-1540, François beda jaħdem fuq żieda oħra mal-palazz. Billi uża l-art fuq in-naħa tal-Lvant tal-palazz, li xtara mill-Ordni tat-Trinitaires, huwa beda jibni sezzjoni kwadra ġdida ta' binjiet madwar bitħa kbira. Din kienet konfinata lejn it-Tramuntana mis-sezzjoni tal-Ministri, lejn il-Lvant mis-sezzjoni ta' [[Ferrara]], u lejn in-Nofsinhar minn sezzjoni b'gallerija ġdida ta' [[Ulisse]]. Il-palazz ġie mdawwar minn park ġdid bl-istil tal-ġnien Rinaxximentali Taljan, bil-paviljuni u bl-ewwel grotta fi Franza. Primaticcio ħoloq affreski monumentali oħra għall-gallerija ta' Ulisse.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;

=== Palazz ta' Enriku II u Katerina de' Medici (1547-1570) ===
[[Stampa:Château de Fontainebleau 2011 (262).JPG|daqsminuri|255x255px|Il-Gallerija ta' François I, li tikkollega l-appartamenti tar-Re mal-kappella, imżejna bejn l-1533 u l-1539, li introduċiet l-istil Rinaxximentali Taljan fi Franza.]]
Wara l-[[mewt]] ta' François I, ir-Re Enriku II ddeċieda li jkompli jkabbar il-palazz. Ir-Re u martu għażla l-arkitetti Philibert de l'Orme u Jean Bullant biex iwettqu dan ix-xogħol. Huma estendew is-sezzjoni tal-Lvant tal-qorti t'isfel u żejnuha bl-ewwel taraġ famuż b'għamla ta' nagħla. Fil-bitħa ovali, huma ttrasformaw il-loġġa ppjanata minn François f'Sala tal-Festi jew Sala tal-Ballu b'saqaf bis-suffitt bil-kaxxi. Faċċata tal-bitħa tal-funtana u tal-għadira bil-ħut, huma ddisinjaw binja ġdida, il-Pavillon des Poeles (li nqered), biex jospita l-appartamenti l-ġodda tar-Re. It-tiżjin tas-sala tal-ballu l-ġdida u tal-gallerija ta' Ulisse bl-affreski ta' Francesco Primaticcio u l-istukko skolpit kompla, taħt it-tmexxija tal-pitturi Manjeristi Primaticcio u [[Niccolò dell'Abbate]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;Salmon 2011, p. 9.&lt;/ref&gt; Skont l-ordnijiet ta' Enriku, in-''Nymphe de Fontainebleau'' ta' [[Benvenuto Cellini]] ġiet installata fid-daħla ta' Château d'Anet, ir-residenza primarja tal-maħbuba primarja ta' Enriku, [[Diane de Poitiers]] (il-lunetta oriġinali tal-bronż issa tinsab fil-[[Mużew]] ta' [[Louvre]], u minflokha hemm replika).&lt;ref&gt;Pérouse de Montclos 2009, p. 31.&lt;/ref&gt; Il-palazz kien ukoll il-post fejn twieled François II ta' Franza, l-ewwel iben tar-Re Enriku II.

Wara l-mewt ta' Enriku II f'inċident fil-ġostra, il-mara tiegħu li spiċċat armla, [[Katerina de' Medici]], kompliet bil-kostruzzjoni u t-tiżjin tal-palazz. Hija ddeżinjat lil Primaticcio bħala s-sovraintendent il-ġdid tax-xogħlijiet pubbliċi rjali. Huwa ddisinja s-sezzjoni magħrufa illum il-ġurnata bħala s-sezzjoni tal-Belle Cheminée, magħrufa għaċ-ċmieni elaborati tagħha u ż-żewġ settijiet ta' taraġ faċċata ta' xulxin. Fl-1565, bħala miżura ta' sigurtà minħabba l-Gwerer tar-[[Reliġjon]], hija ordnat ukoll li jitħaffer ħandaq madwar il-palazz biex jipproteġih minn xi attakk.&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt;

=== Palazz ta' Enriku IV (1570-1610) ===
King Henry IV made more additions to the château than any King since François I. He extended the oval court toward the west by building two pavilions, called Tiber and Luxembourg. Between 1601 and 1606, he remade all the façades around the courtyard, including that of the chapel of Saint-Saturnin, to give the architecture greater harmony. On the east side, he built a new monumental domed gateway, the Porte du Baptistère. Between 1606 and 1609, he built a new courtyard, the Cour des Offices or Quartier Henry IV, to provide a place for the kitchens and residences for court officials. Two new galleries, the Galerie de Diane de Poitiers and the Galerie des Cerfs, were built to enclose the old garden of Diane. He also added a large ''jeu de paume'', or indoor tennis court, the largest such court existing in the world.

A &quot;second school of Fontainebleau&quot; of painters and decorators went to work on the interiors. The architect Martin Fréminet created the ornate chapel of the Trinity, while the painters Ambroise Dubois and Toussaint Dubreuil created a series of heroic paintings for the salons. A new wing, named for its central building, La Belle Cheminée, was built next to the large fish pond.

Henry IV also devoted great attention to the park and gardens around the Chateau. The garden of the Queen or garden of Diane, created by Catherine de' Medici, with the fountain of Diane in the center, was located on the north side of the palace. Henry IV's gardener, Claude Mollet, trained at Château d'Anet, created a large parterre of flower beds, decorated with ancient statues and separated by paths into large squares. The fountain of Diana and the grotto were made by Tommaso Francini, who may also have designed the Medici Fountain in the Luxembourg Garden for Marie de Medici. On the south side, Henry created a park, planted with pines, elms and fruit trees, and laid out a grand canal 1200 meters long, sixty years before Lwiġi XIV built his own grand canal at Versailles.

=== Il-Palazz minn Lwiġi XIII sa Lwiġi XIV ===
King Lwiġi XIII was born and baptized in the Château, and continued the works begun by his father. He completed the decoration of the chapel of the Trinity, and assigned the court architect Jean Androuet du Cerceau to reconstruct the horseshoe stairway earlier designed by Philibert Delorme on the courtyard that had become known as the Cour de Cheval Blanc. After his death, his widow, Anne of Austria, redecorated the apartments within the Wing of the Queen Mothers (Aile des Reines Mères) next to the Court of the Fountain, designed by Primatrice.

King Lwiġi XIV spent more days at Fontainebleau than any other monarch; he liked to hunt there every year at the end of summer and the beginning of autumn. He made few changes to the exterior of the château, but did build a new apartment for his companion Madame de Maintenon, furnished it with some major works of André-Charles Boulle and demolished the old apartments of the baths under the Gallery of François I to create new apartments for the royal princes, and he made some modifications to the apartments of the King. The architect Jules Hardouin-Mansard built a new wing alongside the Galerie des Cerfs and the Galerie de Diane to provide more living space for the Court. He did make major changes in the park and gardens; he commissioned André Le Nôtre and Lwiġi Le Vau to redesign the large parterre into a French formal garden. He removed the hanging garden which Henry IV had built next to the large fish pond, and instead built a pavilion, designed by Le Vau, on a small island in the center of the pond.

Lwiġi XIV signed the Edict of Fontainebleau at the Château on 22 October 1685, revoking the policy of tolerance towards Protestants begun by Henry IV. Lwiġi welcomed many foreign guests there, including the former Queen Christina of Sweden, who had just abdicated her crown. While a guest in the Château on 10 November 1657, Christina suspected her Master of the Horse and reputed lover, the Marchese Gian Rinaldo Monaldeschi, of betraying her secrets to her enemies. Her servants chased him through the halls of the Château and stabbed him to death. Lwiġi XIV came to see her at the Château, did not mention the murder, and allowed her to continue her travels.

On May 19–20, 1717, during the Regency following the death of Lwiġi XIV, the Russian Czar Peter the Great was a guest at Fontainebleau. A hunt for stags was organized for him, and a banquet. Officially the visit was a great success. But in the memoirs published later by members of the delegation, it appears that Peter disliked the French style of hunting, and that he found the Château too small, compared with the other royal French residences. The routine of Fontainebleau also did not suit his tastes; he preferred beer to wine (and brought his own supply with him) and he liked to get up early, unlike the French Court.

The renovation projects of Lwiġi XV were more ambitious than those of Lwiġi XIV. To create more lodging for his enormous number of courtiers In 1737–38 the King built a new courtyard, called the Cour de la Conciergerie or the Cour des Princes, to the east of the Galerie des Cerfs. On the Cour du Cheval Blanc, the wing of the Gallery of Ulysses was torn down and gradually replaced by a new brick and stone building, built in stages in 1738–1741 and 1773–74, extending west toward the Pavilion and grotto of the pines.

Between 1750 and 1754, the King commissioned the architect Ange-Jacques Gabriel to build a new wing along the Cour de la Fontaine and the fish pond. The old Pavilion des Poeles was demolished and replaced by the Gros Pavilion, built of cream-colored stone. Lavish new apartments were created inside this building for the King and the Queen. The new meeting room for the Royal Council was decorated by the leading painters of the day, including François Boucher, Carle Vanloo, Jean-Baptiste Marie Pierre and Alexis Peyrotte. A magnificent small theater was created on the first floor of the wing of the Belle Cheminée.

King Lwiġi XVI also made additions to the château to create more space for his courtiers. A new building was constructed alongside the Gallery of François I; it created a large new apartment on the first floor, and a number of small apartments on the ground floor, but also blocked the windows on the north side of the Gallery of François I. The apartments of Queen Marie-Antoinette were redone, a Turkish-style salon was created for her in 1777, a room for games in 1786–1787, and a ''boudoir'' in the arabesque style. Lwiġi XVI and Marie-Antoinette made their last visit to Fontainebleau in 1786, on the eve of the French Revolution.

=== Il-Palazz matul ir-Rivoluzzjoni u l-Ewwel Imperu ===
During the French Revolution the Château did not suffer any significant damage, but all the furniture was sold at auction. The buildings were occupied by the Central School of the Department of Seine-et-Marne, until 1803, when Napoleon I installed a military school there. As he prepared to become Emperor, Napoleon wanted to preserve as much as possible the palaces and protocol of the Old Regime. He chose Fontainebleau as the site of his historic 1804 meeting with Pope Pius VII, who had travelled from Rome to crown Napoleon Emperor. Napoleon had a suite of rooms decorated for the Pope, and had the entire chateau refurnished and decorated. The bedroom of the Kings was transformed into a throne room for Napoleon. Apartments were refurnished and decorated for the Emperor and Empress in the new Empire style. The Cour du Cheval Blanc was renamed the Cour d'Honneur, or Courtyard of Honor. One wing facing the courtyard, the Aile de Ferrare, was torn down and replaced with an ornamental iron fence and gate, making the façade of the Palace visible. The gardens of Diane and the gardens of the Pines were replanted and turned into an English landscape garden by the landscape designer Maximillien Joseph Hurtault.

Napoleon's visits to Fontainebleau were not frequent, because he was occupied so much of the time with military campaigns. Between 1812 and 1814, the château served as a very elegant prison for Pope Pius VII. On 5 November 1810, the chapel of the château was used for the baptism of Napoleon's nephew, the future Napoleon III, with Napoleon serving as his godfather, and the Empress Marie-Lwiġie as his godmother.

Napoleon spent the last days of his reign at Fontainebleau, before abdicating there on 4 April 1814, under pressure from his marechals, Ney, Berthier, and Lefebvre. On 20 April, after failing in an attempt to commit suicide, he gave an emotional farewell to the soldiers of the Old Guard, assembled in the Court of Honor. Later, during the One Hundred Days, he stopped there on 20 March 1815.

In his memoires, written while in exile on Saint Helena, he recalled his time at Fontainebleau; “…the true residence of Kings, the house of the centuries. Perhaps it was not a rigorously architectural palace, but it was certainly a place of residence well thought out and perfectly suitable. It was certainly the most comfortable and happily situated palace in Europe.”

=== Il-Palazz matul ir-Ristorazzjoni u r-renju ta' Lwiġi-Filippu (1815-1848) ===
Following the restoration of the Monarchy, Kings Lwiġi XVIII and Charles X each stayed at Fontainebleau, but neither made any major changes to the palace. Lwiġi-Filippu was more active, both restoring some rooms and redecorating others in the style of his period. The Hall of the Guards and Gallery of Plates were redecorated in a Neo-Renaissance style, while the Hall of Columns, under the ballroom, was remade in a neoclassical style. He added new stained glass windows, made by the royal manufactory of Sèvres.

=== Il-Palazz matul it-Tieni Imperu ===
Emperor Napoleon III, who had been baptized at Fontainebleau, resumed the custom of long stays at Fontainebleau, particularly during the summer. Many of the historic rooms, such as the Galerie des Cerfs, were restored to something like their original appearance, while the private apartments were redecorated to suit the tastes of the Emperor and Empress. Numerous guest apartments were squeezed into unused spaces of the buildings. The old theater of the palace, built in the 18th century, was destroyed by a fire in the wing of the Belle Cheminée 1856. Between 1854 and 1857 the architect Hector Lefuel built a new theater in the style of Lwiġi XVI.

On the ground floor of the Gros Pavilion, the Empress Eugénie built a small but rich museum, containing gifts from the King of Siam in 1861, and works of art taken during the pillage of the Summer Palace in Beijing. It also featured paintings by contemporary artists, including Franz Xaver Winterhalter, and the sculptor Charles Henri Joseph Cordier. Close by, in the Lous XV wing, the Emperor established his office, and the Empress made her Salon of Lacquer. These were the last rooms created by the royal residents of Fontainebleau. In 1870, during the Franco-German War, the Empire fell, and the Château was closed.

=== Il-Palazz mit-Tielet Repubblika sa llum il-ġurnata ===
During the Franco-Prussian War, the palace was occupied by the Prussians on 17 September 1870, and briefly used as an army headquarters by Frederic Charles of Prussia from March 1871. Following the war, two of the buildings became the home of the advanced school of artillery and engineering of the French Army, which had been forced to leave Alsace when the province was annexed by Germany.  It was occasionally used as a residence by the Presidents of the Third Republic, and to welcome state guests including King Alexander I of Serbia (1891), King George I of Greece (1892) Leopold II of Belgium (1895) and King Alphonse XIII of Spain (1913). It also received a visit by the last survivor of its royal residents, the Empress Eugenie, on 26 June 1920.

The façades the major buildings received their first protection by classification as historic monuments on 20 August 1913. In 1923, following the First World War, it became home of the Écoles d'Art Américaines, schools of art and music, which still exist today. In 1927 it became a national museum. Between the wars the upper floors of the wing of the Belle Cheminée, burned in 1856, were rebuilt by a grant from the Rockefeller Foundation.

During World War II, it was occupied by the Germans on 16 June 1940, and occupied until 10 November, and again from 15 May to the end of October 1941. Following the war, part of the château became a headquarters of the Western Union and later NATO's Allied Forces Central Europe/Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe, until 1966.

The general restoration of the Chateau took place between 1964 and 1968 under President Charles DeGaulle and his Minister of Culture, Andre Malraux. It was classified as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1981. In 2006, the Ministry of Culture purchased the royal stables, and began their restoration.

Beginning in 2007, restoration began of the theater of the château, created by Napoleon III during the Second Empire. The project was funded by the government of Abu-Dhabi, and in exchange the theater was renamed for Sheik Khalifa Bin Zayed al Nahyan. It was inaugurated on 30 April 2014.

On 1 March 2015, the Chinese Museum of the château was robbed by professional thieves. They broke in at about six in the morning, and, despite alarms and video cameras, in seven minutes stole about fifteen of the most valuable objects in the collection, including the replica of the crown of Siam given by the Siamese government to Napoleon III, a Tibetan mandala, and an enamel chimera from the reign of the Qianlong Emperor (1736-1795).

== Sit ta' Wirt Dinji ==
[[Stampa:Chateau Fontainebleau.jpg|nofs|daqsminuri|551x551px|Il-faċċata tal-Palazz ta' Fontainebleau.]]
Il-Palazz u l-Park ta' Fontainebleau ġew iddeżinjati bħala Sit ta' Wirt Dinji tal-UNESCO fl-1981.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

Il-valur universali straordinarju tas-sit ġie rrikonoxxut abbażi ta' żewġ kriterji tal-għażla tal-UNESCO: il-'''kriterju (ii)''' &quot;Wirja ta' skambju importanti ta' valuri umani, tul perjodu ta' żmien jew fi ħdan żona kulturali fid-dinja, dwar l-iżviluppi fl-arkitettura jew it-teknoloġija, l-arti monumentali, l-ippjanar tal-bliet jew id-disinn tal-pajsaġġ&quot;; u l-'''kriterju (vi)''' &quot;Assoċjazzjoni diretta jew tanġibbli ma' avvenimenti jew ma' tradizzjonijiet ħajjin, ma' ideat jew ma' twemmin, jew ma' xogħlijiet artistiċi jew letterarji ta' valur universali straordinarju&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== Biblijografija ==

* Allain, Yves-Marie (2006). ''L'art des jardins en Europe'' (bil-Franċiż). Pariġi: Citadelles &amp; Mazenod. &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 2-85088-087-6&lt;/nowiki&gt;.

* Carlier, Yves (2010). ''Histoire du château de Fontainebleau'' (bil-Franċiż). Pariġi: Editions Jean-Paul Gisserot. &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 978-2-75580-022-7&lt;/nowiki&gt;.

* Dan, Pierre (1642). ''Le Trésor des merveilles de la Maison Royale de Fontainebleau''. Pariġi: S. Cramoisy. OCLC 457360433; copy at INHA.

* Morel, Pierre (1967). ''Aspects de la France - Fontainebleau''. Artaud.

* Pérouse de Montclos, Jean-Marie (2009). ''Le château de Fontainebleau'' (bil-Franċiż). Pariġi: Nouvelles Éditions Scala. &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 9782359880045&lt;/nowiki&gt;.

* Salmon, Xavier (2011). ''Fontainebleau- Vrai demeure des rois, maison des siècles'' (bil-Franċiż). Versailles: Artlys. &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 978-2-85495-442-5&lt;/nowiki&gt;.

* Séguin, Philippe (1990). ''Lwiġi Napoléon Le Grand'' (bil-Franċiż). Pariġi: Bernard Grasset. &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 2-246-42951-X&lt;/nowiki&gt;.

== Referenzi ==

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      <text bytes="23329" xml:space="preserve">[[Stampa:La salle du Trône (Château de Fontainebleau).jpg|daqsminuri|252x252px|Is-Sala tat-Tron ta' Napuljun Bonaparte fil-Palazz ta' Fontainebleau.]]
Il-'''Palazz ta' Fontainebleau''' (pronunzja bil-[[Lingwa Franċiża|Franċiż]]: ​[fɔ̃tɛnblo]; bil-Franċiż: ''Château de Fontainebleau''), jinsab 55 kilometru (34 mil) fix-Xlokk taċ-ċentru ta' [[Pariġi]], fil-komun ta' [[Fontainebleau]], u huwa wieħed mill-ikbar palazzi-kastelli rjali (bil-Franċiż: ''Château'') ta' [[Franza]]. Il-kastell [[Medjuevu|Medjevali]] u l-palazz sussegwenti ntużaw bħala r-residenza għall-monarki Franċiżi minn [[Lwiġi VII]] sa [[Napuljun III]]. [[François I]] u Napuljun kienu l-monarki li kellhom l-ikbar influwenza fuq il-palazz kif inhu llum il-ġurnata.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://www.parisdigest.com/france/fontainebleau.htm|titlu=Fontainebleau, the royal castle and forest near Paris|data=2019-12-26|sit=Paris Digest|lingwa=en|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sar [[mużew]] nazzjonali fl-1927 u fl-1981 tniżżel fil-lista tas-[[Sit ta' Wirt Dinji|Siti ta' Wirt Dinji]] tal-[[UNESCO]] għall-arkitettura unika u għall-importanza storika tiegħu.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/160/|titlu=Palace and Park of Fontainebleau|kunjom=Centre|isem=UNESCO World Heritage|sit=UNESCO World Heritage Centre|lingwa=en|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Storja ==

=== Palazz Medjevali (is-seklu 12) ===
[[Stampa:Le Grand Escalier à Fer de Cheval.jpg|daqsminuri|It-taraġ b'għamla ta' nagħla oriġinarjament inbena għal [[Enriku II]] minn [[Philibert de l'Orme]] bejn l-1547 u l-1559, u mbagħad inbena mill-ġdid għal [[Lwiġi XIII]] minn [[Jean Androuet du Cerceau]] għall-ħabta tal-1632-1634.]]
L-iżjed evidenza bikrija ta' kastell iffortifikat f'Fontainebleau jmur lura għall-1137.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;Salmon 2011, p. 7.&lt;/ref&gt; Sar residenza u loġġa tal-kaċċa ppreferuta tar-Rejiet ta' Franza minħabba l-abbundanza ta' [[Annimal|annimali]] selvaġġi u l-bosta fawwara fil-foresta ta' madwaru. L-isem oriġina minn waħda mill-ħafna fawwariet, il-funtana ta' Bliaud, li issa tinsab fil-ġnien Ingliż, qrib is-sezzjoni ta' [[Lwiġi XV ta’ Franza|Lwiġi XV]].&lt;ref&gt;Morel 1967, p. 28.&lt;/ref&gt; Intuża mir-Re Lwiġi VII, li għalih [[Thomas Becket]] ikkonsagra l-[[kappella]] fl-1169; minn [[Filippu II]]; minn [[Lwiġi IX]] (iktar 'il quddiem kanonizzat San Alwiġi), li bena sptar u kunvent, il-Couvent des Trinitaires, ħdejn il-kastell; u minn [[Filippu IV]], li twieled u [[Mewt|miet]] fil-kastell.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

=== Palazz Rinaxximentali ta' François I (1528-1547) ===
[[Stampa:Chateau de Fontainebleau Cour ovale.jpg|xellug|daqsminuri|243x243px|Il-Bitħa Ovali, bid-''donjon'' Medjevali fin-nofs, fdal tal-kastell oriġinali fejn kienu jinsabu l-appartamenti tar-Re.]]
Fis-seklu 15 il-kastell sarulu xi modifiki u rinnovazzjonijiet minn Isabella tal-[[Bavarja]], il-mara tar-Re [[Karlu VI ta' Asburgu|Karlu VI]], iżda l-istruttura Medjevali baqgħet essenzjalment intatta sar-renju ta' François I (1494-1547). Huwa kkummissjona lill-[[arkitett]] [[Gilles Le Breton]] biex jibni palazz bl-istil [[Rinaxximent|Rinaxximentali]] l-ġdid, importat reċentement mill-[[Italja]]. Le Breton ippreserva d-''donjon'' Medjevali antik, fejn kienu jinsabu l-appartamenti tar-Re, iżda inkorporah fil-Cour Ovale (bitħa ovali) bl-istil Rinaxximentali ġdid, li nbniet fuq il-pedamenti tal-kastell l-antik. Il-palazz kien jinkludi l-Porte Dorée [[Monument|monumentali]], bħala d-daħla tan-Nofsinhar tiegħu, b'taraġ Rinaxximentali monumentali, u l-Portique de Serlio, li jagħti aċċess għall-appartamenti rjali fuq in-naħa tat-Tramuntana.

