Wikipedia smwiki https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/It%C5%ABlau_Muamua MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.10 first-letter Media Special Talk User User talk Wikipedia Wikipedia talk File File talk MediaWiki MediaWiki talk Template Template talk Help Help talk Category Category talk TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 7020 48417 45345 2026-07-12T18:23:02Z Vyacheslav Nasretdinov 5122 48417 wikitext text/x-wiki {| border=1 align=right cellpadding=4 cellspacing=0 width=300 style="margin: 0.5em 0 1em 1em; background: #ffffff; border: 1px #aaaaaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" |+<big><big>Le Ripapelika o Kasakisitana‎</big></big><br /><big><big>'''Қазақстан Республикасы'''</big></big> |- | style="background:#ffffff;" align=center colspan=2 | {| border=0 cellpadding=2 cellspacing=0 | align=center width=148 | [[File:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|125px]] | align=center width=148 | [[File:Emblem of Kazakhstan (1992-2018).svg|125px]] |- | align=center width=148 | [[Fu'a o Kasakisitana|fu‘a]] | align=center width=148 | [[Ofu o lima o Kasakisitana|Ofu o lima]] |} |- | align=center colspan=2 style="background: #ffffff;" | |- | '''[[peresitene]]''' | Nulusulutanu Nasalapaefu ([[Fa'akasaka]]: Нұрсұлтан Назарбаев) |- | '''[[Laumua]]''' | Asetana |- | '''[[Gagana tetele]]''' | [[Fa'akasaka]], [[Fa'arusia]] |- | '''[[Tupe]]''' | [[Kasakisitana Tege]] (KZT) |- | '''[[Aofai o Tagata]]''' | 18.117.641 (2017) |- | align=center colspan=2 style="background: #ffffff;" | [[File:Kazakhstan (orthographic projection).svg|200px]] |} O '''Kasakisitana''' (igoa aloaia - le '''Ripapelika o Kasakisitana''' ([[Fa'akasaka]]: Қазақстан Республикасы)) o se atunuu o loʻo i le ogatotonu o Eurasia. Faitau aofai - 18.117.641 tagata (2017). O lona teritori aofia 2.724.902 km², ua avea ai le 9 atunuu aupito tele i le lalolagi. O le tupe faavae - Asetana, ei ai i le 1.026.181 tagata (2017). Aupito tele aai, Alamatea, ei ai i le 1.8 miliona tagata. O le gagana aloaia - o Kasaka. O le gagana aloaia na faʻaogaina i le atunuu faatasi ai ma le gagana a le setete - o le Rusia. == Talafaasolopito == == Malo == == Sosaiete == == Felauaiga == == Aoaoga == == Siʻosiʻomaga == == Tau == == Tamaoaiga == == Paka lautele == == Taaloga == == Aganuu == == Tagai foi == == Mau == == Sootaga fafo == [[Category:Asia]] [[Category:Le Lalolagi]] praynhxm0b3c0ezolt1jqeul9holsxc 48418 48417 2026-07-12T19:00:37Z Vyacheslav Nasretdinov 5122 48418 wikitext text/x-wiki {| border=1 align=right cellpadding=4 cellspacing=0 width=300 style="margin: 0.5em 0 1em 1em; background: #ffffff; border: 1px #aaaaaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" |+<big><big>Le Ripapelika o Kasakisitana‎</big></big><br /><big><big>'''Қазақстан Республикасы'''</big></big> |- | style="background:#ffffff;" align=center colspan=2 | {| border=0 cellpadding=2 cellspacing=0 | align=center width=148 | [[File:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|125px]] | align=center width=148 | [[File:Emblem of Kazakhstan (1992-2018).svg|125px]] |- | align=center width=148 | [[Fu'a o Kasakisitana|fu‘a]] | align=center width=148 | [[Ofu o lima o Kasakisitana|Ofu o lima]] |} |- | align=center colspan=2 style="background: #ffffff;" | |- | '''[[peresitene]]''' | Nulusulutanu Nasalapaefu ([[Fa'akasaka]]: Нұрсұлтан Назарбаев) |- | '''[[Laumua]]''' | Asetana |- | '''[[Gagana tetele]]''' | [[Fa'akasaka]], [[Fa'arusia]] |- | '''[[Tupe]]''' | [[Kasakisitana Tege]] (KZT) |- | '''[[Aofai o Tagata]]''' | 18.117.641 (2017) |- | align=center colspan=2 style="background: #ffffff;" | [[File:Kazakhstan (orthographic projection).svg|200px]] |} O '''Kasakisitana''' (igoa aloaia - le '''Ripapelika o Kasakisitana''' ([[Fa'akasaka]]: Қазақстан Республикасы)) o se atunuu o loʻo i le ogatotonu o Eurasia. Faitau aofai - 18.117.641 tagata (2017). O lona teritori aofia 2.724.902 km², ua avea ai le 9 atunuu aupito tele i le lalolagi. O le tupe faavae - Asetana, ei ai i le 1.026.181 tagata (2017). O aai tetele e iai le tāua fa‘arepubalika o Alamatea, lea e silia ma le 2.2 miliona tagata e nonofo ai (2023), ma [[Simikeneta]], lea e 1.3 miliona tagata e nonofo ai (2026). O le gagana aloaia - o Kasaka. O le gagana aloaia na faʻaogaina i le atunuu faatasi ai ma le gagana a le setete - o le Rusia. == Talafaasolopito == == Malo == == Sosaiete == == Felauaiga == == Aoaoga == == Siʻosiʻomaga == == Tau == == Tamaoaiga == == Paka lautele == == Taaloga == == Aganuu == == Tagai foi == == Mau == == Sootaga fafo == [[Category:Asia]] [[Category:Le Lalolagi]] dfsts5dvuxox63zk49s6hlzqsxzusk0 0 11490 48419 2026-07-12T19:07:07Z Vyacheslav Nasretdinov 5122 Created page with "[[File:Shymkent independence square in 2023.jpg|thumb|Sikuea o Oratapasi - Ordabassy Square]] [[File:Independence-Park-Shymkent-Kazakhstan.jpg|thumb|Paka o le Tutoʻatasi - Independence Park]] [[File:Citadel-Shymkent-Kazakhstan.jpg|thumb|Olo o Simikeneta - Citadel of Shymkent]] [[File:Tulip-Fountain-Shymkent-Kazakhstan.jpg|thumb|Vaipuna o le Tulipe - Tulip Fountain]] [[File:Aerial View of Shymkent.jpg|thumb|Vaaiga mai le ea o Simikeneta - Aerial View of Shymkent]] '''Si..." 48419 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Shymkent independence square in 2023.jpg|thumb|Sikuea o Oratapasi - Ordabassy Square]] [[File:Independence-Park-Shymkent-Kazakhstan.jpg|thumb|Paka o le Tutoʻatasi - Independence Park]] [[File:Citadel-Shymkent-Kazakhstan.jpg|thumb|Olo o Simikeneta - Citadel of Shymkent]] [[File:Tulip-Fountain-Shymkent-Kazakhstan.jpg|thumb|Vaipuna o le Tulipe - Tulip Fountain]] [[File:Aerial View of Shymkent.jpg|thumb|Vaaiga mai le ea o Simikeneta - Aerial View of Shymkent]] '''Simikeneta''' (i le [[Fa'akasaka]]: '''Шымкент'''; i le alafapeta Latina: ''Şymkent''; na taʻua o '''Chernyayev''' mai le 1914 seʻia oo i le 1924; ma na tusia aloaʻia i le gagana Rusia o '''Chimkent''' seʻia oo i le 1992) o se aʻai telē i le itu i saute o [[Kasakisitana]], e lē mamao mai le tuaoi ma [[Usipekitana]]. O Simikeneta o se tasi o aʻai e tolu o Kasakisitana ua iai le tulaga faapitoa o se '''aʻai e tāua i le tulaga faale-republika''', faatasi ma [[Asetana]] ma [[Alamatea]]. O lona uiga o Simikeneta o se vaega tau pulega tutoʻatasi e tutusa lona tulaga ma itulagi o le atunuu. E lē aofia le aʻai i le Itulagi o [[Tulikisitana]] (Turkistan), e ui e siʻomia lona teritori e lea itulagi. I le aso 1 Iuni 2026, e 1,308,120 tagata na nonofo i Simikeneta.<ref name="population2026">[https://stat.gov.kz/en/region/ ''Population of the regions of the Republic of Kazakhstan as of June 1, 2026''], Ofisa o Fuainumera Faamauina a Kasakisitana. Na maua i le 11 Iulai 2026.</ref> O le aʻai lona tolu lea o Kasakisitana i le toʻatele o tagata, pe a mavae Alamatea ma Asetana. O se tasi foʻi o nofoaga autū o le atunuu mo alamanuia, fefaatauaʻiga, felauaiga, aʻoaʻoga ma aganuʻu. Seʻia oo i le aso 19 Iuni 2018, sa avea Simikeneta ma laumua tau pulega o le Itulagi o Kasakisitana i Saute. I lenā aso, na aveese ai le aʻai mai le itulagi ma tuuina atu i ai le tulaga o se aʻai e tāua i le tulaga faale-republika. Na toe faaigoaina le Itulagi o Kasakisitana i Saute o le Itulagi o Tulikisitana, ma na siitia lona nofoaga autū tau pulega i le aʻai o [[Tulikisitana]].<ref name="status2018">[https://www.akorda.kz/ru/legal_acts/decrees/o-nekotoryh-voprosah-administrativno-territorialnogo-ustroistva-respubliki-kazahstan Poloaʻiga a le Peresitene o Kasakisitana e faatatau i le faatulagaga tau pulega ma teritori], 19 Iuni 2018.</ref> I le 2020, na filifilia ai Simikeneta e avea ma laumua o aganuʻu a le [[Taupulega o Malo Tutoʻatasi]].<ref name="culture2020">[https://www.gov.kz/memleket/entities/Shymkent/press/news/details/119117?lang=ru Simikeneta o le laumua o aganuʻu a le Taupulega o Malo Tutoʻatasi], Pulega o Simikeneta, 2020.