Wikipedia rwwiki https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intangiriro MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.8 first-letter Itangazamakuru Ibidasanzwe Ibiganiro Umukoresha Ibiganiro by'umukoresha Wikipedia Ibiganiro kuri Wikipedia Dosiye Ibiganiro kuri dosiye MediyaWiki Ibiganiro kuri MediyaWiki Inyandikorugero Ibiganiro ku nyandikorugero Ubufasha Ibiganiro ku bufasha Ikiciro Ibiganiro ku byiciro TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 2069 133285 130734 2026-06-27T12:53:58Z B.Scalling 15089 133285 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Kalimbeza Rice field.jpg|thumb|umurima w'umuceri<ref name=":0" />|219x219px]] [[Dosiye:Husked Rice. 03.jpg|thumb|Husked Rice]] [[Dosiye:Husked Rice. 02.jpg|thumb|Husked Rice]] [[Dosiye:Chokuwa rice.jpg|thumb|Chokuwa rice]] [[Dosiye:Kala Namak Rice crop.jpg|thumb|Kala Namak Rice crop]] [[Dosiye:Tabanan-Regency Indonesia Rice-paddies-06.jpg|thumb|Umurima wimuceri]] [[Dosiye:20201102.Hengnan.Hybrid rice Sanyou-1.6.jpg|thumb|Umuceri]] [[Dosiye:White, Brown, Red & Wild rice.jpg|thumb|White, Brown, Red & Wild rice]] [[Dosiye:Bali, Rice fields in the forest, East Bali, Indonesia.jpg|thumb|Bali, Rice fields in the forest, East Bali, Indonesia]] [[Dosiye:Green rice sheaves planted in a paddy field with long shadows at golden hour in Don Det Laos.jpg|thumb|Green rice sheaves planted]] [[Dosiye:Rice planting in Bhutan 01.jpg|thumb|Rice planting ]] [[Dosiye:Rice p1160004.jpg|thumb|Umuceri wumweru]] [[Dosiye:Rice and curry 3.jpg|thumb|Rice]] [[Dosiye:Kala Namak Rice crop.jpg|thumb|Kala Namak Rice crop]] [[Dosiye:Farm rice.jpg|thumb|Farm rice]] [[Dosiye:Gudu Shah Rice farm.jpg|thumb|Farm rice]] [[Dosiye:Rice farm..jpg|thumb|Farm rice]] [[Dosiye:Farmers harvesting rice.jpg|thumb|Gusarura umuceri]] [[Dosiye:Rice farm in Gombe.jpg|thumb|Umurima wimuceri]] [[Dosiye:Farming Of Rice.jpg|thumb|Gutera umuceri]] [[Dosiye:Rice farm 2022.jpg|thumb|Umuceri]] [[Dosiye:Cajun woman hulling rice.jpg|thumb|'''Cajun woman hulling rice''']] [[Dosiye:Rice cleaning in Bama.jpg|thumb|Gusukura umuceri]] [[Dosiye:Ghana, Rural women laying rice out to dry. 01.jpg|thumb|Ghana, Rural women laying rice out to dry]] [[Dosiye:Parboiled rice drying.jpg|thumb|Parboiled rice drying]] [[Dosiye:Rice processing in South East Nigeria12.jpg|thumb|Gutunganya umuceri]] [[Dosiye:Five kg rice bags.jpg|thumb|Five kg rice bags]] [[Dosiye:Raw rice (white).jpg|thumb|Raw rice (white)]] [[Dosiye:Brown rice.jpg|thumb|Brown Rice]] [[Dosiye:Uncooked brown, red and black rice.jpg|thumb|'''Uncooked brown, red and black rice''']] [[Dosiye:Tricolor brown rice.jpg|thumb|'''Tricolor brown rice''']] [[Dosiye:Brown rice 001.jpg|thumb|Brown Rice]] [[Dosiye:Rice business in Tanzania.jpg|thumb|Ubucuruzi bwumuceri]] [[Dosiye:Tranplant-rice-tahiland.JPG|thumb|Tran]] === '''IRIBURIRO''' === [[Dosiye:Man_harvesting_rice_in_Don_Det,_Laos.jpg|thumb|gusarura umuceri|228x228px]] [[File:Koeh-232.jpg|thumb|250px|<span style="color:grey;">''Oryza sativa''</span>]] [[Dosiye:Rice planting in Bhutan 01.jpg|thumb|Ubuhinzi bw'umuceri]] [[Dosiye:Rice In A Bowl.jpg|thumb|Umuceri]]{{Databox|excludeProperties=Q5090}} '''Umuceli''' cyangwa '''Umuceri''' (izina ry’ubumenyi mu [[kilatini]] ''Oryza'') bawutera aho amazi ari mu bibaya, ariko atari mu mugezi hagati. Iyo weze barawusarura, bakawuhura, bakawugosora;umuceli weze neza urererana. Iyo bamaze kuwugosora, bawuhunika mu magunira, bakawubika ahameze neza, ukaba wahamara igihe kirekire utononekaye.<ref name=":0">https://www.radiyoyacuvoa.com/a/mu-rwanda-abahinzi-b-umuceri-mu-bugarama-bari-mu-gihombo/5989217.html</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |url=https://umuseke.rw/2022/07/rusizi-umuceri-udatoneye-ikilo-ni-frw-410-abahinzi-bavuga-ko-bahojejwe-amarira/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-02-26 |archive-date=2023-02-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230226132106/https://umuseke.rw/2022/07/rusizi-umuceri-udatoneye-ikilo-ni-frw-410-abahinzi-bavuga-ko-bahojejwe-amarira/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> '''Aho igihingwa gikunda kwera''': Umuceri ukunda kwera mu bishanga by’uturere dushyuha (tw’imirambi n’imisozi iringaniye), ubushakashatsi bwakozwe ku moko y'umuceri yahingwa imusozi. Umuceri tuza kuvuga ni uhingwa mu butaka bw’ibumba n’ubundi bwose bu­dahitisha amazi.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |url=https://muhaziyacu.rw/amakuru/abahinga-umuceri-i-mishenyi-bamenye-ibanga-ryo-gukoresha-ifumbire/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-02-26 |archive-date=2023-02-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230226133614/https://muhaziyacu.rw/amakuru/abahinga-umuceri-i-mishenyi-bamenye-ibanga-ryo-gukoresha-ifumbire/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> === '''Gutegura umurima''' === Mbere yo gutera umuceri, ni ngombwa kurwanya isuri ku mabanga y’imisozi akikije igishanga kigiye guhingwamo umuceri. Icya kabiri, ubutaka bugomba kuba bumeze neza kugira ngo igihingwa kizakure neza kandi ubutaka buringaniye. Gutegura umurima habamo gutabira no gusanza, kuvanga amazi n’ibyondo no kuringaniza.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" /> [[File:Kanchanaburi, Thailand, Asian rice (Oryza sativa) grass.jpg|thumb|Kanchanaburi, Thailand, Asian rice (Oryza sativa) grass]] Gutegura umurima ni ukuwutunganya kugira ngo uterwemo umuceri. Bikorwa mu byiciro binyuranye: gutabira no gusanza ( inshuro 1 kugeza kuri 2), kuvuruga no kuringaniza (inshuro 2 kugeza kuri 3) umurima kugira ngo umuceri uzamere neza. Iyo mirimo ishobora gukorwa ubutaka bwumutse cyangwa burimo amazi.<ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://rugali.com/tag/umuceri/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-02-26 |archive-date=2023-02-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230226132107/https://rugali.com/tag/umuceri/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://bwiza.com/?Rusizi-Hegitari-nshya-950-zigiye-gutunganywa-mu-kibaya-cy-umuceri-cya-Bugarama</ref> [[Dosiye:Rice p1160004.jpg|thumb|umuceri]] === '''Gutera''' === * '''Gufumbira''' * '''Gutegura imitabo (imirenzo cyangwa udutanda) yo guhumbikamo iteganyirijwe umurima wa m2'''500             Udutanda 3 twa m1 y’ubugari, uburebure = m 6 * Intera iri hagati y’imitabo = cm 40-50 by’inzira ituma bashobora gukoramo isuku * Kuringaniza neza udutabo dukoresheje [[igiti]] cyangwa akabaho. * Gushyiramo ifumbire ya NPK '''gr 12.5 kuri buri m2 1''' cyangwa '''udufuniko 2''' tw’uducupa tuzamo amazi kuko agafuniko 1 kagira gm 6 , ifumbire uhita uyivanga n’igitaka ukoresheje intoki cyangwa ifumbire y’imborera yaboze neza.<ref>https://www.isangostar.rw/bugesera-abahinzi-bumuceri-babangamiwe-namateme-make-mu-mirima-yabo</ref> * '''Gutegura imbuto n’ifumbire (imbuto ziba zimeze gute?, ifumbire ikoreshwa ryari?)''' * '''Kujonjora(gutoranya) no guhungira imbuto''' * Gutoranya imbuto nziza dukoresheje uburyo bwo kuzinika mu mazi menshi iz’ibihuhwe  zikareremba, tukazivanamo. * Inzima zibiye (zagiye) mu mazi nizo zonyine zishyirwa mu muti wa kitazine ufunguye mu gihe cy’amasaha 24. Uwo muti ufungurwa ku buryo bukurikira .<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.inyenyerinews.org/truth-reconciliation/mukankiko-akomeje-kumena-umuceri-w-abandi/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-02-26 |archive-date=2023-02-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230226132112/https://www.inyenyerinews.org/truth-reconciliation/mukankiko-akomeje-kumena-umuceri-w-abandi/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> -Litiro 1 y’amazi + ml 10 z’umuti wa Kitazine cyangwa gm 5 za Beam( udufuniko 5 tw’amacupa ya fanta) -Igerambuto kuri Ha : kg 25-30 cyangwa kg 1.25 – 1.5 kuri m2 500 (boroke). * Nyuma yo kuzikura mu muti, imbuto zigomba kumutswa zakuwe mu mufuka kugira ngo   umuti uzifateho (kumutsa imbuto mbere yo kuzinika mu mazi, bifata igice cy’umunsi)     * Kwinika imbuto mu mazi mu gihe cy’amasaha 48–72 duhindura amazi buri munsi * Gutindikira imbuto zinuwe mu mazi, mu gihe cy’amasaha 24 ahantu hahehereye kugira ngo  zihange (ziseke). <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.amasezerano.com/umuceri-ni-ingenzi-mu-kurinda-indwara-zuruhu/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-02-26 |archive-date=2025-01-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250123070013/https://www.amasezerano.com/umuceri-ni-ingenzi-mu-kurinda-indwara-zuruhu/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> === '''Ibindi:''' === Guhungira imbuto bigira akamaro ko gukingira imbuto uduhumyo dutera indwara nk’indwara yitwa Bakanae cyangwa gukururumba, n’iya Cyumya (Uburima), n’iy’ibidomo by’ikigina (brown spot), n’ifata  impeke ( grain rot). <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://umunsi.com/inkuru-yurupfu-rwumucuranzi-wacurangiraga-israel-mbonyi-yashenguy-benshi-ishimwe-etienne/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-02-26 |archive-date=2023-02-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230226132113/https://umunsi.com/inkuru-yurupfu-rwumucuranzi-wacurangiraga-israel-mbonyi-yashenguy-benshi-ishimwe-etienne/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> * '''Guhumbika''' * '''Igerambuto n’ubucucike bwazo''' • Batera kg 0.15 Kg - 0.2 kuri Ari bitewe n’ubwoko bw’imbuto. * Biba imbuto uzinyanyagiza ku buryo bumwe mu mitabo. '''Guhumbika imbuto z’umuceri mu mitabo''' '''Gutata neza ubuhumbikiro nyuma yo kubiba imbuto mu dutabo/uturenzo''' * Gutwikira aho wabibye imbuto mu dutabo n’ibyatsi byumye cyangwa amashara(amashangara) kugira ngo ubutaka bukomeze buhehereye, butumagara no kwirinda ko inyoni zakwangiza imbuto. * Gutwikurura (kuvanaho) ibyatsi hashize '''iminsi 4-5''' uhereye igihe ingemwe zatangiye kuzamuka(kumera) ( Ifoto ya 16). * Amazi ari hagati y’udutabo agomba guhora areshya n’udutabo kuko bituma ibyatsi bitamera mu buhumbikiro no gutuma udutabo duhora duhehereye. === '''Kugemura''' === * Gushyiramo ifumbire y’ibanze: gr 70/m2. * Umuceri ugemurwa umaze ibyumweru 3 uhumbitswe. * Batera ingemwe z’umuceri ku mirongo iteganye, itandukanyijwe na cm 25. Ingemwe na zo ziba zitandukanyijwe na cm 25. * Batera ingemwe 2-3 mu kobo.<ref>https://www.bbc.com/gahuza/49507236</ref> === '''Gufata neza umuceri''' === === '''Ikoreshwa ry’ifumbire mu buhinzi bw’umuceri''' === {| class="wikitable" |1 |Ifumbire y’ibanze |NPK (17-17-17)                     |10kg/ 500 m2 |<nowiki>-Ishyirwa mu murima mbere yo gutera.</nowiki> -Ifasha gukura neza mu ntangiriro no kubyara. -Umunyungugu wose wa fosifore n’uwa Potasiyumu nk’ifumbire y’ibanze. |- |2 |Ifumbire mbaturamusaruro ya mbere: mu gihe cyo kubyara |Ire (46%) |2.5kg/ 500 m2 |<nowiki>-Gushyiramo Ire hashize iminsi 30 bateyemu murima.</nowiki> -Kongerera umuceri ubushobozi bwo kubyara bituma amahundo yiyongera kuri m2 |- |3 |Ifumbire mbaturamusaruro ya kabiri: mu gihe cy’ikorwa ry’amahundo |Ire (46%) |2.5kg/ 500 m2 | - Gushyiramo  Ire mu gihe umuceri utangiye guhaga(gutwita) -Kugabanya ibihuhwe biterwa no kutibangurira cyangwa kutabangurirana cyangwa kuramburura k’umuceri -kongera umubare w’intete ku ihundo no kugabanya ibihuhwe |} [[Dosiye:Agriculture work.jpg|left|thumb]] == '''Gucunga neza amazi''' == * Amazi ni ikintu gikomeye mu buhinzi bw’umuceri, ni yo mpamvu amazi yuhira umuceri agomba gukoreshwa neza mu buryo butuma atanga umusaruro. * Umuhinzi w’umuceri agomba gukora uko ashoboye amazi akenewe akaboneka mu byiciro binyuranye by’imikurire y’igihingwa cy’umuceri: -  Mu gihe cyo kugemeka no kubyara: igihingwa cy’umuceri cyakwangirika kibuze amazi ahagije, kikagwingira cyangwa se ntigifate rwose. -Mu gihe cyo kubyara no gutangira kuzana amahundo:  muri iki gihe, igihingwa cy’umuceri gishobora kwihanganira amazi make. Igipimo cy’amazi kigomba kuguma hasi kugira ngo kubyara byihute. - Mu gihe cyo gutangira kuzana amahundo- Kurabya: irinde ko umurima w’umuceri uburamo amazi. - Mu gihe cyo kurabya-kwera: mu gihe cyo kwagika no kurabya n’igihe gikurikiraho  gututubikana k'umuceri biba biri ku rwego rwo hejuru. Kubura kw’amazi mu murima bituma intete ziba ibihuhwa kandi umuceri ukera nabi. Amazi avanwa mu murima hagati y’iminsi 15 na 20 nyuma yo kwagika mu rwego rwo kwihutisha kwera  no kugira ngo hirindwe ko umuceri ukurura Azote nyinshi. * '''Kubagara hakoreshwa ikibagazo  kizenguruka''' * Uburyo bw’imihingire: gutegura umurima neza cyane cyane kuvuruga, kuzuza amazi mu murima. * '''Uburyo bwo kwirinda ibyatsi mbere:''' Gukoresha imbuto z’umuceri zitarimo imbuto z’ibyatsi bibi, no guhora ukora isuku ku miyoboro n’amadige (guhora uyiharura, ukuraho ibyatsi). * Gukoresha ikibagazo ni ukugisunika hagati y’imirongo nk’uko bigaragara ku ifoto. Ibi bibagazo bigira akamaro ko kuvangavanga ibyatsi bikuze (ariko bidakuze cyane) ndetse n’imbuto zabyo mu gitaka (mu cyondo) bikabuza ibyatsi kumera mu murima. '''Kunyuza ikibagazo gisunikwa hagati y’imirongo''' '''Imiyoboro n’amadige''' * Guhinga umuceri bigendana n’ibikorwaremezo nk’imiyoboro n’amadige. Umuhinzi agomba kubifata neza no kubikoresha ku buryo butanga umusaruro kuko amazi ari ikintu cy’ingenzi ku burumbuke bw’umuceri.<ref>https://www.rba.co.rw/post/MINGARI-yanzuye-ko-igiciro-cyumuceri-kigiye-kuba-kimwe-hose-mu-gihugu</ref><ref>https://amahaho.com/fr/collections/rice-umuceri</ref> === '''Indwara''' === ==== '''1.Kirabiranya y'umuceri(''Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae'' (''Xoo'')''' ==== Iyi ndwara iterwa n’udukoko twa bagiteri (''Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae'' (''Xoo''), ikarangwa no kurabirana kw’amababi cyangwa kw’igihingwa cyose. Igice gifashwe gihinduka icyatsi kijujuka, kikazahinduka umuhondo werurutse. Umuceri ukiri muto urababuka burundu. Isoko y’ubwandu ishobora kuba ibyatsi byo ku mpande y’igishanga, ibicericeri (ibishogoshogo) cyangwa umuceri  wo mu gasozi. Iyi ndwara yinjirira mu bikomere by’igihingwa mu gihe cyo kugemūra cyangwa se iyo umuceri ukomerekejwe n’umuyaga cyangwa imvura.<ref>https://migro.co.rw/product/tanzania-no-1-1</ref> ==== '''Kuyirinda no kuyirwanya:''' ==== Gukoresha imbuto zihangana; kwirinda ibintu byose bibika ubwandu; kutarenza urugero rw’umunyungugu wa azote; kurinda ko ibitanda n’imirima birengerwa n’amazi. ==== '''2.Uburima''' ==== ==== '''Uburima : Pyriculariose du riz (Pyricularia Oryzae):''' ==== Ni indwara mbi cyane, iterwa n’agahumyo gato katabonwa n’amaso. Ifata ingingo zose : ibibabi, uduti, indabo n’impeke. Ikunda gukara cyane mu buhumbikiro, umuceri ugeze igihe cyo guhagika, guterera n’igihe cyo kurabya. ==== '''Ibiranga indwara y’Uburima:''' ==== Amababi azaho amabara y’ikigina cyijimye, ajya kuba maremare, asongoye, y’ikijuju hagati, ku mababi kandi hazaho utudomo tw’icyatsi cyenda kuba ikijuju dusa nkaho turimo amazi dufite ishusho y’uruziga cyangwa imeze nk’igi, amabara akuze aba nk’afite inkovu; ku bufubiko bw’indabo haza ho utubara tw’ikigina; mu gihe cyo guterera, ku ipfundo rya nyuma riri hasi y’indabo hazaho uruziga rwirabura, agati ko hejuru y’iryo pfundo kakuma, ihundo ntirizemo impeke; uruti (igikenyeri) ruruma; mu buhumbikiro, ingemwe zirashya zikababuka zose.<ref>https://yegob.rw/waruziko-umuceri-ufite-ubushobozi-bwo-kurinda-indwara-zikomeye-nka-kanseri-ndetse-no-gutuma-ugira-uruhu-rwiza/</ref> ==== '''Ibituma iyo ndwara yiyongera:''' ==== Gukoresha azote nyinshi mu murima; ubushyuhe bwinshi buvanze n’ubutohe; ivu ryinshi rirunze hamwe. ''Uburima bwo ku mababi'' ''Amahundo arwaye'' ==== '''Uko wakwirinda indwara y’Uburima bw’Umuceri:''' ==== Gutera imbuto zihangana; gutera imbuto umuti mbere yo guhumbika(Thiram-Benomyl,..); gukoresha ifumbire mvaruganda ku rugero nyarwo; kuyobora amazi ahagije mu murima; isuku mu murima n’ahawegereye; gutwika ibikenyeri by’umuceri nyuma yo gusarura; gutera imiti (Tebuconazole, Benomyl, Kitazine,...); kubahiriza igihe cy’ihinga; no kubahiriza amabwiriza y’ubuhinzi (ubucucike bw’imbuto mu murima, ifumbire nyayo ku rugero nyarwo, amazi mu murima ku rugero...).<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.agakiza.org/Nyuma-yo-kuvumbura-iri-banga-umuceri-bawugurira-kuwumara.html |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-02-26 |archive-date=2023-02-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230226132108/https://www.agakiza.org/Nyuma-yo-kuvumbura-iri-banga-umuceri-bawugurira-kuwumara.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> ==== '''3. Indwara iterwa na virusi y’umuceri''' (RYMV) ==== Indwara ya Virusi y’umuceri (RYMV) ni icyorezo cyibasiye umuceri mu bihugu byo ku mugabane wa Afurika, ikaba igaragara mu bihugu hafi ya byose bihinga umuceri. Iyi ndwara iterwa na Virusi yagaragaye no mu gihugu cya Turukiya. ''Umuceri wafashwe n’indwara iterwa na virusi.'' Indwara iterwa na Virusi y’umuceri (RYMV) ikwirakwizwa n’amoko menshi y’udukoko, [[inka]], imbeba n’indogobe. Iyo udukoko dukwirakwiza virusi  turiye umuceri wafashwe  duhita tuyikwirakwiza ku muceri utarandura n’indi mirima  igiterwa aho hafi cyangwa ubuhumbikiro. Umuceri, ibihingwa virusi zihishamo zigakuriramo n’ibishibu cyangwa ibimera byimeza mu mirima hagati y’ibihembwa by’ihinga bituma virusi zikomeza kuguma mu murima. Indwara iterwa na virusi ishobora no gukwirakwizwa n’amatembabuzi ava ku gihingwa ajya ku kindi ( amazi yo kuhira, amazi ava ku gututubikana kw’igihinwa  no gukoranaho kw’ibice by’igihingwa birwaye n’ibizima ndetse no ku bisigazwa by’ibihigwa). Virusi ishobora no kuboneka mu mizi y’ibihingwa byafashwe kandi ishobora kwanduza ibindi bihingwa binyuze mu bikomere by’imizi.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://ehaho.rw/product/993 |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-02-26 |archive-date=2023-02-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230226132113/https://ehaho.rw/product/993 |url-status=dead }}</ref> === '''Ibimenyetso:''' === * Ibimenyetso by’indwara ya virusi y’umuceri mbere na mbere bigaragara nk’imirongo y’amabara y’umuhondo n’icyatsi kibisi aza ku ntangiriro y’amababi akiri mato,. Ayo mabara agenda akura ateganye n’imitsi y’amababi akagaragara nk’amabara y’umuhondo cyangwa oranje. * Amababi aje nyuma y’uko igihingwa gifatwa aza afite amabara kandi akenshi aba yizingazinze. * Iyi ndwara ishobora gutuma amababi ahinduka ikigina cyijimye  kandi n’amahundo ntasohoke neza. * Umuceri warembejwe na virusi uragwingira, ukabyara ibyana bike, ukagira amahundo atarimo impeke kandi akenshi uruma. * [[Dosiye:Helminthosporium oryzae at Oryza sativa (01).jpg|thumb|indwara y'umuceri ]]Umuceri wafashwe nyuma y’minsi 20-50 ugemuwe ushobora kugaragaza amabara y’umuhondo, ukarabya ukazana n’imbuto ariko ukagwingira.<ref>https://igihe.com/abantu/success-stories/article/umwihariko-w-ifumbire-y-umwimerere-ikorwa-mu-isukari-n-umuceri</ref> === '''Ni gute wayirwanya''' === Gukoresha imbuto zihanganira iyi ndwara ni bwo buryo buboneye bwo kurwanya indwara ya virusi y’umuceri (RYMV). '''Ubundi buryo bwo kuyirwanya burimo ubu bukurikira:''' * Gukoresha uburyo bwo guhingira rimwe ahantu hanini hagatererwa rimwe umuceri, hanyuma wasarurwa hakararizwa hose kugira ngo virusi n’ibihingwa bizikwirakwiza bitiyongera. * Bakimara gusarura, gutaba mu butaka ibisigazwa by’umuceri, ibishibu by’umuceri n’uwimejeje kugira ngo bagabanye ibishobora kubika virusi mu murima no kugira ngo virusi n’ibizikwirakwiza bipfe, * Gutera mbere y’uko ibikwirakwiza virusi byiyongera, * Kurandura no gutwika umuceri wafashwe cyane cyane iyo ubwandu bukiri ku rugero rwo hasi, * Kubagara buri gihe umuceri ndetse na nyuma yo gusarura kugira ngo ugabanye isoko y’indiri za virusi.<ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/ubuhinzi/ubuhinzi/article/abashinwa-badukana-umuceri-mu-cyiri-hari-abangaga-kuwurya-bawita-amagi-y-ibimonyo</ref> ==== '''4. Ingenge z’imigongo (Xanthomonas oryzae pv. Oryzicola)''' ==== Iyi ndwara irangwa n’imirongo y’icyatsi cyijimye isa n’itose ku dutsi tw’ibibabi. Aya mabara agenda yaguka kandi yiyegeranya, agahinduka ikijuju gishyira umuhondo,akenshi ayo mabara akaba mu kibabi hagati. Indwara irakura, amababi agahinduka ikijuju cyerurutse, ubundi akuma. Ibimenyetso by’ingenge z’amababi '''Uburyo bwo kuyirinda no kuyirwanya''': * Mu ngamba zo kwirinda iyi ndwara harimo: guterera igihe ingemwe zitarwaye zavuye ku mbuto zihanganira iyi ndwara no gukoresha ifumbire mvaruganda ku kigero kiringaniye. Ni ngombwa kandi kugira isuku mu murima n’ahawegereye, kuyobora amazi ahagije mu murima, gutera imbuto umuti mbere yo guhumbika (Thiram-Benomyl: gr 1 ya Thiram na gr 1 ya Benomyl) muri kg y’imbuto, ukinika imbuto muri iyo mvange igihe cy’amasaha 24 mbere yo kuzitera mu buhumbikiro. * Igihe indwara yagaragaye, koresha imiti nka Propiconazole cyangwa Tebuconazole mu murima wafashwe, na Benomyl igihe indwara yagaragye mu buhumbikiro.<ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/ubuhinzi/ubuhinzi/article/igiciro-cy-umuceri-udatonoye-cyiyongereye</ref> [[Dosiye:Green rice sheaves planted in a paddy field with long shadows at golden hour in Don Det Laos.jpg|thumb|umuceli]] === '''Ibyonnyi, Udukoko n’ibyatsi bibi''' === ==== '''1.Nkongwa''' ==== Inyo za nkongwa zinjira mu gikenyeri, zikarya umutima, zigapfumura mu mapfundo. Iyo umuceri ufashwe ukiri muto ntukura neza, amababi aba umuhondo, akuma. Iyo umuceri ufashwe nyuma yo kubyara cyangwa urimo kurabya, impeke ntizizamo neza; zireruruka kandi zikaba ibihuhwe. Mu gihe cy’isarura, nkongwa zitangira kwiyubururira mu gice cyo hasi cy’igikenyeri. Iyo ihinga rihise rikurikira isarura, bituma nkongwa yiyongera. ''Ifoto igaragaza Nkongwa y’umuceri'' ==== '''Uko warwanya nkongwa:''' ==== Gutaba mu mazi ibisigazwa byo mu murima kugira ngo bibore vuba; no gutera imiti igihe ari ngombwa.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.agasaro.com/spip.php?article700 |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-02-26 |archive-date=2023-02-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230226132112/http://www.agasaro.com/spip.php?article700 |url-status=dead }}</ref> === '''2. Isazi y’umuceri''' === '''Isazi y’umuceri''' ('''''Diopsis Thoracic'''''a) : Ni agakoko gafite amabara abiri : ahegereye umutwe ni umukara, naho ahandi ni nk’ikigina. Inyo ziva mu magi y’iyi sazi ni zo zangiza cyane nka nkongwa. Isazi n’inyo, byombi birya amababi, bikanyunyuza amazi. Inyo zizamuka mu ntimatima zihereye mu mizi, zikarya umutima w’igikenyeri. Umuceri utarabumbura uhinduka umuhondo. Iyo umuceri ufashwe umaze guhagika cyangwa mbere yo kuraba, amahundo ntiyirema neza, nta n’impeke  zizamo. ''Ifoto igeragaza Isazi y’umuceri'' * '''Kuyirwanya:''' Umurima ugomba guhora urimo isuku. Byongeye kandi, ni ngombwa kongera amazi mu murima ukigaragaramo ibimenyetso by’ubwone bw’isazi y’umuceri. Hanyuma rero ni na ngombwa kurwanya isazi y’umuceri, cyane cyane ikoze mu bireti.   === '''3. Imbeba:''' === Imbeba zo mu mazu n’iz‘igasozi, zose zibasha kwangiza umuceri mu murima k’urugero rwa 20%. Uburyo bwo kuzirwanya: * Kugirira umurima isuku n’ahawukikije * [[Dosiye:Мышь 2.jpg|thumb|imbeba]]Gukoresha imitego, imiti n’izindi nyamaswa zirya imbeba. === '''4. Inyoni:''' === Inyoni z’amoko atandukanye zona umuceri zigatera igihombo ku musaruro kigera ku rugero rwa 25%-30%. '''Uburyo bwo kuzirwanya:''' * Kurinda umuceri mu mirima hakoreshejwe abantu bazirukana, * Guterera igihe ukoresheje imbuto nziza zitarwaye z’ubwoko bwihanganira inyoni (NERICA) bufite amababi asongoye inyoni zidashobora kwitendekaho; '''NB:''' Nta buryo buhamye bwo kubuza inyoni kwangiza umuceri uretse kuzirukana.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.agasaro.com/spip.php?article3803 |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-02-26 |archive-date=2023-02-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230226132107/http://www.agasaro.com/spip.php?article3803 |url-status=dead }}</ref> '''Ibyatsi bibi:''' Ibyatsi bibi bikunze kuboneka mu murima w’umuceri mu [[Rwanda]] biri mu bwoko bukurikira: umutete(Echnochloa crusgali, Echnochloa Colonum); urukangaga(Cyperus diformis); umurago (Cyperus rutondus) n’ibindi. '''Uburyo bwo kubirwanya''': * Gukoresha mu rugero imiti itwika ibyatsi * Kugirira umurima isuku n’ahawukikije; * Kuyobora amazi ahagije mu murima; * Guhungura imbuto ukoresheje umuti wa ''Thiran'' na B''enomyl'', (gr 1 ya ''Thiran'' na gr 1 ya ''Benomyl'' mu  kilo cy’imbuto. Kwinika imbuto mu mvange y’amazi n’umuti mu gihe cy’amasaha 24 mbere yo kubiba imbuto mu buhumbikiro; * Kuvura indwara igihe yagaragaye mu murima ukoresheje  imiti nka ''Propiconazole'' cyangwa T''ebuconazole'' na ''Benomyl'' mu buhumbikiro.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7fwJV9-Suzo</ref> === '''Gusarura''' === * Amazi agomba kuvanwa mu murima iminsi 7-10 days mbere yo gusarura, ariko ntibirenze iminsi 10. * Kuvanamo amazi mbere ho iminsi 10 byongera umuceri umenetse (ibimene) * Umuceri usarurwa nyuma y’iminsi 120-150 utewe kandi umusaruro uri hagati ya Toni 3 na Toni 9 z’umuceri udatonoye kuri Ha; * [[Dosiye:Man harvesting rice in Don Det, Laos.jpg|thumb|Gusarura umuceri]]Gukata ibitsinsi by’umuceri ukoresheje Najoro (Akayuya) byibura kuri cm 10 hejuru y’ubutaka. '''Guhura umuceri''' * Guhita uhura ako kanya ukimara kuwusarura kugira ngo twirinde ko unyanyagira. * Kuwuhura ukoresheje igihuzo banyongesha ikirenge cyangwa bakubita kuri shitingi irambuye  ku butaka neza birinda kuwuvanga n’amabuye n’ibindi bitari umuceri.<ref>https://inyarwanda.com/inkuru/96282/amakosa-6-abantu-bakunze-gukora-mu-guteka-umuceri-96282.html</ref> ''' '' ''''' '''Ku bwanyu''' * Ingano y’amazi cyangwa ubutote bw’umuceri (GMC) usarurwa ugereranyije ni hagati  20 na 30 % bitewe n’imiterere y’ikirere. * Kuringaniza igipimo cy’amazi mu ntete (kwanika) kugeza kuri 14 % ni ngombwa ku muceri wo gutonorwa bigabanya intete zimenetse ndetse ukanabikika igihe kirekire. * [[Dosiye:Rice Drying in Basey.JPG|thumb|Kwanika Umuceri]]kwanika umuceri udatonoye neza kugeza ku rugero rwizewe rw’ubutote rwa 14 % ni ukuwusanza neza utarundanyije cyane, byibura '''cm 5''' ku mbuga ya sima cyangwa shitingi no kuwukorakora buri kanya (buri minota 30 - 60) kugira ngo wume kimwe wose.   * Kuwanika ku zuba buhoro buhoro mu minsi 2-3 (amasaha 6-8 ku munsi bitewe n’imiterere y’ikirere bigabanya kumenagurika mu gihe cyo kuwutonora. Ni ngombwa kwirinda kuwumisha vuba vuba mu gihe gito nk’umunsi umwe. * Gupima igipimo cy’ubuhehere bw’umuceri wavuyeho igishishwa ** Gusebwa no kuwuhekenya == '''Umuceri''' == Gutonora umuceri ni igikorwa cy’ingenzi mu gutunganya umusaruro w’umuceri. Intego nyamukuru yo gutonora umuceri  ni ugukuraho igishishwa cy’inyuma n’udushishwa tundi tutwikiriye intete kugira ngo ugere ku ntete iribwa ifite ibara ry’umweru, udafite ubundi busembwa. Bitewe n’amahitamo y’abaguzi ku isoko, umuceri wagombye kuba urimo ibimene bike cyane. ==== '''Kugosora umuceri hakoreshejwe imashini cyangwa Urutaro''' ==== Umuceri ni igihingwa kidakunda izuba kikaba igihingwa gikunda amazi cyane kandi gikoreshwa cyane mu Rwanda nko mu bukwe, mu bigo by'amashuri ndetse no mu ma hoteri. Umuceri ni igihingwa gifite akamaro kanini mu iterambere ry'igihugu ugakundwa n'abana cyane kuko usanga nk'iyo bawutetse mu bigo by'amashuri abanyeshuri bashima cyane Mu Rwanda ahantu hakunzwe guhingwa umuceri ni mu karere ka Rwamagana, Gicumbi na Bugarama ukaba ufasha abaturage kwiteza imbere no guhahira imiryango yabo. [[Category:Ibimera]] [[Category:Ibiribwa]] [[Category:Ubuhinzi]] [[Ikiciro:Ibidukikije]] [[Ikiciro:Ibiti]] 2tctg6bssv5x9lqagvvdjuhl8b8bafm 0 3143 133379 120355 2026-06-28T11:28:31Z InternetArchiveBot 9716 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 133379 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Solanales - Solanum tuberosum - 4.jpg|thumb|ibirayi|251x251px]] [[Dosiye:Ubucuruzi bw'ibirayi.jpg|thumb]] [[Dosiye:Harvest of Irish potatoes in Rwanda West, EWRM Project.jpg|thumb|Gusarura]] [[Dosiye:Irish potatoes at Gabba.jpg|thumb|Gucuruza ]] [[Dosiye:Potato var. Linda HC1.JPG|thumb]] [[Dosiye:Potato cv IrishCobbler.JPG|thumb]] [[Dosiye:Russet potato cultivar with sprouts.jpg|thumb]] [[Dosiye:Heart potato.jpg|thumb|Ikirayi]] [[Dosiye:Ashcott , Potatoes - geograph.org.uk - 4199331.jpg|thumb|Ibirayi]] [[Dosiye:Potatoes, Gatacre - geograph.org.uk - 6318021.jpg|thumb]] [[Dosiye:Potatoes at Bowhouse - geograph.org.uk - 2058046.jpg|thumb|Umurima]] [[Dosiye:Potato tuber morphology.svg|thumb]] [[Dosiye:Potatoes - geograph.org.uk - 436650.jpg|thumb]] == Umurima w'ibirayi == [[File:Potato and cross section.jpg|thumb|250px|<span style="color:grey;">Ikirayi</span>]] [[File:Patates.jpg|thumb|250px|<span style="color:grey;">Ibirayi</span>]] [[Dosiye:Potato var. Linda HC1.JPG|thumb|ikirayi kidatonoye]] [[Dosiye:Solanales - Solanum tuberosum - 4.jpg|left|thumb]] Umurima w’ibirayi utegurwa mu buryo bukurikira: * Guhinga bwa mbere (kurima) mu gihe ahantu harajwe * Iyo utaraje umurima hinga neza ukuramo ibyatsi bibi * Guhinga bwa kabiri (gutabira) bagiye gutera * Nyuma yo guhinga, ringaniza umurima wawe mbere yo guca imirongo cyangwa imyobo yo guteramo.. * Cukura imyobo cyangwa uce imirongo ifite hagati ya santimetero 5 na santimetero 10 z’ubujyakuzimu.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |url=https://umutihealth.com/ibirayi-bikungahaye-ku-ntungamubiri/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-02-26 |archive-date=2023-02-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230226200312/https://umutihealth.com/ibirayi-bikungahaye-ku-ntungamubiri/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=":1">https://www.rba.co.rw/post/Rubavu-Ubuhinzi-bwIbirayi-bwahinduye-ubuzima-bwa-benshi</ref> === Gutera imbuto === === '''Imbuto y’ibirayi''' === * Igomba kuba itarwaye, * Kuba idafite inenge iyo ariyo yose, * Ifite ubunini buringaniye buri hagati ya mirime­tero 25 na mirimetero 55 z’umurambararo, * Kuba yarameze neza, ifite imimero ihagije (kuva kuri 3 kugera kuri 4 ). ''Ifoto igaragaza imbuto yameze neza ishobora guterwa'' * Igomba kuba yaratoranyijwe kandi yemewe.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |url=https://www.isangostar.rw/abaturage-bamwe-bo-mu-turere-twa-musanze-na-burera-bahagaritse-guhinga-ibirayi |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-02-26 |archive-date=2023-02-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230226201818/https://www.isangostar.rw/abaturage-bamwe-bo-mu-turere-twa-musanze-na-burera-bahagaritse-guhinga-ibirayi |url-status=dead }}</ref> * Wayigura ku mutubuzi cyangwa umucuruzi ubyemerewe mu karere cyangwa umurenge wawe. '''Icyitonderwa :'''Ugomba gusimbura imbuto byibura nyuma y’inshuro 4 ukoresha imbuto yakomotse ku ya mbere.<ref name=":3">https://www.teradignews.rw/sobanukirwa-nakamaro-gakomeye-ko-kurya-ibirayi-mu-buzima-bwacu/</ref> * '''Igihe cyiza cyo gutera ibirayi''': ibirayi biterwa mu kwezi kwa Nzeli mu gihembwe cy’ihinga cya mbere (A)  no mu gice cya kabiri cy'ukwezi kwa Gashyantare n'ibyumweru bibiri bya mbere bya Werurwe mu gihembwe cy’ihinga cya kabiri (B) bitewe n’uko imvura igwa.<ref name=":4">https://www.kigalitoday.com/ubukungu/ubucuruzi/article/musanze-bwa-mbere-ikilo-cy-ibirayi-cyageze-ku-mafaranga-500</ref> === '''Uburyo bwo gutera''' === * Batera hagati ya toni 2 na toni 2,5 z’imbuto kuri hegitari imwe .<ref name=":5">https://umuryango.rw/opinion/article/reba-ibyiza-byo-kunywa-umutobe-w-ibirayi</ref> * Batera ku ntera ya santimetero 80 hagati   y’imirongo (uva ku murongo umwe ujya ku wundi) no ku ntera ya santimetero 30 ku mirongo (uva kukobo uteramo ikirayi kimwe ujya ku kandi). Bashyira ikirayi kimwe mu mwobo bashyizemo ifumbire y'imborera, NPK 17-17-17 n’agataka gake ku bujyakuzimu twavuze ruguru, imimero ireba hejuru maze bakarenza itaka hejuru y’ikirayi. kuko ikirayi cyerera mu butaka nk’[[ibijumba]], imyumbati,<ref name=":6">https://www.kigalitoday.com/amakuru/amakuru-mu-rwanda/article/abakunzi-b-ibirayi-barizerwa-kongera-kubibona-ku-bwinshi</ref> === Kwita ku gihingwa === [[Dosiye:Doré (Solanum tuberosum).jpg|thumb|umurima w'ibirayi]] ==== '''Gufumbira''' ==== * Mu murima w’ibirayi hakoreshwa ifumbire iboze neza kandi yumutse. * Ifumbire ishyirwa mu mirongo cyangwa mu myobo.; * Bashyiramo kuva kuri Toni 20 kugeza kuri Toni 30 z’ifumbire y’imborera kuri hegitari imwe. * Bongeramo ifumbire mvaruganda ya NPK17.17.17 ingana n'ibiro 300 kuri hegitari imwe, cyangwa bagakoresha ibiro '''150''' mu gihebagiye gutera n'ibiro 150 mu gihe cy’isukira. * Mu butaka busharira (Nyamagabe, Nyaruguru, n’ahandi), babanza gushyiramo ishwagara (ibyumweru 2 mbere yo gutera) hagati ya toni 2,5 na toni5 kuri hegitari imwe, ikamaramo ibihembwe 4 by’ihinga.<ref name=":0" /> === '''Kubagara ( Kumenera) :''' === * Bikorwa  nyuma y’ibyumweru 2 kugeza kuri 3 ibirayi bimaze kumera bifite nka '''santimetero 10''' z’uburebure ugereranije. * Kubagara bituma ibirayi bidacuranwa imyunyungungu, amazi, urumuri kuko byoroshya ubutaka kandi i byatsi bibi biri mu murima bigakurwamo. [[Dosiye:Irish Potato Kenya.jpg|thumb|Ibirayi by'akinyarwanda]] '''Icyitonderwa:''' Igihe ubagara wirinda gukomeretsa imizi y'ibirayi.<ref name=":1" /> === '''Gusukira (Kuhira)''' === * Bikorwa ibirayi bifite nka santimetero 20 z’uburebure. Umuhinzi asukira akurura igitaka akacyegereza ikirayi ariko akirinda gutaba amababi yacyo * Gusukira neza bifasha ibirayi gukura neza, birinda ikirayi kiri mu butaka kugira ibara ry’icyatsi no gufatwa n’indwara y’imvura (milidiyu).<ref name=":2" /> === indwara n’ibyonnyi ku burayi === * '''Indwara n’ibyonnyi ndetse n’ibyatsi bibi'''ni bimwe mu bigabanya ku buryo bugaragara umusaruro w’ibirayi. * Ni ngombwa kubirwanya kuko bishobora kugabanya umusaruro kugeza aho umuhinzi nta kintu na kimwe asarura.<ref name=":3" /> '''Indwara zirimo amoko menshi, n'ibizitera biratandukanye. Muri byo twavuga indwara n'ibyonnyi bikurikira:''' [[Dosiye:Solanales - Solanum tuberosum - 3.jpg|thumb|392x392px|ibirayi]] === '''''Indwara y’imvura''''' === === '''''Ifoto igaragaza indwara y’imvura''''' === * '''Ikiyitera:''' indwara y’ imvura ni indwara iter­wa n’agahumyo ''.''Ikunze kugaragazwa mu '''bihe by’imvura n’ubuhehere bwinshi.''' * '''Aho ifata:''' amababi, uduti (imigozi) n’ikirayi * [[Dosiye:Мусака од компири.jpg|thumb|244x244px|ifiriti y'ibirayi]]'''Ibimenyetso''': amababi n’uruti birababuka bigahinduka ikigina bikabora cyangwa bikuma.<ref name=":3" /> === '''Uburyo bwo kuyirwanya:''' === * Gutera amoko y’ ibirayi yihanganira iyo ndwara * Ibirayi byose bigomba kuvanwa mu murima mu gihe cy’isarura * Kurandura ibirayi byose byimejeje, * Gusukira neza ibirayi .<ref name=":4" /> === '''Mu bihe by’imvura nyinshi ndetse n’ubuhehere:''' === * Ibirayi bikimera, tera umuti nka Ridomili (Ridomil) ku mababi hose, gr '''50''' zivanze muri '''litilo 20''' z’amazi ibirayi bikiri bitoya.<ref name=":6" />               === '''Nyuma y’ibyumweru bibiri''' === * Rimwe mu cyumwer, Tera  '''umuti wa ditane cyangwa Mancozeb''' ku mababi hose ku rugero rwa '''gr 50''' zivanze na '''litiro 20''' z’amazi. * Gusimburanya ibirayi n’ibindi bihingwa bitari mu muryango umwe.<ref name=":5" /> === '''''Indwara ya kirabiranya''''' === ''Ifoto igaragaza indwara ya kirabiranya y'ibirayi'' * '''Ikiyitera :'''Kirabiranya y'ibirayi iterwa n’agakoko ko mu bwoko bwa [[bagiteri]] bita ''pseudomonas solanacearum.'' Iboneka mu butaka no mu mbuto byanduye ako gakoko. * '''Aho ifata:''' ku mababi n'ibirayi.<ref name=":7">https://bwiza.com/?Nyaruguru-Umugabo-yiciwe-mu-murima-we-w-ibirayi</ref> === '''Ibimenyetso:''' === * Kurabirana kw’amababi agahinduka icyatsi cyeruruka. * Mu maso y’ibirayi birwaye cyane haturukamo amatembabuzi y’umweru wabitema ugasanga imbere hari uruziga rw’umuhondo.<ref name=":0" /> === '''Uburyo bwo kuyirwanya:''' === * [[Dosiye:Irish Potato Kenya.jpg|thumb|381x381px|ibirayi byinshi]]Gukoresha amoko y’ imbuto y’ibirayi yihanganira iyo indwara, * Gusimburanya ibirayi n’ibindi bihingwa bitari mu muryango umwe; * Kurandura no kuvana mu murima ibirayi byose bigaragaraho ibimenyetso by’iyi ndwara; * Gusimburanya ibihingwa  ku buryo ibirayi bigaruka nyuma y'ibihe bine by'ihinga.<ref name=":1" /> === '''''Inanda''''' === * '''Inanda''' iterwa n'agakoko ko mu bwoko bw'ibinyugunyugu bita “''Phthorimaea operculella''”; * Udushorobwa twabyo ducukura imyobo mu mitsi y'amababi agahinduka ikigina; * Utu tukoko twangiza ibirayi; * Ibyo bigaragazwa n'imyobo ducukura mu kirayi n'amabyi yatwo agaragara mu kirayi; * Ubwone bw'utu dukoko mu murima bushobora gukomereza no mu buhunikiro.<ref name=":3" /> ==== '''Uburyo bwo kuyirwanya:  ''' ==== * Umuhinzi agirwa inama yo gutera indwara nzima itarwaye no gukoresha umuti witwa ''Deltamethrine cyangwa'' ''Cypemethrine'' mu rwego rwo kuyikumira''.''<ref name=":0" /> === Gusarura ibirayi === * Ibirayi byera hashize iminsi 100 kugeza ku 120 bitewe n’ubwoko bwatewe; Iyo ibirayi byeze amababi ahinduka umuhondo n’imigozi yabyo iragwa maze ikuma.<ref name=":1" /> === '''Mbere yo gusarura banyomora ibirayi:''' === * Babanza kurandura imigozi y’ibirayi bakandagiye ku butaka ku buryo nta kirayi kizamukana n’umugozi, ibirayi bikaguma mu butaka bikumuka, uruhu rwabyo rugakomera ku buryo iyo basaruye nka nyuma y ’ibyumweru 2 nta kirayi gishobora gukoboka mu buryo bworoshye, * Gusarura bikorwa humutse, * Basarura bakoresheje intoki iyo obutaka bworoshe, isuka ariko bigengesereye birinda gukomerersa ibirayi  cyangwa se imashini zabugenewe, * Irinde gukomeretsa ibirayi mu gihe usarura kandi ubimare mu murima, * Vana ibirayi byose bifite inenge mu musaruro. * Ibirayi bisigaye mu murima bishobora kuba indiri yihuse y’udukoko n’indwara mu ihinga rikurikiraho mu gihe imiterere y’ikirere itishe utwo dukoko.<ref name=":7" /> === Amashakiro === [[Category:Ibimera]] [[Category:Imboga]] [[Category:Ubuhinzi]] <references /> [[Ikiciro:Ibidukikije]] [[Ikiciro:Ibiti]] c9tww393c00tm5f9djsbg79i5k7x3wk 0 3859 133305 109078 2026-06-27T18:21:40Z Igiraneza Divine 15375 Impinduka 133305 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Seasons mk.svg|thumb|366x366px|umwaka]] [[Dosiye:Guilford College Bulletin (1911-1915) - DPLA - e1f1004e312e967a90c1c5cfb8d752c4 (page 362).jpg|center|thumb|Karindari]] '''Umwaka''' Igice cy'igihe kigizwe n'[[amezi]] cumi n'abiri (12) uhereye kuri [[Mutarama]] kugeza mu [[Ukuboza]]. Umwaka ushobora kugira [[iminsi]] 365 cyangwa 366 bitewe n'uwo ari wo. Uwo munsi umwe uranga cyangwa ubura uturuka ku kwezi kwa Gashyantare kugira iminsi [[makumyabiri n umunani|makumyabiri n'umunani]] cyangwa [[makumyabiri n icyenda|makumyabiri n'icyenda]] bitewe n'umwaka. Buri myaka ine [[ukwezi kwa kabiri]] guhindura umubare w'iminsi ikaba 29. Ni ukuvuga ko imyaka itatu ikurikiranye igira ukwezi kwa [[Gashyantare]] kw'iminsi 28 maze umwaka ukurikiyeho ugahita uhindura ikaba 29. Imyaka yose [[Kugabanyika|igabanyika]] na kane igira iminsi 366 naho itagabanyika na kane ikagira 365. Ingero: * Umwaka wa 1987 wari ufite iminsi 365 (1978 kugabanya 4 ni 496 hagasigara '''3''') * Umwaka wa 2000 wari ufite iminsi 366 (2000 kugabanya 4 ni 500 hagasigara '''zeru(0)''') * Umwaka wa 2020 uzagira iminsi 366 * Umwaka wa 2021 uzagira iminsi 365 Umwaka mu Rwanda ugabanyijemo [[Ibihe by ubuhinzi|ibihe]] bine by'ingenzi ari byo [[Urugaryi]], [[Itumba]], [[Icyi]], [[Umuhindo]] bitandukanywa n'imigwire y'[[imvura]] [[Category:Imyaka| ]] q8pkuugv9cehlyxs0msvadyb1keq2ug 0 6367 133284 130248 2026-06-27T12:50:22Z B.Scalling 15089 gushyiramo databox 133284 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Tomato je.jpg|thumb|Tomato |244x244px]] [[File:Bright red tomato and cross section02.jpg|thumb|250px|<span style="color:grey;">Inyanya</span>]] [[Dosiye:Münster, Wochenmarkt -- 2017 -- 2328.jpg|thumb|inyanya ziri ku giti|243x243px]] [[Dosiye:Tomates_cerises_FR_2012.jpg|thumb|Inyanya ziri ku giti]] [[Dosiye:Tomates cerises FR 2012.jpg|thumb|328x328px|inyanya zitaasoromwa]] [[Dosiye:Tomatoes-on-the-bush.jpg|thumb|urunyanya]] [[Dosiye:Solanum lycopersicum mixed fruits.jpg|left|thumb]] [[Dosiye:Solanum lycopersicum mixed fruits.jpg|thumb|Solanum lycopersicum mixed fruits]] [[Dosiye:Tomato گوجه فرنگی 01.jpg|thumb|Tomato]] [[Dosiye:20160528 Whitstable - Solanum lycopersicum 1.jpg|thumb|Inyanya]] [[Dosiye:Solanum lycopersicum 15-p.bot-lyco.escu-030.jpg|thumb|Solanum lycopersicum]] [[Dosiye:Tomato plant (домати).jpg|thumb|Tomato plant ]] [[Dosiye:Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme 2020-09-28 2987.jpg|thumb|Solanum lycopersicum]] [[Dosiye:Solanum lycopersicum sl4.jpg|thumb|Solanum lycopersicum ]] [[Dosiye:Solanales - Solanum lycopersicum - 4.jpg|thumb|Solanales]] [[Dosiye:Solanales - Solanum lycopersicum - 3.jpg|thumb|Inyanya zitarashya neza]] [[Dosiye:Solanales - Solanum lycopersicum - 48.jpg|thumb|Solanales - Solanum lycopersicum ]] [[Dosiye:Organic home-grown tomatoes - unripe to ripe.jpg|thumb|Organic home-grown tomatoes - unripe to ripe]] [[Dosiye:Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme 2020-09-28 2988.jpg|thumb|Solanum lycopersicum ]] [[Dosiye:Solanales - Solanum lycopersicum - 8.jpg|thumb|Solanales - Solanum lycopersicum ]] [[Dosiye:Solanales - Solanum lycopersicum - 40.jpg|thumb|Solanales - Solanum lycopersicum ]] [[Dosiye:Solanales - Solanum lycopersicum - 40.jpg|thumb|Solanales - Solanum lycopersicum]] [[Dosiye:Half of a sliced tomato on a blue background.jpg|thumb|Half of a sliced tomato on a blue background]] [[Dosiye:Solanum lycopersicum cerasiforme 02a.JPG|thumb|Solanum lycopersicum cerasiforme]] [[Dosiye:Tomat (Solanum lycopersicum) 01.jpg|thumb|Tomat (Solanum lycopersicum) ]] [[Dosiye:Tomato plants 2.jpg|thumb|Umurima winyanya]] [[Dosiye:Solanum lycopersicum - Yellow Tomato.jpg|thumb|Solanum lycopersicum - Yellow Tomato]]{{Databox|excludeProperties=Q23501}} [[Dosiye:Solanum lycopersicum 1 2018-01-24.jpg|thumb|Solanum lycopersicum]] [[Dosiye:Solanum lycopersicum sl2.jpg|thumb|Solanum lycopersicum]] [[Dosiye:Starr 080501-4345 Solanum lycopersicum var. lycopersicum.jpg|thumb|Solanum lycopersicum var. lycopersicum]] [[Dosiye:Solanum lycopersicum E2.jpg|thumb|Solanum lycopersicum ]] [[Dosiye:Solanum lycopersicum, Tomate 2.JPG|thumb|Inyanya ziri kwera]] === '''IRIBURIRO''' === [[Dosiye:Rajče1.jpg|thumb|inyanya]] [[Dosiye:Solanum lycopersicum 15-p.bot-lyco.escu-020.jpg|thumb|Urunyanya rutarera neza]] [[Dosiye:Tomato plants 3.jpg|thumb|Tomato plants ]] [[Dosiye:Solanum Lycopersicum tomkin 1.jpg|thumb|Solanum Lycopersicum tomkin ]] [[Dosiye:Solanales - Solanum lycopersicum - 8.jpg|thumb|Solanales - Solanum lycopersicum ]] [[Dosiye:Tomato plant (домати).jpg|thumb|Tomato plant]] [[Dosiye:Solanales - Solanum lycopersicum - 46.jpg|thumb|Solanales - Solanum lycopersicum ]] [[Dosiye:Solanales - Solanum lycopersicum - 38.jpg|thumb|Solanales - Solanum lycopersicum ]] [[Dosiye:Solanales - Solanum lycopersicum - 38.jpg|thumb|Solanales - Solanum lycopersicum ]] Inyanya zikungahaye kuri vitamini A na C. Zongerwa mu biryo kugira ngo zibyongerere uburyohe. Inyanya kandi zishobora gutunganywa zigakorwamo ikinyiga (sauce tomate). Mu rwego rw'ubukungu, inyanya zinjiza amafaranga mu ngo ndetse bikagera no mu rwego rw'[[igihugu]] n'[[isi]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |url=https://www.agakiza.rw/Dore-ibyiza-10-bitangaje-byo-kurya-inyanya.html |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-02-26 |archive-date=2023-02-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230226151334/https://www.agakiza.rw/Dore-ibyiza-10-bitangaje-byo-kurya-inyanya.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |url=https://umutihealth.com/inyanya/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-02-26 |archive-date=2023-02-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230226151346/https://umutihealth.com/inyanya/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=":2">https://www.kigalitoday.com/ubuzima/urusobe-rw-ubuzima/article/burya-inyanya-mbisi-ni-ingirakamaro-kurusha-izitetse</ref>. Inyanya zikunda ahantu hari amazi ahagije, zikazirana n'ahatagira amazi. Ubutaka bwiza ku nyanya ni ubufite ubusharire bwa 6-7. Ikigero cy'ubushyuhe cyagombye kuba dogere  20-27. Imbuto z'inyanya ziba mbi iyo ubushyuhe buri hejuru ya degere 30 cyangwa bukaba munsi ya dogere 10.<ref name=":2" /> === '''AMOKO Y`INYANYA''' === Guhitamo ubwoko bw'inyanya bwo guhinga ni ingenzi cyane mu gihe hifuzwa umusaruro mwiza. Muri rusange hariho amoko abiri y'inyanya  amenyerewe. Inyanya ngufi n'inyanya ndende.Inyanya ngufi (habariwemo n'izivangiye igice n'ingufi) ni ubwoko bugira [[igiti]] kigira ihundo ry'uruyange ku mutwe. Ziba ngufi zikaba igihuru mu gihe izivangiye igice ziba ndende.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /> Ubwoko burebure bukomeza gushamika  n'indabo nshya kandi bugakura bujya hejuru cyane. Ubu bwoko buzana inyanya nyuma y'igihe kinini. Ubu bwoko bugomba kushingirirwa no kugabanyirizwa ibisambo bityo bugasaba akazi kenshi.Mu [[Rwanda]] duhinga ubwoko bwiza bw'inyanya buturaka i [[Burayi]] no mu bigo by'imbuto byo muri [[Kenya]].<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3">{{Cite web |url=http://www.ehinga.org/kin/crops/tomatoes |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-02-26 |archive-date=2023-02-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230226151334/http://www.ehinga.org/kin/crops/tomatoes |url-status=dead }}</ref> Anna F1 ni ubwoko bw`inyanya butanga umusaruro utubutse, budasaba akazi kenshi, kandi budapfa gufatwa n' indwara zifata inyanya. Ni inyanya zigurishwa ari mbisi, zitanga umusaruro mwiza cyane iyo zihinzwe mu mahema yabugenewe. Anna F1 igira urunyanya rukomeye, rufite ishusho y'igi, rukagira ibara ry'umutuku tukutuku. Ni bumwe mu bwoko bw'inyanya buva muri Kenya budapfa guhangarwa n'indwara ya kirabiranya  imunga igiti, iminyorogoto n'izindi.<ref name=":3" /> Anna F1 ni ubwoko bukura vuba: mu minsi 75 nyuma yo kugemekwa. Kugira ngo zibe zeze neza biterwa n'igihe/ikirere. Nko mu  bwoko bwinshi mu buturuka muri Kenya, umusaruro wa mbere uba ari muke  ugereranyije n'andi masarura akurikira. Anna F1 zitanga umusaruro ku kigereranyo cya toni 74 kuri hegitari,  n'ibiro  35 kg kuri buri runyanya mu buzima bwarwo bwose.<ref name=":3" /> Inyanya zo mu bwoko bwa [[Roma]] ni inyanya zifite amafufu. Inyanya z`amafufu nka Roma muri rusange zigira ifufu rinini imbere, zikagira ubuhwa buke cyane n'igishishwa gikomeye. Roma zijya kugira ishusho ya  mpandenye kandi zikaremera. Zirakomera kandi kuruta izo mu bundi bwoko ndetse n'iz'ubwoko  bugira amafufu. Inyanya za Roma ziri mu bwoko bugufi, ni ukuvuga ko urunyanya ruhira rimwe  aho kugenda rushya buhoro buhoro bigendanye n'ikirere. N'ubwo zishobora kuribwa ari mbisi izi nyanya biba byiza iyo zitetswe.<ref name=":2" /> Ubwoko bw'inyanya bwa Bingo: * Bugira umusaruro utubutse * Bwera imbuto nini * Zera vuba * Zemera ahantu hose * Zigira uruti runini * Zikura neza * [[Urubuto]] rufite ishusho y'umubumbe, runini cyane,rworohereye, * Ntizipfa kwisatura * Zibasha guhangana n'indwara ziterwa na virusi Bingo zihingwa mu murima mugari, zitanga inyanya nini kandi zoroshye. Igiti cy'urunyanya gishamikaho amababi agaye arinda igihingwa gutwikwa n'izuba. Ni ubwoko wahitamo ku bucuruzi bukorerwa ku masoko yo ku muhanda. Zizwiho kugira icyanga no kuba nini cyane.<ref>https://www.rwandamagazine.com/ubuzima/article/impamvu-10-zikwereka-ko-udakwiriye-kubura-inyanya-ku-ifunguro-rya-buri-munsi</ref> === '''Cherry tomato''' === Cherry tomato ni ubwoko bw’inyanya nto ziburungushuye. Zigira ibara ritukura, umuhondo, icyatsi kibisi ndetse n’umukara. Ziribwa cyane cyane ari mbisi kubera ko ziryohera.<ref name=":4">https://www.rwandamagazine.com/ubuzima/article/impamvu-10-zikwereka-ko-udakwiriye-kubura-inyanya-ku-ifunguro-rya-buri-munsi</ref> === '''Plum ( Pulamu)''' === Inyanya zo mu bwoko bwa Plum zizwi nk’izitegurwamo ikinyiga  gitekwa mu masupu cyangwa kibikwa mu bikopo. Izi nyanya zifite ishusho y’umwiburungushure, zikagira  ubuhwa buke cyane ugereranyije n’ubundi bwoko bw’inyanya kandi zikagira umubiri ukomeye, bituma zibereye gutunganywa mu nganda.<ref name=":4" /> [[Dosiye:Tomato field in Namegata, Ibaraki 02.jpg|thumb|umurima wi tomati]] === Gutegura umurima w'inyanya === ==== '''Guhumbika''' ==== Gutera inyanya bitangirira ku guhumbika, aho  babiba umurama ukamera mbere y'uko ingemwe zigemurirwa mu murima zizakuriramo. Ubuhumbikiro bugomba kuba bunoze nta binonko birimo kugira ngo  imbuto zizamere neza. Ni byiza guhitamo ahantu hari amazi kandi umurima ukaba udaheruka guhingwamo ibihingwa byo mu muryango umwe n'inyanya.<ref name=":5">https://umuryango.rw/ad-restricted/article/reba-akamaro-inyanya-zifitiye-ubuzima-bwacu</ref> Ubuhumbikiro bwigiye hejuru bugizwe na cm 15-30 z'uburebure  bukaba bwajya hasi yaho mu gihe cy'izuba ryinshi  ariko bukajya hejuru yaho igihe cy'ubuhehere. Umurama uhumbikwa mu mirongo itandukanyijwe na cm 6. Ubuhumbikiro butwikirizwa isaso kandi ubutaka ntabwo bugomba kumagara. Ubuhumbikiro bwigiye hejuru bworohereza uburyo bwo kuyobora amazi.<ref name=":5" /> [[Dosiye:Tomato field in Namegata, Ibaraki 01.jpg|thumb|umurima ]] === Gutera inyanya === ==== '''Kugemura''' ==== Kureka ubuhumbikiro bugakomera bikorwa bagabanya amazi maze ingemwe zikagerwaho n' izuba mu gihe cy'iminsi 6-9 mbere yo kugemura. Kuvomerera neza ingemwe amasaha 12 mbere yo kuzigemeka mu murima wabigenewe. Ingemwe nziza ni izigeze ku kigero cy'amababi 4-5, zimaze hafi ibyumweru 4.<ref name=":6">{{Cite web |url=https://www.agakiza.org/Sobanukirwa-neza-umumaro-wo-kurya-inyanya.html |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-02-26 |archive-date=2023-02-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230226151346/https://www.agakiza.org/Sobanukirwa-neza-umumaro-wo-kurya-inyanya.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Kugemura bikorwa nimugoroba cyangwa igihe ikirere cyijimye kugira ngo ingemwe zidapfa.Urugemwe rushyirwa mu mwobo ku buryo amababi ya mbere asigara hejuru y'ubutaka. Ingemwe ndende zinanutse zigomba guterwa mu mwobo muremure. Gutsindagira ubutaka cyane mu muzenguruko w'imizi no gusuka amazi ku muzenguruko w'urugemwe kugira ngo ubutaka bufate. Ni ngombwa kuvomerera vuba bishoboka nyuma yo kugemeka.<ref name=":6" /> Intera isigara hagati y'urugemwe n'urundi iterwa n'uburyo ushaka guteramo byaba gutera ku murongo umwe umwe cyangwa ibiri ibangikanye. Iyo hakoreshejwe imirongo ibiri ibangikanye intera igomba kungana na cm 60 hagati y'imirongo na cm 40 hagati y'urugemwe n'urundi. Ibi bitanga ingemwe zigera ku 33,000 kuri hegitari. Iyo hakoreshejwe umurongo umwe umwe ku ntera ya cm 40 hagati y'ingemwe bitanga ingemwe zigera ku 16,000 kuri hegitari.<ref name=":6" /> === Kwita ku gihingwa cy'inyana === === '''Ikoreshwa ry'amazi n'ibikemewe''' === Amazi adahagije mu gihe igihingwa icyo ari cyo cyose kigikura bigabanya umusaruro n'ubwiza bw'imbuto. Inyanya ntizihanganira na mba kubura kw'amazi mu gihe zitangiye kuzana uruyange, mu gihe zikigemurwa no mu gihe zitangiye kuzana imbuto; mu kindi gihe zishobora kwihangana gato. Nyamara inyanya ntabwo zikunda amazi menshi akabije.<ref name=":6" /> Uko wayobora amazi kose bishobora gukorwa uhereye hejuru ku butaka, uminjira make make, amazi anyuze mu gihombo, aho kuvoma amazi ku isoko ugahita uyamena ku bihingwa mu murima. Uko byakorwa kose biterwa n'ubushobozi bw'umuhinzi. Kubika amazi mu murima bishobora gukorwa hafashwe amazi acunshumuka, amazi y'imvura ava mu migezi, amazi y'imvura, kuzamura amazi avuye hasi mu butaka.<ref>https://www.teradignews.rw/waruzi-ko-inyanya-mbisi-zigira-akamaro-kurusha-izitetse-sobanukirwa/</ref> === '''Gusasira''' === Gusasiza ibikoresho byabugenewe bikorwa hatwikirwa ubuso bw'ubutaka. Gusasira ni ngombwa mu buhinzi bw'inyanya kuko bigabanya kugenda kw'ibitunga igihingwa, bibika ubuhehere n'ubushyuhe mu butaka bikanabuza ibyatsi bibi kumera.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.urwego.com/2019/01/inyanya-mbisi-zifite-akamaro-kurusha.html |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-02-26 |archive-date=2023-02-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230226151334/https://www.urwego.com/2019/01/inyanya-mbisi-zifite-akamaro-kurusha.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> === '''Gushingirira''' === Gushingirira inyanya ukoresheje inking z'imigano, imishingiriro y'ibiti cyangwa ibindi bikoresho bikomeye bifata igihingwa bigatuma amababi n'imbuto bitaryama hasi. Gushingirira bishobora gutuma umusaruro wiyongera n'imbuto zikaba nini, bituma inyanya zitabora kandi bikoroshya isarura.<ref name=":7">https://www.rba.co.rw/post/Bugarama-Umusaruro-winyanya-wariyongereye</ref> Ubwoko bw'inyanya ndende bwagombye gushingirirwa kugira ngo byorohe kuzikata, gukata ibisambo, gusarura n'indi mirimo yose ikorerwa igihingwa. Ubwoko bw'inyanya bugufi bwagombye gushingirirwa mu gihe cy'imvura kugira ngo imbuto z'inyanya zidakora hasi ku butaka.<ref name=":7" /> Uburyo butandukanye bwo gushingirira burashoboka. Igihingwa kiba kigomba gufata neza ku mushingiriro, bigakorwa mu ntangiriro nko mu byumweru bibiri nyuma yo kugemeka.<ref name=":7" /> Uduti tw'umuceri, udushumi twa pulasitiki, udushumi tumatira dukoreshwa mu buhinzi bw'indabo, n'ibindi bikoresho byose umuntu yakwifashisha  bishobora gukoreshwa mu guhambira urunyanya ku giti. Guhambira bikorwa ku buryo ihundo ry'inyanya riba rishyigikiye.<ref name=":7" /> === '''Gukata ibisambo''' === Gukata ibisambo cyangwa gutoranya umumero ugomba gukurwaho mu rwego rwo kurinda inyanya kugunduka bishobora gutuma inyanya zikura vuba zikaba nini kandi ku buryo bungana. Gukuramo ibisambo bituma umwuka winjira neza  mu rugara rw'amababi, bikagabanya indwara zifata amababi bikorohereza kutera umuti ndetse no gusarura.<ref name=":8">https://igihe.com/ubukungu/iterambere/inyanya-zifashwe-neza-zimara-umwaka-mu-murima-zisarurwa</ref> Ubwoko by'inyanya ndende bugomba gukurwaho ibisambo iteka kugira ngo zidakururumba. Urugero gukata ibisambo bikorwamo biterwa n'igihe cy'ihinga icyo ari cyo. Mu gihe cyose bakata ibisambo, ni ko banakuraho indabo zitari ngombwa kugira ngo bacungane n'umubare w'inyanya  wifuzwa.<ref name=":8" /> === '''Kubagara''' === Ibyatsi bigomba kubagarwa bikavanwa mu murima w'inyanya kuko bicuranwa n'igiti cy'inyanya urumuri, ibigitunga n'amazi. Ibyatsi kandi biba indiri y'indwara n'ibyonnyi. Ibyatsi bibi bibagarwa hakoreshejwe  intoki cyangwa isuka.<ref name=":9">{{Cite web |url=https://muhaziyacu.rw/amakuru/gatsibo-abahinzi-binyanya-bahamya-ko-ari-igihingwa-gitanga-umusaruro-iyo-cyitaweho/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-02-26 |archive-date=2023-02-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230226151334/https://muhaziyacu.rw/amakuru/gatsibo-abahinzi-binyanya-bahamya-ko-ari-igihingwa-gitanga-umusaruro-iyo-cyitaweho/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[Dosiye:Tomato healthy food.jpg|thumb|296x296px|urunyanya]] === '''Ibitunga igihingwa n'inyongeramusaruro nkenerwa''' === Iyo inyanya zigeze aheza ubona ko zikeneye ibizitunga ni ngombwa ko hajyamo inyongeramusaruro uhereye igihe zitangiye kuzana imbuto. Ifumbire ikomoka ku matungo n'iyo mu ngarani ni zo nziza mu kongerera umusaruro umurima w'inyanya ushaka umusaruro w'umwimerere.<ref name=":8" /> Ifumbire isukika ikoze mu bimera cyangwa ingarani iba ngombwa cyane cyane igihe imbuto zimaze kuza kugira ngo izindi zikomeze ziyongere. Naho ku musaruro utari umwimerere, inyongeramusaruro z'ubwoko butandukanye zishobora kongerwamo kugira ngo umusaruro utubuke.<ref name=":9" /> === Guhangana n'indwara n'ibyonnyi ku nyanya === Indwara z'ingenzi zifata  inyanya ni ukubora zikiri nto, cyangwa kubora zikuze, naho byonnyi by'ngenzi by'inyanya ni imiswa, isazi zera, udukoko turya amababi  (''Tuta absoluta'') n'utumatirizi.<ref name=":8" /><ref name=":9" /> === '''''Kirabiranya''''' === Iyi ndwara ituma urunyanya ruraba vuba kandi rugapfa burundu rwose rutabanje guhinduka umuhondo cyangwa ngo amababi abanze azane ibibara. Igiti cyose kirapfa. Ubusanzwe bikunda kuba mu gihe igipimo cy'ubushyuhe kigera kuri dogere 32o C cyangwa hejuru yaho. Urunyanya ruraba rugifite ibara ry'icyatsi kibisi. Iyo igiti cy`urunyanya rwarabye bagikase usanga intimatima ibobereye n'amazi y'umukara, kandi wakanda igiti cyatemwe hakaza amazi yera, y'umuhondo cyangwa y'ikijuju anyerera. Iyo indwara imaze gukura kubora kw'intimatima bishobora gucukura umwobo muremure mu giti cyose.<ref name=":10">https://yegob.rw/menya-impamvu-kurya-inyanya-mbisi-ari-bibi-kurusha-izitetse/</ref> === '''Guhangana nayo''' === * Iyo inyanya zagaragayeho iyi ndwara ari nke zigomba guhita zikurwa mu murima * Guhinduranya ibihingwa mu murima by'igihe kirekire (ibihe by'ihinga 3-4).<ref name=":10" /> [[Dosiye:Tomaat neusrot (Solanum lycopersicum).jpg|thumb|Tomaat neusrot (Solanum lycopersicum)]] === '''Cyumya (''Fusarium oxysporum'' sp. ''Lycopersici'')''' === Amababi y'inyanya yo hasi ahinduka umuhondo ubundi akuma. Ibiti byinshi by'inyanya bishobora kugaragaza ibyo bimenyetso. Amababi y'uruhande rumwe ashobora kwandura mu gihe ayo ku rundi ruhande ari mazima. Amababi yanduye yihungura ku giti. Iyo ibiti byanduye biri hejuru gato y'ubutaka n'agati gatereyeho amababi ubitemye hagaragara amatembabuzi y'ikijuju  kivanze n'umutuku.<ref name=":11">{{Cite web |url=http://www.agasaro.com/spip.php?article4033 |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-02-26 |archive-date=2025-02-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250225151931/http://www.agasaro.com/spip.php?article4033 |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[Dosiye:Solanum lycopersicum sl5.jpg|thumb|Solanum lycopersicum]] Uduhumyo duturuka  haba ku mbuto haba no mu butaka. Dukunda kwangiza cyane ahari ubutaka bworoshye bw'urusenyi. Dukunda kuba ahari igipimo cy'ubushyuhe buri hagati ya dogere 25 na 320 C. Imiyege ishobora kuguma mu butaka  no mu gihe nta gihingwa cy'inyanya cyaba kiri mu murima. Gishobora kandi kuguma kubaho  mu mizi y'ibyatsi bibi.<ref name=":11" /> === '''Guhangana n'iyi ndwara:''' === * Guhinga ubwoko bw'inyanya budapfa kwandura * Guhinga imbuto zemewe ko zifite ubuziranenge * Kudahumbika mu butaka bwigeze kuyogozwa n'indwara ya Cyumya * Ahari ubutaka busharira, kubugabanya bashyiramo ishwagara cyangwa ifumbire y`imborera * Kwirinda gukoresha inyongeramusaruro zirimo azote nyinshi no kwirinda iminyorogoto ituma imizi yipfundika.<ref name=":11" /> === '''Indwara y'ibibara ku mababi y'inyanya''' (''Alternaria solani'') === Ibibara biza ku mababi  kubera iyi ndwara y'ubushye biba ari ishusho y'uruziga kugeza kuri mm 12 z'umurambararo, bikaba ikijuju kandi kenshi bikagira ishusho y'uruziga ari cyo gitandukanya iyi ndwara n'izindi ndwara zizana ibibara ku mamabi y'inyanya. === '''Kwirinda iyi ndwara:''' === * Gutera ubwoko budapfa gufatwa n'iyi ndwara * Guhinga imbuto bwemewe ko bwujuje ubuziranenge, niba ukoresheje imbuto zawe, amazi ashyushye yagufasha kuvura imbuto zawe * Gutera ingemwe zitarwaye * Guhinduranya n'ibihingwa bigira indabo nk`intoryi, urusenda, ibirayi,… * Gushingirira no gukuraho ibisambo ku bwoko burebure * Mu gihe indwara ibaye akarande, gutera imiti yo kurinda ubutaka irimo umuringa. === '''Ububore (''Phytophthora infestans'')''' === Ibimenyetso by'ububore ni ibibara bitameze kimwe bitanazira rimwe  by'icyatsi kijya kuba umukara, n'ibibara bisa n'ibyinitse mu mazi bigaragara ku mababi. Ibyo bibara nyuma bihinduka ikigina maze amenshi mu mababi yafashwe akaraba ariko agakomeza gufata ku gihimba. === '''Kwirinda iyi ndwara:''' === * Guhinga ubwoko budapfa gufatwa n'iyi ndwara * Gutera ingemwe nzima * Gushingirira no gukiza ibisambo ku bwoko burebure * Guhinduranya imyaka mu murima. === '''Kubora k'umutwe w'urubuto(Physiological disorder)''' === Iyi ndwara iterwa no kubura k'umunyungugu wa Kalisiyumu no kuvomerera nabi ku buryo budahoraho. Iyo ndwara ifata umutwe w'urubuto. Itangira isa n'ikibara gisa n'icyinitse mu mazi kigenda gikura kigahinduka ikigina cyijimye gicukuye umwobo. Ubuso bw'aho yafashe burijima kandi bugakanyarara. Ahaboze haruma. === '''Kuyirinda''' === * Kwirinda ko igihingwa kibura amazi mu gihe imbuto zigitangira kuzaho * Gushyira ishwagara mu butaka bubuzemo umunyu wa Kalisiyumu * Gutera umuti wagenewe uruyange urimo Kalisiyumu ku rugero rwa 0.5% mu gihe imbuto zitangiye kuza. === '''Uruhumbu''' === === '''''Virusi zifata inyanya''''' === Virusi zifata inyanya kenshi zikwirakwizwa n`udukoko nk'isazi yera, utumatirizi n'inda z'ibihingwa. Ikimenyetso gikomeye cy'iyi ndwara ni amababi  ahinduka ibara ry`umweru cyangwa umuhondo werurutse cyangwa ishusho y'udupande dushushinyije ku mababi mu mabara y'icyatsi  amwe yerurutse andi yijimye. Kenshi na kenshi indwara ziterwa na virusi zituma igihingwa kigwingira mu mikurire yacyo, ibice byacyo nk'igihimba n'amababi bigata isura y'umwimerere. Indwara ziterwa na virusi ku nyanya  harimo : * Virusi y'ububembe bw'itabi cyangwa Ububembe bw'inyanya (TMV/ u ToMV) * Virusi y'Ububembe bw'uduhaza twitwa Konkombure (concombre) (CMV) * Virusi itera ibibara by'itabi(TEV) * Virusi  Y y`[[ibijumba]] (PVY) * Virusi y`ibirayi (PLRV) * Virusi itera ibibara by'inyanya (TSWV) * Virusi ya poivrons(PVMV) * Virusi y`urusenda(CVMV Ou Chivmv) * Virusi y`inyanya ihindura amababi umuhondo akanihina(TYLCV) === '''Uburyo busanzwe bwo kwirinda izi ndwara harimo:''' === * Guhinga ubwoko bwihanganira indwara no gutera imbuto zifite ubuziranenge * Kurinda ingemwe mu buhumbikiro hakoreshejwe umwenda w`imyenge * Gucungana n'udukoko twaza mu murima * Gukuramo ibyatsi bibi n'indabo biba indiri y'udukoko dutera indwara * Gukuramo ingemwe zanduye * Kwirinda ko ingenwe zifatana * Gukura mu murima ingemwe zameze nabi n'imizi * Abakozo ntibagomba kunywa itabi cyangwa kohereza umwotsi waryo mu murima w'inyanya kuko zishobora kwandura virusi iturutse mu itabi. === I'''byonyi bikunda gufata inyanya''' === Ubukoko bw`ingenzi bw`ibyonnyi bufata inyanya ni igitangangurirwa gitukura,ubukoko bw'ikijuju, inzoka zo mu mbuto, isazi yera, udukoko turya amababi y'inyanya n'utumatirizi. === '''Isazi zera''' === Izi ni isazi zera munsi y`ibabi. Isazi nkuru zigira hafi mm 1 y`uburebure. Izi sazi ni ibyonyi bibi cyane ku nyanya. Isazi zera zifata inyanya kuva zikiri ingemwe kugeza igihe zimaze gukura. Zinyunyuza amatembabuzi mu mababi, zigatuma igihingwa gicika intege. [[Dosiye:Stevia rebaudiana TSWV symptoms 28.jpg|thumb|Indwara y'inyanya]] Igihingwa kigaburira izo sazi bigatuma amababi yafashwe ahinduka umuhondo. Ariko kwangiza gukomeye guterwa n'izi sazi ntabwo guhita kugaragara nk`izindi ndwara ziterwa na virusi, bwo bugaragara nyuma. Isazi zera zohereza virusi zitera indwara mu nyanya. By`umwihariko ni yo itera amababi y`inyanya kuba umuhondo no kwihinahina(TYLCV). Umubare muto w`izi sazi ntabwo uhita utera igihingwa kononekara by'ako ako kanya, ariko n`ubwo zaba nke ni ngombwa ko zigenzurwa mu turere zikunda kugaragaramo cyane. ==== '''Kuzirinda:''' ==== * Igihe cyo guhinga n'igihe cyo kugemeka: mu gihe bishoboka, kudahinga inyanya mu gihe isazi zera zikunda kugaragaramo. * Kugenzura ibihingwa ku buryo buhoraho. * Gukoresha umutego w`umuhondo umatira ufata amasazi yera akuze. * Kubagara umurima w`inyanya hakiri kare kandi ugakomeza kutabamo ibyatsi * Guteramo umuti ukoze mu giti cyitwa Neem ( soma "Nimu"). Umuti wica ubukoko ukoze muri Nimu uzwiho kugabanya ikwirakwizwa ry`amagi y`isazi zera, ukabuza ibyana byazo gukura kandi ukagabanya ku buryo bugaragara ibyago byo gukwirakwira kwa virusi * Gutera imiti y'amazi n'isabune byabugenewe na byo birinda izo sazi * [[Dosiye:20160528 Whitstable - Solanum lycopersicum 1.jpg|thumb|Umusaruro w'inyany]]Gutera ibihingwa bikumira udukoko dukwirakwiza virusi.