ويکيپېډيا:ټولگړې تانبه

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== Reimagining WMF grants report ==

''(My apologies for using English here, please help translate if you are able.)''

Last month, we asked for community feedback on [[m:Grants:IdeaLab/Reimagining WMF grants| a proposal to change the structure of WMF grant programs]]. Thanks to the 200+ people who participated!  '''[[m:Grants:IdeaLab/Reimagining_WMF_grants/Outcomes|
A report]]''' on what we learned and changed based on this consultation is now available.

Come read about the findings and next steps as WMF’s Community Resources team begins to implement changes based on your feedback. Your questions and comments are welcome on [[m:Grants talk:IdeaLab/Reimagining WMF grants/Outcomes|the outcomes discussion page]].

With thanks, [[m:User:I JethroBT (WMF)|I JethroBT (WMF)]] 16:56, 28 سېپتمبر 2015 (UTC)
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== Community Wishlist Survey ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt; 

Hi everyone! Apologies for posting in English. Translations are very welcome.

The [[:m:Community Tech|Community Tech team]] at the Wikimedia Foundation is focused on building improved curation and moderation tools for experienced Wikimedia contributors. We're now starting a '''[[:m:2015 Community Wishlist Survey|Community Wishlist Survey]]''' to find the most useful projects that we can work on.

For phase 1 of the survey, we're inviting all active contributors to submit brief proposals, explaining the project that you'd like us to work on, and why it's important. Phase 1 will last for 2 weeks. In phase 2, we'll ask you to vote on the proposals. Afterwards, we'll analyze the top 10 proposals and create a prioritized wishlist.

While most of this process will be conducted in English, we're inviting people from any Wikimedia wiki to submit proposals. We'll also invite volunteer translators to help translate proposals into English. 

Your proposal should include: the problem that you want to solve, who would benefit, and a proposed solution, if you have one. You can submit your proposal on the Community Wishlist Survey page, using the entry field and the big blue button. We will be accepting proposals for 2 weeks, ending on November 23.
 
We're looking forward to hearing your ideas!

&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Community Tech Team via [[کارن:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[د کارن خبرې اترې:MediaWiki message delivery|خبرې اترې]]) 21:58, 9 نومبر 2015 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
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== Wikimania 2016 scholarships ambassadors needed ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Hello! [[wm2016:|Wikimania 2016]] scholarships will soon be open; by the end of the week we'll form the committee and we need your help, see [[wm2016:Special:MyLanguage/Scholarship committee|Scholarship committee]] for details.

If you want to carefully review nearly a thousand applications in January, you might be a perfect committee member. Otherwise, you can '''volunteer as &quot;ambassador&quot;''': you will observe all the committee activities, ensure that people from your language or project manage to apply for a scholarship, translate '''scholarship applications written in your language''' to English and so on. Ambassadors are allowed to ask for a scholarship, unlike committee members.

[[wm2016:Scholarship committee|Wikimania 2016 scholarships subteam]] 10:47, 10 نومبر 2015 (UTC)
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== Harassment consultation ==

{{int:Please-translate}}

The Community Advocacy team the Wikimedia Foundation has opened a consultation on the topic of '''harassment''' on [[m:Harassment consultation 2015|Meta]]. The consultation period is intended to run for one month from today, November 16, and end on December 17. Please share your thoughts there on harassment-related issues facing our communities and potential solutions. (Note: this consultation is not intended to evaluate specific cases of harassment, but rather to discuss the problem of harassment itself.)
::*[[m:Harassment consultation 2015|Harassment consultation 2015]]  
:Regards, [[m:Community Advocacy|Community Advocacy, Wikimedia Foundation]]
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== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Free Bassel/MassMessages/2015 Free Bassel banner straw poll|Your input requested on the proposed #FreeBassel banner campaign]] ==

''This is a message regarding the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Free Bassel/Banner|proposed 2015 Free Bassel banner]]. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Free Bassel/MassMessages/2015 Free Bassel banner straw poll|Translations]] are available.''

Hi everyone,

This is to inform all Wikimedia contributors that a [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Free Bassel/Banner/Straw poll|straw poll seeking your involvement]] has just been started on Meta-Wiki.

As some of your might be aware, a small group of Wikimedia volunteers have proposed a banner campaign informing Wikipedia readers about the urgent situation of our fellow Wikipedian, open source software developer and Creative Commons activist, [[:w:Bassel Khartabil|Bassel Khartabil]]. An exemplary [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Free Bassel/Banner|banner]] and an [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Free Bassel/Banner|explanatory page]] have now been prepared, and translated into about half a dozen languages by volunteer translators.

We are seeking [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Free Bassel/Banner/Straw poll|your involvement to decide]] if the global Wikimedia community approves starting a banner campaign asking Wikipedia readers to call on the Syrian government to release Bassel from prison. We understand that a campaign like this would be unprecedented in Wikipedia's history, which is why we're seeking the widest possible consensus among the community.

Given Bassel's urgent situation and the resulting tight schedule, we ask everyone to [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Free Bassel/Banner/Straw poll|get involved with the poll and the discussion]] to the widest possible extent, and to promote it among your communities as soon as possible.

(Apologies for writing in English; please kindly [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Free Bassel/MassMessages/2015 Free Bassel banner straw poll|translate]] this message into your own language.)

Thank you for your participation!

''Posted by the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] 21:47, 25 November 2015 (UTC) • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Free Bassel/MassMessages/2015 Free Bassel banner straw poll|Translate]] • [[:m:Talk:Free Bassel/Banner|Get help]]
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== Community Wishlist Survey ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt; 

Hi everyone! Apologies for posting this in English. Translations are very welcome.

We're beginning the second part of the Community Tech team's '''[[:m:2015 Community Wishlist Survey/Voting|Community Wishlist Survey]]''', and we're inviting all active contributors to vote on the proposals that have been submitted.

Thanks to you and other Wikimedia contributors, 111 proposals were submitted to the team. We've split the proposals into categories, and now it's time to vote! You can vote for any proposal listed on the pages, using the &lt;nowiki&gt;{{Support}}&lt;/nowiki&gt; tag. Feel free to add comments pro or con, but only support votes will be counted. The voting period will be 2 weeks, ending on December 14.

The proposals with the most support votes will be the team's top priority backlog to investigate and address. Thank you for participating, and we're looking forward to hearing what you think!

Community Tech via
&lt;/div&gt; [[کارن:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[د کارن خبرې اترې:MediaWiki message delivery|خبرې اترې]]) 14:38, 1 ډيسمبر 2015 (UTC)
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== New Wikipedia Library Accounts Available Now (December 2015) ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;

Hello Wikimedians! 
[[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|150px|The TWL OWL says sign up today!]]
[[m:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] is announcing signups today for, free, full-access accounts to published research as part of our [[m:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|Publisher Donation Program]]. You can sign up for new accounts and research materials from:
* [[w:en:WP:Gale|Gale]] - multidisciplinary periodicals, newspapers, and reference sources - 10 accounts
* [[w:en:Wikipedia:Brill|Brill]] - academic e-books and journals in English, Dutch, and other languages - 25 accounts
* [[w:fi:Wikipedia:Wikipedian_Lähdekirjasto/Suomalaisen_Kirjallisuuden_Seura|Finnish Literature Society]] (in Finnish)
* [[w:fa:ویکی‌پدیا:مگ‌ایران|Magiran]] (in Farsi) - scientific journal articles - 100 articles
* [[w:fa:ویکی‌پدیا:سیویلیکا|Civilica]] (in Farsi) - Iranian journal articles, seminars, and conferences - 50 accounts

Many other partnerships with accounts available are listed on [[m:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|our partners page]], including [[w:en:WP:EBSCO|EBSCO]], [[w:en:WP:DeGruyter|DeGruyter]], and [[w:en:WP:Newspaperarchive.com|Newspaperarchive.com]]. Do better research and help expand the use of high quality references across Wikipedia projects: sign up today!
&lt;br&gt;--[[m:The Wikipedia Library/Coordinators|The Wikipedia Library Team]] 01:01, 11 December 2015 (UTC)

:''Help us a start Wikipedia Library in your language! Email us at wikipedialibrary@wikimedia.org''&lt;br&gt;
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== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 15|Get involved in Wikipedia 15!]] ==

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''This is a message from the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation|Wikimedia Foundation]]. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 15/MassMessages/Get involved|Translations]] are available.''

[[File:International-Space-Station wordmark blue.svg|right|200px]]

As many of you know, January 15 is Wikipedia’s 15th Birthday!

People around the world are getting involved in the celebration and have started adding their [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 15/Events|events on Meta Page]]. While we are celebrating Wikipedia's birthday, we hope that all projects and affiliates will be able to utilize this celebration to raise awareness of our community's efforts.

Haven’t started planning? Don’t worry, there’s lots of ways to get involved. Here are some ideas:

* '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 15/Events|Join/host an event]]'''. We already have more than 80, and hope to have many more.
* '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 15/Media|Talk to local press]]'''. In the past 15 years, Wikipedia has accomplished extraordinary things. We’ve made a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 15/15 years|handy summary]] of milestones and encourage you to add your own. More resources, including a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 15/Media#releases|press release template]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Communications/Movement Communications Skills|resources on working with the media]], are also available.
* '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 15/Material|Design a Wikipedia 15 logo]]'''. In place of a single icon for Wikipedia 15, we’re making dozens. Add your own with something fun and representative of your community. Just use the visual guide so they share a common sensibility.
* '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 15/Events/Package#birthdaywish|Share a message on social media]]'''. Tell the world what Wikipedia means to you, and add #wikipedia15 to the post. We might re-tweet or share your message!

Everything is linked on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 15|Wikipedia 15 Meta page]]. You’ll find a set of ten data visualization works that you can show at your events, and a [[c:Category:Wikipedia15 Mark|list of all the Wikipedia 15 logos]] that community members have already designed.

If you have any questions, please contact [[m:User:ZMcCune (WMF)|Zachary McCune]] or [[m:User:JSutherland (WMF)|Joe Sutherland]].

Thanks and Happy nearly Wikipedia 15!&lt;br /&gt;
-The Wikimedia Foundation Communications team

''Posted by the [[m:User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]], 20:58, 18 ډيسمبر 2015 (UTC) • [[m:Wikipedia 15/MassMessages/Get involved|{{int:please-translate}}]] • [[m:Talk:Wikipedia 15|{{int:help}}]]
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== Password Strength RFC ==

سلامونه
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
We have started an RFC on meta to increase password requirements for users that have accounts which can edit [[MediaWiki:Common.js]], have access to checkuser or have access to Oversight.

These types of accounts have sensitive access to our sites, and can cause real harm if they fall into malicious hands. Currently the only requirement is the password is at least 1 letter long. We would like to make the minimum be 8 letters (bytes) long and also ban certain really common passwords.

By increasing requirements on passwords for accounts with high levels of access, we hope to make Wikimedia wikis more secure for everyone. Please read the full text of the proposal [[m:Requests for comment/Password policy for users with certain advanced permissions|here]], and make your voice heard at the RFC
&lt;/div&gt;
له تاسې مننه

(د WMF امنيتي ډلې له خوا) [[User:BWolff (WMF)|BWolff (WMF)]] ([[User talk:BWolff (WMF)|talk]]) 08:24, 21 ډيسمبر 2015 (UTC)

== Wikimania 2016 Scholarships - Deadline soon! ==

:{{int:Please-translate}}
A reminder - applications for scholarships for Wikimania 2016 in Esino Lario, Italy, are closing soon! Please get your applications in by January 9th.  To apply, visit the page below:
:*[https://wikimania2016.wikimedia.org/wiki/Scholarships Wikimania 2016 Scholarships]
[[User:PEarley (WMF)|Patrick Earley (WMF)]] via [[کارن:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[د کارن خبرې اترې:MediaWiki message delivery|خبرې اترې]]) 01:49, 5 جنوري 2016 (UTC)
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== 2016 WMF Strategy consultation ==

:{{int:Please-translate}}
Hello, all.

The Wikimedia Foundation (WMF) has launched a consultation to help create and prioritize WMF strategy beginning July 2016 and for the 12 to 24 months thereafter. This consultation will be open, on Meta, from 18 January to 26 February, after which the Foundation will also use these ideas to help inform its Annual Plan. (More on our timeline can be found on that Meta page.)

Your input is welcome (and greatly desired) at the Meta discussion, [[:m:2016 Strategy/Community consultation|2016 Strategy/Community consultation]].

Apologies for English, where this is posted on a non-English project. We thought it was more important to get the consultation translated as much as possible, and good headway has been made there in some languages. There is still much to do, however! We created [[:m:2016 Strategy/Translations]] to try to help coordinate what needs translation and what progress is being made. :)

If you have questions, please reach out to me on my talk page or on the strategy consultation's talk page or by email to mdennis@wikimedia.org.

I hope you'll join us! [[:m:User:Mdennis (WMF)|Maggie Dennis]] via [[کارن:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[د کارن خبرې اترې:MediaWiki message delivery|خبرې اترې]]) 19:06, 18 جنوري 2016 (UTC)
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== Completion suggestor ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
== Updates to wiki search auto completion are arriving 10 March==

Hello!

{{Int:Please-translate}}. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}}

The [[:m:User:CKoerner (WMF)/Work/Completion Suggester beta reminder and coming soon|completion suggester beta feature]] will become the default at the first group of wikis on '''Thursday, 10 March'''. This initial rollout will start with some of the smaller wikis to ensure the change happens in an organized way. The remaining wikis will receive the update on Wednesday, 16 March. This update brings three major improvements to search. Improved search result ordering, a tolerance for a small number of spelling errors, and suggests fewer typos.

Since December 2015, 19,000 editors have already opted into the completion suggester beta feature. Contributors are encouraged to [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|try out the feature]] ahead of the release. Please share any comments on the Completion Suggester [[mw:Help:CirrusSearch/CompletionSuggester|discussion page]] in any language.

To learn more about the work of the Discovery department and other improvements to search, please check out [[wmfblog:2015/12/23/search-and-discovery-on-wikipedia/|the Wikimedia blog]]. Read about  [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:CirrusSearch|CirrusSearch]], the MediaWiki extension that makes wiki search possible.&lt;/div&gt; - [[User:CKoerner (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:CKoerner (WMF)|talk]]) 22:09, 7 مارچ 2016 (UTC)
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== New Wikipedia Library Accounts Available Now (March 2016) ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
''Apologies for writing in English. {{int:Please-translate}}''

Hello Wikimedians! 
[[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|upright|The TWL OWL says sign up today!]]
[[m:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] is announcing signups today for free, full-access accounts to published research as part of our [[m:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|Publisher Donation Program]]. You can sign up for access to research materials from:
* '''[[w:en:WP:Cambridge|Cambridge University Press]]''' - a major publisher of academic journals and e-books in a variety of subject areas. Access includes both Cambridge Journals Online and Cambridge Books. 25 accounts.
* '''[[w:en:WP:Alexander Street|Alexander Street ''Academic Video Online'']]''' - a large academic video collection good for a wide range of subjects, including news programs (such as PBS and BBC), music and theatre, lectures and demonstrations, and documentaries. 25 accounts.
* '''[[w:en:WP:Baylor|Baylor University Press]]''' - a publisher of academic e-books primarily in religious studies and the humanities. 50 accounts.
* '''[[w:en:WP:Future Science Group|Future Science Group]]''' - a publisher of medical, biotechnological and scientific research. 30 accounts.
* '''[[w:en:WP:Annual Reviews|Annual Reviews]]''' - a publisher of review articles in the biomedical sciences. 100 accounts.
* '''[[w:en:WP:Miramar|Miramar Ship Index]]''' - an index to ships and their histories since the early 19th century. 30 accounts. 

'''Non-English'''
*'''[[w:fa:ویکی‌پدیا:نورمگز|Noormags]]''' - Farsi-language aggregator of academic and professional journals and magazines. 30 accounts.
*'''[[w:ar:ويكيبيديا:مكتبة ويكيبيديا/كتبنا|Kotobna]]''' - Arabic-language ebook publishing platform. 20 accounts.

'''Expansions'''
*'''[[w:en:WP:Gale|Gale]]''' - aggregator of newspapers, magazines and journals. 50 accounts.
*'''[[w:en:WP:Elsevier|Elsevier ScienceDirect]]''' - an academic publishing company that publishes medical and scientific literature. 100 accounts.
Many other partnerships with accounts available are listed on [[w:en:WP:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|our partners page]], including [[w:en:WP:Project MUSE|Project MUSE]], [[w:en:WP:De Gruyter|De Gruyter]], [[w:en:WP:EBSCO|EBSCO]], [[w:en:WP:Newspapers.com|Newspapers.com]] and [[w:en:WP:BNA|British Newspaper Archive]]. Do better research and help expand the use of high quality references across Wikipedia projects: sign up today!
&lt;br&gt;--[[w:en:Wikipedia:TWL/Coordinators|The Wikipedia Library Team]] 20:30, 17 مارچ 2016 (UTC)


:''You can host and coordinate signups for a Wikipedia Library branch in your own language. Please contact [[m:User:Ocaasi_(WMF)|Ocaasi (WMF)]].''
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== Open Call for Individual Engagement Grants ==

[[File:IEG barnstar 2.png|right|100px]]
{{int:Please-translate}}:

Greetings!  The '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/IEG|Individual Engagement Grants (IEG) program]] is accepting proposals''' until April 12th to fund new tools, research, outreach efforts, and other experiments that enhance the work of Wikimedia volunteers.
Whether you need a small or large amount of funds (up to $30,000 USD), IEGs can support you and your team’s project development time in addition to project expenses such as materials, travel, and rental space.
*[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Grants:IEG#ieg-apply|'''Submit''' a grant request]] or [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Grants:IdeaLab|'''draft''' your proposal]] in IdeaLab
*[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Grants:IdeaLab/Events#Upcoming_events|'''Get help''' with your proposal]] in an upcoming Hangout session
*[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Grants:IEG#ieg-engaging|'''Learn from examples''' of completed Individual Engagement Grants]]

With thanks, [[m:User:I JethroBT (WMF)|I JethroBT (WMF)]] 15:47, 31 مارچ 2016 (UTC)
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== No editing 2 times this week ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;ps&quot; dir=&quot;rtl&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-rtl&quot;&gt;
 
د [[foundation:|ويکيمېډيا بنسټ]] به خپل د اومتوک تر ټولو نوی منځی په ډالاس کې وازمويي.  دا کار به د ويکيپېډيا او د ويکيمېډيا نورې پروژې د دې جوگه کړي چې د يو طبيعي ناورين وروسته هم پرليکه پاتې شي.  د دې لپاره چې هر څه په سمه او ډاډمنه توگه کار وکړي، د ويکيمېډيا تخنيکي څانگه بايد پلان شوی آزمېښت ترسره کړي. دا ازمېښت به تخنيکي کارکوونکو ته دا ورښکاره کړي چې دوی په پوره ډاډ سره د اومتوک له يوه منځي څخه بل منځي ته بدلولی شي. د دې ازمېښت د ترسره کولو لپاره د گڼ شمېر تخنيکي ډلو چمتووالي ته او د ناببرې ستونزې د رامېنځ ته کېدو د حل کولو اسانتياو ته اړتيا شته چې په يو وخت کې برابر وي. 

تخنيکي امله به ټول ترافيک د اومتوک نوي منځي ته په '''سې شنبې، 19 د اپرېل''' ورسيخ کړي.&lt;br&gt;  په '''پنجشنبې، 21 د اپرېل''' به تخنيکي امله ټول ترافيک بېرته د اومتوک اصلي منځي ته ورواړوي.  

په خواشينۍ سره په [[mw:Manual:What is MediaWiki?|ميډياويکي]] کې د ځينو محدوديتونو په خاطر، د همدغو دوو اړونو بېرته اړونو په موده کې بايد ټول سمونونه په ټپه ودرېږي.  موږ د دې ډول اخلالونو د رامنځ ته کېدو په خاطر بخښنه غواړو او موږ په دې کار کوو چې په راتلونکي کې د دې ډول ستونزو د رامنځ ته کېدو کچه ټيټه وي. 

'''د ازمېښت په دې لنډه موده کې به تاسې په ټولو ويکي گانو کې ليکنې ولوستلی شی، خو سمون په کې نه شی ترسره کولی.'''

*په سې شنبې، 19 د اپرېل او پنجشنبې، 21 د اپرېل به تاسو له 15 تر 30 دقيقو پورې سمونونه و نه شئ کولای، پيل به له 14:00 UTC (16:00 CEST, 10:00 EDT, 07:00 PDT) بجو وي. 
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
*If you try to edit or save during these times, you will see an error message.  We hope that no edits will be lost during these minutes, but we can't guarantee it.  If you see the error message, then please wait until everything is back to normal.  Then you should be able to save your edit.  But, we recommend that you make a copy of your changes first, just in case.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div lang=&quot;ps&quot; dir=&quot;rtl&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-rtl&quot;&gt;
''نورې اغېزې'':
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
*Background jobs will be slower and some may be dropped. Red links might not be updated as quickly as normal. If you create an article that is already linked somewhere else, the link will stay red longer than usual. Some long-running scripts will have to be stopped.
*There will be a code freeze for the week of 18 April.  No non-essential code deployments will take place.

This test was originally planned to take place on March 22. April 19th and 21st are the new dates. You can [[wikitech:Switch Datacenter#Schedule for Q3 FY2015-2016 rollout|read the schedule at wikitech.wikimedia.org]]. They will post any changes on that schedule.  There will be more notifications about this.  '''Please share this information with your community.''' /[[m:User:Whatamidoing (WMF)|User:Whatamidoing (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Whatamidoing (WMF)|talk]]) 21:16, 17 اپرېل 2016 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;

== Wikipedia to the Moon ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Hello! Sorry that this is in English only, but we are using village pump messaging in order to reach as many language communities as possible. Wrong page? Please fix it [[:m:Distribution list/Global message delivery|here]].

This is an invitation to all Wikipedians: Wikimedia Deutschland has been given data space to include Wikipedia content in an upcoming mission to the Moon. (No joke!) We have launched a community discussion about how to do that, because we feel that this is for the global community of editors. Please, '''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia to the Moon|join the discussion on Meta-Wiki]]''' (and translate this invitation to your language community)! Best, [[:m:Talk:Wikipedia to the Moon|Moon team at Wikimedia Deutschland]] 15:35, 21 اپرېل 2016 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
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== Wikipedia to the Moon: voting has begun ==

Hello, after six weeks of community discussion about [https://moon.wikimedia.org Wikipedia to the Moon], there are now 10 different proposals for content for the mission. Starting today, [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia_to_the_Moon/Voting|you can vote for them on Meta-Wiki]], and decide what we will work on: a Wikipedia canon, different lists, the Moon in 300 languages, an astronomy editathon, featured articles, articles about technology, endangered things, or DNA-related topics. You can even vote against community involvement. Voting is open until 24 June. Sorry that this message is again in English only, but we are using village pumps to reach as many communities as possible, so that everyone knows they can vote. Best, [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia to the Moon/About|Moon team at Wikimedia Deutschland]] 15:31, 10 جون 2016 (UTC)
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== Compact Links coming soon to this wiki ==

{{int:Please-translate}}
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;

[[File:Compact-language-links-list.png|thumb|Screenshot of Compact Language Links interlanguage list]]

Hello, I wanted to give a heads up about an upcoming feature for this wiki which you may seen already in the [[:m:Tech/News/2016/25|Tech News]]. [[:mw:Universal_Language_Selector/Compact_Language_Links|Compact Language Links]] has been available as a beta-feature on all Wikimedia wikis since 2014. With compact language links enabled, users are shown a much shorter list of languages on the interlanguage link section of an article (see image). This will be enabled as a feature in the soon for all users, which can be turned on or off using a preference setting. We look forward to  your feedback and please do let us know if you have any questions. Details about Compact Language Links can be read in the [[:mw:Universal_Language_Selector/Compact_Language_Links|project documentation]].

Due to the large scale enablement of this feature, we have had to use [[:m:Global_message_delivery|MassMessage]] for this announcement and as a result it is only written in English. We will really appreciate if this message can be translated for other users of this wiki. The main announcement can also be translated on [[:mw:Universal_Language_Selector/Compact_Language_Links/Announcement_draft_June_2016|this page]]. Thank you. On behalf of the Wikimedia Language team: [[:mw:User:Runab_WMF|Runa Bhattacharjee (WMF)]] ([[mw:User talk:Runab_WMF|talk]])-13:06, 29 جون 2016 (UTC)

&lt;/div&gt;
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== Compact Language Links enabled in this wiki today ==

{{int:Please-translate}}
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;

[[File:Compact-language-links-list.png|thumb|Screenshot of Compact Language Links interlanguage list]]

[[:mw:Universal_Language_Selector/Compact_Language_Links|Compact Language Links]] has been available as a beta-feature on all Wikimedia wikis since 2014. With compact language links enabled, users are shown a much shorter list of languages on the interlanguage link section of an article (see image). Based on several factors, this shorter list of languages is expected to be more relevant for them and valuable for finding similar content in a language known to them. More information about compact language links can be found in [[:mw:Universal_Language_Selector/Compact_Language_Links|the documentation]].

From today onwards, compact language links has been enabled as the default listing of interlanguage links on this wiki. However, using the button at the bottom, you will be able to see a longer list of all the languages the article has been written in. The setting for this compact list can be changed by using the checkbox under ''User Preferences -&gt; Appearance -&gt; Languages''

The compact language links feature has been tested extensively by the Wikimedia Language team, which developed it. However, in case there are any problems or other feedback please let us know on the [[:mw:Talk:Universal_Language_Selector/Compact_Language_Links|project talk page]]. It is to be noted that on some wikis the presence of an existing older gadget that was used for a similar purpose may cause an interference for compact language list. We would like to bring this to the attention of the admins of this wiki. Full details are on [[phab:T131455|this phabricator ticket]] (in English).

Due to the large scale enablement of this feature, we have had to use [[:m:Global_message_delivery|MassMessage]] for this announcement and as a result it is only written in English. We will really appreciate if this message can be translated for other users of this wiki. Thank you. On behalf of the Wikimedia Language team: [[:mw:User:Runab_WMF|Runa Bhattacharjee (WMF)]] ([[mw:User talk:Runab_WMF|talk]])-03:05, 1 جولای 2016 (UTC)

&lt;/div&gt;
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== Wikipedia to the Moon: invitation to edit ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Three weeks ago, you were invited to vote on how to take Wikipedia articles to the Moon. Community voting is over and the winning idea is to send all ‘’featured articles and lists’’ to the Moon. This decision means that, starting today, Wikipedians from all language communities are warmly invited to intensively work on their best articles and lists, and submit them to Wikipedia to the Moon. The central site to coordinate between communities will be Meta-Wiki. You will find an [[m:Wikipedia to the Moon/Working|overview and more information there]]. Hopefully, we will be able to represent as many languages as possible, to show Wikipedia’s diversity. Please feel kindly invited to edit on behalf of your community and tell us about your work on featured content!

Best, [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia to the Moon/About|Moon team at Wikimedia Deutschland]] 14:10, 1 جولای 2016 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
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== Open call for Project Grants ==

[[File:IEG barnstar 2.png|right|100px]]
{{int:Please-translate}}:

:Greetings!  The '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Grants:Project|Project Grants program]] is accepting proposals''' from July 1st to August 2nd to fund new tools, research, offline outreach (including editathon series, workshops, etc), online organizing (including contests), and other experiments that enhance the work of Wikimedia volunteers.
:Whether you need a small or large amount of funds, Project Grants can support you and your team’s project development time in addition to project expenses such as materials, travel, and rental space.
:*[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Grants:Project/Apply|'''Submit''' a grant request]] or [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Grants:IdeaLab|'''draft''' your proposal]] in IdeaLab
:*[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Grants:IdeaLab/Events#Upcoming_events|'''Get help with your proposal''']] in an upcoming Hangout session
:*'''Learn from examples''' of completed [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Grants:IEG#ieg-engaging|Individual Engagement Grants]] or [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Grants:PEG/Requests#Grants_funded_by_the_WMF_in_FY_2015.E2.80.9316|Project and Event Grants]]
:Also accepting candidates to [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Grants:Project/Quarterly/Committee|join the Project Grants Committee through July 15.]]  

:With thanks,  [[m:User:I JethroBT (WMF)|I JethroBT (WMF)]] 15:25, 5 جولای 2016 (UTC)
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== Save/Publish ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
The [[:mw:Editing|Editing]] team is planning to change the name of the [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special:Translations&amp;namespace=8&amp;message=Savearticle “&lt;bdi&gt;{{int:Savearticle}}&lt;/bdi&gt;”] button to [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special:Translations&amp;namespace=8&amp;message=Publishpage “'''&lt;bdi&gt;{{int:Publishpage}}&lt;/bdi&gt;'''”] and [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special:Translations&amp;namespace=8&amp;message=Publishchanges “'''&lt;bdi&gt;{{int:Publishchanges}}&lt;/bdi&gt;'''”]. “&lt;bdi&gt;{{int:Publishpage}}&lt;/bdi&gt;” will be used when you create a new page. “&lt;bdi&gt;{{int:Publishchanges}}&lt;/bdi&gt;” will be used when you change an existing page. The names will be consistent in all editing environments.[https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T131132][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T139033]

This change will probably happen during the week of 30 August 2016. The change will be announced in [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech News]] when it happens.

If you are fluent in a language other than English, please check the status of translations at translatewiki.net for [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special:Translations&amp;namespace=8&amp;message=Publishpage “'''&lt;bdi&gt;{{int:Publishpage}}&lt;/bdi&gt;'''”] and [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special:Translations&amp;namespace=8&amp;message=Publishchanges “'''&lt;bdi&gt;{{int:Publishchanges}}&lt;/bdi&gt;'''”].

The main reason for this change is to avoid confusion for new editors. Repeated user research studies with new editors have shown that some new editors believed that [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special:Translations&amp;namespace=8&amp;message=Savearticle “&lt;bdi&gt;{{int:Savearticle}}&lt;/bdi&gt;”] would save a private copy of a new page in their accounts, rather than permanently publishing their changes on the web. It is important for this part of the user interface to be clear, since it is difficult to remove public information after it is published. We believe that the confusion caused by the “&lt;bdi&gt;{{int:Savearticle}}&lt;/bdi&gt;” button increases the workload for experienced editors, who have to clean up the information that people unintentionally disclose, and report it to the functionaries and stewards to suppress it. Clarifying what the button does will reduce this problem.

Beyond that, the goal is to make all the wikis and languages more consistent, and some wikis made this change many years ago. The [[:m:Legal|Legal team]] at the Wikimedia Foundation supports this change. Making the edit interface easier to understand will make it easier to handle licensing and privacy questions that may arise. 

Any help pages or other basic documentation about how to edit pages will also need to be updated, on-wiki and elsewhere. On wiki pages, you can use the wikitext codes &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{int:Publishpage}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{int:Publishchanges}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; to display the new labels in the user's preferred language. For the language settings in [[Special:Preferences|your account preferences]], these wikitext codes produce “&lt;bdi&gt;{{int:Publishpage}}&lt;/bdi&gt;” and “&lt;bdi&gt;{{int:Publishchanges}}&lt;/bdi&gt;”.

Please share this news with community members who teach new editors and with others who may be interested.
&lt;/div&gt; [[m:User:Whatamidoing (WMF)|Whatamidoing (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Whatamidoing (WMF)|talk]]) 18:02, 9 اگسټ 2016 (UTC)
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==The visual editor now active here==
Please see details at https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/کينډۍ:خبرتياوې/د_ټولنې_خبري_سرمشريزه#The_visual_editor_is_now_active_here . Thanks --[[کارن:Elitre (WMF)|Elitre (WMF)]] ([[د کارن خبرې اترې:Elitre (WMF)|خبرې اترې]]) 15:50, 10 اگسټ 2016 (UTC)
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
::Just a heads-up that rollout of the visual editor on this wiki is complete, as it is also available to logged-out editors now. Please refer to my previous messages for details. You can [[:mw:Help:VisualEditor/VE_as_the_main_editor|read the &quot;checklist&quot;]] that is being written to help communities like yours in their process of adapting the visual editor to their customs and needs. Best, [[:mw:User:Elitre (WMF)|Elitre (WMF)]] 16:12, 17 اگسټ 2016 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;

== New Wikipedia Library accounts available now (August 2016) ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;


Hello Wikimedians! 
[[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|upright|The TWL OWL says sign up today!]]
[[m:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] is announcing signups today for free, full-access, accounts to published research as part of our [[m:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|publisher donation program]]. You can now sign up for new accounts and research materials from:
* '''[[w:de:Wikipedia:Nomos|Nomos]]''' &amp;ndash; Primarily German-language publisher of law and social sciences books and journals - 25 accounts
* '''[[w:en:Wikipedia:World Scientific|World Scientific]]''' &amp;ndash; Scientific, technical, and medical journals - 50 accounts
* '''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Edinburgh University Press|Edinburgh University Press]]''' &amp;ndash; Humanities and social sciences journals - 25 accounts
* '''[[w:en:Wikipedia:American Psychological Association|American Psychological Association]]''' &amp;ndash; Psychology books and journals - 10 accounts
* '''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Emerald|Emerald]]''' &amp;ndash; Journals on a range of topics including business, education, health care, and engineering - 10 accounts

Many other partnerships with accounts available are listed on [[m:The Wikipedia Library/Databases|our partners page]], including [[w:en:WP:Project MUSE|Project MUSE]], [[w:en:WP:EBSCO|EBSCO]], [[w:de:WP:DeGruyter|DeGruyter]], [[w:en:WP:Gale|Gale]] and [[w:en:WP:Newspaperarchive.com|Newspaperarchive.com]]. 

Do better research and help expand the use of high quality references across Wikipedia projects: sign up today!
&lt;br&gt;--[[w:en:Wikipedia:TWL/Coordinators|The Wikipedia Library Team]] 18:38, 30 اگسټ 2016 (UTC)

:''You can host and coordinate signups for a Wikipedia Library branch in your own language! Please contact [[m:User:Ocaasi_(WMF)|Ocaasi (WMF)]].''&lt;br&gt; 
:&lt;small&gt;This message was delivered via the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/MassMessage#Global_message_delivery Global Mass Message] tool to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List].&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
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== RevisionSlider ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
From September 13th on, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:RevisionSlider|RevisionSlider]] will be available as a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Beta Features|beta feature]] in your wiki. The RevisionSlider adds a slider view to the diff page, so that you can easily move between revisions. The feature fulfills a wish from the [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes|German Community’s Technical Wishlist]]. Everyone is invited to test the feature and we hope that it will serve you well in your work! &lt;/div&gt; [[user:Birgit Müller (WMDE)|Birgit Müller (WMDE)]] 15:08, 12 سېپتمبر 2016 (UTC)
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== Grants to improve your project ==

''{{int:Please-translate}}:''

Greetings! The [[:m:Grants:Project|Project Grants program]] is currently accepting proposals for funding. There is just over a week left to submit  before the October 11 deadline.  If you have ideas for software, offline outreach, research, online community organizing, or other projects that enhance the work of Wikimedia volunteers, start your proposal today!  Please encourage others who have great ideas to apply as well.  Support is available if you want help turning your idea into a grant request.
*'''[[:m:Grants:Project/Apply|Submit a grant request]]'''
*'''Get help''': In [[:m:Grants:IdeaLab|IdeaLab]] or an upcoming [[:m:Grants:Project#Upcoming_events|Hangout session]]
*'''Learn from examples''' of completed [[:m:Grants:IEG#ieg-engaging|Individual Engagement Grants]] or [[:m:Grants:PEG/Requests#Grants_funded_by_the_WMF_in_FY_2015.E2.80.9316|Project and Event Grants]]
[[m:User:I JethroBT (WMF)|I JethroBT (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:I JethroBT (WMF)|talk]]) 20:11, 30 سېپتمبر 2016 (UTC)
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== Creative Commons 4.0 ==

Hello! I'm writing from the Wikimedia Foundation to invite you to give your feedback on a proposed move from CC BY-SA 3.0 to a CC BY-SA 4.0 license across all Wikimedia projects. The consultation will run from October 5 to November 8, and we hope to receive a wide range of viewpoints and opinions. Please, if you are interested, [[meta:Special:MyLanguage/Terms of use/Creative Commons 4.0|take part in the discussion on Meta-Wiki]].

''Apologies that this message is only in English. [[meta:Special:MyLanguage/Terms of use/Creative Commons 4.0/MassMessage|This message can be read and translated in more languages here]].'' [[User:JSutherland (WMF)|Joe Sutherland]] ([[User talk:JSutherland (WMF)|talk]]) 01:35, 6 اکتوبر 2016 (UTC)
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== New Wikipedia Library Accounts Available Now (November 2016) ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;


Hello Wikimedians! 
[[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|upright|The TWL OWL says sign up today!]]
[[:m:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] is announcing signups today for free, full-access, accounts to published research as part of our [[m:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|Publisher Donation Program]]. You can sign up for new accounts and research materials from:
*'''''[[:en:WP:Foreign Affairs|Foreign Affairs]]''''' - Journal of international relations and U.S. foreign policy
*'''[[:en:WP:OpenEdition|OpenEdition]]''' - Journals in the social sciences and humanities
*'''[[:en:WP:EDP Sciences|Édition Diffusion Presse Sciences]]''' - French and English language scientific journals
*'''[[:en:WP:ASHA|ASHA]]''' - Speech–language–hearing journals
*'''[[:fi:Wikipedia:Wikipedian_Lähdekirjasto/Tilastopaja|Tilastopaja]]''' - Athletics statistics

'''Expansions'''
*'''[[en:WP:EBSCO|EBSCO:]]''' - Many new databases added
*'''[[:en:WP:Taylor &amp; Francis|Taylor &amp; Francis]]''' - Strategic, Defence &amp; Security Studies collection
Many other partnerships with accounts available are listed on [[:m:The Wikipedia Library/Databases|our partners page]]. Sign up today!
&lt;br&gt;--[[:m:The Wikipedia Library/Coordinators|The Wikipedia Library Team]] 18:30, 1 نومبر 2016 (UTC)

:''You can host and coordinate signups for a Wikipedia Library branch in your own language. Please contact [[:m:User:Ocaasi_(WMF)|Ocaasi (WMF)]].''&lt;br&gt; 
:&lt;small&gt;This message was delivered via the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/MassMessage#Global_message_delivery Global Mass Message] tool to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List].&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
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== Password reset ==

''I apologise that this message is in English. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-Security%2FPassword+reset&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:Centralnotice-shared-help-translate}}]''

We are having a problem with attackers taking over wiki accounts with privileged user rights (for example, admins, bureaucrats, oversighters, checkusers). It appears that this may be because of weak or reused passwords.

Community members are working along with members of multiple teams at the Wikimedia Foundation to address this issue.

In the meantime, we ask that everyone takes a look at the passwords they have chosen for their wiki accounts. If you know that you've chosen a weak password, or if you've chosen a password that you are using somewhere else, please change those passwords.

Select strong passwords – eight or more characters long, and containing letters, numbers, and punctuation. [[m:User:JSutherland (WMF)|Joe Sutherland]] ([[m:User talk:JSutherland (WMF)|{{int:Talkpagelinktext}}]]) / [[کارن:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[د کارن خبرې اترې:MediaWiki message delivery|خبرې اترې]]) 00:00, 14 نومبر 2016 (UTC)
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== Adding to the above section (Password reset) ==

Please accept my apologies - that first line should read &quot;[https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-Security%2FPassword+reset&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= Help with translations!]&quot;. [[m:User:JSutherland (WMF)|Joe Sutherland (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:JSutherland (WMF)|talk]]) / [[کارن:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[د کارن خبرې اترې:MediaWiki message delivery|خبرې اترې]]) 00:11, 14 نومبر 2016 (UTC)
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== New way to edit wikitext ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;

'''Summary''': There's a new opt-in Beta Feature of a [[:mw:2017 wikitext editor|wikitext mode for the visual editor]]. Please [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|go try it out]].


We in the Wikimedia Foundation's Editing department are responsible for making editing better for all our editors, new and experienced alike. We've been slowly improving [[:mw:VisualEditor|the visual editor]] based on feedback, user tests, and feature requests. However, that doesn't work for all our user needs: whether you need to edit a wikitext talk page, create a template, or fix some broken reference syntax, sometimes you need to use wikitext, and many experienced editors prefer it.

Consequently, we've planned a &quot;wikitext mode&quot; for the visual editor for a long time. It provides as much of the visual editor's features as possible, for those times that you need or want wikitext. It has the same user interface as the visual editor, including the same toolbar across the top with the same buttons. It provides access to the [[:mw:citoid|citoid service]] for formatting citations, integrated search options for inserting images, and the ability to add new templates in a simple dialog. Like in the visual editor, if you paste in formatted text copied from another page, then formatting (such as bolding) will automatically be converted into wikitext.

All wikis now have access to this mode as a [[:mw:Beta Features|Beta Feature]]. When enabled, it replaces your existing [[:mw:Editor|wikitext editor]] everywhere. If you don't like it, you can reverse this at any time by turning off the Beta Feature in your preferences. We don't want to surprise anyone, so it's strictly an ''opt-in-only'' Beta Feature. It won't switch on automatically for anyone, even if you have previously checked the box to &quot;{{Int:Betafeatures-auto-enroll}}&quot;.

The new wikitext edit mode is based on the visual editor, so it requires JavaScript (as does the [[:mw:Extension:WikiEditor|current wikitext editor]]). It doesn't work with gadgets that have only been designed for the older one (and ''vice versa''), so some users will miss gadgets they find important. We're happy to [[:mw:VisualEditor/Gadgets|work with gadget authors to help them update their code to work]] with both editors. We're not planning to get rid of the current main wikitext editor on desktop in the foreseeable future. We're also not going to remove the existing ability to edit plain wikitext without JavaScript. Finally, though it should go without saying, if you prefer to continue using the current wikitext editor, then you may so do.

This is an early version, and we'd love to know what you think so we can make it better. Please leave feedback about the new mode [[:mw:2017 wikitext editor/Feedback|on the feedback page]].  You may write comments in any language.  Thank you.

&lt;/div&gt; [[:mw:User:Jdforrester (WMF)|James Forrester]] (Product Manager, Editing department, Wikimedia Foundation) --19:32, 14 ډيسمبر 2016 (UTC)
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== Review of initial updates on Wikimedia movement strategy process ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
''Note: Apologies for cross-posting and sending in English. [[m:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/Initial announcements review|Message is available for translation on Meta-Wiki]].''

The Wikimedia movement is beginning a movement-wide strategy discussion, a process which will run throughout 2017. For 15 years, Wikimedians have worked together to build the largest free knowledge resource in human history. During this time, we've grown from a small group of editors to a diverse network of editors, developers, affiliates, readers, donors, and partners. Today, we are more than a group of websites. We are a movement rooted in values and a powerful vision: all knowledge for all people. As a movement, we have an opportunity to decide where we go from here. 

This movement strategy discussion will focus on the future of our movement: where we want to go together, and what we want to achieve. We hope to design an inclusive process that makes space for everyone: editors, community leaders, affiliates, developers, readers, donors, technology platforms, institutional partners, and people we have yet to reach. There will be multiple ways to participate including on-wiki, in private spaces, and in-person meetings. You are warmly invited to join and make your voice heard.

The immediate goal is to have a strategic direction by Wikimania 2017 to help frame a discussion on how we work together toward that strategic direction.

Regular updates are being sent to the [[mail:Wikimedia-l|Wikimedia-l mailing list]], and posted [[m:Strategy/Wikimedia_movement/2017/Updates|on Meta-Wiki]]. Beginning with this message, monthly reviews of these updates will be sent to this page as well. [[m:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/Signup|Sign up]] to receive future announcements and monthly highlights of strategy updates on your user talk page.

Here is a review of the updates that have been sent so far:

* [[m:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/15 December 2016 - Update 1 on Wikimedia movement strategy process|Update 1 on Wikimedia movement strategy process]] (15 December 2016)
** Introduction to process and information about budget spending resolution to support it
* [[m:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/23 December 2016 - Update 2 on Wikimedia movement strategy process|Update 2 on Wikimedia movement strategy process]] (23 December 2016)
** Start of search for Lead Architect for movement strategy process
* [[m:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/8 January 2017 - Update 3 on Wikimedia movement strategy process|Update 3 on Wikimedia movement strategy process]] (8 January 2017)
** Plans for strategy sessions at upcoming Wikimedia Conference 2017
* [[m:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/11 January 2017 - Update 4 on Wikimedia movement strategy process|Update 4 on Wikimedia movement strategy process]] (11 January 2017)
** Introduction of williamsworks 
* [[m:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/2 February 2017 - Update 5 on Wikimedia movement strategy process|Update 5 on Wikimedia movement strategy process]] (2 February 2017)
** The core movement strategy team, team tracks being developed, introduction of the Community Process Steering Committee, discussions at WikiIndaba conference 2017 and the Wikimedia movement affiliates executive directors gathering in Switzerland
* [[m:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/10 February 2017 - Update 6 on Wikimedia movement strategy process|Update 6 on Wikimedia movement strategy process]] (10 February 2017)
** Tracks A &amp; B process prototypes and providing feedback, updates on development of all four Tracks

More information about the movement strategy is available on the [[m:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017|Meta-Wiki 2017 Wikimedia movement strategy portal]].

''Posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] on behalf of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation|Wikimedia Foundation]], 20:30, 15 فبروري 2017 (UTC) • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/Initial announcements review|{{int:please-translate}}]] • [[m:Talk:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates|Get help]]''
&lt;/div&gt;
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== Overview #2 of updates on Wikimedia movement strategy process ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
''Note: Apologies for cross-posting and sending in English. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/Overview 2 of updates on Wikimedia movement strategy process|This message is available for translation on Meta-Wiki]].''

As we mentioned last month, the Wikimedia movement is beginning a movement-wide strategy discussion, a process which will run throughout 2017. This movement strategy discussion will focus on the future of our movement: where we want to go together, and what we want to achieve.

Regular updates are being sent to the [[mail:Wikimedia-l|Wikimedia-l mailing list]], and posted [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia_movement/2017/Updates|on Meta-Wiki]]. Each month, we are sending overviews of these updates to this page as well. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/Signup|Sign up]] to receive future announcements and monthly highlights of strategy updates on your user talk page.

Here is a overview of the updates that have been sent since our message last month:
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/16 February 2017 - Update 7 on Wikimedia movement strategy process|Update 7 on Wikimedia movement strategy process]] (16 February 2017)
** Development of documentation for Tracks A &amp; B
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/24 February 2017 - Update 8 on Wikimedia movement strategy process|Update 8 on Wikimedia movement strategy process]] (24 February 2017)
** Introduction of Track Leads for all four audience tracks
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/2 March 2017 - Update 9 on Wikimedia movement strategy process|Update 9 on Wikimedia movement strategy process]] (2 March 2017)
** Seeking feedback on documents being used to help facilitate upcoming community discussions

More information about the movement strategy is available on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017|Meta-Wiki 2017 Wikimedia movement strategy portal]].

''Posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] on behalf of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation|Wikimedia Foundation]], 19:43, 9 مارچ 2017 (UTC) • [[m:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/Overview 2 of updates on Wikimedia movement strategy process|{{int:please-translate}}]] • [[m:Talk:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates|Get help]]''
&lt;/div&gt;
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== We invite you to join the movement strategy conversation (now through April 15) ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
: ''This message, &quot;[[mailarchive:wikimediaannounce-l/2017-March/001383.html|We invite you to join the movement strategy conversation (now through April 15)]]&quot;, was sent through multiple channels by  [[m:User:GVarnum-WMF|Gregory Varnum]] on 15 and 16 of March 2017 to village pumps, affiliate talk pages, movement mailing lists, and MassMessage groups. A similar message was sent by [[m:User:Nicole_Ebber_(WMDE)|Nicole Ebber]] to organized groups and their mailing lists on 15 of March 2017. This version of the message is available for translation and documentation purposes'' 

Dear Wikimedians/Wikipedians:

Today we are starting a broad discussion to define Wikimedia's future role in the world and develop a collaborative strategy to fulfill that role. You are warmly invited to join the conversation.

There are many ways to participate, by joining an existing conversation or starting your own: 

[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia_movement/2017/Track_A|Track A (organized groups)]]: Discussions with your affiliate, committee or other organized group (these are groups that support the Wikimedia movement). 

Track B (individual contributors): [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia_movement/2017/Cycle_1|On Meta]] or your [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia_movement/2017/Participate|local language or project wiki]].

This is the first of three conversations, and it will run between now and April 15. The purpose of cycle 1 is to discuss the future of the movement and generate major themes around potential directions. What do we want to build or achieve together over the next 15 years?

We welcome you, as we create this conversation together, and look forward to broad and diverse participation from all parts of our movement.

* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia_movement/2017|Find out more about the movement strategy process]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia_movement/2017/Toolkit/Discussion_Coordinator_Role|Learn more about volunteering to be a Discussion Coordinator]]

Sincerely,

Nicole Ebber (Track A Lead), Jaime Anstee (Track B Lead), &amp; the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia_movement/2017/People|engagement support teams]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; 05:09, 18 مارچ 2017 (UTC)
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== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Updates/Start of the 2017 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees elections|Start of the 2017 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees elections]] ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
''Please accept our apologies for cross-posting this message. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Updates/Start of the 2017 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees elections|This message is available for translation on Meta-Wiki]].''
[[File:Wikimedia-logo black.svg|right|150px|link=m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017]]

On behalf of the Wikimedia Foundation Elections Committee, I am pleased to announce that self-nominations are being accepted for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2017/Board_of_Trustees/Call_for_candidates|2017 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees Elections]].

The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees|Board of Trustees]] (Board) is the decision-making body that is ultimately responsible for the long-term sustainability of the Wikimedia Foundation, so we value wide input into its selection. More information about this role can be found [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Board of Trustees|on Meta-Wiki]]. Please read the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Board of Trustees/Call for candidates|letter from the Board of Trustees calling for candidates]].

'''The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Board of Trustees/Candidates|candidacy submission phase]] will last from April 7 (00:00 UTC) to April 20 (23:59 UTC).'''

'''We will also be accepting questions to ask the candidates from April 7 to April 20. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Board of Trustees/Questions|You can submit your questions on Meta-Wiki]].'''

Once the questions submission period has ended on April 20, the Elections Committee will then collate the questions for the candidates to respond to beginning on April 21.

The goal of this process is to fill the '''three community-selected seats''' on the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees. The election results will be used by the Board itself to select its new members.

The full schedule for the Board elections is as follows. All dates are '''inclusive''', that is, from the beginning of the first day (UTC) to the end of the last. 

* April 7 (00:00 UTC) – April 20 (23:59 UTC) – '''Board nominations''' 
* April 7 – April 20 – '''Board candidates questions submission period'''
* April 21 – April 30 – '''Board candidates answer questions'''
* May 1 – May 14 – '''Board voting period'''
* May 15–19 – '''Board vote checking'''
* May 20 – '''Board result announcement goal'''

In addition to the Board elections, we will also soon be holding elections for the following roles:

* '''Funds Dissemination Committee (FDC)'''
** There are five positions being filled. More information about this election will be available [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Funds Dissemination Committee|on Meta-Wiki]].

