Wikipedia nsowiki https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/Letlakala_la_pele MediaWiki 1.48.0-wmf.3 first-letter Media Special Bolediša Mošomi Boledišana le Mošomi Wikipedia Dipolelo tša Wikipedia Seswantšho Poledišano ya Seswantšho MediaWiki Poledišano ya MediaWiki Template Poledišano ya Template Thušo Poledišano ya Thušo Setensele Poledišano ya Setensele TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 12797 56542 52955 2026-11-11T01:01:12Z InternetArchiveBot 5150 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 56542 wikitext text/x-wiki "'''Jump'''" ke koša ya seopedi sa Afrika Borwa [[Tyla]], rapper ya Amerika Gunna le rapper ya Jamaica Skillibeng, go tšwa go [[Tyla (alebamo)|alebamo ya mathomo ya Tyla ya 2024 yeo e itlhamilego ka leina]]. E ngwadilwe ke bo-rabokgabo ba bararo, Ari PenSmith, Mocha, Believve, le motšweletši wa yona Sammy Soso. Fax le Epic Records di rometše koša ye go diteišene tša radio tša morethetho ka Amerika ka letšatši la 14 Motsheganong 2024 bjalo ka sefela sa bone sa alebamo. "Jump" ke mofutakwalo kopanyo ya Afrobeats, dancehall le hip hop le elements ya amapiano. Košang ye, Tyla o tsebagatša go ipona o le bohlokwa gomme o tumiša motse wa gabo [[Johannesburg]]. Ge ba lokollwa, basekaseki ba ile ba reta tiragatšo ya Tyla ka go itshepa mola ba bangwe ba be ba sola tšobotsi ya Gunna. "Jump" e ile ya tšhata ka nomoro ya 18 ka Afrika Borwa, nomoro ya 3 go US Afrobeats Songs le nomoro ya 38 go UK Singles Chart, ya ba koša ya Tyla ya bobedi tšhateng ya UK top-40. Bidio ya mmino yeo e laotšwego ke Nabil gomme ya tšewa filiming ka Johannesburg e lokolotšwe ka la 20 Motsheganong 2024. == Lemorago le tokollo == Tyla o ngwadile "Jump" mmogo le badirišani ba gagwe ba kgafetšakgafetša Believve, Mocha, Ari PenSmith, le motšweletši wa koša Sammy SoSo.<ref name="Billboard Cover">{{Cite web |last=Mamo |first=Heran |date=28 March 2024 |title=Tyla: 'Water' Singer Vows There's 'No Way to Stop Me' After Global Hit |url=https://www.billboard.com/music/rb-hip-hop/tyla-water-song-hit-global-billboard-cover-1235642263/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240328161327/https://www.billboard.com/music/rb-hip-hop/tyla-water-song-hit-global-billboard-cover-1235642263/ |archive-date=28 March 2024 |access-date=26 May 2024 |website=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]}}</ref> Go ya ka SoSo, ditšo tše di fapafapanego tša sehlopha ka go se ikemišetše di hlotše kopanyo ya mohutana go "Jump".<ref name="OkayAfrica">{{Cite web |last=Hellerbach |first=Miki |date=4 April 2024 |title=Sammy Soso's Secret Behind Producing Tyla's 'Water' and Her Debut Album |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/tyla-water-producer-sammy-soso/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240515231857/https://www.okayafrica.com/tyla-water-producer-sammy-soso/ |archive-date=15 May 2024 |access-date=26 May 2024 |website=[[OkayAfrica]]}}</ref> Nakong ya ketelo ya Tyla Jamaica ka Diphalane ngwageng wa 2023, o ile a theeletša pina ye gape gomme a bona e nyaka modumo wa Jamaica gomme a tsebiša sehlopha sa gagwe go ikgokaganya le Skillibeng bakeng sa tšobotsi.<ref name="Dancehall Mag">{{Cite web |last=Mallick |first=Dani |date=22 March 2024 |title=Tyla Taps Skillibeng, Gunna For 'Jump' Off Her New Album: Listen |url=https://www.dancehallmag.com/2024/03/22/music/tyla-taps-skillibeng-gunna-for-jump-off-her-new-album-listen.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240509165134/https://www.dancehallmag.com/2024/03/22/music/tyla-taps-skillibeng-gunna-for-jump-off-her-new-album-listen.html |archive-date=9 May 2024 |access-date=26 May 2024 |website=DancehallMag}}</ref> Ka nako yeo, o be a boletše gape le Gunna ka mogala ka tirišano. Ka ge a kgahlilwe ke kgahlego ya gagwe go Afrobeats le lerato la gagwe la setšo sa mmino wa Afrika, Tyla o be a nagana gore Gunna o tla phagamiša "Jump" gomme a e fa modumo wo o makgwakgwa, wa mmino wa hip hop.<ref name="Capital Interview" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Irvin |first=Jack |date=22 March 2024 |title=Tyla Talks Winning a Grammy and Releasing Her Debut Album (Exclusive) |url=https://people.com/tyla-grammy-win-south-africa-debut-album-exclusive-interview-8619317 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240404044137/https://people.com/tyla-grammy-win-south-africa-debut-album-exclusive-interview-8619317 |archive-date=4 April 2024 |access-date=26 May 2024 |website=[[People (magazine)|People]]}}</ref> "Jump" e lokolotšwe ka Fax le Epic Records ka letšatši la 22 Mopitlo ngwageng wa 2024 bjalo ka koša ya senyane go [[Tyla (alebamo)|alebamo ya mathomo ya setudio ya Tyla yeo e itlhametšego sehlogo]]. Bidio ya mantšu ao a sepedišanago le yona e ile ya abelanwa go YouTube ka lona letšatši leo.