Wikipedia sowiki https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bogga_Hore MediaWiki 1.39.0-wmf.23 first-letter Media Special Talk User User talk Wikipedia Wikipedia talk File File talk MediaWiki MediaWiki talk Template Template talk Help Help talk Category Category talk Portal Portal talk TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Gadget Gadget talk Gadget definition Gadget definition talk Aljeeriya 0 1028 239750 239683 2022-08-10T11:17:25Z Mwasoge 29030 /* Waddnamha deggan algeria */ wikitext text/x-wiki {{Coord|28|N|2|E|scale:10000000_type:country_region:DZ|format=dms|display=title}} {{Dalalka |native_name = Aljeeriya |conventional_long_name = |common_name = Aljeeriya |qaarada = [[Afrika]] |sawir_calan = Flag of Algeria.svg |sawir_qaran = Emblem of Algeria.svg |astaan_calan = |image_map = |caasimada = [[Algiers]] |luuqadaha = [[Carabi]] |Dawladda = &nbsp; |magac_hogaamiye1 = Abdulqani Dirieh |magac_hogaamiye2 = |magac_hogaamiye1 = | GDP_PPP_year = 2017 | GDP_PPP_rank = | GDP_PPP_per_capita = $22,425<ref name="">IMF database 2017</ref>. | GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = | GDP_nominal = $205.00 Billion<ref name="">IMF database 2018</ref>. | GDP_nominal_year = 2017 | GDP_nominal_rank = | GDP_nominal_per_capita = $22,550<ref name="">IMF database 2019</ref>. | GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = |magac_hogaamiye2 = |sovereignty_type = |sovereignty_note = |established_event1 = |established_date1 = |area = |areami² = |biyo = |population_estimate = |population_estimate_year = |lacagta =[[DZD]] |wakhti = |furaha_debeda = |footnote1 = |footnote2 = }} [[File:Algeria map-FR.png|right|thumbnail|193px|Aljeeriya]] [[File:Algiers coast.jpg|thumb|194px|right|La baia d'Argièr vista de l'oèst]] [[File:Algeri04.jpg|thumb|right|195px|]] [[File:Al-chihab.jpg|thumb|right|196px|marcab Aljeeriya samayan]] [[File:Algeria_women's_national_volleyball_team_at_the_2012_Summer_Olympics_(7913969288).jpg|thumb|right|197px|kubedka -volley Aljeeriya Naga]] [[File:Autoroute_est_ouest_ghomri2.JPG|thumb|right|197px|]] [[File:The_Test_Garden_Hamma.jpg|thumb|right|197px|beeraha Hamma {{Flag|Algeria}}]] [[File:Sonatrach.svg|thumb|right|197px|Logo de Sonatrach, companhiá nacionala d'esplecha deis idrocarburs.]] [[File:Alger_Tunnel-des-Facultes_-_Place-Maurice-Audin_IMG_0236.JPG|thumb|right|197px|]] [[w:kab:Dzayer]] Aljeeriya (Algeria) / Arabic: الجزائر al-Jazāir, Carabi Jazaa'iri Carabi: الدزاير al-dzāyīr; Luqada Amasiiqi: ⴷⵣⴰⵢⴻⵔ; Faransiis: Algeirs), si rasmi ah Jamhuuriyadda Dadweynaha ee Aljeeriya, waa wadan madaxbannaan oo dhaca qaarada Africa, xeebta badda Mediterraneanka. Caasimadda iyo magaalada ugu dadka badan waa Algiers, oo ku taal waqooyiga dalka xeebta Mediterraneanka. Algeria waa wadanka tobnaad ee ugu weyn dunida, iyo man koowaad ee ugu weyn [[Afrika]] ayaa tan iyo markii koonfurta [[Suudaan]] ay ka madax banaaneyd Sudan 2011-kii. Aljeriya ayaa xuddun u ah Waqooyi-bari ee [[Tunisia|Tuunis]], dhinaca bariga ee Liibiya, dhinaca Galbeedka ee [[Morocco|Maqrebta]], dhinaca koonfur galbeed ee u dhexeeya Galbeedka Saharan, Mauritania, iyo Mali, ilaa koonfur bari ee Niger, iyo waqooyiga badda Mediterranean. Wadanku waa Jamhuuriyad Seddexaad ah oo ka kooban 48 gobol iyo 1.541 wada-dhaqan (gobollo). Abdelaziz Bouteflika wuxuu ahaa madaxweynaha tan iyo 1999kii. Aljeeriya waxay ogtahay in badan oo ka mid ah boqortooyadii iyo nasteexooyinkii waagii hore ahaa, kuwaas oo ay ka mid yihiin Nimidiyiin, Phoenicians, Carthaginians, Romans, Umayyads, Abbasids, Idrisid, Aghlabid, Rugid, Fatimids, Zirid, Hammadids, Almoravids, Almohads, Boqortooyada. Berbers waa dadka asaliga ah ee Aljeeriya. Aljeeriya, oo dhaqaalaheedu ku tiirsan yahay batroolka, wuxuu xubin ka ahaa OPEC tan iyo 1969-kii. Waxyaabaha saliidda ee saliida ah waxay u taagan yihiin qiyaastii 1.1 milyan oo foosto / maalin, laakiin sidoo kale waa soo saaraha gaasiga ah iyo dhoofiyaha, oo leh xiriiro muhiim ah oo Europe ah. Hydrocarbons ayaa muddo dheer laf-dhabar u ah dhaqaalaha, taas oo qiyaastii 60% dakhliga miisaaniyadda, 30% ee miisaaniyadda, iyo in ka badan 95% dakhliga dhoofinta. Aljeeriya waxay leedahay kaydka 10aad ee ugu weyn ee gaaska dabiiciga ah ee adduunka ah, waana geedka lixaad ee ugu dhoofiya gaasta. Maamulka Warfaafinta Mareykanka ayaa soo wariyay in 2005, Aljeeriya ay ku leedahay 160 trillion cubic feet (4.5 × 1012 m3) ee kaydka dabiiciga ah ee dabiiciga ah. Waxa kale oo uu ku jiraa 16th ee kaydka shidaalka. Kobcin la'aanta hydrocarbon ee 2011 ayaa lagu qiyaasay 5%. Si loola tacaalo baahida bulshada, xukuumaddu waxay soo saartay kharashka, gaar ahaan taageerada cuntada aasaasiga ah, abuurista shaqo, taageerada SME, iyo mushahar sare. Sicirada qumbaha sare ayaa kor u qaaday koontada hadda iyo booska kaydka caalamiga ah ee hadda jira. Dakhliga saliidda iyo gaasta ayaa kor u kacay 2011-kii sababtuna tahay sicirka sicirka sareeya ee sii socda, inkastoo isbedelka mugga wax-soo-saarka uu hoos u socdo. Wax soo saarka saliidda iyo gaasta marka loo eego mugga, ayaa sii waday hoos u dhac, hoos udhaca 43.2 milyan tan oo gaartay 32 milyan tan intii u dhexaysay 2007 iyo 2011. Hase yeeshee, qaybta ayaa ka dhigan 98% wadarta guud ee dhoofinta sanadka 2011, 48% 1962, iyo 70% rasiidhada miisaaniyadda, ama USD 71.4 bilyan. ==Xubin== * [[ICAO]] * [[UNESCO]] * [[UNICEF]] * [[Midowga Afrika]] * * [[Bankiga Aduunka]] * * [[Jaamacada Carabta]] * * [[Kooxda Labaatanka]] * * [[Qaramada Midoobay]] * * [[Hayada Cuntada Aduunka]] * * [[Ururka Iskaashiga Islaamka]] - O C i * [[Ururka Caafimaadka Aduunka]] * ==Waddnamha Deggan Algeria== *'''{{Flag|Algeria}}''' 45,300,000+ * {{Flag|Brazil}} 200+<ref>https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/d/Democracy.htm</ref> * {{Flag|Bangladesh}} 400+ *{{Flag|Eritrea}} 12,500+ * {{Flag|Somalia}} 35,000+ * {{Flag|Djibouti}} 2,00 * {{Flag|Arab League}} 325,000+[<ref>https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/a/Arabic_language.htm</ref>] * {{Flag|Pakistan}} 13,500+ * {{Flag|Nigeria}} 125,000++ * {{Flag|Great Britain}} 520+<ref>https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/d/Democracy.htm</ref> *'''🇪🇺 Europeans''': 135,300+ <ref>https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/e/European_Union.htm</ref>. * {{Flag|United States}} 1500++* {{Flag|Taiwan}}, 12,000+++<ref>https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/d/Democracy.htm</ref> * {{Flag|Turkey}} 450,000+;* {{Flag|Russian Federation}} 51,200++ Shirkadda saliida ee Aljeeriya waa Sonatrach, oo kaalin muhiim ah ka ciyaara dhamaan dhinacyada saliida iyo saliidda dabiiciga ah ee Aljeeriya. Dhammaan wadashaqeeynayaasha shisheeye waa inay si wadajir ah ula shaqeeyaan Sonatrach, oo badanaaba leh lahaansho aqlabiyad ah oo ku saabsan heshiisyada is-weydaarsiga. * [https://www.jw.org/en/library/magazines/wp20141201/ancient-city-timgad/ Timgad—A Buried City Reveals Its Secrets] ==Xubin== [[Qaramada Midoobay]] [[Midowga Afrika]] Cilmi-baaris iyo ilaha tamarta kale Aljeeriya waxay maalgelisay qiyaastii 100 bilyan oo dinar ah oo ku aaddan horumarinta goobaha cilmi-baarista iyo bixinta cilmi-baarayaasha. Barnaamijkan horumarinta waxaa loola jeedaa in lagu horumariyo wax soo saarka tamarta, gaar ahaan tamarta qoraxda iyo dabaysha. [107] Aljeeriya waxaa lagu qiyaasaa in ay leedahay awoodda ugu weyn ee tamarta qoraxda ee Badda Mediterranean, sidaas darteed dawladdu waxay maalgelisay abuurista dayuurad dayrta qoraxda ee Hassi R'Mel. Waqtigaan, Algeria waxay leedahay 20,000 oo cilmi-baarayaal cilmi-baarayaal ah oo ka socda jaamacado kala duwan iyo in ka badan 780 shaybaar oo cilmi-baaris ah, oo leh hadafyo dowladeed oo lagu ballaariyo 1,000. Ka sokow tamarta qoraxda, meelaha cilmi baarista ee Algeria waxaa ka mid ah bedka iyo isgaarsiinta satellite-ka, tamarta nukliyeerka iyo cilmi-baarista caafimaadka. Suuqa shaqada Inkastoo ay hoos u dhacday tirada shaqo la'aanta, dhalinyarada iyo haweenka shaqo la'aanta ayaa sarreeya. [97] Shaqo la'aanta waxay si gaar ah u saameysaa dhallinyarada, iyada oo heerka shaqo la'aanta 21.5% ay ka mid tahay kooxda da'doodu tahay 15-24. Qiyaasta guud ee shaqo la'aanta waxay ahayd 10% sannadkii 2011, laakiin waxay ku badantahay dadka dhallinyarada ah, iyada oo qiyaas ahaan 21.5% loogu talagalay kuwa da'doodu u dhaxayso 15 iyo 24 jir. Dawladdu waxay xoojisay sanadka 2011 barnaamijyadii shaqo ee la soo saaray sanadkii 1988, gaar ahaan qaab barnaamijka caawinta {|class="wikitable sortable" |- !rowspan="2" scope="col"|Code !rowspan="2" scope="col"|Province !rowspan="2" scope="col"|ولاية !rowspan="2" scope="col"|Number of<br />Districts !rowspan="2" scope="col"|Number of<br />Municipalities !colspan="2" scope="col"|Area !rowspan="2" scope="col"|Population<br /><small>(2008<ref>[http://www.ons.dz/IMG/pdf/pop3_national.pdf Office National des Statistiques, Population par sexe, âge et Wilaya]. Consulted on 02/02/2016.</ref>)</small> !colspan="2" scope="col"|Density <small>(2008)</small> |- !scope="col"|km² !scope="col"|mi² !scope="col"|per km² !scope="col"|per mi² |---- | 01 ||[[Adrar Province|Adrar]] ||أدرار |style="text-align:center"|11 |style="text-align:center"|28 |{{convert|439,700|km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |style="text-align:right"|399,714 |{{convert|0.94|/km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |---- | 02 ||[[Chlef Province|Chlef]] ||الشلف |style="text-align:center"|13 |style="text-align:center"|35 |{{convert|4,795|km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |style="text-align:right"|1,002,088 |{{convert|209|/km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |---- | 03 ||[[Laghouat Province|Laghouat]] ||الأغواط |style="text-align:center"|10 |style="text-align:center"|24 |{{convert|25,057|km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |style="text-align:right"|455,602 |{{convert|18|/km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |---- | 04 ||[[Oum el-Bouaghi Province|Oum el-Bouaghi]] ||أم البواقي |style="text-align:center"|12 |style="text-align:center"|29 |{{convert|6,783|km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |style="text-align:right"|621,612 |{{convert|81|/km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |---- | 05 ||[[Batna Province|Batna]] ||باتنة |style="text-align:center"|21 |style="text-align:center"|61 |{{convert|12,192|km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |style="text-align:right"|1,119,791 |{{convert|92|/km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |---- | 06 ||[[Béjaïa Province|Béjaïa]] ||بجاية |style="text-align:center"|19 |style="text-align:center"|52 |{{convert|3,268|km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |style="text-align:right"|912,577 |{{convert|279|/km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |---- | 07 ||[[Biskra Province|Biskra]] ||بسكرة |style="text-align:center"|12 |style="text-align:center"|33 |{{convert|20,986|km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |style="text-align:right"|721,356 |{{convert|34|/km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |---- | 08 ||[[Béchar Province|Béchar]] ||بشار |style="text-align:center"|12 |style="text-align:center"|21 |{{convert|162,200|km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |style="text-align:right"|270,061 |{{convert|1.7|/km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |---- | 09 ||[[Blida Province|Blida]] ||البليدة |style="text-align:center"|10 |style="text-align:center"|25 |{{convert|1,575|km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |style="text-align:right"|1,002,937 |{{convert|591|/km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |---- | 10 ||[[Bouïra Province|Bouïra]] ||البويرة |style="text-align:center"|12 |style="text-align:center"|45 |{{convert|4,439|km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |style="text-align:right"|695,583 |{{convert|157|/km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |---- | 11 ||[[Tamanghasset Province|Tamanghasset]] ||تمنراست |style="text-align:center"|7 |style="text-align:center"|10 |{{convert|556,185|km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |style="text-align:right"|176,637 |{{convert|0.32|/km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |---- | 12 ||[[Tébessa Province|Tébessa]] ||تبسة |style="text-align:center"|12 |style="text-align:center"|28 |{{convert|14,227|km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |style="text-align:right"|648,703 |{{convert|46|/km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |---- | 13 ||[[Tlemcen Province|Tlemcen]] ||تلمسان |style="text-align:center"|20 |style="text-align:center"|53 |{{convert|9,061|km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |style="text-align:right"|949,135 |{{convert|105|/km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |---- | 14 ||[[Tiaret Province|Tiaret]] ||تيارت |style="text-align:center"|14 |style="text-align:center"|42 |{{convert|20,673|km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |style="text-align:right"|846,823 |{{convert|41|/km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |---- | 15 ||[[Tizi Ouzou Province|Tizi Ouzou]] ||تيزي وزو |style="text-align:center"|21 |style="text-align:center"|67 |{{convert|2,956|km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |style="text-align:right"|1,127,608 |{{convert|316|/km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |---- | 16 ||[[Algiers Province|Algiers]] ||الجزائر |style="text-align:center"|13 |style="text-align:center"|57 |{{convert|1,190|km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |style="text-align:right"|2,988,145 |{{convert|2511|/km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |---- | 17 ||[[Djelfa Province|Djelfa]] ||الجلفة |style="text-align:center"|12 |style="text-align:center"|36 |{{convert|66,415|km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |style="text-align:right"|1,092,184 |{{convert|46|/km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |---- | 18 ||[[Jijel Province|Jijel]] ||جيجل |style="text-align:center"|11 |style="text-align:center"|28 |{{convert|2,577|km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |style="text-align:right"|636,948 |{{convert|247|/km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |---- | 19 ||[[Sétif Province|Sétif]] ||سطيف |style="text-align:center"|20 |style="text-align:center"|60 |{{convert|6,504|km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |style="text-align:right"|1,489,979 |{{convert|229|/km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |---- | 20 ||[[Saïda Province|Saïda]] ||سعيدة |style="text-align:center"|6 |style="text-align:center"|16 |{{convert|6,764|km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |style="text-align:right"|330,641 |{{convert|49|/km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |---- | 21 ||[[Skikda Province|Skikda]] ||سكيكدة |style="text-align:center"|13 |style="text-align:center"|38 |{{convert|4,026|km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |style="text-align:right"|898,680 |{{convert|223|/km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |---- | 22 ||[[Sidi Bel Abbès Province|Sidi Bel Abbès]] ||سيدي بلعباس |style="text-align:center"|15 |style="text-align:center"|52 |{{convert|9,096|km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |style="text-align:right"|604,744 |{{convert|66|/km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |---- | 23 ||[[Annaba Province|Annaba]] ||عنابة |style="text-align:center"|6 |style="text-align:center"|12 |{{convert|1,439|km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |style="text-align:right"|609,499 |{{convert|424|/km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |---- | 24 ||[[Guelma Province|Guelma]] ||قالمة |style="text-align:center"| 10 |style="text-align:center"|34 |{{convert|4,101|km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |style="text-align:right"|482,430 |{{convert|118|/km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |---- | 25 ||[[Constantine Province|Constantine]] ||قسنطينة |style="text-align:center"|6 |style="text-align:center"|12 |{{convert|2,187|km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |style="text-align:right"|938,475 |{{convert|427|/km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |---- | 26 ||[[Médéa Province|Médéa]] ||المدية |style="text-align:center"|19 |style="text-align:center"|64 |{{convert|8,866|km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |style="text-align:right"|819,932 |{{convert|92|/km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |---- | 27 ||[[Mostaganem Province|Mostaganem]] ||مستغانم |style="text-align:center"|10 |style="text-align:center"|32 |{{convert|2,175|km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |style="text-align:right"|737,118 |{{convert|325|/km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |---- | 28 ||[[M'Sila Province|M'Sila]] ||المسيلة |style="text-align:center"|15 |style="text-align:center"|47 |{{convert|18,718|km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |style="text-align:right"|990,591 |{{convert|53|/km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |---- | 29 ||[[Mascara Province|Mascara]] ||معسكر |style="text-align:center"|16 |style="text-align:center"|47 |{{convert|5,941|km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |style="text-align:right"|784,073 |{{convert|132|/km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |---- | 30 ||[[Ouargla Province|Ouargla]] ||ورقلة |style="text-align:center"|10 |style="text-align:center"|21 |{{convert|211,980|km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |style="text-align:right"|558,558 |{{convert|2.6 |/km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |---- | 31 ||[[Oran Province|Oran]] ||وهران |style="text-align:center"|9 |style="text-align:center"|26 |{{convert|2,121|km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |style="text-align:right"|1,454,078 |{{convert|688|/km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |---- | 32 ||[[El Bayadh Province|El Bayadh]] ||البيض |style="text-align:center"|8 |style="text-align:center"|22 |{{convert|78,870|km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |style="text-align:right"|228,624 |{{convert|3.2|/km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |---- | 33 ||[[Illizi Province|Illizi]] ||اليزي |style="text-align:center"|3 |style="text-align:center"|6 |{{convert|285,000|km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |style="text-align:right"|52,333 |{{convert|0.18|/km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |---- | 34 ||[[Bordj Bou Arréridj Province|Bordj Bou Arréridj]] ||برج بوعريريج |style="text-align:center"|10 |style="text-align:center"|34 |{{convert|4,115|km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |style="text-align:right"|628,475 |{{convert|160|/km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |---- | 35 ||[[Boumerdès Province|Boumerdès]] ||بومرداس |style="text-align:center"|9 |style="text-align:center"|32 |{{convert|1,356|km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |style="text-align:right"|802,083 |{{convert|504|/km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |---- | 36 ||[[El Taref Province|El Taref]] ||الطارف |style="text-align:center"|7 |style="text-align:center"|24 |{{convert|3,339|km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |style="text-align:right"|408,414 |{{convert|122|/km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |---- | 37 ||[[Tindouf Province|Tindouf]] ||تندوف |style="text-align:center"|1 |style="text-align:center"|2 |{{convert|159,000|km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |style="text-align:right"|49,149 |{{convert|0.31|/km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |---- | 38 ||[[Tissemsilt Province|Tissemsilt]] ||تسمسيلت |style="text-align:center"|8 |style="text-align:center"|22 |{{convert|3,152|km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |style="text-align:right"|294,476 |{{convert|93|/km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |---- | 39 ||[[El Oued Province|El Oued]] ||الوادي |style="text-align:center"|12 |style="text-align:center"|30 |{{convert|54,573|km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |style="text-align:right"|647,548 |{{convert|12|/km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |---- | 40 ||[[Khenchela Province|Khenchela]] ||خنشلة |style="text-align:center"|8 |style="text-align:center"|21 |{{convert|9,811|km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |style="text-align:right"|386,683 |{{convert|40|/km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |---- | 41 ||[[Souk Ahras Province|Souk Ahras]] ||سوق أهراس |style="text-align:center"|10 |style="text-align:center"|26 |{{convert|4,541|km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |style="text-align:right"|438,127 |{{convert|95|/km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |---- | 42 ||[[Tipaza Province|Tipaza]] ||تيبازة |style="text-align:center"|10 |style="text-align:center"|28 |{{convert|1,605|km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |style="text-align:right"|591,010 |{{convert|273|/km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |---- | 43 ||[[Mila Province|Mila]] ||ميلة |style="text-align:center"|13 |style="text-align:center"|32 |{{convert|3,407|km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |style="text-align:right"|766,886 |{{convert|220|/km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |---- | 44 ||[[Aïn Defla Province|Aïn Defla]] ||عين الدفلى |style="text-align:center"|14 |style="text-align:center"|36 |{{convert|4,891|km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |style="text-align:right"|766,013 |{{convert|156|/km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |---- | 45 ||[[Naâma Province|Naâma]] ||النعامة |style="text-align:center"|7 |style="text-align:center"|12 |{{convert|29,950|km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |style="text-align:right"|192,891 |{{convert|6.5|/km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |---- | 46 ||[[Aïn Témouchent Province|Aïn Témouchent]] ||عين تموشنت |style="text-align:center"|8 |style="text-align:center"|28 |{{convert|2,379|km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |style="text-align:right"|371,239 |{{convert|156|/km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |---- | 47 ||[[Ghardaïa Province|Ghardaïa]] ||غرداية |style="text-align:center"|9 |style="text-align:center"|13 |{{convert|86,105|km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |style="text-align:right"|363,598 |{{convert|4.2|/km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |---- | 48 ||[[Relizane Province|Relizane]] ||غليزان |style="text-align:center"|13 |style="text-align:center"|38 |{{convert|4,870|km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |style="text-align:right"|726,180 |{{convert|152|/km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |-class="sortbottom" style="background:#EEF" | Total ||[[Algérie]] ||الجزائر |style="text-align:center"|547 |style="text-align:center"|1541 |{{convert|2,381,741|km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |style="text-align:right"|34,080,030 |{{convert|14|/km2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |} ==sido Kale fiiri== * [[Afrika]] * [[André Chouraqui]] ==Xogta== {{Tixraac}} {{commonscat|Algeria|Aljeeriya}} {{gumud}} {{Dalalka Afrika}} [[Category:Wadamada Afrika]] k9m8lrd8jfoe1todxtldb7p8q9rq91c Itoobiya 0 1816 239747 239680 2022-08-10T11:02:07Z Mwasoge 29030 /* Waddamha Deggan Abyssinia */ wikitext text/x-wiki {{Dalalka |native_name = Itoobiya |conventional_long_name = ''Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia'' |common_name = Itoobiya |qaarada = [[Afrika]] |sawir_calan = Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg |sawir_qaran = Coat_of_arms_of_Ethiopia.svg |astaan_calan = [[Astaanta Calanka Itoobiya|Wodefit Gesgeshi, Widd Innat Ityopp'ya]] |image_map = Ethiopia in its region.svg |caasimada = [[Addis Abeba]] |luuqadaha = [[Amxaari]]<br />[[soomaali]]<br />[[Af-oromo]] <br />[[af Tigreey]] |Dawladda = &nbsp; |darajo_hogaamiye1 = [[Madaxweyne]] |darajo_hogaamiye2 = [[Ra'iisul wasaare]] |magac_hogaamiye1 = [[Sahle-Work Zewde]] |magac_hogaamiye2 = [[Abiy Ahmed]], |sovereignty_type = |sovereignty_note = |established_event1 = |established_date1 = |area = 637,661 |areami² = 246,201 |biyo = 7.8% |population_estimate = 102,474,625 |population_estimate_year = 2015 |lacagta = [[Birr]] |wakhti = [[East Africa Time|EAT]] |furaha_wadanka lagu galo = 251 |footnote1 = |footnote2 = }} '''Itoobiya''' ({{IPAc-en|ˌ|iː|θ|i|ˈ|oʊ|p|i|ə}}; {{lang-am|ኢትዮጵያ}}, ''{{transl|am|ʾĪtyōṗṗyā}}'', {{audio|Ityopya.ogg|dhageyso codka}}) sida rasmiga ah loo yaqaanno '''Jamhuuriyadda Dimuqraadiga Federaalka Itoobiya''', waa wadan ku yaal [[Geeska Afrika]], waxa uuna xuduud la leeyahay wadamada [[Jabuuti]], [[Suudaan]], [[Ereteriya]], [[Soomaaliya]] iyo [[Kiinya]]. Caasimada Itoobiya waa [[Addis Abeba]]. Wakhtiga gumeysiga, dagaal badan baa udhaxeeyey dawladda Darwiish ee abaanduul guud ka ahaa [[Ismaaciil Mire]] iyo Menelik II. Itoobiya waa wadan weyn oo bad laheen, waxa uu leeyahay 4 wabi oo waaweyn kuwaas oo kala ah:- wabiga [[Niil]], [[omo]], [[Awash]], iyo [[Wabiga Shabeelle]]. Itoobiya markeeda hore waxaa la dhihi jiray (Abessinia), laakiin waxaa lagu bedelay itoobiya, oo micnaheedu yahay (mugdi ama waji gubtay). Waayadii hore madaxdii gariis iyo Roman. waxee la shaqeen jireen madaxda itoobiyaanka. == Juquraafi == [[File:Life in Ethiopia.jpg|thumb|left|Itoobiya]] [[File:Bete_Giyorgis_Lalibela_Ethiopia.jpg|thumb|193px|Waa meel kaniisad ah, waxee addis ababa u jirt 640 km. ]] [[File:Bet_Giyorgis_church_Lalibela_01.jpg|thumb|194px|Kaniidaha waaween, oo ku yaalo itoobiya]] [[File:Gonder.jpg|thumb|195Px|Boqortii itooiyaanka Gurigoodii]] [[File:Mosque_in_Harar,_Ethiopia.jpg|thumb|196|Misaajid ku yaalo, magaalada Haraar]] [[File:Selassie_restored.jpg|thumb|mid ka mid ah, boqortii itoobiya]] Itoobiya waxee ku taalaa [[Geeska afrika]], waxeena xuduud la leedahay, wadamada, [[Eratareya]], [[Jabuuti]], [[Soomaaliya]], [[Kiinya]] iyo [[Suudaan]]. Itoobiya waxaa dhaxmaro, wabiga ween ee looyaqaan [[Wabiga Niil]]. Itoobiya waxaa ka baxo Bun iyo qamadi. Eratareya sida ee uga go'day itoobiya wax xeeb ah badda kumalahan. == Jawiga == [[File:Saldanada Huwan - Huwan Sultanate.png|thumb|left|]] Itoobiya waa dhul cagaaran laakiin waqooyiga itoobiya aad ayee u kulushahay, roob badan maka dao. Xili yaasha oo roobka ka dao itoobiya waxaa ka mid ah, bisha maarso iyo abriil, oo roob aad u yar ka dao, [[juun]] ilaa [[Sebteembar]] neh, waxaa ka dao roob xoogaa ween. Waqooyiga itoobiya waa meel qaleel ah, meelo badan oo ka mid ah neh waxaa lagu magacaabay, meesha aduunka uugu kulul. Gobalka somaalidu waa gobalka 2 aad ee ugu wayn dalka ethiopia marka laga reebo gobalka oromia. Waana qowmiyada 3 aad somalidu ee ugu badan dalka ethipoa. 1 oromada. 2 Amharada. 3 Somaalida. 4 Tigrey. == shacabka == Wadanka itoobiya, . Waxaa u badan [[Oromo]] 40 % iyo [[Amxaaro]] 25 % [[Soomaaliya|Soomaalinta]] waa 20% Kuwa kale oo 6 % ah waa Tigrayga. == Luqadaha == Dadka degen wadanka Itoobiya waxee ku hadlaan luqado gaaraayo 67 ilaa 79 luqadood oo kamidtahay afka soomaaliga.!!~? Luqada ugu ween oo lagu wada hadlo waa [[Amxaari]]. == Diimaha laga caabudo == Itoobiya waxaa laga caabudaa diimo aad u badan. 45% waa krishtaan, 51% neh, waa Muslimiin. 3,2 % neh waa diimo kale, oo laga caabudo. == Kalandar == Itoobiya waxee leedahay, [[kalandar]] u gooni ah. Sanadkooda waa 13 bilood, 11 [[Sebteembar]] waa maalinta uugu horeeyso sanadka. 12 sebteembar waa maalinta labaad markii oo buleerka la riday. Kalanderka itoobiya, waxoo raacsanyahay, waqtigii oo nabi ciise, dhashtay kadib. 8 sano ee ka danbeeyaan kalanderka wadamada galbeedka. ayaga marka ee sanadkooda cusub 2003 ee soo dhaweenaayaan, wadamada galbeedka waxee u tahay 11 sebteembar [[2010.]] == Dhaqaale == Itoobiya waxee ku dadaaloosa kordhinta dhaqaaloheeda, waxeena sanadihii nasoo dhaafay noqotay wadanka kaliya ee qaarada afrika oo wax saliid ah ku xirneen oo dhaqaalohiisa kor u kacay. Dhinaca kale siyaasiinta itoobiya ma ku dadaalaan horumarinta bulshada ku nool dalka itoobiya. Wadanka itoobiya waxaa ka jirto abaar aad u badan, waana wadan beero iyo wabiyaal badan leh. Dadka ku nool itoobiya 100kiiba 80 waa reer baadiye. Marka aa fiirino gobolka soomaali galbeed kaliya, run ahaantii gobolkaan waa gobol ismaamulo, oo wax caawin ah ka helin siyaasiinta itoobiya, waxaana ka jiro dagaal. Waxaa u maleenaa dhaqaalaha gobolkaan in ee ku tiirsantahay dalka soomaaliya, sababto ah, waxyaabaha laga gado dalka soomaaliya, wee ka raqiisanyihiin kuwa itoobiyaanka. == Cafimaad == Wadanka itoobiya wuxuu ka mid yahay wadamada Afrika cudarka HIV AIDS-ka saamayn aad u weyn ku yeeshay. == Taariikh == [Geeska Africa intee dhacdaaa Itobiya Fascinating Ethiopia]. ==Xubin== * [[Midowga Afrika]] * * * [[Qaramada Midoobay]] * * ==Waddamha Deggan Abyssinia== * {{Flag|Brazil}} 200+* {{Flag|Japan}} 25,000+ *{{Flag|Turkey}} 12,000+ * {{Flag|Bangladesh}} 1,200+ * {{Flag|Arab League}} 125,000+[<ref>https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/a/Arabic_language.htm</ref>] * {{Flag|Pakistan}} 25,000+ * {{Flag|Eritrea}} 11,100+ * {{Flag|Somalia}} 12,500+ * {{Flag|Djibouti}} 13,000+ * {{Flag|Great Britain}} 520+ *'''🇪🇺 Europeans''': 135,300+ <ref>https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/e/European_Union.htm</ref>. * {{Flag|United States}} 1500+;+ * {{Flag|Taiwan}} 12,000+++ * {{Flag|South Africa}} 1200+ * {{Flag|Russian Federation}} 25,000 [<ref>https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/p/People%2527s_Republic_of_China.htm</ref>] * [https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/101996126 Fascinating Ethiopia] * [https://www.jw.org/en/library/bible/nwt/bible-glossary/#p99 Ethiopia] {{commonscat|Ethiopia|Itoobiya}} {{Dalalka Afrika}} [[Category:Itoobiya]] 76uy0nuwd1hjhj73fa6g2asrebissx2 Hargeysa 0 2280 239729 226214 2022-08-09T13:25:07Z EnsiklopediaXylon 31252 wikitext text/x-wiki {{pp-move-indef}} {{Infobox settlement | official_name = Hargeysa | native_name = {{native name|en|Hargeisa}}<br />{{native name|ar|هرجيسا|italic=no}} | other_name = | settlement_type = [[Caasimad]] | image_skyline = {{Photomontage | photo1a = HargeisaDrone.jpg|thumb|Hargeisa via drone shot | photo2a = Hargeisa street.jpg{{!}}Hargeisa downtown | photo2b = Naasa Hablood - Virgin's Breast Mountain, Hargeisa, Somalilanad.jpg{{!}}Naasa Hablood | photo3a = Hargeysa1.jpg{{!}}Hargeisa | photo3b = Hargaysa3.jpg{{!}}Hargeisa | photo4a = Hargeisa capital of Somaliland.jpg|px300{{!