Wikipedia rwwiki https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intangiriro MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.8 first-letter Itangazamakuru Ibidasanzwe Ibiganiro Umukoresha Ibiganiro by'umukoresha Wikipedia Ibiganiro kuri Wikipedia Dosiye Ibiganiro kuri dosiye MediyaWiki Ibiganiro kuri MediyaWiki Inyandikorugero Ibiganiro ku nyandikorugero Ubufasha Ibiganiro ku bufasha Ikiciro Ibiganiro ku byiciro TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 3554 133259 133081 2026-06-26T15:00:34Z B.Scalling 15089 133259 wikitext text/x-wiki = Intangiriro = [[File:Gorilla mother and baby at Volcans National Park.jpg|thumb|206x206px|<span style="color:grey;">Ingagi zo mu birunga (gore n’umwana) mu [[Rwanda]]</span>]] [[File:Ingagi_mu_birunga.jpg|thumb|Ingagi mu birunga|264x264px]] '''Ingagi zo mu birunga'''<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.igihe.com/news-2-95-1258.html |title=Ingagi zo mu Birunga: inyamaswa zifite byinshi zihuriyeho n\'abantu |access-date=2011-01-02 |archive-date=2016-03-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160306071035/http://igihe.com/news-2-95-1258.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Ingagi zo mu Birunga zariyongereye |url=http://www.rwandagateway.org/rw/spip.php?article625 |accessdate=2011-01-02 |archive-date=2016-03-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305234747/http://rwandagateway.org/rw/spip.php?article625 |deadurl=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.igihe.com/news-2-95-97.html |title=Ingagi zo mu Rwanda zahungiye inkongi y’umuriro muri Congo Kinshasa |access-date=2011-01-02 |archive-date=2020-08-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200815110539/https://www.igihe.com/news-2-95-97.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Ingagi muri Parike Nasiyonali y’Ibirunga |url=http://www.karabaye.com/news/article.php?id=0105 |accessdate=2011-01-19 |archive-date=2016-03-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160306144347/http://karabaye.com/news/article.php?id=0105 |deadurl=yes }}</ref> cyangwa '''Ingagi zo mu misozi''', '''Ingagi zo mu misozi miremire''' (izina ry’ubumenyi mu [[kilatini]]: ''Gorilla beringei beringei''), ni bumwe mu bwoko bw’[[inyamaswa]] buri gucika cyane ku isi. == Ibarura ry'ingagi == [[Dosiye:Gorilla_gorilla_gorilla_6zz.jpg|thumb|Ingagi y'apfuyez]] Ubu habarwa [[ingagi]] zo mu birunga zigera kuri 720 ku isi yose, kandi zose ziherereye mu majyaruguru y’[[igihugu]] cy’u [[Rwanda]], mu majyepfo ya [[Uganda]] ndetse no mu burasirazuba bwa [[Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo]]. Muri iyo Pariki kandi harimo andi moko y’ibinyabuzima gakondo n’andi arinzwe mu rwego rw’amasezerano mpuzamahanga abuza ubucuruzi bw’amoko y’ibinyabuzima biri hafi gucika burundu ([[CITES]]). Ingangi zabazwe ni izo muri Pariki eshatu arizo: [[pariki y’Ibirunga y’u Rwanda]], [[Pariki y’Ibirunga ya Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo]] na [[Parc National des Gorilles de Mgahinga ]] yo muri Uganda. Nyamara hari izindi ziri mu ishymba ry’inzitane rya Bwindi rya Pariki y’igihugu cya Uganda. [[File:Susa group, mountain gorilla.jpg|thumb|202x202px|<span style="color:grey;">Ingagi zo mu birunga (gabo)</span>|alt=]] Abayobozi kandi basobobanuye ko iri barurwa ryakozwe mu rwego rwo kumenya uko ibintu byifashe ndetse no kureba uko ingagi zimerewe. Ibyavuye mu ibarura bikaba ari bumwe mu bushakashatsi bukomeye buzaba buhari bwerekana ubuzima bw’izi ngagi ndetse n’uko zibanyeho mu miryango yazo. Ibarura ryakozwe mu Birunga kuva muri Werurwe kugeza muri Mata uyu mwaka, ryerekanye ko umubare w’ingagi wiyongereyeho 26,3% mu myaka irindwi ishize. Ni ukuvuga ko zagiye ziyongeraho 3,7% buri mwaka. Iri barura ryasanze hari ingagi zo mu misozi 480 ziri mu miryango 36 hamwe n’izindi ngabo 14 zigiye zibana. Ibarura ryaherukaga kuba muri 2003, ryari ryabonye ingagi 380. Kugeza kuri uyu munsi, ushyizemo n’ingagi 302 zari zabazwe muri 2006 mu ishyamba rya Bwindi n’zindi enye zabuze ababyeyi zikaba zirererwa mu kigo cyo muri Repubulika iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo, umubare w’ingagi zo mu misozi zizwi ku isi ni 786. Ingagi zo mu Birunga, zagiye zibasirwa n’intambara zo mu Karere n’ubushimusi mu myaka ishize, zamenyekanye cyane kubera nyakwigendera [[Dian Fossey]], zikaba ari kimwe mu bintu bikururura ba mukerarugendo benshi mu Karere. Mu ishyamba ry’ibimera byiza cyane biri mu birunga bigabanya u Rwanda na Uganda niho habarizwa ingagi zo mu birunga zikunda gusurwa cyane ku isi. Iyi pariki ifite ubwoko bw’ingagi nyakwigendera Dian Fossey yapfuye agerageza kurwana ku buzima bwazo. Ingagi zo mu birunga zisigaye zigera kuri 355, kandi ibimera bihora bitoshye nibyo bituma zidakomeza gucika ku isi. Iyi pariki igizwe n’ubwoko butandukanye bw’ibimera , aho usanga hari ishyamba ry’ibimera bito ndetse harimo n’ibiti binini bitandukanye bibereye ijisho. [[File:Silverback.JPG|thumb|196x196px|<span style="color:grey;">Ingagi zo mu birunga (gabo na gore)</span>]] Ingagi zo mu birunga nk’ubundi bwoko bw’[[inguge]], ziba mu mashyamba agwamo cyane imvura. Kereka [[impundu]] (''chimpanzé'') nizo zishobora gutura mu bice bya ''savannah'' (ubutaka buriho ibimera bigufi kandi imvura idakunda kugwaho cyane). Ingagi zibaho zimuka buri gihe kuko zicumbika ahantu zibasha kubona ibyo kurya. Ahanini zirya ibimera kandi zikabirya ari byinshi. Ingagi zigira amenyo ameze nk’aya'abantu, niyo mpamvu zishobora gukanja ibyatsi byinshi. Ingagi z’ingabo zikuze zigira amenyo manini zikoresha iyo ziri kurwana na zigenzi zazo . Iyi nkongi yibasiye iki gice cy’ishyamba yatangiye kuwa gatandatu nk’uko bitangazwa n’ibiro ntaramakuru by’u Rwanda ngo nta kintu kizwi neza kuba cyarateye iyi nkongi ariko ngo bishoboka kuba ari abavumvu bateye iyi nkongi ariko ngo nta numwe uratabwa muri yombi. Ibindi byerekana ko iyi nkongi yatewe n’uko ari ikirere cyateye iyi nkongi kuko hari hari ubushyuhe bwinshi. Mu mwaka wa 1978 nibwo umushinga gorille des Montagnes watangiye, maze ingagi zo mu birunga ziherereye mu gice cy’u Rwanda zitangira kumenyerezwa gusurwa naba mukerarugendo.Kuva 1973 kugeza 1989,umubare w’ingagi zo mu birunga wariyongereye ziva kuri 261 zigera kuri 324. Abantu bamwe bakeka ko ubukerarugendo bwaba bwaragize uruhare muri uku kwiyongera kw'ingagi. == Amashakiro == <references/> [[Category:Inyamabere]] 90sgyc3fzsksvg5tsogw2fm6etttpf6 0 5574 133255 102015 2026-06-26T14:21:53Z B.Scalling 15089 133255 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Çorum Turkey Provinces locator.gif|thumb|250px|<span style="color:grey;">Ikarita y’umujyi wa Çorum</span>]]'''Çorum''' Çorum (Cho-rum) ni umujyi uherereye mu majyaruguru ya Anatoliya muri Turukiya. Uherereye imbere mu gihugu, mu gice cyo hagati cy'akarere ka Black Sea (Inyanja Yirabura), ukaba uri ku ntera ya kilometero 244 uvuye i Ankara na kilometero 608 uvuye i Istanbul. Ni wo murwa mukuru w'Intara ya Çorum ndetse n'Akarere ka Çorum. Mu mwaka wa 2022, wari utuwe n'abaturage 269,595. Uherereye ku butumburuke bwa metero 801 hejuru y'inyanja.Çorum izwi cyane kubera ahantu h'ubucukuzi bw'amateka bw'Abafurigiya (Phrygians) n'Abahiti (Hittites), amasoko y'amazi ashyushye avura indwara, ndetse n'ibiryo byayo bizwi cyane by'utubuto tw'ibishyimbo bikaranze (leblebi), bikundwa mu gihugu hose.Uyu mujyi ni umwe mu mijyi ikomeye yo mu majyaruguru ya Anatoliya rwagati, kandi uzwi ku rwego mpuzamahanga kubera kuba wegereye Hattusa, umurwa mukuru w'Ubwami bwa kera bw'Abahiti ndetse n'Umurage w'Isi wa UNESCO. Nanone, Çorum izwi cyane nk'ahantu hakorerwa '''leblebi''', ibishyimbo bikaranze by'umwihariko byabaye kimwe mu bimenyetso nyamukuru biranga uyu mujyi. == Amateka == Hari ibimenyetso byinshi by’ubucukuzi bw’amateka bigaragaza ko abantu batuye mu gace ka Çorum kuva mu '''Igihe cy’Amabuye cya Kera (Paleolithic Age)'''. Aka gace karateye imbere cyane mu '''Igihe cy’Umuringa (Bronze Age)''', ubwo '''Ubwami bw’Abahiti (Hittite Empire)''' bwashingwaga hagati ya '''1650 na 1200 mbere ya Yezu Kristu (BCE)'''. Umurwa mukuru w’Abahiti, '''Hattusa''', wari muri aka karere kubera ko kari gafite uburinzi bwiza bw’urusobe rw’imisozi ndetse n’ubukungu bwari bushingiye ku rwego rwo hejuru rw’ubucuruzi bwari bushyigikiwe na gahunda ya '''Karum'''. === Ubutegetsi bwagiye busimburana muri Çorum === * '''Ubwami bw’Abahiti (Hittites):''' ahagana mu 1600–1200 BCE * '''Ubwami bwa Phrygia:''' ahagana mu 800–695 BCE * '''Ubwami bw’Achaemenid (Abaperesi):''' ahagana mu 547–333 BCE * '''Ubwami bwa Makedoniya:''' 333–323 BCE * '''Ubwami bwa Pontus:''' ahagana mu 281–63 BCE * '''Ubwami bw’Abaroma:''' 63 BCE–395 CE * '''Ubwami bwa Bizantine:''' 395–1071 * '''Ubwami bwa Seljuk:''' 1071–mu myaka ya 1080 * '''Ubwami bwa Danishmendid:''' ahagana mu 1080–1178 * '''Sultanate ya Rum:''' 1178–1243 * '''Ubwami bwa Ilkhanate:''' 1243–1335 * '''Ubwami bwa Eretna Beylik:''' 1335–1381 * '''Ubwami bwa Ottoman:''' 1398–1922 * '''Repubulika ya Turukiya:''' 1923–kugeza ubu Hari igitekerezo cy’abashakashatsi kivuga ko umujyi wa '''Euchaneia''' wo mu gihe cy’Ubwami bwa Bizantine ushobora kuba wari uherereye aho umujyi wa Çorum uri ubu cyangwa hafi yaho. Icyakora, abandi bashakashatsi bavuga ko Euchaneia yari iherereye kure gato mu burasirazuba, hafi ya '''Euchaita'''. Mu nyandiko z’Ikigereki cya kera n’iza Bizantine, Çorum yitwaga '''Niconia (Νικόνεια)''' cyangwa '''Nikonya''' mu Kilatini. Inyandiko zo mu gihe cyo Hagati (Medieval period) nazo zita Çorum '''Yankoniya (Yankoniyye)''', mu gihe ibitabo by’amateka byanditswe nyuma bikoresha amazina '''Niconia''' cyangwa '''Nikonya'''. Ibi byose byerekana ko ayo mazina ashobora kuba yarerekezaga ku mudugudu umwe wabayeho mbere y’ubutegetsi bwa Ottoman. Mu '''Nzu Ndangamurage y’Arikiyoloji ya Çorum (Çorum Archaeological Museum)''' habikwa ibisigazwa byinshi by’amateka, birimo: * Igice cy’inkono (pottery) yo mu gihe cy’Abafurigiya (Phrygians). * Igice cy’igiseke cyitwa '''Hüseyindede vase''' cyo mu gihe cya mbere cy’Abahiti. * '''Ikimenyetso cy’izuba (Sun Disk)''' cyakozwe hagati ya '''2400–2200 BCE''' mu gihe cya Early Bronze Age, cyavumbuwe muri '''Alaca Höyük''', ubu kikaba kibitswe mu '''Nzu Ndangamurage ya Eskişehir'''. Amateka y’umujyi wa Çorum nk’uko uzwi ubu atangira gusa mu kinyejana cya '''16'''. Inkomoko y’izina '''Çorum''' ntiramenyekana neza. Ryagaragaye bwa mbere mu nyandiko z’Ubwami bwa Ottoman rivuga ku gihome cya Seljuk cyitwaga '''Çorum Kalesi''', nk’uko cyasobanuwe n’umunyamateka n’umugenzi '''Evliya Çelebi'''. Mu kinyejana cya 16 rwagati, icyo gihome cyari kigabanyijemo uturere tune twitwaga '''mahalle''' (uduce tw’umujyi). Kuva mu '''1867 kugeza mu 1922''', Çorum yari imwe mu mijyi yari igize '''Intara ya Angora (Ankara Vilayet)''' y’Ubwami bwa Ottoman. == Abaturage == Çorum ni umurwa mukuru w’Intara ya Çorum kandi ni na wo muyobozi w’imirimo y’ubuyobozi muri iyo ntara. Mu ntangiriro z’umwaka wa 2020, umujyi wari utuwe n’abaturage barenga '''260,000'''. Intara yose ya Çorum ifite abaturage benshi kurushaho, batuye mu turere tw’icyaro no mu mijyi mito iyigize. Uyu mujyi wakomeje kwiyongera mu mubare w’abaturage bitewe ahanini n’abimukira bava mu cyaro bajya mu mujyi gushaka imibereho myiza. Abenshi baturuka mu turere duhingwamo imyaka dukikije Çorum. Nk’indi mijyi myinshi yo muri Anatoliya rwagati, imiterere y’abaturage ba Çorum yagiye ihinduka bitewe n’iyimukire yo mu gihugu imbere ndetse n’amahirwe y’akazi aboneka mu nganda no mu rwego rwa serivisi. Mu myaka yashize, umubare w’abaturage b’umujyi wakomeje kwiyongera ku buryo bugaragara. Mu mwaka wa '''1970''', Çorum yari ifite abaturage '''57,576'''. Mu '''1980''', bari bageze kuri '''75,726''', mu '''1985''' bagera kuri '''96,725''', naho mu '''1990''' baba '''116,810'''. Mu mwaka wa '''2000''', abaturage bari bamaze kugera kuri '''161,321''', mu '''2009''' baba '''206,600''', naho mu '''2017''' umujyi ugera ku baturage '''227,863'''.Iri zamuka ry’abaturage rigaragaza iterambere ry’umujyi, ryatewe ahanini no kwimukira kw’abaturage bava mu cyaro baza gushaka akazi, uburezi, serivisi zitandukanye, n’ubuzima bwiza. == Ubukungu == Mu mateka, ubukungu bw’umujyi wa Çorum bwari bushingiye ahanini ku bucuruzi n’imirimo gakondo, nko gukora ibikoresho by’umuringa (coppersmithing), gutunganya uruhu (tanning), kuboha imyenda mu buryo bwa gakondo, ubuhinzi, ndetse n’ubworozi. Nubwo wari umujyi ufite umusaruro muto ugereranyije n’indi mijyi minini, wakomeje kugira ibikorwa by’ubukungu byibanze ku buzima bwa buri munsi bw’abaturage.Mu myaka igera kuri makumyabiri ishize, Çorum yagiye igaragaza '''iterambere rikomeye mu nganda''' no mu bijyanye n’ubwubatsi bw’imashini zoroshye (light engineering). Ibi byatumye ugera ku rwego rwo kuba umwe mu mijyi ifite inganda zateye imbere ugereranyije n’umubare w’abaturage bayo.Kera, umujyi wari ufite inganda zigera kuri '''20''' zikora amategura n’amatafari (tiles and bricks), ndetse n’inganda zigera kuri '''10''' zisya ifu n’ibiryo by’amatungo. Ubu ariko, umusaruro wawo wagutse cyane, aho ukora ibicuruzwa bitandukanye birimo '''sima''', '''ibice by’imodoka''', '''isukari itunganijwe''', '''ibikomoka ku mata''', '''imyenda''', ndetse n’ibikoresho bya '''mudasobwa'''.Mu bihe bya vuba, n’ubworozi bw’inkoko nabwo bwabaye kimwe mu bice bigenda bitera imbere mu bukungu bw’uyu mujyi, bufasha mu kongera umusaruro w’ibiribwa n’iterambere ry’inganda zifitanye isano n’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi. == Uburezi == Uburezi bwo ku rwego rwa kaminuza muri Çorum butangwa ahanini na '''Hitit University''', kaminuza ya leta yashinzwe mu mwaka wa '''2006'''. Iyi kaminuza itanga amasomo atandukanye mu mashami arimo ubumenyi bw’ubwubatsi n’ubuhanga (engineering), ubuvuzi, ubumenyi bw’imibereho, ndetse n’amategeko n’iyobokamana (theology). Ishyirwaho ry’iyi kaminuza ryagize uruhare rukomeye mu guteza imbere '''uburezi n’umuco''' w’umujyi wa Çorum, rikanagira ingaruka nziza ku iterambere rusange ryawo. [[Category:Imijyi ya Turukiya]] 5tyivxrrfy6wk2b62wogk3wbes7xnti 133256 133255 2026-06-26T14:49:45Z B.Scalling 15089 gukosora no kongeramo Amakuru 133256 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Çorum Turkey Provinces locator.gif|thumb|250px|<span style="color:grey;">Ikarita y’umujyi wa Çorum</span>]]'''Çorum''' Çorum (Cho-rum) ni umujyi uherereye mu majyaruguru ya Anatoliya muri Turukiya. Uherereye imbere mu gihugu, mu gice cyo hagati cy'akarere ka Black Sea (Inyanja Yirabura), ukaba uri ku ntera ya kilometero 244 uvuye i Ankara na kilometero 608 uvuye i Istanbul. Ni wo murwa mukuru w'Intara ya Çorum ndetse n'Akarere ka Çorum. Mu mwaka wa 2022, wari utuwe n'abaturage 269,595. Uherereye ku butumburuke bwa metero 801 hejuru y'inyanja.Çorum izwi cyane kubera ahantu h'ubucukuzi bw'amateka bw'Abafurigiya (Phrygians) n'Abahiti (Hittites), amasoko y'amazi ashyushye avura indwara, ndetse n'ibiryo byayo bizwi cyane by'utubuto tw'ibishyimbo bikaranze (leblebi), bikundwa mu gihugu hose.Uyu mujyi ni umwe mu mijyi ikomeye yo mu majyaruguru ya Anatoliya rwagati, kandi uzwi ku rwego mpuzamahanga kubera kuba wegereye Hattusa, umurwa mukuru w'Ubwami bwa kera bw'Abahiti ndetse n'Umurage w'Isi wa UNESCO. Nanone, Çorum izwi cyane nk'ahantu hakorerwa '''leblebi''', ibishyimbo bikaranze by'umwihariko byabaye kimwe mu bimenyetso nyamukuru biranga uyu mujyi. == Amateka == Hari ibimenyetso byinshi by’ubucukuzi bw’amateka bigaragaza ko abantu batuye mu gace ka Çorum kuva mu '''Igihe cy’Amabuye cya Kera (Paleolithic Age)'''. Aka gace karateye imbere cyane mu '''Igihe cy’Umuringa (Bronze Age)''', ubwo '''Ubwami bw’Abahiti (Hittite Empire)''' bwashingwaga hagati ya '''1650 na 1200 mbere ya Yezu Kristu (BCE)'''. Umurwa mukuru w’Abahiti, '''Hattusa''', wari muri aka karere kubera ko kari gafite uburinzi bwiza bw’urusobe rw’imisozi ndetse n’ubukungu bwari bushingiye ku rwego rwo hejuru rw’ubucuruzi bwari bushyigikiwe na gahunda ya '''Karum'''. === Ubutegetsi bwagiye busimburana muri Çorum === * '''Ubwami bw’Abahiti (Hittites):''' ahagana mu 1600–1200 BCE * '''Ubwami bwa Phrygia:''' ahagana mu 800–695 BCE * '''Ubwami bw’Achaemenid (Abaperesi):''' ahagana mu 547–333 BCE * '''Ubwami bwa Makedoniya:''' 333–323 BCE * '''Ubwami bwa Pontus:''' ahagana mu 281–63 BCE * '''Ubwami bw’Abaroma:''' 63 BCE–395 CE * '''Ubwami bwa Bizantine:''' 395–1071 * '''Ubwami bwa Seljuk:''' 1071–mu myaka ya 1080 * '''Ubwami bwa Danishmendid:''' ahagana mu 1080–1178 * '''Sultanate ya Rum:''' 1178–1243 * '''Ubwami bwa Ilkhanate:''' 1243–1335 * '''Ubwami bwa Eretna Beylik:''' 1335–1381 * '''Ubwami bwa Ottoman:''' 1398–1922 * '''Repubulika ya Turukiya:''' 1923–kugeza ubu Hari igitekerezo cy’abashakashatsi kivuga ko umujyi wa '''Euchaneia''' wo mu gihe cy’Ubwami bwa Bizantine ushobora kuba wari uherereye aho umujyi wa Çorum uri ubu cyangwa hafi yaho. Icyakora, abandi bashakashatsi bavuga ko Euchaneia yari iherereye kure gato mu burasirazuba, hafi ya '''Euchaita'''. Mu nyandiko z’Ikigereki cya kera n’iza Bizantine, Çorum yitwaga '''Niconia (Νικόνεια)''' cyangwa '''Nikonya''' mu Kilatini. Inyandiko zo mu gihe cyo Hagati (Medieval period) nazo zita Çorum '''Yankoniya (Yankoniyye)''', mu gihe ibitabo by’amateka byanditswe nyuma bikoresha amazina '''Niconia''' cyangwa '''Nikonya'''. Ibi byose byerekana ko ayo mazina ashobora kuba yarerekezaga ku mudugudu umwe wabayeho mbere y’ubutegetsi bwa Ottoman. Mu '''Nzu Ndangamurage y’Arikiyoloji ya Çorum (Çorum Archaeological Museum)''' habikwa ibisigazwa byinshi by’amateka, birimo: * Igice cy’inkono (pottery) yo mu gihe cy’Abafurigiya (Phrygians). * Igice cy’igiseke cyitwa '''Hüseyindede vase''' cyo mu gihe cya mbere cy’Abahiti. * '''Ikimenyetso cy’izuba (Sun Disk)''' cyakozwe hagati ya '''2400–2200 BCE''' mu gihe cya Early Bronze Age, cyavumbuwe muri '''Alaca Höyük''', ubu kikaba kibitswe mu '''Nzu Ndangamurage ya Eskişehir'''. Amateka y’umujyi wa Çorum nk’uko uzwi ubu atangira gusa mu kinyejana cya '''16'''. Inkomoko y’izina '''Çorum''' ntiramenyekana neza. Ryagaragaye bwa mbere mu nyandiko z’Ubwami bwa Ottoman rivuga ku gihome cya Seljuk cyitwaga '''Çorum Kalesi''', nk’uko cyasobanuwe n’umunyamateka n’umugenzi '''Evliya Çelebi'''. Mu kinyejana cya 16 rwagati, icyo gihome cyari kigabanyijemo uturere tune twitwaga '''mahalle''' (uduce tw’umujyi). Kuva mu '''1867 kugeza mu 1922''', Çorum yari imwe mu mijyi yari igize '''Intara ya Angora (Ankara Vilayet)''' y’Ubwami bwa Ottoman. == Abaturage == Çorum ni umurwa mukuru w’Intara ya Çorum kandi ni na wo muyobozi w’imirimo y’ubuyobozi muri iyo ntara. Mu ntangiriro z’umwaka wa 2020, umujyi wari utuwe n’abaturage barenga '''260,000'''. Intara yose ya Çorum ifite abaturage benshi kurushaho, batuye mu turere tw’icyaro no mu mijyi mito iyigize. Uyu mujyi wakomeje kwiyongera mu mubare w’abaturage bitewe ahanini n’abimukira bava mu cyaro bajya mu mujyi gushaka imibereho myiza. Abenshi baturuka mu turere duhingwamo imyaka dukikije Çorum. Nk’indi mijyi myinshi yo muri Anatoliya rwagati, imiterere y’abaturage ba Çorum yagiye ihinduka bitewe n’iyimukire yo mu gihugu imbere ndetse n’amahirwe y’akazi aboneka mu nganda no mu rwego rwa serivisi. Mu myaka yashize, umubare w’abaturage b’umujyi wakomeje kwiyongera ku buryo bugaragara. Mu mwaka wa '''1970''', Çorum yari ifite abaturage '''57,576'''. Mu '''1980''', bari bageze kuri '''75,726''', mu '''1985''' bagera kuri '''96,725''', naho mu '''1990''' baba '''116,810'''. Mu mwaka wa '''2000''', abaturage bari bamaze kugera kuri '''161,321''', mu '''2009''' baba '''206,600''', naho mu '''2017''' umujyi ugera ku baturage '''227,863'''.Iri zamuka ry’abaturage rigaragaza iterambere ry’umujyi, ryatewe ahanini no kwimukira kw’abaturage bava mu cyaro baza gushaka akazi, uburezi, serivisi zitandukanye, n’ubuzima bwiza. == Ubukungu == Mu mateka, ubukungu bw’umujyi wa Çorum bwari bushingiye ahanini ku bucuruzi n’imirimo gakondo, nko gukora ibikoresho by’umuringa (coppersmithing), gutunganya uruhu (tanning), kuboha imyenda mu buryo bwa gakondo, ubuhinzi, ndetse n’ubworozi. Nubwo wari umujyi ufite umusaruro muto ugereranyije n’indi mijyi minini, wakomeje kugira ibikorwa by’ubukungu byibanze ku buzima bwa buri munsi bw’abaturage.Mu myaka igera kuri makumyabiri ishize, Çorum yagiye igaragaza '''iterambere rikomeye mu nganda''' no mu bijyanye n’ubwubatsi bw’imashini zoroshye (light engineering). Ibi byatumye ugera ku rwego rwo kuba umwe mu mijyi ifite inganda zateye imbere ugereranyije n’umubare w’abaturage bayo.Kera, umujyi wari ufite inganda zigera kuri '''20''' zikora amategura n’amatafari (tiles and bricks), ndetse n’inganda zigera kuri '''10''' zisya ifu n’ibiryo by’amatungo. Ubu ariko, umusaruro wawo wagutse cyane, aho ukora ibicuruzwa bitandukanye birimo '''sima''', '''ibice by’imodoka''', '''isukari itunganijwe''', '''ibikomoka ku mata''', '''imyenda''', ndetse n’ibikoresho bya '''mudasobwa'''.Mu bihe bya vuba, n’ubworozi bw’inkoko nabwo bwabaye kimwe mu bice bigenda bitera imbere mu bukungu bw’uyu mujyi, bufasha mu kongera umusaruro w’ibiribwa n’iterambere ry’inganda zifitanye isano n’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi. == Uburezi == Uburezi bwo ku rwego rwa kaminuza muri Çorum butangwa ahanini na '''Hitit University''', kaminuza ya leta yashinzwe mu mwaka wa '''2006'''. Iyi kaminuza itanga amasomo atandukanye mu mashami arimo ubumenyi bw’ubwubatsi n’ubuhanga (engineering), ubuvuzi, ubumenyi bw’imibereho, ndetse n’amategeko n’iyobokamana (theology). Ishyirwaho ry’iyi kaminuza ryagize uruhare rukomeye mu guteza imbere '''uburezi n’umuco''' w’umujyi wa Çorum, rikanagira ingaruka nziza ku iterambere rusange ryawo. == Ubukerarugendo == Ubukerarugendo muri Çorum bushingiye cyane ku murage w’amateka n’ubucukuzi bw’ibisigazwa bya kera (archaeology). Uyu mujyi ni irembo rikuru rigana ahantu h’ingenzi cyane ho mu bihe by’Amabuye y’Umuringa n’Ubwami bw’Abahiti, harimo '''Hattusa''', umurwa mukuru wa kera w’Ubwami bw’Abahiti kandi uri ku rutonde rwa '''UNESCO World Heritage Site''', ndetse na '''Alacahöyük''', rumwe mu hantu h’ingenzi cyane h’ubucukuzi bw’amateka muri Anatoliya. Mu mujyi wa Çorum ubwawo, '''Nzu Ndangamurage ya Çorum (Çorum Museum)''' ni kimwe mu bikurura ba mukerarugendo bikomeye. Ibitse ibihangano byinshi n’ibisigazwa by’amateka byo mu bihe bitandukanye birimo iby’Abahiti, Abafurigiya, Abaroma, Abanyabizantine, Abaseljuki n’Abottoman. Harimo kandi ibihangano byavumbuwe i Hattusa, Alacahöyük na Şapinuva. Ubukerarugendo bw’umuco nabwo bufashwa n’insengero za kera z’uyu mujyi, inyubako gakondo z’amateka, n’inzu ndangamurage zitandukanye. Byongeye kandi, Çorum izwi nk’imwe mu mijyi ikomeye muri Turukiya mu bushakashatsi n’ubumenyi ku mateka y’Abahiti, bikayongerera agaciro mu rwego mpuzamahanga. == Igihome cya Çorum (Çorum Castle / Çorum Kalesi) == '''Çorum Castle''', izwi kandi ku izina rya '''Çorum Kalesi''', ni igihome cy’amateka giherereye ku musozi w’amabuye ureba neza ikigo cy’umujyi wa Çorum.Nubwo itariki nyayo cyubatsweho itazwi neza, abashakashatsi benshi bemeza ko cyubatswe bwa mbere mu gihe '''cy’Ubwami bwa Bizantine''', hanyuma kigasubirwamo kandi kigatunganywa mu bihe by’Ubwami bwa '''Seljuk''' ndetse n’Ubwami bwa '''Ottoman'''.Mu mateka yacyo, iki gihome cyakoreshwaga nk’ahantu h’ingabo ho kurinda umujyi no kugenzura inzira z’ubucuruzi n’ingendo zinyuraga muri ako karere, ndetse no kurinda abaturage b’aho hantu.Kugeza n’ubu, haracyari ibisigazwa by’inkuta