</ref> == Igoa == E masani ona faamatalaina le igoa '''Simikeneta''' (Şymkent) o se tuufaatasiga o ni vaega se lua. O le vaega lona lua, '''kent''' po o '''kand''', e tupuga mai i gagana Iranī anamua ma le gagana Sogdiana. O lona uiga o le “aʻai”, “nuu”, “nofoaga ua ainā” po o le “nofoaga o tagata”. E maua lenei vaega i igoa o le tele o aʻai i [[Asia Tutotonu]], e aofia ai [[Tasikeneta]] (Tashkent) ma [[Samalikaneda]] (Samarkand). O le vaega muamua, '''shym''' po o '''chim''', e fesootaʻi ma upu e faasino i le mutia, laufanua lanumeamata, fanua e fafaga ai manu po o se vanu ua tumu i laau ma fugālaau. O le mea lea, e mafai ona faamatalaina le igoa o le aʻai o le “aʻai i laufanua mutia”, le “aʻai lanumeamata” po o le “aʻai i le vanu lauolaola”.<ref>Э. М. Мурзаев, ''Словарь народных географических терминов''. Moscow: Мысль, 1984.</ref> I faamaumauga tuai, e eseese auala na tusia ai le igoa o le aʻai, e aofia ai ''Chimkent'', ''Chimkand'', ''Chimket'', ''Chamankent'' ma ''Simikeneta''. I le 1914, ina ua atoa le 50 tausaga talu ona pulea e ʻautau a le Malo o Rusia le ʻolo o le aʻai, na toe faaigoaina ai o '''Chernyayev''', e faamamalu ai le taʻitaʻiʻau Rusia o Mikhail Chernyayev. Na toe faafoʻi le igoa Chimkent i le 1924. Ina ua tutoʻatasi Kasakisitana, na suia i le aso 8 Setema 1992 le sipelaga aloaʻia i le gagana Rusia mai le ''Чимкент'' i le ''Шымкент'', ina ia latalata atili i le faaleoga Kasaka. == Faafanua == E tū Simikeneta i le itu i saute o Kasakisitana, e latalata i le tuaoi ma Usipekitana, i le vaega i sisifo o auvae mauga o le [[Tian Shan]]. E tusa ma le 506 mita le maualuga o le ogatotonu o le aʻai i luga aʻe o le sami. E tusa ma le 1,163 km² le lautele o lona teritori tau pulega.<ref>[https://stat.gov.kz/api/iblock/element/223884/file/en/ ''Demographic Yearbook of Kazakhstan''], Ofisa o Fuainumera Faamauina a Kasakisitana.</ref> E tusa le mamao o Simikeneta ma: le 100–120 km i le itu i mātū o Tasikeneta, le laumua o Usipekitana; le 150 km i le itu i saute o Tulikisitana; le 690 km i le itu i sisifo o Alamatea; le 1,480 km i le itu i saute o Asetana. O le tulaga o le aʻai i le va o laufanua laugatasi o Kasakisitana, vanu lafulemu o Asia Tutotonu ma ala i mauga o Tian Shan na avea ai Simikeneta ma nofoaga tāua mo fefaatauaʻiga ma femalagaaʻiga talu mai aso anamua. E tafe le vaitafe o Badam i le itu i saute o le aʻai. I le ogatotonu o Simikeneta e puna aʻe ai le vaitafe laʻitiiti o Koshkarata mai vaipuna i lalo o le eleele. Ua faaleleia ona auvai e avea ma nofoaga e mālōlō ai, ma paka, ala savali ma malae taʻaloga. I le itu i saute ma le itu i saute sasaʻe o le aʻai o loo iai auvae o atumauga o Kazygurt, Karzhantau ma Ugam. O nei atumauga o ni vaega o le Tian Shan i Sisifo. === Tau === E iai i Simikeneta se tau faakontineta, ae o loo iai foʻi ni vaega e tai pei o le tau o le Metitirani. E umi, vevela ma matutu le tau māfanafana, ae e puupuu ma agamalu le taumālūlū pe a faatusatusa i vaega i mātū o Kasakisitana. E tusa ma le 13 °C le averesi o le vevela i le tausaga. O Iulai le masina e sili ona vevela, ma e tusa ma le 26 °C lona averesi. O Ianuari le masina e sili ona mālūlū, ma e tusa ma le −1 °C lona averesi. I le tau māfanafana, e mafai ona sili atu le vevela i le 40 °C. I taimi e matuā mālūlū ai le taumālūlū, e mafai ona paʻū ifo le vevela i lalo o le −20 °C. E tusa ma le 570–600 milimita le aofaʻi o timuga i le tausaga. O le tele o timuga e paʻū i le tau e totogo ai laau ma le tau e toulu ai lau, ae e masani ona matuā matutu le tau māfanafana.<ref>[http://www.pogodaiklimat.ru/climate/38328.htm Faamaumauga o le tau i Simikeneta], Pogoda i klimat.</ref> == Tala faasolopito == === Aso anamua ma le Vaitausaga Tutotonu === Ua faaalia i suʻesuʻega o mea anamua sa iai nofoaga na nonofo ai tagata i le teritori o Simikeneta i le senituri lona tolu po o le lona lua a o leʻi oo i le T.A. O ipu ʻele ma isi mea na maua e tutusa ma mea na maua i Afrasiab, le nofoaga tuai e latalata i Samalikaneda.<ref name="history">Е. В. Баранчиков, “Шымкент”, ''Большая российская энциклопедия'', Tusi 35, Moscow, 2017, itu. 165–166.</ref> O le faamatalaga tusitusia pito i leva ua iloa e faatatau i Simikeneta o loo iai i le tusi faasolopito Peresia o le ''Zafarnama'', po o le “Tusi o Manumalo”, na faamaeʻaina e le tusitala o talafaasolopito o Sharaf ad-Din Ali Yazdi i le 1425. A o faamatala le osofaʻiga a Timuli i Mogulisitana, na taʻua e le tusitala se nofoaga e igoa ia Chimkent po o Chamankent e latalata i Sayram, i le tala e faatatau i mea na tutupu i le 1365–1366.<ref name="history"/> Na ola aʻe le aʻai i se tasi o lālā o le [[Ala Silika]], i le mea na fesootaʻi ai auala fefaatauaʻi mai Tasikeneta, Sayram ma Tulikisitana ma auala agaʻi atu i laufanua o Kasakisitana, Siberia ma itulagi i mātū. I le amataga o le senituri lona 16, na avea ai le itulagi ma vaega o le [[Malo Khan o Kasaka]]. I senituri lona 17 ma le 18, na osofaʻia soo le aʻai ma ona siʻosiʻomaga e tagata Dzungar. I le faaiʻuga o le senituri lona 18 ma le afa muamua o le senituri lona 19, na tauva ai le Malo Khan o Bukhara ma le Malo Khan o Kokand mo le pule i Simikeneta. I le 1810, na avea le aʻai ma vaega o le Malo Khan o Kokand ma avea ai ma ʻolo tāua i le tuaoi. === Vaitaimi o le Malo o Rusia === I le 1864, na pulea ai e ʻautau a le [[Malo o Rusia]], i lalo o le taʻitaʻiga a Mikhail Chernyayev, le ʻolo o Simikeneta. Mulimuli ane, na tuufaatasia le aʻai i le Itulagi o Syr Darya o le Malo o Rusia ma avea ma nofoaga autū tau pulega o le itumalo o Chimkent. I le vaitaimi o pulega a Rusia, na faateleina ai fefaatauaʻiga ma Tasikeneta, Tulikisitana ma laufanua o tagata Kasaka. O le fausia o le auala nofoaafi Orenburg–Tasikeneta i le amataga o le senituri lona 20 na vave ai le tuputupu aʻe o le tamaoaiga ma le faitau aofaʻi. I le 1914, na toe faaigoaina le aʻai o Chernyayev. Na toe faafoʻi le igoa Chimkent i le 1924. === Vaitaimi o le Soviet === I tausaga o le 1930, na avea Chimkent ma se tasi o nofoaga autū o alamanuia i le itu i saute o le [[Iuni Soviet]]. Na amata galue le falegaosimea o le taʻitaʻi i Chimkent i le 1934. Mulimuli ane na avea ma se tasi o falegaosimea sili ona telē a le Soviet mo uʻamea e lē o iai le uʻamea autū. Na atiaʻe foʻi le gaosiga o vailaʻau, fualaau faafomaʻi, meaʻai, ʻie, masini ma mea faufale. I le taimi o le [[Taua Lona Lua a le Lalolagi]], na siitia ai falegaosimea e 17 mai vaega i sisifo o le Iuni Soviet i Chimkent. Na gaosia e falegaosimea o le aʻai le taʻitaʻi, fualaau faafomaʻi, meaʻai, suāuu faatekinolosi ma isi oloa mo le ʻautau. Na faaauau le atinaʻeina o alamanuia ina ua maeʻa le taua. Na fausia pitonuu fou, aʻoga, falemaʻi ma nofoaga faaleaganuu. Na siitia le faitau aofaʻi mai le silia i le 74,000 i le 1939 i le silia i le 390,000 i le 1989. === Kasakisitana tutoʻatasi === Ina ua tutoʻatasi Kasakisitana, na aloaʻia ai le igoa '''Simikeneta''' i le aso 8 Setema 1992. I le 2014, na tuufaatasia ai ma le aʻai nisi o nuu ma nofoaga sa iai i itumalo tuaoi. O lenei suiga na matuā faateleina ai le teritori ma le faitau aofaʻi o Simikeneta. I le aso 19 Iuni 2018, na vavae ese ai Simikeneta mai le Itulagi o Kasakisitana i Saute ma maua ai le tulaga o se aʻai e tāua i le tulaga faale-republika.<ref name="status2018"/> I le tausaga lava lea na sili atu ai lona faitau aofaʻi aloaʻia i le miliona. I le 2022, na faavaeina ai Turan e avea ma itumalo tau pulega lona lima o Simikeneta. == Pulega == E tutusa le tulaga tau pulega o Simikeneta ma se itulagi o Kasakisitana. E lē i lalo o le pulega a le Itulagi o Tulikisitana, ae e iai lona lava vaega faatino o le malo, ua taʻua o le '''akimat'''. O le taʻitaʻi o le aʻai e taʻua o le '''akim'''. Talu mai le aso 5 Setema 2023, o Gabit Abdimazhitovich Syzdykbekov le akim o Simikeneta.<ref name="akim">[https://www.gov.kz/memleket/entities/Shymkent/about/structure/people/37043 Gabit Abdimazhitovich Syzdykbekov, Akim o Simikeneta], upega tafaʻilagi aloaʻia a le Malo o Kasakisitana.</ref> Ua vaevaeina Simikeneta i itumalo tau pulega e lima:<ref name="districts">[https://www.gov.kz/memleket/entities/Simikeneta?lang=en Akimat of Simikeneta city], Malo o Kasakisitana.