* '''Funds Dissemination Committee Ombudsperson (Ombuds)'''
** One position is being filled.  More information about this election will be available [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Funds Dissemination Committee Ombudsperson|on Meta-Wiki]].

Please note that this year the Board of Trustees elections will be held before the FDC and Ombuds elections. Candidates who are not elected to the Board are explicitly permitted and encouraged to submit themselves as candidates to the FDC or Ombuds positions after the results of the Board elections are announced. 

More information on this year's elections can be found [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017|on Meta-Wiki]]. Any questions related to the election can be posted on the [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017|election talk page on Meta-Wiki]], or sent to the election committee's mailing list, &lt;tt dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;font-size:12px;line-height:1.5&quot;&gt;board-elections[[File:At sign.svg|15x15px|middle|link=|alt=(at)]]wikimedia.org&lt;/tt&gt;.

On behalf of the Election Committee,&lt;br /&gt;
[[m:User:KTC|Katie Chan]], Chair, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections committee|Wikimedia Foundation Elections Committee]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[m:User:JSutherland (WMF)|Joe Sutherland]], Community Advocate, Wikimedia Foundation

''Posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] on behalf of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections committee|Wikimedia Foundation Elections Committee]], 03:37, 7 اپرېل 2017 (UTC) • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Updates/Start of the 2017 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees elections|{{int:please-translate}}]] • [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017|Get help]]''&lt;/div&gt;
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== Read-only mode for 20 to 30 minutes on 19 April and 3 May ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;

[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch 2017|Read this message in another language]]  •  {{int:please-translate}}

The [[foundation:|Wikimedia Foundation]] will be testing its secondary data center in Dallas.  This will make sure that Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia wikis can stay online even after a disaster.  To make sure everything is working, the Wikimedia Technology department needs to conduct a planned test.  This test will show whether they can reliably switch from one data center to the other. It requires many teams to prepare for the test and to be available to fix any unexpected problems. 

They will switch all traffic to the secondary data center on '''Wednesday, 19 April 2017'''.
On '''Wednesday, 3 May 2017''', they will switch back to the primary data center.  

Unfortunately, because of some limitations in [[mw:Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], all editing must stop during those two switches.  We apologize for this disruption, and we are working to minimize it in the future. 

'''You will be able to read, but not edit, all wikis for a short period of time.'''

*You will not be able to edit for approximately 20 to 30 minutes on Wednesday, 19 April and Wednesday, 3 May. The test will start at [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20170419T14 14:00 UTC] (15:00 BST, 16:00 CEST, 10:00 EDT, 07:00 PDT, 23:00 JST, and in New Zealand at 02:00 NZST on Thursday 20 April and Thursday 4 May). 
*If you try to edit or save during these times, you will see an error message.  We hope that no edits will be lost during these minutes, but we can't guarantee it.  If you see the error message, then please wait until everything is back to normal.  Then you should be able to save your edit.  But, we recommend that you make a copy of your changes first, just in case.

''Other effects'':

*Background jobs will be slower and some may be dropped. Red links might not be updated as quickly as normal. If you create an article that is already linked somewhere else, the link will stay red longer than usual. Some long-running scripts will have to be stopped.
*There will be code freezes for the weeks of 17 April 2017 and 1 May 2017.  Non-essential code deployments will not happen.

This project may be postponed if necessary.  You can [[wikitech:Switch Datacenter#Schedule for 2017 switch|read the schedule at wikitech.wikimedia.org]]. Any changes will be announced in the schedule.  There will be more notifications about this.  '''Please share this information with your community.''' /&lt;span dir=ltr&gt;[[m:User:Whatamidoing (WMF)|User:Whatamidoing (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Whatamidoing (WMF)|talk]])&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;[[کارن:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[د کارن خبرې اترې:MediaWiki message delivery|خبرې اترې]]) 17:34, 11 اپرېل 2017 (UTC)
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== Wikidata description editing in the Wikipedia Android app ==

&lt;div class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
[[:mw:Wikimedia_Apps/Short_descriptions|Wikidata description editing]] is a new experiment being rolled out on the Wikipedia app for Android.  While this primarily impacts Wikidata, the changes are also addressing a concern about the mobile versions of Wikipedia, so that mobile users will be able to edit directly the descriptions shown under the title of the page and in the search results.

We began by rolling out this feature several weeks ago  to a pilot group of Wikipedias (Russian, Hebrew, and Catalan), and have seen very positive [[:mw:Wikimedia_Apps/Short_descriptions/Research|results]] including numerous quality contributions in the form of new and updated descriptions, and a low rate of vandalism.

We are now ready for the next phase of rolling out this feature, which is to enable it in a few days for all Wikipedias except the top ten by usage within the app (i.e. except English, German, Italian, French, Spanish, Japanese, Dutch, Portuguese, Turkish, and Chinese). We will enable the feature for those languages instead at some point in the future, as we closely monitor user engagement with our expanded set of pilot communities.
As always, if have any concerns, please reach out to us on wiki at [[:mw:Talk:Wikimedia_Apps/Short_descriptions|the talk page for this project]] or by email at reading@wikimedia.org. Thanks!

-[[:mw:User:DBrant (WMF)|DBrant (WMF)]] 08:41, 14 اپرېل 2017 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
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== New Page previews feature ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
New Page previews feature

[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/User:CKoerner (WMF)/Enable Hovercards/Phase 1|Read this message in another language]]  •  {{int:please-translate}}

Hello,

The Reading web team at the Wikimedia Foundation has been working to enable [[mw:Beta Features/Hovercards|Page previews]], [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|a beta feature]] known previously as Hovercards, as opt-in behavior for logged-in users and the default behavior for logged-out users across Wikipedia projects. Page previews provide a preview of any linked article, giving readers a quick understanding of a related article without leaving the current page. For this project, we are expecting to collect feedback over the following few weeks and tentatively enable the feature in early May, 2017.

A quick note on the implementation:

* For logged-in users who are not currently testing out the beta feature, Page previews will be off by default. Users may turn them on from [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|their user preferences]] page.
* For logged-out users, the feature will be on by default. Users may disable it at any time by selecting the setting cog available in each preview.
* For users of the Navigation popups gadget, you will not be able to turn on the Page previews feature while using navigational popups. If you would like to try out the Page preview feature, make sure to first turn Navigation popups off prior to turning Page previews on. 

You can read more about [[mw:Beta_Features/Hovercards|the feature]] and [[mw:Beta Features/Hovercards#Success Metrics and Feature Evaluation|the tests we used to evaluate performance]], try it out by enabling it from the beta features page, and leave feedback or questions [[mw:Talk:Beta_Features/Hovercards|on the talk page]]. 

Thank you, [[کارن:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[د کارن خبرې اترې:MediaWiki message delivery|خبرې اترې]]) 16:52, 19 اپرېل 2017 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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== New Wikipedia Library Accounts Available Now (May 2017) ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;

Hello Wikimedians! 
[[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|upright|The TWL OWL says sign up today!]]
[[m:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] is announcing signups today for free, full-access, accounts to published research as part of our [[m:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|Publisher Donation Program]]. You can sign up for new accounts and research materials from:

* '''[[w:en:Wikipedia:American Psychiatric Association|American Psychiatric Association]]''' – Psychiatry books and journals
* '''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Bloomsbury|Bloomsbury]]''' – ''Who's Who'', Drama Online, Berg Fashion Library, and ''Whitaker's''
* '''[[w:fi:Wikipedia:Wikipedian Lähdekirjasto/Gaudeamus|Gaudeamus]]''' – Finnish humanities and social sciences
* '''[[w:fi:Wikipedia:Wikipedian Lähdekirjasto/Ympäristö-lehti|Ympäristö-lehti]]''' – The Finnish Environment Institute's ''Ympäristö-lehti'' magazine

'''Expansions'''
* '''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Gale|Gale]]''' – Biography In Context database added
* '''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Adam Matthew|Adam Matthew]]''' – all 53 databases now available

Many other partnerships with accounts available are listed on [[m:The Wikipedia Library/Databases|our partners page]], including [[w:en:WP:Project MUSE|Project MUSE]], [[w:en:WP:EBSCO|EBSCO]], [[w:en:WP:Taylor &amp; Francis|Taylor &amp; Francis]] and [[w:en:WP:Newspaperarchive.com|Newspaperarchive.com]]. 

Do better research and help expand the use of high quality references across Wikipedia projects: sign up today!
&lt;br&gt;--[[w:en:Wikipedia:TWL/Coordinators|The Wikipedia Library Team]] 18:52, 2 می 2017 (UTC)

:''You can host and coordinate signups for a Wikipedia Library branch in your own language. Please contact [[m:User:AVasanth_(WMF)|Aaron]].''&lt;br&gt; 
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&lt;/div&gt;
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== [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:SecurePoll/vote/341?setlang={{CONTENTLANG}} Voting has begun in 2017 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees elections] ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[File:Wikimedia-logo black.svg|{{#switch:{{CONTENTLANG}}|ar=left|he=left|right}}|125px|link=m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Updates/Board voting has begun]]''This is a message from the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections committee|Wikimedia Foundation Elections Committee]]. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Updates/Board voting has begun|Translations]] are available.''

[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:SecurePoll/vote/341?setlang={{CONTENTLANG}}&amp;uselang={{CONTENTLANG}} Voting has begun] for [[m:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017#Requirements|eligible voters]] in the 2017 elections for the ''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Board of Trustees|Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees]]''.

The [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees|Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees]] is the ultimate governing authority of the Wikimedia Foundation, a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization registered in the United States. The Wikimedia Foundation manages many diverse projects such as Wikipedia and Commons.

The voting phase lasts from 00:00 UTC May 1 to 23:59 UTC May 14. '''[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:SecurePoll/vote/341?setlang={{CONTENTLANG}}&amp;uselang={{CONTENTLANG}} Click here to vote].''' More information on the candidates and the elections can be found on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Board of Trustees|2017 Board of Trustees election page]] on Meta-Wiki. 

On behalf of the Elections Committee,&lt;br/&gt;
[[m:User:KTC|Katie Chan]], Chair, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections committee|Wikimedia Foundation Elections Committee]]&lt;br/&gt;
[[m:User:JSutherland (WMF)|Joe Sutherland]], Community Advocate, Wikimedia Foundation

''Posted by the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Updates/Board voting has begun|Translate]] • [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017|Get help]]&lt;/div&gt; 19:14, 3 می 2017 (UTC)''
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== Beta Feature Two Column Edit Conflict View ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
From May 9, the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Two_Column_Edit_Conflict_View|Two Column Edit Conflict View]] will be available as a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Beta Features|beta feature]] on all wikis. The Two Column Edit Conflict View is a new interface for the edit conflict resolution page. It highlights differences between the editor's and the conflicting changes to make it easy to copy and paste pieces of the text and resolve the conflict. The feature fulfils a request for a more user-friendly edit conflict resolution from the [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes|German Community’s Technical Wishlist]]. Everyone is invited to test the feature and we hope that it will serve you well! &lt;/div&gt; [[m:user:Birgit Müller (WMDE)|Birgit Müller (WMDE)]] 14:41, 8 می 2017 (UTC)
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== Prototype for editing Wikidata infoboxes on Wikipedia ==

Hello,

I’m sorry for writing in English. It’d be great if someone could translate this message if necessary.

One of the most requested features for Wikidata is to enable editing of Wikidata’s data directly from Wikipedia, so the editors can continue their workflow without switching websites.

The Wikidata development team has been working on a tool to achieve this goal: '''fill and edit the Wikipedia infoboxes with information from Wikidata, directly on Wikipedia''', via the Visual Editor. 

We already [[d:Wikidata:Client editing input|asked for feedback in 2015]], and collected some interesting ideas which we [[:File:Facilitating_the_use_of_Wikidata_in_Wikimedia_projects_with_a_user-centered_design_approach.pdf|shared with you in this thesis]]. Now we would like to present to you our first prototype and collect your feedback, in order to improve and continue the development of this feature.

We present this work to you very early, so we can include your feedback before and all along the development. You are the core users of this feature, so we want to make sure that it fits your needs and editing processes.

You will find the prototype, description of the features, and a demo video, '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Client editing prototype|on this page]]'''. Feel free to add any comment or feedback on the talk page. The page is currently not translated in every languages, but you can add your contribution by helping to translate it.

Unfortunately, I won’t be able to follow all the discussions on Wikipedia, so if you want to be sure that your feedback is read, please add it on the Wikidata page, in your favorite language. Thanks for your understanding.

Thanks, [[user:Lea Lacroix (WMDE)|Lea Lacroix (WMDE)]]
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== RevisionSlider ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:RevisionSlider|RevisionSlider]] will be available as a default feature for all users on all wikis from May 17. The RevisionSlider adds a slider view to the diff page so that you can easily move between revisions. The slider view is collapsed by default, and will load by clicking on it. It can also be turned off entirely in the user preferences. RevisionSlider has been a default feature on German, Arabic and Hebrew Wikipedia for 6 months and a beta feature on all wikis for 8 months. The feature fulfills a wish from the [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes|German Community’s Technical Wishlist]]. Thanks to everyone who tested RevisionSlider and gave valuable feedback to improve the feature! We hope that RevisionSlider will continue to serve you well in your work. &lt;/div&gt; [[m:user:Birgit Müller (WMDE)|Birgit Müller (WMDE)]] 14:44, 16 می 2017 (UTC)
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== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Cycle 2|Join the next cycle of Wikimedia movement strategy discussions (underway until June 12)]] ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/Cycle 2 discussions launch|Message is available for translation on Meta-Wiki]]''
[[File:Wikimedia-logo.svg||{{#switch:{{CONTENTLANG}}|ar=left|he=left|right}}||150px]]
The Wikimedia movement strategy core team and working groups have completed reviewing the more than 1800 thematic statements we received from the first discussion. They have identified [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Cycle 2|5 themes that were consistent across all the conversations]] - each with their own set of sub-themes. These are not the final themes, just an initial working draft of the core concepts.

You are invited to [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Participate|join the online and offline discussions taking place]] on these 5 themes. This round of discussions will take place between now and June 12th. You can discuss as many as you like; we ask you to participate in the ones that are most (or least) important to you.

Here are the five themes, each has a page on Meta-Wiki with more information about the theme and how to participate in that theme's discussion:

* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Cycle 2/Healthy, Inclusive Communities|Healthy, Inclusive Communities]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Cycle 2/The Augmented Age|The Augmented Age]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Cycle 2/A Truly Global Movement|A Truly Global Movement]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Cycle 2/The Most Respected Source of Knowledge|The Most Respected Source of Knowledge]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Cycle 2/Engaging in the Knowledge Ecosystem|Engaging in the Knowledge Ecosystem]]

On the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Participate|movement strategy portal on Meta-Wiki]], you can find more information about each of these themes, their discussions, and how to participate.

''Posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] on behalf of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation|Wikimedia Foundation]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/Cycle 2 discussions launch|{{int:please-translate}}]] • [[m:Talk:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates|Get help]]''&lt;/div&gt; 21:09, 16 می 2017 (UTC)
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== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Updates/Start of the 2017 Wikimedia Foundation Funds Dissemination Committee elections|Start of the 2017 Wikimedia Foundation Funds Dissemination Committee elections]] ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[File:Wikimedia-logo black.svg|{{#switch:{{CONTENTLANG}}|ar=left|he=left|right}}|125px|link=m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Updates/Start of the 2017 Wikimedia Foundation Funds Dissemination Committee elections]]
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Updates/Start of the 2017 Wikimedia Foundation Funds Dissemination Committee elections|Translations of this message are available on Meta-Wiki]].''

On behalf of the Wikimedia Foundation Elections Committee, we are pleased to announce that self-nominations are being accepted for the [[m:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Funds Dissemination Committee/Call for candidates|2017 Wikimedia Foundation Funds Dissemination Committee]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Funds Dissemination Committee Ombudsperson|Funds Dissemination Committee Ombudsperson]] elections. Please read the letter from the Wikimedia Foundation calling for candidates at [[m:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Funds Dissemination Committee/Call for candidates|on the 2017 Wikimedia Foundation elections portal]].

''Funds Dissemination Committee''&lt;br /&gt;
The Funds Dissemination Committee (FDC) makes recommendations about how to allocate Wikimedia movement funds to eligible entities.  There are five positions being filled. More information about this role can be found at [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Funds Dissemination Committee|the FDC elections page]].

''Funds Dissemination Committee Ombudsperson''&lt;br /&gt;
The Funds Dissemination Committee Ombudsperson receives complaints and feedback about the FDC process, investigates complaints at the request of the Board of Trustees,  and summarizes the investigations and feedback for the Board of Trustees on an annual basis. One position is being filled. More information about this role can be found at [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Funds Dissemination Committee Ombudsperson|the FDC Ombudsperson elections page]]. 

'''The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Funds Dissemination Committee/Candidates|candidacy submission phase]] will last until May 28 (23:59 UTC).'''

'''We will also be accepting questions to ask the candidates until May 28. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Funds Dissemination Committee/Questions|You can submit your questions on Meta-Wiki]].''' Once the questions submission period has ended on May 28, the Elections Committee will then collate the questions for the candidates to respond to.

The goal of this process is to fill the '''five community-selected seats''' on the Wikimedia Foundation Funds Dissemination Committee and the '''community-selected ombudsperson'''. The election results will be used by the Board itself to make the appointments.

The full schedule for the FDC elections is as follows. All dates are '''inclusive''', that is, from the beginning of the first day (UTC) to the end of the last.

* May 15 (00:00 UTC) – May 28 (23:59 UTC) – '''Nominations'''
* May 15 – May 28 – '''Candidates questions submission period'''
* May 29 – June 2 – '''Candidates answer questions'''
* June 3 – June 11 – '''Voting period'''
* June 12–14 – '''Vote checking'''
* June 15 – '''Goal date for announcing election results'''

More information on this year's elections can be found at [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017|the 2017 Wikimedia Foundation elections portal]].

Please feel free to post a note about the election on your project's village pump. Any questions related to the election can be posted on [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017|the talk page on Meta-Wiki]], or sent to the election committee's mailing list, &lt;tt dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;font-size:12px;line-height:1.5&quot;&gt;board-elections[[File:At sign.svg|15x15px|middle|link=|alt=(at)]]wikimedia.org&lt;/tt&gt;.

On behalf of the Election Committee,&lt;br /&gt;
[[m:User:KTC|Katie Chan]], Chair, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections committee|Wikimedia Foundation Elections Committee]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[m:User:JSutherland (WMF)|Joe Sutherland]], Community Advocate, Wikimedia Foundation

''Posted by the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Updates/Start of the 2017 Wikimedia Foundation Funds Dissemination Committee elections|Translate]] • [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017|Get help]]''&lt;/div&gt; 21:06, 23 مې 2017 (UTC)
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== Accessible editing buttons ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;The MediaWiki developers have been slowly improving the accessibility of the user interface.  The next step in this transition will change the appearance of some buttons and may break some outdated (non-updated or unmaintained) user scripts and gadgets.

You can see and use the [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Project:Sandbox?action=submit&amp;ooui=0 old] and [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Project:Sandbox?action=submit&amp;ooui=1 new] versions now.  Most editors will only notice that some buttons are slightly larger and have different colors.

&lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot; caption=&quot;Comparison of old and new styles&quot; heights=&quot;240&quot; widths=&quot;572&quot;&gt;
File:MediaWiki edit page buttons accessibility change 2017, before.png|Buttons before the change
File:MediaWiki edit page buttons accessibility change 2017, after.png|Buttons after the change
&lt;/gallery&gt;

However, this change also affects some user scripts and gadgets.  Unfortunately, some of them may not work well in the new system.  &lt;mark&gt;If you maintain any user scripts or gadgets that are used for editing, please see '''[[:mw:Contributors/Projects/Accessible editing buttons]]''' for information on how to test and fix your scripts.  Outdated scripts can be tested and fixed now.&lt;/mark&gt;

This change will probably reach this wiki on '''Tuesday, 18 July 2017'''.  Please leave a note at [[:mw:Talk:Contributors/Projects/Accessible editing buttons]] if you need help.&lt;/div&gt; [[:m:User:Whatamidoing (WMF)|Whatamidoing (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Whatamidoing (WMF)|talk]]) 22:23, 10 جولای 2017 (UTC)
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== Page Previews (Hovercards) update ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;

Hello,

A quick update on the progress of enabling [[mw:Hovercards|Page Previews]] (previously named Hovercards) on this project. Page Previews provide a preview of any linked article, giving readers a quick understanding of a related article without leaving the current page. As mentioned in December we're preparing to remove the feature from Beta and make it the default behavior for logged-out users. We have recently made a large update to the code which fixes most outstanding bugs. 

Due to some issues with our instrumentation, we delayed our deployment by a few months.  We are finally ready to deploy the feature.  Page Previews will be off by default and available in the user preferences page for logged-in users the week of July 24th. The feature will be on by default for current beta users and logged-out users. If you would like to preview the feature, you can enable it as a [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|beta feature]]. For more information see [[mw:Hovercards|Page Previews]]. Questions can be left [[mw:Talk:Beta_Features/Hovercards|on the talk page]] in your preferred language. 

Thank you again.
&lt;/div&gt;[[m:User:CKoerner (WMF)|CKoerner (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:CKoerner (WMF)|talk]]) 22:32, 20 جولای 2017 (UTC)
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== RfC regarding &quot;Interlinking of accounts involved with paid editing to decrease impersonation&quot; ==

There is currently a RfC open on Meta regarding &quot;[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Requests_for_comment/Interlinking_of_accounts_involved_with_paid_editing_to_decrease_impersonation requiring those involved with paid editing on Wikipedia to link on their user page to all other active accounts through which they advertise paid Wikipedia editing business.]&quot; 

Note this is to apply to Wikipedia and not necessarily other sister projects, this is only to apply to websites where people are specifically advertising that they will edit Wikipedia for pay and not any other personal, professional, or social media accounts a person may have.

[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Requests_for_comment/Interlinking_of_accounts_involved_with_paid_editing_to_decrease_impersonation Please comment on meta]. Thanks. Send on behalf of [[User:Doc James]].

[[کارن:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[د کارن خبرې اترې:MediaWiki message delivery|خبرې اترې]]) 21:06, 17 سېپتمبر 2017 (UTC)
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== Discussion on synced reading lists ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
'''Discussion on synced reading lists'''

Hello,

[[File:Illustration of Reading List feature on Android Wikipedia App (not logged in).png|thumb]] The Reading Infrastructure team at the Wikimedia Foundation is developing a cross-platform reading list service for the mobile Wikipedia app. Reading lists are like bookmark folders in your web browser. They allow readers using the Wikipedia app to bookmark pages into folders to read later. This includes reading offline. Reading lists do not create or alter content in any way.  

To create Reading Lists, app users will register an account and marked pages will be tied to that account. Reading List account preferences sync between devices. You can read the same pages on different mobile platforms (tablets, phones).  This is the first time we are syncing preference data between devices in such a way. We want to hear and address concerns about privacy and data security. We also want to explain why the current watchlist system is not being adapted for this purpose. 
=== Background ===
In 2016 the Android team replaced the simple Saved Pages feature with Reading Lists. Reading Lists allow users to bookmark pages into folders and for reading offline. The intent of this feature was to allow &quot;syncing&quot; of these lists for users with many devices. Due to overlap with the Gather feature and related community concerns, this part was put on hold. 

The Android team has identified this lack of synching as a major area of complaint from users. They expect lists to sync. The iOS team has held off implementing Reading Lists, as syncing was seen as a &quot;must have&quot; for this feature. A recent [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T164990 technical RfC] has allowed these user stories and needs to be unblocked. Initially for Android, then iOS, and with web to potentially follow.

Reading lists are private, stored as part of a user's account, not as a public wiki page. There is no sharing or publishing ability for reading lists. No planned work to make these public. The target audience are people that read Wikipedia and want to bookmark and organize that content in the app. There is a potential for the feature to be available on the web in the future.

=== Why not watchlists ===

Watchlists offer similar functionality to Reading Lists. The Reading Infrastructure team evaluated watchlist infrastructure before exploring other options. In general, the needs of watchlists differ from Reading Lists in a few key ways:
* Reading lists focus on Reading articles, not the monitoring of changes.
* Watchlists are focused on monitoring changes of pages/revisions. 
** The Watchlist infrastructure is key to our contributor community for monitoring content changes manually and through the use of automated tools (bots). Because of these needs, expanding the scope of Watchlists to reading purposes will only make the project harder to maintain and add more constraints.
* By keeping the projects separate it is easier to scale resources. We can serve these two different audiences and prioritize the work accordingly. Reading Lists are, by their nature, less critical to the health of Wikipedia/MediaWiki.
* Multi-project support. Reading Lists are by design cross-wiki/project. Watchlists are tied to specific wikis. While there have been many discussion for making them cross-wiki, resolution is not in the near term.
[[mw:Wikimedia Apps/Synced Reading Lists|More information can be found on MediaWiki.org]] where feedback and ideas are welcome. 

Thank you
&lt;/div&gt; [[m:User:CKoerner (WMF)|CKoerner (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:CKoerner (WMF)|talk]]) 20:35, 20 سېپتمبر 2017 (UTC)
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== Changes to the global ban policy ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Hello. Some changes to the [[m:Global bans|community global ban policy]] have been proposed. Your comments are welcome at [[:m:Requests for comment/Improvement of global ban policy]]. Please translate this message to your language, if needed. Cordially. [[:m:User:Matiia|Matiia]] ([[:m:User talk:Matiia|Matiia]]) 00:34, 12 نومبر 2017 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
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== New print to pdf feature for mobile web readers ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
'''New print to pdf feature for mobile web readers'''

The Readers web team will be deploying a new feature this week to make it [[mw:Reading/Web/Projects/Mobile_PDFs|easier to download PDF versions of articles on the mobile website]].

Providing better offline functionality was one of the highlighted areas from [[m:New_Readers/Offline|the research done by the New Readers team in Mexico, Nigeria, and India]]. The teams created a prototype for mobile PDFs which was evaluated by user research and community feedback.  The [[m:New_Readers/Offline#Concept_testing_for_mobile_web|prototype evaluation]] received positive feedback and results, so development continued.

For the initial deployment, the feature will be available to Google Chrome browsers on Android. Support for other mobile browsers to come in the future. For Chrome, the feature will use the native Android print functionality. Users can choose to download a webpage as a PDF. [[mw:Reading/Web/Projects/Print_Styles#Mobile_Printing|Mobile print styles]] will be used for these PDFs to ensure optimal readability for smaller screens.

The feature is available starting Wednesday, Nov 15. For more information, see [[mw:Reading/Web/Projects/Mobile_PDFs|the project page on MediaWiki.org]]. 

{{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} 
&lt;/div&gt; [[m:User:CKoerner (WMF)|CKoerner (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:CKoerner (WMF)|talk]]) 22:07, 20 نومبر 2017 (UTC)
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== Call for Wikimania 2018 Scholarships ==

Hi all,

We wanted to inform you that scholarship applications for [[:wm2018:Wikimania 2018|Wikimania 2018]] which is being held in Cape Town, South Africa on July 18–22, 2018 are now being accepted. '''Applications are open until Monday, 22 January 2018 23:59 UTC.'''

Applicants will be able to apply for a partial or full scholarship. A full scholarship will cover the cost of an individual's round-trip travel, shared accommodation, and conference registration fees as arranged by the Wikimedia Foundation. A partial scholarship will cover conference registration fees and shared accommodation. Applicants will be rated using a pre-determined selection process and selection criteria established by the Scholarship Committee and the Wikimedia Foundation, who will determine which applications are successful. To learn more about Wikimania 2018 scholarships, please visit: [[:wm2018:Scholarships]].

To apply for a scholarship, fill out the multi-language application form on: '''https://scholarships.wikimedia.org/apply'''

It is highly recommended that applicants review all the material on the Scholarships page and [[:wm2018:Scholarships/FAQ|the associated FAQ]] before submitting an application. If you have any questions, please contact: wikimania-scholarships at wikimedia.org or leave a message at: [[:wm2018:Talk:Scholarships]]. Please help us spread the word and translate pages!

Best regards, [[:m:User:Slashme|David Richfield]] and [[:m:DerHexer|Martin Rulsch]] for the [[:wm2018:Scholarship Committee|Scholarship Committee]] ۱۹:۲۴, ۲۰ ډيسمبر ۲۰۱۷ (UTC)
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== User group for Military Historians ==

Greetings, 

&quot;Military history&quot; is one of the most important subjects when speak of sum of all human knowledge. To support contributors interested in the area over various language Wikipedias, we intend to form a user group. It also provides a platform to share the best practices between military historians, and various military related projects on Wikipedias. An initial discussion was has been done between the coordinators and members of WikiProject Military History on English Wikipedia. Now this discussion has been taken to Meta-Wiki. Contributors intrested in the area of military history are requested to share their feedback and give suggestions at [[:m:Talk:Discussion to incubate a user group for Wikipedia Military Historians|Talk:Discussion to incubate a user group for Wikipedia Military Historians]].

[[کارن:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[د کارن خبرې اترې:MediaWiki message delivery|خبرې اترې]]) ۱۰:۴۶, ۲۱ ډيسمبر ۲۰۱۷ (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Krishna Chaitanya Velaga@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_Wikipedia_delivery&amp;oldid=17565441 --&gt;

== AdvancedSearch ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
From May 8, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:AdvancedSearch|AdvancedSearch]] will be available as a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Beta Features|beta feature]] in your wiki. The feature enhances the [[Special:Search|search page]] through an advanced parameters form and aims to make [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/AdvancedSearch/Functional_scope|existing search options]] more visible and accessible for everyone. AdvancedSearch is a project by [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/AdvancedSearch|WMDE Technical Wishes]]. Everyone is invited to test the feature and we hope that it will serve you well in your work!  &lt;/div&gt; [[m:User:Birgit Müller (WMDE)|Birgit Müller (WMDE)]] ۱۴:۵۳, ۷ مې ۲۰۱۸ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|ہ ن و]])
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== New Wikipedia Library Accounts Available Now (May 2018) ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;


Hello Wikimedians! 
[[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|upright|The TWL OWL says sign up today!]]
[[m:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] is announcing signups today for free, full-access, accounts to research and tools as part of our [[m:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|Publisher Donation Program]]. You can sign up for new accounts and research materials on the [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/ Library Card platform]: 
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/69/ Rock's Backpages]''' – Music articles and interviews from the 1950s onwards - 50 accounts
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/68/ Invaluable]''' – Database of more than 50 million auctions and over 500,000 artists - 15 accounts
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/70/ Termsoup]''' – Translation tool

'''Expansions'''
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/43/ Fold3]''' – Available content has more than doubled, now including new military collections from the UK, Australia, and New Zealand.
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/52/ Oxford University Press]''' – The Scholarship collection now includes [http://www.e-enlightenment.com/ Electronic Enlightenment]
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/60/ Alexander Street Press]''' – [https://alexanderstreet.com/products/women-and-social-movements-library Women and Social Movements Library] now available
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/58/ Cambridge University Press]''' – [http://orlando.cambridge.org/ Orlando Collection] now available

Many other partnerships with accounts available are listed on [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/ our partners page], including [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/47/ Baylor University Press], [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/41/ Loeb Classical Library], [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/46/ Cairn], [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/55/ Gale] and [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/61/ Bloomsbury].

Do better research and help expand the use of high quality references across Wikipedia projects: sign up today!
&lt;br&gt;--[[w:en:Wikipedia:TWL/Coordinators|The Wikipedia Library Team]] ۱۸:۰۳, ۳۰ مې ۲۰۱۸ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|ہ ن و]])

:''You can host and coordinate signups for a Wikipedia Library branch in your own language. Please contact [[m:User:Ocaasi_(WMF)|Ocaasi (WMF)]].''&lt;br&gt; 
:&lt;small&gt;This message was delivered via the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/MassMessage#Global_message_delivery Global Mass Message] tool to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List].&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
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== Global preferences are available ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
Global preferences are now available, you can set them by visiting your new [[Special:GlobalPreferences|global preferences page]]. Visit [[mw:Help:Extension:GlobalPreferences|mediawiki.org for information on how to use them]] and [[mw:Help talk:Extension:GlobalPreferences|leave feedback]]. -- [[User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]])
&lt;/div&gt; ۱۹:۱۹, ۱۰ جولای ۲۰۱۸ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|ہ ن و]])
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== New user group for editing sitewide CSS / JS ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
''({{int:please-translate}})''

Hi all!

To improve the security of our readers and editors, permission handling for CSS/JS pages has changed. (These are pages like &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;MediaWiki:Common.css&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;MediaWiki:Vector.js&lt;/code&gt; which contain code that is executed in the browsers of users of the site.)
A new user group, &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Interface administrators|interface-admin]]&lt;/code&gt;, has been created.
Starting four weeks from now, only members of this group will be able edit CSS/JS pages that they do not own (that is, any page ending with &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;.css&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;.js&lt;/code&gt; that is either in the &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;MediaWiki:&lt;/code&gt; namespace or is another user's user subpage).

You can learn more about the motivation behind the change [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Creation of separate user group for editing sitewide CSS/JS|here]].

Please add users who need to edit CSS/JS to the new group (this can be done the same way new administrators are added, by stewards or local bureaucrats).
This is a dangerous permission; a malicious user or a hacker taking over the account of a careless interface-admin can abuse it in far worse ways than admin permissions could be abused. Please only assign it to users who need it, who are trusted by the community, and who follow common basic password and computer security practices (use strong passwords, do not reuse passwords, use two-factor authentication if possible, do not install software of questionable origin on your machine, use antivirus software if that's a standard thing in your environment).

Thanks!
&lt;br/&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[m:User:Tgr|Tgr]] ([[m:User talk:Tgr|talk]]) ۱۷:۴۵, ۳۰ جولای ۲۰۱۸ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|ہ ن و]]) &lt;small&gt;(via [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|global message delivery]])&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
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== Editing of sitewide CSS/JS is only possible for interface administrators from now ==

''({{int:please-translate}})''

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Hi all,

as [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Creation of separate user group for editing sitewide CSS/JS/announcement 2|announced previously]], permission handling for CSS/JS pages has changed: only members of the &lt;code&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Interface administrators|interface-admin]]&lt;/code&gt; ({{int:group-interface-admin}}) group, and a few highly privileged global groups such as stewards, can edit CSS/JS pages that they do not own (that is, any page ending with .css or .js that is either in the MediaWiki: namespace or is another user's user subpage). This is done to improve the security of readers and editors of Wikimedia projects. More information is available at [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Creation of separate user group for editing sitewide CSS/JS|Creation of separate user group for editing sitewide CSS/JS]]. If you encounter any unexpected problems, please contact me or file a bug.

Thanks!&lt;br /&gt;
[[m:User:Tgr|Tgr]] ([[m:User talk:Tgr|talk]]) ۱۲:۴۰, ۲۷ اگسټ ۲۰۱۸ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|ہ ن و]]) &lt;small&gt;(via [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|global message delivery]])&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
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== Read-only mode for up to an hour on 12 September and 10 October ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;

[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch 2018|Read this message in another language]]  •  {{int:please-translate}}

The [[foundation:|Wikimedia Foundation]] will be testing its secondary data centre.  This will make sure that Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia wikis can stay online even after a disaster.  To make sure everything is working, the Wikimedia Technology department needs to do a planned test. This test will show if they can reliably switch from one data centre to the other. It requires many teams to prepare for the test and to be available to fix any unexpected problems. 

They will switch all traffic to the secondary data center on '''Wednesday, 12 September 2018'''.
On '''Wednesday, 10 October 2018''', they will switch back to the primary data center.  

Unfortunately, because of some limitations in [[mw:Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], all editing must stop when we switch.  We apologize for this disruption, and we are working to minimize it in the future. 

'''You will be able to read, but not edit, all wikis for a short period of time.'''

*You will not be able to edit for up to an hour on Wednesday, 12 September and Wednesday, 10 October. The test will start at [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20170503T14 14:00 UTC] (15:00 BST, 16:00 CEST, 10:00 EDT, 07:00 PDT, 23:00 JST, and in New Zealand at 02:00 NZST on Thursday 13 September and Thursday 11 October). 
*If you try to edit or save during these times, you will see an error message.  We hope that no edits will be lost during these minutes, but we can't guarantee it.  If you see the error message, then please wait until everything is back to normal.  Then you should be able to save your edit.  But, we recommend that you make a copy of your changes first, just in case.

''Other effects'':

*Background jobs will be slower and some may be dropped. Red links might not be updated as quickly as normal. If you create an article that is already linked somewhere else, the link will stay red longer than usual. Some long-running scripts will have to be stopped.
*There will be code freezes for the weeks of 10 September 2018 and 8 October 2018.  Non-essential code deployments will not happen.

This project may be postponed if necessary.  You can [[wikitech:Switch Datacenter#Schedule for 2018 switch|read the schedule at wikitech.wikimedia.org]]. Any changes will be announced in the schedule.  There will be more notifications about this.  '''Please share this information with your community.''' /&lt;span dir=ltr&gt;[[m:User:Johan (WMF)|User:Johan(WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Johan (WMF)|talk]])&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; ۱۳:۳۳, ۶ سېپتمبر ۲۰۱۸ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|ہ ن و]])
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== The Community Wishlist Survey ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;

The Community Wishlist Survey. {{Int:Please-translate}}.

Hey everyone,

The Community Wishlist Survey is the process when the Wikimedia communities decide what the Wikimedia Foundation [[m:Community Tech|Community Tech]] should work on over the next year.

The Community Tech team is focused on tools for experienced Wikimedia editors. You can post technical proposals from now until 11 November. The communities will vote on the proposals between 16 November and 30 November. You can read more on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2019|wishlist survey page]]. 

&lt;span dir=ltr&gt;/[[m:User:Johan (WMF)|User:Johan (WMF)]]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; ۱۱:۰۶, ۳۰ اکتوبر ۲۰۱۸ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|ہ ن و]])
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== Change coming to how certain templates will appear on the mobile web ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
'''Change coming to how certain templates will appear on the mobile web'''

{{int:please-translate}}
[[File:Page_issues_-_mobile_banner_example.jpg|thumb|Example of improvements]]

Hello,

In a few weeks the Readers web team will be changing how some templates look on the mobile web site. We will make these templates more noticeable when viewing the article. We ask for your help in updating any templates that don't look correct.

What kind of templates? Specifically templates that notify readers and contributors about issues with the content of an article – the text and information in the article. Examples like [[wikidata:Q5962027|Template:Unreferenced]] or [[Wikidata:Q5619503|Template:More citations needed]]. Right now these notifications are hidden behind a link under the title of an article. We will format templates like these (mostly those that use Template:Ambox or message box templates in general) to show a short summary under the page title. You can tap on the &quot;Learn more&quot; link to get more information.

For template editors we have [[mw:Recommendations_for_mobile_friendly_articles_on_Wikimedia_wikis#Making_page_issues_(ambox_templates)_mobile_friendly|some recommendations on how to make templates that are mobile-friendly]] and also further [[mw:Reading/Web/Projects/Mobile_Page_Issues|documentation on our work so far]].

If you have questions about formatting templates for mobile, [[mw:Talk:Reading/Web/Projects/Mobile_Page_Issues|please leave a note on the project talk page]] or [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/maniphest/task/edit/form/1/?projects=Readers-Web-Backlog file a task in Phabricator] and we will help you.

{{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}}
&lt;/div&gt; [[m:User:CKoerner (WMF)|CKoerner (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:CKoerner (WMF)|talk]]) ۱۹:۳۵, ۱۳ نومبر ۲۰۱۸ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|ہ ن و]])
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== Community Wishlist Survey vote ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;

The Community Wishlist Survey. {{Int:Please-translate}}.

Hey everyone,

The Community Wishlist Survey is the process when the Wikimedia communities decide what the Wikimedia Foundation [[m:Community Tech|Community Tech]] should work on over the next year.

The Community Tech team is focused on tools for experienced Wikimedia editors. The communities have now posted a long list of technical proposals. You can vote on the proposals from now until 30 November. You can read more on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2019|wishlist survey page]]. 

&lt;span dir=ltr&gt;/[[m:User:Johan (WMF)|User:Johan (WMF)]]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; ۱۸:۱۳, ۲۲ نومبر ۲۰۱۸ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|ہ ن و]])
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== Advanced Search ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;  
[[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/AdvancedSearch|Advanced Search]] will become a default feature on your wiki on November 28. This new interface allows you to perform specialized searches on the [[Special:Search|search page]], even if you don’t know any [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:CirrusSearch|search syntax]]. Advanced Search originates from the [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes|German Community’s Technical Wishes project]]. It's already a default feature on German, Arabic, Farsi and Hungarian Wikipedia. Besides, more than 40.000 users across all wikis have tested the beta version. Feedback is welcome on the [[mw:Help talk:Extension:AdvancedSearch|central feedback page]].&lt;/div&gt; [[m:User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|Johanna Strodt (WMDE)]] ([[m:User talk:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|talk]]) ۱۱:۰۳, ۲۶ نومبر ۲۰۱۸ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|ہ ن و]])
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== New Wikimedia password policy and requirements ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;

{{int:please-translate}}

The Wikimedia Foundation security team is implementing a new [[m:Password policy|password policy and requirements]]. [[mw:Wikimedia_Security_Team/Password_strengthening_2019|You can learn more about the project on MediaWiki.org]].

These new requirements will apply to new accounts and privileged accounts. New accounts will be required to create a password with a minimum length of 8 characters. Privileged accounts will be prompted to update their password to one that is at least 10 characters in length.

These changes are planned to be in effect on December 13th. If you think your work or tools will be affected by this change, please let us know on [[mw:Talk:Wikimedia_Security_Team/Password_strengthening_2019|the talk page]].

{{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}}
&lt;/div&gt; [[m:User:CKoerner (WMF)|CKoerner (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:CKoerner (WMF)|talk]]) ۲۰:۰۳, ۶ ډيسمبر ۲۰۱۸ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|ہ ن و]])
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== Invitation from Wiki Loves Love 2019 ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
{{int:please-translate}}

[[File:WLL Subtitled Logo (transparent).svg|right|frameless]]

Love is an important subject for humanity and it is expressed in different cultures and regions in different ways across the world through different gestures, ceremonies, festivals and to document expression of this rich and beautiful emotion, we need your help so we can share and spread the depth of cultures that each region has, the best of how people of that region, celebrate love. 

[[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Love|Wiki Loves Love (WLL)]] is an international photography competition of Wikimedia Commons with the subject love testimonials happening in the month of February.

The primary goal of the competition is to document love testimonials through human cultural diversity such as monuments, ceremonies, snapshot of tender gesture, and miscellaneous objects used as symbol of love; to illustrate articles in the worldwide free encyclopedia Wikipedia, and other Wikimedia Foundation (WMF) projects. 

The theme of 2019 iteration is '''''Celebrations, Festivals, Ceremonies and rituals of love.'''''

Sign up your affiliate or individually at [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Love 2019/Participants|Participants]] page.

To know more about the contest, check out our [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Love 2019|Commons Page]] and [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Love 2018/FAQ|FAQs]]

There are several prizes to grab. Hope to see you spreading love this February with Wiki Loves Love!

Kind regards,

[[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Love 2018/International Team|Wiki Loves Love Team]]

Imagine... the sum of all love!
&lt;/div&gt;
--[[کارن:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[د کارن خبرې اترې:MediaWiki message delivery|خبرې اترې]]) ۱۰:۱۳, ۲۷ ډيسمبر ۲۰۱۸ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|ہ ن و]])
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== Machine translation support enabled today for Content Translation ==

{{int:Please-translate}}
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt; 

Hello, machine translation support for [[:mw:Content_translation|Content Translation]] (beta feature) has now been extended and enabled for users of this Wikipedia, with the inclusion of [[:en:Google_Translate|Google Translate]]. It can be used when translating Wikipedia articles with Content Translation. To start using this service, please choose ''Google Translate'' from the ''Automatic Translation'' dropdown menu that you see on the sidebar after you start translating an article. 

Please note, machine translation is available from all the languages that are supported by Google Translate, but Content Translation can still be used in the usual manner for translating from all languages, with or without machine translation support. While machine translation exists to aid creation of content conveniently, we would like to emphasise that before publishing, the final content should always be reviewed to avoid errors and ambiguity. We hope that your wiki community will find this new service useful, and that it will help you create more articles in your language.

Wikimedia Foundation and Google have collaborated to work out [[:mw:Content_translation/Machine_Translation/GT#Summary_of_our_agreement_with_Google|an agreement]] that allows the use of Google Translate without compromising Wikipedia’s policy of attribution of rights, privacy of our users and brand representation. For more information, we request you to kindly take a look at the details about [[:mw:Content_translation/Machine_Translation|machine translation services in Content Translation]] and about [[:mw:Content_translation/Machine_Translation/GT|Google Translate translation services]]. You can also read the [https://wikimediafoundation.org/2019/01/09/you-can-now-use-google-translate-to-translate-articles-on-wikipedia main announcement on Wikimedia news]. Please note, translations made using Content Translation are also used to improve machine translation services.

We have tested the service for use, but there could be unknown problems that we are not aware of yet. Please do let us know on our [[:mw:Talk:Content_translation|Project Talk page]] if you face any problems using Content Translation. This message is only in English and we will be very grateful if it could be translated into for other users of this Wikipedia. 

Thank you. -- On behalf of WMF Language team: [[m:User:Runab_WMF|Runa Bhattacharjee (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Runab_WMF|talk]]) ۱۶:۱۵, ۹ جنوري ۲۰۱۹ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|ہ ن و]])

&lt;/div&gt;
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== FileExporter beta feature ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt; 
[[File:Logo for the beta feature FileExporter.svg|thumb|Coming soon: the beta feature [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Move_files_to_Commons|FileExporter]]]]
A new beta feature will soon be released on all wikis: The [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Move_files_to_Commons|FileExporter]]. It allows exports of files from a local wiki to Wikimedia Commons, including their file history and page history. Which files can be exported is defined by each wiki's community: '''Please check your wiki's [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Move_files_to_Commons/Configuration file documentation|configuration file]]''' if you want to use this feature.

The FileExporter has already been a beta feature on [https://www.mediawiki.org mediawiki.org], [https://meta.wikimedia.org meta.wikimedia], deWP, faWP, arWP, koWP and on [https://wikisource.org wikisource.org]. After some functionality was added, it's now becoming a beta feature on all wikis. Deployment is planned for January 16. More information can be found [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Move_files_to_Commons|on the project page]]. 

As always, feedback is highly appreciated. If you want to test the FileExporter, please activate it in your [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|user preferences]]. The best place for feedback is the [[mw:Help_talk:Extension:FileImporter|central talk page]]. Thank you from Wikimedia Deutschland's [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes|Technical Wishes project]].
&lt;/div&gt; [[User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|Johanna Strodt (WMDE)]] ۰۹:۴۱, ۱۴ جنوري ۲۰۱۹ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|ہ ن و]])
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== No editing for 30 minutes on 17 January ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;You will '''not be able to edit''' the wikis for up to 30 minutes on '''[https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190117T07 17 January 07:00 UTC]'''. This is because of a database problem that has to be fixed immediately. You can still read the wikis. Some wikis are not affected. They don't get this message. You can see which wikis are '''not''' affected [[:m:User:Johan (WMF)/201901ReadOnlyPage|on this page]]. Most wikis are affected. The time you can not edit might be shorter than 30 minutes. /[[User:Johan (WMF)|Johan (WMF)]]&lt;/div&gt;
۱۸:۵۲, ۱۶ جنوري ۲۰۱۹ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|ہ ن و]])
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== Talk to us about talking ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
[[File:OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-rtl.svg|alt=&quot;￼icon depicting two speech Bubbles&quot;|frameless|right|120px]]
The Wikimedia Foundation is planning a [[mw:Talk pages consultation 2019|global consultation about communication]]. The goal is to bring Wikimedians and wiki-minded people together to improve tools for communication.

We want all contributors to be able to talk to each other on the wikis, whatever their experience, their skills or their devices.

We are looking for input from as many different parts of the Wikimedia community as possible. It will come from multiple projects, in multiple languages, and with multiple perspectives.

We are currently planning the consultation. We need your help.

'''We need volunteers to help talk to their communities or user groups.'''

You can help by hosting a discussion at your wiki. Here's what to do:  
# First, [[mw:Talk pages consultation 2019/Participant group sign-up|sign up your group here.]]  
# Next, create a page (or a section on a Village pump, or an e-mail thread – whatever is natural for your group) to collect information from other people in your group.  This is not a vote or decision-making discussion: we are just collecting feedback.  
# Then ask people what they think about communication processes.  We want to hear stories and other information about how people communicate with each other on and off wiki.  Please consider asking these five questions:
## When you want to discuss a topic with your community, what tools work for you, and what problems block you?
## What about talk pages works for newcomers, and what blocks them?
## What do others struggle with in your community about talk pages?
## What do you wish you could do on talk pages, but can't due to the technical limitations?
## What are the important aspects of a &quot;wiki discussion&quot;?
# Finally, please go to [[mw:Talk:Talk pages consultation 2019|Talk pages consultation 2019 on Mediawiki.org]] and report what you learned from your group.  Please include links if the discussion is available to the public.

'''You can also help build the list of the many different ways people talk to each other.'''

Not all groups active on wikis or around wikis use the same way to discuss things: it can happen on wiki, on social networks, through external tools... Tell us [[mw:Talk pages consultation 2019/Tools in use|how your group communicates]].

You can read more about [[mw:Talk pages consultation 2019|the overall process]] on mediawiki.org. If you have questions or ideas, you can [[mw:Talk:Talk pages consultation 2019|leave feedback about the consultation process]] in the language you prefer.

Thank you! We're looking forward to talking with you.
&lt;/div&gt; [[user:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]] ۱۵:۰۱, ۲۱ فبروري ۲۰۱۹ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|ہ ن و]])
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== New Wikipedia Library Accounts Available Now (March 2019) ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Hello Wikimedians! 
[[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|upright|The TWL OWL says sign up today!]]
[[m:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] is announcing signups today for free, full-access, accounts to published research as part of our [[m:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|Publisher Donation Program]]. You can sign up for new accounts and research materials on the [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/ Library Card platform]: 
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/72/ Kinige]''' – Primarily Indian-language ebooks - 10 books per month
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/55/ Gale]''' – Times Digital Archive collection added (covering 1785-2013)
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/54/ JSTOR]''' – New applications now being taken again

Many other partnerships with accounts available are listed on [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/ our partners page], including [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/47/ Baylor University Press], [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/10/ Taylor &amp; Francis], [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/46/ Cairn], [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/32/ Annual Reviews] and [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/61/ Bloomsbury]. You can request new partnerships on our [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/suggest/ Suggestions page].

