Wikipedia sowiki https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bogga_Hore MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.1 first-letter Media Special Talk User User talk Wikipedia Wikipedia talk File File talk MediaWiki MediaWiki talk Template Template talk Help Help talk Category Category talk Portal Portal talk TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 1683 297047 296845 2026-05-08T02:00:46Z Muuse8 36079 297047 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Farac| |group = Hawiye<br /> بنو هوية |image = |poptime = |region1 = {{flagcountry|Somalia}} |region2 = {{flagcountry|Ethiopia}} |region3 = {{flagcountry|Turkey}} |region4 = {{flagcountry|Kenya}} |langs = [[Somali language|Somali]] |rels = [[Sunni]], [[Wahaabi]] |related-c = [[Dir]], [[Daarood]], [[Raxanweyn]] iyo qabiilo [[Soomaali]] kale<!-- CONFIRMED RELATIONS!!! --> | population = 20,000,000 }} '''Hawiye''' ({{lang-ar|بنو هوية}},{{lang-en|Hawiye}}) waa beel ka mida qabiilada [[Soomaali|Soomaalida]], kuwaasi oo ku dhaqan deegaano ka tirsan wadanka [[Soomaaliya]], [[Itoobiya]], iyo [[Kiinya]].<ref>http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/africa/somalia_ethnic_grps_2002.jpg</ref><ref>{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=https://www.hrw.org/reports/1990/WR90/AFRICA.BOU-09.htm |access-date=2016-03-08 |archive-date=2016-08-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160818134833/https://www.hrw.org/reports/1990/WR90/AFRICA.BOU-09.htm |dead-url=yes }}</ref> ama laba<ref>{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=http://www.dnd.ca/somalia/vol1/v1c11e.htm |access-date=2016-03-08 |archive-date=2005-11-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051112233808/http://www.dnd.ca/somalia/vol1/v1c11e.htm |dead-url=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=http://www.asylumlaw.org/docs/somalia/ind01b_somalia_ca.pdf |access-date=2016-03-08 |archive-date=2011-07-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716081350/http://www.asylumlaw.org/docs/somalia/ind01b_somalia_ca.pdf |dead-url=yes }}</ref> kaga jira badnaanta tirada qabiilooyinka Soomaalida, waxay degaan caasimada [[Muqdisho]]<ref>http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/6483427.stm</ref>. == Taariikh == Sida uu qoraa [[Al-Idriisi]] oo sanadka 12aad, qabiilka Hawiye waxay ku dhaqaaqeen degmooyinka badweynta ka dhaxeysa [[Xaafuun]] ilaa [[Marka]], iyadoo xiriir la leeyahay webiga hoose ee [[webiga Shabeelle]] hoose. Waxa uu sheegayaa Al-Idriisi Hawiye inay ahayd [[qabiilka Soomaaliga]] ugu horaysa ee laga wada hadlayo [[Geeska Afrika]]. Qorayaasha carabka ee soo baxay ka dib, waxay sidoo kale qiraayaan qabiilka Hawiye oo la xiriira [[Marka]] iyo dhulka hoose ee [[Shabeelle]]. Cibnu Saacid (1214-74), tusaale ahaan, waxa uu ka dhigayaa [[Marka]] in ay tahay caasimada Hawiye, kuwaas oo noqonaya ciidamada shan todobaadood oo ku yaal dheelmiyo webiga ay dhigato "Niyilka [[Muqdisho]]", tixraac wanaagsan oo la xiriira [[Shabeelle]].<ref>Lewis, I. M. (1999). A Pastoral Democracy: A Study of Pastoralism and Politics Among the Northern Somali of the Horn of Africa. James Currey Publishers. Retrieved from https://books.google.com/books?id=GWjxR61xAe0C</ref> ==Deegaanka == Beelweynta Hawiye waxay wadanka [[Soomaaliya]] ka degtaa gobolo badan oo ka mid tahay: * [[Shabeellaha Dhexe]] oo ay beesha [[Abgaal]] ugu badantahay * [[Hiiraan]] oo ay beesha Xawaadle iyo Gugundhabe ugu badantahay * [[Mudug]] oo 3/5 degmo ay beesha Habargidir iyo Abgaal ku leedahay * [[Galgaduud]] oo 8/10 degmo ay beelaha Habargidir, Abgaal, Murusade iyo Duduble ku leeyihin * [[Jubbada Dhexe]] oo ay beesha Sheikhaal dhinac ka dagto * [[Shabellaha Hoose]], oo ay beelaha Abgaal, Murusade, Wacdaan, Sheikhaal, Habargidir iyo beelo kala degaano fara badan ku leeyihin * [[Bakool]] oo ay beesha Jijeele dhinac ka dagaan * [[Sool]] gaar ahaan Adhicadeeye iyo Qaraaro oo ay beelaha Fiqishini oo Habargidir ka mid ah dagaan Sidoo kale, waxaa beesha laga helaa wadanka [[Itoobiya]], gaar ahaan: * Gobolka Faafan, gaar ahaan degmayaasha Baabile oo Karanle dagan iyo Gursum oo Karanle iyo Sheikhal deganyihiin isla meeshi ah meesha oo Awoowe Hawiye ku aasanyahay. * Gobolka Sitti, gaar ahaan Ma'ayso iyo Goljano oo ay beesha Gugundhabe dagto * Gobolka Liibaan, gaar ahaan Filtu, Boqolmaayo iyo Qarsaduula oo ay beelaha Dagoodi iyo Karanle Hawiye dagaan * Gobolka Afdheer, gaar ahaan Doolo Baay iyo Raaso oo ay beelaha Dagodia iyo Sheikhaal daganyihiin * Gobolka Erer, gaar ahaan Maayu Muluqo iyo Qubi oo ay beelaha Murule dagto * Gobolka Shabelle, gaar ahaan Mustaaxiil iyo Feerfeer oo ay beelaha Jidle dagaan Sidoo kale, wadanka [[Kiinya]] waxay degaan ku yihiin: * Gobolka Wajeer, oo ay beelaha Dagoodi iyo Ajuuran dagaan * Gobolka Mandhera, oo ay beesha Murule dagto == Shaxda Beesha == Cali Jimcaale Axmad waa aqoonyahan Hawiye wuxuu sharxay kitaabka la yiraahdo “''The Invention of Somalia''” laguna daabacay 1995 “The Red Sea Press, Inc. – Lawrenceville, NJ 08648 ee dalka Maraykanka, wuxuu bogiisa ku wariyay oo yiri Hawiye abtirsigeedu waa sidatan:<ref name="ali_jimale_ahmed2">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XpdAzRYruCwC&lpg=PA129&dq=Mudulood&pg=PA123#v=onepage&q&f=false|title=The Invention of Somalia|publisher=Red Sea|year=1995|isbn=0-932415-98-9|location=[[Lawrenceville, New Jersey|Lawrenceville]], [[New Jersey|NJ]]|page=123|author=[[Ali Jimale Ahmed]]}}</ref> [[File:Hawiye clan tree.jpg|thumb|Hawiye clan tree (simple version).]] {{tree list}} *[[Samaale]] **Irir ***Hawiye ****[[Karanle]] *****Kaariye *****Gidir *****Sexawle ******Baad *****[[Murusade]] ******[[Sabti]] *******[[Abu Bakr Sabti|Abakar Sabti]] *******[[Abdalla Sabdi|Abdalla Sabti]] *******Idinle Sabti *******Ibrahim Sabti ******Foorculus *******Habar Ceyno *******Habar Maxamed ****Gugundhabe *****Molkaal (Molcal) ******[[Badi Ade]] *******Afgaab *******Maamiye *******Subeer ******Baydisle ******Saransoor<ref name="Gli Annali dell'Africa Italiana">{{Cite book|title=Gli Annali dell'Africa Italiana|year=1938|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GREUAAAAIAAJ&dq=Gogondov%C3%B2&pg=PA1130|page=1130|access-date=2023-02-22|archive-date=2023-04-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230404152746/https://books.google.com/books?id=GREUAAAAIAAJ&dq=Gogondov%C3%B2&pg=PA1130|url-status=live}}</ref> *******[[Gaaljecel]] ********Barsane ********Sooranle *********Doqondiide *********Dirisame *********Dar-Waaq **********Abtisame **********Lahube ***********Aloofi ***********Makahiil Omar *******[[Degoodi]] ********Fai ********Dumaal *******Ciise *******Masarre *****Jidle alias [[Murule]] ******Abdi (Yabarsein) ******Kuulow ******Sharmarke ******Nacabsoor *****Jijeele ******Reer Faqay ******Reer Wabar ****Gorgaarte *****Hiraab ******[[Mudulood]] *******Cali Cusmaan(Abgaal) *******[[Udejeen]] ********Kheyre Macalin ********Adan Yacqub *******Darandole ********Hilibi *********Cismaan **********[[Wa'daan]] ***********Maalinle ***********Samakaay *********Moobleen **********Magacle **********Abidig *********Ilaaway *********[[Abgaal]] (Cali) **********Harti ***********Warsangeli ***********Suul Harti ************Maxamed Caroone *************Agoonyar *************Owbakar **************Reer Imaam *************Yabar Maxamed ************Nugaale (Habar Nugaal) ************Cabdalla Caroone *******Ciise Harti **********Wa'budhan ***********Galmaax Yonis ************Yusuf Galmaax *************Maxamed Muuse ************Cumar Galmaax *************Celi Cumar *************Reer Mataan (Abdulle) ************Abdulle Galmaax ********Xuseen Yonis *********Sahal Koraaye ********Adan Yonis ***********Kabaale Wacbudhan ************Saleeban Muse ************Xeyle Muse ***********Dauud ************Isaaq Dauud ************Yusuf Dauud *************Reer Ugaas **********Wa'aysle (Warculus) ***********Saleeban Waceysle ***********Cumar Saleeban ************Dhagaweyne Cumar ************Faqay Cumar ************Cabdalle Cumar *************Cali Gaaf *************Absuge *************Macalin Dhiblaawe ***********Abdirahman Saleban ***********Jibraail Waceysle ***********Haaruun Waceysle ******[[Duduble]] (Maxamuud Hiraab) *******Maxamed Camal *******Maqlisame *******Owradeen ******[[Sheekhaal]]<ref name="Bricchetti 1899 174">{{Cite book|title=Somalia e Benadir|last=Bricchetti|first=Robbecchi|year=1899|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TmUMAQAAIAAJ&dq=Martille+Herab&pg=PA174|page=174|access-date=2023-02-22|archive-date=2023-04-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230404173812/https://books.google.com/books?id=TmUMAQAAIAAJ&dq=Martille+Herab&pg=PA174|url-status=live}}</ref> *******Loobage ********Maxamed Cagane *******Aw-Qudub ******[[Habar Gidir]] *******[[Sacad]] *******Saleebaan *******[[Ayr|Cayr]] *******Saruur *****Wadalaan *****[[Silcis]] *****[[Hawadle]]<ref name="Somalia Etnografia">{{Cite book|title=Somalia Etnografia|year=1957|url=https://ibb.co/TqsxNzY|page=60|access-date=2023-02-10|archive-date=2023-02-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230210032129/https://ibb.co/TqsxNzY|url-status=live}}</ref> ******Samatalis *******Dige Samatalis *********Ciise Dige **********Ibrahim Ciise **********Madaxweyne Ciise ***********Ali Madaxweyne ***********Yabar Madaxweyne ***********Abdalle Madaxweyne ************Agoon Abdalle *********Yabar Dige **********Adan Warsame *******Cabdalle Samatalis *******Faramage Samatalis ********Reer Ugaas *******Yusuf Samatalis ********Abdi Yusuf ****Jambeelle *****Hintire *****[[Ajuran (clan)|Ajuran]]<ref name="Geographica Italiana 1892 970">{{Cite book|title=Bollettino della Società geografica italiana|last=Geographica Italiana|first=Società|year=1892|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=g64yAQAAMAAJ&dq=Giambelle+&pg=RA1-PA970|page=970|access-date=2022-08-19|archive-date=2022-08-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220819030015/https://books.google.com/books?id=g64yAQAAMAAJ&dq=Giambelle+&pg=RA1-PA970|url-status=live}}</ref> ******Gareen ******Waalamage ****Xaskul *****Owsaan ****Raarane Hawiye {{tree list/end}} ==Dadka caanka ah Hawiye== ===Siyaasiyiin=== * [[Aaden Abdulle Osman Daar]] , President of Somalia, 1960–67 * [[Ali Mahdi Muhammad]], President of Somalia, 1991–1995 * [[Cabdiqaasim Salaad Xassan|CAbdiqaasim salaad xasan]], President of Somalia, 2000–2004 * [[Cabdullaahi Ciise|Cabdullaahi ciise]], Prime Minister of Somalia, 1954–1960 * [[Ali Mohammed Ghedi]], Prime Minister of Somalia, 2004–2007 * [[Hassan Sheikh Mohamud]], current President of Somalia * [[Mohamed Farrah Aidid]], self declare President of Somalia 1995-1996 * [[Nur Hassan Hussein]], Prime Minister of Somalia, 2007–2009 * [[Sharif Ahmed]], President of Somalia, 2009-2012 * [[Abdirahman Janaqow]], Somali leader, deputy chairman of the Islamic Courts Union of Somalia (ICU), Minister of Justice * [[Abdullahi Ahmed Addow]], former Somalia Ambassador to the United States (1970–80) * [[Abukar Umar Adani]], Islamist, businessman who used to control the El-ma`an beach area which served as Mogadishu's port since the closure in 1995 of the city's main port * [[Bashir Raghe Shiiraar]], secular faction leader; member of the US-backed Alliance for Peace and the Fight Against International Terrorism * [[Hassan Mohamed Hussein Mungab]], Mayor of Mogadishu * [[Mohamed Abdi Hassan]], entrepreneur and faction leader * [[Mohamed Afrah Qanyare]], politician who was based to the south of Mogadishu and member of TFG parliament * [[Mohamed Nur]], former Mayor of Mogadishu ===Saraakii milatari=== * [[ Odowaa Yuusuf Rageh ]] , He is the incumbent Chief of the Somali Armed Forces . * [[Ahmed Maxamed Xasan]], Lieutenant colonel who defused Mig-17 jet fighter bombs * [[Daud Abdulle Hirsi]], Commander-in-chief of the Somali national forces, 1960–67 * [[Hassan Dahir Aweys]], leader of Islamist revolution in Somalia, 2006–09 * [[Hussein Kulmiye Afrah]], vice-president of Somalia under the Siad Barre regime * [[Mohamed Farrah Aidid]], Chairman of the United Somali Congress, 1991–1994 * [[Mohammed Hussein Ali]], Commissioner of the Kenyan police; 2004–08 * [[Muuse Suudi Yalahow]], politician who served as Trade Minister in the Transitional Federal Government * [[Salaad Gabeyre Kediye]], Father of the 1969 revolution ===Aqoonyahanno=== * [[Abdi Mohamed Ulusso]], 2003 presidential candidate * [[Abdirahman Yabarow]], Editor-in-Chief of the VOA Somali Service * [[Abdulkadir Yahye Ali]], peace activist, co-director and founder of the Center for Research and Dialogue <ref>{{Cite web|title=CRD Somalia|url=http://www.crdsomalia.org/yahya.shtml|publisher=Center for Research and Dialogue|date=2005-07-12|accessdate=2010-10-12|archive-date=2011-07-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110725202337/http://www.crdsomalia.org/yahya.shtml|url-status=dead}}</ref> * [[Abukar