zacyo n’imirongo y’ibyumba by’ingabo (towers). Iki gihome kandi ni kimwe mu bice bikurura ba mukerarugendo, kuko gitanga n’amaso meza areba umujyi wa Çorum ndetse n’icyaro kiyikikije. == Umuco == Umujyi wa '''Çorum''' ufite umurage ukungahaye w’umuco, wubakiye ku mateka maremare yawo nk’ahantu hatuwe n’umuhererekane w’imico n’imbaga zitandukanye zirimo '''Abahiti (Hittites)''', '''Ababyzantine''', '''Abaselijuki (Seljuks)''' n’'''Abottomani (Ottomans)'''. Buri myaka itatu, uyu mujyi wakira '''Inama Mpuzamahanga ku Bahiti (International Hittite Congress)''', igaragaza uruhare rukomeye Çorum ifite mu bushakashatsi ku mateka n’ubucukumbuzi bw’ibyataburuwe mu butaka.Imigenzo gakondo yo muri Anatoliya iracyagaragara mu mibereho y’abaturage, cyane cyane mu muziki, ubukorikori ndetse no mu bikorwa byo guhurira hamwe nk’umuryango. Indirimbo gakondo n’umuco wo gutanga inkuru z’ihererekanywa mu magambo biracyafite umwanya ukomeye, cyane cyane mu bice by’icyaro bikikije uyu mujyi.Gutunganya no gukora '''leblebi''' (ibinyomoro bya poishe bikaranze) ni kimwe mu biranga umuco n’ubukungu bwa Çorum. Uyu muco umaze ibinyejana byinshi ukorwa muri uyu mujyi, kandi '''leblebi''' yabaye ikimenyetso kizwi kiranga Çorum. Kugeza n’ubu, hari inganda n’abacuruzi benshi bakomeza kuyitunganya no kuyohereza ku masoko yo muri Turukiya ndetse no mu bindi bihugu. === Inzu Ndangamurage ya Çorum === '''Inzu Ndangamurage ya Çorum''' ni yo rwego nyamukuru rushinzwe kubungabunga no kwerekana ibimenyetso by’amateka byakomotse mu bihe by’'''Abahiti (Hittites)''', '''Abafurigiya (Phrygians)''', '''Abaroma''', n’'''Ababyzantine'''. Mu byo ibitse harimo ibikoresho bikozwe mu ibumba, ibyuma, amafaranga ya kera (ibiceri), n’ibindi byavumbuwe mu bucukumbuzi bwakorewe mu karere, cyane cyane muri '''Alacahöyük''' na '''Boğazköy-Hattusa'''.Iyi nzu ndangamurage kandi ifite igice cyerekana imibereho n’umuco w’abaturage bo mu cyaro cyo muri ako karere. Aho hagaragaramo ibikoresho gakondo byakoreshwaga mu buzima bwa buri munsi, hamwe n’ingero z’ubukorikori bw’iwabo, bifasha gusobanukirwa amateka n’imibereho y’abaturage ba Çorum n’akarere kayo. == Ubwikorezi == ==== Sitasiyo y’Ibisi (Bus Terminal) ==== Çorum iherereye ku muhanda ukomeye uhuza '''Anatoliya yo Hagati (Central Anatolia)''' n’akarere k’inyanja y’'''Inyanja Yirabura (Black Sea region)'''. Uyu mujyi uhuza n’imijyi ikomeye nka '''Ankara''' binyuze mu mihanda migari yo mu gihugu, bikawugira ihuriro rikomeye ry’ubwikorezi bwo mu gihugu imbere.Ubwikorezi bwo mu muhanda ni bwo bukoreshwa cyane mu kugera muri uyu mujyi, kandi uhuza n’imihanda y’igihugu ihuza imbere mu gihugu cya Turukiya n’intara zo mu majyaruguru zegereye inyanja. Imishinga yo guteza imbere ibikorwa remezo harimo n’igenamigambi ryo guhuza Çorum n’imiyoboro ya gari ya moshi ndetse na gari ya moshi yihuta (high-speed rail).Hari inzira nyinshi zo kugera muri Çorum mu muhanda. Urugendo ruva mu murwa mukuru '''Ankara''' rukorwa unyuze ku muhanda '''E88'''. Hateganyijwe kandi ahantu ho guhagarara gari ya moshi yihuta izahuza '''Ankara–Samsun''', ikanyura no muri Çorum, mu mushinga wa '''TCDD (Turkish State Railways)'''. == Ubucukumbuzi bw’Amateka (Archaeology) == Akarere ka '''Çorum''' ni kamwe mu turere two muri Turukiya dufite akamaro kanini mu bucukumbuzi bw’amateka, kuko hari ibimenyetso by’uko abantu batuye muri ako gace kuva mu bihe bya kera cyane bya '''Paleolithic''' na '''Chalcolithic'''. Aka karere kandi kageze ku rwego rukomeye mu mateka y’Isi mu gihe cy’'''Icyuma cya Bronze (Bronze Age)''', aho kari mu murwa mukuru w’umuco w’'''Abahiti (Hittite civilization)'''.Ahantu hatari kure nka '''Hattusa''', wari umurwa mukuru w’Ubwami bw’Abahiti, ndetse na '''Yazılıkaya''', ahabaga ibikorwa by’idini, byombi biri ku rutonde rwa '''UNESCO World Heritage Sites''' mu Ntara ya Çorum. Izindi site zikomeye z’ubucukumbuzi zirimo '''Alacahöyük''' na '''Sapinuwa''', zigaragaza uko habayeho ubuzima buhoraho n’imiyoborere mu Anatoliya ya kera.Kubera kwegera ahantu hakomeye nk’'''Hattusa''' na '''Alacahöyük''', Çorum yabaye imwe mu bigo bikomeye bya Turukiya mu bushakashatsi ku mateka y’Abahiti n’ubucukumbuzi. '''Inzu Ndangamurage ya Çorum''' ibitse ibihangano byinshi by’amateka byaturutse mu bihe by’Abahiti, Abafurigiya (Phrygians), Abaroma, Ababyzantine, Abaselijuki (Seljuks) n’Abottomani (Ottomans).Nyuma y’Ubwami bw’Abahiti, aka karere kagiye kagira ingaruka z’ubutegetsi bw’Abafurigiya, Abaperisi, Abaroma, Ababyzantine, hanyuma n’ibihugu by’Abanyaturukiya, bituma habeho uruhurirane rukomeye rw’amateka n’ubucukumbuzi butandukanye. == Ibidukikije n’Imiterere y’aho iherereye (Geography) == Çorum iherereye ku nkombe yo mu majyaruguru y’'''Ikarita Ndende ya Anatoliya yo Hagati (Central Anatolian Plateau)'''. Uyu mujyi uri ku kibaya gikikijwe n’imisozi hirya no hino.Ishami rya '''Merzifon''' rya '''ikibari cy’imitingito cya Anatoliya y’Amajyaruguru (North Anatolian Fault)''' rinyura hafi, ku ntera ya kilometero nka 25 (ibilometero 16) mu majyaruguru ya Çorum. Umurongo nyamukuru w’icyo kibari cy’imitingito nawo uherereye ku ntera ya kilometero nka 60 (ibilometero 37) mu majyaruguru y’uyu mujyi. == Ikirere (Climate) == Çorum ifite ikirere cy’ubwoko bwa '''continental gishyushye mu mpeshyi''' (ukurikije classification ya Köppen: '''Dfb''', cyangwa Trewartha: '''Dcb'''), aho haba impeshyi ishyushye kandi yumutse, n’itumba rikonje cyane kandi riherekejwe n’urubura. Ibihe by’'''impeshyi''' birangwa n’izuba n’ubushyuhe, mu gihe '''itumba''' rirangwa n’ubukonje bukabije n’urubura. Ibihe by’'''impeshyi yoroheje (spring)''' n’'''izuba ry’umwaka risoza (autumn)''' byo birangwa n’imvura yoroheje n’ubushyuhe butari bwinshi. * Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwigeze kwandikwa: '''42.6 °C''' (108.7 °F) ku wa 30 Nyakanga 2000. * Ubushyuhe bwo hasi bwigeze kwandikwa: '''−27.2 °C''' (−17.0 °F) ku wa 23 Gashyantare 1985. == Abantu Bazwi bakomoka i Çorum (Notable People of Çorum) == * '''İskilipli Mehmed Atıf Hoca''' – Umunyamadini wa Islamu uzwi cyane mu mateka ya Turukiya. * '''Süleyman Özmen''' – Umunyeshuri uzwi mu rugendo rw’abanenga ubutegetsi (Idealist student). * '''Elif Çakır''' – Umunyamakuru (journalist). * '''Nihat Nikerel''' – Umukinnyi wa filime (actor). * '''Âşık Gülabi''' – Umusizi n’umuririmbyi w’indirimbo gakondo (folk poet). * '''Mahmut Atalay''' – Umukinnyi w’umukino wo kurwana (wrestler), uzwi cyane mu mateka ya siporo ya Turukiya. == Abayobozi b’Umujyi wa Çorum (Mayors of Çorum Province) == * '''1973–1984 & 1989–1994''': Turhan Kılıççıoğlu (CHP, SHP) * '''1984–1989''': Necdet Diken (ANAP) * '''1994–2002''': Arif Ersoy (Refah Party, Fazilet Partisi, AK Party) * '''2002–2003''': Ömer Abuhanoğlu (AK Party) * '''2003–2009''': Turan Atlamaz (AK Party) * '''2009–2018''': Muzaffer Külcü (AK Party) * '''2018–2019''': Zeki Gül (AK Party) * '''2019–ubu''': Halil İbrahim Aşgın (AK Party) === Reba nanone (See also) === * '''Anatolian Tigers''' – Ijambo rikoreshwa mu kuvuga imijyi n’intara zo muri Anatoliya zateye imbere mu bukungu n’inganda mu buryo bwihuse. * '''Amasya''' – Umujyi wo muri Turukiya uzwiho amateka akomeye n’umuco gakondo, uri hafi ya Çorum. * '''Chickpea noghl''' – Ibiryo biryohereye bikozwe mu binyomoro (chickpeas), bikunda gukoreshwa nk’ifunguro ryo kurya cyangwa desert mu bice bimwe bya Turukiya na Iran. * '''Leblebi''' – Ibinomoro byokeje (roasted chickpeas), ibiryo gakondo bizwi cyane cyane mu mujyi wa Çorum kandi bikaba kimwe mu biranga umuco n’ubukungu bwawo. == Amashakiro == # [https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/medas/?kn=95&locale=en biruni.tuik.gov.tr/medas/?kn=95&locale=en] # https://www.e-icisleri.gov.tr/Anasayfa/MulkiIdariBolumleri.aspx # [https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/377 Hattusha: the Hittite Capital - UNESCO World Heritage Centre] # https://nisanyanyeradlari.com/?y=&lv=&t=%C3%A7orum&cry=TR&ua=10 # [https://www.tuik.gov.tr/ Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu (TÜİK)] # https://corum.goturkiye.com/see # https://www.britannica.com/place/Corum # https://www.allaboutturkey.com/corum.html [[Category:Imijyi ya Turukiya]] gc34che0bggb1py35i5ad4p7xbu01rp 133257 133256 2026-06-26T14:55:12Z B.Scalling 15089 133257 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Çorum Turkey Provinces locator.gif|thumb|250px|<span style="color:grey;">Ikarita y’umujyi wa Çorum</span>]]'''Çorum''' Çorum (Cho-rum) ni umujyi uherereye mu majyaruguru ya Anatoliya muri Turukiya. Uherereye imbere mu gihugu, mu gice cyo hagati cy'akarere ka Black Sea (Inyanja Yirabura), ukaba uri ku ntera ya kilometero 244 uvuye i Ankara na kilometero 608 uvuye i Istanbul. Ni wo murwa mukuru w'Intara ya Çorum ndetse n'Akarere ka Çorum. Mu mwaka wa 2022, wari utuwe n'abaturage 269,595. Uherereye ku butumburuke bwa metero 801 hejuru y'inyanja.Çorum izwi cyane kubera ahantu h'ubucukuzi bw'amateka bw'Abafurigiya (Phrygians) n'Abahiti (Hittites), amasoko y'amazi ashyushye avura indwara, ndetse n'ibiryo byayo bizwi cyane by'utubuto tw'ibishyimbo bikaranze (leblebi), bikundwa mu gihugu hose.Uyu mujyi ni umwe mu mijyi ikomeye yo mu majyaruguru ya Anatoliya rwagati, kandi uzwi ku rwego mpuzamahanga kubera kuba wegereye Hattusa, umurwa mukuru w'Ubwami bwa kera bw'Abahiti ndetse n'Umurage w'Isi wa UNESCO. Nanone, Çorum izwi cyane nk'ahantu hakorerwa '''leblebi''', ibishyimbo bikaranze by'umwihariko byabaye kimwe mu bimenyetso nyamukuru biranga uyu mujyi. == Amateka == Hari ibimenyetso byinshi by’ubucukuzi bw’amateka bigaragaza ko abantu batuye mu gace ka Çorum kuva mu '''Igihe cy’Amabuye cya Kera (Paleolithic Age)'''. Aka gace karateye imbere cyane mu '''Igihe cy’Umuringa (Bronze Age)''', ubwo '''Ubwami bw’Abahiti (Hittite Empire)''' bwashingwaga hagati ya '''1650 na 1200 mbere ya Yezu Kristu (BCE)'''. Umurwa mukuru w’Abahiti, '''Hattusa''', wari muri aka karere kubera ko kari gafite uburinzi bwiza bw’urusobe rw’imisozi ndetse n’ubukungu bwari bushingiye ku rwego rwo hejuru rw’ubucuruzi bwari bushyigikiwe na gahunda ya '''Karum'''. === Ubutegetsi bwagiye busimburana muri Çorum === * '''Ubwami bw’Abahiti (Hittites):''' ahagana mu 1600–1200 BCE * '''Ubwami bwa Phrygia:''' ahagana mu 800–695 BCE * '''Ubwami bw’Achaemenid (Abaperesi):''' ahagana mu 547–333 BCE * '''Ubwami bwa Makedoniya:''' 333–323 BCE * '''Ubwami bwa Pontus:''' ahagana mu 281–63 BCE * '''Ubwami bw’Abaroma:''' 63 BCE–395 CE * '''Ubwami bwa Bizantine:''' 395–1071 * '''Ubwami bwa Seljuk:''' 1071–mu myaka ya 1080 * '''Ubwami bwa Danishmendid:''' ahagana mu 1080–1178 * '''Sultanate ya Rum:''' 1178–1243 * '''Ubwami bwa Ilkhanate:''' 1243–1335 * '''Ubwami bwa Eretna Beylik:''' 1335–1381 * '''Ubwami bwa Ottoman:''' 1398–1922 * '''Repubulika ya Turukiya:''' 1923–kugeza ubu Hari igitekerezo cy’abashakashatsi kivuga ko umujyi wa '''Euchaneia''' wo mu gihe cy’Ubwami bwa Bizantine ushobora kuba wari uherereye aho umujyi wa Çorum uri ubu cyangwa hafi yaho. Icyakora, abandi bashakashatsi bavuga ko Euchaneia yari iherereye kure gato mu burasirazuba, hafi ya '''Euchaita'''. Mu nyandiko z’Ikigereki cya kera n’iza Bizantine, Çorum yitwaga '''Niconia (Νικόνεια)''' cyangwa '''Nikonya''' mu Kilatini. Inyandiko zo mu gihe cyo Hagati (Medieval period) nazo zita Çorum '''Yankoniya (Yankoniyye)''', mu gihe ibitabo by’amateka byanditswe nyuma bikoresha amazina '''Niconia''' cyangwa '''Nikonya'''. Ibi byose byerekana ko ayo mazina ashobora kuba yarerekezaga ku mudugudu umwe wabayeho mbere y’ubutegetsi bwa Ottoman. Mu '''Nzu Ndangamurage y’Arikiyoloji ya Çorum (Çorum Archaeological Museum)''' habikwa ibisigazwa byinshi by’amateka, birimo: * Igice cy’inkono (pottery) yo mu gihe cy’Abafurigiya (Phrygians). * Igice cy’igiseke cyitwa '''Hüseyindede vase''' cyo mu gihe cya mbere cy’Abahiti. * '''Ikimenyetso cy’izuba (Sun Disk)''' cyakozwe hagati ya '''2400–2200 BCE''' mu gihe cya Early Bronze Age, cyavumbuwe muri '''Alaca Höyük''', ubu kikaba kibitswe mu '''Nzu Ndangamurage ya Eskişehir'''. Amateka y’umujyi wa Çorum nk’uko uzwi ubu atangira gusa mu kinyejana cya '''16'''. Inkomoko y’izina '''Çorum''' ntiramenyekana neza. Ryagaragaye bwa mbere mu nyandiko z’Ubwami bwa Ottoman rivuga ku gihome cya Seljuk cyitwaga '''Çorum Kalesi''', nk’uko cyasobanuwe n’umunyamateka n’umugenzi '''Evliya Çelebi'''. Mu kinyejana cya 16 rwagati, icyo gihome cyari kigabanyijemo uturere tune twitwaga '''mahalle''' (uduce tw’umujyi). Kuva mu '''1867 kugeza mu 1922''', Çorum yari imwe mu mijyi yari igize '''Intara ya Angora (Ankara Vilayet)''' y’Ubwami bwa Ottoman. == Abaturage == Çorum ni umurwa mukuru w’Intara ya Çorum kandi ni na wo muyobozi w’imirimo y’ubuyobozi muri iyo ntara. Mu ntangiriro z’umwaka wa 2020, umujyi wari utuwe n’abaturage barenga '''260,000'''. Intara yose ya Çorum ifite abaturage benshi kurushaho, batuye mu turere tw’icyaro no mu mijyi mito iyigize. Uyu mujyi wakomeje kwiyongera mu mubare w’abaturage bitewe ahanini n’abimukira bava mu cyaro bajya mu mujyi gushaka imibereho myiza. Abenshi baturuka mu turere duhingwamo imyaka dukikije Çorum. Nk’indi mijyi myinshi yo muri Anatoliya rwagati, imiterere y’abaturage ba Çorum yagiye ihinduka bitewe n’iyimukire yo mu gihugu imbere ndetse n’amahirwe y’akazi aboneka mu nganda no mu rwego rwa serivisi. Mu myaka yashize, umubare w’abaturage b’umujyi wakomeje kwiyongera ku buryo bugaragara. Mu mwaka wa '''1970''', Çorum yari ifite abaturage '''57,576'''. Mu '''1980''', bari bageze kuri '''75,726''', mu '''1985''' bagera kuri '''96,725''', naho mu '''1990''' baba '''116,810'''. Mu mwaka wa '''2000''', abaturage bari bamaze kugera kuri '''161,321''', mu '''2009''' baba '''206,600''', naho mu '''2017''' umujyi ugera ku baturage '''227,863'''.Iri zamuka ry’abaturage rigaragaza iterambere ry’umujyi, ryatewe ahanini no kwimukira kw’abaturage bava mu cyaro baza gushaka akazi, uburezi, serivisi zitandukanye, n’ubuzima bwiza. == Ubukungu == Mu mateka, ubukungu bw’umujyi wa Çorum bwari bushingiye ahanini ku bucuruzi n’imirimo gakondo, nko gukora ibikoresho by’umuringa (coppersmithing), gutunganya uruhu (tanning), kuboha imyenda mu buryo bwa gakondo, ubuhinzi, ndetse n’ubworozi. Nubwo wari umujyi ufite umusaruro muto ugereranyije n’indi mijyi minini, wakomeje kugira ibikorwa by’ubukungu byibanze ku buzima bwa buri munsi bw’abaturage.Mu myaka igera kuri makumyabiri ishize, Çorum yagiye igaragaza '''iterambere rikomeye mu nganda''' no mu bijyanye n’ubwubatsi bw’imashini zoroshye (light engineering). Ibi byatumye ugera ku rwego rwo kuba umwe mu mijyi ifite inganda zateye imbere ugereranyije n’umubare w’abaturage bayo.Kera, umujyi wari ufite inganda zigera kuri '''20''' zikora amategura n’amatafari (tiles and bricks), ndetse n’inganda zigera kuri '''10''' zisya ifu n’ibiryo by’amatungo. Ubu ariko, umusaruro wawo wagutse cyane, aho ukora ibicuruzwa bitandukanye birimo '''sima''', '''ibice by’imodoka''', '''isukari itunganijwe''', '''ibikomoka ku mata''', '''imyenda''', ndetse n’ibikoresho bya '''mudasobwa'''.Mu bihe bya vuba, n’ubworozi bw’inkoko nabwo bwabaye kimwe mu bice bigenda bitera imbere mu bukungu bw’uyu mujyi, bufasha mu kongera umusaruro w’ibiribwa n’iterambere ry’inganda zifitanye isano n’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi. == Uburezi == Uburezi bwo ku rwego rwa kaminuza muri Çorum butangwa ahanini na '''Hitit University''', kaminuza ya leta yashinzwe mu mwaka wa '''2006'''. Iyi kaminuza itanga amasomo atandukanye mu mashami arimo ubumenyi bw’ubwubatsi n’ubuhanga (engineering), ubuvuzi, ubumenyi bw’imibereho, ndetse n’amategeko n’iyobokamana (theology). Ishyirwaho ry’iyi kaminuza ryagize uruhare rukomeye mu guteza imbere '''uburezi n’umuco''' w’umujyi wa Çorum, rikanagira ingaruka nziza ku iterambere rusange ryawo. == Ubukerarugendo == Ubukerarugendo muri Çorum bushingiye cyane ku murage w’amateka n’ubucukuzi bw’ibisigazwa bya kera (archaeology). Uyu mujyi ni irembo rikuru rigana ahantu h’ingenzi cyane ho mu bihe by’Amabuye y’Umuringa n’Ubwami bw’Abahiti, harimo '''Hattusa''', umurwa mukuru wa kera w’Ubwami bw’Abahiti kandi uri ku rutonde rwa '''UNESCO World Heritage Site''', ndetse na '''Alacahöyük''', rumwe mu hantu h’ingenzi cyane h’ubucukuzi bw’amateka muri Anatoliya. Mu mujyi wa Çorum ubwawo, '''Nzu Ndangamurage ya Çorum (Çorum Museum)''' ni kimwe mu bikurura ba mukerarugendo bikomeye. Ibitse ibihangano byinshi n’ibisigazwa by’amateka byo mu bihe bitandukanye birimo iby’Abahiti, Abafurigiya, Abaroma, Abanyabizantine, Abaseljuki n’Abottoman. Harimo kandi ibihangano byavumbuwe i Hattusa, Alacahöyük na Şapinuva. Ubukerarugendo bw’umuco nabwo bufashwa n’insengero za kera z’uyu mujyi, inyubako gakondo z’amateka, n’inzu ndangamurage zitandukanye. Byongeye kandi, Çorum izwi nk’imwe mu mijyi ikomeye muri Turukiya mu bushakashatsi n’ubumenyi ku mateka y’Abahiti, bikayongerera agaciro mu rwego mpuzamahanga. == Igihome cya Çorum (Çorum Castle / Çorum Kalesi) == [[Dosiye:Gerdek Rock Tomb front detail, Hellenistic period, 2nd century BC, district of Çorum, Turkey.jpg|thumb]] '''Çorum Castle''', izwi kandi ku izina rya '''Çorum Kalesi''', ni igihome cy’amateka giherereye ku musozi w’amabuye ureba neza ikigo cy’umujyi wa Çorum.Nubwo itariki nyayo cyubatsweho itazwi neza, abashakashatsi benshi bemeza ko cyubatswe bwa mbere mu gihe '''cy’Ubwami bwa Bizantine''', hanyuma kigasubirwamo kandi kigatunganywa mu bihe by’Ubwami bwa '''Seljuk''' ndetse n’Ubwami bwa '''Ottoman'''.Mu mateka yacyo, iki gihome cyakoreshwaga nk’ahantu h’ingabo ho kurinda umujyi no kugenzura inzira z’ubucuruzi n’ingendo zinyuraga muri ako karere, ndetse no kurinda abaturage b’aho hantu.Kugeza n’ubu, haracyari ibisigazwa by’inkuta zacyo n’imirongo y’ibyumba by’ingabo (towers). Iki gihome kandi ni kimwe mu bice bikurura ba mukerarugendo, kuko gitanga n’amaso meza areba umujyi wa Çorum ndetse n’icyaro kiyikikije. == Umuco == Umujyi wa '''Çorum''' ufite umurage ukungahaye w’umuco, wubakiye ku mateka maremare yawo nk’ahantu hatuwe n’umuhererekane w’imico n’imbaga zitandukanye zirimo '''Abahiti (Hittites)''', '''Ababyzantine''', '''Abaselijuki (Seljuks)''' n’'''Abottomani (Ottomans)'''. Buri myaka itatu, uyu mujyi wakira '''Inama Mpuzamahanga ku Bahiti (International Hittite Congress)''', igaragaza uruhare rukomeye Çorum ifite mu bushakashatsi ku mateka n’ubucukumbuzi bw’ibyataburuwe mu butaka.Imigenzo gakondo yo muri Anatoliya iracyagaragara mu mibereho y’abaturage, cyane cyane mu muziki, ubukorikori ndetse no mu bikorwa byo guhurira hamwe nk’umuryango. Indirimbo gakondo n’umuco wo gutanga inkuru z’ihererekanywa mu magambo biracyafite umwanya ukomeye, cyane cyane mu bice by’icyaro bikikije uyu mujyi.Gutunganya no gukora '''leblebi''' (ibinyomoro bya poishe bikaranze) ni kimwe mu biranga umuco n’ubukungu bwa Çorum. Uyu muco umaze ibinyejana byinshi ukorwa muri uyu mujyi, kandi '''leblebi''' yabaye ikimenyetso kizwi kiranga Çorum. Kugeza n’ubu, hari inganda n’abacuruzi benshi bakomeza kuyitunganya no kuyohereza ku masoko yo muri Turukiya ndetse no mu bindi bihugu. === Inzu Ndangamurage ya Çorum === '''Inzu Ndangamurage ya Çorum''' ni yo rwego nyamukuru rushinzwe kubungabunga no kwerekana ibimenyetso by’amateka byakomotse mu bihe by’'''Abahiti (Hittites)''', '''Abafurigiya (Phrygians)''', '''Abaroma''', n’'''Ababyzantine'''. Mu byo ibitse harimo ibikoresho bikozwe mu ibumba, ibyuma, amafaranga ya kera (ibiceri), n’ibindi byavumbuwe mu bucukumbuzi bwakorewe mu karere, cyane cyane muri '''Alacahöyük''' na '''Boğazköy-Hattusa'''.Iyi nzu ndangamurage kandi ifite igice cyerekana imibereho n’umuco w’abaturage bo mu cyaro cyo muri ako karere. Aho hagaragaramo ibikoresho gakondo byakoreshwaga mu buzima bwa buri munsi, hamwe n’ingero z’ubukorikori bw’iwabo, bifasha gusobanukirwa amateka n’imibereho y’abaturage ba Çorum n’akarere kayo. == Ubwikorezi == ==== Sitasiyo y’Ibisi (Bus Terminal) ==== Çorum iherereye ku muhanda ukomeye uhuza '''Anatoliya yo Hagati (Central Anatolia)''' n’akarere k’inyanja y’'''Inyanja Yirabura (Black Sea region)'''. Uyu mujyi uhuza n’imijyi ikomeye nka '''Ankara''' binyuze mu mihanda migari yo mu gihugu, bikawugira ihuriro rikomeye ry’ubwikorezi bwo mu gihugu imbere.Ubwikorezi bwo mu muhanda ni bwo bukoreshwa cyane mu kugera muri uyu mujyi, kandi uhuza n’imihanda y’igihugu ihuza imbere mu gihugu cya Turukiya n’intara zo mu majyaruguru zegereye inyanja. Imishinga yo guteza imbere ibikorwa remezo harimo n’igenamigambi ryo guhuza Çorum n’imiyoboro ya gari ya moshi ndetse na gari ya moshi yihuta (high-speed rail).Hari inzira nyinshi zo kugera muri Çorum mu muhanda. Urugendo ruva mu murwa mukuru '''Ankara''' rukorwa unyuze ku muhanda '''E88'''. Hateganyijwe kandi ahantu ho guhagarara gari ya moshi yihuta izahuza '''Ankara–Samsun''', ikanyura no muri Çorum, mu mushinga wa '''TCDD (Turkish State Railways)'''. == Ubucukumbuzi bw’Amateka (Archaeology) == Akarere ka '''Çorum''' ni kamwe mu turere two muri Turukiya dufite akamaro kanini mu bucukumbuzi bw’amateka, kuko hari ibimenyetso by’uko abantu batuye muri ako gace kuva mu bihe bya kera cyane bya '''Paleolithic''' na '''Chalcolithic'''. Aka karere kandi kageze ku rwego rukomeye mu mateka y’Isi mu gihe cy’'''Icyuma cya Bronze (Bronze Age)''', aho kari mu murwa mukuru w’umuco w’'''Abahiti (Hittite civilization)'''.Ahantu hatari kure nka '''Hattusa''', wari umurwa mukuru w’Ubwami bw’Abahiti, ndetse na '''Yazılıkaya''', ahabaga ibikorwa by’idini, byombi biri ku rutonde rwa '''UNESCO World Heritage Sites''' mu Ntara ya Çorum. Izindi site zikomeye z’ubucukumbuzi zirimo '''Alacahöyük''' na '''Sapinuwa''', zigaragaza uko habayeho ubuzima buhoraho n’imiyoborere mu Anatoliya ya kera.Kubera kwegera ahantu hakomeye nk’'''Hattusa''' na '''Alacahöyük''', Çorum yabaye imwe mu bigo bikomeye bya Turukiya mu bushakashatsi ku mateka y’Abahiti n’ubucukumbuzi. '''Inzu Ndangamurage ya Çorum''' ibitse ibihangano byinshi by’amateka byaturutse mu bihe by’Abahiti, Abafurigiya (Phrygians), Abaroma, Ababyzantine, Abaselijuki (Seljuks) n’Abottomani (Ottomans).Nyuma y’Ubwami bw’Abahiti, aka karere kagiye kagira ingaruka z’ubutegetsi bw’Abafurigiya, Abaperisi, Abaroma, Ababyzantine, hanyuma n’ibihugu by’Abanyaturukiya, bituma habeho uruhurirane rukomeye rw’amateka n’ubucukumbuzi butandukanye. == Ibidukikije n’Imiterere y’aho iherereye (Geography) == Çorum iherereye ku nkombe yo mu majyaruguru y’'''Ikarita Ndende ya Anatoliya yo Hagati (Central Anatolian Plateau)'''. Uyu mujyi uri ku kibaya gikikijwe n’imisozi hirya no hino.Ishami rya '''Merzifon''' rya '''ikibari cy’imitingito cya Anatoliya y’Amajyaruguru (North Anatolian Fault)''' rinyura hafi, ku ntera ya kilometero nka 25 (ibilometero 16) mu majyaruguru ya Çorum. Umurongo nyamukuru w’icyo kibari cy’imitingito nawo uherereye ku ntera ya kilometero nka 60 (ibilometero 37) mu majyaruguru y’uyu mujyi. == Ikirere (Climate) == Çorum ifite ikirere cy’ubwoko bwa '''continental gishyushye mu mpeshyi''' (ukurikije classification ya Köppen: '''Dfb''', cyangwa Trewartha: '''Dcb'''), aho haba impeshyi ishyushye kandi yumutse, n’itumba rikonje cyane kandi riherekejwe n’urubura. Ibihe by’'''impeshyi''' birangwa n’izuba n’ubushyuhe, mu gihe '''itumba''' rirangwa n’ubukonje bukabije n’urubura. Ibihe by’'''impeshyi yoroheje (spring)''' n’'''izuba ry’umwaka risoza (autumn)''' byo birangwa n’imvura yoroheje n’ubushyuhe butari bwinshi. * Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwigeze kwandikwa: '''42.6 °C''' (108.7 °F) ku wa 30 Nyakanga 2000. * Ubushyuhe bwo hasi bwigeze kwandikwa: '''−27.2 °C''' (−17.0 °F) ku wa 23 Gashyantare 1985. == Abantu Bazwi bakomoka i Çorum (Notable People of Çorum) == * '''İskilipli Mehmed Atıf Hoca''' – Umunyamadini wa Islamu uzwi cyane mu mateka ya Turukiya. * '''Süleyman Özmen''' – Umunyeshuri uzwi mu rugendo rw’abanenga ubutegetsi (Idealist student). * '''Elif Çakır''' – Umunyamakuru (journalist). * '''Nihat Nikerel''' – Umukinnyi wa filime (actor). * '''Âşık Gülabi''' – Umusizi n’umuririmbyi w’indirimbo gakondo (folk poet). * '''Mahmut Atalay''' – Umukinnyi w’umukino wo kurwana (wrestler), uzwi cyane mu mateka ya siporo ya Turukiya. == Abayobozi b’Umujyi wa Çorum (Mayors of Çorum Province) == * '''1973–1984 & 1989–1994''': Turhan Kılıççıoğlu (CHP, SHP) * '''1984–1989''': Necdet Diken (ANAP) * '''1994–2002''': Arif Ersoy (Refah Party, Fazilet Partisi, AK Party) * '''2002–2003''': Ömer Abuhanoğlu (AK Party) * '''2003–2009''': Turan Atlamaz (AK Party) * '''2009–2018''': Muzaffer Külcü (AK Party) * '''2018–2019''': Zeki Gül (AK Party) * '''2019–ubu''': Halil İbrahim Aşgın (AK Party) === Reba nanone (See also) === * '''Anatolian Tigers''' – Ijambo rikoreshwa mu kuvuga imijyi n’intara zo muri Anatoliya zateye imbere mu bukungu n’inganda mu buryo bwihuse. * '''Amasya''' – Umujyi wo muri Turukiya uzwiho amateka akomeye n’umuco gakondo, uri hafi ya Çorum. * '''Chickpea noghl''' – Ibiryo biryohereye bikozwe mu binyomoro (chickpeas), bikunda gukoreshwa nk’ifunguro ryo kurya cyangwa desert mu bice bimwe bya Turukiya na Iran. * '''Leblebi''' – Ibinomoro byokeje (roasted chickpeas), ibiryo gakondo bizwi cyane cyane mu mujyi wa Çorum kandi bikaba kimwe mu biranga umuco n’ubukungu bwawo. == Amashakiro == # [https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/medas/?kn=95&locale=en biruni.tuik.gov.tr/medas/?kn=95&locale=en] # https://www.e-icisleri.gov.tr/Anasayfa/MulkiIdariBolumleri.aspx # [https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/377 Hattusha: the Hittite Capital - UNESCO World Heritage Centre] # https://nisanyanyeradlari.com/?y=&lv=&t=%C3%A7orum&cry=TR&ua=10 # [https://www.tuik.gov.tr/ Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu (TÜİK)] # https://corum.goturkiye.com/see # https://www.britannica.com/place/Corum # https://www.allaboutturkey.com/corum.html [[Category:Imijyi ya Turukiya]] 7fwoeix0sngyw6pji4rgsjna1o5druc 133258 133257 2026-06-26T14:57:12Z B.Scalling 15089 133258 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Çorum Turkey Provinces locator.gif|thumb|250px|<span style="color:grey;">Ikarita y’umujyi wa Çorum</span>]]'''Çorum''' Çorum (Cho-rum) ni umujyi uherereye mu majyaruguru ya Anatoliya muri Turukiya. Uherereye imbere mu gihugu, mu gice cyo hagati cy'akarere ka Black Sea (Inyanja Yirabura), ukaba uri ku ntera ya kilometero 244 uvuye i Ankara na kilometero 608 uvuye i Istanbul. Ni wo murwa mukuru w'Intara ya Çorum ndetse n'Akarere ka Çorum. Mu mwaka wa 2022, wari utuwe n'abaturage 269,595. Uherereye ku butumburuke bwa metero 801 hejuru y'inyanja.