Do better research and help expand the use of high quality references across Wikipedia projects: sign up today!
&lt;br&gt;--[[w:en:Wikipedia:TWL/Coordinators|The Wikipedia Library Team]] ۱۷:۴۰, ۱۳ مارچ ۲۰۱۹ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|ہ ن و]])

:''You can host and coordinate signups for a Wikipedia Library branch in your own language. Please contact [[m:User:Ocaasi_(WMF)|Ocaasi (WMF)]].''&lt;br&gt; 
:&lt;small&gt;This message was delivered via the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/MassMessage#Global_message_delivery Global Mass Message] tool to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List].&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
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== Read-only mode for up to 30 minutes on 11 April ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;You will '''not be able to edit''' most Wikimedia wikis for up to 30 minutes on '''[https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190411T05 11 April 05:00 UTC]'''. This is because of a hardware problem. You can still read the wikis. You [[phab:T220080|can see which wikis are affected]]. The time you can not edit might be shorter than 30 minutes. /[[User:Johan (WMF)|Johan (WMF)]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; ۱۰:۵۶, ۸ اپرېل ۲۰۱۹ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|ہ ن و]])
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== Wikimedia Foundation Medium-Term Plan feedback request ==

{{int:please-translate}}

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;The Wikimedia Foundation has published a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Medium-term_plan_2019|Medium-Term Plan proposal]] covering the next 3–5 years. We want your feedback! Please leave all comments and questions, in any language, on [[m:Talk:Wikimedia_Foundation_Medium-term_plan_2019|the talk page]], by April 20. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} [[m:User:Quiddity (WMF)|Quiddity (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Quiddity (WMF)|talk]]) ۱۷:۳۵, ۱۲ اپرېل ۲۰۱۹ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|ہ ن و]])&lt;/div&gt;
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== New tools and IP masking ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Hey everyone,

The Wikimedia Foundation wants to work on two things that affect how we patrol changes and handle vandalism and harassment. We want to make the tools that are used to handle bad edits better. We also want to get better privacy for unregistered users so their IP addresses are no longer shown to everyone in the world. We would not hide IP addresses until we have better tools for patrolling.

We have an idea of what tools ''could'' be working better and how a more limited access to IP addresses would change things, but we need to hear from more wikis. You can read more about the project [[m:IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation|on Meta]] and [[m:Talk:IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation|post comments and feedback]]. Now is when we need to hear from you to be able to give you better tools to handle vandalism, spam and harassment.

You can post in your language if you can't write in English.
[[User:Johan (WMF)|Johan (WMF)]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; ۱۴:۱۸, ۲۱ اگسټ ۲۰۱۹ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|ہ ن و]])
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== The consultation on partial and temporary Foundation bans just started ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Hello, 

In a [[:en:Wikipedia:Community_response_to_the_Wikimedia_Foundation%27s_ban_of_Fram/Official_statements#Board_statement|recent statement]], the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees [[:en:Wikipedia:Community_response_to_the_Wikimedia_Foundation%27s_ban_of_Fram/Official_statements#Board_statement|requested that staff hold a consultation]] to &quot;re-evaluat[e] or add community input to the two new office action policy tools (temporary and partial Foundation bans)&quot;.

Accordingly, the Foundation's Trust &amp; Safety team invites all Wikimedians [[:m:Office actions/Community consultation on partial and temporary office actions/09 2019|to join this consultation and give their feedback]] from 30 September to 30 October. 

How can you help?

* Suggest how partial and temporary Foundation bans should be used, if they should (eg: On all projects, or only on a subset);

* Give ideas about how partial and temporary Foundation bans should ideally implemented, if they should be; and/or

* Propose changes to the existing Office Actions policy on partial and temporary bans.

We offer our thanks in advance for your contributions, and we hope to get as much input as possible from community members during this consultation!

&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;-- [[user:Kbrown (WMF)|Kbrown (WMF)]] ۱۷:۱۴, ۳۰ سپټمبر ۲۰۱۹ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|ہ ن و]])
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== Feedback wanted on Desktop Improvements project ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
{{Int:Please-translate}}

{{int:Hello}}. The Readers Web team at the WMF will work on some [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements|improvements to the desktop interface]] over the next couple of years. The goal is to increase usability without removing any functionality. We have been inspired by changes made by volunteers, but that currently only exist as local gadgets and user scripts, prototypes, and volunteer-led skins. We would like to begin the process of bringing some of these changes into the default experience on all Wikimedia projects. 

We are currently in the research stage of this project and are looking for ideas for improvements, as well as feedback on our current ideas and mockups.  So far, we have performed interviews with community members at Wikimania. We have gathered lists of previous volunteer and WMF work in this area. We are examining possible technical approaches for such changes.  

We would like individual feedback on the following:

* Identifying focus areas for the project we have not yet discovered
* Expanding the list of existing gadgets and user scripts that are related to providing a better desktop experience. If you can think of some of these from your wiki, please let us know
* Feedback on the ideas and mockups we have collected so far

We would also like to gather a list of wikis that would be interested in being test wikis for this project - these wikis would be the first to receive the updates once we’re ready to start building. 

When giving feedback, please consider the following goals of the project:

* Make it easier for readers to focus on the content
* Provide easier access to everyday actions (e.g. search, language switching, editing)
* Put things in logical and useful places
* Increase consistency in the interface with other platforms - mobile web and the apps
* Eliminate clutter
* Plan for future growth

As well as the following constraints:

* Not touching the content - no work will be done in terms of styling templates or to the structure of page contents themselves
* Not removing any functionality - things might move around, but all navigational items and other functionality currently available by default will remain
* No drastic changes to the layout - we're taking an evolutionary approach to the changes and want the site to continue feeling familiar to readers and editors

Please give all feedback (in any language) at [[mw:Talk:Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements|mw:Talk:Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements]] 

After this round of feedback, we plan on building a prototype of suggested changes based on the feedback we receive. You’ll hear from us again asking for feedback on this prototype.

{{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} [[mw:User:Quiddity (WMF)|Quiddity (WMF)]] ([[mw:User talk:Quiddity (WMF)|talk]])
&lt;/div&gt; ۰۷:۱۸, ۱۶ اکتوبر ۲۰۱۹ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|ہ ن و]])
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== Beta feature &quot;Reference Previews&quot; ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt; 
A new beta feature will soon be deployed to your wiki: [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/ReferencePreviews|Reference Previews]]. As you might guess from the name, this feature gives you a preview of references in the article text. That means, you can look up a reference without jumping down to the bottom of the page.

Reference Previews have already been a beta feature on German and Arabic Wikipedia since April. Now they will become available on more wikis. Deployment is planned for October 24. More information can be found [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/ReferencePreviews|on the project page]].

As always, feedback is highly appreciated. If you want to test Reference Previews, please activate the beta feature in your [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|user preferences]] and let us know what you think. The best place for feedback is the [[mw:Help talk:Reference Previews|central talk page]]. We hope the feature will serve you well in your work. Thank you from Wikimedia Deutschland's [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes|Technical Wishes project]].
&lt;/div&gt; -- [[User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|Johanna Strodt (WMDE)]] ۰۹:۴۷, ۲۳ اکتوبر ۲۰۱۹ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|ہ ن و]])
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== Movement Learning and Leadership Development Project ==

Hello

The Wikimedia Foundation’s Community Development team is seeking to learn more about the way volunteers learn and develop into the many different roles that exist in the movement. Our goal is to build a movement informed framework that provides shared clarity and outlines accessible pathways on how to grow and develop skills within the movement. To this end, we are looking to speak with you, our community to learn about your journey as a Wikimedia volunteer. Whether you joined yesterday or have been here from the very start, we want to hear about the many ways volunteers join and contribute to our movement.

To learn more about the project, [[:m:special:MyLanguage/Movement Learning and Leadership Development Project|please visit the Meta page]]. If you are interested in participating in the project, please complete [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSegM07N1FK_s0VUECM61AlWOthwdn5zQOlVsa2vaKcx13BwZg/viewform?usp=sf_link this simple Google form]. Although we may not be able to speak to everyone who expresses interest, we encourage you to complete this short form if you are interested in participating!

-- [[user:LMiranda (WMF)|LMiranda (WMF)]] ([[user talk:LMiranda (WMF)|talk]]) ۱۹:۰۱, ۲۲ جنوري ۲۰۲۰ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|ہ ن و]])
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== Additional interface for edit conflicts on talk pages ==

''Sorry, for writing this text in English. If you could help to translate it, it would be appreciated.'' 

You might know the new interface for edit conflicts (currently a beta feature). Now, Wikimedia Germany is designing an additional interface to solve edit conflicts on talk pages. This interface is shown to you when you write on a discussion page and another person writes a discussion post in the same line and saves it before you do. With this additional editing conflict interface you can adjust the order of the comments and edit your comment.  We are inviting everyone to have a look at [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Edit Conflicts#Edit conflicts on talk pages|the planned feature]]. Let us know what you think on our [[mw:Help talk:Two Column Edit Conflict View|central feedback page]]! -- For the Technical Wishes Team: [[m:User:Max Klemm (WMDE)|Max Klemm (WMDE)]] ۱۴:۱۵, ۲۶ فبروري ۲۰۲۰ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|ہ ن و]])
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== Annual contest Wikipedia Pages Wanting Photos ==

[[File:WPWP logo 1.png|150px|right|Wikipedia Pages Wanting Photos (WPWP)]]
This is to invite you to join the Wikipedia Pages Wanting Photos (WPWP) campaign to help improve Wikipedia articles with photos and win prizes. The campaign starts today 1st July 2020 and closes 31st August 2020.

The campaign primarily aims at using images from Wikimedia Commons on Wikipedia articles that are lacking images. Participants will choose among Wikipedia pages without photo images, then add a suitable file from among the many thousands of photos in the Wikimedia Commons, especially those uploaded from thematic contests (Wiki Loves Africa, Wiki Loves Earth, Wiki Loves Folklore, etc.) over the years.

Please visit the '''[[m:Wikipedia Pages Wanting Photos|campaign page]]''' to learn more about the WPWP Campaign.

With kind regards,

Thank you,

Deborah Schwartz Jacobs, Communities Liaison, On behalf of the Wikipedia Pages Wanting Photos Organizing Team - ۰۸:۲۴, ۱ جولای ۲۰۲۰ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|ہ ن و]])

''feel free to translate this message to your local language when this helps your community''
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== Feedback on movement names ==

{{int:Hello}}. Apologies if you are not reading this message in your native language. {{int:please-translate}} if necessary. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}}

There are a lot of conversations happening about the future of our movement names. We hope that you are part of these discussions and that your community is represented.

Since 16 June, the Foundation Brand Team has been running a [https://wikimedia.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_9G2dN7P0T7gPqpD survey] in 7 languages about [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Communications/Wikimedia brands/2030 movement brand project/Naming convention proposals|3 naming options]]. There are also community members sharing concerns about renaming in a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community open letter on renaming|Community Open Letter]]. 

Our goal in this call for feedback is to hear from across the community, so we encourage you to participate in the survey, the open letter, or both. The survey will go through 7 July in all timezones. Input from the survey and discussions will be analyzed and published on Meta-Wiki.

Thanks for thinking about the future of the movement, --[[:m:Talk:Communications/Wikimedia brands/2030 movement brand project|The Brand Project team]], ۱۹:۴۲, ۲ جولای ۲۰۲۰ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|ہ ن و]])

''Note: The survey is conducted via a third-party service, which may subject it to additional terms. For more information on privacy and data-handling, see the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Naming Convention Proposals Movement Feedback Survey Privacy Statement|survey privacy statement]].''
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== Announcing a new wiki project! Welcome, Abstract Wikipedia ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;

Hi all,

It is my honor to introduce Abstract Wikipedia, a new project that has been unanimously approved by the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees. Abstract Wikipedia proposes a new way to generate baseline encyclopedic content in a multilingual fashion, allowing more contributors and more readers to share more knowledge in more languages. It is an approach that aims to make cross-lingual cooperation easier on our projects, increase the sustainability of our movement through expanding access to participation, improve the user experience for readers of all languages, and innovate in free knowledge by connecting some of the strengths of our movement to create something new.

This is our first new project in over seven years. Abstract Wikipedia was submitted as a project proposal by Denny Vrandečić in May 2020 &lt;ref&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia|Abstract Wikipedia]]&lt;/ref&gt; after years of preparation and research, leading to a detailed plan and lively discussions in the Wikimedia communities. We know that the energy and the creativity of the community often runs up against language barriers, and information that is available in one language may not make it to other language Wikipedias. Abstract Wikipedia intends to look and feel like a Wikipedia, but build on the powerful, language-independent conceptual models of Wikidata, with the goal of letting volunteers create and maintain Wikipedia articles across our polyglot Wikimedia world.

The project will allow volunteers to assemble the fundamentals of an article using words and entities from Wikidata. Because Wikidata uses conceptual models that are meant to be universal across languages, it should be possible to use and extend these building blocks of knowledge to create models for articles that also have universal value. Using code, volunteers will be able to translate these abstract “articles” into their own languages. If successful, this could eventually allow everyone to read about any topic in Wikidata in their own language.

As you can imagine, this work will require a lot of software development, and a lot of cooperation among Wikimedians. In order to make this effort possible, Denny will join the Foundation as a staff member in July and lead this initiative. You may know Denny as the creator of Wikidata, a long-time community member, a former staff member at Wikimedia Deutschland, and a former Trustee at the Wikimedia Foundation &lt;ref&gt;[[m:User:Denny|User:Denny]]&lt;/ref&gt;. We are very excited that Denny will bring his skills and expertise to work on this project alongside the Foundation’s product, technology, and community liaison teams.

It is important to acknowledge that this is an experimental project, and that every Wikipedia community has different needs. This project may offer some communities great advantages. Other communities may engage less. Every language Wikipedia community will be free to choose and moderate whether or how they would use content from this project.

We are excited that this new wiki-project has the possibility to advance knowledge equity through increased access to knowledge. It also invites us to consider and engage with critical questions about how and by whom knowledge is constructed. We look forward to working in cooperation with the communities to think through these important questions.

There is much to do as we begin designing a plan for Abstract Wikipedia in close collaboration with our communities. I encourage you to get involved by going to the project page and joining the new mailing list &lt;ref&gt;[[mail:abstract-wikipedia|Abstract Wikipedia mailing list]]&lt;/ref&gt;. We recognize that Abstract Wikipedia is ambitious, but we also recognize its potential. We invite you all to join us on a new, unexplored path.

Yours,

Katherine Maher (Executive Director, Wikimedia Foundation) 

&lt;references/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt; &lt;small&gt;Sent by [[:m:User:Elitre (WMF)]] ۲۰:۱۰, ۹ جولای ۲۰۲۰ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|ہ ن و]]) - '''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/July 2020 announcement]]''' &lt;/small&gt;
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== The Universal Code of Conduct (UCoC): we want to hear from you. ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;

''{{int:Hello}}. Apologies that you may not be reading this message in your native language: translations of the following message may be available on [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Message to small and medium sized wikis|Meta]]. {{int:please-translate}}. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}}''&lt;br&gt;

At times, our contributor communities and projects have suffered from a lack of guidelines that can help us create an environment where free knowledge can be shared safely without fear. 
There has been talk about the need for a global set of conduct rules in different communities over time. 

Recently, the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees announced a [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Board_noticeboard/May_2020_-_Board_of_Trustees_on_Healthy_Community_Culture,_Inclusivity,_and_Safe_Spaces|Community Culture Statement]], asking for new standards to address harassment and promote inclusivity across projects.

The universal code of conduct will be a binding minimum set of standards across all Wikimedia projects, and will apply to all of us, staff and volunteers alike, all around the globe. It is of great importance that we all participate in expressing our opinions and thoughts about UCoC and its values. We should think about what we want it to cover or include and what it shouldn’t include, and how it may create difficulties or help our groups. 

This is the time to talk about it. Before starting drafting the code of conduct, we would like to hear from you and to solicit the opinions and feedback of your colleagues. 
In order for your voice to be heard, we encourage and invite you to read more about [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct|the universal code of conduct (UCoC)]] and then write down your opinions or feedback [[:m:Talk:Universal_Code_of_Conduct|on the discussion page]].  

To reduce language barriers during the process, you are welcome to translate [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-Universal+Code+of+Conduct&amp;language=en&amp;action=page&amp;filter= the universal code of conduct main page] from English into your respective local language. You and your community may choose to provide your opinions/feedback using your local languages. 

Thanks in advance for your attention and contributions, [[:m:Talk:Trust_and_Safety|The Trust and Safety team at Wikimedia Foundation]] ۱۶:۴۲, ۲۲ جولای ۲۰۲۰ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|ہ ن و]])

&lt;/div&gt;
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== Technical Wishes: FileExporter and FileImporter become default features on all Wikis ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
The [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Move_files_to_Commons|FileExporter and FileImporter]] will become a default features on all wikis until August 7, 2020. They are planned to help you to move files from your local wiki to Wikimedia Commons easier while keeping all original file information (Description, Source, Date, Author, View History) intact. Additionally, the move is documented in the files view history. 
How does it work? 

Step 1: If you are an auto-confirmed user, you will see a link &quot;Move file to Wikimedia Commons&quot; on the local file page. 

Step 2: When you click on this link, the FileImporter checks if the file can in fact be moved to Wikimedia Commons. These checks are performed based on the wiki's [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Move_files_to_Commons/Configuration_file_documentation|configuration file]] which is created and maintained by each local wiki community. 

Step 3: If the file is compatible with Wikimedia Commons, you will be taken to an import page, at which you can update or add information regarding the file, such as the description. You can also add the 'Now Commons' template to the file on the local wiki by clicking the corresponding check box in the import form. Admins can delete the file from the local wiki by enabling the corresponding checkbox. By clicking on the 'Import' button at the end of the page, the file is imported to Wikimedia Commons. 

If you want to know more about the [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Move_files_to_Commons|FileImporter extension]] or the [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes|Technical Wishes Project]], follow the links. --For the Technical Wishes Team: &lt;/div&gt;[[User:Max Klemm (WMDE)|Max Klemm (WMDE)]] ۰۹:۱۴, ۶ اگسټ ۲۰۲۰ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|ہ ن و]])
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== Important: maintenance operation on September 1st ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;

[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch 2020|Read this message in another language]]  •  [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch 2020|{{int:please-translate}}]]

The [[foundation:|Wikimedia Foundation]] will be testing its secondary data centre.  This will make sure that Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia wikis can stay online even after a disaster. To make sure everything is working, the Wikimedia Technology department needs to do a planned test. This test will show if they can reliably switch from one data centre to the other. It requires many teams to prepare for the test and to be available to fix any unexpected problems. 

They will switch all traffic to the secondary data centre on '''Tuesday, September 1st 2020'''.

Unfortunately, because of some limitations in [[mw:Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], all editing must stop while the switch is made.  We apologize for this disruption, and we are working to minimize it in the future. 

'''You will be able to read, but not edit, all wikis for a short period of time.'''

*You will not be able to edit for up to an hour on Tuesday, September 1st. The test will start at [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20200901T14 14:00 UTC] (15:00 BST, 16:00 CEST, 10:00 EDT, 19:30 IST, 07:00 PDT, 23:00 JST, and in New Zealand at 02:00 NZST on Wednesday September 2).
*If you try to edit or save during these times, you will see an error message.  We hope that no edits will be lost during these minutes, but we can't guarantee it.  If you see the error message, then please wait until everything is back to normal.  Then you should be able to save your edit.  But, we recommend that you make a copy of your changes first, just in case.

''Other effects'':

*Background jobs will be slower and some may be dropped. Red links might not be updated as quickly as normal. If you create an article that is already linked somewhere else, the link will stay red longer than usual. Some long-running scripts will have to be stopped.
*There will be code freezes for the week of September 1st, 2020.  Non-essential code deployments will not happen.

This project may be postponed if necessary.  You can [[wikitech:Switch Datacenter#Schedule for 2018 switch|read the schedule at wikitech.wikimedia.org]]. Any changes will be announced in the schedule.  There will be more notifications about this.  '''Please share this information with your community.''' 
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;span dir=ltr&gt;[[m:User:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Trizek (WMF)|talk]])&lt;/span&gt; ۱۳:۴۸, ۲۶ اگسټ ۲۰۲۰ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|ہ ن و]])
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== New Wikipedia Library Collections Now Available (September 2020) ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;


Hello Wikimedians! 
[[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|upright|The TWL owl says sign up today!]]
[[m:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] is announcing new free, full-access, accounts to reliable sources as part of our [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/ research access program]. You can sign up for new accounts and research materials on the [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/ Library Card platform]: 
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/101/ Al Manhal]''' – Arabic journals and ebooks
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/102/ Ancestry.com]''' – Genealogical and historical records
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/100/ RILM]''' – Music encyclopedias

Many other partnerships are listed on [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/ our partners page], including [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/49/ Adam Matthew], [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/57/ EBSCO], [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/55/ Gale] and [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/54/ JSTOR].

A significant portion of our collection now no longer requires individual applications to access! Read more in our [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2020/06/24/simplifying-your-research-needs-the-wikipedia-library-launches-new-technical-improvements-and-partnerships/ recent blog post].

Do better research and help expand the use of high quality references across Wikipedia projects!
&lt;br&gt;--[[w:en:Wikipedia:TWL/Coordinators|The Wikipedia Library Team]] ۰۹:۴۹, ۳ سپټمبر ۲۰۲۰ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|ہ ن و]])

:&lt;small&gt;This message was delivered via the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/MassMessage#Global_message_delivery Global Mass Message] tool to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List].&lt;/small&gt;
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== Invitation to participate in the conversation ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
''{{int:Hello}}. Apologies for cross-posting, and that you may not be reading this message in your native language: translations of the following announcement may be available on '''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Draft review/Invitation (long version)|Meta]]'''. {{int:please-translate}}. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}}''

We are excited to share '''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Draft review|a draft of the Universal Code of Conduct]]''', which the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees called for earlier this year, for your review and feedback. The discussion will be open until October 6, 2020.

The UCoC Drafting Committee wants to learn which parts of the draft would present challenges for you or your work. What is missing from this draft? What do you like, and what could be improved?

Please join the conversation and share this invitation with others who may be interested to join, too. 

To reduce language barriers during the process, you are welcomed to translate this message and the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Draft review|Universal Code of Conduct/Draft review]]. You and your community may choose to provide your opinions/feedback using your local languages.

To learn more about the UCoC project, see the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] page, and the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/FAQ|FAQ]], on Meta.

Thanks in advance for your attention and contributions, [[:m:Talk:Trust_and_Safety|The Trust and Safety team at Wikimedia Foundation]], ۱۷:۵۵, ۱۰ سپټمبر ۲۰۲۰ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|ہ ن و]]) &lt;/div&gt;
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== Wiki of functions naming contest ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
{{int:Please-translate}}

{{int:Hello}}. Please help pick a name for the new Wikimedia wiki project. This project will be a wiki where the community can work together on a library of [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract_Wikipedia/Wiki_of_functions_naming_contest#function|functions]]. The community can create new functions, read about them, discuss them, and share them. Some of these functions will be used to help create language-independent Wikipedia articles that can be displayed in any language, as part of the Abstract Wikipedia project. But functions will also be usable in many other situations.

There will be two rounds of voting, each followed by legal review of candidates, with voting beginning on 29 September and 27 October. Our goal is to have a final project name selected on 8 December. If you would like to participate, then '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Wiki of functions naming contest|please learn more and vote now]]''' at meta-wiki. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} --[[m:User:Quiddity (WMF)|Quiddity (WMF)]]&lt;/div&gt; ۲۱:۲۲, ۲۹ سپټمبر ۲۰۲۰ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|ہ ن و]])
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== Call for feedback about Wikimedia Foundation Bylaws changes and Board candidate rubric ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
{{int:Hello}}. Apologies if you are not reading this message in your native language. {{Int:Please-translate}}.

Today the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees starts two calls for feedback. One is about changes to the Bylaws mainly to increase the Board size from 10 to 16 members. The other one is about a trustee candidate rubric to introduce new, more effective ways to evaluate new Board candidates. The Board welcomes your comments through 26 October. For more details, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board noticeboard/October 2020 - Call for feedback about Bylaws changes and Board candidate rubric|check the full announcement]].

{{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} [[m:User:Qgil-WMF|Qgil-WMF]] ([[m:User talk:Qgil-WMF|talk]]) ۱۷:۱۷, ۷ اکتوبر ۲۰۲۰ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|ہ ن و]])
&lt;/div&gt;
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== Important: maintenance operation on October 27 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;

[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch 2020|Read this message in another language]]  •  [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-Tech%2FServer+switch+2020&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]

The [[foundation:|Wikimedia Foundation]] tests the switch between its first and secondary data centers.  This will make sure that Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia wikis can stay online even after a disaster. To make sure everything is working, the Wikimedia Technology department needs to do a planned test. This test will show if they can reliably switch from one data centre to the other. It requires many teams to prepare for the test and to be available to fix any unexpected problems. 

They will switch all traffic back to the primary data center on '''Tuesday, October 27 2020'''.

Unfortunately, because of some limitations in [[mw:Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], all editing must stop while the switch is made.  We apologize for this disruption, and we are working to minimize it in the future. 

'''You will be able to read, but not edit, all wikis for a short period of time.'''

*You will not be able to edit for up to an hour on Tuesday, October 27. The test will start at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1603807200 14:00 UTC] (14:00 WET, 15:00 CET, 10:00 EDT, 19:30 IST, 07:00 PDT, 23:00 JST, and in New Zealand at 03:00 NZDT on Wednesday October 28).
*If you try to edit or save during these times, you will see an error message.  We hope that no edits will be lost during these minutes, but we can't guarantee it.  If you see the error message, then please wait until everything is back to normal.  Then you should be able to save your edit.  But, we recommend that you make a copy of your changes first, just in case.

''Other effects'':

*Background jobs will be slower and some may be dropped. Red links might not be updated as quickly as normal. If you create an article that is already linked somewhere else, the link will stay red longer than usual. Some long-running scripts will have to be stopped.
*There will be code freezes for the week of October 26, 2020.  Non-essential code deployments will not happen.

This project may be postponed if necessary.  You can [[wikitech:Switch_Datacenter#Schedule_for_2020_switch|read the schedule at wikitech.wikimedia.org]]. Any changes will be announced in the schedule.  There will be more notifications about this. A banner will be displayed on all wikis 30 minutes before this operation happens. '''Please share this information with your community.'''&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; -- &lt;span dir=ltr&gt;[[m:User:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Trizek (WMF)|talk]])&lt;/span&gt;  ۱۷:۱۱, ۲۱ اکتوبر ۲۰۲۰ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|ہ ن و]])
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== Wiki of functions naming contest - Round 2 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
{{int:Hello}}.
Reminder: Please help to choose the name for the new Wikimedia wiki project - the library of functions. The finalist vote starts today. The finalists for the name are: &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Wikicode, Wikicodex, Wikifunctions, Wikifusion, Wikilambda, Wikimedia Functions&lt;/span&gt;. If you would like to participate, then '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Wiki of functions naming contest/Names|please learn more and vote now]]''' at Meta-wiki.
{{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} --[[m:User:Quiddity (WMF)|Quiddity (WMF)]]
&lt;/div&gt; ۲۲:۱۰, ۵ نومبر ۲۰۲۰ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|ہ ن و]])
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== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2021/Invitation|Community Wishlist Survey 2021]] ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
[[File:Magic Wand Icon 229981 Color Flipped.svg|thumb|48px]]
The '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2021|2021 Community Wishlist Survey]]''' is now open!
This survey is the process where communities decide what the [[m:Community Tech|Community Tech]] team should work on over the next year. We encourage everyone to submit proposals until the deadline on '''{{#time:j xg|2020-11-30|{{PAGELANGUAGE}}}}''', or comment on other proposals to help make them better.
The communities will vote on the proposals between {{#time:j xg|2020-12-08|{{PAGELANGUAGE}}}} and {{#time:j xg|2020-12-21|{{PAGELANGUAGE}}}}.

The Community Tech team is focused on tools for experienced Wikimedia editors.
You can write proposals in any language, and we will translate them for you. Thank you, and we look forward to seeing your proposals!
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;[[m:user:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]]&lt;/span&gt;

۱۸:۰۹, ۲۰ نومبر ۲۰۲۰ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|ہ ن و]])
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== Wikidata descriptions changes to be included more often in Recent Changes and Watchlist ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
''Sorry for sending this message in English. Translations are available on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Announcements/Announcement Wikidata descriptions in watchlist|this page]]. Feel free to translate it in more languages!''

As you may know, you can include changes coming from Wikidata in your Watchlist and Recent Changes ([[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-watchlist|in your preferences]]). Until now, this feature didn’t always include changes made on Wikidata descriptions due to the way Wikidata tracks the data used in a given article.

Starting on December 3rd, the Watchlist and Recent Changes will include changes on the descriptions of Wikidata Items that are used in the pages that you watch. This will only include descriptions in the language of your wiki to make sure that you’re only seeing changes that are relevant to your wiki.

This improvement was requested by many users from different projects. We hope that it can help you monitor the changes on Wikidata descriptions that affect your wiki and participate in the effort of improving the data quality on Wikidata for all Wikimedia wikis and beyond.

Note: if you didn’t use the Wikidata watchlist integration feature for a long time, feel free to give it another chance! The feature has been improved since the beginning and the content it displays is more precise and useful than at the beginning of the feature in 2015.

If you encounter any issue or want to provide feedback, feel free to use [[Phab:T191831|this Phabricator ticket]]. Thanks!

[[:d:User:Lea Lacroix (WMDE)|Lea Lacroix (WMDE)]] ۱۴:۳۹, ۳۰ نومبر ۲۰۲۰ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|ہ ن و]])
&lt;/div&gt;
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== 2020 Coolest Tool Award Ceremony on December 11th ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
Hello all,

The ceremony of the 2020 [[m:Coolest_Tool_Award|Wikimedia Coolest Tool Award]] will take place virtually on Friday, December 11th, at 17:00 GMT. This award is highlighting tools that have been nominated by contributors to the Wikimedia projects, and the ceremony will be a nice moment to show appreciation to the tools developers and maybe discover new tools!

You will find more information [[m:Coolest_Tool_Award|here]] about the livestream and the discussions channels. Thanks for your attention, [[:d:User:Lea Lacroix (WMDE)|Lea Lacroix (WMDE)]] ۱۰:۵۵, ۷ ډيسمبر ۲۰۲۰ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|ہ ن و]])
&lt;/div&gt;
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== Community Wishlist Survey 2021 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
[[File:Magic Wand Icon 229981 Color Flipped.svg|thumb|48px]]
'''We invite all registered users to vote on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2021|2021 Community Wishlist Survey]]. You can vote from now until {{#time:j xg|2020-12-21|en}} for as many different wishes as you want.'''

In the Survey, wishes for new and improved tools for experienced editors are collected. After the voting, we will do our best to grant your wishes. We will start with the most popular ones.

We, the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Tech|Community Tech]], are one of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation|Wikimedia Foundation]] teams. We create and improve editing and wiki moderation tools. What we work on is decided based on results of the Community Wishlist Survey. Once a year, you can submit wishes. After two weeks, you can vote on the ones that you're most interested in. Next, we choose wishes from the survey to work on. Some of the wishes may be granted by volunteer developers or other teams.

'''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2021/Tracking|You can view and vote all proposals here.]]'''

We are waiting for your votes. Thank you!
&lt;/div&gt;
[[user:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]]

۰۰:۵۲, ۱۵ ډيسمبر ۲۰۲۰ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|ہ ن و]])
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== Moving Wikimania 2021 to a Virtual Event ==

&lt;div class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
[[File:Wikimania_logo_with_text_2.svg|right|alt=Wikimania's logo.|75px]]

''{{int:Hello}}. Apologies if you are not reading this message in your native language. {{Int:Please-translate}}. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}}''

[[:m:Wikimania 2021|Wikimania will be a virtual event this year]], and hosted by a wide group of community members. Whenever the next in-person large gathering is possible again, [[:m:ESEAP Hub|the ESEAP Core Organizing Team]] will be in charge of it. Stay tuned for more information about how ''you'' can get involved in the planning
process and other aspects of the event. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikimedia-l/2021-January/096141.html Please read the longer version of this announcement on wikimedia-l]. 

''ESEAP Core Organizing Team, Wikimania Steering Committee, Wikimedia Foundation Events Team'', ۱۵:۱۶, ۲۷ جنوري ۲۰۲۱ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|ہ ن و]]) 
&lt;/div&gt;
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== Project Grant Open Call ==

This is the announcement for the [[m:Grants:Project|Project Grants program]] open call that started on January 11, with the submission deadline of February 10, 2021.&lt;br&gt; This first open call will be focussed on Community Organizing proposals. A second open call focused on research and software proposals is scheduled from February 15 with a submission deadline of March 16, 2021.&lt;br&gt;

For the Round 1 open call, we invite you to propose grant applications that fall under community development and organizing (offline and online) categories. Project Grant funds are available to support individuals, groups, and organizations to implement new experiments and proven ideas, from organizing a better process on your wiki, coordinating a campaign or editathon series to providing other support for community building.  We offer the following resources to help you plan your project and complete a grant proposal:&lt;br&gt;

* Weekly proposals clinics via Zoom during the Open Call. Join us for [[m:Grants:Project|#Upcoming_Proposal_Clinics|real-time discussions]] with Program Officers and select thematic experts and get live feedback about your Project Grants proposal. We’ll answer questions and help you make your proposal better. We also offer these support pages to help you build your proposal:
* [[m:Grants:Project/Tutorial|Video tutorials]] for writing a strong application&lt;br&gt;
* General [[m:Grants:Project/Plan|planning page]] for Project Grants &lt;br&gt;
* [[m:Grants:Project/Learn|Program guidelines and criteria]]&lt;br&gt;

Program officers are also available to offer individualized proposal support upon request. Contact us if you would like feedback or more information.&lt;br&gt;

We are excited to see your grant ideas that will support our community and make an impact on the future of Wikimedia projects. Put your idea into motion, and [[m:Grants:Project/Apply|submit your proposal]] by February 10, 2021!&lt;br&gt;

Please feel free to get in touch with questions about getting started with your grant application, or about serving on the Project Grants Committee. Contact us at projectgrants{{at}}wikimedia.org. Please help us translate this message to your local language. [[کارن:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[د کارن خبرې اترې:MediaWiki message delivery|خبرې اترې]]) ۰۸:۰۱, ۲۸ جنوري ۲۰۲۱ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|ہ ن و]])
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:RSharma (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=20808431 --&gt;

== New Wikipedia Library Collections Available Now (February 2021) ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;

Hello Wikimedians! 
[[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|upright|The TWL owl says sign up today!]]
[[m:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] is announcing new free, full-access, accounts to reliable sources as part of our [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/ research access program]. You can sign up to access research materials on the [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/ Library Card platform]: 
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/103/ Taxmann]''' – Taxation and law database
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/104/ PNAS]''' – Official journal of the National Academy of Sciences
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/57/ EBSCO]''' – New Arabic and Spanish language databases added

We have a wide array of [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/ other collections available], and a significant number now no longer require individual applications to access! Read more in our [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2020/06/24/simplifying-your-research-needs-the-wikipedia-library-launches-new-technical-improvements-and-partnerships/ blog post].

Do better research and help expand the use of high quality references across Wikipedia projects!

:&lt;small&gt;This message was delivered via the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/MassMessage#Global_message_delivery Global Mass Message] tool to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List].&lt;/small&gt;
--۱۲:۵۷, ۱ فبروري ۲۰۲۱ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|ہ ن و]])
&lt;/div&gt;
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== Feminism &amp; Folklore 1 February - 31 March ==

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{{int:please-translate}}

Greetings! 

You are invited to participate in '''[[m:Feminism and Folklore 2021|Feminism and Folklore]] writing contest'''. This year Feminism and Folklore will focus on feminism, women's biographies and gender-focused topics for the project in league with Wiki Loves Folklore gender gap focus with folk culture theme on Wikipedia. folk activities, folk games, folk cuisine, folk wear, fairy tales, folk plays, folk arts, folk religion, mythology, etc.

You can help us in enriching the folklore documentation on Wikipedia from your region by creating or improving articles centered on folklore around the world, including, but not limited to folk festivals, folk dances, folk music, women and queer personalities in folklore, folk culture (folk artists, folk dancers, folk singers, folk musicians, folk game athletes, women in mythology, women warriors in folklore, witches and witch-hunting, fairy tales and more. You can contribute to new articles or translate from the list of [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2021/List of Articles|suggested articles here]]. 

You can also support us in translating the [[m:Feminism and Folklore 2021|project page]] and help us spread the word in your native language. 

Learn more about the contest and prizes from our [[m:Feminism and Folklore 2021|project page]]. Thank you. 

Feminism and Folklore team,

[[m:User:Joy Agyepong|Joy Agyepong]] ([[m:User talk:Joy Agyepong|talk]]) ۰۲:۴۰, ۱۶ فبروري ۲۰۲۱ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|ہ ن و]])

&lt;/div&gt;
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== Wikifunctions logo contest ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
{{Int:Hello}}. Please help to choose a design concept for the logo of the new Wikifunctions wiki. Voting starts today and will be open for 2 weeks. If you would like to participate, then '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Wikifunctions logo concept/Vote|please learn more and vote now]]''' at Meta-Wiki. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} --[[m:User:Quiddity (WMF)|Quiddity (WMF)]]&lt;/div&gt; ۰۱:۴۷, ۲ مارچ ۲۰۲۱ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|ہ ن و]])
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== Universal Code of Conduct – 2021 consultations ==

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=== Universal Code of Conduct Phase 2 ===

{{int:please-translate}}

The [[:wmf:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct|'''Universal Code of Conduct (UCoC)''']] provides a universal baseline of acceptable behavior for the entire Wikimedia movement and all its projects. The project is currently in Phase 2, outlining clear enforcement pathways. You can read more about the whole project on its [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct|'''project page''']].

==== Drafting Committee: Call for applications ====

The Wikimedia Foundation is recruiting volunteers to join a committee to draft how to make the code enforceable. Volunteers on the committee will commit between 2 and 6 hours per week from late April through July and again in October and November. It is important that the committee be diverse and inclusive, and have a range of experiences, including both experienced users and newcomers, and those who have received or responded to, as well as those who have been falsely accused of harassment.

To apply and learn more about the process, see [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Drafting committee|Universal Code of Conduct/Drafting committee]].

==== 2021 community consultations: Notice and call for volunteers / translators ====

From 5 April – 5 May 2021 there will be conversations on many Wikimedia projects about how to enforce the UCoC. We are looking for volunteers to translate key material, as well as to help host consultations on their own languages or projects using suggested [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/2021 consultations/Discussion|key questions]]. If you are interested in volunteering for either of these roles, please [[:m:Talk:Universal Code of Conduct/2021 consultations|contact us]] in whatever language you are most comfortable.

To learn more about this work and other conversations taking place, see [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/2021 consultations|Universal Code of Conduct/2021 consultations]].

-- [[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Xeno (WMF)|talk]]) ۲۲:۰۶, ۵ اپرېل ۲۰۲۱ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|‌‌‌‌'''نړیوال ‌وخت''']])
&lt;/div&gt;
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== Line numbering coming soon to all wikis ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;  

[[File:Technical_Wishes_–_Line_numbering_-_2010_wikitext_editor.png|thumb|Example]]
From April 15, you can enable line numbering in some wikitext editors - for now in the template namespace, coming to more namespaces soon. This will make it easier to detect line breaks and to refer to a particular line in discussions. These numbers will be shown if you enable the syntax highlighting feature ([[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror extension]]), which is supported in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:WikiEditor|2010]] and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/2017 wikitext editor|2017]] wikitext editors. 

More information can be found on [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Line Numbering|this project page]]. Everyone is invited to test the feature, and to give feedback [[m:talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Line Numbering|on this talk page]].
&lt;/div&gt; -- [[m:User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|Johanna Strodt (WMDE)]] ۱۵:۰۹, ۱۲ اپرېل ۲۰۲۱ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|‌‌‌‌'''نړیوال ‌وخت''']])
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== Suggested Values ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;  

From April 29, it will be possible to suggest values for parameters in templates. Suggested values can be added to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:TemplateData|TemplateData]] and will then be shown as a drop-down list in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User guide|VisualEditor]]. This allows template users to quickly select an appropriate value. This way, it prevents potential errors and reduces the effort needed to fill the template with values. It will still be possible to fill in values other than the suggested ones.

More information, including the supported parameter types and how to create suggested values: [[mw:Help:TemplateData#suggestedvalues|[1]]] [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Suggested_values_for_template_parameters|[2]]]. Everyone is invited to test the feature, and to give feedback [[m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Suggested values for template parameters|on this talk page]].

&lt;/div&gt; [[m:User:Timur Vorkul (WMDE)|Timur Vorkul (WMDE)]] ۱۴:۰۸, ۲۲ اپرېل ۲۰۲۱ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|‌‌‌‌'''نړیوال ‌وخت''']])
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== Universal Code of Conduct News – Issue 1 ==

&lt;div style = &quot;line-height: 1.2&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:200%;&quot;&gt;'''Universal Code of Conduct News'''&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:120%; color:#404040;&quot;&gt;'''Issue 1, June 2021'''&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:120%; float:right;&quot;&gt;[[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Newsletter/1|Read the full newsletter]]&lt;/span&gt;
----
Welcome to the first issue of [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct News]]! This newsletter will help Wikimedians stay involved with the development of the new code, and will distribute relevant news, research, and upcoming events related to the UCoC.

Please note, this is the first issue of UCoC Newsletter which is delivered to all subscribers and projects as an announcement of the initiative. If you want the future issues delivered to your talk page, village pumps, or any specific pages you find appropriate, you need to [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/UCoC Newsletter Subscription|subscribe here]].

You can help us by translating the newsletter issues in your languages to spread the news and create awareness of the new conduct to keep our beloved community safe for all of us. Please [[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Newsletter/Participate|add your name here]] if you want to be informed of the draft issue to translate beforehand. Your participation is valued and appreciated.
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:3px; padding:10px 10px 10px 20px; background:#fffff; border:2px solid #808080; border-radius:4px; font-size:100%;&quot;&gt;
* '''Affiliate consultations''' – Wikimedia affiliates of all sizes and types were invited to participate in the UCoC affiliate consultation throughout March and April 2021. ([[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Newsletter/1#sec1|continue reading]])
* '''2021 key consultations''' – The Wikimedia Foundation held enforcement key questions consultations in April and May 2021 to request input about UCoC enforcement from the broader Wikimedia community. ([[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Newsletter/1#sec2|continue reading]])
* '''Roundtable discussions''' – The UCoC facilitation team hosted two 90-minute-long public roundtable discussions in May 2021 to discuss UCoC key enforcement questions. More conversations are scheduled. ([[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Newsletter/1#sec3|continue reading]])
* '''Phase 2 drafting committee''' – The drafting committee for the phase 2 of the UCoC started their work on 12 May 2021. Read more about their work. ([[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Newsletter/1#sec4|continue reading]])
* '''Diff blogs''' – The UCoC facilitators wrote several blog posts based on interesting findings and insights from each community during local project consultation that took place in the 1st quarter of 2021. ([[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Newsletter/1#sec5|continue reading]])&lt;/div&gt;
--[[کارن:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[د کارن خبرې اترې:MediaWiki message delivery|خبرې اترې]]) ۲۳:۰۶, ۱۱ جون ۲۰۲۱ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|‌‌‌‌'''نړیوال ‌وخت''']])
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:SOyeyele (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:SOyeyele_(WMF)/Announcements/Other_languages&amp;oldid=21578291 --&gt;

== Server switch ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;

[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch 2020|Read this message in another language]]  •  [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-Tech%2FServer+switch+2020&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]

The [[foundation:|Wikimedia Foundation]] tests the switch between its first and secondary data centers.  This will make sure that Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia wikis can stay online even after a disaster. To make sure everything is working, the Wikimedia Technology department needs to do a planned test. This test will show if they can reliably switch from one data centre to the other. It requires many teams to prepare for the test and to be available to fix any unexpected problems. &lt;!--

 They will switch all traffic back to the primary data center on '''Tuesday, October 27 2020'''. --&gt;

Unfortunately, because of some limitations in [[mw:Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], all editing must stop while the switch is made.  We apologize for this disruption, and we are working to minimize it in the future. 

'''You will be able to read, but not edit, all wikis for a short period of time.'''

*You will not be able to edit for up to an hour on Tuesday, 29 June 2021. The test will start at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1624975200 14:00 UTC] (07:00 PDT, 10:00 EDT, 15:00 WEST/BST, 16:00 CEST, 19:30 IST,  23:00 JST, and in New Zealand at 02:00 NZST on Wednesday 30 June).
*If you try to edit or save during these times, you will see an error message.  We hope that no edits will be lost during these minutes, but we can't guarantee it.  If you see the error message, then please wait until everything is back to normal.  Then you should be able to save your edit.  But, we recommend that you make a copy of your changes first, just in case.

''Other effects'':

*Background jobs will be slower and some may be dropped. Red links might not be updated as quickly as normal. If you create an article that is already linked somewhere else, the link will stay red longer than usual. Some long-running scripts will have to be stopped.
*There will be code freezes for the week of June 28.  Non-essential code deployments will not happen.

This project may be postponed if necessary.  You can [[wikitech:Switch_Datacenter#Schedule_for_2021_switch|read the schedule at wikitech.wikimedia.org]]. Any changes will be announced in the schedule.  There will be more notifications about this. A banner will be displayed on all wikis 30 minutes before this operation happens. '''Please share this information with your community.'''&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; [[user:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] ۰۱:۱۹, ۲۷ جون ۲۰۲۱ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|‌‌‌‌'''نړیوال ‌وخت''']])
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== New Wikipedia Library collections and design update (August 2021) ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;

Hello Wikimedians! 
[[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|upright|The TWL OWL says log in today!]]
[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/users/my_library/ The Wikipedia Library] is pleased to announce the addition of new collections, alongside a new interface design. New collections include:
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/107/ Cabells]''' – Scholarly and predatory journal database
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/108/ Taaghche]''' -  Persian language e-books
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/112/ Merkur]''', '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/111/ Musik &amp; Ästhetik]''', and '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/110/ Psychologie, Psychotherapie, Psychoanalyse]''' - German language magazines and journals published by Klett-Cotta
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/117/ Art Archiv]''', '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/113/ Capital]''', '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/115/ Geo]''', '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/116/ Geo Epoche]''', and '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/114/ Stern]''' - German language newspapers and magazines published by Gruner + Jahr

Additionally, '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/105/ De Gruyter]''' and '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/106/ Nomos]''' have been centralised from their previous on-wiki signup location on the German Wikipedia. Many other collections are freely available by simply logging in to [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/ The Wikipedia Library] with your Wikimedia login!

We are also excited to announce that the first version of a new design for My Library was deployed this week. We will be iterating on this design with more features over the coming weeks. Read more on the [[:m:Library Card platform/Design improvements|project page on Meta]].

Lastly, an Echo notification will begin rolling out soon to notify eligible editors about the library ([[Phab:T132084|T132084]]). If you can translate the notification please do so [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=ext-thewikipedialibrary at TranslateWiki]!

--The Wikipedia Library Team ۱۳:۲۳, ۱۱ اگسټ ۲۰۲۱ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|‌‌‌‌'''نړیوال ‌وخت''']])

:&lt;small&gt;This message was delivered via the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/MassMessage#Global_message_delivery Global Mass Message] tool to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List].&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
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== Universal Code of Conduct - Enforcement draft guidelines review ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;content&quot;/&gt;The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Drafting_committee#Phase_2|Universal Code of Conduct Phase 2 drafting committee]] would like comments about the '''[[:m:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement draft guidelines review|enforcement draft guidelines]]''' for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] (UCoC). This review period is planned for 17 August 2021 through 17 October 2021.

These guidelines are not final but you can help move the progress forward. The committee will revise the guidelines based upon community input.

Comments can be shared in any language on the [[m:Talk:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement draft guidelines review|draft review talk page]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Discussions|multiple other venues]]. Community members are encouraged to organize conversations in their communities.

There are planned live discussions about the UCoC enforcement draft guidelines: 

:[[wmania:2021:Submissions/Universal_Code_of_Conduct_Roundtable|Wikimania 2021 session]] (recorded 16 August)
:[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/2021_consultations/Roundtable_discussions#Conversation hours|Conversation hours]] - 24 August, 31 August, 7 September @ 03:00 UTC &amp; 14:00 UTC
:[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/2021_consultations/Roundtable_discussions|Roundtable calls]] - 18 September @ 03:00 UTC &amp; 15:00 UTC

Summaries of discussions will be posted every two weeks [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Drafting committee/Digests|here]].

Please let me know if you have any questions.&lt;section end=&quot;content&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] ۲۳:۱۹, ۱۷ اگسټ ۲۰۲۱ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|‌‌‌‌'''نړیوال ‌وخت''']])
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Xeno (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Xeno_(WMF)/Delivery/Wikipedia&amp;oldid=21895766 --&gt;

== Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees election has come to an end ==

Thank you for participating in the [[:meta:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2021|2021 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees election]]! Voting closed August 31 at 23:59. The official data, including the four most voted candidates, will be announced as soon as the [[:meta:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections_committee|Elections Committee]] completes their review of the ballots. The official announcement of the new trustees appointed will happen later, once the selected candidates have been confirmed by the Board.

6,946 community members from 216 wiki projects have voted. This makes 10.2% global participation, 1.1% higher than in the last Board elections. In 2017, 5167 people from 202 wiki projects cast their vote. A full analysis is planned to be published in a few days when the confirmed results are announced. In the meantime, you can check the [[:meta:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2021/Stats|data produced during the election]].

Diversity was an important goal with these elections. Messages about the Board election were translated into 61 languages. This outreach worked well. There were 70 communities with eligible voters voting in this election for the first time. With your help, next year’s Board of Trustees election will be even better.

۱۰:۰۳, ۲ سپټمبر ۲۰۲۱ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|‌‌‌‌'''نړیوال ‌وخت''']])
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== The 2022 Community Wishlist Survey will happen in January ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
Hello everyone,

We hope all of you are as well and safe as possible during these trying times! We wanted to share some news about a change to the Community Wishlist Survey 2022. We would like to hear your opinions as well.

Summary:

&lt;div style=&quot;font-style:italic;&quot;&gt;
We will be running the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey|Community Wishlist Survey]] 2022 in January 2022. We need more time to work on the 2021 wishes. We also need time to prepare some changes to the Wishlist 2022. In the meantime, you can use a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey/Sandbox|dedicated sandbox to leave early ideas for the 2022 wishes]].
&lt;/div&gt;

=== Proposing and wish-fulfillment will happen during the same year ===

In the past, the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Tech|Community Tech]] team has run the Community Wishlist Survey for the following year in November of the prior year. For example, we ran the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2021|Wishlist for 2021]] in November 2020. That worked well a few years ago. At that time, we used to start working on the Wishlist soon after the results of the voting were published.

However, in 2021, there was a delay between the voting and the time when we could start working on the new wishes. Until July 2021, we were working on wishes from the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2020|Wishlist for 2020]].

