ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ satwiki https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A2%E1%B1%A9%E1%B1%AC%E1%B1%A9%E1%B1%9B_%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%A6%E1%B1%B4%E1%B1%9F MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.10 first-letter ᱢᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱟᱥᱚᱠᱟᱭ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱨᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱫ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ ᱢᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟᱣᱤᱠᱤ ᱢᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟᱣᱤᱠᱤ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ ᱪᱷᱟᱸᱪ ᱪᱷᱟᱸᱪ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ ᱜᱚᱸᱲᱚᱸ ᱜᱚᱸᱲᱚᱸ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ TimedText TimedText talk ᱢᱳᱰᱩᱞ ᱢᱳᱰᱩᱞ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ Event Event talk 0 1054 194310 187383 2026-07-12T12:09:15Z ᱯᱨᱟᱫᱤᱯ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱨᱚᱢ 8509 /* growthexperiments-addlink-summary-summary:3|0|0 */ 194310 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox writer | name = ᱥᱟᱨᱚᱫᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱟᱫᱽ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ | image = Sarada_Prasad_Kisku.jpg | caption = ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ "ᱵᱷᱩᱨᱠᱟᱹᱜ ᱤᱯᱤᱞ" | pseudonym = ᱴᱚᱴᱠᱳ ᱢᱚᱞᱚᱝ, ᱯᱟᱛᱟᱝ ᱥᱩᱨᱟᱹᱭ | birth_date = ᱒ ᱯᱷᱮᱵᱽᱨᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱑᱙᱒᱙ | birth_place = ᱫᱟᱬᱤᱠᱟᱰᱳᱵᱟ (ᱵᱷᱟᱞᱩᱵᱟᱥᱟ), [[ᱵᱟᱱᱫᱳᱣᱟᱱ]], [[ᱯᱩᱨᱩᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]], [[ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ]] | death_date = {{Death date and age|df=y|1996|3|18|1929|2|2}} | occupation = ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ, ᱢᱟᱪᱮᱫ, ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱡᱽ ᱥᱩᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ | nationality = ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ | notableworks = ᱵᱷᱩᱨᱠᱟᱹᱜ ᱤᱯᱤᱞ, ᱞᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱨᱨᱮ, ᱥᱚᱞᱚᱢ ᱞᱚᱴᱚᱢ | subject = ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱚᱱᱚᱬᱦᱮ, ᱠᱟᱹᱦᱱᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱡᱽ ᱥᱩᱥᱟᱹᱨ }} '''ᱥᱟᱨᱚᱫᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱟᱫᱽ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ''' (᱒ ᱯᱷᱮᱵᱽᱨᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱑᱙᱒᱙ - ᱑᱘ ᱢᱟᱨᱪ ᱑᱙᱙᱖) ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱡᱩᱞᱩᱜ ᱤᱯᱤᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱠᱷᱟᱢ ᱜᱷᱩᱱᱴᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱚᱱᱚᱬᱦᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱮ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱮ "ᱵᱷᱩᱨᱠᱟᱹᱜ ᱤᱯᱤᱞ" ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ, ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱸᱫᱷᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱛᱭᱟᱹᱣ ᱵᱤᱨᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭᱤᱡ ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="purulia_gov">{{cite web|title=Sarada Prasad Kisku|url=https://purulia.gov.in/sarada-prasad-kisku/|publisher=Purulia District Government}}</ref> == ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ == ᱥᱟᱨᱚᱫᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱟᱫᱽ ᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱨᱩᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱱᱫᱳᱣᱟᱱ ᱥᱩᱨ '''ᱫᱟᱬᱤᱠᱟᱰᱳᱵᱟ''' ᱢᱚᱣᱡᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ '''ᱵᱷᱟᱞᱩᱵᱟᱥᱟ''' ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱡ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ '''ᱪᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ''' ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱪᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱭᱳ ᱫᱚ '''ᱫᱷᱚᱱᱢᱚᱱᱤ''' ᱾ ᱑᱙᱓᱐ ᱜᱮᱞᱟᱝ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱩᱥᱠᱤᱞ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱪᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮ ᱠᱩᱨᱩᱢᱩᱴᱩ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾<ref name="Hembram197" /> == ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ == ᱥᱟᱨᱚᱫᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱟᱫᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱞᱟᱥᱮᱨ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱝ ᱥᱤᱠᱷᱱᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱮᱱᱟ: * ᱑᱙᱓᱘: ᱡᱳᱨᱳᱵᱟᱲᱤ ᱱᱤᱢᱱᱚ ᱯᱨᱟᱛᱷᱚᱢᱤᱠ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱩᱨᱛᱤ ᱾ * ᱑᱙᱔᱐: ᱵᱟᱸᱠᱩᱲᱟ ᱡᱤᱞᱟᱹ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱱᱤᱵᱟᱸᱫᱷ ᱢᱤᱰᱤᱞ ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ ᱥᱠᱩᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱩᱨᱛᱤ ᱾ * ᱑᱙᱔᱓: ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱥᱠᱩᱞ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ "ᱢᱮᱨᱤᱴ ᱥᱠᱚᱞᱟᱨᱥᱤᱯ" ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱦᱟ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱩᱣᱟᱹᱨ ᱮ ᱡᱷᱤᱡ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ * ᱑᱙᱔᱘: ᱠᱷᱟᱛᱲᱟ ᱦᱟᱭ ᱥᱠᱩᱞ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱤᱠ ᱮ ᱯᱟᱥ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ * ᱵᱤᱥᱱᱩᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱟᱢᱟᱱᱚᱱᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭ.ᱮ. (I.A.) ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱮ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱡᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱡᱟᱞᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱟᱯᱷᱟᱝ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱵᱟᱹᱜᱤ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾<ref name="anandabazar">{{cite news|title=Sarada Prasad Kisku: A prominent name in Santali literature|url=https://anandabazar.com/editorial/sarada-prasad-kisku-a-prominent-name-in-santali-literature-1.943886|work=Anandabazar Patrika}}</ref> == ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ == ᱑᱙᱕᱐ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱱᱫᱳᱣᱟᱱ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱴᱨᱮᱱᱤᱝ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱛᱟᱭᱱᱚᱢ ᱡᱟᱢᱛᱳᱲᱤᱭᱟ ᱥᱤᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨ ᱵᱮᱥᱤᱠ ᱥᱠᱩᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱪᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱖᱑ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱥᱩᱥᱟᱹᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱥᱟ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱥ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱤᱸᱜᱩ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱪᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱵᱟᱹᱜᱤ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱫᱮᱭᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱨᱟᱣ ᱛᱟᱭᱱᱚᱢ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱩᱥᱠᱤᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱤᱝᱨᱟᱭᱰᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱚᱲᱫᱚᱦᱤ ᱥᱠᱩᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱪᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱑᱙᱘᱙ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱡᱤᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="Hembram197" /> == ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱛᱟᱢ == ᱥᱟᱨᱚᱫᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱟᱫᱽ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ '''ᱥᱟᱹᱫᱷᱩ ᱨᱟᱢᱪᱟᱸᱫᱽ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ''' ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱨᱩ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮᱭ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱚᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ: # '''ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:''' ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱩᱞᱟᱹᱲ ᱨᱟᱥᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱩᱠᱢᱩ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱮᱨᱮᱡ ᱚᱱᱚᱬᱦᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ # '''ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:''' ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱪᱟᱨᱦᱮ (Nature) ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱢᱤᱫᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ # '''ᱛᱮᱥᱟᱨ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:''' ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱹᱠᱷᱩᱲ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱩᱠᱷ-ᱠᱚᱥᱴᱚ, ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱪᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡ ᱵᱤᱨᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱨᱟᱠᱟᱵ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ '''ᱴᱚᱴᱠᱳ ᱢᱚᱞᱚᱝ''' ᱟᱨ '''ᱯᱟᱛᱟᱝ ᱥᱩᱨᱟᱹᱭ''' ᱵᱟᱦᱱᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱦᱱᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ [[ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]] ᱫᱚ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮ ᱠᱩᱠᱢᱩ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾<ref name="youthkiawaaz">{{cite web|title=Kavi Sarada Prasad Kisku|url=https://www.youthkiawaaz.com/2021/06/kavi-sarada-prakash-kisku/|publisher=Youth Ki Awaaz}}{{Dead link|date=February 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == ᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱯᱨᱚᱛᱷᱟ ᱵᱤᱨᱩᱫᱷ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ == ᱑᱙᱘᱐ ᱜᱮᱞᱟᱝ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱩᱨᱩᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱥᱩᱯᱩᱨ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱪᱟᱨᱮᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱥᱟᱨᱚᱫᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱟᱫᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱸᱫᱷᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱛᱭᱟᱹᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮᱭ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱤᱡ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱨᱩᱫᱽ ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱡ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱥᱩᱯᱩᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ '''ᱫᱷᱚᱱᱚᱱᱡᱚᱭ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟ''' ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱟᱸᱫᱳᱲ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱜᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱜᱚᱡ ᱞᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱟᱨᱚᱫᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱟᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱜᱚᱡ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱢᱟᱫᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱚᱱᱚᱬᱦᱮ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ '''"ᱞᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱨᱨᱮ"''' ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱷᱚᱞᱚᱠ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name="academia">{{cite web|title=Poet Sarada Prasad Kisku and his poems Bonga Sore|url=https://www.academia.edu/43531933/Poet_Sarada_Prasad_Kisku_and_his_poems_Bonga_Sore|publisher=Academia.edu}}</ref> == ᱚᱞ ᱵᱮᱞ ᱠᱚ == {| class="wikitable" ! ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ !! ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ !! ᱥᱟᱛᱟᱢ |- | ᱵᱷᱩᱨᱠᱟᱹᱜ ᱤᱯᱤᱞ || ᱑᱙᱕᱓ || ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱚᱬᱦᱮ ᱢᱟᱞᱟ |- | ᱠᱩᱦᱩᱵᱟᱹᱣ || ᱑᱙᱖᱐ || ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ |- | ᱜᱟᱢ ᱜᱚᱸᱫᱟᱨ || ᱑᱙᱖᱗ || ᱚᱱᱚᱬᱦᱮ ᱢᱟᱞᱟ |- | ᱞᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱨᱨᱮ || ᱑᱙᱘᱕ || ᱚᱱᱚᱬᱦᱮ (ᱞᱟᱦᱟᱱᱛᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ)<ref name="Tudu99"/> |- | ᱥᱚᱞᱚᱢ ᱞᱚᱴᱚᱢ || ᱑᱙᱘᱘ || ᱠᱟᱹᱦᱱᱤ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ |- | ᱡᱩᱰᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱢᱟᱞᱟ || ᱑᱙᱙᱔ || ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱟᱣ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ |- | ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱥᱮᱯᱮᱧ || - || ᱜᱤᱛᱟᱧᱡᱚᱞᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱛᱚᱨᱡᱚᱢᱟ |- | ᱵᱤᱫᱟᱹᱜ ᱵᱮᱲᱟ || ᱑᱙᱙᱗ || ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱚᱱᱚᱬᱦᱮ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ |} == ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱱᱚᱛ == * '''᱑᱙᱗᱓-᱗᱔:''' ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱚᱯᱚᱛᱤ '''ᱵᱷᱤ. ᱵᱷᱤ. ᱜᱤᱨᱤ''' ᱟᱜ ᱛᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ "ᱟᱫᱚᱨᱥᱚ ᱢᱟᱪᱮᱫ" (National Teachers' Award) ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ ᱾ * '''᱑᱙᱘᱒:''' ᱵᱤᱠᱨᱚᱢᱥᱤᱞᱟ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ ᱵᱤᱫᱽᱭᱟᱯᱤᱴᱷ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ "ᱠᱚᱵᱤᱨᱚᱛᱱᱚ" ᱩᱯᱟᱫᱷᱤ ᱾ * '''᱑᱙᱘᱖:''' ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱨᱟᱭᱴᱟᱨᱥ ᱨᱤᱥᱮᱯᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱩᱢᱩᱴ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ "ᱦᱤᱦᱤᱲᱤ ᱯᱤᱯᱤᱲᱤ" ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ ᱾ * '''᱑᱙᱘᱖-᱘᱗''' ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ [[ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ]] ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱵᱷᱟᱥᱟ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ "ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱡᱟᱛᱤᱭᱚ" ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ ᱾ * '''᱑᱙᱘᱙:''' [[ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ "ᱜᱩᱱᱤᱡᱚᱱ" ᱢᱟᱱᱚᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱸᱵᱟ ᱥᱤᱞ᱾ * '''ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱥᱚᱫᱽ:''' "ᱜᱩᱨᱩ ᱜᱚᱢᱠᱮ" ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ ᱾<ref name="Hembram197" /> == ᱜᱩᱨ == ᱑᱙᱘᱖ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱡᱩᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱱᱥᱤᱠ ᱪᱤᱱᱛᱟᱹ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱮᱨᱟᱞᱤᱥᱤᱥ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱡᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱴᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱤ ᱚᱠᱟᱡᱚ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱮᱸᱜᱟ ᱛᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱘ ᱢᱟᱨᱪ ᱑᱙᱙᱖ ᱦᱤᱞᱳᱜ ᱱᱩᱭ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱭᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{Reflist|refs=<ref name="Hembram197">{{cite book |last=ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ |first=ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱢᱚᱞ |title=ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ (Saontali Sahityer Itihas) |language=bn |page=197-203 |publisher=ᱱᱤᱨᱢᱚᱞ ᱵᱩᱠ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱥᱤ |location=ᱠᱚᱞᱠᱟᱛᱟ}}</ref> |<ref name="Tudu99">{{cite book |last=ᱴᱩᱰᱩ |first=ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱚ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ|title=ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱢᱚᱱᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱨᱟ|language=hi |page=99 |publisher=ᱯᱨᱚ. ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱚ ᱠᱩᱴᱤᱨ|location=ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱫᱳᱦᱟ ᱯᱩᱨᱵᱤ ᱥᱤᱝᱵᱷᱩᱢ}}</ref>}} == ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ == [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:᱑᱙᱒᱙ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱯᱩᱨᱩᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱜᱩᱱᱤᱡᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ]] 97x449vzpn6y75k0lwugqwpmfeunzbu 0 1196 194309 190225 2026-07-12T12:08:06Z ᱯᱨᱟᱫᱤᱯ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱨᱚᱢ 8509 /* growthexperiments-addlink-summary-summary:2|0|0 */ 194309 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Dhyan Chand closeup.jpg|thumb|ᱫᱷᱭᱟᱱ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱽ]] '''ᱫᱷᱭᱟᱱ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱽ''' ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱠᱤ ᱠᱷᱮᱞᱚᱸᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱷᱮᱞᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱠᱤ ᱠᱷᱮᱞᱚᱸᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜ ᱟᱭ ᱾<ref name=Brittanica>cite web |url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/105366/Dhyan-Chand |work=Encyclopædia Britannica |title=Dhyan Chand (Indian athlete)</ref> ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱩᱥᱟᱹᱨᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱦᱚᱠᱤ ᱪᱤᱸᱰᱩᱭ [[ᱰᱷᱟᱠᱟ]] ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱲ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱛᱮᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱮ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱠᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱞᱤᱢᱯᱤᱠ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱟᱡ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱟᱹᱜᱤ ᱦᱚᱠᱤ ᱠᱷᱮᱞᱚᱸᱰ ᱫᱚᱞ ᱞᱮᱟᱛᱮᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱱ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱥ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱛᱮ [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ]] ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱒᱘ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑᱙᱖᱔ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱤᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱨᱟᱹᱞ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱚᱞᱤᱢᱯᱤᱠ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮᱭᱟᱭ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱥᱚᱱᱟ ᱢᱮᱰᱟᱞ ᱮ ᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱗ ᱵᱚᱪᱷᱚᱨ ᱵᱚᱭᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ [[ᱯᱟᱧᱡᱟᱵᱽ, ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ|ᱯᱚᱧᱡᱟᱵᱽ]] ᱨᱮᱡᱤᱢᱮᱸᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱠᱤ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱱᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱯᱷᱟᱹᱫᱽ]] ᱞᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱷᱚᱜ ᱑᱙᱒᱖ ᱱᱤᱣᱡᱤᱞᱟᱸᱰ ᱥᱮᱱ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟᱜ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱠᱤ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱝ ᱜᱳᱞ (Goal) ᱥᱟᱭᱟᱝ ᱮ ᱥᱮᱴᱮᱨ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ == ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱡᱽ == ᱫᱷᱭᱟᱱ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱐᱕ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱚᱜᱚᱥᱴ ᱒᱙ ᱢᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱛᱛᱚ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱞᱟᱦᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱯᱩᱛ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱟᱡᱤᱡ ᱟᱯᱟᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱢᱮᱥᱚᱨ ᱫᱚᱛᱛᱚ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ == ᱠᱷᱮᱞᱚᱸᱰ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ == ᱫᱷᱭᱟᱱ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱽ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱠᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱷᱟᱹᱜᱤ ᱡᱩᱜᱽ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱒᱘ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱮᱫᱚᱨᱞᱟᱸᱰ ᱦᱩᱭᱞᱮᱱ ᱚᱞᱤᱢᱯᱤᱠᱥ, ᱑᱙᱓᱒ ᱥᱟᱞᱮᱨᱮ ᱞᱚᱥ ᱮᱧᱡᱮᱞᱚᱥ ᱚᱞᱤᱢᱯᱤᱠᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱑᱙᱓᱖ ᱥᱟᱞᱮᱨᱮ [[ᱵᱚᱨᱞᱤᱱ]] ᱚᱞᱤᱢᱯᱤᱠᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱱᱟ ᱯᱚᱫᱚᱠ ᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱓᱖ ᱵᱚᱨᱞᱤᱱ ᱚᱞᱤᱢᱯᱤᱠᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱨᱢᱟᱱᱤ ᱦᱮᱨᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱚᱱᱟ ᱯᱚᱫᱚᱠ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱠᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱟᱰᱞᱚᱯᱷ ᱦᱤᱴᱞᱚᱨ ᱡᱚᱨᱢᱟᱱᱤ ᱯᱷᱟᱹᱫᱽ ᱜᱚᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱭᱟᱱ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱰ ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮᱭ ᱫᱚᱦᱚᱭᱮᱭᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱟᱨᱰᱟᱥ ᱮ ᱮᱢᱟᱫ ᱫᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱫᱷᱭᱟᱱ ᱪᱟᱸᱫ ᱥᱟᱨᱦᱟᱣ ᱮᱢ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱟᱹᱨᱡᱤ ᱫᱚᱭ ᱢᱟᱱᱟ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱓᱖ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱤᱝᱞᱚᱸᱰ ᱜᱚᱵᱚᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱚᱨᱞᱤᱱ ᱚᱞᱤᱢᱯᱤᱠᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱝᱞᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱮᱱᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱵᱤᱨᱩᱫᱽ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱮ ᱢᱟᱛᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱟᱛᱮ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱫᱩᱞᱟᱹᱲ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱯᱨᱩᱢ ᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ <ref>{{Cite news |title=Dhyan Chand biography - Indian hockey player |url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/105366/Dhyan-Chand |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150610215348/http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/105366/Dhyan-Chand |archive-date=2015-06-10 |access-date=2026-04-07 |work=Encyclopedia Britannica |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Garg |first=Chitra |url=http://books.google.co.in/books?id=Fq1wdzqhu6kC&pg=PA245&dq=major+dhyan+chand+rajput&hl=en&sa=X&ei=7_L6T-KZBpOKhQfBzvitDA&ved=0CDYQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=major%20dhyan%20chand%20rajput&f=false |title=Indian champions: profiles of famous Indian sportspersons |date=2010 |publisher=Rajpal & Sons |isbn=978-81-7028-852-7 |location=Delhi |page=245}}</ref> ᱑᱙᱒᱘ ᱥᱟᱞᱮᱨᱮ ᱟᱢᱥᱴᱚᱨᱰᱮᱢ ᱚᱞᱤᱢᱯᱤᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱧᱚᱛ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱜᱩᱴ ᱒᱙ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱮ ᱜᱳᱞ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱩᱸᱫ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱷᱭᱟᱱ ᱪᱟᱸᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱕ ᱜᱳᱞ ᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱠᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱑᱙᱓᱒ ᱞᱚᱥ ᱮᱧᱡᱮᱞᱚᱥ ᱚᱞᱤᱢᱯᱤᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱒ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱚᱨᱞᱤᱱ ᱚᱞᱤᱢᱯᱤᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱑ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱜᱳᱞ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱭᱩᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱲ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱟᱴᱨᱤᱠ ᱴᱟᱭᱴᱚᱞ ᱮ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱔᱗ ᱥᱟᱞᱮᱨᱮ ᱔᱒ ᱵᱚᱭᱮᱥ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱦᱚᱠᱤ ᱫᱚᱞ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱟᱹᱭᱩᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ (captain) ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱡᱩᱣᱟᱹᱱ ᱫᱚᱞ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱱ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱒᱒ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱢᱮᱪ ᱮ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱮᱠᱞᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱫᱷᱭᱟᱱ ᱪᱟᱱᱫᱽ ᱖᱒ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱮ ᱜᱳᱞ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱔᱘ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱠᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱᱮ ᱡᱤᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱕᱗ ᱥᱟᱞᱮᱨᱮ ᱟᱨᱢᱤ ᱢᱮᱡᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱᱮ ᱡᱤᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱒᱖ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱑᱙᱔᱘ ᱡᱤᱨᱟᱹᱣᱮᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱨᱮ ᱑᱐᱐᱐ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱜᱳᱞ ᱮ ᱥᱠᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱯᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱚᱞᱤᱢᱯᱤᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱑᱐᱒ ᱜᱳᱞ ᱢᱩᱸᱫ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱷᱭᱟᱱ ᱪᱟᱸᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱓᱗ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱮ ᱜᱳᱞ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱩᱢᱤ ᱫᱚ "ᱜᱳᱞ ᱢᱤᱥᱤᱱ" ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱭ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱗᱙ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱰᱤᱥᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱓ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱷᱩᱲᱤ ᱫᱦᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤᱭ ᱵᱟᱹᱜᱤ ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱣ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱠᱷᱮᱞ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱾ == ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ == *᱑᱙᱕᱗ ᱥᱟᱞᱮᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤᱫᱚ ᱚᱫᱽᱢᱚ ᱵᱦᱩᱥᱚᱬ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱨᱦᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾<ref name="pib.nic.in">http://pib.nic.in/feature/feyr2000/faug2000/f220820002.html</ref> *ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱑᱖ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱢᱮᱱᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱙᱕ ᱥᱟᱞᱮᱨᱮ ᱚᱜᱚᱥᱴ ᱒᱙ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱠᱷᱮᱱ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱢ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ==ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ == * [http://www.peopleforever.org/ViewNFProfile.aspx?NFID=136 Dhyan Chand] at PeopleForever.org * [http://www.rediff.com/sports/2001/aug/28dyan.htm The Indian who captivated even Hitler], Qaiser Mohammad Ali, Rediff.com * [http://www.planetfieldhockey.com/PFH/Item-View-4635-64 Feature: Hockey's Genius - Dhyan Chand] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050507074930/http://www.planetfieldhockey.com/PFH/Item-View-4635-64 |date=2005-05-07 }}, Rohit Brijnath, PlanetFieldHockey.com * Gulu Ezekiel and K. Arumugam, ''Great Indian Olympians'' * K. Arumugam, ''Dhyan Chand Centenary'', Hockey Yearbook 2006. * [http://www.rediff.com/sports/dhyan.htm A tribute to Dhyan Chand], Rediff.com ==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ== [[Category:!Main category]] j1fnrzeba1z5o87wo6jdbafvnzy3e5l 0 6815 194445 98652 2026-07-13T11:39:15Z MT731 2184 194445 wikitext text/x-wiki ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱮ ''' ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱤᱥ ''' ᱫᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ [[ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ]] ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱤᱥ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱤᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱩᱨᱩᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱨᱩᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱨᱩᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ [[ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ]], [[ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ]] ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱰᱮ ᱫᱚ [[ᱥᱟᱨᱱᱟ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ]] ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱦᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱤᱥ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱨᱚᱲᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱤᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ- ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ, ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ, ᱢᱟᱹᱨᱰᱤ, ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ, ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ, ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱨᱚᱢ, ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ, ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱮ, ᱴᱩᱰᱩ, ᱪᱚᱬᱮ, ᱰᱚᱸᱰᱠᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱶᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟ ᱜᱮᱞᱵᱟᱨ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱤᱥ ᱾ ==ᱯᱚᱫᱽ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ== ᱥᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱟᱵᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱜᱟᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱵᱤᱫᱟᱹᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱤᱥ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ '''ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ ᱨᱟᱯᱟᱡᱽ''' ᱾ ᱥᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱹᱨᱰᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱹᱬ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱚᱨᱟᱣ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ, ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱫᱩᱜ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱤᱯᱟᱹᱦᱤᱜ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ, ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱭᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ, ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱮ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱤᱥ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱤᱡᱽ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱵᱤᱥᱛᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱣ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱩ ᱚᱨᱚᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱩᱞᱩᱢ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ '''ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱨᱩᱫᱷᱩᱞ, ᱢᱟᱹᱨᱰᱤ ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱹᱬ, ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱠᱩᱨ, ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱤᱯᱟᱹᱦᱤ, ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱨᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱡᱤ, ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ ᱵᱟᱭᱟᱨ, ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱮ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ, ᱪᱚᱬᱮ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱮᱨᱟ, ᱰᱚᱸᱰᱠᱟ ᱜᱩᱯᱤ, ᱯᱟᱶᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱚᱡᱷᱟ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱮᱛᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ==ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱤᱥ ᱡᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱜᱟᱲ ᱠᱚ== ᱥᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱤᱥ ᱡᱟᱹᱱᱤᱡ ᱜᱟᱲ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱑/ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱪᱟᱹᱭ ᱜᱟᱲ,ᱠᱩᱴᱟᱹᱢᱜᱟᱲ,ᱴᱟᱹᱴᱤ ᱡᱷᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱜᱟᱲ,ᱪᱟᱶᱨᱤᱡ ᱜᱟᱲ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱾ ᱒/ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱸᱭᱰᱟ ᱜᱟᱲ, ᱢᱟᱱ ᱜᱟᱲ,ᱪᱤᱨᱩ ᱜᱟᱲ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱾ ᱓/ᱢᱟᱹᱨᱰᱤ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱫᱚᱞᱤ ᱜᱟᱲ, ᱪᱤᱨᱩ ᱜᱟᱲ,ᱢᱤᱨᱩ ᱜᱟᱲ ᱾ ᱔/ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱟ ᱜᱟᱲ, ᱫᱷᱤᱨᱤ ᱜᱟᱲ, ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱜᱟᱲ,ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱜᱟᱲ ᱾ ᱕/ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱪᱟᱹᱭᱵᱟᱦᱮᱨ ᱜᱟᱲ,ᱵᱩᱭᱥᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱲ,ᱥᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱲ ᱾ ᱖/ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱨᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱭᱨᱤ ᱜᱟᱲ ᱾ ᱗/ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱪᱟᱹᱭ ᱜᱟᱲ,ᱥᱤᱢ ᱜᱟᱲ,ᱠᱩᱠᱨᱤ ᱜᱟᱲ,ᱢᱟᱱ ᱜᱟᱲ,ᱫᱩᱜ ᱜᱟᱲ ᱾ ᱘/ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱮ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱨᱵᱟ ᱠᱚᱭᱚᱝ ᱜᱟᱲ,ᱦᱚᱞᱚᱝ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱜᱟᱲ,ᱪᱟᱹᱨᱟᱹᱭ ᱜᱟᱲ ᱾ ᱙/ᱴᱩᱰᱩ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱢ ᱜᱟᱲ,ᱢᱟᱱ ᱜᱟᱲ,ᱢᱟᱰᱣᱟ ᱜᱟᱲ ᱾ ᱑᱐/ᱪᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱸᱜᱮ ᱠᱚᱰᱮ ᱜᱟᱲ,ᱫᱩᱜᱽᱫᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱲ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱾ ᱑᱑/ᱰᱚᱸᱰᱠᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱰᱤᱞᱦᱤ ᱜᱟᱲ ᱾ ᱑᱒/ᱯᱟᱶᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱜᱟᱲ,ᱯᱟᱣᱲᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱲ, ᱨᱟᱦᱮᱲ ᱜᱟᱲ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱾ ==ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱢᱮ== ==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ== ==ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ== b8h0wy9u6z92ow66ksiy7c2zxtd167y 0 18114 194311 191456 2026-07-12T12:13:11Z MT731 2184 194311 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder | name = ᱥᱩᱨᱭᱚ ᱥᱤᱝ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ | office2 = ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱫ, ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ | constituency2 = [[ᱜᱷᱟᱴᱥᱤᱞᱟᱹ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ|ᱜᱷᱟᱴᱥᱤᱞᱟᱹ]] | term_start2 = 1990 | term_end2 = 1991<ref>{{cite web | last=Sivaswamy | first=Saisuresh | title=From Tisco apprentice to giant-killer | website=Rediff | date=January 9, 2009 | url=https://m.rediff.com/news/2009/jan/09jhar-from-tisco-apprentice-to-giant-killer.htm | access-date=September 11, 2025}}</ref> | predecessor2 = ᱠᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱢᱟᱨᱰᱤ | successor2 = [[ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱤᱯ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱞᱢᱩᱪᱩ]] | occupation = [[ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱦᱩᱞᱜᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ]], [[ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ]] | pronunciation = | birth_name = | birth_date = ᱑᱙᱕᱕/᱑᱙᱕᱖<ref name=AgeAvenueMail>{{cite web | title=Prominent leaders file nomination, activists hit streets | website=The Avenue Mail | date=November 11, 2014 | url=https://avenuemail.in/prominent-leaders-file-nomination-activists-hit-streets/ | access-date=September 11, 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210927130757/https://avenuemail.in/prominent-leaders-file-nomination-activists-hit-streets/ |archive-date=27 September 2021 |url-status=live}}</ref> | birth_place = ᱵᱟᱲᱟᱠᱟᱸᱡᱤᱭᱟ, ᱰᱩᱢᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ, [[ᱥᱤᱝᱵᱷᱩᱢ ᱡᱤᱞᱞᱟᱹ]], [[ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ]] (ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱫᱚ [[ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱥᱤᱝᱵᱷᱩᱢ ᱡᱤᱞᱞᱟᱹ]], [[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ]])<ref>{{cite web |work=Government of India | title=Extraordinary Gazette of India, 2004, No. 2102 : Directorate of Printing, Government of India | date=April 22, 2004 | url=https://archive.org/details/in.gazette.e.2004.2102/page/n97/ | access-date=September 12, 2025}}</ref> | party = [[ᱚᱞ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱥᱴᱩᱰᱮᱱᱴᱥ ᱤᱣᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ]] <br>[[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱯᱤᱯᱩᱞᱥ ᱯᱟᱨᱴᱤ]] | other_party = | education = ᱮᱢ.ᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ<ref name=telegraph1>{{cite web | title=Far ahead on the write track | website=Telegraph India | date=December 20, 2004 | url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/jharkhand/far-ahead-on-the-write-track/cid/1594532 | access-date=September 11, 2025}}</ref><ref name=telegraph2>{{cite web | last=Singh | first=Ankush | title=BJP nominee from Ghatshila reunites with school friends after 45 years | website=Telegraph India | date=December 9, 2009 | url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/jharkhand/besra-walks-down-memory-lane-bjp-nominee-from-ghatshila-reunites-with-school-friends-after-45-years/cid/565854 | access-date=September 11, 2025}}</ref> | alma_mater = [[ᱨᱟᱺᱪᱤ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ]] | profession = | known_for = [[ᱚᱞ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱥᱴᱩᱰᱮᱱᱴᱥ ᱤᱣᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ]] ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱵᱮᱨᱮᱫᱤᱭᱟᱹ<br>[[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱦᱩᱞ|ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱞ]] }} '''ᱥᱩᱨᱭᱚ ᱥᱤᱝ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ''' ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ [[ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱦᱩᱞᱜᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ]] ᱟᱨ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱱᱮᱛᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ [[ᱚᱞ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱥᱴᱩᱰᱮᱱᱴᱥ ᱤᱣᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ]] ‌ᱟᱨ [[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱯᱤᱯᱩᱞᱥ ᱯᱟᱨᱴᱤ]] ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱵᱮᱨᱮᱫᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱩᱛᱨᱮᱛ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱙᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ [[ᱜᱷᱟᱴᱥᱤᱞᱟᱹ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑᱐ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ [[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱦᱩᱞ|ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱵᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱞ]] ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱮ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾<ref>{{Cite web |title=Surya Singh Besra(Jharkhand Peoples Party):Constituency- JAMSHEDPUR(JHARKHAND) - Affidavit Information of Candidate |url=https://myneta.info/loksabha2019/candidate.php?candidate_id=12911 |access-date=2022-08-17 |website=myneta.info}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=झारखंड के फायरब्रांड नेता रहे सूर्य सिंह बेसरा को किसने दी चुनौती, जानिए |url=https://www.jagran.com/jharkhand/jamshedpur-who-challenged-the-firebrand-leader-of-jharkhand-surya-singh-besra-know-21943963.html |access-date=2022-08-17 |website=Dainik Jagran |language=hi}}</ref> == ᱱᱤᱡᱮᱨᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ == ᱥᱩᱨᱭᱚ ᱥᱤᱝ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ (ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱑᱙᱕᱕ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱑᱙᱕᱖) ᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ (ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱫᱚ [[ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱥᱤᱝᱵᱷᱩᱢ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]], [[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ]]) ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱰᱩᱢᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱵᱞᱚᱠ, ᱵᱟᱲᱟᱠᱟᱸᱡᱤᱭᱟ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ [[ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]] ᱨᱚᱲ ᱦᱚᱲ [[ᱢᱟᱦᱞᱤ]] ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite book |last=Tillin |first=Louise |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=abENAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA83 |title=Remapping India: New States and their Political Origins |date=2013-10-01 |publisher=Hurst Publishers |isbn=978-1-84904-229-1 |pages=83 |language=en}}</ref> ᱟᱡ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱣᱱᱟ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱪᱟᱹᱠᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱠᱚ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱩᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱟᱥᱲᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱥᱛᱳᱠᱳᱥᱤ ᱩᱱᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱟᱥᱲᱟ, ᱵᱷᱟᱞᱩᱠᱯᱟᱛᱨᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱮ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱷᱟᱴᱥᱤᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱩᱣᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ [[ᱨᱟᱺᱪᱤ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱮᱢ.ᱮ. ᱮ ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱩᱱᱛᱤ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱮ ᱵᱟᱯᱞᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱨᱥ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱠᱤᱱ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ: ᱱᱤᱛᱤᱥᱟ, ᱱᱤᱞᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱳᱣᱨᱚᱵᱽ ᱾ ᱥᱩᱨᱭᱚ ᱥᱤᱝ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱦᱚᱨᱤᱵᱚᱝᱥᱚ ᱨᱟᱭ ᱵᱚᱪᱪᱚᱱ ᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱢᱚᱫᱷᱩᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱛᱚᱨᱡᱚᱢᱟ 'ᱢᱟᱛᱠᱳᱢ ᱨᱟᱥᱟ' ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱑᱗ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱛᱭᱚ ᱮᱠᱟᱰᱮᱢᱤ ᱛᱚᱨᱡᱚᱢᱟ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite web|url=https://sahitya-akademi.gov.in/pdf/Press_Release_(English)_SATA_2017.pdf|title=Press Release: Sahitya Akademi Translation Prize 2017|publisher=Sahitya Akademi|date=21 December 2017|access-date=17 March 2026}}</ref> == ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ == {| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:95%; text-align:left;" |+ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ ᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ |-style="background:#efefef;" ! ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ! ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ! ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ! colspan="2"| ᱫᱚᱞ ! ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫ ᱵᱷᱳᱴ ! % ! ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ! class="unsortable"|ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ |- | [[᱒᱐᱒᱔ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ|᱒᱐᱒᱔]] | rowspan="3"|[[ᱞᱳᱠᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ]] | [[ᱡᱷᱟᱲᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱞᱳᱠᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ|ᱡᱷᱟᱲᱜᱨᱟᱢ]] | {{Party name with colour| Jharkhand People's Party|rowspan=2}} | ᱑᱙,᱔᱙᱔ | ᱑.᱓᱑% | {{Lost}} |<ref>{{cite web|title= General Election to Parliamentary Constituencies: Trends & Results June-2024 — Parliamentary Constituency 33 - Jhargram (West Bengal) |url=https://results.eci.gov.in/PcResultGenJune2024/candidateswise-S2533.htm}}</ref> |- | [[᱒᱐᱑᱙ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ|᱒᱐᱑᱙]] | rowspan="2"|[[ᱡᱟᱢᱥᱮᱫᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱞᱳᱠ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ|ᱡᱟᱢᱥᱮᱫᱽᱯᱩᱨ]] | ᱑,᱗᱑᱗ | ᱐.᱙᱙% | {{Lost}} |<ref>{{cite web |title=Statistical Reports: Election Commission of India, Elections, 2019 (17 LOK SABHA) |url=https://ceojh.jharkhand.gov.in/VS2019/Statistical_Report-VS-19.pdf |access-date=12 September 2025 |archive-date=3 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203073241/https://ceojh.jharkhand.gov.in/VS2019/Statistical_Report-VS-19.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- | [[᱒᱐᱐᱔ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ|᱒᱐᱐᱔]] | {{Party name with colour|Nagaland Peoples Front}} | ᱑᱑,᱐᱕᱗ | ᱑.᱔᱒% | {{Lost}} | <ref>{{cite report|title=STATISTICAL REPORT ON GENERAL ELECTIONS, 2004 TO THE 14th LOK SABHA - VOLUME I (NATIONAL AND STATE ABSTRACTS & DETAILED RESULTS) |publisher=ELECTION COMMISSION OF INDIA |location=NEW DELHI |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/4126-general-election-2004-vol-i-ii-iii/ }}</ref> |- | [[᱒᱐᱒᱔ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ|᱒᱐᱒᱔]] | rowspan="5"|[[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ]] | rowspan="2"|[[ᱜᱷᱟᱴᱥᱤᱞᱟᱹ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ|ᱜᱷᱟᱴᱥᱤᱞᱟᱹ]] | {{Party name with colour| Jharkhand People's Party|rowspan=3}} | ᱕᱒᱗ | ᱐.᱒᱘% | {{Lost}} |<ref>{{cite web | title=2024 General Election Results | website=Election Commission of India | url=https://results.eci.gov.in/ResultAcGenNov2024/candidateswise-S2745.htm | access-date=September 11, 2025}}</ref> |- | [[᱒᱐᱑᱙ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ|᱒᱐᱑᱙]] | ᱒,᱒᱕᱕ | ᱑.᱓᱓% | {{Lost}} |<ref name=oldreport>{{cite web|title= Statistics Report of Old Election Results |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/statistical-report/statistical-reports/ |website=Election Commission of India }}</ref> |- | [[᱒᱐᱑᱔ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ|᱒᱐᱑᱔]] | [[ᱯᱚᱴᱠᱟ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ|ᱯᱚᱴᱠᱟ]] | ᱑᱒,᱑᱗᱗ | ᱖.᱕᱕% | {{Lost}} |<ref name=oldreport/> |- | [[᱒᱐᱐᱙ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ|᱒᱐᱐᱙]] | [[ᱜᱷᱟᱴᱥᱤᱞᱟᱹ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ|ᱜᱷᱟᱴᱥᱤᱞᱟᱹ]] | {{Party name with colour| Bharatiya Janata Party}} | ᱒᱘,᱕᱖᱑ | ᱒᱒.᱕᱒% | {{Lost}} |<ref name=oldreport/> |- |[[᱒᱐᱐᱕ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ|᱒᱐᱐᱕]] | rowspan="2"|[[ᱯᱚᱴᱠᱟ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ|ᱯᱚᱴᱠᱟ]] | {{Party name with colour| Jharkhand People's Party}} | ᱒᱑,᱑᱖᱒ | ᱑᱕.᱙᱗% | {{Lost}} |<ref name=oldreport/> |- | [[᱒᱐᱐᱐ ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ|᱒᱐᱐᱐]] | rowspan="4"|[[ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ]] | {{Party name with colour| Independent|abbrev=yes}} | ᱒᱐,᱔᱒᱑ | ᱒᱐.᱐᱕% | {{Lost}} |<ref name=oldreport/> |- | [[᱑᱙᱙᱕ ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ|᱑᱙᱙᱕]] | rowspan="3"|[[ᱜᱷᱟᱴᱥᱤᱞᱟᱹ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ|ᱜᱷᱟᱴᱥᱤᱞᱟᱹ]] | {{Party name with colour| Jharkhand People's Party}} | ᱗,᱙᱑᱔ | ᱖.᱗᱒% | {{Lost}} |<ref name=oldreport/> |- | [[᱑᱙᱙᱐ ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ|᱑᱙᱙᱐]] | {{Party name with colour| Independent|abbrev=yes}} | ᱒᱕,᱐᱕᱔ | ᱓᱑.᱗᱔% | {{Won}} |<ref name=oldreport/> |- | [[᱑᱙᱘᱕ ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ|᱑᱙᱘᱕]] | {{Party name with colour| Jharkhand Mukti Morcha}} | ᱒᱐,᱑᱓᱔ | ᱓᱑.᱙᱖% | {{Lost}} |<ref name=oldreport/> |- |} == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}} [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱡᱤᱣᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱥᱤᱝᱵᱷᱩᱢ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱢᱩᱠᱛᱤ ᱢᱚᱨᱪᱟ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱚᱞ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱥᱴᱩᱰᱮᱱᱴᱥ ᱤᱣᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱑᱙᱙᱐–᱑᱙᱙᱕]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛᱤᱭᱚ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱛᱟ ᱯᱟᱨᱴᱤ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]] kygcfqmybma1epzntvzsotidlzvrc18 194313 194311 2026-07-12T12:16:46Z MT731 2184 194313 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder | name = ᱥᱩᱨᱭᱚ ᱥᱤᱝ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ | office2 = ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱫ, ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ | constituency2 = [[ᱜᱷᱟᱴᱥᱤᱞᱟᱹ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ|ᱜᱷᱟᱴᱥᱤᱞᱟᱹ]] | term_start2 = 1990 | term_end2 = 1991<ref>{{cite web | last=Sivaswamy | first=Saisuresh | title=From Tisco apprentice to giant-killer | website=Rediff | date=January 9, 2009 | url=https://m.rediff.com/news/2009/jan/09jhar-from-tisco-apprentice-to-giant-killer.htm | access-date=September 11, 2025}}</ref> | predecessor2 = ᱠᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱢᱟᱨᱰᱤ | successor2 = [[ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱤᱯ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱞᱢᱩᱪᱩ]] | occupation = [[ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱦᱩᱞᱜᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ]], [[ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ]] | pronunciation = | birth_name = | birth_date = ᱑᱙᱕᱕/᱑᱙᱕᱖<ref name=AgeAvenueMail>{{cite web | title=Prominent leaders file nomination, activists hit streets | website=The Avenue Mail | date=November 11, 2014 | url=https://avenuemail.in/prominent-leaders-file-nomination-activists-hit-streets/ | access-date=September 11, 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210927130757/https://avenuemail.in/prominent-leaders-file-nomination-activists-hit-streets/ |archive-date=27 September 2021 |url-status=live}}</ref> | birth_place = ᱵᱟᱲᱟᱠᱟᱸᱡᱤᱭᱟ, ᱰᱩᱢᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ, [[ᱥᱤᱝᱵᱷᱩᱢ ᱡᱤᱞᱞᱟᱹ]], [[ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ]] (ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱫᱚ [[ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱥᱤᱝᱵᱷᱩᱢ ᱡᱤᱞᱞᱟᱹ]], [[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ]])<ref>{{cite web |work=Government of India | title=Extraordinary Gazette of India, 2004, No. 2102 : Directorate of Printing, Government of India | date=April 22, 2004 | url=https://archive.org/details/in.gazette.e.2004.2102/page/n97/ | access-date=September 12, 2025}}</ref> | party = [[ᱚᱞ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱥᱴᱩᱰᱮᱱᱴᱥ ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ]] <br>[[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱯᱤᱯᱩᱞᱥ ᱯᱟᱨᱴᱤ]] | other_party = | education = ᱮᱢ.ᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ<ref name=telegraph1>{{cite web | title=Far ahead on the write track | website=Telegraph India | date=December 20, 2004 | url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/jharkhand/far-ahead-on-the-write-track/cid/1594532 | access-date=September 11, 2025}}</ref><ref name=telegraph2>{{cite web | last=Singh | first=Ankush | title=BJP nominee from Ghatshila reunites with school friends after 45 years | website=Telegraph India | date=December 9, 2009 | url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/jharkhand/besra-walks-down-memory-lane-bjp-nominee-from-ghatshila-reunites-with-school-friends-after-45-years/cid/565854 | access-date=September 11, 2025}}</ref> | alma_mater = [[ᱨᱟᱺᱪᱤ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ]] | profession = | known_for = [[ᱚᱞ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱥᱴᱩᱰᱮᱱᱴᱥ ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ]] ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱵᱮᱨᱮᱫᱤᱭᱟᱹ<br>[[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱦᱩᱞ|ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱞ]] }} '''ᱥᱩᱨᱭᱚ ᱥᱤᱝ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ''' ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ [[ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱦᱩᱞᱜᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ]] ᱟᱨ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱱᱮᱛᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ [[ᱚᱞ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱥᱴᱩᱰᱮᱱᱴᱥ ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ]] ‌ᱟᱨ [[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱯᱤᱯᱩᱞᱥ ᱯᱟᱨᱴᱤ]] ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱵᱮᱨᱮᱫᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱩᱛᱨᱮᱛ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱙᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ [[ᱜᱷᱟᱴᱥᱤᱞᱟᱹ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑᱐ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ [[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱦᱩᱞ|ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱵᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱞ]] ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱮ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾<ref>{{Cite web |title=Surya Singh Besra(Jharkhand Peoples Party):Constituency- JAMSHEDPUR(JHARKHAND) - Affidavit Information of Candidate |url=https://myneta.info/loksabha2019/candidate.php?candidate_id=12911 |access-date=2022-08-17 |website=myneta.info}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=झारखंड के फायरब्रांड नेता रहे सूर्य सिंह बेसरा को किसने दी चुनौती, जानिए |url=https://www.jagran.com/jharkhand/jamshedpur-who-challenged-the-firebrand-leader-of-jharkhand-surya-singh-besra-know-21943963.html |access-date=2022-08-17 |website=Dainik Jagran |language=hi}}</ref> == ᱱᱤᱡᱮᱨᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ == ᱥᱩᱨᱭᱚ ᱥᱤᱝ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ (ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱑᱙᱕᱕ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱑᱙᱕᱖) ᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ (ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱫᱚ [[ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱥᱤᱝᱵᱷᱩᱢ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]], [[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ]]) ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱰᱩᱢᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱵᱞᱚᱠ, ᱵᱟᱲᱟᱠᱟᱸᱡᱤᱭᱟ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ [[ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]] ᱨᱚᱲ ᱦᱚᱲ [[ᱢᱟᱦᱞᱤ]] ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite book |last=Tillin |first=Louise |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=abENAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA83 |title=Remapping India: New States and their Political Origins |date=2013-10-01 |publisher=Hurst Publishers |isbn=978-1-84904-229-1 |pages=83 |language=en}}</ref> ᱟᱡ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱣᱱᱟ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱪᱟᱹᱠᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱠᱚ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱩᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱟᱥᱲᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱥᱛᱳᱠᱳᱥᱤ ᱩᱱᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱟᱥᱲᱟ, ᱵᱷᱟᱞᱩᱠᱯᱟᱛᱨᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱮ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱷᱟᱴᱥᱤᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱨᱮᱡᱩᱣᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ [[ᱨᱟᱺᱪᱤ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱮᱢ.ᱮ. ᱮ ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱩᱱᱛᱤ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱮ ᱵᱟᱯᱞᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱨᱥ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱠᱤᱱ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ: ᱱᱤᱛᱤᱥᱟ, ᱱᱤᱞᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱳᱣᱨᱚᱵᱽ ᱾ ᱥᱩᱨᱭᱚ ᱥᱤᱝ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱦᱚᱨᱤᱵᱚᱝᱥᱚ ᱨᱟᱭ ᱵᱚᱪᱪᱚᱱ ᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱢᱚᱫᱷᱩᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱛᱚᱨᱡᱚᱢᱟ 'ᱢᱟᱛᱠᱳᱢ ᱨᱟᱥᱟ' ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱑᱗ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱛᱭᱚ ᱮᱠᱟᱰᱮᱢᱤ ᱛᱚᱨᱡᱚᱢᱟ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite web|url=https://sahitya-akademi.gov.in/pdf/Press_Release_(English)_SATA_2017.pdf|title=Press Release: Sahitya Akademi Translation Prize 2017|publisher=Sahitya Akademi|date=21 December 2017|access-date=17 March 2026}}</ref> == ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ == {| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:95%; text-align:left;" |+ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ ᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ |-style="background:#efefef;" ! ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ! ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ! ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ! colspan="2"| ᱫᱚᱞ ! ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫ ᱵᱷᱳᱴ ! % ! ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ! class="unsortable"|ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ |- | [[᱒᱐᱒᱔ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ|᱒᱐᱒᱔]] | rowspan="3"|[[ᱞᱳᱠᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ]] | [[ᱡᱷᱟᱲᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱞᱳᱠᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ|ᱡᱷᱟᱲᱜᱨᱟᱢ]] | {{Party name with colour| Jharkhand People's Party|rowspan=2}} | ᱑᱙,᱔᱙᱔ | ᱑.᱓᱑% | {{Lost}} |<ref>{{cite web|title= General Election to Parliamentary Constituencies: Trends & Results June-2024 — Parliamentary Constituency 33 - Jhargram (West Bengal) |url=https://results.eci.gov.in/PcResultGenJune2024/candidateswise-S2533.htm}}</ref> |- | [[᱒᱐᱑᱙ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ|᱒᱐᱑᱙]] | rowspan="2"|[[ᱡᱟᱢᱥᱮᱫᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱞᱳᱠ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ|ᱡᱟᱢᱥᱮᱫᱽᱯᱩᱨ]] | ᱑,᱗᱑᱗ | ᱐.᱙᱙% | {{Lost}} |<ref>{{cite web |title=Statistical Reports: Election Commission of India, Elections, 2019 (17 LOK SABHA) |url=https://ceojh.jharkhand.gov.in/VS2019/Statistical_Report-VS-19.pdf |access-date=12 September 2025 |archive-date=3 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203073241/https://ceojh.jharkhand.gov.in/VS2019/Statistical_Report-VS-19.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- | [[᱒᱐᱐᱔ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ|᱒᱐᱐᱔]] | {{Party name with colour|Nagaland Peoples Front}} | ᱑᱑,᱐᱕᱗ | ᱑.᱔᱒% | {{Lost}} | <ref>{{cite report|title=STATISTICAL REPORT ON GENERAL ELECTIONS, 2004 TO THE 14th LOK SABHA - VOLUME I (NATIONAL AND STATE ABSTRACTS & DETAILED RESULTS) |publisher=ELECTION COMMISSION OF INDIA |location=NEW DELHI |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/4126-general-election-2004-vol-i-ii-iii/ }}</ref> |- | [[᱒᱐᱒᱔ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ|᱒᱐᱒᱔]] | rowspan="5"|[[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ]] | rowspan="2"|[[ᱜᱷᱟᱴᱥᱤᱞᱟᱹ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ|ᱜᱷᱟᱴᱥᱤᱞᱟᱹ]] | {{Party name with colour| Jharkhand People's Party|rowspan=3}} | ᱕᱒᱗ | ᱐.᱒᱘% | {{Lost}} |<ref>{{cite web | title=2024 General Election Results | website=Election Commission of India | url=https://results.eci.gov.in/ResultAcGenNov2024/candidateswise-S2745.htm | access-date=September 11, 2025}}</ref> |- | [[᱒᱐᱑᱙ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ|᱒᱐᱑᱙]] | ᱒,᱒᱕᱕ | ᱑.᱓᱓% | {{Lost}} |<ref name=oldreport>{{cite web|title= Statistics Report of Old Election Results |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/statistical-report/statistical-reports/ |website=Election Commission of India }}</ref> |- | [[᱒᱐᱑᱔ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ|᱒᱐᱑᱔]] | [[ᱯᱚᱴᱠᱟ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ|ᱯᱚᱴᱠᱟ]] | ᱑᱒,᱑᱗᱗ | ᱖.᱕᱕% | {{Lost}} |<ref name=oldreport/> |- | [[᱒᱐᱐᱙ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ|᱒᱐᱐᱙]] | [[ᱜᱷᱟᱴᱥᱤᱞᱟᱹ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ|ᱜᱷᱟᱴᱥᱤᱞᱟᱹ]] | {{Party name with colour| Bharatiya Janata Party}} | ᱒᱘,᱕᱖᱑ | ᱒᱒.᱕᱒% | {{Lost}} |<ref name=oldreport/> |- |[[᱒᱐᱐᱕ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ|᱒᱐᱐᱕]] | rowspan="2"|[[ᱯᱚᱴᱠᱟ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ|ᱯᱚᱴᱠᱟ]] | {{Party name with colour| Jharkhand People's Party}} | ᱒᱑,᱑᱖᱒ | ᱑᱕.᱙᱗% | {{Lost}} |<ref name=oldreport/> |- | [[᱒᱐᱐᱐ ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ|᱒᱐᱐᱐]] | rowspan="4"|[[ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ]] | {{Party name with colour| Independent|abbrev=yes}} | ᱒᱐,᱔᱒᱑ | ᱒᱐.᱐᱕% | {{Lost}} |<ref name=oldreport/> |- | [[᱑᱙᱙᱕ ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ|᱑᱙᱙᱕]] | rowspan="3"|[[ᱜᱷᱟᱴᱥᱤᱞᱟᱹ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ|ᱜᱷᱟᱴᱥᱤᱞᱟᱹ]] | {{Party name with colour| Jharkhand People's Party}} | ᱗,᱙᱑᱔ | ᱖.᱗᱒% | {{Lost}} |<ref name=oldreport/> |- | [[᱑᱙᱙᱐ ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ|᱑᱙᱙᱐]] | {{Party name with colour| Independent|abbrev=yes}} | ᱒᱕,᱐᱕᱔ | ᱓᱑.᱗᱔% | {{Won}} |<ref name=oldreport/> |- | [[᱑᱙᱘᱕ ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ|᱑᱙᱘᱕]] | {{Party name with colour| Jharkhand Mukti Morcha}} | ᱒᱐,᱑᱓᱔ | ᱓᱑.᱙᱖% | {{Lost}} |<ref name=oldreport/> |- |} == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}} [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱡᱤᱣᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱥᱤᱝᱵᱷᱩᱢ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱢᱩᱠᱛᱤ ᱢᱚᱨᱪᱟ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱚᱞ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱥᱴᱩᱰᱮᱱᱴᱥ ᱤᱣᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱑᱙᱙᱐–᱑᱙᱙᱕]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛᱤᱭᱚ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱛᱟ ᱯᱟᱨᱴᱤ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]] j2rhjow94ekag47h90rq4gvoe414yvy 194314 194313 2026-07-12T12:18:12Z MT731 2184 194314 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder | name = ᱥᱩᱨᱭᱚ ᱥᱤᱝ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ | office2 = ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱫ, ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ | constituency2 = [[ᱜᱷᱟᱴᱥᱤᱞᱟᱹ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ|ᱜᱷᱟᱴᱥᱤᱞᱟᱹ]] | term_start2 = ᱑᱙᱙᱐ | term_end2 = ᱑᱙᱙᱑<ref>{{cite web | last=Sivaswamy | first=Saisuresh | title=From Tisco apprentice to giant-killer | website=Rediff | date=January 9, 2009 | url=https://m.rediff.com/news/2009/jan/09jhar-from-tisco-apprentice-to-giant-killer.htm | access-date=September 11, 2025}}</ref> | predecessor2 = ᱠᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱢᱟᱨᱰᱤ | successor2 = [[ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱤᱯ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱞᱢᱩᱪᱩ]] | occupation = [[ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱦᱩᱞᱜᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ]], [[ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ]] | pronunciation = | birth_name = | birth_date = ᱑᱙᱕᱕/᱑᱙᱕᱖<ref name=AgeAvenueMail>{{cite web | title=Prominent leaders file nomination, activists hit streets | website=The Avenue Mail | date=November 11, 2014 | url=https://avenuemail.in/prominent-leaders-file-nomination-activists-hit-streets/ | access-date=September 11, 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210927130757/https://avenuemail.in/prominent-leaders-file-nomination-activists-hit-streets/ |archive-date=27 September 2021 |url-status=live}}</ref> | birth_place = ᱵᱟᱲᱟᱠᱟᱸᱡᱤᱭᱟ, ᱰᱩᱢᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ, [[ᱥᱤᱝᱵᱷᱩᱢ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]], [[ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ]] (ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱫᱚ [[ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱥᱤᱝᱵᱷᱩᱢ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]], [[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ]])<ref>{{cite web |work=Government of India | title=Extraordinary Gazette of India, 2004, No. 2102 : Directorate of Printing, Government of India | date=April 22, 2004 | url=https://archive.org/details/in.gazette.e.2004.2102/page/n97/ | access-date=September 12, 2025}}</ref> | party = [[ᱚᱞ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱥᱴᱩᱰᱮᱱᱴᱥ ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ]] <br>[[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱯᱤᱯᱩᱞᱥ ᱯᱟᱨᱴᱤ]] | other_party = | education = ᱮᱢ.ᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ<ref name=telegraph1>{{cite web | title=Far ahead on the write track | website=Telegraph India | date=December 20, 2004 | url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/jharkhand/far-ahead-on-the-write-track/cid/1594532 | access-date=September 11, 2025}}</ref><ref name=telegraph2>{{cite web | last=Singh | first=Ankush | title=BJP nominee from Ghatshila reunites with school friends after 45 years | website=Telegraph India | date=December 9, 2009 | url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/jharkhand/besra-walks-down-memory-lane-bjp-nominee-from-ghatshila-reunites-with-school-friends-after-45-years/cid/565854 | access-date=September 11, 2025}}</ref> | alma_mater = [[ᱨᱟᱺᱪᱤ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ]] | profession = | known_for = [[ᱚᱞ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱥᱴᱩᱰᱮᱱᱴᱥ ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ]] ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱵᱮᱨᱮᱫᱤᱭᱟᱹ<br>[[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱦᱩᱞ|ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱞ]] }} '''ᱥᱩᱨᱭᱚ ᱥᱤᱝ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ''' ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ [[ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱦᱩᱞᱜᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ]] ᱟᱨ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱱᱮᱛᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ [[ᱚᱞ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱥᱴᱩᱰᱮᱱᱴᱥ ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ]] ‌ᱟᱨ [[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱯᱤᱯᱩᱞᱥ ᱯᱟᱨᱴᱤ]] ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱵᱮᱨᱮᱫᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱩᱛᱨᱮᱛ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱙᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ [[ᱜᱷᱟᱴᱥᱤᱞᱟᱹ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑᱐ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ [[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱦᱩᱞ|ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱵᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱞ]] ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱮ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾<ref>{{Cite web |title=Surya Singh Besra(Jharkhand Peoples Party):Constituency- JAMSHEDPUR(JHARKHAND) - Affidavit Information of Candidate |url=https://myneta.info/loksabha2019/candidate.php?candidate_id=12911 |access-date=2022-08-17 |website=myneta.info}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=झारखंड के फायरब्रांड नेता रहे सूर्य सिंह बेसरा को किसने दी चुनौती, जानिए |url=https://www.jagran.com/jharkhand/jamshedpur-who-challenged-the-firebrand-leader-of-jharkhand-surya-singh-besra-know-21943963.html |access-date=2022-08-17 |website=Dainik Jagran |language=hi}}</ref> == ᱱᱤᱡᱮᱨᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ == ᱥᱩᱨᱭᱚ ᱥᱤᱝ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ (ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱑᱙᱕᱕ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱑᱙᱕᱖) ᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ (ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱫᱚ [[ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱥᱤᱝᱵᱷᱩᱢ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]], [[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ]]) ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱰᱩᱢᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱵᱞᱚᱠ, ᱵᱟᱲᱟᱠᱟᱸᱡᱤᱭᱟ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ [[ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]] ᱨᱚᱲ ᱦᱚᱲ [[ᱢᱟᱦᱞᱤ]] ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite book |last=Tillin |first=Louise |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=abENAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA83 |title=Remapping India: New States and their Political Origins |date=2013-10-01 |publisher=Hurst Publishers |isbn=978-1-84904-229-1 |pages=83 |language=en}}</ref> ᱟᱡ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱣᱱᱟ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱪᱟᱹᱠᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱠᱚ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱩᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱟᱥᱲᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱥᱛᱳᱠᱳᱥᱤ ᱩᱱᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱟᱥᱲᱟ, ᱵᱷᱟᱞᱩᱠᱯᱟᱛᱨᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱮ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱷᱟᱴᱥᱤᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱨᱮᱡᱩᱣᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ [[ᱨᱟᱺᱪᱤ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱮᱢ.ᱮ. ᱮ ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱩᱱᱛᱤ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱮ ᱵᱟᱯᱞᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱨᱥ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱠᱤᱱ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ: ᱱᱤᱛᱤᱥᱟ, ᱱᱤᱞᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱳᱣᱨᱚᱵᱽ ᱾ ᱥᱩᱨᱭᱚ ᱥᱤᱝ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱦᱚᱨᱤᱵᱚᱝᱥᱚ ᱨᱟᱭ ᱵᱚᱪᱪᱚᱱ ᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱢᱚᱫᱷᱩᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱛᱚᱨᱡᱚᱢᱟ 'ᱢᱟᱛᱠᱳᱢ ᱨᱟᱥᱟ' ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱑᱗ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱛᱭᱚ ᱮᱠᱟᱰᱮᱢᱤ ᱛᱚᱨᱡᱚᱢᱟ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite web|url=https://sahitya-akademi.gov.in/pdf/Press_Release_(English)_SATA_2017.pdf|title=Press Release: Sahitya Akademi Translation Prize 2017|publisher=Sahitya Akademi|date=21 December 2017|access-date=17 March 2026}}</ref> == ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ == {| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:95%; text-align:left;" |+ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ ᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ |-style="background:#efefef;" ! ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ! ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ! ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ! colspan="2"| ᱫᱚᱞ ! ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫ ᱵᱷᱳᱴ ! % ! ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ! class="unsortable"|ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ |- | [[᱒᱐᱒᱔ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ|᱒᱐᱒᱔]] | rowspan="3"|[[ᱞᱳᱠᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ]] | [[ᱡᱷᱟᱲᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱞᱳᱠᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ|ᱡᱷᱟᱲᱜᱨᱟᱢ]] | {{Party name with colour| Jharkhand People's Party|rowspan=2}} | ᱑᱙,᱔᱙᱔ | ᱑.᱓᱑% | {{Lost}} |<ref>{{cite web|title= General Election to Parliamentary Constituencies: Trends & Results June-2024 — Parliamentary Constituency 33 - Jhargram (West Bengal) |url=https://results.eci.gov.in/PcResultGenJune2024/candidateswise-S2533.htm}}</ref> |- | [[᱒᱐᱑᱙ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ|᱒᱐᱑᱙]] | rowspan="2"|[[ᱡᱟᱢᱥᱮᱫᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱞᱳᱠ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ|ᱡᱟᱢᱥᱮᱫᱽᱯᱩᱨ]] | ᱑,᱗᱑᱗ | ᱐.᱙᱙% | {{Lost}} |<ref>{{cite web |title=Statistical Reports: Election Commission of India, Elections, 2019 (17 LOK SABHA) |url=https://ceojh.jharkhand.gov.in/VS2019/Statistical_Report-VS-19.pdf |access-date=12 September 2025 |archive-date=3 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203073241/https://ceojh.jharkhand.gov.in/VS2019/Statistical_Report-VS-19.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- | [[᱒᱐᱐᱔ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ|᱒᱐᱐᱔]] | {{Party name with colour|Nagaland Peoples Front}} | ᱑᱑,᱐᱕᱗ | ᱑.᱔᱒% | {{Lost}} | <ref>{{cite report|title=STATISTICAL REPORT ON GENERAL ELECTIONS, 2004 TO THE 14th LOK SABHA - VOLUME I (NATIONAL AND STATE ABSTRACTS & DETAILED RESULTS) |publisher=ELECTION COMMISSION OF INDIA |location=NEW DELHI |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/4126-general-election-2004-vol-i-ii-iii/ }}</ref> |- | [[᱒᱐᱒᱔ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ|᱒᱐᱒᱔]] | rowspan="5"|[[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ]] | rowspan="2"|[[ᱜᱷᱟᱴᱥᱤᱞᱟᱹ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ|ᱜᱷᱟᱴᱥᱤᱞᱟᱹ]] | {{Party name with colour| Jharkhand People's Party|rowspan=3}} | ᱕᱒᱗ | ᱐.᱒᱘% | {{Lost}} |<ref>{{cite web | title=2024 General Election Results | website=Election Commission of India | url=https://results.eci.gov.in/ResultAcGenNov2024/candidateswise-S2745.htm | access-date=September 11, 2025}}</ref> |- | [[᱒᱐᱑᱙ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ|᱒᱐᱑᱙]] | ᱒,᱒᱕᱕ | ᱑.᱓᱓% | {{Lost}} |<ref name=oldreport>{{cite web|title= Statistics Report of Old Election Results |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/statistical-report/statistical-reports/ |website=Election Commission of India }}</ref> |- | [[᱒᱐᱑᱔ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ|᱒᱐᱑᱔]] | [[ᱯᱚᱴᱠᱟ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ|ᱯᱚᱴᱠᱟ]] | ᱑᱒,᱑᱗᱗ | ᱖.᱕᱕% | {{Lost}} |<ref name=oldreport/> |- | [[᱒᱐᱐᱙ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ|᱒᱐᱐᱙]] | [[ᱜᱷᱟᱴᱥᱤᱞᱟᱹ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ|ᱜᱷᱟᱴᱥᱤᱞᱟᱹ]] | {{Party name with colour| Bharatiya Janata Party}} | ᱒᱘,᱕᱖᱑ | ᱒᱒.᱕᱒% | {{Lost}} |<ref name=oldreport/> |- |[[᱒᱐᱐᱕ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ|᱒᱐᱐᱕]] | rowspan="2"|[[ᱯᱚᱴᱠᱟ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ|ᱯᱚᱴᱠᱟ]] | {{Party name with colour| Jharkhand People's Party}} | ᱒᱑,᱑᱖᱒ | ᱑᱕.᱙᱗% | {{Lost}} |<ref name=oldreport/> |- | [[᱒᱐᱐᱐ ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ|᱒᱐᱐᱐]] | rowspan="4"|[[ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ]] | {{Party name with colour| Independent|abbrev=yes}} | ᱒᱐,᱔᱒᱑ | ᱒᱐.᱐᱕% | {{Lost}} |<ref name=oldreport/> |- | [[᱑᱙᱙᱕ ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ|᱑᱙᱙᱕]] | rowspan="3"|[[ᱜᱷᱟᱴᱥᱤᱞᱟᱹ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ|ᱜᱷᱟᱴᱥᱤᱞᱟᱹ]] | {{Party name with colour| Jharkhand People's Party}} | ᱗,᱙᱑᱔ | ᱖.᱗᱒% | {{Lost}} |<ref name=oldreport/> |- | [[᱑᱙᱙᱐ ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ|᱑᱙᱙᱐]] | {{Party name with colour| Independent|abbrev=yes}} | ᱒᱕,᱐᱕᱔ | ᱓᱑.᱗᱔% | {{Won}} |<ref name=oldreport/> |- | [[᱑᱙᱘᱕ ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ|᱑᱙᱘᱕]] | {{Party name with colour| Jharkhand Mukti Morcha}} | ᱒᱐,᱑᱓᱔ | ᱓᱑.᱙᱖% | {{Lost}} |<ref name=oldreport/> |- |} == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}} [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱡᱤᱣᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱥᱤᱝᱵᱷᱩᱢ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱢᱩᱠᱛᱤ ᱢᱚᱨᱪᱟ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱚᱞ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱥᱴᱩᱰᱮᱱᱴᱥ ᱤᱣᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱑᱙᱙᱐–᱑᱙᱙᱕]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛᱤᱭᱚ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱛᱟ ᱯᱟᱨᱴᱤ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]] jofebf0vm9cza1vaxr0evddfzf51qua 194315 194314 2026-07-12T12:19:50Z MT731 2184 194315 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder | name = ᱥᱩᱨᱭᱚ ᱥᱤᱝ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ | office2 = ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱫ, ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ | constituency2 = [[ᱜᱷᱟᱴᱥᱤᱞᱟᱹ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ|ᱜᱷᱟᱴᱥᱤᱞᱟᱹ]] | term_start2 = ᱑᱙᱙᱐ | term_end2 = ᱑᱙᱙᱑<ref>{{cite web | last=Sivaswamy | first=Saisuresh | title=From Tisco apprentice to giant-killer | website=Rediff | date=January 9, 2009 | url=https://m.rediff.com/news/2009/jan/09jhar-from-tisco-apprentice-to-giant-killer.htm | access-date=September 11, 2025}}</ref> | predecessor2 = ᱠᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱢᱟᱨᱰᱤ | successor2 = [[ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱤᱯ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱞᱢᱩᱪᱩ]] | occupation = [[ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱦᱩᱞᱜᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ]], [[ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ]] | pronunciation = | birth_name = | birth_date = ᱑᱙᱕᱕/᱑᱙᱕᱖<ref name=AgeAvenueMail>{{cite web | title=Prominent leaders file nomination, activists hit streets | website=The Avenue Mail | date=November 11, 2014 | url=https://avenuemail.in/prominent-leaders-file-nomination-activists-hit-streets/ | access-date=September 11, 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210927130757/https://avenuemail.in/prominent-leaders-file-nomination-activists-hit-streets/ |archive-date=27 September 2021 |url-status=live}}</ref> | birth_place = ᱵᱟᱲᱟᱠᱟᱸᱡᱤᱭᱟ, ᱰᱩᱢᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ, [[ᱥᱤᱝᱵᱷᱩᱢ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]], [[ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ]] (ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱫᱚ [[ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱥᱤᱝᱵᱷᱩᱢ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]], [[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ]])<ref>{{cite web |work=Government of India | title=Extraordinary Gazette of India, 2004, No. 2102 : Directorate of Printing, Government of India | date=April 22, 2004 | url=https://archive.org/details/in.gazette.e.2004.2102/page/n97/ | access-date=September 12, 2025}}</ref> | party = [[ᱚᱞ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱥᱴᱩᱰᱮᱱᱴᱥ ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ]] <br>[[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱯᱤᱯᱩᱞᱥ ᱯᱟᱨᱴᱤ]] | other_party = | education = ᱮᱢ.ᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ<ref name=telegraph1>{{cite web | title=Far ahead on the write track | website=Telegraph India | date=December 20, 2004 | url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/jharkhand/far-ahead-on-the-write-track/cid/1594532 | access-date=September 11, 2025}}</ref><ref name=telegraph2>{{cite web | last=Singh | first=Ankush | title=BJP nominee from Ghatshila reunites with school friends after 45 years | website=Telegraph India | date=December 9, 2009 | url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/jharkhand/besra-walks-down-memory-lane-bjp-nominee-from-ghatshila-reunites-with-school-friends-after-45-years/cid/565854 | access-date=September 11, 2025}}</ref> | alma_mater = [[ᱨᱟᱺᱪᱤ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ]] | profession = | known_for = [[ᱚᱞ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱥᱴᱩᱰᱮᱱᱴᱥ ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ]] ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱵᱮᱨᱮᱫᱤᱭᱟᱹ<br>[[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱦᱩᱞ|ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱞ]] }} '''ᱥᱩᱨᱭᱚ ᱥᱤᱝ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ''' ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ [[ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱦᱩᱞᱜᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ]] ᱟᱨ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱱᱮᱛᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ [[ᱚᱞ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱥᱴᱩᱰᱮᱱᱴᱥ ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ]] ‌ᱟᱨ [[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱯᱤᱯᱩᱞᱥ ᱯᱟᱨᱴᱤ]] ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱵᱮᱨᱮᱫᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱩᱛᱨᱮᱛ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱙᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ [[ᱜᱷᱟᱴᱥᱤᱞᱟᱹ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑᱐ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ [[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱦᱩᱞ|ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱵᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱞ]] ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱮ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾<ref>{{Cite web |title=Surya Singh Besra(Jharkhand Peoples Party):Constituency- JAMSHEDPUR(JHARKHAND) - Affidavit Information of Candidate |url=https://myneta.info/loksabha2019/candidate.php?candidate_id=12911 |access-date=2022-08-17 |website=myneta.info}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=झारखंड के फायरब्रांड नेता रहे सूर्य सिंह बेसरा को किसने दी चुनौती, जानिए |url=https://www.jagran.com/jharkhand/jamshedpur-who-challenged-the-firebrand-leader-of-jharkhand-surya-singh-besra-know-21943963.html |access-date=2022-08-17 |website=Dainik Jagran |language=hi}}</ref> == ᱱᱤᱡᱮᱨᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ == ᱥᱩᱨᱭᱚ ᱥᱤᱝ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ (ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱑᱙᱕᱕ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱑᱙᱕᱖) ᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ (ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱫᱚ [[ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱥᱤᱝᱵᱷᱩᱢ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]], [[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ]]) ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱰᱩᱢᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱵᱞᱚᱠ, ᱵᱟᱲᱟᱠᱟᱸᱡᱤᱭᱟ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ [[ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]] ᱨᱚᱲ ᱦᱚᱲ [[ᱢᱟᱦᱞᱤ]] ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite book |last=Tillin |first=Louise |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=abENAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA83 |title=Remapping India: New States and their Political Origins |date=2013-10-01 |publisher=Hurst Publishers |isbn=978-1-84904-229-1 |pages=83 |language=en}}</ref> ᱟᱡ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱣᱱᱟ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱪᱟᱹᱠᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱠᱚ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱩᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱟᱥᱲᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱥᱛᱳᱠᱳᱥᱤ ᱩᱱᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱟᱥᱲᱟ, ᱵᱷᱟᱞᱩᱠᱯᱟᱛᱨᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱮ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱷᱟᱴᱥᱤᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱨᱮᱡᱩᱣᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ [[ᱨᱟᱺᱪᱤ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱮᱢ.ᱮ. ᱮ ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱩᱱᱛᱤ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱮ ᱵᱟᱯᱞᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱨᱥ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱠᱤᱱ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ: ᱱᱤᱛᱤᱥᱟ, ᱱᱤᱞᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱳᱣᱨᱚᱵᱽ ᱾ ᱥᱩᱨᱭᱚ ᱥᱤᱝ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱦᱚᱨᱤᱵᱚᱝᱥᱚ ᱨᱟᱭ ᱵᱚᱪᱪᱚᱱ ᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱢᱚᱫᱷᱩᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱛᱚᱨᱡᱚᱢᱟ 'ᱢᱟᱛᱠᱳᱢ ᱨᱟᱥᱟ' ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱑᱗ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱛᱭᱚ ᱮᱠᱟᱰᱮᱢᱤ ᱛᱚᱨᱡᱚᱢᱟ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite web|url=https://sahitya-akademi.gov.in/pdf/Press_Release_(English)_SATA_2017.pdf|title=Press Release: Sahitya Akademi Translation Prize 2017|publisher=Sahitya Akademi|date=21 December 2017|access-date=17 March 2026}}</ref> == ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ == {| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:95%; text-align:left;" |+ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ ᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ |-style="background:#efefef;" ! ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ! ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ! ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ! colspan="2"| ᱫᱚᱞ ! ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫ ᱵᱷᱳᱴ ! % ! ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ! class="unsortable"|ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ |- | [[᱒᱐᱒᱔ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ|᱒᱐᱒᱔]] | rowspan="3"|[[ᱞᱳᱠᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ]] | [[ᱡᱷᱟᱲᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱞᱳᱠᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ|ᱡᱷᱟᱲᱜᱨᱟᱢ]] | {{Party name with colour| Jharkhand People's Party|rowspan=2}} | ᱑᱙,᱔᱙᱔ | ᱑.᱓᱑% | {{Lost}} |<ref>{{cite web|title= General Election to Parliamentary Constituencies: Trends & Results June-2024 — Parliamentary Constituency 33 - Jhargram (West Bengal) |url=https://results.eci.gov.in/PcResultGenJune2024/candidateswise-S2533.htm}}</ref> |- | [[᱒᱐᱑᱙ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ|᱒᱐᱑᱙]] | rowspan="2"|[[ᱡᱟᱢᱥᱮᱫᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱞᱳᱠ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ|ᱡᱟᱢᱥᱮᱫᱽᱯᱩᱨ]] | ᱑,᱗᱑᱗ | ᱐.᱙᱙% | {{Lost}} |<ref>{{cite web |title=Statistical Reports: Election Commission of India, Elections, 2019 (17 LOK SABHA) |url=https://ceojh.jharkhand.gov.in/VS2019/Statistical_Report-VS-19.pdf |access-date=12 September 2025 |archive-date=3 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203073241/https://ceojh.jharkhand.gov.in/VS2019/Statistical_Report-VS-19.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- | [[᱒᱐᱐᱔ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ|᱒᱐᱐᱔]] | {{Party name with colour|Nagaland Peoples Front}} | ᱑᱑,᱐᱕᱗ | ᱑.᱔᱒% | {{Lost}} | <ref>{{cite report|title=STATISTICAL REPORT ON GENERAL ELECTIONS, 2004 TO THE 14th LOK SABHA - VOLUME I (NATIONAL AND STATE ABSTRACTS & DETAILED RESULTS) |publisher=ELECTION COMMISSION OF INDIA |location=NEW DELHI |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/4126-general-election-2004-vol-i-ii-iii/ }}</ref> |- | [[᱒᱐᱒᱔ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ|᱒᱐᱒᱔]] | rowspan="5"|[[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ]] | rowspan="2"|[[ᱜᱷᱟᱴᱥᱤᱞᱟᱹ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ|ᱜᱷᱟᱴᱥᱤᱞᱟᱹ]] | {{Party name with colour| Jharkhand People's Party|rowspan=3}} | ᱕᱒᱗ | ᱐.᱒᱘% | {{Lost}} |<ref>{{cite web | title=2024 General Election Results | website=Election Commission of India | url=https://results.eci.gov.in/ResultAcGenNov2024/candidateswise-S2745.htm | access-date=September 11, 2025}}</ref> |- | [[᱒᱐᱑᱙ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ|᱒᱐᱑᱙]] | ᱒,᱒᱕᱕ | ᱑.᱓᱓% | {{Lost}} |<ref name=oldreport>{{cite web|title= Statistics Report of Old Election Results |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/statistical-report/statistical-reports/ |website=Election Commission of India }}</ref> |- | [[᱒᱐᱑᱔ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ|᱒᱐᱑᱔]] | [[ᱯᱚᱴᱠᱟ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ|ᱯᱚᱴᱠᱟ]] | ᱑᱒,᱑᱗᱗ | ᱖.᱕᱕% | {{Lost}} |<ref name=oldreport/> |- | [[᱒᱐᱐᱙ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ|᱒᱐᱐᱙]] | [[ᱜᱷᱟᱴᱥᱤᱞᱟᱹ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ|ᱜᱷᱟᱴᱥᱤᱞᱟᱹ]] | {{Party name with colour| Bharatiya Janata Party}} | ᱒᱘,᱕᱖᱑ | ᱒᱒.᱕᱒% | {{Lost}} |<ref name=oldreport/> |- |[[᱒᱐᱐᱕ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ|᱒᱐᱐᱕]] | rowspan="2"|[[ᱯᱚᱴᱠᱟ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ|ᱯᱚᱴᱠᱟ]] | {{Party name with colour| Jharkhand People's Party}} | ᱒᱑,᱑᱖᱒ | ᱑᱕.᱙᱗% | {{Lost}} |<ref name=oldreport/> |- | [[᱒᱐᱐᱐ ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ|᱒᱐᱐᱐]] | rowspan="4"|[[ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ]] | {{Party name with colour| Independent|abbrev=yes}} | ᱒᱐,᱔᱒᱑ | ᱒᱐.᱐᱕% | {{Lost}} |<ref name=oldreport/> |- | [[᱑᱙᱙᱕ ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ|᱑᱙᱙᱕]] | rowspan="3"|[[ᱜᱷᱟᱴᱥᱤᱞᱟᱹ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ|ᱜᱷᱟᱴᱥᱤᱞᱟᱹ]] | {{Party name with colour| Jharkhand People's Party}} | ᱗,᱙᱑᱔ | ᱖.᱗᱒% | {{Lost}} |<ref name=oldreport/> |- | [[᱑᱙᱙᱐ ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ|᱑᱙᱙᱐]] | {{Party name with colour| Independent|abbrev=yes}} | ᱒᱕,᱐᱕᱔ | ᱓᱑.᱗᱔% | {{Won}} |<ref name=oldreport/> |- | [[᱑᱙᱘᱕ ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ|᱑᱙᱘᱕]] | {{Party name with colour| Jharkhand Mukti Morcha}} | ᱒᱐,᱑᱓᱔ | ᱓᱑.᱙᱖% | {{Lost}} |<ref name=oldreport/> |- |} == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}} [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱡᱤᱣᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱥᱤᱝᱵᱷᱩᱢ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱢᱩᱠᱛᱤ ᱢᱚᱨᱪᱟ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱚᱞ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱥᱴᱩᱰᱮᱱᱴᱥ ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱑᱙᱙᱐–᱑᱙᱙᱕]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛᱤᱭᱚ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱛᱟ ᱯᱟᱨᱴᱤ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]] somjqznp90ywcr10gx68h5fsnd7cd39 194316 194315 2026-07-12T12:25:09Z MT731 2184 194316 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder | name = ᱥᱩᱨᱭᱚ ᱥᱤᱝ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ | office2 = ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱫ, ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ | constituency2 = [[ᱜᱷᱟᱴᱥᱤᱞᱟᱹ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ|ᱜᱷᱟᱴᱥᱤᱞᱟᱹ]] | term_start2 = ᱑᱙᱙᱐ | term_end2 = ᱑᱙᱙᱑<ref>{{cite web | last=Sivaswamy | first=Saisuresh | title=From Tisco apprentice to giant-killer | website=Rediff | date=January 9, 2009 | url=https://m.rediff.com/news/2009/jan/09jhar-from-tisco-apprentice-to-giant-killer.htm | access-date=September 11, 2025}}</ref> | predecessor2 = ᱠᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱢᱟᱨᱰᱤ | successor2 = [[ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱤᱯ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱞᱢᱩᱪᱩ]] | occupation = [[ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱦᱩᱞᱜᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ]], [[ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ]] | pronunciation = | birth_name = | birth_date = ᱑᱙᱕᱕/᱑᱙᱕᱖<ref name=AgeAvenueMail>{{cite web | title=Prominent leaders file nomination, activists hit streets | website=The Avenue Mail | date=November 11, 2014 | url=https://avenuemail.in/prominent-leaders-file-nomination-activists-hit-streets/ | access-date=September 11, 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210927130757/https://avenuemail.in/prominent-leaders-file-nomination-activists-hit-streets/ |archive-date=27 September 2021 |url-status=live}}</ref> | birth_place = ᱵᱟᱲᱟᱠᱟᱸᱡᱤᱭᱟ, ᱰᱩᱢᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ, [[ᱥᱤᱝᱵᱷᱩᱢ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]], [[ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ]] (ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱫᱚ [[ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱥᱤᱝᱵᱷᱩᱢ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]], [[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ]])<ref>{{cite web |work=Government of India | title=Extraordinary Gazette of India, 2004, No. 2102 : Directorate of Printing, Government of India | date=April 22, 2004 | url=https://archive.org/details/in.gazette.e.2004.2102/page/n97/ | access-date=September 12, 2025}}</ref> | party = [[ᱚᱞ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱥᱴᱩᱰᱮᱸᱴᱥ ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ]] <br>[[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱯᱤᱯᱩᱞᱥ ᱯᱟᱨᱴᱤ]] | other_party = | education = ᱮᱢ.ᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ<ref name=telegraph1>{{cite web | title=Far ahead on the write track | website=Telegraph India | date=December 20, 2004 | url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/jharkhand/far-ahead-on-the-write-track/cid/1594532 | access-date=September 11, 2025}}</ref><ref name=telegraph2>{{cite web | last=Singh | first=Ankush | title=BJP nominee from Ghatshila reunites with school friends after 45 years | website=Telegraph India | date=December 9, 2009 | url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/jharkhand/besra-walks-down-memory-lane-bjp-nominee-from-ghatshila-reunites-with-school-friends-after-45-years/cid/565854 | access-date=September 11, 2025}}</ref> | alma_mater = [[ᱨᱟᱺᱪᱤ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ]] | profession = | known_for = [[ᱚᱞ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱥᱴᱩᱰᱮᱸᱴᱥ ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ]] ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱵᱮᱨᱮᱫᱤᱭᱟᱹ<br>[[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱦᱩᱞ|ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱞ]] }} '''ᱥᱩᱨᱭᱚ ᱥᱤᱝ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ''' ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ [[ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱦᱩᱞᱜᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ]] ᱟᱨ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱱᱮᱛᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ [[ᱚᱞ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱥᱴᱩᱰᱮᱸᱴᱥ ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ]] ‌ᱟᱨ [[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱯᱤᱯᱩᱞᱥ ᱯᱟᱨᱴᱤ]] ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱵᱮᱨᱮᱫᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱩᱛᱨᱮᱛ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱙᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ [[ᱜᱷᱟᱴᱥᱤᱞᱟᱹ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑᱐ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ [[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱦᱩᱞ|ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱵᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱞ]] ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱮ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾<ref>{{Cite web |title=Surya Singh Besra(Jharkhand Peoples Party):Constituency- JAMSHEDPUR(JHARKHAND) - Affidavit Information of Candidate |url=https://myneta.info/loksabha2019/candidate.php?candidate_id=12911 |access-date=2022-08-17 |website=myneta.info}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=झारखंड के फायरब्रांड नेता रहे सूर्य सिंह बेसरा को किसने दी चुनौती, जानिए |url=https://www.jagran.com/jharkhand/jamshedpur-who-challenged-the-firebrand-leader-of-jharkhand-surya-singh-besra-know-21943963.html |access-date=2022-08-17 |website=Dainik Jagran |language=hi}}</ref> == ᱱᱤᱡᱮᱨᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ == ᱥᱩᱨᱭᱚ ᱥᱤᱝ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ (ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱑᱙᱕᱕ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱑᱙᱕᱖) ᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ (ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱫᱚ [[ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱥᱤᱝᱵᱷᱩᱢ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]], [[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ]]) ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱰᱩᱢᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱵᱞᱚᱠ, ᱵᱟᱲᱟᱠᱟᱸᱡᱤᱭᱟ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ [[ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]] ᱨᱚᱲ ᱦᱚᱲ [[ᱢᱟᱦᱞᱤ]] ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref>{{Cite book |last=Tillin |first=Louise |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=abENAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA83 |title=Remapping India: New States and their Political Origins |date=2013-10-01 |publisher=Hurst Publishers |isbn=978-1-84904-229-1 |pages=83 |language=en}}</ref> ᱟᱡ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱣᱱᱟ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱪᱟᱹᱠᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱠᱚ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱩᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱟᱥᱲᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱥᱛᱳᱠᱳᱥᱤ ᱩᱱᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱟᱥᱲᱟ, ᱵᱷᱟᱞᱩᱠᱯᱟᱛᱨᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱮ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱷᱟᱴᱥᱤᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱨᱮᱡᱩᱣᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ [[ᱨᱟᱺᱪᱤ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱮᱢ.ᱮ. ᱮ ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱩᱱᱛᱤ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱮ ᱵᱟᱯᱞᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱨᱥ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱠᱤᱱ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ: ᱱᱤᱛᱤᱥᱟ, ᱱᱤᱞᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱳᱣᱨᱚᱵᱽ ᱾ ᱥᱩᱨᱭᱚ ᱥᱤᱝ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱦᱚᱨᱤᱵᱚᱝᱥᱚ ᱨᱟᱭ ᱵᱚᱪᱪᱚᱱ ᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱢᱚᱫᱷᱩᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱛᱚᱨᱡᱚᱢᱟ 'ᱢᱟᱛᱠᱳᱢ ᱨᱟᱥᱟ' ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱑᱗ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱛᱭᱚ ᱮᱠᱟᱰᱮᱢᱤ ᱛᱚᱨᱡᱚᱢᱟ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite web|url=https://sahitya-akademi.gov.in/pdf/Press_Release_(English)_SATA_2017.pdf|title=Press Release: Sahitya Akademi Translation Prize 2017|publisher=Sahitya Akademi|date=21 December 2017|access-date=17 March 2026}}</ref> == ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ == {| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:95%; text-align:left;" |+ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ ᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ |-style="background:#efefef;" ! ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ! ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ! ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ! colspan="2"| ᱫᱚᱞ ! ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫ ᱵᱷᱳᱴ ! % ! ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ! class="unsortable"|ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ |- | [[᱒᱐᱒᱔ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ|᱒᱐᱒᱔]] | rowspan="3"|[[ᱞᱳᱠᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ]] | [[ᱡᱷᱟᱲᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱞᱳᱠᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ|ᱡᱷᱟᱲᱜᱨᱟᱢ]] | {{Party name with colour| Jharkhand People's Party|rowspan=2}} | ᱑᱙,᱔᱙᱔ | ᱑.᱓᱑% | {{Lost}} |<ref>{{cite web|title= General Election to Parliamentary Constituencies: Trends & Results June-2024 — Parliamentary Constituency 33 - Jhargram (West Bengal) |url=https://results.eci.gov.in/PcResultGenJune2024/candidateswise-S2533.htm}}</ref> |- | [[᱒᱐᱑᱙ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ|᱒᱐᱑᱙]] | rowspan="2"|[[ᱡᱟᱢᱥᱮᱫᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱞᱳᱠ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ|ᱡᱟᱢᱥᱮᱫᱽᱯᱩᱨ]] | ᱑,᱗᱑᱗ | ᱐.᱙᱙% | {{Lost}} |<ref>{{cite web |title=Statistical Reports: Election Commission of India, Elections, 2019 (17 LOK SABHA) |url=https://ceojh.jharkhand.gov.in/VS2019/Statistical_Report-VS-19.pdf |access-date=12 September 2025 |archive-date=3 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203073241/https://ceojh.jharkhand.gov.in/VS2019/Statistical_Report-VS-19.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- | [[᱒᱐᱐᱔ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ|᱒᱐᱐᱔]] | {{Party name with colour|Nagaland Peoples Front}} | ᱑᱑,᱐᱕᱗ | ᱑.᱔᱒% | {{Lost}} | <ref>{{cite report|title=STATISTICAL REPORT ON GENERAL ELECTIONS, 2004 TO THE 14th LOK SABHA - VOLUME I (NATIONAL AND STATE ABSTRACTS & DETAILED RESULTS) |publisher=ELECTION COMMISSION OF INDIA |location=NEW DELHI |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/4126-general-election-2004-vol-i-ii-iii/ }}</ref> |- | [[᱒᱐᱒᱔ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ|᱒᱐᱒᱔]] | rowspan="5"|[[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ]] | rowspan="2"|[[ᱜᱷᱟᱴᱥᱤᱞᱟᱹ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ|ᱜᱷᱟᱴᱥᱤᱞᱟᱹ]] | {{Party name with colour| Jharkhand People's Party|rowspan=3}} | ᱕᱒᱗ | ᱐.᱒᱘% | {{Lost}} |<ref>{{cite web | title=2024 General Election Results | website=Election Commission of India | url=https://results.eci.gov.in/ResultAcGenNov2024/candidateswise-S2745.htm | access-date=September 11, 2025}}</ref> |- | [[᱒᱐᱑᱙ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ|᱒᱐᱑᱙]] | ᱒,᱒᱕᱕ | ᱑.᱓᱓% | {{Lost}} |<ref name=oldreport>{{cite web|title= Statistics Report of Old Election Results |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/statistical-report/statistical-reports/ |website=Election Commission of India }}</ref> |- | [[᱒᱐᱑᱔ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ|᱒᱐᱑᱔]] | [[ᱯᱚᱴᱠᱟ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ|ᱯᱚᱴᱠᱟ]] | ᱑᱒,᱑᱗᱗ | ᱖.᱕᱕% | {{Lost}} |<ref name=oldreport/> |- | [[᱒᱐᱐᱙ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ|᱒᱐᱐᱙]] | [[ᱜᱷᱟᱴᱥᱤᱞᱟᱹ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ|ᱜᱷᱟᱴᱥᱤᱞᱟᱹ]] | {{Party name with colour| Bharatiya Janata Party}} | ᱒᱘,᱕᱖᱑ | ᱒᱒.᱕᱒% | {{Lost}} |<ref name=oldreport/> |- |[[᱒᱐᱐᱕ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ|᱒᱐᱐᱕]] | rowspan="2"|[[ᱯᱚᱴᱠᱟ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ|ᱯᱚᱴᱠᱟ]] | {{Party name with colour| Jharkhand People's Party}} | ᱒᱑,᱑᱖᱒ | ᱑᱕.᱙᱗% | {{Lost}} |<ref name=oldreport/> |- | [[᱒᱐᱐᱐ ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ|᱒᱐᱐᱐]] | rowspan="4"|[[ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ]] | {{Party name with colour| Independent|abbrev=yes}} | ᱒᱐,᱔᱒᱑ | ᱒᱐.᱐᱕% | {{Lost}} |<ref name=oldreport/> |- | [[᱑᱙᱙᱕ ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ|᱑᱙᱙᱕]] | rowspan="3"|[[ᱜᱷᱟᱴᱥᱤᱞᱟᱹ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ|ᱜᱷᱟᱴᱥᱤᱞᱟᱹ]] | {{Party name with colour| Jharkhand People's Party}} | ᱗,᱙᱑᱔ | ᱖.᱗᱒% | {{Lost}} |<ref name=oldreport/> |- | [[᱑᱙᱙᱐ ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ|᱑᱙᱙᱐]] | {{Party name with colour| Independent|abbrev=yes}} | ᱒᱕,᱐᱕᱔ | ᱓᱑.᱗᱔% | {{Won}} |<ref name=oldreport/> |- | [[᱑᱙᱘᱕ ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ|᱑᱙᱘᱕]] | {{Party name with colour| Jharkhand Mukti Morcha}} | ᱒᱐,᱑᱓᱔ | ᱓᱑.᱙᱖% | {{Lost}} |<ref name=oldreport/> |- |} == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}} [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱡᱤᱣᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱥᱤᱝᱵᱷᱩᱢ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱢᱩᱠᱛᱤ ᱢᱚᱨᱪᱟ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱚᱞ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱥᱴᱩᱰᱮᱸᱴᱥ ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱑᱙᱙᱐–᱑᱙᱙᱕]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛᱤᱭᱚ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱛᱟ ᱯᱟᱨᱴᱤ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]] rq9gl8wss7gvxlkuqv7jvngk7s2azjw 0 26421 194307 193160 2026-07-12T12:03:00Z ᱯᱨᱟᱫᱤᱯ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱨᱚᱢ 8509 /* growthexperiments-addlink-summary-summary:3|0|0 */ 194307 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = ᱤᱥᱟ ᱥᱚᱨᱵᱷᱟᱱᱤ | image = Isha sharwani go green initiative.jpg | caption = 'ᱜᱨᱤᱱ' ᱤᱱᱥᱴᱤᱪᱤᱭᱮᱴᱤᱵᱷ ᱯᱨᱳᱢᱳᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱨᱣᱟᱱᱤ | birth_date = | birth_place = ᱜᱩᱡᱽᱨᱟᱴ, ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ | death_date = | death_place = | occupation = ᱰᱮᱱᱥᱚᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱴᱨᱮᱥ | years_active = 2005–2020 | children = ᱞᱩᱠᱟ (son)<ref name="Isha Sharvani: I feel lucky to have a loving son like Luca">{{cite news |last1=The Times of India |title=Isha Sharvani: I feel lucky to have a loving son like Luca |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/isha-sharvani-i-feel-lucky-to-have-a-loving-son-like-luca/articleshow/73891696.cms |accessdate=17 June 2022 |date=3 February 2020 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220617185406/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/isha-sharvani-i-feel-lucky-to-have-a-loving-son-like-luca/articleshow/73891696.cms |archivedate=17 June 2022 |language=en}}</ref> | website = {{URL|ishasharvani.com}} }} '''ᱤᱥᱟ ᱥᱚᱨᱵᱷᱟᱱᱤ''' ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛᱤᱭᱚ ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱴᱷᱚᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱳᱭᱞᱤ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱱᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱩᱯᱨᱩᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾<ref>{{Cite web |title=Isha Sharvani |url=https://annettecarmichael.com.au/team/isha-sharvani/ |access-date=1 November 2022 |website=annettecarmichael.com |archive-date=31 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221031224640/https://annettecarmichael.com.au/team/isha-sharvani/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="verve">{{Cite web |date=19 February 2016 |title=Gene Junction: Isha Sharvani |url=https://www.vervemagazine.in/people/isha-sharvani-aerial-dancer |website=Verve}}</ref> ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱮᱥ ᱠᱤᱪᱷᱩᱜᱟᱱ ᱵᱚᱞᱤᱭᱩᱰ,[[ᱢᱟᱞᱟᱭᱟᱞᱚᱢ|ᱢᱟᱞᱚᱭᱟᱞᱚᱢ]] ᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱢᱤᱞ ᱪᱚᱞᱚᱛᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱚᱵᱷᱤᱱᱚᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟᱭ ᱾ == ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ == ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ [[ᱜᱩᱡᱽᱨᱟᱴ|ᱜᱩᱡᱨᱟᱴ]] ᱩᱯᱨᱩᱢᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱫᱟᱠᱠᱷᱚ ᱥᱮᱛᱷ ᱟᱨ [[ᱯᱟᱨᱛᱷ]] ᱨᱮᱱ ᱮᱥᱴᱨᱮᱞᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤᱜᱚᱞ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱫᱮᱵ ᱟᱭᱥᱚᱨᱳ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱮᱨᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ <ref>{{Cite web |last=Swaminathan |first=Chitra |date=8 February 2010 |title=Dance beyond boundaries |url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/Dance-beyond-boundaries/article11643145.ece |website=The Hindu}}</ref>᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱟᱦᱚᱢᱮᱫᱟᱵᱟᱫ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱨᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ, ᱵᱚᱨᱤᱱᱫᱟᱵᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱮᱝᱜᱟᱞᱳᱨ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱥᱮᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ,<ref name="verve"/> ᱟᱨ ᱴᱨᱤᱵᱷᱟᱱᱫᱨᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱾<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://in.movies.yahoo.com/060802/128/66cwr.html|title=Isha Sharvani|last=Swati R Chaudhary|work=GlamSham|access-date=9 August 2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070313232821/http://in.movies.yahoo.com/060802/128/66cwr.html|archive-date=13 March 2007|publisher=[[Yahoo!]]|agency=TNN}}</ref> ᱩᱱᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱵᱚᱭᱦᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱣ ᱟᱭᱥᱚᱨᱳ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱯᱨᱩᱢᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱤᱥᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱟᱭᱳᱼᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱠᱮᱨᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱴᱨᱤᱵᱷᱟᱱᱫᱨᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱠᱟᱫᱮᱢᱤ ᱯᱷᱚᱨ ᱟᱨᱴ ᱨᱤᱥᱟᱨᱪ, ᱴᱨᱮᱱᱤᱝ ᱮᱱᱰ ᱤᱱᱳᱵᱷᱮᱥᱚᱱ (ᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱴᱤ) ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱟᱨᱴᱥ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ 13 ᱥᱮ 14 ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/2000/20000820/spectrum/main4.htm|title=Inspiring life|date=20 August 2000|work=Spectrum|access-date=15 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180618042450/http://www.tribuneindia.com/2000/20000820/spectrum/main4.htm|archive-date=18 June 2018}}</ref>᱾ ᱜᱮᱞ ᱜᱮᱞ ᱜᱮᱞ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡ ᱟᱭᱳ ᱫᱟᱠᱠᱷᱚ ᱥᱮᱛᱷ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱡ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫᱮ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱞᱟᱨᱤᱯᱟᱭᱚᱴᱴᱩ,[[ᱠᱚᱛᱷᱚᱠ]] ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱣ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣᱮᱱ ᱮᱭᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ 22 ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱴᱷ ᱮ ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾   ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱰᱮᱭᱞᱤ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱤᱱᱴᱟᱨᱵᱷᱤᱭᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱥᱟ ᱫᱚᱭ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ, "ᱥᱤᱱᱮᱢᱟ ᱤᱱᱰᱟᱥᱴᱨᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱧ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱜᱮᱞ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱦᱟᱵᱤᱡ ᱤᱧ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱘ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑᱐ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱟᱹᱨᱤᱪᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟ. ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱤᱧ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱮᱱ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱪᱮᱬᱮ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱤᱧᱟᱜ ᱠᱳᱰᱟᱨᱵᱳᱨ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱠᱟᱭᱛᱮ ᱮᱱᱮᱥᱮᱠᱥᱩᱞ ᱰᱨᱚᱠᱥ, ᱡᱤᱱᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱴᱤ-ᱥᱟᱨᱴ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾" ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱞᱠᱚᱢ ᱰᱮᱱᱥᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱰᱮᱱᱥ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ == ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ == [[ᱨᱮᱫ:Isha_Sharwani,_Salman_Khan_on_the_sets_of_'Jhalak_Dikhhlaa_Jaa_5'(8).jpg|thumb|''ᱡᱟᱞᱚᱠ ᱫᱟᱠᱷᱚᱞᱟ ᱡᱟ 5'' ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱴᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱨᱳᱣᱟᱱᱤ ]] ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱤᱡ ᱥᱩᱵᱟᱥ ᱜᱦᱟᱭ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ 'ᱠᱤᱥᱱᱟ' (2005) ᱪᱚᱞᱚᱛ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱴᱷ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱪᱚᱱ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫᱦᱚᱲ ᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱤᱥᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱮᱫᱦᱚᱸ ᱪᱚᱞᱚᱛ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱵᱷᱤᱱᱚᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ [[ᱵᱤᱵᱮᱠ ᱳᱵᱮᱨᱳᱭ]] ᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱨᱩᱫᱨᱮ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱢᱩᱲᱩᱫ ᱪᱩᱨᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱴᱷ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ 'ᱯᱟᱨᱞᱮ ᱦᱟᱭᱰ ᱮᱱᱰ ᱥᱤᱠ' ᱼ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱵᱮᱥᱤᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱨᱤᱛᱤᱠ ᱨᱳᱥᱚᱱ ᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱮᱱᱮᱡᱤᱡ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱦᱨᱤᱛᱤᱠ ᱨᱳᱨᱥᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱥᱟᱨᱦᱟᱣᱟᱱ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱰᱩᱭᱮᱴ ᱮ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱰᱮᱱᱥ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱮ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱫ-ᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱒᱐᱐᱖ ᱟᱨ ᱒᱐᱐᱗ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱤᱞᱤᱡᱽ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱐᱖ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ ᱠᱚᱢᱮᱰᱤ ᱫᱟᱨᱣᱟᱡᱟ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱷ ᱨᱚᱠᱷᱳ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱨᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱠᱟ.ᱢᱤ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱟᱠᱥᱟ ᱥᱮᱛᱷ ᱰᱮᱱᱥ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱱᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱰᱮᱱᱥᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ [[ᱢᱩᱢᱵᱟᱭ]], [[ᱞᱚᱱᱰᱚᱱ]], ᱯᱚᱨᱛᱷ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱚᱥᱠᱟᱴ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱱᱮᱨᱮᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾ ᱒᱐᱑᱒ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱥᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱰᱮᱱᱥ ᱨᱤᱭᱟᱞᱤᱴᱤ ᱥᱳ, ᱡᱷᱟᱞᱚᱠ ᱫᱤᱦᱞᱞᱟ ᱡᱟ ᱥᱤᱡᱚᱱ ᱕ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱞᱚᱨᱥ ᱴᱤᱵᱷᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱳ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱰᱮᱱᱥ ᱯᱚᱨᱯᱷᱚᱨᱢᱟᱱᱥ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱨᱦᱟᱣ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱑᱓ ᱨᱮ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱞᱟᱭᱟᱞᱟᱢ ᱠᱩᱴᱤ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱤᱥᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱣᱩᱥᱵᱽᱨᱤᱠᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱨᱳᱞ ᱮ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱞᱮᱫ-ᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱕ ᱥᱩᱱᱫᱚᱨᱤᱠᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱑᱔ ᱨᱮ, ᱥᱟᱨᱵᱷᱟᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱞᱟᱭᱟᱞᱟᱢ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱤᱭᱳᱵᱤᱱᱴᱮ ᱯᱩᱥᱛᱚᱠᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱨᱳᱞ ᱮ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱭᱳ ᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱞᱳ-ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱞᱮ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟ. ᱨᱳᱞ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱑᱕ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ, ᱥᱟᱨᱵᱷᱟᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱞᱟᱭᱟᱞᱟᱢ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱰᱚᱵᱞ ᱵᱮᱨᱮᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱨᱳᱞ ᱮ ᱠᱷᱮᱞ ᱞᱮᱫ-ᱟ ᱾ == ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢᱳᱜᱨᱟᱯᱷᱚ == {| class="wikitable sortable" !ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ !ᱪᱚᱞᱚᱛᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ !ᱮᱱᱮᱢ !ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ !ᱱᱳᱴᱠᱚ |- |2005 |''ᱠᱤᱥᱱᱟᱼ ᱫᱟ ᱳᱣᱟᱨᱤᱟᱨ ᱠᱤᱭᱤᱴ'' |ᱞᱚᱠᱠᱷᱤ | rowspan="6" |ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ | |- |2006 |''ᱫᱟᱨᱳᱣᱟᱡᱟ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱷ ᱨᱟᱠᱷᱳ'' |ᱤᱥᱟ ᱛᱟᱱᱮᱡᱟ | |- |2006 |''ᱨᱚᱠᱤᱼ ᱫᱟ ᱨᱮᱵᱮᱞ'' |ᱱᱮᱦᱚ ᱢᱟᱛᱷᱩᱨ | |- |2007 |''ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ, ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ'' |ᱨᱚᱥᱢᱤ ᱰᱤ ᱚᱣᱟᱥᱛᱷᱤ | |- |2008 |''ᱤᱭᱩ ᱢᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱢ'' |ᱱᱟᱛᱮᱥᱟ 'ᱱᱩᱴᱴᱤ | |- |2009 |''ᱫᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱚᱥ'' |ᱱᱤᱠᱤ ᱳᱣᱟᱞᱤᱭᱟ | |- |2012 |''ᱢᱚᱛᱛᱨᱚᱭ'' |ᱟᱡᱜᱮ ᱟᱡ ᱜᱮ |[[ᱛᱟᱹᱢᱤᱞ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱛᱟᱢᱤᱞ]] |'ᱛᱤᱭᱮᱭᱟ ᱛᱤᱭᱮᱭᱟ' ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱥ ᱮ ᱥᱮᱴᱮᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ |- |2013 |''ᱰᱮᱵᱤᱰ'' |ᱨᱳᱢᱟ |ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ | |- |2013 |''5 ᱥᱩᱱᱫᱚᱨᱤᱠᱚᱞ'' |ᱤᱥᱟ | rowspan="3" |[[ᱢᱟᱞᱟᱭᱟᱞᱚᱢ|ᱢᱟᱞᱚᱭᱟᱞᱚᱢ]] |Segment: Esha''ᱤᱥᱟ'' |- |2014 |''ᱟᱭᱳᱵᱤᱱᱴᱮ ᱯᱩᱥᱴᱚᱠᱟᱢ'' |ᱢᱟᱨᱛᱷᱟ | |- |2015 |''ᱰᱚᱵᱚᱞ ᱵᱮᱨᱮᱞ'' |ᱜᱳᱣᱨᱤ | |- |2017 |''ᱠᱟᱨᱤᱵ ᱠᱟᱨᱤᱵ ᱥᱤᱝᱞᱮ'' |ᱜᱳᱣᱨᱤ |ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ | |- |2020 |''ᱫᱤᱞ ᱵᱮᱪᱟᱨᱟ'' |ᱯᱮᱲᱟ |ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ | |} == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == 7prfcoem3kkm2hdvotwd422lo55vidm 14 34879 194402 188288 2026-07-13T07:56:56Z MT731 2184 194402 wikitext text/x-wiki ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ]] o0zaq53358zf4266hl9vuqvibawa5iy 0 35230 194308 193144 2026-07-12T12:04:55Z ᱯᱨᱟᱫᱤᱯ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱨᱚᱢ 8509 /* growthexperiments-addlink-summary-summary:2|0|0 */ 194308 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|ᱮᱛᱚᱢ-ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ}}{{Infobox ethnic group||group=ᱟᱠᱷᱟ|image=Akha tribe depiction, 1900s.jpg|caption=᱑᱙᱐᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱵᱚᱨᱢᱤ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ|pop=᱖᱘᱐,᱐᱐᱐|region1=[[ᱪᱤᱱ]]|pop1=᱒᱔᱐,᱐᱐᱐|ref1=<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ethnologue.com/language/ahk/|title=Akha|work=Ethnologue (Free All) |publisher=Ethnologue|access-date=December 26, 2023}}</ref>|region2=[[ᱞᱟᱣᱚᱥ]]|pop2=᱑᱑᱒,᱙᱗᱙|ref2=<ref name="Census2015">{{cite web|url=https://lao.unfpa.org/sites/default/files/pub-pdf/PHC-ENG-FNAL-WEB_0.pdf|title=Results of Population and Housing Census 2015 |publisher=Lao Statistics Bureau |access-date=1 May 2020}}</ref>|region3=[[ᱛᱷᱟᱭᱞᱮᱱᱰ|ᱛᱷᱟᱭᱞᱟᱱᱰ]]|pop3=᱘᱐,᱐᱐᱐|ref3=<ref>{{cite web | url=https://thelandofwanderlust.com/hill-tribe-chinese-roots-akha-tribe-chiang-rai/ | title=The hill tribe with Chinese roots: Akha tribe, Chiang Rai | date=3 January 2018 }}</ref>|popplace=[[ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱮᱛᱚᱢᱼᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱭᱩᱱᱱᱟᱱ]] ([[ᱪᱤᱱ]])|rels=ᱟᱠᱷᱟᱡᱟ ([[ᱡᱤᱣᱤᱣᱟᱫᱽ]]),<ref>[http://www.akha.org/content/aboutakhalife/akhaoverview.html The Akha Heritage Foundation]</ref> [[Buddhism|ᱵᱩᱫᱫᱷᱚ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ]], [[Christianity|ᱤᱥᱟᱹᱭ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ]]<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20030831012827/http://www.atimes.com/atimes/Southeast_Asia/EH29Ae01.html "Christian conversion threatens hill tribe culture"], ''Asia Times''</ref>|langs=[[ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]], [[ᱞᱟᱣᱚᱥ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]], [[ᱛᱷᱟᱭ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]]|related=[[ᱦᱟᱱᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ]], [[ᱠᱟᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ]]|native_name=|native_name_lang=}} '''ᱟᱠᱷᱟ''' ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ [[ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ]] ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱟᱣᱚᱥ, ᱢᱤᱭᱟᱱᱢᱟᱨ, ᱛᱷᱟᱭᱞᱮᱱᱰ, ᱵᱷᱤᱭᱮᱛᱱᱟᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱪᱤᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱭᱩᱱᱱᱟᱱ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱪᱤᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮᱛᱚᱢᱼᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱚᱨᱢᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱣᱚᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱛᱷᱟᱭᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱱ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱛᱷᱟᱭᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱛᱷᱟᱭᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱪᱤᱭᱟᱝ ᱢᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱪᱤᱭᱟᱝ ᱨᱟᱭ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱢᱫᱟᱡᱽ ᱘᱐,᱐᱐᱐ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾<ref>Chiang Mai's Hill Peoples in: Forbes, Andrew, and Henley, David, ''Ancient Chiang Mai'' Volume 3. Chiang Mai, Cognoscenti Books, 2012.</ref> ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱤᱵᱵᱚᱛᱤᱼᱵᱚᱨᱢᱤ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱳᱞᱳᱭᱤᱥ (ᱭᱤ)ᱪᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱤᱥᱩ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱮᱥᱟ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱮᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱑᱖᱔᱔ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱝ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱵᱚᱝᱥᱚ ᱟᱜ ᱟᱠᱨᱚᱢᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱭᱩᱱᱱᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱣᱥᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱮᱝᱪᱳᱝ ᱵᱮᱰᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱜᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ == ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ == [[ᱨᱮᱫ:Flag_of_the_Akha_People_(Thailand).svg|thumb|ᱛᱷᱟᱭᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱪᱤᱨ]] ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱮᱵᱮᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱩᱱᱠᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱤᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ; ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ, ᱚᱠᱟ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱢᱚᱛ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱹᱵᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱠᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱤᱵᱵᱚᱛ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱠᱤᱪᱷᱩ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱭᱩᱱᱱᱟᱱ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱘᱖᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱵᱚᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱨᱚᱢᱟᱬ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱒᱐ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱵᱚᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱛᱷᱟᱭᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱚᱞᱚ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱵᱚᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱤᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="Kammerer">{{cite journal|last=Kammerer|first=Cornelia Ann|journal=Gle Rubin Virtual Reference Library|year=1996|volume=5|series=East and South East Asia|pages=11–13|access-date=30 April 2012|title=GALE search}}</ref> == ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱢᱟᱱᱚᱛ == [[ᱨᱮᱫ:Akha_laos_11_03d.jpg|thumb|ᱞᱟᱣᱚᱥ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ]] ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱛᱚᱢᱼᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱪᱤᱱ, ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱞᱟᱣᱚᱥ, ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱢᱤᱭᱟᱱᱢᱟᱨ, ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱛᱷᱟᱭᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱧᱮᱼᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱵᱷᱤᱭᱮᱛᱱᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱾ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱢᱫᱟᱡᱽ ᱔᱐᱐,᱐᱐᱐ (ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ, ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱳᱵᱚᱠᱥ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱖᱘᱐,᱐᱐᱐) ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱪᱤᱱ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱠᱟᱭᱛᱮ ᱦᱟᱱᱤ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱣᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱾ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱟᱱᱤ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ, ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱠᱚ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱾<ref name="Hilltribe">{{cite web|url=http://www.hilltribe.org/akha/|title=The Akha|publisher=HillTribe.org|access-date=3 May 2012}}</ref> ᱛᱷᱟᱭᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱨᱮ, ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱩᱨᱩᱭ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱛᱷᱟᱭᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱡᱤᱥᱴᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱠᱚ ᱮᱢᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱤᱭᱟᱱᱢᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱷᱟᱭᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱭ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ "ᱜᱳ" ᱥᱮ "ᱮᱠᱟᱣ" ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱚᱯᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱞᱟᱣᱚᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱭ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ "ᱠᱷᱳ" ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱦᱟ ᱨᱮ "ᱠᱷᱟ" ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱜᱟᱣᱟ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ (ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱠᱟᱭᱛᱮ ᱢᱚᱱᱼᱠᱷᱚᱢᱮᱨ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ) ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ == ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ == [[ᱨᱮᱫ:Akha_women.jpg|thumb|ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ, ᱑᱙᱐᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱥᱮᱫ]] ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ "ᱟᱵᱷᱠᱟᱵᱽᱫᱟᱣ" ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ ᱫᱚ "ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ" ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱱᱳᱼᱛᱤᱵᱵᱚᱛᱤ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱳᱞᱳ/ᱭᱤ ᱪᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱳᱱᱟᱞ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ 'ᱡᱤᱣ ᱜᱚ' ᱪᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱪᱤᱱ]], ᱛᱷᱟᱭᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱭᱟᱱᱢᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲᱟ ᱾<ref name="Kammerer" /> ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱱ ᱚᱞ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜᱼᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱤᱥᱟᱹᱭ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱤᱪᱷᱩ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="Hilltribe" /> == ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ == [[ᱨᱮᱫ:ผาฮี้_Pha_Hee_Akha_Village,_Chiangrai_02.jpg|thumb|ᱛᱷᱟᱭᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱪᱤᱭᱟᱝ ᱨᱟᱭ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ 'ᱯᱷᱟ ᱦᱤ' ]] ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱜᱮ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ, ᱟᱥᱚᱠᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱸᱡᱤᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱵᱚᱞᱚ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ, ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱨᱤᱪᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱩᱥᱠᱤᱞ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟᱱ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ, ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱱ ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱹᱬᱼᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱥᱮ ᱩᱥᱩᱞᱼᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱮᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜᱼᱟ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱢᱟᱱᱚᱛᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱠᱟᱭᱛᱮ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱭᱫᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱢᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱾<ref name="Akha">{{cite web|title=An Overview of the Akha|url=http://www.akha.org/content/aboutakhalife/akhaoverview.html|access-date=29 April 2012}}</ref> ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱨᱤᱪᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱴ, ᱢᱟᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱣᱲᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱᱟ: "ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ", ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱟᱨ "ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ", ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱷᱩᱱᱴᱤ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱷᱤᱨ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱟᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱞᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱠᱟᱴ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱩᱣᱟᱹᱨ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱠᱷᱳᱫᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ "ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱫᱩᱣᱟᱹᱨ" ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱩᱣᱟᱹᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ (ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱣᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ) ᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ (ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱡᱟᱱᱣᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ) ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱩᱣᱟᱹᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱜᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱡᱷᱩᱞᱟᱹ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱯᱲᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱡᱷᱩᱞᱟᱹ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱳᱲᱳ ᱪᱟᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱾<gallery> ᱨᱮᱫ:Akha_People_Ghost_Gate_in_Pha_Hi_ประตูผี_ชาวอาข่า_ผาฮี้_01.jpg|ᱛᱷᱟᱭᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ "ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱫᱩᱣᱟᱹᱨ" ᱨᱮᱫ:Akha_Hut.JPG|ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱠᱩᱸᱵᱽᱲᱤ ᱨᱮᱫ:Akha_fishing.JPG|ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱠᱩ ᱜᱚᱡ ᱨᱮᱫ:Akha_hilltribe,_Chiang_Rai_Province_P1110690.JPG|ᱟᱠᱷᱟ, ᱪᱤᱭᱟᱝ ᱨᱟᱭ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱫ:Akha_village.jpg|ᱠᱚᱸᱭᱮ ᱛᱷᱟᱭᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮᱫ:Akha_Funeral1.JPG|ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱟᱸᱰᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ </gallery> === ᱟᱹᱨᱤᱪᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ === [[ᱨᱮᱫ:Akha_man_with_opium_pipe.jpg|thumb|300x300px|ᱟᱯᱷᱤᱢ ᱧᱩᱭᱮᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ (᱑᱙᱗᱙)]] ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱲᱩᱛ ᱟᱹᱥᱩᱞᱚᱜ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱟᱥ ᱵᱟᱥ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱭᱟᱵᱤᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱲᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱟᱥᱟ ᱾ ᱦᱳᱲᱳ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱱᱠᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱪᱟᱥ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱠᱤᱪᱷᱩ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱯᱷᱤᱢ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱟᱥᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱛᱷᱟᱭ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="Goodman-1996">{{cite book|last=Goodman|first=Jim|title=Meet the Akha|year=1996|publisher=White Lotus Co Ltd|isbn=9748496562|pages=113}}</ref> ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱨᱤᱪᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱡᱷᱩᱢ ᱪᱟᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱡᱮᱨᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱪᱟᱥ ᱵᱟᱹᱫᱽ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨᱟ ᱾ ᱛᱷᱟᱭ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱪᱟᱥ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ, ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱩᱠᱨᱤ, ᱥᱤᱢ, ᱜᱮᱰᱮ, ᱢᱮᱨᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱰᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱹᱥᱩᱞ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱩᱢᱟᱹᱞᱟ ᱾ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱾ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱩᱥᱤᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱞᱟᱦᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱜᱼᱥᱟᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟᱭᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱫᱩᱠ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name=Thailine>{{cite web|url=http://www.thailine.com/thailand/english/hill-e/akha-e.htm|title=Akha|work=The Hilltribes of Thailand|publisher=Thailand Online|access-date=3 May 2012|archive-date=14 October 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231014170823/http://www.thailine.com/thailand/english/hill-e/akha-e.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> == ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱹᱛᱭᱟᱹᱣ == [[ᱨᱮᱫ:Woman_with_child_in_Thailand..jpg|thumb|ᱛᱷᱟᱭᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ]] [[ᱨᱮᱫ:Akha_couple.JPG|thumb|ᱥᱩᱠᱨᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱚᱢ ᱚᱪᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱟᱭᱨᱟ ᱰᱟᱹᱨ ᱤᱫᱤᱭᱮᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ]] ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ''ᱡᱟᱵᱷ'' ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱠᱟᱭᱛᱮ ᱡᱤᱣᱤᱣᱟᱫᱽ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱯᱲᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱮᱥᱟ ᱨᱩᱯ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱮ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱹᱦᱤᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱾<ref name="Tooker">{{cite journal|last=Tooker|first=Deborah|title=Identity Systems of Highland Burma: 'Belief', Akha Zan, and a Critique of Interiorized Notions of Ethno-Religious Identity|journal=Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland|year=1992|volume=27|issue=4|pages=799–819}}</ref> ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱙ ᱥᱮ ᱑᱒ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱦᱟᱯᱲᱟᱢ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ, ᱦᱳᱲᱳ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱫᱩᱣᱟᱹᱨ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱯᱟᱨᱟᱵᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱯᱲᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ "ᱛᱷᱩᱢ" ᱠᱚ ᱠᱚᱭᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ, ᱦᱳᱲᱳ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱣᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱰᱷᱮᱨ ᱪᱟᱥ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name="Kammerer" /><ref name="Belief">{{cite web|title=The Akha Belief and Life System|url=http://www.akha.org/content/aboutakhalife/akhabelieflife.html|access-date=4 May 2012}}</ref> ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱛᱭᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱟᱭᱳ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱡᱷᱚᱜᱽᱲᱟ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱱ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱹᱥᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱟᱱᱟᱴ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱹᱜᱩᱭᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱨᱤᱛᱩ (ᱨᱚᱦᱚᱲ) ᱟᱨ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱨᱤᱛᱩ (ᱞᱚᱦᱚᱫ) ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱳᱲᱳ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ "ᱡᱤᱣᱤ" ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱚᱰᱚᱠ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱹᱥᱩ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name="Belief" /> ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱢᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹᱣᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱫᱩᱣᱟᱹᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱷᱩᱞᱟᱹ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱪᱟᱹᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱥᱟᱢᱵᱽᱲᱟᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱢᱟᱨ ᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ [[ᱨᱮᱫ:Akha_Swing_at_Pha_Hee_Village_บ้านผาฮี้_ชิงช้า_ชาวอาข่า.jpg|thumb|ᱛᱷᱟᱭᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱷᱟ ᱦᱤ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱷᱩᱞᱟᱹ]] ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱯᱟᱨᱟᱵᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ "ᱡᱷᱩᱞᱟᱹ ᱯᱟᱨᱟᱵᱽ"᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱜᱚᱥᱴ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱳ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ, ᱦᱳᱲᱳ ᱮᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱑᱒᱐ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱾ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ''ᱭᱮᱦᱠᱩᱡᱟ'' ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ ᱫᱚ "ᱦᱟᱫ ᱦᱳᱲᱳ ᱡᱚᱢ" ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱨᱟᱵᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱯᱲᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱨᱟᱵᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱥᱚᱠᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱮ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱫ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱞᱤᱵᱟᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱚᱦᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱮᱱᱮᱡᱼᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱫᱩᱜᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ "ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ" ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱰᱤᱥᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱳ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱹᱨᱤᱪᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱫᱚ "ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ" ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite news|last=Goodman|first=Jim|url=http://www.chiangmainews.com/ecmn/viewfa.php?id=497|access-date=3 May 2012|newspaper=Chiang Mai City Life|title=The Akha Swing Festival|date=September 2003}}</ref> === ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱜᱼᱵᱟᱱᱫᱮ === [[ᱨᱮᱫ:MuangSing_ThatXiengTung4_tango7174.jpg|thumb|ᱞᱟᱣᱚᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱣᱟᱝ ᱥᱤᱝ ᱨᱮ 'ᱛᱷᱟᱛ ᱥᱤᱭᱮᱝ ᱛᱩᱝ' ᱯᱟᱨᱟᱵᱽ ᱾ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱨᱟᱵᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱛᱟᱝ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱮᱫ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾]] ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱜᱼᱵᱟᱱᱫᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱛᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱩᱛᱟᱹᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱬᱤᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣᱚᱜ ᱛᱮᱧ ᱡᱚᱱᱛᱨᱚ ᱛᱮ ᱞᱩᱜᱽᱨᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱮᱧᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱞᱩᱜᱽᱨᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱤᱞ ᱨᱚᱝ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱚᱦᱚᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱦᱟᱢᱟᱞ ᱞᱮᱜᱤᱝᱥ, ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱠᱷᱟᱴᱚ ᱦᱮᱸᱫᱮ ᱥᱟᱭᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱦᱮᱸᱫᱮ ᱠᱩᱨᱛᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱜᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱩᱛᱟᱹᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱳᱫᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱛᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱱᱚᱠᱥᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱦᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱩᱯᱨᱤ ᱥᱮ ᱜᱚᱦᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱜᱼᱵᱟᱱᱫᱮ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱪᱚᱨᱚᱠ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱯᱞᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱚᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱴᱩᱯᱨᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱜᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱢᱫᱟᱡᱽ ᱑᱒ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱨᱮ, ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱩᱯᱨᱤ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱩᱣᱟᱹᱱ ᱠᱩᱲᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱴᱩᱯᱨᱤ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱜ ᱮ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱴᱩᱯᱨᱤ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱨᱩᱯᱟᱹ ᱥᱤᱠᱠᱟᱹ, ᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱥᱮ ᱥᱤᱢ ᱤᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱞᱟᱜᱟᱣ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱪᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱩᱯᱨᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ:<blockquote>"ᱩᱞᱳ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱴᱩᱯᱨᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱳᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ, ᱨᱩᱯᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱢ ᱤᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱷᱟᱹᱞᱚᱨ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱟᱢᱤ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱨᱩᱯᱟᱹ ᱥᱤᱠᱠᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱩᱯᱟᱹ ᱨᱤᱝ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱴᱩᱯᱨᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱜᱟ ᱾ ᱞᱳᱢᱤ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱨᱩᱯᱟᱹ ᱵᱚᱞ ᱛᱮ ᱜᱷᱮᱨᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱜᱳᱞ ᱴᱩᱯᱨᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱜᱟ ᱾"<ref>{{cite web|url=http://tudtu.tripod.com/hillsty1.htm|title=High Fashion, Hill Style|access-date=3 May 2012|archive-date=29 June 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170629081338/http://tudtu.tripod.com/hillsty1.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref></blockquote><gallery> ᱨᱮᱫ:Akha_woman,_Myanmar.jpg|ᱢᱤᱭᱟᱱᱢᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱮᱫ:Akha_Laos_4-11-06.jpg|ᱞᱟᱣᱚᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱮᱫ:Akha_laos_11_03a.jpg|ᱞᱟᱣᱚᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱮᱫ:Akha_Laos_11_03b.jpg|ᱞᱟᱣᱚᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱮᱫ:Akha_Dress.JPG|ᱛᱷᱟᱭᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱮᱫ:Akha_Woman.jpg|ᱛᱷᱟᱭᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱮᱫ:Akha_Man_in_Thailand.jpg|ᱛᱷᱟᱭᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ </gallery> === ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ === ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱲᱩᱛ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱳᱲᱳ,ᱰᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱟ, ᱥᱩᱠᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱢ ᱟᱹᱥᱩᱞ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱦᱳᱲᱳ, ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ, ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱲᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ, ᱢᱟᱹᱨᱤᱪ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱚᱥᱞᱟ ᱪᱟᱥ ᱵᱟᱥ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱮᱜᱚᱨ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱛᱩᱢᱟᱹᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱤᱞ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱩᱱᱠᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.akha.org/content/aboutakhalife/akhaoverview.html|title=An Overview of the Akha|website=The Akha Heritage Foundation}}</ref><gallery> ᱨᱮᱫ:Akha_cuisine_Nue-phueng_tzue-ze.JPG|''ᱱᱩᱭ ᱯᱷᱩᱭᱮᱝ ᱛᱡᱩᱭᱮᱼᱡᱮ'': ᱪᱟᱣᱞᱮ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱪᱟᱹᱴᱱᱤ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱫᱟᱢ, ᱢᱚᱥᱞᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱚᱦᱚᱲ ᱢᱟᱹᱨᱤᱪ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱨᱮᱫ:Akha_cuisine_Sapi_thong-uh.JPG|''ᱥᱟᱯᱤ ᱛᱷᱚᱝᱼᱩᱭᱮ'': ᱵᱤᱞᱟᱹᱛᱤ, ᱵᱮᱨᱮᱞ ᱢᱟᱹᱨᱤᱪ, ᱨᱟᱹᱥᱩᱬ, ᱯᱮᱭᱟᱡᱽ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱤᱵᱤᱞ ᱪᱟᱹᱴᱱᱤ ᱾ ᱨᱮᱫ:Akha_cuisine_Manoh_lu-uh.JPG|''ᱢᱟᱱᱳ ᱞᱩᱭᱮᱼᱩᱭᱮ'': ᱥᱩᱠᱨᱤ ᱡᱤᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱹᱥᱩᱬ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱵᱷᱟᱹᱡᱤ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱠᱣᱟᱥ ᱾ ᱨᱮᱫ:Akha_cuisine_Hoh-pa_cha-uh.JPG|''ᱦᱳᱼᱯᱟ ᱪᱟᱼᱩᱭᱮ'': ᱠᱟᱭᱼᱞᱟᱱ ᱟᱲᱟᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱩᱠᱨᱤ ᱡᱤᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱩᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱾ ᱨᱮᱫ:Akha_cuisine_Hoh-pa_chae_lu-uh.JPG|''ᱦᱳᱼᱯᱟ ᱪᱮ ᱞᱩᱭᱮᱼᱩᱭᱮ'': ᱛᱮᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱯᱤ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱨᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱲᱟᱜ ᱾ ᱨᱮᱫ:Akha_cuisine_Guchi_chae.JPG|''ᱜᱩᱪᱤ ᱪᱮ'': ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱮᱭᱟᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱦᱮᱫ ᱵᱷᱟᱹᱡᱤ ᱾ ᱨᱮᱫ:Akha_cuisine_Mochue_cha-uh.JPG|''ᱢᱳᱪᱩᱭᱮ ᱪᱟᱼᱞᱩ'': ᱟᱹᱞᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱩᱠᱨᱤ ᱡᱤᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱴᱤᱣ᱾ </gallery> == ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ == [[ᱨᱮᱫ:Maejantai_Chiang_Rai_province_08.JPG|thumb|ᱛᱷᱟᱭᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱚᱦᱚᱲ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱯᱷᱤ ᱯᱮᱠᱤᱝ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ]] ᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱥᱩᱞᱚᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱪᱟᱥ ᱵᱟᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱚᱨᱥᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ, ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱤᱡ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱟᱞᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ, ᱥᱩᱛᱟᱹᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱯᱷᱤᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱱᱠᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱲᱩᱛ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱪᱟᱥ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱮᱛᱟᱨᱟᱜ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱹᱨᱤᱪ, ᱥᱚᱭᱟᱵᱤᱱ, ᱯᱚᱴᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱵᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱞᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱟᱥ ᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱤᱪᱷᱩ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱫᱚᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱜᱽᱨᱮᱴ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱷᱟᱹᱥᱩᱧ ᱥᱩᱱᱩᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱹᱠᱷᱨᱤᱧᱟ ᱾<ref name="Kammerer" /> == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{Reflist}} c0q52s4dqmfh5l7mm1qf5to118qo1yi 4 36295 194389 194264 2026-07-13T04:43:12Z MT731 2184 194389 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="display: flex; flex-direction:row; flex-wrap: wrap; text-align:center; margin-bottom:1em; margin-top:1em; width:100%;"> <div style="flex: 1 1 auto; margin: 2px; padding: 10px; background-color: #5B9BD5; border-radius: 5px; min-width: 150px;">[[ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ:ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱒᱕ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ|<span style="color:#FFFFFF">'''ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ'''</span>]]</div> <div style="flex: 1 1 auto; margin: 2px; padding: 10px; background-color: #5B9BD5; border-radius: 5px; min-width: 150px;">[[ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ:ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱒᱕ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ/ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ|<span style="color:#FFFFFF">'''ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱢᱮ'''</span>]]</div> <div style="flex: 1 1 auto; margin: 2px; padding: 10px; background-color: #5B9BD5; border-radius: 5px; min-width: 150px;">[[ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ:ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱒᱕ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ/ᱱᱤᱭᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ|<span style="color:#FFFFFF">'''ᱱᱤᱭᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ'''</span>]]</div> <div style="flex: 1 1 auto; margin: 2px; padding: 10px; background-color: #C0E6FF; border-radius: 5px; min-width: 150px;">[[ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ:ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱒᱕ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ/ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱠᱟᱹ|<span style="color:#003366">'''ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱠᱟᱹ'''</span>]]</div> <div style="flex: 1 1 auto; margin: 2px; padding: 10px; background-color: #5B9BD5; border-radius: 5px; min-width: 150px;">[[ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ:ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱒᱕ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ/ᱚᱨᱡᱚ|<span style="color:#FFFFFF">'''ᱚᱨᱡᱚ'''</span>]]</div> </div> <div style="padding:2em; background:#C0E6FF; border-radius:8px;"> '''ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱠᱟᱹ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱨᱚᱝ ᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱛᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱤᱱ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱛ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱚᱞ ᱢᱮ᱾''' ᱵᱟᱝᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱟᱢ ᱠᱩᱥᱤ ᱡᱟᱦᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱥᱟᱛᱟᱢ ᱟᱛᱮ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱮᱢ ᱚᱞ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ == ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ == === ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ === {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! ᱮᱞ !! ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ |- | 1 || [[ᱢᱟᱺᱡᱷᱤ ᱨᱟᱢᱫᱟᱥ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ|ᱨᱟᱢᱫᱟᱥ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 2 || [[ᱨᱟᱭᱟ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 3 || [[ᱨᱩᱵᱮᱱ ᱨᱩᱥᱮᱱ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ]] |- | 4 || [[ᱥᱴᱮᱯᱷᱟᱱ ᱮᱪ. ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 5 || [[ᱥᱚᱞᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 6 || [[ᱡᱟᱠᱚᱵᱽ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 7 || [[ᱞᱩᱫᱟᱹᱭ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 8 || [[ᱱᱩᱠᱟ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱱᱰᱤ]] |- | 9 || [[ᱵᱟᱵᱩᱨᱟᱢ ᱵᱮᱧᱡᱟᱢᱤᱱ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ|ᱵᱟᱹᱵᱩᱨᱟᱢ ᱵᱮᱧᱡᱟᱢᱤᱱ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 10 || [[ᱪᱟᱹᱨᱩ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱥᱤᱝ ᱥᱤᱫᱩᱯ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 11 || [[ᱡᱳᱥᱮᱯᱷ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 12 || [[ᱵᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱲ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ|ᱵᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱲ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 13 || [[ᱠᱟᱹᱞᱩ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱱᱰᱤ]] |- | 14 || [[ᱰᱮᱰᱮᱢ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 15 || [[ᱦᱤᱠᱤᱢ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 16 || [[ᱯᱟᱣᱩᱞ ᱡᱩᱡᱷᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ|ᱯᱟᱹᱣᱩᱞ ᱡᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱨ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 17 || [[ᱪᱚᱭᱛᱚᱱᱭᱚ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ|ᱪᱚᱭᱛᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 18 || [[ᱨᱟᱢᱪᱟᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ|ᱨᱟᱢᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 19 || [[ᱠᱮ. ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ]] |- | 20 || [[ᱨᱟᱢᱪᱟᱸᱫᱽ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 21 || [[ᱢᱚᱝᱜᱚᱞ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 22 || [[ᱥᱟᱣᱱᱟ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 23 || [[ᱯᱚᱸᱰᱮᱛ ᱨᱟᱹᱜᱷᱩᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ|ᱨᱟᱹᱜᱷᱩᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 24 || [[ᱱᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 25 || [[ᱥᱭᱟᱢ ᱥᱩᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 26 || [[ᱯᱷᱚᱱᱤᱱᱫᱽᱨᱚᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟ]] |- | 27 || [[ᱜᱳᱯᱟᱞ ᱜᱟᱢᱟᱞᱤᱭᱟ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 28 || [[ᱥᱴᱤᱯᱷᱟᱱ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 29 || [[ᱨᱳᱵᱮᱱ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 30 || [[ᱪᱟᱹᱢᱯᱟᱹᱭ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 31 || [[ᱥᱣᱮᱛ ᱪᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 32 || [[ᱥᱚᱦᱫᱮᱵᱽ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱱᱰᱤ]] |- | 33 || [[ᱜᱳᱨᱟᱪᱟᱸᱫᱽ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 34 || [[ᱱᱟᱨᱟᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 35 || [[ᱥᱴᱤᱯᱷᱟᱱ ᱦᱤᱠᱤᱢ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 36 || [[ᱪᱷᱚᱴᱨᱟᱭ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ|ᱪᱷᱚᱴᱨᱟᱭ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 37 || [[ᱪᱩᱱᱠᱩᱨᱟᱢ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 38 || [[ᱵᱟᱰᱷᱟ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ]] |- | 39 || [[ᱡᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱪᱚᱬᱮ]] |- | 40 || [[ᱯᱚᱧᱪᱟᱱᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱰᱤ]] |- | 41 || [[ᱫᱚᱥᱚᱨᱚᱛᱷ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ|ᱫᱚᱥᱚᱨᱚᱛᱷ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 42 || [[ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱷᱟᱹᱭ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 43 || [[ᱥᱭᱟᱢ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 44 || [[ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱞᱟᱹ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 45 || [[ᱫᱤᱞᱤᱯ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 46 || [[ᱟᱫᱤᱛᱭᱚ ᱢᱤᱛᱨᱚ (ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱞᱤ)]] |- | 47 || [[ᱠᱮᱵᱚᱞᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 48 || [[ᱱᱟᱛᱷᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 49 || [[ᱢᱟᱱᱤᱠ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟ|ᱢᱟᱱᱤᱠ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟ 'ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱰᱟᱨ']] |- | 50 || [[ᱴᱤ ᱠᱮ ᱨᱟᱯᱟᱡᱽ|ᱛᱷᱤᱭᱳᱰᱚᱨ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ]] |- | 51 || [[ᱞᱚᱥᱚ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 52 || [[ᱵᱷᱟᱜᱽᱣᱟᱛ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ|ᱵᱷᱚᱜᱚᱵᱚᱛ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ 'ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱠᱩᱨ']] |- | 53 || [[ᱠᱩᱥᱛᱩᱨᱤ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 54 || [[ᱥᱟᱨᱚᱫᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱟᱫᱽ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ]] |- | 55 || [[ᱪᱤᱛᱩ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 56 || [[ᱰᱳᱢᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟ]] |- | 57 || [[ᱫᱷᱤᱨᱮᱱᱫᱨᱚᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱮ]] |- | 58 || [[ᱟᱱᱚᱱᱫᱚ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱟᱫᱽ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ|ᱟᱱᱚᱱᱫᱽ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱟᱫᱽ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ]] |- | 59 || [[ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱠᱩᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱟᱫᱽ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 60 || [[ᱨᱩᱯᱱᱟᱨᱟᱭᱚᱱ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ|ᱨᱩᱯᱱᱟᱨᱟᱭᱚᱱ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ 'ᱥᱭᱟᱢ']] |- | 61 || [[ᱡᱳᱛᱤᱞᱟᱞ ᱢᱟᱱᱰᱤ]] |- | 62 || [[ᱪᱚᱭᱛᱚᱱᱭᱚ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ|ᱪᱚᱭᱛᱚᱱᱭᱚ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱱᱰᱤ 'ᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ']] |- | 63 || [[ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱢᱚᱦᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 64 || [[ᱱᱩᱱᱩᱞᱟᱞ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 65 || [[ᱱᱤᱛᱭᱟᱱᱚᱱᱫᱚ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 66 || [[ᱠᱩᱥᱟᱹᱞ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱮ]] |- | 67 || [[ᱵᱤᱯᱤᱱ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 68 || [[ᱞᱩᱥᱟᱹᱨᱟᱢ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 69 || [[ᱵᱷᱚᱜᱟᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 70 || [[ᱡᱚᱞᱮᱥᱣᱚᱨ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ|ᱡᱚᱞᱮᱥᱣᱚᱨ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ 'ᱡᱚᱥ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱞ']] |- | 71 || [[ᱵᱟᱞᱠᱤᱥᱚᱨ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱤ|ᱵᱟᱞᱠᱤᱥᱚᱨ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱤ 'ᱟᱨᱢᱟᱱ']] |- | 72 || [[ᱜᱤᱨᱤᱡᱚᱞ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 73 || [[ᱨᱟᱢᱫᱩᱞᱟᱞ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 74 || [[ᱱᱟᱛᱷᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 75 || [[ᱥᱟᱞᱦᱟᱭ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 76 || [[ᱨᱟᱹᱜᱷᱩᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ|ᱨᱟᱹᱜᱷᱩᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ 'ᱮᱵᱷᱮᱱ ᱪᱮᱬᱮ']] |- | 77 || [[ᱫᱤᱜᱟᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ|ᱫᱤᱜᱚᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 78 || [[ᱵᱟᱹᱵᱩᱞᱟᱞ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ|ᱵᱟᱹᱵᱩᱞᱟᱞ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ 'ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ']] |- | 79 || [[ᱠᱷᱮᱞᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ]] |- | 80 || [[ᱥᱳᱵᱷᱟᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ]] |- | 81 || [[ᱠᱟᱹᱞᱤᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 82 || [[ᱥᱩᱨᱭᱟᱱᱚᱱᱫᱽ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 83 || [[ᱵᱤᱨᱟᱢ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟ]] |- | 84 || [[ᱜᱩᱦᱤᱨᱟᱢ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 85 || [[ᱡᱟᱜᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 86 || [[ᱨᱩᱯᱪᱟᱸᱫᱽ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 87 || [[ᱥᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 88 || [[ᱵᱷᱟᱹᱭᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟ|ᱵᱷᱟᱹᱭᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟ 'ᱪᱟᱥᱟ']] |- | 89 || [[ᱢᱮᱜᱷᱱᱟᱫ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ|ᱢᱮᱜᱷᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 90 || [[ᱥᱚᱫᱟᱜᱚᱨ ᱥᱤᱢᱚᱱᱛᱚ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱱᱰᱤ]] |- | 91 || [[ᱡᱚᱜᱚᱱᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 92 || [[ᱵᱟᱫᱚᱞ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ]] |- | 93 || [[ᱯᱷᱚᱴᱤᱠᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 94 || [[ᱵᱚᱭᱫᱭᱚᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱢᱟᱨᱰᱤ]] |- | 95 || [[ᱤᱡᱤᱠᱮᱞ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 96 || [[ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭᱞᱟᱞ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 97 || [[ᱪᱩᱱᱰᱟᱹ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 98 || [[ᱜᱳᱢᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱟᱫᱽ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 99 || [[ᱡᱚᱜᱮᱱᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 100 || [[ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱮᱱᱫᱩ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 101 || [[ᱛᱮᱡᱽᱱᱟᱨᱟᱭᱚᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 102 || [[ᱟᱢᱨᱤᱛ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟ|ᱟᱢᱨᱤᱛ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟ 'ᱫᱟᱵᱟᱱᱚᱞ']] |- | 103 || [[ᱦᱚᱨᱚ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱟᱫᱽ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 104 || [[ᱠᱚᱨᱱᱮᱞᱤᱭᱟᱥ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 105 || [[ᱜᱩᱨᱩᱪᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 106 || [[ᱞᱚᱠᱷᱤᱱᱟᱨᱟᱭᱚᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ|ᱞᱚᱠᱷᱤᱱᱟᱨᱟᱭᱚᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ 'ᱯᱟᱱᱤᱨᱯᱤᱭᱳ']] |- | 107 || [[ᱥᱚᱭᱞᱚᱡᱟᱱᱚᱱᱫᱚ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 108 || [[ᱚᱱᱟᱫᱤ ᱪᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 109 || [[ᱵᱷᱳᱡᱽᱨᱟᱭ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 110 || [[ᱨᱚᱵᱤᱞᱳᱪᱚᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 111 || [[ᱯᱟᱨᱟᱣ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 112 || [[ᱱᱚᱥᱠᱚᱨᱤ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 113 || [[ᱡᱭᱳᱛᱤᱞᱟᱞ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 114 || [[ᱨᱚᱵᱤᱞᱟᱞ ᱢᱟᱱᱰᱤ]] |- | 115 || [[ᱩᱫᱚᱭᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱢᱟᱹᱡᱷᱤ]] |- | 116 || [[ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 117 || [[ᱢᱟᱹᱡᱷᱤᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ|ᱢᱟᱹᱡᱷᱤᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ 'ᱞᱟᱣᱲᱤᱭᱟ']] |- | 118 || [[ᱥᱚᱨᱵᱮᱥᱣᱚᱨ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 119 || [[ᱥᱭᱟᱢ ᱪᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱱᱰᱤ]] |- | 120 || [[ᱥᱤᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ|ᱥᱤᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ 'ᱥᱤᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ']] |- | 121 || [[ᱥᱴᱮᱱᱥᱤᱞᱟ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 122 || [[ᱤᱱᱫᱽᱨᱚᱱᱟᱨᱟᱭᱚᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 123 || [[ᱤᱥᱣᱚᱨ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 124 || [[ᱢᱚᱫᱚᱱ ᱢᱳᱦᱚᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ|ᱢᱚᱫᱚᱱ ᱢᱳᱦᱚᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ 'ᱞᱟᱝᱛᱤᱛᱤ']] |- | 125 || [[ᱠᱩᱥᱟᱹᱞ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 126 || [[ᱢᱚᱱᱰᱚᱞ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 127 || [[ᱱᱚᱱᱫᱽᱠᱤᱥᱚᱨ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ]] |- | 128 || [[ᱦᱚᱨᱢᱚᱱ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ|ᱦᱚᱨᱢᱚᱱ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ 'ᱢᱟᱥᱛᱟᱱᱟ']] |- | 129 || [[ᱱᱚᱵᱤᱱ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ]] |- | 130 || [[ᱥᱩᱵᱚᱞ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 131 || [[ᱨᱟᱢᱠᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ|ᱨᱟᱢᱠᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ 'ᱥᱮᱫᱟᱭᱥᱤᱨᱤᱡᱚᱞ']] |- | 132 || [[ᱨᱚᱵᱤᱞᱟᱞ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 133 || [[ᱨᱟᱢᱫᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 134 || [[ᱫᱩᱨᱵᱤᱱ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 135 || [[ᱵᱤᱱᱳᱫᱽ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 136 || [[ᱡᱟᱢᱟᱫᱟᱨ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ]] |- | 137 || [[ᱡᱚᱫᱩᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 138 || [[ᱵᱤᱢᱚᱞ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 139 || [[ᱵᱷᱟᱫᱳ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 140 || [[ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱫᱮᱵᱽ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟ]] |- | 141 || [[ᱡᱚᱜᱚᱱᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ|ᱡᱚᱜᱚᱱᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ 'ᱠᱟᱡᱽᱞᱤ']] |- | 142 || [[ᱵᱟᱥᱩᱫᱮᱵᱽ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ]] |- | 143 || [[ᱨᱟᱵᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱮ]] |- | 144 || [[ᱵᱚᱲᱚᱨᱟᱢ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ|ᱵᱚᱞᱚᱨᱟᱢ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 145 || [[ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱚ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 146 || [[ᱚᱨᱡᱩᱱ ᱪᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 147 || [[ᱥᱩᱠᱪᱟᱸᱫᱽ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱮ]] |- | 148 || [[ᱩᱯᱮᱱ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ]] |- | 149 || [[ᱥᱟᱞᱠᱷᱩ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 150 || [[ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱱ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 151 || [[ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱱᱫᱽᱨᱚᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱢᱟᱱᱰᱤ]] |- | 152 || [[ᱨᱚᱢᱮᱥ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ]] |- | 153 || [[ᱱᱚᱨᱮᱱ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ]] |- | 154 || [[ᱜᱚᱣᱩᱨᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 155 || [[ᱞᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱱᱰᱤ]] |- | 156 || [[ᱫᱩᱨᱜᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱟᱫᱽ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 157 || [[ᱨᱚᱵᱤᱱᱫᱽᱨᱚᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 158 || [[ᱥᱩᱫᱷᱤᱨ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 159 || [[ᱠᱤᱥᱚᱨᱤ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 160 || [[ᱵᱤᱨᱵᱚᱞ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 161 || [[ᱥᱟᱞᱠᱷᱩ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 162 || [[ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱢᱚᱞ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ|ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱢᱚᱞ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ (ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ)]] |- | 163 || [[ᱥᱚᱱᱟ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 164 || [[ᱠᱟᱞᱤᱯᱚᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ|ᱠᱟᱞᱤᱯᱚᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ (ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱞ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ)]] |- | 165 || [[ᱞᱚᱠᱠᱷᱤ ᱱᱟᱨᱟᱭᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱮ|ᱞᱚᱠᱷᱢᱤᱱᱟᱨᱟᱭᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱮ 'ᱞᱚᱵᱽ']] |- | 166 || [[ᱵᱟᱫᱚᱞ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 167 || [[ᱫᱩᱜᱟᱭ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 168 || [[ᱥᱚᱦᱫᱮᱵᱽ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ]] |- | 169 || [[ᱵᱚᱭᱫᱭᱚᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ|ᱵᱚᱭᱫᱭᱚᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ 'ᱠᱟᱥᱟᱭ ᱠᱩᱣᱟᱹᱨᱤ']] |- | 170 || [[ᱚᱵᱤᱱᱟᱥ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 171 || [[ᱨᱚᱛᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 172 || [[ᱦᱚᱨᱤᱦᱚᱨ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟ]] |- | 173 || [[ᱥᱟᱨᱚᱫᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱟᱫᱽ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ (ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱞ ᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤᱭᱟᱹ)|ᱥᱟᱨᱚᱫᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱟᱫᱽ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ 'ᱠᱷᱮᱵᱟ']] |- | 174 || [[ᱥᱩᱥᱤᱞ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ|ᱥᱩᱥᱤᱞ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ 'ᱥᱮᱵᱮᱞ ᱥᱟᱨᱡᱚᱢ']] |- | 175 || [[ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱩ ᱢᱟᱹᱡᱷᱤ|ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱩ ᱢᱟᱹᱡᱷᱤ 'ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ']] |- | 176 || [[ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱤᱢᱚᱭ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 177 || [[ᱥᱳᱢᱟᱭ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ]] |- | 178 || [[ᱥᱤᱝᱨᱟᱭ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ]] |- | 179 || [[ᱥᱚᱱᱟᱛᱚᱱ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 180 || [[ᱵᱟᱫᱚᱞ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 181 || [[ᱥᱭᱟᱢ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ|ᱥᱭᱟᱢ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ ᱡᱤᱣᱤ 'ᱨᱟᱲᱮᱡ']] |- | 182 || [[ᱥᱭᱟᱢ ᱪᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 183 || [[ᱱᱚᱨᱮᱱᱫᱽᱨᱚᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 184 || [[ᱥᱚᱢᱵᱷᱩᱪᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 185 || [[ᱨᱩᱯᱪᱟᱸᱫᱽ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 186 || [[ᱢᱟᱱᱥᱤᱝ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 187 || [[ᱪᱩᱱᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 188 || [[ᱠᱤᱥᱩᱱ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 189 || [[ᱚᱱᱤᱞ ᱴᱤᱢᱳᱛᱷᱤ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 190 || [[ᱡᱚᱫᱩᱢᱚᱬᱤ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ|ᱡᱚᱫᱩᱢᱚᱱᱤ ᱢᱮᱥᱨᱟ]] |- | 191 || [[ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱷᱟᱹᱭ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱮ]] |- | 192 || [[ᱨᱟᱢᱫᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ|ᱨᱟᱢᱫᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ 'ᱡᱩᱦᱩᱢ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ']] |- | 193 || [[ᱡᱚᱥᱳᱫᱟ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 194 || [[ᱱᱤᱥᱤᱛᱷ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 195 || [[ᱵᱚᱭᱫᱭᱚᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 196 || [[ᱯᱤ.