<ref>{{Cite web |date=22 March 2024 |title=Tyla, Gunna, Skillibeng - Jump (Official Lyric Video) |url=https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=r5a8oIOuerE |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240418041914/https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=r5a8oIOuerE |archive-date=18 April 2024 |access-date=26 May 2024 |publisher=TylaVevo |via=[[YouTube]]}}</ref> Ka letšatši la 14 Motsheanong ngwageng wa 2024, e ile ya hlankelwa go diteišene tša radio tša sebjalebjale tša morethetho kua United States bjalo ka sefela sa bone go tšwa alebamong.<ref name="Rhythmic">{{Cite web |date=14 May 2024 |title=Crossover - Your Radio Add Recaps |url=https://hitsdailydouble.com/news%26id%3D341246 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240520100242/https://hitsdailydouble.com/news%26id%3D341246 |archive-date=20 May 2024 |access-date=20 May 2024 |website=[[Hits (magazine)|Hits]]}}</ref> ==Ditšhupetšo== {{reflist}}   tkfi3yg3vq6rx6z8gnbmn25lwsfh9kf 0 13604 56544 55918 2026-11-11T01:11:23Z InternetArchiveBot 5150 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 56544 wikitext text/x-wiki Ka la Morena [[Seswantšho:Sunday_and_the_Sabbath_question_(IA_sundaysabbathque00hardiala).pdf|thumb|313x313px|La Morena]] '''LaMorena''' ke letšatši le bohlokwa leo batho ba hlankelago Morena. Ke letšatši leo bakiresete ba yago di kerekeng go ya go hlankela modimo. Ka la Morena batho ba a rapela, ba opela dikoša tša kereke, ebile go theeletšwa le dikoša tša semoya. Go [[reriwa]] lentšu la morena ka go ruta batho tsela yeo e lego gore batho ba swanetše go phela ka gona gore ba kgone go tlo ba batho bao ba nepilego. Letšatši la Morena e le go Sontaga, le thuša batho gore ba kgone go gola semoyeng le gore ba kgone go tseba ka histori ya ngwana modimo.Gape ebile bangwe ba le bitša letšatši leo le kgethilwego ke morena gore ebe la maikhutšo ka ge go bolelwela gore ke letšatši la bo šupa leo e lego gore modimo o ile a khutša ka lona ge a bopa legodimo le lefase. <ref>{{Cite book|last=Zerubavel|first=Eviatar|title=The Seven Day Circle|url=https://archive.org/details/sevendaycirclehi0000zeru|date=15 march 1989|publisher=University of Chicago Press|year=march 15, 1989|isbn=978-0226981659|edition=Reprint|location=Chicago|publication-date=15 march 1989|language=ISO 639}}</ref> Godimo ga fao, [[letšatši la morena]] le godiša kwano magareng a malapa le ditšhaba. Malapa aya kerekeng mmogo gomme se se tiiša tumelo ya bona go tee le kamano ya bona. Dikopano tsa kerekeng di thuša bangwe gore ba kgone go kwešiša maphelo a bona, ka ge ba kgona go kopana le batho ba dira segwera, ba botšana ka tša bophelo le go thekgana. Gape Sontaga e thuša gore motho a kgone go i tekola le go rapela. Ba dumedi ba tšeya letšatši le go leboga modimo ka ditšhegofatšo tšeo a ba direlago tšona le go kgopela go bontšhwa tsela ka matšatši ao a latelago.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Vaida|first=Cristian|date=2023-02-28|title=Sabbath and Sunday: The meaning of the day of rest in the ancient church – A hope for the future?|url=https://hts.org.za/index.php/hts/article/view/8263|journal=HTS Teologiese Studies / Theological Studies|language=en|volume=79|issue=1|pages=7|doi=10.4102/hts.v79i1.8263|issn=2072-8050}}</ref> Se se direla gore motho o mongwe le o mongwe a kgone go lekola mediro ya gagwe , le go ipeela dipakane tša semoya. Go tšwa kerekeng, malapa a boya gae ba ja dijo tša sontaga ba dutši go tee ebile go thabilwe . Ba buša gape ba bolela ka tšeo di diragetšego kerekeng le molaetša wo ba o hweditšego wa letšatši. Se sengwe ka sontaga ke gore, ka morago ga beke ya go lapišwa ke mebereko, maikarabelo le dikolo batho ba kgona go ikhutša semoyeng le mmeleng. Ba kereki ka bontšhi ba tshepa gore go khutša ka la Morena go tsamaišana le taetšo ya mangwalong a makgethwa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=adventis.org - This; website is for sale! - Resources and Information. |url=http://www.adventis.org/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190823192240/http://www.adventis.org/ |archive-date=2019-08-23 |access-date=2026-02-26 |website=adventis.org |language=en |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ka go ikhutša le go kgaogana le dilwanalwana tšeo de sego bohlokwa, ba dumedi ba kgona go ilekola ka maphelo a bona le go tiiša ditumelo tša bona. Letšatši la morena le bohlokwago ba dumedi ba bantšhi. Ke letšatši leo le beilwego gore go tumišwe, go khutšiwe, letšatši la dikopano le ditemogo.