Għall-ħabta tal-1528, François beda jibni l-Galerie François I, u b'hekk seta' jgħaddi direttament mill-appartamenti tiegħu għall-kappella tat-Trinitaires. Huwa qabbad lill-arkitett [[Sebastiano Serlio]] mill-Italja, u lill-pittur minn [[Firenze]] [[Giovanni Battista di Jacopo]], magħruf bħala Rosso Fiorentino, biex iżejjen il-gallerija l-ġdida. Bejn l-1533 u l-1539, Rosso Fiorentino mela l-gallerija b'affreski li jigglorifikaw lir-Re, b'gwarniċi bl-istukko mżejna b'riljiev għoli, u ''lambris'' skolpit mill-produttur tal-għamara [[Francesco Scibec da Carpi]]. Pittur Taljan ieħor, [[Francesco Primaticcio]] minn [[Bolonja|Bologna]], (&quot;Primatice&quot; għall-Franċiżi), ingħaqad iktar 'il quddiem fit-tiżjin tal-palazz. Flimkien, l-istil ta' tiżjin tagħhom sar magħruf bħala l-ewwel Skola ta' Fontainebleau. Din kienet l-ewwel gallerija mżejna kbira li nbniet fi Franza. Inġenerali, permezz ta' Fontainebleau r-Rinaxximent ġie introdott fi Franza.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;Salmon 2011, p. 8.&lt;/ref&gt;

Għall-ħabta tal-1540, François beda jaħdem fuq żieda oħra mal-palazz. Billi uża l-art fuq in-naħa tal-Lvant tal-palazz, li xtara mill-Ordni tat-Trinitaires, huwa beda jibni sezzjoni kwadra ġdida ta' binjiet madwar bitħa kbira. Din kienet konfinata lejn it-Tramuntana mis-sezzjoni tal-Ministri, lejn il-Lvant mis-sezzjoni ta' [[Ferrara]], u lejn in-Nofsinhar minn sezzjoni b'gallerija ġdida ta' [[Ulisse]]. Il-palazz ġie mdawwar minn park ġdid bl-istil tal-ġnien Rinaxximentali Taljan, bil-paviljuni u bl-ewwel grotta fi Franza. Primaticcio ħoloq affreski monumentali oħra għall-gallerija ta' Ulisse.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;

=== Palazz ta' Enriku II u Katerina de' Medici (1547-1570) ===
[[Stampa:Château de Fontainebleau 2011 (262).JPG|daqsminuri|255x255px|Il-Gallerija ta' François I, li tikkollega l-appartamenti tar-Re mal-kappella, imżejna bejn l-1533 u l-1539, li introduċiet l-istil Rinaxximentali Taljan fi Franza.]]
Wara l-[[mewt]] ta' François I, ir-Re Enriku II ddeċieda li jkompli jkabbar il-palazz. Ir-Re u martu għażla l-arkitetti Philibert de l'Orme u Jean Bullant biex iwettqu dan ix-xogħol. Huma estendew is-sezzjoni tal-Lvant tal-qorti t'isfel u żejnuha bl-ewwel taraġ famuż b'għamla ta' nagħla. Fil-bitħa ovali, huma ttrasformaw il-loġġa ppjanata minn François f'Sala tal-Festi jew Sala tal-Ballu b'saqaf bis-suffitt bil-kaxxi. Faċċata tal-bitħa tal-funtana u tal-għadira bil-ħut, huma ddisinjaw binja ġdida, il-Pavillon des Poeles (li nqered), biex jospita l-appartamenti l-ġodda tar-Re. It-tiżjin tas-sala tal-ballu l-ġdida u tal-gallerija ta' Ulisse bl-affreski ta' Francesco Primaticcio u l-istukko skolpit kompla, taħt it-tmexxija tal-pitturi Manjeristi Primaticcio u [[Niccolò dell'Abbate]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;Salmon 2011, p. 9.&lt;/ref&gt; Skont l-ordnijiet ta' Enriku, in-''Nymphe de Fontainebleau'' ta' [[Benvenuto Cellini]] ġiet installata fid-daħla ta' Château d'Anet, ir-residenza primarja tal-maħbuba primarja ta' Enriku, [[Diane de Poitiers]] (il-lunetta oriġinali tal-bronż issa tinsab fil-[[Mużew]] ta' [[Louvre]], u minflokha hemm replika).&lt;ref&gt;Pérouse de Montclos 2009, p. 31.&lt;/ref&gt; Il-palazz kien ukoll il-post fejn twieled François II ta' Franza, l-ewwel iben tar-Re Enriku II.

Wara l-mewt ta' Enriku II f'inċident fil-ġostra, il-mara tiegħu li spiċċat armla, [[Katerina de' Medici]], kompliet bil-kostruzzjoni u t-tiżjin tal-palazz. Hija ddeżinjat lil Primaticcio bħala s-sovraintendent il-ġdid tax-xogħlijiet pubbliċi rjali. Huwa ddisinja s-sezzjoni magħrufa illum il-ġurnata bħala s-sezzjoni tal-Belle Cheminée, magħrufa għaċ-ċmieni elaborati tagħha u ż-żewġ settijiet ta' taraġ faċċata ta' xulxin. Fl-1565, bħala miżura ta' sigurtà minħabba l-Gwerer tar-[[Reliġjon]], hija ordnat ukoll li jitħaffer ħandaq madwar il-palazz biex jipproteġih minn xi attakk.&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt;

=== Palazz ta' Enriku IV (1570-1610) ===
King Henry IV made more additions to the château than any King since François I. He extended the oval court toward the west by building two pavilions, called Tiber and Luxembourg. Between 1601 and 1606, he remade all the façades around the courtyard, including that of the chapel of Saint-Saturnin, to give the architecture greater harmony. On the east side, he built a new monumental domed gateway, the Porte du Baptistère. Between 1606 and 1609, he built a new courtyard, the Cour des Offices or Quartier Henry IV, to provide a place for the kitchens and residences for court officials. Two new galleries, the Galerie de Diane de Poitiers and the Galerie des Cerfs, were built to enclose the old garden of Diane. He also added a large ''jeu de paume'', or indoor tennis court, the largest such court existing in the world.

A &quot;second school of Fontainebleau&quot; of painters and decorators went to work on the interiors. The architect Martin Fréminet created the ornate chapel of the Trinity, while the painters Ambroise Dubois and Toussaint Dubreuil created a series of heroic paintings for the salons. A new wing, named for its central building, La Belle Cheminée, was built next to the large fish pond.

Henry IV also devoted great attention to the park and gardens around the Chateau. The garden of the Queen or garden of Diane, created by Catherine de' Medici, with the fountain of Diane in the center, was located on the north side of the palace. Henry IV's gardener, Claude Mollet, trained at Château d'Anet, created a large parterre of flower beds, decorated with ancient statues and separated by paths into large squares. The fountain of Diana and the grotto were made by Tommaso Francini, who may also have designed the Medici Fountain in the Luxembourg Garden for Marie de Medici. On the south side, Henry created a park, planted with pines, elms and fruit trees, and laid out a grand canal 1200 meters long, sixty years before Lwiġi XIV built his own grand canal at Versailles.

=== Il-Palazz minn Lwiġi XIII sa Lwiġi XIV ===
King Lwiġi XIII was born and baptized in the Château, and continued the works begun by his father. He completed the decoration of the chapel of the Trinity, and assigned the court architect Jean Androuet du Cerceau to reconstruct the horseshoe stairway earlier designed by Philibert Delorme on the courtyard that had become known as the Cour de Cheval Blanc. After his death, his widow, Anne of Austria, redecorated the apartments within the Wing of the Queen Mothers (Aile des Reines Mères) next to the Court of the Fountain, designed by Primatrice.

King Lwiġi XIV spent more days at Fontainebleau than any other monarch; he liked to hunt there every year at the end of summer and the beginning of autumn. He made few changes to the exterior of the château, but did build a new apartment for his companion Madame de Maintenon, furnished it with some major works of André-Charles Boulle and demolished the old apartments of the baths under the Gallery of François I to create new apartments for the royal princes, and he made some modifications to the apartments of the King. The architect Jules Hardouin-Mansard built a new wing alongside the Galerie des Cerfs and the Galerie de Diane to provide more living space for the Court. He did make major changes in the park and gardens; he commissioned André Le Nôtre and Lwiġi Le Vau to redesign the large parterre into a French formal garden. He removed the hanging garden which Henry IV had built next to the large fish pond, and instead built a pavilion, designed by Le Vau, on a small island in the center of the pond.

Lwiġi XIV signed the Edict of Fontainebleau at the Château on 22 October 1685, revoking the policy of tolerance towards Protestants begun by Henry IV. Lwiġi welcomed many foreign guests there, including the former Queen Christina of Sweden, who had just abdicated her crown. While a guest in the Château on 10 November 1657, Christina suspected her Master of the Horse and reputed lover, the Marchese Gian Rinaldo Monaldeschi, of betraying her secrets to her enemies. Her servants chased him through the halls of the Château and stabbed him to death. Lwiġi XIV came to see her at the Château, did not mention the murder, and allowed her to continue her travels.

On May 19–20, 1717, during the Regency following the death of Lwiġi XIV, the Russian Czar Peter the Great was a guest at Fontainebleau. A hunt for stags was organized for him, and a banquet. Officially the visit was a great success. But in the memoirs published later by members of the delegation, it appears that Peter disliked the French style of hunting, and that he found the Château too small, compared with the other royal French residences. The routine of Fontainebleau also did not suit his tastes; he preferred beer to wine (and brought his own supply with him) and he liked to get up early, unlike the French Court.

The renovation projects of Lwiġi XV were more ambitious than those of Lwiġi XIV. To create more lodging for his enormous number of courtiers In 1737–38 the King built a new courtyard, called the Cour de la Conciergerie or the Cour des Princes, to the east of the Galerie des Cerfs. On the Cour du Cheval Blanc, the wing of the Gallery of Ulysses was torn down and gradually replaced by a new brick and stone building, built in stages in 1738–1741 and 1773–74, extending west toward the Pavilion and grotto of the pines.

Between 1750 and 1754, the King commissioned the architect Ange-Jacques Gabriel to build a new wing along the Cour de la Fontaine and the fish pond. The old Pavilion des Poeles was demolished and replaced by the Gros Pavilion, built of cream-colored stone. Lavish new apartments were created inside this building for the King and the Queen. The new meeting room for the Royal Council was decorated by the leading painters of the day, including François Boucher, Carle Vanloo, Jean-Baptiste Marie Pierre and Alexis Peyrotte. A magnificent small theater was created on the first floor of the wing of the Belle Cheminée.

King Lwiġi XVI also made additions to the château to create more space for his courtiers. A new building was constructed alongside the Gallery of François I; it created a large new apartment on the first floor, and a number of small apartments on the ground floor, but also blocked the windows on the north side of the Gallery of François I. The apartments of Queen Marie-Antoinette were redone, a Turkish-style salon was created for her in 1777, a room for games in 1786–1787, and a ''boudoir'' in the arabesque style. Lwiġi XVI and Marie-Antoinette made their last visit to Fontainebleau in 1786, on the eve of the French Revolution.

=== Il-Palazz matul ir-Rivoluzzjoni u l-Ewwel Imperu ===
During the French Revolution the Château did not suffer any significant damage, but all the furniture was sold at auction. The buildings were occupied by the Central School of the Department of Seine-et-Marne, until 1803, when Napoleon I installed a military school there. As he prepared to become Emperor, Napoleon wanted to preserve as much as possible the palaces and protocol of the Old Regime. He chose Fontainebleau as the site of his historic 1804 meeting with Pope Pius VII, who had travelled from Rome to crown Napoleon Emperor. Napoleon had a suite of rooms decorated for the Pope, and had the entire chateau refurnished and decorated. The bedroom of the Kings was transformed into a throne room for Napoleon. Apartments were refurnished and decorated for the Emperor and Empress in the new Empire style. The Cour du Cheval Blanc was renamed the Cour d'Honneur, or Courtyard of Honor. One wing facing the courtyard, the Aile de Ferrare, was torn down and replaced with an ornamental iron fence and gate, making the façade of the Palace visible. The gardens of Diane and the gardens of the Pines were replanted and turned into an English landscape garden by the landscape designer Maximillien Joseph Hurtault.

Napoleon's visits to Fontainebleau were not frequent, because he was occupied so much of the time with military campaigns. Between 1812 and 1814, the château served as a very elegant prison for Pope Pius VII. On 5 November 1810, the chapel of the château was used for the baptism of Napoleon's nephew, the future Napoleon III, with Napoleon serving as his godfather, and the Empress Marie-Lwiġie as his godmother.

Napoleon spent the last days of his reign at Fontainebleau, before abdicating there on 4 April 1814, under pressure from his marechals, Ney, Berthier, and Lefebvre. On 20 April, after failing in an attempt to commit suicide, he gave an emotional farewell to the soldiers of the Old Guard, assembled in the Court of Honor. Later, during the One Hundred Days, he stopped there on 20 March 1815.

In his memoires, written while in exile on Saint Helena, he recalled his time at Fontainebleau; “…the true residence of Kings, the house of the centuries. Perhaps it was not a rigorously architectural palace, but it was certainly a place of residence well thought out and perfectly suitable. It was certainly the most comfortable and happily situated palace in Europe.”

=== Il-Palazz matul ir-Ristorazzjoni u r-renju ta' Lwiġi-Filippu (1815-1848) ===
Following the restoration of the Monarchy, Kings Lwiġi XVIII and Charles X each stayed at Fontainebleau, but neither made any major changes to the palace. Lwiġi-Filippu was more active, both restoring some rooms and redecorating others in the style of his period. The Hall of the Guards and Gallery of Plates were redecorated in a Neo-Renaissance style, while the Hall of Columns, under the ballroom, was remade in a neoclassical style. He added new stained glass windows, made by the royal manufactory of Sèvres.

=== Il-Palazz matul it-Tieni Imperu ===
Emperor Napoleon III, who had been baptized at Fontainebleau, resumed the custom of long stays at Fontainebleau, particularly during the summer. Many of the historic rooms, such as the Galerie des Cerfs, were restored to something like their original appearance, while the private apartments were redecorated to suit the tastes of the Emperor and Empress. Numerous guest apartments were squeezed into unused spaces of the buildings. The old theater of the palace, built in the 18th century, was destroyed by a fire in the wing of the Belle Cheminée 1856. Between 1854 and 1857 the architect Hector Lefuel built a new theater in the style of Lwiġi XVI.

On the ground floor of the Gros Pavilion, the Empress Eugénie built a small but rich museum, containing gifts from the King of Siam in 1861, and works of art taken during the pillage of the Summer Palace in Beijing. It also featured paintings by contemporary artists, including Franz Xaver Winterhalter, and the sculptor Charles Henri Joseph Cordier. Close by, in the Lous XV wing, the Emperor established his office, and the Empress made her Salon of Lacquer. These were the last rooms created by the royal residents of Fontainebleau. In 1870, during the Franco-German War, the Empire fell, and the Château was closed.

=== Il-Palazz mit-Tielet Repubblika sa llum il-ġurnata ===
During the Franco-Prussian War, the palace was occupied by the Prussians on 17 September 1870, and briefly used as an army headquarters by Frederic Charles of Prussia from March 1871. Following the war, two of the buildings became the home of the advanced school of artillery and engineering of the French Army, which had been forced to leave Alsace when the province was annexed by Germany.  It was occasionally used as a residence by the Presidents of the Third Republic, and to welcome state guests including King Alexander I of Serbia (1891), King George I of Greece (1892) Leopold II of Belgium (1895) and King Alphonse XIII of Spain (1913). It also received a visit by the last survivor of its royal residents, the Empress Eugenie, on 26 June 1920.

The façades the major buildings received their first protection by classification as historic monuments on 20 August 1913. In 1923, following the First World War, it became home of the Écoles d'Art Américaines, schools of art and music, which still exist today. In 1927 it became a national museum. Between the wars the upper floors of the wing of the Belle Cheminée, burned in 1856, were rebuilt by a grant from the Rockefeller Foundation.

During World War II, it was occupied by the Germans on 16 June 1940, and occupied until 10 November, and again from 15 May to the end of October 1941. Following the war, part of the château became a headquarters of the Western Union and later NATO's Allied Forces Central Europe/Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe, until 1966.

The general restoration of the Chateau took place between 1964 and 1968 under President Charles DeGaulle and his Minister of Culture, Andre Malraux. It was classified as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1981. In 2006, the Ministry of Culture purchased the royal stables, and began their restoration.

Beginning in 2007, restoration began of the theater of the château, created by Napoleon III during the Second Empire. The project was funded by the government of Abu-Dhabi, and in exchange the theater was renamed for Sheik Khalifa Bin Zayed al Nahyan. It was inaugurated on 30 April 2014.

On 1 March 2015, the Chinese Museum of the château was robbed by professional thieves. They broke in at about six in the morning, and, despite alarms and video cameras, in seven minutes stole about fifteen of the most valuable objects in the collection, including the replica of the crown of Siam given by the Siamese government to Napoleon III, a Tibetan mandala, and an enamel chimera from the reign of the Qianlong Emperor (1736-1795).

== Sit ta' Wirt Dinji ==
[[Stampa:Chateau Fontainebleau.jpg|nofs|daqsminuri|551x551px|Il-faċċata tal-Palazz ta' Fontainebleau.]]
Il-Palazz u l-Park ta' Fontainebleau ġew iddeżinjati bħala Sit ta' Wirt Dinji tal-UNESCO fl-1981.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

Il-valur universali straordinarju tas-sit ġie rrikonoxxut abbażi ta' żewġ kriterji tal-għażla tal-UNESCO: il-'''kriterju (ii)''' &quot;Wirja ta' skambju importanti ta' valuri umani, tul perjodu ta' żmien jew fi ħdan żona kulturali fid-dinja, dwar l-iżviluppi fl-arkitettura jew it-teknoloġija, l-arti monumentali, l-ippjanar tal-bliet jew id-disinn tal-pajsaġġ&quot;; u l-'''kriterju (vi)''' &quot;Assoċjazzjoni diretta jew tanġibbli ma' avvenimenti jew ma' tradizzjonijiet ħajjin, ma' ideat jew ma' twemmin, jew ma' xogħlijiet artistiċi jew letterarji ta' valur universali straordinarju&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== Biblijografija ==

* Allain, Yves-Marie (2006). ''L'art des jardins en Europe'' (bil-Franċiż). Pariġi: Citadelles &amp; Mazenod. &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 2-85088-087-6&lt;/nowiki&gt;.

* Carlier, Yves (2010). ''Histoire du château de Fontainebleau'' (bil-Franċiż). Pariġi: Editions Jean-Paul Gisserot. &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 978-2-75580-022-7&lt;/nowiki&gt;.

* Dan, Pierre (1642). ''Le Trésor des merveilles de la Maison Royale de Fontainebleau''. Pariġi: S. Cramoisy. OCLC 457360433; copy at INHA.

* Morel, Pierre (1967). ''Aspects de la France - Fontainebleau''. Artaud.

* Pérouse de Montclos, Jean-Marie (2009). ''Le château de Fontainebleau'' (bil-Franċiż). Pariġi: Nouvelles Éditions Scala. &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 9782359880045&lt;/nowiki&gt;.

* Salmon, Xavier (2011). ''Fontainebleau- Vrai demeure des rois, maison des siècles'' (bil-Franċiż). Versailles: Artlys. &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 978-2-85495-442-5&lt;/nowiki&gt;.

* Séguin, Philippe (1990). ''Lwiġi Napoléon Le Grand'' (bil-Franċiż). Pariġi: Bernard Grasset. &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 2-246-42951-X&lt;/nowiki&gt;.