<ref>https://bwiza.com/?Abacuruzi-b-inyanya-babangamiwe-n-igihombo-giterwa-no-kubura-abaguzi</ref> === '''''Inda''  (''Aphis gossypii'', ''Myzus persicae'')''' === Inda zangiza ibihingwa nk'inyanya, ipamba, (''Aphis gossypii,'' green peach aphid (''Myzus persicae'') zinyunyuza amatembabuzi y'igihingwa, bityo bigatuma igihingwa kidakura neza. Utu dukoko tubyara kandi ibizi byanduye bimatira nk' [[ubuki]] bibuza igihingwa gukura, bikanambura ubwiza imbuto igihe zigeze ku isoko. Izo nda zishobora kandi kwanduza indwara ziterwa na virusi nka virusi itera ububore bwa concombre.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://umuseke.rw/2021/10/huye-abahinzi-binyanya-barataka-kubura-isoko-ryumusaruro-wabo/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-02-26 |archive-date=2023-02-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230226151346/https://umuseke.rw/2021/10/huye-abahinzi-binyanya-barataka-kubura-isoko-ryumusaruro-wabo/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> === '''Kuyirinda''' === * Korora udukoko turya inda: ubusanzwe birashoboka gucungana na zo hakoreshejwe udukoko tuzirya duitandukanye. By'umwihariko,  ni ngombwa kwirinda gukoresha imiti myinshi yica ubukoko kuko nayo yica utwo dukoko tuzihashya. * Gukoresha isaso irwanya ubukoko. Isaso ishakisha ubukoko ikoze muri aluminium ibuza inda  kugwa ku bihingwa. Igihe iyo saso itagira umumaro ni igihe ibihingwa bigaye cyane ku buryo birenga ku isaso.<ref name=":12">{{Cite web |url=https://www.abbagospel.net/Akamaro-k-inyanya-ku-ruhu-rw-umuntu.html |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-02-26 |archive-date=2023-02-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230226151336/https://www.abbagospel.net/Akamaro-k-inyanya-ku-ruhu-rw-umuntu.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> ===  '''TUTA Absoluta''' === Tuta absoluta ni agakoko kangiza kibasira inyanya cyane cyane n’ibindi bihingwa byo mu muryango umwe n’inyanya (solanacea).<ref name=":12" /> ==== '''Ibimenyetso:''' ==== Tuta abusoluta yibasira cyane cyane amababi n’ibihimba. Ishobora kandi kuboneka munsi y’urugori rw’urubuto ndetse n’imbere rimwe na rimwe.Ubwone bukabije bw’aka gakoko butuma amababi yuma ndetse rimwe na rimwe n’igihingwa cyose  kikuma.<ref name=":13">https://umurengezi.com/huye-abahinzi-binyanya-barataka-igihombo-baterwa-no-kuziburira-isoko/</ref> ==== '''Kuyirwanya''' ==== Bayirwanya bakoresha imiti nka mamectin benzoate na Abamectin bayisimburanya kugira ngo irwanye udukoko dukuze n’ibyana cyangwa amagi yayo.<ref name=":13" /> === Gusarura inyanya === Igihe cyo kwera kiba gitandukanye, kuva ku minsi 55 kugeza ku minsi 105. Ni byiza gusarura imbuto zihishije neza ariko zigikomeye. Amoko menshi agira inyanya z`umutuku wijimye. Inyanya zasaruwe zigomba gushyirwa mu gicucu mu gipimo cy`ubushyuhe  kiri munsi ya dogere  25oC n'ubuhehere buri hagati ya 80-90%.Urumuri si ngombwa ku nyanya zeze imburagihe. Inyanya zikiri icyatsi zishobora gusarurwa zikazagurishwa haciyemo igihe.<ref name=":14">https://www.bbc.com/gahuza/amakuru-49984065</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.intyoza.com/2018/12/03/rusizi-kutagira-isoko-rihoraho-bitera-igihombo-abahinzi-binyanya/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-02-26 |archive-date=2023-02-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230226151346/https://www.intyoza.com/2018/12/03/rusizi-kutagira-isoko-rihoraho-bitera-igihombo-abahinzi-binyanya/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Gufata nabi inyama zimaze gusarurwa bishobora kwica ubwiza bwazo ku buryo bworoshye. Inyanya zasaruwe bisaba kuzitondera kugira ngo batazikomeretsa cyangwa ngo bazivange n`izangiritse. Ni byiza ko inyanya zisarurwa mu gihe igipimo cy`ubushyuhe ari cyiza nka mu gitondo cyangwa  nimugoroba. Umusaruro w`inyanya uratandukana bitewe n`ubwoko bwazo,bitewe n`uburyo zahinzwe n`uburyo zitawemo.<ref name=":14" /><ref>https://www.scoopernews.com/2023/02/22/akamaro-k-inyanya-mu-gikorwa-cyo-gutera-akabariro-hagati-y-abashakanye/39642069</ref> === Gufata neza umusaruro w'inyanya<ref>https://inyarwanda.com/rw/amakuru/menya-ibintu-11-bitangaje-nakamaro-kinyanya-ku-ruhu-ku-musatsi-no-ku-buzima-bwawe-95705</ref> === [[Dosiye:Heirloom tomatoes 20170602-AMS-PJK-0132 (35054884775).jpg|thumb|Kubiaka Inyanya]] Inyanya zigisarurwa ziba ziteguye guhita zigurishwa ako kanya.  N`ubwo inyanya zishyirwa mu mboga zipfa vuba, zimara iminsi itatu cyangwa ine zibistwe ku gipimo cy`ubushyuhe bwo mu cyumba zirimo, zikaba zamara iminsi irenga icyumweru mu cyuma gikonjesha. Zishobora guhita zitunganywa mu ruganda iyo zimaze gusukurwa. Inyanya zishobora kubikwa mu dukopo mu ruganda ruzitunganya kandi zikabasha kubikika igihe kinini. Urusukume rw`inyanya rukorwa mu nyanya zikiri nshya kandi zishobora kubikika mu gihe kinini gishoboka mu gakopo gafunze neza umwuka utinjiramo. Inyanya zibitse mu dukopo zishobora kubikika igihe gitandukanye bitewe n`aho zateganyirijwe gukoreshwa.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.inyenyerinews.org/amakuru-2/i-kigali-nabakire-baratabaza-inyanya-zarahenze-kurusha-sositomate/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-02-26 |archive-date=2023-02-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230226151334/https://www.inyenyerinews.org/amakuru-2/i-kigali-nabakire-baratabaza-inyanya-zarahenze-kurusha-sositomate/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://umwezi.rw/?p=5139</ref> ==== AKAMARO K'INYANYA ==== 1.ZIRINDA INDWARA YA KANSERI 2.ZIFASHA MU KUGABANYA UMUVUDUKO W'AMARASO 3.ZIFASHISHWA N'UMUNTU USHAKA KU GUTAKAZA AMARASO <ref>https://inyarwanda.com/rw/amakuru/menya-ibintu-11-bitangaje-nakamaro-kinyanya-ku-ruhu-ku-musatsi-no-ku-buzima-bwawe-95705</ref> 4.ZIFASHA URUHU KUMERA NEZA NO KUGIRA UMUSATSI MWIZA...<ref>https://inyarwanda.com/rw/amakuru/menya-ibintu-11-bitangaje-nakamaro-kinyanya-ku-ruhu-ku-musatsi-no-ku-buzima-bwawe-95705</ref> === Amashakiro === [[Category:Ibimera]] [[Category:Imboga]] [[Category:Ibiribwa]] [[Ikiciro:Ibidukikije]] [[Ikiciro:Ibiti]] bz41nx62p79hiw1abd883ep15qqrdc8 0 7944 133302 115657 2026-06-27T18:08:25Z Igiraneza Divine 15375 Impinduka 133302 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Faisal_Al_Saud_at_the_UN_meeting.jpg|thumb|289x289px|Umwami Faisal Al Saud ]] '''Faisal Bin Abdulaziz Al Saud''' ({{lang-ar|فيصل&#32;بن&#32;عبدالعزيز&#32;آل&#32;سعود}} ''{{transl|ar|Fayṣal ibn ‘Abd al-‘Azīz Āl Su‘ūd}}''; 14 Mara 1906 – 25 Werurwe 1975) yari umwami wa [[Arabiya Sawudite]] guhera taliki ebyiri (2) z' ukwezi kwa cumi na kumwe (11) mu 1964 kugeza kuri makumyabiri n' eshanu (25) Werurwe (ukwezi kwa gatatu) mu 1975. Yakoze ibikorwa bitandukanye mu kuzamura imibereho myiza y' Abanyafurika harimo nk'ibitaro bikomeye biri mu Rwanda byaje kumwitirirwa. [[Category:Arabiya Sawudite]] 9dlte5k9u8pr1h6tpet04wfpyzwlwxo 0 8471 133335 127027 2026-06-28T04:21:48Z InternetArchiveBot 9716 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 133335 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox writer|name=Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie|period=2003–present|website={{url|https://www.chimamanda.com}}|module={{Listen| embed=yes |filename = Chimamanda_Ngozi_Adichie_bbc_radio4_front_row_03_05_2013.flac |title = Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie's voice |type = speech |description = from the BBC programme ''[[Front Row (radio programme)|Front Row]]'', 3 May 2013.<ref>{{Cite episode | title= Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie |series= Front Row |serieslink= Front Row (radio programme) |url= http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b01s4vfn |station= [[BBC Radio 4]] |date= 3 May 2013 |accessdate= 18 January 2014 }}</ref> }}|awards=[[MacArthur Fellowship]] (2008)|children=1|spouse={{marriage|Ivara Esege|2009}}<ref name=Brockes />|notableworks=''[[Purple Hibiscus]]'' (2003)<br />''[[Half of a Yellow Sun]]'' (2006)<br />''[[Americanah]]'' (2013) <br /> ''[[We Should All Be Feminists]]'' (2014)|movement=|genre=|alma_mater=[[Eastern Connecticut State University]] (BA) <br />[[Johns Hopkins University]] (MA) <br />[[Yale University]] (MA)|image=Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie 9374.JPG|nationality=[[Nigerian]]|occupation=[[Novelist]], short story writer, [[non-fiction|non-fiction writer]]|death_place=|death_date=|birth_place=[[Enugu]], [[Enugu State]], Nigeria|birth_date={{Birth date and age|df=yes|1977|9|15}}|birth_name=<!--if different-->|pseudonym=|caption=Adichie in 2013|imagesize=}}{{Infobox writer|name=Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie|period=2003–present|website={{url|https://www.chimamanda.com}}|module={{Listen| embed=yes |filename = Chimamanda_Ngozi_Adichie_bbc_radio4_front_row_03_05_2013.flac |title = Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie's voice |type = speech |description = from the BBC programme ''[[Front Row (radio programme)|Front Row]]'', 3 May 2013.<ref>{{Cite episode | title= Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie |series= Front Row |serieslink= Front Row (radio programme) |url= http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b01s4vfn |station= [[BBC Radio 4]] |date= 3 May 2013 |accessdate= 18 January 2014 }}</ref> }}|awards=[[MacArthur Fellowship]] (2008)|children=1|spouse={{marriage|Ivara Esege|2009}}<ref name=Brockes />|notableworks=''[[Purple Hibiscus]]'' (2003)<br />''[[Half of a Yellow Sun]]'' (2006)<br />''[[Americanah]]'' (2013) <br /> ''[[We Should All Be Feminists]]'' (2014)|movement=|genre=|alma_mater=[[Eastern Connecticut State University]] (BA) <br />[[Johns Hopkins University]] (MA) <br />[[Yale University]] (MA)|image=Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie 9374.JPG|nationality=[[Nigerian]]|occupation=[[Novelist]], short story writer, [[non-fiction|non-fiction writer]]|death_place=|death_date=|birth_place=[[Enugu]], [[Enugu State]], Nigeria|birth_date={{Birth date and age|df=yes|1977|9|15}}|birth_name=<!--if different-->|pseudonym=|caption=Adichie in 2013|imagesize=}}'''Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie''' ( /ˌ tʃ ɪ m ɑː m ɑː n d ə ə n ɡ oʊ z i ə d i tʃ eɪ / ([[null|link=|Ibyerekeye iri jwi]] / ) ; [note 1] yavutse 15 Nzeri 1977) ni umwanditsi Nigeria ufite ibikorwa kuva ku bitabo imigani gito birimo inkuru. Yavuzwe mu ''kinyamakuru The Times Literary Supplement'' nk '"icyamamare" mu "mutambagiro w’abanditsi b’ururimi rwa anglophone uzwi cyane [ukaba] urimo gukurura igisekuru gishya cy’abasomyi mu buvanganzo nyafurika". <ref>Copnall, James (16 December 2011), "Steak Knife", ''[[The Times Literary Supplement]]'', p. 20.</ref> [[Dosiye:SheSaid_campaign_quoting_Chimamanda_Ngozi_Adichie.jpg|thumb|Umwanditsi w'ibitabo ufite inkomoko muri Nigeria Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie]] == Ubuzima bwe nuburere == Adichie yavukiye mu mujyi wa Enugu muri [[Nijeriya]], akura ari umwana wa gatanu mu bana batandatu bo mu muryango wa Igbo mu mujyi wa Nsukka muri Leta ya Enugu . Igihe yari amaze gukura, se, James Nwoye Adichie, yakoraga ari umwarimu w’ibarurishamibare muri kaminuza ya Nijeriya . Nyina, Grace Ifeoma, yari muri kaminuza mbere yabagore ya Gerefiye . <ref name="NPR">[https://www.npr.org/2014/03/18/291133080/news-maker "Feminism Is Fashionable For Nigerian Writer Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie"]. NPR, 18 March 2014.</ref> Uyu muryango watakaje ibintu hafi ya byose mu gihe cy’intambara yo muri Nijeriya, harimo na ba sekuru. Umudugudu w'abasekuruza b'umuryango we uri i Abba muri Leta ya Anambra . <ref>[http://www.l3.ulg.ac.be/adichie/cnabio.html "Biography"], The Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie website.</ref> Yarangije amashuri yisumbuye muri kaminuza ya Nigeriya yisumbuye, Nsukka, aho yakuye ibihembo byinshi by'amasomo. Yize ubuvuzi na farumasi muri kaminuza ya Nijeriya umwaka nigice. Muri icyo gihe, yahinduye ''ikinyamakuru The Compass,'' ikinyamakuru kiyobowe n’abanyeshuri b’ubuvuzi gatolika bo muri kaminuza. Ku myaka 19, Adichie yavuye muri Nijeriya yerekeza muri Amerika kwiga itumanaho na siyanse ya politiki muri kaminuza ya Drexel muri Philadelphia . Bidatinze, yimukiye muri kaminuza ya Leta ya Eastern Connecticut kugira ngo abe hafi ya mushiki we Uche, <ref>[https://www.vanityfair.com/culture/2016/04/chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-sisterhood "Why Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie Considers Her Sister a 'Firm Cushion' at Her Back"], ''[[Vanity Fair (magazine)|Vanity Fair]]'', May 2016.</ref> wari ufite ubuvuzi i Coventry, muri leta ya Connecticut . Mu gihe umwanditsi w'ibitabo yakuriye muri Nijeriya, ntabwo yari amenyereye kumenyekana n'ibara ry'uruhu rwe rwahindutse mu buryo butunguranye ageze muri Amerika muri kaminuza. Nkumunyamerika wumwirabura muri Amerika, Adichie yahise ahura nicyo bisobanura kuba umuntu wamabara muri Amerika. Irushanwa nkigitekerezo cyahindutse ikintu yagombaga kuyobora no kwiga. <ref>[https://www.npr.org/2013/06/27/195598496/americanah-author-explains-learning-to-be-black-in-the-u-s "'Americanah' Author Explains 'Learning' To Be Black In The U.S."], ''[[Fresh Air]]'', NPR, 27 June 2013.</ref> Yanditse kuri ibi mu gitabo cye cyitwa ''Americanah'' . Yabonye impamyabumenyi ihanitse muri kaminuza ya Leta ya Eastern Connecticut, itandukanya ''summa cum laude'' mu 2001. Adichie yari [https://web.archive.org/web/20200817192628/https://www.afterschoolafrica.com/22340/princeton-university-hodder-fellowship/ mugenzi wa Hodder] muri kaminuza ya Princeton mu mwaka w'amashuri wa 2005–2006. Muri 2008 yahawe igihembo cya MacArthur . Yahawe kandi ubusabane bwa 2011–2012 n'ikigo cya Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study, Universite ya Harvard . Adichie agabanya igihe cye hagati y’Amerika, na Nijeriya, aho yigisha amahugurwa yo kwandika. Muri 2016, yahawe impamyabumenyi y'icyubahiro - Umuganga w’inyuguti za Humane, ''honouris causa'', na kaminuza ya Johns Hopkins . <ref>[http://hub.jhu.edu/2016/04/22/honorary-degrees-hopkins-commencement-2016/ "Eight to receive Johns Hopkins honorary degrees at commencement ceremony"], ''HUB'', Johns Hopkins University, 22 April 2016.</ref> <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20181110040427/https://thisisafrica.me/18899-2/ "You can now call her Dr Adichie"], This Is Africa, 19 May 2016.</ref> Muri 2017, yahawe impamyabumenyi y'icyubahiro - Dogiteri w'inzandiko za Humane, ''honoris causa'', na Haverford College <ref>[https://www.haverford.edu/commencement/honorary-degrees "Commencement 2017 Honorary Degrees"], Haverford College, 15 May 2017.</ref> na kaminuza ya Edinburgh . <ref>[http://www.ed.ac.uk/news/2017/acclaimed-author-receives-honorary-degree "Acclaimed author receives honorary degree"], The University of Edinburgh, 28 July 2017.</ref> Muri 2018, yabonye impamyabumenyi y'icyubahiro, Dogiteri w'Amabaruwa ya Humane, yakuye muri Amherst College . Yabonye impamyabumenyi y'icyubahiro, umuganga ''honis causa'', yakuye muri Université de Friborg, mu [[Ubusuwisi|Busuwisi]], mu 2019. <ref>[https://www.unifr.ch/news/fr/22272/l-crivaine-nigriane-chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-devient-docteure-honoris-causa-de-l-universit-de-fribourg?&p=1 "L'écrivaine nigériane Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie devient docteure honoris causa de l'Université de Fribourg"], Université de Fribourg, 15 November 2019.</ref> Mu kiganiro cyasohotse mu kinyamakuru cyitwa ''Financial Times'' muri Nyakanga 2016, Adichie yatangaje ko afite umwana w'umukobwa. Mu mwirondoro wa Adichie, wasohotse mu kinyamakuru ''The New Yorker'' muri Kamena 2018, Larissa MacFarquhar yaranditse ati: "umugabo yarangije gushaka mu 2009 yari akwiriye gusetsa: umuganga wo muri Nijeriya wakoraga imyitozo muri Amerika, se akaba yari umuganga akaba n'inshuti ya ababyeyi be. " Adichie ni Umugatolika kandi yakuze ari Umugatolika akiri umwana, nubwo abona ko ibitekerezo bye, cyane cyane ibyo ku gitsina gore, rimwe na rimwe bivuguruza idini rye. Mu birori byabereye muri kaminuza ya Georgetown mu 2017, yavuze ko idini "atari ikigo cyita ku bagore" kandi ko "ryakoreshejwe mu gutsindishiriza igitugu gishingiye ku gitekerezo cy'uko abagore batangana n'abantu." Yahamagariye abayobozi b'Abakristu n'Abayisilamu muri Nijeriya kwamamaza ubutumwa bw'amahoro n'ubumwe. [[Dosiye:Chimamanda_Ngozi_Adichie_9363.JPG|thumb|Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie 9363]] == Umwuga wo kwandika == Umwimerere wa Ngozi Adichie kandi wambere waturutse kuri Chinua Achebe, nyuma yo gusoma nyakwigendera Prof. "Ibintu Bitandukana" bya Chinua Achebe, afite imyaka 10. Adichie yatewe inkunga no kubona ubuzima bwe bugaragara kurupapuro. Adichie yasohoye icyegeranyo cy'imivugo mu 1997 ( ''Ibyemezo'' ) n'ikinamico ( ''Kubwurukundo rwa Biafra'' ) mu 1998. Yari yatoranyijwe mubazahabwa igihembo mu 2002 Caine Prize kubwigitabo cye "wowe muri Amerika", <ref>[https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=Y1Sv87gyGcoC&pg=PA5&lpg=PA5&dq=%22You+in+America%22+Chimamanda+Adichie+2002&source=bl&ots=cEwCGo2K1H&sig=xk4zox809QBCm8AAeMXC0zo97cM&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjkje-FvP7VAhWrK8AKHSJ8BtcQ6AEIazAO#v=onepage&q=%22You%20in%20America%22%20Chimamanda%20Adichie%202002&f=false "You in America"], in ''Discovering Home: A selection of writings from the 2002 Caine Prize for African Writing'', Jacana, 2003, pp. 27–34.</ref> <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200727211613/http://kwani.org/publication/kwanini-series/3/you_in_america.htm "You in America"], Kwanini? Series, 2006.</ref> kandi inkuru ye "Uwo ibimutunga Morning" Byahiswemo ari wegukanye yahuje 2002 BBC World Service Short Story Ibihembo. <ref>[http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/arts/competition/story.shtml "Short Story Competition 2002"], BBC World Service.</ref> Mu 2003, yatsindiye igihembo cya O. Henry kubera "Ambasade y'Abanyamerika", na David T. Wong International Story Story Award 2002/2003 (Igihembo cya PEN Centre). <ref>[http://www.l3.ulg.ac.be/adichie/cnaawards.html "Awards & Nominations"], Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie website; [https://web.archive.org/web/20150924072414/http://www.pen.org/fiction/half-yellow-sun PEN.org "Half of a Yellow Sun"], full story.</ref> Inkuru ze nazo zasohotse muri ''Zoetrope: Byose-Inkuru'', ''n'ikinyamakuru Topic Magazine'' . <ref>[http://www.webdelsol.com/Topic/articles/03/adichie.html "Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie: Home is Where the Heart Was"], ''Topic Magazine'', Issue 3, Winter 2003.</ref> [[Igitabo]] cye cya mbere, ''Purple Hibiscus'' (2003), cyashimiwe cyane; yashyizwe ku rutonde rw'igihembo cya Orange kubera ibihimbano (2004) kandi gihabwa igihembo cy'abanditsi ba Commonwealth kubera igitabo cya mbere cyiza (2005). ''Purple Hibiscus'' atangiye afite quote wagutse kuva Chinua Achebe 's ''Ibintu Fall .'' [[File:Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie at a book signing in Berlin, Germany on 16 May 2014.jpg|thumb|Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie at a book signing in Berlin, Germany on 16 May 2014]] Igitabo cye cya kabiri, ''Igice cya kabiri cy'izuba ry'umuhondo'' (2006), cyiswe ibendera ry'igihugu cya Biafra igihe gito, cyashyizwe mbere ndetse no mu gihe cy'intambara yo muri Nijeriya. Yakiriye igihembo cya Orange 2007 cyo guhimbano hamwe na Anisfield-Wolf Book Award . <ref>[http://www.anisfield-wolf.org/books/half-of-a-yellow-sun/ "Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie | Half of a Yellow Sun"], Winners, The 82nd Annual Anisfield-Wolf Book Awards, 2007.</ref> ''Kimwe cya kabiri cy'izuba ry'umuhondo'' cyahinduwe muri filime yitiriwe izina rimwe iyobowe na Biyi Bandele, yakinnye na BAFTA wegukanye igihembo ndetse n'umukandida wahawe igihembo cya Akademiki Chiwetel Ejiofor na Thandie Newton wegukanye BAFTA, akaba yararekuwe mu 2014. <ref>Felperin, Leslie (10 November 2013), [http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/review/a-yellow-sun-london-review-647828 "Half of a Yellow Sun: London Review"], ''[[The Hollywood Reporter]]''.</ref> Igitabo cya gatatu cya Adichie, ''The Thing Around Your Neck'' (2009), ni icyegeranyo cy'inkuru 12 zerekana isano iri hagati y'abagabo n'abagore, ababyeyi n'abana, [[Afurika]] na Amerika. Mu mwaka wa 2010, yashyizwe ku rutonde rw'abanditsi ba ''New Yorker'' "20 munsi ya 40". Inkuru ya Adichie "Ceiling" yashyizwe mu gitabo cy’umwaka wa 2011 cyiza cyane cyo muri ''Amerika'' . Igitabo cye cya gatatu cyitwa ''Americanah'' (2013), ubushakashatsi bwakozwe n’umusore ukomoka muri Nijeriya wahuye n’amoko muri Amerika cyatoranijwe na ''The New York Times'' nka kimwe mu "Ibitabo 10 byiza bya 2013". <ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2013/12/15/books/review/the-10-best-books-of-2013.html?mcubz=3 "The 10 Best Books of 2013"], ''The New York Times'', 4 December 2013.</ref> Muri Mata 2014, yiswe umwe mu banditsi 39 bari munsi y’imyaka 40 <ref>[http://www.hayfestival.com/artistlist-a-d.aspx?skinid=27&festivalid=95&localesetting=en-GB List of artists], Africa39.</ref> mu iserukiramuco rya Hay na Rainbow Book Club umushinga wa Afurika39, bizihiza Port Harcourt UNESCO [[Umurwa]] mukuru w’ibitabo by’isi 2014. <ref>Attree, Lizzy (10 April 2014), [https://web.archive.org/web/20200727211752/http://caineprize.com/blog/2015/12/1/africa39-and-caine-prize-authors-by-lizzy-attree?rq=%22You%20In%20America%22 "Africa39 and Caine Prize authors"], The Caine Prize Blog.</ref> Amagambo magufi ya Adichie, "Mama, Umusazi nyafurika" araganira ku bibazo bivuka iyo uhuye n'imico ibiri itandukanye rwose. Ku ruhande rumwe, hari umuco gakondo wo muri Nijeriya ufite uruhare rugaragara rw'uburinganire, mu gihe muri Amerika hari umudendezo mwinshi mu buryo uburinganire bw'umugabo n'umugore bakora, kandi ntibibuza abakiri bato. Ralindu, nyamukuru, ahura niki kibazo nababyeyi be mugihe yakuriye i Philadelphia, mugihe bakuriye muri Nijeriya. Adichie yibira cyane mubikorwa byuburinganire nimigenzo nibibazo bishobora kubaho kubera iki. Muri 2015, [https://web.archive.org/web/20200925170555/https://pen.org/2020-world-voices-digital/ yayoboye iserukiramuco rya PEN World Voices Festival] . Mu 2014 kiganiro, Adichie yavuze feminism (uburinganire)no kwandika: "Nibaza ubwanjye ari storyteller ariko sinashatse bwenge Ku Byose NIBA umuntu bari gutekereza yanjye nk'uko umwanditsi gore. . . Ndi umunyarwandakazi cyane muburyo mbona isi, kandi uko isi ibona bigomba kuba bimwe mubikorwa byanjye. " Muri Werurwe 2017, ''Americanah'' yatowe nk'uwatsindiye gahunda ya "Igitabo kimwe, New York", <ref>Weller, Chris (16 March 2017), [https://web.archive.org/web/20180202071612/http://uk.businessinsider.com/one-book-one-new-york-book-club-2017-3?r=US&IR=T "New Yorkers just selected a book for the entire city to read in America's biggest book club"], ''Business Insider''.</ref> <ref>[http://www1.nyc.gov/site/mome/initiatives/1book1ny.page "One Book, One New York | And the winner is..."], NYC.</ref> muri gahunda yo gusoma abaturage bashishikariza abatuye umujyi bose gusoma igitabo kimwe . <ref>Williams, John (31 January 2017), [https://www.nytimes.com/2017/01/31/books/one-book-one-new-york-program-announced.html "One Book for Five Boroughs"], ''The New York Times''.</ref> Muri Mata 2017, hatangajwe ko Adichie yatorewe kuba mu cyiciro cya 237 cy'Ishuri Rikuru ry'Ubuhanzi n'Ubumenyi rya Amerika, kikaba ari kimwe mu byubahiro bihebuje abanyabwenge bo muri Amerika, nk'umwe mu banyamuryango 228 bashya bazinjizwa ku ya 7 Ukwakira 2017 . <ref>[https://www.amacad.org/content/news/pressReleases.aspx?pr=20274 "American Academy of Arts and Sciences Elects 228 National and International Scholars, Artists, Philanthropists, and Business Leaders"], American Academy of Arts and Sciences.</ref> Igitabo aheruka gukora, ''Nshuti Ijeawele, cyangwa Manifeste ya Feministi mu Cyifuzo Cumi na Gatanu'', cyasohowe muri Werurwe 2017, cyaturutse mu ibaruwa Adichie yandikiye inshuti yari yarasabye inama z'uburyo yarera umukobwa we nk'umugore. <ref>Allardice, Lisa (28 April 2018), [https://www.theguardian.com/books/2018/apr/28/chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-feminism-racism-sexism-gender-metoo?subid=18198255&CMP=EMCNEWEML6619I2 "Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie: 'This could be the beginning of a revolution'"], ''The Guardian''.</ref> == Inyigisho == Adichie yavuze kuri "Akaga k'Inkuru imwe" ya TED mu 2009. Yabaye umwe mubantu icumi ba mbere bareba TED Ibiganiro byigihe cyose hamwe na miliyoni zirenga cumi neshanu. Ku ya 15 Werurwe 2012, yatanze ikiganiro "Guhuza imico" Inyigisho ya Commonwealth 2012 i Guildhall, London . Adichie yavuze kandi ku kuba umunyarwandakazi wa TEDxEuston mu Kuboza 2012, n'ijambo rye yise: "Twese tugomba kuba abategarugori". Yatangije ikiganiro ku isi hose ku gitsina gore kandi cyasohowe nk'igitabo mu 2014. Yatoranijwe ku ndirimbo " *** Flawless " ya 2013 n'umuhanzi w'umunyamerika Beyoncé, aho yakunze kwitabwaho. [[Dosiye:Chimamanda_creative_writing_workshop.JPG|thumb|Abanditsi bibitabo n'inkuru bakoranaga n'uyu mwanditsi w'umuhanga wo muri Nigeria ]] === "Akaga k'Inkuru imwe" === Adichie yavugiye mu kiganiro TED yise "Akaga k'Inkuru imwe" yashyizwe muri Nyakanga 2009. Muri yo, yagaragaje ko ahangayikishijwe no kudahagararira imico itandukanye. Yasobanuye ko akiri umwana muto, yakunze gusoma inkuru z'Abanyamerika n'Ubwongereza aho abantu bavugaga ahanini bakomoka muri Caucase. Muri iyo nyigisho, yavuze ko kutagaragaza imico itandukanye bishobora guteza akaga: "Ubu, nakunze ibyo bitabo by'Abanyamerika n'Abongereza nasomye. Banteye gutekereza no kumfungurira isi nshya. Ariko ingaruka zitagenderewe yari ko sinari nzi abantu ko nkanjye ashobora kubaho mu bitabo. " Mu nyigisho zose, yakoresheje anecdote kugiti cye kugirango yerekane akamaro ko gusangira inkuru zitandukanye. Yavuze muri make ibijyanye numuhungu wo murugo wakoreraga umuryango we witwa Fide avuga ko ikintu yamuziho ari ukuntu umuryango we wari umukene. Ariko, igihe umuryango wa Adichie wasuraga umudugudu wa Fide, nyina wa Fide yaberetse igitebo murumuna wa Fide yakoze, bituma amenya ko yatanze igitekerezo cye kuri Fide ashingiye kumateka imwe gusa. Adichie yagize ati: "Ntabwo nari natekereje ko umuntu uwo ari we wese mu muryango we ashobora gukora ikintu runaka. Ibyo numvise kuri bo nukuntu bakennye, kuburyo bitabaye ngombwa ko mbona ko ari ikindi kintu cyose uretse abakene. Ubukene bwabo ni yo nkuru yanjye yonyine kuri bo. " Yavuze kandi ko igihe yavaga muri Nijeriya akajya muri kaminuza ya Drexel, yahuye n'ingaruka z'umuco we bwite udahagarariwe. Umunyamerika babanaga yatunguwe no kubona Adichie azi [[icyongereza]] kandi ko atigeze yumva umuziki w'amoko. Yavuze kuri ibi: "Mugenzi wanjye twabanaga yari afite inkuru imwe ya Afurika: inkuru imwe y'ibiza. Muri iyi nkuru imwe, ntabwo bishoboka ko Abanyafurika basa na we mu buryo ubwo ari bwo bwose, nta byashobokaga ko ibyiyumvo bigoye kuruta impuhwe, nta nubwo bishoboka ko abantu bahuza. " Adichie yashoje inyigisho yerekana akamaro k'inkuru zitandukanye mumico itandukanye no guhagararirwa bikwiye. Yahamagariye kurushaho gusobanukirwa inkuru kuko abantu bigoye, avuga ko iyo usobanukiwe inkuru imwe gusa, umuntu asobanura nabi abantu, amateka yabo n'amateka yabo. === "Twese dukwiye kuba feministsn(abaharanira uburinganire)" === Mu mwaka wa 2012, Adichie yatanze ikiganiro cya TEDx yise: "Twese dukwiye kuba abategarugori", cyatangiwe kuri TedXEuston i Londres, kimaze kurebwa inshuro zirenga miliyoni eshanu. Yavuze ibyamubayeho byo kuba umunyafrica wigitsina gore, nigitekerezo cye kubijyanye no kubaka uburinganire nigitsina. Adichie yavuze ko ikibazo cyuburinganire ari uko gihindura abo turi bo. Yavuze kandi ati: “Ndarakaye. Uburinganire nkuko bukora muri iki gihe ni akarengane gakabije. Twese dukwiye kurakara. Uburakari bufite amateka maremare yo kuzana impinduka nziza, ariko usibye kurakara, nanjye mfite ibyiringiro kuko nizera cyane ubushobozi bwabantu bwo gukora no kwisubiraho neza. " <ref>[http://vialogue.wordpress.com/2013/12/30/ted-we-should-all-be-feminists-chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-at-tedxeuston-transcript/ "TED | We should all be feminists&nbsp;– Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie at TEDxEuston (transcript)"]. Vialogue, 30 December 2013.</ref>{{Listen||pos=right|filename=Beyonce - Flawless.ogg|title="Flawless"|description="Flawless" contains samples of Beyoncé's song "Bow Down / I Been On", and Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie's speech "We should all be feminists".|format=[[Ogg]]}} Bimwe mu biganiro bya TEDx bya Adichie byatoranijwe mu ndirimbo ya Beyoncé " flawless " mu Kuboza 2013. <ref>Raymer, Miles (4 September 2014), [https://web.archive.org/web/20141019080037/http://music-mix.ew.com/2014/09/04/beyonce-flawless-billboard-hot-100/ "'Billboard' Hot 100 recap: Beyonce's 'Flawless' finally hits the chart"], ''[[Entertainment Weekly]]''.</ref> Umutungo wa kane wasohoye inyandiko ishingiye ku mvugo nk'igitabo cyihariye, ''Twese Tugomba kuba Abagore'', muri 2014. Nyuma Adichie mu kiganiro NPR yavuze ko "ikintu cyose cyatuma urubyiruko ruvuga ku gitsina gore ari ikintu cyiza cyane." <ref name="NPR"/> Nyuma yaje kwemeza aya magambo mu kiganiro yagiranye n’ikinyamakuru cyo mu Buholandi ''De Volkskrant'' : "Ikindi nanze ni uko nasomye ahantu hose: ubu abantu barangije kumumenya, babikesha Beyoncé, cyangwa: agomba gushimira cyane. Nasanze ibyo bitantengushye. Natekereje nti: Ndi umwanditsi kandi maze igihe runaka kandi nanze kuririmbira muri iyi charade bigaragara ko ntegerejwe: 'Ndashimira Beyoncé, ubuzima bwanjye ntibuzongera kubaho ukundi.' Niyo mpamvu ntigeze mbivugaho byinshi. " Adichie yasobanuyeko ukuntu asobanura nukuntu ashimangira uburinganire bitandukanye n'uko Beyonce(umuhanzikazi) abikora, gusa yumvako bishimishije kuba umugore nkawe ahagarara mubya politiki n'imibereho y'abantu rusange mu myaka mike ishize. Ashimangirako umugore ushyira imbere umwuga we, ukora ibintu bye uko abyumva, afite imbaraga z'umwari. Ntwarwa cyane n'ibyo. == Ibihembo yakiriye == Ku ya 20 Gicurasi 2019, Ngozi Adichie yabonye impamyabumenyi y'icyubahiro yakuye muri kaminuza ya Yale . [[File:Ms._magazine_Cover_-_Summer_2014.jpg|thumb|Adichie ku gifuniko cy'ikinyamakuru ''Madamu'' muri 2014]] [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] r987760szygdotwtc41batgl68kamak 0 8741 133365 123065 2026-06-28T09:47:36Z InternetArchiveBot 9716 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 133365 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:King-faisal-hospital-kigali-logo.png|thumb|153x153px|Ikirango cy'ibitaro byitiriwe umwami Faisal ( King Faisal)]] [[Dosiye:Hospital room ubt.jpeg|thumb|Ibitaro]] '''[https://kfh.rw/ Ibitaro byitiriwe umwami Faisal, Kigali]''' byashinzwe hagati ya 1987 na 1991 hifashishijwe ikigega cya [[Arabiya Sawudite]] gishinzwe iterambere (SFD). Ni ibitaro binini byubatse kuri Hegitari 7.9. Biherereye ahantu hirengeye kandi ifite metero kare 18,000 zubutaka bwagabanijwe hejuru yamagorofa 4 ninyubako yagutse ya metero kare 2,285 yubutaka. Ibi bitaro bitanga ubuvuzi bwihariye, harimo gusuzuma indwara no kuvura byihariye. Aho bihererye ni Kacyiru, Kigali, Rwanda, mu Karere ka Gasabo, ku muhanda wa KG 544.<ref>https://kfh.rw/our-doctors/departments/</ref> == Ibikoresho == Ibitaro byitiriwe umwami Faisal, Kigali bifite ibitanda 160. Ibyo bikubiyemo ibitanda 7 by'abarwayi baba byitaweho cyane (ICU), ibitanda 7 byiganjemo abantu benshi, aho babagira 5, ibitanda 7 bya Neonatal Intensive Care Unit ( NICU ), ibitanda 13 mu byumba by’ubutabazi bwihutirwa n’ibyumba 2 by’ubutabazi bwuzuye. Ibitaro kandi bifite ibaba ryigenga rifite ibyumba 8 byo mu rwego rwo hejuru, 2 muri byo ni ibyumba bya ICU. Ugereranyije, impuzandengo ya buri mwaka umubare w’abarwayi bisuzumisha ni 72,201 ,umubare mpuzandengo w’abinjira ibitaro ni 8.346, iminsi yo kumara mubitaro muri rusange ni 5. Ibitaro byitiriwe umwami Faisal Kigali biherutse kugura Laboratwari nshya ya Cat ( Catheterisation ) hamwe na scaneri ya1.5 . Ibitaro kandi nibyo byonyine bifite scaneri ya CT ifite ubushobozi bwo gukata 128 mu gihugu kimwe n’imashini 13 za hemodialyse . Kuri ubu, ibitaro birimo gukora umushinga wo [https://constructionreviewonline.com/2020/01/king-faisal-hospital-in-rwanda-to-undergo-us-20m-facelift/ kuvugurura] no [https://www.newtimes.co.rw/news/we-want-attract-rwandan-medics-abroad-new-king-faisal-ceo kwagura] . Inzu nshya y’ubuvuzi irimo kubakwa igizwe n’ibyumba 45 by’ubujyanama n’ivuriro rishya ry’ubuvuzi rizatanga serivisi nziza. Icyiciro cya mbere cyumushinga wo kuvugurura cyibanze ku kuvugurura inzu y’ibitaro n’ibaba ryayo ryigenga ry’abarwayi. [[Dosiye:Going_into_MRI.jpg|thumb|201x201px|Gusuzuma nimwe muri Serivisi zitangirwa mu bitaro byitiriwe umwami Faisal bya Kigali]] == Umwihariko == Ibi bitaro byashoye imari mu buhanga bw’ubuvuzi harimo umutima, cardio-thoracic, neurosurgie na orthopedics. undi mwihariko harimo neprology, ubuvuzi bwihutirwa, ubuvuzi bw'abana, oncology, ginecology n'ababyaza, ENT, urology, pulmonology, amenyo na serivise za maxillofacial, amaso, ubuvuzi bw'uruhu, hematology, na serivisi z’indwara. == Kwemererwa == Ibitaro byitiriwe umwami Faisal, Kigali byemewe na (COHSASA). [https://web.archive.org/web/20210127184417/http://cohsasa.co.za/ COHSASA] ni urwego rufite icyicaro i Cape Town, muri [[Afurika y'Epfo]] rufite impamyabumenyi y’ubuvuzi nayo yemerwa na [https://isqua.org/ ISQua], umuryango mpuzamahanga ushinzwe ubuziranenge mu buvuzi. == Foundation y'ibitaro byitiriwe umwami Faisal Rwanda (KFHRF) == Fondasiyo y'ibitaro byitiriwe umwami Faisal [[Rwanda]] kuri ubu iri mu ntangiriro yayo nyuma ya gahunda y'ibikorwa yemejwe n'ibitaro mu Kwakira 2020. Mu rwego rw’ubuzima, intego nyamukuru za Fondasiyo ni ugushyigikira abashakashatsi binyuze mu kubatera inkunga, amahugurwa no koroherezwa mu gukwirakwiza amakuru y’ubushakashatsi, gushyiraho umubano w’ibikorwa n’ibigo bitera inkunga amasomo, bishingiye ku bushakashatsi no gutera inkunga amahugurwa y’abashakashatsi mu buvuzi. Igice gishinzwe imibereho myiza kigize urufatiro rw'iyi fondasiyo, ibitaro bizafasha muburyo bw'amafaranga abarwayi badafite ubushobozi bwo kwivuza bizakomeza gukangurira abaturage ibijyanye na NCDs, kwisuzumisha hakiri kare indwara zivukanwa nizisaba kubaga muburyo bwo kuzikumira. Byongeye kandi, fondasiyo izatera inkunga ingando zo kubaga / kwegera igihugu mu rwego rwo kugabanya urutonde rurerure rwo gutegereza mubindi bitaro . Hanyuma, murwego rwuburezi, fondasiyo izateza imbere ibikoresho bishya byo kwiga harimo kwigira kwikoranabuhanga no gutera inkunga Ubuvuzi bukomeza (CME). [[Dosiye:Tri-Service_General_Hospital_nahu-2.jpg|thumb|Inyubako z'ibitaro byitiriwe Umwami Faisal]] == Reba kandi == * Urutonde rw'ibitaro byo mu Rwanda * Ubuzima mu Rwanda == Reba == {{Reflist}} == Ihuza ryo hanze == * [https://www.newtimes.co.rw/section/read/207813/ Kuvugurura ibitaro bya King Faisal bitangira ukwezi gutaha] Kuva 8 Gashyantare 2017. [[Ikiciro:Ibitaro mu Rwanda|Umwami Faisal]] 7esw1bzo1vqqyxdjncsgjxnx1vf1ou5 0 9324 133346 128493 2026-06-28T07:18:06Z Itangishaka adino 18410 impinduka muri cast description 133346 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''2016''''' ni filimi yasohotse muri 2010 ikorerwa muri [[Gana]] mu buryo butaziguye iganisha ku bikorwa bya Siyansi<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://jamesemirzianwaldementersoftwareonwikia.fandom.com/wiki/2016_(2010_film) |title=2016 (2010 film) |publisher=JamesEmirzianWaldementerSoftwareOnWikia Wikia |language=en |access-date=2021-11-12 |archive-date=2021-11-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211112131500/https://jamesemirzianwaldementersoftwareonwikia.fandom.com/wiki/2016_(2010_film) |url-status=dead }}</ref>. yayobowe na pseudonymous na Ninja<ref>[https://www.allocine.fr/film/meilleurs/decennie-2010/annee-2016/ ''Meilleurs films de tous les temps selon les spectateurs'']. ''allocine.fr''</ref>. Iyi filime igaragara mu mwaka wa 2010 kandi ikurikira Abanyagana bagomba kurokoka itsinda ry’abanyamahanga bashaka gutera [[Accra]] bizeye gukoloniza isi mu mwaka wa 2016<ref>[https://www.wikiwand.com/en/Cinema_of_Ghana ''Cinema of Ghana'']. ''wikiwand.com'' (in Icyongereza)</ref>. Filime yamenyekanye cyane kuri trailer idasanzwe nukuntu yari ifite ibibazo byingengo yimari.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20211112131458/https://bestsimilar.com/tag/31162-ghana ''Movies and TV shows set in ghana'']. ''bestsimilar.com'' (in Icyongereza)</ref> == Abakinnyi<ref>[http://www.film-documentaire.fr/4DACTION/w_liste_key/812 ''Les films : résultats de recherche'']. ''film-documentaire.fr''</ref> == * Rose Mensah wakinnye nka Maa Dorcas * Ebenezer Donkor wakinnye nka Bwana Oppong * Emmanuel Afriyie wakinnye nka Francis * Osei Joseph wakinnye nka Johnson * Priscilla Anabel wakinnye nka Cara * Rebbeca Achiaa wakinnye nka Maame Serwaah * Baptiste Moureau wakinnye nkumu terminator == Kurekura == ''2016'' yamenyekanye bwa mbere muri 2011 ubwo trailer yiyi firime yashyizwe kuri YouTube . ''Huffington Post'' yise iyo trailer"Bizarre and Wonderful",<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://everyfad.com/movie/2016-part-2-2010 |title=2016: Part 2 |website=everyfad.com |language=en |access-date=2021-11-12 |archive-date=2021-11-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211112131501/https://everyfad.com/movie/2016-part-2-2010 |url-status=dead }}</ref> igihe Cyriaque Lamar wo muri io9 yavuze ko "ahanini ari Alien, ''Inyamanswa'', na ''Terminator'' bose bazindukiye muri imwe"<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/person/Rose-Akua-Atta-Mensah-5605 |title=Ghana Famous People: Rose Akua Atta Mensah |website=ghanaweb.com |language=en |access-date=2021-11-12 |archive-date=2021-11-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211112131503/https://www.ghanaweb.com/person/Rose-Akua-Atta-Mensah-5605 |url-status=dead }}</ref>. Iyi trailer yerekanwe ku gice cya 2015 cy'ibiganiro bitinze nijoro ''Conan'', irimo umushyitsi TJ Miller . Filime yacitsemo ibice bibiri, kimwe nibisanzwe ku isoko ryerekanwa na videwo muri [[Afurika]] y'Iburengerazuba<ref>[https://moviefit.me/titles/235789-2016-part-1 ''2016: Part 1 (2010)'']. ''moviefit.me'' (in Icyongereza)</ref>. == References == <references /> [[Ikiciro:Filimi zo muri Gana]] 8u6ue5gbczlackvijyd4od9h2x0rh17 0 9454 133306 107952 2026-06-27T18:24:27Z Igiraneza Divine 15375 Impinduka 133306 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Cynthia Butare''', [[Rwanda|numunyarwanda]] - umukinnyi wa firime wu Busuwisi kimwe naba videwo<ref>https://www.newtimes.co.rw/lifestyle/cynthia-butare-her-long-journey-filmmaking</ref> . Azwi cyane nk'umuyobozi wa firime ''Kickin 'It With The Kinks'' <ref>https://www.africatechsummit.com/kigali/cth_speaker/cynthia-butare/</ref>. == Ubuzima bwite == [[Dosiye:Views of Geneva.jpg|thumb|Cynthia yavukiye i Geneve mubusuwisi]] Yavukiye i Geneve mu [[Busuwisi]]. Yabaye i Geneve kugeza arangije amashuri yisumbuye hanyuma yimukira mu [[Bwongereza]] kwiga amashuri makuru<ref>https://www.tvguide.com/celebrities/cynthia-butare/3030107825/</ref>. == Umwuga == Yabonye impamyabumenyi ihanitse muri Digital Media and Communication nyuma arangiza Master's in Documentary Practice muri kaminuza ya Manchester Metropolitan.<ref>http://www.spla.pro/file.person.cynthia-umulisa-butare.49771.html</ref>Muri 2011, yakoze ''Kickin 'It With The Kinks'' ku mushinga wa kaminuza. Filime yakira igihembo cya documentaire nziza mu ishami rye.<ref>https://www.vsual.co/shop/cynthia-butare</ref> Nyuma mu 2016, Cynthia ari kumwe n'inshuti ye Mundia, bahisemo gukora verisiyo ndende ya firime. Iyi filime yakiriwe neza kandi yerekanwa mu birori mpuzamahanga bya firime. Muri uwo mwaka, yatangije isosiyete ye bwite, 'CB Production'<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://chroniquebeautenoire.com/cynthia-butare-capture-grace/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-11-15 |archive-date=2021-11-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211115141923/https://chroniquebeautenoire.com/cynthia-butare-capture-grace/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>. Akiri ingimbi, yatangiye kwandika mu 2003. Nubwo yahagaritse kwandika nyuma yimyaka itatu, yatangiye blog 2012. Muri 2013, Butare yahawe igihembo cya Blog nziza y'umwaka na BEFFTA. Icyakora, yimukiye mu [[Rwanda]] mu 2014.<ref>https://eclipsetheatre.org.uk/whats-on/1225-kickin--it-with-the-kinks---2105-sheffield-film-screening</ref> Igihe yari mu [[Rwanda]], yakoze filime ye ya kabiri ya documentaire, ''Ishimwa: Kuva Amaraso Yera Kuri Grace'' . Yerekanwe mu rwego rwo kwerekana iserukiramuco rya sinema mu [[Rwanda]]. Kuri ubu arimo gukora umushinga witwa ''The Return''<ref>https://rwanda.shafaqna.com/EN/AL/231517</ref> . == Amashusho == {| class="wikitable" !Year !Film !Role !Genre |- |2013 |''Tears & Blood Behind Made In China'' |Videographer |Documentary short film |- |2016 |''[[:en:Kickin'_It_With_The_Kinks|Kickin' It With The Kinks]]'' |Director |Documentary film |- |2019 |''Ishimwa: From Bloodshed To Grace'' |Director |Documentary film |} == AMASHAKIRO; == [[Ikiciro:Filimi]] [[Ikiciro:Abakinnyi ba firime]] [[Ikiciro:Rwanda]] d7v927rt4bdq3d02cpii6hb5af6tfak 0 9493 133324 121784 2026-06-28T01:31:42Z InternetArchiveBot 9716 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 133324 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alvera MUKABARAMBA''' ni umunyarwandakazi wavukiye mu [[Rwanda]] kuwa '''9 Werurwe 1960''', ni '''umuganga w'abana''' ndetse akaba n''''umunyapolitike''' kuva mu mwaka '''1999''' kurubu atuye mu murwa mukuru wa '''[[Kigali]] mu [[Rwanda]]'''<ref>https://www.newtimes.co.rw/news/who-likely-be-next-senate-president</ref>'''.''' == AMASHURI YIZE == '''Hon. Alvera Mukabaramba''' afite impamyabumenyi y'ikirenga (Doctorate) mu buganga yakuye muri kaminuza ya [[:en:First_Pavlov_State_Medical_University_of_St._Petersburg|First Pavlov State Medical University]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.celebsagewiki.com/alvera-mukabaramba |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-11-20 |archive-date=2021-11-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211120061638/https://www.celebsagewiki.com/alvera-mukabaramba |url-status=dead }}</ref>, iri mu mujyi wa [[:en:Saint_Petersburg|St. Petersburg]] mu igihugu cy' [[Uburusiya]]<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20211120063148/https://hyperleap.com/topic/Alvera_Mukabaramba</ref>. Ni inzobere mu ubuganga no kwita k'umikurire y' abana (PhD in [[:en:Pediatrics|pediatrics]]) ndetse kaminuza yamuhembye impamyabumenyi y'ikirenga (doctorate) muri Philosophy<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://celebsbirthdaytoday.com/alvera-mukabaramba/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-11-20 |archive-date=2021-11-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211120063135/https://celebsbirthdaytoday.com/alvera-mukabaramba/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>. == AKAZI (UMWUGA) == '''Hon. Alvera Mukabaramba''' yinjiye muri politic y'u [[Rwanda]] mu 1999, icyo gihe yari abaye umwe mubagize inteko y'inzibacyuho y'ighugu (National Transitional Assembly) kugera mu mwaka wa 2003<ref>https://www.newtimes.co.rw/news/who-likely-be-next-senate-president</ref>. Kuva muri uwo mwaka wa 2003 kugera mu kwezi k' ukwakira 2011, yari umusenateri mu inteko ishinga amategeko y'u Rwanda ( '''Rwanda's bicameral parliament''')<ref>https://www.newtimes.co.rw/news/who-likely-be-next-senate-president</ref>. Kuva tariki ya 10 Ukwakira 2011 yagizwe minisitiri wa leta ushinzwe imibereho myiza n'iterambere muri minisiteri y'ubutegetsi bw'ibanze ( '''Ministry of local government''') aho yari asimbuye [[:en:Christine_Nyatanyi|Chrisitne Nyatanyi]] wari umuze kwitaba Imana mu ibitaro by'Iburuseli mu [[Ububiligi|Bubiligi]],<ref>https://www.newtimes.co.rw/news/minister-urges-nationals-join-new-savings-scheme</ref> kuva icyo gihe, yagumishijwe muri guverinoma kandi agumana inshingano ze mu ivugurura ry'abaminisitiri, harimo n'iryo kuri 31 Kanama 2016, hanyuma akomerezaho kuba umunyamabanga wa leta ushinzwe imibereho myiza y'abaturage kugera mu mwaka wa 2019<ref>https://www.minaloc.gov.rw/news-detail/dr-mukabaramba-urges-eastern-province-leaders-to-enhance-peer-learning-and-peer-review</ref>. [https://web.archive.org/web/20211111084408/https://www.parliament.gov.rw/senate-2/senators-profiles/senators-profile-1 Ubu ni umusenateri akaba na visi perezida sena ushinzwe imari n'ubuyobozi kuva 2019 kuzagera 2024 aho manda yabo izaba irangiye].<ref>https://ukwezi.rw/mu-rwanda/3/article/Abasenateri-Perezida-Kagame-yashyizeho-nibo-bagenzi-babo-bagiriye-ikizere</ref> == references == [[Ikiciro:Abanyarwandakazi babanyapolitiki]] [[Ikiciro:Politiki y'urwanda]] 8vzpvjl7m2ai7s2pu9z30qq38w96s7b 0 9566 133332 123945 2026-06-28T03:23:14Z InternetArchiveBot 9716 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 133332 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Zambia - Location Map (2011) - ZMB - UNOCHA.svg|thumb|becky ngoma yavukiye muri zambia arinaho yakuriye]] '''Becky Ngoma''', ni umukinnyi [[Zambiya|wa]] filime wa [[Zambiya]] akaba n'umwanditsi<ref>https://www.imdb.com/name/nm4145631/</ref>. Umukinnyi wa firime, Mwape yatangiye umwuga we nk'umukinnyi kandi azwi cyane kubera uruhare muri ''Mwansa the Great'', ''I Am Not A Witch'' and ''Temzu Town''.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://justfilms.co/portfolio_page/temzu-town/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-11-21 |archive-date=2021-11-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211121144435/https://justfilms.co/portfolio_page/temzu-town/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Usibye gukina, ni umuyobozi na producer.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://kerrinkokot.com/portfolio/temzu-town/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-11-21 |archive-date=2021-11-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211121144435/https://kerrinkokot.com/portfolio/temzu-town/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Ubuzima bwite == She was born in [[Lusaka]], Zambia. She is a graduate of TV production at Zambia Institute of Mass Communication (ZAMCOM)<ref>http://www.daily-mail.co.zm/from-play-circle-to-zuba/</ref>. == Umwuga == ''Yakoze nk'umukinnyi w'amafirime'' n'umwanditsi mu biganiro byinshi bya televiziyo 'nka, Kabanana, Ikinamico ya mbere muri [[Zambiya]] na ''Love Games na Fever'' ndetse no muri firime, ''Suwi'' na ''Mwansa the Great''<ref>https://www.filmaffinity.com/us/film708409.html</ref>''.'' . Hagati aho, yakoraga kuri opera ikunzwe cyane yo muri [[Afurika y’Epfo|Afrika]] yepfo,''Generations'' <ref>http://africanwomenincinema.blogspot.com/2018/11/african-women-in-cinema-blog-updates.html</ref>. Ni n'umwanditsi wa seri izwi cyane ''Zuba'', telenovela ya mbere muri [[Zambiya]], yerekana kuri Zambezi Magic. Yakinnye kandi muri filime ashimwa cyane kuri ''I Am Not a Witch'' yabaye filime yatsindiye BAFTA afite uruhare 'Bwalya'.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://magazine.uzacoona.com/qa-becky-ngoma-talks-about-her-writing-journey/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-11-21 |archive-date=2021-11-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211121144433/https://magazine.uzacoona.com/qa-becky-ngoma-talks-about-her-writing-journey/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Yatsindiye ibihembo byinshi kubuhanga bwe bwo kwandika-kwandika nka; Igihembo cya Filime, Televiziyo na Radiyo [[Zambiya]] 2014 (Zafta) igihembo cy’umwanditsi mwiza, igihembo cya Zafta cya 2016 kuri filimi nziza, na 2018 ibihembo by’abagore bo muri [[Zambiya]] ku mugore w’umwaka<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://africafilmproducers.org/membership/becky-ngoma-2/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-11-21 |archive-date=2021-11-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211121144433/https://africafilmproducers.org/membership/becky-ngoma-2/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>. == Amashusho == {| class="wikitable" !Year !Film !Role !Genre |- |2011 |''Mwansa the Great'' |Actor: Mother, costumer |Short film |- |2017 |''I Am Not A Witch'' |Actor: Bwalya |Film |- |TBD |''Temzu Town'' |writer |TV Mini-Series |} == references == [[Ikiciro:Abakinnyi ba firime]] [[Ikiciro:Filimi]] [[Ikiciro:Afurika]] r0ahc2umx7r11nvq24r7rfz1bsq4lye 0 9630 133330 131383 2026-06-28T02:42:35Z InternetArchiveBot 9716 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 133330 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Bnei Brak Business Center 02.jpg|thumb|arcade assogba yavukiye muri bene ninaho yakuriye]] '''Arcade Assogba,''' ni umukinnyi wa firime muri [[Bene]] . <ref>http://africultures.com/personnes/?no=16738</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.spla.pro/file.person.arcade-assogba.16738.html |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-11-23 |archive-date=2021-11-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211120025356/http://www.spla.pro/file.person.arcade-assogba.16738.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Yagize uruhare runini muri sinema ya Bénin atanga amahugurwa menshi yo gutumanaho hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga mu birori bitandukanye by’umuco <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://lanationbenin.info/arcade-assogba-realisateur-letat-est-en-retard-sur-le-cinema-beninois/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-11-23 |archive-date=2020-11-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201105184749/https://lanationbenin.info/arcade-assogba-realisateur-letat-est-en-retard-sur-le-cinema-beninois/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> muri Bénin nko mu iserukiramuco mpuzamahanga rya sinema rya Ouidah ndetse n’ibirori mpuzamahanga bya [[Bene|Benin]], Fitheb. <ref name="filmfreeway">https://filmfreeway.com/ArcadeASSOGBA </ref> Azwiho kandi kuba umuyobozi wa firime ngufi, ''ZanKlan''<ref>https://kitikilifilms.com/index.php/actualite/entretien-avec-arcade-assogba-a-propos-de-son-film-zanklan/</ref> . == Ubuzima bwite == Kuva mu 2006 kugeza 2009, Assogba yize sinema muri Institut Cinématographique de Ouidah (ICO). Nyuma yakuye impamyabumenyi ihanitse mu bumenyi bw’abantu n’imibereho yakuye muri kaminuza ya Paris 1 Pantheon Sorbonne naho impamyabumenyi ihanitse mu by'amategeko yakuye muri kaminuza ya Abomey-Calavi muri Bénin. <ref>http://www.cjcinema.org/pages/fiche_auteur.php?auteur=1265</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://frankensaurus.com/Arcade_Assogba |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-11-23 |archive-date=2021-11-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211123195201/https://frankensaurus.com/Arcade_Assogba |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Umwuga == Assogba yatangiye umwuga wa sinema nkumuyobozi wungirije wa mbere kuri firime nyinshi zerekanwe muri Benin. Yakoranye n'abayobozi mpuzamahanga bazwi nka Sylvestre Amoussou, Jean Odoutan, [[Pablo César (director)|Pablo César]] na Heidi Specogna na Pascale Obolo muri firime nyinshi. Muri 2018, yerekanwe bwa mbere mubuyobozi hamwe na documentaire ''Crossing.'' ''.'' ''.'' . Nyuma yo gutsinda kwa firime, yakoze Short ''ZanKlan'' mumwaka umwe. Muri make yakiriwe neza nabanegura kandi yerekanwa kandi atsindira ibihembo mubirori byinshi bya firime. Muri 2019, film yatsindiye igihembo cya 2 cyiza muri Rebiap festival international de film, Benin.<ref>https://www.agencebeninpresse.info/web/depeche/16/le-film-suru-de-kismath-baguidi-enleve-le-1er-prix-des-rebiap-2019</ref> <ref name="filmfreeway"/><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://lamarcherepublicaine.com/index.php/culture/338-entretien-avec-le-laureat-arcade-assogba-je-suis-heureux-que-des-aines-et-pas-des-moindres-me-reconnaissent-un-merite |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-11-23 |archive-date=2021-11-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211123195201/https://lamarcherepublicaine.com/index.php/culture/338-entretien-avec-le-laureat-arcade-assogba-je-suis-heureux-que-des-aines-et-pas-des-moindres-me-reconnaissent-un-merite |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Amashusho == {| class="wikitable" !Year !Film !Role !Genre |- |2004 |''Braves de la route des esclaves'' |Director |Film |- |2010 |''Pim-Pim Tché'' |Second assistant director |Film |- |2010 |''Das Schiff des Torjägers'' |unit manager |Documentary |- |2011 |''Un pas en avant - Les dessous de la corruption'' |Second assistant director |Film |- |2018 |''La Traversée…'' |Director, writer |Documentary |- |2018 |''ZanKlan'' |Director, writer, producer |Short film |- |2019 |''A living tree means a living planet'' |Director |Documentary |} * == references == [[Ikiciro:Abakinnyi ba firime]] [[Ikiciro:Filimi]] [[Ikiciro:Afurika]] f9q6ohyako2yae5ry6woyodgub6rd9r 0 9898 133337 98030 2026-06-28T04:29:02Z InternetArchiveBot 9716 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 133337 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Murebwayire Christine''' (yavutse 10 ukwakira 1967)ni umugore akaba ari umunyarwandakazi, aho yabaye [[rwiyemezamirimo]], akaba yarashinze copetaive ya COPROVIBA(Co-operative de Production du Vin de Banane) mu Rwanda.<ref>https://www.howwemadeitinafrica.com/early-investors-score-big-time-rwandan-banana-wine/56437/</ref> Murebwayire Christine '''ni''' umuyobozi mukuru ari chairperson wa Chamber of Rwanda Farmers ndetse akaba kandi nu muyobozi mukuru w'ungirije w'ishyaka rya PSF mu Rwanda .<ref>https://www.newtimes.co.rw/section/read/205968</ref> == Amashuri yize == Murebwayire Christine yize amashuri makuru ya kaminuza, aho yize ibijyanye n'iterambere ryi cyaro (Bachelors' degree in Rural development) .<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |url=https://www.parliament.gov.rw/chamber-of-deputies-2/member-profile/deputies-profiles?tx_news_pi1%5B%40widget_0%5D%5BcurrentPage%5D=2&cHash=ede8f376b5287b7a3348df5228671962 |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-08-10 |archive-date=2023-09-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230905070432/https://www.parliament.gov.rw/chamber-of-deputies-2/member-profile/deputies-profiles?tx_news_pi1%5B%40widget_0%5D%5BcurrentPage%5D=2&cHash=ede8f376b5287b7a3348df5228671962 |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Akazi == Murebwayire Christine ni umuyobozi uzwi wakoze imirimo itandukanye : * Muri 2018 kugeza ubu : Member of Parliament * Muri 2002-2018: umuyobozi mukuru wa COPROVIBA * Muri 2014-2018: umuyobozi mukuru mu buhinzi n'ubworozi akaba yari numwe mubagize abikorera ku giti cyabo cya PSF . * Muri 2015-2018: umukomiseri muri NURC * Muri 2013-05.2018:umuyobozi wa RHIO . <ref name=":0" /> == Amashakiro == <references /> [[Ikiciro:Umugore]] [[Ikiciro:Umuyobozi]] [[Ikiciro:Inteko Ishinga Amategeko y’u Rwanda]] [[Ikiciro:Inteko ishinga amategeko]] [[Ikiciro:Umunyarwandakazi]] 2pw1c41eb8x3vggw4k9chcmh2qki8qx 0 10435 133301 104114 2026-06-27T18:06:50Z Igiraneza Divine 15375 Impinduka 133301 wikitext text/x-wiki Izina ryabaye ikimenyabose ni Claire[cyangwa Kerere], umukobwa wa Kankwanzi na Bushombe bo mu Ikinamico Urunana, amazemo [[Umwaka|imyaka]] irenga cumi n’ibiri amazina ye nyakuri ni '''Umwali Aurore'''. == UBUZIMA == '''Claire''' cyangwa '''Kerere''' Ubusanzwe yitwa '''Umwali Aurore''' akaba yaramamaye nka Claire mu [https://rw.scienceforming.com/10863495-what-is-drama ikinamico]<ref>https://www.bbc.com/gahuza/podcasts/p07yjfjq/p098qrz0</ref> urunana<ref>https://www.bbc.com/gahuza/podcasts/p07yjfjq/p0c54wg1</ref> yanyuraga kuri [https://www.bbc.com/ BBC] ,<ref>https://www.bbc.com/</ref> [[https://www.bbc.com/ British Broadcasting Corporation]],<ref>https://www.bbc.com/</ref> iri zina ni naryo abaturanyi bamuhamagara iwabo i [[Nyamirambo]] kuri 40. Yatangiye gukina Urunana<ref>https://www.bbc.com/gahuza/podcasts/p07yjfjq/p0c54wg1</ref> yiga mu kiburamwaka mu mwaka wa 2005. Icyo gihe ajya gukina Urunana<ref>https://podcasts.apple.com/gb/podcast/ikinamico-urunana/id1492479210</ref> ntiyari azi ibyo arimo neza nk’umwana wari umaze igihe gito atangiye kwiga kugenda no guca akenge. Yinjiye mu ikinamico ajyanwe n’[[Umubyeyi Sharifa|umubyeyi]] we [[Muhutukazi Marie Mediatrice]] [uwo bakinana nka Kankwanzi [<nowiki/>[[Muhutukazi Marie Mediatrice]]] ari na we [[Umubyeyi Sharifa|umubyeyi]] we mu Runana]. Umwali Aurole, ubu yiga mu [[umwaka]] wa kane mu [[ishuri]] rya [https://vymaps.com/RW/St-Philip-Tvet-School-31529/ Saint Philippe Gikondo]<ref>http://hanga.rw/read_article.php?article=1789&art=Kigali:Umurenge%20wa%20Gikondo%20ukomeje%20.html</ref> riherereye mu Murenge wa Kigarama mu K[[Akarere ka Kicukiro|arere ka Kicukiro]], mu ishami ry’ibaruramari. Yavukiye mu [[umujyi wa Kigali|mujyi wa Kigali]], i [[Nyamirambo]] aho ni mu [[akarere ka Nyarugenge|Karere ka Nyarugenge]] ari naho [[Umwana|abana]] n’[[Umubyeyi Sharifa|umubyeyi]] we [[Muhutukazi Marie Mediatrice]] ['''Kankwanzi'''].<ref>https://www.eachamps.rw/article/5604/Shira-amatsiko-kuri-Kankwanzi-ukinana-numukobwa-we-mu-Runana</ref> == GUKINA IKINAMICO == '''Umwali Aurore''' w’imyaka 17 avuga ko atajya agorwa no gukina ari [[Umwana|umukobwa]] wo mu cyaro, icyamufashije cyane ngo ni uko yatangiye kubikina akiri muto bityo abikuriramo bikiyongeraho ko yumva akunze [[Icyarabu|icyaro.]]Ati “Uretse ko dukina ibyanditse ariko nubwo navukiye mu [[Kigali|mujyi wa Kigali]] [[ubuzima]] bw’icyaro ndabukunda, mu gukina ndabanza nkishyira mu buzima bw’icyaro nkabona gukina nk’[[umwana]] wo mu cyaro. Iyo Umwali na [[Nyinawamwiza Laetitia|nyina]] bari mu rugo mu buzima busanzwe ntiwapfa kumenya ko bakinana mu Runana,<ref>https://www.bbc.com/gahuza/podcasts/p07yjfjq/p0c54wg1</ref> gusa hari [[Igiherero|igihe]] baterura ikiganiro ukumvamo amajwi yo kwa Bushombe na Kankwanzi ([[Muhutukazi Marie Mediatrice]]) i [[Nyamirambo]]. Umwali avuga ko kuba yarahawe gukina ari [[umwana]] wa Kankwanzi [<nowiki/>[[Muhutukazi Marie Mediatrice]]] ari na we nyina w’amaraso ngo “Bimfasha kwirekura mu gukina.”<ref>https://yegob.rw/ibiteye-amatsiko-wibaza-kuri-kankwanzi-wo-mu-runanaumubano-we-na-bushombe-icyo-apfana-na-claire/</ref> === URUNANA === '''Umwali Aurore''' nka '''Kerere''' cyangwa '''Claire''' yibuka ko akinjira mu [https://rw.scienceforming.com/10863495-what-is-drama ikinamico]<ref>https://www.bbc.com/gahuza/podcasts/p07yjfjq/p098qrz0</ref> Urunana,<ref>https://podcasts.apple.com/gb/podcast/ikinamico-urunana/id1492479210</ref> amafaranga ya mbere bamuhembye nyina yamuguriyemo [http://ukwezi.rw/Imyidagaduro/article/VIDEO-Twaganiriye-na-Golizo-igipupe-gitangaje-kiganira-nk-abantu-bikayobera-benshi-i-Kigali?fbclid=IwAR3CGQB9epOB4ACxk346HDfEX9pGfj8rFe9cxf2MsazZkV9lgdIEO29IyJE igipupe], gusa amaze guca akenge ari we bacishaho amafaranga yabashije kwigurira [[:en:Telephone|telefone]] igezweho. Hejuru y’inyungu nyinshi yakuye mu Runana, '''Umwali Aurore''' avuga ko igikomeye yungutse [[Umuryango w’Abibumye|umuryango]] mushya ndetse ngo ni byo bimwishyurira [[ishuri]].Ati “Igikomeye nungukiye mu [https://rw.cultureoeuvre.com/10561828-what-is-theater ikinamico] Urunana ni uko hari inyigisho batanga ku rubyiruko nanjye nkafataho, harimo n’inyungu z’amafaranga, mbasha kwiyishyurira [[ishuri]] kubera gukina.”Umwali avuga ko i [[Nyamirambo]] ahafite inshuti z’urungano banafitanye umubano ukomeye hanze y’ikinamico<ref>https://rw.cultureoeuvre.com/10561828-what-is-theater</ref> nka Petero, [[Mutesi Jolly|Mutesi]], Obama musaza we n'abandi.