ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ satwiki https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A2%E1%B1%A9%E1%B1%AC%E1%B1%A9%E1%B1%9B_%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%A6%E1%B1%B4%E1%B1%9F MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.8 first-letter ᱢᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱟᱥᱚᱠᱟᱭ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱨᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱫ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ ᱢᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟᱣᱤᱠᱤ ᱢᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟᱣᱤᱠᱤ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ ᱪᱷᱟᱸᱪ ᱪᱷᱟᱸᱪ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ ᱜᱚᱸᱲᱚᱸ ᱜᱚᱸᱲᱚᱸ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ TimedText TimedText talk ᱢᱳᱰᱩᱞ ᱢᱳᱰᱩᱞ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ Event Event talk 4 79 193137 193103 2026-06-25T13:30:04Z MediaWiki message delivery 395 /* Deployment of Legal and Safety Contacts Link in the Footer of Your Wiki */ new section 193137 wikitext text/x-wiki __NEWSECTIONLINK__ {{ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱢᱮ}} <div style="border:1px solid #AAA; background-color:#FFFFFF; padding-left:6px; margin-bottom: 1em;"> <div style="background-color:#F7F7F7; padding:10px; padding-right:20px; border-left:1px solid #CCC; border-bottom:1px solid #DDD; border-right:1px solid #DDD; border-top:1px solid #FAFAFA; margin-left:50px;"> [[ᱨᱮᱫ:System-users.svg|95px|left]] <big style="margin-top:.1em; padding-left:5px; text-align:left; margin-bottom:.2em; border-bottom:0; font-weight:bold;">ᱠᱷᱩᱴ ᱵᱚᱞᱚᱜ ᱦᱚᱨ </big> <div style="font-size:120%; margin-bottom:10px; text-align:left; padding-right:5%; line-height:150%; color:#222; padding-left:5px;">ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱷᱩᱴ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱚᱦᱟᱨ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱱᱰᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱠᱚ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱚᱱᱟᱠᱚ ᱜᱮᱵᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱫᱟᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ-ᱟ᱾ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱜᱚᱨ ᱛᱮᱦᱚ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱠᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱩᱥᱟᱹᱨᱟ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ-ᱟ᱾ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱠᱚᱭ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱪᱟᱹᱞᱤᱛ ᱠᱷᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱦᱚᱵᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟ ᱟᱵᱚᱱ ᱾ * '''en:''' Requests for the [[m:bot|bot]] flag should be made on this page. This wiki uses the [[m:bot policy|standard bot policy]], and allows [[m:bot policy#Global_bots|global bots]] and [[m:bot policy#Automatic_approval|automatic approval of certain types of bots]]. Other bots should apply below, and then [[m:Steward requests/Bot status|request access]] from a steward if there is no objection. </div> <div style="clear:both;"></div> </div> </div> == [Announcement] Leadership Development Task Force == Dear community members, The [[:m:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2018-20/Recommendations/Invest in Skills and Leadership Development|Invest in Skill and Leadership Development]] Movement Strategy recommendation indicates that our movement needs a globally coordinated effort to succeed in leadership development. The [[:m:Community Development|Community Development team]] is supporting the creation of a global and community-driven [[:m:Leadership Development Task Force]] ([[:m:Leadership Development Task Force/Purpose and Structure|Purpose & Structure]]). The purpose of the task force is to advise leadership development work. The team seeks community feedback on what could be the responsibilities of the task force. Also, if any community member wishes to be a part of the 12-member task force, kindly reach out to us. The feedback period is until 25 February 2022. '''Where to share feedback?''' '''#1''' Interested community members can add their thoughts on the [[:m:Talk:Leadership Development Task Force|Discussion page]]. '''#2''' Interested community members can join a regional discussion on 18 February, Friday through Google Meet. '''Date & Time''' * Friday, 18 February · 7:00 – 8:00 PM IST ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1645191032 Your Timezone]) ([https://calendar.google.com/event?action=TEMPLATE&tmeid=NHVqMjgxNGNnOG9rYTFtMW8zYzFiODlvNGMgY19vbWxxdXBsMTRqbnNhaHQ2N2Y5M2RoNDJnMEBn&tmsrc=c_omlqupl14jnsaht67f93dh42g0%40group.calendar.google.com Add to Calendar]) * Google Meet link: https://meet.google.com/nae-rgsd-vif Thanks for your time. Regards, [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:CSinha (WMF)|CSinha (WMF)]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:CSinha (WMF)|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱑᱒:᱐᱔, ᱙ ᱯᱷᱮᱵᱽᱨᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱒᱐᱒᱒ (UTC) == Universal Code of Conduct (UCoC) Enforcement Guidelines & Ratification Vote == '''In brief:''' the [[:m:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines|revised Enforcement Guidelines]] have been published. Voting to ratify the guidelines will happen from [[:m:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting|7 March to 21 March 2022]]. Community members can participate in the discussion with the UCoC project team and drafting committee members on 25 February (12:00 UTC) and 4 March (15:00 UTC). Please [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Conversations|sign-up]]. '''Details:''' The [[:m:Universal Code of Conduct]] (UCoC) provides a baseline of acceptable behavior for the entire Wikimedia movement. The UCoC and the Enforcement Guidelines were written by [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Drafting committee|volunteer-staff drafting committees]] following community consultations. The revised guidelines were published 24 January 2022. '''What’s next?''' '''#1 Community Conversations''' To help to understand the guidelines, the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance|Movement Strategy and Governance]] (MSG) team will host conversations with the UCoC project team and drafting committee members on 25 February (12:00 UTC) and 4 March (15:00 UTC). Please [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Conversations|sign-up]]. Comments about the guidelines can be shared [[:m:Talk:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines|on the Enforcement Guidelines talk page]]. You can comment in any language. '''#2 Ratification Voting''' The Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees released a [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board noticeboard/January 2022 - Board of Trustees on Community ratification of enforcement guidelines of UCoC|statement on the ratification process]] where eligible voters can support or oppose the adoption of the enforcement guidelines through vote. Wikimedians are invited to [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voter information/Volunteer|translate and share important information]]. A [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting|SecurePoll vote]] is scheduled from 7 March to 21 March 2022. [[:m:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voter information#Voting%20eligibility|Eligible voters]] are invited to answer a poll question and share comments. Voters will be asked if they support the enforcement of the UCoC based on the proposed guidelines. Thank you. [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:CSinha (WMF)|CSinha (WMF)]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:CSinha (WMF)|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱑᱕:᱕᱔, ᱒᱒ ᱯᱷᱮᱵᱽᱨᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱒᱐᱒᱒ (UTC) == <section begin="announcement-header" />The Call for Feedback: Board of Trustees elections is now closed <section end="announcement-header" /> == <section begin="announcement-content" />:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees/Call for feedback: Board of Trustees elections/Call for Feedback is now closed|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]'' :''<div class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees/Call for feedback: Board of Trustees elections/Call for Feedback is now closed|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees/Call for feedback: Board of Trustees elections/Call for Feedback is now closed}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div>'' The [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees/Call for feedback: Board of Trustees elections|Call for Feedback: Board of Trustees elections]] is now closed. This Call ran from 10 January and closed on 16 February 2022. The Call focused on [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees/Call for feedback: Board of Trustees elections/Discuss Key Questions#Questions|three key questions]] and received broad discussion [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees/Call for feedback: Board of Trustees elections/Discuss Key Questions|on Meta-wiki]], during meetings with affiliates, and in various community conversations. The community and affiliates provided many proposals and discussion points. The [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees/Call for feedback: Board of Trustees elections/Reports|reports]] are on Meta-wiki. This information will be shared with the Board of Trustees and Elections Committee so they can make informed decisions about the upcoming Board of Trustees election. The Board of Trustees will then follow with an announcement after they have discussed the information. Thank you to everyone who participated in the Call for Feedback to help improve Board election processes. Thank you, Movement Strategy and Governance<br /><section end="announcement-content" /> [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:CSinha (WMF)|CSinha (WMF)]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:CSinha (WMF)|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱐᱘:᱒᱒, ᱕ ᱢᱟᱨᱪ ᱒᱐᱒᱒ (UTC) == UCoC Enforcement Guidelines Ratification Vote Begins (7 - 21 March 2022) == The ratification of the [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] (UCoC) [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines|enforcement guidelines]] has started. Every eligible community member can vote. For instructions on voting using SecurePoll and Voting eligibility, [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voter_information|please read this]]. The last date to vote is 21 March 2022. '''Vote here''' - https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:SecurePoll/vote/391 Thank you, [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:CSinha (WMF)|CSinha (WMF)]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:CSinha (WMF)|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱑᱗:᱑᱖, ᱗ ᱢᱟᱨᱪ ᱒᱐᱒᱒ (UTC) == Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement guidelines ratification voting is now closed == : ''[[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Vote/Closing message|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]'' : ''<div class="plainlinks">[[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Vote/Closing message|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Vote/Closing message}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div>'' Greetings, The ratification voting process for the [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines|revised enforcement guidelines]] of the [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] (UCoC) came to a close on 21 March 2022. '''Over {{#expr:2300}} Wikimedians voted''' across different regions of our movement. Thank you to everyone who participated in this process! The scrutinizing group is now reviewing the vote for accuracy, so please allow up to two weeks for them to finish their work. The final results from the voting process will be announced [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting/Results|here]], along with the relevant statistics and a summary of comments as soon as they are available. Please check out [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voter information|the voter information page]] to learn about the next steps. You can comment on the project talk page [[metawiki:Talk:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines|on Meta-wiki]] in any language. You may also contact the UCoC project team by email: ucocproject[[File:At_sign.svg|link=|16x16px|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org Best regards, [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:CSinha (WMF)|CSinha (WMF)]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:CSinha (WMF)|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱐᱙:᱕᱖, ᱒᱓ ᱢᱟᱨᱪ ᱒᱐᱒᱒ (UTC) == Announcing Indic Hackathon 2022 and Scholarship Applications == Dear Wikimedians, we are happy to announce that the Indic MediaWiki Developers User Group will be organizing [[m:Indic Hackathon 2022|Indic Hackathon 2022]], a regional event as part of the main [[mw:Wikimedia Hackathon 2022|Wikimedia Hackathon 2022]] taking place in a hybrid mode during 20-22 May 2022. The event will take place in Hyderabad. The regional event will be in-person with support for virtual participation. As it is with any hackathon, the event’s program will be semi-structured i.e. while we will have some sessions in sync with the main hackathon event, the rest of the time will be upto participants’ interest on what issues they are interested to work on. The event page can be seen on [[m:Indic Hackathon 2022|this page]]. In this regard, we would like to invite community members who would like to attend in-person to fill out a [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSc1lhp8IdXNxL55sgPmgOKzfWxknWzN870MvliqJZHhIijY5A/viewform?usp=sf_link form for scholarship application] by 17 April, which is available on the event page. Please note that the hackathon won’t be focusing on training of new skills, and it is expected that applications have some experience/knowledge contributing to technical areas of the Wikimedia movement. Please post on the event talk page if you have any queries. [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:MediaWiki message delivery|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱑᱘:᱓᱑, ᱗ ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱞ ᱒᱐᱒᱒ (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:KCVelaga@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/South_Asia_Village_Pumps&oldid=23115331 --> == Join the South Asia / ESEAP Annual Plan Meeting with Maryana Iskander == Dear community members, In continuation of [[m:User:MIskander-WMF|Maryana Iskander]]'s [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Chief Executive Officer/Maryana’s Listening Tour| listening tour]], the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Communications|Movement Communications]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance|Movement Strategy and Governance]] teams invite you to discuss the '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2022-2023/draft|2022-23 Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan]]'''. The conversations are about these questions: * The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia 2030|2030 Wikimedia Movement Strategy]] sets a direction toward "knowledge as a service" and "knowledge equity". The Wikimedia Foundation wants to plan according to these two goals. How do you think the Wikimedia Foundation should apply them to our work? * The Wikimedia Foundation continues to explore better ways of working at a regional level. We have increased our regional focus in areas like grants, new features, and community conversations. How can we improve? * Anyone can contribute to the Movement Strategy process. We want to know about your activities, ideas, requests, and lessons learned. How can the Wikimedia Foundation better support the volunteers and affiliates working in Movement Strategy activities? <b>Date and Time</b> The meeting will happen via [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/j/84673607574?pwd=dXo0Ykpxa0xkdWVZaUZPNnZta0k1UT09 Zoom] on 24 April (Sunday) at 07:00 UTC ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1650783659 local time]). Kindly [https://calendar.google.com/event?action=TEMPLATE&tmeid=MmtjZnJibXVjYXYyZzVwcGtiZHVjNW1lY3YgY19vbWxxdXBsMTRqbnNhaHQ2N2Y5M2RoNDJnMEBn&tmsrc=c_omlqupl14jnsaht67f93dh42g0%40group.calendar.google.com add the event to your calendar]. Live interpretation will be available for some languages. Regards, [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:CSinha (WMF)|CSinha (WMF)]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:CSinha (WMF)|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱑᱐:᱒᱒, ᱑᱗ ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱞ ᱒᱐᱒᱒ (UTC) == Call for Candidates: 2022 Board of Trustees Election == Dear community members, The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022|2022 Board of Trustees elections]] process has begun. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Announcement/Call_for_Candidates|Call for Candidates]] has been announced. The Board of Trustees oversees the operations of the Wikimedia Foundation. Community-and-affiliate selected trustees and Board-appointed trustees make up the Board of Trustees. Each trustee serves a three year term. The Wikimedia community has the opportunity to vote for community-and-affiliate selected trustees. The Wikimedia community will vote to elect two seats on the Board of Trustees in 2022. This is an opportunity to improve the representation, diversity, and expertise of the Board of Trustees. Kindly [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Apply to be a Candidate|submit your candidacy]] to join the Board of Trustees. [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:CSinha (WMF)|CSinha (WMF)]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:CSinha (WMF)|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱐᱙:᱐᱑, ᱒᱙ ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱞ ᱒᱐᱒᱒ (UTC) == <section begin="announcement-header" />Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees election 2022 - Call for Election Volunteers<section end="announcement-header" /> == <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Election Volunteers/2022/Call for Election Volunteers|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]'' :''<div class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Election Volunteers/2022/Call for Election Volunteers|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Movement Strategy and Governance/Election Volunteers/2022/Call for Election Volunteers}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div>'' The Movement Strategy and Governance team is looking for community members to serve as election volunteers in the upcoming Board of Trustees election. The idea of the Election Volunteer Program came up during the 2021 Wikimedia Board of Trustees Election. This program turned out to be successful. With the help of Election Volunteers we were able to increase outreach and participation in the election by 1,753 voters over 2017. Overall turnout was 10.13%, 1.1 percentage points more, and 214 wikis were represented in the election. There were a total of 74 wikis that did not participate in 2017 that produced voters in the 2021 election. Can you help increase the participation even more? Election volunteers will help in the following areas: * Translate short messages and announce the ongoing election process in community channels * Optional: Monitor community channels for community comments and questions Volunteers should: * Maintain the friendly space policy during conversations and events * Present the guidelines and voting information to the community in a neutral manner Do you want to be an election volunteer and ensure your community is represented in the vote? Sign up [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Election Volunteers/About|here]] to receive updates. You can use the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Talk:Movement Strategy and Governance/Election Volunteers/About|talk page]] for questions about translation.<br /><section end="announcement-content" /> [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:CSinha (WMF)|CSinha (WMF)]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:CSinha (WMF)|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱑᱐:᱓᱒, ᱑᱒ ᱢᱮ ᱒᱐᱒᱒ (UTC) == Santali Wikipedia Adminship Support Of User ᱫᱚᱞᱚᱱ ᱯᱨᱳᱵᱟᱥ == ''<span style="font-family:Monotype Corsiva;background-image:linear-gradient(90deg,red,yellow,cyan);color:transparent;background-clip:text;-webkit-background-clip:text">Hello Everyone'', ''I want a test administrator of the Santali Wikipedia community.I want joined adminship to the Santali Wikipedia. I'd like to continue fight vandalism and meaningless content which is still appearing. I think my previous experience of adminship was more or less helpful so it would be nice if I keep having one. Thanks in advance.'' ''I have been contributing in Santali Wikipedia which is in incubator and we are trying to make it live. Santali language is an indegenous language which is talked in Eastern india , West bangladesh and Nepal, Bhutan. There is no much work has been done for this language , so I want to make information available through this language in wikipedia''. ᱐᱙:᱒᱓, ᱔ ᱡᱩᱱ ᱒᱐᱒᱒ (UTC) ===Discussion=== ''Please keep the discussion friendly'', * Can you please explain, Where were you an administrator? or why are you consider that this is an test project? Thanks —[[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:MdsShakil|MdsShakil]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:MdsShakil|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱑᱒:᱔᱙, ᱔ ᱡᱩᱱ ᱒᱐᱒᱒ (UTC) == Propose statements for the 2022 Election Compass == : ''[[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Propose statements for the 2022 Election Compass| You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]'' : ''<div class="plainlinks">[[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Propose statements for the 2022 Election Compass|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Propose statements for the 2022 Election Compass}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div>'' Hi all, Community members are invited to ''' [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Community_Voting/Election_Compass|propose statements to use in the Election Compass]]''' for the [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022|2022 Board of Trustees election.]] An Election Compass is a tool to help voters select the candidates that best align with their beliefs and views. The community members will propose statements for the candidates to answer using a Lickert scale (agree/neutral/disagree). The candidates’ answers to the statements will be loaded into the Election Compass tool. Voters will use the tool by entering in their answer to the statements (agree/neutral/disagree). The results will show the candidates that best align with the voter’s beliefs and views. Here is the timeline for the Election Compass: * July 8 - 20: Community members propose statements for the Election Compass * July 21 - 22: Elections Committee reviews statements for clarity and removes off-topic statements * July 23 - August 1: Volunteers vote on the statements * August 2 - 4: Elections Committee selects the top 15 statements * August 5 - 12: candidates align themselves with the statements * August 15: The Election Compass opens for voters to use to help guide their voting decision The Elections Committee will select the top 15 statements at the beginning of August. The Elections Committee will oversee the process, supported by the Movement Strategy and Governance (MSG) team. MSG will check that the questions are clear, there are no duplicates, no typos, and so on. Regards, Movement Strategy & Governance ''This message was sent on behalf of the Board Selection Task Force and the Elections Committee'' [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:CSinha (WMF)|CSinha (WMF)]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:CSinha (WMF)|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱐᱘:᱒᱒, ᱑᱒ ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ ᱒᱐᱒᱒ (UTC) == Board of Trustees - Affiliate Voting Results == :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Announcing the six candidates for the 2022 Board of Trustees election| You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]'' :''<div class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Announcing the six candidates for the 2022 Board of Trustees election|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Announcing the six candidates for the 2022 Board of Trustees election}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div>'' Dear community members, '''The Affiliate voting process has concluded.''' Representatives from each Affiliate organization learned about the candidates by reading candidates’ statements, reviewing candidates’ answers to questions, and considering the candidates’ ratings provided by the Analysis Committee. The shortlisted 2022 Board of Trustees candidates are: * Tobechukwu Precious Friday ([[User:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]]) * Farah Jack Mustaklem ([[User:Fjmustak|Fjmustak]]) * Shani Evenstein Sigalov ([[User:Esh77|Esh77]]) * Kunal Mehta ([[User:Legoktm|Legoktm]]) * Michał Buczyński ([[User:Aegis Maelstrom|Aegis Maelstrom]]) * Mike Peel ([[User:Mike Peel|Mike Peel]]) See more information about the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Results|Results]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Stats|Statistics]] of this election. Please take a moment to appreciate the Affiliate representatives and Analysis Committee members for taking part in this process and helping to grow the Board of Trustees in capacity and diversity. Thank you for your participation. '''The next part of the Board election process is the community voting period.''' View the election timeline [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022#Timeline| here]]. To prepare for the community voting period, there are several things community members can engage with, in the following ways: * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Candidates|Read candidates’ statements]] and read the candidates’ answers to the questions posed by the Affiliate Representatives. * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Community_Voting/Questions_for_Candidates|Propose and select the 6 questions for candidates to answer during their video Q&A]]. * See the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Candidates|Analysis Committee’s ratings of candidates on each candidate’s statement]]. * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Community Voting/Election Compass|Propose statements for the Election Compass]] voters can use to find which candidates best fit their principles. * Encourage others in your community to take part in the election. Regards, Movement Strategy and Governance ''This message was sent on behalf of the Board Selection Task Force and the Elections Committee'' [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:CSinha (WMF)|CSinha (WMF)]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:CSinha (WMF)|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱐᱙:᱐᱐, ᱒᱐ ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ ᱒᱐᱒᱒ (UTC) == Movement Strategy and Governance News – Issue 7 == <section begin="msg-newsletter"/> <div style = "line-height: 1.2"> <span style="font-size:200%;">'''Movement Strategy and Governance News'''</span><br> <span style="font-size:120%; color:#404040;">'''Issue 7, July-September 2022'''</span><span style="font-size:120%; float:right;">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7|'''Read the full newsletter''']]</span> ---- Welcome to the 7th issue of Movement Strategy and Governance newsletter! The newsletter distributes relevant news and events about the implementation of Wikimedia's [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy/Initiatives|Movement Strategy recommendations]], other relevant topics regarding Movement governance, as well as different projects and activities supported by the Movement Strategy and Governance (MSG) team of the Wikimedia Foundation. The MSG Newsletter is delivered quarterly, while the more frequent [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy/Updates|Movement Strategy Weekly]] will be delivered weekly. Please remember to subscribe [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/MSG Newsletter Subscription|here]] if you would like to receive future issues of this newsletter. </div><div style="margin-top:3px; padding:10px 10px 10px 20px; background:#fffff; border:2px solid #808080; border-radius:4px; font-size:100%;"> * '''Movement sustainability''': Wikimedia Foundation's annual sustainability report has been published. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A1|continue reading]]) * '''Improving user experience''': recent improvements on the desktop interface for Wikimedia projects. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A2|continue reading]]) * '''Safety and inclusion''': updates on the revision process of the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A3|continue reading]]) * '''Equity in decisionmaking''': reports from Hubs pilots conversations, recent progress from the Movement Charter Drafting Committee, and a new white paper for futures of participation in the Wikimedia movement. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A4|continue reading]]) * '''Stakeholders coordination''': launch of a helpdesk for Affiliates and volunteer communities working on content partnership. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A5|continue reading]]) * '''Leadership development''': updates on leadership projects by Wikimedia movement organizers in Brazil and Cape Verde. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A6|continue reading]]) * '''Internal knowledge management''': launch of a new portal for technical documentation and community resources. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A7|continue reading]]) * '''Innovate in free knowledge''': high-quality audiovisual resources for scientific experiments and a new toolkit to record oral transcripts. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A8|continue reading]]) * '''Evaluate, iterate, and adapt''': results from the Equity Landscape project pilot ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A9|continue reading]]) * '''Other news and updates''': a new forum to discuss Movement Strategy implementation, upcoming Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees election, a new podcast to discuss Movement Strategy, and change of personnel for the Foundation's Movement Strategy and Governance team. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A10|continue reading]]) </div><section end="msg-newsletter"/> [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:CSinha (WMF)|CSinha (WMF)]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:CSinha (WMF)|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱑᱒:᱕᱘, ᱒᱔ ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ ᱒᱐᱒᱒ (UTC) == Vote for Election Compass Statements == :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Vote for Election Compass Statements| You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]'' :''<div class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Vote for Election Compass Statements|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Vote for Election Compass Statements}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div>'' Dear community members, Volunteers in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022|2022 Board of Trustees election]] are invited to '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Community_Voting/Election_Compass/Statements|vote for statements to use in the Election Compass]]'''. You can vote for the statements you would like to see included in the Election Compass on Meta-wiki. An Election Compass is a tool to help voters select the candidates that best align with their beliefs and views. The community members will propose statements for the candidates to answer using a Lickert scale (agree/neutral/disagree). The candidates’ answers to the statements will be loaded into the Election Compass tool. Voters will use the tool by entering in their answer to the statements (agree/neutral/disagree). The results will show the candidates that best align with the voter’s beliefs and views. Here is the timeline for the Election Compass: *<s>July 8 - 20: Volunteers propose statements for the Election Compass</s> *<s>July 21 - 22: Elections Committee reviews statements for clarity and removes off-topic statements</s> *July 23 - August 1: Volunteers vote on the statements *August 2 - 4: Elections Committee selects the top 15 statements *August 5 - 12: candidates align themselves with the statements *August 15: The Election Compass opens for voters to use to help guide their voting decision The Elections Committee will select the top 15 statements at the beginning of August Regards, Movement Strategy and Governance ''This message was sent on behalf of the Board Selection Task Force and the Elections Committee'' [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:CSinha (WMF)|CSinha (WMF)]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:CSinha (WMF)|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱐᱗:᱐᱔, ᱒᱖ ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ ᱒᱐᱒᱒ (UTC) == Delay of Board of Trustees Election == Dear community members, I am reaching out to you today with an update about the timing of the voting for the Board of Trustees election. As many of you are already aware, this year we are offering an [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Community_Voting/Election_Compass|Election Compass]] to help voters identify the alignment of candidates on some key topics. Several candidates requested an extension of the character limitation on their responses expanding on their positions, and the Elections Committee felt their reasoning was consistent with the goals of a fair and equitable election process. To ensure that the longer statements can be translated in time for the election, the Elections Committee and Board Selection Task Force decided to delay the opening of the Board of Trustees election by one week - a time proposed as ideal by staff working to support the election. Although it is not expected that everyone will want to use the Election Compass to inform their voting decision, the Elections Committee felt it was more appropriate to open the voting period with essential translations for community members across languages to use if they wish to make this important decision. '''The voting will open on August 23 at 00:00 UTC and close on September 6 at 23:59 UTC.''' Best regards, Matanya, on behalf of the Elections Committee [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:CSinha (WMF)|CSinha (WMF)]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:CSinha (WMF)|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱐᱗:᱔᱓, ᱑᱕ ᱚᱜᱚᱥᱴ ᱒᱐᱒᱒ (UTC) == WikiConference India 2023: Initial conversations == Dear Wikimedians, Hope all of you are doing well. We are glad to inform you to restart the conversation to host the next WikiConference India 2023 after WCI 2020 which was not conducted due to the unexpected COVID-19 pandemic, it couldn't take place. However, we are hoping to reinitiate this discussion and for that we need your involvement, suggestions and support to help organize a much needed conference in February-March of 2023. The proposed 2023 conference will bring our energies, ideas, learnings, and hopes together. This conference will provide a national-level platform for Indian Wikimedians to connect, re-connect, and establish their collaboration itself can be a very important purpose on its own- in the end it will empower us all to strategize, plan ahead and collaborate- as a movement. We hope we, the Indian Wikimedia Community members, come together in various capacities and make this a reality. We believe we will take learnings from earlier attempts, improve processes & use best practices in conducting this conference purposefully and fruitfully. Here is a survey [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfof80NVrf3b9x3AotDBkICe-RfL3O3EyTM_L5JaYM-0GkG1A/viewform form] to get your responses on the same notion. Unfortunately we are working with short timelines since the final date of proposal submission is 5 September. We request you please fill out the form by 28th August. After your responses, we can decide if we have the community need and support for the conference. You are also encouraged to add your support on [[:m:WikiConference_India_2023:_Initial_conversations|'''this page''']], if you support the idea. Regards, [[User:Nitesh Gill|Nitesh Gill]], [[User:Nivas10798|Nivas10798]], [[User:Neechalkaran|Neechalkaran]], ᱐᱖:᱓᱙, ᱒᱔ ᱚᱜᱚᱥᱴ ᱒᱐᱒᱒ (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:KCVelaga@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/South_Asia_Village_Pumps&oldid=23115331 --> == 2022 Board of Trustees Community Voting Period is now Open == <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/The 2022 Board of Trustees election Community Voting period is now open| You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]'' :''<div class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/The 2022 Board of Trustees election Community Voting period is now open|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/The 2022 Board of Trustees election Community Voting period is now open}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div>'' Dear community members, The Community Voting period for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022|2022 Board of Trustees election]] is now open. Here are some helpful links to get you the information you need to vote: * Try the [https://board-elections-compass-2022.toolforge.org/ Election Compass], showing how candidates stand on 15 different topics. * Read the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Candidates|candidate statements]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Affiliate_Organization_Participation/Candidate_Questions|answers to Affiliate questions]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Apply to be a Candidate|Learn more about the skills the Board seeks]] and how the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Candidates|Analysis Committee found candidates align with those skills]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Campaign_Videos|Watch the videos of the candidates answering questions proposed by the community]]. If you are ready to vote, you may go to [[Special:SecurePoll/vote/Wikimedia_Foundation_Board_Elections_2022|SecurePoll voting page]] to vote now. '''You may vote from August 23 at 00:00 UTC to September 6 at 23:59 UTC.''' To see about your voter eligibility, please visit the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Voter_eligibility_guidelines|voter eligibility page]]. Regards, Movement Strategy and Governance ''This message was sent on behalf of the Board Selection Task Force and the Elections Committee''<br /><section end="announcement-content" /> [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:CSinha (WMF)|CSinha (WMF)]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:CSinha (WMF)|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱑᱒:᱔᱐, ᱒᱖ ᱚᱜᱚᱥᱴ ᱒᱐᱒᱒ (UTC) == The 2022 Board of Trustees election Community Voting is about to close == :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/The 2022 Board of Trustees election Community Voting is about to Close| You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]'' :''<div class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/The 2022 Board of Trustees election Community Voting about to Close|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/The 2022 Board of Trustees election Community Voting is about to Close}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div>'' Hello, The Community Voting period of the 2022 Board of Trustees election started on August 23, 2022, and will close on September 6, 2022 23:59 UTC. There’s still a chance to participate in this election. If you did not vote, please visit the [[Special:SecurePoll/vote/Wikimedia_Foundation_Board_Elections_2022|SecurePoll voting page]] to vote now. To see about your voter eligibility, please visit the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Voter_eligibility_guidelines|voter eligibility page]]. If you need help in making your decision, here are some helpful links: * Try the [https://board-elections-compass-2022.toolforge.org/ Election Compass], showing how candidates stand on 15 different topics. * Read the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Candidates|candidate statements]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Affiliate_Organization_Participation/Candidate_Questions|answers to Affiliate questions]]. *[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Apply to be a Candidate|Learn more about the skills the Board seek]] and how the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Candidates|Analysis Committee found candidates align with those skills]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Campaign_Videos|Watch the videos of the candidates answering questions proposed by the community]]. Regards, Movement Strategy and Governance<section end="announcement-content" /> [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:CSinha (WMF)|CSinha (WMF)]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:CSinha (WMF)|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱑᱓:᱑᱕, ᱑ ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱒᱒ (UTC) == Revised Enforcement Draft Guidelines for the Universal Code of Conduct == <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Revised enforcement guidelines/Announcement|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]'' :''<div class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Revised enforcement guidelines/Announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Revised enforcement guidelines/Announcement}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div>'' Hello everyone, The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Drafting committee#Revisions Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines Revisions committee]] is requesting comments regarding the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Revised enforcement guidelines|'''Revised Enforcement Draft Guidelines for the Universal Code of Conduct (UCoC)''']]. This review period will be open from '''8 September 2022 until 8 October 2022.''' The Committee collaborated to revise these draft guidelines based on input gathered from the community discussion period from May through July, as well as the community vote that concluded in March 2022. The revisions are focused on the following four areas: # To identify the type, purpose, and applicability of the UCoC training; # To simplify the language for more accessible translation and comprehension by non-experts; # To explore the concept of affirmation, including its pros and cons; # To review the balancing of the privacy of the accuser and the accused The Committee requests comments and suggestions about these revisions by '''8 October 2022'''. From there, the Revisions Committee anticipates further revising the guidelines based on community input. '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Revised enforcement guidelines|Find the Revised Guidelines on Meta]], and a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Revised enforcement guidelines/Comparison|comparison page in some languages.''']] Everyone may share comments in a number of places. Facilitators welcome comments in any language on the Revisions Guideline Talk Page. Comments can also be shared on talk pages of translations, at local discussions, or during conversation hours. There are planned live discussions about the UCoC enforcement draft guidelines. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Revised enforcement guidelines/Conversation hours|'''Conversation hours''']] The facilitation team supporting this review period hopes to reach a large number of communities. If you do not see a conversation happening in your community, please organize a discussion. Facilitators can assist you in setting up the conversations. Discussions will be summarized and presented to the drafting committee every two weeks. The summaries will be published [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Drafting committee/Digests|here]].<section end="announcement-content" /> ''~ On behalf of the UCoC project team''. [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:CSinha (WMF)|CSinha (WMF)]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:CSinha (WMF)|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱑᱑:᱕᱐, ᱑᱓ ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱒᱒ (UTC) == WikiConference India 2023: Proposal to WMF == Hello everyone, We are happy to inform you that we have submitted the [[:m:Grants:Conference/WikiConference_India_2023|Conference & Event Grant proposal for WikiConference India 2023]] to the Wikimedia Foundation. We kindly request all the community members to go through the proposal -- including the community engagement survey report, program plan, venue and logistics, participation and scholarships, and the budget, and provide us with your suggestions/comments on the [[:m:Grants_talk:Conference/WikiConference_India_2023|talk page]]. You can endorse the proposal in the [[:m:Grants:Conference/WikiConference_India_2023#Endorsements|endorsements section]], please do add a rationale for supporting this project. According to the timeline of the Conference and Event Grants program, the community can review till 23 September 2022, post that we will start integrating all the received feedback to make modifications to the proposal. Depending on the response of community members, an IRC may be hosted next week, especially if there are any questions/concerns that need to be addressed. We reopened the survey form and if you are still interested in taking part in the survey and you have something in mind to share or want to become a part of the organizing team, please <span class="plainlinks">[https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfof80NVrf3b9x3AotDBkICe-RfL3O3EyTM_L5JaYM-0GkG1A/viewform fill out the form]</span> so we all can work together. Let us know if you have any questions. Regards, [[:m:User:Nitesh Gill|Nitesh Gill]], [[:m:User:Nivas10798|Nivas10798]], [[:m:User:Neechalkaran|Neechalkaran]], ᱐᱗:᱓᱖, ᱑᱙ ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱒᱒ (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:KCVelaga@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/South_Asia_Village_Pumps&oldid=23719531 --> == WikiConference India 2023: Proposal to WMF == Hello everyone, We are happy to inform you that we have submitted the [[:m:Grants:Conference/WikiConference_India_2023|Conference & Event Grant proposal for WikiConference India 2023]] to the Wikimedia Foundation. We kindly request all the community members to go through the proposal -- including the community engagement survey report, program plan, venue and logistics, participation and scholarships, and the budget, and provide us with your suggestions/comments on the [[:m:Grants_talk:Conference/WikiConference_India_2023|talk page]]. You can endorse the proposal in the [[:m:Grants:Conference/WikiConference_India_2023#Endorsements|endorsements section]], please do add a rationale for supporting this project. According to the timeline of the Conference and Event Grants program, the community can review till 23 September 2022, post that we will start integrating all the received feedback to make modifications to the proposal. Depending on the response of community members, an IRC may be hosted next week, especially if there are any questions/concerns that need to be addressed. We reopened the survey form and if you are still interested in taking part in the survey and you have something in mind to share or want to become a part of the organizing team, please <span class="plainlinks">[https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfof80NVrf3b9x3AotDBkICe-RfL3O3EyTM_L5JaYM-0GkG1A/viewform fill out the form]</span> so we all can work together. Let us know if you have any questions. Regards, [[:m:User:Nitesh Gill|Nitesh Gill]], [[:m:User:Nivas10798|Nivas10798]], [[:m:User:Neechalkaran|Neechalkaran]], ᱑᱐:᱐᱘, ᱑᱙ ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱒᱒ (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:KCVelaga@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/South_Asia_Village_Pumps&oldid=23719531 --> == Bot policy == Hello. To facilitate [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Stewards|steward]] granting of bot access, I suggest implementing the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Bot policy|standard bot policy]] on this wiki. In particular, this policy allows stewards to automatically flag known interlanguage linking bots (if this page says that is acceptable) or bots that fix double redirects. The policy also enables [[m:Bot policy#Global_bots|global bots]] on this wiki (if this page says that is acceptable), which are trusted bots that will be given bot access on every wiki that allows global bots. This policy makes bot access requesting much easier for local users, operators, and stewards. To implement it we only need to create a redirect to this page from [[Project:Bot policy]], and add a line at the top noting that it is used here. If you use or prefer to use a dedicated project page for handling bot flag requests, that is also acceptable. Please read [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Bot policy|the text at Meta-Wiki]] before commenting. If you object, please say so; I hope to implement in two weeks if there is no objection, since it is particularly written to streamline bot requests on wikis with little or no community interested in bot access requests. Thank you for your consideration. --'''[[User:Rschen7754|Rs]][[User talk:Rschen7754|chen]][[Special:Contributions/Rschen7754|7754]]''' ᱐᱒:᱒᱕, ᱗ ᱚᱠᱴᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱒᱒ (UTC) == Request for page protection == Apologies for writing in English. I would like to request protection for [[ᱟᱥᱦᱨᱟᱯ_ᱢᱟᱞᱤᱠ]] until the deletion proposal can be evaluated, as it is continually being removed by the page author and various IPs. This is related to [[:d:Q114613361]], which has already been deleted five times, but is being held by this article. Thanks, [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:Bovlb|Bovlb]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:Bovlb|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱒᱑:᱒᱙, ᱑᱓ ᱚᱠᱴᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱒᱒ (UTC) == Movement Charter: South Asia Regional Consultation == Dear community members, As many of you are aware, the Movement Charter regional consultations have begun. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee|MCDC]] seeks community feedback about three sections of the Movement Charter: # [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Content/Preamble|Preamble]] # [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Content/Values & Principles|Values & Principles]] # [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Content/Roles & Responsibilities|Roles & Responsibilities]] (''intentions statement'') '''How can you participate?''' You can participate by joining the regional consultation for South Asia on '''2 December 2022''' (Friday) from '''14:00 to 15:30 UTC''' (7:30 PM to 9:00 PM IST) on '''Google Meet'''. Kindly [https://calendar.google.com/calendar/event?action=TEMPLATE&tmeid=NDMzczA0bWdwY2lpN3I2Mm5tYXA3b29hYXAgY19vbWxxdXBsMTRqbnNhaHQ2N2Y5M2RoNDJnMEBn&tmsrc=c_omlqupl14jnsaht67f93dh42g0%40group.calendar.google.com '''add the event to your calendar''']. Other ways to share feedback are: # Fill the [https://wikimediafoundation.limesurvey.net/743832 survey]. # Write on the Meta Talk pages: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Content/Preamble|Preamble]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Content/Values & Principles|Values & Principles]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Content/Roles & Responsibilities|Roles & Responsibilities]] (''intentions statement'') # Write on the Movement Strategy Forum: [https://forum.movement-strategy.org/t/movement-charter-preamble/2284 Preamble], [https://forum.movement-strategy.org/t/movement-charter-values-principles/2285 Values & Principles], [https://forum.movement-strategy.org/t/movement-charter-roles-responsibilities-statement-of-intent/2286 Roles & Responsibilities] (''intentions statement'') # Email MCDC at [mailto:movementcharter@wikimedia.org movementcharter@wikimedia.org] If you want to learn more about the Movement Charter, its goals, why it matters, and how it impacts your community, a 12-minute recording of one of the “Ask Me Anything about Movement Charter” sessions is available [[c:File:Ask_Me_Anything_on_Movement_Charter,_Introduction_by_Érica_Azzellini,_English,_Nov_12,_2022.webm|here]]. Thanks for your time and interest. [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:CSinha (WMF)|CSinha (WMF)]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:CSinha (WMF)|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱑᱔:᱑᱙, ᱒᱘ ᱱᱚᱵᱷᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱒᱒ (UTC) == Community Wishlist Survey 2023 opens in January! == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> ''{{int:Please-translate}}'' {{int:Hello}} The [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2023|'''Community Wishlist Survey (CWS) 2023''']], which lets contributors propose and vote for tools and improvements, starts next month on Monday, [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1674496831 23 January 2023, at 18:00 UTC] and will continue annually. We are inviting you to share your ideas for technical improvements to our tools and platforms. Long experience in editing or technical skills is not required. If you have ever used our software and thought of an idea to improve it, this is the place to come share those ideas! The dates for the phases of the Survey will be as follows: * Phase 1: Submit, discuss, and revise proposals – Monday, Jan 23, 2023 to Sunday, Feb 6, 2023 * Phase 2: WMF/Community Tech reviews and organizes proposals – Monday, Jan 30, 2023 to Friday, Feb 10, 2023 * Phase 3: Vote on proposals – Friday, Feb 10, 2023 to Friday, Feb 24, 2023 * Phase 4: Results posted – Tuesday, Feb 28, 2023 If you want to start writing out your ideas ahead of the Survey, you can start thinking about your proposals and draft them in [[m:Community Wishlist Survey/Sandbox|the CWS sandbox]]. We are grateful to all who participated last year. See you in January 2023! </div> {{int:Feedback-thanks-title}} <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">Community Tech, [[m:User:STei (WMF)|STei (WMF)]]</bdi> ᱑᱒:᱕᱙, ᱑᱓ ᱰᱤᱥᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱒᱒ (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:STei_(WMF)/CWS_2023_List&oldid=24226232 --> == Feminism and Folklore 2023 == <div style="border:8px maroon ridge;padding:6px;> [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2023 logo.svg|centre|550px|frameless]] ::<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <center>''{{int:please-translate}}''</center> Dear Wiki Community, Christmas Greetings and a Happy New Year 2023, You are humbly invited to organize the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2023|Feminism and Folklore 2023]]''' writing competition from February 1, 2023, to March 31, 2023 on your local Wikipedia. This year, Feminism and Folklore will focus on feminism, women's issues, and gender-focused topics for the project, with a [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2023|Wiki Loves Folklore]] gender gap focus and a folk culture theme on Wikipedia. You can help Wikipedia's coverage of folklore from your area by writing or improving articles about things like folk festivals, folk dances, folk music, women and queer folklore figures, folk game athletes, women in mythology, women warriors in folklore, witches and witch hunting, fairy tales, and more. Users can help create new articles, expand or translate from a [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2023/List of Articles|list]] of suggested articles. Organisers are requested to work on the following action items to sign up their communities for the project: # Create a page for the contest on the local wiki. # Set up a fountain tool or dashboard. # Create the local list and mention the timeline and local and international prizes. # Request local admins for site notice. # Link the local page and the fountain/dashboard link on the [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2023/Project Page|meta project page]]. This year we would be supporting the community's financial aid for Internet and childcare support. This would be provided for the local team including their jury and coordinator team. This support is opt-in and non mandatory. Kindly fill in [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSea81OO0lVgUBd551iIiENXht7BRCISYZlKyBQlemZu_j2OHQ/viewform this Google form] and mark a mail to [mailto:support@wikilovesfolklore.org support@wikilovesfolklore.org] with the subject line starting as [Stipend] Name or Username/Language. The last date to sign up for internet and childcare aid from our team is 20th of January 2023, We encourage the language coordinators to sign up their community on this link by the 25th of January 2023. Learn more about the contest and prizes on our [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2023|project page]]. Feel free to contact us on our [[:m:Talk:Feminism and Folklore 2023/Project Page|meta talk page]] or by email us if you need any assistance. We look forward to your immense coordination. Thank you and Best wishes, [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2023|Feminism and Folklore 2023 International Team]] ::::Stay connected [[File:B&W Facebook icon.png|link=https://www.facebook.com/feminismandfolklore/|30x30px]]&nbsp; [[File:B&W Twitter icon.png|link=https://twitter.com/wikifolklore|30x30px]] </div></div> --[[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:MediaWiki message delivery|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱑᱐:᱒᱔, ᱒᱔ ᱰᱤᱥᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱒᱒ (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery/Wikipedia&oldid=23942484 --> == Upcoming vote on the revised Enforcement Guidelines for the Universal Code of Conduct == <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Revised enforcement guidelines/Announcement/Voting 1|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]'' :''<div class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Revised enforcement guidelines/Announcement/Voting 1|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Revised enforcement guidelines/Announcement/Voting 1}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div>'' Hello all, In mid-January 2023, the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Revised enforcement guidelines|Enforcement Guidelines]] for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] will undergo a second community-wide ratification vote. This follows [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting/Results|the March 2022 vote]], which resulted in a majority of voters supporting the Enforcement Guidelines. During the vote, participants helped highlight important community concerns. The Board’s [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee|Community Affairs Committee]] requested that these areas of concern be reviewed. The volunteer-led [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Drafting_committee#Revisions_Committee_members|Revisions Committee]] worked hard reviewing community input and making changes. They updated areas of concern, such as training and affirmation requirements, privacy and transparency in the process, and readability and translatability of the document itself. The revised Enforcement Guidelines can be viewed '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Revised enforcement guidelines|here]]''', and a comparison of changes can be found '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Revised enforcement guidelines/Comparison|here]]'''. '''How to vote?''' Beginning '''January 17, 2023''', voting will be open. '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Revised enforcement guidelines/Voter information|This page on Meta-wiki]]''' outlines information on how to vote using SecurePoll. '''Who can vote?''' The '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Revised enforcement_guidelines/Voter_information#Voting_eligibility|eligibility requirements]]''' for this vote are the same as for the Wikimedia Board of Trustees elections. See the voter information page for more details about voter eligibility. If you are an eligible voter, you can use your Wikimedia account to access the voting server. '''What happens after the vote?''' Votes will be scrutinized by an independent group of volunteers, and the results will be published on Wikimedia-l, the Movement Strategy Forum, Diff and on Meta-wiki. Voters will again be able to vote and share concerns they have about the guidelines. The Board of Trustees will look at the levels of support and concerns raised as they look at how the Enforcement Guidelines should be ratified or developed further. On behalf of the UCoC Project Team,<section end="announcement-content" /> [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:CSinha (WMF)|CSinha (WMF)]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:CSinha (WMF)|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱑᱐:᱓᱔, ᱘ ᱡᱟᱱᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱒᱐᱒᱓ (UTC) == Voting Opens on the Revised Universal Code of Conduct (UCoC) Enforcement Guidelines == <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Revised enforcement guidelines/Announcement/Voting 2|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]'' :''{{subst:more languages}}'' Hello all, The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Revised_enforcement_guidelines/Voting|voting period]] for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Revised_enforcement_guidelines|revised Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines]] is now open! Voting will remain open for two weeks and will close at '''23:59 UTC''' on '''January 31, 2023'''. Please visit the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Revised_enforcement_guidelines/Voter_information|'''voter information page''']] for voter eligibility information and details on how to vote. For more details on the Enforcement Guidelines and the voting process, see our [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Revised_enforcement_guidelines/Announcement/Voting_1|previous message]]. On behalf of the UCoC Project Team, <section end="announcement-content" /> [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:CSinha (WMF)|CSinha (WMF)]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:CSinha (WMF)|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱑᱒:᱓᱕, ᱑᱗ ᱡᱟᱱᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱒᱐᱒᱓ (UTC) == errors detected by the Check Wiki project == errors detected by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Check_Wikipedia Check Wiki project] can be fixed using [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WPCleaner WPCleaner]. i assume it requies admin to enable and configure. i request to enable on our wiki. thank you. [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:Gunyam|Gunyam]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:Gunyam|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱐᱕:᱔᱓, ᱑᱓ ᱯᱷᱮᱵᱽᱨᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱒᱐᱒᱓ (UTC) == Community feedback-cycle about updating the Wikimedia Terms of Use starts == <section begin="announcement-content" /> : ''[[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Legal department/2023 ToU updates/Office hours/Announcement|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]'' : ''<div class="plainlinks">[[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Legal department/2023 ToU updates/Office hours/Announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation Legal department/2023 ToU updates/Office hours/Announcement|}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div>'' Hello community members, [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Legal_department|Wikimedia Foundation Legal Department]] is organizing a feedback-cycle with community members to discuss updating the Wikimedia Terms of Use. [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Terms of Use|The Terms of Use (ToU)]] are the legal terms that govern the use of websites hosted by the Wikimedia Foundation. We will be gathering your feedback on a draft proposal from February through April. The draft will be translated into several languages, with written feedback accepted in any language. This update comes in response to several things: * Implementing the Universal Code of Conduct. * Updating project text to the Creative Commons BY-SA 4.0 license. * Proposal for better addressing undisclosed paid editing. * Bringing the Terms of Use in line with current and recently passed laws affecting the Wikimedia Foundation, including the European Digital Services Act As part of the feedback cycle two office hours will be held: the first on 2 March and the second on 4 April. For further information, please consult: * The [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Legal department/2023 ToU updates/Proposed update|proposed update of the ToU by comparison]] * The page for your [[metawiki:Talk:Terms of use|feedback]] * Information about [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Legal department/2023 ToU updates/Office hours|the office hours]] On behalf of the Wikimedia Foundation Legal Team,<section end="announcement-content" /> [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:CSinha (WMF)|CSinha (WMF)]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:CSinha (WMF)|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱐᱘:᱒᱐, ᱒᱒ ᱯᱷᱮᱵᱽᱨᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱒᱐᱒᱓ (UTC) == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Your wiki will be in read only soon</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="server-switch"/><div class="plainlinks"> [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|Read this message in another language]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Tech%2FServer+switch&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}] The [[foundation:|Wikimedia Foundation]] tests the switch between its first and secondary data centers. This will make sure that Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia wikis can stay online even after a disaster. To make sure everything is working, the Wikimedia Technology department needs to do a planned test. This test will show if they can reliably switch from one data centre to the other. It requires many teams to prepare for the test and to be available to fix any unexpected problems. All traffic will switch on '''{{#time:j xg|2023-03-01|en}}'''. The test will start at '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/{{#time:U|2023-03-01T14:00|en}} {{#time:H:i e|2023-03-01T14:00}}]'''. Unfortunately, because of some limitations in [[mw:Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], all editing must stop while the switch is made. We apologize for this disruption, and we are working to minimize it in the future. '''You will be able to read, but not edit, all wikis for a short period of time.''' *You will not be able to edit for up to an hour on {{#time:l j xg Y|2023-03-01|en}}. *If you try to edit or save during these times, you will see an error message. We hope that no edits will be lost during these minutes, but we can't guarantee it. If you see the error message, then please wait until everything is back to normal. Then you should be able to save your edit. But, we recommend that you make a copy of your changes first, just in case. ''Other effects'': *Background jobs will be slower and some may be dropped. Red links might not be updated as quickly as normal. If you create an article that is already linked somewhere else, the link will stay red longer than usual. Some long-running scripts will have to be stopped. * We expect the code deployments to happen as any other week. However, some case-by-case code freezes could punctually happen if the operation require them afterwards. * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/GitLab|GitLab]] will be unavailable for about 90 minutes. This project may be postponed if necessary. You can [[wikitech:Switch_Datacenter|read the schedule at wikitech.wikimedia.org]]. Any changes will be announced in the schedule. There will be more notifications about this. A banner will be displayed on all wikis 30 minutes before this operation happens. '''Please share this information with your community.'''</div><section end="server-switch"/> </div> <span dir=ltr>[[m:User:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Trizek (WMF)|{{int:talk}}]])</span> ᱒᱑:᱒᱑, ᱒᱗ ᱯᱷᱮᱵᱽᱨᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱒᱐᱒᱓ (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=24390465 --> == Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2023: We are back! == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> [[File:UCDM 2023 promo.png|180px|right]] {{int:please-translate}} Hello, dear Wikipedians!<br/> [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Ukraine|Wikimedia Ukraine]], in cooperation with the [[:en:Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine|Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine]] and [[:en:Ukrainian Institute|Ukrainian Institute]], has launched the third edition of writing challenge "'''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2023|Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month]]'''", which lasts from 1st until 31st March 2023. The campaign is dedicated to famous Ukrainian artists of cinema, music, literature, architecture, design and cultural phenomena of Ukraine that are now part of world heritage. We accept contribution in every language! The most active contesters will receive [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2023/Prizes|prizes]].<br/> We invite you to take part and help us improve the coverage of Ukrainian culture on Wikipedia in your language! Also, we plan to set up a [[m:CentralNotice/Request/UCDM 2023|banner]] to notify users of the possibility to participate in such a challenge! </div> [[m:User:ValentynNefedov (WMUA)|ValentynNefedov (WMUA)]] ([[m:User talk:ValentynNefedov (WMUA)|talk]]) 07:58, 1 March 2023 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:ValentynNefedov (WMUA)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery/Wikipedia&oldid=23942484 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Wikimania 2023 Welcoming Program Submissions</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="wikimania-program-submissions"/>[[File:Wikimania Singapore Logo.svg|right|frameless]]Do you want to host an in-person or virtual session at Wikimania 2023? Maybe a hands-on workshop, a lively discussion, a fun performance, a catchy poster, or a memorable lightning talk? [[wmania:Special:MyLanguage/2023:Program/Submissions|'''Submissions are open until March 28''']]. The event will have dedicated hybrid blocks, so virtual submissions and pre-recorded content are also welcome. If you have any questions, please join us at an upcoming conversation on March 12 or 19, or reach out by email at wikimania@wikimedia.org or on Telegram. More information on-wiki.<section end="wikimania-program-submissions"/> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:CKoerner (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=24390465 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Seeking volunteers for the next step in the Universal Code of Conduct process</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''<div class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/U4C Building Committee/Nominations/Announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/U4C Building Committee/Nominations/Announcement}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div>'' Hello, As follow-up to [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikimedia-l@lists.wikimedia.org/message/IOMVS7W75ZYMABQGOQ2QH2JAURC3CHGH/ the message about the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines] by Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees Vice Chair, Shani Evenstein Sigalov, I am reaching out about the next steps. I want to bring your attention to the next stage of the Universal Code of Conduct process, which is forming a building committee for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C). I invite community members with experience and deep interest in community health and governance to nominate themselves to be part of the U4C building committee, which needs people who are: * Community members in good standing * Knowledgeable about movement community processes, such as, but not limited to, policy drafting, participatory decision making, and application of existing rules and policies on Wikimedia projects * Aware and appreciative of the diversity of the movement, such as, but not limited to, languages spoken, identity, geography, and project type * Committed to participate for the entire U4C Building Committee period from mid-May - December 2023 * Comfortable with engaging in difficult, but productive conversations * Confidently able to communicate in English The Building Committee shall consist of volunteer community members, affiliate board or staff, and Wikimedia Foundation staff. The Universal Code of Conduct has been a process strengthened by the skills and knowledge of the community and I look forward to what the U4C Building Committee creates. If you are interested in joining the Building Committee, please either [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/U4C_Building_Committee/Nominations|sign up on the Meta-Wiki page]], or contact ucocproject[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org by May 12, 2023. '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/U4C_Building_Committee|Read more on Meta-Wiki]]'''. Best regards,<br /><section end="announcement-content" /> </div> [[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] ᱑᱙:᱐᱐, ᱒᱖ ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱞ ᱒᱐᱒᱓ (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Xeno (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=24941045 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Automatic citations based on ISBN are broken</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="message" /> Apologies if this message does not reach you in your favorite language. [[:m:User:Elitre (WMF)/ISBN|You can help translate it centrally at Meta]]. Thanks for your help. We have recently become unable to access the WorldCat API which provided the ability to generate citations using ISBN numbers. The Wikimedia Foundation's [[mw:Editing_team|Editing team]] is investigating several options to restore the functionality, but will need to disable ISBN citation generation for now. This affects citations made with the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User_guide/Citations-Full#Automatic|VisualEditor Automatic tab]], and the use of the citoid API in gadgets and user scripts, such as the autofill button on [[:en:Wikipedia:RefToolbar|refToolbar]]. Please note that all the other automatic ways of generating citations, including via URL or DOI, are still available. You can keep updated on the situation [[phab:T336298|via Phabricator]], or by reading the next issues of [[m:Tech News]]. If you know of any users or groups who rely heavily on this feature (for instance, someone who has an upcoming editathon), I'd appreciate it if you shared this update with them. [[User:Elitre (WMF)|Elitre (WMF)]], on behalf of the Editing team.<section end="message" /> </div> [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:MediaWiki message delivery|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱑᱙:᱔᱕, ᱑᱑ ᱢᱮ ᱒᱐᱒᱓ (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Elitre (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Quiddity_(WMF)/sandbox3&oldid=25009633 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Selection of the U4C Building Committee</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> The next stage in the Universal Code of Conduct process is establishing a Building Committee to create the charter for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C). The Building Committee has been selected. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/U4C_Building_Committee|Read about the members and the work ahead on Meta-wiki]].<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> -- [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Project|UCoC Project Team]], ᱐᱔:᱒᱐, ᱒᱗ ᱢᱮ ᱒᱐᱒᱓ (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=25018085 --> == MinT Machine Translation enabled and plans to deploy Content and Section Translation in Santali Wikipedia == <nowiki>{{int:Hello}}</nowiki> Santali Wikipedians! Apologies as this message is not in your language, <nowiki>{{int:Please help translate}}</nowiki> to your language. The WMF Language team has added a machine translation (MT) system supporting [<nowiki/>[[:ks:Special:ContentTranslation|https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:ContentTranslation]] Content Translation] for the first time in your Wikipedia called MinT; you can use [[mw:Content_translation/Machine_Translation/MinT|MinT machine translation]] when translating Wikipedia articles using the Content Translation tool. The WMF Language team provides the MinT service. It is hosted in the Wikimedia Foundation Infrastructure with [[:en:Neural_machine_translation|neural machine translation]] models that other organizations have released with an open-source license. MinT integrates translation based on [https://ai.facebook.com/research/no-language-left-behind/ NLLB-200] and [https://opus.nlpl.eu/ OpusMT] and will replace those as separate options. This MT will be set as default in your Wikipedia. Still, you can choose not to use it by selecting "Start with empty paragraph" from the "Initial Translation" dropdown menu. Since MinT is hosted in the WMF Infrastructure and the models are open source, it adheres to Wikipedia's policies about attribution of rights, your privacy as a user and brand representation. You can find more information about the MinT Machine translation and the models on [[mw:Content_translation/Machine_Translation/MinT|this page]]. Please note that the use of the MinT MT is not compulsory. However, we would want your community to: * use it to improve the quality of the Machine Translation service * [[mw:Talk:Content_translation|please provide feedback]] about the service and its quality, and the service you prefer as default for your Wikipedia. '''Plans to deploy the Content and Section translation tool''' Now that you have Machine Translation support in your Wikipedia, We will enable the Content and Section translation by default to your Wikipedia if there are no objections from your community. The [[mw:Content_translation/Section_translation|Section Translation]] extends the capabilities of [[mw:Content_translation|Content Translation]] to support mobile devices. On mobile, the tool will: * Guide you to translate one section at a time in order to expand existing articles or create new ones * Make it easy to transfer knowledge across languages anytime from your mobile device After enabling it, we’ll monitor the content created with the tools and process all the feedback. In any case, feel free to try the current implementation of the Section Translation tool in [https://test.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:ContentTranslation&from=en&to=no&sx=true#/ our testing instance] and raise any concerns or questions you may already have as a reply to this message or on [[mw:Talk:Content_translation/Section_translation|the project talk page]] We trust that introducing this MT is a good support to the Content and Section Translation tool once it is enabled. Thank you! [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:UOzurumba (WMF)|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱑᱔:᱓᱔, ᱓᱑ ᱢᱮ ᱒᱐᱒᱓ (UTC) On behalf of the WMF Language team. :ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱥᱟᱨᱦᱟᱣ, ᱤᱧ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱥᱟᱛᱟᱢ ᱛᱚᱨᱡᱚᱢᱟ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱧ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱞᱮᱜᱟ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ, ᱢᱚᱡ ᱜᱮ ᱛᱚᱨᱡᱚᱢᱟ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱩᱫᱷᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱷᱟᱜᱮ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱸᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱮᱭᱟ᱾ ᱡᱚᱦᱟᱨ🙏 :[[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱗|ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱗]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱗|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱐᱖:᱑᱕, ᱓ ᱡᱩᱱ ᱒᱐᱒᱓ (UTC) :It's cool. We had been waiting for this feature since long. Thanks to the WMF Language team.-- [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:Ramjit Tudu|ℝ𝕒𝕞𝕛𝕚𝕥 𝕋𝕦𝕕𝕦]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:Ramjit Tudu|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱑᱕:᱔᱘, ᱓ ᱡᱩᱱ ᱒᱐᱒᱓ (UTC) :Wao,this is a great news for us, I tried and its is working good, except few exceptions which are manageable we believe they will be improved over the time. Thanks [[user:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] for intimating us. We were eagerly waiting this features in our wiki since beginning of our project. [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:R Ashwani Banjan Murmu|R Ashwani Banjan Murmu]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:R Ashwani Banjan Murmu|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱐᱒:᱓᱘, ᱔ ᱡᱩᱱ ᱒᱐᱒᱓ (UTC) :'''This is what we have been waiting for years for:''' :""" :The Section Translation extends the capabilities of Content Translation to support mobile devices. On mobile, the tool will: :Guide you to translate one section at a time in order to expand existing articles or create new ones :Make it easy to transfer knowledge across languages anytime from your mobile device :""" :I have tried the current implementation of the Section Translation tool in the Test Wikipedia. The tool was easy to use, and I have not experienced any lag so far, MinT translation was giving 70-80 % accurate translation which is totally ok as we also have to make manual suggestion. :Our wiki will soon turn 5 years old, and this will be a wonderful gift. We are also planning to organize an editathon by next week. I am really excited to use this tool in the upcoming editathon.!! :I am very thankful to the WMF Language team for their wonderful support and hard work in developing accessibility tools that make it easier for contributors to contribute to Wikipedia. I am also grateful to my active Santali Wikipedians for keeping this Wikipedia alive. [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:Rocky 734|Rocky 734]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:Rocky 734|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱐᱒:᱓᱔, ᱕ ᱡᱩᱱ ᱒᱐᱒᱓ (UTC) == Wikidata Training Sessions for Santali Community == Greetings! As you are already aware after getting survey responses from the community and a long discussion, A2K has planned the Wikidata training sessions for the Santali Community. The training sessions will be happened in series every Sunday according to the modules which are divided into 5 training sessions. The first session will be conducted on 18 June 2023 (as per the community's availability and agreement) at 11:00 am. If you have not sign-in for the training session please add your name [[:m:CIS-A2K/Events/Indian Community Capacity Development/Wikidata Training Sessions for Santali Community|here]]. The session details are below: * '''Santali Community Wikidata Training Sessions''' * Sunday, June 18 · 11:00am – 12:30pm * Time zone: Asia/Kolkata * '''Google Meet Video call link''': https://meet.google.com/tkj-vyst-frg Regards [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:Nitesh (CIS-A2K)|Nitesh (CIS-A2K)]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:Nitesh (CIS-A2K)|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱑᱔:᱒᱔, ᱑᱗ ᱡᱩᱱ ᱒᱐᱒᱓ (UTC) == Wikidata Training Sessions for Santali Community: 2nd Session == Hello everyone, our first session went successfully last Sunday. This is the second session in our ongoing series of sessions. If anyone from the community is still interested, please sign up [[:m:CIS-A2K/Events/Indian Community Capacity Development/Wikidata Training Sessions for Santali Community#Participants|here]]. The session will be held on Sunday at 11:00 am. You can find more information [[:m:CIS-A2K/Events/Indian Community Capacity Development/Wikidata Training Sessions for Santali Community|here]]. Regards [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:Nitesh (CIS-A2K)|Nitesh (CIS-A2K)]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:Nitesh (CIS-A2K)|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱐᱔:᱓᱘, ᱒᱓ ᱡᱩᱱ ᱒᱐᱒᱓ (UTC) == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Announcing the new Elections Committee members</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections committee/Nominatons/2023/Announcement - new members|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]'' :''<div class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections committee/Nominatons/2023/Announcement - new members|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections committee/Nominatons/2023/Announcement - new members}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div>'' Hello there, We are glad to announce [[listarchive:list/wikimedia-l@lists.wikimedia.org/message/4TALOUFPAP2VDBR27GKRVOP7IGQYU3DB/|the new members and advisors of the Elections Committee]]. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections_committee|Elections Committee]] assists with the design and implementation of the process to select Community- and Affiliate-Selected trustees for the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees. After an open nomination process, the strongest candidates spoke with the Board and four candidates were asked to join the Elections Committee. Four other candidates were asked to participate as advisors. Thank you to all the community members who submitted their names for consideration. We look forward to working with the Elections Committee in the near future. On behalf of the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees,<br /><section end="announcement-content" /> </div> [[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] ᱑᱘:᱐᱐, ᱒᱘ ᱡᱩᱱ ᱒᱐᱒᱓ (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=25018085 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Review the Charter for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''<div class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/U4C Building Committee/Announcement - Review|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/U4C Building Committee/Announcement - Review}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div>'' Hello all, I am pleased to share the next step in the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] work. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) draft charter]] is now ready for your review. The [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines|Enforcement Guidelines]] require a [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines#4.5_U4C_Building_Committee|Building Committee]] form to draft a charter that outlines procedures and details for a global committee to be called the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines#4._UCoC_Coordinating_Committee_(U4C)|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]]. Over the past few months, the U4C Building Committee worked together as a group to discuss and draft the U4C charter. The U4C Building Committee welcomes feedback about the draft charter now through 22 September 2023. After that date, the U4C Building Committee will revise the charter as needed and a community vote will open shortly afterward. Join the conversation during the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/U4C Building Committee#Conversation hours|conversation hours]] or on [[m:Talk:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|Meta-wiki]]. Best,<br /><section end="announcement-content" /> </div> [[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]], on behalf of the U4C Building Committee, ᱑᱕:᱓᱕, ᱒᱘ ᱚᱜᱚᱥᱴ ᱒᱐᱒᱓ (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=25392152 --> == Invitation to join the Param Vir Chakra Edit-a-thon == <div style="background-color:#5e394a; color:#FFFFFF; padding:10px"> <span style="font-size:200%;">'''Param Vir Chakra Edit-a-thon'''</span> '''15 September - 20 September 2023'''<span style="font-size:120%; float:right;">[[metawiki:Param Vir Chakra Edit-a-thon|<span style="font-size:10px;color:white">''Read more!''</span>]]</span> </div><div style="background-color:#f2ebee; padding:10px; font-size:1.1em;">[[ᱨᱮᱫ:PVC_Medal_A.png|right|frameless|185x185px]]The Odia Wikimedians user Group is organizing an online [[metawiki:Param_Vir_Chakra_Edit-a-thon|edit-a-thon]] on different language Wikipedia to create or improve the articles about the recipients of Param Vir Chakra, the highest military decoration of India, awarded for displaying distinguished acts of valor during wartime. This is an invitation to participate this edit-a-thon. If you are interested, add your community name [[metawiki:Param Vir Chakra Edit-a-thon/Communities|here]]. <small>''Regards,''</small> <small>[[metawiki:User:Ssgapu22|Sangram Keshari Senapati]]</small> <small>Organizer from [[metawiki:Odia_Wikimedians_User_Group|Odia Wikimedians User Group]]</small> </div>[[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:Ssgapu22|Ssgapu22]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:Ssgapu22|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱑᱐:᱑᱖, ᱙ ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱒᱓ (UTC) == Announcing Indic Wikimedia Hackathon 2023 and Invitation to Participate == Dear Wikimedians, The [[:m:Indic_MediaWiki_Developers_User_Group|Indic MediaWiki Developers User Group]] is happy to announce '''Indic Wikimedia Hackathon 2023 on 16-17 December 2023 in Pondicherry, India'''. The event is for everyone who contributes to Wikimedia’s technical spaces code developers, maintainers, translators, designers, technical writers and other related technical aspects. Along with that, contributors who don't necessarily contribute to technical spaces but have good understanding of issues on wikis and can work with developers in addressing them can join too. You can come with a project in mind, join an existing project, or create something new with others. The goal of this event is to bring together technical contributors from India to resolve pending technical issues, bugs, brainstorm on tooling ideas, and foster connections between contributors. We have scholarships to support participation of contributors residing in India. The '''scholarship form can be filled at https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSd_Qqctj7I87QfYt5imc6iPcGPWuPfncCOyAd_OMbGiqxzxhQ/viewform?usp=sf_link and will close at 23:59 hrs on 15 October 2023 (Sunday) [IST].''' Please reach out to contact{{@}}indicmediawikidev.org if you have any questions or need support. Best, Indic MediaWiki Developers UG, ᱐᱔:᱔᱐, ᱔ ᱚᱠᱴᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱒᱓ (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:KCVelaga@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/South_Asia_Village_Pumps&oldid=25696853 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">== Opportunities open for the Affiliations Committee, Ombuds commission, and the Case Review Committee ==</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> <div style="margin:.2em 0 .5em;margin-{{#switch:{{PAGELANGUAGE}}|ar|arc|ary|arz|azb|bcc|bgn|ckb|bqi|dv|fa|fa-af|glk|ha-arab|he|kk-arab|kk-cn|ks|ku-arab|ms-arab|mzn|pnb|prd|ps|sd|ug|ur|ydd|yi=right|left}}:3ex;"> [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Legal department/Committee appointments/Announcement/Short|''You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.'']] ''<span class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Legal department/Committee appointments/Announcement/Short|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation Legal department/Committee appointments/Announcement/Short}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</span>''</div> Hi everyone! The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee|Affiliations Committee]] (AffCom), [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ombuds_commission|Ombuds commission]] (OC), and the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Trust_and_Safety/Case_Review_Committee|Case Review Committee]] (CRC) are looking for new members. These volunteer groups provide important structural and oversight support for the community and movement. People are encouraged to nominate themselves or encourage others they feel would contribute to these groups to apply. There is more information about the roles of the groups, the skills needed, and the opportunity to apply on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Legal department/Committee appointments|'''Meta-wiki page''']]. On behalf of the Committee Support team,<br /><section end="announcement-content" /> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> ~ [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) ᱑᱖:᱔᱑, ᱙ ᱚᱠᱴᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱒᱓ (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=25570445 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Review and comment on the 2024 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees selection rules package</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/wiki/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024/Announcement/Rules package review - short| You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]'' :''<div class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/wiki/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024/Announcement/Rules package review - short|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:wiki/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024/Announcement/Rules package review - short}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div>'' Dear all, Please review and comment on the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees selection rules package from now until 29 October 2023. The selection rules package was based on older versions by the Elections Committee and will be used in the 2024 Board of Trustees selection. Providing your comments now will help them provide a smoother, better Board selection process. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024|More on the Meta-wiki page]]. Best, Katie Chan <br> Chair of the Elections Committee<br /><section end="announcement-content" /> </div> ᱐᱑:᱑᱓, ᱑᱗ ᱚᱠᱴᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱒᱓ (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=25570445 --> == Do you use Wikidata in Wikimedia sibling projects? Tell us about your experiences == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> ''Note: Apologies for cross-posting and sending in English.'' Hello, the '''[[m:WD4WMP|Wikidata for Wikimedia Projects]]''' team at Wikimedia Deutschland would like to hear about your experiences using Wikidata in the sibling projects. If you are interested in sharing your opinion and insights, please consider signing up for an interview with us in this '''[https://wikimedia.sslsurvey.de/Wikidata-for-Wikimedia-Interviews Registration form]'''.<br> ''Currently, we are only able to conduct interviews in English.'' The front page of the form has more details about what the conversation will be like, including how we would '''compensate''' you for your time. For more information, visit our ''[[m:WD4WMP/AddIssue|project issue page]]'' where you can also share your experiences in written form, without an interview.<br>We look forward to speaking with you, [[m:User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)|Danny Benjafield (WMDE)]] ([[m:User talk:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)|talk]]) 08:53, 5 January 2024 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/WD4WMP/ScreenerInvite2&oldid=26055343 --> == Making MinT a default Machine Translation for your Wikipedia == {{int:Hello}} Santali Wikipedians! Apologies as this message is not in your native language, {{int:please-translate}}. The [[mw:Wikimedia_Language_engineering|WMF Language team]] wants to make [[mw:MinT|MinT]] the default machine translation support in Santali Wikipedia [[mw:Content_translation|Content Translation]]. MinT uses the [https://ai4bharat.iitm.ac.in/indic-trans2/ IndicTrans2] machine translation model, which recently has a new version. Our proposal to set MinT as the default machine translation service in this Wikipedia will expose contributors to open source service by default and allow them to switch to other services if they prefer those services. Contributors can decide to switch to another translation service that is not default if they prefer the service, which will be helpful in analysing user preferences in the future. The WMF Language team is requesting feedback from members of this community in this thread if making the MinT the default translation service is okay in Santali Wikipedia. If there are no objections to the above proposal. In that case, MinT will become the default machine translation in this Wikipedia by the 6th of February 2024. Thank you for your feedback. [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:UOzurumba (WMF)|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱐᱓:᱔᱑, ᱑᱗ ᱡᱟᱱᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱒᱐᱒᱔ (UTC) On behalf of the WMF Language team. :>> Apologies as this message is not in your native language, Please help translate to your language. :It's totally ok [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba]]. :Hi, @[[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] I'm writing to share some feedback on the current MinT translation experience: :# MinT without IndicTrans: While I recognize IndicTrans' potential, I find its current results inconsistent. For now, MinT without it delivers better quality translations. :# Alternative option: I discovered Glosbe Translate (https://translate.glosbe.com/en-sat/who/), which seems to use an NLLB model and produces promising results. :# Recommendations: :## Revert to previous settings: Consider temporarily reverting to MinT without IndicTrans until its quality improves. :## Option for model selection: Implement a user-selectable option between IndicTrans and NLLB (e.g., Glosbe) models. :## Integrate Glosbe Translate: Explore integrating Glosbe Translate as an alternative model. :Thanks [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:Rocky 734|Rocky 734]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:Rocky 734|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱐᱒:᱕᱘, ᱑᱑ ᱯᱷᱮᱵᱽᱨᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱒᱐᱒᱔ (UTC) :Hi, Translated the message here and started the toipc here at the end. [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:Rocky 734|Rocky 734]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:Rocky 734|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱑᱕:᱐᱔, ᱑᱑ ᱯᱷᱮᱵᱽᱨᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱒᱐᱒᱔ (UTC) :I will soon start a new discussion regarding the addition of new machine tranlslation tools, alongside MinT to get other people opinion. [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:Rocky 734|Rocky 734]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:Rocky 734|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱑᱕:᱔᱔, ᱑᱑ ᱯᱷᱮᱵᱽᱨᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱒᱐᱒᱔ (UTC) == Feminism and Folklore 2024 == <div style="border:8px maroon ridge;padding:6px;> [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2024 logo.svg|centre|550px|frameless]] ::<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <center>''{{int:please-translate}}''</center> Dear Wiki Community, You are humbly invited to organize the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2024|Feminism and Folklore 2024]]''' writing competition from February 1, 2024, to March 31, 2024 on your local Wikipedia. This year, Feminism and Folklore will focus on feminism, women's issues, and gender-focused topics for the project, with a [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2024|Wiki Loves Folklore]] gender gap focus and a folk culture theme on Wikipedia. You can help Wikipedia's coverage of folklore from your area by writing or improving articles about things like folk festivals, folk dances, folk music, women and queer folklore figures, folk game athletes, women in mythology, women warriors in folklore, witches and witch hunting, fairy tales, and more. Users can help create new articles, expand or translate from a generated list of suggested articles. Organisers are requested to work on the following action items to sign up their communities for the project: # Create a page for the contest on the local wiki. # Set up a campaign on '''CampWiz''' tool. # Create the local list and mention the timeline and local and international prizes. # Request local admins for site notice. # Link the local page and the CampWiz link on the [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2024/Project Page|meta project page]]. This year, the Wiki Loves Folklore Tech Team has introduced two new tools to enhance support for the campaign. These tools include the '''Article List Generator by Topic''' and '''CampWiz'''. The Article List Generator by Topic enables users to identify articles on the English Wikipedia that are not present in their native language Wikipedia. Users can customize their selection criteria, and the tool will present a table showcasing the missing articles along with suggested titles. Additionally, users have the option to download the list in both CSV and wikitable formats. Notably, the CampWiz tool will be employed for the project for the first time, empowering users to effectively host the project with a jury. Both tools are now available for use in the campaign. [https://tools.wikilovesfolklore.org/ '''Click here to access these tools'''] Learn more about the contest and prizes on our [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2024|project page]]. Feel free to contact us on our [[:m:Talk:Feminism and Folklore 2024/Project Page|meta talk page]] or by email us if you need any assistance. We look forward to your immense coordination. Thank you and Best wishes, '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2024|Feminism and Folklore 2024 International Team]]''' ::::Stay connected [[File:B&W Facebook icon.png|link=https://www.facebook.com/feminismandfolklore/|30x30px]]&nbsp; [[File:B&W Twitter icon.png|link=https://twitter.com/wikifolklore|30x30px]] </div></div> --[[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:MediaWiki message delivery|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱐᱗:᱒᱖, ᱑᱘ ᱡᱟᱱᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱒᱐᱒᱔ (UTC) == Wiki Loves Folklore is back! == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> {{int:please-translate}} [[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|150px|frameless]] Dear Wiki Community, You are humbly invited to participate in the '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2024|Wiki Loves Folklore 2024]]''' an international photography contest organized on Wikimedia Commons to document folklore and intangible cultural heritage from different regions, including, folk creative activities and many more. It is held every year from the '''1st till the 31st''' of March. You can help in enriching the folklore documentation on Commons from your region by taking photos, audios, videos, and [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:UploadWizard&campaign=wlf_2024 submitting] them in this commons contest. You can also [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2024/Organize|organize a local contest]] in your country and support us in translating the [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2024/Translations|project pages]] to help us spread the word in your native language. Feel free to contact us on our [[:c:Commons talk:Wiki Loves Folklore 2024|project Talk page]] if you need any assistance. '''Kind regards,''' '''Wiki loves Folklore International Team''' -- [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:MediaWiki message delivery|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱐᱗:᱒᱖, ᱑᱘ ᱡᱟᱱᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱒᱐᱒᱔ (UTC) </div></div> <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery/Wikipedia&oldid=23942484 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Vote on the Charter for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/wiki/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter/Announcement - voting opens|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:wiki/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter/Announcement - voting opens}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]'' Hello all, I am reaching out to you today to announce that the voting period for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] (U4C) Charter is now open. Community members may [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter/Voter_information|cast their vote and provide comments about the charter via SecurePoll]] now through '''2 February 2024'''. Those of you who voiced your opinions during the development of the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines|UCoC Enforcement Guidelines]] will find this process familiar. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|current version of the U4C Charter]] is on Meta-wiki with translations available. Read the charter, go vote and share this note with others in your community. I can confidently say the U4C Building Committee looks forward to your participation. On behalf of the UCoC Project team,<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> [[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] ᱑᱘:᱐᱘, ᱑᱙ ᱡᱟᱱᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱒᱐᱒᱔ (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=25853527 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Last days to vote on the Charter for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/wiki/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter/Announcement - voting reminder|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:wiki/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter/Announcement - voting reminder}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]'' Hello all, I am reaching out to you today to remind you that the voting period for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] (U4C) charter will close on '''2 February 2024'''. Community members may [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter/Voter_information|cast their vote and provide comments about the charter via SecurePoll]]. Those of you who voiced your opinions during the development of the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines|UCoC Enforcement Guidelines]] will find this process familiar. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|current version of the U4C charter]] is on Meta-wiki with translations available. Read the charter, go vote and share this note with others in your community. I can confidently say the U4C Building Committee looks forward to your participation. On behalf of the UCoC Project team,<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> [[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] ᱑᱗:᱐᱐, ᱓᱑ ᱡᱟᱱᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱒᱐᱒᱔ (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=25853527 --> == ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ MinT ᱢᱤᱫ ᱰᱤᱯᱷᱚᱞᱴ ᱢᱤᱥᱤᱱ ᱛᱚᱨᱡᱚᱢᱟᱤᱭᱟᱹ == Below is a translation of the original post by @UOzurumba_(WMF) --[[#Making_MinT_a_default_Machine_Translation_for_your_Wikipedia|Making MinT a default Machine Translation for your Wikipedia]] ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱢᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮ MinT ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱞᱤ ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱚᱱᱴᱮᱱᱴ ᱴᱨᱟᱱᱥᱞᱮᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱰᱤᱯᱚᱞᱴ ᱢᱤᱥᱤᱱ ᱴᱨᱟᱱᱥᱞᱮᱴ ᱥᱚᱯᱳᱨᱴ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱢᱟᱸ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱴᱤᱢ ᱫᱚᱭ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾ MinT ᱫᱚ IndicTrans2 ᱢᱤᱥᱤᱱ ᱛᱚᱨᱡᱚᱢᱟ ᱢᱚᱰᱮᱞ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹᱠ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ MinT ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱢᱤᱥᱤᱱ ᱛᱚᱨᱡᱚᱢᱟ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱢᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱟᱵᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱯᱨᱳᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱞᱜᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱚᱯᱮᱱ ᱥᱳᱨᱥ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱣ ᱮ ᱮᱢᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱡᱩᱫᱤ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱷᱟᱹᱜᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱟᱢᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱥᱤᱱ ᱛᱟᱨᱡᱚᱢᱟ ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱚᱢ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱾ ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱢᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮ MinT ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱰᱤᱯᱷᱚᱞᱴ ᱴᱨᱟᱱᱥᱞᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱟ ᱥᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱯᱷᱳᱨᱢᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱴᱤᱢ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱛ ᱟᱵᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱛᱮᱞᱟ ᱛᱟᱹᱝᱜᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱩᱫᱤ ᱟᱢ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹᱠ ᱠᱟᱱ MinT ᱥᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱟᱯᱚᱛ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜ ᱛᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ, MinT ᱫᱚ ᱖ ᱯᱷᱮᱵᱽᱨᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱒᱐᱒᱔ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱰᱤᱯᱷᱚᱞᱴ ᱢᱤᱥᱤᱱ ᱛᱚᱨᱡᱚᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱟᱦᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱥᱟᱱᱟ ᱯᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱛᱟᱵᱚᱱ ᱯᱮ :- [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:Rocky 734|Rocky 734]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:Rocky 734|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱑᱕:᱐᱑, ᱑᱑ ᱯᱷᱮᱵᱽᱨᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱒᱐᱒᱔ (UTC) :{{ss}} -- ᱱᱤᱛ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ MinT ᱜᱮ ᱰᱤᱯᱷᱚᱞᱴ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:Rocky 734|Rocky 734]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:Rocky 734|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱑᱕:᱔᱖, ᱑᱑ ᱯᱷᱮᱵᱽᱨᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱒᱐᱒᱔ (UTC) == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Announcing the results of the UCoC Coordinating Committee Charter ratification vote</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/wiki/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter/Announcement - results|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:wiki/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter/Announcement - results}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]'' Dear all, Thank you everyone for following the progress of the Universal Code of Conduct. I am writing to you today to announce the outcome of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter/Voter_information|ratification vote]] on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee Charter]]. 1746 contributors voted in this ratification vote with 1249 voters supporting the Charter and 420 voters not. The ratification vote process allowed for voters to provide comments about the Charter. A report of voting statistics and a summary of voter comments will be published on Meta-wiki in the coming weeks. Please look forward to hearing about the next steps soon. On behalf of the UCoC Project team,<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> [[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] ᱑᱘:᱒᱔, ᱑᱒ ᱯᱷᱮᱵᱽᱨᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱒᱐᱒᱔ (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=26160150 --> == Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2024: We are back! == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> [[File:UCDM 2024 general.jpg|180px|right]] {{int:please-translate}} Hello, dear Wikipedians!<br/> [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Ukraine|Wikimedia Ukraine]], in cooperation with the [[:en:Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine|MFA of Ukraine]] and [[:en:Ukrainian Institute|Ukrainian Institute]], has launched the forth edition of writing challenge "'''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2024|Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month]]'''", which lasts from 1st until 31st March 2024. The campaign is dedicated to famous Ukrainian artists of cinema, music, literature, architecture, design and cultural phenomena of Ukraine that are now part of world heritage. We accept contribution in every language! The most active contesters will receive prizes.<br/> We invite you to take part and help us improve the coverage of Ukrainian culture on Wikipedia in your language! Also, we plan to set up a [[:m:CentralNotice/Request/UCDM 2024|banner]] to notify users of the possibility to participate in such a challenge! [[:m:User:ValentynNefedov (WMUA)|ValentynNefedov (WMUA)]] ([[:m:User talk:ValentynNefedov (WMUA)|talk]]) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:ValentynNefedov (WMUA)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery/Wikipedia&oldid=26166467 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Report of the U4C Charter ratification and U4C Call for Candidates now available</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – call for candidates| You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – call for candidates}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]'' Hello all, I am writing to you today with two important pieces of information. First, the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter/Vote results|report of the comments from the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) Charter ratification]] is now available. Secondly, the call for candidates for the U4C is open now through April 1, 2024. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] (U4C) is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. Community members are invited to submit their applications for the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, please [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|review the U4C Charter]]. Per the charter, there are 16 seats on the U4C: eight community-at-large seats and eight regional seats to ensure the U4C represents the diversity of the movement. Read more and submit your application on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024|Meta-wiki]]. On behalf of the UCoC project team,<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> [[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] ᱑᱖:᱒᱕, ᱕ ᱢᱟᱨᱪ ᱒᱐᱒᱔ (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=26276337 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees 2024 Selection</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> : ''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024/Announcement/Selection announcement| You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]'' : ''<div class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024/Announcement/Selection announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024/Announcement/Selection announcement}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div>'' Dear all, This year, the term of 4 (four) Community- and Affiliate-selected Trustees on the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees will come to an end [1]. The Board invites the whole movement to participate in this year’s selection process and vote to fill those seats. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections committee|Elections Committee]] will oversee this process with support from Foundation staff [2]. The Board Governance Committee created a Board Selection Working Group from Trustees who cannot be candidates in the 2024 community- and affiliate-selected trustee selection process composed of Dariusz Jemielniak, Nataliia Tymkiv, Esra'a Al Shafei, Kathy Collins, and Shani Evenstein Sigalov [3]. The group is tasked with providing Board oversight for the 2024 trustee selection process, and for keeping the Board informed. More details on the roles of the Elections Committee, Board, and staff are here [4]. Here are the key planned dates: * May 2024: Call for candidates and call for questions * June 2024: Affiliates vote to shortlist 12 candidates (no shortlisting if 15 or less candidates apply) [5] * June-August 2024: Campaign period * End of August / beginning of September 2024: Two-week community voting period * October–November 2024: Background check of selected candidates * Board's Meeting in December 2024: New trustees seated Learn more about the 2024 selection process - including the detailed timeline, the candidacy process, the campaign rules, and the voter eligibility criteria - on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024|this Meta-wiki page]], and make your plan. '''Election Volunteers''' Another way to be involved with the 2024 selection process is to be an Election Volunteer. Election Volunteers are a bridge between the Elections Committee and their respective community. They help ensure their community is represented and mobilize them to vote. Learn more about the program and how to join on this [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024/Election Volunteers|Meta-wiki page]]. Best regards, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:Pundit|Dariusz Jemielniak]] (Governance Committee Chair, Board Selection Working Group) [1] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2021/Results#Elected [2] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Committee:Elections_Committee_Charter [3] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Minutes:2023-08-15#Governance_Committee [4] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections_committee/Roles [5] Even though the ideal number is 12 candidates for 4 open seats, the shortlisting process will be triggered if there are more than 15 candidates because the 1-3 candidates that are removed might feel ostracized and it would be a lot of work for affiliates to carry out the shortlisting process to only eliminate 1-3 candidates from the candidate list.<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> [[User:MPossoupe_(WMF)|MPossoupe_(WMF)]]᱑᱙:᱕᱗, ᱑᱒ ᱢᱟᱨᱪ ᱒᱐᱒᱔ (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:MPossoupe (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=26349432 --> == New Bot Request == Hi, I have applied for a new bot flag [[ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱚᱲ:Bots/CampWiz Bot|here]]. Please have a look at it. [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:Nokib Sarkar|Nokib Sarkar]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:Nokib Sarkar|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱒᱐:᱑᱕, ᱖ ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱞ ᱒᱐᱒᱔ (UTC) == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Vote now to select members of the first U4C</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – vote opens|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – vote opens}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]'' Dear all, I am writing to you to let you know the voting period for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) is open now through May 9, 2024. Read the information on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024|voting page on Meta-wiki]] to learn more about voting and voter eligibility. The Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. Community members were invited to submit their applications for the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, please [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|review the U4C Charter]]. Please share this message with members of your community so they can participate as well. On behalf of the UCoC project team,<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> [[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] ᱒᱐:᱒᱐, ᱒᱕ ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱞ ᱒᱐᱒᱔ (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=26390244 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Sign up for the language community meeting on May 31st, 16:00 UTC</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="message"/>Hello all, The next language community meeting is scheduled in a few weeks - May 31st at 16:00 UTC. If you're interested, you can [https://www.mediawiki.org/w/index.php?title=Wikimedia_Language_engineering/Community_meetings#31_May_2024 sign up on this wiki page]. This is a participant-driven meeting, where we share language-specific updates related to various projects, collectively discuss technical issues related to language wikis, and work together to find possible solutions. For example, in the last meeting, the topics included the machine translation service (MinT) and the languages and models it currently supports, localization efforts from the Kiwix team, and technical challenges with numerical sorting in files used on Bengali Wikisource. Do you have any ideas for topics to share technical updates related to your project? Any problems that you would like to bring for discussion during the meeting? Do you need interpretation support from English to another language? Please reach out to me at ssethi(__AT__)wikimedia.org and [[etherpad:p/language-community-meeting-may-2024|add agenda items to the document here]]. We look forward to your participation! <section end="message"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ᱒᱑:᱒᱒, ᱑᱔ ᱢᱮ ᱒᱐᱒᱔ (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:SSethi (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=26390244 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Feedback invited on Procedure for Sibling Project Lifecycle</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee/Procedure for Sibling Project Lifecycle/Invitation for feedback (MM)|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee/Procedure for Sibling Project Lifecycle/Invitation for feedback (MM)}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]'' [[File:Sibling Project Lifecycle Conversation 3.png|150px|right|link=:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee/Procedure for Sibling Project Lifecycle]] Dear community members, The [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee|Community Affairs Committee]] (CAC) of the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees|Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees]] invites you to give feedback on a '''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee/Procedure for Sibling Project Lifecycle|draft Procedure for Sibling Project Lifecycle]]'''. This draft Procedure outlines proposed steps and requirements for opening and closing Wikimedia Sibling Projects, and aims to ensure any newly approved projects are set up for success. This is separate from the procedures for opening or closing language versions of projects, which is handled by the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Language committee|Language Committee]] or [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Closing_projects_policy|closing projects policy]]. You can find the details on [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee/Procedure for Sibling Project Lifecycle#Review|this page]], as well as the ways to give your feedback from today until the end of the day on '''June 23, 2024''', anywhere on Earth. You can also share information about this with the interested project communities you work with or support, and you can also help us translate the procedure into more languages, so people can join the discussions in their own language. On behalf of the CAC,<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> [[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] ᱐᱒:᱒᱖, ᱒᱒ ᱢᱮ ᱒᱐᱒᱔ (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=26390244 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Announcing the first Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – results|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – results}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]'' Hello, The scrutineers have finished reviewing the vote results. We are following up with the results of the first [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) election]]. We are pleased to announce the following individuals as regional members of the U4C, who will fulfill a two-year term: * North America (USA and Canada) ** – * Northern and Western Europe ** [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:Ghilt|Ghilt]] * Latin America and Caribbean ** – * Central and East Europe (CEE) ** — * Sub-Saharan Africa ** – * Middle East and North Africa ** [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:Ibrahim.ID|Ibrahim.ID]] * East, South East Asia and Pacific (ESEAP) ** [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:0xDeadbeef|0xDeadbeef]] * South Asia ** – The following individuals are elected to be community-at-large members of the U4C, fulfilling a one-year term: * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:Barkeep49|Barkeep49]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:Superpes15|Superpes15]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:Civvì|Civvì]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:Luke081515|Luke081515]] * – * – * – * – Thank you again to everyone who participated in this process and much appreciation to the candidates for your leadership and dedication to the Wikimedia movement and community. Over the next few weeks, the U4C will begin meeting and planning the 2024-25 year in supporting the implementation and review of the UCoC and Enforcement Guidelines. Follow their work on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Meta-wiki]]. On behalf of the UCoC project team,<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> [[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] ᱐᱘:᱑᱕, ᱓ ᱡᱩᱱ ᱒᱐᱒᱔ (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=26390244 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">The final text of the Wikimedia Movement Charter is now on Meta</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Announcement - Final draft available|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Announcement - Final draft available}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]'' Hi everyone, The final text of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter|Wikimedia Movement Charter]] is now up on Meta in more than 20 languages for your reading. '''What is the Wikimedia Movement Charter?''' The Wikimedia Movement Charter is a proposed document to define roles and responsibilities for all the members and entities of the Wikimedia movement, including the creation of a new body – the Global Council – for movement governance. '''Join the Wikimedia Movement Charter “Launch Party”''' Join the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event:Movement Charter Launch Party|“Launch Party”]] on '''June 20, 2024''' at '''14.00-15.00 UTC''' ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1718892000 your local time]). During this call, we will celebrate the release of the final Charter and present the content of the Charter. Join and learn about the Charter before casting your vote. '''Movement Charter ratification vote''' Voting will commence on SecurePoll on '''June 25, 2024''' at '''00:01 UTC''' and will conclude on '''July 9, 2024''' at '''23:59 UTC.''' You can read more about the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Ratification/Voting|voting process, eligibility criteria, and other details]] on Meta. If you have any questions, please leave a comment on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Talk:Movement Charter|Meta talk page]] or email the MCDC at [mailto:mcdc@wikimedia.org mcdc@wikimedia.org]. On behalf of the MCDC,<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> [[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] ᱐᱘:᱔᱔, ᱑᱑ ᱡᱩᱱ ᱒᱐᱒᱔ (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=26390244 --> == Wikimedia Technology Summit (WTS) 2024 - Scholarships == ''Note: Apologies for cross-posting and sending in English.'' <br> [[metawiki:3rd_Wikimedia_Technology_Summit_(WTS_2024)|Wikimedia Technology Summit (WTS) 2024]] is focused on using technology to enhance inclusivity across Wikipedia and its associated projects. We aim to explore strategies for engaging underrepresented communities and languages while also strengthening the technical foundation. By fostering collaboration between developers, users, and researchers, we can unite our efforts to create, innovate, and advance the technology that drives open knowledge. <br> We invite community members residing in India who are interested in attending WTS 2024 in person to apply for scholarships by July 10, 2024. The summit will be held at IIIT Hyderabad, India, in October 2024. <br> To apply, please fill out the application form by clicking [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeoO22CuLXrNzL10rJ2guQsxuVtgJAP82EUYuZyBI46nPAHWw/viewform this link]]. <br> On behalf of the WTS 2024 Scholarship Committee : [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:Kasyap|Kasyap]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:Kasyap|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱐᱙:᱐᱓, ᱑᱑ ᱡᱩᱱ ᱒᱐᱒᱔ (UTC) == Plans to enable MinT for Wiki readers in Santali Wikipedia == {{int:Hello}} Santali Wikipedians! Apologies as this message is not in your language, {{int:please-translate}}. The [[mw:Wikimedia_Language_engineering|WMF Language team]] has been working on [[mw:MinT#MinT_for_wiki_readers|MinT for Wiki Readers]]. This feature will allow communities to access more content that is only available in other languages with machine translation in Wikipedia. We will be enabling the initial version of this feature first in Igbo Wikipedia, and your Wikipedia is the next to test and have this feature since it will be beneficial for reading content in other languages. For this, our team would like you to read about the feature and [[:sat:Special:AutomaticTranslation|'''test it''']] so you can: * Ask us questions * Tell us how to improve the feature * Give us your feedback on enabling it in your Wikipedia '''About the feature''' The MinT for Wiki Readers is a feature that will allow readers of Santali Wikipedia to expand their reading options and knowledge beyond the language they are familiar with in Wikipedia. For instance, if someone is interested in a topic or content that only exists in the Japanese language and the person is not familiar with the language. While using the mobile web version of Wikipedia, the reader can access the machine translation version of that content in the Santali language from the language selector or the article's footer (as shown in the media files below). {{Gallery | align = center | height =450 | width =200 | whitebg = no | noborder = yes | File:MinT MVP Language Selector entry point video.webm|Language selector entry point. | File:MinT_MVP_Article_footer_entry_point.png|Article footer entry point }} These machine-generated translations of content are clearly identified as such, and the human-created content is surfaced and recommended if available. This feature is in its initial development. It is an early and functional version, and many aspects will be improved based on your community member's feedback on what works and what can be improved to better support your needs as readers. '''How to try the tool''' Before we enable this feature in your Wikipedia by the 26th June 2024, we invite members of your community to try MinT for Wiki Readers in your Wikipedia at [[:sat:Special:AutomaticTranslation|Special:AutomaticTranslation]] and give us early feedback in this thread or on [[mw:Talk:MinT#Feedback_from_Wikipedians_about_MinT_for_Wiki_Readers|this talk page]]. Our team would like to know your impression on: * How do you use the feature * Anything we should consider for our plans to enable it? * Your ideas for improving it. We greatly appreciate your time and effort in testing this tool. We eagerly look forward to your valuable feedback and questions, which will be instrumental in the further development of this feature. Thank you. On behalf of the WMF Language team. [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:UOzurumba (WMF)|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱒᱒:᱑᱒, ᱑᱓ ᱡᱩᱱ ᱒᱐᱒᱔ (UTC) :Johar 🙏🙏 @[[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]], Fantastic, sorry for replying late here. Love the new feature that translates any language articles to Santali! I'm thrilled to be an early adopter of the new automatic translation feature, especially for Santali content!. While I haven't been able to fully test it due to traveling through remote areas, I did manage a preliminary exploration, and I'm eager to share some initial thoughts. :</br> :The ability to seamlessly translate any article into Santali is incredibly impressive. This feature can bridge the gap for readers who want to consume content without actively contributing translations themselves. There are many articles which are only availabe in Santali, which may be read by others too. Great for readers who just want to enjoy content. :</br> :Here, I have got some creative ideas: :# Give a Pop-up Notification: Explain what automatic translation is when someone opens a translated article. Mark these articles differently from regular ones to avoid confusion, maybe by changing background colour. :# Improve Translations: readers can help improve translations, If possible to draft the current automatic translated article for future translation. :# List: Create a list of article which were viewed as automated translation, so that more priority can be given to translate those article and increase viewership. :# Eye Care Reminder: Add a pop-up reminding users to take breaks while reading. With the exciting prospect of this new feature, we can expect even more readers to delve into our content. To ensure their well-being during extended reading sessions, incorporating a gentle reminder to take breaks every 15 minutes would be a valuable addition. This revision removes the negative connotation of "addicted" and emphasizes the positive aspects of increased readership. :Thanks :Excited about this feature! [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:Rocky 734|Rocky 734]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:Rocky 734|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱑᱘:᱓᱓, ᱑᱘ ᱡᱩᱱ ᱒᱐᱒᱔ (UTC) ::Thank you @[[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:Rocky 734|Rocky 734]], for sharing your ideas. ::Your idea of having a Pop-up notification to explain automatic translation and marking the articles differently from the regular ones to avoid confusion was considered. We provided an icon and a label at the top and footer of articles to indicate they are automatic translations and not human-curated content, as shown below. Also, the footer label has a link for people to learn more about automatic translation. ::[[File:Screenshot of a prompt in MinT for Wiki Readers feature 1.jpg|right|250px|A notice to learn more about the automatic translation]],[[File:Screenshot from the MinT for Wiki Readers feature.jpg|center|250px|A label distinguishing the page from human-curated one.]] ::Regarding your suggestion for readers to improve translations, currently, machine translations are provided by machine learning models, which cannot be updated immediately. For now, the alternative we provide is to write a human-curated translation of the contents with Content Translation. It does not cover the use-case of making a small, quick fix when finding an issue in machine-translated content. We have plans to support this with community-provided translations (more details in [[phab:T351748|this ticket]]). In this way, users can make corrections to the specific translation of a sentence. That correction will be incorporated into a translation memory system, making it immediately available for future machine translation requests. Creating this system is exciting since it can help to improve machine translation quality. However, it is not a trivial effort, so it will still take some time. ::We have noted your third and fourth suggestions. ::Once again, thank you so much for your feedback; since there are no objections, we will enable the feature. [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:UOzurumba (WMF)|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱐᱔:᱓᱒, ᱒᱖ ᱡᱩᱱ ᱒᱐᱒᱔ (UTC) == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Voting to ratify the Wikimedia Movement Charter is now open – cast your vote</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Announcement - Ratification vote opens|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Announcement - Ratification vote opens}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]'' Hello everyone, The voting to ratify the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter|'''Wikimedia Movement Charter''']] is now open. The Wikimedia Movement Charter is a document to define roles and responsibilities for all the members and entities of the Wikimedia movement, including the creation of a new body – the Global Council – for movement governance. The final version of the Wikimedia Movement Charter is [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter|available on Meta in different languages]] and attached [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Wikimedia_Movement_Charter_(June_2024).pdf here in PDF format] for your reading. Voting commenced on SecurePoll on '''June 25, 2024''' at '''00:01 UTC''' and will conclude on '''July 9, 2024''' at '''23:59 UTC'''. Please read more on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Ratification/Voting|voter information and eligibility details]]. After reading the Charter, please [[Special:SecurePoll/vote/398|'''vote here''']] and share this note further. If you have any questions about the ratification vote, please contact the Charter Electoral Commission at [mailto:cec@wikimedia.org '''cec@wikimedia.org''']. On behalf of the CEC,<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> [[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] ᱑᱐:᱕᱒, ᱒᱕ ᱡᱩᱱ ᱒᱐᱒᱔ (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=26989444 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Voting to ratify the Wikimedia Movement Charter is ending soon</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Announcement - Final reminder|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Announcement - Final reminder}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]'' Hello everyone, This is a kind reminder that the voting period to ratify the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter|Wikimedia Movement Charter]] will be closed on '''July 9, 2024''', at '''23:59 UTC'''. If you have not voted yet, please vote [[m:Special:SecurePoll/vote/398|on SecurePoll]]. On behalf of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Ratification/Voting#Electoral_Commission|Charter Electoral Commission]],<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> [[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] ᱐᱓:᱔᱕, ᱘ ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ ᱒᱐᱒᱔ (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=26989444 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">U4C Special Election - Call for Candidates</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election/Announcement – call for candidates|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election/Announcement – call for candidates}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]'' Hello all, A special election has been called to fill additional vacancies on the U4C. The call for candidates phase is open from now through July 19, 2024. The [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] (U4C) is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the [[:foundation:Wikimedia Foundation Universal Code of Conduct|UCoC]]. Community members are invited to submit their applications in the special election for the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, please review the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|U4C Charter]]. In this special election, according to [[Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter#2. Elections and Terms|chapter 2 of the U4C charter]], there are 9 seats available on the U4C: '''four''' community-at-large seats and '''five''' regional seats to ensure the U4C represents the diversity of the movement. [[Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter#5. Glossary|No more than two members of the U4C can be elected from the same home wiki]]. Therefore, candidates must not have English Wikipedia, German Wikipedia, or Italian Wikipedia as their home wiki. Read more and submit your application on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election|Meta-wiki]]. In cooperation with the U4C,<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> -- [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) ᱐᱐:᱐᱓, ᱑᱐ ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ ᱒᱐᱒᱔ (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=26989444 --> == Visual Editor: Small change in the reference list coming up == Hello and apologies for writing in English. There is a small change coming up for ''the editing view in Visual Editor'' on your wiki: The format of reference numbers in the reference list that you see while editing with Visual Editor will change from <code>᱑)</code> to <code>᱑.</code> This is a side effect of the work conducted by the [[metawiki:WMDE_Technical_Wishes|Technical Wishes]] team on a new [[metawiki:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/extending_references|sub-referencing feature]]. The work is needed for fixing some general [[phab:T52474|numbering issues in Visual Editor]]. We expect this change to be effective later this week. If you have questions or concerns, [[metawiki:Talk:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/extending_references|please let us know here]]. -- [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|Johanna Strodt (WMDE)]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱐᱗:᱔᱙, ᱑᱕ ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ ᱒᱐᱒᱔ (UTC) == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Wikimedia Movement Charter ratification voting results</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Announcement - Results of the ratification vote|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Announcement - Results of the ratification vote}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]'' Hello everyone, After carefully tallying both individual and affiliate votes, the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Ratification/Voting#Electoral Commission|Charter Electoral Commission]] is pleased to announce the final results of the Wikimedia Movement Charter voting.   As [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Talk:Movement Charter#Thank you for your participation in the Movement Charter ratification vote!|communicated]] by the Charter Electoral Commission, we reached the quorum for both Affiliate and individual votes by the time the vote closed on '''July 9, 23:59 UTC'''. We thank all 2,451 individuals and 129 Affiliate representatives who voted in the ratification process. Your votes and comments are invaluable for the future steps in Movement Strategy. The final results of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter|Wikimedia Movement Charter]] ratification voting held between 25 June and 9 July 2024 are as follows: '''Individual vote:''' Out of 2,451 individuals who voted as of July 9 23:59 (UTC), 2,446 have been accepted as valid votes. Among these, '''1,710''' voted “yes”; '''623''' voted “no”; and '''113''' selected “–” (neutral). Because the neutral votes don’t count towards the total number of votes cast, 73.30% voted to approve the Charter (1710/2333), while 26.70% voted to reject the Charter (623/2333). '''Affiliates vote:''' Out of 129 Affiliates designated voters who voted as of July 9 23:59 (UTC), 129 votes are confirmed as valid votes. Among these, '''93''' voted “yes”; '''18''' voted “no”; and '''18''' selected “–” (neutral). Because the neutral votes don’t count towards the total number of votes cast, 83.78% voted to approve the Charter (93/111), while 16.22% voted to reject the Charter (18/111). '''Board of Trustees of the Wikimedia Foundation:''' The Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees voted '''not to ratify''' the proposed Charter during their special Board meeting on July 8, 2024. The Chair of the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees, Nataliia Tymkiv, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Board_noticeboard/Board_resolution_and_vote_on_the_proposed_Movement_Charter|shared the result of the vote, the resolution, meeting minutes and proposed next steps]].   With this, the Wikimedia Movement Charter in its current revision is '''not ratified'''. We thank you for your participation in this important moment in our movement’s governance. The Charter Electoral Commission, [[m:User:Abhinav619|Abhinav619]], [[m:User:Borschts|Borschts]], [[m:User:Iwuala Lucy|Iwuala Lucy]], [[m:User:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]], [[m:User:Der-Wir-Ing|Der-Wir-Ing]]<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:MediaWiki message delivery|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱑᱗:᱕᱒, ᱑᱘ ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ ᱒᱐᱒᱔ (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=26989444 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Vote now to fill vacancies of the first U4C</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election/Announcement – voting opens|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election/Announcement – voting opens}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]'' Dear all, I am writing to you to let you know the voting period for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) is open now through '''August 10, 2024'''. Read the information on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election|voting page on Meta-wiki]] to learn more about voting and voter eligibility. The Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. Community members were invited to submit their applications for the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, please [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|review the U4C Charter]]. Please share this message with members of your community so they can participate as well. In cooperation with the U4C,<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> [[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] ᱐᱒:᱔᱘, ᱒᱗ ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ ᱒᱐᱒᱔ (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=26989444 --> == Project Announcement: Enhancing Indic Oral Culture on Wikimedia Projects == Hello Wikimedians! We are glad to announce that the Wikimedia funded project '''Enhancing Indic Oral Culture on Wikimedia projects''' is now underway. It is a project focusing on facilitating citizen archivists to document their language and culture. Training, support, compensation for field visits, and regular guidance are some of the facilities that will be provided to volunteer participants. If you or someone you know who is interested in participating, please feel free to get in touch with us and feel free to reach out to us at [https://mail.google.com/mail/u/1/#inbox/QgrcJHsHprJJLpMxkvqcRWzNFKQqhtgbPhl?compose=CllgCJlHDnDbVzDLNdwxSMdTJVChFjvBfWxwPfbZbfgqFvFJVcgVfdjCHMxwbhsphMHtBBMGCnV '''amritsufi2@gmail.com'''] or [https://mail.google.com/mail/u/1/#inbox/QgrcJHsHprJJLpMxkvqcRWzNFKQqhtgbPhl?compose=DmwnWrRqhsNXsDVpjclDlmLsqfVmFtxjlnfXstNvZRTjWccJmwBpXbxdWLvTBznGCHbbFxJzdtzG '''yakshitharp6@gmail.com''']<br> We have attached a flyer link which contains more information about the project. Here is the registration link to participate: [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdpV8QD9QXn7HXlm1OdOAk5Ko0a7hIwMkfQYyeeiXt0JsO4kw/viewform?lsrp=1 '''Here''']<br> [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1utpEFxARxoxkfB37xKm0aN-Qxi53Y92x/view '''Invitation Link''']<br> Thank You<br> [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:Yakshitha|Yakshitha]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:Yakshitha|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱐᱖:᱑᱘, ᱓᱑ ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ ᱒᱐᱒᱔ (UTC) == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Reminder! Vote closing soon to fill vacancies of the first U4C</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election/Announcement – reminder to vote|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election/Announcement – reminder to vote}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]'' Dear all, The voting period for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) is closing soon. It is open through 10 August 2024. Read the information on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2024_Special_Election#Voting|the voting page on Meta-wiki to learn more about voting and voter eligibility]]. If you are eligible to vote and have not voted in this special election, it is important that you vote now. '''Why should you vote?''' The U4C is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. Community input into the committee membership is critical to the success of the UCoC. Please share this message with members of your community so they can participate as well. In cooperation with the U4C,<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> -- [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) ᱑᱕:᱓᱑, ᱖ ᱚᱜᱚᱥᱴ ᱒᱐᱒᱔ (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=27183190 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Coming soon: A new sub-referencing feature – try it!</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="Sub-referencing"/> [[File:Sub-referencing reuse visual.png|{{#ifeq:{{#dir}}|ltr|right|left}}|400px]] Hello. For many years, community members have requested an easy way to re-use references with different details. Now, a MediaWiki solution is coming: The new sub-referencing feature will work for wikitext and Visual Editor and will enhance the existing reference system. You can continue to use different ways of referencing, but you will probably encounter sub-references in articles written by other users. More information on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|the project page]]. '''We want your feedback''' to make sure this feature works well for you: * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#Test|Please try]] the current state of development on beta wiki and [[m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|let us know what you think]]. * [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing/Sign-up|Sign up here]] to get updates and/or invites to participate in user research activities. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Deutschland|Wikimedia Deutschland]]’s [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes|Technical Wishes]] team is planning to bring this feature to Wikimedia wikis later this year. We will reach out to creators/maintainers of tools and templates related to references beforehand. Please help us spread the message. --[[m:User:Johannes Richter (WMDE)|Johannes Richter (WMDE)]] ([[m:User talk:Johannes Richter (WMDE)|talk]]) 10:36, 19 August 2024 (UTC) <section end="Sub-referencing"/> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Johannes Richter (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johannes_Richter_(WMDE)/Sub-referencing/massmessage_list&oldid=27309345 --> == Sign up for the language community meeting on August 30th, 15:00 UTC == Hi all, The next language community meeting is scheduled in a few weeks—on August 30th at 15:00 UTC. If you're interested in joining, you can [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Language_and_Product_Localization/Community_meetings#30_August_2024 sign up on this wiki page]. This participant-driven meeting will focus on sharing language-specific updates related to various projects, discussing technical issues related to language wikis, and working together to find possible solutions. For example, in the last meeting, topics included the Language Converter, the state of language research, updates on the Incubator conversations, and technical challenges around external links not working with special characters on Bengali sites. Do you have any ideas for topics to share technical updates or discuss challenges? Please add agenda items to the document [https://etherpad.wikimedia.org/p/language-community-meeting-aug-2024 here] and reach out to ssethi(__AT__)wikimedia.org. We look forward to your participation! [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:MediaWiki message delivery|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱒᱓:᱑᱙, ᱒᱒ ᱚᱜᱚᱥᱴ ᱒᱐᱒᱔ (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:SSethi (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=27183190 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Announcing the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/board-elections@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/OKCCN2CANIH2K7DXJOL2GPVDFWL27R7C/ Original message at wikimedia-l]. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election/Announcement - results|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election/Announcement - results}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]'' Hello all, The scrutineers have finished reviewing the vote and the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Elections Committee|Elections Committee]] have certified the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election/Results|results]] for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) special election]]. I am pleased to announce the following individual as regional members of the U4C, who will fulfill a term until 15 June 2026: * North America (USA and Canada) ** Ajraddatz The following seats were not filled during this special election: * Latin America and Caribbean * Central and East Europe (CEE) * Sub-Saharan Africa * South Asia * The four remaining Community-At-Large seats Thank you again to everyone who participated in this process and much appreciation to the candidates for your leadership and dedication to the Wikimedia movement and community. Over the next few weeks, the U4C will begin meeting and planning the 2024-25 year in supporting the implementation and review of the UCoC and Enforcement Guidelines. You can follow their work on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Meta-Wiki]]. On behalf of the U4C and the Elections Committee,<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> [[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] ᱑᱔:᱐᱖, ᱒ ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱒᱔ (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=27183190 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Have your say: Vote for the 2024 Board of Trustees!</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> Hello all, The voting period for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024|2024 Board of Trustees election]] is now open. There are twelve (12) candidates running for four (4) seats on the Board. Learn more about the candidates by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024/Candidates|reading their statements]] and their [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2024/Questions_for_candidates|answers to community questions]]. When you are ready, go to the [[Special:SecurePoll/vote/400|SecurePoll]] voting page to vote. '''The vote is open from September 3rd at 00:00 UTC to September 17th at 23:59 UTC'''. To check your voter eligibility, please visit the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2024/Voter_eligibility_guidelines|voter eligibility page]]. Best regards, The Elections Committee and Board Selection Working Group<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:MediaWiki message delivery|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱑᱒:᱑᱔, ᱓ ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱒᱔ (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=27183190 --> == 'Wikidata item' link is moving. Find out where... == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"><i>Apologies for cross-posting in English. Please consider translating this message.</i>{{tracked|T66315}} Hello everyone, a small change will soon be coming to the user-interface of your Wikimedia project. The [[d:Q16222597|Wikidata item]] [[w:|sitelink]] currently found under the <span style="color: #54595d;"><u>''General''</u></span> section of the '''Tools''' sidebar menu will move into the <span style="color: #54595d;"><u>''In Other Projects''</u></span> section. We would like the Wiki communities feedback so please let us know or ask questions on the [[m:Talk:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Projects/Move_Wikidata_item_link|Discussion page]] before we enable the change which can take place October 4 2024, circa 15:00 UTC+2. More information can be found on [[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Projects/Move_Wikidata_item_link|the project page]].<br><br>We welcome your feedback and questions.<br> [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:MediaWiki message delivery|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱑᱘:᱕᱘, ᱒᱗ ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱒᱔ (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)/MassMessage_Test_List&oldid=27524260 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Preliminary results of the 2024 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees elections</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> Hello all, Thank you to everyone who participated in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024|2024 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees election]]. Close to 6000 community members from more than 180 wiki projects have voted. The following four candidates were the most voted: # [[User:Kritzolina|Christel Steigenberger]] # [[User:Nadzik|Maciej Artur Nadzikiewicz]] # [[User:Victoria|Victoria Doronina]] # [[User:Laurentius|Lorenzo Losa]] While these candidates have been ranked through the vote, they still need to be appointed to the Board of Trustees. They need to pass a successful background check and meet the qualifications outlined in the Bylaws. New trustees will be appointed at the next Board meeting in December 2024. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2024/Results|Learn more about the results on Meta-Wiki.]] Best regards, The Elections Committee and Board Selection Working Group <section end="announcement-content" /> </div> [[User:MPossoupe_(WMF)|MPossoupe_(WMF)]] ᱐᱘:᱒᱕, ᱑᱔ ᱚᱠᱴᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱒᱔ (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:MPossoupe (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=27183190 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Seeking volunteers to join several of the movement’s committees</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> Each year, typically from October through December, several of the movement’s committees seek new volunteers. Read more about the committees on their Meta-wiki pages: * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee|Affiliations Committee (AffCom)]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ombuds_commission|Ombuds commission (OC)]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Legal/Community Resilience and Sustainability/Trust and Safety/Case Review Committee|Case Review Committee (CRC)]] Applications for the committees open on 16 October 2024. Applications for the Affiliations Committee close on 18 November 2024, and applications for the Ombuds commission and the Case Review Committee close on 2 December 2024. Learn how to apply by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation/Legal/Committee_appointments|visiting the appointment page on Meta-wiki]]. Post to the talk page or email [mailto:cst@wikimedia.org cst@wikimedia.org] with any questions you may have. For the Committee Support team, <section end="announcement-content" /> </div> -- [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) ᱒᱓:᱐᱘, ᱑᱖ ᱚᱠᱴᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱒᱔ (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=27601062 --> == Announcing Indic Wikimedia Hackathon Bhubaneswar 2024 & scholarship applications == Dear Wikimedians, We hope you are well. We are thrilled to announce the upcoming [[:metawiki:Indic Wikimedia Hackathon Bhubaneswar 2024|Indic Wikimedia Hackathon Bhubaneswar 2024]], hosted by the [[:metawiki:Indic MediaWiki Developers User Group|Indic MediaWiki Developers UG]] (aka Indic-TechCom) in collaboration with the [[:metawiki:Odia Wikimedians User Group|Odia Wikimedians UG]]. The event will take place in Bhubaneswar during 20-22 December 2024. Wikimedia hackathons are spaces for developers, designers, content editors, and other community stakeholders to collaborate on building technical solutions that help improve the experience of contributors and consumers of Wikimedia projects. The event is intended for: * Technical contributors active in the Wikimedia technical ecosystem, which includes developers, maintainers (admins/interface admins), translators, designers, researchers, documentation writers etc. * Content contributors having in-depth understanding of technical issues in their home Wikimedia projects like Wikipedia, Wikisource, Wiktionary, etc. * Contributors to any other FOSS community or have participated in Wikimedia events in the past, and would like to get started with contributing to Wikimedia technical spaces. We encourage you to follow the essential details & updates on Meta-Wiki regarding this event. Event Meta-Wiki page: https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Indic_Wikimedia_Hackathon_Bhubaneswar_2024 Scholarship application form: [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSf07lWyPJc6bxOCKl_i2vuMBdWa9EAzMRUej4x1ii3jFjTIaQ/viewform Click here to apply ] ''(Scholarships are available to assist with your attendance, covering travel, accommodation, food, and related expenses.)'' Please read the application guidance on the Meta-Wiki page before applying. The scholarship application is open until the end of the day 2 November 2024 (Saturday). If you have any questions, concerns or need any support with the application, please start a discussion on the event talk page or reach out to us contact@indicmediawikidev.org via email. Best, [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:MediaWiki message delivery|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱐᱙:᱓᱕, ᱑᱙ ᱚᱠᱴᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱒᱔ (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:KCVelaga@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/South_Asia_Village_Pumps&oldid=25720607 --> == 'Wikidata item' link is moving, finally. == Hello everyone, I previously wrote on the 27th September to advise that the ''Wikidata item'' sitelink will change places in the sidebar menu, moving from the '''General''' section into the '''In Other Projects''' section. The scheduled rollout date of 04.10.2024 was delayed due to a necessary request for Mobile/MinervaNeue skin. I am happy to inform that the global rollout can now proceed and will occur later today, 22.10.2024 at 15:00 UTC-2. [[m:Talk:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Projects/Move_Wikidata_item_link|Please let us know]] if you notice any problems or bugs after this change. There should be no need for null-edits or purging cache for the changes to occur. Kind regards, -[[m:User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)|Danny Benjafield (WMDE)]] ᱑᱑:᱓᱐, ᱒᱒ ᱚᱠᱴᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱒᱔ (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)/MassMessage_Test_List&oldid=27535421 --> == Proposal to enable the "Contribute" entry point in Santali Wikipedia == {{Int:Hello}} Santali Wikipedians, Apologies as this message is not in your language. {{Int:please-translate}}. The [[mediawikiwiki:Wikimedia_Language_and_Product_Localization|WMF Language and Product Localization]] team proposes enabling an entry point called "Contribute" to your Wikipedia. The [[:bn:বিশেষ:Contribute|Contribute]] entry point is based on collaborative work with other product teams in the Wikimedia Foundation on [[mediawikiwiki:Edit_Discovery|Edit discovery]], which validated the entry point as a persistent and constant path that contributors took to discover ways to contribute content in Wikipedia. Therefore, enabling this entry point in your Wikipedia will help contributors quickly discover available tools and immediately click to start using them. This entry point is designed to be a central point for discovering contribution tools in Santali Wikipedia. '''Who can access it''' Once it is enabled in your Wikipedia, newcomers can access the entry point automatically by just logging into their account, click on the User drop-down menu and choose the "Contribute" icon, which takes you to another menu where you will find a self-guided description of what you can do to contribute content, as shown in the image below. An option to "view contributions" is also available to access the list of your contributions. [[ᱨᱮᱫ:Mobile_Contribute_Page.png|link=https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datei:Mobile_Contribute_Page.png|Mobile Contribute Page]] [[ᱨᱮᱫ:Mobile_contribute_menu_(detailed).png|link=https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datei:Mobile_contribute_menu_(detailed).png|Mobile contribute menu (detailed)]] For experienced contributors, the Contribute icon is not automatically shown in their User drop-down menu. They will still see the "Contributions" option unless they change it to the "Contribute" manually. This feature is available in four Wikipedia (Albanian, Malayalam, Mongolian, and Tagalog). We have gotten valuable feedback that helped us improve its discoverability. Now, it is ready to be enabled in other Wikis. One major improvement was to [[phab:T369041|make the entry point optional for experienced contributors]] who still want to have the "Contributions" entry point as default.           We plan to enable it '''on mobile''' for Wikis, where the Section translation tool is enabled. In this way, we will provide a main entry point to the mobile translation dashboard, and the exposure can still be limited by targeting only the mobile platform for now. If there are no objections to having the entry point for mobile users from your community, we will enable it by 20th November 2024. We welcome your feedback and questions in this thread on our proposal to enable it here. Suppose there are no objections, we will deploy the "Contribute" entry point in your Wikipedia. We look forward to your response soon. Thank you! On behalf of the WMF Language and Product Localization team. [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:UOzurumba (WMF)|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱐᱑:᱔᱔, ᱗ ᱱᱚᱵᱷᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱒᱔ (UTC) :<nowiki>I request to sent me link for translate on Santali language.~~~</nowiki> [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:Pywikisat|Pywikisat]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:Pywikisat|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱐᱑:᱕᱒, ᱙ ᱱᱚᱵᱷᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱒᱔ (UTC) :This is very good proposal I agree. [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:Pywikisat|Pywikisat]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:Pywikisat|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱐᱑:᱕᱘, ᱙ ᱱᱚᱵᱷᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱒᱔ (UTC) ::<span style="color:#007800">'''Sa'''</span><span style="color:#009200">'''i'''</span><span style="color:#20A620">'''len Hansda'''</span> 🇧🇩 <span style="font-size:85%;"></span> [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:Sailen Hansda|Sailen Hansda]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:Sailen Hansda|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱑᱔:᱓᱔, ᱙ ᱱᱚᱵᱷᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱒᱔ (UTC) :Thank you All, for your feedback. Since there are no objections to having the "Contribute" entry point, we will enable it at the stipulated time in Santali Wikipedia. :@[[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:Pywikisat|Pywikisat]], you won't be able to see the message string for now in translatewiki.net because it has not been enabled in your wiki. However, I have done a screen record to show you how to access it in translatewiki.net once it is enabled. :I hope this helps. Best regards, [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:UOzurumba (WMF)|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱑᱗:᱔᱕, ᱑᱓ ᱱᱚᱵᱷᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱒᱔ (UTC) == Sign up for the language community meeting on November 29th, 16:00 UTC == Hello everyone, The next language community meeting is coming up next week, on November 29th, at 16:00 UTC (Zonestamp! For your timezone <https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1732896000>). If you're interested in joining, you can sign up on this wiki page: <https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Language_and_Product_Localization/Community_meetings#29_November_2024>. This participant-driven meeting will be organized by the Wikimedia Foundation’s Language Product Localization team and the Language Diversity Hub. There will be presentations on topics like developing language keyboards, the creation of the Moore Wikipedia, and the language support track at Wiki Indaba. We will also have members from the Wayuunaiki community joining us to share their experiences with the Incubator and as a new community within our movement. This meeting will have a Spanish interpretation. Looking forward to seeing you at the language community meeting! Cheers, [[User:SSethi (WMF)|Srishti]] ᱑᱙:᱕᱔, ᱒᱑ ᱱᱚᱵᱷᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱒᱔ (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:SSethi (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=27746256 --> == [[:m:Expressions of Interest to host Wikimania 2027 in India: Initial conversation|Expressions of Interest to host Wikimania 2027 in India: Initial conversation]] == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> ''{{int:please-translate}}'' Dear Wikimedians, We are excited to '''Initiate the discussions about India’s potential bid to host [[:m:Wikimania 2027|Wikimania 2027]]''', the annual international conference of the Wikimedia movement. This is a call to the community to express interest and share ideas for organizing this flagship event in India. Having a consortium of a good number of country groups, recognised affiliates, thematic groups or regional leaders primarily from Asia for this purpose will ultimately strengthen our proposal from the region. This is the first step in a collaborative journey. We invite all interested community members to contribute to the discussion, share your thoughts, and help shape the vision for hosting Wikimania 2027 in India. Your participation will ensure this effort reflects the strength and diversity of the Indian Wikimedia community. Please join the conversation on [[:m:Expressions of Interest to host Wikimania 2027 in India: Initial conversation#Invitation to Join the Conversation|Meta page]] and help make this vision a reality! Regards, <br> [[:m:Wikimedians of Kerala|Wikimedians of Kerala User Group]] and [[:m:Odia Wikimedians User Group|Odia Wikimedians User Group]] <br> This message was sent with [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:MediaWiki message delivery|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) by [[m:User:Gnoeee|Gnoeee]] ([[m:User_talk:Gnoeee|talk]]) ᱑᱕:᱑᱔, ᱔ ᱰᱤᱥᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱒᱔ (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Gnoeee@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Indic_VPs&oldid=27906962 --> == Open Community Call - [[:m:Expressions of Interest to host Wikimania 2027 in India: Initial conversation|Expressions of Interest to host Wikimania 2027 in India]] == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> ''{{int:please-translate}}'' Dear Wikimedians, Happy 2025.. 😊 As you must have seen, members from Wikimedians of Kerala and Odia Wikimedia User Groups initiated preliminary discussions around submitting an Expression of Interest (EoI) to have Wikimania 2027 in India. You can find out more on the [[:m:Expressions of Interest to host Wikimania 2027 in India: Initial conversation|Meta Page]]. Our aim is to seek input and assess the overall community sentiment and thoughts from the Indian community before we proceed further with the steps involved in submitting the formal EOI. As part of the same, we are hosting an '''open community call regarding India's Expression of Interest (EOI) to host Wikimania 2027'''. This is an opportunity to gather your valuable feedback, opinions, and suggestions to shape a strong and inclusive proposal. * 📅 Date: Wednesday, January 15th 2025 * ⏰ Time: 7pm-8pm IST * 📍 Platform: https://meet.google.com/sns-qebp-hck Your participation is key to ensuring the EOI reflects the collective aspirations and potential of the vibrant South Asian community. Let’s join together to make this a milestone event for the Wikimedia movement in South Asia. We look forward to your presence! <br> Warm regards, <br> [[:m:Wikimedians of Kerala|Wikimedians of Kerala]] and [[:m:Odia Wikimedians User Group|Odia Wikimedians]] User Group's <br> This message was sent with [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:MediaWiki message delivery|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) by [[m:User:Gnoeee|Gnoeee]] ([[m:User_talk:Gnoeee|talk]]) at ᱐᱕:᱕᱕, ᱑᱔ ᱡᱟᱱᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱒᱐᱒᱕ (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Gnoeee@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Indic_VPs&oldid=28100038 --> == Universal Code of Conduct annual review: provide your comments on the UCoC and Enforcement Guidelines == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> My apologies for writing in English. {{Int:Please-translate}}. I am writing to you to let you know the annual review period for the Universal Code of Conduct and Enforcement Guidelines is open now. You can make suggestions for changes through 3 February 2025. This is the first step of several to be taken for the annual review. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Annual_review|Read more information and find a conversation to join on the UCoC page on Meta]]. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] (U4C) is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review was planned and implemented by the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter|you may review the U4C Charter]]. Please share this information with other members in your community wherever else might be appropriate. -- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) ᱐᱑:᱑᱑, ᱒᱔ ᱡᱟᱱᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱒᱐᱒᱕ (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=27746256 --> == Feminism and Folklore 2025 starts soon == <div style="border:8px maroon ridge;padding:6px;> [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2025 logo.svg|centre|550px|frameless]] ::<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <center>''{{int:please-translate}}''</center> Dear Wiki Community, You are humbly invited to organize the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2025|Feminism and Folklore 2025]]''' writing competition from February 1, 2025, to March 31, 2025 on your local Wikipedia. This year, Feminism and Folklore will focus on feminism, women's issues, and gender-focused topics for the project, with a [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2025|Wiki Loves Folklore]] gender gap focus and a folk culture theme on Wikipedia. You can help Wikipedia's coverage of folklore from your area by writing or improving articles about things like folk festivals, folk dances, folk music, women and queer folklore figures, folk game athletes, women in mythology, women warriors in folklore, witches and witch hunting, fairy tales, and more. Users can help create new articles, expand or translate from a generated list of suggested articles. Organisers are requested to work on the following action items to sign up their communities for the project: # Create a page for the contest on the local wiki. # Set up a campaign on '''CampWiz''' tool. # Create the local list and mention the timeline and local and international prizes. # Request local admins for site notice. # Link the local page and the CampWiz link on the [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2025/Project Page|meta project page]]. This year, the Wiki Loves Folklore Tech Team has introduced two new tools to enhance support for the campaign. These tools include the '''Article List Generator by Topic''' and '''CampWiz'''. The Article List Generator by Topic enables users to identify articles on the English Wikipedia that are not present in their native language Wikipedia. Users can customize their selection criteria, and the tool will present a table showcasing the missing articles along with suggested titles. Additionally, users have the option to download the list in both CSV and wikitable formats. Notably, the CampWiz tool will be employed for the project for the first time, empowering users to effectively host the project with a jury. Both tools are now available for use in the campaign. [https://tools.wikilovesfolklore.org/ '''Click here to access these tools'''] Learn more about the contest and prizes on our [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2025|project page]]. Feel free to contact us on our [[:m:Talk:Feminism and Folklore 2025/Project Page|meta talk page]] or by email us if you need any assistance. We look forward to your immense coordination. Thank you and Best wishes, '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2025|Feminism and Folklore 2025 International Team]]''' ::::Stay connected [[File:B&W Facebook icon.png|link=https://www.facebook.com/feminismandfolklore/|30x30px]]&nbsp; [[File:B&W Twitter icon.png|link=https://twitter.com/wikifolklore|30x30px]] </div></div> --[[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:MediaWiki message delivery|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱐᱒:᱓᱖, ᱒᱙ ᱡᱟᱱᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱒᱐᱒᱕ (UTC) == Wiki Loves Folklore is back! == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> {{int:please-translate}} [[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|150px|frameless]] Dear Wiki Community, You are humbly invited to participate in the '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2025|Wiki Loves Folklore 2025]]''' an international media contest organized on Wikimedia Commons to document folklore and intangible cultural heritage from different regions, including, folk creative activities and many more. It is held every year from the '''1st till the 31st''' of March. You can help in enriching the folklore documentation on Commons from your region by taking photos, audios, videos, and [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:UploadWizard&campaign=wlf_2025 submitting] them in this commons contest. You can also [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2025/Organize|organize a local contest]] in your country and support us in translating the [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2025/Translations|project pages]] to help us spread the word in your native language. Feel free to contact us on our [[:c:Commons talk:Wiki Loves Folklore 2025|project Talk page]] if you need any assistance. '''Kind regards,''' '''Wiki loves Folklore International Team''' --[[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:MediaWiki message delivery|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱐᱒:᱓᱖, ᱒᱙ ᱡᱟᱱᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱒᱐᱒᱕ (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery/Wikipedia&oldid=26503019 --> == Reminder: first part of the annual UCoC review closes soon == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> My apologies for writing in English. {{Int:Please-translate}}. This is a reminder that the first phase of the annual review period for the Universal Code of Conduct and Enforcement Guidelines will be closing soon. You can make suggestions for changes through [[d:Q614092|the end of day]], 3 February 2025. This is the first step of several to be taken for the annual review. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Annual_review|Read more information and find a conversation to join on the UCoC page on Meta]]. After review of the feedback, proposals for updated text will be published on Meta in March for another round of community review. Please share this information with other members in your community wherever else might be appropriate. -- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) ᱐᱐:᱔᱘, ᱓ ᱯᱷᱮᱵᱽᱨᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱒᱐᱒᱕ (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28198931 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr"> Upcoming Language Community Meeting (Feb 28th, 14:00 UTC) and Newsletter</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="message"/> Hello everyone! [[File:WP20Symbols WIKI INCUBATOR.svg|right|frameless|150x150px|alt=An image symbolising multiple languages]] We’re excited to announce that the next '''Language Community Meeting''' is happening soon, '''February 28th at 14:00 UTC'''! If you’d like to join, simply sign up on the '''[[mw:Wikimedia_Language_and_Product_Localization/Community_meetings#28_February_2025|wiki page]]'''. This is a participant-driven meeting where we share updates on language-related projects, discuss technical challenges in language wikis, and collaborate on solutions. In our last meeting, we covered topics like developing language keyboards, creating the Moore Wikipedia, and updates from the language support track at Wiki Indaba. '''Got a topic to share?''' Whether it’s a technical update from your project, a challenge you need help with, or a request for interpretation support, we’d love to hear from you! Feel free to '''reply to this message''' or add agenda items to the document '''[[etherpad:p/language-community-meeting-feb-2025|here]]'''. Also, we wanted to highlight that the sixth edition of the Language & Internationalization newsletter (January 2025) is available here: [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Newsletter/2025/January|Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Newsletter/2025/January]]. This newsletter provides updates from the October–December 2024 quarter on new feature development, improvements in various language-related technical projects and support efforts, details about community meetings, and ideas for contributing to projects. To stay updated, you can subscribe to the newsletter on its wiki page: [[:mw:Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Newsletter|Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Newsletter]]. We look forward to your ideas and participation at the language community meeting, see you there! <section end="message"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> ᱐᱘:᱒᱙, ᱒᱒ ᱯᱷᱮᱵᱽᱨᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱒᱐᱒᱕ (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:SSethi (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28217779 --> == Universal Code of Conduct annual review: proposed changes are available for comment == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> My apologies for writing in English. {{Int:Please-translate}}. I am writing to you to let you know that [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Annual_review/Proposed_Changes|proposed changes]] to the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines|Universal Code of Conduct (UCoC) Enforcement Guidelines]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) Charter]] are open for review. '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Annual_review/Proposed_Changes|You can provide feedback on suggested changes]]''' through the [[d:Q614092|end of day]] on Tuesday, 18 March 2025. This is the second step in the annual review process, the final step will be community voting on the proposed changes. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Annual_review|Read more information and find relevant links about the process on the UCoC annual review page on Meta]]. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] (U4C) is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review was planned and implemented by the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter|you may review the U4C Charter]]. Please share this information with other members in your community wherever else might be appropriate. -- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ᱑᱘:᱕᱑, ᱗ ᱢᱟᱨᱪ ᱒᱐᱒᱕ (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28307738 --> == An improved dashboard for the Content Translation tool == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> {{Int:hello}} Wikipedians, Apologies as this message is not in your language, {{Int:please-translate}}. The [[mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Language_and_Product_Localization|Language and Product Localization team]] has improved the [https://test.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:ContentTranslation&filter-type=automatic&filter-id=previous-edits&active-list=suggestions&from=en&to=es Content Translation dashboard] to create a consistent experience for all contributors using mobile and desktop devices. The improved translation dashboard allows all logged-in users of the tool to enjoy a consistent experience regardless of their type of device. With a harmonized experience, logged-in desktop users now have access to the capabilities shown in the image below. [[file:Content_Translation_new-dashboard.png|alt=|center|thumb|576x576px|Notice that in this screenshot, the new dashboard allows: Users to adjust suggestions with the "For you" and "...More" buttons to select general topics or community-created collections (like the example of Climate topic).  Also, users can use translation to create new articles (as before) and expand existing articles section by section. You can see how suggestions are provided in the new dashboard  in two groups ("Create new pages" and "Expand with new sections")-one for each activity.]] [[File:Content_Translation_dashboard_on_desktop.png|alt=|center|thumb|577x577px|In the current dashboard, you will notice that you can't adjust suggestions to select topics or community-created collections. Also, you can't expand on existing articles by translating new sections.]] We will implement [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Content translation#Improved translation experience|this improvement]] on your wiki '''on Monday, March 17th, 2025''' and remove the current dashboard '''by May 2025'''. Please reach out with any questions concerning the dashboard in this thread. Thank you! On behalf of the Language and Product Localization team. </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]]</bdi> ᱐᱒:᱕᱖, ᱑᱓ ᱢᱟᱨᱪ ᱒᱐᱒᱕ (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:UOzurumba_(WMF)/sandbox_CX_Unified_dashboard_announcement_list_1&oldid=28382282 --> == Final proposed modifications to the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines and U4C Charter now posted == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> The proposed modifications to the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines|Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines]] and the U4C Charter [[m:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Annual_review/2025/Proposed_Changes|are now on Meta-wiki for community notice]] in advance of the voting period. This final draft was developed from the previous two rounds of community review. Community members will be able to vote on these modifications starting on 17 April 2025. The vote will close on 1 May 2025, and results will be announced no later than 12 May 2025. The U4C election period, starting with a call for candidates, will open immediately following the announcement of the review results. More information will be posted on [[m:Special:MyLanguage//Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election|the wiki page for the election]] soon. Please be advised that this process will require more messages to be sent here over the next two months. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]] is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review was planned and implemented by the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, you may [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter|review the U4C Charter]]. Please share this message with members of your community so they can participate as well. -- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) ᱐᱒:᱐᱔, ᱔ ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱞ ᱒᱐᱒᱕ (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28469465 --> == Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2025: Invitation == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:UCDM 2025 general.png|180px|right]] {{int:please-translate}} Hello, dear Wikipedians!<br/> [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Ukraine|Wikimedia Ukraine]], in cooperation with the [[:en:Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine|MFA of Ukraine]] and [[:en:Ukrainian Institute|Ukrainian Institute]], has launched the fifth edition of writing challenge "'''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2025|Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month]]'''", which lasts from '''14th April''' until '''16th May 2025'''. The campaign is dedicated to famous Ukrainian artists of cinema, music, literature, architecture, design, and cultural phenomena of Ukraine that are now part of world heritage. We accept contributions in every language! The most active contesters will receive prizes. If you are interested in coordinating long-term community engagement for the campaign and becoming a local ambassador, we would love to hear from you! Please let us know your interest. <br/> We invite you to take part and help us improve the coverage of Ukrainian culture on Wikipedia in your language! Also, we plan to set up a [[:m:CentralNotice/Request/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2025|banner]] to notify users of the possibility to participate in such a challenge! [[:m:User:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)]] ([[:m:User talk:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|talk]]) </div> ᱑᱖:᱑᱑, ᱑᱖ ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱞ ᱒᱐᱒᱕ (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Hide on Rosé@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:OlesiaLukaniuk_(WMUA)/list_of_wikis&oldid=28552112 --> == Vote now on the revised UCoC Enforcement Guidelines and U4C Charter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> The voting period for the revisions to the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines ("UCoC EG") and the UCoC's Coordinating Committee Charter is open now through the end of 1 May (UTC) ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1746162000 find in your time zone]). [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Annual_review/2025/Voter_information|Read the information on how to participate and read over the proposal before voting]] on the UCoC page on Meta-wiki. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]] is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review of the EG and Charter was planned and implemented by the U4C. Further information will be provided in the coming months about the review of the UCoC itself. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, you may [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter|review the U4C Charter]]. Please share this message with members of your community so they can participate as well. In cooperation with the U4C -- [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) ᱐᱐:᱓᱔, ᱑᱗ ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱞ ᱒᱐᱒᱕ (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28469465 --> == Sub-referencing: User testing == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Sub-referencing reuse visual.png|400px|right]] <small>''Apologies for writing in English, please help us by providing a translation below''</small> Hi I’m Johannes from [[:m:Wikimedia Deutschland|Wikimedia Deutschland]]'s [[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes|Technical Wishes team]]. We are making great strides with the new [[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|sub-referencing feature]] and we’d love to invite you to take part in two activities to help us move this work further: #'''Try it out and share your feedback''' #:[[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing# Test the prototype|Please try]] the updated ''wikitext'' feature [https://en.wikipedia.beta.wmflabs.org/wiki/Sub-referencing on the beta wiki] and let us know what you think, either [[:m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|on our talk page]] or by [https://greatquestion.co/wikimediadeutschland/talktotechwish booking a call] with our UX researcher. #'''Get a sneak peak and help shape the ''Visual Editor'' user designs''' #:Help us test the new design prototypes by participating in user sessions – [https://greatquestion.co/wikimediadeutschland/gxk0taud/apply sign up here to receive an invite]. We're especially hoping to speak with people from underrepresented and diverse groups. If that's you, please consider signing up! No prior or extensive editing experience is required. User sessions will start ''May 14th''. We plan to bring this feature to Wikimedia wikis later this year. We’ll reach out to wikis for piloting in time for deployments. Creators and maintainers of reference-related tools and templates will be contacted beforehand as well. Thank you very much for your support and encouragement so far in helping bring this feature to life! </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:Johannes Richter (WMDE)|Johannes Richter (WMDE)]] ([[User talk:Johannes Richter (WMDE)|talk]])</bdi> ᱑᱕:᱐᱔, ᱒᱘ ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱞ ᱒᱐᱒᱕ (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Johannes Richter (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johannes_Richter_(WMDE)/Sub-referencing/massmessage_list&oldid=28628657 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Vote on proposed modifications to the UCoC Enforcement Guidelines and U4C Charter</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> The voting period for the revisions to the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines and U4C Charter closes on 1 May 2025 at 23:59 UTC ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1746162000 find in your time zone]). [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2025/Voter information|Read the information on how to participate and read over the proposal before voting]] on the UCoC page on Meta-wiki. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]] is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review was planned and implemented by the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, you may [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|review the U4C Charter]]. Please share this message with members of your community in your language, as appropriate, so they can participate as well. In cooperation with the U4C -- <section end="announcement-content" /> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) ᱐᱓:᱔᱑, ᱒᱙ ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱞ ᱒᱐᱒᱕ (UTC)</div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28618011 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Call for Candidates for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> The results of voting on the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines and Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) Charter is [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2025#Results|available on Meta-wiki]]. You may now [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2025/Candidates|submit your candidacy to serve on the U4C]] through 29 May 2025 at 12:00 UTC. Information about [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2025|eligibility, process, and the timeline are on Meta-wiki]]. Voting on candidates will open on 1 June 2025 and run for two weeks, closing on 15 June 2025 at 12:00 UTC. If you have any questions, you can ask on [[m:Talk:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2025|the discussion page for the election]]. -- in cooperation with the U4C, </div><section end="announcement-content" /> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]])</bdi> ᱒᱒:᱐᱗, ᱑᱕ ᱢᱮ ᱒᱐᱒᱕ (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28618011 --> ==ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱥᱳᱨᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱨᱩᱯᱷᱨᱤᱰᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱱᱮᱦᱚᱨ!== ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱥᱳᱨᱥ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱥᱳᱨᱥ ᱟᱜ ᱠᱩᱨᱩᱢᱩᱴᱩ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱥᱳᱨᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱩᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱟᱯᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱞᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱡᱟ᱾ ᱡᱩᱫᱤ ᱟᱯᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱮᱢ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱭᱮᱫ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ, ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ, ᱟᱯᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱞᱤᱝᱠ: [https://w.wiki/EFGb ᱜᱟᱱᱟᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱪᱤᱴᱷᱤ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ] '''ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱡᱚᱝ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ''' * ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱨᱮ ᱖᱐ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱢ ᱢᱚᱬᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱢᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱧᱮᱪᱮᱞ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱑ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱕ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱢᱟ ᱾ ᱦᱤᱡᱩᱜ ᱢᱟᱵᱚᱱ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱵᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱹᱛᱼᱟ! [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:ᱤᱧ ᱢᱟᱛᱟᱞ|ᱤᱧ ᱢᱟᱛᱟᱞ]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:ᱤᱧ ᱢᱟᱛᱟᱞ|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱑᱓:᱕᱖, ᱒᱑ ᱢᱮ ᱒᱐᱒᱕ (UTC) == RfC ongoing regarding Abstract Wikipedia (and your project) == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> ''(Apologies for posting in English, if this is not your first language)'' Hello all! We opened a discussion on Meta about a very delicate issue for the development of [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia|Abstract Wikipedia]]: where to store the abstract content that will be developed through functions from Wikifunctions and data from Wikidata. Since some of the hypothesis involve your project, we wanted to hear your thoughts too. We want to make the decision process clear: we do not yet know which option we want to use, which is why we are consulting here. We will take the arguments from the Wikimedia communities into account, and we want to consult with the different communities and hear arguments that will help us with the decision. The decision will be made and communicated after the consultation period by the Foundation. You can read the various hypothesis and have your say at [[:m:Abstract Wikipedia/Location of Abstract Content|Abstract Wikipedia/Location of Abstract Content]]. Thank you in advance! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|<span class="signature-talk">{{int:Talkpagelinktext}}</span>]]) ᱑᱕:᱒᱗, ᱒᱒ ᱢᱮ ᱒᱐᱒᱕ (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Sannita_(WMF)/Mass_sending_test&oldid=28768453 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees 2025 Selection & Call for Questions</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Selection announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Selection announcement}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]'' Dear all, This year, the term of 2 (two) Community- and Affiliate-selected Trustees on the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees will come to an end [1]. The Board invites the whole movement to participate in this year’s selection process and vote to fill those seats. The Elections Committee will oversee this process with support from Foundation staff [2]. The Governance Committee, composed of trustees who are not candidates in the 2025 community-and-affiliate-selected trustee selection process (Raju Narisetti, Shani Evenstein Sigalov, Lorenzo Losa, Kathy Collins, Victoria Doronina and Esra’a Al Shafei) [3], is tasked with providing Board oversight for the 2025 trustee selection process and for keeping the Board informed. More details on the roles of the Elections Committee, Board, and staff are here [4]. Here are the key planned dates: * May 22 – June 5: Announcement (this communication) and call for questions period [6] * June 17 – July 1, 2025: Call for candidates * July 2025: If needed, affiliates vote to shortlist candidates if more than 10 apply [5] * August 2025: Campaign period * August – September 2025: Two-week community voting period * October – November 2025: Background check of selected candidates * Board’s Meeting in December 2025: New trustees seated Learn more about the 2025 selection process - including the detailed timeline, the candidacy process, the campaign rules, and the voter eligibility criteria - on this Meta-wiki page [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025|[link]]]. '''Call for Questions''' In each selection process, the community has the opportunity to submit questions for the Board of Trustees candidates to answer. The Election Committee selects questions from the list developed by the community for the candidates to answer. Candidates must answer all the required questions in the application in order to be eligible; otherwise their application will be disqualified. This year, the Election Committee will select 5 questions for the candidates to answer. The selected questions may be a combination of what’s been submitted from the community, if they’re alike or related. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Questions_for_candidates|[link]]] '''Election Volunteers''' Another way to be involved with the 2025 selection process is to be an Election Volunteer. Election Volunteers are a bridge between the Elections Committee and their respective community. They help ensure their community is represented and mobilize them to vote. Learn more about the program and how to join on this Meta-wiki page [[m:Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Election_volunteers|[link].]] Thank you! [1] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Results [2] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Committee:Elections_Committee_Charter [3] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Resolution:Committee_Membership,_December_2024 [4] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections_committee/Roles [5] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/FAQ [6] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Questions_for_candidates Best regards, Victoria Doronina Board Liaison to the Elections Committee Governance Committee<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:MediaWiki message delivery|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱐᱓:᱐᱘, ᱒᱘ ᱢᱮ ᱒᱐᱒᱕ (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28618011 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr"> Upcoming Deployment of the CampaignEvents Extension</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="message"/> Hello everyone, ''(Apologies for posting in English if English is not your first language. Please help translate to your language.)'' The Campaigns Product Team is planning a global deployment of the '''[[:mw:Help:Extension:CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents extension]]''' to all Wikipedias, including this wiki, during the '''week of June 23rd'''. This extension is designed to help organizers plan and manage events, WikiProjects, and other on-wiki collaborations - and to make these efforts more discoverable. The three main features of this extension are: * '''[[:m:Event_Center/Registration|Event Registration]]''': A simple way to sign up for events on the wiki. * '''[[:m:CampaignEvents/Collaboration_list|Collaboration List]]''': A global list of events and a local list of WikiProjects, accessible at '''[[:m:Special:AllEvents|Special:AllEvents]]'''. * '''[[:m:Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Invitation_list|Invitation Lists]]''': A tool to help organizers find editors who might want to join, based on their past contributions. '''Note''': The extension comes with a new user right called '''"Event Organizer"''', which will be managed by administrators on this wiki. Organizer tools like Event Registration and Invitation Lists will only work if someone is granted this right. The Collaboration List is available to everyone immediately after deployment. The extension is already live on several wikis, including '''Meta, Wikidata, English Wikipedia''', and more ( [[m:CampaignEvents/Deployment_status#Current_Deployment_Status_for_CampaignEvents_extension| See the full deployment list]]) If you have any questions, concerns, or feedback, please feel free to share them on the [[m:Talk:CampaignEvents| extension talkpage]]. We’d love to hear from you before the rollout. Thank you! <section end="message"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:Udehb-WMF|Udehb-WMF]] ([[User talk:Udehb-WMF|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱑᱖:᱔᱗, ᱒᱙ ᱢᱮ ᱒᱐᱒᱕ (UTC)</bdi> <!-- Message sent by User:Udehb-WMF@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Udehb-WMF/sandbox/deployment_audience&oldid=28803829 --> == 📣 Announcing the South Asia Newsletter – Get Involved! 🌏 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> ''{{int:please-translate}}'' Hello Wikimedians of South Asia! 👋 We’re excited to launch the planning phase for the '''South Asia Newsletter''' – a bi-monthly, community-driven publication that brings news, updates, and original stories from across our vibrant region, to one page! We’re looking for passionate contributors to join us in shaping this initiative: * Editors/Reviewers – Craft and curate impactful content * Technical Contributors – Build and maintain templates, modules, and other magic on meta. * Community Representatives – Represent your Wikimedia Affiliate or community If you're excited to contribute and help build a strong regional voice, we’d love to have you on board! 👉 Express your interest though [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfhk4NIe3YwbX88SG5hJzcF3GjEeh5B1dMgKE3JGSFZ1vtrZw/viewform this link]. Please share this with your community members.. Let’s build this together! 💬 This message was sent with [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:MediaWiki message delivery|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) by [[m:User:Gnoeee|Gnoeee]] ([[m:User_talk:Gnoeee|talk]]) at ᱑᱕:᱔᱒, ᱖ ᱡᱩᱱ ᱒᱐᱒᱕ (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Gnoeee@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/South_Asia_Village_Pumps&oldid=25720607 --> == Vote now in the 2025 U4C Election == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Apologies for writing in English. {{Int:Please-translate}} Eligible voters are asked to participate in the 2025 [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] election. More information–including an eligibility check, voting process information, candidate information, and a link to the vote–are available on Meta at the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2025|2025 Election information page]]. The vote closes on 17 June 2025 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1750161600 12:00 UTC]. Please vote if your account is eligible. Results will be available by 1 July 2025. -- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) ᱒᱓:᱐᱑, ᱑᱓ ᱡᱩᱱ ᱒᱐᱒᱕ (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28848819 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees 2025 - Call for Candidates</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''<div class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Call for candidates|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Call for candidates}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div> Hello all, The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025|call for candidates for the 2025 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees selection is now open]] from June 17, 2025 – July 2, 2025 at 11:59 UTC [1]. The Board of Trustees oversees the Wikimedia Foundation's work, and each Trustee serves a three-year term [2]. This is a volunteer position. This year, the Wikimedia community will vote in late August through September 2025 to fill two (2) seats on the Foundation Board. Could you – or someone you know – be a good fit to join the Wikimedia Foundation's Board of Trustees? [3] Learn more about what it takes to stand for these leadership positions and how to submit your candidacy on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Candidate application|this Meta-wiki page]] or encourage someone else to run in this year's election. Best regards, Abhishek Suryawanshi<br /> Chair of the Elections Committee On behalf of the Elections Committee and Governance Committee [1] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Call_for_candidates [2] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Legal:Bylaws#(B)_Term. [3] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Resources_for_candidates<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:MediaWiki message delivery|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱑᱗:᱔᱔, ᱑᱗ ᱡᱩᱱ ᱒᱐᱒᱕ (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28866958 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Sister Projects Task Force reviews Wikispore and Wikinews</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="message"/> Dear Wikimedia Community, The [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee|Community Affairs Committee (CAC)]] of the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees assigned [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee/Sister Projects Task Force|the Sister Projects Task Force (SPTF)]] to update and implement a procedure for assessing the lifecycle of Sister Projects – wiki [[m:Wikimedia projects|projects supported by Wikimedia Foundation (WMF)]]. A vision of relevant, accessible, and impactful free knowledge has always guided the Wikimedia Movement. As the ecosystem of Wikimedia projects continues to evolve, it is crucial that we periodically review existing projects to ensure they still align with our goals and community capacity. Despite their noble intent, some projects may no longer effectively serve their original purpose. '''Reviewing such projects is not about giving up – it's about responsible stewardship of shared resources'''. Volunteer time, staff support, infrastructure, and community attention are finite, and the non-technical costs tend to grow significantly as our ecosystem has entered a different age of the internet than the one we were founded in. Supporting inactive projects or projects that didn't meet our ambitions can unintentionally divert these resources from areas with more potential impact. Moreover, maintaining projects that no longer reflect the quality and reliability of the Wikimedia name stands for, involves a reputational risk. An abandoned or less reliable project affects trust in the Wikimedia movement. Lastly, '''failing to sunset or reimagine projects that are no longer working can make it much harder to start new ones'''. When the community feels bound to every past decision – no matter how outdated – we risk stagnation. A healthy ecosystem must allow for evolution, adaptation, and, when necessary, letting go. If we create the expectation that every project must exist indefinitely, we limit our ability to experiment and innovate. Because of this, SPTF reviewed two requests concerning the lifecycle of the Sister Projects to work through and demonstrate the review process. We chose Wikispore as a case study for a possible new Sister Project opening and Wikinews as a case study for a review of an existing project. Preliminary findings were discussed with the CAC, and a community consultation on both proposals was recommended. === Wikispore === The [[m:Wikispore|application to consider Wikispore]] was submitted in 2019. SPTF decided to review this request in more depth because rather than being concentrated on a specific topic, as most of the proposals for the new Sister Projects are, Wikispore has the potential to nurture multiple start-up Sister Projects. After careful consideration, the SPTF has decided '''not to recommend''' Wikispore as a Wikimedia Sister Project. Considering the current activity level, the current arrangement allows '''better flexibility''' and experimentation while WMF provides core infrastructural support. We acknowledge the initiative's potential and seek community input on what would constitute a sufficient level of activity and engagement to reconsider its status in the future. As part of the process, we shared the decision with the Wikispore community and invited one of its leaders, Pharos, to an SPTF meeting. Currently, we especially invite feedback on measurable criteria indicating the project's readiness, such as contributor numbers, content volume, and sustained community support. This would clarify the criteria sufficient for opening a new Sister Project, including possible future Wikispore re-application. However, the numbers will always be a guide because any number can be gamed. === Wikinews === We chose to review Wikinews among existing Sister Projects because it is the one for which we have observed the highest level of concern in multiple ways. Since the SPTF was convened in 2023, its members have asked for the community's opinions during conferences and community calls about Sister Projects that did not fulfil their promise in the Wikimedia movement.