== Referenzi ==

[[Kategorija:Siti ta' Wirt Dinji]]
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      <text bytes="23351" xml:space="preserve">[[Stampa:La salle du Trône (Château de Fontainebleau).jpg|daqsminuri|252x252px|Is-Sala tat-Tron ta' Napuljun Bonaparte fil-Palazz ta' Fontainebleau.]]
Il-'''Palazz ta' Fontainebleau''' (pronunzja bil-[[Lingwa Franċiża|Franċiż]]: ​[fɔ̃tɛnblo]; bil-Franċiż: ''Château de Fontainebleau''), jinsab 55 kilometru (34 mil) fix-Xlokk taċ-ċentru ta' [[Pariġi]], fil-komun ta' [[Fontainebleau]], u huwa wieħed mill-ikbar palazzi-kastelli rjali (bil-Franċiż: ''Château'') ta' [[Franza]]. Il-kastell [[Medjuevu|Medjevali]] u l-palazz sussegwenti ntużaw bħala r-residenza għall-monarki Franċiżi minn [[Lwiġi VII]] sa [[Napuljun III]]. [[François I]] u Napuljun kienu l-monarki li kellhom l-ikbar influwenza fuq il-palazz kif inhu llum il-ġurnata.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://www.parisdigest.com/france/fontainebleau.htm|titlu=Fontainebleau, the royal castle and forest near Paris|data=2019-12-26|sit=Paris Digest|lingwa=en|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sar [[mużew]] nazzjonali fl-1927 u fl-1981 tniżżel fil-lista tas-[[Sit ta' Wirt Dinji|Siti ta' Wirt Dinji]] tal-[[UNESCO]] għall-arkitettura unika u għall-importanza storika tiegħu.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/160/|titlu=Palace and Park of Fontainebleau|kunjom=Centre|isem=UNESCO World Heritage|sit=UNESCO World Heritage Centre|lingwa=en|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Storja ==

=== Palazz Medjevali (is-seklu 12) ===
[[Stampa:Le Grand Escalier à Fer de Cheval.jpg|daqsminuri|It-taraġ b'għamla ta' nagħla oriġinarjament inbena għal [[Enriku II]] minn [[Philibert de l'Orme]] bejn l-1547 u l-1559, u mbagħad inbena mill-ġdid għal [[Lwiġi XIII]] minn [[Jean Androuet du Cerceau]] għall-ħabta tal-1632-1634.]]
L-iżjed evidenza bikrija ta' kastell iffortifikat f'Fontainebleau jmur lura għall-1137.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;Salmon 2011, p. 7.&lt;/ref&gt; Sar residenza u loġġa tal-kaċċa ppreferuta tar-Rejiet ta' Franza minħabba l-abbundanza ta' [[Annimal|annimali]] selvaġġi u l-bosta fawwara fil-foresta ta' madwaru. L-isem oriġina minn waħda mill-ħafna fawwariet, il-funtana ta' Bliaud, li issa tinsab fil-ġnien Ingliż, qrib is-sezzjoni ta' [[Lwiġi XV ta’ Franza|Lwiġi XV]].&lt;ref&gt;Morel 1967, p. 28.&lt;/ref&gt; Intuża mir-Re Lwiġi VII, li għalih [[Thomas Becket]] ikkonsagra l-[[kappella]] fl-1169; minn [[Filippu II]]; minn [[Lwiġi IX]] (iktar 'il quddiem kanonizzat San Alwiġi), li bena sptar u kunvent, il-Couvent des Trinitaires, ħdejn il-kastell; u minn [[Filippu IV]], li twieled u [[Mewt|miet]] fil-kastell.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

=== Palazz Rinaxximentali ta' François I (1528-1547) ===
[[Stampa:Chateau de Fontainebleau Cour ovale.jpg|xellug|daqsminuri|243x243px|Il-Bitħa Ovali, bid-''donjon'' Medjevali fin-nofs, fdal tal-kastell oriġinali fejn kienu jinsabu l-appartamenti tar-Re.]]
Fis-seklu 15 il-kastell sarulu xi modifiki u rinnovazzjonijiet minn Isabella tal-[[Bavarja]], il-mara tar-Re [[Karlu VI ta' Asburgu|Karlu VI]], iżda l-istruttura Medjevali baqgħet essenzjalment intatta sar-renju ta' François I (1494-1547). Huwa kkummissjona lill-[[arkitett]] [[Gilles Le Breton]] biex jibni palazz bl-istil [[Rinaxximent|Rinaxximentali]] l-ġdid, importat reċentement mill-[[Italja]]. Le Breton ippreserva d-''donjon'' Medjevali antik, fejn kienu jinsabu l-appartamenti tar-Re, iżda inkorporah fil-Cour Ovale (bitħa ovali) bl-istil Rinaxximentali ġdid, li nbniet fuq il-pedamenti tal-kastell l-antik. Il-palazz kien jinkludi l-Porte Dorée [[Monument|monumentali]], bħala d-daħla tan-Nofsinhar tiegħu, b'taraġ Rinaxximentali monumentali, u l-Portique de Serlio, li jagħti aċċess għall-appartamenti rjali fuq in-naħa tat-Tramuntana.

Għall-ħabta tal-1528, François beda jibni l-Galerie François I, u b'hekk seta' jgħaddi direttament mill-appartamenti tiegħu għall-kappella tat-Trinitaires. Huwa qabbad lill-arkitett [[Sebastiano Serlio]] mill-Italja, u lill-pittur minn [[Firenze]] [[Giovanni Battista di Jacopo]], magħruf bħala Rosso Fiorentino, biex iżejjen il-gallerija l-ġdida. Bejn l-1533 u l-1539, Rosso Fiorentino mela l-gallerija b'affreski li jigglorifikaw lir-Re, b'gwarniċi bl-istukko mżejna b'riljiev għoli, u ''lambris'' skolpit mill-produttur tal-għamara [[Francesco Scibec da Carpi]]. Pittur Taljan ieħor, [[Francesco Primaticcio]] minn [[Bolonja|Bologna]], (&quot;Primatice&quot; għall-Franċiżi), ingħaqad iktar 'il quddiem fit-tiżjin tal-palazz. Flimkien, l-istil ta' tiżjin tagħhom sar magħruf bħala l-ewwel Skola ta' Fontainebleau. Din kienet l-ewwel gallerija mżejna kbira li nbniet fi Franza. Inġenerali, permezz ta' Fontainebleau r-Rinaxximent ġie introdott fi Franza.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;Salmon 2011, p. 8.&lt;/ref&gt;

Għall-ħabta tal-1540, François beda jaħdem fuq żieda oħra mal-palazz. Billi uża l-art fuq in-naħa tal-Lvant tal-palazz, li xtara mill-Ordni tat-Trinitaires, huwa beda jibni sezzjoni kwadra ġdida ta' binjiet madwar bitħa kbira. Din kienet konfinata lejn it-Tramuntana mis-sezzjoni tal-Ministri, lejn il-Lvant mis-sezzjoni ta' [[Ferrara]], u lejn in-Nofsinhar minn sezzjoni b'gallerija ġdida ta' [[Ulisse]]. Il-palazz ġie mdawwar minn park ġdid bl-istil tal-ġnien Rinaxximentali Taljan, bil-paviljuni u bl-ewwel grotta fi Franza. Primaticcio ħoloq affreski monumentali oħra għall-gallerija ta' Ulisse.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;

=== Palazz ta' Enriku II u Katerina de' Medici (1547-1570) ===
[[Stampa:Château de Fontainebleau 2011 (262).JPG|daqsminuri|255x255px|Il-Gallerija ta' François I, li tikkollega l-appartamenti tar-Re mal-kappella, imżejna bejn l-1533 u l-1539, li introduċiet l-istil Rinaxximentali Taljan fi Franza.]]
Wara l-[[mewt]] ta' François I, ir-Re Enriku II ddeċieda li jkompli jkabbar il-palazz. Ir-Re u martu għażla l-arkitetti Philibert de l'Orme u Jean Bullant biex iwettqu dan ix-xogħol. Huma estendew is-sezzjoni tal-Lvant tal-qorti t'isfel u żejnuha bl-ewwel taraġ famuż b'għamla ta' nagħla. Fil-bitħa ovali, huma ttrasformaw il-loġġa ppjanata minn François f'Sala tal-Festi jew Sala tal-Ballu b'saqaf bis-suffitt bil-kaxxi. Faċċata tal-bitħa tal-funtana u tal-għadira bil-ħut, huma ddisinjaw binja ġdida, il-Pavillon des Poeles (li nqered), biex jospita l-appartamenti l-ġodda tar-Re. It-tiżjin tas-sala tal-ballu l-ġdida u tal-gallerija ta' Ulisse bl-affreski ta' Francesco Primaticcio u l-istukko skolpit kompla, taħt it-tmexxija tal-pitturi Manjeristi Primaticcio u [[Niccolò dell'Abbate]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;Salmon 2011, p. 9.&lt;/ref&gt; Skont l-ordnijiet ta' Enriku, in-''Nymphe de Fontainebleau'' ta' [[Benvenuto Cellini]] ġiet installata fid-daħla ta' Château d'Anet, ir-residenza primarja tal-maħbuba primarja ta' Enriku, [[Diane de Poitiers]] (il-lunetta oriġinali tal-bronż issa tinsab fil-[[Mużew]] ta' [[Louvre]], u minflokha hemm replika).&lt;ref&gt;Pérouse de Montclos 2009, p. 31.&lt;/ref&gt; Il-palazz kien ukoll il-post fejn twieled François II ta' Franza, l-ewwel iben tar-Re Enriku II.

Wara l-mewt ta' Enriku II f'inċident fil-ġostra, il-mara tiegħu li spiċċat armla, [[Katerina de' Medici]], kompliet bil-kostruzzjoni u t-tiżjin tal-palazz. Hija ddeżinjat lil Primaticcio bħala s-sovraintendent il-ġdid tax-xogħlijiet pubbliċi rjali. Huwa ddisinja s-sezzjoni magħrufa illum il-ġurnata bħala s-sezzjoni tal-Belle Cheminée, magħrufa għaċ-ċmieni elaborati tagħha u ż-żewġ settijiet ta' taraġ faċċata ta' xulxin. Fl-1565, bħala miżura ta' sigurtà minħabba l-Gwerer tar-[[Reliġjon]], hija ordnat ukoll li jitħaffer ħandaq madwar il-palazz biex jipproteġih minn xi attakk.&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt;

=== Palazz ta' Enriku IV (1570-1610) ===
King Henry IV made more additions to the château than any King since François I. He extended the oval court toward the west by building two pavilions, called Tiber and Luxembourg. Between 1601 and 1606, he remade all the façades around the courtyard, including that of the chapel of Saint-Saturnin, to give the architecture greater harmony. On the east side, he built a new monumental domed gateway, the Porte du Baptistère. Between 1606 and 1609, he built a new courtyard, the Cour des Offices or Quartier Henry IV, to provide a place for the kitchens and residences for court officials. Two new galleries, the Galerie de Diane de Poitiers and the Galerie des Cerfs, were built to enclose the old garden of Diane. He also added a large ''jeu de paume'', or indoor tennis court, the largest such court existing in the world.

A &quot;second school of Fontainebleau&quot; of painters and decorators went to work on the interiors. The architect Martin Fréminet created the ornate chapel of the Trinity, while the painters Ambroise Dubois and Toussaint Dubreuil created a series of heroic paintings for the salons. A new wing, named for its central building, La Belle Cheminée, was built next to the large fish pond.

Henry IV also devoted great attention to the park and gardens around the Chateau. The garden of the Queen or garden of Diane, created by Catherine de' Medici, with the fountain of Diane in the center, was located on the north side of the palace. Henry IV's gardener, Claude Mollet, trained at Château d'Anet, created a large parterre of flower beds, decorated with ancient statues and separated by paths into large squares. The fountain of Diana and the grotto were made by Tommaso Francini, who may also have designed the Medici Fountain in the Luxembourg Garden for Marie de Medici. On the south side, Henry created a park, planted with pines, elms and fruit trees, and laid out a grand canal 1200 meters long, sixty years before Lwiġi XIV built his own grand canal at Versailles.

=== Il-Palazz minn Lwiġi XIII sa Lwiġi XIV ===
King Lwiġi XIII was born and baptized in the Château, and continued the works begun by his father. He completed the decoration of the chapel of the Trinity, and assigned the court architect Jean Androuet du Cerceau to reconstruct the horseshoe stairway earlier designed by Philibert Delorme on the courtyard that had become known as the Cour de Cheval Blanc. After his death, his widow, Anne of Austria, redecorated the apartments within the Wing of the Queen Mothers (Aile des Reines Mères) next to the Court of the Fountain, designed by Primatrice.

King Lwiġi XIV spent more days at Fontainebleau than any other monarch; he liked to hunt there every year at the end of summer and the beginning of autumn. He made few changes to the exterior of the château, but did build a new apartment for his companion Madame de Maintenon, furnished it with some major works of André-Charles Boulle and demolished the old apartments of the baths under the Gallery of François I to create new apartments for the royal princes, and he made some modifications to the apartments of the King. The architect Jules Hardouin-Mansard built a new wing alongside the Galerie des Cerfs and the Galerie de Diane to provide more living space for the Court. He did make major changes in the park and gardens; he commissioned André Le Nôtre and Lwiġi Le Vau to redesign the large parterre into a French formal garden. He removed the hanging garden which Henry IV had built next to the large fish pond, and instead built a pavilion, designed by Le Vau, on a small island in the center of the pond.

Lwiġi XIV signed the Edict of Fontainebleau at the Château on 22 October 1685, revoking the policy of tolerance towards Protestants begun by Henry IV. Lwiġi welcomed many foreign guests there, including the former Queen Christina of Sweden, who had just abdicated her crown. While a guest in the Château on 10 November 1657, Christina suspected her Master of the Horse and reputed lover, the Marchese Gian Rinaldo Monaldeschi, of betraying her secrets to her enemies. Her servants chased him through the halls of the Château and stabbed him to death. Lwiġi XIV came to see her at the Château, did not mention the murder, and allowed her to continue her travels.

On May 19–20, 1717, during the Regency following the death of Lwiġi XIV, the Russian Czar Peter the Great was a guest at Fontainebleau. A hunt for stags was organized for him, and a banquet. Officially the visit was a great success. But in the memoirs published later by members of the delegation, it appears that Peter disliked the French style of hunting, and that he found the Château too small, compared with the other royal French residences. The routine of Fontainebleau also did not suit his tastes; he preferred beer to wine (and brought his own supply with him) and he liked to get up early, unlike the French Court.

The renovation projects of Lwiġi XV were more ambitious than those of Lwiġi XIV. To create more lodging for his enormous number of courtiers In 1737–38 the King built a new courtyard, called the Cour de la Conciergerie or the Cour des Princes, to the east of the Galerie des Cerfs. On the Cour du Cheval Blanc, the wing of the Gallery of Ulysses was torn down and gradually replaced by a new brick and stone building, built in stages in 1738–1741 and 1773–74, extending west toward the Pavilion and grotto of the pines.

Between 1750 and 1754, the King commissioned the architect Ange-Jacques Gabriel to build a new wing along the Cour de la Fontaine and the fish pond. The old Pavilion des Poeles was demolished and replaced by the Gros Pavilion, built of cream-colored stone. Lavish new apartments were created inside this building for the King and the Queen. The new meeting room for the Royal Council was decorated by the leading painters of the day, including François Boucher, Carle Vanloo, Jean-Baptiste Marie Pierre and Alexis Peyrotte. A magnificent small theater was created on the first floor of the wing of the Belle Cheminée.

King Lwiġi XVI also made additions to the château to create more space for his courtiers. A new building was constructed alongside the Gallery of François I; it created a large new apartment on the first floor, and a number of small apartments on the ground floor, but also blocked the windows on the north side of the Gallery of François I. The apartments of Queen Marie-Antoinette were redone, a Turkish-style salon was created for her in 1777, a room for games in 1786–1787, and a ''boudoir'' in the arabesque style. Lwiġi XVI and Marie-Antoinette made their last visit to Fontainebleau in 1786, on the eve of the French Revolution.

=== Il-Palazz matul ir-Rivoluzzjoni u l-Ewwel Imperu ===
During the French Revolution the Château did not suffer any significant damage, but all the furniture was sold at auction. The buildings were occupied by the Central School of the Department of Seine-et-Marne, until 1803, when Napoleon I installed a military school there. As he prepared to become Emperor, Napoleon wanted to preserve as much as possible the palaces and protocol of the Old Regime. He chose Fontainebleau as the site of his historic 1804 meeting with Pope Pius VII, who had travelled from Rome to crown Napoleon Emperor. Napoleon had a suite of rooms decorated for the Pope, and had the entire chateau refurnished and decorated. The bedroom of the Kings was transformed into a throne room for Napoleon. Apartments were refurnished and decorated for the Emperor and Empress in the new Empire style. The Cour du Cheval Blanc was renamed the Cour d'Honneur, or Courtyard of Honor. One wing facing the courtyard, the Aile de Ferrare, was torn down and replaced with an ornamental iron fence and gate, making the façade of the Palace visible. The gardens of Diane and the gardens of the Pines were replanted and turned into an English landscape garden by the landscape designer Maximillien Joseph Hurtault.

Napoleon's visits to Fontainebleau were not frequent, because he was occupied so much of the time with military campaigns. Between 1812 and 1814, the château served as a very elegant prison for Pope Pius VII. On 5 November 1810, the chapel of the château was used for the baptism of Napoleon's nephew, the future Napoleon III, with Napoleon serving as his godfather, and the Empress Marie-Lwiġie as his godmother.

Napoleon spent the last days of his reign at Fontainebleau, before abdicating there on 4 April 1814, under pressure from his marechals, Ney, Berthier, and Lefebvre. On 20 April, after failing in an attempt to commit suicide, he gave an emotional farewell to the soldiers of the Old Guard, assembled in the Court of Honor. Later, during the One Hundred Days, he stopped there on 20 March 1815.

In his memoires, written while in exile on Saint Helena, he recalled his time at Fontainebleau; “…the true residence of Kings, the house of the centuries. Perhaps it was not a rigorously architectural palace, but it was certainly a place of residence well thought out and perfectly suitable. It was certainly the most comfortable and happily situated palace in Europe.”

=== Il-Palazz matul ir-Ristorazzjoni u r-renju ta' Lwiġi-Filippu (1815-1848) ===
Following the restoration of the Monarchy, Kings Lwiġi XVIII and Charles X each stayed at Fontainebleau, but neither made any major changes to the palace. Lwiġi-Filippu was more active, both restoring some rooms and redecorating others in the style of his period. The Hall of the Guards and Gallery of Plates were redecorated in a Neo-Renaissance style, while the Hall of Columns, under the ballroom, was remade in a neoclassical style. He added new stained glass windows, made by the royal manufactory of Sèvres.

=== Il-Palazz matul it-Tieni Imperu ===
Emperor Napoleon III, who had been baptized at Fontainebleau, resumed the custom of long stays at Fontainebleau, particularly during the summer. Many of the historic rooms, such as the Galerie des Cerfs, were restored to something like their original appearance, while the private apartments were redecorated to suit the tastes of the Emperor and Empress. Numerous guest apartments were squeezed into unused spaces of the buildings. The old theater of the palace, built in the 18th century, was destroyed by a fire in the wing of the Belle Cheminée 1856. Between 1854 and 1857 the architect Hector Lefuel built a new theater in the style of Lwiġi XVI.

On the ground floor of the Gros Pavilion, the Empress Eugénie built a small but rich museum, containing gifts from the King of Siam in 1861, and works of art taken during the pillage of the Summer Palace in Beijing. It also featured paintings by contemporary artists, including Franz Xaver Winterhalter, and the sculptor Charles Henri Joseph Cordier. Close by, in the Lous XV wing, the Emperor established his office, and the Empress made her Salon of Lacquer. These were the last rooms created by the royal residents of Fontainebleau. In 1870, during the Franco-German War, the Empire fell, and the Château was closed.

=== Il-Palazz mit-Tielet Repubblika sa llum il-ġurnata ===
During the Franco-Prussian War, the palace was occupied by the Prussians on 17 September 1870, and briefly used as an army headquarters by Frederic Charles of Prussia from March 1871. Following the war, two of the buildings became the home of the advanced school of artillery and engineering of the French Army, which had been forced to leave Alsace when the province was annexed by Germany.  It was occasionally used as a residence by the Presidents of the Third Republic, and to welcome state guests including King Alexander I of Serbia (1891), King George I of Greece (1892) Leopold II of Belgium (1895) and King Alphonse XIII of Spain (1913). It also received a visit by the last survivor of its royal residents, the Empress Eugenie, on 26 June 1920.

The façades the major buildings received their first protection by classification as historic monuments on 20 August 1913. In 1923, following the First World War, it became home of the Écoles d'Art Américaines, schools of art and music, which still exist today. In 1927 it became a national museum. Between the wars the upper floors of the wing of the Belle Cheminée, burned in 1856, were rebuilt by a grant from the Rockefeller Foundation.

During World War II, it was occupied by the Germans on 16 June 1940, and occupied until 10 November, and again from 15 May to the end of October 1941. Following the war, part of the château became a headquarters of the Western Union and later NATO's Allied Forces Central Europe/Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe, until 1966.

The general restoration of the Chateau took place between 1964 and 1968 under President Charles DeGaulle and his Minister of Culture, Andre Malraux. It was classified as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1981. In 2006, the Ministry of Culture purchased the royal stables, and began their restoration.

Beginning in 2007, restoration began of the theater of the château, created by Napoleon III during the Second Empire. The project was funded by the government of Abu-Dhabi, and in exchange the theater was renamed for Sheik Khalifa Bin Zayed al Nahyan. It was inaugurated on 30 April 2014.

On 1 March 2015, the Chinese Museum of the château was robbed by professional thieves. They broke in at about six in the morning, and, despite alarms and video cameras, in seven minutes stole about fifteen of the most valuable objects in the collection, including the replica of the crown of Siam given by the Siamese government to Napoleon III, a Tibetan mandala, and an enamel chimera from the reign of the Qianlong Emperor (1736-1795).

