විකිපීඩියා
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https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A_%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%A7%E0%B7%94%E0%B7%80
MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.8
first-letter
මාධ්යය
විශේෂ
සාකච්ඡාව
පරිශීලක
පරිශීලක සාකච්ඡාව
විකිපීඩියා
විකිපීඩියා සාකච්ඡාව
ගොනුව
ගොනුව සාකච්ඡාව
මාධ්යවිකි
මාධ්යවිකි සාකච්ඡාව
සැකිල්ල
සැකිලි සාකච්ඡාව
උදවු
උදවු සාකච්ඡාව
ප්රවර්ගය
ප්රවර්ග සාකච්ඡාව
ද්වාරය
ද්වාරය සාකච්ඡාව
MOS
MOS talk
TimedText
TimedText talk
Module
Module talk
Event
Event talk
ශ්රී ලංකාවේ සාම්ප්රදායික වෛද්යක්රම
0
8044
794803
791451
2026-06-25T16:52:26Z
RMASRathnayaka
79533
/* පැරණි ආරෝග්යශාලාවන්හි සහ වෛද්ය මෙවලම් හා උපකරණ වල නටඹුන් */
794803
wikitext
text/x-wiki
[[රූපය:Charak.jpg|thumb|ආයුර්වේද වෛද්ය ක්රමයේ පියා - චරක සෘෂි- ඉන්දියාව|right]]
ආයුර්වේද වෛද්ය ක්රමය ශ්රී ලංකාවට හඳුන්වා දීමට පෙර පැවති වෛද්ය ක්රමය වූයේ පාරම්පරිකව පැවත ආ "දේශීය චිකිත්සාව" හෙවත් [[සිංහල වෙදකම]]යි. ශ්රී ලංකාවට ආයුර්වේදය හඳුන්වා දීමටත් පෙර ලොව දියුණුම වෛද්ය විද්යාව වන දේශීය හෙළ වෙදකම ලංකාව සතු විය. ආයුර්වේදය ශ්රී ලංකාවට ලැබුනේ අවුරුදු තුන්දහසකටත් අධික කාලයක් තිස්සේ එය වැඩී වර්ධනය වූ ඉන්දියාව වෙතිනි.කෙසේ නමුත් වර්තමානයේ ශ්රී ලංකාවේ ආයුර්වේද වෛද්ය ක්රමය උතුරු ඉන්දීය ආයුර්වේද වෛද්ය සම්ප්රදාය, දකුණු ඉන්දීය සිද්ධ වෛද්ය සම්ප්රදාය, අරාබි යුනානි වෛද්ය සම්ප්රදාය සමග පවතින්නකි. එසේ වුවද ශ්රී ලංකාව ස්වකීය හෙළ වෛද්ය ක්රමය ආවේනික සම්ප්රදායක් තුළ පවත්වා ගෙන යන අනන්ය වෛද්ය විද්යාවක් ලෙස පිළිගෙන තිබේ.
==දේශීය ඖෂධ යනු==
ආයුෂ පවත්වා ගෙන යාමේ විද්යාව යනු ආයුර්වේදය යන්නෙහි අදහසයි. ආයුර්වේද වෛද්ය ක්රමය නිවාරණය පදනම් කර ගත්තකි. එහි ප්රතිකාර ක්රම මෙන්ම ඇවතුම් - පැවතුම් ක්රම හා වත් පිළිවෙත් ද පවතී. හුදෙක් රෝගයකට ප්රතිකාර කිරීමට වඩා රෝගයන්ට ගොදුරු නොවන පරිදි කායික - මානසික දෙ අංශයෙන්ම සුවදායී සෞඛ්යමත් ජීවිතයක් පවත්වා ගෙන යාම ආයුර්වේදය මගින් අදහස් කෙරේ.
आयु़्रश्मिन् विद्य तेनेनवा आयुर् विन्दतिति आयुर्वेद:
ආයුෂ පිළිබද ඉගැන්වන බැව්න් ආයුර්වෙදය නම් වේ.
==ශ්රී ලංකාවේ පාරම්පරික හෙළ වෛද්ය ක්රමය පිළිබඳ මූලාශ්ර==
ඓතිහාසික ග්රන්ථ හා පුරා විද්යාත්මක සාධක යනාදිය ඉපැරණි ශ්රී ලංකාවේ දියුණු,ව්යාප්ත එමෙන්ම විධිමත් දේශීය පාරම්පරික වෛද්ය ක්රමයක් පැවති බව සනාථ කරයි.
===ඓතිහාසික ග්රන්ථ - මහාවංශය===
ආරෝග්යශාලා ඉදිකිරීම, ඖෂධ හා ආහාර පාන වැනි දෑ සම්පාදනය කිරීම පිළිබඳ ව මහාවංශයෙහි තොරතුරු දැක්වේ.
===පුරාවිද්යාත්මක සාධක===
====සිංහල ශිලා ලේඛන====
මුල් කාලීන බ්රාහ්මී ශිලා ලේඛන වල මේ පිළිබඳ ව සඳහන් නොවේ. නමුත් සෞඛ්යාරක්ෂාව පවත්වා ගෙන යාම,නිරෝගී සම්පත ආදී කරුණු පිළිබඳ ව මෙන්ම ආරෝග්යශාලා පිහිටුවීම හා සම්බන්ධ කරුණු ද සිංහල ශිලා ලේඛන මගින් දක්වයි.
උදාහරණ
මැදිරිගිරිය ආරාම සංකීර්ණයේ පිහිටි ආරෝග්යශාලාව සම්බන්ධ නීති රීති දක්වන vi මිහිඳු රජුගේ මැදිරිගිරිය පුවරු ලිපිය
iv වන දප්පුල රජු විසින් ප්රධාන වෛද්යවරයෙකු වෙත ගම්වරයක් ප්රදානය කිරීම පිළිබඳ ව දැක්වෙන දෙවන දොරබාවිල ටැම් ලිපිය
====පැරණි ආරෝග්යශාලාවන්හි සහ වෛද්ය මෙවලම් හා උපකරණ වල නටඹුන්====
මිහින්තලේ,මැදිරිගිරිය,ආළාහණ පිරිවෙණ, ආදී ස්ථාන වලින් මෙම නෂ්ටාවශේෂ හමුවී තිබේ.
[[File:World oldest hospital Mihintale.jpg|thumb|ලොව පැරණිතම ආරෝග්යශාලාවේ නටඹුන්-ශ්රී ලංකාව]]
==ආරෝග්යශාලා==
මහාවංශය දක්වන පරිදි ශ්රී ලංකාවේ ආරෝග්යශාලා ඉදි කිරීම ක්රි.පූ.4 වන සියවසේ [[පණ්ඩුකාභය රජ]] සමය තරම් ඈත අතීතයකට දිවෙයි. ආරෝග්යශාලා ඉදි කිරීම පිළිබඳ අදහස පැහැදිලිවම බෞද්ධ සංකල්පයකි. මිහින්තලේ ආරාම සංකීර්ණයෙහි පිහිටුවා තිබූ ආරෝග්යශාලාවෙහි නටඹුන් වලට අනුව එය ලෝකයේ ප්රථම විධිමත් ආරෝග්යශාලාව වන බවට විශ්වාස කරයි. ශ්රී ලංකාවේ ආරෝග්යශාලා පිළිබඳ තොරතුරු ලබා ගත හැකි වැදගත්ම මූලාශ්රය වන්නේ මහාවංශයයි.
පැරණි ශ්රී ලංකාවේ ආරෝග්යශාලා
1.ගෘහස්ථයන් සඳහා වන ආරෝග්යශාලා
2.ආරාමිකයන් සඳහා වන ආරෝග්යශාලා
වශයෙන් දෙවර්ගයක් යටතේ හඳුනා ගත හැකිය. මහාවංශයෙහි තොරතුරු දක්වන්නේ ගෘහස්ථයන් සඳහා වන ආරෝග්යශාලා පිහිටුවීම සම්බන්ධයෙන් පමණි. ආරාමිකයන් සඳහා ඉදි කළ ආරෝග්යශාලා පිළිබඳ තොරතුරු ටැම් ලිපි ආදී ශිලා ලේඛන මගින් ද අනුරාධපුර, පොළෙනේනරුව වැනි ප්රදේශයන් වලින් හමුවූ නටඹුන් මගින් ද හෙළිදරව් වේ.
[[රූපය:Ancient_aurvedic_hospital.gif|thumb|ඉපැරණි රෝහල් සංකීර්ණයක්- රිටිගල|right]]
===ගෘහස්ථයන් සඳහා වන ආරෝග්යශාලා===
රටේ ප්රධාන පුරවැසියා වූ රජුගේ මාළිඟාවට යාව "බෙහෙත් ගේ " නමින් ස්ථිර වෛද්යාගාරයක් පිහිටුවා තිබිණි. මේ පිළිවෙත මහනුවර රාජධානි සමය වන තුරු පැවතිණි.
පොදු ජනතාවගේ ප්රයේජනය පිණිස ආරෝග්යශාලා පිහිටුවීම රාජානුග්රහය මත සිදුවිය. ඒවා රෝගීන්ට නැවතී ප්රතිකාර ලැබීමට සුදුසු පරිදි සැළසුම් කර තිබිණි. එනම් නැවතී සිටීම පිණිස සාදන ලද්දේ යයි සැළකෙන කුටි වටේට මැද මිදුලක් හා ඊට යාබද ව පිහිටි පොදු පහසුකම් සහිත කාමර වලින් වටවූ දෙවන මිදුලක් ලෙස සැළසුම් කර ඇත.
විශේෂ සේවා ආරෝග්යශාලා ගණනාවක් ද පැරණි ශ්රී ලංකාවෙහි ඉදිකොට තිබිණි.මින් බොහොමයක් ඉදිකොට තිබුණේ අනුරාධපුර නගරයේය.
බුද්ධදාස රජු (ක්රි.ව. 362-409)
ධාතුසේන රජු (ක්රි.ව. 460-478)
ii උපතිස්ස රජු (ක්රි.ව. 522-524)
i උදය රජ (ක්රි.ව. 790-792)
යන රජවරුන් ආබාධිත සහ කොර තැනැත්තන් සඳහා රෝහල් පිහිටුවා තිබේ.
බුද්ධදාස
ii උපතිස්ස යන රජවරුන් අන්ධ තැනැත්තන් සඳහා විශේෂ රෝහල් පිහිටුවා තිබේ.
මුල්ම මාතෘ නිවාසය ඉදිකරන ලද්දේ ii උපතිස්ස රජු විසිනැයි සෙල් ලිපියක සඳහන් වේ.
===ආරාමිකයන් සඳහා වන ආරෝග්යශාලා===
අනුරාධපුර, පොළොන්නරුව යන නගර ආශ්රිතව භික්ෂුන් වහන්සේ දෙදහසකට පමණ වාසය කළ හැකි ආරාම සංකීර්ණ පිහිටුවා තිබූ අතර ඒවායේ ආරෝග්යශාලා ද ඉදි කර තිබිණ. පැරණි ආරෝග්යශාලා වල නටඹුන් මෙතෙක් මතු කර ගැනීමට හැකිවී ඇත්තේ මිහින්තලේ,මැදිරිගිරිය,ආළාහණ පිරිවෙණ, ආදී ආරාම භූමි ප්රදේශ වලින් පමණි. මේ ස්ථාන වල තිබී සෙල් මුවා(ගලින් කරන ලද) බෙහෙත් ඔරු සහ වෛද්ය උපකරණ හමුවී තිබේ. මීට අමතරව මැදිරිගිරිය ආරාම සංකීර්ණයේ පිහිටි ආරෝග්යශාලාව සම්බන්ධ නීති රීති දක්වන සෙල් ලිපියක් ද එම භූමි ප්රදේශයෙන් හමු වී තිබේ.
==බෙහෙත් ඔරු සහ වෛද්ය උපකරණ==
බෙහෙත් ඔරුව පැරණි වෛද්ය ක්රමයේ අපූර්ව නිර්මාණයකි. බෙහෙත් ඔරුවක් මුල් වරට සොයා ගත්තේ ඉතිහාසඥ එච්. සී. පී.බෙල් මහතා විසිනි. ඒ 1886 දී ථූපාරාම විහාර භූමිය ආශ්රිත නටඹුන් වලිනි.
ඖෂධීය දියර බෙහෙත් ඔරුවෙහි බහා ඒ මත රෝගී පුද්ගලයා ගිල්වා කරන ප්රතිකාර විධිය "අවගාහන කායික චිකිත්සාව" ලෙස හැඳින්වේ. අනුරාධපුර,මිහින්තලේ,මැදිරිගිරිය,දීඝවාපිය ආදී ස්ථාන වලින් මෙම බෙහෙත් ඔරු හමුවී තිබේ. ඒවා නව වන සියවස තරම් ඈත අතීතයකට හිමිකම් කියයි.
තවද බුද්ධඝෝෂ හිමියන් විසින් පස් වන සියවසේ දී සිංහලෙන් පාලි බසට පරිවර්තනය කරන ලද අටුවා ග්රන්ථයකට අනුව උණු දිය පුරවන ලද භාජනයක රෝගියෙකු බස්සවා එම උණු දියෙන් තවා කරන චිකිත්සා ක්රමයක් ගැන සඳහන් වේ. එනම් "නිමර්ජන චිකිත්සාව "ක්රි.පූ. 5 වන සියවස තරම් අතීතයේ සිට භාවිතා වී ඇත.
තනි ගල් කුට්ටියකින් නිර්මාණය කරන ලද බෙහෙත් ඔරුව වූකලී,ශරීරයේ හැඩය හා අනුරූප වන පරිදි හෑරීමෙන් සකස් කර ඇත.ඔසු දියර ෑපරිම ලෙස පිරිමසා ගැනීම සඳහා අවම ඔසු දියර ප්රමාණයක මුළු සිරුරම ගිල්විය හැකි පරිදි ඔරුවේ ඇතුළු පැත්ත සකස් කර තිබේ.
ශාක යුෂ,කිරි,ගිතෙල්,තෙල් වර්ග,විනාකිරි ආදිය යොදා ගනිමින් ඒ ඒ රෝගී තත්වයන් අනුව වෙනස් සංයෝග වලින් යුතු ඖෂධීය දියරයන් තනාගෙන තිබේ. මෙම චිකිත්සා ක්රමය චර්ම රෝග,වාත රක්තය,අර්ශස් සහ උණ වැනි රෝගී තත්ත්වයන් වලට ප්රතිකාර කිරීම සඳහා යොදා ගෙන තිබේ.
බෙහෙත් ඔරු වලට අමතරව බෙහෙත් ඇඹරුම් ගල්, ගලින් සහ වානේ වලින් සෑදු කතුරු හා පිහි වැනි ශල්ය වෛද්ය උපකරණද නටඹුන් අතර තිබී හමුවී ඇත.
==ඖෂධ වර්ග සහ චිකිත්සා ක්රම==
[[රූපය:Ayurveda_herbs.jpg|thumb|ඖෂධ වර්ග|right]]
ආයුර්වේදයේ භාවිතා වන ඖෂධ වර්ග වැඩි ගණනක ම මූලාශ්රය වන්නේ ශාකමය කොටස් ය. ඖෂධීය වටිනාකමක් ඇති ශාකයක පංචාංගය (මුල්,කොළ,පොතු,මල්,ඵල ) ඇසුරින් ඖෂධ නිපදවා තිබේ. ඔසු පැන්,යුෂ,තෛල,බෙහෙත් -ගුලි,කල්ක,ආසව,කෂාය,අරිෂ්ඨ ආදී වශයෙන් ආයුර්වේදයේ ඖෂධ මාධ්යයන් භාවිතා වී තිබේ. ශාක ඖෂධ වලට අමතරව මී පැණි, සත්ව මූලාශ්ර වලින් නිපදවෙන ඖෂධ මෙන්ම විවිධ පාෂාණ වර්ගද ඖෂධ වශයෙන් භාවිතා කර තිබේ.
ශ්රී ලංකාවේ ද ඔසු උයන් පවත්වා ගෙන ගොස් ඇති අතර මෙරට නොවැඩෙන ඖෂධ වර්ග ආනයනය කර තිබේ. සාම්ප්රදායික වෛද්ය විද්යාව,චිකිත්සා ක්රම,ස්වස්ථතාව පවත්වා ගෙන යාමේ ක්රම,සහ ඖෂධ නිෂ්පාදනය සම්බන්ධ මධ්යස්ථානයක් තිබූ බව රිටිගල නටඹුන් ඇසුරින් පෙනේ.
චිකිත්සා ක්රම සළකා බලන විට ඖෂධ පානය කිරීම පමණක් නොව ඖෂධීය තෙල් ගැල්වීම,සම්බාහනය,නස්ය කිරීම,සැත්කම් ආදිය සිදු කර තිබේ. මීට අමතරව දෛනික ව්යායාම්,යෝග හා භාවනා ක්රම ද ආහාර චර්යාවන් ද ප්රතිකාර ක්රම සමඟ බැඳී පැවතිණි.
==වෛද්යවරු==
දුරාතීතයේ වෛද්යවරු සමාජයේ සම්භාවනාවට හා ගෞරවාදරයට පත් වෘත්තිකයන් ලෙස පිළිගෙන ඇත. සිංහල රජවරුන් අතර වෛද්යවරුන් ලෙසද කටයුතු කර ඇත්තාහ. මේ නිසාම''' "රජ කෙනෙකු විය නොහැකි නම් වෙදැදුරෙකු වන්න"''' යනුවෙන් කියමනක් සිංහලයන් අතර ප්රචලිතව පවතී.
බුද්ධදාස රජු (ක්රි.ව. 362-409) එසේ වෙදකම් කළ රජවරුන් අතර පුරෝගාමී වේ. ඔහු අති දක්ෂ ශල්ය වෛද්යවරයෙකි. "සාරාර්ථ සංග්රහය" නම් වෛද්ය ග්රන්ථය රචනා කළේ එතුමාය. සතුන් ට පවා ඔහු වෙදකම් කර ඇත. vii වන අග්බෝ, [[පළමුවන පරාක්රමබාහු රජ|මහා පරාක්රමබාහු]] වැනි රජවරුන්ද වෛද්යවරුන් ලෙස සේවය කර ඇත. රජවරුන්ට අමතරව භික්ෂූන් වහන්සේලා ද වෛද්ය කර්මයෙහි නිරත වූහ. වෛද්ය අධ්යාපනය ලබා දීමේ පුරෝගාමීන් වූයේද භික්ෂූන් වහන්සේය.
==වෛද්ය ග්රන්ථ==
වෛද්ය ග්රන්ථ ලිවීම සඳහා වැඩි වශයෙන් යොදා ගෙන තිබුනේ සංස්කෘත භාෂාවයි. මුල් කාලීන ව උගතුන්ගේ භාෂාවන් වූයේ ද පාලි සහ සංස්කෘත භාෂාවන්ය. මේ භාෂා දෙකෙහිම නිපුණත්වය ලැබූ බහුතරය වූ භික්ෂූන් වහන්සේ ලා විසින් වෛද්ය ග්රන්ථ ලියූ අතරම සංස්කෘත වෛද්ය ග්රන්ථ සිංහලයට පරිවර්තනය කර තිබේ.
මුල් කාලීනව ග්රන්ථකරණයට යොදා ගත්තේ තල් පත් ඉරු වලින් තැනූ පුස්කොළ පොත්ය. ඒවායේ ලිවීම ඉතා දුෂ්කර සහ විශාල කාලයක් වැය වන්නක් වූ නිසා බොහෝ වෛද්යවරු දැනුම රැස් කර තබා ගත්තේ සිත් හි ධාරණය කර ගැනීමෙනි. ගද්යයට වඩා පද්යය පහසුවෙන් ධාරණය කර ගත හැකි වූ නිසා ඇතැම් වෛද්ය ක්රම සහ ඖෂධ වට්ටෝරු ආදිය පද්යයට නංවා මුඛ පරම්පරාගතව පවත්වා ගෙනැවිත්තිබේ. වර්තමානයේ දක්නට ලැබෙන පුස්කොළ පොත් වලින් බොහොමයක් ආයුර්වේද වෛද්ය ශාස්ත්රය අළලා ලියනු ලැබ ඇති අතර ඒවා දෙවන ස්ථානය ගන්නේ ධර්මය සම්බන්ධයෙන් ලියැවී ඇති පුස්කොළ පොත් වලට පමණි.
==වෛද්ය අධ්යාපනය==
වෛද්ය ශාස්ත්රය ඉගෙනීම භික්ෂූන් වහන්සේලාගේ සහ ප්රභූ පවුල් වල උපත ලැබූවන්ගේ වරප්රසාදයක් විය. පැරණි වෛද්ය අධ්යාපනයෙහි මුල් බිම වූයේ බෞද්ධ පන්සලයි. එසේම පැරණි පුස්කොළ පොත් එක් රැස් කර තිබුණේද එහිය.
වෛද්ය විද්යාව හැදෑරීමට අපේක්ෂා කරන්නන් විසින් එහි නිපුණ ආචාර්යවරයෙකු සොයා ගත යුතු විය. භික්ෂූන් වහන්සේ නමක් හෝ ගිහි වෛද්යාචාර්යවරයෙක් ගුරුවරයා විය.ශිෂ්යයා තුළ වෛද්ය විද්යාව ඉගෙනීමෙහි ලා සහජ දක්ෂතාවයක් පැවතීම සහ ශිෂ්යයා කෙරේ ආචාර්යවරයා තුළ ගොඩ නැඟෙන විශ්වසනීයත්වය වෙදකම පිළිබඳ ශාස්ත්රය පවරා දීමේදී වැදගත් වශයෙන් සළකා තිබේ.
බොහෝ විට පන්සලේ හෝ වෙදැදුරුතුමාගේ නිවසේ හෝ වසර ගණනක් වෙසෙමින් ශාස්ත්රය හදාළ යුතු විය. නමුත් අද වන විට ආයුර්වේද වෛද්ය අධ්යාපනය විශ්ව විද්යාල මට්ටමින් පුළුල් වී තිබේ.
==හෙළ වෛද්ය ක්රමය හා විදේශීන් ගේ බලපෑම==
අනුරාධපුර සහ පොළොන්නරු රාජධානි සමයන් හි දෙශීය හෙළ වෛද්ය ක්රමය ඉතා දියුණු මට්ටමක පැවතියද පොළොන්නරු රාජධානිය බිඳ වැටීමත් සමඟ එය පසුබෑමට ලක්විය. කෝට්ටේ යුගයෙහි දී පාරම්පරික හෙළ වෛද්ය ශාස්ත්රය යම් පමණකින් හෝ නඟා සිටුවීමට උත්සාහ ගන්නා ලද්දේ 1707 දී රජකමට පත් නරේන්ද්රසිංහ රජු විසිනි. එතුමාගේ ආරාධනාව පරිදි වැලිවිට සරණංකර සඟරජ හිමිපාණන් විසින් " භේසජ්ජ මඤ්ජුසා" නම් පාලි වෛද්ය ග්රන්ථය සිංහලයට පරිවර්තනය කරන ලදි. සියවස් ගණනාවක් තිස්සේ ශ්රී ලාංකීය ජනතාව සිය සෞඛ්යය පවත්වා ගෙන යාම සඳහා භාවිතා කළ සිංහල වෛද්ය ක්රමය1505 දී පෘතුගීසින් ගේ ආක්රමණයත් සමඟ සැළකිය යුතු ලෙස අභියෝගයට ලක් විය. පෘතුගීසි පාලන සමයේ කොළඹ, යාපනය සහ මන්නාරම යන නගරයන්හි රෝහල් පිහිටුවන ලදි. ලන්දේසින් විසින් එක් එක් ආරෝග්යශාලාවට දේශීය වෛද්යවරයෙකු බැගින් පත්කරනු ලැබීය. ඒ ලන්දේසි වෛද්යවරයාට සහය වීම පිණිසය.
පෘතුගීසි හෝ ලන්දේසි මෙන් නොව බ්රිතාන්ය පාලකයෝ රට වැසියාට සෞඛ්ය සේවා සැපයීම සම්බන්ධයෙන් උනන්දුවක් දැක්වූහ. මේ කාලයේ විවිධ වසංගත රෝග පැගිර යාම සුලභ කරුණක් විය. ඒ නිසා ගම් මට්ටමින් ජංගම බෙහෙත් ශාලා පිහිටුවීමට බ්රිතාන්ය ජාතිකයෝ පියවර ගත් අතර බටහිර වෛද්ය ප්රතිකාර ක්රම ප්රචලිත කරවූහ. 1858දී මහජන සෞඛ්ය දෙපාර්තමේන්තුව පිහිටු වූ බ්රිතාන්ය පාලකයෝ බටහිර වෛද්ය ප්රතිකාර ක්රමය රජයේ වෛද්ය ක්රමය ලෙස දියුණු කළහ. මේ නිසා රට වැසියන් දේශීය හෙළ වෛද්ය ක්රමය වෙතින් ඈත් වීමට පටන් ගත්හ.
==ශ්රී ලංකාවේ වර්තමාන ආයුර්වේද වෛද්ය ක්රමය==
ශ්රී ලංකාවේ වර්තමානයේ පවා පුළුල් වශයෙන් ක්රියාත්මක වන්නේ බටහිර වෛද්ය ප්රතිකාර ක්රමයයි. නමුත් ආයුර්වේද වෛද්ය ක්රමයේ ද නව පිබිදීමක් දක්නට ඇත. විශෞෂයෙන් ශ්රී ලංකාව සංචාරකයන ආකර්ෂණය කරන තෝතැන්නක් බවට පත් වීමට ශ්රී ලංකාවේ දේශීය වෛද්ය ක්රමය හේතු වී තිබේ. ඒ හැර ශ්රී ලාංකිකයන් ද පෙරට වඩා වැඩි උනන්දුවක් ආයුර්වේද ප්රතිකාර ක්රම සහ වත් පිළිවෛත් කෙරේ දක්වති.
වර්තමානයේ ආයුර්වේද වෛද්ය වෘත්තිකයන් පුහුණු කිරීම විවිධ ආකාරයෙන් සිදුවේ. ඇතැම් විට බටහිර වෛද්ය සම්ප්රදායයන් අනුව ද වෛද්යවරු සහ හෙදියන් පුහුණු කෙරෙති. දේශීය වෛද්ය අමාත්යාංශයත් ඒ යටතේ පිහිටුවා ඇති ආයුර්වේද දෙපාර්තමේන්තුවත් ආයුර්වේද වෛද්ය ක්රමය සංවර්ධනය කිරීම හා ව්යාප්ත කිරීමෙහි ලා ප්රධාන කාර්යයක් ඉටු කරයි.
ආයුර්වේද වෛද්ය ක්රමය ඉගැන්වීම හා පුහුණු කිරීම විධිමත් අන්දමින් සිදු කෙරේ. ආයුර්වේද වෛද්ය වෘත්තිකයන් ලියාපදිංචි කිරීම මගින් පිළිගැනීමක්,ප්රමිතියක් සහ ආරක්ෂණයක් සපයා ඇත. 1961 අංක 31 ආයුර්වේද පනත යටතේ ආයුර්වේද වෛද්ය සභාව පිහිටුවා ඇති අතර එමගින් සහ පනත මගින් දක්වන සුදුසුකම් සපුරාලන තැනැත්තන් වෛද්ය වෘත්තිකයන් ලෙස ලියාපදිංචි කෙරෙනු ලැබේ. එසේ ලියාපදිංචිය ලබා ගත් වෛද්යවරුන්ට පමණක් "වෛද්යාචාර්ය" යන නාමය භාවිතා කිරීමට අවසර තිබේ. ආයුර්වේද වෛද්ය අධ්යාපනය උපාධි මට්ටමින් පිළිගැනීම දේශීය වෛද්ය විද්යායතනය මගින් සහ ආයුර්වේද වෛද්ය සභාව මගින් සිදු කරයි. ශ්රී ලංකාවේ කොළඹ විශ්වවිද්යාලයට අනුබද්ධ දේශිය වෛද්ය විද්යාතනය හා කැලණිය විශ්වවිද්යාලයට අනුබද්ධ ගම්පහ වික්රමාරච්චි විද්යායතනය ආයුර්වේද වෛද්ය ක්රමය සහ යුනානි වෛද්ය ක්රමය පිළිබඳ උපාධි පාඨමාලා පවත්වා ගෙන යයි.
==Picture Gallery ==
<gallery>
Image:Medicine2.jpg|ආයුර්වේද ඖෂධ- පංචාංගය
Image:Medicine_3.jpg|ආයුර්වේද ඖෂධ-තෛල වර්ග
Image:Ayurveda_medicine.jpg|ආයුර්වේද ඖෂධ
Image:Prepare.jpg|ආයුර්වේද ඖෂධ සකස් කිරීම
Image:Prepa.jpg|ආයුර්වේද ඖෂධ සකස් කිරීම
Image:Nasyam.gif|ආයුර්වේද ප්රතිකාර විධි - නස්යම්
Image:Theropy.jpg|ආයුර්වේද ප්රතිකාර විධි
Image:Theropy_a.jpg|ආයුර්වේද ප්රතිකාර විධි
Image:Theropy3.jpg|ආයුර්වේද ප්රතිකාර විධි
Image:Treatment.jpg|ආයුර්වේද ප්රතිකාර විධි
Image:Theropy5.jpg|ආයුර්වේද ප්රතිකාර විධි
Image:Theropy6.jpg|ආයුර්වේද ප්රතිකාර විධි
</gallery>
=මේවාත් බලන්න=
* [[ආයුර්වේදය]]
* [[සිංහල වෙදකම]]
==මූලාශ්ර==
අපේ සංස්කෘතික උරුමය. ද්වීතීය කාණ්ඩය,සංස්කෘතික හා ආගමික කටයුතු අමාත්යාංශය.1998
==අඩවියෙන් පිටත පිටු==
* [http://www.ayurveda.gov.lk Department of Ayurveda]
[[Category:ආයුර්වේදය]]
[[ප්රවර්ගය:භෙ සජ්ජ්ය මංජුසාව]]
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'''ඉංග්රීසි භාෂාව''' යනු [[එංගලන්තය|එංගලන්තයත්]] ගිණිකොනදිග ස්කොට්ලන්තයත් මුල්කොට ගෙන, [[අන්ග්ලෝ-සැක්සන්]] යුගයේ ගොඩනැගුණු භාෂාවකි. 18 වන සියවස තුළ [[එක්සත් රාජධානිය]] අත් කරගත් ආර්ථිකමය, විද්යාත්මක, දේශපාලනික, සංස්කෘතිකමය හා යුධමය දියුණුව හේතු කොට ගෙනත්, 20 වන සියවස තුළ [[ඇමෙරිකා එක්සත් ජනපදය]] අත් කරගත් එවැනිම ආකාරයේ දියුණුව හේතු කොටගෙනත් එය නූතනයේ [[ජාත්යන්තර බස|ජාත්යන්තර බසක්]] බවට පත් වී තිබේ. එමෙන්ම, ලෝක ව්යාපාරික කටයුතු, විද්යාත්මක කටයුතු ආදියේදී ප්රධාන භාෂාව වශයෙන් ගැනෙනුයේ ඉංග්රීසි භාෂාවයි. [[යුරෝපා සංගමය]] තුළ [[දෙවන බස|දෙවන බසක්]] ලෙසත්, සම්මත භාෂාවක් ලෙසත් භාවිත වන එය පොදුරාජ්ය මණ්ඩලීය රටවලත්, ලොව පුරා සංවිධාන බොහොමයකත් නිළ භාෂාව ලෙස භාවිතයට ගැනේ.