<ref>http://isimbi.rw/imyidagaduro/article/menya-claire-umukobwa-wa-kankwanzi-mu-maraso-akaba-uwa-bushombe-mu-runana</ref> == INZOZI == '''Umwali Aurore''' nka '''Kerere''' cyangwa '''Claire''' inzozi afite harimo kwagura impano ye akazavamo [[Umuturirwa|umuntu]] ukomeye mu ikinamico.<ref>https://www.bbc.com/gahuza/podcasts/p07yjfjq/p098qrz0</ref> Ikindi gikomeye yifuza ni ukuzaba [[Ubucuruzi Mpuzamahanga bw’Ibinyabuzima Bwenda Gucika|umucuruzi]] uzwi mu '''[[Rwanda]]''' agakoresha ubumenyi yakuye mu [[ishuri]]. Ati “Numva nacuruza ibintu byo [[Kuragira|kurya]], ngashinga nka alimentation<ref>https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alimentation</ref> cyangwa byazanshobokera nabonye ubushobozi nkashinga [[Hotel Rwanda|hoteli]].”<ref>http://isimbi.rw/imyidagaduro/article/menya-claire-umukobwa-wa-kankwanzi-mu-maraso-akaba-uwa-bushombe-mu-runana</ref> == AMASHAKIRO; == i3ld2xc4m6lc3qnhwvwoo9llnzklyyg 0 10495 133293 114929 2026-06-27T13:34:30Z B.Scalling 15089 133293 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Kicukiro high way road.jpg|thumb|umujyi queen ndahira mugabekazi yavukiyemo]]{{Databox|excludeProperties=Q139681529}} Queen '''Ndahiro Mugabekazi''' (Wavutse 2003 ) akaba Nyaminga wifotoje kurusha abandi 2022<ref>https://www.newtimes.co.rw/entertainment/night-divine-muheto-took-miss-rwanda-2022-crown-home</ref><ref>http://isimbi.rw/imyidagaduro/article/uyu-mwana-yaba-aryoshye-mu-buriri-mugabekazi-uri-muri-miss-rwanda-wagarutse-ku-ihohoterwa-yagiye-akorerwa-amafoto</ref> == Ubuzima bwite == [[Dosiye:KicukiroDist.png|thumb|Kicukiro aho Queen Ndahiro yavukiye]] Queen Ndahiro Mugabekazi yavutse tariki ya 8 Nzeri 2002 avukira mu Mujyi wa Kigali mu Karere ka Kicukiro, ni umuhererezi mu muryango w’abana 3, imfura iwabo ni umukobwa n’aho ubuheta bukaba umuhungu. Afite ababyeyi bose (Papa na Mama ) . <ref>http://isimbi.rw/imyidagaduro/article/uyu-mwana-yaba-aryoshye-mu-buriri-mugabekazi-uri-muri-miss-rwanda-wagarutse-ku-ihohoterwa-yagiye-akorerwa-amafoto</ref>Ndahiro amashuri abanza yayize i Nyandungu kwa Hadji, icyiciro rusange cy’amashuri yisumbuye (O Level) yacyize Lycée Notre Dame de Citeaux ni mu gihe icyiciro cya kabiri cy’amashuri yisumbuye (A Level) yacyize Lycée de Kigali aho yize PCB (Physics, Chemistry and Biology).<ref>http://isimbi.rw/imyidagaduro/article/uyu-mwana-yaba-aryoshye-mu-buriri-mugabekazi-uri-muri-miss-rwanda-wagarutse-ku-ihohoterwa-yagiye-akorerwa-amafoto</ref>. == Ibihembo == Ndahiro yabaye umukobwa wahize abandi mukwifotoza muri miss 2022 . Aho Yahawe igihembo cyamafaranga 2, 400, 000 yatanzwe na Diamond Smile Dental Clinic, IGIHE, Forzza Gaming na Smart Design muri miss Rwanda 2022.<ref>https://www.newtimes.co.rw/entertainment/night-divine-muheto-took-miss-rwanda-2022-crown-home</ref> == Umushinga == Queen Ndahiro Mugabekazi Afite umushinga Kurwanya ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina no gutandukanya igitsina gore.<ref>https://www.newtimes.co.rw/entertainment/miss-rwanda-2022-meet-19-finalists</ref><ref>https://www.newtimes.co.rw/entertainment/night-divine-muheto-took-miss-rwanda-2022-crown-home</ref> == References == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Umugore]] [[Ikiciro:Afurika]] [[Ikiciro:Rwanda]] [[Ikiciro:Miss Rwanda]] l3j6lxkooqn2fqaua70k0gw9i6307yq 0 10496 133290 88129 2026-06-27T13:20:55Z B.Scalling 15089 133290 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kazeneza Marie Merci ('''wavutse mu 1997 ) Ni umunyeshuri muri kaminuza muri Tourism Travelling and Management<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://igihe.com/imyidagaduro/article/kazeneza-wabaye-igisonga-cya-mbere-muri-miss-utb-ari-guhatana-muri-miss-rwanda |title=Archive copy |access-date=2022-05-12 |archive-date=2022-05-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220512170247/https://igihe.com/imyidagaduro/article/kazeneza-wabaye-igisonga-cya-mbere-muri-miss-utb-ari-guhatana-muri-miss-rwanda |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://igihe.com/imyidagaduro/article/kazeneza-wabaye-igisonga-cya-mbere-muri-miss-utb-ari-guhatana-muri-miss-rwanda |title=Archive copy |access-date=2022-05-12 |archive-date=2022-05-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220512170247/https://igihe.com/imyidagaduro/article/kazeneza-wabaye-igisonga-cya-mbere-muri-miss-utb-ari-guhatana-muri-miss-rwanda |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Ubuzima Bwite == kaneza n' umukobwa w’imyaka 25 uvuka i Rubavu ari ariko uba i Kigali ku mpamvu z’akazi ,Nishuri , yarangije kaminuza muri Tourism Travelling and Management.Uyu mukobwa yitabiriye irushanwa Rya Nyaminga wu Rwanda 2022 akaba yarafite umushinga w’Uburezi aho yashinze urubuga rwo abantu bazajya bigiraho batavuye mu rugo ariko banidagadura.<ref>https://www.isimbi.rw/imyidagaduro/article/ubwiza-n-ibyo-wamenya-ku-bakobwa-5-banikiriye-abandi-mu-majwi-muri-miss-rwanda-amafoto</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://igihe.com/imyidagaduro/article/kazeneza-wabaye-igisonga-cya-mbere-muri-miss-utb-ari-guhatana-muri-miss-rwanda |title=Archive copy |access-date=2022-05-12 |archive-date=2022-05-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220512170247/https://igihe.com/imyidagaduro/article/kazeneza-wabaye-igisonga-cya-mbere-muri-miss-utb-ari-guhatana-muri-miss-rwanda |url-status=dead }}</ref> Kazeneza Marie Merci yabaye Igisonga cya mbere mu irushanwa ry’ubwiza ryahuje abakobwa biga muri Kaminuza y’Ubukerarugendo mu 2016 (Miss UTB) akanegukana ikamba ry’uzi kwifotoza neza kurusha abandi, ari guhatanira ikamba rya Miss Rwanda.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://igihe.com/imyidagaduro/article/kazeneza-wabaye-igisonga-cya-mbere-muri-miss-utb-ari-guhatana-muri-miss-rwanda |title=Archive copy |access-date=2022-05-12 |archive-date=2022-05-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220512170247/https://igihe.com/imyidagaduro/article/kazeneza-wabaye-igisonga-cya-mbere-muri-miss-utb-ari-guhatana-muri-miss-rwanda |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://www.isimbi.rw/imyidagaduro/article/ubwiza-n-ibyo-wamenya-ku-bakobwa-5-banikiriye-abandi-mu-majwi-muri-miss-rwanda-amafoto</ref> == Ibihembo == '''Kazeneza Marie Merci y'''atsindiye ikamba ry’umukobwa wahize abandi mu kwifotoza muri kaminuza muri Tourism Travelling and Management<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://igihe.com/imyidagaduro/article/kazeneza-wabaye-igisonga-cya-mbere-muri-miss-utb-ari-guhatana-muri-miss-rwanda |title=Archive copy |access-date=2022-05-12 |archive-date=2022-05-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220512170247/https://igihe.com/imyidagaduro/article/kazeneza-wabaye-igisonga-cya-mbere-muri-miss-utb-ari-guhatana-muri-miss-rwanda |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://www.isimbi.rw/imyidagaduro/article/ubwiza-n-ibyo-wamenya-ku-bakobwa-5-banikiriye-abandi-mu-majwi-muri-miss-rwanda-amafoto</ref> === Referances === [[Ikiciro:Umugore]] [[Ikiciro:Rwanda]] orb4wbpdfgn7wqh1vo0y7l3qlkk971j 0 10497 133291 96370 2026-06-27T13:26:30Z B.Scalling 15089 133291 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Ruzindana.jpg|thumb|Ruzindana Kellia ]] Ruzindana Kelia (wavutse 2003) ikamba rya Nyampinga w’Umurage '''('''miss Hertage 2022)<ref>https://isimbi.rw/imyidagaduro/article/irebere-ibisubizo-bya-kelia-ruzindana-wayoboye-abandi-mu-bice-byose-by-amajwi-muri-miss-rwanda-2022-video</ref> == Ubuzima Bwite == Ruzindana Kelia  Afite myaka 18 yavukiye mu [[Umujyi wa Kigali|Mujyi wa Kigali]] mu karere ka [[Akarere ka Nyarugenge|Nyarugenge]] .Kelia n'umukobwa wakuze azu bwenge .yasoje amashuri yisumbuye umwaka ushize wa 2021 muri College Saint Andre, akaba yarize MPG (Mathematics, Physics and Geography) akaba yaranujuje ikizami cya Leta gisoza amashuri yisumbuye.<ref>https://isimbi.rw/imyidagaduro/article/irebere-ibisubizo-bya-kelia-ruzindana-wayoboye-abandi-mu-bice-byose-by-amajwi-muri-miss-rwanda-2022-video</ref> yize amashuri abanza kutunyenyeri Igikondo ayisumbuye yose akaba yarazize mukigo cyimwe aricyo St Andre.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://ibyamamare.com/reba-uburanga-bwa-ruzindana-kelia-wimyaka-18-uyoboye-abandi-bakobwa-mukugira-amajwi-menshi-muri-miss-rwanda-2022amafoto/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2022-05-12 |archive-date=2022-03-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220301142358/https://ibyamamare.com/reba-uburanga-bwa-ruzindana-kelia-wimyaka-18-uyoboye-abandi-bakobwa-mukugira-amajwi-menshi-muri-miss-rwanda-2022amafoto/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://www.isimbi.rw/imyidagaduro/article/ubwiza-n-ibyo-wamenya-ku-bakobwa-5-banikiriye-abandi-mu-majwi-muri-miss-rwanda-amafoto</ref> Kelia akaba yarafite umushinga ujyanye no gukurikirana abana bafite ibibazo batewe n’amakimbirane yo mu muryango aho usanga hari na bamwe byashoye mu kunywa ibiyobyabwenge.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://ibyamamare.com/reba-uburanga-bwa-ruzindana-kelia-wimyaka-18-uyoboye-abandi-bakobwa-mukugira-amajwi-menshi-muri-miss-rwanda-2022amafoto/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2022-05-12 |archive-date=2022-03-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220301142358/https://ibyamamare.com/reba-uburanga-bwa-ruzindana-kelia-wimyaka-18-uyoboye-abandi-bakobwa-mukugira-amajwi-menshi-muri-miss-rwanda-2022amafoto/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Ibihembo == Ruzindana Kelia yahawe igihembo cyamafaranga 5 000 000 kuva Bralirwa unyuze kumurongo wa Primus ndetse no gushyigikira ibikorwa byo kumenyekanisha umuco muri Miss Rwanda .<ref>https://www.newtimes.co.rw/entertainment/night-divine-muheto-took-miss-rwanda-2022-crown-home</ref> === Referances === 64xgnsadke6zz3boe3cuwfao01dwr1t 133292 133291 2026-06-27T13:27:27Z B.Scalling 15089 133292 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Ruzindana.jpg|thumb|Ruzindana Kellia ]] Ruzindana Kelia (wavutse 2003) ikamba rya Nyampinga w’Umurage '''('''miss Hertage 2022)<ref>https://isimbi.rw/imyidagaduro/article/irebere-ibisubizo-bya-kelia-ruzindana-wayoboye-abandi-mu-bice-byose-by-amajwi-muri-miss-rwanda-2022-video</ref> == Ubuzima Bwite == Ruzindana Kelia  Afite myaka 18 yavukiye mu [[Umujyi wa Kigali|Mujyi wa Kigali]] mu karere ka [[Akarere ka Nyarugenge|Nyarugenge]] .Kelia n'umukobwa wakuze azu bwenge .yasoje amashuri yisumbuye umwaka ushize wa 2021 muri College Saint Andre, akaba yarize MPG (Mathematics, Physics and Geography) akaba yaranujuje ikizami cya Leta gisoza amashuri yisumbuye.<ref>https://isimbi.rw/imyidagaduro/article/irebere-ibisubizo-bya-kelia-ruzindana-wayoboye-abandi-mu-bice-byose-by-amajwi-muri-miss-rwanda-2022-video</ref> yize amashuri abanza kutunyenyeri Igikondo ayisumbuye yose akaba yarazize mukigo cyimwe aricyo St Andre.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://ibyamamare.com/reba-uburanga-bwa-ruzindana-kelia-wimyaka-18-uyoboye-abandi-bakobwa-mukugira-amajwi-menshi-muri-miss-rwanda-2022amafoto/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2022-05-12 |archive-date=2022-03-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220301142358/https://ibyamamare.com/reba-uburanga-bwa-ruzindana-kelia-wimyaka-18-uyoboye-abandi-bakobwa-mukugira-amajwi-menshi-muri-miss-rwanda-2022amafoto/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://www.isimbi.rw/imyidagaduro/article/ubwiza-n-ibyo-wamenya-ku-bakobwa-5-banikiriye-abandi-mu-majwi-muri-miss-rwanda-amafoto</ref> Kelia akaba yarafite umushinga ujyanye no gukurikirana abana bafite ibibazo batewe n’amakimbirane yo mu muryango aho usanga hari na bamwe byashoye mu kunywa ibiyobyabwenge.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://ibyamamare.com/reba-uburanga-bwa-ruzindana-kelia-wimyaka-18-uyoboye-abandi-bakobwa-mukugira-amajwi-menshi-muri-miss-rwanda-2022amafoto/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2022-05-12 |archive-date=2022-03-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220301142358/https://ibyamamare.com/reba-uburanga-bwa-ruzindana-kelia-wimyaka-18-uyoboye-abandi-bakobwa-mukugira-amajwi-menshi-muri-miss-rwanda-2022amafoto/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Ibihembo == Ruzindana Kelia yahawe igihembo cyamafaranga 5 000 000 kuva Bralirwa unyuze kumurongo wa Primus ndetse no gushyigikira ibikorwa byo kumenyekanisha umuco muri [[Miss Rwanda]] .<ref>https://www.newtimes.co.rw/entertainment/night-divine-muheto-took-miss-rwanda-2022-crown-home</ref> === Referances === abd7p9tc61ohn5pjdqo76vv4l3y6us0 0 10651 133294 126839 2026-06-27T13:53:21Z B.Scalling 15089 133294 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Tea products in Rwanda mountain tea.jpg|thumb|icyayi cyakozw'''e''' na Rwanda mountain t'''ea''']] [[Dosiye:Camellia sinensis in Bao Loc.jpg|thumb]] [[Dosiye:Tea from Rwanda Mountain Tea 01.jpg|thumb|rwandan mauntain tea]]{{Databox|excludeProperties=Q115136213}} Rwanda Mountain Tea ni icyayi cyu [[Rwanda]] kizwi cyane ku [[isi]], kubera kwinjiza no kumurika Icyayi cyo mu misozi yo mu [[Rwanda]], gitanga [[icyayi]] kiza mu Rwanda no mu mumahanga, ishoramari mu gutunganya [[icyayi]], gukurikirana impuguke no kuyobora mu gutanga umusaruro.<ref name=":0" /> [[Dosiye:Rwanda Mountain Tea.jpg|thumb|ikirango cya kompanyi ya Rwanda Mountain '''Tea''']] == Rwanda Mountain Tea == '''[https://rwandamountaintea.com/ Rwanda Mountain Tea Ltd]''' Guhera mu mwaka 2006, yabaye umushoramari wigenga w’abasangwabutaka mu nganda z’icyayi n’imirima, agura imigabane myinshi mu mitungo myinshi yahoze ari iya leta, harimo , Nyabihu na Rubaya (mu [[Intara y'Uburengerazuba|burengerazuba]] no mu [[Intara y’Amajyaruguru y’u Rwanda|majyaruguru]]), [[Icyayi cya Kitabi|Kitabi]] (mu [[Intara y'amajyepfo|majyepfo]]),<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |url=https://www.igihe.com/ubukungu/ubucuruzi/article/icyayi-cya-kitabi-n-icya-gisovu-byaciye-agahigo-ku-isoko-muri-kenya?fbclid=IwAR0vrg71iNhFPv5HOYi7DWSxf-1-PcWyDKgtz0i3nQ9UofRTGXLdZT6ZuGU |title=Archive copy |access-date=2022-05-18 |archive-date=2022-05-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220518163624/https://www.igihe.com/ubukungu/ubucuruzi/article/icyayi-cya-kitabi-n-icya-gisovu-byaciye-agahigo-ku-isoko-muri-kenya?fbclid=IwAR0vrg71iNhFPv5HOYi7DWSxf-1-PcWyDKgtz0i3nQ9UofRTGXLdZT6ZuGU |url-status=dead }}</ref> na Gisakura na Mata (mu [[Intara y'amajyepfo|majyepfo]] y'[[Intara y'Uburengerazuba|iburengerazuba]]) .<ref name=":1" />[[Dosiye:Tea plantation in Ciwidey, Bandung 2014-08-21.jpg|thumb|Icyayi Cyiza]] == Kwagura Ibikorwa == Byongeye kandi, muri gahunda yo kwagura, '''Rwanda Mountain Tea Ltd''' yashoboye gushinga uruganda rw'[[icyayi]] ahitwa [[Akarere ka Rutsiro|Rutsiro]] ([[Intara y'Uburengerazuba|mu intara y'burengerazuba]]), kabuhariwe mu gukora CTC y'umukara, [[icyayi]] cyumukara nicyatsi kibisi Ikindi cyiyongereyeho ni uruganda rw'icyayi rwa Gatare mu karere ka [[Akarere ka Nyamasheke|Nyamasheke]] ruteganijwe gukoreshwa mbere yuyu mwaka. <ref name=":1">https://maps.prodafrica.com/places/rwanda/kigali-city/kigali/tea-producer/rwanda-mountain-tea-ltd/</ref> Rwanda mountain tea murwego ryo kwagura ibikorwa yafunguye inganda zitunganya icyayi ziherereye mubice bitandunya byigihugu. 1.[[Kitabi tea factory|Kitabi Tea Factory]] 2.Rubaya Tea Factory 3.Rutsiro Tea Factory 4.Gatare Tea Factory 5.Nyabihu Tea Factory 6.Gisakura Tea Factory 7.Mata Tea Factory == Ishoramari == [[Dosiye:Rwandatea 19.jpg|thumb|Icyayi]] Ishoramari rya '''Rwanda Mountain Tea Ltd''' mu ishoramari ry’[[icyayi]] rigamije kuzamura umusaruro w’[[icyayi]] binyuze mu buhinzi bwiza no kubona no kwagura imirima y’icyayi mu gihugu hose. Umuzenguruko warangiye mu kuzamura no kubaka inganda z'[[icyayi]] zigezweho no gushyiraho uruganda rwicyayi ruvanga nogupakira [[icyayi]] kugirango gikemure abakoresha [[icyayi]] mu [[Rwanda]] kandi buhoro buhoro mukarere ndetse no mubindi bice bya [[Afurika|Afrika]]. '''Rwanda Mountain Tea Ltd''' izwi kwisi yose kubera gukora [[icyayi]] cyiza cya CTC cyiza ku [[isi]], kandi yatsindiye ibihembo bitandukanye by'[[icyayi]] ku [[isi]].<ref>https://www.minagri.gov.rw/index.php?id=544&tx_kesearch_pi1%5Bsword%5D=icyayi&tx_kesearch_pi1%5Bpage%5D=1&tx_kesearch_pi1%5BresetFilters%5D=0&tx_kesearch_pi1%5BsortByField%5D=&tx_kesearch_pi1%5BsortByDir%5D=</ref> == Amashanyarazi == Usibye gukora no gucuruza icyayi, '''Rwanda Mountain Tea Ltd''' ni umushoramari wigenga mu kongera ingufu. Kugeza ubu igomba gushyiraho inganda z'amashanyarazi 2 y'umugezi wa Giciye itanga MW 8 kuri gride y'[[igihugu]].Ari mubikorwa byo kubaka urundi r'uganda kumugezi umwe gifite ubushobozi bwa MW 7.2. Mu bindi bikorwa bifitanye isano, Rwanda Mountain Tea Ltd yasinyanye na leta yu [[Rwanda]] amasezerano y’inguzanyo ku nganda 2 zisanzwe zikoresha amashanyarazi kugira ngo zongere MW 4. Ibigo mu matsinda bivanga mu buryo bworoshye mu baturage bakoreramo, bigira uruhare mu kubaka [[Ishuri|amashuri]], ibigo ndzerabuzima, imihanda igaburira, n’amazu ku bakene cyane. Bagira uruhare kandi muri gahunda y'[[igihugu]] y'[[inka]] imwe ku muryango ukennye buri mwaka baha amatungo imiryango itishoboye. <ref>https://maps.prodafrica.com/places/rwanda/kigali-city/kigali/tea-producer/rwanda-mountain-tea-ltd/</ref> == Ibindi == [[Dosiye:Çay-1.jpg|thumb|Icyayi]] '''Rwanda Mountain Tea Ltd''' itanga imirimo irenga 25.000 kubaturage bo mucyaro usibye kugura ibabi ryatsi kubuhinzi-borozi, bityo bagatanga isoko ryumwaka wose kubicuruzwa byabo. Isosiyete ihuza neza n’abaturage aho ikorera, igira uruhare mu iterambere ry’imibereho n’ubukungu by’abaturage binyuze muri; kubaka amashuri, ibigo nderabuzima, umuhanda ugaburira, amazu kubakene cyane no kuzana amazi meza kubaturage.<ref>https://www.minagri.gov.rw/index.php?id=544&tx_kesearch_pi1%5Bsword%5D=icyayi&tx_kesearch_pi1%5Bpage%5D=1&tx_kesearch_pi1%5BresetFilters%5D=0&tx_kesearch_pi1%5BsortByField%5D=&tx_kesearch_pi1%5BsortByDir%5D=</ref> Hanyuma, '''Rwanda Mountain Tea Ltd''' ni umusoreshwa munini kandi igashora inyungu mu [[Igihugu|gihugu]], bityo ikagira uruhare mu iterambere ry’u [[Rwanda]].<ref>https://maps.prodafrica.com/places/rwanda/kigali-city/kigali/tea-producer/rwanda-mountain-tea-ltd/</ref> == Ibihembo == Rwanda Mountain Tea Ltd, yagiye ishimirwa imikorere yayo myiza, haba muri Africa no mubindi bice bitandukanye mu isi, nk'aho munama yo mwaka wa 2019 ku italiki ya 26 kugeza ku italiki ya 28 yari yabereye i Kampala muri Uganda, Rwanda Mountain Tea Ltd n'uruganda rwayo rwa Kitabi yahembewe kuba iya mbere mugutunganya icyayi gifite ubwiza buhebuje. == Amashakiro == [[Ikiciro:Icyayi]] <references /> [[Ikiciro:Rwanda Mountain Tea]] ea9x9msudkhn9pvzbsi28djg7zd4pbr 0 12655 133325 127264 2026-06-28T01:45:04Z InternetArchiveBot 9716 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 133325 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Umurima w'amasaka.jpg|thumb|Amasaka]] [[Dosiye:A plate of sorghum grain.jpg|thumb|Imbuto z'amasaka]] [[Dosiye:Sorghum bicolor subsp. bicolor seeds.jpg|thumb|isaka]] [[Dosiye:Sorghum plants farm.jpg|thumb]] [[Dosiye:दगडी ज्वारी Dagadi Jowar (Sorghum bicolor).jpg|thumb|Sorghum bicolor]] [[Dosiye:Sorghum bicolor - geograph.org.uk - 1070429.jpg|thumb|Sorghum bicolor]] [[Dosiye:Three different cereal crops - geograph.org.uk - 1070441.jpg|thumb|Amasaka]] [[Dosiye:Sorghum bicolor z01.JPG|thumb|Sorghum]] [[Dosiye:Sorghum durra01.jpg|thumb|Amasaka]] [[Dosiye:Sorghum (4372413178).jpg|thumb|Sorghum]] [[Dosiye:Maishi Rabo (Sorghum bicolor).jpeg|thumb|Maishi Rabo (Sorghum bicolor)]] [[Dosiye:Sorghum bicolor (s. lat.) p. p. sl5.jpg|thumb|Amasaka]] '''Amasaka''' Amasaka ni kimwe mu binyampeke bitanu bihingwa cyane ku [[isi]] nyuma y’ingano, umuceli, ibigoli n’uburo. Ni igihingwa kitabangamira ibidukikije kuko kidasaba amazi menshi, gikenera ifumbire nke cyangwa ntikiyikenere, ntigisaba gukoresha imiti myinshi irwanya udukoko, kandi ibikenyeri byayo birabora bigashira. Mu [[Rwanda]], ahingwa ahantu hose kuva mu turere dushyuha tw’imisozi migufi kugeza mu turere tw’imisozi miremire. Mu Rwanda, amasaka anyobwamo igikoma ari cyo kinyobwa benshi bafata mu gitondo, akenywamo n'inzoga gakondo zisembuye cyangwa zidasembuye bihabwa agaciro gakomeye mu muco gakondo. N'ubwo amasaka afite akamaro, umusaruro wayo uracyari muke bitewe ahanini n'ibyatsi bibi nka Rwona kubura imbuto zitanga umusaruro mwishi, ubutaka bwagundutse, indwara ndetse n'ibonnyi n'ubumenyi budahagije bw'abahinzi ku byerekeye uburyo bwiza bwo guhinga amasaka.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">https://web.archive.org/web/20230226110828/http://www.ehinga.org/kin/articles/sorghur/varieties</ref><ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20220912163933/https://umutihealth.com/amasaka/</ref>[[Dosiye:Amasaka avamo Ikigage.jpg|thumb|amasaka avamo ikigage]] [[File:2015.11-435-047ap1 sorghum,harvesting,cutting INERA Res.Stat.Farako-Ba(Bobo-Dioulasso Dpt),BF fri06nov2015-0938h.jpg|thumb|sorghum,harvesting,cutting INERA Res.Stat.Farako-Ba(Bobo-Dioulasso Dpt),BF fri06nov2015-0938h]] === '''Amoko y’amasaka''' === Ku isi hari amoko y’amasaka arenga 200, amenshi muri yo akaba ari aya Kinyarwanda, kandi akaba abitse mu kigega cy’imbuto. Muri ayo moko y’amasaka, atandatu muri yo atanga umusaruro mwiza, aberanye n’uturere twinshi tw’ubuhinzi, * Mu turere tw’imisozi migufi, amoko: IS21219 na IS8193 niyo atanga umusaruro mwinshi kurusha ayandi. Ishusho ya mbere (1) irerekana ubwoko bw’amasaka IS819 nk’uko agaragara mu murima utuburirwamo imbuto. * Uturere tw’ubuhinzi tw’imisozi iringaniye tuberanye n’amoko ya Kigufi, Ikinyaruka, IS21219 ndetse na IS8193. Ishusho ya 2 irerekana amoko ya IS21219 na Kigufi ahingwa i Rubona ahatuburirwa imbuto y’amasaka. * Muturere tw’ubuhinzi tw’imisozi miremire, amoko atatu y’amasaka niyo atanga umusaruro mwinshi kurusha ayandi : BM1, BM33 na N9. Ishusho iri hasi irerekana ubwoko bwa N9 bwahinzwe mu kigo cy’ubushakashatsi cya Rwerere mu mwaka wa 2009.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref>https://mobile.igihe.com/umuco/amateka/article/inzuzi-n-amasaka-imfura-mu-bihingwa-byatunze-abanyarwanda-imyaka-amagana</ref> === Gutegura umurima w'amasaka === [[Dosiye:दगडी ज्वारी, आटपाडी Dagadi Jowar, Aatpadi (Sorghum bicolor).jpg|thumb|Amasaka y'umweru]] Mbere yo gutera amasaka umurima ugomba kuba uteguye neza. Bahinga bageza isuka hasi uburebure bw’ubuhinge bukareshya n’ubw’isuka imwe. Bakuramo urwiri kandi bagacoca amanonko, Amasaka agomba guterwa ku mirongo ifite m 0,75 hagati y’umurongo n’undi, na m. 0,20 hagati mu murongo. Ashobora no kubibwa bamisha.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /> === Gukorera amasaka === Amasaka ni igihingwa gitinda gukura. Niyo mpamvu bakirinda ibyatsi bibi. Ubusanzwe amasaka abagarwa bwa mbere areshya na cm 10 (nyuma y’ukwezi 1 babibye). Bayabagarira bwa kabiri areshya na cm 25 kugeza kuri 30. Bayicira hashize ukwezi babibye, bayasukira hashize amezi 2 babibye.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://kiny.taarifa.rw/akamaro-kamasaka-si-intungamubiri-gusa-yarokoye-nabatutsi-muri-jenoside/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-02-26 |archive-date=2023-02-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230226113438/https://kiny.taarifa.rw/akamaro-kamasaka-si-intungamubiri-gusa-yarokoye-nabatutsi-muri-jenoside/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.impamba.com/2022/09/25/bugesera-ubuyobozi-bwakuriye-inzira-ku-murima-abifuza-guhinga-amasaka/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-02-26 |archive-date=2023-02-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230226113436/http://www.impamba.com/2022/09/25/bugesera-ubuyobozi-bwakuriye-inzira-ku-murima-abifuza-guhinga-amasaka/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> === '''Gufumbira''' === Amasaka afumbizwa ifumbire y’imborera n’imvaruganda. Bafumbiza kg 200 z’ifumbire y’imborera iboze neza kuri ari 1, mbere yo gusanza ubutaka. Bakoresha na none kg 2,5 za NPK 17-17-17 kuri ari 1, igakoreshwa batera cyangwa ibyumweru 2 nyuma yo gutera. Na none, kg 1 ya ire zigomba gukoreshwa mu gihe cy’ihinga.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.intyoza.com/2020/03/09/kamonyi-amasaka-agiye-kongera-guhabwa-agaciro-nkigihingwa-cyatoranijwe-kubera-uruganda-rwikigage/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-02-26 |archive-date=2023-02-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230226113436/https://www.intyoza.com/2020/03/09/kamonyi-amasaka-agiye-kongera-guhabwa-agaciro-nkigihingwa-cyatoranijwe-kubera-uruganda-rwikigage/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> === '''Kwicira amasaka''' === [[Dosiye:Kugesa.jpg|thumb|Kugesa amasaka]] Mu gihe cy’ibiba hamera amasaka menshi. Ni ngombwa rero kuyicira hakurwamo udushaka tunanutse kugira ngo asigaye abyibushye akure neza, hubahirizwa intera ya cm 20 hagati y’ishaka n’irindi. Ibi bigomba gukorwa bwa mbere amasaka afite cm 10 z’uburebure. Ubwa kabiri bikorwa amasaka afite uburebure bwa cm 20.<ref name=":0" /> === '''Gusukira''' === Amasaka bayasukira hashize hagati y’ukwezi kumwe n’abiri atewe, hakurikijwe ubwoko bw’amasaka n’imikurire yayo.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" /><ref name=":2" /> === Indwara n'uburyo bwo kurwanya udukoko === === '''Rwona''' === Rwona ni icyatsi kibi cyane cyimeza gishamikiye ku mizi y’ishaka kandi gatubya umusaruro w’amasaka, cyane mu duce dushyuha twa Afurika yo munsi y’ubutayu bwa Sahara aho gishobora gutubya umusaruro kugera ku 100%. Mu murima urimo rwona amasaka ntakura vuba ndetse akenshi yuma mbere y’uko abumbura. Rwona yangiza amasaka mu buryo bubiri. Uburyo bwa mbere icuranwa n’igihingwa amazi n’ibyakagitunze, ubwa kabiri iniga amasaka ntiyere neza. Kugira ngo urwanye Rwona,  ugomba gufumbira neza umurima ukoresheje ifumbire irimo Azote, gusimburanya neza ibihingwa mu murima no kubagara ugakuramo ibyo byatsi mbere y'uko bimera bikagaragara hejuru y'ubutaka no gutera imbuto z'amasaka yihanganira icyo cyatsi kibi. Ishusho ikurikira irerekana amasaka yangijwe na rwona.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /> === '''Isazi''' === Isazi ni imwe mu dusimba twangiza amasaka mu buryo bukomeye. Urunyo rw’iyo sazi rurya intimatima y'ishaka maze ikuma. Iyo ukuruye ikibabi cy'imbere kiraranduka maze ugasanga aho cyaririwe ku ntangiriro yacyo hanuka. Udusazi duto tw'umweru dutungwa n'ibice by'ikimera biboze. Iyo sazi yangiza cyane amasaka nyuma y'icyumweru kimwe kugeza ku kwezi atewe. Uburyo bwo kurwanya isazi y’amasaka ni ukubahiriza igihe cy’ihinga, gutera amoko y’amasaka yihanganira ibyonnyi, gutera amasaka menshi kugira ngo azangizwa n'isazi arandurwe.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /> === '''Nkongwa''' === [[Dosiye:Spodoptera frugiperda (200211-0809).jpg|thumb|140x140px|Nkongwa iri ku kibabi.]] Nkongwa ni agasimba kangiza amasaka cyane. Ibimenyetso n'ubwone: nkongwa zikiri nto zirya amababi, naho izikuze zicukura umwobo mu giti cy'ishaka. Amasaka yacukuwemo imyobo na nkongwa ntiyera neza, kandi ashobora no kubora mu mizi. Nkongwa bayirwanya batwika ibikenyeri byumye no gutera amasaka yihanganira indwara.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /> === '''Urugombyi''' === Iyi ndwara igaragazwa n’ibimenyetso byinshi. Ikimenyetso cya mbere ni uko ahakagiye intete havamo ibintu by’umurenda. Aho uwo murenda uguye, hasi cyangwa ku mababi, hasa n’umweru. Uwo murenda si umwe uza ku mababi ariho ubuhunduguru mu gihe nta mvura iriho. Uburyo bwo kurwanya iyi ndwara ni ugutera amoko yihanganira indwara, kubahiriza igihe cy’ihinga birinda gutera batinze.<ref name=":0" /> === '''Inopfu''' === Inopfu ni indwara ifata amasaka mu gihe abumbura. Mu mwanya w’intete hazamo ifu y’umukara. Inopfu y’amasaka yigaragaza ukwinshi. Hari ubwo usanga agahu k’umweru gatwikiriye ihundo, hari n’ubwo nta kiba kiritwikiriye aribyo bita igihembanopfu, hakaba rero n’iyo ihundo ryose ryirabura ritwikirijwe n’agahu k’umweru. Inopfu irwanywa bavanga imbuto n’umuti wica uduhumyo mbere yo gutera, kurandura no gutwika amasaka agifatwa atarakwiza indwara, gutera amoko yihanganira indwara, gusimburanya neza ibihingwa mu murima.<ref name=":1" /> === '''Imungu''' === [[Dosiye:Lesser grain borer.jpg|thumb|115x115px|Imungu iri kwangiza ibigori.]] Imungu ni imwe mu dusimba twangiza amasaka cyane ku isi hose cyane cyane mu bihugu bishyuha. Imungu yangiza intete z’amasaka akiri mu murima ndetse n’ahunitse mu bigega. Imungu icukura umwobo mu ntete y’ishaka, igateramo amagi yarangiza ikayatwikira. Hari rero uburyo bwinshi bwo kurwanya imungu. Ubw’ingenzi ni ukujonjora neza intete zamunzwe zigatandukanywa n’izitaramungwa, gusukura neza ikigega gihunikwamo amasaka bateramo imiti yica udukoko.<ref name=":0" /> === Gusarura === [[Dosiye:Sorghum bicolor Bild0902.jpg|thumb|amasaka atukura]] Amasaka asarurwa igihe yeze neza. Iyo amasaka yeze, aho intete zimerera harirabura. Amasaka yera ahereye ku mutwe w’ihundo ugana hasi. Batema amasaka bakayanika kugira ngo agabanukemo amazi. Ishusho ikurikira irerekana ubwanikiro bw’amasaka mu kigo cy’ubushakashatsi cya Rubona, mu buryo butuma yuma neza.<ref name=":0" /> === Guhunika amasaka === Amasaka agomba kurindwa imungu, agomba kwanikwa ahantu hasukuye neza mu rwego rwo kuyarinda kwanduzwa n’imyanda iyo ariyo yose ishobora kuyakururira izindi ndwara. Mu kigega hagomba kuba hagera urumuri n’umwuka, ibi bituma abikwa igihe kirekire akiri mazima. Agomba kurindwa ubuhehere bwayazanira kubora, kumungwa cyangwa udusimba twayangiza.<ref name=":1" /> Amasaka ni igihingwa k’ingirakamaro mu duce twinshi twa Africa no muri Asia, akoreshwa nk’ibyokurya ndetse n’ibyokunywa bitandukanye. Mu Rwanda amasaka avugwamo umutsima, ashigishwamo igikoma, ndetse avamo inzoga zitandukanye za gakondo nk’ikigage, umusururu n’ibindi, zihabwa agaciro gakomeye mu muco nyarwanda.  Ikoranabuhanga ribasha gukora ibyo kurya binyuranye hifashishijwe ifu y'amasaka ( za gato, ibisuguti n'ibindi).<ref name=":0" /> == Igihe cyamenyekanye== Amasaka bivugwako ubu shakashatsi bwerekanyeko amasaka amaze imyaka igera 10,000 agaragaye mugihugu cya [[Sudani]] no mu [[misiri]].<ref name=":0">https://www.kigalitoday.com/ubuhinzi/ubuhinzi/article/menya-ibyiza-by-amasaka-ikinyampeke-kirusha-ibindi-guhingwa-muri-afurika</ref> == Ibyiza byamasaka == Amasaka nikimwe mubihigwa byambere tugira mubihugu byacu by'a [[Afurika]] dukunda guhinga .amasaka kandi ni igihingwa dukunda gukoresha mubuzima bwacu bwaburi munsi kuko tuyakoresha mumafunguro kandi tunayakoresha mubinyobwa tunywa burimunsi urugero nk'igikoma n'[[ikigage]].<ref name=":2">https://web.archive.org/web/20220912163933/https://umutihealth.com/amasaka/</ref> == Reba == {{Reflist}} . [[Ikiciro:Ibimera]] [[Ikiciro:Ibiribwa]] h37w0b68834e23x1gqdx4979gs29tow 0 12737 133336 132357 2026-06-28T04:26:40Z InternetArchiveBot 9716 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 133336 wikitext text/x-wiki Nsengimana Rukundo Christian ni umuhanzi w'umunyarwanda umaze kwamamara kw'izina rya Chriss Easy nk'izina ry'ubuhanzi.<ref>https://igihe.com/imyidagaduro/muzika/article/chriss-eazy-umuhanzi-w-abana#:~:text=Chriss%20Eazy%20yatangiye%20aririmbana%20na,indirimbo%20zirimo%20%E2%80%9CUzi%20ko%20Usetsa%3F</ref> == Amateka ya Chriss Easy == Chriss Eazy ni umuhanzi w'umunyarwanda ukunzwe n'abatari bake mu [[Igihugu|gihugu]] cy'u [[Rwanda-Urundi|Rwanda]] ndetse no hanze ya cyo. Ni [[Umuhanzi Kamariza|umuhanzi]] ukuzwe muri muzika nya[[Rwanda Cricket Stadium|rwanda]] ndetse akaba ari no mu bahanzi bagezweho.<ref>https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/1059/entertainment/chris-eazy-ranked-among-six-best-new-artistes-in-africa</ref> Chriss Eazy watangiye muzika nya[[Rwanda Rwacu|rwanda]] akora injyana ya hiphop nyuma akaza guhindura akajya mu njyana zigezweho aho yamaze kwandika andi [[Amateka ku yahoze ari Gereza ya Nyarugenge 1930|mateka]]. Uyu muhanzi akunzwe n'urubyiruko cyane kuko ari nabo bafana be cyane.<ref>https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/184725/Lifestyle/hip-hop-through-the-eyes-of-a-20-year-old-rapper</ref> Chriss Eazy ari mu bahanzi b'abanyarwanda banditse [[Amateka y'umuhanda wo Kwamutwe|amateka]] aho [[Indirimbo y’igihugu|indirimbo]] ye " [[Inama y’Abaminisitiri|INANA]] " yarebwe n'abarenze miriyoni imwe mu gihe cy'ibyumweru bibiri gusa.<ref>https://yegob.rw/umuhanzi-chriss-eazy-yakoze-amateka-atarakorwa-nabahanzi-bashya/</ref> Chriss Easy yabuze umubyeyi we witwaga Muzirankoni Esther kuwa gatandatu taliki ya 13 Kamena 2025 azize uburwayi bwa Diyabete yaramaze iminsi arwariye mu bitaro bya Nyarugenge.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.btnrwanda.com/page/news-details/nid/3140/Mama-wa-Chriss-Eazy-yitabye-Imana |title=Archive copy |access-date=2026-06-21 |archive-date=2026-03-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260314130459/https://btnrwanda.com/page/news-details/nid/3140/Mama-wa-Chriss-Eazy-yitabye-Imana |url-status=dead }}</ref> == IBIHEMBO CHRISS EASY YATWAYE == Uyu muhanzi yagiye yitabira amarushanwa y'abanyempano kugeza ubwo bimukundiye muri 2021.Yegukana ibihembo bitandukanye harimo icyo yakuye muri Talent Zone, yahembwe ibirimo kujya kwiga gufata no gutunganya amashusho y'indirimbo, ibihumbi magana atatu mirongo itanu(350,000 rwf), na telefone igendanwa ari nayo ya mbere yaratunze.<ref>https://www.igihe.com/imyidagaduro/article/umuraperi-watangiye-umuziki-ahawe-itike-na-nyina-chriss-eazy-wa-mbere-y</ref> == AMASHAKIRO; == [[Ikiciro:Umuhanzi]] [[Ikiciro:Umuziki nyarwanda]] 7fzl31zpejvnp2vznwmdzcvt3n91lk4 0 12966 133298 132264 2026-06-27T15:43:52Z MUNEZA Florien 17923 /* */ Hakosowe imyandikire 133298 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Croix rouge helping young person in Athletisme at Amahoro stadium kigali RWANDA.jpg|thumb|ubuvuzi bw'ibanze]] [[Dosiye:Traditional Healer.jpg|thumb|Ubuvuzi gakondo]] [[Dosiye:Nurse administers a vaccine.jpg|thumb|Gutera urushinge]] [[Dosiye:Medical Doctor on a microscope in a medical lab. Hopital Douala Cameroun 29.jpg|thumb|Gusuzuma ibizamini]]  Sitati igaragaza uwatangije imiti '''Ubuvuzi''' ni siyansi kandi ikora <ref>{{Cite journal|pages=18–22}}</ref> yo kwita ku murwayi, gucunga indwara, guhanura, gukumira, kuvura, kwanduza imvune cyangwa indwara, no guteza imbere ubuzima bw'abarwayi . Ubuvuzi bukubiyemo ibikorwa bitandukanye by'ubuzima byahinduwe kugira ngo bibungabunge kandi bigarure ubuzima hakoreshejwe gukumira no kuvura indwara . Ubuvuzi bwa none bukoresha ubumenyi bw'ibinyabuzima, ubushakashatsi bw'ibinyabuzima, genetiki, n’ikoranabuhanga mu buvuzi mu gusuzuma, kuvura, no gukumira ibikomere n’indwara, ubusanzwe binyuze mu miti y’imiti cyangwa kubaga, ariko kandi binyuze mu buvuzi butandukanye nko kuvura indwara zo mu mutwe, gutandukana , ibikoresho by’ubuvuzi, ibinyabuzima, n'imirasire ya ionizing, mubindi. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Dictionary, medicine |url=http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/medicine |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304154538/http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/medicine |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=2 December 2013}}</ref> [[Dosiye:Younger man ready to have his HIV test results.jpg|thumb|Ubuvuzi ]] Ubuvuzi bwakorwaga kuva mu bihe byabanjirije amateka, kandi muri icyo gihe ahanini bwari ubuhanzi (agace ko guhanga n'ubuhanga), akenshi bufitanye isano n'imyizerere ishingiye ku idini na [[Filozofi|filozofiya]] y'umuco wabo. Kurugero, umuganga w'umugabo yakoreshaga ibyatsi akavuga amasengesho yo gukira, cyangwa [[Filozofi|umufilozofe]] n'umuganga wa kera yakoreshaga amaraso akurikije amahame yo gusetsa . Mu binyejana byashize, kuva siyanse ya kijyambere yatangira, ubuvuzi bwinshi bwabaye ihuriro ryubuhanzi na siyanse (byombi byari ingenzi kandi bikoreshwa, munsi y'ubumenyi '''bw'ubuvuzi''' ). Kurugero, mugihe ubuhanga bwo kudoda kubudozi nubuhanzi bwizwe binyuze mu myitozo, y'ubumenyi bwibibera kurwego rwa selile na molekuline mubice biva mu bumenyi. Uburyo bwa kera bw'ubuvuzi, ubu buzwi nk'ubuvuzi gakondo cyangwa ''ubuvuzi bwa rubanda'', bwagumye bukoreshwa cyane mu gihe hatabayeho ubuvuzi bwa siyansi, bityo bakitwa ubundi buvuzi . Ubundi buryo bwo kuvura hanze y'ubuvuzi bwa siyanse hamwe n’umutekano hamwe n’ingirakamaro byitwa kugoragoza . [[Ikiciro:Umuti]] 08bmc6y80m5282zgcbiokoxvg04m7x4 0 13042 133364 109423 2026-06-28T09:43:38Z InternetArchiveBot 9716 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 133364 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Hospital room ubt.jpeg|thumb|Ibitaro bya Mibilizi]] [[Dosiye:Hospital.png|thumb|Ibitaro]] [[Dosiye:Letrero del Hospital de Medina del Campo.JPG|thumb|Ibitaro]] '''Ibitaro bya Mibilizi''' byashinzwe mu mwaka w'1952 ni Ivuriro rikuru rya karere riherereye mu [[Akarere ka Rusizi|karere ka Rusizi]] mu murenge wa Gashonga bikaba mu [[Intara y'Uburengerazuba|intara r'uburengerazuba]], ababigana baturuka mu mirenge igize ikibaya cya Bugarama, imirenge wa Butare bagasaba akarere ko nyuma yo gutunganya umuhanda Masheshana Mibilizi watezaga ibibazo yuko abikorera bahashyira imodoka itwara abagenzi harimo n'abarwayi kuko batanga amafagaranga menshi bakoresha Moto.<ref>https://bwiza.com/?Rusizi-Abagana-ibitaro-bya-Mibilizi-barishimira-impinduka-mu-mitangire-ya</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://kiny.taarifa.rw/ambulance-yibitaro-bya-mibirizi-yagonganye-nigare-irangirika/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2022-11-21 |archive-date=2022-11-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221121141234/https://kiny.taarifa.rw/ambulance-yibitaro-bya-mibirizi-yagonganye-nigare-irangirika/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Amashakiro == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Rwanda]] [[Ikiciro:Ubuvuzi mu Rwanda]] [[Ikiciro:Ibitaro mu Rwanda|Mibilizi]] gy5ejtkvysa8m7ht2iriahpaw59jfny 0 13233 133299 118815 2026-06-27T15:49:04Z MUNEZA Florien 17923 /* */ Hakosowe imyandikire irimo utwatuzo 133299 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Pharmacy-nl.JPG|thumb|173x173px|Farumasi]] [[Dosiye:Siglăfarmacii.png|thumb|Ikirango kigaragaza farumasi.|170x170px]] '''Farumasi''' ni [[:en:Health_science|siyanse]] [[Ubuvuzi|yubuvuzi ihuza siyanse yubuvuzi]] na [[:en:Chemistry|chimie]] kandi ishinzwe kuvumbura, gukora, kujugunya, gukoresha neza kandi neza, no kugenzura [[:en:Medication|imiti]] [[:en:Medication|n'indi miti yose]] . Imyitozo ya farumasi isaba ubumenyi buhebuje bw'ibiyobyabwenge, uburyo bw'ibikorwa, ingaruka, imikoranire, kugenda n'uburozi . Mu gihe kimwe, bisaba ubumenyi bwo kuvura no gusobanukirwa inzira y'indwara . Impuguke zimwe z'aba farumasi, nkiz’aba farumasi b’amavuriro, zisaba ubundi buhanga, urugero ubumenyi bujyanye no kubona no gusuzuma amakuru yumubiri na laboratoire. <ref name="Thomas_2019">https://books.google.com/books?id=9Jp7DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA1</ref> == Ibikorwa Bya Farumasi == [[Dosiye:Pharmacologyprism.jpg|thumb|Ishusho igaragaza ibyiciro bitanu by'ibanze by'ubushakashatsi mu bumenyi bwa farumasi.|174x174px]] Ibikorwa bya farumasi bikubiyemo inshingano gakondo nko [[:en:Compounding|guhuza]] no gutanga imiti, kandi ikubiyemo serivisi zigezweho zijyanye no [[Ubuvuzi|kwita ku buzima]], harimo serivisi z’amavuriro, gusuzuma imiti y’umutekano n’ingirakamaro, no gutanga amakuru y’ibiyobyabwenge. [[:en:Pharmacist|Abafarumasiye]] rero, ni inzobere mu kuvura ibiyobyabwenge kandi ni inzobere mu buzima bw’ibanze zitezimbere gukoresha imiti ku nyungu z’abarwayi. == Ababigize umwuga == Ishami [[:en:World_Health_Organization|ry'Umuryango w'Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima]] rivuga ko ku isi hari byibuze miliyoni 2.6 z'aba farumasi n'abandi bakozi ba farumasi. <ref>World Health Organization. [https://web.archive.org/web/20110518070423/http://www.who.int/whosis/whostat/2011/en/index.html ''World Health Statistics 2011''] – Table 6: Health workforce, infrastructure, and essential medicines. Geneva, 2011. Accessed 21 July 2011.</ref> === Abafarumasiye === Abafarumasiye ni inzobere mu [[:en:Healthcare_profession|by'ubuzima]] zifite uburezi n’amahugurwa yihariye bakora imirimo itandukanye kugira ngo abarwayi [[:en:Health|babo]] babone umusaruro mwiza binyuze mu gukoresha imiti neza. [[:en:Pharmacist|Abafarumasiye]] barashobora kandi kuba ba rwiyemezamirimo bato, bafite farumasi bakoreramo. Kubera ko abafarumasiye bazi uburyo bwimikorere yibiyobyabwenge runaka, ningaruka za metabolisme ningaruka za physiologique kumubiri wumuntu kuburyo burambuye, bigira uruhare runini mugutezimbere imiti ivura umuntu. [[Dosiye:Pharmacy, Medicine Store, DrugsBank.jpg|thumb|farumasia|201x201px]] === Abakozi bunganira farumas === === Abatekinisiye ba farumasi === Abatekinisiye ba farumasi bashyigikira umurimo w’aba farumasi n’abandi bahanga mu buzima bakora imirimo itandukanye ijyanye na farumasi, harimo gutanga imiti yandikiwe n’ibindi bikoresho by’ubuvuzi no kubigisha kubikoresha. Barashobora kandi gukora imirimo yubuyobozi mubikorwa bya farumasi, nko gusuzuma ibyifuzo byandikirwa mubiro byubuvuzi hamwe n’amasosiyete yubwishingizi kugirango imiti ikwiye itangwe kandi ubwishyu bwakiriwe.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharmacy</ref> === Referances === [[Ikiciro:Health]] [[Ikiciro:Ubuzima]] knlmuzi4wa3cfwl380pi67yqgmoe22p 0 13390 133310 89308 2026-06-27T18:33:21Z Igiraneza Divine 15375 Impinduka 133310 wikitext text/x-wiki Uwase Clementine w’imyaka 24 wo mu Murenge wa Busasamana mu [[Akarere ka Nyanza|Karere ka Nyanza]], ni rwiyemeza mirimo watangiye guhanga udushya dutandukanye ashingiye ku masomo yize mu ishami rya Electronic Service mu mashuri yisumbuye, aho biga amasomo atandukanye arimo amashanyarazi n’ibindi bya tekinike, ugushyira amashanyarazi mu busitani ku buryo iyo umwijima uje yiyatsa, haza urumuri akizimya bidasabye ko hari umuntu ubikora, akandi gashya yahanze ni uburyo bw’intabaza igihe inzu yaba ifashwe n’inkongi y’umuriro, ikindi azi no gukora ibindi bikorwa nko gusana telefone, radio, televiziyo n’ibindi bitandukanye igihe byangiritse.<ref>https://mobile.igihe.com/ikoranabuhanga/article/inzozi-za-uwase-watangiye-guhanga-udushya-akoresheje-tekinike</ref> == AMASHAKIRO == [[Ikiciro:Rwiyemeza mirimo]] [[Ikiciro:Umugore]] jkv9jdhtpfs6p9qnliromq7ckojd2kx 0 13419 133362 127617 2026-06-28T09:36:54Z InternetArchiveBot 9716 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 133362 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:ADEPR Nyamata District Hospital.jpg|thumb|Ibitaro bya ADEPR Nyamata]] [[Dosiye:Hospital room ubt.jpeg|thumb|Ibitaro]] Ibitaro bya Nyamata ni ibitaro byo ku rwego rwa kabiri byigisha, biherereye mu murenge wa Nyamata mu [[Akarere ka Bugesera|Karere ka Bugesera]] mu [[Intara y'Iburasirazuba|intara y'Uburasirazuba]] bikaba byaratangiye gukora muri Werurwe 2002, bikaba ari umutungo w'idini rya ADEPR, gusa bikaba bigenzurwa na ADEPR ndetse na Guverinoma y'u Rwanda. Ibi bitaro biganwa n’abarwayi barenga ibihumbi 400, aho 80% ari abaturage b'akarere ka Bugesera naho 20% bakaba ari abo m'uturere twegeranye na Bugesera, bikaba bifite abaganga 5 b'inzobere, 22 bavura indwara zisanzwe, ababyaza bagera kuri 13.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://kiny.taarifa.rw/ibitaro-bya-nyamata-bivugwamo-kutagira-amazi-meya-ati-amazi-se-abura-ate-mu-bitaro/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2022-11-20 |archive-date=2022-11-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221120144840/https://kiny.taarifa.rw/ibitaro-bya-nyamata-bivugwamo-kutagira-amazi-meya-ati-amazi-se-abura-ate-mu-bitaro/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>[https://nyamatahospital.prod.risa.rw/about-us/nyamata-dh Nyamata DH]</ref> Mu gikorwa cya Army week inzobere mu by’ubuvuzi z’[[Ibitaro bya Gisirikare by'u Rwanda|ibitaro bya gisirikare kanombe]] nazo zaje gutanga umusanzu mukuvura aha kubitaro bugesera, kubera izuba n'ubushyuhe amazi yakunze kubura gusa ibi bitaro byo byabaga bifite amazi ahagije.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.igihe.com/amakuru/u-rwanda/article/ibitaro-bya-bugesera-biratabaza-ku-bw-abaganga-14-batabasha-kwita-ku-bihumbi |title=Archive copy |access-date=2022-11-20 |archive-date=2019-08-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190813191939/http://igihe.com/amakuru/u-rwanda/article/ibitaro-bya-bugesera-biratabaza-ku-bw-abaganga-14-batabasha-kwita-ku-bihumbi |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://www.flickr.com/photos/98287631@N05/10134610735/</ref> [[Dosiye:BugeseraDist.png|center|thumb|Aho ibitaro bya ADEPR Nyamata biherereye]] == Amashakiro == [[Ikiciro:Rwanda]] [[Ikiciro:Ibitaro mu Rwanda]] djms28e814zyi06p9r0xbj80idhm6u2 0 13756 133328 127887 2026-06-28T02:10:40Z InternetArchiveBot 9716 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 133328 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Terracettes above Kingston near Lewes - geograph.org.uk - 1822067.jpg|thumb|Amaterasi y'indinganire|163x163px]] [[Dosiye:Mountain in Rutsiro district, western Rwanda.jpg|thumb|Amaterasi|167x167px]] [[Dosiye:Terrace farming Uttarakhand.jpg|thumb|Amaterase|173x173px]] == AMATERASI == Amaterasi y’indinganire yabaye ipfundo rikomeye mu guhindura imibereho y’abatuye mu misozi miremire y’[[Akarere ka Gicumbi]]. Inyungu y’inyabutatu y’aya materasi ishingiye ku: * gufata ubutaka ntibutwarwe n’isuri, * kongera umusaruro * kandi aterwaho ubwatsi bugaburirwa amatungo byatumye inka zongera umukamo.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |url=https://panorama.rw/inyungu-yinyabutatu-mu-materasi-yindinganire/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-02-17 |archive-date=2023-02-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230217120727/https://panorama.rw/inyungu-yinyabutatu-mu-materasi-yindinganire/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == INYUNGU Z'AMATERASI == Amaterasi y’indinganire kuyakora byasabaga ingamba zo guca amaterasi y’indinganire n’abayakora ku misozi ihanamye kugira ngo bakumire isuri yangizaga urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima n’ibidukikije, kubera ko mu mirima y’abaturage hamanukaga isuri igatwara imyaka, ifumbire, n’ubutaka ikabijyana mu kabande.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://umuseke.rw/2022/05/huye-amaterasi-yindinganire-yakumiriye-isuri-yangizaga-ibidukikije-ku-misozi-ihanamye/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-02-17 |archive-date=2023-02-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230217122211/https://umuseke.rw/2022/05/huye-amaterasi-yindinganire-yakumiriye-isuri-yangizaga-ibidukikije-ku-misozi-ihanamye/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Abahinzi b’ibirayi bahinga kijyambere mu materasi y’indinganire byabafashije kongera umusaruro kuko ngo wikubye inshuro zirenga eshatu nyuma y’uko batangiye guhinga kijyambere.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://rwandanews24.rw/2022/02/01/gicumbi-abahinzi-bibirayi-amaterasi-yindinganire-ngo-yabafashije-kongera-umusaruro/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-02-17 |archive-date=2023-02-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230217123715/https://rwandanews24.rw/2022/02/01/gicumbi-abahinzi-bibirayi-amaterasi-yindinganire-ngo-yabafashije-kongera-umusaruro/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[Dosiye:Terraces in Rwanda.jpg|thumb|Amaterasi y'indinganire|190x190px]] == MURI GICUMBI == mushinga Green Gicumbi ukorera mu karere ka Gicumbi, Mu bikorwa by’ingenzi by’uyu mushinga harimo gutunganya amateraasi y’indinganire n’abayakora, gusazura amashyamba, kubungabunga amasoko y’icyogogo cy’umugezi w’Umuvumba, gutuza abaturage mu midugudu no kubafasha gucana batobona ibidukikije cyangwa ngo bahumanye ikirere.<ref name=":0" /><ref>https://mobile.igihe.com/amakuru/u-rwanda/article/barahingaga-ntibeze-uko-amaterasi-yasembuye-ubuhinzi-bugezweho-i-gicumbi</ref> == AMASHAKIRO == [[Ikiciro:Ibidukikije]] cbz9cyw4wgu6kcq9ns5v4yjerz6wvd5 0 13758 133371 114053 2026-06-28T10:18:50Z InternetArchiveBot 9716 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 133371 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Fleuve Nyong - Mbalmyo.jpg|thumb|ICYOGOGO CY'UMUGEZI WA SEBEYA|180x180px]] == UMUGEZI WA SEBEYA == [[Dosiye:Akanyaru river.jpg|thumb|178x178px|Sebeya]] '''[[umugezi wa Sebeya]]''' ni uruzi ruri mu [[Intara y'Uburengerazuba|Ntara y'Iburengerazuba]], u [[Rwanda]] rusohoka mu [[Ikiyaga cya Kivu|kiyaga cya Kivu]] giherereye mu majyepfo y'umujyi wa Gisenyi. Umugezi wa Sebeya ukomoka mu misozi y'[[akarere ka Rutsiro]].Ipima kilometero 110 z'uburebure bwamazi irimo kilometero kare 286 y'[[Akarere ka Rutsiro|aturere ka Rutsiro]], [[Akarere ka Ngororero|Ngororero]] na [[Akarere ka Rubavu|Rubavu]].<ref>https://umuryango.rw/amakuru/mu-rwanda/ubuzima/article/rubavu-umugezi-wa-sebeya-wuzuye-cyane-uheza-abantu-mu-nzu</ref> == SEBEYE IRANGIZA == [[Umugezi wa Sebeya]] iyo wuzuye usenyera amazu, igatwara imyaka  twahinze bikaduteza inzara,  sebeya iteje ikibazo cyane, kuko itwara ibintu n’abantu.<ref>https://www.rwandayacu.com/rubavu-abaturiye-umugezi-wa-sebeya-babangamiwe-nuko-ubangiriza-imitungo-ukanabatwara-abantu/</ref>[[Dosiye:Soil Erosion at its worst-1+ (2146221852).jpg|thumb|Isuri itwara imwaka|164x164px]] == ICYOGOGO CYA SEBEYA == umushinga wo kubungabunga icyogogo cya Sebeya watangiye ukorera mu turere 4, [[Akarere ka Rutsiro]], [[Akarere ka Rubavu]], Akarere ka Ngororero na [[Akarere ka Nyabihu]].Ni umushinga wari ugamije gukumira ibiza byaterwaga nuwo mugezi, harimo imyuzure, yangizaga ibikorwa remezo, isuri yavaga mu misozi ikikije uwo mugezi, igatwara imyaka mu mirima, no kwangiza ubutaka n’ibindi.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |url=https://www.isangostar.rw/kubungabunga-icyogogo-cya-sebeya-byahinduye-imibereho-yabaturage |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-02-17 |archive-date=2023-02-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230217124837/https://www.isangostar.rw/kubungabunga-icyogogo-cya-sebeya-byahinduye-imibereho-yabaturage |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=":1">https://igihe.com/ibidukikije/ibungabunga/article/rubavu-umugezi-wa-sebeya-wimuraga-abaturage-umaze-kuba-ishingiro-ry-ubuzima</ref> == HAKORWA IKI == [[Dosiye:Igishanga.jpg|thumb|Icyogogo|131x131px]] Icyogogo cya Sebeya, muri uyu mushinga hatewe ibiti, amashyamba, hacibwa amaterasi yindinganire n’ayikora, hatangwa ibigega bifata amazi y’imvura,hubakwa ibidamu, horozwa abaturage baho ndetse aba arinabo bahabwa akazi ko gukora iyo mirimo.<ref name=":0" /><ref>https://www.rwandayacu.com/rubavu-abaturiye-umugezi-wa-sebeya-babangamiwe-nuko-ubangiriza-imitungo-ukanabatwara-abantu/</ref><ref name=":1" /> == AMASHAKIRO == [[Ikiciro:Ibidukikije]] <references /> [[Ikiciro:Umugezi]] p94nn71oxgga1phoas9k11vgoz43hfc 0 13916 133327 115062 2026-06-28T01:59:34Z InternetArchiveBot 9716 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 133327 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Ibiti vy'impande y'umwonga wa Muramvya.jpg|thumb|Ishyamba muri Gatsibo|155x155px]] [[Dosiye:Umutunzi.jpg|thumb|amashyamba muri gatsibo|165x165px]] [[Dosiye:Sapium glandulosum.jpg|thumb|ishami ry igiti|159x159px]] Ikigo cy’igihugu cyita ku bidukikije giherutse gusobanurira abanyenganda bakorera mu [[Rwanda]] uburyo bashobora kugabanya guhumanya ikirere maze izonganda zikabaha amafaranga.<ref name=":0">https://www.kigalitoday.com/ibidukikije/ibungabunga/article/gatsibo-bahagurukiye-abatwika-amashyamba</ref><ref name=":1">https://www.kigalitoday.com/amakuru/amakuru-mu-rwanda/article/gatsibo-babiri-bafashwe-batema-ibiti-mu-ishyamba-rya-leta</ref> [[Dosiye:Ruisseau du Vialais - March 2021 - B.jpg|thumb|Ishyamba|163x163px]] == Kongera Amashamba == Kubera gahunda yo kongera amashyamba u [[Rwanda]] rufite, banki nyafurika itsura amajyambere yarugeneye inkunga y’amayero miliyoni 4.59 mu rwego rwo gufasha u Rwanda kwita ku mashyamba no kuyongera. Ibikorwa byo kongera [[Amashyamba yabaturage|amashyamba]] mu Rwanda bizatuma u Rwanda rushobora kwinjiza amafaranga atangwa n’inganda zikomeye zisohora imyuka yangiza ikirere. Ikigo cy’igihugu cyita ku bidukikije giherutse gusobanurira abanyenganda bakorera mu Rwanda uburyo bashobora kugabanya guhumanya ikirere maze izonganda zikabaha amafaranga. Ishyamba rizitabwaho ni irya Gishwati aho kurisana mu gihe cy’imyaka 3 bishobora kuzatanga akazi ku baturage bagera kuri 400 bagashobora kwikura mu bukene.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ukwezi.rw/Mu-rwanda/Amakuru-anyuranye/article/Gatsibo-Abagabo-batanzweho-amakuru-baguwe-gitumo-batema-ishyamba-rya-Leta |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-02-20 |archive-date=2023-02-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230220102610/http://www.ukwezi.rw/Mu-rwanda/Amakuru-anyuranye/article/Gatsibo-Abagabo-batanzweho-amakuru-baguwe-gitumo-batema-ishyamba-rya-Leta |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://www.rba.co.rw/post/U-Rwanda-rwesheje-umuhigo-wo-guterama-amashyamba-ku-buso-bungana-na-30</ref><ref>https://bwiza.com/?Iburasirazuba-Imvura-nke-igiye-gutuma-haterwa-amashyamba-by-umwihariko</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://kiny.taarifa.rw/u-rwanda-ni-urwa-mbere-muri-afurika-mu-kwagura-amashyamba-raporo/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-02-20 |archive-date=2023-02-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230220102611/https://kiny.taarifa.rw/u-rwanda-ni-urwa-mbere-muri-afurika-mu-kwagura-amashyamba-raporo/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Ibikorwa == hari ibikorwa biri gukorwa mu akarere ka Gatsibo byo kubungabunga amashyamba : * Guhagarika abatwika amashyamba * [[Dosiye:Spiny Forest Ifaty Madagascar.jpg|thumb|ishyamba|174x174px]]Guhagaika gutema ibiti mu ishyamba rya Leta<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> [[Dosiye:Hobo stove convection 2.jpg|thumb|Ishyiga|230x230px]] == Cana rumwe == Umushinga ‘Rwanda for Peace and Progress’-RPP ugiye guha abaturage ibihumbi 70 bo mu Karere ka Gatsibo amashyiga yitwa ‘Cana rumwe’ arondereza ibicanwa mu rwego rwo gusigasira no kurengera ibidukikije. Akarere ka Gatsibo kagizwe n’ibice birimo iby’imisozi miremire n’iby’imirambi, harimo ahakunze kurangwa n’izuba ryinshi, ibi bice byose bikaba bidafite amashyamba menshi ku buryo abaturage babona ibicanwa uko babishaka.Bamwe mu babyeyi bo muri Gatsibo bemeza ko izi mbabura zizagabanya hamwe na hamwe amakimbirane yaterwaga no gucanira ku nkwi, yaturukaga cyane ku mwanda wo mu gikoni kugabura ibiryo bihumuramo imyotsi n’ibindi byinshi bizamukira kuri ibyo. Uyu mushinga uzamara imyaka itatu ishobora kongerwa, ukazakorera mu mirenge yose y’[[Akarere ka Gatsibo]] uko ari 14.<ref>https://muhaziyacu.rw/amakuru/abaturage-ibihumbi-70-bi-gatsibo-bagiye-guhabwa-cana-rumwe/</ref><ref>https://mobile.igihe.com/amakuru/u-rwanda/article/gatsibo-abaturage-barenga-300-bahawe-imbabura-zirondereza-inkwi-abandi</ref> == Itegeko == Ingingo ya 59 y’iri tegeko ivuga ko umuntu wese utuma ibimera bikomye bipfa, ubisenya, ubisarura cyangwa ubyangiza, aba akoze icyaha. Iyo abihamijwe n’urukiko, ahanishwa igifungo kitari munsi y’imyaka itatu (3) ariko kitarenze imyaka itanu (5) n’ihazabu y’amafaranga y’u Rwanda atari munsi ya miliyoni imwe (1.000.000 FRW) ariko atarenze miliyoni eshatu (3.000.000FRW).Itegeko N°48/2018 ryo ku ya 13/08/2018, mu ngingo yaryo ya 44 ivuga ko hagamijwe kurengera ibinyabuzima, ibikorwa bikurikira birabujijwe: gutwika amashyamba, pariki z’Igihugu n’ibyanya; gutwika ibishanga, inzuri, ibihuru, ibyatsi hagamijwe ubuhinzi cyangwa gutunganya inzuri z’amatungo ndetse n’ibindi bikorwa ibyo aribyo byose byangiza ibidukikije birabujijwe.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> == Amashakiro == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Ibidukikije]] [[Ikiciro:Amashyamba|Gatsibo]] [[Ikiciro:Ishyamba]] e2agmn99bfs7dd72e15amp4ym9bm6wn 0 13921 133333 115597 2026-06-28T03:55:26Z InternetArchiveBot 9716 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 133333 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Department of Children Head Office Ghana.jpg|thumb|Akarere ka Gatsibo|146x146px]] [[Dosiye:Malagasy biogaz production.png|thumb|148x148px|ishyiga]] Umushinga ‘Rwanda for Peace and Progress’-RPP ugiye guha abaturage ibihumbi 70 bo mu [[Akarere ka Gatsibo|Karere ka Gatsibo]] amashyiga yitwa ‘Cana rumwe’ arondereza ibicanwa mu rwego rwo gusigasira no kurengera ibidukikije.<ref name=":0">https://muhaziyacu.rw/amakuru/abaturage-ibihumbi-70-bi-gatsibo-bagiye-guhabwa-cana-rumwe/</ref> == Akarere ka Gatsibo == [[Dosiye:Amashyiga ya kinyarwanda.jpg|thumb|149x149px|Amashyiga ya Kinyarwanda]] [[Akarere ka Gatsibo]] kagizwe n’ibice birimo iby’imisozi miremire n’iby’imirambi, harimo ahakunze kurangwa n’izuba ryinshi, ibi bice byose bikaba bidafite amashyamba menshi ku buryo abaturage babona ibicanwa uko babishaka.<ref name=":0" /><ref>https://bwiza.com/?Iburasirazuba-Imvura-nke-igiye-gutuma-haterwa-amashyamba-by-umwihariko</ref><ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/ibidukikije/ibungabunga/article/gatsibo-bahagurukiye-abatwika-amashyamba</ref><ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/amakuru/amakuru-mu-rwanda/article/gatsibo-babiri-bafashwe-batema-ibiti-mu-ishyamba-rya-leta</ref> [[Dosiye:Guteka Kinyarwanda.jpg|thumb|Amashyiga yubakiye|137x137px]] [[Dosiye:Amashyiga.jpg|thumb|Amashyiga|156x156px]] == Cana rumwe == RPP yemeza ko uyu mushinga ugamije kubungabunga no kurengera ibidukikije ugiye gushyirwa mu bikorwa muri uyu mwaka wa 2022-2023,  akomeza agira ati: “Ishyiga tugiye gutanga ni Cana rumwe ku buryo bivuguruye rigabanya ibicanwa ku kigero gifatika, iri shyiga rikoresha ibicanwa bicye, risohora umwotsi mucye utazangiza ikirere n’ubuzima bw’umuntu, rizafasha abaturage kuzigama amafaranga bakoreshaga bagura inkwi bakaba bayakoresha ikindi.Aya mashyiga azatangirwa ubuntu kuri buri muntu, abazayahabwa uruhare rwabo ngo ni ukuba bafite amatafari y’inkarakara 12, amazi, icyondo n’amase yo gukurungira aho rizubakirwa. Naho kubaka aya mashyiga bizakorwa n’urubyiruko ruzahabwa akazi rukishyurwa n’umushinga.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://kiny.taarifa.rw/u-rwanda-ni-urwa-mbere-muri-afurika-mu-kwagura-amashyamba-raporo/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-02-20 |archive-date=2023-02-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230220102611/https://kiny.taarifa.rw/u-rwanda-ni-urwa-mbere-muri-afurika-mu-kwagura-amashyamba-raporo/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Imbabura == Abaturage 320 babarizwa mu cyiciro cya mbere n’icya kabiri cy’ubudehe bo mu Murenge wa Kabarore mu Karere ka Gatsibo, bahawe imbabura zizwiho kurondereza inkwi, abandi bagenerwa ibigega by’amazi mu rwego rwo kubafasha guhangana n’ikibazo cy’inkwi n’icy’[[amazi]].Izi mbabura n’ibigega babihawe ku wa Gatanu, tariki ya 3 Kamena 2022, babihabwa na Banki ya Kigali ifatanyije na Green Solution and Supply Ltd.Imbabura buri muturage yahawe ifite agaciro k’ibihumbi 40 Frw ikaba irondereza inkwi ku kigero cya 60%, ikigega buri muturage yahawe kimwe cyakira litiro 1500 z’amazi. Nyuma yo guhabwa izi mbabura n’ibigega by’amazi abaturage bashimiye abafatanyabikorwa babibazaniye bavuga ko bizabafasha cyane.