}}Aerial view of Hargeisa City Somaliland | color = white | color_border = white | position = center | spacing = 2 | size = 266 }} | image_caption = | image_flag = Flag of Hargeisa.svg | image_seal = Hargeisa Local Government Logo.svg | blank_emblem_type = Astaanta golaha deegaanka caasimada Hargeysa | pushpin_map = Somaliland#Africa | pushpin_label_position = right | pushpin_map_caption = Location in Somaliland | pushpin_relief = yes | coordinates = {{coord|9|33|47|N|44|4|3|E|region:SO-Mu|display=inline,title}} | subdivision_type1 = Wadanka | subdivision_type3 = | subdivision_name1 = {{flag|Somaliland}} | subdivision_name2 = [[Somaliland]] | subdivision_name3 = | subdivision_type4 = [[Gobolada Somaliland|Gobolka]] | subdivision_name4 = [[Maroodi Jeex]] | subdivision_type5 = [[Gobolada Somaliland|Degmada]] | subdivision_name5 = [[Degmada Hargeysa]] | government_footnotes = | government_type = | leader_title = Duqa | leader_name = Cadiraxmaan Maxmoud Caydiid | unit_pref = Metric | area_footnotes = | area_magnitude = | area_total_km2 = 78 | area_land_km2 = | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = 1,334 | population_total = 1,200,000 | population_as_of = 2019 | population_footnotes = <ref>https://www.thebrenthurstfoundation.org/downloads/hargeisa_discussion-paper-04-2019-hargeisa-somaliland-invisible-city.pdf</ref> | population_density_km2 = 1,600 | population_density_sq_mi = 3,000 | population_note = | postal_code_type = | postal_code = | area_code = +252 | website = | timezone = [[East Africa Time|EAT]] | utc_offset = +3 | timezone_DST = | utc_offset_DST = | name = | population_demonym = Hargeisan;<br>Hargeysawi }} '''Hargeysa''' ama '''Hargaysa''' ({{lang-en| Hargeisa}} {{lang-ar|هرجيسا}}<ref>{{Cite web |ciwaan=Jubba Airways, 18 July 2013 |url=http://jubba-airways.com/destinations/hargeisa.aspx |access-date=22 Bisha Koobaad 2013 |archive-date=22 Bisha Koobaad 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130122160435/http://jubba-airways.com/destinations/hargeisa.aspx |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=Somalia: largest cities and towns and statistics of their population | url=http://www.world-gazetteer.com/wg.php?x=1350565654&lng=fr&des=gamelan&geo=-198&srt=pnan&col=abcdefghinoq&msz=1500&men=gcis&lng=en | work=world-gazetteer.com | accessdate=October 19, 2012 | ciwaan=Nuqul Archive | archive-date=Bisha Labaad 9, 2013 | archive-url=https://archive.today/20130209154514/http://www.world-gazetteer.com/wg.php?x=1350565654&lng=fr&des=gamelan&geo=-198&srt=pnan&col=abcdefghinoq&msz=1500&men=gcis&lng=en | dead-url=yes }}</ref>) waa caasimada dalka [[Somaliland]]. <ref>[http://wardheernews.com/Articles_2010/June/Buh/29_Somaliland_recognition_&_the_HBM-SSC_Factor.html {{Wayback|url=http://wardheernews.com/Articles_2010/June/Buh/29_Somaliland_recognition_%26_the_HBM-SSC_Factor.html |date=20120528122058 }} Somaliland’s Quest for International Recognition and the HBM-SSC Factor</ref> Wakhtiyadii hore, magaalada Hargaysa waxay ka tirsanayd maamulkii Saldanadii Cadal ee ka arimin jirey deegaano badan ee ku taala Somaliland. [[Ingiriis|Boqortooyadii Ingiriiska]] ayaa magaalada [[Berbera]] ka dhigay magaalo madaxdii British Somaliland, waxa sanadkii 1941 lagu wareejiyay magaalo madaxda caasimada Hargeysa. Sannadkii 1960 waxay madaxbanaani heshay ilaaladii gobolada Waqooyi kuwaasi oo la midoobay Koonfurta Soomaaliya, sidaasi ayaa Hargaysa ku dhaaftey magaalo madaxnimadi. Laakiin waxay magaaladu ahayd mid ka mid ah magaalooyinka ugu wayn Soomaaliya.<ref name="Wssom1">[http://www.worldstatesmen.org/Somalia.html Worldstatesmen – Somalia]</ref><ref name="Encyclopædia Britannica 2002 p.835">Encyclopædia Britannica, ''The New Encyclopædia Britannica'', (Encyclopædia Britannica: 2002), p.835</ref>Kadib markii ay Soomaaliya ka dhacday dagaal sokeeye ayay sanadkii 1991 noqotay caasimadda jamhuuriyadda Somaliland. Si kastaba ha ahaate, magaalada Hargeysa waxay dhacdaa dooxada [[Galgodon]] ee deegaanada [[Oogo]], waxayna magaaladu ka saraysaa biyaha bada joog dhan 4,377 mitir. Juquraafi ahaan magaalada Hargeysa waxay saaran tahay buuro, dooxyo iyo deegaan caro bataax leh. Si la mid ah magaalooyinka kale ee ku yaala Somaliland, dhismayaasha magaalada Hargaysa waxay caan ku yihiin farshaxanka iyo qurxinta dhagaxa dabiiciga ah ee laga helo buuraha ku hareersan magaalada. Guud ahaan, magaalada Hargeysa waa tan ugu bulshada badan magaalooyinka Somaliland, waxaana ku nool caasimadan dad tiradoodi gaadhto in kabadan 1.2 milyan. Deegaanka magaaladan waxaa aad uga baxa geedka [[tiin]]ka. Wixii ka dhacay Soomaaliya [[1988]] malaha waa ka sii foolxun. Markii Hargeysa la duqeeyay ayaa dadkii deganaa lagu khasbay inay qaxaan. Askarta ayaa markaas miinooyin ku aasay guryihii laga tagay. Markii uu dagaalku dhammaaday ayay qaxootigii dib u laabteen, balse waxaa lagu naafeeyay ama lagu dilay qaraxyo qarsoon.<ref>[https://www.jw.org/en/library/magazines/g20000508/Land-Mines-Weighing-the-Cost/ Land Mines—Weighing the Cost]</ref> =Juquraafiga= ==Goobta iyo deegaanka== Hargeysi waxay ku taal dhul buuraley ah, dooxana waa dooxa waqooyi galbeed ee [[Galgodon]] (Ogo) buuraleyda ah. Waxay ku fadhidaa meel sare oo ah 1,334 mitir (4,377 cagood) oo ka sarreysa heerka baddam. Magaaladu waxay ahaan jirtay mid ku hareeraysan kayn marka ay ka yaraato kaynta, laakiin baadiyaha ku hareeraysan ayaa weli leh juniber yar yar. Hargeysa agteeda waxa ku yaal buuraleyda Sheekh iyo Buuraha Daallo, oo ay ka da'aan roobab aad u badan. Koonfurta magaalada waxa ku taal Haud safana (Baligubadle), kaas oo soo jiita noocyo badan oo duurjoogta ah si ay u daaqaan aagga. Hargeysa waxay ku taal meel u dhow magaalada Gabiley, oo u adeegta sidii xarun beeralay ah oo ku taal [[Soomaaliland]]. Deegaanka Allay-Baday ee magaaladaas waxa ka soo baxa tamaandho iyo basasha bil kasta xilliyada roobka. Magaalada Arabsiyo sidoo kale waxay ku taal meel u dhow, waxaana lagu xusay soo saarideeda liin. Bacrinnimada iyo cagaarka uu leeyahay awgeed, waxa deegaanka Hargeysa u yimaadda [[xayawaan]]ka duur-joogta ah si ay u tarmaan ama u daaqaan dhulka doogga ah. Xayawaanka laga heli karo qaybaha miyiga ah ee magaalada waxaa ka mid ah kuduga,dhogorta duurjoogta, dameerka duurjoogta Soomaaliyeed, warthog,  antelopes, idaha Soomaaliyeed, ri’, geel iyo noocyo badan oo shimbiro ah oo kala duwan. Waxa kale oo jira tiro ka mid ah maamulayaasha guud iyo kuwa gaarka ah labadaba. Koonfurta Hargeysa waa dhul doog ah, kaas oo soo jiita noocyada duurjoogta ah ee deegaanka, oo ay ku jiraan libaaxyo iyo shabeel. =Magaca= Sida ilo badani isku raaceen magaca Hargeysa wuxuu asal ahaan ka yimid ereyga ''"harga-geeya"'' oo ka turjumaya in horaantii Hargaysa ahaan jirtey meel loo soo iib keeno [[harag]]a xoolaha.<ref name="Briggs">{{cite book|last=Briggs|first=Philip|title=Somaliland: With Addis Ababa & Eastern Ethiopia|year=2012|publisher=Bradt Travel Guides|isbn=1841623717|page=10|url=http://books.google.ca/books?id=M6NI2FejIuwC&pg=PA10#v=onepage&q&f=false}}</ref> Ilo kale waxay ku waramaan in magaca Hargeysa ka yimid erey Af-[[Oromo]] ah kaasi oo la micno ah ''"meeshii tiinka badneyd"''. Ilo kale waxay waliba ku waramaan in magaca Hargeysa ka yimid "Harar as-Saqiir"" oo ay micneheedi ay tahay Hererkii yaraa ee luqada af Carabiga. ===Taariikh=== In kastoo aan la haynin taariikh xaqiiqo ah, waxaa la aaminsan yahay in Hargaysa uu aasaasay [[Sheekh Madar]] qiyaastii 1800, wakhtigaasi oo sheekhu ka dhisay maqaam xereed iyo meel lagu nasto marka loo socdo magaalada [[Saylac]] ama [[Herer]].<ref name="Encyclopaedia Aethiopica">{{cite journal | last =Ficadorey | first =Gianfranco | title =Ha | journal =Basic Reference | volume =3 | issue = | page =1032 | publisher =Thomson/Gale | location = NY, USA | year =2008 | url =http://books.google.ca/books?id=X38lxaUjm1MC&pg=PA1032&lpg=PA1032&dq=hargeisa+little+harar&source=bl&ots=Q91FLxkfKY&sig=z5JQxNvRhi5g8V_wpyQz1x4-9_Y&hl=en&sa=X&ei=WbdwULzUGNGC0QG81YH4CQ&ved=0CEQQ6AEwBA#v=onepage&q=hargeisa%20little%20harar&f=false}}</ref> {{Weather box|location = Hargeisa |metric first = yes |single line = yes |Jan record high C = 22 |Feb record high C = 22 |Mar record high C = 22 |Apr record high C = 22 |May record high C = 22 |Jun record high C = 29 |Jul record high C = 29 |Aug record high C = 29 |Sep record high C = 22 |Oct record high C = 32 |Nov record high C = 22 |Dec record high C = 32 |Jan high C = 28.5 |Feb high C = 29.3 |Mar high C = 28.7 |Apr high C = 27.7 |May high C = 27.2 |Jun high C = 26.9 |Jul high C = 26.7 |Aug high C = 27.2 |Sep high C = 27.9 |Oct high C = 27.7 |Nov high C = 27.4 |Dec high C = 28 |year high C = 27.8 |Jan mean C=22.7 |Feb mean C=22.6 |Mar mean C=22.6 |Apr mean C=21.9 |May mean C=21.4 |Jun mean C=21 |Jul mean C=20.6 |Aug mean C=20.9 |Sep mean C=21.3 |Oct mean C=21.8 |Nov mean C=21.9 |Dec mean C=21.9 |Jan low C = 17.9 |Feb low C = 18.3 |Mar low C = 18.2 |Apr low C = 18.1 |May low C = 17.9 |Jun low C = 17.7 |Jul low C = 17.2 |Aug low C = 17.0 |Sep low C = 17.2 |Oct low C = 17.5 |Nov low C = 17.5 |Dec low C = 17.8 |year low C = 17.7 |Jan record low C = 12 |Feb record low C = 14 |Mar record low C = 13 |Apr record low C = 14 |May record low C = 15 |Jun record low C = 12 |Jul record low C = 12 |Aug record low C = 12 |Sep record low C = 13 |Oct record low C = 13 |Nov record low C = 14 |Dec record low C = 12 |rain colour=green |Jan rain mm = 71 |Feb rain mm = 54 |Mar rain mm = 119 |Apr rain mm = 174 |May rain mm = 124 |Jun rain mm = 66 |Jul rain mm = 56 |Aug rain mm = 91 |Sep rain mm = 106 |Oct rain mm = 126 |Nov rain mm = 152 |Dec rain mm = 86 |year rain mm = 1225 |unit rain days = 1 mm |Jan rain days = 7 |Feb rain days = 8 |Mar rain days = 12 |Apr rain days = 16 |May rain days = 13 |Jun rain days = 8 |Jul rain days = 7 |Aug rain days = 9 |Sep rain days = 11 |Oct rain days = 15 |Nov rain days = 14 |Dec rain days = 10 |year rain days = 130 |Jan humidity = 66 |Feb humidity = 68.5 |Mar humidity = 73 |Apr humidity = 78.5 |May humidity = 80.5 |Jun humidity = 78.5 |Jul humidity = 77.5 |Aug humidity = 77.5 |Sep humidity = 75.5 |Oct humidity = 73.5 |Nov humidity = 73 |Dec humidity = 71.5 |year humidity = 74.5 |Jan sun = 155 |Feb sun = 170 |Mar sun = 155 |Apr sun = 120 |May sun = 124 |Jun sun = 180 |Jul sun = 186 |Aug sun = 155 |Sep sun = 150 |Oct sun = 155 |Nov sun = 150 |Dec sun = 124 |year sun = 1824 |source 1 = ''[[World Meteorological Organization]]'',<ref name = WMO>{{cite web | url = http://worldweather.wmo.int/168/c01328.htm | title = World Weather Information Service - Kampala | accessdate = April 30, 2013 | publisher = World Meteorological Organization}}</ref> ''Climate-Data.org'' for mean temperatures |source 2 = ''BBC Weather''<ref name="weather1">{{cite web | url = http://www.bbc.co.uk/weather/232422 | title = Average Conditions Kampala, Uganda | accessdate = April 30, 2013 | publisher = BBC Weather}}</ref> |date=August 2019 }} =Tixraac= {{Reflist}} ==Sido kale fiiri== * [[Muqdisho]] * [[Kambaala]] * [[Addis Abeba]] * [[Jabuuti]] {{Magaalooyinka Gobolka Woqooyi Galbeed}} [[Category:Magaalo]] [[Category:Somaliland]] [[Category:Caasimadaha Afrika]] i9krtfqixw6mmoneamoqmf197kr2wam 239730 239729 2022-08-09T13:25:29Z EnsiklopediaXylon 31252 /* Tixraac */ wikitext text/x-wiki {{pp-move-indef}} {{Infobox settlement | official_name = Hargeysa | native_name = {{native name|en|Hargeisa}}<br />{{native name|ar|هرجيسا|italic=no}} | other_name = | settlement_type = [[Caasimad]] | image_skyline = {{Photomontage | photo1a = HargeisaDrone.jpg|thumb|Hargeisa via drone shot | photo2a = Hargeisa street.jpg{{!}}Hargeisa downtown | photo2b = Naasa Hablood - Virgin's Breast Mountain, Hargeisa, Somalilanad.jpg{{!}}Naasa Hablood | photo3a = Hargeysa1.jpg{{!}}Hargeisa | photo3b = Hargaysa3.jpg{{!}}Hargeisa | photo4a = Hargeisa capital of Somaliland.jpg|px300{{!}}Aerial view of Hargeisa City Somaliland | color = white | color_border = white | position = center | spacing = 2 | size = 266 }} | image_caption = | image_flag = Flag of Hargeisa.svg | image_seal = Hargeisa Local Government Logo.svg | blank_emblem_type = Astaanta golaha deegaanka caasimada Hargeysa | pushpin_map = Somaliland#Africa | pushpin_label_position = right | pushpin_map_caption = Location in Somaliland | pushpin_relief = yes | coordinates = {{coord|9|33|47|N|44|4|3|E|region:SO-Mu|display=inline,title}} | subdivision_type1 = Wadanka | subdivision_type3 = | subdivision_name1 = {{flag|Somaliland}} | subdivision_name2 = [[Somaliland]] | subdivision_name3 = | subdivision_type4 = [[Gobolada Somaliland|Gobolka]] | subdivision_name4 = [[Maroodi Jeex]] | subdivision_type5 = [[Gobolada Somaliland|Degmada]] | subdivision_name5 = [[Degmada Hargeysa]] | government_footnotes = | government_type = | leader_title = Duqa | leader_name = Cadiraxmaan Maxmoud Caydiid | unit_pref = Metric | area_footnotes = | area_magnitude = | area_total_km2 = 78 | area_land_km2 = | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = 1,334 | population_total = 1,200,000 | population_as_of = 2019 | population_footnotes = <ref>https://www.thebrenthurstfoundation.org/downloads/hargeisa_discussion-paper-04-2019-hargeisa-somaliland-invisible-city.pdf</ref> | population_density_km2 = 1,600 | population_density_sq_mi = 3,000 | population_note = | postal_code_type = | postal_code = | area_code = +252 | website = | timezone = [[East Africa Time|EAT]] | utc_offset = +3 | timezone_DST = | utc_offset_DST = | name = | population_demonym = Hargeisan;<br>Hargeysawi }} '''Hargeysa''' ama '''Hargaysa''' ({{lang-en| Hargeisa}} {{lang-ar|هرجيسا}}<ref>{{Cite web |ciwaan=Jubba Airways, 18 July 2013 |url=http://jubba-airways.com/destinations/hargeisa.aspx |access-date=22 Bisha Koobaad 2013 |archive-date=22 Bisha Koobaad 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130122160435/http://jubba-airways.com/destinations/hargeisa.aspx |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=Somalia: largest cities and towns and statistics of their population | url=http://www.world-gazetteer.com/wg.php?x=1350565654&lng=fr&des=gamelan&geo=-198&srt=pnan&col=abcdefghinoq&msz=1500&men=gcis&lng=en | work=world-gazetteer.com | accessdate=October 19, 2012 | ciwaan=Nuqul Archive | archive-date=Bisha Labaad 9, 2013 | archive-url=https://archive.today/20130209154514/http://www.world-gazetteer.com/wg.php?x=1350565654&lng=fr&des=gamelan&geo=-198&srt=pnan&col=abcdefghinoq&msz=1500&men=gcis&lng=en | dead-url=yes }}</ref>) waa caasimada dalka [[Somaliland]]. <ref>[http://wardheernews.com/Articles_2010/June/Buh/29_Somaliland_recognition_&_the_HBM-SSC_Factor.html {{Wayback|url=http://wardheernews.com/Articles_2010/June/Buh/29_Somaliland_recognition_%26_the_HBM-SSC_Factor.html |date=20120528122058 }} Somaliland’s Quest for International Recognition and the HBM-SSC Factor</ref> Wakhtiyadii hore, magaalada Hargaysa waxay ka tirsanayd maamulkii Saldanadii Cadal ee ka arimin jirey deegaano badan ee ku taala Somaliland. [[Ingiriis|Boqortooyadii Ingiriiska]] ayaa magaalada [[Berbera]] ka dhigay magaalo madaxdii British Somaliland, waxa sanadkii 1941 lagu wareejiyay magaalo madaxda caasimada Hargeysa. Sannadkii 1960 waxay madaxbanaani heshay ilaaladii gobolada Waqooyi kuwaasi oo la midoobay Koonfurta Soomaaliya, sidaasi ayaa Hargaysa ku dhaaftey magaalo madaxnimadi. Laakiin waxay magaaladu ahayd mid ka mid ah magaalooyinka ugu wayn Soomaaliya.<ref name="Wssom1">[http://www.worldstatesmen.org/Somalia.html Worldstatesmen – Somalia]</ref><ref name="Encyclopædia Britannica 2002 p.835">Encyclopædia Britannica, ''The New Encyclopædia Britannica'', (Encyclopædia Britannica: 2002), p.835</ref>Kadib markii ay Soomaaliya ka dhacday dagaal sokeeye ayay sanadkii 1991 noqotay caasimadda jamhuuriyadda Somaliland. Si kastaba ha ahaate, magaalada Hargeysa waxay dhacdaa dooxada [[Galgodon]] ee deegaanada [[Oogo]], waxayna magaaladu ka saraysaa biyaha bada joog dhan 4,377 mitir. Juquraafi ahaan magaalada Hargeysa waxay saaran tahay buuro, dooxyo iyo deegaan caro bataax leh. Si la mid ah magaalooyinka kale ee ku yaala Somaliland, dhismayaasha magaalada Hargaysa waxay caan ku yihiin farshaxanka iyo qurxinta dhagaxa dabiiciga ah ee laga helo buuraha ku hareersan magaalada. Guud ahaan, magaalada Hargeysa waa tan ugu bulshada badan magaalooyinka Somaliland, waxaana ku nool caasimadan dad tiradoodi gaadhto in kabadan 1.2 milyan. Deegaanka magaaladan waxaa aad uga baxa geedka [[tiin]]ka. Wixii ka dhacay Soomaaliya [[1988]] malaha waa ka sii foolxun. Markii Hargeysa la duqeeyay ayaa dadkii deganaa lagu khasbay inay qaxaan. Askarta ayaa markaas miinooyin ku aasay guryihii laga tagay. Markii uu dagaalku dhammaaday ayay qaxootigii dib u laabteen, balse waxaa lagu naafeeyay ama lagu dilay qaraxyo qarsoon.<ref>[https://www.jw.org/en/library/magazines/g20000508/Land-Mines-Weighing-the-Cost/ Land Mines—Weighing the Cost]</ref> =Juquraafiga= ==Goobta iyo deegaanka== Hargeysi waxay ku taal dhul buuraley ah, dooxana waa dooxa waqooyi galbeed ee [[Galgodon]] (Ogo) buuraleyda ah. Waxay ku fadhidaa meel sare oo ah 1,334 mitir (4,377 cagood) oo ka sarreysa heerka baddam. Magaaladu waxay ahaan jirtay mid ku hareeraysan kayn marka ay ka yaraato kaynta, laakiin baadiyaha ku hareeraysan ayaa weli leh juniber yar yar. Hargeysa agteeda waxa ku yaal buuraleyda Sheekh iyo Buuraha Daallo, oo ay ka da'aan roobab aad u badan. Koonfurta magaalada waxa ku taal Haud safana (Baligubadle), kaas oo soo jiita noocyo badan oo duurjoogta ah si ay u daaqaan aagga. Hargeysa waxay ku taal meel u dhow magaalada Gabiley, oo u adeegta sidii xarun beeralay ah oo ku taal [[Soomaaliland]]. Deegaanka Allay-Baday ee magaaladaas waxa ka soo baxa tamaandho iyo basasha bil kasta xilliyada roobka. Magaalada Arabsiyo sidoo kale waxay ku taal meel u dhow, waxaana lagu xusay soo saarideeda liin. Bacrinnimada iyo cagaarka uu leeyahay awgeed, waxa deegaanka Hargeysa u yimaadda [[xayawaan]]ka duur-joogta ah si ay u tarmaan ama u daaqaan dhulka doogga ah. Xayawaanka laga heli karo qaybaha miyiga ah ee magaalada waxaa ka mid ah kuduga,dhogorta duurjoogta, dameerka duurjoogta Soomaaliyeed, warthog,  antelopes, idaha Soomaaliyeed, ri’, geel iyo noocyo badan oo shimbiro ah oo kala duwan. Waxa kale oo jira tiro ka mid ah maamulayaasha guud iyo kuwa gaarka ah labadaba. Koonfurta Hargeysa waa dhul doog ah, kaas oo soo jiita noocyada duurjoogta ah ee deegaanka, oo ay ku jiraan libaaxyo iyo shabeel. =Magaca= Sida ilo badani isku raaceen magaca Hargeysa wuxuu asal ahaan ka yimid ereyga ''"harga-geeya"'' oo ka turjumaya in horaantii Hargaysa ahaan jirtey meel loo soo iib keeno [[harag]]a xoolaha.<ref name="Briggs">{{cite book|last=Briggs|first=Philip|title=Somaliland: With Addis Ababa & Eastern Ethiopia|year=2012|publisher=Bradt Travel Guides|isbn=1841623717|page=10|url=http://books.google.ca/books?id=M6NI2FejIuwC&pg=PA10#v=onepage&q&f=false}}</ref> Ilo kale waxay ku waramaan in magaca Hargeysa ka yimid erey Af-[[Oromo]] ah kaasi oo la micno ah ''"meeshii tiinka badneyd"''. Ilo kale waxay waliba ku waramaan in magaca Hargeysa ka yimid "Harar as-Saqiir"" oo ay micneheedi ay tahay Hererkii yaraa ee luqada af Carabiga. ===Taariikh=== In kastoo aan la haynin taariikh xaqiiqo ah, waxaa la aaminsan yahay in Hargaysa uu aasaasay [[Sheekh Madar]] qiyaastii 1800, wakhtigaasi oo sheekhu ka dhisay maqaam xereed iyo meel lagu nasto marka loo socdo magaalada [[Saylac]] ama [[Herer]].<ref name="Encyclopaedia Aethiopica">{{cite journal | last =Ficadorey | first =Gianfranco | title =Ha | journal =Basic Reference | volume =3 | issue = | page =1032 | publisher =Thomson/Gale | location = NY, USA | year =2008 | url =http://books.google.ca/books?id=X38lxaUjm1MC&pg=PA1032&lpg=PA1032&dq=hargeisa+little+harar&source=bl&ots=Q91FLxkfKY&sig=z5JQxNvRhi5g8V_wpyQz1x4-9_Y&hl=en&sa=X&ei=WbdwULzUGNGC0QG81YH4CQ&ved=0CEQQ6AEwBA#v=onepage&q=hargeisa%20little%20harar&f=false}}</ref> {{Weather box|location = Hargeisa |metric first = yes |single line = yes |Jan record high C = 22 |Feb record high C = 22 |Mar record high C = 22 |Apr record high C = 22 |May record high C = 22 |Jun record high C = 29 |Jul record high C = 29 |Aug record high C = 29 |Sep record high C = 22 |Oct record high C = 32 |Nov record high C = 22 |Dec record high C = 32 |Jan high C = 28.5 |Feb high C = 29.3 |Mar high C = 28.7 |Apr high C = 27.7 |May high C = 27.2 |Jun high C = 26.9 |Jul high C = 26.7 |Aug high C = 27.2 |Sep high C = 27.9 |Oct high C = 27.7 |Nov high C = 27.4 |Dec high C = 28 |year high C = 27.8 |Jan mean C=22.7 |Feb mean C=22.6 |Mar mean C=22.6 |Apr mean C=21.9 |May mean C=21.4 |Jun mean C=21 |Jul mean C=20.6 |Aug mean C=20.9 |Sep mean C=21.3 |Oct mean C=21.8 |Nov mean C=21.9 |Dec mean C=21.9 |Jan low C = 17.9 |Feb low C = 18.3 |Mar low C = 18.2 |Apr low C = 18.1 |May low C = 17.9 |Jun low C = 17.7 |Jul low C = 17.2 |Aug low C = 17.0 |Sep low C = 17.2 |Oct low C = 17.5 |Nov low C = 17.5 |Dec low C = 17.8 |year low C = 17.7 |Jan record low C = 12 |Feb record low C = 14 |Mar record low C = 13 |Apr record low C = 14 |May record low C = 15 |Jun record low C = 12 |Jul record low C = 12 |Aug record low C = 12 |Sep record low C = 13 |Oct record low C = 13 |Nov record low C = 14 |Dec record low C = 12 |rain colour=green |Jan rain mm = 71 |Feb rain mm = 54 |Mar rain mm = 119 |Apr rain mm = 174 |May rain mm = 124 |Jun rain mm = 66 |Jul rain mm = 56 |Aug rain mm = 91 |Sep rain mm = 106 |Oct rain mm = 126 |Nov rain mm = 152 |Dec rain mm = 86 |year rain mm = 1225 |unit rain days = 1 mm |Jan rain days = 7 |Feb rain days = 8 |Mar rain days = 12 |Apr rain days = 16 |May rain days = 13 |Jun rain days = 8 |Jul rain days = 7 |Aug rain days = 9 |Sep rain days = 11 |Oct rain days = 15 |Nov rain days = 14 |Dec rain days = 10 |year rain days = 130 |Jan humidity = 66 |Feb humidity = 68.5 |Mar humidity = 73 |Apr humidity = 78.5 |May humidity = 80.5 |Jun humidity = 78.5 |Jul humidity = 77.5 |Aug humidity = 77.5 |Sep humidity = 75.5 |Oct humidity = 73.5 |Nov humidity = 73 |Dec humidity = 71.5 |year humidity = 74.5 |Jan sun = 155 |Feb sun = 170 |Mar sun = 155 |Apr sun = 120 |May sun = 124 |Jun sun = 180 |Jul sun = 186 |Aug sun = 155 |Sep sun = 150 |Oct sun = 155 |Nov sun = 150 |Dec sun = 124 |year sun = 1824 |source 1 = ''[[World Meteorological Organization]]'',<ref name = WMO>{{cite web | url = http://worldweather.wmo.int/168/c01328.htm | title = World Weather Information Service - Kampala | accessdate = April 30, 2013 | publisher = World Meteorological Organization}}</ref> ''Climate-Data.org'' for mean temperatures |source 2 = ''BBC Weather''<ref name="weather1">{{cite web | url = http://www.bbc.co.uk/weather/232422 | title = Average Conditions Kampala, Uganda | accessdate = April 30, 2013 | publisher = BBC Weather}}</ref> |date=August 2019 }} =Tixraac= {{Reflist}} * [https://web.archive.org/*/http://www.hargeisamunicipality.org Hargeisa City Government web Site] (Archive) * [http://www.geographic.org/geographic_names/name.php?uni=-4566760&fid=5789&c=somalia Hargeisa, republic of somaliland] * [https://ontheworldmap.com/somaliland/city/hargeisa/ Maps of Hargeisa] ==Sido kale fiiri== * [[Muqdisho]] * [[Kambaala]] * [[Addis Abeba]] * [[Jabuuti]] {{Magaalooyinka Gobolka Woqooyi Galbeed}} [[Category:Magaalo]] [[Category:Somaliland]] [[Category:Caasimadaha Afrika]] g26u6p4kikfhu47tf05j48esspr9tc9 239731 239730 2022-08-09T13:27:02Z EnsiklopediaXylon 31252 /* Goobta iyo deegaanka */ wikitext text/x-wiki {{pp-move-indef}} {{Infobox settlement | official_name = Hargeysa | native_name = {{native name|en|Hargeisa}}<br />{{native name|ar|هرجيسا|italic=no}} | other_name = | settlement_type = [[Caasimad]] | image_skyline = {{Photomontage | photo1a = HargeisaDrone.jpg|thumb|Hargeisa via drone shot | photo2a = Hargeisa street.jpg{{!}}Hargeisa downtown | photo2b = Naasa Hablood - Virgin's Breast Mountain, Hargeisa, Somalilanad.jpg{{!}}Naasa Hablood | photo3a = Hargeysa1.jpg{{!}}Hargeisa | photo3b = Hargaysa3.jpg{{!}}Hargeisa | photo4a = Hargeisa capital of Somaliland.jpg|px300{{!}}Aerial view of Hargeisa City Somaliland | color = white | color_border = white | position = center | spacing = 2 | size = 266 }} | image_caption = | image_flag = Flag of Hargeisa.svg | image_seal = Hargeisa Local Government Logo.svg | blank_emblem_type = Astaanta golaha deegaanka caasimada Hargeysa | pushpin_map = Somaliland#Africa | pushpin_label_position = right | pushpin_map_caption = Location in Somaliland | pushpin_relief = yes | coordinates = {{coord|9|33|47|N|44|4|3|E|region:SO-Mu|display=inline,title}} | subdivision_type1 = Wadanka | subdivision_type3 = | subdivision_name1 = {{flag|Somaliland}} | subdivision_name2 = [[Somaliland]] | subdivision_name3 = | subdivision_type4 = [[Gobolada Somaliland|Gobolka]] | subdivision_name4 = [[Maroodi Jeex]] | subdivision_type5 = [[Gobolada Somaliland|Degmada]] | subdivision_name5 = [[Degmada Hargeysa]] | government_footnotes = | government_type = | leader_title = Duqa | leader_name = Cadiraxmaan Maxmoud Caydiid | unit_pref = Metric | area_footnotes = | area_magnitude = | area_total_km2 = 78 | area_land_km2 = | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = 1,334 | population_total = 1,200,000 | population_as_of = 2019 | population_footnotes = <ref>https://www.thebrenthurstfoundation.org/downloads/hargeisa_discussion-paper-04-2019-hargeisa-somaliland-invisible-city.pdf</ref> | population_density_km2 = 1,600 | population_density_sq_mi = 3,000 | population_note = | postal_code_type = | postal_code = | area_code = +252 | website = | timezone = [[East Africa Time|EAT]] | utc_offset = +3 | timezone_DST = | utc_offset_DST = | name = | population_demonym = Hargeisan;<br>Hargeysawi }} '''Hargeysa''' ama '''Hargaysa''' ({{lang-en| Hargeisa}} {{lang-ar|هرجيسا}}<ref>{{Cite web |ciwaan=Jubba Airways, 18 July 2013 |url=http://jubba-airways.com/destinations/hargeisa.aspx |access-date=22 Bisha Koobaad 2013 |archive-date=22 Bisha Koobaad 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130122160435/http://jubba-airways.com/destinations/hargeisa.aspx |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=Somalia: largest cities and towns and statistics of their population | url=http://www.world-gazetteer.com/wg.php?x=1350565654&lng=fr&des=gamelan&geo=-198&srt=pnan&col=abcdefghinoq&msz=1500&men=gcis&lng=en | work=world-gazetteer.com | accessdate=October 19, 2012 | ciwaan=Nuqul Archive | archive-date=Bisha Labaad 9, 2013 | archive-url=https://archive.today/20130209154514/http://www.world-gazetteer.com/wg.php?x=1350565654&lng=fr&des=gamelan&geo=-198&srt=pnan&col=abcdefghinoq&msz=1500&men=gcis&lng=en | dead-url=yes }}</ref>) waa caasimada dalka [[Somaliland]]. <ref>[http://wardheernews.com/Articles_2010/June/Buh/29_Somaliland_recognition_&_the_HBM-SSC_Factor.html {{Wayback|url=http://wardheernews.com/Articles_2010/June/Buh/29_Somaliland_recognition_%26_the_HBM-SSC_Factor.html |date=20120528122058 }} Somaliland’s Quest for International Recognition and the HBM-SSC Factor</ref> Wakhtiyadii hore, magaalada Hargaysa waxay ka tirsanayd maamulkii Saldanadii Cadal ee ka arimin jirey deegaano badan ee ku taala Somaliland. [[Ingiriis|Boqortooyadii Ingiriiska]] ayaa magaalada [[Berbera]] ka dhigay magaalo madaxdii British Somaliland, waxa sanadkii 1941 lagu wareejiyay magaalo madaxda caasimada Hargeysa. Sannadkii 1960 waxay madaxbanaani heshay ilaaladii gobolada Waqooyi kuwaasi oo la midoobay Koonfurta Soomaaliya, sidaasi ayaa Hargaysa ku dhaaftey magaalo madaxnimadi. Laakiin waxay magaaladu ahayd mid ka mid ah magaalooyinka ugu wayn Soomaaliya.<ref name="Wssom1">[http://www.worldstatesmen.org/Somalia.html Worldstatesmen – Somalia]</ref><ref name="Encyclopædia Britannica 2002 p.835">Encyclopædia Britannica, ''The New Encyclopædia Britannica'', (Encyclopædia Britannica: 2002), p.835</ref>Kadib markii ay Soomaaliya ka dhacday dagaal sokeeye ayay sanadkii 1991 noqotay caasimadda jamhuuriyadda Somaliland. Si kastaba ha ahaate, magaalada Hargeysa waxay dhacdaa dooxada [[Galgodon]] ee deegaanada [[Oogo]], waxayna magaaladu ka saraysaa biyaha bada joog dhan 4,377 mitir. Juquraafi ahaan magaalada Hargeysa waxay saaran tahay buuro, dooxyo iyo deegaan caro bataax leh. Si la mid ah magaalooyinka kale ee ku yaala Somaliland, dhismayaasha magaalada Hargaysa waxay caan ku yihiin farshaxanka iyo qurxinta dhagaxa dabiiciga ah ee laga helo buuraha ku hareersan magaalada. Guud ahaan, magaalada Hargeysa waa tan ugu bulshada badan magaalooyinka Somaliland, waxaana ku nool caasimadan dad tiradoodi gaadhto in kabadan 1.2 milyan. Deegaanka magaaladan waxaa aad uga baxa geedka [[tiin]]ka. Wixii ka dhacay Soomaaliya [[1988]] malaha waa ka sii foolxun. Markii Hargeysa la duqeeyay ayaa dadkii deganaa lagu khasbay inay qaxaan. Askarta ayaa markaas miinooyin ku aasay guryihii laga tagay. Markii uu dagaalku dhammaaday ayay qaxootigii dib u laabteen, balse waxaa lagu naafeeyay ama lagu dilay qaraxyo qarsoon.<ref>[https://www.jw.org/en/library/magazines/g20000508/Land-Mines-Weighing-the-Cost/ Land Mines—Weighing the Cost]</ref> =Juquraafiga= ==Goobta iyo deegaanka== Hargeysi waxay ku taal dhul buuraley ah, dooxana waa dooxa waqooyi galbeed ee [[Galgodon]] (Ogo) buuraleyda ah. Waxay ku fadhidaa meel sare oo ah 1,334 mitir (4,377 cagood) oo ka sarreysa heerka baddam. Magaaladu waxay ahaan jirtay mid ku hareeraysan kayn marka ay ka yaraato kaynta, laakiin baadiyaha ku hareeraysan ayaa weli leh juniber yar yar. Hargeysa agteeda waxa ku yaal buuraleyda Sheekh iyo Buuraha Daallo, oo ay ka da'aan roobab aad u badan. Koonfurta magaalada waxa ku taal Haud safana (Baligubadle), kaas oo soo jiita noocyo badan oo duurjoogta ah si ay u daaqaan aagga. Hargeysa waxay ku taal meel u dhow magaalada Gabiley, oo u adeegta sidii xarun beeralay ah oo ku taal [[Soomaaliland]]. Deegaanka Allay-Baday ee magaaladaas waxa ka soo baxa tamaandho iyo basasha bil kasta xilliyada roobka. Magaalada Arabsiyo sidoo kale waxay ku taal meel u dhow, waxaana lagu xusay soo saarideeda liin. [[File:Calaamadaha area o galleryfull.jpg|thumb|right|Dulmar Hargeysa]] Bacrinnimada iyo cagaarka uu leeyahay awgeed, waxa deegaanka Hargeysa u yimaadda [[xayawaan]]ka duur-joogta ah si ay u tarmaan ama u daaqaan dhulka doogga ah. Xayawaanka laga heli karo qaybaha miyiga ah ee magaalada waxaa ka mid ah kuduga,dhogorta duurjoogta, dameerka duurjoogta Soomaaliyeed, warthog,  anteloob, idaha Soomaaliyeed, ri’, geel iyo noocyo badan oo shimbiro ah oo kala duwan. Waxa kale oo jira tiro ka mid ah maamulayaasha guud iyo kuwa gaarka ah labadaba. Koonfurta Hargeysa waa dhul doog ah, kaas oo soo jiita noocyada duurjoogta ah ee deegaanka, oo ay ku jiraan libaaxyo iyo shabeel. =Magaca= Sida ilo badani isku raaceen magaca Hargeysa wuxuu asal ahaan ka yimid ereyga ''"harga-geeya"'' oo ka turjumaya in horaantii Hargaysa ahaan jirtey meel loo soo iib keeno [[harag]]a xoolaha.<ref name="Briggs">{{cite book|last=Briggs|first=Philip|title=Somaliland: With Addis Ababa & Eastern Ethiopia|year=2012|publisher=Bradt Travel Guides|isbn=1841623717|page=10|url=http://books.google.ca/books?id=M6NI2FejIuwC&pg=PA10#v=onepage&q&f=false}}</ref> Ilo kale waxay ku waramaan in magaca Hargeysa ka yimid erey Af-[[Oromo]] ah kaasi oo la micno ah ''"meeshii tiinka badneyd"''. Ilo kale waxay waliba ku waramaan in magaca Hargeysa ka yimid "Harar as-Saqiir"" oo ay micneheedi ay tahay Hererkii yaraa ee luqada af Carabiga. ===Taariikh=== In kastoo aan la haynin taariikh xaqiiqo ah, waxaa la aaminsan yahay in Hargaysa uu aasaasay [[Sheekh Madar]] qiyaastii 1800, wakhtigaasi oo sheekhu ka dhisay maqaam xereed iyo meel lagu nasto marka loo socdo magaalada [[Saylac]] ama [[Herer]].