== ඉතිහාසය ==
ඉංග්රීසි භාෂාවේ විකාශනය ආරම්භ වී ඇත්තේ විවිධ ආකාර වූ ප්රාදේශීය වහර කීපයකිනි. නූතනයේදී 'පැරණි ඉංග්රීසි බස' (Old English) ලෙස හැඳින්වෙන මෙය, ක්රි.ව. 5 වන සියවසේ දී [[මහා බ්රිතාන්ය දූපත්]] වල නැගෙනහිර වෙරළ තීරයේ වාසය කළ අන්ග්ලෝ-සැක්සන්වරුන්ගේ බස විය. පසුකාලීනව සිදු වූ [[වයිකිං|වයිකිංවරුන්ගේ]] ආක්රමණ හේතුවෙන් ඉංග්රීසි බස තුළ [[නෝර්වීජියානු භාෂා]] ලක්ෂණද දක්නට ලැබේ.
1066 දී ප්රංශයේ නෝමැන්ඩි ප්රදේශයෙන් එංගලන්තයට එල්ල වූ [[නෝමන්]] ආක්රමණයෙන් පසුව පැරණි ඉංග්රීසි බස, නෝමන්-ප්රංශ වචන සහ [[අක්ෂර රීති]] විශාල වශයෙන් උකහා ගනිමින්, 'මධ්යතන ඉංග්රීසි බස' (Middle English) නමින් හැඳින්වෙන තත්වයට විකාශනය විය. ඉංග්රීසි භාෂාව හැඳින්වෙන 'English' වචනය බිඳී විත් ඇත්තේ 12 වැනි සියවසේදී ඇංගල්වරුන් (the Angles) භාවිතා කළ පැරණි ඉංග්රීසියේ 'englisc' යන්නෙනි.
'නූතන ඉංග්රීසි බස' (Modern English) මතු වූයේ 15 වැනි සියවසේ එංගලන්තයේ ඇති වූ 'the Great Vowel Shift' (මහා ස්වර විපර්යාසය) ලෙස නම් කෙරෙන විශාල උච්චාරණ වෙනස්කම් සමගය. ඉංග්රීසි බස අදටත් විවිධ විදේශ භාෂාවලින් වචන උපුටා ගන්නා අතර නව වචනද එයට එකතු වෙමින් පවතී. ඉංග්රීසියේ වචන ගණනාවක් - විශේෂයෙන් පාරිභාෂික වදන් - ලතින් හා ග්රීක මූලයන් පදනම් කරගෙන නිර්මාණය වී ඇත්තේය.
ඇතැම් අය ලොව ප්රථම ජාත්යන්තර සම්බන්ධීකරණ භාෂාව ලෙස හඳුන්වන නූතන ඉංග්රීසිය, අදහස් හුවමාරුව, විද්යාව, ව්යාපාර, ගුවන් ගමන්, විනෝදාස්වාදය, ජනමාධ්ය හා රාජ්ය තාන්ත්රික කටයුතු යන සියළු අංශවල ප්රධාන මෙන්ම ඇතැම් විට අත්යවශ්ය ජාත්යන්තර බස වේ. බ්රිතාන්ය අධිරාජ්යයේ වර්ධනයත් සමග එහි බ්රිතාන්ය දූපත්වලින් ඔබ්බට ව්යාප්ත වීම ඇරඹි අතර, 19 වැනි සියවසේ අවසාන කාලය වන විට එය සැබෑ වශයෙන්ම ලොව පුරා පැතිරී තිබිණි. බ්රිතාන්යය විසින් උතුරු ඇමරිකාව අත්පත් කර ගැනීමෙන් අනතුරුව එය ඇමරිකා එක්සත් ජනපදයේ සහ කැනඩාවේ ප්රධාන භාෂාව බවට පත් විය. ඇමරිකා එක්සත් ජනපදයේ තව දුරටත් වර්ධනය වෙමින් පවතින ආර්ථික හා සංස්කෘතික බලපෑම සහ දෙවන ලෝක සංග්රාමයෙන් පසු එය ලොව සුපිරි බලවතෙක් (global superpower) බවට පත් වීම ඉංග්රීසි බසේ ලොව පුරා ව්යාප්තිය වඩාත් වේගවත් කිරීමට මහත් සේ ඉවහල් වී ඇත.
ප්රමාණවත් ඉංග්රීසි දැනුමක් තිබීම වෛද්ය විද්යාව, පරිගණක තාක්ෂණය වැනි අංශ හා වෘත්තීන් ගණනාවක අත්යවශ්ය සාධකයක් බවට පත් වී ඇති අතර එහි ප්රතිඵලයක් ලෙස බිලියනයකට අධික පිරිසක් මූලික මට්ටමෙන් හෝ ඉංග්රීසි කතා කිරීමේ හැකියාව ලබා ඇත. එය එක්සත් ජාතීන්ගේ සංවිධානයේ නිළ භාෂා හයෙන්ද එකක් වේ.
ඇතැම් භාෂා විශාරදයන් පවසන පරිදි - අනෙක් ලෝක භාෂා සම්බන්ධයෙන් මෙන්ම - ඉංග්රීසියේ අති විශාල වර්ධනයේ එක් ප්රතිඵලයක් වී ඇත්තේ ලොව බොහෝ ප්රදේශවල, විශේෂයෙන් ඕස්ට්රේලියා-ආසියා කලාපයේ හා උතුරු ඇමරිකාවේ, දේශීය භාෂා විවිධත්වය අඩු වීමය. එහි ප්රබල බලපෑම ඇතැම් භාෂා හෝ ඒවාගේ යම් අංග ක්රමයෙන් භාවිතයෙන් ඉවත් වීමටද තව දුරටත් ඉවහල් වෙමින් පවතී. එසේම, භාෂා විපර්යාසයන්හි සංකීර්ණ හා වෙනස්වනසුළු රටා හඳුනන ඉතිහාසමය භාෂා විශාරදයන්ගේ (historical linguists) අවබෝධය වී ඇත්තේ, ඉංග්රීසිය භාවිතා කරන ප්රජාවන්ගේ විශාලත්වය සහ පැතිරීම මෙන්ම නොයෙකුත් උප භාෂාවලින් සමන්විත ඉංග්රීසියේ ස්වභාවයෙන්ම ඇති අභ්යන්තර විවිධත්වය නිසා ඒ තුළින් කාලයත් සමග එකිනෙකට වෙනස් වූ භාෂා සමූහයක් පැන නැගීමටද ඉඩ ඇති බවය.
== ජාත්යන්තර ඉංග්රීසි භාවිතය තුළ ඇති විවිධත්වය ==
ශ්රී ලංකාව 1815 දී සම්පූර්ණයෙන්ම බ්රිතාන්ය ආධිපත්යයට යටත් වීමෙන් පසුව ඉංග්රීසි ලංකාවේ පරිපාලන භාෂාව බවට පත් විය. එතැන් පටන් 1948 වන තුරුම ලංකාව ඔවුන්ගේ පාලනයට සෘජුවම ලක් වී සිටි නිසා ඒ වන විට මෙරටට ඔවුන්ගේ බසේ ආභාෂයත් සෑහෙන දුරට ලැබී තිබිණි.
ඒ අවධියේ ජාත්යන්තර තලයේ ඉංග්රීසි භාෂාවේ ප්රමිතිය හැටියට සැලකුණේද බ්රිතාන්ය ඉංග්රීසි භාවිතයයි (British English usage). ඊට හේතුව වුණේ බ්රිතාන්ය අධිරාජ්යය ලොව පුරා පැතිරුණ යටත් විජිත ඇතිව ඉතා බලවත් තත්වයක පැවතීමයි. කොතරම් ව්යාප්ත වී තිබුණාද කියතොත් එය 'හිරු නොබසින අධිරාජ්යය (the Empire on which the sun never sets)' ලෙසද හැඳින්විණි. (එනම් ඕනෑම වෙලාවක එයට අයත් වූ කිසියම් කොටසකට හිරු පායා තිබිණි.)
නමුත් 1939-1945 දී පැවති දෙවන ලෝක සංග්රාමයේදී (Second World War, World War II) බ්රිතාන්යයට විශාල පාඩු විඳීමට සිදු විය. එමෙන්ම ඒ වන විට බොහෝ යටත් විජිතවල නිදහස ලැබීමේ ව්යාපාර දියත් වී තිබූ නිසා, ලෝක යුද්ධයේදී එම රටවලින් උදව් ලබා සිටි බ්රිතාන්යයට ක්රම ක්රමයෙන් ඒවාට නිදහස ලබා දීමට සිදු වූවේය. ඔවුන්ගේ අධිරාජ්යයේ බලය මෙසේ පිරිහී ගියේය.
මේ කාලය වන විට ඇමරිකා එක්සත් ජනපදය (United States of America, U.S.A.) ආර්ථික වශයෙන් බල සම්පන්න රාජ්යයක් බවට පත් වී සිටියේය. බ්රිතාන්යය මෙන්ම යුරෝපයේ (Europe) අනෙකුත් රටවල්ද යුද්ධයෙන් විනාශයට පත් වී තිබීම ඇමරිකාවේ කැපී පෙනීමට තවත් හේතු විය. ඇමරිකාවත් බ්රිතාන්යට යටත්ව තිබී කලින්ම නිදහස ලබා තිබූ ජනපදවල එකතුවක් වූ නිසා එහි රාජ්ය භාෂාව වී තිබුණේද ඉංග්රීසියය. නමුත් ඔවුන් ඉංග්රීසි භාෂාව භාවිතා කළේ බ්රිතාන්ය සම්මතයට අනුවම නොවේ.
ඇමරිකාවේ නැගීමත් සමග ඔවුන්ගේ භාෂා ව්යවහාරයත් (American usage) ලොව තුළ පුමිතියක් ලෙස පිළිගැනීමට ලක් විණි. ඉංග්රීසි භාෂාව ඉගෙන ගන්නා සමහර රටවල බ්රීතාන්ය සම්ප්රදායද, එනෙක් රටවල ඇමරිකානු සම්ප්රදායද අනුගමනය කෙරෙන්නට ගැනිනි. ශ්රී ලංකාවේ නම් අදටත් යොදා ගැනෙන්නේ මූලික වශයෙන් බ්රිතාන්ය ඉංග්රීසියය. නමුත් ආර්ථික බලයත් සමග ඇමරිකාව විවිධ මාධ්ය ඔස්සේ අද ලෝකයේ ලබා තිබෙන සංස්කෘතික ආධිපත්යය (cultural dominance) නිසා ඔවුන්ගේ ව්යවහාරය ශ්රී ලංකාවටද දැන් - අඩු තරමින් විදේශීය මාධ්ය ඔසසේ - වැඩි වැඩියෙන් අත් දකින්නට ලැබේ. මේ සම්ප්රදායයන් දෙක අතර ඇති වෙනස්කම් විවිධාකාරය.
[පහත දැක්වෙන උදාහරණ කිහිපයේ මුලින් බ්රිතාන්ය සම්ප්රදායත් (British form), - ලකුණට පසුව ඇමරිකානු සම්ප්රදායත් (American form) දක්වා ඇත.]
=== වචන (vocabulary) ===
* lift– elevator විදුලි සෝපානය
* note / banknote – bill මුදල් නෝට්ටුව
* bonnet – hood (of a car) බොනට් එක (මෝටර් රථයක)
* boot – trunk (of a car) ඩිකිය (මෝටර් රථයක)
* windscreen – windshield වාහනයක ඉස්සරහ වීදුරුව
* lorry – truck ලොරිය
* car park – parking lot රථ ගාල
* roundabout - traffic circle / rotary මාර්ග වටරවුම
* merry-go-round / roundabout – carousel මෙරි ගෝ රවුම
* roundabout - merry-go-round බඹර ඔන්චිල්ලාව (ළමා උයන්වල ළමයි නැගී කැරකෙන රෝදය)
* Ferris wheel – big wheel කතුරු ඔන්චිල්ලාව
* railway – railroad රේල් පාර
* railway carriage / coach – railcar / car දුම්රිය මැදිරිය
* postman – mailman / postman ලියුම් බෙදන්නා
* flat - apartment මහල් නිවාසය
* ground floor – ground floor / first floor (ගොඩනැගිල්ලක) බිම් මහල
* first floor – second floor පළමු මහල (බිම් මහලට ඉහළ මහල)
* aluminium - aluminum ඇලුමිනියම්
* aeroplane - airplane ගුවන් යානය
* petrol - gasoline/gas පෙට්රල්
* pavement - sidewalk පදික වේදිකාව (ඇමරිකානුවන් pavement කියන්නේ පාරේ වාහන යන කොටසටයි)
=== ව්යවහාරය (usage) ===
* I have just read that article – I just read that article මම මේ දැන් ඒ ලිපිය කියෙව්වා
* He is in hospital – He is in the hospital එයා (අසනීප වෙලා) ඉස්පිරිතාලෙ.
* They like their studies at university - They like their studies at the university ඒ අය විශ්ව විද්යාලෙ තමන්ගෙ ඉගනීම් කටයුතුවලට කැමතියි.
* She wants to stay at home – She wants to stay home එයාට ගෙදර නවතින්න ඕනැ.
* Come and take a look – Come take a look ඇවිත් බලන්න
* Go and take a bath - Go take a bath ගිහින් නාගන්න
* He suggested that we should postpone the project – He suggested that we postpone the project ව්යාපෘතිය කල් දාන්න එයා යෝජනා කළා.
* They agreed a price / They agreed on a price – They agreed on a price ඔවුන් මිලකට එකඟ උනා.
* The workers protested against the decision - The workers protested the decision සේවකයන් තීරණයට විරෝධය ප්රකාශ කළා.
* We wrote her a letter / We wrote to her - We wrote her a letter / We wrote her අපි එයාට ලියුමක් ලිව්වා.
=== උච්චාරණය (pronunciation) ===
* fast /fɑːst/ - /fæst/ , dance / dɑːns/ - / dæns/ , class /klɑːs/ - /klæs/... වේගවත්/ව, නටනවා, පංතිය ...
* card /kɑːd/ - /kɑrd/ , part /pɑːt/ - /pɑrt/ , farm /fɑːm/ - /fɑrm/… කාඩ් පත, කොටස, ගොවිපොළ…
* fort /ˈfɔːt/- /fɔrt/ , form /fɔːm/ - /fɔrm/ , cord /kɔːd/ - /kɔrd/… බල කොටුව, පෝර්මය/ස්වරූපය, රැහැන...
* schedule /ˈʃɛdjuːl/ - /ˈskɛdʒʊəl/ කාර්ය සටහන/වැඩ පිළිවෙල
* leisure /ˈlɛʒə/ - /ˈliːʒər/ විවේකය
* secretary /ˈsɛkrətrɪ/ - /ˈsɛkrɪˌtɛri/ ලේකම්
* primary /ˈpraɪmərɪ/ - /ˈpraɪmɛri/ මූලික, ප්රධාන
* preparatory /prɪˈpærətərɪ -trɪ/ - /prɪˈpærəˌtɔri, -ˌtoʊri, ˈprɛpərə-/ සූදානමක් වශයෙන් කෙරෙන
* laboratory /ləˈbɒrətəri, -ətri/ - /ˈlæbrəˌtɔri, -ˌtoʊri/ පරීක්ෂණාගාරය
* glacier / ˈglæsɪə/ - /ˈgleɪʃər/ ග්ලැසියරය (චලනය වන අයිස් කන්ද)
=== අක්ෂර වින්යාසය (spelling) ===
* colour, harbour, neighbour… – color, harbor, neighbor… පැහැය, වරාය, අසල් වැසියා
* centre, litre, goitre… - center, liter, goiter කේන්ද්රය/මධ්යස්ථානය, ලීටරය, බෙල්ලේ වායු ගෙඩිය
* travelling, travelled, traveller – traveling, traveled, traveler සංචාරය කිරීම, සංචාරය කළා, සංචාරය කරන්නා [quarrel(රන්ඩු කරනවා), model(නිරූපනය කරනවා), signal(සංඥා කරනවා) ආදියත් මෙසේයි]
* fulfil, distil, enrol... – fulfill, distill, enroll... ඉටු කරනවා / සඵල කර ගන්නවා (කැමැත්තක්, බලාපොරොත්තුවක්), ආසවනය කරනවා (උදා: අරක්කු පෙරනවා), බැඳෙනවා (පාඨමාලාවකට)
* licence, defence, offence... – license, defense, offense... බල පත්රය, ආරක්ෂාව, වරද
* practise – practice පුහුණු වෙනවා (ක්රියා පදය)
* organize/organise, realize/realise, legalize/legalise… - organize, realize,legalize... සංවිධානය කරනවා, අවබෝධ කර ගන්නවා / සැබෑ කර ගන්නවා, නීත්යානුකූල කරනවා...
* analyse, paralyse, catalyse... – analyze, paralyze, catalyze... විශ්ලේෂණය කරනවා, අඩපණ කරනවා (අංශභාග රෝගය වැනි), (රසායනික ප්රතික්රියාවක්) ඉක්මන් කරනවා
* instalment, skilful, wilful... - installment, skillful, willful... ගෙවීම් වාරිකය, නිපුණ, වරදක් බව දැනත් කරන
* storey – story ගොඩනැගිල්ලක මහල
* jewellery - jewelry ආභරණ
තවත් මෙවැනි වෙනස්කම් ගණනාවක් තිබේ. BBC News වැනි වෙබ් අඩවියකට ගිය විට බ්රිතාන්ය සම්ප්රදාය හමු වේ. නමුත් වෙබ් අඩවි විශාල සංඛ්යාවක් ඇමරිකානු ඒවා වන නිසා අන්තර්ජාලයේ බහුලව දක්නට ලැබෙන්නේ එම සම්ප්රදායය. අනෙකුත් මාධ්යවලත් බොහෝ විට එසේය. කෙසේ වෙතත් ශ්රී ලාංකික මාධ්යවල නම් තවමත් වැඩි වශයෙන් ඇත්තේ බ්රිතාන්ය ඉංග්රීසියේ ආභාෂයය.
=== ව්යාකරණ ශාස්ත්රය (Grammar) ===
Parts of Speech
All words are divided in to eight classes called, Parts of Speech.
1. Noun: a word used as the name of a person , animal, Place or a thing.
Proper Nouns: Saman / Kelaniya
Common Nouns: Sea/ Bird / Dog
Collective Noun: Team/ Family / Nation
Abstract Noun: Quality (honesty/strength), Action(movement/judgment),State(youth/death/sickness)
Countable Noun: Names of objects/ppl we can count (pen/mango/house)
Uncountable Nouns: Water/Milk/Oil – they do not have a plural form
Formation of Plural
a) Adding “s” to the singular
girl girls dog dogs house houses train trains
b) Adding “es” to the singular (for nouns ending in ss, sh, ch, or x)
Kiss kisses brush brushes watch watches tax taxes
c) Most nouns ending in -o also make plural by adding “es”
Hero heroes tomato tomatoes volcano volcanoes mango mangoes
d) Some nouns ending in –o will make plural by ending “s” to end
Dynamo dynamos ratio ratios piano pianos photo photos
e) Nouns ending in – y preceded by a consonant form their plural by changing –y to – i and adding –es
baby - babies, country-countries, city-cities
f) Nouns ending in –y preceded by a vowel form their plural by adding –s
Monkey-monkeys, boy-boys, toy-toys
g) Only few ending in –f or –fe form their plural by changing –f or –fe to –v and adding –es
Wife-wives, knife-knives, thief-thieves,
h) Some changing the inside vowel
Man-men, mouse-mice, foot-feet
2. Adjective: a word used with a noun to add something to its meaning (Adjective=Added to)
a) Quality: He has a large house. The foolish man spent his savings on liquor.
b) Quantity: He has much experience , Is there any water in the tank?
c) Number: I have ten pens, You have made several mistakes
d) Demonstrative: That table is very small, Those mangoes are ripe.
e) Interrogative: Whose books are these? , which shirt is better?
f) Comparison: large, larger, the largest
Articles: A, an and the are called articles
3. Pronouns: a word used instead of a noun (I , we you, they, he , she , it)
Indefinite Pronouns: One, None, all, Many, some, somebody had stolen my pen.
Distributive Pronouns: Each, Either, Neither, Each of the students gets prizes.
Relative Pronouns: Who, whose, whom, which, that , the teacher has punished Kamal who came late.
4. Verbs: A Verb is a thing that tells something about a person or thing, it may tell us
• What a person or thing does
• What is done to a person or thing
• What a person or thing is
a) The Simple Present Tense
He goes to temple every Poya day / the earth moves round the earth/ The Berlin Trade Fair opens today.
He drinks a cup of tea every morning/ The President goes to USA next week.
b) The Present Continuous Tense
I am doing my homework, My brother is reading for his Master Degree, I am sitting for the examination next week
c) The Present Perfect Tense (To describe completed activities in the immediate past)
I have done my home work, He has eaten the cake, The teacher has left the office.
d) The Present Perfect Continuous Tense (Action begun in the past and still continuing)
My friends have been playing cricket since 8 o’ clock.
Samantha has been sleeping for six hours
e) The Simple Past Tense (To describe an action completed in the past)
Aloka left the school last year, I met your brother last Friday
f) The Past Continuous Tense ( Noun + V(ing)… ) –action going on at some time past
The light went out when I was watching TV show, when I saw him, he was playing cricket
g) The Past Perfect Tense – action completed before a certain moment or action in the past
When I go to the station, the train to Badulla had left, I had finished my homework before father comes home
h) The Past Perfect Continuous Tense: Action that begun before a certain point in the past and continued up to that time.
Ramani had been saving money for her dowry before she married last year.
i) Simple Future Tense
I shall go to Galle tomorrow/ He will sit for GCE AL next year
j) The Future Continuous Tense: an action as going on at some time in the future
I shall be listening to news at 8 o’ clock.
k) The Future Perfect Tense: to show the completion of an action by a certain future time
I shall have finished my home work by 5 o’clock today.
l) The future perfect continuous tense: action as being in progress over a period of time that will end in the future
By next year, I shall have been working in this office for twenty years
When Kamal passes A/L this year, he will have been studying at KMV for nine years.
Active Voice and Passive Voice
Active Voice: The cat killed the rat
Passive Voice: The rat was killed by the cat
The Child eats an apple every day An apple is eaten by the child every day
Ranjith will answer the question The question will be answered by Ranjith
The tree was cut down yesterday
== අමතර අවධානයට ==
* [[ශ්රී ලංකාවේ ඉංග්රීසි භාෂාව]]
* [[Linguistic purism in English]]
* [[English-speaking world]]
* [[English-only movement]]
* [[List of countries and territories where English is an official language]]
== මූලාශ්ර ==
{{Reflist}}
== භාහිර සබැඳි ==
{{Library resources box |about=yes |by=no }}
* [http://www.lel.ed.ac.uk/research/gsound/Eng/Database/Phonetics/Englishes/Home/HomeMainFrameHolder.htm Accents of English from Around the World (University of Edinburgh)]{{භින්න වූ සබැඳි|date=June 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} Sound files comparing how 110 words are pronounced in 50 English accents from around the world
* [http://www.dialectsarchive.com/ International Dialects of English Archive – recordings of English dialects and international L2 accents]
{{Description of English}}
{{Navboxes
|title=Links to related articles
|list1=
{{History of English}}
{{English dialects by continent}}
{{Germanic languages}}
{{Dictionaries of English}}
{{English official language clickable map}}
}}
{{Subject bar
|b = yes
|b-search = Subject:English language
|commons = y
|commons-search = Category:English language
|d = y
|d-search = Q1860
|n = no
|q = y
|s = n
|species = no
|v = yes
|v-search = Portal:English Language
|voy = no
|wikt = Category:English language
|f = Z1002
|portal1 = Language
|portal2 = Linguistics
|portal3 = Writing
}}
{{authority control}}
[[ප්රවර්ගය:ඉංග්රීසි භාෂාව| ]]
[[Category:Analytic languages]]
[[ප්රවර්ගය:ඉංග්රීසි භාෂා]]
[[Category:Fusional languages]]
[[Category:Germanic languages]]
[[Category:Lingua francas]]
[[Category:Stress-timed languages]]
[[Category:Subject–verb–object languages]]
[[Category:Cultural globalization]]
[[ප්රවර්ගය:භාෂා]]
joo8xaxpnvzlgq3i3oeivcziyf7f9te
විකිපීඩියා:කෝපි කඩේ (miscellaneous)
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== Reusing references: Can we look over your shoulder? ==
''Apologies for writing in English.''
The Technical Wishes team at Wikimedia Deutschland is planning to [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Reusing references|make reusing references easier]]. For our research, we are looking for wiki contributors willing to show us how they are interacting with references.
* The format will be a 1-hour video call, where you would share your screen. [https://wikimedia.sslsurvey.de/User-research-into-Reusing-References-Sign-up-Form-2024/en/ More information here].
* Interviews can be conducted in English, German or Dutch.
* [[mw:WMDE_Engineering/Participate_in_UX_Activities#Compensation|Compensation is available]].
* Sessions will be held in January and February.
* [https://wikimedia.sslsurvey.de/User-research-into-Reusing-References-Sign-up-Form-2024/en/ Sign up here if you are interested.]
* Please note that we probably won’t be able to have sessions with everyone who is interested. Our UX researcher will try to create a good balance of wiki contributors, e.g. in terms of wiki experience, tech experience, editing preferences, gender, disability and more. If you’re a fit, she will reach out to you to schedule an appointment.
We’re looking forward to seeing you, [[m:User:Thereza Mengs (WMDE)| Thereza Mengs (WMDE)]]
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== Do you use Wikidata in Wikimedia sibling projects? Tell us about your experiences ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
''Note: Apologies for cross-posting and sending in English.''
Hello, the '''[[m:WD4WMP|Wikidata for Wikimedia Projects]]''' team at Wikimedia Deutschland would like to hear about your experiences using Wikidata in the sibling projects. If you are interested in sharing your opinion and insights, please consider signing up for an interview with us in this '''[https://wikimedia.sslsurvey.de/Wikidata-for-Wikimedia-Interviews Registration form]'''.<br>
''Currently, we are only able to conduct interviews in English.''
The front page of the form has more details about what the conversation will be like, including how we would '''compensate''' you for your time.
For more information, visit our ''[[m:WD4WMP/AddIssue|project issue page]]'' where you can also share your experiences in written form, without an interview.<br>We look forward to speaking with you, [[m:User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)|Danny Benjafield (WMDE)]] ([[m:User talk:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)|talk]]) 08:53, 5 January 2024 (UTC)
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== Feminism and Folklore 2024 ==
<div style="border:8px maroon ridge;padding:6px;>
[[File:Feminism and Folklore 2024 logo.svg|centre|550px|frameless]]
::<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
<center>''{{int:please-translate}}''</center>
Dear Wiki Community,
You are humbly invited to organize the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2024|Feminism and Folklore 2024]]''' writing competition from February 1, 2023, to March 31, 2023 on your local Wikipedia. This year, Feminism and Folklore will focus on feminism, women's issues, and gender-focused topics for the project, with a [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2024|Wiki Loves Folklore]] gender gap focus and a folk culture theme on Wikipedia.
You can help Wikipedia's coverage of folklore from your area by writing or improving articles about things like folk festivals, folk dances, folk music, women and queer folklore figures, folk game athletes, women in mythology, women warriors in folklore, witches and witch hunting, fairy tales, and more. Users can help create new articles, expand or translate from a generated list of suggested articles.
Organisers are requested to work on the following action items to sign up their communities for the project:
# Create a page for the contest on the local wiki.
# Set up a campaign on '''CampWiz''' tool.
# Create the local list and mention the timeline and local and international prizes.
# Request local admins for site notice.
# Link the local page and the CampWiz link on the [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2024/Project Page|meta project page]].
This year, the Wiki Loves Folklore Tech Team has introduced two new tools to enhance support for the campaign. These tools include the '''Article List Generator by Topic''' and '''CampWiz'''. The Article List Generator by Topic enables users to identify articles on the English Wikipedia that are not present in their native language Wikipedia. Users can customize their selection criteria, and the tool will present a table showcasing the missing articles along with suggested titles. Additionally, users have the option to download the list in both CSV and wikitable formats. Notably, the CampWiz tool will be employed for the project for the first time, empowering users to effectively host the project with a jury. Both tools are now available for use in the campaign. [https://tools.wikilovesfolklore.org/ '''Click here to access these tools''']
Learn more about the contest and prizes on our [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2024|project page]]. Feel free to contact us on our [[:m:Talk:Feminism and Folklore 2024/Project Page|meta talk page]] or by email us if you need any assistance.
We look forward to your immense coordination.
Thank you and Best wishes,
'''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2024|Feminism and Folklore 2024 International Team]]'''
::::Stay connected [[File:B&W Facebook icon.png|link=https://www.facebook.com/feminismandfolklore/|30x30px]] [[File:B&W Twitter icon.png|link=https://twitter.com/wikifolklore|30x30px]]
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--[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 07:26, 18 ජනවාරි 2024 (යූටීසී)
== Wiki Loves Folklore is back! ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
{{int:please-translate}}
[[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|150px|frameless]]
Dear Wiki Community,
You are humbly invited to participate in the '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2024|Wiki Loves Folklore 2024]]''' an international photography contest organized on Wikimedia Commons to document folklore and intangible cultural heritage from different regions, including, folk creative activities and many more. It is held every year from the '''1st till the 31st''' of March.
You can help in enriching the folklore documentation on Commons from your region by taking photos, audios, videos, and [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:UploadWizard&campaign=wlf_2024 submitting] them in this commons contest.
You can also [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2024/Organize|organize a local contest]] in your country and support us in translating the [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2024/Translations|project pages]] to help us spread the word in your native language.
Feel free to contact us on our [[:c:Commons talk:Wiki Loves Folklore 2024|project Talk page]] if you need any assistance.
'''Kind regards,'''
'''Wiki loves Folklore International Team'''
-- [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 07:26, 18 ජනවාරි 2024 (යූටීසී)
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== <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Vote on the Charter for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee</span> ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
<section begin="announcement-content" />
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/wiki/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter/Announcement - voting opens|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:wiki/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter/Announcement - voting opens}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''
Hello all,
I am reaching out to you today to announce that the voting period for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] (U4C) Charter is now open. Community members may [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter/Voter_information|cast their vote and provide comments about the charter via SecurePoll]] now through '''2 February 2024'''. Those of you who voiced your opinions during the development of the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines|UCoC Enforcement Guidelines]] will find this process familiar.
The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|current version of the U4C Charter]] is on Meta-wiki with translations available.
Read the charter, go vote and share this note with others in your community. I can confidently say the U4C Building Committee looks forward to your participation.
On behalf of the UCoC Project team,<section end="announcement-content" />
</div>
[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 18:08, 19 ජනවාරි 2024 (යූටීසී)
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== <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Last days to vote on the Charter for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee</span> ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
<section begin="announcement-content" />
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/wiki/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter/Announcement - voting reminder|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:wiki/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter/Announcement - voting reminder}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''
Hello all,
I am reaching out to you today to remind you that the voting period for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] (U4C) charter will close on '''2 February 2024'''. Community members may [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter/Voter_information|cast their vote and provide comments about the charter via SecurePoll]]. Those of you who voiced your opinions during the development of the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines|UCoC Enforcement Guidelines]] will find this process familiar.
The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|current version of the U4C charter]] is on Meta-wiki with translations available.
Read the charter, go vote and share this note with others in your community. I can confidently say the U4C Building Committee looks forward to your participation.