Çorum izwi cyane kubera ahantu h'ubucukuzi bw'amateka bw'Abafurigiya (Phrygians) n'Abahiti (Hittites), amasoko y'amazi ashyushye avura indwara, ndetse n'ibiryo byayo bizwi cyane by'utubuto tw'ibishyimbo bikaranze (leblebi), bikundwa mu gihugu hose.Uyu mujyi ni umwe mu mijyi ikomeye yo mu majyaruguru ya Anatoliya rwagati, kandi uzwi ku rwego mpuzamahanga kubera kuba wegereye Hattusa, umurwa mukuru w'Ubwami bwa kera bw'Abahiti ndetse n'Umurage w'Isi wa UNESCO. Nanone, Çorum izwi cyane nk'ahantu hakorerwa '''leblebi''', ibishyimbo bikaranze by'umwihariko byabaye kimwe mu bimenyetso nyamukuru biranga uyu mujyi. == Amateka == Hari ibimenyetso byinshi by’ubucukuzi bw’amateka bigaragaza ko abantu batuye mu gace ka Çorum kuva mu '''Igihe cy’Amabuye cya Kera (Paleolithic Age)'''. Aka gace karateye imbere cyane mu '''Igihe cy’Umuringa (Bronze Age)''', ubwo '''Ubwami bw’Abahiti (Hittite Empire)''' bwashingwaga hagati ya '''1650 na 1200 mbere ya Yezu Kristu (BCE)'''. Umurwa mukuru w’Abahiti, '''Hattusa''', wari muri aka karere kubera ko kari gafite uburinzi bwiza bw’urusobe rw’imisozi ndetse n’ubukungu bwari bushingiye ku rwego rwo hejuru rw’ubucuruzi bwari bushyigikiwe na gahunda ya '''Karum'''. === Ubutegetsi bwagiye busimburana muri Çorum === * '''Ubwami bw’Abahiti (Hittites):''' ahagana mu 1600–1200 BCE * '''Ubwami bwa Phrygia:''' ahagana mu 800–695 BCE * '''Ubwami bw’Achaemenid (Abaperesi):''' ahagana mu 547–333 BCE * '''Ubwami bwa Makedoniya:''' 333–323 BCE * '''Ubwami bwa Pontus:''' ahagana mu 281–63 BCE * '''Ubwami bw’Abaroma:''' 63 BCE–395 CE * '''Ubwami bwa Bizantine:''' 395–1071 * '''Ubwami bwa Seljuk:''' 1071–mu myaka ya 1080 * '''Ubwami bwa Danishmendid:''' ahagana mu 1080–1178 * '''Sultanate ya Rum:''' 1178–1243 * '''Ubwami bwa Ilkhanate:''' 1243–1335 * '''Ubwami bwa Eretna Beylik:''' 1335–1381 * '''Ubwami bwa Ottoman:''' 1398–1922 * '''Repubulika ya Turukiya:''' 1923–kugeza ubu Hari igitekerezo cy’abashakashatsi kivuga ko umujyi wa '''Euchaneia''' wo mu gihe cy’Ubwami bwa Bizantine ushobora kuba wari uherereye aho umujyi wa Çorum uri ubu cyangwa hafi yaho. Icyakora, abandi bashakashatsi bavuga ko Euchaneia yari iherereye kure gato mu burasirazuba, hafi ya '''Euchaita'''. Mu nyandiko z’Ikigereki cya kera n’iza Bizantine, Çorum yitwaga '''Niconia (Νικόνεια)''' cyangwa '''Nikonya''' mu Kilatini. Inyandiko zo mu gihe cyo Hagati (Medieval period) nazo zita Çorum '''Yankoniya (Yankoniyye)''', mu gihe ibitabo by’amateka byanditswe nyuma bikoresha amazina '''Niconia''' cyangwa '''Nikonya'''. Ibi byose byerekana ko ayo mazina ashobora kuba yarerekezaga ku mudugudu umwe wabayeho mbere y’ubutegetsi bwa Ottoman. Mu '''Nzu Ndangamurage y’Arikiyoloji ya Çorum (Çorum Archaeological Museum)''' habikwa ibisigazwa byinshi by’amateka, birimo: * Igice cy’inkono (pottery) yo mu gihe cy’Abafurigiya (Phrygians). * Igice cy’igiseke cyitwa '''Hüseyindede vase''' cyo mu gihe cya mbere cy’Abahiti. * '''Ikimenyetso cy’izuba (Sun Disk)''' cyakozwe hagati ya '''2400–2200 BCE''' mu gihe cya Early Bronze Age, cyavumbuwe muri '''Alaca Höyük''', ubu kikaba kibitswe mu '''Nzu Ndangamurage ya Eskişehir'''. Amateka y’umujyi wa Çorum nk’uko uzwi ubu atangira gusa mu kinyejana cya '''16'''. Inkomoko y’izina '''Çorum''' ntiramenyekana neza. Ryagaragaye bwa mbere mu nyandiko z’Ubwami bwa Ottoman rivuga ku gihome cya Seljuk cyitwaga '''Çorum Kalesi''', nk’uko cyasobanuwe n’umunyamateka n’umugenzi '''Evliya Çelebi'''. Mu kinyejana cya 16 rwagati, icyo gihome cyari kigabanyijemo uturere tune twitwaga '''mahalle''' (uduce tw’umujyi). Kuva mu '''1867 kugeza mu 1922''', Çorum yari imwe mu mijyi yari igize '''Intara ya Angora (Ankara Vilayet)''' y’Ubwami bwa Ottoman. == Abaturage == Çorum ni umurwa mukuru w’Intara ya Çorum kandi ni na wo muyobozi w’imirimo y’ubuyobozi muri iyo ntara. Mu ntangiriro z’umwaka wa 2020, umujyi wari utuwe n’abaturage barenga '''260,000'''. Intara yose ya Çorum ifite abaturage benshi kurushaho, batuye mu turere tw’icyaro no mu mijyi mito iyigize. Uyu mujyi wakomeje kwiyongera mu mubare w’abaturage bitewe ahanini n’abimukira bava mu cyaro bajya mu mujyi gushaka imibereho myiza. Abenshi baturuka mu turere duhingwamo imyaka dukikije Çorum. Nk’indi mijyi myinshi yo muri Anatoliya rwagati, imiterere y’abaturage ba Çorum yagiye ihinduka bitewe n’iyimukire yo mu gihugu imbere ndetse n’amahirwe y’akazi aboneka mu nganda no mu rwego rwa serivisi. Mu myaka yashize, umubare w’abaturage b’umujyi wakomeje kwiyongera ku buryo bugaragara. Mu mwaka wa '''1970''', Çorum yari ifite abaturage '''57,576'''. Mu '''1980''', bari bageze kuri '''75,726''', mu '''1985''' bagera kuri '''96,725''', naho mu '''1990''' baba '''116,810'''. Mu mwaka wa '''2000''', abaturage bari bamaze kugera kuri '''161,321''', mu '''2009''' baba '''206,600''', naho mu '''2017''' umujyi ugera ku baturage '''227,863'''.Iri zamuka ry’abaturage rigaragaza iterambere ry’umujyi, ryatewe ahanini no kwimukira kw’abaturage bava mu cyaro baza gushaka akazi, uburezi, serivisi zitandukanye, n’ubuzima bwiza. == Ubukungu == Mu mateka, ubukungu bw’umujyi wa Çorum bwari bushingiye ahanini ku bucuruzi n’imirimo gakondo, nko gukora ibikoresho by’umuringa (coppersmithing), gutunganya uruhu (tanning), kuboha imyenda mu buryo bwa gakondo, ubuhinzi, ndetse n’ubworozi. Nubwo wari umujyi ufite umusaruro muto ugereranyije n’indi mijyi minini, wakomeje kugira ibikorwa by’ubukungu byibanze ku buzima bwa buri munsi bw’abaturage.Mu myaka igera kuri makumyabiri ishize, Çorum yagiye igaragaza '''iterambere rikomeye mu nganda''' no mu bijyanye n’ubwubatsi bw’imashini zoroshye (light engineering). Ibi byatumye ugera ku rwego rwo kuba umwe mu mijyi ifite inganda zateye imbere ugereranyije n’umubare w’abaturage bayo.Kera, umujyi wari ufite inganda zigera kuri '''20''' zikora amategura n’amatafari (tiles and bricks), ndetse n’inganda zigera kuri '''10''' zisya ifu n’ibiryo by’amatungo. Ubu ariko, umusaruro wawo wagutse cyane, aho ukora ibicuruzwa bitandukanye birimo '''sima''', '''ibice by’imodoka''', '''isukari itunganijwe''', '''ibikomoka ku mata''', '''imyenda''', ndetse n’ibikoresho bya '''mudasobwa'''.Mu bihe bya vuba, n’ubworozi bw’inkoko nabwo bwabaye kimwe mu bice bigenda bitera imbere mu bukungu bw’uyu mujyi, bufasha mu kongera umusaruro w’ibiribwa n’iterambere ry’inganda zifitanye isano n’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi. == Uburezi == Uburezi bwo ku rwego rwa kaminuza muri Çorum butangwa ahanini na '''Hitit University''', kaminuza ya leta yashinzwe mu mwaka wa '''2006'''. Iyi kaminuza itanga amasomo atandukanye mu mashami arimo ubumenyi bw’ubwubatsi n’ubuhanga (engineering), ubuvuzi, ubumenyi bw’imibereho, ndetse n’amategeko n’iyobokamana (theology). Ishyirwaho ry’iyi kaminuza ryagize uruhare rukomeye mu guteza imbere '''uburezi n’umuco''' w’umujyi wa Çorum, rikanagira ingaruka nziza ku iterambere rusange ryawo. == Ubukerarugendo == [[Dosiye:YAZILIKAYA, Hattusha, Boğazköy, Çorum, Turkey 03.jpg|thumb]] Ubukerarugendo muri Çorum bushingiye cyane ku murage w’amateka n’ubucukuzi bw’ibisigazwa bya kera (archaeology). Uyu mujyi ni irembo rikuru rigana ahantu h’ingenzi cyane ho mu bihe by’Amabuye y’Umuringa n’Ubwami bw’Abahiti, harimo '''Hattusa''', umurwa mukuru wa kera w’Ubwami bw’Abahiti kandi uri ku rutonde rwa '''UNESCO World Heritage Site''', ndetse na '''Alacahöyük''', rumwe mu hantu h’ingenzi cyane h’ubucukuzi bw’amateka muri Anatoliya. Mu mujyi wa Çorum ubwawo, '''Nzu Ndangamurage ya Çorum (Çorum Museum)''' ni kimwe mu bikurura ba mukerarugendo bikomeye. Ibitse ibihangano byinshi n’ibisigazwa by’amateka byo mu bihe bitandukanye birimo iby’Abahiti, Abafurigiya, Abaroma, Abanyabizantine, Abaseljuki n’Abottoman. Harimo kandi ibihangano byavumbuwe i Hattusa, Alacahöyük na Şapinuva. Ubukerarugendo bw’umuco nabwo bufashwa n’insengero za kera z’uyu mujyi, inyubako gakondo z’amateka, n’inzu ndangamurage zitandukanye. Byongeye kandi, Çorum izwi nk’imwe mu mijyi ikomeye muri Turukiya mu bushakashatsi n’ubumenyi ku mateka y’Abahiti, bikayongerera agaciro mu rwego mpuzamahanga. == Igihome cya Çorum (Çorum Castle / Çorum Kalesi) == [[Dosiye:Gerdek Rock Tomb front detail, Hellenistic period, 2nd century BC, district of Çorum, Turkey.jpg|thumb]] '''Çorum Castle''', izwi kandi ku izina rya '''Çorum Kalesi''', ni igihome cy’amateka giherereye ku musozi w’amabuye ureba neza ikigo cy’umujyi wa Çorum.Nubwo itariki nyayo cyubatsweho itazwi neza, abashakashatsi benshi bemeza ko cyubatswe bwa mbere mu gihe '''cy’Ubwami bwa Bizantine''', hanyuma kigasubirwamo kandi kigatunganywa mu bihe by’Ubwami bwa '''Seljuk''' ndetse n’Ubwami bwa '''Ottoman'''.Mu mateka yacyo, iki gihome cyakoreshwaga nk’ahantu h’ingabo ho kurinda umujyi no kugenzura inzira z’ubucuruzi n’ingendo zinyuraga muri ako karere, ndetse no kurinda abaturage b’aho hantu.Kugeza n’ubu, haracyari ibisigazwa by’inkuta zacyo n’imirongo y’ibyumba by’ingabo (towers). Iki gihome kandi ni kimwe mu bice bikurura ba mukerarugendo, kuko gitanga n’amaso meza areba umujyi wa Çorum ndetse n’icyaro kiyikikije. == Umuco == Umujyi wa '''Çorum''' ufite umurage ukungahaye w’umuco, wubakiye ku mateka maremare yawo nk’ahantu hatuwe n’umuhererekane w’imico n’imbaga zitandukanye zirimo '''Abahiti (Hittites)''', '''Ababyzantine''', '''Abaselijuki (Seljuks)''' n’'''Abottomani (Ottomans)'''. Buri myaka itatu, uyu mujyi wakira '''Inama Mpuzamahanga ku Bahiti (International Hittite Congress)''', igaragaza uruhare rukomeye Çorum ifite mu bushakashatsi ku mateka n’ubucukumbuzi bw’ibyataburuwe mu butaka.Imigenzo gakondo yo muri Anatoliya iracyagaragara mu mibereho y’abaturage, cyane cyane mu muziki, ubukorikori ndetse no mu bikorwa byo guhurira hamwe nk’umuryango. Indirimbo gakondo n’umuco wo gutanga inkuru z’ihererekanywa mu magambo biracyafite umwanya ukomeye, cyane cyane mu bice by’icyaro bikikije uyu mujyi.Gutunganya no gukora '''leblebi''' (ibinyomoro bya poishe bikaranze) ni kimwe mu biranga umuco n’ubukungu bwa Çorum. Uyu muco umaze ibinyejana byinshi ukorwa muri uyu mujyi, kandi '''leblebi''' yabaye ikimenyetso kizwi kiranga Çorum. Kugeza n’ubu, hari inganda n’abacuruzi benshi bakomeza kuyitunganya no kuyohereza ku masoko yo muri Turukiya ndetse no mu bindi bihugu. === Inzu Ndangamurage ya Çorum === '''Inzu Ndangamurage ya Çorum''' ni yo rwego nyamukuru rushinzwe kubungabunga no kwerekana ibimenyetso by’amateka byakomotse mu bihe by’'''Abahiti (Hittites)''', '''Abafurigiya (Phrygians)''', '''Abaroma''', n’'''Ababyzantine'''. Mu byo ibitse harimo ibikoresho bikozwe mu ibumba, ibyuma, amafaranga ya kera (ibiceri), n’ibindi byavumbuwe mu bucukumbuzi bwakorewe mu karere, cyane cyane muri '''Alacahöyük''' na '''Boğazköy-Hattusa'''.Iyi nzu ndangamurage kandi ifite igice cyerekana imibereho n’umuco w’abaturage bo mu cyaro cyo muri ako karere. Aho hagaragaramo ibikoresho gakondo byakoreshwaga mu buzima bwa buri munsi, hamwe n’ingero z’ubukorikori bw’iwabo, bifasha gusobanukirwa amateka n’imibereho y’abaturage ba Çorum n’akarere kayo. == Ubwikorezi == ==== Sitasiyo y’Ibisi (Bus Terminal) ==== Çorum iherereye ku muhanda ukomeye uhuza '''Anatoliya yo Hagati (Central Anatolia)''' n’akarere k’inyanja y’'''Inyanja Yirabura (Black Sea region)'''. Uyu mujyi uhuza n’imijyi ikomeye nka '''Ankara''' binyuze mu mihanda migari yo mu gihugu, bikawugira ihuriro rikomeye ry’ubwikorezi bwo mu gihugu imbere.Ubwikorezi bwo mu muhanda ni bwo bukoreshwa cyane mu kugera muri uyu mujyi, kandi uhuza n’imihanda y’igihugu ihuza imbere mu gihugu cya Turukiya n’intara zo mu majyaruguru zegereye inyanja. Imishinga yo guteza imbere ibikorwa remezo harimo n’igenamigambi ryo guhuza Çorum n’imiyoboro ya gari ya moshi ndetse na gari ya moshi yihuta (high-speed rail).Hari inzira nyinshi zo kugera muri Çorum mu muhanda. Urugendo ruva mu murwa mukuru '''Ankara''' rukorwa unyuze ku muhanda '''E88'''. Hateganyijwe kandi ahantu ho guhagarara gari ya moshi yihuta izahuza '''Ankara–Samsun''', ikanyura no muri Çorum, mu mushinga wa '''TCDD (Turkish State Railways)'''. == Ubucukumbuzi bw’Amateka (Archaeology) == Akarere ka '''Çorum''' ni kamwe mu turere two muri Turukiya dufite akamaro kanini mu bucukumbuzi bw’amateka, kuko hari ibimenyetso by’uko abantu batuye muri ako gace kuva mu bihe bya kera cyane bya '''Paleolithic''' na '''Chalcolithic'''. Aka karere kandi kageze ku rwego rukomeye mu mateka y’Isi mu gihe cy’'''Icyuma cya Bronze (Bronze Age)''', aho kari mu murwa mukuru w’umuco w’'''Abahiti (Hittite civilization)'''.Ahantu hatari kure nka '''Hattusa''', wari umurwa mukuru w’Ubwami bw’Abahiti, ndetse na '''Yazılıkaya''', ahabaga ibikorwa by’idini, byombi biri ku rutonde rwa '''UNESCO World Heritage Sites''' mu Ntara ya Çorum. Izindi site zikomeye z’ubucukumbuzi zirimo '''Alacahöyük''' na '''Sapinuwa''', zigaragaza uko habayeho ubuzima buhoraho n’imiyoborere mu Anatoliya ya kera.Kubera kwegera ahantu hakomeye nk’'''Hattusa''' na '''Alacahöyük''', Çorum yabaye imwe mu bigo bikomeye bya Turukiya mu bushakashatsi ku mateka y’Abahiti n’ubucukumbuzi. '''Inzu Ndangamurage ya Çorum''' ibitse ibihangano byinshi by’amateka byaturutse mu bihe by’Abahiti, Abafurigiya (Phrygians), Abaroma, Ababyzantine, Abaselijuki (Seljuks) n’Abottomani (Ottomans).Nyuma y’Ubwami bw’Abahiti, aka karere kagiye kagira ingaruka z’ubutegetsi bw’Abafurigiya, Abaperisi, Abaroma, Ababyzantine, hanyuma n’ibihugu by’Abanyaturukiya, bituma habeho uruhurirane rukomeye rw’amateka n’ubucukumbuzi butandukanye. == Ibidukikije n’Imiterere y’aho iherereye (Geography) == Çorum iherereye ku nkombe yo mu majyaruguru y’'''Ikarita Ndende ya Anatoliya yo Hagati (Central Anatolian Plateau)'''. Uyu mujyi uri ku kibaya gikikijwe n’imisozi hirya no hino.Ishami rya '''Merzifon''' rya '''ikibari cy’imitingito cya Anatoliya y’Amajyaruguru (North Anatolian Fault)''' rinyura hafi, ku ntera ya kilometero nka 25 (ibilometero 16) mu majyaruguru ya Çorum. Umurongo nyamukuru w’icyo kibari cy’imitingito nawo uherereye ku ntera ya kilometero nka 60 (ibilometero 37) mu majyaruguru y’uyu mujyi. == Ikirere (Climate) == Çorum ifite ikirere cy’ubwoko bwa '''continental gishyushye mu mpeshyi''' (ukurikije classification ya Köppen: '''Dfb''', cyangwa Trewartha: '''Dcb'''), aho haba impeshyi ishyushye kandi yumutse, n’itumba rikonje cyane kandi riherekejwe n’urubura. Ibihe by’'''impeshyi''' birangwa n’izuba n’ubushyuhe, mu gihe '''itumba''' rirangwa n’ubukonje bukabije n’urubura. Ibihe by’'''impeshyi yoroheje (spring)''' n’'''izuba ry’umwaka risoza (autumn)''' byo birangwa n’imvura yoroheje n’ubushyuhe butari bwinshi. * Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwigeze kwandikwa: '''42.6 °C''' (108.7 °F) ku wa 30 Nyakanga 2000. * Ubushyuhe bwo hasi bwigeze kwandikwa: '''−27.2 °C''' (−17.0 °F) ku wa 23 Gashyantare 1985. == Abantu Bazwi bakomoka i Çorum (Notable People of Çorum) == * '''İskilipli Mehmed Atıf Hoca''' – Umunyamadini wa Islamu uzwi cyane mu mateka ya Turukiya. * '''Süleyman Özmen''' – Umunyeshuri uzwi mu rugendo rw’abanenga ubutegetsi (Idealist student). * '''Elif Çakır''' – Umunyamakuru (journalist). * '''Nihat Nikerel''' – Umukinnyi wa filime (actor). * '''Âşık Gülabi''' – Umusizi n’umuririmbyi w’indirimbo gakondo (folk poet). * '''Mahmut Atalay''' – Umukinnyi w’umukino wo kurwana (wrestler), uzwi cyane mu mateka ya siporo ya Turukiya. == Abayobozi b’Umujyi wa Çorum (Mayors of Çorum Province) == * '''1973–1984 & 1989–1994''': Turhan Kılıççıoğlu (CHP, SHP) * '''1984–1989''': Necdet Diken (ANAP) * '''1994–2002''': Arif Ersoy (Refah Party, Fazilet Partisi, AK Party) * '''2002–2003''': Ömer Abuhanoğlu (AK Party) * '''2003–2009''': Turan Atlamaz (AK Party) * '''2009–2018''': Muzaffer Külcü (AK Party) * '''2018–2019''': Zeki Gül (AK Party) * '''2019–ubu''': Halil İbrahim Aşgın (AK Party) === Reba nanone (See also) === * '''Anatolian Tigers''' – Ijambo rikoreshwa mu kuvuga imijyi n’intara zo muri Anatoliya zateye imbere mu bukungu n’inganda mu buryo bwihuse. * '''Amasya''' – Umujyi wo muri Turukiya uzwiho amateka akomeye n’umuco gakondo, uri hafi ya Çorum. * '''Chickpea noghl''' – Ibiryo biryohereye bikozwe mu binyomoro (chickpeas), bikunda gukoreshwa nk’ifunguro ryo kurya cyangwa desert mu bice bimwe bya Turukiya na Iran. * '''Leblebi''' – Ibinomoro byokeje (roasted chickpeas), ibiryo gakondo bizwi cyane cyane mu mujyi wa Çorum kandi bikaba kimwe mu biranga umuco n’ubukungu bwawo. == Amashakiro == # [https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/medas/?kn=95&locale=en biruni.tuik.gov.tr/medas/?kn=95&locale=en] # https://www.e-icisleri.gov.tr/Anasayfa/MulkiIdariBolumleri.aspx # [https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/377 Hattusha: the Hittite Capital - UNESCO World Heritage Centre] # https://nisanyanyeradlari.com/?y=&lv=&t=%C3%A7orum&cry=TR&ua=10 # [https://www.tuik.gov.tr/ Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu (TÜİK)] # https://corum.goturkiye.com/see # https://www.britannica.com/place/Corum # https://www.allaboutturkey.com/corum.html [[Category:Imijyi ya Turukiya]] gv31e1279is9pqtazuzxk4kbes525se 133261 133258 2026-06-26T15:06:04Z B.Scalling 15089 133261 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Çorum Turkey Provinces locator.gif|thumb|250px|<span style="color:grey;">Ikarita y’umujyi wa Çorum</span>]]{{Databox|excludeProperties=Q206900}} '''Çorum''' Çorum (Cho-rum) ni umujyi uherereye mu majyaruguru ya Anatoliya muri Turukiya. Uherereye imbere mu gihugu, mu gice cyo hagati cy'akarere ka Black Sea (Inyanja Yirabura), ukaba uri ku ntera ya kilometero 244 uvuye i Ankara na kilometero 608 uvuye i Istanbul. Ni wo murwa mukuru w'Intara ya Çorum ndetse n'Akarere ka Çorum. Mu mwaka wa 2022, wari utuwe n'abaturage 269,595. Uherereye ku butumburuke bwa metero 801 hejuru y'inyanja.