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Zerubavel|first=Eviatar|title=The Seven Day Circle|url=https://archive.org/details/sevendaycirclehi0000zeru|date=15 march 1989|publisher=University of Chicago Press|year=march 15, 1989|isbn=978-0226981659|edition=Reprint|location=Chicago|publication-date=15 march 1989|language=ISO 639}}</ref> == Ditšhupetšo == <references /> i9xc9at14pon4kuri27qhbxe3aju6nj 0 13818 56539 54872 2026-11-11T00:41:17Z InternetArchiveBot 5150 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 56539 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Seswantšho:Kwame Nkrumah on a Soviet stamp (80th anniversary of his birth) 1989 CPA 6101.jpg|thumb]] Afrika Afrika ke lefase la bobedi ka bogolo mo lefaseng. Gape ke kontinete ya bobedi ya go ba le batho bantši mo lefaseng. E na le dinaga tše masomehlanonne (54)[1] Nako ya Bokolone Dinaga tša Afrika di ile tša swara boima ka nako ya bokolone. Mo di be di palelwa ke go ipuša mobung wa tšona. Bantši bo ile bja fetoga makgoba ka nako ya bokolone. [2] Bošoro bja Bokolone Ka nako ya bokolone bophelo bo be bo le boima kudu ka mo Afrika. Batho ba be ba phela go baba. Mola ba bangwe ba tlogedišwa ditšo tša bo bona. E be e le nako ya gaphamadi. Batho ba be ba bolawa boka ditšie. Bophelo bo be bo se le botse ka nako ya bokolone. Dinaga ka moka di be di goga boima ntle le Egepeta, gobane yona e be e ikeme ka boyona. Boikemelo bja Afrika Naga ya pele ya go thoma go ikemela ke naga ya Liberia ka ngwaga wa 1847 ka tlase a baetapele bja morena Roberts. Le ge o le bjalo boikemelo bo bonwe gabotse ka naga ya Ghana ka ngwaga wa 1957- 1960. Ke mo dinaga tša Afrika di ilego tša thoma go ikemela, efela tše dingwe di tšeele nako ye telele go ikemela. [3] References: Here are solid references for the history of Africa, covering different eras and angles: 1. *General Academic Histories* - *"General History of Africa" – UNESCO, 8 volumes*     The most comprehensive academic series, written by African and international historians. Covers from prehistory to 1990s. Free PDF versions exist online. Good if you want depth and African perspectives. - *"Africa: A Biography of the Continent" by John Reader, 1997*     Written for general readers. Mixes archaeology, geography, and history from human origins to modern times. Very readable. - *"Africa: A History" by J.D. Fage & William Tordoff, 5th ed. 2001*     Standard university textbook. Clear, concise, covers from early societies to post-colonial states. 2. *Focused on Specific Eras* - *Ancient Africa*: "Ancient Egypt" by Barry Kemp, and "Kingdoms of the Nile" by Kathryn Bard - *Pre-colonial Kingdoms*: "African Kingdoms" by Saheed Adejumobi – covers Mali, Songhai, Great Zimbabwe, Ethiopia, etc. - *Colonial & Independence Era*: "The Scramble for Africa" by Thomas Pakenham; "Decolonization and African Society" by Frederick Cooper 3. *Online & Free Resources* - *BBC History – Africa*     http://bbc.co.uk/history/ancient/africa     Short articles on major topics, good starting point. - *Encyclopedia Britannica – History of Africa*     Well-sourced overview with timelines. - *African History Network – YouTube*     Lectures and documentaries by African historians. Good if you prefer video. 4. *Primary Sources & Archives* - *Digital Innovation South Africa (DISA)* – https://web.archive.org/web/20240619170653/http://disa.ukzn.ac.za/     Archives of anti-colonial movements, speeches, newspapers. - *UNESCO Slave Route Project* – documents on trans-Atlantic and Indian Ocean slave trade. If you tell me what part of African history you’re interested in - ancient Egypt, Mali Empire, colonialism, apartheid, post-1960 independence - I’ll narrow it to th 0kpwg4t2iop0l04s0eac060sozhi0ok 0 13945 56545 55394 2026-11-11T01:41:30Z InternetArchiveBot 5150 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 56545 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sefagafaga (Sefagafaga Magic Tree)''' [[Seswantšho:Sefagafaga tree.jpg]] Sefagafaga (Sefagafaga Magic Tree) ke sehlare sa bohlokwa bja setšo seo se hwetšwago Mafefe, ka gare ga Mmasepala wa Selegae wa Lepelle-Nkumpi, Kgaolong ya Capricorn, Profenseng ya Limpopo, Afrika Borwa. Sehlare se se tšewa e le lefelo la setšo le la bohlokwa go badudi ba tikologo, gomme ke karolo ya mafelo a bohwa bja setšo a lefelong leo.