Umar Adani]], businessman who operates the Elman port services * [[Ali Jimale]], educator at the City University of New York * [[Ali Sheikh Ahmed]], dual president of Mogadishu University and Al-Islaah * [[Elman Ali Ahmed]], entrepreneur and social activist * [[Hilowle Imam Omar]], co-chairman of the reconciliation program 1995-2000 * [[Hussein Ali Shido]], founding member of the United Somali Congress * [[Hussein Sheikh Ahmed Kaddare]], author of the Kaddariya script, 1952 * [[ Dr Abdullahi Qoryoooley ]] , founder of Hubaal specialist hospital in Mogadishu . * [[Ibrahim Hassan Addou]], Former Professor of Washington University. Foreign Minister of the Union of Islamic courts in 2006 * [[Omar Iman Abubakar]], professor and researcher in Hadith Sunna, Chairman of Hisbi Islam<ref>{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=http://www.presstv.ir/detail.aspx?id=85097&sectionid=351020501 |access-date=2016-03-02 |archive-date=2009-06-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090611083240/http://www.presstv.ir/detail.aspx?id=85097&sectionid=351020501 |dead-url=yes }}</ref><ref>http://allafrica.com/stories/200902080003.html</ref> ===Ugaasyada iyo Wadaadada=== * [[ Imaam Mahamud ]], imam of Mudulood Hiraab * [[Ugaas Mohamed Ali Ugaas ]] , ugaas of Abgaal * [[Imam Axmed Gurey]], Conqueror of Abyssinia * [[Ahmed Diriye Ali]], spokesman of the Hawiye traditional elders. * [[Olol Diinle]], last king of the [[Ajuran Sultanate|Ajuran empire]] * [[Sheikh Hassan Barsane]], Ahmaddi anti-colonialist scholar * [[Sheikh Ali Dhere]], founder of the first Islamic Court in Mogadishu ===Fanka iyo suugaanta=== * [[Khadiija Ciise Faracadde]], poemist, leadership and peacebuilder. * [[Maxamed Cali Kaariye]], Song writer * [[C/Kariin Farax Qaareey (Jiir)]], Music writer * [[Magool]] (Halima Khalif Omar), Singer * [[Hasan Adan Samatar]], Singer * [[Salaad Derbi]], Singer * [[C/Qaadir Jubba]], Singer * [[Shamso Cumar Xaydar]], Singer * [[Hanuuniye]], Singer & Song writer * [[Sulfe]], Singer & musician * [[Cumer Shooli]], Singer & musician * [[Abdi Bashiir Indhobuur]], poet and composer, writer of several patriotic songs * [[Abdulle Geedannaar]], poet * [[C/Qaadir Xasan Nageeye]], Singer * [[Binti Cumar Gacal]], Singer * [[Xabiiba Xasan Tooxoow]], Singer * [[K'naan]], Somali-Canadian poet, rapper and musician * [[Sheekh Ahmed Gabyow]], 19th-century poet ==Sidoo kale fiiri== *[[Soomaali|Beelaha Soomaalida]] * [[Maxakamadaha islaamiga]] ==Tixraac== {{reflist|2}} {{Beelaha Soomaalida}} {{Commons|Category:Hawiye clan}} [[Category:Qabiilada Soomaalida]] [[Category:Soomaali]] [[Category:Dadka Soomaaliga]] [[Category:Beelaha Hawiye]] hr67uo5mzoi6ksjhxt2qfs1h3oibluv 0 2570 297040 295119 2026-05-07T21:43:51Z ~2026-27774-56 45542 297040 wikitext text/x-wiki [[2006]] - [[2007]] - 2008 __TOC__ == Dhacdooyin == *shaqaaqada Maaliyadeed ee Adduunka ayaa bilaabmay. *Apple ayaa soo saartay iPhone. * Weerarkii Virginia Tech ayaa dhacay, oo ka mid ah weerarradii iskuul ee ugu dhimashada badnaa taariikhda Maraykanka. * Shaxda Live Earth ayaa wacyigelin ku sameysay isbeddelka cimilada. * Hoosdhaca Dhaqaalaha Adduunka ayaa saameyn ku yeelatay dhaqaalooyinka caalamiga ah. * Maanta 27 Desember waa maalintii la dilay [[Benazir Bhutu]] == Dhalashooyin == ==Dhimashooyin== == Madaxda Aduunka == {{Commonscat}} [[Category:Sanad]] 31313zbkyjb9ggnafq48y1sbv6dtkwf 0 3939 297044 283298 2026-05-07T23:34:55Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 297044 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox country | conventional_long_name = {{collapsible list |titlestyle = background:transparent: Font-size:9pt; |title = {{resize|11.5pt|{{nowrap|Boqortooyada Midowday ee Britan iyo Woqooyiga Ireland}}}} }} | common_name = Midowga Boqortooyo | linking_name = the United Kingdom<!--for wikilinks – don't remove "the"--> | image_flag = Flag of the United Kingdom.svg | alt_flag = A flag featuring both cross and saltire in red, white and blue | image_coat = Royal Coat of Arms of the United Kingdom.svg | alt_coat = Coat of arms containing shield and crown in centre, flanked by lion and unicorn | symbol_type = {{nowrap|[[Royal coat of arms of the United Kingdom|Royal coat of arms]]{{#tag:ref|The Royal coat of arms used in Scotland:<br /><center>[[File:Coat of arms of the United Kingdom in Scotland.svg|100px]]</center>|}}}} | national_anthem = {{nowrap|"[[God Save the King]]"{{#tag:ref|There is no authorised version of the national anthem as the words are a matter of tradition; only the first verse is usually sung.<ref>''[http://www.royal.gov.uk/MonarchUK/Symbols/NationalAnthem.aspx National Anthem]'', British Monarchy official website. Retrieved 16 November 2013.</ref> No law was passed making "God Save the Queen" the official anthem. In the English tradition, such laws are not necessary; proclamation and usage are sufficient to make it the national anthem. "God Save the Queen" also serves as the [[Honors music|Royal anthem]] for several other countries, namely certain [[Commonwealth realms]].|}}<center>[[File:United States Navy Band - God Save the Queen.oga]]</center>}} | image_map = EU-United Kingdom.svg | alt_map = Two islands to the north-west of continental Europe. Highlighted are the larger island and the north-eastern fifth of the smaller island to the west. | map_caption = {{map_caption | countryprefix = | country = {{nobold|United&nbsp;Kingdom}} | location_color = cagaar | region = Europe | region_color = buni | subregion = [[Midowga Yurub]] | subregion_color = akhtar }} | languages_type = Luuqada koowaad<br />{{nobold|iyo tan wadanka}} | languages = [[Af-Ingiriis]] | languages2_type = '''Luuqado<br />kale''' | languages2 = <nowiki>Af-Kornish, Af-Irish, Af-Iscots]], Af-Iskot</nowiki>&nbsp;Gaelik<!--Keep "Scottish Gaelic"; people will find "Gaelic" confusing, as the Irish language is also commonly called "Gaelic"-->, {{nowrap|Ulster-Scots}}, Af-Welsh{{#tag:ref|Under the [[Council of Europe]]'s [[European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages]], Scots, Ulster-Scots, Welsh, Cornish, Irish and Scottish Gaelic, are officially recognised as [[Regional language|regional]] or [[minority language|minority]] languages by the [[Government of the United Kingdom|British Government]] for the purposes of the Charter. See also [[Languages of the United Kingdom]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://conventions.coe.int/treaty/Commun/ListeDeclarations.asp?CL=ENG&NT=148&VL=1|title=List of declarations made with respect to treaty No. 148|publisher=[[Council of Europe]]|accessdate=12 December 2013|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=12 Bisha Laba iyo Tobnaad 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131212175720/http://conventions.coe.int/treaty/Commun/ListeDeclarations.asp?CL=ENG&NT=148&VL=1|dead-url=yes}}</ref>}} | languages2_sub = yes | ethnic_groups = 87.1%&nbsp;[[Dadka cad]]<br />7.0%&nbsp;[[Aasiya]]an<br />3.0%&nbsp;[[Dadka Madoow]]<br />2.0%&nbsp;Isku-dhaf<br />0.9%&nbsp;Kuwo kale | ethnic_groups_year = [[2011]] | demonym = [[British]], Briton | capital = [[London]] | latd = 51 | latm = 30 | latNS = N | longd = 0 | longm = 7 | longEW = W | largest_city = capital | government_type = [[Dowlad]] [[Baarlamaan]] [[sharci]] | leader_title1 = [[Boqortooyo]] | leader_name1 = Charles III | leader_title2 = Keir Starmer '''PM''' | leader_name2 = | legislature = | upper_house = {{nowrap|Golaha Duqayda}} | lower_house = {{nowrap|Golaha Bulshada}} | sovereignty_type = Samaysanka | established_event1 = {{nowrap|Midowgii 1707}} | established_date1 = {{nowrap|1 May 1707}} | established_event2 = {{nowrap|Midowgii 1800}} | established_date2 = {{nowrap|1 January 1801}} | established_event3 = Madaxbanaanida Ireland | established_date3 = {{nowrap|5 December 1922}} | EUseats = 78. | area_rank = 80th | area_magnitude = 1 E11 | area_km2 = 242,495 | area_sq_mi = 93,628 | percent_water = 1.34 | population_estimate_rank = 22nd | population_estimate = 64,100,000<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/pop-estimate/population-estimates-for-uk--england-and-wales--scotland-and-northern-ireland/2013/index.html |title=Population Estimates for UK, England and Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland, Mid-2013|publisher=Office for National Statistics |accessdate=26 June 2014}}</ref> | population_census = 63,181,775<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/guide-method/census/2011/uk-census/index.html |title=2011 UK censuses |publisher=Office for National Statistics |accessdate=17 December 2012 |archive-date=31 Bisha Koobaad 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160131125807/http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/guide-method/census/2011/uk-census/index.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> | population_estimate_year = 2013 | population_census_year = 2011 | population_census_rank = 22aad | population_density_km2 = 255.6 | population_density_sq_mi = 661.9 | population_density_rank = 51aad | GDP_PPP_year = 2014 | GDP_PPP = $2.435 Trillion | GDP_PPP_rank = 10aad | GDP_PPP_per_capita = $37,744<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2014/02/weodata/weorept.aspx?sy=2013&ey=2014&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&pr1.x=46&pr1.y=7&c=112&s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC&grp=0&a= |title=United Kingdom |publisher=International Monetary Fund |accessdate=1 November 2014 }}</ref> | GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 27aad | GDP_nominal_year = 2022 | GDP_nominal_rank= 6th | GDP_nominal_per_capita = $47,141 | GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 22aad | GDP_nominal = $3.758 Trillion Dollars | Gini_year = 2022 | Gini_change = hoos u dhac | Gini = 32.8 | Gini_ref = <ref>{{cite web|title=Gini coefficient of equivalised disposable income (source: SILC)|url=http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=ilc_di12|publisher=Eurostat Data Explorer|accessdate=13 August 2013|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=4 Bisha Saddexaad 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304045123/http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=ilc_di12|dead-url=yes}}</ref> | Gini_rank = 33aad | HDI_year = 2013<!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year--> | HDI_change = joogto<!--increase, decrease, or steady--> | HDI = 0.892<!--number only, between 0 and 1--> | HDI_ref = <ref>{{cite web |url=http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr14-summary-en.pdf |title=2014 Human Development Report |date=14 March 2013 |accessdate=27 July 2014 | pages=22–25}}</ref> | HDI_rank = 14aad | currency = [[Pound £]] | currency_code = GBP | time_zone = [[Greenwich Mean Time|GMT]] | utc_offset = &#8203; | time_zone_DST = BST | utc_offset_DST = +1 | date_format = dd/mm/yyyy&nbsp;([[C.D]]) | drives_on = [[Wado marista baabuurta|bidix]] | calling_code = +44 |cctld = [[.uk]] <!--| national_motto = | religion = | footnotes = --> }} [[w:tr:United Kingdom]] [[W:Th:สหราชอาณาจักร]] '''Boqortooyada Ingiriiska''' ({{lang-en|United Kingdom of Britain}}; {{lang-ar|المملكة المتحدة}}) (loo soo gaabiyo '''[[UK]]''') ama sida kale loo yaqaan '''Boqortooyada Midowday''' waa wadan ku yaalo waqooyi galbeed qaarada [[Yurub]]. Midowga boqortooyadani waa [[gasiirad]] ka go'an qaarada Yurub inteeda kale….!!’ [[File:Thomas_Cook_Airlines_Boeing_767-31KER;_G-TCCB@MAN;14.05.2011_596gp_(5732967832).jpg|thumb|right|400px|]] [[File:Class_377s_at_London_Victoria_platforms_18_&_19.jpg|thumb|right|400px|]] [[File:London_Wembley.jpg|thumb|right|400px|]] [[File:Aston_Martin_DB9_-_Birmingham_-_2005-10-14_(2)_(cropped).jpg|thumb|right|400px|]] [[File:HMS_Tamar_sailing_past_Canary_Wharf_as_it_leaves_London_September_2020..jpg|thumb|right|400px|]] Britain waxee ka koobantahay, Gobolada [[Ingiriiska]], [[Skotland]], [[Waalis]] iyo [[Woqooyiga Irland]]. Wadanka Britain waa wadanka ugu badan caalamka xaga gumeysiga sida aysheegen qorayaasha calamku isagoo lagu xusuusto gumaysigii u caalamka intiisa badan ku gumaystey ahna imika wadanka caalamka ugu xooga badan waa wadan aad iyo aad dadkiisu xadaarada ugu dheerayan waana wadanka koobad ee dadka madow ictiraafay wadankaa waxaa lagu xasuusta doorkii uu ka qaatey dagaalki labaad ee aduunka waa door layaab leh isagoo Ingiriisku uu qabsadey caasimadii Hitler uu ka talinayey ee barlin isaga iyo maraykanka iyo farance inkastoo anay dawladahaa an hore kusoo xusay anay waxba ka qabsan balse uu isagu siyaasadii lagu qabsadey fikradeeda bixiyey go. Aankii lagu gaadhey magaalada london ee caasimada wadanka ingiriiska ee ahaa ina aduunka laga tirtiro xasuusta [[Adolf Hitler|Hitler]] oo la hirgaliyey [[1945]] oo laga qabsadey dhamaanba wadamadii ugumaysanayey iyo wadankii [[Jarmal]]ka. 1707 Falimaha Rasuullada Midawga Yurub waxay ku dhawaaqeen in Boqortooyada Ingriiska iyo Scotland ay ahaayeen "United hal boqortooyo Magaca Boqortooyada Ingiriiska", inkasta oo dawlad cusub ay sidoo kale lagu sharxay Falimaha Rasuullada "Boqortooyada Ingiriiska", "Boqortooyada Midowday "Boqortooyada Ingiriiska" iyo "One Kingdom". Ereyga "Boqortooyada Ingiriiska" waxaa laga helaa isticmaalka sida sharaxaad, laakiin maaha magac, qarnigii 18aad, waddankana marmarka qaarkood loo gudbiyo in kastoo qarniyadii danbe ay ahayd "Boqortooyada Ingiriiska", inkastoo magaceeda rasmiga ah oo buuxa, laga bilaabo 1707 ilaa 1800, wuxuu ahaa "Great Britain", oo aan lahayn "qaab dheer". Falimaha Rasmiga ah ee 1800 waxay midoobeen Boqortooyada Ingiriiska iyo Boqortooyada Ireland 1801, oo samaysay Boqortooyada Boqortooyada Ingiriiska iyo Ireland. Kadib qeybtii Ireland iyo madax-bannaanidii Irish Free State sanadkii 1922-kii, oo ka tagtay Northern Ireland oo ah qaybta kaliya ee jasiiradda Irland ee ku taal Boqortooyada Ingiriiska, magaca "Boqortooyada Great Britain iyo Northern Ireland". Ereyga "Britain" waxaa loo isticmaalaa labada isku mid ah Iskuullada Great Britain, iyo sida isku midka ah Boqortooyada Ingiriiska Isticmaalka waa isku dhafan yahay, BBC-da ayaa doorbideysa inay Britain u isticmaasho kaliya Ingiriiska oo keliya Britain iyo Dawladda Ingiriiska, inkasta oo ay aqbali karaan in labaduba tixraacaan Boqortooyada Ingiriiska, doorbidid, xaaladaha intooda badan, si ay u adeegsadaan ereyga UK halkii Ingiriiska. Inkasta oo Guddiga Joogtada ah ee UK ee Magacyada Juquraafiyiinta (oo qeexaya ay yihiin "magacyada joqoraafiga ah ee Boqortooyada Ingiriiska") waxay ku taxan yihiin "Boqortooyada Ingiriiska" iyo "UK ama U.K." sida gaaban oo loo soo gaabiyo shuruudaha geopolitical ee Boqortooyada Boqortooyada Ingiriiska iyo Waqooyiga Ayrland, laakiin ma liisto "Britain", waxaa loo isticmaalay "si aan rasmi ah" shabakadaha dowladda. Sifaynta "British" ayaa badanaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu tilmaamo arrimaha ku saabsan Boqortooyada Ingiriiska. Ereygan ma laha xidhiidh sharci oo qeexan, laakiin waxaa loo adeegsadaa sharciga si uu ugu gudbiyo muwaadinimada Ingiriiska iyo arrimaha muwaadiniinta. Dadka reer Boqortooyada Ingiriiska waxay isticmaalaan dhowr shuruudood oo kala duwan si ay u sharaxaan aqoonsigooda qaran waxayna u aqoonsan karaan inay yihiin British; ama sida ingiriiska, Scottish, Welsh, Irish Waqooyi ama Irish; ama labadaba. Welsh, magaca qaabka dheer ee gobolka waa "Teyrnas Unedig Prydain Fawr a Gogledd Iwerddon", iyada oo "Teyrnas Unedig" loo adeegsanayo magaca qaab gaaban bogagga dowladda. Si kastaba ha noqotee, waxaa badanaa loo soo gaabiyaa "DU" ee foomka isbedelka "Y Deyrnas Unedig". Scottish Gaelic, qaabka dheer waa "Rìoghachd Aonaichte Bhreatainn waa Èireann Tut" iyo foomka gaaban "Rìoghachd Aonaichte". Kadib dhammaadkii Dagaalkii Labaad ee Adduunka 1945, Ingiriiska wuxuu ahaa mid ka mid ah Afarta Weyn ee awoodda (oo ay weheliyaan Maraykanka, Midowga Soofiyeeti iyo Shiinaha) kuwaas oo la kulmay qorshe hawleedka dagaalka ka dib; wuxuu ahaa saxiixa asalka ah ee Baaqa Qaramada Midoobay. Ingiriiska wuxuu noqday mid ka mid ah shanta xubnood ee joogtada ah ee Golaha Amaanka ee Qaramada Midoobay wuxuuna si dhow ula shaqeeyay Maraykanka si loo dhiso IMF, Baanka Adduunka iyo NATO. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, dagaalku wuxuu ka tagay UK si aad u daciifiyay oo ku tiirsan dhaqaale ahaan qorshaha Marshall. Sannadihii ugu dambeeyay dagaalkii, xukuumadda Shaqaaluhu waxay bilowday barnaamij xagjir ah oo dib-u-habeyn ah, taas oo saameyn weyn ku yeelatay bulshada Britishka tobaneeyo sano ka dib. Warshadaha waawayn iyo adeegyada dadweynaha ayaa la qariyey, dawlad bulsho ayaa la aasaasay, iyo nidaam daryeel caafimaad oo dhameystiran oo dadweyne loo bixiyo, Adeegga Caafimaadka Qaranka, ayaa la sameeyay. Korodhka qaranimada ee gumeysiga ayaa ku habsaday xuduudaha dhaqaale ee Britain ee hadda taagan, sidaas darteed siyaasad-dejin la'aan ayaa ahayd mid aan la iska tuuri karin. Independence waxaa la siiyey [[Hindiya]] iyo [[Bakistaan]] sanadkii 1947. In ka badan saddexda sano ee soo socota, kolonyadii badankood ee Boqortooyada Ingiriisku waxay xorowday. Dad badan ayaa noqday xubno ka tirsan Commonwealth Nations.:• <Ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/english-speaking-countries</Ref>.:• ==Boqolkiiba IMF== 4.9% ==Xubin== *''[[G7]]''*` *''[[IMF]]''*` *'''[[Bankiga Aduunka]]'''* *` *'''[[Kooxda Labaatanka]]'''* *` *'''[[Qaramada Midoobay]]'''* *` ==Dadka Deggan United Kingdom== * {{flag|France}} 140,000+ * {{Flag|United States}}100,000+ * {{Flag|Egypt}} 50,000++ ==Sidoo kale fiiri== * {{Flag|Australia}} * {{Flag|Canada}} ==Tixraac== {{reflist}} {{Dalalka Yurub}} [[Category:Midowga boqortooyada Britan| ]] ih46yr9pzlhfirmeitwv9fnljv8l31b 0 4827 297046 296972 2026-05-08T00:22:32Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 297046 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Dalalka |native_name = Jaamcada(Wddmd)Carabta<Br/>'':.جامعة الدول العربية'' |conventional_long_name = Arabic Language States’</>.: |common_name = Arabic Language States:. Midowga Ummadda Carabta: |qaaradda = [[Afrika]],[[Aasiya]] &[[]] |sawir_calan = Flag of the League of Arab States.svg |sawir_qaran = Emblem of the Arab League.svg |image_map = |astaan_calan = Arab League States'" (orthographic projection).svg |image_map = League of Arab States.png File:Map of League of Arab States countries.png |caasimadda = [[Qaahiro]]: [[Baqdaad]]: &[[Dooxa]]:.:!!`?'!!’ |luuqadaha = [[Carabi|Af-Carabi]].:([[Af-Kurdish]]).:[[Af-Ingiriis]]; &[[Turki]]; & [[Af-Urdu]]; & [[Af-Faarisi]].::• |- |caasimada = [[Qaahiro]]:; [[Madiina]]: [[Baqdaad]]: & [[Dooxa]].:•!! |- |GDP_PPP= $35.177’ Trillions’ (€29,357’ trillions) * ([[List of countries by GDP (PPP)|4th]]) |GDP_PPP_year = (2025* Est.) |GDP_PPP_per_capita = $29,947.00’ |GDP_nominal = "$23.957"-$19.453’ Trillions’ |GDP_nominal_year = 2025 |GDP_nominal_per_capita = $24,459.00.!!’ |Gini_year = |Gini_change = <!--increase/decrease/steady--> |Gini = <!--number only--> |Gini_ref = |Dawladda = [[Dalalka jaamcada carabta]] |- |darajo_hogaamiye1 = [[Madaxweynaha]]:([[Sacuudi Carabiya]]):[[Salman bin 'Abd al-'Aziz Al Sa'ud]] |magac_hogaamiye1 = |- |darajo_hogaamiye2 = [[Xoghayaha Guud]]:[[Masar]]: [[Imaaraadka Carabta]]: |magac_hogaamiye2 = DR.(MR.).: Ahmed Aboul Gheit _* |MR. Syd. Gamal Abdel Nasser_* |MR. Syd. M. Husny MUBARAK _* |- |darajo_hogaamiye3 = [[Gudoomiye]]: [[Ciraaq]]:-) |magac_hogaamiye3 = (fm)MR. SADDAM HUSSAIN*.(A.M.A.)Al-Tikriti._* MR.Zine El Abidine “Ben ALI3”._* |- |darajo_hogaamiye4 = [[Guddoomiye Kuxigeen]]: [[Aljeeriya]]:-) [[Marooko]]:-) |magac_hogaamiye4 = MR.Prof. Abdelaziz B.TEFLIKHA_* MR.Syd. AlI3 A. SALEH (Al’A’Fmly.!)_* |- |sovereignty_type = '''Ka xoroobey''': |sovereignty_note = |[[Boqortooyada Ingiriiska]]''': '''[[Dawlada Cosmaniya]]''' & '''[[Faransiiska]]''': .:`~` |- |established_event1 = |established_date1 = |area = 13,953,041`* |areami² = 5,382,910`* |biyo = |population_estimate =455-425*Million<sup>3</sup> |population_estimate_year = 2022-2025* |lacagta = |Magaca internetka = &nbsp; |wakhti = [[(UTC+0 to +4)]] |furaha_debedda = |furaha internetka = Ir,Is,& tr.!!'? |furaha telefonka = + }} <ref>https://www.worldatlas.com/geography/arab-countries.html</Ref>.: '''Jaamacada Carabta''' ama '''Dowladda Jaamacadda Carabta''' waa urur kulmiya wadamada carabta.Waa urur kulmiya wadamo kuyaala [[Afrika]] iyo [[Aasiya]] xubnaha kujira waxaa looyaqaana dawldo caraba.waa dawlado wadaaga arimo dhaqaale iyo arimo siyaasadeed. waxaana ka dhexeeya xidhiidho aad iyo aad ubadan Wadamada xubnaha ka ah Jaamacadda Carabta waxay daboolayaan in ka badan 13,000,000 km2 (5,000,000 sq m) iyo waliba laba qaaradood oo kala duwan: Afrika iyo Aasiya. Goobtaasi waxay ka kooban tahay lamadegalka duurka, sida Sahara. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa sidoo kale ku jira dhulal badan oo aad u sarreeya sida Dooxada Nile, Dooxada Jubba iyo Dooxada Shebelle ee [[Geeska Afrika]], Buuraleyda Atlas ee Maghreb, iyo Bariiska Fertile ee sii fidiya Mesopotamia iyo Levant. Aagga ayaa ka kooban kaymo qoto dheer oo ku yaal koonfurta Carabta iyo qaybo ka mid ah webiga ugu dheer dunida, Niilka. Qowmiyad-kala-duwan, diini ah, iyo luuqado badan. Diin-badan, Luuqado badan, & Qowmiyado kala duwan.Luuqadaha badan, Qowmiyadaha kala duwan, & Diimaha badan; oo macneheedu yahay Dhaqamada kala duwan ee wayn. Jaartarka Jaamacadda Carabta, oo sidoo kale loo yaqaano Heshiiska Jaamacadda Carabta, ayaa ah heshiiskii aasaasay ee Jaamacadda Carabta. 1945-kii la aqbalay, waxa uu dhigayaa in "Ururka Jaamacadda Carabtu uu ka kooban yahay Dawladaha Carbeed ee madaxbannaan oo saxiixay Heshiiskan.". Markii hore, 1945, waxaa jiray lix xubnood oo keliya. Maanta, Jaamacadda Carabta waxay leedahay 22 xubnood, oo ay ka mid yihiin saddex dal oo Afrikaan ah oo ka kala yimi qaybaha ugu waaweyn (Sudan, Algeria iyo Liibiya) iyo waddanka ugu weyn ee Bariga Dhexe (Sacuudi Carabiya). Shan waddan waxay leeyihiin xaalad kormeeree oo xaq u siinaya inay muujiyaan ra'yigooda oo ay bixiyaan talo laakiin waxay diidaan xuquuqda codbixinta. [[Jaamacadda Carab]] tu waxay u qaybsantaa shan qaybood marka ay timaado gaadiidka, jasiiradda Carabta iyo Bariga dhow ayaa si buuxda ugu xiran hawada, badda, waddooyinka iyo tareenada. Qeyb kale oo ka mid ah League waa dooxada Niil, oo ka kooban Masar iyo Suudaan. Labadan dawladood waxay bilaabeen inay hagaajiyaan nidaamka Nile Nile ee habka safarka si loo wanaajiyo helitaanka iyo sida ganacsi loo korsado. Nidaamka tareenada cusub ayaa sidoo kale lagu wadaa inuu ku xiro magaalada koonfurta Masar ee Abu Simbel iyo waqooyiga Suudaan ee Wadi Halfa iyo ka dibna Khartoum iyo Port Sudan. Qaybta saddexaad ee horyaalka waa Maghreb, halkaas oo 3,000 km oo gawaarida gawaarida ah ay ka socdaan magaalooyinka koonfurta ee Morocco ilaa Tripoli oo ku yaala galbeedka Libya. Qaybta afaraad ee horyaalka waa Geeska Afrika, oo wadamada xubnaha ka ah ay ka mid yihiin Jabuuti iyo Soomaaliya. Labadan dawladood ee Carabta ayaa kala qaybiyay kaliya toban mayl u jirta jasiiradda Carabta ee Bab el Mandeb, taasina si dhakhso ah ayay isu bedeshaa, sida Tarik bin Laden, oo ah walaalkii Osama bin Laden, oo bilaabay dhisidda mashruuc ballaadhan ee mashruuca Horn Horns , kaas oo ugu dambeyntii ujeedkiisu yahay inuu ku xiro Geeska Afrika oo leh Jasiiradda Carabta adoo adeegsanaya buundo weyn. Mashruucan waxaa loogu talagalay in lagu fududeeyo oo la dedejiyo ganacsiga iyo ganacsiga qarniyadii hore ee u dhexeeyay labada gobol. Qaybta ugu dambeysa ee horyaalka waa jasiiradda go'doomin ee Comoros, taas oo aan ku xirnayn dawlad kale oo Carbeed ah, laakiin wali waxay la shaqaysaa xubnaha kale ee Arabic Languages. Jaamacadda Carabtu waxay hodan ku tahay khayraadka, sida saliid weyn iyo kheyraadka dabiiciga ah ee dalalka xubnaha ka ah. Warshad kale oo si joogta ah u sii kordhaysa ee Jaamacadda Carabtu waa isgaarsiin. Muddo ka yar 10 sano, shirkadaha maxaliga ah sida Orascom iyo Etisalat waxay ku guuleysteen inay tartan caalami ah sameeyaan. Horumarka dhaqaale ee ay bilowday Ururka Iskaashatada Wadamada xubnaha ka ah ayaa ka qosol badan kuwii ka soo baxay ururada yar yar ee Carabta sida Golaha Iskaashiga Khaliijka (GCC). Waxaa ka mid ah Pipeline Arab Pipeline, kaas oo gaas Masar iyo Ciraaq geyn doona [[Jordan]], [[Syria]], Lubnaan, iyo Palestine; Laga soo bilaabo 2013.:• isbeddel muuqda oo ka dhexeeya xaaladaha dhaqaale ayaa ka dhexeeya dalalka saliida ee saliida ee [[Algeria]], [[Qatar]], [[Kuwait]] iyo [[United Arab Emirates]], iyo dalalka soo koraya sida [[Comoros]], [[Jabuuti]], [[Mauritania]], [[Somaliland]] iyo [[Eratareya]] dda.!! Ururka Jaamacadda Carabtu waa urur siyaasadeed oo isku daya in uu gacan ka geysto sidii loo xoojin lahaa xubnaheeda dhaqaale ahaan, iyo xallinta khilaafaadka ku lug leh dalalka xubnaha ka ah adoon weydiisan kaalmo shisheeye. Waxay leedahay lahjado xubin baarlamaan ah oo wakiil ka ah arrimaha arrimaha dibedda sida badan waxaa lagu maareyn doonaa kormeerka QM.!!'