ᱥᱤ. ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ]] |- | 197 || [[ᱵᱤᱡᱚᱭ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 198 || [[ᱥᱩᱱᱤᱞ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ|ᱥᱩᱱᱤᱞ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ 'ᱫᱤᱞᱠᱷᱩᱥ']] |- | 199 || [[ᱥᱩᱱᱤᱞ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ (ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ)|ᱥᱩᱱᱤᱞ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 200 || [[ᱪᱚᱱᱰᱤ ᱪᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ|ᱪᱚᱱᱰᱤᱪᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ 'ᱞᱮᱴᱮᱥᱤᱝ']] |- | 201 || [[ᱯᱚᱨᱚᱢᱮᱥᱣᱚᱨ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 202 || [[ᱡᱳᱵᱟ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 203 || [[ᱨᱟᱢᱥᱩᱱᱫᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱮ]] |- | 204 || [[ᱯᱚᱫᱽᱭᱚᱞᱳᱪᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱮ]] |- | 205 || [[ᱞᱚᱠᱷᱢᱤᱱᱟᱨᱟᱭᱚᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 206 || [[ᱜᱚᱣᱩᱨᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ|ᱜᱚᱣᱩᱨᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ 'ᱱᱮᱥᱚᱱᱟᱞ']] |- | 207 || [[ᱥᱤᱵᱩ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ (ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ)|ᱥᱤᱵᱩ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 208 || [[ᱫᱣᱤᱡᱽᱯᱚᱫᱚ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟ]] |- | 209 || [[ᱫᱷᱚᱱᱮᱥᱣᱚᱨ ᱢᱟᱺᱡᱷᱤ]] |- | 210 || [[ᱵᱟᱹᱵᱩᱞᱟᱞ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 211 || [[ᱡᱚᱥᱳᱫᱟ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 212 || [[ᱥᱭᱟᱢ ᱥᱤᱹ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 213 || [[ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 214 || [[ᱥᱩᱨᱡᱚ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 215 || [[ᱥᱚᱱᱚᱛᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱮ]] |- | 216 || [[ᱯᱨᱳᱢᱤᱞᱟ ᱨᱩᱛᱷ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ|ᱯᱨᱳᱢᱤᱞᱟ ᱨᱩᱛᱷ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ 'ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱴᱤᱪᱟᱨ']] |- | 217 || [[ᱢᱚᱱᱥᱟ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 218 || [[ᱥᱤᱠᱢᱟᱹᱞ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 219 || [[ᱵᱮᱱᱤᱯᱷᱨᱮᱰ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 220 || [[ᱢᱤᱞᱚᱱ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 221 || [[ᱵᱷᱤᱢᱥᱮᱱ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 222 || [[ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱚ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 223 || [[ᱥᱩᱵᱷᱟᱥ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 224 || [[ᱢᱚᱱᱳᱦᱚᱨ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 225 || [[ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱢᱚᱣᱞᱮᱥᱣᱚᱨ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱱᱰᱤ]] |- | 226 || [[ᱠᱷᱚᱜᱮᱱᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 227 || [[ᱫᱚᱞᱯᱚᱛᱤ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 228 || [[ᱥᱚᱪᱤᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱰᱤ|ᱥᱚᱪᱤᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱰᱤ'ᱱᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ']] |- | 229 || [[ᱠᱟᱞᱤ ᱪᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 230 || [[ᱵᱷᱚᱜᱚᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 231 || [[ᱫᱚᱥᱚᱨᱚᱛᱷ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 232 || [[ᱥᱚᱦᱫᱮᱵᱽ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ]] |- | 233 || [[ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱱᱤ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 234 || [[ᱨᱟᱢᱮᱥᱣᱚᱨ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 235 || [[ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱫᱮᱵᱽ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 236 || [[ᱡᱚᱭᱨᱟᱢ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 237 || [[ᱵᱤᱢᱚᱞ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱮ]] |- | 238 || [[ᱨᱟᱢᱮᱥᱥᱚᱨ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ|ᱨᱟᱢᱮᱥᱥᱚᱨ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 239 || [[ᱵᱩᱫᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 240 || [[ᱦᱚᱨᱤᱯᱚᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 241 || [[ᱱᱤᱥᱤᱛᱷ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 242 || [[ᱵᱷᱚᱞᱟᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ]] |- | 243 || [[ᱨᱚᱱᱡᱚᱱ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 244 || [[ᱨᱟᱭᱥᱮᱱ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱮ]] |- | 245 || [[ᱥᱚᱢᱵᱷᱩ ᱢᱟᱹᱡᱷᱤ]] |- | 246 || [[ᱵᱤᱥᱱᱩᱯᱚᱫᱚ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ]] |- | 247 || [[ᱪᱚᱱᱰᱤ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 248 || [[ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱱᱚᱱᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 249 || [[ᱵᱤᱱᱳᱫᱽ ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨᱤ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 250 || [[ᱨᱟᱹᱜᱷᱩᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 251 || [[ᱱᱤᱠᱳᱫᱤᱢᱟᱥ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 252 || [[ᱵᱤᱥᱣᱚᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 253 || [[ᱫᱤᱠᱩ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 254 || [[ᱵᱤᱢᱚᱞ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 255 || [[ᱞᱚᱠᱠᱷᱤᱠᱟᱱᱛᱚ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 256 || [[ᱥᱤᱨᱚᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 257 || [[ᱵᱩᱫᱷᱨᱟᱢ ᱢᱟᱨᱰᱤ]] |- | 258 || [[ᱫᱩᱞᱤ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 259 || [[ᱮ. ᱠᱮ. ᱢᱟᱱᱰᱤ]] |- | 260 || [[ᱱᱚᱵᱤᱱ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 261 || [[ᱢᱤᱫᱩᱱ ᱢᱟᱱᱰᱤ]] |- | 262 || [[ᱱᱤᱨᱚᱱᱡᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟ]] |- | 263 || [[ᱛᱟᱨᱟᱥᱤᱧ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱮ]] |- | 264 || [[ᱨᱟᱢᱳ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 265 || [[ᱯᱟᱹᱞᱩᱨᱟᱢ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱮ]] |- | 266 || [[ᱵᱷᱟᱜᱽᱵᱚᱛ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ]] |- | 267 || [[ᱵᱟᱵᱽᱞᱩ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 268 || [[ᱨᱟᱢᱮᱥᱣᱚᱨ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 269 || [[ᱥᱩᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱟᱱᱰᱤ|ᱥᱩᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱟᱱᱰᱤ 'ᱵᱟᱡᱤᱵᱟᱡᱽᱠᱟᱨ']] |- | 270 || [[ᱱᱟᱛᱷᱩᱨᱟᱢ ᱢᱟᱱᱰᱤ]] |- | 271 || [[ᱥᱩᱫᱷᱤᱨ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ|ᱥᱩᱫᱷᱤᱨ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ 'ᱥᱩᱴᱩ']] |- | 272 || [[ᱜᱚᱱᱮᱥ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱠᱩᱨ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 273 || [[ᱢᱚᱝᱜᱚᱞ ᱢᱟᱺᱡᱷᱤ]] |- | 274 || [[ᱠᱷᱮᱛᱨᱚᱢᱚᱦᱚᱱ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 275 || [[ᱥᱳᱦᱟᱜᱤᱱᱤ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 276 || [[ᱥᱩᱢᱤᱛᱨᱟ ᱢᱟᱨᱰᱤ]] |- | 277 || [[ᱵᱷᱚᱜᱽᱞᱟ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 278 || [[ᱱᱤᱨᱢᱚᱞ ᱵᱤ. ᱠᱮ. ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 279 || [[ᱥᱟᱣᱱᱟ ᱢᱟᱨᱰᱤ]] |- | 280 || [[ᱜᱩᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 281 || [[ᱜᱩᱨᱩᱪᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱺᱡᱷᱤ]] |- | 282 || [[ᱥᱤᱵᱽᱞᱟᱞ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ|ᱥᱤᱵᱽᱞᱟᱞ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ 'ᱢᱩᱨᱩᱛ ᱵᱟᱦᱟ']] |- | 283 || [[ᱡᱚᱭᱫᱮᱵᱽ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 284 || [[ᱯᱤᱨᱩ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 285 || [[ᱡᱚᱜᱚᱱᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 286 || [[ᱞᱟᱪᱷᱩ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 287 || [[ᱠᱟᱹᱞᱤᱠᱤᱝᱠᱚᱨ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ]] |- | 288 || [[ᱵᱟᱹᱵᱩᱞᱟᱞ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ, ᱢᱮᱫᱽᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ|ᱵᱟᱹᱵᱩᱞᱟᱞ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] - ᱢᱮᱫᱽᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ |- | 289 || [[ᱥᱚᱝᱠᱚᱨ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 290 || [[ᱥᱨᱤᱡᱚᱞ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 291 || [[ᱜᱳᱯᱤᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱱᱰᱤ]] |- | 292 || [[ᱞᱟᱞᱢᱚᱦᱚᱱ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 293 || [[ᱠᱤᱝᱠᱚᱨ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 294 || [[ᱢᱤᱥᱴᱟᱨ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 295 || [[ᱯᱤᱛᱟᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 296 || [[ᱡᱚᱭᱨᱟᱢ ᱢᱟᱺᱡᱷᱤ]] |- | 297 || [[ᱡᱤᱥᱩᱨᱟᱢ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 298 || [[ᱨᱟᱢᱡᱤᱛ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 299 || [[ᱨᱟᱢᱠᱤᱝᱠᱚᱨ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 300 || [[ᱨᱟᱢᱩ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 301 || [[ᱨᱩᱯᱟᱹᱭ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 302 || [[ᱱᱚᱜᱮᱱᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 303 || [[ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱠᱩᱨ ᱨᱟᱢ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |} === ᱵᱤᱫᱮᱥᱤ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ === {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! ᱮᱞ !! ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ |- | 1 || [[ᱡᱮᱨᱮᱢᱤᱭᱟ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱤᱯᱥ]] |- | 2 || [[ᱩᱴᱤᱥ ᱵᱮᱪᱞᱟᱨ]] |- | 3 || [[ᱤᱰᱣᱟᱨᱰ ᱥᱤ. ᱡᱚᱱᱥᱚᱱ]] |- | 4 || [[ᱤ. ᱮᱞ. ᱯᱟᱠᱥᱚᱞᱮ]] |- | 5 || [[ᱮᱯᱷ. ᱴᱤ. ᱠᱳᱞ]] |- | 6 || [[ᱤ. ᱡᱤ. ᱢᱮᱱ]] |- | 7 || [[ᱥᱤ. ᱟᱨ. ᱞᱮᱯᱥᱟᱥ]] |- | 8 || [[ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱨᱤᱪ ᱢᱮᱠᱥᱢᱩᱞᱟᱨ]] |- | 9 || [[ᱰᱚᱵᱽᱞᱩ ᱴᱤ. ᱥᱴᱳᱥ]] |- | 10 || [[ᱞᱟᱨᱚᱥ ᱳᱞᱥᱮᱱ ᱥᱠᱨᱮᱯᱥᱨᱩᱰ]] |- | 11 || [[ᱦᱟᱱᱥ ᱯᱮᱴᱮᱨ ᱵᱳᱨᱨᱮᱥᱮᱱ|ᱮᱪ. ᱯᱤ. ᱵᱳᱨᱮᱥᱚᱱ]] |- | 12 || [[ᱡᱚᱨᱡᱽ ᱟᱵᱽᱨᱟᱦᱟᱢ ᱜᱨᱤᱭᱚᱨᱥᱚᱱ]] |- | 13 || [[ᱦᱚᱨᱤᱝᱴᱚᱱ ᱢᱩᱥᱴᱚᱱ]] |- | 14 || [[ᱯᱟᱣᱩᱞ ᱳᱞᱟᱯᱷ ᱵᱚᱰᱤᱝ]] |- | 15 || [[ᱮ. ᱜᱨᱟᱦᱚᱢ]] |- | 16 || [[ᱳᱱᱰᱨᱮ ᱠᱮᱢᱯᱵᱮᱞ]] |- | 17 || [[ᱨᱟᱥᱢᱩᱥᱮᱱ ᱨᱳᱡᱮᱱᱞᱩᱱᱰ]] |- | 18 || [[ᱟᱨ. ᱮᱢ. ᱢᱮᱠᱯᱷᱟᱭᱮᱞ]] |- | 19 || [[ᱥᱤ. ᱮᱪ. ᱵᱳᱢᱯᱟᱥ]] |- | 20 || [[ᱨᱳᱵᱟᱨᱴ ᱠᱚᱨᱥᱴᱤᱭᱟᱨᱥ]] |- | 21 || [[ᱰᱚᱵᱽᱞᱩ. ᱡᱤ. ᱟᱨᱪᱟᱨ]] |- | 22 || [[ᱡᱚᱱᱵᱟᱯᱴᱤᱥᱴ ᱯᱟᱱᱤᱯᱤᱱᱴᱳ]] |- | 23 || [[ᱳᱞᱟᱵᱷ ᱦᱳᱰᱱᱮ]] |- | 24 || [[ᱯᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱵᱤ. ᱟᱱᱰᱮᱨᱥᱚᱱ]] |- | 25 || [[ᱣᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱢ ᱠᱮᱨᱤ]] |} === ᱫᱤᱠᱩ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ === {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! ᱮᱞ !! ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ |- | 1 || [[ᱮᱥ. ᱥᱤ. ᱢᱚᱡᱩᱢᱫᱟᱨ]] |- | 2 || [[ᱮᱥ. ᱥᱤ. ᱢᱤᱛᱨᱚ]] |- | 3 || [[ᱥᱩᱱᱤᱛᱟ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱱᱜᱩᱯᱛᱟ]] |- | 4 || [[ᱰᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱩ|ᱰᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱩ 'ᱥᱟᱹᱢᱤᱨ']] |- | 5 || [[ᱫᱷᱤᱨᱮᱱᱫᱽᱨᱚᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱥᱟᱦᱟ]] |- | 6 || [[ᱥᱚᱠᱛᱤᱥ ᱢᱩᱠᱷᱭᱚᱯᱟᱫᱷᱭᱟᱭ]] |- | 7 || [[ᱦᱨᱤᱫᱚᱭ ᱱᱟᱨᱟᱭᱚᱱ ᱢᱚᱱᱰᱚᱞ|ᱦᱨᱤᱫᱚᱭ ᱱᱟᱨᱟᱭᱚᱱ ᱢᱚᱱᱰᱚᱞ 'ᱚᱫᱷᱤᱨ']] |- | 8 || [[ᱪᱤᱛᱚᱨᱚᱱᱡᱚᱱ ᱞᱟᱦᱟ]] |- | 9 || [[ᱥᱩᱦᱨᱤᱫᱽ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱚᱣᱢᱤᱠ]] |- | 10 || [[ᱥᱩᱫᱷᱤᱨ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱛᱨᱚ]] |- | 11 || [[ᱚᱝᱠᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱟᱫᱽ]] |- | 12 || [[ᱞᱚᱠᱷᱤᱱᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ]] |- | 13 || [[ᱱᱤᱨᱢᱚᱞ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱵᱚᱨᱢᱟ]] |- | 14 || [[ᱥᱣᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱨᱟᱢᱟᱱᱤᱠ]] |- | 15 || [[ᱵᱨᱚᱡᱚᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨᱤ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ]] |- | 16 || [[ᱯᱟᱱᱱᱟᱞᱟᱞ ᱫᱚᱛᱚ]] |- | 17 || [[ᱞᱚᱠᱷᱢᱤᱱᱟᱨᱟᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱦᱩ]] |- | 18 || [[ᱜᱤᱨᱤᱫᱷᱟᱨᱤ ᱨᱟᱢ ᱜᱚᱣᱩᱸᱡᱷᱩ|ᱜᱤᱨᱤᱫᱷᱟᱨᱤ ᱨᱟᱢ ᱜᱚᱣᱩᱸᱡᱷᱩ 'ᱜᱤᱨᱤᱨᱟᱡᱽ']] |} == ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ == {| class="wikitable" |+ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ |- ! ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ !! ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ |- | [[ᱦᱚᱲ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱯᱮᱲᱟ]] || 1890 |- | [[ᱰᱷᱟᱹᱨᱣᱟᱹᱜ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱰᱷᱟᱹᱨᱣᱟᱹᱜ]] || 1890 |- | [[ᱯᱮᱲᱟᱦᱚᱲ|ᱯᱮᱲᱟᱦᱚᱲ]] || 1922 |- | [[ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ]] || 1941 |- | [[ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱛᱟᱵᱚᱱ]] || 1946 |- | [[ᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱚᱢᱵᱟᱫᱽ|ᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱚᱢᱵᱟᱫᱽ]] || 1947 |- | [[ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱱᱟᱹᱲᱤ]] || 1949 |- | [[ᱢᱳᱞᱳᱜ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱢᱳᱞᱳᱜ]] || 1949 |- | [[ᱟᱦᱞᱟ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱟᱦᱞᱟ]] || 1956 |- | [[ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱞ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ]] || 1957 |- | [[ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱛᱟᱵᱚᱱ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱛᱟᱵᱚᱱ]] || 1960 |- | [[ᱦᱟᱹᱨᱭᱟᱹᱲ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ]] || 1963 |- | [[ᱥᱟᱜᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱥᱟᱜᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ]] || 1965 |- | [[ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]] || 1956 |- | [[ᱥᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱰᱞᱮ]] || 1966 |- | [[ᱥᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱥᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ]] || 1969 |- | [[ᱫᱮᱵᱚᱱ ᱛᱤᱸᱜᱩᱱ]] || 1970 |- | [[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱱᱟ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱱᱟ]] || 1970 |- | [[ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ]] || 1971 |- | [[ᱡᱩᱜᱽ ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱡᱚᱞ]] || 1971 |- | [[ᱟᱹᱭᱩᱨᱤᱡ]] || 1971 |- | [[ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱡᱽᱵᱟᱱᱤ]] || 1971 |- | [[ᱮᱵᱷᱮᱱ]] || 1972 |- | [[ᱥᱩᱥᱟᱹᱨ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ]] || 1972 |- | [[ᱦᱟᱸᱥ ᱦᱟᱥᱤᱞ]] || 1974 |- | [[ᱛᱮᱛᱨᱮ]] || 1976 |- | [[ᱵᱤᱨ ᱥᱮᱸᱜᱮᱞ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱵᱤᱨ ᱥᱮᱸᱜᱮᱞ]] || 1976 |- | [[ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱞ ᱡᱟᱨᱯᱟ|ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱞ ᱡᱟᱨᱯᱟ]] || 1977 |- | [[ᱥᱟᱠᱣᱟ]] || 1977 |- | [[ᱞᱟᱝᱛᱤᱛᱤ]] || 1977 |- | [[ᱡᱤᱨᱤᱦᱤᱨᱤ]] || 1978 |- | [[ᱛᱟᱯᱟᱱ ᱫᱟᱜ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱛᱟᱯᱟᱱ ᱫᱟᱜ]] || 1978 |- | [[ᱩᱢᱩᱞ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ), ᱯᱩᱨᱩᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ|ᱩᱢᱩᱞ]] || 1978 |- | [[ᱟᱵᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱠᱩᱨᱩᱢᱩᱴᱩ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱟᱵᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱠᱩᱨᱩᱢᱩᱴᱩ]] || 1979 |- | [[ᱪᱤᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱪᱤᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ]] || 1979 |- | [[ᱴᱩᱣᱟᱹᱨ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱴᱩᱣᱟᱹᱨ]] || 1979 |- | [[ᱦᱤᱦᱤᱲᱤ ᱯᱤᱯᱤᱲᱤ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱦᱤᱦᱤᱲᱤ ᱯᱤᱯᱤᱲᱤ]] || 1979 |- | [[ᱞᱟᱹᱣᱲᱤᱭᱟᱹ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱞᱟᱹᱣᱲᱤᱭᱟᱹ]] || 1980 |- | [[ᱢᱳᱞᱳᱜ ᱤᱯᱤᱞ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱢᱳᱞᱳᱜ ᱤᱯᱤᱞ]] || 1980 |- | [[ᱡᱟᱝ ᱛᱤᱨᱭᱳ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱡᱟᱝ ᱛᱤᱨᱭᱳ]] || 1980 |- | [[ᱜᱚᱰᱮᱛ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱜᱚᱰᱮᱛ]] || 1980 |- | [[ᱯᱚᱸᱰᱜᱚᱰᱟ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱯᱚᱸᱰᱜᱚᱰᱟ]] || 1980 |- | [[ᱥᱩᱯᱩᱛᱩᱜ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱥᱩᱯᱩᱛᱩᱜ]] || 1980 |- | [[ᱥᱤᱸᱜᱟᱹᱲ ᱥᱟᱠᱣᱟ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱥᱤᱸᱜᱟᱹᱲ ᱥᱟᱠᱣᱟ]] || 1980 |- | [[ᱥᱤᱞᱤ]] || 1981 |- | [[ᱟᱨᱛᱟᱜᱚᱢ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱟᱨᱛᱟᱜᱚᱢ]] || 1981 |- | [[ᱨᱟᱹᱭᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫᱤ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱨᱟᱹᱭᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫᱤ]] || 1981 |- | [[ᱯᱤᱭᱳ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱯᱤᱭᱳ]] || 1981 |- | [[ᱡᱩᱜᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱩᱜᱽ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱡᱩᱜᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱩᱜᱽ]] || 1981 |- | [[ᱫᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱫᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ]] || 1981 |- | [[ᱵᱤᱨ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱵᱤᱨ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ]] || 1981 |- | [[ᱯᱚᱴᱚᱢ ᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱯᱚᱴᱚᱢ ᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ]] || 1981 |- | [[ᱢᱤᱫᱩ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱢᱤᱫᱩ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ]] || 1981 |- | [[ᱪᱟᱹᱭ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱟ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱪᱟᱹᱭ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱟ]] || 1981 |- | [[ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱱᱟ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱱᱟ]] || 1982 |- | [[ᱥᱟᱜᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱥᱟᱜᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ]] || 1982 |- | [[ᱡᱩᱜᱽ ᱡᱟᱨᱯᱟ]] || 1982 |- | [[ᱦᱩᱫᱤᱥ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱦᱩᱫᱤᱥ]] || 1982 |- | [[ᱨᱚᱯᱷᱟ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱨᱚᱯᱷᱟ]] || 1982 |- | [[ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱛᱟᱨᱟᱥ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱛᱟᱨᱟᱥ]] || 1982 |- | [[ᱦᱚᱲ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱦᱚᱲ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ]] || 1982 |- | [[ᱠᱩᱦᱩ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱠᱩᱦᱩ]] || 1983 |- | [[ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱞ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱞ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱞ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱞ]] || 1983 |- | [[ᱨᱤᱢᱤᱞ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱨᱤᱢᱤᱞ]] || 1984 |- | [[ᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱡᱽ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱡᱽ]] || 1984 |- | [[ᱜᱤᱨᱩ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱜᱤᱨᱩ]] || 1984 |- | [[ᱦᱟᱸᱥ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱞᱤ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱦᱟᱸᱥ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱞᱤ]] || 1984 |- | [[ᱥᱟᱨᱡᱚᱢ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱞ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱥᱟᱨᱡᱚᱢ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱞ]] || 1985 |- | [[ᱡᱩᱜᱽ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱡᱩᱜᱽ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ]] || 1985 |- | [[ᱨᱟᱭᱵᱟᱨ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱨᱟᱭᱵᱟᱨ]] || 1985 |- | [[ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱞ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱞ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ]] || 1985 |- | [[ᱩᱢᱩᱞ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ), ᱵᱚᱞᱚᱨᱟᱢᱯᱩᱨ|ᱩᱢᱩᱞ]] - ᱰᱳᱢᱟᱱ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟ || 1986 |- | [[ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱡᱽ ᱥᱟᱸᱫᱮᱥ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱡᱽ ᱥᱟᱸᱫᱮᱥ]] || 1986 |- | [[ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱡᱽ ᱥᱩᱥᱟᱹᱨ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱡᱽ ᱥᱩᱥᱟᱹᱨ]] || 1986 |- | [[ᱟᱦᱞᱟ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ), ᱵᱟᱸᱠᱩᱲᱟ|ᱟᱦᱞᱟ]] - ᱵᱟᱸᱠᱩᱲᱟ || - |- | [[ᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]] || 1986 |- | [[ᱵᱤᱸᱫᱤ ᱥᱩᱛᱟᱢ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱵᱤᱸᱫᱤ ᱥᱩᱛᱟᱢ]] || 1987 |- | [[ᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱤᱸᱫᱩᱨ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱤᱸᱫᱩᱨ]] || 1987 |- | [[ᱩᱱᱩᱨᱩᱢ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱩᱱᱩᱨᱩᱢ]] || 1987 |- | [[ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱢᱟᱨᱤᱠᱟ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱢᱟᱨᱤᱠᱟ]] || 1987 |- | [[ᱯᱷᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱠᱚᱭᱮᱞ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱯᱷᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱠᱚᱭᱮᱞ]] || 1987 |- | [[ᱥᱤᱨᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱢ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱥᱤᱨᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱢ]] || 1987 |- | [[ᱢᱮᱸᱫ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱢᱮᱸᱫ]] || 1987 |- | [[ᱠᱟᱢᱥᱟᱜ ᱟᱢ]] || 1988 |- | [[ᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ]] || 1988 |- | [[ᱡᱩᱣᱟᱹᱱ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱡᱩᱣᱟᱹᱱ]] || 1988 |- | [[ᱦᱚᱲ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱦᱚᱲ]] || 1988 |- | [[ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱨᱡᱚᱢ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱨᱡᱚᱢ]] || 1988 |- | [[ᱥᱟᱨᱡᱚᱢ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱥᱟᱨᱡᱚᱢ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ]] || 1988 |- | [[ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ]] || 1988 |- | [[ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]] || 1989 |- | [[ᱮᱵᱷᱮᱱ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱮᱵᱷᱮᱱ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ]] || 1988 |- | [[ᱥᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ), ᱵᱟᱸᱠᱩᱲᱟ|ᱥᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ]] ᱼ ᱵᱟᱸᱠᱩᱲᱟ || 1989 |- | [[ᱞᱟᱦᱟᱱᱛᱤ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱞᱟᱦᱟᱱᱛᱤ]] || 1989 |- | [[ᱛᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱛᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ]] || 1989 |- | [[ᱢᱟᱱᱣᱟ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱢᱟᱱᱣᱟ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ]] || 1990 |- | [[ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱥ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱥ]] || 1990 |- | [[ᱛᱤᱨᱭᱳ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱛᱤᱨᱭᱳ]] || 1990 |- | [[ᱢᱤᱨᱩ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ), ᱢᱚᱥᱟᱵᱚᱱᱤ|ᱢᱤᱨᱩ]] - ᱢᱚᱥᱟᱵᱚᱱᱤ || 1990 |- | [[ᱩᱨᱞᱟᱹᱣ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱩᱨᱞᱟᱹᱣ]] || 1990 |- | [[ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱣᱲᱤᱭᱟᱹ]] || 1990 |- | [[ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱥᱟᱨᱡᱚᱢ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ]] || 1990 |- | [[ᱵᱷᱩᱸᱭᱪᱟᱞ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱵᱷᱩᱸᱭᱪᱟᱞ]] || 1991 |- | [[ᱟᱺᱜᱤᱵᱷᱟᱨ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱟᱺᱜᱤᱵᱷᱟᱨ]] || 1991 |- | [[ᱛᱟᱨᱣᱟᱞᱤ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱛᱟᱨᱣᱟᱞᱤ]] || 1991 |- | [[ᱴᱟᱴᱣᱟᱥ]] || 1991 |- | [[ᱯᱚᱨᱟᱭᱱᱤ ᱥᱟᱲᱵᱟᱦᱟ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱯᱚᱨᱟᱭᱱᱤ ᱥᱟᱲᱵᱟᱦᱟ]] || 1991 |- | [[ᱵᱟᱭᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷ ᱠᱩᱱᱟᱹᱢᱤ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱵᱟᱭᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷ ᱠᱩᱱᱟᱹᱢᱤ]] || 1991 |- | [[ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱞ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱞ]] || 1991 |- | [[ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱽᱞᱮᱛ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱽᱞᱮᱛ]] || 1991 |- | [[ᱡᱟᱦᱮᱨᱜᱟᱲ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱡᱟᱦᱮᱨᱜᱟᱲ]] || 1991 |- | [[ᱜᱚᱰᱮᱛ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ), ᱠᱳᱞᱠᱟᱛᱟ|ᱜᱚᱰᱮᱛ]] - ᱠᱳᱞᱠᱟᱛᱟ|| 1992 |- | [[ᱡᱩᱜᱽ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱱᱟ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱡᱩᱜᱽ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱱᱟ]] || 1992 |- | [[ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ]] || 1992 |- | [[ᱥᱤᱵᱤᱞ ᱥᱟᱸᱫᱮᱥ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱥᱤᱵᱤᱞ ᱥᱟᱸᱫᱮᱥ]] || 1993 |- | [[ᱤᱯᱤᱞ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱤᱯᱤᱞ]] || 1993 |- | [[ᱪᱟᱪᱚ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱪᱟᱪᱚ]] || 1994 |- | [[ᱠᱚᱞᱚᱢ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱠᱚᱞᱚᱢ]] || 1994 |- | [[ᱚᱞᱚᱜ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱚᱞᱚᱜ]] || 1994 |- | [[ᱦᱤᱯᱤᱨᱤ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱦᱤᱯᱤᱨᱤ]] || 1994 |- | [[ᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱤᱸᱫᱩᱨ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱤᱸᱫᱩᱨ]] || 1994 |- | [[ᱪᱤᱴᱷᱤ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱪᱤᱴᱷᱤ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ]] || 1994 |- | [[ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱥᱟᱠᱣᱟ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱥᱟᱠᱣᱟ]] || 1995 |- | [[ᱦᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱦᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ]] || 1995 |- | [[ᱜᱤᱨᱟᱹ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ), ᱯᱩᱨᱩᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ|ᱜᱤᱨᱟᱹ]] - ᱯᱩᱨᱩᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ || 1995 |- | [[ᱟᱲᱟᱝ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱟᱲᱟᱝ]] || 1996 |- | [[ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ]] || 1997 |- | [[ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱱᱟ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱱᱟ]] || 1997 |- | [[ᱛᱮᱛᱟᱝ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱛᱮᱛᱟᱝ]] || 1998 |- | [[ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ), ᱵᱤᱫᱽᱫᱟᱥᱟᱜᱚᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ|ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]] - ᱵᱤᱫᱽᱫᱟᱥᱟᱜᱚᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ|| 1998 |- | [[ᱛᱟᱨᱟᱥ]] || 1999 |- | [[ᱦᱮᱸᱫᱮ ᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱦᱮᱸᱫᱮ ᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]] || 2000 |- | [[ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ]] || 2000 |- | [[ᱡᱤᱣᱤ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱡᱤᱣᱤ]] || 2000 |- | [[ᱫᱩᱞᱟᱹᱲᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱤᱥᱮᱨᱟ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱫᱩᱞᱟᱹᱲᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱤᱥᱮᱨᱟ]] || 2000 |- | [[ᱥᱟᱨᱛᱷᱤ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱥᱟᱨᱛᱷᱤ]] || 2000 |- | [[ᱨᱟᱹᱦᱤ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱨᱟᱹᱦᱤ]] || 2001 |- | [[ᱥᱤᱢᱨᱟᱜ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱥᱤᱢᱨᱟᱜ]] || 2001 |- | [[ᱫᱤᱥᱟᱹ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱫᱤᱥᱟᱹ]] || 2001 |- | [[ᱛᱮᱨᱟᱝ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱛᱮᱨᱟᱝ]] || 2001 |- | [[ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱲ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱲ]] || 2001 |- | [[ᱛᱚᱯᱚᱞ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱛᱚᱯᱚᱞ]] || 2003 |- | [[ᱩᱢᱩᱞ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱩᱢᱩᱞ]] || 2009 |- | [[ᱟᱹᱠᱤᱞ ᱜᱮᱭᱟᱱ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱟᱹᱠᱤᱞ ᱜᱮᱭᱟᱱ]] || 2004 |- | [[ᱥᱟᱸᱜᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱥᱟᱸᱜᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ]] || 2004 |- | [[ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱞ ᱡᱟᱦᱮᱨ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱞ ᱡᱟᱦᱮᱨ]] || 2005 |- | [[ᱥᱚᱸᱫᱷᱟᱭᱱᱤ]] || 2005 |- | [[ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱰᱚᱦᱚᱨ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱰᱚᱦᱚᱨ]] || 2005 |- | [[ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ), ᱦᱩᱜᱽᱞᱤ|ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ]] - ᱦᱩᱜᱽᱞᱤ || 2005 |- | [[ᱠᱩᱱᱟᱹᱢᱤ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ), ᱵᱷᱩᱵᱽᱱᱮᱥᱣᱟᱨ|ᱠᱩᱱᱟᱹᱢᱤ]] - ᱵᱷᱩᱵᱽᱱᱮᱥᱣᱟᱨ|| 2007 |- | [[ᱜᱟᱭᱜᱚᱢ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱜᱟᱭᱜᱚᱢ]] || 2007 |- | [[ᱯᱟᱸᱡᱟ (ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱯᱟᱸᱡᱟ]] || 2007 |- | [[ᱯᱚᱦᱚ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱯᱚᱦᱚ]] || 2007 |- | [[ᱫᱷᱟᱲᱠᱚᱭᱮᱞ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱫᱷᱟᱲᱠᱚᱭᱮᱞ]] || 2008 |- | [[ᱫᱮᱥ ᱫᱚᱨᱵᱟᱨ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱫᱮᱥ ᱫᱚᱨᱵᱟᱨ]] || 2008 |- | [[ᱥᱮᱛᱟᱜ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱥᱮᱛᱟᱜ]] || 2008 |- | [[ᱵᱟᱠᱡᱩᱞᱩ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱵᱟᱠᱡᱩᱞᱩ]] || 2009 |- | [[ᱯᱷᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱᱼ ᱵᱮᱣᱨᱟ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ|ᱯᱷᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ]] || 2009 |- | [[ᱦᱩᱞ ᱥᱟᱸᱫᱮᱥ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱦᱩᱞ ᱥᱟᱸᱫᱮᱥ]] || 2010 |- | [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] || 2011 |- | [[ᱦᱟᱸᱥ ᱦᱟᱥᱤᱞ]] || 1974 |- | [[ᱵᱷᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱫᱤᱭᱟᱲᱟ]] || 1981 |- | [[ᱵᱷᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱯᱚᱨᱟᱭᱱᱤ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱵᱷᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱯᱚᱨᱟᱭᱱᱤ]] || 1983 |- | [[ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]] || 1983 |- | [[ᱜᱟᱞᱟᱝ ᱜᱩᱞᱟᱹᱪᱷᱤ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱜᱟᱞᱟᱝ ᱜᱩᱞᱟᱹᱪᱷᱤ]] || 1983 |- | [[ᱵᱷᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱥᱟᱠᱣᱟ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱵᱷᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱥᱟᱠᱣᱟ]] || 1983 |- | [[ᱠᱟᱹᱯᱩᱨ ᱢᱩᱞᱤ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱠᱟᱹᱯᱩᱨ ᱢᱩᱞᱤ]] || 1983 |- | [[ᱦᱤᱨᱟᱹᱵᱟᱹᱛᱤ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱦᱤᱨᱟᱹᱵᱟᱹᱛᱤ]] || 1984 |- | [[ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱲ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ), ᱠᱚᱨᱚᱱᱰᱤ|ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱲ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ]] - ᱠᱚᱨᱚᱱᱰᱤ || 1984 |- | [[ᱠᱤᱸᱡᱷᱤᱨ ᱠᱚᱭᱮᱞ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱠᱤᱸᱡᱷᱤᱨ ᱠᱚᱭᱮᱞ]] || 1988 |- | [[ᱵᱷᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱦᱤᱨᱟᱹ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱵᱷᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱦᱤᱨᱟᱹ]] || 1989 |- | [[ᱡᱤᱭᱟᱹᱲ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱱᱟ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ), ᱱᱚᱞᱜᱚᱡᱟ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ|ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱱᱟ]] - ᱱᱚᱞᱜᱚᱡᱟ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ|| 1990 |- | [[ᱟᱥᱟ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ), ᱵᱤᱥᱥᱚ-ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛᱤ|ᱟᱥᱟ]] - ᱵᱤᱥᱥᱚ-ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛᱤ || 2015 |} == ᱯᱚᱨᱚᱵᱽ /ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟᱼᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ== * [[ᱢᱟᱜᱽ ᱥᱤᱢ]] * [[ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱯᱚᱨᱚᱵᱽ]] * [[ᱢᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱬᱮ]] * [[ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ]] * [[ᱮᱨᱚᱜ ᱥᱤᱢ]] * [[ᱦᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹᱲ ᱥᱤᱢ]] * [[ᱫᱟᱸᱥᱟᱭ]] * [[ᱥᱚᱦᱨᱟᱭ]] * [[ᱥᱟᱠᱨᱟᱛ]] * [[ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱵᱚᱝᱜᱟ ᱯᱟᱨᱟᱵᱽ|ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱢ]] * [[ᱨᱚᱦᱱᱤ]] * [[ᱡᱩᱜᱽᱱᱤ]] * [[ᱯᱟᱛᱟ]] * [[ᱟᱥᱟᱲᱤᱭᱟᱹ]] * [[ᱡᱟᱱᱛᱷᱟᱲ]] * [[ᱨᱩᱸᱰᱟᱹ ᱨᱚᱯᱚᱵᱽ]] * [[ᱟᱠᱷᱟᱱ]] == ᱮᱱᱮᱡ == * [[ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ]] * [[ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ]] * [[ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ]] * [[ᱫᱚᱸᱜᱮᱲ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ]] * [[ᱰᱟᱱᱴᱟ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ]] * [[ᱯᱷᱤᱨᱠᱟᱹᱞ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ]] * [[ᱵᱷᱩᱣᱟᱹᱝ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ]] * [[ᱫᱟᱸᱥᱟᱭ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ]] * [[ᱯᱟᱛᱟ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ]] * [[ᱞᱟᱜᱽᱬᱮ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ]] * [[ᱡᱟᱛᱨᱟ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ]] == ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ == * [[ᱫᱚᱝ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] * [[ᱞᱟᱜᱽᱬᱮ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] * [[ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] * [[ᱪᱷᱟᱹᱴᱭᱟᱹᱨ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] * [[ᱦᱩᱲᱩ ᱨᱚᱦᱚᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] * [[ᱦᱮᱲᱦᱮᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] * [[ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] * [[ᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] * [[ᱵᱟᱞᱟᱭᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] * [[ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] * [[ᱵᱟᱯᱞᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] * [[ᱯᱟᱛᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] * [[ᱨᱤᱸᱡᱷᱟᱹ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] * [[ᱫᱟᱸᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] * [[ᱥᱚᱦᱨᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] * [[ᱵᱩᱲᱦᱤ ᱜᱟᱹᱲᱤ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] * [[ᱜᱚᱡ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] * [[ᱫᱩᱨᱩᱢᱡᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] * [[ᱰᱟᱱᱴᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] * [[ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] * [[ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] ** [[ᱪᱩᱢ-ᱪᱩᱢᱵᱟᱹ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] ** [[ᱫᱟᱹᱦᱤ ᱴᱚᱱᱟ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] ** [[ᱜᱷᱳᱜᱷᱳᱨᱟᱱᱤ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] ** [[ᱥᱩᱱᱛᱩᱵᱩᱠᱩᱡ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] ** [[ᱞᱚᱠᱷᱟᱜᱩᱴᱤ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] == ᱨᱩ ᱥᱟᱯᱟᱵᱽ ᱠᱚ == * [[ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱨᱩ ᱥᱟᱯᱟᱵᱽ ᱠᱚ]] * '''ᱨᱟᱦᱟ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ''' ** [[ᱛᱤᱨᱭᱳ]] ** [[ᱥᱟᱠᱣᱟ]] ** [[ᱥᱤᱸᱜᱟᱹ]] ** [[ᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱤᱸᱜᱟᱹ]] ** [[ᱢᱟᱱᱫᱟᱱᱵᱷᱮᱲ]] * '''ᱛᱚᱞ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ''' ** [[ᱵᱷᱩᱣᱟᱹᱝ]] ** [[ᱥᱟᱲᱯᱟ]] ** [[ᱠᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱤ]] * '''ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ''' ** [[ᱜᱷᱚᱱᱴᱟ]] ** [[ᱴᱮᱭᱚᱝ]] ** [[ᱠᱚᱨᱛᱟᱞ]] ** [[ᱡᱷᱟᱸᱡᱷ]] ** [[ᱜᱷᱩᱝᱨᱟᱹ]] ** [[ᱛᱷᱟᱹᱲᱤ]] * '''ᱫᱟᱞᱚᱵᱽ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ''' ** [[ᱫᱩᱢᱫᱟᱜ]] ** [[ᱴᱟᱢᱟᱠ]] ** [[ᱰᱷᱚᱞ]] ** [[ᱰᱷᱟᱠ]] ** [[ᱪᱚᱲᱪᱚᱨᱤ]] * '''ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱢ''' ** [[ᱯᱷᱮᱱᱴᱚᱨ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱢ]] ** [[ᱫᱷᱚᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱢ]] == ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ == * [[ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱛᱭᱟᱹᱣ]] * [[ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ]] * [[ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ]] * [[ᱡᱟᱦᱮᱨ ᱟᱭᱳ]] * [[ᱡᱟᱦᱮᱨ ᱮᱨᱟ]] * [[ᱜᱚᱸᱥᱟᱭ ᱮᱨᱟ]] * [[ᱜᱚᱸᱥᱟᱬᱮ]] * [[ᱞᱤᱴᱟᱹ]] * [[ᱢᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ]] * [[ᱛᱩᱨᱩᱭ ᱠᱚ]] * [[ᱢᱚᱬᱮᱠᱚ-ᱛᱩᱨᱩᱭᱠᱚ]] * [[ᱜᱚᱨᱟᱢ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ]] * [[ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ]] * [[ᱴᱟᱺᱰᱤ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ]] * [[ᱦᱩᱨᱩᱛ ᱠᱷᱩᱱᱴᱩᱛ]] * [[ᱥᱤᱧ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ]] * [[ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱟᱭᱳ]] * [[ᱡᱟᱱᱛᱷᱟᱲ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ]] * [[ᱯᱟᱨᱜᱟᱱᱟ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ]] * [[ᱢᱟᱺᱡᱷᱤ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ]] * [[ᱟᱵᱽᱜᱮ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ]] * [[ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱹᱬ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ]] * [[ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ]] * [[ᱱᱟᱹᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ]] * [[ᱨᱚᱝᱜᱳᱨᱩᱡᱤ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ]] * [[ᱵᱟᱜᱷᱩᱛ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ]] * [[ᱥᱩᱫ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ]] * [[ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ]] * [[ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ]] * [[ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ]] == ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ == ===ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ=== * [[ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] * [[ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱤᱥ|ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] * [[ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ]] * [[ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱤᱥ|ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] * [[ᱢᱟᱨᱰᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱤᱥ|ᱢᱟᱨᱰᱤ]] * [[ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱤᱥ|ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] * [[ᱴᱩᱰᱩ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱤᱥ|ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] * [[ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱮ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱤᱥ|ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱮ]] * [[ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱤᱥ|ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ]] * [[ᱯᱟᱣᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱤᱥ|ᱯᱟᱣᱨᱤᱭᱟ]] * [[ᱪᱚᱬᱮ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱤᱥ|ᱪᱚᱬᱮ]] * [[ᱜᱚᱸᱰᱣᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱤᱥ|ᱜᱚᱸᱰᱣᱟᱨ]] gb4fc527at9eau4ffqrq0d9u82yipr1 194390 194389 2026-07-13T04:47:49Z MT731 2184 194390 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="display: flex; flex-direction:row; flex-wrap: wrap; text-align:center; margin-bottom:1em; margin-top:1em; width:100%;"> <div style="flex: 1 1 auto; margin: 2px; padding: 10px; background-color: #5B9BD5; border-radius: 5px; min-width: 150px;">[[ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ:ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱒᱕ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ|<span style="color:#FFFFFF">'''ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ'''</span>]]</div> <div style="flex: 1 1 auto; margin: 2px; padding: 10px; background-color: #5B9BD5; border-radius: 5px; min-width: 150px;">[[ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ:ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱒᱕ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ/ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ|<span style="color:#FFFFFF">'''ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱢᱮ'''</span>]]</div> <div style="flex: 1 1 auto; margin: 2px; padding: 10px; background-color: #5B9BD5; border-radius: 5px; min-width: 150px;">[[ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ:ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱒᱕ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ/ᱱᱤᱭᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ|<span style="color:#FFFFFF">'''ᱱᱤᱭᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ'''</span>]]</div> <div style="flex: 1 1 auto; margin: 2px; padding: 10px; background-color: #C0E6FF; border-radius: 5px; min-width: 150px;">[[ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ:ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱒᱕ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ/ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱠᱟᱹ|<span style="color:#003366">'''ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱠᱟᱹ'''</span>]]</div> <div style="flex: 1 1 auto; margin: 2px; padding: 10px; background-color: #5B9BD5; border-radius: 5px; min-width: 150px;">[[ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ:ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱒᱕ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ/ᱚᱨᱡᱚ|<span style="color:#FFFFFF">'''ᱚᱨᱡᱚ'''</span>]]</div> </div> <div style="padding:2em; background:#C0E6FF; border-radius:8px;"> '''ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱠᱟᱹ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱨᱚᱝ ᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱛᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱤᱱ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱛ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱚᱞ ᱢᱮ᱾''' ᱵᱟᱝᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱟᱢ ᱠᱩᱥᱤ ᱡᱟᱦᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱥᱟᱛᱟᱢ ᱟᱛᱮ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱮᱢ ᱚᱞ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ == ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ == === ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ === {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! ᱮᱞ !! ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ |- | 1 || [[ᱢᱟᱺᱡᱷᱤ ᱨᱟᱢᱫᱟᱥ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ|ᱨᱟᱢᱫᱟᱥ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 2 || [[ᱨᱟᱭᱟ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 3 || [[ᱨᱩᱵᱮᱱ ᱨᱩᱥᱮᱱ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ]] |- | 4 || [[ᱥᱴᱮᱯᱷᱟᱱ ᱮᱪ. ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 5 || [[ᱥᱚᱞᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 6 || [[ᱡᱟᱠᱚᱵᱽ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 7 || [[ᱞᱩᱫᱟᱹᱭ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 8 || [[ᱱᱩᱠᱟ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱱᱰᱤ]] |- | 9 || [[ᱵᱟᱵᱩᱨᱟᱢ ᱵᱮᱧᱡᱟᱢᱤᱱ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ|ᱵᱟᱹᱵᱩᱨᱟᱢ ᱵᱮᱧᱡᱟᱢᱤᱱ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 10 || [[ᱪᱟᱹᱨᱩ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱥᱤᱝ ᱥᱤᱫᱩᱯ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 11 || [[ᱡᱳᱥᱮᱯᱷ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 12 || [[ᱵᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱲ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ|ᱵᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱲ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 13 || [[ᱠᱟᱹᱞᱩ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱱᱰᱤ]] |- | 14 || [[ᱰᱮᱰᱮᱢ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 15 || [[ᱦᱤᱠᱤᱢ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 16 || [[ᱯᱟᱣᱩᱞ ᱡᱩᱡᱷᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ|ᱯᱟᱹᱣᱩᱞ ᱡᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱨ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 17 || [[ᱪᱚᱭᱛᱚᱱᱭᱚ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ|ᱪᱚᱭᱛᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 18 || [[ᱨᱟᱢᱪᱟᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ|ᱨᱟᱢᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 19 || [[ᱠᱮ. ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ]] |- | 20 || [[ᱨᱟᱢᱪᱟᱸᱫᱽ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 21 || [[ᱢᱚᱝᱜᱚᱞ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 22 || [[ᱥᱟᱣᱱᱟ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 23 || [[ᱯᱚᱸᱰᱮᱛ ᱨᱟᱹᱜᱷᱩᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ|ᱨᱟᱹᱜᱷᱩᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 24 || [[ᱱᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 25 || [[ᱥᱭᱟᱢ ᱥᱩᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 26 || [[ᱯᱷᱚᱱᱤᱱᱫᱽᱨᱚᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟ]] |- | 27 || [[ᱜᱳᱯᱟᱞ ᱜᱟᱢᱟᱞᱤᱭᱟ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 28 || [[ᱥᱴᱤᱯᱷᱟᱱ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 29 || [[ᱨᱳᱵᱮᱱ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 30 || [[ᱪᱟᱹᱢᱯᱟᱹᱭ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 31 || [[ᱥᱣᱮᱛ ᱪᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 32 || [[ᱥᱚᱦᱫᱮᱵᱽ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱱᱰᱤ]] |- | 33 || [[ᱜᱳᱨᱟᱪᱟᱸᱫᱽ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 34 || [[ᱱᱟᱨᱟᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 35 || [[ᱥᱴᱤᱯᱷᱟᱱ ᱦᱤᱠᱤᱢ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 36 || [[ᱪᱷᱚᱴᱨᱟᱭ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ|ᱪᱷᱚᱴᱨᱟᱭ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 37 || [[ᱪᱩᱱᱠᱩᱨᱟᱢ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 38 || [[ᱵᱟᱰᱷᱟ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ]] |- | 39 || [[ᱡᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱪᱚᱬᱮ]] |- | 40 || [[ᱯᱚᱧᱪᱟᱱᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱰᱤ]] |- | 41 || [[ᱫᱚᱥᱚᱨᱚᱛᱷ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ|ᱫᱚᱥᱚᱨᱚᱛᱷ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 42 || [[ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱷᱟᱹᱭ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 43 || [[ᱥᱭᱟᱢ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 44 || [[ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱞᱟᱹ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 45 || [[ᱫᱤᱞᱤᱯ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 46 || [[ᱟᱫᱤᱛᱭᱚ ᱢᱤᱛᱨᱚ (ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱞᱤ)]] |- | 47 || [[ᱠᱮᱵᱚᱞᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 48 || [[ᱱᱟᱛᱷᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 49 || [[ᱢᱟᱱᱤᱠ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟ|ᱢᱟᱱᱤᱠ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟ 'ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱰᱟᱨ']] |- | 50 || [[ᱴᱤ ᱠᱮ ᱨᱟᱯᱟᱡᱽ|ᱛᱷᱤᱭᱳᱰᱚᱨ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ]] |- | 51 || [[ᱞᱚᱥᱚ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 52 || [[ᱵᱷᱟᱜᱽᱣᱟᱛ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ|ᱵᱷᱚᱜᱚᱵᱚᱛ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ 'ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱠᱩᱨ']] |- | 53 || [[ᱠᱩᱥᱛᱩᱨᱤ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 54 || [[ᱥᱟᱨᱚᱫᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱟᱫᱽ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ]] |- | 55 || [[ᱪᱤᱛᱩ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 56 || [[ᱰᱳᱢᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟ]] |- | 57 || [[ᱫᱷᱤᱨᱮᱱᱫᱨᱚᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱮ]] |- | 58 || [[ᱟᱱᱚᱱᱫᱚ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱟᱫᱽ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ|ᱟᱱᱚᱱᱫᱽ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱟᱫᱽ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ]] |- | 59 || [[ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱠᱩᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱟᱫᱽ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 60 || [[ᱨᱩᱯᱱᱟᱨᱟᱭᱚᱱ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ|ᱨᱩᱯᱱᱟᱨᱟᱭᱚᱱ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ 'ᱥᱭᱟᱢ']] |- | 61 || [[ᱡᱳᱛᱤᱞᱟᱞ ᱢᱟᱱᱰᱤ]] |- | 62 || [[ᱪᱚᱭᱛᱚᱱᱭᱚ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ|ᱪᱚᱭᱛᱚᱱᱭᱚ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱱᱰᱤ 'ᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ']] |- | 63 || [[ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱢᱚᱦᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 64 || [[ᱱᱩᱱᱩᱞᱟᱞ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 65 || [[ᱱᱤᱛᱭᱟᱱᱚᱱᱫᱚ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 66 || [[ᱠᱩᱥᱟᱹᱞ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱮ]] |- | 67 || [[ᱵᱤᱯᱤᱱ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 68 || [[ᱞᱩᱥᱟᱹᱨᱟᱢ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 69 || [[ᱵᱷᱚᱜᱟᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 70 || [[ᱡᱚᱞᱮᱥᱣᱚᱨ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ|ᱡᱚᱞᱮᱥᱣᱚᱨ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ 'ᱡᱚᱥ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱞ']] |- | 71 || [[ᱵᱟᱞᱠᱤᱥᱚᱨ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱤ|ᱵᱟᱞᱠᱤᱥᱚᱨ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱤ 'ᱟᱨᱢᱟᱱ']] |- | 72 || [[ᱜᱤᱨᱤᱡᱚᱞ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 73 || [[ᱨᱟᱢᱫᱩᱞᱟᱞ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 74 || [[ᱱᱟᱛᱷᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 75 || [[ᱥᱟᱞᱦᱟᱭ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 76 || [[ᱨᱟᱹᱜᱷᱩᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ|ᱨᱟᱹᱜᱷᱩᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ 'ᱮᱵᱷᱮᱱ ᱪᱮᱬᱮ']] |- | 77 || [[ᱫᱤᱜᱟᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ|ᱫᱤᱜᱚᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 78 || [[ᱵᱟᱹᱵᱩᱞᱟᱞ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ|ᱵᱟᱹᱵᱩᱞᱟᱞ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ 'ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ']] |- | 79 || [[ᱠᱷᱮᱞᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ]] |- | 80 || [[ᱥᱳᱵᱷᱟᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ]] |- | 81 || [[ᱠᱟᱹᱞᱤᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 82 || [[ᱥᱩᱨᱭᱟᱱᱚᱱᱫᱽ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 83 || [[ᱵᱤᱨᱟᱢ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟ]] |- | 84 || [[ᱜᱩᱦᱤᱨᱟᱢ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 85 || [[ᱡᱟᱜᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 86 || [[ᱨᱩᱯᱪᱟᱸᱫᱽ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 87 || [[ᱥᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 88 || [[ᱵᱷᱟᱹᱭᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟ|ᱵᱷᱟᱹᱭᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟ 'ᱪᱟᱥᱟ']] |- | 89 || [[ᱢᱮᱜᱷᱱᱟᱫ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ|ᱢᱮᱜᱷᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 90 || [[ᱥᱚᱫᱟᱜᱚᱨ ᱥᱤᱢᱚᱱᱛᱚ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱱᱰᱤ]] |- | 91 || [[ᱡᱚᱜᱚᱱᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 92 || [[ᱵᱟᱫᱚᱞ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ]] |- | 93 || [[ᱯᱷᱚᱴᱤᱠᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 94 || [[ᱵᱚᱭᱫᱭᱚᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱢᱟᱨᱰᱤ]] |- | 95 || [[ᱤᱡᱤᱠᱮᱞ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 96 || [[ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭᱞᱟᱞ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 97 || [[ᱪᱩᱱᱰᱟᱹ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 98 || [[ᱜᱳᱢᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱟᱫᱽ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 99 || [[ᱡᱚᱜᱮᱱᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 100 || [[ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱮᱱᱫᱩ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 101 || [[ᱛᱮᱡᱽᱱᱟᱨᱟᱭᱚᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 102 || [[ᱟᱢᱨᱤᱛ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟ|ᱟᱢᱨᱤᱛ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟ 'ᱫᱟᱵᱟᱱᱚᱞ']] |- | 103 || [[ᱦᱚᱨᱚ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱟᱫᱽ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 104 || [[ᱠᱚᱨᱱᱮᱞᱤᱭᱟᱥ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 105 || [[ᱜᱩᱨᱩᱪᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 106 || [[ᱞᱚᱠᱷᱤᱱᱟᱨᱟᱭᱚᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ|ᱞᱚᱠᱷᱤᱱᱟᱨᱟᱭᱚᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ 'ᱯᱟᱱᱤᱨᱯᱤᱭᱳ']] |- | 107 || [[ᱥᱚᱭᱞᱚᱡᱟᱱᱚᱱᱫᱚ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 108 || [[ᱚᱱᱟᱫᱤ ᱪᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 109 || [[ᱵᱷᱳᱡᱽᱨᱟᱭ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 110 || [[ᱨᱚᱵᱤᱞᱳᱪᱚᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 111 || [[ᱯᱟᱨᱟᱣ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 112 || [[ᱱᱚᱥᱠᱚᱨᱤ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 113 || [[ᱡᱭᱳᱛᱤᱞᱟᱞ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 114 || [[ᱨᱚᱵᱤᱞᱟᱞ ᱢᱟᱱᱰᱤ]] |- | 115 || [[ᱩᱫᱚᱭᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱢᱟᱹᱡᱷᱤ]] |- | 116 || [[ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 117 || [[ᱢᱟᱹᱡᱷᱤᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ|ᱢᱟᱹᱡᱷᱤᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ 'ᱞᱟᱣᱲᱤᱭᱟ']] |- | 118 || [[ᱥᱚᱨᱵᱮᱥᱣᱚᱨ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 119 || [[ᱥᱭᱟᱢ ᱪᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱱᱰᱤ]] |- | 120 || [[ᱥᱤᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ|ᱥᱤᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ 'ᱥᱤᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ']] |- | 121 || [[ᱥᱴᱮᱱᱥᱤᱞᱟ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 122 || [[ᱤᱱᱫᱽᱨᱚᱱᱟᱨᱟᱭᱚᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 123 || [[ᱤᱥᱣᱚᱨ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 124 || [[ᱢᱚᱫᱚᱱ ᱢᱳᱦᱚᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ|ᱢᱚᱫᱚᱱ ᱢᱳᱦᱚᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ 'ᱞᱟᱝᱛᱤᱛᱤ']] |- | 125 || [[ᱠᱩᱥᱟᱹᱞ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 126 || [[ᱢᱚᱱᱰᱚᱞ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 127 || [[ᱱᱚᱱᱫᱽᱠᱤᱥᱚᱨ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ]] |- | 128 || [[ᱦᱚᱨᱢᱚᱱ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ|ᱦᱚᱨᱢᱚᱱ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ 'ᱢᱟᱥᱛᱟᱱᱟ']] |- | 129 || [[ᱱᱚᱵᱤᱱ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ]] |- | 130 || [[ᱥᱩᱵᱚᱞ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 131 || [[ᱨᱟᱢᱠᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ|ᱨᱟᱢᱠᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ 'ᱥᱮᱫᱟᱭᱥᱤᱨᱤᱡᱚᱞ']] |- | 132 || [[ᱨᱚᱵᱤᱞᱟᱞ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 133 || [[ᱨᱟᱢᱫᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 134 || [[ᱫᱩᱨᱵᱤᱱ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 135 || [[ᱵᱤᱱᱳᱫᱽ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 136 || [[ᱡᱟᱢᱟᱫᱟᱨ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ]] |- | 137 || [[ᱡᱚᱫᱩᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 138 || [[ᱵᱤᱢᱚᱞ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 139 || [[ᱵᱷᱟᱫᱳ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 140 || [[ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱫᱮᱵᱽ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟ]] |- | 141 || [[ᱡᱚᱜᱚᱱᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ|ᱡᱚᱜᱚᱱᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ 'ᱠᱟᱡᱽᱞᱤ']] |- | 142 || [[ᱵᱟᱥᱩᱫᱮᱵᱽ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ]] |- | 143 || [[ᱨᱟᱵᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱮ]] |- | 144 || [[ᱵᱚᱲᱚᱨᱟᱢ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ|ᱵᱚᱞᱚᱨᱟᱢ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 145 || [[ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱚ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 146 || [[ᱚᱨᱡᱩᱱ ᱪᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 147 || [[ᱥᱩᱠᱪᱟᱸᱫᱽ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱮ]] |- | 148 || [[ᱩᱯᱮᱱ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ]] |- | 149 || [[ᱥᱟᱞᱠᱷᱩ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 150 || [[ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱱ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 151 || [[ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱱᱫᱽᱨᱚᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱢᱟᱱᱰᱤ]] |- | 152 || [[ᱨᱚᱢᱮᱥ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ]] |- | 153 || [[ᱱᱚᱨᱮᱱ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ]] |- | 154 || [[ᱜᱚᱣᱩᱨᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 155 || [[ᱞᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱱᱰᱤ]] |- | 156 || [[ᱫᱩᱨᱜᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱟᱫᱽ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 157 || [[ᱨᱚᱵᱤᱱᱫᱽᱨᱚᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 158 || [[ᱥᱩᱫᱷᱤᱨ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 159 || [[ᱠᱤᱥᱚᱨᱤ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 160 || [[ᱵᱤᱨᱵᱚᱞ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 161 || [[ᱥᱟᱞᱠᱷᱩ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 162 || [[ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱢᱚᱞ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ|ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱢᱚᱞ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ (ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ)]] |- | 163 || [[ᱥᱚᱱᱟ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 164 || [[ᱠᱟᱞᱤᱯᱚᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ|ᱠᱟᱞᱤᱯᱚᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ (ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱞ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ)]] |- | 165 || [[ᱞᱚᱠᱠᱷᱤ ᱱᱟᱨᱟᱭᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱮ|ᱞᱚᱠᱷᱢᱤᱱᱟᱨᱟᱭᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱮ 'ᱞᱚᱵᱽ']] |- | 166 || [[ᱵᱟᱫᱚᱞ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 167 || [[ᱫᱩᱜᱟᱭ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 168 || [[ᱥᱚᱦᱫᱮᱵᱽ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ]] |- | 169 || [[ᱵᱚᱭᱫᱭᱚᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ|ᱵᱚᱭᱫᱭᱚᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ 'ᱠᱟᱥᱟᱭ ᱠᱩᱣᱟᱹᱨᱤ']] |- | 170 || [[ᱚᱵᱤᱱᱟᱥ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 171 || [[ᱨᱚᱛᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 172 || [[ᱦᱚᱨᱤᱦᱚᱨ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟ]] |- | 173 || [[ᱥᱟᱨᱚᱫᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱟᱫᱽ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ (ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱞ ᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤᱭᱟᱹ)|ᱥᱟᱨᱚᱫᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱟᱫᱽ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ 'ᱠᱷᱮᱵᱟ']] |- | 174 || [[ᱥᱩᱥᱤᱞ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ|ᱥᱩᱥᱤᱞ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ 'ᱥᱮᱵᱮᱞ ᱥᱟᱨᱡᱚᱢ']] |- | 175 || [[ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱩ ᱢᱟᱹᱡᱷᱤ|ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱩ ᱢᱟᱹᱡᱷᱤ 'ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ']] |- | 176 || [[ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱤᱢᱚᱭ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 177 || [[ᱥᱳᱢᱟᱭ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ]] |- | 178 || [[ᱥᱤᱝᱨᱟᱭ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ]] |- | 179 || [[ᱥᱚᱱᱟᱛᱚᱱ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 180 || [[ᱵᱟᱫᱚᱞ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 181 || [[ᱥᱭᱟᱢ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ|ᱥᱭᱟᱢ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ ᱡᱤᱣᱤ 'ᱨᱟᱲᱮᱡ']] |- | 182 || [[ᱥᱭᱟᱢ ᱪᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 183 || [[ᱱᱚᱨᱮᱱᱫᱽᱨᱚᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 184 || [[ᱥᱚᱢᱵᱷᱩᱪᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 185 || [[ᱨᱩᱯᱪᱟᱸᱫᱽ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 186 || [[ᱢᱟᱱᱥᱤᱝ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 187 || [[ᱪᱩᱱᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 188 || [[ᱠᱤᱥᱩᱱ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 189 || [[ᱚᱱᱤᱞ ᱴᱤᱢᱳᱛᱷᱤ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 190 || [[ᱡᱚᱫᱩᱢᱚᱬᱤ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ|ᱡᱚᱫᱩᱢᱚᱱᱤ ᱢᱮᱥᱨᱟ]] |- | 191 || [[ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱷᱟᱹᱭ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱮ]] |- | 192 || [[ᱨᱟᱢᱫᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ|ᱨᱟᱢᱫᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ 'ᱡᱩᱦᱩᱢ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ']] |- | 193 || [[ᱡᱚᱥᱳᱫᱟ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 194 || [[ᱱᱤᱥᱤᱛᱷ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 195 || [[ᱵᱚᱭᱫᱭᱚᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 196 || [[ᱯᱤ.ᱥᱤ. ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ]] |- | 197 || [[ᱵᱤᱡᱚᱭ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 198 || [[ᱥᱩᱱᱤᱞ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ|ᱥᱩᱱᱤᱞ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ 'ᱫᱤᱞᱠᱷᱩᱥ']] |- | 199 || [[ᱥᱩᱱᱤᱞ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ (ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ)|ᱥᱩᱱᱤᱞ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 200 || [[ᱪᱚᱱᱰᱤ ᱪᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ|ᱪᱚᱱᱰᱤᱪᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ 'ᱞᱮᱴᱮᱥᱤᱝ']] |- | 201 || [[ᱯᱚᱨᱚᱢᱮᱥᱣᱚᱨ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 202 || [[ᱡᱳᱵᱟ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 203 || [[ᱨᱟᱢᱥᱩᱱᱫᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱮ]] |- | 204 || [[ᱯᱚᱫᱽᱭᱚᱞᱳᱪᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱮ]] |- | 205 || [[ᱞᱚᱠᱷᱢᱤᱱᱟᱨᱟᱭᱚᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 206 || [[ᱜᱚᱣᱩᱨᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ|ᱜᱚᱣᱩᱨᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ 'ᱱᱮᱥᱚᱱᱟᱞ']] |- | 207 || [[ᱥᱤᱵᱩ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ (ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ)|ᱥᱤᱵᱩ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 208 || [[ᱫᱣᱤᱡᱽᱯᱚᱫᱚ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟ]] |- | 209 || [[ᱫᱷᱚᱱᱮᱥᱣᱚᱨ ᱢᱟᱺᱡᱷᱤ]] |- | 210 || [[ᱵᱟᱹᱵᱩᱞᱟᱞ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 211 || [[ᱡᱚᱥᱳᱫᱟ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 212 || [[ᱥᱭᱟᱢ ᱥᱤᱹ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 213 || [[ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 214 || [[ᱥᱩᱨᱡᱚ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 215 || [[ᱥᱚᱱᱚᱛᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱮ]] |- | 216 || [[ᱯᱨᱳᱢᱤᱞᱟ ᱨᱩᱛᱷ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ|ᱯᱨᱳᱢᱤᱞᱟ ᱨᱩᱛᱷ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ 'ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱴᱤᱪᱟᱨ']] |- | 217 || [[ᱢᱚᱱᱥᱟ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 218 || [[ᱥᱤᱠᱢᱟᱹᱞ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 219 || [[ᱵᱮᱱᱤᱯᱷᱨᱮᱰ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 220 || [[ᱢᱤᱞᱚᱱ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 221 || [[ᱵᱷᱤᱢᱥᱮᱱ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 222 || [[ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱚ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 223 || [[ᱥᱩᱵᱷᱟᱥ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 224 || [[ᱢᱚᱱᱳᱦᱚᱨ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 225 || [[ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱢᱚᱣᱞᱮᱥᱣᱚᱨ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱱᱰᱤ]] |- | 226 || [[ᱠᱷᱚᱜᱮᱱᱫᱨᱚ ᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 227 || [[ᱫᱚᱞᱯᱚᱛᱤ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 228 || [[ᱥᱚᱪᱤᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱰᱤ|ᱥᱚᱪᱤᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱰᱤ'ᱱᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ']] |- | 229 || [[ᱠᱟᱞᱤ ᱪᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 230 || [[ᱵᱷᱚᱜᱚᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 231 || [[ᱫᱚᱥᱚᱨᱚᱛᱷ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 232 || [[ᱥᱚᱦᱫᱮᱵᱽ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ]] |- | 233 || [[ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱱᱤ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 234 || [[ᱨᱟᱢᱮᱥᱣᱚᱨ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 235 || [[ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱫᱮᱵᱽ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 236 || [[ᱡᱚᱭᱨᱟᱢ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 237 || [[ᱵᱤᱢᱚᱞ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱮ]] |- | 238 || [[ᱨᱟᱢᱮᱥᱥᱚᱨ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ|ᱨᱟᱢᱮᱥᱥᱚᱨ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 239 || [[ᱵᱩᱫᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 240 || [[ᱦᱚᱨᱤᱯᱚᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 241 || [[ᱱᱤᱥᱤᱛᱷ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 242 || [[ᱵᱷᱚᱞᱟᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ]] |- | 243 || [[ᱨᱚᱱᱡᱚᱱ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 244 || [[ᱨᱟᱭᱥᱮᱱ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱮ]] |- | 245 || [[ᱥᱚᱢᱵᱷᱩ ᱢᱟᱹᱡᱷᱤ]] |- | 246 || [[ᱵᱤᱥᱱᱩᱯᱚᱫᱚ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ]] |- | 247 || [[ᱪᱚᱱᱰᱤ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 248 || [[ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱱᱚᱱᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 249 || [[ᱵᱤᱱᱳᱫᱽ ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨᱤ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 250 || [[ᱨᱟᱹᱜᱷᱩᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 251 || [[ᱱᱤᱠᱳᱫᱤᱢᱟᱥ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 252 || [[ᱵᱤᱥᱣᱚᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 253 || [[ᱫᱤᱠᱩ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 254 || [[ᱵᱤᱢᱚᱞ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 255 || [[ᱞᱚᱠᱠᱷᱤᱠᱟᱱᱛᱚ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 256 || [[ᱥᱤᱨᱚᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 257 || [[ᱵᱩᱫᱷᱨᱟᱢ ᱢᱟᱨᱰᱤ]] |- | 258 || [[ᱫᱩᱞᱤ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 259 || [[ᱮ. ᱠᱮ. ᱢᱟᱱᱰᱤ]] |- | 260 || [[ᱱᱚᱵᱤᱱ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 261 || [[ᱢᱤᱫᱩᱱ ᱢᱟᱱᱰᱤ]] |- | 262 || [[ᱱᱤᱨᱚᱱᱡᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟ]] |- | 263 || [[ᱛᱟᱨᱟᱥᱤᱧ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱮ]] |- | 264 || [[ᱨᱟᱢᱳ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 265 || [[ᱯᱟᱹᱞᱩᱨᱟᱢ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱮ]] |- | 266 || [[ᱵᱷᱟᱜᱽᱵᱚᱛ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ]] |- | 267 || [[ᱵᱟᱵᱽᱞᱩ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 268 || [[ᱨᱟᱢᱮᱥᱣᱚᱨ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 269 || [[ᱥᱩᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱟᱱᱰᱤ|ᱥᱩᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱟᱱᱰᱤ 'ᱵᱟᱡᱤᱵᱟᱡᱽᱠᱟᱨ']] |- | 270 || [[ᱱᱟᱛᱷᱩᱨᱟᱢ ᱢᱟᱱᱰᱤ]] |- | 271 || [[ᱥᱩᱫᱷᱤᱨ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ|ᱥᱩᱫᱷᱤᱨ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ 'ᱥᱩᱴᱩ']] |- | 272 || [[ᱜᱚᱱᱮᱥ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱠᱩᱨ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 273 || [[ᱢᱚᱝᱜᱚᱞ ᱢᱟᱺᱡᱷᱤ]] |- | 274 || [[ᱠᱷᱮᱛᱨᱚᱢᱚᱦᱚᱱ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 275 || [[ᱥᱳᱦᱟᱜᱤᱱᱤ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 276 || [[ᱥᱩᱢᱤᱛᱨᱟ ᱢᱟᱨᱰᱤ]] |- | 277 || [[ᱵᱷᱚᱜᱽᱞᱟ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 278 || [[ᱱᱤᱨᱢᱚᱞ ᱵᱤ. ᱠᱮ. ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 279 || [[ᱥᱟᱣᱱᱟ ᱢᱟᱨᱰᱤ]] |- | 280 || [[ᱜᱩᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 281 || [[ᱜᱩᱨᱩᱪᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱺᱡᱷᱤ]] |- | 282 || [[ᱥᱤᱵᱽᱞᱟᱞ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ|ᱥᱤᱵᱽᱞᱟᱞ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ 'ᱢᱩᱨᱩᱛ ᱵᱟᱦᱟ']] |- | 283 || [[ᱡᱚᱭᱫᱮᱵᱽ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 284 || [[ᱯᱤᱨᱩ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 285 || [[ᱡᱚᱜᱚᱱᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 286 || [[ᱞᱟᱪᱷᱩ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 287 || [[ᱠᱟᱹᱞᱤᱠᱤᱝᱠᱚᱨ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ]] |- | 288 || [[ᱵᱟᱹᱵᱩᱞᱟᱞ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ, ᱢᱮᱫᱽᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ|ᱵᱟᱹᱵᱩᱞᱟᱞ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] - ᱢᱮᱫᱽᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ |- | 289 || [[ᱥᱚᱝᱠᱚᱨ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 290 || [[ᱥᱨᱤᱡᱚᱞ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 291 || [[ᱜᱳᱯᱤᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱱᱰᱤ]] |- | 292 || [[ᱞᱟᱞᱢᱚᱦᱚᱱ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 293 || [[ᱠᱤᱝᱠᱚᱨ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 294 || [[ᱢᱤᱥᱴᱟᱨ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 295 || [[ᱯᱤᱛᱟᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 296 || [[ᱡᱚᱭᱨᱟᱢ ᱢᱟᱺᱡᱷᱤ]] |- | 297 || [[ᱡᱤᱥᱩᱨᱟᱢ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 298 || [[ᱨᱟᱢᱡᱤᱛ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 299 || [[ᱨᱟᱢᱠᱤᱝᱠᱚᱨ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 300 || [[ᱨᱟᱢᱩ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 301 || [[ᱨᱩᱯᱟᱹᱭ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 302 || [[ᱱᱚᱜᱮᱱᱫᱨᱚ ᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 303 || [[ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱠᱩᱨ ᱨᱟᱢ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |} === ᱵᱤᱫᱮᱥᱤ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ === {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! ᱮᱞ !! ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ |- | 1 || [[ᱡᱮᱨᱮᱢᱤᱭᱟ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱤᱯᱥ]] |- | 2 || [[ᱩᱴᱤᱥ ᱵᱮᱪᱞᱟᱨ]] |- | 3 || [[ᱤᱰᱣᱟᱨᱰ ᱥᱤ. ᱡᱚᱱᱥᱚᱱ]] |- | 4 || [[ᱤ. ᱮᱞ. ᱯᱟᱠᱥᱚᱞᱮ]] |- | 5 || [[ᱮᱯᱷ. ᱴᱤ. ᱠᱳᱞ]] |- | 6 || [[ᱤ. ᱡᱤ. ᱢᱮᱱ]] |- | 7 || [[ᱥᱤ. ᱟᱨ. ᱞᱮᱯᱥᱟᱥ]] |- | 8 || [[ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱨᱤᱪ ᱢᱮᱠᱥᱢᱩᱞᱟᱨ]] |- | 9 || [[ᱰᱚᱵᱽᱞᱩ ᱴᱤ. ᱥᱴᱳᱥ]] |- | 10 || [[ᱞᱟᱨᱚᱥ ᱳᱞᱥᱮᱱ ᱥᱠᱨᱮᱯᱥᱨᱩᱰ]] |- | 11 || [[ᱦᱟᱱᱥ ᱯᱮᱴᱮᱨ ᱵᱳᱨᱨᱮᱥᱮᱱ|ᱮᱪ. ᱯᱤ. ᱵᱳᱨᱮᱥᱚᱱ]] |- | 12 || [[ᱡᱚᱨᱡᱽ ᱟᱵᱽᱨᱟᱦᱟᱢ ᱜᱨᱤᱭᱚᱨᱥᱚᱱ]] |- | 13 || [[ᱦᱚᱨᱤᱝᱴᱚᱱ ᱢᱩᱥᱴᱚᱱ]] |- | 14 || [[ᱯᱟᱣᱩᱞ ᱳᱞᱟᱯᱷ ᱵᱚᱰᱤᱝ]] |- | 15 || [[ᱮ. ᱜᱨᱟᱦᱚᱢ]] |- | 16 || [[ᱳᱱᱰᱨᱮ ᱠᱮᱢᱯᱵᱮᱞ]] |- | 17 || [[ᱨᱟᱥᱢᱩᱥᱮᱱ ᱨᱳᱡᱮᱱᱞᱩᱱᱰ]] |- | 18 || [[ᱟᱨ. ᱮᱢ. ᱢᱮᱠᱯᱷᱟᱭᱮᱞ]] |- | 19 || [[ᱥᱤ. ᱮᱪ. ᱵᱳᱢᱯᱟᱥ]] |- | 20 || [[ᱨᱳᱵᱟᱨᱴ ᱠᱚᱨᱥᱴᱤᱭᱟᱨᱥ]] |- | 21 || [[ᱰᱚᱵᱽᱞᱩ. ᱡᱤ. ᱟᱨᱪᱟᱨ]] |- | 22 || [[ᱡᱚᱱᱵᱟᱯᱴᱤᱥᱴ ᱯᱟᱱᱤᱯᱤᱱᱴᱳ]] |- | 23 || [[ᱳᱞᱟᱵᱷ ᱦᱳᱰᱱᱮ]] |- | 24 || [[ᱯᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱵᱤ. ᱟᱱᱰᱮᱨᱥᱚᱱ]] |- | 25 || [[ᱣᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱢ ᱠᱮᱨᱤ]] |} === ᱫᱤᱠᱩ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ === {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! ᱮᱞ !! ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ |- | 1 || [[ᱮᱥ. ᱥᱤ. ᱢᱚᱡᱩᱢᱫᱟᱨ]] |- | 2 || [[ᱮᱥ. ᱥᱤ. ᱢᱤᱛᱨᱚ]] |- | 3 || [[ᱥᱩᱱᱤᱛᱟ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱱᱜᱩᱯᱛᱟ]] |- | 4 || [[ᱰᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱩ|ᱰᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱩ 'ᱥᱟᱹᱢᱤᱨ']] |- | 5 || [[ᱫᱷᱤᱨᱮᱱᱫᱽᱨᱚᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱥᱟᱦᱟ]] |- | 6 || [[ᱥᱚᱠᱛᱤᱥ ᱢᱩᱠᱷᱭᱚᱯᱟᱫᱷᱭᱟᱭ]] |- | 7 || [[ᱦᱨᱤᱫᱚᱭ ᱱᱟᱨᱟᱭᱚᱱ ᱢᱚᱱᱰᱚᱞ|ᱦᱨᱤᱫᱚᱭ ᱱᱟᱨᱟᱭᱚᱱ ᱢᱚᱱᱰᱚᱞ 'ᱚᱫᱷᱤᱨ']] |- | 8 || [[ᱪᱤᱛᱚᱨᱚᱱᱡᱚᱱ ᱞᱟᱦᱟ]] |- | 9 || [[ᱥᱩᱦᱨᱤᱫᱽ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱚᱣᱢᱤᱠ]] |- | 10 || [[ᱥᱩᱫᱷᱤᱨ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱛᱨᱚ]] |- | 11 || [[ᱚᱝᱠᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱟᱫᱽ]] |- | 12 || [[ᱞᱚᱠᱷᱤᱱᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ]] |- | 13 || [[ᱱᱤᱨᱢᱚᱞ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱵᱚᱨᱢᱟ]] |- | 14 || [[ᱥᱣᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱨᱟᱢᱟᱱᱤᱠ]] |- | 15 || [[ᱵᱨᱚᱡᱚᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨᱤ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ]] |- | 16 || [[ᱯᱟᱱᱱᱟᱞᱟᱞ ᱫᱚᱛᱚ]] |- | 17 || [[ᱞᱚᱠᱷᱢᱤᱱᱟᱨᱟᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱦᱩ]] |- | 18 || [[ᱜᱤᱨᱤᱫᱷᱟᱨᱤ ᱨᱟᱢ ᱜᱚᱣᱩᱸᱡᱷᱩ|ᱜᱤᱨᱤᱫᱷᱟᱨᱤ ᱨᱟᱢ ᱜᱚᱣᱩᱸᱡᱷᱩ 'ᱜᱤᱨᱤᱨᱟᱡᱽ']] |} == ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ == {| class="wikitable" |+ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ |- ! ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ !! ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ |- | [[ᱦᱚᱲ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱯᱮᱲᱟ]] || 1890 |- | [[ᱰᱷᱟᱹᱨᱣᱟᱹᱜ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱰᱷᱟᱹᱨᱣᱟᱹᱜ]] || 1890 |- | [[ᱯᱮᱲᱟᱦᱚᱲ|ᱯᱮᱲᱟᱦᱚᱲ]] || 1922 |- | [[ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ]] || 1941 |- | [[ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱛᱟᱵᱚᱱ]] || 1946 |- | [[ᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱚᱢᱵᱟᱫᱽ|ᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱚᱢᱵᱟᱫᱽ]] || 1947 |- | [[ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱱᱟᱹᱲᱤ]] || 1949 |- | [[ᱢᱳᱞᱳᱜ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱢᱳᱞᱳᱜ]] || 1949 |- | [[ᱟᱦᱞᱟ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱟᱦᱞᱟ]] || 1956 |- | [[ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱞ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ]] || 1957 |- | [[ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱛᱟᱵᱚᱱ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱛᱟᱵᱚᱱ]] || 1960 |- | [[ᱦᱟᱹᱨᱭᱟᱹᱲ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ]] || 1963 |- | [[ᱥᱟᱜᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱥᱟᱜᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ]] || 1965 |- | [[ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]] || 1956 |- | [[ᱥᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱰᱞᱮ]] || 1966 |- | [[ᱥᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱥᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ]] || 1969 |- | [[ᱫᱮᱵᱚᱱ ᱛᱤᱸᱜᱩᱱ]] || 1970 |- | [[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱱᱟ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱱᱟ]] || 1970 |- | [[ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ]] || 1971 |- | [[ᱡᱩᱜᱽ ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱡᱚᱞ]] || 1971 |- | [[ᱟᱹᱭᱩᱨᱤᱡ]] || 1971 |- | [[ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱡᱽᱵᱟᱱᱤ]] || 1971 |- | [[ᱮᱵᱷᱮᱱ]] || 1972 |- | [[ᱥᱩᱥᱟᱹᱨ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ]] || 1972 |- | [[ᱦᱟᱸᱥ ᱦᱟᱥᱤᱞ]] || 1974 |- | [[ᱛᱮᱛᱨᱮ]] || 1976 |- | [[ᱵᱤᱨ ᱥᱮᱸᱜᱮᱞ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱵᱤᱨ ᱥᱮᱸᱜᱮᱞ]] || 1976 |- | [[ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱞ ᱡᱟᱨᱯᱟ|ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱞ ᱡᱟᱨᱯᱟ]] || 1977 |- | [[ᱥᱟᱠᱣᱟ]] || 1977 |- | [[ᱞᱟᱝᱛᱤᱛᱤ]] || 1977 |- | [[ᱡᱤᱨᱤᱦᱤᱨᱤ]] || 1978 |- | [[ᱛᱟᱯᱟᱱ ᱫᱟᱜ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱛᱟᱯᱟᱱ ᱫᱟᱜ]] || 1978 |- | [[ᱩᱢᱩᱞ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ), ᱯᱩᱨᱩᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ|ᱩᱢᱩᱞ]] || 1978 |- | [[ᱟᱵᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱠᱩᱨᱩᱢᱩᱴᱩ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱟᱵᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱠᱩᱨᱩᱢᱩᱴᱩ]] || 1979 |- | [[ᱪᱤᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱪᱤᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ]] || 1979 |- | [[ᱴᱩᱣᱟᱹᱨ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱴᱩᱣᱟᱹᱨ]] || 1979 |- | [[ᱦᱤᱦᱤᱲᱤ ᱯᱤᱯᱤᱲᱤ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱦᱤᱦᱤᱲᱤ ᱯᱤᱯᱤᱲᱤ]] || 1979 |- | [[ᱞᱟᱹᱣᱲᱤᱭᱟᱹ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱞᱟᱹᱣᱲᱤᱭᱟᱹ]] || 1980 |- | [[ᱢᱳᱞᱳᱜ ᱤᱯᱤᱞ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱢᱳᱞᱳᱜ ᱤᱯᱤᱞ]] || 1980 |- | [[ᱡᱟᱝ ᱛᱤᱨᱭᱳ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱡᱟᱝ ᱛᱤᱨᱭᱳ]] || 1980 |- | [[ᱜᱚᱰᱮᱛ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱜᱚᱰᱮᱛ]] || 1980 |- | [[ᱯᱚᱸᱰᱜᱚᱰᱟ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱯᱚᱸᱰᱜᱚᱰᱟ]] || 1980 |- | [[ᱥᱩᱯᱩᱛᱩᱜ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱥᱩᱯᱩᱛᱩᱜ]] || 1980 |- | [[ᱥᱤᱸᱜᱟᱹᱲ ᱥᱟᱠᱣᱟ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱥᱤᱸᱜᱟᱹᱲ ᱥᱟᱠᱣᱟ]] || 1980 |- | [[ᱥᱤᱞᱤ]] || 1981 |- | [[ᱟᱨᱛᱟᱜᱚᱢ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱟᱨᱛᱟᱜᱚᱢ]] || 1981 |- | [[ᱨᱟᱹᱭᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫᱤ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱨᱟᱹᱭᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫᱤ]] || 1981 |- | [[ᱯᱤᱭᱳ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱯᱤᱭᱳ]] || 1981 |- | [[ᱡᱩᱜᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱩᱜᱽ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱡᱩᱜᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱩᱜᱽ]] || 1981 |- | [[ᱫᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱫᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ]] || 1981 |- | [[ᱵᱤᱨ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱵᱤᱨ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ]] || 1981 |- | [[ᱯᱚᱴᱚᱢ ᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱯᱚᱴᱚᱢ ᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ]] || 1981 |- | [[ᱢᱤᱫᱩ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱢᱤᱫᱩ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ]] || 1981 |- | [[ᱪᱟᱹᱭ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱟ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱪᱟᱹᱭ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱟ]] || 1981 |- | [[ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱱᱟ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱱᱟ]] || 1982 |- | [[ᱥᱟᱜᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱥᱟᱜᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ]] || 1982 |- | [[ᱡᱩᱜᱽ ᱡᱟᱨᱯᱟ]] || 1982 |- | [[ᱦᱩᱫᱤᱥ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱦᱩᱫᱤᱥ]] || 1982 |- | [[ᱨᱚᱯᱷᱟ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱨᱚᱯᱷᱟ]] || 1982 |- | [[ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱛᱟᱨᱟᱥ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱛᱟᱨᱟᱥ]] || 1982 |- | [[ᱦᱚᱲ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱦᱚᱲ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ]] || 1982 |- | [[ᱠᱩᱦᱩ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱠᱩᱦᱩ]] || 1983 |- | [[ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱞ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱞ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱞ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱞ]] || 1983 |- | [[ᱨᱤᱢᱤᱞ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱨᱤᱢᱤᱞ]] || 1984 |- | [[ᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱡᱽ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱡᱽ]] || 1984 |- | [[ᱜᱤᱨᱩ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱜᱤᱨᱩ]] || 1984 |- | [[ᱦᱟᱸᱥ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱞᱤ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱦᱟᱸᱥ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱞᱤ]] || 1984 |- | [[ᱥᱟᱨᱡᱚᱢ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱞ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱥᱟᱨᱡᱚᱢ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱞ]] || 1985 |- | [[ᱡᱩᱜᱽ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱡᱩᱜᱽ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ]] || 1985 |- | [[ᱨᱟᱭᱵᱟᱨ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱨᱟᱭᱵᱟᱨ]] || 1985 |- | [[ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱞ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱞ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ]] || 1985 |- | [[ᱩᱢᱩᱞ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ), ᱵᱚᱞᱚᱨᱟᱢᱯᱩᱨ|ᱩᱢᱩᱞ]] - ᱰᱳᱢᱟᱱ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟ || 1986 |- | [[ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱡᱽ ᱥᱟᱸᱫᱮᱥ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱡᱽ ᱥᱟᱸᱫᱮᱥ]] || 1986 |- | [[ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱡᱽ ᱥᱩᱥᱟᱹᱨ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱡᱽ ᱥᱩᱥᱟᱹᱨ]] || 1986 |- | [[ᱟᱦᱞᱟ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ), ᱵᱟᱸᱠᱩᱲᱟ|ᱟᱦᱞᱟ]] - ᱵᱟᱸᱠᱩᱲᱟ || - |- | [[ᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]] || 1986 |- | [[ᱵᱤᱸᱫᱤ ᱥᱩᱛᱟᱢ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱵᱤᱸᱫᱤ ᱥᱩᱛᱟᱢ]] || 1987 |- | [[ᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱤᱸᱫᱩᱨ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱤᱸᱫᱩᱨ]] || 1987 |- | [[ᱩᱱᱩᱨᱩᱢ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱩᱱᱩᱨᱩᱢ]] || 1987 |- | [[ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱢᱟᱨᱤᱠᱟ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱢᱟᱨᱤᱠᱟ]] || 1987 |- | [[ᱯᱷᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱠᱚᱭᱮᱞ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱯᱷᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱠᱚᱭᱮᱞ]] || 1987 |- | [[ᱥᱤᱨᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱢ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱥᱤᱨᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱢ]] || 1987 |- | [[ᱢᱮᱸᱫ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱢᱮᱸᱫ]] || 1987 |- | [[ᱠᱟᱢᱥᱟᱜ ᱟᱢ]] || 1988 |- | [[ᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ]] || 1988 |- | [[ᱡᱩᱣᱟᱹᱱ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱡᱩᱣᱟᱹᱱ]] || 1988 |- | [[ᱦᱚᱲ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱦᱚᱲ]] || 1988 |- | [[ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱨᱡᱚᱢ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱨᱡᱚᱢ]] || 1988 |- | [[ᱥᱟᱨᱡᱚᱢ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱥᱟᱨᱡᱚᱢ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ]] || 1988 |- | [[ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ]] || 1988 |- | [[ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]] || 1989 |- | [[ᱮᱵᱷᱮᱱ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱮᱵᱷᱮᱱ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ]] || 1988 |- | [[ᱥᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ), ᱵᱟᱸᱠᱩᱲᱟ|ᱥᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ]] ᱼ ᱵᱟᱸᱠᱩᱲᱟ || 1989 |- | [[ᱞᱟᱦᱟᱱᱛᱤ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱞᱟᱦᱟᱱᱛᱤ]] || 1989 |- | [[ᱛᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱛᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ]] || 1989 |- | [[ᱢᱟᱱᱣᱟ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱢᱟᱱᱣᱟ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ]] || 1990 |- | [[ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱥ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱥ]] || 1990 |- | [[ᱛᱤᱨᱭᱳ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱛᱤᱨᱭᱳ]] || 1990 |- | [[ᱢᱤᱨᱩ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ), ᱢᱚᱥᱟᱵᱚᱱᱤ|ᱢᱤᱨᱩ]] - ᱢᱚᱥᱟᱵᱚᱱᱤ || 1990 |- | [[ᱩᱨᱞᱟᱹᱣ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱩᱨᱞᱟᱹᱣ]] || 1990 |- | [[ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱣᱲᱤᱭᱟᱹ]] || 1990 |- | [[ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱥᱟᱨᱡᱚᱢ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ]] || 1990 |- | [[ᱵᱷᱩᱸᱭᱪᱟᱞ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱵᱷᱩᱸᱭᱪᱟᱞ]] || 1991 |- | [[ᱟᱺᱜᱤᱵᱷᱟᱨ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱟᱺᱜᱤᱵᱷᱟᱨ]] || 1991 |- | [[ᱛᱟᱨᱣᱟᱞᱤ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱛᱟᱨᱣᱟᱞᱤ]] || 1991 |- | [[ᱴᱟᱴᱣᱟᱥ]] || 1991 |- | [[ᱯᱚᱨᱟᱭᱱᱤ ᱥᱟᱲᱵᱟᱦᱟ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱯᱚᱨᱟᱭᱱᱤ ᱥᱟᱲᱵᱟᱦᱟ]] || 1991 |- | [[ᱵᱟᱭᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷ ᱠᱩᱱᱟᱹᱢᱤ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱵᱟᱭᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷ ᱠᱩᱱᱟᱹᱢᱤ]] || 1991 |- | [[ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱞ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱞ]] || 1991 |- | [[ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱽᱞᱮᱛ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱽᱞᱮᱛ]] || 1991 |- | [[ᱡᱟᱦᱮᱨᱜᱟᱲ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱡᱟᱦᱮᱨᱜᱟᱲ]] || 1991 |- | [[ᱜᱚᱰᱮᱛ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ), ᱠᱳᱞᱠᱟᱛᱟ|ᱜᱚᱰᱮᱛ]] - ᱠᱳᱞᱠᱟᱛᱟ|| 1992 |- | [[ᱡᱩᱜᱽ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱱᱟ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱡᱩᱜᱽ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱱᱟ]] || 1992 |- | [[ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ]] || 1992 |- | [[ᱥᱤᱵᱤᱞ ᱥᱟᱸᱫᱮᱥ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱥᱤᱵᱤᱞ ᱥᱟᱸᱫᱮᱥ]] || 1993 |- | [[ᱤᱯᱤᱞ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱤᱯᱤᱞ]] || 1993 |- | [[ᱪᱟᱪᱚ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱪᱟᱪᱚ]] || 1994 |- | [[ᱠᱚᱞᱚᱢ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱠᱚᱞᱚᱢ]] || 1994 |- | [[ᱚᱞᱚᱜ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱚᱞᱚᱜ]] || 1994 |- | [[ᱦᱤᱯᱤᱨᱤ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱦᱤᱯᱤᱨᱤ]] || 1994 |- | [[ᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱤᱸᱫᱩᱨ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱤᱸᱫᱩᱨ]] || 1994 |- | [[ᱪᱤᱴᱷᱤ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱪᱤᱴᱷᱤ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ]] || 1994 |- | [[ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱥᱟᱠᱣᱟ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱥᱟᱠᱣᱟ]] || 1995 |- | [[ᱦᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱦᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ]] || 1995 |- | [[ᱜᱤᱨᱟᱹ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ), ᱯᱩᱨᱩᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ|ᱜᱤᱨᱟᱹ]] - ᱯᱩᱨᱩᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ || 1995 |- | [[ᱟᱲᱟᱝ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱟᱲᱟᱝ]] || 1996 |- | [[ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ]] || 1997 |- | [[ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱱᱟ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱱᱟ]] || 1997 |- | [[ᱛᱮᱛᱟᱝ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱛᱮᱛᱟᱝ]] || 1998 |- | [[ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ), ᱵᱤᱫᱽᱫᱟᱥᱟᱜᱚᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ|ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]] - ᱵᱤᱫᱽᱫᱟᱥᱟᱜᱚᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ|| 1998 |- | [[ᱛᱟᱨᱟᱥ]] || 1999 |- | [[ᱦᱮᱸᱫᱮ ᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱦᱮᱸᱫᱮ ᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]] || 2000 |- | [[ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ]] || 2000 |- | [[ᱡᱤᱣᱤ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱡᱤᱣᱤ]] || 2000 |- | [[ᱫᱩᱞᱟᱹᱲᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱤᱥᱮᱨᱟ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱫᱩᱞᱟᱹᱲᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱤᱥᱮᱨᱟ]] || 2000 |- | [[ᱥᱟᱨᱛᱷᱤ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱥᱟᱨᱛᱷᱤ]] || 2000 |- | [[ᱨᱟᱹᱦᱤ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱨᱟᱹᱦᱤ]] || 2001 |- | [[ᱥᱤᱢᱨᱟᱜ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱥᱤᱢᱨᱟᱜ]] || 2001 |- | [[ᱫᱤᱥᱟᱹ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱫᱤᱥᱟᱹ]] || 2001 |- | [[ᱛᱮᱨᱟᱝ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱛᱮᱨᱟᱝ]] || 2001 |- | [[ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱲ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱲ]] || 2001 |- | [[ᱛᱚᱯᱚᱞ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱛᱚᱯᱚᱞ]] || 2003 |- | [[ᱩᱢᱩᱞ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱩᱢᱩᱞ]] || 2009 |- | [[ᱟᱹᱠᱤᱞ ᱜᱮᱭᱟᱱ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱟᱹᱠᱤᱞ ᱜᱮᱭᱟᱱ]] || 2004 |- | [[ᱥᱟᱸᱜᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱥᱟᱸᱜᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ]] || 2004 |- | [[ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱞ ᱡᱟᱦᱮᱨ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱞ ᱡᱟᱦᱮᱨ]] || 2005 |- | [[ᱥᱚᱸᱫᱷᱟᱭᱱᱤ]] || 2005 |- | [[ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱰᱚᱦᱚᱨ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱰᱚᱦᱚᱨ]] || 2005 |- | [[ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ), ᱦᱩᱜᱽᱞᱤ|ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ]] - ᱦᱩᱜᱽᱞᱤ || 2005 |- | [[ᱠᱩᱱᱟᱹᱢᱤ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ), ᱵᱷᱩᱵᱽᱱᱮᱥᱣᱟᱨ|ᱠᱩᱱᱟᱹᱢᱤ]] - ᱵᱷᱩᱵᱽᱱᱮᱥᱣᱟᱨ|| 2007 |- | [[ᱜᱟᱭᱜᱚᱢ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱜᱟᱭᱜᱚᱢ]] || 2007 |- | [[ᱯᱟᱸᱡᱟ (ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱯᱟᱸᱡᱟ]] || 2007 |- | [[ᱯᱚᱦᱚ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱯᱚᱦᱚ]] || 2007 |- | [[ᱫᱷᱟᱲᱠᱚᱭᱮᱞ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱫᱷᱟᱲᱠᱚᱭᱮᱞ]] || 2008 |- | [[ᱫᱮᱥ ᱫᱚᱨᱵᱟᱨ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱫᱮᱥ ᱫᱚᱨᱵᱟᱨ]] || 2008 |- | [[ᱥᱮᱛᱟᱜ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱥᱮᱛᱟᱜ]] || 2008 |- | [[ᱵᱟᱠᱡᱩᱞᱩ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱵᱟᱠᱡᱩᱞᱩ]] || 2009 |- | [[ᱯᱷᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱᱼ ᱵᱮᱣᱨᱟ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ|ᱯᱷᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ]] || 2009 |- | [[ᱦᱩᱞ ᱥᱟᱸᱫᱮᱥ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱦᱩᱞ ᱥᱟᱸᱫᱮᱥ]] || 2010 |- | [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] || 2011 |- | [[ᱦᱟᱸᱥ ᱦᱟᱥᱤᱞ]] || 1974 |- | [[ᱵᱷᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱫᱤᱭᱟᱲᱟ]] || 1981 |- | [[ᱵᱷᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱯᱚᱨᱟᱭᱱᱤ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱵᱷᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱯᱚᱨᱟᱭᱱᱤ]] || 1983 |- | [[ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]] || 1983 |- | [[ᱜᱟᱞᱟᱝ ᱜᱩᱞᱟᱹᱪᱷᱤ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱜᱟᱞᱟᱝ ᱜᱩᱞᱟᱹᱪᱷᱤ]] || 1983 |- | [[ᱵᱷᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱥᱟᱠᱣᱟ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱵᱷᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱥᱟᱠᱣᱟ]] || 1983 |- | [[ᱠᱟᱹᱯᱩᱨ ᱢᱩᱞᱤ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱠᱟᱹᱯᱩᱨ ᱢᱩᱞᱤ]] || 1983 |- | [[ᱦᱤᱨᱟᱹᱵᱟᱹᱛᱤ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱦᱤᱨᱟᱹᱵᱟᱹᱛᱤ]] || 1984 |- | [[ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱲ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ), ᱠᱚᱨᱚᱱᱰᱤ|ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱲ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ]] - ᱠᱚᱨᱚᱱᱰᱤ || 1984 |- | [[ᱠᱤᱸᱡᱷᱤᱨ ᱠᱚᱭᱮᱞ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱠᱤᱸᱡᱷᱤᱨ ᱠᱚᱭᱮᱞ]] || 1988 |- | [[ᱵᱷᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱦᱤᱨᱟᱹ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱵᱷᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱦᱤᱨᱟᱹ]] || 1989 |- | [[ᱡᱤᱭᱟᱹᱲ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱱᱟ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ), ᱱᱚᱞᱜᱚᱡᱟ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ|ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱱᱟ]] - ᱱᱚᱞᱜᱚᱡᱟ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ|| 1990 |- | [[ᱟᱥᱟ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ), ᱵᱤᱥᱥᱚ-ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛᱤ|ᱟᱥᱟ]] - ᱵᱤᱥᱥᱚ-ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛᱤ || 2015 |} == ᱯᱚᱨᱚᱵᱽ /ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟᱼᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ== * [[ᱢᱟᱜᱽ ᱥᱤᱢ]] * [[ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱯᱚᱨᱚᱵᱽ]] * [[ᱢᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱬᱮ]] * [[ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ]] * [[ᱮᱨᱚᱜ ᱥᱤᱢ]] * [[ᱦᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹᱲ ᱥᱤᱢ]] * [[ᱫᱟᱸᱥᱟᱭ]] * [[ᱥᱚᱦᱨᱟᱭ]] * [[ᱥᱟᱠᱨᱟᱛ]] * [[ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱵᱚᱝᱜᱟ ᱯᱟᱨᱟᱵᱽ|ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱢ]] * [[ᱨᱚᱦᱱᱤ]] * [[ᱡᱩᱜᱽᱱᱤ]] * [[ᱯᱟᱛᱟ]] * [[ᱟᱥᱟᱲᱤᱭᱟᱹ]] * [[ᱡᱟᱱᱛᱷᱟᱲ]] * [[ᱨᱩᱸᱰᱟᱹ ᱨᱚᱯᱚᱵᱽ]] * [[ᱟᱠᱷᱟᱱ]] == ᱮᱱᱮᱡ == * [[ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ]] * [[ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ]] * [[ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ]] * [[ᱫᱚᱸᱜᱮᱲ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ]] * [[ᱰᱟᱱᱴᱟ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ]] * [[ᱯᱷᱤᱨᱠᱟᱹᱞ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ]] * [[ᱵᱷᱩᱣᱟᱹᱝ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ]] * [[ᱫᱟᱸᱥᱟᱭ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ]] * [[ᱯᱟᱛᱟ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ]] * [[ᱞᱟᱜᱽᱬᱮ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ]] * [[ᱡᱟᱛᱨᱟ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ]] == ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ == * [[ᱫᱚᱝ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] * [[ᱞᱟᱜᱽᱬᱮ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] * [[ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] * [[ᱪᱷᱟᱹᱴᱭᱟᱹᱨ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] * [[ᱦᱩᱲᱩ ᱨᱚᱦᱚᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] * [[ᱦᱮᱲᱦᱮᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] * [[ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] * [[ᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] * [[ᱵᱟᱞᱟᱭᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] * [[ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] * [[ᱵᱟᱯᱞᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] * [[ᱯᱟᱛᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] * [[ᱨᱤᱸᱡᱷᱟᱹ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] * [[ᱫᱟᱸᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] * [[ᱥᱚᱦᱨᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] * [[ᱵᱩᱲᱦᱤ ᱜᱟᱹᱲᱤ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] * [[ᱜᱚᱡ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] * [[ᱫᱩᱨᱩᱢᱡᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] * [[ᱰᱟᱱᱴᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] * [[ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] * [[ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] ** [[ᱪᱩᱢ-ᱪᱩᱢᱵᱟᱹ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] ** [[ᱫᱟᱹᱦᱤ ᱴᱚᱱᱟ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] ** [[ᱜᱷᱳᱜᱷᱳᱨᱟᱱᱤ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] ** [[ᱥᱩᱱᱛᱩᱵᱩᱠᱩᱡ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] ** [[ᱞᱚᱠᱷᱟᱜᱩᱴᱤ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] == ᱨᱩ ᱥᱟᱯᱟᱵᱽ ᱠᱚ == * [[ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱨᱩ ᱥᱟᱯᱟᱵᱽ ᱠᱚ]] * '''ᱨᱟᱦᱟ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ''' ** [[ᱛᱤᱨᱭᱳ]] ** [[ᱥᱟᱠᱣᱟ]] ** [[ᱥᱤᱸᱜᱟᱹ]] ** [[ᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱤᱸᱜᱟᱹ]] ** [[ᱢᱟᱱᱫᱟᱱᱵᱷᱮᱲ]] * '''ᱛᱚᱞ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ''' ** [[ᱵᱷᱩᱣᱟᱹᱝ]] ** [[ᱥᱟᱲᱯᱟ]] ** [[ᱠᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱤ]] * '''ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ''' ** [[ᱜᱷᱚᱱᱴᱟ]] ** [[ᱴᱮᱭᱚᱝ]] ** [[ᱠᱚᱨᱛᱟᱞ]] ** [[ᱡᱷᱟᱸᱡᱷ]] ** [[ᱜᱷᱩᱝᱨᱟᱹ]] ** [[ᱛᱷᱟᱹᱲᱤ]] * '''ᱫᱟᱞᱚᱵᱽ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ''' ** [[ᱫᱩᱢᱫᱟᱜ]] ** [[ᱴᱟᱢᱟᱠ]] ** [[ᱰᱷᱚᱞ]] ** [[ᱰᱷᱟᱠ]] ** [[ᱪᱚᱲᱪᱚᱨᱤ]] * '''ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱢ''' ** [[ᱯᱷᱮᱱᱴᱚᱨ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱢ]] ** [[ᱫᱷᱚᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱢ]] == ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ == * [[ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱛᱭᱟᱹᱣ]] * [[ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ]] * [[ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ]] * [[ᱡᱟᱦᱮᱨ ᱟᱭᱳ]] * [[ᱡᱟᱦᱮᱨ ᱮᱨᱟ]] * [[ᱜᱚᱸᱥᱟᱭ ᱮᱨᱟ]] * [[ᱜᱚᱸᱥᱟᱬᱮ]] * [[ᱞᱤᱴᱟᱹ]] * [[ᱢᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ]] * [[ᱛᱩᱨᱩᱭ ᱠᱚ]] * [[ᱢᱚᱬᱮᱠᱚ-ᱛᱩᱨᱩᱭᱠᱚ]] * [[ᱜᱚᱨᱟᱢ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ]] * [[ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ]] * [[ᱴᱟᱺᱰᱤ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ]] * [[ᱦᱩᱨᱩᱛ ᱠᱷᱩᱱᱴᱩᱛ]] * [[ᱥᱤᱧ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ]] * [[ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱟᱭᱳ]] * [[ᱡᱟᱱᱛᱷᱟᱲ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ]] * [[ᱯᱟᱨᱜᱟᱱᱟ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ]] * [[ᱢᱟᱺᱡᱷᱤ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ]] * [[ᱟᱵᱽᱜᱮ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ]] * [[ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱹᱬ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ]] * [[ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ]] * [[ᱱᱟᱹᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ]] * [[ᱨᱚᱝᱜᱳᱨᱩᱡᱤ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ]] * [[ᱵᱟᱜᱷᱩᱛ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ]] * [[ᱥᱩᱫ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ]] * [[ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ]] * [[ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ]] * [[ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ]] == ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ == ===ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ=== * [[ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] * [[ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱤᱥ|ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] * [[ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ]] * [[ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱤᱥ|ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] * [[ᱢᱟᱨᱰᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱤᱥ|ᱢᱟᱨᱰᱤ]] * [[ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱤᱥ|ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] * [[ᱴᱩᱰᱩ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱤᱥ|ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] * [[ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱮ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱤᱥ|ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱮ]] * [[ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱤᱥ|ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ]] * [[ᱯᱟᱣᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱤᱥ|ᱯᱟᱣᱨᱤᱭᱟ]] * [[ᱪᱚᱬᱮ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱤᱥ|ᱪᱚᱬᱮ]] * [[ᱜᱚᱸᱰᱣᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱤᱥ|ᱜᱚᱸᱰᱣᱟᱨ]] 6df28vbkjbnm2j45qj0stbadiv5yknk 194447 194390 2026-07-13T11:46:54Z MT731 2184 194447 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="display: flex; flex-direction:row; flex-wrap: wrap; text-align:center; margin-bottom:1em; margin-top:1em; width:100%;"> <div style="flex: 1 1 auto; margin: 2px; padding: 10px; background-color: #5B9BD5; border-radius: 5px; min-width: 150px;">[[ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ:ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱒᱕ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ|<span style="color:#FFFFFF">'''ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ'''</span>]]</div> <div style="flex: 1 1 auto; margin: 2px; padding: 10px; background-color: #5B9BD5; border-radius: 5px; min-width: 150px;">[[ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ:ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱒᱕ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ/ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ|<span style="color:#FFFFFF">'''ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱢᱮ'''</span>]]</div> <div style="flex: 1 1 auto; margin: 2px; padding: 10px; background-color: #5B9BD5; border-radius: 5px; min-width: 150px;">[[ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ:ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱒᱕ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ/ᱱᱤᱭᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ|<span style="color:#FFFFFF">'''ᱱᱤᱭᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ'''</span>]]</div> <div style="flex: 1 1 auto; margin: 2px; padding: 10px; background-color: #C0E6FF; border-radius: 5px; min-width: 150px;">[[ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ:ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱒᱕ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ/ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱠᱟᱹ|<span style="color:#003366">'''ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱠᱟᱹ'''</span>]]</div> <div style="flex: 1 1 auto; margin: 2px; padding: 10px; background-color: #5B9BD5; border-radius: 5px; min-width: 150px;">[[ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ:ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱒᱕ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ/ᱚᱨᱡᱚ|<span style="color:#FFFFFF">'''ᱚᱨᱡᱚ'''</span>]]</div> </div> <div style="padding:2em; background:#C0E6FF; border-radius:8px;"> '''ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱠᱟᱹ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱨᱚᱝ ᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱛᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱤᱱ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱛ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱚᱞ ᱢᱮ᱾''' ᱵᱟᱝᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱟᱢ ᱠᱩᱥᱤ ᱡᱟᱦᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱥᱟᱛᱟᱢ ᱟᱛᱮ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱮᱢ ᱚᱞ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ == ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ == === ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ === {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! ᱮᱞ !! ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ |- | 1 || [[ᱢᱟᱺᱡᱷᱤ ᱨᱟᱢᱫᱟᱥ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ|ᱨᱟᱢᱫᱟᱥ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 2 || [[ᱨᱟᱭᱟ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 3 || [[ᱨᱩᱵᱮᱱ ᱨᱩᱥᱮᱱ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ]] |- | 4 || [[ᱥᱴᱮᱯᱷᱟᱱ ᱮᱪ. ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 5 || [[ᱥᱚᱞᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 6 || [[ᱡᱟᱠᱚᱵᱽ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 7 || [[ᱞᱩᱫᱟᱹᱭ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 8 || [[ᱱᱩᱠᱟ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱱᱰᱤ]] |- | 9 || [[ᱵᱟᱵᱩᱨᱟᱢ ᱵᱮᱧᱡᱟᱢᱤᱱ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ|ᱵᱟᱹᱵᱩᱨᱟᱢ ᱵᱮᱧᱡᱟᱢᱤᱱ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 10 || [[ᱪᱟᱹᱨᱩ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱥᱤᱝ ᱥᱤᱫᱩᱯ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 11 || [[ᱡᱳᱥᱮᱯᱷ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 12 || [[ᱵᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱲ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ|ᱵᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱲ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 13 || [[ᱠᱟᱹᱞᱩ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱱᱰᱤ]] |- | 14 || [[ᱰᱮᱰᱮᱢ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 15 || [[ᱦᱤᱠᱤᱢ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 16 || [[ᱯᱟᱣᱩᱞ ᱡᱩᱡᱷᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ|ᱯᱟᱹᱣᱩᱞ ᱡᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱨ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 17 || [[ᱪᱚᱭᱛᱚᱱᱭᱚ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ|ᱪᱚᱭᱛᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 18 || [[ᱨᱟᱢᱪᱟᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ|ᱨᱟᱢᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 19 || [[ᱠᱮ. ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ]] |- | 20 || [[ᱨᱟᱢᱪᱟᱸᱫᱽ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 21 || [[ᱢᱚᱝᱜᱚᱞ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 22 || [[ᱥᱟᱣᱱᱟ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 23 || [[ᱯᱚᱸᱰᱮᱛ ᱨᱟᱹᱜᱷᱩᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ|ᱨᱟᱹᱜᱷᱩᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 24 || [[ᱱᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 25 || [[ᱥᱭᱟᱢ ᱥᱩᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 26 || [[ᱯᱷᱚᱱᱤᱱᱫᱽᱨᱚᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟ]] |- | 27 || [[ᱜᱳᱯᱟᱞ ᱜᱟᱢᱟᱞᱤᱭᱟ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 28 || [[ᱥᱴᱤᱯᱷᱟᱱ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 29 || [[ᱨᱳᱵᱮᱱ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 30 || [[ᱪᱟᱹᱢᱯᱟᱹᱭ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 31 || [[ᱥᱣᱮᱛ ᱪᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 32 || [[ᱥᱚᱦᱫᱮᱵᱽ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱱᱰᱤ]] |- | 33 || [[ᱜᱳᱨᱟᱪᱟᱸᱫᱽ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 34 || [[ᱱᱟᱨᱟᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 35 || [[ᱥᱴᱤᱯᱷᱟᱱ ᱦᱤᱠᱤᱢ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 36 || [[ᱪᱷᱚᱴᱨᱟᱭ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ|ᱪᱷᱚᱴᱨᱟᱭ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 37 || [[ᱪᱩᱱᱠᱩᱨᱟᱢ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 38 || [[ᱵᱟᱰᱷᱟ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ]] |- | 39 || [[ᱡᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱪᱚᱬᱮ]] |- | 40 || [[ᱯᱚᱧᱪᱟᱱᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱰᱤ]] |- | 41 || [[ᱫᱚᱥᱚᱨᱚᱛᱷ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ|ᱫᱚᱥᱚᱨᱚᱛᱷ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 42 || [[ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱷᱟᱹᱭ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 43 || [[ᱥᱭᱟᱢ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 44 || [[ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱞᱟᱹ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 45 || [[ᱫᱤᱞᱤᱯ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 46 || [[ᱟᱫᱤᱛᱭᱚ ᱢᱤᱛᱨᱚ (ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱞᱤ)]] |- | 47 || [[ᱠᱮᱵᱚᱞᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 48 || [[ᱱᱟᱛᱷᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 49 || [[ᱢᱟᱱᱤᱠ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟ|ᱢᱟᱱᱤᱠ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟ 'ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱰᱟᱨ']] |- | 50 || [[ᱴᱤ ᱠᱮ ᱨᱟᱯᱟᱡᱽ|ᱛᱷᱤᱭᱳᱰᱚᱨ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ]] |- | 51 || [[ᱞᱚᱥᱚ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 52 || [[ᱵᱷᱟᱜᱽᱣᱟᱛ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ|ᱵᱷᱚᱜᱚᱵᱚᱛ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ 'ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱠᱩᱨ']] |- | 53 || [[ᱠᱩᱥᱛᱩᱨᱤ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 54 || [[ᱥᱟᱨᱚᱫᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱟᱫᱽ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ]] |- | 55 || [[ᱪᱤᱛᱩ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 56 || [[ᱰᱳᱢᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟ]] |- | 57 || [[ᱫᱷᱤᱨᱮᱱᱫᱨᱚᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱮ]] |- | 58 || [[ᱟᱱᱚᱱᱫᱚ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱟᱫᱽ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ|ᱟᱱᱚᱱᱫᱽ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱟᱫᱽ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ]] |- | 59 || [[ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱠᱩᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱟᱫᱽ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 60 || [[ᱨᱩᱯᱱᱟᱨᱟᱭᱚᱱ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ|ᱨᱩᱯᱱᱟᱨᱟᱭᱚᱱ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ 'ᱥᱭᱟᱢ']] |- | 61 || [[ᱡᱳᱛᱤᱞᱟᱞ ᱢᱟᱱᱰᱤ]] |- | 62 || [[ᱪᱚᱭᱛᱚᱱᱭᱚ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ|ᱪᱚᱭᱛᱚᱱᱭᱚ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱱᱰᱤ 'ᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ']] |- | 63 || [[ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱢᱚᱦᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 64 || [[ᱱᱩᱱᱩᱞᱟᱞ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 65 || [[ᱱᱤᱛᱭᱟᱱᱚᱱᱫᱚ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 66 || [[ᱠᱩᱥᱟᱹᱞ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱮ]] |- | 67 || [[ᱵᱤᱯᱤᱱ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 68 || [[ᱞᱩᱥᱟᱹᱨᱟᱢ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 69 || [[ᱵᱷᱚᱜᱟᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 70 || [[ᱡᱚᱞᱮᱥᱣᱚᱨ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ|ᱡᱚᱞᱮᱥᱣᱚᱨ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ 'ᱡᱚᱥ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱞ']] |- | 71 || [[ᱵᱟᱞᱠᱤᱥᱚᱨ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱤ|ᱵᱟᱞᱠᱤᱥᱚᱨ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱤ 'ᱟᱨᱢᱟᱱ']] |- | 72 || [[ᱜᱤᱨᱤᱡᱚᱞ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 73 || [[ᱨᱟᱢᱫᱩᱞᱟᱞ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 74 || [[ᱱᱟᱛᱷᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 75 || [[ᱥᱟᱞᱦᱟᱭ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 76 || [[ᱨᱟᱹᱜᱷᱩᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ|ᱨᱟᱹᱜᱷᱩᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ 'ᱮᱵᱷᱮᱱ ᱪᱮᱬᱮ']] |- | 77 || [[ᱫᱤᱜᱟᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ|ᱫᱤᱜᱚᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 78 || [[ᱵᱟᱹᱵᱩᱞᱟᱞ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ|ᱵᱟᱹᱵᱩᱞᱟᱞ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ 'ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ']] |- | 79 || [[ᱠᱷᱮᱞᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ]] |- | 80 || [[ᱥᱳᱵᱷᱟᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ]] |- | 81 || [[ᱠᱟᱹᱞᱤᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 82 || [[ᱥᱩᱨᱭᱟᱱᱚᱱᱫᱽ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 83 || [[ᱵᱤᱨᱟᱢ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟ]] |- | 84 || [[ᱜᱩᱦᱤᱨᱟᱢ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 85 || [[ᱡᱟᱜᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 86 || [[ᱨᱩᱯᱪᱟᱸᱫᱽ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 87 || [[ᱥᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 88 || [[ᱵᱷᱟᱹᱭᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟ|ᱵᱷᱟᱹᱭᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟ 'ᱪᱟᱥᱟ']] |- | 89 || [[ᱢᱮᱜᱷᱱᱟᱫ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ|ᱢᱮᱜᱷᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 90 || [[ᱥᱚᱫᱟᱜᱚᱨ ᱥᱤᱢᱚᱱᱛᱚ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱱᱰᱤ]] |- | 91 || [[ᱡᱚᱜᱚᱱᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 92 || [[ᱵᱟᱫᱚᱞ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ]] |- | 93 || [[ᱯᱷᱚᱴᱤᱠᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 94 || [[ᱵᱚᱭᱫᱭᱚᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱢᱟᱨᱰᱤ]] |- | 95 || [[ᱤᱡᱤᱠᱮᱞ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 96 || [[ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭᱞᱟᱞ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 97 || [[ᱪᱩᱱᱰᱟᱹ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 98 || [[ᱜᱳᱢᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱟᱫᱽ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 99 || [[ᱡᱚᱜᱮᱱᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 100 || [[ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱮᱱᱫᱩ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 101 || [[ᱛᱮᱡᱽᱱᱟᱨᱟᱭᱚᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 102 || [[ᱟᱢᱨᱤᱛ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟ|ᱟᱢᱨᱤᱛ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟ 'ᱫᱟᱵᱟᱱᱚᱞ']] |- | 103 || [[ᱦᱚᱨᱚ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱟᱫᱽ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 104 || [[ᱠᱚᱨᱱᱮᱞᱤᱭᱟᱥ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 105 || [[ᱜᱩᱨᱩᱪᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 106 || [[ᱞᱚᱠᱷᱤᱱᱟᱨᱟᱭᱚᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ|ᱞᱚᱠᱷᱤᱱᱟᱨᱟᱭᱚᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ 'ᱯᱟᱱᱤᱨᱯᱤᱭᱳ']] |- | 107 || [[ᱥᱚᱭᱞᱚᱡᱟᱱᱚᱱᱫᱚ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 108 || [[ᱚᱱᱟᱫᱤ ᱪᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 109 || [[ᱵᱷᱳᱡᱽᱨᱟᱭ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 110 || [[ᱨᱚᱵᱤᱞᱳᱪᱚᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 111 || [[ᱯᱟᱨᱟᱣ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 112 || [[ᱱᱚᱥᱠᱚᱨᱤ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 113 || [[ᱡᱭᱳᱛᱤᱞᱟᱞ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 114 || [[ᱨᱚᱵᱤᱞᱟᱞ ᱢᱟᱱᱰᱤ]] |- | 115 || [[ᱩᱫᱚᱭᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱢᱟᱹᱡᱷᱤ]] |- | 116 || [[ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 117 || [[ᱢᱟᱹᱡᱷᱤᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ|ᱢᱟᱹᱡᱷᱤᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ 'ᱞᱟᱣᱲᱤᱭᱟ']] |- | 118 || [[ᱥᱚᱨᱵᱮᱥᱣᱚᱨ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 119 || [[ᱥᱭᱟᱢ ᱪᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱱᱰᱤ]] |- | 120 || [[ᱥᱤᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ|ᱥᱤᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ 'ᱥᱤᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ']] |- | 121 || [[ᱥᱴᱮᱱᱥᱤᱞᱟ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 122 || [[ᱤᱱᱫᱽᱨᱚᱱᱟᱨᱟᱭᱚᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 123 || [[ᱤᱥᱣᱚᱨ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 124 || [[ᱢᱚᱫᱚᱱ ᱢᱳᱦᱚᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ|ᱢᱚᱫᱚᱱ ᱢᱳᱦᱚᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ 'ᱞᱟᱝᱛᱤᱛᱤ']] |- | 125 || [[ᱠᱩᱥᱟᱹᱞ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 126 || [[ᱢᱚᱱᱰᱚᱞ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 127 || [[ᱱᱚᱱᱫᱽᱠᱤᱥᱚᱨ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ]] |- | 128 || [[ᱦᱚᱨᱢᱚᱱ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ|ᱦᱚᱨᱢᱚᱱ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ 'ᱢᱟᱥᱛᱟᱱᱟ']] |- | 129 || [[ᱱᱚᱵᱤᱱ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ]] |- | 130 || [[ᱥᱩᱵᱚᱞ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 131 || [[ᱨᱟᱢᱠᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ|ᱨᱟᱢᱠᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ 'ᱥᱮᱫᱟᱭᱥᱤᱨᱤᱡᱚᱞ']] |- | 132 || [[ᱨᱚᱵᱤᱞᱟᱞ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 133 || [[ᱨᱟᱢᱫᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 134 || [[ᱫᱩᱨᱵᱤᱱ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 135 || [[ᱵᱤᱱᱳᱫᱽ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 136 || [[ᱡᱟᱢᱟᱫᱟᱨ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ]] |- | 137 || [[ᱡᱚᱫᱩᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 138 || [[ᱵᱤᱢᱚᱞ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 139 || [[ᱵᱷᱟᱫᱳ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 140 || [[ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱫᱮᱵᱽ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟ]] |- | 141 || [[ᱡᱚᱜᱚᱱᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ|ᱡᱚᱜᱚᱱᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ 'ᱠᱟᱡᱽᱞᱤ']] |- | 142 || [[ᱵᱟᱥᱩᱫᱮᱵᱽ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ]] |- | 143 || [[ᱨᱟᱵᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱮ]] |- | 144 || [[ᱵᱚᱲᱚᱨᱟᱢ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ|ᱵᱚᱞᱚᱨᱟᱢ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 145 || [[ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱚ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 146 || [[ᱚᱨᱡᱩᱱ ᱪᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 147 || [[ᱥᱩᱠᱪᱟᱸᱫᱽ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱮ]] |- | 148 || [[ᱩᱯᱮᱱ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ]] |- | 149 || [[ᱥᱟᱞᱠᱷᱩ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 150 || [[ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱱ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 151 || [[ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱱᱫᱽᱨᱚᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱢᱟᱱᱰᱤ]] |- | 152 || [[ᱨᱚᱢᱮᱥ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ]] |- | 153 || [[ᱱᱚᱨᱮᱱ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ]] |- | 154 || [[ᱜᱚᱣᱩᱨᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 155 || [[ᱞᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱱᱰᱤ]] |- | 156 || [[ᱫᱩᱨᱜᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱟᱫᱽ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 157 || [[ᱨᱚᱵᱤᱱᱫᱽᱨᱚᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 158 || [[ᱥᱩᱫᱷᱤᱨ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 159 || [[ᱠᱤᱥᱚᱨᱤ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 160 || [[ᱵᱤᱨᱵᱚᱞ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 161 || [[ᱥᱟᱞᱠᱷᱩ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 162 || [[ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱢᱚᱞ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ|ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱢᱚᱞ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ (ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ)]] |- | 163 || [[ᱥᱚᱱᱟ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 164 || [[ᱠᱟᱞᱤᱯᱚᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ|ᱠᱟᱞᱤᱯᱚᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ (ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱞ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ)]] |- | 165 || [[ᱞᱚᱠᱠᱷᱤ ᱱᱟᱨᱟᱭᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱮ|ᱞᱚᱠᱷᱢᱤᱱᱟᱨᱟᱭᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱮ 'ᱞᱚᱵᱽ']] |- | 166 || [[ᱵᱟᱫᱚᱞ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 167 || [[ᱫᱩᱜᱟᱭ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 168 || [[ᱥᱚᱦᱫᱮᱵᱽ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ]] |- | 169 || [[ᱵᱚᱭᱫᱭᱚᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ|ᱵᱚᱭᱫᱭᱚᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ 'ᱠᱟᱥᱟᱭ ᱠᱩᱣᱟᱹᱨᱤ']] |- | 170 || [[ᱚᱵᱤᱱᱟᱥ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 171 || [[ᱨᱚᱛᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 172 || [[ᱦᱚᱨᱤᱦᱚᱨ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟ]] |- | 173 || [[ᱥᱟᱨᱚᱫᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱟᱫᱽ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ (ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱞ ᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤᱭᱟᱹ)|ᱥᱟᱨᱚᱫᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱟᱫᱽ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ 'ᱠᱷᱮᱵᱟ']] |- | 174 || [[ᱥᱩᱥᱤᱞ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ|ᱥᱩᱥᱤᱞ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ 'ᱥᱮᱵᱮᱞ ᱥᱟᱨᱡᱚᱢ']] |- | 175 || [[ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱩ ᱢᱟᱹᱡᱷᱤ|ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱩ ᱢᱟᱹᱡᱷᱤ 'ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ']] |- | 176 || [[ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱤᱢᱚᱭ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 177 || [[ᱥᱳᱢᱟᱭ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ]] |- | 178 || [[ᱥᱤᱝᱨᱟᱭ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ]] |- | 179 || [[ᱥᱚᱱᱟᱛᱚᱱ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 180 || [[ᱵᱟᱫᱚᱞ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 181 || [[ᱥᱭᱟᱢ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ|ᱥᱭᱟᱢ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ ᱡᱤᱣᱤ 'ᱨᱟᱲᱮᱡ']] |- | 182 || [[ᱥᱭᱟᱢ ᱪᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 183 || [[ᱱᱚᱨᱮᱱᱫᱽᱨᱚᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 184 || [[ᱥᱚᱢᱵᱷᱩᱪᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 185 || [[ᱨᱩᱯᱪᱟᱸᱫᱽ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 186 || [[ᱢᱟᱱᱥᱤᱝ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 187 || [[ᱪᱩᱱᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 188 || [[ᱠᱤᱥᱩᱱ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 189 || [[ᱚᱱᱤᱞ ᱴᱤᱢᱳᱛᱷᱤ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 190 || [[ᱡᱚᱫᱩᱢᱚᱬᱤ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ|ᱡᱚᱫᱩᱢᱚᱱᱤ ᱢᱮᱥᱨᱟ]] |- | 191 || [[ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱷᱟᱹᱭ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱮ]] |- | 192 || [[ᱨᱟᱢᱫᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ|ᱨᱟᱢᱫᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ 'ᱡᱩᱦᱩᱢ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ']] |- | 193 || [[ᱡᱚᱥᱳᱫᱟ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 194 || [[ᱱᱤᱥᱤᱛᱷ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 195 || [[ᱵᱚᱭᱫᱭᱚᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 196 || [[ᱯᱤ.ᱥᱤ. ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ]] |- | 197 || [[ᱵᱤᱡᱚᱭ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 198 || [[ᱥᱩᱱᱤᱞ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ|ᱥᱩᱱᱤᱞ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ 'ᱫᱤᱞᱠᱷᱩᱥ']] |- | 199 || [[ᱥᱩᱱᱤᱞ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ (ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ)|ᱥᱩᱱᱤᱞ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 200 || [[ᱪᱚᱱᱰᱤ ᱪᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ|ᱪᱚᱱᱰᱤᱪᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ 'ᱞᱮᱴᱮᱥᱤᱝ']] |- | 201 || [[ᱯᱚᱨᱚᱢᱮᱥᱣᱚᱨ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 202 || [[ᱡᱳᱵᱟ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 203 || [[ᱨᱟᱢᱥᱩᱱᱫᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱮ]] |- | 204 || [[ᱯᱚᱫᱽᱭᱚᱞᱳᱪᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱮ]] |- | 205 || [[ᱞᱚᱠᱷᱢᱤᱱᱟᱨᱟᱭᱚᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 206 || [[ᱜᱚᱣᱩᱨᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ|ᱜᱚᱣᱩᱨᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ 'ᱱᱮᱥᱚᱱᱟᱞ']] |- | 207 || [[ᱥᱤᱵᱩ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ (ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ)|ᱥᱤᱵᱩ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 208 || [[ᱫᱣᱤᱡᱽᱯᱚᱫᱚ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟ]] |- | 209 || [[ᱫᱷᱚᱱᱮᱥᱣᱚᱨ ᱢᱟᱺᱡᱷᱤ]] |- | 210 || [[ᱵᱟᱹᱵᱩᱞᱟᱞ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 211 || [[ᱡᱚᱥᱳᱫᱟ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 212 || [[ᱥᱭᱟᱢ ᱥᱤᱹ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 213 || [[ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 214 || [[ᱥᱩᱨᱡᱚ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 215 || [[ᱥᱚᱱᱚᱛᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱮ]] |- | 216 || [[ᱯᱨᱳᱢᱤᱞᱟ ᱨᱩᱛᱷ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ|ᱯᱨᱳᱢᱤᱞᱟ ᱨᱩᱛᱷ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ 'ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱴᱤᱪᱟᱨ']] |- | 217 || [[ᱢᱚᱱᱥᱟ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 218 || [[ᱥᱤᱠᱢᱟᱹᱞ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 219 || [[ᱵᱮᱱᱤᱯᱷᱨᱮᱰ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 220 || [[ᱢᱤᱞᱚᱱ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 221 || [[ᱵᱷᱤᱢᱥᱮᱱ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 222 || [[ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱚ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 223 || [[ᱥᱩᱵᱷᱟᱥ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 224 || [[ᱢᱚᱱᱳᱦᱚᱨ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 225 || [[ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱢᱚᱣᱞᱮᱥᱣᱚᱨ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱱᱰᱤ]] |- | 226 || [[ᱠᱷᱚᱜᱮᱱᱫᱨᱚ ᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 227 || [[ᱫᱚᱞᱯᱚᱛᱤ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 228 || [[ᱥᱚᱪᱤᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱰᱤ|ᱥᱚᱪᱤᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱰᱤ'ᱱᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ']] |- | 229 || [[ᱠᱟᱞᱤ ᱪᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 230 || [[ᱵᱷᱚᱜᱚᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 231 || [[ᱫᱚᱥᱚᱨᱚᱛᱷ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 232 || [[ᱥᱚᱦᱫᱮᱵᱽ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ]] |- | 233 || [[ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱱᱤ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 234 || [[ᱨᱟᱢᱮᱥᱣᱚᱨ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 235 || [[ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱫᱮᱵᱽ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 236 || [[ᱡᱚᱭᱨᱟᱢ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 237 || [[ᱵᱤᱢᱚᱞ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱮ]] |- | 238 || [[ᱨᱟᱢᱮᱥᱥᱚᱨ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ|ᱨᱟᱢᱮᱥᱥᱚᱨ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 239 || [[ᱵᱩᱫᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 240 || [[ᱦᱚᱨᱤᱯᱚᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 241 || [[ᱱᱤᱥᱤᱛᱷ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 242 || [[ᱵᱷᱚᱞᱟᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ]] |- | 243 || [[ᱨᱚᱱᱡᱚᱱ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 244 || [[ᱨᱟᱭᱥᱮᱱ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱮ]] |- | 245 || [[ᱥᱚᱢᱵᱷᱩ ᱢᱟᱹᱡᱷᱤ]] |- | 246 || [[ᱵᱤᱥᱱᱩᱯᱚᱫᱚ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ]] |- | 247 || [[ᱪᱚᱱᱰᱤ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 248 || [[ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱱᱚᱱᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 249 || [[ᱵᱤᱱᱳᱫᱽ ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨᱤ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 250 || [[ᱨᱟᱹᱜᱷᱩᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 251 || [[ᱱᱤᱠᱳᱫᱤᱢᱟᱥ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 252 || [[ᱵᱤᱥᱣᱚᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 253 || [[ᱫᱤᱠᱩ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 254 || [[ᱵᱤᱢᱚᱞ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 255 || [[ᱞᱚᱠᱠᱷᱤᱠᱟᱱᱛᱚ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 256 || [[ᱥᱤᱨᱚᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 257 || [[ᱵᱩᱫᱷᱨᱟᱢ ᱢᱟᱨᱰᱤ]] |- | 258 || [[ᱫᱩᱞᱤ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 259 || [[ᱮ. ᱠᱮ. ᱢᱟᱱᱰᱤ]] |- | 260 || [[ᱱᱚᱵᱤᱱ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 261 || [[ᱢᱤᱫᱩᱱ ᱢᱟᱱᱰᱤ]] |- | 262 || [[ᱱᱤᱨᱚᱱᱡᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟ]] |- | 263 || [[ᱛᱟᱨᱟᱥᱤᱧ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱮ]] |- | 264 || [[ᱨᱟᱢᱳ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 265 || [[ᱯᱟᱹᱞᱩᱨᱟᱢ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱮ]] |- | 266 || [[ᱵᱷᱟᱜᱽᱵᱚᱛ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ]] |- | 267 || [[ᱵᱟᱵᱽᱞᱩ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 268 || [[ᱨᱟᱢᱮᱥᱣᱚᱨ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 269 || [[ᱥᱩᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱟᱱᱰᱤ|ᱥᱩᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱟᱱᱰᱤ 'ᱵᱟᱡᱤᱵᱟᱡᱽᱠᱟᱨ']] |- | 270 || [[ᱱᱟᱛᱷᱩᱨᱟᱢ ᱢᱟᱱᱰᱤ]] |- | 271 || [[ᱥᱩᱫᱷᱤᱨ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ|ᱥᱩᱫᱷᱤᱨ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ 'ᱥᱩᱴᱩ']] |- | 272 || [[ᱜᱚᱱᱮᱥ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱠᱩᱨ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 273 || [[ᱢᱚᱝᱜᱚᱞ ᱢᱟᱺᱡᱷᱤ]] |- | 274 || [[ᱠᱷᱮᱛᱨᱚᱢᱚᱦᱚᱱ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 275 || [[ᱥᱳᱦᱟᱜᱤᱱᱤ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 276 || [[ᱥᱩᱢᱤᱛᱨᱟ ᱢᱟᱨᱰᱤ]] |- | 277 || [[ᱵᱷᱚᱜᱽᱞᱟ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 278 || [[ᱱᱤᱨᱢᱚᱞ ᱵᱤ. ᱠᱮ. ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 279 || [[ᱥᱟᱣᱱᱟ ᱢᱟᱨᱰᱤ]] |- | 280 || [[ᱜᱩᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 281 || [[ᱜᱩᱨᱩᱪᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱺᱡᱷᱤ]] |- | 282 || [[ᱥᱤᱵᱽᱞᱟᱞ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ|ᱥᱤᱵᱽᱞᱟᱞ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ 'ᱢᱩᱨᱩᱛ ᱵᱟᱦᱟ']] |- | 283 || [[ᱡᱚᱭᱫᱮᱵᱽ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 284 || [[ᱯᱤᱨᱩ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 285 || [[ᱡᱚᱜᱚᱱᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 286 || [[ᱞᱟᱪᱷᱩ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 287 || [[ᱠᱟᱹᱞᱤᱠᱤᱝᱠᱚᱨ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ]] |- | 288 || [[ᱵᱟᱹᱵᱩᱞᱟᱞ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ, ᱢᱮᱫᱽᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ|ᱵᱟᱹᱵᱩᱞᱟᱞ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] - ᱢᱮᱫᱽᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ |- | 289 || [[ᱥᱚᱝᱠᱚᱨ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 290 || [[ᱥᱨᱤᱡᱚᱞ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 291 || [[ᱜᱳᱯᱤᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱱᱰᱤ]] |- | 292 || [[ᱞᱟᱞᱢᱚᱦᱚᱱ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] |- | 293 || [[ᱠᱤᱝᱠᱚᱨ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |- | 294 || [[ᱢᱤᱥᱴᱟᱨ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 295 || [[ᱯᱤᱛᱟᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 296 || [[ᱡᱚᱭᱨᱟᱢ ᱢᱟᱺᱡᱷᱤ]] |- | 297 || [[ᱡᱤᱥᱩᱨᱟᱢ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 298 || [[ᱨᱟᱢᱡᱤᱛ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 299 || [[ᱨᱟᱢᱠᱤᱝᱠᱚᱨ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 300 || [[ᱨᱟᱢᱩ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱨᱚᱢ]] |- | 301 || [[ᱨᱩᱯᱟᱹᱭ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] |- | 302 || [[ᱱᱚᱜᱮᱱᱫᱨᱚ ᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] |- | 303 || [[ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱠᱩᱨ ᱨᱟᱢ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] |} === ᱵᱤᱫᱮᱥᱤ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ === {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! ᱮᱞ !! ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ |- | 1 || [[ᱡᱮᱨᱮᱢᱤᱭᱟ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱤᱯᱥ]] |- | 2 || [[ᱩᱴᱤᱥ ᱵᱮᱪᱞᱟᱨ]] |- | 3 || [[ᱤᱰᱣᱟᱨᱰ ᱥᱤ. ᱡᱚᱱᱥᱚᱱ]] |- | 4 || [[ᱤ. ᱮᱞ. ᱯᱟᱠᱥᱚᱞᱮ]] |- | 5 || [[ᱮᱯᱷ. ᱴᱤ. ᱠᱳᱞ]] |- | 6 || [[ᱤ. ᱡᱤ. ᱢᱮᱱ]] |- | 7 || [[ᱥᱤ. ᱟᱨ. ᱞᱮᱯᱥᱟᱥ]] |- | 8 || [[ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱨᱤᱪ ᱢᱮᱠᱥᱢᱩᱞᱟᱨ]] |- | 9 || [[ᱰᱚᱵᱽᱞᱩ ᱴᱤ. ᱥᱴᱳᱥ]] |- | 10 || [[ᱞᱟᱨᱚᱥ ᱳᱞᱥᱮᱱ ᱥᱠᱨᱮᱯᱥᱨᱩᱰ]] |- | 11 || [[ᱦᱟᱱᱥ ᱯᱮᱴᱮᱨ ᱵᱳᱨᱨᱮᱥᱮᱱ|ᱮᱪ. ᱯᱤ. ᱵᱳᱨᱮᱥᱚᱱ]] |- | 12 || [[ᱡᱚᱨᱡᱽ ᱟᱵᱽᱨᱟᱦᱟᱢ ᱜᱨᱤᱭᱚᱨᱥᱚᱱ]] |- | 13 || [[ᱦᱚᱨᱤᱝᱴᱚᱱ ᱢᱩᱥᱴᱚᱱ]] |- | 14 || [[ᱯᱟᱣᱩᱞ ᱳᱞᱟᱯᱷ ᱵᱚᱰᱤᱝ]] |- | 15 || [[ᱮ. ᱜᱨᱟᱦᱚᱢ]] |- | 16 || [[ᱳᱱᱰᱨᱮ ᱠᱮᱢᱯᱵᱮᱞ]] |- | 17 || [[ᱨᱟᱥᱢᱩᱥᱮᱱ ᱨᱳᱡᱮᱱᱞᱩᱱᱰ]] |- | 18 || [[ᱟᱨ. ᱮᱢ. ᱢᱮᱠᱯᱷᱟᱭᱮᱞ]] |- | 19 || [[ᱥᱤ. ᱮᱪ. ᱵᱳᱢᱯᱟᱥ]] |- | 20 || [[ᱨᱳᱵᱟᱨᱴ ᱠᱚᱨᱥᱴᱤᱭᱟᱨᱥ]] |- | 21 || [[ᱰᱚᱵᱽᱞᱩ. ᱡᱤ. ᱟᱨᱪᱟᱨ]] |- | 22 || [[ᱡᱚᱱᱵᱟᱯᱴᱤᱥᱴ ᱯᱟᱱᱤᱯᱤᱱᱴᱳ]] |- | 23 || [[ᱳᱞᱟᱵᱷ ᱦᱳᱰᱱᱮ]] |- | 24 || [[ᱯᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱵᱤ. ᱟᱱᱰᱮᱨᱥᱚᱱ]] |- | 25 || [[ᱣᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱢ ᱠᱮᱨᱤ]] |} === ᱫᱤᱠᱩ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ === {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! ᱮᱞ !! ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ |- | 1 || [[ᱮᱥ. ᱥᱤ. ᱢᱚᱡᱩᱢᱫᱟᱨ]] |- | 2 || [[ᱮᱥ. ᱥᱤ. ᱢᱤᱛᱨᱚ]] |- | 3 || [[ᱥᱩᱱᱤᱛᱟ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱱᱜᱩᱯᱛᱟ]] |- | 4 || [[ᱰᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱩ|ᱰᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱩ 'ᱥᱟᱹᱢᱤᱨ']] |- | 5 || [[ᱫᱷᱤᱨᱮᱱᱫᱽᱨᱚᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱥᱟᱦᱟ]] |- | 6 || [[ᱥᱚᱠᱛᱤᱥ ᱢᱩᱠᱷᱭᱚᱯᱟᱫᱷᱭᱟᱭ]] |- | 7 || [[ᱦᱨᱤᱫᱚᱭ ᱱᱟᱨᱟᱭᱚᱱ ᱢᱚᱱᱰᱚᱞ|ᱦᱨᱤᱫᱚᱭ ᱱᱟᱨᱟᱭᱚᱱ ᱢᱚᱱᱰᱚᱞ 'ᱚᱫᱷᱤᱨ']] |- | 8 || [[ᱪᱤᱛᱚᱨᱚᱱᱡᱚᱱ ᱞᱟᱦᱟ]] |- | 9 || [[ᱥᱩᱦᱨᱤᱫᱽ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱚᱣᱢᱤᱠ]] |- | 10 || [[ᱥᱩᱫᱷᱤᱨ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱛᱨᱚ]] |- | 11 || [[ᱚᱝᱠᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱟᱫᱽ]] |- | 12 || [[ᱞᱚᱠᱷᱤᱱᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ]] |- | 13 || [[ᱱᱤᱨᱢᱚᱞ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱵᱚᱨᱢᱟ]] |- | 14 || [[ᱥᱣᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱨᱟᱢᱟᱱᱤᱠ]] |- | 15 || [[ᱵᱨᱚᱡᱚᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨᱤ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ]] |- | 16 || [[ᱯᱟᱱᱱᱟᱞᱟᱞ ᱫᱚᱛᱚ]] |- | 17 || [[ᱞᱚᱠᱷᱢᱤᱱᱟᱨᱟᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱦᱩ]] |- | 18 || [[ᱜᱤᱨᱤᱫᱷᱟᱨᱤ ᱨᱟᱢ ᱜᱚᱣᱩᱸᱡᱷᱩ|ᱜᱤᱨᱤᱫᱷᱟᱨᱤ ᱨᱟᱢ ᱜᱚᱣᱩᱸᱡᱷᱩ 'ᱜᱤᱨᱤᱨᱟᱡᱽ']] |} == ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ == {| class="wikitable" |+ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ |- ! ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ !! ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ |- | [[ᱦᱚᱲ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱯᱮᱲᱟ]] || 1890 |- | [[ᱰᱷᱟᱹᱨᱣᱟᱹᱜ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱰᱷᱟᱹᱨᱣᱟᱹᱜ]] || 1890 |- | [[ᱯᱮᱲᱟᱦᱚᱲ|ᱯᱮᱲᱟᱦᱚᱲ]] || 1922 |- | [[ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ]] || 1941 |- | [[ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱛᱟᱵᱚᱱ]] || 1946 |- | [[ᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱚᱢᱵᱟᱫᱽ|ᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱚᱢᱵᱟᱫᱽ]] || 1947 |- | [[ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱱᱟᱹᱲᱤ]] || 1949 |- | [[ᱢᱳᱞᱳᱜ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱢᱳᱞᱳᱜ]] || 1949 |- | [[ᱟᱦᱞᱟ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱟᱦᱞᱟ]] || 1956 |- | [[ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱞ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ]] || 1957 |- | [[ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱛᱟᱵᱚᱱ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱛᱟᱵᱚᱱ]] || 1960 |- | [[ᱦᱟᱹᱨᱭᱟᱹᱲ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ]] || 1963 |- | [[ᱥᱟᱜᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱥᱟᱜᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ]] || 1965 |- | [[ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ]] || 1956 |- | [[ᱥᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱰᱞᱮ]] || 1966 |- | [[ᱥᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱥᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ]] || 1969 |- | [[ᱫᱮᱵᱚᱱ ᱛᱤᱸᱜᱩᱱ]] || 1970 |- | [[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱱᱟ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱱᱟ]] || 1970 |- | [[ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ]] || 1971 |- | [[ᱡᱩᱜᱽ ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱡᱚᱞ]] || 1971 |- | [[ᱟᱹᱭᱩᱨᱤᱡ]] || 1971 |- | [[ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱡᱽᱵᱟᱱᱤ]] || 1971 |- | [[ᱮᱵᱷᱮᱱ]] || 1972 |- | [[ᱥᱩᱥᱟᱹᱨ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ]] || 1972 |- | [[ᱦᱟᱸᱥ ᱦᱟᱥᱤᱞ]] || 1974 |- | [[ᱛᱮᱛᱨᱮ]] || 1976 |- | [[ᱵᱤᱨ ᱥᱮᱸᱜᱮᱞ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱵᱤᱨ ᱥᱮᱸᱜᱮᱞ]] || 1976 |- | [[ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱞ ᱡᱟᱨᱯᱟ|ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱞ ᱡᱟᱨᱯᱟ]] || 1977 |- | [[ᱥᱟᱠᱣᱟ]] || 1977 |- | [[ᱞᱟᱝᱛᱤᱛᱤ]] || 1977 |- | [[ᱡᱤᱨᱤᱦᱤᱨᱤ]] || 1978 |- | [[ᱛᱟᱯᱟᱱ ᱫᱟᱜ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱛᱟᱯᱟᱱ ᱫᱟᱜ]] || 1978 |- | [[ᱩᱢᱩᱞ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ), ᱯᱩᱨᱩᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ|ᱩᱢᱩᱞ]] || 1978 |- | [[ᱟᱵᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱠᱩᱨᱩᱢᱩᱴᱩ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱟᱵᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱠᱩᱨᱩᱢᱩᱴᱩ]] || 1979 |- | [[ᱪᱤᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱪᱤᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ]] || 1979 |- | [[ᱴᱩᱣᱟᱹᱨ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱴᱩᱣᱟᱹᱨ]] || 1979 |- | [[ᱦᱤᱦᱤᱲᱤ ᱯᱤᱯᱤᱲᱤ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱦᱤᱦᱤᱲᱤ ᱯᱤᱯᱤᱲᱤ]] || 1979 |- | [[ᱞᱟᱹᱣᱲᱤᱭᱟᱹ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱞᱟᱹᱣᱲᱤᱭᱟᱹ]] || 1980 |- | [[ᱢᱳᱞᱳᱜ ᱤᱯᱤᱞ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱢᱳᱞᱳᱜ ᱤᱯᱤᱞ]] || 1980 |- | [[ᱡᱟᱝ ᱛᱤᱨᱭᱳ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱡᱟᱝ ᱛᱤᱨᱭᱳ]] || 1980 |- | [[ᱜᱚᱰᱮᱛ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱜᱚᱰᱮᱛ]] || 1980 |- | [[ᱯᱚᱸᱰᱜᱚᱰᱟ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱯᱚᱸᱰᱜᱚᱰᱟ]] || 1980 |- | [[ᱥᱩᱯᱩᱛᱩᱜ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱥᱩᱯᱩᱛᱩᱜ]] || 1980 |- | [[ᱥᱤᱸᱜᱟᱹᱲ ᱥᱟᱠᱣᱟ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱥᱤᱸᱜᱟᱹᱲ ᱥᱟᱠᱣᱟ]] || 1980 |- | [[ᱥᱤᱞᱤ]] || 1981 |- | [[ᱟᱨᱛᱟᱜᱚᱢ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱟᱨᱛᱟᱜᱚᱢ]] || 1981 |- | [[ᱨᱟᱹᱭᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫᱤ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱨᱟᱹᱭᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫᱤ]] || 1981 |- | [[ᱯᱤᱭᱳ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱯᱤᱭᱳ]] || 1981 |- | [[ᱡᱩᱜᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱩᱜᱽ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱡᱩᱜᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱩᱜᱽ]] || 1981 |- | [[ᱫᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱫᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ]] || 1981 |- | [[ᱵᱤᱨ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱵᱤᱨ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ]] || 1981 |- | [[ᱯᱚᱴᱚᱢ ᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱯᱚᱴᱚᱢ ᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ]] || 1981 |- | [[ᱢᱤᱫᱩ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱢᱤᱫᱩ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ]] || 1981 |- | [[ᱪᱟᱹᱭ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱟ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱪᱟᱹᱭ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱟ]] || 1981 |- | [[ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱱᱟ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱱᱟ]] || 1982 |- | [[ᱥᱟᱜᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱥᱟᱜᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ]] || 1982 |- | [[ᱡᱩᱜᱽ ᱡᱟᱨᱯᱟ]] || 1982 |- | [[ᱦᱩᱫᱤᱥ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱦᱩᱫᱤᱥ]] || 1982 |- | [[ᱨᱚᱯᱷᱟ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱨᱚᱯᱷᱟ]] || 1982 |- | [[ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱛᱟᱨᱟᱥ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱛᱟᱨᱟᱥ]] || 1982 |- | [[ᱦᱚᱲ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱦᱚᱲ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ]] || 1982 |- | [[ᱠᱩᱦᱩ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱠᱩᱦᱩ]] || 1983 |- | [[ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱞ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱞ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱞ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱞ]] || 1983 |- | [[ᱨᱤᱢᱤᱞ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱨᱤᱢᱤᱞ]] || 1984 |- | [[ᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱡᱽ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱡᱽ]] || 1984 |- | [[ᱜᱤᱨᱩ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱜᱤᱨᱩ]] || 1984 |- | [[ᱦᱟᱸᱥ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱞᱤ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱦᱟᱸᱥ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱞᱤ]] || 1984 |- | [[ᱥᱟᱨᱡᱚᱢ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱞ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱥᱟᱨᱡᱚᱢ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱞ]] || 1985 |- | [[ᱡᱩᱜᱽ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱡᱩᱜᱽ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ]] || 1985 |- | [[ᱨᱟᱭᱵᱟᱨ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱨᱟᱭᱵᱟᱨ]] || 1985 |- | [[ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱞ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱞ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ]] || 1985 |- | [[ᱩᱢᱩᱞ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ), ᱵᱚᱞᱚᱨᱟᱢᱯᱩᱨ|ᱩᱢᱩᱞ]] - ᱰᱳᱢᱟᱱ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟ || 1986 |- | [[ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱡᱽ ᱥᱟᱸᱫᱮᱥ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱡᱽ ᱥᱟᱸᱫᱮᱥ]] || 1986 |- | [[ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱡᱽ ᱥᱩᱥᱟᱹᱨ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱡᱽ ᱥᱩᱥᱟᱹᱨ]] || 1986 |- | [[ᱟᱦᱞᱟ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ), ᱵᱟᱸᱠᱩᱲᱟ|ᱟᱦᱞᱟ]] - ᱵᱟᱸᱠᱩᱲᱟ || - |- | [[ᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]] || 1986 |- | [[ᱵᱤᱸᱫᱤ ᱥᱩᱛᱟᱢ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱵᱤᱸᱫᱤ ᱥᱩᱛᱟᱢ]] || 1987 |- | [[ᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱤᱸᱫᱩᱨ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱤᱸᱫᱩᱨ]] || 1987 |- | [[ᱩᱱᱩᱨᱩᱢ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱩᱱᱩᱨᱩᱢ]] || 1987 |- | [[ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱢᱟᱨᱤᱠᱟ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱢᱟᱨᱤᱠᱟ]] || 1987 |- | [[ᱯᱷᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱠᱚᱭᱮᱞ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱯᱷᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱠᱚᱭᱮᱞ]] || 1987 |- | [[ᱥᱤᱨᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱢ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱥᱤᱨᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱢ]] || 1987 |- | [[ᱢᱮᱸᱫ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱢᱮᱸᱫ]] || 1987 |- | [[ᱠᱟᱢᱥᱟᱜ ᱟᱢ]] || 1988 |- | [[ᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ]] || 1988 |- | [[ᱡᱩᱣᱟᱹᱱ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱡᱩᱣᱟᱹᱱ]] || 1988 |- | [[ᱦᱚᱲ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱦᱚᱲ]] || 1988 |- | [[ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱨᱡᱚᱢ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱨᱡᱚᱢ]] || 1988 |- | [[ᱥᱟᱨᱡᱚᱢ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱥᱟᱨᱡᱚᱢ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ]] || 1988 |- | [[ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ]] || 1988 |- | [[ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]] || 1989 |- | [[ᱮᱵᱷᱮᱱ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱮᱵᱷᱮᱱ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ]] || 1988 |- | [[ᱥᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ), ᱵᱟᱸᱠᱩᱲᱟ|ᱥᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ]] ᱼ ᱵᱟᱸᱠᱩᱲᱟ || 1989 |- | [[ᱞᱟᱦᱟᱱᱛᱤ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱞᱟᱦᱟᱱᱛᱤ]] || 1989 |- | [[ᱛᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱛᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ]] || 1989 |- | [[ᱢᱟᱱᱣᱟ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱢᱟᱱᱣᱟ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ]] || 1990 |- | [[ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱥ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱥ]] || 1990 |- | [[ᱛᱤᱨᱭᱳ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱛᱤᱨᱭᱳ]] || 1990 |- | [[ᱢᱤᱨᱩ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ), ᱢᱚᱥᱟᱵᱚᱱᱤ|ᱢᱤᱨᱩ]] - ᱢᱚᱥᱟᱵᱚᱱᱤ || 1990 |- | [[ᱩᱨᱞᱟᱹᱣ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱩᱨᱞᱟᱹᱣ]] || 1990 |- | [[ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱣᱲᱤᱭᱟᱹ]] || 1990 |- | [[ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱥᱟᱨᱡᱚᱢ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ]] || 1990 |- | [[ᱵᱷᱩᱸᱭᱪᱟᱞ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱵᱷᱩᱸᱭᱪᱟᱞ]] || 1991 |- | [[ᱟᱺᱜᱤᱵᱷᱟᱨ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱟᱺᱜᱤᱵᱷᱟᱨ]] || 1991 |- | [[ᱛᱟᱨᱣᱟᱞᱤ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱛᱟᱨᱣᱟᱞᱤ]] || 1991 |- | [[ᱴᱟᱴᱣᱟᱥ]] || 1991 |- | [[ᱯᱚᱨᱟᱭᱱᱤ ᱥᱟᱲᱵᱟᱦᱟ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱯᱚᱨᱟᱭᱱᱤ ᱥᱟᱲᱵᱟᱦᱟ]] || 1991 |- | [[ᱵᱟᱭᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷ ᱠᱩᱱᱟᱹᱢᱤ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱵᱟᱭᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷ ᱠᱩᱱᱟᱹᱢᱤ]] || 1991 |- | [[ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱞ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱞ]] || 1991 |- | [[ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱽᱞᱮᱛ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱽᱞᱮᱛ]] || 1991 |- | [[ᱡᱟᱦᱮᱨᱜᱟᱲ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱡᱟᱦᱮᱨᱜᱟᱲ]] || 1991 |- | [[ᱜᱚᱰᱮᱛ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ), ᱠᱳᱞᱠᱟᱛᱟ|ᱜᱚᱰᱮᱛ]] - ᱠᱳᱞᱠᱟᱛᱟ|| 1992 |- | [[ᱡᱩᱜᱽ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱱᱟ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱡᱩᱜᱽ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱱᱟ]] || 1992 |- | [[ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ]] || 1992 |- | [[ᱥᱤᱵᱤᱞ ᱥᱟᱸᱫᱮᱥ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱥᱤᱵᱤᱞ ᱥᱟᱸᱫᱮᱥ]] || 1993 |- | [[ᱤᱯᱤᱞ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱤᱯᱤᱞ]] || 1993 |- | [[ᱪᱟᱪᱚ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱪᱟᱪᱚ]] || 1994 |- | [[ᱠᱚᱞᱚᱢ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱠᱚᱞᱚᱢ]] || 1994 |- | [[ᱚᱞᱚᱜ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱚᱞᱚᱜ]] || 1994 |- | [[ᱦᱤᱯᱤᱨᱤ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱦᱤᱯᱤᱨᱤ]] || 1994 |- | [[ᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱤᱸᱫᱩᱨ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱤᱸᱫᱩᱨ]] || 1994 |- | [[ᱪᱤᱴᱷᱤ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱪᱤᱴᱷᱤ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ]] || 1994 |- | [[ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱥᱟᱠᱣᱟ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱥᱟᱠᱣᱟ]] || 1995 |- | [[ᱦᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱦᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ]] || 1995 |- | [[ᱜᱤᱨᱟᱹ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ), ᱯᱩᱨᱩᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ|ᱜᱤᱨᱟᱹ]] - ᱯᱩᱨᱩᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ || 1995 |- | [[ᱟᱲᱟᱝ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱟᱲᱟᱝ]] || 1996 |- | [[ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ]] || 1997 |- | [[ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱱᱟ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱱᱟ]] || 1997 |- | [[ᱛᱮᱛᱟᱝ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱛᱮᱛᱟᱝ]] || 1998 |- | [[ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ), ᱵᱤᱫᱽᱫᱟᱥᱟᱜᱚᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ|ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]] - ᱵᱤᱫᱽᱫᱟᱥᱟᱜᱚᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ|| 1998 |- | [[ᱛᱟᱨᱟᱥ]] || 1999 |- | [[ᱦᱮᱸᱫᱮ ᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱦᱮᱸᱫᱮ ᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]] || 2000 |- | [[ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ]] || 2000 |- | [[ᱡᱤᱣᱤ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱡᱤᱣᱤ]] || 2000 |- | [[ᱫᱩᱞᱟᱹᱲᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱤᱥᱮᱨᱟ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱫᱩᱞᱟᱹᱲᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱤᱥᱮᱨᱟ]] || 2000 |- | [[ᱥᱟᱨᱛᱷᱤ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱥᱟᱨᱛᱷᱤ]] || 2000 |- | [[ᱨᱟᱹᱦᱤ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱨᱟᱹᱦᱤ]] || 2001 |- | [[ᱥᱤᱢᱨᱟᱜ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱥᱤᱢᱨᱟᱜ]] || 2001 |- | [[ᱫᱤᱥᱟᱹ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱫᱤᱥᱟᱹ]] || 2001 |- | [[ᱛᱮᱨᱟᱝ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱛᱮᱨᱟᱝ]] || 2001 |- | [[ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱲ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱲ]] || 2001 |- | [[ᱛᱚᱯᱚᱞ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱛᱚᱯᱚᱞ]] || 2003 |- | [[ᱩᱢᱩᱞ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱩᱢᱩᱞ]] || 2009 |- | [[ᱟᱹᱠᱤᱞ ᱜᱮᱭᱟᱱ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱟᱹᱠᱤᱞ ᱜᱮᱭᱟᱱ]] || 2004 |- | [[ᱥᱟᱸᱜᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱥᱟᱸᱜᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ]] || 2004 |- | [[ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱞ ᱡᱟᱦᱮᱨ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱞ ᱡᱟᱦᱮᱨ]] || 2005 |- | [[ᱥᱚᱸᱫᱷᱟᱭᱱᱤ]] || 2005 |- | [[ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱰᱚᱦᱚᱨ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱰᱚᱦᱚᱨ]] || 2005 |- | [[ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ), ᱦᱩᱜᱽᱞᱤ|ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ]] - ᱦᱩᱜᱽᱞᱤ || 2005 |- | [[ᱠᱩᱱᱟᱹᱢᱤ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ), ᱵᱷᱩᱵᱽᱱᱮᱥᱣᱟᱨ|ᱠᱩᱱᱟᱹᱢᱤ]] - ᱵᱷᱩᱵᱽᱱᱮᱥᱣᱟᱨ|| 2007 |- | [[ᱜᱟᱭᱜᱚᱢ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱜᱟᱭᱜᱚᱢ]] || 2007 |- | [[ᱯᱟᱸᱡᱟ (ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱯᱟᱸᱡᱟ]] || 2007 |- | [[ᱯᱚᱦᱚ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱯᱚᱦᱚ]] || 2007 |- | [[ᱫᱷᱟᱲᱠᱚᱭᱮᱞ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱫᱷᱟᱲᱠᱚᱭᱮᱞ]] || 2008 |- | [[ᱫᱮᱥ ᱫᱚᱨᱵᱟᱨ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱫᱮᱥ ᱫᱚᱨᱵᱟᱨ]] || 2008 |- | [[ᱥᱮᱛᱟᱜ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱥᱮᱛᱟᱜ]] || 2008 |- | [[ᱵᱟᱠᱡᱩᱞᱩ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱵᱟᱠᱡᱩᱞᱩ]] || 2009 |- | [[ᱯᱷᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱᱼ ᱵᱮᱣᱨᱟ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ|ᱯᱷᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ]] || 2009 |- | [[ᱦᱩᱞ ᱥᱟᱸᱫᱮᱥ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱦᱩᱞ ᱥᱟᱸᱫᱮᱥ]] || 2010 |- | [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] || 2011 |- | [[ᱦᱟᱸᱥ ᱦᱟᱥᱤᱞ]] || 1974 |- | [[ᱵᱷᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱫᱤᱭᱟᱲᱟ]] || 1981 |- | [[ᱵᱷᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱯᱚᱨᱟᱭᱱᱤ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱵᱷᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱯᱚᱨᱟᱭᱱᱤ]] || 1983 |- | [[ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]] || 1983 |- | [[ᱜᱟᱞᱟᱝ ᱜᱩᱞᱟᱹᱪᱷᱤ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱜᱟᱞᱟᱝ ᱜᱩᱞᱟᱹᱪᱷᱤ]] || 1983 |- | [[ᱵᱷᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱥᱟᱠᱣᱟ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱵᱷᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱥᱟᱠᱣᱟ]] || 1983 |- | [[ᱠᱟᱹᱯᱩᱨ ᱢᱩᱞᱤ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱠᱟᱹᱯᱩᱨ ᱢᱩᱞᱤ]] || 1983 |- | [[ᱦᱤᱨᱟᱹᱵᱟᱹᱛᱤ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱦᱤᱨᱟᱹᱵᱟᱹᱛᱤ]] || 1984 |- | [[ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱲ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ), ᱠᱚᱨᱚᱱᱰᱤ|ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱲ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ]] - ᱠᱚᱨᱚᱱᱰᱤ || 1984 |- | [[ᱠᱤᱸᱡᱷᱤᱨ ᱠᱚᱭᱮᱞ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱠᱤᱸᱡᱷᱤᱨ ᱠᱚᱭᱮᱞ]] || 1988 |- | [[ᱵᱷᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱦᱤᱨᱟᱹ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ)|ᱵᱷᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱦᱤᱨᱟᱹ]] || 1989 |- | [[ᱡᱤᱭᱟᱹᱲ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱱᱟ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ), ᱱᱚᱞᱜᱚᱡᱟ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ|ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱱᱟ]] - ᱱᱚᱞᱜᱚᱡᱟ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ|| 1990 |- | [[ᱟᱥᱟ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ), ᱵᱤᱥᱥᱚ-ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛᱤ|ᱟᱥᱟ]] - ᱵᱤᱥᱥᱚ-ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛᱤ || 2015 |} == ᱯᱚᱨᱚᱵᱽ /ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟᱼᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ== * [[ᱢᱟᱜᱽ ᱥᱤᱢ]] * [[ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱯᱚᱨᱚᱵᱽ]] * [[ᱢᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱬᱮ]] * [[ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ]] * [[ᱮᱨᱚᱜ ᱥᱤᱢ]] * [[ᱦᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹᱲ ᱥᱤᱢ]] * [[ᱫᱟᱸᱥᱟᱭ]] * [[ᱥᱚᱦᱨᱟᱭ]] * [[ᱥᱟᱠᱨᱟᱛ]] * [[ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱵᱚᱝᱜᱟ ᱯᱟᱨᱟᱵᱽ|ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱢ]] * [[ᱨᱚᱦᱱᱤ]] * [[ᱡᱩᱜᱽᱱᱤ]] * [[ᱯᱟᱛᱟ]] * [[ᱟᱥᱟᱲᱤᱭᱟᱹ]] * [[ᱡᱟᱱᱛᱷᱟᱲ]] * [[ᱨᱩᱸᱰᱟᱹ ᱨᱚᱯᱚᱵᱽ]] * [[ᱟᱠᱷᱟᱱ]] == ᱮᱱᱮᱡ == * [[ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ]] * [[ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ]] * [[ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ]] * [[ᱫᱚᱸᱜᱮᱲ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ]] * [[ᱰᱟᱱᱴᱟ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ]] * [[ᱯᱷᱤᱨᱠᱟᱹᱞ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ]] * [[ᱵᱷᱩᱣᱟᱹᱝ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ]] * [[ᱫᱟᱸᱥᱟᱭ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ]] * [[ᱯᱟᱛᱟ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ]] * [[ᱞᱟᱜᱽᱬᱮ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ]] * [[ᱡᱟᱛᱨᱟ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ]] == ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ == * [[ᱫᱚᱝ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] * [[ᱞᱟᱜᱽᱬᱮ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] * [[ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] * [[ᱪᱷᱟᱹᱴᱭᱟᱹᱨ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] * [[ᱦᱩᱲᱩ ᱨᱚᱦᱚᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] * [[ᱦᱮᱲᱦᱮᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] * [[ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] * [[ᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] * [[ᱵᱟᱞᱟᱭᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] * [[ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] * [[ᱵᱟᱯᱞᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] * [[ᱯᱟᱛᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] * [[ᱨᱤᱸᱡᱷᱟᱹ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] * [[ᱫᱟᱸᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] * [[ᱥᱚᱦᱨᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] * [[ᱵᱩᱲᱦᱤ ᱜᱟᱹᱲᱤ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] * [[ᱜᱚᱡ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] * [[ᱫᱩᱨᱩᱢᱡᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] * [[ᱰᱟᱱᱴᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] * [[ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] * [[ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] ** [[ᱪᱩᱢ-ᱪᱩᱢᱵᱟᱹ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] ** [[ᱫᱟᱹᱦᱤ ᱴᱚᱱᱟ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] ** [[ᱜᱷᱳᱜᱷᱳᱨᱟᱱᱤ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] ** [[ᱥᱩᱱᱛᱩᱵᱩᱠᱩᱡ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] ** [[ᱞᱚᱠᱷᱟᱜᱩᱴᱤ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] == ᱨᱩ ᱥᱟᱯᱟᱵᱽ ᱠᱚ == * [[ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱨᱩ ᱥᱟᱯᱟᱵᱽ ᱠᱚ]] * '''ᱨᱟᱦᱟ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ''' ** [[ᱛᱤᱨᱭᱳ]] ** [[ᱥᱟᱠᱣᱟ]] ** [[ᱥᱤᱸᱜᱟᱹ]] ** [[ᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱤᱸᱜᱟᱹ]] ** [[ᱢᱟᱱᱫᱟᱱᱵᱷᱮᱲ]] * '''ᱛᱚᱞ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ''' ** [[ᱵᱷᱩᱣᱟᱹᱝ]] ** [[ᱥᱟᱲᱯᱟ]] ** [[ᱠᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱤ]] * '''ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ''' ** [[ᱜᱷᱚᱱᱴᱟ]] ** [[ᱴᱮᱭᱚᱝ]] ** [[ᱠᱚᱨᱛᱟᱞ]] ** [[ᱡᱷᱟᱸᱡᱷ]] ** [[ᱜᱷᱩᱝᱨᱟᱹ]] ** [[ᱛᱷᱟᱹᱲᱤ]] * '''ᱫᱟᱞᱚᱵᱽ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ''' ** [[ᱫᱩᱢᱫᱟᱜ]] ** [[ᱴᱟᱢᱟᱠ]] ** [[ᱰᱷᱚᱞ]] ** [[ᱰᱷᱟᱠ]] ** [[ᱪᱚᱲᱪᱚᱨᱤ]] * '''ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱢ''' ** [[ᱯᱷᱮᱱᱴᱚᱨ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱢ]] ** [[ᱫᱷᱚᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱢ]] == ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ == * [[ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱛᱭᱟᱹᱣ]] * [[ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ]] * [[ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ]] * [[ᱡᱟᱦᱮᱨ ᱟᱭᱳ]] * [[ᱡᱟᱦᱮᱨ ᱮᱨᱟ]] * [[ᱜᱚᱸᱥᱟᱭ ᱮᱨᱟ]] * [[ᱜᱚᱸᱥᱟᱬᱮ]] * [[ᱞᱤᱴᱟᱹ]] * [[ᱢᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ]] * [[ᱛᱩᱨᱩᱭ ᱠᱚ]] * [[ᱢᱚᱬᱮᱠᱚ-ᱛᱩᱨᱩᱭᱠᱚ]] * [[ᱜᱚᱨᱟᱢ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ]] * [[ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ]] * [[ᱴᱟᱺᱰᱤ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ]] * [[ᱦᱩᱨᱩᱛ ᱠᱷᱩᱱᱴᱩᱛ]] * [[ᱥᱤᱧ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ]] * [[ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱟᱭᱳ]] * [[ᱡᱟᱱᱛᱷᱟᱲ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ]] * [[ᱯᱟᱨᱜᱟᱱᱟ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ]] * [[ᱢᱟᱺᱡᱷᱤ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ]] * [[ᱟᱵᱽᱜᱮ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ]] * [[ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱹᱬ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ]] * [[ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ]] * [[ᱱᱟᱹᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ]] * [[ᱨᱚᱝᱜᱳᱨᱩᱡᱤ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ]] * [[ᱵᱟᱜᱷᱩᱛ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ]] * [[ᱥᱩᱫ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ]] * [[ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ]] * [[ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ]] * [[ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ]] == ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ == ===ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ=== * [[ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ]] * [[ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱤᱥ|ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ]] * [[ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ]] * [[ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱨᱚᱢ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱤᱥ|ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱨᱚᱢ]] * [[ᱢᱟᱨᱰᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱤᱥ|ᱢᱟᱨᱰᱤ]] * [[ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱤᱥ|ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] * [[ᱴᱩᱰᱩ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱤᱥ|ᱴᱩᱰᱩ]] * [[ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱮ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱤᱥ|ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱮ]] * [[ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱤᱥ|ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ]] * [[ᱯᱟᱣᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱤᱥ|ᱯᱟᱶᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ]] * [[ᱪᱚᱬᱮ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱤᱥ|ᱪᱚᱬᱮ]] * [[ᱜᱚᱸᱰᱣᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱤᱥ|ᱜᱚᱸᱰᱣᱟᱨ]] spi0wkmpxrcmgwxjt2ebxu5am9gh9sj 0 36505 194339 193927 2026-07-12T17:24:58Z ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱗ 1744 /* ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ */ 194339 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox magazine | title = ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱞ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ | image = | editor = [[ᱩᱫᱚᱭᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱢᱟᱺᱡᱷᱤ]] | frequency = ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ | category = [[ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]] | language = ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ | script = ᱚᱞ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ | publisher = [[ᱟᱥᱮᱠᱟ]], ᱠᱷᱚᱲᱚᱜᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱪᱟᱸᱜᱟ | founded = ᱑᱙᱘᱕ | country = ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ }} '''ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱞ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ''' ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱘᱕ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱤᱡ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱫᱚᱭᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱡᱷᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱞ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱞᱤᱯᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ == ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ == ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱥᱮᱠᱟ (ASECA), ᱠᱷᱚᱲᱚᱜᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱪᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ <ref>ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱚ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ (᱒᱐᱒᱐) ᱾ ''ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱢᱚᱱᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱨᱟ'' (ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ) ᱾ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱟᱵᱚᱛᱤ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ ᱾ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ - ᱖</ref> ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱚᱥᱪᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱫᱤᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱡᱮᱞᱟ (ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱥᱪᱤᱢ ᱢᱮᱫᱤᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ) ᱠᱷᱚᱲᱚᱜᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱤᱢᱯᱩᱨᱟ ᱰᱟᱠ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ (ᱰᱟᱠᱜᱷᱚᱨ) ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱨᱟᱢᱵᱟᱛᱤ, ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱞᱰᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ <ref>ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱢᱚᱞ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ (ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ) ᱾ ''ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱞᱤ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱛᱛᱮᱨ ᱤᱛᱤᱦᱟᱥ'' (ᱢᱚᱱᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ) ᱾ ᱱᱤᱨᱢᱚᱞ ᱵᱩᱠ ᱮᱢᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱾ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ - ᱔᱑᱓᱾</ref> ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ (ᱯᱨᱚᱵᱷᱟᱣ) ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱛ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ (ᱵᱟᱝ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱫᱟ) ᱾ == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{Reflist}} [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:᱑᱙᱘᱕ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱚᱞᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱢᱮᱫᱤᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]] 1jksrljtgcsrtxxdpcgvyfvz7k8aljd 194340 194339 2026-07-12T17:25:38Z ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱗ 1744 /* ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ */ 194340 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox magazine | title = ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱞ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ | image = | editor = [[ᱩᱫᱚᱭᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱢᱟᱺᱡᱷᱤ]] | frequency = ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ | category = [[ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]] | language = ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ | script = ᱚᱞ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ | publisher = [[ᱟᱥᱮᱠᱟ]], ᱠᱷᱚᱲᱚᱜᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱪᱟᱸᱜᱟ | founded = ᱑᱙᱘᱕ | country = ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ }} '''ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱞ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ''' ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱘᱕ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱤᱡ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱫᱚᱭᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱡᱷᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱞ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱞᱤᱯᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ == ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ == ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱥᱮᱠᱟ (ASECA), ᱠᱷᱚᱲᱚᱜᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱪᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ <ref>ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱚ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ (᱒᱐᱒᱐) ᱾ ''ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱢᱚᱱᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱨᱟ'' (ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ) ᱾ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱟᱵᱚᱛᱤ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ ᱾ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ - ᱖</ref> ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱚᱥᱪᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱫᱤᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱡᱮᱞᱟ (ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱥᱪᱤᱢ ᱢᱮᱫᱤᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ) ᱠᱷᱚᱲᱚᱜᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱤᱢᱯᱩᱨᱟ ᱰᱟᱠ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ (ᱰᱟᱠᱜᱷᱚᱨ) ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱨᱟᱢᱵᱟᱛᱤ, ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱞᱰᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ <ref>ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱢᱚᱞ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ (ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ) ᱾ ''ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱞᱤ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱛᱛᱮᱨ ᱤᱛᱤᱦᱟᱥ'' (ᱢᱚᱱᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ) ᱾ ᱱᱤᱨᱢᱚᱞ ᱵᱩᱠ ᱮᱢᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱾ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ - ᱔᱑᱓᱾</ref> ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ (ᱯᱨᱚᱵᱷᱟᱣ) ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱛ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ (ᱵᱟᱝ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱫᱟ) ᱾ == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{Reflist}} [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:᱑᱙᱘᱕ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱚᱞᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱢᱮᱫᱤᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]] lot48mocncq9n7kx7uu8wyxp1ruwewb 194341 194340 2026-07-12T17:28:10Z ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱗ 1744 194341 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox magazine | title = ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱞ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ | image = | editor = [[ᱩᱫᱚᱭᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱢᱟᱺᱡᱷᱤ]] | frequency = ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ | category = [[ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]] | language = ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ | script = ᱚᱞ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ | publisher = [[ᱟᱥᱮᱠᱟ]], ᱠᱷᱚᱲᱚᱜᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱪᱟᱸᱜᱟ | founded = ᱑᱙᱘᱕ | country = ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ }} '''ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱞ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ''' ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱘᱕ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱤᱡ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱫᱚᱭᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱡᱷᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱞ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱞᱤᱯᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ == ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ == ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱥᱮᱠᱟ (ASECA), ᱠᱷᱚᱲᱚᱜᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱪᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ <ref>ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱚ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ (᱒᱐᱒᱐) ᱾ ''ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱢᱚᱱᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱨᱟ'' (ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ) ᱾ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱟᱵᱚᱛᱤ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ ᱾ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ - ᱖</ref> ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱚᱥᱪᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱫᱤᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱡᱮᱞᱟ (ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱥᱪᱤᱢ ᱢᱮᱫᱤᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ) ᱠᱷᱚᱲᱚᱜᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱤᱢᱯᱩᱨᱟ ᱰᱟᱠ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ (ᱰᱟᱠᱜᱷᱚᱨ) ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱨᱟᱢᱵᱟᱛᱤ, ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱞᱰᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ <ref>ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱢᱚᱞ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ (ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ) ᱾ ''ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱞᱤ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱛᱛᱮᱨ ᱤᱛᱤᱦᱟᱥ'' (ᱢᱚᱱᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ) ᱾ ᱱᱤᱨᱢᱚᱞ ᱵᱩᱠ ᱮᱢᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱾ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ - ᱔᱑᱓᱾</ref> ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ (ᱯᱨᱚᱵᱷᱟᱣ) ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱛ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ (ᱵᱟᱝ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱫᱟ) ᱾ == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{Reflist}} [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:᱑᱙᱘᱕ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱚᱞ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱢᱮᱫᱤᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]] ndkv9kcdq2xrqeq8tkoka7b4grsgw8q 0 36622 194366 194115 2026-07-13T01:18:31Z ᱥᱩᱠᱚᱞ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱤ 8638 /* */ 194366 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox magazine | title = ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱨᱡᱚᱢ | image = | image_size = | caption = | editor = ᱜᱳᱵᱤᱱᱫᱚ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱢᱟᱹᱡᱷᱤ | frequency = ᱛᱨᱮᱭᱢᱟᱥᱤᱠ (ᱯᱮ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ) | category = ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ | company = | publisher = ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ | firstdate = ᱑᱙᱘᱘ | country = ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ | language = ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ | website = }} '''ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱨᱡᱚᱢ''' ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱛᱨᱮᱭᱢᱟᱥᱤᱠ (ᱯᱮ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ) ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ <ref name="sahityeritihas">ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ, ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱢᱚᱞ (ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱑᱗) ᱾ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱞᱤ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱛᱛᱮᱨ ᱤᱛᱤᱦᱟᱥ (ᱢᱚᱬᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ) ᱾ ᱱᱤᱨᱢᱚᱞ ᱵᱩᱠ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱾</ref> == ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ == ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱑᱙᱘᱘ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱮ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾<ref name="sahityeritihas" /> ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱤᱡ ᱥᱟᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱤᱡ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱳᱵᱤᱱᱫᱚ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱢᱟᱹᱡᱷᱤ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ 'ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ' ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ (ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ) ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾<ref name="sahityeritihas" /> == ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ == "ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱨᱡᱚᱢ" ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱰᱤᱥᱟ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ, ᱢᱚᱭᱩᱨᱵᱷᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱡᱤᱞᱞᱟᱹ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱳᱨᱩᱢᱳᱦᱤᱥᱟᱱᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱚᱰᱚᱠᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾<ref name="sahityeritihas" /> == ᱵᱤᱥᱮᱥ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ == ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱰᱮᱴᱮᱞᱥ (ᱵᱤᱱᱭᱟᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱠᱟᱨᱤ) ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱛ ᱛᱮ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="sahityeritihas" /> == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{reflist}} [[Category:ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ]] [[Category:᱑᱙᱘᱘ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ]] p9rjsf5pi5dylc2ddz3sl63q7zfmkqi 194367 194366 2026-07-13T01:23:22Z ᱥᱩᱠᱚᱞ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱤ 8638 /* */ 194367 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox magazine | title = ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱨᱡᱚᱢ | image = | image_size = | caption = | editor = ᱜᱳᱵᱤᱱᱫᱚ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱢᱟᱹᱡᱷᱤ | frequency = ᱛᱨᱮᱭᱢᱟᱥᱤᱠ (ᱯᱮ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ) | category = ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ | company = | publisher = ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ | firstdate = ᱑᱙᱘᱘ | country = ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ | language = ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ | website = }} '''ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱨᱡᱚᱢ''' ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱛᱨᱮᱭᱢᱟᱥᱤᱠ (ᱯᱮ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ) ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="sahityeritihas">ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ, ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱢᱚᱞ (ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱑᱗) ᱾ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱞᱤ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱛᱛᱮᱨ ᱤᱛᱤᱦᱟᱥ (ᱢᱚᱬᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ) ᱾ ᱱᱤᱨᱢᱚᱞ ᱵᱩᱠ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱾</ref> == ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ == ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱑᱙᱘᱘ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱮ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾<ref name="sahityeritihas" /> ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱤᱡ ᱥᱟᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱤᱡ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱳᱵᱤᱱᱫᱚ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱢᱟᱹᱡᱷᱤ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ 'ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ' ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ (ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ) ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾<ref name="sahityeritihas" /> == ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ == "ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱨᱡᱚᱢ" ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱰᱤᱥᱟ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ, ᱢᱚᱭᱩᱨᱵᱷᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱡᱤᱞᱞᱟᱹ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱳᱨᱩᱢᱳᱦᱤᱥᱟᱱᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱚᱰᱚᱠᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾<ref name="sahityeritihas" /> == ᱵᱤᱥᱮᱥ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ == ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱰᱮᱴᱮᱞᱥ (ᱵᱤᱱᱭᱟᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱠᱟᱨᱤ) ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱛ ᱛᱮ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="sahityeritihas" /> == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{reflist}} [[Category:ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ]] [[Category:᱑᱙᱘᱘ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ]] s47xpikw0s3z74rfrar7fku1yi54yfs 194374 194367 2026-07-13T01:52:14Z ᱥᱩᱠᱚᱞ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱤ 8638 /* */ 194374 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox magazine | title = ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤᱥᱟᱨᱡᱚᱢ | image = | image_size = | caption = | editor = ᱜᱳᱵᱤᱱᱫᱚ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱢᱟᱹᱡᱷᱤ | frequency = ᱛᱨᱮᱭᱢᱟᱥᱤᱠ (ᱯᱮ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ) | category = ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ | company = | publisher = ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ | firstdate = ᱑᱙᱘᱘ | country = ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ | language = ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ | website = }} '''ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱨᱡᱚᱢ''' ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱛᱨᱮᱭᱢᱟᱥᱤᱠ (ᱯᱮ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ) ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="sahityeritihas">ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ, ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱢᱚᱞ (ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱑᱗) ᱾ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱞᱤ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱛᱛᱮᱨ ᱤᱛᱤᱦᱟᱥ (ᱢᱚᱬᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ) ᱾ ᱱᱤᱨᱢᱚᱞ ᱵᱩᱠ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱾</ref> == ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ == ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱑᱙᱘᱘ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱮ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾<ref name="sahityeritihas" /> ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱤᱡ ᱥᱟᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱤᱡ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱳᱵᱤᱱᱫᱚ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱢᱟᱹᱡᱷᱤ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ 'ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ' ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ (ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ) ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾<ref name="sahityeritihas" /> == ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ == "ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱨᱡᱚᱢ" ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱰᱤᱥᱟ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ, ᱢᱚᱭᱩᱨᱵᱷᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱡᱤᱞᱞᱟᱹ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱳᱨᱩᱢᱳᱦᱤᱥᱟᱱᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱚᱰᱚᱠᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾<ref name="sahityeritihas" /> == ᱵᱤᱥᱮᱥ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ == ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱰᱮᱴᱮᱞᱥ (ᱵᱤᱱᱭᱟᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱠᱟᱨᱤ) ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱛ ᱛᱮ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="sahityeritihas" /> == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{reflist}} [[Category:ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ]] [[Category:᱑᱙᱘᱘ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ]] gd4bm77dwz6zeceim0kq6obwqvckgqq 0 36631 194334 194141 2026-07-12T17:16:16Z ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱗ 1744 /* ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ */ 194334 wikitext text/x-wiki '''ᱦᱟᱸᱥ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱤᱞ''' ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱗᱔ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ (Magazine) ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱤᱡ (Editor) ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱚᱲᱦᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱚᱨᱡᱩᱱ ᱪᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="Hembram">ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ, ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱢᱚᱞ ( ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱑᱗) ᱾ ''ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱞᱤ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱛᱛᱮᱨ ᱤᱛᱤᱦᱟᱥ'' (᱕ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱫᱟ) ᱾ ᱱᱤᱨᱢᱚᱞ ᱵᱩᱠ ᱮᱢᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱾</ref><ref name="Tudu">ᱴᱩᱰᱩ, ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱚ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ (᱒᱐᱒᱐) ᱾ ''ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱢᱚᱱᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱨᱟ'' (᱒ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱫᱟ) ᱾ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱪᱟᱢ帕ᱵᱚᱛᱤ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ ᱾</ref> == ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ == ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱩᱵᱽᱱᱮᱥᱣᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱤ.ᱡᱮ.ᱵᱤ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ (B.J.B. College) ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱤ. ᱮᱢ. ᱦᱚᱥᱴᱮᱞ (P. M. Hostel) ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱷᱩᱵᱽᱱᱮᱥᱣᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱤ.ᱡᱮ.ᱵᱤ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱴᱷᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ 'ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱥᱴᱩᱰᱮᱱᱴᱥ ᱮᱥᱳᱥᱤᱭᱮᱥᱚᱱ' (Adivasi Students Association) ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱨᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱟᱹᱴᱷᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱰᱮ ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱛ ᱠᱩᱨᱩᱢᱩᱴᱩ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ 'ᱦᱟᱸᱥ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱤᱞ' ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="Hembram"/><ref name="Tudu"/> == ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ == ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱤᱡ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱨᱡᱩᱱ ᱪᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱴᱷᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ, ᱚᱱᱚᱲᱦᱮ, ᱜᱟᱢᱟᱢ, ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="Hembram"/> == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{reflist}} [[Category:ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ]] [[Category:᱑᱙᱗᱔ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱨᱮᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱡᱤᱱ ᱠᱚ]] {{Infobox magazine | name = ᱦᱟᱸᱥ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱤᱞ | title = ᱦᱟᱸᱥ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱤᱞ<br>Hans Hasil | image = | image_size = | caption = | editor = ᱚᱨᱡᱩᱱ ᱪᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ | frequency = ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ (Annual) | publisher = ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱥᱴᱩᱰᱮᱱᱴᱥ ᱮᱥᱳᱥᱤᱭᱮᱥᱚᱱ | foundation = ᱑᱙᱗᱔ | language = ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ | category = ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ | country = ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ | location = ᱵᱷᱩᱵᱽᱱᱮᱥᱣᱚᱨ, ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ }} [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞᱚᱜ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱑᱙᱔᱙ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]] mnmw3oxhwgo5nyu8vgkt2ltih9sp60o 194335 194334 2026-07-12T17:16:51Z ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱗ 1744 /* ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ */ 194335 wikitext text/x-wiki '''ᱦᱟᱸᱥ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱤᱞ''' ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱗᱔ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ (Magazine) ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱤᱡ (Editor) ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱚᱲᱦᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱚᱨᱡᱩᱱ ᱪᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="Hembram">ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ, ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱢᱚᱞ ( ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱑᱗) ᱾ ''ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱞᱤ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱛᱛᱮᱨ ᱤᱛᱤᱦᱟᱥ'' (᱕ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱫᱟ) ᱾ ᱱᱤᱨᱢᱚᱞ ᱵᱩᱠ ᱮᱢᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱾</ref><ref name="Tudu">ᱴᱩᱰᱩ, ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱚ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ (᱒᱐᱒᱐) ᱾ ''ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱢᱚᱱᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱨᱟ'' (᱒ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱫᱟ) ᱾ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱪᱟᱢ帕ᱵᱚᱛᱤ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ ᱾</ref> == ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ == ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱩᱵᱽᱱᱮᱥᱣᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱤ.ᱡᱮ.ᱵᱤ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ (B.J.B. College) ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱤ. ᱮᱢ. ᱦᱚᱥᱴᱮᱞ (P. M. Hostel) ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱷᱩᱵᱽᱱᱮᱥᱣᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱤ.ᱡᱮ.ᱵᱤ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱴᱷᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ 'ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱥᱴᱩᱰᱮᱱᱴᱥ ᱮᱥᱳᱥᱤᱭᱮᱥᱚᱱ' (Adivasi Students Association) ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱨᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱟᱹᱴᱷᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱰᱮ ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱛ ᱠᱩᱨᱩᱢᱩᱴᱩ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ 'ᱦᱟᱸᱥ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱤᱞ' ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="Hembram"/><ref name="Tudu"/> == ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ == ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱤᱡ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱨᱡᱩᱱ ᱪᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱴᱷᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ, ᱚᱱᱚᱲᱦᱮ, ᱜᱟᱢᱟᱢ, ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="Hembram"/> == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{reflist}} [[Category:ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ]] [[Category:᱑᱙᱗᱔ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱨᱮᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱡᱤᱱ ᱠᱚ]] {{Infobox magazine | name = ᱦᱟᱸᱥ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱤᱞ | title = ᱦᱟᱸᱥ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱤᱞ<br>Hans Hasil | image = | image_size = | caption = | editor = ᱚᱨᱡᱩᱱ ᱪᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ | frequency = ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ (Annual) | publisher = ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱥᱴᱩᱰᱮᱱᱴᱥ ᱮᱥᱳᱥᱤᱭᱮᱥᱚᱱ | foundation = ᱑᱙᱗᱔ | language = ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ | category = ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ | country = ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ | location = ᱵᱷᱩᱵᱽᱱᱮᱥᱣᱚᱨ, ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ }} [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞᱚᱜ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱑᱙᱗᱔ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]] 513eecauys1ltcvdy4n7selfx1cma3i 194336 194335 2026-07-12T17:19:08Z ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱗ 1744 /* ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ */ 194336 wikitext text/x-wiki '''ᱦᱟᱸᱥ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱤᱞ''' ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱗᱔ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ (Magazine) ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱤᱡ (Editor) ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱚᱲᱦᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱚᱨᱡᱩᱱ ᱪᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="Hembram">ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ, ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱢᱚᱞ ( ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱑᱗) ᱾ ''ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱞᱤ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱛᱛᱮᱨ ᱤᱛᱤᱦᱟᱥ'' (᱕ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱫᱟ) ᱾ ᱱᱤᱨᱢᱚᱞ ᱵᱩᱠ ᱮᱢᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱾</ref><ref name="Tudu">ᱴᱩᱰᱩ, ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱚ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ (᱒᱐᱒᱐) ᱾ ''ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱢᱚᱱᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱨᱟ'' (᱒ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱫᱟ) ᱾ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱪᱟᱢ帕ᱵᱚᱛᱤ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ ᱾</ref> == ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ == ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱩᱵᱽᱱᱮᱥᱣᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱤ.ᱡᱮ.ᱵᱤ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ (B.J.B. College) ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱤ. ᱮᱢ. ᱦᱚᱥᱴᱮᱞ (P. M. Hostel) ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱷᱩᱵᱽᱱᱮᱥᱣᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱤ.ᱡᱮ.ᱵᱤ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱴᱷᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ 'ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱥᱴᱩᱰᱮᱱᱴᱥ ᱮᱥᱳᱥᱤᱭᱮᱥᱚᱱ' (Adivasi Students Association) ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱨᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱟᱹᱴᱷᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱰᱮ ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱛ ᱠᱩᱨᱩᱢᱩᱴᱩ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ 'ᱦᱟᱸᱥ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱤᱞ' ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="Hembram"/><ref name="Tudu"/> == ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ == ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱤᱡ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱨᱡᱩᱱ ᱪᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱴᱷᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ, ᱚᱱᱚᱲᱦᱮ, ᱜᱟᱢᱟᱢ, ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="Hembram"/> == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{reflist}} [[Category:ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ]] [[Category:᱑᱙᱗᱔ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱨᱮᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱡᱤᱱ ᱠᱚ]] {{Infobox magazine | name = ᱦᱟᱸᱥ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱤᱞ | title = ᱦᱟᱸᱥ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱤᱞ<br>Hans Hasil | image = | image_size = | caption = | editor = ᱚᱨᱡᱩᱱ ᱪᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ | frequency = ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ (Annual) | publisher = ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱥᱴᱩᱰᱮᱱᱴᱥ ᱮᱥᱳᱥᱤᱭᱮᱥᱚᱱ | foundation = ᱑᱙᱗᱔ | language = ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ | category = ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ | country = ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ | location = ᱵᱷᱩᱵᱽᱱᱮᱥᱣᱚᱨ, ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ }} [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞᱚᱜ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱑᱙᱗᱔ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱵᱷᱩᱵᱽᱱᱮᱥᱣᱚᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]] 3fuxxubfx7mykmq9i18r6kf6dqc4m8w 194337 194336 2026-07-12T17:19:32Z ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱗ 1744 /* ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ */ 194337 wikitext text/x-wiki '''ᱦᱟᱸᱥ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱤᱞ''' ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱗᱔ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ (Magazine) ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱤᱡ (Editor) ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱚᱲᱦᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱚᱨᱡᱩᱱ ᱪᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="Hembram">ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ, ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱢᱚᱞ ( ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱑᱗) ᱾ ''ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱞᱤ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱛᱛᱮᱨ ᱤᱛᱤᱦᱟᱥ'' (᱕ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱫᱟ) ᱾ ᱱᱤᱨᱢᱚᱞ ᱵᱩᱠ ᱮᱢᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱾</ref><ref name="Tudu">ᱴᱩᱰᱩ, ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱚ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ (᱒᱐᱒᱐) ᱾ ''ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱢᱚᱱᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱨᱟ'' (᱒ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱫᱟ) ᱾ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱪᱟᱢ帕ᱵᱚᱛᱤ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ ᱾</ref> == ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ == ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱩᱵᱽᱱᱮᱥᱣᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱤ.ᱡᱮ.ᱵᱤ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ (B.J.B. College) ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱤ. ᱮᱢ. ᱦᱚᱥᱴᱮᱞ (P. M. Hostel) ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱷᱩᱵᱽᱱᱮᱥᱣᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱤ.ᱡᱮ.ᱵᱤ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱴᱷᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ 'ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱥᱴᱩᱰᱮᱱᱴᱥ ᱮᱥᱳᱥᱤᱭᱮᱥᱚᱱ' (Adivasi Students Association) ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱨᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱟᱹᱴᱷᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱰᱮ ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱛ ᱠᱩᱨᱩᱢᱩᱴᱩ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ 'ᱦᱟᱸᱥ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱤᱞ' ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="Hembram"/><ref name="Tudu"/> == ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ == ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱤᱡ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱨᱡᱩᱱ ᱪᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱴᱷᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ, ᱚᱱᱚᱲᱦᱮ, ᱜᱟᱢᱟᱢ, ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="Hembram"/> == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{reflist}} [[Category:ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ]] [[Category:᱑᱙᱗᱔ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱨᱮᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱡᱤᱱ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞᱚᱜ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱑᱙᱗᱔ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱵᱷᱩᱵᱽᱱᱮᱥᱣᱚᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]] g8dynxsf3vata62kcm92d1uaj5eta2r 194338 194337 2026-07-12T17:19:56Z ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱗ 1744 194338 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox magazine | name = ᱦᱟᱸᱥ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱤᱞ | title = ᱦᱟᱸᱥ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱤᱞ<br>Hans Hasil | image = | image_size = | caption = | editor = ᱚᱨᱡᱩᱱ ᱪᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ | frequency = ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ (Annual) | publisher = ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱥᱴᱩᱰᱮᱱᱴᱥ ᱮᱥᱳᱥᱤᱭᱮᱥᱚᱱ | foundation = ᱑᱙᱗᱔ | language = ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ | category = ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ | country = ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ | location = ᱵᱷᱩᱵᱽᱱᱮᱥᱣᱚᱨ, ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ }} '''ᱦᱟᱸᱥ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱤᱞ''' ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱗᱔ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ (Magazine) ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱤᱡ (Editor) ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱚᱲᱦᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱚᱨᱡᱩᱱ ᱪᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="Hembram">ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ, ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱢᱚᱞ ( ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱑᱗) ᱾ ''ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱞᱤ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱛᱛᱮᱨ ᱤᱛᱤᱦᱟᱥ'' (᱕ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱫᱟ) ᱾ ᱱᱤᱨᱢᱚᱞ ᱵᱩᱠ ᱮᱢᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱾</ref><ref name="Tudu">ᱴᱩᱰᱩ, ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱚ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ (᱒᱐᱒᱐) ᱾ ''ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱢᱚᱱᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱨᱟ'' (᱒ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱫᱟ) ᱾ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱪᱟᱢ帕ᱵᱚᱛᱤ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ ᱾</ref> == ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ == ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱩᱵᱽᱱᱮᱥᱣᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱤ.ᱡᱮ.ᱵᱤ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ (B.J.B. College) ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱤ. ᱮᱢ. ᱦᱚᱥᱴᱮᱞ (P. M. Hostel) ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱷᱩᱵᱽᱱᱮᱥᱣᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱤ.ᱡᱮ.ᱵᱤ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱴᱷᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ 'ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱥᱴᱩᱰᱮᱱᱴᱥ ᱮᱥᱳᱥᱤᱭᱮᱥᱚᱱ' (Adivasi Students Association) ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱨᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱟᱹᱴᱷᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱰᱮ ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱛ ᱠᱩᱨᱩᱢᱩᱴᱩ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ 'ᱦᱟᱸᱥ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱤᱞ' ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="Hembram"/><ref name="Tudu"/> == ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ == ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱤᱡ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱨᱡᱩᱱ ᱪᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱴᱷᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ, ᱚᱱᱚᱲᱦᱮ, ᱜᱟᱢᱟᱢ, ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="Hembram"/> == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{reflist}} [[Category:ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ]] [[Category:᱑᱙᱗᱔ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱨᱮᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱡᱤᱱ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞᱚᱜ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱑᱙᱗᱔ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱵᱷᱩᱵᱽᱱᱮᱥᱣᱚᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]] 4fe4djr34elzjqpey8zsaj3a3o37goh 0 36636 194385 194149 2026-07-13T03:55:47Z ᱯᱟᱣᱨᱤᱭᱟ 8713 194385 wikitext text/x-wiki '''ᱯᱟᱣᱨᱤᱭᱟ''' ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱤᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱵᱩ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱩ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱭᱛᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱣᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱤᱥ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱠᱩ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ-ᱟ᱾ ᱵᱤᱨᱵᱷᱩᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱸᱚᱱᱰ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱤᱪᱷᱩ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱠᱩ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ-ᱟ᱾ ᱯᱟᱣᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱩᱴ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ- '''ᱢᱟᱹᱡᱷᱤ ᱠᱷᱤᱞ ᱯᱟᱣᱨᱤᱭᱟ, ᱥᱟᱫᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱨᱤᱭᱟ, ᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱯᱟᱣᱨᱤᱭᱟ, ᱵᱤᱴᱚᱞ ᱯᱟᱣᱨᱤᱭᱟ, ᱛᱚᱲᱮ ᱥᱩᱛᱟᱹᱢ ᱯᱟᱣᱨᱤᱭᱟ, ᱡᱩᱜᱤ ᱯᱟᱣᱨᱤᱭᱟ, ᱨᱚ ᱞᱩᱛᱩᱨ ᱯᱟᱣᱨᱤᱭᱟ, ᱛᱩᱰᱠᱩ ᱯᱟᱣᱨᱤᱭᱟ, ᱠᱟᱸᱲᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱨᱤᱭᱟ, ᱜᱤᱫᱤ ᱯᱟᱣᱨᱤᱭᱟ, ᱥᱚᱱ ᱯᱟᱣᱨᱤᱭᱟ, ᱦᱟᱸᱹᱰᱤ ᱯᱟᱣᱨᱤᱭᱟ᱾''' ==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ== ᱑ᱹ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ ᱨᱟᱢᱮᱥᱥᱚᱨ, ᱡᱟᱦᱮᱨ ᱵᱝᱜᱟ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱠᱚ , ᱟᱫᱤᱢ ᱯᱟᱵᱞᱤᱠᱮᱥᱚᱱ, ᱒᱐᱑᱖ 26gxotu4q5cqfqdwzzz9dvyz3dbwx0v 0 36703 194369 194246 2026-07-13T01:26:31Z ᱥᱩᱠᱚᱞ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱤ 8638 /* */ 194369 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox magazine | title = ᱛᱚᱯᱚᱞ | editor = ᱞᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ | publisher = ᱦᱩᱜᱽᱞᱤ ᱡᱤᱞᱟ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱛᱭᱚ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱥᱚᱫᱽ | frequency = ᱵᱟᱨ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ (ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱮ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ) | firstdate = ᱒᱐᱐᱓ | country = ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ | language = ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ (ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ) }} '''ᱛᱚᱯᱚᱞ''' ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ 'ᱛᱚᱯᱚᱞ' ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ 'ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ' ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱤᱡ ᱫᱚᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱦᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱞᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ᱾ == ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱯᱨᱩᱢ == ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱐᱓ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱮ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ''ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱞᱤ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱛᱛᱮᱨ ᱤᱛᱤᱦᱟᱥ'' ᱨᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱤᱡ ᱫᱚ 'ᱦᱩᱜᱽᱞᱤ ᱡᱤᱞᱟ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱛᱭᱚ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱥᱚᱫᱽ' ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱩᱜᱽᱞᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹ ᱴᱷᱤᱠᱟᱹᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ- ᱵᱚᱸᱭᱪᱤᱜᱨᱟᱢ (ᱵᱟᱜᱟᱱᱯᱟᱲᱟ), ᱰᱟᱠᱜᱷᱚᱲ: ᱵᱚᱸᱭᱪᱤᱜᱨᱟᱢ , ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ: ᱦᱩᱜᱽᱞᱤ, ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ᱾ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱮ, 'ᱛᱚᱯᱚᱞ' ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱐᱐ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ 'ᱨᱟᱸᱦᱤ' ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ 'ᱨᱟᱸᱦᱤ' ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱛᱮ ᱜᱮ 'ᱛᱚᱯᱚᱞ' ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱚᱜ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱦᱱᱤ, ᱚᱱᱚᱬᱦᱮ, ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱠᱷᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱱᱚᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱲᱟᱭ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == <references /> * <ref>ᱴᱩᱰᱩ, ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱚ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ (᱒᱐᱒᱐). ''ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱢᱚᱱᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱨᱟ'' (᱒ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ), ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱟᱵᱚᱛᱤ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ, ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ: ᱗᱕᱾</ref> * <ref>ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ, ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱢᱚᱞ (᱒᱐᱒᱓). ''ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱞᱤ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱛᱛᱮᱨ ᱤᱛᱤᱦᱟᱥ'' (᱗ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ), ᱱᱤᱨᱢᱚᱞ ᱵᱩᱠ ᱮᱢᱮᱱᱥᱤ, ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ: ᱔᱗᱘᱾</ref> 2dqyaqr0yxdscev484tc1acc67jyiq5 1 36752 194312 2026-07-12T12:16:01Z ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱗ 1744 https://fountain.toolforge.org/editathons/wp25sat 194312 wikitext text/x-wiki {{wp25sat}} qhzngueepknbo901wcfy4m1qd7se8vs 0 36753 194317 2026-07-12T14:53:47Z ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱗ 1744 "{{short description|ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ}} '''ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ''' ᱫᱚ "ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ" ᱞ..." ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ 194317 wikitext text/x-wiki {{short description|ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ}} '''ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ''' ᱫᱚ "ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ" ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref name="pmid12604476">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kindig D, Stoddart G | date = March 2003 | title = What is population health? | journal = American Journal of Public Health | volume = 93 | issue = 3| pages = 380–3 | doi=10.2105/ajph.93.3.380 |pmid=12604476 | pmc=1447747}}</ref> ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱜ [[ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ "ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ, ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱭᱤᱡ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱨᱩᱯ, ᱟᱨ [[ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱢᱵᱽᱲᱟᱣ|ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚ]]"᱾<ref name="pmid12604476" /> ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱷᱮᱯᱮᱫ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱣ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ [[ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱭᱤᱡ]] (ᱥᱮ.ᱰᱤ.ᱳ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ) ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱥᱮ.ᱰᱤ.ᱳ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ (ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ, ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱵᱮᱥ, ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱜᱚᱲᱦᱚᱱ) ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱦᱟᱨᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱩᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>[http://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/topicsobjectives2020/overview.aspx?topicid=39 Social Determinants of Health overview tab.]</ref> ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ-ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱷᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱮ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ [[ᱨᱟᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱱ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣᱮᱫ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ [[ᱫᱤᱥᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱠᱞᱟᱥᱤᱠ ᱠᱩᱨᱩᱢᱩᱴᱩ ᱠᱚ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱠᱷᱚᱡᱟ᱾ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱚᱱ ᱥᱳᱥᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱰᱤᱴᱟᱨᱢᱤᱱᱮᱱᱴᱥ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱦᱮᱞᱛᱷ ᱒᱐᱐᱘ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱤᱯᱳᱨᱴ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱡᱮ ᱥᱮ.ᱰᱤ.ᱳ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ ᱚᱡᱮ ᱠᱚᱜᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱷᱟᱹᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱟᱹᱭᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱚᱜᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>[https://www.who.int/sdhconference/resources/Conference_Report.pdf Meeting Report of World Conference of Social Determinants of Health] held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2008.</ref> ᱭᱩ.ᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ, ᱮᱲᱟᱣ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱗᱐% ᱫᱚ ᱥᱮ.ᱰᱤ.ᱳ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱟᱸᱡᱚᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | pmid = 11900188 | doi=10.1377/hlthaff.21.2.78 | volume=21 | title=The case for more active policy attention to health promotion | year=2002 | author=McGinnis JM, Williams-Russo P, Knickman JR | journal=Health Aff (Millwood) | issue=2 | pages=78–93 }}. See also [http://www.nap.edu/catalog/10548.html National Academies Press free publication: The Future of Public Health in the 21st Century.]</ref> ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱧᱮᱱᱮᱞ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ, ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱟᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ "ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱠᱷᱟᱯ ᱠᱷᱟᱣᱟᱣ, ᱛᱮᱞᱟ ᱮᱢ, ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱢᱵᱽᱲᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ" ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>Frankish, CJ et al. [http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/ph-sp/impact-repercussions/hiatp2.php "Health Impact Assessment as a Tool for Population Health Promotion and Public Policy"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100308083354/http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/ph-sp/impact-repercussions/hiatp2.php |date=8 March 2010 }}. Vancouver: Institute of Health Promotion Research, University of British Columbia, 1996. Retrieved 12 October 2008.</ref> [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ]] (ᱰᱟᱵᱽᱞᱩ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ.ᱳ) ᱑᱙᱔᱖ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ ᱨᱮ "ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ, ᱢᱚᱱᱮ, ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ [[ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱫᱩᱨᱵᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ" ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾<ref name="WHO definition">World Health Organization. [https://www.who.int/bulletin/archives/80(12)981.pdf ''WHO definition of Health''], Preamble to the Constitution of the World Health Organization as adopted by the International Health Conference, New York, 19–22 June 1946; signed on 22 July 1946 by the representatives of 61 States (Official Records of the World Health Organization, no. 2, p. 100) and entered into force on 7 April 1948. In {{cite journal|journal=Bulletin of the World Health Organization |year=2002|volume= 80 |issue=12|page=982|title=The Preamble of the Constitution of the World Health Organization|author=Grad, Frank P. |pmid=12571728|pmc=2567708}}</ref><ref name="WHO constitution">World Health Organization. 2006. [https://www.who.int/governance/eb/who_constitution_en.pdf ''Constitution of the World Health Organization''] – ''Basic Documents'', Forty-fifth edition, Supplement, October 2006.</ref> 180bmm9l1m04rolyuuoyw1h2tkkri39 194318 194317 2026-07-12T14:54:51Z ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱗ 1744 /* */ 194318 wikitext text/x-wiki {{short description|ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ}} '''ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ''' ᱫᱚ "ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ" ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref name="pmid12604476">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kindig D, Stoddart G | date = March 2003 | title = What is population health? | journal = American Journal of Public Health | volume = 93 | issue = 3| pages = 380–3 | doi=10.2105/ajph.93.3.380 |pmid=12604476 | pmc=1447747}}</ref> ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱜ [[ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ "ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ, ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱭᱤᱡ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱨᱩᱯ, ᱟᱨ [[ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱢᱵᱽᱲᱟᱣ|ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚ]]"᱾<ref name="pmid12604476" /> ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱷᱮᱯᱮᱫ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱣ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ [[ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱭᱤᱡ]] (ᱥᱮ.ᱰᱤ.ᱳ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ) ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱥᱮ.ᱰᱤ.ᱳ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ (ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ, ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱵᱮᱥ, ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱜᱚᱲᱦᱚᱱ) ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱦᱟᱨᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱩᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>[http://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/topicsobjectives2020/overview.aspx?topicid=39 Social Determinants of Health overview tab.]</ref> ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ-ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱷᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱮ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ [[ᱨᱟᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱱ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣᱮᱫ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ [[ᱫᱤᱥᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱠᱞᱟᱥᱤᱠ ᱠᱩᱨᱩᱢᱩᱴᱩ ᱠᱚ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱠᱷᱚᱡᱟ᱾ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱚᱱ ᱥᱳᱥᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱰᱤᱴᱟᱨᱢᱤᱱᱮᱱᱴᱥ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱦᱮᱞᱛᱷ ᱒᱐᱐᱘ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱤᱯᱳᱨᱴ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱡᱮ ᱥᱮ.ᱰᱤ.ᱳ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ ᱚᱡᱮ ᱠᱚᱜᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱷᱟᱹᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱟᱹᱭᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱚᱜᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>[https://www.who.int/sdhconference/resources/Conference_Report.pdf Meeting Report of World Conference of Social Determinants of Health] held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2008.</ref> ᱭᱩ.ᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ, ᱮᱲᱟᱣ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱗᱐% ᱫᱚ ᱥᱮ.ᱰᱤ.ᱳ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱟᱸᱡᱚᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | pmid = 11900188 | doi=10.1377/hlthaff.21.2.78 | volume=21 | title=The case for more active policy attention to health promotion | year=2002 | author=McGinnis JM, Williams-Russo P, Knickman JR | journal=Health Aff (Millwood) | issue=2 | pages=78–93 }}. See also [http://www.nap.edu/catalog/10548.html National Academies Press free publication: The Future of Public Health in the 21st Century.]</ref> ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱧᱮᱱᱮᱞ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ, ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱟᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ "ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱠᱷᱟᱯ ᱠᱷᱟᱣᱟᱣ, ᱛᱮᱞᱟ ᱮᱢ, ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱢᱵᱽᱲᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ" ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>Frankish, CJ et al. [http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/ph-sp/impact-repercussions/hiatp2.php "Health Impact Assessment as a Tool for Population Health Promotion and Public Policy"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100308083354/http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/ph-sp/impact-repercussions/hiatp2.php |date=8 March 2010 }}. Vancouver: Institute of Health Promotion Research, University of British Columbia, 1996. Retrieved 12 October 2008.</ref> [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ]] (ᱰᱟᱵᱽᱞᱩ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ.ᱳ) ᱑᱙᱔᱖ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ ᱨᱮ "ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ, ᱢᱚᱱᱮ, ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ [[ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱫᱩᱨᱵᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ" ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾<ref name="WHO definition">World Health Organization. [https://www.who.int/bulletin/archives/80(12)981.pdf ''WHO definition of Health''], Preamble to the Constitution of the World Health Organization as adopted by the International Health Conference, New York, 19–22 June 1946; signed on 22 July 1946 by the representatives of 61 States (Official Records of the World Health Organization, no. 2, p. 100) and entered into force on 7 April 1948. In {{cite journal|journal=Bulletin of the World Health Organization |year=2002|volume= 80 |issue=12|page=982|title=The Preamble of the Constitution of the World Health Organization|author=Grad, Frank P. |pmid=12571728|pmc=2567708}}</ref><ref name="WHO constitution">World Health Organization. 2006. [https://www.who.int/governance/eb/who_constitution_en.pdf ''Constitution of the World Health Organization''] – ''Basic Documents'', Forty-fifth edition, Supplement, October 2006.</ref> 192yfnavderivg0ckqbdcxqxh74ij67 194320 194318 2026-07-12T15:11:04Z ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱗ 1744 194320 wikitext text/x-wiki {{short description|ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ}} '''ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ''' ᱫᱚ "ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ" ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref name="pmid12604476">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kindig D, Stoddart G | date = March 2003 | title = What is population health? | journal = American Journal of Public Health | volume = 93 | issue = 3| pages = 380–3 | doi=10.2105/ajph.93.3.380 |pmid=12604476 | pmc=1447747}}</ref> ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱜ [[ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ "ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ, ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱭᱤᱡ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱨᱩᱯ, ᱟᱨ [[ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱢᱵᱽᱲᱟᱣ|ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚ]]"᱾<ref name="pmid12604476" /> ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱷᱮᱯᱮᱫ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱣ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ [[ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱭᱤᱡ]] (ᱥᱮ.ᱰᱤ.ᱳ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ) ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱥᱮ.ᱰᱤ.ᱳ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ (ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ, ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱵᱮᱥ, ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱜᱚᱲᱦᱚᱱ) ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱦᱟᱨᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱩᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>[http://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/topicsobjectives2020/overview.aspx?topicid=39 Social Determinants of Health overview tab.]</ref> ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ-ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱷᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱮ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ [[ᱨᱟᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱱ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣᱮᱫ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ [[ᱫᱤᱥᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱠᱞᱟᱥᱤᱠ ᱠᱩᱨᱩᱢᱩᱴᱩ ᱠᱚ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱠᱷᱚᱡᱟ᱾ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱚᱱ ᱥᱳᱥᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱰᱤᱴᱟᱨᱢᱤᱱᱮᱱᱴᱥ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱦᱮᱞᱛᱷ ᱒᱐᱐᱘ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱤᱯᱳᱨᱴ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱡᱮ ᱥᱮ.ᱰᱤ.ᱳ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ ᱚᱡᱮ ᱠᱚᱜᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱷᱟᱹᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱟᱹᱭᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱚᱜᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>[https://www.who.int/sdhconference/resources/Conference_Report.pdf Meeting Report of World Conference of Social Determinants of Health] held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2008.</ref> ᱭᱩ.ᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ, ᱮᱲᱟᱣ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱗᱐% ᱫᱚ ᱥᱮ.ᱰᱤ.ᱳ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱟᱸᱡᱚᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | pmid = 11900188 | doi=10.1377/hlthaff.21.2.78 | volume=21 | title=The case for more active policy attention to health promotion | year=2002 | author=McGinnis JM, Williams-Russo P, Knickman JR | journal=Health Aff (Millwood) | issue=2 | pages=78–93 }}. See also [http://www.nap.edu/catalog/10548.html National Academies Press free publication: The Future of Public Health in the 21st Century.]</ref> ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱧᱮᱱᱮᱞ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ, ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱟᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ "ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱠᱷᱟᱯ ᱠᱷᱟᱣᱟᱣ, ᱛᱮᱞᱟ ᱮᱢ, ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱢᱵᱽᱲᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ" ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>Frankish, CJ et al. [http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/ph-sp/impact-repercussions/hiatp2.php "Health Impact Assessment as a Tool for Population Health Promotion and Public Policy"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100308083354/http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/ph-sp/impact-repercussions/hiatp2.php |date=8 March 2010 }}. Vancouver: Institute of Health Promotion Research, University of British Columbia, 1996. Retrieved 12 October 2008.</ref> [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ]] (ᱰᱟᱵᱽᱞᱩ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ.ᱳ) ᱑᱙᱔᱖ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ ᱨᱮ "ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ, ᱢᱚᱱᱮ, ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ [[ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱫᱩᱨᱵᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ" ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾<ref name="WHO definition">World Health Organization. [https://www.who.int/bulletin/archives/80(12)981.pdf ''WHO definition of Health''], Preamble to the Constitution of the World Health Organization as adopted by the International Health Conference, New York, 19–22 June 1946; signed on 22 July 1946 by the representatives of 61 States (Official Records of the World Health Organization, no. 2, p. 100) and entered into force on 7 April 1948. In {{cite journal|journal=Bulletin of the World Health Organization |year=2002|volume= 80 |issue=12|page=982|title=The Preamble of the Constitution of the World Health Organization|author=Grad, Frank P. |pmid=12571728|pmc=2567708}}</ref><ref name="WHO constitution">World Health Organization. 2006. [https://www.who.int/governance/eb/who_constitution_en.pdf ''Constitution of the World Health Organization''] – ''Basic Documents'', Forty-fifth edition, Supplement, October 2006.</ref> ==ᱦᱮᱞᱫᱤ ᱯᱤᱯᱚᱞ ᱒᱐᱒᱐== ᱦᱮᱞᱫᱤ ᱯᱤᱯᱚᱞ ᱒᱐᱒᱐, ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱣᱮᱵᱽᱥᱟᱭᱤᱴ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱭᱩ.ᱮᱥ. ᱰᱤᱯᱟᱨᱴᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱳᱯᱷ ᱦᱮᱞᱛᱷ ᱮᱱᱰ ᱦᱤᱣᱢᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱨᱵᱷᱤᱥᱮᱥ]] ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱨᱡᱚᱱ ᱡᱮᱱᱮᱨᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱚᱯᱷᱤᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱓᱔ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱩᱨᱩᱢᱩᱴᱩ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ᱮ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱔᱒ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱛᱟᱢ ᱮ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹᱣᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ ᱩᱱᱩᱨᱩᱢ ᱠᱚ]] ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱩᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱞᱟᱜᱵᱷᱟᱜ ᱑᱒᱐᱐ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱛᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮᱭ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱚᱲᱚᱭ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>[http://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/default.aspx ᱦᱮᱞᱫᱤ ᱯᱤᱯᱚᱞ ᱒᱐᱒᱐]</ref> py2u9vc5nae3tibjcionzpxdyb8soqc 194322 194320 2026-07-12T15:15:08Z ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱗ 1744 194322 wikitext text/x-wiki {{short description|ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ}} '''ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ''' ᱫᱚ "ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ" ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref name="pmid12604476">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kindig D, Stoddart G | date = March 2003 | title = What is population health? | journal = American Journal of Public Health | volume = 93 | issue = 3| pages = 380–3 | doi=10.2105/ajph.93.3.380 |pmid=12604476 | pmc=1447747}}</ref> ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱜ [[ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ "ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ, ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱭᱤᱡ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱨᱩᱯ, ᱟᱨ [[ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱢᱵᱽᱲᱟᱣ|ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚ]]"᱾<ref name="pmid12604476" /> ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱷᱮᱯᱮᱫ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱣ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ [[ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱭᱤᱡ]] (ᱥᱮ.ᱰᱤ.ᱳ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ) ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱥᱮ.ᱰᱤ.ᱳ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ (ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ, ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱵᱮᱥ, ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱜᱚᱲᱦᱚᱱ) ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱦᱟᱨᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱩᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>[http://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/topicsobjectives2020/overview.aspx?topicid=39 Social Determinants of Health overview tab.]</ref> ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ-ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱷᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱮ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ [[ᱨᱟᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱱ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣᱮᱫ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ [[ᱫᱤᱥᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱠᱞᱟᱥᱤᱠ ᱠᱩᱨᱩᱢᱩᱴᱩ ᱠᱚ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱠᱷᱚᱡᱟ᱾ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱚᱱ ᱥᱳᱥᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱰᱤᱴᱟᱨᱢᱤᱱᱮᱱᱴᱥ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱦᱮᱞᱛᱷ ᱒᱐᱐᱘ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱤᱯᱳᱨᱴ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱡᱮ ᱥᱮ.ᱰᱤ.ᱳ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ ᱚᱡᱮ ᱠᱚᱜᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱷᱟᱹᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱟᱹᱭᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱚᱜᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>[https://www.who.int/sdhconference/resources/Conference_Report.pdf Meeting Report of World Conference of Social Determinants of Health] held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2008.</ref> ᱭᱩ.ᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ, ᱮᱲᱟᱣ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱗᱐% ᱫᱚ ᱥᱮ.ᱰᱤ.ᱳ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱟᱸᱡᱚᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | pmid = 11900188 | doi=10.1377/hlthaff.21.2.78 | volume=21 | title=The case for more active policy attention to health promotion | year=2002 | author=McGinnis JM, Williams-Russo P, Knickman JR | journal=Health Aff (Millwood) | issue=2 | pages=78–93 }}. See also [http://www.nap.edu/catalog/10548.html National Academies Press free publication: The Future of Public Health in the 21st Century.]</ref> ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱧᱮᱱᱮᱞ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ, ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱟᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ "ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱠᱷᱟᱯ ᱠᱷᱟᱣᱟᱣ, ᱛᱮᱞᱟ ᱮᱢ, ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱢᱵᱽᱲᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ" ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>Frankish, CJ et al. [http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/ph-sp/impact-repercussions/hiatp2.php "Health Impact Assessment as a Tool for Population Health Promotion and Public Policy"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100308083354/http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/ph-sp/impact-repercussions/hiatp2.php |date=8 March 2010 }}. Vancouver: Institute of Health Promotion Research, University of British Columbia, 1996. Retrieved 12 October 2008.</ref> [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ]] (ᱰᱟᱵᱽᱞᱩ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ.ᱳ) ᱑᱙᱔᱖ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ ᱨᱮ "ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ, ᱢᱚᱱᱮ, ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ [[ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱫᱩᱨᱵᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ" ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾<ref name="WHO definition">World Health Organization. [https://www.who.int/bulletin/archives/80(12)981.pdf ''WHO definition of Health''], Preamble to the Constitution of the World Health Organization as adopted by the International Health Conference, New York, 19–22 June 1946; signed on 22 July 1946 by the representatives of 61 States (Official Records of the World Health Organization, no. 2, p. 100) and entered into force on 7 April 1948. In {{cite journal|journal=Bulletin of the World Health Organization |year=2002|volume= 80 |issue=12|page=982|title=The Preamble of the Constitution of the World Health Organization|author=Grad, Frank P. |pmid=12571728|pmc=2567708}}</ref><ref name="WHO constitution">World Health Organization. 2006. [https://www.who.int/governance/eb/who_constitution_en.pdf ''Constitution of the World Health Organization''] – ''Basic Documents'', Forty-fifth edition, Supplement, October 2006.</ref> ==ᱦᱮᱞᱫᱤ ᱯᱤᱯᱚᱞ ᱒᱐᱒᱐== ᱦᱮᱞᱫᱤ ᱯᱤᱯᱚᱞ ᱒᱐᱒᱐, ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱣᱮᱵᱽᱥᱟᱭᱤᱴ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱭᱩ.ᱮᱥ. ᱰᱤᱯᱟᱨᱴᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱳᱯᱷ ᱦᱮᱞᱛᱷ ᱮᱱᱰ ᱦᱤᱣᱢᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱨᱵᱷᱤᱥᱮᱥ]] ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱨᱡᱚᱱ ᱡᱮᱱᱮᱨᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱚᱯᱷᱤᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱓᱔ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱩᱨᱩᱢᱩᱴᱩ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ᱮ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱔᱒ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱛᱟᱢ ᱮ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹᱣᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ ᱩᱱᱩᱨᱩᱢ ᱠᱚ]] ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱩᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱞᱟᱜᱵᱷᱟᱜ ᱑᱒᱐᱐ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱛᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮᱭ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱚᱲᱚᱭ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>[http://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/default.aspx ᱦᱮᱞᱫᱤ ᱯᱤᱯᱚᱞ ᱒᱐᱒᱐]</ref> iedjmnzwcxupnyhjgqut11pmc6wk0oo 194329 194322 2026-07-12T16:50:06Z ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱗ 1744 /* ᱦᱮᱞᱫᱤ ᱯᱤᱯᱚᱞ ᱒᱐᱒᱐ */ 194329 wikitext text/x-wiki {{short description|ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ}} '''ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ''' ᱫᱚ "ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ" ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref name="pmid12604476">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kindig D, Stoddart G | date = March 2003 | title = What is population health? | journal = American Journal of Public Health | volume = 93 | issue = 3| pages = 380–3 | doi=10.2105/ajph.93.3.380 |pmid=12604476 | pmc=1447747}}</ref> ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱜ [[ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ "ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ, ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱭᱤᱡ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱨᱩᱯ, ᱟᱨ [[ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱢᱵᱽᱲᱟᱣ|ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚ]]"᱾<ref name="pmid12604476" /> ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱷᱮᱯᱮᱫ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱣ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ [[ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱭᱤᱡ]] (ᱥᱮ.ᱰᱤ.ᱳ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ) ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱥᱮ.ᱰᱤ.ᱳ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ (ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ, ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱵᱮᱥ, ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱜᱚᱲᱦᱚᱱ) ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱦᱟᱨᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱩᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>[http://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/topicsobjectives2020/overview.aspx?topicid=39 Social Determinants of Health overview tab.]</ref> ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ-ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱷᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱮ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ [[ᱨᱟᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱱ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣᱮᱫ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ [[ᱫᱤᱥᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱠᱞᱟᱥᱤᱠ ᱠᱩᱨᱩᱢᱩᱴᱩ ᱠᱚ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱠᱷᱚᱡᱟ᱾ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱚᱱ ᱥᱳᱥᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱰᱤᱴᱟᱨᱢᱤᱱᱮᱱᱴᱥ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱦᱮᱞᱛᱷ ᱒᱐᱐᱘ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱤᱯᱳᱨᱴ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱡᱮ ᱥᱮ.ᱰᱤ.ᱳ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ ᱚᱡᱮ ᱠᱚᱜᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱷᱟᱹᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱟᱹᱭᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱚᱜᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>[https://www.who.int/sdhconference/resources/Conference_Report.pdf Meeting Report of World Conference of Social Determinants of Health] held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2008.</ref> ᱭᱩ.ᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ, ᱮᱲᱟᱣ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱗᱐% ᱫᱚ ᱥᱮ.ᱰᱤ.ᱳ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱟᱸᱡᱚᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | pmid = 11900188 | doi=10.1377/hlthaff.21.2.78 | volume=21 | title=The case for more active policy attention to health promotion | year=2002 | author=McGinnis JM, Williams-Russo P, Knickman JR | journal=Health Aff (Millwood) | issue=2 | pages=78–93 }}. See also [http://www.nap.edu/catalog/10548.html National Academies Press free publication: The Future of Public Health in the 21st Century.]</ref> ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱧᱮᱱᱮᱞ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ, ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱟᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ "ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱠᱷᱟᱯ ᱠᱷᱟᱣᱟᱣ, ᱛᱮᱞᱟ ᱮᱢ, ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱢᱵᱽᱲᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ" ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>Frankish, CJ et al. [http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/ph-sp/impact-repercussions/hiatp2.php "Health Impact Assessment as a Tool for Population Health Promotion and Public Policy"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100308083354/http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/ph-sp/impact-repercussions/hiatp2.php |date=8 March 2010 }}. Vancouver: Institute of Health Promotion Research, University of British Columbia, 1996. Retrieved 12 October 2008.</ref> [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ]] (ᱰᱟᱵᱽᱞᱩ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ.ᱳ) ᱑᱙᱔᱖ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ ᱨᱮ "ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ, ᱢᱚᱱᱮ, ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ [[ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱫᱩᱨᱵᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ" ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾<ref name="WHO definition">World Health Organization. [https://www.who.int/bulletin/archives/80(12)981.pdf ''WHO definition of Health''], Preamble to the Constitution of the World Health Organization as adopted by the International Health Conference, New York, 19–22 June 1946; signed on 22 July 1946 by the representatives of 61 States (Official Records of the World Health Organization, no. 2, p. 100) and entered into force on 7 April 1948. In {{cite journal|journal=Bulletin of the World Health Organization |year=2002|volume= 80 |issue=12|page=982|title=The Preamble of the Constitution of the World Health Organization|author=Grad, Frank P. |pmid=12571728|pmc=2567708}}</ref><ref name="WHO constitution">World Health Organization. 2006. [https://www.who.int/governance/eb/who_constitution_en.pdf ''Constitution of the World Health Organization''] – ''Basic Documents'', Forty-fifth edition, Supplement, October 2006.</ref> ==ᱦᱮᱞᱫᱤ ᱯᱤᱯᱚᱞ ᱒᱐᱒᱐== ᱦᱮᱞᱫᱤ ᱯᱤᱯᱚᱞ ᱒᱐᱒᱐, ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱣᱮᱵᱽᱥᱟᱭᱤᱴ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱭᱩ.ᱮᱥ. ᱰᱤᱯᱟᱨᱴᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱳᱯᱷ ᱦᱮᱞᱛᱷ ᱮᱱᱰ ᱦᱤᱣᱢᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱨᱵᱷᱤᱥᱮᱥ]] ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱨᱡᱚᱱ ᱡᱮᱱᱮᱨᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱚᱯᱷᱤᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱓᱔ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱩᱨᱩᱢᱩᱴᱩ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ᱮ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱔᱒ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱛᱟᱢ ᱮ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹᱣᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ ᱩᱱᱩᱨᱩᱢ ᱠᱚ]] ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱩᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱞᱟᱜᱵᱷᱟᱜ ᱑᱒᱐᱐ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱛᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮᱭ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱚᱲᱚᱭ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>[http://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/default.aspx ᱦᱮᱞᱫᱤ ᱯᱤᱯᱚᱞ ᱒᱐᱒᱐]</ref> ==ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱟᱝᱼᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ== ᱱᱮᱼᱦᱟᱹᱞᱤ, ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱨ [[ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱟᱝᱼᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ]] ᱥᱟᱛᱟᱢ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ [[ᱮᱯᱤᱰᱮᱢᱤᱭᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ|ᱮᱯᱤᱰᱮᱢᱤᱭᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤᱥᱴ]] ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱨᱚᱡᱽ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱼᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱱᱚᱶᱟᱭ ᱩᱫᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱮ, ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱥ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱮᱡ ᱮᱠᱮᱱ ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱟᱠᱚ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹᱜᱼᱟ, ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱮ [[ᱨᱤᱫᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ]], [[ᱯᱮᱯᱴᱤᱠ ᱟᱞᱥᱟᱨ|ᱟᱞᱥᱟᱨ]], [[ᱴᱟᱭᱤᱯ ᱒ ᱰᱟᱭᱵᱮᱴᱤᱥ]], [[ᱨᱤᱣᱢᱮᱴᱚᱭᱮᱰ ᱟᱨᱛᱷᱨᱟᱭᱴᱤᱥ]], ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱠᱮᱱᱥᱟᱨ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱦᱟᱲᱟᱢᱚᱜ]] ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱼᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱼᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ#ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ|ᱮᱥᱹᱤᱹᱮᱥ ᱜᱽᱨᱮᱰᱤᱭᱮᱱᱴ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹᱛ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱮᱫ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱛᱚᱨᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ (ᱮ. ᱞᱮᱭ, ᱥᱤ. ᱡᱮᱱᱠᱥ, ᱮ. ᱠᱞᱟᱨᱠᱣᱮᱥᱴ — ᱨᱟᱥᱮᱞ ᱥᱮᱡᱽ ᱣᱟᱨᱠᱤᱝ ᱯᱮᱯᱚᱨᱥ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱢᱮ) ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱹᱬ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱩᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱮᱞᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ]] ᱵᱷᱮᱯᱮᱜᱽ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱟᱢᱟ᱾ ltkije8zp175equrj67r2gohzmoyomn 194330 194329 2026-07-12T16:55:44Z ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱗ 1744 /* ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱟᱝᱼᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ */ 194330 wikitext text/x-wiki {{short description|ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ}} '''ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ''' ᱫᱚ "ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ" ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref name="pmid12604476">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kindig D, Stoddart G | date = March 2003 | title = What is population health? | journal = American Journal of Public Health | volume = 93 | issue = 3| pages = 380–3 | doi=10.2105/ajph.93.3.380 |pmid=12604476 | pmc=1447747}}</ref> ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱜ [[ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ "ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ, ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱭᱤᱡ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱨᱩᱯ, ᱟᱨ [[ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱢᱵᱽᱲᱟᱣ|ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚ]]"᱾<ref name="pmid12604476" /> ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱷᱮᱯᱮᱫ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱣ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ [[ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱭᱤᱡ]] (ᱥᱮ.ᱰᱤ.ᱳ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ) ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱥᱮ.ᱰᱤ.ᱳ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ (ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ, ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱵᱮᱥ, ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱜᱚᱲᱦᱚᱱ) ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱦᱟᱨᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱩᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>[http://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/topicsobjectives2020/overview.aspx?topicid=39 Social Determinants of Health overview tab.]</ref> ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ-ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱷᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱮ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ [[ᱨᱟᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱱ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣᱮᱫ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ [[ᱫᱤᱥᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱠᱞᱟᱥᱤᱠ ᱠᱩᱨᱩᱢᱩᱴᱩ ᱠᱚ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱠᱷᱚᱡᱟ᱾ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱚᱱ ᱥᱳᱥᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱰᱤᱴᱟᱨᱢᱤᱱᱮᱱᱴᱥ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱦᱮᱞᱛᱷ ᱒᱐᱐᱘ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱤᱯᱳᱨᱴ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱡᱮ ᱥᱮ.ᱰᱤ.ᱳ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ ᱚᱡᱮ ᱠᱚᱜᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱷᱟᱹᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱟᱹᱭᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱚᱜᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>[https://www.who.int/sdhconference/resources/Conference_Report.pdf Meeting Report of World Conference of Social Determinants of Health] held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2008.</ref> ᱭᱩ.ᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ, ᱮᱲᱟᱣ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱗᱐% ᱫᱚ ᱥᱮ.ᱰᱤ.ᱳ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱟᱸᱡᱚᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | pmid = 11900188 | doi=10.1377/hlthaff.21.2.78 | volume=21 | title=The case for more active policy attention to health promotion | year=2002 | author=McGinnis JM, Williams-Russo P, Knickman JR | journal=Health Aff (Millwood) | issue=2 | pages=78–93 }}. See also [http://www.nap.edu/catalog/10548.html National Academies Press free publication: The Future of Public Health in the 21st Century.]</ref> ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱧᱮᱱᱮᱞ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ, ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱟᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ "ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱠᱷᱟᱯ ᱠᱷᱟᱣᱟᱣ, ᱛᱮᱞᱟ ᱮᱢ, ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱢᱵᱽᱲᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ" ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>Frankish, CJ et al. [http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/ph-sp/impact-repercussions/hiatp2.php "Health Impact Assessment as a Tool for Population Health Promotion and Public Policy"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100308083354/http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/ph-sp/impact-repercussions/hiatp2.php |date=8 March 2010 }}. Vancouver: Institute of Health Promotion Research, University of British Columbia, 1996. Retrieved 12 October 2008.</ref> [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ]] (ᱰᱟᱵᱽᱞᱩ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ.ᱳ) ᱑᱙᱔᱖ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ ᱨᱮ "ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ, ᱢᱚᱱᱮ, ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ [[ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱫᱩᱨᱵᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ" ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾<ref name="WHO definition">World Health Organization. [https://www.who.int/bulletin/archives/80(12)981.pdf ''WHO definition of Health''], Preamble to the Constitution of the World Health Organization as adopted by the International Health Conference, New York, 19–22 June 1946; signed on 22 July 1946 by the representatives of 61 States (Official Records of the World Health Organization, no. 2, p. 100) and entered into force on 7 April 1948. In {{cite journal|journal=Bulletin of the World Health Organization |year=2002|volume= 80 |issue=12|page=982|title=The Preamble of the Constitution of the World Health Organization|author=Grad, Frank P. |pmid=12571728|pmc=2567708}}</ref><ref name="WHO constitution">World Health Organization. 2006. [https://www.who.int/governance/eb/who_constitution_en.pdf ''Constitution of the World Health Organization''] – ''Basic Documents'', Forty-fifth edition, Supplement, October 2006.</ref> ==ᱦᱮᱞᱫᱤ ᱯᱤᱯᱚᱞ ᱒᱐᱒᱐== ᱦᱮᱞᱫᱤ ᱯᱤᱯᱚᱞ ᱒᱐᱒᱐, ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱣᱮᱵᱽᱥᱟᱭᱤᱴ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱭᱩ.ᱮᱥ. ᱰᱤᱯᱟᱨᱴᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱳᱯᱷ ᱦᱮᱞᱛᱷ ᱮᱱᱰ ᱦᱤᱣᱢᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱨᱵᱷᱤᱥᱮᱥ]] ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱨᱡᱚᱱ ᱡᱮᱱᱮᱨᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱚᱯᱷᱤᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱓᱔ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱩᱨᱩᱢᱩᱴᱩ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ᱮ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱔᱒ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱛᱟᱢ ᱮ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹᱣᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ ᱩᱱᱩᱨᱩᱢ ᱠᱚ]] ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱩᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱞᱟᱜᱵᱷᱟᱜ ᱑᱒᱐᱐ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱛᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮᱭ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱚᱲᱚᱭ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>[http://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/default.aspx ᱦᱮᱞᱫᱤ ᱯᱤᱯᱚᱞ ᱒᱐᱒᱐]</ref> ==ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱟᱝᱼᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ== ᱱᱮᱼᱦᱟᱹᱞᱤ, ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱨ [[ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱟᱝᱼᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ]] ᱥᱟᱛᱟᱢ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ [[ᱮᱯᱤᱰᱮᱢᱤᱭᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ|ᱮᱯᱤᱰᱮᱢᱤᱭᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤᱥᱴ]] ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱨᱚᱡᱽ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱼᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱱᱚᱶᱟᱭ ᱩᱫᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱮ, ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱥ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱮᱡ ᱮᱠᱮᱱ ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱟᱠᱚ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹᱜᱼᱟ, ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱮ [[ᱨᱤᱫᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ]], [[ᱯᱮᱯᱴᱤᱠ ᱟᱞᱥᱟᱨ|ᱟᱞᱥᱟᱨ]], [[ᱴᱟᱭᱤᱯ ᱒ ᱰᱟᱭᱵᱮᱴᱤᱥ]], [[ᱨᱤᱣᱢᱮᱴᱚᱭᱮᱰ ᱟᱨᱛᱷᱨᱟᱭᱴᱤᱥ]], ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱠᱮᱱᱥᱟᱨ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱦᱟᱲᱟᱢᱚᱜ]] ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱼᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱼᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ#ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ|ᱮᱥᱹᱤᱹᱮᱥ ᱜᱽᱨᱮᱰᱤᱭᱮᱱᱴ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹᱛ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱮᱫ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱛᱚᱨᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ (ᱮ. ᱞᱮᱭ, ᱥᱤ. ᱡᱮᱱᱠᱥ, ᱮ. ᱠᱞᱟᱨᱠᱣᱮᱥᱴ — ᱨᱟᱥᱮᱞ ᱥᱮᱡᱽ ᱣᱟᱨᱠᱤᱝ ᱯᱮᱯᱚᱨᱥ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱢᱮ) ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱹᱬ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱩᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱮᱞᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ]] ᱵᱷᱮᱯᱮᱜᱽ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱟᱢᱟ᱾ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ [[ᱨᱤᱪᱟᱨᱰ ᱡᱤᱹ ᱣᱤᱞᱠᱤᱱᱥᱚᱱ]], ᱡᱮᱹ ᱞᱤᱸᱪ, ᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱹ ᱮᱹ ᱠᱟᱯᱞᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱩᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱴᱮᱨ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱥᱟᱢᱵᱽᱲᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱼᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱯᱨᱚᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽ ᱮᱢᱟᱭ᱾ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ [[ᱦᱚᱣᱟᱭᱤᱴᱦᱚᱞ ᱥᱴᱟᱰᱤ|ᱦᱚᱣᱟᱭᱤᱴᱦᱚᱞ ᱥᱴᱟᱰᱤᱡᱽ]] — [[ᱞᱚᱱᱰᱚᱱ]] ᱨᱮ [[ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]] ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱡᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ, ᱤᱝᱞᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱴᱮᱨ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ, ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱨᱚᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱚᱵᱷᱮᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ [[ᱵᱮᱭᱟᱢ]], [[ᱛᱷᱟᱢᱟᱠᱩᱨ ᱧᱩ|ᱥᱤᱜᱽᱨᱮᱴ ᱧᱩ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱯᱟᱹᱣᱨᱟᱹ|ᱯᱟᱹᱣᱨᱟᱹ ᱧᱩ]] ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱢᱵᱽᱲᱟᱣ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱜᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱮᱜᱚᱨ ᱦᱚᱸ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱜᱮ ᱨᱟᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱱ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱮᱢ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭᱟᱜ [[ᱴᱟᱭᱤᱯ ᱑ ᱰᱟᱭᱵᱮᱴᱤᱥ]] ᱥᱮ [[ᱨᱤᱣᱢᱮᱴᱚᱭᱮᱰ ᱟᱨᱛᱷᱨᱟᱭᱴᱤᱥ]] ᱧᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱢᱵᱷᱚᱵᱚᱱᱟ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱠᱚᱢᱟᱭᱟ — ᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱜᱮ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱼᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱨᱮ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱹᱬ ᱯᱩᱱ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ([[ᱞᱚᱠᱥᱮᱢᱵᱟᱨᱜᱽ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ [[ᱥᱞᱳᱵᱷᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟ]] ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱴ) ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱹᱬ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱱᱚ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜᱼᱟ{{ref|sci_amer_dec_2005}} — ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟᱭ ᱩᱫᱩᱜᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱹᱬ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱠᱟᱞ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱯᱨᱚᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽ ᱮᱢᱟᱭ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱩᱞᱟᱹᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱨᱚᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽ ᱮᱢᱟᱭ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ᱾ [[ᱢᱚᱱᱼᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱪᱤᱱᱛᱟᱹ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱚᱪᱚᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮ ᱨᱤᱠᱟᱹᱭᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱚᱱᱼᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ|ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ]] ᱫᱚ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱼᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ|ᱮᱥᱹᱤᱹᱮᱥ ᱜᱽᱨᱮᱰᱤᱭᱮᱱᱴ]] ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱮᱫ ᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱟᱝᱼᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱᱼᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱮ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱱ ᱮ ᱠᱷᱟᱨᱟᱯᱟ — ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱪᱤᱱᱛᱟᱹ (ᱨᱟᱱᱼᱢᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱱ)|ᱪᱤᱱᱛᱟᱹ]] ᱟᱨ ᱪᱤᱱᱛᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱟᱹᱣᱟ᱾ ᱨᱤᱪᱟᱨᱰ ᱣᱤᱞᱠᱤᱱᱥᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱩᱢᱩᱝ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ, ᱵᱚᱨᱚᱝ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱹᱬ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ᱾ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱟᱝᱼᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱦᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱜᱮ ᱠᱷᱟᱨᱟᱯᱟ᱾ ᱵᱟᱝᱼᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱩᱢᱩᱝ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱮ ᱯᱨᱚᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱮᱢᱟ᱾ [[ᱣᱤᱥᱠᱚᱱᱥᱤᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱯᱨᱟᱭᱢᱮᱴ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱱ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ]] ᱨᱮ ᱰᱮᱵᱷᱤᱰ ᱮᱭᱤᱪᱹ ᱮᱵᱳᱴ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱯᱨᱟᱭᱢᱮᱴ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ, ᱠᱚᱢ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱚᱲᱦᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱪᱤᱱᱛᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱨᱢᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱩᱲᱟᱹᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ [[ᱥᱴᱮᱱᱯᱷᱚᱨᱰ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ]] ᱨᱮᱱ [[ᱨᱚᱵᱟᱨᱴ ᱥᱟᱯᱳᱞᱥᱠᱤ]] ᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ᱜᱮᱭ ᱮᱢᱟ᱾ 32k6d1bu4odkn7jf8op36d9mrxinwr6 194432 194330 2026-07-13T10:46:02Z ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱗ 1744 194432 wikitext text/x-wiki {{short description|ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ}} '''ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ''' ᱫᱚ "ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ" ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref name="pmid12604476">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kindig D, Stoddart G | date = March 2003 | title = What is population health? | journal = American Journal of Public Health | volume = 93 | issue = 3| pages = 380–3 | doi=10.2105/ajph.93.3.380 |pmid=12604476 | pmc=1447747}}</ref> ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱜ [[ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ "ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ, ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱭᱤᱡ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱨᱩᱯ, ᱟᱨ [[ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱢᱵᱽᱲᱟᱣ|ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚ]]"᱾<ref name="pmid12604476" /> ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱷᱮᱯᱮᱫ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱣ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ [[ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱭᱤᱡ]] (ᱥᱮ.ᱰᱤ.ᱳ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ) ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱥᱮ.ᱰᱤ.ᱳ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ (ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ, ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱵᱮᱥ, ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱜᱚᱲᱦᱚᱱ) ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱦᱟᱨᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱩᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>[http://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/topicsobjectives2020/overview.aspx?topicid=39 Social Determinants of Health overview tab.]</ref> ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ-ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱷᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱮ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ [[ᱨᱟᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱱ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣᱮᱫ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ [[ᱫᱤᱥᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱠᱞᱟᱥᱤᱠ ᱠᱩᱨᱩᱢᱩᱴᱩ ᱠᱚ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱠᱷᱚᱡᱟ᱾ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱚᱱ ᱥᱳᱥᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱰᱤᱴᱟᱨᱢᱤᱱᱮᱱᱴᱥ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱦᱮᱞᱛᱷ ᱒᱐᱐᱘ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱤᱯᱳᱨᱴ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱡᱮ ᱥᱮ.ᱰᱤ.ᱳ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ ᱚᱡᱮ ᱠᱚᱜᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱷᱟᱹᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱟᱹᱭᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱚᱜᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>[https://www.who.int/sdhconference/resources/Conference_Report.pdf Meeting Report of World Conference of Social Determinants of Health] held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2008.</ref> ᱭᱩ.ᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ, ᱮᱲᱟᱣ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱗᱐% ᱫᱚ ᱥᱮ.ᱰᱤ.ᱳ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱟᱸᱡᱚᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | pmid = 11900188 | doi=10.1377/hlthaff.21.2.78 | volume=21 | title=The case for more active policy attention to health promotion | year=2002 | author=McGinnis JM, Williams-Russo P, Knickman JR | journal=Health Aff (Millwood) | issue=2 | pages=78–93 }}. See also [http://www.nap.edu/catalog/10548.html National Academies Press free publication: The Future of Public Health in the 21st Century.]</ref> ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱧᱮᱱᱮᱞ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ, ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱟᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ "ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱠᱷᱟᱯ ᱠᱷᱟᱣᱟᱣ, ᱛᱮᱞᱟ ᱮᱢ, ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱢᱵᱽᱲᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ" ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>Frankish, CJ et al. [http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/ph-sp/impact-repercussions/hiatp2.php "Health Impact Assessment as a Tool for Population Health Promotion and Public Policy"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100308083354/http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/ph-sp/impact-repercussions/hiatp2.php |date=8 March 2010 }}. Vancouver: Institute of Health Promotion Research, University of British Columbia, 1996. Retrieved 12 October 2008.</ref> [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ]] (ᱰᱟᱵᱽᱞᱩ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ.ᱳ) ᱑᱙᱔᱖ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ ᱨᱮ "ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ, ᱢᱚᱱᱮ, ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ [[ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱫᱩᱨᱵᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ" ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾<ref name="WHO definition">World Health Organization. [https://www.who.int/bulletin/archives/80(12)981.pdf ''WHO definition of Health''], Preamble to the Constitution of the World Health Organization as adopted by the International Health Conference, New York, 19–22 June 1946; signed on 22 July 1946 by the representatives of 61 States (Official Records of the World Health Organization, no. 2, p. 100) and entered into force on 7 April 1948. In {{cite journal|journal=Bulletin of the World Health Organization |year=2002|volume= 80 |issue=12|page=982|title=The Preamble of the Constitution of the World Health Organization|author=Grad, Frank P. |pmid=12571728|pmc=2567708}}</ref><ref name="WHO constitution">World Health Organization. 2006. [https://www.who.int/governance/eb/who_constitution_en.pdf ''Constitution of the World Health Organization''] – ''Basic Documents'', Forty-fifth edition, Supplement, October 2006.</ref> ==ᱦᱮᱞᱫᱤ ᱯᱤᱯᱚᱞ ᱒᱐᱒᱐== ᱦᱮᱞᱫᱤ ᱯᱤᱯᱚᱞ ᱒᱐᱒᱐, ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱣᱮᱵᱽᱥᱟᱭᱤᱴ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱭᱩ.ᱮᱥ. ᱰᱤᱯᱟᱨᱴᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱳᱯᱷ ᱦᱮᱞᱛᱷ ᱮᱱᱰ ᱦᱤᱣᱢᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱨᱵᱷᱤᱥᱮᱥ]] ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱨᱡᱚᱱ ᱡᱮᱱᱮᱨᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱚᱯᱷᱤᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱓᱔ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱩᱨᱩᱢᱩᱴᱩ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ᱮ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱔᱒ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱛᱟᱢ ᱮ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹᱣᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ ᱩᱱᱩᱨᱩᱢ ᱠᱚ]] ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱩᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱞᱟᱜᱵᱷᱟᱜ ᱑᱒᱐᱐ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱛᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮᱭ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱚᱲᱚᱭ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>[http://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/default.aspx ᱦᱮᱞᱫᱤ ᱯᱤᱯᱚᱞ ᱒᱐᱒᱐]</ref> ==ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱟᱝᱼᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ== ᱱᱮᱼᱦᱟᱹᱞᱤ, ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱨ [[ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱟᱝᱼᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ]] ᱥᱟᱛᱟᱢ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ [[ᱮᱯᱤᱰᱮᱢᱤᱭᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ|ᱮᱯᱤᱰᱮᱢᱤᱭᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤᱥᱴ]] ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱨᱚᱡᱽ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱼᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱱᱚᱶᱟᱭ ᱩᱫᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱮ, ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱥ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱮᱡ ᱮᱠᱮᱱ ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱟᱠᱚ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹᱜᱼᱟ, ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱮ [[ᱨᱤᱫᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ]], [[ᱯᱮᱯᱴᱤᱠ ᱟᱞᱥᱟᱨ|ᱟᱞᱥᱟᱨ]], [[ᱴᱟᱭᱤᱯ ᱒ ᱰᱟᱭᱵᱮᱴᱤᱥ]], [[ᱨᱤᱣᱢᱮᱴᱚᱭᱮᱰ ᱟᱨᱛᱷᱨᱟᱭᱴᱤᱥ]], ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱠᱮᱱᱥᱟᱨ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱦᱟᱲᱟᱢᱚᱜ]] ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱼᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱼᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ#ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ|ᱮᱥᱹᱤᱹᱮᱥ ᱜᱽᱨᱮᱰᱤᱭᱮᱱᱴ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹᱛ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱮᱫ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱛᱚᱨᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ (ᱮ. ᱞᱮᱭ, ᱥᱤ. ᱡᱮᱱᱠᱥ, ᱮ. ᱠᱞᱟᱨᱠᱣᱮᱥᱴ — ᱨᱟᱥᱮᱞ ᱥᱮᱡᱽ ᱣᱟᱨᱠᱤᱝ ᱯᱮᱯᱚᱨᱥ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱢᱮ) ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱹᱬ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱩᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱮᱞᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ]] ᱵᱷᱮᱯᱮᱜᱽ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱟᱢᱟ᱾ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ [[ᱨᱤᱪᱟᱨᱰ ᱡᱤᱹ ᱣᱤᱞᱠᱤᱱᱥᱚᱱ]], ᱡᱮᱹ ᱞᱤᱸᱪ, ᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱹ ᱮᱹ ᱠᱟᱯᱞᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱩᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱴᱮᱨ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱥᱟᱢᱵᱽᱲᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱼᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱯᱨᱚᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽ ᱮᱢᱟᱭ᱾ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ [[ᱦᱚᱣᱟᱭᱤᱴᱦᱚᱞ ᱥᱴᱟᱰᱤ|ᱦᱚᱣᱟᱭᱤᱴᱦᱚᱞ ᱥᱴᱟᱰᱤᱡᱽ]] — [[ᱞᱚᱱᱰᱚᱱ]] ᱨᱮ [[ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]] ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱡᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ, ᱤᱝᱞᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱴᱮᱨ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ, ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱨᱚᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱚᱵᱷᱮᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ [[ᱵᱮᱭᱟᱢ]], [[ᱛᱷᱟᱢᱟᱠᱩᱨ ᱧᱩ|ᱥᱤᱜᱽᱨᱮᱴ ᱧᱩ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱯᱟᱹᱣᱨᱟᱹ|ᱯᱟᱹᱣᱨᱟᱹ ᱧᱩ]] ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱢᱵᱽᱲᱟᱣ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱜᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱮᱜᱚᱨ ᱦᱚᱸ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱜᱮ ᱨᱟᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱱ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱮᱢ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭᱟᱜ [[ᱴᱟᱭᱤᱯ ᱑ ᱰᱟᱭᱵᱮᱴᱤᱥ]] ᱥᱮ [[ᱨᱤᱣᱢᱮᱴᱚᱭᱮᱰ ᱟᱨᱛᱷᱨᱟᱭᱴᱤᱥ]] ᱧᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱢᱵᱷᱚᱵᱚᱱᱟ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱠᱚᱢᱟᱭᱟ — ᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱜᱮ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱼᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱨᱮ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱹᱬ ᱯᱩᱱ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ([[ᱞᱚᱠᱥᱮᱢᱵᱟᱨᱜᱽ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ [[ᱥᱞᱳᱵᱷᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟ]] ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱴ) ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱹᱬ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱱᱚ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜᱼᱟ{{ref|sci_amer_dec_2005}} — ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟᱭ ᱩᱫᱩᱜᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱹᱬ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱠᱟᱞ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱯᱨᱚᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽ ᱮᱢᱟᱭ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱩᱞᱟᱹᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱨᱚᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽ ᱮᱢᱟᱭ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ᱾ [[ᱢᱚᱱᱼᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱪᱤᱱᱛᱟᱹ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱚᱪᱚᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮ ᱨᱤᱠᱟᱹᱭᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱚᱱᱼᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ|ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ]] ᱫᱚ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱼᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ|ᱮᱥᱹᱤᱹᱮᱥ ᱜᱽᱨᱮᱰᱤᱭᱮᱱᱴ]] ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱮᱫ ᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱟᱝᱼᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱᱼᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱮ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱱ ᱮ ᱠᱷᱟᱨᱟᱯᱟ — ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱪᱤᱱᱛᱟᱹ (ᱨᱟᱱᱼᱢᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱱ)|ᱪᱤᱱᱛᱟᱹ]] ᱟᱨ ᱪᱤᱱᱛᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱟᱹᱣᱟ᱾ ᱨᱤᱪᱟᱨᱰ ᱣᱤᱞᱠᱤᱱᱥᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱩᱢᱩᱝ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ, ᱵᱚᱨᱚᱝ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱹᱬ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ᱾ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱟᱝᱼᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱦᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱜᱮ ᱠᱷᱟᱨᱟᱯᱟ᱾ ᱵᱟᱝᱼᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱩᱢᱩᱝ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱮ ᱯᱨᱚᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱮᱢᱟ᱾ [[ᱣᱤᱥᱠᱚᱱᱥᱤᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱯᱨᱟᱭᱢᱮᱴ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱱ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ]] ᱨᱮ ᱰᱮᱵᱷᱤᱰ ᱮᱭᱤᱪᱹ ᱮᱵᱳᱴ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱯᱨᱟᱭᱢᱮᱴ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ, ᱠᱚᱢ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱚᱲᱦᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱪᱤᱱᱛᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱨᱢᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱩᱲᱟᱹᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ [[ᱥᱴᱮᱱᱯᱷᱚᱨᱰ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ]] ᱨᱮᱱ [[ᱨᱚᱵᱟᱨᱴ ᱥᱟᱯᱳᱞᱥᱠᱤ]] ᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ᱜᱮᱭ ᱮᱢᱟ᱾ == ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜᱟᱱ ᱵᱮ-ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ == ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜᱟᱱ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱚᱞ-ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱚᱪ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜᱟᱱ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱟᱥᱯᱟᱛᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱯᱷᱟᱨᱮᱞ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱷᱟᱨ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜᱼᱟ (ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱢ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱓᱐᱖ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ)᱾<ref>{{cite book |author1=Chandra, A |author2=Skinner, JS | title= Geography and Racial Health Disparities, Chapter 16 of Critical Perspectives on Racial and Ethnic Differences in Health in Late Life. |year=2004|publisher=National Research Council|url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/6555551.pdf}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.dartmouthatlas.org/data/region/| title=Data by Region, the Dartmouth Atlas of Health Care|access-date=16 November 2013}}</ref> ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ, ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ-ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱫᱩᱜᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱰᱟᱴᱟ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱞ, ᱰᱟᱴᱟ ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜᱟᱱ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ᱾ ᱓᱘ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱳ.ᱤ.ᱥᱤ.ᱰᱤ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ, ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ, ᱥᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ-ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱮᱱᱴᱤᱴᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ, ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱩᱫᱩᱜᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱜᱮ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜᱟᱱ ᱛᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱫᱩᱜᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱜᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜᱟᱱ ᱩᱱᱩᱨᱩᱢ, ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱫᱩᱜᱤᱭᱟᱹ, ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱜᱮ, ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜᱟᱱ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱥᱩᱢᱩᱝ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱤᱠ ᱩᱱᱩᱨᱩᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Murray|first1=Emily T.|last2=Shelton|first2=Nicola|last3=Norman|first3=Paul|last4=Head|first4=Jenny|date=2022-01-01|title=Measuring the health of people in places: A scoping review of OECD member countries|journal=Health & Place|language=en|volume=73|article-number=102731|doi=10.1016/j.healthplace.2021.102731|pmid=34929525|s2cid=245322428|issn=1353-8292|doi-access=free}}</ref> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ, ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱝ, ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ, ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱛᱷᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱯᱮᱠᱷᱤᱠ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱤᱛ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱨᱟᱯᱟᱪᱟᱜ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ᱾ [[ᱮᱸᱜᱟᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱣᱨᱳ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱯᱤᱰᱮᱢᱤᱭᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ ᱚᱯᱷᱤᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱲᱮ-ᱯᱟᱥᱮ (ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜᱟᱱ) ᱵᱷᱮᱨᱤᱭᱮᱵᱚᱞ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱱᱯᱷᱟᱣᱩᱱᱰᱤᱝ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱮᱫ|ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝ-ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ]] ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱮᱡ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱤᱥᱞᱮᱥᱚᱱᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ (ᱯᱷᱤᱠᱥᱰ ᱮᱯᱷᱮᱠᱴᱥ ᱥᱮ ᱦᱟᱭᱵᱨᱤᱰ ᱯᱷᱤᱠᱥᱰ ᱮᱯᱷᱮᱠᱴᱥ) ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱤᱥᱟᱹ ᱮ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾{{cn|date=June 2023}} jpykqq72y7n3xgvm8osx6wya7nz5kl6 194433 194432 2026-07-13T10:47:12Z ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱗ 1744 /* ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜᱟᱱ ᱵᱮ-ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ */ 194433 wikitext text/x-wiki {{short description|ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ}} '''ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ''' ᱫᱚ "ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ" ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref name="pmid12604476">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kindig D, Stoddart G | date = March 2003 | title = What is population health? | journal = American Journal of Public Health | volume = 93 | issue = 3| pages = 380–3 | doi=10.2105/ajph.93.3.380 |pmid=12604476 | pmc=1447747}}</ref> ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱜ [[ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ "ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ, ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱭᱤᱡ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱨᱩᱯ, ᱟᱨ [[ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱢᱵᱽᱲᱟᱣ|ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚ]]"᱾<ref name="pmid12604476" /> ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱷᱮᱯᱮᱫ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱣ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ [[ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱭᱤᱡ]] (ᱥᱮ.ᱰᱤ.ᱳ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ) ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱥᱮ.ᱰᱤ.ᱳ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ (ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ, ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱵᱮᱥ, ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱜᱚᱲᱦᱚᱱ) ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱦᱟᱨᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱩᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>[http://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/topicsobjectives2020/overview.aspx?topicid=39 Social Determinants of Health overview tab.]</ref> ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ-ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱷᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱮ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ [[ᱨᱟᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱱ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣᱮᱫ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ [[ᱫᱤᱥᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱠᱞᱟᱥᱤᱠ ᱠᱩᱨᱩᱢᱩᱴᱩ ᱠᱚ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱠᱷᱚᱡᱟ᱾ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱚᱱ ᱥᱳᱥᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱰᱤᱴᱟᱨᱢᱤᱱᱮᱱᱴᱥ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱦᱮᱞᱛᱷ ᱒᱐᱐᱘ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱤᱯᱳᱨᱴ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱡᱮ ᱥᱮ.ᱰᱤ.ᱳ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ ᱚᱡᱮ ᱠᱚᱜᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱷᱟᱹᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱟᱹᱭᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱚᱜᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>[https://www.who.int/sdhconference/resources/Conference_Report.pdf Meeting Report of World Conference of Social Determinants of Health] held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2008.</ref> ᱭᱩ.ᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ, ᱮᱲᱟᱣ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱗᱐% ᱫᱚ ᱥᱮ.ᱰᱤ.ᱳ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱟᱸᱡᱚᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | pmid = 11900188 | doi=10.1377/hlthaff.21.2.78 | volume=21 | title=The case for more active policy attention to health promotion | year=2002 | author=McGinnis JM, Williams-Russo P, Knickman JR | journal=Health Aff (Millwood) | issue=2 | pages=78–93 }}. See also [http://www.nap.edu/catalog/10548.html National Academies Press free publication: The Future of Public Health in the 21st Century.]</ref> ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱧᱮᱱᱮᱞ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ, ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱟᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ "ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱠᱷᱟᱯ ᱠᱷᱟᱣᱟᱣ, ᱛᱮᱞᱟ ᱮᱢ, ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱢᱵᱽᱲᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ" ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>Frankish, CJ et al. [http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/ph-sp/impact-repercussions/hiatp2.php "Health Impact Assessment as a Tool for Population Health Promotion and Public Policy"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100308083354/http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/ph-sp/impact-repercussions/hiatp2.php |date=8 March 2010 }}. Vancouver: Institute of Health Promotion Research, University of British Columbia, 1996. Retrieved 12 October 2008.</ref> [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ]] (ᱰᱟᱵᱽᱞᱩ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ.ᱳ) ᱑᱙᱔᱖ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ ᱨᱮ "ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ, ᱢᱚᱱᱮ, ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ [[ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱫᱩᱨᱵᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ" ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾<ref name="WHO definition">World Health Organization. [https://www.who.int/bulletin/archives/80(12)981.pdf ''WHO definition of Health''], Preamble to the Constitution of the World Health Organization as adopted by the International Health Conference, New York, 19–22 June 1946; signed on 22 July 1946 by the representatives of 61 States (Official Records of the World Health Organization, no. 2, p. 100) and entered into force on 7 April 1948. In {{cite journal|journal=Bulletin of the World Health Organization |year=2002|volume= 80 |issue=12|page=982|title=The Preamble of the Constitution of the World Health Organization|author=Grad, Frank P. |pmid=12571728|pmc=2567708}}</ref><ref name="WHO constitution">World Health Organization. 2006. [https://www.who.int/governance/eb/who_constitution_en.pdf ''Constitution of the World Health Organization''] – ''Basic Documents'', Forty-fifth edition, Supplement, October 2006.</ref> ==ᱦᱮᱞᱫᱤ ᱯᱤᱯᱚᱞ ᱒᱐᱒᱐== ᱦᱮᱞᱫᱤ ᱯᱤᱯᱚᱞ ᱒᱐᱒᱐, ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱣᱮᱵᱽᱥᱟᱭᱤᱴ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱭᱩ.ᱮᱥ. ᱰᱤᱯᱟᱨᱴᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱳᱯᱷ ᱦᱮᱞᱛᱷ ᱮᱱᱰ ᱦᱤᱣᱢᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱨᱵᱷᱤᱥᱮᱥ]] ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱨᱡᱚᱱ ᱡᱮᱱᱮᱨᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱚᱯᱷᱤᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱓᱔ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱩᱨᱩᱢᱩᱴᱩ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ᱮ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱔᱒ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱛᱟᱢ ᱮ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹᱣᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ ᱩᱱᱩᱨᱩᱢ ᱠᱚ]] ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱩᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱞᱟᱜᱵᱷᱟᱜ ᱑᱒᱐᱐ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱛᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮᱭ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱚᱲᱚᱭ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>[http://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/default.aspx ᱦᱮᱞᱫᱤ ᱯᱤᱯᱚᱞ ᱒᱐᱒᱐]</ref> ==ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱟᱝᱼᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ== ᱱᱮᱼᱦᱟᱹᱞᱤ, ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱨ [[ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱟᱝᱼᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ]] ᱥᱟᱛᱟᱢ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ [[ᱮᱯᱤᱰᱮᱢᱤᱭᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ|ᱮᱯᱤᱰᱮᱢᱤᱭᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤᱥᱴ]] ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱨᱚᱡᱽ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱼᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱱᱚᱶᱟᱭ ᱩᱫᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱮ, ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱥ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱮᱡ ᱮᱠᱮᱱ ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱟᱠᱚ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹᱜᱼᱟ, ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱮ [[ᱨᱤᱫᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ]], [[ᱯᱮᱯᱴᱤᱠ ᱟᱞᱥᱟᱨ|ᱟᱞᱥᱟᱨ]], [[ᱴᱟᱭᱤᱯ ᱒ ᱰᱟᱭᱵᱮᱴᱤᱥ]], [[ᱨᱤᱣᱢᱮᱴᱚᱭᱮᱰ ᱟᱨᱛᱷᱨᱟᱭᱴᱤᱥ]], ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱠᱮᱱᱥᱟᱨ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱦᱟᱲᱟᱢᱚᱜ]] ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱼᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱼᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ#ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ|ᱮᱥᱹᱤᱹᱮᱥ ᱜᱽᱨᱮᱰᱤᱭᱮᱱᱴ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹᱛ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱮᱫ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱛᱚᱨᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ (ᱮ. ᱞᱮᱭ, ᱥᱤ. ᱡᱮᱱᱠᱥ, ᱮ. ᱠᱞᱟᱨᱠᱣᱮᱥᱴ — ᱨᱟᱥᱮᱞ ᱥᱮᱡᱽ ᱣᱟᱨᱠᱤᱝ ᱯᱮᱯᱚᱨᱥ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱢᱮ) ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱹᱬ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱩᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱮᱞᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ]] ᱵᱷᱮᱯᱮᱜᱽ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱟᱢᱟ᱾ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ [[ᱨᱤᱪᱟᱨᱰ ᱡᱤᱹ ᱣᱤᱞᱠᱤᱱᱥᱚᱱ]], ᱡᱮᱹ ᱞᱤᱸᱪ, ᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱹ ᱮᱹ ᱠᱟᱯᱞᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱩᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱴᱮᱨ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱥᱟᱢᱵᱽᱲᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱼᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱯᱨᱚᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽ ᱮᱢᱟᱭ᱾ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ [[ᱦᱚᱣᱟᱭᱤᱴᱦᱚᱞ ᱥᱴᱟᱰᱤ|ᱦᱚᱣᱟᱭᱤᱴᱦᱚᱞ ᱥᱴᱟᱰᱤᱡᱽ]] — [[ᱞᱚᱱᱰᱚᱱ]] ᱨᱮ [[ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]] ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱡᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ, ᱤᱝᱞᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱴᱮᱨ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ, ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱨᱚᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱚᱵᱷᱮᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ [[ᱵᱮᱭᱟᱢ]], [[ᱛᱷᱟᱢᱟᱠᱩᱨ ᱧᱩ|ᱥᱤᱜᱽᱨᱮᱴ ᱧᱩ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱯᱟᱹᱣᱨᱟᱹ|ᱯᱟᱹᱣᱨᱟᱹ ᱧᱩ]] ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱢᱵᱽᱲᱟᱣ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱜᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱮᱜᱚᱨ ᱦᱚᱸ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱜᱮ ᱨᱟᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱱ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱮᱢ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭᱟᱜ [[ᱴᱟᱭᱤᱯ ᱑ ᱰᱟᱭᱵᱮᱴᱤᱥ]] ᱥᱮ [[ᱨᱤᱣᱢᱮᱴᱚᱭᱮᱰ ᱟᱨᱛᱷᱨᱟᱭᱴᱤᱥ]] ᱧᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱢᱵᱷᱚᱵᱚᱱᱟ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱠᱚᱢᱟᱭᱟ — ᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱜᱮ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱼᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱨᱮ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱹᱬ ᱯᱩᱱ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ([[ᱞᱚᱠᱥᱮᱢᱵᱟᱨᱜᱽ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ [[ᱥᱞᱳᱵᱷᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟ]] ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱴ) ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱹᱬ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱱᱚ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜᱼᱟ{{ref|sci_amer_dec_2005}} — ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟᱭ ᱩᱫᱩᱜᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱹᱬ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱠᱟᱞ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱯᱨᱚᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽ ᱮᱢᱟᱭ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱩᱞᱟᱹᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱨᱚᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽ ᱮᱢᱟᱭ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ᱾ [[ᱢᱚᱱᱼᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱪᱤᱱᱛᱟᱹ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱚᱪᱚᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮ ᱨᱤᱠᱟᱹᱭᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱚᱱᱼᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ|ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ]] ᱫᱚ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱼᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ|ᱮᱥᱹᱤᱹᱮᱥ ᱜᱽᱨᱮᱰᱤᱭᱮᱱᱴ]] ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱮᱫ ᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱟᱝᱼᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱᱼᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱮ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱱ ᱮ ᱠᱷᱟᱨᱟᱯᱟ — ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱪᱤᱱᱛᱟᱹ (ᱨᱟᱱᱼᱢᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱱ)|ᱪᱤᱱᱛᱟᱹ]] ᱟᱨ ᱪᱤᱱᱛᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱟᱹᱣᱟ᱾ ᱨᱤᱪᱟᱨᱰ ᱣᱤᱞᱠᱤᱱᱥᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱩᱢᱩᱝ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ, ᱵᱚᱨᱚᱝ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱹᱬ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ᱾ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱟᱝᱼᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱦᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱜᱮ ᱠᱷᱟᱨᱟᱯᱟ᱾ ᱵᱟᱝᱼᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱩᱢᱩᱝ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱮ ᱯᱨᱚᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱮᱢᱟ᱾ [[ᱣᱤᱥᱠᱚᱱᱥᱤᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱯᱨᱟᱭᱢᱮᱴ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱱ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ]] ᱨᱮ ᱰᱮᱵᱷᱤᱰ ᱮᱭᱤᱪᱹ ᱮᱵᱳᱴ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱯᱨᱟᱭᱢᱮᱴ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ, ᱠᱚᱢ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱚᱲᱦᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱪᱤᱱᱛᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱨᱢᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱩᱲᱟᱹᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ [[ᱥᱴᱮᱱᱯᱷᱚᱨᱰ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ]] ᱨᱮᱱ [[ᱨᱚᱵᱟᱨᱴ ᱥᱟᱯᱳᱞᱥᱠᱤ]] ᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ᱜᱮᱭ ᱮᱢᱟ᱾ == ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜᱟᱱ ᱵᱮ-ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ == ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜᱟᱱ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱚᱞ-ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱚᱪ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜᱟᱱ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱟᱥᱯᱟᱛᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱯᱷᱟᱨᱮᱞ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱷᱟᱨ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜᱼᱟ (ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱢ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱓᱐᱖ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ)᱾<ref>{{cite book |author1=Chandra, A |author2=Skinner, JS | title= Geography and Racial Health Disparities, Chapter 16 of Critical Perspectives on Racial and Ethnic Differences in Health in Late Life. |year=2004|publisher=National Research Council|url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/6555551.pdf}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.dartmouthatlas.org/data/region/| title=Data by Region, the Dartmouth Atlas of Health Care|access-date=16 November 2013}}</ref> ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ, ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ-ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱫᱩᱜᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱰᱟᱴᱟ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱞ, ᱰᱟᱴᱟ ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜᱟᱱ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ᱾ ᱓᱘ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱳ.ᱤ.ᱥᱤ.ᱰᱤ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ, ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ, ᱥᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ-ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱮᱱᱴᱤᱴᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ, ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱩᱫᱩᱜᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱜᱮ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜᱟᱱ ᱛᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱫᱩᱜᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱜᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜᱟᱱ ᱩᱱᱩᱨᱩᱢ, ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱫᱩᱜᱤᱭᱟᱹ, ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱜᱮ, ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜᱟᱱ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱥᱩᱢᱩᱝ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱤᱠ ᱩᱱᱩᱨᱩᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Murray|first1=Emily T.|last2=Shelton|first2=Nicola|last3=Norman|first3=Paul|last4=Head|first4=Jenny|date=2022-01-01|title=Measuring the health of people in places: A scoping review of OECD member countries|journal=Health & Place|language=en|volume=73|article-number=102731|doi=10.1016/j.healthplace.2021.102731|pmid=34929525|s2cid=245322428|issn=1353-8292|doi-access=free}}</ref> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ, ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱝ, ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ, ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱛᱷᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱯᱮᱠᱷᱤᱠ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱤᱛ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱨᱟᱯᱟᱪᱟᱜ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ᱾ [[ᱮᱸᱜᱟᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱣᱨᱳ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱯᱤᱰᱮᱢᱤᱭᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ ᱚᱯᱷᱤᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱲᱮ-ᱯᱟᱥᱮ (ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜᱟᱱ) ᱵᱷᱮᱨᱤᱭᱮᱵᱚᱞ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱱᱯᱷᱟᱣᱩᱱᱰᱤᱝ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱮᱫ|ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝ-ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ]] ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱮᱡ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱤᱥᱞᱮᱥᱚᱱᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ (ᱯᱷᱤᱠᱥᱰ ᱮᱯᱷᱮᱠᱴᱥ ᱥᱮ ᱦᱟᱭᱵᱨᱤᱰ ᱯᱷᱤᱠᱥᱰ ᱮᱯᱷᱮᱠᱴᱥ) ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱤᱥᱟᱹ ᱮ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾{{cn|date=June 2023}} == ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱞᱚᱪᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ == ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱱᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱮᱛᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱞᱚᱪᱚᱱᱟ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Coburn |first1=David |last2=Denny |first2=Keith |last3=Mykhalovskiy |first3=Eric |last4=McDonough |first4=Peggy |last5=Robertson |first5=Ann |last6=Love |first6=Rhonda |title=Population Health in Canada: A Brief Critique |journal=American Journal of Public Health |date=2003 |volume=93 |issue=3 |pages=392–396 |doi=10.2105/AJPH.93.3.392 |pmid=12604479 |pmc=1447750 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Raphael |first1=Dennis |last2=Bryant |first2=Toba |title=The limitations of population health as a model for a new public health |journal=Health Promotion International |date=1 June 2002 |volume=17 |issue=2 |pages=189–199 |doi=10.1093/heapro/17.2.189 |pmid=11986300 |doi-access=free }}</ref> ig9z7qkx16degazlsjj4jvb1uwcbce0 194435 194433 2026-07-13T10:51:11Z ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱗ 1744 /* ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱞᱚᱪᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ */ 194435 wikitext text/x-wiki {{short description|ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ}} '''ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ''' ᱫᱚ "ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ" ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref name="pmid12604476">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kindig D, Stoddart G | date = March 2003 | title = What is population health? | journal = American Journal of Public Health | volume = 93 | issue = 3| pages = 380–3 | doi=10.2105/ajph.93.3.380 |pmid=12604476 | pmc=1447747}}</ref> ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱜ [[ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ "ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ, ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱭᱤᱡ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱨᱩᱯ, ᱟᱨ [[ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱢᱵᱽᱲᱟᱣ|ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚ]]"᱾<ref name="pmid12604476" /> ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱷᱮᱯᱮᱫ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱣ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ [[ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱭᱤᱡ]] (ᱥᱮ.ᱰᱤ.ᱳ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ) ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱥᱮ.ᱰᱤ.ᱳ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ (ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ, ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱵᱮᱥ, ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱜᱚᱲᱦᱚᱱ) ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱦᱟᱨᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱩᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>[http://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/topicsobjectives2020/overview.aspx?topicid=39 Social Determinants of Health overview tab.]</ref> ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ-ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱷᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱮ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ [[ᱨᱟᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱱ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣᱮᱫ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ [[ᱫᱤᱥᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱠᱞᱟᱥᱤᱠ ᱠᱩᱨᱩᱢᱩᱴᱩ ᱠᱚ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱠᱷᱚᱡᱟ᱾ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱚᱱ ᱥᱳᱥᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱰᱤᱴᱟᱨᱢᱤᱱᱮᱱᱴᱥ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱦᱮᱞᱛᱷ ᱒᱐᱐᱘ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱤᱯᱳᱨᱴ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱡᱮ ᱥᱮ.ᱰᱤ.ᱳ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ ᱚᱡᱮ ᱠᱚᱜᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱷᱟᱹᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱟᱹᱭᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱚᱜᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>[https://www.who.int/sdhconference/resources/Conference_Report.pdf Meeting Report of World Conference of Social Determinants of Health] held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2008.</ref> ᱭᱩ.ᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ, ᱮᱲᱟᱣ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱗᱐% ᱫᱚ ᱥᱮ.ᱰᱤ.ᱳ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱟᱸᱡᱚᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | pmid = 11900188 | doi=10.1377/hlthaff.21.2.78 | volume=21 | title=The case for more active policy attention to health promotion | year=2002 | author=McGinnis JM, Williams-Russo P, Knickman JR | journal=Health Aff (Millwood) | issue=2 | pages=78–93 }}. See also [http://www.nap.edu/catalog/10548.html National Academies Press free publication: The Future of Public Health in the 21st Century.]</ref> ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱧᱮᱱᱮᱞ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ, ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱟᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ "ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱠᱷᱟᱯ ᱠᱷᱟᱣᱟᱣ, ᱛᱮᱞᱟ ᱮᱢ, ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱢᱵᱽᱲᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ" ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>Frankish, CJ et al. [http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/ph-sp/impact-repercussions/hiatp2.php "Health Impact Assessment as a Tool for Population Health Promotion and Public Policy"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100308083354/http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/ph-sp/impact-repercussions/hiatp2.php |date=8 March 2010 }}. Vancouver: Institute of Health Promotion Research, University of British Columbia, 1996. Retrieved 12 October 2008.</ref> [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ]] (ᱰᱟᱵᱽᱞᱩ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ.ᱳ) ᱑᱙᱔᱖ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ ᱨᱮ "ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ, ᱢᱚᱱᱮ, ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ [[ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱫᱩᱨᱵᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ" ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾<ref name="WHO definition">World Health Organization. [https://www.who.int/bulletin/archives/80(12)981.pdf ''WHO definition of Health''], Preamble to the Constitution of the World Health Organization as adopted by the International Health Conference, New York, 19–22 June 1946; signed on 22 July 1946 by the representatives of 61 States (Official Records of the World Health Organization, no. 2, p. 100) and entered into force on 7 April 1948. In {{cite journal|journal=Bulletin of the World Health Organization |year=2002|volume= 80 |issue=12|page=982|title=The Preamble of the Constitution of the World Health Organization|author=Grad, Frank P. |pmid=12571728|pmc=2567708}}</ref><ref name="WHO constitution">World Health Organization. 2006. [https://www.who.int/governance/eb/who_constitution_en.pdf ''Constitution of the World Health Organization''] – ''Basic Documents'', Forty-fifth edition, Supplement, October 2006.</ref> ==ᱦᱮᱞᱫᱤ ᱯᱤᱯᱚᱞ ᱒᱐᱒᱐== ᱦᱮᱞᱫᱤ ᱯᱤᱯᱚᱞ ᱒᱐᱒᱐, ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱣᱮᱵᱽᱥᱟᱭᱤᱴ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱭᱩ.ᱮᱥ. ᱰᱤᱯᱟᱨᱴᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱳᱯᱷ ᱦᱮᱞᱛᱷ ᱮᱱᱰ ᱦᱤᱣᱢᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱨᱵᱷᱤᱥᱮᱥ]] ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱨᱡᱚᱱ ᱡᱮᱱᱮᱨᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱚᱯᱷᱤᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱓᱔ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱩᱨᱩᱢᱩᱴᱩ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ᱮ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱔᱒ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱛᱟᱢ ᱮ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹᱣᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ ᱩᱱᱩᱨᱩᱢ ᱠᱚ]] ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱩᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱞᱟᱜᱵᱷᱟᱜ ᱑᱒᱐᱐ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱛᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮᱭ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱚᱲᱚᱭ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>[http://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/default.aspx ᱦᱮᱞᱫᱤ ᱯᱤᱯᱚᱞ ᱒᱐᱒᱐]</ref> ==ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱟᱝᱼᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ== ᱱᱮᱼᱦᱟᱹᱞᱤ, ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱨ [[ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱟᱝᱼᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ]] ᱥᱟᱛᱟᱢ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ [[ᱮᱯᱤᱰᱮᱢᱤᱭᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ|ᱮᱯᱤᱰᱮᱢᱤᱭᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤᱥᱴ]] ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱨᱚᱡᱽ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱼᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱱᱚᱶᱟᱭ ᱩᱫᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱮ, ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱥ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱮᱡ ᱮᱠᱮᱱ ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱟᱠᱚ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹᱜᱼᱟ, ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱮ [[ᱨᱤᱫᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ]], [[ᱯᱮᱯᱴᱤᱠ ᱟᱞᱥᱟᱨ|ᱟᱞᱥᱟᱨ]], [[ᱴᱟᱭᱤᱯ ᱒ ᱰᱟᱭᱵᱮᱴᱤᱥ]], [[ᱨᱤᱣᱢᱮᱴᱚᱭᱮᱰ ᱟᱨᱛᱷᱨᱟᱭᱴᱤᱥ]], ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱠᱮᱱᱥᱟᱨ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱦᱟᱲᱟᱢᱚᱜ]] ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱼᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱼᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ#ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ|ᱮᱥᱹᱤᱹᱮᱥ ᱜᱽᱨᱮᱰᱤᱭᱮᱱᱴ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹᱛ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱮᱫ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱛᱚᱨᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ (ᱮ. ᱞᱮᱭ, ᱥᱤ. ᱡᱮᱱᱠᱥ, ᱮ. ᱠᱞᱟᱨᱠᱣᱮᱥᱴ — ᱨᱟᱥᱮᱞ ᱥᱮᱡᱽ ᱣᱟᱨᱠᱤᱝ ᱯᱮᱯᱚᱨᱥ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱢᱮ) ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱹᱬ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱩᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱮᱞᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ]] ᱵᱷᱮᱯᱮᱜᱽ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱟᱢᱟ᱾ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ [[ᱨᱤᱪᱟᱨᱰ ᱡᱤᱹ ᱣᱤᱞᱠᱤᱱᱥᱚᱱ]], ᱡᱮᱹ ᱞᱤᱸᱪ, ᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱹ ᱮᱹ ᱠᱟᱯᱞᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱩᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱴᱮᱨ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱥᱟᱢᱵᱽᱲᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱼᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱯᱨᱚᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽ ᱮᱢᱟᱭ᱾ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ [[ᱦᱚᱣᱟᱭᱤᱴᱦᱚᱞ ᱥᱴᱟᱰᱤ|ᱦᱚᱣᱟᱭᱤᱴᱦᱚᱞ ᱥᱴᱟᱰᱤᱡᱽ]] — [[ᱞᱚᱱᱰᱚᱱ]] ᱨᱮ [[ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]] ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱡᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ, ᱤᱝᱞᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱴᱮᱨ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ, ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱨᱚᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱚᱵᱷᱮᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ [[ᱵᱮᱭᱟᱢ]], [[ᱛᱷᱟᱢᱟᱠᱩᱨ ᱧᱩ|ᱥᱤᱜᱽᱨᱮᱴ ᱧᱩ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱯᱟᱹᱣᱨᱟᱹ|ᱯᱟᱹᱣᱨᱟᱹ ᱧᱩ]] ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱢᱵᱽᱲᱟᱣ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱜᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱮᱜᱚᱨ ᱦᱚᱸ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱜᱮ ᱨᱟᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱱ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱮᱢ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭᱟᱜ [[ᱴᱟᱭᱤᱯ ᱑ ᱰᱟᱭᱵᱮᱴᱤᱥ]] ᱥᱮ [[ᱨᱤᱣᱢᱮᱴᱚᱭᱮᱰ ᱟᱨᱛᱷᱨᱟᱭᱴᱤᱥ]] ᱧᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱢᱵᱷᱚᱵᱚᱱᱟ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱠᱚᱢᱟᱭᱟ — ᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱜᱮ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱼᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱨᱮ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱹᱬ ᱯᱩᱱ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ([[ᱞᱚᱠᱥᱮᱢᱵᱟᱨᱜᱽ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ [[ᱥᱞᱳᱵᱷᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟ]] ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱴ) ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱹᱬ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱱᱚ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜᱼᱟ{{ref|sci_amer_dec_2005}} — ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟᱭ ᱩᱫᱩᱜᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱹᱬ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱠᱟᱞ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱯᱨᱚᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽ ᱮᱢᱟᱭ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱩᱞᱟᱹᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱨᱚᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽ ᱮᱢᱟᱭ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ᱾ [[ᱢᱚᱱᱼᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱪᱤᱱᱛᱟᱹ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱚᱪᱚᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮ ᱨᱤᱠᱟᱹᱭᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱚᱱᱼᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ|ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ]] ᱫᱚ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱼᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ|ᱮᱥᱹᱤᱹᱮᱥ ᱜᱽᱨᱮᱰᱤᱭᱮᱱᱴ]] ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱮᱫ ᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱟᱝᱼᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱᱼᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱮ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱱ ᱮ ᱠᱷᱟᱨᱟᱯᱟ — ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱪᱤᱱᱛᱟᱹ (ᱨᱟᱱᱼᱢᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱱ)|ᱪᱤᱱᱛᱟᱹ]] ᱟᱨ ᱪᱤᱱᱛᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱟᱹᱣᱟ᱾ ᱨᱤᱪᱟᱨᱰ ᱣᱤᱞᱠᱤᱱᱥᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱩᱢᱩᱝ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ, ᱵᱚᱨᱚᱝ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱹᱬ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ᱾ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱟᱝᱼᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱦᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱜᱮ ᱠᱷᱟᱨᱟᱯᱟ᱾ ᱵᱟᱝᱼᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱩᱢᱩᱝ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱮ ᱯᱨᱚᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱮᱢᱟ᱾ [[ᱣᱤᱥᱠᱚᱱᱥᱤᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱯᱨᱟᱭᱢᱮᱴ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱱ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ]] ᱨᱮ ᱰᱮᱵᱷᱤᱰ ᱮᱭᱤᱪᱹ ᱮᱵᱳᱴ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱯᱨᱟᱭᱢᱮᱴ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ, ᱠᱚᱢ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱚᱲᱦᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱪᱤᱱᱛᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱨᱢᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱩᱲᱟᱹᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ [[ᱥᱴᱮᱱᱯᱷᱚᱨᱰ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ]] ᱨᱮᱱ [[ᱨᱚᱵᱟᱨᱴ ᱥᱟᱯᱳᱞᱥᱠᱤ]] ᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ᱜᱮᱭ ᱮᱢᱟ᱾ == ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜᱟᱱ ᱵᱮ-ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ == ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜᱟᱱ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱚᱞ-ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱚᱪ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜᱟᱱ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱟᱥᱯᱟᱛᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱯᱷᱟᱨᱮᱞ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱷᱟᱨ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜᱼᱟ (ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱢ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱓᱐᱖ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ)᱾<ref>{{cite book |author1=Chandra, A |author2=Skinner, JS | title= Geography and Racial Health Disparities, Chapter 16 of Critical Perspectives on Racial and Ethnic Differences in Health in Late Life. |year=2004|publisher=National Research Council|url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/6555551.pdf}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.dartmouthatlas.org/data/region/| title=Data by Region, the Dartmouth Atlas of Health Care|access-date=16 November 2013}}</ref> ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ, ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ-ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱫᱩᱜᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱰᱟᱴᱟ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱞ, ᱰᱟᱴᱟ ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜᱟᱱ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ᱾ ᱓᱘ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱳ.ᱤ.ᱥᱤ.ᱰᱤ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ, ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ, ᱥᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ-ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱮᱱᱴᱤᱴᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ, ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱩᱫᱩᱜᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱜᱮ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜᱟᱱ ᱛᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱫᱩᱜᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱜᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜᱟᱱ ᱩᱱᱩᱨᱩᱢ, ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱫᱩᱜᱤᱭᱟᱹ, ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱜᱮ, ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜᱟᱱ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱥᱩᱢᱩᱝ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱤᱠ ᱩᱱᱩᱨᱩᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Murray|first1=Emily T.|last2=Shelton|first2=Nicola|last3=Norman|first3=Paul|last4=Head|first4=Jenny|date=2022-01-01|title=Measuring the health of people in places: A scoping review of OECD member countries|journal=Health & Place|language=en|volume=73|article-number=102731|doi=10.1016/j.healthplace.2021.102731|pmid=34929525|s2cid=245322428|issn=1353-8292|doi-access=free}}</ref> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ, ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱝ, ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ, ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱛᱷᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱯᱮᱠᱷᱤᱠ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱤᱛ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱨᱟᱯᱟᱪᱟᱜ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ᱾ [[ᱮᱸᱜᱟᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱣᱨᱳ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱯᱤᱰᱮᱢᱤᱭᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ ᱚᱯᱷᱤᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱲᱮ-ᱯᱟᱥᱮ (ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜᱟᱱ) ᱵᱷᱮᱨᱤᱭᱮᱵᱚᱞ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱱᱯᱷᱟᱣᱩᱱᱰᱤᱝ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱮᱫ|ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝ-ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ]] ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱮᱡ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱤᱥᱞᱮᱥᱚᱱᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ (ᱯᱷᱤᱠᱥᱰ ᱮᱯᱷᱮᱠᱴᱥ ᱥᱮ ᱦᱟᱭᱵᱨᱤᱰ ᱯᱷᱤᱠᱥᱰ ᱮᱯᱷᱮᱠᱴᱥ) ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱤᱥᱟᱹ ᱮ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾{{cn|date=June 2023}} == ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱞᱚᱪᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ == ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱱᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱮᱛᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱞᱚᱪᱚᱱᱟ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Coburn |first1=David |last2=Denny |first2=Keith |last3=Mykhalovskiy |first3=Eric |last4=McDonough |first4=Peggy |last5=Robertson |first5=Ann |last6=Love |first6=Rhonda |title=Population Health in Canada: A Brief Critique |journal=American Journal of Public Health |date=2003 |volume=93 |issue=3 |pages=392–396 |doi=10.2105/AJPH.93.3.392 |pmid=12604479 |pmc=1447750 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Raphael |first1=Dennis |last2=Bryant |first2=Toba |title=The limitations of population health as a model for a new public health |journal=Health Promotion International |date=1 June 2002 |volume=17 |issue=2 |pages=189–199 |doi=10.1093/heapro/17.2.189 |pmid=11986300 |doi-access=free }}</ref> == ᱪᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱚ == === ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱯᱚᱨᱛᱚᱱ === [[ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱯᱞᱮᱱᱤᱝ]] ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚ ([[ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱴᱮᱠᱟᱣ]], [[ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱝ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ]], ᱟᱨ [[ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ]] ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱮ) ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱯᱚᱨᱛᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ-ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱚᱪ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱨᱡᱚᱣᱟᱱ ᱛᱤᱠᱤᱪᱷᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref name=Tsui>{{cite journal|author1-link=Amy Tsui|vauthors=Tsui AO, McDonald-Mosley R, Burke AE |title=Family planning and the burden of unintended pregnancies |journal=Epidemiol Rev |volume=32 |issue=1 |pages=152–74 |date=April 2010 |pmid=20570955 |pmc=3115338 |doi=10.1093/epirev/mxq012 | quote=International studies confirm that family planning is among the most cost-effective of all health interventions (80, 81). The cost savings stem from a reduction in unintended pregnancy, as well as a reduction in transmission of sexually transmitted infections, including HIV.}}</ref><!-- page 170 --> ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱯᱚᱨᱛᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ [[ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱷᱚᱡᱚᱜ ᱯᱮᱨᱮᱡ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲᱚᱜ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ]] ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣᱟ᱾<ref name=Tsui /> ᱫᱟᱹᱭᱠᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, [[United States Agency for International Development|ᱡᱩᱢᱤᱫᱽ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱥᱤ]] ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱯᱚᱨᱛᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱵᱷ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ:<ref>USAID. [http://www.usaid.gov/our_work/global_health/pop/ Family planning] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081015184505/http://www.usaid.gov/our_work/global_health/pop/ |date=15 October 2008 }}. Retrieved 12 October 2008.</ref> * "ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨᱟᱱ ᱯᱮᱨᱮᱡ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱚᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ" * "ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱯᱮᱨᱮᱡ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱮᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ" * "ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱡᱚᱝ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ, ᱠᱟᱣᱩᱱᱥᱮᱞᱤᱝ, ᱟᱨ [[ᱠᱚᱱᱰᱚᱢ|ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱱᱰᱚᱢ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱠᱚᱱᱰᱚᱢ|ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱱᱰᱚᱢ]] ᱧᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱪᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ/[[ᱮᱰᱥ]] ᱥᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ" * "[[ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱱᱚᱥᱴᱚ]] ᱠᱚᱢ" * "ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱭᱫᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ, ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ, ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱣ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱚᱯᱚᱦᱚᱫ" * "ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱠᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱵᱮᱥ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ" === ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ === ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ-ᱴᱮᱦᱟᱸᱰᱟᱜ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ: ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱮᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚ; ᱫᱤᱥᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱯᱨᱮᱠᱴᱤᱥ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚ; ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ, ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ, ᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱵᱮᱥ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚ᱾ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱮᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱮᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱥᱯᱟᱛᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱟᱹᱭᱩᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱪᱞᱟᱣᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱹᱭᱠᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱞᱤᱱᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ, ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱜᱚᱲᱚᱭᱤᱡ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱯᱚᱨᱟᱢᱚᱨᱥᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱴᱨᱮᱱᱤᱝ ᱮᱢ, ᱟᱨ ᱫᱤᱥᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ, ᱯᱨᱮᱠᱴᱤᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱨᱛᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱚᱪᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱰᱟᱴᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱫᱤᱥᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱯᱨᱮᱠᱴᱤᱥ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱤᱥᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱵᱷᱟᱜᱽ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱚᱯᱷᱤᱥᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱪᱞᱟᱣᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱩᱠᱤᱞᱟᱹᱛᱤ, ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱥᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡ ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱤᱥᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱜᱷᱳᱥᱱᱟ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ, ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱤᱥᱳᱨᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱟᱣᱩᱴᱨᱤᱪ ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱣ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱚᱯᱷᱤᱥᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱤᱠ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱤᱡ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ, ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ, ᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱵᱮᱥ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱩᱭᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤ ᱟᱨ [[ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱮ-ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ]] ᱠᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱣ, [[ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱹᱨᱭᱟᱹᱲ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ]] ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱧᱤᱫᱟᱹ [[ᱥᱟᱰᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡ]] ᱠᱚᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ [[ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱪᱟᱨᱦᱮ]] ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ, ᱟᱨ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱴᱷᱟᱢᱳᱜᱚᱛ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡ ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱣ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Purtle|first1=Jonathan|last2=Nelson|first2=Katherine L.|last3=Counts|first3=Nathaniel Z.