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |url=https://www.lepelle-nkumpi.gov.za/lepelle-nkumpi-admin/pages/sites/lepellenkumpi/documents/strategies/Draft_Tourism_Plan%202019.pdf |title=Archive copy |access-date=2026-08-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251206181753/https://www.lepelle-nkumpi.gov.za/lepelle-nkumpi-admin/pages/sites/lepellenkumpi/documents/strategies/Draft_Tourism_Plan%202019.pdf |archive-date=2025-12-06 |url-status=dead}}</ref> '''Histori le bohlokwa bja setšo''' Sefagafaga se tswalanywa le ditlwaelo tša setšo le ditumelo tša badudi ba Mafefe. Setšhaba sa lefelong leo se dira meletlo ya setšo le ditiragalo tša semoya kgauswi le sehlare se, gomme se tšewa e le lefelo la bohlokwa bja semoya le bohwa bja setšo.<ref name=":1">https://www.lepelle-nkumpi.gov.za/lepelle-nkumpi-admin/pages/sites/lepellenkumpi/documents/strategies/Draft%20LED%20Strategy%202019.pdf</ref> Ka lebaka la maemo a sona a go hlompšha ka setšo, go ka ba le dinako tše dingwe moo go fihlelela sehlare se go thibelwago morago ga ge go dirilwe meletlo ya setšo, gore go hlompšhe ditlwaelo le melao ya setšhaba.<ref name=":0" /> Sefagafaga se emela tswalano magareng ga ditshepedišo tša tsebo ya setšo sa Maafrika, ditumelo tša setšo le tikologo ya tlhago. Se tšewa e le se sengwe sa maswao a setšo ao a thušago go aga boitsebišo le bohwa bja setšhaba sa Mafefe. '''Boeti''' Sefagafaga se lemogilwe bjalo ka lefelo leo le ka godišago boeti ka gare ga Mmasepala wa Lepelle-Nkumpi. Lefelo le ke karolo ya menyetla ya boeti bja tlhago le bja setšo tikologong yeo.<ref name=":1" /> Go hlabolla lefelo le gore e be lefelo la boeti go swanetše go dirwa ka tlhompho ya ditlwaelo tša setšo le ka go boledišana le maloko a setšhaba sa lefelong leo. Tšhireletšo le tema ya setšhaba Go boloka Sefagafaga go ithekgile kudu ka thušo le tema ya setšhaba sa Mafefe. Tšhireletšo ya sehlare se e akaretša go hlokomela bohlokwa bja sona bja setšo mola go kgonthišetšwa gore baeti ba kwešiša le go hlompha ditlwaelo tšeo di amanago le lefelo le.<ref name=":0" /> Ditšhupetšo 1. Lepelle-Nkumpi Local Municipality. Tourism Plan: Sefagafaga Magic Tree. Lepelle-Nkumpi Local Municipality.<ref name=":0" /> 2. Lepelle-Nkumpi Local Municipality. Integrated Development Plan (IDP) 2026/2027. Lepelle-Nkumpi Local Municipality.<ref name=":1" /> jb72yvdosdb1vg5u3g8r78hpo2aaktk 0 14104 56538 55810 2026-11-11T00:39:07Z InternetArchiveBot 5150 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 56538 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Carex buchananii''''', yeo e tsebegago kudu ka maina a go swana le '''Buchanan's sedge''', '''bjang bjo bo segwago''', ke mohuta wa sedge (ka lapeng la Cyperaceae). E hwetšwa ka New Zealand, e hwetšwa ka bobedi Dihlakahlakeng tša Leboa le Borwa. Ga e na le maswafe go ya ka Dimela tša lefase inthaneteng, eupša e na le a mabedi go ya ka New Zealand Plant Conservation Network. == Tlhalošo == Ke sedge ya go thoma go seka ka boso bjo bohubedu,ebile e mehla ka go ba le di tufted tše di kitimago. E thunya go tloga ka Diphalane go fihla ka Manthole gomme e tšweletša dienywa go tloga ka Dibatsela go fihla ka Phato gomme dinate di phatlalatšwa ke granivory le phefo. == Kabo le bodulo == Ga e a tlwaelega Sehlakahlakeng sa Leboa, e hwetšwa ka borwa bja Manawatu. Sehlakahlakeng sa Borwa e hwetšwa kudu eupša ga se ya hwetšwa ka Westland le Fiordland. E hwetšwa go tšwa lebopong go ya dithabeng (go ya bophagamong bja 1000 m) e mela go tloga mabopong le mabopong le mathopong a letsha le melapo. == Boemo bja pabalelo == Dikelo ka fase ga Tšhupeditšo ya go Hlopha Tšhošetšo ya New Zealand (NZTCS), di tšweleditšwe gore ga e Kotsing ka 2013, eupša ka 2017 gore e "Kotsing ,e Fokotšega" (Dec). Kua UK, e naturalized gomme e tšewa bjalo ka mohuta wa go hlahla. == Taxonomy le go rea maina == E hlalositšwe la mathomo ka 1880 ke Sven Berggren, yo a e filego leina le le itšego,''Buchanani'' (bjale ''buchananii''), go hlompha šomiši sa dimela sa New Zealand John Buchanan (1819–1898). == Ditšhupetšo == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist|refs=<ref name=bergr>Berggren, S. (1880) [https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/34981627 "New New Zealand Plants"], Journal of Botany 18: 104</ref> <ref name=nzor>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nzor.org.nz/names/b3bf4780-221a-4aab-9844-e52a3f3c46b3|title=NZOR Name Details - Carex buchananii Berggr. |website=www.nzor.org.nz|access-date=2019-11-20}}</ref> <ref name=nzpcn>{{Cite web|url=http://nzpcn.org.nz/flora_details.aspx?ID=1400|title=Carex buchananii {{!}} New Zealand Plant Conservation Network|website=nzpcn.org.nz|access-date=2019-11-20}}</ref> <ref name=list>de Lange, P.J. ''et al.''