? Jaangooyada Jaamacadda Carabta [5] waxay taageertay mabda'a dhulkii Carabta iyada oo la ixtiraamayo xushmadnimada dawladaha xubnaha ka ah. Xeerarka gudaha ee Golaha Jaamacadda [20] iyo guddiyada [21] waxay ku heshiiyeen Oktoobar 1951. Xoghaynta Guud waxaa lagu heshiiyay May 1953. Tan iyo markaas, maamulka Jaamacadda Carabtu waxay ku saleysnaayeen labadii hay'adood ee heer qaran iyo madax-bannaanida wadamada xubnaha ka ah. Ilaalinta dawladnimada shakhsi ahaaneed waxay ka heshay awoodeeda ka soo jeeda dabiiciga dabiiciga ah ee awooda xukunka ah si ay u ilaaliyaan awooddooda iyo madax-bannaanida go'aaminta. Intaa waxaa dheer, cabsida hodanka ah ee saboolka ah ee saboolka ah inuu la wadaagi karo hantidiisa magaca Ummadda Carabta, khilaafyada ka dhexeeya madaxda Carabta, iyo saamaynta awoodaha dibadda ee laga yaabo inay ka soo horjeedaan midnimada Carabta ayaa loo arki karaa caqabado dhinaca isdhexgalka qoto dheer ee horyaal . [[File:Camel factory Nablus December 2008.JPG|thumb|right|395px|Nablu, Palestine]] [[File:Raouda.JPG|thumb|right|View from the western side of the Hujra, [[Sacuudi Carabiya]].]] [[File:Burial of Muhammad.jpg|thumb|right|Wall of the Burial of the Prophet Muhammed (PBHM),[[Sacuudi Carabiya]].]] [[File:World Heritage Sites in the Arab World]] value: call: reading: source presentation: previous versions: Partially protected: Incomplete-document-purple.svg This entry must be completed : this entry lacks essential content. You may find details on the conversation page . You are invited to complete the missing parts and remove this message. Consider creating titles for chapters that require completion, and transfer the template to them. editing Disambiguate RTL.svg The term "Arab" redirects here. For the entry dealing with the island in the Persian Gulf, see Arab (island) . Arab Muslims Arabs & Muslims Al-Khansaa, Al-Khandi, Yohanan of Damascus, Philip the Arab, May Ziada, Asmahan, Gamal Abdel Nasser, Faisal the First Al-Khansaa , Al-Khandi , Yohanan of Damascus , Philip the Arab , May Ziada , Asmahan , Gamal Abdel Nasser , Faisal the First population 425 million Main population concentrations Arab countries some of the African countries see also: [[Israeli Arabs]] Languages: Arabic: religion: Islam: Christianity: Druze religion: related ethnic groups: Celestial peoples: [[Maltese]] , [[Jews]] , [[Samaritans]] and [[Assyrians]].!!'.!!’ Distribution of the Arabic language : A single official language.!! official shared language with the majority of Arab natives.!! Official shared language due to significant minorities, history, or cultural reasons. Arabs are a people of Semitic origin and an ethnic group from the Arabian Peninsula . After the emergence of Islam in the 7th century , the Arab population spread in the Middle East and North Africa in a series of waves of migration, conquest and cultural influence. Countries where the Arabs constitute a clear majority of the population are called " Arab countries ". Today, the name is used as a nickname for the natives of these countries, whose mother tongue is Arabic and the vast majority of them are Muslim (most of them Sunni ). The most common definitions for the name Arabs in thought and literature, in academic research and in the media, are: Politically : People who are citizens of countries that are members of the Arab League (or in a broader generalization, the Arab world), but not all Arab countries are members of the Arab League and these countries also have non-Arab citizens. This definition includes over 300-450 million people. The Arab Leagues includes several African countries, such as Djibouti , Comoros and Somalia , whose Arabic is one of their official languages ​​but whose inhabitants are not Arabs at all. And there are Arabs who are not citizens of these countries (for example, in the United States , Israel and European countries). Linguistic: people whose mother tongue is Arabic , or who at least speak Arabic in their daily and personal lives, even if they did not grow up using it. This definition includes over 200 million people who speak different dialects of the Arabic language. Ethnic - Genealogical - Racial : Humans who live, or whose ancestors lived in the Arabian Peninsula and whose genetic and physical characteristics are originally characterized mainly by the original inhabitants of the Arabian Peninsula . Cultural: people who see themselves as Arabs (regardless of ethnic and genealogical origins), whose culture and way of life are Arabs and are recognized as Arabs by others. The majority of Arabs are Muslims (mostly Sunnis and a minority of Shias’ and members of other minority classes), and a minority of them are Christians , Druze and others.[1] etymology: The word "Arab" in this meaning is mentioned in the Bible several times. Thus, for example, the book of Nehemiah mentions the " Arab rain " that some scholars identify with King Kedar .[2]Also in the Book of Kings, "the kings of the evening" are mentioned[3]And it seems that this phrase refers to the rulers of the Arabian Peninsula, with whom King Solomon had trade relations.[4]The word "Arab" also appears in the Bible in the meaning of the inhabitant of the steppe . In Semitic languages, as a rule, the root A.R.B carries the meanings of: west, sunset (evening), desert (Arab), mix, trade, crow and clear. All or some of them can have a connection to the origin of the name. [ source needed ] It is also possible that the name can have consonants and the origin of the name is actually in the root A.B.R. in connection with their nomadic way of life. [ source required ] In the Qur'an the word "Arab" does not appear as a noun but only as an adjective, for example, the Qur'an refers to itself as "Arab and clear" when the two attributes are related to each other. history: This chapter is lacking. Please contribute to Wikipedia and complete it . You may find details on the conversation page . BC The soldiers of the Assyrian Empire defeat "Gindibu, King of Arabia" riding a camel and his soldiers The first mention of the Arabs in writing is from an Assyrian inscription from 853 BC ( the Necessary Monolith ), in which King Shalmenser III named " Gindibu , King of Arabia" among the rulers he defeated in the Battle of Karkar . Starting from the Assyrian period and following the domestication of the camel, Arab traders played a central role In the trade between the ancient Near East and the Horn of Africa and ancient Yemen . There is evidence of trade relations of the peoples of the ancient Near East with the kingdoms of the inhabitants of the Arabian Peninsula, the main commercial relation between them was regarding myrrh and frankincense which were used in the perfume industry and were common in the Arabian Peninsula. An ancient Arabic inscription was found in a building from the days of the First Temple in the City of David , which indicates that a Jewish official who knew the language and had relations with one of the Arab kingdoms of the time lived there. The Nabataeans migrated in a massive migration at the end of the Persian period from the north of the Arabian Peninsula towards the south of Jordan and the Negev , they conquered and assimilated the remains of the Moabites and the Ammonites and pushed the Adomites north to the south of Mount Hebron in the territories of Judea.:• After counting: As a general rule, the great empires of the ancient world did not conquer the Arabian Peninsula, unlike the rest of the Middle East, even the Sasanian Empire , which ruled the eastern and southern coasts of the peninsula, did not reach the interior of the country or the western coastal region where the cities of Mecca and Medina are located - apparently for lack of interest economic in this desert region that cannot sustain fertile agriculture . Before Muhammad's time , the inhabitants of the Arabian Peninsula were idolaters?, Christians? or Jews? (descendants of Jewish exiles from the Land of Israel and also Arabs who converted under their influence, such as the Kingdom of Hamir ).!!’ The period before Muhammad is called in Islamic literature: "The Age of Ignorance", or the "Jahiliyyah" . During this period the inhabitants of the Arabian Peninsula were divided into the northern tribes and the southern tribes. The tribal tradition claimed that the people of the north are the descendants of Adnan and Ishmael , while the people of the south are the descendants of a legendary figure named Qahtan . When there are those who suggest that Kakhatan is Yakattan son of the biblical past.[6]In the Arabian Peninsula , nomadic tribes ( Bedouins ) and permanent tribes lived. The permanent tribes lived in cities or deserts and engaged in agriculture or trade . Unlike them, the nomadic tribes were engaged in escorting caravans that passed through the peninsula. Later there were also Arab groups who became Christians (see: Christian Arabs). After the rise of Islam and its consolidation in the Arab kingdoms, Muhammad and his army went north towards the territories of the Byzantine Empire and the Sasanian Empire , which were in a period of depression and enjoyed a lasting peace between them. Muhammad's ambition to conquer the world known until then was blocked in the territories of the Gulf of Eilat , and although he sent a letter to the Jews of Eilat (the Byzantine "doe") in which he ordered them to accept his new religion or prepare for their death, it was precisely Muhammad who met his death three years after declaring Islam as The "religion of truth" to control the other nations. The Arab conquest of the Land of Israel brought the Arabs to the Land of Israel , but they could not defeat the Byzantine Empire and were helped by Jewish collaborators who were tired of life as an oppressed and persecuted religious and cultural minority in their country and fought alongside the Arabs against the continuation of Byzantine rule. The Arabs treated the Jews and Christians in the Land of Israel as dhimmis , while the Samaritans , whom Muhammad did not know and therefore did not mention in the Koran as monotheists , were forced to convert to Islam by the force of the sword or die, and when they refused, they almost led to their destruction. After the Arab conquest of the Middle East , Arabs who migrated from the Arabian Peninsula spread to the occupied space: The [[Levant]] , [[Egypt]] and the [[Maghreb]] Greater countries . Later in the course of history, on the one hand, the majority of the conquered peoples began to see themselves as "Arabs" as well, even if it was only a cultural issue due to the Islamization of their country and people without blood ties to the Arab conquerors, and on the other hand, the immigration of Muslim pilgrims of non-Arab origin began The lands that were conquered towards the Arabian Peninsula for religious reasons etc. were assimilated into the local Arab population. The Arab-Muslim conquest also expanded into Europe , with the conquest of Spain by the Moors .!!'?'! see also Islam: Judaism-Islam relations; Israeli Arabs: for further reading: Bernard Lewis , The Arabs in History , Tel Aviv: Dvir Publishing , 1995. Albert Hourani , History of the Arab Nations , Tel Aviv: Dvir Publishing, 1996. Pierre Vidal-Naka (ed.), From the Arab Conquest to Imperial Islam, in: The History of the World from the Dawn of Mankind to the Present , Tel Aviv: Yediot Ahronoth Publishing; 993,pp. 7-10. aurchive Forigh Ministry of Saudi Arabia. Prince Saud Al-Fasiel. House of Al Saud Family….!!’?’… <Ref>https://stepfeed.com/7-facts-you-probably-don-t-know-about-the-arab-league-4490</Ref>.:• <Ref> https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/most-dangerous-countries-for-women>/Ref{{Dead link|date=Bisha Saddexaad 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}>.: “… Le saviez-vous ? Pour les stars du porno gay, être attirant n'a d'importance que dans le porno gay. Dans le porno hétéro, l'attention est presque toujours portée sur la star.…!!’