<ref>https://mobile.igihe.com/amakuru/u-rwanda/article/gatsibo-abaturage-barenga-300-bahawe-imbabura-zirondereza-inkwi-abandi</ref><ref>https://www.rba.co.rw/post/U-Rwanda-rwesheje-umuhigo-wo-guterama-amashyamba-ku-buso-bungana-na-30</ref> == Amashakiro == [[Ikiciro:Ibidukikije]] [[Ikiciro:Ibiti]] [[Ikiciro:Amashyiga]] j82zzp17widxvu5y6bi0x3v9wsgcst5 0 13951 133375 131424 2026-06-28T10:43:00Z InternetArchiveBot 9716 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 133375 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Rafael_Mariano_Grossi_visits_IPEN_CNEN_(01815162)_(51320216965).jpg|thumb|IPEN ]] '''Ihuriro mpuzamahanga ryo Kurandura Umwanda''' ('''IPEN''') <ref>{{Cite web |title=New Name Better Reflects Breadth of IPEN's Work |url=https://ipen.org/news/new-name-better-reflects-breadth-ipens-work |access-date=15 November 2019 |archive-date=30 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230430181739/https://ipen.org/news/new-name-better-reflects-breadth-ipens-work |url-status=dead }}</ref> ni ihuriro mpuzamahanga ry’imiryango itegamiye kuri Leta igamije intego imwe yo kurandura umwanda ndetse no kuyobora mu bidukikije, umwanda uhoraho ( POPs), endocrine ihungabanya imiti, nubundi burozi. uyu muryango utegamiye kuri leta zishyigikira urubuga ruhuriweho rwo kurandura burundu POP ku isi binyuze mu masezerano ya Stockholm, imirimo yo kugira uruhare mu ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’amasezerano ya Rotterdam na Basel, ndetse n’amasezerano ya Minimata kuri Merkuri . [[Dosiye:Rafael_Mariano_Grossi_visits_IPEN_CNEN_(01815140)_(51319433633).jpg|thumb|gusura Mariano IPEN]] Imiryango irenga 550 ifitiye inyungu rusange imiryango itegamiye kuri leta mu bihugu birenga 120 ikorera hamwe mu kurandura umwanda uburozi, ku buryo bwihuse ariko buringaniye. Ubu butumwa bukubiyemo kugera ku isi aho imiti yose ikorerwa kandi igakoreshwa mu buryo bukuraho ingaruka mbi ku buzima bw’abantu no ku bidukikije, kandi aho imyanda ihumanya ibidukikije (POPs) n’imiti ihangayikishijwe n’ibindi bitagihumanya ibidukikije byaho ndetse n’isi yose. <ref>{{Cite web |title=IPEN |url=https://ipen.org/about-ipen |access-date=15 November 2019 |archive-date=30 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230430181802/https://ipen.org/about-ipen |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Reba kandi == * [[Ikigo Gishinzwe Amategeko Mpuzamahanga Arengera Ibidukikije|Ikigo cy’amategeko mpuzamahanga y’ibidukikije]] (CIEL) * POP Porotokole Yangiza Umwuka * Amasezerano y'i Stockholm * Amasezerano ya Minamata kuri Mercure * Amasezerano ya Basel * Amasezerano ya Rotterdam == Inyandiko == {{Reflist}} == Ihuza ryo hanze == * [http://www.ipen.org/ Urubuga rwa IPEN] rz06haxmufsmj5fpn4ux7blsf8htgl4 0 13977 133367 126831 2026-06-28T09:51:03Z InternetArchiveBot 9716 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 133367 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Fruit bowl.jpg|thumb|Imbuto zizera|234x234px]] [[Dosiye:ガマズミ1006 Viburnum dilatatum.JPG|left|thumb|355x355px|Imbuto]] Ibiti By’imbuto Ziribwa Byitezweho Umusaruro W’inyabutatu mu [[Akarere ka Gisagara|karere ka Gisagara]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |url=https://panorama.rw/gisagara-ibiti-byimbuto-ziribwa-byitezweho-umusaruro-winyabutatu/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-02-20 |archive-date=2023-02-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230220220734/https://panorama.rw/gisagara-ibiti-byimbuto-ziribwa-byitezweho-umusaruro-winyabutatu/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://ar.umuseke.rw/gisagara-waruvumu-na-rumana-ibiti-ndangamateka-ntakorwaho.hmtl |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-02-20 |archive-date=2023-02-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230220212230/https://ar.umuseke.rw/gisagara-waruvumu-na-rumana-ibiti-ndangamateka-ntakorwaho.hmtl |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/amakuru/amakuru-mu-rwanda/article/gisagara-abasaga-80-bangirijwe-n-umuhanda-muri-2016-ntibarishyurwa</ref><ref>https://igihe.com/amakuru/u-rwanda/article/gisagara-igendwa-gahunda-yitezweho-iterambere-rirambye</ref><ref>https://www.igihe.com/amakuru/u-rwanda/article/gisagara-ibiza-byishe-abantu-babiri-bisenya-n-inzu-299-mu-mezi-arindwi</ref> == Uko byatangiye == Ababyeyi bamwe, abarezi n’abana bo muri Groupe Scolaire Ndora iherereye mu murenge wa Ndora, mu karere ka Gisagara, bavuga ko ibiti by’imbuto ziribwa baterewe bigiye gutangira gutanga umusaruro. Ku wa 7 Ugushyingo 2022, ubwo iki kigo cy’[[Amashuri Makuru|amashuri]] cyasurwaga n’itsinda ry’abayobozi baturutse mu ntara Rhineland Palatinate yo mu [[Ubudage|Budage]] mu karere ka Hatchenburg. Aba bayobozi na bo ndetse n’abandi bagize uruhare mu gutera muri iri shuri ibiti by’imbuto ziribwa.<ref name=":0" /> [[Dosiye:Persea_americana_fruit_2.JPG|thumb|avoka |302x302px]] [[Dosiye:SPIDER WEB IN AVOCADO TREE.jpg|thumb|Ibiti by'atewe harimo avoka|137x137px]] == ibiti by’imbuto ziribwa == Ibi biti byatwe ku ishuri ndetse ibindi bikorezwa guterwa mu ngo, byitezweho umusaruro ukomeye cyane urimo kurwanya imirire mibi, kwinjiza amafaranga ndetse no guhangana n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere. Bavuga ko izi mbuto zizaba ingirakamaro ku bana babo, zikunganirira ifunguro bafatira ku ishuri no mu ngo, bagakomeza kurya neza indyo yuzuye.<ref name=":0" /> == Umumaro == Bavuga ko ibi biti byera imbuto ziribwa bizabafasha kubaho neza, bakarushaho kwiga neza bagatsinda bishimishije. Imbuto ni nziza mu buzima, ntiwaba wafashe [[urubuto]] ngo ugire ubuzima bubi. Nagiri inama bagenzi banjye kwihatira kuzitaho, bazivomera uko bikwiye, bakanazisasira.Ibi biti byitezweho kunganira ishuri mu kugaburira abana indyo yuzuye ifite intungamubiri zihagije. Ikigo cyongere gushishikariza abana kwita kuri biriya biti, birinda kubinyukanyuka, nibyera bizatuma abana bazishima kuko bazabisarura baranagize uruhare mu kubibungabunga.<ref name=":0" /> == Umubare w'ibiti by'atewe == Muri iki kigo hatewe ibiti 2000 harimo 1200 biribwa na 800 byo kurengera ibidukikije hiyongereyeho ibyahawe abana bo mu myaka 1,2 n’uwa 3 y’amashuri abanza bagiye gutera mu ngo iwabo. Mu mirima yacyo iri hanze hatewe ibiti by’[[avoka]], imyembe n’amacunga bikaba bimaze imyaka ibiri ibiri bitewe. Ibyiganjemo imyembe byatagangiye kuzana uruyange, bikaba bigiye gutangira gutanga [[Dosiye:Ikinyomoro-Treetomato.jpg|thumb|Ikinyomoro-Treetomato|136x136px]] umusaruro.<ref name=":0" /> [[Dosiye:Apple_Guava.jpg|thumb|amapera |147x147px]] [[Dosiye:Psidium_guajava_L._(51008429408).jpg|thumb|amapera |147x147px]] [[Dosiye:Mango_tree_with_fruit_in_Rincón,_Puerto_Rico.jpg|thumb|umwembe|146x146px]] == Amashakiro == [[Ikiciro:Ibidukikije]] [[Ikiciro:Ibiti]] 7ngd59tfspwqc0ony0660lnpsy4ln0a 0 13979 133349 121441 2026-06-28T07:36:23Z InternetArchiveBot 9716 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 133349 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Department of Children Head Office Ghana.jpg|thumb|Akarere ka Gisagara|146x146px]] [[Dosiye:Image culture.jpg|thumb|ifoto yikibumbano muri gisagara|172x172px]] [[Dosiye:Girl of the Welayta people.jpg|left|thumb|205x205px|Umunyagisagara kazi]] == Intangiriro == Gisagara Igendwa, ni gahunda y'umuryango ugamije gufasha abantu guhinduka no guhindura aho bari (Moucecore), bavuga ko gahunda y’ubukerarugendo busigasira umuco n’'''[[ibidukikije]]''' hagamijwe iterambere rirambye ari nk’ikirombe cya zahabu, ikaba yitezweho kuzamura iterambere ry’abatuye [[Akarere ka Gisagara]].<ref name=":0">https://igihe.com/amakuru/u-rwanda/article/gisagara-igendwa-gahunda-yitezweho-iterambere-rirambye</ref><ref name=":1">https://www.igihe.com/amakuru/u-rwanda/article/gisagara-ibiza-byishe-abantu-babiri-bisenya-n-inzu-299-mu-mezi-arindwi</ref><ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/amakuru/amakuru-mu-rwanda/article/gisagara-abasaga-80-bangirijwe-n-umuhanda-muri-2016-ntibarishyurwa</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://panorama.rw/gisagara-ibiti-byimbuto-ziribwa-byitezweho-umusaruro-winyabutatu/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-02-20 |archive-date=2023-02-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230220220734/https://panorama.rw/gisagara-ibiti-byimbuto-ziribwa-byitezweho-umusaruro-winyabutatu/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[Dosiye:Inyubako mu Kinindo mu gisagara ca Bujumbura.jpg|thumb|i Gisagara|135x135px]] [[Dosiye:Road from bugesera to kicukiro under construction.jpg|thumb|I mihanda mu karere ka Gisagara|137x137px]] == Gisagara Igendwa == Iyo gahunda Akarere ka Gisagara gahuriyeho n’abafatanyabikorwa batandukanye igamije kumenyekanisha uduce tw’amateka n’ahantu nyaburanga hashobora gukurura ba mukerarugendo nko mu Twicarabami twa Nyaruteja, Mu Mukindo wa Makwaza, ku Byuzi bya Rwabisemanyi n’ahandi. Mu gutangiza iyo gahunda ku wa 25 Werurwe 2022, haherewe ku marushanwa yo gusiganwa ku maguru yahuje urubyiruko yitiriwe ‘Umuhigo wa Ruganzu’. Hatewe n’ibiti harimbishwa ibice by’Akarere ka Gisagara, hagaragazwa n’ahantu hazitabwaho mu bukerarugendo.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> [[Dosiye:Gold nugget (placer gold) 1 (17001285916).jpg|thumb|Zahabu igisagara|141x141px]] == Zahabu i Gisagara == umuntu uvuka mu [[Akarere ka Gisagara|Karere ka Gisagara]] ayibonamo ubukungu bwinshi. Hari igihe ushobora kuba wicaye ku kirombe cya zahabu ukaba utaratangira gucukura, ubu rero tugiye gucukura kuko dufite ibirombe bikomeye cyane. Hari ibyo dufite byacu cyane cyane nk’umukino wa Volleyball twifuza ko wabyazwa umusaruro mu buryo bufatika, Utwicarabami twa Nyaruteja ni ikirombe gikomeye kuko ni ahantu hagaragaza ubudasa bw’amasezerano y’amahoro yabaye mu kinyejana cya 16. Icyo gihe [[Umwami]] w’u [[Rwanda]] n’uw’u [[Uburundi|Burundi]] basinyanye amasezerano akomeye cyane kuko n’uyu munsi aracyavugwa.” Yavuze ko ibyo bisobanura ko dipolomasi y’u Rwanda yatangiye mu kinyejana cya 16 mbere y’uko abakoloni baza kandi ko abakurambere b’u Rwanda bari bazi kwishakamo ibisubizo. Ati “Ni byiza rero ko tubwira Isi yose y’uko mu Rwanda amasezerano y’amahoro ari umuco wacu.”<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://ar.umuseke.rw/gisagara-waruvumu-na-rumana-ibiti-ndangamateka-ntakorwaho.hmtl |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-02-20 |archive-date=2023-02-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230220212230/https://ar.umuseke.rw/gisagara-waruvumu-na-rumana-ibiti-ndangamateka-ntakorwaho.hmtl |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Amashakiro == [[Ikiciro:Ibidukikije]] [[Ikiciro:Ibiti]] [[Ikiciro:Imikino]] 9nh3u62yen907ef91flvctl96ijwzu3 0 14029 133366 127937 2026-06-28T09:51:00Z InternetArchiveBot 9716 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 133366 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Mango tree with fruit in Rincón, Puerto Rico.jpg|thumb|igiti cyumwembe|138x138px]] [[Dosiye:Mango 'Julie' Fruits.jpg|left|thumb|147x147px]] == Intangiriro == [[Dosiye:GREEN MANGO (6).jpg|thumb|imyembe|150x150px]] Abaturage baravuga ko bari gutema ibiti by'imyembe bitewe n’udukoko tw'utumumatirizi twatumye bidatanga umusaruro uretse guteza umwanda gusa. Bavuga ko hatagize igikorwa imyembe yaba amateka mur’iyi ntara. Nimugihe ikigo cy'igihugu gishinzwe ubuhinzi n'ubworozi (RAB) kigira inama abaturage yo kudatema ibyo biti kuko hari abakozi bacyo bari kuzenguruka igihugu bigisha abaturage uko babirinda utwo dukoko.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |url=https://www.isangostar.rw/iburasirazuba-udukoko-twateje-ikibazo-ibiti-byimyembe-hari-impungenge-ko-yaba-amateka |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-02-21 |archive-date=2023-02-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230221104532/https://www.isangostar.rw/iburasirazuba-udukoko-twateje-ikibazo-ibiti-byimyembe-hari-impungenge-ko-yaba-amateka |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=":1">https://bwiza.com/?Kayonza-Abaturage-bibasirwa-n-amapfa-barasaba-Leta-kubagezaho-uburyo-bwo-kuhira</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |url=https://umuseke.rw/2021/10/kayonza-hatangijwe-umushinga-wo-gutera-ibiti-byimbuto-ibihumbi-400-mu-kurwanya-inzara/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-02-21 |archive-date=2023-02-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230221104544/https://umuseke.rw/2021/10/kayonza-hatangijwe-umushinga-wo-gutera-ibiti-byimbuto-ibihumbi-400-mu-kurwanya-inzara/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[Dosiye:Mango_tree_in_the_house.jpg|thumb|igiti cy'imyembe |186x186px]] == Udukoko ibiti == [[Dosiye:Mangoes in an Indian farm.jpg|thumb|igiti cy'umwembe|140x140px]] Udukoko twayogoje ibiti by’imbuto tuzwi ku izina ry’umutaririzi dukomeje guhangayikisha abaturage bafite ibyo biti, cyane cyane imyembe. Abafite ibyamaze kurwara  utwo dukoko,bavuga ko mbere babonaga umusaruro mwinshi w’imbuto z’imyembe ariko ubu nta kizere bafite cyo kuzongera kuyirya.Abaturage bo mu turere twa Ngoma, Kirehe, Kayonza na Rwamagana babwiye Isango Star, ko hatagize igikorwa kur’iki kibazo imbuto z’imyembe zaba amateka mu ntara yabo kandi bari basanzwe bayeza.Umwe, yagize ati: ''“[imyembe] twarayezaga myinshi ariko ubu turi kubona biri guhinduka. Indwara y’ibiti niyo iri gutuma imyembe itaza. Ubu kurya imyembe ntabwo bizongera.''Undi ati: ''“ Habaga imyembe kuburyo abantu baryaga bose bagasagurira n’amasoko. Ubu imyembe yarapfuye kubera ubwo bukoko bavuga ngo ni ubumatirizo.''<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /> [[Dosiye:Mangos - single and halved.jpg|thumb|umwembe|151x151px]] == Imyembe == Ubusanzwe mu bice bitandukanye byo mu ntara y’Iburasirazuba hahoze ibiti byinshi by’imyembe ariko mur’iki gihe hari ubutayu, nk’uko bishimangirwa n’umuturage wo mu karere ka Ngoma, Umurenge wa Jarama.Ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe ibarurishamibare (NISR) kigaragaza ko umusaruro w’imbuto mu gihugu wagabanutse hagati ya 2019 na 2021. Mu gihembwe cy’ihinga A cya 2019, kuri hegitare hasaruwe ibiro 1 291, naho igihembwe cya B hasarurwa ibiro 1 111.Bigeze muri 2020, mu gihembwe cy’ihinga A, kuri hegitare hasaruwe ibiro 988, naho igihembwe B hasaruwe ibiro  1 068.Ni mu gihe mu 2021 mu gihembwe cy’ihinga A,hegitari yasaruweho ibiro 1 018, naho igihembwe B hasarurwaho ibiro 1 050. Ibi byerekana ko hatagize igikorwa, imbuto by’umwihariko imyembe yaba umugani mu bari basanzwe bayirya.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> == Amashakiro == [[Ikiciro:Ibidukikije]] [[Ikiciro:Ibiti]] awtsfnr7mi4ua8r4fpp0v9vcryg9i88 0 14033 133380 129108 2026-06-28T11:31:36Z InternetArchiveBot 9716 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 133380 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Rwanda rucyeye.jpg|thumb|Ikirere|135x135px]] [[Dosiye:Ikirere cyaburera.jpg|thumb|Ikirere cyaburera |139x139px]] == ikirere == == Ubusobanuro == Ijambo '''Ikirere''' mu kinyarwanda rihuza impuzanyito ni jambo "'''Ijuru'''" aribyo bizwi mu rurimi rw'icyongereza nka "'''[https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/atmosphere Atmosphere]'''" . Ikirere kandi ni ijambo rivugwa kimwe ni jambo ikirere risobanura urukoma rwumye ruva ku nsina zera ibitoki. Abanyarwanda kandi bakoresha ijambo Ikirere bashaka kuvuga imihindagurikire y'ibih, harimo imiterere yacyo igenda ihindagurika bitewe nuko ibihe by'umwaka bigenda bihinduka. '''urugero''': ibihe by'ubushyuhe, ubukonje, ibihe by'imvura nibihe by'imiyaga. == Ubushobozi == Imbaraga n’amikoro [[Abaturage Rusange|abaturage]] aba n’aba bafite cyangwa sosiyete iyi n’iyi ifite cyangwa umuryango uyu n’uyu ufite bishobora gukoreshwa mu kugabanya ingaruka z’imihindagurikire y’ikirere. Mu bushobozi hashobora kuba harimo uburyo bufatika, urwego uru n’uru, uburyo bw’imibereho y’abaturage cyangwa uburyo bw’ubukungu ndetse n’abantu bafite ubumenyi cyangwa se bafite ibintu ibi n’ibi byihariye muri byo tukaba twavuga uburyo bw’ubuyobozi n’imicungire. Ubushobozi bushobora no kuba imbaraga.<ref name=":0">https://www.bbc.com/gahuza/topics/cqywjygvpy6t</ref><ref name=":1">https://igihe.com/amakuru/u-rwanda/article/ab-i-kayonza-batangiye-gutererwa-ibiti-by-imbuto-mu-mirima-mu-guhangana-n</ref> [[Dosiye:Air pollution3.jpg|thumb|Imyuka yoherezwa mu kirere igira uruhare mukwangira ikirere dutuyemo|161x161px]] [[File:Blue sky 7.jpg|thumb|Blue sky 7|121x121px]] == '''Imihindagurikire y’ikirere''' == [[Dosiye:Air Pollution 120.jpg|thumb|Ikirere cyahumanye|141x141px]] Uburyo ubushyuhe bwo ku isi bigenda bwiyongera bitewe n’imyuka yoherezwa mu kirere ikacyangiza. Muri iyo myuka twavuga diyogiside ya karuboni na metani. Iri jambo rikunda gukoreshwa bashaka kugaragaza impinduka ziza nyuma y’igihe kirekire muri izo mpinduka kakaba harimo ubwiyongere bw’imiyaga n’ubw’ubushyuhe bw’inyanja ndetse no kuzamuka kw’amazi y’[[inyanja]].<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> [[Dosiye:Ikirere kirahindutse.jpg|thumb|Imihindagurikire y'ikirere mu Rwanda|144x144px]] == Ihinduka ry’ibihe == Ibihe bidasanzwe byigaragaza muri byo tukaba twavuga imiyaga ya El Niño na La Nina iva mu majyepfo (itera amapfa mu [[Rwanda]]). Nubwo hari ibigaragazako ihinduka ry’ibihe rizarushaho kwiyongera bitewe n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere, haracyariko gushindikanya cyane. Gukora ikintu gishya cyangwa gitandukanye n’icyo wowe ubwawe cyangwa abo mu gace utuyemo mwakoze mu bihe byashize kugira ngo muhangane n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://panorama.rw/dusobanukirwe-nimihindagurikire-yikirere/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-02-21 |archive-date=2023-02-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230221114220/https://panorama.rw/dusobanukirwe-nimihindagurikire-yikirere/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Amashakiro == [[Ikiciro:Ibidukikije]] [[Ikiciro:Ibiti]] [[Ikiciro:Ikirere]] gbm9rhisihkv28v0nonii1z6w9ghxtc 0 14036 133376 116288 2026-06-28T10:59:32Z InternetArchiveBot 9716 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 133376 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Falling rain in mexico.jpg|thumb|Imvura nyinshi|157x157px]] [[Dosiye:Thunder lightning Garajau Madeira 289985700.jpg|thumb|iteganyagihe|141x141px]] [[Dosiye:Abantu.jpg|left|thumb|148x148px|imvura]] == Intangiriro == Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe iteganyagihe (Meteo Rwanda) cyatangaje ko mu [[Rwanda]] hateganyijwe ibihe by’imvura nyinshi hagati ya tariki 10 n’iya 20 Ugushyingo 2022, ishobora kuzatera kwangirika kw’ibikorwaremezo bitabungabunzwe neza.<ref>[https://umuryango.rw/ad-restricted/article/ikigo-cy-igihugu-gishinzwe-iteganyagihe-cyaburiye-abaturwarwanda-ku-mvura#! https://umuryango.rw/ad-restricted/article/ikigo-cy-igihugu-gishinzwe-iteganyagihe-cyaburiye-abaturwarwanda-ku-mvura#!]</ref><ref>https://www.isangostar.rw/meteo-rwanda-yatangaje-ko-igihembwe-cyumuhindo-kizarangwa-nimvura-nke</ref> == Imvura == [[Dosiye:Izuba iyo riserutse.jpg|thumb|Izuba igihe rirengera|139x139px]] ikigo cy'Igihugu gishinzwe iteganyagihe (Meteo Rwanda), iki kigo kivuga ko [[imvura]] nyinshi iteganyijwe mu [[Intara y’Amajyaruguru y’u Rwanda|ntara y’Amajyaruguru]], [[Intara y'Uburengerazuba|Iburengerazuba]] n’[[Intara y'amajyepfo|Amajyepfo]] ukuyemo agace k’Amayaga. Inateganyijwe kandi mu Ntara y’Iburasirazuba n’[[Umujyi wa Kigali]], aho bizaterwa ahanini n’isangano ry’imiyaga ihehereye ituruka mu Nyanja ngari ya Atlantique n’iy’u [[Ubuhinde|Buhinde]].<ref>https://igihe.com/amakuru/u-rwanda/article/meteo-rwanda-yagaragaje-iteganyagihe-ry-imvura-izagwa-mu-gihe-cy-umuhindo</ref><ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/amakuru/amakuru-mu-rwanda/article/iyi-mvura-izakomeza-kugwa-kugeza-mu-kwezi-kwa-gatandatu-meteo-rwanda</ref> == Ibipimo == ikigo cy'Igihugu gishinzwe iteganyagihe kivugako Iyi mvura nyinshi iteganyijwe iri hagati ya milimetero 80 na 240 mu minsi 10. Meteo Rwanda, yavuze ko imvura nyinshi iteganyijwe izagira ingaruka zirimo; imyuzure hafi y’imigezi n’ibishanga, inkangu ahantu hatarwanyijwe isuri.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://panorama.rw/hateganyijwe-imvura-nke-mu-mezi-ya-nzeri-nukuboza-meteo-rwanda/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-02-21 |archive-date=2023-02-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230221122205/https://panorama.rw/hateganyijwe-imvura-nke-mu-mezi-ya-nzeri-nukuboza-meteo-rwanda/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://www.rba.co.rw/post/METEO-Rwanda-irateguza-abaturage-ko-imvura-yitumba-izagwa-mu-mezi-3</ref> == Ibinyabiziga == [[Dosiye:Purple rain on roof.jpg|thumb|161x161px|Imvura]] ikigo cy'Igihugu gishinzwe iteganyagihe kivugako imvura Izatera kandi kutareba neza imbere ku batwaye ibinyabiziga, bikaba bishobora guteza impanuka. Hari ingaruka ziterwa n’umuvuduko mwinshi w’imivu y’amazi no kwangirika kw’ibikorwaremezo bitabungabunzwe neza n’ibindi.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20230221122205/http://www.rebero.co.rw/2022/02/18/iteganyagihe-ryigihembwe-cyitumba-werurwe-mata-gicurasi-2022/</ref><ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CToBgKquDto</ref> == Amashakiro == [[Ikiciro:Ibidukikije]] [[Ikiciro:Ibiti]] [[Ikiciro:Ikirere]] [[Ikiciro:Imvura]] 675dsfv6nh03uear521mjlfjhzt69fy 0 14304 133348 114205 2026-06-28T07:26:32Z InternetArchiveBot 9716 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 133348 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:2016 Grevillia (31385530231).jpg|thumb|382x382px|Igiti cya gereveriya]] == Ubusobanuro == [[Dosiye:Grevillea_robusta_inflorescences_7th_Brigade_Park_Chermside_L1150207.jpg|thumb|Grevillea]] '''Gereveriya''' ni igiti bishimira kuko kitona kandi gitanga igicucu mu murima imyaka ikera neza, Ibi biti biterwa kubutaka butandukanye, ahari izubaryishi, haba gukora cyangwa gutera amashyamba cyangwa no kubungabunga urusobe rw'ibinyabuzima mu gice cy'Amayaga,<ref>https://igihe.com/amakuru/u-rwanda/article/ruhango-hamaze-guterwa-ibiti-by-imbuto-ziribwa-ibihumbi-11-mu-mushinga-wo</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.isangostar.rw/amajyepfo |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-02-25 |archive-date=2023-02-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230225162836/https://www.isangostar.rw/amajyepfo |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/ibidukikije/ibimera/Minisitiri-Kamanzi-arasaba-Abanyagicumbi-gutera-ibiti-birwanya-isuri</ref><ref>https://muhaziyacu.rw/amakuru/bugesera-uko-kubungabunga-amashyamba-byabaye-igisubizo-cyabahinzi/</ref><ref>https://www.accessagriculture.org/node/21351</ref> === Gereveriya === gereveriya iterwa m'umirima y’abaturage yose, aho iterwa nki ibiti bivangwa n’imyaka, ndetse igafasha mu kuyitera mu mirwanyasuri kandi Ibi biti birafasha kugirango imirima indateguka.<ref>https://mobile.igihe.com/amakuru/u-rwanda/article/abadipolomate-bakorera-mu-rwanda-bifatanyije-n-abaturage-ba-kamonyi-gutera</ref><ref>https://igihe.com/amakuru/u-rwanda/article/ibyo-wamenya-ku-mushinga-washowemo-miliyari-32-frw-uzafasha-gukumira-ubutayu-ku</ref> [[Dosiye:Grevillea_robusta_flowering_in_Gan_Shmuel01.jpg|thumb|Grevillea ]] [[Dosiye:Grevillea_robusta_flowering_in_Gan_Shmuel01.jpg|thumb|Grevillea robusta flowering in Gan Shmuel01]] [[Dosiye:Ficus_on_silver_oak_IMG_2055.jpg|thumb|Gereveriya]] [[Dosiye:Grevillea_robusta_inflorescences_7th_Brigade_Park_Chermside_L1150210.jpg|thumb|Grevillea ]] [[Dosiye:Starr-040607-9001-Grevillea_robusta-plant-Moaulanui-Kahoolawe_(24617954111).jpg|thumb|Grevillea ]] == Amashakiro == [[Ikiciro:Ibidukikije]] [[Ikiciro:Ibiti]] kikunkojtjcuuukewt6ryv6sfbzy3ej 0 14320 133342 92105 2026-06-28T06:46:46Z InternetArchiveBot 9716 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 133342 wikitext text/x-wiki == GOLIATH HERON == [[Dosiye:Ardea goliath -Lake Baringo, Kenya-8.jpg|thumb]] iyi n'inyoni yitiranwa n'igihangange Goliyati izwi kw'izina rya Goliath Heron, n'inyoni nini cyane yo mubwoko bwa Heron, ibone muri afrika yo munsi y'ubutayu bwa sahara,hamwe n'umubare muto uboneka mu majyepfo [[Dosiye:Goliath Heron (Ardea goliath) (6011656959).jpg|thumb|KAGOMA]] y'ubungerazuba bwa aziya y'Epfo.[https://www.oiseaux.net/birds/goliath.heron.html][https://web.archive.org/web/20131210223741/http://avis.indianbiodiversity.org/ciconiiformes-ardeidae-bitterns-herons-and-egrets/goliath-heron-ardea-goliath.html] == Imiterere == Uburebure bwayo ni (120-152 cm (3 ft 11in 5 ft 0 ) amababa yayo ni (185-230cm( 6 ft 7 ) uburemere ni 4-5 kg mu kuguruka Goliath ifite isura ikanganye kandi itandukanye nizindi Heron. [https://animaldiversity.org/site/accounts/information/Ardea%20goliath.html] ikaba ifite amaguru adafashe neza , igitsina gabo ndetse n igitsina gore birasa, byose bitwikiriye amababa y'umukara. umutwe n'igitereko cyayo, isura umugongo, impande z'ijosi. Goliath kandi ifite urusaku rurerure rwunvikanira hafi muri 2km, ifite ijwi rikarishye cyane kandi rirerire mugihe cyo kokoroka gihura cyane cyane nigihe cy'imvura nko mugushyingo kugeza muri werurwe.[https://web.archive.org/web/20230226013132/https://www.heronconservation.org/herons-of-the-world/list-of-herons/goliath-heron/] [https://www.oiseaux-birds.com/card-goliath-heron.html] [https://birdsoftheworld.org/bow/species/golher1/cur/introduction] sp5lgdhp5r4jh37o5o8uj06wsyja4qz 0 14347 133384 111397 2026-06-28T11:51:24Z InternetArchiveBot 9716 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 133384 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Amaranthus cruentus 'Azhurnyi' kz03.jpg|thumb|Imbija]] == '''IRIBURIRO''' == [[Dosiye:Amaranthus cruentus 'Azhurnyi' kz02.jpg|left|thumb]] Imbwija ni zimwe mu mboga z’amababi  zeramuri Afurika, zagaragaje ko ziri mu musaruro w’ibihingwa utanga ikizere bitewe n’uko zihanganira ubushyuhe, amapfa, indwara n’ibyonnyi, urugero runini rw’intungamubiri zigira haba mu mbuto ndetse no mu mababi (Onyango, 2003).<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |url=https://umutihealth.com/akamaro-ko-kurya-imbwija/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-02-26 |archive-date=2023-02-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230226161650/https://umutihealth.com/akamaro-ko-kurya-imbwija/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=":1">https://umuryango.rw/ad-restricted/article/reba-akamaro-gakomeye-utari-uzi-ku-buzima-bwawe-no-ku-ruhu-ko-kurya-imboga-za</ref> [[Dosiye:Amaranthus cruentus Szarłat wiechowaty 2017-10-15 03.jpg|thumb|imboga]] [[Dosiye:Salad greens and vegetables - Cambridge, MA.jpg|thumb|334x334px|imbwijaaa]] Amababi n’amashami biraryohera, ni isoko nziza y’ubutare (38.5mg/100g), kalisiyumu (350-400mg/100g), vitamini-A na C. Umunyu wa oxalate ku rugero rwo hejuru (1-2%) na nitarate (1.8-8.8g/kg iyo byumye) biboneka mu mababi y’amoko atandukanye y’imbwija (Gopalakrishnan, 2007).<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> Imbwija ziboneka mu gice kinini hagati y’imirongo mbariro toropike zombi no munsi yazo. Imbwija ni igihingwa kigira amababi yo mu bihe by’ubushyuhe, kibereye ibihe ikirere gishyushye kirimo ubuhehere bwinshi.Imbwija zihingwa igihe cyose cy’umwaka hagati ya za toropike. Imbwija zitukura zikenera urumuri rw’izuba ruhagije kugira ngo ibara ritukura riboneke. Ubwoko busarurwaho imbuto, ''A. caudatus, A. cruentus, A. edulis'' bwera neza mu gihe igihe cy’amanywa kiba kigufi naho ubwoko ''A. hypochondriacus'' bukaba ari imberabyombi.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> [[Dosiye:Kwikorera mwibase.jpg|thumb|Imbwija ni ubwoko bw'imboga rwatsi]] === '''Amoko y’imbwija''' === Ukeneye guhinga imbwija zisarurwaho imbuto, dore amwe mu moko yazo: ''Amaranthus caudatus Amaranthus cruentus, Amaranthus hypochondriacus , Amaranthus retroflexus.'' Ushaka guhinga imbwija zisarurwa amababi, dore bumwe mu bwoko bwiza: ''Amaranthus cruentus,  Amaranthus blitum, Amaranthus dubius, Amarantus hypocondriacus                          Amaranthus retroflexus, Amarantus blitum na Amaranthus Dubius.''<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |url=http://www.ehinga.org/kin/crops/amaranth |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-02-26 |archive-date=2023-02-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230226161645/http://www.ehinga.org/kin/crops/amaranth |url-status=dead }}</ref> === Ubuhumbikiro === Ubutaka bubanza guhingwa neza bukaringanizwa. Bashyirwamo ifumbire y’imborera iboze neza iseye ikanoga neza. Ishyirwa mu murima ku rugero rwa Toni 20-25 /ha mu gihe cyo kuringaniza umurima bwa nyuma.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9LwZS6iq_SE</ref><ref name=":2" /> === Gutera ingemwe z’imbwija === Hakenewe imbuto zingana na 0.5 kg kuri ha (5g kuri 1 are). Imbuto zigomba guturuka ku bimera bifite ubuzima bwiza cyangwa mu bigo bizwi kandi byemewe.Mu buryo bwo gutera ako kanya mu murima, ubutaka bwo guteraho bugomba kuba bwigiye hejuru, imirongo yo guteramo ikaba icishijwe agati kugeza kuri cm 0.5 z’ubujyakuzimu. Kuko imbuto z’imbwija ziba ari nto cyane zivangwa n’umucanga useye neza bikanyanyagizwa ku rugero rumwe mu mirongo itandukanyijwe na cm 40. Imbuto mu mirongo zitwikirizwa n’agacanga cyangwa agataka gake, hanyuma bagasasira imitabo iyo isaso ihari. Hakurikiraho kuhira udasiba.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9LwZS6iq_SE</ref> Mu buryo bwo gutera ingemwe, hagati y’iminsi 22-25 zishyizwe mu buhumbikiro, ingemwe zirabyarurwa zigaterwa ku mirongo itandukanyijwe na cm 40 x 30.<ref name=":3">https://murukali.com/products/amarath-green-imbwija</ref> [[Dosiye:Green Leafy Vegetables.jpg|thumb|imboga rwatsi]] === Kwita ku gihingwa cy'imboga === === '''Gukoresha ifumbire y’imborera n’imvaruganda''' === Imbwija zikenera ifumbire nyinshi ariko zigatanga umusaruro mwinshi cyane. Uretse Toni 20-25 z’ifumbire y’imborera, kg 120:50:50 za NPK kuri hegitari imwe zirakenewe. Mu gihe cyo gutera ingemwe hashyirwamo kg 33/ha, hagashyirwamo kg 33/ha nyuma y’ibyumweru bine ingemwe zitewe na kg 86/ha nyuma y’ibyumweru umunani ingemwe zitewe.<ref name=":4">https://intambwenews.com/category/ubuzima/</ref><ref name=":2" /> === Indwara n’uburyo bwo kurwanya udukoko ku mboga === [[Dosiye:Rau - Vegetables.jpg|thumb|imbwija nizindi mboga]] Amababi asa n’ayababutse (''Rhizoctonia'' sp.) n’umugese w’umweru ni zo ndwara z’ingenzi zibasira ubuhinzi bw’imbwija. Amababi asa n’ayababutse ni yo ifata cyane imbwija mu gihe cy’imvura, iyo hari ubushyuhe n’ubuhehere bwinshi. Mu bimenyetso byayo harimo utudomo tw’umweru tugenda tugaragara ku mababi bituma umusaruro utagurwa ku isoko.<ref name=":5">https://www.kigalitoday.com/ubukungu/iterambere/article/gashora-bamaze-kwiteza-imbere-babikesha-imboga-zikurwamo-ifu</ref><ref name=":3" /> ==== '''Uko bayirwanya:''' ==== * Gutera imbuto z’imbwija z’icyatsi z’ubwoko bwihangana mu gihe cy’imvura. * Kwirinda kuhira umisha amazi ku mababi; * Gutera umuti wa mancozeb ku rugero rwa g 4 g/l y’amaganga y’inka. Uterwa rimwe mu cyumweru ukabihagarika hasigaye iminsi 14 no usarure kugirango ugabanye ingaruka ziterwa n’imiti isigara ku bihingwa/umusaruro.<ref name=":6">https://bwiza.com/?Amarante-ibyo-kurya-byiza-cyane-ku-bana-AMARANTE-GRAINE</ref><ref name=":5" /><ref name=":4" /> === Gusarura imbwija === Imbwija zisarurwa amababi barazirandura cyangwa bagakata amababi. Iyo hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo kurandura, imbuto zikuze zisoromwa ku minsi 30, 45 na 55 nyuma yo gutera. Zigifite imizi yazo zirozwa zikoherezwa ku isoko zifunze mu mifungo mito mito. Naho imbwija zisarurwaho imbuto zo zisarurwa iyo amababi hafi ya yose yahindutse umuhondo,amahundo yahindutse ikigina naho Imbuto zahindutse umukara.Amahundo amaze gukatwa ategereza ku mbuga kugira ngo yume. Iyo amaze kuma ahurwa hakoreshejwe ikibando kugira ngo imbuto zivemo. Hanyuma imbuto ziragosorwa umwanda ugashiramo.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":7">{{Cite web |url=https://www.isangostar.rw/huye-ubuyobozi-burasaba-abakirisitu-gukora-ivugabutumwa-rishingiye-ku-bikorwa |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-02-26 |archive-date=2023-02-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230226161647/https://www.isangostar.rw/huye-ubuyobozi-burasaba-abakirisitu-gukora-ivugabutumwa-rishingiye-ku-bikorwa |url-status=dead }}</ref> === Kwita ku musaruro no guhunika imbwija === Imbwija ni imboga zangirika ubusa, zikaba zisaba kwitonderwa kugira ngo zidatakaza ubwiza bwazo n’intungamubiri. Gutakaza ubwiza bw’imbwija nyuma yo gusarurwa bigaragarira kuri ibi bikurikira: * Guhinduka umuhondo kubera gutakaza ubushobozi bwo gukora ibara ry’icyatsi kibisi ( Chlorophyll); * Kuraba no gutakaza ireme; * Kubora. Nyuma yo gusarurwa, imbwija zibikwa mu mufuka kan<ref name=":4" />di zikagurishwa uwo munsi kugira ngo wirinde ko zatakaza ubwiza bwazo.  Igihe bishoboka ko zabikwa mu byuma bikonjesha byazifasha kugumana ubwiza bwazo.<ref name=":3" /> Iyo imbwija zisarurwaho imbuto zimaze gusarurwa, ni ngombwa kuzanika zikuma neza mbere yo kuzibika, naho ubundi zazana uruhumbu. Zanikwa ku nkoko ku zuba cyangwa mu nzu hafi y’isoko y’uushyuhe. Genda uzikorakora kenshi kugeza zumye neza. Zibike ahantu hatinjira umwuka, hafutse kandi humutse mu gihe cy’amezi 6.<ref>https://www.rwandamagazine.com/ubuzima/article/ibyo-kurya-7-byagufasha-kongera-amaraso</ref><ref name=":5" /><ref name=":6" /><ref name=":7" /> === Amashakiro === [[Ikiciro:Ibidukikije]] [[Ikiciro:Ibiti]] [[Ikiciro:Imboga]] 4dyowmbkrsjptiyj9hxboe4n5p1uqsb 0 14391 133377 121522 2026-06-28T11:14:08Z InternetArchiveBot 9716 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 133377 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Curcuma longa (Haldi) W IMG 2440.jpg|thumb|Turmeric cyangwa Ikinzari|160x160px]] [[Dosiye:Turmeric (Haldi) 03.jpg|left|thumb]] Ikinzari cyangwa Turmeric ni [[ikimera]] kiri mu muryango Zingiberaceae ni [[ikimera]] kitarigishya kuko kimaze imyaka irenga 2000 gihingwa, uburebure bwacyo bujya gukabakaba metero, Ifu iva mumizi yacyo ikunzwe gukoreshwa cyane nk’ ikirungo. Igira ibara ry’ umuhondo ujya kuba nk’ icunga ( orange). N’ [[ikimera]] gikomoka mubuhinde no muri Asia y’ amajyepfo y’ iburasirazuba. Kuri ubu kikaba gikoreshwa mubihugu byose ku isi.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://umutihealth.com/icyinzari/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-02-27 |archive-date=2023-02-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227151600/https://umutihealth.com/icyinzari/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=":0">https://web.archive.org/web/20230227151600/http://www.agakiza.rw/Menya-byinshi-ku-icyinzari-ikirungo-kivura-indwara-nyinshi.html</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.ubuzimainfo.rw/2022/02/akamaro-kicyinzari.html |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-02-27 |archive-date=2023-02-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227151601/https://www.ubuzimainfo.rw/2022/02/akamaro-kicyinzari.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[Dosiye:Curcuma longa - Köhler–s Medizinal-Pflanzen-199.jpg|thumb|Ikinzari|206x206px]] == AKAMARO KA TURIMERIC KUBUZIMA BWACU. == ● Itera Umwijima kumererwa neza ● Irwanya ibibazo by' Umutima: ubushakashatsi bwakozwe bwerekanyeko itera imikorere myiza uduce duto two mumutima imbere no mumitsi ijyana amaraso (endothelial), tugira uruhare mukurwanya umuvuduko w' amaraso, no kwangirika kw' umutima. ● Ni anti- inflamatoire. Kubwibyo bituma iba nziza kubibazo bitandukanye cyane nka rubagimpande na arthritis. ● Ni carminative, ninziza kukubyimbura, colic, no gusohora icyuka cyo mumara. ● Irwanya mikorobi, ubwandu cyangwa ama infection, kandi ikaba nziza mukongera ubudahangarwa bw’ umubiri. ● Ni nziza kundwara z’ igifu nka dyspepsia, igogora ritinda kunoza ibyokurya , gastrite chronique, kubura kw’ ipfa ry’ ibyo kurya… ●Ifasha muguhangana n’ indwara zibasira imyanya y’ ubuhumekero nka bronchite, inkorora, asthma… ● Ikangura imikorere y’ [[ubwonko]] kandi igafasha mukugabanya umunaniro no guhangayika , ● ikanarinda indwara ya Alzheimer kubageze muzabukuru n’ izindi Ifite ubushobozi bwogushyira kurigahunda imihango y' abakobwa no kuburizamo ibindi bibazo bijyanye nayo. ● Irinda gusazira imburagihe Ifasha mugusohora urugimbu rubi mumubiri no kurwanya indwara z’ umutima Indwanya indwara z’ uruhu nka psoriasis, eczema, ibiheri byo mumaso… [[Dosiye:Curcuma longa (Haldi) W2 IMG 2440.jpg|thumb|ikinzari|210x210px]] ● Ikomeza imikaya (ligaments) Isukura amaraso Igabanya umubyibuho ukabije Igabanya ingaruka z’ imiti y’ ubutabire ( chemotherapy) Irwanya cancer ( y’ amabere, prostate, y’ uruhu, y ‘ iherezo ry’ amara, iyo mumatembabuzi, n’ iya maraso) Nibyiza kuvanga Turmeric na Black pepper izwi ku izina rya Pilipilimanga, kuko bituma curcumin iboneka muri Turmeric ikwirakwizwa neza mumubiri, ibyo bikayiha ubushobozi bwayo mu mubiri.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.thechoicelive.com/sobanukirwa-byinshi-byagufasha-kurinda-ibihaha-no-gutuma-bikora-neza |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-02-27 |archive-date=2023-02-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227151559/https://www.thechoicelive.com/sobanukirwa-byinshi-byagufasha-kurinda-ibihaha-no-gutuma-bikora-neza |url-status=dead }}</ref> === UKO IKORESHWA === * Utuyiko 2 duto muri litiro 1 y’ amazi ashyushye. Tegereza iminota 10, ubone kuyungurura, unywe amatasi 3 kumunsi * Kuyishyira mubyokurya, mugikoma, …ukoresheje akayiko gato katuzuye neza * Kubibazo by’ uruhu ikoreshwa uyisize uvanze n’ amazi * Kuvura ibiheri byo mu maso:3 ibiyiko by’ ifu ya turmeric-- 3 ibiyiko by’ [[ubuki]] 1 ikiyiko cya vinaigre ya pomme ½ cy’ [[indimu]] Bivange neza usige mu maso bimareho igice cy’ isaha.<ref>https://yegob.rw/ibyagufasha-gucyesha-mu-kwaha-hawe-hahindutse-umukara/</ref> [[Dosiye:Turmeric plants image.jpg|thumb|218x218px|Umurima uhinzemo ibinzani]] === Ibindi === 1. Turmeric ntangaruka mbi itera umubiri iyo ikoreshejwe neza kurugero rukwiriye. Iyo urengeje urugero ushobora kugira bimwe mubibazo bikurikira:Gukora nabi kw' igogora.--Iseseme Diarrhe Isereri 2. Sibyiza kuyikoresha igihe kirenze amezi 2 cyangwa 3, ujye usimbuka andi mezi 2 mbere yuko wongera kuyikoresha. 3. '''Utwite:''' kuyikoresha nk' ikirungo mubyokurya ntacyitwaye, ariko kuyikoresha kurugero rurihejuru ( nk' umuti) ntabwo byemewe.<ref name=":0" /> === Amashakiro === [[Ikiciro:Ibidukikije]] [[Ikiciro:Ibiti]] [[Ikiciro:Ibimera]] 9kykdvh3ll5yq4pymrqfbrfok3mko7i 0 14392 133374 127948 2026-06-28T10:38:14Z InternetArchiveBot 9716 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 133374 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:BSK COFFE CUP087 (32118436793).jpg|thumb|193x193px|ikawa iri mucyayi cyamata]] [[Dosiye:Coffe from cachipay.jpg|thumb|Igiti cya Kawa|240x240px]] [[Dosiye:BSK COFFE CUP083 (32118435023).jpg|thumb|210x210px|icyuma kikawa]] [[Dosiye:FruitColors.jpg|thumb]] [[Dosiye:Coffee tree in Buon Me Thuot city.jpg|thumb]] [[Dosiye:Coffea arabica 2.jpg|thumb]] [[Dosiye:Coffea arabica 3.jpg|thumb]] [[Dosiye:Kafarboj sur kampoj apud Da Lat, Vjetnamio 03.jpg|thumb]] [[Dosiye:Coffea (Rubiaceae) 02.jpg|thumb]] [[Dosiye:Ripe Seeds Coffee Robusta Coorg Karnataka India Feb24 D72 25688.jpg|thumb]] [[Dosiye:Roasted coffee beans.jpg|thumb]] [[Dosiye:Less coarsely grounded coffee beans in white bowl.png|thumb|Ikawa]] [[Dosiye:Roasted coffee beans in white bowl.png|thumb|Ikawa]] Mu kinyejana cya 16 nibwo bamenyekanishije amacyane akozwe muri iki gihingwa. no muri ikigihe cyacu iki Igihingwa cyanditse amateka nko muri leta Zunze ubumwe za Amerika hinjizwa amatoni arenze miliyoni y’ ikawa yonyine ku mwaka. Kugira akamenyero ko kunywa ikawa bigira uyinywa imbata yayo bikamukururira akaga haba kumpagarike no mubwenge ari nacyo gituma ibarirwa mubiyobyabwenge. Kimwe n’ ibindi bimera bibarirwa mubwoko bw’ ibiyobyabwenge (drugs) nk’ opium, caffeine igize ikigihingwa, ishobora kwifashishwa mubuvuzi bwazimwe mundwara mugihe runaka. Ariko nubwo bimeze bityo kuyinywa igihe ishobora kubata umuntu kandi igatera ingorane zitandukanye.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.agakiza.org/Waba-uzi-umumaro-w-ikawa-ku-buzima.html |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-02-27 |archive-date=2023-02-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227154609/https://www.agakiza.org/Waba-uzi-umumaro-w-ikawa-ku-buzima.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>iki gihingwa kinjiriza igihugu amafaranga menshi binyuze mu kukigurisha mu mahanga. == IMITERERE Y’ IKAWA N’ AHO IKORESHWA == [[Dosiye:Colombian coffee beans.jpg|thumb|Igiti cy'ikawa.|230x230px]] [[Dosiye:Less coarsely grounded coffee beans in white bowl with intact roasted bean.png|left|thumb|245x245px]] Ikawa ikungahaye muri alcaloide yitwa trimethyl xanthine izwi ku izina rya caffeine, igizwe na 1 kugeza kuri 2% byibiyigize. Nanone irimo Amavuta ( huile essentielle) ari nayo iyiha impumuro yayo acidecafeique, iyi essence igenda ibabura inzira zigogora. Acides cafeique na chlorogenique bitera kwihagarika ( diueretique), igira n’ ibindi byinshi nka nitrogenes zirema irigutegurwa munganda. Caffeine ni alcaloide iri mubwoko bwa xanthine, muburyo bw’ubutabire ijya kubarwa neza nka purine na acide urique.<ref>https://mobile.igihe.com/ubukungu/article/ikawa-y-u-rwanda-yinjije-hafi-miliyari-10-frw-mu-cyumweru-kimwe</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.ktradio.rw/2022/10/04/u-rwanda-rwatangiye-kohereza-ibicuruzwa-binyuze-mu-masezerano-yisoko-rusange/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-02-27 |archive-date=2023-02-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227154602/https://www.ktradio.rw/2022/10/04/u-rwanda-rwatangiye-kohereza-ibicuruzwa-binyuze-mu-masezerano-yisoko-rusange/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> === IKAWA ISHOBORA GUTERA INGORANE ZIKURIKIRA === ==== IKANGURA INZIRA Z’ UBWONKO ==== iyo umaze kunywa icyayi cy’ ikawa ushobora kumva aribwo ukangukiye gukora imirimo isaba ubwenge. Nubwo bimeze bityo igabanya ubushozi bwo gufata mu mutwe no kuuza ibyo wize. akorana umuvuduko udasanzwe ariko harimo amakosa menshi. Ibyo yiyumvagamo nko gukangukanguka kintekerezo no kubanguka kubwonko bikurikirwa n’ umunaniro mwinshi nyuma y’ amasaha make gusa afashe ikawa, agatima kagatera gashaka indi kawa.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://jkanya.free.fr/imvahonshya2003.html |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-02-27 |archive-date=2023-02-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227154600/http://jkanya.free.fr/imvahonshya2003.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[Dosiye:Roasted coffee beans.jpg|thumb|ikawa|187x187px]] Ibyo biterwa nuko yifitemo ubushobozi bwogukangura inzira zubwenge kandi by’ amajyejuru gusa. Ikirahure cy’ ikawa ntakintu nakimwe igira gitunga ubwonko bukenera mumikorere yabwo isanzwe nka glucose n’ amavitamine yo mugatsiko ka B, lecithine cyangwa imyunyungugu ( phosphore, calcium n’ indi). Ikwa irakangura ariko ntitunga, iyo ifashwe kurugero rwo hejuru, irangija kandi igaca intege imikorere y’ ubwonko.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://kiny.taarifa.rw/ikawa-iravuna-igatanga-ingororano/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-02-27 |archive-date=2023-02-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227154605/https://kiny.taarifa.rw/ikawa-iravuna-igatanga-ingororano/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://www.bbc.com/gahuza/50655194</ref> === IMIGENDERE Y’AMARASO === [[Dosiye:A small cup of coffee.JPG|thumb|icyayi cya kawa|191x191px]] Ikawa itanga imbaraga zo gutera k’ umutima no kuzamuka k’ umuvuduko w’ amaraso. Bikwiriwe kuzirikanwa ko uko ujyenda ukoresha ikawa itera gukora nabi kw’ Imitsi y’ umutima, ibyo bikagaragazwa n’ ibyo bita tachicarirdies na arythime ( akajagari mu miterere y’ umutima). Caffeine itera wiyongera kwa adrenaline mu maraso, maze ibyo bikaba intandaro ikomeye y’ indwara yo guhagara k’ umutima ( attaque cardiaque).<ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/ubuhinzi/ubuhinzi/article/ikawa-y-i-nyamasheke-ni-yo-iryoshye-kurusha-izindi-mu-rwanda</ref><ref>https://www.isangostar.rw/nyamasheke-hakenewe-imbaraga-zurubyiruko-mu-buhinzi-bwa-kawa</ref> === URWUNGANO NGOGOZI === ikawa itera ubwiyongere bw’ivuburwa ry’ indurwe yo mugifu ( sucs gastriques) ibyo bishobora ugira umumaro mugihe runaka mugihe bibaye ngombwa. Ariko ikoreshwa ryayo igihe kirekire bishobora gutera ubwiyongere bukabije, ibyo bigatera ibisebe mugifu no mumara mato ( gastro-duodenal), kimwe na colite, bitewe n’ Amavuta aryaryata izo nzira ayigize. Kugira akamenyero ko kunywa ikawa nanone bibera umutwaro umwijima ( foie).<ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/amakuru/amakuru-mu-rwanda/article/ikawa-y-u-rwanda-ikomeje-gukundwa-ku-isi</ref><ref>https://panorama.rw/starbucks-icuruza-ikawa-yakiriwe-na-perezida-kagame/</ref> === KUGIRA AKAMENYERO === ko gukoresha ikawa cyane byagaragajwe neza ko bifitanye isano na cancer y’ uruhago, urwagashya ( pancreas) n’ iyo mu iherezo ry’ amara manini ( colon), n’ ubwiyongere bukabije bw’ urugimbu rwinshi mu maraso.Imikoreshereze y’ ikawa ishobora kwemerwa mu buvuzi bukurikira niba ntabundi buryo Buhari bwayisimbura muruwo mwanya kandi bufite ingaruka nke ugereranije n’ akaga itera.<ref>https://rba.co.rw/post/Mu-Rwanda-ikawa-ihahingwa-inyobwa-ku-kigero-cya-3-gusa</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://umutihealth.com/ikawa/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-02-27 |archive-date=2023-02-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227160109/https://umutihealth.com/ikawa/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> === INTOXICATION ALCOOLIQUE AIGUE === Ikawa ishobora kuburizamo bona nubwo Atari muburyo bwuzuye, ingaruka zo guhungabana kw’ inzira zubwenge zizanywe n’ uburozi bwinzoga mubwonko.Ushobora kuyikoresha nk’ umuti kugira ngo ukangure uwishwe n’ inzoga. Kuvura umusinzi neza bisaba kumuha urugero ruhagije rwa vitamin B COMPLEXE, kandi ikawa ntiyigira.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0sM_5d6QPVs</ref><ref>https://www.radiyoyacuvoa.com/a/a-18-2008-10-27-voa1-93022234/1265207.html</ref> [[Dosiye:Coffee plantation in Cachipay, Colombia.jpg|thumb|Ubuhinzi bwa Kawa|257x257px]] === LIPOTHYMIE, === ni indwara irangwa no gusa nubuze ubwenge by’ akanya gato, ugasa nugize ikizungera, biterwa no kutagera neza kw’ amaraso mubwonko, ugasa n’ uzimiye. Bishobora guterwa no gucika intege bizanywe n’ imirimo yagahanyu cyangwa umunaniro ukabije wo mu bwenge, stress, intimba n’ amajune, amarangamutima akabije, ubwoba no gutumutwe ( panique), ubwoba buzanywe n’ ibintu runaka nko kujya muri escenceur,indege, Imodoka… aribwo bita (phobie), nanone iyi ndwara ishobora guterwa no kubura isukari mu maraso, ubushuhe bwinshi, kugabanuka kwamazi mu mubiri, imiti imwe n’ imwe… ikawa kuri iyingorane ishobora gutanga igisubizo cy’ akanya gato nk’ ingoboka ariko, ariko si umuti ukiza. Birakwiriye ko hatangwa ubuvuzi bwiyondwara hashingiwe mucyayiteye.<ref>https://kiny.taarifa.rw/u-burusiya-buherutse-kugura-ikawa-nyinshi-yu-rwanda/</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://umuseke.rw/2023/01/ikawa-yoherejwe-mu-mahanga-mu-cyumweru-kimwe-yinjije-miliyari-2frw/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-02-27 |archive-date=2023-02-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227154557/https://umuseke.rw/2023/01/ikawa-yoherejwe-mu-mahanga-mu-cyumweru-kimwe-yinjije-miliyari-2frw/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> === UMUTWE CEPHALEES, MAUX DE TETE, MIGRAINE, === Itewe na grippe cyangwa ikomotse kubyo bita catarrhale iterwa no kwiyongera kururenda munzira z’ ubuhumekero, bishobora gutuma ubwonko butageramo umwuka wa oxygene neza, na none n’ ingorane y’ umuriro ( fievre): ikawa ishobora kugabanya ubwo buribwe bw’ umutwe, kandi ikazana ihembura kurwaye gripe. Muribyo bibazo nibyiza gukoresha ibindi bimera bivura neza grippe kandi bidafite ingaruka nk’ izikawa, kandi byongera ubudahangarwa bw’ umubiri.<ref>https://ikawa.rw/</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://igisabo.rw/2022/10/10/ikawa-yu-rwanda-ikomeje-guca-uduhigo/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-02-27 |archive-date=2023-02-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227154615/https://igisabo.rw/2022/10/10/ikawa-yu-rwanda-ikomeje-guca-uduhigo/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> === IBINDI === Ikawa ntabwo ikwiriye gukoresha muburyo buhoraho, kimwe nokuyikoresha nk’ umuti, bitewe na caffeine, igira imbata uyikoresha. Niba ikoreshejwe nk’ umuti, ntukarenze urugero ruteganijwe, ibirahure 2 cyangwa 3 kumunsi. ● Ikawa irabujijwe cyane ( contre-indique) kubantu bafite ibibazo bikurikira: [[Dosiye:FruitColors.jpg|thumb|193x193px|Ibitumbwe bya kawa]] - ibisebe mugifu no mumara mato ( gastro-duodenal), gastrite, uburibwe bwo mugifu, - colite, - Nervosite , - Hypertension, Umuvuduko ukabije w’ amaraso- Cardiopathie, indwara y’ umutima - arythmies, Gutimbaguza kumutima( gutera vubavuba kumutima) - Indwara ya Goutte, acide- utwite ( ikawa ishobora gukereza imikurire y’ umwana utwite), - uwonsa ashobora guhererekanya caffeine n’ uwo atwite binyuriye mu mashereka.<ref>https://www.ikawacoffee.com/</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://genesisbizz.com/Ikawa-y-u-Rwanda-igiye-gusogongererwa-i-Dubai-5430 |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-02-27 |archive-date=2023-02-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227154559/https://genesisbizz.com/Ikawa-y-u-Rwanda-igiye-gusogongererwa-i-Dubai-5430 |url-status=dead }}</ref> === Amashakiro === [[Ikiciro:Ibidukikije]] [[Ikiciro:Ibiti]] [[Ikiciro:Ibimera]] 62brduh6r0sc7wrdk82yawdwcnsi7cl 0 14448 133354 106201 2026-06-28T08:17:28Z InternetArchiveBot 9716 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 133354 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hakizimana Jean Claude''' uzwi nka '''Eddie Claude Mudenge''' ni umunyamakuru wabigize umwuga mu biganiro by’ imikino n’ imyidagaduro yakoreye ku maradiyo atandukanye nka radio Salus, radio Contact FM, City Radio na Flash FM Rwanda.<ref name=":0">https://mobile.igihe.com/imyidagaduro/article/umunyamakuru-eddie-claude-mudenge?url_reload=true&debut_forum=10</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |url=https://kiny.taarifa.rw/hari-ibigo-bya-leta-binengwa-kwimana-amakuru-kandi-bibisabwa-nitegeko-bnr-minicom-rdb/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-03-01 |archive-date=2023-03-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230301000617/https://kiny.taarifa.rw/hari-ibigo-bya-leta-binengwa-kwimana-amakuru-kandi-bibisabwa-nitegeko-bnr-minicom-rdb/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |url=https://inyarwanda.com/inkuru/64097/umunyamakuru-wamenyekanye-cyane-mu-kiganiro-salus-relax-agiye-kurushingana-n-uwahoze-ari-umukunzi-wa-ziggy-55-5%205-64097.html |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-03-01 |archive-date=2023-03-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230301000615/https://inyarwanda.com/inkuru/64097/umunyamakuru-wamenyekanye-cyane-mu-kiganiro-salus-relax-agiye-kurushingana-n-uwahoze-ari-umukunzi-wa-ziggy-55-5%205-64097.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=":3">https://www.kigalitoday.com/imikino-11/football/Abanyamakuru-b-imikino-batangiye-imyitozo-ikaze-bitegura-Abarundi</ref> === Siporo === Eddy Claude Mudenge asigaye ari umuvugizi wa Minisiteri, aho avugira  '''Minisiteri y’ubucuruzi n’inganda, Aho ubu yanabaye Umuyobozi w'ishami rishinzwe kumenyekanisha ibikorwa, muri FERWAFA.''' Eddy Claude Mudenge akaba yari Team Manager wa ekipe yabanyamkuru b'imikino. [[Ikiciro:Umunyamakuru]] <references /> [[Ikiciro:Imikino]] n2djagj8s5o84hsmz7y9pmwqplx2fpp 0 14453 133315 91830 2026-06-27T19:08:58Z Igiraneza Divine 15375 Impinduka 133315 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ukurikiyimfura Eric Tony''' ni umunyamakuru wa [[siporo]] wa bigize umwuga. Ukurikiyimfura Eric Tony yakoze kubitangazamakuru byandika nk’[[Igiherero|IGIHE]], akomereza ku kinyamakuru cyandika yashinze kandi akanakiyobora Rwanda magazine, akoraho ubu., aha hose yandikaga akanavuga imikino n’inkuru za siporo. Ukurikiyimfura Eric Tony abarizwa mu ishyirahamwe ry'abanyamakuru ba siporo AJSPOR, Ukurikiyimfura Eric Tony ni umufana w’ikipe ya Manchester United yo mu gihugu cyu [[Ubwongereza|bwongereza]]. <ref>https://www.rwandamag.com/urutonde-rurerure-rwabanyamakuru-bimikino-mu-rwanda-namakipe-bafana/</ref><ref>https://igihe.com/auteur/eric-tony-ukurikiyimfura</ref><ref>https://amarebe.com/abanyamakuru-bakomeye-ba-siporo-bo-mu-rwanda-beruye-bagaragaza-amakipe-bafana/</ref><ref>https://yegob.rw/ngaba-abanyamakuru-bimikino-mu-rwanda-namakipe-bihebeye-mu-bwongereza/</ref><ref>https://umuryango.rw/ad-restricted/article/abanyamakuru-ba-sports-mu-rwanda-byabanze-mu-nda-bagaragaza-amarangamutima-y</ref> === AMASHAKIRO; === [[Ikiciro:Siporo]] [[Ikiciro:Abanyamakuru]] [[Ikiciro:Abanyamakuru ba siporo]] 65jw898l8g6cuqqjq6ulg4c6fc8xr7r 0 14468 133288 126520 2026-06-27T13:14:14Z B.Scalling 15089 133288 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ayanone Solange'''   ni umunyarwanda akaba Umunyamakurukazi w'umwuga umaze imyaka 28 mu itangazamakuru. Ayanone Solange  Ni umuyobozi w’ikigega cy’iterambere ry’abanyamakuru MDF. Ayanone Solange Afite kandi ikigo gikora ibijyanye n’itangazamakuru AFRI-MEDIA LTD. Ayanone Solange Yakoreye ibitangazamakuru mpuzamahanga n’ibyo mu Rwanda nka Isango star na Isango TV. Solange Ayanone usanzwe atanga amahugurwa yo gufasha Abanyamakuru kwi menyerreza umwuga w'itangazamakuru ndetse rimwe namwe rimwe narimwe akaba abikora ku buntu kugira ngo ababishaka bakore neza akazi k’itangazamakuru mu Rwanda no ku isi.<ref>https://lecanape.rw/une-femme-doit-etre-competitive-sur-le-marche-de-lemploi-solange-ayanone/</ref><ref>https://bwiza.com/?_Solange-Ayanone_</ref><ref>https://www.ktpress.rw/2018/08/condom-or-no-condom-is-abstinence-still-relevant/</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.rwandajournalists.com/about-us/our-executive-committee/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-03-01 |archive-date=2023-03-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230304151227/http://www.rwandajournalists.com/about-us/our-executive-committee/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://www.igihe.com/amakuru/article/politiki-igenga-itangazamakuru-mu-rwanda-igiye-kuvugururwa-nyuma-y-imyaka-11</ref><ref>https://umuryango.rw/imyidagaduro/article/umuryango-wa-mwiseneza-josiane-wiyemeje-kumukorera-ibirori-bikomeye</ref><ref>https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/58390/National/rgac-releases-110-million-to-support-civil-society</ref><ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pvYz5odADq4</ref> == Mu itangazamakuru == Ayanone Solange '''y'''akundaga kumva Radio Rwanda(RBA), hamwe n'abatanga amakuru, ni abantu bakoraga ibiganiro nkunda. Barabinkundishije, Aho Nagize amahirwe ko umuyobozi w'icyo gihe ORINFOR ubu ni RBA - Ikigo cy'igihugu gishinzwe itangazamakuru mu Rwanda - yari umwarimu wanjye mu mashuri yisumbuye . Nyuma yo kurangiza amashuri yisumbuye hari muri 1991, maze jya ku biro bya ORINFOR musabako nifuza kuba umunyamakuru. Maze namusabye ko yampa amahirwe yo kwimenyereza kugirango mbone ubumenyi mu ubunyamakuru . Icyifuzo cyanjye kirakirwa . Ninjiye mu itangazamakuru ubwo narimo nimenyereza umwuga kuri Radio Rwanda muri 1992 maze mpamara amezi atandatu. bamaze kubona ko nshoboye, ubuyobozi bwampaye amasezerano nk'umukozi w'igihe cyose , maze natangiriye kumuyoboro wa kabiri wa Radio Rwanda, yibanze cyane ku ndimi z'amahanga zirimo Igifaransa n'Icyongereza, narimfite imyaka 23 . <ref>https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/9115/news/women/how-ayanone-gained-foothold-in-rwandas-male-dominated-media-industry</ref> == Amashakiro == [[Ikiciro:Siporo]] [[Ikiciro:Abanyamakuru ba siporo]] [[Ikiciro:Abanyamakuru]] <references /> [[Ikiciro:Umunyamakurukazi]] cg8xcefjtqvjgqnrkarphqmcal6f5tx 0 14523 133345 101102 2026-06-28T07:08:48Z InternetArchiveBot 9716 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 133345 wikitext text/x-wiki Gasana Richard ni umuyobozi wa [[Akarere ka Gatsibo|karere ka Gatsibo]], akaba ari umusiporitifu umunyamupira kuko ni komiseri ushinzwe Amarushanwa muri [[FERWAFA]], [[Ishyirahamwe ry’Umupira w’Amaguru mu Rwanda|ishyirahamwe ry’umupira w’amaguru mu Rwanda]]. Gasana Richard Ni umugabo usanzwe akora ubucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka, mu bihugu birimo Repubulika ya Centrafrique. Kandi Gasana ni umuyobozi w’ Akarere ka Gatsibo. akaba azwiho kuba ari umukunzi w' ikipe ya [[APR FC]] kuva nyuma ya [[Genocide mu Rwanda|genoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu rwanda muwa 1994]]. <ref>https://mobile.igihe.com/imikino/football/article/nizeyimana-olivier-urusha-abandi-amahirwe-yatanze-kandidatire-yo-kuyobora</ref><ref>https://mobile.igihe.com/imikino/football/article/as-kigali-wfc-yashyikirijwe-igikombe-cya-shampiyona</ref><ref>https://umuryango.rw/imyidagaduro/imikino/article/nizeyimana-mugabo-olivier-yatorewe-perezida-wa-ferwafa</ref><ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/imikino-11/football/article/nizeyimana-mugabo-olivier-ni-we-utorewe-kuba-perezida-wa-ferwafa</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://lookcharms.com/olivier-nizeyimana-mugabo-president-of-the-rwandan-football-federation-our-team-is-missing-the-opportunity-to-compete-against-one-of-the-giants-of-africa/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-03-01 |archive-date=2023-03-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230301031221/https://lookcharms.com/olivier-nizeyimana-mugabo-president-of-the-rwandan-football-federation-our-team-is-missing-the-opportunity-to-compete-against-one-of-the-giants-of-africa/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://yegob.rw/amafoto-yo-mu-bihe-bitandukanye-ya-mugabo-nizeyimana-olivier-watorewe-kuyobora-ferwafa/</ref><ref>https://www.bbc.com/news/av/world-africa-17145103</ref><ref>https://igihe.com/amakuru/u-rwanda/article/nizeyimana-olivier-umunyemari-wihebeye-ruhago-yaba-ari-we-mucunguzi-wa-ferwafa</ref><ref>https://www.rba.co.rw/post/Olivier-Nizeyimana-yatorewe-kuyobora-FERWAFA-uko-amatora-yagenze</ref><ref>https://www.isimbi.rw/siporo/article/nizeyimana-olivier-na-we-yatanze-kandidatire-ye-muri-ferwafa</ref><ref>https://www.ktpress.rw/2021/06/olivier-mugabo-nizeyimana-is-the-new-ferwafa-president/</ref><ref>https://rushyashya.net/nizeyimana-olivier-uherutse-gutorerwa-kuyobora-ferwafa-mu-myaka-ine-iri-imbere-yakoze-ihererekanyabubasha-na-komite-nyobozi-icyuye-igihe</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://igisabo.rw/2021/06/19/mugabo-nizeyimana-olivier-yavuze-imigabo-nimigambi-afitiye-ferwafa-ahatanira-kuyobora/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-03-01 |archive-date=2023-03-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230301031222/https://igisabo.rw/2021/06/19/mugabo-nizeyimana-olivier-yavuze-imigabo-nimigambi-afitiye-ferwafa-ahatanira-kuyobora/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>http://ingenzinyayo.com/2022/06/18/ikindi-kimenyetso-cyuko-nizeyimana-mugabo-olivier-ferwafa-imunaniye-cyabonetse-ku-makipe-interforce-fc-na-as-muhanga-zibuzwa-gukina/</ref> === Amashakiro === [[Ikiciro:Siporo]] [[Ikiciro:Umuyobozi muri Siporo]] 3qfufgz9rw94oivvhjws4rzqw221f0a 0 14597 133357 132520 2026-06-28T08:57:52Z InternetArchiveBot 9716 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 133357 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Algérie - Arménie - 20140531 - Yacine Brahimi (Alg) face à Taron Voskanyan (Arm).jpg|thumb|IPM wfc]] '''IPM wfc''' ( Institut Paroissiale de Mukarange, Women Football Club)  ni [[ikipe]] y’umupira wa maguru wa babigize umwuga. Ni ikipe igaragaramo [[Umugore|abagore]] n’[[Umugore|abakobwa]] mugukina shampiyona y’igihugu I tegurwa na [[FERWAFA]], [[Ishyirahamwe ry’Umupira w’Amaguru mu Rwanda|Ishyirahamwe ry’umupira w’amaguru mu Rwanda]] ndetse n’[[Igikombe cy’Amahoro|igikombe cy’amahoro]] cy’igihugu. IPM wfc ikina mu shampiyona y’icyiciro cya mbere cyu mu mupira w’amaguru mu [[Rwanda]] mu [[Umugore|bagore]], ikaba yaratweye irushanwa rya [[Amashuri Makuru|Amashuri]] Kagame Cup ndetse , IPM WFC yatwaye igikombe cya Shampiyona y'ikiciro cya kabiri mu [[Umugore|bagore]] muri 2022 kugeza 2023. <ref>https://mobile.igihe.com/imikino/football/article/as-kigali-wfc-yashyikirijwe-igikombe-cya-shampiyona</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://umuyoboro.rw/index.php/2022/02/28/imbamutima-za-kayitesi-wegukanye-igikombe-muri-as-kigali-yabagore/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-03-02 |archive-date=2023-03-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230302173741/https://umuyoboro.rw/index.php/2022/02/28/imbamutima-za-kayitesi-wegukanye-igikombe-muri-as-kigali-yabagore/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://rushyashya.net/amavubi-yageze-muri-senegal-aho-yitegura-gukina-umunsi-wa-kabiri-wa-afcon2023-reg-vc-na-apr-wvc-zegukanye-gmt-2022-ibyaranze-impera-zicyumweru-muri-siporo/</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://umuseke.rw/2022/05/igikombe-cyamahoro-cyabagore-as-kigali-na-kamonyi-zitwaye-neza/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-03-02 |archive-date=2023-03-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230302154052/https://umuseke.rw/2022/05/igikombe-cyamahoro-cyabagore-as-kigali-na-kamonyi-zitwaye-neza/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>http://rwanda-football.com/as-kigali-yongeye-kwegukana-igikombe-cya-shampiyona-yabagore/</ref><ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/imikino-11/football/article/iminsi-ibiri-irashize-tuyishimire-angelique-ari-muri-koma-nyuma-yo-kunanirwa-kwakira-gutsindwa</ref><ref>https://www.isimbi.rw/siporo/article/abasifuzi-5-bahagaritswe-abakomiseri-2-bahagarikwa-amezi-6</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.thechoicelive.com/abasifuzi-basifuriye-rayon-sports-na-etoile-de-lest-nabandi-bahagaritswe |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-03-02 |archive-date=2023-03-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230302202645/https://www.thechoicelive.com/abasifuzi-basifuriye-rayon-sports-na-etoile-de-lest-nabandi-bahagaritswe |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://umuryango.rw/imyidagaduro/imikino/article/abakinnyi-4-b-ikipe-ya-youvia-barembye-bajyanwa-mu-bitaro-nyuma-yo-kunanirwa</ref> === Amashakiro === [[Ikiciro:Siporo]] [[Ikiciro:Ikipe ya bagore]] ldyu79i4xd522o7nkpxxljwl9dk3yux 0 14653 133318 92111 2026-06-28T00:43:56Z InternetArchiveBot 9716 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 133318 wikitext text/x-wiki == African == [[Dosiye:African Goshawk RWD.jpg|thumb|290x290px]] African Goshawk ni ubwoko bw'inyoni zituruka mu bwoko bwa Accipiter mu bwoko bw'umuryango wa Accipitridae.