We hope having the Wishlist 2022 in January 2022 will be more intuitive. This will also give us time to fulfill more wishes from the 2021 Wishlist.

=== Encouraging wider participation from historically excluded communities ===

We are thinking how to make the Wishlist easier to participate in. We want to support more translations, and encourage under-resourced communities to be more active. We would like to have some time to make these changes.

=== A new space to talk to us about priorities and wishes not granted yet ===

We will have gone 365 days without a Wishlist. We encourage you to approach us. We hope to hear from you in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Talk:Community Wishlist Survey|talk page]], but we also hope to see you at our bi-monthly Talk to Us meetings! These will be hosted at two different times friendly to time zones around the globe.

We will begin our first meeting '''September 15th at 23:00 UTC'''. More details about the agenda and format coming soon!

=== Brainstorm and draft proposals before the proposal phase ===

If you have early ideas for wishes, you can use the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey/Sandbox|new Community Wishlist Survey sandbox]]. This way, you will not forget about these before January 2022. You will be able to come back and refine your ideas. Remember, edits in the sandbox don't count as wishes!

=== Feedback ===
* What should we do to improve the Wishlist pages?
* How would you like to use our new [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey/Sandbox|sandbox?]]
* What, if any, risks do you foresee in our decision to change the date of the Wishlist 2022?
* What will help more people participate in the Wishlist 2022?

Answer on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Talk:Community Wishlist Survey|talk page]] (in any language you prefer) or at our Talk to Us meetings.
&lt;/div&gt;

[[user:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] ([[user talk:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|talk]]) ۰۰:۲۳, ۷ سپټمبر ۲۰۲۱ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|‌‌‌‌'''نړیوال ‌وخت''']])
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== Call for Candidates for the Movement Charter Drafting Committee ending 14 September 2021 ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot;/&gt;Movement Strategy announces [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee|the Call for Candidates for the Movement Charter Drafting Committee]]. The Call opens August 2, 2021 and closes September 14, 2021.

The Committee is expected to represent [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee/Diversity_and_Expertise_Matrices|diversity in the Movement]]. Diversity includes gender, language, geography, and experience. This comprises participation in projects, affiliates, and the Wikimedia Foundation.

English fluency is not required to become a member. If needed, translation and interpretation support is provided. Members will receive an allowance to offset participation costs. It is US$100 every two months.

We are looking for people who have some of the following [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee#Role_Requirements|skills]]:

* Know how to write collaboratively. (demonstrated experience is a plus) 
* Are ready to find compromises. 
* Focus on inclusion and diversity. 
* Have knowledge of community consultations. 
* Have intercultural communication experience. 
* Have governance or organization experience in non-profits or communities. 
* Have experience negotiating with different parties. 

The Committee is expected to start with 15 people. If there are 20 or more candidates, a mixed election and selection process will happen. If there are 19 or fewer candidates, then the process of selection without election takes place.

Will you help move Wikimedia forward in this important role? Submit your candidacy [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee#Candidate_Statements|here]]. Please contact strategy2030[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org with questions.&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] ۱۷:۰۲, ۱۰ سپټمبر ۲۰۲۱ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|‌‌‌‌'''نړیوال ‌وخت''']])
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== Server switch ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;

[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|Read this message in another language]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-Tech%2FServer+switch&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]

The [[foundation:|Wikimedia Foundation]] tests the switch between its first and secondary data centers. This will make sure that Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia wikis can stay online even after a disaster. To make sure everything is working, the Wikimedia Technology department needs to do a planned test. This test will show if they can reliably switch from one data centre to the other. It requires many teams to prepare for the test and to be available to fix any unexpected problems. 

They will switch all traffic back to the primary data center on '''Tuesday, 14 September 2021'''.

Unfortunately, because of some limitations in [[mw:Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], all editing must stop while the switch is made. We apologize for this disruption, and we are working to minimize it in the future. 

'''You will be able to read, but not edit, all wikis for a short period of time.'''

*You will not be able to edit for up to an hour on Tuesday, 14 September 2021. The test will start at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1631628049 14:00 UTC] (07:00 PDT, 10:00 EDT, 15:00 WEST/BST, 16:00 CEST, 19:30 IST, 23:00 JST, and in New Zealand at 02:00 NZST on Wednesday, 15 September).
*If you try to edit or save during these times, you will see an error message. We hope that no edits will be lost during these minutes, but we can't guarantee it. If you see the error message, then please wait until everything is back to normal. Then you should be able to save your edit. But, we recommend that you make a copy of your changes first, just in case.

''Other effects'':

*Background jobs will be slower and some may be dropped. Red links might not be updated as quickly as normal. If you create an article that is already linked somewhere else, the link will stay red longer than usual. Some long-running scripts will have to be stopped.
* We expect the code deployments to happen as any other week. However, some case-by-case code freezes could punctually happen if the operation require them afterwards.

This project may be postponed if necessary.  You can [[wikitech:Switch_Datacenter|read the schedule at wikitech.wikimedia.org]]. Any changes will be announced in the schedule. There will be more notifications about this. A banner will be displayed on all wikis 30 minutes before this operation happens. '''Please share this information with your community.'''&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; [[user:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] ([[user talk:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|&lt;span class=&quot;signature-talk&quot;&gt;{{int:Talkpagelinktext}}&lt;/span&gt;]]) ۰۰:۴۵, ۱۱ سپټمبر ۲۰۲۱ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|‌‌‌‌'''نړیوال ‌وخت''']])
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== Talk to the Community Tech ==

[[File:Magic Wand Icon 229981 Color Flipped.svg|{{dir|{{pagelang}}|left|right}}|frameless|50px]]

[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey/Updates/2021-09 Talk to Us|Read this message in another language]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-Community_Wishlist_Survey/Updates/2021-09_Talk_to_Us&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]

Hello!

As we have [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey/Updates|recently announced]], we, the team working on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey|Community Wishlist Survey]], would like to invite you to an online meeting with us. It will take place on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20210915T2300 '''September 15th, 23:00 UTC'''] on Zoom, and will last an hour. [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/j/89828615390 '''Click here to join'''].

'''Agenda'''

* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2021/Status report 1#Prioritization Process|How we prioritize the wishes to be granted]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey/Updates|Why we decided to change the date]] from November 2021 to January 2022
* Update on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2021/Warn when linking to disambiguation pages|disambiguation]] and the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2021/Real Time Preview for Wikitext|real-time preview]] wishes
* Questions and answers

'''Format'''

The meeting will not be recorded or streamed. Notes without attribution will be taken and published on Meta-Wiki. The presentation (first three points in the agenda) will be given in English.

We can answer questions asked in English, French, Polish, and Spanish. If you would like to ask questions in advance, add them [[m:Talk:Community Wishlist Survey|on the Community Wishlist Survey talk page]] or send to sgrabarczuk@wikimedia.org.

[[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:NRodriguez (WMF)|Natalia Rodriguez]] (the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Tech|Community Tech]] manager) will be hosting this meeting.

'''Invitation link'''

* [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/j/89828615390 Join online]
* Meeting ID: 898 2861 5390
* One tap mobile
** +16465588656,,89828615390# US (New York)
** +16699006833,,89828615390# US (San Jose)
* [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/u/kctR45AI8o Dial by your location]

See you! [[User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] ([[User talk:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|&lt;span class=&quot;signature-talk&quot;&gt;{{int:Talkpagelinktext}}&lt;/span&gt;]]) ۰۳:۰۳, ۱۱ سپټمبر ۲۰۲۱ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|‌‌‌‌'''نړیوال ‌وخت''']])
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&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
== Select You the question statements for candidates of Drafting Committee Movement Charter ==

Into 2021-10-04 11:59:59 UTC you can select [[:m:Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Election Compass Statements|question statements]] for the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Candidates|candidates]] of [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee|Drafting Committee]] [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter|Movement Charter]]. ✍️ [[کارن:Dušan Kreheľ|Dušan Kreheľ]] ([[د کارن خبرې اترې:Dušan Kreheľ|خبرې اترې]]) ۰۲:۴۵, ۳۰ سپټمبر ۲۰۲۱ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|‌‌‌‌'''نړیوال ‌وخت''']])&lt;/div&gt;

== Voting for the election for the members for the Movement Charter drafting committee is now open ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot;/&gt;
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/MCDC Voter Email short 12-10-2021|{{int:otherlanguages}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/MCDC Voter Email short 12-10-2021}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''
Voting for the election for the members for the Movement Charter drafting committee is now open. In total, 70 Wikimedians from around the world are running for 7 seats in these elections.

'''Voting is open from October 12 to October 24, 2021.'''

The committee will consist of 15 members in total: The online communities vote for 7 members, 6 members will be selected by the Wikimedia affiliates through a parallel process, and 2 members will be appointed by the Wikimedia Foundation. The plan is to assemble the committee by November 1, 2021.

Learn about each candidate to inform your vote in the language that you prefer: &lt;https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee/Candidates&gt;

Learn about the Drafting Committee: &lt;https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee&gt;

We are piloting a voting advice application for this election. Click yourself through the tool and you will see which candidate is closest to you! Check at &lt;https://mcdc-election-compass.toolforge.org/&gt;

Read the full announcement: &lt;https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee/Elections&gt;

'''Go vote at SecurePoll on:''' &lt;https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee/Elections&gt;

Best,

Movement Strategy &amp; Governance Team, Wikimedia Foundation
&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] ۰۲:۲۵, ۱۴ اکتوبر ۲۰۲۱ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|‌‌‌‌'''نړیوال ‌وخت''']])
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== Learn how Movement Strategy Implementation Grants can support your Movement Strategy plans ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot;/&gt;Movement Strategy Implementation grants now provide more than $2,000 USD to put Movement Strategy plans into action. Find out more about [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Grants:MSIG/About|Movement Strategy Implementation grants, the criteria, and how to apply]].&lt;section end=&quot;annoumcent-content&quot;/&gt;

[[User:MNadzikiewicz (WMF)|MNadzikiewicz (WMF)]] ([[User talk:MNadzikiewicz (WMF)#top|talk]]) 13:30, 29 October 2021 (UTC)
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== Meet the new Movement Charter Drafting Committee members ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot;/&gt;
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Elections/Results/Announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Elections/Results/Announcement}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''
The Movement Charter Drafting Committee election and selection processes are complete.
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Elections/Results|election results have been published]]. 1018 participants voted to elect seven members to the committee: '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Candidates#Richard_Knipel_(Pharos)|Richard Knipel (Pharos)]]''', '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Candidates#Anne_Clin_(Risker)|Anne Clin (Risker)]]''', '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Candidates#Alice_Wiegand_(lyzzy)|Alice Wiegand (Lyzzy)]]''', '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Candidates#Micha%C5%82_Buczy%C5%84ski_(Aegis_Maelstrom)|Michał Buczyński (Aegis Maelstrom)]]''', '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Candidates#Richard_(Nosebagbear)|Richard (Nosebagbear)]]''', '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Candidates#Ravan_J_Al-Taie_(Ravan)|Ravan J Al-Taie (Ravan)]]''', '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Candidates#Ciell_(Ciell)|Ciell (Ciell)]]'''.
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee/Candidates#Affiliate-chosen_members|affiliate process]] has selected six members: '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Candidates#Anass_Sedrati_(Anass_Sedrati)|Anass Sedrati (Anass Sedrati)]]''', '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Candidates#%C3%89rica_Azzellini_(EricaAzzellini)|Érica Azzellini (EricaAzzellini)]]''', '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Candidates#Jamie_Li-Yun_Lin_(Li-Yun_Lin)|Jamie Li-Yun Lin (Li-Yun Lin)]]''', '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Candidates#Georges_Fodouop_(Geugeor)|Georges Fodouop (Geugeor)]]''', '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Candidates#Manavpreet_Kaur_(Manavpreet_Kaur)|Manavpreet Kaur (Manavpreet Kaur)]]''', '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Candidates#Pepe_Flores_(Padaguan)|Pepe Flores (Padaguan)]]'''.
* The Wikimedia Foundation has [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee/Candidates#Wikimedia_Foundation-chosen_members|appointed]] two members: '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee/Candidates#Runa_Bhattacharjee_(Runab_WMF)|Runa Bhattacharjee (Runab WMF)]]''', '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee/Candidates#Jorge_Vargas_(JVargas_(WMF))|Jorge Vargas (JVargas (WMF))]]'''.

The committee will convene soon to start its work. The committee can appoint up to three more members to bridge diversity and expertise gaps.

If you are interested in engaging with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter|Movement Charter]] drafting process, follow the updates [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee|on Meta]] and join the [https://t.me/joinchat/U-4hhWtndBjhzmSf Telegram group].

With thanks from the Movement Strategy and Governance team&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot;/&gt;

۱۵:۵۳, ۵ نومبر ۲۰۲۱ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|‌‌‌‌'''نړیوال ‌وخت''']])
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== Upcoming Call for Feedback about the Board of Trustees elections ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content /&gt;
:''You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees/Call for feedback:2022 Board of Trustees election/Upcoming Call for Feedback about the Board of Trustees elections|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees/Call for feedback:2022 Board of Trustees election/Upcoming Call for Feedback about the Board of Trustees elections}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

The Board of Trustees is preparing a call for feedback about the upcoming Board Elections, from January 7 - February 10, 2022.

While details will be finalized the week before the call, we have confirmed at least two questions that will be asked during this call for feedback:

* What is the best way to ensure fair representation of emerging communities among the Board?

* What involvement should candidates have during the election?

While additional questions may be added, the Movement Strategy and Governance team wants to provide time for community members and affiliates to consider and prepare ideas on the confirmed questions before the call opens. We apologize for not having a complete list of questions at this time. The list of questions should only grow by one or two questions. The intention is to not overwhelm the community with requests, but provide notice and welcome feedback on these important questions.

'''Do you want to help organize local conversation during this Call?'''

Contact the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance|Movement Strategy and Governance team]] on Meta, on [https://t.me/wmboardgovernancechat Telegram], or via email at msg[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org.

Reach out if you have any questions or concerns. The Movement Strategy and Governance team will be minimally staffed until January 3. Please excuse any delayed response during this time. We also recognize some community members and affiliates are offline during the December holidays. We apologize if our message has reached you while you are on holiday.

Best,

Movement Strategy and Governance&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

{{int:thank-you}} [[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] ۱۷:۵۶, ۲۷ ډيسمبر ۲۰۲۱ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|‌‌‌‌'''نړیوال ‌وخت''']])
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== Feminism and Folklore 2022 ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;

{{int:please-translate}}

Greetings! You are invited to participate in '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2022|Feminism and Folklore 2022]]''' writing competion. This year Feminism and Folklore will focus on feminism, women biographies and gender-focused topics for the project in league with Wiki Loves Folklore gender gap focus with folk culture theme on Wikipedia.

You can help us in enriching the folklore documentation on Wikipedia from your region by creating or improving articles focused on folklore around the world, including, but not limited to folk festivals, folk dances, folk music, women and queer personalities in folklore, folk culture (folk artists, folk dancers, folk singers, folk musicians, folk game athletes, women in mythology, women warriors in folklore, witches and witch hunting, fairy tales and more. You can contribute to new articles or translate from the list of suggested articles [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2022/List of Articles|here]].

You can also support us in organizing the contest on your local Wikipedia by signing up your community to participate in this project and also translating the [[m:Feminism and Folklore 2022|project page]] and help us spread the word in your native language. 

Learn more about the contest and prizes from our project page. Feel free to contact us on our [[:m:Talk:Feminism and Folklore 2022|talk page]] or via Email if you need any assistance... 

Thank you.

'''Feminism and Folklore Team''',

[[User:Tiven2240|Tiven2240]]
--۰۵:۴۹, ۱۱ جنوري ۲۰۲۲ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|‌‌‌‌'''نړیوال ‌وخت''']])
&lt;/div&gt;
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== Call for Feedback about the Board of Trustees elections is now open ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees/Call for feedback: Board of Trustees elections/Call for Feedback about the Board of Trustees elections is now open/Short|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees/Call for feedback: Board of Trustees elections/Call for Feedback about the Board of Trustees elections is now open/Short|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees/Call for feedback: Board of Trustees elections/Call for Feedback about the Board of Trustees elections is now open/Short}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

The Call for Feedback: Board of Trustees elections is now open and will close on 7 February 2022. 

With this Call for Feedback, the Movement Strategy and Governance team is taking a different approach. This approach incorporates community feedback from 2021. Instead of leading with proposals, the Call is framed around key questions from the Board of Trustees. The key questions came from the feedback about the 2021 Board of Trustees election. The intention is to inspire collective conversation and collaborative proposal development about these key questions.

[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees/Call for feedback: Board of Trustees elections|Join the conversation.]]

Best,

Movement Strategy and Governance&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] ۰۱:۰۴, ۱۵ جنوري ۲۰۲۲ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|‌‌‌‌'''نړیوال ‌وخت''']])
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== Movement Strategy and Governance News – Issue 5 ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;ucoc-newsletter&quot;/&gt;
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/5/Global message|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/5/Global message}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:200%;&quot;&gt;'''Movement Strategy and Governance News'''&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:120%; color:#404040;&quot;&gt;'''Issue 5, January 2022'''&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:120%; float:right;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/5|'''Read the full newsletter''']]&lt;/span&gt;
----
Welcome to the fifth issue of Movement Strategy and Governance News (formerly known as Universal Code of Conduct News)! This revamped newsletter distributes relevant news and events about the Movement Charter, Universal Code of Conduct, Movement Strategy Implementation grants, Board elections and other relevant MSG topics.

This Newsletter will be distributed quarterly, while more frequent Updates will also be delivered weekly or bi-weekly to subscribers. Please remember to subscribe [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/MSG Newsletter Subscription|here]] if you would like to receive these updates.
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*'''Call for Feedback about the Board elections''' - We invite you to give your feedback on the upcoming WMF Board of Trustees election. This call for feedback went live on 10th January 2022 and will be concluded on 16th February 2022. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/5#Call for Feedback about the Board elections|continue reading]])
*'''Universal Code of Conduct Ratification''' - In 2021, the WMF asked communities about how to enforce the Universal Code of Conduct policy text. The revised draft of the enforcement guidelines should be ready for community vote in March. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/5#Universal Code of Conduct Ratification|continue reading]])
*'''Movement Strategy Implementation Grants''' - As we continue to review several interesting proposals, we encourage and welcome more proposals and ideas that target a specific initiative from the Movement Strategy recommendations. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/5#Movement Strategy Implementation Grants|continue reading]])
*'''The New Direction for the Newsletter''' - As the UCoC Newsletter transitions into MSG Newsletter, join the facilitation team in envisioning and deciding on the new directions for this newsletter. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/5#The New Direction for the Newsletter|continue reading]])
*'''Diff Blogs''' - Check out the most recent publications about MSG on Wikimedia Diff. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/5#Diff Blogs|continue reading]])&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;ucoc-newsletter&quot;/&gt;
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[[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] ۰۳:۲۸, ۲۹ جنوري ۲۰۲۲ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|‌‌‌‌'''نړیوال ‌وخت''']])
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== Updates on the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines Review ==

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&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/2022-02-02 Announcement|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/2022-02-02 Announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/2022-02-02 Announcement}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''
Hello everyone,

The Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees released a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board noticeboard/January 2022 - Board of Trustees on Community ratification of enforcement guidelines of UCoC|statement on the ratification process]] for the '''[[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines|Universal Code of Conduct (UCoC) Enforcement Guidelines]]'''.

The [[m:Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] (UCoC) provides a baseline of acceptable behavior for the entire movement. The UCoC and the Enforcement Guidelines were written by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Drafting committee|volunteer-staff drafting committees]] following community consultations.

The revised guidelines were published 24 January 2022 as a proposed way to apply the policy across the movement. There is a [[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Changes|list of changes made]] to the guidelines after the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement draft guidelines review|enforcement draft guidelines review]]. '''Comments about the guidelines can be shared [[m:Talk:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines|on the Enforcement Guidelines talk page on Meta-wiki]].'''

To help to understand the guidelines and process, the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance|Movement Strategy and Governance]] (MSG) team will be hosting Conversation Hours on 4 February 2022 at 15:00 UTC, 25 February 2022 at 12:00 UTC, and 4 March 2022 at 15:00 UTC. '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Conversations|Join the conversation hours to speak with the UCoC project team and drafting committee members about the updated guidelines and voting process]].'''

The [[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Project#Timeline|timeline is available on Meta-wiki]]. The voting period is March 7 to 21. All eligible voters will have an opportunity to support or oppose the adoption of the Enforcement guidelines, and share why. '''[[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting|See the voting information page for more details]].'''

Many participants from across the movement have provided valuable input in these ongoing conversations. The UCoC and MSG teams want to thank the Drafting Committee and the community members for their contributions to this process. 

Sincerely,

Movement Strategy and Governance&lt;br/&gt;
Wikimedia Foundation&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
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[[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] ۰۳:۵۵, ۴ فبروري ۲۰۲۲ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|‌‌‌‌'''نړیوال ‌وخت''']])
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Leadership Development Task Force: Your feedback is appreciated&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership Development Task Force/Call for Feedback Announcement|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership Development Task Force/Call for Feedback Announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Leadership Development Task Force/Call for Feedback Announcement}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

The Community Development team at the Wikimedia Foundation is supporting the creation of a global, community-driven Leadership Development Task Force. The purpose of the task force is to advise leadership development work.

The team is looking for feedback about the responsibilities of the Leadership Development Task Force. This Meta page shares the proposal for a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership Development Task Force|Leadership Development Task Force]] and how [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership Development Task Force/Participate|you can help.]] Feedback on the proposal will be collected from 7 to 25 February 2022.&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
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[[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] ۰۲:۳۵, ۹ فبروري ۲۰۲۲ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|‌‌‌‌'''نړیوال ‌وخت''']])
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== Wiki Loves Folklore is extended till 15th March ==

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[[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|frameless|180px]]
Greetings from Wiki Loves Folklore International Team,

We are pleased to inform you that [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore|Wiki Loves Folklore]] an international photographic contest on Wikimedia Commons has been extended till the '''15th of March 2022'''. The scope of the contest is focused on folk culture of different regions on categories, such as, but not limited to, folk festivals, folk dances, folk music, folk activities, etc.

We would like to have your immense participation in the photographic contest to document your local Folk culture on Wikipedia. You can also help with the [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2022/Translations|translation]] of project pages and share a word in your local language.

Best wishes,

'''International Team'''&lt;br /&gt;
'''Wiki Loves Folklore'''

[[کارن:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[د کارن خبرې اترې:MediaWiki message delivery|خبرې اترې]]) ۰۴:۵۰, ۲۲ فبروري ۲۰۲۲ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|‌‌‌‌'''نړیوال ‌وخت''']])
&lt;/div&gt;
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== Coming soon ==

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=== Several improvements around templates ===
Hello, from March 9, several improvements around templates will become available on your wiki:
* Fundamental improvements of the [[Mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User guide#Editing templates|VisualEditor template dialog]] ([[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/VisualEditor template dialog improvements|1]], [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Removing a template from a page using the VisualEditor|2]]),
* Improvements to make it easier to put a template on a page ([[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Finding and inserting templates|3]]) (for the template dialogs in [[Mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User guide#Editing templates|VisualEditor]], [[Mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:WikiEditor#/media/File:VectorEditorBasic-en.png|2010 Wikitext]] and [[Mw:Special:MyLanguage/2017 wikitext editor|New Wikitext Mode]]),
* and improvements in the syntax highlighting extension [[Mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] ([[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Improved Color Scheme of Syntax Highlighting|4]], [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Bracket Matching|5]]) (which is available on wikis with writing direction left-to-right).

All these changes are part of the “[[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Templates|Templates]]” project by [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes|WMDE Technical Wishes]]. We hope they will help you in your work, and we would love to hear your feedback on the talk pages of these projects. &lt;/div&gt; - [[m:User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|Johanna Strodt (WMDE)]] ۱۲:۳۸, ۲۸ فبروري ۲۰۲۲ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|‌‌‌‌'''نړیوال ‌وخت''']])
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Remember to Participate in the UCoC Conversations and Ratification Vote!&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting/Announcement|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting/Announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting/Announcement}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

Hello everyone,

A [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines/Voting|'''vote in SecurePoll from 7 to 21 March 2022''']] is scheduled as part of the ratification process for the Universal Code of Conduct (UCoC) Enforcement guidelines. Eligible voters are invited to answer a poll question and share comments. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines/Voter_information|Read voter information and eligibility details.]] During the poll, voters will be asked if they support the enforcement of the Universal Code of Conduct based on the proposed guidelines.

The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] (UCoC) provides a baseline of acceptable behavior for the entire movement. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines|revised enforcement guidelines]] were published 24 January 2022 as a proposed way to apply the policy across the movement. A [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Board_noticeboard/January_2022_-_Board_of_Trustees_on_Community_ratification_of_enforcement_guidelines_of_UCoC|Wikimedia Foundation Board statement]] calls for a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines/Voting|ratification process]] where eligible voters will have an opportunity to support or oppose the adoption of the UCoC Enforcement guidelines in a vote. Wikimedians are invited to [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines/Voter_information/Volunteer|translate and share important information]]. For more information about the UCoC, please see the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Project|project page]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/FAQ|frequently asked questions]] on Meta-wiki.

There are events scheduled to learn more and discuss:
* A [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Conversations/Panel_Q&amp;A|community panel]] recorded on 18 February 2022 shares perspectives from small- and medium-sized community participants.
* The [[m:Movement Strategy and Governance|Movement Strategy and Governance]] (MSG) team is hosting Conversation Hours on 4 March 2022 at 15:00 UTC. Please [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Conversations|'''sign-up''']] to interact with the project team and the drafting committee about the updated enforcement guidelines and the ratification process. See the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/2022_conversation_hour_summaries|Conversation Hour summaries]] for notes from 4 February 2022 and 25 February 2022.

You can comment on Meta-wiki talk pages in any language. You may also contact either team by email: msg[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org or ucocproject[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org

Sincerely,

Movement Strategy and Governance &lt;br /&gt;
Wikimedia Foundation &lt;br /&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] ۰۲:۱۷, ۲ مارچ ۲۰۲۲ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|‌‌‌‌'''نړیوال ‌وخت''']])
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement guidelines ratification voting open from 7 to 21 March 2022&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Vote|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Vote|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Vote}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

Hello everyone,

The ratification voting process for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines|revised enforcement guidelines]] of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] (UCoC) is now open! '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting|Voting commenced on SecurePoll]]''' on 7 March 2022 and will conclude on 21 March 2022. Please [[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voter information|read more on the voter information and eligibility details]].

The Universal Code of Conduct (UCoC) provides a baseline of acceptable behavior for the entire movement. The revised enforcement guidelines were published 24 January 2022 as a proposed way to apply the policy across the movement. You can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Project|read more about the UCoC project]].

You can also comment on Meta-wiki talk pages in any language. You may also contact the team by email: ucocproject[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org

Sincerely,

Movement Strategy and Governance

Wikimedia Foundation&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] ۰۰:۵۲, ۸ مارچ ۲۰۲۲ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|‌‌‌‌'''نړیوال ‌وخت''']])
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Invitation to Hubs event: Global Conversation on 2022-03-12 at 13:00 UTC&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;Hello! 

The Movement Strategy and Governance team of the Wikimedia Foundation would like to invite you to the next event about &quot;Regional and Thematic Hubs&quot;. The Wikimedia Movement is in the process of understanding what Regional and Thematic Hubs should be. Our workshop in November was a good start ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Hubs/Documentation/27 November Workshop|read the report]]), but we're not finished yet. 

Over the last weeks we conducted about 16 interviews with groups working on establishing a Hub in their context ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Hubs/Dialogue|see Hubs Dialogue]]). These interviews informed a report that will serve as a foundation for discussion on March 12. The report is planned to be published on March 9.

The event will take place on March 12, 13:00 to 16:00 UTC on Zoom. Interpretation will be provided in French, Spanish, Arabic, Russian, and Portuguese. Registration is open, and will close on March 10. Anyone interested in the topic is invited to join us. '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Hubs/Global Conversations March 12, 2022|More information on the event on Meta-wiki]]'''.

Best regards,

[[m:User:KVaidla (WMF)|Kaarel Vaidla]]&lt;br /&gt;Movement Strategy
&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
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۰۱:۳۱, ۱۰ مارچ ۲۰۲۲ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|‌‌‌‌'''نړیوال ‌وخت''']])
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== Wiki Loves Folklore 2022 ends tomorrow ==

[[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|frameless|180px]]
International photographic contest [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2022| Wiki Loves Folklore 2022]] ends on 15th March 2022 23:59:59 UTC. This is the last chance of the year to upload images about local folk culture, festival, cuisine, costume, folklore etc on Wikimedia Commons. Watch out our social media handles for regular updates and declaration of Winners. 

([https://www.facebook.com/WikiLovesFolklore/ Facebook] , [https://twitter.com/WikiFolklore Twitter ] , [https://www.instagram.com/wikilovesfolklore/ Instagram])

The writing competition Feminism and Folklore will run till 31st of March 2022 23:59:59 UTC. Write about your local folk tradition, women, folk festivals, folk dances, folk music, folk activities, folk games, folk cuisine, folk wear, folklore, and tradition, including ballads, folktales, fairy tales, legends, traditional song and dance, folk plays, games, seasonal events, calendar customs, folk arts, folk religion, mythology etc. on your local Wikipedia. Check if your [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2022/Project Page|local Wikipedia is participating]]

A special competition called '''Wiki Loves Falles''' is organised in Spain and the world during 15th March 2022 till 15th April 2022 to document local folk culture and [[:en:Falles|Falles]] in Valencia, Spain. Learn more about it on  [[:ca:Viquiprojecte:Falles 2022|Catalan Wikipedia project page]].

We look forward for your immense co-operation.

Thanks 
Wiki Loves Folklore international Team
[[کارن:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[د کارن خبرې اترې:MediaWiki message delivery|خبرې اترې]]) ۱۴:۴۰, ۱۴ مارچ ۲۰۲۲ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|‌‌‌‌'''نړیوال ‌وخت''']])
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Leadership Development Working Group: Apply to join! (14 March to 10 April 2022)&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership Development Working Group/Participate/Announcement|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership Development Working Group/Participate/Announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Leadership Development Working Group/Participate/Announcement}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

Hello everyone,

Thank you to everyone who participated in the feedback period for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership Development Working Group|Leadership Development Working Group]] initiative. A [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership Development Working Group/Participate#5. Summary of Call for Feedback|summary of the feedback]] can be found on Meta-wiki. This feedback will be shared with the working group to inform their work. The application period to join the Working Group is now open and will close on April 10, 2022. Please [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership_Development_Working_Group/Purpose_and_Structure#3._How_is_the_working_group_formed_and_structured?|review the information about the working group]], share with community members who might be interested, and '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Leadership_Development_Working_Group/Participate#1._How_to_participate|apply if you are interested]]'''.

Thank you,

From the Community Development team&lt;br /&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] ۰۲:۲۰, ۱۸ مارچ ۲۰۲۲ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|‌‌‌‌'''نړیوال ‌وخت''']])
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== Feminism and Folklore 2022 ends soon ==

[[File:Feminism and Folklore 2022 logo.svg|right|frameless|250px]]
[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2022|Feminism and Folklore 2022]] which is an international writing contest organized at Wikipedia ends soon that is on &lt;b&gt;31 March 2022 11:59 UTC&lt;/b&gt;. This is the last chance of the year to write about feminism, women biographies and gender-focused topics such as &lt;i&gt;folk festivals, folk dances, folk music, folk activities, folk games, folk cuisine, folk wear, fairy tales, folk plays, folk arts, folk religion, mythology, folk artists, folk dancers, folk singers, folk musicians, folk game athletes, women in mythology, women warriors in folklore, witches and witch hunting, fairy tales and more&lt;/i&gt;

Keep an eye on the project page for declaration of Winners. 

We look forward for your immense co-operation.

Thanks 
Wiki Loves Folklore international Team
[[کارن:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[د کارن خبرې اترې:MediaWiki message delivery|خبرې اترې]]) ۱۴:۲۹, ۲۶ مارچ ۲۰۲۲ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|‌‌‌‌'''نړیوال ‌وخت''']])
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement guidelines ratification voting is now closed&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Vote/Closing message|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Vote/Closing message|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Vote/Closing message}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''
Greetings,

The ratification voting process for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines|revised enforcement guidelines]] of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] (UCoC) came to a close on 21 March 2022. Over {{#expr:2300}} Wikimedians voted across different regions of our movement. Thank you to everyone who participated in this process! The scrutinizing group is now reviewing the vote for accuracy, so please allow up to two weeks for them to finish their work.

The final results from the voting process will be announced [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting/Results|here]], along with the relevant statistics and a summary of comments as soon as they are available. Please check out [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voter information|the voter information page]] to learn about the next steps. You can comment on the project talk page [[m:Talk:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines|on Meta-wiki]] in any language. You may also contact the UCoC project team by email: ucocproject[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org

Best regards,

Movement Strategy and Governance&lt;br /&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] ۰۱:۵۳, ۳۰ مارچ ۲۰۲۲ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|‌‌‌‌'''نړیوال ‌وخت''']])
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Movement Strategy and Governance News – Issue 6&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;msg-newsletter&quot;/&gt;
&lt;div style = &quot;line-height: 1.2&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:200%;&quot;&gt;'''Movement Strategy and Governance News'''&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:120%; color:#404040;&quot;&gt;'''Issue 6, April 2022'''&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:120%; float:right;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/6|'''Read the full newsletter''']]&lt;/span&gt;
----

Welcome to the sixth issue of Movement Strategy and Governance News! This revamped newsletter distributes relevant news and events about the Movement Charter, Universal Code of Conduct, Movement Strategy Implementation grants, Board of trustees elections and other relevant MSG topics.

This Newsletter will be distributed quarterly, while the more frequent Updates will also be delivered weekly. Please remember to subscribe [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/MSG Newsletter Subscription|here]] if you would like to receive future issues of this newsletter.
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:3px; padding:10px 10px 10px 20px; background:#fffff; border:2px solid #808080; border-radius:4px; font-size:100%;&quot;&gt;

*'''Leadership Development -''' A Working Group is Forming! - The application to join the Leadership Development Working Group closed on April 10th, 2022, and up to 12 community members will be selected to participate in the working group. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/6#A1|continue reading]])
*'''Universal Code of Conduct Ratification Results are out! -''' The global decision process on the enforcement of the UCoC via SecurePoll was held from 7 to 21 March. Over 2,300 eligible voters from at least 128 different home projects submitted their opinions and comments. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/6#A2|continue reading]])
*'''Movement Discussions on Hubs -''' The Global Conversation event on Regional and Thematic Hubs was held on Saturday, March 12, and was attended by 84 diverse Wikimedians from across the movement. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/6#A3|continue reading]])
*'''Movement Strategy Grants Remain Open! -''' Since the start of the year, six proposals with a total value of about $80,000 USD have been approved. Do you have a movement strategy project idea? Reach out to us! ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/6#A4|continue reading]])
*'''The Movement Charter Drafting Committee is All Set! -''' The Committee of fifteen members which was elected in October 2021, has agreed on the essential values and methods for its work, and has started to create the outline of the Movement Charter draft. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/6#A5|continue reading]])
*'''Introducing Movement Strategy Weekly -''' Contribute and Subscribe! - The MSG team have just launched the updates portal, which is connected to the various Movement Strategy pages on Meta-wiki. Subscriber to get  up-to-date news about the various ongoing projects. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/6#A6|continue reading]])
*'''Diff Blogs -''' Check out the most recent publications about Movement Strategy on Wikimedia Diff. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/6#A7|continue reading]])
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;msg-newsletter&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

Also, a draft of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2022-2023/draft|'''2022-23 Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan''']] has been published. Input is being sought on-wiki and during [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2022-2023/Conversations|'''several conversations''' with Wikimedia Foundation CEO Maryana Iskander]].

[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2022-2023/Conversations/Announcement|See full announcement on Meta-wiki]]. [[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] ۰۱:۴۵, ۲۲ اپرېل ۲۰۲۲ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|‌‌‌‌'''نړیوال ‌وخت''']])
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== New Wikipedia Library Collections Available Now - April 2022 ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;

Hello Wikimedians! 
[[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|upright|The TWL owl says sign up today!]]
[[m:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] has free access to new paywalled reliable sources. You can these and dozens more collections at https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/:
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/128/ Wiley]''' – journals, books, and research resources, covering life, health, social, and physical sciences
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/125/ OECD]''' – OECD iLibrary, Data, and Multimedia​​ published by the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/129/ SPIE Digital Library]''' – journals and eBooks on optics and photonics applied research

Many other sources are freely available for experienced editors, including collections which recently became accessible to all eligible editors: Cambridge University Press, BMJ, AAAS, Érudit and more.

Do better research and help expand the use of high quality references across Wikipedia projects: log in today!
&lt;br&gt;--The Wikipedia Library Team ۱۳:۱۷, ۲۶ اپرېل ۲۰۲۲ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|‌‌‌‌'''نړیوال ‌وخت''']])

:&lt;small&gt;This message was delivered via the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/MassMessage#Global_message_delivery Global Mass Message] tool to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List].&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
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== Coming soon: Improvements for templates ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;

[[File:Overview of changes in the VisualEditor template dialog by WMDE Technical Wishes.webm|thumb|Fundamental changes in the template dialog (example from a left-to-right wiki).]]

Hello, more changes around templates are coming to your wiki soon:

The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User guide#Editing templates|'''template dialog''' in VisualEditor]] and in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/2017 wikitext editor|2017 Wikitext Editor]] (beta) will be '''improved fundamentally''': 
This should help users understand better what the template expects, how to navigate the template, and how to add parameters. ([[metawiki:WMDE Technical Wishes/VisualEditor template dialog improvements|project page]])

Deployment is planned for May 10. This is the last set of improvements from [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes|WMDE Technical Wishes']] focus area “[[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Templates|Templates]]”. 

We would love to [[metawiki:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/VisualEditor template dialog improvements|hear your feedback]]!
&lt;/div&gt; [[m:User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|Johanna Strodt (WMDE)]] ۱۰:۵۷, ۲۹ اپرېل ۲۰۲۲ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|‌‌‌‌'''نړیوال ‌وخت''']])
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Technical_Wishes_News_list_all_village_pumps&amp;oldid=23222047 --&gt;

== 2022 Board of Trustees Call for Candidates ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt; 
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Call for Candidates/Short|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Call for Candidates/Short|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Call for Candidates/Short}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

The Board of Trustees seeks candidates for the 2022 Board of Trustees election. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Announcement/Call_for_Candidates|'''Read more on Meta-wiki.''']]

The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022|2022 Board of Trustees election]] is here! Please consider submitting your candidacy to serve on the Board of Trustees.

The Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees oversees the Wikimedia Foundation's operations. Community-and-affiliate selected trustees and Board-appointed trustees make up the Board of Trustees. Each trustee serves a three year term. The Wikimedia community has the opportunity to vote for community-and-affiliate selected trustees.

The Wikimedia community will vote to fill two seats on the Board in 2022. This is an opportunity to improve the representation, diversity, and expertise of the Board as a team.

;Who are potential candidates? Are you a potential candidate? Find out more on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Apply to be a Candidate|Apply to be a Candidate page]].

Thank you for your support, 

Movement Strategy and Governance on behalf of the Elections Committee and the Board of Trustees&lt;br /&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
۱۰:۳۹, ۱۰ مې ۲۰۲۲ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|‌‌‌‌'''نړیوال ‌وخت''']])
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:MNadzikiewicz (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Strategy_and_Governance/Delivery&amp;oldid=23215441 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Revisions to the Universal Code of Conduct (UCoC) Enforcement Guidelines&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Revision discussions/Announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Revision discussions/Announcement}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''
Hello all,

We'd like to provide an update on the work on the Enforcement Guidelines for the Universal Code of Conduct.  After the conclusion of the community vote on the guidelines in March, the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee|Community Affairs committee (CAC)]] of the Board [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikimedia-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/JAYQN3NYKCHQHONMUONYTI6WRKZFQNSC/ asked that several areas of the guidelines be reviewed for improvements] before the Board does its final review. These areas were identified based on community discussions and comments provided during the vote. The CAC also requested review of the controversial Note in 3.1 of the UCoC itself.

Once more, a big thank you to all who voted, especially to all who left constructive feedback and comments!  The project team is working with the Board to establish a timeline for this work, and will communicate this next month. 

Members of the two prior [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Drafting committee|UCoC Drafting Committees]] have generously offered their time to help shape improvements to the Guidelines. You can read more about them and their work [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Drafting committee#Revisions_Committee|here]], as well as read [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Drafting_committee/Phase_2_meeting_summaries#2022|summaries of their weekly meetings in 2022]]. 

Wikimedians have provided many valuable comments together with the vote and in other conversations. Given the size and diversity of the Wikimedia community, there are even more voices out there who can give ideas on how to improve the enforcement guidelines and add even more valuable ideas to the process. To help the Revisions committee identify improvements, input on several questions for the committee’s review is requested. Visit the Meta-wiki pages ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines/Revision_discussions|Enforcement Guidelines revision discussions]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Policy text/Revision_discussions|Policy text revision discussions]]) to get your ideas to the Committee - it is very important that viewpoints are heard from different communities before the Committee begins drafting revision proposals.

On behalf of the UCoC project team &lt;br /&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] ۲۲:۵۶, ۳ جون ۲۰۲۲ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|‌‌‌‌'''نړیوال ‌وخت''']])
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Xeno (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Strategy_and_Governance/Delivery&amp;oldid=23215441 --&gt;

== Propose statements for the 2022 Election Compass ==

:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Propose statements for the 2022 Election Compass| You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Propose statements for the 2022 Election Compass|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Propose statements for the 2022 Election Compass}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

Hi all,

Community members in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022|2022 Board of Trustees election]] are invited to [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Community_Voting/Election_Compass|propose statements to use in the Election Compass.]]

An Election Compass is a tool to help voters select the candidates that best align with their beliefs and views. The community members will propose statements for the candidates to answer using a Lickert scale (agree/neutral/disagree). The candidates’ answers to the statements will be loaded into the Election Compass tool. Voters will use the tool by entering in their answer to the statements (agree/disagree/neutral). The results will show the candidates that best align with the voter’s beliefs and views.

;Here is the timeline for the Election Compass:

* July 8 - 20: Community members propose statements for the Election Compass
* July 21 - 22: Elections Committee reviews statements for clarity and removes off-topic statements
* July 23 - August 1: Volunteers vote on the statements
* August 2 - 4: Elections Committee selects the top 15 statements
* August 5 - 12: candidates align themselves with the statements
* August 15: The Election Compass opens for voters to use to help guide their voting decision

The Elections Committee will select the top 15 statements at the beginning of August. The Elections Committee will oversee the process, supported by the Movement Strategy and Governance team. MSG will check that the questions are clear, there are no duplicates, no typos, and so on.

Best,

Movement Strategy and Governance

''This message was sent on behalf of the Board Selection Task Force and the Elections Committee''&lt;br /&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;

[[User:MNadzikiewicz (WMF)|MNadzikiewicz (WMF)]] ([[User talk:MNadzikiewicz (WMF)|talk]]) ۱۱:۳۴, ۱۴ جولای ۲۰۲۲ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|‌‌‌‌'''نړیوال ‌وخت''']])
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:MNadzikiewicz (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Strategy_and_Governance/Delivery&amp;oldid=23215441 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Movement Strategy and Governance News – Issue 7&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;msg-newsletter&quot;/&gt;
&lt;div style = &quot;line-height: 1.2&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:200%;&quot;&gt;'''Movement Strategy and Governance News'''&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:120%; color:#404040;&quot;&gt;'''Issue 7, July-September 2022'''&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:120%; float:right;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7|'''Read the full newsletter''']]&lt;/span&gt; 
----
Welcome to the 7th issue of Movement Strategy and Governance News! The newsletter distributes relevant news and events about the implementation of Wikimedia's [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy/Initiatives|Movement Strategy recommendations]], other relevant topics regarding Movement governance, as well as different projects and activities supported by the Movement Strategy and Governance (MSG) team of the Wikimedia Foundation.  

The MSG Newsletter is delivered quarterly, while the more frequent [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy/Updates|Movement Strategy Weekly]] will be delivered weekly. Please remember to subscribe [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/MSG Newsletter Subscription|here]] if you would like to receive future issues of this newsletter.
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:3px; padding:10px 10px 10px 20px; background:#fffff; border:2px solid #808080; border-radius:4px; font-size:100%;&quot;&gt; 

* '''Movement sustainability''': Wikimedia Foundation's annual sustainability report has been published. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A1|continue reading]])
* '''Improving user experience''': recent improvements on the desktop interface for Wikimedia projects. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A2|continue reading]])
* '''Safety and inclusion''': updates on the revision process of the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A3|continue reading]])
* '''Equity in decisionmaking''': reports from Hubs pilots conversations, recent progress from the Movement Charter Drafting Committee, and a new white paper for futures of participation in the Wikimedia movement. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A4|continue reading]])
* '''Stakeholders coordination''': launch of a helpdesk for Affiliates and volunteer communities working on content partnership. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A5|continue reading]])
* '''Leadership development''': updates on leadership projects by Wikimedia movement organizers in Brazil and Cape Verde. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A6|continue reading]])
* '''Internal knowledge management''': launch of a new portal for technical documentation and community resources. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A7|continue reading]])
* '''Innovate in free knowledge''': high-quality audiovisual resources for scientific experiments and a new toolkit to record oral transcripts. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A8|continue reading]])
* '''Evaluate, iterate, and adapt''': results from the Equity Landscape project pilot ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A9|continue reading]])
* '''Other news and updates''': a new forum to discuss Movement Strategy implementation, upcoming Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees election, a new podcast to discuss Movement Strategy, and change of personnel for the Foundation's Movement Strategy and Governance team. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A10|continue reading]])
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;msg-newsletter&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

Thank you for reading! [[User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] ۰۱:۳۷, ۱۸ جولای ۲۰۲۲ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|‌‌‌‌'''نړیوال ‌وخت''']])
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Strategy_and_Governance/Delivery&amp;oldid=23529147 --&gt;

== Announcing the six candidates for the 2022 Board of Trustees election ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot;/&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Announcing the six candidates for the 2022 Board of Trustees election| You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Announcing the six candidates for the 2022 Board of Trustees election|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Announcing the six candidates for the 2022 Board of Trustees election}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

Hi everyone,

'''The Affiliate voting process has concluded.''' Representatives from each Affiliate organization learned about the candidates by reading candidates’ statements, reviewing candidates’ answers to questions, and considering the candidates’ ratings provided by the Analysis Committee. The selected 2022 Board of Trustees candidates are:

* Tobechukwu Precious Friday ([[:m:User:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]])
* Farah Jack Mustaklem ([[:m:User:Fjmustak|Fjmustak]])
* Shani Evenstein Sigalov ([[:m:User:Esh77|Esh77]])
* Kunal Mehta ([[:m:User:Legoktm|Legoktm]])
* Michał Buczyński ([[:m:User:Aegis Maelstrom|Aegis Maelstrom]])
* Mike Peel ([[:m:User:Mike Peel|Mike Peel]])

You may see more information about the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Results|Results]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Stats|Statistics]] of this Board election.

Please take a moment to appreciate the Affiliate Representatives and Analysis Committee members for taking part in this process and helping to grow the Board of Trustees in capacity and diversity. These hours of volunteer work connect us across understanding and perspective. Thank you for your participation.

Thank you to the community members who put themselves forward as candidates for the Board of Trustees. Considering joining the Board of Trustees is no small decision. The time and dedication candidates have shown to this point speaks to their commitment to this movement. Congratulations to those candidates who have been selected. A great amount of appreciation and gratitude for those candidates not selected. Please continue to share your leadership with Wikimedia.

Thank you to those who followed the Affiliate process for this Board election. You may review the results of the Affiliate selection process.

'''The next part of the Board election process is the community voting period.''' [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022#Timeline|You may view the Board election timeline here]]. To prepare for the community voting period, there are several things community members can engage with in the following ways:

* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Candidates|Read candidates’ statements]] and read the candidates’ answers to the questions posed by the Affiliate Representatives.
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Community_Voting/Questions_for_Candidates|Propose and select the 6 questions for candidates to answer during their video Q&amp;A]].
* See the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Candidates|Analysis Committee’s ratings of candidates on each candidate’s statement]].
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Community Voting/Election Compass|Propose statements for the Election Compass]] voters can use to find which candidates best fit their principles.
* Encourage others in your community to take part in the election.

Best,

Movement Strategy and Governance

''This message was sent on behalf of the Board Selection Task Force and the Elections Committee''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot;/&gt;

[[User:MNadzikiewicz (WMF)|MNadzikiewicz (WMF)]] ۱۴:۰۳, ۲۷ جولای ۲۰۲۲ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|‌‌‌‌'''نړیوال ‌وخت''']])
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:MNadzikiewicz (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Strategy_and_Governance/Delivery&amp;oldid=23530132 --&gt;

== Vote for Election Compass Statements ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Vote for Election Compass Statements| You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Vote for Election Compass Statements|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Vote for Election Compass Statements}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

Hi all,

Volunteers in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022|2022 Board of Trustees election]] are invited to [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Community_Voting/Election_Compass/Statements|vote for statements to use in the Election Compass]]. You can vote for the statements you would like to see included in the Election Compass on Meta-wiki.

An Election Compass is a tool to help voters select the candidates that best align with their beliefs and views. The community members will propose statements for the candidates to answer using a Lickert scale (agree/neutral/disagree). The candidates’ answers to the statements will be loaded into the Election Compass tool. Voters will use the tool by entering in their answer to the statements (agree/disagree/neutral). The results will show the candidates that best align with the voter’s beliefs and views.

Here is the timeline for the Election Compass:

*&lt;s&gt;July 8 - 20: Volunteers propose statements for the Election Compass&lt;/s&gt;
*&lt;s&gt;July 21 - 22: Elections Committee reviews statements for clarity and removes off-topic statements&lt;/s&gt;
*July 23 - August 1: Volunteers vote on the statements
*August 2 - 4: Elections Committee selects the top 15 statements
*August 5 - 12: candidates align themselves with the statements
*August 15: The Election Compass opens for voters to use to help guide their voting decision

The Elections Committee will select the top 15 statements at the beginning of August

Best, 

Movement Strategy and Governance

''This message was sent on behalf of the Board Selection Task Force and the Elections Committee''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
[[User:MNadzikiewicz (WMF)|MNadzikiewicz (WMF)]] ۲۱:۰۱, ۲۷ جولای ۲۰۲۲ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|‌‌‌‌'''نړیوال ‌وخت''']])
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== The 2022 Board of Trustees election Community Voting period is now open ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/The 2022 Board of Trustees election Community Voting period is now open| You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/The 2022 Board of Trustees election Community Voting period is now open|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/The 2022 Board of Trustees election Community Voting period is now open}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

Hi everyone,

The Community Voting period for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022|2022 Board of Trustees election]] is now open. Here are some helpful links to get you the information you need to vote:

* Try the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Community_Voting/Election_Compass|Election Compass]], showing how candidates stand on 15 different topics.
* Read the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Candidates|candidate statements]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Affiliate_Organization_Participation/Candidate_Questions|answers to Affiliate questions]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Apply to be a Candidate|Learn more about the skills the Board seeks]] and how the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Candidates|Analysis Committee found candidates align with those skills]]

If you are ready to vote, you may go to [[Special:SecurePoll/vote/Wikimedia_Foundation_Board_Elections_2022|SecurePoll voting page]] to vote now. '''You may vote from August 23 at 00:00 UTC to September 6 at 23:59 UTC.''' To see about your voter eligibility, please visit the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Voter_eligibility_guidelines|voter eligibility page]].