== Sit ta' Wirt Dinji ==
[[Stampa:Chateau Fontainebleau.jpg|nofs|daqsminuri|551x551px|Il-faċċata tal-Palazz ta' Fontainebleau.]]
Il-Palazz u l-Park ta' Fontainebleau ġew iddeżinjati bħala Sit ta' Wirt Dinji tal-UNESCO fl-1981.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

Il-valur universali straordinarju tas-sit ġie rrikonoxxut abbażi ta' żewġ kriterji tal-għażla tal-UNESCO: il-'''kriterju (ii)''' &quot;Wirja ta' skambju importanti ta' valuri umani, tul perjodu ta' żmien jew fi ħdan żona kulturali fid-dinja, dwar l-iżviluppi fl-arkitettura jew it-teknoloġija, l-arti monumentali, l-ippjanar tal-bliet jew id-disinn tal-pajsaġġ&quot;; u l-'''kriterju (vi)''' &quot;Assoċjazzjoni diretta jew tanġibbli ma' avvenimenti jew ma' tradizzjonijiet ħajjin, ma' ideat jew ma' twemmin, jew ma' xogħlijiet artistiċi jew letterarji ta' valur universali straordinarju&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== Biblijografija ==

* Allain, Yves-Marie (2006). ''L'art des jardins en Europe'' (bil-Franċiż). Pariġi: Citadelles &amp; Mazenod. &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 2-85088-087-6&lt;/nowiki&gt;.

* Carlier, Yves (2010). ''Histoire du château de Fontainebleau'' (bil-Franċiż). Pariġi: Editions Jean-Paul Gisserot. &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 978-2-75580-022-7&lt;/nowiki&gt;.

* Dan, Pierre (1642). ''Le Trésor des merveilles de la Maison Royale de Fontainebleau''. Pariġi: S. Cramoisy. OCLC 457360433; copy at INHA.

* Morel, Pierre (1967). ''Aspects de la France - Fontainebleau''. Artaud.

* Pérouse de Montclos, Jean-Marie (2009). ''Le château de Fontainebleau'' (bil-Franċiż). Pariġi: Nouvelles Éditions Scala. &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 9782359880045&lt;/nowiki&gt;.

* Salmon, Xavier (2011). ''Fontainebleau- Vrai demeure des rois, maison des siècles'' (bil-Franċiż). Versailles: Artlys. &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 978-2-85495-442-5&lt;/nowiki&gt;.

* Séguin, Philippe (1990). ''Lwiġi Napoléon Le Grand'' (bil-Franċiż). Pariġi: Bernard Grasset. &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 2-246-42951-X&lt;/nowiki&gt;.

== Referenzi ==

[[Kategorija:Siti ta' Wirt Dinji]]
[[Kategorija:Palazzi]]
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      <text bytes="24216" xml:space="preserve">[[Stampa:La salle du Trône (Château de Fontainebleau).jpg|daqsminuri|252x252px|Is-Sala tat-Tron ta' Napuljun Bonaparte fil-Palazz ta' Fontainebleau.]]
Il-'''Palazz ta' Fontainebleau''' (pronunzja bil-[[Lingwa Franċiża|Franċiż]]: ​[fɔ̃tɛnblo]; bil-Franċiż: ''Château de Fontainebleau''), jinsab 55 kilometru (34 mil) fix-Xlokk taċ-ċentru ta' [[Pariġi]], fil-komun ta' [[Fontainebleau]], u huwa wieħed mill-ikbar palazzi-kastelli rjali (bil-Franċiż: ''Château'') ta' [[Franza]]. Il-kastell [[Medjuevu|Medjevali]] u l-palazz sussegwenti ntużaw bħala r-residenza għall-monarki Franċiżi minn [[Lwiġi VII]] sa [[Napuljun III]]. [[François I]] u Napuljun kienu l-monarki li kellhom l-ikbar influwenza fuq il-palazz kif inhu llum il-ġurnata.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://www.parisdigest.com/france/fontainebleau.htm|titlu=Fontainebleau, the royal castle and forest near Paris|data=2019-12-26|sit=Paris Digest|lingwa=en|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sar [[mużew]] nazzjonali fl-1927 u fl-1981 tniżżel fil-lista tas-[[Sit ta' Wirt Dinji|Siti ta' Wirt Dinji]] tal-[[UNESCO]] għall-arkitettura unika u għall-importanza storika tiegħu.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/160/|titlu=Palace and Park of Fontainebleau|kunjom=Centre|isem=UNESCO World Heritage|sit=UNESCO World Heritage Centre|lingwa=en|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Storja ==

=== Palazz Medjevali (is-seklu 12) ===
[[Stampa:Le Grand Escalier à Fer de Cheval.jpg|daqsminuri|It-taraġ b'għamla ta' nagħla oriġinarjament inbena għal [[Enriku II]] minn [[Philibert de l'Orme]] bejn l-1547 u l-1559, u mbagħad inbena mill-ġdid għal [[Lwiġi XIII]] minn [[Jean Androuet du Cerceau]] għall-ħabta tal-1632-1634.]]
L-iżjed evidenza bikrija ta' kastell iffortifikat f'Fontainebleau jmur lura għall-1137.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;Salmon 2011, p. 7.&lt;/ref&gt; Sar residenza u loġġa tal-kaċċa ppreferuta tar-Rejiet ta' Franza minħabba l-abbundanza ta' [[Annimal|annimali]] selvaġġi u l-bosta fawwara fil-foresta ta' madwaru. L-isem oriġina minn waħda mill-ħafna fawwariet, il-funtana ta' Bliaud, li issa tinsab fil-ġnien Ingliż, qrib is-sezzjoni ta' [[Lwiġi XV ta’ Franza|Lwiġi XV]].&lt;ref&gt;Morel 1967, p. 28.&lt;/ref&gt; Intuża mir-Re Lwiġi VII, li għalih [[Thomas Becket]] ikkonsagra l-[[kappella]] fl-1169; minn [[Filippu II]]; minn [[Lwiġi IX]] (iktar 'il quddiem kanonizzat San Alwiġi), li bena sptar u kunvent, il-Couvent des Trinitaires, ħdejn il-kastell; u minn [[Filippu IV]], li twieled u [[Mewt|miet]] fil-kastell.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

=== Palazz Rinaxximentali ta' François I (1528-1547) ===
[[Stampa:Chateau de Fontainebleau Cour ovale.jpg|xellug|daqsminuri|243x243px|Il-Bitħa Ovali, bid-''donjon'' Medjevali fin-nofs, fdal tal-kastell oriġinali fejn kienu jinsabu l-appartamenti tar-Re.]]
Fis-seklu 15 il-kastell sarulu xi modifiki u rinnovazzjonijiet minn Isabella tal-[[Bavarja]], il-mara tar-Re [[Karlu VI ta' Asburgu|Karlu VI]], iżda l-istruttura Medjevali baqgħet essenzjalment intatta sar-renju ta' François I (1494-1547). Huwa kkummissjona lill-[[arkitett]] [[Gilles Le Breton]] biex jibni palazz bl-istil [[Rinaxximent|Rinaxximentali]] l-ġdid, importat reċentement mill-[[Italja]]. Le Breton ippreserva d-''donjon'' Medjevali antik, fejn kienu jinsabu l-appartamenti tar-Re, iżda inkorporah fil-Cour Ovale (bitħa ovali) bl-istil Rinaxximentali ġdid, li nbniet fuq il-pedamenti tal-kastell l-antik. Il-palazz kien jinkludi l-Porte Dorée [[Monument|monumentali]], bħala d-daħla tan-Nofsinhar tiegħu, b'taraġ Rinaxximentali monumentali, u l-Portique de Serlio, li jagħti aċċess għall-appartamenti rjali fuq in-naħa tat-Tramuntana.

Għall-ħabta tal-1528, François beda jibni l-Galerie François I, u b'hekk seta' jgħaddi direttament mill-appartamenti tiegħu għall-kappella tat-Trinitaires. Huwa qabbad lill-arkitett [[Sebastiano Serlio]] mill-Italja, u lill-pittur minn [[Firenze]] [[Giovanni Battista di Jacopo]], magħruf bħala Rosso Fiorentino, biex iżejjen il-gallerija l-ġdida. Bejn l-1533 u l-1539, Rosso Fiorentino mela l-gallerija b'affreski li jigglorifikaw lir-Re, b'gwarniċi bl-istukko mżejna b'riljiev għoli, u ''lambris'' skolpit mill-produttur tal-għamara [[Francesco Scibec da Carpi]]. Pittur Taljan ieħor, [[Francesco Primaticcio]] minn [[Bolonja|Bologna]], (&quot;Primatice&quot; għall-Franċiżi), ingħaqad iktar 'il quddiem fit-tiżjin tal-palazz. Flimkien, l-istil ta' tiżjin tagħhom sar magħruf bħala l-ewwel Skola ta' Fontainebleau. Din kienet l-ewwel gallerija mżejna kbira li nbniet fi Franza. Inġenerali, permezz ta' Fontainebleau r-Rinaxximent ġie introdott fi Franza.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;Salmon 2011, p. 8.&lt;/ref&gt;

Għall-ħabta tal-1540, François beda jaħdem fuq żieda oħra mal-palazz. Billi uża l-art fuq in-naħa tal-Lvant tal-palazz, li xtara mill-Ordni tat-Trinitaires, huwa beda jibni sezzjoni kwadra ġdida ta' binjiet madwar bitħa kbira. Din kienet konfinata lejn it-Tramuntana mis-sezzjoni tal-Ministri, lejn il-Lvant mis-sezzjoni ta' [[Ferrara]], u lejn in-Nofsinhar minn sezzjoni b'gallerija ġdida ta' [[Ulisse]]. Il-palazz ġie mdawwar minn park ġdid bl-istil tal-ġnien Rinaxximentali Taljan, bil-paviljuni u bl-ewwel grotta fi Franza. Primaticcio ħoloq affreski monumentali oħra għall-gallerija ta' Ulisse.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;

=== Palazz ta' Enriku II u Katerina de' Medici (1547-1570) ===
[[Stampa:Château de Fontainebleau 2011 (262).JPG|daqsminuri|255x255px|Il-Gallerija ta' François I, li tikkollega l-appartamenti tar-Re mal-kappella, imżejna bejn l-1533 u l-1539, li introduċiet l-istil Rinaxximentali Taljan fi Franza.]]
Wara l-[[mewt]] ta' François I, ir-Re Enriku II ddeċieda li jkompli jkabbar il-palazz. Ir-Re u martu għażla l-arkitetti Philibert de l'Orme u Jean Bullant biex iwettqu dan ix-xogħol. Huma estendew is-sezzjoni tal-Lvant tal-qorti t'isfel u żejnuha bl-ewwel taraġ famuż b'għamla ta' nagħla. Fil-bitħa ovali, huma ttrasformaw il-loġġa ppjanata minn François f'Sala tal-Festi jew Sala tal-Ballu b'saqaf bis-suffitt bil-kaxxi. Faċċata tal-bitħa tal-funtana u tal-vaska bil-ħut, huma ddisinjaw binja ġdida, il-Pavillon des Poeles (li nqered), biex jospita l-appartamenti l-ġodda tar-Re. It-tiżjin tas-sala tal-ballu l-ġdida u tal-gallerija ta' Ulisse bl-affreski ta' Francesco Primaticcio u l-istukko skolpit kompla, taħt it-tmexxija tal-pitturi Manjeristi Primaticcio u [[Niccolò dell'Abbate]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;Salmon 2011, p. 9.&lt;/ref&gt; Skont l-ordnijiet ta' Enriku, in-''Nymphe de Fontainebleau'' ta' [[Benvenuto Cellini]] ġiet installata fid-daħla ta' Château d'Anet, ir-residenza primarja tal-maħbuba primarja ta' Enriku, [[Diane de Poitiers]] (il-lunetta oriġinali tal-bronż issa tinsab fil-[[Mużew]] ta' [[Louvre]], u minflokha hemm replika).&lt;ref&gt;Pérouse de Montclos 2009, p. 31.&lt;/ref&gt; Il-palazz kien ukoll il-post fejn twieled François II ta' Franza, l-ewwel iben tar-Re Enriku II.

Wara l-mewt ta' Enriku II f'inċident fil-ġostra, il-mara tiegħu li spiċċat armla, [[Katerina de' Medici]], kompliet bil-kostruzzjoni u t-tiżjin tal-palazz. Hija ddeżinjat lil Primaticcio bħala s-sovraintendent il-ġdid tax-xogħlijiet pubbliċi rjali. Huwa ddisinja s-sezzjoni magħrufa illum il-ġurnata bħala s-sezzjoni tal-Belle Cheminée, magħrufa għaċ-ċmieni elaborati tagħha u ż-żewġ settijiet ta' taraġ faċċata ta' xulxin. Fl-1565, bħala miżura ta' sigurtà minħabba l-Gwerer tar-[[Reliġjon]], hija ordnat ukoll li jitħaffer ħandaq madwar il-palazz biex jipproteġih minn xi attakk.&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt;

=== Palazz ta' Enriku IV (1570-1610) ===
[[Stampa:Chateau de Fontainebleau 08.jpg|daqsminuri|242x242px|Il-Galerie des Cerfs (il-Gallerija taċ-Ċriev), li nbniet minn Enriku IV bejn l-1601 u l-1606.]]
Ir-Re [[Enriku IV]] għamel iktar żidiet fil-palazz minn kwalunkwe re minn żmien François I. Huwa estenda l-bitħa ovali lejn il-Punent billi bena żewġ paviljuni, imsejħin Tiber u Luxembourg. Bejn l-1601 u l-1606, huwa reġa' rrinnova l-faċċati kollha madwar il-bitħa, inkluż dik tal-Kappella ta' Saint-Saturnin, sabiex jagħti armonija aħjar lill-arkitettura. Fuq in-naħa tal-Lvant, huwa bena daħla monumentali ġdida, il-Porte du Baptistère. Bejn l-1606 u l-1609, huwa bena bitħa ġdida, il-Cour des Offices jew il-Kwartier ta' Enriku IV, sabiex jipprovdi spazju għall-kċejjen u għar-residenzi tal-uffiċjali tal-qorti. Inbnew ukoll żewġ galleriji ġodda, il-Galerie de Diane de Poitiers u l-Galerie des Cerfs, madwar il-ġnien antik ta' Diana. Huwa żied ukoll ''jeu de paume'' jew court intern kbir tat-[[tennis]], l-ikbar tat-tip tiegħu fid-dinja.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080625035334/http://jdpfontainebleau.free.fr/historiquecourt.html|titlu=Cercle du jeu de paume de fontainebleau / Historique du court|data=2008-06-25|sit=web.archive.org|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140517104104/http://jdpfontainebleau.com/|titlu=Cercle du jeu de paume de Fontainebleau|data=2014-05-17|sit=web.archive.org|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;&gt;Salmon 2011, p. 10.&lt;/ref&gt;

It-&quot;tieni skola ta' Fontainebleau&quot; ta' pitturi u ta' dekoraturi bdew jaħdmu fuq ġewwa tal-palazz. L-arkitett [[Martin Fréminet]] ħoloq il-Kappella elaborata tat-[[It-Trinità Mqaddsa|Trinità]], filwaqt li l-pitturi [[Ambroise Dubois]] u [[Toussaint Dubreuil]] ħolqu sensiela ta' pitturi erojċi għas-swali. Sezzjoni ġdida, imsejħa għall-binja ċentrali tagħha, La Belle Cheminée, inbniet ħdejn il-vaska l-kbira bil-ħut.

Enriku IV ta attenzjoni kbira wkoll lill-park u lill-ġonna madwar il-palazz. Il-ġnien tar-reġina jew il-ġnien ta' Diana, maħluq minn Katerina de' Medici, bil-funtana ta' Diana fin-nofs, ġie stabbilit fin-naħa tat-Tramuntana tal-palazz. Il-[[ġardinar]] ta' Enriku IV, [[Claude Mollet]], li tħarreġ fil-Palazz ta' Anet, ħoloq ''parterre'' kbir ta' fjuri, imżejjen bi [[Statwa|statwi]] antiki u sseparat b'mogħdijiet f'sezzjonijiet kwadri kbar. Il-funtana ta' Diana u l-grotta saru minn [[Tommaso Francini]], li jaf iddisinja wkoll il-Funtana tal-familja Medici fil-Ġnien tal-[[Lussemburgu]] għal [[Maria de' Medici]]. Fuq in-naħa tan-Nofsinhar, Enriku ħoloq park, imħawwel bis-siġar taż-żnuber, tal-elmu u tal-[[frott]], u bena kanal kbir twil 1,200 metru, sittin sena qabel ma Lwiġi XIV bena l-kanal il-kbir tiegħu stess fil-[[Palazz ta' Versailles]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot; /&gt;

=== Il-Palazz minn Lwiġi XIII sa Lwiġi XIV ===
Ir-re Lwiġi XIII was born and baptized in the Château, and continued the works begun by his father. He completed the decoration of the chapel of the Trinity, and assigned the court architect Jean Androuet du Cerceau to reconstruct the horseshoe stairway earlier designed by Philibert Delorme on the courtyard that had become known as the Cour de Cheval Blanc. After his death, his widow, Anne of Austria, redecorated the apartments within the Wing of the Queen Mothers (Aile des Reines Mères) next to the Court of the Fountain, designed by Primatrice.

King Lwiġi XIV spent more days at Fontainebleau than any other monarch; he liked to hunt there every year at the end of summer and the beginning of autumn. He made few changes to the exterior of the château, but did build a new apartment for his companion Madame de Maintenon, furnished it with some major works of André-Charles Boulle and demolished the old apartments of the baths under the Gallery of François I to create new apartments for the royal princes, and he made some modifications to the apartments of the King. The architect Jules Hardouin-Mansard built a new wing alongside the Galerie des Cerfs and the Galerie de Diane to provide more living space for the Court. He did make major changes in the park and gardens; he commissioned André Le Nôtre and Lwiġi Le Vau to redesign the large parterre into a French formal garden. He removed the hanging garden which Enriku IV had built next to the large fish pond, and instead built a pavilion, designed by Le Vau, on a small island in the center of the pond.

Lwiġi XIV signed the Edict of Fontainebleau at the Château on 22 October 1685, revoking the policy of tolerance towards Protestants begun by Enriku IV. Lwiġi welcomed many foreign guests there, including the former Queen Christina of Sweden, who had just abdicated her crown. While a guest in the Château on 10 November 1657, Christina suspected her Master of the Horse and reputed lover, the Marchese Gian Rinaldo Monaldeschi, of betraying her secrets to her enemies. Her servants chased him through the halls of the Château and stabbed him to death. Lwiġi XIV came to see her at the Château, did not mention the murder, and allowed her to continue her travels.

On May 19–20, 1717, during the Regency following the death of Lwiġi XIV, the Russian Czar Peter the Great was a guest at Fontainebleau. A hunt for stags was organized for him, and a banquet. Officially the visit was a great success. But in the memoirs published later by members of the delegation, it appears that Peter disliked the French style of hunting, and that he found the Château too small, compared with the other royal French residences. The routine of Fontainebleau also did not suit his tastes; he preferred beer to wine (and brought his own supply with him) and he liked to get up early, unlike the French Court.

The renovation projects of Lwiġi XV were more ambitious than those of Lwiġi XIV. To create more lodging for his enormous number of courtiers In 1737–38 the King built a new courtyard, called the Cour de la Conciergerie or the Cour des Princes, to the east of the Galerie des Cerfs. On the Cour du Cheval Blanc, the wing of the Gallery of Ulysses was torn down and gradually replaced by a new brick and stone building, built in stages in 1738–1741 and 1773–74, extending west toward the Pavilion and grotto of the pines.

Between 1750 and 1754, the King commissioned the architect Ange-Jacques Gabriel to build a new wing along the Cour de la Fontaine and the fish pond. The old Pavilion des Poeles was demolished and replaced by the Gros Pavilion, built of cream-colored stone. Lavish new apartments were created inside this building for the King and the Queen. The new meeting room for the Royal Council was decorated by the leading painters of the day, including François Boucher, Carle Vanloo, Jean-Baptiste Marie Pierre and Alexis Peyrotte. A magnificent small theater was created on the first floor of the wing of the Belle Cheminée.

King Lwiġi XVI also made additions to the château to create more space for his courtiers. A new building was constructed alongside the Gallery of François I; it created a large new apartment on the first floor, and a number of small apartments on the ground floor, but also blocked the windows on the north side of the Gallery of François I. The apartments of Queen Marie-Antoinette were redone, a Turkish-style salon was created for her in 1777, a room for games in 1786–1787, and a ''boudoir'' in the arabesque style. Lwiġi XVI and Marie-Antoinette made their last visit to Fontainebleau in 1786, on the eve of the French Revolution.

=== Il-Palazz matul ir-Rivoluzzjoni u l-Ewwel Imperu ===
During the French Revolution the Château did not suffer any significant damage, but all the furniture was sold at auction. The buildings were occupied by the Central School of the Department of Seine-et-Marne, until 1803, when Napoleon I installed a military school there. As he prepared to become Emperor, Napoleon wanted to preserve as much as possible the palaces and protocol of the Old Regime. He chose Fontainebleau as the site of his historic 1804 meeting with Pope Pius VII, who had travelled from Rome to crown Napoleon Emperor. Napoleon had a suite of rooms decorated for the Pope, and had the entire chateau refurnished and decorated. The bedroom of the Kings was transformed into a throne room for Napoleon. Apartments were refurnished and decorated for the Emperor and Empress in the new Empire style. The Cour du Cheval Blanc was renamed the Cour d'Honneur, or Courtyard of Honor. One wing facing the courtyard, the Aile de Ferrare, was torn down and replaced with an ornamental iron fence and gate, making the façade of the Palace visible. The gardens of Diane and the gardens of the Pines were replanted and turned into an English landscape garden by the landscape designer Maximillien Joseph Hurtault.