<ref name="Encyclopaedia Aethiopica">{{cite journal | last =Ficadorey | first =Gianfranco | title =Ha | journal =Basic Reference | volume =3 | issue = | page =1032 | publisher =Thomson/Gale | location = NY, USA | year =2008 | url =http://books.google.ca/books?id=X38lxaUjm1MC&pg=PA1032&lpg=PA1032&dq=hargeisa+little+harar&source=bl&ots=Q91FLxkfKY&sig=z5JQxNvRhi5g8V_wpyQz1x4-9_Y&hl=en&sa=X&ei=WbdwULzUGNGC0QG81YH4CQ&ved=0CEQQ6AEwBA#v=onepage&q=hargeisa%20little%20harar&f=false}}</ref> {{Weather box|location = Hargeisa |metric first = yes |single line = yes |Jan record high C = 22 |Feb record high C = 22 |Mar record high C = 22 |Apr record high C = 22 |May record high C = 22 |Jun record high C = 29 |Jul record high C = 29 |Aug record high C = 29 |Sep record high C = 22 |Oct record high C = 32 |Nov record high C = 22 |Dec record high C = 32 |Jan high C = 28.5 |Feb high C = 29.3 |Mar high C = 28.7 |Apr high C = 27.7 |May high C = 27.2 |Jun high C = 26.9 |Jul high C = 26.7 |Aug high C = 27.2 |Sep high C = 27.9 |Oct high C = 27.7 |Nov high C = 27.4 |Dec high C = 28 |year high C = 27.8 |Jan mean C=22.7 |Feb mean C=22.6 |Mar mean C=22.6 |Apr mean C=21.9 |May mean C=21.4 |Jun mean C=21 |Jul mean C=20.6 |Aug mean C=20.9 |Sep mean C=21.3 |Oct mean C=21.8 |Nov mean C=21.9 |Dec mean C=21.9 |Jan low C = 17.9 |Feb low C = 18.3 |Mar low C = 18.2 |Apr low C = 18.1 |May low C = 17.9 |Jun low C = 17.7 |Jul low C = 17.2 |Aug low C = 17.0 |Sep low C = 17.2 |Oct low C = 17.5 |Nov low C = 17.5 |Dec low C = 17.8 |year low C = 17.7 |Jan record low C = 12 |Feb record low C = 14 |Mar record low C = 13 |Apr record low C = 14 |May record low C = 15 |Jun record low C = 12 |Jul record low C = 12 |Aug record low C = 12 |Sep record low C = 13 |Oct record low C = 13 |Nov record low C = 14 |Dec record low C = 12 |rain colour=green |Jan rain mm = 71 |Feb rain mm = 54 |Mar rain mm = 119 |Apr rain mm = 174 |May rain mm = 124 |Jun rain mm = 66 |Jul rain mm = 56 |Aug rain mm = 91 |Sep rain mm = 106 |Oct rain mm = 126 |Nov rain mm = 152 |Dec rain mm = 86 |year rain mm = 1225 |unit rain days = 1 mm |Jan rain days = 7 |Feb rain days = 8 |Mar rain days = 12 |Apr rain days = 16 |May rain days = 13 |Jun rain days = 8 |Jul rain days = 7 |Aug rain days = 9 |Sep rain days = 11 |Oct rain days = 15 |Nov rain days = 14 |Dec rain days = 10 |year rain days = 130 |Jan humidity = 66 |Feb humidity = 68.5 |Mar humidity = 73 |Apr humidity = 78.5 |May humidity = 80.5 |Jun humidity = 78.5 |Jul humidity = 77.5 |Aug humidity = 77.5 |Sep humidity = 75.5 |Oct humidity = 73.5 |Nov humidity = 73 |Dec humidity = 71.5 |year humidity = 74.5 |Jan sun = 155 |Feb sun = 170 |Mar sun = 155 |Apr sun = 120 |May sun = 124 |Jun sun = 180 |Jul sun = 186 |Aug sun = 155 |Sep sun = 150 |Oct sun = 155 |Nov sun = 150 |Dec sun = 124 |year sun = 1824 |source 1 = ''[[World Meteorological Organization]]'',<ref name = WMO>{{cite web | url = http://worldweather.wmo.int/168/c01328.htm | title = World Weather Information Service - Kampala | accessdate = April 30, 2013 | publisher = World Meteorological Organization}}</ref> ''Climate-Data.org'' for mean temperatures |source 2 = ''BBC Weather''<ref name="weather1">{{cite web | url = http://www.bbc.co.uk/weather/232422 | title = Average Conditions Kampala, Uganda | accessdate = April 30, 2013 | publisher = BBC Weather}}</ref> |date=August 2019 }} =Tixraac= {{Reflist}} * [https://web.archive.org/*/http://www.hargeisamunicipality.org Hargeisa City Government web Site] (Archive) * [http://www.geographic.org/geographic_names/name.php?uni=-4566760&fid=5789&c=somalia Hargeisa, republic of somaliland] * [https://ontheworldmap.com/somaliland/city/hargeisa/ Maps of Hargeisa] ==Sido kale fiiri== * [[Muqdisho]] * [[Kambaala]] * [[Addis Abeba]] * [[Jabuuti]] {{Magaalooyinka Gobolka Woqooyi Galbeed}} [[Category:Magaalo]] [[Category:Somaliland]] [[Category:Caasimadaha Afrika]] 5zars48vog19eh7s2oq3rr84zagfkbj Addis Abeba 0 2285 239746 239675 2022-08-10T10:53:19Z 65.95.172.135 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Coord|9|1|48|N|38|44|24|E|type:city(2757729)|display=title}} {{Infobox settlement |official_name = Addis Ababa |native_name = አዲስ አበባ |native_name_lang = am |settlement_type = |image_skyline =File:Addis_churchill.jpg |image_caption = |imagesize = 400px |nickname = |image_flag = |image_seal = |established_title = Chartered |established_date = 1886 |pushpin_map = Ethiopia |mapsize = |map_caption = |coordinates_region = ET |subdivision_type = Dalka |subdivision_name = [[Itoobiya]] |subdivision_type1 = Gobol |subdivision_name1 = Addis Abeba |leader_title = [[Duqa]] |leader_name = [[Diriba Kuma]] |area_magnitude = |area_total_km2 = 527 |area_land_km2 = 527 |area_water_km2 = |area_note = <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.csa.gov.et/index.php?option=com_rubberdoc&view=doc&id=421&format=raw&Itemid=606 |title=2011 National Statistics |publisher=Csa.gov.et |date= |accessdate=2013-07-20 |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |archive-date=2013-03-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130330021225/http://www.csa.gov.et/index.php?option=com_rubberdoc&view=doc&id=421&format=raw&Itemid=606 |dead-url=yes }}</ref> |population_as_of = 2008 |population_urban = 3384569 |population_note = |population_total = 3384569 |population_metro = 4567857 |area_metro_km2 = |population_density_km2 = 5165.1 |timezone = [[East Africa Time]] |utc_offset = +3 |timezone_DST = |utc_offset_DST = |latd = 9 |latm = 1 |lats = 48 |longd = 38 |longm = 44 |longs = 24 |latNS=N|longEW=E |elevation_m = 2355 |elevation_ft = 7726 |latitude = |longitude = |area_code = (+251) 11 |website = {{official website|http://www.addisababacity.gov.et/}} |footnotes = }} {{Flag|Ethiopia}} [[File:HagerFikirTheatre.jpg|right|392px|thumb| Masraxa Adis Abeba]] '''Adiss Ababa''' ({{lang-am|አዲስ አበባ}}) waa Caasimada Dawlada Federaalka ah ee [[Itoobiya]], waana Magaalada ugu weyn itoobiya isla markaasna waa Gobol gaar ah. Micnaha Addis Ababa waa '''Ubaxa Cusub''' waxaana Xafiis ku leh Ururka Midowga [[Afrika]], dadka ku nool waa illaa 4 milyan . dadka degan waa illaa 80 isir oo kala duwan oo ku hadla 80 afaf . Waxaana ku yaal Garoon diyaaradeed oo la yiraahdo [[Garoonka Diyaaradaha ee Bole]], asaaskeedu wuxuu ahaa 1886. jooga badda waxay ka sareysaa 2500m . waxayna caan kutahay isu dheeli tirnaan cimilo sanadka oo idil . heer kulkeedu ma dhaafo 16. ==Dawladda== Iyadoo la raacayo Dastuurka Itoobiya ee 1995, magaalada Addis Ababa waa mid ka mid ah labada magaalo ee federaalka ah ee ka masuul ah Dowladda Federaalka ee Itoobiya. Magaaladda kale ee leh isla xaaladdan waa Dire Dawa oo ku taal bariga dalka, labada magaalooyinkana waxay ku yaalaan Gobolka Oromiya. Horaantii, kadib markii la aasaasay qaab-dhismeedka federaalka ee 1991-kii oo ku hoos maray Axdiga Ku-Meel-Gaarka ah ee Itoobiya, Dawladda Hoose ee Addis Ababa waxay ka mid ahayd dawladaha 14-ka dawladood ee cusub. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, qaab-dhismeedkan waxaa beddelay dastuurka federaalka ee 1995-kii, natiijadaasna, Addis Ababa ma lahan xaalad dowladnimo. Maamulka magaalada Addis Ababa waxay ka kooban tahay Duqa Magaalada, oo hogaaminaya laanta fulinta, iyo Golaha Magaalada, oo dejiya xeerarka magaalada. Si kastaba ha noqotee, iyada oo qayb ka ah Dowladda Federaalka, Baarlamaanka Federaalka ayaa dejiya sharciyo ku xiran Addis Ababa. Xubnaha Golaha Deegaanka waxaa si toos ah u doorta dadka deggan magaalada iyo Golaha, markaa waxay doortaan Duqa dhexdooda xubnahooda. Xilliga xafiiska ee loo doorto saraakiisha la soo doortay waa shan sano. Si kastaba ha noqotee, Dawladda Federaalka, marka ay u aragto daruuri, waxay burburin kartaa Golaha Magaalada iyo maamulka oo idil oo ay u beddeli karaan maamul ku-meel-gaar ah illaa inta doorashadu socoto. Dadka degan Addis Ababa ayaa matalaya Baarlamaanka Federaalka, Golaha Wakiilada. Si kastaba ha noqotee, magaalada ma matalayso Aqalka Federaalka, taas oo ah aqalka sare ee federaalka ee ay wakiil ka yihiin wadamada xubnaha ka ah. Laanta Fulinta ee Duqa Magaalada ayaa ka kooban Maamulaha Magaalada iyo laamaha kala duwan ee xafiisyada adeegga bulshada. ==Waddanmaha degaan Addis Ababa== * {{Flag|South Africa}}1200+ * {{Flag|Turkey}}12,000++ * {{Flag|Brazil}} 200+* {{Flag|Japan}} 25,000+ * {{Flag|Poland}} 200+ * {{Flag|Bangladesh}} 1,200+ * {{Flag|Arab League}} 125,000+<ref>https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/a/Arabic_language.htm</ref>. * {{Flag|Pakistan}} 2,200+ * {{Flag|Eritrea}} 11,100+ * {{Flag|Somalia}} 12,500+ * {{Flag|Djibouti}} 13,000+ * {{Flag|Great Britain}} 520+ *'''🇪🇺 Europeans''': 138,300+++ <ref>https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/e/European_Union.htm</ref>. * {{Flag|United States}} 1500+ * {{Flag|Taiwan}} PR, 12,000+;+;+ * {{Flag|Switzerland}} 200+ * {{Flag|Russian Federation}} 51,200+ [<ref>https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/p/People%2527s_Republic_of_China.htm</ref>] Duqa magaalada Addis Ababa waa Gudoomiyaha Dimoqraadiyada ee Oromo People's Democratic Organization (OPDO), oo ah xubin ka tirsan Isbahaysiga Xukumadda ee Jabhadda Dibudhiga Dimuqraadiyadda (EPRDF). Mudane Diriba Kuma wuxuu xilka kala wareegay 9kii Luulyo 2013. Wuxuu hore u ahaa Kuma Demeksa (oo sidoo kale ka tirsan xisbiga OPDO), wuxuu muddo shan sano ah ka soo shaqeeyay 30kii Oktoobar 2008. Intii ka horeysay, Dowladda Federaalka waxay u magacawday Mr. Berhane Deressa inuu hoggaamiyo maamulka kumeelgaadhka ah ee ka shaqeeyey laga bilaabo 9kii Maajo 2006 ilaa 30 Oktoobar 2008 ka dib dhibaatadii doorashadii 2005. Doorashadii qaran ee 2005, xisbiga talada haya ee EPRDF ayaa guulo waaweyn ka soo gaaray Addis Ababa. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, mucaaradka ku guuleystay Addis Ababa ma aysan ka qeyb geli xukuumadda labada heer gobol iyo mid federaalba. Xaaladdan ayaa ku khasabtay Dawladda Federaalka ee EPRDF in ay ku wareejiso maamul ku-meelgaar ah illaa iyo inta doorasho cusub la qabtay. Natiijo ahaan, Mr. Berhane Deressa, oo ah muwaadin madax banaan, ayaa loo magacaabay. Qaar ka mid ah duqayadii hore ee Addis Ababa waa Arkabe Oqubay (2003-06), Zewde Teklu (1985-89), Alemu Abebe (1977-85) iyo Zewde Gebrehiwot (1960-69). Dhaqanka Qalabka la yaabka leh waxaa ka mid ah Cathedral Cathedral (oo la aasaasay 1896 iyo sidoo kale guriga lagu hayo matxafka), Quduuska Quduuska ah ee Qudduuska ah (marxuumka ugu weyn ee Orthodox Orthodox Cathedral) iyo meesha lagu aasayo ee Emily Haile Selassie iyo qoyska Imperial , iyo kuwa ku dagaallamay reer Talyaani intii lagu jiray dagaalkii labaad ee aduunka. Waxaa sidoo kale jira garoonkii hore ee Imperial ee Menelik oo weli taagan kursiga rasmiga ah ee dawladda, iyo Aqalka Qaranka oo hore loogu yaqaanay Jubilee Palace (oo loo dhisay in lagu calaamadeeyo Boqortooyada Boqortooyada Haile Selassie ee 1955) taas oo ah degaanka madaxweynaha Itoobiya. Jubilee Palace ayaa sidoo kale loo qaabeeyey ka dib markii Buckingham Palace ee Boqortooyada Ingiriiska. Xarunta Afrika waxay ku taallaa dhammaan meelihii Menelik II ee laga soo galo Garoowe halkaasoo ah Xarunta Dhaqaalaha ee Qaramada Midoobay ee Afrika oo xarunteedu tahay sidoo kale xafiisyada QM ee Itoobiya. Sidoo kale waa goobta lagu aasaasay Ururka Midawga Afrika (OAU), oo ugu dambeyntii noqday Midowga Afrika (AU). Midawga Afrika ayaa hadda ku jira xarun cusub oo lagu dhisay meel ku taal xabsiga Akaki Xabsiga, oo ay ku leedahay dhulkii ay ku deeqeen Itoobiya ee ujeedadaas ku lahayd qaybta koonfureed ee magaalada. Tiyaatarka Hager Fikir, oo ah tiyaatarka ugu da'da weyn Itoobiya, wuxuu ku yaalaa degmada Piazza. Dhawaqa Quduuska ah ee Trinity Cathedral waa dhismaha baarlamanka, oo lagu dhisay xukunka Haile Selassie, oo leh minaarad saacadeed. Waxay sii waddaa inay u adeegto sida kursiga Baarlamaanka maanta. Dhamaan Baarlamaanka waa Shengo Hall, oo ay dhistay xukunka Derg ee Mengistu Haile Mariam oo ah hoolka baarlamaanka cusub. Shengo Hall wuxuu ahaa dhismaha adduunka ugu weyn ee la dhisay, kaas oo lagu dhisay Finland ka hor inta aan lagu soo shirin Addis Ababa. Waxaa loo isticmaalaa shirar waaweyn iyo heshiisyo. Itegue Hotel, oo dhisay 1898 (Calendar Calendar) oo ku taal bartamaha magaalada (Piazza), ayaa ahaa hotelkii ugu horeeyay ee Itoobiya. Degmada Merkato, oo noqotay midka ugu weyn suuqa Soomaliya, waa Masaajidka Grand Anwar ee masaajidka ugu wayn ee laga dhisay dalka Talyaaniga. Dhowr mitir oo koonfur-galbeed ah ee Masjidka Anwar waa kaniisada Raguel oo la dhisay ka dib markii xoriyadii Empress Menen. Dhismaha masaajidka iyo kaniisaddu waxay calaamad u tahay xidhiidhka nabadeed ee dheeriga ah ee u dhexeeya masiixiga iyo diinta Islaamka ee Itoobiya. Kaniisadda Katooliga Katooliga ee Quduuska Quduuska ah wuxuu kaloo ku yaal degmada Merkato. Ugu dhow Garoonka Diyaaradaha Caalamiga ah waa Madhane Alem (Badbaadiyaha Dunida) Orthodox Cathedral, oo ah kan labaad ee ugu weyn Afrika. Tilmaamo kale oo magaalada ka mid ah suuqa sare ee Mercato, jimicsiga Jan Meda, Xarunta Madadaalada ee Bihere Tsige iyo jidka tareenka ee Jabuuti. Goobaha cayaaraha waxaa ka mid ah Iskuulada Addis Ababa iyo Nyala. Abaalmarinta Afrika ee 2008-dii ee ciyaaraha fudud ayaa lagu qabtay Addis Ababa. Buuraha Entoto waxay ka bilaabmaan xaafadaha waqooyiga. Xaafadaha magaalada waxaa ka mid ah Shiro Meda iyo Entoto oo waqooyiga, Urael iyo Bole (Guriga Bole Internat [[File:Arat Kilo Monument.JPG|thumb|right|392px|Arat Kilo monument]] [[File:Addis_churchill.jpg|thumb|right|393px|Churchill Road in Addis Abeba]] [[File:Ethiopian Commercial Bank Addis Abeba.jpg|thumb|right|394px|Bank of Ethiopia in Addis Ababa]] [[File:ET Addis asv2018-01 img01 Meskel Square.jpg|thumb|right|395px|Meskel Square]] [[File:Cathédrale Saint Georges Addis Abeba1.jpg|thumb|right|396px|St George's Cathedral (Addis Ababa)|St George's Cathedral]] [[File:Hager Fikir Theatre.jpg|thumb|right|397px|Hager Fikir Theatre (April 2006)]] [[File:Ethiopian Television.JPG|thumb|right|398px|Etv in Addis Ababa]] [[File:Ethiopia-Djibouti rail.jpg|399px|thumb|right|Addis Ababa]] [[File:Ethiopian Federal Police HQ Addis Abeba.JPG|thumb|right|399px|Federal Police HQ]] [[File:ET Addis asv2018-01 img35 Tewodros Square.jpg|thumb|right|399px|Tewodros Square]] == Cimilada Addis Abeba == {{Weather box |location = Addis Ababa |metric first = y |single line = y |Jan high C = 23.0 |Feb high C = 24.3 |Mar high C = 24.8 |Apr high C = 24.2 |May high C = 24.4 |Jun high C = 20.0 |Jul high C = 17.9 |Aug high C = 20.0 |Sep high C = 21.3 |Oct high C = 22.3 |Nov high C = 22.6 |Dec high C = 22.8 |year high C = 22.8 |Jan low C = 6.0 |Feb low C = 9.0 |Mar low C = 11.6 |Apr low C = 12.0 |May low C = 12.3 |Jun low C = 11.2 |Jul low C = 11.3 |Aug low C = 11.2 |Sep low C = 11.0 |Oct low C = 9.9 |Nov low C = 8.7 |Dec low C = 8.1 |year low C = 10.6 |Jan rain mm = 16.8 |Feb rain mm = 36 |Mar rain mm = 68.2 |Apr rain mm = 88.8 |May rain mm = 76 |Jun rain mm = 123.5 |Jul rain mm = 259.4 |Aug rain mm = 278 |Sep rain mm = 174.1 |Oct rain mm = 41.1 |Nov rain mm = 8.3 |Dec rain mm = 10.2 |year rain mm = 1180.4 |Jan rain days = 3 |Feb rain days = 5 |Mar rain days = 7 |Apr rain days = 10 |May rain days = 10 |Jun rain days = 20 |Jul rain days = 27 |Aug rain days = 26 |Sep rain days = 18 |Oct rain days = 4 |Nov rain days = 1 |Dec rain days = 1 |source 1 = National Meteorological Agency |source 2 = [[World Meteorological Organisation]] (UN) |date=August 2010 }} == Tixraacyada == {{commonscat|Addis Ababa|Addis Abeba}} <references/> {{Caasimadaha Afrika}} [[Category:Itoobiya]] ==sido kale fiiri== * [[Jabuuti]] * [[Liska Gobolada Itoobiya]] l1k1a9423vxb88u4ijkzzuzjf2i26cx 239748 239746 2022-08-10T11:06:44Z Mwasoge 29030 /* Waddanmaha degaan Addis Ababa */ wikitext text/x-wiki {{Coord|9|1|48|N|38|44|24|E|type:city(2757729)|display=title}} {{Infobox settlement |official_name = Addis Ababa |native_name = አዲስ አበባ |native_name_lang = am |settlement_type = |image_skyline =File:Addis_churchill.jpg |image_caption = |imagesize = 400px |nickname = |image_flag = |image_seal = |established_title = Chartered |established_date = 1886 |pushpin_map = Ethiopia |mapsize = |map_caption = |coordinates_region = ET |subdivision_type = Dalka |subdivision_name = [[Itoobiya]] |subdivision_type1 = Gobol |subdivision_name1 = Addis Abeba |leader_title = [[Duqa]] |leader_name = [[Diriba Kuma]] |area_magnitude = |area_total_km2 = 527 |area_land_km2 = 527 |area_water_km2 = |area_note = <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.csa.gov.et/index.php?option=com_rubberdoc&view=doc&id=421&format=raw&Itemid=606 |title=2011 National Statistics |publisher=Csa.gov.et |date= |accessdate=2013-07-20 |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |archive-date=2013-03-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130330021225/http://www.csa.gov.et/index.php?option=com_rubberdoc&view=doc&id=421&format=raw&Itemid=606 |dead-url=yes }}</ref> |population_as_of = 2008 |population_urban = 3384569 |population_note = |population_total = 3384569 |population_metro = 4567857 |area_metro_km2 = |population_density_km2 = 5165.1 |timezone = [[East Africa Time]] |utc_offset = +3 |timezone_DST = |utc_offset_DST = |latd = 9 |latm = 1 |lats = 48 |longd = 38 |longm = 44 |longs = 24 |latNS=N|longEW=E |elevation_m = 2355 |elevation_ft = 7726 |latitude = |longitude = |area_code = (+251) 11 |website = {{official website|http://www.addisababacity.gov.et/}} |footnotes = }} {{Flag|Ethiopia}} [[File:HagerFikirTheatre.jpg|right|392px|thumb| Masraxa Adis Abeba]] '''Adiss Ababa''' ({{lang-am|አዲስ አበባ}}) waa Caasimada Dawlada Federaalka ah ee [[Itoobiya]], waana Magaalada ugu weyn itoobiya isla markaasna waa Gobol gaar ah. Micnaha Addis Ababa waa '''Ubaxa Cusub''' waxaana Xafiis ku leh Ururka Midowga [[Afrika]], dadka ku nool waa illaa 4 milyan . dadka degan waa illaa 80 isir oo kala duwan oo ku hadla 80 afaf . Waxaana ku yaal Garoon diyaaradeed oo la yiraahdo [[Garoonka Diyaaradaha ee Bole]], asaaskeedu wuxuu ahaa 1886. jooga badda waxay ka sareysaa 2500m . waxayna caan kutahay isu dheeli tirnaan cimilo sanadka oo idil . heer kulkeedu ma dhaafo 16. ==Dawladda== Iyadoo la raacayo Dastuurka Itoobiya ee 1995, magaalada Addis Ababa waa mid ka mid ah labada magaalo ee federaalka ah ee ka masuul ah Dowladda Federaalka ee Itoobiya. Magaaladda kale ee leh isla xaaladdan waa Dire Dawa oo ku taal bariga dalka, labada magaalooyinkana waxay ku yaalaan Gobolka Oromiya. Horaantii, kadib markii la aasaasay qaab-dhismeedka federaalka ee 1991-kii oo ku hoos maray Axdiga Ku-Meel-Gaarka ah ee Itoobiya, Dawladda Hoose ee Addis Ababa waxay ka mid ahayd dawladaha 14-ka dawladood ee cusub. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, qaab-dhismeedkan waxaa beddelay dastuurka federaalka ee 1995-kii, natiijadaasna, Addis Ababa ma lahan xaalad dowladnimo. Maamulka magaalada Addis Ababa waxay ka kooban tahay Duqa Magaalada, oo hogaaminaya laanta fulinta, iyo Golaha Magaalada, oo dejiya xeerarka magaalada. Si kastaba ha noqotee, iyada oo qayb ka ah Dowladda Federaalka, Baarlamaanka Federaalka ayaa dejiya sharciyo ku xiran Addis Ababa. Xubnaha Golaha Deegaanka waxaa si toos ah u doorta dadka deggan magaalada iyo Golaha, markaa waxay doortaan Duqa dhexdooda xubnahooda. Xilliga xafiiska ee loo doorto saraakiisha la soo doortay waa shan sano. Si kastaba ha noqotee, Dawladda Federaalka, marka ay u aragto daruuri, waxay burburin kartaa Golaha Magaalada iyo maamulka oo idil oo ay u beddeli karaan maamul ku-meel-gaar ah illaa inta doorashadu socoto. Dadka degan Addis Ababa ayaa matalaya Baarlamaanka Federaalka, Golaha Wakiilada. Si kastaba ha noqotee, magaalada ma matalayso Aqalka Federaalka, taas oo ah aqalka sare ee federaalka ee ay wakiil ka yihiin wadamada xubnaha ka ah. Laanta Fulinta ee Duqa Magaalada ayaa ka kooban Maamulaha Magaalada iyo laamaha kala duwan ee xafiisyada adeegga bulshada. ==Waddanmaha degaan Addis Ababa== * {{Flag|Brazil}} 200+* {{Flag|Japan}} 25,000+ * {{Flag|Switzerland}} 200+ *{{Flag|Turkey}}12,000++ * {{Flag|Bangladesh}} 1,200+ * {{Flag|Arab League}} 125,000+<ref>https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/a/Arabic_language.htm</ref>. * {{Flag|Pakistan}} 1,200+ * {{Flag|Eritrea}} 11,100+ * {{Flag|Somalia}} 12,500+ * {{Flag|Djibouti}} 13,000+ * {{Flag|Great Britain}} 520+ *'''🇪🇺 Europeans''': 138,300+++ <ref>https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/e/European_Union.htm</ref>. * {{Flag|United States}} 1500+ * {{Flag|Taiwan}} PR, 12,000+;+;+ *{{Flag|South Africa}}1200+; * {{Flag|Russian Federation}} 25,000+ [<ref>https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/p/People%2527s_Republic_of_China.htm</ref>] Duqa magaalada Addis Ababa waa Gudoomiyaha Dimoqraadiyada ee Oromo People's Democratic Organization (OPDO), oo ah xubin ka tirsan Isbahaysiga Xukumadda ee Jabhadda Dibudhiga Dimuqraadiyadda (EPRDF). Mudane Diriba Kuma wuxuu xilka kala wareegay 9kii Luulyo 2013. Wuxuu hore u ahaa Kuma Demeksa (oo sidoo kale ka tirsan xisbiga OPDO), wuxuu muddo shan sano ah ka soo shaqeeyay 30kii Oktoobar 2008. Intii ka horeysay, Dowladda Federaalka waxay u magacawday Mr. Berhane Deressa inuu hoggaamiyo maamulka kumeelgaadhka ah ee ka shaqeeyey laga bilaabo 9kii Maajo 2006 ilaa 30 Oktoobar 2008 ka dib dhibaatadii doorashadii 2005. Doorashadii qaran ee 2005, xisbiga talada haya ee EPRDF ayaa guulo waaweyn ka soo gaaray Addis Ababa. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, mucaaradka ku guuleystay Addis Ababa ma aysan ka qeyb geli xukuumadda labada heer gobol iyo mid federaalba. Xaaladdan ayaa ku khasabtay Dawladda Federaalka ee EPRDF in ay ku wareejiso maamul ku-meelgaar ah illaa iyo inta doorasho cusub la qabtay. Natiijo ahaan, Mr. Berhane Deressa, oo ah muwaadin madax banaan, ayaa loo magacaabay. Qaar ka mid ah duqayadii hore ee Addis Ababa waa Arkabe Oqubay (2003-06), Zewde Teklu (1985-89), Alemu Abebe (1977-85) iyo Zewde Gebrehiwot (1960-69). Dhaqanka Qalabka la yaabka leh waxaa ka mid ah Cathedral Cathedral (oo la aasaasay 1896 iyo sidoo kale guriga lagu hayo matxafka), Quduuska Quduuska ah ee Qudduuska ah (marxuumka ugu weyn ee Orthodox Orthodox Cathedral) iyo meesha lagu aasayo ee Emily Haile Selassie iyo qoyska Imperial , iyo kuwa ku dagaallamay reer Talyaani intii lagu jiray dagaalkii labaad ee aduunka. Waxaa sidoo kale jira garoonkii hore ee Imperial ee Menelik oo weli taagan kursiga rasmiga ah ee dawladda, iyo Aqalka Qaranka oo hore loogu yaqaanay Jubilee Palace (oo loo dhisay in lagu calaamadeeyo Boqortooyada Boqortooyada Haile Selassie ee 1955) taas oo ah degaanka madaxweynaha Itoobiya. Jubilee Palace ayaa sidoo kale loo qaabeeyey ka dib markii Buckingham Palace ee Boqortooyada Ingiriiska. Xarunta Afrika waxay ku taallaa dhammaan meelihii Menelik II ee laga soo galo Garoowe halkaasoo ah Xarunta Dhaqaalaha ee Qaramada Midoobay ee Afrika oo xarunteedu tahay sidoo kale xafiisyada QM ee Itoobiya. Sidoo kale waa goobta lagu aasaasay Ururka Midawga Afrika (OAU), oo ugu dambeyntii noqday Midowga Afrika (AU). Midawga Afrika ayaa hadda ku jira xarun cusub oo lagu dhisay meel ku taal xabsiga Akaki Xabsiga, oo ay ku leedahay dhulkii ay ku deeqeen Itoobiya ee ujeedadaas ku lahayd qaybta koonfureed ee magaalada. Tiyaatarka Hager Fikir, oo ah tiyaatarka ugu da'da weyn Itoobiya, wuxuu ku yaalaa degmada Piazza. Dhawaqa Quduuska ah ee Trinity Cathedral waa dhismaha baarlamanka, oo lagu dhisay xukunka Haile Selassie, oo leh minaarad saacadeed. Waxay sii waddaa inay u adeegto sida kursiga Baarlamaanka maanta. Dhamaan Baarlamaanka waa Shengo Hall, oo ay dhistay xukunka Derg ee Mengistu Haile Mariam oo ah hoolka baarlamaanka cusub. Shengo Hall wuxuu ahaa dhismaha adduunka ugu weyn ee la dhisay, kaas oo lagu dhisay Finland ka hor inta aan lagu soo shirin Addis Ababa. Waxaa loo isticmaalaa shirar waaweyn iyo heshiisyo. Itegue Hotel, oo dhisay 1898 (Calendar Calendar) oo ku taal bartamaha magaalada (Piazza), ayaa ahaa hotelkii ugu horeeyay ee Itoobiya. Degmada Merkato, oo noqotay midka ugu weyn suuqa Soomaliya, waa Masaajidka Grand Anwar ee masaajidka ugu wayn ee laga dhisay dalka Talyaaniga. Dhowr mitir oo koonfur-galbeed ah ee Masjidka Anwar waa kaniisada Raguel oo la dhisay ka dib markii xoriyadii Empress Menen. Dhismaha masaajidka iyo kaniisaddu waxay calaamad u tahay xidhiidhka nabadeed ee dheeriga ah ee u dhexeeya masiixiga iyo diinta Islaamka ee Itoobiya. Kaniisadda Katooliga Katooliga ee Quduuska Quduuska ah wuxuu kaloo ku yaal degmada Merkato. Ugu dhow Garoonka Diyaaradaha Caalamiga ah waa Madhane Alem (Badbaadiyaha Dunida) Orthodox Cathedral, oo ah kan labaad ee ugu weyn Afrika. Tilmaamo kale oo magaalada ka mid ah suuqa sare ee Mercato, jimicsiga Jan Meda, Xarunta Madadaalada ee Bihere Tsige iyo jidka tareenka ee Jabuuti. Goobaha cayaaraha waxaa ka mid ah Iskuulada Addis Ababa iyo Nyala. Abaalmarinta Afrika ee 2008-dii ee ciyaaraha fudud ayaa lagu qabtay Addis Ababa. Buuraha Entoto waxay ka bilaabmaan xaafadaha waqooyiga. Xaafadaha magaalada waxaa ka mid ah Shiro Meda iyo Entoto oo waqooyiga, Urael iyo Bole (Guriga Bole Internat [[File:Arat Kilo Monument.JPG|thumb|right|392px|Arat Kilo monument]] [[File:Addis_churchill.jpg|thumb|right|393px|Churchill Road in Addis Abeba]] [[File:Ethiopian Commercial Bank Addis Abeba.jpg|thumb|right|394px|Bank of Ethiopia in Addis Ababa]] [[File:ET Addis asv2018-01 img01 Meskel Square.jpg|thumb|right|395px|Meskel Square]] [[File:Cathédrale Saint Georges Addis Abeba1.jpg|thumb|right|396px|St George's Cathedral (Addis Ababa)|St George's Cathedral]] [[File:Hager Fikir Theatre.jpg|thumb|right|397px|Hager Fikir Theatre (April 2006)]] [[File:Ethiopian Television.JPG|thumb|right|398px|Etv in Addis Ababa]] [[File:Ethiopia-Djibouti rail.jpg|399px|thumb|right|Addis Ababa]] [[File:Ethiopian Federal Police HQ Addis Abeba.JPG|thumb|right|399px|Federal Police HQ]] [[File:ET Addis asv2018-01 img35 Tewodros Square.jpg|thumb|right|399px|Tewodros Square]] == Cimilada Addis Abeba == {{Weather box |location = Addis Ababa |metric first = y |single line = y |Jan high C = 23.0 |Feb high C = 24.3 |Mar high C = 24.8 |Apr high C = 24.2 |May high C = 24.4 |Jun high C = 20.0 |Jul high C = 17.9 |Aug high C = 20.0 |Sep high C = 21.3 |Oct high C = 22.3 |Nov high C = 22.6 |Dec high C = 22.8 |year high C = 22.8 |Jan low C = 6.0 |Feb low C = 9.0 |Mar low C = 11.6 |Apr low C = 12.0 |May low C = 12.3 |Jun low C = 11.2 |Jul low C = 11.3 |Aug low C = 11.2 |Sep low C = 11.0 |Oct low C = 9.9 |Nov low C = 8.7 |Dec low C = 8.1 |year low C = 10.6 |Jan rain mm = 16.8 |Feb rain mm = 36 |Mar rain mm = 68.2 |Apr rain mm = 88.8 |May rain mm = 76 |Jun rain mm = 123.5 |Jul rain mm = 259.4 |Aug rain mm = 278 |Sep rain mm = 174.1 |Oct rain mm = 41.1 |Nov rain mm = 8.3 |Dec rain mm = 10.2 |year rain mm = 1180.4 |Jan rain days = 3 |Feb rain days = 5 |Mar rain days = 7 |Apr rain days = 10 |May rain days = 10 |Jun rain days = 20 |Jul rain days = 27 |Aug rain days = 26 |Sep rain days = 18 |Oct rain days = 4 |Nov rain days = 1 |Dec rain days = 1 |source 1 = National Meteorological Agency |source 2 = [[World Meteorological Organisation]] (UN) |date=August 2010 }} == Tixraacyada == {{commonscat|Addis Ababa|Addis Abeba}} <references/> {{Caasimadaha Afrika}} [[Category:Itoobiya]] ==sido kale fiiri== * [[Jabuuti]] * [[Liska Gobolada Itoobiya]] 1oxug94gn9p2kl3rgd7t615cargi25i Xisaab 0 2862 239722 218941 2022-08-09T13:06:35Z EnsiklopediaXylon 31252 Noqay bedelaadka 218941 ee sameeyay [[Special:Contributions/Per excellence|Per excellence]] ([[User talk:Per excellence|hadal]]) wikitext text/x-wiki Xisaabta (ka Greek: Μαθηματικά) waa saynis ah aan la taaban karin iyo guud ee xalinta dhibaatada iyo horumarinta habka. Haddii kale, waxaad u xil karaa sida sayniska ah xiriirka taranta iyo qaab-dhismeedka aan ollogga ah ee dunida dhabta ah. Aan la taaban karin, sababtoo ah waxaa laftiisa laga xoreeyey dhibaatooyin asal gaarka ah iyo guud ahaan in ay tahay dabaqi karo meelo badan. Tusaalooyinka fikradaha xisaabeed waa cod, xogta, qaab-dhismeedka, tirada, meesha iyo xidhiidhkooda. Ama fikradaha sida aan la taaban karin (xisaabta saafi ah) ama codsiyada in nidaamo sayniska sida physics iyo technology (xisaabta codsatay). Iyada oo hay'adaha waxbarasho sayniska ee meel iyo waqti, ma cadda in kaasaa run ah, waayo waxyaabaha ka bartay in xisaabta. Intaas waxaa sii dheer, habab kala duwan oo ka mid ah imtixaanka, waayo, sayniska u muuqdaan in ay u isticmaalaan hababka induction iyo hababka xisaabta ee jaro. Waayo, tan iyo sababo kale oo ku xusan kicisaa xisaabta ontological iyo arrimaha epistemological ka aragti cilmiyeed furay. Arimahaa oo dhan ayaa waxaa ka hadlay in falsafadda ah xisaabta. [[File:Zhujiajiao City God Temple abacus.JPG|thumb|Xisaab]]Tusmada [Qarinaysaan] 1 Asalkeeda 2 Taariikhda 2.1 xisaabyahannada 3 Qaabka iyo Eray bixinta 3.1 Tirada 3.2 Hadalka 3.2.1 Dhismaha tirada dabiiciga ah 3.2.2 Qeexidda abyoonayaasha 3.2.3 Dhismaha oo ka mid ah tirooyinka buuxa 3.2.4 Dhismaha tirada dhabta ah 3.3 Rooms 3.4 sal Xisaabeed 4 dhigan karo 4.1 itimaalka iyo Statistics 4.2 xisaabta 4.3 Joometri 4.4 Algebra 4.5 falanqaynta Xisaabeed 4.6 netavisen Xisaabta 5 Calaamadaha iyo habka 5.1 oggolaanshaheeda caddayn 5.2 sharraxaadda 6 Xisaabta Philosophy 7 Applied Xisaabta 7.1 Physics 7.2 Falanqaynta nambarada 8 Tababarka 9 Sidoo kale eeg 10 Ilaha 10.1 qormo 10.2 ilo lagu daabacay 10.3 Quote Original 11 links Dibadda[[File:Mathematics lecture at the Helsinki University of Technology.jpg|thumb|Xisaab]] '''Xisaab''' waa cilmiga wax xisaabinta. Waxaa jira afar xisaab-fal oo kala ah: * ''isku-dar'' (+), * ''ka-jar ama ka-goy''(-), * ''isu-qaybin'' (/) iyo * ''isku dhufasho'' (x). Laba tiro marka laysku daro wixii ka soo baxa waxaa la yiraahdaa ''wadar''. sida * 2+5=7 wadarta 2 iyo 5 waa 7. Laba tiro marka la kala jaro wixii ka soo baxa waxaa la yiraahdaa ''farqi''. sida * 3-1=2 farqiga 3 iyo 1 waa 2. Laba tiro marka laysku dhufto wixii ka soo baxa waxaa la yiraahdaa ''taran''. sida * 2 x 3 = 6. Taranta 2 iyo 3 waa lix. sidoo kale afartaa waxaa dheer iyagoo jajaba marka lagu shaqaynayo * matalan 1/4 +1/4 =1/2 * hadaynu kala goynana waa 1/2 - 1/4 =1/4 * haddii aan isku dhufanana waa 1/2 * 1/2 =1/4 * haddii aan isku qaybinana waa 1/2 / 1/2 =1 Isticmaalka ama dabbakhida xisaabta dhiraandhirinta (Derivative) Xisaabtan looyaaqaano dhiraandhirinta ama afka qalaad loogu yeedho “derivative” waa qaybta asalka u ah labada qaybood ee ay ‘Caculus’tu u qeybsanto, taas oo leh faaiidooyin ama isticmaal farobadan oo xal u ah weydiimooyin xisaabeed oo faro badan. Hadaba si ay u fududaato isticmaalka dhiraandhirintu aynu soo qaadano tusaalooyin faro badan oo ku saabsan xisaabtan aadka muhiimka u ah. '''Tusaale 1:-''' Warshada kaaluunka samaysa ee laasqorey ayaa doonaysa inay sameyso kartoono(baakado) lagu keydiyo kaluunka ay qasacadeyso. waxayna warshadu go’aan ku gaadhey in kartoon kasta oo ka mida kartoomadaa uu yeesho sal labo jibaaran islamarkaana wadarta bed-duleedka kartoon kasta uu noqdo 192 mitir oo labojibaaran, sida ka muuqata jaantuska hoose. Muxuu noqonayaa kartooka dhalinaya mugga ugu weyn dhinacyadiisu(dimensions) [[File:Parallelepipede.png|thumb|left|Kartoon]] '''Xalin''':- Sababtoo ah kartoonka oo leh sal labo-jibaaran, muggiisa waxaa lagu helaa * (sal x sal x jog) ama Mug (V) = x.x.h = x2. h, Sidoo kale wadarta bed-duleed (Surface area,)(S) waxaa lagu heli karaa bedka salka + bed-deleedka ama * S = x2 + 4xh . * S = 192 * x2 + 4xh = 192 * 4xh = 192 – x2 (dhinac walba ka goo x2) * h = (192 – x2)/4x (dhinac walba 4x u qeybi) * V = x2h * » V = x2(192 – x2)/4x (booska h dhig qiimaheda) * = x2(192/4x – x2/4x ) * = 192x/4 – x3/4 = = 48x – x3/4 Imika isticamaal dhiraandhirinta (derivative) si aad u heshid dhinacyada kartoonka ee dhalinaya mugga ugu weyn. Horaadka (D) muuqda (feasible domain) ee ay X noqon karto , ee waliba macnaha sameenaya weydiintan * waa :- 0 ≤ x ≤ √192 * V = 48x – x3/4 * dV/dx = 48 – 3x2/4 * dV/dx = 0 = 48 – 3x2/4 = 0 * 3x2 = 192 * x2 = 192/3 = x2 = 64 * X = ± √64 › X = ± 8 * -8 kamid maaha horaadka muuqda ee X, sidaa ajligeed X = 8 . * jooga kartoonkuna waa :- h = (192 – x2)/4x = (192 – 82)/32 = 4 Sidaa daraadeed dhinacyada kartoonku waa in ay noqdaan * 8 x 8 x 4 si ay u dhaliyaan mugga ugu weyn kaasoo ah 256m3. Fiiro gaara:- Waxaa jira kartoono sal labo jibaaran leh oo aan tiro (xad) lahayn oo leh wadar bed-duleed(surface area) lamid ah 192 (ie: (42 + 4 x 4 x 11), ama (52 + 5 x 2 x 16.7), iwm) balse dhamaan dhinacyada kartomadaasi ma dhalinayaan muga ugu weyn. Kan aynu xisaabiney dhinacaydiisa ayaa ah ka kaliya ee samaynaya muga ugu weyn. Halakaas waxaad ka ogaan kartaa faaiidada ay leedahay dabakhida ama isticmaalka dhiraandhirinta(derivative). '''Tusaale 2''' Engineer guryaha dhisa ayaa doonaya inuu nashqadeeyo cabirka daaqadaha guri ku yaala magaalada kismaayo.waxa uuna Engineerku doonayaa in daaqadkasta qeybteeda sare u ekaato nus-goobo (goobo barkeed), qeybta hoosana ahaato leydi sida daaqadaha caadiga ah, sida ka muuqata jaantuska hoose. Muxuu noqoneyaa cabirka hareeraha(dhinacyada) daaqadkasta ee uu Engineerku nashaqadeynayo, dhinacyadaasoo samaynaya bedka ugu weyn ee dariishadaha, haddii wareega guud ee daaqadkasta uu yahay 8m? ''Xal Siin'' * <Wareega guud = 8 * <Wareega nus-goobada = pr / 2 * <Wareega leydiga = x+2y ''Weydiin'' * <!Dhinacyada dhalinaya bedka ugu weyn? * Wwareeg (P) = x + 2y + (px/ 2) * 8 = x + 2y + (p.x / 2) * 16 = 2x + 4y + px (dhinackasta ku dhufo 2) * 4y = 16 – 2x – px (dhinac walba ka jar 2x iyo px) * Y = 4 – x/2 –px/4 * Bed (A) = bedka leydiga + bedka nus-goobada * = x . y + (p. (x/2)^2 )/2 * = x (4 – x/2 –px/4) + p/2(x^2/4) * = 4x – (x^2)/2 –(px^2)/4 + (px^2)/8 * = 4x – x^2/2 – px^2/8 Isticmaal imika habka dhiraandhirinta saad u heshid dhinacyada dariishadkasta kaas oo dhalinaya bedka ugu weyn * A = 4x – x^2/2 – px^2/8 * dA/dx = 4 – x – px/4 * dA/dx = 0 * 4 – x – px/4 = 0 * 4 = x + px/4 * 4 = x(1 + p/4) * 4 = x(4 + p )/4 * X = 16/ (4 + p ) dhiraandhirinta labaad (second derivative) ee bedku waa * (– 1+p/4), kaas oo taban marka X = 16/ (4 + p). Sidaa daraadeed marka dhinacyada dariishad kasta ay kala yihiin: * X = 16/ (4 + p), ( ≈2.24) , Y = 32/ (4 + p), ( ≈ 4.48) ayaa samaynaya bedka ugu weyn ee daaqad kasta. ''layli'' Taranta labo tiro oo tirsiima ayaa ah 180 isla markaana wadarta labada tiro ayaa ah ta ugu yar, Raadi labad tiro? si uu u dhiso cali wado weyn oo u dhexeysa labo magaalo ayaa ay khasab tahay inuu buuxiyo tog u dhexeeya labada magaalo kaasoo dhinacyada janjeedhkiisu kala yihiin 5% iyo 6%. haddii labada dacal ee sare ee togu isu jiraan masaafo dhan 100m Raadi cabirka meesha ugu hooseysa ee toga? &&& ____________________________________ &&& Isle’egyada Isle’egyada waxaa lagu xalin karaa dhowr qaab oo kala duwan . Waxaana ka mid ah qaababkaa: qaabka daboolida, qaabka wareejinta iww. Tusaale 1 qaabka daboolida(cover up method) Xali isle’egta hoos ku qoran gacantaada saar tirada door soomaha wadata, waxaa halkan kaaga cad in tirada aad gacantaada saartay ay lamid tahay 4 taaso marka loo qeybiyo hooseeyaha (4) maxsuulka soo baxaya uu yahay 1. Sidaa daraadeed * 3x = 4 dhinac walba u qeybi 3 X = Tusaale 2 * Xali isle’egta hoose 4x + 5 = 7 + 5 = 7 4x = 2 Xusuus:- Qaabka daboolida marka la isticmaalayo waxaa la daboolayaa (qarinayaa) tirada doorsoomaha wadata mar walba kadibna waxaa la le’ekeysiinayaa tiradan doosoomaha wadata ee la qariyey tirada run kadhigaysa isle’egta lagu siiyay * [[Aljebra]] Tirada set A waa a ururinta isku qodob in la kulmo Zermelo-Fraenkels dhigay aragti. Tusaale ahaan, a ururinta of tiro {1, 2, 3} waa go'an uguna, {1, 2, 3, ...