Best,

Movement Strategy and Governance

''This message was sent on behalf of the Board Selection Task Force and the Elections Committee''&lt;br /&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;

[[User:MNadzikiewicz_(WMF)|MNadzikiewicz (WMF)]]
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:MNadzikiewicz (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Strategy_and_Governance/Delivery&amp;oldid=23708360 --&gt;</text>
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    <title>کـاربن ډای اکسايد</title>
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      <text bytes="24021" xml:space="preserve">{{کيميابکس
| Name = '''کاربونیک گاز'''
| ImageFileL1 = Carbon-dioxide-2D-dimensions.svg
| ImageSizeL1 = 120px
| ImageFileR1 = Carbon-dioxide-3D-vdW.svg
| ImageSizeR1 = 120px 
| ImageName = کـاربن ډای اکسايد
| IUPACName = کـاربن ډای اکسايد
| OtherNames = کاربونیک غاز؛ [[کاربنیک اسید]]؛ کربنیک انیدرید؛ [[وچ یخ]] (جامد) 
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
| CASNo = 124-38-9
| UNNumber = [[List of UN Numbers 1001 to 1100|1013]]{{سخ}}''Solid ([[وچ یخ]]): ''[[List of UN Numbers 1801 to 1900|1845]]{{سخ}}''Mixtures with [[اتیلن اکساید]]: ''[[List of UN Numbers 1901 to 2000|1952]], [[List of UN Numbers 3201 to 3300|3300]]
| PubChem = 280
| SMILES = C(=O)=O
| EINECS = 204-696-9
| RTECS = FF6400000
| InChI = 1/CO2/c2-1-3
}}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
| Formula = {{co2}}
| MolarMass = 44.0095(14) g/mol 
| Appearance = colorless gas 
| Density = 1,600 g/L, solid; 1.98 g/L, gas
| Solubility = 1.45 g/L 
| MeltingPt = −78&amp;nbsp;°C (195 K) (د فشار لاندې) 
| BoilingPt = −57&amp;nbsp;°C (216 K), ([[تصعید]]) 
| pKa = 6.35 and 10.33 
| Viscosity = 0.07 c[[پواز|P]] at −78&amp;nbsp;°C 
| Dipole = صفر
}}
| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure
| MolShape = [[خطی (کیمیاوی)|خطی]]
}}
| Section8 = {{Chembox Related
| Function = [[اکساید|اکسایدونه]] 
| OtherFunctn = [[منوکسید کربن]]؛ [[کربن سابوکسید]]; [[منوکسید دی کربن]]؛ [[کربن تری اکسید]]}}
}}


'''کاربن ډای اکسایډ''' (چې کیمیاوي فورمول یې CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; دی) یو بې رنګه اسیدي ګاز دی، دروندوالی یې تر وچې هوا شاوخوا ۵۳ سلنه زیات دی. د کاربن ډای اکسایډ مالیکولونه له یوه اتوم کاربن څخه جوړ شوي چې د دوه‌ګونې رابطې په مرسته له دوه اتومه اکسیجن سره رابطه لري. کاربن ډای اکسايډ په طبیعي ډول د ځمکې په اتوموسفیر کې د یوه کم‌پيدا ګاز په توګه موجود دی. اوسنی غلظت یې شاوخوا ۰.۰۴ سلنه (۴۱۲ پي پي اېم) دی چې تر صنعتي کېدو د وړاندې اندازو په نسبت ۲۸۰ پي پي اېم ډېر دی. طبیعي سرچینې یې اور غورځوونکي غرونه، د ځنګلونو سوځېدل، د ګرمو اوبو چینې او په اوبو او تېزابو کې د حلېدو په مرسته له کاربني ډبرو څخه ازادېدل دي. دا چې کاربن ډای اکسایډ په اوبو کې حل دی، په طبیعي ډول په ځمک‌لاندې اوبو، سیندونو او جهیلونو، د غرونو پر سرونو، یخونو او واورو، طبیعي کنګلونو او د بحیرو په اوبو کې موجود دی. د تېلو او طبیعي ګازو په زېرمو کې هم موجود دی. کاربن ډای اکسایډ تېز او تېزابي بوی لري او خوند یې سوډا لرونکو اوبو ته ورته دی. کاربن ډای اکسایډ په معمولي غلظتونو کې بې‌خونده دی.&lt;ref name=&quot;Cambridge2013&quot;&gt;{{cite book|last1=Eggleton|first1=Tony|title=A Short Introduction to Climate Change|date=2013|publisher=Cambridge University Press|page=52|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jeSwRly2M_cC&amp;q=280&amp;pg=PA52|isbn=9781107618763|access-date=9 November 2020|archive-date=23 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210723051807/https://books.google.com/books?id=jeSwRly2M_cC&amp;q=280&amp;pg=PA52|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Carbon Dioxide Concentration|url=https://climate.nasa.gov/vital-signs/carbon-dioxide|access-date=2021-06-23|website=Climate Change: Vital Signs of the Planet|publisher=NASA|archive-date=23 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210623200955/https://climate.nasa.gov/vital-signs/carbon-dioxide/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/carbonated-water-good-or-bad Carbonated (Sparkling) Water: Good or Bad?] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200510064945/https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/carbonated-water-good-or-bad|date=10 May 2020}} healthline.com&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;AirProductsMSDS&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Carbon Dioxide|website=Air Products|url=http://www.airproducts.com/~/media/Files/PDF/company/product-summary-carbon-dioxide.pdf?la=en|access-date=28 April 2017|archive-date=29 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200729131131/http://www.airproducts.com/~/media/Files/PDF/company/product-summary-carbon-dioxide.pdf?la=en|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

د کاربن په څرخه کې د موجود کاربن د سرچینې په توګه د اتومسفیر کاربن ډای اکسایډ د ځمکې پر مخ د ژوند لپاره د کاربن اصلي سرچینه ده او غلظت یې د ځمکې په مخکې صنعتي اتومسفیر کې د پریکامبیرن دورې له وروستیو څخه د فوټوسنټزي موجوداتو او بیولوژيکي پدیدو په مرسته تنظیم شوی دی. نباتات، اوبړۍ او سیانوباکټریا د فوټوسنټېز علمیې له لارې له کاربن ډای اکسایډ او اوبو څخه د کاربوهایډرېټ د سنټېز لپاره د لمر انرژي کاروي او اکسیجن د یوه اضافه محصول په توګه تولیدوي. ټول هوازي موجودات اکسیجن مصرفوي، کاربن ډای اکسایډ ازادېږي او د تنفس له لارې د انرژۍ د تولید لپاره عضوي مرکبات میتابولیز کېږي. دا چې نباتات د فوټوسنټېز عملیې لپاره کاربن ډای اکسایډ ته اړتیا لري او انسانان او حیوانات د خوړو لپاره نباتاتو ته اړتیا لري، نو کاربن ډای اکسایډ د ځمکې پر مخ د ژوند لپاره اړین دی. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|first1=Donald G.|last1=Kaufman|first2=Cecilia M.|last2=Franz|title=Biosphere 2000: protecting our global environment|year=1996|publisher=Kendall/Hunt Pub. Co.|isbn=978-0-7872-0460-0|url=https://archive.org/details/biosphere2000pro0000kauf}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.legacyproject.org/activities/foodfactories.html|title=Food Factories|website=www.legacyproject.org|access-date=10 October 2011|archive-date=12 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170812043852/http://www.legacyproject.org/activities/foodfactories.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

کاربن ډای اکسایډ د کبانو د برانشي له لارې اوبو ته او د انسان په ګډون د هغو ځمکنیو موجوداتو له لارې هوا ته خپرېږي چې تنفس کوي. کاربن ډای اکسایډ د عضوي موادو د خوسا کېدو او په ډوډۍ، بیر او شرابو جوړولو کې د قندونو د تخمیر د پروسو په پایله کې تولیدېيږي. کاربن ډای اکسایډ د لرګیو او نورو عضوي موادو او فوسیلي سون‌توکو لکه د ډبرو سکرو، تېلو او طبیعي ګاز د سوځېدو په مرسته تولیدېږي. دا د اکسیډېشن په اکثرو پروسو کې یو ناغوښتل شوی جانبي محصول دی، لکه د اکریلیک اسید په تولید کې ( چې په کال کې څه باندې 5 میلیونه ټنه دی).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite thesis|author=Lénárd-István Csepei|title=Kinetic studies of propane oxidation on Mo and V based mixed oxide catalysts|date=2011|publisher=Technical University of Berlin|url=https://depositonce.tu-berlin.de/bitstream/11303/3269/1/Dokument_8.pdf|degree=PHD|access-date=9 July 2017|archive-date=30 May 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160530145513/https://depositonce.tu-berlin.de/bitstream/11303/3269/1/Dokument_8.pdf|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|title=Multifunctionality of Crystalline MoV(TeNb) M1 Oxide Catalysts in Selective Oxidation of Propane and Benzyl Alcohol|last11=Schloegl|last8=Naumann d'Alnoncourt|first8=Raoul|last9=Girgsdies|first9=Frank|last10=Prati|first10=Laura|first11=Robert|last7=Wrabetz|last12=Trunschke|first12=Annette|doi=10.1021/cs400010q|access-date=9 July 2017|archive-date=22 October 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181022030814/https://www.researchgate.net/publication/278196177|first7=Sabine|first6=Gisela|journal=ACS Catalysis|first1=Kazuhiko|date=2013|volume=3|issue=6|pages=1103–1113|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/278196177|last1=Amakawa|last2=Kolen'ko|last6=Weinberg|first2=Yury V.|last3=Villa|first3=Alberto|last4=Schuster|first4=Manfred Erwin|last5=Csepei|first5=Lenard-Istvan|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|title=The reaction network in propane oxidation over phase-pure MoVTeNb M1 oxide catalysts|last5=Schuster|url-status=dead|archive-date=15 February 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215104605/http://pubman.mpdl.mpg.de/pubman/item/escidoc:1896844:6/component/escidoc:1896843/JCAT-13-716_revised_06Dec2013.pdf|access-date=9 July 2017|hdl=11858/00-001M-0000-0014-F434-5|year=2014|doi=10.1016/j.jcat.2013.12.008|last7=Trunschke|first7=Annette|last6=Schlögl|first6=Robert|first5=Manfred E.|journal=Journal of Catalysis|last4=Girgsdies|first4=Frank|last3=Hävecker|first3=Michael|last2=Csepei|first2=Lénárd-István|last1=Naumann d’Alnoncourt|first1=Raoul|url=http://pubman.mpdl.mpg.de/pubman/item/escidoc:1896844:6/component/escidoc:1896843/JCAT-13-716_revised_06Dec2013.pdf|pages=369–385|volume=311|hdl-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;

کاربن ډای اکسایډ د ځمکې په اتوموسفیر کې د اوږدمهال مهم ګلخانه‌يي ګاز دی. له صنعتي انقلاب راهیسې د انسانانو له‌خوا د خپرو شویو موادو (تر ډېره د فوسیلي سون‌توکو د کارولو او ځنګلونو وهلو) غلظت په چټکۍ سره په اتوموسفیر کې ډېر شوی او له امله یې د ځمکې کره ګرمه شوې ده. کاربن ډای اکسایډ د سمندر د اسیدي کېدو لامل کېږي، ځکه چې په اوبو کې حلېږي او کاربونیک اسید جوړوي.&lt;ref name=&quot;Tsotsas&quot;&gt;{{cite book|first1=Evangelos|last1=Tsotsas|first2=Arun S.|last2=Mujumdar|title=Modern drying technology|volume=3: Product quality and formulation|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5210HQIwxzsC&amp;pg=PA185|date=2011|publisher=John Wiley &amp; Sons|isbn=978-3-527-31558-1|access-date=3 December 2019|archive-date=21 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200321173739/https://books.google.com/books?id=5210HQIwxzsC&amp;pg=PA185|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last1=Mikhail|first7=M. E.|s2cid=104301429|doi=10.1007/s11144-018-1508-8|pages=629–643|issue=2|volume=126|journal=Reaction Kinetics, Mechanisms and Catalysis|title=Plasma-catalytic hybrid process for CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; methanation: optimization of operation parameters|date=1 April 2019|first8=P.|last8=Da Costa|last7=Gálvez|first1=M.|first6=S.|last6=Ognier|first5=M.|last5=Tatoulian|first4=S.|last4=Cavadias|first3=R.|last3=Jalain|first2=B.|last2=Wang|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.alphagalileo.org/en-gb/Item-Display/ItemId/181983|title=Catalysts for climate protection|date=19 August 2019|access-date=19 October 2019|archive-date=1 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211001061738/https://www.alphagalileo.org/en-gb/Item-Display/ItemId/181983?returnurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.alphagalileo.org%2Fen-gb%2FItem-Display%2FItemId%2F181983|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last1=Voiry|first1=Damien|last2=Shin|first2=Hyeon Suk|last3=Loh|first3=Kian Ping|last4=Chhowalla|first4=Manish|date=2018|title=Low-dimensional catalysts for hydrogen evolution and CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; reduction|journal=Nature Reviews Chemistry|volume=2|issue=1|pages=0105|doi=10.1038/s41570-017-0105}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last2=Yan|doi=10.1038/s41570-019-0128-9|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200315182514/https://www.nature.com/articles/s41570-019-0128-9|archive-date=15 March 2020|access-date=19 October 2019|s2cid=202159972|osti=1580234|issue=11|first1=Elaine|last1=Gomez|pages=638–649|first2=Binhang|volume=3|journal=Nature Reviews Chemistry|url=https://www.nature.com/articles/s41570-019-0128-9|title=Carbon dioxide reduction in tandem with light-alkane dehydrogenation|date=10 September 2019|first4=Jingguang G.|last4=Chen|first3=Shyam|last3=Kattel|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NRC2010&quot;&gt;{{cite book|title=Ocean Acidification: A National Strategy to Meet the Challenges of a Changing Ocean|url=http://www.nap.edu/catalog/12904/ocean-acidification-a-national-strategy-to-meet-the-challenges-of|isbn=978-0-309-15359-1|doi=10.17226/12904|publisher=National Academies Press|location=Washington, DC|date=22 April 2010|access-date=29 February 2016|archive-date=5 February 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160205175823/http://www.nap.edu/catalog/12904/ocean-acidification-a-national-strategy-to-meet-the-challenges-of|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== تاریخچه ==
کاربن ډای اکسایډ لومړنی ګاز و چې د یوې جلا مادې په توګه تعریف شو. د ۱۶۴۰ کال په شاوخوا کې یوه کیمیا پوه «جان باپټېسټ وان هېلمونټ» د لرګیو سکاره په یوه سر پټي لوښي کې وسوځول، ده ولیدل چې د ایرو اندازه تر لومړیو سکرو ډېره کمه ده. ده وانګېرله چې د لرګیو پاتې سکاره په یوه ناڅرګنده ماده بدل شوي، دغه ناڅرګنده ماده یې «ګاز» یا «وحشي روح» (''spiritus sylvestris'') ونوموله.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|title=The Pioneer in the Hygiene of Ventilation|author=DavidFraser Harris|journal=The Lancet|date=September 1910|volume=176|issue=4542|pages=906–908|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(00)52420-9|url=https://zenodo.org/record/2088803|access-date=6 December 2019|archive-date=17 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200317181844/https://zenodo.org/record/2088803|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Almqvist, Ebbe  (2003). ''History of [[Industrial gas|industrial gases]]''. Springer. {{ISBN|978-0-306-47277-0}}. p. 93&lt;/ref&gt;

د کاربن ډای اکسایډ خواص په ۱۷۵۰مه لسیزه کې سکاټلنډي ډاکتر «جوزف بلک» وڅېړل. ده ومونده چې د د ګاز د تولید لپاره د چونې ډبره (کلسیم کاربونېټ) ګرمولای یا له اسیدونو سره تصفیه کولای شو. نوموړي دغه ګاز «ثابته هوا» و نوماوه. ده دا هم ومونده چې ثابته هوا تر هوا غلیظه ده چې نه د اور له لمبې او نه هم د حیواناتو له ژوند سره مرسته کوي. ده ولیدل چې کله د ګاز پوکاڼې د چونې له اوبو (د کلسیم هایدروکسایډ په مرسته مشبوع شوی ابي محلول) تېرېږي، کلسیم کاربونېټ ته رسوب ورکوي. ده غوښتل په دې کار سره وښيي چې کاربن ډای اکسایډ د حیواناتو د تنفس او میکروبي تخمیر له لارې تولیدېږي. په ۱۷۷۲ کال کې انګرېز کیمیاپوه جوزف پرېسټلي «د ثابتې هوا په مرسته د اوبو مشبوع کول» په نامه مقاله خپره کړه، په دې مقاله کې یې د کاربن ډای اکسایډ د تولید او د ګاز د چمتو کولو لپاره پر ګچ د سلفوریک اسید څڅوب پروسه تشرېح کړې وه.  &lt;ref name=&quot;Priestley&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|first1=Joseph|doi=10.1098/rstl.1772.0021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100607170541/http://web.lemoyne.edu/%7Egiunta/priestley.html|archive-date=7 June 2010|access-date=11 October 2007|s2cid=186210131|first2=Wm|last2=Hey|url=http://web.lemoyne.edu/~GIUNTA/priestley.html|last1=Priestley|pages=147–264|year=1772|volume=62|journal=Philosophical Transactions|title=Observations on Different Kinds of Air|author-link=Joseph Priestley|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

کاربن ډای اکسایډ د لومړي ځل لپاره په ۱۸۲۳ کال کې د «هامفري ډيوي» او «مایل فاراډي» له‌خوا (په لوړو فشارونو سره) پر مایع بدل شو. د جامد کاربن ډای اکسایډ (وچ یخک) لومړنۍ تشرېح فرانسوي مخترع «اډرین جین پیر تیلوریه» وکړه.&lt;ref name=&quot;Davy&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|first=Humphry|last=Davy|author-link=Humphry Davy|title=On the Application of Liquids Formed by the Condensation of Gases as Mechanical Agents|url=https://archive.org/details/jstor-107649|jstor=107649|journal=Philosophical Transactions|volume=113|year=1823|pages=199–205|doi=10.1098/rstl.1823.0020|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|last1=Thilorier|first1=Adrien-Jean-Pierre|year=1835|title=Solidification de l'Acide carbonique|url=http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k29606/f194.item|journal=Comptes Rendus|volume=1|pages=194–196|access-date=1 September 2017|archive-date=2 September 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170902172202/http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k29606/f194.item|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|year=1836|title=Solidification of carbonic acid|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4GwqAAAAYAAJ&amp;pg=PA446|journal=The London and Edinburgh Philosophical Magazine|volume=8|issue=48|pages=446–447|doi=10.1080/14786443608648911|access-date=15 November 2015|archive-date=2 May 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160502065711/https://books.google.com/books?id=4GwqAAAAYAAJ&amp;pg=PA446|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== تجرید او تولید ==
کاربن ډای اکسایډ له هوا څخه د تقطیر په مرسته ترلاسه کولی شو، خو دا طریقه مؤثره نه ده. له صنعتي پلوه کاربن ډای اکسایډ تر ډېره بیا نه ترلاسه کېدونکی اضافي محصول دی چې په بېلابېلو طریقو سره تولیدېږي او ښايي په بېلابېلو اندازو وکتل شي. &lt;ref name=&quot;kirk&quot;&gt;{{cite encyclopedia|first=Ronald|last=Pierantozzi|encyclopedia=Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology|publisher=Wiley|year=2001|doi=10.1002/0471238961.0301180216090518.a01.pub2|chapter=Carbon Dioxide|isbn=978-0-471-23896-6}}&lt;/ref&gt;

د ټولو کاربن لرونکو سون‌توکو سوځېدل لکه میتان (طبیعي ګاز)، نفتي تقطیرونه (بېټرول، ډیزل، د خاور تېل، پروپان)، د ډبرو سکاره، لرګي او نور عمومي عضوي مواد کاربن ډای اکسایډ او په ځینو مواردو کې خالص کاربن او اوبه تولیدوي. د بېلګې په توګه د میتان او اکسیجن تر منځ کیمیاوي جوړجاړی یا تعامل:

CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;+2 O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;  → CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; + 2 H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O

په ۸۵۰ سانتي ګرېد (۱۵۶۰ فارنهایټ) درجو حرارت سره د چونې د ډبرې &lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;CaCO له حرارتي تجزیې څخه کلسیم اکسایډ تولیدیږي چې دا مرکب په صنعتي کچه ډېر کارېږي. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Strassburger|first=Julius|title=Blast Furnace Theory and Practice|publisher=American Institute of Mining, Metallurgical, and Petroleum Engineers|place=New York|year=1969|isbn=978-0-677-10420-1}}&lt;/ref&gt;

CaCO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; → CaO + CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;

کاربن ډای اکسایډ د امونیا په تولید کې د بخار د ریفارمېنګ (بدلولو) او د اوبو د ګاز ځای پر ځای کولو په تعامل کې د هایدروجن د صنعتي تولید جانبي محصول دی. دغه پروسې د اوبو او طبیعي ګاز (میتان) له تعامل سره یوځای پیلېږي. دا په بیر او نورو ګاز لرونکو څښاکونو کې د کاربني کولو لپاره د غذايي درجې د کاربن ډای اکسایډ اصلي سرچینه ده. د ۲۰۱۸ کال په اوړي کې په اروپا کې د لنډمهالې ساتنې لپاره د امونیا د څو کارخونو د بندېدو له امله کاربن ډای اکسایډ کم شو. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|doi=10.1002/14356007.a05_165|chapter=Carbon Dioxide|title=Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry|year=2000|last1=Topham|first1=Susan|isbn=3527306730}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; shortage: Food industry calls for government action|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/business-44559669|agency=BBC|date=21 June 2018|access-date=24 June 2018|archive-date=23 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523150103/https://www.bbc.com/news/business-44559669|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

اسیدونه له اکثرو فلزي کاربونېټونو څخه کاربن ډای اکسایډ ازادوي. په پایله کې ښايي په مستقیم ډول د کاربن ډای اکسایډ له طبیعي چینو څخه ترلاسه شي چې هلته د چونې پر ډبره یا ډولوميټ د اسیدي شویو اوبو د اغېز له امله تولیدېږي. لاندې د هایدروکلوریک اسید او کلسیم کاربونېټ (د چونې یا ګچ ډبره) تر منځ تعامل ښودل شوی:

CaCO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; +2 HCl → CaCl&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; + H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;CO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;

وروسته بیا کاربونیک اسید (H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;CO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;) په اوبو او کاربن ډای اکسایډ تجزیه کېږي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Facts About Landfill Gas|publisher=U.S. Environmental Protection Agency|url=http://www.dem.ri.gov/programs/benviron/waste/central/lfgfact.pdf|date=January 2000|access-date=4 September 2015|archive-date=23 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923213448/http://www.dem.ri.gov/programs/benviron/waste/central/lfgfact.pdf|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Collecting and using biogas from landfills|publisher=U.S. Energy Information Administration|url=http://www.eia.gov/Energyexplained/?page=biomass_biogas|date=11 January 2017|access-date=22 November 2015|archive-date=11 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180711073415/https://www.eia.gov/Energyexplained/?page=biomass_biogas|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;CO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; → CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; + H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O

== کارونه (استفاده) ==
کاربن ډای اکسایډ په خوراکي، تېلي او کیمیاوي صنایعو کې کارول کېږي. له دغه مرکب نه بېلابېلې سوداګریزې استفادې کېږي، په لویه کچه د ګاز لرونکو څښاکونو په تولید کې د کیمیاوي مادې په توګه کارېږي.&lt;ref name=&quot;kirk2&quot;&gt;{{cite encyclopedia|first=Ronald|last=Pierantozzi|encyclopedia=Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology|publisher=Wiley|year=2001|doi=10.1002/0471238961.0301180216090518.a01.pub2|chapter=Carbon Dioxide|isbn=978-0-471-23896-6}}&lt;/ref&gt;

په کیمیاوي صنایعو کې کاربن ډای اکسایډ تر ډېره د یوې جوړوونکې مادې په توګه د یوریا په تولید کې کارول کېږي او کمه اندازه یې د میتانول او ډېرو نورو محصولاتو د تولید لپاره کارول کېږي. د کاربوکسیلیک اسید ځينې نور مشتقات لکه سودیم سالسیلېټ د کاربن ډای اکسایډ په کارولو  سره د کولبي – سکمېټ تعامل [یو کیمیاوی تعامل دی] په مرسته جوړېږي.

== سرچینې == 

==کشف==

[[وېشنيزه:کیمیا]]
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    <title>د کارن خبرې اترې:Nicu Farcaș</title>
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      <comment>MdsShakil د [[د کارن خبرې اترې:Nicu farcas]] مخ [[د کارن خبرې اترې:Nicu Farcaș]] ته ولېږداوه: Automatically moved page while renaming the user &quot;[[Special:CentralAuth/Nicu farcas|Nicu farcas]]&quot; to &quot;[[Special:CentralAuth/Nicu Farcaș|Nicu Farcaș]]&quot;</comment>
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      <comment>QueerEcofeminist د [[د کارن خبرې اترې:Iylaq]] مخ [[د کارن خبرې اترې:A154]] ته ولېږداوه: Automatically moved page while renaming the user &quot;[[Special:CentralAuth/Iylaq|Iylaq]]&quot; to &quot;[[Special:CentralAuth/A154|A154]]&quot;</comment>
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    <title>ډاکتر رمضان بشردوست</title>
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      <text bytes="7357" xml:space="preserve">ډاکتر رمضان بشردوست  افغان سیاستوال، د سیاسي علومو کارپوه، د افغانستان د پلان پخوانی وزیر او په ولسي جرګه کې د خلکو پخوانی استازی دی.
[[دوتنه:Dr_Ramzan_Basher_Dost.jpg|بټنوک| ډاکتر رمضان بشردوست]]

== مخینه ==
ډاکتر محمد رمضان بشر دوست په کال ۱۳۴۰هـ ش کې د غزني ولایت د قره باغ په ولسوالۍ کې نړی ته سترګې پرانستلې، د نوموړي د پلار نوم محمد علي دی، چې پخوا یو دولتي کارکونکی وو.نوموړي خپلې لومړنۍ او منځنۍ زده کړې په غزني او میمنه کې تر سره کړې.

== زدکړې ==
نوموړي خپلې لومړنۍ او منځنۍ زده کړې په غزني او میمنه کې تر سره کړې، هغه مهال چې کله په هېواد کې د ثور انقلاب وشو، نو دوه میاشتې وروسته بشردوست ایران ته ولاړ او هلته یې زده کړې وکړې او ډيپلوم یې تر لاسه کړ بیا وروسته پاکستان ته مهاجر شو، بیا فرانسې هېواد ته ستون شو او هلته یې سیاسي پناه واخستله او په ۱۳۶۱هـ ش کال د یژن ښار د ادبیاتو پوهنځۍ ته شامل شو، دوه کاله وروسته یې د فرانسوي ژبې د عملي زده کړې سند ترلاسه کړ او په ۱۳۶۴هـ ش کال کې دفرانسې د ګرونو لوبل ښار پوهنتون د حقوقو او ساسي علومو پوهنځۍ ته شامل شو، په ۱۳۶۸هـ ش کال کې له یادې پوهنځۍ څخه یې د ماستري سند ترلاسه کړ او په کال ۱۳۶۹هـ ش کې د پاریس د ژان موني پوهنتون څخه د ډیپلوماسي په برخه کې د تخصص ډيپلومه تر لاسه کړه. په ۱۳۷۱هـ ش کال کې د تولوز پوهنتون ته شامل شو او د مافوق سند یې تر لاسه کړ، چې وروسته بیا په ۱۳۷۴هـ ش کال کې د یاد پوهنتون څخه د حقوقو اوسیاسي علومو په برخه کې د دوکتورا په اخستلو بریالی شو. همدارنګه د اکسفورډ د OISE  او GEOS د انګلیسي ژبې له اکاډمیو څخه یې هم سندونه ترلاسه کړل.

== دندې ==
نوموړي د ( ۱۳۷۵- ۱۳۸۲ ) هـ ش کلونو تر منځ د پاریس په پوهنتون کې د استاد په توګه کار وکړ، همدارنګه په ۱۳۸۱هـ ش کال کې په فرانسه کې د افغان سفارت د کار کونکي په توګه پاته شو. بیا هېواد ته راستون شو او د نړیوالو کنفرانسونو په برخه کې د ملګرو ملتونو د سازمان د ډيپارتمنت مرستیال شو، وروسته بیا د هېواد بهرنیو چارو وزارت کي د اروپایي هېوادونو د سیاسي ډیپارټمنت مدیر شو، بیا د ۱۳۸۲ هـ ش کال په پای کې د پلان وزیر شو، چې په یاد وزارت کې یې د ۱۹۵۰  NGO ګانو د انحلال لپاره ګام اوچت کړ ، خو بریالی نشو او له یاد وزارت څخه یې استعفا وکړه. بیاه د څه مودې لپاره د کاپیساه البیروني پوهنتون د حقوقو او سیاسي علومو پوهنځۍ د استاد په توګه پاته شو،

== پارلیماني سیاست ==
په  ۱۳۸۴هـ ش کال کې د د ولسي جرګې ټاکنو کې یې له کابل څخه د مخکښ نوماند په توګه ولسي جرګې ته لاره پیدا کړه او د هېواد په پارلمان کې یې د يوه پیاوړي وکیل په توګه د خلکو د ازاد، خواخوږي او اصلاح غوښتونکي  رسا غږ  په  ډول ځان را څرګند کړ، په یاد ډګر کې ښه و ځلیدل، د یادونې وړده چې د نورو نوماندانو سره په توپیر نوموړي خپله مبارزه او سیالي له یوې خېمې څخه پیل کړه او له بریا څخه وروسته یې هم یاده خېمه په پارلمان کې د مجلس د ودانۍ مخکې جوړه او له خپلو خلکو سره به یې پکې لیده کاته کول، همدارنګه نوموړی د نورو وکیلانو سره په توپیر زرهي  موټرونه، لسګونه ساتونکي او د تشریفاتو دبدبه نلري. نوموړی په پارلمان کې د پارلماني غړیو لپاره د کم معاش چې د عادي کارکونکو د معاش براروي، پلوي کونکی ده او په ډېری نورو مواردو کې د حکومت سرخت مخالف وکیل ده، چې  تل د ظلم، استبداد، زور واکي او قانون ماتوني په برخه  کې په حکومت او یادو عاملینو سختي نیوکې کوي، د خپل معاش ډېری برخه بې وزلو خلکو سره په مرسته کولو کې مصرفوي. نوموړي یوځل د جمهوري ریاست لپاره ځان نوماند کړ او دېری رایې یې خپلې کړې، خو بریالی نشو ولي له مخکښونوماندانو څخه وو، همدارنګه د ۱۳۸۹هـ ش کال په پارلماني ټاکنو کې یو ځل بیا د شپاړسمې دورې لپاره ځان نوماند کړ او دا ځل بیا هم د کابل د نجیبو خلکو د ملاتړ او محبوبیت له کبله بریالی شو او د خلکو د ویاړلي استازي په توګه یې ویاړلي مبارزه وکړه. ښاغلي بشردوست په هېواد کې دملي یو والي حکومت په جوړیدو سره بیاه هم د یاد حکومت مخالفت وکړ او تل به یې د حکوت  د مشرانو کړني انتقاد کولې او په هېواد کې د سترو اصلاحاتو غوښتونکی وو، همدرانګه د هېواد ۱۳۹۸هـ ش کال په پارلماني ټاکنو کې هم ښاغلي رمضان بشر دوست د ۵۹۸۳ رایو په اخستلو سره بیا د هېواد ملي شوار ته لار پیدا کړه.او لا هم پرخپل ملی لیدلوري او هېواد پالونکي دریځ ولاړ ده او خپله مبارزه د پیاوړي وکیل په توګه مخته وړي.

== چاپ اثار ==
ښاغلی بشر دوست د لاندېني چاپ اثار لري. 

۱. قوانین اساسی تاریخ، نظام های سیاسی و روابط ډیپلوماتیک افغانستان از عهد احمدشاه بابا تا اکنون (فرانسوي ژبه)

۲. دیبلوماسي وجنګ در افغانستان، نقش سازمان ملل متحد در مقابل مداخله شوروی در افغانستان، حقوق اساسي، سستم سیاسي و روابط بین الملل افغانستان   (فرانسوي ژبه)

== اخځلیک ==
بشیري، عبدالجمیل، د غزني نومیالي، لومړی ټوک، ۱۳۹-۱۴۲مخونه، ۱۴۰۰ه ش، نور خپرندویه ټولنه، کابل.</text>
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    <title>د کتابونو پېژندل</title>
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      <text bytes="15034" xml:space="preserve">{{ړنگول|مخ په بشپړه توګه د يوې وېبپاڼې کاپي ده - [[User:Af420|&lt;b style=&quot;font-family:Segoe print;color:black&quot;&gt;Af420&lt;/b&gt;]]&lt;sup&gt;[[User talk:Af420|&lt;b style=&quot;font-family:Amiri;color:black&quot;&gt; دلته زما څخه پوښتنه وکړئ...&lt;/b&gt;]]&lt;/sup&gt; ۰۰:۳۱, ۲۶ اگسټ ۲۰۲۲ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|‌‌‌‌'''نړیوال ‌وخت''']])}}
په دې لړ کې، غواړم چې د کتابونو بېلګي وڅیړم، د [[پوهنتون]] کتابونه په څو بېلګو وېشل کېږي، د کتابونو د بېلګو پیژندل او له هغو څخه ګټه تر لاسه کول، د ګټې پورته کوونې کړنلاره په ګټه وره بڼه ستاسو په وړاندې ، وړاندې کوم،

== د کتابونو بېلګې: ==

=== لومړی :- [[TEXT]] کتابونه ( درسي کتابونه ) ===
د TEXT وییکی ، وۍ یا لغات له [[TEXTURE]] څخه اخیستل شوی چې د اوبدل شوي ( اوبدل شوی) په مانا سره دی. د TEXT اصطیلاح د هغه کتابونو لپاره په کار وړل کېږي، چې په هغه کې ټولې کوچنۍ ( جزئې ) ټکي په کې د نظر لاندې نیولي وي، او د بېلا بېلو معلوماتو د رسولو او څرګندولو لپاره ترې ګټه پورته کېږي.

=== دوېیم :- اخذلیکي، مرجع کتابونه، ماخذ کتابونه یا ورګرځوني ([[REFERENCES]] ) ===
د REFERENCES وییکی یا وۍ له REFEREE څخه اخیستل شوی دی چې د حواله ورکړونکي، نفري، ښوونکي په مانا سره دی، ماخذ کتابونه هغه دي چې ښوونکی صیب یې د ازموینې لپاره د منلو او نه منلو ( تائید او رد) لپاره جوړ کړي وي.

پرته له دې څخه چې کوم بېلابېل نظریې چې پر دو کې روښانه شوي وي ښوونکی صیب یې د منلو وړ بولي.

=== درېیم :- اړین کتابونه، د ضرورت کتابونه، اصلي کتابونه، اساسي کتابونه ([[ESSENTIALS]] ) ===
هغه بنیادي کتابونه دي چې د هغه څخه د نورو کتابونو د جوړښت لپاره ترې ګټه اخیستل کېږي، یا هغه کتابونه دي چې استعمال د موضوعاتو په کې واضع شوی وي ( د موخو کړنلاره په کې روښانه شوي وي). په دغه بڼه کتابونو کې جزئیات ( کوچنۍ برخې) روښانه شوي نه وي، بلکې هغه موضعات تر څیړنې لاندې نیسې ، چې د هغه پوهیدل لازمي او ضروري وي. له دې نه پرته داکتابونه د ډله ایزه موخې او اړتیاوي ځانګړي کوي یا اسانه کوي ( څو تنه چې په ټولی ډول سره یوه موضع روښانه کوي)

=== څلورم :- جیبي کتابونه ([[POCKET BOOKS]]) ===
دا کتابونه اکثراً په قیمتي جواهرو، غمی یا جیبي کتابونو باندې یادیږي BOOKS GEM POCKET

هغه کتابونه دي چې لنډ پرې شوي وي او د جیب لپاره جوړ شوي وي، په داسې کتابونو کې ځانګړی مطلب تر څیړني لاندې نیسې او په دې کتابونو کې اساسي برخوته نغوته نوي شوي. ( په داسې کتابونو کې خاص مطلب تر مطالعی لاندې نیسې، په هغه کې اساسي جزیعاتو ته اشاره نوي شوي.)

کتاب : د یونسکو تعریف له مخې کتاب یوه منبع ده چې څه نه څه ۴۸ چوپړي ( پاڼې، صفحې) بېل شوی وي. لیکونکي او لیکونکو پورې تړلی وي، او په هغه کې مطلب چې لا پخوا خلکو ځانګړی کړی وي لیکلړ کېږي او د نورو خلکو په واسطه راټولیږي او ځینګرکېږي ( ګڼکېږي ).

SHEPHERD JF. COLLAGE STUDY SKILLS. 6TH ED BOSTON : HOUGHTON MIFFLIN COMPANY 1996:163- 184

د ژباړې منبع انجینر صفی الله فردوس ۰۸/ ۰۱/ ۱۳۸۵ لېږدیز لمریز کال.

کله چې له کتاب څخه ګټه پورته ( استفاده) کوئ، دې ته ځېر شئ ( توجع وکړئ ) چې لیکوونکي د چاپ لپاره ډیر وخت ورکړی ؤ، له دې پرته ځینې معلومات لومړی له دې څخه چې دا کتابتون ته را ورسیږي. تاریخ پرې ټاپن کېږي.

دا ټکې ډیر غوره دې چې هغه تخصصي موضعات چې د هغه معلومات په څڅبېکي( تیز، رټ) ډول د ادب داړه مارانو له لورې غلا کېږي ( اضافه کېږي) ډیر اړین دي.

==== له دې پرته د کتاب د چاپ پیخلیک ( تاریخ ) ته نظر ( توجع ) وکړئ، ====
مخکې له دې چې هر کتاب له ځان سره وساتۍ د هغه کتاب ارځښت له ځان سره و ارزوئ. او ځینې نور معیارونه دې چې تاسو ته په کتاب باندې د قضاوت کولو پرېکړه په لاس در کوي هغه په لاندې ډول دي:-

==== د عنوان پاڼه :- ====
د عنوان چوپړی ( پاڼه، مخ) شاید څه نه څه څوهټ ( عبث) وي ولی په پوهیدلو د کتاب د اصلي موضع کې له تاسو سره مرسته کوي.

==== لیکلړ:- ====
کله چې د یو ځانګړي مطلب ( خاص مطلب ) لپاره سرګران یو غښتلي ده چې د کتاب لیکلړ INDEX څخه استفاده وکړو، لیکلړ څحبېکی ( ګړندی) بڼه د معلوماتو د پیداکولو سطحه څوونه ( په زړه پوري) کوي. څو تر څو ( ترځوپورې) د تصنیف حق COPYRIGHT کېږي. او هره منتحا د چوپړو په ګڼونو سره را په ګوته کوي ( هر پاینی مطلب د پاڼو د شمار سره را په ګوته کوي).

==== ننه توزي ( مخکې وینا ، سریزه، پیلیزه، یا مقدمه ) :- ====
په دې برخه کې لیکونکی علت د لیکو د کتاب، د زده کړې کچه ، د خلکو نوع چې د هغو لپاره لیکل شوی ، ورسره د ګټې اخستنې کړنلاره ( استفاده ) او ګټې پورته کولو کړنلاره ( استعمال) د کتاب باندې رڼا اچولی وي.

==== لیکونکي نوم:- ====
د لیکونکي له نوم څخه کولی شو، وپوهېږو لیکونکی په دې ځانګړې برخه کې برابره ( زمینه کې کافی ) تجربه لري او کنه ؟

او که لیکونکی نه پیژنۍ نو د هغه تجربو ته خاص نظر وکړئ او دا تجربه کېدای شي دې مفهوم ته ورسیږي چې دغه لیکونکی په لیکلو د دغه کتاب لپاره اماده ګی در لودله او کنه ؟

داسې تجربې اکثر ډول د عنوان ورقی کې د لیکونکي د نوم لاندې یا دکتاب په ننه توزي ( سریزه) کې ورته پام یا توجع شوي وي.

==== خپرندو نوم ( نشره ونکي نوم ) :- ====
ځینې خپرندوی ( نشره ونکي ) په بېلابېلو برخو ( مختلفو ډولونو ) کې د کتاب د چاپولو تخصص لري، نو د دې لپاره د خپرندوی نوم یو غوره (مهم) معلومات د کتاب د څه رنګوالي (کیفیت) لپاره دی.

=== د مؤلف حق :- ===
اکثراً پر سټ یا شاه د عنوان په پاڼې چاپ کېږي، او دا را په ګوته کوي چې کتاب تېریږي او کنه؟ د بېلګې په بڼه C 1998 یعنی دا کتاب په 1998 کال کې له چاپ څخه سلامت راوتلی دی،

په ډیرو موضعاتو کې اړینه او غوره ده چې پاینۍ ( اخیرنۍ ) چوپړی ( پاڼه ، مخ، صفحه) د کتاب ولولو، سر بېره پردې د کتاپ د وار ګڼه هم راغلي وي چې څو واري له چاپه رمټ راوتلی دی، پاینۍ چوپړی د یو کتاب دا راڅرګندوي چې دا کتاب یو ښکاروندی (سټنډارډ ، معیاري) منبع لري. او برابر د باور وړ خاوند دی، او همدارنګه د کتاب د بیا چاپ کیدو پیخلیک کې کوی شو خپلي ټنټي ته لاس پورته کړو او د ورستي لرلید ( راتلونکي بڼه) یې له څو کاله ورسته بازار ته بیا راوځي ،

د بېلګې په بڼه که چېرې د کتاب نه لومړی © بیا ګڼه ( عداد، شمېر) ۱۳۶۸، ۱۳۷۲،۱۳۷۷، ۱۳۸۱ لیکل شوی وي ، ځېر کېږو چې دا کتاب نږدې په هرو څلورو کلو کې یو ځل له چاپ څخه را وتی او اټکل ( احتمال) لري چې په کال ۱۳۸۵ کې یو ځل بیا له چاپ څخه را ووځي.

== دریم نوم د [[قرآن کریم|قران]] چې دی هغه [[الکتاب]] یا کتاب دی : – ==
الکتاب ۶۸ ځایه په قران کې راغلی دی ، سورت بقرا کې ۲ ایت:- ژباړه؛ دا کتاب چې دی په دې کې شک نشته دی ( چې د رب العلمین له لوري دي نه وي راغلی).

العمران ۷ نمبر ایت:- ژباړه ؛ الله دی چې لیږلی یې دی تا ته کتاب چه ځینې له ده نه آیتونه دې چې مانا یې ښکاره ده( محکمات)، دا ایاتونه اصل د کتاب دی ( چې د شریعت احکامو بنسټ دی) او نور یې هغه ایاتونه دي چې مانایې معلومه او څرګنده نه ده ( متشها بهات)،

سورت عنکبوت کې نمبر۴۵ ایت:- ژباړه؛ ولوله ( ای محمده) هغه چې وحی شوي ده تاته له کتاب نه ، او کلک کوه لمونځ ( سم کوه له ټولو حقوقو سره )، بیشکه لمونځ منع کوي له بی حیایۍ او ناوړه کارو څخه، او اړین دي یادول د لوی الله او الله ته معلوم دي هر هغه عمل چې کوئ یې تاسو.

=== په همدې ایاتونو باندې الله عظیم د قران نوم په الکتاب باندې اخستی دی (کتاب، الکتاب، چې انګلېسې ژباړه یې ( [[THE BOOK]] ده. ===
داچې کتاب له څلورو ابیثو ( الفابا ) څخه جوړ دی ک – ت – ا- ب ، او څلور مانا لري لومړی: کتاب په مانا د لیکل شوي، دویم یوځی کولو، دریم په مانا د فرض شوي څلورم په مانا د حکم باندې. نو کتاب په مانا د لیکلو باندې ، کتاب په مانا د جمع والي باندې، کتاب په مانا د فرض شوي باندې ، کتاب په مانا د حکم باندې.

=== :- کتاب په مانا د [[لیکل شوي]] باندې ده؛ ===
اوس دا چې الکتاب ورته ولې وایي، کتاب مصدر دی د کاتبه، یکتوبو، نه ، نصره ، ینصرو باندې قیاس دی ،مصدر یې راځي کتاب، خو په مساجدو کې د عربو قانون دا دی، چې دا مصدر کله مسنیدالمفعود جوړیږي، نو کتاب په مانا د مکتوب باندې یاني لیکل شوی،

قران کریم ته کتاب ولي وایي؟. ځکه دا ثابته خبره ده چې قران کریم له راتلو نه وړاندې همدغه مرتب شکل باندې په لوح محفوظ کې لیکل شوی وو، نو په دې خاطر ور ته کتاب وایي. او بل د نزول نه ورسته د رسول الله ص په شتون او لارښونه کې د کاتبینو د وحي په واسطه باندې لیکل شوی وو، ځکه ورته کتاب وایې ،

==== کتاب په مانا د یوځی کولو باندې ده؛ ====
له دې خاطره عربي ژبه کې لښکر ته کتیبه ویل کېږي ، خطیب انصار هغه وخت سره په مدینه منوره کې چې د خلافت مسله را پیدا شوله او داچې خلیفه به دې چا نه وي، دې کې لږ لږ غوندې خبرې راپیدا شوي. نو خطیب انصار را پاسیده او وویل : نحنو کتیبه اسلامی، ( موږ د اسلام لښکر یو) لښکر ته په دې خاطر کتیبه وویل کېږي چې د هغې وکړي هم یوځی روان وي او یوځی هستوګنه هم کوي، قران کریم ته په همدې خاطر هم کتاب وایې چې سورتونه یې سره یوځای شوي دي، ایاتونه یې یو بل سره یو کړل شوي دي، په دې خاطر ورته الکتاب وایي.

بله دا ده چې قران کریم ته د دې خاطره کتاب وایي ( فلیجمه انواع العلومی) د دې خاطره قران مختلف علوم راجمع کړي دي، قصص دې اخبار دې، په بهترینه بڼه طریقه باندې . امام جوهري وایي چې قران کریم ته په دې خاطر کتاب وایي چې لیکلی هم دی او جمع شوی هم دی،

==== :- کتاب په مانا د فرضو باندې ده ؛ ====
لکه څنګه چې الله تعالی په خپله په قران کریم کې وایي : ( کتبه علیکم صیام کما کتیبه الی الذین من قبلیکم) دلته په مانا د فرض باندې. بل ( کتاب الله علیکم ) فرض شوی حکم د الله دی په تاسو باندې،

==== :- کتاب په مانا د حکم باندې ده؛ ====
یو حدیث کې راځي چې رسول الله ص ته دوه کسان راغلي دي او رسول الله ص ورته وایي ( له اقضین بینکم بی کتاب الله) : رسول الله هغو ته وویل چې زه به ستاسو په منځ کې د الله په حکم پرېکړه کوم.

د انسانانو او پیریانو د بریالیتوب ، بریا ، خوښۍ او سرلوړۍ کتاب پر دنیا او اخیرت کتاب د الله دی، غوږ ورته ونیسئ، وایي ورئ، یاد یې کړي او ځان پرې وپوهوئ [ پښتو ژباړه او تفسیر ( ژباړنه، شرحې) سره. ]

په ۲۰۰۴ لېږدي کې مې د کتابونو پېژندل&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web}}&lt;/ref&gt;و لېکنه ما اېنجېنر صفی الله فردوس کښلې او په ویبپاڼو خپره شوي.[https://www.nunn.asia/78913/%D8%AF-%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%86%D9%88-%D9%BE%DB%90%DA%98%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%84]  

== اخځوک ==
&lt;references group=&quot;https://www.nunn.asia/78913/%D8%AF-%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%86%D9%88-%D9%BE%DB%90%DA%98%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%84&quot; /&gt;</text>
      <sha1>8fe1ept1776zfv700067kdha1y0ygbw</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>284882</id>
      <parentid>284881</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-26T00:35:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Af420</username>
        <id>12804</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="15198" xml:space="preserve">{{ړنگول|مخ په بشپړه توګه د يوې وېبپاڼې د لیکنې کاپي ده چي سرلیک او سرچینه یې دغه ده؛ [https://www.nunn.asia/78913/د-کتابونو-پېژندل/amp/  د کتابونو پېژندل]- [[User:Af420|&lt;b style=&quot;font-family:Segoe print;color:black&quot;&gt;Af420&lt;/b&gt;]]&lt;sup&gt;[[User talk:Af420|&lt;b style=&quot;font-family:Amiri;color:black&quot;&gt; دلته زما څخه پوښتنه وکړئ...&lt;/b&gt;]]&lt;/sup&gt; ۰۰:۳۱, ۲۶ اگسټ ۲۰۲۲ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|‌‌‌‌'''نړیوال ‌وخت''']])}}
په دې لړ کې، غواړم چې د کتابونو بېلګي وڅیړم، د [[پوهنتون]] کتابونه په څو بېلګو وېشل کېږي، د کتابونو د بېلګو پیژندل او له هغو څخه ګټه تر لاسه کول، د ګټې پورته کوونې کړنلاره په ګټه وره بڼه ستاسو په وړاندې ، وړاندې کوم،

== د کتابونو بېلګې: ==

=== لومړی :- [[TEXT]] کتابونه ( درسي کتابونه ) ===
د TEXT وییکی ، وۍ یا لغات له [[TEXTURE]] څخه اخیستل شوی چې د اوبدل شوي ( اوبدل شوی) په مانا سره دی. د TEXT اصطیلاح د هغه کتابونو لپاره په کار وړل کېږي، چې په هغه کې ټولې کوچنۍ ( جزئې ) ټکي په کې د نظر لاندې نیولي وي، او د بېلا بېلو معلوماتو د رسولو او څرګندولو لپاره ترې ګټه پورته کېږي.

=== دوېیم :- اخذلیکي، مرجع کتابونه، ماخذ کتابونه یا ورګرځوني ([[REFERENCES]] ) ===
د REFERENCES وییکی یا وۍ له REFEREE څخه اخیستل شوی دی چې د حواله ورکړونکي، نفري، ښوونکي په مانا سره دی، ماخذ کتابونه هغه دي چې ښوونکی صیب یې د ازموینې لپاره د منلو او نه منلو ( تائید او رد) لپاره جوړ کړي وي.