..” <Ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/countries-with-most-beautiful-women </Ref>.: <Ref>https://armedforces.eu/compare/country_Arab_League_vs_European_Union_EU</Ref>.:• December 25, 2017 Special Dispatch No. 7246 Iraqi Kurdish leader Masoud Barzani's September 25, 2017 referendum on Kurdish independence sparked vehement opposition in Arab countries, as was expressed in statements by leaders and also by many articles in the Arab press. The main argument raised was that the Kurds are a tool of Israel – which is working to divide Iraq, and after that the rest of the Arab countries. As proof of this, they cited the Kurds' good relations with Israel and the fact that Israel is the only country that supports them. Along with this opposition, the Arab press also published a few articles defending the Kurds' right to independence and criticizing those who opposed it. These articles rejected the conspiracy theory – i.e. that Israel was backing the referendum, with the aim of dismantling an Arab country – and noted that the Arabs' refusal to tackle their own domestic problems posed more of a danger than Israel did. They also said that those who oppose the Kurdish referendum in the name of Arab unity and the Palestinian problem have made other mistakes over the years – such as also supporting Nazism and Communism. This, while they themselves were doing nothing for the Palestinians, and were even causing harm to the Palestinians within their own countries' borders. Iraqi Kurds wave Israeli flag along with Kurdistan flag. Image: Aljazeera.net, October; 2017 Arab Writers: It Is Not Israel That Created The Kurdish Problem, But Rather The Arab Regimes That Denied Their Rights. Jordanian journalist Fahd Al-Khitan wrote in the daily Al-Ghad under the title "It Is Not a Conspiracy": "The Arab logic immediately came up with a Zionist conspiracy as an explanation for the Kurds' insistence on seceding from Iraq and on holding a referendum several weeks ago. Proof of this conspiracy exists in abundance, since Israel effectively supported the Kurdish demand [for independence] and has been cultivating ties with certain Kurdish elements since the days of yore. But can the historic cause of the Kurds, which exists since before the founding of Israel, be reduced to this marginal fact? "Israel exploits regional crises to promote its own interests, that much is certain, and Arab and [other] regional forces do the same. We can present many exsamples of border disputes and political conflicts between states that have been exploited by Arab and foreign countries, [such as the conflicts] between Iran and Iraq, between Bahrain and Qatar, between Egypt and Sudan, and the Sahara conflict between Morocco and Algeria. These are all real problems, and the lack of willingness to resolve and settle them gives foreign forces an opportunity to exploit them for their own interests. "Israel did not create the Kurdish problem. The problem of the Kurds in Iraq, Syria, Turkey and Iran is a flagrant national product of countries and regimes that denied the legitimate national rights of the [Kurdish] people. Like any oppressed and persecuted nation, the Kurds are trying to enlist support for their cause, regardless of any other consideration. If Israel has indeed managed to infiltrate the Kurdish [ranks], this is nothing but a demonstration of the Arabs' failure to address their legitimate cause, and proof of the fragility of the Arabs' national security, which is breached from every direction – by Israel and by other forces. So don't blame it all on the Kurds. "The perception of the Kurdish issue involves no small measure of radical nationalism, for there is a strange insistence on merging the various components [of our societies] into an exclusively Arab identity, and on denying the right of non-Arabs to express their national and cultural identity. Whoever lifts up his head and demands his rights is [immediately] accused of serving Israel. Is Israel also behind the referendum in Catalonia? Several days ago, some regions in Italy [likewise] announced their wish to hold a referendum on secession, [but] we did not hear anyone in Italy accusing Israel and Zionism of being behind this move. And what about Britain, whose people voted to leave the European Union? Can Israel, which was created thanks to a British promise [the Balfour Declaration], be behind this as well? If Israel is really motivating the Kurds and pushing them to conspire against the Arab nation, why did the U.S., Israel's number one ally in the world, oppose Israel's will and interests and reject the referendum? "Using this warped national logic, we avoid dealing with our problems in the [[Arab world]]. We have made a habit of blaming others for our failure, not only in the Kurdish issue but in all the challenges we have faced, before and since the establishment of [[Israel]]. ][[Israel]] is no doubt the greatest enemy of the nation, but the enemy within is much more dangerous. "In the collapsing countries of the east, as well as in the old democracies, a desire for secession and independence is emerging. This is a great challenge for both the Arab reasoning and the Western reasoning, and confronting it requires creative and innovative thinking."[1] Lebanese Journalist: Why Do All Those Who Fought For The Palestinians' Right Of Self Determination Deny The Same Right To The Kurds? Lebanese journalist and political analyst Hazem Saghiya wrote in his column in the London-based Saudi daily Al-Hayat: "The minute [Kurdish leader] Masoud Barzani announced the decision to hold a referendum [on Kurdish independence], condemnations began to be heard of [the Kurds'] love of Israel: 'you are allies, partners and even agents of Israel.' Some people started digging into history – or even inventing it – in an effort to prove that the situation of the two sides [the Israelis and the Kurds] is identical... [The right to establish] an independent Palestinian state is a right that no reasonable person contests. Ideally, anyone who [demands] rights of his own should support and identify with all the just causes in the world. [But] the political reality does not always [correspond] to this ideal, for in the name of national rights, independence and hostility to Jewish immigration, most Arabs showed solidarity with Hitler and Nazism, and later, in the name of the very same rights, [they also] showed solidarity with the Soviet Gulag regime... These are positions that do not respect people's rights and even undermine them. Moreover, to this day, apologizing for them has not become a prominent part of Arab culture or ideology... "Iraqis who now holler about the friendship between the Kurds and Israel did not hesitate to treat the Palestinians in the worst possible manner. This happened immediately after the 2003 war [in Iraq], and the Iraqis and Palestinians still remember it... We [also] know that, in Syria and Lebanon, the impassioned calls to advance the Palestinian cause coincide with the most despicable treatment of Palestinians. How did the war on the [Palestinian refugee] camps[2] during the 1980s help the Palestinians liberate Palestine?! "The Palestinians' own behavior has not always been characterized by the justice in whose name they constantly speak, for they expressed sympathy for Saddam Hussein's attack on Kuwait and later for Assad's suppression of the Syrian majority that rose up in demand of freedom. They took part in the civil wars in Jordan and Lebanon, and their crimes against the rights of the Lebanese and Jordanians are comparable to the crimes of the Lebanese and Jordanians against their rights... So why are only the Kurds required to remain within the framework of a perfect correspondence between politics and justice? Or perhaps what is permitted to the master is not permitted to his slave?... "As for the Kurds and Israel, the Hebrew state was the only one that welcomed the Kurdish referendum. It probably welcomed it for reasons that were less than noble, having to do entirely with its own [interests], but it did so while others all over the region were [threateningly] baring their teeth at the Kurds. In this situation, can the Kurds be expected to burn the Israeli flag? What have we Arabs done for the Kurds that we can expect them to hate Israel with a passion?... "Moreover, since the Saddam Hussein era, the Palestinian cause has been used more than any other cause [as a means] to undermine the Kurdish issue and the Kurds' right [to independence], just as Bashar Al-Assad later used the Palestinian cause [to combat] the Syrians' [attempts] to oust his regime. Obviously, such conduct leaves psychological effects and scars in its victims, especially when no Palestinian voices are heard loudly condemning and opposing this use [of their cause]. "The obvious conclusion is that, in this region, we have what can be described as a mechanism of blackmail by means of [accusations of collaboration with] Israel. The Lebanese Christians know better than anyone else how they were subjected to such blackmail during the years of Syrian patronage [over Lebanon], and even the Palestinian leadership itself was not spared [this blackmail] when it tried to take its own national decisions, independently of the will of the Assad regime..."[3] Al-Hayat Columnist: The Claims Against The Kurds Have Been Disproved Hazem Al-Amin, another Lebanese columnist for the Saudi daily Al-Hayat, wrote cynically: "The Kurds' celebrations last month [over the referendum results] included waving Israeli flags – which pan-Arab eyes saw and made part of the Kurdish aspiration for independence. [They called the Kurdish state] 'an artificial state that is analogous to Israel.' Those with wounded pan-Arab sentiment have gone too far, [arguing that] not only is the future [Kurdish] state a product of Israel, but that it is also a partner in Tel Aviv's creation of ISIS, and wishes that the 200,000 Kurdish Jews in Israel will return to it. [They say] that the future [Kurdish] state is part of the Zionist plan to dismantle the region into small entities based on ethnicity and sect... "Much can be said against the independence referendum... but it also had an upside, because it made the Arabs expend tremendous energy on writing nonsense, as they haven't done in a long time. [This] revealed that the Ba'th [party], including its branches in Iraq and Syria, is not a random, fleeting phenomenon in the pan-Arab sentiment, but is fundamental; that ISIS is its cousin and suckled the same milk; and that the Arab defeat throughout the conflict with Israel is the result of ignoring the truth. Anyone who says that the Kurds want 200,000 Kurdish Jews to return to Kurdistan from Israel fails to notice that they [the Kurds], by means of their activity that stems from delusions, will in fact restore the situation to what it used to be, and will serve Palestine by correcting the mistake of the pan-Arabism of Rashid 'Ali Al-Kilani[4] and his nationalist Arab cohorts,[5] which motivated them to raid the Jews in Baghdad and send them to Israel with the aid of the Jewish Agency. "While pan-Arabism is forgiven for having abandoned Palestine, the Kurds are not forgiven for waving the Israeli flag at a moment of national intoxication... After all, they are Kurds, and they have no right to anger or mistakes, just as they are not allowed to dream of a state that was taken from them over a century ago. If they make a mistake, then [Hizbullah secretary-general] Mr. [Hassan] Nasrallah will come out to remind them that he will stand against any plan by [any] religious stream that divides the nation – when he [Nasrallah himself] apparently wants to unite [the nation] under the flag of the Rule of the Jurisprudent [of the Iranian regime] that has no connection to any [Sunni] religious stream... "ISIS too, which according to the offspring [of Rashid 'Ali Al-Kilani and Hajj Amin Al-Husseini] sold Iraqi territories to Israel via Kurdish middlemen, found a place in the version [of reality] of the opponents of the Kurdish state. According to the latter, ISIS is not Arab and does not belong to the Ba'th, [but rather] is Kurdish and Israeli. The offspring of Rashid Al-Kilani have in their possession documents proving this, that they sent to Mr. Nasrallah; he will reveal them in his next speech... "The Shi'ite Iraqi forces – once the allies of the Kurds in Iraq, in the post-Saddam era – united in a religious alliance [with Shi'ite Iran] that has no place for the Kurds' aspirations. And lo, they remind the Kurds of the Arabism of Kirkuk [which is actually Kurdish], while forsaking the Arabism of [the Shi'ite] Al-Najaf and of Karbala, and turning [the Sunni] Mosul, after its liberation from ISIS, into an Iranian metropolis. All this does not harm the offspring of Rashid 'Ali Al-Kilani [i.e. the Iraqis], as long as it is done by a strong tyrant [such as Saddam]. But the weak, such as the Kurds, have no right to dream of a state."[6] <Ref>https://www.worlddata.info/iq-by-country.php</Ref>.:• [1] Al-Ghad (Jordan), October 22, 2017. [2] This refers to a campaign waged by the Amal militia against the Palestinian refugee camps in Lebanon during the civil war in 1985-1986. Thousands of Palestinians were killed in the battles, and the Sabra, Shatila and Burj Al-Barajna refugee camps were almost completely destroyed, although Amal never managed to take over the camps. [3] Al-Hayat (London), October 3, 2017. [4] Iraqi politician Rashid 'Ali Al-Kilani (1892-1965), three-time Iraqi prime minister, led the 1941 rebellion that prompted the British to invade Iraq; in June of that year the Farhud, or pogrom, against the Jews of Baghdad took place. Al-Kilani fled to Nazi Germany, and was known for his connections to the Nazis and to Jerusalem Mufti Hajj Amin Al-Husseini. [5] A reference to the Arab nationalist movement, founded in Beirut in the 1920s. [6] Al-Hayat (London), October 3, 2017. <Ref>https://www.defensenews.com/home/2015/04/01/arab-league-sets-new-defense-force-at-40,000/{{Dead link|date=Bisha Saddexaad 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes}}</Ref>.: <Ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/countries-never-colonized</Ref>.::• <Ref>https://www.worldatlas.com/history/10-countries-which-have-never-been-colonised-by-europeans.html</Ref>.:• <Ref>https://amnesty.ca/features/5-death-penalty-myths-debunked/</Ref>.::• ==Waddamada “Jaamacadda Dowladdaha Carabta.”