</ref> '''Itumalo o Abay'''; '''Itumalo o Al-Farabi'''; '''Itumalo o Enbekshi'''; '''Itumalo o Karatau'''; '''Itumalo o Turan'''. Na faavaeina le Itumalo o Karatau i le 2014, ma le Itumalo o Turan i le 2022. O le maslikhat a le aʻai o le faalapotopotoga filifilia lea e iloilo le paketi, fuafuaga tau atinaʻe, polokalame lautele ma isi mataupu faalotoifale. == Faitau aofaʻi == Na vave le siitia o le faitau aofaʻi o Simikeneta i le senituri lona 20 ma le amataga o le senituri lona 21. E tusa ai ma le tusigaigoa a le Malo o Rusia i le 1897, e 11,194 tagata na nonofo i le aʻai. Na sili atu le faitau aofaʻi i le 74,000 i le 1939, e tusa ma le 247,000 i le 1970, ma sili atu i le 390,000 i le 1989. O le malaga mai o tagata mai nuu i tua, le tuputupu aʻe masani o le faitau aofaʻi ma le faalauteleina o tuaoi o le aʻai na fesoasoani i lenei siitaga. I le 2018, na sili atu ai le faitau aofaʻi aloaʻia i le miliona. I le aso 1 Iuni 2026, e 1,308,120 tagata na nonofo i Simikeneta.<ref name="population2026"/> O Simikeneta o se aʻai e tele ituaiga tagata. O tagata Kasaka o le vaega pito sili lea o le faitau aofaʻi. E toʻatele foʻi tagata Usepeka ma tagata Rusia. E nonofo ai foʻi tagata Aserpaijani, Tatara, Take, Korea, Kurda, Ukaraina ma isi ituaiga. O le gagana Kasaka o le gagana aloaʻia a le malo. E faaaogā lautele le gagana Rusia i ofisa o le malo ma pulega faalotoifale. E tāua foʻi le gagana Usepeka i le olaga faaleaiga, aganuu ma fefaatauaʻiga o nisi o tagata o le aʻai. == Tamaoaiga == O Simikeneta o se tasi o nofoaga autū o le tamaoaiga i le itu i saute o Kasakisitana. O vaega tāua o le tamaoaiga e aofia ai: le faamamāina o le suāuu; alamanuia o vailaʻau ma fualaau faafomaʻi; le gaosiga o uʻamea lanu; le gaosiga o masini; alamanuia o meaʻai; le gaosiga o ʻie ma lavalava; le gaosiga o simā ma mea faufale; fefaatauaʻiga, felauaiga ma le faatulagaina o uta. O nisi o kamupani tetele o le aʻai o le fale faamamā suāuu ''PetroKazakhstan Oil Products'', le kamupani o fualaau faafomaʻi ''Khimpharm'' ma le falegaosimea simā ''Simikenetacement''. O loo iai i le aʻai le sone tau tamaoaiga faapitoa o '''Ontustik''', lea e taulaʻi faapitoa i le gaosiga o ʻie. O loo iai foʻi sone alamanuia o Tassay ma Badam, faapea le nofoaga autū o fefaatauaʻiga ma uta o Ontustik. I le 2025, na oo atu le oloa faaitulagi atoa o Simikeneta i le tusa ma le 5.7 tiliona tenge, ma na siitia moni le tamaoaiga i le tusa ma le 11 pasene.<ref>[https://qazinform.com/news/Simikenetas-grp-grows-11-to-kzt-57-trillion-mayor-reports-e2e83f ''Simikeneta's GRP grows 11% to KZT 5.7 trillion''], Qazinform, 11 Iuni 2026.</ref> Mai Ianuari seʻia oo i Me 2026, na oo atu le tau o oloa alamanuia i le tusa ma le 666.8 piliona tenge.<ref>[https://stat.gov.kz/en/region/Shymkent/ Faailoga tau tamaoaiga ma agafesootai o Simikeneta], Ofisa o Fuainumera Faamauina a Kasakisitana, 2026.</ref> O le vave o le tuputupu aʻe o le faitau aofaʻi ua mafua ai le fausia o fale, aʻoga, falemaʻi, auala, paipa vai, laina eletise ma alavai fou. == Felauaiga == O Simikeneta o se nofoaga tāua o felauaiga i le va o Kasakisitana, Usipekitana ma isi vaega o Asia Tutotonu. === Auala nofoaafi === E tū le aʻai i le auala nofoaafi tuai o Orenburg–Tasikeneta. E iai nofoaafi tuusaʻo mai Simikeneta i Alamatea, Asetana, Taraz, Tulikisitana, Kyzylorda, Tasikeneta ma isi aʻai. Na toe fausia ma faalautele le nofoaga o nofoaafi i Simikeneta i le 2023–2024. Na siitia lona gafatia mai le tusa ma le 2,000 i le 6,000 tagata femalagaaʻi i le aso.<ref name="railway">[https://www.gov.kz/memleket/entities/Simikeneta-zhol-kolik/press/news/details/1085845?lang=ru Toe fausia o le nofoaga o nofoaafi i Simikeneta], Matagaluega o Felauaiga a Simikeneta.</ref> O le nofoaga fou e iai potu faatalitali, ofisa e faatau ai pepa malaga, nofoaga faafomaʻi, potu mo mātua ma fanau, faapea nofoaga ua saunia mo tagata e iai manaoga faapitoa. === Malae vaalele === O le '''Malae Vaalele Faavaomalo o Simikeneta''' e faatautaia malaga i totonu o le atunuu ma malaga faavaomalo. Na tatala le fale fou mo tagata femalagaaʻi i le aso 25 Tesema 2024. E tusa ma le 40,000 m² lona telē ma na faatupeina lona fausiaina e le kamupani vaalele tumaoti o ''SCAT''.<ref name="airport">[https://www.gov.kz/memleket/entities/transport/press/news/details/1004307?lang=ru Le nofoaga fou o femalagaaʻiga i le Malae Vaalele o Simikeneta], Matagaluega o Felauaiga a Kasakisitana.</ref> Na aofia i le galuega le toe faaleleia o nofoaga e tū ai vaalele, auala e feoaʻi ai vaalele ma le malae i luma o le fale. E mafai e le fale fou ona tautua le tusa ma le 2,000 tagata i le itula. === Felauaiga i totonu o le aʻai === O pasi o le auala autū o felauaiga lautele. E fesootaʻi le upega o auala pasi ma itumalo tau pulega e lima, pitonuu i tua ma nuu sa mulimuli ane tuufaatasia ma le aʻai. Mai le 1969 seʻia oo i le 2005, sa iai i Simikeneta se faiga o pasi eletise e fesootaʻi i uaea. Na faamutaina ona ua tuai ma faaleagaina uaea eletise ma taavale. O auala tetele e fesootaʻi ai Simikeneta ma Tasikeneta, Tulikisitana, Taraz, Alamatea ma nofoaga e sopoʻia ai le tuaoi i le va o Kasakisitana ma Usipekitana. == Aganuu ma aʻoaʻoga == O Simikeneta o se tasi o nofoaga autū o aganuu i le itu i saute o Kasakisitana. E iloa le eseese o ituaiga o tagata o le aʻai i ana faalapotopotoga Kasaka, Rusia, Usepeka ma isi faalapotopotoga faaleaganuu. O nofoaga tāua o aganuu e aofia ai: le Simikeneta Philharmonic, ua faaigoaina i le fatupese o Shämşi Qaldaiaqov; le Fale Mataaga o Tala Faatino a Rusia; le Fale Mataaga o Tala Faatino a Usepeka; le Fale Mataaga o le Opera ma le Palei; le Falemataaga o le Aʻai o Simikeneta; le Nofoaga Autū mo Tu ma Aganuu; le Sākosi o Simikeneta. I le 2020, na avea Simikeneta ma laumua o aganuu a le Taupulega o Malo Tutoʻatasi. Ona o le [[faamaʻi pipisi o le COVID-19]], na faia ai i luga o le initaneti nisi o koneseti, tausamiga, faaaliga ma fonotaga sa fuafuaina.<ref name="culture2020"/> O aʻoga maualuluga tāua o le aʻai e aofia ai: le Iunivesite o Kasakisitana i Saute ua faaigoaina ia Mukhtar Auezov; le Iunivesite Faafaiaʻoga o Kasakisitana i Saute ua faaigoaina ia Özbekäli Zhanibekov; le Akademi Faafomaʻi o Kasakisitana i Saute; le Iunivesite o Simikeneta; le Iunivesite o Miras. == Nofoaga iloga == === Le aʻai tuai ma le ʻolo === E tū le vaega tuai o Simikeneta i le ogatotonu faasolopito o le aʻai i aso nei. Sa vaevaeina masani i ni vaega autū se tolu: le ʻolo puipuia; le vaega i totonu o le aʻai, e taʻua o le ''shahristan''; pitonuu i fafo o tufuga ma tagata faipisinisi, e taʻua o le ''rabad''. O le ʻolo o le vaega lea sa sili ona puipuia. Sa iai i totonu le maota o le pule, fale o le ʻautau ma ofisa tau pulega. I aso nei, o le nofoaga o se vaega o suʻesuʻega o mea anamua ma se falemataaga i fafo.<ref>[https://oq.gov.kz/ru/abai/Simikeneta-qalashyghy Le aʻai tuai o Simikeneta], upega tafaʻilagi o measina faaleaganuu a Kasakisitana.</ref> O isi nofoaga iloga i Simikeneta e aofia ai: le Lotoa o Ordabasy ma le maa faamanatu o '''Zher-Ana'''; le Paka o le Tutoʻatasi; le Paka o Abay; le togalaau o laau a Asanbay Askarov; le togalaau o manu o Simikeneta; le ala savali i autafa o le vaitafe o Koshkarata; le Arbat o Simikeneta, o se auala savali e iai faleoloa ma nofoaga faaleaganuu; le Paka o Ken Baba; le maa faamanatu o Baidibek Bi; le ala o Shämşi Qaldaiaqov; le faletapuai o Koshkar-Ata; le Falemataaga o Tagata na Aafia i Sauāga Faapolokiki. I nofoaga e latalata i le aʻai o loo iai le nofoaga faasolopito o Sayram, le nofoaga faasao faalenatura o [[Aksu-Zhabagly]], le vanu loloto o Aksu ma vaega mauga o Sayram-Ugam ma Kazygurt. == Taʻaloga == O taʻaloga taatele i Simikeneta o le lakapi soka, fusuaga, piiga, afeleti, faamalositino, aau ma le tenisi. O le kalapu lakapi soka a alii e sili ona tāua o le '''[[FK Ordabasy]]''', lea e taalo i le liki maualuga a Kasakisitana. E faia ana taaloga i le Maota Taʻaloga Tutotonu o Qajymuqan Muñaitpasov. Ua manumalo Ordabasy i le siamupini ma le Ipu a Kasakisitana. O Simikeneta foʻi o le nofoaga o le kalapu lakapi soka a tamaitai o le '''[[BIIK Kazygurt]]''', o se tasi o kalapu a tamaitai ua sili ona manuia i Kasakisitana ma ua auai soo i tauvaga a kalapu i Europa.<ref>[https://www.uefa.com/womenschampionsleague/history/clubs/2600830--biik-Simikeneta/ ''BIIK-Simikeneta''], UEFA.