پرته له دې څخه چې کوم بېلابېل نظریې چې پر دو کې روښانه شوي وي ښوونکی صیب یې د منلو وړ بولي.

=== درېیم :- اړین کتابونه، د ضرورت کتابونه، اصلي کتابونه، اساسي کتابونه ([[ESSENTIALS]] ) ===
هغه بنیادي کتابونه دي چې د هغه څخه د نورو کتابونو د جوړښت لپاره ترې ګټه اخیستل کېږي، یا هغه کتابونه دي چې استعمال د موضوعاتو په کې واضع شوی وي ( د موخو کړنلاره په کې روښانه شوي وي). په دغه بڼه کتابونو کې جزئیات ( کوچنۍ برخې) روښانه شوي نه وي، بلکې هغه موضعات تر څیړنې لاندې نیسې ، چې د هغه پوهیدل لازمي او ضروري وي. له دې نه پرته داکتابونه د ډله ایزه موخې او اړتیاوي ځانګړي کوي یا اسانه کوي ( څو تنه چې په ټولی ډول سره یوه موضع روښانه کوي)

=== څلورم :- جیبي کتابونه ([[POCKET BOOKS]]) ===
دا کتابونه اکثراً په قیمتي جواهرو، غمی یا جیبي کتابونو باندې یادیږي BOOKS GEM POCKET

هغه کتابونه دي چې لنډ پرې شوي وي او د جیب لپاره جوړ شوي وي، په داسې کتابونو کې ځانګړی مطلب تر څیړني لاندې نیسې او په دې کتابونو کې اساسي برخوته نغوته نوي شوي. ( په داسې کتابونو کې خاص مطلب تر مطالعی لاندې نیسې، په هغه کې اساسي جزیعاتو ته اشاره نوي شوي.)

کتاب : د یونسکو تعریف له مخې کتاب یوه منبع ده چې څه نه څه ۴۸ چوپړي ( پاڼې، صفحې) بېل شوی وي. لیکونکي او لیکونکو پورې تړلی وي، او په هغه کې مطلب چې لا پخوا خلکو ځانګړی کړی وي لیکلړ کېږي او د نورو خلکو په واسطه راټولیږي او ځینګرکېږي ( ګڼکېږي ).

SHEPHERD JF. COLLAGE STUDY SKILLS. 6TH ED BOSTON : HOUGHTON MIFFLIN COMPANY 1996:163- 184

د ژباړې منبع انجینر صفی الله فردوس ۰۸/ ۰۱/ ۱۳۸۵ لېږدیز لمریز کال.

کله چې له کتاب څخه ګټه پورته ( استفاده) کوئ، دې ته ځېر شئ ( توجع وکړئ ) چې لیکوونکي د چاپ لپاره ډیر وخت ورکړی ؤ، له دې پرته ځینې معلومات لومړی له دې څخه چې دا کتابتون ته را ورسیږي. تاریخ پرې ټاپن کېږي.

دا ټکې ډیر غوره دې چې هغه تخصصي موضعات چې د هغه معلومات په څڅبېکي( تیز، رټ) ډول د ادب داړه مارانو له لورې غلا کېږي ( اضافه کېږي) ډیر اړین دي.

==== له دې پرته د کتاب د چاپ پیخلیک ( تاریخ ) ته نظر ( توجع ) وکړئ، ====
مخکې له دې چې هر کتاب له ځان سره وساتۍ د هغه کتاب ارځښت له ځان سره و ارزوئ. او ځینې نور معیارونه دې چې تاسو ته په کتاب باندې د قضاوت کولو پرېکړه په لاس در کوي هغه په لاندې ډول دي:-

==== د عنوان پاڼه :- ====
د عنوان چوپړی ( پاڼه، مخ) شاید څه نه څه څوهټ ( عبث) وي ولی په پوهیدلو د کتاب د اصلي موضع کې له تاسو سره مرسته کوي.

==== لیکلړ:- ====
کله چې د یو ځانګړي مطلب ( خاص مطلب ) لپاره سرګران یو غښتلي ده چې د کتاب لیکلړ INDEX څخه استفاده وکړو، لیکلړ څحبېکی ( ګړندی) بڼه د معلوماتو د پیداکولو سطحه څوونه ( په زړه پوري) کوي. څو تر څو ( ترځوپورې) د تصنیف حق COPYRIGHT کېږي. او هره منتحا د چوپړو په ګڼونو سره را په ګوته کوي ( هر پاینی مطلب د پاڼو د شمار سره را په ګوته کوي).

==== ننه توزي ( مخکې وینا ، سریزه، پیلیزه، یا مقدمه ) :- ====
په دې برخه کې لیکونکی علت د لیکو د کتاب، د زده کړې کچه ، د خلکو نوع چې د هغو لپاره لیکل شوی ، ورسره د ګټې اخستنې کړنلاره ( استفاده ) او ګټې پورته کولو کړنلاره ( استعمال) د کتاب باندې رڼا اچولی وي.

==== لیکونکي نوم:- ====
د لیکونکي له نوم څخه کولی شو، وپوهېږو لیکونکی په دې ځانګړې برخه کې برابره ( زمینه کې کافی ) تجربه لري او کنه ؟

او که لیکونکی نه پیژنۍ نو د هغه تجربو ته خاص نظر وکړئ او دا تجربه کېدای شي دې مفهوم ته ورسیږي چې دغه لیکونکی په لیکلو د دغه کتاب لپاره اماده ګی در لودله او کنه ؟

داسې تجربې اکثر ډول د عنوان ورقی کې د لیکونکي د نوم لاندې یا دکتاب په ننه توزي ( سریزه) کې ورته پام یا توجع شوي وي.

==== خپرندو نوم ( نشره ونکي نوم ) :- ====
ځینې خپرندوی ( نشره ونکي ) په بېلابېلو برخو ( مختلفو ډولونو ) کې د کتاب د چاپولو تخصص لري، نو د دې لپاره د خپرندوی نوم یو غوره (مهم) معلومات د کتاب د څه رنګوالي (کیفیت) لپاره دی.

=== د مؤلف حق :- ===
اکثراً پر سټ یا شاه د عنوان په پاڼې چاپ کېږي، او دا را په ګوته کوي چې کتاب تېریږي او کنه؟ د بېلګې په بڼه C 1998 یعنی دا کتاب په 1998 کال کې له چاپ څخه سلامت راوتلی دی،

په ډیرو موضعاتو کې اړینه او غوره ده چې پاینۍ ( اخیرنۍ ) چوپړی ( پاڼه ، مخ، صفحه) د کتاب ولولو، سر بېره پردې د کتاپ د وار ګڼه هم راغلي وي چې څو واري له چاپه رمټ راوتلی دی، پاینۍ چوپړی د یو کتاب دا راڅرګندوي چې دا کتاب یو ښکاروندی (سټنډارډ ، معیاري) منبع لري. او برابر د باور وړ خاوند دی، او همدارنګه د کتاب د بیا چاپ کیدو پیخلیک کې کوی شو خپلي ټنټي ته لاس پورته کړو او د ورستي لرلید ( راتلونکي بڼه) یې له څو کاله ورسته بازار ته بیا راوځي ،

د بېلګې په بڼه که چېرې د کتاب نه لومړی © بیا ګڼه ( عداد، شمېر) ۱۳۶۸، ۱۳۷۲،۱۳۷۷، ۱۳۸۱ لیکل شوی وي ، ځېر کېږو چې دا کتاب نږدې په هرو څلورو کلو کې یو ځل له چاپ څخه را وتی او اټکل ( احتمال) لري چې په کال ۱۳۸۵ کې یو ځل بیا له چاپ څخه را ووځي.

== دریم نوم د [[قرآن کریم|قران]] چې دی هغه [[الکتاب]] یا کتاب دی : – ==
الکتاب ۶۸ ځایه په قران کې راغلی دی ، سورت بقرا کې ۲ ایت:- ژباړه؛ دا کتاب چې دی په دې کې شک نشته دی ( چې د رب العلمین له لوري دي نه وي راغلی).

العمران ۷ نمبر ایت:- ژباړه ؛ الله دی چې لیږلی یې دی تا ته کتاب چه ځینې له ده نه آیتونه دې چې مانا یې ښکاره ده( محکمات)، دا ایاتونه اصل د کتاب دی ( چې د شریعت احکامو بنسټ دی) او نور یې هغه ایاتونه دي چې مانایې معلومه او څرګنده نه ده ( متشها بهات)،

سورت عنکبوت کې نمبر۴۵ ایت:- ژباړه؛ ولوله ( ای محمده) هغه چې وحی شوي ده تاته له کتاب نه ، او کلک کوه لمونځ ( سم کوه له ټولو حقوقو سره )، بیشکه لمونځ منع کوي له بی حیایۍ او ناوړه کارو څخه، او اړین دي یادول د لوی الله او الله ته معلوم دي هر هغه عمل چې کوئ یې تاسو.

=== په همدې ایاتونو باندې الله عظیم د قران نوم په الکتاب باندې اخستی دی (کتاب، الکتاب، چې انګلېسې ژباړه یې ( [[THE BOOK]] ده. ===
داچې کتاب له څلورو ابیثو ( الفابا ) څخه جوړ دی ک – ت – ا- ب ، او څلور مانا لري لومړی: کتاب په مانا د لیکل شوي، دویم یوځی کولو، دریم په مانا د فرض شوي څلورم په مانا د حکم باندې. نو کتاب په مانا د لیکلو باندې ، کتاب په مانا د جمع والي باندې، کتاب په مانا د فرض شوي باندې ، کتاب په مانا د حکم باندې.

=== :- کتاب په مانا د [[لیکل شوي]] باندې ده؛ ===
اوس دا چې الکتاب ورته ولې وایي، کتاب مصدر دی د کاتبه، یکتوبو، نه ، نصره ، ینصرو باندې قیاس دی ،مصدر یې راځي کتاب، خو په مساجدو کې د عربو قانون دا دی، چې دا مصدر کله مسنیدالمفعود جوړیږي، نو کتاب په مانا د مکتوب باندې یاني لیکل شوی،

قران کریم ته کتاب ولي وایي؟. ځکه دا ثابته خبره ده چې قران کریم له راتلو نه وړاندې همدغه مرتب شکل باندې په لوح محفوظ کې لیکل شوی وو، نو په دې خاطر ور ته کتاب وایي. او بل د نزول نه ورسته د رسول الله ص په شتون او لارښونه کې د کاتبینو د وحي په واسطه باندې لیکل شوی وو، ځکه ورته کتاب وایې ،

==== کتاب په مانا د یوځی کولو باندې ده؛ ====
له دې خاطره عربي ژبه کې لښکر ته کتیبه ویل کېږي ، خطیب انصار هغه وخت سره په مدینه منوره کې چې د خلافت مسله را پیدا شوله او داچې خلیفه به دې چا نه وي، دې کې لږ لږ غوندې خبرې راپیدا شوي. نو خطیب انصار را پاسیده او وویل : نحنو کتیبه اسلامی، ( موږ د اسلام لښکر یو) لښکر ته په دې خاطر کتیبه وویل کېږي چې د هغې وکړي هم یوځی روان وي او یوځی هستوګنه هم کوي، قران کریم ته په همدې خاطر هم کتاب وایې چې سورتونه یې سره یوځای شوي دي، ایاتونه یې یو بل سره یو کړل شوي دي، په دې خاطر ورته الکتاب وایي.

بله دا ده چې قران کریم ته د دې خاطره کتاب وایي ( فلیجمه انواع العلومی) د دې خاطره قران مختلف علوم راجمع کړي دي، قصص دې اخبار دې، په بهترینه بڼه طریقه باندې . امام جوهري وایي چې قران کریم ته په دې خاطر کتاب وایي چې لیکلی هم دی او جمع شوی هم دی،

==== :- کتاب په مانا د فرضو باندې ده ؛ ====
لکه څنګه چې الله تعالی په خپله په قران کریم کې وایي : ( کتبه علیکم صیام کما کتیبه الی الذین من قبلیکم) دلته په مانا د فرض باندې. بل ( کتاب الله علیکم ) فرض شوی حکم د الله دی په تاسو باندې،

==== :- کتاب په مانا د حکم باندې ده؛ ====
یو حدیث کې راځي چې رسول الله ص ته دوه کسان راغلي دي او رسول الله ص ورته وایي ( له اقضین بینکم بی کتاب الله) : رسول الله هغو ته وویل چې زه به ستاسو په منځ کې د الله په حکم پرېکړه کوم.

د انسانانو او پیریانو د بریالیتوب ، بریا ، خوښۍ او سرلوړۍ کتاب پر دنیا او اخیرت کتاب د الله دی، غوږ ورته ونیسئ، وایي ورئ، یاد یې کړي او ځان پرې وپوهوئ [ پښتو ژباړه او تفسیر ( ژباړنه، شرحې) سره. ]

په ۲۰۰۴ لېږدي کې مې د کتابونو پېژندل&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web}}&lt;/ref&gt;و لېکنه ما اېنجېنر صفی الله فردوس کښلې او په ویبپاڼو خپره شوي.[https://www.nunn.asia/78913/%D8%AF-%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%86%D9%88-%D9%BE%DB%90%DA%98%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%84]  

== اخځوک ==
&lt;references group=&quot;https://www.nunn.asia/78913/%D8%AF-%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%86%D9%88-%D9%BE%DB%90%DA%98%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%84&quot; /&gt;</text>
      <sha1>od7p4zm7v1qr14dhdpbn1dqtd7wtrav</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>لومړی الکسیوس کومننوس</title>
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    <id>63877</id>
    <revision>
      <id>284874</id>
      <parentid>284863</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-25T13:04:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>حجاوي (بيت الحكمة)</username>
        <id>25655</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="20431" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person}}لومړی الکسیوس کومننوس (په یوناني: Ἀλέξιος Κομνηνός، له ۱۰۵۷ کال – د ۱۱۱۸ کال د اګسټ تر ۸ )، چې لاتیني یې '''Alexius I Comnenus''' دی، له ۱۰۸۱ کال څخه تر ۱۱۱۸ کال پورې د بیزانس سترواک ؤ. که څه هم د کومننیاني لړۍ لومړی سترواک نه ؤ، د کومننیايي کورنۍ د همده واکمنۍ کې بشپړ واک ته ورسېده او د تخت لپاره یې مورثي ځایناستي پیل کړه. الکسیوس چې د ړنګېدو په حال کې سترواکي یې په ارث یوړه او خپلې واکمنۍ پر مهال په صغیره آسیا کې د سلجوقي ترکانو او په لوېدیځ بالکان کې د نورمنانو په وړاندې د دوامداره جګړو سره مخ ؤ، وکړی شو چې د بیزانس زوال مخه ونیسي او نظامي، مالي او ځمکنۍ رغونه یې پیل کړه، چې د کومننیاني رغونې په نوم یادېږي. د دې رغونې بنسټ بېلابېل اصلاحات وو چې د الکسیوس له لوري پیل شول. د ترکانو په وړاندې د لوېدیځې اروپا څخه د مرستې لپاره د هغه غوښتنې هم هغه عوامل وو چې د صلیبي جګړو په راپارولو کې یې ونډه درلوده.  

== ژوند ==
الکسیوس د جان کومننوس او انا دالاسین زوی او د لومړي اسحاق کومننوس (له ۱۰۵۷ – ۱۰۵۹ پورې سترواک) وراره ؤ. د الکسیوس پلار د اسحاق  له ګوښه کېدو وروسته د تخت څخه ډډه وکړه، لسم قسطنطین دوکاس ( شاوخوا ۱۰۵۹ - ۱۰۶۷) یې ځایناستی شو او په ۱۰۶۷ کې د یوه راهب په توګه مړ شو. الکسیوس او د هغه مشر ورور، مانویل کومننوس د سلجوقي ترکانو په وړاندې په ویاړ سره د څلورم رومانوس ډیوجینیس (شاوخوا ۱۰۶۸ - ۱۰۷۱) تر مشرۍ لاندې خدمت وکړ. د اووم مایکل دوکاس پاراپینسکس (۱۰۷۱ - ۱۰۷۸) او د دریم نیکفوروس بوټانیاټس (۱۰۷۸ - ۱۰۸۱) تر مشرۍ لاندې یې د خپل مشر ورور اسحاق سره، په صغرا آسیا، تراس او اپیروس کې په نظامي ډول د یاغیانو په وړاندې وګمارل شو.  &lt;ref name=&quot;Kazhdan 1991, p. 63&quot;&gt;Kazhdan 1991, p. 63&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Norwich 1995, p. 4&quot;&gt;Norwich 1995, p. 4&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[Anna Dalassene#CITEREFGarland1999|Garland 1999]], p. 187.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;EB1911&quot;&gt;Bury 1911&lt;/ref&gt;

لوېدیځ اجیرانو د رسل دي بایلل په مشرۍ په ۱۰۷۴ کې په صغیره آسیا کې بغاوت وکړ، خو الکسیوس په بریالیتوب سر دوی تر ۱۰۷۶ کال  پورې مغلوب کړل. دی په ۱۰۷۸ کال کې د دریم نیکفوروس  له لوري په لوېدیځ کې د ډګریز پوځ قومندان وټاکل شو. الکسیوس په دې مقام کې د ستر نیکفوروس برینیوس (چې زوی یا لمسي یې وروسته د الکسیوس لور، انا سره واده وکړ) او نیکفوروس باسیلاکس بغاوتونه مات کړل، چې برینیوس ته یې د کالاوري په جګړه کې او باسیلاکس ته یې د هغه په کمپ باندې په شپنۍ ناڅاپي برید کې ماتې ورکړه. الکسیوس ته امر وشو چې په صغیره آسیا کې د خپلې خور مېړه، نیکفوروس میلیسینوس په وړاندې لښکر وباسي، خو ده د خپلوان سره د جګړې کولو څخه انکار وکړ. خو دا کال د رتبې د تنزیل لامل نه شو، ځکه چې الکسیوس د رابرټ ګیسکارډ په مشرۍ د سویلي ایټالیا د نورمنانو د اټکل شوي برید د مقابلې لپاره اړین ؤ.   &lt;ref name=&quot;Norwich 1995, p. 2&quot;&gt;Norwich 1995, p. 2&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Alexiad, 1.1&quot;&gt;&quot;Alexiad&quot;, 1.1&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Norwich 1995, p. 3&quot;&gt;Norwich 1995, p. 3&lt;/ref&gt;

=== د بوټانیاټس په وړاندې د کومننویانو دسیسه او بغاوت  ===
په داسې حال کې بیزانسي پوځیان د سفر لپاره راټولېدل، په محکمه کې د دوکاس ډله الکسیوس ته نږدې شوه او هغه یې قانع کړ چې د دریم نیکفوروس په وړاندې دسیسې سره یوځای شي. د الکسیوس مور، انا او همدا راز د وخت سترواکې، ماریا الانیا (Maria of Alania) دالاسین د ۱۰۸۱ کال په کودتا کې مهم رول ولوباوه. دې لومړی د دریم مایکل دوکاس سره او دوهم ځل یې د دریم نیکفوروس بوټانیاټس سره واده وکړ او د دریم مایکل، قسطنطین دوکاس له پلوه د خپل زوی د راتلونکي په فکر ډوب وه. دریم نیکفوروس هوډ درلود چې تخت خپل یوه نږدې خپلوان ته پرېږدي او دا کار د ماریا د دوه پلوی او د کومننوی سره د اتحاد لامل شو، که څه هم د دې سیاسي اتحاد تر شا اصلي محرک ځواک انا دالاسین وه.   &lt;ref name=&quot;Garland 2007&quot;&gt;Garland 2007&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Finlay 1854, p. 59&quot;&gt;Finlay 1854, p. 59&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Alexiad&quot;, 2.2.1–2&lt;/ref&gt;

سترواکه له وړاندې د خپلې د تره لور، ایرن او اسحاق کمینوس د واده له لارې له کومننوی سره نږدې اړیکې درلودې، نو د کومننوی وروڼو کولی شو چې د نږدې کورنۍ د لیدنې په پلمه هغه وویني. برسېره پردې، ماریا د دسیسې سره د مرستې لپاره الکسیوس د خپل زوی په توګه منلی ؤ، که څه هم دا د ده څخه یوازې پنځه کاله مشره وه. ماریا دې ته وهڅول شوه چې دا کار د خپل &quot;الانانو&quot; او هجړیانو په مشوره، چې د اسحاق کمینوس له خوا هڅول شوي ؤ، وکړي. د هغې په کورنۍ باندې د انا د کلک فشار په پام کې نیولو سره، الکسیوس به حتماً د هغې په مطلق تائید سره منل شوی وي. په پایله کې الکسیوس او د ماریا زوی قسطنطین نور منلي وروڼه وو، اسحاق او الکسیوس دواړو لوړه وکړه چې دوی به د سترواک په توګه د هغه حقونه خوندي ساتي. ماریا په پټ ډول کومننوی ته د داخلي معلوماتو په ورکولو سره  یوه ارزښتناکه متحده وه.  &lt;ref name=&quot;Norwich 1995, p. 5&quot;&gt;Norwich 1995, p. 5&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Alexiad&quot;, 2,1,4–6, 2.3.2–3,2.3.4; cf. Bryennius 4.2, who dates the adoption to early in the reign of Botaneiates&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Alexiad&quot;, 2.3.4,2.4.5&lt;/ref&gt;

لکه څنګه چې په الکسیاډ کې ویل شوي، اسحاق او الکسیوس د ۱۰۸۱ کال د فبروري په نیمایي کې قسطنطینیه پرېښود، ترڅو د بوټانیاټس پر ضد یو پوځ راټول کړي. خو کله چې وخت راورسېد، انا په چټکۍ سره او په پټه توګه د کورنۍ پاتې غړي چمتو کړل او هاګیا سوفیا ته یې پناه یوړه. له هغه ځایه یې په پلازمېنه کې د کورنۍ پاتې غړو د خوندیتوب لپاره له امپراتور سره خبرې اترې وکړې، په عین حال کې یې له دښمنانه اقداماتو څخه د خپلو زامنو په بې ګناهۍ ټینګار کاوه. هغې په درواغ ویلو سره چې کلیسا ته د ماښام عبادت لپاره ځي، د بوتانیاټس لمسي او د هغه وفادار ښوونکي څخه یې قصداً ډډه وکړه، د الکسیوس او اسحاق سره یې ولیدل او د قسطنطینې اجماع ته وتښتېده. ښوونکي وموندله چې دوی ورک شوي او بالاخره یې د ماڼۍ په محوطه کې وموندل، خو انا وکړی شو چې هغه قانع کړي چې ډېر ژر به بېرته ماڼۍ ته راستانه شي. وروسته بیا د دې لپاره چې یادې مېرمنې د کلیسا بهرني او داخلي محراب ته ننوځي، د دروازې ساتونکو ته یې داسې وښودل چې د کاپاډوکیا زائرین دي، چې خپلې ټولې پیسې یې مصرف کړې او غواړي چې د ستنېدو سفر له پیل کولو وړاندې عبادت وکړي.  خو مخکې له دې چې محراب ته ننوځي، سټرابورومانوس او شاهي ساتونکو دوی ته ورغلل ترڅو دوی بېرته ماڼۍ ته راوبلي. بیا انا ټینګار وکړ چې کورنۍ یې د خپل ځانونو په وېره کې وه، د هغې زامن وفادار اتباع وو (الکسیوس او اسحاق پرته له رخصتۍ غیر حاضر وو) او د کومننوی د دښمنانو د دسیسې په اړه وپوهېدل ترڅو دوی دواړه ړانده کړي، نو ځکه له پلازمېنې څخه وتښتېدل ترڅو د سترواک لپاره وفادار خدمت ته دوام ورکړي. دې د دوی سره له تلو ډډه وکړه او غوښتنه یې وکړه چې اجازه ورکړي ترڅو د خوندیتوب لپاره د خدای مور ته دعا وکړي. دا غوښتنه ومنل شوه او انا وروسته خپلې نمایشي او لاسوهنیزې رېښتینې وړتیاوې وښودلې:   &lt;ref&gt;Norwich 1995, p. 6&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Alexiad&quot;, 2.5.5&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Garland 20072&quot;&gt;Garland 2007&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;هغې ته د ننوتلو اجازه ورکړل شوه. ګواکي له بوډاتوب څخه درنه او له غم څخه ستړې شوی وي، ورو ورو په لاره تله او کله چې د محراب اصلي دروازې ته نږدې شوه دوې سجدې یې وکړې؛ په دریم ځل کې یې په تل اوږد ځان واچاوه او د سپېڅلې دروازې یې ټینګه ونیوله، په لوړ غږ یې وژړل: &quot;تر څو چې زما لاسونه پرې شوي نه وي، زه به له دې سپېڅلي ځای څخه لاړه نه شم، خو په یوه شرط: هغه دا چې د خوندیتوب تضمین په توګه د سترواک صلیب ترلاسه کړم.&quot;  &lt;ref&gt;&quot;Alexiad&quot;, 2.5.6&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;دریم نیکفوروس بوټانیاټس عمومي ژمنې ته اړ شو چې هغه به یادې کورنۍ ته خونديتوب ورکوي. سټرابورومانوس هڅه وکړه چې انا ته خپل صلیب ورکړي، خو هغې ته دا صلیب دومره لوی نه ؤ چې ټول لیدونکي د لوړې شاهدان واوسي. هغې دا غوښتنه هم وکړه چې صلیب شخصاً د بوټانیاټس له خوا د هغه د حسن نیت د ژمنې په توګه واستول شي. هغه اړ شو چې د خپل صلیب سره کورنۍ ته بشپړ تضمین ولېږي. دوی د سترواک په ډېر ټینګار او د خپل ځان ساتنې لپاره د پټریون صومعې ته پناه یوړه، هلته بالاخره د بلغاریا ماریا، د ایرن دوکیانا مور دوی سره یوځای شوه. بوټانیاټس دوی ته اجازه ورکړه چې د مېلمنو په څېر نه، بلکې د کډوالو په شان ورسره چلند وشي. دوی اجازه لره چې د کورنۍ غړي یې د دوی خواړه ورته راوړي او د ساتونکو سره یې ښې اړیکې درلودې او له هغوی څخه یې وروستي خبرونه ترلاسه کول. انا د بغاوت په دریو مهمو اړخونو کې ډېره بریالۍ وه: دې د خپلو زامنو لپاره اضافه وخت واخیست ترڅو د آخورونو څخه د سترواکۍ آسونه غلا کړي او له ښار څخه وتښتي. هغې د سترواک پام وګرځاوه، خپلو زامنو ته یې فرصت ورکړ چې خپل سرتېري راټول او په وسله یې سمبال کړي اوهغې بوټانیاټس ته د خوندیتوب غلط احساس ورکړ، دا چې د هغه په ​​​​وړاندې هېڅ رېښتینې خاینانه دسیسه نه شته. لوېدیځو سرتېرو ته چې د ښار ساتنه یې کوله، له رشوت ورکولو وروسته اسحاق او الکسیوس کومننوس د ۱۰۸۱ کال د اپریل په ۱ په بریالیتوب سره پلازمېنې ته د ننه شول.  &lt;ref&gt;Finlay 1854, p. 63&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Garland 20073&quot;&gt;Garland 2007&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Alexiad&quot;, 2.5.7–9&lt;/ref&gt;

په دې موده کې ډنډوره وه چې الکسیوس د ګرجستان د پاچا څلورم بګرات لور، د سترواکې ماریا معشوق دی، چې دې په پرله پسې توګه د اووم مایکل دوکاس او د هغه ځایناستي، دریم نیکفوروس بوټانیاټس سره واده کړی ؤ او د خپلې ښکلا له وجهې نامتو وه. الکسیوس د ماریا لپاره د لیدنې ترتیب جوړ کړ چې د ماڼۍ په محوطه کې انتظار شي او داسې فکر کېد چې دی په پام کې لري ترڅو له هغې واده وکړي. خو د هغه مور د قیصر جان دوکاس لمسۍ، ارین ډوکیانا سره د سترواک د واده په ترتیب کولو سره د دوکاس کورنۍ اړیکه پیاوړې کړه. جان دوکاس، د دریم مایکل تره پرته له دې د الکسیوس ملاټر نه کاوه. الکسیوس د یوه تدبیر په توګه ترڅو دوکای کورنۍ ملاتړ وساتي، د اووم مایکل او ماریا ځوان زوی، قسطنطین دوکاس بېرته ګډ سترواک وټاکه او لږ وروسته یې د خپلې لومړۍ لور، انا سره کوژده کړ او انا د خپل نامزاد او مور سره مانګانا ماڼۍ ته لاړه.  &lt;ref&gt;Norwich 1995, p. 10&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Norwich 1995, p. 12&lt;/ref&gt;

دا وضعیت ډېر زیات بدل شو، خو کله چې د الکسیوس لومړی زوی، دوهم جان کومننوس په ۱۰۸۷ کال کې وزیږېد: د قسطنطین سره د انا کوژده فسخ شوه او دا اصلي ماڼۍ ته ولېږدول شوه ترڅو د خپلې مور او مورنۍ نیا سره واوسي. الکسیوس له ماریا څخه چې د سترواکۍ لقب ځنې واخیستل شو او صومعې ته تقاعد شوه، بیګانه شو او قسطنطین دوکاس د ګډې سترواکۍ له مقام څخه بې برخې شو. سره له دې هغه د سترواکۍ کورنۍ سره ښې اړیکې وساتې او لږ وروسته خپل ضعیف اساسي قانون ته تسلیم شو.  &lt;ref name=&quot;Kazhdan 1991, p. 658&quot;&gt;Kazhdan 1991, p. 658&lt;/ref&gt;

=== د نورمنانو، پچنګیانو او تازاچانو په وړاندې جګړې  ===
د الکسیوس اوه دېرش کلنه واکمنۍ له جګړو ډکه وه. په پیل کې د نورمنانو له سخت برید سره مخ شو، چې مشري یې رابرټ ګیسکارډ او زوی یې بوهموند کوله، دوی ډیرهاچیوم (Dyrrhachium) او کورفو  ونیول او په تسالي کې یې لاریسا محاصره کړه (د ډیراچیوم جګړه وګورئ). الکسیوس مخکې له دې چې بېرته بریالی برید وکړي، څو ځله له ماتې سره مخ شو. هغه د جرمني پاچا څلورم هنري ته د ۳۶۰۰۰۰ سرو زرو د بډو ورکولو له لارې خپل مقاومت پیاوړی کړ ترڅو په اېټالیه کې په نورمنانو باندې برید وکړي، دې برید نورمنان اړ کړل چې په ۱۰۸۳ – ۱۰۸۴ کلنو کې د خپل هېواد په دفاع تمرکز وکړي.  همدا راز هغه د مونټ سانټ انجیلو د کاونټ، هنري اتحاد وساته، هنري په ګرګانو ټاپو وزمه یې کنټرول درلود او د الکسیوس د واکمنۍ له مخې یې د خپل منشور تاریخ ټاکه. د هنري بیعت به د ایټالیې په ټاپو وزمه کې د بیزانس سیاسي کنټرول وروستۍ بیلګه وي. د نورمنانو خطر په ۱۰۸۵ کال کې د ګیسکارډ له مړینې سره کم شو او بیزانسیانو خپل زیاتره زیانونه بېرته وګالل.   &lt;ref&gt;Norwich 1995, p. 21&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Norwich 1995, p. 25&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;EB19112&quot;&gt;Bury 1911&lt;/ref&gt;

الکسیوس اړ شو چې په تراکیا کې چې د بوګومیلانو (Bogomils) او پالیسیانو (Paulicians) بدعتکاره فرقو بغاوت وکړ او د دانوب هاخوا پچنګیانو سره متحد شول، بیا د ګډوډیو سره مقابله وکړي. د سترواکۍ په خدمت کې پالیسیاني سرتېري د نورمنانو سره د الکسیوس د جګړو په جریان کې هم تښتېدل. همدا چې د نورمنانو ګواښ خلاص شو، الکسیوس یاغیانو او تښتېدونکو ته د سزا ورکولو لپاره د دوی ځمکې ضبط کړې. دا کار فیلیپوپولس ته نږدې د بل بغاوت لامل شو او په لوېدیځ کې د ډګریز پوځ قوماندان، ګریګوري پاکوریانوس په راتلونکې جګړه کې ماتې وخوړه او ووژل شو. پچنګیانو په ۱۰۸۷ کال کې په تراکیا باندې برید وکړ او الکسیوس د د بلمثل عمل لپاره موزیا ته لاړ، خو د ډوروستولن (سیلیسترا) په نیولو کې پاتې راغی. د سترواک د خپل شاتګ په جریان کې د پچنګیانو له خوا چاپېر شو او له پښو یې وغوځاوه، سترواک یې د اوربند لاسلیک او د ساتنې پیسو ورکړې ته اړ کړ. په  ۱۰۹۰ کال کې پچنګیانو یو ځل بیا په تراکیا باندې برید وکړ، په داسې حال کې چې د روم د سلطان اوښی، تزاکاس (Tzachas) یوه سمندریز ځواک په لاره واچاوه او هڅه یې وکړه چې د پچنګیانو سره یوځای د قسطنطنیې ګډه محاصره تنظیم کړي. الکسیوس دا کړکېچ د کومانانو (Cumans) د یوې ۴۰۰۰۰ کسیزې ډلې سره د پیوستون له لارې کابو کړ، د دوی په مرسته یې د ۱۰۹۱ کال د اپریل په ۲۹ د ترکیا په لوونیون کې پچنګیان مات کړل.   &lt;ref&gt;Finlay 1854, p. 101&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Norwich 1995, p. 27&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Norwich 1995, p. 26&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Finlay 1854, p. 104&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Finlay 1854, p. 102&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Finlay 1854, p. 78&lt;/ref&gt;

په دې سره د پچنګیانو ګواښ ته د پای ټکی کېښودل شو، خو په ۱۰۹۴ کال کې کومانانو په بالکان کې د سترواکۍ په خاورو برید پیل کړ. کومانان د تخت د یوه داسې مدعي په مشرۍ چې ادعا یې کوله د قسطنطین ډیوژن، د سترواک څلورم رومانوس زوی دی چې ډېر پخوا مړ شوی ؤ، کومانان له غرونو څخه واوښتل او په ختیځه تراکیا یې تر هغه پورې برید وکړ چې د هغوی مشر په اډریانوپل کې له منځه یوړل شو. الکسیوس د بالکان په لږ یا ډېر آرامېدو سره، هغه مهال وکړی شو خپل پام صغیره آسیا ته راواړوي، چې د سلجوق ترکانو څه نا څه تر بشپړ اشغال لاندې وه.   &lt;ref&gt;Finlay 1854, p. 108&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Finlay 1854, p. 86&lt;/ref&gt;

== سرچينې ==</text>
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    <title>کارل بارت</title>
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      <text bytes="17067" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person}}کارل بارت (د ۱۸۸۶ کال د مې له ۱۰ – د ۱۹۶۸ کال د ډسمبر تر ۱۰) یو سویسی کالوین پلوه الهیات پوه ؤ. بارت د بارمېن اعلامیې (Barmen Declaration) د لیکوالۍ په ګډون، رومیانو ته لیک (''The Epistle to the Romans'') په نامه د خپل تفسیر، د اعترافي کلیسا په ِغورځنګ کې د خپلې ښکېلتیا او په ځانګړي ډول د خپل نابشپړې څو ټوکیزې الهیاتي ټولګې د کلیسا دیني عقاید(چې د ۱۹۳۲ – ۱۹۶۷ تر منځ خپره شوه) له وجهې ډېر مشهور دی. د بارت نفوذ د علمي ساحې څخه بهر د اصلي بهیر کلتور ته وغځېد، دا نفوذ د دې لامل شو چې هغه د ۱۹۶۲ کال د اپریل په ۲۰ د ټایم مجلې په پوښ باندې څرګند شي.   &lt;ref&gt;[http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/barth &quot;Barth&quot;]. ''[[Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary]]''.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last=Houtz |first=Wyatt |date=4 April 2018 |title=Karl Barth and the Barmen Declaration (1934) |url=https://postbarthian.com/2018/05/21/karl-barth-and-the-barmen-declaration-1934/ |access-date=23 February 2019 |work=The PostBarthian}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Karl Barth – Christian History |url=http://www.christianitytoday.com/ch/131christians/theologians/barth.html?start=2}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=5 April 2019 |title=The Life of Karl Barth: Church Dogmatics Vol IV: The Doctrine of Reconciliation 1953–1967 (Part 7) |url=https://postbarthian.com/2019/04/05/the-life-of-karl-barth-church-dogmatics-vol-iv-the-doctrine-of-reconciliation-1953-1967-part-7/ |access-date=5 April 2019 |website=The PostBarthian |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://people.bu.edu/wwildman/bce/barth.htm#4._Outline_of_Major_Works Name (Boston Collaborative Encyclopedia of Western Theology)]. People.bu.edu. Retrieved on 15 July 2012.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last=Houtz |first=Wyatt |date=21 April 2016 |title=Karl Barth's Church Dogmatics Original Publication Dates |url=https://postbarthian.com/2016/04/21/karl-barths-church-dogmatics-original-publication-dates/ |access-date=23 February 2019 |work=The PostBarthian}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|url=http://content.time.com/time/covers/0,16641,19620420,00.html|title=Theologian Karl Barth|newspaper=Time|date=20 April 1962|access-date=23 February 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

بارت د خپل نسل د زیاتره پروتسټان الهیات پوهانو په څېر د اډولف ون هارنیک، فریدریش شلایرماخر او نورو تر اغېزې لاندې په لېبرال الهیاتو کې تعلیم ترلاسه کړ. د هغه پادري مسلک د سویس په کلیوالي ښار، سافنویل کې پیل شو، په دې ځای کې د &quot; د سافنویل سور پادري&quot; په نوم پېژندل کېد. هلته د لیبرال عیسویت څخه چې روزنه یې په کې لېدلې و، زیات ناهیله شو. دا کار د دې لامل شو چې د روميانو ته لیک کتاب خپله لومړۍ نسخه (چې د لومړي رومانز یا Romans I په نوم هم یادېږي ) وليکي، چې په ۱۹۱۹ کال کې خپره شوه، هغه په دې نسخه کې هوډ وکړ چې نوی عهد (New Testament) په جلا ډول ولولي.   &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last=Houtz |first=Wyatt |date=18 April 2018 |title=The Life of Karl Barth: Early Life from Basel to Geneva 1886–1913 (Part 1) |url=https://postbarthian.com/2018/04/18/life-karl-barth-early-life-basel-geneva-part-1/ |access-date=23 January 2021 |work=The PostBarthian}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Houtz&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Houtz |first=Wyatt |date=3 October 2017 |title=The Romans commentary by the Red Pastor of Safenwil: Karl Barth's Epistle to the Romans |url=https://postbarthian.com/2017/10/03/romans-commentary-red-pastor-safenwil-karl-barths-epistle-romans/ |access-date=23 February 2019 |work=The PostBarthian}}&lt;/ref&gt;

بارت په ۱۹۲۱ کال کې د رومیانو ته لیک په اړه د هغه د تفسیر د دوهمې نسخې په خپرولو سره د نړۍ په کچه ډېر ستایل شو او په دې نسخې کې ښکاره توګه د لیبرال الهیات څخه جلا شو.   &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last=Houtz |first=Wyatt |date=18 April 2018 |title=The Life of Karl Barth: Early Life from Basel to Geneva 1886–1913 (Part 2) |url=https://postbarthian.com/2018/04/21/life-karl-barth-red-pastor-safenwil-part-2/ |access-date=23 February 2019 |work=The PostBarthian}}&lt;/ref&gt;

هغه زیات شمېر مهم الهیات پوهان لکه ډیټریش بونهوفر، چې د اعترافي کلیسا ملاتړی ؤ، یورګین مولټمان، هیلموټ ګولویټزر، جیمز اچ. کون، وولفارټ پیننبرګ، روډولف بلټمن، توماس اف. تورانس، هانس کونګ، او همدارنګه رین هولډ نیبوهر، جاکول او ناول لیکونکي لکه فلانري اوکونور، جان اپډایک او میکلوس زینتکوتي تر اغېزې لاندې راوستل.   

د زیاتو نورو ساحو سربېره، بارت د اخلاق پوهانو لکه سټینلي هووراس، جان هوارډ یوډر، جاک ایلول او اولیور اوډونووان په کار باندې په اغېزې سره، د عیسویت په عصري اخلاقي نظام هم ژوره اغېزه درلوده.   &lt;ref name=&quot;biblicalstudies1&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|last1=Parsons|first1=Michael|year=1987|title=Man Encountered by the Command of God: the Ethics of Karl Barth|url=http://www.biblicalstudies.org.uk/pdf/vox/vol17/barth_parsons.pdf|journal=Vox Evangelica|volume=17|pages=48–65|access-date=17 November 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oQAfTdla3H0C|title=Commanding Grace: Studies in Karl Barth's Ethics|author=Daniel L. Migliore|date=15 August 2010|publisher=W.B. Eerdmans Publishing Company|isbn=978-0-8028-6570-0}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Matthew J. Aragon-Bruce. [http://libweb.ptsem.edu/collections/barth/reviews/EthicsinCrisis.aspx?menu=296&amp;subText=468&amp;disclaimer=668 Ethics in Crisis: Interpreting Barth's Ethics] (book review) Princeton Seminary Library. Retrieved on 15 July 2012. {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100609161357/http://libweb.ptsem.edu/collections/barth/reviews/EthicsinCrisis.aspx?menu=296&amp;subText=468&amp;disclaimer=668|date=9 June 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.oup.com/us/catalog/general/subject/ReligionTheology/PhilosophyofReligion/?view=usa&amp;ci=9780198263906 Oxford University Press: The Hastening that Waits:] [[Nigel Biggar]] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121120121425/http://www.oup.com/us/catalog/general/subject/ReligionTheology/PhilosophyofReligion/?view=usa&amp;ci=9780198263906|date=20 November 2012}}. Oup.com. Retrieved on 15 July 2012.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.kevintaylor.me/journal/2011/4/7/the-influence-of-karl-barth-on-christian-ethics.html Journal – The Influence of Karl Barth on Christian Ethics]. www.kevintaylor.me (7 April 2011). Retrieved on 15 July 2012. {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111023013517/http://www.kevintaylor.me/journal/2011/4/7/the-influence-of-karl-barth-on-christian-ethics.html|date=23 October 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Choi Lim Ming, Andrew (2003). [http://robertoigarza.files.wordpress.com/2011/02/art-a-study-on-elluls-dialectical-approach-to-the-modern-and-spiritual-world-choi-2003.pdf A Study on Jacques Ellul's Dialectical Approach to the Modern and Spiritual World]. wordpress.com&lt;/ref&gt;

== لومړنی ژوند لو تعلیم   ==
کارل بارت د ۱۸۸۶ کال د مې په ۱۰ د سویس په بازل کې د جوهان فریدریش &quot;فریټز&quot; بارت (۱۸۵ - ۱۹۱۲) او انا کتارینا (سارتوریس) بارت (۱۸۶۳ - ۱۹۳۸) په کورنۍ کې زیږېدلی. کارل دوه کوچني وروڼه، پیټر بارت (۱۸۸۸ - ۱۹۴۰) او هنریش بارت (۱۸۹۰ - ۱۹۳۸) او دوې خویندې کتارینا او ګرټروډ درلودلې. فریټز بارت د الهیات استاد او پادري ؤ او له کارل څخه یې غوښتل چې د هغه د مسیحیت مثبتې کرښې څخه پيروي وکړي، چې دا کار د کارل د غوښتنې سره ترڅو لیبرال پروټستان تعلیم ترلاسه کړي، په ټکر کې ؤ. کارل د زده کړې خپل دوره په برن پوهنتون کې پیل کړه او بیا برلین پوهنتون ته ولېږدول شو ترڅو د اډولف وان هارنیک پاملرنه لاندې زده کړې وکړي او بیا د لنډې مودې لپاره توبینګین پوهنتون ته او په پای کې ماربورګ ته ولېږدول شو ترڅو د ویلهلم هیرمن (۱۸۴۶ - ۱۹۲۲) تر پاملرنه لاندې زده کړې وکړي.  &lt;ref name=&quot;PostBarthian&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Houtz |first=Wyatt |date=18 April 2018 |title=The Life of Karl Barth: Early Life from Basel to Geneva 1886–1913 (Part 1) |url=https://postbarthian.com/2018/04/18/life-karl-barth-early-life-basel-geneva-part-1/ |access-date=23 February 2019 |work=The PostBarthian}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Gary J. Dorrien, ''The Barthian Revolt in Modern Theology: Theology Without Weapons'', 2000: &quot;Barthian &quot;crisis theology&quot; movement came into being. Karl Barth was the son of a conservative Reformed pastor and theological professor at the University of Berne, Fritz Barth...&quot;{{page needed|date=April 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

بارت له ۱۹۱۱ کال څخه تر ۱۹۲۱ کال پورې د آرګاو په کانټون کې د سفانویل په کلي کې د اصلاح پاله پادري په توګه دنده ترسره کړه. هغه په ۱۹۱۳ کال کې د نیلي هوفمن سره چې بااسعداده وایلن غږونکې وه، واده وکړ. دوی یوه لور او څلور زامن درلودل، چې یو یې د نوي عهه عالم مارکوس بارت (د ۱۹۱۵ کال د اوکټوبر ۶ – د ۱۹۹۴ کال د جولای ۱) ؤ. وروسته په آلمان کې په ګوتینګن (۱۹۲۱ - ۱۹۲۵)، مونسټر (۱۹۲۵ - ۱۹۳۰) او بون (۱۹۳۰ - ۱۹۳۵) کې د الهیات استاد شو، په ګوتینګن کې د خدمت پرمهال یې له شارلټ وون کرشبام سره ولیدل چې د اوږدې مودې لپاره د ده منشي او مرستیال شوه؛ شارلوټ د هغه د افسانې، د کلیسا دیني عقاید په لیکلو کې مهمه ونډه ولوبوه. کله یې چې اډولف هټلر ته د وفادارۍ لوړې (بېله تعدیل) له لاسلیک کولو څخه انکار وکړ، په ۱۹۳۵ کال کې له آلمان څخه وشړل شو او بېرته سویس ته لاړ او په بازل کې استاد شو(۱۹۳۵ - ۱۹۶۲).   &lt;ref&gt;''Church Dogmatics'', ed. T. F. Torrance and G. W. Bromiley (1932–67; ET Edinburgh: T&amp;T Clark, 1956–75).&lt;/ref&gt;

== له لېبرالیزم څخه جلا کېدنه   ==
کارل بارت د ۱۹۱۴ کال په اګست کې چې پوه شو د اډولف وون هارنیک په ګډون د هغه قدرمنو ښوونکو د &quot;متمدن نړۍ ته د نه نوي او درې الماني روڼ آندو منشور&quot; لاسلیک کړی ؤ، خواشینی شو. نو بارت دې پایلې ته ورسېد چې نور نشي کولی د انجیل او تاریخ څخه د دوی پوهه تعقیب کړي.   &lt;ref name=&quot;1914Manifeſto&quot;&gt;[http://wwi.lib.byu.edu/index.php/Manifesto_of_the_Ninety-Three_German_Intellectuals Manifesto of the Ninety-Three German Intellectuals], 1914.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last=Houtz |first=Wyatt |date=21 April 2018 |title=The Life of Karl Barth: The Red Pastor of Safenwil 1909–1921 (Part 2) |url=https://postbarthian.com/2018/04/21/life-karl-barth-red-pastor-safenwil-part-2/ |access-date=23 February 2019 |work=The PostBarthian}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ورمیانو ته لیک   ==
بارت پداسې حال کې چې لاهم په سفانویل کې پادري ؤ، په لومړي ځل خپل تفسیر رومیانو ته لیک (په جرمني: ''Der Römerbrief'') د ۱۹۱۶ کال په اوړي کې پیل کړ او لومړۍ نسخه یې د ۱۹۱۸ کال په ډسمبر کې خپره شوه (خو د خپرېدو نېټه د ۱۹۱۹ کال څخه وه). د تفسیر د لومړۍ نسخې له وجهې بارت ته په ګوتینګن پوهنتون کې د تدریس لپاره بلنه ورکړل شوه. بارت د ۱۹۲۰ کال د اکتوبر په شاوخوا کې پرېکړه وکړه چې د خپلې لومړۍ نسخې څخه ناخوښ دی او په راتلونکو یوولسو میاشتو کې یې په پراخه کچه کره او سم کړ او دوهمه نسخه یې د ۱۹۲۱ کال د سپټمبر په شاوخوا کې پای ته ورسوله. بارت په ځانګړي توګه د ۱۹۲۲ کال په بشپړه بیا لیکل شوې دوهمه نسخه کې استدلال وکړ چې خدای چې د عیسی په ژوند، مرګ او بیا راژوندي کېدو کې څرګندېږي، هره هغه هڅه چې خدای د انساني کلتورونو، لاسته راوړنو یا شتمنیو سره شریکوي، ننګوي او له منځه وړي. د کتاب شهرت د دې لامل شو چې په څو ژبو کې بیاخپور او بیاچاپ شي.&lt;ref name=&quot;Houtz2&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Houtz |first=Wyatt |date=3 October 2017 |title=The Romans commentary by the Red Pastor of Safenwil: Karl Barth's Epistle to the Romans |url=https://postbarthian.com/2017/10/03/romans-commentary-red-pastor-safenwil-karl-barths-epistle-romans/ |access-date=23 February 2019 |work=The PostBarthian}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Kenneth Oakes, ''Reading Karl Barth: A Companion to Karl Barth's Epistle to the Romans'', Eugene: Cascade, 2011, p. 27.&lt;/ref&gt;

== د بارمېن علامیه  ==
کله چې پروتستانت کلیسا هڅه وکړه چې د نازي آلمان سره موافقې ته ورسي، بارت تر ډېره حده د بارمېن اعلامیې (''Barmer Erklärung'') د لیکلو مسؤل ؤ. دې اعلامیې په مسیحیت باندې د آلماني نازیزم نفوذ په دې استدلال سره رد کړ چې د عیسي مسیح خدای ته د کلیسا وفاداري باید دا هڅونه او سرچینې ورکړي چې د نورو بادارانو لکه د آلمان مشر، اډولف هټلر د نفوذ په وړاندې مقاومت وکړي. بارت یاده اعلامیه شخصاً هټلر ته لېږله. دا اعلامیه د اعترافي کلیسا یو له بنسټیزو اسنادو څخه وه او بارت د هغې د مشرتابه شورا غړی، بروډراټ وټاکل شو.   &lt;ref name=&quot;Allen2012&quot;&gt;{{cite book|author=Michael Allen|title=Karl Barth's Church Dogmatics: An Introduction and Reader|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cM5wdswTKWcC&amp;pg=PA5|date=18 December 2012|publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing|isbn=978-0-567-48994-4|pages=5–}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last=Houtz |first=Wyatt |date=4 April 2018 |title=Karl Barth and the Barmen Declaration (1934) |url=https://postbarthian.com/2018/05/21/karl-barth-and-the-barmen-declaration-1934/ |access-date=23 February 2019 |work=The PostBarthian}}&lt;/ref&gt;

هغه اړ شو چې په ۱۹۳۵ کال کې په بن پوهنتون کې له خپلې استادۍ څخه کوښه شي، ځکه چې هټلر ته یې له لوړې کولو څخه ډډه وکړه. بارت بیا خپل ټاټوبي سویس ته راستون شو، هلته یې په بازل پوهنتون کې د سیسټماتیک الهیات چوکۍ په غاړه واخیسته. د هغه د ګمارنې په اوږدو کې، له هغه څخه وِغوښتل شول چې یوې معمولې پوښتنې ته چې د سویس له ټولو ملکي کارکوونکو پوښتل شوې، ځواب ووايي: چې آیا هغه د ملي دفاع څخه ملاتړ کړی. د هغه ځواب داسې ؤ، &quot;هو په ځانګړې توګه په شمالي کرښه کې!&quot; نویه زورشر زایتونګ (Neue Zürcher Zeitung) ورځپاڼې په فیلسوف مارتین هیډیګر باندې د کارل د ۱۹۳۶ کال نیوکه چې له نازیانو څخه یې ملاتړ کړی ؤ، خپره کړه. هغه خپل یوه چکي ملګري، جوزف هرومادکا ته په ۱۹۳۸ کال کې یو لیک ولیک او اعلان یې په کې وکړ چې هغو سرتېرو چې د نازي آلمان په وړاندې جکړه وکړه، د يوې عیسوي موخې لپاره یې خدمت کاوه.   &lt;ref&gt;[[Ian Ward (professor)|Ian Ward]] (1992) ''Law, philosophy, and National Socialism''. Bern: Peter Lang. p 117. {{ISBN|3-261-04536-1}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

== سرچينې ==</text>
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    <title>آسا ګرې</title>
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      <text bytes="12984" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person}}آسا ګرې (زوکړه: د ۱۸۱۰ زکال د نومبر ۱۸ مه – مړینه: د ۱۸۸۸ زکال د جنوري ۱۸ مه) په ۱۹ مه پېړۍ کې د تر ټولو مخکښ امریکايي بوټي پېژندونکي په توګه په پام کې نیول کېږي. د داروینیانا په نامه د هغه د مقالو ټولګه د دین او علم ترمنځ د تقابل د نشتون په برخه کې مهمه توضیح ده. ګرې په پرېکنده توګه باور من و چې باید د ژوندیو موجوداتو د یو ډول د ټولو غړو ترمنځ ژنټیکي ارتباط شتون ولري. نوموړی همدارنګه د تکامل د اجازې نه لرلو په معنا په یو نسل او یا هم ځانګړو مخلوقاتو کې د هیبرډایزېشن له نظریاتو سره کلک مخالف و. نوموړی د داروین له پلویانو څخه و، په داسې حال کې چې د ګرې د خدای باوري تکامل لید د یو خالق لوري ته هدایت کېده. {{sfn|Love|1998|p=173}}{{sfn|Biographies of Scientists and Explorers|2015}}

ګرې د څو لسیزو لپاره په هاروارډ پوهنتون کې د بوټو پېژندنې د ښوونکي په توګه د چارلز داروین په ګډون چې ورته یې ډېر درناوی درلود؛ د هغه مهال له مخکښو طبیعت پوهانو سره په منظم ډول اړیکې ساتلې او له هغوی سره یې لیکونه تبادله کول. ګرې د هغه مهال له مخکښو اروپايي پوهانو سره د مرستې په موخه څو ځله اروپا او همدارنګه د متحده ایالاتو سویل او لویدیځ ته سفرونه وکړل. نوموړي همدارنګه د بوټو د بېلګو د راغونډونکو پراخه شبکه جوړه کړې وه.