[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:WCNA_2024._Sister_Projects_-_opening%3F_closing%3F_merging%3F_splitting%3F.pdf <nowiki>[1]</nowiki>][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_Community_Affairs_Committee/Sister_Projects_Task_Force#Wikimania_2023_session_%22Sister_Projects:_past,_present_and_the_glorious_future%22 <nowiki>[2]</nowiki>][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WikiConvention_francophone/2024/Programme/Quelle_proc%C3%A9dure_pour_ouvrir_ou_fermer_un_projet_%3F <nowiki>[3]</nowiki>] Wikinews was the leading candidate for an evaluation because people from multiple language communities proposed it. Additionally, by most measures, it is the least active Sister Project, with the greatest drop in activity over the years. While the Language Committee routinely opens and closes language versions of the Sister Projects in small languages, there has never been a valid proposal to close Wikipedia in major languages or any project in English. This is not true for Wikinews, where there was a proposal to close English Wikinews, which gained some traction but did not result in any action[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Proposals_for_closing_projects/Closure_of_English_Wikinews <nowiki>[4]</nowiki>][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WikiConvention_francophone/2024/Programme/Quelle_proc%C3%A9dure_pour_ouvrir_ou_fermer_un_projet_%3F <nowiki>[5]</nowiki>, see section 5] as well as a draft proposal to close all languages of Wikinews[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Talk:Proposals_for_closing_projects/Archive_2#Close_Wikinews_completely,_all_languages? <nowiki>[6]</nowiki>]. [[:c:File:Sister Projects Taskforce Wikinews review 2024.pdf|Initial metrics]] compiled by WMF staff also support the community's concerns about Wikinews. Based on this report, SPTF recommends a community reevaluation of Wikinews. We conclude that its current structure and activity levels are the lowest among the existing sister projects. SPTF also recommends pausing the opening of new language editions while the consultation runs. SPTF brings this analysis to a discussion and welcomes discussions of alternative outcomes, including potential restructuring efforts or integration with other Wikimedia initiatives. '''Options''' mentioned so far (which might be applied to just low-activity languages or all languages) include but are not limited to: *Restructure how Wikinews works and is linked to other current events efforts on the projects, *Merge the content of Wikinews into the relevant language Wikipedias, possibly in a new namespace, *Merge content into compatibly licensed external projects, *Archive Wikinews projects. Your insights and perspectives are invaluable in shaping the future of these projects. We encourage all interested community members to share their thoughts on the relevant discussion pages or through other designated feedback channels. === Feedback and next steps === We'd be grateful if you want to take part in a conversation on the future of these projects and the review process. We are setting up two different project pages: [[m:Public consultation about Wikispore|Public consultation about Wikispore]] and [[m:Public consultation about Wikinews|Public consultation about Wikinews]]. Please participate between 27 June 2025 and 27 July 2025, after which we will summarize the discussion to move forward. You can write in your own language. I will also host a community conversation 16th July Wednesday 11.00 UTC and 17th July Thursday 17.00 UTC (call links to follow shortly) and will be around at Wikimania for more discussions. <section end="message"/> </div> -- [[User:Victoria|Victoria]] on behalf of the Sister Project Task Force, ᱒᱐:᱕᱗, ᱒᱗ ᱡᱩᱱ ᱒᱐᱒᱕ (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Sister_project_MassMassage_on_behalf_of_Victoria/Target_list&oldid=28911188 --> == Wikidata Item and Property labels soon displayed in Wiki Watchlist/Recent Changes == ''(Apologies for posting in English, you can help by translating into your language)'' Hello everyone, the [[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Clearer_Wikidata_Edit_Summaries/Resolve_Labels|Wikidata For Wikimedia Projects]] team is excited to announce an upcoming change in how Wikidata edit changelogs are displayed in your [[Special:Watchlist|Watchlists]] and [[Special:RecentChanges|Recent Changes]] lists. If an edit is made on Wikidata that affects a page in another Wikimedia Project, the changelog will contain some information about the nature of the edit. This can include a QID (or Q-number), a PID (or P-number) and a value (which can be text, numbers, dates, or also QID or PID’s). Confused by these terms? See the [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Glossary|Wikidata:Glossary]] for further explanations. The upcoming change is scheduled for '''17.07.2025''', between '''1300 - 1500 UTC'''. The change will display the label (item name) alongside any QID or PIDs, as seen in the image below: [[File:Apr10 edit summary on Wikidata.png|An edit sum entry on Wikidata, labels display alongside their P- and Q-no.'s]] These changes will only be visible if you have Wikidata edits enabled in your User Preferences for Watchlists and Recent Changes, or have the active filter ‘Wikidata edits’ checkbox toggled on, directly on the Watchlist and Recent Changes pages. Your bot and gadget may be affected! There are thousands of bots, gadgets and user-scripts and whilst we have researched potential effects to many of them, we cannot guarantee there won’t be some that are broken or affected by this change. Further information and context about this change, including how your bot may be affected can be found on this [[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Clearer_Wikidata_Edit_Summaries/Resolve_Labels|project task page]]. We welcome your questions and feedback, please write to us on this dedicated [[m:Talk:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Clearer_Wikidata_Edit_Summaries/Resolve_Labels|Talk page]]. Thank you, - [[m:User:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)|Danny Benjafield (WMDE)]] on behalf of the Wikidata For Wikimedia Projects Team. [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:MediaWiki message delivery|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱑᱒:᱔᱕, ᱑᱔ ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ ᱒᱐᱒᱕ (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)/MassMessage_Test_List&oldid=28981877 --> == ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱢᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱰᱤᱴᱼᱮᱼᱛᱷᱟᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱯᱨᱚᱯᱚᱡᱟᱞ == ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱢᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱚᱦᱟᱨ, ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱞᱟᱭᱤᱵᱽ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, [https://w.wiki/6pz8 ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱢᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ] ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱚᱞ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ (ᱤᱰᱤᱴ-ᱮ-ᱛᱷᱟᱱ) ᱠᱚ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ [https://w.wiki/DDNY ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱣᱤᱠᱤ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱢᱩᱨᱟᱹᱭ] ᱞᱟᱭᱤᱵᱽ ᱯᱚᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱢᱩᱨᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱨ ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱥᱳᱨᱥ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱮ ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱟᱵᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱰᱚᱢᱮᱱ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱢᱟ ‌ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱤ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱤᱧ ᱓ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱢᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱯᱨᱳᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱚᱞ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ (ᱤᱰᱤᱴ-ᱮ-ᱛᱷᱚᱱ) ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱨᱚᱯᱚᱡᱚᱞ ᱤᱧ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱭᱮᱫᱟ ‍᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱤᱰᱤᱴ-ᱮ-ᱛᱷᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱧ ᱚᱞ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱑. ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱥᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱠᱚ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱢ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱒. ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱤᱵᱷᱮᱱᱴ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱱᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱨᱮ, ᱓ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱓᱐ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱓ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱮᱛᱟ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ-ᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱠᱚᱜᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱓. ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱕᱐% ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱮᱢ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱔. ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱤᱵᱷᱮᱱᱴ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱯᱷᱟᱱᱰ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱡᱷᱮ ᱜᱮ ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱢᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱯᱷᱟᱣᱩᱱᱰᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱯᱤᱰ ᱯᱷᱟᱱᱰ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱕. ᱤᱵᱷᱮᱱᱴ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱩᱯ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ: ᱑. ᱑᱓ ᱚᱜᱚᱥᱴ ᱦᱤᱞᱚᱜ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeX1wcLaFHI5c_ZFjGfC6-ZtaKD8LcMjcZWYgq0o__U5WyGxw/viewform?usp=header ᱥᱟᱨᱣᱮ] ᱦᱚᱸ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱒. ᱑ ᱱᱚᱵᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱓᱐ ᱱᱚᱵᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱣᱤᱠᱤ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱢᱩᱨᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱓. ᱑ ᱰᱤᱥᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱓᱐ ᱰᱤᱥᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱥᱳᱨᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱔. ᱑ ᱡᱟᱹᱱᱩᱣᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱓᱐ ᱡᱟᱹᱱᱩᱣᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱚᱞ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ (ᱤᱰᱤᱴ-ᱮ-ᱛᱷᱟᱱ) ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱤᱧ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱤᱧᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱚᱰᱮᱧ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟ᱾ ᱟᱵᱚ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱦᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱢᱮᱱᱴ/ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱫ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱯᱞᱟᱱ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱛᱟᱲ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱯᱮ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱯᱮ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱫᱤᱥᱟᱹ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱛᱟᱺᱜᱤ ᱨᱮ ; ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱥᱟᱨᱦᱟᱣ! [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:ᱤᱧ ᱢᱟᱛᱟᱞ|ᱤᱧ ᱢᱟᱛᱟᱞ]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:ᱤᱧ ᱢᱟᱛᱟᱞ|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱐᱖:᱓᱘, ᱑᱓ ᱚᱜᱚᱥᱴ ᱒᱐᱒᱕ (UTC) :ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱚᱦᱟᱨ :ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱵᱮᱣᱨᱟ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱣᱤᱠᱤ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱚᱪᱚᱭᱮᱫ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱡᱟᱸᱦᱟ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱜᱟᱯᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱱᱤᱛ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱷᱩᱠᱩᱢ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱲ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱛᱷᱩᱠᱩᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱡᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ * ᱡᱟᱸᱦᱟ interest survey ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱐ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱜᱮ ᱨᱤᱥᱯᱚᱱᱥ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱸᱦᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱚᱬᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱚᱬᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ * ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱢᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ, ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ ᱓᱐ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱔᱐ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱥᱟ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱾ ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱜᱟᱯᱟᱱ ᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱱᱤᱛ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱷᱩᱠᱩᱢ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱲ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱫᱚᱦᱲᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱮᱦᱚᱵᱽ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱨᱤᱠᱟᱹ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱚᱦᱟᱨ [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:ᱤᱧ ᱢᱟᱛᱟᱞ|ᱤᱧ ᱢᱟᱛᱟᱞ]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:ᱤᱧ ᱢᱟᱛᱟᱞ|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱑᱓:᱕᱗, ᱒᱘ ᱚᱜᱚᱥᱴ ᱒᱐᱒᱕ (UTC) == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Temporary accounts will be rolled out soon</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="body"/> Hello, we are the Wikimedia Foundation [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity|Product Safety and Integrity]] team. We would like to announce that '''we plan to enable [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|temporary accounts]] for this wiki in the week of September 1'''. Temporary accounts are successfully live on 30 wikis, including many large ones like German, Japanese, and French. The change they bring is especially relevant to logged-out editors, who this feature is designed to protect. But it is also relevant to community members like mentors, patrollers, and admins – anyone who reverts edits, blocks users, or otherwise interacts with logged-out editors as part of keeping the wikis safe and accurate. '''Why we are building temporary accounts''' Our wikis should be safer to edit by default for logged-out editors. Temporary accounts allow people to continue editing the wikis without creating an account, while avoiding publicly tying their edits to their IP address. We believe this is in the best interest of our logged-out editors, who make valuable contributions to the wikis and who may later create accounts and grow our community of editors, admins, and other roles. Even though the wikis do warn logged-out editors that their IP address will be associated with their edit, many people may not understand what an IP address is, or that it could be used to connect them to other information about them in ways they might not expect. Additionally, our moderation software and tools rely too heavily on network origin (IP addresses) to identify users and patterns of activity, especially as IP addresses themselves are becoming less stable as identifiers. Temporary accounts allow for more precise interactions with logged-out editors, including more precise blocks, and can help limit how often we unintentionally end up blocking good-faith users who use the same IP addresses as bad-faith users. '''How temporary accounts work''' [[File:Temporary account banner and empty talk page.png|thumb]] Any time a logged-out user publishes an edit on this wiki, a cookie will be set in this user's browser, and a temporary account tied with this cookie will be automatically created. This account's name will follow the pattern: <code dir=ltr>~2025-12345-67</code> (a tilde, current year, a number). On pages like Recent Changes or page history, this name will be displayed. The cookie will expire 90 days after its creation. As long as it exists, all edits made from this device will be attributed to this temporary account. It will be the same account even if the IP address changes, unless the user clears their cookies or uses a different device or web browser. A record of the IP address used at the time of each edit will be stored for 90 days after the edit. However, only some logged-in users will be able to see it. '''What does this mean for different groups of users?''' '''For logged-out editors''' * This increases privacy: currently, if you do not use a registered account to edit, then everybody can see the IP address for the edits you made, even after 90 days. That will no longer be possible on this wiki. * If you use a temporary account to edit from different locations in the last 90 days (for example at home and at a coffee shop), the edit history and the IP addresses for all those locations will now be recorded together, for the same temporary account. Users who [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Access_to_temporary_account_IP_addresses|meet the relevant requirements]] will be able to view this data. If this creates any personal security concerns for you, please contact talktohumanrights at wikimedia.org for advice. '''For community members interacting with logged-out editors''' * A temporary account is uniquely linked to a device. In comparison, an IP address can be shared with different devices and people (for example, different people at school or at work might have the same IP address). * Compared to the current situation, it will be safer to assume that a temporary user's talk page belongs to only one person, and messages left there will be read by them. As you can see in the screenshot, temporary account users will receive notifications. It will also be possible to thank them for their edits, ping them in discussions, and invite them to get more involved in the community. '''For users who use IP address data to moderate and maintain the wiki''' * '''For patrollers''' who track persistent abusers, investigate violations of policies, etc.: Users who [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Access_to_temporary_account_IP_addresses|meet the requirements]] will be able to reveal temporary users' IP addresses and all contributions made by temporary accounts from a specific IP address or range ([[Special:IPContributions]]). They will also have access to useful information about the IP addresses thanks to the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/IP Info|IP Info]] feature. Many other pieces of software have been built or adjusted to work with temporary accounts, including AbuseFilter, global blocks, Global User Contributions, and more. (For information for volunteer developers on how to update the code of your tools – see the last part of the message.) * '''For admins blocking logged-out editors''': ** It will be possible to block many abusers by just blocking their temporary accounts. A blocked person won't be able to create new temporary accounts quickly if the admin selects the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Autoblock|autoblock]] option. ** It will still be possible to block an IP address or IP range. * Temporary accounts will not be retroactively applied to contributions made before the deployment. On Special:Contributions, you will be able to see existing IP user contributions, but not new contributions made by temporary accounts on that IP address. Instead, you should use Special:IPContributions for this. '''Our requests for you, and next steps''' * If you know of any tools, bots, gadgets etc. using data about IP addresses or being available for logged-out users, you may want to test if they work on [[testwiki:Main_Page|testwiki]] or [[test2wiki:Main_Page|test2wiki]]. If you are a volunteer developer, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/For developers|read our documentation for developers]], and in particular, the section on [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/For developers#How should I update my code?|how your code might need to be updated]]. * If you want to test the temporary account experience, for example just to check what it feels like, go to testwiki or test2wiki and edit without logging in. * Tell us if you know of any difficulties that need to be addressed. We will try to help, and if we are not able, we will consider the available options. * Look at our [[m:Meta:Babel#Temporary_Accounts:_access_to_IP_addresses_and_next_steps|previous message]] about requirements for users without extended rights who may need access to IP addresses. To learn more about the project, check out [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/FAQ|our FAQ]] – you will find many useful answers there. You may also [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/Updates|look at the updates]] (we have just posted one) and [[mw:Newsletter:Product Safety and Integrity|subscribe to our new newsletter]]. If you'd like to talk to me (Szymon) off-wiki, you will find me on Discord and Telegram. Thank you!<section end="body" /> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:user:NKohli (WMF)|NKohli (WMF)]], [[m:user:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]]</bdi> ᱒᱑:᱓᱖, ᱒᱖ ᱚᱜᱚᱥᱴ ᱒᱐᱒᱕ (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Quiddity_(WMF)/sandbox6&oldid=29181713 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Have your say: vote for the 2025 Board of Trustees</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> Hello all, The voting period for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025|2025 Board of Trustees election]] is now open. Candidates are running for two (2) seats on the Board. To check your voter eligibility, please visit the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Voter eligibility guidelines|voter eligibility page]]. Learn more about them by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Candidates|reading their application statements and watch their candidacy videos]]. When you are ready, go to the [[m:Special:SecurePoll/vote/405|SecurePoll voting page to vote]]. '''The vote is open from October 8 at 00:00 UTC to October 22 at 23:59 UTC.''' Best regards, Abhishek Suryawanshi<br />Chair, Elections Committee<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:MediaWiki message delivery|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱐᱔:᱔᱘, ᱙ ᱚᱠᱴᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱒᱕ (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29360896 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Help us decide the name of the new Abstract Wikipedia project</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="function1"/> {{int:Hello}}. Please help pick a name for the new Abstract Wikipedia wiki project. This project will be a wiki that will enable users to combine functions from [[:f:|Wikifunctions]] and data from Wikidata in order to generate natural language sentences in any supported languages. These sentences can then be used by any Wikipedia (or elsewhere). There will be two rounds of voting, each followed by legal review of candidates, with votes beginning on 20 October and 17 November 2025. Our goal is to have a final project name selected on mid-December 2025. If you would like to participate, then '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Abstract Wikipedia naming contest|please learn more and vote now]]''' at meta-wiki. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} <section end="function1"/> </div> -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) ᱑᱑:᱔᱓, ᱒᱐ ᱚᱠᱴᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱒᱕ (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29432175 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Seeking volunteers to join several of the movement’s committees</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> Each year, typically from October through December, several of the movement’s committees seek new volunteers. Read more about the committees on their Meta-wiki pages: * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee|Affiliations Committee (AffCom)]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ombuds commission|Ombuds commission (OC)]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Legal/Community Resilience and Sustainability/Trust and Safety/Case Review Committee|Case Review Committee (CRC)]] Applications for the committees open on October 30, 2025. Applications for the Affiliations Committee, Ombuds commission and the Case Review Committee close on December 11, 2025. Learn how to apply by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Legal/Committee appointments|visiting the appointment page on Meta-wiki]]. Post to the talk page or email cst[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org with any questions you may have. For the Committee Support team, <section end="announcement-content" /> </div> -[[m:User:MKaur (WMF)| MKaur (WMF)]] ᱑᱔:᱑᱓, ᱓᱐ ᱚᱠᱴᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱒᱕ (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:MKaur (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29517125 --> == 📢 ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ, ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱳ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱒᱕ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ! == [[File:Wikipedia Asian Month Logo.svg|300px|center]] ᱟᱞᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱨᱟᱹᱥᱠᱟᱹ ᱞᱮ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣᱮᱫᱟ ᱡᱮ, ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ, ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱳ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱒᱕ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱑ ᱱᱚᱵᱷᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱓᱑ ᱰᱤᱥᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱒᱕ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ! ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱚᱱᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱹᱬ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ, ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ, ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱥᱚᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ, ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱵᱤᱥᱚᱭ ᱠᱚ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱫᱚᱦᱲᱟ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱟᱢ ᱯᱟᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜᱼᱟ, ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱜᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱮ ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱹᱬᱟ! * 🗓️ ᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤᱠ: ᱑ ᱱᱚᱵᱷᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ – ᱓᱑ ᱰᱤᱥᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱒᱕ * 🌏 ᱵᱤᱥᱚᱭ: ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ — ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢᱠᱚ, ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲᱠᱚ * 🌐 ᱚᱠᱟᱨᱮ: [[ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ:ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱳ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱒᱕|ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ]] * 🤝 ᱚᱠᱚᱭ ᱠᱚᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ: ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱥᱮ ᱪᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱟᱹᱥᱠᱟᱹ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱮᱞᱟᱵᱚᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱳ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱨᱟᱹᱥᱠᱟᱹ ᱨᱮᱵᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱳ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱰᱷᱮᱨ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱵᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱨᱟ ᱵᱩᱨᱩᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱚᱦᱟᱨ [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:ᱤᱧ ᱢᱟᱛᱟᱞ|ᱤᱧ ᱢᱟᱛᱟᱞ]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:ᱤᱧ ᱢᱟᱛᱟᱞ|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱐᱗:᱓᱒, ᱓᱑ ᱚᱠᱴᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱒᱕ (UTC) == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Reminder: Help us decide the name of the new Abstract Wikipedia project</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="function2"/> {{int:Hello}}. Reminder: Please help to choose name for the new Abstract Wikipedia wiki project. The finalist vote starts today. The finalists for the name are: <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Abstract Wikipedia, Multilingual Wikipedia, Wikiabstracts, Wikigenerator, Proto-Wiki</span>. If you would like to participate, then '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Abstract Wikipedia naming contest|please learn more and vote now]]''' at meta-wiki. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} <section end="function2"/> </div> -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) ᱑᱔:᱒᱒, ᱒᱐ ᱱᱚᱵᱷᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱒᱕ (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29583860 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Migration to Parsoid</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> <em>[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Product and Technology/Parsoid Read Views/Read View Announcement|Read this in another language]]</em> Hello everyone! I am glad to inform you that as the next step in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification|Parser Unification]] project, Parsoid will soon be turned on as the default article renderer on your wiki. We are gradually increasing the number of wikis using Parsoid, with the intention of making it the default wikitext parser for MediaWiki's next long-term support release. This will make our wikis more reliable and consistent for editors, readers, and tools to use, as well as making the development of future wikitext features easier. If this disrupts your workflow, don’t worry! You can still opt out through a user preference or turn Parsoid off on the current page using the Tools submenu, as described in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:ParserMigration|Extension:ParserMigration]] documentation. There is [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification/Confidence Framework|more information about our roll-out strategy]] available, including the testing done before we turn on Parsoid for a new wiki. To report bugs and issues, please look at our [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification/Known Issues|known issues]] documentation and if you found a new bug please create a phab ticket and tag the [[phab:project/view/5846|Content Transform Team in Phabricator]]. <section end="announcement-content" /> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[mw:User:ABreault (WMF)|Content Transform Team]]</bdi> ᱐᱐:᱓᱕, ᱖ ᱡᱟᱱᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱒᱐᱒᱖ (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:ABreault (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikimedia_Foundation/Product_and_Technology/Parsoid_Read_Views/2025-12-22_Wikipedias&oldid=29825860 --> == ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱒᱕ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱥᱟᱸᱜᱮ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ (ᱮᱰᱤᱴ-ᱟ-ᱛᱷᱚᱱ) == [[File:WP25 potential birthday logo.svg|center|class=skin-invert|link=ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ:ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱒᱕/ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱒᱕ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱥᱟᱸᱜᱮ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]] '''ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱚᱦᱟᱨ!''' ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱨᱟᱹᱥᱠᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱞᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱚᱪᱚᱭᱮᱫ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱡᱮ, ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱭ ᱠᱟᱱ '''᱑᱕ ᱡᱟᱱᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱒᱐᱒᱖''' ᱦᱤᱞᱚᱜ ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ '''᱒᱕ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ''' ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ '''[[:meta:Wikimedians of Santali Language User Group|ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱢᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟᱱᱥ ᱭᱩᱡᱚᱨ ᱜᱨᱩᱯ]]''' ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱟᱯᱛᱟ ᱵᱷᱩᱨ '''ᱮᱰᱤᱴ-ᱟ-ᱛᱷᱚᱱ''' ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱫᱮᱞᱟᱵᱚᱱ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱥᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱚᱞ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱵᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ * '''ᱚᱠᱛᱚ:''' ᱑᱑ ᱡᱟᱱᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱒᱐᱒᱖ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑᱗ ᱡᱟᱱᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱒᱐᱒᱖ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ * '''ᱥᱟᱛᱟᱢ:''' ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ, ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ, ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱒᱕ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱤᱱ ᱯᱮ: <div style="text-align:center; font-size:120%; margin:10px;"> '''👉 [[ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ:ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱒᱕/ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱒᱕ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱥᱟᱸᱜᱮ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ|ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱒᱕ ᱥᱟᱸᱜᱮ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ]]''' </div> ᱢᱟ ᱛᱚᱵᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱛᱟᱵᱚᱱ ᱯᱮ! '''ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱢᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟᱱᱥ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱞᱮᱝᱜᱽᱣᱮᱡᱽ ᱭᱩᱡᱚᱨ ᱜᱨᱩᱯ''', ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:ᱤᱧ ᱢᱟᱛᱟᱞ|ᱤᱧ ᱢᱟᱛᱟᱞ]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:ᱤᱧ ᱢᱟᱛᱟᱞ|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱑᱓:᱕᱖, ᱑᱐ ᱡᱟᱱᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱒᱐᱒᱖ (UTC) == Feminism and Folklore 2026 starts soon == <div style="border:8px maroon ridge;padding:6px;"> [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2026 logo.svg|centre|550px|frameless]] ::<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <div style="text-align: center; width: 100%;">''{{int:please-translate}}''</div> ;Invitation to Organize Feminism and Folklore 2026 Dear Wiki Community, We are pleased to invite Wikimedia communities, affiliates, and independent contributors to organize the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026]]''' writing competition on your local Wikipedia. The international campaign will run from '''1 February to 31 March 2026''' and aims to improve coverage of feminism, women’s histories, gender-related topics, and folk culture across Wikipedia projects. ;About the Campaign '''Feminism and Folklore''' is a global writing initiative that complements the '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2026|Wiki Loves Folklore]]''' photography competition. While Wiki Loves Folklore focuses on visual documentation, this writing campaign addresses the '''gender gap on Wikipedia''' by improving encyclopedic content related to folk culture and marginalized voices. ;What Can Participants Write About? Communities can contribute by creating, expanding, or translating articles related to: * Folk festivals, rituals, and celebrations * Folk dances, music, and traditional performances * Women and queer figures in folklore * Women in mythology and oral traditions * Women warriors, witches, and witch-hunting narratives * Fairy tales, folk stories, and legends * Folk games, sports, and cultural practices Participants may work from curated article lists or generate new article suggestions using campaign tools. ;How to Sign Up as an Organizer Organizers are requested to complete the following steps to register their community: # Create a local project page on your wiki [[:m:Feminism and Folklore/Sample|(see sample)]] # Set up the campaign using the '''CampWiz''' tool # Prepare a local article list and clearly mention: #* Campaign timeline #* Local and international prizes # Request a site notice from local administrators [[:mr:Template:SN-FNF|(see sample)]] # Add your local project page and CampWiz link to the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026/Project Page|Meta project page]]''' ;Campaign Tools The Wiki Loves Folklore Tech Team has introduced tools to support organizers and participants: * '''Article List Generator by Topic''' – Helps identify articles available on English Wikipedia but missing in your local language Wikipedia. The tool allows customized filters and provides downloadable article lists in CSV and wikitable formats. * '''CampWiz''' – Enables communities to manage writing campaigns effectively, including jury-based evaluation. This will be the third year CampWiz is officially used for Feminism and Folklore. Both tools are now available for use in the campaign. '''[https://tools.wikilovesfolklore.org/ Click here to access the tools]''' ;Learn More & Get Support For detailed information about rules, timelines, and prizes, please visit the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026 project page]]'''. If you have any questions or need assistance, feel free to reach out via: * '''[[:m:Talk:Feminism and Folklore 2026/Project Page|Meta talk page]]''' * Email us using details on the contact page. ;Join Us We look forward to your collaboration and coordination in making Feminism and Folklore 2026 a meaningful and impactful campaign for closing gender gaps and enriching folk culture content on Wikipedia. Thank you and best wishes, '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026 International Team]]''' ---- ''Stay connected:'' [[File:B&W Facebook icon.png|link=https://www.facebook.com/feminismandfolklore/|30x30px]]&nbsp; [[File:B&W Twitter icon.png|link=https://twitter.com/wikifolklore|30x30px]] </div></div> == Invitation to Host Wiki Loves Folklore 2026 in Your Country == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <div style="text-align: center; width: 100%;">''{{int:please-translate}}''</div> [[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|150px|frameless]] Hello everyone, We are delighted to invite Wikimedia affiliates, user groups, and community organizations worldwide to participate in '''Wiki Loves Folklore 2026''', an international initiative dedicated to documenting and celebrating folk culture across the globe. ;About Wiki Loves Folklore '''Wiki Loves Folklore''' is an annual international photography competition hosted on Wikimedia Commons. The campaign runs from '''1 February to 31 March 2026''' and encourages photographers, cultural enthusiasts, and community members to contribute photographs that highlight: * Folk traditions and rituals * Cultural festivals and celebrations * Traditional attire and crafts * Performing arts, music, and dance * Everyday practices rooted in folk heritage Through this campaign, we aim to preserve and promote diverse folk cultures and make them freely accessible to the world. [[:c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Folklore_2026|Project page on Wikimedia Commons]] ; Host a Local Edition As we celebrate the '''eight edition''' of Wiki Loves Folklore, we warmly invite communities to organize a local edition in their country or region. Hosting a local campaign is a great opportunity to: * Increase visibility of your region’s folk culture * Engage new contributors in your community * Enrich Wikimedia Commons with high-quality cultural content '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Folklore_2026/Organize|Sign up to organize]]:''' If your team prefers to organize the competition in ''either February or March only'', please feel free to let us know. If you are unable to organize, we encourage you to share this opportunity with other interested groups or organizations in your region. ;Get in Touch If you have any questions, need support, or would like to explore collaboration opportunities, please feel free to contact us via: * The project Talk pages * Email: '''support@wikilovesfolklore.org''' We are also happy to connect via an online meeting if your team would like to discuss planning or coordination in more detail. Warm regards, '''The Wiki Loves Folklore International Team''' </div> [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:MediaWiki message delivery|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱑᱓:᱒᱑, ᱑᱘ ᱡᱟᱱᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱒᱐᱒᱖ (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery/Wikipedia&oldid=29228188 --> == ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱟᱪᱟᱨ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱨᱤᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱩ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱤᱥ-ᱦᱩᱫᱤᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱵᱤᱰᱟᱹᱣ == <section begin="announcement-content" /> ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱟᱪᱟᱨ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱨᱤᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱩ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱤᱥ-ᱦᱩᱫᱤᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱵᱤᱰᱟᱹᱣ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱱᱤᱛ ᱡᱷᱤᱡ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱚᱪᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱤᱧ ᱱᱚᱣᱟᱧ ᱚᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱟᱯᱮ ᱙ ᱯᱷᱮᱵᱨᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱒᱐᱒᱖ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱤᱥ-ᱦᱩᱫᱤᱥ ᱯᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱵᱤᱰᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱯ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱫᱷᱟᱯ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2026|ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱰᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱯᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱴᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ UCoC ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱯᱮ]]᱾ [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱟᱪᱟᱨ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱨᱤᱛ ᱠᱚᱨᱰᱤᱱᱮᱴᱤᱝ ᱠᱚᱢᱤᱴᱤ]] (U4C) ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱫᱚᱞ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ UCoC ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱩ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱵᱤᱰᱟᱹᱣ ᱫᱚ U4C ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱩ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱰᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱟᱨ U4C ᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|ᱟᱯᱮ U4C ᱪᱟᱨᱴᱚᱨ (Charter) ᱯᱮ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ]]᱾ ᱫᱟᱭᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱰᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱯᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱢᱩᱱᱤᱴᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱩᱪᱤᱛ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ, ᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱠᱟᱜ ᱯᱮ᱾ -- U4C ᱥᱟᱶ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱜᱚᱯᱚᱲᱚ ᱨᱮ, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|ᱠᱤᱜᱳᱱ (ᱰᱟᱹᱵᱽᱞᱩ.ᱮᱢ.ᱮᱯᱷ)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]])<section end="announcement-content" /> ᱒᱑:᱐᱑, ᱑᱙ ᱡᱟᱱᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱒᱐᱒᱖ (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29905753 --> == Technical == I want to make new words in santhali language related to technology [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:ᱥᱳᱢᱤᱨ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ|ᱥᱳᱢᱤᱨ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:ᱥᱳᱢᱤᱨ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱐᱘:᱒᱓, ᱓ ᱢᱟᱨᱪ ᱒᱐᱒᱖ (UTC) ==ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱡᱚᱝ== ᱡᱚᱦᱟᱨ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱨᱟᱹᱥᱠᱟᱹᱧ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱮ, ᱟᱵᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ Relicensing, Digitisation, ᱟᱨ Wikisource ᱞᱟᱦᱟ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱯᱷᱟᱱᱰ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱨᱡᱤ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ: * ᱨᱤᱞᱟᱭᱥᱮᱱᱥᱤᱝ: ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱚᱯᱤᱨᱟᱭᱤᱴ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱹᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱾ * ᱰᱤᱡᱤᱴᱟᱭᱡᱮᱥᱚᱱ: ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱰᱤᱡᱤᱴᱟᱞ ᱨᱩᱯ ᱮᱢ ᱾ * ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱥᱳᱨᱥ: ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱣᱤᱠᱤ-ᱥᱚᱨᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱛ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱯᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱩᱫᱤ ᱟᱯᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱩᱠᱞᱤ ᱥᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ, ᱫᱟᱭᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱛᱟᱵᱚᱱ ᱯᱮ ᱾ ᱡᱚᱦᱟᱨ [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:ᱤᱧ ᱢᱟᱛᱟᱞ|ᱤᱧ ᱢᱟᱛᱟᱞ]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:ᱤᱧ ᱢᱟᱛᱟᱞ|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱑᱔:᱓᱖, ᱒᱔ ᱢᱟᱨᱪ ᱒᱐᱒᱖ (UTC) == ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱠᱚᱱᱯᱷᱟᱨᱮᱱᱥ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱒᱐᱒᱖ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱠᱚᱞᱟᱨᱥᱤᱯ ᱟᱯᱞᱤᱠᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱡᱷᱤᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ == ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱠᱚᱜᱮ ᱡᱚᱦᱟᱨ, ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱠᱚᱱᱯᱷᱟᱨᱮᱱᱥ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱒᱐᱒᱖ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱠᱚᱞᱟᱨᱥᱤᱯ ᱟᱯᱞᱤᱠᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱡᱷᱤᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱚᱱᱯᱷᱟᱨᱮᱱᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱔ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱖ ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱒᱖ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱠᱳᱪᱤ, ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱠᱚᱱᱯᱷᱟᱨᱮᱱᱥ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ, ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱢᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟᱱ, ᱠᱚᱢᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱴᱤ ᱚᱨᱜᱟᱱᱟᱭᱡᱚᱨ, ᱟᱨ ᱮᱱᱮᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱟᱹᱜᱩ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱭ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱯᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ, ᱪᱮᱫᱚᱜ, ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱲᱟ ᱜᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱦᱩᱞᱥᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡᱽ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱡᱩᱫᱤ ᱟᱢ ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱢᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱮᱱᱮᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱥᱮ ᱠᱚᱢᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱴᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱢᱟ, ᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱟᱢ ᱥᱠᱚᱞᱟᱨᱥᱤᱯ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱟᱯᱞᱟᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱟᱨᱫᱟᱥ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱵᱤᱥᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱱᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱢᱮ᱾ 🙂 [[diffblog:2026/03/19/namukku-othukoodam-scholarships-now-open-for-wikiconference-india-2026/|diff post]] ᱟᱯᱞᱟᱭ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱢᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ: [᱑᱕ ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱞ ᱒᱐᱒᱖ ᱑᱑:᱕᱙ p.m. IST] ᱟᱯᱞᱤᱠᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱞᱤᱸᱠ: [[https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdA3rR9xX_k31dzJrjM5MTDNYNUIRcAB45S4TflsYCbGJNrzg/viewform application link]] ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ: [<nowiki/>[[metawiki:WikiConference_India_2026/Scholarship|Meta page link]]] ᱫᱟᱭᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱟᱯᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱢᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱴᱤ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱢᱮ᱾ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱥᱟᱨᱦᱟᱣ᱾ ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱠᱚᱱᱯᱷᱟᱨᱮᱱᱥ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱒᱐᱒᱖ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:Athulvis|Athulvis]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:Athulvis|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱐᱔:᱒᱑, ᱒᱙ ᱢᱟᱨᱪ ᱒᱐᱒᱖ (UTC) == ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱠᱚᱱᱯᱷᱟᱨᱮᱱᱥ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱒᱐᱒᱖ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱠᱚᱞᱟᱨᱥᱤᱯ ᱟᱯᱞᱤᱠᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱡᱷᱤᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ == ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱠᱚᱜᱮ ᱡᱚᱦᱟᱨ, ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱠᱚᱱᱯᱷᱟᱨᱮᱱᱥ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱒᱐᱒᱖ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱠᱚᱞᱟᱨᱥᱤᱯ ᱟᱯᱞᱤᱠᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱡᱷᱤᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱚᱱᱯᱷᱟᱨᱮᱱᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱔ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱖ ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱒᱖ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱠᱳᱪᱤ, ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱠᱚᱱᱯᱷᱟᱨᱮᱱᱥ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ, ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱢᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟᱱ, ᱠᱚᱢᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱴᱤ ᱚᱨᱜᱟᱱᱟᱭᱡᱚᱨ, ᱟᱨ ᱮᱱᱮᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱟᱹᱜᱩ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱭ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱯᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ, ᱪᱮᱫᱚᱜ, ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱲᱟ ᱜᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱦᱩᱞᱥᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡᱽ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱡᱩᱫᱤ ᱟᱢ ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱢᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱮᱱᱮᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱥᱮ ᱠᱚᱢᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱴᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱢᱟ, ᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱟᱢ ᱥᱠᱚᱞᱟᱨᱥᱤᱯ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱟᱯᱞᱟᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱟᱨᱫᱟᱥ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱵᱤᱥᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱱᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱢᱮ᱾ 🙂 [[diffblog:2026/03/19/namukku-othukoodam-scholarships-now-open-for-wikiconference-india-2026/|diff post]] ᱟᱯᱞᱟᱭ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱢᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ: [᱑᱕ ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱞ ᱒᱐᱒᱖ ᱑᱑:᱕᱙ p.m. IST] ᱟᱯᱞᱤᱠᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱞᱤᱸᱠ: [[https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdA3rR9xX_k31dzJrjM5MTDNYNUIRcAB45S4TflsYCbGJNrzg/viewform application link]] ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ: [<nowiki/>[[metawiki:WikiConference_India_2026/Scholarship|Meta page link]]] ᱫᱟᱭᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱟᱯᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱢᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱴᱤ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱢᱮ᱾ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱥᱟᱨᱦᱟᱣ᱾ ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱠᱚᱱᱯᱷᱟᱨᱮᱱᱥ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱒᱐᱒᱖ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:Athulvis|Athulvis]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:Athulvis|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱐᱔:᱒᱒, ᱒᱙ ᱢᱟᱨᱪ ᱒᱐᱒᱖ (UTC) == Join the sixth Ukraine’s Cultural Diplomacy Month on Wikipedia! == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Ukraine’s Cultural Diplomacy Month on Wikipedia 2026.png|right|250px|thumb|link=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Ukraine%27s_Cultural_Diplomacy_Month_2026|Join our campaign!]] {{int:please-translate}} Dear Wikipedians! [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Ukraine|Wikimedia Ukraine]], in cooperation with the [[:en:Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine|MFA of Ukraine]] and [[:en:Ukrainian Institute|Ukrainian Institute]], has launched the sixth edition of writing challenge "'''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month]]'''", which lasts from '''1st April''' until '''30th April 2026'''. The initiative aims to promote knowledge about Ukrainian culture abroad by creating and improving Wikipedia articles in multiple languages. This year marks the sixth edition of the campaign, which will focus on contemporary culture, making today’s artistic voices and practices more visible to international audiences. 🧩'''How to participate?''' Choose an article from the suggested list → Write an article in your language, or improve an existing one according to the rules → Add your contribution to the contest page and calculate your points → Win prizes and receive a certificate of participation → Become a promoter of truthful knowledge about Ukraine. 🧩'''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|Check our main page for more information]]'''. '''If you are interested in coordinating long-term community engagement for the campaign and becoming a local ambassador, we would love to hear from you! Please let us know your interest.''' If not, then we encourage you to translate the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|landing page of the contest]] and [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MessageGroupStats?group=Centralnotice-tgroup-UCDM2026banner&messages=&language=en&x=D banner] into your own language. Also, we set up a [[:m:CentralNotice/Request/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|banner]] to notify users of the possibility to participate in this challenge! [[:m:User:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)]] ([[:m:User talk:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|talk]]) 04:35, 1 April 2026 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:OlesiaLukaniuk_(WMUA)/list_of_wikis&oldid=28552112 --> == Our knowledge is spoken, not written. Help us change how Wikipedia cites them! == Johar to all Santali Wikimedians! Apologies for writing in English. South Asia has nearly 800 languages, most of which are spoken, not written. The knowledge of these communities is oral — yet Wikipedia and other Wikimedia projects require written citations. We are building a process that lets Wikimedians cite oral knowledge from Adivasi and other low-resourced language communities. We have documented oral histories in nearly 20 languages from India, Nepal, and Sri Lanka. Read our proposal and, if you support this work, [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Grants_talk:Programs/Wikimedia_Community_Fund/General_Support_Fund/Building_multimedia,_technological,_educational_%26_citable_resources_for_South_Asian_%26_other_low-resourced_languages&action=edit&section=2 '''endorse'''] it. === Proposal Summary === Proposal summary (read [[:m:Grants:Programs/Wikimedia Community Fund/General Support Fund/Building multimedia, technological, educational & citable resources for South Asian & other low-resourced languages|full proposal]]): This proposed 2nd phase (July 2026–June 2027) will build on a successful Phase 1 to bring oral histories from Indigenous and low-resourced South Asian languages into Wikimedia projects. The audio and video are community-reviewed and can be cited on Wikimedia projects as sources. ;Problem we're addressing: * Oral knowledge from Indigenous and minoritised language communities is largely absent from Wikimedia projects — not because it doesn't exist, but because there are no clear, trusted process to document, subtitle, and cite it. * Existing Wikimedia citation rules benefit written, institutionally published sources such as books, leaving oral traditions structurally excluded. * Communities with existing audio/video archives (radio programmes, field recordings) cannot use them on Wikipedia due to gaps in digitisation tools, subtitling capacity, and citation infrastructure. * Collaborating with Santali and other communities to organise Wiki Loves Languages ([[ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ:ᱣᱤᱠᱤ ᱫᱩᱞᱟᱹᱲᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱥᱟᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣ ᱒᱐᱒᱖|ᱣᱤᱠᱤ ᱫᱩᱞᱟᱹᱲᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱥᱟᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣ ᱒᱐᱒᱖]]) campaign and improve Wikipedia content about languages ;What we are building: * Support OpenSpeaks Fellows across five language clusters (eastern, northern, and southern India; Nepal; Sri Lanka) to record, subtitle, review, and bring oral histories on Wikimedia Commons, and improve Wikipedia, Wikidata, and Wikisource. * Help pilot WikiVoice: experimental infrastructure (from the Wikimedia Futures Lab) for language archivists to publish oral knowledge and generate references for Wikimedia projects. * Explore AI-assisted speech-to-text for languages with legacy audio-video archives. * Produce open educational resources (OERs) on Meta/Wikiversity so other archivist-Wikimedians can replicate the model. ;Timeline (July 2026–June 2027): * '''Q1''': Onboard fellows and partners; co-design WikiVoice roadmap; run FAIR–CARE training * '''Q2''': Begin documentation and digitisation pilots; start subtitling with AI-STT where appropriate * '''Q3''': Scale documentation across all clusters; test WikiVoice citation workflows * '''Q4''': Consolidate outputs; publish documentation; evaluate and plan for Year 3 [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:Psubhashish|Psubhashish]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:Psubhashish|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱐᱖:᱑᱕, ᱒ ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱞ ᱒᱐᱒᱖ (UTC) :Johar (ᱡᱚᱦᱟᱨ) , @[[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:Psubhashish|Psubhashish]] Bhai :Thank you for the proposal, it looks good for community like Santali having low resoursce. It will be very much helpful if this project work on. Further I would suggest a online call on zoom or google for more understanding and plannings. [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:R Ashwani Banjan Murmu|R Ashwani Banjan Murmu]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:R Ashwani Banjan Murmu|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱐᱔:᱒᱓, ᱓ ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱞ ᱒᱐᱒᱖ (UTC) ::Thank you @[[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:R Ashwani Banjan Murmu|R Ashwani Banjan Murmu]] bhai, let's speak tomorrow late evening at 9pm then. https://calendar.app.google/b4Poi3xKhsX1thwCA [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:Psubhashish|Psubhashish]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:Psubhashish|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱐᱖:᱐᱗, ᱓ ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱞ ᱒᱐᱒᱖ (UTC) :::Johar everyone. Thanks much for joining the call last night. I got to learn the wonderful language documentation work Santali Wikimedians in Jharkhand, Odisha, West Bengal and Bangladesh are doing. As some of you asked, sharing a few links that we discussed: :::* [[m:OpenSpeaks/Archives|OpenSpeaks Archives]], the project page with details :::* A [[m:OpenSpeaks/Oral_History_Framework|framework]] we've co-created to help with language documentation practices :::* A [[m:OpenSpeaks/Captioning|guide]] to help with captioning/subtitling :::* [[m:OpenSpeaks/Tools|Tools]] to help with various aspects of language documentation and archiving (preserving) :::[[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:Psubhashish|Psubhashish]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:Psubhashish|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱐᱖:᱑᱖, ᱗ ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱞ ᱒᱐᱒᱖ (UTC) ::::Please also share a few tentative options for the training session we discussed of. We can plan for a day all/most of us are available. [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:Psubhashish|Psubhashish]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:Psubhashish|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱐᱙:᱔᱗, ᱗ ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱞ ᱒᱐᱒᱖ (UTC) == Request for comment (global AI policy) == <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Apologies for writing in English. {{int:Please-translate}} A [[:m:Requests for comment/Artificial intelligence policy|request for comment]] is currently being held to decide on a global AI policy. {{int:Feedback-thanks-title}} [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:MediaWiki message delivery|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱐᱐:᱕᱘, ᱒᱖ ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱞ ᱒᱐᱒᱖ (UTC) </bdi> <!-- Message sent by User:Codename Noreste@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=30424282 --> == Language documentation and archiving workshop == Johar, we welcome applications for a workshop series on low-resourced language documentation & archiving. There will be seven online sessions and a day-long in-person workshop at Kochi (as a WikiConference India side-event) on 7 September. We are developing a curriculum, an ethical framework, a guide to captioning, and a set of open source tools to use, improve and distribute to the participabt. '''[[:m:OpenSpeaks/Community language documentation and archiving training/1|APPLY]]''' here! ''Please do spread the word among interested participants and help translate the workshop page.'' [[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ:Psubhashish|Psubhashish]] ([[ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ:Psubhashish|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]]) ᱑᱗:᱓᱙, ᱔ ᱢᱮ ᱒᱐᱒᱖ (UTC) == ᱒᱐᱒᱖ ᱭᱩ᱔ᱥᱤ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱵᱷᱚᱴ ᱮᱢ ᱢᱮ == <section begin="announcement-content" /> ᱦᱚᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱷᱚᱴᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱒᱐᱒᱖ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱵᱷᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱠᱳᱰ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱠᱚᱱᱰᱚᱠᱴ ᱠᱚᱼᱳᱨᱰᱤᱱᱮᱴᱤᱝ ᱠᱚᱢᱤᱴᱤ]] ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱱᱮᱦᱚᱨ ᱮᱢ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱡᱚᱝ – ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱦᱚᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱤᱰᱟᱹᱣ, ᱵᱷᱚᱴ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱡᱚᱝ, ᱠᱮᱱᱰᱤᱰᱮᱴ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱡᱚᱝ, ᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱚᱴ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱤᱸᱠ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱮ – ᱢᱮᱴᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026|᱒᱐᱒᱖ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱡᱚᱝ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ]] ᱨᱮ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱷᱚᱴ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱒ ᱡᱩᱱ ᱒᱐᱒᱖ ᱨᱮ [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1780358400 00:00 UTC] ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱢᱟᱜ ᱟᱠᱟᱣᱩᱱᱴ ᱦᱚᱠᱟᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱫᱟᱭᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱷᱚᱴ ᱮᱢ ᱢᱮ ᱾ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱔ ᱡᱩᱱ ᱒᱐᱒᱖ ᱥᱩᱫᱷᱟᱹ ᱛᱮ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ -- ᱭᱩ᱔ᱥᱤ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱜᱚᱯᱚᱲᱚ ᱛᱮ,<section end="announcement-content" /> [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) ᱑᱗:᱑᱔, ᱒᱗ ᱢᱮ ᱒᱐᱒᱖ (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=30513860 --> == RFC about AI-generated content in Wikimedia Commons == <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">Apologies for writing in English, please help translate this message to your language. You are invited to participate in a [[c:Commons:Requests for comment/Policy update for AI content|request for comment on Wikimedia Commons about a policy update for AI content]]. This may affect files that are uploaded to Wikimedia Commons for use on this project. Thank you. [[m:User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]] ([[m:User talk:Codename Noreste|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]])</bdi> ᱑᱗:᱑᱑, ᱒᱓ ᱡᱩᱱ ᱒᱐᱒᱖ (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Codename Noreste@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=30513860 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Deployment of Legal and Safety Contacts Link in the Footer of Your Wiki</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="Message"/> '''Legal & Safety Contacts''' Hello community, the Wikimedia Foundation has provided a [[wmf:Special:MyLanguage/Legal:Wikimedia Foundation Legal and Safety Contact Information|single legal and safety contact page]], to be linked in the footer of your wiki, to ensure access to accurate legal information. This is a regulatory requirement. We have already rolled out links to English, German, Italian, Spanish and other wikis and we will deploy to your wiki soon. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Legal_and_Safety_Contacts_FAQ|Please read more on the project page]] and leave any comments in this thread or on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Legal and Safety Contacts FAQ|talk page]]. <section end="Message"/> </div> -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) ᱑᱓:᱓᱐, ᱒᱕ ᱡᱩᱱ ᱒᱐᱒᱖ (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Sannita_(WMF)/Mass_sending_test&oldid=30731267 --> jbsxat59jf4wxs6l55bhxausk15zc70 0 1079 193165 131042 2026-06-26T10:54:30Z InternetArchiveBot 3665 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 193165 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Red_tikka_powder.jpg|thumb|ᱥᱤᱱᱫᱩᱨ]] ᱥᱤᱱᱫᱩᱨ ᱥᱮ ᱥᱤᱸᱫᱩᱨ (en: '''[[:en:Vermilion|Vermilion]])''' ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱞᱟ.ᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ |ᱧᱮᱞ ᱡᱚᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱨᱟᱜ/ᱜᱤᱨᱩ ᱨᱚᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱩᱱᱰᱟ. ᱜᱮᱭᱟ| ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱪᱚᱞᱚᱛ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱟ.ᱜᱩ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ,ᱤᱠᱷᱟ.ᱱ ᱵᱮᱣᱦᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟ.ᱶᱛᱟ ᱟ.ᱨᱤ ᱟ.ᱱᱩᱡ ᱡᱩᱫᱟ./ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ| ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱜᱩᱨᱩ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱚᱝᱜᱟ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱᱟ| ᱵᱚᱝᱜᱟ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ,ᱵᱮᱦᱟ ᱵᱟᱯᱞᱟ,ᱥᱟ.ᱜᱩᱱ ᱠᱟ.ᱢᱤ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱵᱤᱥᱛᱤ ᱪᱚᱞᱚᱛ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜ-ᱟ| ᱵᱚᱝᱜᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱥᱩᱯᱩᱨ ᱥᱟ.ᱜᱟ.ᱭ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱦᱟᱭᱟ,ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱤᱱ ᱰᱟ.ᱱᱴᱤᱡ ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱦᱚᱸᱠᱚ ᱞᱟ.ᱭᱟ |ᱵᱮᱣᱦᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ-ᱟ|ᱵᱩᱜᱤ,ᱥᱟ.ᱜᱩᱱ ᱠᱟ.ᱢᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱡᱚᱢ ᱛᱤᱛᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟ.ᱲᱤᱡ ᱠᱟ.ᱢᱤ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱞᱮᱸᱜᱟ ᱛᱤᱛᱮᱠᱚ ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱣᱟ| ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱜᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱜᱤᱫᱟ.ᱨ ᱵᱚᱦᱚᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱱᱫᱩᱨ ᱮ ᱞᱟᱜᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱜᱟᱣ ᱟᱫᱮ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱵᱟ.ᱜᱩᱶᱟ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱛᱟᱭ ᱢᱮᱴᱟᱣᱜ-ᱟ| == Gallery == <gallery> File:Cinnabar-172403.jpg|[[Cinnabar]] crystals from the [[Almaden Mine]] in northern California File:Cinnabar-3d6b.jpg|Cinnabar crystals on [[dolomite]] from [[Tongren Prefecture]], [[Guizhou]], China File:Paolo Uccello 035.jpg|Vermilion has the defect of darkening with time. The bridle of the horse in ''The Battle of San Romano'' by [[Paolo Uccello]] in the National Gallery in London has turned from red to dark brown.<ref name="Bomford Roy page 41"/> </gallery> == ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱧᱮᱞᱢᱮ == *[[:en:Red|Red]] * Persian red ("artificial vermilion") *[[:en:List_of_colors|List of colors]] * List of inorganic pigments *[[:en:Kumkum|Kumkum]] == ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ == * [http://www.npi.gov.au/substances/mercury/index.html National Pollutant Inventory: Mercury and compounds fact sheet] * <span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Pigments+through+the+Ages&rft.atitle=Vermilion&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwebexhibits.org%2Fpigments%2Findiv%2Foverview%2Fvermilion.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVermilion" class="Z3988"></span> * <span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Causes+of+Color&rft.atitle=Why+are+cinnabar%2C+vermilion%2C+and+cadmium+orange+colored%3F&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwebexhibits.org%2Fcausesofcolor%2F10.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVermilion" class="Z3988"></span> * [http://www.consultsos.com/pandora/in210102.htm More information in Medical Dictionary] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190111144157/http://www.consultsos.com/pandora/in210102.htm |date=2019-01-11 }} * [http://colourlex.com/project/vermilion/ Vermilion] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150413151225/http://colourlex.com/project/vermilion/ |date=2015-04-13 }}, Colourlex * == ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ == [[Category:!Main category]] sswrukr88lqyq9j2fszzwoe8lzm4x6j 0 2837 193151 193092 2026-06-26T04:44:47Z InternetArchiveBot 3665 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 193151 wikitext text/x-wiki '''ᱠᱩᱸᱡᱚᱨᱟ.ᱱᱤ ᱫᱮᱵᱤ''' ᱯᱩᱨᱟ. ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ '''ᱱᱚᱢᱚᱭᱨᱚᱠᱯᱚᱢ ᱠᱩᱸᱡᱚᱨᱟ.ᱱᱤ ᱫᱮᱵᱤ''' (ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ : ᱑ ᱢᱟᱨᱪ ᱑᱙᱖᱘) ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟ. ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟ. ᱦᱟᱢᱟᱞ ᱛᱩᱞ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ ᱠᱷᱮᱞᱚᱸᱰᱤᱭᱟ. ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ==ᱦᱟᱨᱟᱵᱳᱨᱳ== ᱠᱩᱸᱡᱚᱨᱟ.ᱱᱤ ᱫᱮᱵᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱢᱟᱨᱪ ᱜᱮᱞ ᱟᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱛᱩᱨᱩᱭ ᱜᱮᱞ ᱤᱨᱟ.ᱞ ᱥᱟᱞᱮᱨᱮ(1st March 1968) ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱝ ᱢᱚᱬᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱤᱢᱯᱷᱟᱞ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱠᱟ.ᱭᱨᱟᱝ ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱭᱤ ᱞᱮᱭᱠᱟᱭᱤ ᱟ.ᱛᱩᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱚᱞᱚᱜ ᱯᱚᱲᱦᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱞᱟ.ᱜᱤᱫ ᱤᱢᱯᱷᱟᱞ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱝ ᱥᱤᱱᱰᱟᱢ ᱥᱤᱱᱥᱟᱝ ᱛᱟᱱᱟᱞᱟ ᱤᱛᱩᱱ ᱟᱥᱲᱟ ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱵᱷᱩᱨᱛᱤ ᱞᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱜᱮᱞ ᱟᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱮᱭᱟᱭᱜᱮᱞ ᱤᱨᱟ.ᱞ (1978) ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱤᱛᱩᱱ ᱟᱥᱲᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱺᱭ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟ.ᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱥᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱝ ᱥᱩᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱩᱸᱡᱚᱨᱟ.ᱱᱤ ᱫᱮᱵᱤ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱥᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫᱚᱜ ᱾ ᱛᱟᱱᱟᱞᱟ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱩᱞᱩᱡ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱷᱤᱞᱚᱸᱰ ᱦᱮᱯᱮᱨᱟᱣ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱟ.ᱰᱤ ᱨᱟ.ᱥᱠᱟ. ᱥᱟᱛᱞᱟᱜᱼᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱾ ᱤᱢᱯᱷᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱝ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱵᱩᱫᱷᱚ ᱪᱚᱱᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱥᱚᱱᱮᱨ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟ. ᱜᱟᱲ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱚᱱᱮᱨ ᱮ ᱥᱟ.ᱛ ᱛᱮᱫᱚ ᱦᱟᱢᱟᱞ ᱛᱩᱞ ᱦᱮᱯᱮᱨᱟᱣ ᱠᱷᱤᱞᱚᱸᱰ ᱜᱮ ᱟ.ᱰᱤ ᱠᱩᱥᱤᱭᱟᱫᱼᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱥᱟ.ᱛ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱥᱮᱱᱴᱨᱟᱞ ᱨᱤᱡᱟᱨᱵ ᱯᱩᱞᱤᱥ ᱯᱷᱳᱨᱥ (CRPF) ᱨᱮ ᱪᱟ.ᱠᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫᱚᱜ ᱾ ᱯᱩᱞᱤᱥ ᱯᱷᱳᱨᱥ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱢᱟᱞ ᱛᱩᱞ ᱦᱮᱯᱮᱨᱟᱣ ᱠᱷᱤᱞᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱟ.ᱰᱤ ᱟ.ᱰᱤ ᱥᱟᱨᱦᱟᱣᱱᱟᱣ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱠᱚᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱟ.ᱥᱠᱟ. ᱧᱮᱞᱛᱮ ᱑᱙᱙᱖ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑᱙᱙᱘ (1996-98) ᱫᱷᱟ.ᱵᱤᱡ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱯᱩᱞᱤᱥ ᱯᱷᱳᱨᱥ ᱦᱟᱢᱟᱞ ᱛᱩᱞ ᱴᱤᱢ ᱟ.ᱜᱩᱣᱟ.ᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱞᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ==ᱠᱷᱮᱞ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ== ᱑᱙᱘᱕ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱡᱟ.ᱛᱤᱭᱟ.ᱨᱤ ᱦᱟᱢᱟᱞ ᱛᱩᱞ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟ.ᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ (Gold Medal) ᱜᱮ ᱵᱤᱥᱛᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱔᱔kg,᱔᱖kg ᱟᱨ ᱔᱘ kg ᱦᱟ.ᱴᱤᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱔᱘kg ᱦᱟ.ᱴᱤᱧ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱟᱢᱟᱞ ᱛᱩᱞ ᱦᱮᱯᱮᱨᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱪᱟ.ᱫ ᱦᱟ.ᱴᱤᱧ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱘᱗ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱨᱤᱵᱮᱱᱫᱨᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱦᱟᱢᱟᱞ ᱛᱩᱞ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱡᱟ.ᱛᱤᱭᱟ.ᱨᱤ ᱨᱮᱠᱚᱨᱰ ᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱔᱔kg ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱔᱖kg ᱦᱟ.ᱴᱤᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱙᱙᱔ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱩᱱᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱦᱟᱢᱟᱞ ᱛᱩᱞ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟ.(Gold Medal) ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱯᱩᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱢᱚᱬᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭᱞᱮᱱ ᱔᱘ kg ᱦᱟ.ᱴᱤᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱟ.ᱛᱤᱨ ᱯᱩᱱᱮ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟ. ᱫᱚᱠᱚ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟ.(Silver Medal) ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱛᱟᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱘᱙ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱸᱜᱞᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱱᱪᱮᱥᱴᱮᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟ.ᱨᱤ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱢᱟᱞ ᱛᱩᱞ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟ.ᱨᱤ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟ.ᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱩᱭᱠᱩ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟ.ᱨᱤ ᱦᱟᱢᱟᱞ ᱛᱩᱞ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟ. ᱧᱟᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟ.ᱰᱤ ᱠᱩᱥᱤ ᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱠᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟ. ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱟ.ᱜᱤᱫ ᱾ ᱚᱲᱟᱛᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱱ ᱯᱟᱱᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱮᱭᱟᱭ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟ.ᱨᱤ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱢᱟᱞ ᱛᱩᱞ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟ.ᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱚᱠᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟ. (Gold medal ) ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱤᱥᱛᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟ.(Silver Medal) ᱜᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱙᱐ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱤᱡᱤᱸ ᱟᱨ ᱑᱙᱙᱔ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱤᱨᱳᱥᱤᱢᱟ ᱮᱥᱤᱟᱱ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱢᱟᱞ ᱛᱩᱞ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱮᱥᱟᱨ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟ.(Bronze Medal) ᱜᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱑᱙᱙᱘ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱵᱮᱸᱠᱚᱠ ᱮᱥᱤᱟᱱ ᱦᱟᱢᱟᱞ ᱛᱩᱞ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟ. ᱵᱟᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ==ᱥᱮᱬᱟ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ== {|class = "wikitable" style="text-align:center;" ! rowspan=2 width=40|ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ! rowspan=2 width=250|ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ! rowspan=2 width=60|ᱦᱟᱢᱟᱞ !colspan=4| Snatch (kg) !colspan=4| Clean & Jerk (kg) !rowspan=2 width=40| Total !rowspan=2 width=40| Rank |- ! width=40|1!! width=40|2!! width=40|3!! width=40|Rank!! width=40|1!! width=40|2!! width=40|3!! width=40|Rank |- ! colspan=13|[[World Weightlifting Championships|World Championships]] |- |[[2005 World Weightlifting Championships|᱒᱐᱐᱕]] || align=left|{{flagicon|ᱠᱟᱛ}} [[ᱫᱳᱦᱟ]], [[ᱠᱟᱛᱟᱨ]]|| [[2005 World Weightlifting Championships – Women's 48 kg|᱔᱘ ᱠᱤᱞᱳ]] ||᱗᱕||'''᱗᱘'''||<s> 79||᱗||95||98||'''100'''||᱗||'''178.0'''||7 |- |[[2003 World Weightlifting Championships|᱒᱐᱐᱓]] || align=left|{{flagicon|ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱰᱟ}} [[ᱵᱟᱸᱠᱚᱣᱵᱚᱨ]], [[ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱰᱟ]] || [[2003 World Weightlifting Championships – Women's 48 kg|᱔᱘ ᱠᱤᱞᱳ]] ||᱗᱕||᱗᱗.᱕||'''᱘᱐'''||᱖||97.5||'''102.5'''||<s>105||4||'''182.5'''||5 |- |[[1999 World Weightlifting Championships|᱑᱙᱙᱙]] || align=left|{{flagicon|ᱜᱨᱤᱥ}} [[ᱱᱯᱤᱨᱟᱣᱚᱥ]], [[ᱜᱨᱤᱥ]] || [[᱑᱙᱙᱙ World Weightlifting Championships – Women's 48 kg|᱔᱘ ᱠᱤᱞᱳ]] ||'''᱗᱕'''||<s>80||<s>80||᱑᱐||95||100||'''105'''||{{sica}}||'''180'''||5 |} ==ᱥᱟ.ᱠᱷᱭᱟ.ᱛ== {{ᱥᱟ.ᱠᱷᱭᱟ.ᱛ}} https://www.webcitation.org/6U68ulwpb?url=http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/LST-PDAWD-2013.pdf{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171019215108/http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/LST-PDAWD-2013.pdf |date=2017-10-19 }}{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171019215108/http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/LST-PDAWD-2013.pdf |date=2017-10-19 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https://web.archive.org/web/20071028023001/http://sportal.nic.in/legenddetails.asp?sno=722&moduleid=&maincatid=48&subid=0&comid=55 http://www.mapsofindia.com/who-is-who/sports/n-kunjarani-devi.html [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱣᱤᱠᱤ ᱞᱚᱵᱽᱥ ᱳᱢᱮᱱ ᱒᱐᱑᱙]] e6qg413wus27lxxboqz4v02ckf8go0v 0 10663 193139 177938 2026-06-25T22:59:37Z InternetArchiveBot 3665 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 193139 wikitext text/x-wiki '''ᱚᱪᱭᱩᱛᱟᱱᱚᱱᱫᱚ ᱫᱟᱫᱚ'''([[Odia]]:-''ଅଚ୍ୟୁତାନନ୍ଦ ଦାସ'' ) ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝ '''ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱯᱩᱨᱩᱥᱚ ᱚᱪᱭᱩᱛᱟᱱᱚᱱᱫᱚ''' ᱫᱚ ᱑᱖ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝᱼᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱹᱭᱟᱹᱛ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱱᱩᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱤᱫ [[ᱵᱚᱭᱥᱱᱚᱵᱽ]] ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱪᱮᱞᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱛᱭᱟᱹᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱮ, ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ,ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱷᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱚᱬᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱠᱚ [[ᱥᱟᱸᱥᱠᱨᱤᱴ]] ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱳᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱛᱨᱠᱚ ᱛᱚᱨᱡᱚᱢᱟᱭᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱨᱮ ᱱᱩᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱢᱚᱬᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱫᱚ [[ᱯᱚᱧᱪᱚᱥᱚᱠᱷᱟ]] ᱠᱚ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱰᱨᱚ ᱫᱮᱥᱚ ([[ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ]]) ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱱ ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱯᱚᱧᱪᱚᱥᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟ‌. ᱫᱚ ᱥᱮᱫᱟᱭ [[ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ]] ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱚᱨᱡᱚᱢᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱦᱚᱪᱚ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱠᱚ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱚᱧᱪᱚᱥᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱨᱤ ᱚᱪᱭᱩᱛᱟᱱᱚᱱᱫᱚ ᱫᱟᱥᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱱᱩᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱯᱩᱨᱩᱥᱚ (ᱧᱩᱭᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱦᱚᱲ) ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱠᱟᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱮ ᱱᱩᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ, ᱭᱳᱜᱟ, ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ, ᱵᱩᱫᱷᱚ ᱛᱚᱱᱛᱨᱚ, [[ᱟᱭᱩᱨᱵᱮᱫᱽ]] (ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ, ᱨᱟᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱱ) ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱜᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱟ ᱾ == ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ == ᱚᱪᱭᱩᱛᱟᱱᱚᱱᱫᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱡᱮᱢᱚᱱ, ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱹᱦᱱᱤ ᱚᱞ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱩᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱫᱚᱭ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱦᱚᱪᱚ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ === ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ === ᱚᱪᱭᱩᱛᱟᱱᱚᱱᱫᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱡᱚᱯᱚᱛᱤ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱯᱩᱨᱩᱥᱳᱛᱛᱚᱢ ᱫᱮᱵᱽᱼᱟᱜ ᱚᱢᱚᱲ ᱮᱴᱨᱮ "ᱛᱤᱞᱚᱠᱚᱬᱟ" ', ᱟᱹᱛᱩᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱫᱚ, ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱱᱚᱫᱤ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱟᱴᱚ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱞᱩᱬᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱪᱤᱛᱨᱳᱛᱯᱚᱲᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱤᱱ ᱩᱰᱩᱠ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱚᱱᱰᱮ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱔᱘᱐ ᱟᱨ ᱑᱕᱐᱕ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱭᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱫᱤᱱᱚᱵᱚᱱᱫᱷᱩ ᱠᱷᱩᱱᱴᱤᱭᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱫᱽᱢᱟᱵᱚᱛᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡ ᱟᱭᱚ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱟᱡ ᱜᱚᱲᱚᱢ ᱦᱟᱲᱟᱢ ᱜᱳᱯᱤᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱱᱛᱤ ᱫᱚ [[ᱡᱚᱜᱚᱱᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱢᱩᱸᱫᱽᱨᱤ]] ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱟᱡ ᱟᱭᱚ ᱡᱚᱜᱚᱱᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱢᱩᱸᱫᱽᱨᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱩᱱᱴᱤ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱵᱚᱝᱜᱟ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱱᱩᱭ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱡ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱠᱩᱠᱢᱩ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱡᱮ, ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱠᱩᱨ ᱤᱡ ᱪᱮᱬᱮ [[ᱜᱚᱨᱩᱰᱚ]] ᱟᱹᱠᱤᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱹᱜᱩ ᱦᱚᱴᱚ ᱟᱹᱠᱤᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ === ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ === ᱚᱪᱭᱩᱛᱟᱱᱚᱱᱫᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ, ᱚᱪᱭᱩᱛᱟᱱᱚᱱᱫᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱡᱩᱣᱟᱹᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ [[ᱪᱚᱭᱛᱚᱱᱭᱚ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱯᱨᱚᱵᱷᱩ]] ᱥᱟᱶ ᱧᱟᱯᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ [[ᱜᱚᱣᱰᱤᱭᱚ ᱵᱚᱭᱥᱱᱚᱵᱚ]] ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱯᱟᱸᱡᱟ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱚᱧᱪᱚᱥᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱨᱮ ᱱᱩᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱷᱚᱛᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱜᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}} *Chaini, Ratnakar. ''Achyutananda Das''. [[Sahitya Akademi]], Calcutta, 1998. *Mansingha, Mayadhar. ''History of Oriya literature''. Sahitya Akademi, New Delhi,1962. *Patnaik, Tandra. ''Sunya Purusa''. Utkal Studies in Philosophy XII. [[Utkal University]], [[Bubhaneswar]] in association with D.K. Printworld (P) Ltd., New Delhi, 2005. *Mishra, Ramprasad. ''Sahajayana: A Study of Tantric Buddhism''. Punthi Pustak, Calcutta, 1991. *Mukherjee, Prabhat. ''History of Medieval Vaishnavism in Orissa''. [[Asian Educational Services]], New Delhi, 1981. *Sri Sri Mahapurusa Siddha Ashram. ''Glimpse of a Yogi; Sri Sri Mahapurusa Achyutananda Das''. Sri Sri Mahapurusa Achyutananda Trust, Sri Ram Nagar, Puri, Odisha, India, 1998. * [https://web.archive.org/web/20071117111717/http://india_resource.tripod.com/orissa.html ''The History of Orissa: An Introduction'' from ''Pages from the history of India and the sub-continent (South Asian History)'' a non-commercial web project] *Das, Alekh Prasad. ''Jibanara Daka; an autobiography'', 1994; published by Sri Lalita Prakasani, Bhubaneswar. Won Odisha [[Sahitya Akademi Award|Sahitya Academy Award]] for autobiography in 2000. *http://www.sai.uni-heidelberg.de/abt/IND/publikation/biborissa/biborissa.htm {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200702165825/https://www.sai.uni-heidelberg.de/abt/IND/publikation/biborissa/biborissa.htm |date=2020-07-02 }} :The library of the South Asian Institute (SAI), University of Heidelberg, has some references and recollections of the original works of Sri Achyutananda Das. An "Orissan Project" was undertaken some decades ago, funded by the German Research Council, as a part of the studies of the South Asian cultures. A number of references can be found in this library. == ᱵᱟ.ᱲᱛᱤ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ == * http://www.garoiashram.org/english/index-eng.html# {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091016012510/http://www.garoiashram.org/english/index-eng.html |date=2009-10-16 }} * https://web.archive.org/web/20071105091526/http://www.sriachyuta.org/ * https://web.archive.org/web/20081019042242/http://www.trahiachyuta.com/sri.htm * https://web.archive.org/web/20110716184243/https://tagmeme.com/orissa/pothis.html {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Acyutananda}} 854uoywapo94wmal9rnd7a17i2fyhmj 0 13240 193164 96900 2026-06-26T10:43:37Z InternetArchiveBot 3665 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 193164 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox writing system |name = ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱞᱤᱠ |type = [[:en:Alphabet|ᱪᱤᱠᱤ]] |typedesc= (impure) ᱟᱨ [[:en:Letter case|Bicameral]] |time = [[:en:early Cyrillic alphabet|Earliest variants]] exist {{circa|᱘᱙᱓}}<ref name="Auty">Auty, R. ''Handbook of Old Church Slavonic, Part II: Texts and Glossary.'' 1977.</ref> – {{circa|᱙᱔᱐}} |languages = ᱧᱮᱞᱢᱮ [[:en:Cyrillic alphabets|ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱞᱤᱠ ᱵᱮᱵᱦᱟᱨᱮᱫᱽ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ]] |states = |names = {{lang-be|кірыліца}}, {{lang-bg|кирилица}} {{IPA-bg|ˈkirilit͡sɐ|}}, {{lang-mk|кирилица}} {{IPA|[kiˈrilit͡sa]}}, {{lang-ru|кириллица}} {{IPA-ru|kʲɪˈrʲilʲɪtsə|}}, {{lang-sr|ћирилица}}, {{lang-uk|кирилиця}} |fam1 = [[:en:Egyptian hieroglyphs|ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱭᱮᱨᱳᱜᱽᱨᱟᱯᱷᱤᱠ]]<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/521235.stm Oldest alphabet found in Egypt]. BBC. 1999-11-15. Retrieved 2015-01-14.</ref> |fam2 = [[:en:Proto-Sinaitic|ᱯᱨᱳᱴᱳ-ᱥᱤᱱᱮᱴᱤᱠ]] |fam3=[[:en:Phoenician alphabet|ᱯᱷᱤᱱᱤᱥᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ]] |fam4=[[ᱜᱽᱨᱤᱠ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱯ]] augmented by [[:en:Glagolitic script|ᱜᱞᱟᱜᱳᱞᱤᱴᱤᱠ]] |sisters = {{plainlist| *[[ᱞᱟᱛᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱯ]] *[[ᱠᱳᱯᱴᱤᱠ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ]] *[[ᱟᱨᱢᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ]] }} |children = [[:en:Old Permic script|ᱢᱟᱬᱮ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱢᱤᱠ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱯ]] |unicode = {{ublist |class=nowrap |[https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0400.pdf U+0400–U+04FF] {{smaller|Cyrillic}} |[https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0500.pdf U+0500–U+052F] {{smaller|Cyrillic Supplement}} |[https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U2DE0.pdf U+2DE0–U+2DFF] {{smaller|Cyrillic Extended-A}} |[https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/UA640.pdf U+A640–U+A69F] {{smaller|Cyrillic Extended-B}} |[https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U1C80.pdf U+1C80–U+1C8F] {{smaller|Cyrillic Extended-C}}}} |iso15924 = Cyrl |iso15924 note = <br/><code>Cyrs</code> (Old Church Slavonic variant) |sample = Romanian Cyrillic - Lord's Prayer text.svg |caption = 1850s Romanian text (Lord's Prayer), written with the Cyrillic script }} [[File:Archive-ugent-be-973E9242-B062-11E1-9EF1-99BDAAF23FF7 DS-375 (cropped).jpg|right|thumb|269x269px|Example of the Cyrillic script. Excerpt from the manuscript "Bdinski Zbornik". Written in 1360.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Bdinski Zbornik[manuscript]|url=https://lib.ugent.be/viewer/archive.ugent.be:973E9242-B062-11E1-9EF1-99BDAAF23FF7#?c=&m=&s=&cv=30&xywh=-810,-1,7145,4335|access-date=2020-08-26|website=lib.ugent.be}}</ref>]] '''ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱞᱤᱠ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱯ''' ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱚᱞ-ᱛᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱤᱣᱨᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ [[ᱤᱣᱨᱳᱯ|ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ-ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱤᱣᱨᱳᱯ]], [[ᱤᱣᱨᱳᱯ|ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱤᱣᱨᱳᱯ]], [[ᱠᱚᱠᱮᱥᱟᱥ]], [[ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ]], [[ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱥᱞᱟᱵᱷᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ|ᱥᱞᱟᱵᱷᱤᱠ]], [[ᱛᱩᱨᱠᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ|ᱛᱩᱨᱠᱤᱠ]], [[ᱢᱚᱝᱜᱚᱞᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ|ᱢᱚᱝᱜᱚᱞᱤᱠ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ|ᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ]] ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱚᱲ-ᱮᱫ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱚᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ==ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ== ==ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ== ==ᱵᱮᱵᱦᱟᱨ== [[Image:Cyrillic alphabet world distribution.svg|thumb|left|450px|ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱞᱤᱠ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱯ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ।<br> {{legend|#0b280b|ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱞᱤᱠ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱯ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱯ}} {{legend|#217821|ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱯ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱞᱤᱠ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱯ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ}} {{legend|#87de87|ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱞᱤᱠ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱯ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ}}]] ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱞᱤᱠ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱯ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ [[ᱨᱩᱥ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱨᱟᱥᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]] ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱵᱦᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱛᱮ, [[ᱥᱳᱵᱷᱤᱭᱮᱛ ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ]] ᱟᱢᱚᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱥᱳᱵᱷᱤᱭᱮᱛ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱵᱦᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱙᱑ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱳᱵᱷᱤᱭᱮᱛ ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱟᱹᱯᱩᱫ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱨᱟᱥᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱛᱮ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱬᱮ ᱥᱳᱵᱷᱤᱭᱮᱛ ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱯᱱᱟᱹᱛ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱯ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱵᱦᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱐᱗ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ [[ᱵᱩᱞᱜᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ]] [[ᱤᱣᱨᱳᱯᱤᱭᱚ ᱤᱣᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ]] ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ, ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱞᱤᱠ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱯ ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱤᱣᱨᱳᱯᱤᱭᱚ ᱤᱣᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ [[ᱞᱟᱛᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱯ|ᱨᱳᱢᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱯ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱜᱽᱨᱤᱠ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱯ]] ᱥᱟᱶ ᱥᱟᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱯ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱞᱤᱠ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱯ ᱫᱚ [[ᱨᱩᱥ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱨᱟᱥᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]], [[ᱤᱣᱠᱨᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]], [[ᱵᱮᱞᱟᱨᱩᱥᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]], [[ᱵᱩᱞᱜᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]], [[ᱠᱤᱨᱜᱤᱡᱽ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]], [[ᱠᱟᱡᱟᱠᱷ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]], [[ᱢᱚᱝᱜᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]], [[ᱥᱟᱨᱵᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱛᱟᱡᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]] ᱚᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱵᱦᱟᱨᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱫᱚᱢ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱟᱦᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱞᱤᱠ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱯ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱦᱟᱨᱮᱫᱽ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱱᱮᱛᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱦᱟᱨᱮᱫᱼᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ : [[ᱛᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]], [[ᱩᱡᱽᱵᱮᱠ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]], [[ᱟᱡᱟᱨᱵᱟᱭᱡᱟᱱᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]], [[ᱨᱳᱢᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱛᱩᱨᱠᱢᱮᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]] ᱾ ==ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱠᱚ== ==ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱠᱳᱰ== {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:125%;text-align:center;font-family:Arial,'Microsoft Sans Serif',FreeSans,'DejaVu Sans','Times New Roman','Liberation Serif','Doulos SIL',Quivira,Code2000,Symbola,'Charis SIL','Gentium Plus';" !U+!!width="15pt"|0!!width="15pt"|1!!width="15pt"|2!!width="15pt"|3!!width="15pt"|4!!width="15pt"|5!!width="15pt"|6!!width="15pt"|7!!width="15pt"|8!!width="15pt"|9!!width="15pt"|A!!width="15pt"|B!!width="15pt"|C!!width="15pt"|D!!width="15pt"|E!!width="15pt"|F |- ! 0400 |Ѐ||Ё||Ђ||Ѓ||Є||Ѕ||І||Ї||Ј||Љ||Њ||Ћ||Ќ||Ѝ||Ў||Џ |- ! 0410 |А||Б||В||Г||Д||Е||Ж||З||И||Й||К||Л||М||Н||О||П |- ! 0420 |Р||С||Т||У||Ф||Х||Ц||Ч||Ш||Щ||Ъ||Ы||Ь||Э||Ю||Я |- ! 0430 |а||б||в||г||д||е||ж||з||и||й||к||л||м||н||о||п |- ! 0440 |р||с||т||у||ф||х||ц||ч||ш||щ||ъ||ы||ь||э||ю||я |- ! 0450 |ѐ||ё||ђ||ѓ||є||ѕ||і||ї||ј||љ||њ||ћ||ќ||ѝ||ў||џ |- ! 0460 |Ѡ||ѡ||Ѣ||ѣ||Ѥ||ѥ||Ѧ||ѧ||Ѩ||ѩ||Ѫ||ѫ||Ѭ||ѭ||Ѯ||ѯ |- ! 0470 |Ѱ||ѱ||Ѳ||ѳ||Ѵ||ѵ||Ѷ||ѷ||Ѹ||ѹ||Ѻ||ѻ||Ѽ||ѽ||Ѿ||ѿ |- ! 0480 |Ҁ||ҁ||҂||&nbsp;҃||&nbsp;҄||&nbsp;҅||&nbsp;҆||&nbsp;҇||&nbsp;҈||&nbsp;҉||Ҋ||ҋ||Ҍ||ҍ||Ҏ||ҏ |- ! 0490 |Ґ||ґ||Ғ||ғ||Ҕ||ҕ||Җ||җ||Ҙ||ҙ||Қ||қ||Ҝ||ҝ||Ҟ||ҟ |- ! 04A0 |Ҡ||ҡ||Ң||ң||Ҥ||ҥ||Ҧ||ҧ||Ҩ||ҩ||Ҫ||ҫ||Ҭ||ҭ||Ү||ү |- ! 04B0 |Ұ||ұ||Ҳ||ҳ||Ҵ||ҵ||Ҷ||ҷ||Ҹ||ҹ||Һ||һ||Ҽ||ҽ||Ҿ||ҿ |- ! 04C0 |Ӏ||Ӂ||ӂ||Ӄ||ӄ||Ӆ||ӆ||Ӈ||ӈ||Ӊ||ӊ||Ӌ||ӌ||Ӎ||ӎ||ӏ |- ! 04D0 |Ӑ||ӑ||Ӓ||ӓ||Ӕ||ӕ||Ӗ||ӗ||Ә||ә||Ӛ||ӛ||Ӝ||ӝ||Ӟ||ӟ |- ! 04E0 |Ӡ||ӡ||Ӣ||ӣ||Ӥ||ӥ||Ӧ||ӧ||Ө||ө||Ӫ||ӫ||Ӭ||ӭ||Ӯ||ӯ |- ! 04F0 |Ӱ||ӱ||Ӳ||ӳ||Ӵ||ӵ||Ӷ||ӷ||Ӹ||ӹ||Ӻ||ӻ||Ӽ||ӽ||Ӿ||ӿ |- | colspan="17" | |- ! 0500 |Ԁ||ԁ||Ԃ||ԃ||Ԅ||ԅ||Ԇ||ԇ||Ԉ||ԉ||Ԋ||ԋ||Ԍ||ԍ||Ԏ||ԏ |- ! 0510 |Ԑ||ԑ||Ԓ||ԓ||Ԕ||ԕ||Ԗ||ԗ||Ԙ||ԙ||Ԛ||ԛ||Ԝ||ԝ||Ԟ||ԟ |- ! 0520 |Ԡ||ԡ||Ԣ||ԣ||Ԥ||ԥ||Ԧ||ԧ||Ԩ|||ԩ|||Ԫ||ԫ||Ԭ||ԭ||Ԯ||ԯ |- | colspan="17" | |- ! 2DE0 |ⷠ||ⷡ||ⷢ||ⷣ||ⷤ||ⷥ||ⷦ||ⷧ||ⷨ||ⷩ||ⷪ||ⷫ||ⷬ||ⷭ||ⷮ||ⷯ |- ! 2DF0 |ⷰ||ⷱ||ⷲ||ⷳ||ⷴ||ⷵ||ⷶ||ⷷ||ⷸ||ⷹ||ⷺ||ⷻ||ⷼ||ⷽ||ⷾ||ⷿ |- | colspan="17" | |- ! A640 |Ꙁ||ꙁ||Ꙃ||ꙃ||Ꙅ||ꙅ||Ꙇ||ꙇ||Ꙉ||ꙉ||Ꙋ||ꙋ||Ꙍ||ꙍ||Ꙏ||ꙏ |- ! A650 |Ꙑ||ꙑ||Ꙓ||ꙓ||Ꙕ||ꙕ||Ꙗ||ꙗ||Ꙙ||ꙙ||Ꙛ||ꙛ||Ꙝ||ꙝ||Ꙟ||ꙟ |- ! A660 |Ꙡ||ꙡ||Ꙣ||ꙣ||Ꙥ||ꙥ||Ꙧ||ꙧ||Ꙩ||ꙩ||Ꙫ||ꙫ||Ꙭ||ꙭ||ꙮ||꙯ |- ! A670 |&nbsp;꙰||&nbsp;꙱||&nbsp;꙲||꙳||ꙴ||ꙵ||ꙶ||ꙷ||ꙸ||ꙹ||ꙺ||ꙻ||꙼||꙽||꙾||ꙿ |- ! A680 |Ꚁ||ꚁ||Ꚃ||ꚃ||Ꚅ||ꚅ||Ꚇ||ꚇ||Ꚉ||ꚉ||Ꚋ||ꚋ||Ꚍ||ꚍ||Ꚏ||ꚏ |- ! A690 |Ꚑ||ꚑ||Ꚓ||ꚓ||Ꚕ||ꚕ||Ꚗ||ꚗ||Ꚙ||ꚙ||Ꚛ||ꚛ||ꚜ||ꚝ||style="background:#666;"| ||ꚟ |} ===ᱠᱤᱵᱳᱨᱰ=== [[File:Russian keyboard win.png|thumb|left|640px|[[ᱨᱩᱥ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱨᱟᱥᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]]]] [[File:Belarusian keyboard win.png|thumb|left|640px|[[ᱵᱮᱞᱟᱨᱩᱥᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]]]] [[File:Ukrainian keyboard win.png|thumb|left|640px|[[ᱤᱣᱠᱨᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]]]] [[File:Bulgarian keyboard win.png|thumb|left|640px|[[ᱵᱩᱞᱜᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]]]] {{clear}} ==ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱢᱮ== ==ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ== {{Commons category}} {{wiktionary|Appendix:Cyrillic script}} *[http://czyborra.com/charsets/cyrillic.html The Cyrillic Charset Soup] overview and history of Cyrillic charsets. *[http://transliteration.eki.ee/ Transliteration of Non-Roman Scripts], a collection of writing systems and transliteration tables *[http://www.omniglot.com/writing/cyrillic.htm History and development of the Cyrillic alphabet] *[http://localfonts.eu/cyrillic-alphabets-of-slavic-languages/ Cyrillic Alphabets of Slavic Languages] review of Cyrillic charsets in Slavic Languages. *[https://web.archive.org/web/20140222042759/http://andregarzia.on-rev.com/richmond/LANGTOOLS.html data entry in Old Cyrillic / Стара Кирилица] *[http://blog-en.namepedia.org/2015/04/cyrillic-and-its-long-journey-east/ Cyrillic and its Long Journey East – NamepediA Blog] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201108154052/https://blog-en.namepedia.org/2015/04/cyrillic-and-its-long-journey-east/ |date=2020-11-08 }}, article about the Cyrillic script *{{cite podcast | url= https://soundcloud.com/chssedinburgh/vladimir-alpatov-latin-alphabet-for-the-russian-language | author= [[Vladimir Mikhaylovich Alpatov|Vladimir M. Alpatov]] | publisher= The University of Edinburgh | title= Latin Alphabet for the Russian Language | website= Soundcloud | date= 24 January 2013 |access-date= 28 January 2016 }} * [http://www.unicode.org/charts/collation/ Unicode collation charts]—including Cyrillic letters, sorted by shape ==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ== [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱚᱞ ᱛᱚᱦᱚᱨ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱪᱤᱠᱤ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱯ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱹᱛ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:AWB]] iy8keyscnc8ctbz2y53uo9wx5wr2x25 0 19234 193143 98302 2026-06-26T01:36:49Z InternetArchiveBot 3665 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 193143 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ᱪᱷᱟᱸᱪ:ᱯᱷᱮᱢᱤᱱᱤᱡᱤᱢ ᱮᱱᱰᱽ ᱯᱷᱳᱞᱠᱞᱳᱨ ᱒᱐᱒᱒}} {{Infobox writer | name = ᱟᱛᱩᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱢᱳᱞᱞᱟ<br/>ఆతుకూరి మొల్ల | embed = | honorific_prefix = | honorific_suffix = | image = Atukuri Molla 2017 stamp of India.jpg | image_size = | image_upright = | alt = | native_name = ఆతుకూరి మొల్ల | native_name_lang = te | pseudonym = ᱢᱳᱞᱞᱟᱢᱟᱢᱵᱟ | birth_name = ᱟᱛᱩᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱢᱳᱞᱞᱟ | birth_date = ᱑᱔᱔᱐ | birth_place = ᱜᱳᱯᱟᱵᱷᱟᱨᱟᱢ, [[ᱠᱟᱰᱟᱯᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ|ᱠᱟᱰᱟᱯᱟ]] | death_date = ᱑᱕᱓᱐ | death_place = | occupation = ᱠᱩᱝᱠᱟᱹᱞ | language = ᱛᱮᱞᱩᱜᱩ | nationality = [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ]]ᱤᱭᱟᱹ | ethnicity = | education = | period = ᱑᱔ᱟᱱ–᱑᱕ᱟᱱ ᱯᱤᱲᱦᱤ | genre = [[ᱚᱱᱚᱬᱦᱤᱭᱟᱹ]] | subject = ᱛᱮᱞᱩᱜᱩ [[ᱨᱟᱢᱟᱭᱚᱱ]] | movement = [[ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ|ᱥᱚᱱᱟᱛᱚᱱ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱢᱚ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ | notableworks = ᱥᱚᱸᱥᱠᱨᱤᱛ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱛᱮᱞᱩᱜᱩ ᱛᱮ ᱨᱟᱢᱟᱭᱚᱱ ᱛᱚᱨᱡᱚᱢᱟ | spouse = <!-- or: | spouses = --> | children = | relatives = | awards = 'ᱠᱚᱵᱤ ᱨᱚᱛᱱᱚ' | module = | portaldisp = <!-- "on", "yes", "true", etc; or omit --> }} '''ᱟᱛᱩᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱢᱳᱞᱞᱟ''' (᱑᱔᱔᱐-᱑᱕᱓᱐) ᱫᱚ ᱛᱮᱞᱩᱜᱩ ᱚᱱᱚᱬᱦᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ [[ᱛᱮᱞᱩᱜᱩ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]] ᱛᱮ [[ᱨᱟᱢᱟᱭᱚᱱ]] ᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱹᱛ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱩᱢᱚᱨ ᱢᱳᱞᱞᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮᱭ ᱵᱟᱲᱟᱭᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ᱾ ᱢᱳᱞᱞᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱮᱥᱟᱱᱟ ᱥᱮᱛᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱠᱩᱲᱤᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱩᱝᱠᱟᱹᱞ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱭᱭᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ᱾ ᱞᱟᱦᱟᱛᱮᱱ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱠᱟᱛᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱤᱠᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱥᱳᱢᱟᱡᱤᱭᱟ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱢᱟᱠᱟᱫᱮᱭᱟ᱾ ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱫᱩᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱵᱤᱨᱮᱥᱞᱤᱝᱜᱚᱢ ᱯᱟᱱᱛᱞᱩ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ 'ᱚᱱᱫᱷᱨᱚ ᱠᱟᱵᱷᱩᱞᱟ ᱪᱩᱨᱤᱛ' ᱨᱮᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱨᱤ ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱚ ᱫᱮᱵᱽ ᱨᱟᱭ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱫᱟᱹᱵᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱮ ᱵᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱜᱩᱨᱩᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱥᱨᱟᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱛᱚᱨᱡᱚᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱤᱠᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱥᱳᱢᱟᱡᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱠᱟᱠᱟᱛᱤᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱡᱚᱭᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱼᱢᱟᱞᱟ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱨᱤᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱚᱱᱚᱬᱦᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱨᱦᱟᱣᱱᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱲᱟᱭᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱛᱮᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref name="Molla">[https://historyunderyourfeet.wordpress.com/2014/09/26/creators-of-telugu-epic-literature-kummara-molla/ Creators of Telugu Epic literature- Kummara Molla]. 26 September 2014</ref> ==ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ== ᱢᱳᱞᱞᱟ ᱫᱚ [[ᱛᱟᱞᱞᱟᱯᱟᱠᱟ ᱛᱤᱨᱩᱢᱟᱞᱟᱢᱢᱟ|ᱛᱟᱞᱞᱟᱯᱟᱠᱟ ᱛᱤᱨᱩᱢᱢᱟᱠᱠᱟ]], [[ᱟᱱᱱᱟᱢᱟᱪᱟᱨᱭᱚ]] (ᱟᱱᱱᱟᱢᱟᱪᱟᱨᱡᱚ) ᱨᱮᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱦᱩ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱛᱮᱞᱩᱜᱩ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱚᱱᱚᱬᱦᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ [[ᱥᱚᱸᱥᱠᱨᱤᱛ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱥᱚᱸᱥᱠᱨᱤᱛ]] ᱨᱟᱢᱟᱭᱚᱱ ᱛᱮᱞᱩᱜᱩ ᱛᱮᱭ ᱛᱚᱨᱡᱚᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱟᱡ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱟᱛᱩᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱠᱮᱥᱟᱱᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱳᱯᱟᱵᱷᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱩᱝᱠᱟᱹᱞ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱜᱳᱯᱟᱵᱷᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ [[ᱵᱟᱫᱽᱵᱷᱮᱞ]] ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱜᱳᱯᱟᱵᱷᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱢᱚᱱᱰᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟ ᱫᱚ [[ᱟᱱᱫᱷᱨᱚ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱰᱟᱯᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮᱞᱼᱢᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱤᱢᱤ ᱥᱟᱺᱜᱤᱧᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ [[:en:Shaivism| ᱥᱚᱭᱵᱚᱛ]] ᱟᱨ ᱥᱨᱤᱥᱚᱭᱞᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱨᱤ ᱥᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱᱛᱚ ᱢᱚᱞᱞᱮᱥᱣᱚᱨᱚ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱪᱮᱞᱟ ᱭᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱟᱡ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱢᱳᱞᱞᱟ ᱮ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ "ᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱵᱟᱦᱟ", ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱠᱩᱥᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱦᱟ, ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱦᱚᱦᱚ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱨᱤ ᱵᱟᱥᱟᱵᱷᱮᱥᱣᱟᱨᱟ ᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱛᱮ ''ᱵᱟᱥᱟᱵᱷᱤ'' ᱮ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱭᱟ᱾ ==ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱴᱟᱭᱤᱞ== ==ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ== ==ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ== ==ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ== *[https://web.archive.org/web/20071001002705/http://www.hindu.com/yw/2003/12/06/stories/2003120601630300.htm A news paper article about Molla background] *[http://www.vepachedu.org/Women.html Vepachedu Telugu Women author list] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181228095712/http://www.vepachedu.org/Women.html |date=2018-12-28 }} *{{IMDb title|0290694|Kathanayika Molla}} *[https://web.archive.org/web/20070927014941/http://www.cscsarchive.org:8081/MediaArchive/Library.nsf/0/E435A9CD7D7CE517652570670034A0BC?OpenDocument&Start=1&Count=1000&ExpandView&StartKey=Women Indian women authors] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20021209055352/http://www.tirumala.org/sapthagiri/112002/molla.htm Molla biography] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20071001001405/http://www.hindu.com/2006/11/26/stories/2006112615960500.htm A news article about Women holding candles in front of Molla] ==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱹᱭᱟᱹᱛ== {{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}} t3hl34egmdyamsh3rr9oi6xn8ic49cf 0 19690 193138 190076 2026-06-25T14:54:45Z ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱗ 1744 /* */ 193138 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox residential college | name = ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱵᱤᱵᱷᱟᱜᱽ, ᱵᱤᱥᱥᱚ-ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛᱤ | native_name = ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱵᱤᱵᱷᱟᱜᱽ, ᱵᱤᱥᱥᱚ-ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛᱤ | type = | university = [[ᱵᱤᱥᱥᱚ-ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛᱤ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ]] | image = [[File:ᱵᱤᱥᱥᱚ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱵᱤᱵᱷᱟᱜᱽ.jpg|thumb|ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱵᱤᱵᱷᱟᱜᱽ, ᱵᱤᱥᱥᱚ-ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛᱤ]] | alt = | caption = | shield = | shield_alt = | shield_caption = | scarf = <!