</ref> E iai i le aʻai nofoaga e toleni ai tagata mo Taaloga Olimipeka, malae taʻaloga, fale faamalositino, vaitaele ma nofoaga tenisi. O tagata taʻalo na fananau pe aʻoaʻoina i Simikeneta ua fai ma sui o Kasakisitana i Taaloga Olimipeka, siamupini o le lalolagi ma Taaloga a Asia. == Tagaʻi foʻi == * [[Kasakisitana]] == Faamatalaga == <references/> == Soʻoga i fafo == [https://www.gov.kz/memleket/entities/Simikeneta Upega tafaʻilagi aloaʻia a le Pulega o Simikeneta] [https://stat.gov.kz/en/region/Shymkent/ Faamaumauga aloaʻia o Simikeneta] [https://visit-Simikeneta.com/ Upega tafaʻilagi o tagata tafafao maimoa i Simikeneta] [[Category:Kasakisitana]] [[Category:Asia]] 02ezmlj5fe4vnnqoeow2bq3fnbgs911 48421 48419 2026-07-12T19:08:38Z Vyacheslav Nasretdinov 5122 /* Faafanua */ 48421 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Shymkent independence square in 2023.jpg|thumb|Sikuea o Oratapasi - Ordabassy Square]] [[File:Independence-Park-Shymkent-Kazakhstan.jpg|thumb|Paka o le Tutoʻatasi - Independence Park]] [[File:Citadel-Shymkent-Kazakhstan.jpg|thumb|Olo o Simikeneta - Citadel of Shymkent]] [[File:Tulip-Fountain-Shymkent-Kazakhstan.jpg|thumb|Vaipuna o le Tulipe - Tulip Fountain]] [[File:Aerial View of Shymkent.jpg|thumb|Vaaiga mai le ea o Simikeneta - Aerial View of Shymkent]] '''Simikeneta''' (i le [[Fa'akasaka]]: '''Шымкент'''; i le alafapeta Latina: ''Şymkent''; na taʻua o '''Chernyayev''' mai le 1914 seʻia oo i le 1924; ma na tusia aloaʻia i le gagana Rusia o '''Chimkent''' seʻia oo i le 1992) o se aʻai telē i le itu i saute o [[Kasakisitana]], e lē mamao mai le tuaoi ma [[Usipekitana]]. O Simikeneta o se tasi o aʻai e tolu o Kasakisitana ua iai le tulaga faapitoa o se '''aʻai e tāua i le tulaga faale-republika''', faatasi ma [[Asetana]] ma [[Alamatea]]. O lona uiga o Simikeneta o se vaega tau pulega tutoʻatasi e tutusa lona tulaga ma itulagi o le atunuu. E lē aofia le aʻai i le Itulagi o [[Tulikisitana]] (Turkistan), e ui e siʻomia lona teritori e lea itulagi. I le aso 1 Iuni 2026, e 1,308,120 tagata na nonofo i Simikeneta.<ref name="population2026">[https://stat.gov.kz/en/region/ ''Population of the regions of the Republic of Kazakhstan as of June 1, 2026''], Ofisa o Fuainumera Faamauina a Kasakisitana. Na maua i le 11 Iulai 2026.</ref> O le aʻai lona tolu lea o Kasakisitana i le toʻatele o tagata, pe a mavae Alamatea ma Asetana. O se tasi foʻi o nofoaga autū o le atunuu mo alamanuia, fefaatauaʻiga, felauaiga, aʻoaʻoga ma aganuʻu. Seʻia oo i le aso 19 Iuni 2018, sa avea Simikeneta ma laumua tau pulega o le Itulagi o Kasakisitana i Saute. I lenā aso, na aveese ai le aʻai mai le itulagi ma tuuina atu i ai le tulaga o se aʻai e tāua i le tulaga faale-republika. Na toe faaigoaina le Itulagi o Kasakisitana i Saute o le Itulagi o Tulikisitana, ma na siitia lona nofoaga autū tau pulega i le aʻai o [[Tulikisitana]].<ref name="status2018">[https://www.akorda.kz/ru/legal_acts/decrees/o-nekotoryh-voprosah-administrativno-territorialnogo-ustroistva-respubliki-kazahstan Poloaʻiga a le Peresitene o Kasakisitana e faatatau i le faatulagaga tau pulega ma teritori], 19 Iuni 2018.</ref> I le 2020, na filifilia ai Simikeneta e avea ma laumua o aganuʻu a le [[Taupulega o Malo Tutoʻatasi]].<ref name="culture2020">[https://www.gov.kz/memleket/entities/Shymkent/press/news/details/119117?lang=ru Simikeneta o le laumua o aganuʻu a le Taupulega o Malo Tutoʻatasi], Pulega o Simikeneta, 2020.</ref> == Igoa == E masani ona faamatalaina le igoa '''Simikeneta''' (Şymkent) o se tuufaatasiga o ni vaega se lua. O le vaega lona lua, '''kent''' po o '''kand''', e tupuga mai i gagana Iranī anamua ma le gagana Sogdiana. O lona uiga o le “aʻai”, “nuu”, “nofoaga ua ainā” po o le “nofoaga o tagata”. E maua lenei vaega i igoa o le tele o aʻai i [[Asia Tutotonu]], e aofia ai [[Tasikeneta]] (Tashkent) ma [[Samalikaneda]] (Samarkand). O le vaega muamua, '''shym''' po o '''chim''', e fesootaʻi ma upu e faasino i le mutia, laufanua lanumeamata, fanua e fafaga ai manu po o se vanu ua tumu i laau ma fugālaau. O le mea lea, e mafai ona faamatalaina le igoa o le aʻai o le “aʻai i laufanua mutia”, le “aʻai lanumeamata” po o le “aʻai i le vanu lauolaola”.<ref>Э. М. Мурзаев, ''Словарь народных географических терминов''. Moscow: Мысль, 1984.</ref> I faamaumauga tuai, e eseese auala na tusia ai le igoa o le aʻai, e aofia ai ''Chimkent'', ''Chimkand'', ''Chimket'', ''Chamankent'' ma ''Simikeneta''. I le 1914, ina ua atoa le 50 tausaga talu ona pulea e ʻautau a le Malo o Rusia le ʻolo o le aʻai, na toe faaigoaina ai o '''Chernyayev''', e faamamalu ai le taʻitaʻiʻau Rusia o Mikhail Chernyayev. Na toe faafoʻi le igoa Chimkent i le 1924. Ina ua tutoʻatasi Kasakisitana, na suia i le aso 8 Setema 1992 le sipelaga aloaʻia i le gagana Rusia mai le ''Чимкент'' i le ''Шымкент'', ina ia latalata atili i le faaleoga Kasaka. == Faafanua == E tū Simikeneta i le itu i saute o Kasakisitana, e latalata i le tuaoi ma Usipekitana, i le vaega i sisifo o auvae mauga o le [[Tian Shan]]. E tusa ma le 506 mita le maualuga o le ogatotonu o le aʻai i luga aʻe o le sami. E tusa ma le 1,163 km² le lautele o lona teritori tau pulega.<ref>[https://stat.gov.kz/api/iblock/element/223884/file/en/ ''Demographic Yearbook of Kazakhstan''], Ofisa o Fuainumera Faamauina a Kasakisitana.</ref> E tusa le mamao o Simikeneta ma: le 120 km i le itu i mātū o Tasikeneta, le laumua o Usipekitana; le 150 km i le itu i saute o Tulikisitana; le 690 km i le itu i sisifo o Alamatea; le 1,480 km i le itu i saute o Asetana. O le tulaga o le aʻai i le va o laufanua laugatasi o Kasakisitana, vanu lafulemu o Asia Tutotonu ma ala i mauga o Tian Shan na avea ai Simikeneta ma nofoaga tāua mo fefaatauaʻiga ma femalagaaʻiga talu mai aso anamua. E tafe le vaitafe o Badam i le itu i saute o le aʻai. I le ogatotonu o Simikeneta e puna aʻe ai le vaitafe laʻitiiti o Koshkarata mai vaipuna i lalo o le eleele. Ua faaleleia ona auvai e avea ma nofoaga e mālōlō ai, ma paka, ala savali ma malae taʻaloga. I le itu i saute ma le itu i saute sasaʻe o le aʻai o loo iai auvae o atumauga o Kazygurt, Karzhantau ma Ugam. O nei atumauga o ni vaega o le Tian Shan i Sisifo. === Tau === E iai i Simikeneta se tau faakontineta, ae o loo iai foʻi ni vaega e tai pei o le tau o le Metitirani. E umi, vevela ma matutu le tau māfanafana, ae e puupuu ma agamalu le taumālūlū pe a faatusatusa i vaega i mātū o Kasakisitana. E tusa ma le 13 °C le averesi o le vevela i le tausaga. O Iulai le masina e sili ona vevela, ma e tusa ma le 26 °C lona averesi. O Ianuari le masina e sili ona mālūlū, ma e tusa ma le −1 °C lona averesi. I le tau māfanafana, e mafai ona sili atu le vevela i le 40 °C. I taimi e matuā mālūlū ai le taumālūlū, e mafai ona paʻū ifo le vevela i lalo o le −20 °C. E tusa ma le 570–600 milimita le aofaʻi o timuga i le tausaga. O le tele o timuga e paʻū i le tau e totogo ai laau ma le tau e toulu ai lau, ae e masani ona matuā matutu le tau māfanafana.<ref>[http://www.pogodaiklimat.ru/climate/38328.htm Faamaumauga o le tau i Simikeneta], Pogoda i klimat.</ref> == Tala faasolopito == === Aso anamua ma le Vaitausaga Tutotonu === Ua faaalia i suʻesuʻega o mea anamua sa iai nofoaga na nonofo ai tagata i le teritori o Simikeneta i le senituri lona tolu po o le lona lua a o leʻi oo i le T.A. O ipu ʻele ma isi mea na maua e tutusa ma mea na maua i Afrasiab, le nofoaga tuai e latalata i Samalikaneda.<ref name="history">Е. В. Баранчиков, “Шымкент”, ''Большая российская энциклопедия'', Tusi 35, Moscow, 2017, itu. 165–166.</ref> O le faamatalaga tusitusia pito i leva ua iloa e faatatau i Simikeneta o loo iai i le tusi faasolopito Peresia o le ''Zafarnama'', po o le “Tusi o Manumalo”, na faamaeʻaina e le tusitala o talafaasolopito o Sharaf ad-Din Ali Yazdi i le 1425. A o faamatala le osofaʻiga a Timuli i Mogulisitana, na taʻua e le tusitala se nofoaga e igoa ia Chimkent po o Chamankent e latalata i Sayram, i le tala e faatatau i mea na tutupu i le 1365–1366.