Napoleon's visits to Fontainebleau were not frequent, because he was occupied so much of the time with military campaigns. Between 1812 and 1814, the château served as a very elegant prison for Pope Pius VII. On 5 November 1810, the chapel of the château was used for the baptism of Napoleon's nephew, the future Napoleon III, with Napoleon serving as his godfather, and the Empress Marie-Lwiġie as his godmother.

Napoleon spent the last days of his reign at Fontainebleau, before abdicating there on 4 April 1814, under pressure from his marechals, Ney, Berthier, and Lefebvre. On 20 April, after failing in an attempt to commit suicide, he gave an emotional farewell to the soldiers of the Old Guard, assembled in the Court of Honor. Later, during the One Hundred Days, he stopped there on 20 March 1815.

In his memoires, written while in exile on Saint Helena, he recalled his time at Fontainebleau; “…the true residence of Kings, the house of the centuries. Perhaps it was not a rigorously architectural palace, but it was certainly a place of residence well thought out and perfectly suitable. It was certainly the most comfortable and happily situated palace in Europe.”

=== Il-Palazz matul ir-Ristorazzjoni u r-renju ta' Lwiġi-Filippu (1815-1848) ===
Following the restoration of the Monarchy, Kings Lwiġi XVIII and Charles X each stayed at Fontainebleau, but neither made any major changes to the palace. Lwiġi-Filippu was more active, both restoring some rooms and redecorating others in the style of his period. The Hall of the Guards and Gallery of Plates were redecorated in a Neo-Renaissance style, while the Hall of Columns, under the ballroom, was remade in a neoclassical style. He added new stained glass windows, made by the royal manufactory of Sèvres.

=== Il-Palazz matul it-Tieni Imperu ===
Emperor Napoleon III, who had been baptized at Fontainebleau, resumed the custom of long stays at Fontainebleau, particularly during the summer. Many of the historic rooms, such as the Galerie des Cerfs, were restored to something like their original appearance, while the private apartments were redecorated to suit the tastes of the Emperor and Empress. Numerous guest apartments were squeezed into unused spaces of the buildings. The old theater of the palace, built in the 18th century, was destroyed by a fire in the wing of the Belle Cheminée 1856. Between 1854 and 1857 the architect Hector Lefuel built a new theater in the style of Lwiġi XVI.

On the ground floor of the Gros Pavilion, the Empress Eugénie built a small but rich museum, containing gifts from the King of Siam in 1861, and works of art taken during the pillage of the Summer Palace in Beijing. It also featured paintings by contemporary artists, including Franz Xaver Winterhalter, and the sculptor Charles Henri Joseph Cordier. Close by, in the Lous XV wing, the Emperor established his office, and the Empress made her Salon of Lacquer. These were the last rooms created by the royal residents of Fontainebleau. In 1870, during the Franco-German War, the Empire fell, and the Château was closed.

=== Il-Palazz mit-Tielet Repubblika sa llum il-ġurnata ===
During the Franco-Prussian War, the palace was occupied by the Prussians on 17 September 1870, and briefly used as an army headquarters by Frederic Charles of Prussia from March 1871. Following the war, two of the buildings became the home of the advanced school of artillery and engineering of the French Army, which had been forced to leave Alsace when the province was annexed by Germany.  It was occasionally used as a residence by the Presidents of the Third Republic, and to welcome state guests including King Alexander I of Serbia (1891), King George I of Greece (1892) Leopold II of Belgium (1895) and King Alphonse XIII of Spain (1913). It also received a visit by the last survivor of its royal residents, the Empress Eugenie, on 26 June 1920.

The façades the major buildings received their first protection by classification as historic monuments on 20 August 1913. In 1923, following the First World War, it became home of the Écoles d'Art Américaines, schools of art and music, which still exist today. In 1927 it became a national museum. Between the wars the upper floors of the wing of the Belle Cheminée, burned in 1856, were rebuilt by a grant from the Rockefeller Foundation.

During World War II, it was occupied by the Germans on 16 June 1940, and occupied until 10 November, and again from 15 May to the end of October 1941. Following the war, part of the château became a headquarters of the Western Union and later NATO's Allied Forces Central Europe/Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe, until 1966.

The general restoration of the Chateau took place between 1964 and 1968 under President Charles DeGaulle and his Minister of Culture, Andre Malraux. It was classified as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1981. In 2006, the Ministry of Culture purchased the royal stables, and began their restoration.

Beginning in 2007, restoration began of the theater of the château, created by Napoleon III during the Second Empire. The project was funded by the government of Abu-Dhabi, and in exchange the theater was renamed for Sheik Khalifa Bin Zayed al Nahyan. It was inaugurated on 30 April 2014.

On 1 March 2015, the Chinese Museum of the château was robbed by professional thieves. They broke in at about six in the morning, and, despite alarms and video cameras, in seven minutes stole about fifteen of the most valuable objects in the collection, including the replica of the crown of Siam given by the Siamese government to Napoleon III, a Tibetan mandala, and an enamel chimera from the reign of the Qianlong Emperor (1736-1795).

== Sit ta' Wirt Dinji ==
[[Stampa:Chateau Fontainebleau.jpg|nofs|daqsminuri|551x551px|Il-faċċata tal-Palazz ta' Fontainebleau.]]
Il-Palazz u l-Park ta' Fontainebleau ġew iddeżinjati bħala Sit ta' Wirt Dinji tal-UNESCO fl-1981.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

Il-valur universali straordinarju tas-sit ġie rrikonoxxut abbażi ta' żewġ kriterji tal-għażla tal-UNESCO: il-'''kriterju (ii)''' &quot;Wirja ta' skambju importanti ta' valuri umani, tul perjodu ta' żmien jew fi ħdan żona kulturali fid-dinja, dwar l-iżviluppi fl-arkitettura jew it-teknoloġija, l-arti monumentali, l-ippjanar tal-bliet jew id-disinn tal-pajsaġġ&quot;; u l-'''kriterju (vi)''' &quot;Assoċjazzjoni diretta jew tanġibbli ma' avvenimenti jew ma' tradizzjonijiet ħajjin, ma' ideat jew ma' twemmin, jew ma' xogħlijiet artistiċi jew letterarji ta' valur universali straordinarju&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== Biblijografija ==

* Allain, Yves-Marie (2006). ''L'art des jardins en Europe'' (bil-Franċiż). Pariġi: Citadelles &amp; Mazenod. &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 2-85088-087-6&lt;/nowiki&gt;.

* Carlier, Yves (2010). ''Histoire du château de Fontainebleau'' (bil-Franċiż). Pariġi: Editions Jean-Paul Gisserot. &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 978-2-75580-022-7&lt;/nowiki&gt;.

* Dan, Pierre (1642). ''Le Trésor des merveilles de la Maison Royale de Fontainebleau''. Pariġi: S. Cramoisy. OCLC 457360433; copy at INHA.

* Morel, Pierre (1967). ''Aspects de la France - Fontainebleau''. Artaud.

* Pérouse de Montclos, Jean-Marie (2009). ''Le château de Fontainebleau'' (bil-Franċiż). Pariġi: Nouvelles Éditions Scala. &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 9782359880045&lt;/nowiki&gt;.

* Salmon, Xavier (2011). ''Fontainebleau- Vrai demeure des rois, maison des siècles'' (bil-Franċiż). Versailles: Artlys. &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 978-2-85495-442-5&lt;/nowiki&gt;.

* Séguin, Philippe (1990). ''Lwiġi Napoléon Le Grand'' (bil-Franċiż). Pariġi: Bernard Grasset. &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 2-246-42951-X&lt;/nowiki&gt;.

== Referenzi ==

[[Kategorija:Siti ta' Wirt Dinji]]
[[Kategorija:Palazzi]]
[[Kategorija:Franza]]</text>
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        <username>Trigcly</username>
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      <comment>/* Il-Palazz minn Lwiġi XIII sa Lwiġi XIV */ żieda kontenut</comment>
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      <text bytes="25787" xml:space="preserve">[[Stampa:La salle du Trône (Château de Fontainebleau).jpg|daqsminuri|252x252px|Is-Sala tat-Tron ta' Napuljun Bonaparte fil-Palazz ta' Fontainebleau.]]
Il-'''Palazz ta' Fontainebleau''' (pronunzja bil-[[Lingwa Franċiża|Franċiż]]: ​[fɔ̃tɛnblo]; bil-Franċiż: ''Château de Fontainebleau''), jinsab 55 kilometru (34 mil) fix-Xlokk taċ-ċentru ta' [[Pariġi]], fil-komun ta' [[Fontainebleau]], u huwa wieħed mill-ikbar palazzi-kastelli rjali (bil-Franċiż: ''Château'') ta' [[Franza]]. Il-kastell [[Medjuevu|Medjevali]] u l-palazz sussegwenti ntużaw bħala r-residenza għall-monarki Franċiżi minn [[Lwiġi VII]] sa [[Napuljun III]]. [[François I]] u Napuljun kienu l-monarki li kellhom l-ikbar influwenza fuq il-palazz kif inhu llum il-ġurnata.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://www.parisdigest.com/france/fontainebleau.htm|titlu=Fontainebleau, the royal castle and forest near Paris|data=2019-12-26|sit=Paris Digest|lingwa=en|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sar [[mużew]] nazzjonali fl-1927 u fl-1981 tniżżel fil-lista tas-[[Sit ta' Wirt Dinji|Siti ta' Wirt Dinji]] tal-[[UNESCO]] għall-arkitettura unika u għall-importanza storika tiegħu.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/160/|titlu=Palace and Park of Fontainebleau|kunjom=Centre|isem=UNESCO World Heritage|sit=UNESCO World Heritage Centre|lingwa=en|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Storja ==

=== Palazz Medjevali (is-seklu 12) ===
[[Stampa:Le Grand Escalier à Fer de Cheval.jpg|daqsminuri|It-taraġ b'għamla ta' nagħla oriġinarjament inbena għal [[Enriku II]] minn [[Philibert de l'Orme]] bejn l-1547 u l-1559, u mbagħad inbena mill-ġdid għal [[Lwiġi XIII]] minn [[Jean Androuet du Cerceau]] għall-ħabta tal-1632-1634.]]
L-iżjed evidenza bikrija ta' kastell iffortifikat f'Fontainebleau jmur lura għall-1137.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;Salmon 2011, p. 7.&lt;/ref&gt; Sar residenza u loġġa tal-kaċċa ppreferuta tar-Rejiet ta' Franza minħabba l-abbundanza ta' [[Annimal|annimali]] selvaġġi u l-bosta fawwara fil-foresta ta' madwaru. L-isem oriġina minn waħda mill-ħafna fawwariet, il-funtana ta' Bliaud, li issa tinsab fil-ġnien Ingliż, qrib is-sezzjoni ta' [[Lwiġi XV ta’ Franza|Lwiġi XV]].&lt;ref&gt;Morel 1967, p. 28.&lt;/ref&gt; Intuża mir-Re Lwiġi VII, li għalih [[Thomas Becket]] ikkonsagra l-[[kappella]] fl-1169; minn [[Filippu II]]; minn [[Lwiġi IX]] (iktar 'il quddiem kanonizzat San Alwiġi), li bena sptar u kunvent, il-Couvent des Trinitaires, ħdejn il-kastell; u minn [[Filippu IV]], li twieled u [[Mewt|miet]] fil-kastell.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

=== Palazz Rinaxximentali ta' François I (1528-1547) ===
[[Stampa:Chateau de Fontainebleau Cour ovale.jpg|xellug|daqsminuri|243x243px|Il-Bitħa Ovali, bid-''donjon'' Medjevali fin-nofs, fdal tal-kastell oriġinali fejn kienu jinsabu l-appartamenti tar-Re.]]
Fis-seklu 15 il-kastell sarulu xi modifiki u rinnovazzjonijiet minn Isabella tal-[[Bavarja]], il-mara tar-Re [[Karlu VI ta' Asburgu|Karlu VI]], iżda l-istruttura Medjevali baqgħet essenzjalment intatta sar-renju ta' François I (1494-1547). Huwa kkummissjona lill-[[arkitett]] [[Gilles Le Breton]] biex jibni palazz bl-istil [[Rinaxximent|Rinaxximentali]] l-ġdid, importat reċentement mill-[[Italja]]. Le Breton ippreserva d-''donjon'' Medjevali antik, fejn kienu jinsabu l-appartamenti tar-Re, iżda inkorporah fil-Cour Ovale (bitħa ovali) bl-istil Rinaxximentali ġdid, li nbniet fuq il-pedamenti tal-kastell l-antik. Il-palazz kien jinkludi l-Porte Dorée [[Monument|monumentali]], bħala d-daħla tan-Nofsinhar tiegħu, b'taraġ Rinaxximentali monumentali, u l-Portique de Serlio, li jagħti aċċess għall-appartamenti rjali fuq in-naħa tat-Tramuntana.

Għall-ħabta tal-1528, François beda jibni l-Galerie François I, u b'hekk seta' jgħaddi direttament mill-appartamenti tiegħu għall-kappella tat-Trinitaires. Huwa qabbad lill-arkitett [[Sebastiano Serlio]] mill-Italja, u lill-pittur minn [[Firenze]] [[Giovanni Battista di Jacopo]], magħruf bħala Rosso Fiorentino, biex iżejjen il-gallerija l-ġdida. Bejn l-1533 u l-1539, Rosso Fiorentino mela l-gallerija b'affreski li jigglorifikaw lir-Re, b'gwarniċi bl-istukko mżejna b'riljiev għoli, u ''lambris'' skolpit mill-produttur tal-għamara [[Francesco Scibec da Carpi]]. Pittur Taljan ieħor, [[Francesco Primaticcio]] minn [[Bolonja|Bologna]], (&quot;Primatice&quot; għall-Franċiżi), ingħaqad iktar 'il quddiem fit-tiżjin tal-palazz. Flimkien, l-istil ta' tiżjin tagħhom sar magħruf bħala l-ewwel Skola ta' Fontainebleau. Din kienet l-ewwel gallerija mżejna kbira li nbniet fi Franza. Inġenerali, permezz ta' Fontainebleau r-Rinaxximent ġie introdott fi Franza.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;Salmon 2011, p. 8.&lt;/ref&gt;

Għall-ħabta tal-1540, François beda jaħdem fuq żieda oħra mal-palazz. Billi uża l-art fuq in-naħa tal-Lvant tal-palazz, li xtara mill-Ordni tat-Trinitaires, huwa beda jibni sezzjoni kwadra ġdida ta' binjiet madwar bitħa kbira. Din kienet konfinata lejn it-Tramuntana mis-sezzjoni tal-Ministri, lejn il-Lvant mis-sezzjoni ta' [[Ferrara]], u lejn in-Nofsinhar minn sezzjoni b'gallerija ġdida ta' [[Ulisse]]. Il-palazz ġie mdawwar minn park ġdid bl-istil tal-ġnien Rinaxximentali Taljan, bil-paviljuni u bl-ewwel grotta fi Franza. Primaticcio ħoloq affreski monumentali oħra għall-gallerija ta' Ulisse.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;

=== Palazz ta' Enriku II u Katerina de' Medici (1547-1570) ===
[[Stampa:Château de Fontainebleau 2011 (262).JPG|daqsminuri|255x255px|Il-Gallerija ta' François I, li tikkollega l-appartamenti tar-Re mal-kappella, imżejna bejn l-1533 u l-1539, li introduċiet l-istil Rinaxximentali Taljan fi Franza.]]
Wara l-[[mewt]] ta' François I, ir-Re Enriku II ddeċieda li jkompli jkabbar il-palazz. Ir-Re u martu għażla l-arkitetti Philibert de l'Orme u Jean Bullant biex iwettqu dan ix-xogħol. Huma estendew is-sezzjoni tal-Lvant tal-qorti t'isfel u żejnuha bl-ewwel taraġ famuż b'għamla ta' nagħla. Fil-bitħa ovali, huma ttrasformaw il-loġġa ppjanata minn François f'Sala tal-Festi jew Sala tal-Ballu b'saqaf bis-suffitt bil-kaxxi. Faċċata tal-bitħa tal-funtana u tal-vaska bil-ħut, huma ddisinjaw binja ġdida, il-Pavillon des Poeles (li nqered), biex jospita l-appartamenti l-ġodda tar-Re. It-tiżjin tas-sala tal-ballu l-ġdida u tal-gallerija ta' Ulisse bl-affreski ta' Francesco Primaticcio u l-istukko skolpit kompla, taħt it-tmexxija tal-pitturi Manjeristi Primaticcio u [[Niccolò dell'Abbate]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;Salmon 2011, p. 9.&lt;/ref&gt; Skont l-ordnijiet ta' Enriku, in-''Nymphe de Fontainebleau'' ta' [[Benvenuto Cellini]] ġiet installata fid-daħla ta' Château d'Anet, ir-residenza primarja tal-maħbuba primarja ta' Enriku, [[Diane de Poitiers]] (il-lunetta oriġinali tal-bronż issa tinsab fil-[[Mużew]] ta' [[Louvre]], u minflokha hemm replika).&lt;ref&gt;Pérouse de Montclos 2009, p. 31.&lt;/ref&gt; Il-palazz kien ukoll il-post fejn twieled François II ta' Franza, l-ewwel iben tar-Re Enriku II.

Wara l-mewt ta' Enriku II f'inċident fil-ġostra, il-mara tiegħu li spiċċat armla, [[Katerina de' Medici]], kompliet bil-kostruzzjoni u t-tiżjin tal-palazz. Hija ddeżinjat lil Primaticcio bħala s-sovraintendent il-ġdid tax-xogħlijiet pubbliċi rjali. Huwa ddisinja s-sezzjoni magħrufa illum il-ġurnata bħala s-sezzjoni tal-Belle Cheminée, magħrufa għaċ-ċmieni elaborati tagħha u ż-żewġ settijiet ta' taraġ faċċata ta' xulxin. Fl-1565, bħala miżura ta' sigurtà minħabba l-Gwerer tar-[[Reliġjon]], hija ordnat ukoll li jitħaffer ħandaq madwar il-palazz biex jipproteġih minn xi attakk.&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt;

=== Palazz ta' Enriku IV (1570-1610) ===
[[Stampa:Chateau de Fontainebleau 08.jpg|daqsminuri|242x242px|Il-Galerie des Cerfs (il-Gallerija taċ-Ċriev), li nbniet minn Enriku IV bejn l-1601 u l-1606.]]
Ir-Re [[Enriku IV]] għamel iktar żidiet fil-palazz minn kwalunkwe re minn żmien François I. Huwa estenda l-bitħa ovali lejn il-Punent billi bena żewġ paviljuni, imsejħin Tiber u Luxembourg. Bejn l-1601 u l-1606, huwa reġa' rrinnova l-faċċati kollha madwar il-bitħa, inkluż dik tal-Kappella ta' Saint-Saturnin, sabiex jagħti armonija aħjar lill-arkitettura. Fuq in-naħa tal-Lvant, huwa bena daħla monumentali ġdida, il-Porte du Baptistère. Bejn l-1606 u l-1609, huwa bena bitħa ġdida, il-Cour des Offices jew il-Kwartier ta' Enriku IV, sabiex jipprovdi spazju għall-kċejjen u għar-residenzi tal-uffiċjali tal-qorti. Inbnew ukoll żewġ galleriji ġodda, il-Galerie de Diane de Poitiers u l-Galerie des Cerfs, madwar il-ġnien antik ta' Diana. Huwa żied ukoll ''jeu de paume'' jew court intern kbir tat-[[tennis]], l-ikbar tat-tip tiegħu fid-dinja.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080625035334/http://jdpfontainebleau.free.fr/historiquecourt.html|titlu=Cercle du jeu de paume de fontainebleau / Historique du court|data=2008-06-25|sit=web.archive.org|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140517104104/http://jdpfontainebleau.com/|titlu=Cercle du jeu de paume de Fontainebleau|data=2014-05-17|sit=web.archive.org|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;&gt;Salmon 2011, p. 10.&lt;/ref&gt;

It-&quot;tieni skola ta' Fontainebleau&quot; ta' pitturi u ta' dekoraturi bdew jaħdmu fuq ġewwa tal-palazz. L-arkitett [[Martin Fréminet]] ħoloq il-Kappella elaborata tat-[[It-Trinità Mqaddsa|Trinità]], filwaqt li l-pitturi [[Ambroise Dubois]] u [[Toussaint Dubreuil]] ħolqu sensiela ta' pitturi erojċi għas-swali. Sezzjoni ġdida, imsejħa għall-binja ċentrali tagħha, La Belle Cheminée, inbniet ħdejn il-vaska l-kbira bil-ħut.