-- {{scarf|{{cell|color1}}{{cell|color2}}...}} --> | location = [[ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱤᱱᱤᱠᱮᱛᱚᱱ]], [[ᱵᱤᱨᱵᱷᱩᱢ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ|ᱵᱤᱨᱵᱷᱩᱢ]], [[ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ]], [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ]] | quad = | coordinates = {{coord|23.68491|N|87.68760|E|display=inline,title}} | full_name = | name_Latin = | abbreviation = | motto = <!-- or | motto_Latin = --> | motto_lang = | motto_English = | founder = <!-- or | founders = --> | established = ᱒᱐᱐᱙ | named_for = <!-- or | namesake = or | named_after = --> | previous_names = | status = | architect = | architectural_style = | colours = <!-- or | colors = --> | gender = | sister_college = <!-- or | sister_colleges --> | freshman_dorm = | head_label = | head = ᱰᱨ. ᱢᱚᱱᱥᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ | master = <!-- or | masters = or | faculty deans or | head or | magister or | magisters --> | vice_head_label = | vice_head = | warden = | principal = | rector = | president = | chief_justice = | provost = | deputy_provost = | officer = | administrator = | dean = | associate_dean = | benefactor = | HoCo_chair = | residents = <!-- or | membership = --> | undergraduates = | postgraduates = | senior_tutor = | res_tutors = | head_of_admissions = | chapel = | mascot = | newspaper = | charities = | events = | called = | fellows = | endowment = | website = | student_association = | jcr_label = | JCR = | mcr_label = | MCR= | scr_label = | SCR= | boat_club= | location_map = | map_size = | embedded = }} [[File:ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱵᱤᱵᱷᱟᱜᱽ, ᱵᱤᱥᱥᱚ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛᱤ.jpg|thumb|ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱵᱤᱵᱷᱟᱜᱽ, ᱵᱤᱥᱥᱚ-ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛᱤ]] [[ᱵᱤᱥᱥᱚ-ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛᱤ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ '''ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱵᱤᱵᱷᱟᱜᱽ''' ᱫᱚ [[ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ [[ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱤᱱᱤᱠᱮᱛᱚᱱ]] ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ [[ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]], ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱲᱦᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱐᱙ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱤ.ᱮ. (ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱟᱱ) ᱯᱚᱲᱦᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ, ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱛᱷᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱤᱵᱷᱟᱜᱽ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web | url = https://visvabharati.ac.in/BhashaBhavan.html | title = Bhasa Bhavana | publisher = Visva Bharati | access-date = 23 August 2019 | archive-date = 28 June 2021 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210628021131/http://www.visvabharati.ac.in/BhashaBhavan.html | url-status = dead }}</ref> ==ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ== ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱵᱤᱵᱷᱟᱜᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱦᱩᱞᱥᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱑᱙᱘᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱵᱤᱵᱷᱟᱜᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱵᱤᱵᱷᱟᱜᱽ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱦᱤᱥᱟᱹᱵᱽ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱮᱡᱽ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱨᱴᱤᱯᱷᱤᱠᱮᱴ (ᱥᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ), ᱰᱤᱯᱞᱳᱢᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱰᱵᱷᱟᱱᱥ ᱰᱤᱯᱞᱳᱢᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱪᱟᱪᱞᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱵᱤᱵᱷᱟᱜᱽ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱛᱟᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱵᱮᱼᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ᱾ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱨᱠᱟ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱮᱥᱤᱥᱴᱮᱱᱴ ᱞᱮᱠᱪᱟᱨᱟᱨ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱡᱚᱠᱷᱮᱡ ᱱᱚᱸᱰᱮ [[ᱨᱳᱢᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ|ᱨᱳᱢᱟᱱ]] ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱒᱐᱐᱓ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱝᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱤᱨᱟᱹᱞᱟᱱ ᱚᱱᱩᱥᱩᱪᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱒᱐᱐᱔ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱱ. ᱥᱩᱨᱭᱚ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱮᱥᱤᱥᱴᱮᱱᱴ ᱞᱮᱠᱪᱟᱨᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮᱭ ᱵᱚᱦᱟᱞ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱦᱩᱞᱥᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱒᱐᱐᱙ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱤ.ᱮ. ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱵᱤᱵᱷᱟᱜᱽ ᱪᱟᱹᱞᱩ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web | url = https://visvabharati.ac.in/BhashaBhavan.html | title = Bhasa Bhavana | publisher = Visva Bharati | access-date = 23 August 2019 | archive-date = 28 June 2021 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210628021131/http://www.visvabharati.ac.in/BhashaBhavan.html | url-status = dead }}</ref> ᱱᱤᱛ ᱱᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱞᱤ [[ᱚᱞ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ]] ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱯ ᱛᱮᱜᱮ ᱚᱞᱚᱜᱼᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ==ᱠᱳᱨᱥ ᱠᱚ== ===ᱞᱮᱛᱟᱲ ᱠᱳᱨᱥ=== {| class="wikitable sortable" ! ᱠᱳᱨᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ<ref>{{cite journal |title=Visva Bharati Prospectua 2021 |url=https://visvabharati.ac.in/file/VB_Adm_Prospectus_2021_2022.pdf }}{{Dead link|date=March 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> !! ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ |- | ᱵᱤ.ᱮ. ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ (ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱟᱱ) || ᱑᱙ |- | ᱮᱢ.ᱮ. ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ (ᱟᱹᱠᱤᱞᱢᱟᱱ) || ᱓᱑ |- | ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱤ.ᱮᱰ ||᱐᱓ |- | ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱤ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪᱰᱤ ||᱐᱕ |} ===ᱠᱮᱡᱩᱣᱟᱞ ᱠᱳᱨᱥ=== {| class="wikitable sortable" ! ᱠᱳᱨᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ<ref>{{cite journal |title=Visva Bharati Prospectua 2021 |url=https://visvabharati.ac.in/file/VB_Adm_Prospectus_2021_2022.pdf }}{{Dead link|date=March 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> !! ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ |- | ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱨᱴᱤᱯᱷᱤᱠᱮᱴ || ᱔᱒ |- | ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱰᱤᱯᱞᱳᱢᱟ || ᱔᱒ |- | ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱰᱵᱷᱟᱱᱥ ᱰᱤᱯᱞᱳᱢᱟ || ᱔᱒ |} ===ᱵᱷᱩᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ=== ==ᱢᱟᱪᱮᱫ ᱠᱚ== ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱵᱤᱵᱷᱟᱜᱽ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱛᱩᱨᱩᱭ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱱ ᱢᱟᱪᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web |title=Faculty List |url=https://visvabharati.ac.in/FacultyList.html |accessdate=5 April 2022 |archive-date=5 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220405164140/https://visvabharati.ac.in/FacultyList.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> ᱒᱐᱐᱙ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱱ. ᱥᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱰᱨ. ᱫᱷᱚᱱᱮᱥᱣᱚᱨ ᱢᱟᱺᱡᱷᱤ, ᱒᱐᱑᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱰᱨ. ᱫᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱱ. ᱢᱚᱱᱥᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ, ᱟᱨ ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱱ. ᱛᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱱ. ᱨᱟᱹᱢᱩ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ ᱵᱤᱵᱷᱟᱜᱽ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱮᱥᱤᱥᱴᱮᱱᱴ ᱯᱳᱨᱯᱷᱮᱥᱟᱨ (ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱜᱟᱞᱚᱪᱤᱭᱟᱹ) ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱚᱦᱟᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱒᱐᱑᱒ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱢ.ᱮ. ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱪᱟᱹᱞᱩ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal |title=VB Santali Department |url=http://www.visvabharati.ac.in/file/Dept_Santali.pdf }}{{Dead link|date=March 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱠᱷᱟᱸᱫᱟ== ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱵᱤᱵᱷᱟᱜᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱠᱷᱟᱸᱫᱟ (ᱞᱟᱭᱵᱽᱨᱮᱨᱤ) ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ, ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱴᱷᱩᱣᱟᱹ, ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱫᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱪᱮᱫ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱚᱜᱟᱣ ᱡᱚᱛᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ==ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ== * [https://www.visvabharati.ac.in/ ᱵᱤᱥᱥᱚ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛᱤ] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220329114802/https://visvabharati.ac.in/ |date=2022-03-29 }} [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱵᱤᱥᱥᱚ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛᱤ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱠᱚ]] ==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ== {{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}} jiwnema3t6ehcon4pmbhko9ara2miuj 10 20560 193133 157099 2026-06-25T12:05:54Z MT731 2184 193133 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ |state = {{{state<includeonly>|autocollapse</includeonly>}}} |title = [[File:Tata logo.svg|18px]] [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ]] |bodyclass = hlist |groupstyle = font-size:95%; |image = [[File:Tata logo.svg|120px]] |group1 = [[List of entities associated with Tata Group|Divisions and<br>subsidiaries]] |list1 ={{Navbox|child |group1 = Information Technology<br>& Engineering |list1 = * [[Tata Consultancy Services]] * [[Tata Research Development and Design Centre]] * [[TCS China]] * [[Tata Elxsi]] * [[Tata Technologies]] |group2 = Airlines |list2 = * [[Air India Limited]] ** [[Air India]] ** [[Air India Express]] * [[AirAsia India]] (84%) * [[Vistara]] (51%) |group3 = ᱢᱮᱬᱦᱮᱫ |list3 = * [[ᱡᱟᱢᱥᱮᱫᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱮᱯᱷ.ᱥᱤ.]] * [[NatSteel]] * [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱥᱴᱤᱞ]] * [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱥᱴᱤᱞ ᱵᱤ.ᱮᱥ.ᱮᱞ.]] * [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱥᱴᱤᱞ ᱭᱩᱨᱚᱯ]] * [[Tata Steel Long Products]] * [[Tata Steel Thailand]] * [[Tayo Rolls]] |group4 = Automotive |list4 = * [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱢᱳᱴᱚᱨᱥ]] * [[Tata Motors Cars]] * [[Jaguar Land 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Power]] |list1= {{Navbox|child |group1= Generation |list1= * [[Mundra Ultra Mega Power Plant|Mundra UMPP]] * [[Maithon Power Plant|Maithon Power]] |group2= Distribution |list2= * [[Tata Power Delhi Distribution Limited]] * [[TP Central Odisha Distribution Limited]] * [[Western Electricity Supply Company of Odisha|TP Western Odisha Distribution Limited]] * TP Southern Odisha Distribution Limited * [[North Eastern Electricity Supply Company of Odisha]] (51%) * TP Ajmer Distribution Limited |group3= Other |list3= * [[Tata Power Solar]] * TP Renewable Microgrid * [[Tata Power SED]] * Powerlinks Transmission (51%) }} |group2= Other |list2= * [[Tata Housing Development Company]] * Tata Projects }} |group7 = Financial Servcies |list7 = * [[Tata Capital]] * [[TATA AIG]] * [[Tata AIA Life Insurance]] * [[TATA AMC]] * [[Tata Cards]] * Tata Motors Finance * [[Indicash ATM]] * [[Ferbine]] |group8 = Aerospace & Defence |list8 = * [[Tata Advanced Systems]] * [[Tata Boeing Aerospace Limited]] * [[Tata Sikorsky Aerospace Limited]] * [[Tata Power SED]] |group9 = Tourism & Travel |list9 = * [[Indian Hotels Company Limited]] ** [[Ginger Hotels]] ** [[Taj Hotels]] ** [[TajAir]] ** TajSATS ** [[Vivanta]] ** [[The Pierre]] ** [[The Newbury Boston]] |group10 = Telecom & Media |list10 = * [[Tata Communications]] ** [[VSNL International Canada]] * [[Tata Business Support Services]] * [[Tata Teleservices]] * [[Tata Play]] * [[Tejas Networks]] |group11 = Trading & Investments |list11 = * [[Tata Investment Corp]] * [[Tata Industries]] }} |group2 = Joint ventures |list2 = * [[AirAsia India]] (84%) * [[Tata AIA Life Insurance]] (74%) * [[TATA AIG]] (74%) * [[Tata Cliq]] * [[Tata Hitachi Construction Machinery]] (40%) * [[Tata Starbucks]] (50%) * [[Vistara]] (51%) |group3 = Former <br/>holdings |list3 = * [[Piaggio Aerospace]] (33.3%) * [[Tata Oil Mills Company]] ** [[Lakmé Cosmetics]] * [[Tata Textiles]] * [[Tata Docomo]] ([[Airtel India]]) * [[Tata McGraw-Hill]] * [[Tata Interactive Systems]] * [[CMC (company)|CMC]] * [[New India Assurance]] |group4 = Sports |list4 = * [[JRD Tata Sports Complex]] * [[Tata Football Academy]] * [[Telco Club Ground]] * [[Jamshedpur FC]] * [[Tata Steel Chess Tournament]] |group5 = Institutions |list5 = {{Navbox|child |group1 = [[Tata Institute of Fundamental Research|TIFR]] |list1 = * [[Tata Institute of Fundamental Research|TIFR, Mumbai]] * [[National Centre for Radio Astrophysics|NCRA - TIFR, Pune]] * [[Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad|TIFR, Hyderabad]] * [[TIFR Centre for Applicable Mathematics|CAM Bangalore]] * [[Homi Bhabha Centre for Science Education|HBCSE Bangalore]] * ICTS Bangalore * [[National Centre for Biological Sciences|NCBS Bangalore]] |group2 = Other |list2 = * [[Bhabha Atomic Research Centre]] * [[Homi Bhabha National Institute]] * [[Indian Institute of Science]] * [[The Energy and Resources Institute]] ** [[TERI School of Advanced Studies]] * [[Tata Institute of Social Sciences]] * [[Tata Management Training Centre]] * [[Tata Theatre]] * [[Tata-Dhan Academy]] }} |group6 = Hospitals |list6 = * [[Homi Bhabha Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Visakhapatnam|Homi Bhabha Cancer Hospital & Research Centre]] * [[Tata Memorial Centre]] |group7 = Trusts |list7 = * [[Sir Dorabji Tata and Allied Trusts]] * [[Sir Ratan Tata Trust]] |group8 = ᱦᱚᱲ |list8 = {{Navbox|ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ |group1= ᱜᱩᱴ <br/>ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱮᱛ |list1= * [[ᱡᱟᱢᱥᱮᱫᱽᱡᱤ ᱴᱟᱴᱟ]] * [[ᱫᱳᱨᱚᱵᱽᱡᱤ ᱴᱟᱴᱟ]] * [[ᱱᱳᱣᱨᱳᱡᱤ ᱥᱚᱠᱞᱟᱛᱣᱟᱞᱟ]] * [[ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱜᱤᱨ ᱨᱚᱛᱚᱱᱡᱤ ᱫᱟᱫᱟᱵᱷᱟᱭ ᱴᱟᱴᱟ|ᱡᱮ. ᱟᱨ. ᱰᱤ. ᱴᱟᱴᱟ]] * [[ᱨᱚᱛᱚᱱ ᱴᱟᱴᱟ]] * [[ᱥᱟᱭᱨᱚᱥ ᱢᱤᱥᱛᱨᱤ]] * [[ᱱᱚᱴᱚᱨᱟᱡᱚᱱ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱥᱮᱠᱷᱚᱨᱚᱱ]] {{small|(ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ)}} |group2= Current |list2= {{Navbox|child |group1= Board of <br/>Tata Sons |list1= * [[Natarajan Chandrasekaran]] (Chairman) * Farida Khambata * [[Venu Srinivasan]] * [[Ajay Piramal]] * [[Ralf Speth]] * Bhaskar Bhat * [[Harish Manwani]] * Saurabh Agrawal (CFO) |group2= ᱜᱩᱴ <br/>ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱠᱚ |list2= * [[ᱱᱳᱭᱮᱞ ᱴᱟᱴᱟ]] * [[Surya Kant]] (TCS) * [[Rajesh Gopinathan]] (TCS) * [[Subramaniam Ramadorai]] * [[Guenter Butschek]] (Tata Motors) * [[Thierry Bolloré]] (JLR) |group3= ᱴᱟᱴᱟ <br/>ᱴᱨᱟᱥᱴ ᱠᱚ |list3= * [[ᱨᱚᱛᱚᱱ ᱴᱟᱴᱟ]] (ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱮᱛ) * [[R. K. Krishna Kumar]] * [[Venu Srinivasan]] * [[Ajay Piramal]] * [[Vijay Singh (administrator)|Vijay Singh]] * [[Pramit Jhaveri]] * [[Prafulla Desai]] * [[Mammen Chandy]] }} |group3= ᱢᱟᱨᱮ |list3= {{Navbox|ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ |group1= ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ |list1= * [[ᱱᱟᱵᱷᱟᱞ ᱴᱟᱴᱟ]] * [[ᱥᱤᱢᱳᱱ ᱴᱟᱴᱟ]] * [[ᱨᱚᱛᱚᱱᱡᱤ ᱫᱟᱫᱟᱵᱷᱟᱭ ᱴᱟᱴᱟ|ᱨᱚᱛᱚᱱᱡᱤ ᱫᱟᱫᱟᱵᱷᱟᱭ]] |group2= ᱮᱴᱟᱜ |list2= * [[Cyrus Mistry]] * [[Pallonji Mistry]] * [[Nowroji Saklatwala]] * [[R. Gopalakrishnan]] * [[Jamshed Jiji Irani]] * [[Ishaat Hussain]] * [[Sumant Moolgaokar]] * [[Karl Slym]] * [[Ardeshir Dalal]] * [[Russi Mody]] * [[B. Muthuraman]] * [[F. C. Kohli]] * [[S. Jaishankar]] }} }} |group9 = ᱮᱴᱟᱜᱟᱜ |list9 = * [[ᱵᱚᱢᱵᱮ ᱦᱟᱣᱩᱥ]] * [[ᱜᱚᱞ ᱚᱠ ᱥᱴᱤᱞ ᱴᱟᱨᱢᱤᱱᱟᱞ]] * [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱥᱮᱱᱴᱟᱨ]] * [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ]] * [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱥᱚᱱᱥ]] * [[ᱮᱢᱥᱴᱟᱨᱰᱟᱢ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱴᱷᱚᱱ|ᱴᱤ.ᱥᱤ.ᱮᱥ. ᱮᱢᱥᱴᱟᱨᱰᱟᱢ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱴᱷᱚᱱ]] * [[ᱱᱤᱭᱩ ᱭᱚᱨᱠ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱴᱷᱚᱱ|ᱴᱤ.ᱥᱤ.ᱮᱥ. ᱱᱤᱭᱩ ᱭᱚᱨᱠ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱴᱷᱚᱱ]] |below = * {{icon|category}} '''[[:ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ|ᱛᱷᱚᱠ]]''' }}<noinclude> [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱪᱷᱟᱸᱪ ᱠᱚ]] </noinclude> 92aotf4rlxg564lxceee3gqahe11lss 193134 193133 2026-06-25T12:06:13Z MT731 2184 MT731 ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱡ [[ᱪᱷᱟᱸᱪ:ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱜᱩᱴ]] ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱫᱚ [[ᱪᱷᱟᱸᱪ:ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ]] ᱧᱤᱛᱩᱢᱨᱮ ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟᱭ 193133 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ |state = {{{state<includeonly>|autocollapse</includeonly>}}} |title = [[File:Tata logo.svg|18px]] [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ]] |bodyclass = hlist |groupstyle = font-size:95%; |image = [[File:Tata logo.svg|120px]] |group1 = [[List of entities associated with Tata Group|Divisions and<br>subsidiaries]] |list1 ={{Navbox|child |group1 = Information Technology<br>& Engineering |list1 = * [[Tata Consultancy Services]] * [[Tata Research Development and Design Centre]] * [[TCS China]] * [[Tata Elxsi]] * [[Tata Technologies]] |group2 = Airlines |list2 = * [[Air India Limited]] ** [[Air India]] ** [[Air India Express]] * [[AirAsia India]] (84%) * [[Vistara]] (51%) |group3 = ᱢᱮᱬᱦᱮᱫ |list3 = * [[ᱡᱟᱢᱥᱮᱫᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱮᱯᱷ.ᱥᱤ.]] * [[NatSteel]] * [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱥᱴᱤᱞ]] * [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱥᱴᱤᱞ ᱵᱤ.ᱮᱥ.ᱮᱞ.]] * [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱥᱴᱤᱞ ᱭᱩᱨᱚᱯ]] * [[Tata Steel Long Products]] * [[Tata Steel Thailand]] * [[Tayo Rolls]] |group4 = Automotive |list4 = * [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱢᱳᱴᱚᱨᱥ]] * [[Tata Motors Cars]] * [[Jaguar Land Rover]] ** [[Daimler Company]] ** [[Chery Jaguar Land Rover]] * [[Tata Daewoo]] * [[Tata Hispano]] * [[Tata Hitachi Construction Machinery]] |group5 = Consumer <br/>& Retail |list5 = {{Navbox|child |group1 = [[Tata Consumer Products|Tata Consumer <br>Products]] |list1 = * [[Eight O'Clock Coffee]] * [[Tata Coffee]] * [[Good Earth Tea]] * [[Tetley]] * Tata Tea * [[Tata Salt]] * Tata Cha * Himalayan Water * Tata Sampann * NourishCo * Tata Consumer Soulfull |group2 = [[Tata Chemicals]] |list2 = * [[British Salt]] * [[Tata Chemicals Europe]] * [[Magadi Soda Company|Tata Chemicals Magadi]] * [[Tata Swach]] * Rallis India |group3 = [[Trent (Westside)|Trent]] |list3 = * [[Landmark Bookstores|Landmark]] * [[Star Bazaar]] * [[Trent (Westside)|Westside]] |group4 = [[Titan Company]] |list4 = * [[Tanishq]] * [[Fastrack (fashion accessories)|Fastrack]] * Taneira * [[Favre-Leuba]] |group5 = Other |list5 = * [[Voltas]] * [[Cromā]] }} |group6 = Infrastructure |list6 = {{Navbox|child |group1= [[Tata Power]] |list1= {{Navbox|child |group1= Generation |list1= * [[Mundra Ultra Mega Power Plant|Mundra UMPP]] * [[Maithon Power Plant|Maithon Power]] |group2= Distribution |list2= * [[Tata Power Delhi Distribution Limited]] * [[TP Central Odisha Distribution Limited]] * [[Western Electricity Supply Company of Odisha|TP Western Odisha Distribution Limited]] * TP Southern Odisha Distribution Limited * [[North Eastern Electricity Supply Company of Odisha]] (51%) * TP Ajmer Distribution Limited |group3= Other |list3= * [[Tata Power Solar]] * TP Renewable Microgrid * [[Tata Power SED]] * Powerlinks Transmission (51%) }} |group2= Other |list2= * [[Tata Housing Development Company]] * Tata Projects }} |group7 = Financial Servcies |list7 = * [[Tata Capital]] * [[TATA AIG]] * [[Tata AIA Life Insurance]] * [[TATA AMC]] * [[Tata Cards]] * Tata Motors Finance * [[Indicash ATM]] * [[Ferbine]] |group8 = Aerospace & Defence |list8 = * [[Tata Advanced Systems]] * [[Tata Boeing Aerospace Limited]] * [[Tata Sikorsky Aerospace Limited]] * [[Tata Power SED]] |group9 = Tourism & Travel |list9 = * [[Indian Hotels Company Limited]] ** [[Ginger Hotels]] ** [[Taj Hotels]] ** [[TajAir]] ** TajSATS ** [[Vivanta]] ** [[The Pierre]] ** [[The Newbury Boston]] |group10 = Telecom & Media |list10 = * [[Tata Communications]] ** [[VSNL International Canada]] * [[Tata Business Support Services]] * [[Tata Teleservices]] * [[Tata Play]] * [[Tejas Networks]] |group11 = Trading & Investments |list11 = * [[Tata Investment Corp]] * [[Tata Industries]] }} |group2 = Joint ventures |list2 = * [[AirAsia India]] (84%) * [[Tata AIA Life Insurance]] (74%) * [[TATA AIG]] (74%) * [[Tata Cliq]] * [[Tata Hitachi Construction Machinery]] (40%) * [[Tata Starbucks]] (50%) * [[Vistara]] (51%) |group3 = Former <br/>holdings |list3 = * [[Piaggio Aerospace]] (33.3%) * [[Tata Oil Mills Company]] ** [[Lakmé Cosmetics]] * [[Tata Textiles]] * [[Tata Docomo]] ([[Airtel India]]) * [[Tata McGraw-Hill]] * [[Tata Interactive Systems]] * [[CMC (company)|CMC]] * [[New India Assurance]] |group4 = Sports |list4 = * [[JRD Tata Sports Complex]] * [[Tata Football Academy]] * [[Telco Club Ground]] * [[Jamshedpur FC]] * [[Tata Steel Chess Tournament]] |group5 = Institutions |list5 = {{Navbox|child |group1 = [[Tata Institute of Fundamental Research|TIFR]] |list1 = * [[Tata Institute of Fundamental Research|TIFR, Mumbai]] * [[National Centre for Radio Astrophysics|NCRA - TIFR, Pune]] * [[Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad|TIFR, Hyderabad]] * [[TIFR Centre for Applicable Mathematics|CAM Bangalore]] * [[Homi Bhabha Centre for Science Education|HBCSE Bangalore]] * ICTS Bangalore * [[National Centre for Biological Sciences|NCBS Bangalore]] |group2 = Other |list2 = * [[Bhabha Atomic Research Centre]] * [[Homi Bhabha National Institute]] * [[Indian Institute of Science]] * [[The Energy and Resources Institute]] ** [[TERI School of Advanced Studies]] * [[Tata Institute of Social Sciences]] * [[Tata Management Training Centre]] * [[Tata Theatre]] * [[Tata-Dhan Academy]] }} |group6 = Hospitals |list6 = * [[Homi Bhabha Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Visakhapatnam|Homi Bhabha Cancer Hospital & Research Centre]] * [[Tata Memorial Centre]] |group7 = Trusts |list7 = * [[Sir Dorabji Tata and Allied Trusts]] * [[Sir Ratan Tata Trust]] |group8 = ᱦᱚᱲ |list8 = {{Navbox|ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ |group1= ᱜᱩᱴ <br/>ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱮᱛ |list1= * [[ᱡᱟᱢᱥᱮᱫᱽᱡᱤ ᱴᱟᱴᱟ]] * [[ᱫᱳᱨᱚᱵᱽᱡᱤ ᱴᱟᱴᱟ]] * [[ᱱᱳᱣᱨᱳᱡᱤ ᱥᱚᱠᱞᱟᱛᱣᱟᱞᱟ]] * [[ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱜᱤᱨ ᱨᱚᱛᱚᱱᱡᱤ ᱫᱟᱫᱟᱵᱷᱟᱭ ᱴᱟᱴᱟ|ᱡᱮ. ᱟᱨ. ᱰᱤ. ᱴᱟᱴᱟ]] * [[ᱨᱚᱛᱚᱱ ᱴᱟᱴᱟ]] * [[ᱥᱟᱭᱨᱚᱥ ᱢᱤᱥᱛᱨᱤ]] * [[ᱱᱚᱴᱚᱨᱟᱡᱚᱱ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱥᱮᱠᱷᱚᱨᱚᱱ]] {{small|(ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ)}} |group2= Current |list2= {{Navbox|child |group1= Board of <br/>Tata Sons |list1= * [[Natarajan Chandrasekaran]] (Chairman) * Farida Khambata * [[Venu Srinivasan]] * [[Ajay Piramal]] * [[Ralf Speth]] * Bhaskar Bhat * [[Harish Manwani]] * Saurabh Agrawal (CFO) |group2= ᱜᱩᱴ <br/>ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱠᱚ |list2= * [[ᱱᱳᱭᱮᱞ ᱴᱟᱴᱟ]] * [[Surya Kant]] (TCS) * [[Rajesh Gopinathan]] (TCS) * [[Subramaniam Ramadorai]] * [[Guenter Butschek]] (Tata Motors) * [[Thierry Bolloré]] (JLR) |group3= ᱴᱟᱴᱟ <br/>ᱴᱨᱟᱥᱴ ᱠᱚ |list3= * [[ᱨᱚᱛᱚᱱ ᱴᱟᱴᱟ]] (ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱮᱛ) * [[R. K. Krishna Kumar]] * [[Venu Srinivasan]] * [[Ajay Piramal]] * [[Vijay Singh (administrator)|Vijay Singh]] * [[Pramit Jhaveri]] * [[Prafulla Desai]] * [[Mammen Chandy]] }} |group3= ᱢᱟᱨᱮ |list3= {{Navbox|ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ |group1= ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ |list1= * [[ᱱᱟᱵᱷᱟᱞ ᱴᱟᱴᱟ]] * [[ᱥᱤᱢᱳᱱ ᱴᱟᱴᱟ]] * [[ᱨᱚᱛᱚᱱᱡᱤ ᱫᱟᱫᱟᱵᱷᱟᱭ ᱴᱟᱴᱟ|ᱨᱚᱛᱚᱱᱡᱤ ᱫᱟᱫᱟᱵᱷᱟᱭ]] |group2= ᱮᱴᱟᱜ |list2= * [[Cyrus Mistry]] * [[Pallonji Mistry]] * [[Nowroji Saklatwala]] * [[R. Gopalakrishnan]] * [[Jamshed Jiji Irani]] * [[Ishaat Hussain]] * [[Sumant Moolgaokar]] * [[Karl Slym]] * [[Ardeshir Dalal]] * [[Russi Mody]] * [[B. Muthuraman]] * [[F. C. Kohli]] * [[S. Jaishankar]] }} }} |group9 = ᱮᱴᱟᱜᱟᱜ |list9 = * [[ᱵᱚᱢᱵᱮ ᱦᱟᱣᱩᱥ]] * [[ᱜᱚᱞ ᱚᱠ ᱥᱴᱤᱞ ᱴᱟᱨᱢᱤᱱᱟᱞ]] * [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱥᱮᱱᱴᱟᱨ]] * [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ]] * [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱥᱚᱱᱥ]] * [[ᱮᱢᱥᱴᱟᱨᱰᱟᱢ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱴᱷᱚᱱ|ᱴᱤ.ᱥᱤ.ᱮᱥ. ᱮᱢᱥᱴᱟᱨᱰᱟᱢ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱴᱷᱚᱱ]] * [[ᱱᱤᱭᱩ ᱭᱚᱨᱠ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱴᱷᱚᱱ|ᱴᱤ.ᱥᱤ.ᱮᱥ. ᱱᱤᱭᱩ ᱭᱚᱨᱠ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱴᱷᱚᱱ]] |below = * {{icon|category}} '''[[:ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ|ᱛᱷᱚᱠ]]''' }}<noinclude> [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱪᱷᱟᱸᱪ ᱠᱚ]] </noinclude> 92aotf4rlxg564lxceee3gqahe11lss 193136 193134 2026-06-25T12:11:49Z MT731 2184 193136 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ |state = {{{state<includeonly>|autocollapse</includeonly>}}} |title = [[File:Tata logo.svg|18px]] [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ]] |bodyclass = hlist |groupstyle = font-size:95%; |image = [[File:Tata logo.svg|120px]] |group1 = [[List of entities associated with Tata Group|Divisions and<br>subsidiaries]] |list1 ={{Navbox|child |group1 = Information Technology<br>& Engineering |list1 = * [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱠᱚᱱᱥᱚᱞᱴᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱥᱟᱨᱵᱤᱥᱮᱥ]] * [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱰᱤᱡᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ]] * [[TCS China]] * [[Tata Elxsi]] * [[Tata Technologies]] |group2 = Airlines |list2 = * [[Air India Limited]] ** [[Air India]] ** [[Air India Express]] * [[AirAsia India]] (84%) * [[Vistara]] (51%) |group3 = ᱢᱮᱬᱦᱮᱫ |list3 = * [[ᱡᱟᱢᱥᱮᱫᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱮᱯᱷ.ᱥᱤ.]] * [[NatSteel]] * [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱥᱴᱤᱞ]] * [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱥᱴᱤᱞ ᱵᱤ.ᱮᱥ.ᱮᱞ.]] * [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱥᱴᱤᱞ ᱭᱩᱨᱚᱯ]] * [[Tata Steel Long Products]] * [[Tata Steel Thailand]] * [[Tayo Rolls]] |group4 = Automotive |list4 = * [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱢᱳᱴᱚᱨᱥ]] * [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱢᱳᱴᱚᱨᱥ ᱠᱟᱨᱥ]] * [[Jaguar Land Rover]] ** [[Daimler Company]] ** [[Chery Jaguar Land Rover]] * [[Tata Daewoo]] * [[Tata Hispano]] * [[Tata Hitachi Construction Machinery]] |group5 = Consumer <br/>& Retail |list5 = {{Navbox|child |group1 = [[Tata Consumer Products|Tata Consumer <br>Products]] |list1 = * [[Eight O'Clock Coffee]] * [[Tata Coffee]] * [[Good Earth Tea]] * [[Tetley]] * Tata Tea * [[Tata Salt]] * Tata Cha * Himalayan Water * Tata Sampann * NourishCo * Tata Consumer Soulfull |group2 = [[Tata Chemicals]] |list2 = * [[British Salt]] * [[Tata Chemicals Europe]] * [[Magadi Soda Company|Tata Chemicals Magadi]] * [[Tata Swach]] * Rallis India |group3 = [[Trent (Westside)|Trent]] |list3 = * [[Landmark Bookstores|Landmark]] * [[Star Bazaar]] * [[Trent (Westside)|Westside]] |group4 = [[Titan Company]] |list4 = * [[Tanishq]] * [[Fastrack (fashion accessories)|Fastrack]] * Taneira * [[Favre-Leuba]] |group5 = Other |list5 = * [[Voltas]] * [[Cromā]] }} |group6 = Infrastructure |list6 = {{Navbox|child |group1= [[Tata Power]] |list1= {{Navbox|child |group1= Generation |list1= * [[Mundra Ultra Mega Power Plant|Mundra UMPP]] * [[Maithon Power Plant|Maithon Power]] |group2= Distribution |list2= * [[Tata Power Delhi Distribution Limited]] * [[TP Central Odisha Distribution Limited]] * [[Western Electricity Supply Company of Odisha|TP Western Odisha Distribution Limited]] * TP Southern Odisha Distribution Limited * [[North Eastern Electricity Supply Company of Odisha]] (51%) * TP Ajmer Distribution Limited |group3= Other |list3= * [[Tata Power Solar]] * TP Renewable Microgrid * [[Tata Power SED]] * Powerlinks Transmission (51%) }} |group2= Other |list2= * [[Tata Housing Development Company]] * Tata Projects }} |group7 = Financial Servcies |list7 = * [[Tata Capital]] * [[TATA AIG]] * [[Tata AIA Life Insurance]] * [[TATA AMC]] * [[Tata Cards]] * Tata Motors Finance * [[Indicash ATM]] * [[Ferbine]] |group8 = Aerospace & Defence |list8 = * [[Tata Advanced Systems]] * [[Tata Boeing Aerospace Limited]] * [[Tata Sikorsky Aerospace Limited]] * [[Tata Power SED]] |group9 = Tourism & Travel |list9 = * [[Indian Hotels Company Limited]] ** [[Ginger Hotels]] ** [[Taj Hotels]] ** [[TajAir]] ** TajSATS ** [[Vivanta]] ** [[The Pierre]] ** [[The Newbury Boston]] |group10 = Telecom & Media |list10 = * [[Tata Communications]] ** [[VSNL International Canada]] * [[Tata Business Support Services]] * [[Tata Teleservices]] * [[Tata Play]] * [[Tejas Networks]] |group11 = Trading & Investments |list11 = * [[Tata Investment Corp]] * [[Tata Industries]] }} |group2 = Joint ventures |list2 = * [[AirAsia India]] (84%) * [[Tata AIA Life Insurance]] (74%) * [[TATA AIG]] (74%) * [[Tata Cliq]] * [[Tata Hitachi Construction Machinery]] (40%) * [[Tata Starbucks]] (50%) * [[Vistara]] (51%) |group3 = Former <br/>holdings |list3 = * [[Piaggio Aerospace]] (33.3%) * [[Tata Oil Mills Company]] ** [[Lakmé Cosmetics]] * [[Tata Textiles]] * [[Tata Docomo]] ([[Airtel India]]) * [[Tata McGraw-Hill]] * [[Tata Interactive Systems]] * [[CMC (company)|CMC]] * [[New India Assurance]] |group4 = Sports |list4 = * [[JRD Tata Sports Complex]] * [[Tata Football Academy]] * [[Telco Club Ground]] * [[Jamshedpur FC]] * [[Tata Steel Chess Tournament]] |group5 = Institutions |list5 = {{Navbox|child |group1 = [[Tata Institute of Fundamental Research|TIFR]] |list1 = * [[Tata Institute of Fundamental Research|TIFR, Mumbai]] * [[National Centre for Radio Astrophysics|NCRA - TIFR, Pune]] * [[Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad|TIFR, Hyderabad]] * [[TIFR Centre for Applicable Mathematics|CAM Bangalore]] * [[Homi Bhabha Centre for Science Education|HBCSE Bangalore]] * ICTS Bangalore * [[National Centre for Biological Sciences|NCBS Bangalore]] |group2 = Other |list2 = * [[Bhabha Atomic Research Centre]] * [[Homi Bhabha National Institute]] * [[Indian Institute of Science]] * [[The Energy and Resources Institute]] ** [[TERI School of Advanced Studies]] * [[Tata Institute of Social Sciences]] * [[Tata Management Training Centre]] * [[Tata Theatre]] * [[Tata-Dhan Academy]] }} |group6 = Hospitals |list6 = * [[Homi Bhabha Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Visakhapatnam|Homi Bhabha Cancer Hospital & Research Centre]] * [[Tata Memorial Centre]] |group7 = Trusts |list7 = * [[Sir Dorabji Tata and Allied Trusts]] * [[Sir Ratan Tata Trust]] |group8 = ᱦᱚᱲ |list8 = {{Navbox|ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ |group1= ᱜᱩᱴ <br/>ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱮᱛ |list1= * [[ᱡᱟᱢᱥᱮᱫᱽᱡᱤ ᱴᱟᱴᱟ]] * [[ᱫᱳᱨᱚᱵᱽᱡᱤ ᱴᱟᱴᱟ]] * [[ᱱᱳᱣᱨᱳᱡᱤ ᱥᱚᱠᱞᱟᱛᱣᱟᱞᱟ]] * [[ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱜᱤᱨ ᱨᱚᱛᱚᱱᱡᱤ ᱫᱟᱫᱟᱵᱷᱟᱭ ᱴᱟᱴᱟ|ᱡᱮ. ᱟᱨ. ᱰᱤ. ᱴᱟᱴᱟ]] * [[ᱨᱚᱛᱚᱱ ᱴᱟᱴᱟ]] * [[ᱥᱟᱭᱨᱚᱥ ᱢᱤᱥᱛᱨᱤ]] * [[ᱱᱚᱴᱚᱨᱟᱡᱚᱱ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱥᱮᱠᱷᱚᱨᱚᱱ]] {{small|(ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ)}} |group2= Current |list2= {{Navbox|child |group1= Board of <br/>Tata Sons |list1= * [[Natarajan Chandrasekaran]] (Chairman) * Farida Khambata * [[Venu Srinivasan]] * [[Ajay Piramal]] * [[Ralf Speth]] * Bhaskar Bhat * [[Harish Manwani]] * Saurabh Agrawal (CFO) |group2= ᱜᱩᱴ <br/>ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱠᱚ |list2= * [[ᱱᱳᱭᱮᱞ ᱴᱟᱴᱟ]] * [[Surya Kant]] (TCS) * [[Rajesh Gopinathan]] (TCS) * [[Subramaniam Ramadorai]] * [[Guenter Butschek]] (Tata Motors) * [[Thierry Bolloré]] (JLR) |group3= ᱴᱟᱴᱟ <br/>ᱴᱨᱟᱥᱴ ᱠᱚ |list3= * [[ᱨᱚᱛᱚᱱ ᱴᱟᱴᱟ]] (ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱮᱛ) * [[R. K. Krishna Kumar]] * [[Venu Srinivasan]] * [[Ajay Piramal]] * [[Vijay Singh (administrator)|Vijay Singh]] * [[Pramit Jhaveri]] * [[Prafulla Desai]] * [[Mammen Chandy]] }} |group3= ᱢᱟᱨᱮ |list3= {{Navbox|ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ |group1= ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ |list1= * [[ᱱᱟᱵᱷᱟᱞ ᱴᱟᱴᱟ]] * [[ᱥᱤᱢᱳᱱ ᱴᱟᱴᱟ]] * [[ᱨᱚᱛᱚᱱᱡᱤ ᱫᱟᱫᱟᱵᱷᱟᱭ ᱴᱟᱴᱟ|ᱨᱚᱛᱚᱱᱡᱤ ᱫᱟᱫᱟᱵᱷᱟᱭ]] |group2= ᱮᱴᱟᱜ |list2= * [[Cyrus Mistry]] * [[Pallonji Mistry]] * [[Nowroji Saklatwala]] * [[R. Gopalakrishnan]] * [[Jamshed Jiji Irani]] * [[Ishaat Hussain]] * [[Sumant Moolgaokar]] * [[Karl Slym]] * [[Ardeshir Dalal]] * [[Russi Mody]] * [[B. Muthuraman]] * [[F. C. Kohli]] * [[S. Jaishankar]] }} }} |group9 = ᱮᱴᱟᱜᱟᱜ |list9 = * [[ᱵᱚᱢᱵᱮ ᱦᱟᱣᱩᱥ]] * [[ᱜᱚᱞ ᱚᱠ ᱥᱴᱤᱞ ᱴᱟᱨᱢᱤᱱᱟᱞ]] * [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱥᱮᱱᱴᱟᱨ]] * [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ]] * [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱥᱚᱱᱥ]] * [[ᱮᱢᱥᱴᱟᱨᱰᱟᱢ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱴᱷᱚᱱ|ᱴᱤ.ᱥᱤ.ᱮᱥ. ᱮᱢᱥᱴᱟᱨᱰᱟᱢ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱴᱷᱚᱱ]] * [[ᱱᱤᱭᱩ ᱭᱚᱨᱠ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱴᱷᱚᱱ|ᱴᱤ.ᱥᱤ.ᱮᱥ. ᱱᱤᱭᱩ ᱭᱚᱨᱠ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱴᱷᱚᱱ]] |below = * {{icon|category}} '''[[:ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ|ᱛᱷᱚᱠ]]''' }}<noinclude> [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱪᱷᱟᱸᱪ ᱠᱚ]] </noinclude> bt5vzdbzk3gwprsbmzdfr1yx89zi6xh 193141 193136 2026-06-26T01:06:42Z MT731 2184 193141 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ |state = {{{state<includeonly>|autocollapse</includeonly>}}} |title = [[File:Tata logo.svg|18px]] [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ]] |bodyclass = hlist |groupstyle = font-size:95%; |image = [[File:Tata logo.svg|120px]] |group1 = [[List of entities associated with Tata Group|Divisions and<br>subsidiaries]] |list1 ={{Navbox|child |group1 = ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱚᱨᱢᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱴᱮᱠᱱᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ<br>ᱟᱨ ᱤᱱᱡᱤᱱᱤᱭᱟᱨᱤᱝ |list1 = * [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱠᱚᱱᱥᱚᱞᱴᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱥᱟᱨᱵᱤᱥᱮᱥ]] * [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱰᱤᱡᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ]] * [[TCS China]] * [[Tata Elxsi]] * [[Tata Technologies]] |group2 = ᱮᱭᱟᱨᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱠᱚ |list2 = * [[ᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱞᱤᱢᱤᱴᱮᱰ]] ** [[ᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ]] ** [[ᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱮᱠᱯᱨᱮᱥ]] * [[ᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ]] (᱘᱔%) * [[ᱵᱷᱤᱥᱛᱟᱨᱟ]] (᱕᱑%) |group3 = ᱢᱮᱬᱦᱮᱫ |list3 = * [[ᱡᱟᱢᱥᱮᱫᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱮᱯᱷ.ᱥᱤ.]] * [[NatSteel]] * [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱥᱴᱤᱞ]] * [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱥᱴᱤᱞ ᱵᱤ.ᱮᱥ.ᱮᱞ.]] * [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱥᱴᱤᱞ ᱭᱩᱨᱚᱯ]] * [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱥᱴᱤᱞ ᱞᱚᱝᱜᱽ ᱯᱨᱚᱰᱩᱠᱥ]] * [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱥᱴᱤᱞ ᱛᱷᱟᱭᱞᱮᱱᱰ]] * [[ᱛᱟᱭᱳ ᱨᱳᱞᱥ]] |group4 = ᱚᱴᱳᱢᱳᱴᱤᱵᱷ |list4 = * [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱢᱳᱴᱚᱨᱥ]] * [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱢᱳᱴᱚᱨᱥ ᱠᱟᱨᱥ]] * [[ᱡᱟᱜᱩᱣᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱨᱳᱵᱚᱨ]] ** [[ᱰᱟᱭᱢᱞᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ]] ** [[ᱪᱮᱨᱤ ᱡᱟᱜᱩᱣᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱨᱳᱵᱚᱨ]] * [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱫᱟᱭᱣᱩ]] * [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱦᱤᱥᱯᱟᱱᱳ]] * [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱦᱤᱴᱟᱪᱤ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱥᱤᱱᱟᱨᱤ]] |group5 = Consumer <br/>& Retail |list5 = {{Navbox|child |group1 = [[Tata Consumer Products|Tata Consumer <br>Products]] |list1 = * [[Eight O'Clock Coffee]] * [[Tata Coffee]] * [[Good Earth Tea]] * [[Tetley]] * Tata Tea * [[Tata Salt]] * Tata Cha * Himalayan Water * Tata Sampann * NourishCo * Tata Consumer Soulfull |group2 = [[Tata Chemicals]] |list2 = * [[British Salt]] * [[Tata Chemicals Europe]] * [[Magadi Soda Company|Tata Chemicals Magadi]] * [[Tata Swach]] * Rallis India |group3 = [[Trent (Westside)|Trent]] |list3 = * [[Landmark Bookstores|Landmark]] * [[Star Bazaar]] * [[Trent (Westside)|Westside]] |group4 = [[Titan Company]] |list4 = * [[Tanishq]] * [[Fastrack (fashion accessories)|Fastrack]] * Taneira * [[Favre-Leuba]] |group5 = Other |list5 = * [[Voltas]] * [[Cromā]] }} |group6 = ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ |list6 = {{Navbox|child |group1= [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ]] |list1= {{Navbox|child |group1= ᱡᱮᱱᱮᱨᱮᱥᱚᱱ |list1= * [[Mundra Ultra Mega Power Plant|Mundra UMPP]] * [[ᱢᱟᱭᱛᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ|ᱢᱟᱭᱛᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ]] |group2= Distribution |list2= * [[Tata Power Delhi Distribution Limited]] * [[TP Central Odisha Distribution Limited]] * [[Western Electricity Supply Company of Odisha|TP Western Odisha Distribution Limited]] * TP Southern Odisha Distribution Limited * [[North Eastern Electricity Supply Company of Odisha]] (51%) * TP Ajmer Distribution Limited |group3= ᱮᱴᱟᱜᱟᱜ |list3= * [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱥᱳᱞᱟᱨ]] * TP Renewable Microgrid * [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱮᱥ ᱤ ᱰᱤ]] * Powerlinks Transmission (51%) }} |group2= Other |list2= * [[Tata Housing Development Company]] * Tata Projects }} |group7 = Financial Servcies |list7 = * [[Tata Capital]] * [[TATA AIG]] * [[Tata AIA Life Insurance]] * [[TATA AMC]] * [[Tata Cards]] * Tata Motors Finance * [[Indicash ATM]] * [[Ferbine]] |group8 = Aerospace & Defence |list8 = * [[Tata Advanced Systems]] * [[Tata Boeing Aerospace Limited]] * [[Tata Sikorsky Aerospace Limited]] * [[Tata Power SED]] |group9 = Tourism & Travel |list9 = * [[Indian Hotels Company Limited]] ** [[Ginger Hotels]] ** [[Taj Hotels]] ** [[TajAir]] ** TajSATS ** [[Vivanta]] ** [[The Pierre]] ** [[The Newbury Boston]] |group10 = Telecom & Media |list10 = * [[Tata Communications]] ** [[VSNL International Canada]] * [[Tata Business Support Services]] * [[Tata Teleservices]] * [[Tata Play]] * [[Tejas Networks]] |group11 = Trading & Investments |list11 = * [[Tata Investment Corp]] * [[Tata Industries]] }} |group2 = Joint ventures |list2 = * [[AirAsia India]] (84%) * [[Tata AIA Life Insurance]] (74%) * [[TATA AIG]] (74%) * [[Tata Cliq]] * [[Tata Hitachi Construction Machinery]] (40%) * [[Tata Starbucks]] (50%) * [[Vistara]] (51%) |group3 = Former <br/>holdings |list3 = * [[Piaggio Aerospace]] (33.3%) * [[Tata Oil Mills Company]] ** [[Lakmé Cosmetics]] * [[Tata Textiles]] * [[Tata Docomo]] ([[Airtel India]]) * [[Tata McGraw-Hill]] * [[Tata Interactive Systems]] * [[CMC (company)|CMC]] * [[New India Assurance]] |group4 = Sports |list4 = * [[JRD Tata Sports Complex]] * [[Tata Football Academy]] * [[Telco Club Ground]] * [[Jamshedpur FC]] * [[Tata Steel Chess Tournament]] |group5 = Institutions |list5 = {{Navbox|child |group1 = [[Tata Institute of Fundamental Research|TIFR]] |list1 = * [[Tata Institute of Fundamental Research|TIFR, Mumbai]] * [[National Centre for Radio Astrophysics|NCRA - TIFR, Pune]] * [[Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad|TIFR, Hyderabad]] * [[TIFR Centre for Applicable Mathematics|CAM Bangalore]] * [[Homi Bhabha Centre for Science Education|HBCSE Bangalore]] * ICTS Bangalore * [[National Centre for Biological Sciences|NCBS Bangalore]] |group2 = Other |list2 = * [[Bhabha Atomic Research Centre]] * [[Homi Bhabha National Institute]] * [[Indian Institute of Science]] * [[The Energy and Resources Institute]] ** [[TERI School of Advanced Studies]] * [[Tata Institute of Social Sciences]] * [[Tata Management Training Centre]] * [[Tata Theatre]] * [[Tata-Dhan Academy]] }} |group6 = Hospitals |list6 = * [[Homi Bhabha Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Visakhapatnam|Homi Bhabha Cancer Hospital & Research Centre]] * [[Tata Memorial Centre]] |group7 = Trusts |list7 = * [[Sir Dorabji Tata and Allied Trusts]] * [[Sir Ratan Tata Trust]] |group8 = ᱦᱚᱲ |list8 = {{Navbox|ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ |group1= ᱜᱩᱴ <br/>ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱮᱛ |list1= * [[ᱡᱟᱢᱥᱮᱫᱽᱡᱤ ᱴᱟᱴᱟ]] * [[ᱫᱳᱨᱚᱵᱽᱡᱤ ᱴᱟᱴᱟ]] * [[ᱱᱳᱣᱨᱳᱡᱤ ᱥᱚᱠᱞᱟᱛᱣᱟᱞᱟ]] * [[ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱜᱤᱨ ᱨᱚᱛᱚᱱᱡᱤ ᱫᱟᱫᱟᱵᱷᱟᱭ ᱴᱟᱴᱟ|ᱡᱮ. ᱟᱨ. ᱰᱤ. ᱴᱟᱴᱟ]] * [[ᱨᱚᱛᱚᱱ ᱴᱟᱴᱟ]] * [[ᱥᱟᱭᱨᱚᱥ ᱢᱤᱥᱛᱨᱤ]] * [[ᱱᱚᱴᱚᱨᱟᱡᱚᱱ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱥᱮᱠᱷᱚᱨᱚᱱ]] {{small|(ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ)}} |group2= Current |list2= {{Navbox|child |group1= Board of <br/>Tata Sons |list1= * [[Natarajan Chandrasekaran]] (Chairman) * Farida Khambata * [[Venu Srinivasan]] * [[Ajay Piramal]] * [[Ralf Speth]] * Bhaskar Bhat * [[Harish Manwani]] * Saurabh Agrawal (CFO) |group2= ᱜᱩᱴ <br/>ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱠᱚ |list2= * [[ᱱᱳᱭᱮᱞ ᱴᱟᱴᱟ]] * [[Surya Kant]] (TCS) * [[Rajesh Gopinathan]] (TCS) * [[Subramaniam Ramadorai]] * [[Guenter Butschek]] (Tata Motors) * [[Thierry Bolloré]] (JLR) |group3= ᱴᱟᱴᱟ <br/>ᱴᱨᱟᱥᱴ ᱠᱚ |list3= * [[ᱨᱚᱛᱚᱱ ᱴᱟᱴᱟ]] (ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱮᱛ) * [[R. K. Krishna Kumar]] * [[Venu Srinivasan]] * [[Ajay Piramal]] * [[Vijay Singh (administrator)|Vijay Singh]] * [[Pramit Jhaveri]] * [[Prafulla Desai]] * [[Mammen Chandy]] }} |group3= ᱢᱟᱨᱮ |list3= {{Navbox|ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ |group1= ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ |list1= * [[ᱱᱟᱵᱷᱟᱞ ᱴᱟᱴᱟ]] * [[ᱥᱤᱢᱳᱱ ᱴᱟᱴᱟ]] * [[ᱨᱚᱛᱚᱱᱡᱤ ᱫᱟᱫᱟᱵᱷᱟᱭ ᱴᱟᱴᱟ|ᱨᱚᱛᱚᱱᱡᱤ ᱫᱟᱫᱟᱵᱷᱟᱭ]] |group2= ᱮᱴᱟᱜ |list2= * [[Cyrus Mistry]] * [[Pallonji Mistry]] * [[Nowroji Saklatwala]] * [[R. Gopalakrishnan]] * [[Jamshed Jiji Irani]] * [[Ishaat Hussain]] * [[Sumant Moolgaokar]] * [[Karl Slym]] * [[Ardeshir Dalal]] * [[Russi Mody]] * [[B. Muthuraman]] * [[F. C. Kohli]] * [[S. Jaishankar]] }} }} |group9 = ᱮᱴᱟᱜᱟᱜ |list9 = * [[ᱵᱚᱢᱵᱮ ᱦᱟᱣᱩᱥ]] * [[ᱜᱚᱞ ᱚᱠ ᱥᱴᱤᱞ ᱴᱟᱨᱢᱤᱱᱟᱞ]] * [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱥᱮᱱᱴᱟᱨ]] * [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ]] * [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱥᱚᱱᱥ]] * [[ᱮᱢᱥᱴᱟᱨᱰᱟᱢ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱴᱷᱚᱱ|ᱴᱤ.ᱥᱤ.ᱮᱥ. ᱮᱢᱥᱴᱟᱨᱰᱟᱢ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱴᱷᱚᱱ]] * [[ᱱᱤᱭᱩ ᱭᱚᱨᱠ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱴᱷᱚᱱ|ᱴᱤ.ᱥᱤ.ᱮᱥ. ᱱᱤᱭᱩ ᱭᱚᱨᱠ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱴᱷᱚᱱ]] |below = * {{icon|category}} '''[[:ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ|ᱛᱷᱚᱠ]]''' }}<noinclude> [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱪᱷᱟᱸᱪ ᱠᱚ]] </noinclude> jf11huhw5r24qsf7msu8kmzswsgjxga 193142 193141 2026-06-26T01:13:37Z MT731 2184 193142 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox |name = ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ |state = {{{state<includeonly>|autocollapse</includeonly>}}} |title = [[File:Tata logo.svg|18px]] [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ]] |bodyclass = hlist |groupstyle = font-size:95%; |image = [[File:Tata logo.svg|120px]] |group1 = [[List of entities associated with Tata Group|ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱨ<br>ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱠᱚ]] |list1 ={{Navbox|child |group1 = ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱚᱨᱢᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱴᱮᱠᱱᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ<br>ᱟᱨ ᱤᱱᱡᱤᱱᱤᱭᱟᱨᱤᱝ |list1 = * [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱠᱚᱱᱥᱚᱞᱴᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱥᱟᱨᱵᱤᱥᱮᱥ]] * [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱰᱤᱡᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ]] * [[TCS China]] * [[Tata Elxsi]] * [[Tata Technologies]] |group2 = ᱮᱭᱟᱨᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱠᱚ |list2 = * [[ᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱞᱤᱢᱤᱴᱮᱰ]] ** [[ᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ]] ** [[ᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱮᱠᱯᱨᱮᱥ]] * [[ᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ]] (᱘᱔%) * [[ᱵᱷᱤᱥᱛᱟᱨᱟ]] (᱕᱑%) |group3 = ᱢᱮᱬᱦᱮᱫ |list3 = * [[ᱡᱟᱢᱥᱮᱫᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱮᱯᱷ.ᱥᱤ.]] * [[NatSteel]] * [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱥᱴᱤᱞ]] * [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱥᱴᱤᱞ ᱵᱤ.ᱮᱥ.ᱮᱞ.]] * [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱥᱴᱤᱞ ᱭᱩᱨᱚᱯ]] * [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱥᱴᱤᱞ ᱞᱚᱝᱜᱽ ᱯᱨᱚᱰᱩᱠᱥ]] * [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱥᱴᱤᱞ ᱛᱷᱟᱭᱞᱮᱱᱰ]] * [[ᱛᱟᱭᱳ ᱨᱳᱞᱥ]] |group4 = ᱚᱴᱳᱢᱳᱴᱤᱵᱷ |list4 = * [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱢᱳᱴᱚᱨᱥ]] * [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱢᱳᱴᱚᱨᱥ ᱠᱟᱨᱥ]] * [[ᱡᱟᱜᱩᱣᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱨᱳᱵᱚᱨ]] ** [[ᱰᱟᱭᱢᱞᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ]] ** [[ᱪᱮᱨᱤ ᱡᱟᱜᱩᱣᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱨᱳᱵᱚᱨ]] * [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱫᱟᱭᱣᱩ]] * [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱦᱤᱥᱯᱟᱱᱳ]] * [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱦᱤᱴᱟᱪᱤ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱥᱤᱱᱟᱨᱤ]] |group5 = Consumer <br/>& Retail |list5 = {{Navbox|child |group1 = [[Tata Consumer Products|Tata Consumer <br>Products]] |list1 = * [[Eight O'Clock Coffee]] * [[Tata Coffee]] * [[Good Earth Tea]] * [[Tetley]] * Tata Tea * [[Tata Salt]] * Tata Cha * Himalayan Water * Tata Sampann * NourishCo * Tata Consumer Soulfull |group2 = [[Tata Chemicals]] |list2 = * [[British Salt]] * [[Tata Chemicals Europe]] * [[Magadi Soda Company|Tata Chemicals Magadi]] * [[Tata Swach]] * Rallis India |group3 = [[Trent (Westside)|Trent]] |list3 = * [[Landmark Bookstores|Landmark]] * [[Star Bazaar]] * [[Trent (Westside)|Westside]] |group4 = [[Titan Company]] |list4 = * [[Tanishq]] * [[Fastrack (fashion accessories)|Fastrack]] * Taneira * [[Favre-Leuba]] |group5 = Other |list5 = * [[Voltas]] * [[Cromā]] }} |group6 = ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ |list6 = {{Navbox|child |group1= [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ]] |list1= {{Navbox|child |group1= ᱡᱮᱱᱮᱨᱮᱥᱚᱱ |list1= * [[ᱢᱩᱱᱫᱨᱟ ᱟᱞᱴᱨᱟ ᱢᱮᱜᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ|ᱢᱩᱱᱫᱨᱟ ᱭᱩᱮᱢᱯᱤᱯᱤ]] * [[ᱢᱟᱭᱛᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ|ᱢᱟᱭᱛᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ]] |group2= ᱦᱟᱯᱟᱴᱤᱧ |list2= * [[Tata Power Delhi Distribution Limited]] * [[TP Central Odisha Distribution Limited]] * [[Western Electricity Supply Company of Odisha|TP Western Odisha Distribution Limited]] * TP Southern Odisha Distribution Limited * [[North Eastern Electricity Supply Company of Odisha]] (51%) * TP Ajmer Distribution Limited |group3= ᱮᱴᱟᱜᱟᱜ |list3= * [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱥᱳᱞᱟᱨ]] * TP Renewable Microgrid * [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱮᱥ ᱤ ᱰᱤ]] * Powerlinks Transmission (51%) }} |group2= ᱮᱴᱟᱜᱟᱜ |list2= * [[Tata Housing Development Company]] * Tata Projects }} |group7 = Financial Servcies |list7 = * [[Tata Capital]] * [[TATA AIG]] * [[Tata AIA Life Insurance]] * [[TATA AMC]] * [[Tata Cards]] * Tata Motors Finance * [[Indicash ATM]] * [[Ferbine]] |group8 = Aerospace & Defence |list8 = * [[Tata Advanced Systems]] * [[Tata Boeing Aerospace Limited]] * [[Tata Sikorsky Aerospace Limited]] * [[Tata Power SED]] |group9 = Tourism & Travel |list9 = * [[Indian Hotels Company Limited]] ** [[Ginger Hotels]] ** [[Taj Hotels]] ** [[TajAir]] ** TajSATS ** [[Vivanta]] ** [[The Pierre]] ** [[The Newbury Boston]] |group10 = Telecom & Media |list10 = * [[Tata Communications]] ** [[VSNL International Canada]] * [[Tata Business Support Services]] * [[Tata Teleservices]] * [[Tata Play]] * [[Tejas Networks]] |group11 = Trading & Investments |list11 = * [[Tata Investment Corp]] * [[Tata Industries]] }} |group2 = Joint ventures |list2 = * [[AirAsia India]] (84%) * [[Tata AIA Life Insurance]] (74%) * [[TATA AIG]] (74%) * [[Tata Cliq]] * [[Tata Hitachi Construction Machinery]] (40%) * [[Tata Starbucks]] (50%) * [[Vistara]] (51%) |group3 = Former <br/>holdings |list3 = * [[Piaggio Aerospace]] (33.3%) * [[Tata Oil Mills Company]] ** [[Lakmé Cosmetics]] * [[Tata Textiles]] * [[Tata Docomo]] ([[Airtel India]]) * [[Tata McGraw-Hill]] * [[Tata Interactive Systems]] * [[CMC (company)|CMC]] * [[New India Assurance]] |group4 = Sports |list4 = * [[JRD Tata Sports Complex]] * [[Tata Football Academy]] * [[Telco Club Ground]] * [[Jamshedpur FC]] * [[Tata Steel Chess Tournament]] |group5 = Institutions |list5 = {{Navbox|child |group1 = [[Tata Institute of Fundamental Research|TIFR]] |list1 = * [[Tata Institute of Fundamental Research|TIFR, Mumbai]] * [[National Centre for Radio Astrophysics|NCRA - TIFR, Pune]] * [[Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad|TIFR, Hyderabad]] * [[TIFR Centre for Applicable Mathematics|CAM Bangalore]] * [[Homi Bhabha Centre for Science Education|HBCSE Bangalore]] * ICTS Bangalore * [[National Centre for Biological Sciences|NCBS Bangalore]] |group2 = Other |list2 = * [[Bhabha Atomic Research Centre]] * [[Homi Bhabha National Institute]] * [[Indian Institute of Science]] * [[The Energy and Resources Institute]] ** [[TERI School of Advanced Studies]] * [[Tata Institute of Social Sciences]] * [[Tata Management Training Centre]] * [[Tata Theatre]] * [[Tata-Dhan Academy]] }} |group6 = Hospitals |list6 = * [[Homi Bhabha Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Visakhapatnam|Homi Bhabha Cancer Hospital & Research Centre]] * [[Tata Memorial Centre]] |group7 = Trusts |list7 = * [[Sir Dorabji Tata and Allied Trusts]] * [[Sir Ratan Tata Trust]] |group8 = ᱦᱚᱲ |list8 = {{Navbox|ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ |group1= ᱜᱩᱴ <br/>ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱮᱛ |list1= * [[ᱡᱟᱢᱥᱮᱫᱽᱡᱤ ᱴᱟᱴᱟ]] * [[ᱫᱳᱨᱚᱵᱽᱡᱤ ᱴᱟᱴᱟ]] * [[ᱱᱳᱣᱨᱳᱡᱤ ᱥᱚᱠᱞᱟᱛᱣᱟᱞᱟ]] * [[ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱜᱤᱨ ᱨᱚᱛᱚᱱᱡᱤ ᱫᱟᱫᱟᱵᱷᱟᱭ ᱴᱟᱴᱟ|ᱡᱮ. ᱟᱨ. ᱰᱤ. ᱴᱟᱴᱟ]] * [[ᱨᱚᱛᱚᱱ ᱴᱟᱴᱟ]] * [[ᱥᱟᱭᱨᱚᱥ ᱢᱤᱥᱛᱨᱤ]] * [[ᱱᱚᱴᱚᱨᱟᱡᱚᱱ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱥᱮᱠᱷᱚᱨᱚᱱ]] {{small|(ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ)}} |group2= Current |list2= {{Navbox|child |group1= Board of <br/>Tata Sons |list1= * [[Natarajan Chandrasekaran]] (Chairman) * Farida Khambata * [[Venu Srinivasan]] * [[Ajay Piramal]] * [[Ralf Speth]] * Bhaskar Bhat * [[Harish Manwani]] * Saurabh Agrawal (CFO) |group2= ᱜᱩᱴ <br/>ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱠᱚ |list2= * [[ᱱᱳᱭᱮᱞ ᱴᱟᱴᱟ]] * [[Surya Kant]] (TCS) * [[Rajesh Gopinathan]] (TCS) * [[Subramaniam Ramadorai]] * [[Guenter Butschek]] (Tata Motors) * [[Thierry Bolloré]] (JLR) |group3= ᱴᱟᱴᱟ <br/>ᱴᱨᱟᱥᱴ ᱠᱚ |list3= * [[ᱨᱚᱛᱚᱱ ᱴᱟᱴᱟ]] (ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱮᱛ) * [[R. K. Krishna Kumar]] * [[Venu Srinivasan]] * [[Ajay Piramal]] * [[Vijay Singh (administrator)|Vijay Singh]] * [[Pramit Jhaveri]] * [[Prafulla Desai]] * [[Mammen Chandy]] }} |group3= ᱢᱟᱨᱮ |list3= {{Navbox|ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ |group1= ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ |list1= * [[ᱱᱟᱵᱷᱟᱞ ᱴᱟᱴᱟ]] * [[ᱥᱤᱢᱳᱱ ᱴᱟᱴᱟ]] * [[ᱨᱚᱛᱚᱱᱡᱤ ᱫᱟᱫᱟᱵᱷᱟᱭ ᱴᱟᱴᱟ|ᱨᱚᱛᱚᱱᱡᱤ ᱫᱟᱫᱟᱵᱷᱟᱭ]] |group2= ᱮᱴᱟᱜ |list2= * [[Cyrus Mistry]] * [[Pallonji Mistry]] * [[Nowroji Saklatwala]] * [[R. Gopalakrishnan]] * [[Jamshed Jiji Irani]] * [[Ishaat Hussain]] * [[Sumant Moolgaokar]] * [[Karl Slym]] * [[Ardeshir Dalal]] * [[Russi Mody]] * [[B. Muthuraman]] * [[F. C. Kohli]] * [[S. Jaishankar]] }} }} |group9 = ᱮᱴᱟᱜᱟᱜ |list9 = * [[ᱵᱚᱢᱵᱮ ᱦᱟᱣᱩᱥ]] * [[ᱜᱚᱞ ᱚᱠ ᱥᱴᱤᱞ ᱴᱟᱨᱢᱤᱱᱟᱞ]] * [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱥᱮᱱᱴᱟᱨ]] * [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ]] * [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱥᱚᱱᱥ]] * [[ᱮᱢᱥᱴᱟᱨᱰᱟᱢ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱴᱷᱚᱱ|ᱴᱤ.ᱥᱤ.ᱮᱥ. ᱮᱢᱥᱴᱟᱨᱰᱟᱢ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱴᱷᱚᱱ]] * [[ᱱᱤᱭᱩ ᱭᱚᱨᱠ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱴᱷᱚᱱ|ᱴᱤ.ᱥᱤ.ᱮᱥ. ᱱᱤᱭᱩ ᱭᱚᱨᱠ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱴᱷᱚᱱ]] |below = * {{icon|category}} '''[[:ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ|ᱛᱷᱚᱠ]]''' }}<noinclude> [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱪᱷᱟᱸᱪ ᱠᱚ]] </noinclude> 6uz8zkmx0uj7o54aak1l1jxyn6nqymd 0 23499 193158 192675 2026-06-26T07:56:20Z InternetArchiveBot 3665 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 193158 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = ᱢᱟᱭᱤᱞᱥ ᱞᱚᱝᱜᱽ | image = Miles-long-2011-AVN-awards.jpg | caption = Long's 2011 [[AVN Awards]] Hall of Fame photograph, Las Vegas, Nevada | birth_name = | birth_date = {{birth date and age|mf=yes|1968|11|04}}<ref name=IAFD>{{iafd name|id=mileslong|gender=male|name=Miles Long}}</ref> | birth_place = [[San Francisco, California]], U.S.<ref name=IAFD/> | height = {{height|ft=5|in=10}}<ref name=IAFD/> | website = {{url|www.mileslong4real.com}} }} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] ᱢᱤᱞᱥ ᱞᱚᱝ (ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱔ ᱱᱚᱵᱷᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱑᱙᱖᱘) ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱢᱤᱨᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱳᱨᱱᱳᱜᱽᱨᱟᱯᱷᱤᱠ ᱪᱚᱞᱚᱛᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱤᱡ , ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱤᱡ , ᱯᱳᱨᱱᱳᱜᱽᱯᱷᱤᱠ ᱚᱵᱷᱤᱱᱮᱛᱟ , ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ<ref name="AVNint">{{Cite web |title=NightMoves Publishes Miles Long's Interview With Kenzie Taylor |url=https://avn.com/business/press-release/video/nightmoves-publishes-miles-long-s-interview-with-kenzie-taylor-899364.html |access-date=2021-03-16 |publisher=AVN.com}}</ref> ᱟᱨ ᱨᱤᱠᱟᱨᱰ ᱞᱮᱵᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤᱠ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ᱾<ref name="IMDb">{{Cite web |title=Miles Long Filmography |url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0519117/ |access-date=2017-02-19 |publisher=IMDb}}</ref><ref name="AVNmags">{{Cite web |title=Magazine Covers |url=https://avn.com/business/press-release/novelty/miles-long-continues-to-grow-photography-career-other-ventures-594373.html |access-date=2015-03-16 |publisher=AVN.com}}</ref><ref name="AVNEDM">{{Cite web |title=Miles Long's EDM Label Announces Chip E. Appearances |url=https://avn.com/business/press-release/video/miles-longs-edm-label-announces-chip-e-appearance-769124.html |access-date=2018-11-14 |publisher=AVN.com |archive-date=2018-11-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181114225025/https://avn.com/business/press-release/video/miles-longs-edm-label-announces-chip-e-appearance-769124.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> == ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ == ᱞᱚᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱭᱠᱮᱞ ᱱᱤᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱮᱢᱮᱨᱟᱢᱮᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱷᱳᱴᱳᱯᱷᱳᱨᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱤᱡ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾<ref name="Cameraman">{{Cite web |title=X-Worx Pumps Out Sequel |url=http://business.avn.com/articles/X-Worx-Pumps-Out-i-Ass-Fanatics-i-Sequel-43241.html |access-date=2010-09-30 |publisher=AVN |archive-date=2012-09-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120926143837/http://business.avn.com/articles/X-Worx-Pumps-Out-i-Ass-Fanatics-i-Sequel-43241.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> 2007 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱮᱞᱤᱵᱷᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱡ ᱚᱱᱴᱳᱞᱰ ᱥᱴᱨᱤᱯᱠᱞᱵ ᱠᱚᱱᱯᱷᱮᱥᱮᱱᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱳᱨᱱᱳᱜᱽᱨᱟᱯᱷᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱤᱡ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱞᱚᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱲᱩᱫ ᱛᱚᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱴᱤᱵᱷᱤᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾<ref name="IMDb2">{{Cite web |title=Untold Stripclub Confessions |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0975490/ |access-date=2017-02-19 |publisher=IMDb}}</ref> ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱥᱴᱮᱡ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱴᱨᱮᱰᱢᱟᱨᱠ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱜᱤᱞ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱠᱳᱢᱯᱟᱱᱤ ᱵᱤᱨᱩᱫᱷᱨᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱞᱤᱥ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱪᱷᱟᱹᱲ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱫᱩᱨᱤᱵᱽ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱴᱮᱡ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱮ ᱵᱮᱣᱦᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾<ref name="trademark">{{Cite web |title=Miles Long Trademark's Name and Stays Busy With New Movies |url=http://business.avn.com/articles/video/Miles-Long-Trademarks-Name-Stays-Busy-With-New-Movies-451029.html |access-date=2011-11-12 |publisher=AVN.com |archive-date=2011-11-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111121000800/http://business.avn.com/articles/video/Miles-Long-Trademarks-Name-Stays-Busy-With-New-Movies-451029.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> 2020 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱩᱭᱤᱥᱩᱭᱤᱠ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱡᱤᱱ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱨᱤᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱳᱵᱷᱤᱫᱼ᱑᱙ ᱜᱟᱹᱞᱤᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱥᱮᱨ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱤᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾<ref name="Newseek">{{Cite web |date=17 April 2020 |title=How the Corona Virus Pandemic is affecting the Adult Business |url=https://www.newsweek.com/coronavirus-sex-workers-cam-girls-online-1498024 |access-date=2020-04-19 |publisher=Newsweek.com}}</ref> 2021 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱱᱟᱭᱤᱴᱢᱳᱵᱷᱥ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱡᱤᱱ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱟᱞᱢᱚᱱᱤᱠ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱚᱞ ᱮ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ , ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱟᱡ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱯᱨᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱴᱷᱚᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱤᱪᱷᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ , ᱡᱟᱸᱦᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱪᱷᱚᱱᱟᱭ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱦᱚᱲᱟᱱ ᱦᱤᱸᱥ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮ ᱪᱷᱟᱹᱲ ᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾<ref name="AVNint"/><ref name="XBIZint">{{Cite web |title=Miles Long Directs 2 New 'Squirt-Centric' Scenes for Bang.com |url=https://www.xbiz.com/news/256917/miles-long-directs-2-new-squirt-centric-scenes-for-bang-com |access-date=2021-03-16 |publisher=XBIZ.com}}</ref> ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱮᱰᱤᱣᱳ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱴᱮᱨ ᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ , ᱟᱢᱵᱟᱨ ᱞᱤᱱ<ref name="LATalk">{{Cite web |title=Find Amber Lynn's Rock'N'Sexxxy Uncensored On Stitcher, iTunes |url=https://avn.com/business/press-release/technology/find-amber-lynns-rocknsexxxy-uncensored-on-stitcher-itunes-825109.html |access-date=2019-03-11 |publisher=AVN.com}}</ref> ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱞᱚᱛᱚᱠᱨᱟᱰᱤᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱴᱤ ᱠᱮᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ<ref name="AVNXM">{{Cite web |title=Christy Canyon Interviews Miles Long On Her Vivid Radio Show |url=https://avn.com/business/press-release/video/christy-canyon-interviews-miles-long-on-her-vivid-radio-show-897568.html |access-date=2021-03-16 |publisher=AVN.com}}</ref> ᱟᱨ ᱞᱤᱥᱟ ᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱭᱮᱥ ᱮᱠᱥ ᱮᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱤᱵᱤᱰ ᱨᱮᱰᱤᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="LisaXM">{{Cite web |title=Miles Long - Award-Winning Adult Film Director |url=https://siriusxm.us/LisaAnnExperience |access-date=2021-05-06 |publisher=SiriusXM}}</ref><ref name="LisaXM2">{{Cite web |date=7 May 2021 |title=Miles Long Featured on New Episode of 'The Lisa Ann Experience' |url=https://www.xbiz.com/news/259096/miles-long-featured-on-new-episode-of-the-lisa-ann-experience |access-date=2021-05-09 |publisher=XBIZ}}</ref> ᱒᱐᱒᱑ ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱩᱱ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱳ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱭᱩᱠᱮᱹ ᱴᱤᱵᱷᱤ ᱥᱳ ᱫᱟᱡᱽ ᱢᱟᱨᱱᱤᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱜᱤᱞ ᱮ ᱥᱮᱴᱮᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱩᱞᱟᱹᱲ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱴᱤᱵᱷᱤ ᱤᱱᱴᱟᱨᱵᱷᱤᱭᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱟᱱ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱰᱮᱞᱤ<ref name="DailyMirror">{{Cite web |date=17 June 2021 |title=This Morning's Holly Willoughby clashes with porn star who's slept with 4,000 women |url=https://www.mirror.co.uk/tv/tv-news/mornings-holly-willoughby-clashes-porn-24344030 |access-date=2021-06-17 |publisher=Daily Mirror}}</ref> ᱢᱤᱨᱚᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱰᱵᱤᱵᱤᱞ<ref name="LADBIBLE">{{Cite web |date=17 June 2021 |title=Adult Star Miles Long Reveals The Untold Secrets Of The Industry |url=https://www.ladbible.com/community/interesting-adult-star-miles-long-reveals-some-of-the-secrets-of-the-industry-20210617 |access-date=2021-06-17 |publisher=LADBible |archive-date=2021-06-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624041849/https://www.ladbible.com/community/interesting-adult-star-miles-long-reveals-some-of-the-secrets-of-the-industry-20210617 |url-status=dead }}</ref> ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ 20233 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱮᱵᱷᱤ ᱮᱱ نائᱴᱢᱳᱵᱷᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ , ᱮ ᱟᱭ ᱮ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱱ ᱮᱠᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱠᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤ ᱳ ᱦᱚᱞᱥ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱯᱷᱟᱢ ᱑ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱥ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱭᱤᱴᱢᱳᱵᱽᱥ ᱴᱨᱤᱯᱚᱞᱮ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱞᱟᱭᱯᱷᱴᱟᱭᱢ ᱮᱪᱤᱵᱷᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱟᱹᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾<ref name="LifeAch">{{Cite web |date=12 October 2022 |title=Miles Long Earns NightMoves' Lifetime Achievement Award |url=https://www.xbiz.com/news/269405/miles-long-earns-nightmoves-lifetime-achievement-award |access-date=2022-10-12 |publisher=XBIZ}}</ref><ref name="Playboy 6">{{Cite web |title=Miles Long Receives NightMoves Lifetime Achievement Award |url=https://avn.com/business/press-release/video/miles-long-receives-nightmoves-lifetime-achievement-award-910601.html |access-date=2022-10-13 |publisher=AVN}}</ref> ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱳᱭᱞᱳ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱮᱥᱴᱨᱚᱞᱤᱚ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱥᱴᱨᱚᱞᱤᱟᱱ ᱮᱰᱚᱞᱴ ᱤᱱᱰᱟᱥᱴᱨᱤ ᱮᱣᱟᱨᱰᱥ ᱦᱚᱞ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱯᱷᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾<ref name="AAIA">{{Cite web |title=Miles Long Inducted Into AAIA Hall of Fame |url=https://avn.com/business/press-release/video/miles-long-inducted-into-aaia-hall-of-fame-918499.html |access-date=2023-05-15 |publisher=AVN}}</ref> == ᱢᱩᱲᱩᱫᱼᱥᱚᱨᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱨᱤᱠᱟᱹᱠᱚ == ᱒᱐᱒᱑ ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱚᱝ ᱟᱭᱟᱜ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱼᱵᱷᱤᱰᱤᱣᱳᱜᱨᱟᱯᱷᱤ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱞᱤᱝᱜᱟᱨᱤ ᱯᱷᱟᱭᱴᱤᱝ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱤᱭᱚᱱᱥᱤᱯ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱮᱢ ᱮᱢ ᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱥᱞᱤᱝ ᱯᱤ ᱯᱤ ᱵᱷᱤ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱳ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱩᱠᱩ ᱱᱮᱴᱳᱣᱟᱨᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱪᱮᱱᱮᱞ ᱮ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾<ref name="Roku">{{Cite web |title=LFC Network on Roku |url=https://channelstore.roku.com/en-gb/details/7c200a43c78d889bf769ccc8c2be1726/lfc-networka |access-date=2022-05-25 |publisher=Roku |archive-date=2023-08-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230811161245/https://channelstore.roku.com/en-gb/details/7c200a43c78d889bf769ccc8c2be1726/lfc-networka |url-status=dead }}</ref> ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱳ ' ''ᱢᱳᱫᱽᱡ'' ᱮᱱᱰ ᱵᱳᱰᱡ ' ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱤᱱᱴᱟᱨᱵᱷᱤᱭᱩ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱫᱚ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱪᱚᱞᱚᱛ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱸᱶᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱛᱟᱸᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱟᱥᱴᱚᱢ ᱥᱳ ᱠᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱳ ᱵᱟᱭᱤᱠ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱩᱯᱤᱥ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱤᱪᱷᱚᱱᱟ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱳ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱱᱴᱟᱨᱵᱷᱤᱭᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱭᱩ ᱠᱮ ᱥᱤᱝᱜᱚᱯᱳᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱫ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="LA Weekly">{{Cite web |date=25 May 2022 |title=ENTERTAINMENT ENTREPRENEUR MILES LONG LAUNCHES CAR SHOW FEATURING LINGERIE-CLAD MODELS |url=https://www.laweekly.com/entertainment-entrepreneur-miles-long-launches-car-show-featuring-lingerie-clad-models/ |access-date=2022-05-25 |publisher=LA Weekly}}</ref><ref name="Deadline News">{{Cite web |date=28 April 2022 |title=EBUSINESS OWNER MILES LONG LAUNCHES CAR SHOW WITH A DIFFERENCE |url=https://www.deadlinenews.co.uk/2022/04/28/business-owner-miles-long-launches-car-show-with-a-difference/ |access-date=2022-04-28 |publisher=Deadline News}}</ref><ref name="IBT">{{Cite web |date=22 April 2022 |title=Entertainment entrepreneur Miles Long launches car show featuring Lingerie-Clad models |url=https://www.ibtimes.sg/entertainment-entrepreneur-miles-long-launches-car-show-featuring-lingerie-clad-models-64189 |access-date=2022-04-22 |website=International Business Times}}</ref><ref name="The WEEK">{{Cite web |title=An entertainment entrepreneur is combining his two passions to create a car show with a difference |url=https://www.theweek.in/news/biz-tech/2022/04/22/an-entertainment-entrepreneur-is-combining-his-two-passions-to-c.html |access-date=2022-04-22 |publisher=The WEEK}}</ref> ᱒᱐᱒᱒ ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱞᱚᱝ ᱢᱮᱱᱥᱴᱨᱤᱢ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱡᱤᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ , ᱡᱟᱸᱦᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱟᱜ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱰᱚᱡᱮᱱ ᱰᱚᱡ ᱠᱳᱵᱷᱟᱨᱥ ᱞᱮᱭᱟᱩᱴ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱯᱷ ᱮᱭᱤᱪ ᱮᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱞᱮᱵᱚᱭ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱥ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱡᱤᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱱᱴᱟᱨᱯᱷᱳᱞᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="FHM1">{{Cite web |title=Rachael Cavalli Scores Aussie FHM Cover & Playboy Feature |url=https://avn.com/business/press-release/video/rachael-cavalli-delights-with-aussie-fhm-cover-amp-playboy-feature-908037.html |access-date=2022-06-08 |publisher=AVN}}</ref><ref name="FHM2">{{Cite web |title=Jenna Starr Graces Cover of 'FHM' Magazine - French Edition |url=https://avn.com/business/press-release/video/jenna-starr-graces-cover-of-fhm-magazine-french-edition-908339.html |access-date=2022-06-23 |publisher=AVN}}</ref><ref name="FHM3">{{Cite web |title=Eva Long - Living the Dream |url=https://fhmsa.co.za/living-the-dream/ |access-date=2022-06-01 |publisher=FHM South Africa |archive-date=2022-08-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220810135557/https://fhmsa.co.za/living-the-dream/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="Playboy 1">{{Cite web |title=Shay Lynn |url=https://playboy.co.za/2022/07/01/sensual/ |access-date=2022-07-01 |publisher=Playboy South Africa |archive-date=2022-10-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221013021252/https://playboy.co.za/2022/07/01/sensual/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="FHM4">{{Cite web |title=Exhilarating Sofie Marie |url=https://fhmaustralia.com/2022/08/01/exhilarating/ |access-date=2022-08-01 |publisher=FHM Australia |archive-date=2022-10-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221013021258/https://fhmaustralia.com/2022/08/01/exhilarating/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="FHM5">{{Cite web |title=Good vibes Only Veronika Valentine |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CjQroDGLA0y/?hl=en |access-date=2022-10-01 |publisher=FHM Australia}}</ref><ref name="Playboy 3">{{Cite web |title=We Heart Angel Beau |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CbzvWkDD-sn/?utm_source=ig_web_copy_link |access-date=2022-04-01 |publisher=Playboy Denmark}}</ref><ref name="Playboy 4">{{Cite web |title=Miss Burlesque World 2022 Shimmy La Roux |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CeRREQwA29Y/?utm_source=ig_web_copy_link |access-date=2022-06-01 |publisher=Playboy Denmark}}</ref><ref name="Playboy 5">{{Cite web |title=Exotic Hochi Bound |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CeRaR7ZAogx/?utm_source=ig_web_copy_link |access-date=2022-06-01 |publisher=Playboy Afrika}}</ref><ref name="Playboy 6"/><ref name="PBandFHM1">{{Cite web |title=Miles Long Spotlights Tori Black on Playboy Africa, FHM Sweden |url=https://avn.com/business/press-release/video/miles-long-spotlights-tori-black-on-playboy-africa-fhm-sweden-915591.html |access-date=2023-01-12 |publisher=AVN}}</ref> == ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ == == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}} == ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ == re2mtvspxxadhqic3kryy67y0b0053q 0 23514 193167 193019 2026-06-26T11:56:04Z InternetArchiveBot 3665 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 193167 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = ᱥᱴᱤᱵᱷ ᱦᱳᱞᱢᱮᱥ | image = Steve Holmes 2019 by Glenn Francis.jpg | caption = ᱒᱐᱑᱘ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱴᱤᱵᱷ ᱦᱳᱞᱢᱮᱥ | birth_name = | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1961|03|23|df=y}} | birth_place = [[Sibiu]], Romania | death_date = | death_place = | nationality = Romanian | other_names = | occupation = [[Pornographic actor]] | years_active = 1996–present | spouse = Sylvia<ref name="PDAVN">{{cite magazine|last=Warren|first=Peter|date=4 August 2017|title=Peril & 'Disgrace': An Adventure With Steve Holmes in Barcelona|url=https://avn.com/business/articles/video/peril-disgrace-an-adventure-with-steve-holmes-in-barcelona-738532.html|magazine=AVN|access-date=1 October 2018}}</ref> | website = {{url|steveholmesporn.com}} | module = {{Infobox YouTube personality|embed=yes | channel_display_name = Steve Holmes | channel_direct_url = c/SteveHolmesPorn | years_active = | genre = [[Vlog]] | subscribers = 90,400 | views = 34.6 million | silver_button = | silver_year = | gold_button = | gold_year = | stats_update = 3 June 2023 }} }} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''ᱥᱴᱤᱵᱷ ᱦᱳᱞᱚᱢᱮᱥ''' (ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱒᱓ ᱢᱟᱨᱪ ᱑᱙᱖᱑) ᱢᱤᱫ ᱨᱩᱢᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟ ᱯᱳᱨᱱᱳᱜᱽᱨᱟᱯᱷᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱯᱟᱴᱤᱭᱟᱹ, ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱤᱡ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱤᱥᱟᱹ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱤᱡ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱐᱕ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱒᱐᱐᱖ ᱥᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱯᱷᱳᱨᱮᱱ ᱯᱚᱨᱯᱷᱚᱨᱢᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮᱹᱵᱷᱤ ᱮᱱ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱟᱱᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱦᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱑᱗ ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱳᱞᱢᱮᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱵᱷᱤ ᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱞ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱯᱷᱮᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾<ref name="MenOfPorn" /> == ᱯᱳᱭᱞᱳ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ == ᱦᱳᱞᱚᱢᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱩᱢᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱵᱤᱭᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱨᱮᱱᱥᱤᱞᱵᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱠᱥᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱟᱭᱳᱼᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱮ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="HotNews" /> ᱑᱙᱖᱘ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱮᱹᱞ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱞᱜᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱷᱩᱴᱤ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱦᱳᱞᱚᱢᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱩᱨᱠᱤ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱯᱟᱥ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾<ref name="HotNews" /> ᱛᱚᱛᱩᱛᱚᱱᱵᱚᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱨᱢᱟᱱ ᱮᱢᱵᱟᱥᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱴᱮᱨ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱥᱨᱟᱭ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱡᱽ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾<ref name="HotNews">{{Cite web |title=Showbiz & Fun: Un star porno sibian a facut sex cu 1.600 de femei |url=http://www.hotnews.ro/articol_31802-Un-star-porno-sibian-a-facut-sex-cu-1-600-de-femei.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929111038/http://www.hotnews.ro/articol_31802-Un-star-porno-sibian-a-facut-sex-cu-1-600-de-femei.htm |archive-date=29 September 2007}}</ref> ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱳᱞᱚᱢᱮᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱨᱩᱢᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹᱲ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="HotNews" /> ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱦᱳᱞᱚᱢᱥ ᱯᱷᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱮᱥ ᱠᱤᱪᱷᱩ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱜ ᱫᱳᱠᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱦᱚᱲ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱠᱤᱨᱤᱧᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="AVN2017Inductees" /> ᱢᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱤᱭᱩᱴᱟᱨ ᱥᱳ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱚᱠᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱛᱮᱠᱱᱤᱠ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾<ref name="AVN2017Inductees" /> 1986 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱑ ᱡᱟᱱᱩᱣᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱳᱞᱚᱢᱮᱥ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱟᱭ ᱴᱤ ᱠᱳᱢᱯᱟᱱᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱠᱷᱨᱤᱧ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱨᱟᱹᱥᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮᱭᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾<ref name="AVN2017Inductees" /> ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱤᱪᱷᱩᱜᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱴᱮᱠᱱᱤᱠ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟᱭ ᱾<ref name="GermanAdultNews1">{{Cite web |last=Tom |date=30 October 2003 |title=Mein Name is Holmes, Steve Holmes! Das Interview |url=https://german-adult-news.com/erotik/interviews/794-mein-name-is-holmes-steve-holmes.html |access-date=30 September 2018 |publisher=German-Adult-News.com |archive-date=23 June 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180623141146/https://german-adult-news.com/erotik/interviews/794-mein-name-is-holmes-steve-holmes.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> == ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱡᱤᱭᱟᱨ ᱾ == [[ᱨᱮᱫ:Minda,_Steve_Holmes,_Lena_Juliette_on_Set_With_Da_Vinci_Load_2.jpg|left|thumb|226x226px|''ᱫᱟ ᱵᱷᱤᱝᱥᱤ ᱞᱳᱰ'' ᱪᱚᱞᱚᱛ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱴᱨᱮ ᱦᱳᱞᱚᱢᱥ (ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱥᱮᱪ ᱥᱮᱪ) ᱾]] ᱑᱙᱙᱖ ᱥᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱦᱤᱸᱥ ᱜᱮ ᱦᱳᱞᱚᱢᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱥᱤᱜᱤᱞ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱪᱚᱞᱚᱛ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱵᱤᱨᱤᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱴᱮᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱨᱤᱠᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾<ref name="SteveHolmesAVN" /> ᱯᱳᱨᱱ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱴᱷ ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱦᱳᱞᱚᱢᱥ ᱟᱡ ᱮᱨᱟ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱪᱷᱟᱹᱲ ᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱡ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾<ref name="SteveHolmesAVN" /> 1996 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ 22 ᱱᱚᱵᱷᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱰᱳᱨᱴᱢᱩᱱᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱳᱭᱞᱳ ᱯᱳᱨᱱᱳᱜᱽᱨᱟᱯᱷᱤᱠ ᱥᱤᱱ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱯᱟᱴᱷ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱫᱚ ' ᱦᱮᱵᱷ ᱮ ᱩᱭᱤᱥ ' ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ''ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ'' ᱚᱵᱷᱟᱵᱤᱠ ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱡ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱤᱸᱥ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="SteveHolmesAVN" /> ᱥᱩᱴ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱦᱳᱞᱚᱢᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱮᱢ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="HotNews"/> ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱤᱱᱴᱟᱨᱵᱷᱤᱭᱩ ᱮᱢ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ , ᱯᱟᱴᱷᱚᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ [[ᱡᱚᱦᱱ ᱠᱟᱨᱴᱤᱥ ᱦᱚᱞᱢᱮᱥ|ᱡᱚᱱ ᱦᱳᱞᱚᱢᱥ]] ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱰᱚᱜᱚᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱴᱮᱵᱷ ᱦᱳᱞᱚᱢᱚᱥ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱛᱷᱤ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="XBIZBTS">{{Cite web |last=Pardon |first=Rhett |date=24 September 2018 |title=Steve Holmes Takes Viewers 'Behind The Porn Scenes' |url=https://www.xbiz.com/news/238930/steve-holmes-takes-viewers-behind-the-porn-scenes |access-date=30 September 2018 |publisher=XBIZ}}</ref> ᱒᱐᱐᱑ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱢᱥ ᱵᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞᱳᱱᱟ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱫ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱮᱨᱟᱴᱤᱠ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱯᱷᱮᱥᱴᱤᱵᱷᱮᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱥ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱯᱟᱴᱷᱚᱠ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱱᱤᱱᱯᱷᱟ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱟᱹᱭ ᱦᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾<ref name="NINFA">{{Cite web |title=FICEB 2001 Awards |url=http://www.ficeb.com/english/premiados_2001.htm |url-status=unfit |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070609031433/http://www.ficeb.com/english/premiados_2001.htm |archive-date=9 June 2007 |access-date=13 February 2015 |publisher=[[FICEB]]}}</ref> ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱜᱮ ' [[ᱨᱚᱠᱠᱚ ᱥᱤᱯᱷᱨᱮᱰᱤ|ᱨᱚᱠᱳ ᱥᱤᱯᱷᱨᱮᱰᱤ]] ' ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ [[ᱢᱟᱱᱩᱭᱮᱞ ᱯᱷᱮᱨᱨᱟᱨᱟ|ᱢᱟᱱᱩᱭᱮᱞ ᱯᱷᱮᱨᱟᱨᱟ]] ᱥᱟᱶ ᱮ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="GermanAdultNews2">{{Cite web |last=Tom |date=20 March 2004 |title=Steve Holmes: Mr. Holmes exklusiv im zweiten Interview |url=https://german-adult-news.com/erotik/interviews/869-steve-holmes-das-zweite-interview.html |access-date=2 October 2018 |publisher=German-Adult-News.com |archive-date=3 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181003061931/https://german-adult-news.com/erotik/interviews/869-steve-holmes-das-zweite-interview.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱥᱤᱜᱤᱞ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ , ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ''ᱤᱭᱩᱨᱳ'' ᱜᱟᱨᱞᱥ ᱱᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱥᱮ ᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱟ ᱯᱩᱥᱤ ᱤᱡᱽ ᱱᱟᱴ ᱮᱱᱯᱷ ᱪᱚᱞᱚᱛ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱡ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="GermanAdultNews2" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Steve Holmes's Titles |url=http://www.evilangel.com/director/Steve%20Holmes/titles?display=list |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090830002208/http://www.evilangel.com/director/Steve%20Holmes/titles?display=list |archive-date=30 August 2009 |access-date=28 May 2009 |publisher=evilangel.com}}</ref> 2003 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱳᱞᱚᱢᱥ 280 ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱯᱟᱴᱷ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾<ref name="GermanAdultNews2" /> ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱦᱳᱞᱚᱢᱥ ᱫᱚ پلاᱴᱤᱱᱟᱢ ᱮᱠᱥ ᱯᱤᱠᱪᱟᱨᱥ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱚᱬᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱪᱟᱨᱴᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱤᱡ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱤᱡ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱩᱭᱮᱞ ᱰᱤ ' ᱱᱟᱭᱮᱞ ' ᱢᱮᱠᱷᱮᱞ ᱥᱴᱮᱯᱷᱟᱱᱳ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱷᱮᱨᱟᱨᱟ ᱾<ref name="xbizredlight">{{Cite web |last=Winter |first=Anne |date=22 August 2007 |title=Red Light District |url=http://www.xbiz.com/articles/83389 |access-date=26 April 2009 |publisher=[[XBIZ]]}}</ref> == ᱦᱚᱲ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ == == ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ == {| class="wikitable" style="width:75%;" |+XBIZ Awards ! width="5%" |Year ! style="width:40%;" |Nominated work and artist ! style="width:40%;" |Category ! style="width:10%;" |Result ! width="5%" |{{Abbr|Ref.|Reference(s)}} |- |2012 |Steve Holmes |Foreign Male Performer of the Year |{{nom}} | style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=2012 XBIZ Award Nominees |url=http://xbizawards.xbiz.com/nominees.php |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120131025101/http://xbizawards.xbiz.com/nominees.php |archive-date=31 January 2012 |access-date=1 October 2018}}</ref> |- |2013 |Steve Holmes |Foreign Male Performer of the Year |{{nom}} | style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web |last=Johnson |first=Bob |date=14 February 2013 |title=XRCO Awards Nominations Announced |url=http://www.xbiz.com/news/159545 |access-date=21 November 2014 |publisher=XBIZ}}</ref> |- |2014 |''I Am Asa Akira 2'' |Best Sex Scene - Non-Feature Release |{{nom}} | style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=2014 XBIZ Award Nominees |url=http://xbizawards.xbiz.com/nominees.php |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140209032322/http://xbizawards.xbiz.com/nominees.php |archive-date=9 February 2014 |access-date=4 September 2018 |publisher=[[XBIZ]]}}</ref> |- |2015 |''V for Vicki'' |Best Sex Scene - Non-Feature Release |{{nom}} | style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web |last=Gray |first=Lila |date=12 November 2014 |title=XBIZ Announces Movies & Production Nominees for 2015 XBIZ Awards |url=https://www.xbiz.com/news/187748/xbiz-announces-movies-production-nominees-for-2015-xbiz-awards |access-date=3 September 2018 |publisher=XBIZ}}</ref> |- |2017 |''Sexbots: Programmed For Pleasure'' |Best Sex Scene - Feature Release |{{nom}} | style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web |last=Pardon |first=Rhett |date=17 November 2016 |title=XBIZ Announces Finalist Nominees for 2017 XBIZ Awards |url=https://www.xbiz.com/news/214472/xbiz-announces-finalist-nominees-for-2017-xbiz-awards |access-date=24 September 2018 |publisher=XBIZ}}</ref> |- | rowspan="4" |2018 |''Pump My Ass Full of Cum 4'' |Best Sex Scene - Gonzo Release |{{nom}} | rowspan="4" style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web |last=Pardon |first=Rhett |date=19 January 2018 |title=2018 XBIZ Awards Winners Announced |url=https://www.xbiz.com/news/233053/2018-xbiz-awards-winners-announced |access-date=30 September 2018 |publisher=[[XBIZ]]}}</ref> |- |''Anal Savages 2'' |Best Sex Scene - Gonzo Release |{{nom}} |- |''Stags & Vixens'' |Best Sex Scene - Vignette Release |{{nom}} |- |Steve Holmes |Foreign Male Performer of the Year |{{won}} |- | rowspan="6" |2019 |''Dirty Grandpa'' |Best Actor - Comedy Release |{{nom}} | rowspan="5" style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web |last=Freixes |first=Alejandro |date=15 November 2018 |title=XBIZ Announces Finalist Nominees for 2019 XBIZ Awards |url=https://www.xbiz.com/news/240128/xbiz-announces-finalist-nominees-for-2019-xbiz-awards |access-date=6 April 2019 |publisher=XBIZ}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Pardon |first=Rhett |date=18 January 2019 |title=2019 XBIZ Award Winners Announced |url=https://www.xbiz.com/news/241553/2019-xbiz-awards-winners-announced |access-date=6 April 2019 |publisher=XBIZ}}</ref> |- |''Dirty Grandpa'' |Best Sex Scene - Comedy Release |{{nom}} |- |''My Dad, Your Dad'' |Best Sex Scene - Taboo Release |{{nom}} |- |''Joanna Angel Gangbang: As Above, So Below'' |Best Sex Scene - Taboo Release |{{nom}} |- | rowspan="2" |Steve Holmes |Foreign Male Performer of the Year |{{won}} |- |XBIZ Legacy Award |{{won}} | style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web |last=XBIZ Staff |date=28 November 2019 |title=Steve Holmes Wins XBIZ Legacy Award, Lands 3 XBIZ 2020 Award Noms |url=https://www.xbiz.com/news/248664/steve-holmes-wins-xbiz-legacy-award-lands-3-xbiz-2020-award-noms |access-date=12 July 2021 |publisher=XBIZ}}</ref> |- | rowspan="3" |2020 |''Ministry of Evil'' |Best Actor - Taboo-Themed Release |{{nom}} | rowspan="3" style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web |last=XBIZ Staff |date=21 November 2019 |title=XBIZ Announces Nominees for 2020 XBIZ Awards |url=https://www.xbiz.com/news/248496/xbiz-announces-nominees-for-2020-xbiz-awards |access-date=12 July 2021 |publisher=XBIZ}}</ref> |- |''Ministry of Evil'' |Best Sex Scene - Taboo-Themed |{{nom}} |- |''Slut Puppies 14'' |Best Sex Scene - Gonzo |{{nom}} |- |2021 |''ThanksSwinging Day'' |Best Sex Scene - Virtual Reality |{{nom}} | style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web |date=19 November 2020 |title=2021 XBIZ Awards Nominees Announced |url=https://www.xbiz.com/news/255744/2021-xbiz-awards-nominees-announced |access-date=12 July 2021 |publisher=XBIZ}}</ref> |} {| class="wikitable" style="width:75%;" |+ᱮᱠᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤ ᱳ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱟᱹᱭ ! width="5%" |ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱾ ! style="width:40%;" |ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤᱜᱚᱞ ᱾ ! style="width:40%;" |ᱛᱷᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱾ ! style="width:10%;" |ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ᱾ ! width="5%" |{{Abbr|Ref.|Reference(s)}} |- | rowspan="2" |2004 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱾ |ᱥᱴᱤᱵᱷ ᱦᱳᱞᱚᱢᱥ |ᱵᱟᱝ ᱥᱳᱲᱥᱟᱢᱮᱱ ᱾ |{{won}} | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" | |- |''ᱢᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱟᱜ ᱰᱚᱨᱴᱤ ᱴᱨᱤᱠ ᱾'' |ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱥ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱳᱜᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱱ ᱾ |{{won}} |- |2017 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱾ |''ᱢᱤᱫ ᱤᱧ ᱞᱩᱥ'' |ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱥ ᱯᱟᱴᱷᱚᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱾ |{{nom}} | style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bob Johnson |date=20 February 2014 |title=XRCO Awards Nominations Announced |url=http://www.xbiz.com/news/175077 |access-date=16 January 2016 |publisher=XBIZ}}</ref> |- |2019 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱾ | rowspan="4" |ᱥᱴᱤᱵᱷ ᱦᱳᱞᱚᱢᱥ |ᱦᱚᱞ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱯᱷᱟᱢ |{{won}} | style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web |last=XBIZ Staff |date=1 July 2019 |title=Brandi Love Touts Induction Into 2019 XRCO Awards Hall of Fame |url=https://www.xbiz.com/news/245130/brandi-love-touts-induction-into-2019-xrco-awards-hall-of-fame |access-date=12 July 2021 |publisher=XBIZ}}</ref> |- | rowspan="2" |2020 ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱾ |ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤᱜᱚᱞ ᱾ |{{nom}} | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" | |- |ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱨᱰᱥᱟᱢᱮᱱ ᱾ |{{nom}} |- |2021 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱾ |ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤᱜᱚᱞ ᱾ |{{nom}} | style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web |last=John Roland |date=22 September 2021 |title=XRCO Announces 2021 Nominees |url=https://avn.com/business/articles/video/xrco-announces-2021-award-nominees-902859.html |access-date=28 May 2022 |publisher=XBIZ}}</ref> |} == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}} == ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ == * Steve Holmes at IMDb * Steve Holmes at the Internet Adult Film Database * Steve Holmes at the Adult Film Database [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱮᱰᱟᱞᱴ ᱯᱟᱯᱟᱴᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱴᱟᱞᱠᱟᱹ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱮᱰᱟᱞᱴ ᱯᱟᱯᱟᱴᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱞᱠᱟᱹ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱯᱚᱨᱱᱚᱜᱽᱨᱨᱟᱯᱷᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱯᱟᱴᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱞᱠᱟᱹ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱯᱚᱨᱱᱚᱜᱽᱨᱟᱯᱷᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱯᱟᱴᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱞᱠᱟᱹ]] 626btg357dfcu5te1q3p8601c7xaj0m 0 24413 193156 125295 2026-06-26T07:36:45Z InternetArchiveBot 3665 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 193156 wikitext text/x-wiki ᱢᱟᱞᱫᱤᱵᱽ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ (Dhivehi pronunciation: [diˈʋehiŋ]; Dhivehi , romanized: dhivehin) ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱼᱟᱨᱡᱚ [[ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ]] ᱜᱩᱴ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ [[ᱢᱟᱞᱫᱤᱵᱽ]] ᱫᱤᱯ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱮᱛᱟᱨᱟᱜ [[ᱢᱟᱞᱫᱤᱵᱽ]] ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱟᱛᱚᱱᱛᱨᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱚᱠᱷᱥᱚᱫᱽᱣᱤᱯ, ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱱᱤᱠᱚᱭ ᱫᱤᱯ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱢᱟᱞᱫᱤᱵᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱮ ᱟᱹᱨᱤᱪᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱞᱫᱤᱵᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱛᱮᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱱᱫᱳ-ᱟᱨᱡᱚ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱥᱮᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱹᱨᱤᱪᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱞᱫᱤᱵᱽ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱯᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧᱟ ᱾ {{Short description|Ethnic group of Maldive Islands}} {{copy edit|date=November 2022}} {{Use British English|date=March 2014}} {{Use dmy dates|date=November 2021}} {{for|information on the population of Maldives|Demographics of Maldives}} {{Infobox ethnic group | group = Maldivians | native_name = {{lang|en|Dhivehin}}<br>{{lang|dv|ދިވެހިން}} | native_name_lang = dv | image = Maldivian style - Flickr - nattu.jpg | image_caption = Feyli (the ethnic attire of the Maldivian) was worn both by men and women in Maldives during the monarchy. | total = {{circa|378,114}} | total_year = 2018 | total_source = | total_ref = <ref>{{cite web |title=Total Maldivian Population by Islands, Registered Population 2018 |url=http://statisticsmaldives.gov.mv/yearbook/2019/wp-content/uploads/sites/6/2019/08/3.3.pdf |publisher=National Bureau of Statistics, Maldives.}}</ref> | region1 = {{flagcountry|Maldives}} | pop1 = 344,023 (2014) | ref1 = <ref>{{cite web |title=Total Maldivian Population by Islands, Census 2014. |url=http://statisticsmaldives.gov.mv/yearbook/2019/wp-content/uploads/sites/6/2019/08/3.3.pdf |publisher=National Bureau of Statistics, Maldives.}}</ref> | region2 = {{flagcountry|Sri Lanka}} | pop2 = [[Maldivians in Sri Lanka|20,000]] (2013) | ref2 = <ref name="minivannewsarchive.com">{{cite web|url=https://minivannewsarchive.com/tag/patali-champika-ranawaka|title=Sri Lankan govt distances itself from minister's "deportation"|publisher=minivannewsarchive.com|date=20 March 2013|access-date=9 September 2023|archive-date=29 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220929190856/https://minivannewsarchive.com/tag/patali-champika-ranawaka|url-status=dead}}</ref> | region3 = {{flagcountry|India}} | pop3 = ~15,000{{efn|5,000 [[Maldivians in India|citizens]] and 10,000 [[Mahl people|Mahls]].}} (2011) | ref3 = <ref name="A">[http://www.dhivehiobserver.com/review/Voting_in_India_0708200711828.htm Maldivians in India and Sri Lanka want to vote in the Referendum] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110520214101/http://www.dhivehiobserver.com/review/Voting_in_India_0708200711828.htm |date=2011-05-20 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=Ethnologue |url=http://www.ethnologue.com/show_country.asp?name=in |title=India |publisher=Ethnologue }}</ref> | region4 = {{flagcountry|Malaysia}} | pop4 = 1,500 (2008) | ref4 = <ref name="sinhalaya.com">{{cite web |url=http://www.sinhalaya.com/news/english/wmview.php?ArtID=15816 |title=SINHALAYA'S FULL COVERAGE – Provincial Council Elections on 14th February – Breaking News |publisher=Sinhalaya.com |date=1 January 2009 |access-date=28 December 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110617013506/http://www.sinhalaya.com/news/english/wmview.php?ArtID=15816 |archive-date=17 June 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref> | region5 = {{flagcountry|United Kingdom}} | pop5 = 1,000 (2006){{Citation needed|date=December 2022}} | ref5 = | region6 = {{flagcountry|Singapore}} | pop6 = 1,000 (2008) | ref6 = <ref name="sinhalaya.com"/> | region7 = {{flagcountry|Pakistan}} | pop7 = [[Maldivians in Pakistan|450]] (2010) | ref7 = <ref>{{cite web|url=http://policyresearchgroup.com/maldives/770.html |title=Strategic Insight – Protests in the Maldives over settling 2 Guantanamo Bay terrorists |publisher=Policy Research Group |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110715102003/http://policyresearchgroup.com/maldives/770.html |archive-date=15 July 2011 }}</ref> | region8 = {{flagcountry|Australia}} | pop8 = 680 (2021) | ref8 = <ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.abs.gov.au/statistics/people/aboriginal-and-torres-strait-islander-peoples/aboriginal-and-torres-strait-islander-people-census/2021/Census%2520article%2520-%2520Aboriginal%2520and%2520Torres%2520Strait%2520Islander%2520ancestries.xlsx&usg=AOvVaw1iO_6L6RHduMNkGjoc6g0W |title=Table 6 Australia Bureau of Statistics profile – Australian Bureau of Statistics |publisher=[[Australian Bureau of Statistics (Australia)]] |date=2022 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130504142326/http://www.dfat.gov.au/publications/asian-century/maldives.html |archive-date=4 May 2013 }}</ref> | region9 = {{flagcountry|Egypt}} | pop9 = 150 (2011) | ref9 = <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.haveeru.com.mv/?page=details&id=106549 |title=HaveeruOnline: Maldives News, Sports, Travel, Business, Technology, Entertainment, Politics, and Breaking News |publisher=Haveeru.com.mv |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110617041818/http://www.haveeru.com.mv/?page=details&id=106549 |archive-date=17 June 2011 }}</ref> | region12 = {{flagcountry|United States}} | pop12 = [[Maldivian Americans|127]] (2010) | ref12 = <ref name=Danico2014>{{cite book|last=Danico|first=Mary Yu|title=Asian American Society: An Encyclopedia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9J6kBQAAQBAJ&pg=PT1526|date=19 August 2014|publisher=SAGE Publications|isbn=978-1-4833-6560-2|page=1526}}</ref> | languages = [[Maldivian language|Maldivian]] (Dhivehi) | religions = [[Sunni Islam]]<ref name="un.int"/><ref name="everyculture.com"/><ref>{{cite web |title=About the Maldives |url=http://maldivesmission.com/culture |publisher=Permanent Mission of the Republic of Maldives to the UN.}}</ref> | related_groups = [[Sinhalese people|Sinhalese]] | footnotes = a. {{note|en|}} Excluding a smaller number of foreign nationals and ambassadors. }} ==ᱥᱟᱵᱽᱜᱽᱨᱩᱯ== ᱢᱟᱞᱫᱤᱵᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱜᱩᱴ, ᱒᱕᱐,᱐᱐᱐ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱞᱫᱤᱯ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱤᱦᱟᱵᱚᱱᱫᱤᱯᱳᱞᱦᱩ (ᱦᱟ ᱟᱞᱤᱯᱷ) ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱫᱷᱩᱱᱟᱢᱚᱛᱤ (ᱞᱟᱢᱩ) ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱟᱴᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱞᱫᱤᱵᱽ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱗᱐% ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ᱾ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱨᱮ, ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱜᱽᱨᱩᱯ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱜᱽᱨᱩᱯ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱤᱡᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱞᱫᱤᱵᱷᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱴᱟᱰᱟᱨᱰ ᱰᱤᱭᱟᱞᱮᱠᱴ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱞᱫᱤᱵᱷ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ ᱢᱟᱞᱮ' ᱨᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱟᱛᱳᱞᱥ ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱟᱞᱫᱤᱯ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱢᱩ ᱟᱛᱳᱞ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱫᱤᱯ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱥᱩᱯᱩᱨ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ==ᱟᱹᱨᱤᱪᱟᱹᱞᱤ== '''ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ''' ᱢᱟᱞᱫᱤᱵᱷᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱞᱫᱤᱵᱷᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱟᱞᱫᱤᱵᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱮ ᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱤᱛ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱮ ᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱼᱤᱣᱨᱳᱯᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱰᱨᱟᱵᱷᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱥᱩᱯᱩᱨ ᱰᱨᱟᱵᱷᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱨᱤᱪᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱰᱨᱟᱵᱷᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱢᱩᱨᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ '''ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ''' ᱢᱟᱞᱫᱤᱵᱽ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱥᱞᱤᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ, ᱟᱨ ᱥᱩᱱᱱᱤ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱾ ᱢᱟᱞᱫᱤᱯ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱞᱫᱤᱵᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱞᱫᱤᱯ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱙᱗% ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱟᱞᱫᱤᱯ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱩᱯ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱤᱱᱟᱹᱢ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱪᱞᱟᱣᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢᱤ ᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱨᱤ (ᱥᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟ) ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱪᱞᱟᱣᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱮᱢᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱤᱱᱤᱠᱳᱭ ᱫᱤᱯ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱢᱟᱞᱫᱤᱵᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱢᱩᱥᱞᱤᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱾ ==ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱜ ᱵᱟᱱᱫᱮ== ᱢᱟᱞᱫᱤᱵᱽ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱰᱩ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱨᱴᱤ ᱦᱚᱸᱠᱚ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱞᱟᱭᱟᱞᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱟᱞᱫᱤᱵᱷᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱤᱵᱟᱥ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱨᱚᱰ ᱴᱚᱯ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱟᱝᱜᱟ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱠᱨᱤᱛᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱚᱰᱚᱠ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟ। ==ᱡᱚᱢ ᱧᱩ== ᱢᱩᱬ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ: ᱢᱟᱞᱫᱤᱵᱷᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱞᱫᱤᱣᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱟᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱬ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱟᱨᱩᱰᱤᱭᱟ (ᱴᱩᱱᱟ ᱯᱷᱤᱥ ᱥᱩᱯ) ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱚᱢᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ==ᱥᱟ.ᱠᱷᱭᱟ.ᱛ== b8bxn8e8zkmrdmeq94t6vx9n4scn0uj 0 26352 193166 140613 2026-06-26T11:26:16Z InternetArchiveBot 3665 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 193166 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = ᱥᱩᱪᱤᱛᱨᱟ ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱟᱢᱩᱨᱛᱷᱤ | image = Suchitra_Krishnamoorthi_at_book_launch.jpg | caption = ᱒᱐᱑᱔ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱩᱪᱤᱛᱨᱟ ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱟᱢᱩᱨᱛᱷᱤ | birth_name = | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1975|11|27|df=y}} | birth_place = ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱚ, ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ | occupation = ᱟᱠᱴᱨᱮᱥ, ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧᱤᱭᱟᱹ | spouse = {{marriage|[[ᱥᱮᱠᱷᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱯᱩᱨ]]|1999|2007|reason=div}} | children = ᱑ | module = {{Infobox musical artist | embed = ᱦᱚᱭ | background = ᱮᱠᱞᱟ | instrument = ᱭᱚᱠᱟᱞ | genre = {{ublist|[[Pop music|ᱯᱚᱯ]]|[[Rock music|ᱨᱳᱠ]]}} | label = {{ublist|Magnasound|[[Sony Music]]|[[Universal Music Group]]}} }} }} '''ᱥᱩᱪᱤᱛᱨᱟ ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱟᱢᱩᱨᱛᱷᱤ''' (ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ 27 ᱱᱚᱵᱷᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ 1975) ᱢᱤᱫᱦᱚᱲ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛᱤᱭᱚ ᱯᱟᱴᱷᱚᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ, ᱢᱚᱰᱮᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤᱜᱚᱞ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ ᱪᱚᱞᱚᱛ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ, ᱫᱚᱠᱷᱤᱱ ᱪᱚᱞᱚᱛ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱴᱮᱞᱤᱵᱷᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱩᱯᱨᱩᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.hinduonnet.com/yw/2009/01/20/stories/2009012050530700.htm|title=Emotion packed|last=Paromita Pain|date=20 January 2009|work=The Hindu|access-date=3 March 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090123045518/http://hinduonnet.com/yw/2009/01/20/stories/2009012050530700.htm|archive-date=23 January 2009|department=Young World}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/StoryPage/StoryPage.aspx?sectionName=LifestyleBooksSectionPage&id=71d0eabe-f5ce-414d-a88d-c93dbdb0aedd&&Headline=Book+review%3a+EMSwapnalok+Society-The+Summer+of+cool%2fEM|title=Book review: Swapnalok Society-The Summer of cool|last=Deepti Kaul|date=27 January 2009|work=Hindustan Times|access-date=3 March 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090219234442/http://www.hindustantimes.com/StoryPage/StoryPage.aspx?sectionName=LifestyleBooksSectionPage&id=71d0eabe-f5ce-414d-a88d-c93dbdb0aedd&&Headline=Book+review%3A+EMSwapnalok+Society-The+Summer+of+cool%2FEM|archive-date=19 February 2009}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2005-03-21/news-interviews/27853258_1_songs-shekhar-voice|title=I have Shekhar's blessings: Suchitra|last=Roshni Olivera|date=21 March 2005|work=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=3 March 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121023061652/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2005-03-21/news-interviews/27853258_1_songs-shekhar-voice|archive-date=23 October 2012}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.freepressjournal.in/entertainment/bollywood/suchitra-krishnamoorthi-wants-ceiling-fans-redesigned-after-sushant-kumar-rajputs-death|title=Suchitra Krishnamoorthi wants ceiling fans redesigned after Sushant Kumar Rajput's death}}{{Dead link|date=June 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ == [[ᱨᱮᱫ:SuchitraKrishnamurthy.jpg|thumb|ᱥᱩᱪᱤᱛᱨᱟ ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱟᱢᱩᱨᱛᱤ]] ᱥᱩᱪᱤᱛᱛᱨᱟ 1975 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱵᱷᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ [[ᱢᱩᱢᱵᱟᱭ]] ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱛᱮᱞᱮᱜᱩ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.freepressjournal.in/cmcm/sujata-kumar-funeral-daughter-sister-suchitra-krishnamoorthi-perform-final-rites|title=Sujata Kumar funeral: Daughter, sister Suchitra Krishnamoorthi perform final rites}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/hyderabad/drama-queen-is-an-unabashed-unapologetic-take-on-my-life-suchitra-krishnamoorthi/articleshow/56969908.cms|title=Drama Queen is an unabashed, unapologetic take on my life: Suchitra Krishnamoorthi|date=5 February 2017|work=The Times of India|access-date=17 April 2023|issn=0971-8257|quote=Proud of her Telugu roots, Suchitra never loses an opportunity to remind people of her Teluguness. “Often people think I am a Tamilian but my mother tongue is Telugu,” she says, adding, “I have even included a few Telugu lines in Drama Queen!”}}</ref> ᱟᱡ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱵᱷᱤ ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱟᱢᱩᱨᱛᱷᱤ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱭ ᱠᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱮᱱ ᱠᱚᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱡ ᱟᱭᱳ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱰᱚᱠᱛᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱞᱳᱪᱚᱱ ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱟᱢᱩᱨᱛᱤ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱾ ᱥᱩᱪᱤᱛᱛᱨᱟ ᱪᱚᱞᱚᱛ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱤᱡ ᱥᱮᱠᱷᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱯᱩᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱯᱞᱟ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱢᱩᱫᱨᱮ ᱰᱟᱣᱩᱱᱞᱳᱰ ᱦᱳᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/theatre/suchitra-krishnamoorthi-interview/article17140454.ece|title=Even our choices are karmic|last=S. B. Vijaya Mary|date=2 February 2017|work=The Hindu|access-date=17 April 2023|language=en-IN|issn=0971-751X|quote=Most people assume my mother tongue is Tamil, it’s actually Telugu. Though being born and brought up in Mumbai, at home we mostly spoke English.