<ref name="history"/> Na ola aʻe le aʻai i se tasi o lālā o le [[Ala Silika]], i le mea na fesootaʻi ai auala fefaatauaʻi mai Tasikeneta, Sayram ma Tulikisitana ma auala agaʻi atu i laufanua o Kasakisitana, Siberia ma itulagi i mātū. I le amataga o le senituri lona 16, na avea ai le itulagi ma vaega o le [[Malo Khan o Kasaka]]. I senituri lona 17 ma le 18, na osofaʻia soo le aʻai ma ona siʻosiʻomaga e tagata Dzungar. I le faaiʻuga o le senituri lona 18 ma le afa muamua o le senituri lona 19, na tauva ai le Malo Khan o Bukhara ma le Malo Khan o Kokand mo le pule i Simikeneta. I le 1810, na avea le aʻai ma vaega o le Malo Khan o Kokand ma avea ai ma ʻolo tāua i le tuaoi. === Vaitaimi o le Malo o Rusia === I le 1864, na pulea ai e ʻautau a le [[Malo o Rusia]], i lalo o le taʻitaʻiga a Mikhail Chernyayev, le ʻolo o Simikeneta. Mulimuli ane, na tuufaatasia le aʻai i le Itulagi o Syr Darya o le Malo o Rusia ma avea ma nofoaga autū tau pulega o le itumalo o Chimkent. I le vaitaimi o pulega a Rusia, na faateleina ai fefaatauaʻiga ma Tasikeneta, Tulikisitana ma laufanua o tagata Kasaka. O le fausia o le auala nofoaafi Orenburg–Tasikeneta i le amataga o le senituri lona 20 na vave ai le tuputupu aʻe o le tamaoaiga ma le faitau aofaʻi. I le 1914, na toe faaigoaina le aʻai o Chernyayev. Na toe faafoʻi le igoa Chimkent i le 1924. === Vaitaimi o le Soviet === I tausaga o le 1930, na avea Chimkent ma se tasi o nofoaga autū o alamanuia i le itu i saute o le [[Iuni Soviet]]. Na amata galue le falegaosimea o le taʻitaʻi i Chimkent i le 1934. Mulimuli ane na avea ma se tasi o falegaosimea sili ona telē a le Soviet mo uʻamea e lē o iai le uʻamea autū. Na atiaʻe foʻi le gaosiga o vailaʻau, fualaau faafomaʻi, meaʻai, ʻie, masini ma mea faufale. I le taimi o le [[Taua Lona Lua a le Lalolagi]], na siitia ai falegaosimea e 17 mai vaega i sisifo o le Iuni Soviet i Chimkent. Na gaosia e falegaosimea o le aʻai le taʻitaʻi, fualaau faafomaʻi, meaʻai, suāuu faatekinolosi ma isi oloa mo le ʻautau. Na faaauau le atinaʻeina o alamanuia ina ua maeʻa le taua. Na fausia pitonuu fou, aʻoga, falemaʻi ma nofoaga faaleaganuu. Na siitia le faitau aofaʻi mai le silia i le 74,000 i le 1939 i le silia i le 390,000 i le 1989. === Kasakisitana tutoʻatasi === Ina ua tutoʻatasi Kasakisitana, na aloaʻia ai le igoa '''Simikeneta''' i le aso 8 Setema 1992. I le 2014, na tuufaatasia ai ma le aʻai nisi o nuu ma nofoaga sa iai i itumalo tuaoi. O lenei suiga na matuā faateleina ai le teritori ma le faitau aofaʻi o Simikeneta. I le aso 19 Iuni 2018, na vavae ese ai Simikeneta mai le Itulagi o Kasakisitana i Saute ma maua ai le tulaga o se aʻai e tāua i le tulaga faale-republika.<ref name="status2018"/> I le tausaga lava lea na sili atu ai lona faitau aofaʻi aloaʻia i le miliona. I le 2022, na faavaeina ai Turan e avea ma itumalo tau pulega lona lima o Simikeneta. == Pulega == E tutusa le tulaga tau pulega o Simikeneta ma se itulagi o Kasakisitana. E lē i lalo o le pulega a le Itulagi o Tulikisitana, ae e iai lona lava vaega faatino o le malo, ua taʻua o le '''akimat'''. O le taʻitaʻi o le aʻai e taʻua o le '''akim'''. Talu mai le aso 5 Setema 2023, o Gabit Abdimazhitovich Syzdykbekov le akim o Simikeneta.<ref name="akim">[https://www.gov.kz/memleket/entities/Shymkent/about/structure/people/37043 Gabit Abdimazhitovich Syzdykbekov, Akim o Simikeneta], upega tafaʻilagi aloaʻia a le Malo o Kasakisitana.</ref> Ua vaevaeina Simikeneta i itumalo tau pulega e lima:<ref name="districts">[https://www.gov.kz/memleket/entities/Simikeneta?lang=en Akimat of Simikeneta city], Malo o Kasakisitana.</ref> '''Itumalo o Abay'''; '''Itumalo o Al-Farabi'''; '''Itumalo o Enbekshi'''; '''Itumalo o Karatau'''; '''Itumalo o Turan'''. Na faavaeina le Itumalo o Karatau i le 2014, ma le Itumalo o Turan i le 2022. O le maslikhat a le aʻai o le faalapotopotoga filifilia lea e iloilo le paketi, fuafuaga tau atinaʻe, polokalame lautele ma isi mataupu faalotoifale. == Faitau aofaʻi == Na vave le siitia o le faitau aofaʻi o Simikeneta i le senituri lona 20 ma le amataga o le senituri lona 21. E tusa ai ma le tusigaigoa a le Malo o Rusia i le 1897, e 11,194 tagata na nonofo i le aʻai. Na sili atu le faitau aofaʻi i le 74,000 i le 1939, e tusa ma le 247,000 i le 1970, ma sili atu i le 390,000 i le 1989. O le malaga mai o tagata mai nuu i tua, le tuputupu aʻe masani o le faitau aofaʻi ma le faalauteleina o tuaoi o le aʻai na fesoasoani i lenei siitaga. I le 2018, na sili atu ai le faitau aofaʻi aloaʻia i le miliona. I le aso 1 Iuni 2026, e 1,308,120 tagata na nonofo i Simikeneta.<ref name="population2026"/> O Simikeneta o se aʻai e tele ituaiga tagata. O tagata Kasaka o le vaega pito sili lea o le faitau aofaʻi. E toʻatele foʻi tagata Usepeka ma tagata Rusia. E nonofo ai foʻi tagata Aserpaijani, Tatara, Take, Korea, Kurda, Ukaraina ma isi ituaiga. O le gagana Kasaka o le gagana aloaʻia a le malo. E faaaogā lautele le gagana Rusia i ofisa o le malo ma pulega faalotoifale. E tāua foʻi le gagana Usepeka i le olaga faaleaiga, aganuu ma fefaatauaʻiga o nisi o tagata o le aʻai. == Tamaoaiga == O Simikeneta o se tasi o nofoaga autū o le tamaoaiga i le itu i saute o Kasakisitana. O vaega tāua o le tamaoaiga e aofia ai: le faamamāina o le suāuu; alamanuia o vailaʻau ma fualaau faafomaʻi; le gaosiga o uʻamea lanu; le gaosiga o masini; alamanuia o meaʻai; le gaosiga o ʻie ma lavalava; le gaosiga o simā ma mea faufale; fefaatauaʻiga, felauaiga ma le faatulagaina o uta. O nisi o kamupani tetele o le aʻai o le fale faamamā suāuu ''PetroKazakhstan Oil Products'', le kamupani o fualaau faafomaʻi ''Khimpharm'' ma le falegaosimea simā ''Simikenetacement''. O loo iai i le aʻai le sone tau tamaoaiga faapitoa o '''Ontustik''', lea e taulaʻi faapitoa i le gaosiga o ʻie. O loo iai foʻi sone alamanuia o Tassay ma Badam, faapea le nofoaga autū o fefaatauaʻiga ma uta o Ontustik. I le 2025, na oo atu le oloa faaitulagi atoa o Simikeneta i le tusa ma le 5.7 tiliona tenge, ma na siitia moni le tamaoaiga i le tusa ma le 11 pasene.<ref>[https://qazinform.com/news/Simikenetas-grp-grows-11-to-kzt-57-trillion-mayor-reports-e2e83f ''Simikeneta's GRP grows 11% to KZT 5.7 trillion''], Qazinform, 11 Iuni 2026.</ref> Mai Ianuari seʻia oo i Me 2026, na oo atu le tau o oloa alamanuia i le tusa ma le 666.8 piliona tenge.<ref>[https://stat.gov.kz/en/region/Shymkent/ Faailoga tau tamaoaiga ma agafesootai o Simikeneta], Ofisa o Fuainumera Faamauina a Kasakisitana, 2026.</ref> O le vave o le tuputupu aʻe o le faitau aofaʻi ua mafua ai le fausia o fale, aʻoga, falemaʻi, auala, paipa vai, laina eletise ma alavai fou. == Felauaiga == O Simikeneta o se nofoaga tāua o felauaiga i le va o Kasakisitana, Usipekitana ma isi vaega o Asia Tutotonu. === Auala nofoaafi === E tū le aʻai i le auala nofoaafi tuai o Orenburg–Tasikeneta. E iai nofoaafi tuusaʻo mai Simikeneta i Alamatea, Asetana, Taraz, Tulikisitana, Kyzylorda, Tasikeneta ma isi aʻai. Na toe fausia ma faalautele le nofoaga o nofoaafi i Simikeneta i le 2023–2024. Na siitia lona gafatia mai le tusa ma le 2,000 i le 6,000 tagata femalagaaʻi i le aso.<ref name="railway">[https://www.gov.kz/memleket/entities/Simikeneta-zhol-kolik/press/news/details/1085845?lang=ru Toe fausia o le nofoaga o nofoaafi i Simikeneta], Matagaluega o Felauaiga a Simikeneta.</ref> O le nofoaga fou e iai potu faatalitali, ofisa e faatau ai pepa malaga, nofoaga faafomaʻi, potu mo mātua ma fanau, faapea nofoaga ua saunia mo tagata e iai manaoga faapitoa. === Malae vaalele === O le '''Malae Vaalele Faavaomalo o Simikeneta''' e faatautaia malaga i totonu o le atunuu ma malaga faavaomalo. Na tatala le fale fou mo tagata femalagaaʻi i le aso 25 Tesema 2024. E tusa ma le 40,000 m² lona telē ma na faatupeina lona fausiaina e le kamupani vaalele tumaoti o ''SCAT''.<ref name="airport">[https://www.gov.kz/memleket/entities/transport/press/news/details/1004307?lang=ru Le nofoaga fou o femalagaaʻiga i le Malae Vaalele o Simikeneta], Matagaluega o Felauaiga a Kasakisitana.