Enriku IV ta attenzjoni kbira wkoll lill-park u lill-ġonna madwar il-palazz. Il-ġnien tar-reġina jew il-ġnien ta' Diana, maħluq minn Katerina de' Medici, bil-funtana ta' Diana fin-nofs, ġie stabbilit fin-naħa tat-Tramuntana tal-palazz. Il-[[ġardinar]] ta' Enriku IV, [[Claude Mollet]], li tħarreġ fil-Palazz ta' Anet, ħoloq ''parterre'' kbir ta' fjuri, imżejjen bi [[Statwa|statwi]] antiki u sseparat b'mogħdijiet f'sezzjonijiet kwadri kbar. Il-funtana ta' Diana u l-grotta saru minn [[Tommaso Francini]], li jaf iddisinja wkoll il-Funtana tal-familja Medici fil-Ġnien tal-[[Lussemburgu]] għal [[Maria de' Medici]]. Fuq in-naħa tan-Nofsinhar, Enriku ħoloq park, imħawwel bis-siġar taż-żnuber, tal-elmu u tal-[[frott]], u bena kanal kbir twil 1,200 metru, sittin sena qabel ma Lwiġi XIV bena l-kanal il-kbir tiegħu stess fil-[[Palazz ta' Versailles]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot; /&gt;

=== Il-Palazz minn Lwiġi XIII sa Lwiġi XIV ===
[[Stampa:Fontainebleau bird's eye view.jpg|xellug|daqsminuri|Id-disinn tal-palazz u tal-ġonna fil-bidu tas-seklu 17, ta' [[Tommaso Francini]], id-disinjatur tal-funtani.]]
Ir-Re Lwiġi XIII twieled u ġie mgħammed fil-palazz, u kompla x-xogħlijiet li kien beda missieru. Huwa lesta t-tiżjin tal-Kappella tat-Trinità, u ordna lill-arkitett tal-qorti [[Jean Androuet du Cerceau]] biex jibni mill-ġdid it-taraġ b'għamla ta' nagħla li qabel kien iddisinjat minn Philibert Delorme fil-bitħa li kienet magħrufa bħala l-Cour de Cheval Blanc. Wara mewtu, l-armla tiegħu, Anna tal-Awstrija, żejnet mill-ġdid l-appartamenti fi ħdan is-Sezzjoni tal-Irġejjen Omm (Aile des Reines Mères) maġenb il-Bitħa tal-Funtana, iddisinjata minn Primatrice.&lt;ref&gt;Salmon 2011, p. 12.&lt;/ref&gt;

Ir-re [[Lwiġi XIV ta' Franza|Lwiġi XIV]] qatta' iktar żmien fil-Palazz ta' Fontainebleau minn kwalunkwe monarka ieħor; kien iħobb jikkaċċja hemmhekk kull sena lejn l-aħħar tas-sajf u l-bidu tal-ħarifa. Ma tantx għamel bidliet fil-palazz minn barra, iżda bena appartament ġdid għall-maħbuba tiegħu s-Sinjura de Maintenon, għammru b'xogħlijiet maġġuri ta' [[André-Charles Boulle]] u waqqa' l-appartamenti l-antiki tal-banjijiet taħt il-Gallerija ta' François I biex jibni appartamenti ġodda għall-prinċpijiet irjali, b'xi modifiki fl-appartamenti tar-re. L-arkitett [[Jules Hardouin-Mansard]] bena sezzjoni ġdida maġenb il-Galerie des Cerfs u l-Galerie de Diane biex ikun hemm iktar spazju residenzjali għall-qorti. Huwa għamel bidliet kbar fil-park u fil-ġonna; ikkummissjona lil [[André Le Nôtre]] u Louis Le Vau biex jiddisinjaw il-parterre l-kbir mill-ġdid fi ġnien formali Franċiż. Huwa neħħa l-ġnien fuq il-kannizzati li Enriku IV kien bena ħdejn il-vaska l-kbira bil-ħut, u minflok bena paviljun, iddisinjat minn Le Vau, fuq gżira żgħira f'nofs il-vaska.
[[Stampa:Château de Fontainebleau 2011 (70).JPG|daqsminuri|283x283px|Il-Gros Pavilion fiċ-ċentru, li nbena minn Lwiġi XV għall-appartamenti rjali l-ġodda bejn l-1750 u l-1754.]]
Lwiġi XIV iffirma l-Editt ta' Fontainebleau fil-palazz fit-22 ta' Ottubru 1685, u rrevoka l-politika ta' tolleranza fir-rigward tal-[[Protestantiżmu|Protestanti]] li kien nieda Enriku IV. Lwiġi XIV laqa' bosta mistednin barranin fil-palazz, inkluż l-eks Reġina Christina tal-[[Żvezja|Iżvezja]], li kienet għadha kemm abdikat mit-tron. Meta kienet mistiedna fil-palazz fl-10 ta' Novembru 1657, Christina ssuspettat fil-maħbub tagħha u dak li kien jieħu ħsieb iż-[[Żiemel|żwiemel]], il-Markiż [[Gian Rinaldo Monaldeschi]], li kien qed jikxef is-sigrieti tagħha lill-għedewwa. Il-qaddejja tagħha ħebbew għalih fil-kurituri tal-palazz u qatluh b'daqqiet ta' sikkina. Lwiġi XIV ġie jaraha fil-palazz, ma semma xejn dwar il-qtil, u ħalliha tkompli bil-vjaġġi tagħha.

Fid-19 u fl-20 ta' Mejju 1717, matul ir-Reġġenza wara l-mewt ta' Lwiġi XIV, il-Ksar [[Russja|Russu]] [[Pietru l-Kbir]] kien mistieden fil-Palazz ta' Fontainebleau. Sessjoni ta' kaċċa għaċ-ċriev ġiet organizzata għalih, kif ukoll bankett. Uffiċjalment iż-żjara kienet suċċess kbir. Iżda fil-memorji ppubblikati iktar 'il quddiem mill-membri tad-delegazzjoni, milli jidher Pietru ma ħax pjaċir bl-istil ta' kaċċa tal-Franċiżi, u ħass li l-palazz kien żgħir wisq, meta mqabbel mar-residenzi rjali Franċiżi l-oħra. Ir-rutina tal-Palazz ta' Fontainebleau wkoll ma għoġbitux; huwa kien jippreferi l-birra minflok l-inbid (u ġab il-provvista tiegħu miegħu) u kien iħobb iqum kmieni, għad-differenza tal-qorti rjali Franċiża.&lt;ref&gt;Мезин С.А. Взгляд из Европы: французские авторы XVIII века о Петре I. Саратов, 2003. (bir-[[Lingwa Russa|Russu]]).&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Buvat J. Journal de la régence. T. 1. P. 269–270; Майков Л. Н. Современные рассказы... // Русский архив. 1881. Кн. 1, № 1. С. 12–13. (bir-Russu).&lt;/ref&gt;

Il-proġetti ta' rinnovazzjoni ta' [[Lwiġi XV ta’ Franza|Lwiġi XV]] kienu iktar ambizzjużi minn dawk ta' Lwiġi XIV. Sabiex joħloq iktar abitazzjonijiet għall-għadd enormi ta' membri tal-qorti rjali tiegħu, fl-1737-1738 ir-re bena bitħa ġdida, imsejħa l-Cour de la Conciergerie jew il-Cour des Princes, lejn il-Lvant tal-Galerie des Cerfs. Fil-Cour du Cheval Blanc, is-sezzjoni tal-Gallerija ta' Ulisse twaqqgħet u gradwalment ġiet sostitwita b'binja ġdida tal-brikks u tal-ġebel, li nbniet fi stadji fl-1738-1741 u fl-1773-1774, u kienet testendi fil-Punent lejn il-paviljun u l-grotta tas-siġar taż-żnuber.
[[Stampa:Pierre-Denis Martin - View of the Château de Fontainebleau - Google Art Project.jpg|xellug|daqsminuri|278x278px|''Lwiġi XIV jikkaċċja ħdejn il-Palazz ta' Fontainebleau''. Pittura ta' [[Pierre-Denis Martin]].]]
Bejn l-1750 u l-1754, ir-re kkummissjona lill-arkitett [[Ange-Jacques Gabriel]] biex jibni sezzjoni ġdida tul il-Cour de la Fontaine u l-vaska bil-ħut. Il-Pavilion des Poeles l-antik twaqqa' u ġie sostitwit bil-Gros Pavilion, li nbena b'ġebla lewn il-krema. Inbnew ukoll appartamenti lussużi ġodda f'din il-binja għar-Re u għar-Reġina. Is-sala l-ġdida għal-laqgħat tal-Kunsill Irjali ġiet imżejna mill-pitturi ewlenin ta' dak iż-żmien, fosthom [[François Boucher]], [[Carle Vanloo]], [[Jean-Baptiste Marie Pierre]] u [[Alexis Peyrotte]]. Inbena wkoll teatru żgħir mill-isbaħ fl-ewwel sular tas-sezzjoni tal-Belle Cheminée.

Ir-Re Lwiġi XVI għamel żidiet oħra mal-palazz biex il-membri tal-qorti tiegħu jkollhom iktar spazju. Binja ġdida nbniet maġenb il-Gallerija ta' François I; b'hekk inħoloq appartament kbir ġdid fl-ewwel sular, u għadd ta' appartamenti żgħar fil-pjan terran, iżda imblukkat ukoll it-twieqi tan-naħa tat-Tramuntana tal-Gallerija ta' François I. L-appartamenti tar-Reġina [[Marie Antoinette|Marie-Antoinette]] ġew rinnovati; sala bi stil [[Turkija|Tork]] inħolqot għaliha fl-1777, sala għal-logħob inbniet fl-1786-1787, kif ukoll ''boudoir'' bi stil Arabesk. Lwiġi XVI u Marie-Antoinette għamlu l-aħħar żjara tagħhom fil-Palazz ta' Fontainebleau fl-1786, lejliet ir-[[Rivoluzzjoni Franċiża]].&lt;ref&gt;Salmon 2011, p. 14.&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Il-Palazz matul ir-Rivoluzzjoni u l-Ewwel Imperu ===
During the French Revolution the Château did not suffer any significant damage, but all the furniture was sold at auction. The buildings were occupied by the Central School of the Department of Seine-et-Marne, until 1803, when Napoleon I installed a military school there. As he prepared to become Emperor, Napoleon wanted to preserve as much as possible the palaces and protocol of the Old Regime. He chose Fontainebleau as the site of his historic 1804 meeting with Pope Pius VII, who had travelled from Rome to crown Napoleon Emperor. Napoleon had a suite of rooms decorated for the Pope, and had the entire chateau refurnished and decorated. The bedroom of the Kings was transformed into a throne room for Napoleon. Apartments were refurnished and decorated for the Emperor and Empress in the new Empire style. The Cour du Cheval Blanc was renamed the Cour d'Honneur, or Courtyard of Honor. One wing facing the courtyard, the Aile de Ferrare, was torn down and replaced with an ornamental iron fence and gate, making the façade of the Palace visible. The gardens of Diane and the gardens of the Pines were replanted and turned into an English landscape garden by the landscape designer Maximillien Joseph Hurtault.

Napoleon's visits to Fontainebleau were not frequent, because he was occupied so much of the time with military campaigns. Between 1812 and 1814, the château served as a very elegant prison for Pope Pius VII. On 5 November 1810, the chapel of the château was used for the baptism of Napoleon's nephew, the future Napoleon III, with Napoleon serving as his godfather, and the Empress Marie-Lwiġie as his godmother.

Napoleon spent the last days of his reign at Fontainebleau, before abdicating there on 4 April 1814, under pressure from his marechals, Ney, Berthier, and Lefebvre. On 20 April, after failing in an attempt to commit suicide, he gave an emotional farewell to the soldiers of the Old Guard, assembled in the Court of Honor. Later, during the One Hundred Days, he stopped there on 20 March 1815.

In his memoires, written while in exile on Saint Helena, he recalled his time at Fontainebleau; “…the true residence of Kings, the house of the centuries. Perhaps it was not a rigorously architectural palace, but it was certainly a place of residence well thought out and perfectly suitable. It was certainly the most comfortable and happily situated palace in Europe.”

=== Il-Palazz matul ir-Ristorazzjoni u r-renju ta' Lwiġi-Filippu (1815-1848) ===
Following the restoration of the Monarchy, Kings Lwiġi XVIII and Charles X each stayed at Fontainebleau, but neither made any major changes to the palace. Lwiġi-Filippu was more active, both restoring some rooms and redecorating others in the style of his period. The Hall of the Guards and Gallery of Plates were redecorated in a Neo-Renaissance style, while the Hall of Columns, under the ballroom, was remade in a neoclassical style. He added new stained glass windows, made by the royal manufactory of Sèvres.

=== Il-Palazz matul it-Tieni Imperu ===
Emperor Napoleon III, who had been baptized at Fontainebleau, resumed the custom of long stays at Fontainebleau, particularly during the summer. Many of the historic rooms, such as the Galerie des Cerfs, were restored to something like their original appearance, while the private apartments were redecorated to suit the tastes of the Emperor and Empress. Numerous guest apartments were squeezed into unused spaces of the buildings. The old theater of the palace, built in the 18th century, was destroyed by a fire in the wing of the Belle Cheminée 1856. Between 1854 and 1857 the architect Hector Lefuel built a new theater in the style of Lwiġi XVI.

On the ground floor of the Gros Pavilion, the Empress Eugénie built a small but rich museum, containing gifts from the King of Siam in 1861, and works of art taken during the pillage of the Summer Palace in Beijing. It also featured paintings by contemporary artists, including Franz Xaver Winterhalter, and the sculptor Charles Henri Joseph Cordier. Close by, in the Lous XV wing, the Emperor established his office, and the Empress made her Salon of Lacquer. These were the last rooms created by the royal residents of Fontainebleau. In 1870, during the Franco-German War, the Empire fell, and the Château was closed.

=== Il-Palazz mit-Tielet Repubblika sa llum il-ġurnata ===
During the Franco-Prussian War, the palace was occupied by the Prussians on 17 September 1870, and briefly used as an army headquarters by Frederic Charles of Prussia from March 1871. Following the war, two of the buildings became the home of the advanced school of artillery and engineering of the French Army, which had been forced to leave Alsace when the province was annexed by Germany.  It was occasionally used as a residence by the Presidents of the Third Republic, and to welcome state guests including King Alexander I of Serbia (1891), King George I of Greece (1892) Leopold II of Belgium (1895) and King Alphonse XIII of Spain (1913). It also received a visit by the last survivor of its royal residents, the Empress Eugenie, on 26 June 1920.

The façades the major buildings received their first protection by classification as historic monuments on 20 August 1913. In 1923, following the First World War, it became home of the Écoles d'Art Américaines, schools of art and music, which still exist today. In 1927 it became a national museum. Between the wars the upper floors of the wing of the Belle Cheminée, burned in 1856, were rebuilt by a grant from the Rockefeller Foundation.

During World War II, it was occupied by the Germans on 16 June 1940, and occupied until 10 November, and again from 15 May to the end of October 1941. Following the war, part of the château became a headquarters of the Western Union and later NATO's Allied Forces Central Europe/Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe, until 1966.

The general restoration of the Chateau took place between 1964 and 1968 under President Charles DeGaulle and his Minister of Culture, Andre Malraux. It was classified as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1981. In 2006, the Ministry of Culture purchased the royal stables, and began their restoration.

Beginning in 2007, restoration began of the theater of the château, created by Napoleon III during the Second Empire. The project was funded by the government of Abu-Dhabi, and in exchange the theater was renamed for Sheik Khalifa Bin Zayed al Nahyan. It was inaugurated on 30 April 2014.

On 1 March 2015, the Chinese Museum of the château was robbed by professional thieves. They broke in at about six in the morning, and, despite alarms and video cameras, in seven minutes stole about fifteen of the most valuable objects in the collection, including the replica of the crown of Siam given by the Siamese government to Napoleon III, a Tibetan mandala, and an enamel chimera from the reign of the Qianlong Emperor (1736-1795).

== Sit ta' Wirt Dinji ==
[[Stampa:Chateau Fontainebleau.jpg|nofs|daqsminuri|551x551px|Il-faċċata tal-Palazz ta' Fontainebleau.]]
Il-Palazz u l-Park ta' Fontainebleau ġew iddeżinjati bħala Sit ta' Wirt Dinji tal-UNESCO fl-1981.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

Il-valur universali straordinarju tas-sit ġie rrikonoxxut abbażi ta' żewġ kriterji tal-għażla tal-UNESCO: il-'''kriterju (ii)''' &quot;Wirja ta' skambju importanti ta' valuri umani, tul perjodu ta' żmien jew fi ħdan żona kulturali fid-dinja, dwar l-iżviluppi fl-arkitettura jew it-teknoloġija, l-arti monumentali, l-ippjanar tal-bliet jew id-disinn tal-pajsaġġ&quot;; u l-'''kriterju (vi)''' &quot;Assoċjazzjoni diretta jew tanġibbli ma' avvenimenti jew ma' tradizzjonijiet ħajjin, ma' ideat jew ma' twemmin, jew ma' xogħlijiet artistiċi jew letterarji ta' valur universali straordinarju&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== Biblijografija ==

* Allain, Yves-Marie (2006). ''L'art des jardins en Europe'' (bil-Franċiż). Pariġi: Citadelles &amp; Mazenod. &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 2-85088-087-6&lt;/nowiki&gt;.

* Carlier, Yves (2010). ''Histoire du château de Fontainebleau'' (bil-Franċiż). Pariġi: Editions Jean-Paul Gisserot. &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 978-2-75580-022-7&lt;/nowiki&gt;.

* Dan, Pierre (1642). ''Le Trésor des merveilles de la Maison Royale de Fontainebleau''. Pariġi: S. Cramoisy. OCLC 457360433; copy at INHA.

* Morel, Pierre (1967). ''Aspects de la France - Fontainebleau''. Artaud.

* Pérouse de Montclos, Jean-Marie (2009). ''Le château de Fontainebleau'' (bil-Franċiż). Pariġi: Nouvelles Éditions Scala. &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 9782359880045&lt;/nowiki&gt;.

* Salmon, Xavier (2011). ''Fontainebleau- Vrai demeure des rois, maison des siècles'' (bil-Franċiż). Versailles: Artlys. &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 978-2-85495-442-5&lt;/nowiki&gt;.

* Séguin, Philippe (1990). ''Lwiġi Napoléon Le Grand'' (bil-Franċiż). Pariġi: Bernard Grasset. &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 2-246-42951-X&lt;/nowiki&gt;.

== Referenzi ==

[[Kategorija:Siti ta' Wirt Dinji]]
[[Kategorija:Palazzi]]
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      <text bytes="28037" xml:space="preserve">[[Stampa:La salle du Trône (Château de Fontainebleau).jpg|daqsminuri|252x252px|Is-Sala tat-Tron ta' Napuljun Bonaparte fil-Palazz ta' Fontainebleau.]]
Il-'''Palazz ta' Fontainebleau''' (pronunzja bil-[[Lingwa Franċiża|Franċiż]]: ​[fɔ̃tɛnblo]; bil-Franċiż: ''Château de Fontainebleau''), jinsab 55 kilometru (34 mil) fix-Xlokk taċ-ċentru ta' [[Pariġi]], fil-komun ta' [[Fontainebleau]], u huwa wieħed mill-ikbar palazzi-kastelli rjali (bil-Franċiż: ''Château'') ta' [[Franza]]. Il-kastell [[Medjuevu|Medjevali]] u l-palazz sussegwenti ntużaw bħala r-residenza għall-monarki Franċiżi minn [[Lwiġi VII]] sa [[Napuljun III]]. [[François I]] u Napuljun kienu l-monarki li kellhom l-ikbar influwenza fuq il-palazz kif inhu llum il-ġurnata.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://www.parisdigest.com/france/fontainebleau.htm|titlu=Fontainebleau, the royal castle and forest near Paris|data=2019-12-26|sit=Paris Digest|lingwa=en|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sar [[mużew]] nazzjonali fl-1927 u fl-1981 tniżżel fil-lista tas-[[Sit ta' Wirt Dinji|Siti ta' Wirt Dinji]] tal-[[UNESCO]] għall-arkitettura unika u għall-importanza storika tiegħu.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/160/|titlu=Palace and Park of Fontainebleau|kunjom=Centre|isem=UNESCO World Heritage|sit=UNESCO World Heritage Centre|lingwa=en|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Storja ==

=== Palazz Medjevali (is-seklu 12) ===
[[Stampa:Le Grand Escalier à Fer de Cheval.jpg|daqsminuri|It-taraġ b'għamla ta' nagħla oriġinarjament inbena għal [[Enriku II]] minn [[Philibert de l'Orme]] bejn l-1547 u l-1559, u mbagħad inbena mill-ġdid għal [[Lwiġi XIII]] minn [[Jean Androuet du Cerceau]] għall-ħabta tal-1632-1634.]]
L-iżjed evidenza bikrija ta' kastell iffortifikat f'Fontainebleau jmur lura għall-1137.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;Salmon 2011, p. 7.&lt;/ref&gt; Sar residenza u loġġa tal-kaċċa ppreferuta tar-Rejiet ta' Franza minħabba l-abbundanza ta' [[Annimal|annimali]] selvaġġi u l-bosta fawwara fil-foresta ta' madwaru. L-isem oriġina minn waħda mill-ħafna fawwariet, il-funtana ta' Bliaud, li issa tinsab fil-ġnien Ingliż, qrib is-sezzjoni ta' [[Lwiġi XV ta’ Franza|Lwiġi XV]].&lt;ref&gt;Morel 1967, p. 28.&lt;/ref&gt; Intuża mir-Re Lwiġi VII, li għalih [[Thomas Becket]] ikkonsagra l-[[kappella]] fl-1169; minn [[Filippu II]]; minn [[Lwiġi IX]] (iktar 'il quddiem kanonizzat San Alwiġi), li bena sptar u kunvent, il-Couvent des Trinitaires, ħdejn il-kastell; u minn [[Filippu IV]], li twieled u [[Mewt|miet]] fil-kastell.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

=== Palazz Rinaxximentali ta' François I (1528-1547) ===
[[Stampa:Chateau de Fontainebleau Cour ovale.jpg|xellug|daqsminuri|243x243px|Il-Bitħa Ovali, bid-''donjon'' Medjevali fin-nofs, fdal tal-kastell oriġinali fejn kienu jinsabu l-appartamenti tar-Re.]]
Fis-seklu 15 il-kastell sarulu xi modifiki u rinnovazzjonijiet minn Isabella tal-[[Bavarja]], il-mara tar-Re [[Karlu VI ta' Asburgu|Karlu VI]], iżda l-istruttura Medjevali baqgħet essenzjalment intatta sar-renju ta' François I (1494-1547). Huwa kkummissjona lill-[[arkitett]] [[Gilles Le Breton]] biex jibni palazz bl-istil [[Rinaxximent|Rinaxximentali]] l-ġdid, importat reċentement mill-[[Italja]]. Le Breton ippreserva d-''donjon'' Medjevali antik, fejn kienu jinsabu l-appartamenti tar-Re, iżda inkorporah fil-Cour Ovale (bitħa ovali) bl-istil Rinaxximentali ġdid, li nbniet fuq il-pedamenti tal-kastell l-antik. Il-palazz kien jinkludi l-Porte Dorée [[Monument|monumentali]], bħala d-daħla tan-Nofsinhar tiegħu, b'taraġ Rinaxximentali monumentali, u l-Portique de Serlio, li jagħti aċċess għall-appartamenti rjali fuq in-naħa tat-Tramuntana.