{{cite web|url=https://www.doc.govt.nz/globalassets/documents/science-and-technical/nztcs22entire.pdf|title= Conservation status of New Zealand indigenous vascular plants, 2017|date=2017|page=9}}</ref> <ref name=powo>{{Cite web|url=http://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:298966-1|title=Carex buchananii Berggr. {{!}} Plants of the World Online {{!}} Kew Science|website=Plants of the World Online|access-date=2019-11-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191019195438/http://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:298966-1|archive-date=2019-10-19|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name=invasive>{{Cite journal|url=https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/112975|title=Invasive species compendium: Carex buchananii|last=|first=|date=2019|website=www.cabi.org|doi=10.1079/cabicompendium.112975 |url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201020204046/https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/112975 |archive-date=20 October 2020 |access-date=2019-11-19|doi-access=free}}</ref> <ref name=thorsen>{{cite journal|last1=Thorsen| first1=M.J.|last2=Dickinson|first2=K.J.M.|last3=Seddon|first3=P.J. |title=Seed dispersal systems in the New Zealand flora|journal=Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics|volume=11|issue=4|year=2009| pages=285–309|issn=1433-8319|doi=10.1016/j.ppees.2009.06.001| bibcode=2009PPEES..11..285T}}</ref>}} == Dikgokagano tša ka ntle == * [http://nzpcn.org.nz/flora_details.aspx?ID=1400 ''Carex buchananii'' Neteweke ya Pabalelo ya Dimela ya New Zealand] * [https://www.gbif.org/species/2712244 ''Carex buchananii'' ya data ketsahalo] ho tloha GBIF * {{Taxonbar|from=Q2938380}} ko5o4i0415mvhxpad3l96rvokj1kchp 0 14105 56541 55811 2026-11-11T00:52:15Z InternetArchiveBot 5150 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 56541 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />'''Eriocaulaceae''' ke lapa la dibjalo tša matšoba a monocotyledonous ka tatelano ya Poales, yeo ka tlwaelo e tsebjago bjalo ka '''lapa la pipewort'''. Lapa ke le legolo, ka mehuta ye e ka bago 1,207 ye e tsebjago yeo e hlalošitšwego ka meloko ye seswai. Di phatlalatšwa kudu, ka mafelo a go fapafapana bakeng sa sehlopha seo se diregago mafelong a borutho, kudu kudu [[Amerika|dinageng tša Amerika]]. Mehuta e sego kae kudu e atologela mafelong a borutho, go ena le mehuta ye 16 feela ka gare ga [[United States of America|United States]], bontši e le dinageng tša ka borwa go tloga California go ya Florida, mehuta e mebedi feela kua [[Canada]], le mohuta o tee feela (''Eriocaulon aquaticum'') kua [[Europa|Yuropa]]. Di na le tshekamelo ya go tswalanywa le mabu a kolobilego, a mantši a gola ka meetseng a sa tsepamago. Se se begwa gape go tšwa lefelong la go fiša la Western Ghats karolong ya ka borwa ya India. Mehuta ye ke bontši bja dibjalo tša go phela nako ye telele tša mešunkwane,le ge e le gore tše dingwe ke dibjalo tša ngwaga; di swana le dibjalo ka malapeng a tswalanago a Cyperaceae (sedges) le Juncaceae (rushes),gomme go swana le tšona,di na le matšoba a manyenyane kudu,ao a nago le peu ya phefo ao a hlophišitšwego gotee ka dithunya tše di swanago le capitulum. == Meloko ya Meloko == Meloko ye seswai ga bjale e amogetšwe. * ''Comanthera'' {{Small|L.B.Sm.}} * ''Eriocaulon'' {{Small|L.}} – diphaephe tša go swana le diphaephe * ''Leiothrix'' {{Small|Ruhland}} * ''Mesanthemum'' {{Small|Körn.}} * ''Monosperma'' {{Small|(Hensold) Andrino}} * ''P aepalanthus'' {{Small|Mart.}} (mahlalosetšagotee ''Actinocephalus'', ''Lachnocaulon'' (bogbutton) le ''Tonina'' ) * ''Rondonanthus'' {{Small|Herzog}} * ''Syngonanthus'' {{Small|Ruhland}} == Bona gape == * Delia Abbiatti o ile a hlokomela == Ditšhupetšo == {{Reflist}}<gallery> File:Eriocaulon_decangulare.jpg|alt=Eriocaulon decangulare flowerhead| ''Eriocaulon decangulare'' hlooho ya palesa </gallery> == Dikgokagano tša ka ntle == * [http://delta-intkey.com/angio/www/eriocaul.htm Eriocaulaceae] ka go [https://web.archive.org/web/20101213041459/http://delta-intkey.com/angio/ L. Watson le M. J. Dallwitz (1992 go ya pele).] [https://web.archive.org/web/20101213041459/http://delta-intkey.com/angio/ Malapa a dimela tse thunya.] {{Angiosperm families}}{{Taxonbar|from=Q131321}}{{Authority control}}{{Automatic taxobox|image=Eriocaulon decangulare (1832).jpg|image_caption=''[[Eriocaulon decangulare]]''<br />1832 illustration<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.meemelink.com/prints%20pages/16604.Eriocaulaceae%20-%20Eriocaulon%20decangulare.htm|title=From: Curtis's botanical magazine; or flower garden displayed. London, 1832, volume 59 (plate 3126).