</ref> Na aofia i le galuega le toe faaleleia o nofoaga e tū ai vaalele, auala e feoaʻi ai vaalele ma le malae i luma o le fale. E mafai e le fale fou ona tautua le tusa ma le 2,000 tagata i le itula. === Felauaiga i totonu o le aʻai === O pasi o le auala autū o felauaiga lautele. E fesootaʻi le upega o auala pasi ma itumalo tau pulega e lima, pitonuu i tua ma nuu sa mulimuli ane tuufaatasia ma le aʻai. Mai le 1969 seʻia oo i le 2005, sa iai i Simikeneta se faiga o pasi eletise e fesootaʻi i uaea. Na faamutaina ona ua tuai ma faaleagaina uaea eletise ma taavale. O auala tetele e fesootaʻi ai Simikeneta ma Tasikeneta, Tulikisitana, Taraz, Alamatea ma nofoaga e sopoʻia ai le tuaoi i le va o Kasakisitana ma Usipekitana. == Aganuu ma aʻoaʻoga == O Simikeneta o se tasi o nofoaga autū o aganuu i le itu i saute o Kasakisitana. E iloa le eseese o ituaiga o tagata o le aʻai i ana faalapotopotoga Kasaka, Rusia, Usepeka ma isi faalapotopotoga faaleaganuu. O nofoaga tāua o aganuu e aofia ai: le Simikeneta Philharmonic, ua faaigoaina i le fatupese o Shämşi Qaldaiaqov; le Fale Mataaga o Tala Faatino a Rusia; le Fale Mataaga o Tala Faatino a Usepeka; le Fale Mataaga o le Opera ma le Palei; le Falemataaga o le Aʻai o Simikeneta; le Nofoaga Autū mo Tu ma Aganuu; le Sākosi o Simikeneta. I le 2020, na avea Simikeneta ma laumua o aganuu a le Taupulega o Malo Tutoʻatasi. Ona o le [[faamaʻi pipisi o le COVID-19]], na faia ai i luga o le initaneti nisi o koneseti, tausamiga, faaaliga ma fonotaga sa fuafuaina.<ref name="culture2020"/> O aʻoga maualuluga tāua o le aʻai e aofia ai: le Iunivesite o Kasakisitana i Saute ua faaigoaina ia Mukhtar Auezov; le Iunivesite Faafaiaʻoga o Kasakisitana i Saute ua faaigoaina ia Özbekäli Zhanibekov; le Akademi Faafomaʻi o Kasakisitana i Saute; le Iunivesite o Simikeneta; le Iunivesite o Miras. == Nofoaga iloga == === Le aʻai tuai ma le ʻolo === E tū le vaega tuai o Simikeneta i le ogatotonu faasolopito o le aʻai i aso nei. Sa vaevaeina masani i ni vaega autū se tolu: le ʻolo puipuia; le vaega i totonu o le aʻai, e taʻua o le ''shahristan''; pitonuu i fafo o tufuga ma tagata faipisinisi, e taʻua o le ''rabad''. O le ʻolo o le vaega lea sa sili ona puipuia. Sa iai i totonu le maota o le pule, fale o le ʻautau ma ofisa tau pulega. I aso nei, o le nofoaga o se vaega o suʻesuʻega o mea anamua ma se falemataaga i fafo.<ref>[https://oq.gov.kz/ru/abai/Simikeneta-qalashyghy Le aʻai tuai o Simikeneta], upega tafaʻilagi o measina faaleaganuu a Kasakisitana.</ref> O isi nofoaga iloga i Simikeneta e aofia ai: le Lotoa o Ordabasy ma le maa faamanatu o '''Zher-Ana'''; le Paka o le Tutoʻatasi; le Paka o Abay; le togalaau o laau a Asanbay Askarov; le togalaau o manu o Simikeneta; le ala savali i autafa o le vaitafe o Koshkarata; le Arbat o Simikeneta, o se auala savali e iai faleoloa ma nofoaga faaleaganuu; le Paka o Ken Baba; le maa faamanatu o Baidibek Bi; le ala o Shämşi Qaldaiaqov; le faletapuai o Koshkar-Ata; le Falemataaga o Tagata na Aafia i Sauāga Faapolokiki. I nofoaga e latalata i le aʻai o loo iai le nofoaga faasolopito o Sayram, le nofoaga faasao faalenatura o [[Aksu-Zhabagly]], le vanu loloto o Aksu ma vaega mauga o Sayram-Ugam ma Kazygurt. == Taʻaloga == O taʻaloga taatele i Simikeneta o le lakapi soka, fusuaga, piiga, afeleti, faamalositino, aau ma le tenisi. O le kalapu lakapi soka a alii e sili ona tāua o le '''[[FK Ordabasy]]''', lea e taalo i le liki maualuga a Kasakisitana. E faia ana taaloga i le Maota Taʻaloga Tutotonu o Qajymuqan Muñaitpasov. Ua manumalo Ordabasy i le siamupini ma le Ipu a Kasakisitana. O Simikeneta foʻi o le nofoaga o le kalapu lakapi soka a tamaitai o le '''[[BIIK Kazygurt]]''', o se tasi o kalapu a tamaitai ua sili ona manuia i Kasakisitana ma ua auai soo i tauvaga a kalapu i Europa.<ref>[https://www.uefa.com/womenschampionsleague/history/clubs/2600830--biik-Simikeneta/ ''BIIK-Simikeneta''], UEFA.</ref> E iai i le aʻai nofoaga e toleni ai tagata mo Taaloga Olimipeka, malae taʻaloga, fale faamalositino, vaitaele ma nofoaga tenisi. O tagata taʻalo na fananau pe aʻoaʻoina i Simikeneta ua fai ma sui o Kasakisitana i Taaloga Olimipeka, siamupini o le lalolagi ma Taaloga a Asia. == Tagaʻi foʻi == * [[Kasakisitana]] == Faamatalaga == <references/> == Soʻoga i fafo == [https://www.gov.kz/memleket/entities/Simikeneta Upega tafaʻilagi aloaʻia a le Pulega o Simikeneta] [https://stat.gov.kz/en/region/Shymkent/ Faamaumauga aloaʻia o Simikeneta] [https://visit-Simikeneta.com/ Upega tafaʻilagi o tagata tafafao maimoa i Simikeneta] [[Category:Kasakisitana]] [[Category:Asia]] iwcfdu88fzbn0v8hstvcgt0yc11gx7e 48422 48421 2026-07-12T19:08:56Z Vyacheslav Nasretdinov 5122 /* Faafanua */ 48422 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Shymkent independence square in 2023.jpg|thumb|Sikuea o Oratapasi - Ordabassy Square]] [[File:Independence-Park-Shymkent-Kazakhstan.jpg|thumb|Paka o le Tutoʻatasi - Independence Park]] [[File:Citadel-Shymkent-Kazakhstan.jpg|thumb|Olo o Simikeneta - Citadel of Shymkent]] [[File:Tulip-Fountain-Shymkent-Kazakhstan.jpg|thumb|Vaipuna o le Tulipe - Tulip Fountain]] [[File:Aerial View of Shymkent.jpg|thumb|Vaaiga mai le ea o Simikeneta - Aerial View of Shymkent]] '''Simikeneta''' (i le [[Fa'akasaka]]: '''Шымкент'''; i le alafapeta Latina: ''Şymkent''; na taʻua o '''Chernyayev''' mai le 1914 seʻia oo i le 1924; ma na tusia aloaʻia i le gagana Rusia o '''Chimkent''' seʻia oo i le 1992) o se aʻai telē i le itu i saute o [[Kasakisitana]], e lē mamao mai le tuaoi ma [[Usipekitana]]. O Simikeneta o se tasi o aʻai e tolu o Kasakisitana ua iai le tulaga faapitoa o se '''aʻai e tāua i le tulaga faale-republika''', faatasi ma [[Asetana]] ma [[Alamatea]]. O lona uiga o Simikeneta o se vaega tau pulega tutoʻatasi e tutusa lona tulaga ma itulagi o le atunuu. E lē aofia le aʻai i le Itulagi o [[Tulikisitana]] (Turkistan), e ui e siʻomia lona teritori e lea itulagi. I le aso 1 Iuni 2026, e 1,308,120 tagata na nonofo i Simikeneta.<ref name="population2026">[https://stat.gov.kz/en/region/ ''Population of the regions of the Republic of Kazakhstan as of June 1, 2026''], Ofisa o Fuainumera Faamauina a Kasakisitana. Na maua i le 11 Iulai 2026.</ref> O le aʻai lona tolu lea o Kasakisitana i le toʻatele o tagata, pe a mavae Alamatea ma Asetana. O se tasi foʻi o nofoaga autū o le atunuu mo alamanuia, fefaatauaʻiga, felauaiga, aʻoaʻoga ma aganuʻu. Seʻia oo i le aso 19 Iuni 2018, sa avea Simikeneta ma laumua tau pulega o le Itulagi o Kasakisitana i Saute. I lenā aso, na aveese ai le aʻai mai le itulagi ma tuuina atu i ai le tulaga o se aʻai e tāua i le tulaga faale-republika. Na toe faaigoaina le Itulagi o Kasakisitana i Saute o le Itulagi o Tulikisitana, ma na siitia lona nofoaga autū tau pulega i le aʻai o [[Tulikisitana]].<ref name="status2018">[https://www.akorda.kz/ru/legal_acts/decrees/o-nekotoryh-voprosah-administrativno-territorialnogo-ustroistva-respubliki-kazahstan Poloaʻiga a le Peresitene o Kasakisitana e faatatau i le faatulagaga tau pulega ma teritori], 19 Iuni 2018.</ref> I le 2020, na filifilia ai Simikeneta e avea ma laumua o aganuʻu a le [[Taupulega o Malo Tutoʻatasi]].<ref name="culture2020">[https://www.gov.kz/memleket/entities/Shymkent/press/news/details/119117?lang=ru Simikeneta o le laumua o aganuʻu a le Taupulega o Malo Tutoʻatasi], Pulega o Simikeneta, 2020.</ref> == Igoa == E masani ona faamatalaina le igoa '''Simikeneta''' (Şymkent) o se tuufaatasiga o ni vaega se lua. O le vaega lona lua, '''kent''' po o '''kand''', e tupuga mai i gagana Iranī anamua ma le gagana Sogdiana. O lona uiga o le “aʻai”, “nuu”, “nofoaga ua ainā” po o le “nofoaga o tagata”. E maua lenei vaega i igoa o le tele o aʻai i [[Asia Tutotonu]], e aofia ai [[Tasikeneta]] (Tashkent) ma [[Samalikaneda]] (Samarkand). O le vaega muamua, '''shym''' po o '''chim''', e fesootaʻi ma upu e faasino i le mutia, laufanua lanumeamata, fanua e fafaga ai manu po o se vanu ua tumu i laau ma fugālaau. O le mea lea, e mafai ona faamatalaina le igoa o le aʻai o le “aʻai i laufanua mutia”, le “aʻai lanumeamata” po o le “aʻai i le vanu lauolaola”.<ref>Э. М. Мурзаев, ''Словарь народных географических терминов''. Moscow: Мысль, 1984.