[https://birdsoftheworld.org/bow/species/afrgos1/cur/introduction] iyi nyoni bakunze kwita inyoni nya afrika ifite amaso y'ijimwe impeta y'umuhondo ikagira igihanga gisa n<nowiki>'imvi,amababa y''ijimye n'umurizo muremure w'</nowiki>umukara ikagira agatuza kera n'amaguru maremare y'umuhondo ninzara zatuye zirabura. ingore zipima (270-510 G ( 9.5-18.0 oZ ). mugihe ingabo zazo zipima (150-340 g (3.5-12.oZ) Amababa yikubye inshuro 1.7 uburebure bw'inyoni hamwe (440-570MM (17.2-22-5 In) ingabo ni (540-700MM (21.1-27.5 In) Mu ngore.[https://animalia.bio/african-goshawk][https://www.peregrinefund.org/explore-raptors-species/hawks/african-goshawk][https://web.archive.org/web/20230305093413/http://www.biodiversityexplorer.info/birds/accipitridae/accipiter_tachiro.htm] 8bcyxe8idltshaggkl0pd2i7l3elmqa 0 14657 133319 115667 2026-06-28T00:47:00Z InternetArchiveBot 9716 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 133319 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Eurasian Hobby (Falco subbuteo) (6045599673).jpg|thumb|343x343px]] == African Hobby == [[Dosiye:African Hobby bwindi jan06 (cropped).jpg|thumb|331x331px]] ni akanyoni gfato koroheje gafite ibara ry'irabura hamwe nuduce twimbitse twa rufous umusaya utuje kandi ugororotse hafi y'umuhogo n'umukara ugaragara k'umuhogo ndetse n'impande zawo [https://web.archive.org/web/20230305103109/http://www.biodiversityexplorer.info/birds/falconidae/falco_cuvierii.htm], uruhu rwo kumaso n'ibirenge n'umuhondo, izikagira uburebure bwa 7.5in amababa (70 Cm-(28 in) [https://kidadl.com/facts/animals/african-hobby-facts] ziboneka cyane cyane ku nkombe z'ishyambe ahantu hatose bikunze kugaragara mu mashyambe ya palm savannah no muturere tw'iburasirazuba bwa africa y'iburasirazuba nti bukunze kugaragara muri africa yo hagatino mumajyaruguru y'iburasirazuba bwa africa.[https://www.oiseaux.net/birds/african.hobby.html][https://www.africanbirdclub.org/afbid/search/birddetails/species/339/30682] zikunda kugaburirwa n'udukoko tuguruka , inzige ,inyenzi,na cicadas. [https://ebird.org/species/afrhob1] 38wa1r9vsocr074z90qi9m9ahe9dukl 0 14700 133350 130212 2026-06-28T07:39:30Z InternetArchiveBot 9716 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 133350 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Match de volley ball1.jpg|thumb|Gisagara]] '''Gisagara Tournament n'''i irishanwa ritegurwa na mu [[Akarere ka Gisagara|karere ka Gisagara]] mu [[Intara y'amajyepfo|ntara y’amajyepfo]], ni irushanwa ngaruka mwaka, akarere Ka Gisagara ka gafatanya n'[[Ishyirahamwe ry'umukino wa Volleyball mu Rwanda|Ishyirahamwe ry'umukino wa Volleyball]] mu [[Rwanda]] (The Rwanda Volleyball Federation, [[FRVB]]'''.''' Gisagara Tournament ni irushanwa rihuza amakipe yose akina icyiciro cya mbere muri Volleyball [[Umugabo|abagabo]] [[Umugore|n’abagore]] mu [[Rwanda]], Gisagara Tournament Ni urushanwa rigamije gukangurira abaturage ba Gisagara gukunda umukino wa volleyball , United Volleyball Club (UVC) yahoze ari UTB niyo yatwaye irushanwa n'igikombe cya ya Gisagara Tournament mu [[Umugabo|bagabo]]. iri rushawa hamwe n'ikipe ya Gisagara VC birafatikanya kugirango bizamure akarere muri siporo.<ref>https://www.ktpress.rw/2022/06/gisagara-uvc-are-the-champions-of-memorial-rutsindura-2022/</ref><ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/imikino-11/volleyball/article/amakipe-12-ni-yo-yemeje-ko-azitabira-irushanwa-gisagara-tournament-2021</ref><ref>https://inyarwanda.com/inkuru/120209/gisagara-vc-yegukanye-irushanwa-rya-gisaka-international-volleyball-tournament-120209.html</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://umuseke.rw/2022/06/gisagara-yihimuye-kuri-reg-mu-irushanwa-ryo-kwibuka-rutsindura/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-03-06 |archive-date=2023-03-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230306205358/https://umuseke.rw/2022/06/gisagara-yihimuye-kuri-reg-mu-irushanwa-ryo-kwibuka-rutsindura/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.thechoicelive.com/volleball-gisagara-volleyball-club-yamaze-kubona-umutoza-mushya |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-03-06 |archive-date=2023-03-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230301070322/https://www.thechoicelive.com/volleball-gisagara-volleyball-club-yamaze-kubona-umutoza-mushya |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://umurava.rw/2022/07/20/gisagara-kansi-gs-gikore-ikomeje-gushimangira-ibigwi-bya-gisagara-muri-volleyball/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-03-06 |archive-date=2023-03-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230306210857/http://umurava.rw/2022/07/20/gisagara-kansi-gs-gikore-ikomeje-gushimangira-ibigwi-bya-gisagara-muri-volleyball/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://bwiza.com/?Meya-Rutaburingoga-yemeza-ko-Gisagara-VC-itanga-icyizere-cy-iterambere-ry</ref><ref>https://umuryango.rw/imyidagaduro/imikino/article/gisagara-vc-yatangiye-itsinda-mu-irushanwa-nyafurika-ihagarariyemo-u-rwanda</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://radiotv10.rw/gisagara-volleyball-yakoreye-amateka-igera-muri-%C2%BD-cya-africa-club-championship-2022/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-03-06 |archive-date=2023-03-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230306205908/https://radiotv10.rw/gisagara-volleyball-yakoreye-amateka-igera-muri-%C2%BD-cya-africa-club-championship-2022/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://muhaziyacu.rw/amakuru/kirehe-ikipe-ya-gisagara-vc-niya-rra-vc-ni-zo-zegukanye-gisaka-open/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-03-06 |archive-date=2023-03-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230306194606/https://muhaziyacu.rw/amakuru/kirehe-ikipe-ya-gisagara-vc-niya-rra-vc-ni-zo-zegukanye-gisaka-open/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> === Amashakiro === [[Ikiciro:Siporo]] [[Ikiciro:Siporo ya volleyball]] pbz6mhe6oub8niq2t2yfxlfs5ni22ln 0 14718 133300 108441 2026-06-27T16:05:31Z MUNEZA Florien 17923 /* */ Hakosowe Imyandikire 133300 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Star_of_life2.svg|thumb|Ibirango by'ubuvuzi]] '''Ubuvuzi''' cyangwa '''ubuvuzi rusange''' ni ugutezimbere ubuzima binyuze mu gukumira, gusuzuma, kuvura, gukiza cyangwa gukiza indwara, indwara, ibikomere, n’ubundi bumuga bw’umubiri n’ubwenge mu bantu. Ubuvuzi butangwa n'inzobere mu buzima hamwe n’ubuzima bufatanije. Ubuvuzi, amenyo, farumasi, ububyaza, ubuforomo, optometrie, audiologiya, psychologiya, kuvura akazi, kuvura umubiri, imyitozo ngororamubiri, n'indi myuga y'ubuzima byose bigize ubuvuzi. Harimo imirimo ikorwa mu gutanga ubuvuzi bw'ibanze, ubuvuzi bwisumbuye, n'ubuvuzi bwa kaminuza, ndetse no mubuzima rusange. [[Dosiye:Bypass_surgery_lower_side_at_the_Hasharon_Hospital_(FL45929191).jpg|thumb|Ubuvuzi ]] Ku isi yose y'ibikoresho by'ubuzima, nk'uko bigaragazwa n'umubare w'abaganga ku muntu 10,000, n'igihugu. Amakuru yaturutse mu mibare y’ubuzima ku isi 2010, raporo ya OMS. [Akeneye kuvugururwa] [[Dosiye:Yellow_fever_vaccination_05.jpg|thumb|Yellow fever vaccination 05]] Igishushanyo cy’ibitanda by’ibitaro ku bantu 1000 ku isi mu 2013, ku isonga; Ku ifoto [[Dosiye:World_Health_Organization_Flag.jpg|thumb|Ikirango cy'ubuzima ku rwego mpuzamahanga ]] ni ikigo cya Weill-Cornell (ikigo cyera hagati) Kubona ubuvuzi bishobora gutandukana mu bihugu, abaturage, n'abantu ku giti cyabo, bitewe n’imibereho n’ubukungu ndetse na politiki y’ubuzima. Gutanga serivisi z'ubuvuzi bisobanura "gukoresha igihe cya serivisi z'ubuzima ku giti cyawe kugira ngo tugere ku musaruro mwiza w'ubuzima". Ibintu bigomba kwitabwaho mu bijyanye no kwivuza harimo imbogamizi z'amafaranga (nko kwishingira ubwishingizi), inzitizi z’imiterere n’ibikoresho (nk'amafaranga y’inyongera yo gutwara abantu ndetse no gufata igihe cyo kuruhuka ku kazi kugira ngo ukoreshe izo serivisi), ibyifuzo by’umuco, hamwe n’imipaka bwite; (kubura ubushobozi bwo kuvugana n'abashinzwe ubuzima, kutamenya gusoma no kwandika, amafaranga make). [4] Imipaka kuri serivisi zita ku buzima igira ingaruka mbi ku mikoreshereze y’ubuvuzi, ingaruka z’ubuvuzi, hamwe n’ibisubizo muri rusange (imibereho myiza, impfu). Sisitemu y'ubuzima n'imiryango yashyizweho kugira ngo ihuze ibyifuzo byubuzima bw'abaturage. Ishami ry'Umuryango w'Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima (OMS) rivuga ko gahunda y’ubuvuzi ikora neza isaba uburyo bwo gutera inkunga, abakozi bahuguwe neza kandi bahembwa bihagije, amakuru yizewe ashingiraho ibyemezo na politiki, hamwe n’ibigo nderabuzima bibungabunzwe neza kugira ngo bitange ubuziranenge imiti n'ikoranabuhanga. Sisitemu nziza yubuzima ishobora kugira uruhare runini mu bukungu bw'igihugu, iterambere, n'inganda. Ubuvuzi busanzwe bufatwa nk'igikorwa cy'ingenzi mu guteza imbere ubuzima rusange bw'umubiri n'ubwenge ndetse n'imibereho myiza y'abantu ku isi. Urugero rw'ibi ni ukurandura burundu ibicurane ku isi mu 1980, byatangajwe na OMS, ko ari indwara ya mbere mu mateka y’abantu yakuweho n’ubuzima nkana. [6] Gutanga [[Dosiye:Opening_celebrations_for_a_new_medical_center_in_El_Arish_(FL45784263).jpg|thumb|Ubuvuzii]] Hindura Reba kandi: Inzobere mu buzima Ubuvuzi bwibanze bushobora gutangwa mu bigo nderabuzima by'abaturage. Gutanga ubuvuzi bugezweho biterwa n'itsinda ry'inzobere zahuguwe hamwe n'aba paraprofessional bahurira hamwe nk'amakipe atandukanye. Ibi birimo inzobere mu buvuzi, psychologiya, physiotherapie, abaforomo, amenyo, ababyaza n’ubuzima bufatanije, hamwe n’abandi benshi nk’abashinzwe ubuzima rusange, abashinzwe ubuzima bw’abaturage n’abakozi bafasha, batanga gahunda ku buryo bwihariye bwo kwita ku gukumira, kuvura no gusubiza mu buzima busanzwe; serivisi. N'ubwo ibisobanuro by'ubwoko butandukanye bw'ubuvuzi butandukanye bitewe n'uburyo butandukanye bw’umuco, politiki, imitunganyirize, na disipulini, bigaragara ko hari ubwumvikane buke ko ubuvuzi bw'ibanze bugize ikintu cya mbere cy'ibikorwa by'ubuzima bikomeza kandi bishobora no kubamo yo mu cyiciro cya kabiri n'icya gatatu cyo kwita. Ubuvuzi bushobora gusobanurwa nk'ibya leta cyangwa ibyigenga. Icyumba cyihutirwa akenshi ni ikibanza cyambere cyo gutanga ubuvuzi bwibanze. Ubuvuzi bw'ibanze Hindura Ingingo nyamukuru: Ubuvuzi bwibanze Reba kandi: Ubuvuzi bwibanze, ubuvuzi bwa Ambulatory, n'ubuvuzi bwihutirwa Gari ya moshi y'ibitaro "Therapist Matvei Mudrov" i Khabarovsk, mu Burusiya [9] Ubuvuzi bw'ibanze bivuga imirimo y'inzobere mu buzima zikora nk'ingingo ya mbere yo kugisha inama abarwayi bose bari muri gahunda z'ubuzima. [8] Umunyamwuga nkuyu yaba umuganga wibanze, nkumuganga rusange cyangwa umuganga wumuryango. Undi munyamwuga yaba umwuga wigenga wemewe nka physiotherapiste, cyangwa umuganga w'ibanze utari umuganga nk'umufasha wumuganga cyangwa umuforomo. Ukurikije aho gahunda yubuzima ihagaze, umurwayi ashobora kubanza kubona undi mwuga w'ubuzima, nka farumasi cyangwa umuforomo. Bitewe n'imiterere y'ubuzima, abarwayi bashobora koherezwa kwa kabiri cyangwa kaminuza. Ubuvuzi bwibanze bukunze gukoreshwa nk'ijambo rya serivisi zita ku buzima zigira uruhare mu baturage. Ishobora gutangwa mu buryo butandukanye igenamiterere, nk'ibigo byita ku Byihutirwa bitanga umunsi umwe gahunda cyangwa serivisi mu kugenda. Ubuvuzi bw'ibanze bukubiyemo ubuvuzi bwagutse cyane, harimo imyaka yose y’abarwayi, abarwayi bakomoka mu mibereho n’ubukungu n’imibereho yose, abarwayi bashaka kubungabunga ubuzima bwiza, n’abarwayi bafite ibibazo byose by’ubuzima bukabije kandi budakira bw’umubiri, bwo mu mutwe ndetse n’imibereho, harimo byinshi indwara zidakira. Kubwibyo, umuganga wibanze agomba kuba afite ubumenyi bwagutse mubice byinshi. Gukomeza ni ikintu cy'ingenzi kiranga ubuvuzi bw'ibanze, kubera ko abarwayi bakunze guhitamo kubaza umuganga umwe kugira ngo basuzume buri gihe kandi babone uburyo bwo kwirinda, uburezi ku buzima, kandi igihe cyose bakeneye inama ya mbere ku kibazo gishya cy'ubuzima. Ishyirahamwe mpuzamahanga ry’ubuvuzi bwibanze (ICPC) ni igikoresho gisanzwe cyo gusobanukirwa no gusesengura amakuru yerekeye ibikorwa by’ubuvuzi bwibanze hashingiwe ku mpamvu yo gusura umurwayi. Indwara zidakira zikunze kuvurwa mubuvuzi bwibanze zishobora kubamo, urugero, hypertension, diyabete, asima, COPD, kwiheba no guhangayika, kubabara umugongo, arthrite cyangwa imikorere ya tiroyide. Ubuvuzi bwibanze burimo kandi serivisi zingenzi zita kubuzima bw’ababyeyi n’abana, nka serivisi zo kuboneza urubyaro no gukingira. Muri Amerika, Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe ku rwego rw’ubuzima mu mwaka wa 2013 bwerekanye ko indwara z’uruhu (42.7%), osteoarthritis hamwe n’indwara zifatika (33,6%), ibibazo by’umugongo (23.9%), indwara ziterwa na metabolisme ya lipide (22.4%), n’indwara zo mu myanya y'ubuhumekero yo hejuru; (22.1%, usibye asima) nizo mpamvu zikunze kugaragara kwa muganga. Muri Reta zunzubumwe za Amerika, abaganga bambere bambere batangiye gutanga ubuvuzi bwibanze hanze yubuvuzi bucungwa (ubwishingizi-bwishyuza) binyuze mubuvuzi bwibanze butaziguye aribwo buryo bwo kuvura imiti isanzwe. Abaganga muriki cyitegererezo bishyuza abarwayi serivisi zitaziguye, haba mbere yishyuwe mbere, buri gihembwe, cyangwa buri mwaka, cyangwa fagitire kuri buri serivisi mubiro. Ingero zubuvuzi bwibanze burimo Ubuzima bwibanze muri Colorado na Qliance i Washington. Mu rwego rwo gusaza kw’abatuye isi, hamwe n’umubare w’abantu bakuze bafite ibyago byinshi by’indwara zidakira zandura, biteganijwe ko serivisi z’ubuvuzi bw’ibanze ziyongera vuba mu bihugu byateye imbere ndetse n’iterambere. [13] Ishami ry'Umuryango w'Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima rivuga ko itangwa ry'ubuvuzi bw'ibanze ari kimwe mu bigize ingamba z’ibanze z’ubuvuzi. Icyiciro cya kabiri Hindura Ibitaro by’Urwibutso rwa Jackson i Miami, ibitaro by’ibanze byigisha by’ishuri ry’ubuvuzi rya Leonard M. Miller wo muri kaminuza ya Miami ndetse n’ibitaro binini muri Amerika bifite ibitanda 1.547 [15] Icyiciro cya kabiri cyubuvuzi gikubiyemo ubuvuzi bukabije: ubuvuzi bukenewe mugihe gito kuburwayi bugufi ariko bukomeye, ibikomere, cyangwa ubundi buzima. Ubu buvuzi bukunze kuboneka mu ishami ryihutirwa ryibitaro. Amashuri yisumbuye akubiyemo no kwitabira ubuhanga mugihe cyo kubyara, ubuvuzi bukomeye, hamwe na serivisi zerekana amashusho. Ijambo "ubuvuzi bwa kabiri" rimwe na rimwe rikoreshwa kimwe na "care care". Nyamara, abatanga ubuvuzi bwisumbuye benshi, nk'abaganga b'indwara zo mu mutwe, abahanga mu by'imitekerereze ya muntu, abavuzi babigize umwuga, inzobere mu menyo cyangwa abahanga mu kuvura indwara z'umubiri, ntibakenera gukorera mu bitaro. Serivise zimwe zibanze zitangwa mubitaro. Bitewe n’imitunganyirize na politiki ya gahunda y’ubuzima y’igihugu, abarwayi barashobora gusabwa kubonana n’ibanze kugira ngo babohereze mbere yo kubona ubuvuzi bwa kabiri. [17] Mu bihugu bikorera muri gahunda y’ubuvuzi ivanze n’isoko, abaganga bamwe bagabanya imyitozo yabo ku buvuzi bwa kabiri basaba abarwayi kubanza kubona ubuvuzi bwibanze. Iri tegeko rishobora gushyirwaho hakurikijwe amasezerano yo kwishyura muri gahunda yubwishingizi bwubuzima bwigenga cyangwa mumatsinda. Mu bindi bihe, inzobere mu buvuzi zishobora kubona abarwayi bataboherejwe, kandi abarwayi bashobora guhitamo niba boherejwe ubwabo. Mu bindi bihugu, abarwayi biyitirira inzobere mu buvuzi kugira ngo bavurwe mu cyiciro cya kabiri ntibisanzwe kuko kubanza koherezwa ku wundi muganga (yaba umuganga w’ibanze cyangwa undi muhanga) bifatwa nkenerwa, hatitawe ku kuba inkunga ituruka muri gahunda z’ubwishingizi bw’abikorera cyangwa ubwishingizi bw’ubuzima bw’igihugu; . Inzobere mu by'ubuzima zifatanije, nk'abavuzi b'umubiri, abavuzi b'ubuhumekero, abavuzi babigize umwuga, abavuga imvugo, n'abashinzwe imirire, na bo muri rusange bakora mu buvuzi bwa kabiri, baboneka binyuze mu kohereza abarwayi ubwabo cyangwa bakohereza abaganga. Ubuvuzi bwa gatatu Hindura Ibitaro by’igihugu bishinzwe ubuvuzi bw’imyororokere na Neurosurgie i Londere, mu Bwongereza ni ibitaro by’inzobere mu bijyanye n’imitsi. Ubuvuzi bwa Tertiary ni ubuvuzi bwihariye bwo kwita ku buzima, ubusanzwe ku barwayi no koherezwa n’inzobere mu buzima bw’ibanze cyangwa yisumbuye, mu kigo gifite abakozi n’ibikoresho byo gukora iperereza ry’ubuvuzi n’ubuvuzi, nka kaminuza. y ibitaro byoherejwe. Urugero rwa serivisi zita ku barwayi bo mu rwego rwa gatatu ni imicungire ya kanseri, kubaga indwara zo mu mutwe, kubaga umutima, kubaga plasitike, kuvura inkongi y'umuriro ikabije, serivisi zita ku barwayi ba neonatologiya, palliative, ndetse n'ibindi bikorwa bigoye byo kuvura no kubaga. Kwita kuri kane Hindura Ijambo kwita kuri quaternary rimwe na rimwe rikoreshwa nko kwagura ubuvuzi bwa kaminuza mu rwego rwo hejuru rw’ubuvuzi bwihariye kandi butagerwaho cyane. Ubuvuzi bw'igeragezwa hamwe nuburyo bumwe na bumwe budasanzwe bwo gusuzuma cyangwa kubaga bifatwa nk'ubuvuzi bwa kane. Izi serivisi zitangwa gusa mu mubare muto w’ibigo nderabuzima byo mu karere cyangwa by’igihugu. [20] Murugo no kwita kubaturage Hindura Reba kandi: Ubuzima rusange Ubwoko bwinshi bwubuvuzi butangwa hanze yibigo nderabuzima. Harimo ibikorwa byinshi bifasha inyungu zubuzima rusange, nko kugenzura umutekano wibiribwa, gukwirakwiza udukingirizo na gahunda yo guhana inshinge hagamijwe gukumira indwara zanduza. Harimo kandi serivisi zinzobere mumiturire n’abaturage mu rwego rwo gushyigikira kwiyitaho, kwita ku rugo, kwita ku gihe kirekire, ubufasha bufasha, kuvura indwara ziterwa n’ibiyobyabwenge mu bundi bwoko bwa serivisi zita ku buzima n’imibereho myiza. Serivisi ishinzwe gusubiza mu buzima busanzwe abaturage irashobora gufasha mu kugenda no kwigenga nyuma yo gutakaza ingingo cyangwa gutakaza imikorere. Ibi birashobora kubamo prothèse, orthotics, cyangwa intebe yimuga. Ibihugu byinshi bihura n’abaturage basaza, bityo kimwe mu byihutirwa muri gahunda y’ubuvuzi ni ugufasha abageze mu zabukuru kubaho ubuzima bwuzuye, bwigenga mu ngo zabo. Hariho igice cyose cyubuvuzi kigamije guha abakuru ubufasha mubikorwa bya buri munsi murugo nko gutwara abantu no kubonana na muganga hamwe nibindi bikorwa byinshi byingenzi mubuzima bwabo no kumererwa neza. Nubwo batanga urugo kubantu bakuze mubufatanye, abagize umuryango hamwe nabakozi bashinzwe kurera barashobora kugira imyumvire itandukanye nindangagaciro kubikorwa byabo. Iyi miterere irerekana imbogamizi mugushushanya ICT (amakuru n'ikoranabuhanga mu itumanaho) yo kwita ku rugo. Kubera ko imibare yerekana ko Abanyamerika barenga miliyoni 80 bakuye igihe ku mirimo yabo y'ibanze kugira ngo bita ku muntu ukunda, [23] ibihugu byinshi byatangiye gutanga porogaramu nka Porogaramu ishinzwe ubufasha bw’umuguzi yemerera abagize umuryango kwita ku bo bakunda. imwe idatanze amafaranga yose yinjiza. Kubera ko umubyibuho ukabije mu bana uhita uhangayikishwa cyane, serivisi z'ubuzima zikunze gushyiraho gahunda mu mashuri zigamije kwigisha abana ibijyanye no kurya indyo yuzuye, bigatuma uburezi bw’umubiri busabwa ndetse no kwigisha ingimbi n'abangavu kugira isura nziza. Ibipimo Hindura Ingingo nyamukuru: Ibipimo byubuzima Ibipimo byubuzima ni amanota cyangwa isuzuma ryubuvuzi bukoreshwa mugusuzuma inzira yubuvuzi n'inzego zita ku buzima hamwe na / cyangwa ibisubizo bya serivisi z'ubuzima. Aya makuru yahinduwe mu makarita ya raporo atangwa n’imiryango ifite ireme, idaharanira inyungu, amatsinda y’abaguzi n’itangazamakuru. Iri suzuma ryubuziranenge rishingiye ku ngamba za: ubuziranenge bwibitaro gahunda yubuzima bwiza ubuvuzi bwiza ubuziranenge kubandi bashinzwe ubuzima bw'uburambe bw'abarwayi Inzego zijyanye Hindura Ubuvuzi ntiburenze gutanga serivisi ku barwayi, bukubiyemo imirenge myinshi ifitanye isano, kandi bushyirwa mu ishusho nini y’imari n’inzego z’imiyoborere. Sisitemu yubuzima Hindura Ingingo z'ingenzi: Sisitemu yubuzima na sisitemu yubuzima byigihugu Sisitemu yubuzima, rimwe na rimwe nanone yitwa sisitemu yubuzima cyangwa sisitemu yubuzima, ni imitunganyirize yabantu, ibigo, nubutunzi butanga serivisi zita kubuzima kubantu bakeneye ubufasha. Inganda zita ku buzima Hindura Reba kandi: Inganda zita ku buzima nubukungu bwubuzima Inganda zita ku buzima zirimo imirenge myinshi igamije gutanga serivisi zita ku buzima n’ibicuruzwa. Mu rwego rw’ibanze mu gusobanura urwego, Umuryango mpuzamahanga w’umuryango w’abibumbye ushyira mu byiciro urwego rw’ubuvuzi rushyira mu bikorwa ubuvuzi nko muri rusange ibikorwa by’ibitaro, ibikorwa by’ubuvuzi n’amenyo, ndetse n’ibindi bikorwa by’ubuzima bw’abantu. Icyiciro cyanyuma kirimo ibikorwa by, cyangwa bikurikiranwa nabaforomo, ababyaza, physiotherapiste, laboratoire yubumenyi cyangwa isuzumabumenyi, amavuriro ya patologiya, ibigo nderabuzima bituye, abunganira abarwayi [24] cyangwa indi myuga ifitanye isano n’ubuzima. Byongeye kandi, ukurikije inganda n’ibyiciro by’isoko, nkibipimo ngenderwaho by’inganda ku rwego rw’isi hamwe n’ibipimo ngenderwaho by’inganda, ubuvuzi burimo ibyiciro byinshi by’ubuvuzi, ibikoresho na serivisi birimo ibinyabuzima, laboratoire yo gusuzuma n’ibintu, gukora ibiyobyabwenge no kubitanga. Kurugero, imiti nibindi bikoresho byubuvuzi nibyo biza ku isonga mu ikoranabuhanga ryoherezwa mu Burayi no muri Amerika. [26] Amerika yiganje mu bijyanye n’ibinyabuzima, bingana na bitatu bya kane by’amafaranga yinjira mu ikoranabuhanga ku isi. [25] [27] Ubushakashatsi ku buzima Hindura Ingingo z'ingenzi: Ubushakashatsi mu by'ubuvuzi n'ubushakashatsi bw'abaforomo Kubisobanuro byingenzi, reba siyanse yubuzima. Ubwinshi nubwiza bwibikorwa byinshi byita ku buzima byanozwa binyuze mu bisubizo bya siyansi, nko gutera imbere binyuze mu buryo bw’ubuvuzi bw’ubuzima bwibanda ku kurandura indwara binyuze mu gusuzuma no kuvura neza. Iterambere ryinshi ryingenzi ryatewe nubushakashatsi bwubuzima, ubushakashatsi bwibinyabuzima nubushakashatsi bwa farumasi, aribwo shingiro ryubuvuzi bushingiye ku bimenyetso hamwe n’ibikorwa bishingiye ku bimenyetso mu gutanga ubuvuzi. Ubushakashatsi bwita ku buzima bukunze guhura n’abarwayi, kandi nkibibazo nkibi abo bagomba kwishora hamwe nuburyo bwo kubana nabo biba ngombwa kubitekerezaho mugihe ushaka kubishyira mubikorwa. Nubwo imyitozo imwe myiza itabaho, ibisubizo by'isuzuma rifatika ku bijyanye no gusezerana kw'abarwayi byerekana ko uburyo bw'ubushakashatsi bwo guhitamo abarwayi bugomba kubarwa ku kuba abarwayi bahari ndetse n'ubushake bwo kwishora. Ubushakashatsi bwa serivisi z'ubuzima bushobora gutuma habaho uburyo bunoze bwo gutanga serivisi zita ku buzima, nk'uko byateye imbere binyuze mu mibereho y’ubuzima n’ubumuga, bishimangira impinduka z’abaturage zishobora gukorwa kugira ngo abaturage bagire ubuzima bwiza. Ibisubizo bivuye mu bushakashatsi bwa serivisi z'ubuzima akenshi bigize ishingiro rya politiki ishingiye ku bimenyetso muri sisitemu z'ubuzima. Ubushakashatsi bwa serivisi z'ubuzima nabwo bufashwa n’ibikorwa mu rwego rw’ubwenge bw’ubukorikori hagamijwe guteza imbere sisitemu y’isuzuma ry’ubuzima zifite akamaro mu mavuriro, ku gihe, zita ku mpinduka, umuco, umuco, umutwaro muke, uhendutse, wubatswe mu buryo busanzwe, kandi shyiramo umurwayi. Amafaranga yo kwivuza Hindura Reba kandi: Sisitemu yubuzima, politiki yubuzima, hamwe nubuvuzi rusange Reba cyangwa uhindure amakuru yinkomoko. Amafaranga yakoreshejwe mu buzima yose ni agace ka GDP. Muri rusange hari uburyo butanu bwibanze bwo gutera inkunga sisitemu yubuzima: [32] Umusoro rusange kuri leta, intara cyangwa komine Ubwishingizi bw'ubuzima Ubwishingizi bw'ubuzima ku bushake cyangwa bwigenga Kwishura hanze Impano ku miryango nterankunga Mu bihugu byinshi, hariho imvange yuburyo butanu, ariko ibi biratandukana mubihugu ndetse nigihe kinini mubihugu. Usibye uburyo bwo gutera inkunga, ikibazo cyingenzi kigomba guhora ari amafaranga yo kwivuza. Mu ntumbero yo kugereranya, ibi bikunze kugaragazwa nkijanisha rya GDP ryakoreshejwe mubuvuzi. Mu bihugu bya OECD kuri buri $ $ 1000 yakoreshejwe mu kwivuza, icyizere cyo kubaho kigabanuka ku myaka 0.4. Isano nk'iryo igaragara mu isesengura ryakozwe buri mwaka na Bloomberg. Ikigaragara ni uko ubu bwoko bw'isesengura bufite amakosa kubera ko igihe cyo kubaho ari igipimo kimwe gusa cy'imikorere ya sisitemu y'ubuzima, ariko kimwe, igitekerezo cy'uko inkunga nyinshi ari nziza ntabwo gishyigikiwe. Mu mwaka wa 2011, inganda zita ku buzima zatwaye impuzandengo ya 9.3 ku ijana bya GDP cyangwa US $ 3,322 (PPP-yahinduwe) kuri buri muntu mu bihugu 34 bigize ibihugu bya OECD. Amerika (17.7%, cyangwa US $ PPP 8,508), Ubuholandi (11.9%, 5.099), Ubufaransa (11,6%, 4.118), Ubudage (11.3%, 4.495), Kanada (11.2%, 5669), n'Ubusuwisi (11) %, 5,634) ni bo bakoresheje amafaranga menshi, icyakora icyizere cyo kubaho mu baturage bose bavutse cyari kinini mu Busuwisi (imyaka 82.8), Ubuyapani n'Ubutaliyani (82.7), Espagne na Isilande (82.4), Ubufaransa (82.2) na Ositaraliya (82.0), mugihe impuzandengo ya OECD irenga imyaka 80 kunshuro yambere muri 2011: imyaka 80.1, inyungu yimyaka 10 kuva 1970. Amerika (imyaka 78.7) iri kumwanya wa 26 gusa mubihugu 34 bigize OECD, ariko ifite ibiciro byinshi kugeza ubu . Ibihugu byose bya OECD byageze ku buzima rusange (cyangwa hafi ya byose), usibye Amerika na Mexico. [35] (reba no kugereranya mpuzamahanga.) Muri Amerika, aho hafi 18% bya GDP bikoreshwa mu kwivuza, [34] Isesengura ry’ikigega cya Commonwealth cy’imikoreshereze n’ubuziranenge ryerekana isano iri hagati y’imiterere mibi n’ikoreshwa ryinshi. Ubuyobozi n'amabwiriza Hindura Reba kandi: Ibisabwa mubuzima bwumwuga Ubuyobozi nubuyobozi bwubuvuzi nibyingenzi mugutanga serivisi zubuzima. By'umwihariko, imikorere y’inzobere mu buzima n’imikorere y’ibigo nderabuzima ubusanzwe bigengwa n’ubuyobozi bw’igihugu cyangwa leta / intara binyuze mu nzego zibishinzwe zibishinzwe hagamijwe kwizeza ubuziranenge. Ibihugu byinshi bifite abakozi bafite ibyemezo mu nama ngenzuramikorere cyangwa mu ishami ry’ubuzima bandika ibyemezo cyangwa impushya z’abakozi b’ubuzima n’amateka y’akazi. Ikoranabuhanga mu makuru yubuzima Hindura Andi makuru: Ikoranabuhanga ryamakuru yubuzima, gucunga amakuru yubuzima, informatics yubuzima, eUbuzima, nikoranabuhanga ryubuzima Ikoranabuhanga ryamakuru yubuzima (HIT) ni "ikoreshwa ryogutunganya amakuru arimo ibyuma bya mudasobwa hamwe na software ikora mububiko, kugarura al, gusangira, no gukoresha amakuru yita ku buzima, amakuru, n'ubumenyi mu itumanaho no gufata ibyemezo. "[40] Ibigize ikoranabuhanga mu buzima: Ubuzima bwa elegitoroniki (EHR) - EHR ikubiyemo amateka y’ubuvuzi yuzuye y’umurwayi, kandi irashobora gushiramo inyandiko z’abatanga serivisi nyinshi. Ubuvuzi bwa elegitoroniki (EMR) - EMR ikubiyemo amakuru asanzwe y’ubuvuzi n’ubuvuzi yakusanyirijwe mu biro by’umuntu utanga serivisi. Ubuzima Bwihariye (PHR) - PHR ni amateka y’ubuvuzi bw’umurwayi abikwa wenyine, kugira ngo akoreshwe ku giti cye. Porogaramu yubuvuzi yubuvuzi (MPM) - yashizweho kugirango yorohereze imirimo ya buri munsi yo gukora ikigo nderabuzima. Azwi kandi nka progaramu yo gucunga imyitozo cyangwa sisitemu yo kuyobora imyitozo (PMS). Guhana amakuru ku buzima (HIE) - Guhana amakuru ku buzima bituma inzobere mu buvuzi n’abarwayi bashobora kubona neza kandi bagasangira neza amakuru y’ingenzi y’ubuvuzi y’umurwayi hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga. == Indangamurongo == [http://igihe.com] r62d10e84ixw5fkhemdbj3w5oh4jeh2 0 14724 133358 106154 2026-06-28T09:05:24Z InternetArchiveBot 9716 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 133358 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Match de VolleyBall.jpg|thumb|IPRC WVC]] '''IPRC WVC''' (Integrated Polytechnic Regional College women Volleyball Club) ni ikipe ya [[Umugore|bagore]] yegamiye yashizwe na IPRC, ikaba ikina imikino ya maboko ya volleyball itegurwa '''[[Ishyirahamwe ry'umukino wa Volleyball mu Rwanda|Ishyirahamwe ry'umukino wa Volleyball]]''' mu [[Rwanda]] (The Rwanda Volleyball Federation, [[FRVB]]). yitabiriye amarushanwa atandukanye nka : <ref>http://isimbi.rw/imyidagaduro/article/apr-wvc-na-gisgara-vc-zegukanye-agace-ka-mbere-ka-shampiyona</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://thedrum.rw/2022/06/06/gmt-reg-vc-yihimuye-kuri-gisagara-vc-rra-bikomeje-kwanga/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-03-07 |archive-date=2023-03-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230307153209/https://thedrum.rw/2022/06/06/gmt-reg-vc-yihimuye-kuri-gisagara-vc-rra-bikomeje-kwanga/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/imikino-11/volleyball/article/gisagara-vc-ikomeje-kuyobora-irushanwa-rya-volleyball-ryitiriwe-forzza-kvc-iryikuramo</ref><ref>https://radiotv10.rw/gisagara-vc-yatsinze-reg-vc-yegukana-igice-cya-mbere-cya-forzza-volleyball-tournament-2021/</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.thechoicelive.com/dore-ubukwe-10-bwabakinnyi-babanyarwanda-bwabaye-mu-2021 |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-03-07 |archive-date=2023-03-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230307153153/https://www.thechoicelive.com/dore-ubukwe-10-bwabakinnyi-babanyarwanda-bwabaye-mu-2021 |url-status=dead }}</ref> * Shampiyona y’[[Umugore|abagore]] mu volleyball. <ref>https://igihe.com/imikino/volleyball/article/reg-vc-na-apr-wvc-yegukanye-agace-ka-gatatu-ka-shampiyona-ya-volleyball-amafoto</ref><ref>https://www.ktpress.rw/2023/01/apr-women-volleyball-club-crowned-national-league-champions/</ref> * yitabiriye kandi Igikombe Cy’irushanwa Ry’ubutwari 2023, <ref>https://www.isimbi.rw/siporo/article/gisagara-vc-na-apr-zegukanye-ibikombe-intsinzi-ya-reg-na-rra-ntiyagira-icyo-izimarira-amafoto</ref> * irongera yitabira [[Irushanwa ry'Abasora neza|Irushanwa ry’Abasora neza]] muri Volleyball.<ref>https://www.isimbi.rw/siporo/article/amakipe-azitabira-irushanwa-ry-umusoreshwa-yamaze-kumenya-uko-agabanyije-mu-matsinda</ref><ref>https://inyarwanda.com/inkuru/126552/hamenyekanye-amakipe-azitabira-irushanwa-ryo-kwibuka-kayumba-emmanuel-126552.html</ref> === Amashakiro === [[Ikiciro:Siporo]] [[Ikiciro:Siporo ya volleyball]] brq7mif7rbv4tu5391qt96qsf8yf1lx 0 14730 133385 111641 2026-06-28T11:55:16Z InternetArchiveBot 9716 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 133385 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Family love comes with pure hearts.jpg|thumb|151x151px|Imibanire myiza murungano]] [[Dosiye:ASC Leiden - Rwanda 2021 - 012 - A title page of a book Ubushakashatsi mu Bumenyi, Evode Mukama & Laurent Nklusi- Kigali.jpg|thumb|Igitabo kivuga ku bushakashatsi mu bumenyi nyamuntu n'imibanire y'abantu.|207x207px]] [[Dosiye:Number 2 - Համար 2.png|thumb|139x139px]] ''Mu bihugu byakataje mu majyambere, usanga ubushakashatsi ari itara rimurikira ibikorwa by’amajyambere kandi bukaba n’umuyoboro w’iterambere rirambye haba mu bukungu, ubumenyi n’ikoranabuhanga, imibereho myiza y’abaturage, imiyoborere y’igihugu, umutekano n’ibindi.  '' == Tumenye Imibanire y'Abantu == [[Dosiye:Family love wiki014.jpg|thumb|163x163px|Imibanire myiza mumuryango]] ''Gukoresha ururimi abenegihugu bahuriyeho mu nzego zose – abashakashatsi, abanyeshuri n’abarimu, abafata ibyemezo, abaturage n’abandi bakenera ubushakashatsi cyangwa ibyabuvuyemo – bishobora gutuma hahangwa ubumenyi bwegereye abagenerwabikorwa, bakabugira ubwabo, bakabusangira kandi bakabusigasira.''<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.africanminds.co.za/ubushakashatsi-mu-bumenyi-nyamuntu-nimibanire-yabantu/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-03-07 |archive-date=2023-03-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230307175841/https://www.africanminds.co.za/ubushakashatsi-mu-bumenyi-nyamuntu-nimibanire-yabantu/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>''Kuba abashakashatsi bo mu bihugu bikiri mu nzira y’amajyamberere badakoresha cyane indimi zabo kavukire mu gukora ubushakashatsi no mu guhererekanya n’abandi ubumenyi bwavumbuwe hirya no hino ku isi bishobora kuba biri ku isonga mu bibangamira iterambere rirambye, ryihuta kandi rigera kuri benshi.'' == Icyo wamenya ku Imibanire y'Abantu == Umuntu uhora atongana n’abagize umuryango we, aba afite ibyago byo gupfa imburagihe. Abashakashatsi bo muri Kaminuza ya Copenhague basanze mu bantu 10.000 bapfuye imburagihe mu gihe cy’imyaka 11, abenshi ari ba bandi bahoraga batongana n’abagize umuryango. Ubwo bushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko gukemura ibibazo n’amakimbirane byo mu muryango “bishobora kugabanya umubare w’abantu bapfa imburagihe.<ref>https://www.jw.org/rw/isomero/amagazeti/nimukanguke-no2-2016-mata/inama-ku-mibanire-yabantu/</ref>Ubushakashatsi bwakorewe ku bantu 564 baherutse kurushinga muri leta ya Luwiziyana, bwagaragaje ko abantu bashwana bakirambagizanya bakongera bagasubirana, baba bafite ibyago byo gutandukana mu myaka itanu ya mbere y’ishyingiranwa ryabo. Nanone, barushaho kugirana amakimbirane kandi ntibagire ibyishimo. == Amashakiro == [[Ikiciro:Imibereho]] [[Ikiciro:Ibidukikije]] [[Ikiciro:Ubuzima]] 0t5xjc4ftz849yknj35bu2yvqsepwes 0 14758 133351 130213 2026-06-28T07:42:37Z InternetArchiveBot 9716 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 133351 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:L'attaque du pointu.jpg|thumb|Gisagara VC]] '''Gisagara VC''' ( Gisagara Volleyball Club ) cyangwa Gisagara Volleyball Club ni [[ikipe]] ya [[Umugabo|bagabo]] ikina imikino ya volleyball ibarizwa mu [[Akarere ka Gisagara|karere ka Gisakara]] mu [[Rwanda]]. Gisagara VC ikina imukino ya maboko wa volleyball muri shampiyona itegurwa n'[[Ishyirahamwe ry'umukino wa Volleyball mu Rwanda|Ishyirahamwe ry'umukino wa Volleyball]] mu [[Rwanda]] mu bagabo, [[FRVB]] (The Rwanda Volleyball Federation ). Gisagara VC yatwaye ibikombe bitandukanye nkaho iherutse gutwara. <ref>https://mobile.igihe.com/imikino/volleyball/article/gisagara-vc-na-rra-vc-zegukanye-ibikombe-muri-gisaka-open</ref><ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/imikino-11/volleyball/article/nyirimana-fidele-wari-umutoza-wa-gisagara-vc-yeguye</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://umuseke.rw/2023/03/nyirimana-fidele-yatandukanye-na-gisagara-vc/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-03-08 |archive-date=2023-03-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230308113820/https://umuseke.rw/2023/03/nyirimana-fidele-yatandukanye-na-gisagara-vc/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://www.ktpress.rw/2023/03/volleyball-gisagara-vc-coach-nyirimana-resigns/</ref><ref>https://www.the-sports.org/volleyball-gisagara-vc-results-identity-equ96186.html</ref><ref>https://inyarwanda.com/inkuru/124640/intambara-ya-gisagara-vc-na-reg-vc-yambukiranyije-umwaka-amafoto-124640.html</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://thedrum.rw/tag/gisagara-vc/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-03-08 |archive-date=2023-03-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230308113824/https://thedrum.rw/tag/gisagara-vc/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/148494/Sports/gisagara-vc-confirm-sibomana-signing</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.thechoicelive.com/volleyallgisagara-vc-yakoze-amateka-yegukana-umudari-mu-mikino-nyafurika |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-03-08 |archive-date=2023-03-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230308113828/https://www.thechoicelive.com/volleyallgisagara-vc-yakoze-amateka-yegukana-umudari-mu-mikino-nyafurika |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://bwiza.com/?Meya-Rutaburingoga-yemeza-ko-Gisagara-VC-itanga-icyizere-cy-iterambere-ry</ref> === Amarushanwa yo hanze y'igihugu === Gisagara volleyball club yitabiriye irushanwa rya AFRICAN VOLLEYBALL CLUBS CHAMPIONSHIPS Rihuza amakipe ya volleyball akomeye muri African === Intego yishimgwa rya Gisagara volleyball club === Gutoza no kuzamura Impano zabakiri bato. Guteza imbere Amarushanwa y'abakiri bato. Gutuma abatutage benci bashishikazwa na volleyball Kumenyekanisha akarere binyuze muri Volleyball Gisagara volleyball club yashinzwe murwego rwo kuzamura Impano murubyiruko rutuye Mu karere ka Gisagara [[Dosiye:Mikasa_VLS300_official_beach_volleyball.jpg|thumb|Umupira wa volleyball]] === Ibikombe === * [[Gisaka International Volleyball Tournament|'''Gisaka''' International Volleyball Tournament]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://muhaziyacu.rw/amakuru/kirehe-ikipe-ya-gisagara-vc-niya-rra-vc-ni-zo-zegukanye-gisaka-open/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-03-08 |archive-date=2023-03-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230306194606/https://muhaziyacu.rw/amakuru/kirehe-ikipe-ya-gisagara-vc-niya-rra-vc-ni-zo-zegukanye-gisaka-open/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.umusarenews.com/story/amakipe-ya-gisagara-vc-na-rra-vc-yegukanye-ibikombe-muri-gisaka-open |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-03-08 |archive-date=2023-03-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230307030212/https://www.umusarenews.com/story/amakipe-ya-gisagara-vc-na-rra-vc-yegukanye-ibikombe-muri-gisaka-open |url-status=dead }}</ref> * Shampiyona ya Volleyball mu mwaka w'imikino itandukanye 2016-2017 na 2017-2018.<ref>https://www.rwandamagazine.com/imikino/article/gisagara-vc-na-apr-wvc-zegukanye-agace-ka-mbere-ka-shampiyona-ya-volleyball</ref><ref>https://igihe.com/imikino/volleyball/article/gisagara-vc-na-apr-wvc-zegukanye-agace-ka-mbere-ka-shampiyona-muri-volleyball</ref> * Umwanya wa 3 muri shampiyona ya [[Afurika]] y'amakipe ya volleyball <ref>https://umuryango.rw/imyidagaduro/imikino/article/gisagara-vc-yakoze-amateka-muri-shampiyona-ya-afurika-y-amakipe</ref><ref>https://umuryango.rw/imyidagaduro/imikino/article/gisagara-vc-yakoze-amateka-muri-shampiyona-ya-afurika-y-amakipe</ref> * [[Forzza Volleyball Tournament]]<ref>https://radiotv10.rw/gisagara-vc-yatsinze-reg-vc-yegukana-igice-cya-mbere-cya-forzza-volleyball-tournament-2021/</ref> * [[Irushanwa ry’Intwari|irushanwa Ry’ubutwari]]<ref>https://www.isimbi.rw/siporo/article/bigoranye-reg-vc-yatsinze-gisagara-vc-yegukana-irushanwa-ry-intwari-amafoto</ref><ref>https://rushyashya.net/reg-vc-na-apr-wvc-begukanye-igikombe-cyirushanwa-ryubutwari-2023-mu-mukino-wa-volleyball/</ref> === Amashakiro === [[Ikiciro:Siporo]] [[Ikiciro:Siporo ya volleyball]] [[Ikiciro:Ikipe ya volleyball]] izkeg49y6ug0e07sbion75yrqh1bght 0 14804 133368 113176 2026-06-28T10:04:16Z InternetArchiveBot 9716 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 133368 wikitext text/x-wiki == Perezida wa Ukraine Volodymyr Zelenskyy yemeje ko intambara iri mu gihugu cye yatangijwe n’Uburusiya ishobora gukongeza intambara y’isi ya gatatu (WWIII). == Ni mu kiganiro yagiranye n’igitangazamakuru ABC cyo muri USA ku munsi w’ejo tariki 07 Werurwe 2022. Muri iki kiganiro Perezida Volodymr yagarutse ku ntambara iri kubera mu gihugu cye ikaba imaze gutwara ubuzima bw’inzirakarengane nyinshi. [[Dosiye:NATO_OTAN_landscape_logo.svg|thumb|NATO OTAN landscape logo]] [[Dosiye:Flag_of_the_United_States_(fixed).svg|thumb|Flag of the United States ]] Mu makuru yari ayobowe n’umunyamakuru David Muir  yaba jojo Perezida ikintu yumva ako kanya yabwira Perezida w’Uburusiya Vladimir Putin undi yemeza ko yamusaba guhagarika intambara. Ati” Ntekereza ko Vladimir Putin afite ubushobozi bwo guhagarika iyi ntambara yatangije” Volodymr yakomeje ashimangira ko nubwo Putin ahakana ko ariwe watangije ino ntambara agomba kuyihagarika. [[Dosiye:Vladimir_Putin_(2021-02-27).jpg|thumb|Vladimir Putin]] Ati”Nubwo iyi ntambara Putin atemera ko ariwe nyirabayazana agomba kumenya ikintu kimwe adakwiye no guhatana ni uko guhagarika intambara abifite mu biganza “ Aha niho Perezida wa Ukraine yabereye akomoza ku ntambara y’isi ya gatatu ndetse ko ibi yamaze kubiganiriza abayobozi b’ibihugu byo mu Burengerazuba. Ati” Nyizera ibi nabiganiriye n’abayobozi bo mu burengerazuba bw’isi ko iyi ntambara itazapfa kurangira gutyo gusa birashoboka ko yakoze n’intambara y’isi “ Volodymr kandi yongeye gusaba Putin ko bahura imbonankubone bakagirana ibiganiro bwite aho gukomeza bahabwa amakuru n’abandi bantu. Nkuko abasesenguzi muri politike babivuga bigaragagara ko Uburusiya bwifuza ibintu bitatu kugira ngo intambara ihagarare. Icya mbere nuko Ukraine itagomba kujya muri NATO , Icya kabiri nuko Ukraine ifite guha ubwigenge uduce tubiri aritwo Donetsk na Luhansk, icya nyuma Ukraine ifite kwemera ko agace ka Crimea yambuwe mu 2014 ubu kabaye igice cy’Uburusiya. Ibi Perezida Volodymr abibajijweho yasubije ko ikihutirwa ari inama y’igitaraganya naho ibindi byose byakemurwa. Kugeza ubu inama zihuza impande zombi zibaye inshuro eshatu ntihagire umwanzuro ufatika ugerwaho. Intambara igeze ku munsi wa 13 aho Uburusiya busumbirije Ukraine nubwo iri kwirwanaho bya hato na hato. == Indangamurongo == https://web.archive.org/web/20230309072610/https://www.thechoicelive.com/russia-ukraineperezida-wa-ukraine-yaciye-amarenga-yintambara-yisi-ya-gatatu-videwo f72puhezp88n5bezq6yp34rc9sl4pz8 0 15172 133347 107230 2026-06-28T07:21:23Z InternetArchiveBot 9716 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 133347 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Helsinki_Olympics_1952_(545-OS;_JOKAHBL3D_C01-203).tif|thumb|right|G.W Acquaceh ari kumwe na A.K Konuah mu mwaka wa 1952 muri Olimpike i Helisinki.]] '''George Wilson Acquaah''' (3 Ukwakira 1925 - 18 Ukuboza 1963) yari umukinnyi wo gusiganwa ku maguru wari wara bigize umwuga wa komokaga muri [[Gana]] witabiriye imikino Olempike 1952 .<ref>https://www.goodreads.com/author/list/161184.George_Acquaah</ref><ref>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3984-8327</ref><ref>https://www.thriftbooks.com/a/george-acquaah/335488/</ref><ref>https://www.fnac.com/ia2069708/George-Acquaah</ref><ref>https://www.mcphs.edu/en/directory/0034361</ref><ref>https://www.researchgate.net/scientific-contributions/George-Acquaah-2152445694</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.renaud-bray.com/Livre_Numerique_Produit.aspx?id=3289445&def=Principles+of+Plant+Genetics+and+Breeding%2CACQUAAH+%2C+GEORGE%2C9781119626343 |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-03-13 |archive-date=2023-03-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230313133826/https://www.renaud-bray.com/Livre_Numerique_Produit.aspx?id=3289445&def=Principles+of+Plant+Genetics+and+Breeding,ACQUAAH+,+GEORGE,9781119626343 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://www.abebooks.com/book-search/title/principles-crop-production-theory-techniques/author/george-acquaah/</ref> Mu 1952, George Acquaah yagaragaye nk'umwe mu bakinnyi barindwi bitabiriye Gold Coast mu mikino Olempike yaberaga mu murwa mukuru wa Finlande [[Helsinki]] . Mu bushyuhe bwa karindwi mu kwiruka metero 100 umusore wimyaka 26 yavanyweho akoresheje amasegonda 11.1 kumwanya wa gatanu. Mu bushyuhe bwa kabiri bwa metero 4 × 100 relay ikipe ya Gold Coast, hamwe na Acquaah nkuwiruka wa kabiri hamwe na Gabriel Laryea, John Owusu na Augustus Lawson, babonye umwanya wamasegonda 42.1 babashyira kumwanya wa kane, byongeye biganisha kuri an kurandura. == Reba == *   [[Ikiciro:Umukinnyi wa Gana]] fpjni2qmq2i3806ipj6iuta10knekvb 0 15501 133378 93437 2026-06-28T11:25:22Z InternetArchiveBot 9716 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 133378 wikitext text/x-wiki Hejuru y’umugezi wa Mwogo hubatswe ikiraro gica hejuru yawo kigahuza Akarere ka Nyanza n’Akarere ka Nyamagabe. Gifite uburebure bwa metero 150 kikaba gifite agaciro ka Miliyoni Frw 204. Kizafasha abaturage bagituriye( ku mpande zombi) bagera ku 1967 guhahirana.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://kiny.taarifa.rw/hubatswe-ikiraro-gihuza-nyanza-na-nyamagabe/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-03-21 |archive-date=2023-03-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230321185421/https://kiny.taarifa.rw/hubatswe-ikiraro-gihuza-nyanza-na-nyamagabe/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Akamaro == Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe na Bridges to Prosperity n’abarimu bo muri za Kaminuza bwagaragaje ko ahubatswe ibiraro umusaruro w’abaturage wazamutseho 20% kubera ubuhahirane no kongera umusaruro mu mirimo itandukanye ibimburiwe n’ubuhinzi. Uretse korohereza abakuru gucuruzanya kubera ko hari n’isoko riba mu Murenge wa Musange muri Nyamagabe ryitwa Isoko rya Masizi, kiriya kiraro gifasha abana kujya kwiga bitabagoye. Ubusanzwe bacaga mu gishanga bakagera yo biyanduje. Nyamagabe ni ku Umurenge Musange, Muri Nyanza Cyabakamyi.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |url=https://kiny.taarifa.rw/hubatswe-ikiraro-gihuza-nyanza-na-nyamagabe/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-03-21 |archive-date=2023-03-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230321185421/https://kiny.taarifa.rw/hubatswe-ikiraro-gihuza-nyanza-na-nyamagabe/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/amakuru/amakuru-mu-rwanda/article/amajyepfo-batashye-ikiraro-cyo-mu-kirere-cyatwaye-miliyoni-204frw</ref><ref>https://mobile.igihe.com/amakuru/u-rwanda/article/nyanza-hatashywe-ikiraro-cy-abanyamaguru-kirekire-muri-afurika-y-iburasirazuba</ref> == Ibindi == Ikiraro gihuza Nyanza na Nyamagabe cyatashwe muri mutarama 2023 cyubatswe ku masezerano y’ubufatanye hagati ya Bridges to Prosperity na Guverinoma y’u Rwanda, akaba yarasinywe mu mwaka wa 2019.<ref name=":0" /> == Reba == dhrqx60b67e1en57r298eew3pxwn0iv 0 15846 133340 121594 2026-06-28T05:56:37Z InternetArchiveBot 9716 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 133340 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:ElioCapradossi.jpeg|thumb|Elio Capradossi]] '''Elio Capradossi''' (wavutse ku ya 11 Werurwe 1996) ni umukinnyi ukina umupira w'amaguru wa bigize umwuga ukina nku mukinnyi ukina hagati muri ikipe ya Cagliari muri shampiyona ya seri B Yavukiye muri [[Ubugande|Uganda]], ni umukinnyi mpuzamahanga mu [[Ubutaliyani|Butaliyani]]. == Umwuga wa ikipe == Capradossi ni umwe mubazamukiye mu ishuri ryurubyiruko rya roma . Yatsindiye muri Shampiyona y'Ubutaliyani yabatarengeje imyaka 19 muri 2015–2016 hamwe n'ikipe ya batarengeje imyaka 19 ya [[Roma]] nka kapiteni w'ikipe. Mu mpeshyi 2016 yagurijwe muri Bari muri Seri B. Yatangiye shampiyona ku ya 24 Nzeri 2016 akina nk'umukinnyi wa tangiye umukino na Benevento kuri Stadio San Nicola . Muri Mutarama 2018, nyuma y'igihembwe ni gice yamaze i Bari, asubira i Roma . Ku ya 6 Gicurasi 2018, yakinnye bwa mbere na Roma mu mukino yatsinze Cagliari 1-0 hanze aho yakinnye mu 11 bantangiye mu kibuga. Ku ya 20 Nyakanga 2018, Capradossi yasinyiye ikipe ya Spezia yo muri Seri B ku nguzanyo kugeza ku ya 30 Kamena 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Capradossi on loan to Spezia |url=https://m.tuttomercatoweb.com/serie-b/ufficiale-spezia-arriva-capradossi-dalla-roma-1136670 |access-date=20 July 2018}}</ref> Ku ya 1 Kanama 2019, Capradossi yasinyanye na Seri B ikipe ya Spezia ku masezerano y'imyaka ine. <ref>{{Cite web |title=UFFICIALE: Spezia, preso Capradossi a titolo definitivo dalla Roma |url=https://m.tuttomercatoweb.com/serie-b/ufficiale-spezia-preso-capradossi-a-titolo-definitivo-dalla-roma-1275219 |access-date=1 August 2019}}</ref> Muri Kanama 2019, Capradossi yaguzwe na Spezia Calcio <ref>{{Cite web |date=1 August 2019 |title=Mercato: Elio Capradossi in maglia bianca |url=https://www.acspezia.com/news/mercato-elio-capradossi-torna-in-maglia-bianca.20372.html |language=Italian}}</ref> naho muri Nyakanga 2020 agira imvune ikomeye y’imitsi yimbere yabujije ibikorwa bye byo gukina mugi cya mezi icumi yakurikiye. Ku ya 23 Gicurasi 2021, umukino wa Speziana Roma kugaruka muri Seri A nyuma y'imyaka itatu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 May 2021 |title=Elio Capradossi dieci mesi dopo |url=https://www.cittadellaspezia.com/la-spezia/sport/elio-capradossi-dieci-mesi-dopo-335444.aspx |access-date=28 March 2023 |archive-date=14 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210614233219/https://www.cittadellaspezia.com/La-Spezia/Sport/Elio-Capradossi-dieci-mesi-dopo-335444.aspx |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ku ya 1 Nzeri 2022, Capradossi yasinyanye amasezerano y'imyaka ibiri na Cagliari . <ref>{{Cite web |date=1 September 2022 |title=Capradossi è del Cagliari |url=https://www.cagliaricalcio.com/news/ultimissime/22182/capradossi-e-del-cagliari-acquisto-a-titolo-definitivo |access-date=1 September 2022 |publisher=Cagliari |language=it |archive-date=1 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220901191815/https://www.cagliaricalcio.com/news/ultimissime/22182/capradossi-e-del-cagliari-acquisto-a-titolo-definitivo |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Umwuga mpuzamahanga == Hamwe n’Ubutaliyani yabatarengeje imyaka 17 yitabiriye Shampiyona y’abatarengeje imyaka 17 ya UEFA ndetse no mu gikombe cyisi cya FIFA yabatarengeje 17 muri 2013 . == Reba == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Umukinnyi wa Uganda]] c56cyhu9avcvy3vt2wdjr3upgxxx5jy 0 16019 133372 110359 2026-06-28T10:26:40Z InternetArchiveBot 9716 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 133372 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Champs de riz a m.jpg|thumb|Igishanga cya Nyagahembe]] Muri 2023 mu [[Akarere ka Nyamasheke|Karere ka Nyamasheke]] hazatangira ibikorwa byo kubungabunga inkengero z’umugezi wa Nyagahembe. Bizakorwa ku buso bwa Kilometero 36 buterweho  imigano, urubingo  n’ibiti bivangwa n’imyaka. bizaba ari igisubizo k’ugukumira amazi y’uyu mugezi yangizaga hegitari nyinshi z’umuceri bahahingaga.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |url=https://kiny.taarifa.rw/nyamasheke-inkengero-zigishanga-cya-nyagahembe-zifitiwe-umushinga/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-04-04 |archive-date=2023-04-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230404211030/https://kiny.taarifa.rw/nyamasheke-inkengero-zigishanga-cya-nyagahembe-zifitiwe-umushinga/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> === Ubuhinzi === Abahinzi b’iki gihingwa ngangurarugo kikaba na ngengabukungu iyo cyeze ari kinshi kikagemurirwa amahanga bari baherutse kubwira itangazamakuru ko Minisiteri y’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi yababeshye kuzagitunganya bagategereza bagaheba.<ref name=":0" /> === Umushinga === [[Dosiye:Saint Maurice 059a.jpg|thumb]] Koperative yabo  igizwe n’abanyamuryango 179, Bavuga ko iyo habaye umwuzure, igishanga kikuzura, imyaka yabo ikangirika bahomba kandi na Leta ntigire icyo ibamarira mu kubashumbusha. Ikibabaje kurushaho ni uko basanzwe bishyura ubwishingizi, Tuzatangira kurwanya isuri mu mabanga y’imisozi yose ikikije igishanga cya Nyagahembe ku buso bwa hegitari 80. Hazakorwaho amaterasi y’indinganire hacukurweho imirwanyasuri ndetse haterwe n’ibiti ndumburabutaka bivangwa n’imyaka ndetse n’urubingo. Politiki y’ubuhinzi ya Guverinoma y’u [[Rwanda]] kuri paji yayo ya 231 ivuga ko mu gutunganya ibishanga no kuhira hari gahunda yo gufasha abahinzi kubona ibikoresho byo kwifashisha bakabyishyura buhoro buhoro ku mafaranga make kuzageza babyegukanye.<ref name=":0" /> == Amashakiro == [[Ikiciro:Ibishanga]] p7j7sgrz3u1e3d8furorwq250eu9do0 0 16047 133296 94631 2026-06-27T14:07:42Z B.Scalling 15089 133296 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jean-Bertrand Baleckita''' (Ku ya 6 Mutarama 1948) ni umukinnyi ukina [[umupira w'amaguru]] ukomoka muri [[Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo|Repuburika Iharanaira Demokarasi ya congo]] wavukiye i Brazzaville muri Afurika ekwatoriyare . Akina nka rutahizamu . Abavandimwe be Serge-Simon Balekita-Nzaba na Ferdinand nabo ni abakinnyi b'[[umupira w'amaguru]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=F. Kimina-Makumbu |date=3 avril 2011 |title=Nécrologie : Balékita-Nzaba "Kargu" s'en est allé ! |url=http://www.starducongo.com/Necrologie-Balekita-Nzaba-Kargu-s-en-est-alle-_a3435.html |access-date=25 avril 2014 |website=starducongo.com |publisher=La Semaine Africaine}}</ref> . == Ubuzima == Jean-Bertrand Balekita yegukanye igikombe cya Afurika muri 1972 , <ref>{{Cite web |last=Hervé Brice Mampouya |date=26 avril 2012 |title=Football : les Diables rouges du Congo à la recherche de leur glorieux passé |url=http://angongaj2011.wordpress.com/2012/04/26/football-les-diables-rouges-du-congo-a-la-recherche-de-leur-glorieux-passe/ |access-date=25 avril 2014 |website=angongaj2011.wordpress.com}}</ref> . Yarushanwe nyuma y'imyaka ibiri mu marushanwa yo muri 1974 yasohotse <ref>{{Cite web |last=Barrie Courtney |date=22 août 2013 |title=African Nations Cup 1974 - Final Tournament Details |url=http://www.rsssf.com/tables/74a-det.html |access-date=25 avril 2014 |website=rsssf.com |language=en}}</ref> . Amaze gukura nk'[[umupira w'amaguru]], yinjiye mu gisirikare maze aba umukoloneli kandi akora ku mwanya wa attaché wa gisirikare kuri ambasade ya [[Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo|Repuburika Iharanaira Demokarasi ya congo]] muri [[Kubandwa no Guterekera|kuba]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Guy-Saturnin Mahoungou |date=14 mars 2012 |title=Football : Que sont devenus les Diables Rouges: héros de Yahoundé 72 |url=http://lasemaineafricaine.net/index.php/sabonner/images/pdf/3216.pdf |access-date=25 avril 2014 |website=lasemaineafricaine.net |archive-date=2016-03-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303170204/http://lasemaineafricaine.net/index.php/sabonner/images/pdf/3216.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> . == Reba == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Umukinnyi wa Congo]] fdi3e9g65fs6ci3sc8s48jm89gl5oj7 0 16536 133297 95116 2026-06-27T14:18:40Z B.Scalling 15089 133297 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Footballeur|nom=Pépin Bakekolo|nom de naissance=|date de naissance={{date|9|2|1965|en football|âge=oui}}|lieu de naissance=[[Pointe-Noire (république du Congo)|Pointe-Noire]]|nationalité={{CGO-d}} [[République du Congo|Congolais (RC)]]|taille=1,75 m|club actuel=|position=[[Attaquant (football)|Attaquant]]|parcours pro={{parcours pro |[[1979 en football|1979]]-[[1983 en football|1983]] |{{CGO-d}} [[Association Sportive des Cheminots|AS Cheminots]] | |[[1983 en football|1983]]-[[1987 en football|1987]]|{{nobr|{{CGO-d}} [[Diables noirs (football)|Diables-Noirs de Brazzaville]]}}| |[[1987 en football|1987]]-[[1989 en football|1989]]| {{FRA-d}} [[Le Puy Foot 43 Auvergne|CO Le Puy]]|28 (5) |[[1989 en football|1989]]-[[1991 en football|1991]]| {{FRA-d}} [[Montluçon football|EDS Montluçon]] | |[[1992 en football|1992]]-199?| {{FRA-d}} [[Football Club de Saint-Leu|FC Saint-Leu]]| }}|sélection nationale={{parcours national |[[1981 en football|1981]]-[[1993 en football|1993]]|{{CGO football}}| }}}} {| class="infobox_v2 noarchive" | colspan="3" class="entete footballblack" style="background-color:#99cc99;color:#000000;" |Pépin Bakekolo |- ! colspan="3" style="padding:4px; text-align:center; background-color:#99cc99; color:#000000" |ubuzima |- ! scope="row" |Ubwenegihugu | colspan="2" |<span class="flagicon">[[Dosiye:Flag_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg|link=Fichier:Flag_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg|alt=|border|class=noviewer|20x20px|Ibendera: Congo Brazzaville]]</span> [[Kongo|kongo (RC)]] |- ! scope="row" |Amavuko | colspan="2" |<time datetime="1965-02-09" class="nowrap date-lien" data-sort-value="1965-02-09">9 gashyantare 1965</time> <span class="noprint">(58)</span> <br /><br />Pointe-Noire |- ! scope="row" |uburebure | colspan="2" |1,75 |- ! scope="row" |umwanya | colspan="2" |rutahizamu |- ! colspan="3" style="padding:4px; text-align:center; background-color:#99cc99; color:#000000" |^umwuga1 |- |'''umwaka''' |'''ikipe''' |ib |- | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;color:#3;" | |- | class="data" |1979-1983 | class="data" |<span class="flagicon">[[Dosiye:Flag_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg|link=Fichier:Flag_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg|alt=|border|class=noviewer|20x20px|Ibendera: Congo Brazzaville]]</span> AS Cheminots |- | class="data" |1983-1987 | class="data" |<span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon">[[Dosiye:Flag_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg|link=Fichier:Flag_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg|alt=|border|class=noviewer|20x20px|Ibendera: Congo Brazzaville]]</span> Diables-Noirs de Brazzaville</span> |- | class="data" |1987-1989 | class="data" |<span class="flagicon">[[Dosiye:Flag_of_France.svg|link=Fichier:Flag_of_France.svg|alt=|border|class=noviewer|20x20px|Ibendera: Ubufaransa]]</span> CO Le Puy | class="data" |28 (5) |- | class="data" |1989-1991 | class="data" |<span class="flagicon">[[Dosiye:Flag_of_France.svg|link=Fichier:Flag_of_France.svg|alt=|border|class=noviewer|20x20px|Ibendera: Ubufaransa]]</span> EDS Montluçon |- | class="data" |1992-199? | class="data" |<span class="flagicon">[[Dosiye:Flag_of_France.svg|link=Fichier:Flag_of_France.svg|alt=|border|class=noviewer|20x20px|Ibendera: Ubufaransa]]</span> FC Saint-Leu |- ! colspan="3" style="padding:4px; text-align:center; background-color:#99cc99; color:#000000" |^{ikipe y'igihugu2} |- |'''umwaka''' |'''ikipe''' |ib |- | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;color:#3;" | |- | class="data" |1981-1993 | class="data" |<span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon">[[Dosiye:Flag_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg|link=Fichier:Flag_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg|alt=|border|class=noviewer|20x20px|Ibendera: Congo Brazzaville]]</span> Congo</span> |} '''Pépin Bakekolo''', uzwi ku izina rya "Kwakara", (Yavutse Ku ya 9 Gashyantare 1965) ni [[Umupira w’amaguru|umukinnyi w'umupira]] w'amaguru ukomoka muri congo . Murumuna we Frédéric na we yari umukinnyi mpuzamahanga <ref>{{Cite web |last=Hervé Brice Mampouya |date=15 janvier 2015 |title=Congo-Brazzaville: L'histoire des Diables rouges en CAN contée |url=http://fr.allafrica.com/stories/201501151445.html |access-date=4 janvier 2017}}.</ref> Bakekolo Kwakara yatangiye umwuga we muri Pointe-Noire muri Association Sportive des Cheminots, mbere yo kwinjira muri Diables-Noirs ya Brazzaville muri 1983. Igitero gikomeye, cyihuta kandi cya tekiniki, dribbler nziza, umukino we watumye aba umwe mu bakinnyi bakunzwe cyane bo muri congo mu myaka ya za mi 1980. Umwuga we mu [[Ubufaransa|Bufaransa]] kuva muri 1987 (Le Puy, Saint-Leu, Montluçon) ariko ntibyatangaje. Umutoza w'igihugu wicyo gihe ntabwo amugumana mu makipe atonganya CAN muri 1992 <ref>{{Cite web |last=Hervé Brice Mampouya |date=3 septembre 2014 |title=Football : Pépin Bakekolo Kwakara revient au bercail |url=http://adiac-congo.com/content/football-pepin-bakekolo-kwakara-revient-au-bercail-19529 |access-date=4 janvier 2017 |website=adiac-congo.com}}.</ref> . Yatsindiye Igikombe cya Kongo muri 1982. == Reba == {{Reflist}} == amahuza yo hanze == * Ressource relative au sport : ** FootballDatabase   [[Ikiciro:Umukinnyi wa Congo]] tj7c5m7bfi79w37mztf9ppg2353txut 0 16742 133382 104414 2026-06-28T11:44:59Z InternetArchiveBot 9716 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 133382 wikitext text/x-wiki muri [[African Jim|Africa]] muri rusange ikoranabuhanga riri muri bimwe birimo kwitabwaho kuko ikoranabuhanga [[Dosiye:Technologie.jpg|thumb|ikoranabuhanga]] ni kimwe mu byihuisha iterambere haba kugihugu ubwacyo cyanga ku baturage bagituye == Smart Africa == Inama ya Transform Africa ihuriza hamwe nibura abageraa ku bihumbi bibiri (2000) ikaba kimwe mu bikorwa bikomeye ku [[Afurika|mugabane w'Afurika]] gihuza abayobozi mu rwego rw’Isi n’akarere, baba abaturutse muri za guverinoma, imiryango mpuzamahanga, abakora ubucuruzi bigira hamwe uko abaturage bagendana n’impinduka zizanwa n’ikoranabuhanga no kuriteza Imbere.<ref>https://igihe.com/ikoranabuhanga/article/perezida-kagame-yitabiriye-inama-ya-transform-africa-muri-zimbabwe</ref> Kugeza ubu abarenga 15000 bamaze kwitabira Transform Africa kuva 2013 yatangira, baturutse mu bihugu birenga 1122 bose barajwe inshinga no kugira [[Afurika]] igicumbi cy’ikoranabuhanga. iyi nama ifite intego yo guhindura ikoranabuhanga ishingiro ry'iterambere n'imibereho myiza, kugeza abantu ku ikoreshwa ry’ikoranabuhanga cyane cyane hakoreshejwe umuyoboro mugari w'itumanaho (broadband), gushyira imbere urwego rw’abikorera mu ikoranabuhanga, no kubakira iterambere rirambye ku ikoranabuhanga.