On behalf of the UCoC Project team,<section end="announcement-content" />
</div>
[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 17:00, 31 ජනවාරි 2024 (යූටීසී)
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== <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Announcing the results of the UCoC Coordinating Committee Charter ratification vote</span> ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
<section begin="announcement-content" />
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/wiki/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter/Announcement - results|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:wiki/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter/Announcement - results}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''
Dear all,
Thank you everyone for following the progress of the Universal Code of Conduct. I am writing to you today to announce the outcome of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter/Voter_information|ratification vote]] on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee Charter]]. 1746 contributors voted in this ratification vote with 1249 voters supporting the Charter and 420 voters not. The ratification vote process allowed for voters to provide comments about the Charter.
A report of voting statistics and a summary of voter comments will be published on Meta-wiki in the coming weeks.
Please look forward to hearing about the next steps soon.
On behalf of the UCoC Project team,<section end="announcement-content" />
</div>
[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 18:24, 12 පෙබරවාරි 2024 (යූටීසී)
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== Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2024: We are back! ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
[[File:UCDM 2024 general.jpg|180px|right]]
{{int:please-translate}}
Hello, dear Wikipedians!<br/>
[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Ukraine|Wikimedia Ukraine]], in cooperation with the [[:en:Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine|MFA of Ukraine]] and [[:en:Ukrainian Institute|Ukrainian Institute]], has launched the forth edition of writing challenge "'''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2024|Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month]]'''", which lasts from 1st until 31st March 2024. The campaign is dedicated to famous Ukrainian artists of cinema, music, literature, architecture, design and cultural phenomena of Ukraine that are now part of world heritage. We accept contribution in every language! The most active contesters will receive prizes.<br/>
We invite you to take part and help us improve the coverage of Ukrainian culture on Wikipedia in your language! Also, we plan to set up a [[:m:CentralNotice/Request/UCDM 2024|banner]] to notify users of the possibility to participate in such a challenge! [[:m:User:ValentynNefedov (WMUA)|ValentynNefedov (WMUA)]] ([[:m:User talk:ValentynNefedov (WMUA)|talk]])
</div>
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== <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Report of the U4C Charter ratification and U4C Call for Candidates now available</span> ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
<section begin="announcement-content" />
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – call for candidates| You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – call for candidates}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''
Hello all,
I am writing to you today with two important pieces of information. First, the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter/Vote results|report of the comments from the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) Charter ratification]] is now available. Secondly, the call for candidates for the U4C is open now through April 1, 2024.
The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] (U4C) is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. Community members are invited to submit their applications for the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, please [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|review the U4C Charter]].
Per the charter, there are 16 seats on the U4C: eight community-at-large seats and eight regional seats to ensure the U4C represents the diversity of the movement.
Read more and submit your application on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024|Meta-wiki]].
On behalf of the UCoC project team,<section end="announcement-content" />
</div>
[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 16:25, 5 මාර්තු 2024 (යූටීසී)
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== <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees 2024 Selection</span> ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
<section begin="announcement-content" />
: ''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024/Announcement/Selection announcement| You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
: ''<div class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024/Announcement/Selection announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024/Announcement/Selection announcement}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div>''
Dear all,
This year, the term of 4 (four) Community- and Affiliate-selected Trustees on the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees will come to an end [1]. The Board invites the whole movement to participate in this year’s selection process and vote to fill those seats.
The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections committee|Elections Committee]] will oversee this process with support from Foundation staff [2]. The Board Governance Committee created a Board Selection Working Group from Trustees who cannot be candidates in the 2024 community- and affiliate-selected trustee selection process composed of Dariusz Jemielniak, Nataliia Tymkiv, Esra'a Al Shafei, Kathy Collins, and Shani Evenstein Sigalov [3]. The group is tasked with providing Board oversight for the 2024 trustee selection process, and for keeping the Board informed. More details on the roles of the Elections Committee, Board, and staff are here [4].
Here are the key planned dates:
* May 2024: Call for candidates and call for questions
* June 2024: Affiliates vote to shortlist 12 candidates (no shortlisting if 15 or less candidates apply) [5]
* June-August 2024: Campaign period
* End of August / beginning of September 2024: Two-week community voting period
* October–November 2024: Background check of selected candidates
* Board's Meeting in December 2024: New trustees seated
Learn more about the 2024 selection process - including the detailed timeline, the candidacy process, the campaign rules, and the voter eligibility criteria - on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024|this Meta-wiki page]], and make your plan.
'''Election Volunteers'''
Another way to be involved with the 2024 selection process is to be an Election Volunteer. Election Volunteers are a bridge between the Elections Committee and their respective community. They help ensure their community is represented and mobilize them to vote. Learn more about the program and how to join on this [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024/Election Volunteers|Meta-wiki page]].
Best regards,
[[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:Pundit|Dariusz Jemielniak]] (Governance Committee Chair, Board Selection Working Group)
[1] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2021/Results#Elected
[2] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Committee:Elections_Committee_Charter
[3] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Minutes:2023-08-15#Governance_Committee
[4] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections_committee/Roles
[5] Even though the ideal number is 12 candidates for 4 open seats, the shortlisting process will be triggered if there are more than 15 candidates because the 1-3 candidates that are removed might feel ostracized and it would be a lot of work for affiliates to carry out the shortlisting process to only eliminate 1-3 candidates from the candidate list.<section end="announcement-content" />
</div>
[[User:MPossoupe_(WMF)|MPossoupe_(WMF)]]19:57, 12 මාර්තු 2024 (යූටීසී)
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== <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Vote now to select members of the first U4C</span> ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
<section begin="announcement-content" />
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – vote opens|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – vote opens}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''
Dear all,
I am writing to you to let you know the voting period for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) is open now through May 9, 2024. Read the information on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024|voting page on Meta-wiki]] to learn more about voting and voter eligibility.
The Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. Community members were invited to submit their applications for the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, please [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|review the U4C Charter]].
Please share this message with members of your community so they can participate as well.
On behalf of the UCoC project team,<section end="announcement-content" />
</div>
[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 20:20, 25 අප්රේල් 2024 (යූටීසී)
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== <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Sign up for the language community meeting on May 31st, 16:00 UTC</span> ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
<section begin="message"/>Hello all,
The next language community meeting is scheduled in a few weeks - May 31st at 16:00 UTC. If you're interested, you can [https://www.mediawiki.org/w/index.php?title=Wikimedia_Language_engineering/Community_meetings#31_May_2024 sign up on this wiki page].
This is a participant-driven meeting, where we share language-specific updates related to various projects, collectively discuss technical issues related to language wikis, and work together to find possible solutions. For example, in the last meeting, the topics included the machine translation service (MinT) and the languages and models it currently supports, localization efforts from the Kiwix team, and technical challenges with numerical sorting in files used on Bengali Wikisource.
Do you have any ideas for topics to share technical updates related to your project? Any problems that you would like to bring for discussion during the meeting? Do you need interpretation support from English to another language? Please reach out to me at ssethi(__AT__)wikimedia.org and [[etherpad:p/language-community-meeting-may-2024|add agenda items to the document here]].
We look forward to your participation!
<section end="message"/>
</div>
<bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 21:22, 14 මැයි 2024 (යූටීසී)
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== <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Feedback invited on Procedure for Sibling Project Lifecycle</span> ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
<section begin="announcement-content" />
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee/Procedure for Sibling Project Lifecycle/Invitation for feedback (MM)|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee/Procedure for Sibling Project Lifecycle/Invitation for feedback (MM)}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''
[[File:Sibling Project Lifecycle Conversation 3.png|150px|right|link=:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee/Procedure for Sibling Project Lifecycle]]
Dear community members,
The [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee|Community Affairs Committee]] (CAC) of the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees|Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees]] invites you to give feedback on a '''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee/Procedure for Sibling Project Lifecycle|draft Procedure for Sibling Project Lifecycle]]'''. This draft Procedure outlines proposed steps and requirements for opening and closing Wikimedia Sibling Projects, and aims to ensure any newly approved projects are set up for success. This is separate from the procedures for opening or closing language versions of projects, which is handled by the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Language committee|Language Committee]] or [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Closing_projects_policy|closing projects policy]].
You can find the details on [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee/Procedure for Sibling Project Lifecycle#Review|this page]], as well as the ways to give your feedback from today until the end of the day on '''June 23, 2024''', anywhere on Earth.
You can also share information about this with the interested project communities you work with or support, and you can also help us translate the procedure into more languages, so people can join the discussions in their own language.
On behalf of the CAC,<section end="announcement-content" />
</div>
[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 02:26, 22 මැයි 2024 (යූටීසී)
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== <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Announcing the first Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee</span> ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
<section begin="announcement-content" />
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – results|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – results}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''
Hello,
The scrutineers have finished reviewing the vote results. We are following up with the results of the first [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) election]].
We are pleased to announce the following individuals as regional members of the U4C, who will fulfill a two-year term:
* North America (USA and Canada)
** –
* Northern and Western Europe
** [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:Ghilt|Ghilt]]
* Latin America and Caribbean
** –
* Central and East Europe (CEE)
** —
* Sub-Saharan Africa
** –
* Middle East and North Africa
** [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:Ibrahim.ID|Ibrahim.ID]]
* East, South East Asia and Pacific (ESEAP)
** [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:0xDeadbeef|0xDeadbeef]]
* South Asia
** –
The following individuals are elected to be community-at-large members of the U4C, fulfilling a one-year term:
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:Barkeep49|Barkeep49]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:Superpes15|Superpes15]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:Civvì|Civvì]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:Luke081515|Luke081515]]
* –
* –
* –
* –
Thank you again to everyone who participated in this process and much appreciation to the candidates for your leadership and dedication to the Wikimedia movement and community.
Over the next few weeks, the U4C will begin meeting and planning the 2024-25 year in supporting the implementation and review of the UCoC and Enforcement Guidelines. Follow their work on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Meta-wiki]].
On behalf of the UCoC project team,<section end="announcement-content" />
</div>
[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 08:15, 3 ජූනි 2024 (යූටීසී)
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== <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">The final text of the Wikimedia Movement Charter is now on Meta</span> ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
<section begin="announcement-content" />
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Announcement - Final draft available|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Announcement - Final draft available}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''
Hi everyone,
The final text of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter|Wikimedia Movement Charter]] is now up on Meta in more than 20 languages for your reading.
'''What is the Wikimedia Movement Charter?'''
The Wikimedia Movement Charter is a proposed document to define roles and responsibilities for all the members and entities of the Wikimedia movement, including the creation of a new body – the Global Council – for movement governance.
'''Join the Wikimedia Movement Charter “Launch Party”'''
Join the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event:Movement Charter Launch Party|“Launch Party”]] on '''June 20, 2024''' at '''14.00-15.00 UTC''' ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1718892000 your local time]). During this call, we will celebrate the release of the final Charter and present the content of the Charter. Join and learn about the Charter before casting your vote.
'''Movement Charter ratification vote'''
Voting will commence on SecurePoll on '''June 25, 2024''' at '''00:01 UTC''' and will conclude on '''July 9, 2024''' at '''23:59 UTC.''' You can read more about the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Ratification/Voting|voting process, eligibility criteria, and other details]] on Meta.
If you have any questions, please leave a comment on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Talk:Movement Charter|Meta talk page]] or email the MCDC at [mailto:mcdc@wikimedia.org mcdc@wikimedia.org].
On behalf of the MCDC,<section end="announcement-content" />
</div>
[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 08:45, 11 ජූනි 2024 (යූටීසී)
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== <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Voting to ratify the Wikimedia Movement Charter is now open – cast your vote</span> ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
<section begin="announcement-content" />
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Announcement - Ratification vote opens|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Announcement - Ratification vote opens}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''
Hello everyone,
The voting to ratify the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter|'''Wikimedia Movement Charter''']] is now open. The Wikimedia Movement Charter is a document to define roles and responsibilities for all the members and entities of the Wikimedia movement, including the creation of a new body – the Global Council – for movement governance.
The final version of the Wikimedia Movement Charter is [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter|available on Meta in different languages]] and attached [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Wikimedia_Movement_Charter_(June_2024).pdf here in PDF format] for your reading.
Voting commenced on SecurePoll on '''June 25, 2024''' at '''00:01 UTC''' and will conclude on '''July 9, 2024''' at '''23:59 UTC'''. Please read more on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Ratification/Voting|voter information and eligibility details]].
After reading the Charter, please [[Special:SecurePoll/vote/398|'''vote here''']] and share this note further.
If you have any questions about the ratification vote, please contact the Charter Electoral Commission at [mailto:cec@wikimedia.org '''cec@wikimedia.org'''].
On behalf of the CEC,<section end="announcement-content" />
</div>
[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 10:52, 25 ජූනි 2024 (යූටීසී)
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== <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Voting to ratify the Wikimedia Movement Charter is ending soon</span> ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
<section begin="announcement-content" />
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Announcement - Final reminder|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Announcement - Final reminder}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''
Hello everyone,
This is a kind reminder that the voting period to ratify the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter|Wikimedia Movement Charter]] will be closed on '''July 9, 2024''', at '''23:59 UTC'''.
If you have not voted yet, please vote [[m:Special:SecurePoll/vote/398|on SecurePoll]].
On behalf of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Ratification/Voting#Electoral_Commission|Charter Electoral Commission]],<section end="announcement-content" />
</div>
[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 03:46, 8 ජූලි 2024 (යූටීසී)
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== <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">U4C Special Election - Call for Candidates</span> ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
<section begin="announcement-content" />
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election/Announcement – call for candidates|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election/Announcement – call for candidates}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''
Hello all,
A special election has been called to fill additional vacancies on the U4C. The call for candidates phase is open from now through July 19, 2024.
The [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] (U4C) is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the [[:foundation:Wikimedia Foundation Universal Code of Conduct|UCoC]]. Community members are invited to submit their applications in the special election for the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, please review the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|U4C Charter]].
In this special election, according to [[Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter#2. Elections and Terms|chapter 2 of the U4C charter]], there are 9 seats available on the U4C: '''four''' community-at-large seats and '''five''' regional seats to ensure the U4C represents the diversity of the movement. [[Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter#5. Glossary|No more than two members of the U4C can be elected from the same home wiki]]. Therefore, candidates must not have English Wikipedia, German Wikipedia, or Italian Wikipedia as their home wiki.
Read more and submit your application on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election|Meta-wiki]].
In cooperation with the U4C,<section end="announcement-content" />
</div>
-- [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 00:03, 10 ජූලි 2024 (යූටීසී)
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== <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Wikimedia Movement Charter ratification voting results</span> ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
<section begin="announcement-content" />
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Announcement - Results of the ratification vote|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Announcement - Results of the ratification vote}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''
Hello everyone,
After carefully tallying both individual and affiliate votes, the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Ratification/Voting#Electoral Commission|Charter Electoral Commission]] is pleased to announce the final results of the Wikimedia Movement Charter voting.
As [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Talk:Movement Charter#Thank you for your participation in the Movement Charter ratification vote!|communicated]] by the Charter Electoral Commission, we reached the quorum for both Affiliate and individual votes by the time the vote closed on '''July 9, 23:59 UTC'''. We thank all 2,451 individuals and 129 Affiliate representatives who voted in the ratification process. Your votes and comments are invaluable for the future steps in Movement Strategy.
The final results of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter|Wikimedia Movement Charter]] ratification voting held between 25 June and 9 July 2024 are as follows:
'''Individual vote:'''
Out of 2,451 individuals who voted as of July 9 23:59 (UTC), 2,446 have been accepted as valid votes. Among these, '''1,710''' voted “yes”; '''623''' voted “no”; and '''113''' selected “–” (neutral). Because the neutral votes don’t count towards the total number of votes cast, 73.30% voted to approve the Charter (1710/2333), while 26.70% voted to reject the Charter (623/2333).
'''Affiliates vote:'''
Out of 129 Affiliates designated voters who voted as of July 9 23:59 (UTC), 129 votes are confirmed as valid votes. Among these, '''93''' voted “yes”; '''18''' voted “no”; and '''18''' selected “–” (neutral). Because the neutral votes don’t count towards the total number of votes cast, 83.78% voted to approve the Charter (93/111), while 16.22% voted to reject the Charter (18/111).
'''Board of Trustees of the Wikimedia Foundation:'''
The Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees voted '''not to ratify''' the proposed Charter during their special Board meeting on July 8, 2024. The Chair of the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees, Nataliia Tymkiv, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Board_noticeboard/Board_resolution_and_vote_on_the_proposed_Movement_Charter|shared the result of the vote, the resolution, meeting minutes and proposed next steps]].
With this, the Wikimedia Movement Charter in its current revision is '''not ratified'''.
We thank you for your participation in this important moment in our movement’s governance.
The Charter Electoral Commission,
[[m:User:Abhinav619|Abhinav619]], [[m:User:Borschts|Borschts]], [[m:User:Iwuala Lucy|Iwuala Lucy]], [[m:User:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]], [[m:User:Der-Wir-Ing|Der-Wir-Ing]]<section end="announcement-content" />
</div>
[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 17:52, 18 ජූලි 2024 (යූටීසී)
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== වික්ෂනරි පරිපාලක ඡන්ද විමසීම ==
වික්ෂනරිය තුළ, නව පරිපාලක ඡන්ද විමසීම ගැන ඔබ දැනුවත් ද? 2024-07-31 දිනෙන් අවසන් වන ඡන්ද විමසීමක් මේ මොහොතේ දී ක්රියාත්මක වෙමින් පවතියි. ඔබට මෙම ව්යාපෘතිය තුළ ගිණුමක් පවතියි නම්, හැකි ඉක්මනින් ඡන්ද විමසීම් පිටුව වෙත යන්න.
* [[:wikt:si:වික්ෂනරි:පරිපාලකවරු#Lee]]
ඔබගේ සහාය හෝ විරුද්ධත්වය ප්රකාශ කරන්න. -- [[User:Lee|Lee]] ([[User talk:Lee|talk]]) 07:03, 24 ජූලි 2024 (යූටීසී)
:සිහි කැඳවීම: මෙම ඡන්ද විමසීම ක්රියාත්මක වන්නේ තව දින තුනක් (3) පමණි. -- [[User:Lee|Lee]] ([[User talk:Lee|talk]]) 03:47, 28 ජූලි 2024 (යූටීසී)
== විකිපොත් පරිපාලක ඡන්ද විමසීම ==
විකිපොත් තුළ, නව පරිපාලක ඡන්ද විමසීම ගැන ඔබ දැනුවත් ද? 2024-07-31 දිනෙන් අවසන් වන ඡන්ද විමසීමක් මේ මොහොතේ දී ක්රියාත්මක වෙමින් පවතියි. ඔබට මෙම ව්යාපෘතිය තුළ ගිණුමක් පවතියි නම්, හැකි ඉක්මනින් ඡන්ද විමසීම් පිටුව වෙත යන්න.
* [[:b:si:විකිපොත්:පරිපාලකවරු#Lee]]
ඔබගේ සහාය හෝ විරුද්ධත්වය ප්රකාශ කරන්න. -- [[User:Lee|Lee]] ([[User talk:Lee|talk]]) 03:25, 25 ජූලි 2024 (යූටීසී)
:සිහි කැඳවීම: මෙම ඡන්ද විමසීම ක්රියාත්මක වන්නේ තව දින තුනක් (3) පමණි. -- [[User:Lee|Lee]] ([[User talk:Lee|talk]]) 03:47, 28 ජූලි 2024 (යූටීසී)
== <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Vote now to fill vacancies of the first U4C</span> ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
<section begin="announcement-content" />
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election/Announcement – voting opens|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election/Announcement – voting opens}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''
Dear all,
I am writing to you to let you know the voting period for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) is open now through '''August 10, 2024'''. Read the information on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election|voting page on Meta-wiki]] to learn more about voting and voter eligibility.
The Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. Community members were invited to submit their applications for the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, please [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|review the U4C Charter]].
Please share this message with members of your community so they can participate as well.
In cooperation with the U4C,<section end="announcement-content" />
</div>
[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 02:48, 27 ජූලි 2024 (යූටීසී)
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== <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Reminder! Vote closing soon to fill vacancies of the first U4C</span> ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
<section begin="announcement-content" />
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election/Announcement – reminder to vote|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election/Announcement – reminder to vote}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''
Dear all,
The voting period for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) is closing soon. It is open through 10 August 2024. Read the information on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2024_Special_Election#Voting|the voting page on Meta-wiki to learn more about voting and voter eligibility]]. If you are eligible to vote and have not voted in this special election, it is important that you vote now.
'''Why should you vote?''' The U4C is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. Community input into the committee membership is critical to the success of the UCoC.
Please share this message with members of your community so they can participate as well.
In cooperation with the U4C,<section end="announcement-content" />
</div>
-- [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 15:31, 6 අගෝස්තු 2024 (යූටීසී)
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== <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Coming soon: A new sub-referencing feature – try it!</span> ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr">
<section begin="Sub-referencing"/>
[[File:Sub-referencing reuse visual.png|{{#ifeq:{{#dir}}|ltr|right|left}}|400px]]
Hello. For many years, community members have requested an easy way to re-use references with different details. Now, a MediaWiki solution is coming: The new sub-referencing feature will work for wikitext and Visual Editor and will enhance the existing reference system. You can continue to use different ways of referencing, but you will probably encounter sub-references in articles written by other users. More information on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|the project page]].
'''We want your feedback''' to make sure this feature works well for you:
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#Test|Please try]] the current state of development on beta wiki and [[m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|let us know what you think]].
* [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing/Sign-up|Sign up here]] to get updates and/or invites to participate in user research activities.
[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Deutschland|Wikimedia Deutschland]]’s [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes|Technical Wishes]] team is planning to bring this feature to Wikimedia wikis later this year. We will reach out to creators/maintainers of tools and templates related to references beforehand.
Please help us spread the message. --[[m:User:Johannes Richter (WMDE)|Johannes Richter (WMDE)]] ([[m:User talk:Johannes Richter (WMDE)|talk]]) 10:36, 19 August 2024 (UTC)
<section end="Sub-referencing"/>
</div>
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== Sign up for the language community meeting on August 30th, 15:00 UTC ==
Hi all,
The next language community meeting is scheduled in a few weeks—on August 30th at 15:00 UTC. If you're interested in joining, you can [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Language_and_Product_Localization/Community_meetings#30_August_2024 sign up on this wiki page].
This participant-driven meeting will focus on sharing language-specific updates related to various projects, discussing technical issues related to language wikis, and working together to find possible solutions. For example, in the last meeting, topics included the Language Converter, the state of language research, updates on the Incubator conversations, and technical challenges around external links not working with special characters on Bengali sites.
Do you have any ideas for topics to share technical updates or discuss challenges? Please add agenda items to the document [https://etherpad.wikimedia.org/p/language-community-meeting-aug-2024 here] and reach out to ssethi(__AT__)wikimedia.org. We look forward to your participation!
[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 23:19, 22 අගෝස්තු 2024 (යූටීසී)
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== <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Announcing the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee</span> ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr">
<section begin="announcement-content" />
:''[https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/board-elections@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/OKCCN2CANIH2K7DXJOL2GPVDFWL27R7C/ Original message at wikimedia-l]. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election/Announcement - results|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election/Announcement - results}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''
Hello all,
The scrutineers have finished reviewing the vote and the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Elections Committee|Elections Committee]] have certified the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election/Results|results]] for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) special election]].
I am pleased to announce the following individual as regional members of the U4C, who will fulfill a term until 15 June 2026:
* North America (USA and Canada)
** Ajraddatz
The following seats were not filled during this special election:
* Latin America and Caribbean
* Central and East Europe (CEE)
* Sub-Saharan Africa
* South Asia
* The four remaining Community-At-Large seats
Thank you again to everyone who participated in this process and much appreciation to the candidates for your leadership and dedication to the Wikimedia movement and community.
Over the next few weeks, the U4C will begin meeting and planning the 2024-25 year in supporting the implementation and review of the UCoC and Enforcement Guidelines. You can follow their work on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Meta-Wiki]].
On behalf of the U4C and the Elections Committee,<section end="announcement-content" />
</div>
[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 14:06, 2 සැප්තැම්බර් 2024 (යූටීසී)
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== <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Have your say: Vote for the 2024 Board of Trustees!</span> ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr">
<section begin="announcement-content" />
Hello all,
The voting period for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024|2024 Board of Trustees election]] is now open. There are twelve (12) candidates running for four (4) seats on the Board.
Learn more about the candidates by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024/Candidates|reading their statements]] and their [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2024/Questions_for_candidates|answers to community questions]].
When you are ready, go to the [[Special:SecurePoll/vote/400|SecurePoll]] voting page to vote. '''The vote is open from September 3rd at 00:00 UTC to September 17th at 23:59 UTC'''.
To check your voter eligibility, please visit the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2024/Voter_eligibility_guidelines|voter eligibility page]].
Best regards,
The Elections Committee and Board Selection Working Group<section end="announcement-content" />
</div>
[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 12:14, 3 සැප්තැම්බර් 2024 (යූටීසී)
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== 'Wikidata item' link is moving. Find out where... ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"><i>Apologies for cross-posting in English. Please consider translating this message.</i>{{tracked|T66315}}
Hello everyone, a small change will soon be coming to the user-interface of your Wikimedia project.
The [[d:Q16222597|Wikidata item]] [[w:|sitelink]] currently found under the <span style="color: #54595d;"><u>''General''</u></span> section of the '''Tools''' sidebar menu will move into the <span style="color: #54595d;"><u>''In Other Projects''</u></span> section.
We would like the Wiki communities feedback so please let us know or ask questions on the [[m:Talk:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Projects/Move_Wikidata_item_link|Discussion page]] before we enable the change which can take place October 4 2024, circa 15:00 UTC+2.
More information can be found on [[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Projects/Move_Wikidata_item_link|the project page]].<br><br>We welcome your feedback and questions.<br> [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 18:58, 27 සැප්තැම්බර් 2024 (යූටීසී)
</div>
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== <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Preliminary results of the 2024 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees elections</span> ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr">
<section begin="announcement-content" />
Hello all,
Thank you to everyone who participated in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024|2024 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees election]]. Close to 6000 community members from more than 180 wiki projects have voted.
The following four candidates were the most voted:
# [[User:Kritzolina|Christel Steigenberger]]
# [[User:Nadzik|Maciej Artur Nadzikiewicz]]
# [[User:Victoria|Victoria Doronina]]
# [[User:Laurentius|Lorenzo Losa]]
While these candidates have been ranked through the vote, they still need to be appointed to the Board of Trustees. They need to pass a successful background check and meet the qualifications outlined in the Bylaws. New trustees will be appointed at the next Board meeting in December 2024.
[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2024/Results|Learn more about the results on Meta-Wiki.]]
Best regards,
The Elections Committee and Board Selection Working Group
<section end="announcement-content" />
</div>
[[User:MPossoupe_(WMF)|MPossoupe_(WMF)]] 08:25, 14 ඔක්තෝබර් 2024 (යූටීසී)
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== <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Seeking volunteers to join several of the movement’s committees</span> ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr">
<section begin="announcement-content" />
Each year, typically from October through December, several of the movement’s committees seek new volunteers.
Read more about the committees on their Meta-wiki pages:
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee|Affiliations Committee (AffCom)]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ombuds_commission|Ombuds commission (OC)]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Legal/Community Resilience and Sustainability/Trust and Safety/Case Review Committee|Case Review Committee (CRC)]]
Applications for the committees open on 16 October 2024. Applications for the Affiliations Committee close on 18 November 2024, and applications for the Ombuds commission and the Case Review Committee close on 2 December 2024. Learn how to apply by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation/Legal/Committee_appointments|visiting the appointment page on Meta-wiki]]. Post to the talk page or email [mailto:cst@wikimedia.org cst@wikimedia.org] with any questions you may have.
For the Committee Support team,
<section end="announcement-content" />
</div>
-- [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 23:08, 16 ඔක්තෝබර් 2024 (යූටීසී)
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== 'Wikidata item' link is moving, finally. ==
Hello everyone, I previously wrote on the 27th September to advise that the ''Wikidata item'' sitelink will change places in the sidebar menu, moving from the '''General''' section into the '''In Other Projects''' section. The scheduled rollout date of 04.10.2024 was delayed due to a necessary request for Mobile/MinervaNeue skin. I am happy to inform that the global rollout can now proceed and will occur later today, 22.10.2024 at 15:00 UTC-2. [[m:Talk:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Projects/Move_Wikidata_item_link|Please let us know]] if you notice any problems or bugs after this change. There should be no need for null-edits or purging cache for the changes to occur. Kind regards, -[[m:User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)|Danny Benjafield (WMDE)]] 11:29, 22 ඔක්තෝබර් 2024 (යූටීසී)
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== Sign up for the language community meeting on November 29th, 16:00 UTC ==
Hello everyone,
The next language community meeting is coming up next week, on November 29th, at 16:00 UTC (Zonestamp! For your timezone <https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1732896000>). If you're interested in joining, you can sign up on this wiki page: <https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Language_and_Product_Localization/Community_meetings#29_November_2024>.
This participant-driven meeting will be organized by the Wikimedia Foundation’s Language Product Localization team and the Language Diversity Hub. There will be presentations on topics like developing language keyboards, the creation of the Moore Wikipedia, and the language support track at Wiki Indaba. We will also have members from the Wayuunaiki community joining us to share their experiences with the Incubator and as a new community within our movement. This meeting will have a Spanish interpretation.
Looking forward to seeing you at the language community meeting! Cheers, [[User:SSethi (WMF)|Srishti]] 19:54, 21 නොවැම්බර් 2024 (යූටීසී)
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== Proposal to enable the "Contribute" entry point in Sinhalese Wikipedia ==
{{Int:Hello}} Sinhalese Wikipedians,
Apologies as this message is not in your language. {{Int:please-translate}}.
The [[mediawikiwiki:Wikimedia_Language_and_Product_Localization|WMF Language and Product Localization]] team proposes enabling an entry point called "Contribute" to your Wikipedia.
The [[:bn:বিশেষ:Contribute|Contribute]] entry point is based on collaborative work with other product teams in the Wikimedia Foundation on [[mediawikiwiki:Edit_Discovery|Edit discovery]], which validated the entry point as a persistent and constant path that contributors took to discover ways to contribute content in Wikipedia.
Therefore, enabling this entry point in your Wikipedia will help contributors quickly discover available tools and immediately click to start using them. This entry point is designed to be a central point for discovering contribution tools in Sinhalese Wikipedia.
'''Who can access it'''
Once it is enabled in your Wikipedia, newcomers can access the entry point automatically by just logging into their account, click on the User drop-down menu and choose the "Contribute" icon, which takes you to another menu where you will find a self-guided description of what you can do to contribute content, as shown in the image below. An option to "view contributions" is also available to access the list of your contributions.
[[ගොනුව:Mobile_Contribute_Page.png|Mobile Contribute Page]] [[ගොනුව:Mobile_contribute_menu_(detailed).png|Mobile contribute menu (detailed)]]
For experienced contributors, the Contribute icon is not automatically shown in their User drop-down menu. They will still see the "Contributions" option unless they change it to the "Contribute" manually.
This feature is available in four Wikipedia (Albanian, Malayalam, Mongolian, and Tagalog). We have gotten valuable feedback that helped us improve its discoverability. Now, it is ready to be enabled in other Wikis. One major improvement was to [[phab:T369041|make the entry point optional for experienced contributors]] who still want to have the "Contributions" entry point as default.