</ref> I faamaumauga tuai, e eseese auala na tusia ai le igoa o le aʻai, e aofia ai ''Chimkent'', ''Chimkand'', ''Chimket'', ''Chamankent'' ma ''Simikeneta''. I le 1914, ina ua atoa le 50 tausaga talu ona pulea e ʻautau a le Malo o Rusia le ʻolo o le aʻai, na toe faaigoaina ai o '''Chernyayev''', e faamamalu ai le taʻitaʻiʻau Rusia o Mikhail Chernyayev. Na toe faafoʻi le igoa Chimkent i le 1924. Ina ua tutoʻatasi Kasakisitana, na suia i le aso 8 Setema 1992 le sipelaga aloaʻia i le gagana Rusia mai le ''Чимкент'' i le ''Шымкент'', ina ia latalata atili i le faaleoga Kasaka. == Faafanua == E tū Simikeneta i le itu i saute o Kasakisitana, e latalata i le tuaoi ma Usipekitana, i le vaega i sisifo o auvae mauga o le Tian Shan. E tusa ma le 506 mita le maualuga o le ogatotonu o le aʻai i luga aʻe o le sami. E tusa ma le 1,163 km² le lautele o lona teritori tau pulega.<ref>[https://stat.gov.kz/api/iblock/element/223884/file/en/ ''Demographic Yearbook of Kazakhstan''], Ofisa o Fuainumera Faamauina a Kasakisitana.</ref> E tusa le mamao o Simikeneta ma: le 120 km i le itu i mātū o Tasikeneta, le laumua o Usipekitana; le 150 km i le itu i saute o Tulikisitana; le 690 km i le itu i sisifo o Alamatea; le 1,480 km i le itu i saute o Asetana. O le tulaga o le aʻai i le va o laufanua laugatasi o Kasakisitana, vanu lafulemu o Asia Tutotonu ma ala i mauga o Tian Shan na avea ai Simikeneta ma nofoaga tāua mo fefaatauaʻiga ma femalagaaʻiga talu mai aso anamua. E tafe le vaitafe o Badam i le itu i saute o le aʻai. I le ogatotonu o Simikeneta e puna aʻe ai le vaitafe laʻitiiti o Koshkarata mai vaipuna i lalo o le eleele. Ua faaleleia ona auvai e avea ma nofoaga e mālōlō ai, ma paka, ala savali ma malae taʻaloga. I le itu i saute ma le itu i saute sasaʻe o le aʻai o loo iai auvae o atumauga o Kazygurt, Karzhantau ma Ugam. O nei atumauga o ni vaega o le Tian Shan i Sisifo. === Tau === E iai i Simikeneta se tau faakontineta, ae o loo iai foʻi ni vaega e tai pei o le tau o le Metitirani. E umi, vevela ma matutu le tau māfanafana, ae e puupuu ma agamalu le taumālūlū pe a faatusatusa i vaega i mātū o Kasakisitana. E tusa ma le 13 °C le averesi o le vevela i le tausaga. O Iulai le masina e sili ona vevela, ma e tusa ma le 26 °C lona averesi. O Ianuari le masina e sili ona mālūlū, ma e tusa ma le −1 °C lona averesi. I le tau māfanafana, e mafai ona sili atu le vevela i le 40 °C. I taimi e matuā mālūlū ai le taumālūlū, e mafai ona paʻū ifo le vevela i lalo o le −20 °C. E tusa ma le 570–600 milimita le aofaʻi o timuga i le tausaga. O le tele o timuga e paʻū i le tau e totogo ai laau ma le tau e toulu ai lau, ae e masani ona matuā matutu le tau māfanafana.<ref>[http://www.pogodaiklimat.ru/climate/38328.htm Faamaumauga o le tau i Simikeneta], Pogoda i klimat.</ref> == Tala faasolopito == === Aso anamua ma le Vaitausaga Tutotonu === Ua faaalia i suʻesuʻega o mea anamua sa iai nofoaga na nonofo ai tagata i le teritori o Simikeneta i le senituri lona tolu po o le lona lua a o leʻi oo i le T.A. O ipu ʻele ma isi mea na maua e tutusa ma mea na maua i Afrasiab, le nofoaga tuai e latalata i Samalikaneda.<ref name="history">Е. В. Баранчиков, “Шымкент”, ''Большая российская энциклопедия'', Tusi 35, Moscow, 2017, itu. 165–166.</ref> O le faamatalaga tusitusia pito i leva ua iloa e faatatau i Simikeneta o loo iai i le tusi faasolopito Peresia o le ''Zafarnama'', po o le “Tusi o Manumalo”, na faamaeʻaina e le tusitala o talafaasolopito o Sharaf ad-Din Ali Yazdi i le 1425. A o faamatala le osofaʻiga a Timuli i Mogulisitana, na taʻua e le tusitala se nofoaga e igoa ia Chimkent po o Chamankent e latalata i Sayram, i le tala e faatatau i mea na tutupu i le 1365–1366.<ref name="history"/> Na ola aʻe le aʻai i se tasi o lālā o le [[Ala Silika]], i le mea na fesootaʻi ai auala fefaatauaʻi mai Tasikeneta, Sayram ma Tulikisitana ma auala agaʻi atu i laufanua o Kasakisitana, Siberia ma itulagi i mātū. I le amataga o le senituri lona 16, na avea ai le itulagi ma vaega o le [[Malo Khan o Kasaka]]. I senituri lona 17 ma le 18, na osofaʻia soo le aʻai ma ona siʻosiʻomaga e tagata Dzungar. I le faaiʻuga o le senituri lona 18 ma le afa muamua o le senituri lona 19, na tauva ai le Malo Khan o Bukhara ma le Malo Khan o Kokand mo le pule i Simikeneta. I le 1810, na avea le aʻai ma vaega o le Malo Khan o Kokand ma avea ai ma ʻolo tāua i le tuaoi. === Vaitaimi o le Malo o Rusia === I le 1864, na pulea ai e ʻautau a le [[Malo o Rusia]], i lalo o le taʻitaʻiga a Mikhail Chernyayev, le ʻolo o Simikeneta. Mulimuli ane, na tuufaatasia le aʻai i le Itulagi o Syr Darya o le Malo o Rusia ma avea ma nofoaga autū tau pulega o le itumalo o Chimkent. I le vaitaimi o pulega a Rusia, na faateleina ai fefaatauaʻiga ma Tasikeneta, Tulikisitana ma laufanua o tagata Kasaka. O le fausia o le auala nofoaafi Orenburg–Tasikeneta i le amataga o le senituri lona 20 na vave ai le tuputupu aʻe o le tamaoaiga ma le faitau aofaʻi. I le 1914, na toe faaigoaina le aʻai o Chernyayev. Na toe faafoʻi le igoa Chimkent i le 1924. === Vaitaimi o le Soviet === I tausaga o le 1930, na avea Chimkent ma se tasi o nofoaga autū o alamanuia i le itu i saute o le [[Iuni Soviet]]. Na amata galue le falegaosimea o le taʻitaʻi i Chimkent i le 1934. Mulimuli ane na avea ma se tasi o falegaosimea sili ona telē a le Soviet mo uʻamea e lē o iai le uʻamea autū. Na atiaʻe foʻi le gaosiga o vailaʻau, fualaau faafomaʻi, meaʻai, ʻie, masini ma mea faufale. I le taimi o le [[Taua Lona Lua a le Lalolagi]], na siitia ai falegaosimea e 17 mai vaega i sisifo o le Iuni Soviet i Chimkent. Na gaosia e falegaosimea o le aʻai le taʻitaʻi, fualaau faafomaʻi, meaʻai, suāuu faatekinolosi ma isi oloa mo le ʻautau. Na faaauau le atinaʻeina o alamanuia ina ua maeʻa le taua. Na fausia pitonuu fou, aʻoga, falemaʻi ma nofoaga faaleaganuu. Na siitia le faitau aofaʻi mai le silia i le 74,000 i le 1939 i le silia i le 390,000 i le 1989. === Kasakisitana tutoʻatasi === Ina ua tutoʻatasi Kasakisitana, na aloaʻia ai le igoa '''Simikeneta''' i le aso 8 Setema 1992. I le 2014, na tuufaatasia ai ma le aʻai nisi o nuu ma nofoaga sa iai i itumalo tuaoi. O lenei suiga na matuā faateleina ai le teritori ma le faitau aofaʻi o Simikeneta. I le aso 19 Iuni 2018, na vavae ese ai Simikeneta mai le Itulagi o Kasakisitana i Saute ma maua ai le tulaga o se aʻai e tāua i le tulaga faale-republika.<ref name="status2018"/> I le tausaga lava lea na sili atu ai lona faitau aofaʻi aloaʻia i le miliona. I le 2022, na faavaeina ai Turan e avea ma itumalo tau pulega lona lima o Simikeneta. == Pulega == E tutusa le tulaga tau pulega o Simikeneta ma se itulagi o Kasakisitana. E lē i lalo o le pulega a le Itulagi o Tulikisitana, ae e iai lona lava vaega faatino o le malo, ua taʻua o le '''akimat'''. O le taʻitaʻi o le aʻai e taʻua o le '''akim'''. Talu mai le aso 5 Setema 2023, o Gabit Abdimazhitovich Syzdykbekov le akim o Simikeneta.<ref name="akim">[https://www.gov.kz/memleket/entities/Shymkent/about/structure/people/37043 Gabit Abdimazhitovich Syzdykbekov, Akim o Simikeneta], upega tafaʻilagi aloaʻia a le Malo o Kasakisitana.</ref> Ua vaevaeina Simikeneta i itumalo tau pulega e lima:<ref name="districts">[https://www.gov.kz/memleket/entities/Simikeneta?lang=en Akimat of Simikeneta city], Malo o Kasakisitana.</ref> '''Itumalo o Abay'''; '''Itumalo o Al-Farabi'''; '''Itumalo o Enbekshi'''; '''Itumalo o Karatau'''; '''Itumalo o Turan'''. Na faavaeina le Itumalo o Karatau i le 2014, ma le Itumalo o Turan i le 2022. O le maslikhat a le aʻai o le faalapotopotoga filifilia lea e iloilo le paketi, fuafuaga tau atinaʻe, polokalame lautele ma isi mataupu faalotoifale. == Faitau aofaʻi == Na vave le siitia o le faitau aofaʻi o Simikeneta i le senituri lona 20 ma le amataga o le senituri lona 21. E tusa ai ma le tusigaigoa a le Malo o Rusia i le 1897, e 11,194 tagata na nonofo i le aʻai. Na sili atu le faitau aofaʻi i le 74,000 i le 1939, e tusa ma le 247,000 i le 1970, ma sili atu i le 390,000 i le 1989. O le malaga mai o tagata mai nuu i tua, le tuputupu aʻe masani o le faitau aofaʻi ma le faalauteleina o tuaoi o le aʻai na fesoasoani i lenei siitaga. I le 2018, na sili atu ai le faitau aofaʻi aloaʻia i le miliona. I le aso 1 Iuni 2026, e 1,308,120 tagata na nonofo i Simikeneta.