== {| class="sortable wikitable" |- ! Tirada !! Dalka !! [[Literacy]] rate |- |01.||[[File:Flag of Algeria.svg|191px]][[Aljeeriya]]<s> ||89.5<Ref name=p.192/>. |- |02.||[[File:Flag of Saudi Arabia.svg|193px]][[Sacuudi Carabiya]]<s>||93.5<Ref name=p.193/>. |- |03.||[[File:Flag of Kuwait.svg|192px]][[Kuwayt]]<s> ||93.4<Ref name="p.192"/>. |- |04.||[[File:Flag of Bahrain.svg|189px]][[Baxrayn]] ||93.4<Ref name=p.191/>. |- |05".||[[File:Flag of Japan.svg|189px]]<!'>[[Jabaan]]<'!> ||89.8<Ref name=p.190/>. |- |06.||[[File:Flag of Qatar.svg|189px]]<!!>[[Qatar]]<s> ||93.6<Ref name="p.191">[http://hdr.undp.org/en/media/HDR_2010_EN_Complete_reprint.pdf p. 192]</Ref>. |- |07"'.||[[File:Flag of Lebanon.svg|189px]][[lubnaan]] ||89.5<Ref name=p.190/>. |- |08'".||[[File:Flag of Egypt.svg|193px]][[Masar]]<s> ||91.8<Ref name=p.191/>. |- |09".||[[File:Flag of Jordan.svg|189px]]<!'>[[Urdun]]<'!> ||89.8<Ref name=p.190/>. |- |10".||[[File:Flag of Iraq.svg|191px]]<!>[[Ciraaq]]<!> ||89.8<Ref name=p.192/>. |- |11".||[[File:Flag of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic.svg|191px]]<S>[[SADR]]<s's!>||89.5<Ref name=p.191/> |- |12".||[[File:Flag of Oman.svg|189px]][[Cumaan]] ||93.4<Ref name=p.191/>. |- |13".||[[File:Flag of Morocco.svg|193px]]<!>[[Marooko]]<!'> ||75.4<Ref name=p.193/>. |- |14".||[[File:Flag of Tunisia.svg|189px]][[Tunisiya]]<s> ||78.98<Ref name=p.190/> |- |15".||[[File:Flag of Libya.svg|191px]]<'!>[[Libiya]]<!'> ||89.4<Ref name=p.193/>.: |- |17.".||[[File:Flag of Bangladesh.svg|192px]]<S>[[Bangladesh]]<s'!> ||93.4<Ref name="p.192"/>. |- |16".=||[[File:Flag of Syria.svg|191px]][[Suuriya]]<!> ||89.95<Ref name="p.192"/>. |- |18'.||[[File:Flag of Sudan.svg|189px]]<!>[[Suudaan]]<!'> ||69.39<REF name=p.190/>. |- |19'".||[[File:Flag of South Sudan.svg|189px]]<S>[[Koonfur Suudaan]]<s'?> ||89.8<Ref name=p.190/> |- |20."`.||[[File:Flag of Yemen.svg|193px]]<S'!>[[Yemen]]<s'!> ||69.98<REF name=p.189/>. |- |21.'"||[[File:Flag of Palestine.svg|189px]]<S!>[[Falastiin]]<s'!> ||69.3<REF name="p.189"/>. |- |22".||[[File:Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg|191px]]<!!>[[Imaaraatka Carabta]]<!>||89.5<Ref name=p.191/> |- |23"_.||[[File:Flag of Brunei.svg|189px]]<S>[[Barunay]]<s'> ||75.39<REF name=p.192/>. |- |24".||[[File:Flag of the Comoros.svg|189px]]<S>[[Komoros]]<s!> ||67.23<REF name=p.193/>.: |- |25_.||[[File:Flag of Seychelles.svg|189px]]<S>[[Fiktoria]]<s'!> ||67.57<REF name=p.192/>.: |- |26"_.||[[File:Flag of Armenia.svg|191px]]<S'!>[[MILITARY Of '"United Kingdom of Great Britain of N. Ireland;Ausies.!'& NZL; & Canadiens.!'!'(ex.Quebec.!'!'):Argentine ; Brazil;& Français; Mexico;& Italiano.!'!'; Espanayol.!'! & Portugalese.!'!'(United Arab Emirates.!'!.!'!]]<S'!> ||78.69<REF name=p.190/>. |- |} <Ref>https://www.museumwnf.org/league-of-arab-states/?page=LAS-missions-worldwide.php</Ref>.::.!'! <Ref>https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2023/05/18/5-facts-about-arabic-speakers-in-the-us/</Ref>.:• <Ref>https://interbrand.com/best-global-brands/?filter-brand/-sector=&filter-brand-region=asia-pacific&filter-brand-country=</Ref>.: <Ref>https://www.worlddata.info/alliances/arab-league.php</Ref>.: <Ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/water-quality-by-country</Ref>.: <ReF>https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/most-developed-countries-in-africa</ReF>.: ===Waddamada “Jaamacadda Dowladdaha Carabta.!'!”=== {| class="sortable wikitable" |- ! Tirada !! Dalka !! [[Literacy]] rate |- |01.".||[[File:Flag of Algeria.svg|191px]][[Aljeeriya]]<s> ||89.5<Ref name=p.192/>. |- |02.".||[[File:Flag of Saudi Arabia.svg|193px]][[Sacuudi Carabiya]]<s>||93.5<Ref name=p.193/>. |- |03.".||[[File:Flag of Kuwait.svg|192px]][[Kuwayt]]<s> ||93.4<Ref name="p.192"/>. |- |04.".||[[File:Flag of Bahrain.svg|189px]][[Baxrayn]] ||93.4<Ref name=p.191/>. 190/>. |- |06.".||[[File:Flag of Qatar.svg|189px]]<!!>[[Qatar]]<s> ||93.6<Ref name="p.191"/>. |- |07.".||[[File:Flag of Korea.svg|189px]]<S>[[Kuuriya]]<s!> ||89.8<Ref name=p.190/>. |- |08."'.||[[File:Flag of Lebanon.svg|189px]][[lubnaan]] ||89.5<Ref name=p.190/>. |- |09'".||[[File:Flag of Egypt.svg|193px]][[Masar]]<s> ||91.8<Ref name=p.191/>. |- |10.".||[[File:Flag of Jordan.svg|189px]]<!'>[[Urdun]]<'!> ||89.8<Ref name=p.190/>. |- |11".||[[File:Flag of Iraq.svg|191px]]<!>[[Ciraaq]]<!> ||89.8<Ref name=p.192/>. |- |12".||[[File:Flag of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic.svg|191px]]<!?>[[SADR]]<!>||89.5<Ref name=p.191/> |- |13".||[[File:Flag of Oman.svg|189px]][[Cumaan]] ||93.4<Ref name=p.191/>. |- |14".||[[File:Flag of Morocco.svg|193px]]<!>[[Marooko]]<!'> ||75.4<Ref name=p.193/>. |- |15".||[[File:Flag of Tunisia.svg|189px]][[Tunisiya]]<s> ||78.98<Ref name=p.190/> |- |16".||[[File:Flag of Libya.svg|191px]]<'!>[[Libiya]]<!'> ||89.4<Ref name=p.193/>.: |- |17.".||[[File:Flag of Bangladesh.svg|192px]]<S>[[Bangladesh]]<s'!> ||93.4<Ref name="p.192"/>. |- |18.||[[File:Flag of Syria.svg|191px]][[Suuriya]]<!> ||89.95<Ref name="p.192"/>. |- |19."'.||[[File:Flag of Sudan.svg|189px]]<!>[[Suudaan]]<!'> ||69.39<REF name=p.190/>. |- |19.'".||[[File:Flag of South Sudan.svg|189px]]<S>[[Koonfur Suudaan]]<'!> ||89.8<Ref name=p.190/> |- |20."`.||[[File:Flag of Yemen.svg|193px]]<!>[[Yemen]]<!> ||69.98<REF name=p.189/>. |- |21.'."'"||[[File:Flag of Palestine.svg|189px]]<!>[[Falastiin]]<!'> ||69.3<REF name="p.189"/>. |- |21.".||[[File:Flag of Pakistan.svg|191px]]<S>[[Bakistaan]]<s'>||69.5<Ref name=p.194/>.: |- |22.".||[[File:Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg|191px]]<!?>[[Imaaraatka Carabta]]<!>||89.5<Ref name=p.191/> |- |23."_.||[[File:Flag of Brunei.svg|189px]]<S>[[Barunay]]<s'!> ||75.39<REF name=p.192/>. |- |24.".||[[File:Flag of the Comoros.svg|189px]]<S>[[Komoros]]<s!> ||67.23<REF name=p.193/>.: |- |25.".||[[File:Flag of France.svg|189px]]<S>[[Marseilles]]<S'!> ||67.23<REF name=p.193/>.: |- |26.".||[[File:Flag of Chad.svg|191px]]<S>[[Injamiina]]<s'!>||69.5<Ref name=p.194/>.: |- |27._.||[[File:Flag of Seychelles.svg|189px]]<S>[[Fiktoria]]<s!'> ||67.57<REF name=p.192/>.: |- |28."_.||[[File:Flag of Eritrea.svg|191px]]<S>[[Soviet. 3mpire.!'!']]<s!'?> ||78.69<REF name=p.190/>. |- |29.".||[[File:Flag of Somalia.svg|191px]]<S>[[Somalie.!'?]]<s'!>||89.5<Ref name=p.191/>. |- |30."_.||[[File:Flag of Djibouti.svg|191px]]<S'>[[Jabuuty.!'!]]<s'> ||78.69<REF name=p.190/>. |- |} <Ref>https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2023/05/18/5-facts-about-arabic-speakers-in-the-us/</Ref>.:• <Ref>https://interbrand.com/best-global-brands/?filter-brand/-sector=&filter-brand-region=asia-pacific&filter-brand-country=</Ref>.: <Ref>https://www.worlddata.info/alliances/arab-league.php</Ref>.: <Ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/water-quality-by-country</Ref>.: [<Ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/arabic-speaking-countries</Ref>]. <Ref>https://ar.wikihow.com/النجاة-من-زلزال-أرضي</Ref>.: <Ref>https://industryarabic.com/arabic-facts-statistics/</Ref>.:• <Ref>https://industryarabic.com/how-many-countries-speak-arabic/</Ref>.: <Ref>https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9b/Map_of_League_of_Arab_States_countries.png</Ref>.: |- <Ref>https://www.worlddata.info/alliances/arab-league.php </Ref>.: <Ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/arabic-speaking-countries</Ref>.: [<Ref>https://www.visualcapitalist.com/visualizing-corruption-around-the-world/</Ref>]. <Ref>{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/dj.html |access-date=2011-06-28 |archive-date=2020-05-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200504070831/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/dj.html |dead-url=yes }}</Ref>. [<Ref>{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|url=https://www.numbeo.com/crime/rankings_by_country.jsp |access-date=2022-08-26 |archive-date=2019-05-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190502031038/https://www.numbeo.com/crime/rankings_by_country.jsp |dead-url=yes }}</ref>]. |- [<Ref>https://livingcost.org/cost</Ref>] |- <Ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/most-hated-country </Ref>.:• <Ref>{{Cite web|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=https://wisevoter.com/country-rankings/average-iq-by-country/ |access-date=2023-09-19|archive-date=2023-09-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230922122032/https://wisevoter.com/country-rankings/average-iq-by-country/|dead-url=yes}} </Ref>.: |- <Ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/countries-with-death-penalty</Ref>.:• |- <Ref>https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/the-highest-literacy-rates-in-the-world.html</Ref>.:•<!!'?>.:• |_ <Ref>https://www.thegospelcoalition.org/article/common-confusions-arabs-muslims/</Ref>.: |- <Ref>https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/10/10/somalia-eritera-and-egypt-pledge-to-bloster-security-ties</Ref>.: |} |- [<Ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/arabic-speaking-countries</Ref>]. |- <Ref>https://ar.wikihow.com/النجاة-من-زلزال-أرضي</Ref>.: |- <Ref>https://industryarabic.com/arabic-facts-statistics/</Ref>.:• |- <Ref>https://industryarabic.com/how-many-countries-speak-arabic/</Ref>.: |- <Ref>https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9b/Map_of_League_of_Arab_States_countries.png</Ref>.: |- <Ref>https://www.worlddata.info/alliances/arab-league.php </Ref>.: |- <Ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/arabic-speaking-countries</Ref>.: |- <Ref>{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/dj.html |access-date=2011-06-28 |archive-date=2020-05-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200504070831/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/dj.html |dead-url=yes }}</Ref>. [<Ref>{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|url=https://www.numbeo.com/crime/rankings_by_country.jsp |access-date=2022-08-26 |archive-date=2019-05-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190502031038/https://www.numbeo.com/crime/rankings_by_country.jsp |dead-url=yes }}</ref>]. |- [<Ref>https://livingcost.org/cost</Ref>] |- <Ref>{{Cite web|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=https://wisevoter.com/country-rankings/average-iq-by-country/ |access-date=2023-09-19|archive-date=2023-09-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230922122032/https://wisevoter.com/country-rankings/average-iq-by-country/|dead-url=yes}} </Ref>.: <Ref>https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/the-highest-literacy-rates-in-the-world.html</Ref>.:•<!!'?>.:• |_ <Ref>https://www.thegospelcoalition.org/article/common-confusions-arabs-muslims/</Ref>.: |- [<Ref>https://www.visualcapitalist.com/visualizing-corruption-around-the-world/</Ref>]. <Ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flag_of_Europe</Ref>.: |- <Ref>https://english.alarabiya.net/articles/2011%2F05%2F05%2F147980</Ref>.: |- <Ref>https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/10/10/somalia-eritera-and-egypt-pledge-to-bloster-security-ties</Ref>.: |- <Ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/most-hated-country </Ref>.:• |- <Ref>https://www.unescwa.org/news/escwa-releases-new-report-real-sizes-arab-economies-between-2017-and-2023</Ref>.:• |- |} ==Bassborka Jaamacada Carabta== <gallery mode="traditional" caption="" class="center"> File:Algerian passport.jpg|{{flagicon|Algeria}}[[Algerian passport|Algeria]]<Br/>[[File:EPassport logo.svg|23px]]{{flagicon|Pakistan}}. File:Cover of Mauritanian Biometric Passport.png|{{flagicon|Algeria}}<Br/>[[File:EPassport logo.svg|16px]]{{flagicon|Mauritania}}.` File:New_Egyptian_Passport.jpg|{{flagicon|Egypt}}[[Egyptian passport|Egypt]][[File:EPassport logo.svg|25px]]{{flagicon|Syria}}.` File:Libyan_New_Passport.jpg|{{flagicon|Libya}}[[Libyan passport|LBY]][[File:EPassport logo.svg|19px]]{{flagicon|Mauritania}}.` File:BioPassMaroc.JPG|{{flagicon|Morocco}}[[Moroccan passport|MAR]][[File:EPassport logo.svg|21px]]{{flagicon|Tunisia}}. File:Passeport Tunisie 2014.jpg|{{flagicon|Tunisia}}[[Tunisian passport|Tunisia]][[File:EPassport logo.svg|16px]]{{flagicon|TN}}. File:Cover of Iraqi Passport.jpg|{{flagicon|Iraq}}[[Iraqi passport|Iraq]]<Br/>[[File:EPassport logo.svg|23px]]{{flagicon|Palestine}}.