} si kastaba ha ahaatee waa xad la'aan ah dhibcood taasoo ka dhigan tiriyey sii. kala duwan A la'aan content waxaa la odhan jiray set maran. tiro A ka koobnaan karaa dhawr subsets kale. Daraasiin ayaa lagu bartay in aragtida tirada. Functions ka aag, domain ka qaado qiyamka, iyo u yeelaan qiimaha aag oo kala duwan, cadadka qiimaha. Hadalka Xisaabta nidaamka tiro ka kooban tahay iyo kuwo kale ee tirooyinka caadiga ah, abyoonayaasha, tirooyinka buuxa, tirada dhabta ah iyo lambarada adag. Waxaan qaybtan ku siin doonaa soo jeedinta ku saabsan dhismaha tirada dabiiciga ah iyadoo la isticmaalayo axioms Peano. Iyada oo ku saleysan qaab-dhismeedka this, waxaan ku siin doonaa qeexidda ah Silverman abyooneyaasha ah; waxaan isticmaali cadayn ereyga loola jeedaa fikradaha aasaasiga ah oo aan naftooda ku kalsoonaadaan natiijada macquul dheefay. Iyada oo ku saleysan qeexidda abyoonayaasha aan dhiso kartaa tirooyinka buuxa iyada oo la samaynaayo isticmaalka lammaanaha tirooyinka. Dhismaha A ee tirada dhabta ah laga helay shaqo Richard Dedekind oo ay ku jiraan Dhismaha tirada dabiiciga ah [edit | edit source] Iyada oo tirada N dabiiciga ah, waxaan ula jeednaa qadarka abyoonaha non-negative (0, 1, 2, iwm). Durba annagu waxaannu ku dhisi qarniyo by bilaabo element gaar ah 0. Haddaba, waxaan la wadaajin tirada soo socota ee N 0 + 1, iyo (0 + 1) + 1, iyo wixii la mid ah. Noocan ah fahamka tirada dabiiciga ah waa dareen leh, la moodayay mid aan toos aheyn sababtoo ah + ma aha hawlgal si wanaagsan u qeexan. Ma, in view this, ka arki kartaa in N waa tiro aan la koobi karayn, maxaa yeelay, wax xuja ah in N waa la koobi karayn yihiin kuwa soo socda: ({\ bandhigay qaab \ Alfa} \ Alfa) Ka soo qaad jiro aad N markaas element weyn n + 1 oo ka mid ah n iyo n + 1 waa ka weyn yahay n, n sidaas ma noqon karo tirada ugu badan ee n iyo iyada oo absurdum ad reductio kuma jiraan tiro n ugu weyn. Fiiro gaar ah bayaanka in n + 1 waa ka weyn yahay n, waxaa run ma aha maxaa yeelay, waxaannu aan weli helin wax dareen xisaabeed ah ama "ka yar" "ka weyn". axioms Peano xaliyaan dhibaatooyinka doodan: <nowiki>Nidaamka {\ mathbb bandhigay qaab \ {N}} {\ mathbb {N}}, kuwaas oo xubno aan ugu yeedhaan tirooyinka caadiga ah, waa noocyo kala duwan oo la element gaar ah 0 iyo p function ka N si N sida in soo socda saddex xaaladaha la buuxiyo:</nowiki> <nowiki>{\ Style Display (i) \ qquad s (n) \ neq 0 {\ text {xubno dhan}} n \ in mathbb \ {N}} (n) \ neq 0 {\ text (i) \ qquad s {for dhamaan qaybaha}} n \ ee {\ mathbb {n}}</nowiki> <nowiki>{\ Style Display (ii) \ qquad s (m) = s (n) \ Xaqa Arrow m = n {\ text {ee dhammaan canaasiirta}} m, n \ in mathbb \ {N}} (ii) \ qquad s (m ) = s (n) \ m = n {\ text {dhan}} xubno m Xaqa Arrow, n \ ee {\ mathbb {n}}</nowiki> <nowiki>{\ Display style (iii) qquad \ {\ text {} haddii}} A \ subseteq \ mathbb {N {\ text {iyo}} s (n) \ ee A {\ text {dhan}} n \ in \ mathbb {N} {\ text {waxaa heysta in}} A = \ mathbb {N}} (iii) qquad \ {\ text {haddii}} A \ subseteq {\ mathbb {N}} {\ text {iyo}} s (n) \ ee A {\ text {dhan}} n \ ee {\ mathbb {n}} {\ text {waxaa heysta in}} {A = \ mathbb {n}}</nowiki> <nowiki>comments Qaar ka mid ah, waayo, tiro kasta oo dabiici ah n, waxaannu nidhaahnaa, s (n) waa bedelka iyo waxaan u qeexaan s eego "la taaban karo" by teeb {\ style bandhigay, s (n) = n + 1} s (n) = N + 1. Sababtoo ah waxaan rabnaa in aan hadalka oo dhan N waa non-xun, ma aha adag tahay in la arko in (i) waa shuruud macquul ah. Ku saabsan (ii): Ka soo qaad in looga baahan yahay in aan la kulmay. ka dibna waxaan jeclaan lahaa s (n) = s (m) {\ style bandhigay, s (n) = s (m) \ Xaqa + 1 = m + 1 Arrow n} \ Xaqa Arrow n + 1 = m + 1aad Inta aan hadda ay ogaadaan in aan kala jaro (qaliin ma qeexay on N, waayo, haddii goynta lagu qeexi lahaa noqon lahaa N qadar non-xiran, sida in ay jiraan xubno ku N sida in howlgal binary codsatay iyaga, taasoo keentay in element ah n ma innheåller tusaale:. 0-1 = -1 ma aha n) iyo n = m, si haddii m waa ka n kala duwan, waxaan leenahay natiijo xisaabeed oo aan waafaqsan / dhaqameed / xisaabta guud heerarka dareen. Sidaas awgeed waa macquul in (ii) khusaysaa. (Iii) aynu u qayshanno induction xisaabta. A ka koobnaan kartaa noocyo kala duwan oo guryaha P (n) sabab u ah hadalka dabiiciga ah aad N. Haddii hantida, mararka qaarkood loo yaqaan bayaanka, P (n) in P (n + 1) N oo dhammow, waxaannu nidhaahnaa, P (n) haya ee dhammaan n iyo qori kartaa {\ style bandhigay A = \ {n \ in mathbb \ {} n | P (n) \} = \ mathbb {n}} A = \ {n \ ee {\ mathbb { n}} | P (n) \} = {\ mathbb {n}} (set A la akhriyey: set ee tirooyinka caadiga ah n kaas oo P (n) khuseysaa). induction The keenaysaa in dhibaatooyin falsafada badan waxaa ka mid ah si fiican u yaqaan by David Hume.</nowiki> Iyadoo sal ka axioms Peano, aan qeexo waxaa dheer iyo isku dhufashada. Isku geynta: m element The, n in N, waxaan leenahay in m + n waxaa laga codsadaa n jeer s in s (m). Si kooban: {\ style bandhigay m + n = p ^ {n} (m)} m + n = p ^ {n} (m). Sida aan u fuliyaan hab this, nidhaahno n ku dar in m. Nidaamka waxaa loo yaqaan intaa dheer. Sidaas darteed, + howlgal si wanaagsan u qeexan binary. Isku dhufashada: m * n helay dhismaha g shaqo oo khuseysaa jeer SL ah, ka dibna codsan jeer GN at 0. kooban: {\ style bandhigay cdot m \ n = (s ^ m {}) ^ {N} (0)} m cdot \ n = (s ^ m {}) ^ {n} (0). Marka aan u oofiyo Aragti itimaalka doonaya in lagu qeexo oo barato daydo xisaabeed ee ifafaale random laga eego teori. Statistics waa aagga doonaya in ay abuuraan hababka, mabaadiida, shuruudaha, iwm si uu ugala hadlo xogta ka ifafaale random ama xogta laga tijaabo iyo u fiirsiga xaqiiqada ka. Aqoonta iyo aragtiyaha aragti itimaalka waxaa loo isticmaali karaa si loo qorsheeyo hababka sida, mabaadii'da iyo shuruudaha, taas oo muujinaysa in aragtida ixtimaalka iyo tirakoobka aragtida ah kuwa aad ula xiriira. Daydo loo isticmaalo in cilmiga badan tacliinta, kuwaas oo inta badan deterministic. Taas macnaheedu waa in la siiyo tiro ka mid ah qiimaha bilowga yaqaan, waxaan saadaalin karaa dhacdo mustaqbalka. [[Isaac Newton]] muujisay in qaynuunnadiisa of mooshin waa deterministic maxaa yeelay, way saadaalin karaa waqtiga ay qaadato in Earth uu u sameeyo mid ka mid ah kacaankii agagaarka qorraxda. In itimaalka aragti bartay ifafaale random, taas oo natiijada mustaqbalka aan si sax ah loo saadaalin karo, sidaas darteed, ma wada hadleen daydo deterministic aan loogu yeero daydo probabilistic. Tusaale ahaan, lacagta qadaadiicda gana ugub ah random, inkasta oo aan aqoon buuxda oo ku saabsan design qadaadiic ah sida waa symmetric, annagu kala ma saadaalin karo, taas oo ay dhacdo in ay noqon doonto madaxdii ama dabo. Halkii model ah deterministic u baahan probabilistic ah. Farqiga u khuseeya dhexeeya aragtida ixtimaalka iyo tirakoobka aragti waa in aragtida ixtimaalka ayaa (a) la siiyo model random iyo isku day ka this saadaaliyo natiijada tijaabo random, halka aragti tirakoobka yahay mid kasoo horjeeda, oo waannu (b) natiijada tijaabo ah random oo aad rabto inaad kala tilmaamaan model dahsoon random. biochemist A isticmaali kartaa hababka tirakoobka si ay u horumariyaan daawo in yareeyaa madax xanuun. daawo la eego dadka kala duwan ee kala duwanaan doonaa inta u dhaxaysa dadka ka dhigan tahay in ay la kulmaan isbedel aad u kala duwan in madax ay. Falanqaynta A tirakoobka ee xogta laga sida tijaabo ah jawaabi kartaa inta gargaarka laga fili karo celcelis ahaan. * [https://www.jw.org/en/library/magazines/g20030522/Math-Is-for-Everyone/ Math Is for Everyone] [[Category:Xisaab| ]] 6wd9lazs9lp7zfq3kl9pn1g3o9qbpss 239723 239722 2022-08-09T13:07:09Z EnsiklopediaXylon 31252 Noqay bedelaadka 239722 ee sameeyay [[Special:Contributions/EnsiklopediaXylon|EnsiklopediaXylon]] ([[User talk:EnsiklopediaXylon|hadal]]) wikitext text/x-wiki Xisaabta (ka Greek: Μαθηματικά) waa saynis ah aan la taaban karin iyo guud ee xalinta dhibaatada iyo horumarinta habka. Haddii kale, waxaad u xil karaa sida sayniska ah xiriirka taranta iyo qaab-dhismeedka aan ollogga ah ee dunida dhabta ah. Aan la taaban karin, sababtoo ah waxaa laftiisa laga xoreeyey dhibaatooyin asal gaarka ah iyo guud ahaan in ay tahay dabaqi karo meelo badan. Tusaalooyinka fikradaha xisaabeed waa cod, xogta, qaab-dhismeedka, tirada, meesha iyo xidhiidhkooda. Ama fikradaha sida aan la taaban karin (xisaabta saafi ah) ama codsiyada in nidaamo sayniska sida physics iyo technology (xisaabta codsatay). Iyada oo hay'adaha waxbarasho sayniska ee meel iyo waqti, ma cadda in kaasaa run ah, waayo waxyaabaha ka bartay in xisaabta. Intaas waxaa sii dheer, habab kala duwan oo ka mid ah imtixaanka, waayo, sayniska u muuqdaan in ay u isticmaalaan hababka induction iyo hababka xisaabta ee jaro. Waayo, tan iyo sababo kale oo ku xusan kicisaa xisaabta ontological iyo arrimaha epistemological ka aragti cilmiyeed furay. Arimahaa oo dhan ayaa waxaa ka hadlay in falsafadda ah xisaabta. [[File:Zhujiajiao City God Temple abacus.JPG|thumb|Xisaab]] Tusmada 1 Asalkeeda 2 Taariikhda 2.1 xisaabyahannada 3 Qaabka iyo Eray bixinta 3.1 Tirada 3.2 Hadalka 3.2.1 Dhismaha tirada dabiiciga ah 3.2.2 Qeexidda abyoonayaasha 3.2.3 Dhismaha oo ka mid ah tirooyinka buuxa 3.2.4 Dhismaha tirada dhabta ah 3.3 Rooms 3.4 sal Xisaabeed 4 dhigan karo 4.1 itimaalka iyo Statistics 4.2 xisaabta 4.3 Joometri 4.4 Algebra 4.5 falanqaynta Xisaabeed 4.6 netavisen Xisaabta 5 Calaamadaha iyo habka 5.1 oggolaanshaheeda caddayn 5.2 sharraxaadda 6 Xisaabta Philosophy 7 Applied Xisaabta 7.1 Physics 7.2 Falanqaynta nambarada 8 Tababarka 9 Sidoo kale eeg 10 Ilaha 10.1 qormo 10.2 ilo lagu daabacay 10.3 Quote Original [[File:Mathematics lecture at the Helsinki University of Technology.jpg|thumb|Xisaab]] '''Xisaab''' waa cilmiga wax xisaabinta. Waxaa jira afar xisaab-fal oo kala ah: * ''isku-dar'' (+), * ''ka-jar ama ka-goy''(-), * ''isu-qaybin'' (/) iyo * ''isku dhufasho'' (x). Laba tiro marka laysku daro wixii ka soo baxa waxaa la yiraahdaa ''wadar''. sida * 2+5=7 wadarta 2 iyo 5 waa 7. Laba tiro marka la kala jaro wixii ka soo baxa waxaa la yiraahdaa ''farqi''. sida * 3-1=2 farqiga 3 iyo 1 waa 2. Laba tiro marka laysku dhufto wixii ka soo baxa waxaa la yiraahdaa ''taran''. sida * 2 x 3 = 6. Taranta 2 iyo 3 waa lix. sidoo kale afartaa waxaa dheer iyagoo jajaba marka lagu shaqaynayo * matalan 1/4 +1/4 =1/2 * hadaynu kala goynana waa 1/2 - 1/4 =1/4 * haddii aan isku dhufanana waa 1/2 * 1/2 =1/4 * haddii aan isku qaybinana waa 1/2 / 1/2 =1 Isticmaalka ama dabbakhida xisaabta dhiraandhirinta (Derivative) Xisaabtan looyaaqaano dhiraandhirinta ama afka qalaad loogu yeedho “derivative” waa qaybta asalka u ah labada qaybood ee ay ‘Caculus’tu u qeybsanto, taas oo leh faaiidooyin ama isticmaal farobadan oo xal u ah weydiimooyin xisaabeed oo faro badan. Hadaba si ay u fududaato isticmaalka dhiraandhirintu aynu soo qaadano tusaalooyin faro badan oo ku saabsan xisaabtan aadka muhiimka u ah. '''Tusaale 1:-''' Warshada kaaluunka samaysa ee laasqorey ayaa doonaysa inay sameyso kartoono(baakado) lagu keydiyo kaluunka ay qasacadeyso. waxayna warshadu go’aan ku gaadhey in kartoon kasta oo ka mida kartoomadaa uu yeesho sal labo jibaaran islamarkaana wadarta bed-duleedka kartoon kasta uu noqdo 192 mitir oo labojibaaran, sida ka muuqata jaantuska hoose. Muxuu noqonayaa kartooka dhalinaya mugga ugu weyn dhinacyadiisu(dimensions) [[File:Parallelepipede.png|thumb|left|Kartoon]] '''Xalin''':- Sababtoo ah kartoonka oo leh sal labo-jibaaran, muggiisa waxaa lagu helaa * (sal x sal x jog) ama Mug (V) = x.x.h = x2. h, Sidoo kale wadarta bed-duleed (Surface area,)(S) waxaa lagu heli karaa bedka salka + bed-deleedka ama * S = x2 + 4xh . * S = 192 * x2 + 4xh = 192 * 4xh = 192 – x2 (dhinac walba ka goo x2) * h = (192 – x2)/4x (dhinac walba 4x u qeybi) * V = x2h * » V = x2(192 – x2)/4x (booska h dhig qiimaheda) * = x2(192/4x – x2/4x ) * = 192x/4 – x3/4 = = 48x – x3/4 Imika isticamaal dhiraandhirinta (derivative) si aad u heshid dhinacyada kartoonka ee dhalinaya mugga ugu weyn. Horaadka (D) muuqda (feasible domain) ee ay X noqon karto , ee waliba macnaha sameenaya weydiintan * waa :- 0 ≤ x ≤ √192 * V = 48x – x3/4 * dV/dx = 48 – 3x2/4 * dV/dx = 0 = 48 – 3x2/4 = 0 * 3x2 = 192 * x2 = 192/3 = x2 = 64 * X = ± √64 › X = ± 8 * -8 kamid maaha horaadka muuqda ee X, sidaa ajligeed X = 8 . * jooga kartoonkuna waa :- h = (192 – x2)/4x = (192 – 82)/32 = 4 Sidaa daraadeed dhinacyada kartoonku waa in ay noqdaan * 8 x 8 x 4 si ay u dhaliyaan mugga ugu weyn kaasoo ah 256m3. Fiiro gaara:- Waxaa jira kartoono sal labo jibaaran leh oo aan tiro (xad) lahayn oo leh wadar bed-duleed(surface area) lamid ah 192 (ie: (42 + 4 x 4 x 11), ama (52 + 5 x 2 x 16.7), iwm) balse dhamaan dhinacyada kartomadaasi ma dhalinayaan muga ugu weyn. Kan aynu xisaabiney dhinacaydiisa ayaa ah ka kaliya ee samaynaya muga ugu weyn. Halakaas waxaad ka ogaan kartaa faaiidada ay leedahay dabakhida ama isticmaalka dhiraandhirinta(derivative). '''Tusaale 2''' Engineer guryaha dhisa ayaa doonaya inuu nashqadeeyo cabirka daaqadaha guri ku yaala magaalada kismaayo.waxa uuna Engineerku doonayaa in daaqadkasta qeybteeda sare u ekaato nus-goobo (goobo barkeed), qeybta hoosana ahaato leydi sida daaqadaha caadiga ah, sida ka muuqata jaantuska hoose. Muxuu noqoneyaa cabirka hareeraha(dhinacyada) daaqadkasta ee uu Engineerku nashaqadeynayo, dhinacyadaasoo samaynaya bedka ugu weyn ee dariishadaha, haddii wareega guud ee daaqadkasta uu yahay 8m? ''Xal Siin'' * <Wareega guud = 8 * <Wareega nus-goobada = pr / 2 * <Wareega leydiga = x+2y ''Weydiin'' * <!Dhinacyada dhalinaya bedka ugu weyn? * Wwareeg (P) = x + 2y + (px/ 2) * 8 = x + 2y + (p.x / 2) * 16 = 2x + 4y + px (dhinackasta ku dhufo 2) * 4y = 16 – 2x – px (dhinac walba ka jar 2x iyo px) * Y = 4 – x/2 –px/4 * Bed (A) = bedka leydiga + bedka nus-goobada * = x . y + (p. (x/2)^2 )/2 * = x (4 – x/2 –px/4) + p/2(x^2/4) * = 4x – (x^2)/2 –(px^2)/4 + (px^2)/8 * = 4x – x^2/2 – px^2/8 Isticmaal imika habka dhiraandhirinta saad u heshid dhinacyada dariishadkasta kaas oo dhalinaya bedka ugu weyn * A = 4x – x^2/2 – px^2/8 * dA/dx = 4 – x – px/4 * dA/dx = 0 * 4 – x – px/4 = 0 * 4 = x + px/4 * 4 = x(1 + p/4) * 4 = x(4 + p )/4 * X = 16/ (4 + p ) dhiraandhirinta labaad (second derivative) ee bedku waa * (– 1+p/4), kaas oo taban marka X = 16/ (4 + p). Sidaa daraadeed marka dhinacyada dariishad kasta ay kala yihiin: * X = 16/ (4 + p), ( ≈2.24) , Y = 32/ (4 + p), ( ≈ 4.48) ayaa samaynaya bedka ugu weyn ee daaqad kasta. ''layli'' Taranta labo tiro oo tirsiima ayaa ah 180 isla markaana wadarta labada tiro ayaa ah ta ugu yar, Raadi labad tiro? si uu u dhiso cali wado weyn oo u dhexeysa labo magaalo ayaa ay khasab tahay inuu buuxiyo tog u dhexeeya labada magaalo kaasoo dhinacyada janjeedhkiisu kala yihiin 5% iyo 6%. haddii labada dacal ee sare ee togu isu jiraan masaafo dhan 100m Raadi cabirka meesha ugu hooseysa ee toga? &&& ____________________________________ &&& Isle’egyada Isle’egyada waxaa lagu xalin karaa dhowr qaab oo kala duwan . Waxaana ka mid ah qaababkaa: qaabka daboolida, qaabka wareejinta iww. Tusaale 1 qaabka daboolida(cover up method) Xali isle’egta hoos ku qoran gacantaada saar tirada door soomaha wadata, waxaa halkan kaaga cad in tirada aad gacantaada saartay ay lamid tahay 4 taaso marka loo qeybiyo hooseeyaha (4) maxsuulka soo baxaya uu yahay 1. Sidaa daraadeed * 3x = 4 dhinac walba u qeybi 3 X = Tusaale 2 * Xali isle’egta hoose 4x + 5 = 7 + 5 = 7 4x = 2 Xusuus:- Qaabka daboolida marka la isticmaalayo waxaa la daboolayaa (qarinayaa) tirada doorsoomaha wadata mar walba kadibna waxaa la le’ekeysiinayaa tiradan doosoomaha wadata ee la qariyey tirada run kadhigaysa isle’egta lagu siiyay * [[Aljebra]] Tirada set A waa a ururinta isku qodob in la kulmo Zermelo-Fraenkels dhigay aragti. Tusaale ahaan, a ururinta of tiro {1, 2, 3} waa go'an uguna, {1, 2, 3, ...} si kastaba ha ahaatee waa xad la'aan ah dhibcood taasoo ka dhigan tiriyey sii. kala duwan A la'aan content waxaa la odhan jiray set maran. tiro A ka koobnaan karaa dhawr subsets kale. Daraasiin ayaa lagu bartay in aragtida tirada. Functions ka aag, domain ka qaado qiyamka, iyo u yeelaan qiimaha aag oo kala duwan, cadadka qiimaha. Hadalka Xisaabta nidaamka tiro ka kooban tahay iyo kuwo kale ee tirooyinka caadiga ah, abyoonayaasha, tirooyinka buuxa, tirada dhabta ah iyo lambarada adag. Waxaan qaybtan ku siin doonaa soo jeedinta ku saabsan dhismaha tirada dabiiciga ah iyadoo la isticmaalayo axioms Peano. Iyada oo ku saleysan qaab-dhismeedka this, waxaan ku siin doonaa qeexidda ah Silverman abyooneyaasha ah; waxaan isticmaali cadayn ereyga loola jeedaa fikradaha aasaasiga ah oo aan naftooda ku kalsoonaadaan natiijada macquul dheefay. Iyada oo ku saleysan qeexidda abyoonayaasha aan dhiso kartaa tirooyinka buuxa iyada oo la samaynaayo isticmaalka lammaanaha tirooyinka. Dhismaha A ee tirada dhabta ah laga helay shaqo Richard Dedekind oo ay ku jiraan Dhismaha tirada dabiiciga ah [edit | edit source] Iyada oo tirada N dabiiciga ah, waxaan ula jeednaa qadarka abyoonaha non-negative (0, 1, 2, iwm). Durba annagu waxaannu ku dhisi qarniyo by bilaabo element gaar ah 0. Haddaba, waxaan la wadaajin tirada soo socota ee N 0 + 1, iyo (0 + 1) + 1, iyo wixii la mid ah. Noocan ah fahamka tirada dabiiciga ah waa dareen leh, la moodayay mid aan toos aheyn sababtoo ah + ma aha hawlgal si wanaagsan u qeexan. Ma, in view this, ka arki kartaa in N waa tiro aan la koobi karayn, maxaa yeelay, wax xuja ah in N waa la koobi karayn yihiin kuwa soo socda: ({\ bandhigay qaab \ Alfa} \ Alfa) Ka soo qaad jiro aad N markaas element weyn n + 1 oo ka mid ah n iyo n + 1 waa ka weyn yahay n, n sidaas ma noqon karo tirada ugu badan ee n iyo iyada oo absurdum ad reductio kuma jiraan tiro n ugu weyn. Fiiro gaar ah bayaanka in n + 1 waa ka weyn yahay n, waxaa run ma aha maxaa yeelay, waxaannu aan weli helin wax dareen xisaabeed ah ama "ka yar" "ka weyn". axioms Peano xaliyaan dhibaatooyinka doodan: <nowiki>Nidaamka {\ mathbb bandhigay qaab \ {N}} {\ mathbb {N}}, kuwaas oo xubno aan ugu yeedhaan tirooyinka caadiga ah, waa noocyo kala duwan oo la element gaar ah 0 iyo p function ka N si N sida in soo socda saddex xaaladaha la buuxiyo:</nowiki> <nowiki>{\ Style Display (i) \ qquad s (n) \ neq 0 {\ text {xubno dhan}} n \ in mathbb \ {N}} (n) \ neq 0 {\ text (i) \ qquad s {for dhamaan qaybaha}} n \ ee {\ mathbb {n}}</nowiki> <nowiki>{\ Style Display (ii) \ qquad s (m) = s (n) \ Xaqa Arrow m = n {\ text {ee dhammaan canaasiirta}} m, n \ in mathbb \ {N}} (ii) \ qquad s (m ) = s (n) \ m = n {\ text {dhan}} xubno m Xaqa Arrow, n \ ee {\ mathbb {n}}</nowiki> <nowiki>{\ Display style (iii) qquad \ {\ text {} haddii}} A \ subseteq \ mathbb {N {\ text {iyo}} s (n) \ ee A {\ text {dhan}} n \ in \ mathbb {N} {\ text {waxaa heysta in}} A = \ mathbb {N}} (iii) qquad \ {\ text {haddii}} A \ subseteq {\ mathbb {N}} {\ text {iyo}} s (n) \ ee A {\ text {dhan}} n \ ee {\ mathbb {n}} {\ text {waxaa heysta in}} {A = \ mathbb {n}}</nowiki> <nowiki>comments Qaar ka mid ah, waayo, tiro kasta oo dabiici ah n, waxaannu nidhaahnaa, s (n) waa bedelka iyo waxaan u qeexaan s eego "la taaban karo" by teeb {\ style bandhigay, s (n) = n + 1} s (n) = N + 1. Sababtoo ah waxaan rabnaa in aan hadalka oo dhan N waa non-xun, ma aha adag tahay in la arko in (i) waa shuruud macquul ah. Ku saabsan (ii): Ka soo qaad in looga baahan yahay in aan la kulmay. ka dibna waxaan jeclaan lahaa s (n) = s (m) {\ style bandhigay, s (n) = s (m) \ Xaqa + 1 = m + 1 Arrow n} \ Xaqa Arrow n + 1 = m + 1aad Inta aan hadda ay ogaadaan in aan kala jaro (qaliin ma qeexay on N, waayo, haddii goynta lagu qeexi lahaa noqon lahaa N qadar non-xiran, sida in ay jiraan xubno ku N sida in howlgal binary codsatay iyaga, taasoo keentay in element ah n ma innheåller tusaale:. 0-1 = -1 ma aha n) iyo n = m, si haddii m waa ka n kala duwan, waxaan leenahay natiijo xisaabeed oo aan waafaqsan / dhaqameed / xisaabta guud heerarka dareen. Sidaas awgeed waa macquul in (ii) khusaysaa. (Iii) aynu u qayshanno induction xisaabta. A ka koobnaan kartaa noocyo kala duwan oo guryaha P (n) sabab u ah hadalka dabiiciga ah aad N. Haddii hantida, mararka qaarkood loo yaqaan bayaanka, P (n) in P (n + 1) N oo dhammow, waxaannu nidhaahnaa, P (n) haya ee dhammaan n iyo qori kartaa {\ style bandhigay A = \ {n \ in mathbb \ {} n | P (n) \} = \ mathbb {n}} A = \ {n \ ee {\ mathbb { n}} | P (n) \} = {\ mathbb {n}} (set A la akhriyey: set ee tirooyinka caadiga ah n kaas oo P (n) khuseysaa). induction The keenaysaa in dhibaatooyin falsafada badan waxaa ka mid ah si fiican u yaqaan by David Hume.</nowiki> Iyadoo sal ka axioms Peano, aan qeexo waxaa dheer iyo isku dhufashada. Isku geynta: m element The, n in N, waxaan leenahay in m + n waxaa laga codsadaa n jeer s in s (m). Si kooban: {\ style bandhigay m + n = p ^ {n} (m)} m + n = p ^ {n} (m). Sida aan u fuliyaan hab this, nidhaahno n ku dar in m. Nidaamka waxaa loo yaqaan intaa dheer. Sidaas darteed, + howlgal si wanaagsan u qeexan binary. Isku dhufashada: m * n helay dhismaha g shaqo oo khuseysaa jeer SL ah, ka dibna codsan jeer GN at 0. kooban: {\ style bandhigay cdot m \ n = (s ^ m {}) ^ {N} (0)} m cdot \ n = (s ^ m {}) ^ {n} (0). Marka aan u oofiyo Aragti itimaalka doonaya in lagu qeexo oo barato daydo xisaabeed ee ifafaale random laga eego teori. Statistics waa aagga doonaya in ay abuuraan hababka, mabaadiida, shuruudaha, iwm si uu ugala hadlo xogta ka ifafaale random ama xogta laga tijaabo iyo u fiirsiga xaqiiqada ka. Aqoonta iyo aragtiyaha aragti itimaalka waxaa loo isticmaali karaa si loo qorsheeyo hababka sida, mabaadii'da iyo shuruudaha, taas oo muujinaysa in aragtida ixtimaalka iyo tirakoobka aragtida ah kuwa aad ula xiriira. Daydo loo isticmaalo in cilmiga badan tacliinta, kuwaas oo inta badan deterministic. Taas macnaheedu waa in la siiyo tiro ka mid ah qiimaha bilowga yaqaan, waxaan saadaalin karaa dhacdo mustaqbalka. [[Isaac Newton]] muujisay in qaynuunnadiisa of mooshin waa deterministic maxaa yeelay, way saadaalin karaa waqtiga ay qaadato in Earth uu u sameeyo mid ka mid ah kacaankii agagaarka qorraxda. In itimaalka aragti bartay ifafaale random, taas oo natiijada mustaqbalka aan si sax ah loo saadaalin karo, sidaas darteed, ma wada hadleen daydo deterministic aan loogu yeero daydo probabilistic. Tusaale ahaan, lacagta qadaadiicda gana ugub ah random, inkasta oo aan aqoon buuxda oo ku saabsan design qadaadiic ah sida waa symmetric, annagu kala ma saadaalin karo, taas oo ay dhacdo in ay noqon doonto madaxdii ama dabo. Halkii model ah deterministic u baahan probabilistic ah. Farqiga u khuseeya dhexeeya aragtida ixtimaalka iyo tirakoobka aragti waa in aragtida ixtimaalka ayaa (a) la siiyo model random iyo isku day ka this saadaaliyo natiijada tijaabo random, halka aragti tirakoobka yahay mid kasoo horjeeda, oo waannu (b) natiijada tijaabo ah random oo aad rabto inaad kala tilmaamaan model dahsoon random. biochemist A isticmaali kartaa hababka tirakoobka si ay u horumariyaan daawo in yareeyaa madax xanuun. daawo la eego dadka kala duwan ee kala duwanaan doonaa inta u dhaxaysa dadka ka dhigan tahay in ay la kulmaan isbedel aad u kala duwan in madax ay. Falanqaynta A tirakoobka ee xogta laga sida tijaabo ah jawaabi kartaa inta gargaarka laga fili karo celcelis ahaan. * [https://www.jw.org/en/library/magazines/g20030522/Math-Is-for-Everyone/ Math Is for Everyone] [[Category:Xisaab| ]] 0p7tdjcc69i0ru6bkvpzvzq9nva9lbn 239724 239723 2022-08-09T13:07:25Z EnsiklopediaXylon 31252 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Bad template}} {{Medium low article}} Xisaabta (ka Greek: Μαθηματικά) waa saynis ah aan la taaban karin iyo guud ee xalinta dhibaatada iyo horumarinta habka. Haddii kale, waxaad u xil karaa sida sayniska ah xiriirka taranta iyo qaab-dhismeedka aan ollogga ah ee dunida dhabta ah. Aan la taaban karin, sababtoo ah waxaa laftiisa laga xoreeyey dhibaatooyin asal gaarka ah iyo guud ahaan in ay tahay dabaqi karo meelo badan. Tusaalooyinka fikradaha xisaabeed waa cod, xogta, qaab-dhismeedka, tirada, meesha iyo xidhiidhkooda. Ama fikradaha sida aan la taaban karin (xisaabta saafi ah) ama codsiyada in nidaamo sayniska sida physics iyo technology (xisaabta codsatay). Iyada oo hay'adaha waxbarasho sayniska ee meel iyo waqti, ma cadda in kaasaa run ah, waayo waxyaabaha ka bartay in xisaabta. Intaas waxaa sii dheer, habab kala duwan oo ka mid ah imtixaanka, waayo, sayniska u muuqdaan in ay u isticmaalaan hababka induction iyo hababka xisaabta ee jaro. Waayo, tan iyo sababo kale oo ku xusan kicisaa xisaabta ontological iyo arrimaha epistemological ka aragti cilmiyeed furay. Arimahaa oo dhan ayaa waxaa ka hadlay in falsafadda ah xisaabta. [[File:Zhujiajiao City God Temple abacus.JPG|thumb|Xisaab]] Tusmada 1 Asalkeeda 2 Taariikhda 2.1 xisaabyahannada 3 Qaabka iyo Eray bixinta 3.1 Tirada 3.2 Hadalka 3.2.1 Dhismaha tirada dabiiciga ah 3.2.2 Qeexidda abyoonayaasha 3.2.3 Dhismaha oo ka mid ah tirooyinka buuxa 3.2.4 Dhismaha tirada dhabta ah 3.3 Rooms 3.4 sal Xisaabeed 4 dhigan karo 4.1 itimaalka iyo Statistics 4.2 xisaabta 4.3 Joometri 4.4 Algebra 4.5 falanqaynta Xisaabeed 4.6 netavisen Xisaabta 5 Calaamadaha iyo habka 5.1 oggolaanshaheeda caddayn 5.2 sharraxaadda 6 Xisaabta Philosophy 7 Applied Xisaabta 7.1 Physics 7.2 Falanqaynta nambarada 8 Tababarka 9 Sidoo kale eeg 10 Ilaha 10.1 qormo 10.2 ilo lagu daabacay 10.3 Quote Original [[File:Mathematics lecture at the Helsinki University of Technology.jpg|thumb|Xisaab]] '''Xisaab''' waa cilmiga wax xisaabinta. Waxaa jira afar xisaab-fal oo kala ah: * ''isku-dar'' (+), * ''ka-jar ama ka-goy''(-), * ''isu-qaybin'' (/) iyo * ''isku dhufasho'' (x). Laba tiro marka laysku daro wixii ka soo baxa waxaa la yiraahdaa ''wadar''. sida * 2+5=7 wadarta 2 iyo 5 waa 7. Laba tiro marka la kala jaro wixii ka soo baxa waxaa la yiraahdaa ''farqi''. sida * 3-1=2 farqiga 3 iyo 1 waa 2. Laba tiro marka laysku dhufto wixii ka soo baxa waxaa la yiraahdaa ''taran''. sida * 2 x 3 = 6. Taranta 2 iyo 3 waa lix. sidoo kale afartaa waxaa dheer iyagoo jajaba marka lagu shaqaynayo * matalan 1/4 +1/4 =1/2 * hadaynu kala goynana waa 1/2 - 1/4 =1/4 * haddii aan isku dhufanana waa 1/2 * 1/2 =1/4 * haddii aan isku qaybinana waa 1/2 / 1/2 =1 Isticmaalka ama dabbakhida xisaabta dhiraandhirinta (Derivative) Xisaabtan looyaaqaano dhiraandhirinta ama afka qalaad loogu yeedho “derivative” waa qaybta asalka u ah labada qaybood ee ay ‘Caculus’tu u qeybsanto, taas oo leh faaiidooyin ama isticmaal farobadan oo xal u ah weydiimooyin xisaabeed oo faro badan. Hadaba si ay u fududaato isticmaalka dhiraandhirintu aynu soo qaadano tusaalooyin faro badan oo ku saabsan xisaabtan aadka muhiimka u ah. '''Tusaale 1:-''' Warshada kaaluunka samaysa ee laasqorey ayaa doonaysa inay sameyso kartoono(baakado) lagu keydiyo kaluunka ay qasacadeyso. waxayna warshadu go’aan ku gaadhey in kartoon kasta oo ka mida kartoomadaa uu yeesho sal labo jibaaran islamarkaana wadarta bed-duleedka kartoon kasta uu noqdo 192 mitir oo labojibaaran, sida ka muuqata jaantuska hoose. Muxuu noqonayaa kartooka dhalinaya mugga ugu weyn dhinacyadiisu(dimensions) [[File:Parallelepipede.png|thumb|left|Kartoon]] '''Xalin''':- Sababtoo ah kartoonka oo leh sal labo-jibaaran, muggiisa waxaa lagu helaa * (sal x sal x jog) ama Mug (V) = x.x.h = x2. h, Sidoo kale wadarta bed-duleed (Surface area,)(S) waxaa lagu heli karaa bedka salka + bed-deleedka ama * S = x2 + 4xh . * S = 192 * x2 + 4xh = 192 * 4xh = 192 – x2 (dhinac walba ka goo x2) * h = (192 – x2)/4x (dhinac walba 4x u qeybi) * V = x2h * » V = x2(192 – x2)/4x (booska h dhig qiimaheda) * = x2(192/4x – x2/4x ) * = 192x/4 – x3/4 = = 48x – x3/4 Imika isticamaal dhiraandhirinta (derivative) si aad u heshid dhinacyada kartoonka ee dhalinaya mugga ugu weyn. Horaadka (D) muuqda (feasible domain) ee ay X noqon karto , ee waliba macnaha sameenaya weydiintan * waa :- 0 ≤ x ≤ √192 * V = 48x – x3/4 * dV/dx = 48 – 3x2/4 * dV/dx = 0 = 48 – 3x2/4 = 0 * 3x2 = 192 * x2 = 192/3 = x2 = 64 * X = ± √64 › X = ± 8 * -8 kamid maaha horaadka muuqda ee X, sidaa ajligeed X = 8 . * jooga kartoonkuna waa :- h = (192 – x2)/4x = (192 – 82)/32 = 4 Sidaa daraadeed dhinacyada kartoonku waa in ay noqdaan * 8 x 8 x 4 si ay u dhaliyaan mugga ugu weyn kaasoo ah 256m3. Fiiro gaara:- Waxaa jira kartoono sal labo jibaaran leh oo aan tiro (xad) lahayn oo leh wadar bed-duleed(surface area) lamid ah 192 (ie: (42 + 4 x 4 x 11), ama (52 + 5 x 2 x 16.7), iwm) balse dhamaan dhinacyada kartomadaasi ma dhalinayaan muga ugu weyn. Kan aynu xisaabiney dhinacaydiisa ayaa ah ka kaliya ee samaynaya muga ugu weyn. Halakaas waxaad ka ogaan kartaa faaiidada ay leedahay dabakhida ama isticmaalka dhiraandhirinta(derivative). '''Tusaale 2''' Engineer guryaha dhisa ayaa doonaya inuu nashqadeeyo cabirka daaqadaha guri ku yaala magaalada kismaayo.waxa uuna Engineerku doonayaa in daaqadkasta qeybteeda sare u ekaato nus-goobo (goobo barkeed), qeybta hoosana ahaato leydi sida daaqadaha caadiga ah, sida ka muuqata jaantuska hoose. Muxuu noqoneyaa cabirka hareeraha(dhinacyada) daaqadkasta ee uu Engineerku nashaqadeynayo, dhinacyadaasoo samaynaya bedka ugu weyn ee dariishadaha, haddii wareega guud ee daaqadkasta uu yahay 8m? ''Xal Siin'' * <Wareega guud = 8 * <Wareega nus-goobada = pr / 2 * <Wareega leydiga = x+2y ''Weydiin'' * <!Dhinacyada dhalinaya bedka ugu weyn? * Wwareeg (P) = x + 2y + (px/ 2) * 8 = x + 2y + (p.x / 2) * 16 = 2x + 4y + px (dhinackasta ku dhufo 2) * 4y = 16 – 2x – px (dhinac walba ka jar 2x iyo px) * Y = 4 – x/2 –px/4 * Bed (A) = bedka leydiga + bedka nus-goobada * = x . y + (p. (x/2)^2 )/2 * = x (4 – x/2 –px/4) + p/2(x^2/4) * = 4x – (x^2)/2 –(px^2)/4 + (px^2)/8 * = 4x – x^2/2 – px^2/8 Isticmaal imika habka dhiraandhirinta saad u heshid dhinacyada dariishadkasta kaas oo dhalinaya bedka ugu weyn * A = 4x – x^2/2 – px^2/8 * dA/dx = 4 – x – px/4 * dA/dx = 0 * 4 – x – px/4 = 0 * 4 = x + px/4 * 4 = x(1 + p/4) * 4 = x(4 + p )/4 * X = 16/ (4 + p ) dhiraandhirinta labaad (second derivative) ee bedku waa * (– 1+p/4), kaas oo taban marka X = 16/ (4 + p). Sidaa daraadeed marka dhinacyada dariishad kasta ay kala yihiin: * X = 16/ (4 + p), ( ≈2.24) , Y = 32/ (4 + p), ( ≈ 4.48) ayaa samaynaya bedka ugu weyn ee daaqad kasta. ''layli'' Taranta labo tiro oo tirsiima ayaa ah 180 isla markaana wadarta labada tiro ayaa ah ta ugu yar, Raadi labad tiro? si uu u dhiso cali wado weyn oo u dhexeysa labo magaalo ayaa ay khasab tahay inuu buuxiyo tog u dhexeeya labada magaalo kaasoo dhinacyada janjeedhkiisu kala yihiin 5% iyo 6%. haddii labada dacal ee sare ee togu isu jiraan masaafo dhan 100m Raadi cabirka meesha ugu hooseysa ee toga? &&& ____________________________________ &&& Isle’egyada Isle’egyada waxaa lagu xalin karaa dhowr qaab oo kala duwan . Waxaana ka mid ah qaababkaa: qaabka daboolida, qaabka wareejinta iww. Tusaale 1 qaabka daboolida(cover up method) Xali isle’egta hoos ku qoran gacantaada saar tirada door soomaha wadata, waxaa halkan kaaga cad in tirada aad gacantaada saartay ay lamid tahay 4 taaso marka loo qeybiyo hooseeyaha (4) maxsuulka soo baxaya uu yahay 1. Sidaa daraadeed * 3x = 4 dhinac walba u qeybi 3 X = Tusaale 2 * Xali isle’egta hoose 4x + 5 = 7 + 5 = 7 4x = 2 Xusuus:- Qaabka daboolida marka la isticmaalayo waxaa la daboolayaa (qarinayaa) tirada doorsoomaha wadata mar walba kadibna waxaa la le’ekeysiinayaa tiradan doosoomaha wadata ee la qariyey tirada run kadhigaysa isle’egta lagu siiyay * [[Aljebra]] Tirada set A waa a ururinta isku qodob in la kulmo Zermelo-Fraenkels dhigay aragti. Tusaale ahaan, a ururinta of tiro {1, 2, 3} waa go'an uguna, {1, 2, 3, ...