We plan to enable it '''on mobile''' for Wikis, where the Section translation tool is enabled. In this way, we will provide a main entry point to the mobile translation dashboard, and the exposure can still be limited by targeting only the mobile platform for now. If there are no objections to having the entry point for mobile users from your community, we will enable it by 10th December 2024.
We welcome your feedback and questions in this thread on our proposal to enable it here. Suppose there are no objections, we will deploy the "Contribute" entry point in your Wikipedia.
We look forward to your response soon.
Thank you!
On behalf of the WMF Language and Product Localization team. [[User:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[User talk:UOzurumba (WMF)|talk]]) 04:18, 28 නොවැම්බර් 2024 (යූටීසී)
== Invitation to Participate in the Wikimedia SAARC Conference Community Engagement Survey ==
Dear Community Members,
I hope this message finds you well. Please excuse the use of English; we encourage translations into your local languages to ensure inclusivity.
We are conducting a Community Engagement Survey to assess the sentiments, needs, and interests of South Asian Wikimedia communities in organizing the inaugural Wikimedia SAARC Regional Conference, proposed to be held in Kathmandu, Nepal.
This initiative aims to bring together participants from eight nations to collaborate towards shared goals. Your insights will play a vital role in shaping the event's focus, identifying priorities, and guiding the strategic planning for this landmark conference.
Survey Link: https://forms.gle/en8qSuCvaSxQVD7K6
We kindly request you to dedicate a few moments to complete the survey. Your feedback will significantly contribute to ensuring this conference addresses the community's needs and aspirations.
Deadline to Submit the Survey: 20 January 2025
Your participation is crucial in shaping the future of the Wikimedia SAARC community and fostering regional collaboration. Thank you for your time and valuable input.
Warm regards,<br>
[[:m:User:Biplab Anand|Biplab Anand]]
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== Enabling Dark mode for logged-out users in this Wikipedia ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr">
{{int:Hello}} Wikipedians,
Apologies, as this message is not written in your native language. {{Int:please-translate}}.
The [[mediawikiwiki:Reading/Web|Wikimedia Foundation Web team]] will be enabling [[mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Accessibility_for_reading|dark mode]] here on your Wikipedia by February 2025 now that pages on your wiki have passed our checks for accessibility and other quality checks. Congratulations!
The plan to enable is made possible by the diligent work of editors and other technical contributors in your community who ensured that templates, gadgets, and other parts of pages can be accessible in dark mode. Thank you all for making dark mode available for everybody!
For context, the Web team has concluded work on dark mode. If, on some wikis, the option is not yet available for logged-out users, this is likely because many pages do not yet display well in dark mode. As communities make progress on this work, we enable this feature on additional wikis once per month.
If you notice any issues after enabling dark mode, please create a page: <code>Reading/Web/Accessibility for reading/Reporting/xx.wikipedia.org</code> in MediaWiki ([[mediawikiwiki:Reading/Web/Accessibility_for_reading/Reporting|like these pages]]), and report the issue in the created page.
Thank you!
On behalf of the [[mediawikiwiki:Reading/Web|Wikimedia Foundation Web team]].
</div>
<bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]]</bdi> 22:15, 21 ජනවාරි 2025 (යූටීසී)
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== Universal Code of Conduct annual review: provide your comments on the UCoC and Enforcement Guidelines ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
My apologies for writing in English.
{{Int:Please-translate}}.
I am writing to you to let you know the annual review period for the Universal Code of Conduct and Enforcement Guidelines is open now. You can make suggestions for changes through 3 February 2025. This is the first step of several to be taken for the annual review.
[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Annual_review|Read more information and find a conversation to join on the UCoC page on Meta]].
The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] (U4C) is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review was planned and implemented by the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter|you may review the U4C Charter]].
Please share this information with other members in your community wherever else might be appropriate.
-- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 01:11, 24 ජනවාරි 2025 (යූටීසී)
</div>
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== Feminism and Folklore 2025 starts soon ==
<div style="border:8px maroon ridge;padding:6px;>
[[File:Feminism and Folklore 2025 logo.svg|centre|550px|frameless]]
::<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
<center>''{{int:please-translate}}''</center>
Dear Wiki Community,
You are humbly invited to organize the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2025|Feminism and Folklore 2025]]''' writing competition from February 1, 2025, to March 31, 2025 on your local Wikipedia. This year, Feminism and Folklore will focus on feminism, women's issues, and gender-focused topics for the project, with a [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2025|Wiki Loves Folklore]] gender gap focus and a folk culture theme on Wikipedia.
You can help Wikipedia's coverage of folklore from your area by writing or improving articles about things like folk festivals, folk dances, folk music, women and queer folklore figures, folk game athletes, women in mythology, women warriors in folklore, witches and witch hunting, fairy tales, and more. Users can help create new articles, expand or translate from a generated list of suggested articles.
Organisers are requested to work on the following action items to sign up their communities for the project:
# Create a page for the contest on the local wiki.
# Set up a campaign on '''CampWiz''' tool.
# Create the local list and mention the timeline and local and international prizes.
# Request local admins for site notice.
# Link the local page and the CampWiz link on the [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2025/Project Page|meta project page]].
This year, the Wiki Loves Folklore Tech Team has introduced two new tools to enhance support for the campaign. These tools include the '''Article List Generator by Topic''' and '''CampWiz'''. The Article List Generator by Topic enables users to identify articles on the English Wikipedia that are not present in their native language Wikipedia. Users can customize their selection criteria, and the tool will present a table showcasing the missing articles along with suggested titles. Additionally, users have the option to download the list in both CSV and wikitable formats. Notably, the CampWiz tool will be employed for the project for the first time, empowering users to effectively host the project with a jury. Both tools are now available for use in the campaign. [https://tools.wikilovesfolklore.org/ '''Click here to access these tools''']
Learn more about the contest and prizes on our [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2025|project page]]. Feel free to contact us on our [[:m:Talk:Feminism and Folklore 2025/Project Page|meta talk page]] or by email us if you need any assistance.
We look forward to your immense coordination.
Thank you and Best wishes,
'''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2025|Feminism and Folklore 2025 International Team]]'''
::::Stay connected [[File:B&W Facebook icon.png|link=https://www.facebook.com/feminismandfolklore/|30x30px]] [[File:B&W Twitter icon.png|link=https://twitter.com/wikifolklore|30x30px]]
</div></div>
--[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 02:36, 29 ජනවාරි 2025 (යූටීසී)
== Wiki Loves Folklore is back! ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
{{int:please-translate}}
[[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|150px|frameless]]
Dear Wiki Community,
You are humbly invited to participate in the '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2025|Wiki Loves Folklore 2025]]''' an international media contest organized on Wikimedia Commons to document folklore and intangible cultural heritage from different regions, including, folk creative activities and many more. It is held every year from the '''1st till the 31st''' of March.
You can help in enriching the folklore documentation on Commons from your region by taking photos, audios, videos, and [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:UploadWizard&campaign=wlf_2025 submitting] them in this commons contest.
You can also [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2025/Organize|organize a local contest]] in your country and support us in translating the [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2025/Translations|project pages]] to help us spread the word in your native language.
Feel free to contact us on our [[:c:Commons talk:Wiki Loves Folklore 2025|project Talk page]] if you need any assistance.
'''Kind regards,'''
'''Wiki loves Folklore International Team'''
--[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 02:36, 29 ජනවාරි 2025 (යූටීසී)
</div>
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== Reminder: first part of the annual UCoC review closes soon ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
My apologies for writing in English.
{{Int:Please-translate}}.
This is a reminder that the first phase of the annual review period for the Universal Code of Conduct and Enforcement Guidelines will be closing soon. You can make suggestions for changes through [[d:Q614092|the end of day]], 3 February 2025. This is the first step of several to be taken for the annual review.
[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Annual_review|Read more information and find a conversation to join on the UCoC page on Meta]]. After review of the feedback, proposals for updated text will be published on Meta in March for another round of community review.
Please share this information with other members in your community wherever else might be appropriate.
-- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 00:48, 3 පෙබරවාරි 2025 (යූටීසී)
</div>
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== <span lang="en" dir="ltr"> Upcoming Language Community Meeting (Feb 28th, 14:00 UTC) and Newsletter</span> ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr">
<section begin="message"/>
Hello everyone!
[[File:WP20Symbols WIKI INCUBATOR.svg|right|frameless|150x150px|alt=An image symbolising multiple languages]]
We’re excited to announce that the next '''Language Community Meeting''' is happening soon, '''February 28th at 14:00 UTC'''! If you’d like to join, simply sign up on the '''[[mw:Wikimedia_Language_and_Product_Localization/Community_meetings#28_February_2025|wiki page]]'''.
This is a participant-driven meeting where we share updates on language-related projects, discuss technical challenges in language wikis, and collaborate on solutions. In our last meeting, we covered topics like developing language keyboards, creating the Moore Wikipedia, and updates from the language support track at Wiki Indaba.
'''Got a topic to share?''' Whether it’s a technical update from your project, a challenge you need help with, or a request for interpretation support, we’d love to hear from you! Feel free to '''reply to this message''' or add agenda items to the document '''[[etherpad:p/language-community-meeting-feb-2025|here]]'''.
Also, we wanted to highlight that the sixth edition of the Language & Internationalization newsletter (January 2025) is available here: [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Newsletter/2025/January|Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Newsletter/2025/January]]. This newsletter provides updates from the October–December 2024 quarter on new feature development, improvements in various language-related technical projects and support efforts, details about community meetings, and ideas for contributing to projects. To stay updated, you can subscribe to the newsletter on its wiki page: [[:mw:Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Newsletter|Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Newsletter]].
We look forward to your ideas and participation at the language community meeting, see you there!
<section end="message"/>
</div>
<bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 08:29, 22 පෙබරවාරි 2025 (යූටීසී)
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== Universal Code of Conduct annual review: proposed changes are available for comment ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
My apologies for writing in English.
{{Int:Please-translate}}.
I am writing to you to let you know that [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Annual_review/Proposed_Changes|proposed changes]] to the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines|Universal Code of Conduct (UCoC) Enforcement Guidelines]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) Charter]] are open for review. '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Annual_review/Proposed_Changes|You can provide feedback on suggested changes]]''' through the [[d:Q614092|end of day]] on Tuesday, 18 March 2025. This is the second step in the annual review process, the final step will be community voting on the proposed changes.
[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Annual_review|Read more information and find relevant links about the process on the UCoC annual review page on Meta]].
The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] (U4C) is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review was planned and implemented by the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter|you may review the U4C Charter]].
Please share this information with other members in your community wherever else might be appropriate.
-- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] 18:51, 7 මාර්තු 2025 (යූටීසී)
</div>
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== An improved dashboard for the Content Translation tool ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr">
{{Int:hello}} Wikipedians,
Apologies as this message is not in your language, {{Int:please-translate}}.
The [[mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Language_and_Product_Localization|Language and Product Localization team]] has improved the [https://test.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:ContentTranslation&filter-type=automatic&filter-id=previous-edits&active-list=suggestions&from=en&to=es Content Translation dashboard] to create a consistent experience for all contributors using mobile and desktop devices. The improved translation dashboard allows all logged-in users of the tool to enjoy a consistent experience regardless of their type of device.
With a harmonized experience, logged-in desktop users now have access to the capabilities shown in the image below.
[[file:Content_Translation_new-dashboard.png|alt=|center|thumb|576x576px|Notice that in this screenshot, the new dashboard allows: Users to adjust suggestions with the "For you" and "...More" buttons to select general topics or community-created collections (like the example of Climate topic). Also, users can use translation to create new articles (as before) and expand existing articles section by section. You can see how suggestions are provided in the new dashboard in two groups ("Create new pages" and "Expand with new sections")-one for each activity.]]
[[File:Content_Translation_dashboard_on_desktop.png|alt=|center|thumb|577x577px|In the current dashboard, you will notice that you can't adjust suggestions to select topics or community-created collections. Also, you can't expand on existing articles by translating new sections.]]
We will implement [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Content translation#Improved translation experience|this improvement]] on your wiki '''on Monday, March 17th, 2025''' and remove the current dashboard '''by May 2025'''.
Please reach out with any questions concerning the dashboard in this thread.
Thank you!
On behalf of the Language and Product Localization team.
</div>
<bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]]</bdi> 02:56, 13 මාර්තු 2025 (යූටීසී)
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== Final proposed modifications to the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines and U4C Charter now posted ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
The proposed modifications to the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines|Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines]] and the U4C Charter [[m:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Annual_review/2025/Proposed_Changes|are now on Meta-wiki for community notice]] in advance of the voting period. This final draft was developed from the previous two rounds of community review. Community members will be able to vote on these modifications starting on 17 April 2025. The vote will close on 1 May 2025, and results will be announced no later than 12 May 2025. The U4C election period, starting with a call for candidates, will open immediately following the announcement of the review results. More information will be posted on [[m:Special:MyLanguage//Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election|the wiki page for the election]] soon.
Please be advised that this process will require more messages to be sent here over the next two months.
The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]] is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review was planned and implemented by the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, you may [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter|review the U4C Charter]].
Please share this message with members of your community so they can participate as well.
-- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 02:04, 4 අප්රේල් 2025 (යූටීසී)
</div>
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== Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2025: Invitation ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr">
[[File:UCDM 2025 general.png|180px|right]]
{{int:please-translate}}
Hello, dear Wikipedians!<br/>
[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Ukraine|Wikimedia Ukraine]], in cooperation with the [[:en:Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine|MFA of Ukraine]] and [[:en:Ukrainian Institute|Ukrainian Institute]], has launched the fifth edition of writing challenge "'''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2025|Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month]]'''", which lasts from '''14th April''' until '''16th May 2025'''. The campaign is dedicated to famous Ukrainian artists of cinema, music, literature, architecture, design, and cultural phenomena of Ukraine that are now part of world heritage. We accept contributions in every language!
The most active contesters will receive prizes.
If you are interested in coordinating long-term community engagement for the campaign and becoming a local ambassador, we would love to hear from you! Please let us know your interest.
<br/>
We invite you to take part and help us improve the coverage of Ukrainian culture on Wikipedia in your language! Also, we plan to set up a [[:m:CentralNotice/Request/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2025|banner]] to notify users of the possibility to participate in such a challenge! [[:m:User:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)]] ([[:m:User talk:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|talk]])
</div>
16:11, 16 අප්රේල් 2025 (යූටීසී)
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== Vote now on the revised UCoC Enforcement Guidelines and U4C Charter ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
The voting period for the revisions to the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines ("UCoC EG") and the UCoC's Coordinating Committee Charter is open now through the end of 1 May (UTC) ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1746162000 find in your time zone]). [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Annual_review/2025/Voter_information|Read the information on how to participate and read over the proposal before voting]] on the UCoC page on Meta-wiki.
The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]] is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review of the EG and Charter was planned and implemented by the U4C. Further information will be provided in the coming months about the review of the UCoC itself. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, you may [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter|review the U4C Charter]].
Please share this message with members of your community so they can participate as well.
In cooperation with the U4C -- [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 00:34, 17 අප්රේල් 2025 (යූටීසී)
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== Sub-referencing: User testing ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr">
[[File:Sub-referencing reuse visual.png|400px|right]]
<small>''Apologies for writing in English, please help us by providing a translation below''</small>
Hi I’m Johannes from [[:m:Wikimedia Deutschland|Wikimedia Deutschland]]'s [[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes|Technical Wishes team]]. We are making great strides with the new [[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|sub-referencing feature]] and we’d love to invite you to take part in two activities to help us move this work further:
#'''Try it out and share your feedback'''
#:[[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing# Test the prototype|Please try]] the updated ''wikitext'' feature [https://en.wikipedia.beta.wmflabs.org/wiki/Sub-referencing on the beta wiki] and let us know what you think, either [[:m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|on our talk page]] or by [https://greatquestion.co/wikimediadeutschland/talktotechwish booking a call] with our UX researcher.
#'''Get a sneak peak and help shape the ''Visual Editor'' user designs'''
#:Help us test the new design prototypes by participating in user sessions – [https://greatquestion.co/wikimediadeutschland/gxk0taud/apply sign up here to receive an invite]. We're especially hoping to speak with people from underrepresented and diverse groups. If that's you, please consider signing up! No prior or extensive editing experience is required. User sessions will start ''May 14th''.
We plan to bring this feature to Wikimedia wikis later this year. We’ll reach out to wikis for piloting in time for deployments. Creators and maintainers of reference-related tools and templates will be contacted beforehand as well.
Thank you very much for your support and encouragement so far in helping bring this feature to life! </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:Johannes Richter (WMDE)|Johannes Richter (WMDE)]] ([[User talk:Johannes Richter (WMDE)|talk]])</bdi> 15:03, 28 අප්රේල් 2025 (යූටීසී)
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== <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Vote on proposed modifications to the UCoC Enforcement Guidelines and U4C Charter</span> ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr">
<section begin="announcement-content" />
The voting period for the revisions to the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines and U4C Charter closes on 1 May 2025 at 23:59 UTC ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1746162000 find in your time zone]). [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2025/Voter information|Read the information on how to participate and read over the proposal before voting]] on the UCoC page on Meta-wiki.
The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]] is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review was planned and implemented by the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, you may [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|review the U4C Charter]].
Please share this message with members of your community in your language, as appropriate, so they can participate as well.
In cooperation with the U4C -- <section end="announcement-content" />
</div>
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
[[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 03:41, 29 අප්රේල් 2025 (යූටීසී)</div>
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== <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Call for Candidates for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)</span> ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr">
<section begin="announcement-content" />
The results of voting on the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines and Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) Charter is [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2025#Results|available on Meta-wiki]].
You may now [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2025/Candidates|submit your candidacy to serve on the U4C]] through 29 May 2025 at 12:00 UTC. Information about [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2025|eligibility, process, and the timeline are on Meta-wiki]]. Voting on candidates will open on 1 June 2025 and run for two weeks, closing on 15 June 2025 at 12:00 UTC.
If you have any questions, you can ask on [[m:Talk:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2025|the discussion page for the election]]. -- in cooperation with the U4C, </div><section end="announcement-content" />
</div>
<bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|සාකච්ඡාව]])</bdi> 22:07, 15 මැයි 2025 (යූටීසී)
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== RfC ongoing regarding Abstract Wikipedia (and your project) ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
''(Apologies for posting in English, if this is not your first language)''
Hello all! We opened a discussion on Meta about a very delicate issue for the development of [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia|Abstract Wikipedia]]: where to store the abstract content that will be developed through functions from Wikifunctions and data from Wikidata. Since some of the hypothesis involve your project, we wanted to hear your thoughts too.
We want to make the decision process clear: we do not yet know which option we want to use, which is why we are consulting here. We will take the arguments from the Wikimedia communities into account, and we want to consult with the different communities and hear arguments that will help us with the decision. The decision will be made and communicated after the consultation period by the Foundation.
You can read the various hypothesis and have your say at [[:m:Abstract Wikipedia/Location of Abstract Content|Abstract Wikipedia/Location of Abstract Content]]. Thank you in advance! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|<span class="signature-talk">{{int:Talkpagelinktext}}</span>]]) 15:27, 22 මැයි 2025 (යූටීසී)
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== <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees 2025 Selection & Call for Questions</span> ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr">
<section begin="announcement-content" />
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Selection announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Selection announcement}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''
Dear all,
This year, the term of 2 (two) Community- and Affiliate-selected Trustees on the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees will come to an end [1]. The Board invites the whole movement to participate in this year’s selection process and vote to fill those seats.
The Elections Committee will oversee this process with support from Foundation staff [2]. The Governance Committee, composed of trustees who are not candidates in the 2025 community-and-affiliate-selected trustee selection process (Raju Narisetti, Shani Evenstein Sigalov, Lorenzo Losa, Kathy Collins, Victoria Doronina and Esra’a Al Shafei) [3], is tasked with providing Board oversight for the 2025 trustee selection process and for keeping the Board informed. More details on the roles of the Elections Committee, Board, and staff are here [4].
Here are the key planned dates:
* May 22 – June 5: Announcement (this communication) and call for questions period [6]
* June 17 – July 1, 2025: Call for candidates
* July 2025: If needed, affiliates vote to shortlist candidates if more than 10 apply [5]
* August 2025: Campaign period
* August – September 2025: Two-week community voting period
* October – November 2025: Background check of selected candidates
* Board’s Meeting in December 2025: New trustees seated
Learn more about the 2025 selection process - including the detailed timeline, the candidacy process, the campaign rules, and the voter eligibility criteria - on this Meta-wiki page [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025|[link]]].
'''Call for Questions'''
In each selection process, the community has the opportunity to submit questions for the Board of Trustees candidates to answer. The Election Committee selects questions from the list developed by the community for the candidates to answer. Candidates must answer all the required questions in the application in order to be eligible; otherwise their application will be disqualified. This year, the Election Committee will select 5 questions for the candidates to answer. The selected questions may be a combination of what’s been submitted from the community, if they’re alike or related. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Questions_for_candidates|[link]]]
'''Election Volunteers'''
Another way to be involved with the 2025 selection process is to be an Election Volunteer. Election Volunteers are a bridge between the Elections Committee and their respective community. They help ensure their community is represented and mobilize them to vote. Learn more about the program and how to join on this Meta-wiki page [[m:Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Election_volunteers|[link].]]
Thank you!
[1] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Results
[2] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Committee:Elections_Committee_Charter
[3] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Resolution:Committee_Membership,_December_2024
[4] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections_committee/Roles
[5] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/FAQ
[6] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Questions_for_candidates
Best regards,
Victoria Doronina
Board Liaison to the Elections Committee
Governance Committee<section end="announcement-content" />
</div>
[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 03:08, 28 මැයි 2025 (යූටීසී)
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== <span lang="en" dir="ltr"> Upcoming Deployment of the CampaignEvents Extension</span> ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr">
<section begin="message"/>
Hello everyone,
''(Apologies for posting in English if English is not your first language. Please help translate to your language.)''
The Campaigns Product Team is planning a global deployment of the '''[[:mw:Help:Extension:CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents extension]]''' to all Wikipedias, including this wiki, during the '''week of June 23rd'''.
This extension is designed to help organizers plan and manage events, WikiProjects, and other on-wiki collaborations - and to make these efforts more discoverable.
The three main features of this extension are:
* '''[[:m:Event_Center/Registration|Event Registration]]''': A simple way to sign up for events on the wiki.
* '''[[:m:CampaignEvents/Collaboration_list|Collaboration List]]''': A global list of events and a local list of WikiProjects, accessible at '''[[:m:Special:AllEvents|Special:AllEvents]]'''.
* '''[[:m:Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Invitation_list|Invitation Lists]]''': A tool to help organizers find editors who might want to join, based on their past contributions.
'''Note''': The extension comes with a new user right called '''"Event Organizer"''', which will be managed by administrators on this wiki. Organizer tools like Event Registration and Invitation Lists will only work if someone is granted this right. The Collaboration List is available to everyone immediately after deployment.
The extension is already live on several wikis, including '''Meta, Wikidata, English Wikipedia''', and more ( [[m:CampaignEvents/Deployment_status#Current_Deployment_Status_for_CampaignEvents_extension| See the full deployment list]])
If you have any questions, concerns, or feedback, please feel free to share them on the [[m:Talk:CampaignEvents| extension talkpage]]. We’d love to hear from you before the rollout.
Thank you! <section end="message"/>
</div>
<bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:Udehb-WMF|Udehb-WMF]] ([[User talk:Udehb-WMF|සාකච්ඡාව]]) 16:47, 29 මැයි 2025 (යූටීසී)</bdi>
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== Help needed with translating User Interface message strings ==
Hello Wikimedians
I hope this message finds you well! We have some User Interface message strings that need your help to be translated into Sinhala. Right now, they're at 0 percent, and it would be fantastic to get them fully localized.
@[[පරිශීලක:BuddhikaW88|BuddhikaW88]], @[[පරිශීලක:IDB.S|IDB.S]] and @[[පරිශීලක:Lee|Lee]], thank you for all your contributions in this Wikipedia. Maybe you are interested in volunteering to translate the message strings, and anyone else interested in jumping in and lending a hand. Below is the link for the message strings on translatewiki:
* [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special%3ATranslate&group=ext-contenttranslation-automatic-translation&language=si&filter=%21translated&action=translate https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special%3ATranslate&group=ext-contenttranslation-automatic-translation&language=el&filter=%21translated&action=translate]
If you haven’t used [https://translatewiki.net/ translatewiki.net] before, no worries! Here’s what you need:
* A good grasp of both English and Sinhala.
* A TranslateWiki account (your wiki account won’t work here, but you can easily create one with your existing Wiki details, so you don’t have to remember anything new).
* A willingness to follow some simple instructions!
Once you’ve got your account set up, you’ll need to translate a few random messages for the site to authenticate your knowledge of the language. After that, you can dive right into the translations using the links above.
Thanks so much for helping! If you have any questions or need help, let me know.
[[User:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[User talk:UOzurumba (WMF)|talk]]) 06:34, 7 ජූනි 2025 (යූටීසී)
:Last time I tried working with translatewiki, it was 2021-04-08, and I couldn't do it. I asked for help in my talk page, but nobody was there. -- [[User:Lee|Lee]] ([[User talk:Lee|talk]]) 06:39, 7 ජූනි 2025 (යූටීසී)
::Sorry about not getting the help you needed to get started. You can check out [[mediawikiwiki:Help:Extension:Translate/Translation_example|this resource]] and see if it will help. You can also ask a specific person, User: BuddhikaW88, for help directly. Thank you! [[User:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[User talk:UOzurumba (WMF)|talk]]) 23:21, 9 ජූනි 2025 (යූටීසී)
:::Thanks. I'll try one more time then. -- [[User:Lee|Lee]] ([[User talk:Lee|talk]]) 06:21, 10 ජූනි 2025 (යූටීසී)
:Thank you so much, @[[පරිශීලක:BuddhikaW88|BuddhikaW88]]! I truly appreciate your swift work on this. [[:el:Χρήστης:UOzurumba_(WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] [[User:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[User talk:UOzurumba (WMF)|talk]]) 23:23, 9 ජූනි 2025 (යූටීසී)
== Vote now in the 2025 U4C Election ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
Apologies for writing in English.
{{Int:Please-translate}}
Eligible voters are asked to participate in the 2025 [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] election. More information–including an eligibility check, voting process information, candidate information, and a link to the vote–are available on Meta at the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2025|2025 Election information page]]. The vote closes on 17 June 2025 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1750161600 12:00 UTC].
Please vote if your account is eligible. Results will be available by 1 July 2025. -- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 23:01, 13 ජූනි 2025 (යූටීසී) </div>
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== <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees 2025 - Call for Candidates</span> ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr">
<section begin="announcement-content" />
:''<div class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Call for candidates|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Call for candidates}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div>
Hello all,
The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025|call for candidates for the 2025 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees selection is now open]] from June 17, 2025 – July 2, 2025 at 11:59 UTC [1]. The Board of Trustees oversees the Wikimedia Foundation's work, and each Trustee serves a three-year term [2]. This is a volunteer position.
This year, the Wikimedia community will vote in late August through September 2025 to fill two (2) seats on the Foundation Board. Could you – or someone you know – be a good fit to join the Wikimedia Foundation's Board of Trustees? [3]
Learn more about what it takes to stand for these leadership positions and how to submit your candidacy on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Candidate application|this Meta-wiki page]] or encourage someone else to run in this year's election.
Best regards,
Abhishek Suryawanshi<br />
Chair of the Elections Committee
On behalf of the Elections Committee and Governance Committee
[1] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Call_for_candidates
[2] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Legal:Bylaws#(B)_Term.
[3] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Resources_for_candidates<section end="announcement-content" />
</div>
[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 17:44, 17 ජූනි 2025 (යූටීසී)
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== <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Sister Projects Task Force reviews Wikispore and Wikinews</span> ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr">
<section begin="message"/>
Dear Wikimedia Community,
The [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee|Community Affairs Committee (CAC)]] of the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees assigned [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee/Sister Projects Task Force|the Sister Projects Task Force (SPTF)]] to update and implement a procedure for assessing the lifecycle of Sister Projects – wiki [[m:Wikimedia projects|projects supported by Wikimedia Foundation (WMF)]].
A vision of relevant, accessible, and impactful free knowledge has always guided the Wikimedia Movement. As the ecosystem of Wikimedia projects continues to evolve, it is crucial that we periodically review existing projects to ensure they still align with our goals and community capacity.
Despite their noble intent, some projects may no longer effectively serve their original purpose. '''Reviewing such projects is not about giving up – it's about responsible stewardship of shared resources'''. Volunteer time, staff support, infrastructure, and community attention are finite, and the non-technical costs tend to grow significantly as our ecosystem has entered a different age of the internet than the one we were founded in. Supporting inactive projects or projects that didn't meet our ambitions can unintentionally divert these resources from areas with more potential impact.
Moreover, maintaining projects that no longer reflect the quality and reliability of the Wikimedia name stands for, involves a reputational risk. An abandoned or less reliable project affects trust in the Wikimedia movement.
Lastly, '''failing to sunset or reimagine projects that are no longer working can make it much harder to start new ones'''. When the community feels bound to every past decision – no matter how outdated – we risk stagnation. A healthy ecosystem must allow for evolution, adaptation, and, when necessary, letting go. If we create the expectation that every project must exist indefinitely, we limit our ability to experiment and innovate.
Because of this, SPTF reviewed two requests concerning the lifecycle of the Sister Projects to work through and demonstrate the review process. We chose Wikispore as a case study for a possible new Sister Project opening and Wikinews as a case study for a review of an existing project. Preliminary findings were discussed with the CAC, and a community consultation on both proposals was recommended.
=== Wikispore ===
The [[m:Wikispore|application to consider Wikispore]] was submitted in 2019. SPTF decided to review this request in more depth because rather than being concentrated on a specific topic, as most of the proposals for the new Sister Projects are, Wikispore has the potential to nurture multiple start-up Sister Projects.
After careful consideration, the SPTF has decided '''not to recommend''' Wikispore as a Wikimedia Sister Project. Considering the current activity level, the current arrangement allows '''better flexibility''' and experimentation while WMF provides core infrastructural support.
We acknowledge the initiative's potential and seek community input on what would constitute a sufficient level of activity and engagement to reconsider its status in the future.
As part of the process, we shared the decision with the Wikispore community and invited one of its leaders, Pharos, to an SPTF meeting.
Currently, we especially invite feedback on measurable criteria indicating the project's readiness, such as contributor numbers, content volume, and sustained community support. This would clarify the criteria sufficient for opening a new Sister Project, including possible future Wikispore re-application. However, the numbers will always be a guide because any number can be gamed.
=== Wikinews ===
We chose to review Wikinews among existing Sister Projects because it is the one for which we have observed the highest level of concern in multiple ways.
Since the SPTF was convened in 2023, its members have asked for the community's opinions during conferences and community calls about Sister Projects that did not fulfil their promise in the Wikimedia movement.[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:WCNA_2024._Sister_Projects_-_opening%3F_closing%3F_merging%3F_splitting%3F.pdf <nowiki>[1]</nowiki>][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_Community_Affairs_Committee/Sister_Projects_Task_Force#Wikimania_2023_session_%22Sister_Projects:_past,_present_and_the_glorious_future%22 <nowiki>[2]</nowiki>][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WikiConvention_francophone/2024/Programme/Quelle_proc%C3%A9dure_pour_ouvrir_ou_fermer_un_projet_%3F <nowiki>[3]</nowiki>] Wikinews was the leading candidate for an evaluation because people from multiple language communities proposed it. Additionally, by most measures, it is the least active Sister Project, with the greatest drop in activity over the years.