Çorum izwi cyane kubera ahantu h'ubucukuzi bw'amateka bw'Abafurigiya (Phrygians) n'Abahiti (Hittites), amasoko y'amazi ashyushye avura indwara, ndetse n'ibiryo byayo bizwi cyane by'utubuto tw'ibishyimbo bikaranze (leblebi), bikundwa mu gihugu hose.Uyu mujyi ni umwe mu mijyi ikomeye yo mu majyaruguru ya Anatoliya rwagati, kandi uzwi ku rwego mpuzamahanga kubera kuba wegereye Hattusa, umurwa mukuru w'Ubwami bwa kera bw'Abahiti ndetse n'Umurage w'Isi wa UNESCO. Nanone, Çorum izwi cyane nk'ahantu hakorerwa '''leblebi''', ibishyimbo bikaranze by'umwihariko byabaye kimwe mu bimenyetso nyamukuru biranga uyu mujyi. == Amateka == Hari ibimenyetso byinshi by’ubucukuzi bw’amateka bigaragaza ko abantu batuye mu gace ka Çorum kuva mu '''Igihe cy’Amabuye cya Kera (Paleolithic Age)'''. Aka gace karateye imbere cyane mu '''Igihe cy’Umuringa (Bronze Age)''', ubwo '''Ubwami bw’Abahiti (Hittite Empire)''' bwashingwaga hagati ya '''1650 na 1200 mbere ya Yezu Kristu (BCE)'''. Umurwa mukuru w’Abahiti, '''Hattusa''', wari muri aka karere kubera ko kari gafite uburinzi bwiza bw’urusobe rw’imisozi ndetse n’ubukungu bwari bushingiye ku rwego rwo hejuru rw’ubucuruzi bwari bushyigikiwe na gahunda ya '''Karum'''. === Ubutegetsi bwagiye busimburana muri Çorum === * '''Ubwami bw’Abahiti (Hittites):''' ahagana mu 1600–1200 BCE * '''Ubwami bwa Phrygia:''' ahagana mu 800–695 BCE * '''Ubwami bw’Achaemenid (Abaperesi):''' ahagana mu 547–333 BCE * '''Ubwami bwa Makedoniya:''' 333–323 BCE * '''Ubwami bwa Pontus:''' ahagana mu 281–63 BCE * '''Ubwami bw’Abaroma:''' 63 BCE–395 CE * '''Ubwami bwa Bizantine:''' 395–1071 * '''Ubwami bwa Seljuk:''' 1071–mu myaka ya 1080 * '''Ubwami bwa Danishmendid:''' ahagana mu 1080–1178 * '''Sultanate ya Rum:''' 1178–1243 * '''Ubwami bwa Ilkhanate:''' 1243–1335 * '''Ubwami bwa Eretna Beylik:''' 1335–1381 * '''Ubwami bwa Ottoman:''' 1398–1922 * '''Repubulika ya Turukiya:''' 1923–kugeza ubu Hari igitekerezo cy’abashakashatsi kivuga ko umujyi wa '''Euchaneia''' wo mu gihe cy’Ubwami bwa Bizantine ushobora kuba wari uherereye aho umujyi wa Çorum uri ubu cyangwa hafi yaho. Icyakora, abandi bashakashatsi bavuga ko Euchaneia yari iherereye kure gato mu burasirazuba, hafi ya '''Euchaita'''. Mu nyandiko z’Ikigereki cya kera n’iza Bizantine, Çorum yitwaga '''Niconia (Νικόνεια)''' cyangwa '''Nikonya''' mu Kilatini. Inyandiko zo mu gihe cyo Hagati (Medieval period) nazo zita Çorum '''Yankoniya (Yankoniyye)''', mu gihe ibitabo by’amateka byanditswe nyuma bikoresha amazina '''Niconia''' cyangwa '''Nikonya'''. Ibi byose byerekana ko ayo mazina ashobora kuba yarerekezaga ku mudugudu umwe wabayeho mbere y’ubutegetsi bwa Ottoman. Mu '''Nzu Ndangamurage y’Arikiyoloji ya Çorum (Çorum Archaeological Museum)''' habikwa ibisigazwa byinshi by’amateka, birimo: * Igice cy’inkono (pottery) yo mu gihe cy’Abafurigiya (Phrygians). * Igice cy’igiseke cyitwa '''Hüseyindede vase''' cyo mu gihe cya mbere cy’Abahiti. * '''Ikimenyetso cy’izuba (Sun Disk)''' cyakozwe hagati ya '''2400–2200 BCE''' mu gihe cya Early Bronze Age, cyavumbuwe muri '''Alaca Höyük''', ubu kikaba kibitswe mu '''Nzu Ndangamurage ya Eskişehir'''. Amateka y’umujyi wa Çorum nk’uko uzwi ubu atangira gusa mu kinyejana cya '''16'''. Inkomoko y’izina '''Çorum''' ntiramenyekana neza. Ryagaragaye bwa mbere mu nyandiko z’Ubwami bwa Ottoman rivuga ku gihome cya Seljuk cyitwaga '''Çorum Kalesi''', nk’uko cyasobanuwe n’umunyamateka n’umugenzi '''Evliya Çelebi'''. Mu kinyejana cya 16 rwagati, icyo gihome cyari kigabanyijemo uturere tune twitwaga '''mahalle''' (uduce tw’umujyi). Kuva mu '''1867 kugeza mu 1922''', Çorum yari imwe mu mijyi yari igize '''Intara ya Angora (Ankara Vilayet)''' y’Ubwami bwa Ottoman. == Abaturage == Çorum ni umurwa mukuru w’Intara ya Çorum kandi ni na wo muyobozi w’imirimo y’ubuyobozi muri iyo ntara. Mu ntangiriro z’umwaka wa 2020, umujyi wari utuwe n’abaturage barenga '''260,000'''. Intara yose ya Çorum ifite abaturage benshi kurushaho, batuye mu turere tw’icyaro no mu mijyi mito iyigize. Uyu mujyi wakomeje kwiyongera mu mubare w’abaturage bitewe ahanini n’abimukira bava mu cyaro bajya mu mujyi gushaka imibereho myiza. Abenshi baturuka mu turere duhingwamo imyaka dukikije Çorum. Nk’indi mijyi myinshi yo muri Anatoliya rwagati, imiterere y’abaturage ba Çorum yagiye ihinduka bitewe n’iyimukire yo mu gihugu imbere ndetse n’amahirwe y’akazi aboneka mu nganda no mu rwego rwa serivisi. Mu myaka yashize, umubare w’abaturage b’umujyi wakomeje kwiyongera ku buryo bugaragara. Mu mwaka wa '''1970''', Çorum yari ifite abaturage '''57,576'''. Mu '''1980''', bari bageze kuri '''75,726''', mu '''1985''' bagera kuri '''96,725''', naho mu '''1990''' baba '''116,810'''. Mu mwaka wa '''2000''', abaturage bari bamaze kugera kuri '''161,321''', mu '''2009''' baba '''206,600''', naho mu '''2017''' umujyi ugera ku baturage '''227,863'''.Iri zamuka ry’abaturage rigaragaza iterambere ry’umujyi, ryatewe ahanini no kwimukira kw’abaturage bava mu cyaro baza gushaka akazi, uburezi, serivisi zitandukanye, n’ubuzima bwiza. == Ubukungu == Mu mateka, ubukungu bw’umujyi wa Çorum bwari bushingiye ahanini ku bucuruzi n’imirimo gakondo, nko gukora ibikoresho by’umuringa (coppersmithing), gutunganya uruhu (tanning), kuboha imyenda mu buryo bwa gakondo, ubuhinzi, ndetse n’ubworozi. Nubwo wari umujyi ufite umusaruro muto ugereranyije n’indi mijyi minini, wakomeje kugira ibikorwa by’ubukungu byibanze ku buzima bwa buri munsi bw’abaturage.Mu myaka igera kuri makumyabiri ishize, Çorum yagiye igaragaza '''iterambere rikomeye mu nganda''' no mu bijyanye n’ubwubatsi bw’imashini zoroshye (light engineering). Ibi byatumye ugera ku rwego rwo kuba umwe mu mijyi ifite inganda zateye imbere ugereranyije n’umubare w’abaturage bayo.Kera, umujyi wari ufite inganda zigera kuri '''20''' zikora amategura n’amatafari (tiles and bricks), ndetse n’inganda zigera kuri '''10''' zisya ifu n’ibiryo by’amatungo. Ubu ariko, umusaruro wawo wagutse cyane, aho ukora ibicuruzwa bitandukanye birimo '''sima''', '''ibice by’imodoka''', '''isukari itunganijwe''', '''ibikomoka ku mata''', '''imyenda''', ndetse n’ibikoresho bya '''mudasobwa'''.Mu bihe bya vuba, n’ubworozi bw’inkoko nabwo bwabaye kimwe mu bice bigenda bitera imbere mu bukungu bw’uyu mujyi, bufasha mu kongera umusaruro w’ibiribwa n’iterambere ry’inganda zifitanye isano n’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi. == Uburezi == Uburezi bwo ku rwego rwa kaminuza muri Çorum butangwa ahanini na '''Hitit University''', kaminuza ya leta yashinzwe mu mwaka wa '''2006'''. Iyi kaminuza itanga amasomo atandukanye mu mashami arimo ubumenyi bw’ubwubatsi n’ubuhanga (engineering), ubuvuzi, ubumenyi bw’imibereho, ndetse n’amategeko n’iyobokamana (theology). Ishyirwaho ry’iyi kaminuza ryagize uruhare rukomeye mu guteza imbere '''uburezi n’umuco''' w’umujyi wa Çorum, rikanagira ingaruka nziza ku iterambere rusange ryawo. == Ubukerarugendo == [[Dosiye:YAZILIKAYA, Hattusha, Boğazköy, Çorum, Turkey 03.jpg|thumb]] Ubukerarugendo muri Çorum bushingiye cyane ku murage w’amateka n’ubucukuzi bw’ibisigazwa bya kera (archaeology). Uyu mujyi ni irembo rikuru rigana ahantu h’ingenzi cyane ho mu bihe by’Amabuye y’Umuringa n’Ubwami bw’Abahiti, harimo '''Hattusa''', umurwa mukuru wa kera w’Ubwami bw’Abahiti kandi uri ku rutonde rwa '''UNESCO World Heritage Site''', ndetse na '''Alacahöyük''', rumwe mu hantu h’ingenzi cyane h’ubucukuzi bw’amateka muri Anatoliya. Mu mujyi wa Çorum ubwawo, '''Nzu Ndangamurage ya Çorum (Çorum Museum)''' ni kimwe mu bikurura ba mukerarugendo bikomeye. Ibitse ibihangano byinshi n’ibisigazwa by’amateka byo mu bihe bitandukanye birimo iby’Abahiti, Abafurigiya, Abaroma, Abanyabizantine, Abaseljuki n’Abottoman. Harimo kandi ibihangano byavumbuwe i Hattusa, Alacahöyük na Şapinuva. Ubukerarugendo bw’umuco nabwo bufashwa n’insengero za kera z’uyu mujyi, inyubako gakondo z’amateka, n’inzu ndangamurage zitandukanye. Byongeye kandi, Çorum izwi nk’imwe mu mijyi ikomeye muri Turukiya mu bushakashatsi n’ubumenyi ku mateka y’Abahiti, bikayongerera agaciro mu rwego mpuzamahanga. == Igihome cya Çorum (Çorum Castle / Çorum Kalesi) == [[Dosiye:Gerdek Rock Tomb front detail, Hellenistic period, 2nd century BC, district of Çorum, Turkey.jpg|thumb]] '''Çorum Castle''', izwi kandi ku izina rya '''Çorum Kalesi''', ni igihome cy’amateka giherereye ku musozi w’amabuye ureba neza ikigo cy’umujyi wa Çorum.Nubwo itariki nyayo cyubatsweho itazwi neza, abashakashatsi benshi bemeza ko cyubatswe bwa mbere mu gihe '''cy’Ubwami bwa Bizantine''', hanyuma kigasubirwamo kandi kigatunganywa mu bihe by’Ubwami bwa '''Seljuk''' ndetse n’Ubwami bwa '''Ottoman'''.Mu mateka yacyo, iki gihome cyakoreshwaga nk’ahantu h’ingabo ho kurinda umujyi no kugenzura inzira z’ubucuruzi n’ingendo zinyuraga muri ako karere, ndetse no kurinda abaturage b’aho hantu.Kugeza n’ubu, haracyari ibisigazwa by’inkuta zacyo n’imirongo y’ibyumba by’ingabo (towers). Iki gihome kandi ni kimwe mu bice bikurura ba mukerarugendo, kuko gitanga n’amaso meza areba umujyi wa Çorum ndetse n’icyaro kiyikikije. == Umuco == Umujyi wa '''Çorum''' ufite umurage ukungahaye w’umuco, wubakiye ku mateka maremare yawo nk’ahantu hatuwe n’umuhererekane w’imico n’imbaga zitandukanye zirimo '''Abahiti (Hittites)''', '''Ababyzantine''', '''Abaselijuki (Seljuks)''' n’'''Abottomani (Ottomans)'''. Buri myaka itatu, uyu mujyi wakira '''Inama Mpuzamahanga ku Bahiti (International Hittite Congress)''', igaragaza uruhare rukomeye Çorum ifite mu bushakashatsi ku mateka n’ubucukumbuzi bw’ibyataburuwe mu butaka.Imigenzo gakondo yo muri Anatoliya iracyagaragara mu mibereho y’abaturage, cyane cyane mu muziki, ubukorikori ndetse no mu bikorwa byo guhurira hamwe nk’umuryango. Indirimbo gakondo n’umuco wo gutanga inkuru z’ihererekanywa mu magambo biracyafite umwanya ukomeye, cyane cyane mu bice by’icyaro bikikije uyu mujyi.Gutunganya no gukora '''leblebi''' (ibinyomoro bya poishe bikaranze) ni kimwe mu biranga umuco n’ubukungu bwa Çorum. Uyu muco umaze ibinyejana byinshi ukorwa muri uyu mujyi, kandi '''leblebi''' yabaye ikimenyetso kizwi kiranga Çorum. Kugeza n’ubu, hari inganda n’abacuruzi benshi bakomeza kuyitunganya no kuyohereza ku masoko yo muri Turukiya ndetse no mu bindi bihugu. === Inzu Ndangamurage ya Çorum === '''Inzu Ndangamurage ya Çorum''' ni yo rwego nyamukuru rushinzwe kubungabunga no kwerekana ibimenyetso by’amateka byakomotse mu bihe by’'''Abahiti (Hittites)''', '''Abafurigiya (Phrygians)''', '''Abaroma''', n’'''Ababyzantine'''. Mu byo ibitse harimo ibikoresho bikozwe mu ibumba, ibyuma, amafaranga ya kera (ibiceri), n’ibindi byavumbuwe mu bucukumbuzi bwakorewe mu karere, cyane cyane muri '''Alacahöyük''' na '''Boğazköy-Hattusa'''.Iyi nzu ndangamurage kandi ifite igice cyerekana imibereho n’umuco w’abaturage bo mu cyaro cyo muri ako karere. Aho hagaragaramo ibikoresho gakondo byakoreshwaga mu buzima bwa buri munsi, hamwe n’ingero z’ubukorikori bw’iwabo, bifasha gusobanukirwa amateka n’imibereho y’abaturage ba Çorum n’akarere kayo. == Ubwikorezi == ==== Sitasiyo y’Ibisi (Bus Terminal) ==== Çorum iherereye ku muhanda ukomeye uhuza '''Anatoliya yo Hagati (Central Anatolia)''' n’akarere k’inyanja y’'''Inyanja Yirabura (Black Sea region)'''. Uyu mujyi uhuza n’imijyi ikomeye nka '''Ankara''' binyuze mu mihanda migari yo mu gihugu, bikawugira ihuriro rikomeye ry’ubwikorezi bwo mu gihugu imbere.Ubwikorezi bwo mu muhanda ni bwo bukoreshwa cyane mu kugera muri uyu mujyi, kandi uhuza n’imihanda y’igihugu ihuza imbere mu gihugu cya Turukiya n’intara zo mu majyaruguru zegereye inyanja. Imishinga yo guteza imbere ibikorwa remezo harimo n’igenamigambi ryo guhuza Çorum n’imiyoboro ya gari ya moshi ndetse na gari ya moshi yihuta (high-speed rail).Hari inzira nyinshi zo kugera muri Çorum mu muhanda. Urugendo ruva mu murwa mukuru '''Ankara''' rukorwa unyuze ku muhanda '''E88'''. Hateganyijwe kandi ahantu ho guhagarara gari ya moshi yihuta izahuza '''Ankara–Samsun''', ikanyura no muri Çorum, mu mushinga wa '''TCDD (Turkish State Railways)'''. == Ubucukumbuzi bw’Amateka (Archaeology) == Akarere ka '''Çorum''' ni kamwe mu turere two muri Turukiya dufite akamaro kanini mu bucukumbuzi bw’amateka, kuko hari ibimenyetso by’uko abantu batuye muri ako gace kuva mu bihe bya kera cyane bya '''Paleolithic''' na '''Chalcolithic'''. Aka karere kandi kageze ku rwego rukomeye mu mateka y’Isi mu gihe cy’'''Icyuma cya Bronze (Bronze Age)''', aho kari mu murwa mukuru w’umuco w’'''Abahiti (Hittite civilization)'''.Ahantu hatari kure nka '''Hattusa''', wari umurwa mukuru w’Ubwami bw’Abahiti, ndetse na '''Yazılıkaya''', ahabaga ibikorwa by’idini, byombi biri ku rutonde rwa '''UNESCO World Heritage Sites''' mu Ntara ya Çorum. Izindi site zikomeye z’ubucukumbuzi zirimo '''Alacahöyük''' na '''Sapinuwa''', zigaragaza uko habayeho ubuzima buhoraho n’imiyoborere mu Anatoliya ya kera.Kubera kwegera ahantu hakomeye nk’'''Hattusa''' na '''Alacahöyük''', Çorum yabaye imwe mu bigo bikomeye bya Turukiya mu bushakashatsi ku mateka y’Abahiti n’ubucukumbuzi. '''Inzu Ndangamurage ya Çorum''' ibitse ibihangano byinshi by’amateka byaturutse mu bihe by’Abahiti, Abafurigiya (Phrygians), Abaroma, Ababyzantine, Abaselijuki (Seljuks) n’Abottomani (Ottomans).Nyuma y’Ubwami bw’Abahiti, aka karere kagiye kagira ingaruka z’ubutegetsi bw’Abafurigiya, Abaperisi, Abaroma, Ababyzantine, hanyuma n’ibihugu by’Abanyaturukiya, bituma habeho uruhurirane rukomeye rw’amateka n’ubucukumbuzi butandukanye. == Ibidukikije n’Imiterere y’aho iherereye (Geography) == Çorum iherereye ku nkombe yo mu majyaruguru y’'''Ikarita Ndende ya Anatoliya yo Hagati (Central Anatolian Plateau)'''. Uyu mujyi uri ku kibaya gikikijwe n’imisozi hirya no hino.Ishami rya '''Merzifon''' rya '''ikibari cy’imitingito cya Anatoliya y’Amajyaruguru (North Anatolian Fault)''' rinyura hafi, ku ntera ya kilometero nka 25 (ibilometero 16) mu majyaruguru ya Çorum. Umurongo nyamukuru w’icyo kibari cy’imitingito nawo uherereye ku ntera ya kilometero nka 60 (ibilometero 37) mu majyaruguru y’uyu mujyi. == Ikirere (Climate) == Çorum ifite ikirere cy’ubwoko bwa '''continental gishyushye mu mpeshyi''' (ukurikije classification ya Köppen: '''Dfb''', cyangwa Trewartha: '''Dcb'''), aho haba impeshyi ishyushye kandi yumutse, n’itumba rikonje cyane kandi riherekejwe n’urubura. Ibihe by’'''impeshyi''' birangwa n’izuba n’ubushyuhe, mu gihe '''itumba''' rirangwa n’ubukonje bukabije n’urubura. Ibihe by’'''impeshyi yoroheje (spring)''' n’'''izuba ry’umwaka risoza (autumn)''' byo birangwa n’imvura yoroheje n’ubushyuhe butari bwinshi. * Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwigeze kwandikwa: '''42.6 °C''' (108.7 °F) ku wa 30 Nyakanga 2000. * Ubushyuhe bwo hasi bwigeze kwandikwa: '''−27.2 °C''' (−17.0 °F) ku wa 23 Gashyantare 1985. == Abantu Bazwi bakomoka i Çorum (Notable People of Çorum) == * '''İskilipli Mehmed Atıf Hoca''' – Umunyamadini wa Islamu uzwi cyane mu mateka ya Turukiya. * '''Süleyman Özmen''' – Umunyeshuri uzwi mu rugendo rw’abanenga ubutegetsi (Idealist student). * '''Elif Çakır''' – Umunyamakuru (journalist). * '''Nihat Nikerel''' – Umukinnyi wa filime (actor). * '''Âşık Gülabi''' – Umusizi n’umuririmbyi w’indirimbo gakondo (folk poet). * '''Mahmut Atalay''' – Umukinnyi w’umukino wo kurwana (wrestler), uzwi cyane mu mateka ya siporo ya Turukiya. == Abayobozi b’Umujyi wa Çorum (Mayors of Çorum Province) == * '''1973–1984 & 1989–1994''': Turhan Kılıççıoğlu (CHP, SHP) * '''1984–1989''': Necdet Diken (ANAP) * '''1994–2002''': Arif Ersoy (Refah Party, Fazilet Partisi, AK Party) * '''2002–2003''': Ömer Abuhanoğlu (AK Party) * '''2003–2009''': Turan Atlamaz (AK Party) * '''2009–2018''': Muzaffer Külcü (AK Party) * '''2018–2019''': Zeki Gül (AK Party) * '''2019–ubu''': Halil İbrahim Aşgın (AK Party) === Reba nanone (See also) === * '''Anatolian Tigers''' – Ijambo rikoreshwa mu kuvuga imijyi n’intara zo muri Anatoliya zateye imbere mu bukungu n’inganda mu buryo bwihuse. * '''Amasya''' – Umujyi wo muri Turukiya uzwiho amateka akomeye n’umuco gakondo, uri hafi ya Çorum. * '''Chickpea noghl''' – Ibiryo biryohereye bikozwe mu binyomoro (chickpeas), bikunda gukoreshwa nk’ifunguro ryo kurya cyangwa desert mu bice bimwe bya Turukiya na Iran. * '''Leblebi''' – Ibinomoro byokeje (roasted chickpeas), ibiryo gakondo bizwi cyane cyane mu mujyi wa Çorum kandi bikaba kimwe mu biranga umuco n’ubukungu bwawo. == Amashakiro == # [https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/medas/?kn=95&locale=en biruni.tuik.gov.tr/medas/?kn=95&locale=en] # https://www.e-icisleri.gov.tr/Anasayfa/MulkiIdariBolumleri.aspx # [https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/377 Hattusha: the Hittite Capital - UNESCO World Heritage Centre] # https://nisanyanyeradlari.com/?y=&lv=&t=%C3%A7orum&cry=TR&ua=10 # [https://www.tuik.gov.tr/ Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu (TÜİK)] # https://corum.goturkiye.com/see # https://www.britannica.com/place/Corum # https://www.allaboutturkey.com/corum.html [[Category:Imijyi ya Turukiya]] c37xf2674nq884anr086xoyq1t5znfc 133262 133261 2026-06-26T15:09:45Z B.Scalling 15089 133262 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Çorum Turkey Provinces locator.gif|thumb|250px|<span style="color:grey;">Ikarita y’umujyi wa Çorum</span>]]{{Databox|excludeProperties=Q206900}} '''Çorum''' Çorum (Cho-rum) ni umujyi uherereye mu majyaruguru ya Anatoliya muri [[Turukiya]]. Uherereye imbere mu gihugu, mu gice cyo hagati cy'akarere ka Black Sea (Inyanja Yirabura), ukaba uri ku ntera ya kilometero 244 uvuye i Ankara na kilometero 608 uvuye [[Istanbul|i Istanbul]]. Ni wo murwa mukuru w'Intara ya Çorum ndetse n'Akarere ka Çorum. Mu mwaka wa 2022, wari utuwe n'abaturage 269,595. Uherereye ku butumburuke bwa metero 801 hejuru y'inyanja.Çorum izwi cyane kubera ahantu h'ubucukuzi bw'amateka bw'Abafurigiya (Phrygians) n'Abahiti (Hittites), amasoko y'amazi ashyushye avura indwara, ndetse n'ibiryo byayo bizwi cyane by'utubuto tw'ibishyimbo bikaranze (leblebi), bikundwa mu gihugu hose.Uyu mujyi ni umwe mu mijyi ikomeye yo mu majyaruguru ya Anatoliya rwagati, kandi uzwi ku rwego mpuzamahanga kubera kuba wegereye Hattusa, umurwa mukuru w'[[Umwami|Ubwami]] bwa kera bw'Abahiti ndetse n'Umurage w'Isi wa UNESCO. Nanone, Çorum izwi cyane nk'ahantu hakorerwa '''leblebi''', ibishyimbo bikaranze by'umwihariko byabaye kimwe mu bimenyetso nyamukuru biranga uyu mujyi. == Amateka == Hari ibimenyetso byinshi by’ubucukumbuzi bw’amateka bigaragaza ko abantu batuye mu gace ka Çorum kuva mu '''Igihe cy’Amabuye cya Kera (Paleolithic Age)'''. Aka gace karateye imbere cyane mu '''Igihe cy’Umuringa (Bronze Age)''', ubwo '''Ubwami bw’Abahiti (Hittite Empire)''' bwashingwaga hagati ya '''1650 na 1200 mbere ya Yezu Kristu (BCE)'''. Umurwa mukuru w’Abahiti, '''Hattusa''', wari muri aka karere kubera ko kari gafite uburinzi bwiza bw’urusobe rw’imisozi ndetse n’ubukungu bwari bushingiye ku rwego rwo hejuru rw’ubucuruzi bwari bushyigikiwe na gahunda ya '''Karum'''. === Ubutegetsi bwagiye busimburana muri Çorum === * '''Ubwami bw’Abahiti (Hittites):''' ahagana mu 1600–1200 BCE * '''Ubwami bwa Phrygia:''' ahagana mu 800–695 BCE * '''Ubwami bw’Achaemenid (Abaperesi):''' ahagana mu 547–333 BCE * '''Ubwami bwa Makedoniya:''' 333–323 BCE * '''Ubwami bwa Pontus:''' ahagana mu 281–63 BCE * '''Ubwami bw’Abaroma:''' 63 BCE–395 CE * '''Ubwami bwa Bizantine:''' 395–1071 * '''Ubwami bwa Seljuk:''' 1071–mu myaka ya 1080 * '''Ubwami bwa Danishmendid:''' ahagana mu 1080–1178 * '''Sultanate ya Rum:''' 1178–1243 * '''Ubwami bwa Ilkhanate:''' 1243–1335 * '''Ubwami bwa Eretna Beylik:''' 1335–1381 * '''Ubwami bwa Ottoman:''' 1398–1922 * '''Repubulika ya Turukiya:''' 1923–kugeza ubu Hari igitekerezo cy’abashakashatsi kivuga ko umujyi wa '''Euchaneia''' wo mu gihe cy’Ubwami bwa Bizantine ushobora kuba wari uherereye aho umujyi wa Çorum uri ubu cyangwa hafi yaho. Icyakora, abandi bashakashatsi bavuga ko Euchaneia yari iherereye kure gato mu burasirazuba, hafi ya '''Euchaita'''. Mu nyandiko z’Ikigereki cya kera n’iza Bizantine, Çorum yitwaga '''Niconia (Νικόνεια)''' cyangwa '''Nikonya''' mu Kilatini. Inyandiko zo mu gihe cyo Hagati (Medieval period) nazo zita Çorum '''Yankoniya (Yankoniyye)''', mu gihe ibitabo by’amateka byanditswe nyuma bikoresha amazina '''Niconia''' cyangwa '''Nikonya'''. Ibi byose byerekana ko ayo mazina ashobora kuba yarerekezaga ku mudugudu umwe wabayeho mbere y’ubutegetsi bwa Ottoman. Mu '''Nzu Ndangamurage y’Arikiyoloji ya Çorum (Çorum Archaeological Museum)''' habikwa ibisigazwa byinshi by’amateka, birimo: * Igice cy’inkono (pottery) yo mu gihe cy’Abafurigiya (Phrygians). * Igice cy’igiseke cyitwa '''Hüseyindede vase''' cyo mu gihe cya mbere cy’Abahiti. * '''Ikimenyetso cy’izuba (Sun Disk)''' cyakozwe hagati ya '''2400–2200 BCE''' mu gihe cya Early Bronze Age, cyavumbuwe muri '''Alaca Höyük''', ubu kikaba kibitswe mu '''Nzu Ndangamurage ya Eskişehir'''. Amateka y’umujyi wa Çorum nk’uko uzwi ubu atangira gusa mu kinyejana cya '''16'''. Inkomoko y’izina '''Çorum''' ntiramenyekana neza. Ryagaragaye bwa mbere mu nyandiko z’Ubwami bwa Ottoman rivuga ku gihome cya Seljuk cyitwaga '''Çorum Kalesi''', nk’uko cyasobanuwe n’umunyamateka n’umugenzi '''Evliya Çelebi'''. Mu kinyejana cya 16 rwagati, icyo gihome cyari kigabanyijemo uturere tune twitwaga '''mahalle''' (uduce tw’umujyi). Kuva mu '''1867 kugeza mu 1922''', Çorum yari imwe mu mijyi yari igize '''Intara ya Angora (Ankara Vilayet)''' y’Ubwami bwa Ottoman. == Abaturage == Çorum ni umurwa mukuru w’Intara ya Çorum kandi ni na wo muyobozi w’imirimo y’ubuyobozi muri iyo ntara. Mu ntangiriro z’umwaka wa 2020, umujyi wari utuwe n’abaturage barenga '''260,000'''. Intara yose ya Çorum ifite abaturage benshi kurushaho, batuye mu turere tw’icyaro no mu mijyi mito iyigize. Uyu mujyi wakomeje kwiyongera mu mubare w’abaturage bitewe ahanini n’abimukira bava mu cyaro bajya mu mujyi gushaka imibereho myiza. Abenshi baturuka mu turere duhingwamo imyaka dukikije Çorum. Nk’indi mijyi myinshi yo muri Anatoliya rwagati, imiterere y’abaturage ba Çorum yagiye ihinduka bitewe n’iyimukire yo mu gihugu imbere ndetse n’amahirwe y’akazi aboneka mu nganda no mu rwego rwa serivisi. Mu myaka yashize, umubare w’abaturage b’umujyi wakomeje kwiyongera ku buryo bugaragara. Mu mwaka wa '''1970''', Çorum yari ifite abaturage '''57,576'''. Mu '''1980''', bari bageze kuri '''75,726''', mu '''1985''' bagera kuri '''96,725''', naho mu '''1990''' baba '''116,810'''. Mu mwaka wa '''2000''', abaturage bari bamaze kugera kuri '''161,321''', mu '''2009''' baba '''206,600''', naho mu '''2017''' umujyi ugera ku baturage '''227,863'''.Iri zamuka ry’abaturage rigaragaza iterambere ry’umujyi, ryatewe ahanini no kwimukira kw’abaturage bava mu cyaro baza gushaka akazi, uburezi, serivisi zitandukanye, n’ubuzima bwiza. == Ubukungu == Mu mateka, ubukungu bw’umujyi wa Çorum bwari bushingiye ahanini ku bucuruzi n’imirimo gakondo, nko gukora ibikoresho by’umuringa (coppersmithing), gutunganya uruhu (tanning), kuboha imyenda mu buryo bwa gakondo, ubuhinzi, ndetse n’ubworozi. Nubwo wari umujyi ufite umusaruro muto ugereranyije n’indi mijyi minini, wakomeje kugira ibikorwa by’ubukungu byibanze ku buzima bwa buri munsi bw’abaturage.Mu myaka igera kuri makumyabiri ishize, Çorum yagiye igaragaza '''iterambere rikomeye mu nganda''' no mu bijyanye n’ubwubatsi bw’imashini zoroshye (light engineering). Ibi byatumye ugera ku rwego rwo kuba umwe mu mijyi ifite inganda zateye imbere ugereranyije n’umubare w’abaturage bayo.Kera, umujyi wari ufite inganda zigera kuri '''20''' zikora amategura n’amatafari (tiles and bricks), ndetse n’inganda zigera kuri '''10''' zisya ifu n’ibiryo by’amatungo. Ubu ariko, umusaruro wawo wagutse cyane, aho ukora ibicuruzwa bitandukanye birimo '''sima''', '''ibice by’imodoka''', '''isukari itunganijwe''', '''ibikomoka ku mata''', '''imyenda''', ndetse n’ibikoresho bya '''mudasobwa'''.Mu bihe bya vuba, n’ubworozi bw’inkoko nabwo bwabaye kimwe mu bice bigenda bitera imbere mu bukungu bw’uyu mujyi, bufasha mu kongera umusaruro w’ibiribwa n’iterambere ry’inganda zifitanye isano n’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi. == Uburezi == Uburezi bwo ku rwego rwa kaminuza muri Çorum butangwa ahanini na '''Hitit University''', kaminuza ya leta yashinzwe mu mwaka wa '''2006'''. Iyi kaminuza itanga amasomo atandukanye mu mashami arimo ubumenyi bw’ubwubatsi n’ubuhanga (engineering), ubuvuzi, ubumenyi bw’imibereho, ndetse n’amategeko n’iyobokamana (theology). Ishyirwaho ry’iyi kaminuza ryagize uruhare rukomeye mu guteza imbere '''uburezi n’umuco''' w’umujyi wa Çorum, rikanagira ingaruka nziza ku iterambere rusange ryawo. == Ubukerarugendo == [[Dosiye:YAZILIKAYA, Hattusha, Boğazköy, Çorum, Turkey 03.jpg|thumb]] Ubukerarugendo muri Çorum bushingiye cyane ku murage w’amateka n’ubucukuzi bw’ibisigazwa bya kera (archaeology). Uyu mujyi ni irembo rikuru rigana ahantu h’ingenzi cyane ho mu bihe by’Amabuye y’Umuringa n’Ubwami bw’Abahiti, harimo '''Hattusa''', umurwa mukuru wa kera w’Ubwami bw’Abahiti kandi uri ku rutonde rwa '''UNESCO World Heritage Site''', ndetse na '''Alacahöyük''', rumwe mu hantu h’ingenzi cyane h’ubucukuzi bw’amateka muri Anatoliya. Mu mujyi wa Çorum ubwawo, '''Nzu Ndangamurage ya Çorum (Çorum Museum)''' ni kimwe mu bikurura ba mukerarugendo bikomeye. Ibitse ibihangano byinshi n’ibisigazwa by’amateka byo mu bihe bitandukanye birimo iby’Abahiti, Abafurigiya, Abaroma, Abanyabizantine, Abaseljuki n’Abottoman. Harimo kandi ibihangano byavumbuwe i Hattusa, Alacahöyük na Şapinuva. Ubukerarugendo bw’umuco nabwo bufashwa n’insengero za kera z’uyu mujyi, inyubako gakondo z’amateka, n’inzu ndangamurage zitandukanye. Byongeye kandi, Çorum izwi nk’imwe mu mijyi ikomeye muri Turukiya mu bushakashatsi n’ubumenyi ku mateka y’Abahiti, bikayongerera agaciro mu rwego mpuzamahanga. == Igihome cya Çorum (Çorum Castle / Çorum Kalesi) == [[Dosiye:Gerdek Rock Tomb front detail, Hellenistic period, 2nd century BC, district of Çorum, Turkey.jpg|thumb]] '''Çorum