} si kastaba ha ahaatee waa xad la'aan ah dhibcood taasoo ka dhigan tiriyey sii. kala duwan A la'aan content waxaa la odhan jiray set maran. tiro A ka koobnaan karaa dhawr subsets kale. Daraasiin ayaa lagu bartay in aragtida tirada. Functions ka aag, domain ka qaado qiyamka, iyo u yeelaan qiimaha aag oo kala duwan, cadadka qiimaha. Hadalka Xisaabta nidaamka tiro ka kooban tahay iyo kuwo kale ee tirooyinka caadiga ah, abyoonayaasha, tirooyinka buuxa, tirada dhabta ah iyo lambarada adag. Waxaan qaybtan ku siin doonaa soo jeedinta ku saabsan dhismaha tirada dabiiciga ah iyadoo la isticmaalayo axioms Peano. Iyada oo ku saleysan qaab-dhismeedka this, waxaan ku siin doonaa qeexidda ah Silverman abyooneyaasha ah; waxaan isticmaali cadayn ereyga loola jeedaa fikradaha aasaasiga ah oo aan naftooda ku kalsoonaadaan natiijada macquul dheefay. Iyada oo ku saleysan qeexidda abyoonayaasha aan dhiso kartaa tirooyinka buuxa iyada oo la samaynaayo isticmaalka lammaanaha tirooyinka. Dhismaha A ee tirada dhabta ah laga helay shaqo Richard Dedekind oo ay ku jiraan Dhismaha tirada dabiiciga ah [edit | edit source] Iyada oo tirada N dabiiciga ah, waxaan ula jeednaa qadarka abyoonaha non-negative (0, 1, 2, iwm). Durba annagu waxaannu ku dhisi qarniyo by bilaabo element gaar ah 0. Haddaba, waxaan la wadaajin tirada soo socota ee N 0 + 1, iyo (0 + 1) + 1, iyo wixii la mid ah. Noocan ah fahamka tirada dabiiciga ah waa dareen leh, la moodayay mid aan toos aheyn sababtoo ah + ma aha hawlgal si wanaagsan u qeexan. Ma, in view this, ka arki kartaa in N waa tiro aan la koobi karayn, maxaa yeelay, wax xuja ah in N waa la koobi karayn yihiin kuwa soo socda: ({\ bandhigay qaab \ Alfa} \ Alfa) Ka soo qaad jiro aad N markaas element weyn n + 1 oo ka mid ah n iyo n + 1 waa ka weyn yahay n, n sidaas ma noqon karo tirada ugu badan ee n iyo iyada oo absurdum ad reductio kuma jiraan tiro n ugu weyn. Fiiro gaar ah bayaanka in n + 1 waa ka weyn yahay n, waxaa run ma aha maxaa yeelay, waxaannu aan weli helin wax dareen xisaabeed ah ama "ka yar" "ka weyn". axioms Peano xaliyaan dhibaatooyinka doodan: <nowiki>Nidaamka {\ mathbb bandhigay qaab \ {N}} {\ mathbb {N}}, kuwaas oo xubno aan ugu yeedhaan tirooyinka caadiga ah, waa noocyo kala duwan oo la element gaar ah 0 iyo p function ka N si N sida in soo socda saddex xaaladaha la buuxiyo:</nowiki> <nowiki>{\ Style Display (i) \ qquad s (n) \ neq 0 {\ text {xubno dhan}} n \ in mathbb \ {N}} (n) \ neq 0 {\ text (i) \ qquad s {for dhamaan qaybaha}} n \ ee {\ mathbb {n}}</nowiki> <nowiki>{\ Style Display (ii) \ qquad s (m) = s (n) \ Xaqa Arrow m = n {\ text {ee dhammaan canaasiirta}} m, n \ in mathbb \ {N}} (ii) \ qquad s (m ) = s (n) \ m = n {\ text {dhan}} xubno m Xaqa Arrow, n \ ee {\ mathbb {n}}</nowiki> <nowiki>{\ Display style (iii) qquad \ {\ text {} haddii}} A \ subseteq \ mathbb {N {\ text {iyo}} s (n) \ ee A {\ text {dhan}} n \ in \ mathbb {N} {\ text {waxaa heysta in}} A = \ mathbb {N}} (iii) qquad \ {\ text {haddii}} A \ subseteq {\ mathbb {N}} {\ text {iyo}} s (n) \ ee A {\ text {dhan}} n \ ee {\ mathbb {n}} {\ text {waxaa heysta in}} {A = \ mathbb {n}}</nowiki> <nowiki>comments Qaar ka mid ah, waayo, tiro kasta oo dabiici ah n, waxaannu nidhaahnaa, s (n) waa bedelka iyo waxaan u qeexaan s eego "la taaban karo" by teeb {\ style bandhigay, s (n) = n + 1} s (n) = N + 1. Sababtoo ah waxaan rabnaa in aan hadalka oo dhan N waa non-xun, ma aha adag tahay in la arko in (i) waa shuruud macquul ah. Ku saabsan (ii): Ka soo qaad in looga baahan yahay in aan la kulmay. ka dibna waxaan jeclaan lahaa s (n) = s (m) {\ style bandhigay, s (n) = s (m) \ Xaqa + 1 = m + 1 Arrow n} \ Xaqa Arrow n + 1 = m + 1aad Inta aan hadda ay ogaadaan in aan kala jaro (qaliin ma qeexay on N, waayo, haddii goynta lagu qeexi lahaa noqon lahaa N qadar non-xiran, sida in ay jiraan xubno ku N sida in howlgal binary codsatay iyaga, taasoo keentay in element ah n ma innheåller tusaale:. 0-1 = -1 ma aha n) iyo n = m, si haddii m waa ka n kala duwan, waxaan leenahay natiijo xisaabeed oo aan waafaqsan / dhaqameed / xisaabta guud heerarka dareen. Sidaas awgeed waa macquul in (ii) khusaysaa. (Iii) aynu u qayshanno induction xisaabta. A ka koobnaan kartaa noocyo kala duwan oo guryaha P (n) sabab u ah hadalka dabiiciga ah aad N. Haddii hantida, mararka qaarkood loo yaqaan bayaanka, P (n) in P (n + 1) N oo dhammow, waxaannu nidhaahnaa, P (n) haya ee dhammaan n iyo qori kartaa {\ style bandhigay A = \ {n \ in mathbb \ {} n | P (n) \} = \ mathbb {n}} A = \ {n \ ee {\ mathbb { n}} | P (n) \} = {\ mathbb {n}} (set A la akhriyey: set ee tirooyinka caadiga ah n kaas oo P (n) khuseysaa). induction The keenaysaa in dhibaatooyin falsafada badan waxaa ka mid ah si fiican u yaqaan by David Hume.</nowiki> Iyadoo sal ka axioms Peano, aan qeexo waxaa dheer iyo isku dhufashada. Isku geynta: m element The, n in N, waxaan leenahay in m + n waxaa laga codsadaa n jeer s in s (m). Si kooban: {\ style bandhigay m + n = p ^ {n} (m)} m + n = p ^ {n} (m). Sida aan u fuliyaan hab this, nidhaahno n ku dar in m. Nidaamka waxaa loo yaqaan intaa dheer. Sidaas darteed, + howlgal si wanaagsan u qeexan binary. Isku dhufashada: m * n helay dhismaha g shaqo oo khuseysaa jeer SL ah, ka dibna codsan jeer GN at 0. kooban: {\ style bandhigay cdot m \ n = (s ^ m {}) ^ {N} (0)} m cdot \ n = (s ^ m {}) ^ {n} (0). Marka aan u oofiyo Aragti itimaalka doonaya in lagu qeexo oo barato daydo xisaabeed ee ifafaale random laga eego teori. Statistics waa aagga doonaya in ay abuuraan hababka, mabaadiida, shuruudaha, iwm si uu ugala hadlo xogta ka ifafaale random ama xogta laga tijaabo iyo u fiirsiga xaqiiqada ka. Aqoonta iyo aragtiyaha aragti itimaalka waxaa loo isticmaali karaa si loo qorsheeyo hababka sida, mabaadii'da iyo shuruudaha, taas oo muujinaysa in aragtida ixtimaalka iyo tirakoobka aragtida ah kuwa aad ula xiriira. Daydo loo isticmaalo in cilmiga badan tacliinta, kuwaas oo inta badan deterministic. Taas macnaheedu waa in la siiyo tiro ka mid ah qiimaha bilowga yaqaan, waxaan saadaalin karaa dhacdo mustaqbalka. [[Isaac Newton]] muujisay in qaynuunnadiisa of mooshin waa deterministic maxaa yeelay, way saadaalin karaa waqtiga ay qaadato in Earth uu u sameeyo mid ka mid ah kacaankii agagaarka qorraxda. In itimaalka aragti bartay ifafaale random, taas oo natiijada mustaqbalka aan si sax ah loo saadaalin karo, sidaas darteed, ma wada hadleen daydo deterministic aan loogu yeero daydo probabilistic. Tusaale ahaan, lacagta qadaadiicda gana ugub ah random, inkasta oo aan aqoon buuxda oo ku saabsan design qadaadiic ah sida waa symmetric, annagu kala ma saadaalin karo, taas oo ay dhacdo in ay noqon doonto madaxdii ama dabo. Halkii model ah deterministic u baahan probabilistic ah. Farqiga u khuseeya dhexeeya aragtida ixtimaalka iyo tirakoobka aragti waa in aragtida ixtimaalka ayaa (a) la siiyo model random iyo isku day ka this saadaaliyo natiijada tijaabo random, halka aragti tirakoobka yahay mid kasoo horjeeda, oo waannu (b) natiijada tijaabo ah random oo aad rabto inaad kala tilmaamaan model dahsoon random. biochemist A isticmaali kartaa hababka tirakoobka si ay u horumariyaan daawo in yareeyaa madax xanuun. daawo la eego dadka kala duwan ee kala duwanaan doonaa inta u dhaxaysa dadka ka dhigan tahay in ay la kulmaan isbedel aad u kala duwan in madax ay. Falanqaynta A tirakoobka ee xogta laga sida tijaabo ah jawaabi kartaa inta gargaarka laga fili karo celcelis ahaan. * [https://www.jw.org/en/library/magazines/g20030522/Math-Is-for-Everyone/ Math Is for Everyone] [[Category:Xisaab| ]] mdfs3at6vhfqatqxr6nqww8h1h0e4o4 Ra'iisul wasaarayaashii Soomaaliya 0 2998 239712 227556 2022-08-09T12:27:27Z 102.68.19.85 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Siyaasadda Soomaaliya}} '''Ra'iisul wasaaraha Soomaaliya''' ({{lang-en|Prime Minister of Somalia}}) waa [[madaxa dowlad]]a wadanka [[Soomaaliya]]. Tan ilaa 1956dii, markii la aasaasay xafiiska Ra'isal Wasaaraha, waxaa wadanka Soomaaliya ra'isal wasaare ka noqdey 17 qof oo iska dambeeyay xilka. Qofkii ugu horeeyay ee xilka qabta wuxuu ahaa Cabdullahi Ciise Maxamuud kaasi oo talada hayay wakhti ka horeysay Xornimadii Soomaaliya. Maanta waxaa xafiiska ra'isal wasaaraha [[Dawladda federaalka Soomaaliya]] ku fadhiya Xamse abdi barre,<ref>The first Prime Minister was [[Abdullahi Issa|Abdullahi Issa Mohamud]], who served prior to independence in the [[Trust Territory of Somaliland]]. The incumbent Prime Minister of the [[Federal Government of Somalia|Federal Republic of Somalia]] is xamse abdi barre </ref> kaasi oo soo magacaabay Madaxweyne [[hassan sheikh mohamuue ]] "qoslaaye". ==Raisulwasaraayaashii Somaliya== {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! colspan=2|Magaca ! Sawirka ! Dhashay–Dhintay ! Ladoortay ! Xafiska qabtay ! Xafiska kategey ! Xisbigiisa |- |colspan="8" bgcolor="lightgrey" align=center| '''Dowladii Daakhiliga aheyd ee Soomaaliya''' (1956–1960) |- ! style="background:#348AC9; color:white;"| 1 | [[Cabdullaahi Ciise]] | [[File:Abdullahi Issa Mohamud.jpg|80px]] | 1921–1988 | — | 29 February 1956 | 1 July 1960 | [[SYL]] |- style="background-color: DarkKhaki" |- |colspan="8" bgcolor="lightgrey" align=center| [[File:Flag of Somalia.svg|25px]] • '''[[Jamhuuriyadda Soomaaliya]]''' (1960–1969) • [[File:Coat of arms of Somalia.svg|20px]] |- ! style="background:#348AC9; color:white;"|2 | [[Maxamed Cigaal]]<br> {{small|''Raisulwasaare KMG''}} | [[File:Mohammed Haaji Ibrahim Cigaal.jpg|80px]] | 1928–2002 | — | 1 July 1960 | 12 July 1960 | [[SYL]] |- ! style="background:#348AC9; color:white;"|3 | [[Cabdirashiid Sharmarke]] | [[File:Sharmaarke.jpg|80px|link=Special:FilePath/Sharmaarke.jpg]] | 1919–1969 | — | 12 July 1960 | 14 June 1964 | [[SYL]] |- ! style="background:#348AC9; color:white;"|4 | [[Cabdirisaaq Xuseen]] | [[File:Husein.jpg|80px]] | 1924–2014 | — | 14 June 1964 | 15 July 1967 | [[SYL]] |- ! style="background:#348AC9; color:white;"|(2) | [[Maxamed Cigaal]] | [[File:Mohammed Haaji Ibrahim Cigaal.jpg|80px]] | 1928–2002 | — | 15 July 1967 | 1 November 1969 | [[SYL]] |- | colspan=8 align=center|''Majirin RW xilgaas (1 November1969–1 February 1987)'' |- |colspan="8" bgcolor="lightgrey" align=center| [[File:Flag of Somalia.svg|25px]] • '''[[Jamhuuriyadda Dimuqraadiga Soomaaliya]]''' (1969–1991) • [[File:Coat of arms of Somalia.svg|20px]] |- ! style="background:#FE2E2E; color:white;"|5 | [[Maxamed Samatar]] | [[File:Mohamed Ali Samatar.png|80px]] | 1931–2016 | — | 1 February 1987 | 3 September 1990 | [[XHKS]] |- ! style="background:#FE2E2E; color:white;"|6 | [[Maxamed Madar]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Somalia.svg|80px]] | 1939–2005 | — | 3 September 1990 | 24 January 1991 | [[XHKS]] |- ! style="background:#FFFFFF; color:black"|7 | [[Cumar Carte]] | [[File:Omararteghalib.jpg|80px]] | 1930–2020 | — | 24 January 1991 | May 1993<br><small>''de facto to 3 Jan 1997''</small> | ''USC'' |- | colspan=8 align=center|''Vacant (May 1993 - 8 Oct 2000)'' |- |colspan="8" bgcolor="lightgrey" align=center| [[File:Flag of Somalia.svg|25px]] • '''Dowlada Kumeelgaarka ah ee Soomaaliya''' (2000-2004) • [[File:Coat of arms of Somalia.svg|20px]] |- ! style="background:#C0C0C0; color:black"| 8 | [[Cali Galayr]] |[[File:Dr._Ali Khalif_Galaydh_Photo.JPG|80px]] | 1941–2020 | — | 8 October 2000 | 28 October 2001 | ''Madaxbanaan'' |- ! style="background:#C0C0C0; color:black"| — | [[Cusmaan Jaamac Cali]]<br> {{small|''Raisulwasaare KMG''}} | [[File:Coat of arms of Somalia.svg|80px]] | 1941– | — | 28 October 2001 | 12 November 2001 | ''Madaxbanaan'' |- ! style="background:#C0C0C0; color:black"|9 | [[Xasan Abshir]] | | 1945–2020 | — | 12 November 2001 | 8 December 2003 | ''Madaxbanaan'' |- ! style="background:#C0C0C0; color:black"|10 | [[Maxamed Yuusuf]] | [[File:Coat of arms of Somalia.svg|80px]] | 1945– | — | 8 December 2003 | 23 December 2004 | ''Madaxbanaan'' |- |colspan="8" bgcolor="lightgrey" align=center| [[File:Flag of Somalia.svg|25px]] • '''[[Dowladda federaalka kumeelgaarka|Dowladda federaalka kumeelgaarka ee Soomaaliya]]''' (2004-2012) • [[File:Coat of arms of Somalia.svg|20px]] |- ! style="background:#C0C0C0; color:black"|11 | [[Ali Ghedi]] | [[File:Launch Of The Interim Jubba Administration (12054827393).jpg|70px]] | 1952– | — | 23 December 2004 | 30 October 2007 <br><small>(Iscasilay)</small> | ''Madaxbanaan'' |- ! style="background:#C0C0C0; color:black"| — | [[Saalim Ibroow]]<br> {{small|''Raisulwasaare KMG''}} | [[File:Coat of arms of Somalia.svg|80px]] | 1942– | — | 30 October 2007 | 24 November 2007 | ''Madaxbanaan'' |- ! style="background:#C0C0C0; color:black"| 12 | [[Nuur Cade]] |[[File:Nuur Xasan Xuseen.jpg|80px|link=Special:FilePath/Nuur_Xasan_Xuseen.jpg]] | 1938–2020 | — | 24 November 2007 | 14 February 2009 | ''Madaxbanaan'' |- ! style="background:#C0C0C0; color:black"|13 | [[Cumar Sharmaarke]] | [[File:Omarasharmarke4.jpg|80px]] | 1960– | — | 14 February 2009 | 24 September 2010 | ''Madaxbanaan'' |- ! style="background:#C0C0C0; color:black"|— | [[Cabdiwaaxid Goonjeex]]<br> {{small|''Raisulwasaare KMG''}} | [[File:Coat of arms of Somalia.svg|80px]] | 1962– | — | 24 September 2010 | 1 November 2010 | ''Madaxbanaan'' |- ! style="background:#C0C0C0; color:black"|14 | [[Maxamed Cabdulaahi Maxamed]] | | 1962– | — | 1 November 2010 | 19 June 2011 | ''Madaxbanaan'' |- ! style="background:#C0C0C0; color:black"|15 | [[Cabdiweli Gaas]] | [[File:Cabdiweli Maxamed Cali.jpg|80px]] | 1965– | — | 19 June 2011 | 20 August 2012 | ''Madaxbanaan'' |- |colspan="8" bgcolor="lightgrey" align=center| [[File:Flag of Somalia.svg|25px]] • '''[[Dawladda federaalka Soomaaliya|Jamhuuriyadda Federaalka Soomaaliya]]''' (2012–present) • [[File:Coat of arms of Somalia.svg|20px]] |- ! style="background:#C0C0C0; color:black"|(15) | [[Cabdiweli Gaas]]<br> {{small|''Raisulwasaare KMG''}} | [[File:Cabdiweli Maxamed Cali.jpg|80px]] | 1965– | — | 20 August 2012 | 17 October 2012 | ''Madaxbanaan'' |- ! style="background:#C0C0C0; color:black"|16 | [[Cabdi Shirdoon]] | | 1958– | — | 17 October 2012 | 21 December 2013 | ''Madaxbanaan'' |- ! style="background:#C0C0C0; color:black"|17 | [[Cabdiwali Sheekh Axmed]] | | 1959– | — | 21 December 2013 | 24 December 2014 | ''Madaxbanaan'' |- ! style="background:#C0C0C0; color:black"|13 | [[Cumar Sharmaarke]] | [[File:Omarasharmarke4.jpg|80px]] | 1960– | — | 24 December 2014 | 8 February 2017 | ''Madaxbanaan'' |- !(14) |[[Hassan Khayre]] |[[File:Hassan Ali.png|thumb|83x83px]] |1968– |— |23 February 2017 |25 July 2020 |''Madaxbanaan'' |- !(15) |[[Mahdi Guleid]] |[[File:Prime minister mahdi gulaidh khadar.jpg|thumb|83x83px]] |1973– |— |25 July 2020 |18 September 2020 |''Madaxbanaan'' |- !(16) |[[Mohamed Hussein Roble]] |[[File:Mohamed Hussein Roble.png|thumb|83x83px]] |1963– |— |18 september 2020 | |''Madaxbanaan'' |} ==Sawiro Ra'iisal Wasaarayaasha== <gallery widths="208" heights="208" caption=""> File:Cabdullaahi Ciise.jpg File:Sharmaarke.jpg File:M Cigaal.jpg File:Dr. Ali Khalif Galaydh Photo.JPG File:Ali Mohammed Ghedi in Kenya.jpg File:Nuur Xasan Xuseen.jpg File:Cabdiweli Maxamed Cali.jpg File:Mahdi Mohammed Gulaid - 2020.jpg|<center>[[Abdiweli Gaas]]</br> [[2011]] - [[2012]]</center> |[[Abdi farah Shirdon]] |[[Abdiwali sheikh Ahmed]] </gallery> == Sidoo kale fiiri == * [[Madaxweyneyaashii Soomaaliya]] * [[Siyaasadda Soomaaliya]] waxaa jira xog intaan kabadan oo ay Soomaaliya leedahay ==Tixraac== {{reflist}} [[Category:Raiisul Wasaarayaasha Soomaaliya| ]] rmxl5nfh21oxl5phg2hiu6lvujf0n0y Giriiga 0 3081 239733 239436 2022-08-09T17:12:49Z 65.95.40.79 /* Xubin */ wikitext text/x-wiki ::'' Eeg [[w:el:Ελλάδα|Ελλάδα]]'' {{Coord |39|N|22|E|type:country_region:GR|display=title}} {{Infobox country|native_name=Jamhuuriyada Giriiga|name=Ελληνική Δημοκρατία|image_flag=Flag_of_Greece.svg|image_coat=Coat_of_arms_of_Greece.svg|capital=Asina|flag_width=12×18|demonym=Giriig|official_languages=[[Af-Giriiga]]|anthem=[[Hymn to Liberty]]</br>[[File:Greece national anthem.ogg]]}}[[File:Odeon of Herodes Atticus, built in 161 AD on the south slope of the Acropolis of Athens in memory of his wife Annia Regilla, Athens, Greece (14006718245).jpg|thumb|upright=1.2|The [[Odeon of Herodes Atticus]] in Athens, built in 161 AD]] '''Giriig''' (Giriig: '''Ελληνική Δημοκρατία''') waa wadan ku yaala qaarada [[Yurub]]. Waxay xuduud la leedahay Albaniya, [[Waqooyi Masedooniya]] iyo Bulgariya  dhanka woqooyi, iyo [[Turkiga]] bari. Badda Aegean waxay ka xigtaa Bari iyo Koonfurta dhul weynaha Giriiga, Badda Ionian-na waxay ka xigtaa Galbeedka. Labaduba waa qayb ka mid ah Bariga Badda Mediteraaniya waxayna leeyihiin jasiirado badan. 80% dalka waa buuro, iyadoo Buurta Olimbuus uu yahay meesha ugu sarreysa. Giriigii hore waxa ay abuurtay dimuqraadiyad, falsafad, saynis iyo xisaab, riwaayad iyo masraxiyad iyo Ciyaaraha Olombikada. Tani waa sababta luqadaha kale ay u isticmaalaan erayo badan oo Giriig ah. Giriiga waa jamhuuriyad baarlamaani ah, oo hogaamiyaha xisbiga kuraas badan ku leh baarlamaanka uu yahay [[Ra'iisul Wasaaraha]]. Dalku wuxuu leeyahay Madaxweyne, laakiin awooddiisu waa xaflad. Isagu waa madaxa dawladda, maaha madaxa dawladda, si la mid ah sida Boqorrada iyo Boqorradu uga shaqeeyaan boqortooyooyinka dastuuriga ah oo ay doortaan Baarlamaanka  ee maaha dadka. Dhaqaalaheedu waa kan ugu sarreeya gobolka Balkans , in kasta oo ay soo food saartay dhibaatooyin dhaqaale oo ay ugu wacan tahay xiisadda deynta dawladda Giriigga. Dalku waxa haystey Boqortooyadii Cusmaaniyiinta ilaa 1821kii. Giriiga waxaa lagu yaqaanaa taariikhdeeda qani ah. Gobolka [[Masedooniya]] ee Giriiga waxa uu ahaa boqortooyadii hore ee Masedooniya (mararka qaar waxaa la odhan jiray Makedon). Waxay ahayd boqortooyadii ''Alexander the Great''. Giriigii hore waxa uu ka koobnaa dhawr dawladood oo magaalo-magaalo ah oo mid walba uu leeyahay dastuur u gaar ah. [[Athens]], Sparta iyo Corinth waa tusaalayaal magaalo-goboleedyada. Luuqadda rasmiga ah ee lagaga hadlo Giriiga waa Giriiga, oo ay ku hadlaan 99% dadweynaha iyo 90% dadweynaha iyo sidoo kale [[Jamhuuriyadda Qubrus]]. Waxa ay u aqoonsanaysaa Ortodokska [[Masiixiga]]. Giriig badan ayaa sidoo kale fahma Ingiriisi, Faransiiska iyo  Jarmal, kuwaas oo lagu dhigo dugsiyada. Giriiga waxa uu ahaa xubin aasaasi ah oo ka tirsan Qaramada Midoobay, waxa uu ku biiray NATO 1952, waxa uu noqday xubin ka tirsan Midowga Yurub 1981, waxana uu qaatay Euro 2001. Dalxiiska oo ballaadhan, waaxda dhoofinta awoodda leh, iyo muhiimaddeeda juqraafiyeed, waa mararka qaarkood waxaa lagu tilmaamaa awood dhexe. ==Juquraafi== [[File:Greece topo.jpg|thumb|right|280px|[[Toboquraafiga]] Giriiga]] ==Taarikhda== ::''Bogga ugu muhiimsan: [[w:simple:History of Greece|Taarikhda Giriig]]'' Taariikhda Giriiga waa mid ka mid ah kuwa ugu qanisan adduunka. Giriiggu waxa ay ka mid ahaayeen ilbaxnimooyinka ugu horumarsan. Isku soo wada duuboo, Giriiga waxaa lagu daray [[Boqortooyadii Roomaanka]], oo [[Cusmaaniyiintu]] ay gumeysan jireen, dibna u qabsadeen. Kadib, 1940kii, Giriiga waxa qabsaday [[Talyaani]]gu, laakiin muddo gaaban gudaheed Talyaanigu waa laga adkaaday. ==Xubin== * [[IMF]] * * [[Bankiga Aduunka]] * * [[Midowga Yurub]] * * * [[Qaramada Midoobay]] * * ==Dadka Degaan Giriiga== * {{Flag|Brazil}} 12,00+ * {{Flag|Bangladesh}} 1,200+ * {{Flag|Arab League}} 356,510++ [<ref>https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/a/Arabic_language.htm</ref>]. * {{Flag|Pakistan}} 1,200+ * {{Flag|Turkey}} 5,000+ * {{Flag|Great Britain}} 4,300+ * 🇪🇺 Europeans: 195,000++ [<ref>https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/e/European_Union.htm</ref>]. * {{Flag|United States}} 30,200+ [<ref>https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/d/Democracy.htm</ref>]. * {{Flag|China}} PR China; 1,200++ [<ref>https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/p/People%2527s_Republic_of_China.htm</ref>]. [[File:Kalamataolives.jpg|thumb|right|398px|]] [[File:Athens-tram2.jpg|thumb|right|398px|]] [[File:Chelsea_Olympiakos_CL07-08_00.jpg|thumb|right|398px|]] [[File:Souvlaki_in_Athens.JPG|thumb|right|398px|]] [[File:NAMA_Alphabet_grec.jpg|thumb|right|398px|]] ==Tixraacyada== {{Dalalka Yurub}} {{stub}} [[Category:Yurub]] bbzak1peky2cx7o2afnqb360gwdiyy2 Bosniya iyo Hersegofina 0 5438 239734 235442 2022-08-09T17:15:25Z 65.95.40.79 /* Xubin */ wikitext text/x-wiki {{Coord|44|N|18|E|region:BA_type:country_scale:5000000|display=title}} [[File:Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg|thumb|right|300px|]] [[File:Bk-map.png|thumb|Bosniya]] '''Bosniya iyo Herzegovina''' waa wadan ku yaalo koonfur bari ee [[Yurub]]. Bosniya iyo Herzegovina, waxee markeeda hore ka tirsanaa jiray, wadankii la dhihi jiray [[Jaguslaafia]]. Caasimada dalkan waa [[ Sarajevo]] ==Xubin== * [[IMF]] * * [[Bankiga Aduunka]] * * [[Qaramada Midoobay]] * * ==Waddnamha Degaan Bosniya== * {{Flag|Albania}} 300+ * {{Flag|Croatia}} 300+ * {{Flag|Turkey}} 400+ {{Dalalka Yurub}} djgi2ymad3zd7s5b27du4sgispxwl0v 239735 239734 2022-08-09T17:21:15Z 65.95.40.79 /* Waddnamha Degaan Bosniya */ wikitext text/x-wiki {{Coord|44|N|18|E|region:BA_type:country_scale:5000000|display=title}} [[File:Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg|thumb|right|300px|]] [[File:Bk-map.png|thumb|Bosniya]] '''Bosniya iyo Herzegovina''' waa wadan ku yaalo koonfur bari ee [[Yurub]]. Bosniya iyo Herzegovina, waxee markeeda hore ka tirsanaa jiray, wadankii la dhihi jiray [[Jaguslaafia]]. Caasimada dalkan waa [[ Sarajevo]] ==Xubin== * [[IMF]] * * [[Bankiga Aduunka]] * * [[Qaramada Midoobay]] * * ==Waddnamha Degaan Bosniya== * {{Flag|Albania}} 300+ * {{Flag|Croatia}} 300+ * {{Flag|Turkey}} 400+ *{{Flag|Pakistan}} 150+ * {{Flag|Great Britain}} 40+ * 🇪🇺 Europeans: 1,388,900++[<ref>https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/e/European_Union.htm</ref>]. * {{Flag|United States}} 100+ <ref>https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/d/Democracy.htm</ref> * {{Flag|Taiwan}} 100+ {{Dalalka Yurub}} p7b9esvzodq6slavpevk74l62se2b9a 239736 239735 2022-08-09T17:22:14Z 65.95.40.79 /* Waddnamha Degaan Bosniya */ wikitext text/x-wiki {{Coord|44|N|18|E|region:BA_type:country_scale:5000000|display=title}} [[File:Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg|thumb|right|300px|]] [[File:Bk-map.png|thumb|Bosniya]] '''Bosniya iyo Herzegovina''' waa wadan ku yaalo koonfur bari ee [[Yurub]]. Bosniya iyo Herzegovina, waxee markeeda hore ka tirsanaa jiray, wadankii la dhihi jiray [[Jaguslaafia]]. Caasimada dalkan waa [[ Sarajevo]] ==Xubin== * [[IMF]] * * [[Bankiga Aduunka]] * * [[Qaramada Midoobay]] * * ==Waddnamha Degaan Bosniya== * {{Flag|Albania}} 300+ * {{Flag|Croatia}} 300+ * {{Flag|Turkey}} 400+ *{{Flag|Pakistan}} 150+ * {{Flag|Great Britain}} 40+ * 🇪🇺'''Europeans''': 1,600++[<ref>https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/e/European_Union.htm</ref>]. * {{Flag|United States}} 100+ <ref>https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/d/Democracy.htm</ref> * {{Flag|Taiwan}} 100+ {{Dalalka Yurub}} 0hn4od7mztspamo2xqlt2gu9hzp4gb5 Mauritius 0 6379 239749 234407 2022-08-10T11:15:11Z Mwasoge 29030 /* Waddnamha Degaan Mauritius */ wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox country | conventional_long_name = Mauritius | native_name = {{ubl|{{native name|fr|République de Maurice}}|{{native name|mfe|Repiblik Moris}}}} | common_name = Mauritius | image_flag = Flag of Mauritius.svg | image_coat = Coat of arms of Mauritius (Original version).svg | image_map = Mauritius (orthographic projection with inset).svg | map_caption = Islands of the Republic of Mauritius (excluding Chagos Archipelago and Tromelin Island) | image_map2 = Mauritius (+claim islands).svg | map_caption2 = Islands of the Republic of Mauritius labelled in black; Chagos Archipelago and Tromelin are claimed by Mauritius. | national_motto = {{native phrase|la|"Stella Clavisque Maris Indici"|italics=off}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://gis.govmu.org/English/About%20Mauritius/Pages/Coats-of-Arms.aspx |title=Government Information Service – Coat of Arms |publisher=www.govmu.org|access-date=29 July 2019}}</ref><br />{{small|"Star and Key of the Indian Ocean"}} | national_anthem = ''[[Motherland (anthem)|Motherland]]''<div style="padding-top:0.5em;" class="center">[[File:Motherland_(instrumental).ogg]]</div> | capital = [[Port Louis]] | official_languages = None {{small|(''[[de jure]]'')}} <br>[[English language|English]] {{small|(''[[de facto]]'')}} <br>[[French language|French]] {{small|(''[[de facto]]'')}}<ref group=Note>The [[Constitution of Mauritius|Mauritian constitution]] makes no mention of an [[official language]]. The Constitution only mentions that the official language of the National Assembly is English; however, any member can also address the chair in French.</ref> | languages_type = [[Languages of Mauritius|Languages spoken at home]]<ref group=Note>Language most often spoken at home, as per 2011 Census.</ref><ref name="2011census">{{cite journal|url=http://statsmauritius.govmu.org/English/CensusandSurveys/Documents/ESI/pop2011.pdf|publisher=Government Portal of Mauritius|title=2011 Population Census – Main Results|author=Statistics Mauritius|access-date=11 November 2017|author-link=Statistics Mauritius}}</ref> | ethnic_groups = {{unbulleted list | 67% [[Mauritians of Indian origin|Indo-Mauritians]] | 28% [[Mauritian Creoles]] | 3% [[Mauritians of Chinese origin|Sino-Mauritians]] | 2% [[Mauritians of French origin|Franco-Mauritians]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mauritius/|title = Mauritius – the World Factbook}}</ref>}} | ethnic_groups_year = | religion = {{ublist |item_style=white-space:nowrap; |48.54% [[Hinduism in Mauritius|Hinduism]] |32.71% [[Christianity in Mauritius|Christianity]] |—26.26% [[Catholic Church in Mauritius|Catholicism]] |—6.45% Other [[List of Christian denominations|Christian]] |17.30% [[Islam in Mauritius|Islam]] |1.45% [[Religion in Mauritius|Others]] / [[Irreligion|None]] }} | religion_year = 2011 census | religion_ref = <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nsb.gov.sc/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/Population_and_Housing_Census_2010_Report.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2015-04-26 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140514112130/http://www.nsb.gov.sc/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/Population_and_Housing_Census_2010_Report.pdf |archive-date=2014-05-14 }}</ref> | coordinates = {{coord|-20.2|57.5|display=inline,title|type:country}} | demonym = [[Mauritian]] | largest_city = [[Port Louis]] | government_type = [[Unitary state|Unitary]] [[parliamentary republic]] | leader_title1 = [[President of Mauritius|President]] | leader_name1 = [[Prithvirajsing Roopun]] | leader_name2 = [[Eddy Boissezon]] | leader_title2 = [[Vice-President of Mauritius|Vice President]] | leader_title3 = [[Prime Minister of Mauritius|Prime Minister]] | leader_name3 = [[Pravind Jugnauth]] | leader_title4 = [[List of Speakers of the National Assembly of Mauritius|Speaker of the National Assembly]] | leader_name4 = Sooroojdev Phokeer | legislature = [[National Assembly (Mauritius)|National Assembly]] | sovereignty_type = [[Independence]] | sovereignty_note = from the [[United Kingdom]] | established_event1 = [[Constitution of Mauritius]] | established_date1 = 12 March 1968 | established_event2 = Republic | established_date2 = 12 March 1992 | area_rank = 170th <!-- Should match [[List of countries and dependencies by area]] --> | area_km2 = 2040 | percent_water = 0.07 | population_estimate = 1,265,475<ref name="31 Dec 2019 Statistics">{{cite web|url=http://statsmauritius.govmu.org/English/Publications/Pages/Pop_Vital_Yr19.aspx |title=Population and Vital Statistics – Year 2019 |publisher=Statistics Mauritius |date=March 2020 |access-date=6 May 2020}}</ref> | population_estimate_rank = 158th | population_estimate_year = 2019 | population_census = 1,237,091<ref name="2011census"/> | population_census_year = 2011 | population_density_km2 = 618.24 | population_density_sq_mi = 1,602.55 | population_density_rank = 10th | GDP_PPP = $31.705 billion<ref name="IMFWEOMU">{{cite web|url=https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2019/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=10&pr.y=10&sy=2017&ey=2024&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=684&s=NGDPD%2CPPPGDP%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPPC&grp=0&a= |title=World Economic Outlook Database, April 2019|publisher=[[International Monetary Fund]] |website=IMF.org |access-date=8 June 2019}}</ref> | GDP_PPP_rank = 133rd | GDP_PPP_year = 2019 | GDP_PPP_per_capita = $25,029<ref name="IMFWEOMU"/> | GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 61st | GDP_nominal = $14.000 billion<ref name="IMFWEOMU"/> | GDP_nominal_year = 2019 | GDP_nominal_rank = 129th | GDP_nominal_per_capita = $11,693<ref name="IMFWEOMU"/> | GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 64th | utc_offset = +4 | date_format = dd/mm/yyyy ([[Anno Domini|AD]]) | drives_on = left | calling_code = [[+230]] | cctld = [[.mu]] }} [[File:LocationMauritius.png|900px|thumb|]] [[File:Port_Louis,_Mauritius.jpg|thumb|right|400px|]] [[File:Fish_-_La_Pirogue_-_Mauritius_Island.jpg|thumb|right|400px|]] [[File:Trip_to_mother-in-law's_results_in_some_-mauritian_treats_-napolitaine_-gateau_-mauritius_-food_-cakes_-biscuits.jpg|thumb|right|400px|]] [[File:Bol-renverse.jpg|thumb|right|400px|]] '''Mauritius''' waa wadan [[Jasiirad]]o ka kooban, waxeena ku yaalaan bartamaha [[Badweynta Hindiya]].jasiiradahaan waxee 900 u jirtaa jasiirada weyn ee [[Madagaskar]]. ==Xubin== * [[IORA]] *[[Midowga Afrika]] *[[Qaramada Midoobay]] ==Waddnamha Degaan Mauritius== * {{Flag|India}} Hindustan 8,100+ * {{flag|Bangladesh}} 8,200+ * {{flag|Pakistan}} 2,250+ * {{Flag|United Arab Emirates}} 100+ * {{Flag|Kenya}} 300+ * {{Flag|Great Britain}} 500+ * {{Flag|United States}} 500+ * {{Flag|Taiwan}} 500+ {{Dalalka Afrika}} 4v3titjk1lvt7057325rrtg8snp3r9t Shah Rukh Khan 0 9386 239743 236626 2022-08-10T08:56:31Z 65.95.172.135 wikitext text/x-wiki Shah Rukh Khan (wuxuu dhashay 2 Noofambar 1965), oo sidoo kale loo yaqaanay magaca 'SRK', waa jilaa Hindi ah, soo saare filim, iyo shaqsiyad telefishan. Waxaa lagu tilmaamaa inuu yahay Baadshah of Bollywood (marka loo eego filimkiisii ​​1999 ee ''[[Baadshah]]''), King of Bollywood iyo King Khan, wuxuu kasoo muuqday in kabadan 80 Aflaanta Bollywoodka, wuxuuna kasbaday abaalmarino badan oo ay kujiraan 14 [[Filmfare Awards]].  