<ref name="population2026"/> O Simikeneta o se aʻai e tele ituaiga tagata. O tagata Kasaka o le vaega pito sili lea o le faitau aofaʻi. E toʻatele foʻi tagata Usepeka ma tagata Rusia. E nonofo ai foʻi tagata Aserpaijani, Tatara, Take, Korea, Kurda, Ukaraina ma isi ituaiga. O le gagana Kasaka o le gagana aloaʻia a le malo. E faaaogā lautele le gagana Rusia i ofisa o le malo ma pulega faalotoifale. E tāua foʻi le gagana Usepeka i le olaga faaleaiga, aganuu ma fefaatauaʻiga o nisi o tagata o le aʻai. == Tamaoaiga == O Simikeneta o se tasi o nofoaga autū o le tamaoaiga i le itu i saute o Kasakisitana. O vaega tāua o le tamaoaiga e aofia ai: le faamamāina o le suāuu; alamanuia o vailaʻau ma fualaau faafomaʻi; le gaosiga o uʻamea lanu; le gaosiga o masini; alamanuia o meaʻai; le gaosiga o ʻie ma lavalava; le gaosiga o simā ma mea faufale; fefaatauaʻiga, felauaiga ma le faatulagaina o uta. O nisi o kamupani tetele o le aʻai o le fale faamamā suāuu ''PetroKazakhstan Oil Products'', le kamupani o fualaau faafomaʻi ''Khimpharm'' ma le falegaosimea simā ''Simikenetacement''. O loo iai i le aʻai le sone tau tamaoaiga faapitoa o '''Ontustik''', lea e taulaʻi faapitoa i le gaosiga o ʻie. O loo iai foʻi sone alamanuia o Tassay ma Badam, faapea le nofoaga autū o fefaatauaʻiga ma uta o Ontustik. I le 2025, na oo atu le oloa faaitulagi atoa o Simikeneta i le tusa ma le 5.7 tiliona tenge, ma na siitia moni le tamaoaiga i le tusa ma le 11 pasene.<ref>[https://qazinform.com/news/Simikenetas-grp-grows-11-to-kzt-57-trillion-mayor-reports-e2e83f ''Simikeneta's GRP grows 11% to KZT 5.7 trillion''], Qazinform, 11 Iuni 2026.</ref> Mai Ianuari seʻia oo i Me 2026, na oo atu le tau o oloa alamanuia i le tusa ma le 666.8 piliona tenge.<ref>[https://stat.gov.kz/en/region/Shymkent/ Faailoga tau tamaoaiga ma agafesootai o Simikeneta], Ofisa o Fuainumera Faamauina a Kasakisitana, 2026.</ref> O le vave o le tuputupu aʻe o le faitau aofaʻi ua mafua ai le fausia o fale, aʻoga, falemaʻi, auala, paipa vai, laina eletise ma alavai fou. == Felauaiga == O Simikeneta o se nofoaga tāua o felauaiga i le va o Kasakisitana, Usipekitana ma isi vaega o Asia Tutotonu. === Auala nofoaafi === E tū le aʻai i le auala nofoaafi tuai o Orenburg–Tasikeneta. E iai nofoaafi tuusaʻo mai Simikeneta i Alamatea, Asetana, Taraz, Tulikisitana, Kyzylorda, Tasikeneta ma isi aʻai. Na toe fausia ma faalautele le nofoaga o nofoaafi i Simikeneta i le 2023–2024. Na siitia lona gafatia mai le tusa ma le 2,000 i le 6,000 tagata femalagaaʻi i le aso.<ref name="railway">[https://www.gov.kz/memleket/entities/Simikeneta-zhol-kolik/press/news/details/1085845?lang=ru Toe fausia o le nofoaga o nofoaafi i Simikeneta], Matagaluega o Felauaiga a Simikeneta.</ref> O le nofoaga fou e iai potu faatalitali, ofisa e faatau ai pepa malaga, nofoaga faafomaʻi, potu mo mātua ma fanau, faapea nofoaga ua saunia mo tagata e iai manaoga faapitoa. === Malae vaalele === O le '''Malae Vaalele Faavaomalo o Simikeneta''' e faatautaia malaga i totonu o le atunuu ma malaga faavaomalo. Na tatala le fale fou mo tagata femalagaaʻi i le aso 25 Tesema 2024. E tusa ma le 40,000 m² lona telē ma na faatupeina lona fausiaina e le kamupani vaalele tumaoti o ''SCAT''.<ref name="airport">[https://www.gov.kz/memleket/entities/transport/press/news/details/1004307?lang=ru Le nofoaga fou o femalagaaʻiga i le Malae Vaalele o Simikeneta], Matagaluega o Felauaiga a Kasakisitana.</ref> Na aofia i le galuega le toe faaleleia o nofoaga e tū ai vaalele, auala e feoaʻi ai vaalele ma le malae i luma o le fale. E mafai e le fale fou ona tautua le tusa ma le 2,000 tagata i le itula. === Felauaiga i totonu o le aʻai === O pasi o le auala autū o felauaiga lautele. E fesootaʻi le upega o auala pasi ma itumalo tau pulega e lima, pitonuu i tua ma nuu sa mulimuli ane tuufaatasia ma le aʻai. Mai le 1969 seʻia oo i le 2005, sa iai i Simikeneta se faiga o pasi eletise e fesootaʻi i uaea. Na faamutaina ona ua tuai ma faaleagaina uaea eletise ma taavale. O auala tetele e fesootaʻi ai Simikeneta ma Tasikeneta, Tulikisitana, Taraz, Alamatea ma nofoaga e sopoʻia ai le tuaoi i le va o Kasakisitana ma Usipekitana. == Aganuu ma aʻoaʻoga == O Simikeneta o se tasi o nofoaga autū o aganuu i le itu i saute o Kasakisitana. E iloa le eseese o ituaiga o tagata o le aʻai i ana faalapotopotoga Kasaka, Rusia, Usepeka ma isi faalapotopotoga faaleaganuu. O nofoaga tāua o aganuu e aofia ai: le Simikeneta Philharmonic, ua faaigoaina i le fatupese o Shämşi Qaldaiaqov; le Fale Mataaga o Tala Faatino a Rusia; le Fale Mataaga o Tala Faatino a Usepeka; le Fale Mataaga o le Opera ma le Palei; le Falemataaga o le Aʻai o Simikeneta; le Nofoaga Autū mo Tu ma Aganuu; le Sākosi o Simikeneta. I le 2020, na avea Simikeneta ma laumua o aganuu a le Taupulega o Malo Tutoʻatasi. Ona o le [[faamaʻi pipisi o le COVID-19]], na faia ai i luga o le initaneti nisi o koneseti, tausamiga, faaaliga ma fonotaga sa fuafuaina.<ref name="culture2020"/> O aʻoga maualuluga tāua o le aʻai e aofia ai: le Iunivesite o Kasakisitana i Saute ua faaigoaina ia Mukhtar Auezov; le Iunivesite Faafaiaʻoga o Kasakisitana i Saute ua faaigoaina ia Özbekäli Zhanibekov; le Akademi Faafomaʻi o Kasakisitana i Saute; le Iunivesite o Simikeneta; le Iunivesite o Miras. == Nofoaga iloga == === Le aʻai tuai ma le ʻolo === E tū le vaega tuai o Simikeneta i le ogatotonu faasolopito o le aʻai i aso nei. Sa vaevaeina masani i ni vaega autū se tolu: le ʻolo puipuia; le vaega i totonu o le aʻai, e taʻua o le ''shahristan''; pitonuu i fafo o tufuga ma tagata faipisinisi, e taʻua o le ''rabad''. O le ʻolo o le vaega lea sa sili ona puipuia. Sa iai i totonu le maota o le pule, fale o le ʻautau ma ofisa tau pulega. I aso nei, o le nofoaga o se vaega o suʻesuʻega o mea anamua ma se falemataaga i fafo.<ref>[https://oq.gov.kz/ru/abai/Simikeneta-qalashyghy Le aʻai tuai o Simikeneta], upega tafaʻilagi o measina faaleaganuu a Kasakisitana.</ref> O isi nofoaga iloga i Simikeneta e aofia ai: le Lotoa o Ordabasy ma le maa faamanatu o '''Zher-Ana'''; le Paka o le Tutoʻatasi; le Paka o Abay; le togalaau o laau a Asanbay Askarov; le togalaau o manu o Simikeneta; le ala savali i autafa o le vaitafe o Koshkarata; le Arbat o Simikeneta, o se auala savali e iai faleoloa ma nofoaga faaleaganuu; le Paka o Ken Baba; le maa faamanatu o Baidibek Bi; le ala o Shämşi Qaldaiaqov; le faletapuai o Koshkar-Ata; le Falemataaga o Tagata na Aafia i Sauāga Faapolokiki. I nofoaga e latalata i le aʻai o loo iai le nofoaga faasolopito o Sayram, le nofoaga faasao faalenatura o [[Aksu-Zhabagly]], le vanu loloto o Aksu ma vaega mauga o Sayram-Ugam ma Kazygurt. == Taʻaloga == O taʻaloga taatele i Simikeneta o le lakapi soka, fusuaga, piiga, afeleti, faamalositino, aau ma le tenisi. O le kalapu lakapi soka a alii e sili ona tāua o le '''[[FK Ordabasy]]''', lea e taalo i le liki maualuga a Kasakisitana. E faia ana taaloga i le Maota Taʻaloga Tutotonu o Qajymuqan Muñaitpasov. Ua manumalo Ordabasy i le siamupini ma le Ipu a Kasakisitana. O Simikeneta foʻi o le nofoaga o le kalapu lakapi soka a tamaitai o le '''[[BIIK Kazygurt]]''', o se tasi o kalapu a tamaitai ua sili ona manuia i Kasakisitana ma ua auai soo i tauvaga a kalapu i Europa.<ref>[https://www.uefa.com/womenschampionsleague/history/clubs/2600830--biik-Simikeneta/ ''BIIK-Simikeneta''], UEFA.</ref> E iai i le aʻai nofoaga e toleni ai tagata mo Taaloga Olimipeka, malae taʻaloga, fale faamalositino, vaitaele ma nofoaga tenisi. O tagata taʻalo na fananau pe aʻoaʻoina i Simikeneta ua fai ma sui o Kasakisitana i Taaloga Olimipeka, siamupini o le lalolagi ma Taaloga a Asia. == Tagaʻi foʻi == * [[Kasakisitana]] == Faamatalaga == <references/> == Soʻoga i fafo == [https://www.gov.kz/memleket/entities/Simikeneta Upega tafaʻilagi aloaʻia a le Pulega o Simikeneta] [https://stat.gov.kz/en/region/Shymkent/ Faamaumauga aloaʻia o Simikeneta] [https://visit-Simikeneta.com/ Upega tafaʻilagi o tagata tafafao maimoa i Simikeneta] [[Category:Kasakisitana]] [[Category:Asia]] o1e455wu07l8fkaw4q7nm1b4r1m00lx 14 11491 48420 2026-07-12T19:07:26Z Vyacheslav Nasretdinov 5122 Created blank page 48420 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1