While the Language Committee routinely opens and closes language versions of the Sister Projects in small languages, there has never been a valid proposal to close Wikipedia in major languages or any project in English. This is not true for Wikinews, where there was a proposal to close English Wikinews, which gained some traction but did not result in any action[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Proposals_for_closing_projects/Closure_of_English_Wikinews <nowiki>[4]</nowiki>][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WikiConvention_francophone/2024/Programme/Quelle_proc%C3%A9dure_pour_ouvrir_ou_fermer_un_projet_%3F <nowiki>[5]</nowiki>, see section 5] as well as a draft proposal to close all languages of Wikinews[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Talk:Proposals_for_closing_projects/Archive_2#Close_Wikinews_completely,_all_languages? <nowiki>[6]</nowiki>].
[[:c:File:Sister Projects Taskforce Wikinews review 2024.pdf|Initial metrics]] compiled by WMF staff also support the community's concerns about Wikinews.
Based on this report, SPTF recommends a community reevaluation of Wikinews. We conclude that its current structure and activity levels are the lowest among the existing sister projects. SPTF also recommends pausing the opening of new language editions while the consultation runs.
SPTF brings this analysis to a discussion and welcomes discussions of alternative outcomes, including potential restructuring efforts or integration with other Wikimedia initiatives.
'''Options''' mentioned so far (which might be applied to just low-activity languages or all languages) include but are not limited to:
*Restructure how Wikinews works and is linked to other current events efforts on the projects,
*Merge the content of Wikinews into the relevant language Wikipedias, possibly in a new namespace,
*Merge content into compatibly licensed external projects,
*Archive Wikinews projects.
Your insights and perspectives are invaluable in shaping the future of these projects. We encourage all interested community members to share their thoughts on the relevant discussion pages or through other designated feedback channels.
=== Feedback and next steps ===
We'd be grateful if you want to take part in a conversation on the future of these projects and the review process. We are setting up two different project pages: [[m:Public consultation about Wikispore|Public consultation about Wikispore]] and [[m:Public consultation about Wikinews|Public consultation about Wikinews]]. Please participate between 27 June 2025 and 27 July 2025, after which we will summarize the discussion to move forward. You can write in your own language.
I will also host a community conversation 16th July Wednesday 11.00 UTC and 17th July Thursday 17.00 UTC (call links to follow shortly) and will be around at Wikimania for more discussions.
<section end="message"/>
</div>
-- [[User:Victoria|Victoria]] on behalf of the Sister Project Task Force, 20:57, 27 ජූනි 2025 (යූටීසී)
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== <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Temporary accounts will be rolled out soon</span> ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr">
<section begin="body"/>
Hello, we are the Wikimedia Foundation [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity|Product Safety and Integrity]] team. We would like to announce that '''we plan to enable [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|temporary accounts]] for this wiki in the week of September 1'''.
Temporary accounts are successfully live on 30 wikis, including many large ones like German, Japanese, and French. The change they bring is especially relevant to logged-out editors, who this feature is designed to protect. But it is also relevant to community members like mentors, patrollers, and admins – anyone who reverts edits, blocks users, or otherwise interacts with logged-out editors as part of keeping the wikis safe and accurate.
'''Why we are building temporary accounts'''
Our wikis should be safer to edit by default for logged-out editors. Temporary accounts allow people to continue editing the wikis without creating an account, while avoiding publicly tying their edits to their IP address. We believe this is in the best interest of our logged-out editors, who make valuable contributions to the wikis and who may later create accounts and grow our community of editors, admins, and other roles. Even though the wikis do warn logged-out editors that their IP address will be associated with their edit, many people may not understand what an IP address is, or that it could be used to connect them to other information about them in ways they might not expect.
Additionally, our moderation software and tools rely too heavily on network origin (IP addresses) to identify users and patterns of activity, especially as IP addresses themselves are becoming less stable as identifiers. Temporary accounts allow for more precise interactions with logged-out editors, including more precise blocks, and can help limit how often we unintentionally end up blocking good-faith users who use the same IP addresses as bad-faith users.
'''How temporary accounts work'''
[[File:Temporary account banner and empty talk page.png|thumb]]
Any time a logged-out user publishes an edit on this wiki, a cookie will be set in this user's browser, and a temporary account tied with this cookie will be automatically created. This account's name will follow the pattern: <code dir=ltr>~2025-12345-67</code> (a tilde, current year, a number). On pages like Recent Changes or page history, this name will be displayed. The cookie will expire 90 days after its creation. As long as it exists, all edits made from this device will be attributed to this temporary account. It will be the same account even if the IP address changes, unless the user clears their cookies or uses a different device or web browser. A record of the IP address used at the time of each edit will be stored for 90 days after the edit. However, only some logged-in users will be able to see it.
'''What does this mean for different groups of users?'''
'''For logged-out editors'''
* This increases privacy: currently, if you do not use a registered account to edit, then everybody can see the IP address for the edits you made, even after 90 days. That will no longer be possible on this wiki.
* If you use a temporary account to edit from different locations in the last 90 days (for example at home and at a coffee shop), the edit history and the IP addresses for all those locations will now be recorded together, for the same temporary account. Users who [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Access_to_temporary_account_IP_addresses|meet the relevant requirements]] will be able to view this data. If this creates any personal security concerns for you, please contact talktohumanrights at wikimedia.org for advice.
'''For community members interacting with logged-out editors'''
* A temporary account is uniquely linked to a device. In comparison, an IP address can be shared with different devices and people (for example, different people at school or at work might have the same IP address).
* Compared to the current situation, it will be safer to assume that a temporary user's talk page belongs to only one person, and messages left there will be read by them. As you can see in the screenshot, temporary account users will receive notifications. It will also be possible to thank them for their edits, ping them in discussions, and invite them to get more involved in the community.
'''For users who use IP address data to moderate and maintain the wiki'''
* '''For patrollers''' who track persistent abusers, investigate violations of policies, etc.: Users who [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Access_to_temporary_account_IP_addresses|meet the requirements]] will be able to reveal temporary users' IP addresses and all contributions made by temporary accounts from a specific IP address or range ([[Special:IPContributions]]). They will also have access to useful information about the IP addresses thanks to the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/IP Info|IP Info]] feature. Many other pieces of software have been built or adjusted to work with temporary accounts, including AbuseFilter, global blocks, Global User Contributions, and more. (For information for volunteer developers on how to update the code of your tools – see the last part of the message.)
* '''For admins blocking logged-out editors''':
** It will be possible to block many abusers by just blocking their temporary accounts. A blocked person won't be able to create new temporary accounts quickly if the admin selects the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Autoblock|autoblock]] option.
** It will still be possible to block an IP address or IP range.
* Temporary accounts will not be retroactively applied to contributions made before the deployment. On Special:Contributions, you will be able to see existing IP user contributions, but not new contributions made by temporary accounts on that IP address. Instead, you should use Special:IPContributions for this.
'''Our requests for you, and next steps'''
* If you know of any tools, bots, gadgets etc. using data about IP addresses or being available for logged-out users, you may want to test if they work on [[testwiki:Main_Page|testwiki]] or [[test2wiki:Main_Page|test2wiki]]. If you are a volunteer developer, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/For developers|read our documentation for developers]], and in particular, the section on [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/For developers#How should I update my code?|how your code might need to be updated]].
* If you want to test the temporary account experience, for example just to check what it feels like, go to testwiki or test2wiki and edit without logging in.
* Tell us if you know of any difficulties that need to be addressed. We will try to help, and if we are not able, we will consider the available options.
* Look at our [[m:Meta:Babel#Temporary_Accounts:_access_to_IP_addresses_and_next_steps|previous message]] about requirements for users without extended rights who may need access to IP addresses.
To learn more about the project, check out [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/FAQ|our FAQ]] – you will find many useful answers there. You may also [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/Updates|look at the updates]] (we have just posted one) and [[mw:Newsletter:Product Safety and Integrity|subscribe to our new newsletter]]. If you'd like to talk to me (Szymon) off-wiki, you will find me on Discord and Telegram. Thank you!<section end="body" />
</div>
<bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:user:NKohli (WMF)|NKohli (WMF)]], [[m:user:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]]</bdi> 21:36, 26 අගෝස්තු 2025 (යූටීසී)
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== <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Have your say: vote for the 2025 Board of Trustees</span> ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr">
<section begin="announcement-content" />
Hello all,
The voting period for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025|2025 Board of Trustees election]] is now open. Candidates are running for two (2) seats on the Board.
To check your voter eligibility, please visit the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Voter eligibility guidelines|voter eligibility page]].
Learn more about them by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Candidates|reading their application statements and watch their candidacy videos]].
When you are ready, go to the [[m:Special:SecurePoll/vote/405|SecurePoll voting page to vote]].
'''The vote is open from October 8 at 00:00 UTC to October 22 at 23:59 UTC.'''
Best regards,
Abhishek Suryawanshi<br />Chair, Elections Committee<section end="announcement-content" />
</div>
[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 04:48, 9 ඔක්තෝබර් 2025 (යූටීසී)
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== <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Help us decide the name of the new Abstract Wikipedia project</span> ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr">
<section begin="function1"/>
{{int:Hello}}. Please help pick a name for the new Abstract Wikipedia wiki project. This project will be a wiki that will enable users to combine functions from [[:f:|Wikifunctions]] and data from Wikidata in order to generate natural language sentences in any supported languages. These sentences can then be used by any Wikipedia (or elsewhere).
There will be two rounds of voting, each followed by legal review of candidates, with votes beginning on 20 October and 17 November 2025. Our goal is to have a final project name selected on mid-December 2025. If you would like to participate, then '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Abstract Wikipedia naming contest|please learn more and vote now]]''' at meta-wiki.
{{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}}
<section end="function1"/>
</div>
-- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 11:43, 20 ඔක්තෝබර් 2025 (යූටීසී)
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== <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Seeking volunteers to join several of the movement’s committees</span> ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr">
<section begin="announcement-content" />
Each year, typically from October through December, several of the movement’s committees seek new volunteers.
Read more about the committees on their Meta-wiki pages:
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee|Affiliations Committee (AffCom)]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ombuds commission|Ombuds commission (OC)]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Legal/Community Resilience and Sustainability/Trust and Safety/Case Review Committee|Case Review Committee (CRC)]]
Applications for the committees open on October 30, 2025. Applications for the Affiliations Committee, Ombuds commission and the Case Review Committee close on December 11, 2025. Learn how to apply by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Legal/Committee appointments|visiting the appointment page on Meta-wiki]]. Post to the talk page or email cst[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org with any questions you may have.
For the Committee Support team,
<section end="announcement-content" />
</div>
-[[m:User:MKaur (WMF)| MKaur (WMF)]] 14:13, 30 ඔක්තෝබර් 2025 (යූටීසී)
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== <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Reminder: Help us decide the name of the new Abstract Wikipedia project</span> ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr">
<section begin="function2"/>
{{int:Hello}}. Reminder: Please help to choose name for the new Abstract Wikipedia wiki project. The finalist vote starts today. The finalists for the name are: <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Abstract Wikipedia, Multilingual Wikipedia, Wikiabstracts, Wikigenerator, Proto-Wiki</span>. If you would like to participate, then '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Abstract Wikipedia naming contest|please learn more and vote now]]''' at meta-wiki.
{{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}}
<section end="function2"/>
</div>
-- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 14:22, 20 නොවැම්බර් 2025 (යූටීසී)
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== Feminism and Folklore 2026 starts soon ==
<div style="border:8px maroon ridge;padding:6px;">
[[File:Feminism and Folklore 2026 logo.svg|centre|550px|frameless]]
::<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
<div style="text-align: center; width: 100%;">''{{int:please-translate}}''</div>
;Invitation to Organize Feminism and Folklore 2026
Dear Wiki Community,
We are pleased to invite Wikimedia communities, affiliates, and independent contributors to organize the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026]]''' writing competition on your local Wikipedia.
The international campaign will run from '''1 February to 31 March 2026''' and aims to improve coverage of feminism, women’s histories, gender-related topics, and folk culture across Wikipedia projects.
;About the Campaign
'''Feminism and Folklore''' is a global writing initiative that complements the '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2026|Wiki Loves Folklore]]''' photography competition. While Wiki Loves Folklore focuses on visual documentation, this writing campaign addresses the '''gender gap on Wikipedia''' by improving encyclopedic content related to folk culture and marginalized voices.
;What Can Participants Write About?
Communities can contribute by creating, expanding, or translating articles related to:
* Folk festivals, rituals, and celebrations
* Folk dances, music, and traditional performances
* Women and queer figures in folklore
* Women in mythology and oral traditions
* Women warriors, witches, and witch-hunting narratives
* Fairy tales, folk stories, and legends
* Folk games, sports, and cultural practices
Participants may work from curated article lists or generate new article suggestions using campaign tools.
;How to Sign Up as an Organizer
Organizers are requested to complete the following steps to register their community:
# Create a local project page on your wiki [[:m:Feminism and Folklore/Sample|(see sample)]]
# Set up the campaign using the '''CampWiz''' tool
# Prepare a local article list and clearly mention:
#* Campaign timeline
#* Local and international prizes
# Request a site notice from local administrators [[:mr:Template:SN-FNF|(see sample)]]
# Add your local project page and CampWiz link to the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026/Project Page|Meta project page]]'''
;Campaign Tools
The Wiki Loves Folklore Tech Team has introduced tools to support organizers and participants:
* '''Article List Generator by Topic''' – Helps identify articles available on English Wikipedia but missing in your local language Wikipedia. The tool allows customized filters and provides downloadable article lists in CSV and wikitable formats.
* '''CampWiz''' – Enables communities to manage writing campaigns effectively, including jury-based evaluation. This will be the third year CampWiz is officially used for Feminism and Folklore.
Both tools are now available for use in the campaign. '''[https://tools.wikilovesfolklore.org/ Click here to access the tools]'''
;Learn More & Get Support
For detailed information about rules, timelines, and prizes, please visit the
'''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026 project page]]'''.
If you have any questions or need assistance, feel free to reach out via:
* '''[[:m:Talk:Feminism and Folklore 2026/Project Page|Meta talk page]]'''
* Email us using details on the contact page.
;Join Us
We look forward to your collaboration and coordination in making Feminism and Folklore 2026 a meaningful and impactful campaign for closing gender gaps and enriching folk culture content on Wikipedia.
Thank you and best wishes,
'''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026 International Team]]'''
----
''Stay connected:''
[[File:B&W Facebook icon.png|link=https://www.facebook.com/feminismandfolklore/|30x30px]]
[[File:B&W Twitter icon.png|link=https://twitter.com/wikifolklore|30x30px]]
</div></div>
== Invitation to Host Wiki Loves Folklore 2026 in Your Country ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
<div style="text-align: center; width: 100%;">''{{int:please-translate}}''</div>
[[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|150px|frameless]]
Hello everyone,
We are delighted to invite Wikimedia affiliates, user groups, and community organizations worldwide to participate in '''Wiki Loves Folklore 2026''', an international initiative dedicated to documenting and celebrating folk culture across the globe.
;About Wiki Loves Folklore
'''Wiki Loves Folklore''' is an annual international photography competition hosted on Wikimedia Commons. The campaign runs from '''1 February to 31 March 2026''' and encourages photographers, cultural enthusiasts, and community members to contribute photographs that highlight:
* Folk traditions and rituals
* Cultural festivals and celebrations
* Traditional attire and crafts
* Performing arts, music, and dance
* Everyday practices rooted in folk heritage
Through this campaign, we aim to preserve and promote diverse folk cultures and make them freely accessible to the world.
[[:c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Folklore_2026|Project page on Wikimedia Commons]]
; Host a Local Edition
As we celebrate the '''eight edition''' of Wiki Loves Folklore, we warmly invite communities to organize a local edition in their country or region. Hosting a local campaign is a great opportunity to:
* Increase visibility of your region’s folk culture
* Engage new contributors in your community
* Enrich Wikimedia Commons with high-quality cultural content
'''[[:c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Folklore_2026/Organize|Sign up to organize]]:'''
If your team prefers to organize the competition in ''either February or March only'', please feel free to let us know.
If you are unable to organize, we encourage you to share this opportunity with other interested groups or organizations in your region.
;Get in Touch
If you have any questions, need support, or would like to explore collaboration opportunities, please feel free to contact us via:
* The project Talk pages
* Email: '''support@wikilovesfolklore.org'''
We are also happy to connect via an online meeting if your team would like to discuss planning or coordination in more detail.
Warm regards,
'''The Wiki Loves Folklore International Team'''
</div>
[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 13:21, 18 ජනවාරි 2026 (යූටීසී)
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== <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Annual review of the Universal Code of Conduct and Enforcement Guidelines</span> ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr">
<section begin="announcement-content" />
I am writing to you to let you know the annual review period for the Universal Code of Conduct and Enforcement Guidelines is open now. You can make suggestions for changes through 9 February 2026. This is the first step of several to be taken for the annual review. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2026|Read more information and find a conversation to join on the UCoC page on Meta]].
The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] (U4C) is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review was planned and implemented by the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|you may review the U4C Charter]].
Please share this information with other members in your community wherever else might be appropriate.
-- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]])<section end="announcement-content" />
</div>
21:01, 19 ජනවාරි 2026 (යූටීසී)
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== Join the sixth Ukraine’s Cultural Diplomacy Month on Wikipedia! ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr">
[[File:Ukraine’s Cultural Diplomacy Month on Wikipedia 2026.png|right|250px|thumb|link=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Ukraine%27s_Cultural_Diplomacy_Month_2026|Join our campaign!]]
{{int:please-translate}}
Dear Wikipedians!
[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Ukraine|Wikimedia Ukraine]], in cooperation with the [[:en:Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine|MFA of Ukraine]] and [[:en:Ukrainian Institute|Ukrainian Institute]], has launched the sixth edition of writing challenge "'''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month]]'''", which lasts from '''1st April''' until '''30th April 2026'''.
The initiative aims to promote knowledge about Ukrainian culture abroad by creating and improving Wikipedia articles in multiple languages. This year marks the sixth edition of the campaign, which will focus on contemporary culture, making today’s artistic voices and practices more visible to international audiences.
🧩'''How to participate?'''
Choose an article from the suggested list → Write an article in your language, or improve an existing one according to the rules → Add your contribution to the contest page and calculate your points → Win prizes and receive a certificate of participation → Become a promoter of truthful knowledge about Ukraine.
🧩'''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|Check our main page for more information]]'''.
'''If you are interested in coordinating long-term community engagement for the campaign and becoming a local ambassador, we would love to hear from you! Please let us know your interest.'''
If not, then we encourage you to translate the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|landing page of the contest]] and [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MessageGroupStats?group=Centralnotice-tgroup-UCDM2026banner&messages=&language=en&x=D banner] into your own language.
Also, we set up a [[:m:CentralNotice/Request/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|banner]] to notify users of the possibility to participate in this challenge!
[[:m:User:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)]] ([[:m:User talk:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|talk]]) 04:35, 1 April 2026 (UTC)
</div>
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== Scholarship Applications Open for WikiConference India 2026 ==
Hello everyone,
Scholarship applications are now open for WikiConference India 2026. The conference will take place from 4th to 6th September 2026 in Kochi, India.
WikiConference India brings together Wikimedians, community organizers, and contributors from across India, South Asia, and beyond. It is a space to connect, learn, share experiences, and collaborate on strengthening the free knowledge movement.
If you are an active contributor to Wikimedia projects or involved in community activities, you are encouraged to apply for the scholarship. Detailed announcement is [[diffblog:2026/03/19/namukku-othukoodam-scholarships-now-open-for-wikiconference-india-2026/|'''here''']]. 🙂
Application deadline: [15th April 2026 11:59 p.m. IST]
Application link: [[https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdA3rR9xX_k31dzJrjM5MTDNYNUIRcAB45S4TflsYCbGJNrzg/viewform?usp=header application link]]
More information: [<nowiki/>[[metawiki:WikiConference_India_2026/Scholarship|Meta page link]]]
Please feel free to share this announcement with others in your community.
Thank you.
WikiConference India 2026 Organising Team [[User:Athulvis|Athulvis]] ([[User talk:Athulvis|talk]]) 06:41, 9 අප්රේල් 2026 (යූටීසී)
== Request for comment (global AI policy) ==
<bdi lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
Apologies for writing in English. {{int:Please-translate}}
A [[:m:Requests for comment/Artificial intelligence policy|request for comment]] is currently being held to decide on a global AI policy. {{int:Feedback-thanks-title}}
[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 00:58, 26 අප්රේල් 2026 (යූටීසී)
</bdi>
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== <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Vote now in the 2026 U4C election</span> ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr">
<section begin="announcement-content" />
Eligible voters are asked to participate in the 2026 [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] election. More information–including an eligibility check, voting process information, candidate information, and a link to the vote–are available on Meta at the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026|2026 Election information page]]. The vote closes on 2 June 2026 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1780358400 00:00 UTC].
Please vote if your account is eligible. Results will be available by 14 June 2026. -- In cooperation with the U4C,<section end="announcement-content" />
</div>
[[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 17:14, 27 මැයි 2026 (යූටීසී)
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== <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Migration to Parsoid</span> ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr">
<section begin="announcement-content" />
<em>[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Product and Technology/Parsoid Read Views/Read View Announcement|Read this in another language]]</em>
Hello everyone! I am glad to inform you that as the next step in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification|Parser Unification]] project, Parsoid will soon be turned on as the default article renderer on your wiki. We are gradually increasing the number of wikis using Parsoid, with the intention of making it the default wikitext parser for MediaWiki's next long-term support release. This will make our wikis more reliable and consistent for editors, readers, and tools to use, as well as making the development of future wikitext features easier.
If this disrupts your workflow, don’t worry! You can still opt out through a user preference or turn Parsoid off on the current page using the Tools submenu, as described in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:ParserMigration|Extension:ParserMigration]] documentation.
There is [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification/Confidence Framework|more information about our roll-out strategy]] available, including the testing done before we turn on Parsoid for a new wiki.
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<bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[mw:User:ABreault (WMF)|Content Transform Team]]</bdi> 23:21, 2 ජූනි 2026 (යූටීසී)
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== ෆිල්මි ==
ෆිල්මි යන්න පෙරදී මෙම ව්යාපෘතිය තුළ භාවිතා වූ යෙදුමක්. එයට අදාළ ප්රවර්ග හිස් කොට මකා දැමීම වෙනුවට ඒවා වෙනස් කරන්නේ නම් පැහැදිලි paper trail එකක් ඉතිරි කිරීම අවශ්යයි. මෙම වෙනස් කිරීමට අදාළ සාකච්ඡාවක් සිදු වූ ස්ථානය සොයා දිය හැකි ද? -- [[User:Lee|Lee]] ([[User talk:Lee|talk]]) 04:00, 21 ජූනි 2026 (යූටීසී)
:ඔව්. මෙම වෙනස්කිරීමට අදාළ සාකච්ඡාව ඉංග්රීසි විකිපීඩියාවේ මෙහි ඇත:
:[[:en:Talk:Indian film music#Requested_move_10_May_2026]]
:එම සාකච්ඡාවේදී "Filmi" යන්න සමස්ත ඉන්දීය චිත්රපට සංගීතය සඳහා භාවිත වන නාමයක් නොවන බවත්, එය බොහෝවිට බොලිවුඩ්/හින්දි චිත්රපට සංගීතය සඳහා භාවිත වන යෙදුමක් බවත් පෙන්වා දෙන ලදී. ඒ අනුව ඉංග්රීසි විකිපීඩියාවේ "Filmi" ලිපිය "Indian film music" ලෙස ගෙන යන ලදී.
:සිංහල විකිපීඩියාවේ මෙම ප්රවර්ගය පැරණි ඉංග්රීසි විකිපීඩියා වර්ගීකරණය අනුගමනය කරමින් නිර්මාණය කර තිබූ බව පෙනේ. එබැවින් මෙය ස්වාධීනව ස්ථාපිත වූ දේශීය වර්ගීකරණයක් නොව, ඉංග්රීසි විකිපීඩියාවේ වසර ගණනාවක් පැවති නාමකරණ/විෂය පථ දෝෂයක් අනුකරණය කිරීමක් ලෙස මම සලකමි. මගේ වෙනස්කිරීමේ අරමුණ වූයේ එම උරුම වූ දෝෂය නිවැරදි කිරීමයි. [[User:Οἶδα|Οἶδα]] ([[User talk:Οἶδα|talk]]) 04:51, 21 ජූනි 2026 (යූටීසී)
::ඒ කියන්නේ සරළව, සිංහල විකිපීඩියාව තුළ අදාළ කරුණ සඳහා සාකච්ඡාවක් සිදු වී නැති බව ද? -- [[User:Lee|Lee]] ([[User talk:Lee|talk]]) 15:34, 21 ජූනි 2026 (යූටීසී)
:::නැත, මෙම වෙනස්කිරීම සම්බන්ධයෙන් සිංහල විකිපීඩියාව තුළ වෙනම සාකච්ඡාවක් සිදු වී නැත.
:::කෙසේ වෙතත්, මාගේ අදහස වන්නේ මෙය සිංහල විකිපීඩියාව තුළ ස්වාධීනව සංවර්ධනය වූ වර්ගීකරණයක් නොවන බවයි. ප්රවර්ගය නිර්මාණය කළ අවස්ථාවේදී ඉංග්රීසි විකිපීඩියාවේ තිබූ වර්ගීකරණය සෘජුව අනුකරණය කර ඇති බව පෙනේ. එබැවින් එම වර්ගීකරණයේ නාමකරණ හෝ විෂය පථ ගැටලුවක් පසුව හඳුනාගෙන නිවැරදි කර ඇත්නම්, එම දෝෂය සිංහල විකිපීඩියාවට පිටපත් වී තිබීම පමණින් එය නිවැරදි වර්ගීකරණයක් බවට පත් නොවේ. [[User:Οἶδα|Οἶδα]] ([[User talk:Οἶδα|talk]]) 18:10, 21 ජූනි 2026 (යූටීසී)
== RFC about AI-generated content in Wikimedia Commons ==
<bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">Apologies for writing in English, please help translate this message to your language. You are invited to participate in a [[c:Commons:Requests for comment/Policy update for AI content|request for comment on Wikimedia Commons about a policy update for AI content]]. This may affect files that are uploaded to Wikimedia Commons for use on this project. Thank you. [[m:User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]] ([[m:User talk:Codename Noreste|සාකච්ඡාව]])</bdi> 17:11, 23 ජූනි 2026 (යූටීසී)
<!-- Message sent by User:Codename Noreste@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=30513860 -->
== <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Deployment of Legal and Safety Contacts Link in the Footer of Your Wiki</span> ==
<div lang="en" dir="ltr">
<section begin="Message"/>
'''Legal & Safety Contacts'''
Hello community, the Wikimedia Foundation has provided a [[wmf:Special:MyLanguage/Legal:Wikimedia Foundation Legal and Safety Contact Information|single legal and safety contact page]], to be linked in the footer of your wiki, to ensure access to accurate legal information. This is a regulatory requirement. We have already rolled out links to English, German, Italian, Spanish and other wikis and we will deploy to your wiki soon. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Legal_and_Safety_Contacts_FAQ|Please read more on the project page]] and leave any comments in this thread or on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Legal and Safety Contacts FAQ|talk page]].