Dowladda India waxay u abaalmarisay [[Padma Shri]], Dowlada Faransiiskana waxay ku abaalmarisay [[Ordre des Arts et des Lettres]] iyo [[Legion of Honor]]. Khan wuxuu leeyahay muhiimad soo socota Aasiya iyo qurbaha India ee adduunka oo dhan. Marka laga hadlayo cabirka daawadayaasha iyo dakhliga, Waxaa lagu sharaxay inuu yahay mid ka mid ah jilaayaasha filimada ugu caansan adduunka.<ref name=""> One Billion</ref>.<ref name="">Richest Actors2</ref>. <ref name="">thetimes12</ref>.{{Infobox person|name=Shah Rukh Khan|years_active=1988–xaadir|signature=ShahRukh Khan Sgnature transparent.png|awards=|works=|children=3|spouse={{marriage|[[Gauri Khan|Gauri Chibber]]|1991|}}|net_worth=$600 million (2020)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://gulfnews.com/photos/entertainment/meet-the-worlds-richest-movie-star-an-indian-shah-rukh-khan-1.1578313981556?slide=1|first=Shreya|last=Bhatia|title=Meet the world's richest movie star, an Indian: Shah Rukh Khan|date=January 6, 2020|website=[[Gulf News]]}}</ref>|occupation=* soo saare filim * shaqsiyada telefishanka * ganacsade|image=Shah Rukh Khan graces the launch of the new Santro.jpg|alma_mater=[[Jaamacadda Delhi]]<ref>{{cite news|title=SRK finally receives graduation degree from Hansraj College after 28 years |url=http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/shah-rukh-khan-receives-graduation-degree-after-28-years/ |date=17 February 2016 |accessdate=17 February 2016 |work=[[The Indian Express]] |url-status=live |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160217094401/http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/shah-rukh-khan-receives-graduation-degree-after-28-years/ |archivedate=17 February 2016 |df= }}</ref>|birth_place=[[New Delhi]], Hindiya {{sfn|Chopra|2007||loc= p. 27|ps=: "born on 2 November 1965 at Talwar Nursing Home, in New Delhi"}}|birth_date={{birth date and age|1965|11|2|df=yes}}.<ref name="">Time of Calendar</ref>.|birth_name=Shahrukh Khan|caption=|alt=|honours=[[Padma Shri]] (2005)<br />[[Ordre des Arts et des Lettres]] (2007)<br />[[Légion d'honneur]] (2014)}} == Nolosha hore == Khan waxa uu ku dhashay on 2 November 1965 ee New Delhi , India , oo soo koriyey ee Mangalore ee shanta sano ee ugu horreeya ee uu noloshiisa . oo uu awoowe uu ahaa injineer Chief ee Mangalore dekadda 60eeyaha . Markaasaa aabbihiis , Taj Mohammed Khan , korsiay qowmiyad , waxay ahayd dhaqdhaqaaqe madaxbanaanida Indian from Peshawar , British Hindiya ( maanta Pakistan ) . [ 23 ] Sida ay Khan , board- dhiganayo asal ahaan wuxuu ka yimid Afgaanistaan ​​. [ 24 ] oo hooyadiis , Lateef Fatima , waxay ahayd gabadhii qaatay ee Shah Nawaz Khan , General Major ah ee Ciidanka Qaranka Hindiya . [ 25 ] Shahrukh Khan aabihii in si New Delhi ka yimid Qissa Khawani Bazaar ee Peshawar ka hor 1947 Risaalo ka mid ah Hindiya . [26] marka laga inuu asal ahaan , Khan wuxuu isu sharaxay on Twitter sida " hyderabadi kala badh ( hooyada ) , nus korsiay (aabbihiis) , Kashmiri qaar ka mid ah ( ayeeyo ) " [27] Aabbihii waa uu dhintey kansarka markii Khan ahayd 15 sano jir , iyo hooyadiis ku dhintay 1990 ka dib markii xanuun daba dheeraaday . [ 28 ] [ 29 ] Khan oo ahaa mid aad u lifaaqan Waalid inuu u aqbalin sida ilmo iyo qeexayaa dhimashada ay hore sida tub in uu nolol iyo sida uu dhiiranaanta ugu weyn ee shaqo adag . Khan wuxuu leeyahay walaashaa ee oday la odhan jiray Shehnaz . [ 30 ] Koritaanka ee xaafadda Rajendra Nagar ee Delhi , [31] Khan qeyb galay St Columba ee School [ goorma? ] Iyo College Hansraj ah ( 1985-1988 ) xoogsigiisa Bakalooriyada in Economics . In kasta oo isna wuu eryooday Darajo Masters ah ee Mass Communications at Jamia Millia Islaam , mar dambe ayuu u baxay ciidan ah ee Bollywood . [ 32 ] Sidoo kale wuxuu ka qeyb galay School Qaranka ee Drama in Delhi . [ 33 ] [ goorma? ] Dhimashaddii hooyadiis ka dib , Khan guuray Mumbai 1991 . [ 34 ] wuxuu guursaday Gauri Chibber , Hindu ah , in xaflad aroos dhaqameed Hindu on 25 October 1991 . [ 28 ] Sida ay Khan , halka wuxuu si xoog leh uu rumaysan yahay in Islam , ayuu sidoo kale waxa la qiimeeyo diinta xaaskiisa . Marka guriga , carruurta uu raaco diimaha labada , kula Quraanka lagu soo socota inay timaado ku sameeyay ilaahyadii Hindu . [35] Waxay leeyihiin wiil ( B. 1997 ) 'Ra' iyo gabadh Suhana ( B. 2000 ) . In 2013 waxay noqdeen waalid ilmo saddexaad magacaabay Aabraam [ 36 ] via hooyada gaadh ah . [ 37 ] [ 38 ] Khan walaasheed ka weyn Shehnaz sidoo kale [ 39 ] iyaga la deggan yahay . = 2.'''shaqada uu ka shaqeeyo''' = Khan bartay cuskanaysa kudayasho suuban ee agaasimaha tiyaatarka Barry John at Delhi ee " Theatre Action Group " ( TAG ) Khan doorka ugu horeeya ee cardigan ahaa ee taxanaha telefishanka Lekh Tandon ee Dil Dariya , laakiin sabab u tahay dib u dhac -soo-saarka , taxane telefishan 1988 , Fauji wuxuu ahaa ugu horeeyay ee telefishanka uu . Waxa uu ciyaaray doorka hoggaamineed ee Commando Abhimanyu Rai ee show ah loo amaano , kaas oo isaga tiro aqoonsi kasbaday . [ 34 ] [ 41 ] wuxuu on galay inuu u muuqdaan in Aziz Mirza ee Circus ( 1989 ) [ 42 ] iyo waxay door yar yar ee lagu sameeyo -for- telefishanka filim luuqadda Ingiriiska , kaas oo Annie siiyaa Waxa kuwii ( 1989 ) . Wuxuu kasoo muuqday teleserials kuwan , oo keentay dhaleecayn inay is barbar dhigaan style jilitaanka leh in filimka jilaaga Dilip Kumar . [ 43 ] In 1991 , Khan daadatay iyo salkeeda ilaa Mumbai iyo heshay filimka dalab ugu horeeyay ee ay la Hema Malini ee ugu horeeyay directorial Dil Aashna Hai . [ 34 ] si kastaba ha ahaatee , ay sabab u dhac -soo-saarka , filimka labaad , Deewana (1992) , garab Rishi Kapoor iyo Divya Bharti marka hore la sii daayay . [ 33 ] Filimku wuxuu noqday a hit xafiiska sanduuqa , iyo bilaabay xirfadiisa Bollywood [ 44 ] oo uu ku guuleystay Filmfare ahBest Award Male kooxda , sanadka soo socda . [ tigidka loo baahan yahay ] Khan iyo xaaskiisa Gauri Chhibber ee 2012 ; waxay guursatay xitaa ka hor ayuu xirfadda filimka bilaabay in 1992 In 1992 wuxuu ciyaaray dabeecadda Malasfax in comedy ah , Gentleman Raju Ban Gaya , kaas oo ahaa inuu ugu horeysay ee shaqayntu badan leh jilaa Juhi Chawla .Filimku wuxuu cadeeyay inuu yahay a hit xafiiska sanduuqa . [ 45 ] wuxuu on galay inuu star in Ketan Mehta ee Maya doonaa jilidda (1993) , la qabsashada ah ee Gustave hit counter ee sheeko Madame Bovary . Marka la sii daayo , filimka guud khilaaf ee Hindiya ay sabab u tahay muuqashada Khan ee ah " cad " goobta galmo la wada -star Deepa Sahi . [ [[bollewooh|46]] [[File:Juhi Chawla,Shahrukh Khan From The SRK, Urmila, Juhi & Chitrangda at 'I Am' National Award winning bash (23).jpg|thumb|260x260px|Khan iyo xaaskiisa ee <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gauri_Khan" title="Gauri Khan">Gauri </a>[[Khan2012]]; waxay guursatay xitaa ka hor ayuu xirfadda filimka bilaabay in 1992]] <figcaption></figcaption> = 3.'''Guul u Ba'an iyo ganacsiga : 1993-97''' = In 1993 , Khan , irdaha mahadnaq ah ee la kulaney ee doorarka negative , in of an lover waswaas ah iyo mid dhiig qaba , siday u kala horreeyaan , in xafiiska sanduuqa Hits , Darr iyo Baazigar . [ 47 ] " Encyclopedia of Hindi daweeyaa " ayaa lagu falanqeeyay in "ayuu ku cayday image ee geesiga caadiga ah ee labada filimada kuwaas oo abuuray inuu version gaarka ah ee geesiga revisionist . " [ 48 ] Darr calaamadsan ugu horeysay ee shaqayntu badan oo Khan leh film - gaare Yash Chopra oo uu Banner Yash Raj Films . Khan stammering filimka iyo adeegsiga weedha , " waan ku jeclahay , Kkkiran , " waxay ahaayeen kuwo la jecel yahay la leh dhageystayaasha . [ 49 ] deyntiisa kale , Baazigar , kaas oo uu ciyaaray aarsada aan la qiyaasi karin , kuwaas oo dil isaga iyo xaaskiisa , " argaggixiyey dhageystayaasha Indian " oo leh xad-gudub ah lama filaan ah oo ka mid ah caanaha caadiga ah Bollywood . [ 50 ] isaga waxqabadka ee Baazigar isaga ku guuleystay inuu Filmfare Award Best Actor marka hore . Isla sanadkii , Khan ciyaaray doorka muusikiiste jacaylka - ku dhuftay ah ee Kundan Shah ee dramedy Kabhi Haan Kabhi Naa , waxqabadka in isaga ah Dhaleeceyn Award Filmfare for Best Performance kasbaday . In dib u eegis ah kunba in 2004 for Jengeli , Sukanya Verma waxa loo yaqaan Khan waxqabadka ugu fiican . [ 51 ] Khan , isaga qudhiisa ayaa 2006 , inuu filimku this to filimka ugu fiican in uu u dhaqmeen maadan [ 52 ] Sannadkii 1994 , Khan mar kale ciyaaray ah lover waswaas ah Anjaam , co- cardigan Madhuri Dixit . In kastoo filimka ahaa failiure ganacsi , Khan waxqabadka isaga kasbaday Best gool kulaad Award Filmfare ah . [ 53 ] Sannadkii 1995 , Khan jilay laba blockbusters sanduuq - xafiiska . Isaga oo marka hore loo sii daayo ahaa Rakesh Roshan ee bixijirey melodramatic Karan Arjun , kaas oo Khan ahayd qayb ka mid ah ee kabka ah ensemble ka mid ah Salman Khan , Kajol , Mamta Kulkarni , Raakhee iyo kucawin . Filimku wuxuu , kaas oo la macaamilooday fikradda ah reincarnation , wuxuu noqday filimka labaad ee ugu Idman ee sanadkan ee Hindiya . [ 54 ] wuxuu u raaceen leh ugu horeeyay directorial Aditya Chopra ee , jacayl ah Dilwale Dulhania Le Jayenge . Guul muhiim ah oo ganacsi weyn , filimka wuxuu noqday wax soo saarka sanadka ee ugu sareysa - Idman ee Hindiya ee dibadda iyo [ 55 ] Filimka lagu dhawaaqey ah " Saylac Lughaya waqtiga oo dhan " ; . Ahaatee waxa wali filimka ugu dheer - ordaya ee taariikhda shineemo Indian [ 56 ] iyo sida of 2011 , waxaa weli ku ciyaaraan ee tiyaatarka Maratha Mandir ee Mumbai . [ 57 ] Dilwale Dulhania Le Jayenge ayaa saamayn weyn INR 1.2 billion oo dunida ah . Filimku wuxuu ku guuleystay toban Filmfare Awards , iyo Khan waxqabadka sida NRI yar oo dhacaa for dabeecaddiisa Kajol ee halka safar Yurub oo dhan isaga ku guuleystay ogey iyo Award Actor labaad Best at Filmfare ah . Sannadkii 2005 , Indiatimes Movies kaalinta filimka baahsan ee 25 -ka Waa Eeg Bollywood Films , waxa xusaya sida " trendsetter of noocyo " a . [ 58 ] Raja Sen dib loo eego , " Khan siinayaa waxqabadka a heer sare ah , ayaal lover for 1990 with panache weyn . Waxa uu qabow iyo flippant , laakiin daacad ah oo ku filan in ay rafcaan u Abuukar [ Akhri ] . waxqabadka laftiisu waa , sida ugu fiican ee shirkadu ku , soo ciyaaray si wanaagsan ay u soo gaarto sida effortless ku filan , sida non- jilitaanka . " [ 59 ] 1996 cadaatay in ay hal sano ka niyad for Khan , sidii uu u muuqday in laba failiures muhiim ah oo ganacsi , Praveen Nischol ee Ingiriisi Babu Desi nidaam dawli ah iyo Mahesh Bhatt ' Chaahat [ 60 ] Si kastaba ha ahaatee , sanadkii 1997 , doorka uu cardigan in Subhash Ghai ee riwaayadaha bulshada Pardes isaga kasbaday guul ganacsi . Filimku wuxuu , kaas oo sidoo kale featured Dhyan Chaudhry iyo Apurva arrini marayso , isaga arkeen sawir doorka Arjun , aflaan tallan a moral soo food saartay . Waxqabadkiisa isaga magacaw ah jilaaga ku Best at the xaflad Filmfare Award kasbaday . Ka dibna wuxuu saftay comedy ka taataabtay Aziz Mirza ee , Haa Boss , ka soo horjeedka Juhi Chawla . Marka la sii daayo , filimka la sameeyey dhexdhexaad ah iyo sidoo at the - xafiiska sanduuqa . [ 61 ] deyntiisa kama dambaysta ah ee sanadka ahayd Yash Chopra ee Dalka Koofur Afrika muusikada Saylac Lughaya , Dil to FilmBest . Mashruucu wuxuu , sidoo kale featuring Madhuri Dixit iyo Karishma Kapoor , calaamadsan oo uu wada shaqeyn labaad kula gaare filimka . Khan essayed doorka Rahul , agaasimaha marxaladda ku dhacaa, in jacayl leh mid ka mid ah uu soo sawiri cusub ah , ciyaaray by Dixit . Filimku wuxuu sidoo kale uu qabadka la kulmay mahadnaq muhiimka ah; wuxuu ku guuleystay inuu Award Best Actor saddexaad ee Filmfare ah [ 61 ] . [[File:Shahrukh Khan 2004.jpg|thumb|309x309px]] = '''4.1998-2002: aqoonsi International''' = Sannadkii 1998, Khan muuqday saddex filimada. Isaga oo marka hore loo sii daayo ahaa Mahesh Bhatt ayaa tallaabo comedy, Karne soo horjeeda Juhi Chawla oo Landmark Bendre. Filimku wuxuu, taas oo ay aragtay isaga door double sawir, calaamadsan oo uu ugu horeeya ee shaqayntu badan oo leh shirkadda wax soo saarka Yash Johar ee, sawdkiina Productions. Si kastaba ha ahaatee Filimka, ku guuldareysatay inay si fiican u sameeyaan xafiiska sanduuqa. [62] markaa uu ku guuleystay aannu ammaantaada ugu muhiim ah, isaga oo waxqabadka ee Ratnam ee loo amaano Dil Se ... Filimku wuxuu ahaa kii saddexaad ee Ratnam ee afafka, filimada terror in muujinayaa xiriirka aadanaha ka dhanka ah asalka ah oo ah siyaasi Indian, ka dib markii Roja (1992) iyo Bombay (1995). [63] [64] Khan ciyaaray qayb ka mid ah Amarkant "Amar" Varma, wariye All India Radio an, kuwaas oo horumarisa infatuation ah oo argagixiso ah dahsoon, ciyaaray by Manisha Koirala. [65] Rediff.com la daabacay, "Khan gaarsiisaa waxqabadka qasab ah. Wuxuu door weyn ka qaba xakameeyaan giijisan, oo qeexaysa ku qotontay superbly." [ 66] Filimka, taas oo dhaqaale ahaan ku guuldareystay in Hindiya, si kastaba ha ahaatee, ah guul ganacsiga dibada, [67] noqoto Indian filimka ugu horeeya in ay galaan 10 at xafiiska sanduuqa United Kingdom ah. [68] Deyntiisa kama dambaysta ah ee sanadka ahayd Karan Johar ee Dalka Koofur Afrika candyfloss, Qaylodhaan Qaylodhaan Hota Hai, kaas oo isaga lagu lamaaneeyey Kajol iyo Rani Mukerji. Filimku wuxuu ku dhawaaqey ah "Saylac Lughaya waqtiga oo dhan", oo leh guud ee adduunka ka badan INR1 bilyan. [69] Khan ciyaaray doorka Rahul Khanna, arday kulliyadda a, ku dhacaa, in jacayl leh oo uu saaxiib fiican ee, Anjali (Kajol) ka dib markii dhimasho of xaaskiisa, Tina (iisulwasaaraha oo), sannadood ka dib jebinta inay la kulmaan. Waxqabadkiisa isaga badisay Actor abaalmarinta Best xaflad Filmfare sanadka labaad oo isku xiga. Khan sii daayo kaliya ee 1999, baadshah soo horjeeda Twinkle Khanna, waxay ahayd grosser celcelis ahaan, kaas oo uu ku kasbaday a magacaabista Filmfare Award for Performance Best in Doorka bilaha. [70] Isla sanadkaas, Khan dhigay isaga oo shirkada wax soo saarka gaar ah, Dreamz Unlimited jilaaga, Juhi Chawla oo ah agaasimaha, Aziz Mirza. (Hoos fiiri). Sannadkii 2000, saddex ka wada shaqeeyeen on iyagoo filimka ugu horeeya, Phir Jawan Dil Hai Hindustani. Filimku wuxuu ku furay reviews isku qasan ka soo dhaleecayn iyo dhageystayaasha isu eg iyo ku fashilmeen in ay la jaanqaadaan guusha ganacsi ee filimada hore seddexda ee, Gentleman Raju Ban Gaya iyo Haa Boss. [71]  Khan sii daayo next ahaa Mansoor Khan tallaabo riwaayad Josh. Filimku wuxuu ku jilay Khan sida Amiiral burcad a Christian in Goa, kula Aishwarya Rai ciyaaro walaashiis mataan. Filimku wuxuu ku ah guusha uu xafiiska sanduuqa ku yaal labada Hindiya ee dibadda iyo. [71] Vinayak Chakravorty of Hindustan Times ka qoray in Khan "basks in uu kaalin tailormade, xaqii feedhaha leh panache iyo Cumrada ee streetsmart adag." [72] wuxuu ku xiga ciyaaray ee doorka dahan a Muslim, la garaacay si uu u dhinto inta lagu guda jiro Kacdoon soo socda Risaalo ka mid ah India ee Hey Ram. Directed by iyo wada-cardigan Kamal Hassan, filimka wuxuu ahaa loo amaano iyo loo doortay Hindiya ee galitaanka Film ka Best Language Dibadda faxad sanadkaas. [73] Intaa waxaa dheer, waayo version Tamil ee filimka, Khan loogu magac daray, isaga oo u gaar ah Khadadka. [74] deyntiisa kama dambaysta ah ee sanadka ahayd Aditya Chopra ee riwaayadaha Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Mohabbatein, co-cardigan Amitabh Bachchan. Filimku wuxuu ahaa guul weyn ee dhaqaale, iyo Khan waxqabadka sidii macalinka music a ahaa marsiiyey by dhaleecayn; Taran ceyrow ee Bollywood Hungama ku xusan isaga noqon "aad u fiican sida Raj loo raacshay." Wuxuu ahaa la siiyay uu labaad Filmfare Dhaleeceyn Award for Best Actor for waxqabadkiisa filimka.  Sannadkii 2001, Khan soo saaray iyo essayed doorka Malasfax in Tacaddi waxa taariikhi ah Santosh Siwaan ee, Asoka, koonto qayb fictionalized ee nolosha Ashoka weyn. [75] Filimku wuxuu ahaa baaray at Film barakiciyay ay ka Festival iyo 2001 Toronto International Film Festival si . jawaab togan [76] Filimka, kaas oo sidoo kale featured Kareena Kapoor helay reviews guud ahaan wanaagsan leh Khan qaata reactions wanaagsan oo uu waxqabadkayagu; ". ayuu bulsheed ee waxqabadka xoog leh, in xilkaan si fiican u qeexay" Xusay gabagabeeyey in [77]  Soo socda isaga oo la kaashanaya Karan Johar oo mar kale Riwaayadda qoyska, Kabhi Khushi Kabhie Gham, kaas oo uu saftay sida qayb ka mid ah ee kabka ah ensemble ka mid ah Amitabh Bachchan, Jaya Bachchan, Kajol, Kareena Kapoor iyo Hrithik Roshan. Filimku wuxuu ahaa guul weyn ee dhaqaale ee Hindiya iyo top Idman-soo-saarka dalka Hindiya oo dhan-time suuqa dibada ilaa 2006, kasbanayaan in ka badan INR 1.17 billion oo dunida ah. [78] Khan wixii qadaf ah ee Rahul Raichand, wiil ay korsatay dabeecaddiisa Bachchan ayaa, bal yaa isaga u Ki for guurinayay gabar ka tirsan koox hoose dhaqan-dhaqaale badan qoyskiisa, ciyaaray by Kajol, ayaa la kulmay mahadnaq dadweynaha ballaaran. Khan ku tilmaamay qof ee Rahul by leh, "Waxaan jeclahay ee nuglaanta iyo daacadnimo ku jira inuu indhihiisa. Wuxuu leeyahay racfaanka ee wiil albaabka ku xiga. Sokow, uu xoogga iyo awoodda ay u gaarsiin caadifadaha oo aan erayada waa yaab." [79] Taran ceyrow iyo dib u eegeen, "Khan haddana mar kale sparkles", oo ogaaney in uu sameeyaa qayb ka ah "oo leh koobay Madaxweynaha la yaab leh, fasalka, daacadnimo iyo bisaylkooda". [80] Waxaa rafaadka magacaabista kale for Award Filmfare Best Actor. Khan galin dagdag ah Kabhi Khushi Kabhie Gham sida "tub in mustaqbalkiisa ciyaareed ah". [79]  Sanadkii 2002, Khan ciyaareen door titlular ee Sanjay Leela Uur ee Dalka Koofur muddo, Devdas, kaas oo ahaa Bollywood filimka ugu qaalisan ee abid lagu sameeyo waqtiga. [81] Tani waxay ahayd Hindi dhaqaaleedka filim saddexaad ee Sharat Chandra Chattopadhyay ee sheeko of magac la mid ah. Featuring soo horjeeda Aishwarya Rai iyo Madhuri Dixit, Khan waxqabadka sida khamriga ah oo caasiyoobay, oo ahaa iyo sidoo kale helay iyo wuxuu ku guuleystay weli Award kale Actor Filmfare Best. Filimku wuxuu shaac baxeen sida filimka ugu sareeya Idman ee sanadkan ee Hindiya iyo wadamada dibadda, kasbanayaan dakhli ah ee INR84 crore (US $ 13 million) oo dunida ah. [82] [83] Devdas ku guuleystay abaalmarinta badan, oo ay ku jiraan 10 Filmfare Awards oo la helay baaritaanka gaar ah at the 2002 Film Festival Cannes. [84] [85] Waxaa helay magacaabista Bafta for Film Best Language Dibadda iyo sidoo kale ahaa Hindiya ee galitaanka Film ka Best Language Dibadda faxad. Waraysi uu la yeeshay Rediff.com, Khan commented, "stars Waxaan ku nooshahay xumbo this halkaas oo qof walba waxa uu dhoola aad at, halkaas oo qof waliba wuu idin jecel yahay. Calashaan, waxaad waayi la xiriirto dhab ah, oo qoto dheer hoos u murugo. Working on filim this naga xiri qaba dareen in. "[33] Ka dib markii la sii daayo filimka, Khan qaaday jabsaday lix bilood ah ka soo matalaya. Waxaa uu sheegay in intii uu nasasho, ayuu "ku faraxsanaayeen dareen reer Murugo". Khan ayaa sidoo kale jilay garab Madhuri Dixit iyo Salman Khan ee-riwaayad qoyska Hum Tumhare Hain. Filimku wuxuu, kaas oo ahaa in samaynta muddo lix sano ah, ay sabab u kala go'ayn dhibaatooyinka soo saarka, ah grosser celcelis ahaan xafiiska sanduuqa. [82] = 5.2003 : dhaawac kheyr iyo qalliin ku xiga = Bishii December 2001 , halka Lily muuqaalka gaar ah Krishna Vamsi ee Shakti : Power The , Khan dhaawac dhabarta ah halka qabanayaan saleynayo ficil [ 86 ] wuxuu u duulay Adariya toddobaadkii dambe for taxane ah oo marxalad shows taas oo keentay inay jirba dheeraad ah . xaaladdiisa . [ 86 ] By waqti aad u Mumbai wuu soo noqday , Khan uu ahaa aragga xanuun aad u daran . [ 86 ] wuxuu ahaa cudurka disc a prolapsed u dhexeeya araxda lix iyo toddoba . [ 86 ] Khan isku dayeen dabiibka alternative kala duwan ka soo homeopathy si Fasal Xaaji laakiin waxba ku bixiyeen in xal waara loo . [ 86 ] wuxuu markii dambe toogtay Devdas ( 2002 ) iyo Chalte Chalte (2003) in xanuun ba'an oo sii biqil for Kal Ho Naa Ho (2003) . [ 86 ] [ 87 ] By bilowgii 2003 , Khan xaalad aad u ba'an sii xumaatay . [ 86 ] [ 88 ] [ 88 ] Bishii Febraayo , Khan waxaa loo sheegay by dhakhaatiirta ee uu lahaa si uu u maro Cervical Discectomy degdeg ah iswadda . [ 89 ] [ 88 ] [ 90 ] qaliin The meel on 24 February ee Isbitaalka Wellington , London iyo qaatay muddo hal saac - . disc titanium a la galiyay in uu laf-dhabarka oo uu soo saarey laba maalmood ka dib markii [ 86 ] wuxuu wajahay dhibaatooyin post -operative dhowr ay ka mid yihiin xabeeb , daciifnimo , xanuun iyo sare halista infakshanka . [ 86 ] [ 89 ] wuxuu u bilaabeen Kal Ho Naa Ho (2003) iyo Main Hoon Na ( 2004 ) tooganayasa in June of si kastaba ha ahaatee isla sanadkaas , dhaawac keentay Khan hoos jarida noticeably on shaqo iyo yaraynta uu tirada filimo ah sanadkiiba . [ 87 ] [ 91 ] Sannadkii 2003 , Khan soo saaray iyo jilay Aziz Mirza ee , Chalte Chalte , jacayl ah ka qabashada dhibaatooyin ka soo food by lamaane is qaba , ka soo horjeedka iisulwasaaraha oo . Filimku wuxuu ahaa dhexdhexaad ah lagu guuleystay in Hindiya iyo wixii intaa , si fiican suuqyada dibada nabdoonaa [ 92 ] [ 93 ] deyntiisa soo socda ahayd Kal Ho Naa Ho , dramedy a dhigay Magaalada New York; . Qoray Karan Johar , si toos ah by Nikhil Advani iyo wada - cardigan Jaya Bachchan , Preity Zinta iyo Saif Ali Khan . Khan helay mahadnaq muhiim u tahay sanadihii hore wixii qadaf ah ee Aman Mathur , nin qaba cudur wadne dilaa ah . Hindu ayaa xustay , " isaga oo xamaasad Fadli , isaga oo tamar adeeein , Shah Rukh waa in foomka halkan . Oo sidii nin leh maalmo kooban oo ay ku noolaadaan iyo nolol ay u hoydaan daqiiqad , ayuu ka eegayaa aad la jeceel . Wuxuu hoos u dhigta badan si ay ilmada . iyo ilmaysiisa kasta oo uu u kacda rank sare ee milatgariga of jilayaasha " . [ 94 ] filimka waxa uu ahaa guul muhiim ah iyo ganacsiga , noqoto filimka labaad ee ugu sareeya Idman gudaha iyo Bollywood filimka top Idman suuqa dibada sanadkaas . [ 92 ] markii [ goorma? ] habeeyaa sicir bararka total its adduunka guud waxaa loo INR 1.3 bilyan . [ 95 ] Filimku wuxuu isaga Filmfare Best Award Actor magacaabista kale kasbaday . = 6.<u>'''[[shahruhkhan|2003-10: jilista iyo ogey]]'''</u> = = <br /> = Khan leh Kajol iyo Karan Johar at the 2010 Berlin International Film Festival ay filimka My Name Ma Khan . 2004 wuxuu ahaa sanad halis ah oo ganacsigooduna for Khan . Wuxuu soo saaray iyo jilay Farah Khan ee ugu horeeyay directorial , tallaabo comedy ku Main Hoon Na garab Suniel Shetty , Sushmita Sen , Kirron Kher , Amrita Rao iyo Zayed Khan . Wax ka qabashada account a fictionalized ee xiriirka Hindiya - Bakistaan ​​, filimka ah a guusha weyn ee ganacsiga . [ 96 ] markaa wuxuu ciyaaray ah Air Force tijaabo Indian , Hoobiyayaal Hogaamiyaha Veer Pratap Singh in Yash Chopra ee jacaylka taxanaha Veer - Zaara garab iisulwasaaraha oo oo Preity Zinta . Filimku wuxuu ahaa hit ugu weyn ee 2004 ee labada Hindiya iyo dibada , oo leh guud ee adduunka ka badan INR 940 million [ 78 ] [ 96 ] iyo Iagu 55aad Berlin Film Festival in ay mahadnaq muhiim ah . [ 97 ] Veer - Zaara , taasoo oos jacaylka Singh iyo qof dumar ah oo Pakistani , Zaara Haayat Khan ( Zinta ) kexeeyeen Khan mahadnaq leh Rama Sharma ka qoraal Tribune , " Shah Rukh Khan halkan qaaddey dhaadheer, waqtigan xasaasiga ah , anigoo goor wanaagsan ee kor ku nasakhay ah . weedho ku jiraan dad waaweyn ka gaari out to taaban qalbiga dadku ay wadaagaan . " [ 98 ] Bishii December 2004 , Khan ballaaran ka helay ogey , isaga oo waxqabadka ee Ashutosh Gowariker ee riwaayadaha bulshada , Swades . Sidoo kale featuring Gayatri Joshi , Swades Abuu Bakar sheekadii saynisyahan NASA ah kuwaas oo ku soo laabtay Hindiya si ay u hesho la xiriir Oo xididdadiisuna . Dhowr filimada naqdiya tixgelin Khan waxqabadka filimka inuu noqdo isaga oo ugu fiican ilaa taariikhda . [ 8 ] Ansaarul Jitesh Pillai falanqeeyay , " Ugu dambayntii waxa qalbigaaga ku soo booda u sixir ah Shah Rukh Khan , kuwaas oo unarguably siinayaa waxqabadka fiicnaa mustaqbalkiisa ee . Laxo ee dhagarta kasta ama tamar habdhiska , isaga oo cidhiidhi iyo waa la taaban karo . wuxuu kala degtaa Mohan Bharghava fudayd consummate , waxa aad dareemi kartaa lillaahinimada ee ku baajiyeen , surtoobee oo ilmo uu " . [ 99 ] Filmfare ka mid waxqabadkiisa sanadkii 2010 arrinta of the " Top 80 jimcaha la sameeyay " . [ 100 ] wuxuu ahaa sharaxan Filmfare Best Actor Award for dhan saddex of sii daayo oo uu sannadkii 2004 , iyo ugu danbeyn ku guuleystay abaalmarinta for Swades . [ 96 ] filim laftiisu ahaa featured liiska Xusay ee 10ka Best Bollywood Movies of the Toban . [ 101 ] Waxa uu sii daayo kaliya ee 2005 , Jawan soo horjeeda iisulwasaaraha oo , Iagu Film Tirinta Madax ka Festival oo loo doortay Hindiya ee rasmiga ah in ay la gurayo , waayo 79- Academy Awards entry . [ 102 ] Inkastoo nabadgelyo ee at the - xafiiska sanduuqa , Jawan ahaa loo amaano , sida uu ahaa Khan ee waxqabadka , taasoo Raja Sen loo yaqaan " A waxqabadka u oolli-jirin , [ That ] sababaha uu sarraynta ee dunida filimka " . [ 103 ] sanadka soo socda ayaa , Khan gacan saar la leeyihiin Karan Johar for markii saddexaad ee ka - riwaayadaha dadka waaweyn , Kabhi Alvida Naa Kehna . Iyada oo iska tuur, an ensemble ay ka mid yihiin Amitabh Bachchan , Preity Zinta , Abhishek Bachchan , iisulwasaaraha oo iyo Kirron Kher , filimka ayaa sheegay in sheekadii laba lamaane unhappily guursaday ee New York , taas oo keentey in arrin ah niman aan . Khan ciyaaray doorka Dev Saran , ciyaaryahan qadhaadh iyo gedaaman kubada cagta hore , waa kuwa kamidyihiin xaaskiisa ( Zinta ) guulo sida editor majaladda fashion ah . Filimku wuxuu ka helay reviews Wakaladda ka soo filimada naqdiya laakiin ah a guusha weyn ee ganacsiga ; . Baxaya sida grosser ugu weyn India ee suuqa dibada , oo leh dakhliga ka badan INR 1.13 billion oo dunida ah [ 78 ] [ 104 ] Wuxu la essayed doorka Malasfax in bixijirey ficilka , Don , Jen ah 1978 filimka of isku magaca . Filimku wuxuu sidoo kale Khan comments isku qasan ka heshay filimada naqdiya . Isaga oo qabadka ahaa oo marar badan marka la barbar dhigo in ee Amitabh Bachchan , Aktarka ee asalka ah . [ 105 ] Taran ceyrow sheegay in Khan " ma aad u wanaagsan sida Don . Wuxuu Kongreeska qof sharka leh barwaaqoobi doonaa . Laakiin uu ku guuldareysto inuu qaado off doorka kale [ Vijay ] Xukuntay . Waxay u egtahay ilaa sameeyey , waxa aanu u iman dabiiciga ah isaga at dhan . " [ 105 ] Iyadoo Derek Elley of kala duwan ku dooday in " waa adag tahay in la aqbalo ( Khan ) sida qof horyaalka " iyo in " Khan waa meel fog wax qancin sida Vijay , ilaa ciyaaro si uu Rooma - com raacsan waxaad aaddaa kaftan waxay isugeyn . " [ 106 ] filimku wuxuu noqday filimka shanaad ee ugu Idman ee sanadkan ee Hindiya [ 104 ] iyo filimada ugu sareeya Idman ee sannadka suuqa dibada . Waxa saamayn guud ahaan INR 1.04 billion oo dunida ah . [ 78 ] Labada Kabhi Alvida Naa Kehna iyo Don isaga kasbaday magacaabidda Best Actor at Filmfare ah , halka tan dambe ayaa isaga Actor magacaabista a Best at the Awards Asian Film kasbaday . Sannadkii 2007 , Khan saftay Yash Raj Films ' Chak De ! Hindiya , xisaab a semi- khayaalka oo ka mid ah kooxda Indian haweenka xeegada qaranka . Khan ayaa sheegay in halka uu asal ahaan wuu caawiyey inta lagu guda jiro Cabdijibriil oo ( wuxuu qayb ka mid ah kooxda ciyaarta xeegada jaamacaddii uu ahaa inta lagu jiro iyo u hawaystay noqon ciyaaryahan xeegada xirfadeed ka hor inta uu ku xanuunsaday dhaawac dhabarka ah ) , wuxuu dareemay ciyaaro mar kale waqti dheer ka dib wuxuu ahaa " mid aad u adag oo kala duwan " . Khan jeexjeexay muruqa ah saddex maalmood ka hor Cabdijibriil oo ahaa in ka badan . [ 28 ] [ 107 ] [ 108 ] Chak De ! Hindiya wuxuu ahaa guul weyn oo muhiim ah oo ganacsi ee Hindiya iyo dibadda . [ 109 ] shaqeysato weyn INR 1,03 bilyan oo dunida oo dhan , [ 78 ] Rajeev Masand ka soo CNN - ibn qoray oo ku saabsan waxqabadkiisa , " wixii ugu horeysay tan iyo Swades time , Shah Rukh waxay kaalin iyada oo mid ka mid ah uu baahiyihii la mid ah , iyada oo aan wax ka mid ah adal uu astaanta sheyga . ilkahooda wuxuu India ee qaybta ka ah tababaraha goostay iyo yimaado ilaa leh sida waxqabadka a heer sare ah . Waxa uu rajo at times iyo xanaaqa at dadka kale , waxa uu kaftan ah waqtiyada , iyo xaggii dambe ee doonnida at dadka kale . Waxa uu ciyaaraa Kabir Khan sida dhabta ah insaanka ee jidhka - iyo - dhiig . " [ 110 ] Filmfare sidoo kale waxaa ka mid ahaa inuu qabadka ee 2010 arrinta of the " Top 80 jimcaha la sameeyay " . [ 9 ] Chak De ! Hindiya noqday filimka saddexaad ee ugu Idman of 2007 ee Hindiya iyo badisay Khan weli Award kale Filmfare for Best Actor . Isla sanadkaas , Khan jilay Farah Khan filimkiisa labaad , Om Shanti Om garab Deepika Padukone , Shreyas Talpade iyo Arjun Rampal . In melodrama dib-u- wayni waxay , Khan essayed doorka Om Prakash Makhija , artiste a yar laga soo 1970- kii waxaa la Madxweynaha sida xiddiga la odhan jiray Om Kapoor ee 2000 . Waxqabadkiisa oo guud ahaan si fiican helay by dhaleecayn ; " . [ T ] ayuu shirkada ganacsi iska leh Shah Rukh Khan , kuwaas oo ka dilaacay xerada comedy , riwaayadaha sare iyo ficil leh style si uu u saxiixo - lama filaan ah iyo intuitively waxgarad " Khalid Mohammed ka soo Hindustan Times ka qoray , [ 111 ] filimku wuxuu ku ah sawir sanadka ee ugu sareeya dhaqdhaqaaq Idman ee Hindiya iyo suuqa wadamada guud ee adduunka ka badan INR1.48 bilyan . [ 112 ] Om Shanti Om isaga magacaabista kale jilaaga xaflad Filmfare ku kasbaday , inkastoo uu ku guuleystay abaalmarinta for Chak De ! Hindiya . Sannadkii 2008 , Khan gacan saar la leeyihiin Aditya Chopra for markii saddexaad for riwaayado ka taataabtay doorashooyinkii ka , Rab Ne Bana Di Jodi , dhawaan ka soo horjeeda Anushka Sharma . Khan ciyaaray Surinder Sahni , nin xishood leh hooseeyo sharaftooda , kuwaas oo jacayl ah ee xaaskiisa shil ah ( Sharma ) , wuxuu sababaa isaga inuu kooxdaas ayaa bedali - amarnay in cod dheer iyo xiiso - jecel ee Raj . Filimku wuxuu ka helay reviews isku qasan ka soo filimada naqdiya , laakiin waxaa lagu dhawaaqay Saylac Lughaya a at the - xafiiska sanduuqa . [ 113 ] oo uu qabadka ahaa appreciated by dhaleecayn , iyo Raaxeel Saltz of The qoraal New York Times , " The door dual Surinder / Raj u muuqataa dawaarlaha - sameeyey ( malaha ahaa ) ee Mr Khan , kuwaas oo uu helo si ay u muujiyaan off talanti oo mataankiisii ​​: wuxuu nobly soo gaartaa iyo entertains leh panache " [ 114 ] Waxaa isaga weli magacaabista kale jilaaga xaflad Filmfare ku kasbaday . . Bishii December ee isla sannadkaas , Khan dhaawac ah garabka halis ah halka Afgooye door Weah Deshpande ee Dulha mil Gaya ah . Wuxu la Hon fadhiyada daaweynta dabiiciga ah ballaaran waqtiga , laakiin sabab u ah xanuun aad u weyn in isaga dhawaad ​​jidkan qarqoora ee tagay , wuxuu lahaa maro qalliin soo hooyeen tartankii ah bishii Febraayo 2009 . [ 115 ] [ 116 ] Ka dib markii uu hoos fursad lagu star ee Danny Boyle ee Oscar badisay mMaraykanka Qaramada soo jeestay , Khan bilaabay rasaas ku for My Name Ma Khan , isaga oo wada shaqeyn afaraad agaasimaha , Johar iyo lixaad leh jilaa , Kajol . [ 117 ] [ 118 ] ku salaysan sheeko run ah , iyo dhigay hortegi lahaa ee fahamka on Islam , boostada 11 September weeraro , filimka featured Khan sida Rizwan Khan , nin Muslim dhibaato ka soo khafiif ah - Asperger syndrome , kuwaas oo sharxaya on safarka ah qaarada Ameerika si ay ula kulmaan Madaxweyne ee dalka . Khan bixisay dhowr bilood ka baarto by akhrinta buugaagta , daawashada cajaladaha iyo hadalka dadka ay saameeyeen leh cudurka dadaalo in ay sawir qof ee Rizwan Khan . [ 119 ] Waraysi uu la yeeshay Hindustan Times ayuu yiri , " Mar kasta oo aad kula a qabashada disorder ama xaalad dhow bogageeda , siday maleeyeen kuwii ugu horeeyay ee waa