ګرې چې پیاوړی لیکوال و؛ د شمالي امریکا د بوټو پېژندنې د پوهې په یو ډول والي کې یې اساسي رول درلود. د بوټو پېژندنې په برخه کې د هغه له ګڼ شمېر اثارو څخه تر ټولو مشهور یې ''د شمالي امریکا د بوټو پېژندنې لارښود، له نیوانګلنډ څخه تر ویسکانسین او له سویل څخه تر او هایو او پنسلوانیا پورې'' په نامه کتاب و؛ چې نن ورځ په ساده توګه د ګرې د لارښود په نوم پېژندل کېږي. {{sfn|Moore|Macklin|DeCesare|2010|pp=277–286}}

په ۱۸۴۸ زکال کې ګرې د امریکا د فلسفي ټولنې د غړي په توګه وټاکل شو. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=APS Member History |url=https://search.amphilsoc.org/memhist/search?creator=&amp;title=&amp;subject=&amp;subdiv=&amp;mem=&amp;year=1847&amp;year-max=1848&amp;dead=&amp;keyword=&amp;smode=advanced |access-date=2021-04-14 |website=search.amphilsoc.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== لومړی ژوند او زده کړې ==
ګرې د ۱۸۱۰ زکال د نومبر په ۱۸ مه د نیویارک ښار په ساوکویت سیمه کې وزېږېد؛ نوموړی د چرم جوړونکي موزس ګرې (ز. ۲۶ فبروري ۱۷۸۶ زکال) او رکسانا هاوارډ ګرې (ز. ۱۵ مارچ ۱۷۸۹ زکال) زوی و. ګرې چې د خپل پلار د چرم جوړولو د فابریکې شاته وزېږېد د هغه د اتو ماشومانو تر ټولو مشر و.  د ګرې بابا په ۱۷۱۸ زکال کې له شمالي ایرلنډ څخه بوسټون ته راغلی و. د ګرې پروټسټانت سکاټلنډي – ایرلنډي اجداد له شیز پاڅون وروسته له ماساچوستس او ورمونټ څخه نیویارک ته کډه شوي و. پلار او مور یې د ۱۸۰۹ زکال د جولای په ۳۰ مه واده وکړ. د هغوی د چرم جوړونې کارخونې د سوزولو لپاره په پریمانه کچه لرګیو ته اړتیا لرله او د دغه سیمې د لرګیو زېرمې هم مخ پر خلاصون وې؛ همدا و چې پلار یې له خپلې ګټې څخه په ګټنې په دغه سیمه کې د کروندو په پېرلو کې کار واخیست او د ۱۸۲۳ زکال په شاوخوا کې یې د چرم جوړولو کارخونه خرڅه کړه او کروندګر شو. {{sfn|Dupree|1988|pp=6–7}}

ګرې په ځوانۍ کې له مطالعې سره ډېره لیوالتیا لرله. هغه له ۱۸۲۳ زکال څخه تر ۱۸۲۵ زکال پورې د کلینټون د ګرامر ښوونځی پای ته ورساوه او په دغه کلونو کې یې ورته د څېرمه همیلټون کالج د کتابتون ګڼ شمېر کتابونه ولوستل. په ۱۸۲۵ زکال کې یې په فیرفیلډ اکاډمۍ کې چې د ۱۸۲۶ زکال په مني کې یې خپل نوم د فیرفیلډ طبي کالج ته تغیر کړ او د فیرفیلډ د لویدیځې ناحیې په طبي کالج هم پېژندل کېده؛ نوم ثبت کړ. دا نو هغه مهال و چې ګرې د بوټو د بېلګو په راغونډولو پیل وکړ. نیویارک ښار ته په سفر کې هغه هڅه وکړه له جان ټوري سره وګوري څو له هغه څخه د خپلو راغونډو کړو نمونو په پېژندنه کې مرسته ترلاسه کړي، خو ټوري په کور کې نه و او ګرې هم خپلې راغونډې کړې نمونې د هغه په کور کې پرېښودې. ټوري د ګرې له خوا د راغونډو کړو نمونو تر اغېز لاندې راغی او له هغه سره یې د لیکونو په تبادلې پیل وکړ. ګرې له کالج فارغ شو او د ۱۸۳۱ زکال په فبروري میاشت کې یې چې لا یې په هغه مهال کې د دکتورا لپاره د ۲۱ کاله عمر لرلو شرط نه و پوره کړی د طبابت په برخه کې یې دوکتورا ترلاسه کړه. په داسې حال کې چې ګرې د نیویارک په بریج واټر سیمه کې چې هلته یې د زده کړیالۍ پر مهال د ډاکټر جان فوټ ټراوبریج سره شاګردي کوله؛ کلنیک پرانیست خو هغه هېڅکله یې په طبي چارو لاس پورې نه کړ او له بوټو پېژندنې څخه یې خوند اخیست. همدغه مهال و چې نوموړي په نیویارک او نیوجرسي کې په اکتشافاتو پیل وکړ. د ۱۸۳۱ زکال په مني هغه خپلو ټولو طبي چارو ته شا کړه او خپل وخت یې بوټو پېژندنې ته ځانګړې کړ. {{sfn|Dupree|1988|pp=15, 18–20, 22}}{{sfn|Encyclopædia Britannica|2013}}{{sfn|Dupree|1988|pp=23–24}}{{sfn|Gray|1894|pp=14–18}}{{sfn|Deane|1888|pp=59–72}}{{sfn|Dupree|1988|pp=12–14}}{{sfn|Gray|1894|pp=12–14}}{{sfn|Farlow|1889|p=164}}{{sfn|Dupree|1988|pp=7–9}}{{sfn|Dupree|1988|pp=2–5}}{{sfn|Farlow|1889|p=163}}

په ۱۸۳۲ زکال کې نوموړی د نیویارک د یوټیکا سیمې په بارټلېټ عالي لېسه او په فیرفیلډ طبي کالج کې د کیمیا، منرالوژي او بوټو پېژندنې د ښوونکي په توګه وګمارل شو او د هغو ښوونکو تشه یې ډکه کړه چې د زده کړو پر مهال مړه شوي و؛ هغه د ۱۸۳۲ زکال له اګسټ څخه ډسمبر پورې د وقفې په لرلو سره د یو کال درس ورکولو پر سر هوکړه کړې وه؛ همدا و چې اړ شو مکسیکو ته چې هغه مهال د اوسنۍ متحده ایالاتو سویل لویدیځ ایالاتونه په کې شاملېدل، خپل سفر لغو کړي. ګرې د لومړي ځل لپاره د ۱۸۳۲ زکال په سپټمبر میاشت کې له ټوري سره ولیدل او هغوی په ګډه سره نیوجرسي ته سفر وکړ. د ۱۸۳۳ زکال د اګست په لومړۍ نېټه په یوټیکا کې د تدریس له دورې بشپړولو وروسته ګرې د نیویارک ښار د ډاکټرانو او جراحانو په کالج کې د ټوري مرستیال شو. دغه مهال ګرې نه یوازې د امریکا بلکه د آسیا، اروپا او د آرام سمند د ټاپو ګانو له بوټو پېژندونکو سره مکاتبه او د بوټو د نمونو تبادله یې ورسره کوله. ګرې په ۱۸۳۴ زکال کې په همیلټون کالج کې په موقت ډول د تدریس ځایګي ته ورسېد. د مالي شونتیاو د کمښت له امله نوموړی په ۱۸۳۵ زکال کې اړ شو د ټوري د مرستیال په توګه دنده پرېږي او د ۱۸۳۶ زکال په فبروري یا مارچ میاشت کې په نیویارک کې د طبیعي تاریخ د عمومي تالار متصدي او کتابدار شو چې اوس د نیویارک د علومو د اکاډمۍ په نوم پېژندل کېږي. هغه د منهتن په خپل نوي استوګنځای کې یو اپارتمان درلود. ټوري هڅه وکړه هغه ته په پرینسټون پوهنتون کې دنده پیدا کړي خو د علومو په برخه کې ورته د دندې موندلو د هڅو په څېر دغه هڅې هم نابریالۍ شوې. له دې سره چې ګرې نور د ټوري مرستیال نه و خو دوی دواړه د ژوند تر پایله کلک ملګري او همکاران پاتې شول. د ټوري مېرمن الیزا ټوري د ګرې په آدابو، سلیقې، عادتونو او مذهبي باورونو پام وړ اغېز درلود. {{sfn|Deane|1888|pp=59–72}}{{sfn|Dupree|1988|pp=39–41}}{{sfn|Farlow|1889|pp=164–165}}{{sfn|Dupree|1988|pp=41–43, 56–57}}{{sfn|Dupree|1988|pp=43–44, 47–50}}{{sfn|Torrey|1988|pp=221–228}}{{sfn|Dupree|1988|p=38}}{{sfn|Dupree|1988|pp=35, 50}}{{sfn|Dupree|1988|pp=30–32}}{{sfn|Dupree|1988|pp=33–36}}{{sfn|University of Michigan|2015}}

== دندې ==
د ۱۸۳۶ زکال په اکتوبر میاشت کې ګرې د بوټو پېژندونکي په توګه د متحده ایالاتو په اکتشافي سفر (۱۸۳۲-۱۸۴۲ زکال) کې چې همدارنګه د «ویلکس اکسپډېشن» په نامه هم پېژندل کېږي د ګډون کوونکي په توګه وټاکل شو چې په پام کې وه دغه سفر درې کاله دوام وکړي. ګرې په پیل کې د دغه سفر لپاره د پلان جوړونې او چمتوالي په موخه ښه دستمزد ترلاسه کاوه، آن تر دې چې خپل توکي یې د نیویارک په بندر کې په یوه بېړۍ کې بار کړل. له دې سره دغه سفر له سیاستونو، مشاجرې، ګډوډیو، بې کار توب او ځنډ سره ښکېل و. ګرې د سمندري ځواکونو وزیر ماهلون ډیکرسون ته په اشاره د «نفرت پارونکي او حماقت څخه ډک مدیریت» په نامه مقاله ولیکله. له دې سره ګرې د ۱۸۳۷ زکال په اپرېل میاشت کې د غونډو له تالار استفعا ورکړه څو خپل وخت د دغه سفر مقدماتو ته ځانګړی کړي. دغه اکتشافي سفر په ۱۸۳۸ زکال کې په بشپړ ناڅرګند حالت کې و. دغه مهال د میشیګان نوي ایالت د خپل پوهنتون په جوړولو بوخت و او ګرې هم ورته د ۱۸۳۸ زکال په لومړیو کې د ښوونکي په توګه غوښتنلیک ولېږه. هغه له ویلکس اکسپډېشن څخه د ۱۸۳۸ زکال د جولای په ۱۰ مه استعفا ورکړه. په ۱۸۴۸ زکال کې ګرې د بوټو په نمونو باندې د څېړنې په موخه استخدام شو او د بوټو پوهنې د راپور لومړی ټوک یې په ۱۸۵۴ زکال کې خپور کړ، خو ویلکس بیا ونشو کولای د دویم جلد د لیکلو لپاره بودیجه ورته برابره کړي. {{sfn|Dupree|1988|pp=185–195}}{{sfn|Harvard|2009}}{{sfn|Gray|1854}}{{sfn|Dupree|1988|pp=59–65, 67–68}}{{sfn|Dupree|1988|p=62}}

د ۱۸۳۸ زکال د جولای په ۱۷ مه ګرې د میشیګان په نوي تاسیس شوی پوهنتون کې د دایمي ښوونکي په توګه وګمارل شو، په داسې حال کې چې هغه هېڅکله په هېڅ یو ټولګي کې درس ورنکړ. د هغه ځایګی هاغه لومړنی ځایګی و چې د امریکا په هر ښوونیز بنسټ کې به یوازې بوټو پېژندنې ته ځانګړی و. {{sfn|University of Michigan|2015}}{{sfn|Dupree|1988|pp=67–68}}{{sfn|Pitcher|1856|p=79}}

== سرچينې ==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>له اقلیمي بدلون سره تطابق</title>
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      <text bytes="27562" xml:space="preserve">'''له اقلیمي بدلون سره تطابق یا سازښت''' د اقلیم د بدلون له اوسنیو یا متوقع اغېزو سره د سمون یا سازګارۍ پروسې ته ویل کېږي. دا تطابق د اقلیم بدلون ته د هغه د اغېزو راکمولو تر څنګ د غبرګون یوه لاره ده. د انسانانو په برخه کې د دغه سازښت موخه د زیانونو مخنیوی او له فرصتونو څخه ګټه اخیستنه ده؛ خو د طبیعي سیستمونو په برخه کې بیا ښایي انسانان د تطابق یا سازښت لپاره مداخله وکړي. د تطابق اړوند اقدامات یا خو ښایي تدریجي او ګام په ګام وي (یعنې هغه کړنې چې اصلي موخه په کې د یوه سیستم د ماهیت او بشپړتیا ساتل وي) او یا هم دغه اقدامات ښایي بدلوونکي وي (یعنې هغه کړنې چې د اقلیم بدلون او د هغه د اغېزو په غبرګون کې د یوه سیستم بنسټیزې ځانګړنې بدلوي). د تطابق او سازښت اړتیا بېلابېلو سیمو ته په کتو سره توپیر لري چې تر ډېره د چاپېریال اغېزو ته په حساسیت او زیان‌مننې پورې اړه لري.&lt;ref name=&quot;:7&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=IPCC |date=2014 |title=Glossary |url=https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/2018/02/WGIIAR5-AnnexII_FINAL.pdf |publisher=Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NASA_mitigation_adaptation&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=21 December 2020 |title=Responding to Climate Change |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/solutions/adaptation-mitigation/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210104032553/https://climate.nasa.gov/solutions/adaptation-mitigation/ |archive-date=4 January 2021 |publisher=NASA |ref={{harvid|NASA, Mitigation and Adaptation|2020}}}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=IPCC |title=Adaptation needs and options |url=https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/2018/02/WGIIAR5-Chap14_FINAL.pdf |publisher=Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last1=Green|first1=Donna|last2=Alexander|first2=Lisa|author-link2=Lisa Alexander (earth scientist)|last3=Mclnnes|first3=Kathy|last4=Church|first4=John|last5=Nicholls|first5=Neville|last6=White|first6=Neil|date=11 December 2009|title=An assessment of climate change impacts and adaptation for the Torres Strait Islands, Australia|journal=Climatic Change|volume=102|issue=3–4|pages=405–433|doi=10.1007/s10584-009-9756-2|issn=0165-0009|s2cid=39706162}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last1=Sarkodie|first1=Samuel Asumadu|last2=Strezov|first2=Vladimir|date=2019-03-15|title=Economic, social and governance adaptation readiness for mitigation of climate change vulnerability: Evidence from 192 countries|journal=Science of the Total Environment|language=en|volume=656|pages=150–164|bibcode=2019ScTEn.656..150S|doi=10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.349|issn=0048-9697|pmid=30504017|s2cid=56149895}}&lt;/ref&gt;

د تطابق یا سازښت اړوندې کړنې په درېیو کټګوریو وېشل کېدای شي: لومړی جوړښتي او فزیکي تطابق (چې دا بیا د انجنیرۍ او جوړ شوي چاپېریال، ټکنالوژۍ، ایکوسیستم، او خدماتو پر ګروپونو وېشل کېدای شي)؛ دویم یې ټولنیز تطابق دی (چې پر ښوونیزو، معلوماتي، او رفتاري ډلو وېشل کېږي)؛ او درېیم یې هم اداري تطابق دی (چې اقتصادي سازمانونه، قوانین او مقررات، د حکومتونو پالیسۍ او پروګرامونه په کې راځي).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;Noble, I.R., S. Huq, Y.A. Anokhin, J. Carmin, D. Goudou, F.P. Lansigan, B. Osman-Elasha, and A. Villamizar, 2014: [https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar5/wg2/ Adaptation needs and options]. In: [https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar5/wg2/ Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability]. Part A: Global and Sectoral Aspects. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Field, C.B., V.R. Barros, D.J. Dokken, K.J. Mach, M.D. Mastrandrea, T.E. Bilir, M. Chatterjee, K.L. Ebi, Y.O. Estrada, R.C. Genova, B. Girma, E.S. Kissel, A.N. Levy, S. MacCracken, P.R. Mastrandrea, and L.L.White (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, pp. 833-868.&lt;/ref&gt;

تطابق په مخ پر وده هېوادونو کې ځانګړی اهمیت لري، ځکه دا هېوادونه د اقلیم د بدلون پر وړاندې خورا زیان منونکي دي او د اقلیم د بدلون ډېرې اغېزې پرې لوېږي. د انسان د تطابق وړتیا په بېلابېلو سیمو او وګړو کې په نابرابر ډول وېشل شوې ده او مخ پر وده هېوادونه عموماً د تطابق لپاره کمه وړتیا لري؛ ځکه د تطابق یا سازښت اړونده وړتیا او ظرفیت له ټولنیز او اقتصادي پرمختګ سره نږدې تړاو لري.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Nations |first=United |title=The Health Effects Of Global Warming: Developing Countries Are The Most Vulnerable |url=https://www.un.org/en/chronicle/article/health-effects-global-warming-developing-countries-are-most-vulnerable |access-date=2020-11-24 |website=United Nations |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Unprecedented Impacts of Climate Change Disproportionately Burdening Developing Countries, Delegate Stresses, as Second Committee Concludes General Debate {{!}} Meetings Coverage and Press Releases |url=https://www.un.org/press/en/2019/gaef3516.doc.htm |access-date=2019-12-12 |website=www.un.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last1=Sarkodie|first1=Samuel Asumadu|last2=Ahmed|first2=Maruf Yakubu|last3=Owusu|first3=Phebe Asantewaa|date=2022-04-05|title=Global adaptation readiness and income mitigate sectoral climate change vulnerabilities|url=https://www.nature.com/articles/s41599-022-01130-7|journal=Humanities and Social Sciences Communications|language=en|volume=9|issue=1|pages=1–17|doi=10.1057/s41599-022-01130-7|s2cid=247956525|issn=2662-9992}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|url=http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg2/en/ch19s19-es.html|title=Executive summary. In (book chapter): Chapter 19: Assessing Key Vulnerabilities and the Risk from Climate Change. In: Climate Change 2007: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (M.L. Parry, O.F. Canziani, J.P. Palutikof, P.J. van der Linden and C.E. Hanson, Eds.)|publisher=Print version: [[Cambridge University Press]], Cambridge, UK. This version: IPCC website|year=2007|isbn=978-0-521-88010-7|access-date=6 April 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100502171249/http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg2/en/ch19s19-es.html|archive-date=2 May 2010|url-status=dead|authors=Schneider, S.H., S. Semenov, A. Patwardhan, I. Burton, C.H.D. Magadza, M. Oppenheimer, A.B. Pittock, A. Rahman, J.B. Smith, A. Suarez and F. Yamin}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|author=IPCC|url=http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/syr/en/spms4.html|title=4. Adaptation and mitigation options. In (book section): Summary for Policymakers. In: Climate Change 2007: Synthesis Report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (Core Writing Team, Pachauri, R.K and Reisinger, A. (eds.))|publisher=Print version: IPCC, Geneva, Switzerland. This version: IPCC website|year=2007|isbn=978-92-9169-122-7|access-date=26 April 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100501175206/http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/syr/en/spms4.html|archive-date=1 May 2010|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

په ټوله کې د پرمختګ لوړه کچه د لوړ تطابق د وړتیا لرلو معنا لري، خو ځینې پرمختګونه بیا خلک په ځانګړو ماډلونو یا چلندونو کې راګیروي؛ او تر ټولو ډېرې پرمختللې سیمې ښايي د طبیعي ګواښونو له هغو نویو ډولونو سره د تطابق یا سازګارۍ ډېره لږه وړتیا ولري چې د ډېرو پېژندل شویو طبیعي ګواښونو په پرتله له وړاندې ډېر نه وي تجربه شوي. د اقلیم له بدلون سره د تطابق اقتصادي لګښتونه ښایي په راتلونکو څو لسیزو کې هر کال میلیاردونه ډالره وي.

== تعریف ==
په ۲۰۲۲ کال کې د اقلیمي بدلونونو حکومت‌منځي پلاوي (IPCC) د ارزونې په شپږم راپور کې د اقلیم تطابق په انساني سیستمونو کې &quot;د زیانونو د تعدیل یا له ګټورو فرصتونو څخه د ګټې اخیستنې په موخه له حقیقي یا متوقع اقلیم او د هغه له اغېزو سره د سازګارۍ د پروسې&quot; په توګه تعریف شوی دی. له بلې خوا په طبیعي سیستمونو کې بیا تطابق &quot;له حقیقي اقلیم او د هغه له اغېزو سره د سازګارۍ پروسه ده&quot; چې انساني مداخله ښایي د اسانتیاوو رامنځته کولو رول په کې ولوبوي.&lt;ref name=&quot;:12&quot;&gt;{{cite book|last1=Pörtner|first1=Hans-O.|title=Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability|last2=Roberts|first2=Debra|last3=Adams|first3=Helen|last4=Adler|first4=Caroline|publisher=[[Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change]]|series=Contribution of Working Group II to the [[IPCC Sixth Assessment Report|Sixth Assessment Report]] of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change|at=|chapter=Summary for Policymakers|display-authors=etal|chapter-url=https://report.ipcc.ch/ar6wg2/pdf/IPCC_AR6_WGII_SummaryForPolicymakers.pdf}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== موخې ==

=== د اقلیمي بدلون اغېزو ته غبرګون ===
د ۲۰۱۵ کال د پاریس تړون له مخې هېوادونه ملزم دي چې په روانه پېړۍ کې د نړۍ د تودوخې لوړوالی د صنعتي کېدو وړاندې پړاو له کچې ور پورته له ۲ سانتي ګراد څخه کم وساتي او هڅه وکړي چې د تودوخې لوړوالی تر ۱.۵ سانتي ګراد پورې محدود کړي. ان که د ګلخانه‌يي ګازونو خپرېدل نسبتاً ژر ودرول شي، نړیواله تودوخه او د هغې اغېزې به د اقلیمي سیستم د ناتوانۍ له امله ډېر کلونه بیا هم دوام وکړي، نو ځکه خالص صفر یا د ګلخانه‌يي ګازونو بېخي نشتون (net zero) او تطابق دواړه اړین دي.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=The Paris Agreement |url=https://unfccc.int/process-and-meetings/the-paris-agreement/the-paris-agreement |access-date=2020-11-24 |website=unfccc.int}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Farber|first=Daniel A.|date=2007|title=Adapting to Climate Change: Who Should Pay?|url=https://scholarship.law.berkeley.edu/facpubs/517|journal=Journal of Land Use &amp; Environmental Law|volume=23|pages=1|doi=10.2139/ssrn.980361|issn=1556-5068|s2cid=153945185}}&lt;/ref&gt;

د چاپېریال او تمدن لپاره اټکل شوې اغېزې زیاتې او بېلابېلې دي. اصلي اغېزه د نړۍ د متوسطې تودوخې زیاتوالی دی. له ۲۰۱۳ کال راهیسې د ځمکې د سطحې منځنۍ تودوخه ښایي د پېړۍ تر پایه له ۰.۳ څخه تر ۴.۸ سانتي ګراد (۰.۵ تر ۸.۶ فارنهایت) پورې زیاته شي. دا د بېلابېلو ثانوي اغېزو لامل کېږي چې په ډېری مواردو کې د بدلون کچه په کې ناڅرګنده وي. تر ټولو مهم یې د ورښت په نمونو یا الګوګانو کې بدلونونه، د سمندر د سطحې لوړېدل، د کرنې بدلېدونکې نمونې یا الګوګانې، د شدید موسم د پېښو زیاتوالی، د ګرمسیرو یا تودو سیمو د ناروغیو د لړۍ پراخوالی، او د نویو سمندري سوداګریزو لارو پرانیستل دي. د اقلیم بدلون څو اړخیزې ټولنیزې اغېزې هم لري چې په کې نابرابرۍ (ټولنیزې نابرابرۍ)، بې‌وزلي او د کورنیو لپاره د خوراکي توکو او نورې پاملرنې د اصلي چمتو کوونکو په توګه پر مېرمنو لا ډېر بوج په کې شاملېږي. پر دې سربېره، نورې ټولنیزې اغېزې لکه د کډوالۍ زیاتوالی او د اوبو او ځمکې په څېر سرچینو پر سر شخړې، په ټولیزه توګه د بدلون د یوازني یا اصلي محرک په توګه د اقلیم بدلون ته منسوبول ګران کار دی.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Technical Summary|2013|p=57}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

احتمالي بایوفزیکي اغېزې د ۱۹۹۰ او ۲۱۰۰ کلونو تر منځ له ۱۱۰ څخه تر ۷۷۰ ملي مترو (له ۰.۳۶ څخه تر ۲.۵ فوټو) پورې د سمندر د سطحې لوړوالی، پر کرنه اغېزې، د ترموهالین د جریان احتمالي سستوالی، د اوزون طبقې کمېدل، د شدید اقلیم د پېښو د شدت او تعدد زیاتوالی، د سمندر د پي.اېچ کموالی او په ګرمسېرو یا تودو سیمو کې د ملاریا او ډینګي تبې په څېر ناروغیو خپرېدل رانغاړي.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Jackson |first=Randal |title=The Effects of Climate Change |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/effects |access-date=2022-06-18 |website=Climate Change: Vital Signs of the Planet}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== د خطر د عواملو کمول ===
تطابق کولی شي د خطر د درېیو فکنورونو له لارې د اقلیم د خطر په کمولو کې مرسته وکړي. دا درې فکټورونه: خطرونه، زیانمنتیا او له خطر سره مخ کېدل دي. د اقلیم د خطرونو اغېزې (معمولاً طبیعي خطرونه) ښایي د ایکوسیستم پر بنسټ د تطابق په مرسته راکمې شي. د بېلګې په توګه که منګروونه یا د استوایي سیمو ګڼ ځنګلونه د طوفان د انرژۍ د کمولو وړتیا ولري، د سېلابونو مخه نیول کېدای شي. په دې توګه د منګروو ایکوسیستم ساتنه ښایي د تطابق یا سازښت یوه بڼه وي. بیمه او د معیشت تنوع د انعطاف کچه لوړوي او د زیان‌مننې کچه راکموي. د زیان‌مننې د کچې راکمولو لپاره په نورو اقداماتو کې د ټولنیز خوندیتوب پیاوړتیا او د خطرونو پر وړاندې مقاومت لرونکې زېربناوې جوړول شامل دي. د اقلیم د اړوندو لوړو خطرونو له لرونکو سیمو څخه د وتلو له لارې له خطرونو سره د مخ کېدو کچه راکمېدای شي، لکه سېلاب نیوونکې جلګې او د مخکې خبرتیاوږ او ایستلو یا تخلیې لپاره د سیستمونو ښه کول.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last1=Abram|first1=N.|title=The Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate|last2=Gattuso|first2=J.-P.|last3=Prakash|first3=A.|last4=Cheng|first4=L.|last5=Chidichimo|first5=M. P.|last6=Crate|first6=S.|last7=Enomoto|first7=H.|last8=Garschagen|first8=M.|last9=Gruber|first9=N.|publisher=IPCC|year=2019|pages=88|chapter=Chapter 1: Framing and Context of the Report|ref={{harvid|IPCC SROCC Ch1|2019}} &lt;!-- ipcc:20200202 --&gt;|display-authors=4|chapter-url=https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/sites/3/2019/11/05_SROCC_Ch01_FINAL.pdf|last13=Rice|last11=Holland|first12=R. M.|last12=Kudela|first13=J.|last10=Harper|first14=K.|first11=E.|last15=von Schuckmann|first10=S.|first15=K.|last14=Steffen}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== د تطابق د اقداماتو کټګورۍ ==
د تطابق اقدامات یا کړنې په درېیو کټګوریو وېشل کېدای شي:&lt;ref name=&quot;:02&quot;&gt;Noble, I.R., S. Huq, Y.A. Anokhin, J. Carmin, D. Goudou, F.P. Lansigan, B. Osman-Elasha, and A. Villamizar, 2014: [https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar5/wg2/ Adaptation needs and options]. In: [https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar5/wg2/ Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability]. Part A: Global and Sectoral Aspects. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Field, C.B., V.R. Barros, D.J. Dokken, K.J. Mach, M.D. Mastrandrea, T.E. Bilir, M. Chatterjee, K.L. Ebi, Y.O. Estrada, R.C. Genova, B. Girma, E.S. Kissel, A.N. Levy, S. MacCracken, P.R. Mastrandrea, and L.L.White (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, pp. 833-868.&lt;/ref&gt;

# جوړښتي او فزیکي تطابق (چې د انجنیرۍ او جوړ شوي چاپېریال، ټکنالوژۍ، ایکوسیستم، او خدماتو پر ګروپونو وېشل کېدای شي)؛
# ټولنیز تطابق (چې پر ښوونیزو، معلوماتي، او رفتاري ډلو وېشل کېږي)؛
# اداري تطابق (چې اقتصادي سازمانونه، قوانین او مقررات، د حکومتونو پالیسۍ او پروګرامونه په کې راځي).

== لګښتونه ==
له اقلیمي بدلون سره د تطابق اقتصادي لګښتونه ښایي په راتلونکو څو لسیزو کې هر کال ملیاردونه ډالره وي، که څه هم د اړتیا وړ پیسو دقیقه اندازه معلومه نه ده. له تطابق سره پر تړلو مستقیمو لګښتونو سربېره یو غیرمستقیم لګښت هم شته چې له تولیدي څخه د تطبیقي پانګې په لور د سرچینو د انحراف له امله رامنځته کېږي (او د تطبیق وړ یا تطبیقي پانګونې د اغېزې په نامه هم پېژندل کېږي). د تطابق ننګونه د اقلیمي بدلون له پراخوالي او سرعت سره لا زیاتېږي. ان د ګلخانه‌يي ګازونو د خپرښت راکمولو له لارې د اقلیمي بدلون ډېر اغېزناک کمښت یا له اتومسفیر څخه د دغو ګازونو لا ډېر حذف (د کاربن د کېناستلو له لارې) هم نه شي کولی د اقلیم د بدلون د نورو هغو اغېزو مخه ونیسي چې د تطابق اړتیا ناشونې کوي او د تطابق تشه مخ په ډېرېدو ده.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=World Bank|url=http://siteresources.worldbank.org/EXTCC/Resources/EACC-june2010.pdf|title=The Cost to Developing Countries of Adapting to Climate Change: New Methods and Estimates|publisher=World Bank|year=2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;doi.org&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last1=Mohaddes|first1=Kamiar|last2=Williams|first2=Rhys|date=2020|title=The Adaptive Investment Effect: Evidence from Chinese Provinces|url=https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2020.109332|journal=Economics Letters|volume=193|issue=1|pages=109332|doi=10.1016/j.econlet.2020.109332|s2cid=219557741|issn=0165-1765}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|author=Verbruggen|first=A.|url=http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg3/en/annex1sglossary-j-p.html|title=Glossary J-P. In (book section): Annex I. In: Climate Change 2007: Mitigation. Contribution of Working Group III to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (B. Metz et al. (eds.))|publisher=Print version: Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, and New York, N.Y., U.S.A.. This version: IPCC website|year=2007|isbn=978-0-521-88011-4|access-date=23 April 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100503041746/http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg3/en/annex1sglossary-j-p.html|archive-date=3 May 2010|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;UNFCCC, [http://unfccc.int/essential_background/glossary/items/3666.php UNFCCC Glossary of Climate Change Acronyms], accessed 24 October 2010 {{dead link|date=December 2016|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;UNFCCC, [http://unfccc.int/essential_background/glossary/items/3666.php UNFCCC Glossary of Climate Change Acronyms], accessed 24 October 2010 {{dead link|date=December 2016|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

خورا زیات څېړنیز مواد د نړیوالې تودوخې پر وړاندې د غبرګون لپاره شته اختیارونه ارزوي. د دغو موادو ډېره برخه د بېلابېلو ستراتیژیو اړوند احتمالي اقتصادي لګښتونه په ګوته کوي. د اسیا پراختیایي بانک په اسیا - ارام سمندر سیمه کې د اقلیمي بدلون د اقتصادي اړخ په اړه یو لړ څېړنې لري. دا څېړنې د تطابق او اغېزو راکمولو د اقداماتو د لګښت تحلیل وړاندې کوي. د اوبو د ارزونې او پلان جوړونې سیستم (WEAP) د اوبو د سرچینو له څېړونکو او پلان جوړونکو سره د اقلیمي بدلون د اغېزو او تطابق په ارزونه کې مرسته کوي. د ملګرو ملتونو د پراختیایي پروګرام د اقلیمي بدلون د تطابق پورټل هم په افریقا، اروپا او مرکزي اسیا، اسیا او ارام سمندر کې د اقلیمي بدلون د تطابق په اړه څېړنې رانغاړي.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Home {{!}} UNDP Climate Change Adaptation |url=https://www.adaptation-undp.org/ |access-date=2021-03-23 |website=www.adaptation-undp.org |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last1=Westphal|first1=Michael|url=https://www.adb.org/publications/economics-climate-change-east-asia|title=Economics of Climate Change in East Asia|last2=Hughes|first2=Gordon|last3=Brömmelhörster|first3=Jörn|date=2013-10-01|publisher=Asian Development Bank|isbn=978-92-9254-288-7|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

د تطابق او اغېزو راکمولو په لګښتونو پورې پر تړلو مستقیمو لګښتونو سربېره ځینې داسې څېړنې هم شته دي چې د دغو تطابقي موخو په لوري له تولیدي سرچینو څخه د منابعو له لرې کولو سره تړاو لري. دغه ډول انحراف ته د تطبیقي پانګونې اغېز ویل کېږي او شواهد ښيي چې پر اقتصادي وده د پانګونې اغېز شاوخوا ۳۰ سلنه په هغو سیمو کې کم شوی چې د تطبیقي ټکنالوژیو په برخه کې ډېره پانګونه کوي.&lt;ref name=&quot;doi.org2&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last1=Mohaddes|first1=Kamiar|last2=Williams|first2=Rhys|date=2020|title=The Adaptive Investment Effect: Evidence from Chinese Provinces|url=https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2020.109332|journal=Economics Letters|volume=193|issue=1|pages=109332|doi=10.1016/j.econlet.2020.109332|s2cid=219557741|issn=0165-1765}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== نړیوالې موخې ==
د تل‌پاتې پراختیا دیارلسمه موخه چې په ۲۰۱۵ کال کې ټاکل شوې ړخ، موخه یې د اقلیم له اړوندو مسائلو سره د هېوادونو د انعطاف او سازګارۍ د وړتیاوو او ظرفیتونو پیاوړي کول دي. په دغه تعدیل کې ګڼې برخې شاملې دي چې زېربناوې، کرنه او تعلیم یې د بېلګې په توګه یادولی شو. د پاریس په تړون کې د تطابق یا سازښت لپاره ګڼ شرایط شامل دي. دغه شرایط په دې لټه کې دي چې د نړیوال مسؤولیت مفکورې ته وده ورکړي، د ملي ټاکل شویو مشارکتونو د انطباق د عنصر له لارې اړیکو ته پراختیا ورکړي، او هم یو داسې تړون په کې شامل دی چې پرمختللي هېوادونه باید یو څه مالي ملاتړ او د ټکنالوژۍ لېږد چمتو کړي تر څو په ډېرو زیان منونکو هېوادونو کې تطابق ترویج او وده ورکړي.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite report|url=https://cdkn.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/Global-adaptation-goals-paper.pdf|title=The Global Goal for Adaptation under the Paris Agreement: Putting ideas into action.|last1=Ngwadla|first1=X|last2=El-Bakri|first2=S.|date=2016|publisher=Climate and Development Knowledge Network.|location=London, UK|pages=11–17}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=4 September 2019|title=The Guardian: Benefits to farmers of global heating outweighed by losses, says report|newspaper=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2019/sep/04/benefits-to-farmers-of-global-heating-outweighed-by-losses-says-report}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=10 November 2019 |title=The Varsity: Quantifying the climate crisis: how changes could impact road maintenance |url=https://thevarsity.ca/2019/11/10/quantifying-the-climate-crisis-how-changes-could-impact-road-maintenance/}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last1=Campbell|first1=Bruce M.|last2=Hansen|first2=James|last3=Rioux|first3=Janie|last4=Stirling|first4=Clare M.|last5=Twomlow|first5=Stephen|last6=(Lini) Wollenberg|first6=Eva|year=2018|title=Urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts (SDG 13): transforming agriculture and food systems|url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877343517302385|journal=Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability|volume=34|pages=13–20|doi=10.1016/j.cosust.2018.06.005|s2cid=158757940}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== د هېوادونو له مخې ==
د ملګرو ملتونو د ۲۰۲۰ کال د راپور موندنې ښیي چې په داسې حال کې چې ۷۲ سلنه هېوادونو د پلان، پالیسۍ یا ستراتیژۍ په څېر په لوړه کچه د تطابق وسایل لرل، خو بیا هم په نسبي ډول لږو هېوادونو د پروژو د ملموس تطبیق پر لوري پرمختګ کړی دی. لږ تر لږه تر دې کچې چې د اقلیم هغه خطر چې د دوی خپل وګړي په کې له ګواښ سره مخ دي، پام وړ نه و کم شوی.&lt;ref&gt;United Nations Environment Programme (2021). [https://www.unep.org/resources/adaptation-gap-report-2020 Adaptation Gap Report 2020]. Nairobi&lt;/ref&gt;

== د ښارونو له مخې ==
د ۲۰۲۱ کال د مې میاشتې راپور د نړۍ د ۸۱۲ ښارونو د سروې پر بنسټ موندلې چې په داسې حال کې چې ۹۳ سلنو یې راپور ورکړی چې دوی د اقلیمي بدلون له خطر سره مخ دي، مګر بیا هم ۴۳ سلنو یې د تطابق پلان نه درلود او ۴۱ سلنه ښارونو بیا د اقلیمي خطر او زیان مننې ارزونه نه وه کړې.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=12 May 2021 |title=Nearly half of cities lack plans to keep populations safe from climate threats |url=https://www.cdp.net/en/articles/media/nearly-half-of-cities-lack-plans-to-keep-populations-safe-from-climate-threats |access-date=21 May 2021 |work=[[Carbon Disclosure Project]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== سرچينې ==</text>
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    <title>په نیو اشوري امپراتورۍ کې دولتي اړيکې</title>
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      <text bytes="12002" xml:space="preserve">په نیواشوري امپراتورۍ کې دولتي اړیکو د اشور پاچا او چارواکو ته اجازه ورکوله چې په ټوله امپراتورۍ کې په چټک او د باور وړ ډول لیکونه ولېږي او ترلاسه کړي. پیغامونه د [[په نیو اشوري امپراتورۍ کې دولتي اړيکې#%20ftn1|[1]]]ريلې کولو د یو سیستم (په اشوري: ''kalliu'') له لارې لېږل کېدل چې له ميلاد څخه مخکې د لومړی زریزې په لومړیو کې انقلابي و. پیغامونه د سپرو پوځیانو له‌خوا چې پر کچرو يې سفر کاوه لېږدول کېدل. په مهالنيو واټنونو کې به پیغامونه تازه دمو سپرو پوځیانو ته سپارل کېدل او لومړني به هلته (په مشخصو تمځایونو کې) دمه کېدل. تمځایونه د امپراتورۍ د لويې لارې په سیستم کې په منظمو فاصلو کې جوړ شوي وو. په دې توګه پیغامونه له ځنډ پرته لېږل کېدی شوی یا هم پرته له دې چې د سپرو پوځیانو د دمې کولو لپاره په تمه پاتې شي، دې سیستم بې ساری ارتباطي سیستم وړاندې کاوه چې د تلګراف تر معرفي کېدو مخکې په منځني ختيځ کې راونه پرځول شو. 

د دې سیستم اغېزمنتیا په منځي ختيځ کې د نیو-اشوري امپراتورۍ په واکمنۍ او په ټوله امپراتورۍ کې د انسجام په ټېنګښت کې مرسته وکړه. د اشوریانو دا نوښت د راتلونکو نورو امپراتوريو په واسطه ومنل شو چې له ډلې يې د اشوریانو د ارتباطي شبکې د پراختیا وارثه د هخامنشیانو امپراتوري یادولی شو. 

== تاريخچه ==
نیو-اشوري امپراتوري د اوسپنې په زمانه کې یوه امپراتوري وه چې مرکز يې په بین النهرین کې و. د دویم اداد-نیراري (چې له ميلاد څخه مخکې يې له ۸۹۱ څخه تر ۹۱۱ کال پورې واکمني وکړه) واکمني د امپراتورۍ د پیل په توګه په پام کې نیول کيږي. هغه او د هغه ځای‌ناستو له ميلاد څخه مخکې د اوومې پېړۍ تر وروستیو پورې د منځني ختيځ پر ډېره برخه د ا مپراتورۍ واک ته پراختیا ورکړه چې په لویديځ کې تر مصر په ختيځ کې تر فارس خليج پورې غزېده. د امپراورۍ له ودې سره یې بېلابېلې بېخ‌بناوې او اداري نوښتونه وړاندې کړل چې د راتلونکو امپراتوریو لکه د مصر او ایران امپراتوریو ته په بېلګو بدل شول.  {{sfn|Radner|2015b|p=95}}{{sfn|Encyclopædia Britannica|2017}}

د دولتي اړيکو سیستم د یوې لويې امپراتورۍ د حکومت‌ولي د ننګوونو د حل لپاره رامنځته شوی و. په احتمالي ډول د درېیم شلمانسر (واکمني. له میلاد څخه مخکې له ۸۲۴-۸۵۸ کال) له واکمنۍ څخه سرچينه اخلي چې هغه مهال اشور په منځني ختيځ کې تر ټولو ستر ځواک و. په امپراتورۍ کې د انسجام د خوندیتوب او حکومت لپاره پاچا او د هغه د دربار چارواکو او قومندانانو په ولایتونو کې د اړیکو د جوړولو لپاره یو چټک او د باور وړ سیستم ته اړتیا لرله. {{sfn|Radner|2012|loc=Road stations across the empire}}

== اجزاء ==

=== کچر ===
اوږدو فاصلو ته د دولتي پیغام رسوونکي په ځانکړي ډول پر کچرو سپرېدل. اشور لومړنی تمدن و چې د دې موخې لپاره يې له کچرو څخه کار واخیست. کچر دوه رګي څاروي دي چې پلار يې خر او مور يې اسپه وي. هغوی د یو اس د ځواکمنتیا او د یو خره د ځيږتوب ترکیب لري. د هغوی نه باروري او د روزنې پراخه اړتیا د هغوی د قیمت‌والي په معنا وه، خو د هغوی استحکام، سخت‌سري او د نیو اشوري امپراتورۍ په اقلیمي شرایطو کې په اوږدو فاصلو کې د سفر لپاره د هغوی ساتنې دوی اېډیال کړي وو. کچر همدارنګه په رود کې د لامبو کولو له امله هم ښه و- چې دا په ټول بین النهرین کې یو عام خنډ و. سپرو پوځیانو د اشور د اړیکو په سیستم کې له دوو کچرو سره سفر کاوه، داسې که چېرې یو ګوډ شوی وی دوی به نه سرګردانه کېدل او د هغوی د تازه ساتلو لپاره به په متناوب ډول پرې سپرېدل.   {{sfn|Radner|2012|loc=The original hybrid transport technology}}{{sfn|Radner|2018|loc=0:07}}

=== ريلې چلوونکي ===
رسمي پيغامونه د ریلې سیستم د یو لړ سپرو پوځیانو یا د باور وړ استازي په‌واسطه د یو لیک له لارې لېږل کېدای شوی. د ریلې سیستم (کالیو/ kalliu) یو اشوري نوښت و چې د چټکو اړیکو جوړولو اسانتیا ته یې اجازه ورکړې وه. د دې پر ځای چې یوازې په یوه باوري سپاره سرتېري تکیه وشي هر سپاره پوځي به یوازې د لارې یوه برخه واټن واهه. دا برخه په تمځای کې پای ته رسېده، چېرته به چې لیک له دوه تازه دمو کچرو سره بل سپاره سرتېري ته سپارل کېده. دا چې سپاره سرتېري او کچېرې به په هر تمځای کې د لومړني لېږدوونکي له دمې پرته بدلېدل، پیغامونه په ډېرې چټکۍ سره لېږدول کېدل. سپاره سرتېري او کچر د اشوري پوځیانو په‌واسطه تأمینېدل.  {{sfn|Radner|2018|loc=13:06}}{{sfn|Radner|2018|loc=4:20}}{{sfn|Radner|2015|p=64}}

د ریلې سیستم د چټکتیا سره سره له باوري استازو څخه هم د اړیکو د نه حیاتیت په صورت کې کار اخیستل کېده او ډېرو حساسو پیغامونو یا هغو ته چې ځای پر ځای (د پېښې له ځایه) ځوابونه ته يې اړتیا لرله لومړیتوب ورکول کېده. ځينې وختونه دواړه میتودونه په هم‌مهال ډول کارول کېدل، لکه د سناچېریب له ولیعهد شهزاده څخه د هغه پلار دویم سارګون ته پاتې شوی لیک.   {{sfn|Radner|2015|p=64}}

=== د سړک شبکه ===
نیو-اشوري امپراتورۍ د لویې لارې یو سیستم جوړ کړ چې د امپراتورۍ ټولې برخې يې سره نښلولې. دا سړکونه چې د هول‌ساري/''hūl šarri''  (یا هارن ساري/ ''harran šarri'' چې په بابلي ژبه د «پاچا د سړکونو په معنا و») په نوم یادېدل، ښايي د پوځي لښکر لېږدونو په موخه د کارول شویو لارو په توګه يې وده کړې وي. هغوی په پرلپسې ډول پراختیا موندله، چې تر ټولو لويه پراختیا يې د درېیم شلمانسر د واکمنۍ (له میلاد څخه مخکې ۸۲۴-۸۵۸) او د درېیم تيګلاتپیلسر (له ميلاد څخه مخکې ۷۲۷-۷۴۵) د واکمنۍ تر منځ وه. {{sfn|Kessler|1997|p=130}}

=== تمځایونه ===
د اړیکو د سیستم په ملاتړ د امپراتورۍ قومندانانو په‌خپلو ولایتونو کې د پاچا د سړک په اوږدو کې په منظمو فاصلو کې د تمځایونو لړۍ ساتلې. چې په اشوري ژبه ورته بېت‌مرديټ/ bēt mardēti(د یوې ټاکلې لارې کورنی دريځ) ویل کېدل. په دغه ځايونو کې سپرو سرتېرو خپل لیکونه له کچرو سره نویو سپرو سرتېرو ته سپارل. هغوی په مېشت ځایونو لکه د نیپور ښار، یا لرې پرتو سیمو کې دننه جوړ شوي وو، داسې ځایونه چې په یوازې ډول يې منزوي مېشت‌ځایونه جوړول. د تمځایونو تر منځ فاصله نږدې له ۳۵ څخه تر ۴۰ کیلو متره (۲۲ تر ۲۵ مایله) وه. دې تمځایونو د لېږدونکو کسانو، استازو او د هغوی څارویو ته د لنډمهال لپاره پناه‌ځای او د اړتیاوړ توکي برابرول.  {{sfn|Radner|2012|loc=Road stations across the empire}}{{sfn|Radner|2018|loc=13:06}}{{sfn|Radner|2015|p=63}}{{sfn|Radner|2012|loc=Making speed}}

دا تمځایونه له هغو کاروان‌سرایونو سره د پرتلې وړ و چې وروسته په ټوله اسلامي نړۍ کې د سوداګریزو مسافرو لپاره جوړ شول، په هر حال د اشوریانو د سړک تمځایونه د کاروان‌سرای خلاف د مجازو دولتي پیغامونو په انحصار کې وو او د خصوصي مسافرانو پر مخ تړلي وو. د سړک غاړې له دې تمځایونو څخه هېڅ کوم تمځاي نه پېژندل شوی نه هم کيندل شوی او تاريخ‌پوهان یوازې له اشوري متنونو څخه د هغوی په سپړاوي پوهېږي. {{sfn|Radner|2015|p=63}}{{sfn|Radner|2015|p=65}}

=== جواز او تصدیق/کره‌توب ===
د امپراتورۍ د پوستي سیستم کارونه د لوړپوړو دولتي چارواکو د پيغامونو پر ټولګې محدوده وه. د نږدې ختيځ د تاريخ پروفیسور کارن رادنر اټکل وکړ چې له ۱۵۰ چارواکو څخه جوړې شوې يوې ډلې لپاره چې د اشور د مشرانو په نوم یاديږي د لاس‌رسي وړ وه. دوی ټولو د اشور د سلطنتي مهر یوه کاپي لرله چې د خپل اقتدار د پېژندګلوۍ لپاره يې پيغامونه پرې مهر کول. پر مهر اشوري پاچا له یو نه کنترولېدونکي زمري سره د نښتې په حال کې ښودل کېده او په ټوله امپراتورۍ کې پېژندل کېده. یوازې د دغې مهر لرونکي لیکونه د دولتي سیستم له کارولو سره لېږل کېدل. {{sfn|Radner|2018|loc=13:06}}{{sfn|Radner|2015|p=65}}{{sfn|Radner|2012|loc=Authorisation needed}}

== چټکتیا ==
راندر اټکل وکړ چې د لویديځ سرحدي ولایت قووه (د نننۍ ترکیې ادانا ته څېرمه) څخه د اشور زړه ته د یو پیغام لېږلو- په ۷۰۰ کیلو متره (۴۳۰ مایله)  فاصله کې د یو زاغ د الوتلو په څېر و چې له فرات او دجلې سیندونو او  ډېرو فرعي څانګو څخه تېرېده چې هېڅ یوه هم پل نه درلود- له پنځو ورځو څخه يې لږ وخت نیوه تر څو ورسېږي. د اړیکو دا چټکتیا بې مثاله وه او تر ۱۸۶۵ کال پورې د عثمانې خلافت په بهیر کې د تلګراف تر معرفي کېدو مخکې په منځني ختيځ کې راونه پرځول شو. {{sfn|Radner|2012|loc=Making speed}}{{sfn|Radner|2015|p=64}} 

== سرچينې ==
----[[په نیو اشوري امپراتورۍ کې دولتي اړيکې#%20ftnref1|[1]]] ابلاغول/نقلول، ژباړن</text>
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  <page>
    <title>د ماليزيا کلتور</title>
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      <text bytes="16251" xml:space="preserve">د ماليزيا کلتور د ماليزيا د مختلفو خلکو  مختلف کلتورونه د ځان لور ته کش کوي. لومړي هغه خلک چې په دې سیمه کې يې ژوند کړی، هغه اصلي قبيلې وې چې تر اوسه پاتې دي؛ له دوی وروسته «ماليان» دې سيمې ته ورسېدل، څوک چې دې ځای ته په لرغونې زمانه کې د اسيا له اصلي ځمکو څخه ولاړل. چينايي او هندوستاني کلتوري اغېزو د دې سيمې پېژندګلو هغه مهال منځ ته راوړه، کله چې له دې هېوادونو سره سوداګرۍ پيل شوې او ماليزيا ته کډوالي زياته شوه. په نورو هغو کلتورونو کې چې د ماليزيا په کلتور يې زيات اغېز کړی،  فارسي، عربي او برتانوي کلتورونه شامل دي. ډېری هغه بېلا بېل توکمونه چې اوس په ماليزيا کې شته، خپله ځانګړې او بې سارې کلتوري پېژندګلو لري چې ځینې يې يو بل کې ننوتلي دي.