` File:The New Lebanese Biometric Passport.jpg|{{flagicon|Lebanon}}[[Lebanese Passport|Lebanon]]<Br/>[[File:EPassport logo.svg|21px]]{{flagicon|Libya}}. File:Saudi Arabia Passport.svg|{{flagicon|GCC}}{{flagicon|Oman}}[[Omani passport|Oman]]<Br/>[[File:EPassport logo.svg|25px]]{{flagicon|Saudi Arabia}} File:Bahraincover.png|{{flagicon|GCC}}{{flagicon|Qatar}}[[Bahraini passport|Bahrain]][[File:EPassport logo.svg|21px]]{{flagicon|Bahrain}}. File:Kuwait passport.png|{{flagicon|GCC}}{{flagicon|Kuwait}}[[Kuwaiti passport|Kuwait]][[File:EPassport logo.svg|21px]]{{flagicon|United Arab Emirates}}. File:Qa.png|{{flagicon|GCC}}{{flagicon|Bahrain}}[[Qatari passport|Qatar]]<Br/>[[File:EPassport logo.svg|21px]]{{flagicon|Qatar}}. File:Saudi Arabia Passport.svg|{{flagicon|GCC}}{{flagicon|Saudi Arabia}}[[Saudi Arabian passport|Saudi Arabia]][[File:EPassport logo.svg|25px]]{{flag|United Arab Emirates}}. File:Jordanian Passport.jpg|{{flagicon|Jordan}}[[Philistine passport|Jordan]][[File:EPassport logo.svg|21px]]{{flagicon|Palestine}}.!!` File:UAE Passport.svg|{{flagicon|GCC}}{{flagicon|United Arab Emirates}}[[File:EPassport logo.svg|23px]][[Emirati passport|United Arab Emirates]]{{flagicon|Palestine}}.!!` File:Regular Syrian Passport.jpg|{{flagicon|Syria}}[[Syrian passport|Syria]]<Br/>[[File:EPassport logo.svg|23px]]{{flagicon|Palestine}}.!!` File:Yemen Passport.svg|küçükresim|Yemen pasaportu]]|{{flagicon|Yemen}}[[Yemeni passport|Yemen]]<Br/>[[File:EPassport logo.svg|21px]]{{flagicon|Palestine}}.!!` File:Sudan passport cover.JPG|{{flagicon|Sudan}}[[Sudanese passport|Sudan]]<Br/>[[File:EPassport logo.svg|21px]]{{flagicon|Palestine}}.!!` File:Sahrawi passport.jpg|{{flagicon|ESH}}[[Sahrawi passport|ESH]]<Br/>[[File:EPassport logo.svg|16px]]{{flagicon|MAR}}.!!`?`!!`? File:Somaliland Passport Cover.svg|{{flagicon|Tunisia}}[[Somali passport|Somaliland]]<Br/>[[File:EPassport logo.svg|19px]]{{flagicon|Maldives}}.!!`? File:Cover of Eritrean Passport.jpeg|{{flagicon|Eritrea}}[[Djibouti passport|Djibouti]]<Br/>[[File:EPassport logo.svg|14px]]{{flagicon|Djibouti}}. File:Cover of Chadian Passport.jpg|{{flagicon|Chad}}[[Chadian passport|Chad]]<Br/>[[File:EPassport logo.svg|21px]]{{flagicon|SYC}}.!!`? <Ref>https://visaindex.com/country/chad-passport-ranking/</Ref>.!!`? <Ref>https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2019/9/19/tunisian-autocrat-ben-ali-dies-in-saudi-exile</Ref>.: !!`?`!!`?'?!' </gallery> [[File:Comorian Passport.png|120px]][[Comorian passport|Comoros]]<Br/>[[File:EPassport logo.svg|16px]]{{flagicon|Comoros}}.!!`? [[File:Official Portrait of King Abdulaziz.jpg|thumb|central|King Faisal bin Abdulaziz.jpg: "as" King of [[Sacuudi Carabiya]].]] [[File:Ring with engraved portrait of Ptolemy VI Philometor (3rd–2nd century BCE) - 2009.jpg|thumb|Center|25xp|Crown of Ptolemy VI Philometor as [[Egyptian]] Pharoah. Louvre Museum.: [[Baaris]];[[France]].)]] <Ref>https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/King_of_Saudi_Arabia</Ref>.::.::.:: [[File:Bangladeshi E-Passport.svg|125px]][[Bangladesh passport|Bangladesh]][[File:EPassport logo.svg|11px]]{{flagicon|Pakistan}}.: [[File:JapanpassportNew10y.PNG|21px]]|{{flagicon|Japan}}[[Persian|Japan]].:[[File:KOR ePassport.jpg|25px]]{{flagicon|Korea}}PR"China.: [[File:Manara clocktower.JPG|thumb|Manara]][[https://www.worlddata.info/languages/arabic.php]]..!!’ [[File:16-03-31-Hebron-Altstadt-RalfR-WAT 5717.jpg|thumb|right|195px|Exterior view with (I.& P.Guard):; Isrealian Police.&_.Philistianian Police Guard]] <Ref>https://www.refworld.org/legal/constinstr/las/1945/en/13854</Ref> [[File:Old city of Nablus.JPG|thumb|right|Alley in the Old City leading to and from the [[souk]], 20018]] [[File:Nineveh Nebi Yunus Excavation Bull-Man Head.JPG|thumb|right|196px|[[Lamassu|Winged Bull]] excavated at Nebi Yunus by Iraqi/?\Irani (Persian.!) archaeologists]],`~` <Ref> {{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=https://theculturetrip.com/middle-east/iran/articles/why-iran-is-not-an-arab-country/ |access-date=2023-04-23 |archive-date=2023-04-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230423051219/https://theculturetrip.com/middle-east/iran/articles/why-iran-is-not-an-arab-country/ |dead-url=yes }} </Ref>.::. After killing an [[Egyptian]] slave-master who was beating a [[Hebrew]]; [[Moses]] fled across the [[Red Sea]] to Midian, where he encountered the Angel of the Lord, speaking.!'! … https://www.quora.com/Why-are-the-present-day-Egyptians-predominantly-Arabs-despite-the-fact-that-the-ancient-Egyptians-where-not.:.: [[File:Turkish Passport.svg|21px]]|{{flagicon|Korea}}[[Turkish passport|Turkish]][[File:EPassport logo.svg|25px]]{{flagicon|Turkey}}.: From Britannica and Wikipedia and "World" Libraries.!!` [[Arabs]] are the people of an [[ethnic]] group who come from the [[Arabian Peninsula]] and speak the [[Arabic language]] . According to [[Jewish]] and [[Arab]] tradition, they are the grandchildren of [[Ishmael]] , the son of Avraham Abino . Content 1 The Arab world. 2 Religion. 2.1 Ancient times. 3 The Arabic language's. 4 History and civilization. 5 Arab events. 6 Ottoman decline: 7 The question of Palestine: 8 Arab relations with Arab Jews: The [[Arab world]]: The [[Arab world]] covers most of the countries in the [[Middle East]] and North [[Africa]] except [[Iran]] , [[Turkey]] and [[Bakistaan]] , and the Land of [[Israaiil]].!!'? The Arab countries are: [[Algeria]] , [[Baxrayn]] , [[Egypt]] , [[Iraq]] , [[Jordan]] ,[[Kuwait]] , [[Lubnaan]] , [[Libya]] , [[Marooko]] , [[Cumaan]] ,[[Komoros]], [[Qatar]] , [[Sacuudi Carabiya]] , [[Suudaan]] , [[Suuriya]] , [[Tunisia]] , the [[United Arab Emirates]] , [[Mauritania]], [[Jad]], and [[Yemen]]; [[Eratareya]]; Plus The Whole* [[Somaliland]] are also included even if the [[Soomaalida]].: They Don't "ALLOW" to speak [[Arabic]] [[Language]]; "Economically"; and "Gegraphically"; & "Politically"..Just like [[Turkiga]]; [[Iiraan]] ta but In "African Continent" NOT "ASIAN".• .!!`?'!.! In addition, approximately two million Arabs also live in the occupied areas of the [[West Bank]] and [[Gaza]] in the State of Israel . Almost one million Arabs also live in Israel itself. Arabs also moved to many places in the world especially [[Europe]] and [[Americas]]. Arabs are a diverse people, but there are some elements that unite them. The most important of them are the Islamic beliefs and the Arabic language, and the culture and history associated with them.!!'? One day, after [[Moses]] had reached adulthood, he killed an [[Egyptian]] who was beating a [[Hebrew]]. To escape [[Pharaoh's death penalty]], [[Moses]] fled to Midian (a desert country south of Judah), where he married [[Zipporah]].::. ==Religion and Science.!!'?== The largest part of Arabs are Muslims . There are also many Christian Arabs, especially in Lebanon , Syria , Egypt , and the Palestinian territories . Islam was found in the Arabian Peninsula in the 6th century. It spread quickly over a large part of Asia and Africa , and that is why today there are many Muslims who are not in the [[Arab world]]. Islam, Arab and non-Arab, has two parts: Sunni and Shua . Sunni Islam is the greater part, and most Arabs are Sunni, but in some countries the majority are Shua, mainly Iraq and Bahrain . ==Ancient times.!!'== Until Islam came, most Arabs were polytheists . Some tribes of Arabs under the Hamid kingdom converted to Judaism, or accepted the Christian religion. ==The Arabic languages.!!'== Postscript-viewer-shaded.png See the main article - Arabic Arabic belongs to the family of Semitic languages, together with the holy Hebrew (22 & 23) , and Aramaic. Although Arabic is the giant Semitic out there, The Language 28-31* …letters, and they are written from right to left…...!!’?’!!’? “…. Arabic is another language with a non-Latin alphabet. Though it consists of 28* characters, the complex Arabic script is still often said to be quite hard to learn. Arabic grammar is very different from English grammar, and Arabic is a highly gendered language……” There are three main versions of the Arabic language: 1st. Quranic or Classical, 2nd. Modern Standard, and 3rd. Colloquial or Daily.!!’ Roughly 25* Dialects fall under these three versions, with some mutually unintelligible and others barely different. As a language learner, deciding to learn Arabic’s is the first step.!!’ “….Arabic developed hundred thousand years ago among the Bedouins in the deserts of Arabian Peninsula..”!!’ Its growth was aided by the tradition of poetry which was very advanced in its oral form before it was written down. With the advent of Islam , the Koran became the model of the Arabic language.:• ==History and Civilization.!!'== The name Arab to refer to the nomads and camel leaders of northern Arabia is already found in writings from almost three thousand years ago. Later, the term was used for all the inhabitants of the Arabian Peninsula and Surrounding Arae . Arabs were then a society of tribes. They were grouped according to their family and genealogy, and referred to a single lineage. The Arab society, however, was fragmented thanks to the very difficult conditions of living in the deserts, and therefore there were often fights between tribes and families. It did not appear any Arab country until the arrival of Islam.!!'?' ==Arabic performances.!!'== Islamic civilization, Arab and non-Arab, flourished during the era of the Abbasid caliphs, who ruled over the entire Islamic world from their capital in Baghdad in the years 750 to 1258. The rise of Islamic civilization includes Advances in literature , philosophy , and medicine . Greek philosophy such as the works of Plato and Aristotle were translated into Arabic. Islamic medical writings were used in Europe until the 1600s. Arab sages also made great advances in mathematics. The numbers we use today are called "Arabic numbers" because they were developed by the Arabs and Muslims. Also the division of mathematics "algebra" is an Arab invention, and comes from the Arabic word "Al-Dzabr". ==Ottoman "Turks" decline and " “Arab’s Pple’s League's” World Rise".!!'== At its peak, the Arab world was the most advanced civilization in the world. They possessed incredible wealth, and they led the entire trade between Asia and Europe. Its later rulers became the Ottoman Turks and with the decline of the Ottoman Empire in the 1800s, and 1850s the flourishing of Arab and Islamic culture began to decline with them.!! Many Arab countries then came under the rule of European Colonizing powers. At the end of the First World War 1, the Ottoman Empire collapsed, and Most of the Arab countries were under European rule.!!’?’ ==The question of Palestin.!!'?== Throughout the First World War , the British promised Arab leaders that Palestine would be included in the territories that would go to the Arabs for independence. The British then promised Palestine to the leaders of the Zionist movement. The history of the Arab-Israeli conflict lies in the mutual promises, as well as the Arab opposition to a Jewish state in the region. ==Arab Muslims relations with Arab Jews.!!'== After the mid-1940s, the situation changed drastically, almost all Arab countries were literally emptied of Jews one after the other, the Polish Arabs have a bitter hatred towards the Jews, almost no Jews are seen before their eyes. The Neturi Karta say that this is a direct result of the movement of Zionism, and later the creation of the Jewish land. Categories : ==Islamic.!!'/|\.Moslim States.!!'?== At its peak, the Arab world was the most advanced civilization in the world. They possessed incredible wealth, and they led the entire trade between Asia and Europe. Its later rulers became the Ottoman Turks and with the decline of the [[Ottoman Empire]] in the 1900s, the flourishing of [[Arab]] and [[Islamic]] culture began to decline with them. Many Arab countries then came under the rule of [[European]] powers. At the end of the First World War , the Ottoman Empire collapsed, and many Arab countries were under [[European]] rule.!!