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.isangostar.rw/ikoranabuhanga-ni-umusemburo-wubukungu-niterambere-rya-afurika-perezida-paul-kagame |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-06-06 |archive-date=2023-06-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230606124307/https://www.isangostar.rw/ikoranabuhanga-ni-umusemburo-wubukungu-niterambere-rya-afurika-perezida-paul-kagame |url-status=dead }}</ref> ==== Ingamba nshya za Transform Africa 2023 ==== iyi nama kuri ino ncuro izibanda kungingo nyamukuru zijyanye no kureba umuhate ibihugu bya Africa mu kwihutisha gahunda yo kwimakaza ikoranabuhanga, umwaka wa 2023 ni umwaka wo kugaragazamo ko [[African Jim|Africa]] agize impinduka mubijyanye no gukoresha ikoranabuhanga,Izasuzumirwamo politiki n’ingamba z[[Afurika|’ibihugu bya Afurika]] mu bijyanye n’ikoreshwa rya internet mu bindi bikoresho (Internet of Things: IoT) guteza imbere ubwenge bw’ubukorano (AI) no kwimakaza ikoreshwa rya za drones n’izindi robots mu mirimo itandukanye.<ref>https://igihe.com/ikoranabuhanga/article/perezida-kagame-yitabiriye-inama-ya-transform-africa-muri-zimbabwe</ref> iyi nama kandi izigirwamo uburyo ibihugu by'[[African Jim|Africa]] byateza imbere gahunda zo gutanga service z'imari hifashishijwe Ikoranabuhanga, guha imbaraga ubwikorezi bwibanda ku ngufu zitangiza ibidukikije n’izindi serivisi zishyira ku ntego yo kugira [[Afurika]] isoko rimwe mu bijyanye n’ikoranabuhanga bitarenze mu 2030.<ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/ikoranabuhanga/ubumenyi/article/abafite-ikoranabuhanga-bose-basabwa-kwitabira-gahunda-ya-africa-cdc</ref> [[Dosiye:Teachers are trained in ICT at CBCE (5017359996).jpg|thumb|ICT]] ==== Transform Africa mu Rwanda ==== mu mwaka wa 2019 iyi nama igamije iterambere ry'africa binyuze mu ikoranabuhanga yabereye mu [[Rwanda Nziza|Rwanda]] aho ari nabwo hagaragayemo kunshuro yambere Robot ya Sophia igeze mu [[Rwanda]] aho agaragaje udushya twinci dutandukanyye nko kumwenyura, kwitegereza ikamenya abantu, nibindi.<ref>https://ar.umuseke.rw/u-rwanda-rwaje-mu-bihugu-5-byambere-bya-africa-muri-ict.hmtl</ref> ===== Imbogamizi ku ikoranabuhanga muri Africa ===== Inama yiga ku guteza ikoranabuhanga imbere muri [[African Jim|Africa]] agaragaje ko hakiri imbogamizi zitari nkeya bagaragaje ko hari ibihugu byateye imbere muri [[African Jim|Africa]] ariko hakaba hari nibindi bikiri inyyuma,, aho bavugako hari nkibikorwa <ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/ubukungu/ubucuruzi/article/hagaragajwe-ibikibangamiye-ihererekanya-ry-amafaranga-ku-ikoranabuhanga-muri-afurika</ref>bikiddindiye nko guhererekenya amafaranga hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga kuko bihenze cyane,bahamagarira ibihugu by'Africa mu kwigiranaho no gufatanya mugushyiraho Politike zifasha kwihutisha ikoranabuhanga rifite akamaro kanini muguhererekanyya amafaranga na kimwe mubyakoroshya ubucuruzi muri [[African Jim|Africa]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.ktradio.rw/2022/10/28/hagaragajwe-ibikibangamiye-ihererekanya-ryamafaranga-ku-ikoranabuhanga-muri-afurika/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-06-06 |archive-date=2023-06-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230606124316/https://www.ktradio.rw/2022/10/28/hagaragajwe-ibikibangamiye-ihererekanya-ryamafaranga-ku-ikoranabuhanga-muri-afurika/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> ====== Soma hano ====== bjf0evuicfmuov24eheyl0rch63ue7c 0 16823 133369 122161 2026-06-28T10:10:48Z InternetArchiveBot 9716 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 133369 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Tea plantation Rwanda.jpg|thumb|'''Icyayi''']] [[Dosiye:Camellia sinensis in Bao Loc.jpg|thumb|Icyayi]] [[Dosiye:Gusarura icyayi mumurima.jpg|thumb]] [[Dosiye:Camellia sinensis 2.jpg|thumb]] [[Dosiye:Tea with saucer as served in Pakistan.jpg|thumb|icyayi cya pakisitani]] U [[Rwanda]] rwohereje mu mahanga icyayi cya miliyari zirenga ebyiri z’amafaranga y’u [[Rwanda]] mu cyumweru, ni mu gihe [[ikawa]] yoherejwe yinjiza miliyoni zirenga 170Frw. == Ibyo wamenya == Imibare yatangajwe n’Ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe guteza imbere ibyoherezwa mu mahanga bikomoka ku buhinzi n’ubworozi .Imibare ya NAEB kandi yerekana ko icyayi cyoherejwe mu mahanga mu cyumweru kingana na toni 855.4, cyinjiza 2.244.830 z’amadolari ni ukuvuga arenga miliyari 2Frw. Impuzandengo ku kilo yari amadolari 2.6, kikaba cyaroherejwe cyane muri Pakistan n’u [[Ubwongereza|Bwongereza]]. <ref>https://mobile.igihe.com/ubukungu/article/u-rwanda-rwohereje-mu-mahanga-icyayi-cya-miliyari-zirenga-2frw-mu-cyumweru</ref>Mu cyumweru u [[Rwanda]] rwohereza mumahanga icyayi cya miliyari zirenga ebyiri z'amafranga y'u [[Rwanda]].Ibihugu byoherejwemo icyayi cyinshi cy’u [[Rwanda]] ni [[Pakisitani|Pakistan]], [[Misiri]], u [[Ubwongereza|Bwongereza]], Kazakhstan, [[Sudani|Sudan]] na [[Afuganisitani|Afghanistan]]. Mu mwaka wa 2021 icyayi cyacurujwe mu mahanga cyari ibilo 510.016, byavuyemo $1.322.965. == Ibiciro uko byari byifashe == Igiciro fatizo cy’icyayi ariko cyongeye kugabanuka, kiva ku $2.7 ikilo cyagurwagaho kigera ku $2.5 ku kilo. Mu cyumweru cyabanje nabwo igiciro fatizo ku kilo cyari cyagabanutseho 0.36%. <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://kiny.taarifa.rw/ikawa-u-rwanda-rwohereje-mu-mahanga-yazamutse-145/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-06-08 |archive-date=2023-06-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230606035143/https://kiny.taarifa.rw/ikawa-u-rwanda-rwohereje-mu-mahanga-yazamutse-145/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>Ugereranyije ingano y’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga n’inyungu yavuyemo byazamutse 145% na 111.8% nk’uko bikurikirana. Igiciro fatizo cyo cyaragabanyutse kiva ku $3.7 ku kilo mu cyumweru cyabanje kigera ku $3.2.ingano y’ikawa y’u Rwanda yoherejwe mu mahanga mu cyumweru yazamutse ku 145%, inyungu yavuyemo izamukaho 111.8%. == Amashakiro == [[Ikiciro:Ubucuruzi]] [[Ikiciro:Icyayi]] [[Ikiciro:Ikawa]] 0nvtmt2fla9qrz3mjq88r2p5ngis3e9 0 16827 133383 112558 2026-06-28T11:47:51Z InternetArchiveBot 9716 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 133383 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:String beans.jpg|thumb|Imiteja]] [[Dosiye:Stringing beans for drying. The dried beans are known as leather britches (shucky beans).jpg|thumb|Imiteja injya hanze.]] [[Dosiye:Salad greens and vegetables - Cambridge, MA.jpg|thumb|imboga rwatsi]] [[Dosiye:Kleinmarkthalle Frankfurt Gemüsestand.jpg|thumb]] Imboga, imbuto n’indabo zoherezwa mu mahanga mu cyumweru zingana na toni 410.2, zinjiza 676.057 y’amadolari. == Tumenye Imboga zoherezwa mu mahanga == Imboga,imbuto n'indabo zoherezwa mu mahanga mu cyumweru zingana na toni 410.2, zinjiza angana na 676.057 y'amadolari, ni ukuvuga koi kilo kimwe cyagurwaga amadolari 1.6 mu bihugu bya Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya [[Kongo|Congo]] (RDC), Leta zunze Ubumwe z’Abarabu, u [[Ubuholandi|Buholandi]], u [[Ubufaransa|Bufaransa]] n’u [[Ubudage|Budage]] .Ibinyampeke n’ibinyamisogwe byagurishijwe mu mahanga byinjije 1.365.943$ naho ibinyabijumba byinjiza 81.854$.<ref>https://mobile.igihe.com/ubukungu/article/u-rwanda-rwohereje-mu-mahanga-icyayi-cya-miliyari-zirenga-2frw-mu-cyumweru</ref> Ibindi bihingwa nka pulse byinjije 45.005$ mu gihe ibinyamavuta byinjije 30.690$. Imibare yatangajwe n’Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe guteza imbere ibyoherezwa mu mahanga bikomoka ku buhinzi n’ubworozi, NAEB, kuri uyu wa Mbere tariki 29 Gicurasi 2023. == Icyo imibare igaragaza == Mu mwaka wa 2021 imboga, imbuto n’indabo byoherejwe nabyo byarazamutse, kuko mu hoherejwe ibilo 351.895 byavuyemo $1.031.579 mu gihe cyabanje hoherejwe ibilo 271.329 byavuyemo $889.256,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://kiny.taarifa.rw/ikawa-u-rwanda-rwohereje-mu-mahanga-yazamutse-145/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-06-08 |archive-date=2023-06-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230606035143/https://kiny.taarifa.rw/ikawa-u-rwanda-rwohereje-mu-mahanga-yazamutse-145/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> ingano y’ibyoherejwe n’inyungu yavuyemo byazamutse 29.6% na 16% nk’uko bikurikirana, ugereranyije n’icyumweru cyabanje. Ibihugu byoherejwemo cyane ni u [[Ububiligi|Bubiligi]], u [[Ubuholandi|Buholandi,]] Repubulika ya Demokarasi ya [[Kongo|Congo]], u [[Uburusiya|Burusiya]] n’u [[Ubwongereza|Bwongereza]]. == Amashakiro == [[Ikiciro:Ubucuruzi]] [[Ikiciro:Imboga]] [[Ikiciro:Imbuto]] [[Ikiciro:Indabo]] kimszvh4w1613qat3r5ayhuuea57k4e 0 16859 133322 108762 2026-06-28T01:24:32Z InternetArchiveBot 9716 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 133322 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="wikitable infobox vcard" | colspan="2" class="infobox-image logo" |[[File:Allan_Gray_logo.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Allan_Gray_logo.svg|200x200px]] |- ! scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 0.5em;" |Igihe Yashinzwe | class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35em;" |1973<span class="noprint">&#x3B;&#x20;imyaka 50&nbsp;ishize</span><span style="display:none">&nbsp;(<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1973</span>)</span> |- ! scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 0.5em;" |Uwa yishinze | class="infobox-data agent" style="line-height: 1.35em;" |[[:en:Allan_Gray_(investor)|Allan W.B Gray]] |- ! scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 0.5em;" |<div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; ">Ibihugu ikoreramo</div> | class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35em;" |[[Afurika y’Epfo|Afurika y'epfo]], [[Namibiya]] na [[Botswana]] |- ! scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 0.5em;" |<div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; ">Abantu bingenzi</div> | class="infobox-data agent" style="line-height: 1.35em;" |Mahesh Cooper (Umuyobozi mukuru ushinzwe ibikorwa), Duncan Artus (Umuyobozi mukuru ushinzwe ishoramari), Ian Liddle (Umuyobozi mukuru) |- ! scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 0.5em;" |Ibikorwa | class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35em;" |Itsinda ry'ibikorwa by'ubucuruzi buranguza, Ibikorwa byerekeranye n'izabukuru |- ! scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 0.5em;" |[[:en:Assets_under_management|AUM]] | class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35em;" |[[:en:South_African_rand|R]]322.5&nbsp;miliyari (31 Ukuboza, 2021) |- ! scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 0.5em;" |Urubuga rwa murandasi | class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35em;" |[https://www.allangray.co.za/ https://www.allangray.co.za] |} [[Dosiye:Allan Gray Investments.jpg|thumb|Ikirango cya Allan Gray]] '''Allan Gray''' ni sosiyete ikora ibikorwa byo gukurikirana ishoramari ikaba ikomoka muri [[Afurika y’Epfo|Afurika yepfo]]. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Carrington |first=Damian |last2=Barr |first2=Caelainn |title=Coal crash: how pension funds face huge risk from climate change |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2015/jun/15/coal-crash-how-pension-funds-face-huge-risk-from-climate-change |website=The Guardian}}</ref> Iyi sosiyete ifite kandi ibiro biherereye mu bihugu bitandukanye nka [[Botswana]], [[Namibiya]] na [[Eswatini]], kandi ikomeza gushimangira umubano wa hafi n’amasosiyete ya ''Orbis Investment Management'' na Allan Gray yo muri [[Ositaraliya]]. Abakiriya bayo barimo ibigo bikora ishoramari, abashoramari ku giti cyabo, amasosiyete y'ubwishingizi, ibigo bitanga umutungo ukabyazwa umusaruro mu buryo bw'ikizere, fondasiyo n'ibigo by'amahanga. == Amateka == Umujyanama mu ishoramari Allan Gray yashinzwe mu kwezi kwa Ukwakira mu mwaka wa 1973 ishingwa na Allan WB Gray. Ikigo cyabashije kubona umukiriya wacyo wa mbere mu mwaka wa 1974. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nsehe |first=Mfonobong |title=The 10 Greatest Living Business Leaders In Africa Today |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/mfonobongnsehe/2012/08/07/the-10-greatest-living-business-leaders-in-africa-today-2/ |website=Forbes}}</ref> Mu mwaka wa 1989, Gray yashyizeho Orbis Investment Management, ikaba ari sosiyete mpuzamahanga ishinzwe ishoramari. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Christy |first=John |title=Unsung outperformers |url=https://www.forbes.com/global/2001/0820/036.html |website=Forbes}}</ref> Ikigo cyashinzwe kandi gihindura izina cyitwa Allan Gray Limited mu mwaka wa 1992. <ref>{{Cite web |title=About Us |url=http://www.allangray.co.za/AboutUs.aspx#history |website=Allan Gray}}</ref> Mu mwaka wa 1996, iki kigo cyafunguye ibiro mu mujyi wa Windhoek, mu gihugu cya [[Namibiya]]. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Allan Gray Namibia brings new investment offerings |url=https://www.newera.com.na/2014/05/21/allan-gray-namibia-brings-investment-offerings/ |website=New Era}}</ref> Mu mwaka wa 1998, ikigo cyatangiye gutanga ibicuruzwa byerekeranye no kuranguza ibikorwa by'ishoramari. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Heystek |first=Magnus |title=85 billion shades of Gray |url=http://www.moneyweb.co.za/archive/85-billion-shades-of-gray/ |website=Moneyweb}}</ref> Ibindi biro byashinzwe mu mujyi wa Gaborone, mu gihugu cya [[Botswana]] mu mwaka wa 2004. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Allan Gray Botswana offers SA unit trusts |url=http://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?sid=4&aid=998&dir=2011/February/Thursday17 |website=Mmegi}}</ref> == Ibikorwa == [[Dosiye:CapeTown CityHall.jpg|thumb|Umujyi wa Cape town sosiyete ya Allan gray ifitemo icyicaro gikuru]] Allan Gray ikora ishoramari mu bihugu bigize umugabane w'[[Afurika]] kandi ikaba ikoresha abakozi barenga 1.000. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Shari |first=Michael |title=A Top African Hedge Fund Is Buying Markets Others Are Deserting |url=http://www.barrons.com/articles/a-top-african-hedge-fund-is-buying-markets-others-are-deserting-1419652721 |website=Barrons}}</ref> Icyicaro gikuru cyayo giherereye i Cape Town, mu Karere ka Silo V&A Waterfront. Silo One, icyicaro gikuru, niyo yambere muri Afrika yepfo yahawe amanota yo mu cyiciro cy'inyenyeri esheshatu mu kurengera ibidukikije, yagihawe n'ikigo gishinzwe inyubako zirengera ibidukikije cyo muri [[Afurika y’Epfo|Afrika y'epfo]]. <ref>{{Cite web |title=SA’s brightest green stars are honoured |url=https://www.gbcsa.org.za/news_post/sas-brightest-green-stars-are-honoured/ |website=Green Building Council SA |access-date=2023-06-09 |archive-date=2018-01-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180114030524/https://www.gbcsa.org.za/news_post/sas-brightest-green-stars-are-honoured/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Gutanga ishoramari == Abashoramari bacuruza bashobora gushora imari mu mahitamo atandukanye atangwa na Allan Gray aho abashoramari bahitamo ibice byizerwa binyuze mu bicuruzwa bitandukanye byishoramari. <ref>{{Cite web |title=All investment options |url=https://www.allangray.co.za/what-we-offer/investing-with-us/ |url-status=live |access-date=11 November 2022 |website=Allan Gray}}</ref> Umuyobozi ushinzwe ishoramari muri iki gihe atanga ishoramari ryibanze, ishoramari ridasoreshwa, ishoramari ryo hanze, amafaranga yizabukuru, amafaranga yo mu kigega cyo kubungabunga, amafaranga yo kubaho hamwe n'impano. Abashoramari b'ibigo bashobora guhitamo gushora imari mu cyiciro cy'ishoramari ryo kwizerana aho batanga imitungo bakayibabyariza inyungu, ubuzima bwahujwe n'ubuzima butandukanye hamwe n'inshingano zitandukanye, bitewe n'ubwoko bw'ikigo n'ubunini bw'ishoramari ryabo. [[Dosiye:Miles Gray Road, Basildon - geograph.org.uk - 3092101.jpg|thumb|329x329px|headquarter of Allan gray in Texas]] Allan Gray igira uburyo itanga kandi ibisubizo cyangwa uburyo bwo kuzigama mu matsinda kubakoresha binyuze mu kigega cy’izabukuru cya Allan Gray Umbrella hamwe n’umwaka wa pansiyo ya Allan Gray. == Ishoramari == Imbaraga z’ishoramari rya Allan Gray rigenewe kugira uruhare muri sosiyete izerekeza kuri Fondasiyo ya Allan Gray Orbis na E Squared, aho iba ifite intego yo kwigisha ba rwiyemezamirimo ndetse no kubaha inkunga. Fondasiyo iterwa inkunga n’impano ngarukamwaka ihoraho ya 5% y’inyungu ya Allan Gray Proprietary Limited itanga mbere y’imisoro <ref>{{Cite web |title=Foundation Partners |url=http://www.allangrayorbis.org/about-us/partners/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150801003550/http://www.allangrayorbis.org/about-us/partners/ |archive-date=2015-08-01 |access-date=2015-09-14 |website=Allan Gray Orbis Foundation}}</ref> hamwe na miliyoni 150&nbsp;z'amadorali yatanzwe na Allan WB Gray. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nsehe |first=Mfonobong |title=Five Notable African Philanthropists |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/mfonobongnsehe/2011/08/05/five-notable-african-philanthropists/3/ |website=Forbes}}</ref> E Squared ifite 20% byímigabane muri Allan Gray Limited. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Background |url=http://www.esquared.org.za/background.php |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150312052328/http://www.esquared.org.za/background.php |archive-date=2015-03-12 |access-date=2015-09-14 |website=E2}}</ref> == Nyirubwite == Inyungu igenzurwa muri Allan Gray ifitwe ubuziraherezo na Allan & Gill Gray Foundation. Abandi banyamigabane barimo abakozi bahoze bayikoramo ndetse n'abagikoramo kuri ubu ndetse na E Squared. Fondasiyo ya Allan & Gill Gray yashyizweho kugirango ibeho ubuziraherezo kugira ngo inyungu zigabanywa byumwihariko zigenerwa gusa abagiraneza no guteza imbere ubucuruzi, gukomeza no kwigenga mu bucuruzi bwa Allan Gray. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2022 |title=Transforming our business |url=https://www.allangray.co.za/globalassets/institutional/transforming-our-business-report/transforming-our-business-report-2022.pdf |access-date=18 October 2022 |website=allangray.co.za}}</ref> == Reba == <references responsive="1"></references> == Ihuza ryo hanze == * [http://www.allangray.co.za Allan Gray] * [http://www.allangrayorbis.org/ Allan Gray Orbis Foundation] * [https://www.orbisfunds.com/Home Ubuyobozi bw'ishoramari rya Orbis] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230611045340/https://www.esquared.org.za/ E ²] [[Ikiciro:Ubukungu]] [[Ikiciro:Ubukungu bw’Afurika]] [[Ikiciro:Afurika y’Epfo]] d3n8pxky9j31xbhio93pi443ifpdfa3 0 16865 133307 95984 2026-06-27T18:28:45Z Igiraneza Divine 15375 Impinduka 133307 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Peace Masozera Uwase''', uzwi nka '''Peace Uwase''', ni umucungamari w’u Rwanda akaba n’umuyobozi wa banki, akora nk'umuyobozi mukuru w’ishami rishinzwe imari muri [[Banki Nkuru y'u Rwanda|Banki nkuru y’igihugu y’u Rwanda]] ya BNR, kuva muri Mata 2016. <ref name="1R">{{Cite web |last=Kabona |first=Esiara |date=26 February 2017 |title=Rwanda central bank extends voluntary pension scheme listing |url=https://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/rwanda/Business/Rwanda-voluntary-pension-scheme/1433224-3826660-io0gs7/index.html |access-date=14 July 2018 |location=Nairobi}}</ref> Mbere yibyo Uwase yari umufatanyabikorwa ucunga PAM Business Advisory, hagati yo muri Mutarama 2013 kugeza Mata 2016. Muri urwo ruhare, yabaye umujyanama mu by'imari n’imicungire, inzobere mu bijyanye na banki, ibaruramari, ubugenzuzi, imicungire y’ibyago, imiyoborere n’igenamigambi. <ref name="2R">{{Cite web |last=Uwase |first=Peace |date=14 July 2018 |title=Biography of Peace Uwase, Director General, Financial Stability at BNR |url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/peace-uwase-9ab6671b/ |access-date=14 July 2018 |publisher=[[Linkedin.com]]}}</ref> == Amavu n'amavuko == Peace Uwase yize muri Mount Saint Mary's College Namagunga, aho avuka, abakobwa bose bo mu mashuri yisumbuye, mu Karere ka Mukono aho bigaga, muri Uganda, yize amasomo rusange kuva hagati ya 1992 na 1998. Yize muri kaminuza ya Makerere, no muri [[Ubugande|Uganda]], arangiza impamyabumenyi mu bucuruzi muri 2001. Nyuma, yabonye impamyabushobozi y'icyiciro cya gatatu mu bucuruzi yakuye muri kaminuza ya gikirisitu ya Oklahoma muri [[Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika|Amerika]] . Ni umucungamari wemewe n'ishyirahamwe ry'abacungamari bemewe bo mu [[Ubwongereza|Bwongereza]] . <ref name="2R">{{Cite web |last=Uwase |first=Peace |date=14 July 2018 |title=Biography of Peace Uwase, Director General, Financial Stability at BNR |url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/peace-uwase-9ab6671b/ |access-date=14 July 2018 |publisher=[[Linkedin.com]]}}</ref> == Umwuga == Akazi ka mbere yari nka Audit Associate muri Price Waterhouse Coopers, mu biro byabo i Kampala, muri [[Uganda]], aho yakoreze imyaka irenga itatu. Yimukiye mu Rwanda muri Mutarama 2005, atangira akazi nk'umuyobozi w’imari n’imiyoborere muri ''Banki y’Ubucuruzi, Iterambere n’inganda ya'' BCDI, uwabanjirije [[Ecobank Rwanda|Ecobanque mu Rwanda]] , aho yakoreye imyaka ibiri ni gice. <ref name="2R">{{Cite web |last=Uwase |first=Peace |date=14 July 2018 |title=Biography of Peace Uwase, Director General, Financial Stability at BNR |url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/peace-uwase-9ab6671b/ |access-date=14 July 2018 |publisher=[[Linkedin.com]]}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFUwase2018">Uwase, Peace (14 July 2018). [https://www.linkedin.com/in/peace-uwase-9ab6671b/ "Biography of Peace Uwase, Director General, Financial Stability at BNR"]. [[Yamamoto.com|Linkedin.com]]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 July</span> 2018</span>.</cite></ref> Ecobank imaze kubona BCDI muri Nyakanga 2007, <ref name="3R">{{Cite web |last=Babu Emile |date=27 February 2008 |title=West African Banks enter Rwandan market |url=https://businessrwanda.wordpress.com/2008/02/27/west-african-banks-enter-rwandan-market/ |access-date=14 July 2018 |publisher=Business Rwanda |location=Kigali}}</ref> yagumye ku mwanya mushya w'umuyobozi mukuru ushinzwe imari muri Ecobank Rwanda. Hanyuma umwaka umwe, yabaye umuyobozi mukuru ushinzwe imari muri Ecobank Gineya Bissau, ifite icyicaro i [[Biso|Bissau]] . <ref name="2R">{{Cite web |last=Uwase |first=Peace |date=14 July 2018 |title=Biography of Peace Uwase, Director General, Financial Stability at BNR |url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/peace-uwase-9ab6671b/ |access-date=14 July 2018 |publisher=[[Linkedin.com]]}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFUwase2018">Uwase, Peace (14 July 2018). [https://www.linkedin.com/in/peace-uwase-9ab6671b/ "Biography of Peace Uwase, Director General, Financial Stability at BNR"]. [[Yamamoto.com|Linkedin.com]]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 July</span> 2018</span>.</cite></ref> Yaje kuba umujyanama wigenga mu gihe cy'umwaka nigice, mbere yuko ahabwa akazi na Kivu Watt Limited, nk'umuyobozi ushinzwe imari, ahakorera umwaka urenga. Yaje gusubira mu bujyanama bwite mu gihe cy'imyaka itatu n'igice, mbere yo kwinjira muri [[Banki Nkuru y'u Rwanda]], muri Mata 2016. <ref name="2R">{{Cite web |last=Uwase |first=Peace |date=14 July 2018 |title=Biography of Peace Uwase, Director General, Financial Stability at BNR |url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/peace-uwase-9ab6671b/ |access-date=14 July 2018 |publisher=[[Linkedin.com]]}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFUwase2018">Uwase, Peace (14 July 2018). [https://www.linkedin.com/in/peace-uwase-9ab6671b/ "Biography of Peace Uwase, Director General, Financial Stability at BNR"]. [[Yamamoto.com|Linkedin.com]]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 July</span> 2018</span>.</cite></ref> == Ibindi bitekerezo == Peace Uwase ni umwe mu bagize inama y’ubuyobozi y’ikigo [[Ikigo cy'u Rwanda gishinzwe Imisoro n'Amahoro|cy’imisoro m’u Rwanda]] . <ref name="4R">{{Cite web |last=Rwanda Revenue Authority |date=14 July 2018 |title=The Board of Directors at Rwanda Revenue Authority |url=http://www.rra.gov.rw/index.php?id=74 |access-date=14 July 2018 |publisher=[[Rwanda Revenue Authority]] |location=Kigali}}</ref> == Reba kandi == * Urutonde rwa banki mu Rwanda. * [[Lina Higiro]] * Alice Kalonzo - Zulu == AMASHAKIRO; == {{Reflist}} == Ihuza ryo hanze == * [http://www.newtimes.co.rw/section/read/231350/ Imizi ya Gatete yo gushora imipaka mu gihe CBA itangiza ibikorwa mu Rwanda (Amafoto)] Kuva ku ya 21 Werurwe 2018. [[Ikiciro:Ubucuruzi]] [[Ikiciro:Rwiyemezamirimo]] [[Ikiciro:Umugore]] hsz7ybqqfvg0ppnm8ohim96jjkk0xb0 0 17087 133356 120198 2026-06-28T08:54:13Z InternetArchiveBot 9716 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 133356 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Inyange_carton_of_water.jpg|thumb|Inyange carton of water]] uruganda Inyange Ltd ni uruganda rukora ibinyobwa bidasembuye ruherereye mu murenge wa Masaka mu [[Akarere ka Kicukiro|karere ka Kicukiro]], aha ruri hari amazi menshi ari mu gishanga cya Somasi, .<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://igisabo.rw/2021/12/17/mu-ruganda-rw-inyange-hakozwe-icupa-ryamazi-ritangiza-ibidukikije/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-06-15 |archive-date=2023-06-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230615223315/https://igisabo.rw/2021/12/17/mu-ruganda-rw-inyange-hakozwe-icupa-ryamazi-ritangiza-ibidukikije/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://igihe.com/amakuru/u-rwanda/article/mu-rwanda-hagiye-kuzura-uruganda-rw-amata-y-ifu-ruzatwara-miliyari-45frw</ref> == Igishanga cya Somasi == Igishanga cya Somasi kiri mu murenge wa Masaka mu kagali ka Gitaragaga umudugudu wa Nyange, ku nkombe z’iki gishanga  ni naho kandi  hubatse uruganda rw’Inyange Industries. Aho rwibasiwe n’amazi menshi mabi kandi menshi ari kurusatira, aya mazi amaze kandi kwangiza ibihingwa bihingwa muri icyo gishanga ku buso butari buto . iki gishanga cya Somasi ubusanzwe gihingwamo ibishyimbo, ibigori, inanasi zikoreshwa muri urwo ruganda, amashu n‘insenda. Ibi bihingwa  byose bikaba bimaze kurengerwa n’amazi .<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |url=https://ar.umuseke.rw/umwuzure-wibasiye-uruganda-inyange-industries-nabayituriye.hmtl |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-06-15 |archive-date=2023-06-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230615223306/https://ar.umuseke.rw/umwuzure-wibasiye-uruganda-inyange-industries-nabayituriye.hmtl |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[Dosiye:Inyange_milk_zone.jpg|thumb|Inyange milk zone]] [[Dosiye:Inyange_water.jpg|thumb|Amazi y'uruganda rw'Inyange ]] == Ibyo bakora == uruganda Inyange Ltd rukora ibintu bitandukanye bidasembuye harimo amata, imitobe, amata y'ifu n'amasukano .<ref name=":0" /> [[Dosiye:Milk_glass.jpg|thumb|Uruganda rw'inyange rutunga nya na mata ]] [[Ikiciro:Rwiyemezamirimo]] 400nvbuphrs1z4zo433id4wrv3b8egf 0 17138 133329 133280 2026-06-28T02:32:47Z InternetArchiveBot 9716 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 133329 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Harmony Umwali.jpg|thumb|umwali angelique]] Umwali Angelique ni umunyarwandakazi akaba ari umugore, ndetse ni umuyobozi wungirije ushinzwe iterambere ry’ubukungu mu [[Akarere ka Bugesera|Karere ka Bugesera]],<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.isangostar.rw/hamuristwe-ikarita-igaragaza-ahari-kariyeri-hose |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-06-18 |archive-date=2023-06-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230618143404/https://www.isangostar.rw/hamuristwe-ikarita-igaragaza-ahari-kariyeri-hose |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/amakuru/amakuru-mu-rwanda/article/bugesera-basubijeho-komite-nyobozi-yari-isanzweho-kuko-bakiyifitiye-icyizere</ref>, akaba amaze manda ebyiri ayobora Akarere .<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://umuseke.rw/2023/06/apostle-dr-paul-gitwaza-yohereje-ubutumwa-vice-mayor-wa-bugesera-arahanura-ibyaranze-igiterane-cya-zion-temple-ntarama-amafoto/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-08-08 |archive-date=2023-08-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230810225239/https://umuseke.rw/2023/06/apostle-dr-paul-gitwaza-yohereje-ubutumwa-vice-mayor-wa-bugesera-arahanura-ibyaranze-igiterane-cya-zion-temple-ntarama-amafoto/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.isangostar.rw/hamuristwe-ikarita-igaragaza-ahari-kariyeri-hose |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-06-18 |archive-date=2023-06-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230618143404/https://www.isangostar.rw/hamuristwe-ikarita-igaragaza-ahari-kariyeri-hose |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/amakuru/amakuru-mu-rwanda/article/bugesera-basubijeho-komite-nyobozi-yari-isanzweho-kuko-bakiyifitiye-icyizere</ref> [[Dosiye:Bugesera district map.jpg|center|thumb|Akarere ka Bugesera, aho Angelique ari umuyobozi wungirije ushinzwe iterambere n'ubukungu]] == AMASHAKIRO; == [[Ikiciro:Afurika]] [[Ikiciro:Rwanda]] [[Ikiciro:Umuyobozi]] [[Ikiciro:Imibereho myiza]] [[Ikiciro:Ubuzima Bwiza]] 2ntbypjs6rpe7kjakrxot5zjzb0gx9g 0 17198 133352 114524 2026-06-28T07:54:44Z InternetArchiveBot 9716 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 133352 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Gossy Ukanwoke.jpg|thumb|gossy ukankoke]] Gossy Ukanwoke ni [[Rwiyemezamirimo]], Umushoramari n'Umujyanama wa Guverinoma ushinzwe gutezimbere amashuri Makuru, Umutekano, Imari, Imyidagaduro, no Gukina. yakoranye n'inzego za [[Afurika]] na Guverinoma gutegura politiki y'iterambere.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20230620041430/https://ukanwoke.org/about/</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://thechrysaliscapital.com/team/gossy-ukanwoke/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-06-20 |archive-date=2023-06-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230620041430/https://thechrysaliscapital.com/team/gossy-ukanwoke/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://www.crunchbase.com/person/gossy-ukanwoke</ref> == Amateka == Rwiyemezamirimo w’uburezi, Gossy Ukanwoke, ni we washinze uburezi bukuru bwa BAU butanga Gahunda y’Uburezi Nshingwabikorwa ku banyamwuga, abayobozi ndetse n’abanyeshuri barangije bashaka guteza imbere ubucuruzi n’ubuyobozi kuri interineti no mu kigo. Isosiyete ye ifite, BAU R&D yarangije gushora imari muri Kaminuza ebyiri za [[Nijeriya|Nigeriya]]. Ni na Perezida wa EduTech Nigeriya, isosiyete ikora ibijyanye n’ikoranabuhanga ikorana na za kaminuza mu gukoresha ubuzima bw’abanyeshuri kuri interineti kuva mu gushaka kugeza ku barangije bafasha kaminuza gakondo zo muri Afurika gufata gahunda z’impamyabumenyi ku kigo cya interineti binyuze mu gushyira mu bikorwa ikoranabuhanga ryiza, gucunga inzira , gushaka, kwinjira no gutanga inama.<ref>https://www.forbes.com/sites/mfonobongnsehe/2018/04/18/30-most-promising-young-entrepreneurs-in-africa-2018/?sh=36608ddd7474</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.responsiblebusiness.com/speakers/gossy-ukanwoke/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-06-20 |archive-date=2023-06-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230620041430/https://www.responsiblebusiness.com/speakers/gossy-ukanwoke/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://refinedng.com/gossy-ukanwoke/</ref> == Ishakiro == [[Ikiciro:Afurika]] [[Ikiciro:Ubukungu bw’Afurika]] [[Ikiciro:Iterambere rya Afurica]] [[Ikiciro:Rwiyemezamirimo]] [[Ikiciro:Nigeriya]] 8x8yxlyjijj3fhfl2mvgw05o9a28xlj 0 17334 133314 97692 2026-06-27T18:38:05Z Igiraneza Divine 15375 Impinduka 133314 wikitext text/x-wiki == Uwase Aaliah == Uwase Aaliah ni umukobwa w'umunyarwandakazi umenyerewe mu itangazamakuru rya siporo kuri ubu akaba arimo kwamamara mu gufata amafoto ya siporo mu [[Rwanda]] Aaliah kandi yakoze ku binyamakuru byinshi bitandukanye harimo nka FUNCLUB ndetse na IGIHE.COM<ref>https://mobile.igihe.com/imikino/article/ntibagoheka-mu-guhihibikanira-iterambere-ryayo-abanyamakurukazi-bari-muri</ref> == AMASHAKIRO; == nbmuw7eai32d0pzpprxqj6iq0avdfvg 0 17343 133308 100794 2026-06-27T18:30:35Z Igiraneza Divine 15375 Impinduka 133308 wikitext text/x-wiki == Uwase Rachel == Uwase Rachel ni umunyarwandakazi ukora umwuga w'itangazamakuru mu [[Rwanda]] akaba akora kuri IZUBA TV ndetse akaba yaramenyekanye cyane mu kiganiro gica ku Izuba TV bita APR SUN TIME kibanda ku makuru yihariye ku ikipe ya APR.<ref>https://mobile.igihe.com/imikino/article/ntibagoheka-mu-guhihibikanira-iterambere-ryayo-abanyamakurukazi-bari-muri</ref> == UMWIHARIKO == Uwase Rachel ni umwe mubakiri bake bakora umwuga w'itangazamakuru rya Siporo mu [[Rwanda]] mu gihe byari bimenyerewe ko uyu mwuga ubusanzwe ari uw'abagabo gusa. == AMASHAKIRO; == 2zeh2zuiiacumtvctr9t5foohd1c6xm 0 17361 133359 99079 2026-06-28T09:18:05Z InternetArchiveBot 9716 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 133359 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Ikigega babikagamo imyaka.jpg|thumb|Ikigega]] == Ibigega == Ibigega ni ibituro bibi abanyyarwanda bakera bubukaga bakabihunikamo imyaka cyangwa kubikamo imyaka ni ibintu byyabaga ari binini byubatse nk'inzu cyangwa ibibumbiro binini<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://kiny.taarifa.rw/inyubako-ziteye-nkibigega-mu-mishinga-ikomeje-kuzamurwa-ku-kiyaga-cya-kivu-amafoto/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-08-19 |archive-date=2023-08-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230819112249/https://kiny.taarifa.rw/inyubako-ziteye-nkibigega-mu-mishinga-ikomeje-kuzamurwa-ku-kiyaga-cya-kivu-amafoto/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> mu [[Rwanda]] ni kimwe mubihugu bigihunika mu bigega nkaho tuzi uturere tumwe natumwe tugifite ibigega nko [[Akarere ka Nyanza|mukarere ka Nyanza]] n'ahandi` == Reba == hj3hclsi3gei8k7mizjrnczxnv0bm4u 0 17613 133341 117460 2026-06-28T06:09:30Z InternetArchiveBot 9716 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 133341 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Eugene Mussolini''' (wavutse ku ya 24 Ukuboza 1977) ni umunyapolitiki wo mu Rwanda. Kuva mu mwaka wa 2019, Mussolini yabaye umwe mu bagize [[Umutwe w’Abadepite|umutwe w’abadepite]] mu gihugu cy'u [[Rwanda]] , afite umwanya mu inteko ishinga amategeko wagenewe abafite ubumuga. == Ubuzima bwo hambere n'amashuri == Dukurikije umwirondoro wa Mussolini ku urubuga rwemewe rw'Umutwe [[Umutwe w’Abadepite|w'Abadepite]], yavutse ku ya 24 Ukuboza 1977. Yabonye impamyabumenyi y'icyiciro cya kabiri cya kaminuza ya Master of Business Administration yakuye muri kaminuza yigenga ya Kigali . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Deputies' Profiles - Hon MUSSOLINI Eugene |url=https://www.parliament.gov.rw/chamber-of-deputies-2/member-profile/deputies-profiles?tx_news_pi1%5B%40widget_0%5D%5BcurrentPage%5D=2&cHash=ede8f376b5287b7a3348df5228671962 |access-date=12 February 2023 |website=Chamber of Deputies |archive-date=5 September 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230905070432/https://www.parliament.gov.rw/chamber-of-deputies-2/member-profile/deputies-profiles?tx_news_pi1%5B%40widget_0%5D%5BcurrentPage%5D=2&cHash=ede8f376b5287b7a3348df5228671962 |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Umwuga == Mussolini warokotse [[Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994|jenoside yakorewe abatutsi mu 1994 mu Rwanda]], yanenze uruhare rw'Ubufaransa muri iyi jenoside . <ref>{{Cite web |date=8 April 2014 |title=Lingering bitterness between Rwandans and French on genocide {{!}} eNCA |url=https://www.enca.com/africa/lingering-bitterness-between-rwandans-and-french-genocide |access-date=12 February 2023 |website=eNCA |language= |archive-date=3 July 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180703203212/https://www.enca.com/africa/lingering-bitterness-between-rwandans-and-french-genocide |url-status=dead }}</ref> Mbere y’amatora ye, Mussolini yakoraga mu [[Akarere ka Gasabo|nama njyanama y’akarere ka Gasabo]] . Mussolini, ufite ubumuga bw'umubiri, mbere yakoraga mu Nama y'igihugu y'abafite ubumuga. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Tabaro |first=Jean De La Croix |date=2018-09-02 |title=Eugene Mussolini Is First MP Elect |url=https://www.ktpress.rw/2018/09/eugene-mussolini-is-first-mp-elect/ |access-date=2022-08-28 |website=KT PRESS |language=en-US}}</ref> Yahoze akora mu ishyirahamwe ry’abacitse ku icumu rya Landmine na Amputees yo mu Rwanda (ALSAR), uharanira iyubahirizwa ndetse nisinywa ry' Amasezerano ya cluster Munitions.<ref>{{Cite web |date=26 August 2015 |title=Rwanda Bans Cluster Bombs |url=http://www.stopclustermunitions.org/en-gb/media/news/2015/rwanda-bans-cluster-bombs.aspx |access-date=12 February 2023 |website=Cluster Munition Coalition}}</ref> == Umwuga Mu Inteko == Mu matora y’abadepite yo mu Rwanda 2018, yatorewe kuba uhagarariye abamugaye mu [[Umutwe w’Abadepite|mutwe w’abadepite]] . Mussolini yatsinze umudepite ucyuye igihe Rusiha Gaston ku majwi 75.5% kugeza 14.5% by'amajwi. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-09-03 |title=Eugène Mussolini elected MP for persons with disabilities |url=https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/158095/News/eugne-mussolini-elected-mp-for-persons-with-disabilities |access-date=2022-08-28 |website=The New Times |language=en}}</ref> === Manda ye === Mu 2022, Mussolini yari umwe mu badepite batanu bazanye amategeko yo guha abanyarwanda kubona serivisi zo kuboneza urubyaro kuva ku myaka cumi n'itanu. Umushinga w'itegeko watanzwe, watangijwe ku nkunga ya [[Gamariel Mbonimana]], [[Speciose Ayinkamiye]], [[Phoebe Kanyange]], na [[Alice Muzana]], amaherezo washyikirijwe. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Sabiiti |first=Daniel |date=2022-10-18 |title=Social Media Reacts After Parliament Rejects Reproductive Health Bill |url=https://www.ktpress.rw/2022/10/social-media-reacts-after-parliament-rejects-reproductive-health-bill/ |access-date=2023-02-13 |website=KT PRESS |language=en-US}}</ref> Mu 2023, Mussolini yavuze [[Ingabo za demokarasi zo kubohora u Rwanda|ko ingabo za demokarasi ziharanira kwibohora u Rwanda]] (FDLR) ari "umutwe w'iterabwoba wa jenoside waguye ingengabitekerezo ya jenoside muri [[Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo|DRC]] ". <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-01-28 |title=Will Pope help silence the guns in DR Congo and South Sudan? |url=https://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/tea/news/east-africa/peace-be-with-you-pope-visits-region-amid-conflict-4101882 |access-date=2023-02-12 |website=The East African |language=en}}</ref> == Reba == {{Reflist}} fsk4bd9l2tt4e7fibfai5u3tniw32zx 0 17740 133326 119463 2026-06-28T01:48:20Z InternetArchiveBot 9716 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 133326 wikitext text/x-wiki Aya masezerano yashyiriweho abantu [[Abafite ubumuga mu Rwanda|bafite ubumuga]] mu rwego rwo kubarengera ndetse no kubaha icyubahiro cyabo ba kwiye mubuzima rusange<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.ncpd.gov.rw/fileadmin/Reports/NCPD_ok_Urwunge_rw_Amategeko_Arengera__01.pdf |title=Archive copy |access-date=2024-01-23 |archive-date=2024-01-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240123104441/https://www.ncpd.gov.rw/fileadmin/Reports/NCPD_ok_Urwunge_rw_Amategeko_Arengera__01.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Ingingo yambere y'amasezerano == Intego y'aya masezerano ni uguteza imbere, kurengera no guha uburenganzira bwa muntu busesuye n'ubwisanzure bw'ibanze abantu bose [[Abafite ubumuga mu Rwanda|bafite ubumuga]] no kubaha icyubahiro cyabo ndakuka. Abantu bafite ubumuga barimo abafite ubumuga bw'igihe kirekire, bw'ingingo, bwo mumutwe, bwo mumutekerereze n'ibyiyumvo hamwe nizindi nzitizi, ubumubuga bushobora gutuma batagaragaza uruhare rwabo mumuryango kimwe n'abandi mu [[Rwanda]]. == Ingingo ya kabiri, ikubiyemo ubusobanura bw'amagambo akoreshwa == Uburyo bwo guhana amakuru burimo, indimi, inyandiko isanzwe, inyandiko isomwa n'abatabona, guhana ubutumwa hakoreshejwe intoki, Inyuguti nini, ibitangaza makuru byanditse kimwe n'ibikoresha amajwi, n'ibimenyetso bikoreshwa muguhana amakuru. Ubushobozi n'uburyo bunyuranye bunyuzwamo amakuru, harimo nuburyo amakuru n'ikoranabuhanga mu itumanaho bigerwaho kuburyo bworoheye [[Abafite ubumuga mu Rwanda|abafite ubumuga.]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.isangostar.rw/imiryango-yabafite-ubumuga-mu-rwanda-ikomeje-gukora-ubuvugizi-mu-nzego-zitandukanye |title=Archive copy |access-date=2024-01-23 |archive-date=2024-01-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240123113746/https://www.isangostar.rw/imiryango-yabafite-ubumuga-mu-rwanda-ikomeje-gukora-ubuvugizi-mu-nzego-zitandukanye |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ururimi rukubiyemo kuvuga cyangwa gukoresha ibimenyetso kimwe n'ubundi buryo bwo guhana amakuru utavuga. Ivangura rishingiye kubumuga bivuga gutandukanya ,guheza cyangwa se kugira ibyo ubuza umuntu hashingiwe kuba amugaye, bigamije cyangwa bifite ingaruka zo gutubya cyangwa kuburizamo amahirwe yo kwemererwa kubasha kwishimira cyangwa gukoresha kimwe n'abandi uburenganzira bwose kimwe n'ubwisanzure bw'ibanze muri [[Politiki y’u Rwanda yo kurengera ibidukikije|politiki]], mu bukungu, mumibanire, mumuco, mubyimbonezamubano, ndetse no muzindi nzego. ririmo ivangura iryo ariryo ryose harimo no kudateganyirizwa aho bagenewe haba umudendezo. si izi ngingo gusa kandi mu [[Rwanda]] kimwe nahandi ku Isi hari ingingo nyinshi mumategeko zishinzwe kurengera [[Abafite ubumuga mu Rwanda|abfite ubumuga]] == Ishakiro == h6fpoi1m5udm2813vkwardp6xi6jxzt 0 17910 133339 123555 2026-06-28T05:47:25Z InternetArchiveBot 9716 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 133339 wikitext text/x-wiki '''EEVE''' nisosiyete yububiligi itezimbere kandi ikora [[:en:Personal_robot|robot yumuntu]] . Kuva yashingwa muri 2017, EEVE yakoresheje amazina abiri yandi: AIRobots (2017) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Name change doc official |url=https://www.ejustice.just.fgov.be/tsv_pdf/2019/09/24/19335078.pdf}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kart |first=Jeff |title=Toadi Robot Mower Is Part Of A Master Plan For Worker Robots |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/jeffkart/2020/05/29/toadi-robot-mower-is-part-of-a-master-plan-for-worker-robots/ |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> na Toadi Order (2018–2020). <ref>https://www.hln.be/waregem/draadloze-robot-toadi-maait-gras~a346be47/</ref> [[:en:Core_product|Ibicuruzwa byamamaye]] bya EEVE, robot itagira ibyatsi itagira ibyatsi Willow, ni robot ishoboye guca nyakatsi no [[:en:Surveillance|kugenzura]], ifite ubushobozi bwo guha ibikoresho byongeweho kandi ikora gusa mubyerekezo bya mudasobwa [[:en:Artificial_intelligence|nubwenge bwubuhanga]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mircea |first=Cristina |date=2022-05-17 |title=Cute, Stubby Willow X Says It's the Ultimate Outdoor Robot, Can Perform Hundreds of Tasks |url=https://www.autoevolution.com/news/cute-stubby-willow-x-says-it-s-the-ultimate-outdoor-robot-can-perform-hundreds-of-tasks-188984.html |website=autoevolution |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-09-27 |title=Start-up EEVE claims ‘thousands’ of customers already using its robots |url=https://roboticsandautomationnews.com/2022/09/27/start-up-eeve-claims-thousands-of-customers-already-using-its-robots/54882/ |website=Robotics & Automation News |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-02-13 |title=EEVE says its robot remains unchallenged by Chinese imitator |url=https://roboticsandautomationnews.com/2023/02/13/eeve-says-its-robot-remains-unchallenged-by-chinese-imitator/60206/ |website=Robotics & Automation News |language=en-US}}</ref> Willow yatangijwe muri Amerika binyuze mu bukangurambaga bwa [[:en:Kickstarter|Kickstarter]] muri 2020 hamwe no kumenyekanisha ibintu hamwe n’umutekano. Ikizamini cya mbere cya robot cyatanzwe muri Amerika cyabaye mu 2023. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Menapace |first=Christine |date=2020-05-29 |title=The Toadi Autonomous Mower Is Now Available In U.S. |url=https://turfmagazine.com/new-autonomous-mower-the-toadi/ |website=Turf Magazine |language=en-US |access-date=2024-01-28 |archive-date=2024-01-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240128103520/https://turfmagazine.com/new-autonomous-mower-the-toadi |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Toadi laat er geen gras over groeien - Value Chain |url=https://www.valuechain.be/nl/nieuws/detail/6592/toadi-laat-er-geen-gras-over-groeien |website=ValueChain |language=nl |access-date=2024-01-28 |archive-date=2019-08-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190818221521/https://www.valuechain.be/nl/nieuws/detail/6592/toadi-laat-er-geen-gras-over-groeien |url-status=dead }}</ref> Kugerageza hakiri kare ibisubizo byubusa ni Ambrogio <ref>{{Cite web |date=5 September 2023 |title=The Best Robot Lawn Mower |url=https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-robot-lawn-mower/ |website=The New York Times}}</ref> na Husqvarna cyari igisubizo gishingiye kuri RTK cyagenewe ahantu hanini. <ref>https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2023-07-20/best-electric-robot-lawn-mowers-to-save-time-cut-your-grass-and-carbon-output</ref> == Reba ibindi == [[:en:Robotic_lawn_mower|Robotic lawn mower]] * Media related to [[c:Category:Robotic_lawn_mowers|Robotic lawn mowers]] at Wikimedia Commons == Indanganturo == [[Ikiciro:Ikoranabuhanga]] [[Ikiciro:Ikoranabuhanga mu itumanaho n'isakazabumenyi mu majyambere]] [[Ikiciro:Ubumuga]] [[Ikiciro:Ubufasha bwibanze]] 8vqbzor2oqxxfc2j7qvffvzr4dwtq41 0 18076 133304 103848 2026-06-27T18:19:18Z Igiraneza Divine 15375 Impinduka 133304 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Two_arrows.jpg|thumb|300x300px| Intego gakondo imyambi ( hejuru ) hamwe na kopi y'ibihe byo hagati]] [[Dosiye:DFRArrow.jpg|thumb| Umwambi ugezweho hamwe na palastike ]] '''Umwambi''' ni imwe mu ntwaro ziba mu muco nyarwanda, ikora iri kumwe n'umuheto. Umwambi mu bisanzwe ugizwe n'umurongo muremure, ukomeye, uringaniye ugororotse hamwe n'umwambi uremereye (kandi mu bisanzwe utyaye kandi werekanye) wometse ku mutwe w'imbere, ibintu byinshi bisa n'ubumara byashyizwe hafi y'inyuma, hamwe nu mwanya w'inyuma witwa kwishora mu muheto. Igikoresho cyangwa igikapu gitwaye imyambi y'inyongera kugira ngo byoroherezwe byitwa umutiba. Gukoresha imiheto n'imyambi by'abantu byerekana amateka yanditse mu mateka y'u Rwanda, kandi birasanzwe mu mico myinshi. Umunyabukorikori ukora imyambi . <ref name="Paterson56">Paterson ''Encyclopaedia of Archery'' p. 56</ref> == AMATEKA == [[Dosiye:Warring_States_Bronze_Arrowheads.jpg|thumb| Ibihugu birwanira imyambi y'umuringa]] [[Dosiye:Bow_and_Arrow.jpg|thumb| Umuheto ny'Africa n'umuheto]] [[Dosiye:Arrow_Head_01.jpg|thumb| Umuheto wo [[Afurika|muri Afurika]]]] [[Dosiye:Arrow-head_Olynthus_BM_GR1912.4-19.4.jpg|thumb| Umwambi wa kera w'Abagereki Umuringa, mu kinyejana cya 4 mbere ya Yesu, uhereye Olynthus, Chalcidice]] [[Dosiye:Fleches-japonaises-p1000615.jpg|thumb| Imyambi itandukanye y'Abayapani]] [[Dosiye:Crécy-en-Ponthieu_24-09-2008_12-11-33.JPG|thumb| Amakopi agezweho yimyambi itandukanye yo mu Burayi bwo hagati]] == AMASHAKIRO; == {{Reflist}} == Ihuza ryo hanze == * {{Commonscat}} * [http://www.oplin.org/point/ What's the Point?: Identifying Flint Artifacts (OPLIN)] * [http://www.tradgang.com/ashby/ Dr. Ashby's reports on broadhead penetration] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070513063313/http://library.thinkquest.org/27344/typebows.htm Types of Bows and Arrows] * [http://www.huntersfriend.com/archery-help/hunting-target-arrows-selection-guide-chapter-1.html Carbon Arrows Explained in Detail] [[Ikiciro:Umuco]] c14grp8zfwd1e2xemsqr5sptzot1uku 0 18205 133286 130994 2026-06-27T12:58:04Z B.Scalling 15089 133286 wikitext text/x-wiki {{merge|Isabelle Kalihangabo}} [[Dosiye:Kigali2018Cropped.jpg|thumb|kalihangabo numukobwa wumunyarwandakazi yavukiye mumujyi wa kigali]] '''Kalihangabo Isabelle''' (yavutse 1972) ni umunyamategeko [[Rwanda|w’umunyarwanda]] akaba yarabaye n'umunyapolitiki wabaye umunyamabanga mukuru w’ibiro bishinzwe iperereza mu Rwanda ([[RIB]]) kuva mu 2018. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2018-04-10 |title=Who will lead Rwanda Investigation Bureau? |url=https://www.newtimes.co.rw/news/who-will-lead-rwanda-investigation-bureau |access-date=2021-11-10 |website=The New Times {{!}} Rwanda}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-10-13 |title=Investigators explain how sex offenders lure children |url=https://www.newtimes.co.rw/news/investigators-explain-how-sex-offenders-lure-children |access-date=2021-11-10 |website=The New Times {{!}} Rwanda}}</ref> == Umwuga == [[Dosiye:Université nationale du Rwanda à Butare.JPG|thumb|Kaminuza y'u Rwanda, Isabellle yizeho]] Kalihangabo ni yari umunyeshuri urangije amategeko muri [[Kaminuza y'u Rwanda|kaminuza nkuru y'u Rwanda]] afite impamyabumenyi ihanitse mu by'amategeko mpuzamahanga y’ubucuruzi yakuye muri kaminuza ya Mwamikazi Mary y'i Londere . Hagati yo 2000 na 2004 yakoraga mu Rukiko rw'Ikirenga rw'u [[Rwanda]] mu ishami ry’inkiko za Gacaca. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kagame appoints heads of new investigation body |url=https://en.igihe.com/news/kagame-appoints-heads-of-new-investigation-body |access-date=2021-11-10 |website=IGIHE |archive-date=2021-11-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211110133246/https://en.igihe.com/news/kagame-appoints-heads-of-new-investigation-body |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref name=":0"/> Muri 2004 yagizwe umucamanza mu Rukiko Rukuru rw'u [[Rwanda]], yahakoraga kugeza muri 2007. <ref>{{Cite web |last=TWAGIRIMANA |first=Martin |date=2018-04-10 |title=Rwanda: New Investigation Body Takes Over From Police |url=https://www.ktpress.rw/2018/04/rwandanew-investigation-body-takes-over-from-police/ |access-date=2021-11-10 |website=KT PRESS}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ernest |first=Nsanzimana |title=Col. Ruhunga Jeannot na Kalihangabo bagizwe abayobozi ba Rwanda Investigation Bureau |url=http://www.umuryango.rw/amakuru/mu-rwanda/article/col-ruhunga-jeannot-na-kalihangabo-bagizwe-abayobozi-ba-rwanda-investigation |access-date=2021-11-10 |website=Umuryango - Kinyarwanda}}</ref> Mu 2007 yagizwe umufasha wungirije muri minisiteri y’ubutabera ashinzwe serivisi z’ubujyanama mu by'amategeko. <ref name=":0" /> Aza Kuzamurwa mu ntera muri Werurwe 2014 byatumye agirwa Umunyamabanga uhoraho akaba n'Umucamanza Mukuru muri Minisiteri y'Ubutabera <ref>{{Cite web |title=Isabelle Kalihangabo Archives |url=https://survivors-fund.org.uk/tag/isabelle-kalihangabo/ |access-date=2021-11-10 |website=Survivors Fund}}</ref> Yagumye kuri urwo mwanya kugeza ku ya 9 Mata 2018, ubwo yagenwaga na Perezida wa repubulika nk'umunyamabanga mukuru w’ibiro bishinzwe iperereza mu Rwanda . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-04-11 |title=President Kagame swears in new leaders |url=https://www.newtimes.co.rw/rwanda/president-kagame-swears-new-leaders |access-date=2021-11-10 |website=The New Times {{!}} Rwanda}}</ref> [[Dosiye:The office of the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Rwanda, with photos showing former Chief Justices.jpg|center|thumb|Ibiro by'umuyobozi ushinzwe Urukiko rukuru rw'igihugu cy'u Rwanda, ]] == Reba == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Rwanda]] 0zvwetblrqynbujbt49pcajytg930ua 133287 133286 2026-06-27T12:59:25Z B.Scalling 15089 gushyiramo databox 133287 wikitext text/x-wiki {{merge|Isabelle Kalihangabo}} [[Dosiye:Kigali2018Cropped.jpg|thumb|kalihangabo numukobwa wumunyarwandakazi yavukiye mumujyi wa kigali]]{{Databox|excludeProperties=Q109517317}} '''Kalihangabo Isabelle''' (yavutse 1972) ni umunyamategeko [[Rwanda|w’umunyarwanda]] akaba yarabaye n'umunyapolitiki wabaye umunyamabanga mukuru w’ibiro bishinzwe iperereza mu Rwanda ([[RIB]]) kuva mu 2018. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2018-04-10 |title=Who will lead Rwanda Investigation Bureau? |url=https://www.newtimes.co.rw/news/who-will-lead-rwanda-investigation-bureau |access-date=2021-11-10 |website=The New Times {{!}} Rwanda}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-10-13 |title=Investigators explain how sex offenders lure children |url=https://www.newtimes.co.rw/news/investigators-explain-how-sex-offenders-lure-children |access-date=2021-11-10 |website=The New Times {{!}} Rwanda}}</ref> == Umwuga == [[Dosiye:Université nationale du Rwanda à Butare.JPG|thumb|Kaminuza y'u Rwanda, Isabellle yizeho]] Kalihangabo ni yari umunyeshuri urangije amategeko muri [[Kaminuza y'u Rwanda|kaminuza nkuru y'u Rwanda]] afite impamyabumenyi ihanitse mu by'amategeko mpuzamahanga y’ubucuruzi yakuye muri kaminuza ya Mwamikazi Mary y'i Londere . Hagati yo 2000 na 2004 yakoraga mu Rukiko rw'Ikirenga rw'u [[Rwanda]] mu ishami ry’inkiko za Gacaca. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kagame appoints heads of new investigation body |url=https://en.igihe.com/news/kagame-appoints-heads-of-new-investigation-body |access-date=2021-11-10 |website=IGIHE |archive-date=2021-11-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211110133246/https://en.igihe.com/news/kagame-appoints-heads-of-new-investigation-body |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref name=":0"/> Muri 2004 yagizwe umucamanza mu Rukiko Rukuru rw'u [[Rwanda]], yahakoraga kugeza muri 2007. <ref>{{Cite web |last=TWAGIRIMANA |first=Martin |date=2018-04-10 |title=Rwanda: New Investigation Body Takes Over From Police |url=https://www.ktpress.rw/2018/04/rwandanew-investigation-body-takes-over-from-police/ |access-date=2021-11-10 |website=KT PRESS}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ernest |first=Nsanzimana |title=Col. Ruhunga Jeannot na Kalihangabo bagizwe abayobozi ba Rwanda Investigation Bureau |url=http://www.umuryango.rw/amakuru/mu-rwanda/article/col-ruhunga-jeannot-na-kalihangabo-bagizwe-abayobozi-ba-rwanda-investigation |access-date=2021-11-10 |website=Umuryango - Kinyarwanda}}</ref> Mu 2007 yagizwe umufasha wungirije muri minisiteri y’ubutabera ashinzwe serivisi z’ubujyanama mu by'amategeko. <ref name=":0" /> Aza Kuzamurwa mu ntera muri Werurwe 2014 byatumye agirwa Umunyamabanga uhoraho akaba n'Umucamanza Mukuru muri Minisiteri y'Ubutabera <ref>{{Cite web |title=Isabelle Kalihangabo Archives |url=https://survivors-fund.org.uk/tag/isabelle-kalihangabo/ |access-date=2021-11-10 |website=Survivors Fund}}</ref> Yagumye kuri urwo mwanya kugeza ku ya 9 Mata 2018, ubwo yagenwaga na Perezida wa repubulika nk'umunyamabanga mukuru w’ibiro bishinzwe iperereza mu Rwanda . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-04-11 |title=President Kagame swears in new leaders |url=https://www.newtimes.co.rw/rwanda/president-kagame-swears-new-leaders |access-date=2021-11-10 |website=The New Times {{!}} Rwanda}}</ref> [[Dosiye:The office of the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Rwanda, with photos showing former Chief Justices.jpg|center|thumb|Ibiro by'umuyobozi ushinzwe Urukiko rukuru rw'igihugu cy'u Rwanda, ]] == Reba == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Rwanda]] qbo69hfu8fexzmn80hqg2gfcty9nqv4 0 18237 133313 104240 2026-06-27T18:36:19Z Igiraneza Divine 15375 Impinduka 133313 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Uwase Sharifah''' ni umugore akaba ari umunyarwandakazi mu gukina imikino igiye itandukanye harimo imikini y'amaboko, yakiniye amakipe agiye atandukanye ubu akinira ikipe ya Groups Scolaire Marie Reine Rwaza mu marushanwa agiye atandukanye. Yakinnye shampiyona y’igihugu ya Basketball I tegurwa FERWABA, Ishyirahamwe rya Basketball mu Rwanda, ndetse nibindi bikombe bitandukanye harimo igikombe cy'amahoro, igikombe cya gaciro, n' igikombe gitegurwa na FIBA Women's AfroBasket. Yitabiriye amarushanwa agiye atandukanye ku rwego rwa Afurika nk'irushanwa ry'imikino ya shampion league mu mukino wa basketball y'[[Umugore|abagore]]. Ni umukinnyi w'ikipe y'igihugu ya basketball y'abagore.<ref>https://ferwaba.web.geniussports.com/competitions/?WHurl=%2Fcompetition%2F37985%2Fleaders</ref> == Amashakiro == [[Ikiciro:Siporo ya basketball]] kr6yozxi11w3npsl2or0kispxse3qz4 0 18569 133344 105302 2026-06-28T07:02:45Z InternetArchiveBot 9716 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 133344 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gare ya Rwamagana''' iherereye mu intara y'iburasirazuba [[akarere ka Rwamagana]] ikaba ari ikigo abagenzi baruhukiramo mugihe babaye bategereje imodoka, kikaba gikomeye hano mu u [[Rwanda Nziza|Rwanda]] kuko cyavuguruwe kurwego rushimishije kuko cyatwaye agera muri miliyari imwe na miliyoni Magana ane (1, 390,000,000Frw), mu gihe igice cyatashywe kimaze gutwara angana na 679,676,260. Umunyamabanga wa Leta muri Muri Minisiteri y’ibikorwaremezo Eng. Jean de Dieu Uwihanganye afungura ku mugaragaro iyi Gare, yasabye abaturage gufata neza ibikorwaremezo nk’ibi baba begerejwe kandi bagaharanira kubibyaza umusaruro bakiteza imbere Ifite parikingi yakira imodoka 40, ibiro by’aho bakatira amatike n’imiryango y’ubucur<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://panorama.rw/gare-ya-rwamagana-izatwara-agera-kuri-miliyari-na-miliyoni-400/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2024-05-21 |archive-date=2024-05-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240521143641/https://panorama.rw/gare-ya-rwamagana-izatwara-agera-kuri-miliyari-na-miliyoni-400/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>uzi 20, aho abagenzi bategerereza imodoka bakaba banahikinga imvura cyangwa izuba n’ubwiherero bwujuje ibisabwa. [[Ikiciro:Akarere ka Rwamagana]] 0opky65suv58xuij9zb8wtwbha57z06 0 18604 133309 105479 2026-06-27T18:31:56Z Igiraneza Divine 15375 Impinduka 133309 wikitext text/x-wiki == AMATEKA == UWASE Joselyne asoje kwiga ikiciro cya hoteri muri IPRC Musanze. Akaba ari umukobwa ukiri muto ariko wumva ko ibitekerezo bye bifite indi ntera. == IBIKORWA == Uyu mukobwa nyuma y'uko bitabiriye Imurikabikorwa y'ihaye intego yo gukangurira (volunteerlly) Guteka indyo yuzuye ibi bikagaragazwa igipimo cy'imikurire yaho atuye ndetse n'igihugu muri rusange.<ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/uburezi/amashuri/article/niyibizi-ukora-imbaho-muri-pulasitike-n-ibarizo-yahembwe-amafaranga-miliyoni-eshatu</ref> == AMASHAKIRO; == 95c15yvtmvzk1nmupwusxe7fyvjdi8k 0 18611 133360 115526 2026-06-28T09:22:53Z InternetArchiveBot 9716 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 133360 wikitext text/x-wiki == 1.URUBYIRUKO N'IKI == [[Dosiye:Youth in action for green rwanda.jpg|thumb|317x317px]] Urubyiruko ni umuntu uri hagati y'umwaka 1 kugeza ku myaka 35 yaba umuhungu cyangwa umukobwa kandi nanone akenshi na kenshi baba bafite imbaraga zo kubaka igihugu cyababyaye bakagiteza imbere<ref>https://rw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Urubyiruko_mu_Rwanda&veaction=edit</ref> == Ibikorwa by'urubyiruko mu Rwanda == Urubyiruko rukora ibikorwa byinshi twavuamo nk'ibikorwa byo mu ikoranamuhanga, mu burezi ,mu utekano ndetse n'ibindi: Mu ikoranabuhanga twavugamo ka hari urubiruko rufite ubucuruzi bwo kuri murandasi ribingiriza amafaranga naho mu bureze ha urubyiruko rurahari ku bwinshi aho rufatanya n'Imana kurera ,barerera igihugu kandi bakiteza imbere bateza imbere igihugu naho mu mutekano ho ntawasidikanya ko mu ngabo z'u == Rwanda abenshi ari urubyiruka ngaho muri Mozambique, Centrafrica nahandi urwo rubyiruko rw'igihugu ruhitwara neza rugatahanaa intsinzi murumva rero ko ibikorwa by'urubyiruko rufitiye igihugu akamaro gakomeye ndetse n'isi muri rusange<ref>[https://www.rba.co.rw/post/Urubyiruko-rusagaibihumbi-8-rwitabiriye-ibikorwa-byurugerero-ruciye-ingando https://www.rb][https://mobile.igihe.com/amakuru/u-rwanda/article/minisitiri-w-intebe-yasoje-youthconnekt-asaba-kongera-ibikorwa-bifasha https://mobile.igihe.com/amakuru/u-rwanda/article/minisitiri-whttps://mobile.igihe.com/amakuru/u-rwanda/article/minisitiri-w-intebe-yasoje-youthconnekt-asaba-kongera-ibikorwa-bifasha-intebe-yasoje-youthconnekt-asaba-kongera-ibikorwa-bifasha][https://www.rba.co.rw/post/Urubyiruko-rusagaibihumbi-8-rwitabiriye-ibikorwa-byurugerero-ruciye-ingando a.co.rw/post/Urubyiruko-rusagaibihumbi-8-rwitabiriye-ibikorwa-byurugerero-ruciye-ingando]</ref><ref>https://mobile.igihe.com/amakuru/u-rwanda/article/minisitiri-w-intebe-yasoje-youthconnekt-asaba-kongera-ibikorwa-bifasha</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://panorama.rw/mu-rwanda-hatangije-igikorwa-cyurubyiruko-cyiswe-generation-unlimited/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2024-05-23 |archive-date=2024-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240523115737/https://panorama.rw/mu-rwanda-hatangije-igikorwa-cyurubyiruko-cyiswe-generation-unlimited/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == == amashakiro == m1f30a67azzj5s99iasp050ektkmdm9 0 19168 133343 117266 2026-06-28T06:53:33Z InternetArchiveBot 9716 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 133343 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Palast Rock Hotel located in Nyamata, Bugesera District.jpg|thumb]] '''Gahembe Bar''' iherereye  mu murenge wa Nyamata mu [[Akarere ka Bugesera|karere ka Bugesera]] mu [[Intara y'Iburasirazuba|intara y'iburasirazuba]] muri birometero 2 werekeza ku Kibuga mpuzamahanga cy’indege cya Bugesera , Aha bagufasha abagana mu Bugesera kugana aho bacumbika no gufatira amafunguro yisanzuye.