Castle''', izwi kandi ku izina rya '''Çorum Kalesi''', ni igihome cy’amateka giherereye ku musozi w’amabuye ureba neza ikigo cy’umujyi wa Çorum.Nubwo itariki nyayo cyubatsweho itazwi neza, abashakashatsi benshi bemeza ko cyubatswe bwa mbere mu gihe '''cy’Ubwami bwa Bizantine''', hanyuma kigasubirwamo kandi kigatunganywa mu bihe by’Ubwami bwa '''Seljuk''' ndetse n’Ubwami bwa '''Ottoman'''.Mu mateka yacyo, iki gihome cyakoreshwaga nk’ahantu h’ingabo ho kurinda umujyi no kugenzura inzira z’ubucuruzi n’ingendo zinyuraga muri ako karere, ndetse no kurinda abaturage b’aho hantu.Kugeza n’ubu, haracyari ibisigazwa by’inkuta zacyo n’imirongo y’ibyumba by’ingabo (towers). Iki gihome kandi ni kimwe mu bice bikurura ba mukerarugendo, kuko gitanga n’amaso meza areba umujyi wa Çorum ndetse n’icyaro kiyikikije. == Umuco == Umujyi wa '''Çorum''' ufite umurage ukungahaye w’umuco, wubakiye ku mateka maremare yawo nk’ahantu hatuwe n’umuhererekane w’imico n’imbaga zitandukanye zirimo '''Abahiti (Hittites)''', '''Ababyzantine''', '''Abaselijuki (Seljuks)''' n’'''Abottomani (Ottomans)'''. Buri myaka itatu, uyu mujyi wakira '''Inama Mpuzamahanga ku Bahiti (International Hittite Congress)''', igaragaza uruhare rukomeye Çorum ifite mu bushakashatsi ku mateka n’ubucukumbuzi bw’ibyataburuwe mu butaka.Imigenzo gakondo yo muri Anatoliya iracyagaragara mu mibereho y’abaturage, cyane cyane mu muziki, ubukorikori ndetse no mu bikorwa byo guhurira hamwe nk’umuryango. Indirimbo gakondo n’umuco wo gutanga inkuru z’ihererekanywa mu magambo biracyafite umwanya ukomeye, cyane cyane mu bice by’icyaro bikikije uyu mujyi.Gutunganya no gukora '''leblebi''' (ibinyomoro bya poishe bikaranze) ni kimwe mu biranga umuco n’ubukungu bwa Çorum. Uyu muco umaze ibinyejana byinshi ukorwa muri uyu mujyi, kandi '''leblebi''' yabaye ikimenyetso kizwi kiranga Çorum. Kugeza n’ubu, hari inganda n’abacuruzi benshi bakomeza kuyitunganya no kuyohereza ku masoko yo muri Turukiya ndetse no mu bindi bihugu. === Inzu Ndangamurage ya Çorum === '''Inzu Ndangamurage ya Çorum''' ni yo rwego nyamukuru rushinzwe kubungabunga no kwerekana ibimenyetso by’amateka byakomotse mu bihe by’'''Abahiti (Hittites)''', '''Abafurigiya (Phrygians)''', '''Abaroma''', n’'''Ababyzantine'''. Mu byo ibitse harimo ibikoresho bikozwe mu ibumba, ibyuma, amafaranga ya kera (ibiceri), n’ibindi byavumbuwe mu bucukumbuzi bwakorewe mu karere, cyane cyane muri '''Alacahöyük''' na '''Boğazköy-Hattusa'''.Iyi nzu ndangamurage kandi ifite igice cyerekana imibereho n’umuco w’abaturage bo mu cyaro cyo muri ako karere. Aho hagaragaramo ibikoresho gakondo byakoreshwaga mu buzima bwa buri munsi, hamwe n’ingero z’ubukorikori bw’iwabo, bifasha gusobanukirwa amateka n’imibereho y’abaturage ba Çorum n’akarere kayo. == Ubwikorezi == ==== Sitasiyo y’Ibisi (Bus Terminal) ==== Çorum iherereye ku muhanda ukomeye uhuza '''Anatoliya yo Hagati (Central Anatolia)''' n’akarere k’inyanja y’'''Inyanja Yirabura (Black Sea region)'''. Uyu mujyi uhuza n’imijyi ikomeye nka '''Ankara''' binyuze mu mihanda migari yo mu gihugu, bikawugira ihuriro rikomeye ry’ubwikorezi bwo mu gihugu imbere.Ubwikorezi bwo mu muhanda ni bwo bukoreshwa cyane mu kugera muri uyu mujyi, kandi uhuza n’imihanda y’igihugu ihuza imbere mu gihugu cya Turukiya n’intara zo mu majyaruguru zegereye inyanja. Imishinga yo guteza imbere ibikorwa remezo harimo n’igenamigambi ryo guhuza Çorum n’imiyoboro ya gari ya moshi ndetse na gari ya moshi yihuta (high-speed rail).Hari inzira nyinshi zo kugera muri Çorum mu muhanda. Urugendo ruva mu murwa mukuru '''Ankara''' rukorwa unyuze ku muhanda '''E88'''. Hateganyijwe kandi ahantu ho guhagarara gari ya moshi yihuta izahuza '''Ankara–Samsun''', ikanyura no muri Çorum, mu mushinga wa '''TCDD (Turkish State Railways)'''. == Ubucukumbuzi bw’Amateka (Archaeology) == Akarere ka '''Çorum''' ni kamwe mu turere two muri Turukiya dufite akamaro kanini mu bucukumbuzi bw’amateka, kuko hari ibimenyetso by’uko abantu batuye muri ako gace kuva mu bihe bya kera cyane bya '''Paleolithic''' na '''Chalcolithic'''. Aka karere kandi kageze ku rwego rukomeye mu mateka y’Isi mu gihe cy’'''Icyuma cya Bronze (Bronze Age)''', aho kari mu murwa mukuru w’umuco w’'''Abahiti (Hittite civilization)'''.Ahantu hatari kure nka '''Hattusa''', wari umurwa mukuru w’Ubwami bw’Abahiti, ndetse na '''Yazılıkaya''', ahabaga ibikorwa by’idini, byombi biri ku rutonde rwa '''UNESCO World Heritage Sites''' mu Ntara ya Çorum. Izindi site zikomeye z’ubucukumbuzi zirimo '''Alacahöyük''' na '''Sapinuwa''', zigaragaza uko habayeho ubuzima buhoraho n’imiyoborere mu Anatoliya ya kera.Kubera kwegera ahantu hakomeye nk’'''Hattusa''' na '''Alacahöyük''', Çorum yabaye imwe mu bigo bikomeye bya Turukiya mu bushakashatsi ku mateka y’Abahiti n’ubucukumbuzi. '''Inzu Ndangamurage ya Çorum''' ibitse ibihangano byinshi by’amateka byaturutse mu bihe by’Abahiti, Abafurigiya (Phrygians), Abaroma, Ababyzantine, Abaselijuki (Seljuks) n’Abottomani (Ottomans).Nyuma y’Ubwami bw’Abahiti, aka karere kagiye kagira ingaruka z’ubutegetsi bw’Abafurigiya, Abaperisi, Abaroma, Ababyzantine, hanyuma n’ibihugu by’Abanyaturukiya, bituma habeho uruhurirane rukomeye rw’amateka n’ubucukumbuzi butandukanye. == Ibidukikije n’Imiterere y’aho iherereye (Geography) == Çorum iherereye ku nkombe yo mu majyaruguru y’'''Ikarita Ndende ya Anatoliya yo Hagati (Central Anatolian Plateau)'''. Uyu mujyi uri ku kibaya gikikijwe n’imisozi hirya no hino.Ishami rya '''Merzifon''' rya '''ikibari cy’imitingito cya Anatoliya y’Amajyaruguru (North Anatolian Fault)''' rinyura hafi, ku ntera ya kilometero nka 25 (ibilometero 16) mu majyaruguru ya Çorum. Umurongo nyamukuru w’icyo kibari cy’imitingito nawo uherereye ku ntera ya kilometero nka 60 (ibilometero 37) mu majyaruguru y’uyu mujyi. == Ikirere (Climate) == Çorum ifite ikirere cy’ubwoko bwa '''continental gishyushye mu mpeshyi''' (ukurikije classification ya Köppen: '''Dfb''', cyangwa Trewartha: '''Dcb'''), aho haba impeshyi ishyushye kandi yumutse, n’itumba rikonje cyane kandi riherekejwe n’urubura. Ibihe by’'''impeshyi''' birangwa n’izuba n’ubushyuhe, mu gihe '''itumba''' rirangwa n’ubukonje bukabije n’urubura. Ibihe by’'''impeshyi yoroheje (spring)''' n’'''izuba ry’umwaka risoza (autumn)''' byo birangwa n’imvura yoroheje n’ubushyuhe butari bwinshi. * Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwigeze kwandikwa: '''42.6 °C''' (108.7 °F) ku wa 30 Nyakanga 2000. * Ubushyuhe bwo hasi bwigeze kwandikwa: '''−27.2 °C''' (−17.0 °F) ku wa 23 Gashyantare 1985. == Abantu Bazwi bakomoka i Çorum (Notable People of Çorum) == * '''İskilipli Mehmed Atıf Hoca''' – Umunyamadini wa Islamu uzwi cyane mu mateka ya Turukiya. * '''Süleyman Özmen''' – Umunyeshuri uzwi mu rugendo rw’abanenga ubutegetsi (Idealist student). * '''Elif Çakır''' – Umunyamakuru (journalist). * '''Nihat Nikerel''' – Umukinnyi wa filime (actor). * '''Âşık Gülabi''' – Umusizi n’umuririmbyi w’indirimbo gakondo (folk poet). * '''Mahmut Atalay''' – Umukinnyi w’umukino wo kurwana (wrestler), uzwi cyane mu mateka ya siporo ya Turukiya. == Abayobozi b’Umujyi wa Çorum (Mayors of Çorum Province) == * '''1973–1984 & 1989–1994''': Turhan Kılıççıoğlu (CHP, SHP) * '''1984–1989''': Necdet Diken (ANAP) * '''1994–2002''': Arif Ersoy (Refah Party, Fazilet Partisi, AK Party) * '''2002–2003''': Ömer Abuhanoğlu (AK Party) * '''2003–2009''': Turan Atlamaz (AK Party) * '''2009–2018''': Muzaffer Külcü (AK Party) * '''2018–2019''': Zeki Gül (AK Party) * '''2019–ubu''': Halil İbrahim Aşgın (AK Party) === Reba nanone (See also) === * '''Anatolian Tigers''' – Ijambo rikoreshwa mu kuvuga imijyi n’intara zo muri Anatoliya zateye imbere mu bukungu n’inganda mu buryo bwihuse. * '''Amasya''' – Umujyi wo muri Turukiya uzwiho amateka akomeye n’umuco gakondo, uri hafi ya Çorum. * '''Chickpea noghl''' – Ibiryo biryohereye bikozwe mu binyomoro (chickpeas), bikunda gukoreshwa nk’ifunguro ryo kurya cyangwa desert mu bice bimwe bya Turukiya na Iran. * '''Leblebi''' – Ibinomoro byokeje (roasted chickpeas), ibiryo gakondo bizwi cyane cyane mu mujyi wa Çorum kandi bikaba kimwe mu biranga umuco n’ubukungu bwawo. == Amashakiro == # [https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/medas/?kn=95&locale=en biruni.tuik.gov.tr/medas/?kn=95&locale=en] # https://www.e-icisleri.gov.tr/Anasayfa/MulkiIdariBolumleri.aspx # [https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/377 Hattusha: the Hittite Capital - UNESCO World Heritage Centre] # https://nisanyanyeradlari.com/?y=&lv=&t=%C3%A7orum&cry=TR&ua=10 # [https://www.tuik.gov.tr/ Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu (TÜİK)] # https://corum.goturkiye.com/see # https://www.britannica.com/place/Corum # https://www.allaboutturkey.com/corum.html [[Category:Imijyi ya Turukiya]] agccren7ggpod1qyrdwbvbxgjpa5ztz 0 8684 133271 129593 2026-06-26T18:45:23Z Igiraneza Divine 15375 Impinduka 133271 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Musical Artist | background = }} '''Dushime Burabyo Yvan''' wari uzwi nka '''Yvan Buravan''' yari umwanditsi w'indirimbo n'umuririmbyi w'[[umunyarwanda]]. == AMATEKA == === Ubuzima bwe n'amashuri yize === Yvan Buravan yavutse taliki ya 27 Mata 1995, avukira i Nyakabanda, Kicukiro. Yitabye Imana ku wa 17 Kanama 2022 azize [[kanseri]]. Yaguye mu gihugu cy'u [[Ubuhinde|Buhinde]] aho yari yagiye kwivuriza. Se yitwa Burabyo Michael na nyina akitwa Uwikunda Elizabeth. Ni umwana wa gatandatu (bucura) mu muryango w’abana batandatu. Amashuri abanza yayigiye I [[Gikondo]] ku kigo cyitwa Le Petit Prince, ayisumbuye yayatangiriye muri Collège Amis des Enfants ayasoreza La Colombière.<ref group="ecole la colombière">ecole la colombier</ref>, Kaminuza yayize muri [[kaminuza y'u Rwanda]] CBE mu bijyanye n'ubucuruzi, itumanaho n'ikoranabuhanga. [[Dosiye:Manzor_à_la_fête_de_la_musique_2021_à_Cotonou_au_Bénin_12.jpg|thumb|Yvan Buravan ni umwe mu banyamuziki bari bazwi mu Rwanda mu indirimbo zitandukanye]] === URUGENDO RWE MU MUZIKI === Yvan Buravan yatangiye kuririmba muri 2009 aho yitabiriye amarushanwa ya Rwandatel<ref>[[Rwanda]]</ref> , aho yegukanye umwanya wa kabiri mu bantu magana arindwi bahatanaga, agahabwa amafaranga y’amanyarwanda angana na miriyoni imwe n'igice. Muri 2012, Buravan yitabiriye amarushanwa ya Talentum, aza mu ba mbere bahembwe ko ari abahanga mu kuririmba, iki akaba ari na kimwe mu bintu byamuhinduye imitekerereze umuziki atangira kuwubona mu yindi nguni kandi ngari. Ni urugendo yakomeje ubutaruhuka, abo mu muryango we, ku ishuri n’ inshuti ze batangira kumufata nk'umuririmbyi nawe atangira kubikora nk'umwuga ndetse no kubikunda birushijeho. Buravan ku myaka 20 nibwo yemeje ko umuziki we ubaye umwuga ndetse mu ntangiriro za 2016 nibwo ibihangano bya Buravan byatangiye gusakara mu banyarwanda nabo baramukundira barabikunda. Icyo gihe ni nabwo yari amaze kubona umujyanama mushya mu bya muzika (Manager). Buravan azwi cyane mu njyana ya Afro Beat ,R&B,na Soul, akaba yarakundaga cyane abahanzi barimo [[Michael Jackson]],<ref>[[Michael]] Jackson,</ref> <ref group="Ed sheeran,">Ed sheeran</ref>na Bruno Mars n'abandi benshi. Yakoze indirimbo nyinshi zirimo Majunda, Injyana, Urwo Ngukunda, Low Key, Ye Ayee n’izindi nyinshi. Yitabiriye ibitaramo byinshi bitandukanye mu Rwanda ndetse yanatsindiye ibihembo bitandukanye harimo n’igihembo mpuzamahanga cya Prix Decouvertes gitangwa na RFI <ref>https://musique.rfi.fr/afropop/20181108-buravan-laureat-prix-decouvertes-rfi-2018</ref>, yatsindiye ku ya 8 Ugushyingo 2018 ku myaka ye 23 y’amavuko. Yakomeje gukora ibitaramo byinshi bitandukanye aho muri Nyakanga 2018 yakoreye igitaramo gikomeye mu [[Ububiligi|Bubiligi]] agashimisha abakunzi be. Ku ya 17 Gashyantare 2018, yitabiriye Festival Aman mu mujyi wa Goma.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://mdundo.com/a/140523 |title=Archive copy |access-date=2022-02-06 |archive-date=2022-02-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220206191509/https://mdundo.com/a/140523 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Yitabye inama kuri 17/8/2022 [[Dosiye:Parsley_Palette_at_Soho_Records.jpg|thumb| == IBIHEMBO YVAN BURAVAN YATWAYE == == AMASHAKIRO; == -Prix de couvertes<references /> <references group="ecole la colombielle" /> <references group="ecole la colombière" /> [[Ikiciro:Umuziki]] enn91252otnptbbq29wg2qs50m0rdkh 0 9872 133283 118162 2026-06-27T08:47:12Z Igiraneza Divine 15375 Impinduka 133283 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Claudine Kabageni''' ni [[Rwanda|umunyarwandakaz]]<nowiki/>i ufite uruganda akoranamo na bagenzi be bafite umushinga wo gutunganya urusenda rwitwa [https://agriprofocus.com/profile/kabageni.claudine.35971 pilipili Mbuzi (farming project)] ruba Musenyi mu [[Akarere ka Bugesera|Karere ka Bugesera]] mu [[Rwanda]].<ref>https://agriprofocus.com/profile/kabageni.claudine.35971</ref> Claudine we na bagenzi be bakaba bari gutegura ishami rindi ku Ruyenzi mu Karere ka [[Kamonyi District|Kamony]]<nowiki/>i bakora urusenda rufite ubuziranenge ruri kugiciro kibereye buri wese. <ref>https://agriprofocus.com/profile/kabageni.claudine.35971</ref> == AMASHAKIRO; == <references /> [[Ikiciro:Umunyarwandakazi]] [[Ikiciro:Umunyamwuga]] ff4c5d45pzv4ghkis5bt20u59r339vd 0 10202 133267 132778 2026-06-26T15:26:48Z B.Scalling 15089 133267 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Knowless Butera.jpg|thumb|Butera Jane uzwi nka Knowless]] '''Butera Jane''' yavutse ku wa 2 Ukwakira 1990 kandi uzwi ku izina rya Knowless cyangwa Butera Knowless mu buryo bw'umwuga,ni umuhanzikazi w'injyana nya[[Rwanda]]. Butera yajyiye akora indirimbo nyinshi zitandukanye. Indirimbo ze zikaba zikora ku mitima ya benshi cyane cyane urubyiruko udasize n'abantu bakuru, cyane ko uyu muhanzikazi ibihangano bye biba byuzuyemo ubutumwa bwinshi. <ref name="salax">{{Cite web |url=http://chimpreports.com/index.php/entertainment/12109-riderman-wins-rwanda-talent-search.html |title=Archive copy |access-date=2022-04-30 |archive-date=2013-08-12 |archive-url=https://archive.is/20130812132334/http://chimpreports.com/index.php/entertainment/12109-riderman-wins-rwanda-talent-search.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://inyarwanda.com/inkuru/106427/ubuhanga-knowless-yagaragaje-ibyo-wakwitega-kuri-album-ya-5-inzora-106427.html</ref> == AMATEKA == Butera yavukiye mu [[Akarere ka Ruhango|Karere ka Ruhango]], akaba umwana w'ikinege wa Jean-Marie Vianney Butera na Marie Claire Uyambaje, bombi bitabye Imana. <ref>http://www.newtimes.co.rw/section/read/69290</ref> Nyina yahoze ari umuririmbyi wa mbere muri korari y'itorero ry'Abadiventisiti b'umunsi wa Karindwi . Butera yize amashuri abanza muri ESCAF i [[Nyamirambo]], APARUDE mu mashuri yisumbuye i Ruhango na APACE i [[Kigali]] akaba yarize ikoranabuhanga. Akaba yari umwe mubagize korari yo muri APACE. Mu mwaka wa 2012, yatangiye kwiga kaminuza muri Kigali Institute of Science and Technology. <ref name="bio">https://web.archive.org/web/20120110120556/http://tukabyine.com/index.php/articles/knowles-rwandas-true-music-diva</ref> Mu mwaka 2019, nibwo yasoje muri Kaminuza ya Gikirisitu ya Oklahoma akaba n'umubyeyi w'abakobwa babiri bitwa Ora na Inzora Butera.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://ar.umuseke.rw/umuhanzikazi-butera-knowless-ni-muntu-ki.hmtl |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-07-31 |archive-date=2023-07-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230731163157/https://ar.umuseke.rw/umuhanzikazi-butera-knowless-ni-muntu-ki.hmtl |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/imyidagaduro/muzika/article/urugendo-rw-umuziki-rwa-butera-knowless-wagize-isabukuru-y-imyaka-29</ref><ref>https://www.igihe.com/imyidagaduro/muzika/abahanzi/butera-knowless/amakuru/article/ibintu-10-bitangaje-kuri-knowless</ref><ref>https://umuryango.rw/imyidagaduro/umuziki/article/umuhanzikazi-butera-knowless-yarezwe-muri-rib</ref> [[Dosiye:University of Rwanda, Nyarugenge Campus.jpg|thumb|Kaminuza ya Kigali Institute of Science and Technology, Butera yizeho]] [[Dosiye:RuhangoDist.png|center|thumb|Aho Butera yavukiye]] == UMWUGA WA MUZIKA == Knowless yashyize ahagaragara umuzingo w<nowiki>'indirimbo we wa mbere, ''</nowiki>''Komeza<nowiki>''</nowiki>'' mu Kuboza 2011. Album ye ya kabiri, ''Uwo Ndiwe'', yasohotse muri Werurwe 2013. <ref name="salax2">http://focus.rw/wp/2013/04/action-packed-female-stars-take-over-rwanda/</ref> Knowless akaba abarizwa muri label ya Kina Music. <ref name="chimp">{{Cite web |url=http://chimpreports.com/index.php/entertainment/12109-riderman-wins-rwanda-talent-search.html |title=Archive copy |access-date=2022-04-30 |archive-date=2013-08-12 |archive-url=https://archive.is/20130812132334/http://chimpreports.com/index.php/entertainment/12109-riderman-wins-rwanda-talent-search.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Yakoreye mu [[Rwanda]] no mu bihugu duturanye, harimo na [[Uganda|Uganda,]] kandi akorana n'abahanzi benshi barimo Abanyarwanda nka Danny, Paccy, Ciney, Jay Polly, Kamichi, Urban Boyz hamwe n'itsinda rya Vampos ryo muri Uganda. Umuhanzikazi [[Cécile Kayirebwa|Cecile Kayirebwa]] w’umunyarwanda watuye mu [[Ububiligi|Bubiligi]] n’umwanditsi w’indirimbo w’umunyamerika R&B, Brandy Norwood nibo bahanzi afata nk'ikitegererezo. Mu mwaka wa 2021 yasohoye umuzingo mushya (album) yitwa INZORA. <ref>https://www.ktpress.rw/2021/06/knowless-set-to-release-inzora-her-best-album-ever/</ref> == IBIHEMBO == [[Dosiye:Amahoro Stadium 2003 c.png|thumb|Stade Amahoro]] Knowless yatsindiye "Umuhanzi mushya mwiza" mu marushanwa ya Salax Awards 2010. Muri Kanama 2013, yegukanye umwanya wa gatatu mu marushanwa ngarukamwaka ya Primus Guma Guma Super Star abera kuri [[Stade Amahoro]] . <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://chimpreports.com/index.php/entertainment/12109-riderman-wins-rwanda-talent-search.html |title=Archive copy |access-date=2022-04-30 |archive-date=2013-08-12 |archive-url=https://archive.is/20130812132334/http://chimpreports.com/index.php/entertainment/12109-riderman-wins-rwanda-talent-search.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Muri Werurwe 2013 yatsindiye igihembo cya kabiri cya Salax -kuri iyi nshuro mu cyiciro cy'Umuhanzi w’umugore mwiza". Muri 2013, Knowless yari umwe mu bahanzi batatu baturutse mu Rwanda baririmbye mu birori bya "[[Rwanda]] Day" byabereye i Londres. <ref>http://www.rwandashow.com/index.php/2013/05/knowles-applauds-rwanda-day/</ref> muri 2015, Knowless Butera yatsindiye Primus Guma Guma Superstar Edition ya 5 kandi ni we mugore wa mbere wegukanye amarushanwa nk'aya. == AMASHAKIRO; == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Butera Knowless}} [[Ikiciro:Abagore]] [[Ikiciro:Imyidagaduro mu Rwanda]] [[Ikiciro:Imyidagaduro]] [[Ikiciro:Umuhanzi]] 5dgmjru2wtck0viaqlcihcjkylmlwo9 133268 133267 2026-06-26T15:29:57Z B.Scalling 15089 gushyiramo databox 133268 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Knowless Butera.jpg|thumb|Butera Jane uzwi nka Knowless]]{{Databox|excludeProperties=Q16233306|useImage=[[File:Knowless (21600659636).jpg|Knowless_(21600659636)]]}} '''Butera Jane''' yavutse ku wa 2 Ukwakira 1990 kandi uzwi ku izina rya Knowless cyangwa Butera Knowless mu buryo bw'umwuga,ni umuhanzikazi w'injyana nya[[Rwanda]]. Butera yajyiye akora indirimbo nyinshi zitandukanye. Indirimbo ze zikaba zikora ku mitima ya benshi cyane cyane urubyiruko udasize n'abantu bakuru, cyane ko uyu muhanzikazi ibihangano bye biba byuzuyemo ubutumwa bwinshi. <ref name="salax">{{Cite web |url=http://chimpreports.com/index.php/entertainment/12109-riderman-wins-rwanda-talent-search.html |title=Archive copy |access-date=2022-04-30 |archive-date=2013-08-12 |archive-url=https://archive.is/20130812132334/http://chimpreports.com/index.php/entertainment/12109-riderman-wins-rwanda-talent-search.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://inyarwanda.com/inkuru/106427/ubuhanga-knowless-yagaragaje-ibyo-wakwitega-kuri-album-ya-5-inzora-106427.html</ref> == AMATEKA == Butera yavukiye mu [[Akarere ka Ruhango|Karere ka Ruhango]], akaba umwana w'ikinege wa Jean-Marie Vianney Butera na Marie Claire Uyambaje, bombi bitabye Imana. <ref>http://www.newtimes.co.rw/section/read/69290</ref> Nyina yahoze ari umuririmbyi wa mbere muri korari y'itorero ry'Abadiventisiti b'umunsi wa Karindwi . Butera yize amashuri abanza muri ESCAF i [[Nyamirambo]], APARUDE mu mashuri yisumbuye i Ruhango na APACE i [[Kigali]] akaba yarize ikoranabuhanga. Akaba yari umwe mubagize korari yo muri APACE. Mu mwaka wa 2012, yatangiye kwiga kaminuza muri Kigali Institute of Science and Technology. <ref name="bio">https://web.archive.org/web/20120110120556/http://tukabyine.com/index.php/articles/knowles-rwandas-true-music-diva</ref> Mu mwaka 2019, nibwo yasoje muri Kaminuza ya Gikirisitu ya Oklahoma akaba n'umubyeyi w'abakobwa babiri bitwa Ora na Inzora Butera.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://ar.umuseke.rw/umuhanzikazi-butera-knowless-ni-muntu-ki.hmtl |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-07-31 |archive-date=2023-07-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230731163157/https://ar.umuseke.rw/umuhanzikazi-butera-knowless-ni-muntu-ki.hmtl |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/imyidagaduro/muzika/article/urugendo-rw-umuziki-rwa-butera-knowless-wagize-isabukuru-y-imyaka-29</ref><ref>https://www.igihe.com/imyidagaduro/muzika/abahanzi/butera-knowless/amakuru/article/ibintu-10-bitangaje-kuri-knowless</ref><ref>https://umuryango.rw/imyidagaduro/umuziki/article/umuhanzikazi-butera-knowless-yarezwe-muri-rib</ref> [[Dosiye:University of Rwanda, Nyarugenge Campus.jpg|thumb|Kaminuza ya Kigali Institute of Science and Technology, Butera yizeho]] [[Dosiye:RuhangoDist.png|center|thumb|Aho Butera yavukiye]] == UMWUGA WA MUZIKA == Knowless yashyize ahagaragara umuzingo w<nowiki>'indirimbo we wa mbere, ''</nowiki>''Komeza<nowiki>''</nowiki>'' mu Kuboza 2011. Album ye ya kabiri, ''Uwo Ndiwe'', yasohotse muri Werurwe 2013. <ref name="salax2">http://focus.rw/wp/2013/04/action-packed-female-stars-take-over-rwanda/</ref> Knowless akaba abarizwa muri label ya Kina Music. <ref name="chimp">{{Cite web |url=http://chimpreports.com/index.php/entertainment/12109-riderman-wins-rwanda-talent-search.html |title=Archive copy |access-date=2022-04-30 |archive-date=2013-08-12 |archive-url=https://archive.is/20130812132334/http://chimpreports.com/index.php/entertainment/12109-riderman-wins-rwanda-talent-search.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Yakoreye mu [[Rwanda]] no mu bihugu duturanye, harimo na [[Uganda|Uganda,]] kandi akorana n'abahanzi benshi barimo Abanyarwanda nka Danny, Paccy, Ciney, Jay Polly, Kamichi, Urban Boyz hamwe n'itsinda rya Vampos ryo muri Uganda. Umuhanzikazi [[Cécile Kayirebwa|Cecile Kayirebwa]] w’umunyarwanda watuye mu [[Ububiligi|Bubiligi]] n’umwanditsi w’indirimbo w’umunyamerika R&B, Brandy Norwood nibo bahanzi afata nk'ikitegererezo. Mu mwaka wa 2021 yasohoye umuzingo mushya (album) yitwa INZORA. <ref>https://www.ktpress.rw/2021/06/knowless-set-to-release-inzora-her-best-album-ever/</ref> == IBIHEMBO == [[Dosiye:Amahoro Stadium 2003 c.png|thumb|Stade Amahoro]] Knowless yatsindiye "Umuhanzi mushya mwiza" mu marushanwa ya Salax Awards 2010. Muri Kanama 2013, yegukanye umwanya wa gatatu mu marushanwa ngarukamwaka ya Primus Guma Guma Super Star abera kuri [[Stade Amahoro]] . <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://chimpreports.com/index.php/entertainment/12109-riderman-wins-rwanda-talent-search.html |title=Archive copy |access-date=2022-04-30 |archive-date=2013-08-12 |archive-url=https://archive.is/20130812132334/http://chimpreports.com/index.php/entertainment/12109-riderman-wins-rwanda-talent-search.