|access-date=2014-08-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061023103820/http://www.meemelink.com/prints%20pages/16604.Eriocaulaceae%20-%20Eriocaulon%20decangulare.htm|archive-date=2006-10-23|url-status=dead}}</ref>|taxon=Eriocaulaceae|authority=[[Ivan Martinov|Martinov]]<ref name=APGIII2009>{{Cite journal |last=Angiosperm Phylogeny Group |year=2009 |title=An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III |journal=Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=161 |issue=2 |pages=105–121 |doi=10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x |doi-access=free |hdl=10654/18083 |hdl-access=free }}</ref>|subdivision_ranks=[[Genus|Genera]]|subdivision=8; see text|subdivision_ref=<ref name = powo>{{cite web |title=Eriocaulaceae Martinov |url=https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000867-2 |website=[[Plants of the World Online]] |publisher=[[Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew]] |access-date=10 April 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260208223923/https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000867-2 |archive-date=8 February 2026 |url-status=dead}}</ref>}} ruxzcs0wjtxgtmlnar53qlgms336mcn 0 14176 56543 56055 2026-11-11T01:02:55Z InternetArchiveBot 5150 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 56543 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Automatic taxobox|taxon=Aloe|image=Aloe arborescens on Monte Vumba (4387600468).jpg|image_caption=''[[Aloe arborescens]]''|authority=[[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]<ref name="POWO">{{cite web|title=''Aloe'' L.|date=2026|work=Plants of the World Online|url=https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30106039-2|publisher=[[Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew]]|access-date=16 September 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260912023658/https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30106039-2|archive-date=12 September 2026|url-status=dead}}</ref>|display_parents=2|subdivision_ranks=Species|subdivision=See [[#Species|Species]]|type_species=''[[Aloe perfoliata]]''|type_species_authority=L.|synonyms_ref=<ref name="POWO"/>|synonyms={{Species list|hidden=yes |Agriodendron|Endl. |× Alamaealoe|P.V.Heath |× Alchamaloe|G.D.Rowley |× Aleptoe|G.D.Rowley |× Allauminia|G.D.Rowley |× Allemeea|P.V.Heath |× Aloella|G.D.Rowley |Aloinella|(A.Berger) Lemée |× Aloptaloe|P.V.Heath |Atevala|Raf. |× Bleckara|P.V.Heath |Busipho|Salisb. |Chamaealoe|A.Berger |× Chamaeleptaloe|Rowley |Guillauminia|A.Bertrand |× Lemeea|P.V.Heath |× Leminia|P.V.Heath |Leptaloe|Stapf |× Leptaloinella|G.D.Rowley |× Leptauminia|G.D.Rowley |× Lomataloe|Guillaumin |Lomatophyllum|Willd. |Pachidendron|Haw. |Phylloma|Ker Gawl. |Rhipidodendrum|Willd. }}}}<gallery> File:Aloe_vossii_-_plant_(aka).jpg|alt=Aloe vossii| ''kgopga vossii ya go swana le yona'' File:Aloe_rubroviolacea2.jpg|alt=A. rubroviolacea| ''A. rubroviolacea ya go swana le yona'' File:Aloe_albiflora_flowers.png|alt=Not all aloes only have tublar flowers| Ga se di-kgopa ka moka tšeo di nago le matšoba a tublar feela File:Aloe_africana_1.jpg|alt=Aloe africana (Uitenhage aloe)| ''kgopha afrikana'' (Aloe ya Uitenhage) . File:Gardenology-IMG_5394_hunt10mar.jpg|alt=Aloe marlothii (flat-flowered aloe)| ''kgopha marlothii'' (kgoopha ya matšoba a sephaphathi) . File:Aloe_pluridens_(3).jpg|alt=Aloe pluridens (French aloe)| ''kgopha pluridens'' (kgopha ya Sefora) . File:Aloe_excelsa_at_Mount_Coot-tha.JPG|alt=Aloe excelsa (Zimbabwe aloe)| ''kgopha excelsa'' (kgophaa ya Zimbabwe) . File:Aloe_rupestris,_vroeë_bloeiwyse,_Pretoria.jpg|alt=Aloe rupestris (bottlebrush aloe)| ''kgopha rupestris'' (kgopha ya borashe bja mabotlelo) . File:Aloe_speciosa_-_tilt_head_aloe.jpg|alt=Aloe hexapetala (tilt-headed aloe)| ''kgopha hexapetala'' (aloe ya hlogo ya go sekama) . File:Blooming_aloes_wide_view_alternate,_with_bright_sun_behind.jpg|alt=Blooming Aloe arborescens| Go thunya ''[[Sekgopha|kgopha arborescens]]'' File:Aloe_cooperi_in_flower_IMG_1702e.JPG|alt=Aloe cooperi (Kumara plicatilis in background on the right)| ''kgopha cooperi'' ( ''Kumara plicatilis'' ka morago ka go le letona) . File:Aloe_hereroensis_Auob_C15.JPG|alt=Aloe hereroensis| ''kgopha hereroensis ya go swana le yona'' File:Aloe_molederana.jpg|alt=Aloe molederana| ''kgopha molederana ya go swana le yona'' File:Aloe_dijboutiensis_whole_plant.jpg|alt=Aloe dijboutiensis| ''kgopha