<section end="Message"/>
</div>
-- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 13:30, 25 ජූනි 2026 (යූටීසී)
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3z9cohj5275hyunzyh79xamwma5fo2z
කුමාර් සංගක්කාර
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Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5
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{{තොරතුරුකොටුව ක්රිකට්ක්රීඩකයා චරිතාපදානය
| playername = කුමාර් සංගක්කාර
| country = ශ්රී ලංකාව
| country_adj = ශ්රී ලංකා
| fullname = කුමාර් චොක්ශානද සංගක්කාර
| image = Kumar Sangakkara bat in hand.JPG
| caption =
| nickname = සංගා {{!}} GOAT of Cricket (GOAT යනු Greatest Of All Time එනම් සදාකාලිකවම ශ්රේෂ්ඨ)
| living = true
| dayofbirth = 27
| monthofbirth = 10
| yearofbirth = 1977
| placeofbirth = [[මාතලේ]]
| countryofbirth = [[ශ්රී ලංකාව]]
| height= මීටර් 1.78
| batting = වමත්
| bowling = දකුණත් [[පිට දඟ|පා දඟ]]
| role = [[කඩුළු රකින්නා]], පිතිකරු
| international = true
| testdebutdate =ජූලි 20
| testdebutyear = 2000
| testdebutagainst = දකුණු අප්රිකාව
| testcap = 84
| lasttestdate = ජනවාරි 3-7
| lasttestyear = 2015
| lasttestagainst = නවසීලන්තය
| odidebutdate = ජූලි 5
| odidebutyear = 2000
| odidebutagainst = පකිස්ථානය
| odicap = 93
| lastodidate = මාර්තු 18
| lastodiyear = 2015
| lastodiagainst = දකුණු අප්රිකාව
| odishirt = 11
| club1 = [[නොන්ඩෙස්ක්රිප්ට්ස් ක්රිකට් ක්රීඩා සංගමය|එන්සීසී]]
| year1 = 1997–වර්තමානය
| club2 = [[කිංග්ස් XI පංජාබ්]]
| year2 = 2008–2010
| club3 = [[වොර්වික්ෂයර් ප්රාන්ත ක්රිකට් ක්රීඩා සංගමය|වෝර්වික්ෂයර්]]
| year3 = 2007
| club4 = [[ඩෙකෑන් චාර්ජර්ස්]]
| year4 = 2011
| club5 = [[සරේ ප්රාන්ත පිළ]]
| year5 = 2015–වර්තමානය
| columns = 4
| column1 = [[ටෙස්ට් ක්රිකට්|ටෙස්ට්]] තරග
| matches1 = 130
| runs1 = 12,203
| bat avg1 = 58.66
| 100s/50s1 = 38/51
| top score1 = 319
| deliveries1 = 84
| wickets1 = 0
| bowl avg1 = –
| fivefor1 = –
| tenfor1 = –
| best bowling1 = –
| catches/stumpings1 = 178/20
| column2 = [[එක් දින ජාත්යන්තරය|එදිජා]]
| matches2 = 404
| runs2 = 14,234
| bat avg2 = 41.98
| 100s/50s2 = 25/93
| top score2 = 169
| deliveries2 = –
| wickets2 = –
| bowl avg2 = –
| fivefor2 = –
| tenfor2 = –
| best bowling2 = –
| catches/stumpings2 = 402/99
| column3 = [[පළමු-පෙල ක්රිකට්|පපෙ]]
| matches3 = 230
| runs3 = 17,829
| bat avg3 = 51.07
| 100s/50s3 = 52/76
| top score3 = 319
| deliveries3 = 246
| wickets3 = 1
| bowl avg3 = 150.00
| fivefor3 = 0
| tenfor3 = 0
| best bowling3 = 1/13
| catches/stumpings3 = 347/33
| column4 = [[ලැයිස්තු ඒ ක්රිකට්|ලැඒ]]
| matches4 = 504
| runs4 = 18,141
| bat avg4 = 42.68
| 100s/50s4 = 34/114
| top score4 = 169
| deliveries4 = –
| wickets4 = –
| bowl avg4 = –
| fivefor4 = –
| tenfor4 = –
| best bowling4 = –
| catches/stumpings4 = 506/124
| date = 11 ජුනි
| year = 2015
| source = http://www.espncricinfo.com/srilanka/content/player/50710.html ඊඑස්පීඑන්ක්රික්ඉන්ෆෝ
|Caption=කුමාර් සංගක්කාර වර්ෂ 2012දී ICC සම්මාන උළෙලේදී වසරේ ක්රිකට් ක්රීඩකයා, වසරේ ටෙස්ට් ක්රිකට් ක්රීඩකයා සහ ලොව ජනප්රියම ක්රිකට් ක්රීඩකයා යන සම්මාන ත්රිත්වයෙන් පිදුම් ලැබූ අවස්තාව.}}
'''[[කුමාර්]] සංගක්කාර''' (උපත 27 ඔක්තෝම්බර් 1977, [[මාතලේ]], ශ්රී ලංකාව) යනු [[ශ්රී ලංකා ජාතික ක්රිකට් කණ්ඩායම]]හි සාමාජිකයෙක් මෙන්ම හිටපු නායකයාද වේ. ඔහු මුල් පෙළ වමත් පිතිකරුවෙකි. ඔහු කඩුළු රකින්නා හා මුල් පෙළ පිතිකරුවෙක් ලෙස ක්රීඩා කිරීමට පුරුදුව සිටියත්, ටෙස්ට් ක්රීඩාවේ කඩුළු රැකීමෙන් ඉවත්වීමත් සමගම ඔහුගේ පිතිකරණයේ සැලකිය යුතු වෙනසක් ඇති විය. ඔහුගේ ක්රීඩා දිවියේ අවස්ථා කීපයකදිම ලොව අංක 1 ටෙස්ට් පිතිකරු බවට පත් වීමට ඔහුට හැකි විය.<ref>http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci-icc/content/story/489668.html</ref> ලෝක කුසලානයේදි ඉන්දියාවට එරෙහිව ලද පරාජයත් සමගම ඔහු නායකත්වයෙන් ඉවත් විය. ඩොනල්ඩ් බ්රැඩ්මන් ට(12) පසුව ලොව වැඩිම ටෙස්ට් ද්විතව ශතක ගණනක් රැස්කර ඇත්තේ සංගක්කාර (11) වේ. ඔහු සිය 11වන ටෙස්ට් ද්විත්ව ශතකය 2015 ජනවාරි 4 දින නවසීලන්තයෙ වෙලින්ටන් හිදී [[නවසීලන්ත ජාතික ක්රිකට් කණ්ඩායම|නවසීලන්තයට]] ඒරෙහිව ලබාගන්නා ලදී.<ref>http://uk.eurosport.yahoo.com/22102011/63/sangakkara-hits-double-century.html</ref>
==මුල් කාලය==
කුමාරි වෙදආරච්චි චොක්ශන්ද්රා මුදලිගේ සහ චොක්ශාන්ද වෙදාඅරච්චි සංගක්කාරට දාව 1977දී [[මාතලේ]] දී කුමාර සංගක්කාර උපත ලබන ලදි. සංගක්කාර ඔහුගේ මූලික හා ද්වීතීක අධ්යාපනය ලැබුවේ [[නුවර]] නගරයේ තිබෙන ප්රමුඛතම පාසලක් මෙන්ම ජාත්යන්තර ක්රිකට් ක්රීඩාංගනයක් (අස්ගිරිය ක්රීඩාංගණය) හිමි ලෝකයේ එකම පාසල වන ත්රිත්ව විද්යාලයෙනි. වරක් ඔහු වසරේ විශිෂ්ඨම ශිෂ්යයාට පිරිනමන The Ryde Gold Medal සම්මානයෙන්ද පිදුම් ලැබීය.<ref name=teacher/> 1996 වසරේ පාසලේ ප්රධාන ශිෂ්ය නායක දූරය දැරීමටද ඔහුට හැකි විය. සංගක්කාර පාසල් සමයේදී ක්රිකට් හා ටෙනිස් ක්රීඩා සඳහා විශේෂ දක්ෂතාවක් පෙන්වූ අතර ඒ හේතුවෙන් වරක් පාසලේ එවකට විදුහල්පතිව සිටි ලෙනාඩ් ද අල්විස් මහතා විසින් සංගක්කාරගේ මවට ඔහුව ක්රිකට් ක්රීඩාවෙන්ම ඉහලට යවන ලෙසද ඉල්ලීමක්ද කොට ඇත.<ref name=teacher>[http://www.cricketworld.com/sri_lanka/article/?aid=12329 Cricket world.com | ''Principal Delighted With Former Student Sangakkara''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071202092104/http://www.cricketworld.com/sri_lanka/article/?aid=12329 |date=2007-12-02 }} retrieved 3 March 2008 {{Wayback | url=http://www.cricketworld.com/sri_lanka/article/?aid=12329 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071202092104/http://www.cricketworld.com/sri_lanka/article/?aid=12329 |date=2007-12-02 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071202092104/http://www.cricketworld.com/sri_lanka/article/?aid=12329 |date=2007-12-02 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071202092104/http://www.cricketworld.com/sri_lanka/article/?aid=12329 |date=2007-12-02 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071202092104/http://www.cricketworld.com/sri_lanka/article/?aid=12329 |date=2007-12-02 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071202092104/http://www.cricketworld.com/sri_lanka/article/?aid=12329 |date=2007-12-02 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071202092104/http://www.cricketworld.com/sri_lanka/article/?aid=12329 |date=2007-12-02 }} 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{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071202092104/http://www.cricketworld.com/sri_lanka/article/?aid=12329 |date=2007-12-02 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071202092104/http://www.cricketworld.com/sri_lanka/article/?aid=12329 |date=2007-12-02 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071202092104/http://www.cricketworld.com/sri_lanka/article/?aid=12329 |date=2007-12-02 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071202092104/http://www.cricketworld.com/sri_lanka/article/?aid=12329 |date=2007-12-02 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071202092104/http://www.cricketworld.com/sri_lanka/article/?aid=12329 |date=2007-12-02 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071202092104/http://www.cricketworld.com/sri_lanka/article/?aid=12329 |date=2007-12-02 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071202092104/http://www.cricketworld.com/sri_lanka/article/?aid=12329 |date=2007-12-02 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071202092104/http://www.cricketworld.com/sri_lanka/article/?aid=12329 |date=2007-12-02 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071202092104/http://www.cricketworld.com/sri_lanka/article/?aid=12329 |date=2007-12-02 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071202092104/http://www.cricketworld.com/sri_lanka/article/?aid=12329 |date=2007-12-02 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071202092104/http://www.cricketworld.com/sri_lanka/article/?aid=12329 |date=2007-12-02 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071202092104/http://www.cricketworld.com/sri_lanka/article/?aid=12329 |date=2007-12-02 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071202092104/http://www.cricketworld.com/sri_lanka/article/?aid=12329 |date=2007-12-02 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071202092104/http://www.cricketworld.com/sri_lanka/article/?aid=12329 |date=2007-12-02 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071202092104/http://www.cricketworld.com/sri_lanka/article/?aid=12329 |date=2007-12-02 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071202092104/http://www.cricketworld.com/sri_lanka/article/?aid=12329 |date=2007-12-02 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071202092104/http://www.cricketworld.com/sri_lanka/article/?aid=12329 |date=2007-12-02 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071202092104/http://www.cricketworld.com/sri_lanka/article/?aid=12329 |date=2007-12-02 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071202092104/http://www.cricketworld.com/sri_lanka/article/?aid=12329 |date=2007-12-02 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071202092104/http://www.cricketworld.com/sri_lanka/article/?aid=12329 |date=2007-12-02 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071202092104/http://www.cricketworld.com/sri_lanka/article/?aid=12329 |date=2007-12-02 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071202092104/http://www.cricketworld.com/sri_lanka/article/?aid=12329 |date=2007-12-02 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071202092104/http://www.cricketworld.com/sri_lanka/article/?aid=12329 |date=2007-12-02 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071202092104/http://www.cricketworld.com/sri_lanka/article/?aid=12329 |date=2007-12-02 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071202092104/http://www.cricketworld.com/sri_lanka/article/?aid=12329 |date=2007-12-02 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071202092104/http://www.cricketworld.com/sri_lanka/article/?aid=12329 |date=2007-12-02 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071202092104/http://www.cricketworld.com/sri_lanka/article/?aid=12329 |date=2007-12-02 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071202092104/http://www.cricketworld.com/sri_lanka/article/?aid=12329 |date=2007-12-02 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071202092104/http://www.cricketworld.com/sri_lanka/article/?aid=12329 |date=2007-12-02 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071202092104/http://www.cricketworld.com/sri_lanka/article/?aid=12329 |date=2007-12-02 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071202092104/http://www.cricketworld.com/sri_lanka/article/?aid=12329 |date=2007-12-02 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071202092104/http://www.cricketworld.com/sri_lanka/article/?aid=12329 |date=2007-12-02 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071202092104/http://www.cricketworld.com/sri_lanka/article/?aid=12329 |date=2007-12-02 }} <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> | date=20071202092104}</ref> මොහු පිලිබඳ අමුතුවෙන් සඳහන් කිරීම අනවශ්යය.මේ වන විට ලොව හොදම පිතිකරුවන් අතරින් පෙරමුණ ගෙන සිටී.2015 ලෝක කුසලානයේදී තරග හතරකදී පිට පිට ශතක 4 ක් වාර්තා කරමින් , ක්රිකට් වාර්තා පොත මෙතෙක් සටහන් නොවූ කඩ ඉමක් කරා ගෙනයාමට සමත්ව සිටී .
== ආශ්රිත==
මොහු පිලිබඳ අමුතුවෙන් සඳහන් කිරීම අනවශ්යය.මේ වන විට ලොව හොදම පිතිකරුවන් අතරින් පෙරමුණ ගෙන කුසලානයේදී තරග හතරකදී පිට පිට ශතක 4 ක් වාර්තා කරමින් , ක්රිකට් වාර්තා පොත මෙතෙක් සටහන් නොවූ කඩ ඉමක් කරා ගෙනයාමට සමත්ව සිටී .
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{{autobiography|date=සැප්තැම්බර් 2011}}
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'''තද පැහැති අකුරු පෙළ'''==රෙවෝ පැතුම් වීරමන්ත්රී Revo Pathum Weeramanthri==
[[ගොනුව:උදාහරණ.jpg]]
'''කෙට් චිත්රපට නිර්මාණකරැවෙක්'''<nowiki> වශයෙන් ජංගම දුරකථනය භාවිතා කරමින් විකල්ප සිනමා මාධ්ය තුළින් කේෂ්ත්රයට පිවිසුනු අයෙකි. 2008 වසරේ ශ්රී ලංකාවේ පැවැත් වූ Digital Stories - 2008 තරගයේ අවසන් වටයේ හොදම නිර්මාණ අතරට නිර්මාණ දෙකක් ජයහණය කරන අතර {{</nowiki>http://www.adicsrilanka.org/Digital_stories_2011_Home.html}{{භින්න වූ සබැඳි|date=September 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}<nowiki/>} 2009 වසරේ ජාත්යන්තර බෞද්ධ කෙටි චිත්රපට උළලේ දෙවන ස්ථානය හා විශිෂ්ටතා සම්මාන {{http://www.lightofasiafoundation.com/index.php/light-of-asia-projects/buddhist-film-festival}{{භින්න වූ සබැඳි|date=September 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{භින්න වූ සබැඳි|date=June 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{භින්න වූ සබැඳි|date=June 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{භින්න වූ සබැඳි|date=June 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{භින්න වූ සබැඳි|date=June 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{භින්න වූ සබැඳි|date=June 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|bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{භින්න වූ සබැඳි|date=October 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{භින්න වූ සබැඳි|date=October 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{භින්න වූ සබැඳි|date=October 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{භින්න වූ සබැඳි|date=October 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{භින්න වූ සබැඳි|date=September 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}<nowiki/>}හිමිකර ගනියි. 2011 වසරේද පළමු ස්ථානය හා විශිෂ්ටතා සම්මානයක් දිනාගැනීමට හැකිවිය[Light of Asia foundation |http://ylanka.com/lightofasia/wesak.php]ආසියාලෝකය{{භින්න වූ සබැඳි|date=September 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} පදනම- ජාතික චිත්රරපට සංස්ථාව හා බීඑම්අයිසීඑච් යන ආයතන තරග සංවිධානය කෙරින. 2013 වසරේද ජාතික චිත්රපට සංස්ථාවේ වාර්ෂික කෙටි චිත්රපට තරගයේද ඔහුගේ ‘‘කවුද?“ කෙටි චිත්රපටයට ජයග්රහණයක් හිමි විය.
ddnov9ks4j2yj7uwz9gie4xhs5lv4x9
අයගම ප්රාදේශීය ලේකම් කොට්ඨාසය
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~2026-36954-29
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/* ග්රාම නිළධාරි වසම් */
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{{තොරතුරුකොටුව ජනාවාසය
|official_name =අයගම ප්රාදේශීය ලේකම් කොට්ඨාසය
|other_name =
|native_name =
|nickname =
|settlement_type =[[ශ්රී ලංකාවේ ප්රාදේශීය ලේකම් කොට්ඨාස|ප්රාදේශීය ලේකම් කොට්ඨාසය]]
|motto =
|image_skyline =
|imagesize =
|image_caption =
|image_flag =
|flag_size =
|image_seal =
|seal_size =
|image_map =
|mapsize =
|map_caption =
|pushpin_map =
|pushpin_label_position =bottom
|pushpin_mapsize=
|pushpin_map_caption =
|subdivision_type = රට
|subdivision_name ={{ධජය|ශ්රී ලංකාව}}
|subdivision_type1 = [[ශ්රී ලංකාවේ පළාත්|පළාත]]
|subdivision_name1 =[[සබරගමුව පළාත,ශ්රී ලංකාව|සබරගමුව පළාත]]
|subdivision_type2 = [[ශ්රී ලංකාවේ දිස්ත්රික්ක|දිස්ත්රික්කය]]
|subdivision_name2 =[[රත්නපුර දිස්ත්රික්කය]]
|subdivision_type3 =
|subdivision_name3 =
|government_footnotes =
|government_type =
|leader_title =
|leader_name =
|established_title =
|established_date =
|area_magnitude =
|unit_pref =Imperial
|area_footnotes =
|area_total_km2 =
|area_land_km2 =
|population_as_of =
|population_footnotes =
|population_note =
|population_total =
|population_density_km2 =
|timezone =ශ්රී ලංකාවේ සම්මත වේලාව
|utc_offset =+5:30
|latd=|latm= |lats= |latNS=N
|longd=|longm=|longs=|longEW=E
|elevation_footnotes =
|elevation_m =
|elevation_ft =
|postal_code_type =
|postal_code =
|area_code =
|blank_name =
|blank_info =
|website =
|footnotes =
}}
'''අයගම ප්රාදේශීය ලේකම් කොට්ඨාසය''' යනු, [[ශ්රී ලංකාව|ශ්රී ලංකාවේ]], [[සබරගමුව පළාත,ශ්රී ලංකාව|සබරගමුව පළාතේ]], [[රත්නපුර දිස්ත්රික්කය|රත්නපුර දිස්ත්රික්කයේ]], පිහිටි [[ශ්රී ලංකාවේ ප්රාදේශීය ලේකම් කොට්ඨාස|ප්රාදේශීය ලේකම් කොට්ඨාසයකි]].
== ජනගහනය ==
== ග්රාම නිළධාරි වසම් ==
== [[ආර්ථිකය]] ==
== ප්රාදේශීය ලේකම්වරුන් == සුරංග ප්රදීප් කුමාර (වර්තමාන ප්රාදේශීය ලේකම්)
==ආශ්රිත ලිපි==
*[[ශ්රී ලංකාවේ ප්රාදේශීය ලේකම් කොට්ඨාස]]
*[[ශ්රී ලංකාවේ පළාත්]]
*[[ශ්රී ලංකාවේ පරිපාලන දිස්ත්රික්ක]]
==මූලාශ්ර==
* [http://www.ds.gov.lk/div_sec/div_eng/Div_Sec_home2.php Divisional Secretariats Portal] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110107055102/http://www.ds.gov.lk/div_sec/div_eng/Div_Sec_home2.php |date=2011-01-07 }}
{{coord missing|ශ්රී ලංකාව}}
[[ප්රවර්ගය:ශ්රී ලංකාවේ ප්රාදේශීය ලේකම් කොට්ඨාස]]
[[ප්රවර්ගය:රත්නපුර දිස්ත්රික්කය]]
bdqtt9f9axabab32aoguwidqc2gzyky
ජගත් චමිල
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Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5
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{{Infobox person
| name = ජගත් චමිල <br> Jagath Chamila
| image =
| imagesize =
| caption =
| birthname = ජගත් චමිල ප්රනාන්දු
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1972|06|06|mf=yes}}
| birth_place = [[ශ්රී ලංකාව]]
| nationality = ශ්රී ලාංකික
| education = [[මොරටුව වේල්ස් කුමර විද්යාලය]]
| death_date =
| death_place =
| occupation = [[නළුවා]], නාට්යකරු
| years_active = 1992–වර්තමාන
| father = ටිනිල් ප්රනාන්දු
| mother = වීනාල් බියිට්රිස්
| spouse = පියුමි උත්පලා ධර්මශ්රී
| children = 2
| website =
| awards = * 2013 නිව්යෝර්ක් අන්තර්ජාතික සිනමා උළෙලේ හොඳම නළුවා''' <br> '''2021 බොඩෙන් ජාත්යන්තර චිත්රපට උළෙලේ හොඳම නළුවා සම්මානය'''
}}
'''ජගත් චමිල ප්රනාන්දු''' (උපත 1972 ජුනි 6) යනු ශ්රී ලංකා සිනමාවේ, වේදිකාවේ සහ රූපවාහිනියේ නළුවෙකි.<ref name=nfc>{{cite web|title=Jagath Chamila|url=http://www.nfc.gov.lk/artist/jagath-chamila-338/|access-date=25 January 2017|publisher=National Film Corporation Of Sri Lanka}}</ref> ඔහු 1992 දී තිරගත වූ ''ගුරු ගෙදර'' චිත්රපටයේ ළමා චරිතයක් නිරූපණය කරමින් සිනමාවට පිවිසි චමිල, ඉන්පසු එල්මෝ ජයවර්ධනගේ "සෑම්ස් ස්ටෝරි" (2001) නවකතාව පදනම් කරගත් චිත්රපටයක් වන "සැමීගේ කතාව" චිත්රපටයේ සැමීගේ චරිතය නිරූපණය කිරීම නිසා 2013 දී නිව් යෝර්ක් ජාත්යන්තර චිත්රපට උළෙලේ හොඳම නළුවාට හිමි සම්මානය දිනා ගත්තේය.<ref>{{cite news|last=Pethiyagoda|first=Nanda|title=Samige Kathawa|url=http://www.island.lk/index.php?page_cat=article-details&page=article-details&code_title=100281|access-date=25 January 2017|work=[[The Island (Sri Lanka)|The Island]]|location=Sri Lanka|date=22 March 2014|archive-date=2 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202023832/http://www.island.lk/index.php?page_cat=article-details&page=article-details&code_title=100281|url-status=dead}}<br>- {{cite news|last=Jayawardena|first=Elmo|title=Was Jagath Chamila that good?|url=http://dailynews.lk/2013/07/10/entertainment/was-jagath-chamila-good|access-date=25 January 2017|work=[[Daily News (Sri Lanka)|Daily News]]|location=Sri Lanka|date=10 July 2013}}</ref> විචාරකයින් විසින් ශ්රී ලාංකේය වේදිකාවේ ආධිපත්යය දැරූ නළුවන් පස් දෙනාගෙන් කෙනෙකු ලෙස ඔහු සැලකේ.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://muncheedaily.com/entertainment/five-actors-who-have-dominated-the-sri-lankan-stage/ | title=Five Actors who have dominated the Sri Lankan Stage | work=Munchee Daily | access-date=9 September 2016 | archive-date=31 January 2020 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200131060145/http://muncheedaily.com/entertainment/five-actors-who-have-dominated-the-sri-lankan-stage/ | url-status=dead }}</ref>
==පෞද්ගලික ජීවිතය==
චමිල උපත ලැබුවේ 1972 ජුනි 6 වැනිදාය. ඔහුගේ පියා ටිනිල් ප්රනාන්දු පාසලේ විදුහල්පතිවරයකු වූ අතර මව වීනාල් බියට්රිස් ගෘහණියකි. ඔහු [[මොරටුව වේල්ස් කුමර විද්යාලය|මොරටුව වේල්ස් කුමර විද්යාලයේ]] ආදි ශිෂ්යයෙකි. ඔහුට අජිත් ටිනිල් සහ ප්රසාද් සමන් යන සොහොයුරන් දෙදෙනකුද, නිරෝෂා ශ්යාමලී සහෝදරියක්ද සිටිති. චමිල විවාහ වී සිටින්නේ පියුමි උත්පලා ධර්මශ්රී සමඟ වන අතර ඔවුන්ට පන්සිළු පවන් නම් එක් පුතෙකු සහ වෙනුරි කිනාරා නම් දියණියක සිටී.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.nation.lk/epaper/sunday/2013/06/30/files/assets/basic-html/page12.html |title=Best Actor Jagath Chamila teaches invaluable lesson |work=The Nation |access-date=11 March 2017}}</ref> පියුමි චිත්රපට නිෂ්පාදක විජය ධර්මශ්රීගේ දියණියයි.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.sarasaviya.lk/interviews/2019/09/05/8799/ජගත්-චමිලගේ-ගෙදරට | title=Jagath Chamila with Waasi Godai | website=Sarasaviya | access-date=5 September 2019}}</ref>
==වෘත්තීය ජීවිතය==
චමිලගේ රංගන ජීවිතය ආරම්භ වූයේ වේල්ස් කුමර විද්යාලයෙහි ශිෂ්යයෙකුව සිටියදී පාසැලේදී වේදිකා නාට්ය වලිනි. 1986 වසරේ ''සමනල කන්ද'' පාසල් නාට්යයට සම්බන්ධ වීමෙන් පසු 1990 සිට 1992 දක්වා අන්තර් පාසල් නාට්ය තරගයේ හොඳම නළුවාට හිමි සම්මානය දිනා ගැනීමට හැකි වූ ඔහු 1992 වසරේ විජය ධර්මශ්රී විසින් අධ්යක්ෂණය කල ''ගුරුගෙදර'' චිත්රපටයෙන් ප්රථම සිනමා රංගනයට පිවිසියේය.<ref name=dm>{{cite news|last=Wimalasinghe|first=Vasantha|title=Jagath in jubilant form|url=http://life.dailymirror.lk/article/52/interviews/5100/jagath-in-jubilant-form|access-date=25 January 2017|work=[[The Daily Mirror (Sri Lanka)|The Daily Mirror]]|location=Sri Lanka|date=20 May 2013|archive-date=28 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181228130943/http://life.dailymirror.lk/article/52/interviews/5100/jagath-in-jubilant-form|url-status=dead}}</ref> 2005 වසරේ රාජ්ය නාට්ය උළෙලේදී සුනිල් චන්ද්රසිරිගේ ‘‘දොන් ජුවාන්’’ නාට්යයේ රඟපෑම වෙනුවෙන් ඔහු හොඳම නළුවාට හිමි සම්මානය දිනා ගත්තේය.<ref>{{cite news|last=Fernando |first=Susitha R|title=Jagath Chamila has made a name|url=http://www.sundaytimes.lk/050410/tv/1.html|access-date=25 January 2017|work=[[The Sunday Times (Sri Lanka)|The Sunday Times]]|location=Sri Lanka|date=10 April 2005}}</ref> 2013 දී, නිව් යෝර්ක් සිටි ජාත්යන්තර චිත්රපට උළෙලේදී ඔහු ''සෑම්ගේ කතාව'' චිත්රපටයෙහි ප්රධාන චරිතය සඳහා හොඳම නළුවා සම්මානය දිනා ගත්තේය.<ref>{{cite news|last=Uvais|first=Ramesh|title=Jagath Chamila wins best actor award in New York|url=http://www.dailymirror.lk/top-story/31242-jagath-chamila-wins-best-actor-award-in-new-york.html|access-date=25 January 2017|work=[[Daily News (Sri Lanka)|Daily News]]|location=Sri Lanka|date=21 June 2013}}<br>- {{cite news|title=Sri Lankan President congratulates award winning actor Jagath Chamila|url=http://www.colombopage.com/archive_13A/Jun25_1372184620CH.php|access-date=25 January 2017|website=Colombo Page|date=25 June 2013|archive-date=2 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202082416/http://www.colombopage.com/archive_13A/Jun25_1372184620CH.php|url-status=dead}}</ref>
===රූපවාහිනී කතා මාලා===
{{Div col|colwidth=25em}}
* ''අපි අපේ''
* ''අපි අපි වගේ I සහ II''<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.sundaytimes.lk/090329/Magazine/sundaytimestvtimes_05.html | title=A dramatic conflict of family, friends and lovers | work=Sunday Times|location=Sri Lanka| access-date=25 July 2019}}</ref>
* ''අස්වැන්න''<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.sarasaviya.lk/2018/06/07/?fn=sa18060719 |title=Story of Bunjappu|website=Sarasaviya |access-date=7 June 2018}}</ref>
* ''අවුල් හරය''<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.sundaytimes.lk/980913/mirror5.html | title='Avul Haraya' highlights cultural ethos | work=Sunday Times|location=Sri Lanka| access-date=2 September 2019}}</ref>
* ''බස් එකේ ඉස්කෝලේ''
* ''ගිරිකුල''<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.pressreader.com/sri-lanka/daily-mirror-sri-lanka/20130318/282935267768451 | title=Girikula now in editing process | work=[[The Daily Mirror (Sri Lanka)|The Daily Mirror]]|location=Sri Lanka | access-date=30 July 2019}}</ref>
* ''ගොවි තාත්තා'' <ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.govithaththa.lk | title=Govi Thaththa | publisher=Govi Thaththa | access-date=13 July 2020}}</ref>
* ''හේලංකඩ''
* ''ජයතුරු සංකය''<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.sundaytimes.lk/061015/TV/tv24.html |title='Jayathuru Sankaya': Miniplay for a worthy cause |work=Sunday Times|location=Sri Lanka |access-date=29 September 2019}}</ref>
* ''ජීවිතය ලස්සනයි''<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.sundaytimes.lk/080120/TV/tv-times00007.html | title='Jeewithaya Lassanai' scores triple century | work=Sunday Times|location=Sri Lanka | access-date=2 September 2019}}</ref>
* ''ජෝඩු ගෙදර''
* ''කොට උඩ මන්දිර''
* ''මහ පොළව'' <ref>{{Cite web |title=Art does not need interference - Award winning actor Jagath Chamila |url=http://www.silumina.lk/2020/10/10/රසඳුන/කලා%C2%ADවට-අත%C2%ADර%C2%ADමැ%C2%ADදි%C2%ADයන්-එපා |archive-date=13 June 2021 |access-date=13 June 2021 |website=Silumina}}</ref>
* ''මාමා හා මා''
* ''මම නෙමෙයි මම'' <ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.sundaytimes.lk/040815/tv/4.html | title='Mama Nowei Mama': An unusual film |work=Sunday Times|location=Sri Lanka| access-date=17 July 2019}}</ref>
* ''මිරිඟු සයුර''<ref>{{cite web | url=https://lankaflix.vhx.tv/miringu-sayura | title=Miringu Sayura | website=Lankaflix | access-date=20 November 2019}}</ref>
* ''නැගෙනහිර වෙරළින් ඇසේන''<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.sundaytimes.lk/061119/TV/tv5.html | title=The East is Calling |work=Sunday Times|location=Sri Lanka| access-date=17 July 2019}}</ref>
* ''නෝ පාකින්''<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.sarasaviya.lk/teledramas/2019/08/08/8037/වැරැදි-තැන්වල-නතර-වූ-ජීවිත-ගැන-කියැවෙන |title=Story of Lives that stopped in the wrong places|website=Sarasaviya |access-date=8 August 2018}}</ref>