}}</ref><ref name="DOB">{{Cite web |date=9 March 2023 |title=How Actress Suchitra Krishnamurthy's Career Saw a Decline |url=https://www.news18.com/movies/birthday-special-why-suchitra-krishnamoorthys-marriage-with-shekhar-kapur-failed-7252735.html |access-date=17 April 2023 |website=[[News18]] |language=en |quote=Suchitra was born on March 9, 1974, in a Telugu-speaking family in Maharashtra. Her father was a commissioner in the Income Tax Department while her mother was a professor and historian.}}</ref> ᱠᱟᱵᱮᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱯᱩᱨ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱠᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱮᱨᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ == ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ == 1990 ᱜᱮᱞᱟᱝ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱᱮ ᱪᱟᱞ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞᱵᱟᱨᱢ ''ᱰᱳᱞ ᱰᱳᱞ'', ᱫᱟᱢ ᱛᱚᱨᱟ,''ᱟᱦᱚ ᱾'' <ref>{{Cite web |date=22 March 2009 |title=Zindagi - Suchitra Krishnamoorthi |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WB838rGEdKM |access-date=17 February 2017 |via=YouTube}}</ref> ᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱱᱫᱚᱜᱤ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱾<ref>{{Cite web |title=YouTube |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ly1wlH9qOds |access-date=17 February 2017 |via=YouTube}}</ref> ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ [[ᱚᱱᱤᱞ ᱠᱚᱯᱩᱨ|ᱚᱱᱤᱞ ᱠᱟᱯᱩᱨ]] ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱫ 'ᱢᱮᱭ ᱩᱭᱤᱯᱷᱮᱥ ᱢᱟᱨᱰᱟᱨ' (2005) ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹᱲ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 November 2013 |title=Suchitra Krishnamoorthi writes a new book based on her personal experiences |url=http://www.mid-day.com/entertainment/2013/nov/161113-suchitra-krishnamoorthi-new-book-personal-memoirs-drama-queen-bollywood.htm |access-date=3 March 2014 |website=Mid-day.com}}</ref> 2010 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱟᱢ ᱜᱳᱯᱟᱞ ᱵᱚᱨᱢᱟ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱭᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱪᱚᱞᱚᱛ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ 'ᱨᱱ' ᱪᱷᱟᱹᱲᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/news-interviews/I-wanted-to-marry-Ram-Gopal-Varma-Suchitra-Krishnamoorthi/articleshow/26019482.cms|title=I wanted to marry Ram Gopal Varma: Suchitra Krishnamoorthi|date=19 November 2013|work=The Times of India|access-date=3 March 2014}}</ref> ᱥᱩᱪᱤᱛᱛᱨᱟ ᱱᱟᱞᱤᱱᱤ ᱠᱮᱥᱯ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱢᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱮᱠᱡᱮᱠᱴᱤᱵᱷ ᱟᱜ ᱪᱩᱨᱤᱛ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱯᱟᱴᱷ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 November 2013 |title=Suchitra Krishnamoorthi writes a new book based on her personal experiences |url=http://www.mid-day.com/entertainment/2013/nov/161113-suchitra-krishnamoorthi-new-book-personal-memoirs-drama-queen-bollywood.htm |access-date=3 March 2014 |website=Mid-day.com}}</ref> 2022 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱩᱪᱤᱛᱨᱟ ᱱᱮᱴᱯᱷᱤᱞᱠᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱨᱦᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱪᱚᱞᱚᱛ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ 'ᱫᱟ ᱳᱰ ᱠᱟᱯᱮᱞ' ᱨᱮ ᱫᱤᱵᱷᱤᱭᱮᱱᱫᱩ ᱥᱟᱨᱢᱟ ᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱨᱩᱫᱨᱮ 'ᱱᱤᱭᱵᱤᱫᱤᱛᱟ' ᱟᱜ ᱪᱩᱨᱤᱛ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱯᱟᱴᱷ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ 2013 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱱᱚᱵᱷᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱷᱟᱹᱲ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱥᱩᱪᱤᱛᱨᱟ ᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨᱟᱱ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ '''ᱰᱨᱟᱢᱟ ᱠᱤᱭᱤᱱ''<nowiki/>' ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.deccanchronicle.com/131117/commentary-columnists/article/spicy-saucy-tell-all-tale-it|title=A spicy, saucy tell-all tale it is|last=Khalid Mohamed|date=17 November 2013|work=Deccan Chronicle|access-date=3 March 2014}}</ref>ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱟᱯᱛᱟ ᱢᱩᱫᱨᱮ ᱯᱳᱭᱞᱳ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱠᱷᱨᱤᱧ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/lifestyle/books/suchitra-krishnamoorthi-opens-up-about-her-candid-new-book/article1-1161177.aspx|title=Suchitra Krishnamoorthi opens up about her candid new book|date=10 December 2013|work=Hindustan Times|access-date=3 March 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140303100656/http://www.hindustantimes.com/lifestyle/books/suchitra-krishnamoorthi-opens-up-about-her-candid-new-book/article1-1161177.aspx|archive-date=3 March 2014}}</ref> == ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢᱳᱯᱷᱚᱨᱤ == === ᱪᱚᱞᱚᱛᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ === === ᱴᱮᱞᱤᱵᱷᱤᱥᱚᱱ === {| class="wikitable sortable" !ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ !ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱤᱠᱟ !ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ! class="unsortable" |ᱱᱳᱴᱠᱚ |- |1995 |''ᱠᱟᱥᱼᱢᱼᱠᱟᱥ'' |ᱟᱥᱤ | |- |1995 |''ᱪᱤᱱᱱᱟ ᱪᱤᱱᱱᱟ ᱚᱥᱟᱭᱼ ᱥᱩᱭᱟᱢᱵᱚᱨᱚᱢ'' |ᱥᱩᱨᱮᱠᱷᱟ |ᱛᱟᱢᱤᱞ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ |- |1987-1988 |''ᱪᱩᱱᱟᱣᱛᱤ'' | | |- |1988 |''ᱢᱩᱡᱨᱤᱢ ᱦᱚᱡᱤᱨ'' | | |- |2020 |''ᱟᱢᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱥ ᱜᱟᱛᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱪᱩᱢ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱢᱮ'' |ᱥᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱟᱭᱳ | |- |2022 |''ᱢᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱞᱤᱥ'' |ᱱᱤᱞᱟ | |} == ᱰᱤᱥᱠᱳᱜᱨᱟᱯᱷᱤ == === ᱥᱴᱩᱫᱤᱭᱳ ᱮᱞᱵᱟᱢ === {| class="wikitable sortable" !ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ !ᱮᱞᱵᱟᱢ !ᱨᱤᱠᱟᱨᱰ ᱞᱮᱵᱮᱞ |- |1995 |ᱰᱳᱞ ᱰᱳᱞ | rowspan="3" style="text-align:center;" |ᱢᱮᱜᱱᱟᱥᱟᱣᱩᱱᱰ |- |1996 |ᱫᱟᱢ ᱛᱚᱨᱟ |- |1997 |ᱟᱼᱦᱟᱦᱚ |- |2007 |ᱡᱤᱱᱫᱚᱜᱤ |ᱤᱭᱩ ᱮᱢ ᱡᱤ |- |} == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == ejrvnnst77hclc2zdqm5k25xia8zx69 0 26421 193160 141368 2026-06-26T08:59:20Z InternetArchiveBot 3665 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 193160 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = ᱤᱥᱟ ᱥᱚᱨᱵᱷᱟᱱᱤ | image = Isha sharwani go green initiative.jpg | caption = 'ᱜᱨᱤᱱ' ᱤᱱᱥᱴᱤᱪᱤᱭᱮᱴᱤᱵᱷ ᱯᱨᱳᱢᱳᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱨᱣᱟᱱᱤ | birth_date = | birth_place = ᱜᱩᱡᱽᱨᱟᱴ, ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ | death_date = | death_place = | occupation = ᱰᱮᱱᱥᱚᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱴᱨᱮᱥ | years_active = 2005–2020 | children = ᱞᱩᱠᱟ (son)<ref name="Isha Sharvani: I feel lucky to have a loving son like Luca">{{cite news |last1=The Times of India |title=Isha Sharvani: I feel lucky to have a loving son like Luca |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/isha-sharvani-i-feel-lucky-to-have-a-loving-son-like-luca/articleshow/73891696.cms |accessdate=17 June 2022 |date=3 February 2020 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220617185406/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/isha-sharvani-i-feel-lucky-to-have-a-loving-son-like-luca/articleshow/73891696.cms |archivedate=17 June 2022 |language=en}}</ref> | website = {{URL|ishasharvani.com}} }} '''ᱤᱥᱟ ᱥᱚᱨᱵᱷᱟᱱᱤ''' ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛᱤᱭᱚ ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱴᱷᱚᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱳᱭᱞᱤ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱱᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱩᱯᱨᱩᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾<ref>{{Cite web |title=Isha Sharvani |url=https://annettecarmichael.com.au/team/isha-sharvani/ |access-date=1 November 2022 |website=annettecarmichael.com |archive-date=31 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221031224640/https://annettecarmichael.com.au/team/isha-sharvani/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="verve">{{Cite web |date=19 February 2016 |title=Gene Junction: Isha Sharvani |url=https://www.vervemagazine.in/people/isha-sharvani-aerial-dancer |website=Verve}}</ref> ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱮᱥ ᱠᱤᱪᱷᱩᱜᱟᱱ ᱵᱚᱞᱤᱭᱩᱰ,[[ᱢᱟᱞᱟᱭᱟᱞᱚᱢ|ᱢᱟᱞᱚᱭᱟᱞᱚᱢ]] ᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱢᱤᱞ ᱪᱚᱞᱚᱛᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱚᱵᱷᱤᱱᱚᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟᱭ ᱾ == ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ == ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ [[ᱜᱩᱡᱽᱨᱟᱴ|ᱜᱩᱡᱨᱟᱴ]] ᱩᱯᱨᱩᱢᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱫᱟᱠᱠᱷᱚ ᱥᱮᱛᱷ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱨᱛᱷ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱮᱥᱴᱨᱮᱞᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤᱜᱚᱞ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱫᱮᱵ ᱟᱭᱥᱚᱨᱳ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱮᱨᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ <ref>{{Cite web |last=Swaminathan |first=Chitra |date=8 February 2010 |title=Dance beyond boundaries |url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/Dance-beyond-boundaries/article11643145.ece |website=The Hindu}}</ref>᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱟᱦᱚᱢᱮᱫᱟᱵᱟᱫ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱨᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ, ᱵᱚᱨᱤᱱᱫᱟᱵᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱮᱝᱜᱟᱞᱳᱨ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱥᱮᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ,<ref name="verve"/> ᱟᱨ ᱴᱨᱤᱵᱷᱟᱱᱫᱨᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱾<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://in.movies.yahoo.com/060802/128/66cwr.html|title=Isha Sharvani|last=Swati R Chaudhary|work=GlamSham|access-date=9 August 2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070313232821/http://in.movies.yahoo.com/060802/128/66cwr.html|archive-date=13 March 2007|publisher=[[Yahoo!]]|agency=TNN}}</ref> ᱩᱱᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱵᱚᱭᱦᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱣ ᱟᱭᱥᱚᱨᱳ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱯᱨᱩᱢᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱤᱥᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱟᱭᱳᱼᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱠᱮᱨᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱴᱨᱤᱵᱷᱟᱱᱫᱨᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱠᱟᱫᱮᱢᱤ ᱯᱷᱚᱨ ᱟᱨᱴ ᱨᱤᱥᱟᱨᱪ, ᱴᱨᱮᱱᱤᱝ ᱮᱱᱰ ᱤᱱᱳᱵᱷᱮᱥᱚᱱ (ᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱴᱤ) ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱟᱨᱴᱥ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ 13 ᱥᱮ 14 ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/2000/20000820/spectrum/main4.htm|title=Inspiring life|date=20 August 2000|work=Spectrum|access-date=15 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180618042450/http://www.tribuneindia.com/2000/20000820/spectrum/main4.htm|archive-date=18 June 2018}}</ref>᱾ ᱜᱮᱞ ᱜᱮᱞ ᱜᱮᱞ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡ ᱟᱭᱳ ᱫᱟᱠᱠᱷᱚ ᱥᱮᱛᱷ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱡ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫᱮ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱞᱟᱨᱤᱯᱟᱭᱚᱴᱴᱩ,[[ᱠᱚᱛᱷᱚᱠ]] ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱣ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣᱮᱱ ᱮᱭᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ 22 ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱴᱷ ᱮ ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾   ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱰᱮᱭᱞᱤ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱤᱱᱴᱟᱨᱵᱷᱤᱭᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱥᱟ ᱫᱚᱭ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ, "ᱥᱤᱱᱮᱢᱟ ᱤᱱᱰᱟᱥᱴᱨᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱧ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱜᱮᱞ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱦᱟᱵᱤᱡ ᱤᱧ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱘ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑᱐ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱟᱹᱨᱤᱪᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟ. ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱤᱧ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱮᱱ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱪᱮᱬᱮ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱤᱧᱟᱜ ᱠᱳᱰᱟᱨᱵᱳᱨ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱠᱟᱭᱛᱮ ᱮᱱᱮᱥᱮᱠᱥᱩᱞ ᱰᱨᱚᱠᱥ, ᱡᱤᱱᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱴᱤ-ᱥᱟᱨᱴ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾" ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱞᱠᱚᱢ ᱰᱮᱱᱥᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱰᱮᱱᱥ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ == ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ == [[ᱨᱮᱫ:Isha_Sharwani,_Salman_Khan_on_the_sets_of_'Jhalak_Dikhhlaa_Jaa_5'(8).jpg|thumb|''ᱡᱟᱞᱚᱠ ᱫᱟᱠᱷᱚᱞᱟ ᱡᱟ 5'' ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱴᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱨᱳᱣᱟᱱᱤ ]] ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱤᱡ ᱥᱩᱵᱟᱥ ᱜᱦᱟᱭ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ 'ᱠᱤᱥᱱᱟ' (2005) ᱪᱚᱞᱚᱛ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱴᱷ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱪᱚᱱ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫᱦᱚᱲ ᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱤᱥᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱮᱫᱦᱚᱸ ᱪᱚᱞᱚᱛ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱵᱷᱤᱱᱚᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ [[ᱵᱤᱵᱮᱠ ᱳᱵᱮᱨᱳᱭ]] ᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱨᱩᱫᱨᱮ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱢᱩᱲᱩᱫ ᱪᱩᱨᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱴᱷ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ 'ᱯᱟᱨᱞᱮ ᱦᱟᱭᱰ ᱮᱱᱰ ᱥᱤᱠ' ᱼ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱵᱮᱥᱤᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱨᱤᱛᱤᱠ ᱨᱳᱥᱚᱱ ᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱮᱱᱮᱡᱤᱡ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱦᱨᱤᱛᱤᱠ ᱨᱳᱨᱥᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱥᱟᱨᱦᱟᱣᱟᱱ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱰᱩᱭᱮᱴ ᱮ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱰᱮᱱᱥ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱮ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱫ-ᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱒᱐᱐᱖ ᱟᱨ ᱒᱐᱐᱗ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱤᱞᱤᱡᱽ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱐᱖ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ ᱠᱚᱢᱮᱰᱤ ᱫᱟᱨᱣᱟᱡᱟ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱷ ᱨᱚᱠᱷᱳ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱨᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱠᱟ.ᱢᱤ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱟᱠᱥᱟ ᱥᱮᱛᱷ ᱰᱮᱱᱥ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱱᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱰᱮᱱᱥᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱩᱢᱵᱟᱭ, ᱞᱚᱱᱰᱚᱱ, ᱯᱚᱨᱛᱷ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱚᱥᱠᱟᱴ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱱᱮᱨᱮᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾ ᱒᱐᱑᱒ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱥᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱰᱮᱱᱥ ᱨᱤᱭᱟᱞᱤᱴᱤ ᱥᱳ, ᱡᱷᱟᱞᱚᱠ ᱫᱤᱦᱞᱞᱟ ᱡᱟ ᱥᱤᱡᱚᱱ ᱕ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱞᱚᱨᱥ ᱴᱤᱵᱷᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱳ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱰᱮᱱᱥ ᱯᱚᱨᱯᱷᱚᱨᱢᱟᱱᱥ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱨᱦᱟᱣ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱑᱓ ᱨᱮ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱞᱟᱭᱟᱞᱟᱢ ᱠᱩᱴᱤ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱤᱥᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱣᱩᱥᱵᱽᱨᱤᱠᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱨᱳᱞ ᱮ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱞᱮᱫ-ᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱕ ᱥᱩᱱᱫᱚᱨᱤᱠᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱑᱔ ᱨᱮ, ᱥᱟᱨᱵᱷᱟᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱞᱟᱭᱟᱞᱟᱢ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱤᱭᱳᱵᱤᱱᱴᱮ ᱯᱩᱥᱛᱚᱠᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱨᱳᱞ ᱮ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱭᱳ ᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱞᱳ-ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱞᱮ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟ. ᱨᱳᱞ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱑᱕ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ, ᱥᱟᱨᱵᱷᱟᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱞᱟᱭᱟᱞᱟᱢ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱰᱚᱵᱞ ᱵᱮᱨᱮᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱨᱳᱞ ᱮ ᱠᱷᱮᱞ ᱞᱮᱫ-ᱟ ᱾ == ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢᱳᱜᱨᱟᱯᱷᱚ == {| class="wikitable sortable" !ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ !ᱪᱚᱞᱚᱛᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ !ᱮᱱᱮᱢ !ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ !ᱱᱳᱴᱠᱚ |- |2005 |''ᱠᱤᱥᱱᱟᱼ ᱫᱟ ᱳᱣᱟᱨᱤᱟᱨ ᱠᱤᱭᱤᱴ'' |ᱞᱚᱠᱠᱷᱤ | rowspan="6" |ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ | |- |2006 |''ᱫᱟᱨᱳᱣᱟᱡᱟ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱷ ᱨᱟᱠᱷᱳ'' |ᱤᱥᱟ ᱛᱟᱱᱮᱡᱟ | |- |2006 |''ᱨᱚᱠᱤᱼ ᱫᱟ ᱨᱮᱵᱮᱞ'' |ᱱᱮᱦᱚ ᱢᱟᱛᱷᱩᱨ | |- |2007 |''ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ, ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ'' |ᱨᱚᱥᱢᱤ ᱰᱤ ᱚᱣᱟᱥᱛᱷᱤ | |- |2008 |''ᱤᱭᱩ ᱢᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱢ'' |ᱱᱟᱛᱮᱥᱟ 'ᱱᱩᱴᱴᱤ | |- |2009 |''ᱫᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱚᱥ'' |ᱱᱤᱠᱤ ᱳᱣᱟᱞᱤᱭᱟ | |- |2012 |''ᱢᱚᱛᱛᱨᱚᱭ'' |ᱟᱡᱜᱮ ᱟᱡ ᱜᱮ |[[ᱛᱟᱹᱢᱤᱞ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱛᱟᱢᱤᱞ]] |'ᱛᱤᱭᱮᱭᱟ ᱛᱤᱭᱮᱭᱟ' ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱥ ᱮ ᱥᱮᱴᱮᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ |- |2013 |''ᱰᱮᱵᱤᱰ'' |ᱨᱳᱢᱟ |ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ | |- |2013 |''5 ᱥᱩᱱᱫᱚᱨᱤᱠᱚᱞ'' |ᱤᱥᱟ | rowspan="3" |[[ᱢᱟᱞᱟᱭᱟᱞᱚᱢ|ᱢᱟᱞᱚᱭᱟᱞᱚᱢ]] |Segment: Esha''ᱤᱥᱟ'' |- |2014 |''ᱟᱭᱳᱵᱤᱱᱴᱮ ᱯᱩᱥᱴᱚᱠᱟᱢ'' |ᱢᱟᱨᱛᱷᱟ | |- |2015 |''ᱰᱚᱵᱚᱞ ᱵᱮᱨᱮᱞ'' |ᱜᱳᱣᱨᱤ | |- |2017 |''ᱠᱟᱨᱤᱵ ᱠᱟᱨᱤᱵ ᱥᱤᱝᱞᱮ'' |ᱜᱳᱣᱨᱤ |ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ | |- |2020 |''ᱫᱤᱞ ᱵᱮᱪᱟᱨᱟ'' |ᱯᱮᱲᱟ |ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ | |} == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == 2sidz2bxbcl92ocusypew55nzblcopu 0 26586 193140 178871 2026-06-25T23:15:23Z InternetArchiveBot 3665 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 193140 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = ᱚᱵᱚᱱᱤᱛ ᱠᱳᱣᱨ | image = Avneet Kaur at Tiku Weds Sheru wrap up party.jpg | caption = ᱒᱐᱒᱒ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱵᱽᱱᱤᱛ ᱠᱳᱣᱨ | birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=yes|2001|10|13}} | birth_place = ᱡᱟᱞᱱᱫᱷᱟᱨ, ᱯᱚᱧᱡᱟᱵᱽ, ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ | nationality = <!-- Should only be used if nationality cannot be inferred from the birthplace per [[WP:INFONAT]]. --> | occupation = ᱟᱠᱴᱨᱮᱥ, ᱰᱮᱱᱥᱚᱨ | years_active = 2010–ᱱᱤᱛ | known_for = ᱰᱮᱱᱥ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱰᱮᱱᱥ ᱞᱤᱞ ᱢᱟᱥᱴᱟᱨᱥ, ᱪᱚᱱᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱱᱟᱱᱫᱤᱱᱤ, ᱟᱞᱟᱫᱤᱱ - ᱱᱟᱢ ᱴᱳᱦ ᱥᱩᱱᱚ ᱦᱳᱜᱟ }} '''ᱚᱵᱚᱱᱤᱛ ᱠᱳᱣᱨ''' (ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱑᱓ ᱚᱠᱴᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱐᱑)<ref>{{Cite magazine |title=Avneet Kaur's 18th birthday plans |url=https://www.outlookindia.com/newsscroll/avneet-kaurs-19th-birthday-plans/1639128 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211224022535/https://www.outlookindia.com/newsscroll/avneet-kaurs-19th-birthday-plans/1639128 |archivedate=24 December 2021 |magazine=Outlook India |date=12 October 2019 |access-date=23 May 2024}}</ref> ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛᱤᱭᱚ ᱮᱠᱴᱨᱮᱥ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ ᱴᱮᱞᱤᱵᱤᱡᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/from-siddharth-nigam-jannat-zubair-rehmani-to-avneet-kaur-young-brigade-take-over-tv/photostory/66639384.cms |title=From Siddharth Nigam, Jannat Zubair Rehmani to Avneet Kaur: Young brigade take over TV |date=15 November 2018 |website=The Times of India}}</ref> ᱠᱳᱣᱨ ᱫᱚ ''[[Dance India Dance Li'l Masters]]'', ''[[Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa season 5|ᱡᱷᱟᱞᱟᱠ ᱫᱤᱠᱷᱞᱟ ᱡᱟ ᱕]]'', ''[[ᱢᱟᱨᱫᱟᱱᱤ]]'', ''[[ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱱᱚᱱᱫᱤᱱᱤ]]'', ''[[ᱟᱞᱟᱫᱤᱱ – ᱱᱟᱢ ᱛᱚᱦ ᱥᱩᱱᱟ ᱦᱳᱜᱟ]]'' ᱟᱨ ''[[ᱴᱤᱠᱩ ᱣᱮᱰᱥ ᱥᱮᱨᱩ]]'' ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱩᱨᱩᱢ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱭᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite web |title=Avneet Kaur - Yash Raj Films |url=https://www.yashrajfilms.com/yrf-alumni/avneet-kaur |access-date=19 January 2023 |website=yashrajfilms.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=10 August 2017 |title=Avneet Kaur joins 'Chandra Nandni' opposite Siddharth Nigam |language=en |work=ABP News |url=https://news.abplive.com/entertainment/television/avneet-kaur-joins-chandra-nandni-opposite-siddharth-nigam-563694 |access-date=16 November 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/siddharth-nigam-and-avneet-kaurs-show-aladdin-naam-toh-suna-hoga-completes-200-episodes-see-celebration-pictures/articleshow/69478916.cms |title=Siddharth Nigam and Avneet Kaur's show Aladdin: Naam Toh Suna Hoga completes 200 episodes; see celebration pictures |work=The Times of India |date=24 May 2019 |access-date=25 May 2019}}</ref> == ᱱᱤᱡᱮᱨ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ == [[ᱨᱮᱫ:Avneet_Kaur_with_family_at_Kaushal_Joshi's_wedding_(cropped).jpg|thumb|260x260px|2022 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱣᱚᱨ ᱟᱡ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱟᱢᱚᱱᱫᱤᱯ ᱥᱤᱝ ᱱᱟᱱᱫᱨᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱳᱱᱤᱭᱟ ᱱᱟᱱᱫᱨᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱾]] ᱠᱳᱣᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱳᱱᱤᱭᱟ ᱱᱟᱱᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱢᱚᱱᱫᱤᱯ ᱥᱤᱝ ᱱᱟᱱᱫᱽᱨᱟ<ref>{{Cite web |date=8 April 2021 |title=TV actors and their parents |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/meet-the-tv-actors-who-cannot-travel-without-their-parents/photostory/81962779.cms |access-date=5 November 2021 |website=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref> ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱑᱓ ᱚᱠᱴᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱐᱑<ref>{{Cite web |date=14 October 2019 |title=Avneet Kaur's Birthday bash {{!}} Jannat Zubair, Siddharth Nigam, Roshni Walia, Ashnoor Kaur & more |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/videos/zoom/telly-talk/avneet-kaurs-birthday-bash-jannat-zubair-siddharth-nigam-roshni-walia-ashnoor-kaur-more/43722 |access-date=1 October 2021 |work=Times Now}}</ref> ᱨᱮ [[ᱡᱚᱞᱚᱱᱫᱷᱚᱨ|ᱡᱚᱞᱚᱱᱫᱷᱚᱨ, ᱯᱚᱧᱡᱟᱵᱽ]] ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ [[ᱥᱤᱠᱷ]] ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ [[ᱢᱩᱢᱵᱟᱭ]] ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱑᱐ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱘ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱨᱯᱷᱚᱨᱢᱤᱝ ᱠᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟᱨ ᱮ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite news |title=Avneet Kaur from Ek Mutthi Aasmaan - Remember these famous child actors? They have grown-up to be hotties |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/remember-these-famous-child-actors-they-have-grown-up-to-be-hotties/avneet-kaur-from-ek-mutthi-aasmaan/photostory/63570677.cms |access-date=19 April 2021 |website=The Times of India}}</ref> ᱠᱳᱣᱨ ᱫᱚ [[ᱠᱟᱱᱫᱤᱵᱟᱞᱤ]], ᱢᱩᱢᱵᱟᱭ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱨᱟᱭᱵᱷᱮᱴ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢᱚᱨᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱰᱤᱜᱽᱨᱤ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite news |last1=Patowari |first1=Farzana |date=24 April 2019 |title=We're glad we got a chance to see Bhopal's beauty- Avneet Kaur and Siddharth Nigam |language=en |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/life-style/spotlight/were-glad-we-got-a-chance-to-see-bhopals-beauty-avneet-kaur-and-siddharth-nigam/articleshow/69024697.cms |access-date=25 March 2021}}</ref> == ᱠᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟᱨ == ᱠᱳᱣᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱑᱐ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ [[ᱡᱤ ᱴᱤᱵᱷᱤ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱥᱳ ''[[Dance India Dance Li'l Masters]]'' ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱠᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟᱨ ᱮ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱫ-ᱟ ᱾<ref name="Avneet-Kaur-in-Life-OKs-Savitri">{{cite web |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tv/Avneet-Kaur-in-Life-OKs-Savitri/articleshow/16968373.cms |title=Avneet Kaur in Life OK's Savitri |work=The Times of India |date=26 October 2012 |access-date=16 September 2015}}</ref><ref name="Avneet-Kaur-on-Jhalak">{{cite web |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Darsheel-to-pair-up-with-Avneet-Kaur-on-Jhalak/articleshow/13851166.cms |title=Darsheel to pair up with Avneet Kaur on Jhalak |work=The Times of India |date=5 June 2012 |access-date=16 September 2015}}</ref> ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱮᱢᱤ-ᱯᱷᱟᱭᱱᱟᱞ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="small-size-wonders">{{cite news |last1=Grewal |first1=Mehakdeep |last2=Lakhi |first2=Navleen Kaur |last3=Arora |first3=Neha |title=Small-size wonders |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/chandigarh/small-size-wonders/story-Ix4EWMYTYGtPC9aaGxZ9vO.html |access-date=17 April 2021 |work=Hindustan Times |date=14 November 2013 |language=en}}</ref> ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ''[[Dance Ke Superstars]]'' ᱨᱮᱭ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ "Dance Challengers" ᱫᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="bollywood-debut">{{cite news |last1=Arora |first1=Neha |title=Kid from Jalandhar to make Bollywood debut |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/chandigarh/kid-from-jalandhar-to-make-bollywood-debut/story-mUkPxXfusHDrXWTM8sbrbI.html |access-date=6 April 2021 |work=Hindustan Times |date=7 August 2014 |language=en}}</ref> ᱒᱐᱑᱒ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ [[ᱞᱟᱭᱤᱯᱷ ᱳᱠᱮ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ''[[ᱢᱮᱨᱤ ᱢᱟ (ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱴᱤᱵᱷᱤ ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱡᱽ)|ᱢᱮᱨᱤ ᱢᱟ]]'' ᱥᱟᱶ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱮᱠᱴᱤᱝ ᱠᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟᱨ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱷᱤᱞᱢᱤᱞ ᱮ ᱪᱩᱨᱤᱛ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ [[ᱮᱥᱮᱵᱤ ᱴᱤᱵᱷᱤ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ''ᱛᱮᱫᱷᱮ ᱦᱟᱭᱱ ᱯᱟᱨ ᱛᱮᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱭᱱ'' ᱨᱮᱭ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="Avneet-Kaur-in-Tedhe-Hain">{{cite web |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Avneet-Kaur-in-Tedhe-Hain-Par-Tere-Mere-Hain/articleshow/14209130.cms |title=Avneet Kaur in Tedhe Hain Par Tere Mere Hain |work=The Times of India |date=17 June 2012 |access-date=16 September 2015}}</ref> ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱜᱮ, ᱠᱳᱣᱨ ᱫᱚ [[ᱠᱟᱞᱚᱨᱥ ᱴᱤᱵᱷᱤ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱞᱤᱵᱽᱨᱤᱴᱤ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ [[ᱨᱤᱭᱟᱞᱤᱴᱤ ᱴᱮᱞᱤᱵᱤᱡᱚᱱ|ᱨᱤᱭᱟᱞᱤᱴᱤ ᱥᱳ]] ''[[ᱡᱷᱟᱞᱟᱠ ᱫᱤᱠᱷᱞᱟ ᱡᱟ]]'' ᱨᱮᱭ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱫᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ [[ᱫᱚᱨᱥᱤᱞ ᱥᱟᱯᱷᱟᱨᱤ]] ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱡᱩᱨᱤ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾<ref name="jaltrib">{{cite news |last=Arora |first=Kusum |date=17 June 2012 |url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2012/20120618/jaltrib.htm |title=City girl Avneet performing in 'Jhalak Dikhla Ja' |work=The Tribune |access-date=16 September 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/more/videos/view/id/1557315 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120905085536/http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/more/videos/view/id/1557315 |url-status=dead |archive-date=5 September 2012 |title=Darsheel- Avneet's Hip-Hop Performance |work=Bollywood Hungama |access-date=16 September 2015}}</ref> ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱥᱳ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱮᱯᱮᱨᱟᱣᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱑᱓ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ, ᱠᱳᱣᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱟᱭᱤᱯᱷ ᱳᱠᱮ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ''[[ᱥᱟᱵᱤᱛᱨᱤ – ᱮᱠ ᱯᱨᱮᱢ ᱠᱟᱦᱟᱱᱤ]]'' ᱨᱮ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨᱤ ᱫᱟᱢᱟᱭᱚᱱᱛᱤ ᱟᱜ ᱪᱩᱨᱤᱛ ᱮ ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱤ ᱴᱤᱵᱷᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ''[[ᱮᱠ ᱢᱩᱴᱴᱷᱤ ᱟᱥᱢᱟᱱ (ᱴᱤᱵᱷᱤ ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱡᱽ)|ᱮᱠ ᱢᱩᱴᱴᱷᱤ ᱟᱥᱢᱟᱱ]]'' ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱠᱷᱤ ᱟᱜ ᱪᱩᱨᱤᱛ ᱮ ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾<ref name="the-little-telly-star">{{cite web |url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/chunk-ht-ui-punjabsectionpage-dontmiss/the-little-telly-star/article1-1112636.aspx |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150914111128/http://www.hindustantimes.com/chunk-ht-ui-punjabsectionpage-dontmiss/the-little-telly-star/article1-1112636.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-date=14 September 2015 |title=The little telly star |date=25 August 2013 |work=Hindustan Times |access-date=16 September 2015}}</ref><ref name="Avneet-in-Aasman">{{cite web |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tv/Avneet-Kaur-Jasmine-Avasia-in-Ek-Mutthi-Aasman/articleshow/21934076.cms |title=Avneet Kaur & Jasmine Avasia in Ek Mutthi Aasman |work=The Times of India |date=20 August 2013 |access-date=16 September 2015}}</ref> ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ [[ᱡᱤᱠᱤᱣ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱤᱣᱡᱽ ᱵᱩᱞᱮᱴᱤᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ''ᱫᱤ ᱣᱤᱠᱞᱤ ᱨᱮᱯ'' ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱑᱔ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ [[ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱤᱯ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ]] ᱟᱜ ''[[ᱢᱟᱨᱫᱟᱱᱤ]]'' ᱥᱟᱶ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱠᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟᱨ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱑᱔ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ [[ᱥᱳᱱᱤ ᱯᱟᱞ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ''[[ᱦᱟᱢᱟᱨᱤ ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱟᱨ ᱫᱤᱫᱤ]]'' ᱨᱮ ᱠᱩᱥᱤ ᱟᱜ ᱪᱩᱨᱤᱛ ᱮ ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾<ref name="trouble-in-Hamari-Sister">{{cite web |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Double-trouble-in-Hamari-Sister-Didi/articleshow/45283836.cms |title=Double trouble in Hamari Sister Didi |work=The Times of India |date=26 November 2014 |access-date=16 September 2015}}</ref><ref name="studies-and-acting">{{cite web |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/How-Avneet-Kaur-Kohli-balances-studies-and-acting/articleshow/43817187.cms |title=How Avneet Kaur Kohli balances studies and acting |work=The Times of India |date=30 September 2014 |access-date=16 September 2015}}</ref> ᱒᱐᱑᱖ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱤᱜᱽᱥᱟᱣ ᱯᱤᱠᱪᱟᱨᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ [[ᱭᱩᱴᱤᱭᱩᱵᱽ]] ᱨᱮ ᱨᱤᱞᱤᱡᱽ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱷᱟᱴᱚ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱑᱗ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ''[[ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱱᱚᱱᱫᱤᱱᱤ]]'' ᱨᱮ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨᱤ ᱪᱟᱨᱩᱢᱚᱛᱤ ᱟᱜ ᱪᱩᱨᱤᱛ ᱮ ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱑᱘ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱒᱐᱒᱐ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱥᱮᱵᱤ ᱴᱤᱵᱷᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ''[[ᱟᱞᱟᱫᱤᱱ – ᱱᱟᱢ ᱛᱚᱦ ᱥᱩᱱᱟ ᱦᱳᱜᱟ]]'' ᱨᱮ [[ᱥᱩᱞᱛᱟᱱᱟ (ᱴᱟᱭᱴᱮᱞ)|ᱥᱩᱞᱛᱟᱱᱟ]] [[ᱡᱟᱥᱢᱤᱱ (ᱟᱞᱟᱫᱤᱱ)|ᱭᱟᱥᱢᱤᱱ]] ᱟᱜ ᱪᱩᱨᱤᱛ ᱮ ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱒᱐ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱥᱳ ᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱜᱤ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite news |title=Siddharth Nigam supports Avneet Kaur's decision to quit Aladdin due to the pandemic; pens farewell note - Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/siddharth-nigam-supports-avneet-kaurs-decision-to-quit-aladdin-due-to-the-pandemic-pens-farewell-note/articleshow/76749028.cms |access-date=5 November 2021 |website=The Times of India |date=2 July 2020 |language=en}}</ref> ᱡᱩᱱ ᱒᱐᱒᱓ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ, ᱠᱳᱣᱨ ᱫᱚ [[ᱢᱚᱱᱤᱥ ᱛᱤᱣᱟᱨᱤ]] ᱟᱜ ''[[ᱪᱤᱲᱤᱭᱟᱠᱷᱟᱱᱟ]]'' ᱨᱮ [[ᱨᱤᱛᱵᱷᱤᱠ ᱥᱟᱦᱳᱨᱮ]] ᱥᱟᱶ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ,<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 August 2019 |title=Director Manish Tiwary: Chidiakhana deserves U rating from CBFC. It is for children |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/bollywood/story/director-manish-tiwary-chidiakhana-deserves-u-rating-from-cbfc-it-is-for-children-1581920-2019-08-18 |access-date=29 July 2021 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Hungama |first=Bollywood |title=Chidiakhana: Official Trailer {{!}} Ritvik Sahore, Avneet Kaur {{!}} Video Trailer - Bollywood Hungama |website=[[Bollywood Hungama]] |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/videos/movie-promos/chidiakhana-official-trailer-ritvik-sahore-avneet-kaur/ |access-date=23 May 2023 |language=en}}</ref> ᱟᱨ [[ᱠᱟᱝᱜᱟᱱᱟ ᱨᱟᱱᱟᱣᱛ]] ᱟᱜ ''[[ᱴᱤᱠᱩ ᱣᱮᱰᱥ ᱥᱮᱨᱩ]]'' ᱨᱮ [[ᱱᱚᱣᱟᱡᱩᱫᱽᱫᱤᱱ ᱥᱤᱫᱽᱫᱤᱠᱤ]] ᱵᱤᱨᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ [[ᱟᱢᱟᱡᱚᱱ ᱯᱨᱟᱭᱤᱢ ᱵᱤᱰᱤᱭᱳ]] ᱨᱮᱭ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kangana Ranaut welcomes Avneet Kaur onoard for her film 'Tiku Weds Sheru' |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/hindi/2021/nov/08/kangana-ranaut-welcomes-avneet-kaur-onoard-for-her-film-tiku-weds-sheru-2380901.html |access-date=8 November 2021 |website=The New Indian Express|date=8 November 2021 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=8 November 2021 |title=Aladdin fame Avneet Kaur to make her big Bollywood debut opposite Nawazuddin Siddiqui; a look at the 20-year-old's journey in TV |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/aladdin-fame-avneet-kaur-to-make-her-big-bollywood-debut-opposite-nawazuddin-siddiqui-a-look-at-the-20-year-olds-journey-in-tv/photostory/87582160.cms |access-date=8 November 2021 |website=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref> ᱡᱩᱱ ᱒᱐᱒᱔ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ [[ᱥᱟᱱᱤ ᱥᱤᱝ (ᱮᱠᱴᱟᱨ)|ᱥᱟᱱᱤ ᱥᱤᱝ]] ᱵᱤᱨᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ''[[ᱞᱟᱵᱽ ᱠᱤ ᱟᱨᱮᱸᱡᱽ ᱢᱮᱨᱮᱡᱽ]]'' ᱨᱮᱭ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite web |title=Avneet Kaur and Sunny Singh team up for family entertainer Luv Ki Arrange Marriage, shoot begins |url=https://www.freepressjournal.in/entertainment/bollywood/avneet-kaur-and-sunny-singh-team-up-for-family-entertainer-luv-ki-arrange-marriage-shoot-begins |access-date=28 March 2023 |website=freepressjournal.in |archive-date=28 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230328140955/https://www.freepressjournal.in/entertainment/bollywood/avneet-kaur-and-sunny-singh-team-up-for-family-entertainer-luv-ki-arrange-marriage-shoot-begins |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=28 March 2023 |title=Sunny Singh and Avneet Kaur to star in fam-com 'Luv Ki Arrange Marriage' |url=https://www.mid-day.com/entertainment/bollywood-news/article/sunny-singh-and-avneet-kaur-to-star-in-fam-com-luv-ki-arrange-marriage-23277785 |access-date=28 March 2023 |website=Mid-day |language=en}}</ref> ᱰᱤᱥᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱒᱔ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ, ᱠᱳᱣᱨ ᱫᱚ [[ᱵᱤᱥᱟᱞ ᱡᱮᱛᱷᱣᱟ]] ᱥᱟᱶ [[ᱟᱢᱟᱡᱚᱱ ᱯᱨᱟᱭᱤᱢ]]-[[ᱮᱢᱮᱠᱥ ᱯᱞᱮᱭᱟᱨ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱡ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱠᱟᱹᱦᱱᱤ ''ᱯᱟᱨᱴᱤ ᱴᱤᱞ ᱟᱭᱤ ᱰᱟᱭᱤ'' ᱨᱮᱭ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite news |title=Avneet Kaur And Vishal Jethwa Shine In Goa-Set Murder Mystery |url=https://news.abplive.com/entertainment/ott/party-till-i-die-review-avneet-kaur-and-vishal-jethwa-shine-in-goa-set-murder-mystery-on-mx-player-1740771 |work=ABP News |date=30 December 2024 |access-date=9 January 2025}}</ref> ᱠᱳᱣᱨ ᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ, ''ᱞᱟᱵᱽ ᱤᱱ ᱵᱷᱤᱭᱮᱛᱱᱟᱢ'', ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱫᱚ [[᱒᱐᱒᱔ ᱠᱟᱱᱥ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱯᱷᱮᱥᱴᱤᱵᱷᱟᱞ]] ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ [[ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱱᱩ ᱢᱟᱦᱮᱥᱣᱚᱨᱤ]] ᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱤᱭᱮᱛᱱᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱮᱠᱴᱨᱮᱥ ᱠᱷᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱟᱦᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱦ ᱠᱟᱡᱽᱢᱤ ᱮ ᱫᱤᱥᱟᱹ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱮᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ [[ᱳᱢᱩᱝ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ]] ᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ-ᱵᱷᱤᱭᱮᱛᱱᱟᱢ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱮᱥᱴᱥᱮᱞᱤᱝ ᱱᱳᱵᱷᱮᱞ ''[[ᱢᱟᱫᱳᱱᱟ ᱤᱱ ᱮ ᱯᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱳᱴ]]'' ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite news |last=Sharma |first=Riya |date=23 May 2024 |title=Shantanu Maheshwari, Avneet Kaur-starrer Love In Vietnam's first look poster unveiled at Cannes Film Festival |url=https://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report-shantanu-maheshwari-avneet-kaur-starrer-love-in-vietnam-first-look-poster-unveiled-at-cannes-film-festival-3090425 |work=DNA India |access-date=23 May 2024}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Choudhury |first=Shaibalina |date=23 May 2024 |title=Cannes Film Festival 2024: Avneet Kaur debuts to launch poster of her international film |url=https://www.pinkvilla.com/tv/news/cannes-film-festival-2024-avneet-kaur-debuts-to-launch-poster-of-her-first-international-film-love-in-vietnam-1308681 |work=PINKVILLA |access-date=23 May 2024 }}{{Dead link|date=June 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Cannes 2024: Avneet Kaur becomes the bridge between India and Vietnam, announces her first International film at the festival |url=https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/cannes-2024-avneet-kaur-becomes-the-bridge-between-india-and-vietnam-announces-her-first-international-film-at-the-festival-13774070.html |work=Firstpost |date=23 May 2024 |access-date=23 May 2024}}</ref> == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}} ==ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ== * {{IMDb name}} * {{Instagram}} [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ]] nioce0l4ti4q19jhm1g9nn8lt2llu3f 0 26811 193152 154702 2026-06-26T05:28:50Z InternetArchiveBot 3665 Rescuing 4 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 193152 wikitext text/x-wiki {{infobox ethnic group| |group= ᱠᱷᱟᱨᱣᱟᱨ |poptime = |popplace = {{flag|ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ}} | region1 = [[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ]] | pop1 = ᱒,᱔᱘,᱙᱔᱗ | ref1 = <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.populationu.com/in/jharkhand-population|title=Jharkhand population|website=populationu|access-date=12 August 2022|archive-date=22 July 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220722001353/https://www.populationu.com/in/jharkhand-population|url-status=dead}}</ref> | region2 = [[ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ]] | pop2 = ᱑,᱖᱐,᱖᱗᱖ | ref2 = <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.populationu.com/in/uttar-pradesh-population|title=Uttar Pradesh population|website=populationu|access-date=12 August 2022|archive-date=30 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230330152509/https://www.populationu.com/in/uttar-pradesh-population|url-status=dead}}</ref> | region3 = [[ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ]] | pop3 = ᱑,᱒᱕,᱘᱑᱑ | ref3 = <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.populationu.com/in/bihar-population|title=Bihar population|website=populationu|access-date=12 August 2022|archive-date=12 August 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220812021649/https://www.populationu.com/in/bihar-population|url-status=dead}}</ref> | region4 = [[ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ]] | pop4 = ᱒᱐,᱒᱗᱐ | ref4 = <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.populationu.com/in/west-bengal-population|title=west bengal population|website=populationu|access-date=12 August 2022|archive-date=12 August 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220812022918/https://www.populationu.com/in/west-bengal-population|url-status=dead}}</ref> | region5 = [[ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ]] | pop5 = ᱒,᱒᱖᱕ | ref5 = <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.scstrti.in/index.php/communities/tribes/91-tribes/175-kharwar|title=Kharwar|website=scstrti|access-date=12 August 2022}}</ref> |langs = [[ᱵᱷᱳᱡᱽᱯᱩᱨᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱵᱷᱳᱡᱽᱯᱩᱨᱤ]], [[ᱱᱟᱜᱽᱯᱩᱨᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱱᱟᱜᱽᱯᱩᱨᱤ]] |rels= [[ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ|ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ]] |related= [[ᱵᱷᱳᱜᱽᱛᱟ]] }} '''ᱠᱷᱟᱨᱣᱟᱨ''' ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ [[ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ]], [[ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ]], [[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ|ᱡᱷᱟᱲᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ]], [[ᱪᱷᱚᱛᱛᱤᱥᱜᱚᱲ]], [[ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ|ᱳᱲᱤᱥᱥᱟ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ]] ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ᱾ == ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ == ᱠᱷᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱥᱟᱫ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱷᱟᱨᱳᱭᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟᱱᱟᱜ᱾ ᱦᱟᱨᱟᱜ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱚ ᱜᱮᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱚ ᱜᱷᱟᱹᱞᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱟᱨᱣᱟᱨ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱦᱩᱭᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱠᱤᱪᱷᱩ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱛᱤᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ == ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ == ᱠᱷᱟᱨᱣᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱟᱫᱚᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱯᱟᱞᱟᱢᱩ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱤᱛ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱳᱱᱮ ᱫᱷᱟᱥᱱᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲᱠᱚ ᱨᱳᱦᱛᱚᱥ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱢᱟᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱩᱨᱡᱚᱵᱚᱝᱥᱚ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱵᱚᱝᱥᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱟᱵᱤ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ [[ᱨᱳᱦᱛᱟᱥ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ|ᱨᱳᱦᱛᱚᱥ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱷᱩᱞᱳᱭᱟᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱑᱑᱖᱙ ᱠᱷᱨᱤᱥᱴᱟᱵᱫᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱥᱤᱞᱟᱞᱤᱯᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱯᱤᱞ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱩᱲᱩᱫ ᱱᱟᱭᱚᱠ ᱯᱨᱚᱛᱚᱯᱫᱷᱚᱵᱟᱞᱟ ᱾(ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱯᱚᱞᱟ) ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱯᱨᱚᱛᱚᱯᱫᱷᱚᱵᱟᱞᱟ [[ᱥᱟᱥᱟᱨᱟᱢ]] ᱛᱚᱨᱟᱪᱚᱱᱫᱤ ᱢᱚᱱᱫᱤᱨ ᱴᱤᱞᱳᱛᱷᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱩᱛᱞᱟ ᱵᱷᱟᱣᱟᱱᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱞᱟᱞᱤᱯᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱩᱯᱨᱩᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ᱾ ᱠᱷᱨᱤᱥᱴᱟᱵᱽᱫᱚ ᱨᱳᱦᱛᱚᱥ ᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱞ ᱫᱟᱨᱳᱣᱟᱡᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱥᱤᱞᱟᱞᱤᱯᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱯᱨᱚᱛᱚᱯᱫᱷᱚᱵᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱵᱤᱨᱟᱹᱫᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱨᱟᱹᱫᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱥᱨᱤ ᱯᱨᱚᱛᱟᱯᱟ᱾ ᱥᱤᱞᱟᱞᱤᱯᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱨᱤ ᱯᱨᱚᱛᱟᱯᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱷᱟᱭᱟᱨᱟᱵᱷᱟᱞᱵᱚᱝᱥᱚ ᱥᱮ ᱠᱷᱟᱭᱟᱨᱟᱵᱚᱞ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱵᱚᱝᱥᱚ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱦᱩᱭᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱠᱷᱟᱭᱟᱨᱚᱵᱟᱞᱟ ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱳᱭᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bhaskar.com/jharkhand/kodarma/news/the-rule-of-the-khawaras-was-never-seen-in-the-infamous-kanhachatti-for-opium-cultivation-and-insurgency-025559-4045050.html|title=अफीम की खेती और उग्रवाद के लिए बदनाम कान्हाचट्टी में कभी चलता था खरवारों का शासन|date=5 March 2019|work=bhaskar|access-date=22 October 2019}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=ROHTASGARH FORT |url=http://www.rohtasdistrict.com/rohtasgarh-fort/ |website=rohtasdistrict |access-date=2024-02-25 |archive-date=2024-02-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240225144330/https://rohtasdistrict.com/rohtasgarh-fort/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[ᱨᱮᱫ:04_09_2019-04srm01-c-1_19547076_181850.jpg|thumb| ᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱥᱟᱦᱚᱥ ᱫᱟᱣᱟᱞ ᱫᱮᱵ ᱫᱷᱤᱨᱤᱪᱤᱱ]] == ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ == ᱠᱷᱟᱨᱣᱟᱨ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱤᱱᱰᱳᱼᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ [[ᱱᱟᱜᱽᱯᱩᱨᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱥᱟᱫᱽᱨᱤ]] ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱭᱼᱟ᱾ᱠᱷᱟᱨᱣᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱩᱨᱩᱭ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱮᱱᱰᱳᱜᱟᱢᱮᱥ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱥᱩᱨᱚᱡᱵᱚᱱᱥᱤ, ᱫᱳᱣᱞᱟᱛ ᱵᱳᱱᱰᱤ, ᱯᱚᱨᱵᱚᱱᱫ, ᱠᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱵᱷᱳᱜᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱳᱭᱡᱤᱭᱟ᱾ ᱨᱤᱥᱞᱤ (᱑᱘᱑᱙) ᱵᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟ, ᱵᱟ ᱵᱟᱮᱨᱟ, ᱵᱟᱞ (ᱮᱜᱮᱞ ᱢᱟᱨᱢᱮᱞᱳᱥ ᱵᱳᱭᱟᱨ (ᱵᱮᱢᱨᱤᱭᱟ, ᱵᱳᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱪᱳᱴᱟᱱᱚᱜᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱟᱨᱳᱭᱟᱨ ᱢᱩᱫᱽᱨᱮ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱤᱪᱷᱩᱜᱟᱱ ᱦᱤᱸᱥ ᱚᱞ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱡᱮ,[[ᱯᱟᱞᱟᱢᱩ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ|ᱯᱟᱞᱢᱩ]] ᱠᱷᱟᱨᱣᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱴ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱷ, ᱫᱩᱞᱵᱚᱱᱫᱷ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱤ ᱩᱯᱚ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ, ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱚᱠᱷᱤᱱ ᱞᱳᱦᱟᱨᱫᱟᱜᱟᱨᱮ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢᱢᱟᱨᱤ, ᱠᱷᱟᱨᱣᱟᱨ, ᱵᱟᱜᱛᱟ, ᱨᱩᱴ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱱᱡᱤᱭᱟ ᱩᱯᱚ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱟᱛᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱟᱡᱜᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱛᱛᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱚᱱᱮᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱣᱜᱮ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱟᱯᱱᱟᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱛᱷᱚᱨᱟ ᱦᱚᱡᱟᱨᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱚᱱᱮᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱩᱨᱚᱡᱵᱚᱱᱥᱤ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱯᱩᱛ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱵᱤᱨᱟᱹᱫᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱟᱹᱵᱤ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱛᱩᱨᱩᱭ ᱢᱟᱦᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱡ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱚᱯᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱥᱮ ᱨᱟᱯᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱮᱞ ᱢᱟᱦᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱜᱚᱡ ᱢᱟᱦᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱟ᱾ == ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ == ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱟᱨᱣᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱥᱤᱫ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱜᱟᱸᱛᱟᱠ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲᱠᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱩᱥᱤ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾ ᱟᱯᱱᱟᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮ ᱠᱩᱥᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ <ref>{{Cite journal|last=Darpan|first=Pratiyogita|date=July 2007|title=State At A Glance - Uttar Pradesh|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7egDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PT72|journal=Pratiyogita Darpan|volume=2|issue=13|page=81}}</ref> ᱒᱐᱐᱗ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱢᱩᱫᱨᱮ, ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱢᱩᱫᱽᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱫᱚ ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱥᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱫᱚᱲᱦᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ᱾ <ref>{{Cite web |title=State wise Scheduled Tribes&nbsp;— Uttar Pradesh |url=http://tribal.nic.in/WriteReadData/CMS/Documents/201212010356439267578File1068.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161123041643/http://tribal.nic.in/WriteReadData/CMS/Documents/201212010356439267578File1068.pdf |archive-date=2016-11-23 |access-date=2017-02-04 |publisher=Ministry of Tribal Affairs, Government of India}}</ref> ᱒᱐᱑᱗ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱩᱢᱩᱝ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱫᱚᱢ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ <ref>{{Cite web |title=A-10 Individual Scheduled Caste Primary Census Abstract Data and its Appendix - Uttar Pradesh |url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/SC_ST/PCA-A10/SC-0900-PCA-A-10-ddw.xlsx |access-date=2017-02-06 |publisher=Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India}}</ref> ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱷᱟᱨᱣᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱥᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱑᱔,᱗᱙᱖ ᱦᱚᱲ᱾ ᱠᱷᱟᱨᱣᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ [[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ|ᱡᱷᱟᱲᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ]]ᱨᱮ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱥᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ᱾ <ref>{{Cite web |title=List of notified Scheduled Tribes |url=http://censusindia.gov.in/Tables_Published/SCST/ST%20Lists.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131107225208/http://censusindia.gov.in/Tables_Published/SCST/ST%20Lists.pdf |archive-date=7 November 2013 |access-date=15 December 2013 |publisher=Census India |page=12}}</ref> == ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ == * ᱱᱤᱞᱟᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱤᱛᱟᱢᱵᱚᱨ, ᱑᱘᱕᱗ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱾ * ᱪᱳᱴᱮᱞᱟᱞ ᱠᱷᱟᱨᱣᱟᱨ, ᱨᱵᱟᱨᱴᱥᱜᱧᱡ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱮᱱ ᱮᱢᱯᱤ ᱾ * ᱥᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱᱚᱱᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱳᱜᱟᱛᱟ, ᱡᱷᱟᱲᱠᱷᱚᱱᱰ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ ᱾ * [[ᱱᱤᱠᱠᱤ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱷᱟᱱ|ᱱᱤᱠᱤ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱚᱱ]], ᱦᱚᱠᱤ ᱠᱷᱮᱞᱳᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱾ == ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱢᱮ == * ᱟᱜᱳᱨᱤ ᱜᱟᱲ * ᱨᱟᱢᱜᱚᱲ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ * [[ᱠᱟᱱᱦᱟᱪᱚᱴᱴᱤ ᱵᱚᱱᱚᱛ|ᱠᱟᱱᱦᱟᱪᱚᱴᱴᱤ]] * [[ᱥᱤᱝᱨᱚᱞᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ|ᱥᱤᱝᱨᱟᱣᱞᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]] * [[ᱥᱤᱫᱷᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]] == ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ == {{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}} === ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ === *   *   == ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱢᱮ == * http://www.new.dli.ernet.in/handle/2015/150067 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160604141329/http://www.new.dli.ernet.in/handle/2015/150067 |date=2016-06-04 }} {{authority control}} [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱡᱟᱹ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ]] 647lsh13zejfhbb7fbak12ota9j4v63 14 28861 193131 193123 2026-06-25T12:00:29Z MT731 2184 MT731 ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱡ [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱜᱩᱴ]] ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱫᱚ [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ]] ᱧᱤᱛᱩᱢᱨᱮ ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟᱭ 193123 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Cat main|ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ}} {{ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ}} [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱢᱩᱢᱵᱟᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱜᱩᱴ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱠᱚ]] 3r27pftz5c4w88d8mdjz1grxr3q2tur 0 29150 193153 184012 2026-06-26T06:00:09Z InternetArchiveBot 3665 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 193153 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement <!--See the Table at Infobox settlement nepal culture for all fields and descriptions of usage--> <!-- Basic info -->| official_name = '''ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱠᱯᱩᱨᱫᱷᱟᱢ''' | native_name = '''जनकपुरधाम''' | native_name_lang = | other_name = | settlement_type = [[List of cities in Nepal#Sub-metropolitan cities|Sub-Metropolitan City]] | image_skyline = {{Photomontage | position = center | photo1a = Janki Mandir.JPG | photo2a = Northen Side view of Vivah Mandap, Janakpur-September 22, 2016-IMG 7396.jpg | photo2b = Ganga Sagar, Janakpur-September 22, 2016-IMG 7686.jpg | photo3a = Nepal Railway, Janakpur 20200918 03.jpg | size = 290 | spacing = 2 | color = #FFFFFF | border = 0 | foot_montage = Clockwise from top<br>Janaki Mandir, Ganga Sagar, Train in Janakpur and Vivah Mandap }} | image_caption = | motto = ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱨᱤᱪᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ <!-- images and maps -->| image_map = | mapsize = | map_caption = | pushpin_map = Nepal Madhesh Province#Nepal | pushpin_label_position = bottom | pushpin_mapsize = 300 | pushpin_map_caption = Location in Madhesh Province | coordinates = {{coord|26|43|43|N|85|55|30|E|type:city_region:NP|display=inline,title}} <!-- Location -->| subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = {{flag|ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞ}} | subdivision_type1 = [[ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ|ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ]] | subdivision_type2 = ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ | subdivision_type4 = | subdivision_type3 = | subdivision_name3 = | subdivision_name1 = [[ᱢᱚᱫᱷᱮᱥ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ]] | subdivision_name2 = [[ᱫᱷᱟᱱᱩᱥᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ|ᱫᱷᱟᱱᱩᱥᱟ]] | subdivision_name4 = <!-- Politics --> | established_title = Settled | established_date = Vedic Period | government_footnotes = | government_type = [[Mayor–council government]] | leader_title = [[Mayor]] | leader_name = Manoj Kumar Sah ([[Nepali Congress|NC]]) | leader_title1 = [[Deputy Mayor]] | leader_name1 = Kishori Sah ([[Nepali Congress|NC]]) | image_seal = | unit_pref = <!--Enter: Imperial, if Imperial (metric) is desired--> | area_footnotes = | area_total_km2 = 91.97 | area_total_sq_mi = <!-- Population --> | elevation_footnotes = <!--for references: use <ref> </ref> tags--> | elevation_m = 74 <!-- Area/postal codes & others -->| population_total = 195,438<ref name="janakpurmun.gov.np">{{Cite web|url=http://www.janakpurmun.gov.np/en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170902182547/http://www.janakpurmun.gov.np/en|archive-date=2 September 2017|title=Janakpurdham Sub-Metropolitan City &#124; "Religious, Cultural, Touristry Place Janakpurdham"}}</ref> | population_as_of = [[2021 Nepal census|2021]] | population_footnotes = | population_density_km2 = auto | population_rank = [[List of cities of Nepal|11th]] | population_blank1_title = | population_blank2_title = | demographics_type1 = Languages | demographics1_title1 = Official | demographics1_info1 = [[Nepali language|Nepali]] | demographics1_title2 = Local | demographics1_info2 = [[Maithili language|Maithili]] <!-- General information -->| population_note = | postal_code_type = [[Postal code]] | postal_code = 45600 | area_code = 041 | website = {{URL|https://janakpurmun.gov.np/}} | footnotes = | image_size = 400px | timezone = [[Nepal Standard Time|NST]] | utc_offset = +5:45 | timezone_DST = | utc_offset_DST = | blank_name = | blank_info = | name = '''ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱠᱯᱩᱨ ''' | population_demonym = [[Maithil]] | image_blank_emblem = | nickname = ''' The City of Ponds''' | established_title1 = as Municipality | established_date1 = 1962 | established_title2 = {{Increase}} to Sub-Metro | established_date2 = 2017 | established_title3 = Previously part of | established_date3 = [[Mithila (region)|Mithila]] | named_for = King [[Janaka]] | population_density_sq_mi = 2125 | population_density_rank = [[List of cities of Nepal|4th]] }} '''ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱠᱯᱩᱨᱫᱷᱟᱢ''' ᱥᱮ '''ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱠᱯᱩᱨ''' ([[ᱢᱚᱭᱛᱷᱤᱞᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱢᱚᱭᱛᱷᱤᱞᱤ]]: जनकपुर), ᱫᱚ [[ᱢᱚᱫᱷᱮᱥ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱥᱟᱵᱽ-ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱚᱯᱚᱞᱤᱴᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ [[ᱢᱚᱭᱛᱷᱤᱞᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]], ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱨᱤᱪᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱥᱟᱸᱜᱷᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱩᱲᱩᱫ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱘ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱦᱤᱞ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱤᱫᱮᱦᱟ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱡᱩᱫᱤ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱥᱟᱹᱵᱩᱫ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref name=Burghart1978>{{cite journal |last1=Burghart |first1=Richard |title=The Disappearance and Reappearance of Janakpur |journal=Kailash: A Journal of Himalayan Studies |date=1978 |pages=257-284 |url=https://himalaya.socanth.cam.ac.uk/collections/journals/kailash/pdf/kailash_06_04_03.pdf |access-date=2024-11-11 |archive-date=2024-11-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241111170454/https://himalaya.socanth.cam.ac.uk/collections/journals/kailash/pdf/kailash_06_04_03.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱠᱯᱩᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱴᱷᱟᱢᱟᱱᱰᱩ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱒᱒᱕ ᱠᱤ.ᱢᱤ. (᱑᱔᱐ ᱢᱟᱭᱤᱞ) ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱒᱐᱒᱑ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ, ᱱᱟᱜᱽᱨᱟᱦᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱒,᱑᱒᱕ ᱪᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱠᱤ.ᱢᱤ. ᱰᱮᱱᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱑᱙᱕,᱔᱓᱘ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.distancefromto.net/between/Kathmandu/Janakpur|title=Distance from Kathmandu to Janakpur|website=www.distancefromto.net|access-date=8 September 2018|archive-date=25 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160325093131/http://www.distancefromto.net/between/kathmandu/janakpur|url-status=live}}</ref> ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱠᱯᱩᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱠᱯᱩᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱵᱷᱤᱴᱴᱟᱢᱚᱨ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱒᱓ ᱠᱤ.ᱢᱤ. ᱥᱟᱺᱜᱤᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{Cite web |title=ICP Bhithamore {{!}} Land Ports Authority of India |url=https://lpai.gov.in/en/icp-bhithamore |access-date=2022-05-10 |website=lpai.gov.in |archive-date=2022-03-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220331144102/https://www.lpai.gov.in/en/icp-bhithamore |url-status=dead }}</ref> ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱠᱯᱩᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱚᱭᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ==ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ== ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱠᱯᱩᱨᱫᱷᱟᱢ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱠᱯᱩᱨ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱛᱷᱤᱞᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱤᱫᱮᱦᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱟᱡᱟ - ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱠ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ==ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ== ==ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ== {{Historical population | source = ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ | footnote = ᱰᱮᱴᱟ ᱫᱚ [[ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ |1991 | 54710 |2001 | 74192 |2011 | 97776 |2021 | 195438 }} ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱡᱩᱱ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱠᱯᱩᱨ ᱢᱤᱣᱱᱤᱥᱤᱯᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱙,᱑᱙᱕ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱙᱘,᱔᱔᱖ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱔,᱐᱐᱐ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱪᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱟᱨ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ᱾ ᱒᱐᱑᱕ ᱥᱟᱞᱨᱮ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱵᱽ-ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱚᱯᱚᱞᱤᱴᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱑ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱟᱰᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱮ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱑᱗᱓,᱙᱒᱔ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱩᱨᱩᱭ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ [[ᱢᱚᱭᱛᱷᱤᱞᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱢᱚᱭᱛᱷᱤᱞᱤ]] ᱫᱚ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱹᱦᱤᱞ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱨᱚᱲᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ [[ᱞᱤᱝᱜᱩᱣᱟ ᱯᱷᱨᱟᱝᱠᱟ]] ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ [[ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞᱤ]], [[ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ]], [[ᱢᱟᱨᱣᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱢᱟᱲᱣᱟᱲᱤ]], ᱟᱨ [[ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ]] ᱵᱷᱟᱹᱜᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ [[ᱵᱷᱳᱡᱽᱯᱩᱨᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱵᱷᱳᱡᱽᱯᱩᱨᱤ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱚᱵᱚᱫᱷᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱚᱵᱚᱫᱷᱤ]] ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱙᱐ ᱥᱟᱭᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱷᱩ ᱠᱚ, ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱥᱞᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱩᱫᱷᱩᱛ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ᱾ ==ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ== ==ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱭ-ᱦᱤᱸᱥᱤᱫ== ==ᱥᱟᱜᱟᱲᱚᱢ== ===ᱥᱚᱲᱚᱠ=== ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱠᱯᱩᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱥ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ, ᱥᱟᱭᱠᱮᱞ ᱨᱤᱠᱥᱟ, ᱤᱞᱮᱠᱴᱨᱤᱠ ᱨᱤᱠᱥᱟ, ᱴᱮᱢᱯᱳ (ᱯᱮ ᱪᱟᱠᱟ ᱜᱟᱹᱰᱤ), ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱥᱟᱸᱜᱷᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱨᱟᱢᱟᱭᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱨᱠᱤᱴ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱛᱟᱢᱟᱨᱦᱤ, [[ᱯᱟᱴᱱᱟ]], [[ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱟᱭᱳᱫᱷᱭᱟ]] ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱥ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{Cite web|agency=PTI|date=May 11, 2018|title=Modi, Oli launch Janakpur-Ayodhya bus service {{!}} India News - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/modi-oli-flag-off-janakpur-ayodhya-bus-service/articleshow/64120958.cms|access-date=2021-08-05|website=The Times of India|language=en|archive-date=5 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210805054044/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/modi-oli-flag-off-janakpur-ayodhya-bus-service/articleshow/64120958.cms|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Piyush Tripathi|date=Sep 4, 2018|title=Patna buses: Soon, 4 AC buses to ply from Patna to Janakpur {{!}} Patna News - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/soon-4-ac-buses-to-ply-from-patna-to-janakpur/articleshow/65662095.cms|access-date=2021-08-05|website=The Times of India|language=en|archive-date=5 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210805054044/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/soon-4-ac-buses-to-ply-from-patna-to-janakpur/articleshow/65662095.cms|url-status=live}}</ref> ===ᱨᱮᱞ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ=== [[File:Panorama of Janakpurdham Railway Station, Nepal.jpg|thumb|ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱠᱯᱩᱨᱫᱷᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ, ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱮᱱᱚᱨᱟᱢᱟ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱢ]] [[File:Janakpur Railway Station, Nepal Railway 20200918.jpg|thumb|right|ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱠᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ]] ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱟᱣᱛᱟ ᱨᱮ [[ᱡᱚᱭᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ]]-ᱵᱟᱨᱰᱤᱵᱟᱥ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱜᱮ ᱪᱟᱹᱞᱩ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞ-ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱠᱯᱩᱨ ᱥᱤᱨᱟᱦᱟ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱦᱟ ᱥᱮᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱭᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ, ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱛᱮ᱾‍ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱤᱨᱟᱦᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱪᱮᱠᱯᱚᱭᱮᱱᱴ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref name=":0"/> ==ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ== ==ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ== ==ᱢᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ== ==ᱢᱤᱥᱮᱨᱟ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ== ==ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱠᱚ== ==ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ== {{Wikivoyage|ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱠᱯᱩᱨ}} {{Commons category|position=left|ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱠᱯᱩᱨ}} ==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ== 825nikfeurhhqd0i3bpc36ws2m1xmkg 0 29878 193159 164854 2026-06-26T08:49:13Z InternetArchiveBot 3665 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 193159 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = ᱢᱳᱱᱤᱠᱟ ᱜᱤᱞ | image = Monica Gill at completion bash of Paltan.jpg | caption = ᱢᱳᱱᱤᱠᱟ ᱜᱤᱞ | birth_date = {{birth based on age as of date|24|2013|11|27}}<ref name="IT"/> | birth_place = | education = | title = Miss India USA 2013<br />Miss India Worldwide 2014<ref name="Greening 2015">{{cite web |last=Greening |first=Danielle |title=Meet the 7 Finalists of India's Next Top Model |website=DESIblitz |date=23 August 2015 |url=http://www.desiblitz.com/content/final-7-contestants-indias-next-top-model |access-date=16 June 2016}}</ref> | term = June 2014 – November 2015 | partner = Gurshawn Sahota ({{abbr|e.|engaged}} 2018 -2021)<ref name="twoyears"/> | website = }} '''ᱢᱳᱱᱤᱠᱟ ᱜᱤᱞ''' ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱚᱰᱮᱞ, ᱮᱠᱴᱨᱮᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱧᱮᱯᱮᱞᱤᱭᱟ. ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱑ ᱡᱩᱱ ᱒᱐᱑᱔ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱥ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱣᱟᱨᱞᱰᱣᱟᱭᱰ ᱒᱐᱑᱔ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟ.ᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾<ref>{{cite web |last=Francis |first=Sneha May |title=UAE to Bollywood: Miss India Worldwide Monica Gill's dream |website=Emirates 24&#124;7 |date=16 June 2016 |url=http://www.emirates247.com/entertainment/uae-to-bollywood-miss-india-worldwide-monica-gill-s-dream-2014-06-28-1.554621 |access-date=16 June 2016 |archive-date=25 June 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180625213218/https://www.emirates247.com/entertainment/uae-to-bollywood-miss-india-worldwide-monica-gill-s-dream-2014-06-28-1.554621 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=from |first=IANS |title=Monica Gill from US is Miss India Worldwide 2014 |website=The Times of India |date=21 June 2014 |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/nri/nri-achievers/Monica-Gill-Miss-India-Worldwide-2014/articleshow/36932695.cms |access-date=16 June 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Pennington |first=Roberta |title=American Monica Gill wins Miss India Worldwide in UAE |website=The National |date=21 June 2014 |url=http://www.thenational.ae/uae/tourism/american-monica-gill-wins-miss-india-worldwide-in-uae |access-date=16 June 2016}}</ref> ᱢᱤᱥ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱱᱤᱭᱩ ᱤᱝᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱚᱠᱛᱮ ᱒᱖ ᱱᱚᱵᱷᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱑᱓ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱥ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱭᱩ ᱮᱥ ᱮ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟ. ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾<ref>{{cite web |last=Chitnis |first=Deepak |title=Boston student Monica Gill crowned Miss India USA 2013 |website=The American Bazaar |date=27 November 2013 |url=http://www.americanbazaaronline.com/2013/11/27/boston-student-monica-gill-crowned-miss-india-usa-2013/ |access-date=16 June 2016}}</ref><ref name="IT">{{cite web |title=Monica Gill crowned Miss India USA 2013 |website=India Today |date=27 November 2013 |url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/monica-gill-crowned-miss-india-usa-2013/1/326678.html |access-date=16 June 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=PTI |title=Monica Gill crowned Miss India USA 2013 |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/nri/nris-in-news/monica-gill-crowned-miss-india-usa-2013/articleshow/26428492.cms |access-date=28 March 2021 |work=The Economic Times |date=26 November 2013}}</ref> ᱒᱐᱑᱕ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ MTV ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱥᱳ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟᱱᱥ ᱱᱮᱠᱥᱴ ᱴᱚᱯ ᱢᱳᱰᱮᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ==ᱠᱮᱨᱤᱭᱚᱨ== ᱜᱤᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱰᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱠᱮᱨᱤᱭᱚᱨ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱪᱮᱠᱟᱭᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱢᱤᱥ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱜᱤᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱞᱤᱣᱩᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱷᱟᱹᱲᱭᱟᱹᱛ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱟᱹ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱤᱱᱰᱚᱥᱴᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱫᱩᱲᱩᱵ ᱮ ᱮᱛᱦᱚᱵ ᱠᱮᱫ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱴᱤᱯᱥ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱟᱯᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱥᱤᱱᱮᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱫ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱜᱤᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱚᱞᱤᱣᱩᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱳᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮ ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱵᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱹᱬ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱚᱧᱡᱟᱵᱤ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ, ᱜᱤᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱚᱧᱡᱟᱵᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱚᱧᱡᱟᱵᱤ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱠᱟ. ᱜᱤᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱢᱵᱟᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱮᱞᱮᱱᱴ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱴ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫ-ᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱤᱢ ᱰᱮᱵᱩᱴ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱟᱥᱲᱟ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱜᱤᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱧᱡᱟᱵᱤ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱰᱮᱵᱩᱴ ᱒᱐᱑᱖ ᱴᱤᱯᱥ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱚᱢᱵᱚᱨᱥᱚᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱤᱞᱡᱤᱛ ᱫᱳᱥᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱠᱟ. ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱵᱞᱚᱠᱵᱟᱥᱴᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱧᱡᱟᱵᱤ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟ.ᱢᱤ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ । ᱤᱱᱟᱹ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱒᱐᱑᱗ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱷᱤᱨᱚᱝᱜᱤ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱫ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱑᱘ ᱨᱮ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱯᱟᱞᱴᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱨᱥᱵᱚᱨᱫᱷᱚᱱ ᱨᱟᱱᱮ ᱟᱜ ᱞᱚᱵᱽ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱮ ᱠᱷᱮᱞ ᱞᱮᱫ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱑᱙ ᱨᱮ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱚᱧᱡᱟᱵᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱰᱨᱟᱢᱟ ᱭᱟᱨᱟ ᱵᱷᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱞᱮᱫ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱳᱱᱤᱠᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱒᱐-᱒᱐᱒᱑ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱪᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱹᱥᱠᱟᱹᱭ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱫ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite news |title=Monica Gill reposts tweets shared by International stars supporting farmers' protest |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/punjabi/movies/news/monica-gill-reposts-tweets-shared-by-international-stars-supporting-farmers-protest/articleshow/80683504.cms |access-date=21 March 2021 |work=The Times of India |date=4 February 2021 |language=en}}</ref> ==ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ== ᱜᱤᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱤᱡ ᱜᱚᱲᱚᱢ ᱦᱟᱲᱟᱢ ᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱯᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱮᱞᱤᱯᱷᱳᱨᱱᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱰᱮᱱᱴᱤᱥᱴ ᱜᱩᱨᱥᱚᱣᱱ ᱥᱟᱦᱳᱛᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱮ ᱵᱟᱯᱞᱟ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ᱾ ᱒᱐᱑᱘ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱯᱞᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱸᱜᱤᱧ ᱥᱟᱸᱜᱤᱧ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱜᱤᱞ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ-ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱯᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱰᱤᱝ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱛᱮᱭ ᱨᱩᱣᱟ.ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ, ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱯᱞᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱤᱡᱮᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱩᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ। ᱜᱤᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱦᱳᱛᱟ ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱛᱮᱠᱚ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱩᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱱᱤᱣ ᱭᱚᱨᱠ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ== {{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}} ==ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ== {{commons category}} *{{IMDb name|8033021}} * {{Instagram|monica_gill1}} c5pv0hgkht8p6q1ptgt2q2a7pomoupp 0 35230 193144 191550 2026-06-26T01:53:16Z InternetArchiveBot 3665 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 193144 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|ᱮᱛᱚᱢ-ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ}}{{Infobox ethnic group||group=ᱟᱠᱷᱟ|image=Akha tribe depiction, 1900s.jpg|caption=᱑᱙᱐᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱵᱚᱨᱢᱤ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ|pop=᱖᱘᱐,᱐᱐᱐|region1=[[ᱪᱤᱱ]]|pop1=᱒᱔᱐,᱐᱐᱐|ref1=<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ethnologue.com/language/ahk/|title=Akha|work=Ethnologue (Free All) |publisher=Ethnologue|access-date=December 26, 2023}}</ref>|region2=[[ᱞᱟᱣᱚᱥ]]|pop2=᱑᱑᱒,᱙᱗᱙|ref2=<ref name="Census2015">{{cite web|url=https://lao.unfpa.org/sites/default/files/pub-pdf/PHC-ENG-FNAL-WEB_0.pdf|title=Results of Population and Housing Census 2015 |publisher=Lao Statistics Bureau |access-date=1 May 2020}}</ref>|region3=[[ᱛᱷᱟᱭᱞᱮᱱᱰ|ᱛᱷᱟᱭᱞᱟᱱᱰ]]|pop3=᱘᱐,᱐᱐᱐|ref3=<ref>{{cite web | url=https://thelandofwanderlust.com/hill-tribe-chinese-roots-akha-tribe-chiang-rai/ | title=The hill tribe with Chinese roots: Akha tribe, Chiang Rai | date=3 January 2018 }}</ref>|popplace=[[ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱮᱛᱚᱢᱼᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱭᱩᱱᱱᱟᱱ]] ([[ᱪᱤᱱ]])|rels=ᱟᱠᱷᱟᱡᱟ ([[ᱡᱤᱣᱤᱣᱟᱫᱽ]]),<ref>[http://www.akha.org/content/aboutakhalife/akhaoverview.html The Akha Heritage Foundation]</ref> [[Buddhism|ᱵᱩᱫᱫᱷᱚ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ]], [[Christianity|ᱤᱥᱟᱹᱭ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ]]<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20030831012827/http://www.atimes.com/atimes/Southeast_Asia/EH29Ae01.html "Christian conversion threatens hill tribe culture"], ''Asia Times''</ref>|langs=[[ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]], [[ᱞᱟᱣᱚᱥ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]], [[ᱛᱷᱟᱭ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]]|related=[[ᱦᱟᱱᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ]], [[ᱠᱟᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ]]|native_name=|native_name_lang=}} '''ᱟᱠᱷᱟ''' ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱟᱣᱚᱥ, ᱢᱤᱭᱟᱱᱢᱟᱨ, ᱛᱷᱟᱭᱞᱮᱱᱰ, ᱵᱷᱤᱭᱮᱛᱱᱟᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱪᱤᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱭᱩᱱᱱᱟᱱ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱪᱤᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮᱛᱚᱢᱼᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱚᱨᱢᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱣᱚᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱛᱷᱟᱭᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱱ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱛᱷᱟᱭᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱛᱷᱟᱭᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱪᱤᱭᱟᱝ ᱢᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱪᱤᱭᱟᱝ ᱨᱟᱭ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱢᱫᱟᱡᱽ ᱘᱐,᱐᱐᱐ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾<ref>Chiang Mai's Hill Peoples in: Forbes, Andrew, and Henley, David, ''Ancient Chiang Mai'' Volume 3. Chiang Mai, Cognoscenti Books, 2012.</ref> ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱤᱵᱵᱚᱛᱤᱼᱵᱚᱨᱢᱤ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱳᱞᱳᱭᱤᱥ (ᱭᱤ)ᱪᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱤᱥᱩ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱮᱥᱟ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱮᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱑᱖᱔᱔ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱝ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱵᱚᱝᱥᱚ ᱟᱜ ᱟᱠᱨᱚᱢᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱭᱩᱱᱱᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱣᱥᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱮᱝᱪᱳᱝ ᱵᱮᱰᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱜᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ == ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ == [[ᱨᱮᱫ:Flag_of_the_Akha_People_(Thailand).svg|thumb|ᱛᱷᱟᱭᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱪᱤᱨ]] ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱮᱵᱮᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱩᱱᱠᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱤᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ; ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ, ᱚᱠᱟ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱢᱚᱛ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱹᱵᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱠᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱤᱵᱵᱚᱛ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱠᱤᱪᱷᱩ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱭᱩᱱᱱᱟᱱ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱘᱖᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱵᱚᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱨᱚᱢᱟᱬ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱒᱐ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱵᱚᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱛᱷᱟᱭᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱚᱞᱚ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱵᱚᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱤᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="Kammerer">{{cite journal|last=Kammerer|first=Cornelia Ann|journal=Gle Rubin Virtual Reference Library|year=1996|volume=5|series=East and South East Asia|pages=11–13|access-date=30 April 2012|title=GALE search}}</ref> == ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱢᱟᱱᱚᱛ == [[ᱨᱮᱫ:Akha_laos_11_03d.jpg|thumb|ᱞᱟᱣᱚᱥ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ]] ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱛᱚᱢᱼᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱪᱤᱱ, ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱞᱟᱣᱚᱥ, ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱢᱤᱭᱟᱱᱢᱟᱨ, ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱛᱷᱟᱭᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱧᱮᱼᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱵᱷᱤᱭᱮᱛᱱᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱾ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱢᱫᱟᱡᱽ ᱔᱐᱐,᱐᱐᱐ (ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ, ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱳᱵᱚᱠᱥ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱖᱘᱐,᱐᱐᱐) ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱪᱤᱱ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱠᱟᱭᱛᱮ ᱦᱟᱱᱤ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱣᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱾ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱟᱱᱤ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ, ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱠᱚ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱾<ref name="Hilltribe">{{cite web|url=http://www.hilltribe.org/akha/|title=The Akha|publisher=HillTribe.org|access-date=3 May 2012}}</ref> ᱛᱷᱟᱭᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱨᱮ, ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱩᱨᱩᱭ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱛᱷᱟᱭᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱡᱤᱥᱴᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱠᱚ ᱮᱢᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱤᱭᱟᱱᱢᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱷᱟᱭᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱭ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ "ᱜᱳ" ᱥᱮ "ᱮᱠᱟᱣ" ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱚᱯᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱞᱟᱣᱚᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱭ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ "ᱠᱷᱳ" ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱦᱟ ᱨᱮ "ᱠᱷᱟ" ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱜᱟᱣᱟ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ (ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱠᱟᱭᱛᱮ ᱢᱚᱱᱼᱠᱷᱚᱢᱮᱨ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ) ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ == ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ == [[ᱨᱮᱫ:Akha_women.jpg|thumb|ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ, ᱑᱙᱐᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱥᱮᱫ]] ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ "ᱟᱵᱷᱠᱟᱵᱽᱫᱟᱣ" ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ ᱫᱚ "ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ" ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱱᱳᱼᱛᱤᱵᱵᱚᱛᱤ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱳᱞᱳ/ᱭᱤ ᱪᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱳᱱᱟᱞ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ 'ᱡᱤᱣ ᱜᱚ' ᱪᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱪᱤᱱ, ᱛᱷᱟᱭᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱭᱟᱱᱢᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲᱟ ᱾<ref name="Kammerer" /> ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱱ ᱚᱞ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜᱼᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱤᱥᱟᱹᱭ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱤᱪᱷᱩ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="Hilltribe" /> == ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ == [[ᱨᱮᱫ:ผาฮี้_Pha_Hee_Akha_Village,_Chiangrai_02.jpg|thumb|ᱛᱷᱟᱭᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱪᱤᱭᱟᱝ ᱨᱟᱭ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ 'ᱯᱷᱟ ᱦᱤ' ]] ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱜᱮ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ, ᱟᱥᱚᱠᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱸᱡᱤᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱵᱚᱞᱚ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ, ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱨᱤᱪᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱩᱥᱠᱤᱞ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟᱱ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ, ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱱ ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱹᱬᱼᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱥᱮ ᱩᱥᱩᱞᱼᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱮᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜᱼᱟ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱢᱟᱱᱚᱛᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱠᱟᱭᱛᱮ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱭᱫᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱢᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱾<ref name="Akha">{{cite web|title=An Overview of the Akha|url=http://www.akha.org/content/aboutakhalife/akhaoverview.html|access-date=29 April 2012}}</ref> ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱨᱤᱪᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱴ, ᱢᱟᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱣᱲᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱᱟ: "ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ", ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱟᱨ "ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ", ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱷᱩᱱᱴᱤ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱷᱤᱨ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱟᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱞᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱠᱟᱴ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱩᱣᱟᱹᱨ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱠᱷᱳᱫᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ "ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱫᱩᱣᱟᱹᱨ" ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱩᱣᱟᱹᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ (ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱣᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ) ᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ (ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱡᱟᱱᱣᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ) ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱩᱣᱟᱹᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱜᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱡᱷᱩᱞᱟᱹ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱯᱲᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱡᱷᱩᱞᱟᱹ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱳᱲᱳ ᱪᱟᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱾<gallery> ᱨᱮᱫ:Akha_People_Ghost_Gate_in_Pha_Hi_ประตูผี_ชาวอาข่า_ผาฮี้_01.jpg|ᱛᱷᱟᱭᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ "ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱫᱩᱣᱟᱹᱨ" ᱨᱮᱫ:Akha_Hut.JPG|ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱠᱩᱸᱵᱽᱲᱤ ᱨᱮᱫ:Akha_fishing.JPG|ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱠᱩ ᱜᱚᱡ ᱨᱮᱫ:Akha_hilltribe,_Chiang_Rai_Province_P1110690.JPG|ᱟᱠᱷᱟ, ᱪᱤᱭᱟᱝ ᱨᱟᱭ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱫ:Akha_village.jpg|ᱠᱚᱸᱭᱮ ᱛᱷᱟᱭᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮᱫ:Akha_Funeral1.JPG|ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱟᱸᱰᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ </gallery> === ᱟᱹᱨᱤᱪᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ === [[ᱨᱮᱫ:Akha_man_with_opium_pipe.jpg|thumb|300x300px|ᱟᱯᱷᱤᱢ ᱧᱩᱭᱮᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ (᱑᱙᱗᱙)]] ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱲᱩᱛ ᱟᱹᱥᱩᱞᱚᱜ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱟᱥ ᱵᱟᱥ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱭᱟᱵᱤᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱲᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱟᱥᱟ ᱾ ᱦᱳᱲᱳ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱱᱠᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱪᱟᱥ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱠᱤᱪᱷᱩ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱯᱷᱤᱢ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱟᱥᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱛᱷᱟᱭ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="Goodman-1996">{{cite book|last=Goodman|first=Jim|title=Meet the Akha|year=1996|publisher=White Lotus Co Ltd|isbn=9748496562|pages=113}}</ref> ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱨᱤᱪᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱡᱷᱩᱢ ᱪᱟᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱡᱮᱨᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱪᱟᱥ ᱵᱟᱹᱫᱽ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨᱟ ᱾ ᱛᱷᱟᱭ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱪᱟᱥ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ, ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱩᱠᱨᱤ, ᱥᱤᱢ, ᱜᱮᱰᱮ, ᱢᱮᱨᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱰᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱹᱥᱩᱞ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱩᱢᱟᱹᱞᱟ ᱾ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱾ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱩᱥᱤᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱞᱟᱦᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱜᱼᱥᱟᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟᱭᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱫᱩᱠ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name=Thailine>{{cite web|url=http://www.thailine.com/thailand/english/hill-e/akha-e.htm|title=Akha|work=The Hilltribes of Thailand|publisher=Thailand Online|access-date=3 May 2012|archive-date=14 October 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231014170823/http://www.thailine.com/thailand/english/hill-e/akha-e.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> == ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱹᱛᱭᱟᱹᱣ == [[ᱨᱮᱫ:Woman_with_child_in_Thailand..jpg|thumb|ᱛᱷᱟᱭᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ]] [[ᱨᱮᱫ:Akha_couple.JPG|thumb|ᱥᱩᱠᱨᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱚᱢ ᱚᱪᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱟᱭᱨᱟ ᱰᱟᱹᱨ ᱤᱫᱤᱭᱮᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ]] ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ''ᱡᱟᱵᱷ'' ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱠᱟᱭᱛᱮ ᱡᱤᱣᱤᱣᱟᱫᱽ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱯᱲᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱮᱥᱟ ᱨᱩᱯ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱮ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱹᱦᱤᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱾<ref name="Tooker">{{cite journal|last=Tooker|first=Deborah|title=Identity Systems of Highland Burma: 'Belief', Akha Zan, and a Critique of Interiorized Notions of Ethno-Religious Identity|journal=Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland|year=1992|volume=27|issue=4|pages=799–819}}</ref> ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱙ ᱥᱮ ᱑᱒ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱦᱟᱯᱲᱟᱢ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ, ᱦᱳᱲᱳ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱫᱩᱣᱟᱹᱨ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱯᱟᱨᱟᱵᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱯᱲᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ "ᱛᱷᱩᱢ" ᱠᱚ ᱠᱚᱭᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ, ᱦᱳᱲᱳ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱣᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱰᱷᱮᱨ ᱪᱟᱥ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name="Kammerer" /><ref name="Belief">{{cite web|title=The Akha Belief and Life System|url=http://www.akha.org/content/aboutakhalife/akhabelieflife.html|access-date=4 May 2012}}</ref> ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱛᱭᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱟᱭᱳ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱡᱷᱚᱜᱽᱲᱟ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱱ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱹᱥᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱟᱱᱟᱴ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱹᱜᱩᱭᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱨᱤᱛᱩ (ᱨᱚᱦᱚᱲ) ᱟᱨ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱨᱤᱛᱩ (ᱞᱚᱦᱚᱫ) ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱳᱲᱳ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ "ᱡᱤᱣᱤ" ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱚᱰᱚᱠ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱹᱥᱩ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name="Belief" /> ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱢᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹᱣᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱫᱩᱣᱟᱹᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱷᱩᱞᱟᱹ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱪᱟᱹᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱥᱟᱢᱵᱽᱲᱟᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱢᱟᱨ ᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ [[ᱨᱮᱫ:Akha_Swing_at_Pha_Hee_Village_บ้านผาฮี้_ชิงช้า_ชาวอาข่า.jpg|thumb|ᱛᱷᱟᱭᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱷᱟ ᱦᱤ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱷᱩᱞᱟᱹ]] ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱯᱟᱨᱟᱵᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ "ᱡᱷᱩᱞᱟᱹ ᱯᱟᱨᱟᱵᱽ"᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱜᱚᱥᱴ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱳ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ, ᱦᱳᱲᱳ ᱮᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱑᱒᱐ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱾ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ''ᱭᱮᱦᱠᱩᱡᱟ'' ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ ᱫᱚ "ᱦᱟᱫ ᱦᱳᱲᱳ ᱡᱚᱢ" ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱨᱟᱵᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱯᱲᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱨᱟᱵᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱥᱚᱠᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱮ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱫ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱞᱤᱵᱟᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱚᱦᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱮᱱᱮᱡᱼᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱫᱩᱜᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ "ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ" ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱰᱤᱥᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱳ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱹᱨᱤᱪᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱫᱚ "ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ" ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite news|last=Goodman|first=Jim|url=http://www.chiangmainews.com/ecmn/viewfa.php?id=497|access-date=3 May 2012|newspaper=Chiang Mai City Life|title=The Akha Swing Festival|date=September 2003}}</ref> === ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱜᱼᱵᱟᱱᱫᱮ === [[ᱨᱮᱫ:MuangSing_ThatXiengTung4_tango7174.jpg|thumb|ᱞᱟᱣᱚᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱣᱟᱝ ᱥᱤᱝ ᱨᱮ 'ᱛᱷᱟᱛ ᱥᱤᱭᱮᱝ ᱛᱩᱝ' ᱯᱟᱨᱟᱵᱽ ᱾ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱨᱟᱵᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱛᱟᱝ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱮᱫ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾]] ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱜᱼᱵᱟᱱᱫᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱛᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱩᱛᱟᱹᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱬᱤᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣᱚᱜ ᱛᱮᱧ ᱡᱚᱱᱛᱨᱚ ᱛᱮ ᱞᱩᱜᱽᱨᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱮᱧᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱞᱩᱜᱽᱨᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱤᱞ ᱨᱚᱝ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱚᱦᱚᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱦᱟᱢᱟᱞ ᱞᱮᱜᱤᱝᱥ, ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱠᱷᱟᱴᱚ ᱦᱮᱸᱫᱮ ᱥᱟᱭᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱦᱮᱸᱫᱮ ᱠᱩᱨᱛᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱜᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱩᱛᱟᱹᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱳᱫᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱛᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱱᱚᱠᱥᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱦᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱩᱯᱨᱤ ᱥᱮ ᱜᱚᱦᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱜᱼᱵᱟᱱᱫᱮ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱪᱚᱨᱚᱠ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱯᱞᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱚᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱴᱩᱯᱨᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱜᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱢᱫᱟᱡᱽ ᱑᱒ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱨᱮ, ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱩᱯᱨᱤ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱩᱣᱟᱹᱱ ᱠᱩᱲᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱴᱩᱯᱨᱤ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱜ ᱮ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱴᱩᱯᱨᱤ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱨᱩᱯᱟᱹ ᱥᱤᱠᱠᱟᱹ, ᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱥᱮ ᱥᱤᱢ ᱤᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱞᱟᱜᱟᱣ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱪᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱩᱯᱨᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ:<blockquote>"ᱩᱞᱳ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱴᱩᱯᱨᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱳᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ, ᱨᱩᱯᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱢ ᱤᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱷᱟᱹᱞᱚᱨ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱟᱢᱤ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱨᱩᱯᱟᱹ ᱥᱤᱠᱠᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱩᱯᱟᱹ ᱨᱤᱝ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱴᱩᱯᱨᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱜᱟ ᱾ ᱞᱳᱢᱤ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱨᱩᱯᱟᱹ ᱵᱚᱞ ᱛᱮ ᱜᱷᱮᱨᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱜᱳᱞ ᱴᱩᱯᱨᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱜᱟ ᱾"<ref>{{cite web|url=http://tudtu.tripod.com/hillsty1.htm|title=High Fashion, Hill Style|access-date=3 May 2012|archive-date=29 June 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170629081338/http://tudtu.tripod.com/hillsty1.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref></blockquote><gallery> ᱨᱮᱫ:Akha_woman,_Myanmar.jpg|ᱢᱤᱭᱟᱱᱢᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱮᱫ:Akha_Laos_4-11-06.jpg|ᱞᱟᱣᱚᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱮᱫ:Akha_laos_11_03a.jpg|ᱞᱟᱣᱚᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱮᱫ:Akha_Laos_11_03b.jpg|ᱞᱟᱣᱚᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱮᱫ:Akha_Dress.JPG|ᱛᱷᱟᱭᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱮᱫ:Akha_Woman.jpg|ᱛᱷᱟᱭᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱮᱫ:Akha_Man_in_Thailand.jpg|ᱛᱷᱟᱭᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ </gallery> === ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ === ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱲᱩᱛ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱳᱲᱳ,ᱰᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱟ, ᱥᱩᱠᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱢ ᱟᱹᱥᱩᱞ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱦᱳᱲᱳ, ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ, ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱲᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ, ᱢᱟᱹᱨᱤᱪ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱚᱥᱞᱟ ᱪᱟᱥ ᱵᱟᱥ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱮᱜᱚᱨ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱛᱩᱢᱟᱹᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱤᱞ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱩᱱᱠᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.akha.org/content/aboutakhalife/akhaoverview.html|title=An Overview of the Akha|website=The Akha Heritage Foundation}}</ref><gallery> ᱨᱮᱫ:Akha_cuisine_Nue-phueng_tzue-ze.JPG|''ᱱᱩᱭ ᱯᱷᱩᱭᱮᱝ ᱛᱡᱩᱭᱮᱼᱡᱮ'': ᱪᱟᱣᱞᱮ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱪᱟᱹᱴᱱᱤ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱫᱟᱢ, ᱢᱚᱥᱞᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱚᱦᱚᱲ ᱢᱟᱹᱨᱤᱪ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱨᱮᱫ:Akha_cuisine_Sapi_thong-uh.JPG|''ᱥᱟᱯᱤ ᱛᱷᱚᱝᱼᱩᱭᱮ'': ᱵᱤᱞᱟᱹᱛᱤ, ᱵᱮᱨᱮᱞ ᱢᱟᱹᱨᱤᱪ, ᱨᱟᱹᱥᱩᱬ, ᱯᱮᱭᱟᱡᱽ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱤᱵᱤᱞ ᱪᱟᱹᱴᱱᱤ ᱾ ᱨᱮᱫ:Akha_cuisine_Manoh_lu-uh.JPG|''ᱢᱟᱱᱳ ᱞᱩᱭᱮᱼᱩᱭᱮ'': ᱥᱩᱠᱨᱤ ᱡᱤᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱹᱥᱩᱬ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱵᱷᱟᱹᱡᱤ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱠᱣᱟᱥ ᱾ ᱨᱮᱫ:Akha_cuisine_Hoh-pa_cha-uh.JPG|''ᱦᱳᱼᱯᱟ ᱪᱟᱼᱩᱭᱮ'': ᱠᱟᱭᱼᱞᱟᱱ ᱟᱲᱟᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱩᱠᱨᱤ ᱡᱤᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱩᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱾ ᱨᱮᱫ:Akha_cuisine_Hoh-pa_chae_lu-uh.JPG|''ᱦᱳᱼᱯᱟ ᱪᱮ ᱞᱩᱭᱮᱼᱩᱭᱮ'': ᱛᱮᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱯᱤ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱨᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱲᱟᱜ ᱾ ᱨᱮᱫ:Akha_cuisine_Guchi_chae.JPG|''ᱜᱩᱪᱤ ᱪᱮ'': ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱮᱭᱟᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱦᱮᱫ ᱵᱷᱟᱹᱡᱤ ᱾ ᱨᱮᱫ:Akha_cuisine_Mochue_cha-uh.JPG|''ᱢᱳᱪᱩᱭᱮ ᱪᱟᱼᱞᱩ'': ᱟᱹᱞᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱩᱠᱨᱤ ᱡᱤᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱴᱤᱣ᱾ </gallery> == ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ == [[ᱨᱮᱫ:Maejantai_Chiang_Rai_province_08.JPG|thumb|ᱛᱷᱟᱭᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱚᱦᱚᱲ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱯᱷᱤ ᱯᱮᱠᱤᱝ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ]] ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱥᱩᱞᱚᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱪᱟᱥ ᱵᱟᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱚᱨᱥᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ, ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱤᱡ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱟᱞᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ, ᱥᱩᱛᱟᱹᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱯᱷᱤᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱱᱠᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱲᱩᱛ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱪᱟᱥ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱮᱛᱟᱨᱟᱜ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱹᱨᱤᱪ, ᱥᱚᱭᱟᱵᱤᱱ, ᱯᱚᱴᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱵᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱞᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱟᱥ ᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱤᱪᱷᱩ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱫᱚᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱜᱽᱨᱮᱴ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱷᱟᱹᱥᱩᱧ ᱥᱩᱱᱩᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱹᱠᱷᱨᱤᱧᱟ ᱾<ref name="Kammerer" /> == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{Reflist}} o6zxuc1mvgcvaia9bj1djxurv1yoamk 0 35714 193154 191324 2026-06-26T06:06:57Z InternetArchiveBot 3665 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 193154 wikitext text/x-wiki {{short description|ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱨᱤᱠᱮᱴ ᱠᱷᱮᱞᱚᱸᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹ}} {{Infobox cricketer | name = ᱡᱟᱜᱽᱨᱤᱛ ᱟᱱᱚᱱᱫᱽ | image = Jagrit-Anand-Cricketer.jpg | caption = ᱡᱟᱜᱽᱨᱤᱛ ᱟᱱᱚᱱᱫᱽ | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1989|7|15|df=yes}} | birth_place = [[ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ]], ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ | batting = | bowling = | role = | source = http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/content/player/376245.html ESPNcricinfo | date = ᱗ ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱞ ᱒᱐᱑᱖ }} '''ᱡᱟᱜᱽᱨᱤᱛ ᱟᱱᱚᱱᱫᱽ''' (ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱑᱕ ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ ᱑᱙᱘᱙) ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱨᱤᱠᱮᱴ ᱠᱷᱮᱞᱚᱸᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱱᱩᱭ ᱫᱚ [[ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ ᱠᱨᱤᱠᱮᱴ ᱫᱚᱞ|ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ]] ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱞᱤᱥᱴ ᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱴᱣᱤᱴᱤ ᱒᱐ ᱠᱨᱤᱠᱮᱴ ᱠᱷᱮᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟᱭ ᱾<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/content/player/376245.html|title=Jagrit Anand|work=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=7 April 2016}}</ref> ᱠᱷᱮᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱐᱔-᱒᱐᱐᱕ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱰᱤᱥᱴᱨᱤᱴ ᱠᱨᱤᱠᱮᱴ ᱮᱥᱳᱥᱤᱭᱮᱥᱚᱱ (ᱰᱤᱰᱤᱥᱤᱮ) ᱭᱩ-᱑᱗ ᱴᱤᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱤ.ᱥᱤ.ᱥᱤ.ᱟᱭᱤ. ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱤᱡᱚᱭ ᱢᱟᱨᱪᱮᱸᱴ ᱴᱨᱚᱯᱷᱤ ᱠᱷᱮᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱐᱔-᱒᱐᱐᱕ ᱟᱨ ᱒᱐᱐᱕-᱒᱐᱐᱖ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱞᱟᱦᱟ ᱛᱮᱭ ᱠᱷᱮᱞ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱰᱤᱰᱤᱥᱤᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱐᱕-᱒᱐᱐᱖ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱤᱭᱟᱱᱥᱤᱯ ᱮ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ([[ᱵᱤᱨᱟᱴ ᱠᱳᱦᱞᱤ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱤᱥᱟᱱᱛ ᱥᱚᱨᱢᱟ]] ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱤᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ) ᱾ ==ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ== ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱚᱰᱚᱨᱱ ᱥᱠᱩᱞ ᱵᱟᱨᱟᱠᱷᱟᱢᱵᱟ ᱨᱳᱰ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱟᱭᱤᱯᱤᱮᱥᱥᱤ ᱥᱠᱩᱞ ᱴᱩᱨᱱᱟᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱠᱷᱮᱞ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2004/20040417/ncr3.htm|title=Modern School beat Salwan in Turf Cricket|work=Tribune India}}</ref> ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱠᱨᱤᱠᱮᱴᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱟᱱᱥᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ, [[ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱮ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱨᱤᱠᱮᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱥ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ-ᱚᱠᱴᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱐᱘ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱥᱴᱨᱮᱞᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱞᱠᱟᱛᱟ ᱱᱟᱭᱤᱴ ᱨᱟᱭᱰᱟᱨᱥ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱨᱩᱯᱨᱤᱛᱤᱭᱟ. ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱱ ᱵᱩᱠᱟᱱᱚᱱ (ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱠᱚᱪ) ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱪᱟ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.news18.com/cricketnext/news/buchanan-on-talent-hunt-campaign-550848.html|title=Buchanan on talent hunt campaign|date=30 August 2008|work=News 18}}</ref> ᱒᱐᱑᱐ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱤ.ᱥᱤ.ᱥᱤ.ᱟᱭᱤ. ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱥᱤ.ᱠᱮ. ᱱᱟᱭᱰᱩ ᱴᱨᱚᱯᱷᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱰᱤ.ᱰᱤ.ᱥᱤ.ᱮ. ᱟᱱᱰᱚᱨ-᱒᱒ ᱴᱨᱚᱯᱷᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ ᱨᱚᱬᱡᱤ ᱴᱨᱚᱯᱷᱤ ᱫᱚᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱒᱐᱑᱕ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱤᱡ ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱫᱷᱟᱯ ᱫᱚᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱨᱵᱤᱥ ᱴᱤᱢ ᱵᱤᱨᱩᱫᱷ ᱨᱮ ᱕᱘ ᱨᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱒ ᱣᱤᱠᱮᱴ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱪᱟ ᱮ ᱫᱟᱵᱚᱱ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/cricket/newcomer-anand-keeps-delhi-on-winning-track/story-i8Xs0hZKklB3OxqqTl7DeI.html|title=Newcomer Anand keeps Delhi on winning track|date=29 February 2012|work=Hindustan Times}}</ref> ᱒᱐᱑᱒-᱒᱐᱑᱓ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱰᱤ.ᱰᱤ.ᱥᱤ.ᱮ. ᱴᱤᱢ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱛ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱡᱚᱭ ᱦᱟᱡᱟᱨᱮ ᱴᱨᱚᱯᱷᱤ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.rediff.com/cricket/report/unmukt-chand-hits-century-delhi-win-vijay-hazare-trophy/20130303.htm|title=Vijay Hazare Trophy|work=Rediff Cricket News}}</ref> ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱷᱟᱭᱱᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱔᱘ ᱨᱟᱱ ᱮ ᱦᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱱᱢᱩᱠᱛ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱽ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱑᱑᱕ ᱨᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱾ ==ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ== ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱑᱒-᱑᱓<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.cricketcountry.com/series/england-in-india-practice-matches-2012-2164/live-scores/delhi-daredevils-vs-england-xi-practice-match-11709-full-scorecard.html|title=Delhi Vs England XI Live Cricket Score - Practice match - Full Scorecard|date=8 January 2013|website=Cricket Country}}</ref> ᱟᱨ ᱒᱐᱑᱓-᱑᱔<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www2.cricbuzz.com/cricket-series/2164/england-in-india-practice-matches-2012/teams/81/delhi/squads|title=England in India Practice Matches 2012|website=Cricbuzz|access-date=23 November 2017|archive-date=1 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201040540/http://www2.cricbuzz.com/cricket-series/2164/england-in-india-practice-matches-2012/teams/81/delhi/squads|url-status=dead}}</ref> ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤ.ᱠᱮ. ᱱᱟᱭᱰᱩ ᱴᱨᱚᱯᱷᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱰᱤ.ᱰᱤ.ᱥᱤ.ᱮ. ᱟᱱᱰᱚᱨ-᱒᱕ ᱴᱤᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://sports.ndtv.com/india-vs-england-2012/shikhar-dhawan-milind-kumar-power-delhi-to-fantastic-win-over-england-xi-1542854|title=Shikhar Dhawan, Milind Kumar star as Delhi hand England XI another loss|date=8 January 2013|work=NDTV Sports}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱢᱢᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱥᱢᱤᱨ ᱵᱤᱨᱩᱫᱷ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱕᱐ ᱨᱟᱱ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱠᱮᱨᱤᱭᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱨᱟᱱ ᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱑᱔ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱨᱠᱤᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱕ ᱯᱷᱟᱥᱴ ᱵᱚᱞᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱭᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.khelnama.com/130926/cricket/news/emerging-fast-bowlers-who-are-eyeing-spot-indian-team/12798|title=Emerging Fast bowler|date=26 September 2013|website=Khelnama|access-date=23 November 2017|archive-date=1 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201043654/http://www.khelnama.com/130926/cricket/news/emerging-fast-bowlers-who-are-eyeing-spot-indian-team/12798|url-status=dead}}</ref> ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱚᱭᱤᱱ ᱩᱫᱽ ᱫᱟᱣᱞᱟ<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hycricket.org/a-m_u_d_13.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131124083055/http://www.hycricket.org/a-m_u_d_13.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=24 November 2013|title=MOIN-UD-DOWLA GOLD CUP TOURNAMENT|date=2013|website=Hyderabad Cricket}}</ref> ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮ. ᱯᱤ. ᱟᱛᱨᱮ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱴᱩᱨᱱᱟᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱰᱤ.ᱰᱤ.ᱥᱤ.ᱮ. ᱯᱨᱮᱥᱤᱰᱮᱱᱴᱥ ᱤᱞᱮᱵᱷᱮᱱ<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2012/20120921/cth2.htm|title=JP ATRAY MEMORIAL CRICKET TOURNAMENT|work=Tribune India}}</ref> ᱨᱮᱭ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱑᱓ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱮᱞᱮᱱᱡᱚᱨ ᱴᱨᱳᱯᱷᱤ<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/challenger-trophy-2013-14/content/squad/673867.html|title=Challenger Trophy Squad|date=2013|work=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref> ᱨᱮ ᱠᱷᱮᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱤ.ᱥᱤ.ᱥᱤ.ᱟᱭᱤ. ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱤᱱᱟᱹᱢ ᱦᱤᱞᱚᱜᱟᱜ ᱴᱩᱨᱱᱟᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱴᱩᱨᱱᱟᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱤᱨᱟᱴ ᱠᱳᱦᱞᱤ ᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱯᱴᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱤᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱯ-ᱵᱷᱤᱡᱮᱛᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱑᱓ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ, ᱡᱟᱜᱽᱨᱤᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱞ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱪᱮᱢᱯᱤᱭᱚᱱᱥᱤᱯ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ [[File:Jagrit-Anand-In-Action.jpg|left|thumb]] ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱑᱐ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱒᱐᱑᱔ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱤᱡ ᱭᱩ.ᱮ.ᱤ. ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱰᱤᱵᱤᱡᱚᱱ ᱞᱤᱜᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱤᱢ ᱤᱱᱴᱟᱨᱯᱷᱮᱥ ᱴᱨᱟᱱᱥ ᱣᱟᱨᱞᱰ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱨᱚᱯᱷᱮᱥᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱠᱷᱮᱞᱚᱸᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮᱭ ᱠᱷᱮᱞ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.emirates247.com/sports/cricket/anand-powers-interface-transworld-to-impressive-win-2010-08-28-1.284630|title=Anand powers Interface Transworld to impressive win|date=28 August 2010|access-date=2026-04-23|archive-date=2026-04-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260424062021/https://www.emirates247.com/sports/cricket/anand-powers-interface-transworld-to-impressive-win-2010-08-28-1.284630|url-status=dead}}</ref> ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱴᱩᱨᱱᱟᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱨᱡᱟᱦ ᱠᱨᱤᱠᱮᱴ ᱠᱟᱣᱩᱱᱥᱤᱞ<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.khaleejtimes.com/sport/cricket/yogi-group-win-sharjah-ramadan-tournament|title=Sharjah Ramadan Tournament|date=13 September 2010|work=Khaleej Times}}</ref> ᱨᱮ ᱯᱞᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱫᱤ ᱴᱩᱨᱱᱟᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱒᱐᱑᱔ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱤᱡ ᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱴᱤᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱠᱨᱤᱠᱮᱴ ᱠᱞᱟᱵᱽ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ ᱢᱩᱜᱚᱞᱥ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱰᱩᱵᱟᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱩᱯᱚᱨᱥᱴᱟᱨ<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.superstarst20.com/season1/superstars-t20-team-details.php?teamid=13|title=Superstars T20|website=Superstars T20}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ᱴᱤ ᱒᱐ ᱞᱤᱜᱽ<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.khaleejtimes.com/article/20140428/ARTICLE/304289894/1050|title=SuperStars T20 Tournament|date=28 April 2014|work=Khaleej Times|access-date=23 November 2017|archive-date=1 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201032544/https://www.khaleejtimes.com/article/20140428/ARTICLE/304289894/1050|url-status=dead}}</ref> ᱨᱮ ᱠᱷᱮᱞ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱠᱨᱤᱠᱮᱴᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱴᱤᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱷᱮᱞ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱡᱟᱜᱽᱨᱤᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱡᱮᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱢᱮᱪ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱑᱓ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱝᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱰᱤ.ᱰᱤ.ᱥᱤ.ᱮ ᱴᱤᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮ ᱠᱷᱮᱞ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱡᱚᱨᱱᱤ ᱴᱩ ᱫᱟ ᱣᱟᱨᱞᱰ ᱠᱟᱯ ᱴᱩᱱᱟᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱤᱸᱥ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.cricketingnepal.com/articles/559/nepal-lose-journey-to-world-cup|title=World Cup Tournament in Nepal|date=7 December 2013|access-date=21 November 2017|archive-date=1 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201033635/http://www.cricketingnepal.com/articles/559/nepal-lose-journey-to-world-cup|url-status=dead}}</ref> ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱝᱜᱟᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱴᱤᱢ ᱥᱟᱶᱮ ᱠᱷᱮᱞ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱡᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱞᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱫᱟ ᱴᱩᱨᱱᱟᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮᱭ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱴᱤᱢ ᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱤᱭᱟᱱᱥᱤᱯ ᱮ ᱡᱤᱛᱟᱹᱣ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ==ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱨᱚᱯᱷᱮᱥᱚᱱᱟᱞ ᱠᱷᱮᱞᱚᱸᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹ== ᱒᱐᱑᱗ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.millenniumcricketleague.com/home/ShowPlayer.aspx?pid=8038|title=Millennium Cricket League|date=19 July 2017|website=Millennium Cricket League}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ᱡᱟᱜᱽᱨᱤᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱨᱤᱠᱮᱴ ᱠᱞᱟᱵᱽ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱷᱤᱞᱚᱸᱰ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤ.ᱮᱞ.ᱮᱱ.ᱡᱮ. ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱞᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱠᱨᱤᱠᱮᱴ ᱴᱩᱨᱱᱟᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱢᱚᱨᱥᱮᱴ ᱠᱮᱵᱷᱮᱞᱤᱭᱟᱨᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.millenniumcricketleague.com/home/ShowTeam.aspx?tid=7|title=Millennium Cricket League|website=Millennium Cricket League}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱣᱟᱥᱤᱝᱴᱚᱱ ᱠᱨᱤᱠᱮᱴ ᱞᱤᱜᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱟᱭᱴᱟᱱᱥ ᱥᱤᱥᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ, <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.wclinc.com/wclinc/viewPlayer.do?playerId=579570&clubId=670|title=Washington Cricket league|website=Washington Cricket league}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ᱥᱤ.ᱮᱞ.ᱮᱱ.ᱡᱮ. ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱞᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱠᱨᱤᱠᱮᱴ ᱞᱤᱜᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱤ-᱒᱐ ᱯᱷᱚᱨᱢᱮᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱳᱞᱢᱰᱮᱞ ᱠᱨᱤᱠᱮᱴ ᱠᱞᱚᱵᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱢᱤᱞᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱠᱨᱤᱠᱮᱴ ᱞᱤᱜᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱵᱮᱴᱥᱢᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱰᱟᱞᱟᱥ ᱠᱨᱤᱠᱮᱴ ᱞᱤᱜᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱨᱵᱷᱤᱝ ᱠᱨᱤᱠᱮᱴ ᱠᱞᱚᱵᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱞ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱨᱥᱮᱴ ᱠᱮᱵᱷᱮᱞᱤᱭᱟᱨᱥ, ᱦᱚᱞᱢᱰᱮᱞ ᱠᱨᱤᱠᱮᱴ ᱠᱞᱟᱵᱽ ᱟᱨ ᱤᱨᱵᱷᱤᱝ ᱠᱨᱤᱠᱮᱴ ᱠᱞᱟᱵᱽ ᱪᱮᱢᱯᱤᱭᱚᱱᱥᱤᱯ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ== {{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:ᱟᱱᱚᱱᱫᱽ, ᱡᱟᱜᱽᱨᱤᱛ}} [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:᱑᱙᱘᱙ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱡᱤᱣᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱯᱟᱧᱡᱟᱵᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱨᱤᱠᱮᱴ ᱠᱷᱮᱞᱚᱸᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ ᱠᱨᱤᱠᱮᱴ ᱠᱷᱮᱞᱚᱸᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱠᱨᱤᱠᱮᱴ ᱠᱷᱮᱞᱚᱸᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]] 5sea8wwqzq9pi35az7vvbh222h9veve 0 35751 193155 191565 2026-06-26T06:37:58Z InternetArchiveBot 3665 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 193155 wikitext text/x-wiki {{short description|ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱪᱷᱩᱴᱤ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ}} [[File:Observance of International Workers' Day RGBY.svg|alt=|thumb|upright=2|ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱮ ᱰᱮ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱮᱫ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ: {{legend|#dd3333|ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱑ ᱢᱮ ᱦᱤᱞᱚᱜ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣᱜᱼᱟ}} {{legend|#ffcc33|᱑ ᱢᱮ ᱦᱤᱞᱚᱜ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱪᱷᱩᱴᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ}} {{legend|#00af89|᱑ ᱢᱮ ᱦᱤᱞᱚᱜ ᱪᱷᱩᱴᱤ ᱵᱟᱱᱩᱜᱼᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ}} {{legend|#cccccc|᱑ ᱢᱮ ᱦᱤᱞᱚᱜ ᱪᱷᱩᱴᱤ ᱵᱟᱱᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱱᱩᱜᱼᱟ}}]] '''ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ''' ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱪᱷᱩᱴᱤ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱰᱷᱮᱨ ᱛᱮᱫ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ, ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱯᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱑ ᱢᱮ ᱦᱤᱞᱚᱜ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱘᱘᱖ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱢᱚᱜᱷᱚᱴ ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱦޭᱢᱟᱨᱠᱮᱴ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name=":2">{{Cite magazine |url=https://time.com/3836834/may-day-labor-history/ |title=The Bloody Story of How May Day Became a Holiday for Workers |last=Rothman |first=Lily |date=1 May 2017 |magazine=Time |language=en |access-date=2 April 2025 |archive-date=28 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210628180755/https://time.com/3836834/may-day-labor-history/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> ᱠᱚᱭᱮ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱥᱤᱸᱜᱮ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱦᱤᱞᱚᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ / ᱟᱹᱭᱱᱤ ᱪᱷᱩᱴᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱞᱟᱲᱟᱣᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱤᱣᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱞᱟᱲᱟᱣᱱᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱠᱟᱭᱛᱮ ᱤᱨᱟᱹᱞ ᱜᱷᱟᱱᱴᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱞᱟᱲᱟᱣᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱨᱟᱹᱞ ᱜᱷᱟᱱᱴᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ, ᱤᱨᱟᱹᱞ ᱜᱷᱟᱱᱴᱟ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱨᱟᱹᱥᱠᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱤᱨᱟᱹᱞ ᱜᱷᱟᱱᱴᱟ ᱡᱤᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱟᱹᱵᱤ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ == ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ == ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ, "ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ" ᱫᱚ ᱑ ᱢᱮ ᱦᱤᱞᱚᱜ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱤᱠᱟᱜᱳ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱑᱘᱘᱖ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦޭᱢᱟᱨᱠᱮᱴ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱦᱚᱪᱚᱭᱟ, ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱤᱨᱟᱹᱞ ᱜᱷᱟᱱᱴᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱢᱚᱜᱷᱚᱴ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name=":2" /> ᱠᱤᱪᱷᱩ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱢᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱥᱩᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱷᱩᱴᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱑ ᱢᱮ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱦᱤᱡᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱥᱤᱸᱜᱮ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱦᱤᱞᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱾ == ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱠᱚ == === ᱚᱥᱴᱨᱮᱞᱤᱭᱟ === [[File:Queensland State Archives 4773 May Day Procession May 1953.png|thumb|ᱠᱣᱤᱱᱥᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱞᱤ, ᱑᱙᱕᱓]] ᱚᱥᱴᱨᱮᱞᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱪᱷᱩᱴᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱮᱫ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱤᱪᱷᱩ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱢᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱫᱚ "ᱤᱨᱟᱹᱞ ᱜᱷᱟᱱᱴᱟ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ" ᱢᱟᱨᱪ ᱮ ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱦᱚᱪᱚᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱥᱴᱨᱮᱞᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱠᱮᱯᱤᱴᱟᱞ ᱴᱮᱨᱤᱴᱚᱨᱤ, ᱱᱤᱣ ᱥᱟᱣᱛᱷ ᱣᱮᱞᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱣᱛᱷ ᱚᱥᱴᱨᱮᱞᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱚᱠᱴᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱥᱤᱸᱜᱮ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱦᱤᱞᱚᱜ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱷᱤᱠᱴᱳᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱥᱢᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱨᱪ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱸᱜᱮ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱦᱤᱞᱚᱜ (ᱛᱟᱥᱢᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱨᱟᱹᱞ ᱜᱷᱟᱱᱴᱟ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ) ᱾<ref>{{cite web |url=https://content.legislation.vic.gov.au/sites/default/files/2020-04/93-119aa027%20authorised.pdf |title=Public Holidays Act 1993 |publisher=vic.gov.au |access-date=8 October 2024 |archive-date=19 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210919000527/https://content.legislation.vic.gov.au/sites/default/files/2020-04/93-119aa027%20authorised.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.legislation.tas.gov.au/view/html/inforce/current/act-2000-096 |title=Tasmanian Legislation Online: Statutory Holidays Act 2000 |publisher=tas.gov.au |access-date=8 October 2024 |archive-date=3 October 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241003230751/https://www.legislation.tas.gov.au/view/whole/html/inforce/current/act-2000-096 |url-status=live}}</ref> ᱣᱮᱥᱴᱚᱨᱱ ᱚᱥᱴᱨᱮᱞᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ, ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱨᱪ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱥᱤᱸᱜᱮ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱦᱤᱞᱚᱜ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.legislation.wa.gov.au/legislation/prod/filestore.nsf/FileURL/mrdoc_44571.pdf/$FILE/Public%20and%20Bank%20Holidays%20Act%201972%20-%20[02-g0-00].pdf |title=Public and Bank Holidays Act 1972 |publisher=wa.gov.au |access-date=8 October 2024 |archive-date=17 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240617020359/https://www.legislation.wa.gov.au/legislation/prod/filestore.nsf/FileURL/mrdoc_44571.pdf/$FILE/Public%20and%20Bank%20Holidays%20Act%201972%20-%20[02-g0-00].pdf |url-status=live}}</ref> ᱠᱣᱤᱱᱥᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱨᱫᱚᱱ ᱴᱮᱨᱤᱴᱚᱨᱤ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ, ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱢᱮ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱥᱤᱸᱜᱮ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱦᱤᱞᱚᱜ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ (ᱱᱚᱨᱫᱚᱱ ᱴᱮᱨᱤᱴᱚᱨᱤ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱮ ᱰᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ) ᱾<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.australia.gov.au/about-australia/special-dates-and-events/public-holidays |title=Australian Government: National Public Holidays |publisher=australia.gov.au |access-date=7 March 2016 |archive-date=14 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200414132759/https://www.australia.gov.au/about-australia/special-dates-and-events/public-holidays |url-status=live}}</ref> ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱢᱟᱥ ᱰᱷᱤᱯ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱢᱟᱨᱪ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱱ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱸᱜᱮ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱦᱤᱞᱚᱜ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ==== ᱵᱷᱤᱠᱴᱳᱨᱤᱭᱟ ==== ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱞᱟᱲᱟᱣᱱᱟ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱤᱨᱟᱹᱞ ᱜᱷᱟᱱᱴᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱨᱮᱞᱤ ᱒᱑ ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱞ ᱑᱘᱕᱖ ᱦᱤᱞᱚᱜ ᱢᱮᱞᱵᱳᱨᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite web |url=http://alldownunder.com/australian-dates/holiday-labour-day.htm |title=Australian Public Holidays: Labour Day |work=alldownunder.com |date=1998 |access-date=7 March 2016 |archive-date=19 June 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150619093412/http://alldownunder.com/australian-dates/holiday-labour-day.htm |url-status=live}}</ref> ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ, ᱢᱮᱞᱵᱳᱨᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱢᱤᱥᱛᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱵᱟᱹᱜᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱮᱞᱵᱳᱨᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱟᱨᱞᱭᱟᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱦᱟᱣᱩᱥ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱤᱨᱟᱹᱞ ᱜᱷᱟᱱᱴᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱞᱤ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱠᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱥᱚᱡᱷᱮ ᱵᱤᱨᱩᱫᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱜᱚᱲᱦᱚᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱚᱞᱚᱯ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱴᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱤᱨᱟᱹᱞ ᱜᱷᱟᱱᱴᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name="LewisBalderstone2006">{{cite book |first1=Wendy |last1=Lewis |first2=Simon |last2=Balderstone |first3=John |last3=Bowman |title=Events that Shaped Australia |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_6TVAAAACAAJ |access-date=7 March 2016 |year=2006 |publisher=[[New Holland Publishers]] |isbn=978-1-74110-492-9 |page=57}}</ref> ==== ᱠᱣᱤᱱᱥᱞᱮᱱᱰ ==== ᱠᱣᱤᱱᱥᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱘᱖᱕ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ "ᱤᱨᱟᱹᱞ ᱜᱷᱟᱱᱴᱟ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ" ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱪᱷᱩᱴᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱑ ᱢᱟᱨᱪ (ᱥᱮᱱᱴ ᱰᱮᱵᱷᱤᱰ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ) ᱦᱤᱞᱚᱜ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱑᱘᱕᱘ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱽᱨᱤᱥᱵᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱤᱨᱟᱹᱞ ᱜᱷᱟᱱᱴᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱩᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱘᱙᱖ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱥᱩᱯᱩᱨ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱢᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱮ ᱰᱮ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟ, ᱦᱮᱢᱟᱨᱠᱮᱴ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱪᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱨᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱩᱢᱤᱫᱽ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱐᱑ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ, ᱪᱷᱩᱴᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱮ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱥᱤᱸᱜᱮ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟ, ᱡᱮᱢᱚᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱡᱤᱞᱤᱧ ᱦᱟᱯᱛᱟ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱪᱷᱩᱴᱤ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱢᱟ ᱾<ref>Radical Brisbane (2004), ISBN 0958079455, pp 231–4.</ref> === ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ === ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱜᱟᱨᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱥᱨᱟᱢᱤᱠ ᱥᱚᱝᱜᱷᱚᱛᱤ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱟᱨᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱟᱹᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱑᱓ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱱᱟ ᱯᱞᱟᱡᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱥᱟᱣ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱒᱔ ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ "ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱩᱨᱚᱠᱷᱤᱛ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ" ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱮᱦᱚᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name = "dwelle2404">{{Cite web |title=Thousands mourn collapse victims of Rana Plaza garment factory one year on |publisher=[[Deutsche Welle]] |access-date=20 July 2014 |date=24 April 2014 |url=http://www.dw.de/thousands-mourn-collapse-victims-of-rana-plaza-garment-factory-one-year-on/a-17589288 |archive-date=20 July 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140720044730/http://www.dw.de/thousands-mourn-collapse-victims-of-rana-plaza-garment-factory-one-year-on/a-17589288 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://bangladesh.officialpublicholidays.com/national-holiday |publisher=Official Public Holidays |title=Bangladesh Official Public Holidays |access-date=27 December 2015 |archive-date=30 March 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140330010026/http://bangladesh.officialpublicholidays.com/national-holiday |url-status=live}}</ref> ᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ, ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱑ ᱢᱮ ᱦᱤᱞᱚᱜ ᱜᱮ ᱢᱮ ᱰᱮ (May Day) ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱾ === ᱵᱟᱦᱟᱢᱟᱥ === ᱵᱟᱦᱟᱢᱟᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱪᱷᱩᱴᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱩᱱ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱡᱟᱹᱨᱩᱢ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱦᱤᱞᱚᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱟ, ᱡᱮᱢᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱡᱤᱞᱤᱧ ᱦᱟᱯᱛᱟ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱪᱷᱩᱴᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱢᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.timeanddate.com/holidays/bahamas |publisher=timeanddate.com |title=Holidays in The Bahamas in 2015 |access-date=27 December 2015 |archive-date=21 January 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160121015052/http://www.timeanddate.com/holidays/bahamas/ |url-status=live}}</ref> ᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ, ᱵᱟᱦᱟᱢᱟᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱨᱤᱪᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱢᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱗ ᱡᱩᱱ, ᱑᱙᱔᱒ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱢᱚᱜᱷᱚᱴ ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱾ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱮᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱠᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱾ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ ᱱᱟᱥᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ, ᱜᱮᱥᱟᱭ ᱜᱮᱥᱟᱭ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱞᱤ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱤᱡᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱨᱚᱝᱼᱵᱤᱨᱚᱝ ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱯᱷᱚᱨᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱮᱱᱰ ᱫᱚᱞ, ᱟᱹᱨᱤᱪᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱩᱱᱠᱟᱱᱩ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤᱜᱚᱞ ᱠᱚ, ᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱤᱣᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱛᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱼᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱫᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱞᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱞᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱣᱛᱷᱚᱨᱱ ᱨᱤᱠᱨᱤᱭᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱜᱽᱨᱟᱣᱩᱱᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱟᱞᱚᱪ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱢᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite web |last1=Brown |first1=Oswald |title=History of Randol Fawkes Labour Day |url=https://bahamaschronicle.com/history-of-randol-fawkes-labour-day/ |website=Bahamas Chronicle |access-date=18 January 2025 |date=2 June 2023}}</ref> === ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱰᱟ === [[File:1900s Toronto LabourDay Parade.jpg|thumb|᱑᱙᱐᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱴᱚᱨᱚᱱᱴᱳ, ᱚᱱᱴᱟᱨᱤᱭᱳ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱞᱤ]] ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ({{langx|fr|Fête du Travail}}) ᱫᱚ ᱑᱘᱙᱔ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱰᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱭᱱᱤ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱪᱷᱩᱴᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱥᱤᱸᱜᱮ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱦᱤᱞᱚᱜ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱟᱦᱟ ᱫᱚᱥᱚᱠ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name="CanPedia">{{Cite web |last=Gagnon |first=Marc-André |title=Labour Day in Canada |url=https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/labour-day/ |access-date=7 September 2020 |website=[[The Canadian Encyclopedia]] |archive-date=10 September 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200910101347/https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/labour-day |url-status=live }}</ref> ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟᱱ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱼᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱱ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱡ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱞ ᱑᱘᱗᱒ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱚᱨᱚᱱᱴᱳ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱞᱟᱲᱟᱣᱱᱟ (ᱪᱷᱟᱯᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱢᱚᱜᱷᱚᱴ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱨᱮ) ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱥᱚᱡᱷᱮ ᱴᱨᱮᱰ ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱮᱠᱴ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱭᱱᱤ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱮ ᱮᱢᱟᱫ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite web |title=1872: The fight for a shorter work-week |url=https://canadianlabour.ca/who-we-are/history/1872-the-fight-for-a-shorter-work-week/ |website=Canadian Labour Congress |access-date=18 January 2025}}</ref> ᱒᱒ ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ ᱑᱘᱘᱒ ᱨᱮ, ᱴᱚᱨᱚᱱᱴᱳ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱹᱭᱩᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ [[Peter J. McGuire]] ᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱕ ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱦᱤᱞᱚᱜ ᱱᱤᱣ ᱭᱚᱨᱠ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱨᱮᱞᱤ ᱮ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱰᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱨᱮᱞᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱰᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ [[Knights of Labor]] ᱟᱨ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱮᱨᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱚᱯ ᱞᱮᱵᱚᱨ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱯᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱥᱤᱸᱜᱮ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱦᱤᱞᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱞᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱨᱟᱵᱽ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱦᱟ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱰᱟ ᱨᱮ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱦᱮᱢᱤᱞᱴᱚᱱ, ᱳᱥᱟᱣᱟ, ᱢᱚᱱᱴᱨᱤᱭᱮᱞ, ᱥᱮᱱᱴ ᱠᱮᱛᱷᱟᱨᱤᱱᱥ, ᱦᱮᱞᱤᱯᱷᱮᱠᱥ, ᱳᱴᱟᱣᱟ, ᱵᱷᱮᱱᱠᱩᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱚᱱᱰᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱚᱱᱴᱨᱤᱭᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱘᱘᱙ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱜᱽᱨᱤᱠ ᱪᱷᱩᱴᱤ ᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱳᱵᱷᱟ ᱥᱠᱳᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮ, ᱠᱚᱭᱞᱟ ᱠᱷᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱑᱘᱘᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱩᱱᱠᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ (Provincial Workmen's Association, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱘᱗᱙ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ) ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱯᱤᱠᱱᱤᱠ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱞᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱣ ᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ, ᱑᱘᱘᱙ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ, ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱰᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱩᱸᱡᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱨᱚᱭᱮᱞ ᱠᱚᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱫᱚ [[James Sherrard Armstrong]] (᱑᱘᱘᱖–᱘᱘) ᱟᱨ Augustus Toplady Freed (᱑᱘᱘᱘–᱘᱙) ᱠᱤᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱮᱨᱟᱞ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ "ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ" ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite book |title=Report of the Royal Commission on the Relations of Labor and Capital in Canada |date=1889 |publisher=Privy Council Office |location=Ottawa |page=12 |url=https://publications.gc.ca/site/eng/472984/publication.html |access-date=18 January 2025}}</ref> ᱢᱟᱨᱪ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱞ ᱑᱘᱙᱔ ᱨᱮ, ᱤᱣᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱯᱟᱨᱞᱭᱟᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱪᱷᱩᱴᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱟᱹᱵᱤ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name="CanPedia"/> ᱢᱮ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱨ ᱡᱚᱱ ᱛᱷᱚᱢᱯᱥᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱭᱱᱤ ᱟᱹᱜᱩ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ ᱑᱘᱙᱔ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱥᱤᱠᱤᱨᱤᱛ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Heron |first1=Craig |title=The Workers' Festival: A History of Labour Day in Canada |last2=Penfold |first2=Steve |publisher=University of Toronto Press |year=2005 |isbn=0-8020-4886-2 |location=Toronto |pages=31–38}}</ref> === ᱪᱤᱱ === ᱜᱚᱱᱚ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱟᱛᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ ᱪᱤᱱ ᱨᱮ, ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱪᱷᱩᱴᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱙᱙ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱒᱐᱐᱗ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱮ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱭᱱᱤ ᱪᱷᱩᱴᱤ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱒᱐᱐᱘ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱒᱐᱒᱔ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱷᱟᱴᱚ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite news |title=China scraps one of three Golden Week holidays |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/life-china-holidays-dc-idUKPEK14649920071216 |access-date=13 April 2022 |work=[[Reuters]] |date=16 December 2007 |archive-date=13 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220413053106/https://www.reuters.com/article/life-china-holidays-dc-idUKPEK14649920071216 |url-status=live }}</ref> ᱒᱐᱒᱕ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱩ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱪᱷᱩᱴᱤ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱩᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱟᱹᱭᱱᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱪᱷᱩᱴᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱑ ᱟᱨ ᱒ ᱢᱮ ᱦᱤᱞᱚᱜ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite news |title=国务院关于修改《全国年节及纪念日放假办法》の决定 |url=https://www.gov.cn/zhengce/zhengceku/202411/content_6986381.htm |date=10 November 2024 |access-date=1 May 2026 |language=Chinese |publisher=State Council of the People's Republic of China}}</ref> ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱭᱱᱤ ᱪᱷᱩᱴᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱤᱞᱤᱧ ᱜᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱴᱮᱴ ᱠᱟᱣᱩᱱᱥᱤᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱥᱩᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱯᱛᱟ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱡᱤᱞᱤᱧ ᱪᱷᱩᱴᱤ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱣ ᱜᱮ ᱯᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱚᱬᱮ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ "ᱠᱷᱟᱴᱳ ᱪᱷᱩᱴᱤ" ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱪᱷᱩᱴᱤ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱷᱚᱨᱯᱟᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱸᱜᱮ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹᱭᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite news |title=调与休：黄金周长假的变迁 |trans-title=Reconcile and rest: the change of Golden Week vacation |url=http://politics.people.com.cn/n/2013/1127/c70731-23676181.html |date=27 November 2013 |access-date=13 April 2022 |language=Chinese |work=[[People's Daily]] |agency=[[Xinhua News Agency]] |archive-date=13 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220413052529/http://politics.people.com.cn/n/2013/1127/c70731-23676181.html |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=国务院办公厅关于2025年部分节假日安排の通知 |url=https://www.news.cn/politics/20241112/46dcf0de740844dd824ff54b5be5af2e/c.html |date=12 November 2024 |access-date=1 May 2026 |language=Chinese |work=[[Xinhua News Agency]]}}</ref> ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ, ᱒᱐᱒᱕ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱪᱷᱩᱴᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱑ ᱢᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱕ ᱢᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱒᱗ ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite news |title=国务院办公厅关于2025年部分节假日安排の通知 |url=https://www.news.cn/politics/20241112/46dcf0de740844dd824ff54b5be5af2e/c.html |date=12 November 2024 |access-date=1 May 2026 |language=Chinese |work=[[Xinhua News Agency]]}}</ref> === ᱦᱚᱝᱠᱚᱝ S.A.R. === ᱑ ᱢᱮ ᱦᱤᱞᱚᱜ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱙᱙ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱝᱠᱚᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱪᱷᱩᱴᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite news |date=1 July 2012 |title=新闻背景：香港回归15年大事记 |trans-title=News Background: Events in the 15 years since Hong Kong's return to China |url=https://www.chinanews.com/ga/2012/07-01/3998742.shtml |language=Chinese |publisher=[[China News Service]] |access-date=1 May 2024 |archive-date=2 July 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120702000613/http://www.chinanews.com/ga/2012/07-01/3998742.shtml |url-status=live}}</ref> === ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ === [[File:Chennai LabourStatue Closeup.jpg|thumb|ᱛᱟᱢᱤᱞᱱᱟᱰᱩ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱪᱮᱱᱱᱟᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱨᱤᱱᱟ ᱵᱤᱪ ᱨᱮ "ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ" ᱢᱩᱨᱛᱤ]] ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱑ ᱢᱮ ᱑᱙᱒᱓ ᱦᱤᱞᱚᱜ ᱪᱮᱱᱱᱟᱭ (ᱩᱱ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱡ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱫᱽᱨᱟᱥ) ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱮᱵᱟᱨ ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱨᱴᱤ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩᱥᱛᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite web |date=2 May 2024 |title=What is the significance of Labour Day or May Day? {{!}} Explained |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/labour-day-may-day-explainer-significance-history-celebration/article68127947.ece/ |access-date=16 October 2024 |website=thehindu.com |publisher=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref> === ᱡᱟᱹᱢᱟᱭᱠᱟ === ᱡᱟᱹᱢᱟᱭᱠᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱹᱬ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱲᱟᱣᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱯᱱᱤᱵᱮᱥᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱟᱹᱨᱤᱪᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱦᱟ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱯᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱫᱚ, ᱒᱔ ᱢᱮ ᱦᱤᱞᱚᱜ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱨᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱵᱷᱤᱠᱴᱳᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ "ᱮᱢᱯᱟᱭᱟᱨ ᱰᱮ" ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱯᱱᱤᱵᱮᱥ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱜᱩᱛᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱮᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱢᱟᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱠᱚᱢᱚᱱᱣᱮᱞᱛᱷ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱟᱹᱢᱟᱭᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱮᱢᱯᱟᱭᱟᱨ ᱰᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱞᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱢᱟᱭᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱞᱟᱲᱟᱣᱱᱟ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name=":3">{{cite web | url=http://www.jis.gov.jm/special_sections/labourDay2008/history.htm | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090910163817/http://www.jis.gov.jm/special_sections/labourDay2008/history.htm | archive-date=10 September 2009 | title=Labour Day 2008 }}</ref> ᱯᱨᱤᱢᱤᱭᱟᱨ ᱱᱳᱨᱢᱟᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱞᱤ ᱑᱙᱖᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱢᱯᱟᱭᱟᱨ ᱰᱮ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱛᱮ ᱑᱙᱓᱘ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱢᱚᱜᱷᱚᱴ ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱟᱹᱜᱩ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱤᱞ ᱮ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱢᱚᱜᱷᱚᱴ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱢᱟᱭᱠᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱛᱚᱞᱚᱯ ᱧᱟᱢᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹ ᱰᱷᱤᱯ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱤᱨᱩᱫᱽ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱒᱓ ᱢᱮ ᱑᱙᱓᱘ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱛᱮ, ᱠᱤᱝᱥᱴᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱜᱟᱲᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱞᱟᱲᱟᱣᱱᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱛᱮ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱷᱩᱠᱟᱹᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱔᱖ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱔᱒᱙ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱜᱷᱟᱹᱞ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱮᱦᱮᱞ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱹᱭᱫᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱞᱟᱲᱟᱣᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱞᱤ ᱟᱜ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱛᱟᱵᱽ ᱯᱟᱨᱞᱭᱟᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱤᱠᱤᱨᱤᱛ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱒᱓ ᱢᱮ ᱦᱤᱞᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name=":3" /> ᱑᱙᱖᱐ ᱫᱚᱥᱚᱠ ᱨᱮ, ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱼᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱡᱩᱨ ᱡᱚᱯᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱴᱨᱮᱰ ᱤᱣᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ — ᱵᱟᱥᱴᱟᱢᱟᱱᱴᱮ ᱤᱱᱰᱟᱥᱴᱨᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱴᱨᱮᱰ ᱤᱣᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ (JLP) ᱟᱨ ᱱᱮᱥᱱᱟᱞ ᱣᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱥ ᱤᱣᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ (PNP) — ᱠᱤᱝᱥᱴᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱮᱞᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱚᱢᱮᱞᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱹᱭᱩᱨ ᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱣ ᱜᱮ ᱦᱤᱝᱥᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱮᱨᱮᱡ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱖᱒ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ, ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱞᱤ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱼᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱯᱩᱞᱤᱥ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱜᱷᱟᱹᱞ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱵᱷᱤᱲ ᱥᱟᱢᱵᱽᱲᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱯᱩᱞᱤᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱮᱫ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱜᱮᱥ (tear gas) ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱖᱖ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱱᱮᱭᱟᱣᱼᱪᱟᱯᱟᱫ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱠᱤᱝᱥᱴᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱞᱤ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱵᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱪᱷᱩᱴᱤ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱰᱷᱚᱝ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name=":3" /> ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ ᱢᱟᱭᱠᱮᱞ ᱢᱮᱱᱞᱤ ᱑᱙᱗᱒ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ "ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱞᱟᱜᱟᱣ ᱢᱮ" ᱛᱷᱤᱢ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱨᱩᱯ ᱮ ᱮᱢᱟᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱨᱮᱞᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱚᱢᱮᱞᱟ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱮᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱢᱮᱱᱞᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱢᱟᱭᱠᱟ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮ ᱩᱫᱽᱜᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹ ᱰᱷᱤᱯ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱯᱱᱟᱨ ᱤᱪᱷᱟᱹ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱩᱫᱽᱜᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱞᱤᱥᱟᱰᱳᱥ ᱨᱳᱰ ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱞᱤ ᱟᱡ ᱛᱮ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱨᱚᱦᱚᱭ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱖᱐᱐ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱜᱚᱨᱚᱵᱽ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name=":3" /> ᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ, ᱑᱙᱘᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ ᱮᱰᱣᱟᱨᱰ ᱥᱤᱭᱟᱜᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱟᱹᱥᱠᱟᱹ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱷᱩᱠᱟᱹᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱛᱮ ᱤᱨᱟᱹᱞ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱲᱦᱚᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱘᱙ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱭᱠᱮᱞ ᱢᱮᱱᱞᱤ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱫᱚᱲᱦᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱮᱱᱟ, ᱩᱱ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱡ ᱜᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱤᱣᱤᱫ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹᱲ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱟᱹᱢᱟᱭᱠᱟ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱛᱷᱤᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱹᱜᱩ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟ, ᱡᱮᱢᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱦᱤᱥ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱢᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ, ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱱᱟᱜᱽᱨᱤᱠ ᱡᱤᱢᱮᱵᱟᱨᱤ ᱢᱮᱥᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱨᱤᱪᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name=":3" /> === ᱡᱟᱯᱟᱱ === ᱡᱟᱯᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱪᱷᱩᱴᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱒᱓ ᱱᱚᱵᱷᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱦᱤᱞᱚᱜ ᱛᱷᱮᱝᱠᱥᱜᱤᱵᱷᱤᱝ (ᱜᱩᱱ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ) ᱥᱟᱶ ᱢᱮᱥᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ "ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ" ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.axiommagazine.jp/2011/11/22/labor-thanksgiving-day-%E5%8B%A4%E5%8A%B4%E6%84%9F%E8%AC%9D%E3%81%AE%E6%97%A5/ |title=Labor Thanksgiving Day – 勤労感謝の日 |last=Miller |first=Adam |date=22 November 2011 |work=Axiom Magazine |access-date=22 November 2011 |archive-date=29 May 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160529122025/http://www.axiommagazine.jp/2011/11/22/labor-thanksgiving-day-%E5%8B%A4%E5%8A%B4%E6%84%9F%E8%AC%9D%E3%81%AE%E6%97%A5/ |url-status=live}}</ref> === ᱠᱟᱡᱟᱠᱥᱛᱟᱱ === ᱠᱟᱡᱟᱠᱥᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱪᱷᱩᱴᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱥᱤᱸᱜᱮ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱦᱤᱞᱚᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱪᱷᱩᱴᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱒᱐᱑᱓ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱙᱕ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ, [[ᱠᱟᱡᱟᱠᱥᱛᱟᱱ]] ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱡᱟᱠᱥᱛᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫᱩᱱ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱹᱜᱩ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱟᱡᱟᱠ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱜᱚᱢᱠᱮ [[Nursultan Nazarbayev]] ᱦᱚᱸ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱢᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱤᱥᱮᱥ ᱢᱮᱰᱟᱞ ᱮ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱜᱟᱞᱚᱪ, ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ ᱪᱟᱞ ᱟᱠᱷᱲᱟ, ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱟᱡᱟᱠᱥᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱡᱮᱥᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱱᱟᱜᱽᱨᱤᱠ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱪᱷᱩᱴᱤ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱣ ᱜᱮ ᱦᱟᱯᱛᱟ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://anydayguide.com/calendar/218 |title=Labor Day in Kazakhstan / September 24, 2017 |work=AnydayGuide |access-date=24 September 2017 |archive-date=25 September 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170925083259/https://anydayguide.com/calendar/218 |url-status=live}}</ref> === ᱠᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟ === ᱠᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱪᱷᱩᱴᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱣ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ [[ᱠᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟ]] ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱟᱣᱨᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱟᱹᱭᱩᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱜᱟᱞᱚᱪ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱸᱡᱚᱢᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱮᱱᱴᱨᱟᱞ ᱚᱨᱜᱟᱱᱟᱭᱡᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱴᱨᱮᱰ ᱤᱣᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱᱥ (COTU) ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱡᱮᱱᱮᱨᱟᱞ ᱥᱮᱠᱨᱮᱴᱟᱨᱤ [[Francis Atwoli]] ᱫᱚ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱦᱟ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱮ ᱠᱩᱨᱩᱢᱩᱴᱩ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ === ᱢᱟᱠᱟᱣ S.A.R. === [[ᱢᱟᱠᱟᱣ]] ᱨᱮ, ᱑ ᱢᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱪᱷᱩᱴᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ {{lang|pt|Dia do Trabalhador}} (ᱯᱩᱨᱛᱩᱜᱟᱞ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱛᱮ 'ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ') ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite web |title=2023 |url=https://www.gov.mo/pt/public-holidays/year-2023/ |access-date=1 May 2023 |website=Portal do Governo da RAE de Macau |language=pt-PT |archive-date=1 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230501123231/https://www.gov.mo/pt/public-holidays/year-2023/ |url-status=live }}</ref> === ᱢᱟᱞᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ === ᱑ ᱢᱮ ᱦᱤᱞᱚᱜ, [[ᱢᱟᱞᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ]] ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱞᱟᱲᱟᱣᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱼᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱮ ᱰᱮ (May Day) ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱪᱷᱩᱴᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱣ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱨᱮᱞᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱚᱢᱮᱞᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱟ, ᱡᱮᱢᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱭᱫᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱞᱟᱦᱟᱱᱛᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱢᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hector |first=Charles |date=December 2017 |title=The Labor Movement in Malaysia |url=https://www.hurights.or.jp/archives/focus/section3/2017/12/the-labor-movement-in-malaysia.html |access-date=16 October 2024 |website=hurights.or.jp |publisher=Asia-Pacific Human Rights Information Center}}</ref> === ᱱᱤᱣᱡᱤᱞᱮᱱᱰ === ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱤᱣᱡᱤᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱪᱷᱩᱴᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱠᱴᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱱ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱸᱜᱮ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱦᱤᱞᱚᱜ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name=":1">{{cite web |title=First Labour Day celebrations |url=https://nzhistory.govt.nz/first-labour-day-celebrations |website=NZHistory |access-date=6 September 2021 |archive-date=6 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210906154732/https://nzhistory.govt.nz/first-labour-day-celebrations |url-status=live }}</ref> ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱘᱔᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱨᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱱ [[ᱣᱮᱞᱤᱝᱴᱚᱱ]] ᱩᱯᱱᱤᱵᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱨᱟᱹᱞ ᱴᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱞᱟᱲᱟᱣᱱᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱦᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ [[Samuel Duncan Parnell]] ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱫᱤᱱᱟᱹᱢ ᱤᱨᱟᱹᱞ ᱴᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱨᱮᱵᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ, ᱯᱟᱨᱱᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱤᱡ ᱮ ᱢᱮᱛᱟ ᱫᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ: "ᱟᱵᱚ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱫᱤᱱᱟᱹᱢ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱜᱮᱞ ᱯᱩᱱ (᱒᱔) ᱴᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ; ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱨᱟᱹᱞ ᱴᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ, ᱤᱨᱟᱹᱞ ᱴᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱯᱤᱫ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ, ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱨᱮᱡ ᱤᱨᱟᱹᱞ ᱴᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱤᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱹᱥᱠᱟᱹ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ" ᱾<ref name=":0" /> ᱱᱤᱣᱡᱤᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱒᱘ ᱚᱠᱴᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱑᱘᱙᱐ ᱦᱤᱞᱚᱜ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱜᱟᱲᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱤᱣᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ 'ᱢᱮᱨᱤᱴᱟᱭᱤᱢ ᱠᱟᱣᱩᱱᱥᱤᱞ' ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱮ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾<ref name="Labour Day NZ">{{cite web |title=Labour Day |url=https://nzhistory.govt.nz/politics/labour-day |website=[[Ministry for Culture and Heritage#History and heritage|NZ History online]] |access-date=6 September 2021 |archive-date=17 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210917002822/https://www.nzhistory.govt.nz/politics/labour-day |url-status=live }}</ref> ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱦᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱴᱨᱮᱰ ᱤᱣᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱚᱲᱚᱣᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱡᱚᱢᱮᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱪᱷᱩᱴᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱚᱸᱫᱚ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name=":1" /> ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱫᱚ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ, ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱥᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱾<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Labour Day celebrates 8-hour working day – New Zealand Parliament |url=https://www.parliament.nz/en/get-involved/features/labour-day-celebrates-8-hour-working-day/ |access-date=21 October 2021 |website=www.parliament.nz |archive-date=21 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021115840/https://www.parliament.nz/en/get-involved/features/labour-day-celebrates-8-hour-working-day/ |url-status=live}}</ref> ᱑᱘᱙᱙ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ, ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ 'ᱞᱮᱵᱟᱨ ᱰᱮ ᱮᱠᱴ ᱑᱘᱙᱙' ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱪᱷᱩᱴᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮᱭ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱠᱴᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱦᱤᱞᱚᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱑᱙᱐᱐ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱑᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱪᱷᱩᱴᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱠᱴᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱱ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱸᱜᱮ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name="Labour Day NZ" /> === ᱯᱟᱠᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ === ᱯᱟᱠᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ, ᱥᱮ ''ᱭᱚᱢ-ᱮ-ᱢᱟᱡᱽᱫᱩᱨ,'' ᱫᱚ ᱑ ᱢᱮ ᱦᱤᱞᱚᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱪᱷᱩᱴᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱮᱢᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱭᱫᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱮᱢ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱗᱒ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ ᱡᱩᱞᱯᱷᱤᱠᱟᱨ ᱟᱞᱤ ᱵᱷᱩᱴᱴᱳ ᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱪᱷᱩᱴᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱤᱥ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱟᱹᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱨᱮᱰ ᱤᱣᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱨᱮᱞᱤ, ᱥᱮᱢᱤᱱᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱚᱢᱮᱞᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱥᱚᱴᱷᱤᱠ ᱛᱚᱞᱚᱯ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱚᱯᱷᱤᱥ, ᱵᱮᱸᱠ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱚᱸᱫᱚ ᱜᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ === ᱯᱳᱞᱮᱱᱰ === ᱯᱳᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱪᱷᱩᱴᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱑ ᱢᱮ ᱦᱤᱞᱚᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱒ ᱢᱮ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱳᱞᱤᱥ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱪᱤᱨ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱟᱨ ᱓ ᱢᱮ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱢᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ (ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱪᱷᱩᱴᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱮᱛᱷᱚᱞᱤᱠ ᱯᱚᱨᱚᱵᱽ [[The Most Holy Virgin Mary, Queen of Poland|Queen of Poland]] ᱥᱟᱶ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣᱜᱼᱟ) ᱥᱟᱶ ᱢᱮᱥᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱮ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱡᱤᱞᱤᱧ ᱦᱟᱯᱛᱟ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ''ᱢᱟᱡᱳᱣᱠᱟ'' ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱤᱨᱚᱱ ᱨᱤᱛᱩ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱨᱟᱹᱥᱠᱟᱹ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱤᱨᱼᱵᱟᱹᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱤᱨᱥᱚᱲᱮ, ᱵᱟᱨᱵᱤᱠᱭᱩ, ᱞᱚᱠᱟᱞ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱟᱬᱟ ᱵᱟᱲᱟᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite web |title=Labour Day |url=https://its-poland.com/travel-tips/polish-bank-holidays |access-date=25 November 2024 |website=its-poland}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=Poland's day of the flag |url=https://poland.pl/experience-poland/traditions-and-holidays/day-flag-republic-poland/ |url-status= |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date= |website=poland.pl}}</ref> === ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱤᱯᱤᱱᱥ === [[File:Labor Day May 1 2019 Protest Manila 3.jpg|thumb|᱒᱐᱑᱙ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ [[ᱢᱟᱱᱤᱞᱟ]] ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱵᱤᱨᱩᱫᱽ ᱡᱚᱢᱮᱞᱟ]] [[ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱤᱯᱟᱭᱤᱱ|ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱤᱯᱤᱱᱥ]] ᱨᱮ, ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱪᱷᱩᱴᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱑ ᱢᱮ ᱦᱤᱞᱚᱜ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱐᱓ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱ ᱩᱯᱱᱤᱵᱮᱥ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ [[ᱢᱟᱱᱤᱞᱟ]] ᱨᱮ [[Unión Obrera Democrática Filipina]] ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱤᱨᱩᱫᱽ ᱞᱟᱲᱟᱣᱱᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/edsa/the-ph-protest-appendix/ |title=APPENDIX: A History of the Philippine Political Protest |publisher=[[Official Gazette (Philippines)|Official Gazette]] |access-date=1 May 2024}}</ref> ᱑᱙᱐᱘ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱪᱷᱩᱴᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱑᱓ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite news |url=https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1112299/did-you-know-ph-first-observed-labor-day-in-1903 |title=DID YOU KNOW: PH first observed Labor Day in 1903 |publisher=[[Philippine Daily Inquirer]] |date=1 May 2019 |access-date=1 May 2024 |first=Marielle |last=Medina}}</ref> === ᱥᱩᱭᱡᱟᱨᱞᱮᱱᱰ === ᱥᱩᱭᱡᱟᱨᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱨᱮ, ᱑ ᱢᱮ ᱦᱤᱞᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱮᱨᱟᱞ ᱪᱷᱩᱴᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱥᱩᱭᱤᱥ ᱠᱮᱱᱴᱚᱱ (Swiss cantons) ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱪᱷᱩᱴᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite web |title=Kantonalrechtliche Feiertage |language=de,fr,it |url=https://www.bj.admin.ch/dam/bj/de/data/publiservice/service/zivilprozessrecht/kant-feiertage.pdf |access-date=2026-05-01 |archive-date=2026-01-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260110202636/https://www.bj.admin.ch/dam/bj/de/data/publiservice/service/zivilprozessrecht/kant-feiertage.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> ᱯᱷᱨᱤᱵᱟᱨᱜᱽ ᱠᱮᱱᱴᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ, ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱰᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱫᱩᱣᱟᱹᱨ ᱫᱩᱣᱟᱹᱨ ᱥᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱨᱤᱪᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite web |title=Historique du 1er mai |language=fr |url=https://res.friportail.ch/chantonsmai/fr/historique-du-1er-mai}}</ref> === ᱛᱟᱭᱣᱟᱱ === [[ᱛᱟᱭᱣᱟᱱ]] ᱨᱮ ᱑ ᱢᱮ ᱦᱤᱞᱚᱜ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱪᱷᱩᱴᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱷᱩᱴᱤ ᱵᱟᱠᱚ ᱧᱟᱢᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱪᱟᱹᱠᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ, ᱢᱟᱪᱮᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱹᱴᱷᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱦᱤᱞᱚᱜ ᱪᱷᱩᱴᱤ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite web |title=台灣國定假日與節日 – 2019年年曆 |url=https://holidays-calendar.net/calendar_zh_tw/taiwan_zh_tw.html |website=holidays-calendar.net |language=zh |access-date=6 September 2022 |archive-date=1 May 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200501163806/https://holidays-calendar.net/calendar_zh_tw/taiwan_zh_tw.html |url-status=live }}</ref> === ᱛᱟᱡᱤᱠᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ === [[ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱤᱭᱮᱴ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ|ᱥᱳᱵᱷᱤᱭᱮᱛ ᱤᱣᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ]] ᱨᱮ ᱑ ᱢᱮ ᱦᱤᱞᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ, ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱟᱹᱨᱤᱪᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱫᱚ [[ᱛᱟᱡᱤᱠᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ]] ᱨᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱤᱛ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱛᱟᱡᱤᱠᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱨᱚᱵᱽ, ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱴᱼᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱚᱨᱚᱵᱽ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱭᱼᱦᱤᱥᱤᱫ ᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.advantour.com/tajikistan/holidays.htm#:~:text=Festive%20performances%20and%20concerts%20are,9%20is%20a%20sacred%20date |title=Public Holidays in Tajikistan in 2024–2025 |date=31 December 2020 }}</ref> === ᱛᱨᱤᱱᱤᱫᱟᱫᱽ ᱟᱨ ᱴᱳᱵᱮᱜᱳ === ᱛᱨᱤᱱᱤᱫᱟᱫᱽ ᱟᱨ ᱴᱳᱵᱮᱜᱳ ᱨᱮ, ᱡᱟᱣ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱑᱙ ᱡᱩᱱ ᱦᱤᱞᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱪᱷᱩᱴᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱗᱓ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱛᱟᱵᱽ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱡᱮᱢᱚᱱ ᱑᱙᱓᱗ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ [[Tubal Uriah Butler]] ᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱭᱩᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱦᱩᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱦᱩᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱓᱔ᱼ᱑᱙᱓᱙ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱣᱮᱥᱴ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱞᱟᱲᱟᱣᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱤᱥ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://library2.nalis.gov.tt/Default.aspx?tabid=268 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080807210105/http://library2.nalis.gov.tt/Default.aspx?tabid=268 |title=Trinidad and Tobago Labour Day |archive-date=7 August 2008}}</ref> === ᱛᱩᱨᱠᱤ === [[ᱛᱩᱨᱠᱤ]] ᱨᱮ, "ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫᱡᱩᱢ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ" ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱐᱙ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱪᱷᱩᱴᱤ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱞᱟᱦᱟ ᱫᱚ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱤᱣᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱑᱙᱘᱐ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱴᱟᱨᱤ ᱛᱩᱯᱩᱫ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱐᱙ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ [[Recep Tayyip Erdoğan]] ᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱭᱩᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱩᱨᱠᱤ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱑ ᱢᱮ ᱦᱤᱞᱚᱜ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱪᱷᱩᱴᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮᱭ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite news |title=May 1 Labor and Solidarity Day marked throughout Turkey with rallies, meetings |url=https://www.dailysabah.com/turkey/2019/05/01/may-1-labor-and-solidarity-day-marked-throughout-turkey-with-rallies-meetings |access-date=30 April 2025 |work=Daily Sabah |date=1 May 2019}}</ref> ᱛᱟᱠᱥᱤᱢ ᱪᱷᱚᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱚᱢᱮᱞᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱛ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱮ ᱑ ᱢᱮ ᱑᱙᱗᱗ ᱦᱤᱞᱚᱜ ᱱᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱛᱟᱠᱥᱤᱢ ᱥᱠᱩᱣᱟᱭᱟᱨ ᱜᱚᱯᱚᱡ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite web |date=30 April 2024 |title=1 Mayıs'ın Taksim'de kutlanması tartışmaları sürüyor: Meydan neden önemli? |url=https://www.bbc.com/turkce/articles/cgrjmz35j7mo |access-date=30 April 2024 |website=[[BBC World Service|BBC News Türkçe]] |language=tr}}</ref> === ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ === [[File:First United States Labor Day Parade, September 5, 1882 in New York City.jpg|thumb|᱕ ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱑᱘᱘᱒ ᱨᱮ [[ᱱᱤᱭᱩ ᱭᱚᱨᱠ|ᱱᱤᱣ ᱭᱚᱨᱠ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ]] ᱨᱮ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱡᱚᱢᱮᱞᱟ]] ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮ, ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱮᱨᱟᱞ ᱪᱷᱩᱴᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱪᱷᱩᱴᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱥᱤᱸᱜᱮ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱦᱤᱞᱚᱜ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱨᱤᱪᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱤᱛᱩᱝ ᱨᱤᱛᱩ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱪᱷᱩᱴᱤ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite web |last1=Johnson |first1=Yelena. |url=http://www.celebrations.com/article/Labor-Day-End-of-Summer-White-Party |title=Labor Day End of Summer White Party |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091018022008/http://www.celebrations.com/article/Labor-Day-End-of-Summer-White-Party |archive-date=18 October 2009 |website=Celebrations.com |access-date=5 October 2009}}</ref> ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱟᱥᱲᱟ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱦᱤᱞᱚᱜ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱡᱷᱤᱡᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite news |last1=Helderman |first1=Rosalind S. |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/09/05/AR2009090502666.html |title=Issues That Matter to You: School Start After Labor Day |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170906183328/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/09/05/AR2009090502666.html |archive-date=6 September 2017 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |access-date=6 September 2009}}</ref> [https://archives.nupge.ca/content/celebrating-labour-day-holiday-canada-gave-world ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} ᱫᱚ ᱑᱘᱗᱒ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ == ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱢᱮ == * ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ * ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱚᱠ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ (ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱰᱟ) * ᱢᱮ ᱰᱮ == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{Reflist}} == ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ == {{Commons category}} * [https://onesearch.slq.qld.gov.au/permalink/61SLQ_INST/dls06p/alma99183587719602061 ToadShow ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱠᱚ], [[State Library of Queensland]] ᱾ ᱑᱙᱙᱘ ᱟᱨ ᱒᱐᱑᱒ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱨᱤᱥᱵᱮᱱ, ᱤᱯᱥᱣᱤᱪ, ᱜᱳᱞᱰ ᱠᱳᱥᱴ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱨᱠᱟᱞᱰᱤᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱢᱴᱟᱣ ᱾ {{Australia Holidays}} {{Public holidays in Cambodia}} {{Hong Kong Holidays}} {{Public holidays in Indonesia}} {{Public holidays in Malaysia}} {{Mexico Holidays}} {{Public holidays in Myanmar}} {{Public holidays in New Zealand}} {{Public holidays in Pakistan}} {{Public holidays in the Philippines}} {{Public holidays in Singapore}} {{Public holidays in Spain}} {{Public holidays in Tajikistan}} {{Public holidays in Thailand}} {{Public holidays in Turkey}} {{Holidays in Maldives}} [[Category:ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱪᱷᱩᱴᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ]] [[Category:ᱢᱟᱨᱪ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱚ]] [[Category:ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱞ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱚ]] [[Category:ᱢᱮ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱚ]] [[Category:ᱡᱩᱱ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱚ]] [[Category:ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱚ]] [[Category:ᱚᱠᱴᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱚ]] [[Category:ᱥᱤᱸᱜᱮ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱚ]] [[Category:ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱪᱷᱩᱴᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱚ (ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱹᱢᱵᱟᱹᱨ ᱟᱱ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ)]] [[Category:ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱠᱚ| ]] [[Category:ᱟᱞᱡᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱪᱷᱩᱴᱤ ᱠᱚ]] [[Category:ᱠᱮᱢᱵᱳᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱪᱷᱩᱴᱤ ᱠᱚ]] [[Category:ᱛᱩᱨᱠᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱪᱷᱩᱴᱤ ᱠᱚ]] [[Category:ᱡᱟᱢᱵᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱪᱷᱩᱴᱤ ᱠᱚ]] 9um2i0qngplz5xr04yr4rbvdc1tvkty 0 35948 193161 191971 2026-06-26T09:51:50Z InternetArchiveBot 3665 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 193161 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|ᱤᱨᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱰᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱵᱮᱣᱨᱟᱥᱤᱭᱟᱹ, ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ (ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱑᱙᱘᱖)}} {{Infobox person | name = ᱥᱟᱭᱟ ᱜᱳᱞᱰᱳᱣᱥᱴ | native_name = شایا گلدوست | native_name_lang = fa | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1986|04|01}} | birth_place = [[ᱨᱟᱥᱴ]], ᱜᱤᱞᱟᱱ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ, ᱤᱨᱟᱱ | occupation = ᱵᱮᱣᱨᱟᱥᱤᱭᱟᱹ, ᱢᱟᱱᱣᱟ ᱟᱹᱭᱫᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ, ᱮᱞ.ᱡᱤ.ᱵᱤ.ᱴᱤ.ᱠᱤᱭᱩ (LGBTQ) ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ, ᱨᱮᱰᱤᱭᱳ ᱯᱨᱮᱡᱮᱱᱴᱟᱨ, ᱨᱮᱰᱤᱭᱳ ᱯᱨᱚᱰᱭᱩᱥᱚᱨ }} '''ᱥᱟᱭᱟ ᱜᱳᱞᱰᱳᱣᱥᱴ''' ({{Langx|fa|شایا گلدوست}}; ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱑ ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱞ ᱑᱙᱘᱖) ᱫᱚ ᱤᱨᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱰᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱵᱮᱣᱨᱟᱥᱤᱭᱟᱹ, ᱢᱟᱱᱣᱟ ᱟᱹᱭᱫᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ, ᱨᱮᱰᱤᱭᱳ ᱦᱳᱥᱴ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱰᱤᱭᱳ ᱯᱨᱚᱰᱭᱩᱥᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ [[ᱤᱨᱟᱱ ᱣᱟᱭᱟᱨ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱨᱮᱰᱤᱭᱳ ᱨᱚᱝᱜᱤᱱᱠᱟᱢᱟᱱ]] ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱨᱮᱡᱮᱱᱴᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾<ref name=":0">{{Cite news |last=حیدری |first=فهیمه خضر |date=2021-04-26 |title=زندگی سانسورشده شایا گلدوست؛ «خیابان‌های شهر تونل وحشت بود» |trans-title=The Censored Life of Shaya Goldust; "The streets of the city were tunnels of terror" |url=https://www.radiofarda.com/a/my-censored-life-shaya-goldoust/31223936.html |access-date=2024-05-30 |work=رادیو فردا ([[Radio Farda]]) |language=fa}}</ref> ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱰᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱠᱚᱞᱚᱢᱵᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮ [[ᱵᱷᱮᱱᱠᱳᱵᱷᱚᱨ]] ᱨᱮᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ == ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ == ᱥᱟᱭᱟ ᱜᱳᱞᱰᱳᱣᱥᱴ ᱫᱚ ᱑ ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱞ ᱑᱙᱘᱖ ᱨᱮ, ᱤᱨᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱤᱞᱟᱱ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ [[ᱨᱟᱥᱴ]] ᱨᱮᱭ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ [[ᱴᱨᱟᱱᱥᱡᱮᱱᱰᱟᱨ]] ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=لندن |first=کیهان |date=June 28, 2023 |title=حضور متفاوت ایرانیان +LGBTQ در «رژه افتخار» تورنتو؛ «در ایران آزاد جا برای همه به حد کافی هست» |trans-title=Different presence of LGBTQ + Iranians in Toronto's "Parade of Pride"; "There is enough room for everyone in free Iran" |url=https://kayhan.london/1402/04/07/323596/ |access-date=2024-05-30 |website=[[Kayhan London]] |language=fa-IR}}</ref><ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://ir.voanews.com/a/iran-protest-lgbtq-mahsa-amini-canada-/6763536.html |title=شایا گلدوست در تجمع ایرانیان کانادا: به عنوان یک زن ترنس ایرانی می‌گویم این انقلاب زنان است |date=2022-09-26 |type=Video |language=fa |trans-title=Shaya Goldust at the gathering of Iranians in Canada: As an Iranian trans woman, I say this is a women's revolution |access-date=2024-05-30 |via=[[VOA News]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://ir.voanews.com/a/episode_voa-farsi-spring-show-gender-quality-activist-448176/6090846.html |title=کالسکه بهار – گپ‌وگفت نوروزی با شایا گلدوست، یک زن ترنس و کنشگر برابری جنسی و جنسیتی |date=2021-03-24 |type=Video |language=fa |trans-title=Kaleske Bahar-Nowrozi chat with Shaya Goldust, a trans woman and gender equality activist |access-date=2024-05-30 |via=[[VOA News]]}}</ref> ᱑᱘ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱨᱮ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱨᱟᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱛᱩᱨᱠᱤ ᱛᱮᱭ ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲ ᱮᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱰᱟ ᱛᱮᱭ ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱜᱳᱞᱰᱳᱣᱥᱴ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱨᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱭᱫᱟᱹᱨᱤ, ᱟᱨ ᱮᱞ.ᱡᱤ.ᱵᱤ.ᱴᱤ.ᱠᱤᱭᱩ (LGBTQ) ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱷᱩᱞᱟᱹ ᱛᱮᱭ ᱨᱚᱲᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite web |last=Laqaei |first=Saqi |date=2022-01-17 |title=شایا گلدوست به صدای آمریکا: اقلیت‌های جنسی و جنسیتی ایران برای مطالبه حقوق خود تفاوت‌ها را کنار بگذارند |trans-title=Shaya Goldust to the Voice of America: Iran's sexual and gender minorities should set aside differences to demand their rights |url=https://ir.voanews.com/a/iran-lgbtqi-activist-shaya-goldoust/6400026.html |access-date=2024-05-30 |website=صدای آمریکا ([[VOA News]]) |language=fa}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=لندن |first=کیهان |date=June 13, 2019 |title=شایا گلدوست در گفتگو با کیهان لندن: در ایران دست افراطیون برای آزار و اذیت دگرباشان جنسی باز گذاشته شده |trans-title=Shaya Goldoust in Conversation: In Iran, the hands of extremists are free to persecute LGBT people |url=https://kayhan.london/1398/03/23/159177/ |access-date=2024-05-30 |website=[[Kayhan London]] |language=fa-IR}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-01-05 |title=گروهی از اعضا و کنشگران «جامعه کوئیر»، خواستار حقوق برابر پس از جمهوری اسلامی شدند |trans-title=A group of "Queer Community" members and activists demanded equal rights after the Islamic Republic |url=https://ir.voanews.com/a/lgbtq-iran-queer-revelution-protest-/6904458.html |access-date=2024-05-30 |website=صدای آمریکا ([[VOA News]]) |language=fa}}</ref> ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢᱤᱠ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ, ᱤᱨᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ LGBTQIA ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱨᱚᱲ-ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮᱭ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ (ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱣᱜᱮ 'ᱨᱮᱱᱵᱳ ᱠᱚᱢᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱴᱤ' ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ), ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱒᱐᱒᱒ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱪᱮᱛ ᱠᱚ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱵᱷᱮᱡᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱡᱩᱢᱤᱫᱽ ᱪᱤᱴᱷᱤ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite web |last=Aghaei |first=Hamid |date=2022-01-23 |title=نامه جمعی از کنشگران رنگین‌کمانی به معلمان، شایا گلدوست |url=https://iran-tc.com/2022/01/23/%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%87-%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%B9%DB%8C-%D8%A7%D8%B2-%DA%A9%D9%86%D8%B4%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%B1%D9%86%DA%AF%DB%8C%D9%86%E2%80%8C%DA%A9%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C-%D8%A8%D9%87-%D9%85/ |access-date=2024-05-30 |website=Iran Transition Council |publisher=[[IranWire]] |language=fa-IR}}</ref> ᱜᱳᱞᱰᱳᱣᱥᱴ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱒᱓ ᱨᱮ [[ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ, ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ, ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱦᱩᱞᱥᱟᱹᱭ]] ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ [[ᱵᱷᱮᱱᱠᱳᱵᱷᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱟᱭᱤᱰ ᱯᱟᱨᱮᱰ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱯᱨᱟᱭᱤᱰ ᱴᱳᱨᱳᱱᱴᱳ]] ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ, ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱛᱨᱚᱝ ᱨᱚᱝ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱟᱣᱩᱱ ᱮ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱜ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱤᱨᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱪᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱥᱤᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱥᱟᱵ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-08-04 |title=رژه افتخار ونکوور با حضور کوییرهای ایرانی |trans-title=Pride parade of Vancouver with the presence of Iranian queers |url=https://6rang.org/73060/ |access-date=2024-05-30 |website=شش رنگ |language=fa-IR |archive-date=2024-04-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240415161427/https://6rang.org/73060/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-05-30 |title=رژه افتخار ایرانیان در کانادا: چرخه ظلم را علیه کوییرهای ایران متوقف کنید |trans-title=Iranian pride parade in Canada: Stop the cycle of oppression against Iranian queers |url=https://www.iranintl.com/202208012629 |access-date=2024-05-30 |website=ایران اینترنشنال (IranInltv) |language=fa}}</ref><ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Mojtahedi |first=Negar |date=4 August 2023 |title='Fighting for all': Vancouverite shares Iranian LGBTQ+ pride |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/9878259/vancouverite-iranian-lgbtq-pride/ |access-date=2024-05-30 |website=[[Global News]] |language=en-US}}</ref> ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱮᱰᱤᱭᱳ ᱰᱚᱠᱭᱩᱢᱮᱱᱴᱟᱨᱤ ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱡᱽ, "ᱢᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱱᱥᱚᱨᱰ ᱞᱟᱭᱤᱯᱷ" ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱨᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱨᱟᱜ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱱᱤᱡᱮᱨᱟᱜ ᱚᱱᱩᱵᱷᱚᱵᱽ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱵᱚᱨᱱᱚᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾<ref name=":0" /> == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{Reflist}} == ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ == *[https://web.archive.org/web/20191023012415/http://radioranginkaman.org/?cat=39 "ᱤᱧ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱨᱟᱱᱥ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱧ"] ᱨᱮᱰᱤᱭᱳ ᱨᱚᱝᱜᱤᱱᱠᱟᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ *[https://iranwire.com/fa/shndr/121813-%D8%A7%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%88%D8%AF-%D9%BE%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%85-%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%AF%DA%A9%D8%B3%D8%AA-%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%B1-%D8%B3%D9%82%D9%81-%D8%A2%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86/ "ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ"] ᱤᱨᱟᱱᱣᱟᱭᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱚᱰᱠᱟᱥᱴ [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱡᱤᱣᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:᱑᱙᱘᱖ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱰᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱴᱨᱟᱱᱥᱡᱮᱱᱰᱟᱨ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱤᱨᱟᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱰᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:᱒᱑-ᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤ ᱵᱮᱣᱨᱟᱥᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤ ᱴᱨᱟᱱᱥᱡᱮᱱᱰᱟᱨ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱨᱟᱥᱴ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱵᱷᱮᱱᱠᱳᱵᱷᱚᱨ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱵᱮᱣᱨᱟᱥᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱰᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱚᱰᱠᱟᱥᱴᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:᱒᱑-ᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤ LGBTQ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤ LGBTQ ᱟᱹᱭᱫᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱰᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱰᱤᱭᱳ ᱦᱳᱥᱴ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱰᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱨᱮᱰᱤᱭᱳ ᱦᱳᱥᱴ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:᱒᱑-ᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱰᱤᱭᱟᱱ LGBTQ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱰᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱯᱚᱰᱠᱟᱥᱴᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ]] 9hvoei0h1uco5wy6ldv654zz6frel7d 0 35962 193157 192365 2026-06-26T07:47:17Z InternetArchiveBot 3665 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 193157 wikitext text/x-wiki {{short description|ᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱤᱡ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱟᱹᱭᱫᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱾ (ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱑᱙᱗᱕)}} {{Infobox person | name = ᱢᱟᱦᱱᱟᱡᱽ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱢᱢᱚᱫᱤ | image = Mahnaz_Mohammadi.jpg | imagesize = | caption = | native_name = {{langx|fa|مهناز محمدی}} | native_name_lang = | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1975|01|1|df=y}} | birth_place = [[ᱛᱮᱦᱨᱟᱱ]], ᱤᱨᱟᱱ | alma_mater = | occupation = {{hlist|[[ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱤᱡ]]||[[ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱟᱹᱭᱫᱟᱹᱨᱤ]] ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ}} | years_active = ᱒᱐᱐᱓–ᱱᱤᱛ | notable_works = ''ᱥᱚᱱ-ᱢᱚᱫᱚᱨ'' (᱒᱐᱑᱙)<br />''ᱳᱢᱮᱱ ᱣᱤᱫᱟᱣᱩᱴ ᱥᱮᱰᱳᱡᱽ'' (᱒᱐᱐᱓) ''ᱴᱨᱟᱵᱷᱮᱞᱚᱜᱽ'' (᱒᱐᱐᱗) | spouse = | children = }} '''ᱢᱟᱦᱱᱟᱡᱽ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱢᱢᱚᱫᱤ''' ({{langx|fa|مهناز محمدی}}; ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱑ ᱡᱟᱱᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱑᱙᱗᱕, [[ᱛᱮᱦᱨᱟᱱ]]) ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ [[ᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ|ᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤ]] ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱤᱡ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱟᱹᱭᱫᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱐᱓ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ "ᱳᱢᱮᱱ ᱣᱤᱫᱟᱣᱩᱴ ᱥᱮᱰᱳᱡᱽ" ᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱤᱥᱟᱹ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱟᱥᱨᱚᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜ ᱛᱟᱠᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱹᱜᱤ ᱚᱪᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨᱟ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱡᱮᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱯᱟᱨᱟᱵᱽ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite web|title=Mahnaz Mohammadi|url=https://freethework.com/profile/3yMsd9JGzEw6y0OSzD8qih|access-date=2021-06-05|website=freethework.com|archive-date=2021-06-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210605072332/https://freethework.com/profile/3yMsd9JGzEw6y0OSzD8qih|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-11-04|title=Mahnaz Mohammadi|url=https://www.persianfilmfestival.com/mahnaz-mohammadi/|access-date=2021-06-05|website=Persian Film Festival Australia|language=en-AU}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Son-Mother|url=https://www.betacinema.com/138/pid/271/Son-Mother.htm|access-date=2021-06-05|website=www.betacinema.com}}</ref> ᱢᱟᱦᱱᱟᱡᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱰᱚᱠᱭᱩᱢᱮᱱᱴᱟᱨᱤᱭ ᱚᱞ, ᱫᱤᱥᱟᱹ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱰᱭᱩᱥ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱸᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ "ᱴᱨᱟᱵᱷᱮᱞᱚᱜᱽ" ᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱑᱐ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱮᱨᱤᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱱᱮᱢᱟᱛᱷᱮᱠ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ "ᱮ ᱰᱮ ᱤᱱ ᱛᱮᱦᱨᱟᱱ" ᱟᱠᱷᱲᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Mahnaz Mohammadi|url=https://medianest.net/director/mahnaz-mohammadi/|access-date=2021-06-05|website=Media Nest|language=en-GB}}</ref> ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱦᱩᱞᱥᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱪᱩᱦᱩᱲ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱥᱴᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ, ᱡᱚᱨᱡᱽ ᱒᱐᱑᱕, ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite web|date=2014-06-18|title=Iranian film-maker jailed for five years for 'collaborating with the BBC'|url=http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/jun/18/iranian-film-maker-mahnaz-mohammadi-jailed-colaborator-bbc|access-date=2021-06-05|website=the Guardian|language=en}}</ref> == ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ == === ᱳᱢᱮᱱ ᱣᱤᱫᱟᱣᱩᱴ ᱥᱮᱰᱳᱡᱽ (᱒᱐᱐᱓) === ᱢᱟᱦᱱᱟᱡᱽ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱢᱢᱚᱫᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱐᱓ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ "ᱳᱢᱮᱱ ᱣᱤᱫᱟᱣᱩᱴ ᱥᱮᱰᱳᱡᱽ" ᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱤᱥᱟᱹ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱢᱤᱨ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱵᱷᱟᱛᱤ ᱭ ᱯᱨᱚᱰᱭᱩᱥ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱫᱚ, ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱟᱥᱨᱚᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜ ᱛᱟᱠᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱹᱜᱤ ᱚᱪᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱡᱮᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱯᱟᱨᱟᱵᱽ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite web|title='Sufficient to Be Arrested': Female Filmmaker Mahnaz Mohammadi|url=http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/tehranbureau/2011/06/sufficient-to-be-arrested-female-filmmaker-mahnaz-mohammadi.html|access-date=2021-06-05|website=FRONTLINE - Tehran Bureau|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Goodfellow|date=2011-06-29|first=Melanie|title=Concerns grow for arrested Iranian filmmaker Mahnaz Mohammadi|url=https://www.screendaily.com/news/concerns-grow-for-arrested-iranian-filmmaker-mahnaz-mohammadi/5029300.article|access-date=2021-06-05|website=Screen|language=en}}</ref> === ᱴᱨᱟᱵᱷᱮᱞᱚᱜᱽ (᱒᱐᱐᱘) === ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱰᱚᱠᱭᱩᱢᱮᱱᱴᱟᱨᱤᱭ ᱚᱞ, ᱫᱤᱥᱟᱹ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱰᱭᱩᱥ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱸᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ "ᱴᱨᱟᱵᱷᱮᱞᱚᱜᱽ" ᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ [[ᱛᱮᱦᱨᱟᱱ]] ᱟᱨ ᱟᱱᱠᱟᱨᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱴᱨᱮᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱩᱴᱤᱝ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱫᱤᱥᱟᱹ ᱩᱫᱩᱜᱤᱡ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱥᱮᱱᱡᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱯᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱵᱟᱹᱜᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱠᱩᱞᱤ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱑᱐ ᱨᱮ [[ᱯᱮᱨᱤᱥ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱱᱮᱢᱟᱛᱷᱮᱠ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ "ᱮ ᱰᱮ ᱤᱱ ᱛᱮᱦᱨᱟᱱ" ᱟᱠᱷᱲᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱢᱢᱚᱫᱤ ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web|publisher=United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees|title=Refworld {{!}} 2014 prison census - Iran: Mahnaz Mohammadi|url=https://www.refworld.org/docid/549804bd6.html|access-date=2021-06-05|website=Refworld|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-03-13|title=Iranian movies line up for Hong Kong festival|url=https://www.tehrantimes.com/news/459050/Iranian-movies-line-up-for-Hong-Kong-festival|access-date=2021-06-05|website=Tehran Times|language=en}}</ref> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ, ᱤᱨᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱨᱮᱡᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱠᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱫᱤᱥᱟᱹ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ "ᱣᱮᱰᱤᱝ ᱮᱯᱷᱮᱢᱮᱨᱟᱞᱥ" ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱟᱱᱥ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱯᱟᱨᱟᱵᱽ ᱛᱮᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱦᱚ ᱟᱫᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱪᱚᱨᱤᱛ ᱮ ᱯᱟᱴ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ, ᱩᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱠᱚ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱚᱪᱚ ᱟᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Citation|last=Serkanian|first=Reza|title=The Momentary Marriage|date=2011-11-09|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1930420/|type=Drama|others=Mahnaz Mohamadi, Hossein Farzi-Zad, Javad Taheri, Dariush Asadzade|publisher=Overlap Films, Fonds Sud Cinéma, Centre National du Cinéma et de l'Image Animée|access-date=2021-06-05}}</ref>{{better source needed|date=June 2022}} === ᱣᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱯᱷ ᱫᱤ ᱤᱨᱟᱱᱥ ᱯᱚᱯᱩᱞᱮᱥᱚᱱ (᱒᱐᱐᱙) === ᱢᱟᱦᱱᱟᱡᱽ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱢᱢᱚᱫᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱤᱡ ᱨᱚᱠᱷᱥᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱱᱤ-ᱮᱛᱮᱢᱟᱫᱽ ᱟᱜ ᱰᱚᱠᱭᱩᱢᱮᱱᱴᱟᱨᱤ "ᱣᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱯᱷ ᱫᱤ ᱤᱨᱟᱱᱥ ᱯᱚᱯᱩᱞᱮᱥᱚᱱ" ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱐᱙ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱵᱟᱹᱫᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱜᱚᱢᱠᱮ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱹᱵᱤ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱦᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱟᱦᱢᱟᱫᱤᱱᱮᱡᱟᱫᱽ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱚᱯᱷᱤᱥ ᱮ ᱮᱢᱟᱫᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱤᱭᱮᱱᱱᱤᱡᱽ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱯᱟᱨᱟᱵᱽ "ᱫᱤᱥ ᱦᱤᱣᱢᱮᱱ ᱣᱟᱨᱞᱰ" ᱨᱮ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Citation|website=Oberon Amsterdam|title=We Are Half of Iran's Population|url=https://www.idfa.nl/en/film/839ad80b-fefc-4c87-be0b-a650384a08d1/we-are-half-of-irans-population|access-date=2021-06-05}}</ref> === ᱥᱚᱱ-ᱢᱚᱫᱚᱨ (᱒᱐᱑᱙) === ᱢᱟᱦᱱᱟᱡᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱑᱙ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱯᱷᱤᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱯᱷᱤᱪᱚᱨ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ “ᱥᱚᱱ-ᱢᱚᱫᱚᱨ” ᱮ ᱫᱤᱥᱟᱹ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱔᱔-ᱟᱱ ᱴᱳᱨᱳᱱᱴᱳ ᱡᱮᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱯᱟᱨᱟᱵᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱨᱤᱢᱤᱭᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite web|title=Son-Mother (2019) - IMDb|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt10888684/|access-date=2021-06-05|website=www.imdb.com|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-03-15|title=Review: "Son-Mother" Dismantles A Family Unit In Mahnaz Mohammadi's Heartbreaking Debut|url=https://www.cinemaescapist.com/2020/03/review-son-mother-iran-movie/|access-date=2021-06-05|website=Cinema Escapist|language=en}}</ref> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱨᱟᱜᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱷᱮᱵᱤᱭᱳ ᱯᱷᱮᱥᱴ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱯᱟᱨᱟᱵᱽ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱤ ᱮᱢᱱᱮᱥᱴᱤ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ, ᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱᱵᱩᱞ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱯᱟᱨᱟᱵᱽ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱤ ᱚᱰᱤᱭᱮᱱᱥ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱳᱢ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱯᱷᱮᱥᱴ ᱒᱐᱒᱐ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱯᱮᱥᱟᱞ ᱡᱩᱨᱤ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.tehrantimes.com/news/441497/Iran-s-Son-Mother-honored-at-Rome-Film-Fest|title=Iran’s “Son-Mother” honored at Rome Film Fest|date=October 29, 2019|website=Tehran Times}}</ref> ᱥᱚᱱ-ᱢᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱡᱮᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱯᱟᱨᱟᱵᱽ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱭ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱡᱩᱨᱤᱠ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱯᱟᱨᱟᱵᱽ, ᱤᱴᱟᱞᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱞᱤᱥ ᱱᱮᱞᱞᱟ ᱥᱤᱴᱴᱟ, ᱠᱳᱯᱮᱱᱦᱮᱜᱮᱱ ᱨᱮ CPH:PIX, AFI FEST ᱞᱚᱥ ᱮᱸᱡᱮᱞᱥ, ᱜᱳᱣᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱱᱴᱟᱨᱱᱮᱥᱱᱟᱞ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱯᱷᱮᱥᱴᱤᱵᱷᱟᱞ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ, ᱨᱤᱭᱳ ᱰᱤ ᱡᱮᱱᱮᱨᱤᱭᱳ ᱤᱱᱴᱟᱨᱱᱮᱥᱱᱟᱞ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱯᱷᱮᱥᱴᱤᱵᱷᱟᱞ, ᱜᱳᱴᱮᱵᱚᱨᱜᱽ ᱤᱱᱴᱟᱨᱱᱮᱥᱱᱟᱞ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱯᱷᱮᱥᱴᱤᱵᱷᱟᱞ, ᱜᱞᱟᱥᱜᱳ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱯᱷᱮᱥᱴᱤᱵᱷᱟᱞ, ᱮᱰᱤᱱᱵᱚᱨᱜᱽ ᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱯᱷᱮᱥᱴᱤᱵᱷᱟᱞ, ᱦᱚᱝᱠᱚᱝ ᱤᱱᱴᱟᱨᱱᱮᱥᱱᱟᱞ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱯᱷᱮᱥᱴᱤᱵᱷᱟᱞ, ZLIN - ᱤᱱᱴᱟᱨᱱᱮᱥᱱᱟᱞ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱯᱷᱮᱥᱴᱤᱵᱷᱟᱞ ᱯᱷᱚᱨ ᱪᱤᱞᱰᱨᱮᱱ ᱮᱱᱰ ᱭᱩᱛᱷ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢᱯᱷᱮᱥᱴ ᱦᱟᱢᱵᱩᱨᱜᱽ ᱾<ref>{{Cite web|title=Son-Mother {{!}} Films from the South|url=https://www.filmfrasor.no/en/film/2020/son-mother|access-date=2021-06-05|website=www.filmfrasor.no|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Cinema Scope {{!}} Son-Mother (Mahnaz Mohammadi, Iran/Czech Republic) — Discovery|url=https://cinema-scope.com/cinema-scope-online/son-mother-mahnaz-mohammadi-iran-czech-republic-discovery/|access-date=2021-06-05|website=cinema-scope.com|date=8 September 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-03-25|title=Son-Mother: Director Mahnaz Mohammadi Discusses Making Independent Film In Iran|url=https://universalcinema.ca/son-mother-director-mahnaz-mohammadi-discusses-making-independent-film-in-iran/|access-date=2021-06-05|website=Universal Cinema|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-06-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210605072335/https://universalcinema.ca/son-mother-director-mahnaz-mohammadi-discusses-making-independent-film-in-iran/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ == '''ᱥᱚᱱ-ᱢᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱯᱷᱤᱪᱚᱨ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ''' * ᱯᱷᱮᱵᱤᱭᱳ ᱯᱷᱮᱥᱴ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱯᱟᱨᱟᱵᱽ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱤ ᱮᱢᱱᱮᱥᱴᱤ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ - ᱯᱨᱟᱜᱽ<ref>{{Cite web|last=Febiofest|first=Prague International Film Festival-|title=Amnesty International Febiofest Award goes to banned Iranian film|url=http://www.febiofest.cz/news-2020/amnesty-international-febiofest-award-goes-to-banned-iranian-film-170n|access-date=2021-06-05|website=Prague International Film Festival - Febiofest|language=en}}{{Dead link|date=August 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> * ᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱᱵᱩᱞ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱯᱟᱨᱟᱵᱽ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱤ ᱚᱰᱤᱭᱮᱱᱥ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ<ref>{{Cite web|title=Son-Mother|url=https://film.iksv.org/en/the-39th-istanbul-film-festival-2020/son-mother|access-date=2021-06-05|website=İKSV|language=en}}</ref> * ᱨᱳᱢ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱯᱷᱮᱥᱴ ᱒᱐᱒᱐ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱯᱮᱥᱟᱞ ᱡᱩᱨᱤ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-10-28|title=Iranian film earns special jury award of Italian Fest|url=https://en.irna.ir/news/83533732/Iranian-film-earns-special-jury-award-of-Italian-Fest|access-date=2021-06-05|website=IRNA English|language=en}}</ref> '''ᱳᱢᱮᱱ ᱣᱤᱫᱟᱣᱩᱴ ᱥᱮᱰᱳᱡᱽ ᱰᱚᱠᱭᱩᱢᱮᱱᱴᱟᱨᱤ''' * ᱤᱨᱟᱱ ᱠᱷᱟᱱᱮ ᱥᱤᱱᱮᱢᱟ ᱯᱟᱨᱟᱵᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱥ ᱫᱤᱥᱟᱹ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱚᱱ * ᱯᱷᱤᱢᱮᱞ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱢᱮᱠᱟᱨᱥ ᱯᱷᱮᱥᱴᱤᱵᱷᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱥ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ '''ᱴᱨᱟᱵᱷᱮᱞᱚᱜᱽ ᱰᱚᱠᱭᱩᱢᱮᱱᱴᱟᱨᱤ''' * ᱥᱤᱱᱮᱢᱟ ᱵᱷᱮᱨᱤᱴᱮ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱯᱟᱨᱟᱵᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱥ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱚᱱ * ᱯᱟᱨᱵᱷᱤᱱ ᱮᱛᱮᱥᱟᱢᱤ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱯᱟᱨᱟᱵᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱯᱮᱥᱟᱞ ᱡᱩᱨᱤ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ == ᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ == ᱒᱖ ᱡᱩᱱ ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱜᱤᱨᱚᱯᱷᱛᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱐৭ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱛᱮᱥᱟᱨ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱨᱪ ᱒᱐᱐৭ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱓᱒ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱟᱹᱭᱫᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱠᱚ ᱜᱤᱨᱚᱯᱷᱛᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱛᱮᱦᱨᱟᱱ ᱠᱳᱨᱴ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱠᱚ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱢᱚᱬᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱟᱹᱭᱫᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱪᱟᱹᱨ ᱵᱤᱨᱩᱫᱷ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱤ ᱛᱮᱠᱚ ᱫᱮᱠᱷᱟᱣᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾{{Citation needed|date=June 2011}} ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱓ ᱦᱟᱯᱛᱟ ᱡᱤᱦᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱢᱢᱚᱫᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱜᱚᱥᱴ ᱒᱐᱐᱙ ᱨᱮ [[ᱵᱮᱦᱮᱥᱛ-ᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱨᱟ]] ᱛᱚᱯᱟ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱸᱠᱚ ᱜᱤᱨᱚᱯᱷᱛᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ [[ᱱᱮᱫᱟ ᱟᱜᱷᱟ-ᱥᱳᱞᱛᱟᱱ]] ᱟᱜ ᱛᱚᱯᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱢᱟᱞᱟᱭ ᱮᱢᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱖-ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱩᱢᱮᱨᱟᱱ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱜᱚᱢᱠᱮ [[ᱢᱟᱦᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱟᱦᱢᱟᱫᱤᱱᱮᱡᱟᱫᱽ]] ᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱦᱲᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱵᱤᱨᱩᱫᱷ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱮᱠᱷᱟᱣ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱥᱱᱟᱭᱯᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱜᱩᱞᱤ ᱛᱮᱭ ᱜᱚᱡ ᱚᱪᱚ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱟᱹ ᱩᱫᱩᱜᱤᱡ [[ᱡᱟᱯᱷᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱱᱟᱦᱤ]] ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱠᱚ ᱜᱤᱨᱚᱯᱷᱛᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱟᱲᱟ ᱠᱮᱫ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱒᱘ ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱨᱮ [[ᱵᱮᱞ (bail)|ᱵᱮᱞ]] ᱛᱮ ᱨᱟᱲᱟᱭᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ, ᱡᱮᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱫᱟᱵᱟᱣ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱦᱚᱸ, ᱢᱟᱦᱱᱟᱡᱽ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱢᱢᱚᱫᱤ ᱫᱚ [[ᱤᱱᱴᱮᱞᱤᱡᱮᱱᱥ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱥᱤ|ᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤ ᱤᱱᱴᱮᱞᱤᱡᱮᱱᱥ]] ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱱᱚᱡᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱟᱡᱟᱜ [[ᱯᱟᱥᱯᱳᱨᱴ]] ᱫᱚ ᱠᱳᱨᱴ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱟᱴᱠᱟᱣ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱒᱐᱐᱙ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱤᱡ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱛᱚᱸᱜᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱱᱴᱮᱞᱤᱡᱮᱱᱥ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱨᱵᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱚᱞᱟᱥ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱱᱤᱡᱮᱨᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ, ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱥᱟᱯᱟᱵᱽ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱢᱮᱴᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱟᱣᱜᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱡ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱦᱟᱡᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="derstandard.at">{{cite web|url=http://derstandard.at/2000001863700/Iranische-Filmemacherin-erneut-in-Haft|title=Iranische Filmemacherin erneut in Haft|work=derstandard.at|accessdate=28 September 2014}}</ref> ᱧᱩᱦᱩᱢ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ, ᱗ ᱡᱩᱱ ᱒᱐᱑᱔ ᱨᱮ, ᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱟᱹᱭᱫᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱤᱡ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱜᱤᱨᱚᱯᱷᱛᱟᱨ ᱠᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ "ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱩᱨ" ᱟᱨ "ᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱨᱩᱫᱷ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱨᱚᱯᱟᱜᱟᱱᱰᱟ" ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱚᱬᱮ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱦᱚᱞ ᱥᱟᱡᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱸᱡᱚᱢ ᱟᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾<ref name="derstandard.at"/> ᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱟᱹᱭᱫᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱱᱤ [[ᱵᱤ.ᱵᱤ.