په مالیزيا کې له اوږدې مودې راهيسې هنر او موسيقي يو دود دی، د «مالايا» هنر تاريخ د مالايا تر سلطنت پورې رسېږي. دوديز هنر په توږلي نقش و نګار، په سپينو زرو پوښلو او اوبدلو متمرکز و. اسلامي بنديزونو د شلمې پېړۍ تر نيمايي پورې د انسانانو انځورګري کوونکي هنري اثار محدود کړل. د هنرونو تر سره کول او د نانځکو د سيورو تمثيل وړاندې کول مشهور دي او ډېر ځله پکې هندوستاني اغېز څرګندېږی. په ماليزیا کې له انفرادي کلتورونو او نورو هېوادونو څخه د ماليزيا په مهندسۍ کې ګڼې اغېزې لېدل کېږي. لويې اوسنۍ ودانۍ جوړې شوي دي، په دوی کې د نړۍ په کچه دوه تر ټولو دنګې ودانۍ شاملې دي يعنې د پيټروناس غبرګ برجونه. ماليزيايي موسيقي مختلف قسمونه لري او تر ډېره بريده د موسيقۍ په هغو وسايلو ولاړ دي چې وهل کېږي (د موسيقۍ هغه الات چې په وهلو سره غږېږي). ډېر پخوا ماليزياي ادب په هندوستاني حماسو ولاړ و، کوم چې ان تر هغه وخته هم بدل نه شو، کله چې ماليزيا اسلامي شوه؛ دا په وروستیو لسيزو کې پراخه شوې موسيقي ده. په لوړو طبقو کې انګلیسي ادب محدود پاتې شوی، تر دې چې چاپي رسنۍ دې هېواد ته ورسېدې. په سیمه ييزه کچه پنځول شوي چينايي او هندوستاني ادبيات په نولسمه پېړۍ کې راڅرګند شول.

پخلی يې عموماً پر توکميزو کرښو وېشلی دی، خو داسې خوراکونه هم شته چې د مختلفو توکمونو څخه مخلوط خوراکونه لري. هره ستره ديني ډله خپلې عمده سپېڅلې ورځې لري چې د رسمي رخصتيو په توګه اعلان شوي دي. په هر ايالت کې د رسمي رخصتۍ ورځې مختلفې دي؛ په ټول هېواد خپره ورځ يې د «ميرډیکا» ورځ ده، په کومه ورځ چې د مالايا خپلواکي لمانځل کېږي. سره له دې چې ميلې يې په ځانګړو توکميزو شاليدونو کې ريښې لري، دا ميلې په ماليزيا کې د ټولو خلکو له خوا لمانځل کېږي. په ماليزيا کې دوديزې لوبې مشهورې دي، په داسې حال کې چې دا هېواد د بيډ مينټن په څېر په نړيوالو لوبو کې د ځواک مرکز دی. په ۱۹۹۸ز کال کې ماليزيا د ټولګټو هېوادونود لوبو کوربه و، دا د ټولګټو لومړۍ لوبې وې، چېرته چې مشعل له انګلستان او کوربه څخه له زياتو هېوادونو څخه تېر شو. 

د ماليزيا حکومت د «۱۹۷۱ ملي کلتور تګلارې» په مټ د مالیزيايي کلتور د تعريفولو لپاره اقدامات کړي دي، کوم چې هغه څه تعريف کړل چې رسمي کلتور بلل کېږي، بنياد کې يې مالايي کلتور او اسلامي اغېزې يو ځای شوي دي. دې چارې په ځانګړي ډول په ژبه اغېز وکړ؛ يواځې مالايي رسم الخط رسمي کلتوري رسم الخط بلل کېږي. په رسنيو د حکومت واکمني پیاوړې ده او ډېرې رسنيزې ادارې په يو نه يو ډول د حکومت پورې اړه لري.

== شاليد ==
ماليزيا له دوه جلا جلا جغرافيايی سيمو څخه جوړ هېواد دی چې هغه دا دي: ټاپووزمه ييزه ماليزيا او ختيځه ماليزيا. ماليزيا هغه مهال جوړه شوه کله چې په ۱۹۶۳ز کال کې د مالايا فدراسيون له شمالي بورنو (اوسني سباها ولايت)، سارواک او سينګاپور (په ۱۹۶۵ کې جلا شو) سره يو ځای شول او د ټاپووزمه يييزې او ختيځې ماليزيا تر منځ کلتوري توپير لا هم شته. د ماليزيا د جوړېدو پر مهال، اجرائيوي واک د درې توکميزو بنسټونو پر اساس د سياسي ګوندونو اتحاد «پيريکات» (وروسته باريسان نيشنل) ته ورکړل شو چې دا ګوندونه دا دي: متحده ماليزيا ملي سازمان (UMNO)، ماليزيايي چينايي ټولنه (MCA) او ماليزياي هندوستاني کانګريس (MIC). UMNO له پيل څخه په دې اتحاد غالب ځواک و. سره له دې چې اسلام د دولت رسمي دين دی، د ماليزيا اساسي قانون د مذهب ازادي تضمين کړې ده.&lt;ref name=&quot;CIA Fact Book&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Malaysia |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/malaysia/ |access-date=4 November 2010 |publisher=Cia.gov}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=8 November 2010 |title=Was Merdeka taken or was it given? |url=http://www.malaysia-today.net/mtcolumns/35825-was-merdeka-taken-or-was-it-given |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101111112802/http://www.malaysia-today.net/mtcolumns/35825-was-merdeka-taken-or-was-it-given |archive-date=11 November 2010 |access-date=15 November 2010 |publisher=Malaysia-today.net |df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=14 July 2010 |title=Malaysia |url=https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2777.htm |access-date=15 November 2010 |publisher=State.gov}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=31 May 2007 |title=No Freedom of Worship for Muslims Says Court |url=http://ipsnews.net/news.asp?idnews=37973 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080527203413/http://www.ipsnews.net/news.asp?idnews=37973 |archive-date=27 May 2008 |access-date=15 November 2010 |publisher=Ipsnews.net |df=dmy}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== توکميزې ډلې ===
ماليزيا ګڼ توکميزه، ګڼ کلتوري او ګڼ ژبنۍ ټولنه لري او په ماليزيا کې ډېری توکميزې ډلې جلاجلا کلتوري پېژندګلو لري. د ماليزيا تولنه د «په کوچنۍ بڼه اسيا» په توګه تعريف شوې ده. د دې سیمې د اصلي کلتور ريښې په اصلي اوسېدونکو قبايلو کې خپرې دي، تر څنګ يې مالايان دي، څوک چې دې سيمې ته په لرغونو وختونو کې تللي دي. وروسته پکې د چينايي او هندوستاني کلتورونو اغېز موندل کېږي چې تاريخ يې هغه وختونو ته رسېږي، کله چې دې هېوادونو په ياده سيمه کې سوداګري پيل کړه. نورو هغو کلتورونو کې چې په ماليزيا  يې د پام وړ اغېز کړی، فارسي، عربي او برتانوي کلتورونه شامل دي. د حکومت جوړښت، د يو ټولنيز تړون له تصور څخه منځ ته راغلي ځواک د نسلي توازن سره يو ځای، د مالايا او ماليزيايي توکميزو لږکيو د کلتوري ادغام لپاره د ډېر کم ترغيب لامل ګرځېدلی دی. له تاريخي اړخه حکومت د مالايي کلتور او ماليزيايي کلتور تر منځ ډېر کم توپير کړی دی.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Kahn|first=Joel S.|title=Southeast Asian Identities: Culture and the Politics of Representation in Indonesia, Malaysian, Singapore and Thailand|publisher=Institute of Southeast Asian Studies|year=1998|location=Singapore|page=169|url=https://www.google.com/books?id=CtbQ2LRJ6YIC&amp;printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false|isbn=981-3055-79-0}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last1=Andaya|first1=Barbara Watson|last2=Andaya|first2=Leonard Y.|title=A History of Malaysia|publisher=MacMillan Press Ltd.|year=1982|location=London|page=xiii|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5GSBCcNn1fsC|isbn=0-333-27672-8}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;library438&quot;&gt;{{citation|periodical=Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde|author=R. Raghavan|title=Ethno-racial marginality in West Malaysia: The case of the Peranakan Hindu Melaka or Malaccan Chitty community|year=1977|number=4)|issn=0006-2294|volume=133|publisher=Royal Netherlands Institute of Southeast Asian and Caribbean Studies|pages=438–458|doi=10.1163/22134379-90002605|df=dmy|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Crouch|first=Harold A.|author-link=Harold Crouch|title=Government and Society in Malaysia|publisher=Cornell University|year=1996|location=New York|page=[https://archive.org/details/governmentsociet00crou/page/167 167]|url=https://archive.org/details/governmentsociet00crou|url-access=registration|isbn=0-8014-3218-9}}&lt;/ref&gt;

مالايا چې د ماليزيا د وګړو له نيمايي زياته برخه جوړوي، له سياسي اړخه واکمنه دنده تر سره کوي او د «بومي پترا» په نوم پېژندل کېدونکي ډلبندۍ کې شامله ده. د «بهاسا ماليزيا» په نوم د دوی اصلي ژبه د هېواد ملي ژبه ده. د ماليزيا د اساسي قانون د تعريف تر مخې، تول مالايا مسلمانان دي. «اولنګ اسال» چې د ماليزيا لومړي اوسېدونکي دي، په ۲۰۰۰ز کال کې يې د ماليزيا د وګړو يواځې ۰.۵٪ سلنه برخه نيولې وه، خو د ختيځې ماليزيا، بورنيو کې يې د اکثريت استازولي کوله. په سراواک اوسبا کې، ډيری نامسلمان اصلي اوسېدونکې ډلې د «ډاياکس» په توګه ډلبندي شوي دي او دوی په دې ايالت کې شا اوخوا ۴۰ سلنه وګړي تشکيلوي. ډېرو قبيلو مسيحيت منلی دی. ۱۴۰۰۰۰ اورنګ اسلي يا اصلي اوسېدونکي خلک، په ټاپوزممه ييزه ماليزيا کې په جلا جلا توکميزو ټولنو کې ژوند کوي.&lt;ref name=&quot;CIA Fact Book2&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Malaysia |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/malaysia/ |access-date=4 November 2010 |publisher=Cia.gov}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;iias&quot;&gt;{{Citation|author=Gomes, Aleberto G.|url=http://www.iias.nl/nl/35/IIAS_NL35_10.pdf|title=The Orang Asli of Malaysia|publisher=International Institute for Asian Studies|access-date=7 October 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130412152950/http://www.iias.nl/nl/35/IIAS_NL35_10.pdf|archive-date=12 April 2013|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;CONSTITUTION 152&quot;&gt;Article 152. Constitution of Malaysia.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Gomes|first=Alberto G.|title=Modernity and Malaysia: Settling the Menraq Forest Nomads|publisher=Taylor &amp; Francis Group|year=2007|location=New York|page=10|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IiTgShFY2QEC|isbn=978-0-203-96075-2}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;matic1&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Religion |url=http://www.matic.gov.my/en/tourism/about-malaysia/religion.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110410214421/http://matic.gov.my/en/tourism/about-malaysia/religion.html |archive-date=10 April 2011 |access-date=8 November 2010 |publisher=Matic.gov.my}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|url=http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/topic,463af2212,469f2e7114a,469f3aaf3d7,0.html|title=Assessment for Dayaks in Malaysia|date=31 December 2003|access-date=7 October 2010|publisher=Refworld, UNHCR}}&lt;/ref&gt;

له پېړيو راهيسې چينايان په ماليزيا کې اباد دي او د دې هېواد دويمه ستره توکميزه ډله ده. لمړي چینايان چې په دې ابنايي کلیو کې اباد شوي، په عمده ډول په مالاکا او د مالاکا په شا او خوا کې، په کرار کرار يې د ماليزيايي کلتور عناصر خپل کړل او د ماليزيايي ټولنو سره يې ودونه وکړل او په دې ډول يوه نوې توکميزه ډله منځ ته راغله، کومې ته چې پيرانکان (ابنايي چينيان) ويل کېږي. دې چينايانو د مالايا کلتور د عناصرو په ساتلو سره، مالايي دودونه خپل کړي دي، لکه په پراخه کچه د هغوی بودايي او ټاوسټ دين. په ټاپوزمه ييزه ماليزيا کې ويل کېدونکې چينايي ژبې ډولونه کينټونيز، مينډارن، هوکين، کوکي، هيناني او فوزو دي.&lt;ref name=&quot;CIA Fact Book4&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Malaysia |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/malaysia/ |access-date=4 November 2010 |publisher=Cia.gov}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;library4382&quot;&gt;{{citation|periodical=Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde|author=R. Raghavan|title=Ethno-racial marginality in West Malaysia: The case of the Peranakan Hindu Melaka or Malaccan Chitty community|year=1977|number=4)|issn=0006-2294|volume=133|publisher=Royal Netherlands Institute of Southeast Asian and Caribbean Studies|pages=438–458|doi=10.1163/22134379-90002605|df=dmy|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;

په ماليزيا کې هندوستاني ټولنې په درې مهمو توکميزو ډلو کې تر ټولو کوچنۍ دي چې د دې هېواد د وګړو نږدې لس سلنه نفوس تشکيلوي. دوی د سويلي اسيا په بېلا بېلو ژبو خبرې کوي. په دې هېواد کې د هندوستاني اصليت خلکو کې اتيا سلنه يې ماليالي، تامل او تيلګو دي. ماليزيا ته کډوالو شويو هندوستانيانو دې هېواد ته هندو او سیک کلتورونه له ځانه سره لېږدولي دي. په دې کلتورونو کې عبادتځايونه او ګوردوارې، پخلي او لباسونه شامل دي. د ماليزيا په هندوستاني ټولنو کې هندي دود پیاوړی پاتې دی. د هندوستانيانو يوه ټولنه چې مالايي کلتوري طريقې يې خپلې کړي دي، په مالاکا کې هم موجوده ده. که څه هم دوی هندوان دي، په چټيا بهاسا ماليزيا خبرې کوي، د مالايانو په څېر لباس اغوندي او د هغوی عادات لري.&lt;ref name=&quot;library4383&quot;&gt;{{citation|periodical=Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde|author=R. Raghavan|title=Ethno-racial marginality in West Malaysia: The case of the Peranakan Hindu Melaka or Malaccan Chitty community|year=1977|number=4)|issn=0006-2294|volume=133|publisher=Royal Netherlands Institute of Southeast Asian and Caribbean Studies|pages=438–458|doi=10.1163/22134379-90002605|df=dmy|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== سرچينې ==</text>
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    <title>انتقالي فوسیل</title>
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      <text bytes="12798" xml:space="preserve">انتقالي فوسیل د پلرني ګروپ او د هغه د اخیستل شوي نسل ګروپ دواړو لپاره ګډو ځانګړنو ته اشاره کوي دا د ژوند هر ډول فوسیلي پاتې شوني دي، چې دا ځانګړی اهمیت لري او له پلرني ګروپ سره د نسل ګروپ د ناخالصې اناتومي او د ژوند کولو طریقې ته په کتو یې ډېر فرق دی. دا فوسیلونو موږ ته یادونه کوي، چې ټیکونومیک وېشونه د تکامل په لړ کې په پټ ډول پلي شوي دي او دا د انسان جوړښتونه دي. دا چې د فوسیل ریکارډ نیمګړی وي له دې امله هېڅ لاره نه شته چې د انحراف ټکي ته د انتقالي فوسیل د نږدېوالي په اندازه پوه شو. پر دې سربېره چې دوی زیاتره وخت د داسې پلرونو لپاره د ماډل په توګه کارېږي؛ خو انتقالي فوسیلونه د وروستیو ډلو مستقیم پلرونه نه شي فرض کېدلای.&lt;ref name=&quot;Freeman&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Freeman|Herron|2004|p=816}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Prothero&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Prothero|2007|pp=133–135}}&lt;/ref&gt;

کله چې په ۱۸۵۹ ز کال کې د لومړي ځل لپاره د چارلس ډاروین د ډولونو سرچینه خپره شوه، په دې وخت کې د فوسیل ریکارډ کم پېژندل شوی و. ډاروین د انتقالي فوسیلونو د مشاهدې نشتوالی « د ډېر روښانه او لوی اعتراض چې زما د تیورۍ پر وړاندې غوښتل کېدای شي» په توګه تشریح کړ؛ خو نوموړي ورته د جیولوژیکي ریکارډ له ډېرو نیمګړتیا سره تړاو ورکړ او تشریح یې کړ. نوموړي په ​​هغه وخت کې د شته محدودو ټولګو یادونه وکړه؛ خو شته معلومات یې د ځانګړنو د ښودونکي په توګه داسې تشریح کړل چې د هغه د نزول له تیورۍ نه د طبیعي انتخاب له لارې تعدیل شوي دي. په حقیقت کې، آرکیوپټریکس یوازې دوه کاله وروسته، په ۱۸۶۱ کې کشف شو او د ډیناسور او پخوانیو غیر الوتونکو مرغانو ترمنځ د کلاسیک انتقالي بڼې استازیتوب کوي. له هغه وخت راهیسې ډېر نور انتقالي فوسیلونه کشف شوي او اوس پرېمانه شواهد شته، چې د ډېرو انتقالي فوسیلونو په شمول د ملا تېر لرونکو ټول کلاسونه څنګه له یو بل سره تړاو لري. ټیټراپډ او کب، مرغۍ او ډیناسور، تي لرونکي او د « تي لرونکو په څېر څښېدونکي» د صنف په کچه د لېږد ځانګړي بېلګې دي. &lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Darwin|1859|pp=[http://darwin-online.org.uk/content/frameset?viewtype=text&amp;itemID=F373&amp;pageseq=297 279–280]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Darwin|1859|pp=[http://darwin-online.org.uk/content/frameset?viewtype=text&amp;itemID=F373&amp;pageseq=359 341–343]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NS2645&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|last=Prothero|first=Donald R.|author-link=Donald Prothero|date=1 March 2008|title=Evolution: What missing link?|url=https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg19726451.700-evolution-what-missing-link.html?full=true|journal=[[New Scientist]]|issue=2645|pages=35–41|issn=0262-4079|doi=10.1016/s0262-4079(08)60548-5|volume=197}}&lt;/ref&gt;

د انسان د تکامل په هکله ډېری لیکنې شوي، خو «د ورک شوي لینک» اصطلاح په پراخه کچه د انسان د تکامل په اصلي لیکنو کې کارول کېږي ترڅو د انسانانو د تکامل تاریخ کې د پام وړ تشې ته اشاره وکړي. دا معمولا د هر نوي انتقالي فوسیل موندنې ته راجع کولو لپاره کارول کیږي. په هر حال، ساینس پوهان دا اصطلاح نه کاروي ځکه چې دا د طبیعت څخه مخکې د ارتقاء نظر ته اشاره کوي. 

== انتقالي د پلرني پروړاندې ==
دا مفکوره د ګډوډۍ سرچینه ده چې د دوو مختلفو ټیکونومیک ګروپونو تر منځ انتقالي بڼه باید د یو یا دواړو ډلو مستقیم پلار وي. د دې حقیقت له امله ستونزه لا ډېرېږي چې د تکامل طبقه بندي یوه موخه د هغه ډولونو پېژندل دي چې د نورو ډولونو پلرونه وو. په هر حال، ځکه چې تکامل په څانګو د وېشلو پروسه ده چې د اړوندو ډولونو د څانګو پېچلې بېلګه تولیدوي، د خطي پروسې په پرتله د زینې په څېر پرمختګ نه تولیدوي او د فوسیل ریکارډ د نیمګړتیا له امله دا امکان نه شته چې په فوسیل کې د کومې ځانګړې بڼې د ریکارډ استازیتوب وکړي، دا به د بل هر یو مستقیم پلار وي. کلاډیسټکس (طبقه بندي) د یوه ټیکونومیک ګروپ پر هغه مفهوم ټینګار نه کوي چې د بل اجداد دي او پرځای یې د خورلڼې ډول په پېژندنه ټینګار کوي چې د نورو ډلو په پرتله له یو بل سره ډېر وروستي عام اجداد شریکوي. یو څو استثنایي قضیې شته لکه ځینې سمندري پلانکټون مایکروفوسیلونه، چې هلته د فوسیل ریکارډ ډېر بشپړ دی او په باور سره وړاندیز کوي چې ځینې فوسیلونه د هغه نفوس استازیتوب کوي چې په حقیقت کې د بېلابېلو ډولونو د وروستي نفوس پلرونه وو. خو په ټوله کې انتقالي فوسیلونه هغه ځانګړنې ګڼل کېږي چې د بېلابېلو ډولونو د اصلي عامو اجدادو انتقالي اناتومیکي ځانګړنې په ګوته کوي، نه دا چې د حقیقي پلرونو وي.&lt;ref&gt;For example, see {{harvnb|Benton|1997}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|last1=Prothero|first1=Donald R.|last2=Lazarus|first2=David B.|date=June 1980|title=Planktonic Microfossils and the Recognition of Ancestors|journal=[[Systematic Biology]]|volume=29|issue=2|pages=119–129|doi=10.1093/sysbio/29.2.119|issn=1063-5157}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Prothero2&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Prothero|2007|pp=133–135}}&lt;/ref&gt;{{sfn|Prothero|2007|p=[https://archive.org/details/evolutionwhatfos00prot_0/page/84 84]}}

== د فوسیل ریکارډ ==
په فوسیل ریکارډ کې هره انتقالي بڼه نه تر سترګو کېږي، لامل یې د فوسیل د ریکارډ نیمګړتیا ده. په غوره شرایطو کې د فوسیلونو په ډول د ژونديو موجوداتو ساتنه ډېره نه کېږي او تر اوسه د داسې فوسیلونو ډېره کمه برخه ترلاسه شوې ده. د فوسیلو په ډول ډېرژوندی موجودات په غوره شرایطو کې ډېر کم ساتل کیږي او د داسې فوسیلونو یوازې یوه برخه کشف شوې ده. حقیقت دا دی چې د فوسیل ریکارډ له لارې د پېژندل شویو ډولونو شمېر د پېژندل شویو ژوندیو ډولونو له شمیر نه ۵٪ کم و، نو د فلسفې عالم ډونالډپروتیرو په دې اند دی چې دا خبره له همدې حقیقت نه معلومولای شو.  نوموړی وړاندیز کوي چې باید تل له ژوندیو ډولونو څخه د فوسیلونو له لارې پېژندل شوي ډولونه له ۱٪ څخه ډېر کم وي. &lt;ref name=&quot;Prothero2007pp5053&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Prothero|2007|pp=50–53}}&lt;/ref&gt;

د ځانګړو او نادرو شرایطو له امله د فوسیل کولو په موخه د بیولوژیکي جوړښت لپاره منطق حکم کوي چې پېژندل شوي فوسیلونه د ژوند د ټولو ډولونو د یوې کوچنۍ فیصدي استازیتوب کوي او همداراز هر کشف یوازې د تکامل د انځور استازیتوب کوي. لیږد پخپله یوازې د انتقالي فوسیلونو په وسیله توضیح او تاییدای شي، چې د روښانه متنوع شکلونو ترمنځ دقیقه نیمه لاره نه ښیې.&lt;ref name=&quot;CC200&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=5 November 2006 |editor-last=Isaak |editor-first=Mark |title=Claim CC200: Transitional fossils |url=http://www.talkorigins.org/indexcc/CC/CC200.html |access-date=2009-04-30 |website=[[TalkOrigins Archive]] |publisher=The TalkOrigins Foundation, Inc. |location=Houston, TX}}&lt;/ref&gt;

د فوسیل ریکارډ ډېر نامساعد دی او د څو استثناوو په لرلو په کلکه توګه له سختو برخو سره د ژوندي موجوداتو پر لور کږېږي، د نرم بدن لرونکو ژوندیو موجوداتو ډېر ګروپونه فوسیل ریکارډ نه لري. د دودیزو ډلو ترمنځ د یو شمېر انتقالي فوسیلونو په شمول د ملا تیر لرونکو، ایکینوډرم، برچیپوډز او د ارتوپوډ ځینې ډلې هغه ګروپونه دي چې د فوسیل ریکارډ لري.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Donovan|Paul|1998}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Prothero2007pp50532&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Prothero|2007|pp=50–53}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== تاریخ ==

=== له ډاروین وروسته ===
هغه وخت چې د حیواناتو او نباتاتو ډولونه ثابت نه وو؛ خو د وخت په تېرېدو سره یې بدلون وموند، دا مفکوره له ۱۸مې پېړۍ مخکې وړاندیز شوې وه. په ۱۸۵۹ ز کال کې چې د نسلونو په اړه د ډاروین کتاب خپور شو، نو یو ثابت ساینسي اساس یې ورکړ. په هر حال، څرنګه چې ډاروین په خپله ورته اشاره کړې، د پیالیونټولوژیکي شواهدو نشتوالی د ډاروین د کار یوه نیمګړتیا وه. د طبیعي انتخاب تصور کول اسانه دي چې په نسل او کورنیو کې لیدل شوی توپیر تولیدوي، په داسې حال کې چې د لوړو کټګوریو ترمنځ تکامل تصور کول سخت و. په ۱۸۶۱ ز کال کې د لندن د آرکیوپټریکس د نمونې ډراماتیکې موندنې د ډاروین د کار له خپرېدو یوازې دوه کاله وروسته د لومړي ځل لپاره د ډېرو اخیستل شویو مرغانو د صنف او د ډېرو بنسټیزو ریښو ترمنځ اړیکه وړاندې کړه. لرغونپوه هیو فالکنر ښاغلي ډاروین ته په یوه لیک کې لیکلي:&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|last1=Archibald|first1=J. David|date=August 2009|title=Edward Hitchcock's Pre-Darwinian (1840) 'Tree of Life'|url=http://www.bio.sdsu.edu/faculty/archibald.html/Archibald09JHB42p561.pdf|journal=[[Journal of the History of Biology]]|volume=42|issue=3|pages=561–592|doi=10.1007/s10739-008-9163-y|issn=0022-5010|pmid=20027787|citeseerx=10.1.1.688.7842|s2cid=16634677}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;که د سولن هوفین سرچینې د اګست په امر مدیریت شوې وای، تر څو د ډاروین یوه په زړه پورې څېره رامنځته شي، نو نه یې شول کولای چې تر آرکیوپټریکس غوره امر ترسره کړي.  &lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|last=Williams|first=David B.|date=September 2011|title=Benchmarks: September 30, 1861: Archaeopteryx is discovered and described|url=http://www.earthmagazine.org/article/benchmarks-september-30-1861-archaeopteryx-discovered-and-described|journal=EARTH|issn=1943-345X|access-date=2012-02-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120507072544/http://www.earthmagazine.org/article/benchmarks-september-30-1861-archaeopteryx-discovered-and-described|archive-date=7 May 2012|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;انتقالي فوسیلونو ته په خپل حق کې د تکامل د انځورونو په توګه کتل کېږي او ترڅنګ یې د آرکیوپټریکس په څېر د ډاروین د نظریې تایید هم کوي، د بېلګې په ډول د سوېډن د ۱۹۰۴ ز کال دایره المعارف قاموس د فوسیل د ناسم ارکیوپټریکس بیارغونه وښودله (انځور وګورئ).  &lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Leche|1904|pp=[http://runeberg.org/nfba/0758.html 1379–1380]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Wellnhofer|2009}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== سرچينې ==</text>
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    <title>هېلیوسفیر</title>
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      <text bytes="16502" xml:space="preserve">'''هېلیوسفیر''' د لمر مګنټوسفیر، اسټروسفیر او تر ټولو بېرونۍ اتوموسفیري لایه ده. شکل یې په فضا کې یوه ستر پوقانه ډوله ځای ته ورته دی. د پلازما فزیک په اصطلاح کې هېلیوسفیر هغې ژورتیا ته ویل کېږي چې لمر په خپله منځنۍ فضایي شاوخوا کې جوړه کړې وي. د هېلیوسفېر پوقانه په دوامدار ډول له له لمر څخه له پیدا کېدونکي باده ډکېږي چې دغه باد لمریز باد هم بلل کېږي. تر هېلیوسفير دباندې له دې لمریزې پلازما څخه د شیدو لار د کهکشان پوښونکې پلازما تېرېږي. د سیارې د خپل‌منځني مقناطیسي برخې په توګه هېلیوسفیر لمریزه منظومه د کیهان له ډېرې سترې کچې ایوني وړانګو څخه خوندي ساتي، که څه هم د ګاما نابدلې شوې وړانګې بې اغېزې پاتې کېږي. هېلیوسفیر ته دا نوم ښايي لومړی ځل «الکساندر ډېزلر» کارولی وي چې په ۱۹۶۷ کال کې په علمي لیکنو کې د دې کلمې د کارولو امتیاز ورکړل شوی دی. د هېلیوسفیر علمي څېړنه هېلیوفزيک دی چې د فضا هوا او د فضا اقلیم په کې شاملېږي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |author=Gale Martha |date=April 1, 2013 |title=The Sun's Heliosphere |url=http://sciexplorer.blogspot.com/2013/04/the-sun-part-8-suns-heliosphere.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

لمریز باد چې له لمریزې منظومې څخه په میلیاردونو کيلومتره لرې هم رسېږي، ان د پلوټو له ساحې هم وړاندې ځي او تر هغه ځایه رسېږي چې د پای ټکان یې بولي، هلته یې د فضايي سیاروي محدودې د بیروني فشار له امله حرکت ناڅاپه اغېزمنېږي. هېلیوسفیر د پای د ټکان او د هېلیوسفیر د بېرنۍ څنډې «هېلیوپاز» تر منځ یوه پراخه انتقالي سیمه ده. په ټول کې د هېلیوسفير بڼه له لکۍ لرونکو ستورو څخه جوړه شوې ده چې له یوه لوري کروي ده او له مخالف اړخه اوږده لکۍ ورپسې ښکاري چې هېلیوټېل بلل کېږي.

د وایجر پروګرام فضایي بېړۍ د هېلیوسفېر هغه بېرنۍ برخې وپلټلې چې د پای د ټکان او هېلیوزهیت تر منځ تېرېږي. «وایجر ۱» فضايي بېړۍ د ۲۰۱۲ کال د اګست میاشتې په ۲۵مه نېټه له هېلیوپاز سره مخ شوه، دغه مهال فضایي بېړۍ د پلازما څلوېښت برابره ناڅاپي دروندوالی او تراکم ثبت کړ. «وایجر ۲» د ۲۰۱۸ کال د نومبر میاشتې په ۵مه نېټه له هېلیوپاز څخه تېره شوه. دا چې هېلیوپاز له لمر څخه د پیدا شوې مادې او له نور کهکشان څخه د راپورته شوې مادې تر منځ پوله په نښه کوي، هغه فضایي بېړۍ چې له هېلیوسسفیر څخه وځي (لکه د وایجر په دوو پروګرامونو کې) په انټرسټیلر یا ستور منځي فضا کې دي.

== لنډيز ==
هېلیوسفیر د لمر تر اغېز لاندې ساحه ده؛ دوه عمده عناصر چې پولې يې مشخصوي هغه هېلیوسفیري مقناطيسي ساحه او د لمر لمریز باد دی. له هېلیوسفیر نیولې د هغه تر څنډې پورې درې عمده برخې يې د پای ټکان، هېلیوزهیت او هېلیوپاز دي. پنځو فضايي بېړیو يې د تر ټولو لرې څنډو په تړاو ډېر معلومات را استولي دي چې په دې کې «پیونیر ۱۰» (د ۱۹۷۲-۱۹۷۹ کلونو تر منځ)، «پیونیر ۱۱» (د ۱۹۷۳-۱۹۹۵ کلونو تر منځ) او «وایجر ۱» او «وایجر ۲» چې له ۱۹۷۷ کال وروسته پیل شول او لا هم دوام لري. تر ټولو نوی یې «نیوهورایزنز» دی چې په ۲۰۰۶ کال کې پیل شو. د انرژیټيک شنډ اتوم په نامه یو ډول ماده هم پېژندل شوې چې د هېلیوسفير له څنډو څخه تولید شوې ده.

د سیارو او لکۍ لرونکو ستورو په څېر نږدې موانعو ته له څېرمه ساحو پرته هېلیوسفير له لمر څخه له راپیدا کېدونکو موادو ډک دی. که څه هم کیهاني وړانګې، چټک خوځېدونکي شنډ اتومونه او د کیهان ګرد له بېرون څخه هم هېلیوسفیر ته لاره ورموندلی شي. د لمریز باد هغه ذرات چې د کورونا پر مخ له ډېرې سختې ګرمې سطحې څخه سرچینه اخلي، د تېښتې په سرعت حرکت کوي او د بهر په لور د ۳۰۰ تر ۸۰۰ کيلومترو (۶۷۱ زره تر ۱.۷۹ ميلیونه مایل پر ساعت یا یو تر ۲.۹ ميلیونه کیلومتره پر ساعت) په اندازه چټکي لري. کله چې منځنۍ فضايي سیاروي ساحې ته ننوځي نو سرعت د درېدو په اندازه کمېږي. په هغه ځای کې چې د لمریز باد سرعت د غږ د سرعت اندازې ته راکمېږي، د پای ټکان ساحه یې بولي. د لمر د باد سرعت کمېدل تر هغې دوام کوي چې هیلوزهیت ته رسېږي او د هیلوپاز څنډو ته ځان رسوي چې هلته د منځنۍ سیاروي ساحې او لمریزې ساحې فشارونه انډولېږي. د پای ټکان په ۲۰۰۴ کال کې د «وایجر ۱» او په ۲۰۰۷ کال کې د «وایجر ۲» له ماموریتونو تېر شو.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=NASA/Marshall Solar Physics |url=https://solarscience.msfc.nasa.gov/SolarWind.shtml |website=solarscience.msfc.nasa.gov}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;voyager&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=NASA Voyager 1 Encounters New Region in Deep Space |url=http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/news.php?release=2012-381 |website=[[Jet Propulsion Laboratory]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

فکر کېده چې له هیلیوپاز وروسته یو کمېدونکی ټکان هم موجود و، خو د سیاروي ساحې د څنډو پلټونکو معلوماتو وښوده چې په دې ساحه کې د لمر سرعت ډېر کم دی او د داسې یو څه د واقع کېدو لپاره کافي نه دی. دا ښايي تر دې ډېره نرمه د کمېدو څپه وي.&lt;ref name=&quot;zank&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|title=Heliospheric Structure: The Bow Wave and the Hydrogen Wall|first1=G. P.|last1=Zank|first2=J.|last2=Heerikhuisen|first3=B. E.|last3=Wood|first4=N. V.|last4=Pogorelov|first5=E.|last5=Zirnstein|first6=D. J.|last6=McComas|date=1 January 2013|journal=Astrophysical Journal|volume=763|issue=1|pages=20|doi=10.1088/0004-637X/763/1/20|doi-access=free|bibcode=2013ApJ...763...20Z}}&lt;/ref&gt;

د وایجر معلومات د یوې نوې تیورۍ د رامنځته کېدو لامل شول، دې تیورۍ ویل چې هیلوزهیت مقناطیسي پوقانې لري او یوه داسې ساحه ده چې پر خپل ځای ولاړه ده. د هیلیوزهیت دننه هم د یوې ثابتې ساحې د شتون راپورونه شته چې د «وایجر ۱» په مرسته په ۲۰۱۰ کال کې ثبت شوي او د ۱۱۳ نجومي واحدونو په سرعت سره پیلېږي. هلته د لمریز باد سرعت صفر ته ټيټېږي، د مقناطيسي ساحې کثافت یا تراکم دوه برابره کېږي او له کهکشان د لوړې انرژۍ الکترونونه سل برابره ډېرېږي. &lt;ref name=&quot;stag&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Zell |first=Holly |date=5 December 2011 |title=NASA's Voyager Hits New Region at Solar System Edge |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/voyager/voyager20111205.html |access-date=5 September 2018 |publisher=NASA}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=9 June 2011 |title=NASA - Voyager - Conditions At Edge Of Solar System |url=https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/voyager/multimedia/20110609_briefing_materials.html |access-date=2018-09-05 |publisher=NASA}}&lt;/ref&gt;

د ۲۰۱۲ کال په مې میاشت کې پیل شوي «وایجر ۱» پروګرام په کیهاني وړانګو کې ۱۲۰ نجومي واحده ناڅاپي ډېروالی ثبت کړ چې دا هیلیوپاز ته د هغه د نږدې کېدو یوه ظاهري نښه وه. د ۲۰۱۳ کال په اوړي کې ناسا وویل چې «وایجر ۱» د ۲۰۱۲ کال د اګست میاشتې په ۲۵مه نېټه د سیاروي ساحې منځ ته رسېدلی دی. &lt;ref name=&quot;rays&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=14 June 2012 |title=NASA - Data From NASA's Voyager 1 Point to Interstellar Future |url=https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/voyager/voyager20120614.html |access-date=5 September 2018 |publisher=NASA}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Greicius |first=Tony |date=5 May 2015 |title=NASA Spacecraft Embarks on Historic Journey Into Interstellar Space |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/voyager/voyager20130912.html#.UjJLPZKR86s}}&lt;/ref&gt;

د ۲۰۱۲ کال په ډسمبر میاشت کې ناسا وویل چې د همدغه کال د اګست په پای کې به «وایجر ۱» د ۱۲۲ نجومي واحدونو په سرعت له لمر څخه یوې داسې نوې ساحې ته داخل شي چې د مقناطيسي لویې لارې په نامه یادېږي؛ دغه ساحه لا هم د لمر تر اغېز لاندې ده خو یو څه حیرانوونکي بدلونونه په کې شته. &lt;ref name=&quot;voyager2&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=NASA Voyager 1 Encounters New Region in Deep Space |url=http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/news.php?release=2012-381 |website=[[Jet Propulsion Laboratory]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

«پیونیر ۱۰» فضايي بېړۍ د ۱۹۷۲ کال په مارچ کې وتوغول شوه او په لسو ساعتونو کې دننه له سپوږمۍ تېره شوه؛ دا به په راتلونکو شاوخوا ۳۵ کلونو کې لومړنی ماموریت وي چې د هېلیوسفیر او د مشتري د طبيعت او اغېزو په تړاو ډېرې موندنې شریکې کړي. «پیونیر ۱۰» لومړنۍ فضايي بېړۍ وه چې په لمریز باد کې یې سودیم او المونیم او په داخلي لمریزه منظومه کې یې هیلیوم کشف کړ. د ۱۹۷۲ کال په نومبر میاشت کې «پیونیر ۱۰» د مشتري له لوی مګنتوسفیر سره ټکر وکړ او ۱۷ ځله یې له دننه او بهر هیلوسفیر تېر شو او له لمریز باد سره یې تعامل وکړ. «پیونیر ۱۰» د ۱۹۹۷ کال تر مارچ میاشتې پورې علمي معلومات رالېږل چې د لمریز باد په اړه ۶۷ نجومي واده معلومات یې د بېلګې په توګه یادولی شو. په ۲۰۰۳ کال کې کله چې له ځمکې څخه ۷.۶ میلیارد مایله لرې و، وصل شو خو په هغه وخت کې یې د لمریز باد په اړه هېڅ معلومات وړاندې نه کړل.&lt;ref name=&quot;nasaspaceflight.com&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=15 July 2017 |title=Pioneer 10: first probe to leave the inner solar system &amp; precursor to Juno – NASASpaceFlight.com |url=https://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2017/07/pioneer-10-first-probe-inner-precursor-juno/ |access-date=12 October 2018 |website=www.nasaspaceflight.com |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=NASA – PIONEER 10 SPACECRAFT SENDS LAST SIGNAL |url=https://www.nasa.gov/centers/ames/news/releases/2003/03_25HQ.html |access-date=12 October 2018 |website=www.nasa.gov |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Pioneer 10-11&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Pioneer 10–11 |url=http://www.astronautix.com/p/pioneer10-11.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160820131018/http://www.astronautix.com/p/pioneer10-11.html |archive-date=20 August 2016 |access-date=12 October 2018 |website=www.astronautix.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=NASA – Pioneer-10 and Pioneer-11 |url=https://www.nasa.gov/centers/ames/missions/archive/pioneer10-11.html |access-date=12 October 2018 |website=www.nasa.gov |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== جوړښت ==
له دغه نوم سره سره، د هېلیوسفیر شکل یوه بشپړه کُره نه ده. شکل یې د درېیو فکتورونو له لارې ټاکل کېږي چې د  سیارې منځنۍ ماده، لمریز باد او د سیارې له منځنۍ ماې څخه د تېرېدو پر مهال د لمر او هېلیوسفیر عمومي حرکت دي. دا چې لمریز باد او د سیارې منځنۍ ماده  دواړه مایع دي، له دې امله د هېلیوسفیر شکل او اندازه هم مایع دي. په لمریز باد کې بدلونونه په لنډ وخت کې (له ساعتونو څخه تر څو کلونو) د سرحدونو د بدلون حالت په کلکه بدلوي. د لمریز باد فشار په هر ځای کې د سیارې د منځنۍ مادې د بېروني فشار په پرتله خورا ډېر توپیر لري. په ځانګړې توګه د ۱۱ کلنې لمریزې دورې اغېزه ډېره د پام وړ ده چې د لمریز باد د فعالیت اعظمي او لږ تر لږه حالتونه ګوري.

دا چې د دغو جوړښتونو په اړه معلومات کم دي او ماهیت یې پوره څرګند نه دی، د شکل په اړه یې ډېری تیورۍ رامنځته شوې دي. په ۲۰۲۰ کال کې «میرو اوفر» د څېړونکو د یوه ټیم مشري وکړه او دا یې څرګنده کړه چې د هېلیوسفیر شکل د نوې راختلې میاشتې غوندې دی او د خالي شوي کروسینټ په توګه تشرېح کېدای شي.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last1=Jean |first1=Celia |last2=Reich |first2=Aaron |date=August 9, 2020 |title=Solar system's heliosphere may be croissant-shaped - study |url=https://www.jpost.com/health-science/solar-systems-heliosphere-may-be-croissant-shaped-study-637997 |access-date=2021-12-17 |website=The Jerusalem Post {{!}} JPost.com |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Crowley |first=James |date=2020-08-11 |title=NASA says we all live inside a giant &quot;deflated croissant&quot;, yes really |url=https://www.newsweek.com/nasa-data-solar-system-deflated-cocoon-1524373 |access-date=2021-12-17 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last1=Opher|first1=Merav|last2=Loeb|first2=Abraham|last3=Drake|first3=James|last4=Toth|first4=Gabor|date=2020-07-01|title=A small and round heliosphere suggested by magnetohydrodynamic modelling of pick-up ions|url=http://www.nature.com/articles/s41550-020-1036-0|journal=Nature Astronomy|language=en|volume=4|issue=7|pages=675–683|doi=10.1038/s41550-020-1036-0|bibcode=2020NatAs...4..675O|s2cid=216241125|issn=2397-3366}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== لمریز باد ===
لمریز باد له ذراتو څخه جوړ دی او د مقناطیسي ساحې په څېر ساحې دي چې له لمر څخه تولیدېږي او فضا ته تېرېږي. دا چې لمر کابو په هرو ۲۵ ورځو کې یو ځل تاوېږي، له دې امله د هېلیوسفیر مقناطیسي ساحه د لمریز باد په مرسته لېږدول کېږي. لمریز باد د لمریزې منظومې پر نورو سیستمونو اغېزه کوي؛ د بېلګې په توګه د لمر په خپله مقناطیسي ساحه کې بدلونونه د لمر د باد په مرسته بهر ته لېږدول کېږي چې په دې توګه د ځمکې په مقناطیسي ساحه کې جیو مقناطیسي توپانونه تولیدوي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|last1=Owens|first1=Mathew J.|last2=Forsyth|first2=Robert J.|date=2013-11-28|title=The Heliospheric Magnetic Field|journal=Living Reviews in Solar Physics|language=en|volume=10|issue=1|pages=5|doi=10.12942/lrsp-2013-5|issn=1614-4961|doi-access=free|bibcode=2013LRSP...10....5O}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== سرچينې ==</text>
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      <minor />
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      <text bytes="48" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[د کارن خبرې اترې:A154]]</text>
      <sha1>n0hopjrkm49hrd2e61iqbkydvp60zj3</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>د کارن خبرې اترې:蕴月</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>63890</id>
    <revision>
      <id>284886</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-26T03:00:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ښه راغلاست پیغام ورکوونکی</username>
        <id>11444</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>د يوه نوي کارن د خبرواترو مخ کې د [[ښه راغلئ|ښه راغلاست پيغام]] ورگډوي</comment>
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      <text bytes="473" xml:space="preserve">{{ښه راغلئ|realName=|name=蕴月}}

-- &lt;span style=&quot;font-family: MCS Quds SU normal; font-size: 15px; text-shadow: silver 0.2em 0.2em 0.1em;&quot;&gt; '''[[کارن:Af420|&lt;font color=&quot;black&quot;&gt;'''Af420''']]''' &lt;/span&gt; &lt;sup&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;MCS Quds SU normal&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;'''[[د کارن خبرې اترې:Af420|&lt;font color=&quot;#69 69 69&quot;&gt;'''اړیکه''']] '''&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; ۰۳:۰۰, ۲۶ اگسټ ۲۰۲۲ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|‌‌‌‌'''نړیوال ‌وخت''']])</text>
      <sha1>nfskmqvdszxhkzi1qkjbg0osg5t5le8</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>د کارن خبرې اترې:Mohamed2952</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>63891</id>
    <revision>
      <id>284887</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-26T06:56:47Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ښه راغلاست پیغام ورکوونکی</username>
        <id>11444</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>د يوه نوي کارن د خبرواترو مخ کې د [[ښه راغلئ|ښه راغلاست پيغام]] ورگډوي</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="478" xml:space="preserve">{{ښه راغلئ|realName=|name=Mohamed2952}}

-- &lt;span style=&quot;font-family: MCS Quds SU normal; font-size: 15px; text-shadow: silver 0.2em 0.2em 0.1em;&quot;&gt; '''[[کارن:Af420|&lt;font color=&quot;black&quot;&gt;'''Af420''']]''' &lt;/span&gt; &lt;sup&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;MCS Quds SU normal&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;'''[[د کارن خبرې اترې:Af420|&lt;font color=&quot;#69 69 69&quot;&gt;'''اړیکه''']] '''&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; ۰۶:۵۶, ۲۶ اگسټ ۲۰۲۲ ([[همغږي نړیوال وخت|‌‌‌‌'''نړیوال ‌وخت''']])</text>
      <sha1>94npp1mwsudbv5mu1y5l3kvkb82lgmu</sha1>
    </revision>
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