* ''පාරාදීසය'' <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.sundaytimes.lk/031221/tv/16.htm |title=Depicts social differences |publisher=Sunday Times |access-date=11 September 2019}}</ref>
* ''පවනි''<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.sundaytimes.lk/080629/TV/tvtimes006.html | title='Pawani': Fight against the power of politics | work=Sunday Times|location=Sri Lanka| access-date=30 July 2019}}</ref>
* ''රෝද හතරෙ මනමාලයා'' <ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.sundaytimes.lk/040118/tv/3.html | title='Roda Hatara Manamalaya' has out-of-ordinary plot | work=Sunday Times|location=Sri Lanka| access-date=29 November 2019}}</ref>
* ''රුවන් මාලිගා''<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.sarasaviya.lk/2010/04/22/_art.asp?fn=sa1004229&pn=16 |title=Ruwan Maliga coming 26th on Sirasa TV |website=Sarasaviya |access-date=17 November 2017 |archive-date=31 May 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180531183838/http://www.sarasaviya.lk/2010/04/22/_art.asp?fn=sa1004229&pn=16 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* ''සකුරා මල්''<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.sundaytimes.lk/080427/TV/tv-times000018.html | title='Sakura Mal' blooms on small screen |work=Sunday Times|location=Sri Lanka| access-date=15 August 2019}}</ref>
* ''සමනලකන්ද''<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.itnnews.lk/local-news/itn-fetes-award-winning-actor-jagath-chamila/|title=ITN fetes award winning actor Jagath Chamila|website=ITN News|location=Sri Lanka|access-date=17 November 2017|archive-date=1 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201040713/http://www.itnnews.lk/local-news/itn-fetes-award-winning-actor-jagath-chamila/|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* ''සඳගිර'' <ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.sundaytimes.lk/060702/tv/tvp6.html | title='Sandagira' portrays changing phase of society | work=Sunday Times|location=Sri Lanka | access-date=15 August 2019}}</ref>
* ''සඳ පිනිබිදක''
* ''සිහින ගෙනෙන කුමාරියේ''
* ''සුදුයි උසයි''
* ''තරු කුමාරි''<ref>{{cite news | url=http://archives.dailynews.lk/2006/03/27/fea08.asp | title='Tharu Kumari' on Rupavahin | work=Daily News | access-date=25 July 2019}}</ref>
* ''තෙත් සහ වියලි'' <ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.sundaytimes.lk/050807/tv/1.html |title='Wet and Dry': An emotional tale |work=Sunday Times|location=Sri Lanka |access-date=4 December 2019}}</ref>
* ''උඩු සුළඟ''
* ''වෙරෝනා''<ref>{{cite news | url=http://archives.sarasaviya.lk/2012/01/12/_art.asp?fn=sa12011217&pn=20 | title=Sriyani starts "Verona" | website=Sarasaviya | access-date=15 August 2019 | archive-date=18 January 2022 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220118194641/https://archives.sarasaviya.lk/2012/01/12/_art.asp?fn=sa12011217&pn=20 | url-status=dead }}</ref>
* ''විසුවියස් කඳු පාමුල’’
* ''යස ඉසුරු'' <ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.sundaytimes.lk/090517/Magazine/sundaytimestvtimes_10.html | title='Yasa Isuru' tackles avarice of man | work=Sunday Times|location=Sri Lanka | access-date=16 December 2019}}</ref>
{{Div col end}}
==චිත්රපටකරණය==
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:95%;"
|- style="text-align:center;"
! වසර !! චිත්රපටය !! භූමිකාව !! class="unsortable" |සටහන්
|-
| 1992 || ''ගුරු ගෙදර'' || ||
|-
| 1995 || ''[[මාරුතය]] '' || ||
|-
| 2000 || ''[[මේ මගේ සඳයි]]'' || අනාගත සොල්දාදුවා ||
|-
| 2002 || ''[[තනි තටුවෙන් පියාඹන්න]]'' || පාපන්දු ක්රීඩකයා ||
|-
| 2005 || ''[[අසනි වර්ෂා]]'' || ප්රදීප් ගොඩකුඹුර ||
|-
| 2005 || ''[[සුළඟ]]'' || ත්රිරෝද රථ රියදුරු ||
|-
| 2007 || ''[[උප්පලවන්නා]]'' || රත්නපාල ||
|-
| 2008 || ''[[හතර දෙනම සූරයෝ (2008 ප්රතිනිර්මාණය)|හතර දෙනම සූරයෝ ප්රතිනිර්මාණය]]'' || ඩගී ||
|-
| 2011 || ''[[ගාමනි]]'' || සුනිමල් ||
|-
| 2012 || ''[[ප්රතිරූ]]'' || සුරේෂ් ||
|-
| 2013 || ''[[සැමීගේ කතාව]]'' || සෑම් ||
*හොඳම නළුවා - නිව් යෝර්ක් ජාත්යන්තර සිනමා උළෙල (2013)
*නිර්මාණාත්මක කාර්ය සාධනය (පිරිමි) රන් සම්මානය - සිග්නීස් සම්මාන උළෙල <ref>{{cite news|title=SIGNIS Salutes|url=http://www.sundaytimes.lk/151213/magazine/signis-salutes-174431.html|access-date=25 January 2017|work=Sunday Times|location=Sri Lanka|date=13 December 2015}}</ref>
|-
| 2015 || ''[[හෝ ගානා පොකුණ]] '' || මධුවන්ත || කටහඬ විතරයි
|-
| 2017 || ''[[හිම තාරකා]] '' || ||
|-
| 2022 || ''[[හිතුමතේ ජීවිතේ]]'' || විමලේ || <ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.sarasaviya.lk/films-local/2019/07/11/6920/ඇසුදුටු-සමාජයේ-උත්තරීතර-සහෝදර-ප්රේමය |title=The supreme brotherly love of society |publisher=Sarasaviya |access-date=11 July 2019}}</ref>
|-
| 2024 || ''වීර්යා'' || || <ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.pressreader.com/sri-lanka/daily-mirror-sri-lanka/20120514/283214440232531 | title=Weerya shooting ends | work=Daily Mirror|location=Sri Lanka | access-date=25 July 2019|via=Press Reader}}</ref>
|-
| 2024 || ''පාස්පෝට්'' || || <ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.dailynews.lk/2019/10/22/entertainment/200480/‘passport’-flies-india-and-europe?page=1 | title=Passport' flies to India and Europe| work=Daily News | access-date=25 July 2019}}</ref>
|-
| 2023 || ''[[කදිර දිව්යරාජ]]'' || || <ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.dinamina.lk/2020/02/18/%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%9A%E0%B7%82%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%82%E0%B6%9C/90478/%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%9A%E0%B7%80-%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%AB%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%A9%E0%B6%BD%E0%B6%BA%E0%B6%B8-%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%99%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%93-%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%A7%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B1-%E0%B6%9A%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BB-%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BA%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%A2| title=Kadira Divyaraja who appears all deities| website=Dinamina| access-date=25 July 2019| archive-date=24 June 2020| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200624202400/http://www.dinamina.lk/2020/02/18/%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%9A%E0%B7%82%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%82%E0%B6%9C/90478/%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%9A%E0%B7%80-%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%AB%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%A9%E0%B6%BD%E0%B6%BA%E0%B6%B8-%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%99%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%93-%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%A7%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B1-%E0%B6%9A%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BB-%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BA%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%A2| url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
| 2024 || ''ශ්රී සිද්ධා'' || || <ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.sarasaviya.lk/films-local/2020/05/28/17691/මහා-විජයබා-පුවත-මහා-තිරයට| title=Great Vijayaba Tale - Guerrilla martial arts coming soon| website=Sarasaviya | access-date=31 May 2020}}</ref>
|-
| 2025 || ''[[ගොවි තාත්තා]]'' || || <ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.sarasaviya.lk/2021/07/15/20719/තට්ටු-දෙකේ-ඉස්කෝලේ-ඕස්ට්%E2%80%8Dරේලියාවට-සහ-නවසීලන්තයට | title="Thattu Deke Iskole" to Australia and New Zealand | website=Sarasaviya | access-date=18 July 2021}}</ref>
|}
==සම්මාන==
* 1988, 1989, 1990 අන්තර් පාසල් නාට්ය තරගයේ හොඳම නළුවා සම්මානය
* 2005 රාජ්ය නාට්ය හොඳම නළුවා සම්මානය - ''දොන් ජුවාන්''
* 2005 හොඳම සහය නළුවා ජනාධිපති සම්මානය - අසනි වර්ෂා <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.sundaytimes.lk/070204/TV/002tv.html |title=President honours Lankan Cinema |work=Sunday Times|location=Sri Lanka|access-date=10 December 2019}}</ref>
* 2005 හොඳම සහය නළුවා රයිගම් ටෙලි සම්මානය - ''රෝද හතරේ මනමාලයා''
* 2005 හොඳම සහය නළුවා සිග්නීස් ටෙලිසිනමා සම්මානය - ''රෝද හතරේ මනමාලයා''
* 2005 සරසවිය විශේෂ ජූරි සම්මානය - ''අසනි වර්ෂා''
* 2011 සුමති හොඳම ටෙලිනාට්ය නළුවා සම්මානය - ''ස්වයංජාත''
* 2012 නිව් යෝර්ක් සිටි ජාත්යන්තර සිනමා උළෙලේ හොඳම නළුවා - ''සැමීගේ කතාව''
* 2021 බෝඩන් ජාත්යන්තර සිනමා උළෙලේ හොඳම නළුවා - ''ගොවි තාත්තා''
==References==
{{reflist}}
== External links ==
*{{IMDb name|id=1256745}}
*[http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-w-_qORgEdRA/Uat1dJu5f4I/AAAAAAAAu4c/IEz_Awu9t_U/s1600/meewitha12.jpg මම මේ දවස් වල ඉන්නේ දැඩි තිගැස්මකින්]
*[http://www.sarasaviya.lk/2015/06/25/?fn=sa15062539 ‘සංගදාසගෙ චූටි කලිසම’ ඇඳලම බලමුද?] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180603100544/http://www.sarasaviya.lk/2015/06/25/?fn=sa15062539 |date=2018-06-03 }}
*[http://www.sarasaviya.lk/2013/07/18/?fn=sa13071810 ‘ඇම්ඩන්’ ස්වර්ණවාහිනියේ] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171207185920/http://www.sarasaviya.lk/2013/07/18/?fn=sa13071810 |date=2017-12-07 }}
*[http://www.sarasaviya.lk/stage-dramas/2020/06/11/17745/ඇඟිලි-කැපිලි-පැත්තක-දමා-අංගුලිමාල-කිති-කවලා ඇඟිලි කැපිලි පැත්තක දමා අංගුලිමාල කිති කවලා]
{{authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:චමිල, ජගත්}}
[[ප්රවර්ගය:ශ්රී ලාංකික නළුවෝ]]
[[Category:සිනමාවේ හාස්ය නළුවෝ]]
[[Category:ශ්රී ලාංකික හාස්ය නළුවෝ]]
[[ප්රවර්ගය:සිංහල ජනයා]]
hf99cmuzzcx6qoiw3fcdldp1x7wzioq
සැකිල්ල:Human systems and organs
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{{Navbox
| name = Human systems and organs
| title = [[මිනිස් සිරුර|මිනිස් සිරුර (Human systems)]] සහ [[ඉන්ද්රියයෝ (ව්යුහ විද්යාව)|ඉන්ද්රියන් (organs)]]
| state = {{{state|autocollapse}}}
| listclass = hlist
|group1 = [[පේශිකංකාල පද්ධතිය|පේශිකංකාල පද්ධතිය<br>(Musculoskeletal) ]]
|list1 = {{Navbox|subgroup
| group1 = [[මානව සැකිලි පද්ධතිය|මානව සැකිලි පද්ධතිය<br>(Skeletal system)]]
| list1 =
* [[අස්ථි]]
** [[Carpal bones|Carpus]]
** [[අක්ෂකාථිය]]
** [[ඌර්වාස්ථිය]] (කලවාස්ථිය)
** [[අනුජංඝාස්ථිය]]
** [[ප්රගණ්ඪාස්ථිය]]
** [[අධෝහනුක අස්ථිය]]
** [[Metacarpal bones|Metacarpus]]
** [[Metatarsal bones|Metatarsus]]
** [[අස්ථිකා]]
** [[Patella]]
** [[Phalanx bone|Phalanges]]
** [[අරාස්ථිය]]
** [[හිස් කබල]]
** [[Tarsus (skeleton)|Tarsus]]
** [[ජංඝාස්ථිය]]
** [[අන්වරාස්ථිය]]
** [[පර්ශු|ඉළ ඇට]]
** [[Vertebral column|Vertebra]]
** [[ශ්රෝණිය]]
** [[Sternum]]
* [[කාටිලේජ]]
| group2 = [[මානව සන්ධි|සන්ධි<br>(Joints)]]
| list2 =
* [[Fibrous joint]]
* [[Cartilaginous joint]]
* [[Synovial joint]]
| group3 = [[මාංශ පේශි පද්ධතිය|මාංශ පේශි පද්ධතිය<br>(Muscular system)]]
| list3 =
* [[පේශි]]
* [[කණ්ඩරා]]
* [[Thoracic diaphragm|Diaphragm]]
}}
| group3 = [[රුධිර සංසරණ පද්ධතිය|රුධිර සංසරණ පද්ධතිය<br>(Circulatory system)]]
| list3 = {{Navbox|subgroup
| group1 = [[Circulatory system|Cardiovascular system]]
| list1 =
* ''peripheral''
** [[ධමනි]]
** [[ශිරා]]
** [[වසා වාහිනී]]
* [[හෘදය]]
| group2 = [[වසා පද්ධතිය]]
| list2 =
* ''ප්රාථමික''
** [[ඇට මිදුලු]]
** [[තයිමස]]
* ''ද්විතීයික''
** [[ප්ලීහාව]]
** [[වසා ගැටිති]]
* ''CNS equivalent''
** [[Glymphatic system]]
}}
| group4 = [[ස්නායු පද්ධතිය|ස්නායු පද්ධතිය<br>(Nervous system)]]
| list4 =
*
** [[මිනිස් මොළය|මොළය]]
** [[සුෂුම්නාව]]
** [[ස්නායු]]
* [[සංවේදක පද්ධතිය]]
** [[කන]]
** [[මිනිස් ඇස|ඇස]]
|group5 = [[ශරීරාවරණ පද්ධතිය|ශරීරාවරණ පද්ධතිය<br>(Integumentary system)]]
|list5 =
* [[මිනිස් සම|සම]]
* [[Subcutaneous tissue]]
* [[පියයුර]]
** [[Mammary gland]]
| group6 = [[ප්රතිශක්තිකරණ පද්ධතිය|ප්රතිශක්තිකරණ පද්ධතිය<br>(Immune system)]]
| list6 =
* [[Myeloid]]
** [[Immune system|Myeloid immune system]]
* [[Lymphocyte|Lymphoid]]
** [[Immune system|Lymphoid immune system]]
| group7 = [[ශ්වසන පද්ධතිය|ශ්වසන පද්ධතිය<br>(Respiratory system)]]
| list7 =
* [[Respiratory tract#Upper respiratory tract|Upper]]
** [[මිනිස් නාසය|නාසය]]
** [[Pharynx#Nasopharynx|Nasopharynx]]
** [[ස්වරාලය]]
* [[Respiratory tract#Lower respiratory tract|Lower]]
** [[ශ්වාස නාලය]]
** [[ශ්වාස නාලිකා]]
** [[පෙනහැලි]]
| group8 = [[මිනිසාගේ ආහාර ජීරණ පද්ධතිය|මිනිසාගේ ආහාර ජීරණ පද්ධතිය<br>(Digestive system)]]
| list8 =
* [[මිනිස් කට|කට]]
** [[ඛේට ග්රන්ථි]]
** [[දිව]]
* ''upper GI''
** [[Pharynx|Oropharynx]]
** [[Pharynx|Laryngopharynx]]
** [[Esophagus]]
** [[ආමාශය]]
* ''lower GI''
** [[Small intestine]]
** [[උණ්ඩුක පුච්ඡය]]
** [[Large intestine#Structure|Colon]]
** [[ගුදමාර්ගය]]
** [[මිනිස් ගුදය|ගුදය]]
* ''[[Human digestive system|accessory]]''
** [[අක්මාව]]
** [[Biliary tract]]
** [[අග්න්යාශය]]
|group9 = [[මෞත්ර පද්ධතිය|මෞත්ර පද්ධතිය<br>(Urinary system)]]
|list9 =
* [[මෞත්ර ලිංගික පද්ධතිය|මෞත්ර ලිංගික පද්ධතිය]]
* [[වකුගඩු|වකුගඩු]]
* [[මුත්රවාහිනිය|මුත්රවාහිනිය]]
* [[මුත්රාශය|මුත්රාශය]]
* [[මුත්රමාර්ගය|මුත්රමාර්ගය]]
| group10 = [[Reproductive system|ප්රජනන පද්ධතිය<br>(Reproductive system)]]
| list10 =
* [[පුරුෂ ප්රජනක පද්ධතිය|පුරුෂ]]
** [[Scrotum]]
** [[මිනිස් ශිෂ්ණය|ශිෂ්ණය]]
** [[පුරස්ථි ග්රන්ථිය]]
** [[වෘෂණ කෝෂය]]
** [[Seminal vesicle]]
* [[ස්ත්රී ප්රජනන පද්ධතිය|ස්ත්රී]]
** [[ගර්භාෂය]]
** [[යෝනි මාර්ගය]]
** [[යෝනි මුඛය]]
** [[ඩිම්බකෝෂය]]
** [[කලලබන්ධය]]
| group11 = [[අන්තරාසර්ග පද්ධතිය|අන්තරාසර්ග පද්ධතිය<br>(Endocrine system)]]
| list11 =
* [[Pituitary gland|Pituitary]]
* [[Pineal gland|Pineal]]
* [[Thyroid]]
* [[Parathyroid gland|Parathyroid]]
* [[Adrenal gland|Adrenal]]
* [[Pancreatic islets|Islets of Langerhans]]
| belowstyle = background:white
| below = {{Anatomy navs}}
}}<noinclude>
{{collapsible option}}
[[Category:Anatomy templates]]
{{Anatomy navbox doc}}
</noinclude>
7inec87cs95jhmvt5n9t0q6cq9k4sib
පරිශීලක:IDB.S
2
158554
794804
794788
2026-06-25T17:02:01Z
WikiBayer
38722
[[Special:Contributions/~2026-36693-88|~2026-36693-88]] ([[User talk:~2026-36693-88|සාකච්ඡාව]]) ගේ සංස්කරණයන් [[User:IDB.S|IDB.S]] ගේ අවසන් අනුවාදය වෙත ප්රතිවර්තනය කෙරිණි
792081
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{{පරිශීලක:IDB.S/Ribbonbar}}
{{UserStatus}}
{{User page|logo=yes|logo2=yes|border-s=1|border-c=purple|background=|rounded=yes}}
<center>
{{අද}}
</center>
{{wikibreak| type=long}}
{{තොරතුරුකොටුව පරිශීලක
|country=ශ්රී ලංකාව
|ethnicity=[[සිංහල]]
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|nationality=[[ශ්රී ලාංකික]]
|religion=[[බුදු දහම]]
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|name=IDB.S
|edit_count=5564+
|race=[[ශ්රී ලාංකික]]
|sexuality=පිරිමි
|custom_label1=
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|userboxes={{User wikipedia/Administrator someday}}
{{පරිශීලක wikipedia/rollback}}
{{පරිශිලක wikipedia/autopatrolled}}
{{User wikipedia/CVU-Vandal Fighter}}
{{User CVU1-en}}
{{User CVU9-en}}
{{User wikipedia/RC Patrol}}
{{User Wikipedian For|year=2021|month=5|day=28}}|status=විකිබ්රේක්|autoconfirmed=2023 අප්රේල් 06|autopatrolled=2024 ජූලි 10|rollbacker=2024 ඔක්තෝබර් 15}}
== '''ආයුබෝවන්!''' ==
ආයුබෝවන්, '''IDB.S''' හි පරිශීලක පිටුව වෙත ඔබව සාදරයෙන් පිළිගනිමු. මෙම පරිශීලක පිටුව විකි පරිශීලක මාර්ගෝපදේශය යටතේ IDB.S විසින් නිර්මාණය කර සංස්කරණය කර ඇත.
== මා ගැන ==
ආයුබෝවන්, මම '''IDB.S {{Verified}}''', විකිපීඩියා ඉංග්රීසි, සිංහල සහ යුක්රේන භාෂාවෙන් ලිපි සංස්කාරකයෙක්, නිර්මාපකයෙක් සහ පරිවර්තකයෙක්. මම ප්රධාන වශයෙන්ම ඉංග්රීසි ලිපි සිංහල ලිපි වලට පරිවර්තනය කරනවා.
== '''මට කථා කරන්න''' ==
[[පරිශීලක සාකච්ඡාව:IDB.S|පරිශීලක සංවාද පිටුව]] භාවිතා කිරීමෙන් පරිශීලකයා අමතන්න.
== විකිපීඩියාවට දායක වීම ==
{{පරිශීලක දායකත්වයන්|5564}}
<br/>
<br/>
<br/>
== පරිශීලක භාෂා ==
<div style="float:left; clear:left;">
{{user language|si|N}}
{{user language|en|5}}
{{user language|ja|2}}
{{user language|ru|1}}
{{user language|uk|1}}
</div>
<center>
{{clear}}
{{෴}}
</center>
m2wmqzean00bgbcqyqthfamv8523mc9
794805
794804
2026-06-25T17:02:33Z
WikiBayer
38722
Protected "[[පරිශීලක:IDB.S]]": requeSt ([සංස්කරණය=ස්වයංතහවුරු කල පරිශීලකයන්ට පමණක් ඉඩදෙන්න] (අනිශ්චිත) [ගෙන යන්න=ස්වයංතහවුරු කල පරිශීලකයන්ට පමණක් ඉඩදෙන්න] (අනිශ්චිත))
792081
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{පරිශීලක:IDB.S/Ribbonbar}}
{{UserStatus}}
{{User page|logo=yes|logo2=yes|border-s=1|border-c=purple|background=|rounded=yes}}
<center>
{{අද}}
</center>
{{wikibreak| type=long}}
{{තොරතුරුකොටුව පරිශීලක
|country=ශ්රී ලංකාව
|ethnicity=[[සිංහල]]
|eyes=
|first_edit=2022 නොවැම්බර් 13
|gender=පුරුෂ
|hair=
|handedness=|
image=
|interests=|
joined_date=2021 මැයි 28
|nationality=[[ශ්රී ලාංකික]]
|religion=[[බුදු දහම]]
|tablecolor=
|timezone=
|page_created=
|name=IDB.S
|edit_count=5564+
|race=[[ශ්රී ලාංකික]]
|sexuality=පිරිමි
|custom_label1=
|custom_data1=
|userboxes={{User wikipedia/Administrator someday}}
{{පරිශීලක wikipedia/rollback}}
{{පරිශිලක wikipedia/autopatrolled}}
{{User wikipedia/CVU-Vandal Fighter}}
{{User CVU1-en}}
{{User CVU9-en}}
{{User wikipedia/RC Patrol}}
{{User Wikipedian For|year=2021|month=5|day=28}}|status=විකිබ්රේක්|autoconfirmed=2023 අප්රේල් 06|autopatrolled=2024 ජූලි 10|rollbacker=2024 ඔක්තෝබර් 15}}
== '''ආයුබෝවන්!''' ==
ආයුබෝවන්, '''IDB.S''' හි පරිශීලක පිටුව වෙත ඔබව සාදරයෙන් පිළිගනිමු. මෙම පරිශීලක පිටුව විකි පරිශීලක මාර්ගෝපදේශය යටතේ IDB.S විසින් නිර්මාණය කර සංස්කරණය කර ඇත.
== මා ගැන ==
ආයුබෝවන්, මම '''IDB.S {{Verified}}''', විකිපීඩියා ඉංග්රීසි, සිංහල සහ යුක්රේන භාෂාවෙන් ලිපි සංස්කාරකයෙක්, නිර්මාපකයෙක් සහ පරිවර්තකයෙක්. මම ප්රධාන වශයෙන්ම ඉංග්රීසි ලිපි සිංහල ලිපි වලට පරිවර්තනය කරනවා.
== '''මට කථා කරන්න''' ==
[[පරිශීලක සාකච්ඡාව:IDB.S|පරිශීලක සංවාද පිටුව]] භාවිතා කිරීමෙන් පරිශීලකයා අමතන්න.
== විකිපීඩියාවට දායක වීම ==
{{පරිශීලක දායකත්වයන්|5564}}
<br/>
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== පරිශීලක භාෂා ==
<div style="float:left; clear:left;">
{{user language|si|N}}
{{user language|en|5}}
{{user language|ja|2}}
{{user language|ru|1}}
{{user language|uk|1}}
</div>
<center>
{{clear}}
{{෴}}
</center>
m2wmqzean00bgbcqyqthfamv8523mc9
නවසීලන්තයේ ජන විකාශනය
0
184749
794814
793425
2026-06-26T01:50:02Z
InternetArchiveBot
63598
Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5
794814
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[[File:New_Zealandpop.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:New_Zealandpop.svg|alt=Stationary population pyramid broken down into 21 age ranges.|වම|thumb|ජනගහන පිරමීඩය (2017)]]
2023 නවසීලන්ත සංගණනයට අනුව, පදිංචි ජනගහනය 4,993,923 ක් වූ අතර, එය 2018 සංගණන සංඛ්යාවට වඩා 6.3% ක වැඩිවීමකි.<ref name="Census2023PopCounts">{{Cite web |date=29 May 2024 |title=2023 Census population counts (by ethnic group, age, and Māori descent) and dwelling counts |url=https://www.stats.govt.nz/information-releases/2023-census-population-counts-by-ethnic-group-age-and-maori-descent-and-dwelling-counts/ |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=[[Statistics New Zealand]]}}</ref> 2025 සැප්තැම්බර් වන විට, මුළු ජනගහනය 5,231,143 ක් ලෙස ඇස්තමේන්තු කර ඇත.<ref>{{Cite web |title=New Zealand Population (2024) – Worldometer |url=https://www.worldometers.info/world-population/new-zealand-population/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241214092100/https://www.worldometers.info/world-population/new-zealand-population/ |archive-date=14 December 2024 |access-date=2024-12-14 |website=www.worldometers.info |language=en}}</ref> 2020 ජූනි මාසයෙන් අවසන් වූ වසර හත තුළ නවසීලන්තයේ ජනගහනය වසරකට 1.9% ක අනුපාතයකින් වැඩි විය. 2020 සැප්තැම්බර් මාසයේදී නවසීලන්ත සංඛ්යාලේඛන ආයතනය වාර්තා කළේ, 2018 සංගණනය මත පදනම් වූ ජනගහන ඇස්තමේන්තු අනුව 2019 සැප්තැම්බර් මාසයේදී ජනගහනය මිලියන 5 ඉක්මවා ඇති බවයි.<ref name="population1">{{Cite press release|title=New Zealand's population nears 5.1 million|url=https://www.stats.govt.nz/news/new-zealands-population-nears-5-1-million|publisher=[[Statistics New Zealand]]|date=22 September 2020|access-date=24 September 2020|archive-date=4 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230404072102/https://www.stats.govt.nz/news/new-zealands-population-nears-5-1-million|url-status=live}}</ref>{{refn|A provisional estimate initially indicated the milestone was reached six months later in March 2020, before population estimates were rebased from the 2013 census to the 2018 census.<ref>{{cite web |last=Pullar-Strecker |first=Tom |title=New Zealand population tops 5 million |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/business/121544285/new-zealand-population-tops-5-million |work=[[Stuff (website)|Stuff.co.nz]] |date=18 May 2020 |access-date=18 May 2020 |archive-date=12 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230212113142/https://www.stuff.co.nz/business/121544285/new-zealand-population-tops-5-million |url-status=live }}</ref>|group=n}}
නවසීලන්තයේ ජනගහනය අද වන විට රටේ උතුරු ප්රදේශයේ කේන්ද්රගත වී ඇති අතර, 2024 ජූනි වන විට ජනගහනයෙන් 76.5% ක් පමණ උතුරු දූපතේ ද, 23.5% ක් දකුණු දූපතේ ද ජීවත් වෙති. 20 වැනි සියවස තුළ නවසීලන්තයේ ජනගහනය උතුරට සංක්රමණය විය. 1921 දී, රටේ ජනගහනයේ මධ්ය ලක්ෂ්යය මනවාටු-වංගනූයි හි ලෙවින්ට බටහිරින් ටස්මන් මුහුදේ පිහිටා තිබුණි; 2017 වන විට, එය කිලෝමීටර 280 (සැතපුම් 170) උතුරට වයිකාටෝ හි කවියා අසලට ගමන් කර ඇත.<ref>{{Cite web |date=26 October 2017 |title=Three in four New Zealanders live in the North Island {{!}} Stats NZ |url=https://www.stats.govt.nz/news/three-in-four-new-zealanders-live-in-the-north-island |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211007083615/https://www.stats.govt.nz/news/three-in-four-new-zealanders-live-in-the-north-island |archive-date=7 October 2021 |access-date=7 October 2021 |website=www.stats.govt.nz}}</ref>
නවසීලන්තය ප්රධාන වශයෙන් නාගරික රටක් වන අතර, ජනගහනයෙන් 84.7% ක් නාගරික ප්රදේශවල ජීවත් වන අතර, ජනගහනයෙන් 51.2% ක් 100,000 ඉක්මවන ජනගහනයක් සහිත නගර හතක ජීවත් වෙති. මිලියන 1.4 කට අධික වැසියන් සිටින ඕක්ලන්ඩ්, විශාලතම නගරයයි. නවසීලන්ත නගර ජාත්යන්තර ජීවන මිනුම්වල ඉහළ අගයක් ගනී. උදාහරණයක් ලෙස, 2016 දී, Mercer Quality of Living Survey විසින් ඕක්ලන්ඩ් ලෝකයේ තුන්වන වඩාත්ම ජීවත් වීමට සුදුසුම නගරය ලෙසත්, වෙලින්ටන් දොළොස්වන ස්ථානයටත් ශ්රේණිගත කර ඇත.<ref>{{cite web |date=23 February 2016 |title=Quality of Living Ranking 2016 |url=https://www.mercer.com/newsroom/2016-quality-of-living-survey.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171019055720/https://www.mercer.com/newsroom/2016-quality-of-living-survey.html |archive-date=19 October 2017 |access-date=28 April 2017 |publisher=[[Mercer (consulting firm)|Mercer]] |location=New York / London}}</ref>
2018 සංගණනයේදී නවසීලන්ත ජනගහනයේ මධ්යන්ය වයස අවුරුදු 37.4 ක් විය,<ref>{{Cite web |title=2018 Census place summaries {{!}} Stats NZ |url=https://www.stats.govt.nz/tools/2018-census-place-summaries/new-zealand |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231114051053/https://www.stats.govt.nz/tools/2018-census-place-summaries/new-zealand |archive-date=14 November 2023 |access-date=9 September 2021 |website=www.stats.govt.nz}}</ref> 2017-2019 දී පිරිමින් සඳහා ආයු අපේක්ෂාව අවුරුදු 80.0 ක් සහ කාන්තාවන් සඳහා අවුරුදු 83.5 ක් විය.<ref>{{Cite web |title=National and subnational period life tables: 2017–2019 {{!}} Stats NZ |url=https://www.stats.govt.nz/information-releases/national-and-subnational-period-life-tables-2017-2019 |access-date=9 September 2021 |website=www.stats.govt.nz}}</ref> නවසීලන්තය උප-ප්රතිස්ථාපන සශ්රීකත්ව අනුපාතයක් අත්විඳින අතර, 2020 දී සම්පූර්ණ සශ්රීකත්ව අනුපාතය 1.6 ක් වුවද, සශ්රීකත්ව අනුපාතය OECD සාමාන්යයට වඩා ඉහළ ය.<ref>{{Cite web |last=de Jong |first=Eleanor |date=18 February 2021 |title=New Zealand birthrate sinks to its lowest ever |url=http://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/feb/18/new-zealand-birthrate-sinks-to-its-lowest-ever |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210910021458/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/feb/18/new-zealand-birthrate-sinks-to-its-lowest-ever |archive-date=10 September 2021 |access-date=9 September 2021 |website=the Guardian |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Demography – Fertility rates – OECD Data |url=http://data.oecd.org/pop/fertility-rates.htm |access-date=9 September 2021 |website=theOECD |language=en}}</ref> 2050 වන විට, මධ්යන්ය වයස අවුරුදු 43 දක්වා ඉහළ යනු ඇතැයි අපේක්ෂා කරන අතර, අවුරුදු 60 හෝ ඊට වැඩි පුද්ගලයින්ගේ ප්රතිශතය 18% සිට 29% දක්වා ඉහළ යනු ඇත.<ref name="UNtwspop">{{cite web |date=2009 |title=World Population Prospects |url=https://www.un.org/esa/population/publications/wpp2008/wpp2008_text_tables.pdf |access-date=29 August 2009 |publisher=[[United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs]] |version=2008 revision}}</ref> 2016 දී මරණයට ප්රධානතම හේතුව 30.3% ක් ලෙස පිළිකා වූ අතර, ඊට පසුව හෘද රෝග (14.9%) සහ මස්තිෂ්ක වාහිනී රෝග (7.4%) විය.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mortality 2016 data tables |url=https://www.health.govt.nz/publication/mortality-2016-data-tables |access-date=9 September 2021 |website=Ministry of Health NZ |language=en}}</ref> 2016 වන විට, සෞඛ්ය සේවා සඳහා වන මුළු වියදම (පෞද්ගලික අංශයේ වියදම් ඇතුළුව) GDP හි 9.2% කි.<ref>{{cite web |date=2016 |title=Health expenditure and financing |url=http://stats.oecd.org/Index.aspx?DataSetCode=SHA |access-date=8 December 2017 |work=Stats.OECD.org |publisher=[[Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development]]}}</ref>