ᱥᱤ. (BBC)]] ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱳᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱜᱟᱣ ᱟᱫᱮᱭᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤ ᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ [[ᱜᱩᱯᱛᱚᱪᱚᱨ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱮ ᱥᱟᱵ ᱫᱚᱦᱚᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱢᱢᱚᱫᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱱᱮᱴᱣᱟᱨᱠ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱛᱤᱥ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟᱭ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱦᱮᱸ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟᱭ ᱡᱮ ᱟᱡ ᱠᱩᱠᱞᱤ ᱠᱩᱞᱤᱭᱤᱡ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱡᱟ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱵᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱟᱵᱟᱣ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱢᱟᱫᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾<ref>{{cite news|last1=Dehghan|first1=Saeed Kamali|title=Iranian film-maker jailed for five years for 'collaborating with the BBC'|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/jun/18/iranian-film-maker-mahnaz-mohammadi-jailed-colaborator-bbc|accessdate=18 June 2014|work=The Guardian|date=18 June 2014}}</ref> ᱖᱔-ᱟᱱ [[ᱠᱟᱱᱥ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱯᱟᱨᱟᱵᱽ]] ᱨᱮ, ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱤᱡ [[ᱠᱳᱥᱴᱟ-ᱜᱟᱵᱷᱨᱟᱥ]] ᱢᱤᱫ ᱪᱤᱴᱷᱤᱭ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱢᱢᱚᱫᱤ [[ᱛᱮᱦᱨᱟᱱ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱡᱟ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ: "ᱤᱧ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱤᱡ ᱠᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱧ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱚᱯᱨᱟᱫᱷᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱚᱪᱚᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱡᱚᱛᱷᱮᱥᱴ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ" == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{Reflist}} == ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ == * {{Official website|mahnazmohammadi.com}} * {{IMDb name|6554925|Mahnaz Mohammadi}} * {{Instagram|mahnazmohamadii}} [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱡᱤᱣᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤ ᱡᱤᱦᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱡᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱫᱤᱥᱟᱹ ᱩᱫᱩᱜᱤᱡ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:᱑᱙᱗᱕ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱛᱮᱦᱨᱟᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱫᱤᱥᱟᱹ ᱩᱫᱩᱜᱤᱡ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱟᱹᱭᱫᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱤᱨᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱡᱤᱦᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]] 5lvo0us7ig0gzs1t0viv582isatjqe4 0 35978 193162 192372 2026-06-26T09:57:03Z InternetArchiveBot 3665 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 193162 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|ᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ (ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱑᱙᱗᱖)}} {{Infobox person | name = ᱥᱟᱭᱤᱫᱽ ᱡᱮᱭᱱᱟᱞᱤ | image = | caption = | birth_date = ᱒᱒ ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱑᱙᱗᱖ | birth_place = | disappeared_date = ᱯᱟᱞᱮ ᱒᱐᱐᱒ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ | disappeared_place = | known_for = ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱡᱤᱦᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ, ᱑᱙᱙᱙-ᱱᱤᱛ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ | mother = ᱟᱠᱨᱟᱢ ᱱᱮᱜᱷᱟᱵᱤ | occupation = [[ᱯᱟᱹᱴᱷᱩᱣᱟᱹ]] | alma_mater = [[ᱛᱮᱦᱨᱟᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ]] }} '''ᱥᱟᱭᱤᱫᱽ ᱡᱮᱭᱱᱟᱞᱤ''' (ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱒᱒ ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱑᱙᱗᱖) ᱫᱚ ᱛᱮᱦᱨᱟᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱴᱷᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱐ ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ ᱑᱙᱙᱙ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱨᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱴᱷᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱦᱩᱞ, ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ ᱑᱙᱙᱙ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱕ ᱢᱟᱦᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱨᱮᱥᱴ ᱞᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾<ref>[http://www.ihrv.org/inf/?p=5242 Iran Human Rights Voice » Blog Archive » Saeed Zeinali story] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924033335/http://www.ihrv.org/inf/?p=5242 |date=2015-09-24 }}. Ihrv.org. Retrieved on 2013-07-31.</ref><ref>[http://www.iranrights.org/farsi/memorial-case-61156.php آقای سعید زینالی - یادبود حقوق بشر]. Iranrights.org. Retrieved on 2013-07-31.</ref><ref>[https://www.bbc.com/persian/iran/2013/07/130709_l45_saeed_zeinali ايران - BBC فارسی - مادر سعید زینالی: مسئولان قول داده‌اند پس از ۱۴ سال سرنوشت پسرم را به من بگویند]. Bbc.co.uk. Retrieved on 2013-07-31.</ref> ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱓ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾<ref>[http://www.imenews.com/articles_show.php?gid=128 IME NEWS Article < 14th Anniversary of Uprising of Iranian Students >]. Imenews.com. Retrieved on 2013-07-31.</ref> == ᱟᱫᱚᱜ == ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ [[ᱛᱮᱦᱨᱟᱱ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱫᱽᱱᱟᱢ ᱮᱵᱷᱤᱱ ᱡᱤᱦᱚᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱥᱮ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱒᱐᱐᱒ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱞᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱨᱮᱥᱴ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱮ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱯᱷᱳᱱ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱣ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱛ ᱛᱮ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱠᱚ ᱟᱸᱡᱚᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱤᱠᱤᱣᱨᱤᱴᱤ ᱯᱷᱳᱨᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱵᱷᱤᱱ ᱡᱤᱦᱚᱞ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱟᱹᱭᱫᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱛ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟ ᱾<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4bGjqIxpWpg مسولان این فلیم را ببینند؛ نشانه هایی از سعید زینالی که چهارده سال از او خبری نیست]. YouTube (2013-07-19). Retrieved on 2013-07-31.</ref><ref>[http://www.roozonline.com/persian/news/newsitem/article/12-13.html خانه :: روزآنلاین]. Roozonline.com. Retrieved on 2013-07-31.</ref> == ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ == ᱙ ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ ᱒᱐᱑᱓ ᱨᱮ, ᱛᱮᱦᱨᱟᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ, ᱥᱟᱭᱤᱫᱽ ᱡᱮᱭᱱᱟᱞᱤ ᱭᱤᱡ ᱟᱭᱳ ᱟᱠᱨᱟᱢ ᱱᱮᱜᱷᱟᱵᱤ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟᱭ ᱡᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱡᱩᱰᱤᱥᱤᱭᱟᱨᱤ ᱟᱹᱭᱫᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮ ᱣᱟᱫᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟ ᱾<ref>[https://www.nabz-iran.com/en/content/weekly-pulse-english/188001#.Ue75mNKOTK0 Weekly Pulse - July 12, 2013 | NABZ] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210311110204/https://www.nabz-iran.com/en/content/weekly-pulse-english/188001#.Ue75mNKOTK0 |date=March 11, 2021 }}. Nabz-iran.com (2013-07-12). Retrieved on 2013-07-31.</ref> ᱒᱐᱑᱙ ᱨᱮ, ᱒᱑ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ, ᱮᱢᱱᱮᱥᱴᱤ ᱤᱱᱴᱟᱨᱱᱮᱥᱱᱟᱞ ᱟᱨᱮᱥᱴ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱴᱷᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱭᱤᱫᱽ ᱡᱮᱭᱱᱟᱞᱤ ᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱡᱽ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱴᱩᱭᱴᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱚᱞ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ: "ᱯᱟᱹᱴᱷᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱭᱤᱫᱽ ᱡᱮᱭᱱᱟᱞᱤ ᱡᱚᱨ ᱡᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱟᱫᱚᱜ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱜᱮᱞᱟᱝ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱮᱢᱱᱮᱥᱴᱤ ᱤᱱᱴᱟᱨᱱᱮᱥᱱᱟᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱮᱭᱟᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱫᱩᱠᱷ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱮ ᱛᱤᱸᱜᱩ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾"<ref>{{Cite web |title=۲۱ سال از ناپدید شدن سعید زینالی گذشت؛ عفو بین‌الملل خواستار اعلام وضعیت این دانشجوی بازداشتی شد |url=https://ir.voanews.com/a/persiannewsiran_iran-human-rights-saeid-zeinali/6096310.html |access-date=2022-10-20 |website=صدای آمریکا |date=9 July 2020 |language=fa}}</ref> == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{Reflist}} [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:᱑᱙᱗᱖ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:᱒᱐᱐᱐ ᱫᱚᱥᱚᱠ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱫᱚᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱢᱟᱢᱞᱟ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤ ᱡᱤᱦᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱚᱸᱫᱤ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱟᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱤᱨᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱫᱚᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱢᱟᱢᱞᱟ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱛᱮᱦᱨᱟᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱴᱷᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱤᱨᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱤᱨᱩᱫᱷ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱡᱤᱣᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ]] 60ricq24ifr1apr0yewr69re76k1yam 0 36274 193145 193114 2026-06-26T03:45:42Z ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱗ 1744 /* ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ */ 193145 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ}} {{Infobox settlement | name = ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ <!-- Do not change to Chattogram without discussion, see WP:COMMONNAME. --> | official_name = ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ | native_name = <small>{{nativename|bn|চট্টগ্রাম/চাটগাঁও}}</small> <br /> <small>{{nativename|ctg| চিটাং}}</small> | nicknames = ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ<br />ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ<br />ᱜᱮᱞ ᱵᱟᱨ [[ᱥᱩᱯᱷᱤ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱷ]] ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ | settlement_type = [[ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱚᱯᱚᱞᱤᱥ]] | image_skyline = {{multiple image | border = infobox | total_width = 300 | image_style = | perrow = 1/2/2/2/2/1 | image1 = Jamburi park, Agrabad, Chittagong 2.jpg | caption1 = [[ᱟᱜᱽᱨᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ|ᱟᱜᱽᱨᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ]] ᱥᱠᱟᱭᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ [[ᱡᱟᱢᱵᱩᱨᱤ ᱯᱟᱨᱠ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ | image2 = Chittagong War Cemetery 8.jpg | caption2 = [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱣᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱢᱮᱴᱨᱤ]] | image3 = Lake of Foy's Lake.jpg | caption3 = [[ᱯᱷᱚᱭᱥ ᱞᱮᱠ]] | image4 = Sunset at Patenga beach.jpg | caption4 = [[ᱯᱚᱛᱮᱝᱜᱟ]] | image5 = Central Railway Building (17233793446).jpg | caption5 = [[ᱥᱮᱱᱴᱨᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱵᱤᱞᱰᱤᱝ]] | image6 = Karnafully Bridge CHittagong (cropped).jpg | caption6 = [[ᱥᱟᱦ ᱟᱢᱟᱱᱚᱛ ᱵᱨᱤᱡᱽ]] }} | mapframe = yes | mapframe-zoom = 10 | seal_size = 100px | pushpin_map = Bangladesh Chittagong division#Bangladesh#South Asia#Asia#World | pushpin_label_position = centre | pushpin_map_caption = ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ | pushpin_mapsize = 260 | subdivision_type = ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ | subdivision_name = {{Country|ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ}} | subdivision_type1 = [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱠᱚ|ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ]] | subdivision_name1 = [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ|ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ]] | subdivision_type2 = [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚ|ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]] | subdivision_name2 = [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ|ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ]] | government_type = [[ᱢᱮᱭᱚᱨ-ᱠᱟᱣᱩᱱᱥᱤᱞ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ|ᱢᱮᱭᱚᱨ-ᱠᱟᱣᱩᱱᱥᱤᱞ]] | governing_body = {{nowrap|[[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱠᱚᱨᱯᱚᱨᱮᱥᱚᱱ]]}} | leader_title = [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱮᱭᱚᱨ|ᱢᱮᱭᱚᱨ]] | leader_name = [[ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱫᱚᱛ ᱦᱚᱥᱮᱱ (ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ)|ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱫᱚᱛ ᱦᱚᱥᱮᱱ]] ([[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱱᱮᱥᱱᱟᱞᱤᱥᱴ ᱯᱟᱨᱴᱤ|BNP]]) | leader_title1 = | leader_name1 = | leader_title2 = [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱠᱚᱨᱯᱚᱨᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱠᱟᱹ#ᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱠᱟᱣᱩᱱᱥᱤᱞ|ᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱠᱟᱣᱩᱱᱥᱤᱞ]] | leader_name2 = [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱠᱚᱨᱯᱚᱨᱮᱥᱚᱱ#ᱣᱟᱨᱰ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱣᱩᱱᱥᱤᱞᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ|᱔᱑ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ]] | leader_title3 = [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱝᱥᱚᱫᱽ|ᱥᱚᱝᱥᱚᱫᱽ]] | leader_name3 = [[ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱚᱝᱥᱚᱫᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱠᱟᱹ#ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ|᱖ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ]] | established_title = ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ | established_date = {{Start date and age|1340}} | established_title2 = ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱧᱟᱢ | established_date2 = {{start date and age|1863}}<ref name="ccc history">{{cite web |url=http://www.ccc.org.bd/history |title=History of Chittagong City Corporation |publisher=[[Chittagong City Corporation]] |access-date=26 May 2013 |archive-date=13 August 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130813193710/http://ccc.org.bd/history |url-status=dead}}</ref> | established_title3 = <!-- Incorporated (city) --> | unit_pref = <!--Enter: Imperial, if Imperial (metric) is desired--> | area_footnotes = <ref name="bbspaurashava">{{cite web |url=http://www.bbs.gov.bd/dataindex/census/municip.pdf |title=Area, Population and Literacy Rate by Paurashava −2001 |publisher=[[Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics]] |access-date=18 September 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070610054152/http://www.bbs.gov.bd/dataindex/census/municip.pdf |archive-date=10 June 2007 |url-status=dead}}</ref> | area_total_km2 = 168.07 | area_land_km2 = <!--See table @ Template:Infobox settlement for details on automatic unit conversion--> | area_urban_km2 = 302.11 | area_metro_km2 = 615.37 | population_as_of = [[᱒᱐᱒᱒ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ|᱒᱐᱒᱒]] | population_total = 3230507<ref>{{cite web | title=Chittagong (City Corporation, Bangladesh) - Population Statistics, Charts, Map and Location | url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/bangladesh/admin/chittagong/1516__chittagong/ }}</ref> | population_density_km2 = | population_metro = 5653000<ref>{{cite web | title=Chittagong, Bangladesh Metro Area Population (1950-2025) | MacroTrends | url=https://www.macrotrends.net/global-metrics/cities/20115/chittagong/population }}</ref> | population_density_metro_km2 = auto | population_urban = 5253312<ref>{{cite web | title=Chattogram, Bangladesh Population (2025) - Population Stat | url=https://populationstat.com/bangladesh/chattogram }}</ref> | population_density_urban_km2 = auto | population_demonym = [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ|ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟᱱ]], [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ|ᱥᱤᱴᱟᱭᱤᱝᱜᱟ]], [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ|ᱪᱟᱴᱜᱟᱹᱭᱭᱟ]] | population_blank1_title = ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱸᱠ | population_blank1 = [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱠᱟᱹ|ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱒ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ]] | population_blank2_title = ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱚ ᱨᱮᱸᱠ | population_blank2 = [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱠᱚᱨᱯᱚᱨᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱠᱟᱹ|ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱒ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ]];<br />[[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ#ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱚ|ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱓ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ]]; | timezone = [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ|ᱵᱤ.ᱮᱥ.ᱴᱤ]] | utc_offset = +6 | coordinates = {{coord|22|20|06|N|91|49|57|E|region:BD-B_city(2581643)|display=inline,title}} | elevation_footnotes = <!--for references: use<ref> </ref> tags--> | elevation_m = 29 | elevation_ft = 95 | postal_code_type = [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱳᱥᱴᱟᱞ ᱠᱳᱰ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱠᱟᱹ|ᱯᱳᱥᱴᱟᱞ ᱠᱳᱰ]] | postal_code = 4000, 4100, 42xx | area_code_type = [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱮᱞᱤᱯᱷᱳᱱ ᱱᱚᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ|ᱠᱚᱞᱤᱝ ᱠᱳᱰ]] | area_code = +880 31 | demographics_type1 = [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ|ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ]] | demographics1_title1 = ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ | demographics1_info1 = [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ]]{{*}}[[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥᱤ ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ|ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ]] | demographics1_title2 = ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ | demographics1_info2 = [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟᱱ]] | demographics_type2 = | demographics2_footnotes = <ref name="বাংলাদেশ পরিসংখ্যান ব্যুরো">{{cite web | url=https://bbs.portal.gov.bd/site/page/b432a7e5-8b4d-4dac-a76c-a9be4e85828c | title=বাংলাদেশ পরিসংখ্যান ব্যুরো }}</ref> | demographics2_title1 = | demographics2_info1 = | blank_name_sec1 = [[ᱭᱩᱮᱱ/ᱞᱳᱠᱳᱰ (UN/LOCODE)]] | blank_info_sec1 = BD CGP | blank1_name_sec1 = {{nowrap|[[ᱡᱤᱰᱤᱯᱤ (GDP)]]}} (᱒᱐᱒᱖) | blank1_info_sec1 = [[ᱡᱤᱰᱤᱯᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱠᱟᱹ (PPP)|PPP]]<br />{{IncreasePositive}} $᱒᱓᱐.᱖ ᱵᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ<br />[[ᱡᱤᱰᱤᱯᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱠᱟᱹ (ᱱᱳᱢᱤᱱᱟᱞ)|ᱱᱳᱢᱤᱱᱟᱞ]]<br /> {{IncreasePositive}} $᱖᱑.᱓ ᱵᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ<ref>{{cite web |title=World Economic Outlook Database: Bangladesh (April 2026) |url=https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2026/April |publisher=International Monetary Fund }}</ref> | blank3_name_sec1 = [[ᱦᱤᱣᱢᱮᱱ ᱰᱮᱵᱷᱮᱞᱚᱯᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱤᱱᱰᱮᱠᱥ|HDI]] (᱒᱐᱒᱓) | blank3_info_sec1 = ᱐.᱖᱙᱕<br /> {{color|#FFD633|ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱢᱟᱞᱟ}} · [[ᱦᱤᱣᱢᱮᱱ ᱰᱮᱵᱷᱮᱞᱚᱯᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱤᱱᱰᱮᱠᱥ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱠᱟᱹ|᱒᱒ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱘ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ]] | blank4_name_sec1 = [[ᱯᱩᱞᱤᱥ]] | blank4_info_sec1 = [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱚᱯᱚᱞᱤᱴᱟᱱ ᱯᱩᱞᱤᱥ]] | blank5_name_sec1 = [[ᱡᱮᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ]] | blank5_info_sec1 = [[ᱥᱟᱦ ᱟᱢᱟᱱᱚᱛ ᱡᱮᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ]] | blank6_name_sec1 = ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱚᱯᱚᱞᱤᱴᱟᱱ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱤᱝ ᱚᱛᱷᱚᱨᱤᱴᱤ | blank6_info_sec1 = [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱰᱮᱵᱷᱮᱞᱚᱯᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱚᱛᱷᱚᱨᱤᱴᱤ]] | blank7_name_sec1 = ᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱯᱞᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱣᱟᱨᱮᱡᱽ ᱚᱛᱷᱚᱨᱤᱴᱤ | blank7_info_sec1 = [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱣᱟᱥᱟ (WASA)]] | website = {{URL|ccc.gov.bd}} | blank_emblem_size = 150px | blank_emblem_type = ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱠᱚᱨᱯᱚᱨᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱥᱤᱞ | image_seal = | seal_alt = ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱠᱚᱨᱯᱚᱨᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱥᱤᱞ | leader_party = | registration_plate = [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱨᱮᱡᱤᱥᱴᱨᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱯᱞᱮᱴ ᱠᱚ|CHATTO METRO -X-XX-XXXX ᱥᱮ CHATTOGRAM -X-XX-XXXX]] }} '''ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|tʃ|ɪ|t|ə|ɡ|ɒ|ŋ}} {{respell|CHIT|ə|gong}}),<ref name="dictionary1">{{cite web |title=Definition of Chittagong |url=https://www.dictionary.com/browse/chittagong |access-date=23 February 2022 |website=Dictionary.com |language=en}}</ref> [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱠᱟᱹ|ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ]] '''ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ'''<ref name="dt2Apr2018" /> ({{langx|bn|চট্টগ্রাম|Côṭṭôgrām}}, {{IPA|bn|ˈt͡ʃɔʈːoɡram|IPA|LL-Q9610 (ben)-Yahya-চট্টগ্রাম.wav}}, ᱥᱮᱨᱣᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ {{langx|bn|চাটগাঁও|Cāṭgão}}; {{langx|ctg|চিটাং|Sitang}}), ᱫᱚ [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱠᱟᱹ|ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ]] ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ]] ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱟᱨ [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱵᱷᱤᱲ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref name="thedailystar.net" /> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ|ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ|ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱪᱟᱪᱞᱟᱣ ᱢᱟᱹᱪᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ [[ᱠᱚᱨᱱᱚᱯᱷᱩᱞᱤ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ]] ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱮ ᱨᱮ [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ]] ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱒᱐᱒᱒ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ, ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱙.᱒ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web |title=Chittagong · Population |url=https://www.macrotrends.net/cities/20115/chittagong/population |access-date=30 April 2022 |website=population.city}}</ref> ᱒᱐᱒᱒ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ, ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱕.᱖ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bangladesh: Districts and Cities - Population Statistics, Maps, Charts, Weather and Web Information |url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/bangladesh/cities/ |access-date=2024-08-31 |website=www.citypopulation.de}}</ref> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱳᱨᱴ ᱦᱟᱵᱽ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱟ, ᱡᱩᱴ, ᱟᱨ ᱯᱮᱴᱨᱚᱞᱤᱭᱚᱢ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱡᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Chittagong|title=Chittagong|publisher=[[Britannica]]|access-date=June 15, 2026}}</ref> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱴᱷᱟᱶᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ|ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ]] ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱮ ᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟ᱾ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ [[ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ|ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱨᱵᱚᱨ]] ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ,<ref name="auto1">{{Cite book |last1=Ring |first1=Trudy |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=voerPYsAB5wC&q=chittagong+ptolemy&pg=PA186 |title=Asia and Oceania: International Dictionary of Historic Places |last2=Watson |first2=Noelle |last3=Schellinger |first3=Paul |date=12 November 2012 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-136-63979-1 |language=en}}</ref> ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ [[ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱜᱨᱤᱥ|ᱜᱨᱤᱠ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱨᱳᱢ|ᱨᱳᱢᱟᱱ]] ᱢᱮᱯ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ [[ᱴᱚᱞᱮᱢᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱢᱮᱯ]] ᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ [[ᱥᱤᱞᱠ ᱨᱳᱰ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱰᱟᱹᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱙ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ, [[ᱟᱵᱽᱵᱟᱥᱤᱫᱽ ᱠᱷᱟᱞᱤᱯᱷᱟᱛ]] ᱨᱤᱱ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ᱾<ref name="bp-arabs" /><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Islam |first1=Shariful |last2=Hoque |first2=Muhammad Manirul |title=Unpublished Umayyad and Abbasid Silver Coins in the Bangladesh National Museum |url=https://www.asiaticsociety.org.bd/journal/H_DEC_2017/4_H_Shariful%20%20%26%20Monir.pdf |journal=Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bangladesh |volume=62 |issue=2 |date=December 2017 |pages=205–231 |access-date=9 March 2022 |archive-date=9 October 2022 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://www.asiaticsociety.org.bd/journal/H_DEC_2017/4_H_Shariful%20%20&%20Monir.pdf |url-status=dead}}</ref> ᱑᱔ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱥᱞᱤᱢ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱱᱠᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ [[ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ ᱥᱩᱞᱛᱟᱱᱟᱛ]], [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱥᱩᱞᱛᱟᱱᱟᱛ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱢᱩᱜᱚᱞ ᱥᱟᱢᱨᱟᱡᱽ]] ᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ [[ᱴᱟᱠᱥᱟᱞ (ᱥᱩᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟ)|ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱴᱟᱠᱥᱟᱞ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web |url=https://en.banglapedia.org/index.php/Mint_Towns |title=Mint Towns |website=[[Banglapedia]] |date=5 August 2021 |access-date=16 March 2022}}</ref> ᱑᱕ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱑᱗ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ, ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ [[ᱟᱨᱟᱠᱟᱱ]] ᱨᱮ ᱪᱟᱪᱞᱟᱣ, ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ, ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱱᱦᱟ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱓᱕᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱤᱡ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱤ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱑᱖ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱚᱨᱛᱩᱜᱤᱡᱽ ᱵᱟᱥᱟ|ᱯᱚᱨᱛᱩᱜᱤᱡᱽ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ]] ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ [[ᱡᱳᱣᱟᱣ ᱰᱮ ᱵᱟᱨᱳᱥ]] ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ "ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱨᱟᱡᱚᱥᱴᱷᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱹᱬ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ" ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮᱭ ᱵᱚᱨᱱᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web |title=Chittagong {{!}} History, Population, & Facts |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Chittagong |access-date=23 February 2022 |website=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]] |language=en}}</ref> ᱢᱩᱜᱚᱞ ᱥᱟᱢᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱖᱖᱖ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱚᱨᱛᱩᱜᱤᱡᱽ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱨᱟᱠᱟᱱᱤᱡᱽ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱞᱟᱜᱟ ᱠᱮᱫ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ᱾ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱱᱚᱣᱟᱵᱽ|ᱱᱚᱣᱟᱵᱽ]] ᱑᱗᱙᱓ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ [[ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱤᱥᱴ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ]] ᱮᱢᱟᱫ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱭ᱾ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱘ᱰ᱗ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚᱦᱲᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱵᱷᱤᱲ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱡᱽ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱫᱚ [[ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱵᱚᱨᱢᱟ]] ᱥᱟᱶ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱑᱙᱒᱘ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ, ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ [[ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ "ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ" ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱜᱷᱚᱥᱱᱟ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ [[ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ]] ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ, ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ [[ᱵᱚᱨᱢᱟ ᱚᱵᱷᱤᱡᱟᱱ]] ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ [[ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱢᱤᱛᱨᱚ ᱯᱷᱟᱹᱫᱽ|ᱢᱤᱛᱨᱚ ᱯᱷᱟᱹᱫᱽ]] ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱷᱟᱹᱴᱤ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱑᱙᱔᱐ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱥᱚᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱠᱷᱟᱱᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱠᱟᱭᱛᱮ [[ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ]] ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ [[ᱟᱥᱟᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱯᱟᱠᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱴᱟᱨᱢᱤᱱᱟᱥ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱑᱙᱗᱑ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ]] ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ, ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥᱤ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱜᱷᱚᱥᱱᱟ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ [[ᱦᱟᱢᱟᱞ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱜᱟᱲ]], ᱞᱚᱡᱤᱥᱴᱤᱠᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱞᱟᱵᱽ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟ᱾ ᱑᱙᱙᱐ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱥᱚᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱨᱮᱰ ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱᱤᱡᱚᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱰᱤᱯᱤ (GDP) ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱑᱒% ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱔᱐% ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱜᱟᱲ ᱟᱨᱡᱟᱣ, ᱘᱐% [[ᱡᱮᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ]], ᱟᱨ ᱕᱐% [[ᱠᱷᱟᱡᱽᱱᱟ]] ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ [[ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱤᱲ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱱᱮᱵᱷᱤ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱵᱤᱮᱱᱮᱥ ᱤᱥᱟ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ|ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱵᱮᱥ]] ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱯᱷᱚᱨᱥ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱵᱮᱥ, [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱟᱨᱢᱤ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱮᱨᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱠᱳᱥᱴ ᱜᱟᱨᱰ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱵᱮᱥ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱡᱳᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱴᱚᱠ ᱮᱠᱥᱪᱮᱸᱡᱽ]] ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱥᱴᱚᱠ ᱢᱟᱨᱠᱮᱴ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱗᱐᱐ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ᱾ [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱪᱟ ᱱᱤᱞᱟᱢ]] ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ [[ᱠᱚᱢᱚᱰᱤᱴᱤ ᱮᱠᱥᱪᱮᱸᱡᱽ]] ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱟ ᱟᱨᱡᱟᱣ|ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥᱤ ᱪᱟ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱮᱫᱼᱟ᱾ [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱳᱨᱴ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱮᱥᱤᱝ ᱡᱳᱱ|CEPZ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱠᱚᱨᱱᱚᱯᱷᱩᱞᱤ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱳᱨᱴ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱮᱥᱤᱝ ᱡᱳᱱ|KEPZ]] ᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱫᱮᱥᱤ ᱥᱚᱡᱷᱮ ᱤᱱᱵᱷᱮᱥᱴᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱜᱟᱲ ᱡᱳᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ [[ᱥᱟᱦ ᱟᱢᱟᱱᱚᱛ ᱡᱮᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ]] ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ [[ᱠᱚᱨᱱᱚᱯᱷᱩᱞᱤ ᱴᱚᱱᱮᱞ]], ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱠᱞᱟ [[ᱫᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱴᱚᱱᱮᱞ|ᱫᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱲᱚᱠ ᱴᱚᱱᱮᱞ]], ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ, ᱱᱳᱵᱮᱞ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ [[ᱢᱩᱦᱟᱢᱢᱚᱫᱽ ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱩᱥ]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/2006/yunus/facts/|title=Muhammad Yunus|website=nobelprize.org|access-date=June 15, 2026}}</ref>, ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ, ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ [[ᱢᱩᱥᱞᱤᱢ]] ᱥᱟᱸᱜᱮ ᱮᱞ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ, ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥᱤ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱥᱤᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ [[ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ ᱠᱚ|ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ]], [[ᱤᱥᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱚ|ᱤᱥᱟᱹᱭ]], [[ᱪᱟᱠᱢᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ|ᱪᱟᱠᱢᱟ]], [[ᱢᱟᱨᱢᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ|ᱢᱟᱨᱢᱟ]], [[ᱵᱚᱨᱩᱣᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ|ᱵᱚᱨᱩᱣᱟ]], [[ᱛᱨᱤᱯᱩᱨᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ|ᱛᱨᱤᱯᱩᱨᱤ]], [[ᱜᱟᱨᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ|ᱜᱟᱨᱚ]] ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ᱾ ==ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ== {{main|ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱠᱚ}} ''ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ'' ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ|ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ]] ᱫᱚ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref name=gazetteer>{{cite book |last=O'Malley |first=L.S.S. |date=1908 |title=Chittagong |url=http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc1.b2878583;view=1up;seq=19 |series=Eastern Bengal District Gazetteers |volume=11A |location=Calcutta |publisher=The Bengal Secretariat Book Depot |page=1 |access-date=8 August 2015}}</ref> ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ, ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ''ᱪᱟᱴᱤᱜᱟᱶ'', ''ᱪᱟᱴᱤᱜᱟᱢ'', ''ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢᱟ'', ''ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ'', ''ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱞᱟ'', ''ᱪᱚᱭᱛᱭᱚᱵᱷᱩᱢᱤ'' ᱟᱨ ''ᱯᱳᱨᱴᱳ ᱜᱨᱟᱱᱰᱮ ᱰᱮ ᱵᱮᱝᱜᱟᱞᱟ''᱾<ref>{{cite news |title=Bangladesh changes English spellings of five districts |url=https://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/bangladesh-changes-english-spellings-of-five-districts |work=[[bdnews24.com]] |date=2 April 2018}}</ref> ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ, ''ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ (চট্টগ্রাম)'', ᱨᱮ "''-ᱜᱨᱟᱢ''" (গ্রাম) ᱛᱚᱸᱜᱮᱱ (ᱯᱚᱛᱛᱚᱭ) ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ ᱫᱚ [[ᱢᱟᱱᱚᱠ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ|ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ]] ᱛᱮ "ᱟᱹᱛᱩ" ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱴᱮᱨᱚᱜ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱚᱭᱛᱭᱚ ᱥᱮ ᱵᱩᱫᱫᱷᱚ ᱢᱚᱴᱷ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱥᱟᱸᱜᱮ ᱵᱩᱫᱫᱷᱚ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱢᱩᱜᱚᱞ ᱡᱩᱜᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ''ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ (ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ)'' ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱤᱛ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱞ ᱒᱐᱑᱘ ᱨᱮ, [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ|ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱟᱜ]] [[ᱠᱮᱵᱤᱱᱮᱴ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ]] ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟᱭ;<ref name="dt2Apr2018">{{cite news |url=https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/142256/mixed-reactions-as-govt-changes-english-spellings|title=Mixed reactions as govt changes English spellings of 5 district names |work=[[Dhaka Tribune]] |date=2 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240206234258/https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/142256/mixed-reactions-as-govt-changes-english-spellings |archive-date=6 February 2024 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://thefinancialexpress.com.bd/public/index.php/trade/experts-warn-of-trade-hits-from-renaming-chittagong-1522644725 |title=Experts warn of trade hits from renaming Chittagong |work=[[The Financial Express (Bangladesh)]] |access-date=21 March 2019 |archive-date=30 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211130225309/https://thefinancialexpress.com.bd/public/index.php/trade/experts-warn-of-trade-hits-from-renaming-chittagong-1522644725 |url-status=dead}}</ref> ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥᱤ ᱢᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱤᱨᱳᱫᱷ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite news |last=Chowdhury |first=Umran |title=From a commercial capital to a village |url=https://www.dhakatribune.com/opinion/op-ed/142537/from-a-commercial-capital-to-a-village |work=[[Dhaka Tribune]] |date=5 April 2018 |type=Opinion}}</ref> ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱚᱨᱱᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱟᱨᱚᱵᱽ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ''ᱥᱟᱛ ᱟᱞ ᱜᱷᱟᱝᱜᱷ'' ({{langx|ar|شط الغنغ}}) ᱠᱚ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ''ᱥᱟᱛ'' ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ ᱫᱚ "ᱫᱤᱯ (Delta)" ᱟᱨ ''ᱜᱷᱟᱝᱜᱷ'' ᱫᱚ ᱜᱟᱝ ᱱᱟᱹᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ, ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ''ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱞᱟ'' ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref name=gazetteer/><ref name="banglapedia.org">{{cite book |last=Osmany |first=Shireen Hasan |year=2012 |chapter=Chittagong City |chapter-url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Chittagong_City |editor1-last=Islam |editor1-first=Sirajul |editor1-link=Sirajul Islam |editor2-last=Jamal |editor2-first=Ahmed A. |title=Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh |edition=Second |publisher=[[Asiatic Society of Bangladesh]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Bernoulli |first1=Jean |last2=Rennell |first2=James |last3=Anquetil-Duperron |first3=M. |last4=Tieffenthaller |first4=Joseph |date=1786 |title=Description historique et géographique de l'Inde |url=http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=nyp.33433003306010;view=image;seq=544 |volume=2 |location=Berlin |publisher=C. S. Spener |language=fr |page=408 |access-date=8 August 2015}}</ref> [[ᱨᱟᱠᱷᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ|ᱟᱨᱟᱠᱟᱱᱤᱡᱽ]] ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱩ-ᱞᱟ-ᱛᱟᱭᱤᱝ ᱥᱟᱱᱫᱟᱭᱟ (ᱥᱩᱞᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱤᱝ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ) ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱵᱮᱝᱜᱚᱞ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ, ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱫᱷᱤᱨᱤ ᱠᱷᱩᱱᱴᱤ ᱴᱨᱚᱯᱷᱤ/ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮᱭ ᱵᱤᱫ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ''ᱛᱥᱛ-ᱛᱟ-ᱜᱟᱣᱝ'' ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ᱾<ref name="A History of Chittagong">{{cite book |last=Quanungo |first=Suniti Bhushan |date=1988 |title=A History of Chittagong |volume=1 |location=Chittagong |publisher=Dipanka Quanungol Billan Printers |page=17}}</ref> == ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜ == ===ᱚᱛ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ=== [[File:Mohammad Yusuf Chowdhury Road from CRB hill (03).jpg|thumb|ᱴᱟᱭᱜᱟᱨᱯᱟᱥ ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱢᱢᱚᱫᱽ ᱤᱣᱥᱩᱯᱷ ᱪᱚᱣᱫᱷᱩᱨᱤ ᱥᱚᱲᱚᱠ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱩᱫᱟᱹᱦᱟᱹᱨᱚᱬ]] ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ {{Coord|22|20|06|N|91|49|57|E|type:city_region:BD}} ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ-ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱮ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ [[ᱠᱚᱨᱱᱚᱯᱷᱩᱞᱤ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ]] ᱫᱚ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱞᱤᱸᱜᱤᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱥᱮᱫ {{convert|12|km}} ᱥᱟᱺᱜᱤᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ [[ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱱᱟ]] ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱚᱝᱜᱚᱯᱥᱟᱜᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱩᱨᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱥᱤᱛᱟᱠᱩᱸᱰᱚ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱪᱚᱴ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱫᱚ {{convert|351|m}} ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref name="muhammadyunus.org">{{cite web |url=http://muhammadyunus.org/index.php/about-chittagong |title=About Chittagong |work=muhammadyunus.org |access-date=6 June 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150504052237/http://muhammadyunus.org/index.php/about-chittagong |archive-date=4 May 2015 |url-status=dead}}</ref> ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ, ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱪᱚᱴ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱴᱟᱞᱤ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱫᱚ {{convert|85.3|m}} ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱡᱷᱤᱞ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱜᱷᱚᱞ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱑᱙᱒᱔ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ, ᱟᱥᱟᱢ ᱵᱮᱝᱜᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱤᱧᱡᱤᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤᱝ ᱴᱤᱢ [[ᱯᱷᱚᱭᱮᱥ ᱞᱮᱠ]] ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ᱾<ref name="muhammadyunus.org"/> [[ᱜᱚᱝᱜᱟ]] (ᱥᱮ [[ᱯᱚᱫᱽᱫᱟ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ|ᱯᱚᱫᱽᱢᱟ]]) ᱟᱨ [[ᱵᱨᱚᱦᱢᱚᱯᱩᱛᱨᱚ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱹᱛᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱜᱤᱛᱤᱞ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱱ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱩᱣᱟᱹᱨ-ᱵᱷᱟᱴᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱚᱛ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Murray |first1=N.J. |last2=Clemens |first2=R.S. |last3=Phinn |first3=S.R. |last4=Possingham |first4=H.P. |last5=Fuller |first5=R.A. |title=Tracking the rapid loss of tidal wetlands in the Yellow Sea |journal=Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment |date=2014 |volume=12 |issue=5 |pages=267–272 |doi=10.1890/130260 |bibcode=2014FrEE...12..267M |url=https://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/60169/1/130260.pdf}}</ref> qisn4gne4cdyavf401a03k98h9p8qxb 193146 193145 2026-06-26T03:46:14Z ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱗ 1744 193146 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ}} {{Infobox settlement | name = ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ <!-- Do not change to Chattogram without discussion, see WP:COMMONNAME. --> | official_name = ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ | native_name = <small>{{nativename|bn|চট্টগ্রাম/চাটগাঁও}}</small> <br /> <small>{{nativename|ctg| চিটাং}}</small> | nicknames = ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ<br />ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ<br />ᱜᱮᱞ ᱵᱟᱨ [[ᱥᱩᱯᱷᱤ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱷ]] ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ | settlement_type = [[ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱚᱯᱚᱞᱤᱥ]] | image_skyline = {{multiple image | border = infobox | total_width = 300 | image_style = | perrow = 1/2/2/2/2/1 | image1 = Jamburi park, Agrabad, Chittagong 2.jpg | caption1 = [[ᱟᱜᱽᱨᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ|ᱟᱜᱽᱨᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ]] ᱥᱠᱟᱭᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ [[ᱡᱟᱢᱵᱩᱨᱤ ᱯᱟᱨᱠ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ | image2 = Chittagong War Cemetery 8.jpg | caption2 = [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱣᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱢᱮᱴᱨᱤ]] | image3 = Lake of Foy's Lake.jpg | caption3 = [[ᱯᱷᱚᱭᱥ ᱞᱮᱠ]] | image4 = Sunset at Patenga beach.jpg | caption4 = [[ᱯᱚᱛᱮᱝᱜᱟ]] | image5 = Central Railway Building (17233793446).jpg | caption5 = [[ᱥᱮᱱᱴᱨᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱵᱤᱞᱰᱤᱝ]] | image6 = Karnafully Bridge CHittagong (cropped).jpg | caption6 = [[ᱥᱟᱦ ᱟᱢᱟᱱᱚᱛ ᱵᱨᱤᱡᱽ]] }} | mapframe = yes | mapframe-zoom = 10 | seal_size = 100px | pushpin_map = Bangladesh Chittagong division#Bangladesh#South Asia#Asia#World | pushpin_label_position = centre | pushpin_map_caption = ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ | pushpin_mapsize = 260 | subdivision_type = ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ | subdivision_name = {{Country|ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ}} | subdivision_type1 = [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱠᱚ|ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ]] | subdivision_name1 = [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ|ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ]] | subdivision_type2 = [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚ|ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]] | subdivision_name2 = [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ|ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ]] | government_type = [[ᱢᱮᱭᱚᱨ-ᱠᱟᱣᱩᱱᱥᱤᱞ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ|ᱢᱮᱭᱚᱨ-ᱠᱟᱣᱩᱱᱥᱤᱞ]] | governing_body = {{nowrap|[[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱠᱚᱨᱯᱚᱨᱮᱥᱚᱱ]]}} | leader_title = [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱮᱭᱚᱨ|ᱢᱮᱭᱚᱨ]] | leader_name = [[ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱫᱚᱛ ᱦᱚᱥᱮᱱ (ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ)|ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱫᱚᱛ ᱦᱚᱥᱮᱱ]] ([[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱱᱮᱥᱱᱟᱞᱤᱥᱴ ᱯᱟᱨᱴᱤ|BNP]]) | leader_title1 = | leader_name1 = | leader_title2 = [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱠᱚᱨᱯᱚᱨᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱠᱟᱹ#ᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱠᱟᱣᱩᱱᱥᱤᱞ|ᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱠᱟᱣᱩᱱᱥᱤᱞ]] | leader_name2 = [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱠᱚᱨᱯᱚᱨᱮᱥᱚᱱ#ᱣᱟᱨᱰ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱣᱩᱱᱥᱤᱞᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ|᱔᱑ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ]] | leader_title3 = [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱝᱥᱚᱫᱽ|ᱥᱚᱝᱥᱚᱫᱽ]] | leader_name3 = [[ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱚᱝᱥᱚᱫᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱠᱟᱹ#ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ|᱖ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ]] | established_title = ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ | established_date = {{Start date and age|1340}} | established_title2 = ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱧᱟᱢ | established_date2 = {{start date and age|1863}}<ref name="ccc history">{{cite web |url=http://www.ccc.org.bd/history |title=History of Chittagong City Corporation |publisher=[[Chittagong City Corporation]] |access-date=26 May 2013 |archive-date=13 August 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130813193710/http://ccc.org.bd/history |url-status=dead}}</ref> | established_title3 = <!-- Incorporated (city) --> | unit_pref = <!--Enter: Imperial, if Imperial (metric) is desired--> | area_footnotes = <ref name="bbspaurashava">{{cite web |url=http://www.bbs.gov.bd/dataindex/census/municip.pdf |title=Area, Population and Literacy Rate by Paurashava −2001 |publisher=[[Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics]] |access-date=18 September 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070610054152/http://www.bbs.gov.bd/dataindex/census/municip.pdf |archive-date=10 June 2007 |url-status=dead}}</ref> | area_total_km2 = 168.07 | area_land_km2 = <!--See table @ Template:Infobox settlement for details on automatic unit conversion--> | area_urban_km2 = 302.11 | area_metro_km2 = 615.37 | population_as_of = [[᱒᱐᱒᱒ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ|᱒᱐᱒᱒]] | population_total = 3230507<ref>{{cite web | title=Chittagong (City Corporation, Bangladesh) - Population Statistics, Charts, Map and Location | url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/bangladesh/admin/chittagong/1516__chittagong/ }}</ref> | population_density_km2 = | population_metro = 5653000<ref>{{cite web | title=Chittagong, Bangladesh Metro Area Population (1950-2025) | MacroTrends | url=https://www.macrotrends.net/global-metrics/cities/20115/chittagong/population }}</ref> | population_density_metro_km2 = auto | population_urban = 5253312<ref>{{cite web | title=Chattogram, Bangladesh Population (2025) - Population Stat | url=https://populationstat.com/bangladesh/chattogram }}</ref> | population_density_urban_km2 = auto | population_demonym = [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ|ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟᱱ]], [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ|ᱥᱤᱴᱟᱭᱤᱝᱜᱟ]], [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ|ᱪᱟᱴᱜᱟᱹᱭᱭᱟ]] | population_blank1_title = ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱸᱠ | population_blank1 = [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱠᱟᱹ|ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱒ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ]] | population_blank2_title = ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱚ ᱨᱮᱸᱠ | population_blank2 = [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱠᱚᱨᱯᱚᱨᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱠᱟᱹ|ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱒ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ]];<br />[[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ#ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱚ|ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱓ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ]]; | timezone = [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ|ᱵᱤ.ᱮᱥ.ᱴᱤ]] | utc_offset = +6 | coordinates = {{coord|22|20|06|N|91|49|57|E|region:BD-B_city(2581643)|display=inline,title}} | elevation_footnotes = <!--for references: use<ref> </ref> tags--> | elevation_m = 29 | elevation_ft = 95 | postal_code_type = [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱳᱥᱴᱟᱞ ᱠᱳᱰ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱠᱟᱹ|ᱯᱳᱥᱴᱟᱞ ᱠᱳᱰ]] | postal_code = 4000, 4100, 42xx | area_code_type = [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱮᱞᱤᱯᱷᱳᱱ ᱱᱚᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ|ᱠᱚᱞᱤᱝ ᱠᱳᱰ]] | area_code = +880 31 | demographics_type1 = [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ|ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ]] | demographics1_title1 = ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ | demographics1_info1 = [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ]]{{*}}[[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥᱤ ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ|ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ]] | demographics1_title2 = ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ | demographics1_info2 = [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟᱱ]] | demographics_type2 = | demographics2_footnotes = <ref name="বাংলাদেশ পরিসংখ্যান ব্যুরো">{{cite web | url=https://bbs.portal.gov.bd/site/page/b432a7e5-8b4d-4dac-a76c-a9be4e85828c | title=বাংলাদেশ পরিসংখ্যান ব্যুরো }}</ref> | demographics2_title1 = | demographics2_info1 = | blank_name_sec1 = [[ᱭᱩᱮᱱ/ᱞᱳᱠᱳᱰ (UN/LOCODE)]] | blank_info_sec1 = BD CGP | blank1_name_sec1 = {{nowrap|[[ᱡᱤᱰᱤᱯᱤ (GDP)]]}} (᱒᱐᱒᱖) | blank1_info_sec1 = [[ᱡᱤᱰᱤᱯᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱠᱟᱹ (PPP)|PPP]]<br />{{IncreasePositive}} $᱒᱓᱐.᱖ ᱵᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ<br />[[ᱡᱤᱰᱤᱯᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱠᱟᱹ (ᱱᱳᱢᱤᱱᱟᱞ)|ᱱᱳᱢᱤᱱᱟᱞ]]<br /> {{IncreasePositive}} $᱖᱑.᱓ ᱵᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ<ref>{{cite web |title=World Economic Outlook Database: Bangladesh (April 2026) |url=https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2026/April |publisher=International Monetary Fund }}</ref> | blank3_name_sec1 = [[ᱦᱤᱣᱢᱮᱱ ᱰᱮᱵᱷᱮᱞᱚᱯᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱤᱱᱰᱮᱠᱥ|HDI]] (᱒᱐᱒᱓) | blank3_info_sec1 = ᱐.᱖᱙᱕<br /> {{color|#FFD633|ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱢᱟᱞᱟ}} · [[ᱦᱤᱣᱢᱮᱱ ᱰᱮᱵᱷᱮᱞᱚᱯᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱤᱱᱰᱮᱠᱥ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱠᱟᱹ|᱒᱒ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱘ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ]] | blank4_name_sec1 = [[ᱯᱩᱞᱤᱥ]] | blank4_info_sec1 = [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱚᱯᱚᱞᱤᱴᱟᱱ ᱯᱩᱞᱤᱥ]] | blank5_name_sec1 = [[ᱡᱮᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ]] | blank5_info_sec1 = [[ᱥᱟᱦ ᱟᱢᱟᱱᱚᱛ ᱡᱮᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ]] | blank6_name_sec1 = ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱚᱯᱚᱞᱤᱴᱟᱱ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱤᱝ ᱚᱛᱷᱚᱨᱤᱴᱤ | blank6_info_sec1 = [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱰᱮᱵᱷᱮᱞᱚᱯᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱚᱛᱷᱚᱨᱤᱴᱤ]] | blank7_name_sec1 = ᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱯᱞᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱣᱟᱨᱮᱡᱽ ᱚᱛᱷᱚᱨᱤᱴᱤ | blank7_info_sec1 = [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱣᱟᱥᱟ (WASA)]] | website = {{URL|ccc.gov.bd}} | blank_emblem_size = 150px | blank_emblem_type = ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱠᱚᱨᱯᱚᱨᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱥᱤᱞ | image_seal = | seal_alt = ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱠᱚᱨᱯᱚᱨᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱥᱤᱞ | leader_party = | registration_plate = [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱨᱮᱡᱤᱥᱴᱨᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱯᱞᱮᱴ ᱠᱚ|CHATTO METRO -X-XX-XXXX ᱥᱮ CHATTOGRAM -X-XX-XXXX]] }} '''ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|tʃ|ɪ|t|ə|ɡ|ɒ|ŋ}} {{respell|CHIT|ə|gong}}),<ref name="dictionary1">{{cite web |title=Definition of Chittagong |url=https://www.dictionary.com/browse/chittagong |access-date=23 February 2022 |website=Dictionary.com |language=en}}</ref> [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱠᱟᱹ|ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ]] '''ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ'''<ref name="dt2Apr2018" /> ({{langx|bn|চট্টগ্রাম|Côṭṭôgrām}}, {{IPA|bn|ˈt͡ʃɔʈːoɡram|IPA|LL-Q9610 (ben)-Yahya-চট্টগ্রাম.wav}}, ᱥᱮᱨᱣᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ {{langx|bn|চাটগাঁও|Cāṭgão}}; {{langx|ctg|চিটাং|Sitang}}), ᱫᱚ [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱠᱟᱹ|ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ]] ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ]] ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱟᱨ [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱵᱷᱤᱲ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref name="thedailystar.net" /> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ|ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ|ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱪᱟᱪᱞᱟᱣ ᱢᱟᱹᱪᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ [[ᱠᱚᱨᱱᱚᱯᱷᱩᱞᱤ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ]] ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱮ ᱨᱮ [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ]] ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱒᱐᱒᱒ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ, ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱙.᱒ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web |title=Chittagong · Population |url=https://www.macrotrends.net/cities/20115/chittagong/population |access-date=30 April 2022 |website=population.city}}</ref> ᱒᱐᱒᱒ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ, ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱕.᱖ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bangladesh: Districts and Cities - Population Statistics, Maps, Charts, Weather and Web Information |url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/bangladesh/cities/ |access-date=2024-08-31 |website=www.citypopulation.de}}</ref> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱳᱨᱴ ᱦᱟᱵᱽ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱟ, ᱡᱩᱴ, ᱟᱨ ᱯᱮᱴᱨᱚᱞᱤᱭᱚᱢ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱡᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Chittagong|title=Chittagong|publisher=[[Britannica]]|access-date=June 15, 2026}}</ref> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱴᱷᱟᱶᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ|ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ]] ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱮ ᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟ᱾ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ [[ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ|ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱨᱵᱚᱨ]] ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ,<ref name="auto1">{{Cite book |last1=Ring |first1=Trudy |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=voerPYsAB5wC&q=chittagong+ptolemy&pg=PA186 |title=Asia and Oceania: International Dictionary of Historic Places |last2=Watson |first2=Noelle |last3=Schellinger |first3=Paul |date=12 November 2012 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-136-63979-1 |language=en}}</ref> ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ [[ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱜᱨᱤᱥ|ᱜᱨᱤᱠ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱨᱳᱢ|ᱨᱳᱢᱟᱱ]] ᱢᱮᱯ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ [[ᱴᱚᱞᱮᱢᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱢᱮᱯ]] ᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ [[ᱥᱤᱞᱠ ᱨᱳᱰ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱰᱟᱹᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱙ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ, [[ᱟᱵᱽᱵᱟᱥᱤᱫᱽ ᱠᱷᱟᱞᱤᱯᱷᱟᱛ]] ᱨᱤᱱ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ᱾<ref name="bp-arabs" /><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Islam |first1=Shariful |last2=Hoque |first2=Muhammad Manirul |title=Unpublished Umayyad and Abbasid Silver Coins in the Bangladesh National Museum |url=https://www.asiaticsociety.org.bd/journal/H_DEC_2017/4_H_Shariful%20%20%26%20Monir.pdf |journal=Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bangladesh |volume=62 |issue=2 |date=December 2017 |pages=205–231 |access-date=9 March 2022 |archive-date=9 October 2022 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://www.asiaticsociety.org.bd/journal/H_DEC_2017/4_H_Shariful%20%20&%20Monir.pdf |url-status=dead}}</ref> ᱑᱔ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱥᱞᱤᱢ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱱᱠᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ [[ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ ᱥᱩᱞᱛᱟᱱᱟᱛ]], [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱥᱩᱞᱛᱟᱱᱟᱛ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱢᱩᱜᱚᱞ ᱥᱟᱢᱨᱟᱡᱽ]] ᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ [[ᱴᱟᱠᱥᱟᱞ (ᱥᱩᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟ)|ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱴᱟᱠᱥᱟᱞ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web |url=https://en.banglapedia.org/index.php/Mint_Towns |title=Mint Towns |website=[[Banglapedia]] |date=5 August 2021 |access-date=16 March 2022}}</ref> ᱑᱕ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱑᱗ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ, ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ [[ᱟᱨᱟᱠᱟᱱ]] ᱨᱮ ᱪᱟᱪᱞᱟᱣ, ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ, ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱱᱦᱟ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱓᱕᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱤᱡ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱤ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱑᱖ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱚᱨᱛᱩᱜᱤᱡᱽ ᱵᱟᱥᱟ|ᱯᱚᱨᱛᱩᱜᱤᱡᱽ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ]] ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ [[ᱡᱳᱣᱟᱣ ᱰᱮ ᱵᱟᱨᱳᱥ]] ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ "ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱨᱟᱡᱚᱥᱴᱷᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱹᱬ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ" ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮᱭ ᱵᱚᱨᱱᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web |title=Chittagong {{!}} History, Population, & Facts |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Chittagong |access-date=23 February 2022 |website=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]] |language=en}}</ref> ᱢᱩᱜᱚᱞ ᱥᱟᱢᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱖᱖᱖ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱚᱨᱛᱩᱜᱤᱡᱽ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱨᱟᱠᱟᱱᱤᱡᱽ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱞᱟᱜᱟ ᱠᱮᱫ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ᱾ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱱᱚᱣᱟᱵᱽ|ᱱᱚᱣᱟᱵᱽ]] ᱑᱗᱙᱓ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ [[ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱤᱥᱴ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ]] ᱮᱢᱟᱫ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱭ᱾ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱘ᱰ᱗ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚᱦᱲᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱵᱷᱤᱲ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱡᱽ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱫᱚ [[ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱵᱚᱨᱢᱟ]] ᱥᱟᱶ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱑᱙᱒᱘ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ, ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ [[ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ "ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ" ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱜᱷᱚᱥᱱᱟ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ [[ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ]] ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ, ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ [[ᱵᱚᱨᱢᱟ ᱚᱵᱷᱤᱡᱟᱱ]] ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ [[ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱢᱤᱛᱨᱚ ᱯᱷᱟᱹᱫᱽ|ᱢᱤᱛᱨᱚ ᱯᱷᱟᱹᱫᱽ]] ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱷᱟᱹᱴᱤ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱑᱙᱔᱐ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱥᱚᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱠᱷᱟᱱᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱠᱟᱭᱛᱮ [[ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ]] ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ [[ᱟᱥᱟᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱯᱟᱠᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱴᱟᱨᱢᱤᱱᱟᱥ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱑᱙᱗᱑ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ]] ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ, ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥᱤ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱜᱷᱚᱥᱱᱟ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ [[ᱦᱟᱢᱟᱞ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱜᱟᱲ]], ᱞᱚᱡᱤᱥᱴᱤᱠᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱞᱟᱵᱽ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟ᱾ ᱑᱙᱙᱐ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱥᱚᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱨᱮᱰ ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱᱤᱡᱚᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱰᱤᱯᱤ (GDP) ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱑᱒% ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱔᱐% ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱜᱟᱲ ᱟᱨᱡᱟᱣ, ᱘᱐% [[ᱡᱮᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ]], ᱟᱨ ᱕᱐% [[ᱠᱷᱟᱡᱽᱱᱟ]] ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ [[ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱤᱲ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱱᱮᱵᱷᱤ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱵᱤᱮᱱᱮᱥ ᱤᱥᱟ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ|ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱵᱮᱥ]] ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱯᱷᱚᱨᱥ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱵᱮᱥ, [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱟᱨᱢᱤ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱮᱨᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱠᱳᱥᱴ ᱜᱟᱨᱰ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱵᱮᱥ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱡᱳᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱴᱚᱠ ᱮᱠᱥᱪᱮᱸᱡᱽ]] ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱥᱴᱚᱠ ᱢᱟᱨᱠᱮᱴ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱗᱐᱐ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ᱾ [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱪᱟ ᱱᱤᱞᱟᱢ]] ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ [[ᱠᱚᱢᱚᱰᱤᱴᱤ ᱮᱠᱥᱪᱮᱸᱡᱽ]] ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱟ ᱟᱨᱡᱟᱣ|ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥᱤ ᱪᱟ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱮᱫᱼᱟ᱾ [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱳᱨᱴ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱮᱥᱤᱝ ᱡᱳᱱ|CEPZ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱠᱚᱨᱱᱚᱯᱷᱩᱞᱤ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱳᱨᱴ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱮᱥᱤᱝ ᱡᱳᱱ|KEPZ]] ᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱫᱮᱥᱤ ᱥᱚᱡᱷᱮ ᱤᱱᱵᱷᱮᱥᱴᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱜᱟᱲ ᱡᱳᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ [[ᱥᱟᱦ ᱟᱢᱟᱱᱚᱛ ᱡᱮᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ]] ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ [[ᱠᱚᱨᱱᱚᱯᱷᱩᱞᱤ ᱴᱚᱱᱮᱞ]], ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱠᱞᱟ [[ᱫᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱴᱚᱱᱮᱞ|ᱫᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱲᱚᱠ ᱴᱚᱱᱮᱞ]], ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ, ᱱᱳᱵᱮᱞ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ [[ᱢᱩᱦᱟᱢᱢᱚᱫᱽ ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱩᱥ]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/2006/yunus/facts/|title=Muhammad Yunus|website=nobelprize.org|access-date=June 15, 2026}}</ref>, ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ, ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ [[ᱢᱩᱥᱞᱤᱢ]] ᱥᱟᱸᱜᱮ ᱮᱞ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ, ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥᱤ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱥᱤᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ [[ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ ᱠᱚ|ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ]], [[ᱤᱥᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱚ|ᱤᱥᱟᱹᱭ]], [[ᱪᱟᱠᱢᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ|ᱪᱟᱠᱢᱟ]], [[ᱢᱟᱨᱢᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ|ᱢᱟᱨᱢᱟ]], [[ᱵᱚᱨᱩᱣᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ|ᱵᱚᱨᱩᱣᱟ]], [[ᱛᱨᱤᱯᱩᱨᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ|ᱛᱨᱤᱯᱩᱨᱤ]], [[ᱜᱟᱨᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ|ᱜᱟᱨᱚ]] ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ᱾ ==ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ== {{main|ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱠᱚ}} ''ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ'' ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ|ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ]] ᱫᱚ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref name=gazetteer>{{cite book |last=O'Malley |first=L.S.S. |date=1908 |title=Chittagong |url=http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc1.b2878583;view=1up;seq=19 |series=Eastern Bengal District Gazetteers |volume=11A |location=Calcutta |publisher=The Bengal Secretariat Book Depot |page=1 |access-date=8 August 2015}}</ref> ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ, ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ''ᱪᱟᱴᱤᱜᱟᱶ'', ''ᱪᱟᱴᱤᱜᱟᱢ'', ''ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢᱟ'', ''ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ'', ''ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱞᱟ'', ''ᱪᱚᱭᱛᱭᱚᱵᱷᱩᱢᱤ'' ᱟᱨ ''ᱯᱳᱨᱴᱳ ᱜᱨᱟᱱᱰᱮ ᱰᱮ ᱵᱮᱝᱜᱟᱞᱟ''᱾<ref>{{cite news |title=Bangladesh changes English spellings of five districts |url=https://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/bangladesh-changes-english-spellings-of-five-districts |work=[[bdnews24.com]] |date=2 April 2018}}</ref> ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ, ''ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ (চট্টগ্রাম)'', ᱨᱮ "''-ᱜᱨᱟᱢ''" (গ্রাম) ᱛᱚᱸᱜᱮᱱ (ᱯᱚᱛᱛᱚᱭ) ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ ᱫᱚ [[ᱢᱟᱱᱚᱠ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ|ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ]] ᱛᱮ "ᱟᱹᱛᱩ" ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱴᱮᱨᱚᱜ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱚᱭᱛᱭᱚ ᱥᱮ ᱵᱩᱫᱫᱷᱚ ᱢᱚᱴᱷ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱥᱟᱸᱜᱮ ᱵᱩᱫᱫᱷᱚ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱢᱩᱜᱚᱞ ᱡᱩᱜᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ''ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ (ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ)'' ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱤᱛ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱞ ᱒᱐᱑᱘ ᱨᱮ, [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ|ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱟᱜ]] [[ᱠᱮᱵᱤᱱᱮᱴ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ]] ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟᱭ;<ref name="dt2Apr2018">{{cite news |url=https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/142256/mixed-reactions-as-govt-changes-english-spellings|title=Mixed reactions as govt changes English spellings of 5 district names |work=[[Dhaka Tribune]] |date=2 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240206234258/https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/142256/mixed-reactions-as-govt-changes-english-spellings |archive-date=6 February 2024 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://thefinancialexpress.com.bd/public/index.php/trade/experts-warn-of-trade-hits-from-renaming-chittagong-1522644725 |title=Experts warn of trade hits from renaming Chittagong |work=[[The Financial Express (Bangladesh)]] |access-date=21 March 2019 |archive-date=30 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211130225309/https://thefinancialexpress.com.bd/public/index.php/trade/experts-warn-of-trade-hits-from-renaming-chittagong-1522644725 |url-status=dead}}</ref> ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥᱤ ᱢᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱤᱨᱳᱫᱷ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite news |last=Chowdhury |first=Umran |title=From a commercial capital to a village |url=https://www.dhakatribune.com/opinion/op-ed/142537/from-a-commercial-capital-to-a-village |work=[[Dhaka Tribune]] |date=5 April 2018 |type=Opinion}}</ref> ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱚᱨᱱᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱟᱨᱚᱵᱽ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ''ᱥᱟᱛ ᱟᱞ ᱜᱷᱟᱝᱜᱷ'' ({{langx|ar|شط الغنغ}}) ᱠᱚ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ''ᱥᱟᱛ'' ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ ᱫᱚ "ᱫᱤᱯ (Delta)" ᱟᱨ ''ᱜᱷᱟᱝᱜᱷ'' ᱫᱚ ᱜᱟᱝ ᱱᱟᱹᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ, ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ''ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱞᱟ'' ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref name=gazetteer/><ref name="banglapedia.org">{{cite book |last=Osmany |first=Shireen Hasan |year=2012 |chapter=Chittagong City |chapter-url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Chittagong_City |editor1-last=Islam |editor1-first=Sirajul |editor1-link=Sirajul Islam |editor2-last=Jamal |editor2-first=Ahmed A. |title=Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh |edition=Second |publisher=[[Asiatic Society of Bangladesh]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Bernoulli |first1=Jean |last2=Rennell |first2=James |last3=Anquetil-Duperron |first3=M. |last4=Tieffenthaller |first4=Joseph |date=1786 |title=Description historique et géographique de l'Inde |url=http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=nyp.33433003306010;view=image;seq=544 |volume=2 |location=Berlin |publisher=C. S. Spener |language=fr |page=408 |access-date=8 August 2015}}</ref> [[ᱨᱟᱠᱷᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ|ᱟᱨᱟᱠᱟᱱᱤᱡᱽ]] ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱩ-ᱞᱟ-ᱛᱟᱭᱤᱝ ᱥᱟᱱᱫᱟᱭᱟ (ᱥᱩᱞᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱤᱝ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ) ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱵᱮᱝᱜᱚᱞ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ, ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱫᱷᱤᱨᱤ ᱠᱷᱩᱱᱴᱤ ᱴᱨᱚᱯᱷᱤ/ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮᱭ ᱵᱤᱫ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ''ᱛᱥᱛ-ᱛᱟ-ᱜᱟᱣᱝ'' ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ᱾<ref name="A History of Chittagong">{{cite book |last=Quanungo |first=Suniti Bhushan |date=1988 |title=A History of Chittagong |volume=1 |location=Chittagong |publisher=Dipanka Quanungol Billan Printers |page=17}}</ref> == ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜ == ===ᱚᱛ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ=== [[File:Mohammad Yusuf Chowdhury Road from CRB hill (03).jpg|thumb|ᱴᱟᱭᱜᱟᱨᱯᱟᱥ ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱢᱢᱚᱫᱽ ᱤᱣᱥᱩᱯᱷ ᱪᱚᱣᱫᱷᱩᱨᱤ ᱥᱚᱲᱚᱠ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱩᱫᱟᱹᱦᱟᱹᱨᱚᱬ]] ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ {{Coord|22|20|06|N|91|49|57|E|type:city_region:BD}} ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ-ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱮ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ [[ᱠᱚᱨᱱᱚᱯᱷᱩᱞᱤ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ]] ᱫᱚ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱞᱤᱸᱜᱤᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱥᱮᱫ {{convert|12|km}} ᱥᱟᱺᱜᱤᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ [[ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱱᱟ]] ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱚᱝᱜᱚᱯᱥᱟᱜᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱩᱨᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱥᱤᱛᱟᱠᱩᱸᱰᱚ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱪᱚᱴ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱫᱚ {{convert|351|m}} ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref name="muhammadyunus.org">{{cite web |url=http://muhammadyunus.org/index.php/about-chittagong |title=About Chittagong |work=muhammadyunus.org |access-date=6 June 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150504052237/http://muhammadyunus.org/index.php/about-chittagong |archive-date=4 May 2015 |url-status=dead}}</ref> ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ, ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱪᱚᱴ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱴᱟᱞᱤ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱫᱚ {{convert|85.3|m}} ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱡᱷᱤᱞ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱜᱷᱚᱞ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱑᱙᱒᱔ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ, ᱟᱥᱟᱢ ᱵᱮᱝᱜᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱤᱧᱡᱤᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤᱝ ᱴᱤᱢ [[ᱯᱷᱚᱭᱮᱥ ᱞᱮᱠ]] ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ᱾<ref name="muhammadyunus.org"/> [[ᱜᱚᱝᱜᱟ]] (ᱥᱮ [[ᱯᱚᱫᱽᱫᱟ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ|ᱯᱚᱫᱽᱢᱟ]]) ᱟᱨ [[ᱵᱨᱚᱦᱢᱚᱯᱩᱛᱨᱚ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱹᱛᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱜᱤᱛᱤᱞ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱱ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱩᱣᱟᱹᱨ-ᱵᱷᱟᱴᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱚᱛ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Murray |first1=N.J. |last2=Clemens |first2=R.S. |last3=Phinn |first3=S.R. |last4=Possingham |first4=H.P. |last5=Fuller |first5=R.A. |title=Tracking the rapid loss of tidal wetlands in the Yellow Sea |journal=Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment |date=2014 |volume=12 |issue=5 |pages=267–272 |doi=10.1890/130260 |bibcode=2014FrEE...12..267M |url=https://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/60169/1/130260.pdf}}</ref> 74kpei42fvqonkolhb3lpoedkk29u4s 193147 193146 2026-06-26T03:49:26Z ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱗ 1744 /* ᱚᱛ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ */ 193147 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ}} {{Infobox settlement | name = ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ <!-- Do not change to Chattogram without discussion, see WP:COMMONNAME. --> | official_name = ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ | native_name = <small>{{nativename|bn|চট্টগ্রাম/চাটগাঁও}}</small> <br /> <small>{{nativename|ctg| চিটাং}}</small> | nicknames = ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ<br />ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ<br />ᱜᱮᱞ ᱵᱟᱨ [[ᱥᱩᱯᱷᱤ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱷ]] ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ | settlement_type = [[ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱚᱯᱚᱞᱤᱥ]] | image_skyline = {{multiple image | border = infobox | total_width = 300 | image_style = | perrow = 1/2/2/2/2/1 | image1 = Jamburi park, Agrabad, Chittagong 2.jpg | caption1 = [[ᱟᱜᱽᱨᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ|ᱟᱜᱽᱨᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ]] ᱥᱠᱟᱭᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ [[ᱡᱟᱢᱵᱩᱨᱤ ᱯᱟᱨᱠ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ | image2 = Chittagong War Cemetery 8.jpg | caption2 = [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱣᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱢᱮᱴᱨᱤ]] | image3 = Lake of Foy's Lake.jpg | caption3 = [[ᱯᱷᱚᱭᱥ ᱞᱮᱠ]] | image4 = Sunset at Patenga beach.jpg | caption4 = [[ᱯᱚᱛᱮᱝᱜᱟ]] | image5 = Central Railway Building (17233793446).jpg | caption5 = [[ᱥᱮᱱᱴᱨᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱵᱤᱞᱰᱤᱝ]] | image6 = Karnafully Bridge CHittagong (cropped).jpg | caption6 = [[ᱥᱟᱦ ᱟᱢᱟᱱᱚᱛ ᱵᱨᱤᱡᱽ]] }} | mapframe = yes | mapframe-zoom = 10 | seal_size = 100px | pushpin_map = Bangladesh Chittagong division#Bangladesh#South Asia#Asia#World | pushpin_label_position = centre | pushpin_map_caption = ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ | pushpin_mapsize = 260 | subdivision_type = ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ | subdivision_name = {{Country|ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ}} | subdivision_type1 = [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱠᱚ|ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ]] | subdivision_name1 = [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ|ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ]] | subdivision_type2 = [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚ|ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]] | subdivision_name2 = [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ|ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ]] | government_type = [[ᱢᱮᱭᱚᱨ-ᱠᱟᱣᱩᱱᱥᱤᱞ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ|ᱢᱮᱭᱚᱨ-ᱠᱟᱣᱩᱱᱥᱤᱞ]] | governing_body = {{nowrap|[[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱠᱚᱨᱯᱚᱨᱮᱥᱚᱱ]]}} | leader_title = [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱮᱭᱚᱨ|ᱢᱮᱭᱚᱨ]] | leader_name = [[ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱫᱚᱛ ᱦᱚᱥᱮᱱ (ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ)|ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱫᱚᱛ ᱦᱚᱥᱮᱱ]] ([[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱱᱮᱥᱱᱟᱞᱤᱥᱴ ᱯᱟᱨᱴᱤ|BNP]]) | leader_title1 = | leader_name1 = | leader_title2 = [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱠᱚᱨᱯᱚᱨᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱠᱟᱹ#ᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱠᱟᱣᱩᱱᱥᱤᱞ|ᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱠᱟᱣᱩᱱᱥᱤᱞ]] | leader_name2 = [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱠᱚᱨᱯᱚᱨᱮᱥᱚᱱ#ᱣᱟᱨᱰ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱣᱩᱱᱥᱤᱞᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ|᱔᱑ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ]] | leader_title3 = [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱝᱥᱚᱫᱽ|ᱥᱚᱝᱥᱚᱫᱽ]] | leader_name3 = [[ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱚᱝᱥᱚᱫᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱠᱟᱹ#ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ|᱖ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ]] | established_title = ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ | established_date = {{Start date and age|1340}} | established_title2 = ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱧᱟᱢ | established_date2 = {{start date and age|1863}}<ref name="ccc history">{{cite web |url=http://www.ccc.org.bd/history |title=History of Chittagong City Corporation |publisher=[[Chittagong City Corporation]] |access-date=26 May 2013 |archive-date=13 August 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130813193710/http://ccc.org.bd/history |url-status=dead}}</ref> | established_title3 = <!-- Incorporated (city) --> | unit_pref = <!--Enter: Imperial, if Imperial (metric) is desired--> | area_footnotes = <ref name="bbspaurashava">{{cite web |url=http://www.bbs.gov.bd/dataindex/census/municip.pdf |title=Area, Population and Literacy Rate by Paurashava −2001 |publisher=[[Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics]] |access-date=18 September 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070610054152/http://www.bbs.gov.bd/dataindex/census/municip.pdf |archive-date=10 June 2007 |url-status=dead}}</ref> | area_total_km2 = 168.07 | area_land_km2 = <!--See table @ Template:Infobox settlement for details on automatic unit conversion--> | area_urban_km2 = 302.11 | area_metro_km2 = 615.37 | population_as_of = [[᱒᱐᱒᱒ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ|᱒᱐᱒᱒]] | population_total = 3230507<ref>{{cite web | title=Chittagong (City Corporation, Bangladesh) - Population Statistics, Charts, Map and Location | url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/bangladesh/admin/chittagong/1516__chittagong/ }}</ref> | population_density_km2 = | population_metro = 5653000<ref>{{cite web | title=Chittagong, Bangladesh Metro Area Population (1950-2025) | MacroTrends | url=https://www.macrotrends.net/global-metrics/cities/20115/chittagong/population }}</ref> | population_density_metro_km2 = auto | population_urban = 5253312<ref>{{cite web | title=Chattogram, Bangladesh Population (2025) - Population Stat | url=https://populationstat.com/bangladesh/chattogram }}</ref> | population_density_urban_km2 = auto | population_demonym = [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ|ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟᱱ]], [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ|ᱥᱤᱴᱟᱭᱤᱝᱜᱟ]], [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ|ᱪᱟᱴᱜᱟᱹᱭᱭᱟ]] | population_blank1_title = ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱸᱠ | population_blank1 = [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱠᱟᱹ|ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱒ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ]] | population_blank2_title = ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱚ ᱨᱮᱸᱠ | population_blank2 = [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱠᱚᱨᱯᱚᱨᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱠᱟᱹ|ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱒ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ]];<br />[[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ#ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱚ|ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱓ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ]]; | timezone = [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ|ᱵᱤ.ᱮᱥ.ᱴᱤ]] | utc_offset = +6 | coordinates = {{coord|22|20|06|N|91|49|57|E|region:BD-B_city(2581643)|display=inline,title}} | elevation_footnotes = <!--for references: use<ref> </ref> tags--> | elevation_m = 29 | elevation_ft = 95 | postal_code_type = [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱳᱥᱴᱟᱞ ᱠᱳᱰ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱠᱟᱹ|ᱯᱳᱥᱴᱟᱞ ᱠᱳᱰ]] | postal_code = 4000, 4100, 42xx | area_code_type = [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱮᱞᱤᱯᱷᱳᱱ ᱱᱚᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ|ᱠᱚᱞᱤᱝ ᱠᱳᱰ]] | area_code = +880 31 | demographics_type1 = [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ|ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ]] | demographics1_title1 = ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ | demographics1_info1 = [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ]]{{*}}[[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥᱤ ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ|ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ]] | demographics1_title2 = ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ | demographics1_info2 = [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟᱱ]] | demographics_type2 = | demographics2_footnotes = <ref name="বাংলাদেশ পরিসংখ্যান ব্যুরো">{{cite web | url=https://bbs.portal.gov.bd/site/page/b432a7e5-8b4d-4dac-a76c-a9be4e85828c | title=বাংলাদেশ পরিসংখ্যান ব্যুরো }}</ref> | demographics2_title1 = | demographics2_info1 = | blank_name_sec1 = [[ᱭᱩᱮᱱ/ᱞᱳᱠᱳᱰ (UN/LOCODE)]] | blank_info_sec1 = BD CGP | blank1_name_sec1 = {{nowrap|[[ᱡᱤᱰᱤᱯᱤ (GDP)]]}} (᱒᱐᱒᱖) | blank1_info_sec1 = [[ᱡᱤᱰᱤᱯᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱠᱟᱹ (PPP)|PPP]]<br />{{IncreasePositive}} $᱒᱓᱐.᱖ ᱵᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ<br />[[ᱡᱤᱰᱤᱯᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱠᱟᱹ (ᱱᱳᱢᱤᱱᱟᱞ)|ᱱᱳᱢᱤᱱᱟᱞ]]<br /> {{IncreasePositive}} $᱖᱑.᱓ ᱵᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ<ref>{{cite web |title=World Economic Outlook Database: Bangladesh (April 2026) |url=https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2026/April |publisher=International Monetary Fund }}</ref> | blank3_name_sec1 = [[ᱦᱤᱣᱢᱮᱱ ᱰᱮᱵᱷᱮᱞᱚᱯᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱤᱱᱰᱮᱠᱥ|HDI]] (᱒᱐᱒᱓) | blank3_info_sec1 = ᱐.᱖᱙᱕<br /> {{color|#FFD633|ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱢᱟᱞᱟ}} · [[ᱦᱤᱣᱢᱮᱱ ᱰᱮᱵᱷᱮᱞᱚᱯᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱤᱱᱰᱮᱠᱥ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱠᱟᱹ|᱒᱒ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱘ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ]] | blank4_name_sec1 = [[ᱯᱩᱞᱤᱥ]] | blank4_info_sec1 = [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱚᱯᱚᱞᱤᱴᱟᱱ ᱯᱩᱞᱤᱥ]] | blank5_name_sec1 = [[ᱡᱮᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ]] | blank5_info_sec1 = [[ᱥᱟᱦ ᱟᱢᱟᱱᱚᱛ ᱡᱮᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ]] | blank6_name_sec1 = ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱚᱯᱚᱞᱤᱴᱟᱱ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱤᱝ ᱚᱛᱷᱚᱨᱤᱴᱤ | blank6_info_sec1 = [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱰᱮᱵᱷᱮᱞᱚᱯᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱚᱛᱷᱚᱨᱤᱴᱤ]] | blank7_name_sec1 = ᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱯᱞᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱣᱟᱨᱮᱡᱽ ᱚᱛᱷᱚᱨᱤᱴᱤ | blank7_info_sec1 = [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱣᱟᱥᱟ (WASA)]] | website = {{URL|ccc.gov.bd}} | blank_emblem_size = 150px | blank_emblem_type = ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱠᱚᱨᱯᱚᱨᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱥᱤᱞ | image_seal = | seal_alt = ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱠᱚᱨᱯᱚᱨᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱥᱤᱞ | leader_party = | registration_plate = [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱨᱮᱡᱤᱥᱴᱨᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱯᱞᱮᱴ ᱠᱚ|CHATTO METRO -X-XX-XXXX ᱥᱮ CHATTOGRAM -X-XX-XXXX]] }} '''ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|tʃ|ɪ|t|ə|ɡ|ɒ|ŋ}} {{respell|CHIT|ə|gong}}),<ref name="dictionary1">{{cite web |title=Definition of Chittagong |url=https://www.dictionary.com/browse/chittagong |access-date=23 February 2022 |website=Dictionary.com |language=en}}</ref> [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱠᱟᱹ|ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ]] '''ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ'''<ref name="dt2Apr2018" /> ({{langx|bn|চট্টগ্রাম|Côṭṭôgrām}}, {{IPA|bn|ˈt͡ʃɔʈːoɡram|IPA|LL-Q9610 (ben)-Yahya-চট্টগ্রাম.wav}}, ᱥᱮᱨᱣᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ {{langx|bn|চাটগাঁও|Cāṭgão}}; {{langx|ctg|চিটাং|Sitang}}), ᱫᱚ [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱠᱟᱹ|ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ]] ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ]] ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱟᱨ [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱵᱷᱤᱲ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref name="thedailystar.net" /> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ|ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ|ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱪᱟᱪᱞᱟᱣ ᱢᱟᱹᱪᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ [[ᱠᱚᱨᱱᱚᱯᱷᱩᱞᱤ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ]] ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱮ ᱨᱮ [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ]] ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱒᱐᱒᱒ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ, ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱙.᱒ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web |title=Chittagong · Population |url=https://www.macrotrends.net/cities/20115/chittagong/population |access-date=30 April 2022 |website=population.city}}</ref> ᱒᱐᱒᱒ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ, ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱕.᱖ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bangladesh: Districts and Cities - Population Statistics, Maps, Charts, Weather and Web Information |url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/bangladesh/cities/ |access-date=2024-08-31 |website=www.citypopulation.de}}</ref> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱳᱨᱴ ᱦᱟᱵᱽ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱟ, ᱡᱩᱴ, ᱟᱨ ᱯᱮᱴᱨᱚᱞᱤᱭᱚᱢ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱡᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Chittagong|title=Chittagong|publisher=[[Britannica]]|access-date=June 15, 2026}}</ref> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱴᱷᱟᱶᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ|ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ]] ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱮ ᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟ᱾ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ [[ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ|ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱨᱵᱚᱨ]] ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ,<ref name="auto1">{{Cite book |last1=Ring |first1=Trudy |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=voerPYsAB5wC&q=chittagong+ptolemy&pg=PA186 |title=Asia and Oceania: International Dictionary of Historic Places |last2=Watson |first2=Noelle |last3=Schellinger |first3=Paul |date=12 November 2012 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-136-63979-1 |language=en}}</ref> ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ [[ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱜᱨᱤᱥ|ᱜᱨᱤᱠ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱨᱳᱢ|ᱨᱳᱢᱟᱱ]] ᱢᱮᱯ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ [[ᱴᱚᱞᱮᱢᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱢᱮᱯ]] ᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ [[ᱥᱤᱞᱠ ᱨᱳᱰ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱰᱟᱹᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱙ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ, [[ᱟᱵᱽᱵᱟᱥᱤᱫᱽ ᱠᱷᱟᱞᱤᱯᱷᱟᱛ]] ᱨᱤᱱ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ᱾<ref name="bp-arabs" /><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Islam |first1=Shariful |last2=Hoque |first2=Muhammad Manirul |title=Unpublished Umayyad and Abbasid Silver Coins in the Bangladesh National Museum |url=https://www.asiaticsociety.org.bd/journal/H_DEC_2017/4_H_Shariful%20%20%26%20Monir.pdf |journal=Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bangladesh |volume=62 |issue=2 |date=December 2017 |pages=205–231 |access-date=9 March 2022 |archive-date=9 October 2022 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://www.asiaticsociety.org.bd/journal/H_DEC_2017/4_H_Shariful%20%20&%20Monir.pdf |url-status=dead}}</ref> ᱑᱔ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱥᱞᱤᱢ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱱᱠᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ [[ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ ᱥᱩᱞᱛᱟᱱᱟᱛ]], [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱥᱩᱞᱛᱟᱱᱟᱛ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱢᱩᱜᱚᱞ ᱥᱟᱢᱨᱟᱡᱽ]] ᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ [[ᱴᱟᱠᱥᱟᱞ (ᱥᱩᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟ)|ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱴᱟᱠᱥᱟᱞ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web |url=https://en.banglapedia.org/index.php/Mint_Towns |title=Mint Towns |website=[[Banglapedia]] |date=5 August 2021 |access-date=16 March 2022}}</ref> ᱑᱕ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱑᱗ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ, ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ [[ᱟᱨᱟᱠᱟᱱ]] ᱨᱮ ᱪᱟᱪᱞᱟᱣ, ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ, ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱱᱦᱟ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱓᱕᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱤᱡ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱤ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱑᱖ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱚᱨᱛᱩᱜᱤᱡᱽ ᱵᱟᱥᱟ|ᱯᱚᱨᱛᱩᱜᱤᱡᱽ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ]] ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ [[ᱡᱳᱣᱟᱣ ᱰᱮ ᱵᱟᱨᱳᱥ]] ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ "ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱨᱟᱡᱚᱥᱴᱷᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱹᱬ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ" ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮᱭ ᱵᱚᱨᱱᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web |title=Chittagong {{!}} History, Population, & Facts |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Chittagong |access-date=23 February 2022 |website=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]] |language=en}}</ref> ᱢᱩᱜᱚᱞ ᱥᱟᱢᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱖᱖᱖ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱚᱨᱛᱩᱜᱤᱡᱽ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱨᱟᱠᱟᱱᱤᱡᱽ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱞᱟᱜᱟ ᱠᱮᱫ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ᱾ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱱᱚᱣᱟᱵᱽ|ᱱᱚᱣᱟᱵᱽ]] ᱑᱗᱙᱓ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ [[ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱤᱥᱴ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ]] ᱮᱢᱟᱫ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱭ᱾ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱘ᱰ᱗ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚᱦᱲᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱵᱷᱤᱲ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱡᱽ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱫᱚ [[ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱵᱚᱨᱢᱟ]] ᱥᱟᱶ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱑᱙᱒᱘ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ, ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ [[ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ "ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ" ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱜᱷᱚᱥᱱᱟ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ [[ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ]] ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ, ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ [[ᱵᱚᱨᱢᱟ ᱚᱵᱷᱤᱡᱟᱱ]] ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ [[ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱢᱤᱛᱨᱚ ᱯᱷᱟᱹᱫᱽ|ᱢᱤᱛᱨᱚ ᱯᱷᱟᱹᱫᱽ]] ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱷᱟᱹᱴᱤ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱑᱙᱔᱐ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱥᱚᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱠᱷᱟᱱᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱠᱟᱭᱛᱮ [[ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ]] ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ [[ᱟᱥᱟᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱯᱟᱠᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱴᱟᱨᱢᱤᱱᱟᱥ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱑᱙᱗᱑ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ]] ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ, ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥᱤ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱜᱷᱚᱥᱱᱟ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ [[ᱦᱟᱢᱟᱞ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱜᱟᱲ]], ᱞᱚᱡᱤᱥᱴᱤᱠᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱞᱟᱵᱽ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟ᱾ ᱑᱙᱙᱐ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱥᱚᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱨᱮᱰ ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱᱤᱡᱚᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱰᱤᱯᱤ (GDP) ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱑᱒% ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱔᱐% ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱜᱟᱲ ᱟᱨᱡᱟᱣ, ᱘᱐% [[ᱡᱮᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ]], ᱟᱨ ᱕᱐% [[ᱠᱷᱟᱡᱽᱱᱟ]] ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ [[ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱤᱲ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱱᱮᱵᱷᱤ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱵᱤᱮᱱᱮᱥ ᱤᱥᱟ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ|ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱵᱮᱥ]] ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱯᱷᱚᱨᱥ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱵᱮᱥ, [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱟᱨᱢᱤ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱮᱨᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱠᱳᱥᱴ ᱜᱟᱨᱰ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱵᱮᱥ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱡᱳᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱴᱚᱠ ᱮᱠᱥᱪᱮᱸᱡᱽ]] ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱥᱴᱚᱠ ᱢᱟᱨᱠᱮᱴ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱗᱐᱐ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ᱾ [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱪᱟ ᱱᱤᱞᱟᱢ]] ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ [[ᱠᱚᱢᱚᱰᱤᱴᱤ ᱮᱠᱥᱪᱮᱸᱡᱽ]] ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱟ ᱟᱨᱡᱟᱣ|ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥᱤ ᱪᱟ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱮᱫᱼᱟ᱾ [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱳᱨᱴ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱮᱥᱤᱝ ᱡᱳᱱ|CEPZ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱠᱚᱨᱱᱚᱯᱷᱩᱞᱤ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱳᱨᱴ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱮᱥᱤᱝ ᱡᱳᱱ|KEPZ]] ᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱫᱮᱥᱤ ᱥᱚᱡᱷᱮ ᱤᱱᱵᱷᱮᱥᱴᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱜᱟᱲ ᱡᱳᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ [[ᱥᱟᱦ ᱟᱢᱟᱱᱚᱛ ᱡᱮᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ]] ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ [[ᱠᱚᱨᱱᱚᱯᱷᱩᱞᱤ ᱴᱚᱱᱮᱞ]], ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱠᱞᱟ [[ᱫᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱴᱚᱱᱮᱞ|ᱫᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱲᱚᱠ ᱴᱚᱱᱮᱞ]], ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ, ᱱᱳᱵᱮᱞ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ [[ᱢᱩᱦᱟᱢᱢᱚᱫᱽ ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱩᱥ]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/2006/yunus/facts/|title=Muhammad Yunus|website=nobelprize.org|access-date=June 15, 2026}}</ref>, ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ, ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ [[ᱢᱩᱥᱞᱤᱢ]] ᱥᱟᱸᱜᱮ ᱮᱞ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ, ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥᱤ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱥᱤᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ [[ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ ᱠᱚ|ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ]], [[ᱤᱥᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱚ|ᱤᱥᱟᱹᱭ]], [[ᱪᱟᱠᱢᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ|ᱪᱟᱠᱢᱟ]], [[ᱢᱟᱨᱢᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ|ᱢᱟᱨᱢᱟ]], [[ᱵᱚᱨᱩᱣᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ|ᱵᱚᱨᱩᱣᱟ]], [[ᱛᱨᱤᱯᱩᱨᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ|ᱛᱨᱤᱯᱩᱨᱤ]], [[ᱜᱟᱨᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ|ᱜᱟᱨᱚ]] ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ᱾ ==ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ== {{main|ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱠᱚ}} ''ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ'' ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ|ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ]] ᱫᱚ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref name=gazetteer>{{cite book |last=O'Malley |first=L.S.S. |date=1908 |title=Chittagong |url=http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc1.b2878583;view=1up;seq=19 |series=Eastern Bengal District Gazetteers |volume=11A |location=Calcutta |publisher=The Bengal Secretariat Book Depot |page=1 |access-date=8 August 2015}}</ref> ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ, ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ''ᱪᱟᱴᱤᱜᱟᱶ'', ''ᱪᱟᱴᱤᱜᱟᱢ'', ''ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢᱟ'', ''ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ'', ''ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱞᱟ'', ''ᱪᱚᱭᱛᱭᱚᱵᱷᱩᱢᱤ'' ᱟᱨ ''ᱯᱳᱨᱴᱳ ᱜᱨᱟᱱᱰᱮ ᱰᱮ ᱵᱮᱝᱜᱟᱞᱟ''᱾<ref>{{cite news |title=Bangladesh changes English spellings of five districts |url=https://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/bangladesh-changes-english-spellings-of-five-districts |work=[[bdnews24.com]] |date=2 April 2018}}</ref> ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ, ''ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ (চট্টগ্রাম)'', ᱨᱮ "''-ᱜᱨᱟᱢ''" (গ্রাম) ᱛᱚᱸᱜᱮᱱ (ᱯᱚᱛᱛᱚᱭ) ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ ᱫᱚ [[ᱢᱟᱱᱚᱠ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ|ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ]] ᱛᱮ "ᱟᱹᱛᱩ" ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱴᱮᱨᱚᱜ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱚᱭᱛᱭᱚ ᱥᱮ ᱵᱩᱫᱫᱷᱚ ᱢᱚᱴᱷ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱥᱟᱸᱜᱮ ᱵᱩᱫᱫᱷᱚ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱢᱩᱜᱚᱞ ᱡᱩᱜᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ''ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ (ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ)'' ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱤᱛ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱞ ᱒᱐᱑᱘ ᱨᱮ, [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ|ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱟᱜ]] [[ᱠᱮᱵᱤᱱᱮᱴ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ]] ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟᱭ;<ref name="dt2Apr2018">{{cite news |url=https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/142256/mixed-reactions-as-govt-changes-english-spellings|title=Mixed reactions as govt changes English spellings of 5 district names |work=[[Dhaka Tribune]] |date=2 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240206234258/https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/142256/mixed-reactions-as-govt-changes-english-spellings |archive-date=6 February 2024 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://thefinancialexpress.com.bd/public/index.php/trade/experts-warn-of-trade-hits-from-renaming-chittagong-1522644725 |title=Experts warn of trade hits from renaming Chittagong |work=[[The Financial Express (Bangladesh)]] |access-date=21 March 2019 |archive-date=30 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211130225309/https://thefinancialexpress.com.bd/public/index.php/trade/experts-warn-of-trade-hits-from-renaming-chittagong-1522644725 |url-status=dead}}</ref> ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥᱤ ᱢᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱤᱨᱳᱫᱷ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite news |last=Chowdhury |first=Umran |title=From a commercial capital to a village |url=https://www.dhakatribune.com/opinion/op-ed/142537/from-a-commercial-capital-to-a-village |work=[[Dhaka Tribune]] |date=5 April 2018 |type=Opinion}}</ref> ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱚᱨᱱᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱟᱨᱚᱵᱽ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ''ᱥᱟᱛ ᱟᱞ ᱜᱷᱟᱝᱜᱷ'' ({{langx|ar|شط الغنغ}}) ᱠᱚ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ''ᱥᱟᱛ'' ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ ᱫᱚ "ᱫᱤᱯ (Delta)" ᱟᱨ ''ᱜᱷᱟᱝᱜᱷ'' ᱫᱚ ᱜᱟᱝ ᱱᱟᱹᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ, ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ''ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱞᱟ'' ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref name=gazetteer/><ref name="banglapedia.org">{{cite book |last=Osmany |first=Shireen Hasan |year=2012 |chapter=Chittagong City |chapter-url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Chittagong_City |editor1-last=Islam |editor1-first=Sirajul |editor1-link=Sirajul Islam |editor2-last=Jamal |editor2-first=Ahmed A. |title=Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh |edition=Second |publisher=[[Asiatic Society of Bangladesh]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Bernoulli |first1=Jean |last2=Rennell |first2=James |last3=Anquetil-Duperron |first3=M. |last4=Tieffenthaller |first4=Joseph |date=1786 |title=Description historique et géographique de l'Inde |url=http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=nyp.33433003306010;view=image;seq=544 |volume=2 |location=Berlin |publisher=C. S. Spener |language=fr |page=408 |access-date=8 August 2015}}</ref> [[ᱨᱟᱠᱷᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ|ᱟᱨᱟᱠᱟᱱᱤᱡᱽ]] ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱩ-ᱞᱟ-ᱛᱟᱭᱤᱝ ᱥᱟᱱᱫᱟᱭᱟ (ᱥᱩᱞᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱤᱝ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ) ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱵᱮᱝᱜᱚᱞ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ, ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱫᱷᱤᱨᱤ ᱠᱷᱩᱱᱴᱤ ᱴᱨᱚᱯᱷᱤ/ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮᱭ ᱵᱤᱫ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ''ᱛᱥᱛ-ᱛᱟ-ᱜᱟᱣᱝ'' ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ᱾<ref name="A History of Chittagong">{{cite book |last=Quanungo |first=Suniti Bhushan |date=1988 |title=A History of Chittagong |volume=1 |location=Chittagong |publisher=Dipanka Quanungol Billan Printers |page=17}}</ref> == ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜ == ===ᱚᱛ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ=== [[File:Mohammad Yusuf Chowdhury Road from CRB hill (03).jpg|thumb|ᱴᱟᱭᱜᱟᱨᱯᱟᱥ ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱢᱢᱚᱫᱽ ᱤᱣᱥᱩᱯᱷ ᱪᱚᱣᱫᱷᱩᱨᱤ ᱥᱚᱲᱚᱠ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱩᱫᱟᱹᱦᱟᱹᱨᱚᱬ]] ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ {{Coord|22|20|06|N|91|49|57|E|type:city_region:BD}} ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ-ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱮ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ [[ᱠᱚᱨᱱᱚᱯᱷᱩᱞᱤ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ]] ᱫᱚ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱞᱤᱸᱜᱤᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱥᱮᱫ {{convert|12|km}} ᱥᱟᱺᱜᱤᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ [[ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱱᱟ]] ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱚᱝᱜᱚᱯᱥᱟᱜᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱩᱨᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱥᱤᱛᱟᱠᱩᱸᱰᱚ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱪᱚᱴ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱫᱚ {{convert|351|m}} ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref name="muhammadyunus.org">{{cite web |url=http://muhammadyunus.org/index.php/about-chittagong |title=About Chittagong |work=muhammadyunus.org |access-date=6 June 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150504052237/http://muhammadyunus.org/index.php/about-chittagong |archive-date=4 May 2015 |url-status=dead}}</ref> ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ, ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱪᱚᱴ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱴᱟᱞᱤ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱫᱚ {{convert|85.3|m}} ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱡᱷᱤᱞ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱜᱷᱚᱞ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱑᱙᱒᱔ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ, ᱟᱥᱟᱢ ᱵᱮᱝᱜᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱤᱧᱡᱤᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤᱝ ᱴᱤᱢ [[ᱯᱷᱚᱭᱮᱥ ᱞᱮᱠ]] ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ᱾<ref name="muhammadyunus.org"/> [[ᱜᱚᱝᱜᱟ]] (ᱥᱮ [[ᱯᱚᱫᱽᱫᱟ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ|ᱯᱚᱫᱽᱢᱟ]]) ᱟᱨ [[ᱵᱨᱚᱦᱢᱚᱯᱩᱛᱨᱚ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱹᱛᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱜᱤᱛᱤᱞ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱱ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱩᱣᱟᱹᱨ-ᱵᱷᱟᱴᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱚᱛ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Murray |first1=N.J. |last2=Clemens |first2=R.S. |last3=Phinn |first3=S.R. |last4=Possingham |first4=H.P. |last5=Fuller |first5=R.A. |title=Tracking the rapid loss of tidal wetlands in the Yellow Sea |journal=Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment |date=2014 |volume=12 |issue=5 |pages=267–272 |doi=10.1890/130260 |bibcode=2014FrEE...12..267M |url=https://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/60169/1/130260.pdf}}</ref> ===ᱥᱟᱪᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ=== ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱹᱬ [[ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱵᱷᱮᱱᱮᱜᱟᱨ]] ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱖᱐᱐᱐ ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱒᱐᱐᱐ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱨᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bdhcdelhi.org/index.php/flora-fauna |title=Flora and Fauna – Bangladesh high commission in India |work=bdhcdelhi.org |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130820012655/http://www.bdhcdelhi.org/index.php/flora-fauna |archive-date=20 August 2013}}</ref> ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ [[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱱᱟ]], ᱩᱥᱟᱹᱨᱟ ᱞᱤᱸᱜᱤᱱ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱱᱟᱞᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱨᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱮᱨᱮᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[Stᱥᱮᱱᱴ ᱢᱟᱨᱴᱤᱱ ᱫᱤᱯ]] ᱫᱚ, ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱠᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ [[ᱯᱨᱚᱵᱟᱞ ᱫᱤᱯ]] ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ [[ᱠᱚᱠᱥᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱹᱠᱩ ᱥᱟᱵ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱤᱞᱤᱧ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ ᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ, ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ [[ᱵᱟᱱᱫᱟᱨᱵᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ|ᱵᱟᱱᱫᱚᱨᱵᱚᱱ]], [[ᱨᱟᱝᱜᱟᱢᱟᱴᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ|ᱨᱟᱝᱟᱢᱟᱴᱤ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱠᱷᱟᱜᱽᱲᱟᱪᱷᱟᱨᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ|ᱠᱷᱟᱜᱽᱲᱟᱪᱷᱚᱲᱤ]] ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱠᱟᱹ|ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱠᱚ]] ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱨᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ [[ᱴᱮᱠᱱᱟᱯᱷ ᱜᱮᱢ ᱨᱤᱡᱟᱨᱵᱷ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱥᱤᱛᱟᱠᱩᱸᱰᱚ ᱵᱚᱴᱟᱱᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱜᱟᱨᱰᱮᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱤᱠᱳ ᱯᱟᱨᱠ]] ᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bforest.gov.bd/index.php/protected-areas |title=Protected Areas |work=bforest.gov.bd |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130817044542/http://bforest.gov.bd/index.php/protected-areas |archive-date=17 August 2013}}</ref> [[ᱯᱚᱛᱮᱝᱜᱟ]] ᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱮ ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱥᱮᱫ {{convert|14|km}} ᱥᱟᱺᱜᱤᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ oopki4gkl4op0veae0h8fqkvajgvt0y 193148 193147 2026-06-26T03:49:48Z ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱗ 1744 193148 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ}} {{Infobox settlement | name = ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ <!-- Do not change to Chattogram without discussion, see WP:COMMONNAME. --> | official_name = ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ | native_name = <small>{{nativename|bn|চট্টগ্রাম/চাটগাঁও}}</small> <br /> <small>{{nativename|ctg| চিটাং}}</small> | nicknames = ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ<br />ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ<br />ᱜᱮᱞ ᱵᱟᱨ [[ᱥᱩᱯᱷᱤ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱷ]] ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ | settlement_type = [[ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱚᱯᱚᱞᱤᱥ]] | image_skyline = {{multiple image | border = infobox | total_width = 300 | image_style = | perrow = 1/2/2/2/2/1 | image1 = Jamburi park, Agrabad, Chittagong 2.jpg | caption1 = [[ᱟᱜᱽᱨᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ|ᱟᱜᱽᱨᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ]] ᱥᱠᱟᱭᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ [[ᱡᱟᱢᱵᱩᱨᱤ ᱯᱟᱨᱠ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ | image2 = Chittagong War Cemetery 8.jpg | caption2 = [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱣᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱢᱮᱴᱨᱤ]] | image3 = Lake of Foy's Lake.jpg | caption3 = [[ᱯᱷᱚᱭᱥ ᱞᱮᱠ]] | image4 = Sunset at Patenga beach.jpg | caption4 = [[ᱯᱚᱛᱮᱝᱜᱟ]] | image5 = Central Railway Building (17233793446).jpg | caption5 = [[ᱥᱮᱱᱴᱨᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱵᱤᱞᱰᱤᱝ]] | image6 = Karnafully Bridge CHittagong (cropped).jpg | caption6 = [[ᱥᱟᱦ ᱟᱢᱟᱱᱚᱛ ᱵᱨᱤᱡᱽ]] }} | mapframe = yes | mapframe-zoom = 10 | seal_size = 100px | pushpin_map = Bangladesh Chittagong division#Bangladesh#South Asia#Asia#World | pushpin_label_position = centre | pushpin_map_caption = ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ | pushpin_mapsize = 260 | subdivision_type = ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ | subdivision_name = {{Country|ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ}} | subdivision_type1 = [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱠᱚ|ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ]] | subdivision_name1 = [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ|ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ]] | subdivision_type2 = [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚ|ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]] | subdivision_name2 = [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ|ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ]] | government_type = [[ᱢᱮᱭᱚᱨ-ᱠᱟᱣᱩᱱᱥᱤᱞ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ|ᱢᱮᱭᱚᱨ-ᱠᱟᱣᱩᱱᱥᱤᱞ]] | governing_body = {{nowrap|[[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱠᱚᱨᱯᱚᱨᱮᱥᱚᱱ]]}} | leader_title = [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱮᱭᱚᱨ|ᱢᱮᱭᱚᱨ]] | leader_name = [[ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱫᱚᱛ ᱦᱚᱥᱮᱱ (ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ)|ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱫᱚᱛ ᱦᱚᱥᱮᱱ]] ([[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱱᱮᱥᱱᱟᱞᱤᱥᱴ ᱯᱟᱨᱴᱤ|BNP]]) | leader_title1 = | leader_name1 = | leader_title2 = [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱠᱚᱨᱯᱚᱨᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱠᱟᱹ#ᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱠᱟᱣᱩᱱᱥᱤᱞ|ᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱠᱟᱣᱩᱱᱥᱤᱞ]] | leader_name2 = [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱠᱚᱨᱯᱚᱨᱮᱥᱚᱱ#ᱣᱟᱨᱰ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱣᱩᱱᱥᱤᱞᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ|᱔᱑ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ]] | leader_title3 = [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱝᱥᱚᱫᱽ|ᱥᱚᱝᱥᱚᱫᱽ]] | leader_name3 = [[ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱚᱝᱥᱚᱫᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱠᱟᱹ#ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ|᱖ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ]] | established_title = ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ | established_date = {{Start date and age|1340}} | established_title2 = ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱧᱟᱢ | established_date2 = {{start date and age|1863}}<ref name="ccc history">{{cite web |url=http://www.ccc.org.bd/history |title=History of Chittagong City Corporation |publisher=[[Chittagong City Corporation]] |access-date=26 May 2013 |archive-date=13 August 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130813193710/http://ccc.org.bd/history |url-status=dead}}</ref> | established_title3 = <!-- Incorporated (city) --> | unit_pref = <!--Enter: Imperial, if Imperial (metric) is desired--> | area_footnotes = <ref name="bbspaurashava">{{cite web |url=http://www.bbs.gov.bd/dataindex/census/municip.pdf |title=Area, Population and Literacy Rate by Paurashava −2001 |publisher=[[Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics]] |access-date=18 September 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070610054152/http://www.bbs.gov.bd/dataindex/census/municip.pdf |archive-date=10 June 2007 |url-status=dead}}</ref> | area_total_km2 = 168.07 | area_land_km2 = <!--See table @ Template:Infobox settlement for details on automatic unit conversion--> | area_urban_km2 = 302.11 | area_metro_km2 = 615.37 | population_as_of = [[᱒᱐᱒᱒ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ|᱒᱐᱒᱒]] | population_total = 3230507<ref>{{cite web | title=Chittagong (City Corporation, Bangladesh) - Population Statistics, Charts, Map and Location | url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/bangladesh/admin/chittagong/1516__chittagong/ }}</ref> | population_density_km2 = | population_metro = 5653000<ref>{{cite web | title=Chittagong, Bangladesh Metro Area Population (1950-2025) | MacroTrends | url=https://www.macrotrends.net/global-metrics/cities/20115/chittagong/population }}</ref> | population_density_metro_km2 = auto | population_urban = 5253312<ref>{{cite web | title=Chattogram, Bangladesh Population (2025) - Population Stat | url=https://populationstat.com/bangladesh/chattogram }}</ref> | population_density_urban_km2 = auto | population_demonym = [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ|ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟᱱ]], [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ|ᱥᱤᱴᱟᱭᱤᱝᱜᱟ]], [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ|ᱪᱟᱴᱜᱟᱹᱭᱭᱟ]] | population_blank1_title = ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱸᱠ | population_blank1 = [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱠᱟᱹ|ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱒ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ]] | population_blank2_title = ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱚ ᱨᱮᱸᱠ | population_blank2 = [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱠᱚᱨᱯᱚᱨᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱠᱟᱹ|ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱒ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ]];<br />[[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ#ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱚ|ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱓ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ]]; | timezone = [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ|ᱵᱤ.ᱮᱥ.ᱴᱤ]] | utc_offset = +6 | coordinates = {{coord|22|20|06|N|91|49|57|E|region:BD-B_city(2581643)|display=inline,title}} | elevation_footnotes = <!--for references: use<ref> </ref> tags--> | elevation_m = 29 | elevation_ft = 95 | postal_code_type = [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱳᱥᱴᱟᱞ ᱠᱳᱰ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱠᱟᱹ|ᱯᱳᱥᱴᱟᱞ ᱠᱳᱰ]] | postal_code = 4000, 4100, 42xx | area_code_type = [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱮᱞᱤᱯᱷᱳᱱ ᱱᱚᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ|ᱠᱚᱞᱤᱝ ᱠᱳᱰ]] | area_code = +880 31 | demographics_type1 = [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ|ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ]] | demographics1_title1 = ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ | demographics1_info1 = [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ]]{{*}}[[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥᱤ ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ|ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ]] | demographics1_title2 = ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ | demographics1_info2 = [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟᱱ]] | demographics_type2 = | demographics2_footnotes = <ref name="বাংলাদেশ পরিসংখ্যান ব্যুরো">{{cite web | url=https://bbs.portal.gov.bd/site/page/b432a7e5-8b4d-4dac-a76c-a9be4e85828c | title=বাংলাদেশ পরিসংখ্যান ব্যুরো }}</ref> | demographics2_title1 = | demographics2_info1 = | blank_name_sec1 = [[ᱭᱩᱮᱱ/ᱞᱳᱠᱳᱰ (UN/LOCODE)]] | blank_info_sec1 = BD CGP | blank1_name_sec1 = {{nowrap|[[ᱡᱤᱰᱤᱯᱤ (GDP)]]}} (᱒᱐᱒᱖) | blank1_info_sec1 = [[ᱡᱤᱰᱤᱯᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱠᱟᱹ (PPP)|PPP]]<br />{{IncreasePositive}} $᱒᱓᱐.᱖ ᱵᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ<br />[[ᱡᱤᱰᱤᱯᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱠᱟᱹ (ᱱᱳᱢᱤᱱᱟᱞ)|ᱱᱳᱢᱤᱱᱟᱞ]]<br /> {{IncreasePositive}} $᱖᱑.᱓ ᱵᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ<ref>{{cite web |title=World Economic Outlook Database: Bangladesh (April 2026) |url=https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2026/April |publisher=International Monetary Fund }}</ref> | blank3_name_sec1 = [[ᱦᱤᱣᱢᱮᱱ ᱰᱮᱵᱷᱮᱞᱚᱯᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱤᱱᱰᱮᱠᱥ|HDI]] (᱒᱐᱒᱓) | blank3_info_sec1 = ᱐.᱖᱙᱕<br /> {{color|#FFD633|ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱢᱟᱞᱟ}} · [[ᱦᱤᱣᱢᱮᱱ ᱰᱮᱵᱷᱮᱞᱚᱯᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱤᱱᱰᱮᱠᱥ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱠᱟᱹ|᱒᱒ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱘ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ]] | blank4_name_sec1 = [[ᱯᱩᱞᱤᱥ]] | blank4_info_sec1 = [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱚᱯᱚᱞᱤᱴᱟᱱ ᱯᱩᱞᱤᱥ]] | blank5_name_sec1 = [[ᱡᱮᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ]] | blank5_info_sec1 = [[ᱥᱟᱦ ᱟᱢᱟᱱᱚᱛ ᱡᱮᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ]] | blank6_name_sec1 = ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱚᱯᱚᱞᱤᱴᱟᱱ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱤᱝ ᱚᱛᱷᱚᱨᱤᱴᱤ | blank6_info_sec1 = [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱰᱮᱵᱷᱮᱞᱚᱯᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱚᱛᱷᱚᱨᱤᱴᱤ]] | blank7_name_sec1 = ᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱯᱞᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱣᱟᱨᱮᱡᱽ ᱚᱛᱷᱚᱨᱤᱴᱤ | blank7_info_sec1 = [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱣᱟᱥᱟ (WASA)]] | website = {{URL|ccc.gov.bd}} | blank_emblem_size = 150px | blank_emblem_type = ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱠᱚᱨᱯᱚᱨᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱥᱤᱞ | image_seal = | seal_alt = ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱠᱚᱨᱯᱚᱨᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱥᱤᱞ | leader_party = | registration_plate = [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱨᱮᱡᱤᱥᱴᱨᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱯᱞᱮᱴ ᱠᱚ|CHATTO METRO -X-XX-XXXX ᱥᱮ CHATTOGRAM -X-XX-XXXX]] }} '''ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|tʃ|ɪ|t|ə|ɡ|ɒ|ŋ}} {{respell|CHIT|ə|gong}}),<ref name="dictionary1">{{cite web |title=Definition of Chittagong |url=https://www.dictionary.com/browse/chittagong |access-date=23 February 2022 |website=Dictionary.com |language=en}}</ref> [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱠᱟᱹ|ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ]] '''ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ'''<ref name="dt2Apr2018" /> ({{langx|bn|চট্টগ্রাম|Côṭṭôgrām}}, {{IPA|bn|ˈt͡ʃɔʈːoɡram|IPA|LL-Q9610 (ben)-Yahya-চট্টগ্রাম.wav}}, ᱥᱮᱨᱣᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ {{langx|bn|চাটগাঁও|Cāṭgão}}; {{langx|ctg|চিটাং|Sitang}}), ᱫᱚ [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱠᱟᱹ|ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ]] ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ]] ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱟᱨ [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱵᱷᱤᱲ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref name="thedailystar.net" /> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ|ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ|ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱪᱟᱪᱞᱟᱣ ᱢᱟᱹᱪᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ [[ᱠᱚᱨᱱᱚᱯᱷᱩᱞᱤ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ]] ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱮ ᱨᱮ [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ]] ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱒᱐᱒᱒ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ, ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱙.᱒ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web |title=Chittagong · Population |url=https://www.macrotrends.net/cities/20115/chittagong/population |access-date=30 April 2022 |website=population.city}}</ref> ᱒᱐᱒᱒ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ, ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱕.᱖ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bangladesh: Districts and Cities - Population Statistics, Maps, Charts, Weather and Web Information |url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/bangladesh/cities/ |access-date=2024-08-31 |website=www.citypopulation.de}}</ref> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱳᱨᱴ ᱦᱟᱵᱽ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱟ, ᱡᱩᱴ, ᱟᱨ ᱯᱮᱴᱨᱚᱞᱤᱭᱚᱢ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱡᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Chittagong|title=Chittagong|publisher=[[Britannica]]|access-date=June 15, 2026}}</ref> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱴᱷᱟᱶᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ|ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ]] ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱮ ᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟ᱾ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ [[ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ|ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱨᱵᱚᱨ]] ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ,<ref name="auto1">{{Cite book |last1=Ring |first1=Trudy |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=voerPYsAB5wC&q=chittagong+ptolemy&pg=PA186 |title=Asia and Oceania: International Dictionary of Historic Places |last2=Watson |first2=Noelle |last3=Schellinger |first3=Paul |date=12 November 2012 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-136-63979-1 |language=en}}</ref> ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ [[ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱜᱨᱤᱥ|ᱜᱨᱤᱠ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱨᱳᱢ|ᱨᱳᱢᱟᱱ]] ᱢᱮᱯ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ [[ᱴᱚᱞᱮᱢᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱢᱮᱯ]] ᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ [[ᱥᱤᱞᱠ ᱨᱳᱰ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱰᱟᱹᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱙ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ, [[ᱟᱵᱽᱵᱟᱥᱤᱫᱽ ᱠᱷᱟᱞᱤᱯᱷᱟᱛ]] ᱨᱤᱱ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ᱾<ref name="bp-arabs" /><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Islam |first1=Shariful |last2=Hoque |first2=Muhammad Manirul |title=Unpublished Umayyad and Abbasid Silver Coins in the Bangladesh National Museum |url=https://www.asiaticsociety.org.bd/journal/H_DEC_2017/4_H_Shariful%20%20%26%20Monir.pdf |journal=Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bangladesh |volume=62 |issue=2 |date=December 2017 |pages=205–231 |access-date=9 March 2022 |archive-date=9 October 2022 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://www.asiaticsociety.org.bd/journal/H_DEC_2017/4_H_Shariful%20%20&%20Monir.pdf |url-status=dead}}</ref> ᱑᱔ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱥᱞᱤᱢ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱱᱠᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ [[ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ ᱥᱩᱞᱛᱟᱱᱟᱛ]], [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱥᱩᱞᱛᱟᱱᱟᱛ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱢᱩᱜᱚᱞ ᱥᱟᱢᱨᱟᱡᱽ]] ᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ [[ᱴᱟᱠᱥᱟᱞ (ᱥᱩᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟ)|ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱴᱟᱠᱥᱟᱞ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web |url=https://en.banglapedia.org/index.php/Mint_Towns |title=Mint Towns |website=[[Banglapedia]] |date=5 August 2021 |access-date=16 March 2022}}</ref> ᱑᱕ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱑᱗ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ, ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ [[ᱟᱨᱟᱠᱟᱱ]] ᱨᱮ ᱪᱟᱪᱞᱟᱣ, ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ, ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱱᱦᱟ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱓᱕᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱤᱡ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱤ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱑᱖ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱚᱨᱛᱩᱜᱤᱡᱽ ᱵᱟᱥᱟ|ᱯᱚᱨᱛᱩᱜᱤᱡᱽ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ]] ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ [[ᱡᱳᱣᱟᱣ ᱰᱮ ᱵᱟᱨᱳᱥ]] ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ "ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱨᱟᱡᱚᱥᱴᱷᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱹᱬ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ" ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮᱭ ᱵᱚᱨᱱᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web |title=Chittagong {{!}} History, Population, & Facts |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Chittagong |access-date=23 February 2022 |website=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]] |language=en}}</ref> ᱢᱩᱜᱚᱞ ᱥᱟᱢᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱖᱖᱖ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱚᱨᱛᱩᱜᱤᱡᱽ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱨᱟᱠᱟᱱᱤᱡᱽ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱞᱟᱜᱟ ᱠᱮᱫ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ᱾ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱱᱚᱣᱟᱵᱽ|ᱱᱚᱣᱟᱵᱽ]] ᱑᱗᱙᱓ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ [[ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱤᱥᱴ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ]] ᱮᱢᱟᱫ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱭ᱾ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱘ᱰ᱗ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚᱦᱲᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱵᱷᱤᱲ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱡᱽ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱫᱚ [[ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱵᱚᱨᱢᱟ]] ᱥᱟᱶ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱑᱙᱒᱘ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ, ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ [[ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ "ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ" ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱜᱷᱚᱥᱱᱟ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ [[ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ]] ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ, ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ [[ᱵᱚᱨᱢᱟ ᱚᱵᱷᱤᱡᱟᱱ]] ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ [[ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱢᱤᱛᱨᱚ ᱯᱷᱟᱹᱫᱽ|ᱢᱤᱛᱨᱚ ᱯᱷᱟᱹᱫᱽ]] ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱷᱟᱹᱴᱤ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱑᱙᱔᱐ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱥᱚᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱠᱷᱟᱱᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱠᱟᱭᱛᱮ [[ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ]] ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ [[ᱟᱥᱟᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱯᱟᱠᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱴᱟᱨᱢᱤᱱᱟᱥ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱑᱙᱗᱑ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ]] ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ, ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥᱤ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱜᱷᱚᱥᱱᱟ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ [[ᱦᱟᱢᱟᱞ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱜᱟᱲ]], ᱞᱚᱡᱤᱥᱴᱤᱠᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱞᱟᱵᱽ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟ᱾ ᱑᱙᱙᱐ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱥᱚᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱨᱮᱰ ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱᱤᱡᱚᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱰᱤᱯᱤ (GDP) ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱑᱒% ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱔᱐% ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱜᱟᱲ ᱟᱨᱡᱟᱣ, ᱘᱐% [[ᱡᱮᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ]], ᱟᱨ ᱕᱐% [[ᱠᱷᱟᱡᱽᱱᱟ]] ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ [[ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱤᱲ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱱᱮᱵᱷᱤ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱵᱤᱮᱱᱮᱥ ᱤᱥᱟ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ|ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱵᱮᱥ]] ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱯᱷᱚᱨᱥ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱵᱮᱥ, [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱟᱨᱢᱤ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱮᱨᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱠᱳᱥᱴ ᱜᱟᱨᱰ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱵᱮᱥ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱡᱳᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱴᱚᱠ ᱮᱠᱥᱪᱮᱸᱡᱽ]] ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱥᱴᱚᱠ ᱢᱟᱨᱠᱮᱴ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱗᱐᱐ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ᱾ [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱪᱟ ᱱᱤᱞᱟᱢ]] ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ [[ᱠᱚᱢᱚᱰᱤᱴᱤ ᱮᱠᱥᱪᱮᱸᱡᱽ]] ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱟ ᱟᱨᱡᱟᱣ|ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥᱤ ᱪᱟ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱮᱫᱼᱟ᱾ [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱳᱨᱴ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱮᱥᱤᱝ ᱡᱳᱱ|CEPZ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱠᱚᱨᱱᱚᱯᱷᱩᱞᱤ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱳᱨᱴ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱮᱥᱤᱝ ᱡᱳᱱ|KEPZ]] ᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱫᱮᱥᱤ ᱥᱚᱡᱷᱮ ᱤᱱᱵᱷᱮᱥᱴᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱜᱟᱲ ᱡᱳᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ [[ᱥᱟᱦ ᱟᱢᱟᱱᱚᱛ ᱡᱮᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ]] ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ [[ᱠᱚᱨᱱᱚᱯᱷᱩᱞᱤ ᱴᱚᱱᱮᱞ]], ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱠᱞᱟ [[ᱫᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱴᱚᱱᱮᱞ|ᱫᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱲᱚᱠ ᱴᱚᱱᱮᱞ]], ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ, ᱱᱳᱵᱮᱞ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ [[ᱢᱩᱦᱟᱢᱢᱚᱫᱽ ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱩᱥ]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/2006/yunus/facts/|title=Muhammad Yunus|website=nobelprize.org|access-date=June 15, 2026}}</ref>, ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ, ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ [[ᱢᱩᱥᱞᱤᱢ]] ᱥᱟᱸᱜᱮ ᱮᱞ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ, ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥᱤ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱥᱤᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ [[ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ ᱠᱚ|ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ]], [[ᱤᱥᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱚ|ᱤᱥᱟᱹᱭ]], [[ᱪᱟᱠᱢᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ|ᱪᱟᱠᱢᱟ]], [[ᱢᱟᱨᱢᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ|ᱢᱟᱨᱢᱟ]], [[ᱵᱚᱨᱩᱣᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ|ᱵᱚᱨᱩᱣᱟ]], [[ᱛᱨᱤᱯᱩᱨᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ|ᱛᱨᱤᱯᱩᱨᱤ]], [[ᱜᱟᱨᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ|ᱜᱟᱨᱚ]] ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ᱾ ==ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ== {{main|ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱠᱚ}} ''ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ'' ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ|ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ]] ᱫᱚ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref name=gazetteer>{{cite book |last=O'Malley |first=L.S.S. |date=1908 |title=Chittagong |url=http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc1.b2878583;view=1up;seq=19 |series=Eastern Bengal District Gazetteers |volume=11A |location=Calcutta |publisher=The Bengal Secretariat Book Depot |page=1 |access-date=8 August 2015}}</ref> ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ, ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ''ᱪᱟᱴᱤᱜᱟᱶ'', ''ᱪᱟᱴᱤᱜᱟᱢ'', ''ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢᱟ'', ''ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ'', ''ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱞᱟ'', ''ᱪᱚᱭᱛᱭᱚᱵᱷᱩᱢᱤ'' ᱟᱨ ''ᱯᱳᱨᱴᱳ ᱜᱨᱟᱱᱰᱮ ᱰᱮ ᱵᱮᱝᱜᱟᱞᱟ''᱾<ref>{{cite news |title=Bangladesh changes English spellings of five districts |url=https://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/bangladesh-changes-english-spellings-of-five-districts |work=[[bdnews24.com]] |date=2 April 2018}}</ref> ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ, ''ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ (চট্টগ্রাম)'', ᱨᱮ "''-ᱜᱨᱟᱢ''" (গ্রাম) ᱛᱚᱸᱜᱮᱱ (ᱯᱚᱛᱛᱚᱭ) ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ ᱫᱚ [[ᱢᱟᱱᱚᱠ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ|ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ]] ᱛᱮ "ᱟᱹᱛᱩ" ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱴᱮᱨᱚᱜ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱚᱭᱛᱭᱚ ᱥᱮ ᱵᱩᱫᱫᱷᱚ ᱢᱚᱴᱷ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱥᱟᱸᱜᱮ ᱵᱩᱫᱫᱷᱚ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱢᱩᱜᱚᱞ ᱡᱩᱜᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ''ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ (ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ)'' ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱤᱛ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱞ ᱒᱐᱑᱘ ᱨᱮ, [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ|ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱟᱜ]] [[ᱠᱮᱵᱤᱱᱮᱴ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ]] ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟᱭ;<ref name="dt2Apr2018">{{cite news |url=https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/142256/mixed-reactions-as-govt-changes-english-spellings|title=Mixed reactions as govt changes English spellings of 5 district names |work=[[Dhaka Tribune]] |date=2 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240206234258/https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/142256/mixed-reactions-as-govt-changes-english-spellings |archive-date=6 February 2024 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://thefinancialexpress.com.bd/public/index.php/trade/experts-warn-of-trade-hits-from-renaming-chittagong-1522644725 |title=Experts warn of trade hits from renaming Chittagong |work=[[The Financial Express (Bangladesh)]] |access-date=21 March 2019 |archive-date=30 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211130225309/https://thefinancialexpress.com.bd/public/index.php/trade/experts-warn-of-trade-hits-from-renaming-chittagong-1522644725 |url-status=dead}}</ref> ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥᱤ ᱢᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱤᱨᱳᱫᱷ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite news |last=Chowdhury |first=Umran |title=From a commercial capital to a village |url=https://www.dhakatribune.com/opinion/op-ed/142537/from-a-commercial-capital-to-a-village |work=[[Dhaka Tribune]] |date=5 April 2018 |type=Opinion}}</ref> ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱚᱨᱱᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱟᱨᱚᱵᱽ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ''ᱥᱟᱛ ᱟᱞ ᱜᱷᱟᱝᱜᱷ'' ({{langx|ar|شط الغنغ}}) ᱠᱚ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ''ᱥᱟᱛ'' ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ ᱫᱚ "ᱫᱤᱯ (Delta)" ᱟᱨ ''ᱜᱷᱟᱝᱜᱷ'' ᱫᱚ ᱜᱟᱝ ᱱᱟᱹᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ, ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ''ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱞᱟ'' ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref name=gazetteer/><ref name="banglapedia.org">{{cite book |last=Osmany |first=Shireen Hasan |year=2012 |chapter=Chittagong City |chapter-url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Chittagong_City |editor1-last=Islam |editor1-first=Sirajul |editor1-link=Sirajul Islam |editor2-last=Jamal |editor2-first=Ahmed A. |title=Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh |edition=Second |publisher=[[Asiatic Society of Bangladesh]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Bernoulli |first1=Jean |last2=Rennell |first2=James |last3=Anquetil-Duperron |first3=M. |last4=Tieffenthaller |first4=Joseph |date=1786 |title=Description historique et géographique de l'Inde |url=http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=nyp.33433003306010;view=image;seq=544 |volume=2 |location=Berlin |publisher=C. S. Spener |language=fr |page=408 |access-date=8 August 2015}}</ref> [[ᱨᱟᱠᱷᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ|ᱟᱨᱟᱠᱟᱱᱤᱡᱽ]] ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱩ-ᱞᱟ-ᱛᱟᱭᱤᱝ ᱥᱟᱱᱫᱟᱭᱟ (ᱥᱩᱞᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱤᱝ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ) ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱵᱮᱝᱜᱚᱞ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ, ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱫᱷᱤᱨᱤ ᱠᱷᱩᱱᱴᱤ ᱴᱨᱚᱯᱷᱤ/ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮᱭ ᱵᱤᱫ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ''ᱛᱥᱛ-ᱛᱟ-ᱜᱟᱣᱝ'' ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ᱾<ref name="A History of Chittagong">{{cite book |last=Quanungo |first=Suniti Bhushan |date=1988 |title=A History of Chittagong |volume=1 |location=Chittagong |publisher=Dipanka Quanungol Billan Printers |page=17}}</ref> == ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜ == ===ᱚᱛ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ=== [[File:Mohammad Yusuf Chowdhury Road from CRB hill (03).jpg|thumb|ᱴᱟᱭᱜᱟᱨᱯᱟᱥ ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱢᱢᱚᱫᱽ ᱤᱣᱥᱩᱯᱷ ᱪᱚᱣᱫᱷᱩᱨᱤ ᱥᱚᱲᱚᱠ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱩᱫᱟᱹᱦᱟᱹᱨᱚᱬ]] ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ {{Coord|22|20|06|N|91|49|57|E|type:city_region:BD}} ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ-ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱮ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ [[ᱠᱚᱨᱱᱚᱯᱷᱩᱞᱤ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ]] ᱫᱚ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱞᱤᱸᱜᱤᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱥᱮᱫ {{convert|12|km}} ᱥᱟᱺᱜᱤᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ [[ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱱᱟ]] ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱚᱝᱜᱚᱯᱥᱟᱜᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱩᱨᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱥᱤᱛᱟᱠᱩᱸᱰᱚ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱪᱚᱴ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱫᱚ {{convert|351|m}} ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref name="muhammadyunus.org">{{cite web |url=http://muhammadyunus.org/index.php/about-chittagong |title=About Chittagong |work=muhammadyunus.org |access-date=6 June 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150504052237/http://muhammadyunus.org/index.php/about-chittagong |archive-date=4 May 2015 |url-status=dead}}</ref> ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ, ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱪᱚᱴ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱴᱟᱞᱤ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱫᱚ {{convert|85.3|m}} ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱡᱷᱤᱞ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱜᱷᱚᱞ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱑᱙᱒᱔ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ, ᱟᱥᱟᱢ ᱵᱮᱝᱜᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱤᱧᱡᱤᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤᱝ ᱴᱤᱢ [[ᱯᱷᱚᱭᱮᱥ ᱞᱮᱠ]] ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ᱾<ref name="muhammadyunus.org"/> [[ᱜᱚᱝᱜᱟ]] (ᱥᱮ [[ᱯᱚᱫᱽᱫᱟ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ|ᱯᱚᱫᱽᱢᱟ]]) ᱟᱨ [[ᱵᱨᱚᱦᱢᱚᱯᱩᱛᱨᱚ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱹᱛᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱜᱤᱛᱤᱞ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱱ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱩᱣᱟᱹᱨ-ᱵᱷᱟᱴᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱚᱛ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Murray |first1=N.J. |last2=Clemens |first2=R.S. |last3=Phinn |first3=S.R. |last4=Possingham |first4=H.P. |last5=Fuller |first5=R.A. |title=Tracking the rapid loss of tidal wetlands in the Yellow Sea |journal=Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment |date=2014 |volume=12 |issue=5 |pages=267–272 |doi=10.1890/130260 |bibcode=2014FrEE...12..267M |url=https://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/60169/1/130260.pdf}}</ref> ===ᱥᱟᱪᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ=== ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱹᱬ [[ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱵᱷᱮᱱᱮᱜᱟᱨ]] ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱖᱐᱐᱐ ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱒᱐᱐᱐ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱨᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bdhcdelhi.org/index.php/flora-fauna |title=Flora and Fauna – Bangladesh high commission in India |work=bdhcdelhi.org |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130820012655/http://www.bdhcdelhi.org/index.php/flora-fauna |archive-date=20 August 2013}}</ref> ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ [[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱱᱟ]], ᱩᱥᱟᱹᱨᱟ ᱞᱤᱸᱜᱤᱱ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱱᱟᱞᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱨᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱮᱨᱮᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[Stᱥᱮᱱᱴ ᱢᱟᱨᱴᱤᱱ ᱫᱤᱯ]] ᱫᱚ, ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱠᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ [[ᱯᱨᱚᱵᱟᱞ ᱫᱤᱯ]] ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ [[ᱠᱚᱠᱥᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱹᱠᱩ ᱥᱟᱵ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱤᱞᱤᱧ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ ᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ, ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ [[ᱵᱟᱱᱫᱟᱨᱵᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ|ᱵᱟᱱᱫᱚᱨᱵᱚᱱ]], [[ᱨᱟᱝᱜᱟᱢᱟᱴᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ|ᱨᱟᱝᱟᱢᱟᱴᱤ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱠᱷᱟᱜᱽᱲᱟᱪᱷᱟᱨᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ|ᱠᱷᱟᱜᱽᱲᱟᱪᱷᱚᱲᱤ]] ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱠᱟᱹ|ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱠᱚ]] ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱨᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ [[ᱴᱮᱠᱱᱟᱯᱷ ᱜᱮᱢ ᱨᱤᱡᱟᱨᱵᱷ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱥᱤᱛᱟᱠᱩᱸᱰᱚ ᱵᱚᱴᱟᱱᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱜᱟᱨᱰᱮᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱤᱠᱳ ᱯᱟᱨᱠ]] ᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bforest.gov.bd/index.php/protected-areas |title=Protected Areas |work=bforest.gov.bd |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130817044542/http://bforest.gov.bd/index.php/protected-areas |archive-date=17 August 2013}}</ref> [[ᱯᱚᱛᱮᱝᱜᱟ]] ᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱮ ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱥᱮᱫ {{convert|14|km}} ᱥᱟᱺᱜᱤᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ 9l1kzrcgkqs8vrdbmowguoy8nj748b7 193149 193148 2026-06-26T03:51:29Z ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱗ 1744 /* ᱥᱟᱪᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ */ 193149 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ}} {{Infobox settlement | name = ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ <!-- Do not change to Chattogram without discussion, see WP:COMMONNAME. --> | official_name = ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ | native_name = <small>{{nativename|bn|চট্টগ্রাম/চাটগাঁও}}</small> <br /> <small>{{nativename|ctg| চিটাং}}</small> | nicknames = ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ<br />ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ<br />ᱜᱮᱞ ᱵᱟᱨ [[ᱥᱩᱯᱷᱤ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱷ]] ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ | settlement_type = [[ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱚᱯᱚᱞᱤᱥ]] | image_skyline = {{multiple image | border = infobox | total_width = 300 | image_style = | perrow = 1/2/2/2/2/1 | image1 = Jamburi park, Agrabad, Chittagong 2.jpg | caption1 = [[ᱟᱜᱽᱨᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ|ᱟᱜᱽᱨᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ]] ᱥᱠᱟᱭᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ [[ᱡᱟᱢᱵᱩᱨᱤ ᱯᱟᱨᱠ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ | image2 = Chittagong War Cemetery 8.jpg | caption2 = [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱣᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱢᱮᱴᱨᱤ]] | image3 = Lake of Foy's Lake.jpg | caption3 = [[ᱯᱷᱚᱭᱥ ᱞᱮᱠ]] | image4 = Sunset at Patenga beach.jpg | caption4 = [[ᱯᱚᱛᱮᱝᱜᱟ]] | image5 = Central Railway Building (17233793446).jpg | caption5 = [[ᱥᱮᱱᱴᱨᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱵᱤᱞᱰᱤᱝ]] | image6 = Karnafully Bridge CHittagong (cropped).jpg | caption6 = [[ᱥᱟᱦ ᱟᱢᱟᱱᱚᱛ ᱵᱨᱤᱡᱽ]] }} | mapframe = yes | mapframe-zoom = 10 | seal_size = 100px | pushpin_map = Bangladesh Chittagong division#Bangladesh#South Asia#Asia#World | pushpin_label_position = centre | pushpin_map_caption = ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ | pushpin_mapsize = 260 | subdivision_type = ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ | subdivision_name = {{Country|ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ}} | subdivision_type1 = [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱠᱚ|ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ]] | subdivision_name1 = [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ|ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ]] | subdivision_type2 = [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚ|ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]] | subdivision_name2 = [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ|ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ]] | government_type = [[ᱢᱮᱭᱚᱨ-ᱠᱟᱣᱩᱱᱥᱤᱞ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ|ᱢᱮᱭᱚᱨ-ᱠᱟᱣᱩᱱᱥᱤᱞ]] | governing_body = {{nowrap|[[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱠᱚᱨᱯᱚᱨᱮᱥᱚᱱ]]}} | leader_title = [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱮᱭᱚᱨ|ᱢᱮᱭᱚᱨ]] | leader_name = [[ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱫᱚᱛ ᱦᱚᱥᱮᱱ (ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ)|ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱫᱚᱛ ᱦᱚᱥᱮᱱ]] ([[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱱᱮᱥᱱᱟᱞᱤᱥᱴ ᱯᱟᱨᱴᱤ|BNP]]) | leader_title1 = | leader_name1 = | leader_title2 = [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱠᱚᱨᱯᱚᱨᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱠᱟᱹ#ᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱠᱟᱣᱩᱱᱥᱤᱞ|ᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱠᱟᱣᱩᱱᱥᱤᱞ]] | leader_name2 = [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱠᱚᱨᱯᱚᱨᱮᱥᱚᱱ#ᱣᱟᱨᱰ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱣᱩᱱᱥᱤᱞᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ|᱔᱑ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ]] | leader_title3 = [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱝᱥᱚᱫᱽ|ᱥᱚᱝᱥᱚᱫᱽ]] | leader_name3 = [[ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱚᱝᱥᱚᱫᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱠᱟᱹ#ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ|᱖ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ]] | established_title = ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ | established_date = {{Start date and age|1340}} | established_title2 = ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱧᱟᱢ | established_date2 = {{start date and age|1863}}<ref name="ccc history">{{cite web |url=http://www.ccc.org.bd/history |title=History of Chittagong City Corporation |publisher=[[Chittagong City Corporation]] |access-date=26 May 2013 |archive-date=13 August 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130813193710/http://ccc.org.bd/history |url-status=dead}}</ref> | established_title3 = <!-- Incorporated (city) --> | unit_pref = <!--Enter: Imperial, if Imperial (metric) is desired--> | area_footnotes = <ref name="bbspaurashava">{{cite web |url=http://www.bbs.gov.bd/dataindex/census/municip.pdf |title=Area, Population and Literacy Rate by Paurashava −2001 |publisher=[[Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics]] |access-date=18 September 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070610054152/http://www.bbs.gov.bd/dataindex/census/municip.pdf |archive-date=10 June 2007 |url-status=dead}}</ref> | area_total_km2 = 168.07 | area_land_km2 = <!--See table @ Template:Infobox settlement for details on automatic unit conversion--> | area_urban_km2 = 302.11 | area_metro_km2 = 615.37 | population_as_of = [[᱒᱐᱒᱒ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ|᱒᱐᱒᱒]] | population_total = 3230507<ref>{{cite web | title=Chittagong (City Corporation, Bangladesh) - Population Statistics, Charts, Map and Location | url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/bangladesh/admin/chittagong/1516__chittagong/ }}</ref> | population_density_km2 = | population_metro = 5653000<ref>{{cite web | title=Chittagong, Bangladesh Metro Area Population (1950-2025) | MacroTrends | url=https://www.macrotrends.net/global-metrics/cities/20115/chittagong/population }}</ref> | population_density_metro_km2 = auto | population_urban = 5253312<ref>{{cite web | title=Chattogram, Bangladesh Population (2025) - Population Stat | url=https://populationstat.com/bangladesh/chattogram }}</ref> | population_density_urban_km2 = auto | population_demonym = [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ|ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟᱱ]], [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ|ᱥᱤᱴᱟᱭᱤᱝᱜᱟ]], [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ|ᱪᱟᱴᱜᱟᱹᱭᱭᱟ]] | population_blank1_title = ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱸᱠ | population_blank1 = [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱠᱟᱹ|ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱒ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ]] | population_blank2_title = ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱚ ᱨᱮᱸᱠ | population_blank2 = [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱠᱚᱨᱯᱚᱨᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱠᱟᱹ|ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱒ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ]];<br />[[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ#ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱚ|ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱓ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ]]; | timezone = [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ|ᱵᱤ.ᱮᱥ.ᱴᱤ]] | utc_offset = +6 | coordinates = {{coord|22|20|06|N|91|49|57|E|region:BD-B_city(2581643)|display=inline,title}} | elevation_footnotes = <!--for references: use<ref> </ref> tags--> | elevation_m = 29 | elevation_ft = 95 | postal_code_type = [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱳᱥᱴᱟᱞ ᱠᱳᱰ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱠᱟᱹ|ᱯᱳᱥᱴᱟᱞ ᱠᱳᱰ]] | postal_code = 4000, 4100, 42xx | area_code_type = [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱮᱞᱤᱯᱷᱳᱱ ᱱᱚᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ|ᱠᱚᱞᱤᱝ ᱠᱳᱰ]] | area_code = +880 31 | demographics_type1 = [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ|ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ]] | demographics1_title1 = ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ | demographics1_info1 = [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ]]{{*}}[[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥᱤ ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ|ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ]] | demographics1_title2 = ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ | demographics1_info2 = [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟᱱ]] | demographics_type2 = | demographics2_footnotes = <ref name="বাংলাদেশ পরিসংখ্যান ব্যুরো">{{cite web | url=https://bbs.portal.gov.bd/site/page/b432a7e5-8b4d-4dac-a76c-a9be4e85828c | title=বাংলাদেশ পরিসংখ্যান ব্যুরো }}</ref> | demographics2_title1 = | demographics2_info1 = | blank_name_sec1 = [[ᱭᱩᱮᱱ/ᱞᱳᱠᱳᱰ (UN/LOCODE)]] | blank_info_sec1 = BD CGP | blank1_name_sec1 = {{nowrap|[[ᱡᱤᱰᱤᱯᱤ (GDP)]]}} (᱒᱐᱒᱖) | blank1_info_sec1 = [[ᱡᱤᱰᱤᱯᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱠᱟᱹ (PPP)|PPP]]<br />{{IncreasePositive}} $᱒᱓᱐.᱖ ᱵᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ<br />[[ᱡᱤᱰᱤᱯᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱠᱟᱹ (ᱱᱳᱢᱤᱱᱟᱞ)|ᱱᱳᱢᱤᱱᱟᱞ]]<br /> {{IncreasePositive}} $᱖᱑.᱓ ᱵᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ<ref>{{cite web |title=World Economic Outlook Database: Bangladesh (April 2026) |url=https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2026/April |publisher=International Monetary Fund }}</ref> | blank3_name_sec1 = [[ᱦᱤᱣᱢᱮᱱ ᱰᱮᱵᱷᱮᱞᱚᱯᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱤᱱᱰᱮᱠᱥ|HDI]] (᱒᱐᱒᱓) | blank3_info_sec1 = ᱐.᱖᱙᱕<br /> {{color|#FFD633|ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱢᱟᱞᱟ}} · [[ᱦᱤᱣᱢᱮᱱ ᱰᱮᱵᱷᱮᱞᱚᱯᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱤᱱᱰᱮᱠᱥ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱠᱟᱹ|᱒᱒ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱘ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ]] | blank4_name_sec1 = [[ᱯᱩᱞᱤᱥ]] | blank4_info_sec1 = [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱚᱯᱚᱞᱤᱴᱟᱱ ᱯᱩᱞᱤᱥ]] | blank5_name_sec1 = [[ᱡᱮᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ]] | blank5_info_sec1 = [[ᱥᱟᱦ ᱟᱢᱟᱱᱚᱛ ᱡᱮᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ]] | blank6_name_sec1 = ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱚᱯᱚᱞᱤᱴᱟᱱ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱤᱝ ᱚᱛᱷᱚᱨᱤᱴᱤ | blank6_info_sec1 = [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱰᱮᱵᱷᱮᱞᱚᱯᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱚᱛᱷᱚᱨᱤᱴᱤ]] | blank7_name_sec1 = ᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱯᱞᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱣᱟᱨᱮᱡᱽ ᱚᱛᱷᱚᱨᱤᱴᱤ | blank7_info_sec1 = [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱣᱟᱥᱟ (WASA)]] | website = {{URL|ccc.gov.bd}} | blank_emblem_size = 150px | blank_emblem_type = ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱠᱚᱨᱯᱚᱨᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱥᱤᱞ | image_seal = | seal_alt = ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱠᱚᱨᱯᱚᱨᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱥᱤᱞ | leader_party = | registration_plate = [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱨᱮᱡᱤᱥᱴᱨᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱯᱞᱮᱴ ᱠᱚ|CHATTO METRO -X-XX-XXXX ᱥᱮ CHATTOGRAM -X-XX-XXXX]] }} '''ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|tʃ|ɪ|t|ə|ɡ|ɒ|ŋ}} {{respell|CHIT|ə|gong}}),<ref name="dictionary1">{{cite web |title=Definition of Chittagong |url=https://www.dictionary.com/browse/chittagong |access-date=23 February 2022 |website=Dictionary.com |language=en}}</ref> [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱠᱟᱹ|ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ]] '''ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ'''<ref name="dt2Apr2018" /> ({{langx|bn|চট্টগ্রাম|Côṭṭôgrām}}, {{IPA|bn|ˈt͡ʃɔʈːoɡram|IPA|LL-Q9610 (ben)-Yahya-চট্টগ্রাম.wav}}, ᱥᱮᱨᱣᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ {{langx|bn|চাটগাঁও|Cāṭgão}}; {{langx|ctg|চিটাং|Sitang}}), ᱫᱚ [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱠᱟᱹ|ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ]] ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ]] ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱟᱨ [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱵᱷᱤᱲ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref name="thedailystar.net" /> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ|ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ|ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱪᱟᱪᱞᱟᱣ ᱢᱟᱹᱪᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ [[ᱠᱚᱨᱱᱚᱯᱷᱩᱞᱤ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ]] ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱮ ᱨᱮ [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ]] ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱒᱐᱒᱒ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ, ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱙.᱒ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web |title=Chittagong · Population |url=https://www.macrotrends.net/cities/20115/chittagong/population |access-date=30 April 2022 |website=population.city}}</ref> ᱒᱐᱒᱒ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ, ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱕.᱖ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bangladesh: Districts and Cities - Population Statistics, Maps, Charts, Weather and Web Information |url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/bangladesh/cities/ |access-date=2024-08-31 |website=www.citypopulation.de}}</ref> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱳᱨᱴ ᱦᱟᱵᱽ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱟ, ᱡᱩᱴ, ᱟᱨ ᱯᱮᱴᱨᱚᱞᱤᱭᱚᱢ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱡᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Chittagong|title=Chittagong|publisher=[[Britannica]]|access-date=June 15, 2026}}</ref> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱴᱷᱟᱶᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ|ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ]] ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱮ ᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟ᱾ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ [[ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ|ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱨᱵᱚᱨ]] ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ,<ref name="auto1">{{Cite book |last1=Ring |first1=Trudy |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=voerPYsAB5wC&q=chittagong+ptolemy&pg=PA186 |title=Asia and Oceania: International Dictionary of Historic Places |last2=Watson |first2=Noelle |last3=Schellinger |first3=Paul |date=12 November 2012 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-136-63979-1 |language=en}}</ref> ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ [[ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱜᱨᱤᱥ|ᱜᱨᱤᱠ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱨᱳᱢ|ᱨᱳᱢᱟᱱ]] ᱢᱮᱯ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ [[ᱴᱚᱞᱮᱢᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱢᱮᱯ]] ᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ [[ᱥᱤᱞᱠ ᱨᱳᱰ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱰᱟᱹᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱙ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ, [[ᱟᱵᱽᱵᱟᱥᱤᱫᱽ ᱠᱷᱟᱞᱤᱯᱷᱟᱛ]] ᱨᱤᱱ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ᱾<ref name="bp-arabs" /><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Islam |first1=Shariful |last2=Hoque |first2=Muhammad Manirul |title=Unpublished Umayyad and Abbasid Silver Coins in the Bangladesh National Museum |url=https://www.asiaticsociety.org.bd/journal/H_DEC_2017/4_H_Shariful%20%20%26%20Monir.pdf |journal=Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bangladesh |volume=62 |issue=2 |date=December 2017 |pages=205–231 |access-date=9 March 2022 |archive-date=9 October 2022 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://www.asiaticsociety.org.bd/journal/H_DEC_2017/4_H_Shariful%20%20&%20Monir.pdf |url-status=dead}}</ref> ᱑᱔ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱥᱞᱤᱢ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱱᱠᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ [[ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ ᱥᱩᱞᱛᱟᱱᱟᱛ]], [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱥᱩᱞᱛᱟᱱᱟᱛ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱢᱩᱜᱚᱞ ᱥᱟᱢᱨᱟᱡᱽ]] ᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ [[ᱴᱟᱠᱥᱟᱞ (ᱥᱩᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟ)|ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱴᱟᱠᱥᱟᱞ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web |url=https://en.banglapedia.org/index.php/Mint_Towns |title=Mint Towns |website=[[Banglapedia]] |date=5 August 2021 |access-date=16 March 2022}}</ref> ᱑᱕ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱑᱗ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ, ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ [[ᱟᱨᱟᱠᱟᱱ]] ᱨᱮ ᱪᱟᱪᱞᱟᱣ, ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ, ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱱᱦᱟ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱓᱕᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱤᱡ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱤ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱑᱖ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱚᱨᱛᱩᱜᱤᱡᱽ ᱵᱟᱥᱟ|ᱯᱚᱨᱛᱩᱜᱤᱡᱽ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ]] ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ [[ᱡᱳᱣᱟᱣ ᱰᱮ ᱵᱟᱨᱳᱥ]] ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ "ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱨᱟᱡᱚᱥᱴᱷᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱹᱬ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ" ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮᱭ ᱵᱚᱨᱱᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web |title=Chittagong {{!}} History, Population, & Facts |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Chittagong |access-date=23 February 2022 |website=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]] |language=en}}</ref> ᱢᱩᱜᱚᱞ ᱥᱟᱢᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱖᱖᱖ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱚᱨᱛᱩᱜᱤᱡᱽ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱨᱟᱠᱟᱱᱤᱡᱽ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱞᱟᱜᱟ ᱠᱮᱫ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ᱾ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱱᱚᱣᱟᱵᱽ|ᱱᱚᱣᱟᱵᱽ]] ᱑᱗᱙᱓ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ [[ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱤᱥᱴ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ]] ᱮᱢᱟᱫ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱭ᱾ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱘ᱰ᱗ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚᱦᱲᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱵᱷᱤᱲ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱡᱽ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱫᱚ [[ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱵᱚᱨᱢᱟ]] ᱥᱟᱶ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱑᱙᱒᱘ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ, ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ [[ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ "ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ" ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱜᱷᱚᱥᱱᱟ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ [[ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ]] ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ, ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ [[ᱵᱚᱨᱢᱟ ᱚᱵᱷᱤᱡᱟᱱ]] ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ [[ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱢᱤᱛᱨᱚ ᱯᱷᱟᱹᱫᱽ|ᱢᱤᱛᱨᱚ ᱯᱷᱟᱹᱫᱽ]] ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱷᱟᱹᱴᱤ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱑᱙᱔᱐ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱥᱚᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱠᱷᱟᱱᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱠᱟᱭᱛᱮ [[ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ]] ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ [[ᱟᱥᱟᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱯᱟᱠᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱴᱟᱨᱢᱤᱱᱟᱥ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱑᱙᱗᱑ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ]] ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ, ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥᱤ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱜᱷᱚᱥᱱᱟ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ [[ᱦᱟᱢᱟᱞ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱜᱟᱲ]], ᱞᱚᱡᱤᱥᱴᱤᱠᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱞᱟᱵᱽ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟ᱾ ᱑᱙᱙᱐ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱥᱚᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱨᱮᱰ ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱᱤᱡᱚᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱰᱤᱯᱤ (GDP) ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱑᱒% ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱔᱐% ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱜᱟᱲ ᱟᱨᱡᱟᱣ, ᱘᱐% [[ᱡᱮᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ]], ᱟᱨ ᱕᱐% [[ᱠᱷᱟᱡᱽᱱᱟ]] ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ [[ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱤᱲ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱱᱮᱵᱷᱤ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱵᱤᱮᱱᱮᱥ ᱤᱥᱟ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ|ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱵᱮᱥ]] ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱯᱷᱚᱨᱥ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱵᱮᱥ, [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱟᱨᱢᱤ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱮᱨᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱠᱳᱥᱴ ᱜᱟᱨᱰ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱵᱮᱥ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱡᱳᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱴᱚᱠ ᱮᱠᱥᱪᱮᱸᱡᱽ]] ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱥᱴᱚᱠ ᱢᱟᱨᱠᱮᱴ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱗᱐᱐ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ᱾ [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱪᱟ ᱱᱤᱞᱟᱢ]] ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ [[ᱠᱚᱢᱚᱰᱤᱴᱤ ᱮᱠᱥᱪᱮᱸᱡᱽ]] ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱟ ᱟᱨᱡᱟᱣ|ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥᱤ ᱪᱟ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱮᱫᱼᱟ᱾ [[ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱳᱨᱴ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱮᱥᱤᱝ ᱡᱳᱱ|CEPZ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱠᱚᱨᱱᱚᱯᱷᱩᱞᱤ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱳᱨᱴ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱮᱥᱤᱝ ᱡᱳᱱ|KEPZ]] ᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱫᱮᱥᱤ ᱥᱚᱡᱷᱮ ᱤᱱᱵᱷᱮᱥᱴᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱜᱟᱲ ᱡᱳᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ [[ᱥᱟᱦ ᱟᱢᱟᱱᱚᱛ ᱡᱮᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ]] ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ [[ᱠᱚᱨᱱᱚᱯᱷᱩᱞᱤ ᱴᱚᱱᱮᱞ]], ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱠᱞᱟ [[ᱫᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱴᱚᱱᱮᱞ|ᱫᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱲᱚᱠ ᱴᱚᱱᱮᱞ]], ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ, ᱱᱳᱵᱮᱞ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ [[ᱢᱩᱦᱟᱢᱢᱚᱫᱽ ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱩᱥ]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/2006/yunus/facts/|title=Muhammad Yunus|website=nobelprize.org|access-date=June 15, 2026}}</ref>, ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ, ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ [[ᱢᱩᱥᱞᱤᱢ]] ᱥᱟᱸᱜᱮ ᱮᱞ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ, ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥᱤ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱥᱤᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ [[ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ ᱠᱚ|ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ]], [[ᱤᱥᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱚ|ᱤᱥᱟᱹᱭ]], [[ᱪᱟᱠᱢᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ|ᱪᱟᱠᱢᱟ]], [[ᱢᱟᱨᱢᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ|ᱢᱟᱨᱢᱟ]], [[ᱵᱚᱨᱩᱣᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ|ᱵᱚᱨᱩᱣᱟ]], [[ᱛᱨᱤᱯᱩᱨᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ|ᱛᱨᱤᱯᱩᱨᱤ]], [[ᱜᱟᱨᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ|ᱜᱟᱨᱚ]] ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ᱾ ==ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ== {{main|ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱠᱚ}} ''ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ'' ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ|ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ]] ᱫᱚ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref name=gazetteer>{{cite book |last=O'Malley |first=L.S.S. |date=1908 |title=Chittagong |url=http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc1.b2878583;view=1up;seq=19 |series=Eastern Bengal District Gazetteers |volume=11A |location=Calcutta |publisher=The Bengal Secretariat Book Depot |page=1 |access-date=8 August 2015}}</ref> ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ, ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ''ᱪᱟᱴᱤᱜᱟᱶ'', ''ᱪᱟᱴᱤᱜᱟᱢ'', ''ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢᱟ'', ''ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ'', ''ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱞᱟ'', ''ᱪᱚᱭᱛᱭᱚᱵᱷᱩᱢᱤ'' ᱟᱨ ''ᱯᱳᱨᱴᱳ ᱜᱨᱟᱱᱰᱮ ᱰᱮ ᱵᱮᱝᱜᱟᱞᱟ''᱾<ref>{{cite news |title=Bangladesh changes English spellings of five districts |url=https://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/bangladesh-changes-english-spellings-of-five-districts |work=[[bdnews24.com]] |date=2 April 2018}}</ref> ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ, ''ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ (চট্টগ্রাম)'', ᱨᱮ "''-ᱜᱨᱟᱢ''" (গ্রাম) ᱛᱚᱸᱜᱮᱱ (ᱯᱚᱛᱛᱚᱭ) ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ ᱫᱚ [[ᱢᱟᱱᱚᱠ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ|ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ]] ᱛᱮ "ᱟᱹᱛᱩ" ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱴᱮᱨᱚᱜ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱚᱭᱛᱭᱚ ᱥᱮ ᱵᱩᱫᱫᱷᱚ ᱢᱚᱴᱷ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱥᱟᱸᱜᱮ ᱵᱩᱫᱫᱷᱚ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱢᱩᱜᱚᱞ ᱡᱩᱜᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ''ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ (ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ)'' ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱤᱛ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱞ ᱒᱐᱑᱘ ᱨᱮ, [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ|ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱟᱜ]] [[ᱠᱮᱵᱤᱱᱮᱴ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ]] ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟᱭ;<ref name="dt2Apr2018">{{cite news |url=https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/142256/mixed-reactions-as-govt-changes-english-spellings|title=Mixed reactions as govt changes English spellings of 5 district names |work=[[Dhaka Tribune]] |date=2 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240206234258/https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/142256/mixed-reactions-as-govt-changes-english-spellings |archive-date=6 February 2024 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://thefinancialexpress.com.bd/public/index.php/trade/experts-warn-of-trade-hits-from-renaming-chittagong-1522644725 |title=Experts warn of trade hits from renaming Chittagong |work=[[The Financial Express (Bangladesh)]] |access-date=21 March 2019 |archive-date=30 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211130225309/https://thefinancialexpress.com.bd/public/index.php/trade/experts-warn-of-trade-hits-from-renaming-chittagong-1522644725 |url-status=dead}}</ref> ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥᱤ ᱢᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱤᱨᱳᱫᱷ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite news |last=Chowdhury |first=Umran |title=From a commercial capital to a village |url=https://www.dhakatribune.com/opinion/op-ed/142537/from-a-commercial-capital-to-a-village |work=[[Dhaka Tribune]] |date=5 April 2018 |type=Opinion}}</ref> ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱚᱨᱱᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱟᱨᱚᱵᱽ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ''ᱥᱟᱛ ᱟᱞ ᱜᱷᱟᱝᱜᱷ'' ({{langx|ar|شط الغنغ}}) ᱠᱚ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ''ᱥᱟᱛ'' ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ ᱫᱚ "ᱫᱤᱯ (Delta)" ᱟᱨ ''ᱜᱷᱟᱝᱜᱷ'' ᱫᱚ ᱜᱟᱝ ᱱᱟᱹᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ, ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ''ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱞᱟ'' ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref name=gazetteer/><ref name="banglapedia.org">{{cite book |last=Osmany |first=Shireen Hasan |year=2012 |chapter=Chittagong City |chapter-url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Chittagong_City |editor1-last=Islam |editor1-first=Sirajul |editor1-link=Sirajul Islam |editor2-last=Jamal |editor2-first=Ahmed A. |title=Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh |edition=Second |publisher=[[Asiatic Society of Bangladesh]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Bernoulli |first1=Jean |last2=Rennell |first2=James |last3=Anquetil-Duperron |first3=M. |last4=Tieffenthaller |first4=Joseph |date=1786 |title=Description historique et géographique de l'Inde |url=http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=nyp.33433003306010;view=image;seq=544 |volume=2 |location=Berlin |publisher=C. S. Spener |language=fr |page=408 |access-date=8 August 2015}}</ref> [[ᱨᱟᱠᱷᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ|ᱟᱨᱟᱠᱟᱱᱤᱡᱽ]] ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱩ-ᱞᱟ-ᱛᱟᱭᱤᱝ ᱥᱟᱱᱫᱟᱭᱟ (ᱥᱩᱞᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱤᱝ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ) ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱵᱮᱝᱜᱚᱞ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ, ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱫᱷᱤᱨᱤ ᱠᱷᱩᱱᱴᱤ ᱴᱨᱚᱯᱷᱤ/ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮᱭ ᱵᱤᱫ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ''ᱛᱥᱛ-ᱛᱟ-ᱜᱟᱣᱝ'' ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ᱾<ref name="A History of Chittagong">{{cite book |last=Quanungo |first=Suniti Bhushan |date=1988 |title=A History of Chittagong |volume=1 |location=Chittagong |publisher=Dipanka Quanungol Billan Printers |page=17}}</ref> == ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜ == ===ᱚᱛ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ=== [[File:Mohammad Yusuf Chowdhury Road from CRB hill (03).jpg|thumb|ᱴᱟᱭᱜᱟᱨᱯᱟᱥ ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱢᱢᱚᱫᱽ ᱤᱣᱥᱩᱯᱷ ᱪᱚᱣᱫᱷᱩᱨᱤ ᱥᱚᱲᱚᱠ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱩᱫᱟᱹᱦᱟᱹᱨᱚᱬ]] ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ {{Coord|22|20|06|N|91|49|57|E|type:city_region:BD}} ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ-ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱮ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ [[ᱠᱚᱨᱱᱚᱯᱷᱩᱞᱤ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ]] ᱫᱚ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱞᱤᱸᱜᱤᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱥᱮᱫ {{convert|12|km}} ᱥᱟᱺᱜᱤᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ [[ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱱᱟ]] ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱚᱝᱜᱚᱯᱥᱟᱜᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱩᱨᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱥᱤᱛᱟᱠᱩᱸᱰᱚ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱪᱚᱴ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱫᱚ {{convert|351|m}} ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref name="muhammadyunus.org">{{cite web |url=http://muhammadyunus.org/index.php/about-chittagong |title=About Chittagong |work=muhammadyunus.org |access-date=6 June 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150504052237/http://muhammadyunus.org/index.php/about-chittagong |archive-date=4 May 2015 |url-status=dead}}</ref> ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ, ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱪᱚᱴ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱴᱟᱞᱤ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱫᱚ {{convert|85.3|m}} ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱡᱷᱤᱞ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱜᱷᱚᱞ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱑᱙᱒᱔ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ, ᱟᱥᱟᱢ ᱵᱮᱝᱜᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱤᱧᱡᱤᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤᱝ ᱴᱤᱢ [[ᱯᱷᱚᱭᱮᱥ ᱞᱮᱠ]] ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ᱾<ref name="muhammadyunus.org"/> [[ᱜᱚᱝᱜᱟ]] (ᱥᱮ [[ᱯᱚᱫᱽᱫᱟ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ|ᱯᱚᱫᱽᱢᱟ]]) ᱟᱨ [[ᱵᱨᱚᱦᱢᱚᱯᱩᱛᱨᱚ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱹᱛᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱜᱤᱛᱤᱞ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱱ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱩᱣᱟᱹᱨ-ᱵᱷᱟᱴᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱚᱛ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Murray |first1=N.J. |last2=Clemens |first2=R.S. |last3=Phinn |first3=S.R. |last4=Possingham |first4=H.P. |last5=Fuller |first5=R.A. |title=Tracking the rapid loss of tidal wetlands in the Yellow Sea |journal=Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment |date=2014 |volume=12 |issue=5 |pages=267–272 |doi=10.1890/130260 |bibcode=2014FrEE...12..267M |url=https://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/60169/1/130260.pdf}}</ref> ===ᱥᱟᱪᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ=== ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱹᱬ [[ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱵᱷᱮᱱᱮᱜᱟᱨ]] ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱖᱐᱐᱐ ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱒᱐᱐᱐ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱨᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bdhcdelhi.org/index.php/flora-fauna |title=Flora and Fauna – Bangladesh high commission in India |work=bdhcdelhi.org |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130820012655/http://www.bdhcdelhi.org/index.php/flora-fauna |archive-date=20 August 2013}}</ref> ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ [[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱱᱟ]], ᱩᱥᱟᱹᱨᱟ ᱞᱤᱸᱜᱤᱱ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱱᱟᱞᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱨᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱮᱨᱮᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[Stᱥᱮᱱᱴ ᱢᱟᱨᱴᱤᱱ ᱫᱤᱯ]] ᱫᱚ, ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱠᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ [[ᱯᱨᱚᱵᱟᱞ ᱫᱤᱯ]] ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ [[ᱠᱚᱠᱥᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱹᱠᱩ ᱥᱟᱵ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱤᱞᱤᱧ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ ᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ, ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ [[ᱵᱟᱱᱫᱟᱨᱵᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ|ᱵᱟᱱᱫᱚᱨᱵᱚᱱ]], [[ᱨᱟᱝᱜᱟᱢᱟᱴᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ|ᱨᱟᱝᱟᱢᱟᱴᱤ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱠᱷᱟᱜᱽᱲᱟᱪᱷᱟᱨᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ|ᱠᱷᱟᱜᱽᱲᱟᱪᱷᱚᱲᱤ]] ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱠᱟᱹ|ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱠᱚ]] ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱨᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ [[ᱴᱮᱠᱱᱟᱯᱷ ᱜᱮᱢ ᱨᱤᱡᱟᱨᱵᱷ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱥᱤᱛᱟᱠᱩᱸᱰᱚ ᱵᱚᱴᱟᱱᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱜᱟᱨᱰᱮᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱤᱠᱳ ᱯᱟᱨᱠ]] ᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bforest.gov.bd/index.php/protected-areas |title=Protected Areas |work=bforest.gov.bd |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130817044542/http://bforest.gov.bd/index.php/protected-areas |archive-date=17 August 2013}}</ref> [[ᱯᱚᱛᱮᱝᱜᱟ]] ᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱮ ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱥᱮᱫ {{convert|14|km}} ᱥᱟᱺᱜᱤᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ===ᱦᱚᱭ-ᱦᱤᱥᱤᱫ=== [[ᱠᱳᱯᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱭ-ᱦᱤᱥᱤᱫ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ]] ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ [[ᱠᱨᱟᱱᱛᱤᱭᱳ ᱢᱚᱣᱥᱩᱢᱤ ᱦᱚᱭ-ᱦᱤᱥᱤᱫ]] (Am) ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref name=Peel>{{cite journal |last1=Peel |first1=M. C. |last2=Finlayson |first2=B. L. |last3=McMahon |first3=T. A. |year=2007 |title=Updated world map of the Köppen–Geiger climate classification |journal=Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. |volume=11 |pages=1633–1644 |doi=10.5194/hess-11-1633-2007 |url=http://www.hydrol-earth-syst-sci.net/11/1633/2007/hess-11-1633-2007.pdf |issn=1027-5606 |issue=5 |bibcode=2007HESS...11.1633P |doi-access=free}}</ref> ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ [[ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱨᱟᱱᱛᱤᱭᱳ ᱜᱷᱩᱨᱱᱤ ᱦᱚᱭ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱞᱜᱟ ᱛᱮᱜᱮ ᱧᱩᱨᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨᱟᱱ ᱠᱨᱟᱱᱛᱤᱭᱳ ᱜᱷᱩᱨᱱᱤ ᱦᱚᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ [[᱑᱙᱙᱑ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱜᱷᱩᱨᱱᱤ ᱦᱚᱭ]], ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱓᱘,᱐᱐᱐ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱜᱚᱡ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱑᱐ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ (᱑ ᱠᱳᱴᱤ) ᱜᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱜᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾<ref name="NOAA">{{cite web |url=http://www.noaanews.noaa.gov/stories/images/global.pdf |title=NOAA's Top Global Weather, Water and Climate Events of the 20th Century |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |year=2012 |work=NOAA Backgrounder |access-date=30 April 2012}}</ref> {{Chittagong weatherbox}} fvxd8oensom9k0xlsayu9b1rintukgf 14 36279 193132 2026-06-25T12:00:29Z MT731 2184 MT731 ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱡ [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱜᱩᱴ]] ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱫᱚ [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ]] ᱧᱤᱛᱩᱢᱨᱮ ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟᱭ 193132 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[:ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ]] oqeu5ami74f8li6owab2e9tf4wvs51r 10 36280 193135 2026-06-25T12:06:13Z MT731 2184 MT731 ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱡ [[ᱪᱷᱟᱸᱪ:ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱜᱩᱴ]] ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱫᱚ [[ᱪᱷᱟᱸᱪ:ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ]] ᱧᱤᱛᱩᱢᱨᱮ ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟᱭ 193135 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[ᱪᱷᱟᱸᱪ:ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ]] 1jizri3vbsnrx7road2ux92paa3oz94 10 36281 193150 2026-06-26T03:54:05Z ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱗ 1744 "{{Weather box |name = Chittagong weatherbox |location = ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ (᱑᱙᱙᱑–᱒᱐᱒᱐, ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱑᱙᱓᱗-ᱱᱤᱛ) |width = auto |metric first = Yes |single line = Yes |Jan record high C = 33.4 |Feb record high C = 36.0 |Mar record high C = 37.2 |Apr record high C = 39.6 |May record high C = 39.5 |Jun record high C = 37.7 |Jul record high C = 36.5 |Aug record high C = 35.8..." ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ 193150 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Weather box |name = Chittagong weatherbox |location = ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ (᱑᱙᱙᱑–᱒᱐᱒᱐, ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱑᱙᱓᱗-ᱱᱤᱛ) |width = auto |metric first = Yes |single line = Yes |Jan record high C = 33.4 |Feb record high C = 36.0 |Mar record high C = 37.2 |Apr record high C = 39.6 |May record high C = 39.5 |Jun record high C = 37.7 |Jul record high C = 36.5 |Aug record high C = 35.8 |Sep record high C = 36.7 |Oct record high C = 36.0 |Nov record high C = 35.5 |Dec record high C = 33.5 |year record high C = |Jan high C = 25.9 |Feb high C = 28.6 |Mar high C = 31.1 |Apr high C = 32.2 |May high C = 32.5 |Jun high C = 31.8 |Jul high C = 31.1 |Aug high C = 31.4 |Sep high C = 31.9 |Oct high C = 31.7 |Nov high C = 30.0 |Dec high C = 27.1 |year high C = 30.4 |Jan mean C = 19.8 |Feb mean C = 22.5 |Mar mean C = 26.1 |Apr mean C = 28.2 |May mean C = 28.8 |Jun mean C = 28.6 |Jul mean C = 28.1 |Aug mean C = 28.2 |Sep mean C = 28.4 |Oct mean C = 27.8 |Nov mean C = 24.9 |Dec mean C = 21.2 |year mean C = 26.1 |Jan low C = 14.2 |Feb low C = 16.7 |Mar low C = 21.0 |Apr low C = 24.1 |May low C = 25.2 |Jun low C = 25.6 |Jul low C = 25.5 |Aug low C = 25.6 |Sep low C = 25.5 |Oct low C = 24.4 |Nov low C = 20.5 |Dec low C = 16.0 |year low C = 22.0 |Jan record low C = 7.7 |Feb record low C = 10.6 |Mar record low C = 14.0 |Apr record low C = 16.5 |May record low C = 18.0 |Jun record low C = 20.5 |Jul record low C = 21.5 |Aug record low C = 21.0 |Sep record low C = 21.0 |Oct record low C = 19.5 |Nov record low C = 11.0 |Dec record low C = 9.9 |year record low C = 7.7 |precipitation colour = green |Jan precipitation mm = 9 |Feb precipitation mm = 21 |Mar precipitation mm = 49 |Apr precipitation mm = 103 |May precipitation mm = 333 |Jun precipitation mm = 627 |Jul precipitation mm = 718 |Aug precipitation mm = 533 |Sep precipitation mm = 282 |Oct precipitation mm = 231 |Nov precipitation mm = 47 |Dec precipitation mm = 11 |year precipitation mm = |unit precipitation days = 1 mm |Jan precipitation days = 1 |Feb precipitation days = 1 |Mar precipitation days = 3 |Apr precipitation days = 6 |May precipitation days = 14 |Jun precipitation days = 19 |Jul precipitation days = 21 |Aug precipitation days = 21 |Sep precipitation days = 17 |Oct precipitation days = 10 |Nov precipitation days = 3 |Dec precipitation days = 1 |year precipitation days = |Jan humidity = 73 |Feb humidity = 70 |Mar humidity = 74 |Apr humidity = 77 |May humidity = 79 |Jun humidity = 83 |Jul humidity = 85 |Aug humidity = 85 |Sep humidity = 83 |Oct humidity = 81 |Nov humidity = 78 |Dec humidity = 75 |year humidity = 79 |Jan sun = 231.5 |Feb sun = 232.4 |Mar sun = 245.8 |Apr sun = 242.2 |May sun = 220.3 |Jun sun = 163.0 |Jul sun = 151.9 |Aug sun = 163.5 |Sep sun = 176.0 |Oct sun = 218.7 |Nov sun = 235.9 |Dec sun = 230.6 |year sun = | source 1 = [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|ᱮᱱ.ᱳ.ᱮ.ᱮ.]]<ref name="WMONormals">{{cite web |url = https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/archive/arc0216/0253808/4.4/data/0-data/Region-2-WMO-Normals-9120/Bangladesh/CSV/Chittagong_41978.csv |title = ᱑᱙᱙᱑-᱒᱐᱒᱐ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱦᱚᱭ-ᱦᱤᱥᱤᱫ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱦᱚᱭ-ᱦᱤᱥᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ |publisher = ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱭ-ᱦᱤᱥᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ |access-date = ᱑᱓ ᱡᱩᱱ ᱒᱐᱒᱔}}</ref> |source 2 = [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱦᱚᱭ-ᱦᱤᱥᱤᱫ ᱵᱤᱵᱷᱟᱜᱽ]] (ᱟᱨᱫᱽᱨᱚᱛᱟ ᱑᱙᱘᱑-᱒᱐᱑᱐), <ref name=climatereport>{{cite web | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20181224171550/http://bmd.gov.bd/file/2016/08/17/pdf/21827.pdf | archive-date = ᱒᱔ ᱰᱤᱥᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱑᱘ | url = http://bmd.gov.bd/file/2016/08/17/pdf/21827.pdf | title = ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱭ-ᱦᱤᱥᱤᱫ | publisher = ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱦᱚᱭ-ᱦᱤᱥᱤᱫ ᱵᱤᱵᱷᱟᱜᱽ | access-date = ᱒᱔ ᱰᱤᱥᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱑᱘}}</ref><ref name = BMDhumidity> {{cite web | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20181224172119/http://bmd.gov.bd/file/2016/08/17/pdf/52.pdf | archive-date = ᱒᱔ ᱰᱤᱥᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱑᱘ | url = http://www.bmd.gov.bd/?/p/=Monthly-Humidity-Normal-Data | title = ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱨᱫᱽᱨᱚᱛᱟ | publisher = ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱦᱚᱭ-ᱦᱤᱥᱤᱫ ᱵᱤᱵᱷᱟᱜᱽ | access-date = ᱒᱔ ᱰᱤᱥᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱑᱘}}</ref> ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱮᱢᱟ ᱰᱮ ᱠᱞᱟᱥᱤᱯᱷᱤᱠᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱠᱞᱟᱭᱢᱮᱴᱤᱠᱟ ᱢᱩᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟᱞ (ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ)<ref name=extremes>{{cite web | url=http://www.globalbioclimatics.org/station/ba-chitt.htm | title=ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ - ᱪᱚᱴᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ | publisher=ᱥᱮᱱᱴᱨᱳ ᱰᱮ ᱤᱱᱵᱷᱮᱥᱴᱤᱜᱮᱥᱤᱭᱳᱱᱮᱥ ᱯᱷᱟᱭᱴᱳᱥᱳᱥᱤᱭᱳᱞᱳᱡᱤᱠᱟᱥ | language=es | access-date=᱒᱓ ᱯᱷᱮᱵᱽᱨᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱒᱐᱑᱓ | archive-date=᱗ ᱡᱟᱱᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱒᱐᱑᱙ | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190107000030/http://www.globalbioclimatics.org/station/ba-chitt.htm%20 | url-status=dead }}</ref> }} <noinclude> 55elp9zqb3pr00mr86dbemso9b72qy2 0 36282 193163 2026-06-26T10:12:25Z MT731 2184 "{{Short description|ᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱭᱟᱨᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱞᱰᱤᱝ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ}} {{Infobox company | name = ᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱞᱤᱢᱤᱴᱮᱰ | logo = Air India 2023.svg | type = [[ᱜᱚᱲᱚᱭᱤᱡ]] | slogan = | founded = {{Start date and age|2007|03|30|df=yes}} | founder = | hq_location = ..." ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ 193163 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|ᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱭᱟᱨᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱞᱰᱤᱝ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ}} {{Infobox company | name = ᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱞᱤᱢᱤᱴᱮᱰ | logo = Air India 2023.svg | type = [[ᱜᱚᱲᱚᱭᱤᱡ]] | slogan = | founded = {{Start date and age|2007|03|30|df=yes}} | founder = | hq_location = [[ᱜᱩᱨᱜᱟᱶ|ᱜᱩᱨᱩᱜᱨᱟᱢ]], ᱦᱚᱨᱤᱭᱟᱬᱟ, ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ | key_people = {{Unbulleted list | [[ᱱᱚᱴᱚᱨᱟᱡᱚᱱ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱥᱮᱠᱷᱚᱨᱚᱱ|ᱮᱱ. ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱥᱮᱠᱷᱚᱨᱚᱱ]]<br>(ᱪᱮᱭᱟᱨᱢᱮᱱ) | [[ᱠᱮᱢᱯᱵᱮᱞ ᱣᱤᱞᱥᱚᱱ]]<br>(ᱥᱤ.ᱤ.ᱳ. ᱟᱨ ᱮᱢ.ᱰᱤ.) }} | industry = [[ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱜᱟᱹᱰᱤ]] | services = <div> *[[ᱮᱭᱟᱨᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ]] *[[ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱫᱟᱬᱟᱱ]] *[[ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱜᱨᱟᱣᱩᱱᱰ ᱦᱮᱱᱰᱞᱤᱝ]] </div> | divisions = *[[ᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ]] * [[ᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱮᱠᱯᱨᱮᱥ]] * ᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱮᱥ ᱴᱤ ᱮᱥ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱠᱚ * AI ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱠᱚ | owner = [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ]] (᱗᱔.᱙%)<br>[[ᱥᱤᱝᱜᱟᱯᱩᱨ ᱮᱭᱟᱨᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱᱥ]] (᱒᱕.᱑%) | revenue = {{increase}} {{INRConvert|78636|c}} (FY25)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.tata.com/content/dam/tata/pdf/fy25/Tata-Sons-Annual-Report-FY25.pdf|title=Tata Sons Annual Report 2025|publisher=Tata Sons|access-date=11 August 2023|archive-date=10 August 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230810230237/https://www.tata.com/content/dam/tata/pdf/fy23/Tata-Sons-Annual-Report-FY23.pdf.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> | net_income = {{decrease}} {{INRConvert|-10859|c}} (FY25)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.tata.com/content/dam/tata/pdf/fy25/Tata-Sons-Annual-Report-FY25.pdf|title=Tata Sons Annual Report 2025|publisher=Tata Sons|access-date=11 August 2023|archive-date=10 August 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230810230237/https://www.tata.com/content/dam/tata/pdf/fy23/Tata-Sons-Annual-Report-FY23.pdf.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> | num_employees = ~᱑᱘,᱐᱐᱐ (᱒᱐᱒᱔)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.financialexpress.com/business/airlines-aviation-air-indias-transformation-bearing-fruit-says-campbell-wilson-3617218/|title=Air India's transformation bearing fruit, says Campbell Wilson|date=21 September 2024|publisher=Financial Express}}</ref> | website = }} '''ᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱞᱤᱢᱤᱴᱮᱰ''' ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱦᱚᱞᱰᱤᱝ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ [[ᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱨᱮᱥ]] ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬ ᱫᱷᱟᱯ [[ᱜᱩᱨᱜᱟᱶ]] ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤᱠ ᱫᱚ [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ]] (᱗᱔.᱙%) ᱟᱨ [[ᱥᱤᱝᱜᱟᱯᱩᱨ ᱮᱭᱟᱨᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱᱥ]] (᱒᱕.᱑%) ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱒᱒ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱤᱡ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱱᱴᱨᱟᱞ ᱯᱚᱵᱽᱞᱤᱠ ᱥᱮᱠᱴᱚᱨ ᱮᱱᱴᱚᱨᱯᱨᱟᱭᱤᱡᱽ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ]] ᱢᱟᱞᱤᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱵᱷᱤᱞ ᱮᱵᱤᱭᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱱᱛᱨᱟᱞᱟᱭ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱟᱨᱤ ᱠᱚᱵᱚᱡᱽ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ==ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ== ᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱞᱤᱢᱤᱴᱮᱰ ᱫᱚ ᱓᱐ ᱢᱟᱨᱪ ᱒᱐᱐᱗ ᱦᱤᱞᱚᱜ [[ᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱮᱭᱟᱨᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱᱥ]] ᱢᱤᱞᱟᱹᱣ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ '''ᱱᱮᱥᱱᱟᱞ ᱮᱵᱤᱭᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱞᱤᱢᱤᱴᱮᱰ''' ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite web|url=http://india.gov.in/sectors/transport/airindia.php |title=NACIL |publisher=India.gov.in |access-date=2012-10-14 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110908003503/http://india.gov.in/sectors/transport/airindia.php |archive-date=8 September 2011 }}</ref> ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱖ ᱚᱠᱴᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱑᱐ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱞᱤᱢᱤᱴᱮᱰ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/india-business/Maharaja-gets-back-old-name-/articleshow/6812524.cms|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|title=Maharaja gets back old name|access-date=2012-10-14|archive-date=14 February 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190214034821/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/india-business/Maharaja-gets-back-old-name-/articleshow/6812524.cms|url-status=live}}</ref> ᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱞᱤᱢᱤᱴᱮᱰ ᱫᱚ [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ]] ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱟᱹᱠᱷᱨᱤᱧ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱯᱨᱟᱭᱣᱮᱴᱟᱭᱤᱡᱽ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱘ ᱚᱠᱴᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱒᱑ ᱨᱮ, [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱥᱚᱱᱥ]] ᱫᱚ [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ]] ᱑᱘᱐ ᱵᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ (US$2.44 ᱵᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ) ᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ, ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲ ᱰᱤᱞ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱞᱤᱢᱤᱴᱮᱰ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱑᱕᱓ ᱟᱨᱟᱵᱽ (US$2.07 ᱵᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ) ᱨᱤᱱ ᱮ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite web |last1=Mishra |first2=Rhik |last2=Kundu|first1=Asit Ranjan |title=After 70 yrs, the Maharaja returns home to the Tatas |url=https://www.livemint.com/companies/news/air-india-returns-to-tata-group-s-fold-after-68-years-11633698649000.html |website=mint |access-date=10 October 2021 |language=en |date=8 October 2021 |archive-date=10 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211010091224/https://www.livemint.com/companies/news/air-india-returns-to-tata-group-s-fold-after-68-years-11633698649000.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Air India acquisition: What Tatas will get |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/india-business/air-india-acquisition-what-tatas-will-get/articleshow/86871669.cms |access-date=8 October 2021 |work=The Times of India |language=en |archive-date=8 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211008152512/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/india-business/air-india-acquisition-what-tatas-will-get/articleshow/86871669.cms |url-status=live }}</ref> ᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱞᱤᱢᱤᱴᱮᱰ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱹᱠᱷᱩᱞ ᱔᱖᱒.᱖᱒ ᱵᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ (᱖.᱒᱖ ᱵᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱰᱚᱞᱟᱨ) ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱟᱞᱟᱦᱮᱞ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite web |title=Another smaller government-owned airline to go under hammer |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/business-economy/companies/article/another-smaller-government-owned-airline-to-go-under-hammer/822208 |website=Times Now |date=10 October 2021 |access-date=10 October 2021 |language=en |archive-date=10 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211010035140/https://www.timesnownews.com/business-economy/companies/article/another-smaller-government-owned-airline-to-go-under-hammer/822208 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Mishra |first1=Mihir |title=After Air India, government set to sell Alliance Air under asset-disposal programme |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/transportation/airlines-/-aviation/after-air-india-govt-set-to-sell-alliance-air-under-asset-disposal-programme/articleshow/86905133.cms |website=The Economic Times |access-date=10 October 2021 |archive-date=10 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211010044236/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/transportation/airlines-/-aviation/after-air-india-govt-set-to-sell-alliance-air-under-asset-disposal-programme/articleshow/86905133.cms |url-status=live }}</ref> ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ [[ᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱵᱷᱤᱥᱛᱟᱨᱟ]] ᱫᱚ ᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱞᱤᱢᱤᱴᱮᱰ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱢᱤᱞᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱤᱥᱤᱟᱭᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱱᱮᱦᱚᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ,<ref>{{Cite news |last=Phadnis |first=Arindam Maujmder & Aneesh |date=2022-04-27 |title=Tata Group approaches CCI for merger between Air India and AirAsia India |work=Business Standard |location=India |url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/companies/tata-group-approaches-cci-for-merger-between-air-india-and-airasia-india-122042700273_1.html |access-date=2022-06-28 |archive-date=28 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220628022100/https://www.business-standard.com/article/companies/tata-group-approaches-cci-for-merger-between-air-india-and-airasia-india-122042700273_1.html |url-status=live }}</ref> ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱔ ᱡᱩᱱ ᱒᱐᱒᱒ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite news |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |date=2022-06-14 |title=CCI approves proposed acquisition of AirAsia India by Air India |work=Business Standard |location=India |url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/companies/cci-approves-acquisition-of-airasia-india-by-air-india-122061400783_1.html |access-date=2022-06-28 |archive-date=28 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220628022059/https://www.business-standard.com/article/companies/cci-approves-acquisition-of-airasia-india-by-air-india-122061400783_1.html |url-status=live }}</ref> ᱒᱐᱒᱔ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱵᱷᱤᱥᱛᱟᱨᱟ ᱢᱤᱞᱟᱹᱣ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ, [[ᱥᱤᱝᱜᱟᱯᱩᱨ ᱮᱭᱟᱨᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱᱥ]] ᱫᱚ ᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱞᱤᱢᱤᱴᱮᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱒᱕.᱑% ᱦᱤᱥ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱠᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱾<ref>{{cite news |last1=Sharma |first1=Sukalp |title=Air India, Singapore Airlines announce successful completion of Air India-Vistara merger |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/business/aviation/air-india-vistara-merger-complete-5600-weekly-flights-9666031/ |access-date=16 June 2025 |work=The Indian Express |date=13 November 2024 |language=en}}</ref> ᱒᱐᱒᱓ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱭᱟᱨᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱱᱟᱣᱤᱭᱟᱹ [[ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱜᱤᱨ ᱨᱚᱛᱚᱱᱡᱤ ᱫᱟᱫᱟᱵᱷᱟᱭ ᱴᱟᱴᱟ|ᱡᱮ. ᱟᱨ. ᱰᱤ. ᱴᱟᱴᱟ]] ᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱦᱤᱞᱚᱜ [[ᱜᱩᱨᱜᱟᱶ]] ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬ ᱫᱷᱟᱯ ᱩᱰᱩᱝ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="Air India Headquarters">{{cite web |title=Air India corporate information |url=https://www.airindia.com/in/en/corporate-information.html |website=Air India |access-date=7 September 2023 |archive-date=7 September 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230907151434/https://www.airindia.com/in/en/corporate-information.html |url-status=live }}</ref> ==ᱜᱚᱬᱦᱚᱱ==<!-- "Air India structure" redirects here --> ===ᱠᱚᱨᱯᱚᱨᱮᱴ ᱥᱴᱨᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ=== ᱑᱕ ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱞ ᱒᱐᱒᱒ ᱨᱮ, [[ᱮᱞᱟᱭᱮᱱᱥ ᱮᱭᱟᱨ (ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ)|ᱮᱞᱟᱭᱮᱱᱥ ᱮᱭᱟᱨ]] ᱫᱚ ᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱞᱤᱢᱤᱴᱮᱰ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱲᱚᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱮᱞᱟᱭᱮᱱᱥ ᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ]]ᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱱᱴᱨᱚᱞ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.news18.com/news/auto/alliance-air-airline-now-under-govt-of-india-here-is-all-you-need-to-know-about-it-4994539.html | title=Alliance Air Airline Now Under Govt of India, Here is All You Need to Know About it | date=16 April 2022 | access-date=9 November 2023 | archive-date=9 November 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231109044437/https://www.news18.com/news/auto/alliance-air-airline-now-under-govt-of-india-here-is-all-you-need-to-know-about-it-4994539.html | url-status=live }}</ref> ==ᱵᱤᱵᱟᱹᱫᱽ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ== ===ᱰᱟᱴᱟ ᱵᱨᱤᱪ (᱒᱐᱒᱑)=== ᱒᱐᱒᱑ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ, ᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱭᱵᱟᱨ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱔.᱕ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱝᱜᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱥᱮᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱯᱚᱨᱴ ᱵᱤᱵᱨᱚᱬ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱚᱯᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱵᱤᱵᱨᱚᱬ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱚᱨᱥᱚᱱᱟᱞ ᱰᱟᱴᱟ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite news |title=Air India says February’s data breach affected 4.5 mln passengers |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/india/air-india-says-februarys-data-breach-affected-45-mln-passengers-2021-05-21/ |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20220707181208/https://www.reuters.com/world/india/air-india-says-februarys-data-breach-affected-45-mln-passengers-2021-05-21/ |archive-date=2022-07-07 |access-date=2026-03-24 |work=Reuters |language=en-US}}</ref> ===ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱯᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱜᱩᱞᱮᱴᱚᱨᱤ ᱥᱠᱨᱩᱴᱤᱱᱤ=== ᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱨᱮᱜᱩᱞᱮᱴᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱵᱤᱰᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱫᱟᱯᱨᱟᱢ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱰᱟᱭᱨᱮᱠᱴᱚᱨ ᱡᱮᱱᱟᱞ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱥᱤᱵᱷᱤᱞ ᱮᱵᱤᱭᱮᱥᱚᱱ (DGCA) ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱚᱰᱤᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite news |title=Air India audit finds 51 safety lapses |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/india/air-india-audit-finds-51-safety-lapses-unapproved-simulators-training-gaps-2025-07-29/ |work=Reuters}}</ref> ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱨᱤᱯᱚᱨᱴ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱜᱟᱹᱦᱤᱨ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱠᱚᱨᱰ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱚᱯᱟᱨᱮᱥᱚᱱᱟᱞ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱥᱮᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite news |date=July 30, 2025 |title=Air India tops in serious safety lapses flagged by DGCA |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/transportation/airlines-/-aviation/air-india-tops-in-serious-safety-lapses-flagged-by-dgca/articleshow/122997529.cms?from=mdr |work=The Economic Times}}</ref> ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱭᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱱᱚᱴᱤᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱨᱩ ᱞᱟᱝᱜᱟ ᱵᱮᱵᱮᱥᱛᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱱᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱪᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱷᱟᱞᱠᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite news |date=July 24, 2025 |title=Air India warned by DGCA over 'systemic' lapses in fatigue management and training, documents show |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/transportation/airlines-/-aviation/air-india-warned-by-dgca-over-systemic-lapses-in-fatigue-management-and-training-documents-show/articleshow/122876307.cms?from=mdr |work=The Economic Times}}</ref> ᱒᱐᱒᱖ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ, ᱭᱩᱨᱳᱯᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱯᱨᱟᱫᱷᱤᱠᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱚᱠᱛᱮ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱪᱤᱱᱛᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱛᱮ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹᱢᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱦᱩᱭᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite news |date=Mar 16, 2026 |title=European aviation body flags lapses in Air India planes |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/transportation/airlines-/-aviation/european-aviation-body-flags-lapses-in-air-india-planes/articleshow/129595288.cms?from=mdr |work=The Economic Times}}</ref> ==ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱢᱮ== *[[ᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱮᱯᱷ.ᱥᱤ.]] ==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ== {{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}} ==ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ== * {{Official website}} {{ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ}} [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:᱒᱐᱐᱗ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱢᱩᱢᱵᱟᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱮᱭᱟᱨᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱦᱳᱞᱰᱤᱝ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱥᱚᱱᱥ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱢᱟᱞᱤᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱠᱚ]] qzrbcb89b78mtv4dyngo3o40vp44rlt