|last4=Yudell|first4=Michael|date=2020-04-02|title=Population-Based Approaches to Mental Health: History, Strategies, and Evidence|journal=Annual Review of Public Health|language=en|volume=41|issue=1|pages=201–221|doi=10.1146/annurev-publhealth-040119-094247|pmid=31905323|pmc=8896325|issn=0163-7525|doi-access=free}}</ref> mqkzywqy7zxx0re6j3l48ho91olyahp 194437 194435 2026-07-13T10:56:09Z ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱗ 1744 /* ᱪᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱚ */ 194437 wikitext text/x-wiki {{short description|ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ}} '''ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ''' ᱫᱚ "ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ" ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref name="pmid12604476">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kindig D, Stoddart G | date = March 2003 | title = What is population health? | journal = American Journal of Public Health | volume = 93 | issue = 3| pages = 380–3 | doi=10.2105/ajph.93.3.380 |pmid=12604476 | pmc=1447747}}</ref> ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱜ [[ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ "ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ, ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱭᱤᱡ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱨᱩᱯ, ᱟᱨ [[ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱢᱵᱽᱲᱟᱣ|ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚ]]"᱾<ref name="pmid12604476" /> ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱷᱮᱯᱮᱫ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱣ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ [[ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱭᱤᱡ]] (ᱥᱮ.ᱰᱤ.ᱳ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ) ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱥᱮ.ᱰᱤ.ᱳ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ (ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ, ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱵᱮᱥ, ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱜᱚᱲᱦᱚᱱ) ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱦᱟᱨᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱩᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>[http://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/topicsobjectives2020/overview.aspx?topicid=39 Social Determinants of Health overview tab.]</ref> ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ-ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱷᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱮ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ [[ᱨᱟᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱱ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣᱮᱫ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ [[ᱫᱤᱥᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱠᱞᱟᱥᱤᱠ ᱠᱩᱨᱩᱢᱩᱴᱩ ᱠᱚ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱠᱷᱚᱡᱟ᱾ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱚᱱ ᱥᱳᱥᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱰᱤᱴᱟᱨᱢᱤᱱᱮᱱᱴᱥ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱦᱮᱞᱛᱷ ᱒᱐᱐᱘ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱤᱯᱳᱨᱴ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱡᱮ ᱥᱮ.ᱰᱤ.ᱳ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ ᱚᱡᱮ ᱠᱚᱜᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱷᱟᱹᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱟᱹᱭᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱚᱜᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>[https://www.who.int/sdhconference/resources/Conference_Report.pdf Meeting Report of World Conference of Social Determinants of Health] held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2008.</ref> ᱭᱩ.ᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ, ᱮᱲᱟᱣ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱗᱐% ᱫᱚ ᱥᱮ.ᱰᱤ.ᱳ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱟᱸᱡᱚᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | pmid = 11900188 | doi=10.1377/hlthaff.21.2.78 | volume=21 | title=The case for more active policy attention to health promotion | year=2002 | author=McGinnis JM, Williams-Russo P, Knickman JR | journal=Health Aff (Millwood) | issue=2 | pages=78–93 }}. See also [http://www.nap.edu/catalog/10548.html National Academies Press free publication: The Future of Public Health in the 21st Century.]</ref> ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱧᱮᱱᱮᱞ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ, ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱟᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ "ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱠᱷᱟᱯ ᱠᱷᱟᱣᱟᱣ, ᱛᱮᱞᱟ ᱮᱢ, ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱢᱵᱽᱲᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ" ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>Frankish, CJ et al. [http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/ph-sp/impact-repercussions/hiatp2.php "Health Impact Assessment as a Tool for Population Health Promotion and Public Policy"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100308083354/http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/ph-sp/impact-repercussions/hiatp2.php |date=8 March 2010 }}. Vancouver: Institute of Health Promotion Research, University of British Columbia, 1996. Retrieved 12 October 2008.</ref> [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ]] (ᱰᱟᱵᱽᱞᱩ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ.ᱳ) ᱑᱙᱔᱖ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ ᱨᱮ "ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ, ᱢᱚᱱᱮ, ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ [[ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱫᱩᱨᱵᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ" ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾<ref name="WHO definition">World Health Organization. [https://www.who.int/bulletin/archives/80(12)981.pdf ''WHO definition of Health''], Preamble to the Constitution of the World Health Organization as adopted by the International Health Conference, New York, 19–22 June 1946; signed on 22 July 1946 by the representatives of 61 States (Official Records of the World Health Organization, no. 2, p. 100) and entered into force on 7 April 1948. In {{cite journal|journal=Bulletin of the World Health Organization |year=2002|volume= 80 |issue=12|page=982|title=The Preamble of the Constitution of the World Health Organization|author=Grad, Frank P. |pmid=12571728|pmc=2567708}}</ref><ref name="WHO constitution">World Health Organization. 2006. [https://www.who.int/governance/eb/who_constitution_en.pdf ''Constitution of the World Health Organization''] – ''Basic Documents'', Forty-fifth edition, Supplement, October 2006.</ref> ==ᱦᱮᱞᱫᱤ ᱯᱤᱯᱚᱞ ᱒᱐᱒᱐== ᱦᱮᱞᱫᱤ ᱯᱤᱯᱚᱞ ᱒᱐᱒᱐, ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱣᱮᱵᱽᱥᱟᱭᱤᱴ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱭᱩ.ᱮᱥ. ᱰᱤᱯᱟᱨᱴᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱳᱯᱷ ᱦᱮᱞᱛᱷ ᱮᱱᱰ ᱦᱤᱣᱢᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱨᱵᱷᱤᱥᱮᱥ]] ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱨᱡᱚᱱ ᱡᱮᱱᱮᱨᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱚᱯᱷᱤᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱓᱔ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱩᱨᱩᱢᱩᱴᱩ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ᱮ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱔᱒ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱛᱟᱢ ᱮ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹᱣᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ ᱩᱱᱩᱨᱩᱢ ᱠᱚ]] ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱩᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱞᱟᱜᱵᱷᱟᱜ ᱑᱒᱐᱐ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱛᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮᱭ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱚᱲᱚᱭ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>[http://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/default.aspx ᱦᱮᱞᱫᱤ ᱯᱤᱯᱚᱞ ᱒᱐᱒᱐]</ref> ==ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱟᱝᱼᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ== ᱱᱮᱼᱦᱟᱹᱞᱤ, ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱨ [[ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱟᱝᱼᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ]] ᱥᱟᱛᱟᱢ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ [[ᱮᱯᱤᱰᱮᱢᱤᱭᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ|ᱮᱯᱤᱰᱮᱢᱤᱭᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤᱥᱴ]] ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱨᱚᱡᱽ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱼᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱱᱚᱶᱟᱭ ᱩᱫᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱮ, ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱥ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱮᱡ ᱮᱠᱮᱱ ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱟᱠᱚ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹᱜᱼᱟ, ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱮ [[ᱨᱤᱫᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ]], [[ᱯᱮᱯᱴᱤᱠ ᱟᱞᱥᱟᱨ|ᱟᱞᱥᱟᱨ]], [[ᱴᱟᱭᱤᱯ ᱒ ᱰᱟᱭᱵᱮᱴᱤᱥ]], [[ᱨᱤᱣᱢᱮᱴᱚᱭᱮᱰ ᱟᱨᱛᱷᱨᱟᱭᱴᱤᱥ]], ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱠᱮᱱᱥᱟᱨ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱦᱟᱲᱟᱢᱚᱜ]] ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱼᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱼᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ#ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ|ᱮᱥᱹᱤᱹᱮᱥ ᱜᱽᱨᱮᱰᱤᱭᱮᱱᱴ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹᱛ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱮᱫ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱛᱚᱨᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ (ᱮ. ᱞᱮᱭ, ᱥᱤ. ᱡᱮᱱᱠᱥ, ᱮ. ᱠᱞᱟᱨᱠᱣᱮᱥᱴ — ᱨᱟᱥᱮᱞ ᱥᱮᱡᱽ ᱣᱟᱨᱠᱤᱝ ᱯᱮᱯᱚᱨᱥ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱢᱮ) ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱹᱬ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱩᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱮᱞᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ]] ᱵᱷᱮᱯᱮᱜᱽ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱟᱢᱟ᱾ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ [[ᱨᱤᱪᱟᱨᱰ ᱡᱤᱹ ᱣᱤᱞᱠᱤᱱᱥᱚᱱ]], ᱡᱮᱹ ᱞᱤᱸᱪ, ᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱹ ᱮᱹ ᱠᱟᱯᱞᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱩᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱴᱮᱨ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱥᱟᱢᱵᱽᱲᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱼᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱯᱨᱚᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽ ᱮᱢᱟᱭ᱾ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ [[ᱦᱚᱣᱟᱭᱤᱴᱦᱚᱞ ᱥᱴᱟᱰᱤ|ᱦᱚᱣᱟᱭᱤᱴᱦᱚᱞ ᱥᱴᱟᱰᱤᱡᱽ]] — [[ᱞᱚᱱᱰᱚᱱ]] ᱨᱮ [[ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]] ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱡᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ, ᱤᱝᱞᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱴᱮᱨ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ, ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱨᱚᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱚᱵᱷᱮᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ [[ᱵᱮᱭᱟᱢ]], [[ᱛᱷᱟᱢᱟᱠᱩᱨ ᱧᱩ|ᱥᱤᱜᱽᱨᱮᱴ ᱧᱩ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱯᱟᱹᱣᱨᱟᱹ|ᱯᱟᱹᱣᱨᱟᱹ ᱧᱩ]] ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱢᱵᱽᱲᱟᱣ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱜᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱮᱜᱚᱨ ᱦᱚᱸ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱜᱮ ᱨᱟᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱱ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱮᱢ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭᱟᱜ [[ᱴᱟᱭᱤᱯ ᱑ ᱰᱟᱭᱵᱮᱴᱤᱥ]] ᱥᱮ [[ᱨᱤᱣᱢᱮᱴᱚᱭᱮᱰ ᱟᱨᱛᱷᱨᱟᱭᱴᱤᱥ]] ᱧᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱢᱵᱷᱚᱵᱚᱱᱟ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱠᱚᱢᱟᱭᱟ — ᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱜᱮ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱼᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱨᱮ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱹᱬ ᱯᱩᱱ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ([[ᱞᱚᱠᱥᱮᱢᱵᱟᱨᱜᱽ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ [[ᱥᱞᱳᱵᱷᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟ]] ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱴ) ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱹᱬ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱱᱚ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜᱼᱟ{{ref|sci_amer_dec_2005}} — ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟᱭ ᱩᱫᱩᱜᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱹᱬ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱠᱟᱞ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱯᱨᱚᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽ ᱮᱢᱟᱭ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱩᱞᱟᱹᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱨᱚᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽ ᱮᱢᱟᱭ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ᱾ [[ᱢᱚᱱᱼᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱪᱤᱱᱛᱟᱹ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱚᱪᱚᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮ ᱨᱤᱠᱟᱹᱭᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱚᱱᱼᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ|ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ]] ᱫᱚ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱼᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ|ᱮᱥᱹᱤᱹᱮᱥ ᱜᱽᱨᱮᱰᱤᱭᱮᱱᱴ]] ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱮᱫ ᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱟᱝᱼᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱᱼᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱮ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱱ ᱮ ᱠᱷᱟᱨᱟᱯᱟ — ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱪᱤᱱᱛᱟᱹ (ᱨᱟᱱᱼᱢᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱱ)|ᱪᱤᱱᱛᱟᱹ]] ᱟᱨ ᱪᱤᱱᱛᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱟᱹᱣᱟ᱾ ᱨᱤᱪᱟᱨᱰ ᱣᱤᱞᱠᱤᱱᱥᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱩᱢᱩᱝ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ, ᱵᱚᱨᱚᱝ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱹᱬ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ᱾ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱟᱝᱼᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱦᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱜᱮ ᱠᱷᱟᱨᱟᱯᱟ᱾ ᱵᱟᱝᱼᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱩᱢᱩᱝ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱮ ᱯᱨᱚᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱮᱢᱟ᱾ [[ᱣᱤᱥᱠᱚᱱᱥᱤᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱯᱨᱟᱭᱢᱮᱴ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱱ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ]] ᱨᱮ ᱰᱮᱵᱷᱤᱰ ᱮᱭᱤᱪᱹ ᱮᱵᱳᱴ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱯᱨᱟᱭᱢᱮᱴ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ, ᱠᱚᱢ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱚᱲᱦᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱪᱤᱱᱛᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱨᱢᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱩᱲᱟᱹᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ [[ᱥᱴᱮᱱᱯᱷᱚᱨᱰ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ]] ᱨᱮᱱ [[ᱨᱚᱵᱟᱨᱴ ᱥᱟᱯᱳᱞᱥᱠᱤ]] ᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ᱜᱮᱭ ᱮᱢᱟ᱾ == ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜᱟᱱ ᱵᱮ-ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ == ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜᱟᱱ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱚᱞ-ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱚᱪ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜᱟᱱ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱟᱥᱯᱟᱛᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱯᱷᱟᱨᱮᱞ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱷᱟᱨ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜᱼᱟ (ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱢ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱓᱐᱖ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ)᱾<ref>{{cite book |author1=Chandra, A |author2=Skinner, JS | title= Geography and Racial Health Disparities, Chapter 16 of Critical Perspectives on Racial and Ethnic Differences in Health in Late Life. |year=2004|publisher=National Research Council|url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/6555551.pdf}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.dartmouthatlas.org/data/region/| title=Data by Region, the Dartmouth Atlas of Health Care|access-date=16 November 2013}}</ref> ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ, ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ-ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱫᱩᱜᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱰᱟᱴᱟ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱞ, ᱰᱟᱴᱟ ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜᱟᱱ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ᱾ ᱓᱘ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱳ.ᱤ.ᱥᱤ.ᱰᱤ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ, ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ, ᱥᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ-ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱮᱱᱴᱤᱴᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ, ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱩᱫᱩᱜᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱜᱮ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜᱟᱱ ᱛᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱫᱩᱜᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱜᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜᱟᱱ ᱩᱱᱩᱨᱩᱢ, ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱫᱩᱜᱤᱭᱟᱹ, ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱜᱮ, ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜᱟᱱ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱥᱩᱢᱩᱝ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱤᱠ ᱩᱱᱩᱨᱩᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Murray|first1=Emily T.|last2=Shelton|first2=Nicola|last3=Norman|first3=Paul|last4=Head|first4=Jenny|date=2022-01-01|title=Measuring the health of people in places: A scoping review of OECD member countries|journal=Health & Place|language=en|volume=73|article-number=102731|doi=10.1016/j.healthplace.2021.102731|pmid=34929525|s2cid=245322428|issn=1353-8292|doi-access=free}}</ref> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ, ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱝ, ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ, ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱛᱷᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱯᱮᱠᱷᱤᱠ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱤᱛ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱨᱟᱯᱟᱪᱟᱜ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ᱾ [[ᱮᱸᱜᱟᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱣᱨᱳ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱯᱤᱰᱮᱢᱤᱭᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ ᱚᱯᱷᱤᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱲᱮ-ᱯᱟᱥᱮ (ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜᱟᱱ) ᱵᱷᱮᱨᱤᱭᱮᱵᱚᱞ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱱᱯᱷᱟᱣᱩᱱᱰᱤᱝ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱮᱫ|ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝ-ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ]] ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱮᱡ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱤᱥᱞᱮᱥᱚᱱᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ (ᱯᱷᱤᱠᱥᱰ ᱮᱯᱷᱮᱠᱴᱥ ᱥᱮ ᱦᱟᱭᱵᱨᱤᱰ ᱯᱷᱤᱠᱥᱰ ᱮᱯᱷᱮᱠᱴᱥ) ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱤᱥᱟᱹ ᱮ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾{{cn|date=June 2023}} == ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱞᱚᱪᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ == ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱱᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱮᱛᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱞᱚᱪᱚᱱᱟ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Coburn |first1=David |last2=Denny |first2=Keith |last3=Mykhalovskiy |first3=Eric |last4=McDonough |first4=Peggy |last5=Robertson |first5=Ann |last6=Love |first6=Rhonda |title=Population Health in Canada: A Brief Critique |journal=American Journal of Public Health |date=2003 |volume=93 |issue=3 |pages=392–396 |doi=10.2105/AJPH.93.3.392 |pmid=12604479 |pmc=1447750 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Raphael |first1=Dennis |last2=Bryant |first2=Toba |title=The limitations of population health as a model for a new public health |journal=Health Promotion International |date=1 June 2002 |volume=17 |issue=2 |pages=189–199 |doi=10.1093/heapro/17.2.189 |pmid=11986300 |doi-access=free }}</ref> == ᱪᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱚ == === ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱯᱚᱨᱛᱚᱱ === [[ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱯᱞᱮᱱᱤᱝ]] ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚ ([[ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱴᱮᱠᱟᱣ]], [[ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱝ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ]], ᱟᱨ [[ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ]] ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱮ) ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱯᱚᱨᱛᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ-ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱚᱪ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱨᱡᱚᱣᱟᱱ ᱛᱤᱠᱤᱪᱷᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref name=Tsui>{{cite journal|author1-link=Amy Tsui|vauthors=Tsui AO, McDonald-Mosley R, Burke AE |title=Family planning and the burden of unintended pregnancies |journal=Epidemiol Rev |volume=32 |issue=1 |pages=152–74 |date=April 2010 |pmid=20570955 |pmc=3115338 |doi=10.1093/epirev/mxq012 | quote=International studies confirm that family planning is among the most cost-effective of all health interventions (80, 81). The cost savings stem from a reduction in unintended pregnancy, as well as a reduction in transmission of sexually transmitted infections, including HIV.}}</ref><!-- page 170 --> ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱯᱚᱨᱛᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ [[ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱷᱚᱡᱚᱜ ᱯᱮᱨᱮᱡ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲᱚᱜ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ]] ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣᱟ᱾<ref name=Tsui /> ᱫᱟᱹᱭᱠᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, [[United States Agency for International Development|ᱡᱩᱢᱤᱫᱽ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱥᱤ]] ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱯᱚᱨᱛᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱵᱷ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ:<ref>USAID. [http://www.usaid.gov/our_work/global_health/pop/ Family planning] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081015184505/http://www.usaid.gov/our_work/global_health/pop/ |date=15 October 2008 }}. Retrieved 12 October 2008.</ref> * "ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨᱟᱱ ᱯᱮᱨᱮᱡ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱚᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ" * "ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱯᱮᱨᱮᱡ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱮᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ" * "ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱡᱚᱝ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ, ᱠᱟᱣᱩᱱᱥᱮᱞᱤᱝ, ᱟᱨ [[ᱠᱚᱱᱰᱚᱢ|ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱱᱰᱚᱢ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱠᱚᱱᱰᱚᱢ|ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱱᱰᱚᱢ]] ᱧᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱪᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ/[[ᱮᱰᱥ]] ᱥᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ" * "[[ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱱᱚᱥᱴᱚ]] ᱠᱚᱢ" * "ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱭᱫᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ, ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ, ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱣ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱚᱯᱚᱦᱚᱫ" * "ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱠᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱵᱮᱥ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ" === ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ === ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ-ᱴᱮᱦᱟᱸᱰᱟᱜ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ: ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱮᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚ; ᱫᱤᱥᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱯᱨᱮᱠᱴᱤᱥ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚ; ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ, ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ, ᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱵᱮᱥ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚ᱾ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱮᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱮᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱥᱯᱟᱛᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱟᱹᱭᱩᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱪᱞᱟᱣᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱹᱭᱠᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱞᱤᱱᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ, ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱜᱚᱲᱚᱭᱤᱡ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱯᱚᱨᱟᱢᱚᱨᱥᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱴᱨᱮᱱᱤᱝ ᱮᱢ, ᱟᱨ ᱫᱤᱥᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ, ᱯᱨᱮᱠᱴᱤᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱨᱛᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱚᱪᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱰᱟᱴᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱫᱤᱥᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱯᱨᱮᱠᱴᱤᱥ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱤᱥᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱵᱷᱟᱜᱽ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱚᱯᱷᱤᱥᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱪᱞᱟᱣᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱩᱠᱤᱞᱟᱹᱛᱤ, ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱥᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡ ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱤᱥᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱜᱷᱳᱥᱱᱟ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ, ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱤᱥᱳᱨᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱟᱣᱩᱴᱨᱤᱪ ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱣ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱚᱯᱷᱤᱥᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱤᱠ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱤᱡ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ, ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ, ᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱵᱮᱥ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱩᱭᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤ ᱟᱨ [[ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱮ-ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ]] ᱠᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱣ, [[ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱹᱨᱭᱟᱹᱲ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ]] ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱧᱤᱫᱟᱹ [[ᱥᱟᱰᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡ]] ᱠᱚᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ [[ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱪᱟᱨᱦᱮ]] ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ, ᱟᱨ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱴᱷᱟᱢᱳᱜᱚᱛ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡ ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱣ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Purtle|first1=Jonathan|last2=Nelson|first2=Katherine L.|last3=Counts|first3=Nathaniel Z.|last4=Yudell|first4=Michael|date=2020-04-02|title=Population-Based Approaches to Mental Health: History, Strategies, and Evidence|journal=Annual Review of Public Health|language=en|volume=41|issue=1|pages=201–221|doi=10.1146/annurev-publhealth-040119-094247|pmid=31905323|pmc=8896325|issn=0163-7525|doi-access=free}}</ref> == ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱪᱟᱪᱞᱟᱣ == ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱪᱟᱪᱞᱟᱣ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ "ᱠᱩᱨᱩᱢᱩᱴᱩ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱴᱮᱠᱱᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ-ᱟᱱ, ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨᱟᱱ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ [[:en:morbidity|ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱨ]] ᱯᱮᱴᱟᱨᱱ (ᱢᱮᱱᱫᱚ, ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱷᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱡᱷᱟ) ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱲᱚᱭ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ"᱾<ref>Hillman, Michael. [http://waysandmeans.house.gov/Legacy/health/107cong/4-16-02/4-16hill.htm Testimony before the Subcommittee on Health of the House Committee on Ways and Means, hearing on promoting disease management in Medicare] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170508120322/https://waysandmeans.house.gov/Legacy/health/107cong/4-16-02/4-16hill.htm |date=8 May 2017 }}. 16 April 2002. Retrieved 12 October 2008.</ref> ᱯᱤ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ.ᱮᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ [[ᱠᱨᱳᱱᱤᱠ (ᱨᱟᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱱ)|ᱡᱤᱞᱤᱧ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ (ᱠᱨᱳᱱᱤᱠ)]] ᱚᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ, "ᱡᱚᱜᱟᱡᱚᱜᱽ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱢᱚᱱᱱᱚᱭ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ" ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱟᱨ "ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱞᱤᱱᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱚᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ [[ᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱰᱮᱞᱤᱝ]]" ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ [[ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱪᱟᱪᱞᱟᱣ (ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ)|ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱪᱟᱪᱞᱟᱣ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ᱾<ref>Howe, Rufus, and Christopher Spence. [http://www.healthways.com/assets/0/98/E4CDDEDB-5004-4E74-A5C9-E1973F5ABC05.pdf Population health management: Healthways' PopWorks] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217114011/http://www.healthways.com/assets/0/98/E4CDDEDB-5004-4E74-A5C9-E1973F5ABC05.pdf |date=17 December 2008 }}. ''HCT Project'' 2004-07-17, volume 2, chapter 5, pages 291-297. Retrieved 12 October 2008.</ref> ᱯᱤ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ.ᱮᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱪᱟᱪᱞᱟᱣ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮ "ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱤᱱᱴᱮᱱᱥᱤᱵᱷ ᱠᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱪᱟᱪᱞᱟᱣ" ᱟᱨ "ᱟᱸᱫᱟᱡᱽ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱛᱷᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ... ᱟᱯᱱᱟᱨᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱪᱟᱪᱞᱟᱣ" ᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Coughlin JF, Pope J, Leedle BR | date = Apr 2006 | title = Old age, new technology, and future innovations in disease management and home health care | url = http://web.mit.edu/agelab/news_events/pdfs/home.health.care.pdf | journal = Home Health Care Management & Practice | volume = 18 | issue = 3| pages = 196–207 | doi=10.1177/1084822305281955| s2cid = 26428539 }}</ref> ᱯᱤ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ.ᱮᱢ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱯᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ''[[ᱯᱚᱯᱩᱞᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱞᱛᱷ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱡᱽᱢᱮᱱᱴ]]'' ᱨᱮ ᱪᱷᱟᱯᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱰᱤ.ᱮᱢ.ᱮ.ᱮᱢ: ᱫᱟ ᱠᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱱᱴᱤᱱᱤᱣᱩᱢ ᱮᱞᱟᱭᱮᱱᱥ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱯᱷᱤᱥᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱡᱟᱨᱱᱟᱞ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>DMAA: The Care Continuum Alliance. [http://www.dmaa.org/pubs_dm_journal.asp Publications. ''Population Health Management''] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080924053436/http://www.dmaa.org/pubs_dm_journal.asp |date=24 September 2008 }}. Retrieved 12 October 2008.</ref> ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱚᱨᱡᱚᱣᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱪᱟᱪᱞᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱩ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱞᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱨᱳᱰ ᱢᱮᱯ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱤᱥᱟᱹ ᱮᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ:<ref>Sanders, Dale [http://www.healthcatalyst.com/landmark-review-of-population-health-management-companies A Landmark, 12-Point Review of Population Health Management Companies]. Retrieved 17 March 2014.</ref> * ᱴᱷᱤᱠ-ᱴᱷᱟᱠ [[ᱨᱩᱜᱤ ᱨᱮᱡᱤᱥᱴᱨᱤ ᱠᱚ]] ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ * ᱨᱩᱜᱤ-ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱤᱡ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱯᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ * ᱨᱩᱜᱤ ᱨᱮᱡᱤᱥᱴᱨᱤ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱴᱷᱤᱠ ᱮᱞᱠᱷᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱚᱪᱚ * ᱠᱞᱤᱱᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱚᱪ ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱤᱠᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱚᱡᱚᱨ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱯ * ᱢᱩᱞ [[ᱠᱞᱤᱱᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱯᱨᱮᱠᱴᱤᱥ ᱜᱟᱭᱤᱰᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱠᱚ]] ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱵᱟᱛᱟᱣ * ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ-ᱪᱟᱪᱞᱟᱣ ᱟᱣᱩᱴᱨᱤᱪ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱚᱜ * ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱰᱟᱴᱟ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ * ᱨᱩᱜᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱜᱟᱡᱚᱜᱽ * [[ᱨᱩᱜᱤ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ|ᱨᱩᱜᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ]] ᱟᱨ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱚᱜ * ᱟᱸᱴ ᱠᱞᱤᱱᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱯᱨᱮᱠᱴᱤᱥ ᱜᱟᱭᱤᱰᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱵᱟᱛᱟᱣ * ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱤᱡ ᱴᱤᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱩᱜᱤ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱚᱢᱚᱱᱱᱚᱭ * ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱯᱟᱸᱡᱟ ᱧᱟᱢ 0tr7j9cxda7nct494wshz5dh0h4cear 0 36754 194319 2026-07-12T15:09:45Z RohitSonkar.nandulia 8910 "{{Infobox person | name = ᱦᱤᱠᱤᱢ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ (Hikim Hansda) | birth_place = ᱯᱩᱠᱷᱩᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱫᱩᱵᱽᱨᱟᱡᱽᱯᱩᱨ, ᱜᱷᱟᱴᱥᱤᱞᱟᱹ,[[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ]] | nationality = ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ | occupation = ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ, ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱤᱭᱟᱹ | known_for = ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ..." ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ 194319 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = ᱦᱤᱠᱤᱢ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ (Hikim Hansda) | birth_place = ᱯᱩᱠᱷᱩᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱫᱩᱵᱽᱨᱟᱡᱽᱯᱩᱨ, ᱜᱷᱟᱴᱥᱤᱞᱟᱹ,[[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ]] | nationality = ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ | occupation = ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ, ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱤᱭᱟᱹ | known_for = ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ ᱟᱨ 'ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱪᱮᱯᱮᱫ' ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ }} '''ᱦᱤᱠᱤᱢ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ''' ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱟᱹᱦᱤᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱤᱭᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ == ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ == ᱦᱤᱠᱤᱢ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱷᱟᱴᱥᱤᱞᱟᱹ ᱛᱷᱟᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱠᱷᱩᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱫᱩᱵᱽᱨᱟᱡᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ "ᱴᱮᱞᱠᱳ" ᱨᱮᱭ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ᱾ == ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ == ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱹᱦᱤᱨ ᱮ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱑᱙᱖᱗ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ '''ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱪᱮᱯᱮᱫ''' ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱛᱮᱭ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == <references /> * <ref>ᱴᱩᱰᱩ, ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱚ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ (᱒᱐᱒᱐). ''ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱢᱚᱱᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱨᱟ'' (᱒ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ), ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱟᱵᱚᱛᱤ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ, ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ: ᱘᱘᱾</ref> dlp0opfg4lrb8ggcb0pk52bfo1bycxr 194321 194319 2026-07-12T15:13:22Z RohitSonkar.nandulia 8910 194321 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = ᱦᱤᱠᱤᱢ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ (Hikim Hansda) | birth_place = ᱯᱩᱠᱷᱩᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱫᱩᱵᱽᱨᱟᱡᱽᱯᱩᱨ, ᱜᱷᱟᱴᱥᱤᱞᱟᱹ, [[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ]] | nationality = ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ | occupation = ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ, ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱤᱭᱟᱹ | known_for = ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ ᱟᱨ 'ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱪᱮᱯᱮᱫ' ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ }} '''ᱦᱤᱠᱤᱢ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ''' ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱟᱹᱦᱤᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱤᱭᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ == ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ == ᱦᱤᱠᱤᱢ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱷᱟᱴᱥᱤᱞᱟᱹ ᱛᱷᱟᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱠᱷᱩᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱫᱩᱵᱽᱨᱟᱡᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ "ᱴᱮᱞᱠᱳ" ᱨᱮᱭ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ᱾ == ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ == ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱹᱦᱤᱨ ᱮ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱑᱙᱖᱗ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ '''ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱪᱮᱯᱮᱫ''' ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱛᱮᱭ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == <references /> * <ref>ᱴᱩᱰᱩ, ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱚ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ (᱒᱐᱒᱐). ''ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱢᱚᱱᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱨᱟ'' (᱒ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ), ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱟᱵᱚᱛᱤ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ, ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ: ᱘᱘᱾</ref> jmoelfqei8nwkc84jc7sjx0zrm8yjwy 0 36755 194323 2026-07-12T15:31:33Z ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱗ 1744 "{{Short description|ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱛᱩᱞᱩᱪ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ}} {{For|ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱰᱟᱴᱟᱵᱮᱥ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ|ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱰᱟᱴᱟᱵᱮᱥ}} {{pp-vandalism|small=yes}} [[File:World Health Organisation building from south.jpg|thumb| [[ᱡᱮᱱᱮᱵᱷᱟ]], [[ᱥᱩᱭᱡᱟᱨᱞᱮᱱᱰ]] ᱨᱮ ᱡᱮ..." ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ 194323 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱛᱩᱞᱩᱪ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ}} {{For|ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱰᱟᱴᱟᱵᱮᱥ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ|ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱰᱟᱴᱟᱵᱮᱥ}} {{pp-vandalism|small=yes}} [[File:World Health Organisation building from south.jpg|thumb| [[ᱡᱮᱱᱮᱵᱷᱟ]], [[ᱥᱩᱭᱡᱟᱨᱞᱮᱱᱰ]] ᱨᱮ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ]]]] '''ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ''' ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱠᱟᱱᱟ;<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Brown TM, Cueto M, Fee E | title = The World Health Organization and the transition of "international" to "global" public health | journal = American Journal of Public Health | volume = 96 | issue = 1 | pages = 62–72 | date = January 2006 | pmid = 16322464 | pmc = 1470434 | doi = 10.2105/AJPH.2004.050831 }}</ref> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ "ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ, [[ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ]], ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱛ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ"᱾<ref name="Koplan">{{cite journal | vauthors = Koplan JP, Bond TC, Merson MH, Reddy KS, Rodriguez MH, Sewankambo NK, Wasserheit JN | title = Towards a common definition of global health | journal = Lancet | volume = 373 | issue = 9679 | pages = 1993–5 | date = June 2009 | pmid = 19493564 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60332-9 | pmc = 9905260 | bibcode = 2009Lanc..373.1993K | s2cid = 6919716 | citeseerx = 10.1.1.610.7968 }}</ref> ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱤᱡᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱮᱢᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱡᱳᱨ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite book | last = Global Health Initiative | title = Why Global Health Matters | publisher = FamiliesUSA | year = 2008 | location = Washington, DC | url = http://www.familiesusa.org/issues/global-health/matters/ | access-date = 2008-06-10 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110308223639/http://www.familiesusa.org/issues/global-health/matters/ | archive-date = 2011-03-08 }}</ref> ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ, ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ([[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ|ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ]]), [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱮᱫ|ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱮᱫ]] ᱠᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱱ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ,<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Macfarlane SB, Jacobs M, Kaaya EE | title = In the name of global health: trends in academic institutions | journal = Journal of Public Health Policy | volume = 29 | issue = 4 | pages = 383–401 | date = December 2008 | pmid = 19079297 | doi = 10.1057/jphp.2008.25 | s2cid = 46424271 }}</ref><ref name="pmid32381654">{{cite journal | vauthors = Fischer SE, Patil P, Zielinski C, Baxter L, Bonilla-Escobar FJ, Hussain S, Lai C, Walpole SC, Ohanyido F, Flood D, Singh A, Al-Shorbaji N | display-authors = 6 | title = Is it about the 'where' or the 'how'? Comment on ''Defining global health as public health somewhere else'' | journal = BMJ Global Health | volume = 5 | issue = 5 | date = May 2020 | article-number = e002567 | pmid = 32381654 | pmc = 7223010 | doi = 10.1136/bmjgh-2020-002567 }}</ref> ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱱᱚᱡᱚᱨ ᱛᱮ [[ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱤᱥᱴᱤ|ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱥᱴᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ]] ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱜᱩᱞᱢᱟᱹᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱫᱤᱥᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱰᱟᱹᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ|ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ|ᱥᱤᱞᱯᱚ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ]] ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ [[ᱜᱚᱲᱚ|ᱵᱤᱫᱮᱥ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ]] ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite book |vauthors=White F, Nanan DJ |chapter=International and Global Health | veditors = Wallace RB |title= Maxcy-Rosenau-Last Public Health and Preventive Medicine |publisher=McGraw Hill |year=2008 |isbn=978-0-07-144198-8 |pages=1252–8 |edition=15th}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|title=Comparing Approaches to Research in Global and International Health: An Exploratory Study|journal=Annals of Global Health|date=2020-04-29|issn=2214-9996|pmc=7193757|pmid=32377512|pages=47|volume=86|issue=1|doi=10.5334/aogh.2799|first1=Kristy C. Y.|last1=Yiu|first2=Eva Merethe|last2=Solum|first3=Deborah D.|last3=DiLiberto|first4=Steffen|last4=Torp |doi-access=free }}</ref> ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ [[ᱟᱡᱟᱨ]] ᱠᱚ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜᱟᱜ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱨᱮ [[ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱟᱥᱟ]] ᱠᱚᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ᱾ ᱟᱸᱫᱟᱡᱽ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ, ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱟᱥᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱓᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ (ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ [[ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ]] ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ)᱾<ref>{{Cite journal| vauthors = [[Max Roser|Roser M]], Ortiz-Ospina E, [[Hannah Ritchie|Ritchie H]] |date=2013-05-23|title=Life Expectancy|url=https://ourworldindata.org/life-expectancy|journal=Our World in Data}}</ref> ᱮᱴᱟᱜ<!--related and similar--> ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱥᱟᱢᱚᱜᱽᱨᱤᱠ ᱫᱤᱥᱴᱤᱵᱷᱚᱝᱜᱤ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱤᱥᱴᱤ|ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ]] ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ]] ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Conrad PA, Meek LA, Dumit J | title = Operationalizing a One Health approach to global health challenges | journal = Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases | volume = 36 | issue = 3 | pages = 211–6 | date = May 2013 | pmid = 23711930 | doi = 10.1016/j.cimid.2013.03.006 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Hernando-Amado S, Coque TM, Baquero F, Martínez JL | title = Defining and combating antibiotic resistance from One Health and Global Health perspectives | journal = Nature Microbiology | volume = 4 | issue = 9 | pages = 1432–42 | date = September 2019 | pmid = 31439928 | doi = 10.1038/s41564-019-0503-9 | s2cid = 201283254 | url = https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/srhreports/health/health/43 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Sinclair JR | title = Importance of a One Health approach in advancing global health security and the Sustainable Development Goals | journal = Revue Scientifique et Technique | volume = 38 | issue = 1 | pages = 145–154 | date = May 2019 | pmid = 31564744 | doi = 10.20506/rst.38.1.2949 | s2cid = 203608381 }}</ref> ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ (ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ) ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱯᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ]] (WHO)᱾ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ [[ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱥᱮᱯᱷ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱯᱨᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ]] (WFP)᱾ [[ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ]] ᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ ᱩᱯᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ|ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ-ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱩᱯᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ]] ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ [[ᱢᱤᱞᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱡᱚᱥ]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/ |title=Millennium Development Goals |publisher=United Nations |access-date=2013-03-15}}</ref> ᱟᱨ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜᱟᱜ [[ᱴᱮᱠᱥᱚᱭ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱠᱚ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱷᱳᱥᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱮᱱᱮᱢᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱨᱤ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱠᱚ, ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ WHO, ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣᱮᱫᱟᱭ᱾ rp4o6d6wt8nzkr5eo7dxwf2kf8lq3xn 194324 194323 2026-07-12T15:34:08Z ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱗ 1744 /* */ 194324 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱯᱨᱮᱠᱷᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ}} {{For|ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱰᱟᱴᱟᱵᱮᱥ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ|ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱰᱟᱴᱟᱵᱮᱥ}} {{pp-vandalism|small=yes}} [[File:World Health Organisation building from south.jpg|thumb| [[ᱡᱮᱱᱮᱵᱷᱟ]], [[ᱥᱩᱭᱡᱟᱨᱞᱮᱱᱰ]] ᱨᱮ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ]]]] '''ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ''' ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱠᱟᱱᱟ;<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Brown TM, Cueto M, Fee E | title = The World Health Organization and the transition of "international" to "global" public health | journal = American Journal of Public Health | volume = 96 | issue = 1 | pages = 62–72 | date = January 2006 | pmid = 16322464 | pmc = 1470434 | doi = 10.2105/AJPH.2004.050831 }}</ref> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ "ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ, [[ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ]], ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱛ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ"᱾<ref name="Koplan">{{cite journal | vauthors = Koplan JP, Bond TC, Merson MH, Reddy KS, Rodriguez MH, Sewankambo NK, Wasserheit JN | title = Towards a common definition of global health | journal = Lancet | volume = 373 | issue = 9679 | pages = 1993–5 | date = June 2009 | pmid = 19493564 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60332-9 | pmc = 9905260 | bibcode = 2009Lanc..373.1993K | s2cid = 6919716 | citeseerx = 10.1.1.610.7968 }}</ref> ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱤᱡᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱮᱢᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱡᱳᱨ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite book | last = Global Health Initiative | title = Why Global Health Matters | publisher = FamiliesUSA | year = 2008 | location = Washington, DC | url = http://www.familiesusa.org/issues/global-health/matters/ | access-date = 2008-06-10 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110308223639/http://www.familiesusa.org/issues/global-health/matters/ | archive-date = 2011-03-08 }}</ref> ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ, ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ([[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ|ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ]]), [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱮᱫ|ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱮᱫ]] ᱠᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱱ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ,<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Macfarlane SB, Jacobs M, Kaaya EE | title = In the name of global health: trends in academic institutions | journal = Journal of Public Health Policy | volume = 29 | issue = 4 | pages = 383–401 | date = December 2008 | pmid = 19079297 | doi = 10.1057/jphp.2008.25 | s2cid = 46424271 }}</ref><ref name="pmid32381654">{{cite journal | vauthors = Fischer SE, Patil P, Zielinski C, Baxter L, Bonilla-Escobar FJ, Hussain S, Lai C, Walpole SC, Ohanyido F, Flood D, Singh A, Al-Shorbaji N | display-authors = 6 | title = Is it about the 'where' or the 'how'? Comment on ''Defining global health as public health somewhere else'' | journal = BMJ Global Health | volume = 5 | issue = 5 | date = May 2020 | article-number = e002567 | pmid = 32381654 | pmc = 7223010 | doi = 10.1136/bmjgh-2020-002567 }}</ref> ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱱᱚᱡᱚᱨ ᱛᱮ [[ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱤᱥᱴᱤ|ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱥᱴᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ]] ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱜᱩᱞᱢᱟᱹᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱫᱤᱥᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱰᱟᱹᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ|ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ|ᱥᱤᱞᱯᱚ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ]] ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ [[ᱜᱚᱲᱚ|ᱵᱤᱫᱮᱥ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ]] ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite book |vauthors=White F, Nanan DJ |chapter=International and Global Health | veditors = Wallace RB |title= Maxcy-Rosenau-Last Public Health and Preventive Medicine |publisher=McGraw Hill |year=2008 |isbn=978-0-07-144198-8 |pages=1252–8 |edition=15th}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|title=Comparing Approaches to Research in Global and International Health: An Exploratory Study|journal=Annals of Global Health|date=2020-04-29|issn=2214-9996|pmc=7193757|pmid=32377512|pages=47|volume=86|issue=1|doi=10.5334/aogh.2799|first1=Kristy C. Y.|last1=Yiu|first2=Eva Merethe|last2=Solum|first3=Deborah D.|last3=DiLiberto|first4=Steffen|last4=Torp |doi-access=free }}</ref> ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ [[ᱟᱡᱟᱨ]] ᱠᱚ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜᱟᱜ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱨᱮ [[ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱟᱥᱟ]] ᱠᱚᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ᱾ ᱟᱸᱫᱟᱡᱽ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ, ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱟᱥᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱓᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ (ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ [[ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ]] ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ)᱾<ref>{{Cite journal| vauthors = [[Max Roser|Roser M]], Ortiz-Ospina E, [[Hannah Ritchie|Ritchie H]] |date=2013-05-23|title=Life Expectancy|url=https://ourworldindata.org/life-expectancy|journal=Our World in Data}}</ref> ᱮᱴᱟᱜ<!--related and similar--> ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱥᱟᱢᱚᱜᱽᱨᱤᱠ ᱫᱤᱥᱴᱤᱵᱷᱚᱝᱜᱤ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱤᱥᱴᱤ|ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ]] ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ]] ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Conrad PA, Meek LA, Dumit J | title = Operationalizing a One Health approach to global health challenges | journal = Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases | volume = 36 | issue = 3 | pages = 211–6 | date = May 2013 | pmid = 23711930 | doi = 10.1016/j.cimid.2013.03.006 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Hernando-Amado S, Coque TM, Baquero F, Martínez JL | title = Defining and combating antibiotic resistance from One Health and Global Health perspectives | journal = Nature Microbiology | volume = 4 | issue = 9 | pages = 1432–42 | date = September 2019 | pmid = 31439928 | doi = 10.1038/s41564-019-0503-9 | s2cid = 201283254 | url = https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/srhreports/health/health/43 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Sinclair JR | title = Importance of a One Health approach in advancing global health security and the Sustainable Development Goals | journal = Revue Scientifique et Technique | volume = 38 | issue = 1 | pages = 145–154 | date = May 2019 | pmid = 31564744 | doi = 10.20506/rst.38.1.2949 | s2cid = 203608381 }}</ref> ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ (ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ) ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱯᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ]] (WHO)᱾ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ [[ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱥᱮᱯᱷ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱯᱨᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ]] (WFP)᱾ [[ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ]] ᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ ᱩᱯᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ|ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ-ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱩᱯᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ]] ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ [[ᱢᱤᱞᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱡᱚᱥ]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/ |title=Millennium Development Goals |publisher=United Nations |access-date=2013-03-15}}</ref> ᱟᱨ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜᱟᱜ [[ᱴᱮᱠᱥᱚᱭ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱠᱚ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱷᱳᱥᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱮᱱᱮᱢᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱨᱤ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱠᱚ, ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ WHO, ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣᱮᱫᱟᱭ᱾ p42g5a8w8dn3gnkv6vtmryrxqktgc0g 194327 194324 2026-07-12T16:42:24Z ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱗ 1744 /* */ 194327 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱯᱨᱮᱠᱷᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ}} {{For|ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱰᱟᱴᱟᱵᱮᱥ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ|ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱰᱟᱴᱟᱵᱮᱥ}} {{pp-vandalism|small=yes}} [[File:World Health Organisation building from south.jpg|thumb| [[ᱡᱮᱱᱮᱵᱷᱟ]], [[ᱥᱩᱭᱡᱟᱨᱞᱮᱱᱰ]] ᱨᱮ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ]]]] '''ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ''' ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱠᱟᱱᱟ;<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Brown TM, Cueto M, Fee E | title = The World Health Organization and the transition of "international" to "global" public health | journal = American Journal of Public Health | volume = 96 | issue = 1 | pages = 62–72 | date = January 2006 | pmid = 16322464 | pmc = 1470434 | doi = 10.2105/AJPH.2004.050831 }}</ref> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ "ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ, [[ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ]], ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱛ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ"᱾<ref name="Koplan">{{cite journal | vauthors = Koplan JP, Bond TC, Merson MH, Reddy KS, Rodriguez MH, Sewankambo NK, Wasserheit JN | title = Towards a common definition of global health | journal = Lancet | volume = 373 | issue = 9679 | pages = 1993–5 | date = June 2009 | pmid = 19493564 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60332-9 | pmc = 9905260 | bibcode = 2009Lanc..373.1993K | s2cid = 6919716 | citeseerx = 10.1.1.610.7968 }}</ref> ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱤᱡᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱮᱢᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱡᱳᱨ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite book | last = Global Health Initiative | title = Why Global Health Matters | publisher = FamiliesUSA | year = 2008 | location = Washington, DC | url = http://www.familiesusa.org/issues/global-health/matters/ | access-date = 2008-06-10 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110308223639/http://www.familiesusa.org/issues/global-health/matters/ | archive-date = 2011-03-08 }}</ref> ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ, ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ([[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ|ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ]]), [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱮᱫ|ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱮᱫ]] ᱠᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱱ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ,<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Macfarlane SB, Jacobs M, Kaaya EE | title = In the name of global health: trends in academic institutions | journal = Journal of Public Health Policy | volume = 29 | issue = 4 | pages = 383–401 | date = December 2008 | pmid = 19079297 | doi = 10.1057/jphp.2008.25 | s2cid = 46424271 }}</ref><ref name="pmid32381654">{{cite journal | vauthors = Fischer SE, Patil P, Zielinski C, Baxter L, Bonilla-Escobar FJ, Hussain S, Lai C, Walpole SC, Ohanyido F, Flood D, Singh A, Al-Shorbaji N | display-authors = 6 | title = Is it about the 'where' or the 'how'? Comment on ''Defining global health as public health somewhere else'' | journal = BMJ Global Health | volume = 5 | issue = 5 | date = May 2020 | article-number = e002567 | pmid = 32381654 | pmc = 7223010 | doi = 10.1136/bmjgh-2020-002567 }}</ref> ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱱᱚᱡᱚᱨ ᱛᱮ [[ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱤᱥᱴᱤ|ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱥᱴᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ]] ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱜᱩᱞᱢᱟᱹᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱫᱤᱥᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱰᱟᱹᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ|ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ|ᱥᱤᱞᱯᱚ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ]] ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ [[ᱜᱚᱲᱚ|ᱵᱤᱫᱮᱥ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ]] ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite book |vauthors=White F, Nanan DJ |chapter=International and Global Health | veditors = Wallace RB |title= Maxcy-Rosenau-Last Public Health and Preventive Medicine |publisher=McGraw Hill |year=2008 |isbn=978-0-07-144198-8 |pages=1252–8 |edition=15th}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|title=Comparing Approaches to Research in Global and International Health: An Exploratory Study|journal=Annals of Global Health|date=2020-04-29|issn=2214-9996|pmc=7193757|pmid=32377512|pages=47|volume=86|issue=1|doi=10.5334/aogh.2799|first1=Kristy C. Y.|last1=Yiu|first2=Eva Merethe|last2=Solum|first3=Deborah D.|last3=DiLiberto|first4=Steffen|last4=Torp |doi-access=free }}</ref> ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ [[ᱟᱡᱟᱨ]] ᱠᱚ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜᱟᱜ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱨᱮ [[ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱟᱥᱟ]] ᱠᱚᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ᱾ ᱟᱸᱫᱟᱡᱽ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ, ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱟᱥᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱓᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ (ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ [[ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ]] ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ)᱾<ref>{{Cite journal| vauthors = [[Max Roser|Roser M]], Ortiz-Ospina E, [[Hannah Ritchie|Ritchie H]] |date=2013-05-23|title=Life Expectancy|url=https://ourworldindata.org/life-expectancy|journal=Our World in Data}}</ref> ᱮᱴᱟᱜ<!--related and similar--> ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱥᱟᱢᱚᱜᱽᱨᱤᱠ ᱫᱤᱥᱴᱤᱵᱷᱚᱝᱜᱤ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱤᱥᱴᱤ|ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ]] ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ]] ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Conrad PA, Meek LA, Dumit J | title = Operationalizing a One Health approach to global health challenges | journal = Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases | volume = 36 | issue = 3 | pages = 211–6 | date = May 2013 | pmid = 23711930 | doi = 10.1016/j.cimid.2013.03.006 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Hernando-Amado S, Coque TM, Baquero F, Martínez JL | title = Defining and combating antibiotic resistance from One Health and Global Health perspectives | journal = Nature Microbiology | volume = 4 | issue = 9 | pages = 1432–42 | date = September 2019 | pmid = 31439928 | doi = 10.1038/s41564-019-0503-9 | s2cid = 201283254 | url = https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/srhreports/health/health/43 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Sinclair JR | title = Importance of a One Health approach in advancing global health security and the Sustainable Development Goals | journal = Revue Scientifique et Technique | volume = 38 | issue = 1 | pages = 145–154 | date = May 2019 | pmid = 31564744 | doi = 10.20506/rst.38.1.2949 | s2cid = 203608381 }}</ref> ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ (ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ) ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱯᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ]] (WHO)᱾ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ [[ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱥᱮᱯᱷ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱯᱨᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ]] (WFP)᱾ [[ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ]] ᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ ᱩᱯᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ|ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ-ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱩᱯᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ]] ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ [[ᱢᱤᱞᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱡᱚᱥ]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/ |title=Millennium Development Goals |publisher=United Nations |access-date=2013-03-15}}</ref> ᱟᱨ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜᱟᱜ [[ᱴᱮᱠᱥᱚᱭ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱠᱚ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱷᱳᱥᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱮᱱᱮᱢᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱨᱤ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱠᱚ, ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ WHO, ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣᱮᱫᱟᱭ᱾ == ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ == [[File:Open Global Health at OpenCon 2015.jpg|thumb|ᱳᱯᱮᱱᱠᱚᱱ ᱒᱐᱑᱕ ᱨᱮ ᱳᱯᱮᱱ ᱜᱞᱳᱵᱟᱞ ᱦᱮᱞᱛᱷ]] ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱴᱤᱵᱷᱚᱝᱜᱤ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱯᱨᱮᱠᱷᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱯᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ * [[ᱨᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ]] ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱯᱮᱛᱷᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ]] ᱮ ᱵᱚᱨᱱᱚᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ [[ᱴᱮᱠᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ|ᱴᱮᱠᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ]], [[ᱨᱳᱜᱽ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹᱣ]], ᱟᱨ [[ᱛᱤᱠᱤᱪᱷᱟ]] ᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Weatherall DJ, Clegg JB | title = Inherited haemoglobin disorders: an increasing global health problem | journal = Bulletin of the World Health Organization | volume = 79 | issue = 8 | pages = 704–712 | year = 2001 | pmid = 11545326 | pmc = 2566499 }}</ref> * [[ᱫᱤᱥᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱳᱨ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Fried LP, Bentley ME, Buekens P, Burke DS, Frenk JJ, Klag MJ, Spencer HC | title = Global health is public health | journal = Lancet | volume = 375 | issue = 9714 | pages = 535–7 | date = February 2010 | pmid = 20159277 | doi = 10.1016/s0140-6736(10)60203-6 | s2cid = 38796542 }}</ref> * [[ᱮᱯᱤᱰᱮᱢᱤᱭᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ]] ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ ᱩᱯᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Ahern M, Kovats RS, Wilkinson P, Few R, Matthies F | title = Global health impacts of floods: epidemiologic evidence | journal = Epidemiologic Reviews | volume = 27 | issue = 1 | pages = 36–46 | year = 2005 | pmid = 15958425 | doi = 10.1093/epirev/mxi004 | doi-access = free }}</ref> * [[ᱰᱮᱢᱚᱜᱨᱟᱯᱷᱤ]] ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱰᱟᱴᱟ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite book | vauthors = Verano JW, Ubelake DH |title=Disease and demography in the Americas |date=1992 |publisher=Smithsonian Institution Press |location=Washington |isbn=978-1-56098-163-3}}</ref> * [[ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ]] ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱯᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱚᱪ-ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱚᱪ-ᱞᱟᱵᱷ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱳᱨ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite report | vauthors = Bloom DE, Cafiero E, Jané-Llopis E, Abrahams-Gessel S, Bloom LR, Fathima S, Feigl AB, Gaziano T, Hamandi A, Mowafi M, O'Farrell D | display-authors = 6 | title = The global economic burden of noncommunicable diseases. | work = Program on the Global Demography of Aging | date = January 2012 | url = https://ideas.repec.org/p/gdm/wpaper/8712.html }}</ref> * ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ]], [[ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ]], [[ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ]], [[ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ]], [[ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ]], ᱟᱨ [[ᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱨᱤ]] ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱯᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱮᱢ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱜᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ [[ᱱᱤᱛᱤᱥᱟᱥᱛᱨᱚ|ᱱᱤᱛᱤᱜᱚᱛ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱟᱹᱭᱫᱟᱹᱨᱤ]] ᱠᱚ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱠᱩᱠᱞᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝᱼᱟ᱾ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱᱚᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱝ-ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱩᱠᱛᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱠᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟᱱ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱤᱛᱷᱤᱠᱥ/ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱤᱛᱷᱤᱠᱥ ᱠᱟᱣᱩᱱᱥᱤᱞ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱨ-ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱞᱳᱵᱟᱞ ᱥᱟᱢᱤᱴ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.globalsummit-berlin2016.de/ | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190404102034/https://www.globalsummit-berlin2016.de/ | archive-date = 4 April 2019 | title = Global Summits of National Ethics/Bioethics Councils | location = Berlin | date = 2016 }}</ref> 2bndfaix36psnmgae2rx3dfp6gdb6vg 194328 194327 2026-07-12T16:42:47Z ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱗ 1744 194328 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱯᱨᱮᱠᱷᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ}} {{For|ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱰᱟᱴᱟᱵᱮᱥ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ|ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱰᱟᱴᱟᱵᱮᱥ}} {{pp-vandalism|small=yes}} [[File:World Health Organisation building from south.jpg|thumb| [[ᱡᱮᱱᱮᱵᱷᱟ]], [[ᱥᱩᱭᱡᱟᱨᱞᱮᱱᱰ]] ᱨᱮ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ]]]] '''ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ''' ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱠᱟᱱᱟ;<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Brown TM, Cueto M, Fee E | title = The World Health Organization and the transition of "international" to "global" public health | journal = American Journal of Public Health | volume = 96 | issue = 1 | pages = 62–72 | date = January 2006 | pmid = 16322464 | pmc = 1470434 | doi = 10.2105/AJPH.2004.050831 }}</ref> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ "ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ, [[ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ]], ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱛ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ"᱾<ref name="Koplan">{{cite journal | vauthors = Koplan JP, Bond TC, Merson MH, Reddy KS, Rodriguez MH, Sewankambo NK, Wasserheit JN | title = Towards a common definition of global health | journal = Lancet | volume = 373 | issue = 9679 | pages = 1993–5 | date = June 2009 | pmid = 19493564 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60332-9 | pmc = 9905260 | bibcode = 2009Lanc..373.1993K | s2cid = 6919716 | citeseerx = 10.1.1.610.7968 }}</ref> ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱤᱡᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱮᱢᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱡᱳᱨ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite book | last = Global Health Initiative | title = Why Global Health Matters | publisher = FamiliesUSA | year = 2008 | location = Washington, DC | url = http://www.familiesusa.org/issues/global-health/matters/ | access-date = 2008-06-10 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110308223639/http://www.familiesusa.org/issues/global-health/matters/ | archive-date = 2011-03-08 }}</ref> ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ, ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ([[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ|ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ]]), [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱮᱫ|ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱮᱫ]] ᱠᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱱ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ,<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Macfarlane SB, Jacobs M, Kaaya EE | title = In the name of global health: trends in academic institutions | journal = Journal of Public Health Policy | volume = 29 | issue = 4 | pages = 383–401 | date = December 2008 | pmid = 19079297 | doi = 10.1057/jphp.2008.25 | s2cid = 46424271 }}</ref><ref name="pmid32381654">{{cite journal | vauthors = Fischer SE, Patil P, Zielinski C, Baxter L, Bonilla-Escobar FJ, Hussain S, Lai C, Walpole SC, Ohanyido F, Flood D, Singh A, Al-Shorbaji N | display-authors = 6 | title = Is it about the 'where' or the 'how'? Comment on ''Defining global health as public health somewhere else'' | journal = BMJ Global Health | volume = 5 | issue = 5 | date = May 2020 | article-number = e002567 | pmid = 32381654 | pmc = 7223010 | doi = 10.1136/bmjgh-2020-002567 }}</ref> ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱱᱚᱡᱚᱨ ᱛᱮ [[ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱤᱥᱴᱤ|ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱥᱴᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ]] ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱜᱩᱞᱢᱟᱹᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱫᱤᱥᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱰᱟᱹᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ|ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ|ᱥᱤᱞᱯᱚ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ]] ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ [[ᱜᱚᱲᱚ|ᱵᱤᱫᱮᱥ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ]] ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite book |vauthors=White F, Nanan DJ |chapter=International and Global Health | veditors = Wallace RB |title= Maxcy-Rosenau-Last Public Health and Preventive Medicine |publisher=McGraw Hill |year=2008 |isbn=978-0-07-144198-8 |pages=1252–8 |edition=15th}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|title=Comparing Approaches to Research in Global and International Health: An Exploratory Study|journal=Annals of Global Health|date=2020-04-29|issn=2214-9996|pmc=7193757|pmid=32377512|pages=47|volume=86|issue=1|doi=10.5334/aogh.2799|first1=Kristy C. Y.|last1=Yiu|first2=Eva Merethe|last2=Solum|first3=Deborah D.|last3=DiLiberto|first4=Steffen|last4=Torp |doi-access=free }}</ref> ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ [[ᱟᱡᱟᱨ]] ᱠᱚ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜᱟᱜ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱨᱮ [[ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱟᱥᱟ]] ᱠᱚᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ᱾ ᱟᱸᱫᱟᱡᱽ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ, ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱟᱥᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱓᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ (ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ [[ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ]] ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ)᱾<ref>{{Cite journal| vauthors = [[Max Roser|Roser M]], Ortiz-Ospina E, [[Hannah Ritchie|Ritchie H]] |date=2013-05-23|title=Life Expectancy|url=https://ourworldindata.org/life-expectancy|journal=Our World in Data}}</ref> ᱮᱴᱟᱜ<!--related and similar--> ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱥᱟᱢᱚᱜᱽᱨᱤᱠ ᱫᱤᱥᱴᱤᱵᱷᱚᱝᱜᱤ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱤᱥᱴᱤ|ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ]] ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ]] ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Conrad PA, Meek LA, Dumit J | title = Operationalizing a One Health approach to global health challenges | journal = Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases | volume = 36 | issue = 3 | pages = 211–6 | date = May 2013 | pmid = 23711930 | doi = 10.1016/j.cimid.2013.03.006 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Hernando-Amado S, Coque TM, Baquero F, Martínez JL | title = Defining and combating antibiotic resistance from One Health and Global Health perspectives | journal = Nature Microbiology | volume = 4 | issue = 9 | pages = 1432–42 | date = September 2019 | pmid = 31439928 | doi = 10.1038/s41564-019-0503-9 | s2cid = 201283254 | url = https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/srhreports/health/health/43 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Sinclair JR | title = Importance of a One Health approach in advancing global health security and the Sustainable Development Goals | journal = Revue Scientifique et Technique | volume = 38 | issue = 1 | pages = 145–154 | date = May 2019 | pmid = 31564744 | doi = 10.20506/rst.38.1.2949 | s2cid = 203608381 }}</ref> ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ (ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ) ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱯᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ]] (WHO)᱾ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ [[ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱥᱮᱯᱷ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱯᱨᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ]] (WFP)᱾ [[ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ]] ᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ ᱩᱯᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ|ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ-ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱩᱯᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ]] ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ [[ᱢᱤᱞᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱡᱚᱥ]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/ |title=Millennium Development Goals |publisher=United Nations |access-date=2013-03-15}}</ref> ᱟᱨ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜᱟᱜ [[ᱴᱮᱠᱥᱚᱭ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱠᱚ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱷᱳᱥᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱮᱱᱮᱢᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱨᱤ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱠᱚ, ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ WHO, ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣᱮᱫᱟᱭ᱾ == ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ == [[File:Open Global Health at OpenCon 2015.jpg|thumb|ᱳᱯᱮᱱᱠᱚᱱ ᱒᱐᱑᱕ ᱨᱮ ᱳᱯᱮᱱ ᱜᱞᱳᱵᱟᱞ ᱦᱮᱞᱛᱷ]] ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱴᱤᱵᱷᱚᱝᱜᱤ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱯᱨᱮᱠᱷᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱯᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ * [[ᱨᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ]] ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱯᱮᱛᱷᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ]] ᱮ ᱵᱚᱨᱱᱚᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ [[ᱴᱮᱠᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ|ᱴᱮᱠᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ]], [[ᱨᱳᱜᱽ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹᱣ]], ᱟᱨ [[ᱛᱤᱠᱤᱪᱷᱟ]] ᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Weatherall DJ, Clegg JB | title = Inherited haemoglobin disorders: an increasing global health problem | journal = Bulletin of the World Health Organization | volume = 79 | issue = 8 | pages = 704–712 | year = 2001 | pmid = 11545326 | pmc = 2566499 }}</ref> * [[ᱫᱤᱥᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱳᱨ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Fried LP, Bentley ME, Buekens P, Burke DS, Frenk JJ, Klag MJ, Spencer HC | title = Global health is public health | journal = Lancet | volume = 375 | issue = 9714 | pages = 535–7 | date = February 2010 | pmid = 20159277 | doi = 10.1016/s0140-6736(10)60203-6 | s2cid = 38796542 }}</ref> * [[ᱮᱯᱤᱰᱮᱢᱤᱭᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ]] ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ ᱩᱯᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Ahern M, Kovats RS, Wilkinson P, Few R, Matthies F | title = Global health impacts of floods: epidemiologic evidence | journal = Epidemiologic Reviews | volume = 27 | issue = 1 | pages = 36–46 | year = 2005 | pmid = 15958425 | doi = 10.1093/epirev/mxi004 | doi-access = free }}</ref> * [[ᱰᱮᱢᱚᱜᱨᱟᱯᱷᱤ]] ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱰᱟᱴᱟ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite book | vauthors = Verano JW, Ubelake DH |title=Disease and demography in the Americas |date=1992 |publisher=Smithsonian Institution Press |location=Washington |isbn=978-1-56098-163-3}}</ref> * [[ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ]] ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱯᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱚᱪ-ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱚᱪ-ᱞᱟᱵᱷ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱳᱨ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite report | vauthors = Bloom DE, Cafiero E, Jané-Llopis E, Abrahams-Gessel S, Bloom LR, Fathima S, Feigl AB, Gaziano T, Hamandi A, Mowafi M, O'Farrell D | display-authors = 6 | title = The global economic burden of noncommunicable diseases. | work = Program on the Global Demography of Aging | date = January 2012 | url = https://ideas.repec.org/p/gdm/wpaper/8712.html }}</ref> * ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ]], [[ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ]], [[ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ]], [[ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ]], [[ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ]], ᱟᱨ [[ᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱨᱤ]] ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱯᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱮᱢ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱜᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ [[ᱱᱤᱛᱤᱥᱟᱥᱛᱨᱚ|ᱱᱤᱛᱤᱜᱚᱛ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱟᱹᱭᱫᱟᱹᱨᱤ]] ᱠᱚ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱠᱩᱠᱞᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝᱼᱟ᱾ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱᱚᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱝ-ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱩᱠᱛᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱠᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟᱱ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱤᱛᱷᱤᱠᱥ/ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱼᱤᱛᱷᱤᱠᱥ ᱠᱟᱣᱩᱱᱥᱤᱞ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱨ-ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱞᱳᱵᱟᱞ ᱥᱟᱢᱤᱴ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.globalsummit-berlin2016.de/ | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190404102034/https://www.globalsummit-berlin2016.de/ | archive-date = 4 April 2019 | title = Global Summits of National Ethics/Bioethics Councils | location = Berlin | date = 2016 }}</ref> cjyl5cdqsnc7pmvhj8k1z8vace1ol4v 194331 194328 2026-07-12T16:59:15Z ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱗ 1744 /* ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ */ 194331 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱯᱨᱮᱠᱷᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ}} {{For|ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱰᱟᱴᱟᱵᱮᱥ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ|ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱰᱟᱴᱟᱵᱮᱥ}} {{pp-vandalism|small=yes}} [[File:World Health Organisation building from south.jpg|thumb| [[ᱡᱮᱱᱮᱵᱷᱟ]], [[ᱥᱩᱭᱡᱟᱨᱞᱮᱱᱰ]] ᱨᱮ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ]]]] '''ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ''' ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱠᱟᱱᱟ;<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Brown TM, Cueto M, Fee E | title = The World Health Organization and the transition of "international" to "global" public health | journal = American Journal of Public Health | volume = 96 | issue = 1 | pages = 62–72 | date = January 2006 | pmid = 16322464 | pmc = 1470434 | doi = 10.2105/AJPH.2004.050831 }}</ref> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ "ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ, [[ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ]], ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱛ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ"᱾<ref name="Koplan">{{cite journal | vauthors = Koplan JP, Bond TC, Merson MH, Reddy KS, Rodriguez MH, Sewankambo NK, Wasserheit JN | title = Towards a common definition of global health | journal = Lancet | volume = 373 | issue = 9679 | pages = 1993–5 | date = June 2009 | pmid = 19493564 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60332-9 | pmc = 9905260 | bibcode = 2009Lanc..373.1993K | s2cid = 6919716 | citeseerx = 10.1.1.610.7968 }}</ref> ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱤᱡᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱮᱢᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱡᱳᱨ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite book | last = Global Health Initiative | title = Why Global Health Matters | publisher = FamiliesUSA | year = 2008 | location = Washington, DC | url = http://www.familiesusa.org/issues/global-health/matters/ | access-date = 2008-06-10 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110308223639/http://www.familiesusa.org/issues/global-health/matters/ | archive-date = 2011-03-08 }}</ref> ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ, ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ([[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ|ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ]]), [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱮᱫ|ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱮᱫ]] ᱠᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱱ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ,<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Macfarlane SB, Jacobs M, Kaaya EE | title = In the name of global health: trends in academic institutions | journal = Journal of Public Health Policy | volume = 29 | issue = 4 | pages = 383–401 | date = December 2008 | pmid = 19079297 | doi = 10.1057/jphp.2008.25 | s2cid = 46424271 }}</ref><ref name="pmid32381654">{{cite journal | vauthors = Fischer SE, Patil P, Zielinski C, Baxter L, Bonilla-Escobar FJ, Hussain S, Lai C, Walpole SC, Ohanyido F, Flood D, Singh A, Al-Shorbaji N | display-authors = 6 | title = Is it about the 'where' or the 'how'? Comment on ''Defining global health as public health somewhere else'' | journal = BMJ Global Health | volume = 5 | issue = 5 | date = May 2020 | article-number = e002567 | pmid = 32381654 | pmc = 7223010 | doi = 10.1136/bmjgh-2020-002567 }}</ref> ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱱᱚᱡᱚᱨ ᱛᱮ [[ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱤᱥᱴᱤ|ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱥᱴᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ]] ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱜᱩᱞᱢᱟᱹᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱫᱤᱥᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱰᱟᱹᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ|ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ|ᱥᱤᱞᱯᱚ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ]] ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ [[ᱜᱚᱲᱚ|ᱵᱤᱫᱮᱥ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ]] ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite book |vauthors=White F, Nanan DJ |chapter=International and Global Health | veditors = Wallace RB |title= Maxcy-Rosenau-Last Public Health and Preventive Medicine |publisher=McGraw Hill |year=2008 |isbn=978-0-07-144198-8 |pages=1252–8 |edition=15th}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|title=Comparing Approaches to Research in Global and International Health: An Exploratory Study|journal=Annals of Global Health|date=2020-04-29|issn=2214-9996|pmc=7193757|pmid=32377512|pages=47|volume=86|issue=1|doi=10.5334/aogh.2799|first1=Kristy C. Y.|last1=Yiu|first2=Eva Merethe|last2=Solum|first3=Deborah D.|last3=DiLiberto|first4=Steffen|last4=Torp |doi-access=free }}</ref> ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ [[ᱟᱡᱟᱨ]] ᱠᱚ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜᱟᱜ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱨᱮ [[ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱟᱥᱟ]] ᱠᱚᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ᱾ ᱟᱸᱫᱟᱡᱽ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ, ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱟᱥᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱓᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ (ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ [[ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ]] ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ)᱾<ref>{{Cite journal| vauthors = [[Max Roser|Roser M]], Ortiz-Ospina E, [[Hannah Ritchie|Ritchie H]] |date=2013-05-23|title=Life Expectancy|url=https://ourworldindata.org/life-expectancy|journal=Our World in Data}}</ref> ᱮᱴᱟᱜ<!--related and similar--> ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱥᱟᱢᱚᱜᱽᱨᱤᱠ ᱫᱤᱥᱴᱤᱵᱷᱚᱝᱜᱤ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱤᱥᱴᱤ|ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ]] ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ]] ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Conrad PA, Meek LA, Dumit J | title = Operationalizing a One Health approach to global health challenges | journal = Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases | volume = 36 | issue = 3 | pages = 211–6 | date = May 2013 | pmid = 23711930 | doi = 10.1016/j.cimid.2013.03.006 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Hernando-Amado S, Coque TM, Baquero F, Martínez JL | title = Defining and combating antibiotic resistance from One Health and Global Health perspectives | journal = Nature Microbiology | volume = 4 | issue = 9 | pages = 1432–42 | date = September 2019 | pmid = 31439928 | doi = 10.1038/s41564-019-0503-9 | s2cid = 201283254 | url = https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/srhreports/health/health/43 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Sinclair JR | title = Importance of a One Health approach in advancing global health security and the Sustainable Development Goals | journal = Revue Scientifique et Technique | volume = 38 | issue = 1 | pages = 145–154 | date = May 2019 | pmid = 31564744 | doi = 10.20506/rst.38.1.2949 | s2cid = 203608381 }}</ref> ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ (ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ) ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱯᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ]] (WHO)᱾ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ [[ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱥᱮᱯᱷ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱯᱨᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ]] (WFP)᱾ [[ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ]] ᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ ᱩᱯᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ|ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ-ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱩᱯᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ]] ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ [[ᱢᱤᱞᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱡᱚᱥ]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/ |title=Millennium Development Goals |publisher=United Nations |access-date=2013-03-15}}</ref> ᱟᱨ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜᱟᱜ [[ᱴᱮᱠᱥᱚᱭ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱠᱚ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱷᱳᱥᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱮᱱᱮᱢᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱨᱤ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱠᱚ, ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ WHO, ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣᱮᱫᱟᱭ᱾ == ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ == [[File:Open Global Health at OpenCon 2015.jpg|thumb|ᱳᱯᱮᱱᱠᱚᱱ ᱒᱐᱑᱕ ᱨᱮ ᱳᱯᱮᱱ ᱜᱞᱳᱵᱟᱞ ᱦᱮᱞᱛᱷ]] ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱴᱤᱵᱷᱚᱝᱜᱤ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱯᱨᱮᱠᱷᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱯᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ * [[ᱨᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ]] ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱯᱮᱛᱷᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ]] ᱮ ᱵᱚᱨᱱᱚᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ [[ᱴᱮᱠᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ|ᱴᱮᱠᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ]], [[ᱨᱳᱜᱽ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹᱣ]], ᱟᱨ [[ᱛᱤᱠᱤᱪᱷᱟ]] ᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Weatherall DJ, Clegg JB | title = Inherited haemoglobin disorders: an increasing global health problem | journal = Bulletin of the World Health Organization | volume = 79 | issue = 8 | pages = 704–712 | year = 2001 | pmid = 11545326 | pmc = 2566499 }}</ref> * [[ᱫᱤᱥᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱳᱨ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Fried LP, Bentley ME, Buekens P, Burke DS, Frenk JJ, Klag MJ, Spencer HC | title = Global health is public health | journal = Lancet | volume = 375 | issue = 9714 | pages = 535–7 | date = February 2010 | pmid = 20159277 | doi = 10.1016/s0140-6736(10)60203-6 | s2cid = 38796542 }}</ref> * [[ᱮᱯᱤᱰᱮᱢᱤᱭᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ]] ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ ᱩᱯᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Ahern M, Kovats RS, Wilkinson P, Few R, Matthies F | title = Global health impacts of floods: epidemiologic evidence | journal = Epidemiologic Reviews | volume = 27 | issue = 1 | pages = 36–46 | year = 2005 | pmid = 15958425 | doi = 10.1093/epirev/mxi004 | doi-access = free }}</ref> * [[ᱰᱮᱢᱚᱜᱨᱟᱯᱷᱤ]] ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱰᱟᱴᱟ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite book | vauthors = Verano JW, Ubelake DH |title=Disease and demography in the Americas |date=1992 |publisher=Smithsonian Institution Press |location=Washington |isbn=978-1-56098-163-3}}</ref> * [[ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ]] ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱯᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱚᱪ-ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱚᱪ-ᱞᱟᱵᱷ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱳᱨ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite report | vauthors = Bloom DE, Cafiero E, Jané-Llopis E, Abrahams-Gessel S, Bloom LR, Fathima S, Feigl AB, Gaziano T, Hamandi A, Mowafi M, O'Farrell D | display-authors = 6 | title = The global economic burden of noncommunicable diseases. | work = Program on the Global Demography of Aging | date = January 2012 | url = https://ideas.repec.org/p/gdm/wpaper/8712.html }}</ref> * ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ]], [[ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ]], [[ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ]], [[ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ]], [[ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ]], ᱟᱨ [[ᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱨᱤ]] ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱯᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱮᱢ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱜᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ [[ᱱᱤᱛᱤᱥᱟᱥᱛᱨᱚ|ᱱᱤᱛᱤᱜᱚᱛ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱟᱹᱭᱫᱟᱹᱨᱤ]] ᱠᱚ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱠᱩᱠᱞᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝᱼᱟ᱾ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱᱚᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱝ-ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱩᱠᱛᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱠᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟᱱ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱤᱛᱷᱤᱠᱥ/ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱼᱤᱛᱷᱤᱠᱥ ᱠᱟᱣᱩᱱᱥᱤᱞ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱨ-ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱞᱳᱵᱟᱞ ᱥᱟᱢᱤᱴ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.globalsummit-berlin2016.de/ | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190404102034/https://www.globalsummit-berlin2016.de/ | archive-date = 4 April 2019 | title = Global Summits of National Ethics/Bioethics Councils | location = Berlin | date = 2016 }}</ref> == ᱢᱟᱯ ᱠᱚ == ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ [[ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ|ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ]] (ᱰᱤ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ), [[ᱜᱩᱱ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ|ᱜᱩᱱ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ]] (ᱠᱤᱣ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ.ᱮᱥ), ᱟᱨ [[ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱦᱟᱨ|ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱦᱟᱨ]] ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref name="etches2006">{{cite journal | vauthors = Etches V, Frank J, Di Ruggiero E, Manuel D | title = Measuring population health: a review of indicators | journal = Annual Review of Public Health | volume = 27 | pages = 29–55 | year = 2006 | pmid = 16533108 | doi = 10.1146/annurev.publhealth.27.021405.102141 | doi-access = free }}</ref> === ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ === [[Image:All causes DALYs per 100,000 people gradient world map (2021).svg|thumb|᱒᱐᱒᱑ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱑᱐᱐,᱐᱐᱐ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱯᱤᱪᱷᱤ ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ:<div style="text-align: left"> {{legend|#e0e0e0|ᱰᱟᱴᱟ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜᱼᱟ}} {{legend|#ffffcc|᱒۳,᱕᱐᱐ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ}} {{legend|#ffeda0|᱒᱓,᱕᱐᱐-᱓᱑,᱐᱐᱐}} {{legend|#fed976|᱓᱑,᱐᱐᱐-᱓᱘,᱕᱐᱐}} {{legend|#feb24c|᱓᱘,᱕᱐᱐-᱔᱖,᱐᱐᱐}} {{legend|#fd8d3c|᱔᱖,᱐᱐᱐-᱕᱓,᱕᱐᱐}} {{legend|#fc4e2a|᱕᱓,᱕᱐᱐-᱖᱑,᱐᱐᱐}} {{legend|#e31a1c|᱖᱑,᱐᱐᱐-᱖᱘,᱕᱐᱐}} {{legend|#bd0026|᱖᱘,᱕᱐᱐-᱗᱖,᱐᱐᱐}} {{legend|#800026|᱗᱖,᱐᱐᱐ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ}} </div>]] {{Main|ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ}} ᱰᱤ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱨᱟᱝᱥ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱠᱷᱟᱸᱰᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱱᱚᱥᱴᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ [[ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ|ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ]], [[ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ|ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ]], ᱟᱨ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱰᱤ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱥᱴᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ "ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ" ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱰᱤ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱱᱚᱥᱴᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱚᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱱᱚᱥᱴᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱜᱽ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ === ᱜᱩᱱ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ === {{Main|ᱜᱩᱱ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ}} ᱠᱤᱣ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ.ᱮᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱥᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱥᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ [[ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱱ (ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ)|ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱱ]] ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱟ: ᱡᱩᱫᱤ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱱᱚᱝ ᱢᱤᱫ (ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ) ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ, ᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱱᱚᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ (ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ) ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾ QALY ᱦᱤᱥᱟᱹᱵᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱜᱚᱱᱚᱝ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱮᱦᱟᱸᱰ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱥᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚᱦᱚᱭᱟ᱾ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ: ᱚᱱᱠᱟᱱ ᱴᱮᱠᱱᱤᱠ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱚᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱯᱚᱥᱚᱱᱫᱽ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱡᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱠᱚᱞ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟ, ᱥᱟᱨᱵᱷᱮ ᱥᱮ ᱵᱤᱥᱞᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱚᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱤᱪᱷᱟᱹ ᱟᱱᱢᱟᱱᱟ, ᱥᱮ ᱚᱱᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱚᱱᱛᱨᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱤᱠᱤᱪᱷᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱥᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱟᱥᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱮᱦᱟᱸᱰ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref name="etches2006" /> === ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ === {{Main|ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ|ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ}} ᱕ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱰᱤ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ.ᱮᱥ ᱥᱮ ᱠᱤᱣ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ.ᱮᱥ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱥᱩᱱᱤᱨᱫᱤᱥᱴᱚ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ|ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ]] ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱮᱢ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱮᱡ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱥᱚᱠᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Mulholland E, Smith L, Carneiro I, Becher H, Lehmann D | title = Equity and child-survival strategies | journal = Bulletin of the World Health Organization | volume = 86 | issue = 5 | pages = 399–407 | date = May 2008 | pmid = 18545743 | pmc = 2647438 | doi = 10.2471/BLT.07.044545 }}</ref> added section === ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱨ === {{Main|ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱨ}} ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱨᱮ [[ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱨ|ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱨ]], [[ᱯᱨᱚᱵᱚᱞᱚᱛᱟ|ᱯᱨᱚᱵᱚᱞᱚᱛᱟ]], ᱟᱨ [[ᱡᱚᱜᱽ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ|ᱡᱚᱜᱽ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ]] ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱚᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ ᱮ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱚᱪᱚᱭᱟ᱾ ᱡᱩᱫᱤᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱤᱫᱼᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱞ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱨᱚᱠᱟᱥᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱚᱱᱩᱯᱟᱛ ᱥᱮ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱨᱚᱠᱟᱥᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ 8s7qwdd2blriag0vm8yt0gt51nsqbdr 194332 194331 2026-07-12T17:00:13Z ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱗ 1744 /* ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ */ 194332 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱯᱨᱮᱠᱷᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ}} {{For|ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱰᱟᱴᱟᱵᱮᱥ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ|ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱰᱟᱴᱟᱵᱮᱥ}} {{pp-vandalism|small=yes}} [[File:World Health Organisation building from south.jpg|thumb| [[ᱡᱮᱱᱮᱵᱷᱟ]], [[ᱥᱩᱭᱡᱟᱨᱞᱮᱱᱰ]] ᱨᱮ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ]]]] '''ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ''' ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱠᱟᱱᱟ;<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Brown TM, Cueto M, Fee E | title = The World Health Organization and the transition of "international" to "global" public health | journal = American Journal of Public Health | volume = 96 | issue = 1 | pages = 62–72 | date = January 2006 | pmid = 16322464 | pmc = 1470434 | doi = 10.2105/AJPH.2004.050831 }}</ref> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ "ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ, [[ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ]], ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱛ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ"᱾<ref name="Koplan">{{cite journal | vauthors = Koplan JP, Bond TC, Merson MH, Reddy KS, Rodriguez MH, Sewankambo NK, Wasserheit JN | title = Towards a common definition of global health | journal = Lancet | volume = 373 | issue = 9679 | pages = 1993–5 | date = June 2009 | pmid = 19493564 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60332-9 | pmc = 9905260 | bibcode = 2009Lanc..373.1993K | s2cid = 6919716 | citeseerx = 10.1.1.610.7968 }}</ref> ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱤᱡᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱮᱢᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱡᱳᱨ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite book | last = Global Health Initiative | title = Why Global Health Matters | publisher = FamiliesUSA | year = 2008 | location = Washington, DC | url = http://www.familiesusa.org/issues/global-health/matters/ | access-date = 2008-06-10 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110308223639/http://www.familiesusa.org/issues/global-health/matters/ | archive-date = 2011-03-08 }}</ref> ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ, ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ([[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ|ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ]]), [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱮᱫ|ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱮᱫ]] ᱠᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱱ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ,<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Macfarlane SB, Jacobs M, Kaaya EE | title = In the name of global health: trends in academic institutions | journal = Journal of Public Health Policy | volume = 29 | issue = 4 | pages = 383–401 | date = December 2008 | pmid = 19079297 | doi = 10.1057/jphp.2008.25 | s2cid = 46424271 }}</ref><ref name="pmid32381654">{{cite journal | vauthors = Fischer SE, Patil P, Zielinski C, Baxter L, Bonilla-Escobar FJ, Hussain S, Lai C, Walpole SC, Ohanyido F, Flood D, Singh A, Al-Shorbaji N | display-authors = 6 | title = Is it about the 'where' or the 'how'? Comment on ''Defining global health as public health somewhere else'' | journal = BMJ Global Health | volume = 5 | issue = 5 | date = May 2020 | article-number = e002567 | pmid = 32381654 | pmc = 7223010 | doi = 10.1136/bmjgh-2020-002567 }}</ref> ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱱᱚᱡᱚᱨ ᱛᱮ [[ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱤᱥᱴᱤ|ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱥᱴᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ]] ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱜᱩᱞᱢᱟᱹᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱫᱤᱥᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱰᱟᱹᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ|ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ|ᱥᱤᱞᱯᱚ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ]] ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ [[ᱜᱚᱲᱚ|ᱵᱤᱫᱮᱥ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ]] ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite book |vauthors=White F, Nanan DJ |chapter=International and Global Health | veditors = Wallace RB |title= Maxcy-Rosenau-Last Public Health and Preventive Medicine |publisher=McGraw Hill |year=2008 |isbn=978-0-07-144198-8 |pages=1252–8 |edition=15th}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|title=Comparing Approaches to Research in Global and International Health: An Exploratory Study|journal=Annals of Global Health|date=2020-04-29|issn=2214-9996|pmc=7193757|pmid=32377512|pages=47|volume=86|issue=1|doi=10.5334/aogh.2799|first1=Kristy C. Y.|last1=Yiu|first2=Eva Merethe|last2=Solum|first3=Deborah D.|last3=DiLiberto|first4=Steffen|last4=Torp |doi-access=free }}</ref> ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ [[ᱟᱡᱟᱨ]] ᱠᱚ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜᱟᱜ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱨᱮ [[ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱟᱥᱟ]] ᱠᱚᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ᱾ ᱟᱸᱫᱟᱡᱽ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ, ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱟᱥᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱓᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ (ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ [[ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ]] ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ)᱾<ref>{{Cite journal| vauthors = [[Max Roser|Roser M]], Ortiz-Ospina E, [[Hannah Ritchie|Ritchie H]] |date=2013-05-23|title=Life Expectancy|url=https://ourworldindata.org/life-expectancy|journal=Our World in Data}}</ref> ᱮᱴᱟᱜ<!--related and similar--> ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱥᱟᱢᱚᱜᱽᱨᱤᱠ ᱫᱤᱥᱴᱤᱵᱷᱚᱝᱜᱤ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱤᱥᱴᱤ|ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ]] ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ]] ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Conrad PA, Meek LA, Dumit J | title = Operationalizing a One Health approach to global health challenges | journal = Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases | volume = 36 | issue = 3 | pages = 211–6 | date = May 2013 | pmid = 23711930 | doi = 10.1016/j.cimid.2013.03.006 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Hernando-Amado S, Coque TM, Baquero F, Martínez JL | title = Defining and combating antibiotic resistance from One Health and Global Health perspectives | journal = Nature Microbiology | volume = 4 | issue = 9 | pages = 1432–42 | date = September 2019 | pmid = 31439928 | doi = 10.1038/s41564-019-0503-9 | s2cid = 201283254 | url = https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/srhreports/health/health/43 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Sinclair JR | title = Importance of a One Health approach in advancing global health security and the Sustainable Development Goals | journal = Revue Scientifique et Technique | volume = 38 | issue = 1 | pages = 145–154 | date = May 2019 | pmid = 31564744 | doi = 10.20506/rst.38.1.2949 | s2cid = 203608381 }}</ref> ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ (ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ) ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱯᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ]] (WHO)᱾ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ [[ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱥᱮᱯᱷ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱯᱨᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ]] (WFP)᱾ [[ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ]] ᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ ᱩᱯᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ|ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ-ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱩᱯᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ]] ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ [[ᱢᱤᱞᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱡᱚᱥ]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/ |title=Millennium Development Goals |publisher=United Nations |access-date=2013-03-15}}</ref> ᱟᱨ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜᱟᱜ [[ᱴᱮᱠᱥᱚᱭ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱠᱚ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱷᱳᱥᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱮᱱᱮᱢᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱨᱤ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱠᱚ, ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ WHO, ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣᱮᱫᱟᱭ᱾ == ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ == [[File:Open Global Health at OpenCon 2015.jpg|thumb|ᱳᱯᱮᱱᱠᱚᱱ ᱒᱐᱑᱕ ᱨᱮ ᱳᱯᱮᱱ ᱜᱞᱳᱵᱟᱞ ᱦᱮᱞᱛᱷ]] ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱴᱤᱵᱷᱚᱝᱜᱤ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱯᱨᱮᱠᱷᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱯᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ * [[ᱨᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ]] ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱯᱮᱛᱷᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ]] ᱮ ᱵᱚᱨᱱᱚᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ [[ᱴᱮᱠᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ|ᱴᱮᱠᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ]], [[ᱨᱳᱜᱽ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹᱣ]], ᱟᱨ [[ᱛᱤᱠᱤᱪᱷᱟ]] ᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Weatherall DJ, Clegg JB | title = Inherited haemoglobin disorders: an increasing global health problem | journal = Bulletin of the World Health Organization | volume = 79 | issue = 8 | pages = 704–712 | year = 2001 | pmid = 11545326 | pmc = 2566499 }}</ref> * [[ᱫᱤᱥᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱳᱨ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Fried LP, Bentley ME, Buekens P, Burke DS, Frenk JJ, Klag MJ, Spencer HC | title = Global health is public health | journal = Lancet | volume = 375 | issue = 9714 | pages = 535–7 | date = February 2010 | pmid = 20159277 | doi = 10.1016/s0140-6736(10)60203-6 | s2cid = 38796542 }}</ref> * [[ᱮᱯᱤᱰᱮᱢᱤᱭᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ]] ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ ᱩᱯᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Ahern M, Kovats RS, Wilkinson P, Few R, Matthies F | title = Global health impacts of floods: epidemiologic evidence | journal = Epidemiologic Reviews | volume = 27 | issue = 1 | pages = 36–46 | year = 2005 | pmid = 15958425 | doi = 10.1093/epirev/mxi004 | doi-access = free }}</ref> * [[ᱰᱮᱢᱚᱜᱨᱟᱯᱷᱤ]] ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱰᱟᱴᱟ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite book | vauthors = Verano JW, Ubelake DH |title=Disease and demography in the Americas |date=1992 |publisher=Smithsonian Institution Press |location=Washington |isbn=978-1-56098-163-3}}</ref> * [[ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ]] ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱯᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱚᱪ-ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱚᱪ-ᱞᱟᱵᱷ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱳᱨ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite report | vauthors = Bloom DE, Cafiero E, Jané-Llopis E, Abrahams-Gessel S, Bloom LR, Fathima S, Feigl AB, Gaziano T, Hamandi A, Mowafi M, O'Farrell D | display-authors = 6 | title = The global economic burden of noncommunicable diseases. | work = Program on the Global Demography of Aging | date = January 2012 | url = https://ideas.repec.org/p/gdm/wpaper/8712.html }}</ref> * ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ]], [[ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ]], [[ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ]], [[ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ]], [[ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ]], ᱟᱨ [[ᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱨᱤ]] ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱯᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱮᱢ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱜᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ [[ᱱᱤᱛᱤᱥᱟᱥᱛᱨᱚ|ᱱᱤᱛᱤᱜᱚᱛ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱟᱹᱭᱫᱟᱹᱨᱤ]] ᱠᱚ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱠᱩᱠᱞᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝᱼᱟ᱾ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱᱚᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱝ-ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱩᱠᱛᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱠᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟᱱ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱤᱛᱷᱤᱠᱥ/ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱼᱤᱛᱷᱤᱠᱥ ᱠᱟᱣᱩᱱᱥᱤᱞ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱨ-ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱞᱳᱵᱟᱞ ᱥᱟᱢᱤᱴ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.globalsummit-berlin2016.de/ | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190404102034/https://www.globalsummit-berlin2016.de/ | archive-date = 4 April 2019 | title = Global Summits of National Ethics/Bioethics Councils | location = Berlin | date = 2016 }}</ref> == ᱢᱟᱯ ᱠᱚ == ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ [[ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ|ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ]] (ᱰᱤ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ), [[ᱜᱩᱱ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ|ᱜᱩᱱ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ]] (ᱠᱤᱣ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ.ᱮᱥ), ᱟᱨ [[ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱦᱟᱨ|ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱦᱟᱨ]] ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref name="etches2006">{{cite journal | vauthors = Etches V, Frank J, Di Ruggiero E, Manuel D | title = Measuring population health: a review of indicators | journal = Annual Review of Public Health | volume = 27 | pages = 29–55 | year = 2006 | pmid = 16533108 | doi = 10.1146/annurev.publhealth.27.021405.102141 | doi-access = free }}</ref> === ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ === [[Image:All causes DALYs per 100,000 people gradient world map (2021).svg|thumb|᱒᱐᱒᱑ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱑᱐᱐,᱐᱐᱐ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱯᱤᱪᱷᱤ ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ:<div style="text-align: left"> {{legend|#e0e0e0|ᱰᱟᱴᱟ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜᱼᱟ}} {{legend|#ffffcc|᱒۳,᱕᱐᱐ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ}} {{legend|#ffeda0|᱒᱓,᱕᱐᱐-᱓᱑,᱐᱐᱐}} {{legend|#fed976|᱓᱑,᱐᱐᱐-᱓᱘,᱕᱐᱐}} {{legend|#feb24c|᱓᱘,᱕᱐᱐-᱔᱖,᱐᱐᱐}} {{legend|#fd8d3c|᱔᱖,᱐᱐᱐-᱕᱓,᱕᱐᱐}} {{legend|#fc4e2a|᱕᱓,᱕᱐᱐-᱖᱑,᱐᱐᱐}} {{legend|#e31a1c|᱖᱑,᱐᱐᱐-᱖᱘,᱕᱐᱐}} {{legend|#bd0026|᱖᱘,᱕᱐᱐-᱗᱖,᱐᱐᱐}} {{legend|#800026|᱗᱖,᱐᱐᱐ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ}} </div>]] {{Main|ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ}} ᱰᱤ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱨᱟᱝᱥ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱠᱷᱟᱸᱰᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱱᱚᱥᱴᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ [[ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ|ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ]], [[ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ|ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ]], ᱟᱨ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱰᱤ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱥᱴᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ "ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ" ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱰᱤ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱱᱚᱥᱴᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱚᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱱᱚᱥᱴᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱜᱽ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ === ᱜᱩᱱ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ === {{Main|ᱜᱩᱱ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ}} ᱠᱤᱣ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ.ᱮᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱥᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱥᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ [[ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱱ (ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ)|ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱱ]] ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱟ: ᱡᱩᱫᱤ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱱᱚᱝ ᱢᱤᱫ (ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ) ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ, ᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱱᱚᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ (ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ) ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾ QALY ᱦᱤᱥᱟᱹᱵᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱜᱚᱱᱚᱝ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱮᱦᱟᱸᱰ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱥᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚᱦᱚᱭᱟ᱾ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ: ᱚᱱᱠᱟᱱ ᱴᱮᱠᱱᱤᱠ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱚᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱯᱚᱥᱚᱱᱫᱽ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱡᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱠᱚᱞ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟ, ᱥᱟᱨᱵᱷᱮ ᱥᱮ ᱵᱤᱥᱞᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱚᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱤᱪᱷᱟᱹ ᱟᱱᱢᱟᱱᱟ, ᱥᱮ ᱚᱱᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱚᱱᱛᱨᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱤᱠᱤᱪᱷᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱥᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱟᱥᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱮᱦᱟᱸᱰ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref name="etches2006" /> === ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ === {{Main|ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ|ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ}} ᱕ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱰᱤ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ.ᱮᱥ ᱥᱮ ᱠᱤᱣ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ.ᱮᱥ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱥᱩᱱᱤᱨᱫᱤᱥᱴᱚ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ|ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ]] ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱮᱢ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱮᱡ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱥᱚᱠᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Mulholland E, Smith L, Carneiro I, Becher H, Lehmann D | title = Equity and child-survival strategies | journal = Bulletin of the World Health Organization | volume = 86 | issue = 5 | pages = 399–407 | date = May 2008 | pmid = 18545743 | pmc = 2647438 | doi = 10.2471/BLT.07.044545 }}</ref> === ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱨ === {{Main|ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱨ}} ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱨᱮ [[ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱨ|ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱨ]], [[ᱯᱨᱚᱵᱚᱞᱚᱛᱟ|ᱯᱨᱚᱵᱚᱞᱚᱛᱟ]], ᱟᱨ [[ᱡᱚᱜᱽ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ|ᱡᱚᱜᱽ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ]] ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱚᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ ᱮ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱚᱪᱚᱭᱟ᱾ ᱡᱩᱫᱤᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱤᱫᱼᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱞ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱨᱚᱠᱟᱥᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱚᱱᱩᱯᱟᱛ ᱥᱮ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱨᱚᱠᱟᱥᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ 3isbyb72pig30fnlfpoizpgpxkl3gul 194333 194332 2026-07-12T17:10:40Z ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱗ 1744 /* ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱨ */ 194333 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱯᱨᱮᱠᱷᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ}} {{For|ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱰᱟᱴᱟᱵᱮᱥ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ|ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱰᱟᱴᱟᱵᱮᱥ}} {{pp-vandalism|small=yes}} [[File:World Health Organisation building from south.jpg|thumb| [[ᱡᱮᱱᱮᱵᱷᱟ]], [[ᱥᱩᱭᱡᱟᱨᱞᱮᱱᱰ]] ᱨᱮ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ]]]] '''ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ''' ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱠᱟᱱᱟ;<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Brown TM, Cueto M, Fee E | title = The World Health Organization and the transition of "international" to "global" public health | journal = American Journal of Public Health | volume = 96 | issue = 1 | pages = 62–72 | date = January 2006 | pmid = 16322464 | pmc = 1470434 | doi = 10.2105/AJPH.2004.050831 }}</ref> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ "ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ, [[ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ]], ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱛ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ"᱾<ref name="Koplan">{{cite journal | vauthors = Koplan JP, Bond TC, Merson MH, Reddy KS, Rodriguez MH, Sewankambo NK, Wasserheit JN | title = Towards a common definition of global health | journal = Lancet | volume = 373 | issue = 9679 | pages = 1993–5 | date = June 2009 | pmid = 19493564 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60332-9 | pmc = 9905260 | bibcode = 2009Lanc..373.1993K | s2cid = 6919716 | citeseerx = 10.1.1.610.7968 }}</ref> ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱤᱡᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱮᱢᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱡᱳᱨ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite book | last = Global Health Initiative | title = Why Global Health Matters | publisher = FamiliesUSA | year = 2008 | location = Washington, DC | url = http://www.familiesusa.org/issues/global-health/matters/ | access-date = 2008-06-10 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110308223639/http://www.familiesusa.org/issues/global-health/matters/ | archive-date = 2011-03-08 }}</ref> ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ, ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ([[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ|ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ]]), [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱮᱫ|ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱮᱫ]] ᱠᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱱ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ,<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Macfarlane SB, Jacobs M, Kaaya EE | title = In the name of global health: trends in academic institutions | journal = Journal of Public Health Policy | volume = 29 | issue = 4 | pages = 383–401 | date = December 2008 | pmid = 19079297 | doi = 10.1057/jphp.2008.25 | s2cid = 46424271 }}</ref><ref name="pmid32381654">{{cite journal | vauthors = Fischer SE, Patil P, Zielinski C, Baxter L, Bonilla-Escobar FJ, Hussain S, Lai C, Walpole SC, Ohanyido F, Flood D, Singh A, Al-Shorbaji N | display-authors = 6 | title = Is it about the 'where' or the 'how'? Comment on ''Defining global health as public health somewhere else'' | journal = BMJ Global Health | volume = 5 | issue = 5 | date = May 2020 | article-number = e002567 | pmid = 32381654 | pmc = 7223010 | doi = 10.1136/bmjgh-2020-002567 }}</ref> ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱱᱚᱡᱚᱨ ᱛᱮ [[ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱤᱥᱴᱤ|ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱥᱴᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ]] ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱜᱩᱞᱢᱟᱹᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱫᱤᱥᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱰᱟᱹᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ|ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ|ᱥᱤᱞᱯᱚ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ]] ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ [[ᱜᱚᱲᱚ|ᱵᱤᱫᱮᱥ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ]] ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite book |vauthors=White F, Nanan DJ |chapter=International and Global Health | veditors = Wallace RB |title= Maxcy-Rosenau-Last Public Health and Preventive Medicine |publisher=McGraw Hill |year=2008 |isbn=978-0-07-144198-8 |pages=1252–8 |edition=15th}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|title=Comparing Approaches to Research in Global and International Health: An Exploratory Study|journal=Annals of Global Health|date=2020-04-29|issn=2214-9996|pmc=7193757|pmid=32377512|pages=47|volume=86|issue=1|doi=10.5334/aogh.2799|first1=Kristy C. Y.|last1=Yiu|first2=Eva Merethe|last2=Solum|first3=Deborah D.|last3=DiLiberto|first4=Steffen|last4=Torp |doi-access=free }}</ref> ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ [[ᱟᱡᱟᱨ]] ᱠᱚ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜᱟᱜ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱨᱮ [[ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱟᱥᱟ]] ᱠᱚᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ᱾ ᱟᱸᱫᱟᱡᱽ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ, ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱟᱥᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱓᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ (ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ [[ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ]] ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ)᱾<ref>{{Cite journal| vauthors = [[Max Roser|Roser M]], Ortiz-Ospina E, [[Hannah Ritchie|Ritchie H]] |date=2013-05-23|title=Life Expectancy|url=https://ourworldindata.org/life-expectancy|journal=Our World in Data}}</ref> ᱮᱴᱟᱜ<!--related and similar--> ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱥᱟᱢᱚᱜᱽᱨᱤᱠ ᱫᱤᱥᱴᱤᱵᱷᱚᱝᱜᱤ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱤᱥᱴᱤ|ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ]] ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ]] ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Conrad PA, Meek LA, Dumit J | title = Operationalizing a One Health approach to global health challenges | journal = Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases | volume = 36 | issue = 3 | pages = 211–6 | date = May 2013 | pmid = 23711930 | doi = 10.1016/j.cimid.2013.03.006 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Hernando-Amado S, Coque TM, Baquero F, Martínez JL | title = Defining and combating antibiotic resistance from One Health and Global Health perspectives | journal = Nature Microbiology | volume = 4 | issue = 9 | pages = 1432–42 | date = September 2019 | pmid = 31439928 | doi = 10.1038/s41564-019-0503-9 | s2cid = 201283254 | url = https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/srhreports/health/health/43 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Sinclair JR | title = Importance of a One Health approach in advancing global health security and the Sustainable Development Goals | journal = Revue Scientifique et Technique | volume = 38 | issue = 1 | pages = 145–154 | date = May 2019 | pmid = 31564744 | doi = 10.20506/rst.38.1.2949 | s2cid = 203608381 }}</ref> ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ (ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ) ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱯᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ]] (WHO)᱾ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ [[ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱥᱮᱯᱷ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱯᱨᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ]] (WFP)᱾ [[ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ]] ᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ ᱩᱯᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ|ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ-ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱩᱯᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ]] ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ [[ᱢᱤᱞᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱡᱚᱥ]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/ |title=Millennium Development Goals |publisher=United Nations |access-date=2013-03-15}}</ref> ᱟᱨ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜᱟᱜ [[ᱴᱮᱠᱥᱚᱭ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱠᱚ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱷᱳᱥᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱮᱱᱮᱢᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱨᱤ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱠᱚ, ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ WHO, ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣᱮᱫᱟᱭ᱾ == ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ == [[File:Open Global Health at OpenCon 2015.jpg|thumb|ᱳᱯᱮᱱᱠᱚᱱ ᱒᱐᱑᱕ ᱨᱮ ᱳᱯᱮᱱ ᱜᱞᱳᱵᱟᱞ ᱦᱮᱞᱛᱷ]] ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱴᱤᱵᱷᱚᱝᱜᱤ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱯᱨᱮᱠᱷᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱯᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ * [[ᱨᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ]] ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱯᱮᱛᱷᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ]] ᱮ ᱵᱚᱨᱱᱚᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ [[ᱴᱮᱠᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ|ᱴᱮᱠᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ]], [[ᱨᱳᱜᱽ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹᱣ]], ᱟᱨ [[ᱛᱤᱠᱤᱪᱷᱟ]] ᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Weatherall DJ, Clegg JB | title = Inherited haemoglobin disorders: an increasing global health problem | journal = Bulletin of the World Health Organization | volume = 79 | issue = 8 | pages = 704–712 | year = 2001 | pmid = 11545326 | pmc = 2566499 }}</ref> * [[ᱫᱤᱥᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱳᱨ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Fried LP, Bentley ME, Buekens P, Burke DS, Frenk JJ, Klag MJ, Spencer HC | title = Global health is public health | journal = Lancet | volume = 375 | issue = 9714 | pages = 535–7 | date = February 2010 | pmid = 20159277 | doi = 10.1016/s0140-6736(10)60203-6 | s2cid = 38796542 }}</ref> * [[ᱮᱯᱤᱰᱮᱢᱤᱭᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ]] ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ ᱩᱯᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Ahern M, Kovats RS, Wilkinson P, Few R, Matthies F | title = Global health impacts of floods: epidemiologic evidence | journal = Epidemiologic Reviews | volume = 27 | issue = 1 | pages = 36–46 | year = 2005 | pmid = 15958425 | doi = 10.1093/epirev/mxi004 | doi-access = free }}</ref> * [[ᱰᱮᱢᱚᱜᱨᱟᱯᱷᱤ]] ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱰᱟᱴᱟ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite book | vauthors = Verano JW, Ubelake DH |title=Disease and demography in the Americas |date=1992 |publisher=Smithsonian Institution Press |location=Washington |isbn=978-1-56098-163-3}}</ref> * [[ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ]] ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱯᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱚᱪ-ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱚᱪ-ᱞᱟᱵᱷ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱳᱨ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite report | vauthors = Bloom DE, Cafiero E, Jané-Llopis E, Abrahams-Gessel S, Bloom LR, Fathima S, Feigl AB, Gaziano T, Hamandi A, Mowafi M, O'Farrell D | display-authors = 6 | title = The global economic burden of noncommunicable diseases. | work = Program on the Global Demography of Aging | date = January 2012 | url = https://ideas.repec.org/p/gdm/wpaper/8712.html }}</ref> * ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ]], [[ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ]], [[ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ]], [[ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ]], [[ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ]], ᱟᱨ [[ᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱨᱤ]] ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱯᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱮᱢ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱜᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ [[ᱱᱤᱛᱤᱥᱟᱥᱛᱨᱚ|ᱱᱤᱛᱤᱜᱚᱛ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱟᱹᱭᱫᱟᱹᱨᱤ]] ᱠᱚ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱠᱩᱠᱞᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝᱼᱟ᱾ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱᱚᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱝ-ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱩᱠᱛᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱠᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟᱱ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱤᱛᱷᱤᱠᱥ/ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱼᱤᱛᱷᱤᱠᱥ ᱠᱟᱣᱩᱱᱥᱤᱞ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱨ-ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱞᱳᱵᱟᱞ ᱥᱟᱢᱤᱴ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.globalsummit-berlin2016.de/ | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190404102034/https://www.globalsummit-berlin2016.de/ | archive-date = 4 April 2019 | title = Global Summits of National Ethics/Bioethics Councils | location = Berlin | date = 2016 }}</ref> == ᱢᱟᱯ ᱠᱚ == ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ [[ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ|ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ]] (ᱰᱤ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ), [[ᱜᱩᱱ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ|ᱜᱩᱱ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ]] (ᱠᱤᱣ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ.ᱮᱥ), ᱟᱨ [[ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱦᱟᱨ|ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱦᱟᱨ]] ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref name="etches2006">{{cite journal | vauthors = Etches V, Frank J, Di Ruggiero E, Manuel D | title = Measuring population health: a review of indicators | journal = Annual Review of Public Health | volume = 27 | pages = 29–55 | year = 2006 | pmid = 16533108 | doi = 10.1146/annurev.publhealth.27.021405.102141 | doi-access = free }}</ref> === ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ === [[Image:All causes DALYs per 100,000 people gradient world map (2021).svg|thumb|᱒᱐᱒᱑ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱑᱐᱐,᱐᱐᱐ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱯᱤᱪᱷᱤ ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ:<div style="text-align: left"> {{legend|#e0e0e0|ᱰᱟᱴᱟ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜᱼᱟ}} {{legend|#ffffcc|᱒۳,᱕᱐᱐ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ}} {{legend|#ffeda0|᱒᱓,᱕᱐᱐-᱓᱑,᱐᱐᱐}} {{legend|#fed976|᱓᱑,᱐᱐᱐-᱓᱘,᱕᱐᱐}} {{legend|#feb24c|᱓᱘,᱕᱐᱐-᱔᱖,᱐᱐᱐}} {{legend|#fd8d3c|᱔᱖,᱐᱐᱐-᱕᱓,᱕᱐᱐}} {{legend|#fc4e2a|᱕᱓,᱕᱐᱐-᱖᱑,᱐᱐᱐}} {{legend|#e31a1c|᱖᱑,᱐᱐᱐-᱖᱘,᱕᱐᱐}} {{legend|#bd0026|᱖᱘,᱕᱐᱐-᱗᱖,᱐᱐᱐}} {{legend|#800026|᱗᱖,᱐᱐᱐ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ}} </div>]] {{Main|ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ}} ᱰᱤ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱨᱟᱝᱥ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱠᱷᱟᱸᱰᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱱᱚᱥᱴᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ [[ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ|ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ]], [[ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ|ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ]], ᱟᱨ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱰᱤ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱥᱴᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ "ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ" ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱰᱤ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱱᱚᱥᱴᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱚᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱱᱚᱥᱴᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱜᱽ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ === ᱜᱩᱱ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ === {{Main|ᱜᱩᱱ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ}} ᱠᱤᱣ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ.ᱮᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱥᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱥᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ [[ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱱ (ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ)|ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱱ]] ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱟ: ᱡᱩᱫᱤ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱱᱚᱝ ᱢᱤᱫ (ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ) ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ, ᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱱᱚᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ (ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ) ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾ QALY ᱦᱤᱥᱟᱹᱵᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱜᱚᱱᱚᱝ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱮᱦᱟᱸᱰ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱥᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚᱦᱚᱭᱟ᱾ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ: ᱚᱱᱠᱟᱱ ᱴᱮᱠᱱᱤᱠ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱚᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱯᱚᱥᱚᱱᱫᱽ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱡᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱠᱚᱞ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟ, ᱥᱟᱨᱵᱷᱮ ᱥᱮ ᱵᱤᱥᱞᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱚᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱤᱪᱷᱟᱹ ᱟᱱᱢᱟᱱᱟ, ᱥᱮ ᱚᱱᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱚᱱᱛᱨᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱤᱠᱤᱪᱷᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱥᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱟᱥᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱮᱦᱟᱸᱰ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref name="etches2006" /> === ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ === {{Main|ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ|ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ}} ᱕ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱰᱤ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ.ᱮᱥ ᱥᱮ ᱠᱤᱣ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ.ᱮᱥ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱥᱩᱱᱤᱨᱫᱤᱥᱴᱚ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ|ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ]] ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱮᱢ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱮᱡ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱥᱚᱠᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Mulholland E, Smith L, Carneiro I, Becher H, Lehmann D | title = Equity and child-survival strategies | journal = Bulletin of the World Health Organization | volume = 86 | issue = 5 | pages = 399–407 | date = May 2008 | pmid = 18545743 | pmc = 2647438 | doi = 10.2471/BLT.07.044545 }}</ref> === ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱨ === {{Main|ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱨ}} ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱨᱮ [[ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱨ|ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱨ]], [[ᱯᱨᱚᱵᱚᱞᱚᱛᱟ|ᱯᱨᱚᱵᱚᱞᱚᱛᱟ]], ᱟᱨ [[ᱡᱚᱜᱽ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ|ᱡᱚᱜᱽ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ]] ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱚᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ ᱮ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱚᱪᱚᱭᱟ᱾ ᱡᱩᱫᱤᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱤᱫᱼᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱞ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱨᱚᱠᱟᱥᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱚᱱᱩᱯᱟᱛ ᱥᱮ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱨᱚᱠᱟᱥᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ == ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ == {{see also|ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱜᱟᱨ}} [[File:Life expectancy by world region since 1770, OWID.svg|thumb|᱑᱗᱗᱐ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱒᱐᱑᱘ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ, ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱟᱥᱟ]] ᱑᱙᱔᱕ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ [[ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ]] ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ [[ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱮᱸᱠ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ]] ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱥᱚᱯᱚᱦᱚᱫ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱑᱙᱔᱘ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ, ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱫ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ]] ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱑᱙᱔᱗ ᱟᱨ ᱑᱙᱔᱘ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱨ (ᱤᱡᱤᱯᱴ) ᱨᱮ ᱒᱐,᱐᱐᱐ ᱦᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱨᱟ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮ ᱩᱫᱽᱜᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web|title=History of WHO|author=World Health Organization|url=https://www.who.int/library/historical/access/who/index.en.shtml|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061207150944/http://www.who.int/library/historical/access/who/index.en.shtml|archive-date=2006-12-07}}</ref> ᱰᱟᱵᱽᱞᱩ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ.ᱳ (WHO) ᱟᱡᱟᱜ [[WHO ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱨᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱰᱮᱞ ᱞᱤᱥᱴᱤ|ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱨᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱰᱮᱞ ᱞᱤᱥᱴᱤ]] ᱮ ᱪᱷᱟᱯᱟ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱑᱙۷᱘ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ [[ᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱟᱴᱟ ᱜᱷᱳᱥᱱᱟ]] ᱫᱚ [[ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱛ ᱮ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite report|title=Primary Health Care: Report of the International Conference on Primary Health Care|location=Geneva|publisher=World Health Organization|year=1978|url=http://www.unicef.org/about/history/files/Alma_Ata_conference_1978_report.pdf|access-date=2014-05-06|archive-date=2017-08-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170829195121/https://www.unicef.org/about/history/files/Alma_Ata_conference_1978_report.pdf}}</ref> ᱒᱐᱐᱐ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱢᱤᱴ ᱨᱮ, ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱫ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱤᱨᱟᱹᱞ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ [[ᱢᱤᱞᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱡᱚᱥ]] (MDGs) ᱠᱚ ᱜᱷᱳᱥᱱᱟ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ,<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Kumar S, Kumar N, Vivekadhish S | title = Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): Addressing Unfinished Agenda and Strengthening Sustainable Development and Partnership | journal = Indian Journal of Community Medicine | volume = 41 | issue = 1 | pages = 1–4 | date = January–March 2016 | pmid = 26917865 | pmc = 4746946 | doi = 10.4103/0970-0218.170955 | doi-access = free }}</ref> ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱑᱕ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web|title=Resolution adopted by the General Assembly, 55/2|date=18 September 2000|publisher=United Nations|url=https://www.un.org/millennium/declaration/ares552e.pdf}}</ref> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱜᱷᱳᱥᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱟᱱ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱤᱡ ᱟᱨ ᱧᱟᱢᱤᱡ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱚᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱤᱱᱤᱭᱳᱜᱽ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱮᱢ.ᱰᱤ.ᱡᱤ (MDG) ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱴᱷᱟᱢᱳ ᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱞᱟᱦᱟᱱᱛᱤ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref name=":0">{{Cite web | url = https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/post2015/transformingourworld | title = Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development .:. Sustainable Development Knowledge Platform | website = sustainabledevelopment.un.org | access-date = 2016-02-26 }}</ref> ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ, ᱞᱟᱦᱟᱱᱛᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ-ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ [[ᱮᱸᱜᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ|ᱮᱸᱜᱟᱛ]], ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ [[ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱮᱢ.ᱰᱤ.ᱡᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾<ref name=":0" /> ᱮᱢ.ᱰᱤ.ᱡᱤ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱮᱦᱟᱸᱰ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱒᱐᱑᱖-᱒᱐᱓᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱑᱗ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ [[ᱴᱮᱠᱥᱚᱭ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱠᱚ]] (SDGs) ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱴᱮᱠᱥᱚᱭ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱰᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref name=":0" /> ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ [[ᱴᱮᱠᱥᱚᱭ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱑|ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱪᱟᱵᱟᱭ]] ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱤᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ᱾<ref name=":1">{{Cite web | url = http://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/sdgoverview/ | title = Sustainable Development Goals | website = UNDP | access-date = 2016-02-26 | archive-date = 2016-03-04 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160304031536/http://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/sdgoverview/ }}</ref> ᱒᱕ ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱑᱕ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ, ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱑᱙᱓ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱒᱐᱓᱐ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱰᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱯᱱᱟᱨ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ''ᱟᱵᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ: ᱴᱮᱠᱥᱚᱭ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱒᱐᱓᱐ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱰᱟ''᱾<ref name=":1" /> ᱒᱐᱐᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱫᱚᱥᱚᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱒᱐᱐᱐ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱤᱠᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ [[ᱜᱟᱵᱷᱤ]], ᱒᱐᱐᱒ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ [[ᱮᱰᱥ, ᱴᱤᱵᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱞᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱥᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱯᱷᱟᱱᱰ]], ᱒᱐᱐᱓ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ [[ᱮᱰᱥ ᱨᱮᱞᱤᱯᱷ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱜᱚᱢᱠᱮ ᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱢᱟᱨᱡᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱯᱞᱮᱱ]], ᱟᱨ ᱒᱐᱐᱕ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ [[ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱜᱚᱢᱠᱮ ᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱞᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ]] ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚᱥᱚᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱨ [[ᱢᱚᱱᱴᱮᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱱᱥᱮᱱᱥᱟᱥ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ (ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱹᱵᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱡᱳᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱯᱟᱸᱡᱟ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ),<ref>{{cite news | vauthors = Price N |title=Countries gather to fight poverty |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/647423631/ |access-date=21 November 2022 |work=The Sacramento Bee |date=March 23, 2002 |page=A13 }}</ref> ᱥᱩᱢᱩᱝ ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱚᱪ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱢᱟᱱ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱡᱳᱨ ᱮᱢ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web | vauthors = Mark Dybul M | work = The Catalyst | publisher = George W. Bush Institute | url = https://www.bushcenter.org/catalyst/africa/dybul-advance-of-global-health.html | title = How HIV, SARS, and Ebola Put Global Health on the Agenda | date = Summer 2017 }}</ref> ᱒᱐᱑᱕ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ''[[ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ]]'' ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱪᱷᱟᱯᱟ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱮᱦᱮᱧᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱑᱐᱐ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Hoffman SJ | title = Ending medical complicity in state-sponsored torture | journal = Lancet | volume = 378 | issue = 9802 | pages = 1535–7 | date = October 2011 | pmid = 21944647 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(11)60816-7 | ssrn = 2725729 | s2cid = 45829194 }}</ref> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ [[ᱵᱤᱞ ᱠᱞᱤᱱᱴᱚᱱ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ [[ᱯᱤᱴᱟᱨ ᱯᱤᱭᱳᱴ]] ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ, ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱠᱤᱞᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱠᱚ ᱚᱞ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ, ᱟᱨ [[ᱴᱤᱠᱟᱹ]] ᱠᱚ, [[ᱮᱱᱴᱤᱢᱟᱭᱠᱨᱳᱵᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱴᱮᱠᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ]], [[ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱦᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ|ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ]], [[ᱫᱷᱩᱸᱜᱟᱹ ᱧᱩ|ᱛᱷᱟᱢᱟᱠᱩᱨ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ]], ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ, [[ᱦᱚᱭᱦᱤᱥᱤᱫ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ]], ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ, ᱨᱟᱱ ᱧᱟᱢ, ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱚᱵᱷᱟᱨᱮᱡᱽ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱛᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱥᱟᱢᱨᱟᱡᱽᱭᱚᱵᱟᱫᱤ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱰᱤᱠᱚᱞᱳᱱᱟᱭᱡᱮᱥᱚᱱ (decolonisation) ᱥᱮ ᱩᱯᱚᱱᱤᱵᱮᱥᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱟᱹᱵᱤ ᱨᱟᱠᱟᱵ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=Kwete X, Tang K, Chen L, Ren R, Chen Q, Wu Z, Cai Y, Li H |date=January 2022 |title=Decolonizing global health: what should be the target of this movement and where does it lead us? |journal=Global Health Research and Policy |volume=7 |issue=1 |article-number=3 |doi=10.1186/s41256-022-00237-3 |pmc=8784247 |pmid=35067229 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Rasheed MA |date=December 2021 |title=Navigating the violent process of decolonisation in global health research: a guideline |journal=The Lancet. Global Health |volume=9 |issue=12 |pages=e1640–1 |doi=10.1016/S2214-109X(21)00440-X |pmid=34798014 |s2cid=244286291 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Affun-Adegbulu C, Adegbulu O |date=August 2020 |title=Decolonising Global (Public) Health: from Western universalism to Global pluriversalities |journal=BMJ Global Health |volume=5 |issue=8 |article-number=e002947 |doi=10.1136/bmjgh-2020-002947 |pmc=7443258 |pmid=32819916 |s2cid=221220715}}</ref> ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱤᱠᱳᱥᱤᱥᱴᱮᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱢᱚᱱᱛᱚᱵᱟᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱴᱷᱟᱢᱳ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ-ᱟᱭ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱥᱚᱸᱥᱛᱷᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱢᱨᱟᱡᱽᱭᱚᱵᱟᱫᱤ "ᱢᱩᱠᱩᱴ" ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Keshri VR, Bhaumik S |date=September 2022 |title=The feudal structure of global health and its implications for decolonisation |journal=BMJ Global Health |volume=7 |issue=9 |article-number=e010603 |doi=10.1136/bmjgh-2022-010603 |pmc=9516156 |pmid=36167407 |s2cid=252565623}}</ref> 13ce6uyc1u0i86aldo20b9io2p3ujas 194421 194333 2026-07-13T10:16:20Z ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱗ 1744 194421 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱯᱨᱮᱠᱷᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ}} {{For|ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱰᱟᱴᱟᱵᱮᱥ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ|ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱰᱟᱴᱟᱵᱮᱥ}} {{pp-vandalism|small=yes}} [[File:World Health Organisation building from south.jpg|thumb| [[ᱡᱮᱱᱮᱵᱷᱟ]], [[ᱥᱩᱭᱡᱟᱨᱞᱮᱱᱰ]] ᱨᱮ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ]]]] '''ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ''' ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱠᱟᱱᱟ;<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Brown TM, Cueto M, Fee E | title = The World Health Organization and the transition of "international" to "global" public health | journal = American Journal of Public Health | volume = 96 | issue = 1 | pages = 62–72 | date = January 2006 | pmid = 16322464 | pmc = 1470434 | doi = 10.2105/AJPH.2004.050831 }}</ref> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ "ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ, [[ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ]], ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱛ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ"᱾<ref name="Koplan">{{cite journal | vauthors = Koplan JP, Bond TC, Merson MH, Reddy KS, Rodriguez MH, Sewankambo NK, Wasserheit JN | title = Towards a common definition of global health | journal = Lancet | volume = 373 | issue = 9679 | pages = 1993–5 | date = June 2009 | pmid = 19493564 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60332-9 | pmc = 9905260 | bibcode = 2009Lanc..373.1993K | s2cid = 6919716 | citeseerx = 10.1.1.610.7968 }}</ref> ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱤᱡᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱮᱢᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱡᱳᱨ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite book | last = Global Health Initiative | title = Why Global Health Matters | publisher = FamiliesUSA | year = 2008 | location = Washington, DC | url = http://www.familiesusa.org/issues/global-health/matters/ | access-date = 2008-06-10 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110308223639/http://www.familiesusa.org/issues/global-health/matters/ | archive-date = 2011-03-08 }}</ref> ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ, ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ([[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ|ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ]]), [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱮᱫ|ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱮᱫ]] ᱠᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱱ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ,<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Macfarlane SB, Jacobs M, Kaaya EE | title = In the name of global health: trends in academic institutions | journal = Journal of Public Health Policy | volume = 29 | issue = 4 | pages = 383–401 | date = December 2008 | pmid = 19079297 | doi = 10.1057/jphp.2008.25 | s2cid = 46424271 }}</ref><ref name="pmid32381654">{{cite journal | vauthors = Fischer SE, Patil P, Zielinski C, Baxter L, Bonilla-Escobar FJ, Hussain S, Lai C, Walpole SC, Ohanyido F, Flood D, Singh A, Al-Shorbaji N | display-authors = 6 | title = Is it about the 'where' or the 'how'? Comment on ''Defining global health as public health somewhere else'' | journal = BMJ Global Health | volume = 5 | issue = 5 | date = May 2020 | article-number = e002567 | pmid = 32381654 | pmc = 7223010 | doi = 10.1136/bmjgh-2020-002567 }}</ref> ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱱᱚᱡᱚᱨ ᱛᱮ [[ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱤᱥᱴᱤ|ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱥᱴᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ]] ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱜᱩᱞᱢᱟᱹᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱫᱤᱥᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱰᱟᱹᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ|ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ|ᱥᱤᱞᱯᱚ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ]] ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ [[ᱜᱚᱲᱚ|ᱵᱤᱫᱮᱥ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ]] ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite book |vauthors=White F, Nanan DJ |chapter=International and Global Health | veditors = Wallace RB |title= Maxcy-Rosenau-Last Public Health and Preventive Medicine |publisher=McGraw Hill |year=2008 |isbn=978-0-07-144198-8 |pages=1252–8 |edition=15th}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|title=Comparing Approaches to Research in Global and International Health: An Exploratory Study|journal=Annals of Global Health|date=2020-04-29|issn=2214-9996|pmc=7193757|pmid=32377512|pages=47|volume=86|issue=1|doi=10.5334/aogh.2799|first1=Kristy C. Y.