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Muri Werurwe 2013 yatsindiye igihembo cya kabiri cya Salax -kuri iyi nshuro mu cyiciro cy'Umuhanzi w’umugore mwiza". Muri 2013, Knowless yari umwe mu bahanzi batatu baturutse mu Rwanda baririmbye mu birori bya "[[Rwanda]] Day" byabereye i Londres. <ref>http://www.rwandashow.com/index.php/2013/05/knowles-applauds-rwanda-day/</ref> muri 2015, Knowless Butera yatsindiye Primus Guma Guma Superstar Edition ya 5 kandi ni we mugore wa mbere wegukanye amarushanwa nk'aya. == AMASHAKIRO; == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Butera Knowless}} [[Ikiciro:Abagore]] [[Ikiciro:Imyidagaduro mu Rwanda]] [[Ikiciro:Imyidagaduro]] [[Ikiciro:Umuhanzi]] knox20mnt7m45wqp5u4py6cwsr2hw52 0 10206 133269 104146 2026-06-26T17:30:43Z Igiraneza Divine 15375 Impinduka 133269 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:PQ1B03051.jpg|thumb|Rigoga Ruth Rwandan sport Journalism]] '''Rigoga Ruth''' ni umunyarwandakazi w'umunyamakuru uvuga amakuru y'[[imikino]] mu [[Rwanda]] wamamaye cyane nkumwe mu bagore bavuga amakuru y'[[imikino]] mu [[Rwanda Nziza|Rwanda]] kuko twari tumenyereye ko amakuru y'[[imikino]] mu [[Rwanda]] avugwa n'abagabo gusa.<ref>https://inyarwanda.com/inkuru/80844/umunyamakuru-rigoga-ruth-yarushinze-n-umusirikare-ufite-ipet-80844.html</ref> == Ama Radiyo yakozeho == '''Rigoga Ruth''' yakoze ku ma radiyo menshi [[Kigali|i Kigali]] harimo: '''Isango Star''' ari nayo yatangiriyeho umwuga w'itangazamakuru ry'imikino mu [[Rwanda]] mu mwaka wa 2010 na 2012 ahava ajya kuri '''KFM''', 2016 ahava ajya kuri '''Radio&TV10''' ariho yavuye ajya ku kigo cy'igihugu cy'itangazamakuru mu [[Rwanda]] (RBA) mu mwaka wa 2019<ref>https://www.newtimes.co.rw/sports/meet-ruth-rigoga-trailblazing-female-sports-journalist-defying-odds</ref> == Ubuzima Bwite == Taliki 10 Werurwe mu mwaka 2018 nibwo umunyamakuru w'imikino Rigoga Ruth yarushinze na lLyetona Kamali Fred. <ref>https://www.newtimes.co.rw/sports/who-are-top-female-sports-journalists-rwanda-meet-women-runningthe-show</ref> '''Rigoga''' yize amashuri yisumbuye kuri bourse kubera gukina umupira w'amaguru, ”Rigoga.Muri icyo gihe, yahuje radiyo n’amasomo ubwo yakurikiranaga impamyabumenyi mu itangazamakuru muri kaminuza y’u [[Rwanda]] (UR). Mu mwaka 2012, yatewe ubwoba na 98.7 KFM nshya, radiyo yari ifitwe na Nation Media Group (NMG), ariko nyuma igahagarika ibikorwa muri kamena mu mwaka 2016. <ref>https://www.newtimes.co.rw/sports/who-are-top-female-sports-journalists-rwanda-meet-women-runningthe-show</ref>Nubwo yakoraga mu bidukikije byiganjemo abagabo, Rigoga yakomeje kwigaragaza mu biganiro 10 Imikino, yari imwe mu biganiro by'imikino bizwi cyane mu Rwanda. Muri Kamena 2019, yinjiye muri RBA aho atanga ibitaramo bibiri, 'RTV Sports na Kick-off, biri mu birebwa cyane. Rigoga avuga ko bitigeze byoroha na gato, kubera ko byabaye ngombwa ko asuzugura ibintu byinshi, birimo imyumvire ya sosiyete, ibitekerezo bibi ndetse no guhuza umubyeyi n'akazi. Ati: "Ntabwo byabaye urugendo rwiza nkuko bigaragara. Nahuye n'ibisitaza mu nzira, cyane cyane abantu bambwira ibintu bimpagarika umutima ariko nkomeza kugenda. ”Rigoga.<ref>https://www.newtimes.co.rw/sports/who-are-top-female-sports-journalists-rwanda-meet-women-runningthe-show</ref> == AMASHAKIRO; == <references /> [[Ikiciro:Wikigap]] 7masm28vxlb7h1xjbgopvesni29zj7c 0 10252 133264 126650 2026-06-26T15:20:53Z B.Scalling 15089 B.Scalling moved page [[QUEEN CHA]] to [[Mugemana Yvonne]]: Standardizing article title 126650 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mugemana Yvonne''' uzwi ku izina rya '''QUEEN CHA''' muri muzika nyarwanda,uririmba indirimbo mu njyana ya RnB na Afrobeat, mu ndirimbo zitandukanye kandi zikunzwe na benshi cyane cyane urubyiruko.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20170929181329/http://agasaro.com/spip.php?article2846</ref> akaba yaravutse 1991 == UBUZIMA BWITE == Queen Cha amazina ye nyakuri ni MUGEMANA YVONNE, akaba umukobwa w'imyaka 31 y'amavuko. kuko yavutse tariki 5 kamena 1991. avuka mu [[intara y'amajyepfo]], mu [[akarere ka Muhanga]] kuri ubu akaba abarizwa i [[Nyamirambo]] mu [[Kigali|umujyi wa Kigali]].<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20170929181329/http://agasaro.com/spip.php?article2846</ref> ==== IBYO YIZE ==== Queen Cha amashuri ye abanza yayize mu ishuri ESCAF(Ecole de Science Anglais Francais), yiga icyiciro rusange muri GSNDL (Groupe Scolaire Notre Dame de lourdes) Byimana, maze ayisumbuye ayasoreza mu rwunge rw'amashuri yisumbuye rw'i Butare. QUEEN CHA yarangije amashuri ya kaminuza mu mwaka wa 2014, muri [[Kaminuza nkuru y’u Rwanda|Kaminuza Nkuru y'u Rwanda]] mu ishami ry 'ibinyabuzima ( Biologie).<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20170929181329/http://agasaro.com/spip.php?article2846</ref> ===== IBIJYANYE NA MUZIKA ===== Queen Cha yatangiye kuririmba ajya muri muzika mu mpera z'umwaka wa 2011, abifashijwemo na Riderman. Indirimbo ya mbere yasohoye ni iyitwa "uranyura" ndetse na "Windekura" ari nazo zatumye atangira kumenyekana, akomeza no gukora izindi ndirimbo zirimo nka ''''Umwe Rukumbi'''" '''Njye Ndagukunda''', '''icyaha ndacyemera''', '''kizimyamoto''', '''Iwawe''', '''queen of queens''' yakoranye na '''Washington''' wo muri gihugu cy'abaturanyi cya [[Ubugande|Uganda]].<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20170929181329/http://agasaro.com/spip.php?article2846</ref> akaba yari muri the Mane.<ref>https://umuryango.rw/imyidagaduro/article/menya-ikihishe-inyuma-ku-isezera-rya-queen-cha-na-marina-muri-the-mane</ref>Akaba yarateganyaga gukorana na Producer Element.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://inkanga.com/queen-cha-yavuze-producer-wa-mbere-wumuhanga-mu-rwanda/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2022-05-02 |archive-date=2022-05-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220502205847/https://inkanga.com/queen-cha-yavuze-producer-wa-mbere-wumuhanga-mu-rwanda/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> ===== AMASHAKIRO ===== e467qyct6ydsalh04bj6eqkukpc0nxm 133266 133264 2026-06-26T15:22:32Z B.Scalling 15089 133266 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mugemana Yvonne''' uzwi ku izina rya '''QUEEN CHA''' muri muzika nyarwanda,uririmba indirimbo mu njyana ya RNB na Afrobeat, mu ndirimbo zitandukanye kandi zikunzwe na benshi cyane cyane urubyiruko.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20170929181329/http://agasaro.com/spip.php?article2846</ref> akaba yaravutse 1991 == UBUZIMA BWITE == Queen Cha amazina ye nyakuri ni MUGEMANA YVONNE, akaba umukobwa w'imyaka 31 y'amavuko. kuko yavutse tariki 5 kamena 1991. avuka mu [[intara y'amajyepfo]], mu [[akarere ka Muhanga]] kuri ubu akaba abarizwa i [[Nyamirambo]] mu [[Kigali|umujyi wa Kigali]].<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20170929181329/http://agasaro.com/spip.php?article2846</ref> ==== IBYO YIZE ==== Queen Cha amashuri ye abanza yayize mu ishuri ESCAF(Ecole de Science Anglais Francais), yiga icyiciro rusange muri GSNDL (Groupe Scolaire Notre Dame de lourdes) Byimana, maze ayisumbuye ayasoreza mu rwunge rw'amashuri yisumbuye rw'i Butare. QUEEN CHA yarangije amashuri ya kaminuza mu mwaka wa 2014, muri [[Kaminuza nkuru y’u Rwanda|Kaminuza Nkuru y'u Rwanda]] mu ishami ry 'ibinyabuzima ( Biologie).<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20170929181329/http://agasaro.com/spip.php?article2846</ref> ===== IBIJYANYE NA MUZIKA ===== Queen Cha yatangiye kuririmba ajya muri muzika mu mpera z'umwaka wa 2011, abifashijwemo na [[Riderman]]. Indirimbo ya mbere yasohoye ni iyitwa "uranyura" ndetse na "Windekura" ari nazo zatumye atangira kumenyekana, akomeza no gukora izindi ndirimbo zirimo nka ''''Umwe Rukumbi'''" '''Njye Ndagukunda''', '''icyaha ndacyemera''', '''kizimyamoto''', '''Iwawe''', '''queen of queens''' yakoranye na '''Washington''' wo muri gihugu cy'abaturanyi cya [[Ubugande|Uganda]].<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20170929181329/http://agasaro.com/spip.php?article2846</ref> akaba yari muri the Mane.<ref>https://umuryango.rw/imyidagaduro/article/menya-ikihishe-inyuma-ku-isezera-rya-queen-cha-na-marina-muri-the-mane</ref>Akaba yarateganyaga gukorana na Producer Element.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://inkanga.com/queen-cha-yavuze-producer-wa-mbere-wumuhanga-mu-rwanda/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2022-05-02 |archive-date=2022-05-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220502205847/https://inkanga.com/queen-cha-yavuze-producer-wa-mbere-wumuhanga-mu-rwanda/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> ===== AMASHAKIRO ===== 7avd3pzdotww1daxeb27yuhh8r7afcl 0 10335 133263 115245 2026-06-26T15:16:05Z B.Scalling 15089 gukosora imyandikire 133263 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Umuhanzikazi.jpg|thumb|Marina Kurubyiniro.|336x336px]] [[Dosiye:RwamaganaDist.png|thumb|Rwamagana aho Marina akomoka]] '''Ingabire Deborah''' ni umuhanzi w'[[umunyarwandakazi]] uzwi kw'izina rya Marina Debol akomoka mu karere ka [[Akarere ka Rwamagana|Rwamagana]] mu [[Rwanda|Rwanda.]] <ref>https://inyarwanda.com/inkuru/101108/marina-mu-ndirimbo-ye-nshya-worokoso-yakoreye-i-burayi-yumvikanye-yiyama-abamuvuga-nabi-vi-101108.html</ref> == Umwuga == Ingabire Deborah umenywe munjyana ya RNB akaba yaramenyekanye muri Gashyantare 2017 ubwo yashyiraga hanze indirimbo ye ya mbere yitwa <nowiki>''Byarara bibaye''. mugihe abantu bamwibazagaho yahise yumvikana anagaragara mu ndirimbo yamenyekanye cyane yitwa Too Much yahuriyemo n'</nowiki>abandi bahanzi <ref>https://inyarwanda.com/inkuru/98931/marina-yafashe-shapitire-nshya-yubuzima-nyuma-yuko-benshi-bamwijunditse-98931.html</ref> Marina akaba yarinjiye mumuziki asanga inzira ziharuye kuko yabanje kuba mubiganza bya [[Uncle Austin]] wari ushinzwe inyungu n<nowiki>'iterambere rye rya muzika nyuma akaba yaraje gushyira umukono kumasezerano yo gukorana n'inzu ya ''The mane'' aba umuhanzi wa mbere iy'inzu yari itangiranye nawe akaba yaramenyekanye kandi kundirimbo nka ''Ni wowe'', ''Madede'' na ''Mbwira''</nowiki> yakoranye na Kidum.<ref>https://inyarwanda.com/inkuru/98931/marina-yafashe-shapitire-nshya-yubuzima-nyuma-yuko-benshi-bamwijunditse-98931.html<nowiki/>https://web.archive.org/web/20220505100810/https://www.newtimes.co.rw/topics/marina</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.newtimes.co.rw/topics/marina |title=Archive copy |access-date=2022-05-05 |archive-date=2022-05-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220505100810/https://www.newtimes.co.rw/topics/marina |url-status=dead }}</ref>kw'itariki 28 Mata 2021 Ingabire Deborah akaba yaratangaje ko yatandukanye na The Mane yamufashaga m'urugendo rwe rwa muzika.<ref>https://isano.rw/marina-yasezeye-muri-the-mane/?amp</ref>akaba kandi yarashyize umukono ku masezerano yo kwamamariza Catchyz tariki 13 Ukwakira 2021.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://igihe.com/imyidagaduro/article/ibyishimo-kuri-marina-wahawe-akazi-ko-kwamamaza-ikigo-cy-ubucuruzi-ku-nshuro-ya |title=Archive copy |access-date=2022-05-10 |archive-date=2022-05-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220510140046/https://igihe.com/imyidagaduro/article/ibyishimo-kuri-marina-wahawe-akazi-ko-kwamamaza-ikigo-cy-ubucuruzi-ku-nshuro-ya |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[Dosiye:Marina Deborah.jpg|thumb|MARINA Umuhanzikazi ]] == Amashakiro == [[Ikiciro:Abagore ba bahanzi]] <references /> [[Ikiciro:Rwanda]] 459sagzg9zk13l9925oawd3x54zgigy 0 10552 133281 97084 2026-06-27T08:44:07Z Igiraneza Divine 15375 Impinduka 133281 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mukakayange Angèle''' yari umunyapolitiki [[Rwanda|w'umunyarwandakazi]]. Niwe mugore wa mbere watorewe kuba umudepite mu Nteko Nshingamategeko y'u [[Rwanda]].<ref>https://frankensaurus.com/1965_Rwandan_general_election</ref> <ref name="BauerDawuni2015">https://books.google.com/books?id=-6_hCgAAQBAJ&pg=PT203</ref>Angèle Mukakayange yatorewe kuba Depite wa MDR-Parmehutu uhagarariye [[Butare]] mu matora rusange y'abadepite mu [[Rwanda]] 1965 . Nyuma yatakaje umwanya mu matora yo mu 1969 .<ref>https://dbpedia.org/page/Ang%C3%A8le_Mukakayange</ref> <ref name="Mairieu1972">https://books.google.com/books?id=FpAMAQAAIAAJ</ref> == IBYO YAKOZE == Mukakayange Angèle yari muri Repubulika ya mbere ari umunyarwandakazi wayoboye ibigo by’amashuri yisumbuye, Aha ninaho Repubulika ya mbere bazanze Depitekazi Mukakayange Angela yaba umudepite aho yakomokaga i [[Butare]]. Ninaho aha rero ngo  haje gususzumwa basanga abagore bakwiye kuzamurwa mu ntera hashyirwaho n’undi aba Minisitiri icyo gihe ngo hari taliki 06 Mutarama 1964.<ref>http://ingenzinyayo.com/2016/11/06/umunyarwandakazi-ntiyigeze-ahezwa-muri-politiki/</ref> == AMASHAKIRO; == [[Ikiciro:Umunyarwandakazi]] [[Ikiciro:Abagore babanyapolitike]] qqsdpi1udrqf4ojh26za9wq1umffoed 0 12809 133282 118768 2026-06-27T08:45:53Z Igiraneza Divine 15375 impinduka 133282 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Abaririmbyi gakondo.jpg|thumb|abaririmbyi baririmba gakondo]] Ni itsinda rigizwe n'abanyarwandakazi babiri bavukana kandi b'impanga aribo NDAYISHIMIYE Angel na BAMUREKE Pamella, bakora umuziki nk'umwuga by'umwihariko injyana gakondo. == Inkomoko y'inganzo == Ange na Pamella nk'izina bakoresha ku rubyiniriro batangiye kuririmba guhera biga mu mashuri y'inshuke aho baririmbaga mu itorero ry'umuco ry'ikigo ndetse bakomeje kuriririmbamo bageze no mu mashuri abanza. <ref>[1] [https://web.archive.org/web/20220920180918/https://mail.igihe.com/imyidagaduro/article/ange-pamella-bacyeje-abababanjirije-muri-gakondo-barimo-kayirebwa-mu-ndirimbo Ange & Pamella bacyeje abababanjirije muri Gakondo barimo Kayirebwa mu ndirimbo yabo nshya - Igihe.com]</ref><ref>[2] [https://web.archive.org/web/20220920172547/https://impuruza.net/?p=1181 Abahanzi Angel&Pamella bashyize ahagaragara indirimbo bakoranye n’icyamamare Cécile Kayirebwa - Impuruza.net]</ref> Impano yabo yo kuririmba bayitahuye ku myaka 12, igenda ibungabungwa ndetse ari nako bafashwa mu kuyikuza kugeza ubu bakaba ari abahanzi by'umwuga ku buryo biyandikira n'indirimbo zabo bwite. Iyi mpano yo kuririmba ikaba ari impano bisangije mu muryango bavukamo doreko nta wundi babikomoraho bituma bifuza kuzayiraga abazabakomokaho. <ref>[3] [https://inyarwanda.com/inkuru/98090/impanga-zahogoje-kayirebwa-urugendo-rwa-angel-na-pamella-bafitanye-amabanga-namateka-akome-98090.html Impanga zahogoje Kayirebwa! Urugendo rwa Angel na Pamella bafitanye amabanga n'amateka akomeye - VIDEO - Inyarwanda.com]</ref> == Ibindi bikorwa == Ange nubwo akora umuziki abifatanya no gukora ibyerekeranye n'imideri aho afite inzu y'imideri yitwa Hodan Fashion. Iyi nzu y'imideri ikaba ijya inabambika muri amwe mu mashusho y'indirimbo zabo.<ref>[4] [https://www.newtimes.co.rw/entertainment/ange-and-pamela-twins-blazing-gakondo-music Ange and Pamela: The twins blazing Gakondo music - Newtimes.co.rw]</ref><ref>[5] [https://www.kigalitoday.com/imyidagaduro/muzika/article/ange-na-pamela-bahimbiye-indirimbo-abahanzi-ba-gakondo-babazamuye Ange na Pamela bahimbiye indirimbo abahanzi ba gakondo babazamuye - Kigalitoday.com]</ref> == Aho wakura ibihangano byabo nuko wababona == Ange na pamella ibihangano byabo byose biboneka ku rubuga rw'ikoranabuhanga rwa YouTube unyuze kuri shene yabo yitwa '''[https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCkG3P9GbJjIjcTSW642OVow Angel na Pamella]''' Ukeneye kubavugisha wakifashisha uburyo bw'ikoranabuhanga bwa imeyili, ukabandikira kuri email yabo: [mailto:angelnapamellabooking@gmail.com angelnapamellabooking@gmail.com] == AMASHAKIRO; == <references /> [[Ikiciro:Entertainment]] [[Ikiciro:Gakondo]] [[Ikiciro:Rwanda]] 9whaf7mfv8cvaq43v6udr9dfvkgua33 0 12875 133270 119023 2026-06-26T17:44:03Z Igiraneza Divine 15375 Impinduka 133270 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Mountain in Rutsiro district, western Rwanda.jpg|thumb|Imisozi ya Rutsiro]] [[Dosiye:Team éperviers.jpg|thumb|Umupira w'amaguru]] RUTSIRO FC ni ikipe y'umupira w'amaguru, ifite icyicaro mu [[Intara y'Uburengerazuba|Ntara y’Iburengerazuba]], [[Akarere ka Rutsiro]], iyi kipe iri munsi y'Akarere kandi ikina mu mikino ya shampiona itegurwa na [[FERWAFA|Ferwafa]].<ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/imikino-11/football/article/rayon-sports-itsinze-rutsiro-fc-ku-munota-wa-nyuma</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://igihe.com/serivisi/special-pages/live-sports/article/live-as-kigali-yakiriye-rutsiro-fc-muri-shampiyona-amafoto |title=Archive copy |access-date=2022-09-21 |archive-date=2022-09-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220921114538/https://igihe.com/serivisi/special-pages/live-sports/article/live-as-kigali-yakiriye-rutsiro-fc-muri-shampiyona-amafoto |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[Dosiye:RutsiroDist.png|center|thumb|Aho Rutsiro FC ibarizwa]] == AMASHAKIRO; == [[Ikiciro:Imikino (Rwanda)]] [[Ikiciro:Amakipe]] 98piledstkxch454b8sxi9ngqaixgtp 0 12976 133250 87622 2026-06-26T12:39:57Z B.Scalling 15089 133250 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Risks form smoking-smoking can damage every part of the body.png|thumb|Igishushanyo cy'umubiri w'umuntu cyerekana kanseri n'indwara zidakira ziterwa no kunywa itabi]] [[Itabi|Kunywa itabi]] bigira ingaruka mbi cyane kubuzima bwabantu no guhangayikishwa '''n'ingaruka z'ubuzima bwi'tabi''' bifite amateka maremare. Ubushakashatsi bwibanze ahanini ku kunywa [[itabi]] . <ref name="WHOPrevalenceAdultsAge15">{{Cite web |title=Prevalence of current tobacco use among adults aged=15 years (percentage) |url=https://www.who.int/whosis/indicators/compendium/2008/2ptu/en/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081211143334/http://www.who.int/whosis/indicators/compendium/2008/2ptu/en/ |archive-date=2008-12-11 |access-date=2009-01-02 |publisher=World Health Organization}}</ref> <ref name="WHOMayoReport">{{Cite web |title=Mayo report on addressing the worldwide tobacco epidemic through effective, evidence-based treatment |url=https://www.who.int/tobacco/resources/publications/mayo/en/index.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040512172549/http://www.who.int/tobacco/resources/publications/mayo/en/index.html |archive-date=May 12, 2004 |access-date=2009-01-02 |publisher=World Health Organization |page=2}}</ref>Umwotsi w'itabi urimo [[:en:List_of_cigarette_smoke_carcinogens|imiti irenga 70]] [[:en:List_of_cigarette_smoke_carcinogens|itera kanseri]] . <ref name="WHO2014">{{Cite web |date=May 2014 |title=Tobacco Fact sheet N°339 |url=https://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs339/en/ |access-date=13 May 2015}}</ref> Itabi ririmo kandi [[:en:List_of_cigarette_smoke_carcinogens|nikotine]], ikaba ari ibiyobyabwenge byangiza cyane [[:en:Psychoactive_drug|psychoactive]] . Iyo itabi rinyweye, nikotine itera kwishingikiriza kumubiri no mubitekerezo. Itabi rigurishwa mu bihugu bitaratera imbere usanga rifite ibipimo byinshi, kandi ntibishobora kuyungurura, bikaba byongera ingaruka ziterwa n’itabi ry’indwara ziterwa n’itabi muri utwo turere.<ref name="Nichter_1991">https://doi.org/10.1525%2Fmaq.1991.5.3.02a00040</ref> Kunywa itabi nimwe mu mpamvu zikomeye [[:en:Preventable_cause_of_death|zitera urupfu rushobora kwirindwa]] ku isi. <ref name="isbn92-4-159628-7">https://web.archive.org/web/20080308173338/http://www.who.int/tobacco/mpower/mpower_report_full_2008.pdf</ref> Hafi ya kimwe cya kabiri cyabantu bakoresha itabi bapfa bazize ingorane zo gukoresha itabi. <ref name="WHO20142">{{Cite web |date=May 2014 |title=Tobacco Fact sheet N°339 |url=https://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs339/en/ |access-date=13 May 2015}}</ref> Ishami [https://web.archive.org/web/20080308173338/http://www.who.int/tobacco/mpower/mpower_report_full_2008.pdf ry'Umuryango w'Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima] (OMS) rivuga ko buri mwaka itabi ritera impfu zigera kuri miliyoni 6 (hafi 10% by'impfu zose) hamwe 600.000 muri zo zikaba ziboneka mu batanywa itabi kubera umwotsi w’itabi . <ref name="WHO20142" /> <ref>{{Cite web |title=The top 10 causes of death |url=https://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs310/en/index2.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070314013115/http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs310/en/index2.html |archive-date=March 14, 2007 |access-date=13 May 2015}}</ref> Bivugwa ko itabi ryahitanye abantu miliyoni 100 mu kinyejana cya 20. <ref name="WHO20142" /> Muri ubwo buryo, Ikigo cyo muri Leta zunze ubumwe z’Amerika gishinzwe kurwanya no gukumira indwara kivuga ko ikoreshwa ry’itabi ari "imwe mu ngaruka zikomeye zishobora kwirindwa ku buzima bw’abantu mu bihugu byateye imbere ndetse n’impamvu ikomeye y’urupfu rutaragera ku isi." <ref name="fn1">"[https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/quit_smoking/you_can_quit/nicotine.htm Nicotine: A Powerful Addiction] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090501011931/http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/quit_smoking/you_can_quit/nicotine.htm|date=2009-05-01}}." Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.</ref> Kugeza ubu, umubare w'abantu bapfa imburagihe muri Amerika bazize kunywa itabi ku mwaka uruta umubare w'abakozi bakoreshwa mu nganda z'itabi kuri 4 kugeza kuri 1. <ref>{{Cite web |title=These Two Industries Kill More People Than They Employ |url=https://www.iflscience.com/editors-blog/these-two-industries-kill-more-people-than-they-employ/ |access-date=2019-03-09 |website=IFLScience}}</ref> Nk’uko byagaragajwe mu mwaka wa 2014 mu ''[[:en:Centers_for_Disease_Control_and_Prevention|kinyamakuru cyitwa New England Journal of Medicine]]'', itabi rizahitana abantu bagera kuri miliyari imwe mu kinyejana cya 21 niba ubu itabi rikomeje, kimwe cya kabiri cyabo mbere y’imyaka 70.<ref>https://semanticscholar.org/paper/83fbcac3e5d959923397aaa07317a14c852b4948</ref> == Kumenyekanisha == Mu 1953, abahanga bo mu kigo cya [[:en:Memorial_Sloan–Kettering_Cancer_Center|Sloan-Kettering]] mu mujyi wa New York berekanye ko itabi ry’itabi ryanditswe ku ruhu rw'imbeba ryateye kanseri yica. <ref name="isbn1-59691-610-9">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merchants_of_Doubt</ref> Iki gikorwa cyashimishije cyane itangazamakuru; ikinyamakuru ''New York Times'' ''n'Ubuzima'' byombi byagaragaje ikibazo. ''Umusomyi Digest'' yasohoye ingingo yise "Kanseri na Carton".