dijboutiensis ya go swana le yona'' File:Aloe_peglerae01.jpg|alt=Aloe peglerae| ''Di-peglera tša kgopha'' File:Aloe_saponaria_1.jpg|alt=Aloe maculata - prev. A. saponaria (soap aloe)| ''kgopha maculata'' - pele. ''A. saponaria'' (aloe ya sesepa) . File:Aloe_reitzii_flowers.jpg| ''kgopha reitzii'' File:Aloe_arborescens_leaf_cross_section.jpg|alt=Aloe arborescens leaf cross section| ''kgopha arborescens'' lekhasi sefapano karolo File:Aloe_karasbergensis_young_plant.jpg|alt=Aloe karasbergensis - Plant 2023-0010-3| ''kgopha karasbergensis'' - Semela </gallery>{{AfricanPlants|Aloe}} [[File:Split_Aloe.jpg|thumb|240x240px| Dimela tše di nago le lerojana, tše bjalo ka kgopha, di boloka meetse matlakaleng a tšona a go godišwa a go bonala.]] [[File:Aloe_Vera_houseplant.jpg|alt=Aloe vera houseplant|thumb| metlwa godimo ga sebjalo sa ka gae ''sa kggopha.'']] '''''Kgopha''''' gape e ngwadilw kgopha ke mohuta wo o nago le mehuta ye 594 ya dimela tše di nago le matšoba. Mehuta ye e tsebjago kudu ke ''Aloe vera'', goba "kgopha ya kgonthe", yeo e bjalwago bjalo ka mothopo wa go šomišwa ka gae le Ditlaleletšo tša dijo. Mehuta ye mengwe, go swana le ''Aloe ferox'', le yona e bjalwa goba e bunwa lešokeng bakeng sa tirišo e swanago. Tshepedišo ya APG IV (2016) e bea mohuta ka lapeng la Asphodelaceae, lapa la ka fasana la Asphodeloideae . Ka gare ga lapa la ka fasana, e ka bewa ka molokong wa Nakong e fetilego, e be e abetšwe lapa la Aloaceae (bjale le akaretšwa ka go Asphodeloidae) goba lapa le le akantšwego ka bophara la Liliaceae (lapa la lily). . Mohuta wo o tšwa molatšatšing le ka borwa bja Afrika[[Madagascar|r]], Pheninsula ya Arabia, India, le dihlakahlakeng tša [[Indian Ocean|india]]<nowiki/>Mehuta ya diphedi tše di fapafapanego e tsebišitšwe ka bophara Tikologo ya Mediterranean, bohlabela bja Australia, Borwa-bohlabela bja Asia, le Amerika Leboa le Borwa. == Leina == == Tlhaloso == Bontši bja mehuta ya ''kgopha'' e na le rosette ya matlakala a magolo, a matelele, a go bonala . Matšoba a kgopha ke a diphaephe, gantši a serolane, a mmala wa namune, a khubedu goba a mahwibidu, gomme a rwala, a kgobokane ka go kitima ebile a lekeleditšwe, ntlheng ya dikutu tše bonolo goba tša makala, tše di se nago matlakala. Mehuta ye mentši ya ''kgopha'' e bonala e se na dikutu, ka rosette e gola thwii maemong a fase; mehuta ye mengwe e ka ba le kutu ya makala goba ye e se nago makala yeo matlakala a nama a tšwago go yona. Di a fapana ka mmala go tloga go bohlokwa go ya go botala bjo bo phadimago gomme ka dinako tše dingwe di na le methalo goba marontho . Di kgopha tše dingwe tša setlogo sa Afrika Borwa di swana le mehlare . == Tshepedišo == Tshepedišo ya APG IV e bea mohuta ka lapeng la Asphodelaceae, ka tlase ga lapa la Asphodeloideae. Nakong ye e fetilego e be e abetšwe malapa , gammogo le lapa la Asphodelaceae sensu stricto, pele se se kopantšwe le Asphodelaidae sensu lato. Tikologo ya mohuta wo e fetogile kudu. Mehuta ye mentši, go swana le Lomatophyllum,e tlišitšwe go maina a go swana. Mehuta yeo e bego e beilwe ka ''Aloe'', go swana le Agave americana e ile ya fetišetšwa go mehuta ye mengwe. Dinyakišišo tša phylogenetic ya dimolekhule, kudukudu go tloga ka 2010 go ya pele, di šišintše gore bjalo ka ge go be go lekanyeditšwe, ''Aloe'' e be e se monophyletic gomme e swanetše go arolwa ka mehuta yeo e hlalošitšwego ka go tia. Ka 2014, John Charles Manning le badirišani ba tšweleditše phylogeny yeo go yona ''Aloe'' e bego e arogantšwe ka mehuta ye tshela0. === Mehuta ya diphedi === {{Taxonbar|from=Q127134}}Mehuta ya go feta 600 e amogelwa ka gare ga mohuta wa ''kgopha'', gammogo le maina a go swana le mehuta ya go se rarollwe, mehuta ya ka tlase, mehuta le mehuta. Tše dingwe tša mehuta yeo e amogelwago ke:.<templatestyles src="Module:Hatnote/styles.css"></templatestyles>  Godimo ga mehuta ya diphedi le mehuta ya mehuta ya ka gare ga mohuta, mehuta ya go fapafapana le mehuta ye mengwe ya diphedi e hlodilwe ka go bjala, go swana le magareng ga ''kgopha'' le ''Gasteria'' le magareng ga kgopha [[File:Aloe_diversity.jpg|thumb|Mehuta ye mentši ya ''kgopha'' yeo e nago le mehutahuta ya kgolo. Serapa sa Dimela sa UCLA]] == Go dirišwa ga yona == Mehuta ya Aloe gantši e bjalwa bjalo ka dimela tša go kgabiša ka dirapaneng le ka dipitšeng. Mehuta ye mentši ya aloe ke ya go kgabiša kudu gomme e tšeelwa godimo ke bakgoboketši . ''kgopha'' e šomišwa ka gare le ka ntle bjalo ka sehlare sa setšo goba se sengwe.Dimela gape di ka dirwa sesepe goba ditšweletšwa tše dingwe tša tlhokomelo ya letlalo. Go bjalwa mehuta ye mentši yeo e nago