{{Largest cities of New Zealand}}
=== ජනවාර්ගිකත්වය සහ සංක්රමණ ===
[[File:Queen_Street_Midtown_Auckland.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Queen_Street_Midtown_Auckland.jpg|alt=Pedestrians crossing a wide street which is flanked by storefronts|thumb|වාර්ගික වශයෙන් විවිධත්වයක් ඇති නගරයක් වන ඕක්ලන්ඩ් හි ක්වීන් වීදියේ පදිකයින්]]
2023 සංගණනයේදී, පදිංචිකරුවන්ගෙන් 62.1% ක් ජනවාර්ගික වශයෙන් නවසීලන්ත යුරෝපීයයන් ලෙස පිළිතුරු දුන් අතර, 17.8% ක් ජනවාර්ගික වශයෙන් මාඕරි ලෙස පිළිතුරු දුන්හ.<ref name="Census2023PopCounts" /> අනෙකුත් ප්රධාන ජනවාර්ගික කණ්ඩායම් අතරට චීන (5.2%), ඉන්දීය (5.1%), සැමෝවානු (4.3%), පිලිපීන (2.2%), ටොංගානු (2.0%), කුක් දූපත් මාඕරි (1.9%), සහ ඉංග්රීසි (1.4%) අය ඇතුළත් වේ.<ref name="Census2023PopCounts" /> 13.2% ක් බහුවිධ ජනවාර්ගිකත්වයන්ට අයත් බවට පිළිතුරු දුන් අතර, 8.2% ක් පමණක් යුරෝපීය සහ මාඕරි යන දෙකටම අයත් බවට පිළිතුරු දුන්හ.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Stats NZ |url=https://explore.data.stats.govt.nz/vis?fs%5B0%5D=2023%2520Census%252C0%257CEthnicity%252C%2520culture%252C%2520and%2520identity%2523CAT_ETHNICITY_CULTURE_AND_IDENTITY%2523&pg=0&fc=2023%2520Census&bp=true&snb=40&df%5Bds%5D=ds-nsiws-disseminate&df%5Bid%5D=CEN23_ECI_008&df%5Bag%5D=STATSNZ&df%5Bvs%5D=1.0&dq=2013%252B2018%252B2023.9999%252B99999%252B999999.212%252B9999.99.99&ly%5Brw%5D=CEN23_GEO_002&ly%5Bcl%5D=CEN23_YEAR_001%252CCEN23_ETH_006&to%5BTIME%5D=false |access-date=2024-12-06 |website=explore.data.stats.govt.nz}}</ref> නවසීලන්ත සංඛ්යාලේඛන ආයතනය පුද්ගලයන්ට බහුවිධ ජනවාර්ගිකත්වයන් තෝරා ගැනීමට ඉඩ සලසන අතර, මුළු ප්රතිචාර මත පදනම්ව ජනවාර්ගික දත්ත වාර්තා කරයි, එබැවින් ජනවාර්ගිකත්වයන්ගේ එකතුව 100% ට වඩා වැඩි වේ. එක් ජනවාර්ගිකත්වයක් පමණක් පිළිගත හැකි පැරණි පද්ධති සඳහා, මාඕරිවරුන්ට ඉහළම ප්රමුඛතාවය සහ නවසීලන්ත යුරෝපීයයන්ට අඩුම ප්රමුඛතාවය සහිතව, පූර්ව නිශ්චිත ප්රමුඛතා අනුපිළිවෙලක් මත පදනම්ව පුද්ගලයන් සාමාන්යයෙන් තනි ජනවාර්ගිකත්වයකට වෙන් කරනු ලැබේ.<ref name=":02">{{Cite web |date=September 2017 |title=HISO 10001:2017 Ethnicity Data Protocols |url=https://www.tewhatuora.govt.nz/assets/Our-health-system/Digital-health/Health-information-standards/HISO-10001-2017-Ethnicity-Data-Protocols.pdf |publisher=Ministry of Health (New Zealand)}}</ref>
මෑත දශකවලදී ජනගහනය වඩාත් බහු සංස්කෘතික හා විවිධත්වයෙන් යුක්ත වී ඇත: 1961 දී, සංගණනය වාර්තා කළේ නවසීලන්තයේ ජනගහනය 92% ක් යුරෝපීයයන් සහ 7% ක් මාඕරිවරුන් බවයි, ඉතිරි 1% ආසියානු සහ පැසිෆික් සුළුතරයන් විසින් බෙදා ගන්නා ලදී.<ref>{{cite book |last=Pool |first=Ian |author-link=Ian Pool |title=[[Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand]] |date=May 2011 |chapter=Population change – Key population trends |access-date=18 August 2017 |chapter-url=https://teara.govt.nz/en/graph/28720/new-zealand-population-by-ethnicity-1840-2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170818220947/https://teara.govt.nz/en/graph/28720/new-zealand-population-by-ethnicity-1840-2006 |archive-date=18 August 2017 |url-status=dead}}</ref> කෙසේ වෙතත්, නවසීලන්තයේ යුරෝපීය නොවන ජනගහනය අසමාන ලෙස උතුරු දූපතේ සහ විශේෂයෙන්ම ඕක්ලන්ඩ් කලාපයේ කේන්ද්රගත වී ඇත: නවසීලන්තයේ ජනගහනයෙන් 33% ක් ඕක්ලන්ඩ් හි වාසය කරන අතර, රටේ පැසිෆිකා ජනගහනයෙන් 62% ක් සහ එහි ආසියානු ජනගහනයෙන් 60% ක් එහි වාසය කරයි.<ref name="Census2023PopCounts" />
නවසීලන්ත පුරවැසියෙකු සඳහා වන නිල නාමය New Zealander වුවද, "කිවී" යන අනියම් නාමය ජාත්යන්තරව<ref>{{cite journal|last=Dalby|first=Simon|author-link=Simon Dalby (academic)|date=September 1993|title=The 'Kiwi disease': Geopolitical discourse in Aotearoa/New Zealand and the South Pacific|journal=[[Political Geography (journal)|Political Geography]]|volume=12|issue=5|pages=437–456|doi=10.1016/0962-6298(93)90012-V}}</ref> සහ දේශීයව ද බහුලව භාවිතා වේ.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Callister|first=Paul|date=2004|title=Seeking an Ethnic Identity: Is 'New Zealander' a Valid Ethnic Category?|url=http://panz.rsnz.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/01/nzpr-vol-30-1and-2_callister.pdf|url-status=dead|journal=New Zealand Population Review|volume=30|issue=1 & 2|pages=5–22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110515090608/http://panz.rsnz.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/01/nzpr-vol-30-1and-2_callister.pdf|archive-date=15 May 2011|access-date=18 January 2011}}</ref> යුරෝපීය සම්භවයක් ඇති නවසීලන්ත වැසියන් හැඳින්වීමට Pākehā යන මාඕරි වචනය භාවිතා කර ඇත, නමුත් සමහරු මෙම නම ප්රතික්ෂේප කරති. අද මෙම වචනය පොලිනීසියානු නොවන සියලුම නවසීලන්ත වැසියන් හැඳින්වීමට වැඩි වැඩියෙන් භාවිතා වේ.<ref name="Pakeha">{{cite web |last=Ranford |first=Jodie |title='Pakeha', Its Origin and Meaning |url=http://maorinews.com/writings/papers/other/pakeha.htm |access-date=20 February 2008 |work=Māori News |quote=Originally the Pakeha were the early European settlers, however, today 'Pakeha' is used to describe any peoples of non-Maori or non-Polynesian heritage. Pakeha is not an ethnicity but rather a way to differentiate between the historical origins of our settlers, the Polynesians and the Europeans, the Maori and the other.}}</ref>
නවසීලන්තයට මුලින්ම පැමිණියේ මාඕරිවරුන් වන අතර, පසුව මුල් යුරෝපීය පදිංචිකරුවන් පැමිණියහ. යටත්විජිතකරණයෙන් පසුව, සුදු ඕස්ට්රේලියානු ප්රතිපත්තියට සමාන සීමාකාරී ප්රතිපත්ති හේතුවෙන් සංක්රමණිකයන් ප්රධාන වශයෙන් බ්රිතාන්යය, අයර්ලන්තය සහ ඕස්ට්රේලියාවෙන් පැමිණියහ.<ref>{{cite book |author=Socidad Peruana de Medicina Intensiva (SOPEMI) |title=Trends in international migration: Continuous reporting system on migration |date=2000 |publisher=[[Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development]] |pages=276–278}}</ref> සැලකිය යුතු ලන්දේසි, ඩල්මේෂියන්,<ref>{{cite book |last=Walrond |first=Carl |title=[[Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand]] |date=21 September 2007 |chapter=Dalmatians |access-date=30 April 2010 |chapter-url=http://www.teara.govt.nz/en/dalmatians}}</ref> ජර්මානු, සහ ඉතාලි සංක්රමණ ද ඇති වූ අතර, ඕස්ට්රේලියාව, උතුරු ඇමරිකාව, දකුණු ඇමරිකාව සහ දකුණු අප්රිකාව හරහා වක්ර යුරෝපීය සංක්රමණ ද සිදු විය.<ref>{{cite book |title=[[Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand]] |date=2005 |chapter=Peoples |access-date=2 June 2017 |chapter-url=http://www.teara.govt.nz/en/peoples}}</ref><ref name="Immigration history">{{cite book |last1=Phillips |first1=Jock |title=[[Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand]] |date=11 August 2015 |chapter=History of immigration |access-date=2 June 2017 |chapter-url=http://www.teara.govt.nz/en/history-of-immigration}}</ref> දෙවන ලෝක යුද්ධයෙන් පසු ශුද්ධ සංක්රමණය වැඩි විය; 1970 සහ 1980 ගණන්වලදී සංක්රමණ ප්රතිපත්ති ලිහිල් කරන ලද අතර, ආසියාවෙන් සංක්රමණය ප්රවර්ධනය කරන ලදී.<ref name="Immigration history" /><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Brawley|first1=Sean|date=1993|title='No White Policy in NZ': Fact and Fiction in New Zealand's Asian Immigration Record, 1946–1978|url=http://www.nzjh.auckland.ac.nz/docs/1993/NZJH_27_1_03.pdf|url-status=dead|journal=New Zealand Journal of History|volume=27|issue=1|pages=33–36|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008221530/http://www.nzjh.auckland.ac.nz/docs/1993/NZJH_27_1_03.pdf|archive-date=8 October 2020|access-date=2 June 2017}}</ref> 2009-10 දී, නවසීලන්ත සංක්රමණ සේවය විසින් වාර්ෂික ස්ථිර පදිංචි අනුමත කිරීම් 45,000-50,000 ක ඉලක්කයක් නියම කරන ලදී—එනම් නවසීලන්ත පදිංචිකරුවන් 100 කට එක් නව සංක්රමණිකයෙකුට වඩා වැඩි ප්රමාණයකි.<ref name="Recent immigration">{{cite journal|date=2010|title=International Migration Outlook: New Zealand 2009/10|url=http://www.dol.govt.nz/publications/research/sopemi/2009-2010/imo-2009-2010.pdf|url-status=dead|journal=OECD Continuous Reporting System on Migration (SOPEMI)|publisher=[[Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development]]|page=2|issn=1179-5085|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110511071208/http://www.dol.govt.nz/publications/research/sopemi/2009-2010/imo-2009-2010.pdf|archive-date=11 May 2011|access-date=16 April 2011|via=[[New Zealand Department of Labour]]}}</ref> 2018 සංගණනයේදී, ගණන් කරන ලද පුද්ගලයන්ගෙන් 27.4% ක් නවසීලන්තයේ උපන් අය නොවන අතර, එය 2013 සංගණනයේ 25.2% ට වඩා වැඩි වීමකි. නවසීලන්තයේ විදේශයන්හි උපන් ජනගහනයෙන් අඩකට වඩා (52.4%) ඕක්ලන්ඩ් කලාපයේ ජීවත් වේ.<ref>{{cite web |title=Birthplace (detailed), for the census usually resident population count, 2006, 2013, and 2018 Censuses (RC, TA, SA2, DHB) |url=http://nzdotstat.stats.govt.nz/wbos/Index.aspx?DataSetCode=TABLECODE8279 |access-date=22 July 2020 |work=nzdotstat.stats.govt.nz |publisher=[[Statistics New Zealand]]}}</ref> එක්සත් රාජධානිය නවසීලන්තයේ සංක්රමණික ජනගහනයේ විශාලතම මූලාශ්රය ලෙස පවතින අතර, විදේශයන්හි උපන් සියලුම නවසීලන්ත වැසියන්ගෙන් හතරෙන් එකක් පමණ එහි උපත ලබා ඇත; නවසීලන්තයේ විදේශයන්හි උපන් ජනගහනයේ අනෙකුත් ප්රධාන මූලාශ්ර වන්නේ චීනය, ඉන්දියාව, ඕස්ට්රේලියාව, දකුණු අප්රිකාව, ෆීජි සහ සැමෝවා ය.<ref>{{cite web |date=23 September 2019 |title=2018 Census totals by topic – national highlights |url=https://www.stats.govt.nz/information-releases/2018-census-totals-by-topic-national-highlights |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190923102431/https://www.stats.govt.nz/information-releases/2018-census-totals-by-topic-national-highlights |archive-date=23 September 2019 |access-date=22 July 2020 |publisher=[[Statistics New Zealand]]}}</ref> 1990 ගණන්වල අග භාගයේදී ගාස්තු ගෙවන ජාත්යන්තර සිසුන් සහ ජාත්යන්තර හුවමාරු සිසුන් සංඛ්යාව තියුනු ලෙස වැඩි වූ අතර, 2002 දී පොදු උසස් අධ්යාපන ආයතනවල 20,000 කට අධික පිරිසක් ඉගෙනුම ලැබූහ.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Butcher|first1=Andrew|last2=McGrath|first2=Terry|date=2004|title=International Students in New Zealand: Needs and Responses|url=http://ehlt.flinders.edu.au/education/iej/articles/v5n4/butcher/paper.pdf|url-status=dead|journal=International Education Journal|volume=5|issue=4|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120309072621/http://ehlt.flinders.edu.au/education/iej/articles/v5n4/butcher/paper.pdf|archive-date=9 March 2012|access-date=19 January 2011}}</ref>
=== භාෂාව ===
[[File:TeReoMaori2013.png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:TeReoMaori2013.png|alt=Map of New Zealand showing the percentage of people in each census area unit who speak Māori. Areas of the North Island exhibit the highest Māori proficiency.|thumb|2013 සංගණනයට අනුව මාඕරි භාෂාව කතා කරන්නන්:<ref>{{cite book |title=2013 Census QuickStats |date=2013 |publisher=[[Statistics New Zealand]] |isbn=978-0-478-40864-5}}</ref> {{legend|#fef0d9|5% ට අඩු}} {{legend|#fdd8a4|5% ට වැඩි}} {{legend|#fcb779|10% ට වැඩි}} {{legend|#fc8d59|20% ට වැඩි}} {{legend|#eb603f|30% ට වැඩි}} {{legend|#d33121|40% ට වැඩි}} {{legend|#a50c0c|50% ට වැඩි}}]]
නවසීලන්තයේ ප්රමුඛ භාෂාව ඉංග්රීසි වන අතර, එය ජනගහනයෙන් 95.4% ක් විසින් කතා කරනු ලැබේ.<ref name="Census2018_pdc">{{cite web |title=Quick stats about ethnicity for New Zealand (2018 Census) |url=https://www.stats.govt.nz/tools/2018-census-place-summaries/new-zealand#ethnicity |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231114051053/https://www.stats.govt.nz/tools/2018-census-place-summaries/new-zealand#religion |archive-date=14 November 2023 |access-date=14 November 2023 |publisher=[[Statistics New Zealand]] |at=Source: Stats NZ and licensed by Stats NZ for reuse under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International licence.}}</ref> නවසීලන්ත ඉංග්රීසි යනු සුවිශේෂී උච්චාරණයක් සහ ශබ්දකෝෂයක් සහිත භාෂාවේ ප්රභේදයකි.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |title=English language in New Zealand – Characteristics of New Zealand English |encyclopedia=Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand |url=https://teara.govt.nz/en/english-language-in-new-zealand/page-1 |access-date=11 November 2021 |date=7 October 2018 |last1=Bardsley |first1=Dianne}}</ref> එය ඕස්ට්රේලියානු ඉංග්රීසි භාෂාවට සමාන වන අතර, උතුරු අර්ධගෝලයේ බොහෝ කථිකයන්ට උච්චාරණ වෙන්කර හඳුනා ගැනීමට නොහැකි වේ.{{sfn|Hay|Maclagan|Gordon|2008|p=14}} නවසීලන්ත ඉංග්රීසි උපභාෂාව සහ අනෙකුත් ඉංග්රීසි උපභාෂා අතර වඩාත් කැපී පෙනෙන වෙනස්කම් වන්නේ කෙටි ඉදිරිපස ස්වරවල විපර්යාසයන්ය.
දෙවන ලෝක යුද්ධයෙන් පසු, මාඕරිවරුන්ට පාසල්වල සහ රැකියා ස්ථානවල ඔවුන්ගේම භාෂාව (te reo Māori) කතා කිරීම අධෛර්යමත් කරන ලදී හෝ බලෙන් නවත්වන ලදී, එය දුරස්ථ ප්රදේශ කිහිපයක පමණක් ප්රජා භාෂාවක් ලෙස පැවතුනි.<ref name="Māori language">{{cite book |last=Phillips |first=Jock |title=[[Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand]] |date=March 2009 |chapter=The New Zealanders – Bicultural New Zealand |access-date=21 January 2011 |chapter-url=http://www.TeAra.govt.nz/en/the-new-zealanders/12}}</ref> 1867 ස්වදේශික පාසල් පනත සියලුම පාසල්වල ඉංග්රීසි භාෂාවෙන් ඉගැන්වීම අවශ්ය කළ අතර, දරුවන්ට මාඕරි භාෂාව කතා කිරීම තහනම් කරන නිල ප්රතිපත්තියක් නොතිබුණද, එසේ කළහොත් බොහෝ දෙනෙක් ශාරීරික හිංසනයන්ට ලක් වූහ.<ref>{{Cite web |date=30 May 2023 |title=The Crown's legacy of beating Māori children for speaking their reo |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/te-wiki-o-te-reo-maori-beaten-for-speaking-their-native-tongue-and-the-generations-that-suffered/F7G6XCM62QAHTYVSRVOCRKAUYI/ |access-date=29 May 2023 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=3 September 2019 |title=Crown should apologise to Māori beaten as children for te reo, says Dover Samuels |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/politics/115508946/crown-should-apologise-to-mori-beaten-as-children-for-te-reo-says-dover-samuels |access-date=29 May 2023 |website=Stuff |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=21 September 2015 |title=Native Affairs – Silenced |url=https://www.teaomaori.news/native-affairs-silenced |access-date=29 May 2023 |website=Māori Television |language=en}}</ref> මාඕරි භාෂාව මෑතකදී පුනර්ජීවනය වීමේ ක්රියාවලියකට භාජනය වී ඇති අතර,<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/australiaandthepacific/newzealand/1490814/British-influence-ebbs-as-New-Zealand-takes-to-talking-Maori.html|title=British influence ebbs as New Zealand takes to talking Māori|last=Squires|first=Nick|date=May 2005|work=The Daily Telegraph|access-date=3 May 2017|archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220110/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/australiaandthepacific/newzealand/1490814/British-influence-ebbs-as-New-Zealand-takes-to-talking-Maori.html|archive-date=10 January 2022|url-access=subscription|url-status=live}}{{cbignore}}</ref> 1987 දී නවසීලන්තයේ නිල භාෂාවක් ලෙස ප්රකාශයට පත් කරන ලද අතර,<ref>{{cite web |date=July 2010 |title=Waitangi Tribunal claim – Māori Language Week |url=https://nzhistory.govt.nz/culture/maori-language-week/waitangi-tribunal-claim |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230602204914/http://nzhistory.net.nz/culture/maori-language-week/waitangi-tribunal-claim |archive-date=2 June 2023 |access-date=19 January 2011 |publisher=[[New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage]]}}</ref> ජනගහනයෙන් 4.0% ක් විසින් කතා කරනු ලැබේ.<ref name="Census2018_pdc" />{{refn|In 2015, 55% of Māori adults (aged 15 years and over) reported knowledge of {{lang|mi|te reo Māori}}. Of these speakers, 64% use Māori at home and 50,000 can speak the language "very well" or "well".<ref name="tereoMaori">{{cite web |title=Ngā puna kōrero: Where Māori speak te reo – infographic |url= http://www.stats.govt.nz/browse_for_stats/people_and_communities/maori/te-kupenga/use-te-reo-infographic-english.aspx |publisher=[[Statistics New Zealand]] |access-date=8 September 2016}}</ref>|group=n}} දැන් මාඕරි භාෂා-ගිල්වීමේ පාසල් සහ ප්රධාන වශයෙන් මාඕරි භාෂාවෙන් විකාශනය වන රූපවාහිනී නාලිකා දෙකක් ඇත.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.nzherald.co.nz/business/news/article.cfm?c_id=3&objectid=11670518|title='Maori' will remain in the name Maori Television|last=Drinnan|first=John|date=8 July 2016|work=[[The New Zealand Herald]]|access-date=28 August 2016|quote=According to 2015 figures supplied by Maori TV, its two channels broadcast an average of 72 per cent Māori language content – 59 per cent on the main channel and 99 per cent on Te Reo|archive-date=9 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200809062031/https://www.nzherald.co.nz/business/news/article.cfm?c_id=3&objectid=11670518|url-status=dead}}</ref> බොහෝ ස්ථානවල ඔවුන්ගේ මාඕරි සහ ඉංග්රීසි යන නම් දෙකම නිල වශයෙන් පිළිගෙන ඇත.<ref>{{cite web |date=20 May 2014 |title=Ngāi Tahu Claims Settlement Act 1998 |url=http://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/1998/0097/latest/DLM429090.html |access-date=10 March 2019 |publisher=[[New Zealand Parliamentary Counsel Office]] |orig-year=1 October 1998}}</ref>
2018 සංගණනයේ වාර්තා වූ පරිදි,<ref name="Census2018_pdc" /> සැමෝවානු වඩාත් බහුලව කතා කරන නිල නොවන භාෂාව වන අතර (2.2%), එයට පසුව "උතුරු චීන" (මැන්ඩරින් ඇතුළුව, 2.0%), හින්දි (1.5%), සහ ප්රංශ (1.2%) වේ. නවසීලන්ත සංඥා භාෂාව 22,986 දෙනෙකුට (0.5%) තේරුම් ගත හැකි බව වාර්තා විය; එය 2006 දී නවසීලන්තයේ නිල භාෂාවක් බවට පත් විය.<ref>{{Cite web |date=10 April 2006 |title=New Zealand Sign Language Act 2006 |url=https://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/2006/0018/latest/DLM372754.html |publisher=[[Parliamentary Counsel Office (New Zealand)|Parliamentary Counsel Office]] |version=1 July 2022}}</ref>
=== ආගම ===
[[File:Ratana_Church_Raetihi.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ratana_Church_Raetihi.jpg|alt=Simple white building with two red domed towers|දකුණ|thumb|රේතිහි අසල කන්දක් මත පිහිටි රතන පල්ලියක්. කුළුණු දෙකකින් යුත් ඉදිකිරීම් රතන ගොඩනැගිලිවල ලක්ෂණයකි.<ref name="Kaa">{{cite book |last1=Kaa |first1=Hirini |title=[[Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand]] |date=March 2017 |chapter=Ngā hāhi – Māori and Christian denominations – Ringatū and Rātana |access-date=4 April 2020 |chapter-url=https://teara.govt.nz/en/nga-hahi-maori-and-christian-denominations/page-7}}{{භින්න වූ සබැඳි|date=June 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>]]
2023 සංගණනයේදී, ජනගහනයෙන් 51.6% ක් කිසිදු ආගමක් නොමැති බව ප්රකාශ කළ අතර,<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=2023 Census population, dwelling, and housing highlights |url=https://www.stats.govt.nz/information-releases/2023-census-population-dwelling-and-housing-highlights/ |access-date=2024-10-04 |website=[[Statistics New Zealand]] |publisher=}}</ref> එය 2018 සංගණනයේ 48.2% ට වඩා වැඩි වීමකි.<ref name="Census2018_pdc" /> කිතුනුවන් විශාලතම තනි ආගමික කණ්ඩායම වන අතර, ජනගහනයෙන් 32.3% ක් සෑදේ,<ref name=":1" /> එය 2018 හි 36.5% ට සාපේක්ෂව අඩු වීමකි.<ref name="Census2018_pdc" /> හින්දු භක්තිකයන් දෙවන විශාලතම ආගමික සුළුතරය වන අතර, ජනගහනයෙන් 2.9% ක් සෑදෙන අතර, ඊට පසුව 1.5% කින් මුස්ලිම්වරුන් සිටී.<ref name=":1" /> ඕක්ලන්ඩ් කලාපය විශාලතම ආගමික විවිධත්වයක් පෙන්නුම් කළේය.<ref>{{cite web |date=23 September 2019 |title=2018 Census place summaries |url=https://www.stats.govt.nz/tools/2018-census-place-summaries/auckland-region#religion |access-date=30 March 2020 |work=[[Statistics New Zealand]] |publisher=}}</ref>
=== අධ්යාපනය ===
අවුරුදු 6 සිට 16 දක්වා ළමුන් සඳහා ප්රාථමික සහ ද්විතීයික පාසල් අධ්යාපනය අනිවාර්ය වන අතර, බොහෝ ළමුන් අවුරුදු 5 සිට පාසල් යති.<ref name="Education Stats">{{cite web |last=Dench |first=Olivia |date=July 2010 |title=Education Statistics of New Zealand: 2009 |url=http://www.educationcounts.govt.nz/publications/ECE/2507/80221 |access-date=19 January 2011 |publisher=Education Counts}}</ref> පාසල් වසර 13 ක් ඇත, සහ නවසීලන්ත පුරවැසියන්ට සහ ස්ථිර පදිංචිකරුවන්ට ඔවුන්ගේ 5 වන උපන්දිනයේ සිට ඔවුන්ගේ 19 වන උපන්දිනයෙන් පසු දින දර්ශන වර්ෂය අවසන් වන තෙක් රාජ්ය පාසල්වල (රජයේ) අධ්යාපනය නොමිලේ.<ref>{{cite web |date=1989 |title=Education Act 1989 No 80 |url=http://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/1989/0080/latest/DLM177440.html |access-date=5 January 2013 |publisher=[[New Zealand Parliamentary Counsel Office]] |at=Section 3}}</ref> නවසීලන්තයේ වැඩිහිටි සාක්ෂරතා අනුපාතය 99% කි,<ref name="CIA">{{cite web |date=25 February 2021 |title=New Zealand |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/new-zealand/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109223000/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/new-zealand/ |archive-date=9 January 2021 |access-date=20 March 2021 |work=[[The World Factbook]] |publisher=[[US Central Intelligence Agency]]}}</ref> සහ අවුරුදු 15 සිට 29 දක්වා ජනගහනයෙන් අඩකට වඩා උසස් අධ්යාපන සුදුසුකම් ලබා ඇත.<ref name="Education Stats" />
රජයට අයත් උසස් අධ්යාපන ආයතන වර්ග පහක් ඇත: විශ්ව විද්යාල, අධ්යාපන විද්යාල, බහු තාක්ෂණික විද්යාල, විශේෂිත විද්යාල, සහ වනන්ගා,<ref name="EducationAct1989">{{cite web |date=1 February 2011 |title=Education Act 1989 No 80 (as at 0<!-- no reformat -->1 February 2011), Public Act. Part 14: Establishment and disestablishment of tertiary institutions, Section 62: Establishment of institutions |url=http://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/1989/0080/latest/DLM183668.html |access-date=15 August 2011 |work=Education Act 1989 No 80 |publisher=[[New Zealand Parliamentary Counsel Office]]}}</ref> ඊට අමතරව පෞද්ගලික පුහුණු ආයතන ද ඇත.<ref name="NZQA">{{cite web |title=Studying in New Zealand: Tertiary education |url=http://www.nzqa.govt.nz/studying-in-new-zealand/tertiary-education |access-date=15 August 2011 |publisher=[[New Zealand Qualifications Authority]]}}</ref> 2021 දී, අවුරුදු 25-64 අතර ජනගහනයෙන්; 13% ට කිසිදු විධිමත් සුදුසුකමක් නොතිබුණි, 21% ට පාසල් සුදුසුකමක් තිබුණි, 28% ට උසස් අධ්යාපන සහතිකයක් හෝ ඩිප්ලෝමාවක් තිබුණි, සහ 35% ට උපාධියක් හෝ ඊට වැඩි සුදුසුකමක් තිබුණි.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Educational attainment of the adult population |url=https://www.educationcounts.govt.nz/statistics/achievement-and-attainment/educational-attainment-of-the-adult-population.xlsx |website=educationcounts.govt.nz}}</ref> OECD හි ජාත්යන්තර ශිෂ්ය තක්සේරු කිරීමේ වැඩසටහන නවසීලන්තය ගණිතය සඳහා OECD හි 28 වැනි හොඳම ස්ථානයට, විද්යාව සඳහා 13 වැනි හොඳම ස්ථානයට, සහ කියවීම සඳහා 11 වැනි හොඳම ස්ථානයට ශ්රේණිගත කරයි.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019 |title=PISA 2018 results |url=https://www.oecd.org/pisa/publications/pisa-2018-results.htm |access-date=7 October 2023 |website=PISA}}</ref>
== සටහන් ==
<references group="n" />
== යොමු කිරීම් ==
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[[චුම්භක අනුනාද ප්රතිරූපණය]] වෙතට යළි-යොමුකරමින්
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Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1336350661|Fibula]]"
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{{Infobox bone|Name=අනුජංඝාස්ථිය|Latin=(os) fibula|Image=Fibula - anterior view.png|Caption=මානව දේහය තුළ අනුජංඝාස්ථියේ පිහිටීම (රතු පැහැයෙන්)|Image2=Braus 1921 293.png|Caption2=මානව පාදයේ හරස්කඩක, මධ්යයට ආසන්නයේ අනුජංඝාස්ථිය දැක්වේ (මෙහි වාග්මාලාව ලතින් සහ ජර්මන් බසින් වේ)|Origins=|Insertions=|Articulations=[[උත්තර ජංඝා-අනුජංඝාස්ථි සන්ධිය|උත්තර]] සහ [[අධර ජංඝා-අනුජංඝාස්ථි සන්ධිය]]<br />
[[වළලුකර]]}}
[[ගොනුව:3D_Medical_Animation_Fibula_Structure.jpg|alt=3D Medical Animation still shot of Fibula structure|thumb|260x260පික්|අනුජංඝාස්ථියේ ව්යුහයේ ත්රිමාණ වෛද්ය සජීවිකරණයක නිශ්චල ඡායාරූපයක්]]
'''අනුජංඝාස්ථිය''' (බහු. '''අනුජංඝාස්ථි''') හෝ '''කෙණ්ඩා අස්ථිය''' යනු [[ජංඝාස්ථිය|ජංඝාස්ථියේ]] පාර්ශ්වීය පෙදෙසේ ඇති පාද අස්ථියක් වන අතර එය ඉහළින් සහ පහළින් ජංඝාස්ථිය හා සම්බන්ධ වේ. එය එම ප්රදේශයේ වූ අස්ථි දෙකෙන් කුඩා එක වන අතර එහි දිගට සමානුපාතිකව, සියලුම දිගු අස්ථි වලින් සිහින්ම වේ. එහි ඉහළ අන්තය කුඩා වන අතර, [[ජංඝාස්ථිය|ජංඝාස්ථියේ හිස]] පිටුපසට වන්නට, දණහිස් සන්ධියට පහළින් ස්ථානගතව ඇති අතර දණහිස් සන්ධිය සෑදීමට දායක නොවේ. එහි පහළ අන්තය තරමක් ඉදිරියට නැඹුරු වන අතර එමඟින් ඉහළ කෙළවරට ඉදිරිපස තලයක පිහිටා ඇත; එය ජංඝාස්ථියට පහළින් නෙරා වළලුකර සන්ධියේ පාර්ශ්වීය කොටස සාදයි.
== ආශ්රේයයන් ==
{{ආශ්රලැයිස්තුව}}{{Bones of lower extremity}}<templatestyles src="Module:Portal bar/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Portal bar|Anatomy}}{{අධිකාරී පාලනය}}
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[[ජොසොන් රාජවංශයේ සැබෑ වාර්තා]] වෙතට යළි-යොමුකරමින්
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#යළියොමුව [[ජොසොන් රාජවංශයේ සැබෑ වාර්තා]]
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