Għall-ħabta tal-1528, François beda jibni l-Galerie François I, u b'hekk seta' jgħaddi direttament mill-appartamenti tiegħu għall-kappella tat-Trinitaires. Huwa qabbad lill-arkitett [[Sebastiano Serlio]] mill-Italja, u lill-pittur minn [[Firenze]] [[Giovanni Battista di Jacopo]], magħruf bħala Rosso Fiorentino, biex iżejjen il-gallerija l-ġdida. Bejn l-1533 u l-1539, Rosso Fiorentino mela l-gallerija b'affreski li jigglorifikaw lir-Re, b'gwarniċi bl-istukko mżejna b'riljiev għoli, u ''lambris'' skolpit mill-produttur tal-għamara [[Francesco Scibec da Carpi]]. Pittur Taljan ieħor, [[Francesco Primaticcio]] minn [[Bolonja|Bologna]], (&quot;Primatice&quot; għall-Franċiżi), ingħaqad iktar 'il quddiem fit-tiżjin tal-palazz. Flimkien, l-istil ta' tiżjin tagħhom sar magħruf bħala l-ewwel Skola ta' Fontainebleau. Din kienet l-ewwel gallerija mżejna kbira li nbniet fi Franza. Inġenerali, permezz ta' Fontainebleau r-Rinaxximent ġie introdott fi Franza.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;Salmon 2011, p. 8.&lt;/ref&gt;

Għall-ħabta tal-1540, François beda jaħdem fuq żieda oħra mal-palazz. Billi uża l-art fuq in-naħa tal-Lvant tal-palazz, li xtara mill-Ordni tat-Trinitaires, huwa beda jibni sezzjoni kwadra ġdida ta' binjiet madwar bitħa kbira. Din kienet konfinata lejn it-Tramuntana mis-sezzjoni tal-Ministri, lejn il-Lvant mis-sezzjoni ta' [[Ferrara]], u lejn in-Nofsinhar minn sezzjoni b'gallerija ġdida ta' [[Ulisse]]. Il-palazz ġie mdawwar minn park ġdid bl-istil tal-ġnien Rinaxximentali Taljan, bil-paviljuni u bl-ewwel grotta fi Franza. Primaticcio ħoloq affreski monumentali oħra għall-gallerija ta' Ulisse.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;

=== Palazz ta' Enriku II u Katerina de' Medici (1547-1570) ===
[[Stampa:Château de Fontainebleau 2011 (262).JPG|daqsminuri|255x255px|Il-Gallerija ta' François I, li tikkollega l-appartamenti tar-Re mal-kappella, imżejna bejn l-1533 u l-1539, li introduċiet l-istil Rinaxximentali Taljan fi Franza.]]
Wara l-[[mewt]] ta' François I, ir-Re Enriku II ddeċieda li jkompli jkabbar il-palazz. Ir-Re u martu għażla l-arkitetti Philibert de l'Orme u Jean Bullant biex iwettqu dan ix-xogħol. Huma estendew is-sezzjoni tal-Lvant tal-qorti t'isfel u żejnuha bl-ewwel taraġ famuż b'għamla ta' nagħla. Fil-bitħa ovali, huma ttrasformaw il-loġġa ppjanata minn François f'Sala tal-Festi jew Sala tal-Ballu b'saqaf bis-suffitt bil-kaxxi. Faċċata tal-bitħa tal-funtana u tal-vaska bil-ħut, huma ddisinjaw binja ġdida, il-Pavillon des Poeles (li nqered), biex jospita l-appartamenti l-ġodda tar-Re. It-tiżjin tas-sala tal-ballu l-ġdida u tal-gallerija ta' Ulisse bl-affreski ta' Francesco Primaticcio u l-istukko skolpit kompla, taħt it-tmexxija tal-pitturi Manjeristi Primaticcio u [[Niccolò dell'Abbate]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;Salmon 2011, p. 9.&lt;/ref&gt; Skont l-ordnijiet ta' Enriku, in-''Nymphe de Fontainebleau'' ta' [[Benvenuto Cellini]] ġiet installata fid-daħla ta' Château d'Anet, ir-residenza primarja tal-maħbuba primarja ta' Enriku, [[Diane de Poitiers]] (il-lunetta oriġinali tal-bronż issa tinsab fil-[[Mużew]] ta' [[Louvre]], u minflokha hemm replika).&lt;ref&gt;Pérouse de Montclos 2009, p. 31.&lt;/ref&gt; Il-palazz kien ukoll il-post fejn twieled François II ta' Franza, l-ewwel iben tar-Re Enriku II.

Wara l-mewt ta' Enriku II f'inċident fil-ġostra, il-mara tiegħu li spiċċat armla, [[Katerina de' Medici]], kompliet bil-kostruzzjoni u t-tiżjin tal-palazz. Hija ddeżinjat lil Primaticcio bħala s-sovraintendent il-ġdid tax-xogħlijiet pubbliċi rjali. Huwa ddisinja s-sezzjoni magħrufa illum il-ġurnata bħala s-sezzjoni tal-Belle Cheminée, magħrufa għaċ-ċmieni elaborati tagħha u ż-żewġ settijiet ta' taraġ faċċata ta' xulxin. Fl-1565, bħala miżura ta' sigurtà minħabba l-Gwerer tar-[[Reliġjon]], hija ordnat ukoll li jitħaffer ħandaq madwar il-palazz biex jipproteġih minn xi attakk.&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt;

=== Palazz ta' Enriku IV (1570-1610) ===
[[Stampa:Chateau de Fontainebleau 08.jpg|daqsminuri|242x242px|Il-Galerie des Cerfs (il-Gallerija taċ-Ċriev), li nbniet minn Enriku IV bejn l-1601 u l-1606.]]
Ir-Re [[Enriku IV]] għamel iktar żidiet fil-palazz minn kwalunkwe re minn żmien François I. Huwa estenda l-bitħa ovali lejn il-Punent billi bena żewġ paviljuni, imsejħin Tiber u Luxembourg. Bejn l-1601 u l-1606, huwa reġa' rrinnova l-faċċati kollha madwar il-bitħa, inkluż dik tal-Kappella ta' Saint-Saturnin, sabiex jagħti armonija aħjar lill-arkitettura. Fuq in-naħa tal-Lvant, huwa bena daħla monumentali ġdida, il-Porte du Baptistère. Bejn l-1606 u l-1609, huwa bena bitħa ġdida, il-Cour des Offices jew il-Kwartier ta' Enriku IV, sabiex jipprovdi spazju għall-kċejjen u għar-residenzi tal-uffiċjali tal-qorti. Inbnew ukoll żewġ galleriji ġodda, il-Galerie de Diane de Poitiers u l-Galerie des Cerfs, madwar il-ġnien antik ta' Diana. Huwa żied ukoll ''jeu de paume'' jew court intern kbir tat-[[tennis]], l-ikbar tat-tip tiegħu fid-dinja.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080625035334/http://jdpfontainebleau.free.fr/historiquecourt.html|titlu=Cercle du jeu de paume de fontainebleau / Historique du court|data=2008-06-25|sit=web.archive.org|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140517104104/http://jdpfontainebleau.com/|titlu=Cercle du jeu de paume de Fontainebleau|data=2014-05-17|sit=web.archive.org|data-aċċess=2022-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;&gt;Salmon 2011, p. 10.&lt;/ref&gt;

It-&quot;tieni skola ta' Fontainebleau&quot; ta' pitturi u ta' dekoraturi bdew jaħdmu fuq ġewwa tal-palazz. L-arkitett [[Martin Fréminet]] ħoloq il-Kappella elaborata tat-[[It-Trinità Mqaddsa|Trinità]], filwaqt li l-pitturi [[Ambroise Dubois]] u [[Toussaint Dubreuil]] ħolqu sensiela ta' pitturi erojċi għas-swali. Sezzjoni ġdida, imsejħa għall-binja ċentrali tagħha, La Belle Cheminée, inbniet ħdejn il-vaska l-kbira bil-ħut.

Enriku IV ta attenzjoni kbira wkoll lill-park u lill-ġonna madwar il-palazz. Il-ġnien tar-reġina jew il-ġnien ta' Diana, maħluq minn Katerina de' Medici, bil-funtana ta' Diana fin-nofs, ġie stabbilit fin-naħa tat-Tramuntana tal-palazz. Il-[[ġardinar]] ta' Enriku IV, [[Claude Mollet]], li tħarreġ fil-Palazz ta' Anet, ħoloq ''parterre'' kbir ta' fjuri, imżejjen bi [[Statwa|statwi]] antiki u sseparat b'mogħdijiet f'sezzjonijiet kwadri kbar. Il-funtana ta' Diana u l-grotta saru minn [[Tommaso Francini]], li jaf iddisinja wkoll il-Funtana tal-familja Medici fil-Ġnien tal-[[Lussemburgu]] għal [[Maria de' Medici]]. Fuq in-naħa tan-Nofsinhar, Enriku ħoloq park, imħawwel bis-siġar taż-żnuber, tal-elmu u tal-[[frott]], u bena kanal kbir twil 1,200 metru, sittin sena qabel ma Lwiġi XIV bena l-kanal il-kbir tiegħu stess fil-[[Palazz ta' Versailles]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot; /&gt;

=== Il-Palazz minn Lwiġi XIII sa Lwiġi XIV ===
[[Stampa:Fontainebleau bird's eye view.jpg|xellug|daqsminuri|Id-disinn tal-palazz u tal-ġonna fil-bidu tas-seklu 17, ta' [[Tommaso Francini]], id-disinjatur tal-funtani.]]
Ir-Re Lwiġi XIII twieled u ġie mgħammed fil-palazz, u kompla x-xogħlijiet li kien beda missieru. Huwa lesta t-tiżjin tal-Kappella tat-Trinità, u ordna lill-arkitett tal-qorti [[Jean Androuet du Cerceau]] biex jibni mill-ġdid it-taraġ b'għamla ta' nagħla li qabel kien iddisinjat minn Philibert Delorme fil-bitħa li kienet magħrufa bħala l-Cour de Cheval Blanc. Wara mewtu, l-armla tiegħu, Anna tal-Awstrija, żejnet mill-ġdid l-appartamenti fi ħdan is-Sezzjoni tal-Irġejjen Omm (Aile des Reines Mères) maġenb il-Bitħa tal-Funtana, iddisinjata minn Primatrice.&lt;ref&gt;Salmon 2011, p. 12.&lt;/ref&gt;

Ir-re [[Lwiġi XIV ta' Franza|Lwiġi XIV]] qatta' iktar żmien fil-Palazz ta' Fontainebleau minn kwalunkwe monarka ieħor; kien iħobb jikkaċċja hemmhekk kull sena lejn l-aħħar tas-sajf u l-bidu tal-ħarifa. Ma tantx għamel bidliet fil-palazz minn barra, iżda bena appartament ġdid għall-maħbuba tiegħu s-Sinjura de Maintenon, għammru b'xogħlijiet maġġuri ta' [[André-Charles Boulle]] u waqqa' l-appartamenti l-antiki tal-banjijiet taħt il-Gallerija ta' François I biex jibni appartamenti ġodda għall-prinċpijiet irjali, b'xi modifiki fl-appartamenti tar-re. L-arkitett [[Jules Hardouin-Mansard]] bena sezzjoni ġdida maġenb il-Galerie des Cerfs u l-Galerie de Diane biex ikun hemm iktar spazju residenzjali għall-qorti. Huwa għamel bidliet kbar fil-park u fil-ġonna; ikkummissjona lil [[André Le Nôtre]] u Louis Le Vau biex jiddisinjaw il-parterre l-kbir mill-ġdid fi ġnien formali Franċiż. Huwa neħħa l-ġnien fuq il-kannizzati li Enriku IV kien bena ħdejn il-vaska l-kbira bil-ħut, u minflok bena paviljun, iddisinjat minn Le Vau, fuq gżira żgħira f'nofs il-vaska.
[[Stampa:Château de Fontainebleau 2011 (70).JPG|daqsminuri|283x283px|Il-Gros Pavilion fiċ-ċentru, li nbena minn Lwiġi XV għall-appartamenti rjali l-ġodda bejn l-1750 u l-1754.]]
Lwiġi XIV iffirma l-Editt ta' Fontainebleau fil-palazz fit-22 ta' Ottubru 1685, u rrevoka l-politika ta' tolleranza fir-rigward tal-[[Protestantiżmu|Protestanti]] li kien nieda Enriku IV. Lwiġi XIV laqa' bosta mistednin barranin fil-palazz, inkluż l-eks Reġina Christina tal-[[Żvezja|Iżvezja]], li kienet għadha kemm abdikat mit-tron. Meta kienet mistiedna fil-palazz fl-10 ta' Novembru 1657, Christina ssuspettat fil-maħbub tagħha u dak li kien jieħu ħsieb iż-[[Żiemel|żwiemel]], il-Markiż [[Gian Rinaldo Monaldeschi]], li kien qed jikxef is-sigrieti tagħha lill-għedewwa. Il-qaddejja tagħha ħebbew għalih fil-kurituri tal-palazz u qatluh b'daqqiet ta' sikkina. Lwiġi XIV ġie jaraha fil-palazz, ma semma xejn dwar il-qtil, u ħalliha tkompli bil-vjaġġi tagħha.

Fid-19 u fl-20 ta' Mejju 1717, matul ir-Reġġenza wara l-mewt ta' Lwiġi XIV, il-Ksar [[Russja|Russu]] [[Pietru l-Kbir]] kien mistieden fil-Palazz ta' Fontainebleau. Sessjoni ta' kaċċa għaċ-ċriev ġiet organizzata għalih, kif ukoll bankett. Uffiċjalment iż-żjara kienet suċċess kbir. Iżda fil-memorji ppubblikati iktar 'il quddiem mill-membri tad-delegazzjoni, milli jidher Pietru ma ħax pjaċir bl-istil ta' kaċċa tal-Franċiżi, u ħass li l-palazz kien żgħir wisq, meta mqabbel mar-residenzi rjali Franċiżi l-oħra. Ir-rutina tal-Palazz ta' Fontainebleau wkoll ma għoġbitux; huwa kien jippreferi l-birra minflok l-inbid (u ġab il-provvista tiegħu miegħu) u kien iħobb iqum kmieni, għad-differenza tal-qorti rjali Franċiża.&lt;ref&gt;Мезин С.А. Взгляд из Европы: французские авторы XVIII века о Петре I. Саратов, 2003. (bir-[[Lingwa Russa|Russu]]).&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Buvat J. Journal de la régence. T. 1. P. 269–270; Майков Л. Н. Современные рассказы... // Русский архив. 1881. Кн. 1, № 1. С. 12–13. (bir-Russu).&lt;/ref&gt;

Il-proġetti ta' rinnovazzjoni ta' [[Lwiġi XV ta’ Franza|Lwiġi XV]] kienu iktar ambizzjużi minn dawk ta' Lwiġi XIV. Sabiex joħloq iktar abitazzjonijiet għall-għadd enormi ta' membri tal-qorti rjali tiegħu, fl-1737-1738 ir-re bena bitħa ġdida, imsejħa l-Cour de la Conciergerie jew il-Cour des Princes, lejn il-Lvant tal-Galerie des Cerfs. Fil-Cour du Cheval Blanc, is-sezzjoni tal-Gallerija ta' Ulisse twaqqgħet u gradwalment ġiet sostitwita b'binja ġdida tal-brikks u tal-ġebel, li nbniet fi stadji fl-1738-1741 u fl-1773-1774, u kienet testendi fil-Punent lejn il-paviljun u l-grotta tas-siġar taż-żnuber.
[[Stampa:Pierre-Denis Martin - View of the Château de Fontainebleau - Google Art Project.jpg|xellug|daqsminuri|278x278px|''Lwiġi XIV jikkaċċja ħdejn il-Palazz ta' Fontainebleau''. Pittura ta' [[Pierre-Denis Martin]].]]
Bejn l-1750 u l-1754, ir-re kkummissjona lill-arkitett [[Ange-Jacques Gabriel]] biex jibni sezzjoni ġdida tul il-Cour de la Fontaine u l-vaska bil-ħut. Il-Pavilion des Poeles l-antik twaqqa' u ġie sostitwit bil-Gros Pavilion, li nbena b'ġebla lewn il-krema. Inbnew ukoll appartamenti lussużi ġodda f'din il-binja għar-Re u għar-Reġina. Is-sala l-ġdida għal-laqgħat tal-Kunsill Irjali ġiet imżejna mill-pitturi ewlenin ta' dak iż-żmien, fosthom [[François Boucher]], [[Carle Vanloo]], [[Jean-Baptiste Marie Pierre]] u [[Alexis Peyrotte]]. Inbena wkoll teatru żgħir mill-isbaħ fl-ewwel sular tas-sezzjoni tal-Belle Cheminée.

Ir-Re Lwiġi XVI għamel żidiet oħra mal-palazz biex il-membri tal-qorti tiegħu jkollhom iktar spazju. Binja ġdida nbniet maġenb il-Gallerija ta' François I; b'hekk inħoloq appartament kbir ġdid fl-ewwel sular, u għadd ta' appartamenti żgħar fil-pjan terran, iżda imblukkat ukoll it-twieqi tan-naħa tat-Tramuntana tal-Gallerija ta' François I. L-appartamenti tar-Reġina [[Marie Antoinette|Marie-Antoinette]] ġew rinnovati; sala bi stil [[Turkija|Tork]] inħolqot għaliha fl-1777, sala għal-logħob inbniet fl-1786-1787, kif ukoll ''boudoir'' bi stil Arabesk. Lwiġi XVI u Marie-Antoinette għamlu l-aħħar żjara tagħhom fil-Palazz ta' Fontainebleau fl-1786, lejliet ir-[[Rivoluzzjoni Franċiża]].&lt;ref&gt;Salmon 2011, p. 14.&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Il-Palazz matul ir-Rivoluzzjoni u l-Ewwel Imperu ===
[[Stampa:Montfort - Adieux de Napoleon a la Garde imperiale.jpg|daqsminuri|262x262px|Napuljun isellem lill-Gwardja Antika tiegħu fil-Bitħa tal-Unur fl-20 ta' April 1814.]]
Matul ir-Rivoluzzjoni Franċiża, il-palazz ma ġarrabx ħsarat sinifikanti, iżda l-għamara kollha nbigħet b'irkant. Il-binjiet ġew okkupati mill-Iskola Ċentrali tad-Dipartiment ta' Seine-et-Marne sal-1803, meta [[Napuljun I ta' Franza|Napuljun I]] stabbilixxa skola militari hemmhekk. Meta beda jħejji biex isir Imperatur, Napuljun ried jippreserva kemm jista' mill-palazzi u mill-protokoll tar-Reġim l-Antik. Huwa għażel il-Palazz ta' Fontainebleau bħala s-sit għal-laqgħa storika tiegħu tal-1804 mal-[[Papa Piju VII]], li kien ivvjaġġa minn [[Ruma]] biex jinkuruna lil Napuljun bħala l-Imperatur. Napuljun ordna biex għadd ta' kmamar jiġu mżejna apposta għall-Papa, u l-palazz kollu ġie rinnovat u mżejjen mill-ġdid. Il-kamra tas-sodda tar-Rejiet ġiet ittrasformata f'sala tat-tron għal Napuljun. L-appartamenti ġew rinnovati u mżejna mill-ġdid għall-Imperatur u għall-Imperatriċi bl-istil ġdid tal-Imperu. Il-Cour du Cheval Blanc beda jissejjaħ il-Cour d'Honneur jew il-Bitħa tal-Unur. Sezzjoni faċċata tal-bitħa, l-Aile de Ferrare, twaqqgħet u ġiet sostitwita b'xatba u b'daħla tal-[[ħadid]], biex b'hekk il-faċċata tal-palazz tibqa' viżibbli. Il-ġonna ta' Diana u tas-siġar taż-żnuber ġew imħawlin mill-ġdid u mibdula fi ġnien pajsaġġistiku Ingliż mid-disinjatur pajsaġġistiku [[Maximillien Joseph Hurtault]].

Iż-żjarat ta' Napuljun lejn il-Palazz ta' Fontainebleau ma kinux frekwenti, għaliex kien ikun okkupat il-ħin kollu bil-kampanji militari. Bejn l-1812 u l-1814, il-palazz intuża bħala ħabs eleganti ħafna għall-Papa Piju VII. Fil-5 ta' Novembru 1810, il-kappella tal-palazz intużat għall-magħmudija tan-neputi ta' Napuljun, [[Napuljun III]], fejn Napuljun kien il-parrinu tiegħu, u l-Imperatriċi Marie-Louise kienet il-parrina tiegħu.&lt;ref&gt;Séguin 1990, p. 26.&lt;/ref&gt;
[[Stampa:Gueridon fontainebleau.JPG|xellug|daqsminuri|239x239px|Il-mejda fejn Napuljun iffirma l-abdikazzjoni tiegħu fl-4 ta' April 1814, qabel ma ġie eżiljat fil-gżira ta' [[Elba]].]]
Napuljun qatta' l-aħħar jiem tar-renju tiegħu fil-Palazz ta' Fontainebleau, qabel ma abdika hemmhekk fl-4 ta' April 1814, taħt pressjoni mill-marexxalli tiegħu, Ney, Berthier u Lefebvre. Fl-20 ta' April, wara li t-tentattiv ta' suwiċidju tiegħu ma rnexxilux, huwa ta tislima emozzjonali lis-suldati tal-Gwardja Antika, li nġabru fil-Bitħa tal-Unur. Iktar 'il quddiem, matul il-Mitt Jum, huwa waqaf hemmhekk fl-20 ta' Marzu 1815.