le motswako goba yeo e sa kgonthišegego. Go tše, ' o hweditše Sefoka sa Royal Horticultural Society sa Garden Merit. ''kgopha ya variegata'' e bjetšwe mabitleng ka tumelo ya gore se se kgonthiša bophelo bjo bo sa felego [[File:Aloe,_Juliana_Anicia_Codex.jpg|thumb|Seswantšho sa Aloe, se ngwadilwe ka Segerika "ΑΛΟΗ" (Aloë) go tšwa go Juliana Anicia Codex, kopi, yeo e ngwadilwego kua Constantinople ka 515 AD, ya mošomo wa Dioscorides wa lekgolong la pele la nywaga AD.]] Tirišo ya histori ya mehuta ya kgopha e ngwadilwe gabotse. Dingwalwa tša go šoma gabotse ga tša kalafo di a hwetšagala, le ge di lekanyeditšwe kudu. Go mehuta ya diphedi ke tše sego kae fela tšeo di bego di šomišwa ka tlwaelo bjalo ka Dihlare tša mešunkwane, ''kgopha'' gape e le mehuta yeo e šomišwago kudu. Gape go akareditšwe ''.'' Bagerika le Baroma ba bogologolo ba be ba šomiša ''Aloe vera'' go alafa dintho. Mehleng ya Magareng, seela sa mmala wa serolwana seo se bego se hwetšwa ka gare ga matlakala se be se ratwa bjalo ka sebolayaditwatši. Go šomišwa ga aloe go maemo a letlalo go ka šoma, eupša go ka ba le go ruruga mo gonyenyane le go ganana le dilo. Go e tšea ka molomo bjalo ka tlaleletšo ya dijo go ka hlola Ditiragalo tše mpe, bofokodi bja mešifa, go fokotšega ga boima bja mmele le ditlamorago tša pelo, gare ga tše dingwe. Ga e dumelelwe bjalo ka sehlare-tagi. Ka 2002, e ile ya ahlola gore tirišo ya aloe bjalo ka sehlare sa go hlwekiša se be se sa šireletšega goba se šoma gabotse. Seela sa Aloe leaf se hlalošitšwe ke International Agency for Research on Cancer bjalo ka seela sa kankere sa batho.Go ya dinyakisiso UK, setšweletšwa seo se ka bolayago seo se bitšwago T-UP se dirilwe ka aloe ye e tiilego gomme se godišwa bjalo ka pheko ya kankere, se boletše gore "ga bjale ga go na bohlatse bja gore ditšweletšwa tša aloe di ka thuša go thibela goba go alafa kankere go batho === Dikarolo tša dikhemikhale === ''kgopha perryi'', ''.'' ''A. ferox'', le hybrid ya mehuta ye le A. africana le ''A. spicata'' di lokeleditšwe bjalo ka dilo tša tlhago tša tatso ka go mmušo wa US Electronic Code of Federal Regulations. ''Aloe socotrina'' go thwe e šomišwa ka go Chartreuse e serolwana. == Lefelo la go bogela diswantšho == <templatestyles src="Module:Hatnote/styles.css"></templatestyles> == Bona gape == == Ditšhupetšo == <templatestyles src="Div col/styles.css" />  == Go bala mo go oketšegilego == *   *   == Dikgokagano tša ka ntle == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist|refs=<ref name=MannBoatDaruMaur14>{{Cite journal |last1=Manning |first1=John |last2=Boatwright |first2=James S. |last3=Daru |first3=Barnabas H. |last4=Maurin |first4=Olivier |last5=Bank |first5=Michelle van der |date=2014 |title=A Molecular Phylogeny and Generic Classification of Asphodelaceae Subfamily Alooideae: A Final Resolution of the Prickly Issue of Polyphyly in the Alooids? |journal=Systematic Botany |volume=39 |issue=1 |pages=55–74 |doi=10.1600/036364414X678044 |bibcode=2014SysBo..39...55M |s2cid=86714657 |name-list-style=amp }}</ref>}}<templatestyles src="Module:Side box/styles.css"></templatestyles><templatestyles src="Sister project/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Commons}}{{Herbs used as laxatives}}{{Authority control}} [[Setensele:Pages with unreviewed translations]] ctvoxq4zgnw3lz58qpzu6gcte0ae4zh 0 14246 56540 56310 2026-11-11T00:47:05Z InternetArchiveBot 5150 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.7) 56540 wikitext text/x-wiki == DOLPHINE == [[Seswantšho:Tursiops truncatus 01.jpg|thumb|Seswantšho sa dolphini]] Dolphine ke phoofolo ya ka meetseng yeo e hwetšwago kudu ka lewatleng. Ke phoofolo ye bohlale ebile e tsebega ka go rata go bapala. Dolphine e phela ka sehlopha gomme di diriša medumo e fapafapanego go boledišana. Dolphine e na le mmele wo o loketšego go rutha ka lebelo. E ja dihlapi, squid le diphoofolo tše dingwe tše nnyane tša ka lewatleng. E kgona go tlola godimo ga meetse gomme e diriša medumo go hwetša dijo le go tseba gore go na le eng kgauswi le tšona. Dolphine di dula di thušana ge di tsoma dijo goba ge go na le kotsi. Ke diphoofolo tše bohlokwa tikologong ya lewatle ka gobane di thuša go boloka tekatekano ya diphoofolo tša ka meetseng. Dolphine ke diphoofolo tše di kgahlišago le tše bohlokwa. Re swanetše go šireletša lewatle gore di kgone go phela gabotse le go tšwela pele di oketša botle bja tlhago. == Methopo == # https://southafrica.co.za 2.https://web.archive.org/web/20260910114009/https://www.nationalgeographic.com/ 3.https://www.ifaw.org [[Setensele:Hlapi]] 52m8tto6359tuh21ijml53wyb97pqnf