<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merchants_of_Doubt</ref> Ku ya 11 Mutarama 1964, Raporo [[:en:Surgeon_General_of_the_United_States|y’Ubuvuzi Bukuru]] bwa Leta zunze ubumwe z’Amerika [[:en:Smoking_and_Health:_Report_of_the_Advisory_Committee_to_the_Surgeon_General_of_the_United_States|ku itabi n’ubuzima]] yashyizwe ahagaragara; ibi byatumye abantu babarirwa muri za miriyoni banywa itabi ryabanyamerika bareka, kubuza kwamamaza bimwe, hamwe nibisabwa kubirango biburira ibicuruzwa byitabi. Ibisubizo byemerwa bwa mbere mu buvuzi, kandi bitangazwa mu baturage muri rusange, hagati ya za 1960. <ref name="dolls_history">https://web.archive.org/web/20181001070108/http://www.toxicology.usu.edu/endnote/doll-effects-of-smoking-smmr-7-87-1998.pdf</ref> Umuryango w’abaganga wanze igitekerezo kivuga ko itabi ryateje indwara ryatewe no kubogama kw’abaganga baterwa na nikotine, agashya k’imihindagurikire y’imihindagurikire y'ikirere ikenewe kugira ngo hakoreshwe uburyo bwa epidemiologi na heuristique ku ndwara zitandura, ndetse n’igitutu cy’inganda z’itabi. <ref name="dolls_history" />Ingaruka zubuzima bwitabi zagize uruhare runini mugutezimbere siyanse ya [[:en:Epidemiology|epidemiologiya]] . Nkuko uburyo bwa kanseri butera [[:en:Stochastic|radiomimetike]] cyangwa radiologiya, ingaruka zirakomeye. Ibisobanuro bisobanutse birashobora gutangwa gusa kubijyanye no kwiyongera cyangwa kugabanuka amahirwe yo kwandura indwara runaka. Ku muntu runaka, ntibishoboka kwerekana byimazeyo isano iri hagati yo guhura nuburozi bwa radiomimetike nkumwotsi w itabi na kanseri ikurikira; imvugo nkiyi irashobora gutangwa gusa kurwego rusange rwabaturage. Amasosiyete y’itabi yifashishije iyi myumvire ya filozofiya kandi akoresha ugushidikanya kw’abaganga batekereza ko ari abantu ku giti cyabo, ku isano iterwa no kwerekana uburozi nk’indwara nyirizina.<ref name="isbn0-465-07047-7">https://archive.org/details/cigarettecentury00bran</ref> Ubushinwa bufite abaturage benshi banywa itabi, bukurikirwa [[Ubuhinde|n'Ubuhinde]] . Ubuhinde bufite abaturage benshi bahekenya itabi ku isi. Abantu 154 bapfa buri saha mu Buhinde bazira itabi. <ref>https://www.factchecker.in/data-dive/data-dive-tobacco-kills-3700-people-every-day-causes-27-of-cancer-cases-820260</ref> <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Health_Organization</ref> == Ingaruka zubuzima bwitabi == [[Dosiye:Rational harm assessment of drugs radar plot.svg|thumb|Impuguke z’ibiyobyabwenge mubuvuzi bwo mu mutwe, chimie, farumasi, siyanse yubucamanza, epidemiologiya, hamwe n’abapolisi n’inzego z’amategeko bakora isesengura rya delphic ryerekeye ibiyobyabwenge 20 bizwi cyane. Itabi ryashyizwe ku mwanya wa 3 mu kwishingikiriza, ku mwanya wa 14 mu kwangiza umubiri, no ku mwanya wa 12 mu kwangiza imibereho. ]] Kunywa itabi bikunze gutera indwara zifata umutima [[:en:Respiratory_system|n'ibihaha]] kandi bikunze kwibasira ahantu nk'amaboko cyangwa ibirenge. Ibimenyetso bya mbere by’ibibazo by’ubuzima bijyanye n’itabi bikunze kugaragara nko kunanirwa ku mpera, aho kunywa itabi ari byo bintu nyamukuru bitera [[:en:Myocardial_infarction|indwara z'umutima]], [[:en:Chronic_obstructive_pulmonary_disease|indwara zidakira zifata ibihaha]] (COPD), [[:en:Emphysema|emphysema]], na [[:en:Cancer|kanseri]], cyane cyane kanseri y'ibihaha, kanseri yo mu muhogo na umunwa, na kanseri y'urwagashya . <ref>{{Cite web |last=ASPA |title=Health Effects of Tobacco |url=http://betobaccofree.hhs.gov/health-effects/index.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140920224920/http://betobaccofree.hhs.gov/health-effects/index.html |archive-date=2014-09-20 |access-date=8 September 2014}}</ref> Muri rusange icyizere cyo kubaho nacyo kigabanuka mubanywa itabi igihe kirekire, ugereranije ko kuva kumyaka 10 <ref name="Doll_2004">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2541142</ref> kugeza 17.9 <ref name="urlLife Expectancy at Age 30: Nonsmoking Versus Smoking Men">{{Cite web |title=Life Expectancy at Age 30: Nonsmoking Versus Smoking Men |url=http://tobaccodocuments.org/ti/TIMN0020615-0620.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120419010343/http://tobaccodocuments.org/ti/TIMN0020615-0620.html |archive-date=2012-04-19 |access-date=2012-05-06 |publisher=Tobacco Documents Online}}</ref> ugereranije nabatanywa itabi. <ref name="pmid10192312">https://doi.org/10.1093%2Foxfordjournals.aje.a009865</ref> Hafi ya kimwe cya kabiri cyigihe kirekire cyitabi ryabagabo bazapfa bazize indwara kubera itabi. <ref name="pmid7755693">https://doi.org/10.1093%2Foxfordjournals.aje.a009865</ref> Ihuriro ryitabi na kanseri yibihaha rirakomeye, haba mubitekerezo bya rubanda ndetse na etiologique. Mu banywi b'itabi b'abagabo, ibyago byo kubaho kwa kanseri y'ibihaha ni 17.2%; mu banywi b'itabi b'abagore, ibyago ni 11,6%. Izi ngaruka ziri hasi cyane kubatanywa itabi: 1,3% kubagabo na 1.4% kubagore. <ref name="pmid7895211">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7895211</ref> === Referances === <references /> [[Ikiciro:Health]] jx56rw1isc5bv3oi4g94g64bqgf85nm 0 13346 133275 133248 2026-06-26T19:45:20Z Michaela-Gia Noëlle 15450 I have reverted this page to its most accurate and dignified version. To the editor who recently changed everything here @Cabbage, If you must re-edit something, I suggest starting with your own decorum. Now, do run along and play elsewhere. Please and thank you. 133275 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Major IK Kagame.jpg|alt=Ian, wearing a crisp plaid shirt, stands in a composed yet casual manner, with a dignified air of quiet vigilance; his intriguing eyes scanning his environment behind stylish dark lenses.|thumb|386x386px|Major Ian Kagame]] Ian Kigenza (key: gen/ ZAH/) Kagame (born February 18, 1996) is a Rwandan military officer and public figure, best known as the son of President [[Paul Kagame]] and First Lady [[Jeannette Kagame|Jeannette Nyiramongi Kagame]]. Ian who is a graduate of the [[:en:Royal_Military_Academy_Sandhurst|Royal Military Academy Sandhurst]] in the United Kingdom, serves in the [[Rwanda]] Defense Force as a Major and is an emerging advocate for youth empowerment and national development in Rwanda. == <big>Early Life and Education</big> == Ian Kagame was born on February 18, 1996, in Rwanda, into the notable family of [[Paul Kagame]], a military strategist who was one of the principal figures in putting an end to the 1994 Rwanda genocide and restoring peace to the once tumultuous nation, and is currently the President of Rwanda having served in that capacity since 2000, and Dr. [[Jeannette Kagame]], an African fashion icon, philanthropist and advocate for women's and children's rights. Growing up during a pivotal era in Rwanda's recovery and growth, Ian was instilled with values of resilience, service and patriotism from an early age. Ian pursued his primary education at Green Hills Academy, in [[Kigali]] before transferring to Deerfield Academy in Massachusetts, US, an independent college-preparatory school, and subsequently pursued his higher education at top-tier institutions, such as Williams College, where he thrived in sports, and led his team to victory in his capacity as Track and Field Captain and Soccer Captain. In 2021 he enrolled at the [[:en:Royal_Military_Academy_Sandhurst|Royal Military Academy Sandhurst]], ultimately graduating on the 22nd August, 2022, and was commissioned to the rank of 2nd lieutenant at the eponymous ceremony. == <big>Career</big> == Upon completing his tertiary education and military training, Ian chose to serve his country in its Defence Forces, where his discipline, determination, and healthy deference to authority figures saw him rise up the ranks to major. While he maintains a relatively low public profile, Ian has been known to be involved in sporting activities and charitable initiatives aimed at fostering youth empowerment and development in the rural and peri-urban localities of Rwanda. == Athletic Exploits == In consonance with his passion for physical exercise, keeping fit and his natural athleticism, Ian participates in a wide array of sports. During his time at Williams College,[https://williamsrecord.com/33345/sports/captains-corner-ian-kagame-19/] he excelled in track and field, particularly in high jump, achieving personal bests and numerous top finishes at regional championships. Ian's athletic prowess and constructive competitive drive transcended the high jump pit as he ventured into soccer, playing for the Williams College men's team and representing Rwanda on some occasions at the international level with the [[Rwanda football|Rwanda U-20 football team]]. Also, demonstrating that he possesses both brains and brawn, Ian who played as a Point Guard on his high school basketball team, was said to be a cerebral force in game strategy, working closely with coaches to craft sagacious blueprints before games; he often helped devise the team's offensive coordination, defensive formulae and psychological warfare approach. Ian's mental agility and strategic finesse often played a key part in helping lead his team to numerous victories, proving that he is so much more than his strapping physique and robust masculinity...[https://worldathletics.org/athletes/united-states/ian-kagame-14759906] Despite being athletically gifted, and having received draft offers to play professionally in basketball leagues, Ian's military career remains his foremost professional commitment and takes precedence over any other vocation. Nonetheless, sports have played a pivotal role in positively shaping his character, demonstrating perseverance, team spirit, and indisputable leadership qualities. [[Dosiye:Magia de basquete 2020s.webm|center|426x426px]] {| class="wikitable mw-collapsible" |+ !SPORT !INSTITUTION/TEAM !DURATION !KEY ACHIEVEMENTS !ADDITIONAL NOTES |- |High Jump |Williams College |2016 - 2019 |Personal Best: 2.01 meters (6' 7<nowiki>''</nowiki>) on April 21, 2019.[https://worldathletics.org/athletes/united-states/ian-kagame-14759906] Multiple top finishes in Regional Competitions, including: 1st place at Little Three Indoor T&F Championship (Jan 16, 2016) with a jump of 1.82 m (5<nowiki>'11.5''</nowiki>). 2nd place at NESCAC Outdoor Track and Field Championships (April 30, 2016) with a jump of 1.93 m (6<nowiki>' 4''</nowiki>). 4th place at NESCAC Track & Field Championships (April 29, 2017) with a jump of 1.88 m (6<nowiki>' 2''</nowiki>). Teammates with a stellar jav thrower. |Despite not always securing first place, Ian showed consistent progress throughout his time in the sport.[https://worldathletics.org/athletes/united-states/ian-kagame-14759906] |- |Track and Field |Williams College |2016 - 2019 |Specialized in all segments of this sport - with consistent performance improvements over his collegiate career. * 400m Dash: Personal best of 57.23 seconds. * 400m Hurdles: Personal best of 1:05.82. * Long Jump: Personal best of 5.43 meters (17'9.75<nowiki>''</nowiki>). |Ian developed skills from his basketball background, and demonstrated athletic versatility. |- |Soccer |Williams College |2018 |Appeared in 8 games during the 2018 season. Started on Senior Day against Bowdoin College.[https://ephsports.williams.edu/sports/mens-soccer/roster/ian-kagame/3260] Ian was recognized as a senior leader and mentor to younger players, and honoured with the 'Matthew H. Stauffer '96 Memorial Award.' |Played as a Defender/Midfielder (D/M)[https://ephsports.williams.edu/sports/mens-soccer/roster/2018]. Contributed significantly to the team's game plans and its overall charismatic appeal and social magnetism market value. |- |National Representation |Rwanda U-20 Football Team |2018 June 16, 2024 |Debut match against Morocco at Amahoro stadium in Kigali, marking a significant milestone in international play. As Captain, Ian led the Republican Guard team to their third consecutive RDF Liberation Cup victory, defeating BMTC Nasho 3-0 in the final at Kigali Pelé Stadium.[https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/17716/in-pictures/in-pictures-how-republican-guard-secured-third-consecutive-title-victory?utm_source=chatgpt.com] |Alongside his brother Bryan, Ian represented Rwanda on an international platform, thereby enhancing national sports visibility. The Republican Guard team worked in solidarity, breaking through defensive lines and setting up key plays. With tactical brilliance, Ian orchestrated his team's charge to victory, and he looked mighty fine while doing it. |- |Basketball |Deerfield Academy |2012 -2014 |Ian's active participation and stellar performances in the basketball team during his high school years contributed immensely to raising Deerfield's banner as a pantheon of sporting champions. |Played as a Guard, and contributed to team dynamics and player development. |} == <big>Public Image and Influence</big> == In addition to being admired for his composure, work ethic and intellect; Ian in an understated manner is widely regarded as a sex symbol of sorts having become a popular cultural fixation with a myriad of social media accounts and pages dedicated to him. Profoundly yearned for - his towering height, broad shoulders, shimmering bronze skin, deep cinnamon eyes paired with that disarming gaze, and chiseled jawline are frequently thirsted over as seen the in social networking platforms commentary sections relating to Ian. == <big>Hobbies</big> == On the rare occasion that Major Ian Kagame has spare time, and isn't answering the call of duty, it is said he enjoys watching football, his favourite clubs being [[:en:APR_F.C.|APR F.C.]] and [[:en:Manchester_United_F.C.|Manchester United F.C.]] An avid connoisseur of the Arts and Literature, Major Kagame collects rare books and first editions of notable literary publications, as well as artifacts and antiques with profound historical significance from around the world. Ostensibly - African curios, Asian and Latin American cultural relics comprising objects such as ceramics, pottery, intricately woven tapestries and small musical instruments such as the Ocarina, Xun and Charango. It has also been speculated that he composes music, an interest he took up in his latter childhood. In his teenage years, Ian cultivated a personal interest in the culinary arts, informally undertaking classes to hone his craft. Among his favoured pastimes is cooking traditional Rwandan meals for family and friends, with his hallmark dishes being ''Agatogo, Akabenz'' and ''Isombe''. Beyond the hearth, he also dabbles in the ''glacerie'' arts and is regarded as something of a maestro barista. His signature indulgences include a ''Caramel Shortbread Gelato'', a ''Mocha au Pistachio Verrine'', and his much-praised ''Affogato al Caffè Royale.'' Bird watching, photography, classical painting, introspective journaling and of course community service monopolize much of Ian's leisure time. == <big>Personal Life</big> == Ian is a devout Christian, and from an early age, he expressed a wish to join the clergy, having long revered those who devoted their lives to spiritual service; this wish was only subordinate to his fascination with the army and his altruistic desire to serve his community militarily. His steadfast commitment to faith is said to be reflected in daily practices such as Bible reading and mindful meditation, disciplines to which he credits much of his enduring optimism. He has three siblings: Ivan, a neoteric venture capitalist noted for his prescient and forward-thinking approach to investment; Ange, a stunningly gorgeous policy strategist whose administrative acumen lends depth and a novel perspective to decision-making; and Bryan, a stalwart soldier also serving in the Rwanda Defence Forces, respected for his judicious mentality and unwavering commitment to service. Ian is a doting uncle to his beloved nieces, and a trustworthy friend to those in his inner circle. [[Dosiye:A Happy Family..jpg|frame|Ian with his close-knit family.]] == <big>Legacy</big> == As the son of one of Africa's most influential leaders, Ian is extraordinary in the sense that while he is simultaneously fulfilling his civic duty by following in his father's grand footsteps of patriotic leadership, picking up the mantle, he is also concomitantly carving a unique path for himself as an aspiring artist, athlete and filmmaker. Beyond the military precision and dazzling good looks, Ian harbors a tender heart for his country and its people. His life's work thus far has been dedicated to ensuring Rwanda continues to flourish as a beacon of resilience, innovation and unity.<references responsive="" /> 5d5w32blp194dtgmazqt98l2qnqghaj 0 13454 133278 126353 2026-06-27T08:39:54Z Igiraneza Divine 15375 Impinduka 133278 wikitext text/x-wiki Angel Mutoni ni umunyarwandakazi w'umusizi, umuririmbyi n'umwanditsi w'indirimbo, akora umuziki wo munjyana ivanze ya RnB/Pop ndetse na Afrobeat. Akaba atuye mu mujyi wa [[Kigali]], mu gihugu cy'u [[Rwanda]].<ref>[1] [https://hiphopafrican.com/angell-mutoni/ Angell Mutoni - HiphopAfrican]</ref> == Amavu n'amavuko y'inganzo == Mutoni akiri umwana yakuze abona se ari umuhanzi, ku myaka ye 10 yatangiye kujya yandika inkuru ngufi akaba ariho nyuma yakuye impano yo kwandika indirimbo, mu buto bwe hari igihe se yamujyanaga mu nzu ye itunganya umuziki akajya amwigisha iby'ibanze kuri muzika, bikaba byaramubereye imbarutso imuvuburamo urukundo afitiye umuziki. <ref name=":0">[2] [https://profileability.com/angell-mutoni/ Angell Mutoni - Profileability]</ref> == Ibihe bitandukanye mu muziki == * Yafashe insakasamajwi bwa mbere yiga mu mashuri yisumbuye mu gitaramo cy'ikigo. * Mu mwaka wa 2011 nyuma yo gusoza amashuri yisumbuye yahise asohora indirimbo ye ya mbere itunganyije neza muri studio.<ref name=":0" /> == Amarushanwa n'ibitaramo bikomeye yitabiriye == * Mu mwaka wa 2014 yataramiye abakunzi b'umuziki we mu gitaramo cyitwa Doadoa: East African Perfoming Arts Market i Jinja muri Uganda. * Yitabiriiye irushanwa rya RFI Prix Decouverte mu mwaka wa 2016, agira amahirwe yo kuba umwe mu baryitabiriye ba mbere 10.<ref name=":0" /> == Imbuga nkoranyambaga akoresha == FACEBOOK: [https://www.facebook.com/angellmutonimusic Angell Mutoni Music]  TWITTER: [https://twitter.com/AngellMutoniRw @AngellMutoniRw] INSTAGRAM: [https://www.instagram.com/angellmutoni.rw/ @angellmutoni.rw] EMAIL: [mailto:&#x20;Angellmutonimusic@gmail.com angellmutonimusic@gmail.com] == AMASHAKIRO; == <references /> raedvfx9qt0cqv6ammb5yqj4he2ul2r 0 13753 133260 122451 2026-06-26T15:03:31Z B.Scalling 15089 gukosora imyandikire 133260 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:VirungaPeaks2013.png|thumb| [[Ikirunga cya Muhabura|Muhabura]], [[Ikirunga cya Gahinga|Gahinga]], [[Ikirunga cya Karisimbi|Karisimbi]], [[Ikirunga cya Sabyinyo|Sabyinyo]] na Mikeno|325x325px]] '''Imisozi ya Virunga''' (izwi kandi ku izina rya '''Mufumbiro''' <ref name="britannica"><cite class="citation web cs1"><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="207">[http://www.britannica.com/place/Virunga-Mountains "Virunga Mountains &#x7C; Location, Description, & Facts"].</span></cite></ref> ) ni urunigi [[Ikirunga|rw'ibirunga]] muri [[Afurika]] y'iburasirazuba, ku rubibe rw'amajyaruguru y'u [[Rwanda]], [[Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo]] (DRC), na [[Ubugande|Uganda]] . Imisozi ni ishami ryimisozi ya Albertine Rift, ihana imbibi nishami ryiburengerazuba bwa Rift ya Afrika yuburasirazuba .[https://web.archive.org/web/20081003023434/http://gorilla.cd/] [[Dosiye:Mount Mikeno – Virunga National Park.jpg|thumb]] Imisozi igizwe n'ibirunga umunani bikomeye. Ibyinshi muribyo byarasinziriye, usibye umusozi wa nyiragongo 3,462 metres (11,358 ft) [[Ikirunga cya Nyamuragira|n'umusozi wa Nyamuragira]] 3,063 metres (10,049 ft), byombi muri DRC. Iruka rya vuba ryabaye mu 2006, 2010 na Gicurasi 2021. [[Ikirunga cya Karisimbi|Umusozi wa Karisimbi]] ni ikirunga kinini kuri 4,507 metres (14,787 ft) . Umusozi wa kera cyane ni [[Ikirunga cya Sabyinyo|umusozi wa Sabyinyo]], uzamuka 3,634 metres (11,923 ft) hejuru yinyanja. Imisozi ya Virunga niho hari [[Ingagi zo mu birunga|ingagi zo mu misozi]] zibangamiwe cyane, zanditswe ku rutonde rutukura rwa [[Abishyize Hamwe Bashinzwe Kubungabunga Isi|IUCN]] rw’ibinyabuzima bigenda byangirika bitewe no gutakaza aho gutura, guhinga, indwara, n'intambara (Butynski et al. 2003). ikigo cy'ubushakashatsi cya karisoke, cyashinzwe na [[Dian Fossey]] cyo kureba [[ingagi]] aho batuye, giherereye ku musozi wa Karisimbi n'umusozi [[Ikirunga cya Bisoke|wa Bisoke]] . == Urutonde rwimisozi miremire mumisozi ya Virunga == {| class="wikitable" ! style="background-color:#ABCDEF;" |Izina ry'umusozi ! style="background-color:#ABCDEF;" | Aho biherereye ! style="background-color:#ABCDEF;" | Uburebure muri metero ! style="background-color:#ABCDEF;" | Uburebure mu birenge |- ! [[Ikirunga cya Karisimbi|Umusozi Karisimbi]] | [[Rwanda]] / [[Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo|DRC]] | 4,507 | 14.790 |- ! Umusozi Mikeno | DRC | 4.437 | 14.560 |- ! [[Ikirunga cya Muhabura|Umusozi Muhabura]] | Rwanda / [[Ubugande|Uganda]] | 4,127 | 13.540 |- ! [[Ikirunga cya Bisoke|Umusozi Bisoke]] | Rwanda / DRC | 3,711 | 12.180 |- ! [[Ikirunga cya Sabyinyo|Umusozi Sabyinyo]] | U Rwanda / Uganda / DRC | 3,674 | 12.050 |- ! [[Ikirunga cya Gahinga|Umusozi wa Gahinga]] | Rwanda / Uganda | 3,474 | 11.400 |- ! Umusozi wa Nyiragongo | DRC | 3,470 | 11.400 |- ! [[Ikirunga cya Nyamuragira|Umusozi Nyamuragira]] | DRC | 3.058 | 10.031 |- |} == Parike z'igihugu == * [[Dosiye:Lake Mutanda and Virunga Mountains.jpg|thumb]][[Pariki y’Ibirunga ya Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo|Parike y'igihugu ya Virunga]], [[Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo]] * [[Pariki y’Igihugu y’Ibirunga|Pariki y'ibirunga]], [[Rwanda|u Rwanda]] * Mgahinga Gorilla National Park, [[Ubugande|Uganda]] == Mu muco == * [[Igitabo]] cya Michael Crichton ''Congo'' gishyizwe ahanini mukarere ka Virunga. * ''Ingagi mu gihu'', hamwe n'igitabo cy'izina rimwe, byerekana umurimo n'urupfu rwa primatologue [[Dian Fossey]] . Inkambi yakoreragamo, Ikigo cy’ubushakashatsi cya Karisoke, iracyari mu misozi ya Virunga. == Reba == {{Reflist}} a1rakhxldhdfzliloabfljtakj3hztb 0 14584 133277 127510 2026-06-27T08:37:13Z Igiraneza Divine 15375 Impinduka 133277 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tuyishimire Angelique''' ni umunyarwandakazi akaba  umukinnyi w’umupira w’amaguru wabigize umwuga, akaba akinira ikipe y’[[Umugore|abagore]] muri shampiyona y'icyiciro cya Kabiri mu mupira w’abagore mu [[Rwanda]] akaba akinira [[YOUVIA WFC]] akaba yarayifashije kuzamuka akayizana muri shampiyona y'icyiciro cya mbere ategurwa na [[FERWAFA|Ferwafa]], [[Ishyirahamwe ry’Umupira w’Amaguru mu Rwanda|Ishirahamwe ry’umupira w’amaguru mu Rwanda]].<ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/imikino-11/football/article/iminsi-ibiri-irashize-tuyishimire-angelique-ari-muri-koma-nyuma-yo-kunanirwa-kwakira-gutsindwa</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://byoseonline.rw/kigali-abakinnyi-bane-bananiwe-kwakira-insinzwi-bajyanwa-chuk-umwe-ari-muri-koma/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=kigali-abakinnyi-bane-bananiwe-kwakira-insinzwi-bajyanwa-chuk-umwe-ari-muri-koma |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-03-02 |archive-date=2023-03-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230302133440/https://byoseonline.rw/kigali-abakinnyi-bane-bananiwe-kwakira-insinzwi-bajyanwa-chuk-umwe-ari-muri-koma/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=kigali-abakinnyi-bane-bananiwe-kwakira-insinzwi-bajyanwa-chuk-umwe-ari-muri-koma |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://igihe.com/imikino/football/article/tuyishimire-wagiye-muri-koma-kubera-gutsindwa-kw-ikipe-ye-amerewe-ate</ref><ref>http://www.isimbi.rw/siporo/article/iminsi-3-umukinnyi-w-umunyarwanda-ari-muri-koma-kubera-gutsindwa</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://umuryango.rw/index.php?page=print&id_article=61105 |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-03-02 |archive-date=2023-03-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230302125023/https://umuryango.rw/index.php?page=print&id_article=61105 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.umuringa.net/author/alpha/page/40/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-03-02 |archive-date=2023-03-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230302145059/https://www.umuringa.net/author/alpha/page/40/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://inyarwanda.com/inkuru/114521/nyuma-yo-kunanirwa-kuzamuka-mu-cyiciro-cya-mbere-itsinzwe-na-kayonza-wfc-umukinnyi-wa-youv-114521.html</ref><ref>https://allafrica.com/stories/201201300111.html</ref><ref>https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/66798/National/six-rwandans-lined-up-for-heart-surgery-in-sudan</ref><ref>https://www.thechoicelive.com/wa-mukinnyi-wa-youvia-wfc-waguye-muri-koma-kubera-gutsindwa-yavuye-muri-koma</ref> === '''AMASHAKIRO;''' === [[Ikiciro:Siporo]] [[Ikiciro:Abakinnyi ba siporo]] j6cm1jtrf016f8s6u1czo3u9h0hvo3n 0 16049 133273 129922 2026-06-26T18:49:40Z Igiraneza Divine 15375 Impinduka 133273 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Yannick Bangala Litomba''',(yavutse taliki ya 14 Mata 1994) i [[Kinshasa]], ni umukinnyi ukina [[umupira w'amaguru]] wa[[Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo|Repuburika Iharanaira Demokarasi ya congo]]. Akina nka myugariro cyangwa umukinnyi wo hagati urinda izamu, kuri ubu akinira Young Africans . <ref>https://www.ippmedia.com/en/sport/yanga%E2%80%99s-tainted-euphoria-yannick-bangala-and-pain-bungled-penalty%C2%A0</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.thecitizen.co.tz/tanzania/news/sports/who-will-win-best-player-award--3871940 |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-04-06 |archive-date=2023-02-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230202170139/https://www.thecitizen.co.tz/tanzania/news/sports/who-will-win-best-player-award--3871940 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://www.ippmedia.com/en/sport/mexime-bangala-deserves-202122-premier-league-best-player-prize</ref><ref>https://northafricapost.com/32603-drc-4-congolese-soccer-players-flee-in-canoe-to-sign-contracts-in-morocco.html</ref><ref>https://www.ippmedia.com/en/sport/coach%20nabi-explains-change-bangala%E2%80%99s-position</ref><ref>https://www.brila.net/africas-expensive-player-bakambu-leads-dr-congo-squad-super-eagles-friendly/</ref><ref>https://www.ippmedia.com/en/sport/yangas-trio-set-miss-2022-mapinduzi-cup-tourney</ref> == UBUZIMA == Hamwe no gutoranya Abanyekongo batarengeje imyaka 20, yitabiriye igikombe cy’ibihugu by’Africa cyo muri 2013 cyateguwe muri [[Aligeriya|Alijeriya]] . Hamwe n’abatoranijwe nyamukuru, yaje kwitabira amarushanwa y’ibihugu bya Afurika muri 2014 na 2016 . [[Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo]] yatsindiye ku nshuro ya 2016 yabereye mu [[Rwanda]], itsinze Mali ku mukino wa nyuma n'amanota 3-0. == IBIHEMBO == * Uwatsinze Shampiyona y’ibihugu by’Afurika muri 2016 hamwe n’ikipe ya [[Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo]] == AMASHAKIRO; == [[Ikiciro:Umukinnyi wa Congo]] rcvpfjq8evtaix4jqbr7qt6kq3z3bwk 0 16051 133274 94609 2026-06-26T18:51:07Z Igiraneza Divine 15375 Impinduka 133274 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ngabu Yannick Bapupa''' (yavutse Ku ya 21 Mutarama 1982) yahoze ari umukinnyi ukina [[umupira w'amaguru]] ukomoka muri congo i [[Kinshasa]] ( [[Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo]], ahahoze ari Zayire). Yakinaga nk'umukinnyi wo hagati . == UBUZIMA == Yatojwe mu ikipe ya AS Vita , Bapupa yari afite imyaka makumyabiri(20) ubwo yimukiye muri [[Suwede]] . Ku ya 5 Ugushyingo 2009 , yiyandikishije mu shampiyona eshatu hamwe na Kalmar FF , batwaye shampiyona w'igihugu muri 2008 nu mwanya 4 m'umwaka ushize. Umubare w'amafaranga yimuwe noneho ubarirwa kuri miliyoni 4 SEK, hiyongereyeho igihembo cyo gusinya kingana na miliyoni 1.3 mu SEK . Nyuma yiminsi icumi ageze i Småland ( 5Ku ya 15 Ugushyingo 2009 ), uyu mukinnyi yatawe muri yombi azira gufata ku ngufu umukobwa w’imyaka 18 i Gävle <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.afriqueredaction.com/article-foot-suede-yannick-bapupa-arrete-pour-viol-40071738.html |title=Yannick Bapupa arrêté pour viol |access-date=2023-04-06 |archive-date=2013-12-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131215115637/http://www.afriqueredaction.com/article-foot-suede-yannick-bapupa-arrete-pour-viol-40071738.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> mu birori byihariye byateguwe ejo bundi . Bimaze kumenyekana kuri polisi (muri 2007, yakatiwe amasaha 90 yo gukora umuganda n’ihazabu y’amafaranga 40 000 mu SEK kubera gukubita mugenzi we ), Bapupa yakatiwe igifungo cy’imyaka ibiri. Ku ya 12 Werurwe 2010 , kimwe no kwishyura indishyi zingana na 85 000 muSEK ku wahohotewe, ariko aratoroka yirukanwa . yarekuwe Ku ya 7 Kamena 2011 , Kalmar ntashaka kugarura kumasezerano yasheshwe Ku ya 14 Mata 2010 , amasaha make nyuma y'ubujurire bwe bwanzwe n'Urukiko rw'Ikirenga rwa [[Suwede]] . Mu masezerano yagiranye na SFF, iyi kipe ntabwo isabwa kwishyura umushahara wumukinnyi utarigeze akina kumugaragaro amabara ye. Ku rundi ruhande, Bapupa agumana igihembo cye cyo gusinya . Ubu nta masezerano, asa naho yiyemeje gukomeza umwuga we nk'uko byatangajwe n'umukozi we Innocent Okeke . Uwahoze ari perezida muri Gefle IF, [[Leif Lindstrand]], aratangaza ku ruhande rwe ko adateganya kugaruka ku Banyekongo muri iyi kipe aho yamaze ibihe bine <ref> [https://svenskfotboll.se/allsvenskan/fotbolldirekt-nyhet/?cid=32844 Idem]</ref> . == IBIHEMBO == * shampiyona wa Suwede : 2002, 2003 * Igikombe cya Suwede : 2002, 2004 * Umukinnyi mwiza w'igikombe cya Suwede : 2005, [[Coupe de Suède de football 2006|2006]] == AMASHAKIRO; == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Umukinnyi wa Congo]] 25pugdq0u284259wjurt4a8z1h1kkxb 133276 133274 2026-06-27T08:33:32Z Igiraneza Divine 15375 Impinduka 133276 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ngabu Yannick Bapupa''' (yavutse Ku ya 21 Mutarama 1982) yahoze ari umukinnyi ukina [[umupira w'amaguru]] ukomoka muri Kongo i [[Kinshasa]] ( [[Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo]], ahahoze ari Zayire). Yakinaga nk'umukinnyi wo hagati . == UBUZIMA == Yatojwe mu ikipe ya AS Vita , Bapupa yari afite imyaka makumyabiri(20) ubwo yimukiye muri [[Suwede]] . Ku ya 5 Ugushyingo 2009 , yiyandikishije muri shampiyona eshatu hamwe na Kalmar FF , batwaye shampiyona y'igihugu muri 2008 nu mwanya 4 m'umwaka ushize. Umubare w'amafaranga yimuwe noneho abarirwa kuri miliyoni 4 SEK, hiyongereyeho igihembo cyo gusinya kingana na miliyoni 1.3 mu SEK . Nyuma yiminsi icumi ageze i Småland ( 5Ku ya 15 Ugushyingo 2009 ), uyu mukinnyi yatawe muri yombi azira gufata ku ngufu umukobwa w’imyaka 18 i Gävle <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.afriqueredaction.com/article-foot-suede-yannick-bapupa-arrete-pour-viol-40071738.html |title=Yannick Bapupa arrêté pour viol |access-date=2023-04-06 |archive-date=2013-12-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131215115637/http://www.afriqueredaction.com/article-foot-suede-yannick-bapupa-arrete-pour-viol-40071738.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> mu birori byihariye byateguwe ejo bundi . Bimaze kumenyekana kuri polisi (muri 2007, yakatiwe amasaha 90 yo gukora umuganda n’ihazabu y’amafaranga 40 000 mu SEK kubera gukubita mugenzi we), Bapupa yakatiwe igifungo cy’imyaka ibiri. Ku ya 12 Werurwe 2010 , kimwe no kwishyura indishyi zingana na 85 000 muSEK ku wahohotewe, ariko aratoroka yirukanwa. Yarekuwe Ku ya 7 Kamena 2011 , Kalmar ntashaka kugarura kY masezerano yasheshwe Ku ya 14 Mata 2010 , amasaha make nyuma y'ubujurire bwe bwanzwe n'Urukiko rw'Ikirenga rwa [[Suwede]] . Mu masezerano yagiranye na SFF, iyi kipe ntabwo isabwa kwishyura umushahara wumukinnyi utarigeze akina ku mugaragaro amabara ye. Ku rundi ruhande, Bapupa agumana igihembo cye cyo gusinya. Ubu nta masezerano, asa naho yiyemeje gukomeza umwuga we nk'uko byatangajwe n'umukozi we Innocent Okeke. Uwahoze ari perezida muri Gefle IF, [[Leif Lindstrand]], aratangaza ku ruhande rwe ko adateganya kugaruka ku Banyekongo muri iyi kipe aho yamaze ibihe bine <ref> [https://svenskfotboll.se/allsvenskan/fotbolldirekt-nyhet/?cid=32844 Idem]</ref> . == IBIHEMBO == * shampiyona wa Suwede : 2002, 2003 * Igikombe cya Suwede : 2002, 2004 * Umukinnyi mwiza w'igikombe cya Suwede : 2005, [[Coupe de Suède de football 2006|2006]] == AMASHAKIRO; == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Umukinnyi wa Congo]] 0cqqobarc0p4rtrsvkyeb6v8qz45xon 0 17138 133279 127888 2026-06-27T08:41:22Z Igiraneza Divine 15375 Impinduka 133279 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Harmony Umwali.jpg|thumb|umwali angelique]] Umwali Angelique ni umunrwandakazi akaba ari umugore,n'umuyobozi wungirije ushinzwe iterambere ry’ubukungu mu [[Akarere ka Bugesera|Karere ka Bugesera]],<ref>https://www.isangostar.rw/hamuristwe-ikarita-igaragaza-ahari-kariyeri-hose</ref><ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/amakuru/amakuru-mu-rwanda/article/bugesera-basubijeho-komite-nyobozi-yari-isanzweho-kuko-bakiyifitiye-icyizere</ref>, akaba amaze manda ebyiri ayobora Akarere .<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://umuseke.rw/2023/06/apostle-dr-paul-gitwaza-yohereje-ubutumwa-vice-mayor-wa-bugesera-arahanura-ibyaranze-igiterane-cya-zion-temple-ntarama-amafoto/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-08-08 |archive-date=2023-08-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230810225239/https://umuseke.rw/2023/06/apostle-dr-paul-gitwaza-yohereje-ubutumwa-vice-mayor-wa-bugesera-arahanura-ibyaranze-igiterane-cya-zion-temple-ntarama-amafoto/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://www.isangostar.rw/hamuristwe-ikarita-igaragaza-ahari-kariyeri-hose</ref><ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/amakuru/amakuru-mu-rwanda/article/bugesera-basubijeho-komite-nyobozi-yari-isanzweho-kuko-bakiyifitiye-icyizere</ref> [[Dosiye:Bugesera district map.jpg|center|thumb|Akarere ka Bugesera, aho Angelique ari umuyobozi wungirije ushinzwe iterambere n'ubukungu]] == AMASHAKIRO; == [[Ikiciro:Afurika]] [[Ikiciro:Rwanda]] [[Ikiciro:Umuyobozi]] [[Ikiciro:Imibereho myiza]] [[Ikiciro:Ubuzima Bwiza]] ihe5wgjvtgecj0t0g3ccpttko85tuw9 133280 133279 2026-06-27T08:42:13Z Igiraneza Divine 15375 Impinduka 133280 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Harmony Umwali.jpg|thumb|umwali angelique]] Umwali Angelique ni umunyarwandakazi akaba ari umugore, ndetse ni umuyobozi wungirije ushinzwe iterambere ry’ubukungu mu [[Akarere ka Bugesera|Karere ka Bugesera]],<ref>https://www.isangostar.rw/hamuristwe-ikarita-igaragaza-ahari-kariyeri-hose</ref><ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/amakuru/amakuru-mu-rwanda/article/bugesera-basubijeho-komite-nyobozi-yari-isanzweho-kuko-bakiyifitiye-icyizere</ref>, akaba amaze manda ebyiri ayobora Akarere .<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://umuseke.rw/2023/06/apostle-dr-paul-gitwaza-yohereje-ubutumwa-vice-mayor-wa-bugesera-arahanura-ibyaranze-igiterane-cya-zion-temple-ntarama-amafoto/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-08-08 |archive-date=2023-08-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230810225239/https://umuseke.rw/2023/06/apostle-dr-paul-gitwaza-yohereje-ubutumwa-vice-mayor-wa-bugesera-arahanura-ibyaranze-igiterane-cya-zion-temple-ntarama-amafoto/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://www.isangostar.rw/hamuristwe-ikarita-igaragaza-ahari-kariyeri-hose</ref><ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/amakuru/amakuru-mu-rwanda/article/bugesera-basubijeho-komite-nyobozi-yari-isanzweho-kuko-bakiyifitiye-icyizere</ref> [[Dosiye:Bugesera district map.jpg|center|thumb|Akarere ka Bugesera, aho Angelique ari umuyobozi wungirije ushinzwe iterambere n'ubukungu]] == AMASHAKIRO; == [[Ikiciro:Afurika]] [[Ikiciro:Rwanda]] [[Ikiciro:Umuyobozi]] [[Ikiciro:Imibereho myiza]] [[Ikiciro:Ubuzima Bwiza]] 15h3eyoyy0mmneondsqrd81gofmaf7r 0 22484 133272 130283 2026-06-26T18:48:07Z Igiraneza Divine 15375 Impinduka 133272 wikitext text/x-wiki == INGABIRE YVONNE == ''Ingabire Yvonne'' ni umunyamakuru w'umunyarwandakazi ukorera Rwanda Broadcasting Agency(RBA), ikigo cya Leta gishinzwe gutangaza amakuru mu Rwanda. Yvonne azwi cyane mu biganiro bya radiyo na Televiziyo, cyane cyane kuri Radio Rwanda na Televiziyo y'u Rwanda(RTV).<ref name=":0">https://yegob.rw/impeshyi-nawe-ntimusiga-akiryama-wenyine-umunyamakuru-wa-rba-ingabire-yvonne-yakorewe-ibirori-byo-gusezera-ubukumi-bridal-shower-amafoto/</ref> == UBUZIMA BWITE == Ku italiki ya 5 Kanama 2023 yashakanye na ''Nkubito Egide.''<ref name=":0" /> == IBIGANIRO == Yakoze kandi akora ibiganiro bitandukanye birimo: Waramutse Rwanda<ref>https://yegob.rw/mu-mafoto-yindobanure-ahogoza-benshi-ihere-ijisho-uburanga-bwumunyamakuru-ingabire-yvonne-wagize-isabukuru-yamavuko-amafoto/</ref>, Umuti, Amahumbezi, ndetse n'ibindi.<ref name=":0" /> == AMASHAKIRO; == 6c8z2ga4szs6fr32cc5g6avydhwuk47 0 22993 133251 2026-06-26T13:10:24Z B.Scalling 15089 gutangiza urupapuro rushya 133251 wikitext text/x-wiki Ikigo Nderabuzima cya Mubuga <ref>[https://www.karongi.gov.rw/soma-ibikurikira/hatashywe-ibigo-nderabuzima HATASHYWE IBIGO NDERABUZIMA]</ref>ni ikigo nderabuzima cya Leta kikaba kimwe mu bigo bitanga serivisi z'ubuvuzi bw'ibanze hagamijwe guteza imbere [[ubuzima]] bw'abaturage no kubafasha kubona ubuvuzi hafi y'aho batuye. Iki kigo gikorana n'ibitaro bireberera ndetse n'abajyanama b'ubuzima kugira ngo serivisi z'ubuvuzi zigere ku baturage mu buryo bunoze<ref name=":0">[https://imvahonshya.co.rw/ikigo-nderabuzima-cya-mubuga-itangazo-ryisoko/ » IKIGO NDERABUZIMA CYA MUBUGA: ITANGAZO RY’ISOKO ImvahoNshya]</ref>. === Aho giherereye === Ikigo Nderabuzima cya Mubuga giherereye mu Murenge wa Mubuga, [[Akarere ka Karongi]], mu [[Intara y'Uburengerazuba|Ntara y'Iburengerazuba]] y'u [[Rwanda]]. Gikorera abaturage bo muri uwo murenge n'abaturutse mu mirenge ituranye, kikaba kiri mu rwego rw'ibigo nderabuzima bitanga ubuvuzi bw'ibanze mbere yo kohereza abarwayi bakeneye ubuvuzi bwisumbuye ku bitaro. === Serivise<ref name=":0" /> === [[Ikigo nderabuzima|Ikigo Nderabuzima]] cya Mubuga gitanga serivisi zitandukanye z'ubuvuzi bw'ibanze zirimo: * Ubufasha bwo gusuzuma no kuvura indwara zisanzwe. * Serivisi z'ubuzima bw'[[umubyeyi n'umwana]], zirimo kwita ku batwite, kubyaza no gukurikirana abana nyuma yo kuvuka. * Gahunda yo gukingira abana n'abakuru indwara zikingirwa. * Serivisi zo kuboneza urubyaro n'ubujyanama ku buzima bw'imyororokere. * Isuzumabumenyi rya laboratwari mu gufasha abaganga gusuzuma indwara. * Gutanga imiti ku barwayi hakurikijwe amabwiriza y'abaganga. * Gupima no gukurikirana [[Indwara y'Umusonga|indwara]] zidakira nk'umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso na diyabete. == Amashakiro == iggv1i8nlrjwzhvhwd0is8pvr7uzb8b 0 22994 133252 2026-06-26T13:34:52Z B.Scalling 15089 gutangiza urupapuro 133252 wikitext text/x-wiki '''[[Ikigo nderabuzima|Ikigo Nderabuzima]] cya Cor Unum'''<ref name=":0">https://www.nyarugenge.gov.rw/soma-ibindi/habaye-ubugenzuzi-bwisuku-ku-kigo-nderabuzima-cya-cor-unu</ref> ni ikigo nderabuzima giherereye mu [[Umurenge wa Kimisagara|Murenge wa Kimisagara]], [[Akarere ka Nyarugenge]], mu [[Umujyi wa Kigali|Mujyi wa Kigali,]] u [[Rwanda]]. Ni kimwe mu bigo nderabuzima bikorana n'[[Ibitaro bya Muhima]] mu gutanga serivisi z'ubuvuzi bw'ibanze ku baturage. === Amateka === [[IKIGO NDERABUZIMA CYA MUNYIGINYA|Ikigo Nderabuzima]] cya Cor Unum <ref>[https://m.imvahonshya.co.rw/ikigo-nderabuzima-cya-cor-unum-kimisagara-isoko-ryo-gukora-isuku-nisukura-kugura-no-kugemura-ibikoresho-byo-mu-biro-nibyikoranabuhanga-isoko-ryo-kugemura-ibiryo-mu-gihe-cyiminsi-mikuru-ir/ » Ikigo Nderabuzima cya COR UNUM KIMISAGARA: Isoko ryo gukora isuku n’isukura, kugura no kugemura ibikoresho byo mu biro n’iby’ikoranabuhanga, isoko ryo kugemura ibiryo mu gihe cy’iminsi mikuru, iryo kugemura semi cuir zo gufunika matelas z’abarwayi… ImvahoNshya]</ref>cyashyizweho hagamijwe kwegereza abaturage serivisi z'ubuvuzi no kugabanya intera bajyaga bakora bagana kwa muganga. Gikorana n'Ibitaro bya Muhima mu rwego rw'ubuvuzi bw'ibanze. === Serivisi zihatangirwa === Iki kigo gitanga serivisi zirimo<ref name=":0" />: * Kwivuza [[Indwara Ya Kanseri|indwara]] rusange * Serivisi z'ubuzima bw'umubyeyi n'umwana * Gukurikirana inda no kubyaza * Gukingira [[Umwana|abana]] * Gahunda yo [[Kuboneza Urubyaro|kuboneza urubyaro]] * Gupima no kuvura indwara zandura n'izitandura * Laboratwari n'itangwa ry'imiti. ===== Imikorere ===== Ikigo Nderabuzima cya [[Çorum|Cor Unum]] kiri mu muyoboro w'ibigo nderabuzima bikurikiranwa n'[[Ibitaro bya Muhima|Ibitaro bya Muhima.]] Gikorana n'[[abajyanama b'ubuzima]] n'inzego z'ibanze mu guteza imbere [[ubuzima]] bw'abaturage. ==== Reba ibindi ==== * [[Ibitaro bya Muhima]] * [[Ubuvuzi mu Rwanda]] == Amashakiro == nh534ywquu91w7afc1m6jrvg7g7dp4o 0 22995 133253 2026-06-26T13:54:20Z B.Scalling 15089 Created page with "Ikigo Nderabuzima cya Yove<ref name=":0">[https://umuryango.rw/ubuzima-115/article/nyamasheke-ikigo-nderabuzima-cya-yove-kigiye-kongererwa-ubushobozi-mu Nyamasheke: Ikigo Nderabuzima cya Yove kigiye kongererwa ubushobozi mu (…) - Umuryango.rw]</ref> ni ikigo nderabuzima cya Leta gikora mu rwego rw'ubuvuzi bw'ibanze, kikita ku buzima bw'abaturage bo mu Murenge wa Cyato n'utundi duce tugikikije. == Aho giherereye == [[Ikigo nderabuzima|Ikigo Nderabuzima]] cya Yove gihe..." 133253 wikitext text/x-wiki Ikigo Nderabuzima cya Yove<ref name=":0">[https://umuryango.rw/ubuzima-115/article/nyamasheke-ikigo-nderabuzima-cya-yove-kigiye-kongererwa-ubushobozi-mu Nyamasheke: Ikigo Nderabuzima cya Yove kigiye kongererwa ubushobozi mu (…) - Umuryango.rw]</ref> ni ikigo nderabuzima cya Leta gikora mu rwego rw'ubuvuzi bw'ibanze, kikita ku buzima bw'abaturage bo mu Murenge wa Cyato n'utundi duce tugikikije. == Aho giherereye == [[Ikigo nderabuzima|Ikigo Nderabuzima]] cya Yove giherereye mu Kagari ka Rugari, Umurenge wa Cyato, mu Karere ka [[Akarere ka Nyamasheke|Nyamasheke]]. Gikorana n'ibitaro byo ku rwego rw'akarere mu kohereza abarwayi bakeneye ubuvuzi bwisumbuyeho<ref name=":1">[https://www.webrwanda.com/2025/08/nyamasheke-ikigo-nderabuzima-cya-yove.html Nyamasheke: Ikigo Nderabuzima cya Yove kigiye kongererwa ubushobozi mu korohereza abaturiye Pariki ya Nyungwe - #rwanda #RwOT]</ref>. ==== Serivisi gitanga<ref name=":0" /> ==== Ikigo gitanga serivisi zitandukanye z'ubuvuzi bw'ibanze zirimo<ref name=":2">[https://umusarenews.com/2025/08/21/nyamasheke-ikigo-nderabuzima-cya-yove-kigiye-kuvugururwa-mu-korohereza-abaturiye-pariki-ya-nyungwe/ Nyamasheke: Ikigo Nderabuzima cya Yove kigiye kuvugururwa mu korohereza abaturiye Pariki ya Nyungwe - umusarenews.com]</ref>: * Kuvura indwara zisanzwe. * Serivisi z'ubuzima bw'[[Umubyeyi n'umwana|umubyeyi n'umwana.]] * Gukingira abana n'abakuru hakurikijwe gahunda z'igihugu. * Serivisi zo [[Kuboneza Urubyaro|kuboneza urubyaro.]] * Gupima no gukurikirana [[Indwara Ya Kanseri|indwara zidakira.]] * Gahunda zo [[Kurwanya indwara ziterwa n'umwanda|kurwanya indwara]] zandura no guteza imbere ubuzima rusange. === Ibikorwaremezo<ref name=":2" /> === Mu rwego rwo kunoza serivisi z'ubuzima, Ikigo Nderabuzima cya Yove cyagiye cyongererwa ibikorwaremezo n'ibikoresho bitandukanye. Mu mwaka wa 2023 cyashyikirijwe [[Imbangukira gutabara|imbangukiragutabara]] (ambulance) ifasha gutwara abarwayi bakeneye koherezwa ku bitaro. ====== Uruhare mu iterambere<ref name=":1" /> ====== Ikigo Nderabuzima cya Yove kigira uruhare mu guteza imbere ubuzima bw'abaturage binyuze mu bukangurambaga bwo [[Kwirinde indwara zo mu kanwa n’iz’amenyo|kwirinda indwara]], gahunda z'[[Isuku|isuku n'isukura]], ubukangurambaga bwo gukingira, no gukorana n'[[abajyanama b'ubuzima]]. ==== Reba kandi ==== # [[Ibitaro bya Kibogora]] # [[Minisiteri y’Ubuzima|Minisiteri y'ubuzima(]]Rwanda) # [[Akarere ka Nyamasheke]] == Amashakiro == c8y6ln6n43h57jeyebgjqg1mwv8wbgt 133254 133253 2026-06-26T13:56:35Z B.Scalling 15089 133254 wikitext text/x-wiki Ikigo Nderabuzima cya Yove<ref name=":0">[https://umuryango.rw/ubuzima-115/article/nyamasheke-ikigo-nderabuzima-cya-yove-kigiye-kongererwa-ubushobozi-mu Nyamasheke: Ikigo Nderabuzima cya Yove kigiye kongererwa ubushobozi mu (…) - Umuryango.rw]</ref> ni ikigo nderabuzima cya Leta gikora mu rwego rw'ubuvuzi bw'ibanze, kikita ku buzima bw'abaturage bo mu Murenge wa Cyato n'utundi duce tugikikije. == Aho giherereye == [[Ikigo nderabuzima|Ikigo Nderabuzima]] cya Yove giherereye mu Kagari ka Rugari, Umurenge wa Cyato, mu Karere ka [[Akarere ka Nyamasheke|Nyamasheke]]. Gikorana n'ibitaro byo ku rwego rw'akarere mu kohereza abarwayi bakeneye ubuvuzi bwisumbuyeho<ref name=":1">[https://www.webrwanda.com/2025/08/nyamasheke-ikigo-nderabuzima-cya-yove.html Nyamasheke: Ikigo Nderabuzima cya Yove kigiye kongererwa ubushobozi mu korohereza abaturiye Pariki ya Nyungwe - #rwanda #RwOT]</ref>. ==== Serivisi gitanga<ref name=":0" /> ==== Ikigo gitanga serivisi zitandukanye z'ubuvuzi bw'ibanze zirimo<ref name=":2">[https://umusarenews.com/2025/08/21/nyamasheke-ikigo-nderabuzima-cya-yove-kigiye-kuvugururwa-mu-korohereza-abaturiye-pariki-ya-nyungwe/ Nyamasheke: Ikigo Nderabuzima cya Yove kigiye kuvugururwa mu korohereza abaturiye Pariki ya Nyungwe - umusarenews.com]</ref>: * Kuvura indwara zisanzwe. * Serivisi z'ubuzima bw'[[Umubyeyi n'umwana|umubyeyi n'umwana.]] * Gukingira abana n'abakuru hakurikijwe gahunda z'igihugu. * Serivisi zo [[Kuboneza Urubyaro|kuboneza urubyaro.]] * Gupima no gukurikirana [[Indwara Ya Kanseri|indwara zidakira.]] * Gahunda zo [[Kurwanya indwara ziterwa n'umwanda|kurwanya indwara]] zandura no guteza imbere ubuzima rusange. === Ibikorwaremezo<ref name=":2" /> === Mu rwego rwo kunoza serivisi z'[[ubuzima]], Ikigo Nderabuzima cya Yove cyagiye cyongererwa ibikorwaremezo n'ibikoresho bitandukanye. Mu mwaka wa 2023 cyashyikirijwe [[Imbangukira gutabara|imbangukiragutabara]] (ambulance) ifasha gutwara abarwayi bakeneye koherezwa ku bitaro. ====== Uruhare mu iterambere<ref name=":1" /> ====== Ikigo Nderabuzima cya Yove kigira uruhare mu guteza imbere ubuzima bw'abaturage binyuze mu bukangurambaga bwo [[Kwirinde indwara zo mu kanwa n’iz’amenyo|kwirinda indwara]], gahunda z'[[Isuku|isuku n'isukura]], ubukangurambaga bwo gukingira, no gukorana n'[[abajyanama b'ubuzima]]. ==== Reba kandi ==== # [[Ibitaro bya Kibogora]] # [[Minisiteri y’Ubuzima|Minisiteri y'ubuzima(]]Rwanda) # [[Akarere ka Nyamasheke]] == Amashakiro == 2lukbk5t9kteq841382wqry4cmzswhb 0 22996 133265 2026-06-26T15:20:53Z B.Scalling 15089 B.Scalling moved page [[QUEEN CHA]] to [[Mugemana Yvonne]]: Standardizing article title 133265 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Mugemana Yvonne]] 2kmroagklujl05nmkk4hh0rrxxgat6u