|last1=Yiu|first2=Eva Merethe|last2=Solum|first3=Deborah D.|last3=DiLiberto|first4=Steffen|last4=Torp |doi-access=free }}</ref> ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ [[ᱟᱡᱟᱨ]] ᱠᱚ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜᱟᱜ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱨᱮ [[ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱟᱥᱟ]] ᱠᱚᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ᱾ ᱟᱸᱫᱟᱡᱽ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ, ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱟᱥᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱓᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ (ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ [[ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ]] ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ)᱾<ref>{{Cite journal| vauthors = [[Max Roser|Roser M]], Ortiz-Ospina E, [[Hannah Ritchie|Ritchie H]] |date=2013-05-23|title=Life Expectancy|url=https://ourworldindata.org/life-expectancy|journal=Our World in Data}}</ref> ᱮᱴᱟᱜ<!--related and similar--> ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱥᱟᱢᱚᱜᱽᱨᱤᱠ ᱫᱤᱥᱴᱤᱵᱷᱚᱝᱜᱤ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱤᱥᱴᱤ|ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ]] ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ]] ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Conrad PA, Meek LA, Dumit J | title = Operationalizing a One Health approach to global health challenges | journal = Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases | volume = 36 | issue = 3 | pages = 211–6 | date = May 2013 | pmid = 23711930 | doi = 10.1016/j.cimid.2013.03.006 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Hernando-Amado S, Coque TM, Baquero F, Martínez JL | title = Defining and combating antibiotic resistance from One Health and Global Health perspectives | journal = Nature Microbiology | volume = 4 | issue = 9 | pages = 1432–42 | date = September 2019 | pmid = 31439928 | doi = 10.1038/s41564-019-0503-9 | s2cid = 201283254 | url = https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/srhreports/health/health/43 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Sinclair JR | title = Importance of a One Health approach in advancing global health security and the Sustainable Development Goals | journal = Revue Scientifique et Technique | volume = 38 | issue = 1 | pages = 145–154 | date = May 2019 | pmid = 31564744 | doi = 10.20506/rst.38.1.2949 | s2cid = 203608381 }}</ref> ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ (ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ) ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱯᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ]] (WHO)᱾ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ [[ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱥᱮᱯᱷ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱯᱨᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ]] (WFP)᱾ [[ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ]] ᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ ᱩᱯᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ|ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ-ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱩᱯᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ]] ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ [[ᱢᱤᱞᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱡᱚᱥ]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/ |title=Millennium Development Goals |publisher=United Nations |access-date=2013-03-15}}</ref> ᱟᱨ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜᱟᱜ [[ᱴᱮᱠᱥᱚᱭ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱠᱚ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱷᱳᱥᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱮᱱᱮᱢᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱨᱤ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱠᱚ, ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ WHO, ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣᱮᱫᱟᱭ᱾ == ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ == [[File:Open Global Health at OpenCon 2015.jpg|thumb|ᱳᱯᱮᱱᱠᱚᱱ ᱒᱐᱑᱕ ᱨᱮ ᱳᱯᱮᱱ ᱜᱞᱳᱵᱟᱞ ᱦᱮᱞᱛᱷ]] ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱴᱤᱵᱷᱚᱝᱜᱤ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱯᱨᱮᱠᱷᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱯᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ * [[ᱨᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ]] ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱯᱮᱛᱷᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ]] ᱮ ᱵᱚᱨᱱᱚᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ [[ᱴᱮᱠᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ|ᱴᱮᱠᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ]], [[ᱨᱳᱜᱽ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹᱣ]], ᱟᱨ [[ᱛᱤᱠᱤᱪᱷᱟ]] ᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Weatherall DJ, Clegg JB | title = Inherited haemoglobin disorders: an increasing global health problem | journal = Bulletin of the World Health Organization | volume = 79 | issue = 8 | pages = 704–712 | year = 2001 | pmid = 11545326 | pmc = 2566499 }}</ref> * [[ᱫᱤᱥᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱳᱨ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Fried LP, Bentley ME, Buekens P, Burke DS, Frenk JJ, Klag MJ, Spencer HC | title = Global health is public health | journal = Lancet | volume = 375 | issue = 9714 | pages = 535–7 | date = February 2010 | pmid = 20159277 | doi = 10.1016/s0140-6736(10)60203-6 | s2cid = 38796542 }}</ref> * [[ᱮᱯᱤᱰᱮᱢᱤᱭᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ]] ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ ᱩᱯᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Ahern M, Kovats RS, Wilkinson P, Few R, Matthies F | title = Global health impacts of floods: epidemiologic evidence | journal = Epidemiologic Reviews | volume = 27 | issue = 1 | pages = 36–46 | year = 2005 | pmid = 15958425 | doi = 10.1093/epirev/mxi004 | doi-access = free }}</ref> * [[ᱰᱮᱢᱚᱜᱨᱟᱯᱷᱤ]] ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱰᱟᱴᱟ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite book | vauthors = Verano JW, Ubelake DH |title=Disease and demography in the Americas |date=1992 |publisher=Smithsonian Institution Press |location=Washington |isbn=978-1-56098-163-3}}</ref> * [[ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ]] ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱯᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱚᱪ-ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱚᱪ-ᱞᱟᱵᱷ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱳᱨ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite report | vauthors = Bloom DE, Cafiero E, Jané-Llopis E, Abrahams-Gessel S, Bloom LR, Fathima S, Feigl AB, Gaziano T, Hamandi A, Mowafi M, O'Farrell D | display-authors = 6 | title = The global economic burden of noncommunicable diseases. | work = Program on the Global Demography of Aging | date = January 2012 | url = https://ideas.repec.org/p/gdm/wpaper/8712.html }}</ref> * ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ]], [[ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ]], [[ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ]], [[ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ]], [[ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ]], ᱟᱨ [[ᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱨᱤ]] ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱯᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱮᱢ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱜᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ [[ᱱᱤᱛᱤᱥᱟᱥᱛᱨᱚ|ᱱᱤᱛᱤᱜᱚᱛ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱟᱹᱭᱫᱟᱹᱨᱤ]] ᱠᱚ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱠᱩᱠᱞᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝᱼᱟ᱾ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱᱚᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱝ-ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱩᱠᱛᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱠᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟᱱ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱤᱛᱷᱤᱠᱥ/ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱼᱤᱛᱷᱤᱠᱥ ᱠᱟᱣᱩᱱᱥᱤᱞ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱨ-ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱞᱳᱵᱟᱞ ᱥᱟᱢᱤᱴ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.globalsummit-berlin2016.de/ | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190404102034/https://www.globalsummit-berlin2016.de/ | archive-date = 4 April 2019 | title = Global Summits of National Ethics/Bioethics Councils | location = Berlin | date = 2016 }}</ref> == ᱢᱟᱯ ᱠᱚ == ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ [[ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ|ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ]] (ᱰᱤ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ), [[ᱜᱩᱱ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ|ᱜᱩᱱ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ]] (ᱠᱤᱣ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ.ᱮᱥ), ᱟᱨ [[ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱦᱟᱨ|ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱦᱟᱨ]] ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref name="etches2006">{{cite journal | vauthors = Etches V, Frank J, Di Ruggiero E, Manuel D | title = Measuring population health: a review of indicators | journal = Annual Review of Public Health | volume = 27 | pages = 29–55 | year = 2006 | pmid = 16533108 | doi = 10.1146/annurev.publhealth.27.021405.102141 | doi-access = free }}</ref> === ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ === [[Image:All causes DALYs per 100,000 people gradient world map (2021).svg|thumb|᱒᱐᱒᱑ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱑᱐᱐,᱐᱐᱐ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱯᱤᱪᱷᱤ ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ:<div style="text-align: left"> {{legend|#e0e0e0|ᱰᱟᱴᱟ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜᱼᱟ}} {{legend|#ffffcc|᱒۳,᱕᱐᱐ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ}} {{legend|#ffeda0|᱒᱓,᱕᱐᱐-᱓᱑,᱐᱐᱐}} {{legend|#fed976|᱓᱑,᱐᱐᱐-᱓᱘,᱕᱐᱐}} {{legend|#feb24c|᱓᱘,᱕᱐᱐-᱔᱖,᱐᱐᱐}} {{legend|#fd8d3c|᱔᱖,᱐᱐᱐-᱕᱓,᱕᱐᱐}} {{legend|#fc4e2a|᱕᱓,᱕᱐᱐-᱖᱑,᱐᱐᱐}} {{legend|#e31a1c|᱖᱑,᱐᱐᱐-᱖᱘,᱕᱐᱐}} {{legend|#bd0026|᱖᱘,᱕᱐᱐-᱗᱖,᱐᱐᱐}} {{legend|#800026|᱗᱖,᱐᱐᱐ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ}} </div>]] {{Main|ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ}} ᱰᱤ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱨᱟᱝᱥ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱠᱷᱟᱸᱰᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱱᱚᱥᱴᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ [[ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ|ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ]], [[ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ|ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ]], ᱟᱨ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱰᱤ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱥᱴᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ "ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ" ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱰᱤ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱱᱚᱥᱴᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱚᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱱᱚᱥᱴᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱜᱽ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ === ᱜᱩᱱ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ === {{Main|ᱜᱩᱱ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ}} ᱠᱤᱣ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ.ᱮᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱥᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱥᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ [[ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱱ (ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ)|ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱱ]] ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱟ: ᱡᱩᱫᱤ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱱᱚᱝ ᱢᱤᱫ (ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ) ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ, ᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱱᱚᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ (ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ) ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾ QALY ᱦᱤᱥᱟᱹᱵᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱜᱚᱱᱚᱝ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱮᱦᱟᱸᱰ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱥᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚᱦᱚᱭᱟ᱾ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ: ᱚᱱᱠᱟᱱ ᱴᱮᱠᱱᱤᱠ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱚᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱯᱚᱥᱚᱱᱫᱽ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱡᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱠᱚᱞ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟ, ᱥᱟᱨᱵᱷᱮ ᱥᱮ ᱵᱤᱥᱞᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱚᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱤᱪᱷᱟᱹ ᱟᱱᱢᱟᱱᱟ, ᱥᱮ ᱚᱱᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱚᱱᱛᱨᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱤᱠᱤᱪᱷᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱥᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱟᱥᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱮᱦᱟᱸᱰ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref name="etches2006" /> === ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ === {{Main|ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ|ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ}} ᱕ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱰᱤ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ.ᱮᱥ ᱥᱮ ᱠᱤᱣ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ.ᱮᱥ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱥᱩᱱᱤᱨᱫᱤᱥᱴᱚ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ|ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ]] ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱮᱢ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱮᱡ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱥᱚᱠᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Mulholland E, Smith L, Carneiro I, Becher H, Lehmann D | title = Equity and child-survival strategies | journal = Bulletin of the World Health Organization | volume = 86 | issue = 5 | pages = 399–407 | date = May 2008 | pmid = 18545743 | pmc = 2647438 | doi = 10.2471/BLT.07.044545 }}</ref> === ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱨ === {{Main|ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱨ}} ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱨᱮ [[ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱨ|ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱨ]], [[ᱯᱨᱚᱵᱚᱞᱚᱛᱟ|ᱯᱨᱚᱵᱚᱞᱚᱛᱟ]], ᱟᱨ [[ᱡᱚᱜᱽ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ|ᱡᱚᱜᱽ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ]] ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱚᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ ᱮ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱚᱪᱚᱭᱟ᱾ ᱡᱩᱫᱤᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱤᱫᱼᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱞ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱨᱚᱠᱟᱥᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱚᱱᱩᱯᱟᱛ ᱥᱮ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱨᱚᱠᱟᱥᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ == ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ == {{see also|ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱜᱟᱨ}} [[File:Life expectancy by world region since 1770, OWID.svg|thumb|᱑᱗᱗᱐ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱒᱐᱑᱘ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ, ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱟᱥᱟ]] ᱑᱙᱔᱕ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ [[ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ]] ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ [[ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱮᱸᱠ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ]] ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱥᱚᱯᱚᱦᱚᱫ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱑᱙᱔᱘ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ, ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱫ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ]] ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱑᱙᱔᱗ ᱟᱨ ᱑᱙᱔᱘ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱨ (ᱤᱡᱤᱯᱴ) ᱨᱮ ᱒᱐,᱐᱐᱐ ᱦᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱨᱟ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮ ᱩᱫᱽᱜᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web|title=History of WHO|author=World Health Organization|url=https://www.who.int/library/historical/access/who/index.en.shtml|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061207150944/http://www.who.int/library/historical/access/who/index.en.shtml|archive-date=2006-12-07}}</ref> ᱰᱟᱵᱽᱞᱩ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ.ᱳ (WHO) ᱟᱡᱟᱜ [[WHO ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱨᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱰᱮᱞ ᱞᱤᱥᱴᱤ|ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱨᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱰᱮᱞ ᱞᱤᱥᱴᱤ]] ᱮ ᱪᱷᱟᱯᱟ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱑᱙۷᱘ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ [[ᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱟᱴᱟ ᱜᱷᱳᱥᱱᱟ]] ᱫᱚ [[ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱛ ᱮ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite report|title=Primary Health Care: Report of the International Conference on Primary Health Care|location=Geneva|publisher=World Health Organization|year=1978|url=http://www.unicef.org/about/history/files/Alma_Ata_conference_1978_report.pdf|access-date=2014-05-06|archive-date=2017-08-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170829195121/https://www.unicef.org/about/history/files/Alma_Ata_conference_1978_report.pdf}}</ref> ᱒᱐᱐᱐ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱢᱤᱴ ᱨᱮ, ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱫ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱤᱨᱟᱹᱞ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ [[ᱢᱤᱞᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱡᱚᱥ]] (MDGs) ᱠᱚ ᱜᱷᱳᱥᱱᱟ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ,<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Kumar S, Kumar N, Vivekadhish S | title = Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): Addressing Unfinished Agenda and Strengthening Sustainable Development and Partnership | journal = Indian Journal of Community Medicine | volume = 41 | issue = 1 | pages = 1–4 | date = January–March 2016 | pmid = 26917865 | pmc = 4746946 | doi = 10.4103/0970-0218.170955 | doi-access = free }}</ref> ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱑᱕ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web|title=Resolution adopted by the General Assembly, 55/2|date=18 September 2000|publisher=United Nations|url=https://www.un.org/millennium/declaration/ares552e.pdf}}</ref> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱜᱷᱳᱥᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱟᱱ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱤᱡ ᱟᱨ ᱧᱟᱢᱤᱡ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱚᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱤᱱᱤᱭᱳᱜᱽ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱮᱢ.ᱰᱤ.ᱡᱤ (MDG) ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱴᱷᱟᱢᱳ ᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱞᱟᱦᱟᱱᱛᱤ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref name=":0">{{Cite web | url = https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/post2015/transformingourworld | title = Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development .:. Sustainable Development Knowledge Platform | website = sustainabledevelopment.un.org | access-date = 2016-02-26 }}</ref> ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ, ᱞᱟᱦᱟᱱᱛᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ-ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ [[ᱮᱸᱜᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ|ᱮᱸᱜᱟᱛ]], ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ [[ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱮᱢ.ᱰᱤ.ᱡᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾<ref name=":0" /> ᱮᱢ.ᱰᱤ.ᱡᱤ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱮᱦᱟᱸᱰ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱒᱐᱑᱖-᱒᱐᱓᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱑᱗ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ [[ᱴᱮᱠᱥᱚᱭ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱠᱚ]] (SDGs) ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱴᱮᱠᱥᱚᱭ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱰᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref name=":0" /> ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ [[ᱴᱮᱠᱥᱚᱭ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱑|ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱪᱟᱵᱟᱭ]] ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱤᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ᱾<ref name=":1">{{Cite web | url = http://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/sdgoverview/ | title = Sustainable Development Goals | website = UNDP | access-date = 2016-02-26 | archive-date = 2016-03-04 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160304031536/http://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/sdgoverview/ }}</ref> ᱒᱕ ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱑᱕ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ, ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱑᱙᱓ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱒᱐᱓᱐ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱰᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱯᱱᱟᱨ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ''ᱟᱵᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ: ᱴᱮᱠᱥᱚᱭ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱒᱐᱓᱐ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱰᱟ''᱾<ref name=":1" /> ᱒᱐᱐᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱫᱚᱥᱚᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱒᱐᱐᱐ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱤᱠᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ [[ᱜᱟᱵᱷᱤ]], ᱒᱐᱐᱒ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ [[ᱮᱰᱥ, ᱴᱤᱵᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱞᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱥᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱯᱷᱟᱱᱰ]], ᱒᱐᱐᱓ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ [[ᱮᱰᱥ ᱨᱮᱞᱤᱯᱷ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱜᱚᱢᱠᱮ ᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱢᱟᱨᱡᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱯᱞᱮᱱ]], ᱟᱨ ᱒᱐᱐᱕ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ [[ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱜᱚᱢᱠᱮ ᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱞᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ]] ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚᱥᱚᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱨ [[ᱢᱚᱱᱴᱮᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱱᱥᱮᱱᱥᱟᱥ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ (ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱹᱵᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱡᱳᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱯᱟᱸᱡᱟ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ),<ref>{{cite news | vauthors = Price N |title=Countries gather to fight poverty |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/647423631/ |access-date=21 November 2022 |work=The Sacramento Bee |date=March 23, 2002 |page=A13 }}</ref> ᱥᱩᱢᱩᱝ ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱚᱪ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱢᱟᱱ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱡᱳᱨ ᱮᱢ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web | vauthors = Mark Dybul M | work = The Catalyst | publisher = George W. Bush Institute | url = https://www.bushcenter.org/catalyst/africa/dybul-advance-of-global-health.html | title = How HIV, SARS, and Ebola Put Global Health on the Agenda | date = Summer 2017 }}</ref> ᱒᱐᱑᱕ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ''[[ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ]]'' ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱪᱷᱟᱯᱟ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱮᱦᱮᱧᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱑᱐᱐ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Hoffman SJ | title = Ending medical complicity in state-sponsored torture | journal = Lancet | volume = 378 | issue = 9802 | pages = 1535–7 | date = October 2011 | pmid = 21944647 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(11)60816-7 | ssrn = 2725729 | s2cid = 45829194 }}</ref> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ [[ᱵᱤᱞ ᱠᱞᱤᱱᱴᱚᱱ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ [[ᱯᱤᱴᱟᱨ ᱯᱤᱭᱳᱴ]] ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ, ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱠᱤᱞᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱠᱚ ᱚᱞ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ, ᱟᱨ [[ᱴᱤᱠᱟᱹ]] ᱠᱚ, [[ᱮᱱᱴᱤᱢᱟᱭᱠᱨᱳᱵᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱴᱮᱠᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ]], [[ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱦᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ|ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ]], [[ᱫᱷᱩᱸᱜᱟᱹ ᱧᱩ|ᱛᱷᱟᱢᱟᱠᱩᱨ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ]], ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ, [[ᱦᱚᱭᱦᱤᱥᱤᱫ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ]], ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ, ᱨᱟᱱ ᱧᱟᱢ, ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱚᱵᱷᱟᱨᱮᱡᱽ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱛᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱥᱟᱢᱨᱟᱡᱽᱭᱚᱵᱟᱫᱤ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱰᱤᱠᱚᱞᱳᱱᱟᱭᱡᱮᱥᱚᱱ (decolonisation) ᱥᱮ ᱩᱯᱚᱱᱤᱵᱮᱥᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱟᱹᱵᱤ ᱨᱟᱠᱟᱵ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=Kwete X, Tang K, Chen L, Ren R, Chen Q, Wu Z, Cai Y, Li H |date=January 2022 |title=Decolonizing global health: what should be the target of this movement and where does it lead us? |journal=Global Health Research and Policy |volume=7 |issue=1 |article-number=3 |doi=10.1186/s41256-022-00237-3 |pmc=8784247 |pmid=35067229 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Rasheed MA |date=December 2021 |title=Navigating the violent process of decolonisation in global health research: a guideline |journal=The Lancet. Global Health |volume=9 |issue=12 |pages=e1640–1 |doi=10.1016/S2214-109X(21)00440-X |pmid=34798014 |s2cid=244286291 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Affun-Adegbulu C, Adegbulu O |date=August 2020 |title=Decolonising Global (Public) Health: from Western universalism to Global pluriversalities |journal=BMJ Global Health |volume=5 |issue=8 |article-number=e002947 |doi=10.1136/bmjgh-2020-002947 |pmc=7443258 |pmid=32819916 |s2cid=221220715}}</ref> ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱤᱠᱳᱥᱤᱥᱴᱮᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱢᱚᱱᱛᱚᱵᱟᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱴᱷᱟᱢᱳ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ-ᱟᱭ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱥᱚᱸᱥᱛᱷᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱢᱨᱟᱡᱽᱭᱚᱵᱟᱫᱤ "ᱢᱩᱠᱩᱴ" ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Keshri VR, Bhaumik S |date=September 2022 |title=The feudal structure of global health and its implications for decolonisation |journal=BMJ Global Health |volume=7 |issue=9 |article-number=e010603 |doi=10.1136/bmjgh-2022-010603 |pmc=9516156 |pmid=36167407 |s2cid=252565623}}</ref> == ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱛᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ == == ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ == == ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱮ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝᱼᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱛᱮᱛᱮᱫ ᱠᱚ == == ᱜᱚᱱᱚᱴᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ == == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}} == ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ == jp8ghksoa9wymgxt42ililo3f0c7rt2 194422 194421 2026-07-13T10:18:44Z ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱗ 1744 /* ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱛᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ */ 194422 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱯᱨᱮᱠᱷᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ}} {{For|ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱰᱟᱴᱟᱵᱮᱥ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ|ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱰᱟᱴᱟᱵᱮᱥ}} {{pp-vandalism|small=yes}} [[File:World Health Organisation building from south.jpg|thumb| [[ᱡᱮᱱᱮᱵᱷᱟ]], [[ᱥᱩᱭᱡᱟᱨᱞᱮᱱᱰ]] ᱨᱮ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ]]]] '''ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ''' ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱠᱟᱱᱟ;<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Brown TM, Cueto M, Fee E | title = The World Health Organization and the transition of "international" to "global" public health | journal = American Journal of Public Health | volume = 96 | issue = 1 | pages = 62–72 | date = January 2006 | pmid = 16322464 | pmc = 1470434 | doi = 10.2105/AJPH.2004.050831 }}</ref> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ "ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ, [[ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ]], ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱛ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ"᱾<ref name="Koplan">{{cite journal | vauthors = Koplan JP, Bond TC, Merson MH, Reddy KS, Rodriguez MH, Sewankambo NK, Wasserheit JN | title = Towards a common definition of global health | journal = Lancet | volume = 373 | issue = 9679 | pages = 1993–5 | date = June 2009 | pmid = 19493564 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60332-9 | pmc = 9905260 | bibcode = 2009Lanc..373.1993K | s2cid = 6919716 | citeseerx = 10.1.1.610.7968 }}</ref> ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱤᱡᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱮᱢᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱡᱳᱨ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite book | last = Global Health Initiative | title = Why Global Health Matters | publisher = FamiliesUSA | year = 2008 | location = Washington, DC | url = http://www.familiesusa.org/issues/global-health/matters/ | access-date = 2008-06-10 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110308223639/http://www.familiesusa.org/issues/global-health/matters/ | archive-date = 2011-03-08 }}</ref> ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ, ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ([[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ|ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ]]), [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱮᱫ|ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱮᱫ]] ᱠᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱱ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ,<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Macfarlane SB, Jacobs M, Kaaya EE | title = In the name of global health: trends in academic institutions | journal = Journal of Public Health Policy | volume = 29 | issue = 4 | pages = 383–401 | date = December 2008 | pmid = 19079297 | doi = 10.1057/jphp.2008.25 | s2cid = 46424271 }}</ref><ref name="pmid32381654">{{cite journal | vauthors = Fischer SE, Patil P, Zielinski C, Baxter L, Bonilla-Escobar FJ, Hussain S, Lai C, Walpole SC, Ohanyido F, Flood D, Singh A, Al-Shorbaji N | display-authors = 6 | title = Is it about the 'where' or the 'how'? Comment on ''Defining global health as public health somewhere else'' | journal = BMJ Global Health | volume = 5 | issue = 5 | date = May 2020 | article-number = e002567 | pmid = 32381654 | pmc = 7223010 | doi = 10.1136/bmjgh-2020-002567 }}</ref> ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱱᱚᱡᱚᱨ ᱛᱮ [[ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱤᱥᱴᱤ|ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱥᱴᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ]] ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱜᱩᱞᱢᱟᱹᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱫᱤᱥᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱰᱟᱹᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ|ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ|ᱥᱤᱞᱯᱚ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ]] ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ [[ᱜᱚᱲᱚ|ᱵᱤᱫᱮᱥ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ]] ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite book |vauthors=White F, Nanan DJ |chapter=International and Global Health | veditors = Wallace RB |title= Maxcy-Rosenau-Last Public Health and Preventive Medicine |publisher=McGraw Hill |year=2008 |isbn=978-0-07-144198-8 |pages=1252–8 |edition=15th}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|title=Comparing Approaches to Research in Global and International Health: An Exploratory Study|journal=Annals of Global Health|date=2020-04-29|issn=2214-9996|pmc=7193757|pmid=32377512|pages=47|volume=86|issue=1|doi=10.5334/aogh.2799|first1=Kristy C. Y.|last1=Yiu|first2=Eva Merethe|last2=Solum|first3=Deborah D.|last3=DiLiberto|first4=Steffen|last4=Torp |doi-access=free }}</ref> ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ [[ᱟᱡᱟᱨ]] ᱠᱚ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜᱟᱜ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱨᱮ [[ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱟᱥᱟ]] ᱠᱚᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ᱾ ᱟᱸᱫᱟᱡᱽ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ, ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱟᱥᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱓᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ (ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ [[ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ]] ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ)᱾<ref>{{Cite journal| vauthors = [[Max Roser|Roser M]], Ortiz-Ospina E, [[Hannah Ritchie|Ritchie H]] |date=2013-05-23|title=Life Expectancy|url=https://ourworldindata.org/life-expectancy|journal=Our World in Data}}</ref> ᱮᱴᱟᱜ<!--related and similar--> ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱥᱟᱢᱚᱜᱽᱨᱤᱠ ᱫᱤᱥᱴᱤᱵᱷᱚᱝᱜᱤ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱤᱥᱴᱤ|ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ]] ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ]] ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Conrad PA, Meek LA, Dumit J | title = Operationalizing a One Health approach to global health challenges | journal = Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases | volume = 36 | issue = 3 | pages = 211–6 | date = May 2013 | pmid = 23711930 | doi = 10.1016/j.cimid.2013.03.006 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Hernando-Amado S, Coque TM, Baquero F, Martínez JL | title = Defining and combating antibiotic resistance from One Health and Global Health perspectives | journal = Nature Microbiology | volume = 4 | issue = 9 | pages = 1432–42 | date = September 2019 | pmid = 31439928 | doi = 10.1038/s41564-019-0503-9 | s2cid = 201283254 | url = https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/srhreports/health/health/43 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Sinclair JR | title = Importance of a One Health approach in advancing global health security and the Sustainable Development Goals | journal = Revue Scientifique et Technique | volume = 38 | issue = 1 | pages = 145–154 | date = May 2019 | pmid = 31564744 | doi = 10.20506/rst.38.1.2949 | s2cid = 203608381 }}</ref> ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ (ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ) ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱯᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ]] (WHO)᱾ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ [[ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱥᱮᱯᱷ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱯᱨᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ]] (WFP)᱾ [[ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ]] ᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ ᱩᱯᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ|ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ-ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱩᱯᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ]] ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ [[ᱢᱤᱞᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱡᱚᱥ]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/ |title=Millennium Development Goals |publisher=United Nations |access-date=2013-03-15}}</ref> ᱟᱨ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜᱟᱜ [[ᱴᱮᱠᱥᱚᱭ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱠᱚ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱷᱳᱥᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱮᱱᱮᱢᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱨᱤ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱠᱚ, ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ WHO, ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣᱮᱫᱟᱭ᱾ == ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ == [[File:Open Global Health at OpenCon 2015.jpg|thumb|ᱳᱯᱮᱱᱠᱚᱱ ᱒᱐᱑᱕ ᱨᱮ ᱳᱯᱮᱱ ᱜᱞᱳᱵᱟᱞ ᱦᱮᱞᱛᱷ]] ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱴᱤᱵᱷᱚᱝᱜᱤ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱯᱨᱮᱠᱷᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱯᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ * [[ᱨᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ]] ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱯᱮᱛᱷᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ]] ᱮ ᱵᱚᱨᱱᱚᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ [[ᱴᱮᱠᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ|ᱴᱮᱠᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ]], [[ᱨᱳᱜᱽ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹᱣ]], ᱟᱨ [[ᱛᱤᱠᱤᱪᱷᱟ]] ᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Weatherall DJ, Clegg JB | title = Inherited haemoglobin disorders: an increasing global health problem | journal = Bulletin of the World Health Organization | volume = 79 | issue = 8 | pages = 704–712 | year = 2001 | pmid = 11545326 | pmc = 2566499 }}</ref> * [[ᱫᱤᱥᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱳᱨ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Fried LP, Bentley ME, Buekens P, Burke DS, Frenk JJ, Klag MJ, Spencer HC | title = Global health is public health | journal = Lancet | volume = 375 | issue = 9714 | pages = 535–7 | date = February 2010 | pmid = 20159277 | doi = 10.1016/s0140-6736(10)60203-6 | s2cid = 38796542 }}</ref> * [[ᱮᱯᱤᱰᱮᱢᱤᱭᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ]] ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ ᱩᱯᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Ahern M, Kovats RS, Wilkinson P, Few R, Matthies F | title = Global health impacts of floods: epidemiologic evidence | journal = Epidemiologic Reviews | volume = 27 | issue = 1 | pages = 36–46 | year = 2005 | pmid = 15958425 | doi = 10.1093/epirev/mxi004 | doi-access = free }}</ref> * [[ᱰᱮᱢᱚᱜᱨᱟᱯᱷᱤ]] ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱰᱟᱴᱟ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite book | vauthors = Verano JW, Ubelake DH |title=Disease and demography in the Americas |date=1992 |publisher=Smithsonian Institution Press |location=Washington |isbn=978-1-56098-163-3}}</ref> * [[ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ]] ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱯᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱚᱪ-ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱚᱪ-ᱞᱟᱵᱷ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱳᱨ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite report | vauthors = Bloom DE, Cafiero E, Jané-Llopis E, Abrahams-Gessel S, Bloom LR, Fathima S, Feigl AB, Gaziano T, Hamandi A, Mowafi M, O'Farrell D | display-authors = 6 | title = The global economic burden of noncommunicable diseases. | work = Program on the Global Demography of Aging | date = January 2012 | url = https://ideas.repec.org/p/gdm/wpaper/8712.html }}</ref> * ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ]], [[ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ]], [[ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ]], [[ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ]], [[ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ]], ᱟᱨ [[ᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱨᱤ]] ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱯᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱮᱢ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱜᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ [[ᱱᱤᱛᱤᱥᱟᱥᱛᱨᱚ|ᱱᱤᱛᱤᱜᱚᱛ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱟᱹᱭᱫᱟᱹᱨᱤ]] ᱠᱚ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱠᱩᱠᱞᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝᱼᱟ᱾ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱᱚᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱝ-ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱩᱠᱛᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱠᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟᱱ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱤᱛᱷᱤᱠᱥ/ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱼᱤᱛᱷᱤᱠᱥ ᱠᱟᱣᱩᱱᱥᱤᱞ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱨ-ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱞᱳᱵᱟᱞ ᱥᱟᱢᱤᱴ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.globalsummit-berlin2016.de/ | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190404102034/https://www.globalsummit-berlin2016.de/ | archive-date = 4 April 2019 | title = Global Summits of National Ethics/Bioethics Councils | location = Berlin | date = 2016 }}</ref> == ᱢᱟᱯ ᱠᱚ == ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ [[ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ|ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ]] (ᱰᱤ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ), [[ᱜᱩᱱ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ|ᱜᱩᱱ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ]] (ᱠᱤᱣ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ.ᱮᱥ), ᱟᱨ [[ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱦᱟᱨ|ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱦᱟᱨ]] ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref name="etches2006">{{cite journal | vauthors = Etches V, Frank J, Di Ruggiero E, Manuel D | title = Measuring population health: a review of indicators | journal = Annual Review of Public Health | volume = 27 | pages = 29–55 | year = 2006 | pmid = 16533108 | doi = 10.1146/annurev.publhealth.27.021405.102141 | doi-access = free }}</ref> === ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ === [[Image:All causes DALYs per 100,000 people gradient world map (2021).svg|thumb|᱒᱐᱒᱑ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱑᱐᱐,᱐᱐᱐ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱯᱤᱪᱷᱤ ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ:<div style="text-align: left"> {{legend|#e0e0e0|ᱰᱟᱴᱟ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜᱼᱟ}} {{legend|#ffffcc|᱒۳,᱕᱐᱐ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ}} {{legend|#ffeda0|᱒᱓,᱕᱐᱐-᱓᱑,᱐᱐᱐}} {{legend|#fed976|᱓᱑,᱐᱐᱐-᱓᱘,᱕᱐᱐}} {{legend|#feb24c|᱓᱘,᱕᱐᱐-᱔᱖,᱐᱐᱐}} {{legend|#fd8d3c|᱔᱖,᱐᱐᱐-᱕᱓,᱕᱐᱐}} {{legend|#fc4e2a|᱕᱓,᱕᱐᱐-᱖᱑,᱐᱐᱐}} {{legend|#e31a1c|᱖᱑,᱐᱐᱐-᱖᱘,᱕᱐᱐}} {{legend|#bd0026|᱖᱘,᱕᱐᱐-᱗᱖,᱐᱐᱐}} {{legend|#800026|᱗᱖,᱐᱐᱐ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ}} </div>]] {{Main|ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ}} ᱰᱤ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱨᱟᱝᱥ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱠᱷᱟᱸᱰᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱱᱚᱥᱴᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ [[ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ|ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ]], [[ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ|ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ]], ᱟᱨ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱰᱤ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱥᱴᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ "ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ" ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱰᱤ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱱᱚᱥᱴᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱚᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱱᱚᱥᱴᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱜᱽ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ === ᱜᱩᱱ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ === {{Main|ᱜᱩᱱ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ}} ᱠᱤᱣ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ.ᱮᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱥᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱥᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ [[ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱱ (ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ)|ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱱ]] ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱟ: ᱡᱩᱫᱤ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱱᱚᱝ ᱢᱤᱫ (ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ) ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ, ᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱱᱚᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ (ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ) ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾ QALY ᱦᱤᱥᱟᱹᱵᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱜᱚᱱᱚᱝ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱮᱦᱟᱸᱰ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱥᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚᱦᱚᱭᱟ᱾ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ: ᱚᱱᱠᱟᱱ ᱴᱮᱠᱱᱤᱠ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱚᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱯᱚᱥᱚᱱᱫᱽ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱡᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱠᱚᱞ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟ, ᱥᱟᱨᱵᱷᱮ ᱥᱮ ᱵᱤᱥᱞᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱚᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱤᱪᱷᱟᱹ ᱟᱱᱢᱟᱱᱟ, ᱥᱮ ᱚᱱᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱚᱱᱛᱨᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱤᱠᱤᱪᱷᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱥᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱟᱥᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱮᱦᱟᱸᱰ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref name="etches2006" /> === ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ === {{Main|ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ|ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ}} ᱕ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱰᱤ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ.ᱮᱥ ᱥᱮ ᱠᱤᱣ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ.ᱮᱥ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱥᱩᱱᱤᱨᱫᱤᱥᱴᱚ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ|ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ]] ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱮᱢ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱮᱡ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱥᱚᱠᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Mulholland E, Smith L, Carneiro I, Becher H, Lehmann D | title = Equity and child-survival strategies | journal = Bulletin of the World Health Organization | volume = 86 | issue = 5 | pages = 399–407 | date = May 2008 | pmid = 18545743 | pmc = 2647438 | doi = 10.2471/BLT.07.044545 }}</ref> === ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱨ === {{Main|ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱨ}} ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱨᱮ [[ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱨ|ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱨ]], [[ᱯᱨᱚᱵᱚᱞᱚᱛᱟ|ᱯᱨᱚᱵᱚᱞᱚᱛᱟ]], ᱟᱨ [[ᱡᱚᱜᱽ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ|ᱡᱚᱜᱽ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ]] ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱚᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ ᱮ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱚᱪᱚᱭᱟ᱾ ᱡᱩᱫᱤᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱤᱫᱼᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱞ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱨᱚᱠᱟᱥᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱚᱱᱩᱯᱟᱛ ᱥᱮ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱨᱚᱠᱟᱥᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ == ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ == {{see also|ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱜᱟᱨ}} [[File:Life expectancy by world region since 1770, OWID.svg|thumb|᱑᱗᱗᱐ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱒᱐᱑᱘ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ, ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱟᱥᱟ]] ᱑᱙᱔᱕ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ [[ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ]] ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ [[ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱮᱸᱠ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ]] ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱥᱚᱯᱚᱦᱚᱫ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱑᱙᱔᱘ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ, ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱫ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ]] ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱑᱙᱔᱗ ᱟᱨ ᱑᱙᱔᱘ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱨ (ᱤᱡᱤᱯᱴ) ᱨᱮ ᱒᱐,᱐᱐᱐ ᱦᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱨᱟ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮ ᱩᱫᱽᱜᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web|title=History of WHO|author=World Health Organization|url=https://www.who.int/library/historical/access/who/index.en.shtml|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061207150944/http://www.who.int/library/historical/access/who/index.en.shtml|archive-date=2006-12-07}}</ref> ᱰᱟᱵᱽᱞᱩ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ.ᱳ (WHO) ᱟᱡᱟᱜ [[WHO ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱨᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱰᱮᱞ ᱞᱤᱥᱴᱤ|ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱨᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱰᱮᱞ ᱞᱤᱥᱴᱤ]] ᱮ ᱪᱷᱟᱯᱟ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱑᱙۷᱘ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ [[ᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱟᱴᱟ ᱜᱷᱳᱥᱱᱟ]] ᱫᱚ [[ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱛ ᱮ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite report|title=Primary Health Care: Report of the International Conference on Primary Health Care|location=Geneva|publisher=World Health Organization|year=1978|url=http://www.unicef.org/about/history/files/Alma_Ata_conference_1978_report.pdf|access-date=2014-05-06|archive-date=2017-08-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170829195121/https://www.unicef.org/about/history/files/Alma_Ata_conference_1978_report.pdf}}</ref> ᱒᱐᱐᱐ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱢᱤᱴ ᱨᱮ, ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱫ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱤᱨᱟᱹᱞ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ [[ᱢᱤᱞᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱡᱚᱥ]] (MDGs) ᱠᱚ ᱜᱷᱳᱥᱱᱟ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ,<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Kumar S, Kumar N, Vivekadhish S | title = Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): Addressing Unfinished Agenda and Strengthening Sustainable Development and Partnership | journal = Indian Journal of Community Medicine | volume = 41 | issue = 1 | pages = 1–4 | date = January–March 2016 | pmid = 26917865 | pmc = 4746946 | doi = 10.4103/0970-0218.170955 | doi-access = free }}</ref> ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱑᱕ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web|title=Resolution adopted by the General Assembly, 55/2|date=18 September 2000|publisher=United Nations|url=https://www.un.org/millennium/declaration/ares552e.pdf}}</ref> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱜᱷᱳᱥᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱟᱱ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱤᱡ ᱟᱨ ᱧᱟᱢᱤᱡ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱚᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱤᱱᱤᱭᱳᱜᱽ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱮᱢ.ᱰᱤ.ᱡᱤ (MDG) ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱴᱷᱟᱢᱳ ᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱞᱟᱦᱟᱱᱛᱤ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref name=":0">{{Cite web | url = https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/post2015/transformingourworld | title = Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development .:. Sustainable Development Knowledge Platform | website = sustainabledevelopment.un.org | access-date = 2016-02-26 }}</ref> ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ, ᱞᱟᱦᱟᱱᱛᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ-ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ [[ᱮᱸᱜᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ|ᱮᱸᱜᱟᱛ]], ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ [[ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱮᱢ.ᱰᱤ.ᱡᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾<ref name=":0" /> ᱮᱢ.ᱰᱤ.ᱡᱤ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱮᱦᱟᱸᱰ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱒᱐᱑᱖-᱒᱐᱓᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱑᱗ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ [[ᱴᱮᱠᱥᱚᱭ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱠᱚ]] (SDGs) ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱴᱮᱠᱥᱚᱭ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱰᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref name=":0" /> ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ [[ᱴᱮᱠᱥᱚᱭ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱑|ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱪᱟᱵᱟᱭ]] ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱤᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ᱾<ref name=":1">{{Cite web | url = http://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/sdgoverview/ | title = Sustainable Development Goals | website = UNDP | access-date = 2016-02-26 | archive-date = 2016-03-04 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160304031536/http://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/sdgoverview/ }}</ref> ᱒᱕ ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱑᱕ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ, ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱑᱙᱓ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱒᱐᱓᱐ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱰᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱯᱱᱟᱨ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ''ᱟᱵᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ: ᱴᱮᱠᱥᱚᱭ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱒᱐᱓᱐ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱰᱟ''᱾<ref name=":1" /> ᱒᱐᱐᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱫᱚᱥᱚᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱒᱐᱐᱐ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱤᱠᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ [[ᱜᱟᱵᱷᱤ]], ᱒᱐᱐᱒ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ [[ᱮᱰᱥ, ᱴᱤᱵᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱞᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱥᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱯᱷᱟᱱᱰ]], ᱒᱐᱐᱓ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ [[ᱮᱰᱥ ᱨᱮᱞᱤᱯᱷ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱜᱚᱢᱠᱮ ᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱢᱟᱨᱡᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱯᱞᱮᱱ]], ᱟᱨ ᱒᱐᱐᱕ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ [[ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱜᱚᱢᱠᱮ ᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱞᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ]] ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚᱥᱚᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱨ [[ᱢᱚᱱᱴᱮᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱱᱥᱮᱱᱥᱟᱥ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ (ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱹᱵᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱡᱳᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱯᱟᱸᱡᱟ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ),<ref>{{cite news | vauthors = Price N |title=Countries gather to fight poverty |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/647423631/ |access-date=21 November 2022 |work=The Sacramento Bee |date=March 23, 2002 |page=A13 }}</ref> ᱥᱩᱢᱩᱝ ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱚᱪ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱢᱟᱱ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱡᱳᱨ ᱮᱢ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web | vauthors = Mark Dybul M | work = The Catalyst | publisher = George W. Bush Institute | url = https://www.bushcenter.org/catalyst/africa/dybul-advance-of-global-health.html | title = How HIV, SARS, and Ebola Put Global Health on the Agenda | date = Summer 2017 }}</ref> ᱒᱐᱑᱕ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ''[[ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ]]'' ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱪᱷᱟᱯᱟ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱮᱦᱮᱧᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱑᱐᱐ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Hoffman SJ | title = Ending medical complicity in state-sponsored torture | journal = Lancet | volume = 378 | issue = 9802 | pages = 1535–7 | date = October 2011 | pmid = 21944647 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(11)60816-7 | ssrn = 2725729 | s2cid = 45829194 }}</ref> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ [[ᱵᱤᱞ ᱠᱞᱤᱱᱴᱚᱱ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ [[ᱯᱤᱴᱟᱨ ᱯᱤᱭᱳᱴ]] ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ, ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱠᱤᱞᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱠᱚ ᱚᱞ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ, ᱟᱨ [[ᱴᱤᱠᱟᱹ]] ᱠᱚ, [[ᱮᱱᱴᱤᱢᱟᱭᱠᱨᱳᱵᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱴᱮᱠᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ]], [[ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱦᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ|ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ]], [[ᱫᱷᱩᱸᱜᱟᱹ ᱧᱩ|ᱛᱷᱟᱢᱟᱠᱩᱨ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ]], ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ, [[ᱦᱚᱭᱦᱤᱥᱤᱫ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ]], ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ, ᱨᱟᱱ ᱧᱟᱢ, ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱚᱵᱷᱟᱨᱮᱡᱽ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱛᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱥᱟᱢᱨᱟᱡᱽᱭᱚᱵᱟᱫᱤ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱰᱤᱠᱚᱞᱳᱱᱟᱭᱡᱮᱥᱚᱱ (decolonisation) ᱥᱮ ᱩᱯᱚᱱᱤᱵᱮᱥᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱟᱹᱵᱤ ᱨᱟᱠᱟᱵ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=Kwete X, Tang K, Chen L, Ren R, Chen Q, Wu Z, Cai Y, Li H |date=January 2022 |title=Decolonizing global health: what should be the target of this movement and where does it lead us? |journal=Global Health Research and Policy |volume=7 |issue=1 |article-number=3 |doi=10.1186/s41256-022-00237-3 |pmc=8784247 |pmid=35067229 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Rasheed MA |date=December 2021 |title=Navigating the violent process of decolonisation in global health research: a guideline |journal=The Lancet. Global Health |volume=9 |issue=12 |pages=e1640–1 |doi=10.1016/S2214-109X(21)00440-X |pmid=34798014 |s2cid=244286291 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Affun-Adegbulu C, Adegbulu O |date=August 2020 |title=Decolonising Global (Public) Health: from Western universalism to Global pluriversalities |journal=BMJ Global Health |volume=5 |issue=8 |article-number=e002947 |doi=10.1136/bmjgh-2020-002947 |pmc=7443258 |pmid=32819916 |s2cid=221220715}}</ref> ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱤᱠᱳᱥᱤᱥᱴᱮᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱢᱚᱱᱛᱚᱵᱟᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱴᱷᱟᱢᱳ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ-ᱟᱭ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱥᱚᱸᱥᱛᱷᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱢᱨᱟᱡᱽᱭᱚᱵᱟᱫᱤ "ᱢᱩᱠᱩᱴ" ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Keshri VR, Bhaumik S |date=September 2022 |title=The feudal structure of global health and its implications for decolonisation |journal=BMJ Global Health |volume=7 |issue=9 |article-number=e010603 |doi=10.1136/bmjgh-2022-010603 |pmc=9516156 |pmid=36167407 |s2cid=252565623}}</ref> == ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱛᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ == === ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲᱚᱜ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ === ==== ᱥᱟᱦᱮᱫ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ==== {{Main|ᱥᱟᱦᱮᱫ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ}} ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱮᱫ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱞᱩᱛᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱮᱢᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref name="Lopez AD 2006">{{cite journal | vauthors = Lopez AD, Mathers CD, Ezzati M, Jamison DT, Murray CJ | title = Global and regional burden of disease and risk factors, 2001: systematic analysis of population health data | journal = Lancet | volume = 367 | issue = 9524 | pages = 1747–57 | date = May 2006 | pmid = 16731270 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(06)68770-9 | s2cid = 22609505 }}</ref> ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱛ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱦᱮᱫ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ [[ᱴᱤᱵᱷᱤ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ]], [[ᱦᱟᱢ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ]], [[ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱞᱩᱭᱮᱱᱡᱟ]], [[ᱠᱳᱨᱳᱱᱟᱵᱷᱟᱭᱨᱟᱥ|ᱠᱳᱨᱳᱱᱟᱵᱷᱟᱭᱨᱟᱥ ᱠᱚ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱱᱤᱣᱢᱳᱱᱤᱭᱟ]] ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱛᱷᱟᱠᱨᱚᱢᱮ ''[[ᱢᱟᱭᱠᱳᱵᱮᱠᱴᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱴᱤᱣᱵᱟᱨᱠᱤᱣᱞᱳᱥᱤᱥ]]'', ''[[ᱢᱚᱨᱵᱤᱞᱤᱵᱷᱟᱭᱨᱟᱥ]]'', ''[[ᱦᱤᱢᱳᱯᱷᱤᱞᱟᱥ ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱞᱩᱭᱮᱱᱡᱤ]]'' ᱟᱨ ''[[ᱱᱤᱣᱢᱳᱠᱳᱠᱟᱭ]]'' ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱥᱟᱦᱮᱫ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱤᱲ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤᱜᱼᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ ᱫᱚ [[ᱯᱷᱩᱥᱯᱷᱩᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱡᱷᱟ ᱒᱐ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱵᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱯᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Mizgerd JP | title = Lung infection--a public health priority | journal = PLOS Medicine | volume = 3 | issue = 2 | article-number = e76 | date = February 2006 | pmid = 16401173 | pmc = 1326257 | doi = 10.1371/journal.pmed.0030076 | doi-access = free }}</ref> == ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ == == ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱮ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝᱼᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱛᱮᱛᱮᱫ ᱠᱚ == == ᱜᱚᱱᱚᱴᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ == == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}} == ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ == 6plnk0d4vbud6sw1w3ws9rc0fff14qi 194423 194422 2026-07-13T10:20:39Z ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱗ 1744 /* ᱥᱟᱦᱮᱫ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ */ 194423 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱯᱨᱮᱠᱷᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ}} {{For|ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱰᱟᱴᱟᱵᱮᱥ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ|ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱰᱟᱴᱟᱵᱮᱥ}} {{pp-vandalism|small=yes}} [[File:World Health Organisation building from south.jpg|thumb| [[ᱡᱮᱱᱮᱵᱷᱟ]], [[ᱥᱩᱭᱡᱟᱨᱞᱮᱱᱰ]] ᱨᱮ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ]]]] '''ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ''' ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱠᱟᱱᱟ;<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Brown TM, Cueto M, Fee E | title = The World Health Organization and the transition of "international" to "global" public health | journal = American Journal of Public Health | volume = 96 | issue = 1 | pages = 62–72 | date = January 2006 | pmid = 16322464 | pmc = 1470434 | doi = 10.2105/AJPH.2004.050831 }}</ref> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ "ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ, [[ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ]], ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱛ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ"᱾<ref name="Koplan">{{cite journal | vauthors = Koplan JP, Bond TC, Merson MH, Reddy KS, Rodriguez MH, Sewankambo NK, Wasserheit JN | title = Towards a common definition of global health | journal = Lancet | volume = 373 | issue = 9679 | pages = 1993–5 | date = June 2009 | pmid = 19493564 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60332-9 | pmc = 9905260 | bibcode = 2009Lanc..373.1993K | s2cid = 6919716 | citeseerx = 10.1.1.610.7968 }}</ref> ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱤᱡᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱮᱢᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱡᱳᱨ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite book | last = Global Health Initiative | title = Why Global Health Matters | publisher = FamiliesUSA | year = 2008 | location = Washington, DC | url = http://www.familiesusa.org/issues/global-health/matters/ | access-date = 2008-06-10 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110308223639/http://www.familiesusa.org/issues/global-health/matters/ | archive-date = 2011-03-08 }}</ref> ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ, ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ([[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ|ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ]]), [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱮᱫ|ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱮᱫ]] ᱠᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱱ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ,<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Macfarlane SB, Jacobs M, Kaaya EE | title = In the name of global health: trends in academic institutions | journal = Journal of Public Health Policy | volume = 29 | issue = 4 | pages = 383–401 | date = December 2008 | pmid = 19079297 | doi = 10.1057/jphp.2008.25 | s2cid = 46424271 }}</ref><ref name="pmid32381654">{{cite journal | vauthors = Fischer SE, Patil P, Zielinski C, Baxter L, Bonilla-Escobar FJ, Hussain S, Lai C, Walpole SC, Ohanyido F, Flood D, Singh A, Al-Shorbaji N | display-authors = 6 | title = Is it about the 'where' or the 'how'? Comment on ''Defining global health as public health somewhere else'' | journal = BMJ Global Health | volume = 5 | issue = 5 | date = May 2020 | article-number = e002567 | pmid = 32381654 | pmc = 7223010 | doi = 10.1136/bmjgh-2020-002567 }}</ref> ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱱᱚᱡᱚᱨ ᱛᱮ [[ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱤᱥᱴᱤ|ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱥᱴᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ]] ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱜᱩᱞᱢᱟᱹᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱫᱤᱥᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱰᱟᱹᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ|ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ|ᱥᱤᱞᱯᱚ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ]] ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ [[ᱜᱚᱲᱚ|ᱵᱤᱫᱮᱥ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ]] ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite book |vauthors=White F, Nanan DJ |chapter=International and Global Health | veditors = Wallace RB |title= Maxcy-Rosenau-Last Public Health and Preventive Medicine |publisher=McGraw Hill |year=2008 |isbn=978-0-07-144198-8 |pages=1252–8 |edition=15th}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|title=Comparing Approaches to Research in Global and International Health: An Exploratory Study|journal=Annals of Global Health|date=2020-04-29|issn=2214-9996|pmc=7193757|pmid=32377512|pages=47|volume=86|issue=1|doi=10.5334/aogh.2799|first1=Kristy C. Y.|last1=Yiu|first2=Eva Merethe|last2=Solum|first3=Deborah D.|last3=DiLiberto|first4=Steffen|last4=Torp |doi-access=free }}</ref> ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ [[ᱟᱡᱟᱨ]] ᱠᱚ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜᱟᱜ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱨᱮ [[ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱟᱥᱟ]] ᱠᱚᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ᱾ ᱟᱸᱫᱟᱡᱽ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ, ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱟᱥᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱓᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ (ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ [[ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ]] ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ)᱾<ref>{{Cite journal| vauthors = [[Max Roser|Roser M]], Ortiz-Ospina E, [[Hannah Ritchie|Ritchie H]] |date=2013-05-23|title=Life Expectancy|url=https://ourworldindata.org/life-expectancy|journal=Our World in Data}}</ref> ᱮᱴᱟᱜ<!--related and similar--> ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱥᱟᱢᱚᱜᱽᱨᱤᱠ ᱫᱤᱥᱴᱤᱵᱷᱚᱝᱜᱤ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱤᱥᱴᱤ|ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ]] ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ]] ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Conrad PA, Meek LA, Dumit J | title = Operationalizing a One Health approach to global health challenges | journal = Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases | volume = 36 | issue = 3 | pages = 211–6 | date = May 2013 | pmid = 23711930 | doi = 10.1016/j.cimid.2013.03.006 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Hernando-Amado S, Coque TM, Baquero F, Martínez JL | title = Defining and combating antibiotic resistance from One Health and Global Health perspectives | journal = Nature Microbiology | volume = 4 | issue = 9 | pages = 1432–42 | date = September 2019 | pmid = 31439928 | doi = 10.1038/s41564-019-0503-9 | s2cid = 201283254 | url = https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/srhreports/health/health/43 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Sinclair JR | title = Importance of a One Health approach in advancing global health security and the Sustainable Development Goals | journal = Revue Scientifique et Technique | volume = 38 | issue = 1 | pages = 145–154 | date = May 2019 | pmid = 31564744 | doi = 10.20506/rst.38.1.2949 | s2cid = 203608381 }}</ref> ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ (ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ) ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱯᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ]] (WHO)᱾ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ [[ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱥᱮᱯᱷ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱯᱨᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ]] (WFP)᱾ [[ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ]] ᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ ᱩᱯᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ|ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ-ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱩᱯᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ]] ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ [[ᱢᱤᱞᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱡᱚᱥ]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/ |title=Millennium Development Goals |publisher=United Nations |access-date=2013-03-15}}</ref> ᱟᱨ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜᱟᱜ [[ᱴᱮᱠᱥᱚᱭ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱠᱚ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱷᱳᱥᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱮᱱᱮᱢᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱨᱤ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱠᱚ, ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ WHO, ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣᱮᱫᱟᱭ᱾ == ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ == [[File:Open Global Health at OpenCon 2015.jpg|thumb|ᱳᱯᱮᱱᱠᱚᱱ ᱒᱐᱑᱕ ᱨᱮ ᱳᱯᱮᱱ ᱜᱞᱳᱵᱟᱞ ᱦᱮᱞᱛᱷ]] ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱴᱤᱵᱷᱚᱝᱜᱤ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱯᱨᱮᱠᱷᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱯᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ * [[ᱨᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ]] ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱯᱮᱛᱷᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ]] ᱮ ᱵᱚᱨᱱᱚᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ [[ᱴᱮᱠᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ|ᱴᱮᱠᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ]], [[ᱨᱳᱜᱽ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹᱣ]], ᱟᱨ [[ᱛᱤᱠᱤᱪᱷᱟ]] ᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Weatherall DJ, Clegg JB | title = Inherited haemoglobin disorders: an increasing global health problem | journal = Bulletin of the World Health Organization | volume = 79 | issue = 8 | pages = 704–712 | year = 2001 | pmid = 11545326 | pmc = 2566499 }}</ref> * [[ᱫᱤᱥᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱳᱨ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Fried LP, Bentley ME, Buekens P, Burke DS, Frenk JJ, Klag MJ, Spencer HC | title = Global health is public health | journal = Lancet | volume = 375 | issue = 9714 | pages = 535–7 | date = February 2010 | pmid = 20159277 | doi = 10.1016/s0140-6736(10)60203-6 | s2cid = 38796542 }}</ref> * [[ᱮᱯᱤᱰᱮᱢᱤᱭᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ]] ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ ᱩᱯᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Ahern M, Kovats RS, Wilkinson P, Few R, Matthies F | title = Global health impacts of floods: epidemiologic evidence | journal = Epidemiologic Reviews | volume = 27 | issue = 1 | pages = 36–46 | year = 2005 | pmid = 15958425 | doi = 10.1093/epirev/mxi004 | doi-access = free }}</ref> * [[ᱰᱮᱢᱚᱜᱨᱟᱯᱷᱤ]] ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱰᱟᱴᱟ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite book | vauthors = Verano JW, Ubelake DH |title=Disease and demography in the Americas |date=1992 |publisher=Smithsonian Institution Press |location=Washington |isbn=978-1-56098-163-3}}</ref> * [[ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ]] ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱯᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱚᱪ-ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱚᱪ-ᱞᱟᱵᱷ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱳᱨ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite report | vauthors = Bloom DE, Cafiero E, Jané-Llopis E, Abrahams-Gessel S, Bloom LR, Fathima S, Feigl AB, Gaziano T, Hamandi A, Mowafi M, O'Farrell D | display-authors = 6 | title = The global economic burden of noncommunicable diseases. | work = Program on the Global Demography of Aging | date = January 2012 | url = https://ideas.repec.org/p/gdm/wpaper/8712.html }}</ref> * ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ]], [[ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ]], [[ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ]], [[ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ]], [[ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ]], ᱟᱨ [[ᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱨᱤ]] ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱯᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱮᱢ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱜᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ [[ᱱᱤᱛᱤᱥᱟᱥᱛᱨᱚ|ᱱᱤᱛᱤᱜᱚᱛ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱟᱹᱭᱫᱟᱹᱨᱤ]] ᱠᱚ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱠᱩᱠᱞᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝᱼᱟ᱾ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱᱚᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱝ-ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱩᱠᱛᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱠᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟᱱ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱤᱛᱷᱤᱠᱥ/ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱼᱤᱛᱷᱤᱠᱥ ᱠᱟᱣᱩᱱᱥᱤᱞ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱨ-ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱞᱳᱵᱟᱞ ᱥᱟᱢᱤᱴ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.globalsummit-berlin2016.de/ | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190404102034/https://www.globalsummit-berlin2016.de/ | archive-date = 4 April 2019 | title = Global Summits of National Ethics/Bioethics Councils | location = Berlin | date = 2016 }}</ref> == ᱢᱟᱯ ᱠᱚ == ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ [[ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ|ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ]] (ᱰᱤ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ), [[ᱜᱩᱱ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ|ᱜᱩᱱ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ]] (ᱠᱤᱣ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ.ᱮᱥ), ᱟᱨ [[ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱦᱟᱨ|ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱦᱟᱨ]] ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref name="etches2006">{{cite journal | vauthors = Etches V, Frank J, Di Ruggiero E, Manuel D | title = Measuring population health: a review of indicators | journal = Annual Review of Public Health | volume = 27 | pages = 29–55 | year = 2006 | pmid = 16533108 | doi = 10.1146/annurev.publhealth.27.021405.102141 | doi-access = free }}</ref> === ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ === [[Image:All causes DALYs per 100,000 people gradient world map (2021).svg|thumb|᱒᱐᱒᱑ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱑᱐᱐,᱐᱐᱐ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱯᱤᱪᱷᱤ ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ:<div style="text-align: left"> {{legend|#e0e0e0|ᱰᱟᱴᱟ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜᱼᱟ}} {{legend|#ffffcc|᱒۳,᱕᱐᱐ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ}} {{legend|#ffeda0|᱒᱓,᱕᱐᱐-᱓᱑,᱐᱐᱐}} {{legend|#fed976|᱓᱑,᱐᱐᱐-᱓᱘,᱕᱐᱐}} {{legend|#feb24c|᱓᱘,᱕᱐᱐-᱔᱖,᱐᱐᱐}} {{legend|#fd8d3c|᱔᱖,᱐᱐᱐-᱕᱓,᱕᱐᱐}} {{legend|#fc4e2a|᱕᱓,᱕᱐᱐-᱖᱑,᱐᱐᱐}} {{legend|#e31a1c|᱖᱑,᱐᱐᱐-᱖᱘,᱕᱐᱐}} {{legend|#bd0026|᱖᱘,᱕᱐᱐-᱗᱖,᱐᱐᱐}} {{legend|#800026|᱗᱖,᱐᱐᱐ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ}} </div>]] {{Main|ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ}} ᱰᱤ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱨᱟᱝᱥ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱠᱷᱟᱸᱰᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱱᱚᱥᱴᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ [[ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ|ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ]], [[ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ|ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ]], ᱟᱨ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱰᱤ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱥᱴᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ "ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ" ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱰᱤ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱱᱚᱥᱴᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱚᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱱᱚᱥᱴᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱜᱽ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ === ᱜᱩᱱ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ === {{Main|ᱜᱩᱱ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ}} ᱠᱤᱣ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ.ᱮᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱥᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱥᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ [[ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱱ (ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ)|ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱱ]] ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱟ: ᱡᱩᱫᱤ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱱᱚᱝ ᱢᱤᱫ (ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ) ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ, ᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱱᱚᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ (ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ) ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾ QALY ᱦᱤᱥᱟᱹᱵᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱜᱚᱱᱚᱝ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱮᱦᱟᱸᱰ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱥᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚᱦᱚᱭᱟ᱾ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ: ᱚᱱᱠᱟᱱ ᱴᱮᱠᱱᱤᱠ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱚᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱯᱚᱥᱚᱱᱫᱽ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱡᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱠᱚᱞ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟ, ᱥᱟᱨᱵᱷᱮ ᱥᱮ ᱵᱤᱥᱞᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱚᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱤᱪᱷᱟᱹ ᱟᱱᱢᱟᱱᱟ, ᱥᱮ ᱚᱱᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱚᱱᱛᱨᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱤᱠᱤᱪᱷᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱥᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱟᱥᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱮᱦᱟᱸᱰ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref name="etches2006" /> === ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ === {{Main|ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ|ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ}} ᱕ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱰᱤ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ.ᱮᱥ ᱥᱮ ᱠᱤᱣ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ.ᱮᱥ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱥᱩᱱᱤᱨᱫᱤᱥᱴᱚ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ|ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ]] ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱮᱢ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱮᱡ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱥᱚᱠᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Mulholland E, Smith L, Carneiro I, Becher H, Lehmann D | title = Equity and child-survival strategies | journal = Bulletin of the World Health Organization | volume = 86 | issue = 5 | pages = 399–407 | date = May 2008 | pmid = 18545743 | pmc = 2647438 | doi = 10.2471/BLT.07.044545 }}</ref> === ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱨ === {{Main|ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱨ}} ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱨᱮ [[ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱨ|ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱨ]], [[ᱯᱨᱚᱵᱚᱞᱚᱛᱟ|ᱯᱨᱚᱵᱚᱞᱚᱛᱟ]], ᱟᱨ [[ᱡᱚᱜᱽ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ|ᱡᱚᱜᱽ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ]] ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱚᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ ᱮ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱚᱪᱚᱭᱟ᱾ ᱡᱩᱫᱤᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱤᱫᱼᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱞ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱨᱚᱠᱟᱥᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱚᱱᱩᱯᱟᱛ ᱥᱮ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱨᱚᱠᱟᱥᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ == ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ == {{see also|ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱜᱟᱨ}} [[File:Life expectancy by world region since 1770, OWID.svg|thumb|᱑᱗᱗᱐ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱒᱐᱑᱘ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ, ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱟᱥᱟ]] ᱑᱙᱔᱕ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ [[ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ]] ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ [[ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱮᱸᱠ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ]] ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱥᱚᱯᱚᱦᱚᱫ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱑᱙᱔᱘ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ, ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱫ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ]] ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱑᱙᱔᱗ ᱟᱨ ᱑᱙᱔᱘ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱨ (ᱤᱡᱤᱯᱴ) ᱨᱮ ᱒᱐,᱐᱐᱐ ᱦᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱨᱟ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮ ᱩᱫᱽᱜᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web|title=History of WHO|author=World Health Organization|url=https://www.who.int/library/historical/access/who/index.en.shtml|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061207150944/http://www.who.int/library/historical/access/who/index.en.shtml|archive-date=2006-12-07}}</ref> ᱰᱟᱵᱽᱞᱩ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ.ᱳ (WHO) ᱟᱡᱟᱜ [[WHO ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱨᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱰᱮᱞ ᱞᱤᱥᱴᱤ|ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱨᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱰᱮᱞ ᱞᱤᱥᱴᱤ]] ᱮ ᱪᱷᱟᱯᱟ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱑᱙۷᱘ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ [[ᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱟᱴᱟ ᱜᱷᱳᱥᱱᱟ]] ᱫᱚ [[ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱛ ᱮ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite report|title=Primary Health Care: Report of the International Conference on Primary Health Care|location=Geneva|publisher=World Health Organization|year=1978|url=http://www.unicef.org/about/history/files/Alma_Ata_conference_1978_report.pdf|access-date=2014-05-06|archive-date=2017-08-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170829195121/https://www.unicef.org/about/history/files/Alma_Ata_conference_1978_report.pdf}}</ref> ᱒᱐᱐᱐ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱢᱤᱴ ᱨᱮ, ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱫ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱤᱨᱟᱹᱞ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ [[ᱢᱤᱞᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱡᱚᱥ]] (MDGs) ᱠᱚ ᱜᱷᱳᱥᱱᱟ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ,<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Kumar S, Kumar N, Vivekadhish S | title = Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): Addressing Unfinished Agenda and Strengthening Sustainable Development and Partnership | journal = Indian Journal of Community Medicine | volume = 41 | issue = 1 | pages = 1–4 | date = January–March 2016 | pmid = 26917865 | pmc = 4746946 | doi = 10.4103/0970-0218.170955 | doi-access = free }}</ref> ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱑᱕ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web|title=Resolution adopted by the General Assembly, 55/2|date=18 September 2000|publisher=United Nations|url=https://www.un.org/millennium/declaration/ares552e.pdf}}</ref> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱜᱷᱳᱥᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱟᱱ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱤᱡ ᱟᱨ ᱧᱟᱢᱤᱡ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱚᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱤᱱᱤᱭᱳᱜᱽ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱮᱢ.ᱰᱤ.ᱡᱤ (MDG) ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱴᱷᱟᱢᱳ ᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱞᱟᱦᱟᱱᱛᱤ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref name=":0">{{Cite web | url = https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/post2015/transformingourworld | title = Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development .:. Sustainable Development Knowledge Platform | website = sustainabledevelopment.un.org | access-date = 2016-02-26 }}</ref> ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ, ᱞᱟᱦᱟᱱᱛᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ-ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ [[ᱮᱸᱜᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ|ᱮᱸᱜᱟᱛ]], ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ [[ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱮᱢ.ᱰᱤ.ᱡᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾<ref name=":0" /> ᱮᱢ.ᱰᱤ.ᱡᱤ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱮᱦᱟᱸᱰ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱒᱐᱑᱖-᱒᱐᱓᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱑᱗ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ [[ᱴᱮᱠᱥᱚᱭ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱠᱚ]] (SDGs) ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱴᱮᱠᱥᱚᱭ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱰᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref name=":0" /> ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ [[ᱴᱮᱠᱥᱚᱭ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱑|ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱪᱟᱵᱟᱭ]] ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱤᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ᱾<ref name=":1">{{Cite web | url = http://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/sdgoverview/ | title = Sustainable Development Goals | website = UNDP | access-date = 2016-02-26 | archive-date = 2016-03-04 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160304031536/http://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/sdgoverview/ }}</ref> ᱒᱕ ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱑᱕ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ, ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱑᱙᱓ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱒᱐᱓᱐ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱰᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱯᱱᱟᱨ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ''ᱟᱵᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ: ᱴᱮᱠᱥᱚᱭ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱒᱐᱓᱐ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱰᱟ''᱾<ref name=":1" /> ᱒᱐᱐᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱫᱚᱥᱚᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱒᱐᱐᱐ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱤᱠᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ [[ᱜᱟᱵᱷᱤ]], ᱒᱐᱐᱒ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ [[ᱮᱰᱥ, ᱴᱤᱵᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱞᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱥᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱯᱷᱟᱱᱰ]], ᱒᱐᱐᱓ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ [[ᱮᱰᱥ ᱨᱮᱞᱤᱯᱷ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱜᱚᱢᱠᱮ ᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱢᱟᱨᱡᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱯᱞᱮᱱ]], ᱟᱨ ᱒᱐᱐᱕ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ [[ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱜᱚᱢᱠᱮ ᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱞᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ]] ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚᱥᱚᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱨ [[ᱢᱚᱱᱴᱮᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱱᱥᱮᱱᱥᱟᱥ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ (ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱹᱵᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱡᱳᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱯᱟᱸᱡᱟ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ),<ref>{{cite news | vauthors = Price N |title=Countries gather to fight poverty |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/647423631/ |access-date=21 November 2022 |work=The Sacramento Bee |date=March 23, 2002 |page=A13 }}</ref> ᱥᱩᱢᱩᱝ ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱚᱪ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱢᱟᱱ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱡᱳᱨ ᱮᱢ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web | vauthors = Mark Dybul M | work = The Catalyst | publisher = George W. Bush Institute | url = https://www.bushcenter.org/catalyst/africa/dybul-advance-of-global-health.html | title = How HIV, SARS, and Ebola Put Global Health on the Agenda | date = Summer 2017 }}</ref> ᱒᱐᱑᱕ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ''[[ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ]]'' ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱪᱷᱟᱯᱟ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱮᱦᱮᱧᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱑᱐᱐ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Hoffman SJ | title = Ending medical complicity in state-sponsored torture | journal = Lancet | volume = 378 | issue = 9802 | pages = 1535–7 | date = October 2011 | pmid = 21944647 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(11)60816-7 | ssrn = 2725729 | s2cid = 45829194 }}</ref> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ [[ᱵᱤᱞ ᱠᱞᱤᱱᱴᱚᱱ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ [[ᱯᱤᱴᱟᱨ ᱯᱤᱭᱳᱴ]] ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ, ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱠᱤᱞᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱠᱚ ᱚᱞ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ, ᱟᱨ [[ᱴᱤᱠᱟᱹ]] ᱠᱚ, [[ᱮᱱᱴᱤᱢᱟᱭᱠᱨᱳᱵᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱴᱮᱠᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ]], [[ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱦᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ|ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ]], [[ᱫᱷᱩᱸᱜᱟᱹ ᱧᱩ|ᱛᱷᱟᱢᱟᱠᱩᱨ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ]], ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ, [[ᱦᱚᱭᱦᱤᱥᱤᱫ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ]], ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ, ᱨᱟᱱ ᱧᱟᱢ, ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱚᱵᱷᱟᱨᱮᱡᱽ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱛᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱥᱟᱢᱨᱟᱡᱽᱭᱚᱵᱟᱫᱤ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱰᱤᱠᱚᱞᱳᱱᱟᱭᱡᱮᱥᱚᱱ (decolonisation) ᱥᱮ ᱩᱯᱚᱱᱤᱵᱮᱥᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱟᱹᱵᱤ ᱨᱟᱠᱟᱵ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=Kwete X, Tang K, Chen L, Ren R, Chen Q, Wu Z, Cai Y, Li H |date=January 2022 |title=Decolonizing global health: what should be the target of this movement and where does it lead us? |journal=Global Health Research and Policy |volume=7 |issue=1 |article-number=3 |doi=10.1186/s41256-022-00237-3 |pmc=8784247 |pmid=35067229 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Rasheed MA |date=December 2021 |title=Navigating the violent process of decolonisation in global health research: a guideline |journal=The Lancet. Global Health |volume=9 |issue=12 |pages=e1640–1 |doi=10.1016/S2214-109X(21)00440-X |pmid=34798014 |s2cid=244286291 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Affun-Adegbulu C, Adegbulu O |date=August 2020 |title=Decolonising Global (Public) Health: from Western universalism to Global pluriversalities |journal=BMJ Global Health |volume=5 |issue=8 |article-number=e002947 |doi=10.1136/bmjgh-2020-002947 |pmc=7443258 |pmid=32819916 |s2cid=221220715}}</ref> ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱤᱠᱳᱥᱤᱥᱴᱮᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱢᱚᱱᱛᱚᱵᱟᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱴᱷᱟᱢᱳ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ-ᱟᱭ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱥᱚᱸᱥᱛᱷᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱢᱨᱟᱡᱽᱭᱚᱵᱟᱫᱤ "ᱢᱩᱠᱩᱴ" ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Keshri VR, Bhaumik S |date=September 2022 |title=The feudal structure of global health and its implications for decolonisation |journal=BMJ Global Health |volume=7 |issue=9 |article-number=e010603 |doi=10.1136/bmjgh-2022-010603 |pmc=9516156 |pmid=36167407 |s2cid=252565623}}</ref> == ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱛᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ == === ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲᱚᱜ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ === ==== ᱥᱟᱦᱮᱫ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ==== {{Main|ᱥᱟᱦᱮᱫ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ}} ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱮᱫ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱞᱩᱛᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱮᱢᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref name="Lopez AD 2006">{{cite journal | vauthors = Lopez AD, Mathers CD, Ezzati M, Jamison DT, Murray CJ | title = Global and regional burden of disease and risk factors, 2001: systematic analysis of population health data | journal = Lancet | volume = 367 | issue = 9524 | pages = 1747–57 | date = May 2006 | pmid = 16731270 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(06)68770-9 | s2cid = 22609505 }}</ref> ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱛ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱦᱮᱫ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ [[ᱴᱤᱵᱷᱤ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ]], [[ᱦᱟᱢ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ]], [[ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱞᱩᱭᱮᱱᱡᱟ]], [[ᱠᱳᱨᱳᱱᱟᱵᱷᱟᱭᱨᱟᱥ|ᱠᱳᱨᱳᱱᱟᱵᱷᱟᱭᱨᱟᱥ ᱠᱚ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱱᱤᱣᱢᱳᱱᱤᱭᱟ]] ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱛᱷᱟᱠᱨᱚᱢᱮ ''[[ᱢᱟᱭᱠᱳᱵᱮᱠᱴᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱴᱤᱣᱵᱟᱨᱠᱤᱣᱞᱳᱥᱤᱥ]]'', ''[[ᱢᱚᱨᱵᱤᱞᱤᱵᱷᱟᱭᱨᱟᱥ]]'', ''[[ᱦᱤᱢᱳᱯᱷᱤᱞᱟᱥ ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱞᱩᱭᱮᱱᱡᱤ]]'' ᱟᱨ ''[[ᱱᱤᱣᱢᱳᱠᱳᱠᱟᱭ]]'' ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱥᱟᱦᱮᱫ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱤᱲ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤᱜᱼᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ ᱫᱚ [[ᱯᱷᱩᱥᱯᱷᱩᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱡᱷᱟ ᱒᱐ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱵᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱯᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Mizgerd JP | title = Lung infection--a public health priority | journal = PLOS Medicine | volume = 3 | issue = 2 | article-number = e76 | date = February 2006 | pmid = 16401173 | pmc = 1326257 | doi = 10.1371/journal.pmed.0030076 | doi-access = free }}</ref> ==== ᱰᱟᱭᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ==== {{Main|ᱰᱟᱭᱨᱤᱭᱟ}} [[ᱰᱟᱭᱨᱤᱭᱟ]] ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱕ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱑᱗% ᱜᱩᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱟᱹᱭᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.childinfo.org/709.htm |title=Statistics by Area — Diarrhoeal disease — The challenge |publisher=UNICEF |access-date=2013-01-12}}</ref> ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡ [[sanitation|ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱪᱟ ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱪᱤ]] ᱫᱚ ᱫᱟᱜ, ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ, ᱵᱟᱹᱴᱤ ᱛᱷᱟᱹᱨᱤ, ᱛᱤ, ᱟᱨ ᱨᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱠᱴᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱟᱭᱨᱟᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱰᱟᱭᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱤᱠᱤᱪᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ [[ᱢᱚᱪᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱯᱮᱨᱮᱡ ᱛᱤᱠᱤᱪᱷᱟ]] ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱣ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱮᱭ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱚᱪᱚᱭᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Taylor CE, Greenough WB | title = Control of diarrheal diseases | journal = Annual Review of Public Health | volume = 10 | pages = 221–244 | year = 1989 | pmid = 2655632 | doi = 10.1146/annurev.pu.10.050189.001253 | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Victora CG, Bryce J, Fontaine O, Monasch R | title = Reducing deaths from diarrhoea through oral rehydration therapy | journal = Bulletin of the World Health Organization | volume = 78 | issue = 10 | pages = 1246–55 | year = 2000 | pmid = 11100619 | pmc = 2560623 }}</ref> ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱩᱥᱴᱤ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ [[ᱛᱳᱣᱟ ᱧᱩ ᱚᱪᱚ]] ᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱸᱠ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱮᱢ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱡᱩᱫᱤᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱩᱢᱩᱝ ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱪᱟ ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱪᱤ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ [[ᱨᱳᱴᱟᱵᱷᱟᱭᱨᱟᱥ]] ᱰᱟᱭᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱴᱮᱠᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱡᱚᱛᱷᱮᱥᱴᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.rotavirusvaccine.org/documents/WHO_position_paper_rotavirus_2007_000.pdf |title=Rotavirus Vaccine Access and Delivery — PATH |publisher=Rotavirusvaccine.org |date=2011-12-07 |access-date=2013-01-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091222043141/http://www.rotavirusvaccine.org/documents/WHO_position_paper_rotavirus_2007_000.pdf |archive-date=2009-12-22 }}</ref> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱚᱪ ᱟᱱ ᱴᱤᱠᱟᱹ ᱛᱮ ᱴᱮᱠᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Valencia-Mendoza A, Bertozzi SM, Gutierrez JP, Itzler R | title = Cost-effectiveness of introducing a rotavirus vaccine in developing countries: the case of Mexico | journal = BMC Infectious Diseases | volume = 8 | article-number = 103 | date = July 2008 | pmid = 18664280 | pmc = 2527317 | doi = 10.1186/1471-2334-8-103 | doi-access = free }}</ref> == ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ == == ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱮ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝᱼᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱛᱮᱛᱮᱫ ᱠᱚ == == ᱜᱚᱱᱚᱴᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ == == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}} == ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ == 4ohrfu7ld7f27brf1kr98eu6a7j2ssz 194425 194423 2026-07-13T10:25:12Z ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱗ 1744 /* ᱰᱟᱭᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ */ 194425 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱯᱨᱮᱠᱷᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ}} {{For|ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱰᱟᱴᱟᱵᱮᱥ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ|ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱰᱟᱴᱟᱵᱮᱥ}} {{pp-vandalism|small=yes}} [[File:World Health Organisation building from south.jpg|thumb| [[ᱡᱮᱱᱮᱵᱷᱟ]], [[ᱥᱩᱭᱡᱟᱨᱞᱮᱱᱰ]] ᱨᱮ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ]]]] '''ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ''' ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱠᱟᱱᱟ;<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Brown TM, Cueto M, Fee E | title = The World Health Organization and the transition of "international" to "global" public health | journal = American Journal of Public Health | volume = 96 | issue = 1 | pages = 62–72 | date = January 2006 | pmid = 16322464 | pmc = 1470434 | doi = 10.2105/AJPH.2004.050831 }}</ref> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ "ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ, [[ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ]], ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱛ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ"᱾<ref name="Koplan">{{cite journal | vauthors = Koplan JP, Bond TC, Merson MH, Reddy KS, Rodriguez MH, Sewankambo NK, Wasserheit JN | title = Towards a common definition of global health | journal = Lancet | volume = 373 | issue = 9679 | pages = 1993–5 | date = June 2009 | pmid = 19493564 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60332-9 | pmc = 9905260 | bibcode = 2009Lanc..373.1993K | s2cid = 6919716 | citeseerx = 10.1.1.610.7968 }}</ref> ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱤᱡᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱮᱢᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱡᱳᱨ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite book | last = Global Health Initiative | title = Why Global Health Matters | publisher = FamiliesUSA | year = 2008 | location = Washington, DC | url = http://www.familiesusa.org/issues/global-health/matters/ | access-date = 2008-06-10 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110308223639/http://www.familiesusa.org/issues/global-health/matters/ | archive-date = 2011-03-08 }}</ref> ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ, ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ([[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ|ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ]]), [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱮᱫ|ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱮᱫ]] ᱠᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱱ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ,<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Macfarlane SB, Jacobs M, Kaaya EE | title = In the name of global health: trends in academic institutions | journal = Journal of Public Health Policy | volume = 29 | issue = 4 | pages = 383–401 | date = December 2008 | pmid = 19079297 | doi = 10.1057/jphp.2008.25 | s2cid = 46424271 }}</ref><ref name="pmid32381654">{{cite journal | vauthors = Fischer SE, Patil P, Zielinski C, Baxter L, Bonilla-Escobar FJ, Hussain S, Lai C, Walpole SC, Ohanyido F, Flood D, Singh A, Al-Shorbaji N | display-authors = 6 | title = Is it about the 'where' or the 'how'? Comment on ''Defining global health as public health somewhere else'' | journal = BMJ Global Health | volume = 5 | issue = 5 | date = May 2020 | article-number = e002567 | pmid = 32381654 | pmc = 7223010 | doi = 10.1136/bmjgh-2020-002567 }}</ref> ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱱᱚᱡᱚᱨ ᱛᱮ [[ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱤᱥᱴᱤ|ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱥᱴᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ]] ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱜᱩᱞᱢᱟᱹᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱫᱤᱥᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱰᱟᱹᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ|ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ|ᱥᱤᱞᱯᱚ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ]] ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ [[ᱜᱚᱲᱚ|ᱵᱤᱫᱮᱥ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ]] ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite book |vauthors=White F, Nanan DJ |chapter=International and Global Health | veditors = Wallace RB |title= Maxcy-Rosenau-Last Public Health and Preventive Medicine |publisher=McGraw Hill |year=2008 |isbn=978-0-07-144198-8 |pages=1252–8 |edition=15th}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|title=Comparing Approaches to Research in Global and International Health: An Exploratory Study|journal=Annals of Global Health|date=2020-04-29|issn=2214-9996|pmc=7193757|pmid=32377512|pages=47|volume=86|issue=1|doi=10.5334/aogh.2799|first1=Kristy C. Y.|last1=Yiu|first2=Eva Merethe|last2=Solum|first3=Deborah D.|last3=DiLiberto|first4=Steffen|last4=Torp |doi-access=free }}</ref> ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ [[ᱟᱡᱟᱨ]] ᱠᱚ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜᱟᱜ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱨᱮ [[ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱟᱥᱟ]] ᱠᱚᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ᱾ ᱟᱸᱫᱟᱡᱽ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ, ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱟᱥᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱓᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ (ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ [[ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ]] ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ)᱾<ref>{{Cite journal| vauthors = [[Max Roser|Roser M]], Ortiz-Ospina E, [[Hannah Ritchie|Ritchie H]] |date=2013-05-23|title=Life Expectancy|url=https://ourworldindata.org/life-expectancy|journal=Our World in Data}}</ref> ᱮᱴᱟᱜ<!--related and similar--> ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱥᱟᱢᱚᱜᱽᱨᱤᱠ ᱫᱤᱥᱴᱤᱵᱷᱚᱝᱜᱤ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱤᱥᱴᱤ|ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ]] ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ]] ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Conrad PA, Meek LA, Dumit J | title = Operationalizing a One Health approach to global health challenges | journal = Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases | volume = 36 | issue = 3 | pages = 211–6 | date = May 2013 | pmid = 23711930 | doi = 10.1016/j.cimid.2013.03.006 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Hernando-Amado S, Coque TM, Baquero F, Martínez JL | title = Defining and combating antibiotic resistance from One Health and Global Health perspectives | journal = Nature Microbiology | volume = 4 | issue = 9 | pages = 1432–42 | date = September 2019 | pmid = 31439928 | doi = 10.1038/s41564-019-0503-9 | s2cid = 201283254 | url = https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/srhreports/health/health/43 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Sinclair JR | title = Importance of a One Health approach in advancing global health security and the Sustainable Development Goals | journal = Revue Scientifique et Technique | volume = 38 | issue = 1 | pages = 145–154 | date = May 2019 | pmid = 31564744 | doi = 10.20506/rst.38.1.2949 | s2cid = 203608381 }}</ref> ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ (ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ) ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱯᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ]] (WHO)᱾ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ [[ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱥᱮᱯᱷ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱯᱨᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ]] (WFP)᱾ [[ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ]] ᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ ᱩᱯᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ|ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ-ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱩᱯᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ]] ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ [[ᱢᱤᱞᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱡᱚᱥ]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/ |title=Millennium Development Goals |publisher=United Nations |access-date=2013-03-15}}</ref> ᱟᱨ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜᱟᱜ [[ᱴᱮᱠᱥᱚᱭ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱠᱚ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱷᱳᱥᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱮᱱᱮᱢᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱨᱤ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱠᱚ, ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ WHO, ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣᱮᱫᱟᱭ᱾ == ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ == [[File:Open Global Health at OpenCon 2015.jpg|thumb|ᱳᱯᱮᱱᱠᱚᱱ ᱒᱐᱑᱕ ᱨᱮ ᱳᱯᱮᱱ ᱜᱞᱳᱵᱟᱞ ᱦᱮᱞᱛᱷ]] ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱴᱤᱵᱷᱚᱝᱜᱤ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱯᱨᱮᱠᱷᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱯᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ * [[ᱨᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ]] ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱯᱮᱛᱷᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ]] ᱮ ᱵᱚᱨᱱᱚᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ [[ᱴᱮᱠᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ|ᱴᱮᱠᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ]], [[ᱨᱳᱜᱽ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹᱣ]], ᱟᱨ [[ᱛᱤᱠᱤᱪᱷᱟ]] ᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Weatherall DJ, Clegg JB | title = Inherited haemoglobin disorders: an increasing global health problem | journal = Bulletin of the World Health Organization | volume = 79 | issue = 8 | pages = 704–712 | year = 2001 | pmid = 11545326 | pmc = 2566499 }}</ref> * [[ᱫᱤᱥᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱳᱨ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Fried LP, Bentley ME, Buekens P, Burke DS, Frenk JJ, Klag MJ, Spencer HC | title = Global health is public health | journal = Lancet | volume = 375 | issue = 9714 | pages = 535–7 | date = February 2010 | pmid = 20159277 | doi = 10.1016/s0140-6736(10)60203-6 | s2cid = 38796542 }}</ref> * [[ᱮᱯᱤᱰᱮᱢᱤᱭᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ]] ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ ᱩᱯᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Ahern M, Kovats RS, Wilkinson P, Few R, Matthies F | title = Global health impacts of floods: epidemiologic evidence | journal = Epidemiologic Reviews | volume = 27 | issue = 1 | pages = 36–46 | year = 2005 | pmid = 15958425 | doi = 10.1093/epirev/mxi004 | doi-access = free }}</ref> * [[ᱰᱮᱢᱚᱜᱨᱟᱯᱷᱤ]] ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱰᱟᱴᱟ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite book | vauthors = Verano JW, Ubelake DH |title=Disease and demography in the Americas |date=1992 |publisher=Smithsonian Institution Press |location=Washington |isbn=978-1-56098-163-3}}</ref> * [[ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ]] ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱯᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱚᱪ-ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱚᱪ-ᱞᱟᱵᱷ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱳᱨ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite report | vauthors = Bloom DE, Cafiero E, Jané-Llopis E, Abrahams-Gessel S, Bloom LR, Fathima S, Feigl AB, Gaziano T, Hamandi A, Mowafi M, O'Farrell D | display-authors = 6 | title = The global economic burden of noncommunicable diseases. | work = Program on the Global Demography of Aging | date = January 2012 | url = https://ideas.repec.org/p/gdm/wpaper/8712.html }}</ref> * ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ]], [[ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ]], [[ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ]], [[ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ]], [[ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ]], ᱟᱨ [[ᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱨᱤ]] ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱯᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱮᱢ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱜᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ [[ᱱᱤᱛᱤᱥᱟᱥᱛᱨᱚ|ᱱᱤᱛᱤᱜᱚᱛ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱟᱹᱭᱫᱟᱹᱨᱤ]] ᱠᱚ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱠᱩᱠᱞᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝᱼᱟ᱾ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱᱚᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱝ-ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱩᱠᱛᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱠᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟᱱ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱤᱛᱷᱤᱠᱥ/ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱼᱤᱛᱷᱤᱠᱥ ᱠᱟᱣᱩᱱᱥᱤᱞ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱨ-ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱞᱳᱵᱟᱞ ᱥᱟᱢᱤᱴ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.globalsummit-berlin2016.de/ | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190404102034/https://www.globalsummit-berlin2016.de/ | archive-date = 4 April 2019 | title = Global Summits of National Ethics/Bioethics Councils | location = Berlin | date = 2016 }}</ref> == ᱢᱟᱯ ᱠᱚ == ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ [[ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ|ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ]] (ᱰᱤ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ), [[ᱜᱩᱱ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ|ᱜᱩᱱ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ]] (ᱠᱤᱣ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ.ᱮᱥ), ᱟᱨ [[ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱦᱟᱨ|ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱦᱟᱨ]] ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref name="etches2006">{{cite journal | vauthors = Etches V, Frank J, Di Ruggiero E, Manuel D | title = Measuring population health: a review of indicators | journal = Annual Review of Public Health | volume = 27 | pages = 29–55 | year = 2006 | pmid = 16533108 | doi = 10.1146/annurev.publhealth.27.021405.102141 | doi-access = free }}</ref> === ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ === [[Image:All causes DALYs per 100,000 people gradient world map (2021).svg|thumb|᱒᱐᱒᱑ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱑᱐᱐,᱐᱐᱐ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱯᱤᱪᱷᱤ ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ:<div style="text-align: left"> {{legend|#e0e0e0|ᱰᱟᱴᱟ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜᱼᱟ}} {{legend|#ffffcc|᱒۳,᱕᱐᱐ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ}} {{legend|#ffeda0|᱒᱓,᱕᱐᱐-᱓᱑,᱐᱐᱐}} {{legend|#fed976|᱓᱑,᱐᱐᱐-᱓᱘,᱕᱐᱐}} {{legend|#feb24c|᱓᱘,᱕᱐᱐-᱔᱖,᱐᱐᱐}} {{legend|#fd8d3c|᱔᱖,᱐᱐᱐-᱕᱓,᱕᱐᱐}} {{legend|#fc4e2a|᱕᱓,᱕᱐᱐-᱖᱑,᱐᱐᱐}} {{legend|#e31a1c|᱖᱑,᱐᱐᱐-᱖᱘,᱕᱐᱐}} {{legend|#bd0026|᱖᱘,᱕᱐᱐-᱗᱖,᱐᱐᱐}} {{legend|#800026|᱗᱖,᱐᱐᱐ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ}} </div>]] {{Main|ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ}} ᱰᱤ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱨᱟᱝᱥ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱠᱷᱟᱸᱰᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱱᱚᱥᱴᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ [[ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ|ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ]], [[ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ|ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ]], ᱟᱨ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱰᱤ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱥᱴᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ "ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ" ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱰᱤ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱱᱚᱥᱴᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱚᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱱᱚᱥᱴᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱜᱽ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ === ᱜᱩᱱ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ === {{Main|ᱜᱩᱱ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ}} ᱠᱤᱣ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ.ᱮᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱥᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱥᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ [[ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱱ (ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ)|ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱱ]] ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱟ: ᱡᱩᱫᱤ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱱᱚᱝ ᱢᱤᱫ (ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ) ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ, ᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱱᱚᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ (ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ) ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾ QALY ᱦᱤᱥᱟᱹᱵᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱜᱚᱱᱚᱝ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱮᱦᱟᱸᱰ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱥᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚᱦᱚᱭᱟ᱾ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ: ᱚᱱᱠᱟᱱ ᱴᱮᱠᱱᱤᱠ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱚᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱯᱚᱥᱚᱱᱫᱽ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱡᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱠᱚᱞ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟ, ᱥᱟᱨᱵᱷᱮ ᱥᱮ ᱵᱤᱥᱞᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱚᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱤᱪᱷᱟᱹ ᱟᱱᱢᱟᱱᱟ, ᱥᱮ ᱚᱱᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱚᱱᱛᱨᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱤᱠᱤᱪᱷᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱥᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱟᱥᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱮᱦᱟᱸᱰ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref name="etches2006" /> === ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ === {{Main|ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ|ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ}} ᱕ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱰᱤ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ.ᱮᱥ ᱥᱮ ᱠᱤᱣ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ.ᱮᱥ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱥᱩᱱᱤᱨᱫᱤᱥᱴᱚ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ|ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ]] ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱮᱢ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱮᱡ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱥᱚᱠᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Mulholland E, Smith L, Carneiro I, Becher H, Lehmann D | title = Equity and child-survival strategies | journal = Bulletin of the World Health Organization | volume = 86 | issue = 5 | pages = 399–407 | date = May 2008 | pmid = 18545743 | pmc = 2647438 | doi = 10.2471/BLT.07.044545 }}</ref> === ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱨ === {{Main|ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱨ}} ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱨᱮ [[ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱨ|ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱨ]], [[ᱯᱨᱚᱵᱚᱞᱚᱛᱟ|ᱯᱨᱚᱵᱚᱞᱚᱛᱟ]], ᱟᱨ [[ᱡᱚᱜᱽ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ|ᱡᱚᱜᱽ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ]] ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱚᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ ᱮ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱚᱪᱚᱭᱟ᱾ ᱡᱩᱫᱤᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱤᱫᱼᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱞ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱨᱚᱠᱟᱥᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱚᱱᱩᱯᱟᱛ ᱥᱮ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱨᱚᱠᱟᱥᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ == ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ == {{see also|ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱜᱟᱨ}} [[File:Life expectancy by world region since 1770, OWID.svg|thumb|᱑᱗᱗᱐ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱒᱐᱑᱘ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ, ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱟᱥᱟ]] ᱑᱙᱔᱕ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ [[ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ]] ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ [[ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱮᱸᱠ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ]] ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱥᱚᱯᱚᱦᱚᱫ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱑᱙᱔᱘ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ, ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱫ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ]] ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱑᱙᱔᱗ ᱟᱨ ᱑᱙᱔᱘ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱨ (ᱤᱡᱤᱯᱴ) ᱨᱮ ᱒᱐,᱐᱐᱐ ᱦᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱨᱟ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮ ᱩᱫᱽᱜᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web|title=History of WHO|author=World Health Organization|url=https://www.who.int/library/historical/access/who/index.en.shtml|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061207150944/http://www.who.int/library/historical/access/who/index.en.shtml|archive-date=2006-12-07}}</ref> ᱰᱟᱵᱽᱞᱩ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ.ᱳ (WHO) ᱟᱡᱟᱜ [[WHO ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱨᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱰᱮᱞ ᱞᱤᱥᱴᱤ|ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱨᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱰᱮᱞ ᱞᱤᱥᱴᱤ]] ᱮ ᱪᱷᱟᱯᱟ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱑᱙۷᱘ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ [[ᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱟᱴᱟ ᱜᱷᱳᱥᱱᱟ]] ᱫᱚ [[ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱛ ᱮ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite report|title=Primary Health Care: Report of the International Conference on Primary Health Care|location=Geneva|publisher=World Health Organization|year=1978|url=http://www.unicef.org/about/history/files/Alma_Ata_conference_1978_report.pdf|access-date=2014-05-06|archive-date=2017-08-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170829195121/https://www.unicef.org/about/history/files/Alma_Ata_conference_1978_report.pdf}}</ref> ᱒᱐᱐᱐ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱢᱤᱴ ᱨᱮ, ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱫ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱤᱨᱟᱹᱞ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ [[ᱢᱤᱞᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱡᱚᱥ]] (MDGs) ᱠᱚ ᱜᱷᱳᱥᱱᱟ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ,<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Kumar S, Kumar N, Vivekadhish S | title = Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): Addressing Unfinished Agenda and Strengthening Sustainable Development and Partnership | journal = Indian Journal of Community Medicine | volume = 41 | issue = 1 | pages = 1–4 | date = January–March 2016 | pmid = 26917865 | pmc = 4746946 | doi = 10.4103/0970-0218.170955 | doi-access = free }}</ref> ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱑᱕ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web|title=Resolution adopted by the General Assembly, 55/2|date=18 September 2000|publisher=United Nations|url=https://www.un.org/millennium/declaration/ares552e.pdf}}</ref> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱜᱷᱳᱥᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱟᱱ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱤᱡ ᱟᱨ ᱧᱟᱢᱤᱡ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱚᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱤᱱᱤᱭᱳᱜᱽ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱮᱢ.ᱰᱤ.ᱡᱤ (MDG) ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱴᱷᱟᱢᱳ ᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱞᱟᱦᱟᱱᱛᱤ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref name=":0">{{Cite web | url = https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/post2015/transformingourworld | title = Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development .:. Sustainable Development Knowledge Platform | website = sustainabledevelopment.un.org | access-date = 2016-02-26 }}</ref> ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ, ᱞᱟᱦᱟᱱᱛᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ-ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ [[ᱮᱸᱜᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ|ᱮᱸᱜᱟᱛ]], ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ [[ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱮᱢ.ᱰᱤ.ᱡᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾<ref name=":0" /> ᱮᱢ.ᱰᱤ.ᱡᱤ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱮᱦᱟᱸᱰ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱒᱐᱑᱖-᱒᱐᱓᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱑᱗ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ [[ᱴᱮᱠᱥᱚᱭ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱠᱚ]] (SDGs) ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱴᱮᱠᱥᱚᱭ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱰᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref name=":0" /> ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ [[ᱴᱮᱠᱥᱚᱭ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱑|ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱪᱟᱵᱟᱭ]] ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱤᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ᱾<ref name=":1">{{Cite web | url = http://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/sdgoverview/ | title = Sustainable Development Goals | website = UNDP | access-date = 2016-02-26 | archive-date = 2016-03-04 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160304031536/http://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/sdgoverview/ }}</ref> ᱒᱕ ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱑᱕ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ, ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱑᱙᱓ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱒᱐᱓᱐ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱰᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱯᱱᱟᱨ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ''ᱟᱵᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ: ᱴᱮᱠᱥᱚᱭ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱒᱐᱓᱐ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱰᱟ''᱾<ref name=":1" /> ᱒᱐᱐᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱫᱚᱥᱚᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱒᱐᱐᱐ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱤᱠᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ [[ᱜᱟᱵᱷᱤ]], ᱒᱐᱐᱒ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ [[ᱮᱰᱥ, ᱴᱤᱵᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱞᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱥᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱯᱷᱟᱱᱰ]], ᱒᱐᱐᱓ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ [[ᱮᱰᱥ ᱨᱮᱞᱤᱯᱷ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱜᱚᱢᱠᱮ ᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱢᱟᱨᱡᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱯᱞᱮᱱ]], ᱟᱨ ᱒᱐᱐᱕ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ [[ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱜᱚᱢᱠᱮ ᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱞᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ]] ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚᱥᱚᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱨ [[ᱢᱚᱱᱴᱮᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱱᱥᱮᱱᱥᱟᱥ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ (ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱹᱵᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱡᱳᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱯᱟᱸᱡᱟ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ),<ref>{{cite news | vauthors = Price N |title=Countries gather to fight poverty |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/647423631/ |access-date=21 November 2022 |work=The Sacramento Bee |date=March 23, 2002 |page=A13 }}</ref> ᱥᱩᱢᱩᱝ ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱚᱪ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱢᱟᱱ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱡᱳᱨ ᱮᱢ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web | vauthors = Mark Dybul M | work = The Catalyst | publisher = George W. Bush Institute | url = https://www.bushcenter.org/catalyst/africa/dybul-advance-of-global-health.html | title = How HIV, SARS, and Ebola Put Global Health on the Agenda | date = Summer 2017 }}</ref> ᱒᱐᱑᱕ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ''[[ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ]]'' ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱪᱷᱟᱯᱟ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱮᱦᱮᱧᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱑᱐᱐ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Hoffman SJ | title = Ending medical complicity in state-sponsored torture | journal = Lancet | volume = 378 | issue = 9802 | pages = 1535–7 | date = October 2011 | pmid = 21944647 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(11)60816-7 | ssrn = 2725729 | s2cid = 45829194 }}</ref> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ [[ᱵᱤᱞ ᱠᱞᱤᱱᱴᱚᱱ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ [[ᱯᱤᱴᱟᱨ ᱯᱤᱭᱳᱴ]] ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ, ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱠᱤᱞᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱠᱚ ᱚᱞ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ, ᱟᱨ [[ᱴᱤᱠᱟᱹ]] ᱠᱚ, [[ᱮᱱᱴᱤᱢᱟᱭᱠᱨᱳᱵᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱴᱮᱠᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ]], [[ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱦᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ|ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ]], [[ᱫᱷᱩᱸᱜᱟᱹ ᱧᱩ|ᱛᱷᱟᱢᱟᱠᱩᱨ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ]], ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ, [[ᱦᱚᱭᱦᱤᱥᱤᱫ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ]], ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ, ᱨᱟᱱ ᱧᱟᱢ, ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱚᱵᱷᱟᱨᱮᱡᱽ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱛᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱥᱟᱢᱨᱟᱡᱽᱭᱚᱵᱟᱫᱤ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱰᱤᱠᱚᱞᱳᱱᱟᱭᱡᱮᱥᱚᱱ (decolonisation) ᱥᱮ ᱩᱯᱚᱱᱤᱵᱮᱥᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱟᱹᱵᱤ ᱨᱟᱠᱟᱵ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=Kwete X, Tang K, Chen L, Ren R, Chen Q, Wu Z, Cai Y, Li H |date=January 2022 |title=Decolonizing global health: what should be the target of this movement and where does it lead us? |journal=Global Health Research and Policy |volume=7 |issue=1 |article-number=3 |doi=10.1186/s41256-022-00237-3 |pmc=8784247 |pmid=35067229 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Rasheed MA |date=December 2021 |title=Navigating the violent process of decolonisation in global health research: a guideline |journal=The Lancet. Global Health |volume=9 |issue=12 |pages=e1640–1 |doi=10.1016/S2214-109X(21)00440-X |pmid=34798014 |s2cid=244286291 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Affun-Adegbulu C, Adegbulu O |date=August 2020 |title=Decolonising Global (Public) Health: from Western universalism to Global pluriversalities |journal=BMJ Global Health |volume=5 |issue=8 |article-number=e002947 |doi=10.1136/bmjgh-2020-002947 |pmc=7443258 |pmid=32819916 |s2cid=221220715}}</ref> ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱤᱠᱳᱥᱤᱥᱴᱮᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱢᱚᱱᱛᱚᱵᱟᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱴᱷᱟᱢᱳ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ-ᱟᱭ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱥᱚᱸᱥᱛᱷᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱢᱨᱟᱡᱽᱭᱚᱵᱟᱫᱤ "ᱢᱩᱠᱩᱴ" ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Keshri VR, Bhaumik S |date=September 2022 |title=The feudal structure of global health and its implications for decolonisation |journal=BMJ Global Health |volume=7 |issue=9 |article-number=e010603 |doi=10.1136/bmjgh-2022-010603 |pmc=9516156 |pmid=36167407 |s2cid=252565623}}</ref> == ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱛᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ == === ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲᱚᱜ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ === ==== ᱥᱟᱦᱮᱫ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ==== {{Main|ᱥᱟᱦᱮᱫ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ}} ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱮᱫ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱞᱩᱛᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱮᱢᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref name="Lopez AD 2006">{{cite journal | vauthors = Lopez AD, Mathers CD, Ezzati M, Jamison DT, Murray CJ | title = Global and regional burden of disease and risk factors, 2001: systematic analysis of population health data | journal = Lancet | volume = 367 | issue = 9524 | pages = 1747–57 | date = May 2006 | pmid = 16731270 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(06)68770-9 | s2cid = 22609505 }}</ref> ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱛ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱦᱮᱫ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ [[ᱴᱤᱵᱷᱤ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ]], [[ᱦᱟᱢ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ]], [[ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱞᱩᱭᱮᱱᱡᱟ]], [[ᱠᱳᱨᱳᱱᱟᱵᱷᱟᱭᱨᱟᱥ|ᱠᱳᱨᱳᱱᱟᱵᱷᱟᱭᱨᱟᱥ ᱠᱚ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱱᱤᱣᱢᱳᱱᱤᱭᱟ]] ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱛᱷᱟᱠᱨᱚᱢᱮ ''[[ᱢᱟᱭᱠᱳᱵᱮᱠᱴᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱴᱤᱣᱵᱟᱨᱠᱤᱣᱞᱳᱥᱤᱥ]]'', ''[[ᱢᱚᱨᱵᱤᱞᱤᱵᱷᱟᱭᱨᱟᱥ]]'', ''[[ᱦᱤᱢᱳᱯᱷᱤᱞᱟᱥ ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱞᱩᱭᱮᱱᱡᱤ]]'' ᱟᱨ ''[[ᱱᱤᱣᱢᱳᱠᱳᱠᱟᱭ]]'' ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱥᱟᱦᱮᱫ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱤᱲ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤᱜᱼᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ ᱫᱚ [[ᱯᱷᱩᱥᱯᱷᱩᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱡᱷᱟ ᱒᱐ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱵᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱯᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Mizgerd JP | title = Lung infection--a public health priority | journal = PLOS Medicine | volume = 3 | issue = 2 | article-number = e76 | date = February 2006 | pmid = 16401173 | pmc = 1326257 | doi = 10.1371/journal.pmed.0030076 | doi-access = free }}</ref> ==== ᱰᱟᱭᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ==== {{Main|ᱰᱟᱭᱨᱤᱭᱟ}} [[ᱰᱟᱭᱨᱤᱭᱟ]] ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱕ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱑᱗% ᱜᱩᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱟᱹᱭᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.childinfo.org/709.htm |title=Statistics by Area — Diarrhoeal disease — The challenge |publisher=UNICEF |access-date=2013-01-12}}</ref> ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡ [[sanitation|ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱪᱟ ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱪᱤ]] ᱫᱚ ᱫᱟᱜ, ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ, ᱵᱟᱹᱴᱤ ᱛᱷᱟᱹᱨᱤ, ᱛᱤ, ᱟᱨ ᱨᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱠᱴᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱟᱭᱨᱟᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱰᱟᱭᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱤᱠᱤᱪᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ [[ᱢᱚᱪᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱯᱮᱨᱮᱡ ᱛᱤᱠᱤᱪᱷᱟ]] ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱣ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱮᱭ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱚᱪᱚᱭᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Taylor CE, Greenough WB | title = Control of diarrheal diseases | journal = Annual Review of Public Health | volume = 10 | pages = 221–244 | year = 1989 | pmid = 2655632 | doi = 10.1146/annurev.pu.10.050189.001253 | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Victora CG, Bryce J, Fontaine O, Monasch R | title = Reducing deaths from diarrhoea through oral rehydration therapy | journal = Bulletin of the World Health Organization | volume = 78 | issue = 10 | pages = 1246–55 | year = 2000 | pmid = 11100619 | pmc = 2560623 }}</ref> ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱩᱥᱴᱤ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ [[ᱛᱳᱣᱟ ᱧᱩ ᱚᱪᱚ]] ᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱸᱠ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱮᱢ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱡᱩᱫᱤᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱩᱢᱩᱝ ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱪᱟ ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱪᱤ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ [[ᱨᱳᱴᱟᱵᱷᱟᱭᱨᱟᱥ]] ᱰᱟᱭᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱴᱮᱠᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱡᱚᱛᱷᱮᱥᱴᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.rotavirusvaccine.org/documents/WHO_position_paper_rotavirus_2007_000.pdf |title=Rotavirus Vaccine Access and Delivery — PATH |publisher=Rotavirusvaccine.org |date=2011-12-07 |access-date=2013-01-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091222043141/http://www.rotavirusvaccine.org/documents/WHO_position_paper_rotavirus_2007_000.pdf |archive-date=2009-12-22 }}</ref> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱚᱪ ᱟᱱ ᱴᱤᱠᱟᱹ ᱛᱮ ᱴᱮᱠᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Valencia-Mendoza A, Bertozzi SM, Gutierrez JP, Itzler R | title = Cost-effectiveness of introducing a rotavirus vaccine in developing countries: the case of Mexico | journal = BMC Infectious Diseases | volume = 8 | article-number = 103 | date = July 2008 | pmid = 18664280 | pmc = 2527317 | doi = 10.1186/1471-2334-8-103 | doi-access = free }}</ref> ==== ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ/ᱮᱰᱥ ==== {{Main|ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ|ᱮᱰᱥ}} ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ/ᱮᱰᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ [[ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ]] ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱟᱹᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱮ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱠᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱯᱟᱸᱡᱟ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱨᱮᱱᱰ ᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾ ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱯᱷᱟᱱᱰ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Coovadia HM, Hadingham J | title = HIV/AIDS: global trends, global funds and delivery bottlenecks | journal = Globalization and Health | volume = 1 | article-number = 13 | date = August 2005 | pmid = 16060961 | pmc = 1199613 | doi = 10.1186/1744-8603-1-13 | doi-access = free }}</ref> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ, ᱗᱐ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ ᱵᱷᱟᱭᱨᱟᱥ ᱛᱮᱠᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱓᱕ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱜᱚᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ, ᱒᱐᱑᱗ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱓᱖.᱙ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ [᱓᱑.᱑–᱔᱓.᱙ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ] ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱟᱸᱫᱟᱡᱽ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱕-᱔᱙ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱐.᱘% [᱐.᱖–᱐.᱙%] ᱥᱮᱬᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ, ᱡᱩᱫᱤᱦᱚᱸ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱡᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ᱾ ᱵᱟᱵᱽᱞᱩ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ.ᱳ ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱣ ᱒᱕ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱮᱬᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱑ ᱦᱚᱲ (᱔.᱑%) ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱯᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{Cite web |title=HIV/AIDS |url=https://www.who.int/gho/hiv/en/ |access-date=2018-11-01 |website=World Health Organization }}</ref> ᱦᱤᱣᱢᱮᱱ ᱤᱢᱤᱭᱩᱱᱳᱰᱮᱯᱷᱤᱥᱤᱭᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱵᱷᱟᱭᱨᱟᱥ (ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ) ᱫᱚ ᱵᱮ-ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱮᱠᱥ, ᱵᱟᱝ-ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱪᱟ ᱥᱩᱭ, [[ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱢ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ]], ᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱥᱮ [[ᱛᱳᱣᱟ ᱧᱩ ᱚᱪᱚ]] ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱮᱸᱜᱟᱛ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ, ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ [[ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ]] ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱠᱚᱢ-ᱟᱭ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱡᱟᱭᱱᱟᱞ ᱥᱮᱠᱥ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱐.᱓᱘% ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱐.᱓% ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{Cite web |title=Estimated HIV transmission risk per exposure for specific activities and events |date=15 May 2020 |url=https://www.aidsmap.com/Estimated-risk-per-exposure/page/1324038/#item1324093}}</ref> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱢᱤᱭᱩᱱ ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱮᱢ ᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱮᱠᱣᱟᱨᱰ ᱤᱢᱤᱭᱩᱱᱳᱰᱮᱯᱷᱤᱥᱤᱭᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱥᱤᱱᱰᱨᱳᱢ (ᱮᱰᱥ) ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾ [[ᱮᱭᱤᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ/ᱮᱰᱥ ᱥᱟᱢᱵᱽᱲᱟᱣ|ᱮᱱᱴᱤᱨᱮᱴᱨᱳᱵᱷᱟᱭᱨᱟᱞ ᱨᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ]] ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱡᱤᱞᱤᱧᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱰᱥ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱚᱪᱚᱭᱟ᱾ == ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ == == ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱮ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝᱼᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱛᱮᱛᱮᱫ ᱠᱚ == == ᱜᱚᱱᱚᱴᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ == == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}} == ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ == i8uy9bydjn9gh4loxbishma9qhprvq5 194426 194425 2026-07-13T10:27:51Z ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱗ 1744 /* ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ/ᱮᱰᱥ */ 194426 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱯᱨᱮᱠᱷᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ}} {{For|ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱰᱟᱴᱟᱵᱮᱥ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ|ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱰᱟᱴᱟᱵᱮᱥ}} {{pp-vandalism|small=yes}} [[File:World Health Organisation building from south.jpg|thumb| [[ᱡᱮᱱᱮᱵᱷᱟ]], [[ᱥᱩᱭᱡᱟᱨᱞᱮᱱᱰ]] ᱨᱮ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ]]]] '''ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ''' ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱠᱟᱱᱟ;<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Brown TM, Cueto M, Fee E | title = The World Health Organization and the transition of "international" to "global" public health | journal = American Journal of Public Health | volume = 96 | issue = 1 | pages = 62–72 | date = January 2006 | pmid = 16322464 | pmc = 1470434 | doi = 10.2105/AJPH.2004.050831 }}</ref> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ "ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ, [[ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ]], ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱛ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ"᱾<ref name="Koplan">{{cite journal | vauthors = Koplan JP, Bond TC, Merson MH, Reddy KS, Rodriguez MH, Sewankambo NK, Wasserheit JN | title = Towards a common definition of global health | journal = Lancet | volume = 373 | issue = 9679 | pages = 1993–5 | date = June 2009 | pmid = 19493564 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60332-9 | pmc = 9905260 | bibcode = 2009Lanc..373.1993K | s2cid = 6919716 | citeseerx = 10.1.1.610.7968 }}</ref> ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱤᱡᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱮᱢᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱡᱳᱨ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite book | last = Global Health Initiative | title = Why Global Health Matters | publisher = FamiliesUSA | year = 2008 | location = Washington, DC | url = http://www.familiesusa.org/issues/global-health/matters/ | access-date = 2008-06-10 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110308223639/http://www.familiesusa.org/issues/global-health/matters/ | archive-date = 2011-03-08 }}</ref> ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ, ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ([[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ|ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ]]), [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱮᱫ|ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱮᱫ]] ᱠᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱱ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ,<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Macfarlane SB, Jacobs M, Kaaya EE | title = In the name of global health: trends in academic institutions | journal = Journal of Public Health Policy | volume = 29 | issue = 4 | pages = 383–401 | date = December 2008 | pmid = 19079297 | doi = 10.1057/jphp.2008.25 | s2cid = 46424271 }}</ref><ref name="pmid32381654">{{cite journal | vauthors = Fischer SE, Patil P, Zielinski C, Baxter L, Bonilla-Escobar FJ, Hussain S, Lai C, Walpole SC, Ohanyido F, Flood D, Singh A, Al-Shorbaji N | display-authors = 6 | title = Is it about the 'where' or the 'how'? Comment on ''Defining global health as public health somewhere else'' | journal = BMJ Global Health | volume = 5 | issue = 5 | date = May 2020 | article-number = e002567 | pmid = 32381654 | pmc = 7223010 | doi = 10.1136/bmjgh-2020-002567 }}</ref> ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱱᱚᱡᱚᱨ ᱛᱮ [[ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱤᱥᱴᱤ|ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱥᱴᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ]] ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱜᱩᱞᱢᱟᱹᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱫᱤᱥᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱰᱟᱹᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ|ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ|ᱥᱤᱞᱯᱚ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ]] ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ [[ᱜᱚᱲᱚ|ᱵᱤᱫᱮᱥ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ]] ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite book |vauthors=White F, Nanan DJ |chapter=International and Global Health | veditors = Wallace RB |title= Maxcy-Rosenau-Last Public Health and Preventive Medicine |publisher=McGraw Hill |year=2008 |isbn=978-0-07-144198-8 |pages=1252–8 |edition=15th}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|title=Comparing Approaches to Research in Global and International Health: An Exploratory Study|journal=Annals of Global Health|date=2020-04-29|issn=2214-9996|pmc=7193757|pmid=32377512|pages=47|volume=86|issue=1|doi=10.5334/aogh.2799|first1=Kristy C. Y.|last1=Yiu|first2=Eva Merethe|last2=Solum|first3=Deborah D.|last3=DiLiberto|first4=Steffen|last4=Torp |doi-access=free }}</ref> ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ [[ᱟᱡᱟᱨ]] ᱠᱚ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜᱟᱜ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱨᱮ [[ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱟᱥᱟ]] ᱠᱚᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ᱾ ᱟᱸᱫᱟᱡᱽ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ, ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱟᱥᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱓᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ (ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ [[ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ]] ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ)᱾<ref>{{Cite journal| vauthors = [[Max Roser|Roser M]], Ortiz-Ospina E, [[Hannah Ritchie|Ritchie H]] |date=2013-05-23|title=Life Expectancy|url=https://ourworldindata.org/life-expectancy|journal=Our World in Data}}</ref> ᱮᱴᱟᱜ<!--related and similar--> ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱥᱟᱢᱚᱜᱽᱨᱤᱠ ᱫᱤᱥᱴᱤᱵᱷᱚᱝᱜᱤ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱤᱥᱴᱤ|ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ]] ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ]] ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Conrad PA, Meek LA, Dumit J | title = Operationalizing a One Health approach to global health challenges | journal = Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases | volume = 36 | issue = 3 | pages = 211–6 | date = May 2013 | pmid = 23711930 | doi = 10.1016/j.cimid.2013.03.006 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Hernando-Amado S, Coque TM, Baquero F, Martínez JL | title = Defining and combating antibiotic resistance from One Health and Global Health perspectives | journal = Nature Microbiology | volume = 4 | issue = 9 | pages = 1432–42 | date = September 2019 | pmid = 31439928 | doi = 10.1038/s41564-019-0503-9 | s2cid = 201283254 | url = https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/srhreports/health/health/43 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Sinclair JR | title = Importance of a One Health approach in advancing global health security and the Sustainable Development Goals | journal = Revue Scientifique et Technique | volume = 38 | issue = 1 | pages = 145–154 | date = May 2019 | pmid = 31564744 | doi = 10.20506/rst.38.1.2949 | s2cid = 203608381 }}</ref> ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ (ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ) ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱯᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ]] (WHO)᱾ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ [[ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱥᱮᱯᱷ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱯᱨᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ]] (WFP)᱾ [[ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ]] ᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ ᱩᱯᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ|ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ-ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱩᱯᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ]] ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ [[ᱢᱤᱞᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱡᱚᱥ]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/ |title=Millennium Development Goals |publisher=United Nations |access-date=2013-03-15}}</ref> ᱟᱨ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜᱟᱜ [[ᱴᱮᱠᱥᱚᱭ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱠᱚ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱷᱳᱥᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱮᱱᱮᱢᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱨᱤ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱠᱚ, ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ WHO, ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣᱮᱫᱟᱭ᱾ == ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ == [[File:Open Global Health at OpenCon 2015.jpg|thumb|ᱳᱯᱮᱱᱠᱚᱱ ᱒᱐᱑᱕ ᱨᱮ ᱳᱯᱮᱱ ᱜᱞᱳᱵᱟᱞ ᱦᱮᱞᱛᱷ]] ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱴᱤᱵᱷᱚᱝᱜᱤ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱯᱨᱮᱠᱷᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱯᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ * [[ᱨᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ]] ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱯᱮᱛᱷᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ]] ᱮ ᱵᱚᱨᱱᱚᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ [[ᱴᱮᱠᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ|ᱴᱮᱠᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ]], [[ᱨᱳᱜᱽ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹᱣ]], ᱟᱨ [[ᱛᱤᱠᱤᱪᱷᱟ]] ᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Weatherall DJ, Clegg JB | title = Inherited haemoglobin disorders: an increasing global health problem | journal = Bulletin of the World Health Organization | volume = 79 | issue = 8 | pages = 704–712 | year = 2001 | pmid = 11545326 | pmc = 2566499 }}</ref> * [[ᱫᱤᱥᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱳᱨ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Fried LP, Bentley ME, Buekens P, Burke DS, Frenk JJ, Klag MJ, Spencer HC | title = Global health is public health | journal = Lancet | volume = 375 | issue = 9714 | pages = 535–7 | date = February 2010 | pmid = 20159277 | doi = 10.1016/s0140-6736(10)60203-6 | s2cid = 38796542 }}</ref> * [[ᱮᱯᱤᱰᱮᱢᱤᱭᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ]] ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ ᱩᱯᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Ahern M, Kovats RS, Wilkinson P, Few R, Matthies F | title = Global health impacts of floods: epidemiologic evidence | journal = Epidemiologic Reviews | volume = 27 | issue = 1 | pages = 36–46 | year = 2005 | pmid = 15958425 | doi = 10.1093/epirev/mxi004 | doi-access = free }}</ref> * [[ᱰᱮᱢᱚᱜᱨᱟᱯᱷᱤ]] ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱰᱟᱴᱟ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite book | vauthors = Verano JW, Ubelake DH |title=Disease and demography in the Americas |date=1992 |publisher=Smithsonian Institution Press |location=Washington |isbn=978-1-56098-163-3}}</ref> * [[ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ]] ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱯᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱚᱪ-ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱚᱪ-ᱞᱟᱵᱷ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱳᱨ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite report | vauthors = Bloom DE, Cafiero E, Jané-Llopis E, Abrahams-Gessel S, Bloom LR, Fathima S, Feigl AB, Gaziano T, Hamandi A, Mowafi M, O'Farrell D | display-authors = 6 | title = The global economic burden of noncommunicable diseases. | work = Program on the Global Demography of Aging | date = January 2012 | url = https://ideas.repec.org/p/gdm/wpaper/8712.html }}</ref> * ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ]], [[ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ]], [[ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ]], [[ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ]], [[ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ]], ᱟᱨ [[ᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱨᱤ]] ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱯᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱮᱢ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱜᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ [[ᱱᱤᱛᱤᱥᱟᱥᱛᱨᱚ|ᱱᱤᱛᱤᱜᱚᱛ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱟᱹᱭᱫᱟᱹᱨᱤ]] ᱠᱚ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱠᱩᱠᱞᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝᱼᱟ᱾ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱᱚᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱝ-ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱩᱠᱛᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱠᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟᱱ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱤᱛᱷᱤᱠᱥ/ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱼᱤᱛᱷᱤᱠᱥ ᱠᱟᱣᱩᱱᱥᱤᱞ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱨ-ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱞᱳᱵᱟᱞ ᱥᱟᱢᱤᱴ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.globalsummit-berlin2016.de/ | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190404102034/https://www.globalsummit-berlin2016.de/ | archive-date = 4 April 2019 | title = Global Summits of National Ethics/Bioethics Councils | location = Berlin | date = 2016 }}</ref> == ᱢᱟᱯ ᱠᱚ == ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ [[ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ|ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ]] (ᱰᱤ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ), [[ᱜᱩᱱ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ|ᱜᱩᱱ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ]] (ᱠᱤᱣ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ.ᱮᱥ), ᱟᱨ [[ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱦᱟᱨ|ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱦᱟᱨ]] ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref name="etches2006">{{cite journal | vauthors = Etches V, Frank J, Di Ruggiero E, Manuel D | title = Measuring population health: a review of indicators | journal = Annual Review of Public Health | volume = 27 | pages = 29–55 | year = 2006 | pmid = 16533108 | doi = 10.1146/annurev.publhealth.27.021405.102141 | doi-access = free }}</ref> === ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ === [[Image:All causes DALYs per 100,000 people gradient world map (2021).svg|thumb|᱒᱐᱒᱑ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱑᱐᱐,᱐᱐᱐ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱯᱤᱪᱷᱤ ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ:<div style="text-align: left"> {{legend|#e0e0e0|ᱰᱟᱴᱟ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜᱼᱟ}} {{legend|#ffffcc|᱒۳,᱕᱐᱐ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ}} {{legend|#ffeda0|᱒᱓,᱕᱐᱐-᱓᱑,᱐᱐᱐}} {{legend|#fed976|᱓᱑,᱐᱐᱐-᱓᱘,᱕᱐᱐}} {{legend|#feb24c|᱓᱘,᱕᱐᱐-᱔᱖,᱐᱐᱐}} {{legend|#fd8d3c|᱔᱖,᱐᱐᱐-᱕᱓,᱕᱐᱐}} {{legend|#fc4e2a|᱕᱓,᱕᱐᱐-᱖᱑,᱐᱐᱐}} {{legend|#e31a1c|᱖᱑,᱐᱐᱐-᱖᱘,᱕᱐᱐}} {{legend|#bd0026|᱖᱘,᱕᱐᱐-᱗᱖,᱐᱐᱐}} {{legend|#800026|᱗᱖,᱐᱐᱐ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ}} </div>]] {{Main|ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ}} ᱰᱤ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱨᱟᱝᱥ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱠᱷᱟᱸᱰᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱱᱚᱥᱴᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ [[ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ|ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ]], [[ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ|ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ]], ᱟᱨ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱰᱤ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱥᱴᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ "ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ" ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱰᱤ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱱᱚᱥᱴᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱚᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱱᱚᱥᱴᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱜᱽ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ === ᱜᱩᱱ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ === {{Main|ᱜᱩᱱ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ}} ᱠᱤᱣ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ.ᱮᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱥᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱥᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ [[ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱱ (ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ)|ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱱ]] ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱟ: ᱡᱩᱫᱤ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱱᱚᱝ ᱢᱤᱫ (ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ) ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ, ᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱱᱚᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ (ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ) ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾ QALY ᱦᱤᱥᱟᱹᱵᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱜᱚᱱᱚᱝ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱮᱦᱟᱸᱰ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱥᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚᱦᱚᱭᱟ᱾ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ: ᱚᱱᱠᱟᱱ ᱴᱮᱠᱱᱤᱠ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱚᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱯᱚᱥᱚᱱᱫᱽ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱡᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱠᱚᱞ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟ, ᱥᱟᱨᱵᱷᱮ ᱥᱮ ᱵᱤᱥᱞᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱚᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱤᱪᱷᱟᱹ ᱟᱱᱢᱟᱱᱟ, ᱥᱮ ᱚᱱᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱚᱱᱛᱨᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱤᱠᱤᱪᱷᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱥᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱟᱥᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱮᱦᱟᱸᱰ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref name="etches2006" /> === ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ === {{Main|ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ|ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ}} ᱕ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱰᱤ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ.ᱮᱥ ᱥᱮ ᱠᱤᱣ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ.ᱮᱥ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱥᱩᱱᱤᱨᱫᱤᱥᱴᱚ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ|ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ]] ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱮᱢ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱮᱡ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱥᱚᱠᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Mulholland E, Smith L, Carneiro I, Becher H, Lehmann D | title = Equity and child-survival strategies | journal = Bulletin of the World Health Organization | volume = 86 | issue = 5 | pages = 399–407 | date = May 2008 | pmid = 18545743 | pmc = 2647438 | doi = 10.2471/BLT.07.044545 }}</ref> === ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱨ === {{Main|ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱨ}} ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱨᱮ [[ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱨ|ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱨ]], [[ᱯᱨᱚᱵᱚᱞᱚᱛᱟ|ᱯᱨᱚᱵᱚᱞᱚᱛᱟ]], ᱟᱨ [[ᱡᱚᱜᱽ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ|ᱡᱚᱜᱽ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ]] ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱚᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ ᱮ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱚᱪᱚᱭᱟ᱾ ᱡᱩᱫᱤᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱤᱫᱼᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱞ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱨᱚᱠᱟᱥᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱚᱱᱩᱯᱟᱛ ᱥᱮ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱨᱚᱠᱟᱥᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ == ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ == {{see also|ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱜᱟᱨ}} [[File:Life expectancy by world region since 1770, OWID.svg|thumb|᱑᱗᱗᱐ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱒᱐᱑᱘ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ, ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱟᱥᱟ]] ᱑᱙᱔᱕ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ [[ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ]] ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ [[ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱮᱸᱠ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ]] ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱥᱚᱯᱚᱦᱚᱫ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱑᱙᱔᱘ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ, ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱫ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ]] ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱑᱙᱔᱗ ᱟᱨ ᱑᱙᱔᱘ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱨ (ᱤᱡᱤᱯᱴ) ᱨᱮ ᱒᱐,᱐᱐᱐ ᱦᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱨᱟ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮ ᱩᱫᱽᱜᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web|title=History of WHO|author=World Health Organization|url=https://www.who.int/library/historical/access/who/index.en.shtml|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061207150944/http://www.who.int/library/historical/access/who/index.en.shtml|archive-date=2006-12-07}}</ref> ᱰᱟᱵᱽᱞᱩ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ.ᱳ (WHO) ᱟᱡᱟᱜ [[WHO ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱨᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱰᱮᱞ ᱞᱤᱥᱴᱤ|ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱨᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱰᱮᱞ ᱞᱤᱥᱴᱤ]] ᱮ ᱪᱷᱟᱯᱟ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱑᱙۷᱘ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ [[ᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱟᱴᱟ ᱜᱷᱳᱥᱱᱟ]] ᱫᱚ [[ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱛ ᱮ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite report|title=Primary Health Care: Report of the International Conference on Primary Health Care|location=Geneva|publisher=World Health Organization|year=1978|url=http://www.unicef.org/about/history/files/Alma_Ata_conference_1978_report.pdf|access-date=2014-05-06|archive-date=2017-08-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170829195121/https://www.unicef.org/about/history/files/Alma_Ata_conference_1978_report.pdf}}</ref> ᱒᱐᱐᱐ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱢᱤᱴ ᱨᱮ, ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱫ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱤᱨᱟᱹᱞ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ [[ᱢᱤᱞᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱡᱚᱥ]] (MDGs) ᱠᱚ ᱜᱷᱳᱥᱱᱟ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ,<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Kumar S, Kumar N, Vivekadhish S | title = Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): Addressing Unfinished Agenda and Strengthening Sustainable Development and Partnership | journal = Indian Journal of Community Medicine | volume = 41 | issue = 1 | pages = 1–4 | date = January–March 2016 | pmid = 26917865 | pmc = 4746946 | doi = 10.4103/0970-0218.170955 | doi-access = free }}</ref> ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱑᱕ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web|title=Resolution adopted by the General Assembly, 55/2|date=18 September 2000|publisher=United Nations|url=https://www.un.org/millennium/declaration/ares552e.pdf}}</ref> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱜᱷᱳᱥᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱟᱱ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱤᱡ ᱟᱨ ᱧᱟᱢᱤᱡ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱚᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱤᱱᱤᱭᱳᱜᱽ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱮᱢ.ᱰᱤ.ᱡᱤ (MDG) ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱴᱷᱟᱢᱳ ᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱞᱟᱦᱟᱱᱛᱤ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref name=":0">{{Cite web | url = https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/post2015/transformingourworld | title = Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development .:. Sustainable Development Knowledge Platform | website = sustainabledevelopment.un.org | access-date = 2016-02-26 }}</ref> ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ, ᱞᱟᱦᱟᱱᱛᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ-ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ [[ᱮᱸᱜᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ|ᱮᱸᱜᱟᱛ]], ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ [[ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱮᱢ.ᱰᱤ.ᱡᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾<ref name=":0" /> ᱮᱢ.ᱰᱤ.ᱡᱤ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱮᱦᱟᱸᱰ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱒᱐᱑᱖-᱒᱐᱓᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱑᱗ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ [[ᱴᱮᱠᱥᱚᱭ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱠᱚ]] (SDGs) ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱴᱮᱠᱥᱚᱭ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱰᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref name=":0" /> ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ [[ᱴᱮᱠᱥᱚᱭ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱑|ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱪᱟᱵᱟᱭ]] ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱤᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ᱾<ref name=":1">{{Cite web | url = http://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/sdgoverview/ | title = Sustainable Development Goals | website = UNDP | access-date = 2016-02-26 | archive-date = 2016-03-04 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160304031536/http://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/sdgoverview/ }}</ref> ᱒᱕ ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱑᱕ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ, ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱑᱙᱓ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱒᱐᱓᱐ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱰᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱯᱱᱟᱨ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ''ᱟᱵᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ: ᱴᱮᱠᱥᱚᱭ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱒᱐᱓᱐ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱰᱟ''᱾<ref name=":1" /> ᱒᱐᱐᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱫᱚᱥᱚᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱒᱐᱐᱐ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱤᱠᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ [[ᱜᱟᱵᱷᱤ]], ᱒᱐᱐᱒ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ [[ᱮᱰᱥ, ᱴᱤᱵᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱞᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱥᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱯᱷᱟᱱᱰ]], ᱒᱐᱐᱓ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ [[ᱮᱰᱥ ᱨᱮᱞᱤᱯᱷ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱜᱚᱢᱠᱮ ᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱢᱟᱨᱡᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱯᱞᱮᱱ]], ᱟᱨ ᱒᱐᱐᱕ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ [[ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱜᱚᱢᱠᱮ ᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱞᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ]] ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚᱥᱚᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱨ [[ᱢᱚᱱᱴᱮᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱱᱥᱮᱱᱥᱟᱥ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ (ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱹᱵᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱡᱳᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱯᱟᱸᱡᱟ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ),<ref>{{cite news | vauthors = Price N |title=Countries gather to fight poverty |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/647423631/ |access-date=21 November 2022 |work=The Sacramento Bee |date=March 23, 2002 |page=A13 }}</ref> ᱥᱩᱢᱩᱝ ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱚᱪ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱢᱟᱱ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱡᱳᱨ ᱮᱢ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web | vauthors = Mark Dybul M | work = The Catalyst | publisher = George W. Bush Institute | url = https://www.bushcenter.org/catalyst/africa/dybul-advance-of-global-health.html | title = How HIV, SARS, and Ebola Put Global Health on the Agenda | date = Summer 2017 }}</ref> ᱒᱐᱑᱕ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ''[[ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ]]'' ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱪᱷᱟᱯᱟ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱮᱦᱮᱧᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱑᱐᱐ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Hoffman SJ | title = Ending medical complicity in state-sponsored torture | journal = Lancet | volume = 378 | issue = 9802 | pages = 1535–7 | date = October 2011 | pmid = 21944647 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(11)60816-7 | ssrn = 2725729 | s2cid = 45829194 }}</ref> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ [[ᱵᱤᱞ ᱠᱞᱤᱱᱴᱚᱱ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ [[ᱯᱤᱴᱟᱨ ᱯᱤᱭᱳᱴ]] ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ, ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱠᱤᱞᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱠᱚ ᱚᱞ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ, ᱟᱨ [[ᱴᱤᱠᱟᱹ]] ᱠᱚ, [[ᱮᱱᱴᱤᱢᱟᱭᱠᱨᱳᱵᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱴᱮᱠᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ]], [[ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱦᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ|ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ]], [[ᱫᱷᱩᱸᱜᱟᱹ ᱧᱩ|ᱛᱷᱟᱢᱟᱠᱩᱨ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ]], ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ, [[ᱦᱚᱭᱦᱤᱥᱤᱫ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ]], ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ, ᱨᱟᱱ ᱧᱟᱢ, ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱚᱵᱷᱟᱨᱮᱡᱽ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱛᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱥᱟᱢᱨᱟᱡᱽᱭᱚᱵᱟᱫᱤ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱰᱤᱠᱚᱞᱳᱱᱟᱭᱡᱮᱥᱚᱱ (decolonisation) ᱥᱮ ᱩᱯᱚᱱᱤᱵᱮᱥᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱟᱹᱵᱤ ᱨᱟᱠᱟᱵ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=Kwete X, Tang K, Chen L, Ren R, Chen Q, Wu Z, Cai Y, Li H |date=January 2022 |title=Decolonizing global health: what should be the target of this movement and where does it lead us? |journal=Global Health Research and Policy |volume=7 |issue=1 |article-number=3 |doi=10.1186/s41256-022-00237-3 |pmc=8784247 |pmid=35067229 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Rasheed MA |date=December 2021 |title=Navigating the violent process of decolonisation in global health research: a guideline |journal=The Lancet. Global Health |volume=9 |issue=12 |pages=e1640–1 |doi=10.1016/S2214-109X(21)00440-X |pmid=34798014 |s2cid=244286291 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Affun-Adegbulu C, Adegbulu O |date=August 2020 |title=Decolonising Global (Public) Health: from Western universalism to Global pluriversalities |journal=BMJ Global Health |volume=5 |issue=8 |article-number=e002947 |doi=10.1136/bmjgh-2020-002947 |pmc=7443258 |pmid=32819916 |s2cid=221220715}}</ref> ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱤᱠᱳᱥᱤᱥᱴᱮᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱢᱚᱱᱛᱚᱵᱟᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱴᱷᱟᱢᱳ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ-ᱟᱭ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱥᱚᱸᱥᱛᱷᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱢᱨᱟᱡᱽᱭᱚᱵᱟᱫᱤ "ᱢᱩᱠᱩᱴ" ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Keshri VR, Bhaumik S |date=September 2022 |title=The feudal structure of global health and its implications for decolonisation |journal=BMJ Global Health |volume=7 |issue=9 |article-number=e010603 |doi=10.1136/bmjgh-2022-010603 |pmc=9516156 |pmid=36167407 |s2cid=252565623}}</ref> == ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱛᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ == === ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲᱚᱜ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ === ==== ᱥᱟᱦᱮᱫ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ==== {{Main|ᱥᱟᱦᱮᱫ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ}} ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱮᱫ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱞᱩᱛᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱮᱢᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref name="Lopez AD 2006">{{cite journal | vauthors = Lopez AD, Mathers CD, Ezzati M, Jamison DT, Murray CJ | title = Global and regional burden of disease and risk factors, 2001: systematic analysis of population health data | journal = Lancet | volume = 367 | issue = 9524 | pages = 1747–57 | date = May 2006 | pmid = 16731270 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(06)68770-9 | s2cid = 22609505 }}</ref> ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱛ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱦᱮᱫ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ [[ᱴᱤᱵᱷᱤ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ]], [[ᱦᱟᱢ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ]], [[ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱞᱩᱭᱮᱱᱡᱟ]], [[ᱠᱳᱨᱳᱱᱟᱵᱷᱟᱭᱨᱟᱥ|ᱠᱳᱨᱳᱱᱟᱵᱷᱟᱭᱨᱟᱥ ᱠᱚ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱱᱤᱣᱢᱳᱱᱤᱭᱟ]] ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱛᱷᱟᱠᱨᱚᱢᱮ ''[[ᱢᱟᱭᱠᱳᱵᱮᱠᱴᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱴᱤᱣᱵᱟᱨᱠᱤᱣᱞᱳᱥᱤᱥ]]'', ''[[ᱢᱚᱨᱵᱤᱞᱤᱵᱷᱟᱭᱨᱟᱥ]]'', ''[[ᱦᱤᱢᱳᱯᱷᱤᱞᱟᱥ ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱞᱩᱭᱮᱱᱡᱤ]]'' ᱟᱨ ''[[ᱱᱤᱣᱢᱳᱠᱳᱠᱟᱭ]]'' ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱥᱟᱦᱮᱫ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱤᱲ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤᱜᱼᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ ᱫᱚ [[ᱯᱷᱩᱥᱯᱷᱩᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱡᱷᱟ ᱒᱐ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱵᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱯᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Mizgerd JP | title = Lung infection--a public health priority | journal = PLOS Medicine | volume = 3 | issue = 2 | article-number = e76 | date = February 2006 | pmid = 16401173 | pmc = 1326257 | doi = 10.1371/journal.pmed.0030076 | doi-access = free }}</ref> ==== ᱰᱟᱭᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ==== {{Main|ᱰᱟᱭᱨᱤᱭᱟ}} [[ᱰᱟᱭᱨᱤᱭᱟ]] ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱕ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱑᱗% ᱜᱩᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱟᱹᱭᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.childinfo.org/709.htm |title=Statistics by Area — Diarrhoeal disease — The challenge |publisher=UNICEF |access-date=2013-01-12}}</ref> ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡ [[sanitation|ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱪᱟ ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱪᱤ]] ᱫᱚ ᱫᱟᱜ, ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ, ᱵᱟᱹᱴᱤ ᱛᱷᱟᱹᱨᱤ, ᱛᱤ, ᱟᱨ ᱨᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱠᱴᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱟᱭᱨᱟᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱰᱟᱭᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱤᱠᱤᱪᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ [[ᱢᱚᱪᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱯᱮᱨᱮᱡ ᱛᱤᱠᱤᱪᱷᱟ]] ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱣ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱮᱭ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱚᱪᱚᱭᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Taylor CE, Greenough WB | title = Control of diarrheal diseases | journal = Annual Review of Public Health | volume = 10 | pages = 221–244 | year = 1989 | pmid = 2655632 | doi = 10.1146/annurev.pu.10.050189.001253 | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Victora CG, Bryce J, Fontaine O, Monasch R | title = Reducing deaths from diarrhoea through oral rehydration therapy | journal = Bulletin of the World Health Organization | volume = 78 | issue = 10 | pages = 1246–55 | year = 2000 | pmid = 11100619 | pmc = 2560623 }}</ref> ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱩᱥᱴᱤ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ [[ᱛᱳᱣᱟ ᱧᱩ ᱚᱪᱚ]] ᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱸᱠ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱮᱢ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱡᱩᱫᱤᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱩᱢᱩᱝ ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱪᱟ ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱪᱤ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ [[ᱨᱳᱴᱟᱵᱷᱟᱭᱨᱟᱥ]] ᱰᱟᱭᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱴᱮᱠᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱡᱚᱛᱷᱮᱥᱴᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.rotavirusvaccine.org/documents/WHO_position_paper_rotavirus_2007_000.pdf |title=Rotavirus Vaccine Access and Delivery — PATH |publisher=Rotavirusvaccine.org |date=2011-12-07 |access-date=2013-01-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091222043141/http://www.rotavirusvaccine.org/documents/WHO_position_paper_rotavirus_2007_000.pdf |archive-date=2009-12-22 }}</ref> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱚᱪ ᱟᱱ ᱴᱤᱠᱟᱹ ᱛᱮ ᱴᱮᱠᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Valencia-Mendoza A, Bertozzi SM, Gutierrez JP, Itzler R | title = Cost-effectiveness of introducing a rotavirus vaccine in developing countries: the case of Mexico | journal = BMC Infectious Diseases | volume = 8 | article-number = 103 | date = July 2008 | pmid = 18664280 | pmc = 2527317 | doi = 10.1186/1471-2334-8-103 | doi-access = free }}</ref> ==== ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ/ᱮᱰᱥ ==== {{Main|ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ|ᱮᱰᱥ}} ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ/ᱮᱰᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ [[ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ]] ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱟᱹᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱮ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱠᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱯᱟᱸᱡᱟ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱨᱮᱱᱰ ᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾ ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱯᱷᱟᱱᱰ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Coovadia HM, Hadingham J | title = HIV/AIDS: global trends, global funds and delivery bottlenecks | journal = Globalization and Health | volume = 1 | article-number = 13 | date = August 2005 | pmid = 16060961 | pmc = 1199613 | doi = 10.1186/1744-8603-1-13 | doi-access = free }}</ref> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ, ᱗᱐ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ ᱵᱷᱟᱭᱨᱟᱥ ᱛᱮᱠᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱓᱕ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱜᱚᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ, ᱒᱐᱑᱗ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱓᱖.᱙ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ [᱓᱑.᱑–᱔᱓.᱙ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ] ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱟᱸᱫᱟᱡᱽ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱕-᱔᱙ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱐.᱘% [᱐.᱖–᱐.᱙%] ᱥᱮᱬᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ, ᱡᱩᱫᱤᱦᱚᱸ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱡᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ᱾ ᱵᱟᱵᱽᱞᱩ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ.ᱳ ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱣ ᱒᱕ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱮᱬᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱑ ᱦᱚᱲ (᱔.᱑%) ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱯᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{Cite web |title=HIV/AIDS |url=https://www.who.int/gho/hiv/en/ |access-date=2018-11-01 |website=World Health Organization }}</ref> ᱦᱤᱣᱢᱮᱱ ᱤᱢᱤᱭᱩᱱᱳᱰᱮᱯᱷᱤᱥᱤᱭᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱵᱷᱟᱭᱨᱟᱥ (ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ) ᱫᱚ ᱵᱮ-ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱮᱠᱥ, ᱵᱟᱝ-ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱪᱟ ᱥᱩᱭ, [[ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱢ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ]], ᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱥᱮ [[ᱛᱳᱣᱟ ᱧᱩ ᱚᱪᱚ]] ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱮᱸᱜᱟᱛ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ, ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ [[ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ]] ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱠᱚᱢ-ᱟᱭ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱡᱟᱭᱱᱟᱞ ᱥᱮᱠᱥ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱐.᱓᱘% ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱐.᱓% ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{Cite web |title=Estimated HIV transmission risk per exposure for specific activities and events |date=15 May 2020 |url=https://www.aidsmap.com/Estimated-risk-per-exposure/page/1324038/#item1324093}}</ref> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱢᱤᱭᱩᱱ ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱮᱢ ᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱮᱠᱣᱟᱨᱰ ᱤᱢᱤᱭᱩᱱᱳᱰᱮᱯᱷᱤᱥᱤᱭᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱥᱤᱱᱰᱨᱳᱢ (ᱮᱰᱥ) ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾ [[ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ/ᱮᱰᱥ ᱥᱟᱢᱵᱽᱲᱟᱣ|ᱮᱱᱴᱤᱨᱮᱴᱨᱳᱵᱷᱟᱭᱨᱟᱞ ᱨᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ]] ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱡᱤᱞᱤᱧᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱰᱥ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱚᱪᱚᱭᱟ᱾ ==== ᱢᱮᱞᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ==== {{Main|ᱢᱮᱞᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ}} ᱢᱮᱞᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱠᱬᱤᱡ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲᱚᱜ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ''[[ᱯᱞᱟᱡᱽᱢᱳᱰᱤᱭᱟᱢ]]'' ᱡᱟᱹᱛ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱯᱮᱨᱟᱥᱟᱭᱤᱴ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ, ᱵᱚᱦᱚᱜ ᱦᱟᱹᱥᱩ, ᱨᱟᱵᱟᱝ, ᱡᱤᱞ ᱦᱟᱹᱥᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱞᱟᱹ ᱩᱞᱟᱹ ᱟᱹᱭᱠᱟᱹᱣ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱡᱟᱣ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱸᱫᱟᱡᱽ ᱕᱐᱐ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱢᱮᱞᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱮᱨᱮᱡ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref name="Birn">{{cite book | vauthors = Birn A, Pillay Y, Holtz T |url=https://archive.org/details/textbookofintern0000birn |title=Textbook of International Health |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2009 |isbn=978-0-19-971985-3 |edition=3rd |page=[https://archive.org/details/textbookofintern0000birn/page/273 273] |url-access=registration}}</ref> ᱰᱟᱵᱽᱞᱩ.ᱮᱪ.ᱳ ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱢᱮᱞᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱵᱚᱡᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱮ ᱦᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾ ᱒᱐᱑᱖ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱙᱐% ᱢᱮᱞᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱙᱑% ᱢᱮᱞᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{Cite web |title=Malaria key facts |url=https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/malaria}}</ref> [[ᱢᱚᱥᱟᱨᱤ|ᱨᱟᱱ ᱮᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱚᱥᱟᱨᱤ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱮᱞᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱚᱢ-ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱚᱪ ᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱞᱚᱜᱚᱱ [[ᱟᱨᱴᱮᱢᱤᱥᱤᱱᱤᱱ]]-ᱴᱮᱦᱟᱸᱰᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱢᱵᱤᱱᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱛᱷᱮᱨᱟᱯᱤ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱮᱨᱮᱡ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ [[ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱮᱠᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱛᱷᱮᱨᱟᱯᱤ]] ᱛᱮ ᱜᱚᱲᱚᱭ ᱧᱟᱢᱟ᱾ [[ᱮᱱᱰᱮᱢᱤᱠ (ᱮᱯᱤᱰᱮᱢᱤᱭᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ)|ᱮᱱᱰᱮᱢᱤᱠ]] ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱫᱟᱬᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱫᱟᱬᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ [[ᱢᱮᱞᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱴᱮᱠᱟᱣ ᱨᱟᱱ]] ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ [[ᱮᱴᱳᱵᱷᱟᱠᱩᱭᱳᱱ/ᱯᱨᱳᱜᱩᱣᱟᱱᱤᱞ|ᱮᱴᱳᱵᱷᱟᱠᱩᱭᱳᱱ-ᱯᱨᱳᱜᱩᱣᱟᱱᱤᱞ]], [[ᱰᱚᱠᱥᱤᱥᱟᱭᱠᱞᱤᱱ]], ᱥᱮ [[ᱢᱮᱯᱷᱞᱳᱠᱩᱭᱤᱱ]] ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ [[ᱠᱮᱢᱳᱯᱨᱳᱯᱷᱟᱭᱞᱮᱠᱥᱤᱥ]] ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱤᱥᱟᱹ ᱮᱢ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{Cite web |publisher= U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |date=2018-01-26 |title=Malaria – Travelers – Malaria Information and Prophylaxis, by Country |url=https://www.cdc.gov/malaria/travelers/country_table/a.html |access-date=2018-11-01 }}</ref> ᱵᱤᱨ ᱢᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱯᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱮᱞᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ-ᱥᱚᱡᱷᱮ ᱛᱮ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱢᱟᱜ ᱩᱡᱟᱹᱲᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱢᱟᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱮᱞᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱞᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ ᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref name="pmid32152272">{{cite journal | vauthors = Chaves LS, Fry J, Malik A, Geschke A, Sallum MA, Lenzen M | title = Global consumption and international trade in deforestation-associated commodities could influence malaria risk | journal = Nature Communications | volume = 11 | issue = 1 | article-number = 1258 | date = March 2020 | pmid = 32152272 | pmc = 7062889 | doi = 10.1038/s41467-020-14954-1 | bibcode = 2020NatCo..11.1258C }}</ref> == ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ == == ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱮ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝᱼᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱛᱮᱛᱮᱫ ᱠᱚ == == ᱜᱚᱱᱚᱴᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ == == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}} == ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ == sij97cuj0r12bqpqo8ltemtllpobd64 194427 194426 2026-07-13T10:31:11Z ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱗ 1744 /* ᱢᱮᱞᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ */ 194427 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱯᱨᱮᱠᱷᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ}} {{For|ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱰᱟᱴᱟᱵᱮᱥ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ|ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱰᱟᱴᱟᱵᱮᱥ}} {{pp-vandalism|small=yes}} [[File:World Health Organisation building from south.jpg|thumb| [[ᱡᱮᱱᱮᱵᱷᱟ]], [[ᱥᱩᱭᱡᱟᱨᱞᱮᱱᱰ]] ᱨᱮ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ]]]] '''ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ''' ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱠᱟᱱᱟ;<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Brown TM, Cueto M, Fee E | title = The World Health Organization and the transition of "international" to "global" public health | journal = American Journal of Public Health | volume = 96 | issue = 1 | pages = 62–72 | date = January 2006 | pmid = 16322464 | pmc = 1470434 | doi = 10.2105/AJPH.2004.050831 }}</ref> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ "ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ, [[ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ]], ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱛ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ"᱾<ref name="Koplan">{{cite journal | vauthors = Koplan JP, Bond TC, Merson MH, Reddy KS, Rodriguez MH, Sewankambo NK, Wasserheit JN | title = Towards a common definition of global health | journal = Lancet | volume = 373 | issue = 9679 | pages = 1993–5 | date = June 2009 | pmid = 19493564 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60332-9 | pmc = 9905260 | bibcode = 2009Lanc..373.1993K | s2cid = 6919716 | citeseerx = 10.1.1.610.7968 }}</ref> ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱤᱡᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱮᱢᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱡᱳᱨ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite book | last = Global Health Initiative | title = Why Global Health Matters | publisher = FamiliesUSA | year = 2008 | location = Washington, DC | url = http://www.familiesusa.org/issues/global-health/matters/ | access-date = 2008-06-10 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110308223639/http://www.familiesusa.org/issues/global-health/matters/ | archive-date = 2011-03-08 }}</ref> ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ, ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ([[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ|ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ]]), [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱮᱫ|ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱮᱫ]] ᱠᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱱ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ,<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Macfarlane SB, Jacobs M, Kaaya EE | title = In the name of global health: trends in academic institutions | journal = Journal of Public Health Policy | volume = 29 | issue = 4 | pages = 383–401 | date = December 2008 | pmid = 19079297 | doi = 10.1057/jphp.2008.25 | s2cid = 46424271 }}</ref><ref name="pmid32381654">{{cite journal | vauthors = Fischer SE, Patil P, Zielinski C, Baxter L, Bonilla-Escobar FJ, Hussain S, Lai C, Walpole SC, Ohanyido F, Flood D, Singh A, Al-Shorbaji N | display-authors = 6 | title = Is it about the 'where' or the 'how'? Comment on ''Defining global health as public health somewhere else'' | journal = BMJ Global Health | volume = 5 | issue = 5 | date = May 2020 | article-number = e002567 | pmid = 32381654 | pmc = 7223010 | doi = 10.1136/bmjgh-2020-002567 }}</ref> ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱱᱚᱡᱚᱨ ᱛᱮ [[ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱤᱥᱴᱤ|ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱥᱴᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ]] ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱜᱩᱞᱢᱟᱹᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱫᱤᱥᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱰᱟᱹᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ|ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ|ᱥᱤᱞᱯᱚ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ]] ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ [[ᱜᱚᱲᱚ|ᱵᱤᱫᱮᱥ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ]] ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite book |vauthors=White F, Nanan DJ |chapter=International and Global Health | veditors = Wallace RB |title= Maxcy-Rosenau-Last Public Health and Preventive Medicine |publisher=McGraw Hill |year=2008 |isbn=978-0-07-144198-8 |pages=1252–8 |edition=15th}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|title=Comparing Approaches to Research in Global and International Health: An Exploratory Study|journal=Annals of Global Health|date=2020-04-29|issn=2214-9996|pmc=7193757|pmid=32377512|pages=47|volume=86|issue=1|doi=10.5334/aogh.2799|first1=Kristy C. Y.|last1=Yiu|first2=Eva Merethe|last2=Solum|first3=Deborah D.|last3=DiLiberto|first4=Steffen|last4=Torp |doi-access=free }}</ref> ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ [[ᱟᱡᱟᱨ]] ᱠᱚ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜᱟᱜ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱨᱮ [[ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱟᱥᱟ]] ᱠᱚᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ᱾ ᱟᱸᱫᱟᱡᱽ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ, ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱟᱥᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱓᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ (ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ [[ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ]] ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ)᱾<ref>{{Cite journal| vauthors = [[Max Roser|Roser M]], Ortiz-Ospina E, [[Hannah Ritchie|Ritchie H]] |date=2013-05-23|title=Life Expectancy|url=https://ourworldindata.org/life-expectancy|journal=Our World in Data}}</ref> ᱮᱴᱟᱜ<!--related and similar--> ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱥᱟᱢᱚᱜᱽᱨᱤᱠ ᱫᱤᱥᱴᱤᱵᱷᱚᱝᱜᱤ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱤᱥᱴᱤ|ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ]] ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ]] ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Conrad PA, Meek LA, Dumit J | title = Operationalizing a One Health approach to global health challenges | journal = Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases | volume = 36 | issue = 3 | pages = 211–6 | date = May 2013 | pmid = 23711930 | doi = 10.1016/j.cimid.2013.03.006 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Hernando-Amado S, Coque TM, Baquero F, Martínez JL | title = Defining and combating antibiotic resistance from One Health and Global Health perspectives | journal = Nature Microbiology | volume = 4 | issue = 9 | pages = 1432–42 | date = September 2019 | pmid = 31439928 | doi = 10.1038/s41564-019-0503-9 | s2cid = 201283254 | url = https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/srhreports/health/health/43 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Sinclair JR | title = Importance of a One Health approach in advancing global health security and the Sustainable Development Goals | journal = Revue Scientifique et Technique | volume = 38 | issue = 1 | pages = 145–154 | date = May 2019 | pmid = 31564744 | doi = 10.20506/rst.38.1.2949 | s2cid = 203608381 }}</ref> ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ (ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ) ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱯᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ]] (WHO)᱾ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ [[ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱥᱮᱯᱷ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱯᱨᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ]] (WFP)᱾ [[ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ]] ᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ ᱩᱯᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ|ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ-ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱩᱯᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ]] ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ [[ᱢᱤᱞᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱡᱚᱥ]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/ |title=Millennium Development Goals |publisher=United Nations |access-date=2013-03-15}}</ref> ᱟᱨ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜᱟᱜ [[ᱴᱮᱠᱥᱚᱭ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱠᱚ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱷᱳᱥᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱮᱱᱮᱢᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱨᱤ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱠᱚ, ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ WHO, ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣᱮᱫᱟᱭ᱾ == ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ == [[File:Open Global Health at OpenCon 2015.jpg|thumb|ᱳᱯᱮᱱᱠᱚᱱ ᱒᱐᱑᱕ ᱨᱮ ᱳᱯᱮᱱ ᱜᱞᱳᱵᱟᱞ ᱦᱮᱞᱛᱷ]] ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱴᱤᱵᱷᱚᱝᱜᱤ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱯᱨᱮᱠᱷᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱯᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ * [[ᱨᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ]] ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱯᱮᱛᱷᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ]] ᱮ ᱵᱚᱨᱱᱚᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ [[ᱴᱮᱠᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ|ᱴᱮᱠᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ]], [[ᱨᱳᱜᱽ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹᱣ]], ᱟᱨ [[ᱛᱤᱠᱤᱪᱷᱟ]] ᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Weatherall DJ, Clegg JB | title = Inherited haemoglobin disorders: an increasing global health problem | journal = Bulletin of the World Health Organization | volume = 79 | issue = 8 | pages = 704–712 | year = 2001 | pmid = 11545326 | pmc = 2566499 }}</ref> * [[ᱫᱤᱥᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱳᱨ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Fried LP, Bentley ME, Buekens P, Burke DS, Frenk JJ, Klag MJ, Spencer HC | title = Global health is public health | journal = Lancet | volume = 375 | issue = 9714 | pages = 535–7 | date = February 2010 | pmid = 20159277 | doi = 10.1016/s0140-6736(10)60203-6 | s2cid = 38796542 }}</ref> * [[ᱮᱯᱤᱰᱮᱢᱤᱭᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ]] ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ ᱩᱯᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Ahern M, Kovats RS, Wilkinson P, Few R, Matthies F | title = Global health impacts of floods: epidemiologic evidence | journal = Epidemiologic Reviews | volume = 27 | issue = 1 | pages = 36–46 | year = 2005 | pmid = 15958425 | doi = 10.1093/epirev/mxi004 | doi-access = free }}</ref> * [[ᱰᱮᱢᱚᱜᱨᱟᱯᱷᱤ]] ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱰᱟᱴᱟ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite book | vauthors = Verano JW, Ubelake DH |title=Disease and demography in the Americas |date=1992 |publisher=Smithsonian Institution Press |location=Washington |isbn=978-1-56098-163-3}}</ref> * [[ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ]] ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱯᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱚᱪ-ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱚᱪ-ᱞᱟᱵᱷ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱳᱨ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite report | vauthors = Bloom DE, Cafiero E, Jané-Llopis E, Abrahams-Gessel S, Bloom LR, Fathima S, Feigl AB, Gaziano T, Hamandi A, Mowafi M, O'Farrell D | display-authors = 6 | title = The global economic burden of noncommunicable diseases. | work = Program on the Global Demography of Aging | date = January 2012 | url = https://ideas.repec.org/p/gdm/wpaper/8712.html }}</ref> * ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ]], [[ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ]], [[ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ]], [[ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ]], [[ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ]], ᱟᱨ [[ᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱨᱤ]] ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱯᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱮᱢ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱜᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ [[ᱱᱤᱛᱤᱥᱟᱥᱛᱨᱚ|ᱱᱤᱛᱤᱜᱚᱛ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱟᱹᱭᱫᱟᱹᱨᱤ]] ᱠᱚ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱠᱩᱠᱞᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝᱼᱟ᱾ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱᱚᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱝ-ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱩᱠᱛᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱠᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟᱱ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱤᱛᱷᱤᱠᱥ/ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱼᱤᱛᱷᱤᱠᱥ ᱠᱟᱣᱩᱱᱥᱤᱞ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱨ-ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱞᱳᱵᱟᱞ ᱥᱟᱢᱤᱴ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.globalsummit-berlin2016.de/ | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190404102034/https://www.globalsummit-berlin2016.de/ | archive-date = 4 April 2019 | title = Global Summits of National Ethics/Bioethics Councils | location = Berlin | date = 2016 }}</ref> == ᱢᱟᱯ ᱠᱚ == ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ [[ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ|ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ]] (ᱰᱤ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ), [[ᱜᱩᱱ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ|ᱜᱩᱱ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ]] (ᱠᱤᱣ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ.ᱮᱥ), ᱟᱨ [[ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱦᱟᱨ|ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱦᱟᱨ]] ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref name="etches2006">{{cite journal | vauthors = Etches V, Frank J, Di Ruggiero E, Manuel D | title = Measuring population health: a review of indicators | journal = Annual Review of Public Health | volume = 27 | pages = 29–55 | year = 2006 | pmid = 16533108 | doi = 10.1146/annurev.publhealth.27.021405.102141 | doi-access = free }}</ref> === ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ === [[Image:All causes DALYs per 100,000 people gradient world map (2021).svg|thumb|᱒᱐᱒᱑ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱑᱐᱐,᱐᱐᱐ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱯᱤᱪᱷᱤ ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ:<div style="text-align: left"> {{legend|#e0e0e0|ᱰᱟᱴᱟ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜᱼᱟ}} {{legend|#ffffcc|᱒۳,᱕᱐᱐ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ}} {{legend|#ffeda0|᱒᱓,᱕᱐᱐-᱓᱑,᱐᱐᱐}} {{legend|#fed976|᱓᱑,᱐᱐᱐-᱓᱘,᱕᱐᱐}} {{legend|#feb24c|᱓᱘,᱕᱐᱐-᱔᱖,᱐᱐᱐}} {{legend|#fd8d3c|᱔᱖,᱐᱐᱐-᱕᱓,᱕᱐᱐}} {{legend|#fc4e2a|᱕᱓,᱕᱐᱐-᱖᱑,᱐᱐᱐}} {{legend|#e31a1c|᱖᱑,᱐᱐᱐-᱖᱘,᱕᱐᱐}} {{legend|#bd0026|᱖᱘,᱕᱐᱐-᱗᱖,᱐᱐᱐}} {{legend|#800026|᱗᱖,᱐᱐᱐ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ}} </div>]] {{Main|ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ}} ᱰᱤ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱨᱟᱝᱥ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱠᱷᱟᱸᱰᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱱᱚᱥᱴᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ [[ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ|ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ]], [[ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ|ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ]], ᱟᱨ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱰᱤ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱥᱴᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ "ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ" ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱰᱤ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱱᱚᱥᱴᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱚᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱱᱚᱥᱴᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱜᱽ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ === ᱜᱩᱱ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ === {{Main|ᱜᱩᱱ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ}} ᱠᱤᱣ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ.ᱮᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱥᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱥᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ [[ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱱ (ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ)|ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱱ]] ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱟ: ᱡᱩᱫᱤ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱱᱚᱝ ᱢᱤᱫ (ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ) ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ, ᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱱᱚᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ (ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ) ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾ QALY ᱦᱤᱥᱟᱹᱵᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱜᱚᱱᱚᱝ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱮᱦᱟᱸᱰ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱥᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚᱦᱚᱭᱟ᱾ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ: ᱚᱱᱠᱟᱱ ᱴᱮᱠᱱᱤᱠ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱚᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱯᱚᱥᱚᱱᱫᱽ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱡᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱠᱚᱞ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟ, ᱥᱟᱨᱵᱷᱮ ᱥᱮ ᱵᱤᱥᱞᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱚᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱤᱪᱷᱟᱹ ᱟᱱᱢᱟᱱᱟ, ᱥᱮ ᱚᱱᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱚᱱᱛᱨᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱤᱠᱤᱪᱷᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱥᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱟᱥᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱮᱦᱟᱸᱰ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref name="etches2006" /> === ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ === {{Main|ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ|ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ}} ᱕ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱰᱤ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ.ᱮᱥ ᱥᱮ ᱠᱤᱣ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ.ᱮᱥ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱥᱩᱱᱤᱨᱫᱤᱥᱴᱚ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ|ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ]] ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱮᱢ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱮᱡ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱥᱚᱠᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Mulholland E, Smith L, Carneiro I, Becher H, Lehmann D | title = Equity and child-survival strategies | journal = Bulletin of the World Health Organization | volume = 86 | issue = 5 | pages = 399–407 | date = May 2008 | pmid = 18545743 | pmc = 2647438 | doi = 10.2471/BLT.07.044545 }}</ref> === ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱨ === {{Main|ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱨ}} ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱨᱮ [[ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱨ|ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱨ]], [[ᱯᱨᱚᱵᱚᱞᱚᱛᱟ|ᱯᱨᱚᱵᱚᱞᱚᱛᱟ]], ᱟᱨ [[ᱡᱚᱜᱽ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ|ᱡᱚᱜᱽ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ]] ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱚᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ ᱮ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱚᱪᱚᱭᱟ᱾ ᱡᱩᱫᱤᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱤᱫᱼᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱞ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱨᱚᱠᱟᱥᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱚᱱᱩᱯᱟᱛ ᱥᱮ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱨᱚᱠᱟᱥᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ == ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ == {{see also|ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱜᱟᱨ}} [[File:Life expectancy by world region since 1770, OWID.svg|thumb|᱑᱗᱗᱐ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱒᱐᱑᱘ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ, ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱟᱥᱟ]] ᱑᱙᱔᱕ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ [[ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ]] ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ [[ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱮᱸᱠ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ]] ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱥᱚᱯᱚᱦᱚᱫ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱑᱙᱔᱘ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ, ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱫ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ]] ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱑᱙᱔᱗ ᱟᱨ ᱑᱙᱔᱘ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱨ (ᱤᱡᱤᱯᱴ) ᱨᱮ ᱒᱐,᱐᱐᱐ ᱦᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱨᱟ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮ ᱩᱫᱽᱜᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web|title=History of WHO|author=World Health Organization|url=https://www.who.int/library/historical/access/who/index.en.shtml|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061207150944/http://www.who.int/library/historical/access/who/index.en.shtml|archive-date=2006-12-07}}</ref> ᱰᱟᱵᱽᱞᱩ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ.ᱳ (WHO) ᱟᱡᱟᱜ [[WHO ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱨᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱰᱮᱞ ᱞᱤᱥᱴᱤ|ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱨᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱰᱮᱞ ᱞᱤᱥᱴᱤ]] ᱮ ᱪᱷᱟᱯᱟ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱑᱙۷᱘ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ [[ᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱟᱴᱟ ᱜᱷᱳᱥᱱᱟ]] ᱫᱚ [[ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱛ ᱮ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite report|title=Primary Health Care: Report of the International Conference on Primary Health Care|location=Geneva|publisher=World Health Organization|year=1978|url=http://www.unicef.org/about/history/files/Alma_Ata_conference_1978_report.pdf|access-date=2014-05-06|archive-date=2017-08-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170829195121/https://www.unicef.org/about/history/files/Alma_Ata_conference_1978_report.pdf}}</ref> ᱒᱐᱐᱐ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱢᱤᱴ ᱨᱮ, ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱫ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱤᱨᱟᱹᱞ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ [[ᱢᱤᱞᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱡᱚᱥ]] (MDGs) ᱠᱚ ᱜᱷᱳᱥᱱᱟ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ,<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Kumar S, Kumar N, Vivekadhish S | title = Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): Addressing Unfinished Agenda and Strengthening Sustainable Development and Partnership | journal = Indian Journal of Community Medicine | volume = 41 | issue = 1 | pages = 1–4 | date = January–March 2016 | pmid = 26917865 | pmc = 4746946 | doi = 10.4103/0970-0218.170955 | doi-access = free }}</ref> ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱑᱕ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web|title=Resolution adopted by the General Assembly, 55/2|date=18 September 2000|publisher=United Nations|url=https://www.un.org/millennium/declaration/ares552e.pdf}}</ref> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱜᱷᱳᱥᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱟᱱ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱤᱡ ᱟᱨ ᱧᱟᱢᱤᱡ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱚᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱤᱱᱤᱭᱳᱜᱽ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱮᱢ.ᱰᱤ.ᱡᱤ (MDG) ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱴᱷᱟᱢᱳ ᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱞᱟᱦᱟᱱᱛᱤ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref name=":0">{{Cite web | url = https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/post2015/transformingourworld | title = Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development .:. Sustainable Development Knowledge Platform | website = sustainabledevelopment.un.org | access-date = 2016-02-26 }}</ref> ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ, ᱞᱟᱦᱟᱱᱛᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ-ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ [[ᱮᱸᱜᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ|ᱮᱸᱜᱟᱛ]], ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ [[ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱮᱢ.ᱰᱤ.ᱡᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾<ref name=":0" /> ᱮᱢ.ᱰᱤ.ᱡᱤ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱮᱦᱟᱸᱰ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱒᱐᱑᱖-᱒᱐᱓᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱑᱗ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ [[ᱴᱮᱠᱥᱚᱭ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱠᱚ]] (SDGs) ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱴᱮᱠᱥᱚᱭ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱰᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref name=":0" /> ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ [[ᱴᱮᱠᱥᱚᱭ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱑|ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱪᱟᱵᱟᱭ]] ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱤᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ᱾<ref name=":1">{{Cite web | url = http://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/sdgoverview/ | title = Sustainable Development Goals | website = UNDP | access-date = 2016-02-26 | archive-date = 2016-03-04 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160304031536/http://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/sdgoverview/ }}</ref> ᱒᱕ ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱑᱕ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ, ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱑᱙᱓ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱒᱐᱓᱐ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱰᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱯᱱᱟᱨ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ''ᱟᱵᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ: ᱴᱮᱠᱥᱚᱭ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱒᱐᱓᱐ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱰᱟ''᱾<ref name=":1" /> ᱒᱐᱐᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱫᱚᱥᱚᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱒᱐᱐᱐ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱤᱠᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ [[ᱜᱟᱵᱷᱤ]], ᱒᱐᱐᱒ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ [[ᱮᱰᱥ, ᱴᱤᱵᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱞᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱥᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱯᱷᱟᱱᱰ]], ᱒᱐᱐᱓ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ [[ᱮᱰᱥ ᱨᱮᱞᱤᱯᱷ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱜᱚᱢᱠᱮ ᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱢᱟᱨᱡᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱯᱞᱮᱱ]], ᱟᱨ ᱒᱐᱐᱕ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ [[ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱜᱚᱢᱠᱮ ᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱞᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ]] ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚᱥᱚᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱨ [[ᱢᱚᱱᱴᱮᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱱᱥᱮᱱᱥᱟᱥ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ (ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱹᱵᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱡᱳᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱯᱟᱸᱡᱟ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ),<ref>{{cite news | vauthors = Price N |title=Countries gather to fight poverty |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/647423631/ |access-date=21 November 2022 |work=The Sacramento Bee |date=March 23, 2002 |page=A13 }}</ref> ᱥᱩᱢᱩᱝ ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱚᱪ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱢᱟᱱ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱡᱳᱨ ᱮᱢ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web | vauthors = Mark Dybul M | work = The Catalyst | publisher = George W. Bush Institute | url = https://www.bushcenter.org/catalyst/africa/dybul-advance-of-global-health.html | title = How HIV, SARS, and Ebola Put Global Health on the Agenda | date = Summer 2017 }}</ref> ᱒᱐᱑᱕ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ''[[ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ]]'' ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱪᱷᱟᱯᱟ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱮᱦᱮᱧᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱑᱐᱐ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Hoffman SJ | title = Ending medical complicity in state-sponsored torture | journal = Lancet | volume = 378 | issue = 9802 | pages = 1535–7 | date = October 2011 | pmid = 21944647 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(11)60816-7 | ssrn = 2725729 | s2cid = 45829194 }}</ref> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ [[ᱵᱤᱞ ᱠᱞᱤᱱᱴᱚᱱ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ [[ᱯᱤᱴᱟᱨ ᱯᱤᱭᱳᱴ]] ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ, ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱠᱤᱞᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱠᱚ ᱚᱞ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ, ᱟᱨ [[ᱴᱤᱠᱟᱹ]] ᱠᱚ, [[ᱮᱱᱴᱤᱢᱟᱭᱠᱨᱳᱵᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱴᱮᱠᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ]], [[ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱦᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ|ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ]], [[ᱫᱷᱩᱸᱜᱟᱹ ᱧᱩ|ᱛᱷᱟᱢᱟᱠᱩᱨ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ]], ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ, [[ᱦᱚᱭᱦᱤᱥᱤᱫ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ]], ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ, ᱨᱟᱱ ᱧᱟᱢ, ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱚᱵᱷᱟᱨᱮᱡᱽ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱛᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱥᱟᱢᱨᱟᱡᱽᱭᱚᱵᱟᱫᱤ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱰᱤᱠᱚᱞᱳᱱᱟᱭᱡᱮᱥᱚᱱ (decolonisation) ᱥᱮ ᱩᱯᱚᱱᱤᱵᱮᱥᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱟᱹᱵᱤ ᱨᱟᱠᱟᱵ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=Kwete X, Tang K, Chen L, Ren R, Chen Q, Wu Z, Cai Y, Li H |date=January 2022 |title=Decolonizing global health: what should be the target of this movement and where does it lead us? |journal=Global Health Research and Policy |volume=7 |issue=1 |article-number=3 |doi=10.1186/s41256-022-00237-3 |pmc=8784247 |pmid=35067229 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Rasheed MA |date=December 2021 |title=Navigating the violent process of decolonisation in global health research: a guideline |journal=The Lancet. Global Health |volume=9 |issue=12 |pages=e1640–1 |doi=10.1016/S2214-109X(21)00440-X |pmid=34798014 |s2cid=244286291 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Affun-Adegbulu C, Adegbulu O |date=August 2020 |title=Decolonising Global (Public) Health: from Western universalism to Global pluriversalities |journal=BMJ Global Health |volume=5 |issue=8 |article-number=e002947 |doi=10.1136/bmjgh-2020-002947 |pmc=7443258 |pmid=32819916 |s2cid=221220715}}</ref> ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱤᱠᱳᱥᱤᱥᱴᱮᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱢᱚᱱᱛᱚᱵᱟᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱴᱷᱟᱢᱳ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ-ᱟᱭ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱥᱚᱸᱥᱛᱷᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱢᱨᱟᱡᱽᱭᱚᱵᱟᱫᱤ "ᱢᱩᱠᱩᱴ" ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Keshri VR, Bhaumik S |date=September 2022 |title=The feudal structure of global health and its implications for decolonisation |journal=BMJ Global Health |volume=7 |issue=9 |article-number=e010603 |doi=10.1136/bmjgh-2022-010603 |pmc=9516156 |pmid=36167407 |s2cid=252565623}}</ref> == ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱛᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ == === ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲᱚᱜ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ === ==== ᱥᱟᱦᱮᱫ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ==== {{Main|ᱥᱟᱦᱮᱫ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ}} ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱮᱫ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱞᱩᱛᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱮᱢᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref name="Lopez AD 2006">{{cite journal | vauthors = Lopez AD, Mathers CD, Ezzati M, Jamison DT, Murray CJ | title = Global and regional burden of disease and risk factors, 2001: systematic analysis of population health data | journal = Lancet | volume = 367 | issue = 9524 | pages = 1747–57 | date = May 2006 | pmid = 16731270 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(06)68770-9 | s2cid = 22609505 }}</ref> ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱛ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱦᱮᱫ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ [[ᱴᱤᱵᱷᱤ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ]], [[ᱦᱟᱢ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ]], [[ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱞᱩᱭᱮᱱᱡᱟ]], [[ᱠᱳᱨᱳᱱᱟᱵᱷᱟᱭᱨᱟᱥ|ᱠᱳᱨᱳᱱᱟᱵᱷᱟᱭᱨᱟᱥ ᱠᱚ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱱᱤᱣᱢᱳᱱᱤᱭᱟ]] ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱛᱷᱟᱠᱨᱚᱢᱮ ''[[ᱢᱟᱭᱠᱳᱵᱮᱠᱴᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱴᱤᱣᱵᱟᱨᱠᱤᱣᱞᱳᱥᱤᱥ]]'', ''[[ᱢᱚᱨᱵᱤᱞᱤᱵᱷᱟᱭᱨᱟᱥ]]'', ''[[ᱦᱤᱢᱳᱯᱷᱤᱞᱟᱥ ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱞᱩᱭᱮᱱᱡᱤ]]'' ᱟᱨ ''[[ᱱᱤᱣᱢᱳᱠᱳᱠᱟᱭ]]'' ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱥᱟᱦᱮᱫ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱤᱲ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤᱜᱼᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ ᱫᱚ [[ᱯᱷᱩᱥᱯᱷᱩᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱡᱷᱟ ᱒᱐ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱵᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱯᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Mizgerd JP | title = Lung infection--a public health priority | journal = PLOS Medicine | volume = 3 | issue = 2 | article-number = e76 | date = February 2006 | pmid = 16401173 | pmc = 1326257 | doi = 10.1371/journal.pmed.0030076 | doi-access = free }}</ref> ==== ᱰᱟᱭᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ==== {{Main|ᱰᱟᱭᱨᱤᱭᱟ}} [[ᱰᱟᱭᱨᱤᱭᱟ]] ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱕ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱑᱗% ᱜᱩᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱟᱹᱭᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.childinfo.org/709.htm |title=Statistics by Area — Diarrhoeal disease — The challenge |publisher=UNICEF |access-date=2013-01-12}}</ref> ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡ [[sanitation|ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱪᱟ ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱪᱤ]] ᱫᱚ ᱫᱟᱜ, ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ, ᱵᱟᱹᱴᱤ ᱛᱷᱟᱹᱨᱤ, ᱛᱤ, ᱟᱨ ᱨᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱠᱴᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱟᱭᱨᱟᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱰᱟᱭᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱤᱠᱤᱪᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ [[ᱢᱚᱪᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱯᱮᱨᱮᱡ ᱛᱤᱠᱤᱪᱷᱟ]] ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱣ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱮᱭ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱚᱪᱚᱭᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Taylor CE, Greenough WB | title = Control of diarrheal diseases | journal = Annual Review of Public Health | volume = 10 | pages = 221–244 | year = 1989 | pmid = 2655632 | doi = 10.1146/annurev.pu.10.050189.001253 | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Victora CG, Bryce J, Fontaine O, Monasch R | title = Reducing deaths from diarrhoea through oral rehydration therapy | journal = Bulletin of the World Health Organization | volume = 78 | issue = 10 | pages = 1246–55 | year = 2000 | pmid = 11100619 | pmc = 2560623 }}</ref> ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱩᱥᱴᱤ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ [[ᱛᱳᱣᱟ ᱧᱩ ᱚᱪᱚ]] ᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱸᱠ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱮᱢ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱡᱩᱫᱤᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱩᱢᱩᱝ ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱪᱟ ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱪᱤ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ [[ᱨᱳᱴᱟᱵᱷᱟᱭᱨᱟᱥ]] ᱰᱟᱭᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱴᱮᱠᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱡᱚᱛᱷᱮᱥᱴᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.rotavirusvaccine.org/documents/WHO_position_paper_rotavirus_2007_000.pdf |title=Rotavirus Vaccine Access and Delivery — PATH |publisher=Rotavirusvaccine.org |date=2011-12-07 |access-date=2013-01-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091222043141/http://www.rotavirusvaccine.org/documents/WHO_position_paper_rotavirus_2007_000.pdf |archive-date=2009-12-22 }}</ref> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱚᱪ ᱟᱱ ᱴᱤᱠᱟᱹ ᱛᱮ ᱴᱮᱠᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Valencia-Mendoza A, Bertozzi SM, Gutierrez JP, Itzler R | title = Cost-effectiveness of introducing a rotavirus vaccine in developing countries: the case of Mexico | journal = BMC Infectious Diseases | volume = 8 | article-number = 103 | date = July 2008 | pmid = 18664280 | pmc = 2527317 | doi = 10.1186/1471-2334-8-103 | doi-access = free }}</ref> ==== ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ/ᱮᱰᱥ ==== {{Main|ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ|ᱮᱰᱥ}} ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ/ᱮᱰᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ [[ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ]] ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱟᱹᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱮ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱠᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱯᱟᱸᱡᱟ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱨᱮᱱᱰ ᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾ ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱯᱷᱟᱱᱰ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Coovadia HM, Hadingham J | title = HIV/AIDS: global trends, global funds and delivery bottlenecks | journal = Globalization and Health | volume = 1 | article-number = 13 | date = August 2005 | pmid = 16060961 | pmc = 1199613 | doi = 10.1186/1744-8603-1-13 | doi-access = free }}</ref> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ, ᱗᱐ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ ᱵᱷᱟᱭᱨᱟᱥ ᱛᱮᱠᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱓᱕ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱜᱚᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ, ᱒᱐᱑᱗ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱓᱖.᱙ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ [᱓᱑.᱑–᱔᱓.᱙ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ] ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱟᱸᱫᱟᱡᱽ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱕-᱔᱙ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱐.᱘% [᱐.᱖–᱐.᱙%] ᱥᱮᱬᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ, ᱡᱩᱫᱤᱦᱚᱸ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱡᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ᱾ ᱵᱟᱵᱽᱞᱩ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ.ᱳ ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱣ ᱒᱕ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱮᱬᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱑ ᱦᱚᱲ (᱔.᱑%) ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱯᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{Cite web |title=HIV/AIDS |url=https://www.who.int/gho/hiv/en/ |access-date=2018-11-01 |website=World Health Organization }}</ref> ᱦᱤᱣᱢᱮᱱ ᱤᱢᱤᱭᱩᱱᱳᱰᱮᱯᱷᱤᱥᱤᱭᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱵᱷᱟᱭᱨᱟᱥ (ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ) ᱫᱚ ᱵᱮ-ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱮᱠᱥ, ᱵᱟᱝ-ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱪᱟ ᱥᱩᱭ, [[ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱢ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ]], ᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱥᱮ [[ᱛᱳᱣᱟ ᱧᱩ ᱚᱪᱚ]] ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱮᱸᱜᱟᱛ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ, ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ [[ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ]] ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱠᱚᱢ-ᱟᱭ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱡᱟᱭᱱᱟᱞ ᱥᱮᱠᱥ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱐.᱓᱘% ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱐.᱓% ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{Cite web |title=Estimated HIV transmission risk per exposure for specific activities and events |date=15 May 2020 |url=https://www.aidsmap.com/Estimated-risk-per-exposure/page/1324038/#item1324093}}</ref> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱢᱤᱭᱩᱱ ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱮᱢ ᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱮᱠᱣᱟᱨᱰ ᱤᱢᱤᱭᱩᱱᱳᱰᱮᱯᱷᱤᱥᱤᱭᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱥᱤᱱᱰᱨᱳᱢ (ᱮᱰᱥ) ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾ [[ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ/ᱮᱰᱥ ᱥᱟᱢᱵᱽᱲᱟᱣ|ᱮᱱᱴᱤᱨᱮᱴᱨᱳᱵᱷᱟᱭᱨᱟᱞ ᱨᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ]] ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱡᱤᱞᱤᱧᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱰᱥ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱚᱪᱚᱭᱟ᱾ ==== ᱢᱮᱞᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ==== {{Main|ᱢᱮᱞᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ}} ᱢᱮᱞᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱠᱬᱤᱡ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲᱚᱜ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ''[[ᱯᱞᱟᱡᱽᱢᱳᱰᱤᱭᱟᱢ]]'' ᱡᱟᱹᱛ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱯᱮᱨᱟᱥᱟᱭᱤᱴ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ, ᱵᱚᱦᱚᱜ ᱦᱟᱹᱥᱩ, ᱨᱟᱵᱟᱝ, ᱡᱤᱞ ᱦᱟᱹᱥᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱞᱟᱹ ᱩᱞᱟᱹ ᱟᱹᱭᱠᱟᱹᱣ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱡᱟᱣ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱸᱫᱟᱡᱽ ᱕᱐᱐ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱢᱮᱞᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱮᱨᱮᱡ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref name="Birn">{{cite book | vauthors = Birn A, Pillay Y, Holtz T |url=https://archive.org/details/textbookofintern0000birn |title=Textbook of International Health |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2009 |isbn=978-0-19-971985-3 |edition=3rd |page=[https://archive.org/details/textbookofintern0000birn/page/273 273] |url-access=registration}}</ref> ᱰᱟᱵᱽᱞᱩ.ᱮᱪ.ᱳ ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱢᱮᱞᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱵᱚᱡᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱮ ᱦᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾ ᱒᱐᱑᱖ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱙᱐% ᱢᱮᱞᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱙᱑% ᱢᱮᱞᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{Cite web |title=Malaria key facts |url=https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/malaria}}</ref> [[ᱢᱚᱥᱟᱨᱤ|ᱨᱟᱱ ᱮᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱚᱥᱟᱨᱤ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱮᱞᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱚᱢ-ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱚᱪ ᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱞᱚᱜᱚᱱ [[ᱟᱨᱴᱮᱢᱤᱥᱤᱱᱤᱱ]]-ᱴᱮᱦᱟᱸᱰᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱢᱵᱤᱱᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱛᱷᱮᱨᱟᱯᱤ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱮᱨᱮᱡ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ [[ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱮᱠᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱛᱷᱮᱨᱟᱯᱤ]] ᱛᱮ ᱜᱚᱲᱚᱭ ᱧᱟᱢᱟ᱾ [[ᱮᱱᱰᱮᱢᱤᱠ (ᱮᱯᱤᱰᱮᱢᱤᱭᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ)|ᱮᱱᱰᱮᱢᱤᱠ]] ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱫᱟᱬᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱫᱟᱬᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ [[ᱢᱮᱞᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱴᱮᱠᱟᱣ ᱨᱟᱱ]] ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ [[ᱮᱴᱳᱵᱷᱟᱠᱩᱭᱳᱱ/ᱯᱨᱳᱜᱩᱣᱟᱱᱤᱞ|ᱮᱴᱳᱵᱷᱟᱠᱩᱭᱳᱱ-ᱯᱨᱳᱜᱩᱣᱟᱱᱤᱞ]], [[ᱰᱚᱠᱥᱤᱥᱟᱭᱠᱞᱤᱱ]], ᱥᱮ [[ᱢᱮᱯᱷᱞᱳᱠᱩᱭᱤᱱ]] ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ [[ᱠᱮᱢᱳᱯᱨᱳᱯᱷᱟᱭᱞᱮᱠᱥᱤᱥ]] ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱤᱥᱟᱹ ᱮᱢ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{Cite web |publisher= U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |date=2018-01-26 |title=Malaria – Travelers – Malaria Information and Prophylaxis, by Country |url=https://www.cdc.gov/malaria/travelers/country_table/a.html |access-date=2018-11-01 }}</ref> ᱵᱤᱨ ᱢᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱯᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱮᱞᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ-ᱥᱚᱡᱷᱮ ᱛᱮ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱢᱟᱜ ᱩᱡᱟᱹᱲᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱢᱟᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱮᱞᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱞᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ ᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref name="pmid32152272">{{cite journal | vauthors = Chaves LS, Fry J, Malik A, Geschke A, Sallum MA, Lenzen M | title = Global consumption and international trade in deforestation-associated commodities could influence malaria risk | journal = Nature Communications | volume = 11 | issue = 1 | article-number = 1258 | date = March 2020 | pmid = 32152272 | pmc = 7062889 | doi = 10.1038/s41467-020-14954-1 | bibcode = 2020NatCo..11.1258C }}</ref> ==== ᱵᱮᱠᱴᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱯᱮᱛᱷᱳᱡᱮᱱ ᱠᱚ ==== [[File:Global number of deaths (A) and YLLs (B), by pathogen and GBD super-region, 2019.jpg|thumb|᱒᱐᱑᱙ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱮᱛᱷᱳᱡᱮᱱ ᱟᱨ [[ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱲᱦᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱪᱟᱯ|ᱡᱤ.ᱵᱤ.ᱰᱤ]] ᱥᱩᱯᱟᱨ-ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱞ (ᱮ) ᱟᱨ [[ᱱᱚᱥᱴᱚ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱚ]] (ᱵᱤ)<ref name="Ikuta_2022"/>]] [[File:Overall age-standardised mortality rate per 100 000 population for 33 pathogens investigated, 2019.jpg|thumb|᱒᱐᱑᱙ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱓᱓ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱯᱮᱛᱷᱳᱡᱮᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱑᱐᱐,᱐᱐᱐ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱯᱤᱪᱷᱤ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ-ᱢᱟᱱᱚᱠ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱦᱟᱨ<ref name="Ikuta_2022"/>]] ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ [[ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱲᱦᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱪᱟᱯ|ᱡᱤ.ᱵᱤ.ᱰᱤ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ]] ᱫᱚ (᱓᱓) ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱵᱮᱠᱴᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱯᱮᱛᱷᱳᱡᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱸᱫᱟᱡᱽ ᱮ ᱨᱤᱯᱳᱨᱴ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟᱱ ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ [[ᱨᱮᱴ ᱦᱤᱥᱟᱹᱵᱽ ᱛᱮ ᱜᱚᱡ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱡᱮ|᱘ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱑ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ]] ᱮ ᱮᱢᱮᱫᱟ (ᱥᱮ ~᱗.᱗ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱜᱩᱨ), ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ {{tooltip|ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟᱭ|ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ "ᱡᱤ.ᱵᱤ.ᱰᱤ ᱞᱮᱵᱷᱮᱞ ᱓ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱛᱩᱞᱟᱹᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ"}} ᱒᱐᱑᱙ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref name="Ikuta_2022">{{cite journal | title = Global mortality associated with 33 bacterial pathogens in 2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 | journal = Lancet | volume = 400 | issue = 10369 | pages = 2221–48 | date = December 2022 | pmid = 36423648 | pmc = 9763654 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(22)02185-7 | doi-access = free | vauthors = Ikuta KS, Swetschinski LR, Robles Aguilar G, Sharara F, Mestrovic T, Gray AP, Davis Weaver N, Wool EE, Han C, Gershberg Hayoon A, Aali A, Abate SM, Abbasi-Kangevari M, Abbasi-Kangevari Z, Abd-Elsalam S, Abebe G, Abedi A, Abhari AP, Abidi H, Aboagye RG, Absalan A, Abubaker Ali H, Acuna JM, Adane TD, Addo IY, Adegboye OA, Adnan M, Adnani QE, Afzal MS, Afzal S | display-authors = 6 | bibcode = 2022Lanc..400.2221I }}</ref> == ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ == == ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱮ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝᱼᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱛᱮᱛᱮᱫ ᱠᱚ == == ᱜᱚᱱᱚᱴᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ == == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}} == ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ == kqy3fkysnr9kso4ldk8mmqp3sheo7bf 194429 194427 2026-07-13T10:38:22Z ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱗ 1744 194429 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱯᱨᱮᱠᱷᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ}} {{For|ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱰᱟᱴᱟᱵᱮᱥ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ|ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱰᱟᱴᱟᱵᱮᱥ}} {{pp-vandalism|small=yes}} [[File:World Health Organisation building from south.jpg|thumb| [[ᱡᱮᱱᱮᱵᱷᱟ]], [[ᱥᱩᱭᱡᱟᱨᱞᱮᱱᱰ]] ᱨᱮ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ]]]] '''ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ''' ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱠᱟᱱᱟ;<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Brown TM, Cueto M, Fee E | title = The World Health Organization and the transition of "international" to "global" public health | journal = American Journal of Public Health | volume = 96 | issue = 1 | pages = 62–72 | date = January 2006 | pmid = 16322464 | pmc = 1470434 | doi = 10.2105/AJPH.2004.050831 }}</ref> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ "ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ, [[ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ]], ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱛ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ"᱾<ref name="Koplan">{{cite journal | vauthors = Koplan JP, Bond TC, Merson MH, Reddy KS, Rodriguez MH, Sewankambo NK, Wasserheit JN | title = Towards a common definition of global health | journal = Lancet | volume = 373 | issue = 9679 | pages = 1993–5 | date = June 2009 | pmid = 19493564 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60332-9 | pmc = 9905260 | bibcode = 2009Lanc..373.1993K | s2cid = 6919716 | citeseerx = 10.1.1.610.7968 }}</ref> ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱤᱡᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱮᱢᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱡᱳᱨ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite book | last = Global Health Initiative | title = Why Global Health Matters | publisher = FamiliesUSA | year = 2008 | location = Washington, DC | url = http://www.familiesusa.org/issues/global-health/matters/ | access-date = 2008-06-10 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110308223639/http://www.familiesusa.org/issues/global-health/matters/ | archive-date = 2011-03-08 }}</ref> ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ, ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ([[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ|ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ]]), [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱮᱫ|ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱮᱫ]] ᱠᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱱ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ,<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Macfarlane SB, Jacobs M, Kaaya EE | title = In the name of global health: trends in academic institutions | journal = Journal of Public Health Policy | volume = 29 | issue = 4 | pages = 383–401 | date = December 2008 | pmid = 19079297 | doi = 10.1057/jphp.2008.25 | s2cid = 46424271 }}</ref><ref name="pmid32381654">{{cite journal | vauthors = Fischer SE, Patil P, Zielinski C, Baxter L, Bonilla-Escobar FJ, Hussain S, Lai C, Walpole SC, Ohanyido F, Flood D, Singh A, Al-Shorbaji N | display-authors = 6 | title = Is it about the 'where' or the 'how'? Comment on ''Defining global health as public health somewhere else'' | journal = BMJ Global Health | volume = 5 | issue = 5 | date = May 2020 | article-number = e002567 | pmid = 32381654 | pmc = 7223010 | doi = 10.1136/bmjgh-2020-002567 }}</ref> ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱱᱚᱡᱚᱨ ᱛᱮ [[ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱤᱥᱴᱤ|ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱥᱴᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ]] ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱜᱩᱞᱢᱟᱹᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱫᱤᱥᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱰᱟᱹᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ|ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ|ᱥᱤᱞᱯᱚ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ]] ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ [[ᱜᱚᱲᱚ|ᱵᱤᱫᱮᱥ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ]] ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite book |vauthors=White F, Nanan DJ |chapter=International and Global Health | veditors = Wallace RB |title= Maxcy-Rosenau-Last Public Health and Preventive Medicine |publisher=McGraw Hill |year=2008 |isbn=978-0-07-144198-8 |pages=1252–8 |edition=15th}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|title=Comparing Approaches to Research in Global and International Health: An Exploratory Study|journal=Annals of Global Health|date=2020-04-29|issn=2214-9996|pmc=7193757|pmid=32377512|pages=47|volume=86|issue=1|doi=10.5334/aogh.2799|first1=Kristy C. Y.|last1=Yiu|first2=Eva Merethe|last2=Solum|first3=Deborah D.|last3=DiLiberto|first4=Steffen|last4=Torp |doi-access=free }}</ref> ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ [[ᱟᱡᱟᱨ]] ᱠᱚ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜᱟᱜ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱨᱮ [[ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱟᱥᱟ]] ᱠᱚᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ᱾ ᱟᱸᱫᱟᱡᱽ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ, ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱟᱥᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱓᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ (ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ [[ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ]] ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ)᱾<ref>{{Cite journal| vauthors = [[Max Roser|Roser M]], Ortiz-Ospina E, [[Hannah Ritchie|Ritchie H]] |date=2013-05-23|title=Life Expectancy|url=https://ourworldindata.org/life-expectancy|journal=Our World in Data}}</ref> ᱮᱴᱟᱜ<!--related and similar--> ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱥᱟᱢᱚᱜᱽᱨᱤᱠ ᱫᱤᱥᱴᱤᱵᱷᱚᱝᱜᱤ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱤᱥᱴᱤ|ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ]] ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ]] ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Conrad PA, Meek LA, Dumit J | title = Operationalizing a One Health approach to global health challenges | journal = Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases | volume = 36 | issue = 3 | pages = 211–6 | date = May 2013 | pmid = 23711930 | doi = 10.1016/j.cimid.2013.03.006 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Hernando-Amado S, Coque TM, Baquero F, Martínez JL | title = Defining and combating antibiotic resistance from One Health and Global Health perspectives | journal = Nature Microbiology | volume = 4 | issue = 9 | pages = 1432–42 | date = September 2019 | pmid = 31439928 | doi = 10.1038/s41564-019-0503-9 | s2cid = 201283254 | url = https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/srhreports/health/health/43 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Sinclair JR | title = Importance of a One Health approach in advancing global health security and the Sustainable Development Goals | journal = Revue Scientifique et Technique | volume = 38 | issue = 1 | pages = 145–154 | date = May 2019 | pmid = 31564744 | doi = 10.20506/rst.38.1.2949 | s2cid = 203608381 }}</ref> ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ (ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ) ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱯᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ]] (WHO)᱾ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ [[ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱥᱮᱯᱷ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱯᱨᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ]] (WFP)᱾ [[ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ]] ᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ ᱩᱯᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ|ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ-ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱩᱯᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ]] ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ [[ᱢᱤᱞᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱡᱚᱥ]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/ |title=Millennium Development Goals |publisher=United Nations |access-date=2013-03-15}}</ref> ᱟᱨ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜᱟᱜ [[ᱴᱮᱠᱥᱚᱭ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱠᱚ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱷᱳᱥᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱮᱱᱮᱢᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱨᱤ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱠᱚ, ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ WHO, ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣᱮᱫᱟᱭ᱾ == ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ == [[File:Open Global Health at OpenCon 2015.jpg|thumb|ᱳᱯᱮᱱᱠᱚᱱ ᱒᱐᱑᱕ ᱨᱮ ᱳᱯᱮᱱ ᱜᱞᱳᱵᱟᱞ ᱦᱮᱞᱛᱷ]] ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱴᱤᱵᱷᱚᱝᱜᱤ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱯᱨᱮᱠᱷᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱯᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ * [[ᱨᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ]] ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱯᱮᱛᱷᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ]] ᱮ ᱵᱚᱨᱱᱚᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ [[ᱴᱮᱠᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ|ᱴᱮᱠᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ]], [[ᱨᱳᱜᱽ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹᱣ]], ᱟᱨ [[ᱛᱤᱠᱤᱪᱷᱟ]] ᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Weatherall DJ, Clegg JB | title = Inherited haemoglobin disorders: an increasing global health problem | journal = Bulletin of the World Health Organization | volume = 79 | issue = 8 | pages = 704–712 | year = 2001 | pmid = 11545326 | pmc = 2566499 }}</ref> * [[ᱫᱤᱥᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱳᱨ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Fried LP, Bentley ME, Buekens P, Burke DS, Frenk JJ, Klag MJ, Spencer HC | title = Global health is public health | journal = Lancet | volume = 375 | issue = 9714 | pages = 535–7 | date = February 2010 | pmid = 20159277 | doi = 10.1016/s0140-6736(10)60203-6 | s2cid = 38796542 }}</ref> * [[ᱮᱯᱤᱰᱮᱢᱤᱭᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ]] ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ ᱩᱯᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Ahern M, Kovats RS, Wilkinson P, Few R, Matthies F | title = Global health impacts of floods: epidemiologic evidence | journal = Epidemiologic Reviews | volume = 27 | issue = 1 | pages = 36–46 | year = 2005 | pmid = 15958425 | doi = 10.1093/epirev/mxi004 | doi-access = free }}</ref> * [[ᱰᱮᱢᱚᱜᱨᱟᱯᱷᱤ]] ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱰᱟᱴᱟ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite book | vauthors = Verano JW, Ubelake DH |title=Disease and demography in the Americas |date=1992 |publisher=Smithsonian Institution Press |location=Washington |isbn=978-1-56098-163-3}}</ref> * [[ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ]] ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱯᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱚᱪ-ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱚᱪ-ᱞᱟᱵᱷ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱳᱨ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite report | vauthors = Bloom DE, Cafiero E, Jané-Llopis E, Abrahams-Gessel S, Bloom LR, Fathima S, Feigl AB, Gaziano T, Hamandi A, Mowafi M, O'Farrell D | display-authors = 6 | title = The global economic burden of noncommunicable diseases. | work = Program on the Global Demography of Aging | date = January 2012 | url = https://ideas.repec.org/p/gdm/wpaper/8712.html }}</ref> * ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ]], [[ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ]], [[ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ]], [[ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ]], [[ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ]], ᱟᱨ [[ᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱨᱤ]] ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱯᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱮᱢ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱜᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ [[ᱱᱤᱛᱤᱥᱟᱥᱛᱨᱚ|ᱱᱤᱛᱤᱜᱚᱛ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱟᱹᱭᱫᱟᱹᱨᱤ]] ᱠᱚ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱠᱩᱠᱞᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝᱼᱟ᱾ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱᱚᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱝ-ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱩᱠᱛᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱠᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟᱱ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱤᱛᱷᱤᱠᱥ/ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱼᱤᱛᱷᱤᱠᱥ ᱠᱟᱣᱩᱱᱥᱤᱞ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱨ-ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱞᱳᱵᱟᱞ ᱥᱟᱢᱤᱴ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.globalsummit-berlin2016.de/ | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190404102034/https://www.globalsummit-berlin2016.de/ | archive-date = 4 April 2019 | title = Global Summits of National Ethics/Bioethics Councils | location = Berlin | date = 2016 }}</ref> == ᱢᱟᱯ ᱠᱚ == ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ [[ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ|ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ]] (ᱰᱤ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ), [[ᱜᱩᱱ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ|ᱜᱩᱱ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ]] (ᱠᱤᱣ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ.ᱮᱥ), ᱟᱨ [[ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱦᱟᱨ|ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱦᱟᱨ]] ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref name="etches2006">{{cite journal | vauthors = Etches V, Frank J, Di Ruggiero E, Manuel D | title = Measuring population health: a review of indicators | journal = Annual Review of Public Health | volume = 27 | pages = 29–55 | year = 2006 | pmid = 16533108 | doi = 10.1146/annurev.publhealth.27.021405.102141 | doi-access = free }}</ref> === ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ === [[Image:All causes DALYs per 100,000 people gradient world map (2021).svg|thumb|᱒᱐᱒᱑ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱑᱐᱐,᱐᱐᱐ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱯᱤᱪᱷᱤ ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ:<div style="text-align: left"> {{legend|#e0e0e0|ᱰᱟᱴᱟ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜᱼᱟ}} {{legend|#ffffcc|᱒۳,᱕᱐᱐ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ}} {{legend|#ffeda0|᱒᱓,᱕᱐᱐-᱓᱑,᱐᱐᱐}} {{legend|#fed976|᱓᱑,᱐᱐᱐-᱓᱘,᱕᱐᱐}} {{legend|#feb24c|᱓᱘,᱕᱐᱐-᱔᱖,᱐᱐᱐}} {{legend|#fd8d3c|᱔᱖,᱐᱐᱐-᱕᱓,᱕᱐᱐}} {{legend|#fc4e2a|᱕᱓,᱕᱐᱐-᱖᱑,᱐᱐᱐}} {{legend|#e31a1c|᱖᱑,᱐᱐᱐-᱖᱘,᱕᱐᱐}} {{legend|#bd0026|᱖᱘,᱕᱐᱐-᱗᱖,᱐᱐᱐}} {{legend|#800026|᱗᱖,᱐᱐᱐ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ}} </div>]] {{Main|ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ}} ᱰᱤ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱨᱟᱝᱥ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱠᱷᱟᱸᱰᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱱᱚᱥᱴᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ [[ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ|ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ]], [[ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ|ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ]], ᱟᱨ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱰᱤ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱥᱴᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ "ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ" ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱰᱤ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱱᱚᱥᱴᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱚᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱱᱚᱥᱴᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱜᱽ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ === ᱜᱩᱱ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ === {{Main|ᱜᱩᱱ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ}} ᱠᱤᱣ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ.ᱮᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱥᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱥᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ [[ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱱ (ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ)|ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱱ]] ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱟ: ᱡᱩᱫᱤ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱱᱚᱝ ᱢᱤᱫ (ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ) ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ, ᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱱᱚᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ (ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ) ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾ QALY ᱦᱤᱥᱟᱹᱵᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱜᱚᱱᱚᱝ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱮᱦᱟᱸᱰ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱥᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚᱦᱚᱭᱟ᱾ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ: ᱚᱱᱠᱟᱱ ᱴᱮᱠᱱᱤᱠ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱚᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱯᱚᱥᱚᱱᱫᱽ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱡᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱠᱚᱞ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟ, ᱥᱟᱨᱵᱷᱮ ᱥᱮ ᱵᱤᱥᱞᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱚᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱤᱪᱷᱟᱹ ᱟᱱᱢᱟᱱᱟ, ᱥᱮ ᱚᱱᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱚᱱᱛᱨᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱤᱠᱤᱪᱷᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱥᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱟᱥᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱮᱦᱟᱸᱰ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref name="etches2006" /> === ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ === {{Main|ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ|ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ}} ᱕ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱰᱤ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ.ᱮᱥ ᱥᱮ ᱠᱤᱣ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ.ᱮᱥ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱥᱩᱱᱤᱨᱫᱤᱥᱴᱚ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ|ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ]] ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱮᱢ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱮᱡ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱥᱚᱠᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Mulholland E, Smith L, Carneiro I, Becher H, Lehmann D | title = Equity and child-survival strategies | journal = Bulletin of the World Health Organization | volume = 86 | issue = 5 | pages = 399–407 | date = May 2008 | pmid = 18545743 | pmc = 2647438 | doi = 10.2471/BLT.07.044545 }}</ref> === ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱨ === {{Main|ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱨ}} ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱨᱮ [[ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱨ|ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱨ]], [[ᱯᱨᱚᱵᱚᱞᱚᱛᱟ|ᱯᱨᱚᱵᱚᱞᱚᱛᱟ]], ᱟᱨ [[ᱡᱚᱜᱽ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ|ᱡᱚᱜᱽ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ]] ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱚᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ ᱮ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱚᱪᱚᱭᱟ᱾ ᱡᱩᱫᱤᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱤᱫᱼᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱞ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱨᱚᱠᱟᱥᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱚᱱᱩᱯᱟᱛ ᱥᱮ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱨᱚᱠᱟᱥᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ == ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ == {{see also|ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱜᱟᱨ}} [[File:Life expectancy by world region since 1770, OWID.svg|thumb|᱑᱗᱗᱐ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱒᱐᱑᱘ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ, ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱟᱥᱟ]] ᱑᱙᱔᱕ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ [[ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ]] ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ [[ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱮᱸᱠ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ]] ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱥᱚᱯᱚᱦᱚᱫ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱑᱙᱔᱘ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ, ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱫ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ]] ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱑᱙᱔᱗ ᱟᱨ ᱑᱙᱔᱘ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱨ (ᱤᱡᱤᱯᱴ) ᱨᱮ ᱒᱐,᱐᱐᱐ ᱦᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱨᱟ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮ ᱩᱫᱽᱜᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web|title=History of WHO|author=World Health Organization|url=https://www.who.int/library/historical/access/who/index.en.shtml|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061207150944/http://www.who.int/library/historical/access/who/index.en.shtml|archive-date=2006-12-07}}</ref> ᱰᱟᱵᱽᱞᱩ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ.ᱳ (WHO) ᱟᱡᱟᱜ [[WHO ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱨᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱰᱮᱞ ᱞᱤᱥᱴᱤ|ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱨᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱰᱮᱞ ᱞᱤᱥᱴᱤ]] ᱮ ᱪᱷᱟᱯᱟ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱑᱙۷᱘ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ [[ᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱟᱴᱟ ᱜᱷᱳᱥᱱᱟ]] ᱫᱚ [[ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱛ ᱮ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite report|title=Primary Health Care: Report of the International Conference on Primary Health Care|location=Geneva|publisher=World Health Organization|year=1978|url=http://www.unicef.org/about/history/files/Alma_Ata_conference_1978_report.pdf|access-date=2014-05-06|archive-date=2017-08-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170829195121/https://www.unicef.org/about/history/files/Alma_Ata_conference_1978_report.pdf}}</ref> ᱒᱐᱐᱐ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱢᱤᱴ ᱨᱮ, ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱫ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱤᱨᱟᱹᱞ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ [[ᱢᱤᱞᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱡᱚᱥ]] (MDGs) ᱠᱚ ᱜᱷᱳᱥᱱᱟ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ,<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Kumar S, Kumar N, Vivekadhish S | title = Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): Addressing Unfinished Agenda and Strengthening Sustainable Development and Partnership | journal = Indian Journal of Community Medicine | volume = 41 | issue = 1 | pages = 1–4 | date = January–March 2016 | pmid = 26917865 | pmc = 4746946 | doi = 10.4103/0970-0218.170955 | doi-access = free }}</ref> ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱑᱕ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web|title=Resolution adopted by the General Assembly, 55/2|date=18 September 2000|publisher=United Nations|url=https://www.un.org/millennium/declaration/ares552e.pdf}}</ref> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱜᱷᱳᱥᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱟᱱ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱤᱡ ᱟᱨ ᱧᱟᱢᱤᱡ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱚᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱤᱱᱤᱭᱳᱜᱽ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱮᱢ.ᱰᱤ.ᱡᱤ (MDG) ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱴᱷᱟᱢᱳ ᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱞᱟᱦᱟᱱᱛᱤ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref name=":0">{{Cite web | url = https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/post2015/transformingourworld | title = Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development .:. Sustainable Development Knowledge Platform | website = sustainabledevelopment.un.org | access-date = 2016-02-26 }}</ref> ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ, ᱞᱟᱦᱟᱱᱛᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ-ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ [[ᱮᱸᱜᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ|ᱮᱸᱜᱟᱛ]], ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ [[ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱮᱢ.ᱰᱤ.ᱡᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾<ref name=":0" /> ᱮᱢ.ᱰᱤ.ᱡᱤ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱮᱦᱟᱸᱰ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱒᱐᱑᱖-᱒᱐᱓᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱑᱗ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ [[ᱴᱮᱠᱥᱚᱭ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱠᱚ]] (SDGs) ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱴᱮᱠᱥᱚᱭ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱰᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref name=":0" /> ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ [[ᱴᱮᱠᱥᱚᱭ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱑|ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱪᱟᱵᱟᱭ]] ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱤᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ᱾<ref name=":1">{{Cite web | url = http://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/sdgoverview/ | title = Sustainable Development Goals | website = UNDP | access-date = 2016-02-26 | archive-date = 2016-03-04 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160304031536/http://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/sdgoverview/ }}</ref> ᱒᱕ ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱑᱕ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ, ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱑᱙᱓ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱒᱐᱓᱐ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱰᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱯᱱᱟᱨ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ''ᱟᱵᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ: ᱴᱮᱠᱥᱚᱭ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱒᱐᱓᱐ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱰᱟ''᱾<ref name=":1" /> ᱒᱐᱐᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱫᱚᱥᱚᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱒᱐᱐᱐ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱤᱠᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ [[ᱜᱟᱵᱷᱤ]], ᱒᱐᱐᱒ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ [[ᱮᱰᱥ, ᱴᱤᱵᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱞᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱥᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱯᱷᱟᱱᱰ]], ᱒᱐᱐᱓ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ [[ᱮᱰᱥ ᱨᱮᱞᱤᱯᱷ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱜᱚᱢᱠᱮ ᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱢᱟᱨᱡᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱯᱞᱮᱱ]], ᱟᱨ ᱒᱐᱐᱕ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ [[ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱜᱚᱢᱠᱮ ᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱞᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ]] ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚᱥᱚᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱨ [[ᱢᱚᱱᱴᱮᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱱᱥᱮᱱᱥᱟᱥ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ (ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱹᱵᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱡᱳᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱯᱟᱸᱡᱟ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ),<ref>{{cite news | vauthors = Price N |title=Countries gather to fight poverty |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/647423631/ |access-date=21 November 2022 |work=The Sacramento Bee |date=March 23, 2002 |page=A13 }}</ref> ᱥᱩᱢᱩᱝ ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱚᱪ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱢᱟᱱ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱡᱳᱨ ᱮᱢ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web | vauthors = Mark Dybul M | work = The Catalyst | publisher = George W. Bush Institute | url = https://www.bushcenter.org/catalyst/africa/dybul-advance-of-global-health.html | title = How HIV, SARS, and Ebola Put Global Health on the Agenda | date = Summer 2017 }}</ref> ᱒᱐᱑᱕ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ''[[ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ]]'' ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱪᱷᱟᱯᱟ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱮᱦᱮᱧᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱑᱐᱐ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Hoffman SJ | title = Ending medical complicity in state-sponsored torture | journal = Lancet | volume = 378 | issue = 9802 | pages = 1535–7 | date = October 2011 | pmid = 21944647 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(11)60816-7 | ssrn = 2725729 | s2cid = 45829194 }}</ref> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ [[ᱵᱤᱞ ᱠᱞᱤᱱᱴᱚᱱ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ [[ᱯᱤᱴᱟᱨ ᱯᱤᱭᱳᱴ]] ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ, ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱠᱤᱞᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱠᱚ ᱚᱞ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ, ᱟᱨ [[ᱴᱤᱠᱟᱹ]] ᱠᱚ, [[ᱮᱱᱴᱤᱢᱟᱭᱠᱨᱳᱵᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱴᱮᱠᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ]], [[ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱦᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ|ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ]], [[ᱫᱷᱩᱸᱜᱟᱹ ᱧᱩ|ᱛᱷᱟᱢᱟᱠᱩᱨ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ]], ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ, [[ᱦᱚᱭᱦᱤᱥᱤᱫ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ]], ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ, ᱨᱟᱱ ᱧᱟᱢ, ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱚᱵᱷᱟᱨᱮᱡᱽ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱛᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱥᱟᱢᱨᱟᱡᱽᱭᱚᱵᱟᱫᱤ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱰᱤᱠᱚᱞᱳᱱᱟᱭᱡᱮᱥᱚᱱ (decolonisation) ᱥᱮ ᱩᱯᱚᱱᱤᱵᱮᱥᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱟᱹᱵᱤ ᱨᱟᱠᱟᱵ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=Kwete X, Tang K, Chen L, Ren R, Chen Q, Wu Z, Cai Y, Li H |date=January 2022 |title=Decolonizing global health: what should be the target of this movement and where does it lead us? |journal=Global Health Research and Policy |volume=7 |issue=1 |article-number=3 |doi=10.1186/s41256-022-00237-3 |pmc=8784247 |pmid=35067229 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Rasheed MA |date=December 2021 |title=Navigating the violent process of decolonisation in global health research: a guideline |journal=The Lancet. Global Health |volume=9 |issue=12 |pages=e1640–1 |doi=10.1016/S2214-109X(21)00440-X |pmid=34798014 |s2cid=244286291 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Affun-Adegbulu C, Adegbulu O |date=August 2020 |title=Decolonising Global (Public) Health: from Western universalism to Global pluriversalities |journal=BMJ Global Health |volume=5 |issue=8 |article-number=e002947 |doi=10.1136/bmjgh-2020-002947 |pmc=7443258 |pmid=32819916 |s2cid=221220715}}</ref> ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱤᱠᱳᱥᱤᱥᱴᱮᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱢᱚᱱᱛᱚᱵᱟᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱴᱷᱟᱢᱳ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ-ᱟᱭ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱥᱚᱸᱥᱛᱷᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱢᱨᱟᱡᱽᱭᱚᱵᱟᱫᱤ "ᱢᱩᱠᱩᱴ" ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Keshri VR, Bhaumik S |date=September 2022 |title=The feudal structure of global health and its implications for decolonisation |journal=BMJ Global Health |volume=7 |issue=9 |article-number=e010603 |doi=10.1136/bmjgh-2022-010603 |pmc=9516156 |pmid=36167407 |s2cid=252565623}}</ref> == ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱛᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ == === ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲᱚᱜ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ === ==== ᱥᱟᱦᱮᱫ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ==== {{Main|ᱥᱟᱦᱮᱫ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ}} ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱮᱫ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱞᱩᱛᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱮᱢᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref name="Lopez AD 2006">{{cite journal | vauthors = Lopez AD, Mathers CD, Ezzati M, Jamison DT, Murray CJ | title = Global and regional burden of disease and risk factors, 2001: systematic analysis of population health data | journal = Lancet | volume = 367 | issue = 9524 | pages = 1747–57 | date = May 2006 | pmid = 16731270 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(06)68770-9 | s2cid = 22609505 }}</ref> ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱛ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱦᱮᱫ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ [[ᱴᱤᱵᱷᱤ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ]], [[ᱦᱟᱢ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ]], [[ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱞᱩᱭᱮᱱᱡᱟ]], [[ᱠᱳᱨᱳᱱᱟᱵᱷᱟᱭᱨᱟᱥ|ᱠᱳᱨᱳᱱᱟᱵᱷᱟᱭᱨᱟᱥ ᱠᱚ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱱᱤᱣᱢᱳᱱᱤᱭᱟ]] ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱛᱷᱟᱠᱨᱚᱢᱮ ''[[ᱢᱟᱭᱠᱳᱵᱮᱠᱴᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱴᱤᱣᱵᱟᱨᱠᱤᱣᱞᱳᱥᱤᱥ]]'', ''[[ᱢᱚᱨᱵᱤᱞᱤᱵᱷᱟᱭᱨᱟᱥ]]'', ''[[ᱦᱤᱢᱳᱯᱷᱤᱞᱟᱥ ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱞᱩᱭᱮᱱᱡᱤ]]'' ᱟᱨ ''[[ᱱᱤᱣᱢᱳᱠᱳᱠᱟᱭ]]'' ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱥᱟᱦᱮᱫ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱤᱲ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤᱜᱼᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ ᱫᱚ [[ᱯᱷᱩᱥᱯᱷᱩᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱡᱷᱟ ᱒᱐ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱵᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱯᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Mizgerd JP | title = Lung infection--a public health priority | journal = PLOS Medicine | volume = 3 | issue = 2 | article-number = e76 | date = February 2006 | pmid = 16401173 | pmc = 1326257 | doi = 10.1371/journal.pmed.0030076 | doi-access = free }}</ref> ==== ᱰᱟᱭᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ==== {{Main|ᱰᱟᱭᱨᱤᱭᱟ}} [[ᱰᱟᱭᱨᱤᱭᱟ]] ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱕ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱑᱗% ᱜᱩᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱟᱹᱭᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.childinfo.org/709.htm |title=Statistics by Area — Diarrhoeal disease — The challenge |publisher=UNICEF |access-date=2013-01-12}}</ref> ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡ [[sanitation|ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱪᱟ ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱪᱤ]] ᱫᱚ ᱫᱟᱜ, ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ, ᱵᱟᱹᱴᱤ ᱛᱷᱟᱹᱨᱤ, ᱛᱤ, ᱟᱨ ᱨᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱠᱴᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱟᱭᱨᱟᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱰᱟᱭᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱤᱠᱤᱪᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ [[ᱢᱚᱪᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱯᱮᱨᱮᱡ ᱛᱤᱠᱤᱪᱷᱟ]] ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱣ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱮᱭ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱚᱪᱚᱭᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Taylor CE, Greenough WB | title = Control of diarrheal diseases | journal = Annual Review of Public Health | volume = 10 | pages = 221–244 | year = 1989 | pmid = 2655632 | doi = 10.1146/annurev.pu.10.050189.001253 | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Victora CG, Bryce J, Fontaine O, Monasch R | title = Reducing deaths from diarrhoea through oral rehydration therapy | journal = Bulletin of the World Health Organization | volume = 78 | issue = 10 | pages = 1246–55 | year = 2000 | pmid = 11100619 | pmc = 2560623 }}</ref> ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱩᱥᱴᱤ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ [[ᱛᱳᱣᱟ ᱧᱩ ᱚᱪᱚ]] ᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱸᱠ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱮᱢ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱡᱩᱫᱤᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱩᱢᱩᱝ ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱪᱟ ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱪᱤ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ [[ᱨᱳᱴᱟᱵᱷᱟᱭᱨᱟᱥ]] ᱰᱟᱭᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱴᱮᱠᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱡᱚᱛᱷᱮᱥᱴᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.rotavirusvaccine.org/documents/WHO_position_paper_rotavirus_2007_000.pdf |title=Rotavirus Vaccine Access and Delivery — PATH |publisher=Rotavirusvaccine.org |date=2011-12-07 |access-date=2013-01-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091222043141/http://www.rotavirusvaccine.org/documents/WHO_position_paper_rotavirus_2007_000.pdf |archive-date=2009-12-22 }}</ref> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱚᱪ ᱟᱱ ᱴᱤᱠᱟᱹ ᱛᱮ ᱴᱮᱠᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Valencia-Mendoza A, Bertozzi SM, Gutierrez JP, Itzler R | title = Cost-effectiveness of introducing a rotavirus vaccine in developing countries: the case of Mexico | journal = BMC Infectious Diseases | volume = 8 | article-number = 103 | date = July 2008 | pmid = 18664280 | pmc = 2527317 | doi = 10.1186/1471-2334-8-103 | doi-access = free }}</ref> ==== ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ/ᱮᱰᱥ ==== {{Main|ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ|ᱮᱰᱥ}} ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ/ᱮᱰᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ [[ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ]] ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱟᱹᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱮ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱠᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱯᱟᱸᱡᱟ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱨᱮᱱᱰ ᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾ ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱯᱷᱟᱱᱰ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Coovadia HM, Hadingham J | title = HIV/AIDS: global trends, global funds and delivery bottlenecks | journal = Globalization and Health | volume = 1 | article-number = 13 | date = August 2005 | pmid = 16060961 | pmc = 1199613 | doi = 10.1186/1744-8603-1-13 | doi-access = free }}</ref> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ, ᱗᱐ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ ᱵᱷᱟᱭᱨᱟᱥ ᱛᱮᱠᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱓᱕ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱜᱚᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ, ᱒᱐᱑᱗ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱓᱖.᱙ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ [᱓᱑.᱑–᱔᱓.᱙ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ] ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱟᱸᱫᱟᱡᱽ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱕-᱔᱙ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱐.᱘% [᱐.᱖–᱐.᱙%] ᱥᱮᱬᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ, ᱡᱩᱫᱤᱦᱚᱸ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱡᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ᱾ ᱵᱟᱵᱽᱞᱩ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ.ᱳ ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱣ ᱒᱕ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱮᱬᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱑ ᱦᱚᱲ (᱔.᱑%) ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱯᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{Cite web |title=HIV/AIDS |url=https://www.who.int/gho/hiv/en/ |access-date=2018-11-01 |website=World Health Organization }}</ref> ᱦᱤᱣᱢᱮᱱ ᱤᱢᱤᱭᱩᱱᱳᱰᱮᱯᱷᱤᱥᱤᱭᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱵᱷᱟᱭᱨᱟᱥ (ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ) ᱫᱚ ᱵᱮ-ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱮᱠᱥ, ᱵᱟᱝ-ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱪᱟ ᱥᱩᱭ, [[ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱢ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ]], ᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱥᱮ [[ᱛᱳᱣᱟ ᱧᱩ ᱚᱪᱚ]] ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱮᱸᱜᱟᱛ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ, ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ [[ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ]] ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱠᱚᱢ-ᱟᱭ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱡᱟᱭᱱᱟᱞ ᱥᱮᱠᱥ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱐.᱓᱘% ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱐.᱓% ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{Cite web |title=Estimated HIV transmission risk per exposure for specific activities and events |date=15 May 2020 |url=https://www.aidsmap.com/Estimated-risk-per-exposure/page/1324038/#item1324093}}</ref> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱢᱤᱭᱩᱱ ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱮᱢ ᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱮᱠᱣᱟᱨᱰ ᱤᱢᱤᱭᱩᱱᱳᱰᱮᱯᱷᱤᱥᱤᱭᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱥᱤᱱᱰᱨᱳᱢ (ᱮᱰᱥ) ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾ [[ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ/ᱮᱰᱥ ᱥᱟᱢᱵᱽᱲᱟᱣ|ᱮᱱᱴᱤᱨᱮᱴᱨᱳᱵᱷᱟᱭᱨᱟᱞ ᱨᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ]] ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱡᱤᱞᱤᱧᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱰᱥ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱚᱪᱚᱭᱟ᱾ ==== ᱢᱮᱞᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ==== {{Main|ᱢᱮᱞᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ}} ᱢᱮᱞᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱠᱬᱤᱡ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲᱚᱜ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ''[[ᱯᱞᱟᱡᱽᱢᱳᱰᱤᱭᱟᱢ]]'' ᱡᱟᱹᱛ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱯᱮᱨᱟᱥᱟᱭᱤᱴ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ, ᱵᱚᱦᱚᱜ ᱦᱟᱹᱥᱩ, ᱨᱟᱵᱟᱝ, ᱡᱤᱞ ᱦᱟᱹᱥᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱞᱟᱹ ᱩᱞᱟᱹ ᱟᱹᱭᱠᱟᱹᱣ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱡᱟᱣ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱸᱫᱟᱡᱽ ᱕᱐᱐ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱢᱮᱞᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱮᱨᱮᱡ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref name="Birn">{{cite book | vauthors = Birn A, Pillay Y, Holtz T |url=https://archive.org/details/textbookofintern0000birn |title=Textbook of International Health |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2009 |isbn=978-0-19-971985-3 |edition=3rd |page=[https://archive.org/details/textbookofintern0000birn/page/273 273] |url-access=registration}}</ref> ᱰᱟᱵᱽᱞᱩ.ᱮᱪ.ᱳ ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱢᱮᱞᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱵᱚᱡᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱮ ᱦᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾ ᱒᱐᱑᱖ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱙᱐% ᱢᱮᱞᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱙᱑% ᱢᱮᱞᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{Cite web |title=Malaria key facts |url=https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/malaria}}</ref> [[ᱢᱚᱥᱟᱨᱤ|ᱨᱟᱱ ᱮᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱚᱥᱟᱨᱤ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱮᱞᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱚᱢ-ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱚᱪ ᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱞᱚᱜᱚᱱ [[ᱟᱨᱴᱮᱢᱤᱥᱤᱱᱤᱱ]]-ᱴᱮᱦᱟᱸᱰᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱢᱵᱤᱱᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱛᱷᱮᱨᱟᱯᱤ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱮᱨᱮᱡ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ [[ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱮᱠᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱛᱷᱮᱨᱟᱯᱤ]] ᱛᱮ ᱜᱚᱲᱚᱭ ᱧᱟᱢᱟ᱾ [[ᱮᱱᱰᱮᱢᱤᱠ (ᱮᱯᱤᱰᱮᱢᱤᱭᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ)|ᱮᱱᱰᱮᱢᱤᱠ]] ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱫᱟᱬᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱫᱟᱬᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ [[ᱢᱮᱞᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱴᱮᱠᱟᱣ ᱨᱟᱱ]] ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ [[ᱮᱴᱳᱵᱷᱟᱠᱩᱭᱳᱱ/ᱯᱨᱳᱜᱩᱣᱟᱱᱤᱞ|ᱮᱴᱳᱵᱷᱟᱠᱩᱭᱳᱱ-ᱯᱨᱳᱜᱩᱣᱟᱱᱤᱞ]], [[ᱰᱚᱠᱥᱤᱥᱟᱭᱠᱞᱤᱱ]], ᱥᱮ [[ᱢᱮᱯᱷᱞᱳᱠᱩᱭᱤᱱ]] ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ [[ᱠᱮᱢᱳᱯᱨᱳᱯᱷᱟᱭᱞᱮᱠᱥᱤᱥ]] ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱤᱥᱟᱹ ᱮᱢ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{Cite web |publisher= U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |date=2018-01-26 |title=Malaria – Travelers – Malaria Information and Prophylaxis, by Country |url=https://www.cdc.gov/malaria/travelers/country_table/a.html |access-date=2018-11-01 }}</ref> ᱵᱤᱨ ᱢᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱯᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱮᱞᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ-ᱥᱚᱡᱷᱮ ᱛᱮ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱢᱟᱜ ᱩᱡᱟᱹᱲᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱢᱟᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱮᱞᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱞᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ ᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref name="pmid32152272">{{cite journal | vauthors = Chaves LS, Fry J, Malik A, Geschke A, Sallum MA, Lenzen M | title = Global consumption and international trade in deforestation-associated commodities could influence malaria risk | journal = Nature Communications | volume = 11 | issue = 1 | article-number = 1258 | date = March 2020 | pmid = 32152272 | pmc = 7062889 | doi = 10.1038/s41467-020-14954-1 | bibcode = 2020NatCo..11.1258C }}</ref> ==== ᱵᱮᱠᱴᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱯᱮᱛᱷᱳᱡᱮᱱ ᱠᱚ ==== [[File:Global number of deaths (A) and YLLs (B), by pathogen and GBD super-region, 2019.jpg|thumb|᱒᱐᱑᱙ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱮᱛᱷᱳᱡᱮᱱ ᱟᱨ [[ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱲᱦᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱪᱟᱯ|ᱡᱤ.ᱵᱤ.ᱰᱤ]] ᱥᱩᱯᱟᱨ-ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱞ (ᱮ) ᱟᱨ [[ᱱᱚᱥᱴᱚ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱚ]] (ᱵᱤ)<ref name="Ikuta_2022"/>]] [[File:Overall age-standardised mortality rate per 100 000 population for 33 pathogens investigated, 2019.jpg|thumb|᱒᱐᱑᱙ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱓᱓ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱯᱮᱛᱷᱳᱡᱮᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱑᱐᱐,᱐᱐᱐ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱯᱤᱪᱷᱤ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ-ᱢᱟᱱᱚᱠ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱦᱟᱨ<ref name="Ikuta_2022"/>]] ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ [[ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱲᱦᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱪᱟᱯ|ᱡᱤ.ᱵᱤ.ᱰᱤ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ]] ᱫᱚ (᱓᱓) ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱵᱮᱠᱴᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱯᱮᱛᱷᱳᱡᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱸᱫᱟᱡᱽ ᱮ ᱨᱤᱯᱳᱨᱴ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟᱱ ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ [[ᱨᱮᱴ ᱦᱤᱥᱟᱹᱵᱽ ᱛᱮ ᱜᱚᱡ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱡᱮ|᱘ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱑ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ]] ᱮ ᱮᱢᱮᱫᱟ (ᱥᱮ ~᱗.᱗ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱜᱩᱨ), ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ {{tooltip|ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟᱭ|ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ "ᱡᱤ.ᱵᱤ.ᱰᱤ ᱞᱮᱵᱷᱮᱞ ᱓ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱛᱩᱞᱟᱹᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ"}} ᱒᱐᱑᱙ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref name="Ikuta_2022">{{cite journal | title = Global mortality associated with 33 bacterial pathogens in 2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 | journal = Lancet | volume = 400 | issue = 10369 | pages = 2221–48 | date = December 2022 | pmid = 36423648 | pmc = 9763654 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(22)02185-7 | doi-access = free | vauthors = Ikuta KS, Swetschinski LR, Robles Aguilar G, Sharara F, Mestrovic T, Gray AP, Davis Weaver N, Wool EE, Han C, Gershberg Hayoon A, Aali A, Abate SM, Abbasi-Kangevari M, Abbasi-Kangevari Z, Abd-Elsalam S, Abebe G, Abedi A, Abhari AP, Abidi H, Aboagye RG, Absalan A, Abubaker Ali H, Acuna JM, Adane TD, Addo IY, Adegboye OA, Adnan M, Adnani QE, Afzal MS, Afzal S | display-authors = 6 | bibcode = 2022Lanc..400.2221I }}</ref> == ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ == == ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱮ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝᱼᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱛᱮᱛᱮᱫ ᱠᱚ == == ᱜᱚᱱᱚᱴᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ == ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱥᱮ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ-ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ: * [[ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ]] ** [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ]] *** [[ᱠᱮᱱᱥᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱥᱤ]] (ᱟᱭ.ᱮ.ᱟᱨ.ᱥᱤ) *** [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱰᱟᱵᱽᱞᱩ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ.ᱳ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ]] (ᱰᱟᱵᱽᱞᱩ.ᱠᱮ.ᱥᱤ) ** [[ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱯᱷᱟᱱᱰ]] (ᱭᱩ.ᱮᱱ.ᱟᱭ.ᱥᱤ.ᱤ.ᱮᱯᱷ) ** [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ]] (ᱰᱟᱵᱽᱞᱩ.ᱮᱯᱷ.ᱯᱤ) * [[ᱯᱮᱱ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ]] (ᱯᱤ.ᱮ.ᱮᱪ.ᱳ) * [[ᱞᱟᱨᱟᱜ ᱠᱨᱚᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱠᱚᱢᱤᱴᱤ]] * [[ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱴᱮᱠᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ]] (ᱥᱤ.ᱰᱤ.ᱥᱤ) * [[ᱮᱰᱥ, ᱴᱤᱵᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱞᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱥᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱯᱷᱟᱱᱰ]] * [[ᱮᱰᱥ ᱨᱮᱞᱤᱯᱷ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱜᱚᱢᱠᱮ ᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱢᱟᱨᱡᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱯᱞᱮᱱ]] (PEPFAR) ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱮ-ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ: * [[ᱢᱮᱰᱮᱥᱤᱱᱥ ᱥᱟᱱᱥ ᱯᱷᱨᱚᱱᱴᱤᱭᱟᱨᱥ]] (ᱰᱚᱠᱴᱚᱨᱥ ᱣᱤᱫᱟᱣᱩᱴ ᱵᱚᱨᱰᱟᱨᱥ, ᱮᱢ.ᱮᱥ.ᱮᱯᱷ) * [[ᱵᱤᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱞᱤᱱᱰᱟ ᱜᱮᱴᱥ ᱯᱷᱟᱣᱩᱱᱰᱮᱥᱚᱱ]] === ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱥᱞᱮᱥᱚᱱ === ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱡᱚᱯᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱴᱨᱮᱱᱰ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ "ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱟᱯᱱᱟᱨ ᱠᱩᱥᱤ ᱯᱷᱟᱱᱰᱤᱝ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱥᱮ ᱡᱤᱞᱤᱧ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱷᱟᱱᱰᱤᱝ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱺᱜᱤᱧ; ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ-ᱥᱴᱮᱠᱦᱳᱞᱰᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱨᱣᱟᱣᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ-ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱛᱤᱱᱤᱫᱷᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱺᱜᱤᱧ; ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱠᱲᱟ ᱟᱹᱭᱫᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱮ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ-ᱴᱮᱦᱟᱸᱰ ᱥᱚᱡᱷᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱮᱢᱤᱠ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱺᱜᱤᱧ"᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Clinton C, Sridhar D | title = Who pays for cooperation in global health? A comparative analysis of WHO, the World Bank, the Global Fund to Fight HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria, and Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance | journal = Lancet | volume = 390 | issue = 10091 | pages = 324–332 | date = July 2017 | pmid = 28139255 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)32402-3 | hdl = 20.500.11820/6efaf7e1-836c-42a6-a582-c7e5c7b458fd | s2cid = 23911963 | url = https://www.pure.ed.ac.uk/ws/files/29477386/PURE_ID_29477293_LancetClintonSridharFinalDS.pdf | hdl-access = free }}</ref> [[State (polity)|ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ]]-ᱟᱹᱭᱩᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱠᱩᱨᱩᱢᱩᱴᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱷᱟᱹᱫᱽ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱤᱪᱷᱟᱹ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ "ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ, ᱱᱚᱡᱚᱨ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ, ᱟᱨ ᱛᱤᱠᱤᱪᱷᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱩᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱞᱚᱜᱚᱱ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜ, ᱞᱚᱡᱤᱥᱴᱤᱠᱥ, ᱥᱟᱜᱟᱲᱚᱢ, ᱟᱨ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ-ᱦᱤᱥᱟᱹᱵᱽ ᱥᱚᱢᱯᱚᱛᱤ" ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Michaud J, Moss K, Licina D, Waldman R, Kamradt-Scott A, Bartee M, Lim M, Williamson J, Burkle F, Polyak CS, Thomson N, Heymann DL, Lillywhite L | display-authors = 6 | title = Militaries and global health: peace, conflict, and disaster response | journal = Lancet | volume = 393 | issue = 10168 | pages = 276–286 | date = January 2019 | pmid = 30663597 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)32838-1 | s2cid = 58624715 | doi-access = free }}</ref> === ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱰᱟ === ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱰᱟ (GHSA) ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ "ᱟᱭᱢᱟ-ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ, ᱟᱭᱢᱟ-ᱥᱮᱠᱴᱚᱨ ᱠᱩᱨᱩᱢᱩᱴᱩ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱖᱐ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱯᱨᱟᱭᱵᱷᱮᱴ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱤᱥᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲᱚᱜ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱮ ᱮᱢᱟ"᱾ ᱒᱖–᱒᱘ ᱢᱟᱨᱪ, ᱒᱐᱑᱘ ᱨᱮ, ᱡᱤ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ.ᱮᱥ.ᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱨᱡᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱤᱵᱤᱞᱤᱥᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲᱚᱜ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱥᱟᱨᱵᱷᱤᱞᱮᱱᱥ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ-ᱛᱷᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱟᱯᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ ᱮ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ, "ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ-ᱫᱤᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱹᱭᱠᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ/ᱮᱰᱥ, [[ᱥᱤᱵᱷᱤᱭᱟᱨ ᱮᱠᱤᱭᱩᱴ ᱨᱮᱥᱯᱤᱨᱮᱴᱚᱨᱤ ᱥᱤᱱᱰᱨᱳᱢ (SARS)]], [[:en:H1N1 influenza|ᱮᱪ᱑ᱮᱱ᱑ ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱞᱩᱭᱮᱱᱡᱟ]], [[:en:Multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis|ᱢᱟᱞᱴᱤ-ᱰᱨᱟᱜᱽ ᱨᱮᱥᱤᱥᱴᱮᱱᱴ ᱴᱤᱣᱵᱟᱨᱠᱤᱣᱞᱳᱥᱤᱥ]]—ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱥᱮ ᱫᱚᱲᱦᱟ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱛᱷᱤᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ ᱮ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱟᱹᱣᱟ"᱾<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://homelandprepnews.com/countermeasures/27450-u-s-critical-juncture-global-health-security-agenda/|title=U.S. at a critical juncture with Global Health Security Agenda| vauthors = Riley K |date=2018-03-21|work=Homeland Preparedness News|access-date=2018-03-23 }}</ref> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱟᱠᱷᱲᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱤ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ.ᱮᱥ.ᱮ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱜᱟᱛᱮ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ, ᱨᱤᱭᱮᱞ-ᱴᱟᱭᱤᱢ ᱥᱟᱨᱵᱷᱤᱞᱮᱱᱥ ᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱯᱮᱠᱮᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱮᱱᱮᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ, ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱜᱟᱛᱮ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱟᱣᱨᱟ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱤᱭᱮᱞ-ᱴᱟᱭᱤᱢ ᱥᱟᱨᱵᱷᱤᱞᱮᱱᱥ ᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱯᱮᱠᱮᱡᱽ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱠᱨᱚᱥ-ᱠᱟᱴᱤᱝ ᱯᱮᱠᱮᱡᱽ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲᱚᱜ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web | title = Global Health Security Agenda: Action Packages | date = 23 July 2021 | url = https://www.cdc.gov/globalhealth/security/actionpackages/default.htm | via = U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) }}</ref> ᱡᱤ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ.ᱮᱥ.ᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ, ᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱯᱮᱠᱮᱡᱽ, ᱴᱟᱥᱠ ᱯᱷᱳᱨᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱱᱭᱟ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱢᱮᱠᱟᱱᱤᱡᱚᱢ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟ᱾ ᱒᱐᱑᱕ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ, ᱡᱤ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ.ᱮᱥ.ᱮ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱴᱤᱭᱟᱨᱤᱝ ᱜᱨᱩᱯ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱑ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱯᱮᱠᱮᱡᱽ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱠᱤᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱩ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱵᱮᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱯᱮᱠᱮᱡᱽ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱫ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱱᱠᱩᱨᱮᱱ ᱜᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱤᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱩ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref name="Mcphee">{{cite journal | vauthors = McPhee E, Gronvall GK, Sell TK | title = Analysis of sectoral participation in the development of Joint External Evaluations | journal = BMC Public Health | volume = 19 | issue = 1 | article-number = 631 | date = May 2019 | pmid = 31122234 | pmc = 6533773 | doi = 10.1186/s12889-019-6978-8 | doi-access = free }}</ref> ᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱯᱮᱠᱮᱡᱽ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲᱚᱜ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱴᱮᱠᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ, ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹᱣ, ᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱤ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ.ᱮᱥ.ᱮ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱮᱦᱟᱸᱰ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱢᱤᱫᱼᱢᱤᱫ ᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱯᱮᱠᱮᱡᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱚᱬᱮ-ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱡᱚᱥ, ᱞᱟᱦᱟᱱᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱯ, ᱠᱷᱚᱡᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ, ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱤᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ, ᱟᱨ ᱵᱮᱥᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱟᱥᱮᱥᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱤᱥᱴᱤ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web | work = CDC | date = 2016 | url = https://www.cdc.gov/globalhealth/security/actionpackages/default.htm | title = Global Health Security Agenda: Action Packages | access-date = 18 November 2019 }}</ref> ᱟᱭ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ.ᱟᱨ ᱢᱚᱱᱤᱴᱚᱨᱤᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱤᱵᱷᱟᱞᱩᱣᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱯᱷᱨᱮᱢᱣᱟᱨᱠ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱰᱩᱠ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ, ᱡᱚᱭᱮᱱᱴ ᱮᱠᱥᱴᱟᱨᱱᱟᱞ ᱤᱵᱷᱟᱞᱩᱣᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱤᱥᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱥᱮᱥᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref name="Mcphee" /> ᱱᱤᱛ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱛᱮ, ᱡᱤ᱗ ᱜᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱤ.ᱭᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱗᱖ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱠᱤᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ, ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ (US) ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ.ᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱩ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱡᱤ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ.ᱮᱥ.ᱮᱡᱚᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱓᱒ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱤᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹᱭ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾ ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱑᱔ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ, ᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱯᱮᱠᱮᱡᱽ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱦᱟᱱᱛᱤ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱟᱭᱞᱚᱴ ᱴᱩᱞ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ (ᱡᱚᱨᱡᱤᱭᱟ, ᱯᱮᱨᱩ, ᱩᱜᱟᱱᱰᱟ, ᱯᱚᱨᱛᱩᱜᱟᱞ, ᱡᱩᱢᱤᱫᱽ ᱨᱟᱡᱚᱥᱴᱷᱤ, ᱟᱨ ᱭᱩᱠᱨᱮᱱ) ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱩ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱟᱥᱮᱥᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱤᱪᱷᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾<ref name="pmid27314658">{{cite journal | vauthors = Wolicki SB, Nuzzo JB, Blazes DL, Pitts DL, Iskander JK, Tappero JW | title = Public Health Surveillance: At the Core of the Global Health Security Agenda | journal = Health Security | volume = 14 | issue = 3 | pages = 185–8 | date = 2016 | pmid = 27314658 | pmc = 6937158 | doi = 10.1089/hs.2016.0002 }}</ref> == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}} == ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ == l88m4cfih6blafvpxkiuvk2ohweo7hh 194430 194429 2026-07-13T10:39:28Z ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱗ 1744 /* ᱜᱚᱱᱚᱴᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ */ 194430 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱯᱨᱮᱠᱷᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ}} {{For|ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱰᱟᱴᱟᱵᱮᱥ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ|ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱰᱟᱴᱟᱵᱮᱥ}} {{pp-vandalism|small=yes}} [[File:World Health Organisation building from south.jpg|thumb| [[ᱡᱮᱱᱮᱵᱷᱟ]], [[ᱥᱩᱭᱡᱟᱨᱞᱮᱱᱰ]] ᱨᱮ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ]]]] '''ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ''' ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱠᱟᱱᱟ;<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Brown TM, Cueto M, Fee E | title = The World Health Organization and the transition of "international" to "global" public health | journal = American Journal of Public Health | volume = 96 | issue = 1 | pages = 62–72 | date = January 2006 | pmid = 16322464 | pmc = 1470434 | doi = 10.2105/AJPH.2004.050831 }}</ref> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ "ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ, [[ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ]], ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱛ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ"᱾<ref name="Koplan">{{cite journal | vauthors = Koplan JP, Bond TC, Merson MH, Reddy KS, Rodriguez MH, Sewankambo NK, Wasserheit JN | title = Towards a common definition of global health | journal = Lancet | volume = 373 | issue = 9679 | pages = 1993–5 | date = June 2009 | pmid = 19493564 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60332-9 | pmc = 9905260 | bibcode = 2009Lanc..373.1993K | s2cid = 6919716 | citeseerx = 10.1.1.610.7968 }}</ref> ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱤᱡᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱮᱢᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱡᱳᱨ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite book | last = Global Health Initiative | title = Why Global Health Matters | publisher = FamiliesUSA | year = 2008 | location = Washington, DC | url = http://www.familiesusa.org/issues/global-health/matters/ | access-date = 2008-06-10 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110308223639/http://www.familiesusa.org/issues/global-health/matters/ | archive-date = 2011-03-08 }}</ref> ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ, ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ([[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ|ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ]]), [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱮᱫ|ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱮᱫ]] ᱠᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱱ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ,<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Macfarlane SB, Jacobs M, Kaaya EE | title = In the name of global health: trends in academic institutions | journal = Journal of Public Health Policy | volume = 29 | issue = 4 | pages = 383–401 | date = December 2008 | pmid = 19079297 | doi = 10.1057/jphp.2008.25 | s2cid = 46424271 }}</ref><ref name="pmid32381654">{{cite journal | vauthors = Fischer SE, Patil P, Zielinski C, Baxter L, Bonilla-Escobar FJ, Hussain S, Lai C, Walpole SC, Ohanyido F, Flood D, Singh A, Al-Shorbaji N | display-authors = 6 | title = Is it about the 'where' or the 'how'? Comment on ''Defining global health as public health somewhere else'' | journal = BMJ Global Health | volume = 5 | issue = 5 | date = May 2020 | article-number = e002567 | pmid = 32381654 | pmc = 7223010 | doi = 10.1136/bmjgh-2020-002567 }}</ref> ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱱᱚᱡᱚᱨ ᱛᱮ [[ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱤᱥᱴᱤ|ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱥᱴᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ]] ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱜᱩᱞᱢᱟᱹᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱫᱤᱥᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱰᱟᱹᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ|ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ|ᱥᱤᱞᱯᱚ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ]] ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ [[ᱜᱚᱲᱚ|ᱵᱤᱫᱮᱥ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ]] ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite book |vauthors=White F, Nanan DJ |chapter=International and Global Health | veditors = Wallace RB |title= Maxcy-Rosenau-Last Public Health and Preventive Medicine |publisher=McGraw Hill |year=2008 |isbn=978-0-07-144198-8 |pages=1252–8 |edition=15th}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|title=Comparing Approaches to Research in Global and International Health: An Exploratory Study|journal=Annals of Global Health|date=2020-04-29|issn=2214-9996|pmc=7193757|pmid=32377512|pages=47|volume=86|issue=1|doi=10.5334/aogh.2799|first1=Kristy C. Y.|last1=Yiu|first2=Eva Merethe|last2=Solum|first3=Deborah D.|last3=DiLiberto|first4=Steffen|last4=Torp |doi-access=free }}</ref> ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ [[ᱟᱡᱟᱨ]] ᱠᱚ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜᱟᱜ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱨᱮ [[ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱟᱥᱟ]] ᱠᱚᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ᱾ ᱟᱸᱫᱟᱡᱽ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ, ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱟᱥᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱓᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ (ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ [[ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ]] ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ)᱾<ref>{{Cite journal| vauthors = [[Max Roser|Roser M]], Ortiz-Ospina E, [[Hannah Ritchie|Ritchie H]] |date=2013-05-23|title=Life Expectancy|url=https://ourworldindata.org/life-expectancy|journal=Our World in Data}}</ref> ᱮᱴᱟᱜ<!--related and similar--> ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱥᱟᱢᱚᱜᱽᱨᱤᱠ ᱫᱤᱥᱴᱤᱵᱷᱚᱝᱜᱤ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱤᱥᱴᱤ|ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ]] ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ]] ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Conrad PA, Meek LA, Dumit J | title = Operationalizing a One Health approach to global health challenges | journal = Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases | volume = 36 | issue = 3 | pages = 211–6 | date = May 2013 | pmid = 23711930 | doi = 10.1016/j.cimid.2013.03.006 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Hernando-Amado S, Coque TM, Baquero F, Martínez JL | title = Defining and combating antibiotic resistance from One Health and Global Health perspectives | journal = Nature Microbiology | volume = 4 | issue = 9 | pages = 1432–42 | date = September 2019 | pmid = 31439928 | doi = 10.1038/s41564-019-0503-9 | s2cid = 201283254 | url = https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/srhreports/health/health/43 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Sinclair JR | title = Importance of a One Health approach in advancing global health security and the Sustainable Development Goals | journal = Revue Scientifique et Technique | volume = 38 | issue = 1 | pages = 145–154 | date = May 2019 | pmid = 31564744 | doi = 10.20506/rst.38.1.2949 | s2cid = 203608381 }}</ref> ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ (ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ) ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱯᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ]] (WHO)᱾ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ [[ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱥᱮᱯᱷ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱯᱨᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ]] (WFP)᱾ [[ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ]] ᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ ᱩᱯᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ|ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ-ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱩᱯᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ]] ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ [[ᱢᱤᱞᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱡᱚᱥ]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/ |title=Millennium Development Goals |publisher=United Nations |access-date=2013-03-15}}</ref> ᱟᱨ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜᱟᱜ [[ᱴᱮᱠᱥᱚᱭ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱠᱚ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱷᱳᱥᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱮᱱᱮᱢᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱨᱤ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱠᱚ, ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ WHO, ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣᱮᱫᱟᱭ᱾ == ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ == [[File:Open Global Health at OpenCon 2015.jpg|thumb|ᱳᱯᱮᱱᱠᱚᱱ ᱒᱐᱑᱕ ᱨᱮ ᱳᱯᱮᱱ ᱜᱞᱳᱵᱟᱞ ᱦᱮᱞᱛᱷ]] ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱴᱤᱵᱷᱚᱝᱜᱤ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱯᱨᱮᱠᱷᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱯᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ * [[ᱨᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ]] ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱯᱮᱛᱷᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ]] ᱮ ᱵᱚᱨᱱᱚᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ [[ᱴᱮᱠᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ|ᱴᱮᱠᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ]], [[ᱨᱳᱜᱽ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹᱣ]], ᱟᱨ [[ᱛᱤᱠᱤᱪᱷᱟ]] ᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Weatherall DJ, Clegg JB | title = Inherited haemoglobin disorders: an increasing global health problem | journal = Bulletin of the World Health Organization | volume = 79 | issue = 8 | pages = 704–712 | year = 2001 | pmid = 11545326 | pmc = 2566499 }}</ref> * [[ᱫᱤᱥᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱳᱨ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Fried LP, Bentley ME, Buekens P, Burke DS, Frenk JJ, Klag MJ, Spencer HC | title = Global health is public health | journal = Lancet | volume = 375 | issue = 9714 | pages = 535–7 | date = February 2010 | pmid = 20159277 | doi = 10.1016/s0140-6736(10)60203-6 | s2cid = 38796542 }}</ref> * [[ᱮᱯᱤᱰᱮᱢᱤᱭᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ]] ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ ᱩᱯᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Ahern M, Kovats RS, Wilkinson P, Few R, Matthies F | title = Global health impacts of floods: epidemiologic evidence | journal = Epidemiologic Reviews | volume = 27 | issue = 1 | pages = 36–46 | year = 2005 | pmid = 15958425 | doi = 10.1093/epirev/mxi004 | doi-access = free }}</ref> * [[ᱰᱮᱢᱚᱜᱨᱟᱯᱷᱤ]] ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱰᱟᱴᱟ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite book | vauthors = Verano JW, Ubelake DH |title=Disease and demography in the Americas |date=1992 |publisher=Smithsonian Institution Press |location=Washington |isbn=978-1-56098-163-3}}</ref> * [[ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ]] ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱯᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱚᱪ-ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱚᱪ-ᱞᱟᱵᱷ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱳᱨ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite report | vauthors = Bloom DE, Cafiero E, Jané-Llopis E, Abrahams-Gessel S, Bloom LR, Fathima S, Feigl AB, Gaziano T, Hamandi A, Mowafi M, O'Farrell D | display-authors = 6 | title = The global economic burden of noncommunicable diseases. | work = Program on the Global Demography of Aging | date = January 2012 | url = https://ideas.repec.org/p/gdm/wpaper/8712.html }}</ref> * ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ]], [[ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ]], [[ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ]], [[ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ]], [[ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ]], ᱟᱨ [[ᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱨᱤ]] ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱯᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱮᱢ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱜᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ [[ᱱᱤᱛᱤᱥᱟᱥᱛᱨᱚ|ᱱᱤᱛᱤᱜᱚᱛ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱟᱹᱭᱫᱟᱹᱨᱤ]] ᱠᱚ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱠᱩᱠᱞᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝᱼᱟ᱾ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱᱚᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱝ-ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱩᱠᱛᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱠᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟᱱ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱤᱛᱷᱤᱠᱥ/ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱼᱤᱛᱷᱤᱠᱥ ᱠᱟᱣᱩᱱᱥᱤᱞ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱨ-ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱞᱳᱵᱟᱞ ᱥᱟᱢᱤᱴ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.globalsummit-berlin2016.de/ | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190404102034/https://www.globalsummit-berlin2016.de/ | archive-date = 4 April 2019 | title = Global Summits of National Ethics/Bioethics Councils | location = Berlin | date = 2016 }}</ref> == ᱢᱟᱯ ᱠᱚ == ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ [[ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ|ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ]] (ᱰᱤ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ), [[ᱜᱩᱱ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ|ᱜᱩᱱ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ]] (ᱠᱤᱣ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ.ᱮᱥ), ᱟᱨ [[ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱦᱟᱨ|ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱦᱟᱨ]] ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref name="etches2006">{{cite journal | vauthors = Etches V, Frank J, Di Ruggiero E, Manuel D | title = Measuring population health: a review of indicators | journal = Annual Review of Public Health | volume = 27 | pages = 29–55 | year = 2006 | pmid = 16533108 | doi = 10.1146/annurev.publhealth.27.021405.102141 | doi-access = free }}</ref> === ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ === [[Image:All causes DALYs per 100,000 people gradient world map (2021).svg|thumb|᱒᱐᱒᱑ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱑᱐᱐,᱐᱐᱐ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱯᱤᱪᱷᱤ ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ:<div style="text-align: left"> {{legend|#e0e0e0|ᱰᱟᱴᱟ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜᱼᱟ}} {{legend|#ffffcc|᱒۳,᱕᱐᱐ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ}} {{legend|#ffeda0|᱒᱓,᱕᱐᱐-᱓᱑,᱐᱐᱐}} {{legend|#fed976|᱓᱑,᱐᱐᱐-᱓᱘,᱕᱐᱐}} {{legend|#feb24c|᱓᱘,᱕᱐᱐-᱔᱖,᱐᱐᱐}} {{legend|#fd8d3c|᱔᱖,᱐᱐᱐-᱕᱓,᱕᱐᱐}} {{legend|#fc4e2a|᱕᱓,᱕᱐᱐-᱖᱑,᱐᱐᱐}} {{legend|#e31a1c|᱖᱑,᱐᱐᱐-᱖᱘,᱕᱐᱐}} {{legend|#bd0026|᱖᱘,᱕᱐᱐-᱗᱖,᱐᱐᱐}} {{legend|#800026|᱗᱖,᱐᱐᱐ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ}} </div>]] {{Main|ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ}} ᱰᱤ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱨᱟᱝᱥ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱠᱷᱟᱸᱰᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱱᱚᱥᱴᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ [[ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ|ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ]], [[ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ|ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ]], ᱟᱨ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱰᱤ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱥᱴᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ "ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ" ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱰᱤ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱱᱚᱥᱴᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱚᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟᱝ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱱᱚᱥᱴᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱜᱽ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ === ᱜᱩᱱ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ === {{Main|ᱜᱩᱱ-ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ}} ᱠᱤᱣ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ.ᱮᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱥᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱥᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ [[ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱱ (ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ)|ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱱ]] ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱟ: ᱡᱩᱫᱤ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱱᱚᱝ ᱢᱤᱫ (ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ) ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ, ᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱱᱚᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ (ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ) ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾ QALY ᱦᱤᱥᱟᱹᱵᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱜᱚᱱᱚᱝ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱮᱦᱟᱸᱰ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱥᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚᱦᱚᱭᱟ᱾ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ: ᱚᱱᱠᱟᱱ ᱴᱮᱠᱱᱤᱠ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱚᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱯᱚᱥᱚᱱᱫᱽ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱡᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱠᱚᱞ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟ, ᱥᱟᱨᱵᱷᱮ ᱥᱮ ᱵᱤᱥᱞᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱚᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱤᱪᱷᱟᱹ ᱟᱱᱢᱟᱱᱟ, ᱥᱮ ᱚᱱᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱚᱱᱛᱨᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱤᱠᱤᱪᱷᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱥᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱟᱥᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱮᱦᱟᱸᱰ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref name="etches2006" /> === ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ === {{Main|ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ|ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ}} ᱕ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱰᱤ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ.ᱮᱥ ᱥᱮ ᱠᱤᱣ.ᱮ.ᱮᱞ.ᱣᱟᱭ.ᱮᱥ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱥᱩᱱᱤᱨᱫᱤᱥᱴᱚ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ|ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ]] ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱮᱢ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱮᱡ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱥᱚᱠᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Mulholland E, Smith L, Carneiro I, Becher H, Lehmann D | title = Equity and child-survival strategies | journal = Bulletin of the World Health Organization | volume = 86 | issue = 5 | pages = 399–407 | date = May 2008 | pmid = 18545743 | pmc = 2647438 | doi = 10.2471/BLT.07.044545 }}</ref> === ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱨ === {{Main|ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱨ}} ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱨᱮ [[ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱨ|ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱨ]], [[ᱯᱨᱚᱵᱚᱞᱚᱛᱟ|ᱯᱨᱚᱵᱚᱞᱚᱛᱟ]], ᱟᱨ [[ᱡᱚᱜᱽ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ|ᱡᱚᱜᱽ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ]] ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱚᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ ᱮ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱚᱪᱚᱭᱟ᱾ ᱡᱩᱫᱤᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱤᱫᱼᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱞ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱨᱚᱠᱟᱥᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱚᱱᱩᱯᱟᱛ ᱥᱮ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱨᱚᱠᱟᱥᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ == ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ == {{see also|ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱜᱟᱨ}} [[File:Life expectancy by world region since 1770, OWID.svg|thumb|᱑᱗᱗᱐ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱒᱐᱑᱘ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ, ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱟᱥᱟ]] ᱑᱙᱔᱕ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ [[ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ]] ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ [[ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱮᱸᱠ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ]] ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱥᱚᱯᱚᱦᱚᱫ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱑᱙᱔᱘ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ, ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱫ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ]] ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱑᱙᱔᱗ ᱟᱨ ᱑᱙᱔᱘ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱨ (ᱤᱡᱤᱯᱴ) ᱨᱮ ᱒᱐,᱐᱐᱐ ᱦᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱨᱟ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮ ᱩᱫᱽᱜᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web|title=History of WHO|author=World Health Organization|url=https://www.who.int/library/historical/access/who/index.en.shtml|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061207150944/http://www.who.int/library/historical/access/who/index.en.shtml|archive-date=2006-12-07}}</ref> ᱰᱟᱵᱽᱞᱩ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ.ᱳ (WHO) ᱟᱡᱟᱜ [[WHO ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱨᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱰᱮᱞ ᱞᱤᱥᱴᱤ|ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱨᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱰᱮᱞ ᱞᱤᱥᱴᱤ]] ᱮ ᱪᱷᱟᱯᱟ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱑᱙۷᱘ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ [[ᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱟᱴᱟ ᱜᱷᱳᱥᱱᱟ]] ᱫᱚ [[ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱛ ᱮ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite report|title=Primary Health Care: Report of the International Conference on Primary Health Care|location=Geneva|publisher=World Health Organization|year=1978|url=http://www.unicef.org/about/history/files/Alma_Ata_conference_1978_report.pdf|access-date=2014-05-06|archive-date=2017-08-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170829195121/https://www.unicef.org/about/history/files/Alma_Ata_conference_1978_report.pdf}}</ref> ᱒᱐᱐᱐ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱢᱤᱴ ᱨᱮ, ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱫ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱤᱨᱟᱹᱞ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ [[ᱢᱤᱞᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱡᱚᱥ]] (MDGs) ᱠᱚ ᱜᱷᱳᱥᱱᱟ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ,<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Kumar S, Kumar N, Vivekadhish S | title = Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): Addressing Unfinished Agenda and Strengthening Sustainable Development and Partnership | journal = Indian Journal of Community Medicine | volume = 41 | issue = 1 | pages = 1–4 | date = January–March 2016 | pmid = 26917865 | pmc = 4746946 | doi = 10.4103/0970-0218.170955 | doi-access = free }}</ref> ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱑᱕ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web|title=Resolution adopted by the General Assembly, 55/2|date=18 September 2000|publisher=United Nations|url=https://www.un.org/millennium/declaration/ares552e.pdf}}</ref> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱜᱷᱳᱥᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱟᱱ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱤᱡ ᱟᱨ ᱧᱟᱢᱤᱡ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱚᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱤᱱᱤᱭᱳᱜᱽ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱮᱢ.ᱰᱤ.ᱡᱤ (MDG) ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱴᱷᱟᱢᱳ ᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱞᱟᱦᱟᱱᱛᱤ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref name=":0">{{Cite web | url = https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/post2015/transformingourworld | title = Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development .:. Sustainable Development Knowledge Platform | website = sustainabledevelopment.un.org | access-date = 2016-02-26 }}</ref> ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ, ᱞᱟᱦᱟᱱᱛᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ-ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ [[ᱮᱸᱜᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ|ᱮᱸᱜᱟᱛ]], ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ [[ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ]] ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱮᱢ.ᱰᱤ.ᱡᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾<ref name=":0" /> ᱮᱢ.ᱰᱤ.ᱡᱤ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱮᱦᱟᱸᱰ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱒᱐᱑᱖-᱒᱐᱓᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱑᱗ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ [[ᱴᱮᱠᱥᱚᱭ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱠᱚ]] (SDGs) ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱴᱮᱠᱥᱚᱭ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱰᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref name=":0" /> ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ [[ᱴᱮᱠᱥᱚᱭ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱑|ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱪᱟᱵᱟᱭ]] ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱤᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ᱾<ref name=":1">{{Cite web | url = http://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/sdgoverview/ | title = Sustainable Development Goals | website = UNDP | access-date = 2016-02-26 | archive-date = 2016-03-04 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160304031536/http://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/sdgoverview/ }}</ref> ᱒᱕ ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱑᱕ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ, ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱑᱙᱓ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱒᱐᱓᱐ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱰᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱯᱱᱟᱨ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ''ᱟᱵᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ: ᱴᱮᱠᱥᱚᱭ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱒᱐᱓᱐ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱰᱟ''᱾<ref name=":1" /> ᱒᱐᱐᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱫᱚᱥᱚᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱒᱐᱐᱐ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱤᱠᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ [[ᱜᱟᱵᱷᱤ]], ᱒᱐᱐᱒ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ [[ᱮᱰᱥ, ᱴᱤᱵᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱞᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱥᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱯᱷᱟᱱᱰ]], ᱒᱐᱐᱓ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ [[ᱮᱰᱥ ᱨᱮᱞᱤᱯᱷ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱜᱚᱢᱠᱮ ᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱢᱟᱨᱡᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱯᱞᱮᱱ]], ᱟᱨ ᱒᱐᱐᱕ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ [[ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱜᱚᱢᱠᱮ ᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱞᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ]] ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚᱥᱚᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱨ [[ᱢᱚᱱᱴᱮᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱱᱥᱮᱱᱥᱟᱥ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ (ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱹᱵᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱡᱳᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱯᱟᱸᱡᱟ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ),<ref>{{cite news | vauthors = Price N |title=Countries gather to fight poverty |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/647423631/ |access-date=21 November 2022 |work=The Sacramento Bee |date=March 23, 2002 |page=A13 }}</ref> ᱥᱩᱢᱩᱝ ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱚᱪ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱢᱟᱱ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱡᱳᱨ ᱮᱢ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web | vauthors = Mark Dybul M | work = The Catalyst | publisher = George W. Bush Institute | url = https://www.bushcenter.org/catalyst/africa/dybul-advance-of-global-health.html | title = How HIV, SARS, and Ebola Put Global Health on the Agenda | date = Summer 2017 }}</ref> ᱒᱐᱑᱕ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ''[[ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ]]'' ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱪᱷᱟᱯᱟ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱮᱦᱮᱧᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱑᱐᱐ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Hoffman SJ | title = Ending medical complicity in state-sponsored torture | journal = Lancet | volume = 378 | issue = 9802 | pages = 1535–7 | date = October 2011 | pmid = 21944647 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(11)60816-7 | ssrn = 2725729 | s2cid = 45829194 }}</ref> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ [[ᱵᱤᱞ ᱠᱞᱤᱱᱴᱚᱱ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ [[ᱯᱤᱴᱟᱨ ᱯᱤᱭᱳᱴ]] ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ, ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱠᱤᱞᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱠᱚ ᱚᱞ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ, ᱟᱨ [[ᱴᱤᱠᱟᱹ]] ᱠᱚ, [[ᱮᱱᱴᱤᱢᱟᱭᱠᱨᱳᱵᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱴᱮᱠᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ]], [[ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱦᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ|ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ]], [[ᱫᱷᱩᱸᱜᱟᱹ ᱧᱩ|ᱛᱷᱟᱢᱟᱠᱩᱨ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ]], ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ, [[ᱦᱚᱭᱦᱤᱥᱤᱫ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ]], ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ, ᱨᱟᱱ ᱧᱟᱢ, ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱚᱵᱷᱟᱨᱮᱡᱽ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱛᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱥᱟᱢᱨᱟᱡᱽᱭᱚᱵᱟᱫᱤ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱰᱤᱠᱚᱞᱳᱱᱟᱭᱡᱮᱥᱚᱱ (decolonisation) ᱥᱮ ᱩᱯᱚᱱᱤᱵᱮᱥᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱟᱹᱵᱤ ᱨᱟᱠᱟᱵ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=Kwete X, Tang K, Chen L, Ren R, Chen Q, Wu Z, Cai Y, Li H |date=January 2022 |title=Decolonizing global health: what should be the target of this movement and where does it lead us? |journal=Global Health Research and Policy |volume=7 |issue=1 |article-number=3 |doi=10.1186/s41256-022-00237-3 |pmc=8784247 |pmid=35067229 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Rasheed MA |date=December 2021 |title=Navigating the violent process of decolonisation in global health research: a guideline |journal=The Lancet. Global Health |volume=9 |issue=12 |pages=e1640–1 |doi=10.1016/S2214-109X(21)00440-X |pmid=34798014 |s2cid=244286291 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Affun-Adegbulu C, Adegbulu O |date=August 2020 |title=Decolonising Global (Public) Health: from Western universalism to Global pluriversalities |journal=BMJ Global Health |volume=5 |issue=8 |article-number=e002947 |doi=10.1136/bmjgh-2020-002947 |pmc=7443258 |pmid=32819916 |s2cid=221220715}}</ref> ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱤᱠᱳᱥᱤᱥᱴᱮᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱢᱚᱱᱛᱚᱵᱟᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱴᱷᱟᱢᱳ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ-ᱟᱭ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱥᱚᱸᱥᱛᱷᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱢᱨᱟᱡᱽᱭᱚᱵᱟᱫᱤ "ᱢᱩᱠᱩᱴ" ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Keshri VR, Bhaumik S |date=September 2022 |title=The feudal structure of global health and its implications for decolonisation |journal=BMJ Global Health |volume=7 |issue=9 |article-number=e010603 |doi=10.1136/bmjgh-2022-010603 |pmc=9516156 |pmid=36167407 |s2cid=252565623}}</ref> == ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱛᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ == === ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲᱚᱜ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ === ==== ᱥᱟᱦᱮᱫ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ==== {{Main|ᱥᱟᱦᱮᱫ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ}} ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱮᱫ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱞᱩᱛᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱮᱢᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref name="Lopez AD 2006">{{cite journal | vauthors = Lopez AD, Mathers CD, Ezzati M, Jamison DT, Murray CJ | title = Global and regional burden of disease and risk factors, 2001: systematic analysis of population health data | journal = Lancet | volume = 367 | issue = 9524 | pages = 1747–57 | date = May 2006 | pmid = 16731270 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(06)68770-9 | s2cid = 22609505 }}</ref> ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱛ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱦᱮᱫ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ [[ᱴᱤᱵᱷᱤ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ]], [[ᱦᱟᱢ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ]], [[ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱞᱩᱭᱮᱱᱡᱟ]], [[ᱠᱳᱨᱳᱱᱟᱵᱷᱟᱭᱨᱟᱥ|ᱠᱳᱨᱳᱱᱟᱵᱷᱟᱭᱨᱟᱥ ᱠᱚ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱱᱤᱣᱢᱳᱱᱤᱭᱟ]] ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱛᱷᱟᱠᱨᱚᱢᱮ ''[[ᱢᱟᱭᱠᱳᱵᱮᱠᱴᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱴᱤᱣᱵᱟᱨᱠᱤᱣᱞᱳᱥᱤᱥ]]'', ''[[ᱢᱚᱨᱵᱤᱞᱤᱵᱷᱟᱭᱨᱟᱥ]]'', ''[[ᱦᱤᱢᱳᱯᱷᱤᱞᱟᱥ ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱞᱩᱭᱮᱱᱡᱤ]]'' ᱟᱨ ''[[ᱱᱤᱣᱢᱳᱠᱳᱠᱟᱭ]]'' ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱥᱟᱦᱮᱫ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱤᱲ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤᱜᱼᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ ᱫᱚ [[ᱯᱷᱩᱥᱯᱷᱩᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱡᱷᱟ ᱒᱐ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱵᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱯᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Mizgerd JP | title = Lung infection--a public health priority | journal = PLOS Medicine | volume = 3 | issue = 2 | article-number = e76 | date = February 2006 | pmid = 16401173 | pmc = 1326257 | doi = 10.1371/journal.pmed.0030076 | doi-access = free }}</ref> ==== ᱰᱟᱭᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ==== {{Main|ᱰᱟᱭᱨᱤᱭᱟ}} [[ᱰᱟᱭᱨᱤᱭᱟ]] ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱕ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱑᱗% ᱜᱩᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱟᱹᱭᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.childinfo.org/709.htm |title=Statistics by Area — Diarrhoeal disease — The challenge |publisher=UNICEF |access-date=2013-01-12}}</ref> ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡ [[sanitation|ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱪᱟ ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱪᱤ]] ᱫᱚ ᱫᱟᱜ, ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ, ᱵᱟᱹᱴᱤ ᱛᱷᱟᱹᱨᱤ, ᱛᱤ, ᱟᱨ ᱨᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱠᱴᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱟᱭᱨᱟᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱰᱟᱭᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱤᱠᱤᱪᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ [[ᱢᱚᱪᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱯᱮᱨᱮᱡ ᱛᱤᱠᱤᱪᱷᱟ]] ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱣ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱮᱭ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱚᱪᱚᱭᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Taylor CE, Greenough WB | title = Control of diarrheal diseases | journal = Annual Review of Public Health | volume = 10 | pages = 221–244 | year = 1989 | pmid = 2655632 | doi = 10.1146/annurev.pu.10.050189.001253 | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Victora CG, Bryce J, Fontaine O, Monasch R | title = Reducing deaths from diarrhoea through oral rehydration therapy | journal = Bulletin of the World Health Organization | volume = 78 | issue = 10 | pages = 1246–55 | year = 2000 | pmid = 11100619 | pmc = 2560623 }}</ref> ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱩᱥᱴᱤ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ [[ᱛᱳᱣᱟ ᱧᱩ ᱚᱪᱚ]] ᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱸᱠ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱮᱢ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱡᱩᱫᱤᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱩᱢᱩᱝ ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱪᱟ ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱪᱤ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ [[ᱨᱳᱴᱟᱵᱷᱟᱭᱨᱟᱥ]] ᱰᱟᱭᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱴᱮᱠᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱡᱚᱛᱷᱮᱥᱴᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.rotavirusvaccine.org/documents/WHO_position_paper_rotavirus_2007_000.pdf |title=Rotavirus Vaccine Access and Delivery — PATH |publisher=Rotavirusvaccine.org |date=2011-12-07 |access-date=2013-01-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091222043141/http://www.rotavirusvaccine.org/documents/WHO_position_paper_rotavirus_2007_000.pdf |archive-date=2009-12-22 }}</ref> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱚᱪ ᱟᱱ ᱴᱤᱠᱟᱹ ᱛᱮ ᱴᱮᱠᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Valencia-Mendoza A, Bertozzi SM, Gutierrez JP, Itzler R | title = Cost-effectiveness of introducing a rotavirus vaccine in developing countries: the case of Mexico | journal = BMC Infectious Diseases | volume = 8 | article-number = 103 | date = July 2008 | pmid = 18664280 | pmc = 2527317 | doi = 10.1186/1471-2334-8-103 | doi-access = free }}</ref> ==== ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ/ᱮᱰᱥ ==== {{Main|ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ|ᱮᱰᱥ}} ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ/ᱮᱰᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ [[ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ]] ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱟᱹᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱮ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱠᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱯᱟᱸᱡᱟ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱨᱮᱱᱰ ᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾ ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱯᱷᱟᱱᱰ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Coovadia HM, Hadingham J | title = HIV/AIDS: global trends, global funds and delivery bottlenecks | journal = Globalization and Health | volume = 1 | article-number = 13 | date = August 2005 | pmid = 16060961 | pmc = 1199613 | doi = 10.1186/1744-8603-1-13 | doi-access = free }}</ref> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ, ᱗᱐ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ ᱵᱷᱟᱭᱨᱟᱥ ᱛᱮᱠᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱓᱕ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱜᱚᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ, ᱒᱐᱑᱗ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱓᱖.᱙ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ [᱓᱑.᱑–᱔᱓.᱙ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ] ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱟᱸᱫᱟᱡᱽ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱕-᱔᱙ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱐.᱘% [᱐.᱖–᱐.᱙%] ᱥᱮᱬᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ, ᱡᱩᱫᱤᱦᱚᱸ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱡᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ᱾ ᱵᱟᱵᱽᱞᱩ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ.ᱳ ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱣ ᱒᱕ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱮᱬᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱑ ᱦᱚᱲ (᱔.᱑%) ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱯᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{Cite web |title=HIV/AIDS |url=https://www.who.int/gho/hiv/en/ |access-date=2018-11-01 |website=World Health Organization }}</ref> ᱦᱤᱣᱢᱮᱱ ᱤᱢᱤᱭᱩᱱᱳᱰᱮᱯᱷᱤᱥᱤᱭᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱵᱷᱟᱭᱨᱟᱥ (ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ) ᱫᱚ ᱵᱮ-ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱮᱠᱥ, ᱵᱟᱝ-ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱪᱟ ᱥᱩᱭ, [[ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱢ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ]], ᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱥᱮ [[ᱛᱳᱣᱟ ᱧᱩ ᱚᱪᱚ]] ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱮᱸᱜᱟᱛ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ, ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ [[ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ]] ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱠᱚᱢ-ᱟᱭ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱡᱟᱭᱱᱟᱞ ᱥᱮᱠᱥ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱐.᱓᱘% ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱐.᱓% ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{Cite web |title=Estimated HIV transmission risk per exposure for specific activities and events |date=15 May 2020 |url=https://www.aidsmap.com/Estimated-risk-per-exposure/page/1324038/#item1324093}}</ref> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱢᱤᱭᱩᱱ ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱮᱢ ᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱮᱠᱣᱟᱨᱰ ᱤᱢᱤᱭᱩᱱᱳᱰᱮᱯᱷᱤᱥᱤᱭᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱥᱤᱱᱰᱨᱳᱢ (ᱮᱰᱥ) ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾ [[ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ/ᱮᱰᱥ ᱥᱟᱢᱵᱽᱲᱟᱣ|ᱮᱱᱴᱤᱨᱮᱴᱨᱳᱵᱷᱟᱭᱨᱟᱞ ᱨᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ]] ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱡᱤᱞᱤᱧᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱰᱥ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱚᱪᱚᱭᱟ᱾ ==== ᱢᱮᱞᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ==== {{Main|ᱢᱮᱞᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ}} ᱢᱮᱞᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱠᱬᱤᱡ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲᱚᱜ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ''[[ᱯᱞᱟᱡᱽᱢᱳᱰᱤᱭᱟᱢ]]'' ᱡᱟᱹᱛ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱯᱮᱨᱟᱥᱟᱭᱤᱴ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ, ᱵᱚᱦᱚᱜ ᱦᱟᱹᱥᱩ, ᱨᱟᱵᱟᱝ, ᱡᱤᱞ ᱦᱟᱹᱥᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱞᱟᱹ ᱩᱞᱟᱹ ᱟᱹᱭᱠᱟᱹᱣ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱡᱟᱣ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱸᱫᱟᱡᱽ ᱕᱐᱐ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱢᱮᱞᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱮᱨᱮᱡ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref name="Birn">{{cite book | vauthors = Birn A, Pillay Y, Holtz T |url=https://archive.org/details/textbookofintern0000birn |title=Textbook of International Health |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2009 |isbn=978-0-19-971985-3 |edition=3rd |page=[https://archive.org/details/textbookofintern0000birn/page/273 273] |url-access=registration}}</ref> ᱰᱟᱵᱽᱞᱩ.ᱮᱪ.ᱳ ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱢᱮᱞᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱵᱚᱡᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱮ ᱦᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾ ᱒᱐᱑᱖ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱙᱐% ᱢᱮᱞᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱙᱑% ᱢᱮᱞᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{Cite web |title=Malaria key facts |url=https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/malaria}}</ref> [[ᱢᱚᱥᱟᱨᱤ|ᱨᱟᱱ ᱮᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱚᱥᱟᱨᱤ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱮᱞᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱚᱢ-ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱚᱪ ᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱞᱚᱜᱚᱱ [[ᱟᱨᱴᱮᱢᱤᱥᱤᱱᱤᱱ]]-ᱴᱮᱦᱟᱸᱰᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱢᱵᱤᱱᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱛᱷᱮᱨᱟᱯᱤ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱮᱨᱮᱡ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ [[ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱮᱠᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱛᱷᱮᱨᱟᱯᱤ]] ᱛᱮ ᱜᱚᱲᱚᱭ ᱧᱟᱢᱟ᱾ [[ᱮᱱᱰᱮᱢᱤᱠ (ᱮᱯᱤᱰᱮᱢᱤᱭᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ)|ᱮᱱᱰᱮᱢᱤᱠ]] ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱫᱟᱬᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱫᱟᱬᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ [[ᱢᱮᱞᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱴᱮᱠᱟᱣ ᱨᱟᱱ]] ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ [[ᱮᱴᱳᱵᱷᱟᱠᱩᱭᱳᱱ/ᱯᱨᱳᱜᱩᱣᱟᱱᱤᱞ|ᱮᱴᱳᱵᱷᱟᱠᱩᱭᱳᱱ-ᱯᱨᱳᱜᱩᱣᱟᱱᱤᱞ]], [[ᱰᱚᱠᱥᱤᱥᱟᱭᱠᱞᱤᱱ]], ᱥᱮ [[ᱢᱮᱯᱷᱞᱳᱠᱩᱭᱤᱱ]] ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ [[ᱠᱮᱢᱳᱯᱨᱳᱯᱷᱟᱭᱞᱮᱠᱥᱤᱥ]] ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱤᱥᱟᱹ ᱮᱢ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{Cite web |publisher= U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |date=2018-01-26 |title=Malaria – Travelers – Malaria Information and Prophylaxis, by Country |url=https://www.cdc.gov/malaria/travelers/country_table/a.html |access-date=2018-11-01 }}</ref> ᱵᱤᱨ ᱢᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱯᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱮᱞᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ-ᱥᱚᱡᱷᱮ ᱛᱮ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱢᱟᱜ ᱩᱡᱟᱹᱲᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱢᱟᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱮᱞᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱞᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ ᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref name="pmid32152272">{{cite journal | vauthors = Chaves LS, Fry J, Malik A, Geschke A, Sallum MA, Lenzen M | title = Global consumption and international trade in deforestation-associated commodities could influence malaria risk | journal = Nature Communications | volume = 11 | issue = 1 | article-number = 1258 | date = March 2020 | pmid = 32152272 | pmc = 7062889 | doi = 10.1038/s41467-020-14954-1 | bibcode = 2020NatCo..11.1258C }}</ref> ==== ᱵᱮᱠᱴᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱯᱮᱛᱷᱳᱡᱮᱱ ᱠᱚ ==== [[File:Global number of deaths (A) and YLLs (B), by pathogen and GBD super-region, 2019.jpg|thumb|᱒᱐᱑᱙ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱮᱛᱷᱳᱡᱮᱱ ᱟᱨ [[ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱲᱦᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱪᱟᱯ|ᱡᱤ.ᱵᱤ.ᱰᱤ]] ᱥᱩᱯᱟᱨ-ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱞ (ᱮ) ᱟᱨ [[ᱱᱚᱥᱴᱚ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱚ]] (ᱵᱤ)<ref name="Ikuta_2022"/>]] [[File:Overall age-standardised mortality rate per 100 000 population for 33 pathogens investigated, 2019.jpg|thumb|᱒᱐᱑᱙ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱓᱓ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱯᱮᱛᱷᱳᱡᱮᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱑᱐᱐,᱐᱐᱐ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱯᱤᱪᱷᱤ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ-ᱢᱟᱱᱚᱠ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱦᱟᱨ<ref name="Ikuta_2022"/>]] ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ [[ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱲᱦᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱪᱟᱯ|ᱡᱤ.ᱵᱤ.ᱰᱤ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ]] ᱫᱚ (᱓᱓) ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱵᱮᱠᱴᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱯᱮᱛᱷᱳᱡᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱸᱫᱟᱡᱽ ᱮ ᱨᱤᱯᱳᱨᱴ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟᱱ ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ [[ᱨᱮᱴ ᱦᱤᱥᱟᱹᱵᱽ ᱛᱮ ᱜᱚᱡ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱡᱮ|᱘ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱑ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ]] ᱮ ᱮᱢᱮᱫᱟ (ᱥᱮ ~᱗.᱗ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱜᱩᱨ), ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ {{tooltip|ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟᱭ|ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ "ᱡᱤ.ᱵᱤ.ᱰᱤ ᱞᱮᱵᱷᱮᱞ ᱓ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱛᱩᱞᱟᱹᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ"}} ᱒᱐᱑᱙ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref name="Ikuta_2022">{{cite journal | title = Global mortality associated with 33 bacterial pathogens in 2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 | journal = Lancet | volume = 400 | issue = 10369 | pages = 2221–48 | date = December 2022 | pmid = 36423648 | pmc = 9763654 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(22)02185-7 | doi-access = free | vauthors = Ikuta KS, Swetschinski LR, Robles Aguilar G, Sharara F, Mestrovic T, Gray AP, Davis Weaver N, Wool EE, Han C, Gershberg Hayoon A, Aali A, Abate SM, Abbasi-Kangevari M, Abbasi-Kangevari Z, Abd-Elsalam S, Abebe G, Abedi A, Abhari AP, Abidi H, Aboagye RG, Absalan A, Abubaker Ali H, Acuna JM, Adane TD, Addo IY, Adegboye OA, Adnan M, Adnani QE, Afzal MS, Afzal S | display-authors = 6 | bibcode = 2022Lanc..400.2221I }}</ref> == ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ == == ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱮ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝᱼᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱛᱮᱛᱮᱫ ᱠᱚ == == ᱜᱚᱱᱚᱴᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ == ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱥᱮ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ-ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ: * [[ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ]] ** [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ]] *** [[ᱠᱮᱱᱥᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱥᱤ]] (ᱟᱭ.ᱮ.ᱟᱨ.ᱥᱤ) *** [[ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱰᱟᱵᱽᱞᱩ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ.ᱳ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ]] (ᱰᱟᱵᱽᱞᱩ.ᱠᱮ.ᱥᱤ) ** [[ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱯᱷᱟᱱᱰ]] (ᱭᱩ.ᱮᱱ.ᱟᱭ.ᱥᱤ.ᱤ.ᱮᱯᱷ) ** [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ]] (ᱰᱟᱵᱽᱞᱩ.ᱮᱯᱷ.ᱯᱤ) * [[ᱯᱮᱱ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ]] (ᱯᱤ.ᱮ.ᱮᱪ.ᱳ) * [[ᱞᱟᱨᱟᱜ ᱠᱨᱚᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱠᱚᱢᱤᱴᱤ]] * [[ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱴᱮᱠᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ]] (ᱥᱤ.ᱰᱤ.ᱥᱤ) * [[ᱮᱰᱥ, ᱴᱤᱵᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱞᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱥᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱯᱷᱟᱱᱰ]] * [[ᱮᱰᱥ ᱨᱮᱞᱤᱯᱷ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱜᱚᱢᱠᱮ ᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱢᱟᱨᱡᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱯᱞᱮᱱ]] (PEPFAR) ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱮ-ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ: * [[ᱢᱮᱰᱮᱥᱤᱱᱥ ᱥᱟᱱᱥ ᱯᱷᱨᱚᱱᱴᱤᱭᱟᱨᱥ]] (ᱰᱚᱠᱴᱚᱨᱥ ᱣᱤᱫᱟᱣᱩᱴ ᱵᱚᱨᱰᱟᱨᱥ, ᱮᱢ.ᱮᱥ.ᱮᱯᱷ) * [[ᱵᱤᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱞᱤᱱᱰᱟ ᱜᱮᱴᱥ ᱯᱷᱟᱣᱩᱱᱰᱮᱥᱚᱱ]] === ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱥᱞᱮᱥᱚᱱ === ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱡᱚᱯᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱴᱨᱮᱱᱰ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ "ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱟᱯᱱᱟᱨ ᱠᱩᱥᱤ ᱯᱷᱟᱱᱰᱤᱝ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱥᱮ ᱡᱤᱞᱤᱧ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱷᱟᱱᱰᱤᱝ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱺᱜᱤᱧ; ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ-ᱥᱴᱮᱠᱦᱳᱞᱰᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱨᱣᱟᱣᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ-ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱛᱤᱱᱤᱫᱷᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱺᱜᱤᱧ; ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱠᱲᱟ ᱟᱹᱭᱫᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱮ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ-ᱴᱮᱦᱟᱸᱰ ᱥᱚᱡᱷᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱮᱢᱤᱠ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱺᱜᱤᱧ"᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Clinton C, Sridhar D | title = Who pays for cooperation in global health? A comparative analysis of WHO, the World Bank, the Global Fund to Fight HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria, and Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance | journal = Lancet | volume = 390 | issue = 10091 | pages = 324–332 | date = July 2017 | pmid = 28139255 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)32402-3 | hdl = 20.500.11820/6efaf7e1-836c-42a6-a582-c7e5c7b458fd | s2cid = 23911963 | url = https://www.pure.ed.ac.uk/ws/files/29477386/PURE_ID_29477293_LancetClintonSridharFinalDS.pdf | hdl-access = free }}</ref> [[State (polity)|ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ]]-ᱟᱹᱭᱩᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱠᱩᱨᱩᱢᱩᱴᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱷᱟᱹᱫᱽ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱤᱪᱷᱟᱹ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ "ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ, ᱱᱚᱡᱚᱨ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ, ᱟᱨ ᱛᱤᱠᱤᱪᱷᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱩᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱞᱚᱜᱚᱱ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜ, ᱞᱚᱡᱤᱥᱴᱤᱠᱥ, ᱥᱟᱜᱟᱲᱚᱢ, ᱟᱨ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ-ᱦᱤᱥᱟᱹᱵᱽ ᱥᱚᱢᱯᱚᱛᱤ" ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Michaud J, Moss K, Licina D, Waldman R, Kamradt-Scott A, Bartee M, Lim M, Williamson J, Burkle F, Polyak CS, Thomson N, Heymann DL, Lillywhite L | display-authors = 6 | title = Militaries and global health: peace, conflict, and disaster response | journal = Lancet | volume = 393 | issue = 10168 | pages = 276–286 | date = January 2019 | pmid = 30663597 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)32838-1 | s2cid = 58624715 | doi-access = free }}</ref> === ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱰᱟ === ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱰᱟ (GHSA) ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ "ᱟᱭᱢᱟ-ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ, ᱟᱭᱢᱟ-ᱥᱮᱠᱴᱚᱨ ᱠᱩᱨᱩᱢᱩᱴᱩ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱖᱐ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱯᱨᱟᱭᱵᱷᱮᱴ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱤᱥᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲᱚᱜ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱮ ᱮᱢᱟ"᱾ ᱒᱖–᱒᱘ ᱢᱟᱨᱪ, ᱒᱐᱑᱘ ᱨᱮ, ᱡᱤ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ.ᱮᱥ.ᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱨᱡᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱤᱵᱤᱞᱤᱥᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲᱚᱜ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱭᱳᱥᱟᱨᱵᱷᱤᱞᱮᱱᱥ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ-ᱛᱷᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱟᱯᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ ᱮ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ, "ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ-ᱫᱤᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱹᱭᱠᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱮᱪ.ᱟᱭ.ᱵᱷᱤ/ᱮᱰᱥ, [[ᱥᱤᱵᱷᱤᱭᱟᱨ ᱮᱠᱤᱭᱩᱴ ᱨᱮᱥᱯᱤᱨᱮᱴᱚᱨᱤ ᱥᱤᱱᱰᱨᱳᱢ (SARS)]], [[:en:H1N1 influenza|ᱮᱪ᱑ᱮᱱ᱑ ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱞᱩᱭᱮᱱᱡᱟ]], [[:en:Multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis|ᱢᱟᱞᱴᱤ-ᱰᱨᱟᱜᱽ ᱨᱮᱥᱤᱥᱴᱮᱱᱴ ᱴᱤᱣᱵᱟᱨᱠᱤᱣᱞᱳᱥᱤᱥ]]—ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱥᱮ ᱫᱚᱲᱦᱟ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱛᱷᱤᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ ᱮ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱟᱹᱣᱟ"᱾<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://homelandprepnews.com/countermeasures/27450-u-s-critical-juncture-global-health-security-agenda/|title=U.S. at a critical juncture with Global Health Security Agenda| vauthors = Riley K |date=2018-03-21|work=Homeland Preparedness News|access-date=2018-03-23 }}</ref> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱟᱠᱷᱲᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱤ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ.ᱮᱥ.ᱮ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱜᱟᱛᱮ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ, ᱨᱤᱭᱮᱞ-ᱴᱟᱭᱤᱢ ᱥᱟᱨᱵᱷᱤᱞᱮᱱᱥ ᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱯᱮᱠᱮᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱮᱱᱮᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ, ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱜᱟᱛᱮ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱟᱣᱨᱟ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱤᱭᱮᱞ-ᱴᱟᱭᱤᱢ ᱥᱟᱨᱵᱷᱤᱞᱮᱱᱥ ᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱯᱮᱠᱮᱡᱽ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱠᱨᱚᱥ-ᱠᱟᱴᱤᱝ ᱯᱮᱠᱮᱡᱽ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲᱚᱜ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web | title = Global Health Security Agenda: Action Packages | date = 23 July 2021 | url = https://www.cdc.gov/globalhealth/security/actionpackages/default.htm | via = U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) }}</ref> ᱡᱤ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ.ᱮᱥ.ᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ, ᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱯᱮᱠᱮᱡᱽ, ᱴᱟᱥᱠ ᱯᱷᱳᱨᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱱᱭᱟ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱢᱮᱠᱟᱱᱤᱡᱚᱢ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟ᱾ ᱒᱐᱑᱕ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ, ᱡᱤ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ.ᱮᱥ.ᱮ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱴᱤᱭᱟᱨᱤᱝ ᱜᱨᱩᱯ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱑ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱯᱮᱠᱮᱡᱽ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱠᱤᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱩ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱵᱮᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱯᱮᱠᱮᱡᱽ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱫ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱱᱠᱩᱨᱮᱱ ᱜᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱤᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱩ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref name="Mcphee">{{cite journal | vauthors = McPhee E, Gronvall GK, Sell TK | title = Analysis of sectoral participation in the development of Joint External Evaluations | journal = BMC Public Health | volume = 19 | issue = 1 | article-number = 631 | date = May 2019 | pmid = 31122234 | pmc = 6533773 | doi = 10.1186/s12889-019-6978-8 | doi-access = free }}</ref> ᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱯᱮᱠᱮᱡᱽ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲᱚᱜ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱴᱮᱠᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ, ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹᱣ, ᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱤ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ.ᱮᱥ.ᱮ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱮᱦᱟᱸᱰ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱢᱤᱫᱼᱢᱤᱫ ᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱯᱮᱠᱮᱡᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱚᱬᱮ-ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱡᱚᱥ, ᱞᱟᱦᱟᱱᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱯ, ᱠᱷᱚᱡᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ, ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱤᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ, ᱟᱨ ᱵᱮᱥᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱟᱥᱮᱥᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱤᱥᱴᱤ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>{{cite web | work = CDC | date = 2016 | url = https://www.cdc.gov/globalhealth/security/actionpackages/default.htm | title = Global Health Security Agenda: Action Packages | access-date = 18 November 2019 }}</ref> ᱟᱭ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ.ᱟᱨ ᱢᱚᱱᱤᱴᱚᱨᱤᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱤᱵᱷᱟᱞᱩᱣᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱯᱷᱨᱮᱢᱣᱟᱨᱠ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱰᱩᱠ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ, ᱡᱚᱭᱮᱱᱴ ᱮᱠᱥᱴᱟᱨᱱᱟᱞ ᱤᱵᱷᱟᱞᱩᱣᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱤᱥᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱥᱮᱥᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref name="Mcphee" /> ᱱᱤᱛ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱛᱮ, ᱡᱤ᱗ ᱜᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱤ.ᱭᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱗᱖ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱠᱤᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ, ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ (US) ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ.ᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱩ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱡᱤ.ᱮᱭᱤᱪ.ᱮᱥ.ᱮᱡᱚᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱓᱒ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱤᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹᱭ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾ ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱑᱔ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ, ᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱯᱮᱠᱮᱡᱽ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱦᱟᱱᱛᱤ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱟᱭᱞᱚᱴ ᱴᱩᱞ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ (ᱡᱚᱨᱡᱤᱭᱟ, ᱯᱮᱨᱩ, ᱩᱜᱟᱱᱰᱟ, ᱯᱚᱨᱛᱩᱜᱟᱞ, ᱡᱩᱢᱤᱫᱽ ᱨᱟᱡᱚᱥᱴᱷᱤ, ᱟᱨ ᱭᱩᱠᱨᱮᱱ) ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱩ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱟᱥᱮᱥᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱤᱪᱷᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾<ref name="pmid27314658">{{cite journal | vauthors = Wolicki SB, Nuzzo JB, Blazes DL, Pitts DL, Iskander JK, Tappero JW | title = Public Health Surveillance: At the Core of the Global Health Security Agenda | journal = Health Security | volume = 14 | issue = 3 | pages = 185–8 | date = 2016 | pmid = 27314658 | pmc = 6937158 | doi = 10.1089/hs.2016.0002 }}</ref> == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}} == ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ == 97amv6uldkzf6ykivbolnpi9oxy0gwn 0 36756 194325 2026-07-12T15:39:20Z RohitSonkar.nandulia 8910 "{{Infobox person | name = ᱨᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱮᱱᱰ ᱤ. ᱡᱤ. ᱢᱮᱱ (Rev. E. G. Man) | occupation = ᱟᱥᱤᱥᱴᱮᱱᱴ ᱠᱚᱢᱤᱥᱱᱚᱨ, ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱᱟᱨᱤ, ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ | known_for = ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱦᱱᱤ ᱛᱩᱢᱟᱹᱞ, "Santali and the Santals" ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ }} '''ᱨᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱮᱱᱰ ᱤ. ᱡᱤ. ᱢᱮᱱ''' ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ..." ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ 194325 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = ᱨᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱮᱱᱰ ᱤ. ᱡᱤ. ᱢᱮᱱ (Rev. E. G. Man) | occupation = ᱟᱥᱤᱥᱴᱮᱱᱴ ᱠᱚᱢᱤᱥᱱᱚᱨ, ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱᱟᱨᱤ, ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ | known_for = ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱦᱱᱤ ᱛᱩᱢᱟᱹᱞ, "Santali and the Santals" ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ }} '''ᱨᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱮᱱᱰ ᱤ. ᱡᱤ. ᱢᱮᱱ''' ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱤᱝᱨᱮᱡᱽ ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱᱟᱨᱤ, ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱛᱩᱢᱟᱹᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾ * <ref>ᱴᱩᱰᱩ, ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱚ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ (᱒᱐᱒᱐). ''ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱢᱚᱱᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱨᱟ'' (᱒ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ), ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱟᱵᱚᱛᱤ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ, ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ: ᱑᱔᱑᱾</ref> == ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ == ᱨᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱮᱱᱰ ᱤ. ᱡᱤ. ᱢᱮᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱯᱟᱨᱜᱟᱱᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱥᱤᱥᱴᱮᱱᱴ ᱠᱚᱢᱤᱥᱱᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱸᱠᱩᱲᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ 'ᱥᱟᱨᱮᱝᱜᱟ ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱ' ᱥᱟᱶ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱥᱩᱯᱩᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱹᱦᱤᱨ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ == ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ == ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱯᱟᱨᱜᱟᱱᱟ ᱨᱮ<ref>ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ, ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱢᱚᱞ (᱒᱐᱒᱓). ''ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱞᱤ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱛᱛᱮᱨ ᱤᱛᱤᱦᱟᱥ'' (᱗ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ), ᱱᱤᱨᱢᱚᱞ ᱵᱩᱠ ᱮᱢᱮᱱᱥᱤ, ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ: ᱑᱐᱕᱾</ref> ᱟᱥᱤᱥᱴᱮᱱᱴ ᱠᱚᱢᱤᱥᱱᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ, ᱢᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱦᱮᱵᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱦᱱᱤ (ᱞᱳᱠ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ) ᱠᱚᱭ ᱛᱩᱢᱟᱹᱞ ᱡᱟᱣᱨᱟ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱑᱘᱖᱗ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱥᱟᱛᱟᱢ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱪᱷᱟᱯᱟ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ "Santali and the Santals"᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱦᱱᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ <ref>ᱴᱩᱰᱩ, ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱚ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ (᱒᱐᱒᱐). ''ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱢᱚᱱᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱨᱟ'' (᱒ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ), ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱟᱵᱚᱛᱤ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ, ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ: ᱑᱔᱑᱾</ref> ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱮ, ᱵᱟᱸᱠᱩᱲᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱨᱮᱝᱜᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ, ᱠᱩᱫᱩᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱦᱱᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱩᱢᱟᱹᱞ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱛᱮᱭ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜᱟᱜ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱷᱚᱡᱽ ᱥᱮ ᱦᱚᱫᱤᱥ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ, ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱢᱚᱞ (᱒᱐᱒᱓). ''ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱞᱤ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱛᱛᱮᱨ ᱤᱛᱤᱦᱟᱥ'' (᱗ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ), ᱱᱤᱨᱢᱚᱞ ᱵᱩᱠ ᱮᱢᱮᱱᱥᱤ, ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ: ᱑᱐᱕᱾</ref> == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == <references /> * <ref>ᱴᱩᱰᱩ, ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱚ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ (᱒᱐᱒᱐). ''ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱢᱚᱱᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱨᱟ'' (᱒ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ), ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱟᱵᱚᱛᱤ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ, ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ: ᱑᱔᱑᱾</ref> * <ref>ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ, ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱢᱚᱞ (᱒᱐᱒᱓). ''ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱞᱤ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱛᱛᱮᱨ ᱤᱛᱤᱦᱟᱥ'' (᱗ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ), ᱱᱤᱨᱢᱚᱞ ᱵᱩᱠ ᱮᱢᱮᱱᱥᱤ, ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ: ᱑᱐᱕᱾</ref> l2i2wpgn9trosuce1xmgvqjju4pfop8 1 36757 194326 2026-07-12T15:46:08Z RohitSonkar.nandulia 8910 https://fountain.toolforge.org/editathons/wp25sat 194326 wikitext text/x-wiki {{wp25sat}} qhzngueepknbo901wcfy4m1qd7se8vs 14 36758 194342 2026-07-12T17:29:18Z ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱗ 1744 "[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]]" ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ 194342 wikitext text/x-wiki [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]] 12khyzawc51uvpeelsh0awlkrr49dl4 0 36759 194343 2026-07-12T17:42:17Z ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱗ 1744 "{{Infobox deity | name = ᱨᱚᱝᱜᱳᱨᱩᱡᱤ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ | type = ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ | gender = ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ | flora = ᱛᱮᱨᱮᱞ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ | priest = ᱫᱤᱦᱨᱤ }} '''ᱨᱚᱝᱜᱳᱨᱩᱡᱤ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ''' ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱩᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ..." ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ 194343 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox deity | name = ᱨᱚᱝᱜᱳᱨᱩᱡᱤ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ | type = ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ | gender = ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ | flora = ᱛᱮᱨᱮᱞ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ | priest = ᱫᱤᱦᱨᱤ }} '''ᱨᱚᱝᱜᱳᱨᱩᱡᱤ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ''' ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱩᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾<ref name="baske">ᱫᱷᱤᱨᱮᱱᱫᱽᱨᱚᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱮ, ''ᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱡᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱠᱳ'', ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱮ ᱯᱟᱵᱽᱞᱤᱠᱮᱥᱟᱱ, ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱑᱓ (᱕ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ)</ref> ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱮᱡ ᱱᱩᱭ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱟᱞᱚᱭ ᱱᱟᱨᱟᱡᱚᱜ ᱢᱟ, ᱵᱤᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱡᱟᱱᱣᱟᱨ ᱵᱚᱜᱮᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱢᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱜᱟᱹᱨ ᱢᱩᱦᱤᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣᱜ ᱢᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ ᱫᱤᱦᱨᱤ ᱱᱩᱭ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱭ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱟᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱩᱭ ᱠᱩᱥᱤ ᱦᱚᱪᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱟᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝᱟᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱫᱤᱦᱨᱤ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱚᱨᱫᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ == ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱛᱷᱟᱱ == ᱵᱤᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱮᱨᱮᱞ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱵᱩᱴᱟᱹ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱩᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱛᱷᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱛᱷᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱦᱚᱪᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱨᱚᱝᱜᱳᱨᱩᱡᱤ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱵᱩᱴᱟᱹ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱫᱷᱤᱨᱤ ᱥᱤᱸᱫᱩᱨ ᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱠᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name="baske"/> == ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱥᱮᱣᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱤᱭᱚᱢ == ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱞᱟᱦᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱚᱝᱜᱳᱨᱩᱡᱤ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱴᱷᱤᱠ ᱢᱚᱛᱚ ᱫᱮᱣᱟ-ᱥᱮᱣᱟ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱱᱟᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱤᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱤᱞ ᱟᱞᱚᱠᱚ ᱜᱚᱡ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱠᱚ ᱢᱟ ᱥᱮ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱳᱲᱟᱜ ᱟᱞᱚᱠᱚ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹᱲ ᱦᱤᱡᱩᱜ ᱢᱟ, ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱩᱯᱷᱟᱹᱫᱽ ᱟᱯᱷᱚᱫᱽ ᱮ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱟᱹᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ ᱨᱚᱝᱜᱳᱨᱩᱡᱤ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱡᱮᱢᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱠᱩᱥᱤᱜ ᱢᱟ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱤᱦᱨᱤ ᱫᱟᱬᱮ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝᱟ, ᱥᱤᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱦᱚᱸ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱮᱨᱮᱞ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱵᱩᱴᱟᱹ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱨᱚᱠᱚᱢ ᱵᱮ-ᱥᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ-ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱛᱷᱟᱱ ᱫᱚᱠᱚ ᱟᱸᱫᱚᱲᱟ ᱾<ref name="baske"/> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ J. Troisi ᱟᱨ ᱰᱨ. ᱚᱢᱚᱞᱮᱱᱫᱩ ᱢᱤᱛᱨᱚ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱟᱠᱤᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱨᱮᱠᱤᱱ ᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾ === ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱟᱬᱮ === ᱨᱚᱝᱜᱳᱨᱩᱡᱤ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱫᱤᱦᱨᱤ ᱨᱚᱝᱜᱳᱨᱩᱡᱤ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱛᱷᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱥᱟᱨ ᱮ ᱫᱚᱦᱚᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱩᱛᱟᱹᱢ ᱛᱮᱭ ᱜᱷᱮᱨᱟᱣ ᱮᱥᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱬᱮ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱸᱫᱩᱨ ᱴᱤᱠᱟᱹ ᱮᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱫᱽᱣᱟ ᱪᱟᱣᱞᱮᱭ ᱪᱩᱨᱩᱡᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱚᱣᱟᱭ ᱪᱷᱤᱴᱠᱟᱹᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱥᱤᱢ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱪᱷᱤᱴᱠᱟᱹᱣ ᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱚᱦᱚᱜ ᱨᱮ, ᱯᱷᱟᱠᱲᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱸᱫᱩᱨ ᱟᱛᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱟᱫᱽᱣᱟ ᱪᱟᱣᱞᱮ ᱟᱹᱛᱤᱧ ᱦᱚᱪᱚᱭᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱨᱚᱝᱜᱳᱨᱩᱡᱤ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱥᱤᱢ ᱮ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟ ᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱚᱬᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱥᱤᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ:<ref name="baske"/> * ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱚᱝᱜᱳᱨᱩᱡᱤ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱾ * ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱤᱦᱨᱤ ᱟᱡ ᱮ ᱥᱮᱣᱟᱭᱮ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱾ * ᱟᱨ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱾ == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == <references /> 4oto2sz33q5p8o09glcs4yhb4a6vt3o 194345 194343 2026-07-12T17:56:17Z ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱗ 1744 /* ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱥᱮᱣᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱤᱭᱚᱢ */ 194345 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox deity | name = ᱨᱚᱝᱜᱳᱨᱩᱡᱤ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ | type = ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ | gender = ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ | flora = ᱛᱮᱨᱮᱞ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ | priest = ᱫᱤᱦᱨᱤ }} '''ᱨᱚᱝᱜᱳᱨᱩᱡᱤ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ''' ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱩᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾<ref name="baske">ᱫᱷᱤᱨᱮᱱᱫᱽᱨᱚᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱮ, ''ᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱡᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱠᱳ'', ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱮ ᱯᱟᱵᱽᱞᱤᱠᱮᱥᱟᱱ, ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱑᱓ (᱕ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ)</ref> ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱮᱡ ᱱᱩᱭ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱟᱞᱚᱭ ᱱᱟᱨᱟᱡᱚᱜ ᱢᱟ, ᱵᱤᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱡᱟᱱᱣᱟᱨ ᱵᱚᱜᱮᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱢᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱜᱟᱹᱨ ᱢᱩᱦᱤᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣᱜ ᱢᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ ᱫᱤᱦᱨᱤ ᱱᱩᱭ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱭ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱟᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱩᱭ ᱠᱩᱥᱤ ᱦᱚᱪᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱟᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝᱟᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱫᱤᱦᱨᱤ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱚᱨᱫᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ == ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱛᱷᱟᱱ == ᱵᱤᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱮᱨᱮᱞ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱵᱩᱴᱟᱹ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱩᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱛᱷᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱛᱷᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱦᱚᱪᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱨᱚᱝᱜᱳᱨᱩᱡᱤ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱵᱩᱴᱟᱹ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱫᱷᱤᱨᱤ ᱥᱤᱸᱫᱩᱨ ᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱠᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name="baske"/> == ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱥᱮᱣᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱤᱭᱚᱢ == ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱞᱟᱦᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱚᱝᱜᱳᱨᱩᱡᱤ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱴᱷᱤᱠ ᱢᱚᱛᱚ ᱫᱮᱣᱟ-ᱥᱮᱣᱟ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱱᱟᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱤᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱤᱞ ᱟᱞᱚᱠᱚ ᱜᱚᱡ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱠᱚ ᱢᱟ ᱥᱮ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱳᱲᱟᱜ ᱟᱞᱚᱠᱚ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹᱲ ᱦᱤᱡᱩᱜ ᱢᱟ, ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱩᱯᱷᱟᱹᱫᱽ ᱟᱯᱷᱚᱫᱽ ᱮ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱟᱹᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ ᱨᱚᱝᱜᱳᱨᱩᱡᱤ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱡᱮᱢᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱠᱩᱥᱤᱜ ᱢᱟ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱤᱦᱨᱤ ᱫᱟᱬᱮ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝᱟ, ᱥᱤᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱦᱚᱸ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱮᱨᱮᱞ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱵᱩᱴᱟᱹ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱨᱚᱠᱚᱢ ᱵᱮ-ᱥᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ-ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱛᱷᱟᱱ ᱫᱚᱠᱚ ᱟᱸᱫᱚᱲᱟ ᱾<ref name="baske"/> ᱴᱨᱚᱭᱡᱤ ᱥᱟᱦᱮᱵᱽ (J. Troisi) ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ: <blockquote> "As there is a village priest (''naeke'') and a priest for the ''bahre'' and ''bongas'' (''kudam naeke''), so also there is a dihri (hunt priest) responsible for the hunt. He sees to it that the necessary sacrificial offerings are made so that no mishap occurs during the hunt. Prior to the actual start of the hunt and also on each successive day, he sacrifices fowls to various ''bongas'', imploring them not to cause any harm to the hunters. One of the ''bongas'' so propitiated is called Rongo Ruji. This spirit is also to reside in the forest, where a spacial tree called ''Terel'' (diaspyros tomentosa) is reserved for her. A stone representing this spirit is beleive to be completely absessed with sex, as a result of which, it is very important to regale her with obscene and stories. The Santals belived thet, if she is not satisfied she causes terrible mischief during the hunt."<ref>J. Troisi: Tribal Religion, P-104.</ref></blockquote> === ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱟᱬᱮ === ᱨᱚᱝᱜᱳᱨᱩᱡᱤ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱫᱤᱦᱨᱤ ᱨᱚᱝᱜᱳᱨᱩᱡᱤ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱛᱷᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱥᱟᱨ ᱮ ᱫᱚᱦᱚᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱩᱛᱟᱹᱢ ᱛᱮᱭ ᱜᱷᱮᱨᱟᱣ ᱮᱥᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱬᱮ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱸᱫᱩᱨ ᱴᱤᱠᱟᱹ ᱮᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱫᱽᱣᱟ ᱪᱟᱣᱞᱮᱭ ᱪᱩᱨᱩᱡᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱚᱣᱟᱭ ᱪᱷᱤᱴᱠᱟᱹᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱥᱤᱢ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱪᱷᱤᱴᱠᱟᱹᱣ ᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱚᱦᱚᱜ ᱨᱮ, ᱯᱷᱟᱠᱲᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱸᱫᱩᱨ ᱟᱛᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱟᱫᱽᱣᱟ ᱪᱟᱣᱞᱮ ᱟᱹᱛᱤᱧ ᱦᱚᱪᱚᱭᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱨᱚᱝᱜᱳᱨᱩᱡᱤ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱥᱤᱢ ᱮ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟ ᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱚᱬᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱥᱤᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ:<ref name="baske"/> * ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱚᱝᱜᱳᱨᱩᱡᱤ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱾ * ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱤᱦᱨᱤ ᱟᱡ ᱮ ᱥᱮᱣᱟᱭᱮ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱾ * ᱟᱨ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱾ == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == <references /> 8duse9ase30v8olqkqwcmj89m34tmwv 194346 194345 2026-07-12T17:58:55Z ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱗ 1744 /* ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱥᱮᱣᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱤᱭᱚᱢ */ 194346 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox deity | name = ᱨᱚᱝᱜᱳᱨᱩᱡᱤ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ | type = ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ | gender = ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ | flora = ᱛᱮᱨᱮᱞ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ | priest = ᱫᱤᱦᱨᱤ }} '''ᱨᱚᱝᱜᱳᱨᱩᱡᱤ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ''' ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱩᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾<ref name="baske">ᱫᱷᱤᱨᱮᱱᱫᱽᱨᱚᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱮ, ''ᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱡᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱠᱳ'', ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱮ ᱯᱟᱵᱽᱞᱤᱠᱮᱥᱟᱱ, ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱑᱓ (᱕ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ)</ref> ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱮᱡ ᱱᱩᱭ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱟᱞᱚᱭ ᱱᱟᱨᱟᱡᱚᱜ ᱢᱟ, ᱵᱤᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱡᱟᱱᱣᱟᱨ ᱵᱚᱜᱮᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱢᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱜᱟᱹᱨ ᱢᱩᱦᱤᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣᱜ ᱢᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ ᱫᱤᱦᱨᱤ ᱱᱩᱭ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱭ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱟᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱩᱭ ᱠᱩᱥᱤ ᱦᱚᱪᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱟᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝᱟᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱫᱤᱦᱨᱤ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱚᱨᱫᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ == ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱛᱷᱟᱱ == ᱵᱤᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱮᱨᱮᱞ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱵᱩᱴᱟᱹ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱩᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱛᱷᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱛᱷᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱦᱚᱪᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱨᱚᱝᱜᱳᱨᱩᱡᱤ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱵᱩᱴᱟᱹ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱫᱷᱤᱨᱤ ᱥᱤᱸᱫᱩᱨ ᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱠᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name="baske"/> == ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱥᱮᱣᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱤᱭᱚᱢ == ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱞᱟᱦᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱚᱝᱜᱳᱨᱩᱡᱤ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱴᱷᱤᱠ ᱢᱚᱛᱚ ᱫᱮᱣᱟ-ᱥᱮᱣᱟ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱱᱟᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱤᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱤᱞ ᱟᱞᱚᱠᱚ ᱜᱚᱡ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱠᱚ ᱢᱟ ᱥᱮ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱳᱲᱟᱜ ᱟᱞᱚᱠᱚ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹᱲ ᱦᱤᱡᱩᱜ ᱢᱟ, ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱩᱯᱷᱟᱹᱫᱽ ᱟᱯᱷᱚᱫᱽ ᱮ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱟᱹᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ ᱨᱚᱝᱜᱳᱨᱩᱡᱤ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱡᱮᱢᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱠᱩᱥᱤᱜ ᱢᱟ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱤᱦᱨᱤ ᱫᱟᱬᱮ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝᱟ, ᱥᱤᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱦᱚᱸ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱮᱨᱮᱞ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱵᱩᱴᱟᱹ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱨᱚᱠᱚᱢ ᱵᱮ-ᱥᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ-ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱛᱷᱟᱱ ᱫᱚᱠᱚ ᱟᱸᱫᱚᱲᱟ ᱾<ref name="baske"/> ᱴᱨᱚᱭᱡᱤ ᱥᱟᱦᱮᱵᱽ (J. Troisi) ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ: <blockquote> "As there is a village priest (''naeke'') and a priest for the ''bahre'' and ''bongas'' (''kudam naeke''), so also there is a dihri (hunt priest) responsible for the hunt. He sees to it that the necessary sacrificial offerings are made so that no mishap occurs during the hunt. Prior to the actual start of the hunt and also on each successive day, he sacrifices fowls to various ''bongas'', imploring them not to cause any harm to the hunters. One of the ''bongas'' so propitiated is called Rongo Ruji. This spirit is also to reside in the forest, where a spacial tree called ''Terel'' (diaspyros tomentosa) is reserved for her. A stone representing this spirit is beleive to be completely absessed with sex, as a result of which, it is very important to regale her with obscene and stories. The Santals belived thet, if she is not satisfied she causes terrible mischief during the hunt."<ref>J. Troisi: Tribal Religion, P-104.</ref></blockquote> '''ᱛᱚᱨᱡᱚᱢᱟ''' <blockquote>"ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱱᱟᱭᱠᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱩᱰᱟᱹᱢ ᱱᱟᱭᱠᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ, ᱚᱱᱠᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱤᱦᱨᱤ (ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱱᱟᱭᱠᱮ) ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹᱭ ᱧᱮᱞᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱫᱟᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱢᱟ ᱡᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱱ ᱟᱱᱟᱴ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱢᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵᱚᱜ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱤᱱᱟᱹᱢ ᱦᱤᱞᱚᱜ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱥᱤᱢ ᱮ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱛᱤ ᱟᱞᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱢᱟ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮ ᱱᱮᱦᱚᱸᱨᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟ ᱥᱮᱣᱟ ᱧᱟᱢᱮᱫ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱚᱝᱜᱳᱨᱩᱡᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱩᱭ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱨᱮᱜᱮᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱥᱚᱠᱟᱭ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱛᱮᱨᱮᱞ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱩᱭ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟᱣᱟᱜ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱷᱤᱨᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱹᱛᱭᱟᱹᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ, ᱱᱩᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱮ-ᱥᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱦᱱᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱨᱟᱹᱥᱠᱟᱹ ᱚᱪᱚᱭᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱛᱭᱟᱹᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱮ, ᱡᱩᱫᱤ ᱱᱩᱭ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱠᱩᱥᱤᱜᱼᱟ ᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡ ᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟ᱾"</blockquote> === ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱟᱬᱮ === ᱨᱚᱝᱜᱳᱨᱩᱡᱤ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱫᱤᱦᱨᱤ ᱨᱚᱝᱜᱳᱨᱩᱡᱤ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱛᱷᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱥᱟᱨ ᱮ ᱫᱚᱦᱚᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱩᱛᱟᱹᱢ ᱛᱮᱭ ᱜᱷᱮᱨᱟᱣ ᱮᱥᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱬᱮ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱸᱫᱩᱨ ᱴᱤᱠᱟᱹ ᱮᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱫᱽᱣᱟ ᱪᱟᱣᱞᱮᱭ ᱪᱩᱨᱩᱡᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱚᱣᱟᱭ ᱪᱷᱤᱴᱠᱟᱹᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱥᱤᱢ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱪᱷᱤᱴᱠᱟᱹᱣ ᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱚᱦᱚᱜ ᱨᱮ, ᱯᱷᱟᱠᱲᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱸᱫᱩᱨ ᱟᱛᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱟᱫᱽᱣᱟ ᱪᱟᱣᱞᱮ ᱟᱹᱛᱤᱧ ᱦᱚᱪᱚᱭᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱨᱚᱝᱜᱳᱨᱩᱡᱤ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱥᱤᱢ ᱮ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟ ᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱚᱬᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱥᱤᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ:<ref name="baske"/> * ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱚᱝᱜᱳᱨᱩᱡᱤ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱾ * ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱤᱦᱨᱤ ᱟᱡ ᱮ ᱥᱮᱣᱟᱭᱮ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱾ * ᱟᱨ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱾ == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == <references /> pwwq7ufgiuv4gzgga15i3rewq0ziox3 194347 194346 2026-07-12T17:59:38Z ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱗ 1744 194347 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox deity | name = ᱨᱚᱝᱜᱳᱨᱩᱡᱤ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ | type = ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ | gender = ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ | flora = ᱛᱮᱨᱮᱞ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ | priest = ᱫᱤᱦᱨᱤ }} '''ᱨᱚᱝᱜᱳᱨᱩᱡᱤ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ''' ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱩᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾<ref name="baske">ᱫᱷᱤᱨᱮᱱᱫᱽᱨᱚᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱮ, ''ᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱡᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱠᱳ'', ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱮ ᱯᱟᱵᱽᱞᱤᱠᱮᱥᱟᱱ, ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱑᱓ (᱕ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ)</ref> ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱮᱡ ᱱᱩᱭ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱟᱞᱚᱭ ᱱᱟᱨᱟᱡᱚᱜ ᱢᱟ, ᱵᱤᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱡᱟᱱᱣᱟᱨ ᱵᱚᱜᱮᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱢᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱜᱟᱹᱨ ᱢᱩᱦᱤᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣᱜ ᱢᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ ᱫᱤᱦᱨᱤ ᱱᱩᱭ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱭ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱟᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱩᱭ ᱠᱩᱥᱤ ᱦᱚᱪᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱟᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝᱟᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱫᱤᱦᱨᱤ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱚᱨᱫᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ == ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱛᱷᱟᱱ == ᱵᱤᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱮᱨᱮᱞ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱵᱩᱴᱟᱹ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱩᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱛᱷᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱛᱷᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱦᱚᱪᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱨᱚᱝᱜᱳᱨᱩᱡᱤ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱵᱩᱴᱟᱹ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱫᱷᱤᱨᱤ ᱥᱤᱸᱫᱩᱨ ᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱠᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name="baske"/> == ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱥᱮᱣᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱤᱭᱚᱢ == ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱞᱟᱦᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱚᱝᱜᱳᱨᱩᱡᱤ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱴᱷᱤᱠ ᱢᱚᱛᱚ ᱫᱮᱣᱟ-ᱥᱮᱣᱟ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱱᱟᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱤᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱤᱞ ᱟᱞᱚᱠᱚ ᱜᱚᱡ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱠᱚ ᱢᱟ ᱥᱮ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱳᱲᱟᱜ ᱟᱞᱚᱠᱚ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹᱲ ᱦᱤᱡᱩᱜ ᱢᱟ, ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱩᱯᱷᱟᱹᱫᱽ ᱟᱯᱷᱚᱫᱽ ᱮ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱟᱹᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ ᱨᱚᱝᱜᱳᱨᱩᱡᱤ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱡᱮᱢᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱠᱩᱥᱤᱜ ᱢᱟ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱤᱦᱨᱤ ᱫᱟᱬᱮ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝᱟ, ᱥᱤᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱦᱚᱸ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱮᱨᱮᱞ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱵᱩᱴᱟᱹ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱨᱚᱠᱚᱢ ᱵᱮ-ᱥᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ-ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱛᱷᱟᱱ ᱫᱚᱠᱚ ᱟᱸᱫᱚᱲᱟ ᱾<ref name="baske"/> ᱴᱨᱚᱭᱡᱤ ᱥᱟᱦᱮᱵᱽ (J. Troisi) ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ: <blockquote> "As there is a village priest (''naeke'') and a priest for the ''bahre'' and ''bongas'' (''kudam naeke''), so also there is a dihri (hunt priest) responsible for the hunt. He sees to it that the necessary sacrificial offerings are made so that no mishap occurs during the hunt. Prior to the actual start of the hunt and also on each successive day, he sacrifices fowls to various ''bongas'', imploring them not to cause any harm to the hunters. One of the ''bongas'' so propitiated is called Rongo Ruji. This spirit is also to reside in the forest, where a spacial tree called ''Terel'' (diaspyros tomentosa) is reserved for her. A stone representing this spirit is beleive to be completely absessed with sex, as a result of which, it is very important to regale her with obscene and stories. The Santals belived thet, if she is not satisfied she causes terrible mischief during the hunt."<ref>J. Troisi: Tribal Religion, P-104.</ref></blockquote> '''ᱛᱚᱨᱡᱚᱢᱟ''' <blockquote>"ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱱᱟᱭᱠᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱩᱰᱟᱹᱢ ᱱᱟᱭᱠᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ, ᱚᱱᱠᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱤᱦᱨᱤ (ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱱᱟᱭᱠᱮ) ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹᱭ ᱧᱮᱞᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱫᱟᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱢᱟ ᱡᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱱ ᱟᱱᱟᱴ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱢᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵᱚᱜ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱤᱱᱟᱹᱢ ᱦᱤᱞᱚᱜ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱥᱤᱢ ᱮ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱛᱤ ᱟᱞᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱢᱟ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮ ᱱᱮᱦᱚᱸᱨᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟ ᱥᱮᱣᱟ ᱧᱟᱢᱮᱫ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱚᱝᱜᱳᱨᱩᱡᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱩᱭ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱨᱮᱜᱮᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱥᱚᱠᱟᱭ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱛᱮᱨᱮᱞ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱩᱭ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟᱣᱟᱜ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱷᱤᱨᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱹᱛᱭᱟᱹᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ, ᱱᱩᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱮ-ᱥᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱦᱱᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱨᱟᱹᱥᱠᱟᱹ ᱚᱪᱚᱭᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱛᱭᱟᱹᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱮ, ᱡᱩᱫᱤ ᱱᱩᱭ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱠᱩᱥᱤᱜᱼᱟ ᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡ ᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟ᱾"</blockquote> === ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱟᱬᱮ === ᱨᱚᱝᱜᱳᱨᱩᱡᱤ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱫᱤᱦᱨᱤ ᱨᱚᱝᱜᱳᱨᱩᱡᱤ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱛᱷᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱥᱟᱨ ᱮ ᱫᱚᱦᱚᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱩᱛᱟᱹᱢ ᱛᱮᱭ ᱜᱷᱮᱨᱟᱣ ᱮᱥᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱬᱮ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱸᱫᱩᱨ ᱴᱤᱠᱟᱹ ᱮᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱫᱽᱣᱟ ᱪᱟᱣᱞᱮᱭ ᱪᱩᱨᱩᱡᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱚᱣᱟᱭ ᱪᱷᱤᱴᱠᱟᱹᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱥᱤᱢ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱪᱷᱤᱴᱠᱟᱹᱣ ᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱚᱦᱚᱜ ᱨᱮ, ᱯᱷᱟᱠᱲᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱸᱫᱩᱨ ᱟᱛᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱟᱫᱽᱣᱟ ᱪᱟᱣᱞᱮ ᱟᱹᱛᱤᱧ ᱦᱚᱪᱚᱭᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱨᱚᱝᱜᱳᱨᱩᱡᱤ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱥᱤᱢ ᱮ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟ ᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱚᱬᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱥᱤᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ:<ref name="baske"/> * ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱚᱝᱜᱳᱨᱩᱡᱤ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱾ * ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱤᱦᱨᱤ ᱟᱡ ᱮ ᱥᱮᱣᱟᱭᱮ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱾ * ᱟᱨ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱾ == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == <references /> [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟᱵᱩᱨᱩ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ]] o6sgmckw75nzuq8csich8ct0xp34cfc 0 36760 194344 2026-07-12T17:46:07Z RohitSonkar.nandulia 8910 "{{Infobox person | name = ᱨᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱮᱱᱰ ᱟᱨ. ᱮᱢ. ᱢᱮᱠᱯᱷᱟᱭᱮᱞ<br>(Rev. R. M. Macphail) | birth_place = [[ᱞᱚᱱᱰᱚᱱ]] | occupation = ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱᱟᱨᱤ, ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ | known_for = ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ, "An Introduction to Santali Grammar" ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ }} '''ᱨᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱮᱱᱰ ᱟᱨ. ᱮ..." ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ 194344 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = ᱨᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱮᱱᱰ ᱟᱨ. ᱮᱢ. ᱢᱮᱠᱯᱷᱟᱭᱮᱞ<br>(Rev. R. M. Macphail) | birth_place = [[ᱞᱚᱱᱰᱚᱱ]] | occupation = ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱᱟᱨᱤ, ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ | known_for = ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ, "An Introduction to Santali Grammar" ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ }} '''ᱨᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱮᱱᱰ ᱟᱨ. ᱮᱢ. ᱢᱮᱠᱯᱷᱟᱭᱮᱞ''' (ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ: Rev. R. M. ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱤᱝᱨᱮᱡᱽ ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱᱟᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱟᱹᱠᱷᱩᱲ ᱮᱱᱮᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ᱾ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱚᱱᱰᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ == ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ == ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ 'ᱪᱟᱨᱪ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱤᱥᱠᱚᱴᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱ' ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱟᱫᱽᱨᱤ ᱥᱮ ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱᱟᱨᱤᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱤᱥᱟᱹᱭ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱛᱮᱭ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱱᱵᱷᱩᱢ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱷᱟᱱᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱴᱩᱸᱰᱤ ᱛᱷᱟᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱢᱰᱤᱦᱟ ᱥᱮ ᱵᱟᱢᱫᱟ, ᱥᱤᱢᱩᱞᱛᱚᱞᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱩᱠᱷᱩᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ == ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ == ᱯᱩᱠᱷᱩᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱠᱯᱷᱟᱭᱮᱞ ᱥᱟᱦᱮᱵᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱱᱥᱤ ᱫᱮᱣᱟ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱯᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱢᱮᱠᱯᱷᱟᱭᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱟᱹᱨᱤᱪᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮᱭ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ: * <ref>ᱴᱩᱰᱩ, ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱚ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ (᱒᱐᱒᱐). ''ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱢᱚᱱᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱨᱟ'' (᱒ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ), ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱟᱵᱚᱛᱤ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ, ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ: ᱑᱔᱖᱾</ref>᱑᱙᱓᱗ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱳᱢᱟᱱ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱛᱮ '''"Andrew Campbell"''' (ᱰᱨ. ᱮᱱᱰᱨᱩ ᱠᱮᱢᱯᱵᱮᱞ) ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱩᱠᱷᱩᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱸᱰᱮᱱᱤᱡ ᱯᱟᱫᱽᱨᱤ ᱰᱨ. ᱮᱱᱰᱨᱩ ᱠᱮᱢᱯᱵᱮᱞ ᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱛ ᱛᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ * ᱑᱙᱕᱓ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱮ ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ '''"An Introduction to Santali Grammar"'''᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱫᱩᱞᱟᱹᱲ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱹᱦᱤᱨ ᱜᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱷᱚᱴᱮᱞᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ, ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱢᱚᱞ (᱒᱐᱒᱓). ''ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱞᱤ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱛᱛᱮᱨ ᱤᱛᱤᱦᱟᱥ'' (᱗ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ), ᱱᱤᱨᱢᱚᱞ ᱵᱩᱠ ᱮᱢᱮᱱᱥᱤ, ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ: ᱑᱑᱘᱾</ref> == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == <references /> * <ref>ᱴᱩᱰᱩ, ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱚ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ (᱒᱐᱒᱐). ''ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱢᱚᱱᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱨᱟ'' (᱒ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ), ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱟᱵᱚᱛᱤ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ, ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ: ᱑᱔᱖᱾</ref> * <ref>ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ, ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱢᱚᱞ (᱒᱐᱒᱓). ''ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱞᱤ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱛᱛᱮᱨ ᱤᱛᱤᱦᱟᱥ'' (᱗ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ), ᱱᱤᱨᱢᱚᱞ ᱵᱩᱠ ᱮᱢᱮᱱᱥᱤ, ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ: ᱑᱑᱘᱾</ref> 4221ji7uqqxzgtf2pnj49eu3wosc8cn 1 36761 194348 2026-07-12T18:00:55Z ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱗ 1744 https://fountain.toolforge.org/editathons/wp25sat 194348 wikitext text/x-wiki {{wp25sat}} qhzngueepknbo901wcfy4m1qd7se8vs 0 36762 194349 2026-07-12T18:05:01Z RohitSonkar.nandulia 8910 "{{Infobox person | name = ᱰᱨ. ᱡᱚᱨᱡᱽ ᱟᱵᱽᱨᱟᱦᱟᱢ ᱜᱨᱤᱭᱚᱨᱥᱚᱱ<br>(Dr. George Abraham Grierson) | birth_date = ᱗ ᱡᱟᱱᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱑᱘᱕᱑ | birth_place = ᱠᱟᱣᱱᱴᱤ, ᱟᱭᱟᱨᱞᱮᱱᱰ | death_date = ᱑᱙᱔᱑ | nationality = ᱟᱭᱟᱨ | occupation = ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱜᱟᱹᱠᱷᱩᱲᱤᱭᱟᱹ (Linguist), ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱚᱯᱷᱤᱥᱚ..." ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ 194349 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = ᱰᱨ. ᱡᱚᱨᱡᱽ ᱟᱵᱽᱨᱟᱦᱟᱢ ᱜᱨᱤᱭᱚᱨᱥᱚᱱ<br>(Dr. George Abraham Grierson) | birth_date = ᱗ ᱡᱟᱱᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱑᱘᱕᱑ | birth_place = ᱠᱟᱣᱱᱴᱤ, ᱟᱭᱟᱨᱞᱮᱱᱰ | death_date = ᱑᱙᱔᱑ | nationality = ᱟᱭᱟᱨ | occupation = ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱜᱟᱹᱠᱷᱩᱲᱤᱭᱟᱹ (Linguist), ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱚᱯᱷᱤᱥᱚᱨ | known_for = 'ᱞᱤᱝᱜᱩᱭᱤᱥᱴᱤᱠ ᱥᱟᱨᱵᱷᱮ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ' (Linguistic Survey of India) | spouse = ᱞᱩᱥᱤ ᱮᱞᱤᱡᱟᱵᱮᱛᱷ ᱡᱤᱱᱠᱟᱞᱤᱥ | parents = ᱤᱡᱟᱵᱮᱞᱟ ᱨᱚᱠᱥᱴᱚᱱ (ᱟᱭᱳ), ᱡᱚᱨᱡᱽ ᱜᱨᱤᱭᱚᱨᱥᱚᱱ ᱮᱞ.ᱮᱞ.ᱰᱤ (ᱵᱟᱵᱟ) }} '''ᱰᱨ. ᱡᱚᱨᱡᱽ ᱟᱵᱽᱨᱟᱦᱟᱢ ᱜᱨᱤᱭᱚᱨᱥᱚᱱ''' ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱜᱟᱹᱠᱷᱩᱲᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱚᱯᱷᱤᱥᱚᱨ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ <ref>ᱴᱩᱰᱩ, ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱚ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ (᱒᱐᱒᱐). ''ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱢᱚᱱᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱨᱟ'' (᱒ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ), ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱟᱵᱚᱛᱤ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ, ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ: ᱑᱔᱓᱾</ref>"Linguistic Survey of India" (ᱞᱤᱝᱜᱩᱭᱤᱥᱴᱤᱠ ᱥᱟᱨᱵᱷᱮ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ) ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱰᱤᱜᱤ ᱩᱯᱨᱩᱢ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾<ref>ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ, ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱢᱚᱞ (᱒᱐᱒᱓). ''ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱞᱤ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱛᱛᱮᱨ ᱤᱛᱤᱦᱟᱥ'' (᱗ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ), ᱱᱤᱨᱢᱚᱞ ᱵᱩᱠ ᱮᱢᱮᱱᱥᱤ, ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ: ᱑᱐᱗-᱑᱐᱘᱾</ref> == ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ == ᱡᱚᱨᱡᱽ ᱟᱵᱽᱨᱟᱦᱟᱢ ᱜᱨᱤᱭᱚᱨᱥᱚᱱ ᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱗ ᱡᱟᱱᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱑᱘᱕᱑ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱟᱨᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱣᱱᱴᱤ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱟᱡ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱟᱭᱳᱣᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱡᱟᱵᱮᱞᱟ ᱨᱚᱠᱥᱴᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱵᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱨᱡᱽ ᱜᱨᱤᱭᱚᱨᱥᱚᱱ ᱮᱞ.ᱮᱞ.ᱰᱤ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱮᱱᱴ ᱵᱤ ᱤᱥᱠᱩᱞ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱴᱨᱤᱱᱤᱴᱤ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱚᱱᱮᱨ ᱰᱤᱜᱽᱨᱤ ᱭᱮ ᱦᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱯᱨᱚᱯᱷᱮᱥᱚᱨ ᱨᱚᱵᱟᱨᱴ ᱮᱴᱠᱤᱱ ᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱷᱨᱮᱸᱪ , ᱞᱮᱴᱤᱱ , ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ, ᱨᱩᱥᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱪᱟᱭᱱᱤᱡᱽ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱭᱮ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱸᱥᱠᱨᱤᱛ, ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ, ᱛᱟᱢᱤᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱮᱞᱮᱜᱩ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ == ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ == ᱒᱒ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱨᱮ, ᱑᱘᱗᱓ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱒᱕ ᱚᱠᱴᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱦᱤᱞᱚᱜ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱚᱯᱷᱤᱥᱚᱨ ᱥᱮ ᱯᱚᱫᱟᱫᱷᱤᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱛᱮᱭ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱮᱝᱜᱚᱞ ᱯᱨᱮᱥᱤᱰᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱮᱥᱳᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱔ ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱑᱘᱈᱐ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱨᱤᱭᱚᱨᱥᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱩᱥᱤ ᱮᱞᱤᱡᱟᱵᱮᱛᱷ ᱡᱤᱱᱠᱟᱞᱤᱥ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱮ ᱵᱟᱯᱞᱟ ᱮᱱᱟ᱾ == ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ == ᱑᱘᱙᱙ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ 'ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱥᱟᱨᱵᱷᱮ ᱠᱚᱢᱤᱴᱤ' (Indian Language Survey Committee) ᱨᱮᱱ ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱮᱛ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱦᱟᱞ ᱠᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ᱾ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ "Linguistic Survey of India" (ᱞᱤᱝᱜᱩᱭᱤᱥᱴᱤᱠ ᱥᱟᱨᱵᱷᱮ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ) ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱞ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱑᱑ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾<ref>ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ, ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱢᱚᱞ (᱒᱐᱒᱓). ''ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱞᱤ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱛᱛᱮᱨ ᱤᱛᱤᱦᱟᱥ'' (᱗ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ), ᱱᱤᱨᱢᱚᱞ ᱵᱩᱠ ᱮᱢᱮᱱᱥᱤ, ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ: ᱑᱐᱗-᱑᱐᱘᱾</ref> '''ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱛ:''' ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱛ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱮᱥᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ "Munda and Dravidian Language" ᱚᱝᱥᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱛ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱱᱚᱝᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱚᱞ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref>ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ, ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱢᱚᱞ (᱒᱐᱒᱓). ''ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱞᱤ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱛᱛᱮᱨ ᱤᱛᱤᱦᱟᱥ'' (᱗ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ), ᱱᱤᱨᱢᱚᱞ ᱵᱩᱠ ᱮᱢᱮᱱᱥᱤ, ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ: ᱑᱐᱗-᱑᱐᱘᱾</ref> == ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ == ᱰᱨ. ᱡᱚᱨᱡᱽ ᱟᱵᱽᱨᱟᱦᱟᱢ ᱜᱨᱤᱭᱚᱨᱥᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱔᱑ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ (ᱜᱩᱨ) ᱮᱱᱟ᱾ == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == <references /> * <ref>ᱴᱩᱰᱩ, ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱚ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ (᱒᱐᱒᱐). ''ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱢᱚᱱᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱨᱟ'' (᱒ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ), ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱟᱵᱚᱛᱤ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ, ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ: ᱑᱔᱓᱾</ref> * <ref>ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ, ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱢᱚᱞ (᱒᱐᱒᱓). ''ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱞᱤ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱛᱛᱮᱨ ᱤᱛᱤᱦᱟᱥ'' (᱗ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ), ᱱᱤᱨᱢᱚᱞ ᱵᱩᱠ ᱮᱢᱮᱱᱥᱤ, ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ: ᱑᱐᱗-᱑᱐᱘᱾</ref> 8ii3ur9pk9edgoi6poel6c8bvrc3tg8 0 36763 194350 2026-07-12T18:07:14Z ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱗ 1744 "{{Infobox deity | name = ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱹᱬ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ | type = ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱹᱬ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ | other_names = ᱫᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱩᱫᱽᱨᱤ }} '''ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱹᱬ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ''' ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾<ref name="baske">ᱫᱷᱤᱨᱮᱱᱫᱽᱨᱚᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱮ, ''ᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱡᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱵ..." ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ 194350 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox deity | name = ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱹᱬ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ | type = ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱹᱬ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ | other_names = ᱫᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱩᱫᱽᱨᱤ }} '''ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱹᱬ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ''' ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾<ref name="baske">ᱫᱷᱤᱨᱮᱱᱫᱽᱨᱚᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱮ, ''ᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱡᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱠᱳ'', ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱮ ᱯᱟᱵᱽᱞᱤᱠᱮᱥᱟᱱ, ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱑᱓ (᱕ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ)</ref> ᱱᱩᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱡᱮ ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱹᱬ ᱦᱚᱲᱮ ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱠᱟᱭᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱦᱚᱲᱮ ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱹᱬ ᱠᱟᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱡᱳᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱹᱬ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱠᱛᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝᱠᱚ ᱦᱤᱡᱩᱜᱼᱟ, ᱵᱟᱢ ᱟᱹᱜᱩ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱾ ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱹᱬ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱫᱚ 'ᱫᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱩᱫᱽᱨᱤ' ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾<ref name="baske"/> == ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱟᱹᱜᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱞᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱦᱱᱤ == ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱢᱟᱞᱚᱛᱤ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱩᱝᱠᱟᱹᱞ ᱵᱩᱰᱷᱤ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱴᱩᱠᱩᱡ ᱮ ᱟᱹᱜᱩ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱴᱩᱠᱩᱡ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱹᱬ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱢᱟᱞᱚᱛᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱩᱥᱟᱹᱨᱟ ᱜᱮᱭ ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱹᱬ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱡᱟᱹ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱦᱚᱲᱚ, ᱟᱫᱽᱣᱟ ᱪᱟᱣᱞᱮ, ᱵᱟᱨ ᱴᱤᱠᱟᱹ ᱥᱤᱸᱫᱩᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱟᱨᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱢ ᱵᱩᱥᱟᱹᱜ ᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱡᱽ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱛᱤᱱ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱮᱡ ᱢᱟᱞᱚᱛᱤ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱫᱮᱣᱟ-ᱥᱮᱣᱟ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱫᱮᱭᱟ, ᱩᱱ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱮᱡ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟᱭ ᱟᱹᱲᱤᱥ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹ-ᱦᱟᱥᱚᱭ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱟᱹᱣ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱰᱟᱠᱛᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱵᱤᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱨᱟᱱ ᱛᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱮᱥ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱹᱬ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱵᱟᱜᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡᱟ ᱾<ref name="baske"/> == ᱜᱩᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱪᱩᱨᱤᱛ == P. O. Bodding ᱥᱟᱦᱮᱵᱽ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱡᱮ: <blockquote>"They are believed to be small like a child and to have 'jata' (matted) hair. They have got their name from the belief that they steal from others and bring wealth to the person with whom they are. If the ''bonga'' for some reason becomes angry, he is believed to be very dangerous and to 'eat' (kill off) every one in the house. It is a very costly and circumstantial affair to get a ''kisar bonga'' out of a house in such cases."</blockquote><ref>P. O. Bodding : A Santal Dictionary Vol.-III, P-546</ref> == ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱹᱬ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱦᱩᱥᱤᱝ (ᱵᱤᱫᱟᱹᱭ) == ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱹᱬ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱦᱩᱥᱤᱝ ᱥᱮ ᱵᱤᱫᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥᱯᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱞᱟᱜᱟᱣᱜᱼᱟ, ᱵᱟᱝᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱝᱠᱚ ᱚᱰᱚᱠᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ:<ref name="baske"/> * ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱞᱩᱢᱟᱹᱝ ᱠᱤᱪᱨᱤᱡ, ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱥᱤᱸᱫᱩᱨ ᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ, ᱰᱩᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ, ᱪᱟᱸᱣᱨᱤᱪ ᱥᱩᱞᱟᱹᱠ, ᱠᱟᱡᱽᱨᱟᱣᱴᱤ ᱦᱟᱴᱟᱜ, ᱰᱟᱹᱞᱤᱡ, ᱢᱚᱬᱮ ᱦᱮᱸᱫᱮ ᱴᱷᱮᱸᱜᱟ, ᱢᱚᱬᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱮᱡ ᱥᱤᱠᱲᱤ, ᱢᱚᱬᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱮᱡ ᱡᱟᱹᱞᱟᱹᱭ, ᱢᱤᱫ ᱡᱚᱲ ᱵᱟᱫᱷᱟ, ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱜᱟᱱᱰᱚ, ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱜᱟᱲ ᱾ * ᱪᱟᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱯᱷᱚᱥᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱫᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱚᱬᱮ ᱴᱟᱠᱟ ᱾ * ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱜᱟᱹᱭ, ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱚᱴᱮᱡ ᱥᱩᱠᱨᱤ, ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱚᱴᱮᱡ ᱢᱮᱨᱚᱢ, ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱵᱷᱮᱰᱟ (ᱵᱷᱮᱰᱟ ᱫᱚᱠᱚ ᱜᱷᱟᱱᱴᱤ ᱟᱭᱮᱭᱟ) ᱟᱨ ᱢᱚᱬᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱮᱡ ᱥᱤᱢ ᱾ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱡᱽ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱮᱱ ᱳᱡᱷᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱹᱜᱩᱭᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱳᱡᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥᱯᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱟᱛᱮᱭ ᱚᱰᱚᱠ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤᱠ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫ-ᱵᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱦᱚᱸᱠᱚ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱦᱟ ᱞᱟᱦᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱹᱭᱩᱨ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹᱱᱟ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱠᱤᱱ ᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱚᱠᱟᱨᱮ ᱛᱮᱸᱜᱚᱱ ᱛᱮᱠᱤᱱ ᱵᱩᱨᱩᱜ ᱢᱟ ᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱳᱡᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱠᱟᱡᱮ ᱯᱚᱨᱟᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱫᱟᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱛᱮ ᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱩᱸᱰᱮ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱵᱟ ᱚᱴᱚ ᱠᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱚᱦᱚᱸ ᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱜᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱜᱤ ᱚᱴᱚ ᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱠᱚᱭ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱠᱚ ᱡᱚᱴᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == <references /> rz72e7t0lzx1dyngewehmiwepjuxegu 1 36764 194351 2026-07-12T18:08:48Z ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱗ 1744 https://fountain.toolforge.org/editathons/wp25sat 194351 wikitext text/x-wiki {{wp25sat}} qhzngueepknbo901wcfy4m1qd7se8vs 0 36765 194352 2026-07-12T18:18:26Z RohitSonkar.nandulia 8910 "{{Infobox person | name = ᱰᱨ. ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱨᱤᱪ ᱢᱮᱠᱥᱢᱩᱞᱟᱨ<br>(Dr. Friedrich Max Müller) | birth_date = ᱖ ᱰᱤᱥᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱑᱘᱒᱓ | birth_place = ᱡᱟᱨᱢᱟᱱᱤ | death_date = ᱒᱘ ᱚᱠᱴᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱑᱙᱐᱐ | death_place = ᱚᱠᱥᱯᱷᱳᱨᱰ | occupation = ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱜᱟᱹᱠᱷᱩᱲᱤᱭᱟᱹ, ᱛᱚᱨᱠᱚᱥᱟᱥᱛᱨᱚᱤᱡ, ᱯᱨᱚ..." ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ 194352 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = ᱰᱨ. ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱨᱤᱪ ᱢᱮᱠᱥᱢᱩᱞᱟᱨ<br>(Dr. Friedrich Max Müller) | birth_date = ᱖ ᱰᱤᱥᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱑᱘᱒᱓ | birth_place = ᱡᱟᱨᱢᱟᱱᱤ | death_date = ᱒᱘ ᱚᱠᱴᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱑᱙᱐᱐ | death_place = ᱚᱠᱥᱯᱷᱳᱨᱰ | occupation = ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱜᱟᱹᱠᱷᱩᱲᱤᱭᱟᱹ, ᱛᱚᱨᱠᱚᱥᱟᱥᱛᱨᱚᱤᱡ, ᱯᱨᱚᱯᱷᱮᱥᱚᱨ, ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱟᱥᱚᱠ | known_for = ᱥᱚᱸᱥᱠᱨᱤᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱮᱫᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ, ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱯᱨᱩᱢ | parents = ᱣᱤᱞᱦᱮᱞᱢ ᱢᱩᱞᱟᱨ }} '''ᱰᱨ. ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱨᱤᱪ ᱢᱮᱠᱥᱢᱩᱞᱟᱨ'''ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱜᱟᱹᱠᱷᱩᱲᱤᱭᱟᱹ, ᱛᱚᱨᱠᱚᱥᱟᱥᱛᱨᱚᱤᱡ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ᱾ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ == ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ == ᱰᱨ. ᱢᱮᱠᱥᱢᱩᱞᱟᱨ ᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱖ ᱰᱤᱥᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱑᱘᱒᱓ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱨᱢᱟᱱᱤ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱮᱥᱣᱟᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱟᱡ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱵᱟᱵᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱣᱤᱞᱦᱮᱞᱢ ᱢᱩᱞᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱤᱯᱡᱤᱜᱽ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱛᱚᱨᱠᱚᱥᱟᱥᱛᱨᱚ ᱨᱮ <ref>ᱴᱩᱰᱩ, ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱚ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ (᱒᱐᱒᱐). ''ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱢᱚᱱᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱨᱟ'' (᱒ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ), ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱟᱵᱚᱛᱤ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ, ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ: ᱑᱔᱒᱾</ref> ᱮᱢ.ᱮ. ᱰᱤᱜᱽᱨᱤ ᱭᱮ ᱦᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱸᱥᱠᱨᱤᱛ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱮᱫᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ == ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ == ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱨᱚᱯᱷᱮᱥᱚᱨ ᱥᱮ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱟᱥᱚᱠ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱛᱮᱭ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱨᱡᱚ , ᱚᱥᱴᱨᱤᱠ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱨᱟᱵᱤᱲ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱜᱚᱱᱚᱝᱟᱱ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱚᱞ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ == ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ == ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱹᱦᱤᱨ ᱫᱩᱞᱟᱹᱲ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱹᱥᱠᱟᱹ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱰᱨ. ᱢᱮᱠᱥᱢᱩᱞᱟᱨ ᱜᱮ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱡᱮ, ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱨᱟᱵᱤᱲ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ == ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ == ᱰᱨ. ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱨᱤᱪ ᱢᱮᱠᱥᱢᱩᱞᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱘ ᱚᱠᱴᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱑᱙᱐᱐ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱠᱥᱯᱷᱳᱨᱰ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱮᱱᱟ᱾ == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == <references /> * <ref>ᱴᱩᱰᱩ, ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱚ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ (᱒᱐᱒᱐). ''ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱢᱚᱱᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱨᱟ'' (᱒ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ), ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱟᱵᱚᱛᱤ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ, ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ: ᱑᱔᱒᱾</ref> * <ref>ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ, ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱢᱚᱞ (᱒᱐᱒᱓). ''ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱞᱤ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱛᱛᱮᱨ ᱤᱛᱤᱦᱟᱥ'' (᱗ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ), ᱱᱤᱨᱢᱚᱞ ᱵᱩᱠ ᱮᱢᱮᱱᱥᱤ, ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ: ᱑᱑᱘᱾</ref> c1bfxqbrqqkq3rf2tsleq1rfvt01jz2 0 36766 194353 2026-07-12T18:27:24Z RohitSonkar.nandulia 8910 " {{Infobox person | name = ᱨᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱮᱱᱰ ᱰᱚᱵᱽᱞᱩ. ᱴᱤ. ᱥᱴᱳᱨᱥ<br>(Rev. W. T. Stores) | birth_name = ᱩᱭᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹᱢ ᱴᱟᱣᱩᱱᱥᱮᱱᱰ ᱥᱴᱳᱨᱥ | occupation = ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱᱟᱨᱤ | known_for = ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱚᱞ ᱟᱨ "ᱜᱤᱨᱡᱟᱹ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱟ" ᱛᱚᱨᱡᱚᱢᱟ }} '''ᱨᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱮᱱ..." ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ 194353 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = ᱨᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱮᱱᱰ ᱰᱚᱵᱽᱞᱩ. ᱴᱤ. ᱥᱴᱳᱨᱥ<br>(Rev. W. T. Stores) | birth_name = ᱩᱭᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹᱢ ᱴᱟᱣᱩᱱᱥᱮᱱᱰ ᱥᱴᱳᱨᱥ | occupation = ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱᱟᱨᱤ | known_for = ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱚᱞ ᱟᱨ "ᱜᱤᱨᱡᱟᱹ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱟ" ᱛᱚᱨᱡᱚᱢᱟ }} '''ᱨᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱮᱱᱰ ᱰᱚᱵᱽᱞᱩ. ᱴᱤ. ᱥᱴᱳᱨᱥ''' ᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱭᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹᱢ ᱴᱟᱣᱩᱱᱥᱮᱱᱰ ᱥᱴᱳᱨᱥ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ 'ᱪᱟᱨᱪ ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱᱟᱨᱤ ᱥᱳᱥᱟᱭᱴᱤ' ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱᱟᱨᱤᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ == ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ == ᱑᱘᱖᱒ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱮᱱᱰ ᱤ. ᱮᱞ. ᱯᱩᱠᱥᱞᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱥᱟᱹᱭ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱭᱵᱮᱞ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ᱾ == ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ == ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ, ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱩᱫᱩᱢ/ᱠᱟᱹᱦᱱᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱚᱨᱚᱡᱽ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱹᱥᱠᱟᱹ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱑᱘᱖᱔ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑᱘᱗᱙ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮᱭ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱚᱞ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱜᱤᱨᱡᱟᱹ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱤᱭᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱤᱨᱡᱟᱹ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱤᱭᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ "ᱜᱤᱨᱡᱟᱹ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱟ" ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱛᱮᱭ ᱛᱚᱨᱡᱚᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱨᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱮᱱᱰ ᱯᱩᱠᱥᱞᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱴᱳᱨᱥ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱜᱮ ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱᱟᱨᱤ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱳᱢᱟᱱ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱤᱱ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == <references /> * <ref>ᱴᱩᱰᱩ, ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱚ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ (᱒᱐᱒᱐). ''ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱢᱚᱱᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱨᱟ'' (᱒ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ), ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱟᱵᱚᱛᱤ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ, ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ: ᱑᱔᱒᱾</ref> * <ref>ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ, ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱢᱚᱞ (᱒᱐᱒᱓). ''ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱞᱤ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱛᱛᱮᱨ ᱤᱛᱤᱦᱟᱥ'' (᱗ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ), ᱱᱤᱨᱢᱚᱞ ᱵᱩᱠ ᱮᱢᱮᱱᱥᱤ, ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ: ᱑᱐᱓᱾</ref> k5dcj4dedxcb05aoqpxo9kbodelr2sw 0 36767 194354 2026-07-12T18:33:42Z RohitSonkar.nandulia 8910 "{{Infobox person | name = ᱨᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱮᱱᱰ ᱩᱴᱤᱥ ᱵᱮᱪᱞᱟᱨ<br>(Rev. Otis Bachelor) | occupation = ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱᱟᱨᱤ, ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫᱤᱭᱟᱹ | known_for = ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ, ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱤᱥᱠᱩᱞ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ }} '''ᱨᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱮᱱ..." ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ 194354 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = ᱨᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱮᱱᱰ ᱩᱴᱤᱥ ᱵᱮᱪᱞᱟᱨ<br>(Rev. Otis Bachelor) | occupation = ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱᱟᱨᱤ, ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫᱤᱭᱟᱹ | known_for = ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ, ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱤᱥᱠᱩᱞ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ }} '''ᱨᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱮᱱᱰ ᱩᱴᱤᱥ ᱵᱮᱪᱞᱟᱨ''' ᱫᱚ 'ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱯᱴᱤᱥᱴ ᱯᱷᱚᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱥᱳᱥᱟᱭᱴᱤ' ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱᱟᱨᱤᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ, ᱟᱥᱚᱠᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱮᱫᱤᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱚᱞᱮᱥᱣᱚᱨ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ == ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ == ᱩᱴᱤᱥ ᱵᱮᱪᱞᱟᱨ ᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱮᱫᱤᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱨᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱮᱱᱰ ᱡᱮ. ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱤᱯᱥ ᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱢᱮᱫᱤᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱮᱱᱰ ᱩᱴᱤᱥ ᱵᱮᱪᱞᱟᱨ ᱜᱮᱭ ᱜᱚᱜ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ == ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ == <ref>ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ, ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱢᱚᱞ (᱒᱐᱒᱓). ''ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱞᱤ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱛᱛᱮᱨ ᱤᱛᱤᱦᱟᱥ'' (᱗ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ), ᱱᱤᱨᱢᱚᱞ ᱵᱩᱠ ᱮᱢᱮᱱᱥᱤ, ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ: ᱑᱐᱒᱾</ref>ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱑᱘᱔᱕ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱞᱮᱥᱣᱚᱨ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ 'ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱤᱥᱠᱩᱞ' ᱠᱚ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱞᱮᱥᱣᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱮᱝᱜᱚᱞ ᱯᱨᱮᱥᱤᱰᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱫᱤᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ᱾ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱴᱤᱥ ᱵᱮᱪᱞᱟᱨ ᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱹᱦᱤᱨ ᱫᱩᱞᱟᱹᱲ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱟᱭᱳ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱡᱩᱨ ᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱑᱘᱖᱒ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑᱘৭᱐ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱮᱫᱤᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱤᱥᱠᱩᱞ ᱮ ᱵᱮᱨᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == <references /> * <ref>ᱴᱩᱰᱩ, ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱚ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ (᱒᱐᱒᱐). ''ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱢᱚᱱᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱨᱟ'' (᱒ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ), ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱟᱵᱚᱛᱤ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ, ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ: ᱑᱔᱑᱾</ref> * <ref>ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ, ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱢᱚᱞ (᱒᱐᱒᱓). ''ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱞᱤ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱛᱛᱮᱨ ᱤᱛᱤᱦᱟᱥ'' (᱗ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ), ᱱᱤᱨᱢᱚᱞ ᱵᱩᱠ ᱮᱢᱮᱱᱥᱤ, ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ: ᱑᱐᱒᱾</ref> css66bctw2ujzonzfzdurdco5wnbx4a 0 36768 194355 2026-07-12T18:39:24Z RohitSonkar.nandulia 8910 "{{Infobox person | name = ᱰᱨ. ᱥᱤ. ᱟᱨ. ᱞᱮᱯᱥᱟᱥ<br>(Dr. C. R. Lepsus) | occupation = ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱᱟᱨᱤ, ᱰᱟᱠᱴᱚᱨ | known_for = ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ 'ᱥᱴᱮᱱᱰᱟᱨᱰ ᱨᱳᱢᱟᱱ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ' ᱟᱨ 'ᱰᱟᱭᱠᱨᱤᱴᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱢᱟᱨᱠᱥ' ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ }} '''ᱰᱨ. ᱥᱤ. ᱟᱨ. ᱞᱮᱯᱥᱟᱥ''' ᱫ..." ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ 194355 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = ᱰᱨ. ᱥᱤ. ᱟᱨ. ᱞᱮᱯᱥᱟᱥ<br>(Dr. C. R. Lepsus) | occupation = ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱᱟᱨᱤ, ᱰᱟᱠᱴᱚᱨ | known_for = ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ 'ᱥᱴᱮᱱᱰᱟᱨᱰ ᱨᱳᱢᱟᱱ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ' ᱟᱨ 'ᱰᱟᱭᱠᱨᱤᱴᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱢᱟᱨᱠᱥ' ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ }} '''ᱰᱨ. ᱥᱤ. ᱟᱨ. ᱞᱮᱯᱥᱟᱥ''' ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱤᱥᱟᱹᱭ ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱᱟᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱰᱟᱠᱴᱚᱨ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱰᱟᱠᱴᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮᱭ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱᱟᱨᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱡᱩᱨ ᱜᱚᱨᱚᱡᱽ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱹᱥᱠᱟᱹ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱳᱢᱟᱱ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱛᱚᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ == ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ == ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱨᱚᱯᱚᱲ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱳᱢᱟᱱ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱮᱡ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤᱭ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱡᱮ, ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱥᱚᱴᱷᱤᱠ ᱥᱟᱺᱦᱤᱡ ᱚᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱪᱟᱞᱩ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱨᱳᱢᱟᱱ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱨᱩᱯᱷᱮᱨᱟᱣ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱡᱽ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱑᱘᱖᱓ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱰᱨ. ᱥᱤ. ᱟᱨ. ᱞᱮᱯᱥᱟᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ "ᱥᱴᱮᱱᱰᱟᱨᱰ ᱨᱳᱢᱟᱱ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ" ᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱭᱟᱹᱛ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱳᱢᱟᱱ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ 'ᱰᱟᱭᱠᱨᱤᱴᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱢᱟᱨᱠᱥ' ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮ ᱫᱤᱥᱟᱹ ᱥᱮ ᱯᱚᱨᱟᱢᱚᱨᱥᱚ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱᱟᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱦᱮᱵᱽ ᱯᱩᱠᱥᱞᱤ ᱜᱮ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱢᱩᱨᱟᱹᱭ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ "Vocabulary of Santali Language" ᱨᱮᱭ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱨᱳᱢᱟᱱ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱮ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱥᱴᱮᱱᱰᱟᱨᱰ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱰᱨ. ᱞᱮᱯᱥᱟᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == <references /> * <ref>ᱴᱩᱰᱩ, ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱚ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ (᱒᱐᱒᱐). ''ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱢᱚᱱᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱨᱟ'' (᱒ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ), ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱟᱵᱚᱛᱤ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ, ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ: ᱑᱔᱒᱾</ref> * <ref>ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ, ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱢᱚᱞ (᱒᱐᱒᱓). ''ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱞᱤ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱛᱛᱮᱨ ᱤᱛᱤᱦᱟᱥ'' (᱗ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ), ᱱᱤᱨᱢᱚᱞ ᱵᱩᱠ ᱮᱢᱮᱱᱥᱤ, ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ: ᱑᱐᱒-᱑᱐᱓᱾</ref> kdoqq74idqn1vhxc202nbor17ngaktg 0 36769 194356 2026-07-13T00:33:56Z ᱥᱩᱠᱚᱞ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱤ 8638 "{{Infobox magazine | title = ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱞ ᱡᱟᱦᱮᱨ | image = | editor = [[ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱞ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] | frequency = ᱯᱮ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ | category = ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ | company = "ᱟᱜᱩᱣᱟᱱ" ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ | firstdate = ᱒᱐᱐᱖ | country = [[ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ]] | language = ᱥᱟᱱ..." ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ 194356 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox magazine | title = ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱞ ᱡᱟᱦᱮᱨ | image = | editor = [[ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱞ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] | frequency = ᱯᱮ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ | category = ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ | company = "ᱟᱜᱩᱣᱟᱱ" ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ | firstdate = ᱒᱐᱐᱖ | country = [[ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ]] | language = [[ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ]] | script = [[ᱚᱞ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ]] | headquarters = ᱡᱷᱟᱲᱜᱨᱟᱢ, ᱯᱟᱥᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱢᱮᱫᱤᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ, ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ }} '''ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱞ ᱡᱟᱦᱮᱨ''' ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱮ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱒᱐᱐᱖ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="Hembram2017">{{cite book |last=ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ |first=ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱢᱚᱞ |title=ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱞᱤ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱛᱛᱮᱨ ᱤᱛᱤᱦᱟᱥ |publisher=ᱱᱤᱨᱢᱚᱞ ᱵᱩᱠ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱥᱤ |date=ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱑᱗ |edition=Fifth |language=Bengali}}</ref> == ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱤᱡ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱤᱡ == ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱤᱡ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱞ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ "ᱟᱜᱩᱣᱟᱱ" ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="Hembram2017"/> == ᱴᱷᱤᱠᱟᱹᱱᱟ == ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱞ ᱴᱷᱤᱠᱟᱹᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱮᱱᱟ:<ref name="Hembram2017"/> * ᱥᱴᱮᱴ ᱵᱮᱸᱠ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ, ᱡᱷᱟᱲᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱰᱟᱹᱨ, ᱯᱳᱥᱴ: ᱡᱷᱟᱲᱜᱨᱟᱢ, ᱡᱮᱞᱟ: ᱯᱟᱥᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱢᱮᱫᱤᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ, ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ, ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱾ == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{reflist}} [[Category:ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ]] [[Category:᱒᱐᱐᱖ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ]] bjrd7vxqsxgmy98g1obn50gjjon0rf9 1 36770 194357 2026-07-13T00:34:54Z ᱥᱩᱠᱚᱞ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱤ 8638 https://fountain.toolforge.org/editathons/wp25sat 194357 wikitext text/x-wiki {{wp25sat}} qhzngueepknbo901wcfy4m1qd7se8vs 0 36771 194358 2026-07-13T00:45:16Z ᱥᱩᱠᱚᱞ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱤ 8638 "{{Infobox magazine | title = ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱲ | image = | editor = [[ᱢᱚᱫᱷᱩᱥᱩᱫᱚᱱ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] | publisher = [[ᱢᱚᱫᱷᱩᱥᱩᱫᱚᱱ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] | frequency = ᱜᱮᱞᱯᱩᱱ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ | category = ᱵᱮᱣᱨᱟ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ | firstdate = ᱒᱐᱐᱒ | country = [[ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ]] | language = ᱥᱟ..." ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ 194358 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox magazine | title = ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱲ | image = | editor = [[ᱢᱚᱫᱷᱩᱥᱩᱫᱚᱱ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] | publisher = [[ᱢᱚᱫᱷᱩᱥᱩᱫᱚᱱ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] | frequency = ᱜᱮᱞᱯᱩᱱ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ | category = ᱵᱮᱣᱨᱟ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ | firstdate = ᱒᱐᱐᱒ | country = [[ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ]] | language = [[ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ]] | script = [[ᱚᱞ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ]] | headquarters = ᱪᱩᱢᱩᱞ ᱯᱩᱠᱩᱨ, ᱦᱩᱜᱽᱞᱤ, ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ }} '''ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱲ''' ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱮᱞᱯᱩᱱ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱵᱮᱣᱨᱟ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱦᱩᱜᱽᱞᱤ ᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱒᱐᱐᱒ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="Hembram2017">{{cite book |last=ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ |first=ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱢᱚᱞ |title=ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱞᱤ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱛᱛᱮᱨ ᱤᱛᱤᱦᱟᱥ |publisher=ᱱᱤᱨᱢᱚᱞ ᱵᱩᱠ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱥᱤ |date= ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱑᱗ |edition=5th |language=Bengali}}</ref> == ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱥᱮᱥ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ == ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱮᱣᱨᱟ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱨᱮ ᱒᱐᱐᱑ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ "ᱛᱮᱨᱟᱝ" ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ "ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱲ" ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱣᱨᱟ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱥᱮᱥ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱫᱤᱱᱟᱹᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱜᱚᱡᱽ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ 'ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱲ' ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ, ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ, ᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱮᱣᱨᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱤᱡ ᱞᱟᱪᱷᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱵᱮᱣᱨᱟ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱫᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱰᱷᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱜᱩ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱩᱨᱩᱢᱩᱴᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name="Hembram2017"/> == ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱤᱡ ᱟᱨ ᱴᱷᱤᱠᱟᱹᱱᱟ == ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱤᱡ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱤᱡ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱚᱫᱷᱩᱥᱩᱫᱚᱱ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱞ ᱴᱷᱤᱠᱟᱹᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱮᱱᱟ:<ref name="Hembram2017"/> * ᱟᱹᱛᱩ: ᱪᱩᱢᱩᱞ ᱯᱩᱠᱩᱨ, ᱯᱳᱥᱴ: ᱱᱚᱭᱟᱥᱚᱨᱟᱭ, ᱡᱮᱞᱟ: ᱦᱩᱜᱽᱞᱤ, ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ, ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱾ == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{reflist}} [[Category:ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ]] [[Category:᱒᱐᱐᱒ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ]] kfbg78wz7khrg0pley6stnz9pfe6ju3 194368 194358 2026-07-13T01:25:08Z ᱥᱩᱠᱚᱞ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱤ 8638 /* */ 194368 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox magazine | title = ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱟᱲ | image = | editor = [[ᱢᱚᱫᱷᱩᱥᱩᱫᱚᱱ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] | publisher = [[ᱢᱚᱫᱷᱩᱥᱩᱫᱚᱱ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]] | frequency = ᱜᱮᱞᱯᱩᱱ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ | category = ᱵᱮᱣᱨᱟ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ | firstdate = ᱒᱐᱐᱒ | country = [[ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ]] | language = [[ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ]] | script = [[ᱚᱞ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ]] | headquarters = ᱪᱩᱢᱩᱞ ᱯᱩᱠᱩᱨ, ᱦᱩᱜᱽᱞᱤ, ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ }} '''ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱟᱲ''' ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱮᱞᱯᱩᱱ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱵᱮᱣᱨᱟ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱦᱩᱜᱽᱞᱤ ᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱒᱐᱐᱒ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="Hembram2017">{{cite book |last=ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ |first=ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱢᱚᱞ |title=ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱞᱤ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱛᱛᱮᱨ ᱤᱛᱤᱦᱟᱥ |publisher=ᱱᱤᱨᱢᱚᱞ ᱵᱩᱠ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱥᱤ |date= ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱑᱗ |edition=5th |language=Bengali}}</ref> == ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱥᱮᱥ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ == ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱮᱣᱨᱟ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱨᱮ ᱒᱐᱐᱑ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ "ᱛᱮᱨᱟᱝ" ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ "ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱲ" ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱣᱨᱟ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱥᱮᱥ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱫᱤᱱᱟᱹᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱜᱚᱡᱽ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ 'ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱲ' ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ, ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ, ᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱮᱣᱨᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱤᱡ ᱞᱟᱪᱷᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱵᱮᱣᱨᱟ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱫᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱰᱷᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱜᱩ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱩᱨᱩᱢᱩᱴᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name="Hembram2017"/> == ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱤᱡ ᱟᱨ ᱴᱷᱤᱠᱟᱹᱱᱟ == ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱤᱡ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱤᱡ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱚᱫᱷᱩᱥᱩᱫᱚᱱ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱞ ᱴᱷᱤᱠᱟᱹᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱮᱱᱟ:<ref name="Hembram2017"/> * ᱟᱹᱛᱩ: ᱪᱩᱢᱩᱞ ᱯᱩᱠᱩᱨ, ᱯᱳᱥᱴ: ᱱᱚᱭᱟᱥᱚᱨᱟᱭ, ᱡᱮᱞᱟ: ᱦᱩᱜᱽᱞᱤ, ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ, ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱾ == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{reflist}} [[Category:ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ]] [[Category:᱒᱐᱐᱒ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ]] cbmrqrp497sfgewmf3wt85lchli6p5w 1 36772 194359 2026-07-13T00:48:47Z ᱥᱩᱠᱚᱞ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱤ 8638 https://fountain.toolforge.org/editathons/wp25sat 194359 wikitext text/x-wiki {{wp25sat}} qhzngueepknbo901wcfy4m1qd7se8vs 0 36773 194360 2026-07-13T00:56:20Z ᱥᱩᱠᱚᱞ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱤ 8638 "{{Infobox magazine | title = ᱥᱤᱨᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱢ | image = | editor = [[ᱪᱳᱭᱛᱚᱱᱭᱚ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱟᱫᱽ ᱢᱟᱹᱡᱷᱤ]] | publisher = [[ᱪᱳᱭᱛᱚᱱᱭᱚ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱟᱫᱽ ᱢᱟᱹᱡᱷᱤ]] | frequency = ᱛᱩᱨᱩᱭ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ | category = ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ | firstdate = ᱑᱙᱘᱘ | country..." ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ 194360 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox magazine | title = ᱥᱤᱨᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱢ | image = | editor = [[ᱪᱳᱭᱛᱚᱱᱭᱚ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱟᱫᱽ ᱢᱟᱹᱡᱷᱤ]] | publisher = [[ᱪᱳᱭᱛᱚᱱᱭᱚ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱟᱫᱽ ᱢᱟᱹᱡᱷᱤ]] | frequency = ᱛᱩᱨᱩᱭ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ | category = ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ | firstdate = ᱑᱙᱘᱘ | country = [[ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ]] | language = [[ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ]] | script = [[ᱚᱞ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ]] | headquarters = ᱵᱚᱨᱵᱤᱞ, ᱠᱮᱶᱱᱡᱷᱚᱨ ᱡᱮᱞᱟ, ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ }} '''ᱥᱤᱨᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱢ''' ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱛᱩᱨᱩᱭ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑᱙᱘᱘ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ <ref name="Hembram2017">{{cite book |last=ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ |first=ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱢᱚᱞ |title=ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱞᱤ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱛᱛᱮᱨ ᱤᱛᱤᱦᱟᱥ |publisher=ᱱᱤᱨᱢᱚᱞ ᱵᱩᱠ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱥᱤ |date=ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱑᱗ |edition=ᱯᱷᱤᱯ ᱤᱰᱤᱥᱚᱱ |language=Bengali}}</ref> == ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱤᱡ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ == ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱤᱡ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱤᱡ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱳᱭᱛᱚᱱᱭᱚ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱟᱫᱽ ᱢᱟᱹᱡᱷᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱮᱶᱱᱡᱷᱚᱨ ᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱨᱵᱤᱞ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="Hembram2017"/> == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{reflist}} [[Category:ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ]] [[Category:᱑᱙᱘᱘ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ]] 0jp21b5zz45pt7za8dji41tbskg52yh 1 36774 194361 2026-07-13T00:57:07Z ᱥᱩᱠᱚᱞ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱤ 8638 https://fountain.toolforge.org/editathons/wp25sat 194361 wikitext text/x-wiki {{wp25sat}} qhzngueepknbo901wcfy4m1qd7se8vs 0 36775 194362 2026-07-13T01:08:04Z ᱥᱩᱠᱚᱞ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱤ 8638 "{{Infobox magazine | title = ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ | image = | editor = [[ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ]] | publisher = ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱵᱟᱹᱭᱥᱤ | category = ᱵᱮᱣᱨᱟ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ | firstdate = ᱑᱙᱘᱘ | country = [[ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ]] | language = ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ..." ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ 194362 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox magazine | title = ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ | image = | editor = [[ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ]] | publisher = ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱵᱟᱹᱭᱥᱤ | category = ᱵᱮᱣᱨᱟ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ | firstdate = ᱑᱙᱘᱘ | country = [[ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ]] | language = [[ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ]] | script = [[ᱚᱞ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ]] | headquarters = ᱨᱟᱩᱨᱠᱮᱞᱟ, ᱪᱟᱹᱭᱤᱱ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ, ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ }} '''ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ''' ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱮᱣᱨᱟ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ (ᱱᱤᱭᱩᱡᱽᱯᱮᱯᱟᱨ) ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱮᱣᱨᱟ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱵᱟᱹᱭᱥᱤ ᱦᱚᱛᱮ ᱛᱮ ᱑᱙᱘᱘ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ <ref name="Murmu2014">{{cite book |last=ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ |first=ᱞᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ |title=ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ |publisher=ᱯᱚᱥᱪᱤᱢᱟ ᱯᱟᱵᱽᱞᱤᱠᱮᱥᱚᱱᱥ |date=2014 |edition=1st |language=Santali}}</ref><ref name="Hembram2017">{{cite book |last=ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ |first=ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱢᱚᱞ |title=ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱞᱤ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱛᱛᱮᱨ ᱤᱛᱤᱦᱟᱥ |publisher=ᱱᱤᱨᱢᱚᱞ ᱵᱩᱠ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱥᱤ |date=September 2017 (᱒᱐᱑᱗) |edition=ᱯᱷᱤᱯ |language=Bengali}}</ref> == ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ == ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱮᱣᱨᱟ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱩᱨᱠᱮᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱪᱟᱹᱭᱤᱱ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱟᱦᱟᱱᱛᱤ ᱵᱮᱣᱨᱟ ᱠᱟᱜᱚᱡᱽ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱨᱩᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱮᱣᱨᱟ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ '''"ᱟᱦᱞᱟ"''' ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱥᱛᱤ ᱵᱤᱵᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="Murmu2014"/><ref name="Hembram2017"/> == ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱤᱡ == 'ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ' ᱵᱮᱣᱨᱟ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱩᱞ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱤᱡ ᱫᱚ [[ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ]] ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾<ref name="Murmu2014"/> == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{reflist}} [[Category:ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ]] [[Category:᱑᱙᱘᱘ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ]] 3pdb5b3hss5lk0vmz9funjumtwwi2nq 1 36776 194363 2026-07-13T01:08:43Z ᱥᱩᱠᱚᱞ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱤ 8638 https://fountain.toolforge.org/editathons/wp25sat 194363 wikitext text/x-wiki {{wp25sat}} qhzngueepknbo901wcfy4m1qd7se8vs 0 36777 194364 2026-07-13T01:14:59Z ᱥᱩᱠᱚᱞ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱤ 8638 "{{Infobox magazine | title = ᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ | image = | editor = [[ᱰᱟᱹᱠᱛᱚᱨ ᱠᱚᱥᱛᱩᱨᱤ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ 'ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱠᱩᱨ']] | publisher = ᱥᱚᱛᱥᱚᱝᱜᱚ ᱯᱟᱵᱽᱞᱤᱥᱤᱝ ᱦᱟᱣᱩᱥ | frequency = ᱯᱮ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ | category = ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ | firstdate = ᱑᱙᱘᱘ | country = ..." ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ 194364 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox magazine | title = ᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ | image = | editor = [[ᱰᱟᱹᱠᱛᱚᱨ ᱠᱚᱥᱛᱩᱨᱤ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ 'ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱠᱩᱨ']] | publisher = ᱥᱚᱛᱥᱚᱝᱜᱚ ᱯᱟᱵᱽᱞᱤᱥᱤᱝ ᱦᱟᱣᱩᱥ | frequency = ᱯᱮ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ | category = ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ | firstdate = ᱑᱙᱘᱘ | country = [[ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ]] | language = [[ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ]] | script = [[ᱚᱞ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ]] | headquarters = ᱫᱮᱣᱜᱷᱚᱨ, ᱡᱷᱟᱲᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ }} '''ᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ''' ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱮ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱘᱘ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="Murmu2014">{{cite book |last=ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ |first=ᱞᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ |title=ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ |publisher=ᱯᱚᱥᱪᱤᱢᱟ ᱯᱟᱵᱽᱞᱤᱠᱮᱥᱚᱱᱥ |date=2014 |edition=1st |language=Santali}}</ref><ref name="Hembram2017">{{cite book |last=ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ |first=ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱢᱚᱞ |title=ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱞᱤ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱛᱛᱮᱨ ᱤᱛᱤᱦᱟᱥ |publisher=ᱱᱤᱨᱢᱚᱞ ᱵᱩᱠ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱥᱤ |date=September 2017 |edition=5th |language=Bengali}}</ref> == ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱚᱥ == ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱷᱟᱲᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱮᱣᱜᱷᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ "ᱥᱚᱛᱥᱚᱝᱜᱚ ᱯᱟᱵᱽᱞᱤᱥᱤᱝ ᱦᱟᱣᱩᱥ" ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱞ ᱡᱚᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱫᱽᱫᱮᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱚᱛᱥᱚᱝᱜᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱤᱭᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱹᱱᱩᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱤᱥᱞᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱾<ref name="Murmu2014"/><ref name="Hembram2017"/> == ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱤᱡ == 'ᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ' ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱤᱡ ᱫᱚ [[ᱰᱟᱹᱠᱛᱚᱨ ᱠᱚᱥᱛᱩᱨᱤ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ 'ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱠᱩᱨ']] ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱮ ᱛᱚᱨᱟᱣ ᱮᱫᱟ ᱾<ref name="Hembram2017"/> == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{reflist}} [[Category:ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ]] [[Category:᱑᱙᱘᱘ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ]] i9ae491y1f705jlmbbaqdblc7tt1vgc 1 36778 194365 2026-07-13T01:16:05Z ᱥᱩᱠᱚᱞ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱤ 8638 https://fountain.toolforge.org/editathons/wp25sat 194365 wikitext text/x-wiki {{wp25sat}} qhzngueepknbo901wcfy4m1qd7se8vs 0 36779 194370 2026-07-13T01:32:04Z ᱥᱩᱠᱚᱞ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱤ 8638 "{{Infobox magazine | title = ᱦᱚᱲ | image = | editor = ᱵᱨᱚᱡᱚᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱢᱟᱨᱰᱤ | publisher = ᱵᱨᱚᱡᱚᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱢᱟᱨᱰᱤ | frequency = ᱯᱮ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ | category = ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ | firstdate = ᱑᱙᱘᱗ | country = ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ | language = ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ | script =..." ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ 194370 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox magazine | title = ᱦᱚᱲ | image = | editor = ᱵᱨᱚᱡᱚᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱢᱟᱨᱰᱤ | publisher = ᱵᱨᱚᱡᱚᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱢᱟᱨᱰᱤ | frequency = ᱯᱮ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ | category = ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ | firstdate = ᱑᱙᱘᱗ | country = ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ | language = ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ | script = ᱚᱞ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ | headquarters = ᱢᱩᱨᱟᱱᱥᱳᱞ, ᱵᱮᱞᱯᱟᱦᱟᱲᱤ, ᱢᱮᱫᱤᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ, ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ }} '''ᱦᱚᱲ''' ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱮ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱘᱗ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱩᱱ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ == ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱤᱡ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ == ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱤᱡ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱤᱡ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱨᱚᱡᱚᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱢᱟᱨᱰᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ᱾ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱫᱤᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱡᱮᱞᱟ (ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱯᱟᱪᱷᱮ ᱢᱮᱫᱤᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ) ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱞᱯᱟᱦᱟᱲᱤ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱨᱟᱱᱥᱳᱞ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ᱾ == ᱯᱟᱹᱴᱷᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱚᱱᱛᱚᱨ == ᱯᱟᱹᱴᱷᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱡᱽ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱭᱫᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱮ ᱥᱟᱨᱦᱟᱣᱱᱟ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜ-ᱟ᱾ == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == * {{cite book |last=ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ |first=ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱢᱚᱞ |title=ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱞᱤ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱛᱛᱮᱨ ᱤᱛᱤᱦᱟᱥ |publisher=ᱱᱤᱨᱢᱚᱞ ᱵᱩᱠ ᱮᱢᱮᱱᱥᱤ |date=September 2017 |edition=5th}} 99kjvswkpwelhp3wlqjdcz30802ixna 1 36780 194371 2026-07-13T01:32:54Z ᱥᱩᱠᱚᱞ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱤ 8638 https://fountain.toolforge.org/editathons/wp25sat 194371 wikitext text/x-wiki {{wp25sat}} qhzngueepknbo901wcfy4m1qd7se8vs 0 36781 194372 2026-07-13T01:38:24Z ᱥᱩᱠᱚᱞ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱤ 8638 "{{Infobox magazine | title = ᱯᱷᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱠᱚᱭᱮᱞ | image = | editor = [[ᱡᱚᱫᱩᱢᱚᱬᱤ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ]] | publisher = 'ᱯᱷᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱠᱚᱭᱮᱞ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ' | frequency = ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ | category = ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ | firstdate = ᱑᱙᱘᱗ | country = [[ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ]] | l..." ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ 194372 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox magazine | title = ᱯᱷᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱠᱚᱭᱮᱞ | image = | editor = [[ᱡᱚᱫᱩᱢᱚᱬᱤ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ]] | publisher = 'ᱯᱷᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱠᱚᱭᱮᱞ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ' | frequency = ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ | category = ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ | firstdate = ᱑᱙᱘᱗ | country = [[ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ]] | language = [[ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ]] | script = [[ᱚᱞ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ]] | headquarters = ᱵᱤᱥᱳᱭ, ᱢᱚᱭᱩᱨᱵᱷᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱡᱮᱞᱟ, ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ }} '''ᱯᱷᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱠᱚᱭᱮᱞ''' ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱢᱚᱭᱩᱨᱵᱷᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱥᱳᱭ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑᱙᱘᱗ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="Murmu2014">{{cite book |last=ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ |first=ᱞᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ |title=ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ |publisher=ᱯᱚᱥᱪᱤᱢᱟ ᱯᱟᱵᱽᱞᱤᱠᱮᱥᱚᱱᱥ |date=2014 |edition=1st |language=Santali}}</ref><ref name="Hembram2017">{{cite book |last=ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ |first=ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱢᱚᱞ |title=ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱞᱤ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱛᱛᱮᱨ ᱤᱛᱤᱦᱟᱥ |publisher=ᱱᱤᱨᱢᱚᱞ ᱵᱩᱠ ᱮᱢᱮᱱᱥᱤ |date=September 2017 |edition=5th |language=Bengali}}</ref> == ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱤᱡ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ == ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱤᱡ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱮᱠᱟᱰᱮᱢᱤ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱢᱮᱴᱤᱡ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱚᱱᱚᱲᱦᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱡᱚᱫᱩᱢᱚᱬᱤ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱙᱙᱑ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱤᱡ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱫᱟᱹᱭᱤᱛᱣᱚ ᱮ ᱵᱚᱦᱚᱜ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ 'ᱯᱷᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱠᱚᱭᱮᱞ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ' ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾<ref name="Hembram2017"/> == ᱮᱱᱮᱢ == 'ᱯᱷᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱠᱚᱭᱮᱞ' ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱪᱟᱨᱪᱟ ᱞᱟᱦᱟ ᱵᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱚᱵᱚᱡᱟᱜᱚᱨᱚᱱ (ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱩᱢᱮᱫᱽ) ᱮ ᱟᱹᱜᱩ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱚᱱᱚᱲᱦᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱚᱞ ᱥᱟᱶᱼᱥᱟᱶ ᱛᱮ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱟᱯᱱᱟᱨ ᱦᱩᱱᱟᱹᱨ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱫᱩᱣᱟᱹᱨ ᱮ ᱡᱷᱤᱡ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name="Hembram2017"/> == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{reflist}} [[Category:ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ]] [[Category:᱑᱙᱘᱗ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ]] s5tebeexzlrv2lvzquq6zjbbj8klbx7 1 36782 194373 2026-07-13T01:39:07Z ᱥᱩᱠᱚᱞ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱤ 8638 https://fountain.toolforge.org/editathons/wp25sat 194373 wikitext text/x-wiki {{wp25sat}} qhzngueepknbo901wcfy4m1qd7se8vs 0 36783 194375 2026-07-13T01:55:04Z ᱥᱩᱠᱚᱞ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱤ 8638 "{{Infobox magazine | title = ᱡᱩᱣᱟᱹᱱ | image = | editor = [[ᱢᱚᱫᱚᱱ ᱢᱳᱦᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] | publisher = [[ᱢᱚᱫᱚᱱ ᱢᱳᱦᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] | frequency = ᱯᱮ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ | category = ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ | firstdate = ᱢᱟᱨᱪ ᱑᱙᱘᱘ | country = [[ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ]]..." ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ 194375 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox magazine | title = ᱡᱩᱣᱟᱹᱱ | image = | editor = [[ᱢᱚᱫᱚᱱ ᱢᱳᱦᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] | publisher = [[ᱢᱚᱫᱚᱱ ᱢᱳᱦᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] | frequency = ᱯᱮ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ | category = ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ | firstdate = ᱢᱟᱨᱪ ᱑᱙᱘᱘ | country = [[ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ]] | language = [[ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ]] | script = [[ᱚᱞ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ]] | headquarters = ᱫᱩᱢᱫᱩᱢᱤ, ᱯᱩᱨᱩᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ, ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ }} '''ᱡᱩᱣᱟᱹᱱ''' ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱮ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑᱙ hated ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱨᱪ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="Hembram2017">{{cite book |last=ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ |first=ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱢᱚᱞ |title=ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱞᱤ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱛᱛᱮᱨ ᱤᱛᱤᱦᱟᱥ |publisher=ᱱᱤᱨᱢᱚᱞ ᱵᱩᱠ ᱮᱢᱮᱱᱥᱤ |date=September 2017 |edition=5th |language=Bengali}}</ref> == ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱤᱡ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ == ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱤᱡ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱤᱡ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱚᱫᱚᱱ ᱢᱳᱦᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱞ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱮᱱᱟ: * ᱟᱹᱛᱩ: ᱫᱩᱢᱫᱩᱢᱤ, ᱯᱳᱥᱴ: ᱢᱩᱨᱩᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ, ᱡᱮᱞᱟ: ᱯᱩᱨᱩᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ, ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ, ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱾<ref name="Hembram2017"/> == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{reflist}} [[Category:ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ]] [[Category:᱑᱙᱘᱘ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ]] 2h19wd46kc6fy0kxoq1vpa0uhcdnnbn 1 36784 194376 2026-07-13T01:55:48Z ᱥᱩᱠᱚᱞ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱤ 8638 https://fountain.toolforge.org/editathons/wp25sat 194376 wikitext text/x-wiki {{wp25sat}} qhzngueepknbo901wcfy4m1qd7se8vs 0 36785 194377 2026-07-13T02:06:52Z ᱥᱩᱠᱚᱞ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱤ 8638 "{{Infobox music genre | name = ᱫᱟᱥᱟᱸᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ | native_name = ᱫᱟᱥᱟᱸᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ | indigenous_to = [[ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ]] ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ | cultural_origins= [[ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ]], [[ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ]] | instruments = [[ᱵᱷᱩᱣᱟᱹᱝ]], [[ᱛᱩᱢᱫᱟᱹ]], [[ᱴᱟᱢᱟᱠ]] | derivatives = ᱫᱟᱥᱟᱸᱭ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ }} '''ᱫᱟᱥ..." ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ 194377 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox music genre | name = ᱫᱟᱥᱟᱸᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ | native_name = ᱫᱟᱥᱟᱸᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ | indigenous_to = [[ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ]] ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ | cultural_origins= [[ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ]], [[ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ]] | instruments = [[ᱵᱷᱩᱣᱟᱹᱝ]], [[ᱛᱩᱢᱫᱟᱹ]], [[ᱴᱟᱢᱟᱠ]] | derivatives = ᱫᱟᱥᱟᱸᱭ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ }} '''ᱫᱟᱥᱟᱸᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ''' ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱥᱟᱸᱭ ᱯᱚᱨᱚᱵᱽ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱩᱨᱩ ᱪᱮᱞᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name="Murmu2014">{{cite book |last=ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ |first=ᱞᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ |title=ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ |publisher=ᱯᱚᱥᱪᱤᱢᱟ ᱯᱟᱵᱽᱞᱤᱠᱮᱥᱚᱱᱥ |date=2014 |edition=1st |language=Santali}}</ref> == ᱫᱟᱥᱟᱸᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱠᱚ == ᱫᱟᱥᱟᱸᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ "ᱦᱟᱭᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱭᱨᱮ" ᱢᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱫᱩᱠᱷ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱩᱣᱟᱹᱝ, ᱛᱩᱢᱫᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱯᱟᱵᱽ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name="Murmu2014"/> === ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ === ᱫᱟᱥᱟᱸᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱮᱱᱟ: <blockquote> ᱦᱟᱭᱨᱮ—ᱦᱟᱭᱨᱮ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ, ᱥᱤᱧ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱨᱮ,<br/> ᱥᱤᱧ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱧᱤᱫᱟᱹᱭ ᱞᱟᱦᱟᱭ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱾<br/> ᱦᱟᱭᱨᱮ—ᱦᱟᱭᱨᱮ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ, ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱨᱮ,<br/> ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱧᱤᱫᱟᱹᱭ ᱞᱟᱦᱟᱭ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱾ </blockquote> == ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱯᱟᱵᱽ ᱠᱚ == * '''[[ᱵᱷᱩᱣᱟᱹᱝ]]''' - ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱟᱥᱟᱸᱭ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱞ ᱥᱟᱯᱟᱵᱽ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ * '''[[ᱛᱩᱢᱫᱟᱹ]]''' - ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱟᱦᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱞ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ *'''[[ᱠᱚᱨᱛᱟᱞ]]''' - ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱨᱟᱦᱟ ᱟᱜᱩᱭᱟ । == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{reflist}} [[Category:ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱠᱚ]] [[Category:ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ]] 6dnvc3onqduxwwtml8qnduc3gkuqotx 1 36786 194378 2026-07-13T02:10:05Z ᱥᱩᱠᱚᱞ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱤ 8638 https://fountain.toolforge.org/editathons/wp25sat 194378 wikitext text/x-wiki {{wp25sat}} qhzngueepknbo901wcfy4m1qd7se8vs 0 36787 194379 2026-07-13T02:16:49Z ᱥᱩᱠᱚᱞ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱤ 8638 "{{Infobox music genre | name = ᱦᱮᱲᱦᱮᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ | native_name = ᱦᱮᱲᱦᱮᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ | indigenous_to = [[ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ]] ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ | cultural_origins= [[ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ]], [[ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ]] | instruments = | derivatives = ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ }} '''ᱦᱮᱲᱦᱮᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ''' ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ..." ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ 194379 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox music genre | name = ᱦᱮᱲᱦᱮᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ | native_name = ᱦᱮᱲᱦᱮᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ | indigenous_to = [[ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ]] ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ | cultural_origins= [[ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ]], [[ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ]] | instruments = | derivatives = ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ }} '''ᱦᱮᱲᱦᱮᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ''' ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱹᱥᱠᱟᱹ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱠᱷᱮᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱮᱲᱦᱮᱫ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name="Murmu2014">{{cite book |last=ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ |first=ᱞᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ |title=ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ |publisher=ᱯᱚᱥᱪᱤᱢᱟ ᱯᱟᱵᱽᱞᱤᱠᱮᱥᱚᱱᱥ |date=2014 |edition=1st |language=Santali}}</ref> == ᱵᱤᱵᱚᱨᱚᱱ == ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱟᱹᱦᱤᱨ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱤᱛᱩᱝ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱷᱮᱛᱼᱵᱟᱹᱭᱦᱟᱹᱲ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱛᱩᱝ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱞᱟᱝ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱮ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱮᱢᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱤᱱᱟᱹᱢ ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱩᱠᱷᱼᱫᱩᱠᱷ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱹᱥᱠᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱯᱷᱚᱴᱮᱞ ᱨᱟᱠᱟᱵᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name="Murmu2014"/> == ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ == ᱦᱮᱲᱦᱮᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱩᱫᱟᱹᱦᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱮᱱᱟ: <blockquote> ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱥᱤᱛᱩᱝ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱵᱩ,<br/> ᱵᱟᱞᱮᱡᱮᱞ ᱥᱤᱛᱩᱝ ᱞᱚᱞᱚᱼᱜᱮ,<br/> ᱦᱮᱲᱦᱮᱫ ᱛᱩᱢᱫᱟᱹ ᱪᱮᱴᱮᱞᱚᱜ,<br/> ᱪᱮᱫ ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚ ᱾ </blockquote> == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{reflist}} [[Category:ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱠᱚ]] [[Category:ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ]] jtirdukddanlg47cm3tgvz7p23f8hn4 1 36788 194380 2026-07-13T02:17:26Z ᱥᱩᱠᱚᱞ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱤ 8638 https://fountain.toolforge.org/editathons/wp25sat 194380 wikitext text/x-wiki {{wp25sat}} qhzngueepknbo901wcfy4m1qd7se8vs 0 36789 194381 2026-07-13T03:35:48Z ᱥᱩᱠᱚᱞ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱤ 8638 "{{Infobox person | name = ᱨᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱮᱱᱰ ᱮᱰᱣᱟᱨᱰ ᱥᱤ. ᱡᱚᱱᱥᱚᱱ | image = | caption = | birth_date = | birth_place = | death_date = | death_place = | nationality = ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱ | occupation = ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱᱟᱨᱤ, ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ, ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ | known_for = ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱜᱟᱰᱤᱭ..." ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ 194381 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = ᱨᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱮᱱᱰ ᱮᱰᱣᱟᱨᱰ ᱥᱤ. ᱡᱚᱱᱥᱚᱱ | image = | caption = | birth_date = | birth_place = | death_date = | death_place = | nationality = ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱ | occupation = ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱᱟᱨᱤ, ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ, ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ | known_for = ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱜᱟᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱵᱮᱨᱮᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱚᱞ }} '''ᱨᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱮᱱᱰ ᱮᱰᱣᱟᱨᱰ ᱥᱤ. ᱡᱚᱱᱥᱚᱱ''' ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱮᱯᱴᱤᱥᱴ ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱᱟᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱮᱱᱮᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱦᱟᱱᱛᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱜᱟᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱵᱮᱨᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name="Hembram2017">ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ, ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱢᱚᱞ (ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒0᱑᱗). ''ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱞᱤ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱛᱛᱮᱨ ᱤᱛᱤᱦᱟᱥ'' (ᱢᱚᱬᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ed.). ᱱᱤᱨᱢᱚᱞ ᱵᱩᱠ ᱮᱢᱮᱱᱥᱤ.</ref> == ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ == ᱨᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱮᱱᱰ ᱡᱚᱱᱥᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱮᱯᱴᱤᱥᱴ ᱯᱷᱚᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱥᱳᱥᱟᱭᱴᱤ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱤᱝᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱮ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱘᱖᱕ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱣᱲᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱷᱮᱡᱟ ᱞᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱠᱷᱱᱟᱹᱛ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ গুᱨᱩᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱮ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name="Hembram2017" /> ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱩᱛᱨᱳ ᱛᱮ ᱨᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱮᱱᱰ ᱮᱞ. ᱳ. ᱥᱠᱨᱮᱯᱷᱥᱨᱩᱰ ᱥᱟᱦᱮᱵᱽ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱯᱨᱩᱢ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱑᱘᱖᱗ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱜᱟᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱨᱮᱫ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱜᱟᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱵᱮᱨᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱥᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱦᱮᱵᱽ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱨᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱮᱱᱰ ᱮᱞ. ᱳ. ᱥᱠᱨᱮᱯᱷᱥᱨᱩᱰ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱮᱱᱰ ᱮᱪ. ᱯᱤ. ᱵᱳᱨᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱩᱨᱩᱢᱩᱴᱩ ᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱮᱨᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱡᱚᱱᱥᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱦᱮᱵᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱣᱲᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱜᱟᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="Hembram2017" /> == ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱦᱮᱫ == ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱜᱟᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱜᱟᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱟᱢᱛᱟᱲᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱮ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱘᱖᱕ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑᱘᱙᱕ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ, ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱧ ᱯᱮᱜᱮᱞ (᱓0) ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱨᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱮᱱᱰ ᱮᱰᱣᱟᱨᱰ ᱥᱤ. ᱡᱚᱱᱥᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱮ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name="Hembram2017" /> == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{reflist}} [[Category:ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱᱟᱨᱤ ᱠᱚ]] [[Category:ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]] nffxc88agmpfmj2w9fbj3zb61u6vqdl 1 36790 194382 2026-07-13T03:36:33Z ᱥᱩᱠᱚᱞ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱤ 8638 https://fountain.toolforge.org/editathons/wp25sat 194382 wikitext text/x-wiki {{wp25sat}} qhzngueepknbo901wcfy4m1qd7se8vs 0 36791 194383 2026-07-13T03:47:11Z ᱥᱩᱠᱚᱞ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱤ 8638 "{{Infobox person | name = ᱨᱟᱥᱢᱩᱥ ᱨᱟᱥᱢᱩᱥᱮᱱ ᱨᱳᱡᱮᱱᱞᱩᱱᱰ | image = | caption = | birth_date = ᱑᱕ ᱢᱮ ᱑᱘᱘᱙ | birth_place = ᱰᱮᱱᱢᱟᱨᱠ | death_date = ᱑᱐ ᱢᱮ ᱑᱙᱕᱕ | death_place = ᱰᱮᱱᱢᱟᱨᱠ | nationality = ᱰᱮᱱᱤᱥ | occupation = ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱᱟᱨᱤ, ᱢᱟᱪᱮᱛ, ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭ..." ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ 194383 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = ᱨᱟᱥᱢᱩᱥ ᱨᱟᱥᱢᱩᱥᱮᱱ ᱨᱳᱡᱮᱱᱞᱩᱱᱰ | image = | caption = | birth_date = ᱑᱕ ᱢᱮ ᱑᱘᱘᱙ | birth_place = ᱰᱮᱱᱢᱟᱨᱠ | death_date = ᱑᱐ ᱢᱮ ᱑᱙᱕᱕ | death_place = ᱰᱮᱱᱢᱟᱨᱠ | nationality = ᱰᱮᱱᱤᱥ | occupation = ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱᱟᱨᱤ, ᱢᱟᱪᱮᱛ, ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ | known_for = "ᱦᱚᱲ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱭᱟᱠᱚᱨᱚᱱ" ᱚᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ }} '''ᱨᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱮᱱᱰ ᱟᱨ. ᱟᱨ. ᱨᱳᱡᱮᱱᱞᱩᱱᱰ''' ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱯᱨᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ '''ᱨᱟᱥᱢᱩᱥ ᱨᱟᱥᱢᱩᱥᱮᱱ ᱨᱳᱡᱮᱱᱞᱩᱱᱰ''' ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱰᱮᱱᱤᱥ ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱᱟᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱵᱮᱭᱟᱠᱚᱨᱚᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱵᱮᱭᱟᱠᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱠᱷᱱᱟᱹᱛ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name="Hembram2017">ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ, ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱢᱚᱞ (ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱑᱗). ''ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱞᱤ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱛᱛᱮᱨ ᱤᱛᱤᱦᱟᱥ'' (ᱢᱚᱬᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ed.). ᱱᱤᱨᱢᱚᱞ ᱵᱩᱠ ᱮᱢᱮᱱᱥᱤ.</ref> == ᱡᱱᱟᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ == ᱨᱳᱡᱮᱱᱞᱩᱱᱰ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱘᱘᱙ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱑᱕ ᱢᱮ ᱦᱤᱞᱳᱜ ᱰᱮᱱᱢᱟᱨᱠ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱᱟᱨᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱑᱙᱑᱐ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱮ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱪᱚᱱᱫᱽᱨᱚᱯᱩᱨᱟ, ᱠᱟᱭᱨᱟᱵᱚᱱᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱩᱢᱠᱟᱹ ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱾ ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱨᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱮᱱᱰ ᱨᱳᱡᱮᱱᱞᱩᱱᱰ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱦᱟᱭᱤᱥᱠᱩᱞ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱪᱮᱛ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱫᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾<ref name="Hembram2017" /> == ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ == ᱢᱟᱪᱮᱛ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱪᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤ ᱮ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱪᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱵᱟᱫ, ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱭᱟᱛ ᱜᱚᱴᱷᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱳᱢᱟᱱ ᱞᱤᱯᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱵᱮᱭᱟᱠᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ "ᱦᱚᱲ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱭᱟᱠᱚᱨᱚᱱ" (ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱭᱟᱠᱚᱨᱚᱱ) ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑᱙᱔᱘ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱛᱚᱵᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱼᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱔᱙ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="Hembram2017" /> == ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ == ᱨᱳᱡᱮᱱᱞᱩᱱᱰ ᱥᱟᱦᱮᱵᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱟᱯᱱᱟᱨ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱰᱮᱱᱢᱟᱨᱠ ᱛᱮ ᱮ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹᱲ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱜᱮ ᱑᱙᱕᱕ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱑᱐ ᱢᱮ ᱦᱤᱞᱳᱜ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾<ref name="Hembram2017" /> == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{reflist}} [[Category:ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱᱟᱨᱤ ᱠᱚ]] [[Category:ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱵᱮᱭᱟᱠᱚᱨᱚᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]] 2uj6he6m84wvfwj2aat1t4fsqifhvdv 1 36792 194384 2026-07-13T03:47:48Z ᱥᱩᱠᱚᱞ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱤ 8638 https://fountain.toolforge.org/editathons/wp25sat 194384 wikitext text/x-wiki {{wp25sat}} qhzngueepknbo901wcfy4m1qd7se8vs 1 36793 194386 2026-07-13T03:56:46Z ᱯᱟᱣᱨᱤᱭᱟ 8713 https://fountain.toolforge.org/editathons/wp25sat 194386 wikitext text/x-wiki {{wp25sat}} qhzngueepknbo901wcfy4m1qd7se8vs 0 36794 194387 2026-07-13T03:57:21Z ᱥᱩᱠᱚᱞ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱤ 8638 "{{Infobox person | name = ᱨᱳᱵᱟᱨᱴ ᱠᱚᱨᱥᱴᱤᱭᱟᱨᱥ | image = | caption = | birth_date = | birth_place = | death_date = | death_place = | nationality = ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ (ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ) | occupation = ᱟᱭ.ᱥᱤ.ᱮᱥ. ᱚᱯᱷᱤᱥᱟᱨ (ᱰᱮᱯᱩᱴᱤ ᱠᱚᱢᱤᱥᱱᱟᱨ), ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ | known_for = "ᱦᱟᱨᱢᱟᱥ ᱵ..." ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ 194387 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = ᱨᱳᱵᱟᱨᱴ ᱠᱚᱨᱥᱴᱤᱭᱟᱨᱥ | image = | caption = | birth_date = | birth_place = | death_date = | death_place = | nationality = ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ (ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ) | occupation = ᱟᱭ.ᱥᱤ.ᱮᱥ. ᱚᱯᱷᱤᱥᱟᱨ (ᱰᱮᱯᱩᱴᱤ ᱠᱚᱢᱤᱥᱱᱟᱨ), ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ | known_for = "ᱦᱟᱨᱢᱟᱥ ᱵᱷᱤᱞᱮᱡ" (ᱦᱟᱲᱢᱟᱣᱟᱜ ᱟᱛᱳ) ᱩᱯᱱᱟᱥ ᱚᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ }} '''ᱨᱳᱵᱟᱨᱴ ᱠᱚᱨᱥᱴᱤᱭᱟᱨᱥ''' ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ '''ᱟᱨ. ᱠᱚᱨᱥᱴᱤᱭᱟᱨᱥ''' ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟᱭ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱟᱢᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱭ.ᱥᱤ.ᱮᱥ. ᱚᱯᱷᱤᱥᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱞᱟᱹᱰᱷᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱵᱤᱫᱮᱥᱤ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾<ref name="Hembram2017">ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ, ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱢᱚᱞ (ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱑᱗). ''ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱞᱤ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱛᱛᱮᱨ ᱤᱛᱤᱦᱟᱥ'' (ᱢᱚᱬᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ed.). ᱱᱤᱨᱢᱚᱞ ᱵᱩᱠ ᱮᱢᱮᱱᱥᱤ.</ref> == ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱩᱯᱨᱩᱢ == ᱨᱳᱵᱟᱨᱴ ᱠᱚᱨᱥᱴᱤᱭᱟᱨᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭ.ᱥᱤ.ᱮᱥ. ᱯᱟᱥ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱤᱝᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑᱘᱘᱕ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱮ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ (ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ) ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱯᱟᱨᱜᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱰᱮᱯᱩᱴᱤ ᱠᱚᱢᱤᱥᱱᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱮ ᱵᱟᱦᱟᱞ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱮ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱧ ᱜᱮᱞ ᱯᱮ (᱑᱓) ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ ᱑᱘᱙᱘ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱦᱩᱫᱟᱹ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱮ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱫ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾<ref name="Hembram2017" /> ᱩᱱᱤ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱤᱡᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱛᱨᱚ ᱯᱮᱜᱮᱞ (᱓᱐) ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱫᱩ-ᱠᱟᱹᱱᱦᱩ ᱣᱟᱜ ᱟᱭᱩᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱦᱩᱞ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱦᱩᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱮᱨᱮᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱱ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱡ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱩᱞᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱩᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱩᱯ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name="Hembram2017" /> == ᱥᱟᱦᱮᱫ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ == ᱱᱚᱶᱟ 'ᱦᱩᱞ' ᱵᱟᱝᱢᱟ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱵᱤᱫᱽᱨᱳᱦᱚ ᱵᱤᱥᱚᱭ ᱵᱟᱹᱥᱛᱩ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱩᱯᱱᱟᱥ (Novel) ᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱫ ᱩᱯᱱᱟᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ '''"ᱦᱟᱨᱢᱟᱥ ᱵᱷᱤᱞᱮᱡ"''' ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱩᱯᱱᱟᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱓᱕ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱩᱠᱷᱩᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱯᱨᱮᱥ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱘᱕᱕-᱕᱖ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱦᱩᱞ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱫ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱩᱯᱱᱟᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱨᱩᱵᱮᱱ ᱨᱩᱥᱮᱱ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ ᱨᱟᱯᱟᱡᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱮ ᱛᱚᱨᱡᱚᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ '''"ᱦᱟᱲᱢᱟᱣᱟᱜ ᱟᱛᱳ"''' (ᱦᱟᱲᱢᱟ ᱣᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ) ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱛᱚᱨᱡᱚᱢᱟ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱔᱖ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="Hembram2017" /> ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ (Culture) ᱵᱤᱥᱚᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ '''"ᱫᱤ ᱞᱤᱴᱤᱞ ᱣᱨᱰ ᱳᱯᱷ ᱮᱱ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱰᱤᱥᱴᱤᱠ ᱳᱯᱷᱤᱥ The little word of An Indian District Office"''' ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱑᱒ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱚᱱᱰᱚᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name="Hembram2017" /> == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{reflist}} [[Category:ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱟᱭ.ᱥᱤ.ᱮᱥ. ᱚᱯᱷᱤᱥᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ]] [[Category:ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱛᱚᱨᱡᱚᱢᱟ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱩᱞ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]] lg0hwrsnrzw121san3yn60j3gb57hl5 1 36795 194388 2026-07-13T03:58:05Z ᱥᱩᱠᱚᱞ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱤ 8638 https://fountain.toolforge.org/editathons/wp25sat 194388 wikitext text/x-wiki {{wp25sat}} qhzngueepknbo901wcfy4m1qd7se8vs 0 36796 194391 2026-07-13T04:59:35Z YaroslavDuboHarp 11325 "{| class="infobox" style="width: 16em;" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background: #f2f2ce;" |ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜ ᱰᱮᱱᱴᱟᱞ ᱥᱤᱵᱤᱞᱟᱱᱴ ᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱮᱴᱤᱵ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨᱚᱜᱠᱟᱱᱟ |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background: #ffffe6;" | <span style="font-size: 5em; line-height: 1.2em; vertical-align: super; font-weight: normal;"> s̪ |- ! colspan=..." ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ 194391 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox" style="width: 16em;" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background: #f2f2ce;" |ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜ ᱰᱮᱱᱴᱟᱞ ᱥᱤᱵᱤᱞᱟᱱᱴ ᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱮᱴᱤᱵ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨᱚᱜᱠᱟᱱᱟ |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background: #ffffe6;" | <span style="font-size: 5em; line-height: 1.2em; vertical-align: super; font-weight: normal;"> s̪ |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background: #f2f2ce;" |ᱚᱰᱤᱭᱚ |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" |[[File:Voiceless dental sibilant fricative (New).ogg]] |- |} '''ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜ ᱰᱮᱱᱴᱟᱞ ᱥᱤᱵᱤᱞᱮᱱᱴ ᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱮᱴᱤᱵᱽ''' ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱮᱴᱤᱵᱽ ᱠᱚᱱᱥᱳᱱᱮᱸᱴ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱰᱮᱱᱴ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱮᱡ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱰᱮᱱᱴ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ ==ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱠᱚ== {{ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱯᱷᱚᱱᱴᱤᱠ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ/ᱜᱟᱛᱟᱠ}} dremlnacqaiytlrprro1viv61d8wrjj 194392 194391 2026-07-13T05:00:09Z YaroslavDuboHarp 11325 no 194392 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox" style="width: 16em;" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background: #f2f2ce;" |ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜ ᱰᱮᱱᱴᱟᱞ ᱥᱤᱵᱤᱞᱟᱱᱴ ᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱮᱴᱤᱵ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨᱚᱜᱠᱟᱱᱟ |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background: #ffffe6;" | <span style="font-size: 5em; line-height: 1.2em; vertical-align: super; font-weight: normal;"> s̪ |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background: #f2f2ce;" |ᱚᱰᱤᱭᱚ |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" |[[File:Voiceless dental sibilant fricative (New).wav]] |- |} '''ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜ ᱰᱮᱱᱴᱟᱞ ᱥᱤᱵᱤᱞᱮᱱᱴ ᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱮᱴᱤᱵᱽ''' ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱮᱴᱤᱵᱽ ᱠᱚᱱᱥᱳᱱᱮᱸᱴ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱰᱮᱱᱴ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱮᱡ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱰᱮᱱᱴ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ ==ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱠᱚ== {{ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱯᱷᱚᱱᱴᱤᱠ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ/ᱜᱟᱛᱟᱠ}} olhz7hbli88mnpng2c7l7h2dg8nv9zd 0 36797 194393 2026-07-13T05:17:01Z MT731 2184 "{{Short description|ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ}} {{Infobox writer | name = ᱡᱚᱭᱨᱟᱢ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ | native_name = ᱡᱚᱭᱨᱟᱢ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ | image =File:Joyram tudu.jpg | caption = ᱒᱐᱒᱑ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱭᱨᱟᱢ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ | native_name_lang = sat | occupation = ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ | language = ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ | nationality = ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ | genre = ᱡᱤ..." ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ 194393 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ}} {{Infobox writer | name = ᱡᱚᱭᱨᱟᱢ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ | native_name = ᱡᱚᱭᱨᱟᱢ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ | image =File:Joyram tudu.jpg | caption = ᱒᱐᱒᱑ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱭᱨᱟᱢ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ | native_name_lang = sat | occupation = ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ | language = ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ | nationality = ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ | genre = ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ, ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ | notable_works = ''ᱵᱷᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱠᱩᱞ ᱵᱷᱩᱨᱠᱟᱹᱜ ᱤᱯᱤᱞ ᱥᱩᱱᱟᱹᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ'' | awards = ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱛᱭᱚ ᱮᱠᱟᱰᱮᱢᱤ ᱵᱟᱞ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱛᱭᱚ ᱯᱩᱨᱚᱥᱠᱟᱨ (᱒᱐᱒᱐) }} '''ᱡᱚᱭᱨᱟᱢ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ''' ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ [[ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ]] ᱚᱞ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱒᱐ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ''ᱵᱷᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱠᱩᱞ ᱵᱷᱩᱨᱠᱟᱹᱜ ᱤᱯᱤᱞ ᱥᱩᱱᱟᱹᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ'' ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱛᱭᱚ ᱮᱠᱟᱰᱮᱢᱤ ᱵᱟᱞ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱛᱭᱚ ᱯᱩᱨᱚᱥᱠᱟᱨ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾<ref>{{cite web |title=Press Release: Bal Sahitya Puraskar 2020 |url=https://sahitya-akademi.gov.in/pdf/Pressrelease_BSP-2020.pdf |website=Sahitya Akademi |publisher=Government of India |access-date=12 March 2026}}</ref> ==ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ== ᱡᱚᱭᱨᱟᱢ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱒ ᱚᱠᱴᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱑᱙᱖᱔ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ [[ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ]] ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱢᱚᱭᱩᱨᱵᱷᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱱᱫᱷᱚᱵᱚᱱᱤ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾<ref>{{cite news |title=ଶିଶୁଙ୍କ ପାଇଁ ଲେଖିବାକୁ ହେଲେ ନିଜକୁ ଶିଶୁ ହେବାକୁ ପଡ଼େ: ଜୟରାମ ଟୁଡୁ |url=https://sambad.in/state/to-write-for-a-child-you-have-to-be-a-child-737425/ |work=ସମ୍ବାଦ (Sambad) |date=15 November 2021 |language=Odia |access-date=12 March 2026 }}</ref> ==ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ== * ''ᱵᱷᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱠᱩᱞ ᱵᱷᱩᱨᱠᱟᱹᱜ ᱤᱯᱤᱞ ᱥᱩᱱᱟᱹᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ'' ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱒᱐᱒᱐ ᱨᱮ [[ᱵᱟᱞ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱛᱭᱚ ᱯᱩᱨᱚᱥᱠᱟᱨ]] ᱾<ref>{{cite web |title=Press Release: Bal Sahitya Puraskar 2020 |url=https://sahitya-akademi.gov.in/pdf/Pressrelease_BSP-2020.pdf |website=Sahitya Akademi |access-date=12 March 2026}}</ref> * ᱒᱐᱒᱓ ᱨᱮ ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ ᱡᱚᱱᱡᱟᱛᱤ ᱜᱳᱣᱨᱚᱵᱽ ᱯᱩᱨᱚᱥᱠᱟᱨ ᱾<ref name="OdishaSambad2023">{{cite news |title=ଆଦିବାସୀ ମେଳା-୨୦୨୩ ଉଦ୍‌ଯାପିତ |url=https://odishasambad.in/tribal-fair-2023-concluded/ |work=Odisha Sambad |date=2 March 2023 |language=Odia |access-date=12 March 2026 }}</ref> ==ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱢᱮ== * [[ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ]] * [[ᱚᱞ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ]] * [[ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱛᱭᱚ ᱮᱠᱟᱰᱮᱢᱤ]] * [[ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱟᱞ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱛᱭᱚ ᱯᱩᱨᱚᱥᱠᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱠᱟᱹ]] ==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ== {{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}} ==ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ== * [https://sahitya-akademi.gov.in/ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱛᱭᱚ ᱮᱠᱟᱰᱮᱢᱤ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱣᱮᱵᱽᱥᱟᱭᱤᱴ] {{Authority control}} [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:᱑᱙᱖᱔ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱡᱤᱣᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱛᱭᱚ ᱮᱠᱟᱰᱮᱢᱤ ᱵᱟᱞ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱛᱭᱚ ᱯᱩᱨᱚᱥᱠᱟᱨ ᱧᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]] 4awgj10lh20m57cacg7x9l7rnbyepvw 0 36798 194394 2026-07-13T05:45:27Z ᱯᱟᱣᱨᱤᱭᱟ 8713 "{{Infobox writer | name = ᱰᱨ. ᱥᱩᱦᱨᱤᱫᱽ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱚᱣᱢᱤᱠ | birth_date = ᱙ ᱡᱩᱱ ᱑᱙ (1940-06-09) ᱙ ᱡᱩᱱ ᱑᱙᱔0 | birth_place = ᱛᱚᱢᱞᱩᱠ, ᱢᱮᱫᱤᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱡᱮᱞᱟ, ᱵᱮᱝᱜᱚᱞ (ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱯᱩᱨᱵᱚ ᱢᱮᱫᱤᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ, ᱯᱚᱥᱪᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ) | occupation = ᱢᱟᱪᱮᱛ, ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠ..." ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ 194394 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox writer | name = ᱰᱨ. ᱥᱩᱦᱨᱤᱫᱽ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱚᱣᱢᱤᱠ | birth_date = ᱙ ᱡᱩᱱ ᱑᱙ (1940-06-09) ᱙ ᱡᱩᱱ ᱑᱙᱔0 | birth_place = ᱛᱚᱢᱞᱩᱠ, ᱢᱮᱫᱤᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱡᱮᱞᱟ, ᱵᱮᱝᱜᱚᱞ (ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱯᱩᱨᱵᱚ ᱢᱮᱫᱤᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ, ᱯᱚᱥᱪᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ) | occupation = ᱢᱟᱪᱮᱛ, ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱤᱭᱟᱹ, ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ | nationality = ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ | alma_mater = ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ, ᱡᱟᱫᱚᱵᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ, ᱠᱚᱞᱠᱟᱛᱟ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ | notable_works = ᱦᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹᱲ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ, ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ-ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱞᱟ, ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱥᱮᱯᱮᱧ }} '''ᱰᱨ. ᱥᱩᱦᱨᱤᱫᱽ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱚᱣᱢᱤᱠ''' ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱤᱭᱟᱹ, ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱪᱮᱛ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱞᱟᱦᱟᱱᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ == ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱠᱷᱱᱟᱹᱛ == ᱥᱩᱦᱨᱤᱫᱽ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱚᱣᱢᱤᱠ ᱫᱚ ᱙ ᱡᱩᱱ ᱑᱙᱔0 ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱫᱤᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱚᱢᱞᱩᱠ ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ (ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱩᱨᱵᱚ ᱢᱮᱫᱤᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ) ᱾ ᱟᱯᱟᱛ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱳᱜᱮᱱᱫᱨᱚ ᱵᱷᱚᱣᱢᱤᱠ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱸᱜᱟᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱣᱚᱨᱱᱚᱢᱚᱭᱤ ᱫᱮᱵᱤ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱤᱥᱠᱩᱞ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱥᱤᱠᱷᱱᱟᱹᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱤᱱᱟᱹ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱑᱙᱕᱕ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱥ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚᱞᱠᱟᱛᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱑ bowling ᱑᱙᱕᱙ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱤ.ᱮ. (B.A.) ᱯᱟᱥ ᱠᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱡᱟᱫᱚᱵᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑᱙᱖᱑ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱩᱞᱟᱹᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ (Comparative Literature) ᱛᱮ ᱮᱢ.ᱮ. (M.A.) ᱮ ᱯᱟᱥ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱤᱱᱟᱹ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱞᱠᱟᱛᱟ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑᱙᱖᱓ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱨᱟᱭᱵᱷᱮᱴ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱮᱢ.ᱮ. ᱮ ᱯᱟᱥ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ == ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ == ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱩᱱᱫᱚᱨᱵᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱡᱤ ᱫᱮᱥᱟᱨᱟᱛ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱟᱪᱮᱛ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱤᱪᱷᱩ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱯᱟᱹᱴᱷᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱧᱟᱯᱟᱢ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱡ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱵᱚᱭᱦᱟ ᱰᱨ. ᱯᱨᱚᱵᱳᱫᱷ ᱵᱷᱚᱣᱢᱤᱠ ᱟᱜ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱹ (Anthropological Survey of India ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱰᱤᱨᱮᱠᱴᱚᱨ) ᱱᱤᱨᱢᱚᱞ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱵᱚᱥᱩ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱧᱟᱯᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱱᱤᱨᱢᱚᱞ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱵᱚᱥᱩ ᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱜᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱯᱟᱹᱴᱷᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱟᱨ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱮ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱖᱓ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱯᱟᱹᱴᱷᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱢᱮᱥᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱨ-ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ (ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ-ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ) ᱵᱷᱤᱛ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ (Wall Magazine) 'ᱦᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹᱲ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ' ᱮ ᱵᱮᱨᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱖᱕ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱜᱽᱞᱤ ᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱫᱷᱟᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱢᱢᱳᱦᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱮᱱᱟ, ᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱚᱥᱨᱚᱛᱷ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ, ᱵᱟᱹᱭᱫᱽᱭᱚᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱰᱤ, ᱥᱟᱦᱮᱵᱽᱞᱟᱞ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ, ᱫᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱪᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱞᱟᱦᱟᱱᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱤᱱᱟᱹ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱦᱟᱵᱽᱲᱟ ᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱞᱩᱵᱮᱲᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱪᱮᱛ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱪᱷᱚᱱᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱛ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱯᱤ.ᱮᱪ.ᱰᱤ. (Ph.D.) ᱰᱤᱜᱽᱨᱤ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱮᱪᱮᱫᱟ ᱨᱮ "ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱯᱨᱮᱥ" ᱮ ᱵᱮᱨᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱩᱨᱥᱩᱯᱩᱨ ᱖᱕ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱪᱷᱟᱯᱟ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱢᱚᱞ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ, ''ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱞᱤ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱛᱛᱮᱨ ᱤᱛᱤᱦᱟᱥ'' (᱕0 ᱮᱰᱤᱥᱚᱱ, ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒0᱑᱗), ᱱᱤᱨᱢᱚᱞ ᱵᱩᱠ ᱮᱢᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱾ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱚ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ, ''ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱢᱚᱱᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱨᱟ'' (᱒0 ᱮᱰᱤᱥᱚᱱ, ᱒0᱒0), ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱟᱵᱚᱛᱤ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ ᱾ ᱾ == ᱚᱞ ᱵᱮᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱠᱚ == ᱰᱨ. ᱥᱩᱦᱨᱤᱫᱽ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱚᱣᱢᱤᱠ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱤᱪᱷᱩ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ: # ''ᱜᱟᱢ ᱜᱟᱦᱞᱮ'' (ᱨᱚᱵᱤᱱᱫᱽᱨᱚᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱴᱷᱟᱠᱩᱨ ᱟᱜ "ᱜᱚᱞᱯᱚᱜᱩᱪᱷᱚ" ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱛᱚᱨᱡᱚᱢᱟ) - ᱑᱙᱘᱒ # ''ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ-ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱞᱟ'' (Bangla-Santali Dictionary) - ᱑᱙᱘᱕ # ''ᱟᱨᱭᱚᱨᱚᱦᱚᱥᱭᱚ'' - ᱑᱙᱙0 # ''ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ'' - ᱑᱙᱙᱑ # ''ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱥᱮᱯᱮᱧ'' (ᱜᱤᱛᱟᱧᱡᱚᱞᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱛᱚᱨᱡᱚᱢᱟ) - ᱑᱙᱗0 # ''ᱥᱟᱹᱫᱷᱩ ᱨᱟᱢᱪᱟᱸᱫᱽ'' - ᱑᱙᱙᱗ # ''ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱱᱚᱲᱦᱮ'' - ᱑᱙᱙᱓ # ''Self-Taught Santali'' # ''ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱪᱷᱚᱱᱫᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱵᱚᱨᱛᱚᱱ'' == ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱟᱹ == ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱦᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱑᱙᱙0 ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ 'All India Santali Writers Association' ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱵᱮᱣᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{reflist}} d87fj8zbi0ecpha806t9kdbj40ecqmq 1 36799 194395 2026-07-13T05:47:15Z ᱯᱟᱣᱨᱤᱭᱟ 8713 https://fountain.toolforge.org/editathons/wp25sat 194395 wikitext text/x-wiki {{wp25sat}} qhzngueepknbo901wcfy4m1qd7se8vs 0 36800 194396 2026-07-13T05:56:46Z ᱯᱟᱣᱨᱤᱭᱟ 8713 "{{Infobox writer | name = ᱵᱟᱞᱠᱤᱥᱚᱨ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱮ | image = | caption = | birth_name = ᱵᱟᱞᱠᱤᱥᱚᱨ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱮ | birth_date = {{birth date|1937|2|19}} | birth_place = ᱠᱷᱮᱲᱠᱟᱪᱤᱭᱟ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ, ᱜᱳᱰᱰᱟ ᱥᱩᱨ, ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱯᱟᱨᱜᱟᱱᱟ, ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ (ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ), ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ..." ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ 194396 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox writer | name = ᱵᱟᱞᱠᱤᱥᱚᱨ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱮ | image = | caption = | birth_name = ᱵᱟᱞᱠᱤᱥᱚᱨ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱮ | birth_date = {{birth date|1937|2|19}} | birth_place = ᱠᱷᱮᱲᱠᱟᱪᱤᱭᱟ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ, ᱜᱳᱰᱰᱟ ᱥᱩᱨ, ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱯᱟᱨᱜᱟᱱᱟ, ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ (ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ), ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ | death_date = {{death date and age|2003|9|30|1937|2|19}} | death_place = | occupation = ᱢᱟᱪᱮᱛ, ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ, ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ, ᱚᱱᱚᱲᱦᱤᱭᱟᱹ | language = ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ, ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ | nationality = ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ | period = ᱑᱙᱔᱗–᱒00᱓ | genre = ᱚᱱᱚᱲᱦᱮ, ᱜᱟᱭᱟᱱ, ᱠᱟᱹᱦᱱᱤ | notable_works = ''ᱠᱩᱫᱩᱢ'', ''ᱟᱹᱠᱤᱞ ᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ'', ''ᱯᱮ ᱯᱟᱣᱭᱟ ᱪᱟᱣᱞᱮ'' | pseudonym = ᱟᱨᱢᱟᱱ, ᱥᱳᱞᱮ ᱤᱪᱟᱹᱜ, ᱵᱷᱳᱛᱲᱳ ᱴᱮᱸᱜᱟᱡᱽ }} '''ᱵᱟᱞᱠᱤᱥᱚᱨ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱮ''' (᱑᱙ ᱯᱷᱮᱵᱽᱨᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱑᱙᱓᱗ – ᱓0 ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒00᱓) ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱠᱟᱹᱦᱱᱤ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱫᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱨᱮ 'ᱟᱨᱢᱟᱱ' ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name="parimal">ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ, ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱢᱚᱞ (ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒00᱑᱗). ''ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱞᱤ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱛᱛᱮᱨ ᱤᱛᱤᱦᱟᱥ'' (᱕0 ᱮᱰᱤᱥᱟᱱ). ᱱᱤᱨᱢᱚᱞ ᱵᱩᱠ ᱮᱢᱮᱱᱥᱤ.</ref> == ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ == ᱵᱟᱞᱠᱤᱥᱚᱨ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱮ ᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱓᱗ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱑᱙ ᱯᱷᱮᱵᱽᱨᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱦᱤᱞᱳᱜ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱯᱟᱨᱜᱟᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱳᱰᱰᱟ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱠᱷᱮᱲᱠᱟᱪᱤᱭᱟ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱡᱤᱣᱤᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱫᱳᱨ ᱨᱟᱜᱷᱩᱱᱟᱛᱷᱯᱩᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱳᱲᱮᱭᱟᱦᱟᱴ ᱥᱠᱩᱞ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱤᱱᱟᱹ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ, ᱞᱟᱯᱷᱟᱝ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱮᱣᱜᱷᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ ᱵᱤᱫᱽᱭᱟᱯᱤᱴᱷ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱫᱮᱣᱜᱷᱚᱨ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱤᱪᱷᱩ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱮ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="parimal"/> == ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ == ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱠᱩᱞ ᱢᱟᱪᱮᱛ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱤᱪᱷᱩ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱢᱟᱪᱮᱛ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱡᱚᱯᱲᱟᱣ (Information and Public Relations) ᱵᱤᱵᱷᱟᱜᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱞᱚ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱰᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱡᱤᱨᱟᱹᱣ (retirement) ᱮ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾<ref name="parimal"/> == ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱪᱟᱨᱪᱟ == ᱵᱟᱞᱠᱤᱥᱚᱨ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱮ 'ᱟᱨᱢᱟᱱ' ᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ ᱚᱱᱚᱲᱦᱮ ᱛᱮ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ ᱚᱱᱚᱲᱦᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ 'ᱡᱚᱱᱢᱚᱛ', 'ᱯᱨᱚᱠᱟᱥ', 'ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ', 'ᱪᱤᱛᱨᱚᱠᱟᱨ', 'ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱣᱚᱱ' ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱔᱗ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ 'ᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱚᱢᱵᱟᱫ' ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱫᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱞᱚ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="parimal"/> ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱱᱟᱨᱟᱭᱟᱱ ᱢᱟᱱᰰᱟᱞ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱦᱱᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱦᱱᱤ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name="krishna">ᱴᱩᱰᱩ, ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱚ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ (᱒0᱒0). ''ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱢᱚᱱᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱨᱟ'' (᱒0 ᱮᱰᱤᱥᱟᱱ). ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱟᱵᱚᱛᱤ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ.</ref> ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱱᱚᱲᱦᱮ, ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱦᱱᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱩᱱ ᱜᱮᱞ ᱫᱚᱥᱚᱠ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ 'ᱯᱮᱲᱟᱦᱚᱲ' ᱟᱨ 'ᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱚᱢᱵᱟᱫ' ᱵᱮᱜᱚᱨ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮᱱᱟᱜ 'ᱟᱲᱟᱝ' ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱚᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ 'ᱥᱳᱞᱮ ᱤᱪᱟᱹᱜ' ᱟᱨ 'ᱵᱷᱳᱛᱲᱳ ᱴᱮᱸᱜᱟᱡᱽ' ᱩᱠᱩ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ (pseudonym) ᱛᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱚᱞ ᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱞ ᱛᱚᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱹᱦᱱᱤ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱜᱮ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱮ ᱦᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱡᱤᱣᱤᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱹᱥᱠᱟᱹᱼᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱱᱟᱼᱦᱩᱱᱟᱹᱨ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱚᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱤᱛ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="parimal"/> == ᱜᱩᱨ == ᱱᱩᱭ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱫᱚ ᱒00 ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ 0 ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱦᱤᱞᱳᱜ ᱮ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="parimal"/> == ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱠᱚ == ᱵᱟᱞᱠᱤᱥᱚᱨ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱮ ᱟᱜ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱞᱤᱥᱴᱤ:<ref name="parimal"/><ref name="krishna"/> # 'ᱠᱩᱫᱩᱢ' (ᱦᱮᱸᱭᱟᱞᱤ) - ᱑᱙᱕᱒ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱦᱱᱤ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱾ # 'ᱟᱹᱠᱤᱞ ᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ' (ᱡᱟᱱ ᱫᱚᱨᱯᱚᱱ) - ᱑᱙᱕᱘ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱜᱟᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱾ # 'ᱯᱮ ᱯᱟᱣᱭᱟ ᱪᱟᱣᱞᱮ' (ᱛᱤᱱ ᱯᱟᱣ ᱪᱟᱣᱟᱞ) - ᱑᱙᱘᱑ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱦᱱᱤ ᱛᱩᱢᱟᱹᱞ ᱾ # 'ᱟᱠᱟᱲ ᱵᱟᱦᱟ' (ᱟᱠᱟᱲ ᱯᱷᱩᱞ) - ᱫᱚᱝ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱾ # 'ᱡᱟᱢᱛᱟᱲᱟ ᱡᱷᱤᱞᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱰᱩ' (ᱡᱟᱢᱛᱟᱲᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱞᱤᱯᱤ) - ᱫᱚᱝ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱾ # 'ᱠᱤᱨᱳᱵᱟᱥᱟ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱟ ᱵᱟᱦᱟ' (ᱠᱮᱭᱟ ᱯᱷᱩᱞ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱟ ᱯᱷᱩᱞ) - ᱫᱚᱝ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱾ # 'ᱟᱨᱛᱤᱱ ᱵᱟᱦᱟ' (ᱥᱟᱨᱤᱵᱚᱫᱷᱚ ᱯᱷᱩᱞ) - ᱠᱟᱹᱦᱱᱤ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱾ # 'ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱯᱚᱨᱟᱭᱱᱤ' (ᱛᱤᱱᱴᱤ ᱯᱚᱫᱽᱢᱚ) - ᱠᱟᱹᱦᱱᱤ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱾ # 'ᱛᱟᱢᱟᱠ ᱫᱷᱩᱯ ᱫᱷᱩᱛᱟᱝᱢᱮ' (ᱫᱷᱟᱢᱥᱟ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱣ) - ᱠᱟᱹᱦᱱᱤ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱾ == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{reflist}} [[Category:᱑᱙᱓᱗ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ]] [[Category:᱒00 ᱜᱩᱨ]] [[Category:ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]] n7v9bcfazx6kz2klc5qog2f19vfl8id 1 36801 194397 2026-07-13T05:57:39Z ᱯᱟᱣᱨᱤᱭᱟ 8713 https://fountain.toolforge.org/editathons/wp25sat 194397 wikitext text/x-wiki {{wp25sat}} qhzngueepknbo901wcfy4m1qd7se8vs 0 36802 194398 2026-07-13T06:24:18Z ᱯᱟᱣᱨᱤᱭᱟ 8713 "{{Infobox writer | name = ᱵᱟᱥᱩᱫᱮᱵᱽ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ | image = | caption = | birth_name = ᱵᱟᱥᱩᱫᱮᱵᱽ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ | birth_date = {{Birth date|1951|4|10}} | birth_place = ᱵᱤᱱᱫᱟᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱨ, ᱡᱟᱢᱛᱟᱲᱟ, ᱫᱩᱢᱠᱟᱹ, ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ (ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ), ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ | death_date = | death_place =..." ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ 194398 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox writer | name = ᱵᱟᱥᱩᱫᱮᱵᱽ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ | image = | caption = | birth_name = ᱵᱟᱥᱩᱫᱮᱵᱽ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ | birth_date = {{Birth date|1951|4|10}} | birth_place = ᱵᱤᱱᱫᱟᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱨ, ᱡᱟᱢᱛᱟᱲᱟ, ᱫᱩᱢᱠᱟᱹ, ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ (ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ), ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ | death_date = | death_place = | occupation = ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ, ᱠᱟᱹᱦᱱᱤᱠᱟᱨ, ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱵᱷᱮᱥᱚᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ, ᱩᱠᱤᱞ, ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ | nationality = ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ | period = ᱟᱹᱫᱷᱩᱱᱤᱠ ᱡᱩᱜᱽ | genre = ᱠᱟᱹᱦᱱᱤ, ᱚᱱᱚᱲᱦᱮ, ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱵᱷᱮᱥᱚᱱᱟ | notable_works = * ᱢᱚᱬᱮ ᱥᱚᱨᱚᱥ ᱠᱟᱹᱦᱱᱤ (᱑᱙᱗᱖) * ᱵᱤᱰᱨᱟᱹᱣ (᱑᱙᱘᱘) * ᱢᱟᱹᱡᱷᱤ ᱯᱟᱨᱜᱟᱱᱟ (᱑᱙᱙᱒) | parents = ᱥᱚᱛᱨᱩᱜᱷᱱᱚ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ (ᱵᱟᱵᱟ)<br>ᱱᱚᱵᱚᱢᱤ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ (ᱟᱭᱳ) }} '''ᱵᱟᱥᱩᱫᱮᱵᱽ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ''' ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱦᱱᱤᱠᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱵᱷᱮᱥᱚᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱨᱤᱪᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ == ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ == ᱵᱟᱥᱩᱫᱮᱵᱽ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱕᱑ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱞ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱑᱐ ᱢᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱦᱤᱞᱚᱜ ᱮ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱ ᱡᱚᱦᱚᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ (ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱢᱛᱟᱲᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ) ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱩᱢᱠᱟᱹ ᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱢᱛᱟᱲᱟ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱵᱤᱱᱫᱟᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱨ ᱰᱟᱠᱜᱷᱚᱨ ᱛᱟᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱫᱷᱳᱣᱟ (ᱢᱟᱫᱷᱩᱯᱩᱨ) ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱦᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱛᱨᱩᱜᱷᱱᱚ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱭᱳ ᱦᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱵᱚᱢᱤ ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ <ref name="Hembram2017">ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ, ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱢᱚᱞ (ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱑᱗). ''ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱞᱤ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱛᱛᱮᱨ ᱤᱛᱤᱦᱟᱥ'' (᱕ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ). ᱱᱤᱨᱢᱚᱞ ᱵᱩᱠ ᱮᱢᱮᱱᱥᱤ. ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱒᱘᱙.</ref> ᱾ == ᱥᱤᱠᱷᱱᱟᱹᱛ == ᱵᱟᱥᱩᱫᱮᱵᱽ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ ᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱥᱤᱠᱷᱱᱟᱹᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱫᱷᳳᱣᱟ ᱯᱨᱟᱭᱢᱟᱨᱤ ᱤᱥᱠᱩᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱤᱱᱟᱹ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱷᱟᱫᱷᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟ ᱤᱥᱠᱩᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱡᱟᱢᱛᱟᱲᱟ ᱡᱮ.ᱵᱤ.ᱥᱤ.ᱮᱪ.ᱮᱥ. (J.B.C.H.S.) ᱤᱥᱠᱩᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱤᱥᱠᱩᱞ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱑᱙᱖᱗ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱭᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱠᱮᱱᱰᱟᱨᱤ (Higher Secondary) ᱮ ᱯᱟᱥ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱨᱴᱥ (Arts) ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱟᱥᱮᱨ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱝ ᱯᱟᱹᱴᱷᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱡᱟᱢᱛᱟᱲᱟ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱩᱨᱛᱤ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱑᱙᱗᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ (ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱠᱚ ᱑ buggy ᱥᱮ ᱑᱙᱗᱑) ᱨᱮ ᱵᱤ.ᱮ. (B.A.) ᱮ ᱯᱟᱥ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ <ref name="Hembram2017" /> ᱾ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱛᱩᱞᱩᱡ ᱜᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱞᱚᱣ (L.L.B.) ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱸᱪᱤ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑᱙᱗᱘ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ (ᱠᱟᱹᱭ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱑᱙᱘᱑) ᱮᱞ.ᱮᱞ.ᱵᱤ. ᱮ ᱯᱟᱥ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱠᱤᱞᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱛᱩᱞᱩᱡ ᱜᱮ ᱑᱙᱘᱕ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱜᱚᱞᱯᱩᱨ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ ᱥᱟᱛᱟᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱮᱢ.ᱮ. (M.A.) ᱮ ᱯᱟᱥ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ <ref name="Hembram2017" /> ᱾ == ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ == ᱵᱟᱥᱩᱫᱮᱵᱽ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱪᱮᱛ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱑ bowling ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑᱙᱗᱕ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱯᱨᱟᱭᱢᱟᱨᱤ ᱤᱥᱠᱩᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱪᱮᱛ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱢᱛᱟᱲᱟ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ ᱨᱮ 'ᱥᱴᱳᱨ ᱠᱤᱯᱟᱨ' (Store Keeper) ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱑᱙᱗᱕ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑᱙᱗᱘ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱠᱤᱞᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ ᱠᱷᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱜᱚᱡᱽ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱷᱚᱵᱚᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ (Journalist) ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱫᱩᱢᱠᱟᱹ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱩᱢᱠᱟᱹ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱮ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱥᱟ ᱮᱱᱟᱭ <ref name="Tudu2020">ᱴᱩᱰᱩ, ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱚ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ (᱒᱐᱒᱐). ''ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱢᱚᱱᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱨᱟ'' (᱒ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ). ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱟᱵᱚᱛᱤ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ.</ref> ᱾ == ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱪᱟᱨᱪᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ == ᱵᱟᱥᱩᱫᱮᱵᱽ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱴᱷᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱪᱟᱨᱪᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ 'ᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱚᱢᱵᱟᱫᱽ' ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱴᱷᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱮᱜᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱠᱩᱠᱢᱩ ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱮ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ 'ᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱚᱢᱵᱟᱫᱽ' ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱓᱓ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱦᱱᱤ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱟ <ref name="Hembram2017" /> ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱵᱮᱜᱚᱨ ᱦᱚᱸ 'ᱡᱩᱜᱽ ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱡᱚᱞ', 'ᱞᱟᱝᱜᱽᱲᱤᱛᱤ' ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱦᱱᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ (ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱦᱩᱞ) ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱛ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱜᱟᱵᱷᱮᱥᱚᱱᱟ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ, ᱢᱟᱹᱡᱷᱤ-ᱯᱟᱨᱜᱟᱱᱟ ᱵᱮᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱪᱟᱹᱨ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ == ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱠᱚ == ᱵᱟᱥᱩᱫᱮᱵᱽ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ ᱟᱜ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱩmain ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ <ref name="Hembram2017" />: # '''"ᱢᱚᱬᱮ ᱥᱚᱨᱚᱥ ᱠᱟᱹᱦᱱᱤ"''' (᱑᱙᱖/᱑᱙) - ᱢᱚᱬᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱥᱚᱨᱚᱥ ᱠᱟᱹᱦᱱᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱩᱢᱟᱹᱞ ᱾ # '''"ᱵᱤᱰᱨᱟᱹᱣ"''' (᱑᱙᱘᱘) - ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰᱠᱟᱵᱽᱭᱚ (Short Epic) ᱾ # '''"S.P. ᱪᱟᱥᱵᱟᱥ ᱟᱱ"''' (᱑᱙ eagle) - ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱯᱟᱨᱜᱟᱱᱟ ᱴᱮᱱᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱮᱠᱴ (SPT Act) ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱚᱨᱡᱚᱢᱟ ᱾ # '''"ᱢᱟᱹᱡᱷᱤ ᱯᱟᱨᱜᱟᱱᱟ"''' (᱑᱙᱙᱒) - ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱵᱤᱪᱟᱹᱨ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱾ # '''"ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱯᱟᱨᱜᱟᱱᱟᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱟᱹᱡᱷᱤ"''' (᱑᱙᱙᱔) - ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱯᱟᱨᱜᱟᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱟᱹᱡᱷᱤ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱨᱤᱪᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱛ ᱾ # '''"ᱦᱚᱲ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱨᱤᱪᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱟᱨᱥᱤ"''' (᱑᱙ baggy) - ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱟᱨᱥᱤ ᱾ # '''"Female Succession in Santal Pargana"''' (᱑᱙᱙᱕) - ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱯᱟᱨᱜᱟᱱᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚައްᱠ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ ᱛᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱾ == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{reflist}} == ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ == * [https://olchiki.org ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ] [[Category:ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹᱠᱚ]] [[Category:᱑᱙᱕᱑ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ]] [[Category:ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱦᱱᱤᱠᱟᱨ]] 45j348vcfbsszxrg6crwt8iwnm0o5zp 1 36803 194399 2026-07-13T06:25:42Z ᱯᱟᱣᱨᱤᱭᱟ 8713 https://fountain.toolforge.org/editathons/wp25sat 194399 wikitext text/x-wiki {{wp25sat}} qhzngueepknbo901wcfy4m1qd7se8vs 14 36804 194400 2026-07-13T07:38:46Z MT731 2184 "{{commons category|ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ}} [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ|ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ]] ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭ..." ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ 194400 wikitext text/x-wiki {{commons category|ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ}} [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ|ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ|ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]] c0i6ynbuhyrrqunos0m475ax9a08ric 14 36805 194401 2026-07-13T07:50:13Z MT731 2184 "{{Commons category}} {{container category}} [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ| ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ| ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ|ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]]" ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ 194401 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Commons category}} {{container category}} [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ| ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ| ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ|ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]] qmvoxowwc174ho7xr42gv9gdajh4hlr 14 36806 194403 2026-07-13T08:01:12Z MT731 2184 "[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱮᱫ ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ|ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ]]" ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ 194403 wikitext text/x-wiki [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱮᱫ ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ|ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ]] io81jbz6pgkuamj3b6m0cnh4ngv6c3y 14 36807 194404 2026-07-13T08:05:02Z MT731 2184 "{{Container category}} {{Portal|Biography|India}} {{commons category|ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ}} [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱮᱫ ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱲ|ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ| ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ]]" ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ 194404 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Container category}} {{Portal|Biography|India}} {{commons category|ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ}} [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱮᱫ ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱲ|ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ| ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ]] 5i8cmu81pyjy7vcc8hsk66m25tsvvnw 0 36808 194405 2026-07-13T08:25:45Z ᱥᱩᱠᱚᱞ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱤ 8638 "{{Infobox music genre | name = ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ | native_name = ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ | etymology = "ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ" (ᱵᱤᱨ ᱥᱤᱠᱟᱹᱨ) ᱟᱨ "ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ" | cultural_origins= [[ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ]], ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ | stylistic_origins= [[ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] | instruments = [[ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱢ]],..." ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ 194405 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox music genre | name = ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ | native_name = ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ | etymology = "ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ" (ᱵᱤᱨ ᱥᱤᱠᱟᱹᱨ) ᱟᱨ "ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ" | cultural_origins= [[ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ]], ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ | stylistic_origins= [[ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] | instruments = [[ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱢ]], [[ᱛᱤᱨᱤᱭᱚ]], ᱛᱩᱢᱫᱟᱹᱜ, ᱴᱟᱢᱟᱠ | derivatives = | subgenres = | regional_scenes = ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ, ᱯᱚᱥᱪᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱸᱜᱽᱞᱟ, ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ, ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ | local_scenes = | other_topics = [[ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ]], [[ᱞᱳ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ]] }} '''ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ''' ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ [[ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ|ᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ (ᱵᱤᱨ ᱥᱤᱠᱟᱹᱨ) ᱠᱚ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱩᱱ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱤᱸᱜᱤ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱦᱤᱞᱳᱜ ᱧᱤᱫᱟᱹ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱩᱲᱩᱵ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱮ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱛᱷᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧᱼᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name="Nagamic">ᱞᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ (᱒᱐᱑᱔) ᱾ ''ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ'' (ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱟᱹ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ) ᱾ ᱯᱚᱥᱪᱤᱢᱟ ᱯᱟᱵᱽᱞᱤᱠᱮᱥᱚᱱᱥ ᱾</ref> == ᱩᱨᱩᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ == ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱠᱮᱱ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱨ-ᱵᱩᱨᱩ, ᱡᱤᱣᱤ-ᱡᱤᱭᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱠᱨᱤᱛᱤ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱮ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ, ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱤᱭᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱟᱹᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱜᱟᱵᱷᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="Nagamic"/> ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱦᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱱᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱚᱢᱵᱷᱤᱨ ᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱢᱮᱥᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱦᱱᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ == ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱹᱭᱠᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ == ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱢᱩᱞ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱹᱭᱠᱟᱹ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱮᱱᱟ:<ref name="Nagamic"/> === ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ === <poem> ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱵᱚᱭᱦᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱭᱨᱮ, ᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱵ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱾ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱡᱤᱭᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱛᱮ, ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱟᱹᱥᱠᱟᱹ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱮᱨᱮᱡ ᱮᱱ ᱾ </poem> === ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ === <poem> ᱞᱳ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱦᱟᱹᱭᱨᱮ, ᱡᱟᱣᱨᱟ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱾ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱟᱛᱮ, ᱵᱤᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱱᱛ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱟᱯᱩᱫ ᱠᱮᱫ ᱾ </poem> == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{reflist}} [[Category:ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] [[Category:ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ]] 8k5naaf9gvx8a4rqrx3sjoiim2r2fzf 1 36809 194406 2026-07-13T08:26:56Z ᱥᱩᱠᱚᱞ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱤ 8638 https://fountain.toolforge.org/editathons/wp25sat 194406 wikitext text/x-wiki {{wp25sat}} qhzngueepknbo901wcfy4m1qd7se8vs 0 36810 194407 2026-07-13T08:39:17Z ᱥᱩᱠᱚᱞ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱤ 8638 "{{Infobox musical instrument | name = ᱛᱤᱨᱭᱟᱹ | native_name = ᱛᱤᱨᱭᱟᱹ | image = | caption = ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱩᱞ ᱵᱟᱡᱽᱱᱟ - ᱛᱤᱨᱭᱟᱹ | classification= | hornbostel_sachs= | inventors = | developed = | timbre = ᱨᱟᱦᱟ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ, ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱠᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱵᱤᱛ | volume..." ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ 194407 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox musical instrument | name = ᱛᱤᱨᱭᱟᱹ | native_name = ᱛᱤᱨᱭᱟᱹ | image = | caption = ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱩᱞ ᱵᱟᱡᱽᱱᱟ - ᱛᱤᱨᱭᱟᱹ | classification= | hornbostel_sachs= | inventors = | developed = | timbre = ᱨᱟᱦᱟ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ, ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱠᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱵᱤᱛ | volume = | attack = | decay = | pitch = | range = | related = [[ᱵᱟᱸᱥᱤ]], ᱯᱷᱞᱩᱴ | musicians = ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱜᱟᱹᱠᱷᱩᱲ ᱛᱤᱨᱭᱟᱹ ᱚᱨᱚᱝ ᱠᱚ } '''ᱛᱤᱨᱭᱟᱹ''' (ᱵᱟᱸᱥᱤ) ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ, ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱦᱟ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱵᱟᱡᱽᱱᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱚᱨᱚᱝ ᱵᱟᱡᱽᱱᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱨᱟᱹᱥᱠᱟᱹ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱚᱨᱚᱝᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name="Nagamic">ᱤᱧ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱩᱠᱚᱞ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱤ ᱟᱯᱱᱟᱨᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱲᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱤᱡᱮᱨᱟ ᱢᱮᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱛᱩᱢᱳᱞ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱪ ᱤᱞ ᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ।</ref> == ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱰᱷᱚᱸᱜᱽ == ᱛᱤᱨᱭᱟᱹ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱥᱮᱥ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱟᱱᱦᱟ ᱢᱟᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱟᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱨᱚᱝ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱵᱷᱩᱜᱟᱹᱜ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ, ᱨᱟᱦᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱴᱩᱵ ᱛᱮ ᱴᱮᱠᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱚᱝᱜᱮ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱩᱨᱩᱭ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ (᱖) ᱵᱷᱩᱜᱟᱹᱜ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱷᱩᱜᱟᱹᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱟᱹᱴᱩᱵ ᱛᱮ ᱮᱥᱮᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱲᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱦᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱚᱰᱚᱠᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name="Nagamic"/> == ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ == ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱤᱨᱭᱟᱹ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱹᱦᱤᱨ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱜᱩᱯᱤ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱜᱟᱹᱭ-ᱠᱟᱰᱟ ᱜᱩᱯᱤ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ, ᱥᱮ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱵᱮᱰᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱚᱨᱚᱝᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ - ᱫᱚᱝ, ᱞᱟᱜᱽᱬᱮ, ᱥᱚᱦᱨᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱛᱩᱢᱫᱟᱹᱜ-ᱴᱟᱢᱟᱠ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱛᱤᱨᱭᱟᱹ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱦᱟ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱮᱥᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱮ ᱞᱟᱵᱤᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱠᱟᱣ ᱚᱪᱚᱭᱟ ᱾<ref name="Nagamic"/> == ᱛᱤᱨᱭᱟᱹ ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱛ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ == ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱛᱤᱨᱭᱟᱹ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱮ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ: <poem> ᱴᱳᱲᱳᱰᱟᱝ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱩᱯᱤ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ, ᱛᱤᱨᱭᱟᱹ ᱵᱟᱸᱥᱤ ᱮ ᱚᱨᱚᱝ ᱮᱫ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱟᱦᱟ ᱟᱧᱡᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱹᱭ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ, ᱵᱤᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱰᱩᱠ ᱮᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱭ-ᱵᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱾ </poem> == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{reflist}} [[Category:ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱵᱟᱡᱽᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ]] [[Category:ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ]] d0w1ywl0m6x4wx2c2orq9gm4xa3six8 1 36811 194408 2026-07-13T08:40:04Z ᱥᱩᱠᱚᱞ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱤ 8638 https://fountain.toolforge.org/editathons/wp25sat 194408 wikitext text/x-wiki {{wp25sat}} qhzngueepknbo901wcfy4m1qd7se8vs 0 36812 194409 2026-07-13T08:45:54Z ᱥᱩᱠᱚᱞ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱤ 8638 "{{Infobox music genre | name = ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ | native_name = ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ | etymology = "ᱵᱟᱦᱟ" (ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱯᱚᱨᱚᱵᱽ) ᱟᱨ "ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ" | cultural_origins= [[ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ]], ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ | stylistic_origins= [[ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] | instruments = [[ᱛᱩᱢᱫᱟᱹᱜ]], ᱴᱟᱢᱟᱠ..." ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ 194409 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox music genre | name = ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ | native_name = ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ | etymology = "ᱵᱟᱦᱟ" (ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱯᱚᱨᱚᱵᱽ) ᱟᱨ "ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ" | cultural_origins= [[ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ]], ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ | stylistic_origins= [[ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] | instruments = [[ᱛᱩᱢᱫᱟᱹᱜ]], [[ᱴᱟᱢᱟᱠ]], [[ᱛᱤᱨᱭᱟᱹ]] | derivatives = | subgenres = | regional_scenes = ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ, ᱯᱚᱥᱪᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱸᱜᱽᱞᱟ, ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ, ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ | other_topics = [[ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱯᱚᱨᱚᱵᱽ]], [[ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ]] }} '''ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ''' ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱯᱩᱱᱟᱹᱭ, ᱨᱟᱹᱥᱠᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ|ᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱯᱚᱨᱚᱵᱽ ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱟᱦᱮᱨ ᱛᱷᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ, ᱩᱱ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱨᱚᱠᱨᱤᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱨᱩᱯ, ᱥᱟᱨᱡᱚᱢ ᱵᱟᱦᱟ, ᱢᱟᱛᱠᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱩᱞᱩᱠ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾<ref name="Nagamic">ᱞᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ (᱒᱐᱑４) ᱾ ''ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ'' (ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱟᱹ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ) ᱾ ᱯᱚᱥᱪᱤᱢᱟ ᱯᱟᱵᱽᱞᱤᱠᱮᱥᱚᱱᱥ ᱾</ref> == ᱩᱨᱩᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ == ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱠᱮᱱ ᱨᱟᱹᱥᱠᱟᱹ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱯᱷᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱳ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱹᱲᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱧᱩᱨᱩᱜᱼᱟ, ᱩᱱ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱮᱨ ᱮᱨᱟ, ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱳᱲᱮᱠᱳ-ᱛᱩᱨᱩᱭᱠᱳ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱨᱦᱟᱣ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱟᱞ ᱟᱠᱳᱣᱟ᱾ == ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱹᱭᱠᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ == ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱢᱩᱞ ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱹᱭᱠᱟᱹ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱮᱱᱟ:<ref name="Nagamic"/> === ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ (ᱡᱟᱦᱮᱨ ᱛᱷᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ) === <poem> - ᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱵᱚᱞᱚ ᱮᱱ, ᱢᱟᱛᱠᱚᱢ ᱥᱟᱨᱡᱚᱢ ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱮᱱ ᱾ - ᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱮᱨ ᱮᱨᱟ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ, ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱟᱹᱥᱠᱟᱹ ᱮᱱ ᱾ </poem> === ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ (ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹᱲ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ) === <poem> - ᱥᱟᱨᱡᱚᱢ ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱹᱭ ᱮ ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱮᱱ, ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱛᱟᱭ ᱩᱰᱩᱠ ᱮᱱ ᱡᱟᱦᱮᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱾ - ᱛᱩᱢᱫᱟᱹᱜ ᱴᱟᱢᱟᱠ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹᱲ ᱨᱟᱦᱟ ᱛᱮ, ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱯᱚᱨᱚᱵᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱮᱴᱮᱨ ᱮᱱ ᱾ </poem> == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{reflist}} [[Category:ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] [[Category:ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ]] [[Category:ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱯᱚᱨᱚᱵᱽ]] 3iga8g16ytcxd2w5mul0lgxlh2s1gxq 1 36813 194410 2026-07-13T08:46:30Z ᱥᱩᱠᱚᱞ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱤ 8638 https://fountain.toolforge.org/editathons/wp25sat 194410 wikitext text/x-wiki {{wp25sat}} qhzngueepknbo901wcfy4m1qd7se8vs 0 36814 194411 2026-07-13T09:19:25Z ᱥᱩᱠᱚᱞ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱤ 8638 "{{Infobox musical instrument | name = ᱛᱩᱢᱫᱟᱹᱜ | native_name = ᱛᱩᱢᱫᱟᱹᱜ | image = | caption = ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱞ ᱵᱟᱡᱽᱱᱟ - ᱛᱩᱢᱫᱟᱹᱜ | classification= [[Percussion instrument|Percussion]] (Membranophone) | hornbostel_sachs= 211.212 | inventors = | developed = | timbre = ᱜᱩᱲᱞᱟᱹᱣ ᱟ..." ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ 194411 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox musical instrument | name = ᱛᱩᱢᱫᱟᱹᱜ | native_name = ᱛᱩᱢᱫᱟᱹᱜ | image = | caption = ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱞ ᱵᱟᱡᱽᱱᱟ - ᱛᱩᱢᱫᱟᱹᱜ | classification= [[Percussion instrument|Percussion]] (Membranophone) | hornbostel_sachs= 211.212 | inventors = | developed = | timbre = ᱜᱩᱲᱞᱟᱹᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱦᱟ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ | volume = | attack = | decay = | pitch = | range = | related = [[ᱴᱟᱢᱟᱠ]], [[ᱢᱟᱫᱚᱞ]] | musicians = ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱜᱟᱹᱠᱷᱩᱲ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹᱲᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ }} '''ᱛᱩᱢᱫᱟᱹᱜ''' ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ, ᱢᱟᱨᱮ, ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱦᱟ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱨᱩ-ᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱡᱽᱱᱟ (Membranophone) ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱚᱞ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱰᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱟ ᱥᱮ ᱢᱮᱨᱚᱢ ᱦᱟᱨᱛᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱰᱟᱞᱚᱵᱽ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱚᱨᱚᱵᱽ, ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱩᱢᱫᱟᱹᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱦᱤᱥ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="Nagamic">ᱤᱧ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱩᱠᱚᱞ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱤ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱧᱡᱚᱢ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱜᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾</ref> == ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱰᱷᱚᱸᱜᱽ == ᱛᱩᱢᱫᱟᱹᱜ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱞ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱤᱛᱩᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱚᱦᱚᱲ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱸᱜᱮᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱚ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ 'ᱩᱛᱩ' ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱟᱥᱮ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ 'ᱛᱮᱸᱜᱽ' ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱦᱟᱨᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱵᱮᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱛᱚᱞ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱛᱮ ᱨᱩ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱨᱟᱦᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱰᱮ ᱚᱰᱚᱠᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name="Nagamic"/> == ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ == ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱩᱢᱫᱟᱹᱜ ᱵᱮᱜᱚᱨ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱜᱮ ᱨᱟᱹᱥᱠᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱦᱚ ᱜᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱠᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱫᱚᱝ, ᱞᱟᱜᱽᱬᱮ, ᱥᱚᱦᱨᱟᱭ, ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱛᱩᱢᱫᱟᱹᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱴᱟᱢᱟᱠ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱩᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱩᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱴᱚᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱰ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱛᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱩᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱲᱞᱟᱹᱣ ᱥᱟᱰᱮ ᱟᱸᱡᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱞ ᱢᱮᱞᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱱᱮᱡᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name="Nagamic"/> == ᱛᱩᱢᱫᱟᱹᱜ ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱛ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ == ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱛᱩᱢᱫᱟᱹᱜ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱹᱦᱤᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ: <poem> - ᱠᱩᱞᱦᱤ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱩᱢᱫᱟᱹᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱩᱭᱮᱫ, ᱴᱟᱢᱟᱠ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱹᱠᱤᱡᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱾ - ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱰᱮ ᱟᱸᱡᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱟᱠᱚ, ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚᱱ ᱩᱰᱩᱠ ᱮᱱ ᱾ </poem> == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{reflist}} [[Category:ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱵᱟᱡᱽᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ]] [[Category:ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ]] q6347u0vsboyimjqm1f29pcnavbkdng 1 36815 194412 2026-07-13T09:20:21Z ᱥᱩᱠᱚᱞ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱤ 8638 https://fountain.toolforge.org/editathons/wp25sat 194412 wikitext text/x-wiki {{wp25sat}} qhzngueepknbo901wcfy4m1qd7se8vs 0 36816 194413 2026-07-13T09:29:32Z ᱥᱩᱠᱚᱞ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱤ 8638 "{{Infobox holiday | holiday_name = ᱢᱟᱜᱽ ᱥᱤᱢ | type = ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱯᱚᱨᱚᱵᱽ | long_name = ᱢᱟᱜᱽ ᱥᱤᱢ ᱯᱚᱨᱚᱵᱽ | image = | caption = ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱜᱽ ᱥᱤᱢ ᱯᱚᱨᱚᱵᱽ | official_name= ᱢᱟᱜᱽ ᱥᱤᱢ | observedby = ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱦᱚᱲ|ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟ..." ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ 194413 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox holiday | holiday_name = ᱢᱟᱜᱽ ᱥᱤᱢ | type = ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱯᱚᱨᱚᱵᱽ | long_name = ᱢᱟᱜᱽ ᱥᱤᱢ ᱯᱚᱨᱚᱵᱽ | image = | caption = ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱜᱽ ᱥᱤᱢ ᱯᱚᱨᱚᱵᱽ | official_name= ᱢᱟᱜᱽ ᱥᱤᱢ | observedby = [[ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱦᱚᱲ|ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱠᱚ]] | date = ᱢᱟᱜᱽ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱳ (ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱮᱞᱮᱱᱰᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱡᱟᱱᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ-ᱯᱷᱮᱵᱽᱨᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ) | celebrations = ᱡᱟᱦᱮᱨ ᱛᱷᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ, ᱥᱤᱢ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ, ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱱᱤᱭᱚᱢ | significance = ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱹᱧᱡᱷᱤ-ᱯᱟᱨᱟᱱᱤᱠ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱟᱹᱜᱩᱣᱟᱹᱱ ᱵᱟᱦᱟᱞ }} '''ᱢᱟᱜᱽ ᱥᱤᱢ''' ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱯᱚᱨᱚᱵᱽ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱚᱨᱚᱵᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱜᱽ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱳ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱟᱜᱽ ᱥᱤᱢ ᱯᱚᱨᱚᱵᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name="Nagamic">ᱞᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ (᱒᱐᱑᱔) ᱾ ''ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ'' (ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱟᱹ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ) ᱾ ᱯᱚᱥᱪᱤᱢᱟ ᱯᱟᱵᱽᱞᱤᱠᱮᱥᱚᱱᱥ ᱾</ref> == ᱯᱚᱨᱚᱵᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱤᱭᱚᱢ == ᱢᱟᱜᱽ ᱥᱤᱢ ᱦᱤᱞᱳᱜ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱱᱟᱭᱠᱮ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱮᱨ ᱛᱷᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱢ ᱮ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱩᱞᱩᱠ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱯᱮᱱ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱳᱭ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱚᱨᱚᱵᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱵᱤᱥᱮᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱦᱤᱞᱳᱜ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱟᱹᱧᱡᱷᱤ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ, ᱯᱟᱨᱟᱱᱤᱠ, ᱡᱚᱜᱽ ᱢᱟᱹᱧᱡᱷᱤ, ᱜᱳᱰᱮᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱟᱭᱠᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱹᱪᱤ ᱥᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱜᱤᱭᱟ (ᱨᱮᱡᱤᱜᱽᱱᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱢᱟ) ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱡᱩᱢᱤᱫᱽ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱮ ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱹᱜᱩᱣᱟᱹᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾<ref name="Nagamic"/> == ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ == ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱜᱽ ᱥᱤᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱱᱚᱛᱟᱱᱛᱨᱤᱠ ᱰᱷᱚᱸᱜᱽ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱫᱟᱹᱭᱠᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱚᱨᱚᱵᱽ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱫᱩᱣᱟᱹᱨ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱥᱮ ᱥᱟᱹᱣᱨᱤ ᱜᱮᱫ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱦᱚᱵᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱚᱨᱚᱵᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱹᱥᱠᱟᱹ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱜᱽ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name="Nagamic"/> == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{reflist}} [[Category:ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱯᱚᱨᱚᱵᱽ ᱠᱚ]] [[Category:ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ]] 8an0k0jkuuebpf2o4f2zfui3jxxqwwn 1 36817 194414 2026-07-13T09:30:07Z ᱥᱩᱠᱚᱞ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱤ 8638 https://fountain.toolforge.org/editathons/wp25sat 194414 wikitext text/x-wiki {{wp25sat}} qhzngueepknbo901wcfy4m1qd7se8vs 0 36818 194415 2026-07-13T09:46:10Z ᱥᱩᱠᱚᱞ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱤ 8638 "{{Infobox musical instrument | name = ᱯᱷᱮᱱᱴᱚᱨ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱢ | native_name = ᱯᱷᱮᱱᱴᱚᱨ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱢ | image = | caption = ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱨ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱡᱽᱱᱟ - ᱯᱷᱮᱱᱴᱚᱨ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱢ | classification= [[String instrument|Stringed instrument]] (Chordophone) | hornbostel_sachs= 32..." ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ 194415 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox musical instrument | name = ᱯᱷᱮᱱᱴᱚᱨ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱢ | native_name = ᱯᱷᱮᱱᱴᱚᱨ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱢ | image = | caption = ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱨ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱡᱽᱱᱟ - ᱯᱷᱮᱱᱴᱚᱨ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱢ | classification= [[String instrument|Stringed instrument]] (Chordophone) | hornbostel_sachs= 321.321 | inventors = | developed = | timbre = ᱨᱟᱦᱟ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ, ᱜᱟᱹᱦᱤᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱠᱟᱣ | volume = | attack = | decay = | pitch = | range = | related = [[ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱢ]], [[ᱫᱷᱚᱫᱽᱨᱳ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱢ]], ᱥᱟᱨᱤᱱᱫᱟ | musicians = ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱜᱟᱹᱠᱷᱩᱲ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱚᱨᱚᱝ ᱠᱚ }} '''ᱯᱷᱮᱱᱴᱚᱨ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱢ''' ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱦᱟ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱡᱽᱱᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱞ ᱵᱟᱡᱽᱱᱟ 'ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱢ' ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱩᱯ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱴ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱛᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱜᱟᱣ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="Nagamic">ᱤᱧ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱧᱡᱚᱢ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱜᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾</ref> == ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱰᱷᱚᱸᱜᱽ == ᱯᱷᱮᱱᱴᱚᱨ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱥᱮᱥ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱤᱢᱞᱤ ᱥᱮ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱵᱤᱛ ᱠᱟᱴ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱚᱞ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱦᱤᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱩᱜᱟᱹᱜ ᱜᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱳᱰᱤ ᱥᱮ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱣᱤᱭᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱨᱛᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱰᱟᱞᱚᱵᱽ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱥᱮ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱛᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱜᱟᱣ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱠᱟᱹᱴᱷᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱫᱚᱢ ᱪᱟᱣᱚᱨ ᱛᱚᱞ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱨ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱟᱥᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱨᱟᱦᱟ ᱚᱰᱚᱠ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name="Nagamic"/> == ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ == ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱷᱮᱱᱴᱚᱨ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱫᱟᱥᱟᱸᱭ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ, ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱯᱚᱨᱚᱵᱽ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱦᱟ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱜᱟᱹᱠᱷᱩᱲ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱚᱨᱚᱝ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ, ᱵᱤᱱᱛᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱦᱱᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱟᱦᱟ ᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱸᱡᱚᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱵᱤᱛ ᱚᱪᱚᱭᱟ ᱾<ref name="Nagamic"/> == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{reflist}} [[Category:ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱵᱟᱡᱽᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ]] [[Category:ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ]] iwel0m7z3gl6xde8eq3atxqy0n2v4be 1 36819 194416 2026-07-13T09:46:54Z ᱥᱩᱠᱚᱞ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱤ 8638 https://fountain.toolforge.org/editathons/wp25sat 194416 wikitext text/x-wiki {{wp25sat}} qhzngueepknbo901wcfy4m1qd7se8vs 0 36820 194417 2026-07-13T09:53:16Z ᱥᱩᱠᱚᱞ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱤ 8638 "{{Infobox musical instrument | name = ᱰᱷᱟᱠ | native_name = ᱰᱷᱟᱠ | image = | caption = ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱫᱟᱞᱚᱵᱽ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱡᱽᱱᱟ - ᱰᱷᱟᱠ | classification= [[Percussion instrument|Percussion]] | hornbostel_sachs= 211.212 | inventors = | developed..." ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ 194417 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox musical instrument | name = ᱰᱷᱟᱠ | native_name = ᱰᱷᱟᱠ | image = | caption = ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱫᱟᱞᱚᱵᱽ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱡᱽᱱᱟ - ᱰᱷᱟᱠ | classification= [[Percussion instrument|Percussion]] | hornbostel_sachs= 211.212 | inventors = | developed = | timbre = ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ, ᱜᱟᱹᱦᱤᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱩᱲᱞᱟᱹᱣ ᱥᱟᱰᱮ | volume = | attack = | decay = | pitch = | range = | related = [[ᱴᱟᱢᱟᱠ]], [[ᱛᱩᱢᱫᱟᱹᱜ]], ᱰᱷᱚᱞ | musicians = ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱵᱟᱡᱽᱱᱟ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹᱲᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ }} '''ᱰᱷᱟᱠ''' ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ, ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱟᱞᱚᱵᱽ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱩ-ᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱡᱽᱱᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱯᱚᱨᱚᱵᱽ, ᱮᱱᱮᱡ-ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱹᱥᱠᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱴᱷᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱨᱩ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name="Nagamic">ᱤᱧ ᱛᱮ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱰᱮ ᱟᱧᱡᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱩᱞᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱪ ᱤᱧ ᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾</ref> == ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱰᱷᱚᱸᱜᱽ == ᱰᱷᱟᱠ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱥᱮᱥ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱴ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱲᱞᱟᱹᱣ ᱠᱷᱚᱞ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱰᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱟ ᱥᱮ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱡᱤᱣᱤᱭᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱨᱛᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱰᱟᱞᱚᱵᱽ/ᱫᱟᱞᱚᱵᱽ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱦᱟᱨᱛᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱵᱚᱲ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱵᱟᱵᱮᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱚᱞ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱹᱜᱤ ᱥᱟᱰᱮ ᱚᱰᱚᱠ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ, ᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱱᱟᱱᱦᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱴᱷᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱨᱩ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name="Nagamic"/> == ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ == ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱰᱷᱟᱠ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱵᱤᱥᱮᱥ ᱯᱚᱨᱚᱵᱽ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱟᱹᱦᱤᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱜᱩᱲᱞᱟᱹᱣ ᱥᱟᱰᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱤᱧ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱟᱸᱡᱚᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱩᱢᱫᱟᱹᱜ-ᱴᱟᱢᱟᱠ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱢᱮᱥᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱞ ᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱰᱷᱟᱠ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱩ ᱟᱸᱡᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱡᱩᱢᱤᱫᱽ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱹᱥᱠᱟᱹ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱭ-ᱦᱤᱥᱤᱫ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name="Nagamic"/> == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{reflist}} [[Category:ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱵᱟᱡᱽᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ]] [[Category:ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ]] d2ay119jevic92bmp83xrecwfhx3ti8 194439 194417 2026-07-13T11:13:36Z ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱗ 1744 /* */ 194439 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox instrument | name = ᱰᱷᱟᱠ | native_name = ᱰᱷᱟᱠ | image = | caption = ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱫᱟᱞᱚᱵᱽ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱡᱽᱱᱟ - ᱰᱷᱟᱠ | classification= [[Percussion instrument|Percussion]] | hornbostel_sachs= 211.212 | inventors = | developed = | timbre = ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ, ᱜᱟᱹᱦᱤᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱩᱲᱞᱟᱹᱣ ᱥᱟᱰᱮ | volume = | attack = | decay = | pitch = | range = | related = [[ᱴᱟᱢᱟᱠ]], [[ᱛᱩᱢᱫᱟᱹᱜ]], ᱰᱷᱚᱞ | musicians = ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱵᱟᱡᱽᱱᱟ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹᱲᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ }} '''ᱰᱷᱟᱠ''' ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ, ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱟᱞᱚᱵᱽ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱩ-ᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱡᱽᱱᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱯᱚᱨᱚᱵᱽ, ᱮᱱᱮᱡ-ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱹᱥᱠᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱴᱷᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱨᱩ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name="Nagamic">ᱤᱧ ᱛᱮ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱰᱮ ᱟᱧᱡᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱩᱞᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱪ ᱤᱧ ᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾</ref> == ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱰᱷᱚᱸᱜᱽ == ᱰᱷᱟᱠ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱥᱮᱥ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱴ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱲᱞᱟᱹᱣ ᱠᱷᱚᱞ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱰᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱟ ᱥᱮ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱡᱤᱣᱤᱭᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱨᱛᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱰᱟᱞᱚᱵᱽ/ᱫᱟᱞᱚᱵᱽ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱦᱟᱨᱛᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱵᱚᱲ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱵᱟᱵᱮᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱚᱞ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱹᱜᱤ ᱥᱟᱰᱮ ᱚᱰᱚᱠ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ, ᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱱᱟᱱᱦᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱴᱷᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱨᱩ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name="Nagamic"/> == ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ == ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱰᱷᱟᱠ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱵᱤᱥᱮᱥ ᱯᱚᱨᱚᱵᱽ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱟᱹᱦᱤᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱜᱩᱲᱞᱟᱹᱣ ᱥᱟᱰᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱤᱧ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱟᱸᱡᱚᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱩᱢᱫᱟᱹᱜ-ᱴᱟᱢᱟᱠ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱢᱮᱥᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱞ ᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱰᱷᱟᱠ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱩ ᱟᱸᱡᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱡᱩᱢᱤᱫᱽ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱹᱥᱠᱟᱹ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱭ-ᱦᱤᱥᱤᱫ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name="Nagamic"/> == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{reflist}} [[Category:ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱵᱟᱡᱽᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ]] [[Category:ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ]] 6wvjx1v6bur0j89yf50nx6uz91uwaxs 1 36821 194418 2026-07-13T09:53:58Z ᱥᱩᱠᱚᱞ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱤ 8638 https://fountain.toolforge.org/editathons/wp25sat 194418 wikitext text/x-wiki {{wp25sat}} qhzngueepknbo901wcfy4m1qd7se8vs 0 36822 194419 2026-07-13T10:02:31Z ᱥᱩᱠᱚᱞ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱤ 8638 "{{Infobox song | name = ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ | type = | artist = ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ | image = | caption = ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱯᱚᱨᱚᱵᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ | language = [[ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ|ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ]] | published = ᱰᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ..." ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ 194419 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox song | name = ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ | type = | artist = ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ | image = | caption = ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱯᱚᱨᱚᱵᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ | language = [[ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ|ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ]] | published = ᱰᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ | genre = ᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ | regional_style = ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱯᱟᱨᱜᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱵᱚᱥᱚᱫ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱚ }} '''ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ''' ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱹᱦᱤᱨ, ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱥᱮᱥ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱯᱚᱨᱚᱵᱽ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱩᱢᱫᱟᱹᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱴᱟᱢᱟᱠ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱞ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧᱟ ᱾<ref name="Nagamic">ᱞᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ (᱒᱐᱑４) ᱾ ''ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ'' (ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱟᱹ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ) ᱾ ᱯᱚᱥᱪᱤᱢᱟ ᱯᱟᱵᱽᱞᱤᱠᱮᱥᱚᱱᱥ ᱾</ref> == ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱠᱚ == ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱤᱭᱚᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱞ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ:<ref name="Nagamic"/> # '''ᱜᱩᱨᱩ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ''' # '''ᱜᱟᱞᱣᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ''' # '''ᱵᱷᱤᱱᱥᱟᱹᱨ ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ''' # '''ᱞᱤᱞᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ''' # '''ᱱᱟᱱᱦᱟ ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ''' == ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱱᱛᱤ == ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱦᱱᱤ, ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱩᱠᱷ-ᱥᱩᱠᱷ, ᱟᱨ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱟᱹᱦᱤᱨ ᱵᱤᱱᱛᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱰᱟᱹᱨ ᱵᱤᱫ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱜᱩᱰᱤ ᱵᱮᱲᱦᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱤ ᱥᱟᱵ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱱᱮᱡᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱦᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱩᱢᱤᱫᱽ ᱮ ᱟᱹᱜᱩᱭᱟ ᱾<ref name="Nagamic"/> == ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ == ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱵᱤᱱᱛᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱫᱟᱹᱭᱠᱟᱹ: <poem> - ᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱜᱳᱥᱟᱸᱭ, ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱢᱟ ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱜᱳᱥᱟᱸᱭ ᱦᱮᱞᱮ ᱢᱮᱞᱮ ᱾ - ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱢᱟ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱪᱮᱨᱮᱡ ᱵᱮᱨᱮᱡ, ᱫᱮᱞᱟ ᱵᱚᱱ ᱜᱳᱥᱟᱸᱭ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱟᱢᱟ ᱾ </poem> == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{reflist}} [[Category:ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱠᱚ]] [[Category:ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ]] lsvtl1yazh8jlbke1ik3m6tzwanrrou 1 36823 194420 2026-07-13T10:03:06Z ᱥᱩᱠᱚᱞ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱤ 8638 https://fountain.toolforge.org/editathons/wp25sat 194420 wikitext text/x-wiki {{wp25sat}} qhzngueepknbo901wcfy4m1qd7se8vs 0 36824 194424 2026-07-13T10:23:03Z RohitSonkar.nandulia 8910 "{{Infobox person | name = ᱨᱳᱵᱮᱱ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ | birth_date = ᱑᱑ ᱱᱚᱵᱷᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱑᱙᱑᱑ | birth_place = ᱱᱟᱨᱟᱭᱚᱱᱯᱩᱨ ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱ, ᱯᱟᱪᱷᱮ ᱫᱤᱱᱟᱡᱽᱯᱩᱨ, ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ | death_date = ᱑᱙᱘᱐ | parents = ᱡᱟᱞᱯᱟ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ (ᱵᱟᱵᱟ) | occupation = ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ | known_for = ''ᱥᱚᱨᱚᱥ ᱠᱟ..." ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ 194424 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = ᱨᱳᱵᱮᱱ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ | birth_date = ᱑᱑ ᱱᱚᱵᱷᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱑᱙᱑᱑ | birth_place = ᱱᱟᱨᱟᱭᱚᱱᱯᱩᱨ ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱ, ᱯᱟᱪᱷᱮ ᱫᱤᱱᱟᱡᱽᱯᱩᱨ, ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ | death_date = ᱑᱙᱘᱐ | parents = ᱡᱟᱞᱯᱟ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ (ᱵᱟᱵᱟ) | occupation = ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ | known_for = ''ᱥᱚᱨᱚᱥ ᱠᱟᱹᱦᱱᱤᱠᱚ'', ''ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱚᱱᱚᱬᱦᱮᱸ'' }} '''ᱨᱳᱵᱮᱱ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ''' (᱑᱑ ᱱᱚᱵᱷᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱑૯૧૧ – ᱑᱙᱘᱐) ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱪᱷᱮ ᱫᱤᱱᱟᱡᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱨᱟᱭᱚᱱᱯᱩᱨ ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="Tudu2020">{{Cite book |last=ᱴᱩᱰᱩ |first=ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱚ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ |title=ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱢᱚᱱᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱨᱟ |publisher=ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱟᱵᱚᱛᱤ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ |year=2020 |edition=2nd}}</ref> == ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ == ᱨᱳᱵᱮᱱ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ ᱟᱡ ᱵᱟᱵᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱞᱯᱟ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱡ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱘᱐ ᱥᱟᱞᱮᱨᱮᱭ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="Tudu2020"/> == ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ == ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱚᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱸᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ:<ref name="Tudu2020"/> * ''ᱥᱚᱨᱚᱥ ᱠᱟᱹᱦᱱᱤᱠᱚ'' * ''ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱚᱱᱚᱬᱦᱮᱸ'' == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == <references /> <ref name="Tudu2020">{{Cite book |last=ᱴᱩᱰᱩ |first=ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱚ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ |title=ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱢᱚᱱᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱨᱟ |publisher=ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱟᱵᱚᱛᱤ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ |year=2020 |edition=2nd}}</ref> hjbadzi1fax7obua0u1u5yxzpzm9qgz 0 36825 194428 2026-07-13T10:36:03Z RohitSonkar.nandulia 8910 "{{Infobox person | name = ᱪᱟᱹᱢᱯᱟᱹᱭ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ | birth_date = ᱑᱙᱑᱒ | birth_place = ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱫᱚᱦᱟ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ, ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱥᱤᱝᱵᱷᱩᱢ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ, ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ | death_date = ᱑᱙᱘᱐ | parents = ᱡᱚᱜᱚᱛᱨᱟᱢ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ (ᱵᱟᱵᱟ)<br>ᱱᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ (ᱟᱭᱳ) | education = ᱵᱤ.ᱮ. (᱑᱙᱔᱒) | alma_mater..." ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ 194428 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = ᱪᱟᱹᱢᱯᱟᱹᱭ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ | birth_date = ᱑᱙᱑᱒ | birth_place = ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱫᱚᱦᱟ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ, ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱥᱤᱝᱵᱷᱩᱢ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ, ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ | death_date = ᱑᱙᱘᱐ | parents = ᱡᱚᱜᱚᱛᱨᱟᱢ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ (ᱵᱟᱵᱟ)<br>ᱱᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ (ᱟᱭᱳ) | education = ᱵᱤ.ᱮ. (᱑᱙᱔᱒) | alma_mater = ᱯᱟᱴᱱᱟ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ | occupation = ᱥᱟᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱤᱡ, ᱚᱱᱚᱬᱦᱤᱭᱟᱹ, ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱨᱩᱥᱤᱠᱟ, ᱵᱮᱣᱨᱟᱭᱤᱡ | known_for = ''ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ'' ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱥᱟᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱤᱡ }} '''ᱪᱟᱹᱢᱯᱟᱹᱭ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ''' (᱑᱙᱑᱒ – ᱑᱙᱘᱐) ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱤᱡ, ᱚᱱᱚᱬᱦᱤᱭᱟᱹ, ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱨᱩᱥᱤᱠᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱮᱣᱨᱟᱭᱤᱡ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱚᱱᱚᱬᱦᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱛᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣᱤᱡ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮᱭ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name="Tudu2020">{{Cite book |last=ᱴᱩᱰᱩ |first=ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱚ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ |title=ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱢᱚᱱᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱨᱟ |publisher=ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱟᱵᱚᱛᱤ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ |year=2020 |edition=2nd}}</ref> == ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ == ᱪᱟᱹᱢᱯᱟᱹᱭ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ ᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱥᱤᱝᱵᱷᱩᱢ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱫᱚᱦᱟ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱙᱑᱒ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱡ ᱵᱟᱵᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱜᱚᱛᱨᱟᱢ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱭᱳᱣᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱔᱒ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱴᱱᱟ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱤ.ᱮ. ᱰᱤᱜᱽᱨᱤ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱾<ref name="Tudu2020"/> ᱟᱡ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱘᱐ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ == ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ == ᱪᱟᱹᱢᱯᱟᱹᱭ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱔᱑ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ''ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ'' ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱛᱮ "ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱫᱚᱦᱟ ᱞᱤᱴᱮᱨᱟᱨᱤ ᱥᱳᱥᱟᱭᱴᱤ" ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱦᱩᱫᱤᱥ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱮᱛᱟᱝ ᱮ ᱢᱮᱴᱟᱣᱟ ᱾<ref name="Tudu2020"/> ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱚᱱᱚᱬᱦᱮ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱛᱷᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ: <blockquote>''"ᱫᱩᱠ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱵᱟᱱ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱨᱮ, ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱰᱷᱚᱝᱜᱟ ᱫᱚᱨᱮ ᱴᱚᱞᱚ ᱢᱚᱞᱚ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱜᱷᱟᱹᱲᱤᱠ ᱟᱸᱥ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ, ᱩᱢᱤᱱ ᱜᱷᱟᱹᱲᱤᱠ ᱫᱚᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱢ ᱥᱟᱱᱟ ᱾"''<ref name="Tudu2020"/></blockquote> == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == <references /> <ref name="Tudu2020">{{Cite book |last=ᱴᱩᱰᱩ |first=ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱚ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ |title=ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱢᱚᱱᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱨᱟ |publisher=ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱟᱵᱚᱛᱤ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ |year=2020|edition=2nd},page 93}</ref> 8k698z41vpmqvveffhy7qchq6e90ora 0 36826 194431 2026-07-13T10:43:23Z RohitSonkar.nandulia 8910 "{{Infobox person | name = ᱥᱣᱮᱛ ᱪᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ | birth_date = ᱑᱙᱑᱗ | birth_place = ᱪᱩᱪᱷᱤ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ, ᱥᱟᱦᱮᱵᱽᱜᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ, ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ | death_date = ᱙ ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱞ ᱑᱙᱘᱗ | parents = ᱟᱦᱟᱭ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ (ᱵᱟᱵᱟ)<br>ᱞᱤᱞᱤᱵᱚᱛᱤ (ᱟᱭᱳ) | occupation = ᱢᱟᱪᱮᱛ, ᱟᱥᱲᱟ ᱤ..." ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ 194431 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = ᱥᱣᱮᱛ ᱪᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ | birth_date = ᱑᱙᱑᱗ | birth_place = ᱪᱩᱪᱷᱤ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ, ᱥᱟᱦᱮᱵᱽᱜᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ, ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ | death_date = ᱙ ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱞ ᱑᱙᱘᱗ | parents = ᱟᱦᱟᱭ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ (ᱵᱟᱵᱟ)<br>ᱞᱤᱞᱤᱵᱚᱛᱤ (ᱟᱭᱳ) | occupation = ᱢᱟᱪᱮᱛ, ᱟᱥᱲᱟ ᱤᱱᱥᱯᱮᱠᱴᱚᱨ, ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ }} '''ᱥᱣᱮᱛ ᱪᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ''' (᱑᱙᱑᱗ – ᱙ ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱞ ᱑᱙᱘᱗) ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱪᱮᱛ, ᱟᱥᱲᱟ ᱤᱱᱥᱯᱮᱠᱴᱚᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱱᱤᱰ ᱵᱳᱨᱰ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮᱭ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾<ref name="Tudu2020">{{Cite book |last=ᱴᱩᱰᱩ |first=ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱚ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ |title=ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱢᱚᱱᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱨᱟ |publisher=ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱟᱵᱚᱛᱤ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ |year=2020 |edition=2nd |page=93}}</ref> == ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ == ᱥᱣᱮᱛ ᱪᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ ᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱑᱗ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱦᱮᱵᱽᱜᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱪᱩᱪᱷᱤ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱡ ᱵᱟᱵᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱦᱟᱭ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱭᱳᱣᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱤᱞᱤᱵᱚᱛᱤ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱙ ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱞ ᱑᱙᱘᱗ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="Tudu2020"/> == ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ == ᱥᱣᱮᱛ ᱪᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱪᱮᱛ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱥᱲᱟ ᱤᱱᱥᱯᱮᱠᱴᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱱᱤᱰ ᱵᱳᱨᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱦᱩᱫᱟᱹ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾<ref name="Tudu2020"/> == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == <references /> <ref name="Tudu2020">{{Cite book |last=ᱴᱩᱰᱩ |first=ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱚ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ |title=ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱢᱚᱱᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱨᱟ |publisher=ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱟᱵᱚᱛᱤ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ |year=2020 |edition=2nd |page=93}}</ref> pojuh8oklzd0qnnyihb738hrr58zm5x 0 36827 194434 2026-07-13T10:48:12Z RohitSonkar.nandulia 8910 "{{Infobox person | name = ᱰᱨ. ᱥᱚᱦᱫᱮᱵᱽ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱱᱰᱤ | birth_place = ᱢᱤᱦᱤᱡᱟᱢ ᱛᱷᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ | education = ᱦᱳᱢᱤᱭᱳᱯᱮᱛᱷᱤᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱰᱚᱠᱴᱚᱨᱮᱴ | occupation = ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ, ᱰᱟᱠᱛᱚᱨ | known_for = ''ᱫᱟᱸᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ'', ''ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱟᱥᱟ'', ''ᱯᱟᱹᱦᱤᱞ ᱢᱟᱨ..." ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ 194434 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = ᱰᱨ. ᱥᱚᱦᱫᱮᱵᱽ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱱᱰᱤ | birth_place = ᱢᱤᱦᱤᱡᱟᱢ ᱛᱷᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ | education = ᱦᱳᱢᱤᱭᱳᱯᱮᱛᱷᱤᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱰᱚᱠᱴᱚᱨᱮᱴ | occupation = ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ, ᱰᱟᱠᱛᱚᱨ | known_for = ''ᱫᱟᱸᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ'', ''ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱟᱥᱟ'', ''ᱯᱟᱹᱦᱤᱞ ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ'' }} '''ᱰᱨ. ᱥᱚᱦᱫᱮᱵᱽ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱱᱰᱤ''' ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱳᱢᱤᱭᱳᱯᱮᱛᱷᱤᱠ ᱰᱟᱠᱛᱚᱨ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱦᱤᱡᱟᱢ ᱛᱷᱟᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="Tudu2020">{{Cite book |last=ᱴᱩᱰᱩ |first=ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱚ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ |title=ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱢᱚᱱᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱨᱟ |publisher=ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱟᱵᱚᱛᱤ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ |year=2020 |edition=2nd |page=93}}</ref> == ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ == ᱰᱨ. ᱥᱚᱦᱫᱮᱵᱽ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱱᱰᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱳᱢᱤᱭᱳᱯᱮᱛᱷᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱰᱚᱠᱴᱚᱨᱮᱴ (Doctorate) ᱰᱤᱜᱽᱨᱤ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾<ref name="Tudu2020"/> == ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ == ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱜᱟᱢᱟᱢ, ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱚᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱸᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ:<ref name="Tudu2020"/> * ''ᱫᱟᱸᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ'' (᱑᱙᱖᱖) * ''ᱥᱟᱞ ᱢᱮᱥᱟᱞ'' - ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ (᱑᱙᱖᱘) * ''ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱟᱥᱟ'' - ᱜᱟᱭᱟᱱ (᱑᱙᱗᱗) * ''ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱥᱚᱦᱨᱟᱭ'' - ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ (᱑᱙᱙᱘) * ''ᱯᱟᱹᱦᱤᱞ ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ'' - ᱜᱟᱢᱟᱢ == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == <references /> <ref name="Tudu2020">{{Cite book |last=ᱴᱩᱰᱩ |first=ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱚ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ |title=ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱢᱚᱱᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱨᱟ |publisher=ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱟᱵᱚᱛᱤ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ |year=2020 |edition=2nd |page=93}}</ref> 0cr8xvzj5nya64suuch0tdcuug7uhyc 0 36828 194436 2026-07-13T10:54:17Z RohitSonkar.nandulia 8910 "{{Infobox person | name = ᱰᱨ. ᱯᱷᱚᱱᱤᱱᱫᱽᱨᱚᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ | birth_place = ᱠᱳᱫᱳᱯᱩᱲᱟ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ, ᱢᱤᱫᱽᱱᱟᱯᱩᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ, ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ | education = ᱯᱤ.ᱮᱪ.ᱰᱤ. (᱑᱙᱘᱖) | alma_mater = ᱠᱚᱞᱠᱟᱛᱟ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ | occupation = ᱢᱟᱪᱮᱛ, ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟ..." ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ 194436 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = ᱰᱨ. ᱯᱷᱚᱱᱤᱱᱫᱽᱨᱚᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ | birth_place = ᱠᱳᱫᱳᱯᱩᱲᱟ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ, ᱢᱤᱫᱽᱱᱟᱯᱩᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ, ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ | education = ᱯᱤ.ᱮᱪ.ᱰᱤ. (᱑᱙᱘᱖) | alma_mater = ᱠᱚᱞᱠᱟᱛᱟ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ | occupation = ᱢᱟᱪᱮᱛ, ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ, ᱥᱟᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱤᱡ | title = ᱢᱟᱺᱡᱷᱤ | known_for = ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱭᱚᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱛ, ''ᱫᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ'' ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱥᱟᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱤᱡ }} '''ᱰᱨ. ᱯᱷᱚᱱᱤᱱᱫᱽᱨᱚᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ''' ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱤᱡ, ᱢᱟᱪᱮᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱟᱡ ᱫᱚ 'ᱢᱟᱺᱡᱷᱤ' ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫᱽᱱᱟᱯᱩᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱳᱫᱳᱯᱩᱲᱟ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾<ref name="Tudu2020">{{Cite book |last=ᱴᱩᱰᱩ |first=ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱚ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ |title=ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱢᱚᱱᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱨᱟ |publisher=ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱟᱵᱚᱛᱤ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ |year=2020 |edition=2nd |page=92}}</ref> == ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ == ᱰᱨ. ᱯᱷᱚᱱᱤᱱᱫᱽᱨᱚᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱦᱟᱸᱥᱫᱟᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱘᱖ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱞᱠᱟᱛᱟ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱤ.ᱮᱪ.ᱰᱤ. (Ph.D) ᱰᱤᱜᱽᱨᱤᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱪᱮᱛ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮᱭ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱭᱚᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ (Rajya Sabha) ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱛ ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="Tudu2020"/> == ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ == ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱘᱑ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ''ᱫᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ'' ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱛᱮᱭ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾<ref name="Tudu2020"/> == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == <references /> <ref name="Tudu2020">{{Cite book |last=ᱴᱩᱰᱩ |first=ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱚ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ |title=ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱢᱚᱱᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱨᱟ |publisher=ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱟᱵᱚᱛᱤ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ |year=2020 |edition=2nd |page=92}}</ref> ==ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ== [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ]] 9h06b2hqhrjevt96dungo0fawiu0am5 0 36829 194438 2026-07-13T11:11:57Z RohitSonkar.nandulia 8910 "{{Infobox person | name = ᱡᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱪᱚᱬᱮ | birth_place = ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱞ ᱯᱟᱨᱜᱟᱱᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ, [[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ]] | occupation = ᱢᱟᱪᱮᱛ, ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ | known_for = ''ᱵᱤᱨ ᱪᱮᱬᱮ ᱥᱟᱠᱷᱤ'', ''ᱵᱟᱯᱞᱟ ᱪᱷᱟᱢᱰᱟ'' }} '''ᱡᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱪᱚᱬᱮ''' ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮ..." ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ 194438 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = ᱡᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱪᱚᱬᱮ | birth_place = ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱞ ᱯᱟᱨᱜᱟᱱᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ, [[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ]] | occupation = ᱢᱟᱪᱮᱛ, ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ | known_for = ''ᱵᱤᱨ ᱪᱮᱬᱮ ᱥᱟᱠᱷᱤ'', ''ᱵᱟᱯᱞᱟ ᱪᱷᱟᱢᱰᱟ'' }} '''ᱡᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱪᱚᱬᱮ''' ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱪᱮᱛ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱞ ᱯᱟᱨᱜᱟᱱᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾<ref name="Tudu2020">{{Cite book |last=ᱴᱩᱰᱩ |first=ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱚ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ |title=ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱢᱚᱱᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱨᱟ |publisher=ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱟᱵᱚᱛᱤ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ |year=2020 |edition=2nd |page=95}}</ref> == ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ == ᱡᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱪᱚᱬᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱪᱮᱛ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱛᱮᱛᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱟᱥᱲᱟ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾<ref name="Tudu2020"/> == ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ == ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ, ᱟᱥᱚᱠᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱩᱢᱟᱹᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱢᱴᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱟᱠᱟᱨ ᱛᱮᱭ ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ:<ref name="Tudu2020"/> * ''ᱵᱤᱨ ᱪᱮᱬᱮ ᱥᱟᱠᱷᱤ'' * ''ᱵᱟᱯᱞᱟ ᱪᱷᱟᱢᱰᱟ'' == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == <references /> <ref name="Tudu2020">{{Cite book |last=ᱴᱩᱰᱩ |first=ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱚ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ |title=ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱢᱚᱱᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱨᱟ |publisher=ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱟᱵᱚᱛᱤ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ |year=2020 |edition=2nd |page=95}}</ref> [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱞ ᱯᱟᱨᱜᱟᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ]] a5nqyr8qtkjhvcfde9rwhne57xx8dab 10 36830 194440 2026-07-13T11:17:37Z ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱗ 1744 "{{infobox | datastyle = text-align: left | title = {{{name|<includeonly>{{PAGENAMEBASE}}</includeonly>}}} | headerstyle = background:{{Infobox instrument/Color|{{{background|}}} }};color:inherit; | image = {{#invoke:InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|image={{{image|}}}|size={{{image_size|}}}|sizedefault=250x250px|alt={{{alt|}}}|class={{{image_class|}}}}} | imageclass = {{{imageclass|}}} | caption = {{{caption|{{{imag..." ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ 194440 wikitext text/x-wiki {{infobox | datastyle = text-align: left | title = {{{name|<includeonly>{{PAGENAMEBASE}}</includeonly>}}} | headerstyle = background:{{Infobox instrument/Color|{{{background|}}} }};color:inherit; | image = {{#invoke:InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|image={{{image|}}}|size={{{image_size|}}}|sizedefault=250x250px|alt={{{alt|}}}|class={{{image_class|}}}}} | imageclass = {{{imageclass|}}} | caption = {{{caption|{{{image_capt|}}}}}} | header1 = {{Infobox instrument/Classification|{{{background|}}} }} | label2 = ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱠᱚ | data2 = {{{names|}}} | label3 = [[Musical instrument classification|ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ]] | data3 = {{#if:{{{classification|}}}|<span></span> {{{classification}}} }} | label4 = [[Hornbostel–Sachs|ᱦᱚᱨᱱᱵᱳᱥᱴᱮᱞ–ᱥᱟᱠᱥ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ]] | data4 = {{{hornbostel_sachs|}}}{{#if:{{{hornbostel_sachs_desc|}}}|<br />({{{hornbostel_sachs_desc}}})}} | label5 = ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱤᱭᱟᱹ | data5 = {{{inventors|}}} | label6 = ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ | data6 = {{{developed|}}} | label7 = {{#if:{{{timbre|}}}|[[Timbre|ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱜᱩᱱ]]}} | data7 = {{#if:{{{timbre|}}}|{{{timbre|}}}}} | label8 = {{#if:{{{volume|}}}|[[Loudness|ᱥᱟᱰᱮ]]}} | data8 = {{#if:{{{volume|}}}|{{{volume|}}}}} | label9 = {{#if:{{{attack|}}}|[[ADSR envelope|ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ]]}} | data9 = {{#if:{{{attack|}}}|{{{attack|}}}}} | label10 = {{#if:{{{decay|}}}|[[ADSR envelope|ᱠᱚᱢᱚᱜ]]}} | data10 = {{#if:{{{decay|}}}|{{{decay|}}}}} | header11 = {{#if:{{{range|}}}|[[Range (music)|ᱨᱩ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ]]}} | data12 = {{#if:{{{range|}}}|<span></span> {{{range}}} {{#if:{{{pitch|}}}|{{{pitch}}}}} }} | header13 = {{#if:{{{related|}}}|[[Musical instrument|ᱡᱚᱯᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱥᱟᱯᱟᱵᱠᱚ]]}} | data14 = {{#if:{{{related|}}}|<span></span> {{{related}}} }} | header15 = {{#if:{{{musicians|}}}|ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱣᱤᱭᱟᱹᱠᱚ}} | data16 = {{#if:{{{musicians|}}}|<span></span> {{{musicians}}} }} | header17 = {{#if:{{{composers|}}}|ᱨᱟᱦᱟ ᱜᱟᱵᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹᱠᱚ}} | data18 = {{#if:{{{composers|}}}|<span></span> {{{composers}}} }} | header19 = {{#if:{{{builders|}}}|ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱤᱭᱟᱹᱠᱚ}} | data20 = {{#if:{{{builders|}}}|<span></span> {{{builders}}} }} | header21 = {{#if:{{{sound sample|}}}|ᱥᱟᱰᱮ ᱱᱚᱢᱩᱱᱟ}} | data22 = {{#if:{{{sound sample|}}}|<span></span> {{{sound sample}}} }} | header23 = {{#if:{{{articles|}}}|ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱛᱮᱱᱟᱜ}} | data24 = {{#if:{{{articles|}}}|<span></span> {{{articles}}} }} |data25 = {{{module|}}} }}{{#invoke:Check for unknown parameters|check|unknown={{main other|[[Category:Pages using infobox instrument with unknown parameters|_VALUE_{{PAGENAME}}]]}}|preview=Page using [[Template:Infobox instrument]] with unknown parameter "_VALUE_"| showblankpositional=1 | name | image | image_size | alt | caption | image_capt | image_class | background | names | classification | hornbostel_sachs | hornbostel_sachs_desc | inventors | developed | timbre | volume | attack | decay | range | pitch | related | musicians | composers | sound sample | builders | articles | module}}<noinclude> {{Documentation}}<!-- Please add interwikis to the /doc page, not here --> </noinclude> ptavzds0uo5an6xu8tz4zcrjdbh49f1 10 36831 194441 2026-07-13T11:20:38Z ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱗ 1744 /* */ 194441 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{#switch: {{{1|}}} | keyboard = [[ᱠᱤᱵᱳᱨᱰ ᱥᱟᱯᱟᱵ]] | woodwind = [[ᱚᱝ ᱥᱟᱯᱟᱵ]] | brass = [[ᱯᱤᱛᱚᱞ ᱥᱟᱯᱟᱵ]] | string = [[ᱛᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱯᱟᱵ]] | percussion = [[ᱨᱩ ᱥᱟᱯᱟᱵ]] | electronic = [[ᱤᱞᱮᱠᱴᱨᱚᱱᱤᱠ ᱥᱟᱯᱟᱵ]] | other = ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱯᱟᱵ | {{{1|}}} }}}}</includeonly><noinclude> <!-- * IMPORTANT: the default line in the switch above is provisional; * * when the design will be settled it shouldn't be possible * * to specify anything else than one of the above names. * * * -->;ᱱᱳᱴ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱪᱷᱟᱸᱪ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱥᱲᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱲᱩᱛ ᱪᱷᱟᱸᱪ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱚᱱ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱡᱚᱯᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱮ ᱥᱟᱵ ᱫᱚᱦᱚᱭᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱵᱮᱜᱚᱨ-ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱨᱟᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣᱜᱼᱟ᱾ [[Category:Template implementation details|{{PAGENAME}}]] </noinclude> 6royn6qxxrxbg7y9b5xzahfg5uurrck 0 36832 194442 2026-07-13T11:26:14Z RohitSonkar.nandulia 8910 "{{Infobox person | name = ᱪᱩᱱᱠᱩᱨᱟᱢ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ | birth_date = ᱒᱐ ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ ᱑᱙᱒᱓ | birth_place = ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱫᱚᱦᱟ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ, ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱥᱤᱝᱵᱷᱩᱢ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ, [[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ]] | death_date = ᱑᱘ ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ ᱒᱐᱐᱑ | parents = ᱴᱤᱵᱩᱨᱟᱢ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ (ᱵᱟᱵᱟ)<br>ᱱᱳᱦᱟ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ (ᱟᱭᱳ) | occupation = ᱚ..." ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ 194442 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = ᱪᱩᱱᱠᱩᱨᱟᱢ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ | birth_date = ᱒᱐ ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ ᱑᱙᱒᱓ | birth_place = ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱫᱚᱦᱟ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ, ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱥᱤᱝᱵᱷᱩᱢ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ, [[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ]] | death_date = ᱑᱘ ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ ᱒᱐᱐᱑ | parents = ᱴᱤᱵᱩᱨᱟᱢ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ (ᱵᱟᱵᱟ)<br>ᱱᱳᱦᱟ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ (ᱟᱭᱳ) | occupation = ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ, ᱠᱟᱹᱦᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ | known_for = ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱦᱱᱤ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ, ''ᱩᱞᱪᱟᱠᱟᱛᱤ'' | relatives = ᱯᱨᱚᱯᱷᱮᱥᱚᱨ ᱠᱮ. ᱥᱤ. ᱴᱩᱰᱩ (ᱵᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱡᱽ) }} '''ᱪᱩᱱᱠᱩᱨᱟᱢ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ''' (᱒᱐ ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ ᱑᱙᱒᱓ – ᱑᱘ ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ ᱒᱐᱐᱑) ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ 'ᱠᱟᱹᱦᱱᱤ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ' (ᱠᱟᱹᱦᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ) ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮᱭ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name="Tudu2020">{{Cite book |last=ᱴᱩᱰᱩ |first=ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱚ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ |title=ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱢᱚᱱᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱨᱟ |publisher=ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱟᱵᱚᱛᱤ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ |year=2020 |edition=2nd |page=95}}</ref> == ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ == ᱪᱩᱱᱠᱩᱨᱟᱢ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ ᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱥᱤᱝᱵᱷᱩᱢ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ 'ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱫᱚᱦᱟ' ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱒᱐ ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ ᱑᱙᱒᱓ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱢᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱔ ᱥᱨᱟᱵᱚᱱ ᱑᱓᱓᱐ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱡ ᱵᱟᱵᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱴᱤᱵᱩᱨᱟᱢ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱭᱳᱣᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱳᱦᱟ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱘ ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ ᱒᱐᱐᱑ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱪᱩᱱᱠᱩᱨᱟᱢ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱯᱨᱚᱯᱷᱮᱥᱚᱨ ᱠᱮ. ᱥᱤ. ᱴᱩᱰᱩ ᱭᱤᱡ ᱠᱟᱠᱟ ᱛᱮᱫ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾<ref name="Tudu2020"/> == ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ == ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱟᱥᱚᱠᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱦᱱᱤ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱔᱑ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ''ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ'' ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ''ᱩᱞᱪᱟᱠᱟᱛᱤ'' ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱦᱱᱤ ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱠᱟᱹᱦᱱᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱸᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱵᱮᱜᱚᱨ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱸᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ:<ref name="Tudu2020"/> * ''ᱩᱞᱪᱟᱠᱟᱛᱤ'' (ᱠᱟᱹᱦᱱᱤ - ᱑᱙᱔᱑) * ''ᱨᱤᱸᱡᱟᱹ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ'' (ᱠᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ) * ''ᱨᱩ ᱨᱟᱦᱟ'' == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == <references /> <ref name="Tudu2020">{{Cite book |last=ᱴᱩᱰᱩ |first=ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱚ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ |title=ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱢᱚᱱᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱨᱟ |publisher=ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱟᱵᱚᱛᱤ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ |year=2020 |edition=2nd |page=95}}</ref> [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ]] 2m2yzu5dk1i3mr846um69dnr32zr4wr 0 36833 194443 2026-07-13T11:37:19Z Bijendra Hansda Purudhul 346 "{{Infobox military person | name = ᱞᱩᱵᱤᱭᱟ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱧᱡᱷᱤ | image = | caption = | birth_date = ᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ (᱑᱙ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ) | birth_place = ᱦᱟᱡᱟᱨᱤᱵᱟᱜᱽ/ᱜᱤᱨᱤᱰᱤᱦ, ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ, ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ | death_date = ᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ (᱑᱘᱕᱕-᱕᱖ ᱨᱮᱱ..." ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ 194443 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox military person | name = ᱞᱩᱵᱤᱭᱟ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱧᱡᱷᱤ | image = | caption = | birth_date = ᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ (᱑᱙ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ) | birth_place = ᱦᱟᱡᱟᱨᱤᱵᱟᱜᱽ/ᱜᱤᱨᱤᱰᱤᱦ, ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ, ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ | death_date = ᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ (᱑᱘᱕᱕-᱕᱖ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱩᱞ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ) | death_place = ᱦᱟᱡᱟᱨᱤᱵᱟᱜᱽ, ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ | nationality = ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ (ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ) | allegiance = ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱦᱩᱞ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ | rank = ᱞᱚᱠᱟᱞ ᱠᱚᱢᱟᱱᱰᱟᱨ / ᱦᱩᱞᱜᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ | commands = ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱪᱷᱚᱴᱟᱱᱟᱜᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱦᱩᱞᱜᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ | battles = ᱑᱘NT-᱕᱖ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱦᱩᱞ (ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱵᱤᱨᱩᱫᱷ) | monuments = }} '''ᱞᱩᱵᱤᱭᱟ ᱢᱟᱹᱧᱡᱷᱤ''' (ᱤᱝᱨᱟᱹᱡᱤ: Lubia Manjhi) ᱫᱚ ᱑᱘᱕᱕ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ [[ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱦᱩᱞ]] ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱦᱩᱞᱜᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱭᱩᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱪᱷᱚᱴᱟᱱᱟᱜᱽᱯᱩᱨ (ᱦᱟᱡᱟᱨᱤᱵᱟᱜᱽ, ᱜᱤᱨᱤᱰᱤᱦ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱚᱠᱟᱨᱚ) ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱽᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱩᱫᱽᱠᱷᱳᱨ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱡᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱤᱨᱩᱫᱷ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱞᱮ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱤᱫᱳ-ᱠᱟᱹᱱᱦᱩ, ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱽ-ᱵᱷᱟᱭᱨᱳ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱷᱩᱞᱳ-ᱡᱷᱟᱱᱳ ᱛᱮᱠᱳ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱢᱮᱥᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱝᱜᱮᱞ ᱮ ᱥᱟᱞᱜᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name="gazetteer"/> == ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ == ᱞᱩᱵᱤᱭᱟ ᱢᱟᱹᱧᱡᱷᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱽᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱡᱟᱨᱤᱵᱟᱜᱽ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ (ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱵᱟᱜᱳᱫᱟᱨ, ᱴᱟᱴᱤᱡᱷᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟ-ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱯᱳ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ) ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱟᱹᱧᱡᱷᱤ ᱦᱟᱲᱟᱢ (ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱢᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ) ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱼᱟᱜ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ == ᱦᱩᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱩᱨᱤᱞᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ == ᱑᱘᱕᱕ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱚᱜᱽᱱᱟᱰᱤᱦ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱩᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱮᱱᱟ, ᱩᱱ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱞᱩᱵᱤᱭᱟ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱡᱷᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱭᱨᱩ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱡᱷᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱨᱡᱩᱱ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱡᱷᱤ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱢᱮᱥᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱟᱡᱟᱨᱤᱵᱟᱜᱽ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱲᱚᱜᱽᱰᱤᱦᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱩᱢᱤᱫᱽ ᱠᱮᱫ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾<ref name="datta"/> ᱞᱩᱵᱤᱭᱟ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱡᱷᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱯᱷᱟᱹᱫᱽ ᱵᱤᱨᱩᱫᱷ ᱨᱮ '''ᱜᱩᱨᱤᱞᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ''' (Guerilla Warfare) ᱮ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱩᱠᱩ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱰᱟᱠ ᱵᱮᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱟᱡᱽᱱᱟ ᱞᱩᱴ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱷᱩᱠᱟᱹᱢ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾<ref name="review"/> ᱦᱟᱡᱟᱨᱤᱵᱟᱜᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱞ ᱱᱩᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱞᱚ (Martial Law) ᱞᱟᱜᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱫᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{reflist|references= <ref name="gazetteer">E. Lister, ICS, ''Hazaribagh District Gazetteer'', 1917, Chapter: History.</ref> <ref name="datta">Dr. K. K. Datta, ''The Santal Insurrection of 1855-57'', University of Calcutta, 1940.</ref> <ref name="review">''The Calcutta Review'', Vol. 26, 1856, "The Santhal Rebellion" chapter.</ref> }} [[Category:ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱦᱩᱞᱜᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]] [[Category:ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱠᱚ]] blwd6d41p9jgnkaf7t7xcsgvm6kx71a 194444 194443 2026-07-13T11:38:52Z Bijendra Hansda Purudhul 346 194444 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox military person | name = ᱞᱩᱵᱤᱭᱟ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱧᱡᱷᱤ | image = | caption = | birth_date = ᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ (᱑᱙ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ) | birth_place = ᱦᱟᱡᱟᱨᱤᱵᱟᱜᱽ/ᱜᱤᱨᱤᱰᱤᱦ, ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ, ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ | death_date = ᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ (᱑᱘᱕᱕-᱕᱖ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱩᱞ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ) | death_place = ᱦᱟᱡᱟᱨᱤᱵᱟᱜᱽ, ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ | nationality = ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ (ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ) | allegiance = ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱦᱩᱞ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ | rank = ᱞᱚᱠᱟᱞ ᱠᱚᱢᱟᱱᱰᱟᱨ / ᱦᱩᱞᱜᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ | commands = ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱪᱷᱚᱴᱟᱱᱟᱜᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱦᱩᱞᱜᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ | battles = ᱑᱘NT-᱕᱖ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱦᱩᱞ (ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱵᱤᱨᱩᱫᱷ) | monuments = }} '''ᱞᱩᱵᱤᱭᱟ ᱢᱟᱹᱧᱡᱷᱤ''' (ᱤᱝᱨᱟᱹᱡᱤ: Lubia Manjhi) ᱫᱚ ᱑᱘᱕᱕ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ [[ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱦᱩᱞ]] ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱦᱩᱞᱜᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱭᱩᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱪᱷᱚᱴᱟᱱᱟᱜᱽᱯᱩᱨ (ᱦᱟᱡᱟᱨᱤᱵᱟᱜᱽ, ᱜᱤᱨᱤᱰᱤᱦ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱚᱠᱟᱨᱚ) ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱽᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱩᱫᱽᱠᱷᱳᱨ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱡᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱤᱨᱩᱫᱷ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱞᱮ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱤᱫᱳ-ᱠᱟᱹᱱᱦᱩ, ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱽ-ᱵᱷᱟᱭᱨᱳ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱷᱩᱞᱳ-ᱡᱷᱟᱱᱳ ᱛᱮᱠᱳ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱢᱮᱥᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱝᱜᱮᱞ ᱮ ᱥᱟᱞᱜᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name="gazetteer"/> == ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ == ᱞᱩᱵᱤᱭᱟ ᱢᱟᱹᱧᱡᱷᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱽᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱡᱟᱨᱤᱵᱟᱜᱽ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ (ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱵᱟᱜᱳᱫᱟᱨ, ᱴᱟᱴᱤᱡᱷᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟ-ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱯᱳ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ) ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱟᱹᱧᱡᱷᱤ ᱦᱟᱲᱟᱢ (ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱢᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ) ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱼᱟᱜ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ == ᱦᱩᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱩᱨᱤᱞᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ == ᱑᱘᱕᱕ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱚᱜᱽᱱᱟᱰᱤᱦ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱩᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱮᱱᱟ, ᱩᱱ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱞᱩᱵᱤᱭᱟ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱡᱷᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱭᱨᱩ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱡᱷᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱨᱡᱩᱱ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱡᱷᱤ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱢᱮᱥᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱟᱡᱟᱨᱤᱵᱟᱜᱽ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱲᱚᱜᱽᱰᱤᱦᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱩᱢᱤᱫᱽ ᱠᱮᱫ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾<ref name="datta"/> ᱞᱩᱵᱤᱭᱟ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱡᱷᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱯᱷᱟᱹᱫᱽ ᱵᱤᱨᱩᱫᱷ ᱨᱮ '''ᱜᱩᱨᱤᱞᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ''' ᱮ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱩᱠᱩ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱰᱟᱠ ᱵᱮᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱟᱡᱽᱱᱟ ᱞᱩᱴ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱷᱩᱠᱟᱹᱢ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾<ref name="review"/> ᱦᱟᱡᱟᱨᱤᱵᱟᱜᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱞ ᱱᱩᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱞᱚ (Martial Law) ᱞᱟᱜᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱫᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{reflist|references= <ref name="gazetteer">E. Lister, ICS, ''Hazaribagh District Gazetteer'', 1917, Chapter: History.</ref> <ref name="datta">Dr. K. K. Datta, ''The Santal Insurrection of 1855-57'', University of Calcutta, 1940.</ref> <ref name="review">''The Calcutta Review'', Vol. 26, 1856, "The Santhal Rebellion" chapter.</ref> }} [[Category:ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱦᱩᱞᱜᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]] [[Category:ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱠᱚ]] hikfvjw00nilnbst05ngan0hhvus8u2 194446 194444 2026-07-13T11:40:03Z Bijendra Hansda Purudhul 346 194446 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox military person | name = ᱞᱩᱵᱤᱭᱟ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱧᱡᱷᱤ | image = | caption = | birth_date = ᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ (᱑᱙ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ) | birth_place = ᱦᱟᱡᱟᱨᱤᱵᱟᱜᱽ/ᱜᱤᱨᱤᱰᱤᱦ, ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ, ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ | death_date = ᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ (᱑᱘᱕᱕-᱕᱖ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱩᱞ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ) | death_place = ᱦᱟᱡᱟᱨᱤᱵᱟᱜᱽ, ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ | nationality = ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ (ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ) | allegiance = ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱦᱩᱞ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ | rank = ᱞᱚᱠᱟᱞ ᱠᱚᱢᱟᱱᱰᱟᱨ / ᱦᱩᱞᱜᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ | commands = ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱪᱷᱚᱴᱟᱱᱟᱜᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱦᱩᱞᱜᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ | battles = ᱑᱘NT-᱕᱖ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱦᱩᱞ (ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱵᱤᱨᱩᱫᱷ) | monuments = }} '''ᱞᱩᱵᱤᱭᱟ ᱢᱟᱹᱧᱡᱷᱤ''' (ᱤᱝᱨᱟᱹᱡᱤ: Lubia Manjhi) ᱫᱚ ᱑᱘᱕᱕ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ [[ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱦᱩᱞ]] ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱦᱩᱞᱜᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱭᱩᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱪᱷᱚᱴᱟᱱᱟᱜᱽᱯᱩᱨ (ᱦᱟᱡᱟᱨᱤᱵᱟᱜᱽ, ᱜᱤᱨᱤᱰᱤᱦ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱚᱠᱟᱨᱚ) ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱽᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱩᱫᱽᱠᱷᱳᱨ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱡᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱤᱨᱩᱫᱷ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱞᱮ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱤᱫᱳ-ᱠᱟᱹᱱᱦᱩ, ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱽ-ᱵᱷᱟᱭᱨᱳ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱷᱩᱞᱳ-ᱡᱷᱟᱱᱳ ᱛᱮᱠᱳ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱢᱮᱥᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱝᱜᱮᱞ ᱮ ᱥᱟᱞᱜᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾<ref name="gazetteer"/> == ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ == ᱞᱩᱵᱤᱭᱟ ᱢᱟᱹᱧᱡᱷᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱽᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱡᱟᱨᱤᱵᱟᱜᱽ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ (ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱵᱟᱜᱳᱫᱟᱨ, ᱴᱟᱴᱤᱡᱷᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟ-ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱯᱳ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ) ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱟᱹᱧᱡᱷᱤ ᱦᱟᱲᱟᱢ (ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱢᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ) ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱼᱟᱜ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ == ᱦᱩᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱩᱨᱤᱞᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ == ᱑᱘᱕᱕ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱚᱜᱽᱱᱟᱰᱤᱦ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱩᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱮᱱᱟ, ᱩᱱ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱞᱩᱵᱤᱭᱟ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱡᱷᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱭᱨᱩ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱡᱷᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱨᱡᱩᱱ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱡᱷᱤ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱢᱮᱥᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱟᱡᱟᱨᱤᱵᱟᱜᱽ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱲᱚᱜᱽᱰᱤᱦᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱩᱢᱤᱫᱽ ᱠᱮᱫ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾<ref name="datta"/> ᱞᱩᱵᱤᱭᱟ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱡᱷᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱯᱷᱟᱹᱫᱽ ᱵᱤᱨᱩᱫᱷ ᱨᱮ '''ᱜᱩᱨᱤᱞᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ''' ᱮ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱩᱠᱩ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱽᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱰᱟᱠ ᱵᱮᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱟᱡᱽᱱᱟ ᱞᱩᱴ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱷᱩᱠᱟᱹᱢ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾<ref name="review"/> ᱦᱟᱡᱟᱨᱤᱵᱟᱜᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱞ ᱱᱩᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱵᱽᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱞᱳ ᱞᱟᱜᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱫᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ == ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ == {{reflist|references= <ref name="gazetteer">E. Lister, ICS, ''Hazaribagh District Gazetteer'', 1917, Chapter: History.</ref> <ref name="datta">Dr. K. K. Datta, ''The Santal Insurrection of 1855-57'', University of Calcutta, 1940.</ref> <ref name="review">''The Calcutta Review'', Vol. 26, 1856, "The Santhal Rebellion" chapter.</ref> }} [[Category:ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱦᱩᱞᱜᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]] [[Category:ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱠᱚ]] qq2nvncljrfpah4fb9cedjog5vh52gy