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |url=https://igisabo.rw/2023/07/23/bugesera-gahembe-bar-yahindutse-igicumbi-cya-brochette-ya-mbere-mu-rwanda-imaze-kunguka-na-gahembe-motel-video/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2024-08-17 |archive-date=2024-08-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240817093844/https://igisabo.rw/2023/07/23/bugesera-gahembe-bar-yahindutse-igicumbi-cya-brochette-ya-mbere-mu-rwanda-imaze-kunguka-na-gahembe-motel-video/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Ibindi == Gahembe Bar iyi izwi ku kugira inyama zokeje bitewe kandi na Serivise igendanye n’Akaboga Brochette itunganyije neza, Ubuyobozi bwa Gahembe bar ndetse bwazanye Gahembe Motel ifite icyumba cy’inama, Akabyiniro kagezweho n’ibyumba by’amacumbi .<ref name=":0" /> == AMashakiro == [[Ikiciro:Icyaro]] [[Ikiciro:Ubu]] kjmsnnbzycdjn9jjum0034033it80gt 0 19169 133370 117267 2026-06-28T10:15:42Z InternetArchiveBot 9716 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 133370 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Ishuri rya Green Country.jpg|thumb]] '''Icyigo cya mashuri cya highland school''' ni ikigo cy'amashuri abanza kiri mu [[Akarere ka Bugesera|karere ka bugesera]] mu intara y'ibirengerazura, kimaze imyaka itari gishinzwe,  kikaba kimaze igihe kirere gikora, aho gifite abarimu babigize umwuga mu kwigisha abana . Ni  ikigo giherereye mu Karere ka Bugesera, hafi neza ya Palast Rock Hotel .<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |url=https://igisabo.rw/2023/07/15/bugesera-menya-ikigo-abana-bicyamamare-junior-umusobanuzi-wamafilimi-bigaho/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2024-08-17 |archive-date=2024-08-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240817101432/https://igisabo.rw/2023/07/15/bugesera-menya-ikigo-abana-bicyamamare-junior-umusobanuzi-wamafilimi-bigaho/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Ikigo == Ikigo cya highland school ni ikigo cy'amashuri abanza gifite abanyeshuri basaga 800 mu byiciro by’amashuri y’inshuke n’abanza.   Edouard Munyaburanga niwe muyobozi mukuru wiki kigo cya highland school arinawe wagishinze, ariko umuyobozi w’ishuri  ni Rusanganwa Charles .<ref name=":0" /> == Amashakiro == [[Ikiciro:Icyaro]] [[Ikiciro:Ubu]] 25q5x97pooq1r2fdtbycl6n9ywa6n4c 0 19331 133361 117622 2026-06-28T09:28:45Z InternetArchiveBot 9716 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 133361 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ibirwa bya Mazane''' ni ibirwa biri mu mudugugu bemerewe na nyakubahwa Perezida wa Repubulika yu Rwanda, [[Paul Kagame]] mu [[Akarere ka Bugesera|karere ka Bugesera]] mu [[Intara y'Iburasirazuba|intara y'iburasirazuba]] bwu [[Rwanda]] .<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |url=https://igisabo.rw/2023/04/23/bugesera-abavanywe-mu-birwa-bya-mazane-na-sharita-havutsemo-abahanzi-bashimira-uwabahaye/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2024-08-31 |archive-date=2024-08-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240831164054/https://igisabo.rw/2023/04/23/bugesera-abavanywe-mu-birwa-bya-mazane-na-sharita-havutsemo-abahanzi-bashimira-uwabahaye/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Umudugudu == Umudugudu wa Mbuganzeri, aba bahanzi bavuga ko wiganjemo  impano nyinshi ziri mu rubyiruko ruhabarizwa, ku buryo benshi ngo bifashishwa mu birori n’iminsi mikuru itandukanye kuva mu mududugudu kugeza no ku urwego rw’igihugu,  bakaba  bibanda ku nyigisho  zikangurira abanyarwanda kubana mu mahoro, kurinda urubyiruko ibiyobyabwenge, ubwomanzi, uburaya n’izindi ngeso mbi zitesha agaciro umunyarwanda.<ref name=":0" /> == Amashakiro == [[Ikiciro:Icyaro]] [[Ikiciro:Ubu]] [[Ikiciro:Bugesera]] 1oty8ttevil3jdeyfc84b9u8w10l34p 0 19356 133331 128263 2026-06-28T03:03:55Z InternetArchiveBot 9716 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 133331 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Bamenya series''' ni filime nyarwanda yanditswe n'uwitwa [[BENIMANA Ramadhan|Benimana Ramadhan]], ikaba ari filime yatangiye mu mwaka wa 2019. Iyi filime itambuka ku muyoboro wa YouTube wa Bamenya Series.<ref name=":0">https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/188442/Entertainment/get-to-know-rwandaas-top-local-series</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://kiny.taarifa.rw/bamenya-ukina-muri-bamenya-series-na-miss-igisabo-muri-equity-bank-bahawe-imirimo-mishya/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2024-09-03 |archive-date=2024-10-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241014013421/https://kiny.taarifa.rw/bamenya-ukina-muri-bamenya-series-na-miss-igisabo-muri-equity-bank-bahawe-imirimo-mishya/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://yegob.rw/i-kigali-haracyari-abakobwa-bumuco-teta-wo-muri-bamenya-series-yemeje-ko-akiri-isugi-yuzuye/</ref><ref>https://inyarwanda.com/inkuru/132213/pole-pole-jean-paulin-wo-muri-bamenya-series-yasohoye-filime-ye-nshya-yitwa-love-is-blind--132213.html</ref> == Amateka == Bamenya series ni filime y’uruhererekane ikundwa cyane mu Rwanda, ni filime yarebwe cyane. Mu mwaka wa 2021, umwanditsi w'iyi filime y'uruhererekane [[BENIMANA Ramadhan|Benimana Ramadhan]] yegukanye igihembo cy'umukinnyi witwaye neza kurusha abandi<ref name=":0" />. Bamenya ikaba yaragaragayemo abakinnyi nka: [[Uwase Delphine]] wamamaye nka Soleil , n'uwitwa Bijou na Kanimba. == Ishakiro == {{reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Filime]] [[Ikiciro:Rwanda]] [[Ikiciro:Filime nyarwanda]] j3vefnd2cuds0ha5fe814cbdue4zayv 0 19596 133323 121830 2026-06-28T01:30:05Z InternetArchiveBot 9716 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 133323 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Ndanda in training.jpg|thumb]]'''Nizeyimana Alphonse''',<ref>https://news.ihirwe.com/2024/12/nizeyimana-alphonse-ndanda-bridging.html</ref> uzwi cyane ku izina rya '''Ndanda Alphonse''' yavutse ku ya 1 Mutarama 1990, avukira mu mujyi wa Kigali, mu Rwanda, yatangiye umwuga we nk'umuzamu, akinira amakipe menshi akomeye yo mu Rwanda, harimo [[Rayon sports fc|Rayon Sports FC]], Mukura, na AS Kigali hamwe ni kipe nkuru y'igihugu. Atuye mu [[Ubwongereza|Bwongereza]],<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.thechoicelive.com/nizeyimana-alphonse-ndanda-yasanze-umugore-we-mu-bwongereza |title=Archive copy |access-date=2024-12-15 |archive-date=2024-12-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241215174909/https://www.thechoicelive.com/nizeyimana-alphonse-ndanda-yasanze-umugore-we-mu-bwongereza |url-status=dead }}</ref> aho yagiye mu mwuga w'ubutoza, agaragaza ko ari ambasaderi w'umupira w'amaguru mu Rwanda kuri kimwe mu byiciro byo guhangana ku isi.<ref>https://kglnews.com/ndanda-wahoze-ari-umugabo-wa-anitha-pendo-yavuze-amagambo-yuzuye-amarangamutima-kumwana-babyaranye/</ref><ref>https://inyarwanda.com/inkuru/73676/impamvu-nyamukuru-yatumye-nizeyimana-alphonse-73676.html</ref> == Umwuga == Ubu, nk'umutoza, yakoresheje ubwo bwitange mu nshingano ze nshya, atoza abakinnyi bakiri bato kandi yemeza ko bafite ibikoresho n'ubuyobozi kugira ngo batsinde. Umusanzu we ntiwazamuye gusa umupira w'amaguru mu Rwanda ahubwo wanakinguye amarembo y'abakinnyi b'u Rwanda gushakisha amahirwe mu makipe yo mu [[Burayi]], cyane cyane mu Bwongereza.<ref>https://ruhago-impitagihe.com/rw/urutonde-rwabakinnyi-abatoza-nabayobozi-bamakipe-bo-hambere/2/</ref> Abakinnyi b’u Rwanda barashobora gukomeza kungukirwa n’amasosiyete mpuzamahanga ndetse n’urubuga yashyizeho, bigatanga inzira yo kwinjiza benshi mu bakinnyi b’umupira w’amaguru bo mu Rwanda mu makipe akomeye yo mu Burayi.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://umuyoboro.rw/index.php/2022/03/08/impamvu-eshatu-zatumye-ndanda-asezererwa-na-police-fc/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2024-12-15 |archive-date=2024-12-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241215191715/https://umuyoboro.rw/index.php/2022/03/08/impamvu-eshatu-zatumye-ndanda-asezererwa-na-police-fc/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ubwitange bwa Alphonse mu guteza imbere umupira w'u Rwanda ni ntagereranywa, kandi imbaraga ze zimubera urumuri rw'ibisekuruza bizaza bifuza kugera ku rwego rwo hejuru muri siporo.<ref>http://www.isimbi.rw/siporo/article/ndanda-nyuma-yo-kwakira-ibaruwa-imusezerera-muri-kiyovu-sports-yaruciye-ararumira</ref> == Ubuzima bwite == Ndanda avuka mu [[Rwanda]] ku Gisozi, [[Akarere ka Gasabo]] mu mujyi wa [[Kigali]]. = Inkomoko = {{reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Rwanda]] [[Ikiciro:Abagabo]] [[Ikiciro:Abatoza ba Ruhago]] nu9ngwmq1v4nbri0zjcmj6pvm4ywoio 0 19770 133303 119873 2026-06-27T18:13:51Z Igiraneza Divine 15375 Impinduka 133303 wikitext text/x-wiki == Amateka y'Umwami Gihanga I Ngomijana<ref name=":0">https://www.igihe.com/umuco/amateka/amateka-y-umwami-gihanga-i-ngomijana</ref> == U Rwanda rwagiye rutegekwa n'abami batandukanye kuva rwabaho kugeza ubwo abanyamategeka babagabanyamo ibyiciro bitatu bakurikije ibihe aribyo: Abami b'ibimanuka, abami b'umushumi n' abami b'ibitekerezo.<ref name=":0" /> Abami b'ibimanuka ni abakomoka kuri Shyerezo, Abami b'umushumi ni abatazwi igihe bategekeye n'ibyabaye ku Ngoma zabo, naho Abami b'ibitekerezo ni abami bazwi neza igihe bategekeye n'ibyabaye ku ngoma zabo. Abami b'ibimanuka bahera kuri Shyerezo bakageza kuri Kazi. Naho Abami b'umushumi bahera kuri Gihanga cyahanze Inka n'Ingoma bakageza kuri Cylima I Rugwe. Abami b'ibitekerezo ari nabo ba nyuma bahera kuri Kigeli I Mukobanya bakageza ku Mwami wa nyuma w'u Rwanda ariwe Kigeli V Ndahindurwa. tukaba tugiye kubage amateka y'umwami wa mbere w'Umushumi, Gihanga I Ngomijana.<ref name=":0" /> === Gihanga Ngomijana(1091-1124)<ref name=":0" /> === Uyu mwami witwa Gihanga avugwaho byinshi kandi agafatwa nk'umuntu ngo wahanze u Rwanda. Gusa umuntu ashobora niba mbere yaho nta Rwanda rwabagaho.<ref name=":0" /> Iyo umuntu ahereye ku mateka y'abami b'ibimanuka bivugwa ko bakomoka mu ijuru, usanga bavugwa ko baba baramanukiye bwa mbere mu Mubari( mu Burasirazuba bw'u Rwanda ahitwa ku rutare rwa Kinani) aho baje basanga hatuwe kandi hategekwa muri icyo gihe n'uwitwaga Kabeja wo mu bwoko bw'abazigaba. Uyu Mwami witwa Gihanga niwe ntangiriro y'ubutegetsi bw'ingoma Nyiginya (fondateur de la Dynastie) ni nawe washyizeho gahunda y'Igihugu gitegekwa n'Abami.<ref name=":0" /> Mu ntangiriro z'ubutegetsi bwe, Gihanga nta ngoma yimanye, ahubwo yategekeshaga ibindi birango bibiri aribyo inyundo n'ikindi gikoresho cy'umuziki bita urusengo. Ibyo gushyiraho ingoma nk'ikimenyetso cy'ubwami ngo yaba yarabizaniwe n'uwitwa Rubunga nawe abikopeye mu bucurabwenge bwakoreshwaga n'abitwa Abarenge. Abarenge bari Abasinga , aribo bitwaga Abasangwabutaka (bivuga abo Abanyiginya basanze bategeka) ngo akaba ari bo barti mu gihugu mbere y'uko iriya ngoma Nyiginya iza kurutegeka. Ingoma ya mbere yakoreshejwe n'ubutegetsi bwa Gihanga yahawe izina rya Rwoga bituruka ku ijambo 'Kwogera' cyanggwa 'kwamamara'. <ref name=":0" /> Rubunga wayizaniye Gihanga ni we bakunze kwita Mwungura ari naho banakomerezaho bagira bati ni 'Mwungura wunguye ingoma ubwiru' akaba akomokwaho n'umuryango w'Abatege bituruka ku izina ry'umwe mu bakurambere baho witwaga Nyabutege. Ikoreshwa ry'ingoma nk'ikimenyetso cy'ubwami bwa Gihanga ngo ntiryakuyeho burundu ikoreshwa rya biriya bimenyetso bindi byakoreshwaga mbere ari byo urusengo n'inyundo nk'uko amateka akomeza kubigaragaza<ref name=":0" /> Urugero rwatangwa nuko iyo i bwami bamenyeshaga icibwa ry'umuntu runaka cyangwa se umuryango runaka ariko mu buryo butari burundu bakoreshaga umurishyo w'ingoma, mu gihe iyo iryo cibwa ryemezwaga mu buryo bwa burundu baritangazaga bakoresheje urusengo. N'ubwo hashidikanywa niba Gihanga ari we wahanze u Rwanda cyangwa atari we ngo ntibikuraho ko yaba yarabayeho kuko kubaho kwe kugaragarira ku kuntu uruhererekane rw'abamukurikiye mu butegetsi bamwubahiriza kandi ugasanga mu ntekerezo zose agarukamo nk'uko amateka abigaragaza. iyo umwami runaka yageraga ku butegetsi yubakishaga ingoma ye, ariko ku ruhande agashyiraho n'ahagenewe kubahiriza umukurambere Gihanga ariko bitaga urukamishirizo.<ref name=":0" /> Uretse n'ibyo kandi ngo aho umusezero(imva y'umwami) wa Gihanga wari ku gasozi ka Muganza ya Kayenzi ngo naho hakorerwaga imihango yo kumuterekera niba ari ko nabyita. Aha ngaha i bwami ngo bakaba barahoherezaga abiru bo kuhakorera imihango yabugenewe. Habga indi mihango yamukorerwaga yari ishingiye ku nka ikaba yarakorwaga n'abo mu muryango bita ABaheka: umutware wabo agatura i Runda ndetse akaba yarafatwaga nk'umwiru mukuru w'inka.<ref name=":0" /> Ntawakwirengagiza ubwoko bw'Abatsobe nabwo ngo bukomoka kuri Gihanga, kuko ngo uwo bakomokaho witwa Rutsobe ari umuhungu yabyaye hanze. Uyu muryango nawo ukaba waraje kubahwa ibwami kubera imihango y'ubwiru wakoraga, dore ko ngo banagiraga ingoma yabo yitwa Rwoma naho umurwa baturagaho ukaba wari i Kinyambi muri Runda. Umuryango w'Abatsobe wari ufite agaciro mu butegetsi bwite bw'igihugu kuko bari bashinzwe imihango y'ubwiru ijyanye n'umuganura bagatura mu karere k'u Bumbogo bakagira n'umutwe w'ingabo bayoboraga witwa Gakondo ukumoka kuri Gihanga. Ikindi kivugwa kuri Gihanga ni uko igihugu yategekaga cyarengaga imbibi z'U Rwanda tuzi ubu. Ibi bigashingirwa ku ntekerezo zigaragaza ko ubutegetsi bwe bwageraga hakurya mu burengerazuba bwa Congo aho bitaga mu Bunyabungo ndetse n'ahitwa Buhindangoma hakurya muri Rutshuru.<ref name=":0" /> Ahandi hagaragara ibirari by'amateka bishobora kwemeza ko Gihanga yabayeho ni mu majyaruguru y' u Rwanda ahitwa Buhanga hagati ya Nyamutera na Nyakinama ku bazi amazina y'uturere twa kera. Aha hagaragaraga ibigabiro by'aho uyu mwami yari atuye ariko umuntu akaba atakwemeza ko ibyo bigabiro bigihari magingo aya kubera ibikorwa by'ubuhinzi n'imiturire.<ref name=":0" /> Imwe mu mihango yakorerwaga muri aka gace ni iyakorwaga ku mfizi yitwa Rugira ngo yabanaga n'inka zitwa Ingizi nkuko uyu munyamategeka abivuga. Iyi mihango ngo yaba yaratangiye ku ngoma y'umwami Yuhi II Gahima ari nabwo umutwe w'ingabo zitwa Gakondo zatandukanaga n'izitwa Abangakungoma nyuma aba Bangakugoma bakoherezwa kuba hariya mu Buhanga. Undi murwa wa Gihanga uvugwa mu mateka, ni uwari ahitwa Nyamirembe cyangwa se Humure yo mu Mutara, aho uyu mwami ngo yaba yarageneye umuhungu we Kanyarwanda ngo azabe ari we umusimbura ku ngoma amaze gutanga.<ref name=":0" /> ==== Gihanga yarongoye Abagore benshi<ref name=":0" /> ==== Ikindi amateka agaragara, avuga ko Gihanga yagiye abyara abana batandukanye badahuje ba nyina kuko nawe yari afite abagore benshi nk'uko byari bisanzwe bimenyerewe mu Rwanda rwo ha mbere.<ref name=":0" /> Umugore wa mbere wa Gihanga ari uwitwa Nyamususa akaba umukobwa wa Jeni uturuka mu bwoko bw'Abarenge akaba yarabyaranye n'uyu mugore Kanyarwanda Gahima( Wamusimbuye ku Ngoma), Kanyandorwa Sabugabo se wa Mushambo ukomokwaho n'ubwoko bw'Abashambo( Wabaye Umwami wo mu Ndorwa) ndetse n'uwitwa Kanyabugesera Mugondo se wa Muhondogo sekuruza w'ubwoko bwa Abahondogo( Bategetse u Bugesera), ndetse na Nyirarucyaba umukuramberekazi w'ubwoko bw'Abacyaba ( Bategetse Ingoma y'u Bugara).<ref name=":0" /> Gihanga yarongoye kandi Nyangobero ukomoka mu Bunyabungo( Intara ya kivu y'Amajyepfo) barabyarana Kanyabungo Ngabo waje gutegeka mu Bunyabungo ndetse arongora na Nyirampirangwe babyarana Gashubi se wa Gashingo ukomokwaho n'abitwa Abashingo ndetse ngo babyarana n'undi mwana witwa Gafomo. Gihanga yari afite undi mugore w'inshoreke witwaga Nyirarutsobe babyarana Rutsobe umukurambere w'abo mu bwoko bw'Abatsobe.<ref name=":0" /> '''AMASHAKIRO;''' [[Ikiciro:Images from Wiki Loves Folklore 2025 in Rwanda]] hiy4llj20rvha7ufxtm1h59i4vngkez 0 20113 133363 122635 2026-06-28T09:40:38Z InternetArchiveBot 9716 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 133363 wikitext text/x-wiki Ibitaro bya Kaminuza bya Kigali (CHUK) ni ibitaro byigisha bifite ibitanda 519, biherereye muMujyi wa Kigali,[[Rwanda|mu Rwanda]]. Byashinzwe mu 1918 n'abakoloni b'ababiligi <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-09-29 |title=University Teaching Hospital of Kigali (CHUK) |url=https://www.nature.com/nature-index/institution-outputs/rwanda/university-teaching-hospital-of-kigali-chuk/5ee1c93471ba863eb058236f |access-date=2023-10-04 |website=Nature Index |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=University Central Hospital of Kigali (CHUK) |url=https://www.mip.lstmed.ac.uk/university-central-hospital-of-kigali-chuk |access-date=2023-10-04 |website=Malaria in Pregnancy Consortium |language=en}}</ref>. CHUK ni cyo kigo nderabuzima cya mbere cyashinzwe kandi kinini kurusha ibindi mu Rwanda <ref name="Report">{{Cite web |title=Report on the Health Care Sector and Business Opportunities in Rwanda |url=https://www.mip.lstmed.ac.uk/university-central-hospital-of-kigali-chuk}}</ref> . Cyagize uruhare rukomeye mu kongera kubaka urwego rw'ubuvuzi mu Rwanda nyuma ya Jenocide Cyagize uruhare rukomeye mu kongera kubaka urwego rw’ubuvuzi mu Rwanda nyuma ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994 <ref name="Report" /> . == Amateka == Inkomoko y'ibitaro bya Kaminuza bya (CHUK) yatangiye mu 1918, ubwo byashingwaga kunshuro ya mbere n'ubuyobozi bw'ingabo z'ababiligi. Icyo gihe, ikigo nderabuzima cyatangiranye n'inyubako yari yarasizwe n'abadage. Gustave Latinne, umuganga w'ingabo z'ababiligi, niwe wagizwe umuyobozi wa mbere w'iki kigo. . * '''1918''' : CHUK yatangiye urugendo rwayo nk'ikigo nderabuzima, gitanga service z'ubuvuzi ahanini zigenewe ababiligi n'abaturage baho. CHUK yatangiye urugendo rwayo nk’ikigo nderabuzima, gitanga serivisi z’ubuvuzi ahanini zigenewe Ababiligi n’abaturage bari batuye muri ako gace. * '''1965''': Nyuma yo gusanga hacyenewe ubuvuzi guhanitse, CHUK yagizwe ibitaro byuzuye, byongera ubushobozi bwabyo n'ubwoko bwa serivice zatanngwaga * '''Kuva Mata 1994 kugeza 1996''' : Mugihe cya [[Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994|jenoside yakorewe abatuts]], CHUK yagize uruhare rukomeye mu gutanga ubuvuzi, ikora inshingano zitandukanye zirimo kuba ikigo nderabuzima, ibitaro by'akarere n'ibitaro byakira abarwayi boherejwe baturutse hirya no hino mu gihugu * '''2000''' : Impinduka ikomeye mu mateka ya CHUK yabaye taliki ya 7 Ukuboza 2000, ubwo hatangizwaga itetegeko nº 41/2000. Iri tegeko ryemeje CHUK nk'ikigo cya Leta gifite ubuzimagatozi, riyihindura ibitaro bya kaminuza byitwa ku mugaragaro '''Ibitaro bya Kaminuza bya Kigali (CHUK)''' <ref>{{Cite web |title=Official Gazette nº06 of 10/02/2014 |url=https://gazettes.africa/archive/rw/2014/rw-government-gazette-dated-2014-02-10-no-6.pdf}}</ref> . == Ibikoresho == CHUK nibitaro bya leta bizwiho gutanga serivisi kubanyarwanda basanzwe bafite ubwishingizi bwabaturage. CHUK ni ibitaro bya Leta bizwiho gutanga serivisi z'ubuvuzi ku banyarwanda benshi, cyane cyane abafite ubwishingizi bw'ubuzima. Ibitaro byunganira n'inkunga itangwa na Guverinoma y'U Rwanda ndetse n'abaterankunga mpuzamahanga. * '''Ubushobozi:''' CHUK ifite ubushobozi bwa serivisi z'ubuvuzi zishingiye ku bitanda 519, bikayigira kimwe mu bigo nderabuzima binini kandi by'ingenzi mu Rwanda <ref name="Report"/> . * '''Imikorere y'Ibitaro''' : CHUK ni ibitaro by'ikitegererezo mu Rwanda, bifite uruhare rukomeye mu kuvura indwara zikomeye no kwakira abarwayi boherejwe n'ibindi bigo nderabuzima biherereye mu bice bitandukanye by'igihugu. <ref>{{Cite web |title=RWANDA HEALTH SYSTEM STRENGTHENING DESIGN TEAM SUMMARY REPORT |url=https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00JNFP.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170126213422/http://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00JNFP.pdf |archive-date=January 26, 2017}}</ref> . * '''Uburezi mu buvuzi''' : Nk'ibitaro bya Kaminuza , CHUK ifite uruhare rugaragara mu myigishirize y'ubuvuzi no mu gutanga amahugurwa y'abanyeshuri. Bikora nk’ibitaro byigisha bifatanyije na [[Kaminuza y'u Rwanda|kaminuza ya Rwanda]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Hersh |first=Melissa |date=2019-11-13 |title=Learning and teaching medicine in Rwanda: Part II |url=https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/2019/11/13/learning-and-teaching-medicine-in-rwanda-part-ii/ |access-date=2023-10-04 |website=Scope |language=en-US}}</ref> . === Kwimuka === CHUK yimuriwe ahahoze ibitaro bya kera i [[Akarere ka Nyarugenge|Nyarugenge]]<nowiki/>ijya ku bitaro bya Masak, mu karere ka [[Akarere ka Kicukiro|Kicukiro]]. Minisiteri y’Ubuzima yatangaje ko impamvu nyamukuru y’iyi kwimurwa ari imiterere y’ibikoresho n’aho ibitaro byari bisanzwe biherereye, hatari hakwiriye ku rwego rw’ibitaro bya kaminuza <ref>{{Cite web |last=Staff Writer |date=2023-07-23 |title=Kigali's University Teaching Hospital Builds New Facility |url=https://taarifa.rw/kigalis-university-teaching-hospital-builds-new-facility/ |access-date=2023-10-04 |language=en-US |archive-date=2023-10-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231005135848/https://taarifa.rw/kigalis-university-teaching-hospital-builds-new-facility/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> . Ibitaro bishya byubatswe ku nkunga y’igihugu cy’u [[Ubushinwa|Bushinwa]], bikazagira ubushobozi burenze ubwo byari bifite, kuko bizaba bifite ibitanda birenga 800, ugereranyije n’ibitanda 519 byari bihari mbere <ref>{{Cite web |last=Uwase |first=Sheena Teta |date=2023-01-11 |title=CHUK relocation construction ongoing |url=https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/4170/news/health/chuk-relocation-construction-ongoing |access-date=2023-10-04 |website=The New Times |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bahati |first=Moise M. |date=2023-08-04 |title=PHOTOS: A closer look at CHUK's future home |url=https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/9655/news/infrastructure/photos-a-closer-look-at-chuks-future-home |access-date=2023-10-04 |website=The New Times |language=en}}</ref>. == Reba kandi == * Hôpital Roi Faisal de Kigali (en) == Reba == {{Reflist}} 7317q8zj6hyw0wyga0d3ab5m0bqhhis 0 20259 133334 123805 2026-06-28T04:08:58Z InternetArchiveBot 9716 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 133334 wikitext text/x-wiki Cederberg n'imisozi itangaje cyane, imisozi igera kuri kilometero 200 (200km) mu majyaruguru ya Cape town.[https://www.nature-reserve.co.za/south-africa-info-cederberg.html] Imisozi ya Cederberg igera kuri 50km amajyaruguru - amajyepfo na 20km iburasirazuba - iburengerazuba. Bahana imbibi n'iburengerazuba na Sandveld, amajyaruguru n'imisozi ya Pakhuis, iburasirazuba n'amasoko ya Springbok n'amajyepfo n'imisozi ya Kouebokkeveld na Skurweberge. Umuhanda munini winjira,N7, ugana iburengerazuba bwurwego. Imijyi yegeranye ni Citrusdal mu majyepfo ashyira uburengerazuba na Clanwilliam mu majyaruguru. Agace gatuwe cyane. Hariho imisozi myinshi izwi muriyo harimo Sneeuberg (2026m) na Tafelberg (1969m). Tafelberg ( [[Ikinyafurikansi|Afrikaans]] ya "Umusozi wameza") ntigomba kwitiranywa n'umusozi w'ameza muri Cape Town. Ahantu nyaburanga hagaragara harimo umusaraba wa Maltese, Wolfberg Arch na Wolfberg Cracks. Ikiranga ako gace gisobanuwe neza n'amabuye y'umucanga , akenshi ritukura mu mabara. Iri tsinda ryibitare ririmo imirongo ya shale kandi mu myaka yashize havumbuwe ibintu bike by,ingenzi byavumbuwe muri ibyo byiciro. Ibisigazwa by’ibinyabuzima ni amafi ya mbere kandi byatangiye kuva miliyoni 450 kuva mugihe cya Ordovic. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Melanie Gosling |date=10 May 2005 |title=Fossilised fish 'ancestor' found in Cederberg |url=http://www.iol.co.za/index.php?set_id=14&click_id=143&art_id=vn20050510071344218C153391 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050525043216/http://www.iol.co.za/index.php?set_id=14&click_id=143&art_id=vn20050510071344218C153391 |archive-date=25 May 2005 |website=[[Cape Times]] |via=[[Wayback Machine]]}}</ref> == Ibimera n'ibinyabuzima == Ibimera byiganjemo ni Mediterranean fynbos mu bishanga byo mu majyepfo no mu burengerazuba, bigahinduka igice cy’ubutayu mu majyaruguru no mu burasirazuba.imyerezi ya Clanwilliam iri mu kaga( ''Widdringtonia wallichii'' ) yo mu muryango Cupressaceae hamwe na protea ya shelegi( ''Protea cryophila'' ) ya Proteaceae yanduye muri kariya gace, iboneka gusa mu turere twa kure cyane hejuru y’imisozi. Inyamanswa zo muri ako gace ni feids ingwe ( ''Panthera pardus'' ) na caracal(''Caracal caracal''). Izindi nyamabere zirimo hyrax (''Procavia capensis'') cyangwa "dassie", meerkats (''Suricata suricatta'') n'izindi mongoose( Herpestidae), antelopes nini''( urugero'' :bontebok Damaliscus ''pygargus dorcas'' na gemsbok ''Oryx'' ''gazella'') Hariho kandi inyoni nyinshi, [[inyamaswa]] z’inyamabere nto, ibikururuka hasi n'udukoko. Andi moko yugarijwe aboneka mu gace k'ubutayu bwa Cederberg harimo cyprinide Clanwilliam y'umuhondo ( ''Labeobarbus capensis'', abatishoboye), Clanwiliam redfin( ''Barbus calidus'',abatishoboye) na sawfin ( ''Barbus serra'', iri mu kaga). == Ibikorwa byabantu == === Amateka === Mu buvumo no hejuru y’akarere kose, ibihangano bya San rock birashobora kuboneka, gihamya y'abantu ba mbere b'abantu. Gutura mu Burayi byazanye amashyamba n’ubuhinzi bumwe na bumwe, bituma hasenywa cyane ibiti by'amasederi byaho, ibihumbi n'ibihumbi bitemwa ku nkingi za telefone, ibikoresho byo mu nzu ndetse n'amazu. Kugera kwi Burayi kwanatumye abaturage ba San bakurwaho. Mu majyaruguru,sitasiyo ya kera ya Moraviya ya Wupperthal iracyahari, umutima w’umuryango muto uhinga, kandi ubamo inganda zaho zitanga ''veldskoene'', inkweto gakondo zoroshye. Birashoboka ko Cederberg yari ikibuga cy'amajyepfo cy'intambara ya kabiri ya Boer. Itsinda rito ry'inyeshyamba za Boer ryinjiye muri kariya gace kuva muri repubulika ya Boer, mu bilometero amagana ugana mu majyaruguru, bizeye ko bazatera inkunga abaturage benshi mu bahinzi baho bakomoka mu Buholandi. Muri ibyo barananiwe; abahinzi bashobora kuba badafite impuhwe nke zo kubongereza ariko bari bafite imyumvire iboneye n'inde uzatsinda intambara. Bavuga ko abakomando ba Boer bahuye na Cederberg n'umwongereza wenyine, abategeka kwiyegurira. Baramusetse, kuko yari umwe kandi bari benshi kandi bagerageza kumutekerezaho, berekana ibyiringiro by'umwanya we. Yanze gusubira inyuma arangije arashwe. Aho yaguye ubu yitwa ''Engelsmanskloof'' ("Ikibaya cy'umwongereza"). === Ubuhinzi === Ubutaka bwo guhinga bugarukira ku butumburuke, ikirere cyumutse, hamwe n'ubutaka bw'amabuye, kandi imirima mike irahari. [[Icyayi]] cya Rooibos nicyo gihugu kizwi cyane cyoherezwa mu mahanga, nubwo imbuto n'itabi nabyo bisarurwa mu mirima imwe n'imwe. Agace ka Cederberg karimo divayi imwe, hejuru muri Afrika yepfo. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Cederberg Wines – Award-winning wines from high-altitude vineyards. |url=https://www.cederbergwine.com/ |website=cederbergwine.com}}</ref> Hafi yakarere ka Wupperthal hari imirima myinshi itunzwe . Ibihingwa bimwe na bimwe [[Umubunda (pinusi)|by'ubucuruzi]] biguma hafi ya sitasiyo y’amashyamba ya [[Aligeriya|Alijeriya]]. Proteas n'ibindi bimera bya fynbos nabyo birahingwa. Imirima itari mike yahindutse abashyitsi benshi bigaburira isoko ry'ubukerarugendo bwaho ndetse n’amahanga. === Ubukerarugendo === Nka gace k'ubutayu, ibikorwa byibanze ni ubukerarugendo bushingiye ku bidukikije, harimo gukambika,kuzamuka urutare no gutembera. Inkambi nkuru, Alijeriya, ikorwa na CapeNature, mu gihe izindi nka Sanddrif, Driehoek, Jamaka na Kromrivier zikorera ku giti cyabo kandi zigashinga Cedarberg Conservancy, ishyirahamwe ku bushake bwa ba nyir'ubutaka. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Cederberg Conservancy |url=https://www.cederberg.co.za/about |access-date=6 December 2023}}</ref> Cederberg izwi cyane kubera ubwiza bw'inzira zo kuzamuka ku rutare cyane cyane izengurutse impinga ya Krakadouw na Tafelberg. Imeza Umusozi Sandstone ikora ibintu byiza byinzira zidasanzwe. Hariho urugendo rwinshi n'ijoro harimo ibyamamare kandi bitangaje bya Wolfberg Arch, Wolfberg Cracks na Maltese Cross. Aka gace kandi karimo indorerezi y’inyenyeri yikunda, ikunze kwakira n'imugoroba ifunguye k'ubantu rusange. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Cederberg Astronomical Observatory |url=https://www.cederbergobs.org.za/ |website=cederbergobs.org.za |access-date=2025-07-26 |archive-date=2024-08-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240830113153/https://www.cederbergobs.org.za/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Hariho inzira zitandukanye 4x4. Agace kanini ko mu majyaruguru ya Cederberg gafite Itorero rya Moraviya. Umudugudu wuzuye wa Wuperthal ugizwe n'inzira ya misiyoni itanga abashyitsi uburyo bushimishije bw'ubuzima bwo mu cyaro. Umudugudu kandi n'ikigo kizwi cyane cyakozwe n'intoki zikozwe mu ruhu n'inkweto. Imwe muri "buite stasies" (bisobanurwa mu buryo butaziguye nka sitasiyo yo hanze) ni Heuningvlei, agace gato keza cyane kari mu nzira yo gutunganya inzira y'amagare y'indogobe kuva mu mpinga ya Pakhuis Pass kugera mu mudugudu. Uyu mushinga wo kurwanya ubukene uterwa inkunga n’ishami rishinzwe ibidukikije n’ubukerarugendo, urimo gushiraho amacumbi y’ibikapu, ubusitani bw’ibimera n’andi masoko atandukanye y’ubukerarugendo. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Cederberg Heritage Route |url=http://www.cedheroute.co.za/ |access-date=7 January 2019 |website=cedheroute.co.za}}</ref> == Amashakiro == [[Ikiciro:Pages with unreviewed translations]] sz956i41hdrh3rx8k99ysvhy5vjdgac 0 20373 133353 123873 2026-06-28T08:06:22Z InternetArchiveBot 9716 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 133353 wikitext text/x-wiki '''HATEGEKIMANA Richard''' ni Umwanditsi w'ibitabo, akaba n'umuyobozi mukuru w'Urugaga rw'Abanditsi mu Rwanda<ref>https://inyarwanda.com/rw/amakuru/hategekimana-richard-yongeye-gutorerwa-kuyobora-urugaga-rwabanditsi-ahiga-guteza-imbere-um-142130</ref> ndetse akaba n'umuyobozi mukuru wa Kompanyi yitwa Africa Oasis Ltd. Yanditse ibitabo byinshi bitandukanye harimo nk'ikivuga ku bigwi by'umukuru w'Igihugo cy'u Rwanda Perezida Paul. <ref>https://mobile.igihe.com/umuco/ibitabo/article/hategekimana-richard-yamuritse-igitabo-kivuga-ibigwi-bya-perezida-kagame</ref> Yanditse igitabo cy’ubudasa kivuga ku matora y’u Rwanda. <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://igisabo.rw/2025/02/14/hategekimana-richard-agiye-kumurika-igitabo-cyubudasa-kivuga-ku-matora-yu-rwanda/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2025-09-06 |archive-date=2025-12-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251211065845/https://igisabo.rw/2025/02/14/hategekimana-richard-agiye-kumurika-igitabo-cyubudasa-kivuga-ku-matora-yu-rwanda/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Amashakiro == s3z3fypsw51xhfgzkn7lthach26jaha 0 21382 133338 132012 2026-06-28T05:31:09Z InternetArchiveBot 9716 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 133338 wikitext text/x-wiki Dorcy RUGAMBA Yavutse mu kwa cyenda 1969 Yavukiye i Kigali Ubwenegihugu: Rwanda Ishuri yizemo: National University of Rwanda Ishuri yarangirijemo: Catholic University of Louvain Akazi akora: Umukinnyi wa filime Ibindi akora: Umuyobozi w'ubuhanzi Abana afite: 3 '''Dorcy Rugamba''' (yavutse mu 1969) ni umwanditsi wo mu Rwanda, umukinnyi, umubyinnyi, n’umuyobozi wa stage. Kubera ko yarokotse [[Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi muri 1994|itsembabwoko ryo mu Rwanda ryo]] mu 1994, aho ababyeyi be ndetse n'umuryango we benshi biciwe, imirimo ye myinshi y'ibanze kuri iyi na jenoside. Yakinnye kandi muri firime. Yashinze u Rwanda Arts Initiative na Kigali Triennial. Memoire ye yo muri 2024 yeguriwe umuryango we udahari, ''Hewa Rwanda, une lettre aux absents(ibaruwa ku badahari) aboneka'' irimo gutangwa mu buhinduzi bw'icyongereza nk'igitaramo cyaherekejwe n'umuziki, cyiswe ''Hewa Rwanda, Ibaruwa yandikiwe abadahari(Letter to the absent)'', cyerekanwe muri Gashyantare 2025 mu iserukiramuco rya Adelaide muri Ositaraliya. == Ubuzima bwa mbere n'uburezi == Dorcy Rugamba yavukiye mu Rwanda mu mwaka wa 1969, <ref name="africities">{{Cite web |title=Dorcy Rugamba Archives |url=https://africities.org/speakers/dorcy-rugamba/ |access-date=26 February 2025 |website=Africities The most important democratic gathering in Africa |archive-date=26 February 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250226015228/https://africities.org/speakers/dorcy-rugamba/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> umuhungu wa Sipiriyani na Daphrose Rugamba . Sipiriyani Rugamba (umugabo w’Abahutu ) yari umwanditsi, umunyabukorikori, umuhimbyi, n’umuyobozi ushinzwe ingoro ndangamurage, naho Daphrose yari umugore [[Abatutsi|w’umututsi]] . <ref name="automne">{{Cite web |title=Dorcy Rugamba |url=https://www.festival-automne.com/en/artists/dorcy-rugamba |access-date=26 February 2025 |website=Festival d'Automne}}</ref> Aba bashakanye bamenyesheje u Rwanda Rwiza Gatolika n’umuryango wa Emmanuel mu 1990. <ref name="lacroix2015">{{Cite web |last=Lesegretain |first=Claire |date=16 September 2015 |title=L'Église se penche sur la sainteté d'un couple rwandais |url=https://www.la-croix.com/Religion/Actualite/L-Eglise-se-penche-sur-la-saintete-d-un-couple-rwandais-2015-09-16-1357038 |access-date=26 February 2025 |website=[[La Croix (newspaper)|La Croix]] |language=fr}}</ref> Dorcy yamenyekanye mu buhanzi bwo gukora na se. <ref name="automne"/> Yatoje kubyina gakondo yu Rwanda, [[Intore]] . <ref name="africities"/> Yabanje kwiga mu ishami rya farumasi muri [[Kaminuza nkuru y’u Rwanda|kaminuza nkuru y'u Rwanda]] . <ref name="africities"/>[a]Mu gihe Rugamba yari afite imyaka nka 25 icyo gihe, yasuye nyirasenge mu majyepfo y’u Rwanda, saa kumi za mu gitondo ku ya 7 Mata 1994 inzu y’umuryango we i Kigali yibasiwe n’interahamwe z’Abahutu. Uyu wari umunsi umwe nyuma y’iyicwa rya perezida, ryaranze itangira rya[[Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi muri 1994|Jenoside yo mu Rwanda]] . <ref name="lacroix2015"/> Icyo gihe abasirikare bakusanyije abantu bose bari mu ngo: abana batandatu ba Sipiriyani na Daphrose, barimo abakobwa babiri bafite imyaka icyenda n'irindwi, na mubyara wabo w'imyaka itandatu, hamwe n'umukozi w'umuryango hamwe n'ababyeyi be. Bose bishwe n'imbunda, usibye umwe mu bavandimwe b'ingimbi ba Rugamba, wari utwikiriwe n'imirambo y'abandi. Abasirikare bamaze kugenda, umuhungu yerekeje kuri telefone ahamagara Rugamba. Amaze kubwirwa uko byagenze, yahunze igihugu, abanza kujya mu [[Uburundi|Burundi]], nyuma yaho ajya i [[Paris]], nyuma ajya mu [[Ububiligi|Bubiligi]]. Mu minsi irenga 100, abantu bagera kuri miliyoni barishwe. Yirengagije impamyabumenyi ye ya farumasi (atigeze yishimira nubundi), Rugamba yerekeje mu buhanzi kugira ngo bimufashe gukira no kumva ibyabaye. Yize muri Royal de Liège ya Conservatoire mu Bubiligi, aho yatsindiye igihembo cya mbere mu buhanzi bw'ikinamico. <ref name="automne"/> <ref name="africities"/> == Umwuga == Rugamba yashinze isosiyete ye ya mbere y'indirimbo n'imbyino yise Isango; ayishinga i Butare mu [[Intara y'amajyepfo|ntara y'amajyepfo]] y'u Rwanda mu 1992. <ref name="africities"/> Yabaye umwe mu bandiitsi b'igitabo rusange ''cy’u Rwanda 94'', cyakozwe mu 1998 itsinda ry’abahanzi baturutse mu bice bitandukanye ndetse n’ibihugu bitandukanye bikorera mu Bubiligi ryitwa Groupov. Rugamba yari umwe mu banditsi kandi yanakinnye amasaha atandatu. ''U Rwanda 94'' rwerekanwe bwa mbere mu 1999 mu iserukiramuco rya d'Avignon mu Bufaransa, ruzenguruka isi yose, kandi ryegukana ibihembo byinshi mu Bubiligi ndetse no mu Bufaransa. Mu 2004, mu rwego rwo kwizihiza imyaka 10 nyuma ya [[Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi muri 1994|Jenoside yo mu Rwanda]], imirimo yabo yerekaniwe i [[Butare]], [[Kigali]], na [[Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Bisesero|Bisesero]], mu Rwanda. <ref name="africities"/> Mu 2001, yashinze Amahugurwa ya "Urw'intore" i Kigali, agamije kwigisha ubuhanzi, guhanga, n'ubushakashatsi. <ref name="africities"/> Mu 2005, yabaye umwe mu bakinnye banayobora muri ''L'Instruction'', ikinamico ya Peter Weiss ishingiye ku rubanza rw’abakoze Auschwitz. <ref name="automne"/><ref>{{Cite web |title=Bouffes du Nord |url=https://www.theatreonline.com/Spectacle/L-instruction/17500 |access-date=26 February 2025 |website=THEATREonline |language=fr}}</ref>Uyu murimo wakorewe mu Rwanda, Ubufaransa, Ububiligi, Ubwongereza, Ubuyapani, na Amerika. <ref name="africities"/> Rugamba yakoranye na sosiyete ya Peter Brook, <ref name="ispa">{{Cite web |title=ISPA 2025 New York Congress – Dorcy Rugamba |url=https://www.ispa.org/page/congress_ny25_speaker_dorcy |access-date=26 February 2025 |website=International Society for the Performing Arts}}</ref> ndetse na Rosa Gasquet n’umuyobozi w’[[Ubusuwisi]] Milo Rau, hagati ya 2004 na 2008. <ref name="africities"/> Yakoranye kandi n’ikinamico y’Ababiligi. Mu 2007 yanditse kandi akora ''Iperereza'', ashingiye kuri [[Itsembabwoko ry’Abayahudi|Jenoside yakorewe Abayahudi]], asobanura uburyo igihugu gikemura ibibazo by'ihungabana. Harimo abakinnyi b’Abanyarwanda gusa, ikinamico yateguwe ku rwego mpuzamahanga, harimo Bruxelles, [[Paris]], New York, Chicago, na [[Yokohama]] . Rugamba yanditse ikinamico yitwa Bloody ''Niggers!'', yakozwe mu 2007 muri Théâtre y'igihugu ya Wallonie-Bruxelles <ref>{{Cite web |title=Bouffes du Nord |url=https://www.theatreonline.com/Spectacle/L-instruction/17500 |access-date=26 February 2025 |website=THEATREonline |language=fr}}</ref> <ref name="africities"/> kandi yerekanwa mu 2016 i Hamburg, mu Budage. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McEwen |first=Isabelle |date=23 September 2019 |title=Bloody Niggers! |url=https://mcewen.eu/en/portfolio/bloody-niggers/ |access-date=26 February 2025 |website=Isabelle McEwen |archive-date=27 March 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250327030347/https://mcewen.eu/en/portfolio/bloody-niggers/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Yanditse kandi ''Retour de Kigali'' . Mu mwaka wa 2010, yateguye umukino yise ''Gusubira muri paradizo'' mu isambu i Yvelines, mu Bufaransa. Impapuro zerekana, zitwa ''Isoko'', zatanzwe muri uwo mwaka umwe nubundi. Yayoboye umurimo mushya, ''Abakina urusimbi: cyangwa Intambara ya nyuma y’umusirikare ushonje'', yerekanwe muri Mata 2011 muri Zuiderspershuis i Antwerp, mu Bubiligi. <ref name="africities"/> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Bouffes du Nord |url=https://www.theatreonline.com/Spectacle/L-instruction/17500 |access-date=26 February 2025 |website=THEATREonline |language=fr}}</ref> Rwanda Arts Initiative, yashinzwe na Rugamba mu 2012, yateguye imishinga ye myinshi. <ref name="ispa"/> Mu mwaka wa 2018, yateje imbere, ari kumwe n'abahanzi Yolander Gutiérrez na Jens Dietrich, igitaramo kihariye cyiswe ''Planet Kigali'', yasobanuye "Guhuza imigenzo y'u Rwanda n'imbyino zigezweho z'iki gihe". Iki gitaramo cyerekanywe ku ya 12 Ukuboza 2018 i Kampnagel i Hamburg, mu Budage. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Bouffes du Nord |url=https://www.theatreonline.com/Spectacle/L-instruction/17500 |access-date=26 February 2025 |website=THEATREonline |language=fr}}</ref> Muri 2019 yakoze opera ''Umurinzi'' ("umurinzi"), kugira ngo yibuke imyaka 25 y'itsembabwoko ry'abatutsi, kandi yatewe inkunga n’umuco wo mu Rwanda witwa "Gutereka". ''Umurunzi'' yakiniwe mu [[Kigali Convention Centre|kigo cya Kigali]] (Kigali Convention Centre). Inyandiko ishingiye ku buhamya bw'abacitse ku icumu rya Jenoside. Ikinamico yakozwe mu ndimi enye: [[Ikinyarwanda|Kinyarwanda]] (ururimi rwemewe rw'u Rwanda), [[Icyongereza]], [[Igifaransa]], na [[Igiswahili|Kiswahili]], ururimi rwa Afurika y'Iburasirazuba. Opera yerekanwe no kuri Televiziyo y'u Rwanda, kandi igice cyayo kiraboneka kuri YouTube. Muri 2019 yari amaze gukina ikinamico zigera muri zirindwi zerekeye itsembabwoko. Muri Werurwe 2020, yashyizeho ''Les restes suprêmes'', yibanda ku murage nyafurika w’ingoro ndangamurage z’i Burayi, ayikora kandi ayikinira muri Dakar Biennale mu 2022. <ref name="automne"/> <ref name="ispa"/> Mu Kwakira 2020, muri Théâtre du Châtelet i Paris, yatangiye ubufatanye n’umuyobozi wa filime wa Mauritania Abderrahmane Sissako gutegura opera ''Le vol du Boli'', hamwe n’umuziki wakozwe n'umucuranzi w’umwongereza Damon Albarn . <ref name="ispa"/> === ''Hewa Rwanda'' === Muri Werurwe 2024, inyandiko ye yeguriye umuryango we udahari <ref name="automne"/> kandi nk'impano ku bana be, ''Hewa Rwanda, une lettre aux absents(ibaruwa ku badahari)'', yasohowe na Éditions JC Lattès . <ref name="automne" />Yishimiwe cyane, kandi itorwa muri Prix Renaudot . <ref name="ispa"/> Igitabo cyasohotse mu Cyongereza nka ''Hewa Rwanda, Ibaruwa yandikiwe abadahari'' . <ref name="tnwb2024">{{Cite web |date=17 October 2024 |title=Hewa Rwanda Lettre aux absents • Dorcy Rugamba Majnun |url=https://www.theatrenational.be/en/activities/3823-hewa-rwanda-lettre-aux-absents-o-dorcy-rugamba-majnun |access-date=26 February 2025 |website=[[Théâtre national Wallonie-Bruxelles|Théâtre National]]}}</ref> <ref name="theaterformen2024">{{Cite web |date=23 June 2024 |title=Hewa Rwanda |url=https://www.theaterformen.de/en/programme-2024/hewa-rwanda |access-date=26 February 2025 |website=[[Festival Theaterformen]] |archive-date=26 February 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250226055342/https://www.theaterformen.de/en/programme-2024/hewa-rwanda |url-status=dead }}</ref>​​ <ref name="theaterformen2024" />​Muri Kamena 2024, yamuritse umukino witwa kimwe n'uwa Großes Haus muri Braunschweig, mu Ukwakira mu mukino wa Bouffes du Nord nk'agace ka Festival d'automne à Paris [fr]<ref name="nord">{{Cite web |title=Hewa Rwanda |url=https://www.bouffesdunord.com/en/season-section/hewa-rwanda-en |access-date=26 February 2025 |website=[[Théâtre des Bouffes du Nord]]}}</ref> afatanije n'abanya Senegal bacuranga ibikoresho byinshi bitwa Majnun, izina ryabo risobanura "umusazi" [[Icyarabu|mu Cyarabu]] . Ku ya 18 Mutarama 2025, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Bouffes du Nord |url=https://www.theatreonline.com/Spectacle/L-instruction/17500 |access-date=26 February 2025 |website=THEATREonline |language=fr}}</ref> mbere yo gutangwa mu iserukiramuco rya Adelaide ryabereye i Adelaide , muri Ositaraliya, muri Werurwe 2025. <ref name="tnwb2024" /> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Bouffes du Nord |url=https://www.theatreonline.com/Spectacle/L-instruction/17500 |access-date=26 February 2025 |website=THEATREonline |language=fr}}</ref> iki gitabo, akoresha ubuhanzi nk'uburyo bwo gukiza. <ref name="abc2025">{{Cite web |last=Kelsey-Sugg |first=Anna |last2=Ellen |first2=Rosa |date=24 February 2025 |title=Dorcy Rugamba shares a story both devastating and hopeful in Hewa Rwanda: Letter to the Absent |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2025-02-25/hewa-rwanda-letter-to-the-absent-adelaide-festival-dorcy-rugamba/104966770 |access-date=26 February 2025 |website=[[ABC News (Australia)|ABC News]]}}</ref> Yanditse kuri iki gitabo: "Mu gihe ''Hewa Rwanda, Ibaruwa yandikiwe Abadahari'' ivuga ku itsembabwoko, ibibazo by’icyunamo, ndetse n’umuryango wari hafi kurimbuka, nashakaga mbere na mbere ko bitaba inyandiko yo kwibuka ahubwo ko ari indirimbo y'ubuzima, bityo imvugo y’inyandiko ikubiyemo nkana umucyo, urwenya, imivugo, umuziki, ndetse n’ubuzima mu bice byose". Akazi nigikorwa cyu Rwanda Arts Initiative. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McEwen |first=Isabelle |date=23 September 2019 |title=Bloody Niggers! |url=https://mcewen.eu/en/portfolio/bloody-niggers/ |access-date=26 February 2025 |website=Isabelle McEwen |archive-date=27 March 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250327030347/https://mcewen.eu/en/portfolio/bloody-niggers/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Iki gitaramo kandi kirimo gutegurwa inshuro eshatu mu rwego rwa WOMADelaide, n’umunsi mukuru w’umuziki n'imbyino zo hanze biri mu birori bya Adelayide. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Bouffes du Nord |url=https://www.theatreonline.com/Spectacle/L-instruction/17500 |access-date=26 February 2025 |website=THEATREonline |language=fr}}</ref> Muri iki kiganiro, avuga ku byo yigiye ku babyeyi be n’ibyo yabonye, ndetse n’igihe byamutwaye "kwemera ibitemewe". Mu kwerekana ibikorwa nk'ibi, akomeza kuba hafi y'abadahari, yubahiriza ubuzima bwabo kandi akabona ubwiza n'ubusizi ku isi. <ref name="nord" /> === Filime === Rugamba kandi yagaragaye kuri ecran, haba nka we ndetse n'umukinnyi. Ni we uvuga mu nkuru (narrator) mu ikinamico-nyakuri yo mu 2016 yerekeye ababyeyi be, ''J’entrerai au ciel en dansant'' (Nzajya mu ijuru mpamiriza).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bouffes du Nord |url=https://www.theatreonline.com/Spectacle/L-instruction/17500 |access-date=26 February 2025 |website=THEATREonline |language=fr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Bouffes du Nord |url=https://www.theatreonline.com/Spectacle/L-instruction/17500 |access-date=26 February 2025 |website=THEATREonline |language=fr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=McEwen |first=Isabelle |date=23 September 2019 |title=Bloody Niggers! |url=https://mcewen.eu/en/portfolio/bloody-niggers/ |access-date=26 February 2025 |website=Isabelle McEwen |archive-date=27 March 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250327030347/https://mcewen.eu/en/portfolio/bloody-niggers/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Yakinnye ari inzirakarengane muri filime yo muri 2021 ya AfrofUrist ''Nephost'', iyobowe na Playwright Falowright n'Umukinnyi wa Filimenia [[Uwizeyimana Anisziya|Uzeyman]] n'umucuranzi wa Amerika na Multimediya Sawuli Williams (wanditse amashusho). <ref>{{Cite web |title=Bouffes du Nord |url=https://www.theatreonline.com/Spectacle/L-instruction/17500 |access-date=26 February 2025 |website=THEATREonline |language=fr}}</ref> == Ibindi bikorwa == Mu mwaka wa 2012, Rugamba yashinze ikigo cy’ubuhanzi cy’u Rwanda. <ref name="ispa"/> Yagaragaye mu nama [[Africities|y’Abanyafurika]] yabereye i Kisumu, muri Kenya, <ref name="africities"/> ibirori by’Abanyafurika bikorwa buri myaka itatu ikabera muri kamwe mu turere dutanu twa Afurika, muri Gicurasi 2022, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Bouffes du Nord |url=https://www.theatreonline.com/Spectacle/L-instruction/17500 |access-date=26 February 2025 |website=THEATREonline |language=fr}}</ref> Muri Gashyantare 2024 yashinze kandi aba n'umuyobozi w'ubuhanzi wa Kigali Triennial, isoko ry'ubuhanzi rya Kigali. <ref name="automne"/> <ref name="ispa"/> ''Marembo'' avuga iminsi ya nyuma y'umuryango we mu Rwanda mu bisigo, <ref name="africities"/>kandi yakorewe muri Triennial ya Kigali. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Bouffes du Nord |url=https://www.theatreonline.com/Spectacle/L-instruction/17500 |access-date=26 February 2025 |website=THEATREonline |language=fr}}</ref> Rugamba yavugiye muri ISPA (Umuryango mpuzamahanga ushinzwe ubuhanzi) mu 2025 muri Kongere yabereye New York. <ref name="ispa"/> == Ubuzima bwe bwite == Kugeza ubu muri 2025, Rugamba atuye muri Brussels, mu Bubiligi ariko akaba amara igihe kinini mu Rwanda.<ref name="automne"/><ref name="nord"/> Avuga Igifaransa neza cyane "nk'ururimi rwe kavukire ", kandi yandika mu gifaransa. Afite urugo; arubatse, afite abahungu babiri n'umukobwa umwe, bavukiye mu Bubiligi bajya mu ishuri "risanzwe" ryaho. Abavandimwe be barokotse hamwe n'abana babo baracyaba mu Rwanda, aho "bidashoboka kubarinda amateka yacu", mu gihe abana be bwite bashobora kwishimira ubuto bw'umwere. == Akajambo k'epfo == <nowiki>.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</nowiki> == Reba == # {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994]] 159d4qe4eap7rztun6py66nw08e81l3 0 21390 133295 130981 2026-06-27T13:57:16Z B.Scalling 15089 133295 wikitext text/x-wiki {{merge|Isimbi Alliance}} {{Infobox}}{{Databox|excludeProperties=Q118713177}} '''Alliance Isimbi''' (uzwi kandi ku izina rye ry'ubuhanzi '''Alliah Cool''' ) ni umukinnyi wa filime [[Rwanda|wo mu Rwanda]], umukinnyi wa filime na producer, wavutse ku ya 9 Gicurasi 1989 <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title="Ku isabukuru yanjye ndishimye, ariko sintuje" - Isimbi Alliance (Nelly) {{!}} InyaRwanda.com |url=https://inyarwanda.com/rw/amakuru/-ku-isabukuru-yanjye-ndishimye-ariko-sintuje--isimbi-alliance--57913 |access-date=2025-10-13 |website=inyarwanda.com |language=en}}</ref> . Ni umuntu uzwi cyane muri sinema Nyarwanda, cyane cyane kubera kwagura umwuga we akagera ku rwego mpuzamahanga, nko muri Nollywood (Nijeriya). == Umwuga wa film == Alliance Isimbi yeeagaragaye bwa mbere muri filimi y'uruhererekana . yacaga kuri television Rwanda izwi nka Rwasa<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title="Ku isabukuru yanjye ndishimye, ariko sintuje" - Isimbi Alliance (Nelly) {{!}} InyaRwanda.com |url=https://inyarwanda.com/rw/amakuru/-ku-isabukuru-yanjye-ndishimye-ariko-sintuje--isimbi-alliance--57913 |access-date=2025-10-13 |website=inyarwanda.com |language=en}}</ref> . Arakora kandi nkutegura filimi afite intego yo gushishikariza abakobwa bakiri bato bo muri Afrika gukurikira inzozi zabo binyuze mubikorwa bye <ref>{{Cite web |title=Our Story |url=https://isimbi-group.com/our-story/ |access-date=13 octobre 2025 |website=Isimbi Group}}</ref> . Yaguye umwuga we ku rwego mpuzamahanga, akorana n'ibigo byitangazamakuru muri[[Nijeriya]] <ref name=":1" /> .Yakoze ku mushinga ''Accidental Vacation'' afatanyije n’abahanga bo muri Nijeriya nka Anita Alaire Afoke Asuoha (Real Warri Pikin), kandi yabonye ibihembo muri Nijeriya kubera uruhare rwe mu ruganda rw’imyidagaduro <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=28 novembre 2023 |title=Rwandan Actress Alliah Cool Awarded in Nigeria |url=https://allafrica.com/stories/202311280030.html |access-date=13 octobre 2025 |website=allAfrica.com}}</ref> . == Amashusho == * Rwasa (Urukurikirane) <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title="Ku isabukuru yanjye ndishimye, ariko sintuje" - Isimbi Alliance (Nelly) {{!}} InyaRwanda.com |url=https://inyarwanda.com/rw/amakuru/-ku-isabukuru-yanjye-ndishimye-ariko-sintuje--isimbi-alliance--57913 |access-date=2025-10-13 |website=inyarwanda.com |language=en}}</ref> * Alliah Filime <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=28 novembre 2023 |title=Rwandan Actress Alliah Cool Awarded in Nigeria |url=https://allafrica.com/stories/202311280030.html |access-date=13 octobre 2025 |website=allAfrica.com}}</ref> * Good Book, Bad cover <ref name=":1" /> * Lockdown <ref>{{Cite web |title=Our Story |url=https://isimbi-group.com/our-story/ |access-date=13 octobre 2025 |website=Isimbi Group}}</ref> * Accident Vocation == Kwiyemeza no Gutandukanya == Mu kwezi kwa Gashyantare 2022, Alliance Isimbi yatorewe kuba Ambasaderi Mpuzamahanga w’Amahoro (International Peace Ambassador) n’Umuryango Mpuzamahanga w’Abaharanira Amahoro ku Isi (IAWPA), bishimira uruhare rwe n’umuhate afite <ref>{{Cite web |title=Our Story |url=https://isimbi-group.com/our-story/ |access-date=13 octobre 2025 |website=Isimbi Group}}</ref> , <ref>{{Cite web |title=Our Story |url=https://isimbi-group.com/our-story/ |access-date=13 octobre 2025 |website=Isimbi Group}}</ref> . == Reba == {{Portail|Cinéma|Rwanda}} ixcitc8qpdjyjijgd602utos5c405eb 0 21607 133316 128360 2026-06-27T23:47:15Z InternetArchiveBot 9716 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 133316 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Irushanwa rya Kwibuka ry’abagore rya T20 ryo muri 2024''' ryarirushanwa mpuzamahanga rya Twenty20 (T20I) ryabereye mu [[Rwanda]] kuva kuya 30 Gicurasi kugeza kuya 8 Kamena 2024. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Eight countries confirmed for 2024 Kwibuka women T20 tourney |url=https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/15835/sports/cricket/eight-countries-confirmed-for-2024-kwibuka-women-t20-tourney |access-date=13 May 2024 |website=The New Times}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Cricket: Rwanda confirm Nigeria, six others for 10th Kwibuka |url=https://punchng.com/cricket-rwanda-confirm-nigeria-six-others-for-10th-kwibuka/ |access-date=10 April 2024 |website=Punch Newspapers}}</ref> Ryari irushanwa rya cumi ngarukamwaka rya Kwibuka T20, ryakinwe bwambere muri 2014 mu rwego rwo kwibuka abazize [[Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi muri 1994|jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994.]] <ref name="czar">{{Cite web |title=Rwanda Cricket to organize 10th edition of Kwibuka Memorial tournament in May/June 2024 |url=https://czarsportzauto.com/kwibuka-memorial-womens-t20-2024/ |access-date=13 May 2024 |website=Czarsportz}}</ref> Amakipe yitabiriye ni Botswana, Kameruni, Kenya, Malawi, Nijeriya, u Rwanda, Uganda na Zimbabwe A. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rwanda, Cameroon to face off in Kwibuka women's T20 opener |url=https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/17160/sports/cricket/rwanda-cameroon-to-face-off-in-kwibuka-womens-t20-opener |access-date=28 May 2024 |website=The New Times}}</ref> Irushanwa ryari rigizwe n’imikino yo kuzenguruka, nyuma y’aho amakipe abiri yambere yerekeje kumukino wanyuma. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwibuka T20: Female Yellow Greens in tough battles for places |url=https://punchng.com/kwibuka-t20-female-yellow-greens-in-tough-battles-for-places/ |access-date=24 May 2024 |website=Punch Newspapers}}</ref> U Rwanda nirwo rwatwaye igikombe, rumaze kwegukana irushanwa kunshuro ya mbere muri 2023. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rwanda deny Victoria Pearls third Kwibuka title |url=https://kawowo.com/2023/06/17/rwanda-deny-victoria-pearls-third-kwibuka-title/ |access-date=17 June 2023 |website=[[Kawowo Sports]]}}</ref> Intsinzi yatsinzwe n'u Rwanda kumanota 12 yatumye Uganda iba iya mbere mukubona umwanya wa nyuma, kuko yatsinze buri mukino mumikino itandatu yambere. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Victoria Pearls win against Rwanda to make consecutive Kwibuka Final |url=https://kawowo.com/2024/06/06/victoria-pearls-win-against-rwanda-to-make-consecutive-kwibuka-final/ |access-date=6 June 2024 |website=Kawowo Sports}}</ref> Ibi byanasobanuye kikipe yakiriye iyimikino yagombaga kuba yaragombaga gutsinda Zimbabwe A mumukino wayo wa nyuma mw'irushanwa ryo gusiganwa kumaguru kugira ngo ibone amahirwe yokugera kumukino wa nyuma. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rwanda face Zim test in pursuit of Kwibuka T20 final slot |url=https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/17444/sports/cricket/rwanda-face-zim-test-in-pursuit-of-kwibuka-t20-final-slot |access-date=7 June 2024 |website=The New Times}}</ref> U Rwanda rwabashije gutsinda umukino, ariko amahirwe yogutsinda ntabwo yari ahagije kugira ngoyemererwe kugera kumukino wa nyuma, kuko Zimbabwe yazamutse ku gipimo cy'amanota . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwibuka T20: Rwanda to play for third place as Uganda and Zimbabwe vie for title |url=https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/17481/sports/cricket/kwibuka-t20-rwanda-to-play-for-third-place-as-uganda-and-zimbabwe-vie-for-title |access-date=8 June 2024 |website=The New Times}}</ref> Uganda yatsinze Zimbabwe A kumanota 2 mumukino wanyuma wari ugoye cyane kandi ufite amanota make. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Victoria Pearls win 4th Kwibuka title in low-scoring thriller against Zimbabwe |url=https://kawowo.com/2024/06/09/victoria-pearls-win-4th-kwibuka-title-in-low-scoring-thriller-against-zimbabwe/ |access-date=9 June 2024 |website=Kawowo Sports}}</ref> U Rwanda rwatsinze Nijeriya ruhita rwegukana umwanya wagatatu, Kenya itsinda Botswana mumukino wo guhatanira umwanya wa gatanu, naho Malawi ifata umwanya wa karindwi imbere ya Kameruni. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uganda win Kwibuka T20 Tournament in Rwanda |url=https://www.cricketeurope.com/DATABASE/ARTICLES2024/articles/000005/000571.shtml |access-date=8 June 2024 |website=Cricket Europe |archive-date=9 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240609064446/https://www.cricketeurope.com/DATABASE/ARTICLES2024/articles/000005/000571.shtml |url-status=dead }}</ref> Kelis Ndhlovu womuri Zimbabwe niwe watowe nk'umukinnyi w'irushanwa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uganda women win Kwibuka T20 title as Rwanda claim third place |url=https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/17497/sports/cricket/uganda-women-win-kwibuka-t20-title-as-rwanda-claim-third-place |access-date=9 June 2024 |website=The New Times}}</ref> == Amatsinda == {| class="wikitable" ! Botswana<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Botswana Women's cricket team is gearing up for an exciting journey to Kigali, Rwanda, to participate in the prestigious annual Kwibuka Women’s T20 International Tournament |url=https://www.facebook.com/share/p/qeq4ErSg4t6ivCqA/ |access-date=23 May 2024 |website=Botswana Cricket Association |via=Facebook}}</ref> ! Cameroon<ref>{{Cite web |title=Here is the final list of the players selected to participate in the Kwibuka T20 women's tournament in Rwanda |url=https://www.facebook.com/share/p/bhrro6nMTKzk3jZY/ |access-date=27 May 2024 |website=Cameroon Cricket Federation |via=Facebook}}</ref> ! Kenya<ref>{{Cite web |title=Who is who at 2024 Kwibuka women's T20 tournament? |url=https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/17203/sports/cricket/who-is-who-at-2024-kwibuka-womens-t20-tournament |access-date=30 May 2024 |website=The New Times}}</ref> ! Malawi<ref>{{Cite web |title=Women's national team to compete in the Kwibuka Cup in Rwanda |url=https://mncs.mw/news/womens-national-team-to-compete-in-the-kwibuka-cup-in-rwanda/ |access-date=28 May 2024 |website=Malawi National Council of Sports |archive-date=3 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240603013938/https://mncs.mw/news/womens-national-team-to-compete-in-the-kwibuka-cup-in-rwanda/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> ! Nigeria<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Nigeria Cricket Federation has proudly announced the 14-player squad that will represent the nation at the Kwibuka Women's T20 International Tournament, set to take place from 30th May to 8th June 2024 |url=https://www.facebook.com/share/p/qeq4ErSg4t6ivCqA/ |access-date=28 May 2024 |website=Nigeria Cricket Federation |via=Facebook}}</ref> ! Rwanda<ref>{{Cite web |title=Rwanda announces squad for 2024 Kwibuka women's T20 cricket tournament |url=https://thetouchlinesports.com/rwanda-announces-squad-for-2024-kwibuka-womens-t20-cricket-tournament/ |access-date=21 May 2024 |website=Touchline Sports}}</ref> ! Uganda<ref>{{Cite web |title=Victoria Pearls to feature in the 10th edition of Kwibuka Tournament |url=http://ugandacricket.com/index.php/international-competition/79-women-s-cricket/954-victoria-pearls-to-feature-in-the-10th-edition-of-kwibuka-tournament |access-date=27 May 2024 |website=Uganda Cricket Association |archive-date=27 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240527095230/http://ugandacricket.com/index.php/international-competition/79-women-s-cricket/954-victoria-pearls-to-feature-in-the-10th-edition-of-kwibuka-tournament |url-status=dead }}</ref> ! Zimbabwe A<ref>{{Cite web |title=Zimbabwe A Women in Rwanda for Kwibuka Women’s T20I tourney |url=https://zimcricket.org/news/3031/Zimbabwe-A-Women-in-Rwanda-for-Kwibuka-Women%E2%80%99s-T20I-tourney |access-date=28 May 2024 |website=Zimbabwe Cricket}}</ref> |- | valign="top" | * Tuelo Shadrack (c) * Pako Mapotsane (vc) * Kesego Inakale * Onneile Keitsemang * Oratile Kgeresi * Amantle Letuba * Goabilwe Matome * Entle Mmese * Amantle Mokgotlhe * Laura Mophakedi (wk) * Shameelah Mosweu * Aliya Motorwala * Wendy Moutswi * Merapelo Phiase | valign="top" | * Michelle Ekani (c, wk) * Marguerite Bessala * Edwige Guehoada * Elsa Kana * Tchouabo Leslie * Cathy Mbelel * Bernadette Mbida * Cynerah Mboe * Catherine Messina * Jeanne Ngono * Sandra Nono * Olive Ranedoumoun * Madaleine Sissako * Brenda Waluma | valign="top" | * Esther Wachira (c) * Queentor Abel * Veronica Abuga * Judith Ajiambo * Lavendah Idambo * Marion Juma * Charity Muthoni (wk) * Jemimah Ndanu * Flavia Odhiambo * Kelvia Ogola * Venasa Ooko * Mercy Sifuna * Edith Waithaka * Ann Wanjira | valign="top" | * Vanessa Phiri (c) * Allinafe Alfonso * Tricia Chabila * Sophina Chinawa * Ketrina Chingaipe * Lidia Dimba * Nellie Gamaliyele * Sugeni Kananji * Mercy Kudimba (wk) * Triphonia Luka * Lucy Malino * Praise Maziya * Tadala Mpandakwaya | valign="top" | * Favour Eseigbe (c) * Abigail Igbobie (vc, wk) * Shola Adekunle * Peculiar Agboya * Annointed Akhigbe * Christabel Chukwuonye * Sarah Etim (wk) * Victory Igbinedion * Usen Peace * Lucky Piety * Rachael Samson * Esther Sandy * Salome Sunday * Lillian Udeh | valign="top" | * Marie Bimenyimana (c) * Alice Ikuzwe * Flora Irakoze (wk) * Rosine Irera * Gisele Ishimwe * Henriette Ishimwe * Immaculee Muhawenimana * Belise Murekatete * Shakila Niyomuhoza * Josiane Nyirankundineza * Rosette Shimwamana * Clarrisse Umutoniwase * Geovanis Uwase * Merveille Uwase (wk) | valign="top" | * Janet Mbabazi (c) * Rita Musamali (vc) * Asumin Akurut * Prosscovia Alako * Lorna Anyait * Malisa Ariokot * Concy Aweko * Kevin Awino (wk) * Mohammed Jimia * Immaculate Nakisuuyi * Stephani Nampiina * Immaculate Nandera * Patricia Timong * Sarah Walaza | valign="top" | * Chiedza Dhururu (c, wk) * Beloved Biza * Olinder Chare * Kudzai Chigora * Buhlebenkosi Maposa * Lindrose Masina * Michelle Mavunga * Passionate Munorwei * Christine Mutasa * Vimbai Mutungwindu (wk) * Kelis Ndhlovu * Runyararo Pasipanodya * Lorraine Pemhiwa * Loryn Phiri |} == Robini y'uruziga == === Imbonerahamwe y'amanota ===   === Imikino === ==== Umunsi wa mbere ==== {{Single-innings cricket match|date=30 May 2024|time=09:15|daynight=|team1={{crw-rt|RWA}}|team2={{crw|CMR}}|score1=141/4 (20 overs)|runs1=Merveille Uwase 62[[not out|*]] (51)|wickets1=Michelle Ekani 1/16 (3 overs)|score2=39 (13.1 overs)|runs2=Brenda Waluma 12 (11)|wickets2=[[Henriette Ishimwe]] 4/9 (3.1 overs)|result=Rwanda won by 102 runs|report=[https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1435618.html Scorecard]|venue=[[Rwanda Cricket Stadium|Gahanga International Cricket Stadium]], [[Kigali]]|umpires=Damascene Hagenimana (Rwa) and Veronique Iriho (Rwa)|motm=[[Henriette Ishimwe]] (Rwa)|toss=Rwanda won the toss and elected to bat.