in nooca argument aad leedahay si ay dhigay in jirin habka aad tahay yaraysto ama waad quudhsataa cudurka . Qaybta labaad waxa loo aad qabto in ay yimaadaan sida u dhow xaqiiqda ee hunuuda ah dabeecad iyo sidaas darteed hal lahaa inaad barato wax badan oo ka mid ah ma heli walwalsan tahay " [ 120 ] Marka uu sii daayo , My Name waa Khan reviews wanaagsan ka heshay dhaleecayn iyo ku noqday ugu sareeya Idman Bollywood ee dhan - time suuqa dibada . Khan waxqabadka filimka ahaa appreciated by dhaleecayn ugu with Jay Wesissberg kala duwan ka dib u eegidda , " Khan wuxuu isticmaalaa mannerisms la xiriira Asperger ee - indhaha oo Ciuddii , tallaabooyinka springy , stuttered ku celcelinina qoraalo xafideen - weli qabsatay Shaqsiyadda xaaladda in waxqabadka standout la hubo ay dureeri si aad u hesho shaabad oo dahab ah Society Autism ku ansixiyo . " [ 121 ] My Name waa Khan kexeeyeen Khan uu Filmfare Award siddeedaad Best Actor , kortaan xagga diiwaanka jilaaga Dilip Kumar la wadaago . = 7.'''2011 - jooga : ee kale Continuing''' = Khan leh co- stars Kareena Kapoor iyo Arjun Rampal inta lagu guda jiro Ciyaar of Ra.One ee London Sannadkii 2011 , Khan soo saaray iyo jilay Anubhav Sinha ee Jaamac Maxamuud qabta Ra.One , garab Arjun Rampal iyo Kareena Kapoor . Filimku wuxuu , taasoo socota sheekada naqshadeeye a London -based videogame kuwa abuurtaa gool kulaad ah in baxsado dunida ku ambadeen dunida dhabta ah gelin , oo ahaa dallici sida wax soo saarka ugu qaalisan Bollywood ee leh miisaaniyad lagu qiyaasay INR125 crore (US $ 20 million ) [ 122 ] [ 123 ] Khan ku lug dhinacyo dhawr ah qaadasho ee Ra . Mid ka mid ah - ayuu si iskeed ah u qori script ciyaarta Console filimka ee , ku duuban waxaa loogu talagalay , garaysan horumarinteeda farsamo; . Ayuu sidoo kale qoray kartoonka digital ku salaysan characters filimka ayaa [ 124 ] [ 125 ] Marka uu sii daayo , Ra.One ah sanduuq guul xafiiska , oo leh guud oo ah INR 2.4 bilyan . [ 126 ] [ 127 ] iyo reviews helay isku dhafan . Waayo, wixii qadaf ah ee door laabaad ee filimka , Khan helay comments isku dhafan ; halka dhaleecayn ugu amaanay waxqabadkiisa sida qabta ee joofane G.One , waxay panned ah mid ka mid ah Shekhar , naqshadeeye videogame ah . Rajeev Masand qoray : " The waxqabadka standout dhabta ah oo kaliya waa by Shah Rukh Khan uu Aiyyo ku hadla Shekhar Subramaniam waa caricaturish laakiin jiidasho , halka sida G.One , wuxuu ku siinayaa xataa inuu joofane qof video - kulanka gees ah ku yimiday . . " iyo DNA India ku daray: " Khan waa in uu curiye iyo dhaqan dooriska sida qabta G.One , laakiin annoyingly weyn sare ee abuuraha ciyaarta video Shekhar " [ 128 ] [ 129 ] . Deyntiisa labaad ee sanadka ahayd Don 2 , tahayna in la 2006 hit the , Don . [ 130 ] In si ay isugu diyaariyaan uu door , Khan oo marar badan jimicsi sameyn iyo sameeyaa inta badan ka baqda isaga qudhiisa . [ 131 ] oo uu waxqabadka isaga comments wanaagsan kexeeyeen laga bilaabo dhaleecayn leh Nikhat Kazmi of The Times of India oo ogaaney , " Shah Rukh ayaa weli ah ee amarka iyo marnaba lumiyo uu raadkoodu , ma iyada oo isku xigxigta riwaayado midna jeexan tallaabada . " [ 132 ] filimka waxa uu ahaa guul weyn ka Hindiya iyo waxa u galay on si ay u noqdaan ugu sareeya Idman wax soo saarka dibadda Bollywood sanadka ee leh guud ee adduunka ee ka badan INR 2,06 bilyan oo . [ 133 ] [ 134 ] Don 2 ahaa muujinayeen at 62aad Berlin International Film Festival [ 135 ] iyo weheliyaan Don at 2012 Caalamiga Film Festival of Marrakech ee Marooko . [ 136 ] Intaa waxaa dheer , waxaa isaga magacaabista kale jilaaga xaflad Filmfare ku kasbaday . [ 137 ] Khan sii daayo kaliya ee 2012 wuxuu ahaa Yash Chopra ee riwaayadaha ka taataabtay doorashooyinkii la soo dhaafay Jab Tak Hai Jaan , ka soo horjeedka Katrina Kaif iyo Anushka Sharma . [ 138 ] Waxaa ugu adeegay sidii ay iskaashanayaan afraad ee u dhexeeya Chopra iyo Khan , [ 138 ] ku soo noqonaya sida uu agaasime ka ahaa siddeed sannadood, ka dib markii post hore Veer - Zaara , kaas oo la sii daayay sanadkii 2004 [ 138 ] iyo ugu danbeyn noqon lahaa la soo dhaafay hawgal directorial Chopra ayaa ka hor dhimashaddiisii ​​on 21 October 2012 . [ 139 ] Filimku wuxuu ka soo dhaleecayn ee Hindiya iyo reviews wanaagsan ka helay wanaagsan in ay dib u eegista isku qasan ka soo dhaleecayn dibada . Jab Tak Hai Jaan on galay inuu noqdo mid ka mid ah ugu sareeya Idman filimada Bollywood ee waqtiga oo dhan labadaba Hindiya iyo abread iyo dhawaaqey a " Saylac Lughaya adduunka " oo leh dakhli ka badan INR 2.11 billion . [ 140 ] [ 141 ] Filimku wuxuu ahaa muujinayeen at the 2012 International Film Festival of Marrakech ee Marooko . [ 136 ] Waayo, waxqabadkiisa filimka , Khan ayaa loo magacaabay for Filmfare Award a jilaaga . Bishii Agoosto 2013 , Khan soo saaray iyo muuqday Rohit Shetty ayaa tallaabo comedy Chennai Express ee hoos shirkaddiisa Red karri Entertainment . In kasta oo kasbanayaan jawaab muhiim ah oo isku dhafan , filimka jebiyey aqlabiyadda ah ee diiwaanka xafiiska sanduuqa filimada Hindi ee Hindiya iyo dibadda iyo noqday filimkii ugu dhakhsaha badan u geli jeelka Bollywood 100 crore Club . [ 142 ] [ 143 ] Filimka on galay inuu jebiso rikoor of 3 Jeesteeye sidaas noqoto ugu sareeya Idman Bollywood ee waqtiga oo dhan iyo dhawaaqey Saylac Lughaya a ee Hindiya by Box Office Hindiya . [ 144 ] [ 145 ] Waxaa ugu dambaynta saamayn ku dhawaad ​​INR4 bilyan (US $ 64 million ) ee iibka tigidhada adduunka iyo waa agaasimaha hadda ugu sareeya Idman Bollywood film labaad ee adduunka . [ 146 ] Khan waa la Afgooye for Farah Khan ensemble comedy Sannadka Cusub Happy kaas la Deepika Padukone , Abhishek Bachchan iyo Bipasha isaga garab . [ 147 ] Waxa uu sidoo kale dhawaan la saxiixay Rahul Dholakia ee soo socota filim la yiraahdo Raees , iyo in la soo saaro doonaa by Excel Entertainment . [ 148 ] [[File:SRK TagH.jpg|thumb|285x285px]] [[Category:Hindiya]] [[Category:Gumud]] c5clpobtz3blg82iucqmiksiyi62vqc Isuduwaha Waqtiga Caalamiga 0 10877 239728 191009 2022-08-09T13:16:59Z EnsiklopediaXylon 31252 wikitext text/x-wiki {{...}} {{selfref|''Kani waa maqaal ku saabsan Isuduwaha Wakhtiga Caalamiga ah. Boga [[UTC]] waxaa laga soo toosiyay halkan.''}} [[File:World Time Zones Map.png|thumb|maabka gobolada isku wakhtiga ah]] '''Isuduwaha Waqtiga Caalamiga''', '''UTC''' ([[Talyaani|Af-Talyaani]]: Tempo coordinato universale, [[Ingiriis|Af-Ingriis]]: Coordinated Universal Time) waa halbeegga ugu sareeya ee lagu cabiro deegaanada wadaaga [[saacad]]a. sidoo kale waxaa loo yaqaan waqtiga madaniga ama rayadka UTC. =Tix= [[Category:Wakhti]] t8bbyjlpq8b1ftvhzjz1p20d941syh2 Habka Samayska Cuntada 0 12645 239727 238696 2022-08-09T13:11:36Z EnsiklopediaXylon 31252 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Photosynthesis.gif|thumb|Geedku wuxuu u baahan yahay [[ileys]], [[biyo]] iyo [[hawo]] si uu u samaysto cunto asagoo isticmaalaya [[Habka Samayska Cuntada]].]] '''Habka Samayska Cuntada''' (Qaamuuska Af-Soomaaliga 2012: Footoosintasis; [[Ingiriis]]: Photosynthesis) [[Dhir]]tu waa noolaha kali ah ee [[cunto|cuntadiisa]] diyaarsada ayagoo isticmaalaya nidaam loo yaqaano [[Habka Samayska Cuntada]]. [[Geed]]ku wuxuu u baahan yahay [[ileys]] - inta badan ileyska dabiiciga ah ee [[qorax]]da, [[biyo]] ay [[xidid]]adu ka soo nuugaan dhulka iyo [[hawo]] - gaar ahaan [[Kaarboon|kaarboon-labo-ogsaydh]] (C<sub>2</sub>O) si uu u samaysto cunto asagoo isticmaalaya [[Habka Samayska Cuntada|Habka Samayska]] cuntooyinka Inta u badan dhirta, habka samayska cuntada ee geedku wuxuu ka dhex dhacaa [[caleen|caleemaha]] iyo [[laan|laamaha]] geedka, halkaas oo [[biyo|biyaha]], awooda [[ileys]]ka iyo [[kaarboon|kaarboon-labo-ogsaydh]]ku ku [[falgal]]aan. [[Isku dhis]]ka halkaas ka dhaca waxaa ka soo baxa [[Ogsajiin]] caleemuhu [[cir]]ka ku sii daayaan. Taasi oo ah faa'iidada koowaad ee dhirtu u leedahay deegaanka dhulka. [[File:Simple_photosynthesis_overview.svg|thumb|Habka Samaynta Cuntada ee geedka. Dhirtu waa isha koowaad ee [[Ogsajiin]]ta ku darta [[dhul]]ka.]] Qaacidada [[Habka Samayska Cuntada]] ee dhirtu waa sidan: 2n CO<sub>2</sub> + 2n DH<sub>2</sub> + Ileyska Qoraxda → 2(CH<sub>2</sub>O)n + 2n DO Kaarboon-labo-ogsaydh + deeq elektaron + awooda iftiinka → Kaarbohaydarate + deeq elektaron ogsajiin Habkan cunto samayska dhirtu wuxuu dhacaa [[wakhti]]ga [[maalin]]tii sababtoo ah [[ileys|iftiinka]] falaadhaha [[qorax]]da waa lagama maarmaan. Sidoo kale, habkani waxaa lagu sameeyn karaa nidaam loo yaqaano ''greenhouse'' oo iftiin fiican siin kara geedka. Habka samayska cuntada dhirta waa deeqaha koowaad ee [[Ogsajiin]]ta ku dara [[hawo]]da. Markasta oo geedku cunto sameeysto ogsajiin ayuu sii daayaa, taasi oo [[dad]]ka iyo [[xayawaan]]ka kale [[neefsi|neefsadaan]]. =Tixraacyada= * [https://www.jw.org/so/wargeysyada/majallado/munaaradda-waardiyaha-Lam3-2020-sebtembar-oktoobar/abuureheenna-wuu-ina-daneeyaa/ Qorraxdu waxay geedaha siisaa awoodda ay ku soo saaraan caleemo, ubax, khudaar, midho iyo abuur…] * [https://www.jw.org/en/library/books/Life-How-Did-it-Get-Here-By-Evolution-or-by-Creation/Could-Life-Originate-by-Chance/#p32 Amazing Photosynthesis] {{Gumud}} [[Category:Geedaha]] [[Category:Saynis]] [[Category:Dhir]] [[Category:Qeybaha Geedka]] [[Category:Noole]] [[Category:Juquraafi]] [[Category:Kheyraadka Dabiiciga]] [[Category:Dhul]] d1n6dfs6led9rahblfm1enfhvfp3lqj Gobolada Isku Tegay ee Ameerika 0 17115 239737 239616 2022-08-09T17:24:30Z 65.95.40.79 /* Daadka deggan Maraykanka */ wikitext text/x-wiki {{coord|40|43|N|74|00|W|display=title}} {{Dalalka |native_name = Gobolada Midoobay ee Mareykanka |conventional_long_name = ''United States of America'' |common_name = Mareykan |qaarada = [[Ameerika]] |sawir_calan = Flag of the United States.svg |sawir_qaran = US-GreatSeal-Obverse.svg |image_map = United States (orthographic projection).svg |caasimada = [[Washington]] |luuqadaha = [[Ingiriis]] |Dawladda = &nbsp; |darajo_hogaamiye1 = [[Madaxweyne]] |darajo_hogaamiye2 = [[madaxweyne ku xigeen]] |magac_hogaamiye1 = [[Joe Biden]] |magac_hogaamiye2 = [[Kamala Harris]] |sovereignty_type = |sovereignty_note = |established_event1 = |established_date1 = |Gdp: = 20.998 Trilliyan Dollarka |bed = 9,826,675 km<sup>2 |areami² = 3,794,101 sq mi |biyo = 6.76 |population_estimate = 335,075,000 + |population_estimate_year = 2021 |lacagta = [[Dollar]] 22.99 Trillion Dollar |wakhti = [[Coordinated Universal Time|UTC]] |furaha_wadanka lagu galo = 1 |footnote1 = |footnote2 = }} '''Gobolada Midoobay ee Mareykanka, GMM,''' loosoo gaabiyo '''Mareykanka''' ([[Af-Ingiriisi]]: United States of America, USA; [[carabi]]: الولايات المتحدة) waa dawlad Federaal Dastuuri ah dhacdana bartamaha [[Waqooyiga Ameerika]]. Waxay ka koobantahay 49 gobol iyo [[Washington D.C|Degmada Kolombia]], (D.C. ama "District of Colombia"), oo ah magaalo-madaxda wadanka iyo xarunta dowlada wadanka. Waxaa ka xiga dhanka waqooyi [[Kanada]], koofur [[Meksiko]], iyo Gobolka Alaska oo dhaca Waqooyi Galbeed Qaarada '''[[Ameerika]]'''. Masaaxada (badka) wadanka Mareekanka waa 9.83 milyan km<sup>2</sup>, tirada dadkane waa 309 milyan Dawlada Mareykanka n xaga dhulka ama badka wadanka ku fadhiyo, waana dawlada seddexaad ee ugu dad badan aduunka, dad degen dalka mareykanka waxee gaarayaan ilaa 310 miliyan oo qof. Sidoo kale waa wadanka koowaad oo ay ku noolyihiin dad kala dhaqan iyo kala asal ah. Dhaqaalaha Mareykanka waa kan ugu balaaran dunida, ayadoo lagu qiyaasay sanadii 2018 aduun dhan '''[[lacag|12.5 tiriliyan]]''' oo [[Dollar]]ka [[Mareykanka]] wax soo saarka wadanka ee dabada loo iib geeyo. [[File:LosAngeles06.jpg|thumb|right|195px|]]<Br/>[[File:Amazon logo.svg|thumb|right|196px|]]<Br/>[[File:Pacific_Bell_logo.svg|thumb|right|204px|]] Wadanka Mareykanka wuxuu xonimadiisa ka helay gumeestihii [[Ingriiska|Boqortooyadii Ingiriiska]] sanadka marka oo ahaa 1776ii, wakhtigaasi oo Mareykanku ka koobnaa 13gabol oo ku yaalay dhinaca bariga ee dalkaas. Wadanka waxoo balaaraday bilaawgii 1800meeyadii, waxoona gobolo ka qabsaday wadamada [[Faransiiska]], [[Spania|Isbaanishka]], [[Ingriiska]], [[Maksiko]], iyo Ruushka, waxoona ku sii darsaday labada gobol oo markaas ahaa jamhuuriyado, [[Teksas]] iyo jasiirada [[Hawaay]]. Khilaafkii ka dhashtay Gobolada Koonfurta iyo woqooyiga oo markaas ku murmaayay xukunka gobolada iyo dhinaca adoomada waxoo sababay dagaalkii sokeeyay oo dhacay sanadka marka oo ahaa 1860meeyadii. Gobolada woqooyiga ayaa ku guuleestay in ee wadanka mideeyaan isla markaaas neh oo joogsaday adoonsiga. [[Dagaalkii mareykanka iyo spania]] iyo dagaalkii aduunka kii labaad, militariga mareykanka waxaa lagu gartay in oo yahay kan ugu awooda badan aduunka.dhamaadkii Dagaalkii aduunka kii 2aadm, waxoo wadanka mareykanka ahaa wadanka kaliya oo watay bombada halista ah ee looyaqaan atombomb.Marka ee dhacday xukunkii soviet union 1991kii , wadanka mareykanka waxoo ku soo baxay wadanka kaliya oo ugu awooda ween aduunka. ==Boqolkiiba IMF== ===15%=== ==Xubin== * [[IADB]] * * [[NATO]] * * [[OECD]] * * [[ICSID]] * * [[Bankiga Aduunka]] * * * [[Kooxda Labaatanka]] * * * * [[Qaramada Midoobay]] * * * ==Dagaalkii Sokeeyay ee Mareykanka == Bartamihii Qarniga sagaal iyo tobnaad ayaa waxaa ka dhex qarxay dagaal Sokeeye oo ka dhaxeeye gobolada Mareykanka, Halkaas oo Kow iyo toban(11) Gobol oo hogaaminaayay Jefrison Deevis sheegteen in ay ka go'ayaan gobolada kale ee mareekanka. Waxeyna aasaasteen Gobolada Konfodaraaliga ee Mareykanka, Sidoo kale waxey ku dhawaaqeyn dagaal ka dhan Mareykanka. Xilligii doorashada guud ee Madaxtinimada Mareykanka sanadku markuu ahaay 1860 ayaa [[Xizbiga Jamhuuriga]] olole ka dhan ah bilaabay balaarinta adoonsiga meel ka baxsan Mareykanka. Arinkaas oo keentay in ay ku guuleeystaan Xizbiga Jamhuuriga doorashada. [[File:Kellogg's-Logo.svg|thumb|right|193px|]] Madaxweynihii ku guuleystay xilligaas [[Abraham Linkolon]] intuusan fariisan xafiiska 4 tii maarso 1861 ayaa todobo gobol iclaamiyeyn in ay ka go'ayaan mareynka taas oo ay kasoo horjeesteen maamulkii markaas jiray iyo kii hore waxeyna u arkeen fal jabhadnimo. waxaana bilawday dagaalkii 12 Abriil 1861 kadib markii ay weerar kusoo qaadeen xoogagii Konfadaraaliga ahaay Fariisin Ciidan oo ay laheyd Mareykanka ooo lagu magacaabi jiray Foorto Somatir ee ku taalay gobolka [[koraliina]] koonfurtiisa, Ayadoo arinkaas laga jawaabayo ayuu madaxweyne Linkolon ku baaqay in la sameeyo ciidan mutadawac ah gobol kasta, taas oo keentay in afar gobol kale ay ayagane sheegtaan gooni istaag. Labadii dhinac waxoo mid kastaba u diyaar garoway dagaal halkaas oo qabsaday mareykanka gobolada xadka kuyaal waxoona xayiraad saaray dhinaca bada Sebtember 1962, Linkolon waxuu ku baaqay in la xarooyo dhamaan dadkii la adoonsanayay kaas oo soo gabagabeeyay dagaalkii adoonsiga ee qeybta koonfurta. Sidoo kale hogaamiyihii konfadaraaliga Roberto Ii Lii waxow awood u yeeshay inuu guulo ka keeno dagaalo ka dhacay dhinaca Bariga, Laakin sanadii 1863 uma aysan suura galin inuu kusii socda dhankii waqooyiga kadib dagaaalkii Jitesbergi. dhankale Mareykankagdhhggdh waxey ku siqeyn dhanka galbeedka ayagoo qabsaday wabiga Missisibi kadib dagaalkii Fikesberg.[[File:Indianapolis-1872528.jpg|thumb|right|195px|]]<Br/>[[File:McDonald's_logo.svg|thumb|right|194px|{{Flag|United States}}]] ===Naatiijadii Dagaalkii sokeeye=== Dhamaan dadkii adoomada ahaay oo ay heesteen goboladii konfidereytka waa la xarooyay ayadoo ay ku guuleysteyn kuwii kasoo horjeeday goooni ugoosadka konfidereytka sanadii 1865 dagaalka waxuu dhib dhaliyay 1 milyan oo dhibane (3% dadka mareykanka) taas oo ay ku jirtay 620,000 oo dhimashada askarta ah. Ayadoo 4 Milyan oo dad madow la adoonsado la xoreeyay. ==Juquraafi== Wadanka mareykanka waa wadanka 3aad oo ugu weyn aduunka, waxoo ku xigaa [[Ruushka]] iyo [[Kanada]]. wadanka mareykanka waxoo xuduudka ugu dheer la leeyahay Dalka Kanada oo ka xiga dhinaca woqooyiga, waxaa ku xiga [[Meksiko]] oo ka xigta Koonfurta. Dhinaca bariga waxaa kaga dhegen [[Badweynta Atlaantik]] dhinaca Galbeedka neh [[Badweynta Baasifik]].Wadanka [[Mareykanka]] waxa uu leeyahay muuqaalo dabiici ah sida: buuro, geedo iyo saxaro kuwaasoo dhaca koonfur galbeed. [[File:Green_Line_trains_on_both_tracks.jpg|thumb|right|198px|Metroka minnesota USA]] ==Jawiga== Maadaama oo wadanka weyn yahay, wadanka mareykanka waxoo leeyahay jawi aad u kala duwan. Dhinaca woqooyiga mareykanka waxoo leeyahy xiliyo isbedel ah oo hawo qaboow iyo baraf oo kadhaco, Koonfurta wadanka waa kuleel oo qorax joogta ah.wadanka maraykanku waxa uu leeyahay jawiyo kalagadisan. taas macnaheedu waxa weeyaaan hadaad ka tagto gobol cimiladiisu kulushahay waxa laga yaabaa inaad gasho mid ku jirra qabaw. ==Daadka deggan Maraykanka== * {{Flag|United States}} 350,195,000+ [<Ref>https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/d/Democracy.htm</ref>]. * {{Flag|Brazil}} 130,000+ * {{Flag|Bangladesh}} 153,000+ * {{Flag|Arab League}} 1,559,000+[<ref>https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/a/Arabic_language.htm</ref>]. * {{Flag|Pakistan}} 152,000+ * {{Flag|Nigeria}} 250,000+ *{{Flag|Ethiopia}} 135,000 [<ref>https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/d/Democracy.htm</ref>]. * {{Flag|Great Britain}} 195,000+ * {{Flag|Australia}} 120,000+ * {{Flag|Canada}} 125,000+ * 🇪🇺'''Europeans''': 1,388,900++[<ref>https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/e/European_Union.htm</ref>]. * {{Flag|Mexico}} 600,000+ * {{Flag|Japan}} 120,500+ * {{Flag|South Korea}} 120,000+ * {{Flag|China}} PR 510,000+++[<ref>https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/p/People%2527s_Republic_of_China.htm</ref>]. [<Ref>https://www.aaiusa.org/demographics</Ref>]. ==Beeraha iyo xayawaanaadka== Wadanka mareykanka waxoo leeyahay geedo iyo beero kala duwan oo 17000 ka badan oo wadanka mareykanka u gaar ah. Wadanka mareykanka waxoo leeyahay meelo badan oo xayawaanaadka lagu xanaaneeyo. Meesha ugu horeysay aduunka oo Xayawaanaadka lagu xanaaneeyo waxee eheed [[Xanaanada Xayawaanaadka|Yellowstone]], waxaa la sameeyay 1872dii, markaas kadib wadanka mareykanka waxaa laga sameeyay 57 meel oo xayawaanaadka lagu xanaaneeyo. ===Taariikh kooban=== Wadanka Mareykanka wuxuu leeyahay magaalooyin waaweyn waxaana kamid ah magaalooyonkaas New York, Los Angels iyo Las Vegas. Caasimada wadanka waa Washington. Mareykanka waa wadan aad uweyn waan wadanka sadaxaad ee ugu weyn caalamka. Madaxweynaha Mareykanka waa Joe Biden. ===Diinta=== Mareykanka(USA) wuxuu leeyahay diimo aad ufaro badan waxaana ugu badan dadka heesto diinta Karishtaanka waxaana qaar ey heestaan diimaha kale sida Yahuuda ayaa labeeso Karishtaanka wexeyna sidoo kale heestaan Islaamka, Hinduuga iyo Buudhistaha. ==Sido kale fiiri== *[[Canada]] *[[Mexico]] {{Dalalka Woqooyiga Ameerika‎}} {{stub}} iwvb9onk11iu0t3jzpcrh6p1fx1x97p 239738 239737 2022-08-09T17:40:00Z 65.95.40.79 wikitext text/x-wiki {{coord|40|43|N|74|00|W|display=title}} {{Dalalka |native_name = Gobolada Midoobay ee Mareykanka |conventional_long_name = ''United States of America'' |common_name = Mareykan |qaarada = [[Ameerika]] |sawir_calan = Flag of the United States.svg |sawir_qaran = US-GreatSeal-Obverse.svg |image_map = United States (orthographic projection).svg |caasimada = [[Washington]] |luuqadaha = [[Ingiriis]] |Dawladda = &nbsp; |darajo_hogaamiye1 = [[Madaxweyne]] |darajo_hogaamiye2 = [[madaxweyne ku xigeen]] |magac_hogaamiye1 = [[Joe Biden]] |magac_hogaamiye2 = [[Kamala Harris]] |sovereignty_type = |sovereignty_note = |established_event1 = |established_date1 = |Gdp: = 20.998 Trilliyan Dollarka |bed = 9,826,675 km<sup>2 |areami² = 3,794,101 sq mi |biyo = 6.76 |population_estimate = 335,075,000 + |population_estimate_year = 2021 |lacagta = [[Dollar]] 22.99 Trillion Dollar |wakhti = [[Coordinated Universal Time|UTC]] |furaha_wadanka lagu galo = 1 |footnote1 = |footnote2 = }} '''Gobolada Midoobay ee Mareykanka, GMM,''' loosoo gaabiyo '''Mareykanka''' ([[Af-Ingiriisi]]: United States of America, USA; [[carabi]]: الولايات المتحدة) waa dawlad Federaal Dastuuri ah dhacdana bartamaha [[Waqooyiga Ameerika]]. Waxay ka koobantahay 49 gobol iyo [[Washington D.C|Degmada Kolombia]], (D.C. ama "District of Colombia"), oo ah magaalo-madaxda wadanka iyo xarunta dowlada wadanka. Waxaa ka xiga dhanka waqooyi [[Kanada]], koofur [[Meksiko]], iyo Gobolka Alaska oo dhaca Waqooyi Galbeed Qaarada '''[[Ameerika]]'''. Masaaxada (badka) wadanka Mareekanka waa 9.83 milyan km<sup>2</sup>, tirada dadkane waa 309 milyan Dawlada Mareykanka n xaga dhulka ama badka wadanka ku fadhiyo, waana dawlada seddexaad ee ugu dad badan aduunka, dad degen dalka mareykanka waxee gaarayaan ilaa 310 miliyan oo qof. Sidoo kale waa wadanka koowaad oo ay ku noolyihiin dad kala dhaqan iyo kala asal ah. Dhaqaalaha Mareykanka waa kan ugu balaaran dunida, ayadoo lagu qiyaasay sanadii 2018 aduun dhan '''[[lacag|12.5 tiriliyan]]''' oo [[Dollar]]ka [[Mareykanka]] wax soo saarka wadanka ee dabada loo iib geeyo. [[File:LosAngeles06.jpg|thumb|right|195px|]]<Br/>[[File:Amazon logo.svg|thumb|right|196px|]]. Wadanka Mareykanka wuxuu xonimadiisa ka helay gumeestihii [[Ingriiska|Boqortooyadii Ingiriiska]] sanadka marka oo ahaa 1776ii, wakhtigaasi oo Mareykanku ka koobnaa 13gabol oo ku yaalay dhinaca bariga ee dalkaas. Wadanka waxoo balaaraday bilaawgii 1800meeyadii, waxoona gobolo ka qabsaday wadamada [[Faransiiska]], [[Spania|Isbaanishka]], [[Ingriiska]], [[Maksiko]], iyo Ruushka, waxoona ku sii darsaday labada gobol oo markaas ahaa jamhuuriyado, [[Teksas]] iyo jasiirada [[Hawaay]]. Khilaafkii ka dhashtay Gobolada Koonfurta iyo woqooyiga oo markaas ku murmaayay xukunka gobolada iyo dhinaca adoomada waxoo sababay dagaalkii sokeeyay oo dhacay sanadka marka oo ahaa 1860meeyadii. Gobolada woqooyiga ayaa ku guuleestay in ee wadanka mideeyaan isla markaaas neh oo joogsaday adoonsiga. [[Dagaalkii mareykanka iyo spania]] iyo dagaalkii aduunka kii labaad, militariga mareykanka waxaa lagu gartay in oo yahay kan ugu awooda badan aduunka.dhamaadkii Dagaalkii aduunka kii 2aadm, waxoo wadanka mareykanka ahaa wadanka kaliya oo watay bombada halista ah ee looyaqaan atombomb.Marka ee dhacday xukunkii soviet union 1991kii , wadanka mareykanka waxoo ku soo baxay wadanka kaliya oo ugu awooda ween aduunka. [[File:Pacific_Bell_logo.svg|thumb|right|201px|]] ==Boqolkiiba IMF== ===15%=== ==Xubin== * [[IADB]] * * [[NATO]] * * [[OECD]] * * [[ICSID]] * * [[Bankiga Aduunka]] * * * [[Kooxda Labaatanka]] * * * * [[Qaramada Midoobay]] * * * ==Dagaalkii Sokeeyay ee Mareykanka == Bartamihii Qarniga sagaal iyo tobnaad ayaa waxaa ka dhex qarxay dagaal Sokeeye oo ka dhaxeeye gobolada Mareykanka, Halkaas oo Kow iyo toban(11) Gobol oo hogaaminaayay Jefrison Deevis sheegteen in ay ka go'ayaan gobolada kale ee mareekanka. Waxeyna aasaasteen Gobolada Konfodaraaliga ee Mareykanka, Sidoo kale waxey ku dhawaaqeyn dagaal ka dhan Mareykanka. Xilligii doorashada guud ee Madaxtinimada Mareykanka sanadku markuu ahaay 1860 ayaa [[Xizbiga Jamhuuriga]] olole ka dhan ah bilaabay balaarinta adoonsiga meel ka baxsan Mareykanka. Arinkaas oo keentay in ay ku guuleeystaan Xizbiga Jamhuuriga doorashada. Madaxweynihii ku guuleystay xilligaas [[Abraham Linkolon]] intuusan fariisan xafiiska 4 tii maarso 1861 ayaa todobo gobol iclaamiyeyn in ay ka go'ayaan mareynka taas oo ay kasoo horjeesteen maamulkii markaas jiray iyo kii hore waxeyna u arkeen fal jabhadnimo. waxaana bilawday dagaalkii 12 Abriil 1861 kadib markii ay weerar kusoo qaadeen xoogagii Konfadaraaliga ahaay Fariisin Ciidan oo ay laheyd Mareykanka ooo lagu magacaabi jiray Foorto Somatir ee ku taalay gobolka [[koraliina]] koonfurtiisa, Ayadoo arinkaas laga jawaabayo ayuu madaxweyne Linkolon ku baaqay in la sameeyo ciidan mutadawac ah gobol kasta, taas oo keentay in afar gobol kale ay ayagane sheegtaan gooni istaag. Labadii dhinac waxoo mid kastaba u diyaar garoway dagaal halkaas oo qabsaday mareykanka gobolada xadka kuyaal waxoona xayiraad saaray dhinaca bada Sebtember 1962, Linkolon waxuu ku baaqay in la xarooyo dhamaan dadkii la adoonsanayay kaas oo soo gabagabeeyay dagaalkii adoonsiga ee qeybta koonfurta.[[File:Kellogg's-Logo.svg|thumb|right|193px|]] Sidoo kale hogaamiyihii konfadaraaliga Roberto Ii Lii waxow awood u yeeshay inuu guulo ka keeno dagaalo ka dhacay dhinaca Bariga, Laakin sanadii 1863 uma aysan suura galin inuu kusii socda dhankii waqooyiga kadib dagaaalkii Jitesbergi. dhankale Mareykankagdhhggdh waxey ku siqeyn dhanka galbeedka ayagoo qabsaday wabiga Missisibi kadib dagaalkii Fikesberg.[[File:Indianapolis-1872528.jpg|thumb|right|195px|]]<Br/>[[File:McDonald's_logo.svg|thumb|right|194px|{{Flag|USA}}]]<Br/>[[File:Walmart logo.svg|thumb|tight|195px|]] ===Naatiijadii Dagaalkii sokeeye=== Dhamaan dadkii adoomada ahaay oo ay heesteen goboladii konfidereytka waa la xarooyay ayadoo ay ku guuleysteyn kuwii kasoo horjeeday goooni ugoosadka konfidereytka sanadii 1865 dagaalka waxuu dhib dhaliyay 1 milyan oo dhibane (3% dadka mareykanka) taas oo ay ku jirtay 620,000 oo dhimashada askarta ah. Ayadoo 4 Milyan oo dad madow la adoonsado la xoreeyay. ==Juquraafi== Wadanka mareykanka waa wadanka 3aad oo ugu weyn aduunka, waxoo ku xigaa [[Ruushka]] iyo [[Kanada]]. wadanka mareykanka waxoo xuduudka ugu dheer la leeyahay Dalka Kanada oo ka xiga dhinaca woqooyiga, waxaa ku xiga [[Meksiko]] oo ka xigta Koonfurta. Dhinaca bariga waxaa kaga dhegen [[Badweynta Atlaantik]] dhinaca Galbeedka neh [[Badweynta Baasifik]].Wadanka [[Mareykanka]] waxa uu leeyahay muuqaalo dabiici ah sida: buuro, geedo iyo saxaro kuwaasoo dhaca koonfur galbeed. [[File:Green_Line_trains_on_both_tracks.jpg|thumb|right|198px|Metroka minnesota USA]] ==Jawiga== Maadaama oo wadanka weyn yahay, wadanka mareykanka waxoo leeyahay jawi aad u kala duwan. Dhinaca woqooyiga mareykanka waxoo leeyahy xiliyo isbedel ah oo hawo qaboow iyo baraf oo kadhaco, Koonfurta wadanka waa kuleel oo qorax joogta ah.wadanka maraykanku waxa uu leeyahay jawiyo kalagadisan. taas macnaheedu waxa weeyaaan hadaad ka tagto gobol cimiladiisu kulushahay waxa laga yaabaa inaad gasho mid ku jirra qabaw. ==Waddanamha Deggan Maraykanka== * {{Flag|United States}} 350,195,000+ [<Ref>https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/d/Democracy.htm</ref>]. * {{Flag|Brazil}} 130,000+ * {{Flag|Bangladesh}} 153,000+ * {{Flag|Arab League}} 1,559,000+[<ref>https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/a/Arabic_language.htm</ref>]. * {{Flag|Pakistan}} 152,000+ * {{Flag|Nigeria}} 250,000+ *{{Flag|Ethiopia}} 135,000 [<ref>https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/d/Democracy.htm</ref>]. * {{Flag|Great Britain}} 195,000+ * {{Flag|Australia}} 120,000+ * {{Flag|Canada}} 125,000+ * 🇪🇺'''Europeans''': 1,355,350++[<ref>https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/e/European_Union.htm</ref>]. * {{Flag|Mexico}} 600,000+ * {{Flag|Japan}} 120,500+ * {{Flag|South Korea}} 120,000+ * {{Flag|China}} PR 510,000+++[<ref>https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/p/People%2527s_Republic_of_China.htm</ref>]. [<Ref>https://www.aaiusa.org/demographics</Ref>]. ==Beeraha iyo xayawaanaadka== Wadanka mareykanka waxoo leeyahay geedo iyo beero kala duwan oo 17000 ka badan oo wadanka mareykanka u gaar ah. Wadanka mareykanka waxoo leeyahay meelo badan oo xayawaanaadka lagu xanaaneeyo. Meesha ugu horeysay aduunka oo Xayawaanaadka lagu xanaaneeyo waxee eheed [[Xanaanada Xayawaanaadka|Yellowstone]], waxaa la sameeyay 1872dii, markaas kadib wadanka mareykanka waxaa laga sameeyay 57 meel oo xayawaanaadka lagu xanaaneeyo. ===Taariikh kooban=== Wadanka Mareykanka wuxuu leeyahay magaalooyin waaweyn waxaana kamid ah magaalooyonkaas New York, Los Angels iyo Las Vegas. Caasimada wadanka waa Washington. Mareykanka waa wadan aad uweyn waan wadanka sadaxaad ee ugu weyn caalamka. Madaxweynaha Mareykanka waa Joe Biden. ===Diinta=== Mareykanka(USA) wuxuu leeyahay diimo aad ufaro badan waxaana ugu badan dadka heesto diinta Karishtaanka waxaana qaar ey heestaan diimaha kale sida Yahuuda ayaa labeeso Karishtaanka wexeyna sidoo kale heestaan Islaamka, Hinduuga iyo Buudhistaha. ==Sido kale fiiri== *[[Canada]] *[[Mexico]] {{Dalalka Woqooyiga Ameerika‎}} {{stub}} d9rkfp7wl9gqui87ahhvy5sv2b3kiaj Hindusam 0 18615 239742 231764 2022-08-10T08:34:13Z 65.95.172.135 /* Waddnmaha Daadka Hindu */ wikitext text/x-wiki ::''Boga "[[Hinduuga|Hinduu]]" halkan ayaa laga soo toosiyay.'' [[File:Om symbol.svg|thumb|Astaanta diinta hinduusamka]] Deenka- [[Asia]] '''Hinduuga''' ({{lang-en|Hinduism}}; waa mid ka mid ah [[diin|diimaha]] ugu weyn ee [[aduun]]ka lagaga dhaqmo taasi oo inta ugu badan laga helo qaarada [[Aasiya]], gaar ahaan dalka [[Hindiya]] iyo nawaaxigeeda. [[File:Ganesha pachayatana.jpg|thumb|A Ganesha-centric [[Panchayatana puja|Panchayatana]] ("five deities", from the Smarta tradition): [[Ganesha]] (centre) with [[Shiva]] (top left), [[Devi]] (top right), [[Vishnu]] (bottom left) and Surya (bottom right). All these deities also have separate sects dedicated to them.]] [[File:Halebid3.JPG|thumb|right|upright=0.9| Temple wall panel relief sculpture at the [[Hoysaleswara temple]] in [[Halebidu]], representing the [[Trimurti]]: [[Brahma]], [[Shiva]] and [[Vishnu]]]] [[File:Swami Vivekananda-1893-09-signed.jpg|thumb|[[Swami Vivekananda]] was a key figure in introducing Vedanta and Yoga in Europe and the United States,{{sfn|Feuerstein|2002|p=600}} raising interfaith awareness and making Hinduism a world religion.{{sfn|Clarke|2006|p=209}}]] Hinduistu waa diinta Hindida iyo dharma, ama hab nololeed, [Note 1] oo si ballaaran loogu dhaqmo gudaha Hindiya. Hinduism waxaa loogu yeeraa diinta ugu da'da weyn caalamka, iyo qaar ka mid ah dhakhaatiirta iyo culimada waxay tixraacayaan sida Sanātana Dharma, "dhaqanka daa'imka ah", ama "jid weligeed ah", oo ka baxsan taariikhda aadanaha Aqoonyahanadu waxay tixgeliyaan Hinduistu sida Fusion ama qoris ee dhaqamada iyo dhaqamada kala duwan ee Hindiya, oo leh xididooyin kala duwan [note 6] iyo aasaasaha ma jiro Hindisahan Hindu "Hindu" wuxuu bilaabay inuu horumariyo inta u dhexaysa 500 BCE iyo 300 CE, kadib xilligii Vedic (1500 BCE ilaa 500 BCE). Inkasta oo Hinduistu ay ka kooban tahay falsafooyin balaadhan, waxay ku xiran tahay fikradaha la wadaago, cibaadada la aqoonsan yahay, cosmology, khayraadka qoraalka wadaagga ah, iyo xajinta goobaha muqaalka ah. Qoraallada Hindu waxaa lagu qeexay Śruti ("maqal") iyo Smullti ("xusuusiyay"). Qoraalladaasi waxay ka hadlaan fiqiga, falsafada, dabeecadda, Vedic Yangna, Yoga, caado dhaqameedka, iyo dhisidda macbadka, mawduucyo kale. Qorniinka waaweyn waxaa ka mid ah Vedas iyo Upanishads, Bhagavad Gita, iyo Agamas. Ilaha awoodda iyo xaqiiqooyinka weligeed ah ee qoraalladiisa waxay leeyihiin door muhiim ah, laakiin sidoo kale waxaa jira dhaqan adag oo Hindu ah oo su'aalo waydiinaya awoodda si loo xoojiyo fahamka xaqiiqooyinkaas iyo horumarinta dhaqanka. Mawduucyada muhiimka ah ee aaminsan Hindu-yada waxaa ka mid ah afarta qaybood, ujeedooyinka habboon ama ujeedooyinka nolosha aadanaha, kuwaas oo ah DHARMA (anshaxa / waajibaadka), Artha (barwaaqo / shaqo), Kama (rabitaan / xishood) iyo Moksha (xoriyad / xorriyad / badbaadin); Karma (ficil, ujeedo iyo cawaaqib), Saadaasha (wareegga dhalashada), iyo Yesas kala duwan (wadooyinka ama dhaqamada si moksha loo helo) Hababka Hindu waxaa ka mid ah dhaqanno sida cibaadada (cibaadada) iyo akhrinta, fekerka, dabeecadaha qoysaska ku salaysan ee marinka, xafladaha sannadlaha ah, iyo xajmiga mararka qaarkood. Qaar ka mid ah Hindiyuhu waxay ka tagaan adduunkooda iyo hantidooda, ka dibna waxay ku hawlan yihiin Sannyasa nololeed (dabeecado waaweyn) si ay u gaaraan Moksha. Hinduismku wuxuu qeexayaa waajibaadyada weligeed ah, sida daacadnimada, ka ilaalinta dhaawaca noolaha (ahimsa), dulqaadka, dulqaadka, is-xakamaynta, iyo naxariista, iyo kuwa kale. Afarta deenish ee ugu weyn ee Hinduistu waa Vaishnavism, Shilinimada, Shakismiga iyo Smartism. ==Waddnmaha Daadka Hindu== * {{Flag|India}} 800,000,00+ * {{Flag|Bangladesh}} 950,000+ * {{Flag|Nepal}} 1,000,000+ * {{Flag|Saudi Arabia}} 500,000+ * {{Flag|United Arab Emirates}}300,000+ * {{Flag|Pakistan}} 500,000+ * {{Flag|Great Britain}} 400,000+ * {{Flag|United States}} 650,000+ Hinduistu waa diinta saddexaad ee adduunka ugu weyn; Dadka Hindida ah, oo loo yaqaan Hindus, waxay ka kooban yihiin 1.15 bilyan, ama 15-16% dadweynaha adduunka. Hindus waxay ka kooban yihiin inta badan dadka Hindiya, Nepal iyo Mauritius. Jaaliyado Muhiim ah Hindu ayaa sidoo kale laga helaa Kariibiyaanka, Afrika, Waqooyiga Ameerika, iyo waddamo kale. [[File:Asia_(orthographic_projection).svg|thumb|right|400px|deenka bilab asia]] * [https://www.jw.org/en/library/books/Mankinds-Search-for-God/Hinduism-A-Search-for-Liberation/ Hinduism—A Search for Liberation] {{gumud}} [[Category:Hindiya]] ku9ulozyk88q69zehn8ch3mw4wcp1b9 239744 239742 2022-08-10T09:05:11Z 65.95.172.135 wikitext text/x-wiki ::''Boga "[[Hinduuga|Hinduu]]" halkan ayaa laga soo toosiyay.'' [[File:Om symbol.svg|thumb|Astaanta diinta hinduusamka]] Deenka- [[Asia]] '''Hinduuga''' ({{lang-en|Hinduism}}; waa mid ka mid ah [[diin|diimaha]] ugu weyn ee [[aduun]]ka lagaga dhaqmo taasi oo inta ugu badan laga helo qaarada [[Aasiya]], gaar ahaan dalka [[Hindiya]] iyo nawaaxigeeda. [[File:Ganesha pachayatana.jpg|thumb|A Ganesha-centric [[Panchayatana puja|Panchayatana]] ("five deities", from the Smarta tradition): [[Ganesha]] (centre) with [[Shiva]] (top left), [[Devi]] (top right), [[Vishnu]] (bottom left) and Surya (bottom right). All these deities also have separate sects dedicated to them.]] [[File:Halebid3.JPG|thumb|right|upright=0.9| Temple wall panel relief sculpture at the [[Hoysaleswara temple]] in [[Halebidu]], representing the [[Trimurti]]: [[Brahma]], [[Shiva]] and [[Vishnu]]]] [[File:Swami Vivekananda-1893-09-signed.jpg|thumb|[[Swami Vivekananda]] was a key figure in introducing Vedanta and Yoga in Europe and the United States,{{sfn|Feuerstein|2002|p=600}} raising interfaith awareness and making Hinduism a world religion.