Fil-memorji tiegħu, miktuba meta kien eżiljat fuq Saint Helena, huwa jiftakar fiż-żmien li qatta' fil-Palazz ta' Fontainebleau; &quot;…ir-residenza reali tar-Rejiet, id-dar tas-sekli. Forsi ma kienx palazz arkitettoniku rigoruż, iżda kien ċertament residenza maħsuba tajjeb u perfettament adattata. Tabilħaqq kien l-iżjed palazz komdu u b'pożizzjoni tajba fl-[[Ewropa]]&quot;.

=== Il-Palazz matul ir-Ristorazzjoni u r-renju ta' Lwiġi-Filippu (1815-1848) ===
Wara r-ristorazzjoni tal-Monarkija, ir-Rejiet [[Lwiġi XVIII]] u [[Karlu X]] it-tnejn li huma baqgħu fil-Palazz ta' Fontainebleau, iżda l-ebda wieħed minnhom ma għamel bidliet kbar fil-palazz. Lwiġi-Filippu kien iktar attiv, u rrestawra xi swali u żejjen mill-ġdid oħrajn bl-istil ta' dak iż-żmien. Is-Sala tal-Gwardji u l-Gallerija tal-Platti ġew imżejna mill-ġdid bi stil Neo-[[Rinaxximent|Rinaxximentali]], filwaqt li s-Sala tal-Kolonni, taħt is-sala tal-ballu, ġiet rinnovata bi stil Neoklassiku. Huwa żied ukoll twieqi ġodda bil-[[ħġieġ]] ikkulurit, magħmula mill-manifattura rjali ta' [[Sèvres]].

=== Il-Palazz matul it-Tieni Imperu ===
[[Stampa:Jean-Leon Gerome 001.JPG|daqsminuri|256x256px|Napuljun III jilqa' delegazzjoni mir-Re tas-Siam fis-sala tal-ballu fl-1864.]]
L-Imperatur Napuljun III, li kien mgħammed fil-Palazz ta' Fontainebleau, reġa' kompla d-drawwa ta' soġġorni twal fil-palazz, b'mod partikolari fis-sajf. Ħafna mis-swali storiċi, bħall-Galerie des Cerfs, ġew irrestawrati kemm jista' jkun għad-dehra oriġinali tagħhom, filwaqt li l-appartamenti privati ġew imżejna mill-ġdid skont il-gosti tal-Imperatur u tal-Imperatriċi. Ħafna appartamenti għall-mistednin ġew stabbiliti fl-ispazji mhux użati tal-binjiet tal-palazz. It-teatru l-antik tal-palazz, li kien inbena fis-seklu 18, inqered f'nar li ħakem is-sezzjoni tal-Belle Cheminée fl-1856. Bejn l-1854 u l-1857, l-arkitett [[Hector Lefuel]] bena teatru ġdid bl-istil ta' [[Lwiġi XVI ta' Franza|Lwiġi XVI]].

Fil-pjan terran tal-Gros Pavilion, l-Imperatriċi Eugénie bniet mużew żgħir iżda rikk, bir-rigali mir-Re tas-Siam fl-1861, u bl-opri tal-arti li ttieħdu meta nsteraq il-[[Palazz tas-Sajf ta' Beijing]], iċ-[[Ċina]]. Il-mużew kien fih ukoll pitturi ta' artisti kontemporanji, inkluż [[Franz Xaver Winterhalter]], u tal-iskultur [[Charles Henri Joseph Cordier]]. Fil-qrib, fis-sezzjoni ta' [[Lwiġi XV ta’ Franza|Lwiġi XV]], l-Imperatur stabbilixxa l-uffiċju tiegħu, u l-Imperatriċi stabbiliet is-Sala tal-Verniċ tagħha. Dawn kienu l-aħħar kmamar li nħolqu mir-residenti rjali tal-Palazz ta' Fontainebleau. Fl-1870, matul il-Gwerra bejn Franza u l-[[Ġermanja]], l-Imperu sfaxxa, u l-palazz ingħalaq.&lt;ref&gt;Walter Bruyère-Ostells, ''Napoléon III et le Second Empire.''&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Il-Palazz mit-Tielet Repubblika sa llum il-ġurnata ===
[[Stampa:Librairie du Chateau de Fontainebleau.jpg|xellug|daqsminuri|Il-Librerija u l-Gallerija ta' Diana. ]]
Matul il-Gwerra bejn Franza u l-[[Prussja]], il-palazz ġie okkupat mill-Prussjani fis-17 ta' Settembru 1870, u għal żmien qasir intuża bħala kwartieri ġenerali tal-armata minn [[Federiku Karlu tal-Prussja]] minn Marzu 1871. Wara l-gwerra, tnejn mill-binjiet bdew jospitaw l-iskola avvanzata tal-artillerija u l-inġinerija tal-Armata Franċiża, li ġiet obbligata titlaq mill-[[Alsace]] meta l-provinċja ġiet annessa mill-Ġermanja.&lt;ref&gt;Carlier 2010, p. 37.&lt;/ref&gt; Okkażjonalment il-palazz intuża bħala residenza mill-Presidenti tat-Tielet Repubblika, u biex jintlaqgħu xi mistednin statali, fosthom ir-Re [[Alessandru I tas-Serbja]] (1891), ir-Re [[Ġorġ I tal-Greċja]] (1892), [[Leopoldu II tal-Belġju]] (1895) u r-Re [[Alfonsu XIII ta' Spanja]] (1913). Il-palazz laqa' wkoll żjara mill-aħħar waħda mir-residenti rjali, l-Imperatriċi Eugenie, fis-26 ta' Ġunju 1920.

Il-faċċati tal-binjiet ewlenin ingħataw l-ewwel protezzjoni tagħhom permezz tal-klassifikazzjoni bħala [[Monument|monumenti]] storiċi fl-20 ta' Awwissu 1913. Fl-1923, wara [[l-Ewwel Gwerra Dinjija]], il-palazz sar is-sede tal-Écoles d'Art Américaines, skejjel ta[[L-Arti|l-arti]] u tal-[[mużika]], li għadhom jeżistu. Fl-1927 il-palazz sar mużew nazzjonali. Bejn il-gwerer, is-sulari ta' fuq tas-sezzjoni tal-Belle Cheminée, li kienu ħadu n-nar fl-1856, inbnew mill-ġdid permezz ta' għotja finanzjarja mill-Fondazzjoni Rockefeller.

Matul [[it-Tieni Gwerra Dinjija]], il-palazz ġie okkupat mill-Ġermaniżi fis-16 ta' Ġunju 1940 u baqa' okkupat sal-10 ta' Novembru 1940, u mbagħad reġa' ġie okkupat mill-15 ta' Mejju sal-aħħar ta' Ottubru 1941. Wara dik is-sena, parti mill-palazz saret il-kwartieri ġenerali tal-Unjoni tal-Punent u iktar 'il quddiem saret il-kwartieri ġenerali ta-Forzi Alleati tal-[[Ewropa Ċentrali]] tan-[[NATO]] sal-1966.

Ir-restawr ġenerali tal-palazz seħħ bejn l-1964 u l-1968 taħt il-President [[Charles de Gaulle]] u l-Ministru għall-[[Kultura]] tiegħu, [[Andre Malraux]]. Il-palazz u l-park tniżżlu fil-lista tas-Siti ta' Wirt Dinji tal-UNESCO fl-1981.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Fl-2006, il-Ministeru għall-Kultura xtara l-istalel irjali u rrestawrahom.

Fil-bidu tal-2007, beda r-restawr tat-teatru tal-palazz, li kien inbena minn Napuljun III matul it-Tieni Imperu. Il-proġett ġie ffinanzjat mill-gvern ta' [[Abu Dhabi]], wieħed mill-[[Emirati Għarab Magħquda]], u bħala ringrazzjament it-teatru ssejjaħ it-Teatru Sheik Khalifa Bin Zayed al Nahyan. Ġie inawgurat fit-30 ta' April 2014.&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://www.lefigaro.fr/culture/2014/04/25/03004-20140425ARTFIG00002-coup-de-theatre-a-fontainebleau.php|titlu=Coup de théâtre à Fontainebleau|data=2014-04-25|sit=LEFIGARO|lingwa=fr|data-aċċess=2022-08-26}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Fl-1 ta' Marzu 2015, il-Mużew Ċiniż tal-palazz insteraq minn ħallelin professjonisti. Daħlu fil-binja għall-ħabta tas-sitt ta' filgħodu, u minkejja s-sistema ta' allarm u l-kameras li jieħdu l-filmati, f'seba' minuti l-ħallelin irnexxielhom jisirqu madwar ħmistax mill-iżjed oġġetti ta' valur fil-kollezzjoni, inkluż ir-replika tal-kuruna tas-Siam mogħtija mill-gvern Siamiż lil Napuljun III, mandala [[Tibet|Tibetana]], u kimera tal-enamel mir-renju tal-Imperatur [[Qianlong]] (1736-1795).&lt;ref&gt;{{Ċita web|url=https://www.lefigaro.fr/arts-expositions/2015/03/01/03015-20150301ARTFIG00132-important-vol-d-oeuvres-d-art-au-musee-chinois-de-fontainebleau.php|titlu=Important vol d'œuvres d'art au musée chinois de Fontainebleau|data=2015-03-01|sit=LEFIGARO|lingwa=fr|data-aċċess=2022-08-26}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Sit ta' Wirt Dinji ==
[[Stampa:Chateau Fontainebleau.jpg|nofs|daqsminuri|551x551px|Il-faċċata tal-Palazz ta' Fontainebleau.]]
Il-Palazz u l-Park ta' Fontainebleau ġew iddeżinjati bħala Sit ta' Wirt Dinji tal-UNESCO fl-1981.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

Il-valur universali straordinarju tas-sit ġie rrikonoxxut abbażi ta' żewġ kriterji tal-għażla tal-UNESCO: il-'''kriterju (ii)''' &quot;Wirja ta' skambju importanti ta' valuri umani, tul perjodu ta' żmien jew fi ħdan żona kulturali fid-dinja, dwar l-iżviluppi fl-arkitettura jew it-teknoloġija, l-arti monumentali, l-ippjanar tal-bliet jew id-disinn tal-pajsaġġ&quot;; u l-'''kriterju (vi)''' &quot;Assoċjazzjoni diretta jew tanġibbli ma' avvenimenti jew ma' tradizzjonijiet ħajjin, ma' ideat jew ma' twemmin, jew ma' xogħlijiet artistiċi jew letterarji ta' valur universali straordinarju&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== Biblijografija ==

* Allain, Yves-Marie (2006). ''L'art des jardins en Europe'' (bil-Franċiż). Pariġi: Citadelles &amp; Mazenod. &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 2-85088-087-6&lt;/nowiki&gt;.

* Carlier, Yves (2010). ''Histoire du château de Fontainebleau'' (bil-Franċiż). Pariġi: Editions Jean-Paul Gisserot. &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 978-2-75580-022-7&lt;/nowiki&gt;.

* Dan, Pierre (1642). ''Le Trésor des merveilles de la Maison Royale de Fontainebleau''. Pariġi: S. Cramoisy. OCLC 457360433; copy at INHA.

* Morel, Pierre (1967). ''Aspects de la France - Fontainebleau''. Artaud.

* Pérouse de Montclos, Jean-Marie (2009). ''Le château de Fontainebleau'' (bil-Franċiż). Pariġi: Nouvelles Éditions Scala. &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 9782359880045&lt;/nowiki&gt;.

* Salmon, Xavier (2011). ''Fontainebleau- Vrai demeure des rois, maison des siècles'' (bil-Franċiż). Versailles: Artlys. &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 978-2-85495-442-5&lt;/nowiki&gt;.

* Séguin, Philippe (1990). ''Lwiġi Napoléon Le Grand'' (bil-Franċiż). Pariġi: Bernard Grasset. &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 2-246-42951-X&lt;/nowiki&gt;.

== Referenzi ==

[[Kategorija:Siti ta' Wirt Dinji]]
[[Kategorija:Palazzi]]
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      </contributor>
      <comment>Paġna ġdida: {{twieldu|183|6|19}}</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="20" xml:space="preserve">{{twieldu|183|6|19}}</text>
      <sha1>m725sx6qela1or2lrx1aflmn81mabw8</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Mudell:Composition bar</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>28921</id>
    <revision>
      <id>279751</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-25T18:35:33Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Chrisportelli</username>
        <id>355</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paġna ġdida: &lt;div style=&quot;{{#ifeq:{{{width|}}}|auto||width: {{#iferror:{{#expr:{{{width|}}}}}|{{{width}}}|{{{width|100}}}px}};}}&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;{{formatnum:{{{1|50}}}}} / {{formatnum:{{{2|100}}}}}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;{{#ifeq:{{{border|{{{border-color|}}}}}}|none||box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid {{{border|{{{border-color|#aaa}}}}}};}} {{#if:{{{background-color|}}}|background-color: {{{background-color}}};}} height: 1.15em; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;background-color: {{...</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="724" xml:space="preserve">&lt;div style=&quot;{{#ifeq:{{{width|}}}|auto||width: {{#iferror:{{#expr:{{{width|}}}}}|{{{width}}}|{{{width|100}}}px}};}}&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;{{formatnum:{{{1|50}}}}} / {{formatnum:{{{2|100}}}}}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;{{#ifeq:{{{border|{{{border-color|}}}}}}|none||box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid {{{border|{{{border-color|#aaa}}}}}};}} {{#if:{{{background-color|}}}|background-color: {{{background-color}}};}} height: 1.15em; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;background-color: {{#if:{{{hex|#ccc}}}|{{{hex|#ccc}}}|rgb({{#expr:255*{{{3|255}}}}},{{#expr:255*{{{4|0}}}}},{{#expr:255*{{{5|0}}}}})}}; width: {{#expr:floor(100*{{{1|50}}}/{{{2|100}}})}}%; height: 100%;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;{{dokumentazzjoni}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>8pkwyt4wam73cq44dzzp5wg5bhvu475</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>279752</id>
      <parentid>279751</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-25T19:14:12Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Chrisportelli</username>
        <id>355</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="622" xml:space="preserve">&lt;div style=&quot;{{#ifeq:{{{width|}}}|auto||width: {{#iferror:{{#expr:{{{width|}}}}}|{{{width}}}|{{{width|100}}}px}};}}&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;{{formatnum:{{{1|50}}}}} / {{formatnum:{{{2|100}}}}}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;{{#ifeq:{{{border|{{{border-color|}}}}}}|none||box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid {{{border|{{{border-color|#aaa}}}}}};}} {{#if:{{{background-color|}}}|background-color: {{{background-color}}};}} height: 1.15em; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;background-color: {{{hex|#ccc}}}; width: {{#expr:floor(100*{{{1|50}}}/{{{2|100}}})}}%; height: 100%;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;{{dokumentazzjoni}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>nmhd49heln27gcrvh8pw4dq5fa8ajcq</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>279753</id>
      <parentid>279752</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-25T19:17:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Chrisportelli</username>
        <id>355</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Chrisportelli mexxa l-paġna [[Mudell:Barra tal-unità]] għal [[Mudell:Composition bar]] mingħajr ma ħalla rindirizz: isem iktar approprjat</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="622" xml:space="preserve">&lt;div style=&quot;{{#ifeq:{{{width|}}}|auto||width: {{#iferror:{{#expr:{{{width|}}}}}|{{{width}}}|{{{width|100}}}px}};}}&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;{{formatnum:{{{1|50}}}}} / {{formatnum:{{{2|100}}}}}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;{{#ifeq:{{{border|{{{border-color|}}}}}}|none||box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid {{{border|{{{border-color|#aaa}}}}}};}} {{#if:{{{background-color|}}}|background-color: {{{background-color}}};}} height: 1.15em; position: relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;background-color: {{{hex|#ccc}}}; width: {{#expr:floor(100*{{{1|50}}}/{{{2|100}}})}}%; height: 100%;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;{{dokumentazzjoni}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>nmhd49heln27gcrvh8pw4dq5fa8ajcq</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Mudell:Composition bar/dok</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>28922</id>
    <revision>
      <id>279754</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-25T19:17:47Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Chrisportelli</username>
        <id>355</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paġna ġdida: &lt;noinclude&gt;{{dokumentazzjoni mudell}}&lt;/noinclude&gt; Dan il-mudell juri [[:wiktionary:bar#English|barra]] li tirrapreżenta numru bħala proporzjon ta' numru ieħor.  == Użu ==  &lt;nowiki&gt;{{&lt;/nowiki&gt;Composition bar|''ammont''|''total''|''kulur tal-barra''}}  Il-parametri huma: * '''ammont''' – in-numru tal-unità * '''total''' – in-numru total tal-unità * '''kulur tal-barra''' – il-kulur tal-isfond tan-naħa tax-xellug tal-barra; jista' jiġi speċifikat l-isem tal-kulur,...</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1593" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;{{dokumentazzjoni mudell}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;
Dan il-mudell juri [[:wiktionary:bar#English|barra]] li tirrapreżenta numru bħala proporzjon ta' numru ieħor.

== Użu ==

&lt;nowiki&gt;{{&lt;/nowiki&gt;Composition bar|''ammont''|''total''|''kulur tal-barra''}}

Il-parametri huma:
* '''ammont''' – in-numru tal-unità
* '''total''' – in-numru total tal-unità
* '''kulur tal-barra''' – il-kulur tal-isfond tan-naħa tax-xellug tal-barra; jista' jiġi speċifikat l-isem tal-kulur, jew bil-hex (#rrbbgg) jew rgb (rgb(0–255,0–255,0–255))

== Eżempji ==

{| 
|-
! Kodiċi !! Riżultat
|-
| style=&quot;font-size: 95%&quot;| &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{Composition bar|50|100|hex=red}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
| {{Composition bar|50|100|hex=red}}
|-
| style=&quot;font-size: 95%&quot;| &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{Composition bar|50|100|hex=red|background-color=#DDD|border=none}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
| {{Composition bar|50|100|hex=red|background-color=#DDD|border=none}}
|-
| style=&quot;font-size: 95%&quot;| &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{Composition bar|50|100|hex=#99F|width=85%}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
| {{Composition bar|50|100|hex=#99F|width=85%}}
|-
| style=&quot;font-size: 95%&quot;| &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{Composition bar|75|100|#FF0}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
| {{Composition bar|75|100|hex=#FF0}}
|-
| style=&quot;font-size: 95%&quot;| &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{Composition bar|40|100|hex=#F00}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
| {{Composition bar|40|100|hex=#F00}}
|-
| style=&quot;font-size: 95%&quot;| &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{Composition bar|90|100|hex=#F0F0F0|background-color=#F00}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
| {{Composition bar|90|100|hex=#F0F0F0|background-color=#F00}}
|}

&lt;includeonly&gt;
[[Kategorija:Mudelli grafiċi|{{PAGENAME}}]]
&lt;/includeonly&gt;</text>
      <sha1>6u284edkzuls98ke1pl0hvdqv4p012l</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Kategorija:Mudelli grafiċi</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>28923</id>
    <revision>
      <id>279756</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-25T19:21:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Chrisportelli</username>
        <id>355</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paġna ġdida: [[Kategorija:Mudelli tal-ifformattjar|Grafiċi]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="48" xml:space="preserve">[[Kategorija:Mudelli tal-ifformattjar|Grafiċi]]</text>
      <sha1>c4pk8yuha47qmgzcbqmka536eydjv0s</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Pellegrinaġġ ta’ San Ġakbu</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>28924</id>
    <redirect title="Pellegrinaġġ ta&#039; San Ġakbu" />
    <revision>
      <id>279762</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-25T19:38:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Chrisportelli</username>
        <id>355</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Chrisportelli mexxa l-paġna [[Pellegrinaġġ ta’ San Ġakbu]] għal [[Pellegrinaġġ ta' San Ġakbu]]: [[:w:WP:'|WP:']]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="45" xml:space="preserve">#RINDIRIZZA [[Pellegrinaġġ ta' San Ġakbu]]</text>
      <sha1>01s6vejebmtxatu77lxj80cgi6c8baw</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Kategorija:Timijiet nazzjonali tal-futbol tal-Amerika ta' Fuq</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>28925</id>
    <revision>
      <id>279767</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-25T19:58:41Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Chrisportelli</username>
        <id>355</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paġna ġdida: [[Kategorija:Timijiet nazzjonali tal-futbol|Amerika ta' Fuq]] [[Kategorija:Futbol fl-Amerika ta' Fuq]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="102" xml:space="preserve">[[Kategorija:Timijiet nazzjonali tal-futbol|Amerika ta' Fuq]]
[[Kategorija:Futbol fl-Amerika ta' Fuq]]</text>
      <sha1>omy16huipvd17jcjzyah7pvlyefckud</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Mudell:Ċċentra</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>28926</id>
    <revision>
      <id>279771</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-26T08:13:21Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Mtonna257</username>
        <id>17384</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Mudell li jiċċentra l-kliem (en. allign to center)</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="305" xml:space="preserve">&lt;includeonly&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;center&quot; style=&quot;width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;{{#if: {{{style|}}} | {{{style}}};}}&quot;&gt;{{{1|[[Category:Pages using center with no arguments]]}}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;
&lt;!--Categories and interwikis go in the /doc sub-page.--&gt;
{{Dokumentazzjoni}}
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>dko7jw7zy0frbd1rayx4ra70yenh4r1</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
</mediawiki>