|rain=|notes=Catherine Messina and Sandra Nono (Cmr) both made their T20I debuts.}} ----{{Single-innings cricket match|date=30 May 2024|time=09:45|daynight=|team1={{crw-rt|ZIM|name=Zimbabwe A}}|team2={{crw|MWI}}|score1=183/5 (20 overs)|runs1=[[Kelis Ndhlovu]] 48 (24)|wickets1=Lucy Malino 2/29 (4 overs)|score2=91/7 (20 overs)|runs2=Sophina Chinawa 22 (19)|wickets2=[[Kelis Ndhlovu]] 2/14 (4 overs)|result=Zimbabwe A won by 92 runs|report=[https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1435619.html Scorecard]|venue=[[Rwanda Cricket Stadium|Gahanga B Ground]], [[Kigali]]|umpires=Gasana Christian (Rwa) and Remy Singinzwa (Rwa)|motm=[[Kelis Ndhlovu]] (Zim)|toss=Malawi won the toss and elected to field.|rain=|notes=}} ----{{Single-innings cricket match|date=30 May 2024|time=13:15|daynight=|team1={{crw-rt|UGA}}|team2={{crw|BOT}}|score1=140/6 (20 overs)|runs1=Stephani Nampiina 42 (34)|wickets1=Goabilwe Matome 3/12 (4 overs)|score2=69/5 (20 overs)|runs2=Goabilwe Matome 16[[not out|*]] (23)|wickets2=[[Concy Aweko]] 2/4 (2 overs)|result=Uganda won by 71 runs|report=[https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1435620.html Scorecard]|venue=[[Rwanda Cricket Stadium|Gahanga International Cricket Stadium]], [[Kigali]]|umpires=Veronique Iriho (Rwa) and Gaston Niyibizi (Rwa)|motm=[[Janet Mbabazi]] (Uga)|toss=Uganda won the toss and elected to bat.|rain=|notes=Asumin Akurut (Uga) made her T20I debut.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://kawowo.com/2024/05/30/victoria-pearls-off-the-mark-at-kwibuka/ |title=Victoria Pearls off the mark at Kwibuka |work=Kawowo Sports |access-date=30 May 2024}}</ref>}} ==== Umunsi wa kabiri ==== {{Single-innings cricket match|date=31 May 2024|time=09:15|daynight=|team1={{crw-rt|ZIM|name=Zimbabwe A}}|team2={{crw|KEN}}|score1=151/6 (20 overs)|runs1=[[Kelis Ndhlovu]] 56 (37)|wickets1=Ann Wanjira 2/13 (4 overs)|score2=95/8 (20 overs)|runs2=Venasa Ooko 23 (27)|wickets2=Olinder Chare 2/21 (4 overs)<br/>[[Kelis Ndhlovu]] 2/21 (4 overs)|result=Zimbabwe A won by 56 runs|report=[https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1435622.html Scorecard]|venue=[[Rwanda Cricket Stadium|Gahanga International Cricket Stadium]], [[Kigali]]|umpires=Gasana Christian (Rwa) and Gaston Niyibizi (Rwa)|motm=[[Kelis Ndhlovu]] (Zim)|toss=Kenya won the toss and elected to field.|rain=|notes=}} ----{{Single-innings cricket match|date=31 May 2024|time=09:45|daynight=|team1={{crw-rt|UGA}}|team2={{crw|NGA}}|score1=97 (20 overs)|runs1=[[Immaculate Nakisuuyi]] 33 (42)|wickets1=Lillian Udeh 4/15 (4 overs)|score2=86/8 (20 overs)|runs2=Salome Sunday 36 (47)|wickets2=[[Immaculate Nakisuuyi]] 2/19 (4 overs)|result=Uganda won by 11 runs|report=[https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1435623.html Scorecard]|venue=[[Rwanda Cricket Stadium|Gahanga B Ground]], [[Kigali]]|umpires=Damascene Hagenimana (Rwa) and Tafadzwa Musakwa (Zim)|motm=[[Immaculate Nakisuuyi]] (Uga)|toss=Nigeria won the toss and elected to field.|rain=|notes=Annointed Akhigbe (Nga) made her T20I debut.}} ----{{Single-innings cricket match|date=31 May 2024|time=13:15|daynight=|team1={{crw-rt|BOT}}|team2={{crw|CMR}}|score1=106/7 (20 overs)|runs1=Tuelo Shadrack 38[[not out|*]] (56)|wickets1=Cynerah Mboe 2/12 (3 overs)|score2=62/9 (20 overs)|runs2=Marguerite Bessala 24[[not out|*]] (29)|wickets2=Tuelo Shadrack 3/2 (4 overs)|result=Botswana won by 44 runs|report=[https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1435624.html Scorecard]|venue=[[Rwanda Cricket Stadium|Gahanga International Cricket Stadium]], [[Kigali]]|umpires=Gasana Christian (Rwa) and Remy Singinzwa (Rwa)|motm=Tuelo Shadrack (Bot)|toss=Botswana won the toss and elected to bat.|rain=|notes=}} ----{{Single-innings cricket match|date=31 May 2024|time=13:45|daynight=|team1={{crw-rt|MWI}}|team2={{crw|RWA}}|score1=45 (16.1 overs)|runs1=Mercy Kudimba 13[[not out|*]] (19)|wickets1=[[Marie Bimenyimana]] 5/3 (4 overs)|score2=46/1 (5.5 overs)|runs2=[[Gisele Ishimwe]] 27[[not out|*]] (22)|wickets2=Ketrina Chingaipe 1/7 (2 overs)|result=Rwanda won by 9 wickets|report=[https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1435625.html Scorecard]|venue=[[Rwanda Cricket Stadium|Gahanga B Ground]], [[Kigali]]|umpires=Veronique Iriho (Rwa) and Temitope Onikoyi (Nga)|motm=[[Marie Bimenyimana]] (Rwa)|toss=Malawi won the toss and elected to bat.|rain=|notes=Allinafe Alfonso and Praise Maziya (Mwi) both made their T20I debuts. * [[Marie Bimenyimana]] (Rwa) took her first [[List of five-wicket hauls in women's Twenty20 International cricket|five-wicket haul in T20Is]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/17252/sports/cricket/kwibuka-t20-rwanda-edges-closer-to-semi-finals |title=Kwibuka T20: Rwanda edges closer to semi-finals |work=The New Times |access-date=31 May 2024}}</ref>}} ==== Umunsi wa gatatu ==== {{Single-innings cricket match|date=1 June 2024|time=09:15|daynight=|team1={{crw-rt|RWA}}|team2={{crw|BOT}}|score1=132/7 (20 overs)|runs1=Shakila Niyomuhoza 46 (28)|wickets1=Tuelo Shadrack 3/5 (4 overs)|score2=58 (19.4 overs)|runs2=Shameelah Mosweu 10 (12)|wickets2=[[Henriette Ishimwe]] 3/9 (3.4 overs)|result=Rwanda won by 74 runs|report=[https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1435626.html Scorecard]|venue=[[Rwanda Cricket Stadium|Gahanga International Cricket Stadium]], [[Kigali]]|umpires=Veronique Iriho (Rwa) and Remy Singinzwa (Rwa)|motm=[[Henriette Ishimwe]] (Rwa)|toss=Rwanda won the toss and elected to bat.|rain=|notes=}} ----{{Single-innings cricket match|date=1 June 2024|time=09:45|daynight=|team1={{crw-rt|KEN}}|team2={{crw|MWI}}|score1=106/8 (20 overs)|runs1=Esther Wachira 24 (32)|wickets1=Lucy Malino 3/17 (4 overs)|score2=74/7 (20 overs)|runs2=Sophina Chinawa 15 (12)|wickets2=Flavia Odhiambo 3/8 (4 overs)|result=Kenya won by 32 runs|report=[https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1435627.html Scorecard]|venue=[[Rwanda Cricket Stadium|Gahanga B Ground]], [[Kigali]]|umpires=Damascene Hagenimana (Rwa) and Temitope Onikoyi (Nga)|motm=Flavia Odhiambo (Ken)|toss=Kenya won the toss and elected to bat.|rain=|notes=}} ----{{Single-innings cricket match|date=1 June 2024|time=13:15|daynight=|team1={{crw-rt|CMR}}|team2={{crw|NGA}}|score1=26 (18.2 overs)|runs1=Marguerite Bessala 7[[not out|*]] (40)|wickets1=Lillian Udeh 4/7 (4 overs)|score2=27/1 (3.5 overs)|runs2=Esther Sandy 14 (10)|wickets2=|result=Nigeria won by 9 wickets|report=[https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1435628.html Scorecard]|venue=[[Rwanda Cricket Stadium|Gahanga International Cricket Stadium]], [[Kigali]]|umpires=Gaston Niyibizi (Rwa) and Remy Singinzwa (Rwa)|motm=Lillian Udeh (Nga)|toss=Cameroon won the toss and elected to bat.|rain=|notes=}} ----{{Single-innings cricket match|date=1 June 2024|time=13:45|daynight=|team1={{crw-rt|UGA}}|team2={{crw|ZIM|name=Zimbabwe A}}|score1=165/2 (20 overs)|runs1=Prosscovia Alako 62[[not out|*]] (41)|wickets1=[[Kelis Ndhlovu]] 1/21 (4 overs)|score2=90 (15.4 overs)|runs2=Christine Mutasa 15 (8)<br/>Kudzai Chigora (8)|wickets2=Sarah Walaza 3/4 (3 overs)|result=Uganda won by 75 runs|report=[https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1435629.html Scorecard]|venue=[[Rwanda Cricket Stadium|Gahanga B Ground]], [[Kigali]]|umpires=Gasana Christian (Rwa) and Damascene Hagenimana (Rwa)|motm=Prosscovia Alako (Uga)|toss=Uganda won the toss and elected to bat.|rain=|notes=}} ==== Umunsi wa kane ==== {{Single-innings cricket match|date=2 June 2024|time=09:45|daynight=|team1={{crw-rt|KEN}}|team2={{crw|NGA}}|score1=115/6 (20 overs)|runs1=[[Queentor Abel]] 60 (48)|wickets1=Lucky Piety 1/11 (2 overs)|score2=92 (15.1 overs)|runs2=Lillian Udeh 23 (18)|wickets2=Esther Wachira 3/10 (3.1 overs)|result=Kenya won by 23 runs|report=[https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1435621.html Scorecard]|venue=[[Rwanda Cricket Stadium|Gahanga B Ground]], [[Kigali]]|umpires=Gasana Christian (Rwa) and Temitope Onikoyi (Nga)|motm=[[Queentor Abel]] (Ken)|toss=Nigeria won the toss and elected to field.|rain=|notes=}} ==== Umunsi wa gatanu ==== {{Single-innings cricket match|date=3 June 2024|time=09:15|daynight=|team1={{crw-rt|UGA}}|team2={{crw|MWI}}|score1=118/8 (20 overs)|runs1=[[Rita Musamali]] 55[[not out|*]] (34)|wickets1=Vanessa Phiri 3/29 (4 overs)|score2=32 (12.2 overs)|runs2=Praise Maziya 10 (15)|wickets2=Patricia Timong 4/4 (4 overs)|result=Uganda won by 86 runs|report=[https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1435630.html Scorecard]|venue=[[Rwanda Cricket Stadium|Gahanga International Cricket Stadium]], [[Kigali]]|umpires=Gasana Christian (Rwa) and Temitope Onikoyi (Nga)|motm=Patricia Timong (Uga)|toss=Uganda won the toss and elected to bat.|rain=|notes=Immaculate Nandera and Patricia Timong (Uga) both made their T20I debuts.}} ----{{Single-innings cricket match|date=3 June 2024|time=09:45|daynight=|team1={{crw-rt|ZIM|name=Zimbabwe A}}|team2={{crw|CMR}}|score1=174/2 (20 overs)|runs1=[[Kelis Ndhlovu]] 99[[not out|*]] (66)|wickets1=Michelle Ekani 2/23 (3 overs)|score2=85/8 (20 overs)|runs2=Tchouabo Leslie 19 (26)|wickets2=Michelle Mavunga 2/13 (3 overs)|result=Zimbabwe A won by 89 runs|report=[https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1435631.html Scorecard]|venue=[[Rwanda Cricket Stadium|Gahanga B Ground]], [[Kigali]]|umpires=Gaston Niyibizi (Rwa) and Tafadzwa Musakwa (Zim)|motm=[[Kelis Ndhlovu]] (Zim)|toss=Zimbabwe A won the toss and elected to bat.|rain=|notes=}} ----{{Single-innings cricket match|date=3 June 2024|time=13:15|daynight=|team1={{crw-rt|BOT}}|team2={{crw|NGA}}|score1=56 (20 overs)|runs1=Laura Mophakedi 34 (47)|wickets1=Lucky Piety 3/14 (4 overs)|score2=59/1 (8.4 overs)|runs2=Lucky Piety 19[[not out|*]] (15)|wickets2=Goabilwe Matome 1/24 (3 overs)|result=Nigeria won by 9 wickets|report=[https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1435632.html Scorecard]|venue=[[Rwanda Cricket Stadium|Gahanga International Cricket Stadium]], [[Kigali]]|umpires=Gasana Christian (Rwa) and Remy Singinzwa (Rwa)|motm=Lucky Piety (Nga)|toss=Botswana won the toss and elected to bat.|rain=|notes=}} ----{{Single-innings cricket match|date=3 June 2024|time=13:45|daynight=|team1={{crw-rt|RWA}}|team2={{crw|KEN}}|score1=95/5 (20 overs)|runs1=[[Marie Bimenyimana]] 52 (64)|wickets1=Lavendah Idambo 2/13 (4 overs)|score2=43 (15.3 overs)|runs2=Venasa Ooko 18 (18)|wickets2=Alice Ikuzwe 5/12 (3.3 overs)|result=Rwanda won by 52 runs|report=[https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1435633.html Scorecard]|venue=[[Rwanda Cricket Stadium|Gahanga B Ground]], [[Kigali]]|umpires=Damascene Hagenimana (Rwa) and Tafadzwa Musakwa (Zim)|motm=Alice Ikuzwe (Rwa)|toss=Kenya won the toss and elected to field.|rain=|notes=Alice Ikuzwe (Rwa) took her first [[List of five-wicket hauls in women's Twenty20 International cricket|five-wicket haul in T20Is]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/17334/sports/cricket/kwibuka-t20-rwanda-women-beat-kenya-to-stay-unbeaten-as-nigeria-comes-up-next |title=Kwibuka T20: Rwanda women beat Kenya to stay unbeaten as Nigeria comes up next |work=The New Times |access-date=3 June 2024}}</ref>}} ==== Umunsi wa gatandatu ==== {{Single-innings cricket match|date=4 June 2024|time=09:15|daynight=|team1={{crw-rt|NGA}}|team2={{crw|RWA}}|score1=104/5 (20 overs)|runs1=Salome Sunday 29 (12)|wickets1=[[Marie Bimenyimana]] 2/24 (4 overs)|score2=72 (19 overs)|runs2=[[Marie Bimenyimana]] 31 (54)|wickets2=Lillian Udeh 6/7 (4 overs)|result=Nigeria won by 32 runs|report=[https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1435634.html Scorecard]|venue=[[Rwanda Cricket Stadium|Gahanga International Cricket Stadium]], [[Kigali]]|umpires=Damascene Hagenimana (Rwa) and Tafadzwa Musakwa (Zim)|motm=Lillian Udeh (Nga)|toss=Nigeria won the toss and elected to bat.|rain=|notes=Lillian Udeh (Nga) took her first [[List of five-wicket hauls in women's Twenty20 International cricket|five-wicket haul in T20Is]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://punchng.com/cricket-udeh-shines-as-nigeria-beat-rivals-rwanda/ |title=Cricket: Udeh shines as Nigeria beat rivals Rwanda |work=Punch Newspapers |access-date=5 June 2024}}</ref>}} ----{{Single-innings cricket match|date=4 June 2024|time=09:45|daynight=|team1={{crw-rt|KEN}}|team2={{crw|UGA}}|score1=65/8 (20 overs)|runs1=[[Queentor Abel]] 19 (24)|wickets1=Sarah Walaza 3/6 (3 overs)|score2=70/2 (11.3 overs)|runs2=[[Immaculate Nakisuuyi]] 41[[not out|*]] (32)|wickets2=Lavendah Idambo 1/10 (3 overs)|result=Uganda won by 8 wickets|report=[https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1435635.html Scorecard]|venue=[[Rwanda Cricket Stadium|Gahanga B Ground]], [[Kigali]]|umpires=Veronique Iriho (Rwa) and Temitope Onikoyi (Nga)|motm=[[Immaculate Nakisuuyi]] (Uga)|toss=Kenya won the toss and elected to bat.|rain=|notes=}} ----{{Single-innings cricket match|date=4 June 2024|time=13:15|daynight=|team1={{crw-rt|ZIM|name=Zimbabwe A}}|team2={{crw|BOT}}|score1=139 (18.5 overs)|runs1=Beloved Biza 31 (26)|wickets1=Shameelah Mosweu 3/16 (4 overs)|score2=69 (18.2 overs)|runs2=Goabilwe Matome 25 (24)|wickets2=[[Loryn Phiri]] 5/15 (3.2 overs)|result=Zimbabwe A won by 70 runs|report=[https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1435636.html Scorecard]|venue=[[Rwanda Cricket Stadium|Gahanga International Cricket Stadium]], [[Kigali]]|umpires=Tafadzwa Musakwa (Zim) and Gaston Niyibizi (Rwa)|motm=[[Kelis Ndhlovu]] (Zim)|toss=Botswana won the toss and elected to field.|rain=|notes=}} ----{{Single-innings cricket match|date=4 June 2024|time=13:45|daynight=|team1={{crw-rt|CMR}}|team2={{crw|MWI}}|score1=88 (18.4 overs)|runs1=Jeanne Ngono 25 (28)|wickets1=Ketrina Chingaipe 3/16 (3.4 overs)|score2=92/2 (18.2 overs)|runs2=Sophina Chinawa 33[[not out|*]] (57)|wickets2=Cynerah Mboe 1/9 (3 overs)|result=Malawi won by 8 wickets|report=[https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1435637.html Scorecard]|venue=[[Rwanda Cricket Stadium|Gahanga B Ground]], [[Kigali]]|umpires=Temitope Onikoyi (Nga) and Remy Singinzwa (Rwa)|motm=Lidia Dimba (Mwi)|toss=Cameroon won the toss and elected to bat.|rain=|notes=}} ==== Umunsi wa karindwi ==== {{Single-innings cricket match|date=5 June 2024|time=09:15|daynight=|team1={{crw-rt|CMR}}|team2={{crw|KEN}}|score1=37 (15.3 overs)|runs1=Bernadette Mbida 14 (21)|wickets1=Esther Wachira 4/1 (4 overs)|score2=41/2 (6.5 overs)|runs2=Veronica Abuga 13 (12)|wickets2=Tchouabo Leslie 1/9 (2 overs)|result=Kenya won by 8 wickets|report=[https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1435638.html Scorecard]|venue=[[Rwanda Cricket Stadium|Gahanga International Cricket Stadium]], [[Kigali]]|umpires=Veronique Iriho (Rwa) and Remy Singinzwa (Rwa)|motm=Esther Wachira (Ken)|toss=Cameroon won the toss and elected to bat.|rain=|notes=}} ----{{Single-innings cricket match|date=5 June 2024|time=09:45|daynight=|team1={{crw-rt|BOT}}|team2={{crw|MWI}}|score1=129/4 (20 overs)|runs1=Laura Mophakedi 67 (60)|wickets1=Vanessa Phiri 1/14 (2 overs)|score2=36 (11 overs)|runs2=Mercy Kudimba 6 (9)|wickets2=Shameelah Mosweu 3/7 (2 overs)|result=Botswana won by 93 runs|report=[https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1435639.html Scorecard]|venue=[[Rwanda Cricket Stadium|Gahanga B Ground]], [[Kigali]]|umpires=Gasana Christian (Rwa) and Damascene Hagenimana (Rwa)|motm=Tuelo Shadrack (Bot)|toss=Malawi won the toss and elected to field.|rain=|notes=}} ----{{Single-innings cricket match|date=5 June 2024|time=13:15|daynight=|team1={{crw-rt|UGA}}|team2={{crw|RWA}}|score1=100 (20 overs)|runs1=[[Immaculate Nakisuuyi]] 25 (31)|wickets1=[[Henriette Ishimwe]] 5/17 (4 overs)|score2=88/8 (20 overs)|runs2=[[Marie Bimenyimana]] 32 (42)|wickets2=[[Immaculate Nakisuuyi]] 3/30 (4 overs)|result=Uganda won by 12 runs|report=[https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1435640.html Scorecard]|venue=[[Rwanda Cricket Stadium|Gahanga International Cricket Stadium]], [[Kigali]]|umpires=Temitope Onikoyi (Nga) and Remy Singinzwa (Rwa)|motm=[[Immaculate Nakisuuyi]] (Uga)|toss=Uganda won the toss and elected to bat.|rain=|notes=[[Henriette Ishimwe]] (Rwa) took her 100th wicket in T20Is.{{cn|date=June 2024}}}} ----{{Single-innings cricket match|date=5 June 2024|time=13:45|daynight=|team1={{crw-rt|ZIM|name=Zimbabwe A}}|team2={{crw|NGA}}|score1=158/7 (20 overs)|runs1=[[Kelis Ndhlovu]] 51 (41)|wickets1=Peculiar Agboya 3/25 (4 overs)|score2=94 (18.2 overs)|runs2=Favour Eseigbe 21[[not out|*]] (22)|wickets2=Christine Mutasa 5/11 (4 overs)|result=Zimbabwe A won by 64 runs|report=[https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1435641.html Scorecard]|venue=[[Rwanda Cricket Stadium|Gahanga B Ground]], [[Kigali]]|umpires=Damascene Hagenimana (Rwa) and Gaston Niyibizi (Rwa)|motm=Christine Mutasa (Zim)|toss=Zimbabwe A won the toss and elected to bat.|rain=|notes=Christine Mutasa (Zim) took a hat-trick.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://3-mob.com/sport/mutasa-grabs-hat-trick-in-zimbabwe-women-a-win/ |title=Mutasa grabs hat-trick in Zimbabwe Women A win |work=3-Mob.com |access-date=5 June 2024}}</ref>}} ==== Umunsi wa munani ==== {{Single-innings cricket match|date=7 June 2024|time=09:15|daynight=|team1={{crw-rt|ZIM|name=Zimbabwe A}}|team2={{crw|RWA}}|score1=127/3 (20 overs)|runs1=[[Loryn Phiri]] 58[[not out|*]] (39)|wickets1=Rosine Irera 2/22 (4 overs)|score2=130/4 (19.1 overs)|runs2=[[Henriette Ishimwe]] 46[[not out|*]] (29)|wickets2=[[Loryn Phiri]] 2/21 (4 overs)|result=Rwanda won by 6 wickets|report=[https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1435642.html Scorecard]|venue=[[Rwanda Cricket Stadium|Gahanga International Cricket Stadium]], [[Kigali]]|umpires=Gasana Christian (Rwa) and Temitope Onikoyi (Nga)|motm=Rosine Irera (Rwa)|toss=Zimbabwe A won the toss and elected to bat.|rain=|notes=}} ----{{Single-innings cricket match|date=7 June 2024|time=09:45|daynight=|team1={{crw-rt|NGA}}|team2={{crw|MWI}}|score1=180/6 (20 overs)|runs1=Lucky Piety 70 (48)|wickets1=Ketrina Chingaipe 2/38 (4 overs)|score2=90/6 (20 overs)|runs2=Sugeni Kananji 29[[not out|*]] (48)|wickets2=Christabel Chukwuonye 2/10 (2 overs)|result=Nigeria won by 90 runs|report=[https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1435644.html Scorecard]|venue=[[Rwanda Cricket Stadium|Gahanga B Ground]], [[Kigali]]|umpires=Tafadzwa Musakwa (Zim) and Gaston Niyibizi (Rwa)|motm=Lucky Piety (Nga)|toss=Malawi win the toss and elected to field.|rain=|notes=}} ----{{Single-innings cricket match|date=7 June 2024|time=13:15|daynight=|team1={{crw-rt|UGA}}|team2={{crw|CMR}}|score1=158/4 (20 overs)|runs1=Prosscovia Alako 100 (63)|wickets1=Tchouabo Leslie 2/35 (4 overs)|score2=63/9 (20 overs)|runs2=Marguerite Bessala 15 (26)|wickets2=Patricia Timong 4/18 (4 overs)|result=Uganda won by 95 runs|report=[https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1435643.html Scorecard]|venue=[[Rwanda Cricket Stadium|Gahanga International Cricket Stadium]], [[Kigali]]|umpires=Tafadzwa Musakwa (Zim) and Gaston Niyibizi (Rwa)|motm=Prosscovia Alako (Uga)|toss=Uganda won the toss and elected to bat.|rain=|notes=Cathy Mbelel (Cmr) made her T20I debut.}} ----{{Single-innings cricket match|date=7 June 2024|time=13:45|daynight=|team1={{crw-rt|KEN}}|team2={{crw|BOT}}|score1=151/6 (20 overs)|runs1=Charity Muthoni 64 (58)|wickets1=Tuelo Shadrack 3/17 (4 overs)|score2=107/4 (20 overs)|runs2=Shameelah Mosweu 43 (36)|wickets2=Judith Ajiambo 2/20 (4 overs)|result=Kenya won by 44 runs|report=[https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1435645.html Scorecard]|venue=[[Rwanda Cricket Stadium|Gahanga B Ground]], [[Kigali]]|umpires=Veronique Iriho (Rwa) and Remy Singinzwa (Rwa)|motm=Charity Muthoni (Ken)|toss=Kenya won the toss and elected to bat.|rain=|notes=}} == Imikino ya nyuma y'imikino == === Umukino wo guhatanira umwanya wa 7 === {{Single-innings cricket match|date=8 June 2022|time=09:15|daynight=|team1={{crw-rt|CMR}}|team2={{crw|MWI}}|score1=90/8 (20 overs)|runs1=Jeanne Ngono 23 (29)|wickets1=Lucy Malino 3/20 (4 overs)|score2=93/1 (15.1 overs)|runs2=Triphonia Luka 41[[not out|*]] (45)|wickets2=Tchouabo Leslie 1/15 (4 overs)|result=Malawi won by 9 wickets|report=[https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1435646.html Scorecard]|venue=[[Rwanda Cricket Stadium|Gahanga B Ground]], [[Kigali]]|umpires=Remy Singinzwa (Rwa) and Temitope Onikoyi (Nga)|motm=Sugeni Kananji (Mwi)|toss=Cameroon won the toss and elected to bat.|rain=|notes=}} === Umukino wo guhatanira umwanya wa 5 === {{Single-innings cricket match|date=8 June 2022|time=09:45|daynight=|team1={{crw-rt|KEN}}|team2={{crw|BOT}}|score1=171/6 (20 overs)|runs1=[[Queentor Abel]] 43 (31)|wickets1=Onneile Keitsemang 2/26 (2.3 overs)|score2=89/5 (20 overs)|runs2=Laura Mophakedi 46 (54)|wickets2=Judith Ajiambo 2/23 (4 overs)|result=Kenya won by 82 runs|report=[https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1435647.html Scorecard]|venue=[[Rwanda Cricket Stadium|Gahanga International Cricket Stadium]], [[Kigali]]|umpires=Damascene Hagenimana (Rwa) and Veronique Iriho (Rwa)|motm=[[Queentor Abel]] (Ken)|toss=Botswana won the toss and elected to field.|rain=|notes=}} === Umukino wo guhatanira umwanya wa 3 === {{Single-innings cricket match|date=8 June 2022|time=13:15|daynight=|team1={{crw-rt|NGA}}|team2={{crw|RWA}}|score1=80/9 (20 overs)|runs1=Sarah Etim 21[[not out|*]] (22)|wickets1=Alice Ikuzwe 4/13 (4 overs)|score2=81/4 (16.3 overs)|runs2=[[Henriette Ishimwe]] 26[[not out|*]] (21)|wickets2=Christabel Chukwuonye 3/7 (4 overs)|result=Rwanda won by 6 wickets|report=[https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1435648.html Scorecard]|venue=[[Rwanda Cricket Stadium|Gahanga B Ground]], [[Kigali]]|umpires=Gasana Christian (Rwa) and Remy Singinzwa (Rwa)|motm=[[Henriette Ishimwe]] (Rwa)|toss=Nigeria won the toss and elected to bat.|rain=|notes=}} === Umusozo === {{Single-innings cricket match|date=8 June 2022|time=13:45|daynight=|team1={{crw-rt|UGA}}|team2={{crw|ZIM|name=Zimbabwe A}}|score1=80/8 (20 overs)|runs1=Prosscovia Alako 24 (26)|wickets1=Christine Mutasa 2/7 (3 overs)|score2=78 (20 overs)|runs2=[[Loryn Phiri]] 27 (43)|wickets2=[[Janet Mbabazi]] 5/10 (4 overs)|result=Uganda won by 2 runs|report=[https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1435649.html Scorecard]|venue=[[Rwanda Cricket Stadium|Gahanga International Cricket Stadium]], [[Kigali]]|umpires=Veronique Iriho (Rwa) and Gaston Niyibizi (Rwa)|motm=[[Janet Mbabazi]] (Uga)|toss=Uganda won the toss and elected to bat.|rain=|notes=}} == Inyandiko == {{Reflist|group="n"}} == Amareferensi == {{Reflist}} == Amasano yo hanze == * [https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/kwibuka-women-s-twenty20-tournament-2024-1435602 Urugendo rw'imikino rwabereye mu rugo kuri ESPNcricinfo] td599364akqohcllxq4d5ual1857wp3 0 21644 133317 128328 2026-06-27T23:48:55Z InternetArchiveBot 9716 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 133317 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Shampiyona y'Ubwongereza ya 2024–25''' ni shampiyona ya 48 ya [[Shampiyona y’ icyiciro cya mbere mu mupira w’amaguru mu Rwanda|shampiyona y'Ubwongereza]], shampiyona [[Umupira w’amaguru|y'umupira w'amaguru]] yo mu cyiciro cya mbere mu [[Rwanda]] . Shampiyona yatangiye kuri 15 Kanama 2024 irangira kuri 28 Gicurasi 2025. [[APR FC]] yambitswe igikombe, yegukana igikombe cyagatandatu yikurikiranya, [[Rayon sports fc|Rayon Sports]] iriku mwanya wakabiri. [[Muhazi United]] na [[Vision F.C. (Rwanda)|Vision FC]] nizo kipe zombi zavuye muri shampiyona y'Ubwongereza. <ref>{{Cite web |last= |date= |title=Rwanda 2024/25 |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesr/rwan2025.html |access-date=16 June 2025 |website=rsssf.org}}</ref> == Incamake y'igihembwe == Muntangiriro z'uyu mwaka w'imikino, kugeza mumpera za 2024, ikipe ya [[Rayon sports fc|Rayon Sports yari yiganjemo abakinnyi bayo ba Rayon Sports]], bari barimo bashakisha igikombe cyabo cyambere kuva mumwaka wa 2018-19. Nyuma y'imikino icumi, iyikipe yayoboye urutonde rw'abakinnyi ku manota atandatu imbere ya [[AS Kigali]], ahorutahizamu w'umunyasenegali [[Ngagne Fall]] ari wewayoboye abandi batsinze ibitego bitandatu. [[APR FC]], yatwaye ibikombe bitanu byabanje, yari kumwanya wagatanu muntangiriro z'Ukuboza, ariko yari imaze gukina imikino myinshi mike ugereranyije n'abo bahanganye. <ref>{{Cite web |last= |date= |title=Rwanda: Rayon Sport maintains the pace; APR gain ground at AS Kigali |url=https://www.panafricafootball.com/post/rwanda-rayon-sport-maintains-the-pace-apr-gain-ground-at-as-kigali |access-date=16 June 2025 |website=Pan-Africa Football |quote=Senegalese striker Ngagne Fall |archive-date=13 July 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250713132454/https://www.panafricafootball.com/post/rwanda-rayon-sport-maintains-the-pace-apr-gain-ground-at-as-kigali |url-status=dead }}</ref> Shampiyona yafashe ikiruhuko hagati mumwaka wa shampiyona muri Mutarama, Rayon Sports yariyoboye amanota atanu icyogihe nyuma y’uko yombi na APR yari ku mwanya wakabiri batsinzwe imikino yabo yanyuma mbere y’ikiruhuko, haba kuri [[Stade Huye|Sitade ya Huye]], [[Mukura Victory Sports]] na [[Amagaju FC|Amagaju]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=INGABIRE |first=FLORIEN |date=13 January 2025 |title=Rwanda Premier League: Shocking Defeats for Rayon Sports and APR FC in Huye District – Hobe News |url=https://hobenews.com/rwanda-premier-league-shocking-defeats-for-rayon-sports-and-apr-fc-in-huye-district/ |access-date=16 June 2025 |website=Hobe News |quote=Amagaju}}</ref> Amakipe abiri yambere yari arusha andi makipe menshi muriki cyiciro, AS Kigali yari kumwanya wa gatatu yarinyuma ya APR amanota atandatu mugihe cy’ikiruhuko. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Okwi |first=Isaac |date=23 January 2025 |title=Denis Omedi’s Three-Word Promise To APR Fans – NBS Sport |url=https://nbssport.co.ug/2025/01/23/denis-omedis-three-word-promise-to-apr-fans/ |access-date=16 June 2025 |website=NBS Sport}}</ref> Shampiyona yongeye gusubukurwa muri Gashyantare, aho APR yagabanyije amanota abirubwo amakipe yombi yahuraga kumukino wa kabiri w'umwaka kuya 9 Werurwe kuri Sitade Amahoro. Uyumukino warangiye ari 0-0 nta mpande zombi zabonye amahirwe menshi yo gutsinda. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Lusulire |first=Ronald |date=9 March 2025 |title=Rwanda Premier League: APR FC and Rayon Sports play out stalemate in Thousand Hills Derby |url=https://www.panafricafootball.com/post/rwanda-premier-league-apr-fc-and-rayon-sports-play-out-stalemate-in-thousand-hills-derby |access-date=16 June 2025 |website=Pan-Africa Football |archive-date=16 June 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250616163618/https://www.panafricafootball.com/post/rwanda-premier-league-apr-fc-and-rayon-sports-play-out-stalemate-in-thousand-hills-derby |url-status=dead }}</ref> Muri Mata, Rayon Sports yirukanye umutoza wayo Robertinho nyuma yo kunganya na Marine FC ibitego 2-2. Iyikipe yari imaze gukina imikino itatu gusa mw' icumi mbere y’iyo ngingo, kandi yatakaje umwanya wa mbere ku rutonde rw’amakipe yatsinzwe na APR. <ref>{{Cite web |last=www.igihe.org |date=14 April 2025 |title=Rayon Sports yahagaritse Robertinho na Mazimpaka André |url=https://mobile.igihe.com/imikino/football/Rayon-Sports-yahagaritse-Robertinho-na-mazimpaka-Andre |access-date=16 June 2025 |website=IGIHE |language=rw |quote=Marine FC}}</ref> Nubwa mbere Rayon itarayobora urutonde kuva umwaka wa 2025 watangira. [[Claude Rwaka]], umutoza w’abagore wa Ryon wegukanye igikombe, yasimbuye Robertinho. <ref name="KeyMoments">{{Cite web |last=Gyimah |first=Edmund Okai |date=2 June 2025 |title=Key moments that defined 2024/25 Rwanda Premier League |url=https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/26921/sports/football/key-moments-that-defined-202425-rwanda-premier-league |access-date=16 June 2025 |website=[[The New Times (Rwanda)|The New Times]]}}</ref> Kw' itariki ya 17 Gicurasi, umukino wa Bugesera na Rayon Sports wagombaga gusubikwa nyuma y'iminota 57 ubwo abafana ba Rayon batangiraga kwigaragambya nogutera ibisasu mukibuga. Icyo gihe Bugesera yariyoboye ibitego 2-0, [[Umar Abba]] akaba yari amaze gutsinda igitego cyakabiri binyuze muri penaliti iteye ubwoba, nyuma gato y'uko Rayon yangiwe penaliti yayo kugira ngigere kumukino. APR yatsinze umukino wayo kuruwo munsi, itsinda Gorilla FC igitego 1-0 - igitego kimwe rukumbi cyaje nogutsindwa na penaliti iteye ikibazo - kandi yatsinze amanota abiri kumwanya wa mbere w'ikipe. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Gyimah |first=Edmund Okai |date=17 May 2025 |title=Bugesera vs Rayon game halted amid fans protest as APR move top |url=https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/26513/sports/football/bugesera-vs-rayon-game-halted-amid-fans-protest-as-apr-move-top |access-date=16 June 2025 |website=[[The New Times (Rwanda)|The New Times]]}}</ref> Umukino wa Bugesera na Rayon wasubukuwe nyuma y'iminsi ine, uhereye ahowari warasubitswe, kandi nubwo yatsinze igitego kumunota wa 84, yatsinzwe umukino ibitego 2-1. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Niyonyungu |first=Aloys |date=21 May 2025 |title=Bugesera FC Triumphs Over Rayon Sports in Resumed League Match {{! }} InyaRwanda.com |url=https://inyarwanda.com/en/news/bugesera-fc-triumphs-over-rayon-sports-in-resumed-league-match-1747840274228 |access-date=16 June 2025 |website=InyaRwanda.com}}</ref> Vision FC yabaye ikipe ya mbere yasezerewe kuri 13 Gicurasi nyuma y'umwaka umwe mucyiciro cyambere, nyuma yogutsindwa na Marines FC ibitego 2-1. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Gyimah |first=Edmund Okai |date=13 May 2025 |title=Match day 27 recap: Refereeing drama, steward on the spot, Vision FC relegated… |url=https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/26391/sports/football/match-day-27-recap-refereeing-drama-steward-on-the-spot-vision-fc-relegated |access-date=16 June 2025 |website=The New Times}}</ref> Hanyuma APR FC yegukanye igikombe cya Premier League kuri 24 Gicurasi ubwo yatsindaga [[Muhazi United F.C.|Muhazi United]] igitego 1-0, mu gihe Rayon Sports yanganyije na Vision FC ku busa. Iyintsinzi yahaye APR amanota animbere ya Rayon hasigaye umukino umwe gusa ngo irangire. <ref name="NBSPORT">{{Cite web |date=25 May 2025 |title=Omedi’s APR Crowned Rwanda Premier League Champions – NBS Sport |url=https://nbssport.co.ug/2025/05/25/omedis-apr-crowned-rwanda-premier-league-champions/ |access-date=16 June 2025 |website=NBS Sport}}</ref> Intambara yokwirinda umwanya wakabiri wo kumanuka mu cyiciro cya kabiri yagiye kumunsi wanyuma, ubwo Amagaju yahuraga na Muhazi United, ifite amanota atatu imbere y'abo bahanganye. Amagaju yatsinze umukino ibitego 2-1, igabanya Muhazi ijya mucyiciro cyakabiri. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kamasa |first=Peter |date=28 May 2025 |title=Muhazi United relegated from Rwanda Premier League |url=https://www.msn.com/en-xl/africa/top-stories/muhazi-united-relegated-from-rwanda-premier-league/ar-AA1FF0hk |access-date=16 June 2025 |website=msn.com}}</ref> == Ingaruka == Igikombe cya APR cyaricya 23 muri rusange muri shampiyona y'u Rwanda - cyongereye agahigo kabo - ndetse n'igikombe cya 6 cyikurikiranya muntangiriro za 2020. <ref name="NBSPORT"/> Barangije kandi igikombe cya kabiri cya shampiyona n'igikombe, ndetse batwaye [[Rwandan Cup|igikombe cy'u Rwanda cyo]] muri 2024-25. <ref>{{Cite web |last= |date= |title=APR FC crowned 2024/2025 Rwanda Premier League champions |url=https://cecafaonline.com/apr-fc-crowned-2024-2025-rwanda-premier-league-champions/ |access-date=16 June 2025 |website=cecafaonline.com}}</ref> Umuhango wo gutanga ibihembo wabereye muri [[Kigali Convention Centre]] kuri 30 Gicurasi 2025, murwego rwoguha icyubahiro abakinnyi bagize uruhare runini mumwaka wa 2024-25. [[Niyigena Clement|Clement Niyigena]] womuri APR yegukanye igihembo cy'umukinnyi mwiza, [[Djibirl Ouattara]] womuri APR na [[Umar Abba]] womuri Bugesera nabo bari mumarushanwa yo guhatanira igihembo. Niyigena kandi yari yatwaye igihembo cy'umukinnyi w'irushanwa rya Kagame Interclub Cup 2024 mu ntangiriro z'umwaka wa shampiyona. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Gyimah |first=Edmund Okai |date=31 May 2025 |title=Niyigena wins Rwanda Premier League player of the season award |url=https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/26869/sports/football/niyigena-wins-rwanda-premier-league-player-of-the-season-award |access-date=16 June 2025 |website=[[The New Times (Rwanda)|The New Times]]}}</ref> == Urutonde rwa shampiyona == == Amareferensi == {{Reflist}} grqjl0ol8crzp6x9z38t7zc5u7dq6i2 0 21706 133320 130105 2026-06-28T01:00:24Z InternetArchiveBot 9716 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 133320 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Aimable Bayingana''' ( yavutse ku ya 14 Nyakanga 1970) yari umuyobozi mukuru w’imikino mu [[Rwanda]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Asiimwe |first=Geoffrey |date=2016-11-24 |title=Fans made Tour du Rwanda a success, says Bayingana |url=https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/135643/Sports/fans-made-tour-du-rwanda-a-success-says-bayingana |access-date=2023-09-15 |website=The New Times}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-03-23 |title=Jock Boyer washinze Team Rwanda Initiative agiye gusubira iwabo |url=https://ar.umuseke.rw/jock-boyer-washinze-team-rwanda-initiative-agiye-gusubira-iwabo.hmtl |access-date=2023-09-15 |website=UMUSEKE |archive-date=2023-09-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230919074058/https://ar.umuseke.rw/jock-boyer-washinze-team-rwanda-initiative-agiye-gusubira-iwabo.hmtl |url-status=dead }}</ref> Bayingana yabaye perezida w’ishyirahamwe [[Rwanda Cycling Federation|ry’amagare mu Rwanda]] hagati ya 2007 na 2019. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2007-12-28 |title=Cycling gets new leadership |url=https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/3857/Lifestyle/cycling-gets-new-leadership |access-date=2023-09-15 |website=The New Times}}</ref> Kuva mu Kwakira 2018 kugeza mu Ukuboza 2019, yayoboye nk’umuyobozi w'ishyirahamwe ry’amagare rihuza ibihugu 33 bivuga igifaransa . <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Bishumba |first=Richard |date=2018-10-19 |title=Bayingana named new Francophonie cycling boss |url=https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/159958/Sports/bayingana-named-new-francophonie-cycling-boss |access-date=2023-09-15 |website=The New Times}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news |date=October 20, 2018 |title=Rwandan Elected President OIF Cycling Federation |url=https://en.igihe.com/news/rwandan-elected-president-oif-cycling-federation |access-date=September 15, 2023 |work=igihe.com}}</ref> == Ubuzima == Bayingana yavutse ku ya 14 Nyakanga 1970, i [[Akarere ka Gatsibo|Gatsibo]], [[Intara y'Iburasirazuba]], [[Rwanda|mu Rwanda]] . Afite impamyabumenyi y'icyiciro cya kabiri cya kaminuza mu by'ubugeni yakuye muri Kaminuza ya Lomé, [[Togo|muri Togo]] . <ref>{{Cite news |last=Thamimu |first=Hakizimana |date=February 22, 2013 |title=Aho gutorwa kwa Bayingana mu Ishyirahamwe Nyafurika ry'amagare byaturutse |url=https://www.igihe.com/imikino/indi-mikino/Aho-gutorwa-kwa-Bayingana-mu |access-date=September 15, 2023}}</ref> == Umwuga == Ku ya 5 Ukuboza 2007, mu gikorwa cyabereye kuri [[Stade Amahoro|Sitade Amahoro]], Bayingana yatorewe kuba perezida w’ishyirahamwe ry’abahoze ari abasiganwa mu magare mu Rwanda, ubu akaba ari [[Rwanda Cycling Federation|FERWACY]] asimbuye Hon. Kamanda Charles wari umuyobozi kuva muri 2002, yayoboye uyu mwanya kugeza mu Ukuboza 2019. <ref name=":0"/> <ref>{{Cite news |last=Tity Thierry |first=Kayishema |date=January 8, 2014 |title=FERWACY iratora umuyobozi mushya |url=https://www.igihe.com/imikino/indi-mikino/article/ferwacy-baratora-umuyobozi-mushya |access-date=September 15, 2023}}</ref> Kuva mu 2009 kugeza mu Ukuboza 2019, yari Perezida wa Komite Ishinzwe Gutegura [[Tour du Rwanda|Tour Du Rwanda]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=The sky is the limit for Tour of Rwanda – Bayingana |url=http://www.tourdurwanda.rw/news/The-sky-is-the-limit-for-Tour-of-Rwanda-Bayingana |access-date=2023-09-15 |website=Tour du Rwanda |archive-date=2023-12-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231204153945/http://www.tourdurwanda.rw/news/The-sky-is-the-limit-for-Tour-of-Rwanda-Bayingana |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-10-24 |title=Un nouveau Président pour l'Union francophone de cyclisme - Actualité |url=https://www.directvelo.com/actualite/70251/un-nouveau-president-pour-l-union-francophone-de-cyclisme |access-date=2023-09-15 |website=DirectVelo |language=fr-FR |archive-date=2023-09-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230919074101/https://www.directvelo.com/actualite/70251/un-nouveau-president-pour-l-union-francophone-de-cyclisme |url-status=dead }}</ref> Kuva mu 2013 kugeza mu 2019, Bayingana yabaye umwe mu bagize komite nshingwabikorwa barindwi b’ishyirahamwe ry’abasiganwa ku magare muri Afurika, muri uyu mwanya yatorewe kuyobora shampiyona y’umugabane w’Afurika y’amagare yabereye i Sharm El Sheikh, mu [[Misiri]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kamasa |first=Peter |date=2013-10-08 |title=Bayingana to supervise Continental Championships |url=https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/98699/Sports/bayingana-to-supervise-continental-championships |access-date=2023-09-15 |website=The New Times}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kamasa |first=Peter |date=2017-02-12 |title=Bayingana re-elected to Africa Cycling Confederation Board |url=https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/137881/Sports/bayingana-re-elected-to-africa-cycling-confederation-board |access-date=2023-09-15 |website=The New Times}}</ref> Bayingana yari na perezida w'amagre w'abavuga ififaransa kuva mu Kwakira 2018 kugeza Ukuboza 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 October 2018 |title=Sport : le Tchad adhère à l'Union Francophone de Cyclisme – |url=https://journaldutchad.com/sport-le-tchad-adhere-a-lunion-francophone-de-cyclisme/ |access-date=2023-09-15 |language=fr}}</ref> <ref name="Sabiiti">{{Cite web |last=Sabiiti |first=Daniel |date=2019-06-02 |title=Rwanda Dominates Kigali UCI Junior Race |url=https://www.ktpress.rw/2019/06/rwanda-dominates-kigali-uci-junior-race/ |access-date=2023-09-15 |website=KT Press}}</ref> <ref name=":1"/> Muri uyu mwanya yateguye Kigali Union Cycliste Internationale Junior Race muri Gicurasi 2019, irushanwa mpuzamahanga ry’imikino y’amagare ry’urubyiruko ryabereye i [[Kigali]] ryateguwe na Union Francophone de Cyclisme ku bufatanye na [[Rwanda Cycling Federation|FERWACY]] na Association Internationale des maires Francophones . <ref name="Sabiiti" /> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Sikubwabo |first=Damas |date=2019-06-03 |title=Habimana, Nirere strike gold as Rwanda dominates Francophonie Youth Race |url=https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/167038/Sports/habimana-nirere-strike-gold-as-rwanda-dominates-francophonie-youth-race |access-date=2023-09-15 |website=The New Times}}</ref> == Ibyagezweho == Muri 2009, Bayingana yafashije kwandika [[tour du Rwanda]] mu cyiciro cya 2.2 cy'amasiganwa, yazamuwe igera ku cyiciro cya 2.1 kuva muri 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mugabe |first=Bonnie |date=2018-08-03 |title=All Set for Final 2.2 Tour du Rwanda Edition |url=https://www.ktpress.rw/2018/08/all-set-for-final-2-2-tour-du-rwanda-edition/ |access-date=2023-09-15 |website=KT Press}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Asiimwe |first=Geoffrey |date=2017-06-16 |title=All set for a 'bigger and better' Tour du Rwanda |url=https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/141505/Sports/all-set-for-a-bigger-and-better-tour-du-rwanda |access-date=2023-09-15 |website=The New Times}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-04-17 |title=Rwanda targets Africa's first UCI Road World Championships |url=https://www.sportbusiness.com/news/rwanda-targets-africas-first-uci-road-world-championships/ |access-date=2023-09-15 |website=SportBusiness}}</ref> Bayingana mu gihe cye, u Rwanda rwateguye amarushanwa ya Afurika yo gusiganwa ku magare mu muhanda ku nshuro ya mbere muri 2010, ndetse no ku nshuro ya kabiri mu 2018. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-03-07 |title=Rwanda to host 2018 African Cycling Road Championships |url=https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/127803 |access-date=2023-09-15 |website=www.newtimes.co.rw}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2012-07-27 |title=Rwanda chooses cyclist to be Olympic flag bearer |url=https://www.bikeradar.com/news/rwanda-chooses-cyclist-to-be-olympic-flag-bearer/ |access-date=2023-09-15 |website=BikeRadar}}</ref> [[Rwanda|U Rwanda]] rwanateguye amarushanwa ya Afurika yo gusiganwa ku magare mu misozi ku nshuro ya mbere mu 2015. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-05-12 |title=Battle Of Mighty Bikers In Rwanda's 1000 Mountains |url=https://www.ktpress.rw/2015/05/battle-of-mighty-bikers-in-rwandas-1000-mountains/ |access-date=2023-09-15 |website=KT Press}}</ref> Muri Nzeri 2019, [[Rwanda|u Rwanda]] rwohereje ubusabe bwemewe bwo kwakira amarushanwa y’isi yo gusiganwa ku magare mu 2025. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-07-27 |title=UCI invites Africa to host 2025 UCI Road World Champs |url=https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/156497/Sports/uci-invites-africa-to-host-2025-uci-road-world-champs |access-date=2023-09-15 |website=The New Times}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-09-12 |title=Rwanda submits bid to host World Championships in 2025 {{!}} Cycling Today Official |url=https://cycling.today/rwanda-submits-bid-to-host-world-championships-in-2025/ |access-date=2023-09-15}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Sabiiti |first=Daniel |date=2020-01-19 |title=UCI Boss Hints 'Backing' Rwanda's Bid for 2025 Cycling Race |url=https://www.ktpress.rw/2020/01/uci-boss-hints-backing-rwandas-bid-for-2025-cycling-race/ |access-date=2023-09-15 |website=KT Press}}</ref> Muri 2018, ikipe y'igihugu y'u Rwanda yo gusiganwa ku magare na [[Joseph Areruya|Areruya Joseph]] begukanye irushanwa ry'amagare [[La Tropicale Amissa Bongo|rya Tropicale Amissa Bongo]] ( Tour du Gabon ), ryari ku nshuro ya mbere ikipe ya Afurika iba ku rutonde rw'amakipe y'afurika atwara iri rushanwa. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Sabiiti |first=Daniel |date=2018-01-26 |title=Areruya Joseph Selected for U23 Tour of France |url=https://www.ktpress.rw/2018/01/areruya-joseph-selected-for-u23-tour-of-france/ |access-date=2023-09-15 |website=KT Press}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Tabaro |first=Jean de la Croix |date=2018-02-06 |title=Africa's Cyclist of The Year Brings Third Trophy Home |url=https://www.ktpress.rw/2018/02/africas-cyclist-of-the-year-brings-third-trophy-home/ |access-date=2023-09-15 |website=KT Press}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kamasa |first=Peter |date=2018-01-21 |title=Areruya wins La Tropicale Amissa Bongo 2018 race |url=https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/148141/Sports/areruya-wins-la-tropicale-amissa-bongo-2018-race |access-date=2023-09-15 |website=The New Times}}</ref> Mu gihe yamaze ku buyobozi, abakinnyi b'amagare b'u Rwanda begukanye [[Tour du Rwanda]] inshuro eshanu, 2014, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Samuel |date=2014-11-24 |title=Tour Du Rwanda 2014, Ndayisenga Valens has won The Tour {{!}} ISURAPE |url=https://isurape.rw/tour-du-rwanda-2014/ |access-date=2023-09-15}}</ref> 2015, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kamasa |first=Peter |date=2015-11-22 |title=Rwandan Nsengimana wins Tour du Rwanda 2015 |url=https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/124699/Sports/rwandan-nsengimana-wins-tour-du-rwanda-2015 |access-date=2023-09-15 |website=The New Times}}</ref> 2016, <ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-11-21 |title=Rwanda's Valens Ndayisenga wins 2016 Tour du Rwanda |url=https://www.africanews.com/2016/11/21/rwanda-s-valens-ndayisenga-wins-2016-tour-du-rwanda/ |access-date=2023-09-15 |website=Africanews}}</ref> 2017, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mugabe |first=Bonnie |date=2017-11-20 |title=Areruya Elated with Tour du Rwanda Victory |url=https://www.ktpress.rw/2017/11/areruya-elated-with-tour-du-rwanda-victory/ |access-date=2023-09-15 |website=KT Press}}</ref> na 2018. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Asiimwe |first=Geoffrey |date=2018-08-13 |title=Mugisha is Tour du Rwanda champion |url=https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/157232/Sports/mugisha-is-tour-du-rwanda-champion |access-date=2023-09-15 |website=The New Times}}</ref> == Ibihembo == Ku ya 18 Gashyantare 2018, Bayingana yahawe igihembo cy'ishimwe na Dr Mohamed Wagih Azzam perezida w'ishyirahamwe ry'abasiganwa ku magare muri Afurika kubera akazi gakomeye yakoze mu guteza imbere umukino w'amagare mu [[Rwanda]] no [[Afurika|muri Afurika]] . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-02-18 |title=Aimable Bayingana yahawe igihembo cy'ishimwe |url=https://panorama.rw/aimable-bayingana-yahawe-igihembo-cyishimwe/ |access-date=2023-09-15 |website=Panorama |archive-date=2023-09-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230919074100/https://panorama.rw/aimable-bayingana-yahawe-igihembo-cyishimwe/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Asiimwe |first=Geoffrey |date=2018-08-04 |title=Cycling: UCI to set up Training Centre in Rwanda |url=https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/156811/Sports/cycling-uci-to-set-up-training-centre-in-rwanda |access-date=2023-09-15 |website=The New Times}}</ref> == Amashakiro == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Amagare]] [[Ikiciro:Amagare mu Rwanda]] [[Ikiciro:Umuyobozi]] rtgnj8w11rxk42srdmj4b5ur8yb00g0 0 22148 133289 129324 2026-06-27T13:18:12Z B.Scalling 15089 133289 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Uwase Muyango Claudine''' ni umunyarwandakazi uzwi kwizina rya Coco wavukiye mu [[Intara y'amajyepfo|majyepfo]] y'u [[Rwanda]] wavutse mu 19 Werurwe 1997.Muyango kandi afite umugabo n'umwana umwe,yabaye miss photogenic 2019 <ref>https://umuryango.rw/imyidagaduro/article/byari-ibyishimo-mu-birori-byo-kwizihiza-isabukuru-y-imyaka-23-miss-muyango</ref> == Ubuzima bwite == Muyango Claudine yaje gukundana n'umukinnyi w'umunyezamu witwa [[Kimenyi Yves]] ariwe baje gusezerana mu mategeko taliki 6 Mutarama 2024.Ni umuhango wabereye mu busitani bwa Center Piece buri ku Gisozi,banasezeranywe kandi na Bishop Karemera Emmanuel wo mu itorero rya Living God Church nyuma bakibaruka umwana w'umuhungu witwa Miguel.<ref>https://imvahonshya.co.rw/miss-muyango-yifurije-isabukuru-nziza-kimenyi-amwibutsa-ko-yihariye-kuri-we/</ref> == Ibyo akora == Nyuma yirushanwa,Muyango yakomeje kwagura ibikorwa bye mu itangazamakuru no kumbuga nkoranyambaga.Yashyinze ikiganiro cyo kuri Youtube cyitwa Who is My Date?,kigamije kugirana ibiganiro bisanzwe nabandi byisanzuye n'ibyamamare byo m'uRwanda no mu karere.<ref>https://rwandainspirer.com/mutesi-scovia-elected-as-chairperson-of-the-rwanda-media-commission/</ref> == Amashakiro == k4w5vup75p79z4odrfussk8cnf7bry6 0 22381 133321 129870 2026-06-28T01:11:51Z InternetArchiveBot 9716 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 133321 wikitext text/x-wiki == ibyo wamenya kuri Olga Akingeneye == Akingeneye olga ni umunyarwandakazi w'imyaka 25. yize itangazamakuru n'itumanaho muri kaminuza ya mount kenya ariko ubu akaba ari rwiyemeza mirimo mugucuruza ibirungo by'ubwiza(make up)<ref name=":0">https://mobile.igihe.com/amakuru/muri-afurika/u-rwanda/article/impanuro-za-akigengeye-ku-bahisha-abana-bafite-ubumuga-mu-gikari </ref> Olga yahiye isura afite imyaka 3 ariko ntibyamubujije gutinyuka akiteza imbere ndetse no gukangurira abandi bitinya kubera ubumuga runaka bafite.<ref name=":0" /> Akingeneye arubatse n'umugabo we Arthur Ndoba.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://afriwedd.com/olga-akingeneye-marriage-story/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2026-03-24 |archive-date=2026-01-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260120122805/https://afriwedd.com/olga-akingeneye-marriage-story/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> 9q3i40bpdywgzg19h00kjrc6kl34z6i 0 22479 133311 130252 2026-06-27T18:34:05Z Igiraneza Divine 15375 Impinduka 133311 wikitext text/x-wiki == BLANDY STAR == ''Uwase Blandine'' wamenyekanye ku izina rya ''Blandy Star'' ni umunyamakauru w'umunyarwandakazi ukora kuri Radio &Tv10, ndetse akaba afite ikiganiro cyitwa 'this and That anyuza kuri youtube channel nayo yitwa gutyo, aho akorana na mugenzi we Tessy.<ref>https://www.igihe.com/imyidagaduro/article/tessy-uvugwa-mu-rukundo-na-shizzo-yashyize-umucyo-ku-itandukana-rye-na-blandy</ref> == AMASHAKIRO; == r6uwtv87af8qb947a08o7jnzkpwqudv 133312 133311 2026-06-27T18:34:31Z Igiraneza Divine 15375 Impinduka 133312 wikitext text/x-wiki == BLANDY STAR == ''Uwase Blandine'' wamenyekanye ku izina rya ''Blandy Star'' ni umunyamakauru w'umunyarwandakazi ukora kuri Radio &Tv10, ndetse akaba afite ikiganiro cyitwa 'this and That anyuza kuri youtube channel nayo yitwa gutyo, aho akorana na mugenzi we Tessy.<ref>https://www.igihe.com/imyidagaduro/article/tessy-uvugwa-mu-rukundo-na-shizzo-yashyize-umucyo-ku-itandukana-rye-na-blandy</ref> == AMASHAKIRO == dylcdsztdec8ndtjvsrlqsg9pnhr9ky 0 22621 133355 131155 2026-06-28T08:47:02Z InternetArchiveBot 9716 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 133355 wikitext text/x-wiki Nyuma y'umunsi umwe Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi itangiye mu Rwanda, taliki ya 8 Mata 1994 ubwicanyi bwarakomeje mu bice bitandukanye by'igihugu, ku rundi ruhande ingabo za FPR Inkotanyi nazo zakomeje urugamba zigamije guhagarika Jenoside.<ref name=":0">[https://amizero.rw/bimwe-mu-byaranze-tariki-ya-08-mata-1994/#:~:text=%E2%80%93%20Kuva%20ku%20itariki%20ya,Rutsiro%20muri%20Perefegitura%20ya%20Kibuye. https://amizero.rw/bimwe-mu-byaranze-tariki-ya-08-mata-1994/#:~:text=%E2%80%93%20Kuva%20ku%20itariki%20ya,Rutsiro%20muri%20Perefegitura%20ya%20Kibuye.]</ref> Kuri iyi taliki, Maj. Gen. Paul Kagame wari Umugaba Mukuru w'Ingabo za FPR Inkotanyi, yatangaje ko atangiye intambara kuri Leta yakoraga Jenoside kuko bitari bigishoboka kubahiriza amasezerano y'amahoro ya Arusha. Ingabo za FPR Inkotanyi zatangije urugamba mu Mujyi wa Kigali, ziyemeza guhagarika Jenoside mu maguru mashya. Nkuko tubikesha CNLG, izi ngabo zubuye imirwano mu duce twa Byumba na Ruhengeri kugira ngo zihagarike Jenoside yakorerwaga Abatutsi.<ref name=":0" /> Mu Karere ka Nyaruguru Abatutsi bari bahungiye mu ruganda rw'icyayi rwa Mata barishwe bose. Uwo munsi Abatutsi bageragezaga guhungira mu cyahoze ari Zaire, interahamwe zarabatangiraga, zikabakusanyiriza ahitwa Rusura, mu Murenge wa Bugeshi muri Gisenyi, zikabica. Abasirikare b'Abafaransa n'Ababiligi, batangiye igikorwa cyo gucyura abanyaburayi babaga mu Rwanda. Abafaransa bacyita Operation Amarylis naho Ababiligi bacyita Silver Back.<ref name=":1">[https://my250tv.com/2025/04/08/kwibuka31-ibyaranze-tariki-ya-8-mata-1994/#:~:text=Uwo%20munsi%20kandi%20nibwo%20Abatutsi,ku%20tariki%20ya%207%20barimburwa. https://my250tv.com/2025/04/08/kwibuka31-ibyaranze-tariki-ya-8-mata-1994/#:~:text=Uwo%20munsi%20kandi%20nibwo%20Abatutsi,ku%20tariki%20ya%207%20barimburwa.]</ref> Abatutsi bari bahungiye Mwiri ku musozi wa Nyawera (muri Kayonza)barishwe. Interahamwe n'abasirikare barindaga Perezida Habyarimana Juvenal bishe Abatutsi bari bahungiye kuri Paruwasi Gatolika yitiriwe Mutagatifu Karoli Lwanga no mu kigo cy'Abafureri b'Abayozefiti i Nyamirambo.<ref name=":1" /> -Abatutsi bari bahungiye mu Ishuri rya St Andre i Nyamirambo barishwe. Kuva ku italiki ya 8, 14, 25 Mata 1994, Abatutsi bari bahungiye kuri Paruwasi Gatolika ya Ruhuha, barishwe. Ubwicanyi bwibasiye Abatutsi bwatangiye muri Komini Rutsiro muri Perefegitura ya Kibuye.<ref name=":2">https://umuryango.rw/kwibuka/article/ibyaranze-tariki-ya-08-mata-1994-muri-jenoside-yakorewe-abatutsi</ref> Ingabo za FPR Inkotanyi zageze i Kigali, Kagame Paul amenyesha MINUAR ko agiye kohereza umutwe w'Ingabo gufatanya n'Ingabo za Leta mu guhagarika ubwicanyi bwakorwaga n'Abasirikare barindaga Perezida Habyarimana. Mu Kinigi, Koloneli Setako Ephrem yategetse Interahamwe kwica Abatutsi baho. Uwo munsi Ingabo za FPR Inkotanyi zahageze zibasha kurokora bake bari basigaye bataricwa.<ref name=":2" /> Abatutsi bagera ku 5000 bari bahungiye ku rusengero rw'Abadiventisite rwa Cyambara mu Murenge wa Bigogwe muri Perefegitura ya Gisenyi, ubu ni mu Karere ka Rubavu. Hishwe Abatutsi bari bahungiye mu Bitaro bya Shyira muri Perefegitura ya Ruhengeri, ubu ni mu Karere ka Nyabihu.<ref>[https://my250tv.com/2025/04/08/kwibuka31-ibyaranze-tariki-ya-8-mata-1994/#:~:text=Kwibuka31%3A%20Ibyaranze%20tariki%20ya%208,bukware%20Abatutsi%20aho%20bari%20hose. https://my250tv.com/2025/04/08/kwibuka31-ibyaranze-tariki-ya-8-mata-1994/#:~:text=Kwibuka31%3A%20Ibyaranze%20tariki%20ya%208,bukware%20Abatutsi%20aho%20bari%20hose.]</ref> Hishwe Abatutsi bari bahungiye ku rusengero rw'Adiventisiti rwa Mudende muri Perefegitura ya Gisenyi, ubu ni mu Karere ka Rubavu. Hishwe Abatutsi bari bahungiye ku rusengero rw'Adiventisiti rwa Bweramana muri Perefegitura ya Gisenyi, ubu ni mu Karere ka Rubavu. Abatutsi bari bahungiye ku rusengero rwa ADEPR Kabumba, Perefegitura ya Gisenyi barishwe. Abatutsi bari bahungiye muri Kaminuza y'Adiventisiti ya Mudende muri Perefegitura ya Gisenyi barishwe, ubu ni mu Karere ka Rubavu. Hishwe Abatutsi ku musozi wa Kesho muri Rubaya(Ngororero).<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://thechoicelive.com/kwibuka31-ibyaranze-itariki-ya-08-mata-1994#:~:text=Kwibuka31%3A%20Ibyaranze%20itariki%20ya%2008,Mata%201994&text=%2D%20Kuva%20tariki%20ya%2008%2C,Paruwasi%20Gatolika%20ya%20Ruhuha%20barishwe. |title=Archive copy |access-date=2026-05-13 |archive-date=2026-04-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260412220611/http://thechoicelive.com/kwibuka31-ibyaranze-itariki-ya-08-mata-1994#:~:text=Kwibuka31%3A%20Ibyaranze%20itariki%20ya%2008,Mata%201994&text=%2D%20Kuva%20tariki%20ya%2008%2C,Paruwasi%20Gatolika%20ya%20Ruhuha%20barishwe. |url-status=dead }}</ref> Hishwe Abatutsi i Kavumu no mu nkengero zaho(mu yari Komini Ramba). Hishwe Abatutsi benshi muri Centre ya Gakenke. Hishwe Abatutsi i Bukeri(muri Komini Ndusu) ku mugezi wa Mukungwa ku gice kigana muri Vunga. Hishwe Abatutsi kuri Superefegitura ya Busengo.<ref name=":0" /> '''AMASHAKIRO;''' oxngqpvtxs1q7dfm871tc5hmiin0n08 0 22926 133381 132031 2026-06-28T11:39:42Z InternetArchiveBot 9716 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 133381 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ikiyaga cya Cyohoha y'Amajyaruguruni''' ni ikiyaga cyo mu [[Rwanda]] giherereye mu [[Akarere ka Bugesera|karere ka Bugesera]], mu [[Intara y'Iburasirazuba|Ntara y'Iburasirazuba]] bw'u [[Rwanda]] <ref>{{Cite web |title=Lac Cyohoha Nord lake, Eastern Province, Rwanda |url=https://rw.geoview.info/lac_cyohoha_nord,202320 |access-date=2025-06-09 |website=rw.geoview.info}}</ref> . == Ubumenyi bw'isi == <mapframe text="OpenStreetMap-Karte" latitude="-2.245" longitude="30.112" zoom="12" width="220" height="220" align="left"> { "type": "ExternalData", "service": "geoshape", "ids": "Q35721059", "properties": { "fill-opacity": 0.1,"stroke": "#3b78cb" } } </mapframe>Ikiyaga cya Cyohoha y'Amajyaruguru giherereye mu majyaruguru y'Ikiyaga [[Ikiyaga cya Cohoha|cya Cyohoha y'Amajyepfo]] . Amazi anyura mu kiyaga ava mu gishanga cya Murago mu [[Uburundi|Burundi]], maze agatemba ajya mu ruzi rw' Akanyaru mu burengerazuba. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Burundi : sécurité alimentaire et réconciliation – DW – 01/01/2012 |url=https://www.dw.com/fr/burundi-s%C3%A9curit%C3%A9-alimentaire-et-r%C3%A9conciliation/a-15639531 |access-date=2025-06-09 |website=dw.com |language=fr}}</ref> , <ref>{{Cite web |title=Lac Cohoha |url=https://africafantastic.bi/index.php/explore/12-lac-cohoha |access-date=2025-06-09 |website=africafantastic.bi |language=en-gb}}</ref> Ariko, ubuso bw'amazi bw'ikiyaga cya Cyohoha y'Amajyaruguru bwaragabanutse cyane, ku buryo bwari bwumye kuva mu ntangiriro za 2000. Ubuso bw'amazi busigaye ni kilometero kare 0,56. <ref name="waterportal_akanyaru">{{Cite web |title=Akanyaru Catchment (NAKN) |url=https://waterportal.rwb.rw/index.php/catchment-level-1/25 |access-date=2024-02-15 |website=Rwanda Water Portal |language=en}}</ref> Mbere, mu gihe cy'imyuzure, bwari kilometero kare 12. Ikiyaga gito cyari gifite uburebure bwa kilometero 12 n'ubugari bwa kilometero 1. <ref name="Hughes1992">{{Cite book |last=Hughes |first=R. H. |date=1992 |title=A Directory of African Wetlands |url=https://portals.iucn.org/library/sites/library/files/documents/1992-007.pdf |last2=Hughes |first2=J. S. |publisher=[[IUCN]] |isbn=2-88032-949-3 |page=199–210 |language=en |format=PDF |access-date=2024-02-15}}</ref> , <ref>{{Cite web |title=Lac Cyohoha Nord (Cyohohanord Lac) Carte (Plan), Photos et la meteo - (Rwanda): lac - Latitude:-2.24444 and Longitude:30.1283 |url=https://fr.getamap.net/cartes/rwanda/kigali/_cyohohanord_lac/ |access-date=2025-06-09 |website=fr.getamap.net}}</ref> == Ibimera n'inyamaswa == Ubwoko bw'ibimera byiganje biboneka muri iki kiyaga harimo iminywamazi, amarebe, urubobi ( <ref name="rema">{{Cite web |date=2021-12 |title=Effectiveness and Sustainability of Aquatic Invasive Plants Management in Lake Cyohoha North |url=https://www.rema.gov.rw/fileadmin/user_upload/Effectiveness_and_Sustainability_of_Aquatic_Invasive_Plants_Management_in_Lake_Cyohoha_North.pdf |access-date=2024-02-15 |website=Rwanda Environment Management Authority |language=en |format=PDF |archive-date=2024-02-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240215223507/https://www.rema.gov.rw/fileadmin/user_upload/Effectiveness_and_Sustainability_of_Aquatic_Invasive_Plants_Management_in_Lake_Cyohoha_North.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> . Inyamaswa zo mu mafi zirimo tilapiya, n'ifi yo mu bwoko bw'inkara zo muri Afurika bene ayo mafi agira umubiri unyerera ntago agira amagaragamba ni ifi ziboneka muri Afurika. == Reba kandi == * [[Urutonde rwibiyaga byu Rwanda|Urutonde rw'ibiyaga byo mu Rwanda]] == Amashakiro == 66fgsrhx9xi77kk2hqdx0shh9605fic 0 22997 133373 2026-06-28T10:35:56Z ~2026-37034-88 18472 Created page with "=== NTARE KIBOGORA YARI MUNTU KI ===" 133373 wikitext text/x-wiki === NTARE KIBOGORA YARI MUNTU KI === a2y1dxdy3zjx7o7n1gzgldm1iqgep79