{{sfn|Clarke|2006|p=209}}]] Hinduistu waa diinta Hindida iyo dharma, ama hab nololeed, [Note 1] oo si ballaaran loogu dhaqmo gudaha Hindiya. Hinduism waxaa loogu yeeraa diinta ugu da'da weyn caalamka, iyo qaar ka mid ah dhakhaatiirta iyo culimada waxay tixraacayaan sida Sanātana Dharma, "dhaqanka daa'imka ah", ama "jid weligeed ah", oo ka baxsan taariikhda aadanaha Aqoonyahanadu waxay tixgeliyaan Hinduistu sida Fusion ama qoris ee dhaqamada iyo dhaqamada kala duwan ee Hindiya, oo leh xididooyin kala duwan [note 6] iyo aasaasaha ma jiro Hindisahan Hindu "Hindu" wuxuu bilaabay inuu horumariyo inta u dhexaysa 500 BCE iyo 300 CE, kadib xilligii Vedic (1500 BCE ilaa 500 BCE). Inkasta oo Hinduistu ay ka kooban tahay falsafooyin balaadhan, waxay ku xiran tahay fikradaha la wadaago, cibaadada la aqoonsan yahay, cosmology, khayraadka qoraalka wadaagga ah, iyo xajinta goobaha muqaalka ah. Qoraallada Hindu waxaa lagu qeexay Śruti ("maqal") iyo Smullti ("xusuusiyay"). Qoraalladaasi waxay ka hadlaan fiqiga, falsafada, dabeecadda, Vedic Yangna, Yoga, caado dhaqameedka, iyo dhisidda macbadka, mawduucyo kale. Qorniinka waaweyn waxaa ka mid ah Vedas iyo Upanishads, Bhagavad Gita, iyo Agamas. Ilaha awoodda iyo xaqiiqooyinka weligeed ah ee qoraalladiisa waxay leeyihiin door muhiim ah, laakiin sidoo kale waxaa jira dhaqan adag oo Hindu ah oo su'aalo waydiinaya awoodda si loo xoojiyo fahamka xaqiiqooyinkaas iyo horumarinta dhaqanka. Mawduucyada muhiimka ah ee aaminsan Hindu-yada waxaa ka mid ah afarta qaybood, ujeedooyinka habboon ama ujeedooyinka nolosha aadanaha, kuwaas oo ah DHARMA (anshaxa / waajibaadka), Artha (barwaaqo / shaqo), Kama (rabitaan / xishood) iyo Moksha (xoriyad / xorriyad / badbaadin); Karma (ficil, ujeedo iyo cawaaqib), Saadaasha (wareegga dhalashada), iyo Yesas kala duwan (wadooyinka ama dhaqamada si moksha loo helo) Hababka Hindu waxaa ka mid ah dhaqanno sida cibaadada (cibaadada) iyo akhrinta, fekerka, dabeecadaha qoysaska ku salaysan ee marinka, xafladaha sannadlaha ah, iyo xajmiga mararka qaarkood. Qaar ka mid ah Hindiyuhu waxay ka tagaan adduunkooda iyo hantidooda, ka dibna waxay ku hawlan yihiin Sannyasa nololeed (dabeecado waaweyn) si ay u gaaraan Moksha. Hinduismku wuxuu qeexayaa waajibaadyada weligeed ah, sida daacadnimada, ka ilaalinta dhaawaca noolaha (ahimsa), dulqaadka, dulqaadka, is-xakamaynta, iyo naxariista, iyo kuwa kale. Afarta deenish ee ugu weyn ee Hinduistu waa Vaishnavism, Shilinimada, Shakismiga iyo Smartism. ==Waddnmaha Daadka Hindu== * {{Flag|India}} 800,000,00+ * {{Flag|Bangladesh}} 950,000+ * {{Flag|Nepal}} 1,000,000+ * {{Flag|Saudi Arabia}} 500,000+ * {{Flag|United Arab Emirates}}300,000+ * {{Flag|Pakistan}} 500,000+ * {{Flag|Great Britain}} 400,000+ * {{Flag|United States}} 650,000+ Hinduistu waa diinta saddexaad ee adduunka ugu weyn; Dadka Hindida ah, oo loo yaqaan Hindus, waxay ka kooban yihiin 1.15 bilyan, ama 15-16% dadweynaha adduunka. Hindus waxay ka kooban yihiin inta badan dadka Hindiya, Nepal iyo Mauritius. Jaaliyado Muhiim ah Hindu ayaa sidoo kale laga helaa Kariibiyaanka, Afrika, Waqooyiga Ameerika, iyo waddamo kale. [[File:Ghurids1200.png|thumb|right|197px|Deenka bilab asia]] * [https://www.jw.org/en/library/books/Mankinds-Search-for-God/Hinduism-A-Search-for-Liberation/ Hinduism—A Search for Liberation] {{gumud}} [[Category:Hindiya]] 3p74rwhdualgv5lhhpslvf9r3npa6w6 239745 239744 2022-08-10T09:13:47Z 65.95.172.135 wikitext text/x-wiki ::''Boga "[[Hinduuga|Hinduu]]" halkan ayaa laga soo toosiyay.'' [[File:Om symbol.svg|thumb|Astaanta diinta hinduusamka]] Deenka- [[Asia]] '''Hinduuga''' ({{lang-en|Hinduism}}; waa mid ka mid ah [[diin|diimaha]] ugu weyn ee [[aduun]]ka lagaga dhaqmo taasi oo inta ugu badan laga helo qaarada [[Aasiya]], gaar ahaan dalka [[Hindiya]] iyo nawaaxigeeda. [[File:Ganesha pachayatana.jpg|thumb|A Ganesha-centric [[Panchayatana puja|Panchayatana]] ("five deities", from the Smarta tradition): [[Ganesha]] (centre) with [[Shiva]] (top left), [[Devi]] (top right), [[Vishnu]] (bottom left) and Surya (bottom right). All these deities also have separate sects dedicated to them.]] [[File:Halebid3.JPG|thumb|right|upright=0.9| Temple wall panel relief sculpture at the [[Hoysaleswara temple]] in [[Halebidu]], representing the [[Trimurti]]: [[Brahma]], [[Shiva]] and [[Vishnu]]]][[File:South Asia (orthographic projection).svg|thumb|right|195px|]] [[File:Swami Vivekananda-1893-09-signed.jpg|thumb|[[Swami Vivekananda]] was a key figure in introducing Vedanta and Yoga in Europe and the United States,{{sfn|Feuerstein|2002|p=600}} raising interfaith awareness and making Hinduism a world religion.{{sfn|Clarke|2006|p=209}}]] Hinduistu waa diinta Hindida iyo dharma, ama hab nololeed, [Note 1] oo si ballaaran loogu dhaqmo gudaha Hindiya. Hinduism waxaa loogu yeeraa diinta ugu da'da weyn caalamka, iyo qaar ka mid ah dhakhaatiirta iyo culimada waxay tixraacayaan sida Sanātana Dharma, "dhaqanka daa'imka ah", ama "jid weligeed ah", oo ka baxsan taariikhda aadanaha Aqoonyahanadu waxay tixgeliyaan Hinduistu sida Fusion ama qoris ee dhaqamada iyo dhaqamada kala duwan ee Hindiya, oo leh xididooyin kala duwan [note 6] iyo aasaasaha ma jiro Hindisahan Hindu "Hindu" wuxuu bilaabay inuu horumariyo inta u dhexaysa 500 BCE iyo 300 CE, kadib xilligii Vedic (1500 BCE ilaa 500 BCE). Inkasta oo Hinduistu ay ka kooban tahay falsafooyin balaadhan, waxay ku xiran tahay fikradaha la wadaago, cibaadada la aqoonsan yahay, cosmology, khayraadka qoraalka wadaagga ah, iyo xajinta goobaha muqaalka ah. Qoraallada Hindu waxaa lagu qeexay Śruti ("maqal") iyo Smullti ("xusuusiyay"). Qoraalladaasi waxay ka hadlaan fiqiga, falsafada, dabeecadda, Vedic Yangna, Yoga, caado dhaqameedka, iyo dhisidda macbadka, mawduucyo kale. Qorniinka waaweyn waxaa ka mid ah Vedas iyo Upanishads, Bhagavad Gita, iyo Agamas. Ilaha awoodda iyo xaqiiqooyinka weligeed ah ee qoraalladiisa waxay leeyihiin door muhiim ah, laakiin sidoo kale waxaa jira dhaqan adag oo Hindu ah oo su'aalo waydiinaya awoodda si loo xoojiyo fahamka xaqiiqooyinkaas iyo horumarinta dhaqanka. Mawduucyada muhiimka ah ee aaminsan Hindu-yada waxaa ka mid ah afarta qaybood, ujeedooyinka habboon ama ujeedooyinka nolosha aadanaha, kuwaas oo ah DHARMA (anshaxa / waajibaadka), Artha (barwaaqo / shaqo), Kama (rabitaan / xishood) iyo Moksha (xoriyad / xorriyad / badbaadin); Karma (ficil, ujeedo iyo cawaaqib), Saadaasha (wareegga dhalashada), iyo Yesas kala duwan (wadooyinka ama dhaqamada si moksha loo helo) Hababka Hindu waxaa ka mid ah dhaqanno sida cibaadada (cibaadada) iyo akhrinta, fekerka, dabeecadaha qoysaska ku salaysan ee marinka, xafladaha sannadlaha ah, iyo xajmiga mararka qaarkood. Qaar ka mid ah Hindiyuhu waxay ka tagaan adduunkooda iyo hantidooda, ka dibna waxay ku hawlan yihiin Sannyasa nololeed (dabeecado waaweyn) si ay u gaaraan Moksha. Hinduismku wuxuu qeexayaa waajibaadyada weligeed ah, sida daacadnimada, ka ilaalinta dhaawaca noolaha (ahimsa), dulqaadka, dulqaadka, is-xakamaynta, iyo naxariista, iyo kuwa kale. Afarta deenish ee ugu weyn ee Hinduistu waa Vaishnavism, Shilinimada, Shakismiga iyo Smartism. ==Waddnmaha Daadka Hindu== * {{Flag|India}} 800,000,00+ * {{Flag|Bangladesh}} 950,000+ * {{Flag|Nepal}} 1,000,000+ * {{Flag|Saudi Arabia}} 500,000+ * {{Flag|United Arab Emirates}}300,000+ * {{Flag|Pakistan}} 500,000+ * {{Flag|Great Britain}} 400,000+ * {{Flag|United States}} 650,000+ Hinduistu waa diinta saddexaad ee adduunka ugu weyn; Dadka Hindida ah, oo loo yaqaan Hindus, waxay ka kooban yihiin 1.15 bilyan, ama 15-16% dadweynaha adduunka. Hindus waxay ka kooban yihiin inta badan dadka Hindiya, Nepal iyo Mauritius. Jaaliyado Muhiim ah Hindu ayaa sidoo kale laga helaa Kariibiyaanka, Afrika, Waqooyiga Ameerika, iyo waddamo kale. [[File:Ghurids1200.png|thumb|right|196px|Deenka bilab asia]] * [https://www.jw.org/en/library/books/Mankinds-Search-for-God/Hinduism-A-Search-for-Liberation/ Hinduism—A Search for Liberation] {{gumud}} [[Category:Hindiya]] kbepz1mwp8m5enlrog8qszg2u1dblt5 Dabajeex (qori) 0 19605 239739 229492 2022-08-09T20:36:01Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.8.9 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:TKB-264_at_Tula_State_Museum_of_Weapons.jpg|thumb|Qoriga soke waa dabajeex ama daba miinshaar, ama PKM]] '''Dabajeex''', '''Dabamiinshaar''' ama '''PKM''' PK ([[Af-Ruush]]: '''Пулемёт Калашникова''',[[Ingiriis (luqad)|Af-ingiriis]] '''Pulemyot Kalashnikova''', ama "'''Kalashnikov's Machinegun'''")  waa [[qori]] darandoori u dhaca ayna adeegssadaaan ciidanka efentariga laguna rakibo gaadiidka dagaalka, taangiyada, beebayaasha iyo baabuurta ciidanka qaada ama qoryaha la saaro,  waxaa la sameeya 1961 wadanka Ruushka. qorigaan ayaa aad loo dhoofiyaa isagoo uu aad u badanyahay isticmaalkiisu. waxaana hada sameeya wadamo dhowr ah. == Wadamada deegsiga == * {{Flag|Afghanistan}} * Albeeniya * Aljeeriyaa * Armeniya * Azerbaijan * Belarus * Bosniya-Herzegovina * Bulgaria * Cambodia * Cape Verde * jad * Shiinaha * kuraweshiy * {{Flag|Cuba}} * Czech Republic * [[Masar]] * [[Eratareya|Ereteriya]] * [[Estoniya|Estonia]] * [[Fiji]] * [[Finland]] * [[Joorjiya|Georgia]] * [[Guinea]] * [[Guinea-Bissau|Guinea-Bissa]] * [[Hungary]] * [[Hindiya|India]] * [[Iiraan|Iran]] * [[Ciraaq|Ciraaaq]] * [[Israaiil|Israel]] * [[Kasakhstan|Kazakhstan]] * [[Kurdistan]] * Kyrgyzstan * [[Laos]] * [[Latfiya|Latvia]] * [[Lubnaan|Lebanon]] * [[Masadooniya|Macedonia]] * [[Maali|Mali]] * [[Malta]] * [[Moldofa|Moldova]] * [[Mongolia]] * [[Musanbiig|Mozambique]] * [[Nayjeeriya|Nigeria]] * [[Waqooyiga Kuuriya|Woqooyiga Kuuriya]] * [[Banama|Panama]]<ref>{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=http://cache.daylife.com/imageserve/0b8HaU3g7ufC7/610x.jpg |access-date=2016-07-19 |archive-date=2013-09-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130922071751/http://cache.daylife.com/imageserve/0b8HaU3g7ufC7/610x.jpg |dead-url=yes }}</ref> * [[Boland|Poland]] * [[Romania|Roomaaniya]] * [[Ruushka]] * [[Sao Tome and Principe]]<ref name="jones2009">Jones, Richard D. ''Jane's Infantry Weapons 2009/2010''. </ref> * [[Koonfur Afrika|South Africa]]: Used by the South African Special Forces<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2016)">citation needed</span>''&#x5D;</sup> * [[Suudaan|Sudan]] manufacture locally as Mokhtar<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2016)">citation needed</span>''&#x5D;</sup> * [[Seerbiya|Serbia]]: Made under license as the M84/M86.<ref name="jones2009">Jones, Richard D. ''Jane's Infantry Weapons 2009/2010''. </ref> * [[Siri Lanka|Sri Lanka]] * [[Suuriya]]<ref name="jones2009">Jones, Richard D. ''Jane's Infantry Weapons 2009/2010''. </ref> * Tajikistan<ref name="jones2009">Jones, Richard D. ''Jane's Infantry Weapons 2009/2010''. </ref> * {{Flag|Turkmenistan}}Turkmenistan<ref name="jones2009">Jones, Richard D. ''Jane's Infantry Weapons 2009/2010''. </ref> * {{Flag|Turkey}}Turkey<ref><cite class="citation web">[http://www.jandarma.tsk.tr/silahlar/silahlaric.htm "SLAHLAR"] {{Wayback|url=http://www.jandarma.tsk.tr/silahlar/silahlaric.htm |date=20141214113703 }}<span class="reference-accessdate">. </span></cite></ref> * {{Flag|Uganda}}Uganda<ref name="jones2009">Jones, Richard D. ''Jane's Infantry Weapons 2009/2010''. </ref> * Ukraine<ref name="jones2009">Jones, Richard D. ''Jane's Infantry Weapons 2009/2010''. </ref> PKT, PKM locally produce as KT-7.62 and KM-7.62 * {{Flag|Uzbekistan}}Uzbekistan<ref name="jones2009">Jones, Richard D. ''Jane's Infantry Weapons 2009/2010''. </ref> * Vietnam<ref><cite class="citation web">[http://www.alphaco.us/alpha-co/nvaweapons1.htm "NVA"]<span class="reference-accessdate">. </span></cite></ref> Used from the Vietnam War to the present * [[Saambiya|Zambia]]<ref name="jones2009">Jones, Richard D. ''Jane's Infantry Weapons 2009/2010''. </ref> === Hore u adeegsaday === * <span class="flagicon">[[File:Flag_of_East_Germany.svg|link=|alt=|border|23x23px]]&nbsp;</span><span class="flagicon"></span>East Germany * [[Lithuaniya]]<ref name="jones2009">Jones, Richard D. ''Jane's Infantry Weapons 2009/2010''. </ref> * {{Flag|Soviet Union}} * : [[Iswiidhan]] designation "Kulspruta 95". Used as vehicle mounted machine guns only, mounted on former East German MT-LBs acquired during the early 1990s. When the MT-LBs were retired, so were the PKMs.<ref>[http://www.forsvarsmakten.se/sv/Materiel-och-teknik/Avvecklade-materielsystem/Pansarbandvagn-401/ Försvarsmakten - Avvecklade materielsystem (Swedish Defence Forces)]{{Dead link|date=August 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> * [[Yugusla|Yugoslavia]]: PK/PKM copies were produced<ref name="g3defencemag"><cite class="citation web">[https://archive.is/20120709233048/http://en.calameo.com/read/000127853fed679f5ecec "G3 Defence Magazine August 2010"]. ''calameo.com''<span class="reference-accessdate">. </span></cite></ref> under the name Zastava M84. == Sawirro == [[File:SpB-Museum-artillery-114.jpg|thumb|PKS note the partially fluted barrel and long slotted flash hider]] [[File:PKM_of_Hungarian_Army.JPG|thumb|PKM with a 100-round ammunition box mounted on the receiver]] {| class="wikitable" ![[File:PK_machine_gun_non-disintegrating_metal_belt_1.pdf|thumb|Rasaasta qoriga dabajeexa oo ku cabaysan silis, iyo siliskii oo rasaas ala,aan ah]] ![[File:PK_machine_gun_at_Russia-backed_rebel_position_near_the_division_line_with_Ukrainian_army_near_Dokuchaevsk,_eastern_Ukraine,_Friday,_June_5,_2015.jpg|thumb|<br>]] ! |-[[File:ReconCompany4thOTBr24.jpg|thumb|PKP ''Pecheneg'' with 100-round ammunition box]] |[[File:Machine_gun_PKT.jpg|thumb|PKT vehicle-mounted variant with a 200/250-round ammunition box]] |[[File:Syrian_soldier_with_a_machine_gun.JPEG|thumb|Syrian soldier with a PKM machine gun.]] |[[File:Wojsko_Polskie_Irak_DF-SD-04-16534.JPEG|thumb|[[Boland|Polish]] soldier with a PKM machine gun.]] |[[File:PKM_Machine_Gun_Iraq.jpg|thumb|Iraqi Army soldier firing a PKS machine gun as part of the School of Infantry.]] |-[[File:Finnishpeacekeeper.jpg|thumb|Finnish peacekeeper in Chad armed with PKM machine gun.]] |[[File:USMC-100714-M-4150N-536.jpg|thumb|A U.S. Marine firing the PKM machine gun.]] |[[File:U.S.,_Partner_Nations_Train_During_Rapid_Trident_2011_(6007713721).jpg|thumb|Ukrainian soldier training with a PKM machine gun.]] |[[File:Hungarian_soldier.JPEG|thumb|[[Hungary|Hungarian]] soldier armed with a PKM machine gun.]] |[[File:Machine_Gun_PKMS.jpg|thumb|PKMSN Stepanov 6T5 tripod-mounted variant with a 200/250-round ammunition box]] |} == Sidoo kale akhri == * [[AK-47]] * AEK-999 * RP-46 * PKP "Pecheneg" * Type 67 * Type 73, North Korean derivative. * SS-77 * AA-52 * FN MAG * MG3 * MG51 * MG710 * M240 * HK21 * Mk 48 * NTK-62 * HK21 * HK121 * Uirapuru * M60 * List of Russian weaponry {{Gumud}} [[Category:Hub]] [[Category:Qori]] == Tixraac == {{Reflist}} 39ffqjeuc5ouy0147v10pxf17r15klb Template:Country data Koonfur Galbeed Soomaaliya 10 20701 239725 162718 2022-08-09T13:09:33Z CommonsDelinker 75 Replacing Flag_of_Southwestern_Somalia.svg with [[File:Flag_of_South_West_State_of_Somalia.svg]] (by [[:c:User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] because: [[:c:COM:FR|File renamed]]: [[:c:COM:FR#FR2|Criterion 2]] (meaningless or ambiguous name)). wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{1<noinclude>|country showdata</noinclude>}}} | alias = Koonfur Galbeed Soomaaliya | flag alias = Flag of South West State of Somalia.svg | flag alias-2006 = Flag of South West State of Somalia.svg | size = {{{size|}}} | name = {{{name|}}} | variant = {{{variant|}}} | altlink = {{{altlink|}}} <noinclude> | var1 = 2006 </noinclude> }} ildqreu2ipxlc5wwo3oas98mvlc66cq Koonfur Galbeed 0 21086 239726 233694 2022-08-09T13:10:45Z CommonsDelinker 75 Replacing Flag_of_Southwestern_Somalia.svg with [[File:Flag_of_South_West_State_of_Somalia.svg]] (by [[:c:User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] because: [[:c:COM:FR|File renamed]]: [[:c:COM:FR#FR2|Criterion 2]] (meaningless or ambiguous name)). wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox country | conventional_long_name = Dowlad goboleedka Koonfur Galbeed ee Soomaaliya | common_name = Koonfur Galbeed Soomaaliya | native_name = Lahjada([[Af-maay]]<nowiki> | Koonfur Orsi</nowiki>)<br>Koofur Orsi | image_flag = Flag of South West State of Somalia.svg | image_map = South West State of Somalia map.svg | map_caption = Barta ee ku taalo Dowlad goboleedka Koonfur Galbeed | capital [ baydhabo] | official_languages = <nowiki></nowiki> *<nowiki>Af-Soomaali</nowiki>, Af Maay<nowiki></nowiki> | ethnic_groups = Soomaali | religion = Islam | demonym = | government_type = {{bulleted list|maamul goboleed|madaxwaynaha maamul goboleedka|Madaxweynaha Dimuqraadiyadda}} | leader_title1 = [[Madaxweyne (Magaca dowlada)|Madaxweyne]] | leader_name1 = [[Cabdicasiis Xassan Maxamed]] | GDP_PPP = 890 million | population_estimate =5 million, Magaalada ugu wayn Baudhabo | population_estimate_year = 2017 | FR_total_population_estimate_year = 5984,045 | FR_total_population_estimate = 2016 estimate 5983,045 | GDP_PPP_year = 2018 | HDI = 0.2 | HDI_year = | currency = [[Somali shilling]] | calling_code = +252 | cctld = [[.so]] | today = }} '''Koonfur Galbeed''' ama '''Dowlad goboleedka Koonfur galbeed ee soomaaliya''' sidoo kale loo yaqaan '''Koonfur Orsi''' ama '''Koofur Orsi''' waa maamul goboleed ku yaalo koonfur galbeed [[Soomaaliya]]. Koonfur galbeed waxay ka koobantahay gobolada [[Baay]], [[Bakool]] iyo [[Shabeellaha Hoose]], waxayna xuduud la leedahay doowlad goboleedyada [[Jubaland]] iyo [[Galmudug|Hirshabelle]]. Maamulkaan waxaa aas aasay '''Xasan Maxamednuur Shaatigaduud''' iyo '''Maxamed Ibrahim Xaabsade''' oo kawada tirsanaa hogamiyayaashi RRA. Waardiyaha Koonfur Galbeed ee la yidhaahdo ''ciidanka daraawiishta Koonfur Galbeed'', waxaa loogu magac daray qaranka [[reer Darawiish]] uu [[Diiriye Guure]] hogaaminayay oo caasimada ahayd Taleex waqtiga gumeysiga. ==Taariikh== {{Gobolada Soomaaliland}} {{Gumud}} {{Maamulada Soomaaliya}} ajdjc7s9qskwlreicpd14znxhr8wb94 Reer Aw Xassan 0 22862 239732 237932 2022-08-09T15:56:37Z 197.220.84.96 Aw xasan wikitext text/x-wiki waa qabiil ka mid ah [[:Category:Qabiilada Soomaalida|Qabiilada Sheekhaal]] ee deegaan ku ah gobolka [[Soomaali Galbeed]] ee ka tirsan wadanka [[Itoobiya]] iyo qeybo kamid ah dalalka [[Soomaaliya]] iyo [[Kenya]]. {{Farac| Reer aw Xassan<br /> |image = |poptime = |region1 = {{flagcountry|Somalia}} ([[Hiiraan]],[[Banaadir]],[[Bay]] iyo [[Bakool]]) |region2 = {{flagcountry|Itoobiya}} ([[Soomaali Galbeed]]) |region3 = {{flagcountry|Kenya}} [[NFD]] |langs = [[Af-Soomaali]] |rels = |related-c = Asharaaf }} == Taariikh == Reer Aw Xassan waa [[Qabiil|Beel]] [[Soomaaliyeed]] oo [[Asharaaf]] ah waxay kaso jeedaan [[Qoyska Cali bin Abi Dalib|Sayid Xuseen]] oo ah wiilka [[Fatima bint Muxamed|Faatima]] bintu [[Nebi Maxamed c.s|Rasuul]](scw). waxay sido kale kamid yihihiin 7 da qabiil ee [[Soomaali|Soomaalida]] ah ee aan [[Dir]], [[Daarood]] iyo [[Hawiye]] midna aheyn ee iskood utaagan sida Ugeyslabe, [[Saldanadii Ajuuraan|Ajuuraan]] iyo [[Banaadir|Reer Banaadiriga]].Waa dad culimo ah oo ku caan ah Faafinta iyo barida Diinta Islaamka oo ay aqoon xeel dheer oo ab kasoo gaar ah uleeyihiin.Waxa ay kasoo farcameen Sheekh Xasan Kaweyne oo isagu ku dhashay magaalada Zeylac ee [[Somaliland|waqooyiga]] [[Soomaaliya]] sanadkii 840 kii [[Kalandarka Islaamka|Hijriyada]], waxa uuna dhintay sanadkii 915 [[Kalandarka Islaamka|hijriyada]] oo kubeegan 1495 [[Kalandarka Miilaadiga|miilaadiyada]] wuxuu ku'aasanyahay agagaarka [[Wardheer]]. Aabihii Sayid Cumar shaqadiisa oo [[Diin]] faafin aheyd markii uu gutay wuxa uu kulaabtay [[Magaalo|Magaalada]] [[Cadan]] ,halkaas oo ugu danbayntiina lagu xabaalay meesha la yiraahdo Wahad. Walaalkiis oo ahaa [[Sheekh Yuusuf Al Kawnayn|Sh Yuusuf Al-Kowneyn]] ayuuna kala dardaarmay wiilka uu [[Soomaaliya]] ooga tagay ee Sheekh Xassan ka weyne ah. .[[Reer Aw Xassan]];waxa ay ukala baxaan laba lafood oo waaweyn waxa ayna kala yihiin :Nuur iyo Saacid. Saacid waxuu ukala qeybsamaa saddex jifo oo kala ah:Reer aw Kheyre, reer aw Ali iyo Reer aw-Xuuriye. Nuur waxa uu ukala baxaan labo lafoo kala Axmed Nuur iyo Kutub Nuur oo ay ka so jeedaan Reer Aw Mahdi,Reer Aw Cilmi iyo Reeer aw Udgoone [[Reer Aw Xassan|Beesha Reer Aw Xassan]] Waxa ay [[Deegaan (tuulo)|degaan]] xuduuda kala qeybisa labada [[Wadan|dal]] ee [[Itoobiya]] iyo [[Soomaaliya|Soomaaliya.Dhanka]] [[Itoobiya]] waxa ay [[Deegaan|degaan]] [[Degmada Feer-feer|Feerfeer]],Buur-Cukur,Galcusbo iyo Tuulooyin kale . Deeganada kala ay Soomaaliya ka degaan waxaa kamid ah;[[Muqdisho]],[[Marka]],[[Qoryooley|Qoryooleey]] iyo [[Kismaayo]]. [[Kiinya|Kenya]] waxa ay ka degaan [[Mandheera|Mandheeraa]] iyo Khalaaliyoow. == Macalin Raage Asaga oo ka hadlaya halka ay ka soo jeedaan [[Reer Aw Xassan|Reer Aw Xassanku]] Waxa uu yidhiː- == “Aw xasan ninki doonayow ma ahan Daaroode, [[Dir]] na manoqon daa'im abidkoode, Hadey kaa daboolneyd hada Ana daaha ka rogiye, [[Nebi Maxamed c.s|Nabigii]] (scw) la doortaanu nahay Duriyadiisiiye, Dadka waan u dhexeyna anagu doc ma raacsanine, Dariiqada [[Islaam|Islamkaan]] siilka hooyadaa ayyaho loo mara e, [[Islaam|Diinta]] ba barashadeeda iyo duco iyo daacad mooyee, Dambi qaran dagaalkii Ehliga diidnay maan galine, Dalka culumadiisi yaa nahaye kii nadarajeeyo [[Allaah|Ilaahayow]] wuxuu doono sii [[Meere|dunida]] aan joogno Akharana daris ooga yeel [[Nabi|Nabiga]] daartiisa" == Tix Raac: == {{Reflist}}https://www.facebook.com/Reer-Aw-Xasan-142210125800984/ [[Degmada Feer-feer]] https://www.facebook.com/permalink.php?story_fbid=1091873400834647&id=142210125800984 [[Category:Qabaa'ilada Soomaaliya]] tt8z5jhodl3rxgx4ntw3836vvdun0bz Help:Edit summary 12 23340 239741 171983 2022-08-10T06:24:31Z 102.128.131.182 Deegaanka Daara-salaam iyo Qabiilka Maxame barre wikitext text/x-wiki TAARIIKHDA [[Qabiilka Sacad, Siciid kuul, Dhagacas Maxad|Qabiilka Sacad, Siciid kuul, Dhagacas Maxamed barre]] MAXAMED BARRE. Maxamee barre waa beel Soomaaliyeed taas oo degta dhammaan gobolada Dalka Soomaaliya iyo Dhulka hawd ka ah ee Soomaali galbeed( DDS). Deegaanka ugu wayn ee ay degaan waa [[Deegaanka Daara-salaam Maxamed barre|Deegaanka Daara Salaam]] Daara-salaam, waxa uuna ku yaalaa Gobolka [[Togdheer]] ee Wuqooyiga Soomaliya. Magaalada Daar-salaam dhinaca koonfureed waxaa kaga beegan magaalada buuhoodle waxa ayna isku jiraan masaafo dhan 45km. Deegaanka Daara salaam waxaa degga Qabiilka maxamed barre, Maxamed barre waxa uu ka kooban yahay Sadex lafood oo kala ah 1: Beesha Sacad Maxamed barre 2: Beesha siciid kuul Maxamed barre 3: Beesha Dhaga-cas ama Geedi maxamed barre. hv6w5qhe9anbd0idkd66b683jiy8aux Hadeyaan 0 36651 239721 238870 2022-08-09T12:55:50Z EnsiklopediaXylon 31252 wikitext text/x-wiki ::''Akhrin dheeraad ah: [[w:en:Hadean|Hadean]]'' {{geo-time}} [[File:Hadean.png|right|200px]] [[Hadeyaan]]ku waa jiyooloojiyada ka hor [[Arkeyaan]]. Waxay ka bilaabatay samaynta dhulku qiyaastii 4.6 bilyan sano ka hor, waxayna dhammaatay 4 bilyan oo sano ka hor. Magaca "Hadeyaan" wuxuu ka yimid ''Hades'', Giriiga "gunta dhulka", sababtoo ah xaaladaha dhulka wakhtigaas. Juquraafiga ''Preston Cloud'' wuxuu markii ugu horeysay adeegsaday ereyga 1972. Duqeymaha [[Meteyoriit]], foolkaanooyin iyo heerkulka sare ayaa aad ugu baahay dhulka hore. {{clade |1={{clade |label1=[[Hadeyaan]] |1={{clade |1=[[Hephaestean]] (paleo) |2=[[Jacobian]] (paleo) |3=[[Canadian]] (meso) |4=[[Procrustean]] (meso) |5=[[Acastan]] (neo) |6=[[Promethean]] (neo) }} }} }} =Tixraacyada= {{science-stub}} g3mnwuux5fe1e2g3w89li94u7ofnynj Eoarkeyaan 0 36783 239713 2022-08-09T12:43:11Z EnsiklopediaXylon 31252 Bog cusub: {{eoarchean}} wikitext text/x-wiki {{eoarchean}} amw6mso728cpm6la0c3yql6cpf2zt85 239715 239713 2022-08-09T12:45:05Z EnsiklopediaXylon 31252 wikitext text/x-wiki {{eoarchean}}[[en:Eoarchean]] tpuasarbfssawoqbfmpzvc2jsqadub0 239740 239715 2022-08-10T02:03:36Z EmausBot 2224 Bot: Migrating 1 interwiki links, now provided by [[Wikipedia:Wikidata|Wikidata]] on [[d:Q731470]] wikitext text/x-wiki {{eoarchean}} amw6mso728cpm6la0c3yql6cpf2zt85 Template:Eoarchean 10 36784 239714 2022-08-09T12:44:40Z EnsiklopediaXylon 31252 Bog cusub: {{geo-time}} '''Eoarchaean''' ([[Af-Ingiriisi|en]]: Eoarchean) waa xilligii ugu horreeyay ee juquraafi ee eonka [[Arkeyaan]] oo bilaabmay 4 bilyan sano kahor, oo dhammaaday 3.6 bilyan oo sano kahor. Kahor intaanay Hadean ahaan waxaa raacay [[Balyuuarkeyaan]]. =Tixraacyada= {{stub}} wikitext text/x-wiki {{geo-time}} '''Eoarchaean''' ([[Af-Ingiriisi|en]]: Eoarchean) waa xilligii ugu horreeyay ee juquraafi ee eonka [[Arkeyaan]] oo bilaabmay 4 bilyan sano kahor, oo dhammaaday 3.6 bilyan oo sano kahor. Kahor intaanay Hadean ahaan waxaa raacay [[Balyuuarkeyaan]]. =Tixraacyada= {{stub}} ltzplnln4osbkjzqstr1komk36mk81j 239716 239714 2022-08-09T12:45:54Z EnsiklopediaXylon 31252 wikitext text/x-wiki {{geo-time}} '''Eoarchaean''' ([[Af-Ingiriisi|en]]: Eoarchean) waa xilligii ugu horreeyay ee juquraafi ee eonka [[Arkeyaan]] oo bilaabmay 4 bilyan sano kahor, oo dhammaaday 3.6 bilyan oo sano kahor. Kahor intaanay [[Hadeyaan]] ahaan waxaa raacay [[Balyuuarkeyaan]]. =Tixraacyada= {{stub}} d8njwur39k5gk8rbtkcdusf28z42qnr 239717 239716 2022-08-09T12:46:24Z EnsiklopediaXylon 31252 wikitext text/x-wiki {{geo-time}} '''Eoarchaean''' ([[Af-Ingiriisi|en]]: Eoarchean) waa xilligii ugu horreeyay ee juquraafi ee eonka [[Arkeyaan]] oo bilaabmay 4 bilyan sano kahor, oo dhammaaday 3.6 bilyan oo sano kahor.<ref>http://www.stratigraphy.org/ICSchart/ChronostratChart2013-01.pdf</ref> Kahor intaanay [[Hadeyaan]] ahaan waxaa raacay [[Balyuuarkeyaan]]. =Tixraacyada= {{stub}} l10z1oqx1ytxneqdwdy37pact49m1j5 239718 239717 2022-08-09T12:46:37Z EnsiklopediaXylon 31252 wikitext text/x-wiki {{geo-time}} '''Eoarchaean''' ([[Af-Ingiriisi|en]]: Eoarchean) waa xilligii ugu horreeyay ee juquraafi ee eonka [[Arkeyaan]] oo bilaabmay 4 bilyan sano kahor, oo dhammaaday 3.6 bilyan oo sano kahor.<ref>http://www.stratigraphy.org/ICSchart/ChronostratChart2013-01.pdf</ref> Kahor intaanay [[Hadeyaan]] ahaan waxaa raacay [[Balyuuarkeyaan]]. =Tixraacyada= <references /> {{stub}} f4eennagxy1tj043xifl6ir53zexujv 239719 239718 2022-08-09T12:48:30Z EnsiklopediaXylon 31252 wikitext text/x-wiki {{geo-time}} '''Eoarchaean''' ([[Af-Ingiriisi|en]]: Eoarchean) waa xilligii ugu horreeyay ee juquraafi ee eonka [[Arkeyaan]] oo bilaabmay 4 bilyan sano kahor, oo dhammaaday 3.6 bilyan oo sano kahor.<ref>http://www.stratigraphy.org/ICSchart/ChronostratChart2013-01.pdf</ref> Kahor intaanay [[Hadeyaan]] ahaan waxaa raacay [[Balyuuarkeyaan]]. Eoarkeyaan waa xilliga ugu horreeya ee cilmiga [[juquraafiga]] kadib adkeynta qolofta [[Dhul]]ka. Asalka abiotig-ga ee nolosha (''abiogenesis'') waxa lagu taariikheeyay daaqad wakhti laga bilaabo 4 ilaa 3.6 bilyan sano ka hor markaas oo qiyamka cadaadiska jawigu u dhexeeyay c.100 ilaa 10 bar.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Mulkidjanian |first=A. Y. | year=2009 | title=On the origin of life in the zinc world: 1. Photosynthesizing, porous edifices built of hydrothermally precipitated zinc sulfide as cradles of life on Earth. |journal=Biol. Direct |volume=4 |pages=26|doi=10.1186/1745-6150-4-26 |pmid=19703272 |pmc=3152778 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |authors=Mulkidjanian, A. Y.; Bychkov, A. Y.; Dibrova, D. V.; Galperin, M. Y.; Koonin, E. V.| year=2012 | title=Origin of first cells at terrestrial, anoxic geothermal fields |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA| volume=109 | issue=14 | pages=E821–E830 |doi=10.1073/pnas.1117774109 | pmid=22331915 | pmc=3325685 |bibcode = 2012PNAS..109E.821M | doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | last=Mulkidjanian |first=A. Y. |year=2011 |title=Energetics of the First Life |pages=3–33 | journal=In R. Egel, D.-H. Lankenau, and A. Y. Mulkidjanian (Ed.), Origins of Life: The Primal Self-Organization. Springer Verlag, Heidelberg.(book)}}</ref> =Tixraacyada= <references /> {{stub}} f5t5lcima93r9xaeelbsbzysexo6rvb 239720 239719 2022-08-09T12:48:47Z EnsiklopediaXylon 31252 wikitext text/x-wiki {{geo-time}} '''Eoarkeyaan''' ([[Af-Ingiriisi|en]]: Eoarchean) waa xilligii ugu horreeyay ee juquraafi ee eonka [[Arkeyaan]] oo bilaabmay 4 bilyan sano kahor, oo dhammaaday 3.6 bilyan oo sano kahor.<ref>http://www.stratigraphy.org/ICSchart/ChronostratChart2013-01.pdf</ref> Kahor intaanay [[Hadeyaan]] ahaan waxaa raacay [[Balyuuarkeyaan]]. Eoarkeyaan waa xilliga ugu horreeya ee cilmiga [[juquraafiga]] kadib adkeynta qolofta [[Dhul]]ka. Asalka abiotig-ga ee nolosha (''abiogenesis'') waxa lagu taariikheeyay daaqad wakhti laga bilaabo 4 ilaa 3.6 bilyan sano ka hor markaas oo qiyamka cadaadiska jawigu u dhexeeyay c.100 ilaa 10 bar.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Mulkidjanian |first=A. Y. | year=2009 | title=On the origin of life in the zinc world: 1. Photosynthesizing, porous edifices built of hydrothermally precipitated zinc sulfide as cradles of life on Earth. |journal=Biol. Direct |volume=4 |pages=26|doi=10.1186/1745-6150-4-26 |pmid=19703272 |pmc=3152778 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |authors=Mulkidjanian, A. Y.; Bychkov, A. Y.; Dibrova, D. V.; Galperin, M. Y.; Koonin, E. V.| year=2012 | title=Origin of first cells at terrestrial, anoxic geothermal fields |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA| volume=109 | issue=14 | pages=E821–E830 |doi=10.1073/pnas.1117774109 | pmid=22331915 | pmc=3325685 |bibcode = 2012PNAS..109E.821M | doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | last=Mulkidjanian |first=A. Y. |year=2011 |title=Energetics of the First Life |pages=3–33 | journal=In R. Egel, D.-H. Lankenau, and A. Y. Mulkidjanian (Ed.), Origins of Life: The Primal Self-Organization. Springer Verlag, Heidelberg.(book)}}</ref> =Tixraacyada= <references /> {{stub}} chcxlksevjfz5jrgcu4c51zz2c9dwzb