` <Ref>https://wikiislam.github.io/wiki/Muslim_Statistics_-_Pornography.html</Ref>.: ==Warka== December 25, 2017 Special Dispatch No. 7246 [[Iraqi]] [[Kurdish]] leader Masoud Barzani's September; 2017 referendum on Kurdish independence sparked vehement opposition in [[Arab countries]], as was expressed in statements by leaders and also by many articles in the Arab press. The main argument raised was that the Kurds are a tool of Israel – which is working to divide Iraq, and after that the rest of the Arab countries. As proof of this, they cited the Kurds' good relations with Israel and the fact that Israel is the only country that supports them. Along with this opposition, the Arab press also published a few articles defending the Kurds' right to independence and criticizing those who opposed it. These articles rejected the conspiracy theory – i.e. that Israel was backing the referendum, with the aim of dismantling an Arab country – and noted that the Arabs' refusal to tackle their own domestic problems posed more of a danger than Israel did. They also said that those who oppose the Kurdish referendum in the name of Arab unity and the Palestinian problem have made other mistakes over the years – such as also supporting Nazism and Communism. This, while they themselves were doing nothing for the Palestinians, and were even causing harm to the Palestinians within their own countries' borders. Iraqi Kurds wave Israeli flag along with Kurdistan flag. Image: Aljazeera.net, October 2, 2017 Arab Writers: It Is Not Israel That Created The Kurdish Problem, But Rather The Arab Regimes That Denied Their Rights Jordanian journalist Fahd Al-Khitan wrote in the daily Al-Ghad under the title "It Is Not a Conspiracy": "The Arab logic immediately came up with a Zionist conspiracy as an explanation for the Kurds' insistence on seceding from Iraq and on holding a referendum several weeks ago. Proof of this conspiracy exists in abundance, since Israel effectively supported the Kurdish demand [for independence] and has been cultivating ties with certain Kurdish elements since the days of yore. But can the historic cause of the Kurds, which exists since before the founding of Israel, be reduced to this marginal fact? "Israel exploits regional crises to promote its own interests, that much is certain, and Arab and [other] regional forces do the same. We can present many exsamples of border disputes and political conflicts between states that have been exploited by Arab and foreign countries, [such as the conflicts] between Iran and Iraq, between Bahrain and Qatar, between Egypt and Sudan, and the Sahara conflict between Morocco and Algeria. These are all real problems, and the lack of willingness to resolve and settle them gives foreign forces an opportunity to exploit them for their own interests. "Israel did not create the Kurdish problem. The problem of the Kurds in Iraq, Syria, Turkey and Iran is a flagrant national product of countries and regimes that denied the legitimate national rights of the [Kurdish] people. Like any oppressed and persecuted nation, the Kurds are trying to enlist support for their cause, regardless of any other consideration. If Israel has indeed managed to infiltrate the Kurdish [ranks], this is nothing but a demonstration of the Arabs' failure to address their legitimate cause, and proof of the fragility of the Arabs' national security, which is breached from every direction – by Israel and by other forces. So don't blame it all on the Kurds. "The perception of the Kurdish issue involves no small measure of radical nationalism, for there is a strange insistence on merging the various components [of our societies] into an exclusively Arab identity, and on denying the right of non-Arabs to express their national and cultural identity. Whoever lifts up his head and demands his rights is [immediately] accused of serving Israel. Is Israel also behind the referendum in Catalonia? Several days ago, some regions in Italy [likewise] announced their wish to hold a referendum on secession, [but] we did not hear anyone in Italy accusing Israel and Zionism of being behind this move. And what about Britain, whose people voted to leave the European Union? Can Israel, which was created thanks to a British promise [the Balfour Declaration], be behind this as well? If Israel is really motivating the Kurds and pushing them to conspire against the Arab nation, why did the U.S., Israel's number one ally in the world, oppose Israel's will and interests and reject the referendum? "Using this warped national logic, we avoid dealing with our problems in the Arab world. We have made a habit of blaming others for our failure, not only in the Kurdish issue but in all the challenges we have faced, before and since the establishment of Israel. Israel is no doubt the greatest enemy of the nation, but the enemy within is much more dangerous. "In the collapsing countries of the east, as well as in the old democracies, a desire for secession and independence is emerging. This is a great challenge for both the Arab reasoning and the Western reasoning, and confronting it requires creative and innovative thinking."[1] Lebanese Journalist: Why Do All Those Who Fought For The Palestinians' Right Of Self Determination Deny The Same Right To The Kurds? Lebanese journalist and political analyst Hazem Saghiya wrote in his column in the London-based Saudi daily Al-Hayat: "The minute [Kurdish leader] Masoud Barzani announced the decision to hold a referendum [on Kurdish independence], condemnations began to be heard of [the Kurds'] love of Israel: 'you are allies, partners and even agents of Israel.' Some people started digging into history – or even inventing it – in an effort to prove that the situation of the two sides [the Israelis and the Kurds] is identical... [The right to establish] an independent Palestinian state is a right that no reasonable person contests. Ideally, anyone who [demands] rights of his own should support and identify with all the just causes in the world. [But] the political reality does not always [correspond] to this ideal, for in the name of national rights, independence and hostility to Jewish immigration, most Arabs showed solidarity with Hitler and Nazism, and later, in the name of the very same rights, [they also] showed solidarity with the Soviet Gulag regime... These are positions that do not respect people's rights and even undermine them. Moreover, to this day, apologizing for them has not become a prominent part of Arab culture or ideology... "Iraqis who now holler about the friendship between the Kurds and Israel did not hesitate to treat the Palestinians in the worst possible manner. This happened immediately after the 2003 war [in Iraq], and the Iraqis and Palestinians still remember it... We [also] know that, in Syria and Lebanon, the impassioned calls to advance the Palestinian cause coincide with the most despicable treatment of Palestinians. How did the war on the [Palestinian refugee] camps[2] during the 1980s help the Palestinians liberate Palestine?! "The Palestinians' own behavior has not always been characterized by the justice in whose name they constantly speak, for they expressed sympathy for Saddam Hussein's attack on Kuwait and later for Assad's suppression of the Syrian majority that rose up in demand of freedom. They took part in the civil wars in Jordan and Lebanon, and their crimes against the rights of the Lebanese and Jordanians are comparable to the crimes of the Lebanese and Jordanians against their rights... So why are only the Kurds required to remain within the framework of a perfect correspondence between politics and justice? Or perhaps what is permitted to the master is not permitted to his slave?... "As for the Kurds and Israel, the Hebrew state was the only one that welcomed the Kurdish referendum. It probably welcomed it for reasons that were less than noble, having to do entirely with its own [interests], but it did so while others all over the region were [threateningly] baring their teeth at the Kurds. In this situation, can the Kurds be expected to burn the Israeli flag? What have we Arabs done for the Kurds that we can expect them to hate Israel with a passion?... "Moreover, since the Saddam Hussein era, the Palestinian cause has been used more than any other cause [as a means] to undermine the Kurdish issue and the Kurds' right [to independence], just as Bashar Al-Assad later used the Palestinian cause [to combat] the Syrians' [attempts] to oust his regime. Obviously, such conduct leaves psychological effects and scars in its victims, especially when no Palestinian voices are heard loudly condemning and opposing this use [of their cause]. "The obvious conclusion is that, in this region, we have what can be described as a mechanism of blackmail by means of [accusations of collaboration with] Israel. The Lebanese Christians know better than anyone else how they were subjected to such blackmail during the years of Syrian patronage [over Lebanon], and even the Palestinian leadership itself was not spared [this blackmail] when it tried to take its own national decisions, independently of the will of the Assad regime..."[3] Al-Hayat Columnist: The Claims Against The Kurds Have Been Disproved Hazem Al-Amin, another Lebanese columnist for the Saudi daily Al-Hayat, wrote cynically: "The Kurds' celebrations last month [over the referendum results] included waving Israeli flags – which pan-Arab eyes saw and made part of the Kurdish aspiration for independence. [They called the Kurdish state] 'an artificial state that is analogous to Israel.' Those with wounded pan-Arab sentiment have gone too far, [arguing that] not only is the future [Kurdish] state a product of Israel, but that it is also a partner in Tel Aviv's creation of ISIS, and wishes that the 200,000 Kurdish Jews in Israel will return to it. [They say] that the future [Kurdish] state is part of the Zionist plan to dismantle the region into small entities based on ethnicity and sect... "Much can be said against the independence referendum... but it also had an upside, because it made the Arabs expend tremendous energy on writing nonsense, as they haven't done in a long time. [This] revealed that the Ba'th [party], including its branches in Iraq and Syria, is not a random, fleeting phenomenon in the pan-Arab sentiment, but is fundamental; that ISIS is its cousin and suckled the same milk; and that the Arab defeat throughout the conflict with Israel is the result of ignoring the truth. Anyone who says that the Kurds want 200,000 Kurdish Jews to return to Kurdistan from Israel fails to notice that they [the Kurds], by means of their activity that stems from delusions, will in fact restore the situation to what it used to be, and will serve Palestine by correcting the mistake of the pan-Arabism of Rashid 'Ali Al-Kilani[4] and his nationalist Arab cohorts,[5] which motivated them to raid the Jews in Baghdad and send them to Israel with the aid of the Jewish Agency. "While pan-Arabism is forgiven for having abandoned Palestine, the Kurds are not forgiven for waving the Israeli flag at a moment of national intoxication... After all, they are Kurds, and they have no right to anger or mistakes, just as they are not allowed to dream of a state that was taken from them over a century ago. If they make a mistake, then [Hizbullah secretary-general] Mr. [Hassan] Nasrallah will come out to remind them that he will stand against any plan by [any] religious stream that divides the nation – when he [Nasrallah himself] apparently wants to unite [the nation] under the flag of the Rule of the Jurisprudent [of the Iranian regime] that has no connection to any [Sunni] religious stream... "ISIS too, which according to the offspring [of Rashid 'Ali Al-Kilani and Hajj Amin Al-Husseini] sold Iraqi territories to Israel via Kurdish middlemen, found a place in the version [of reality] of the opponents of the Kurdish state. According to the latter, ISIS is not Arab and does not belong to the Ba'th, [but rather] is Kurdish and Israeli. The offspring of Rashid Al-Kilani have in their possession documents proving this, that they sent to Mr. Nasrallah; he will reveal them in his next speech... "The Shi'ite Iraqi forces – once the allies of the Kurds in Iraq, in the post-Saddam era – united in a religious alliance [with Shi'ite Iran] that has no place for the Kurds' aspirations. And lo, they remind the Kurds of the Arabism of Kirkuk [which is actually Kurdish], while forsaking the Arabism of [the Shi'ite] Al-Najaf and of Karbala, and turning [the Sunni] Mosul, after its liberation from ISIS, into an Iranian metropolis. All this does not harm the offspring of Rashid 'Ali Al-Kilani [i.e. the Iraqis], as long as it is done by a strong tyrant [such as Saddam]. But the weak, such as the Kurds, have no right to dream of a state."[6] [1] Al-Ghad (Jordan), October 22, 2017. [2] This refers to a campaign waged by the Amal militia against the Palestinian refugee camps in Lebanon during the civil war in 1985-1986. Thousands of Palestinians were killed in the battles, and the Sabra, Shatila and Burj Al-Barajna refugee camps were almost completely destroyed, although Amal never managed to take over the camps. [3] Al-Hayat (London), October 3, 2017. [4] Iraqi politician Rashid 'Ali Al-Kilani (1892-1965), three-time Iraqi prime minister, led the 1941 rebellion that prompted the British to invade Iraq; in June of that year the Farhud, or pogrom, against the Jews of Baghdad took place. Al-Kilani fled to Nazi Germany, and was known for his connections to the Nazis and to Jerusalem Mufti Hajj Amin Al-Husseini. [5] A reference to the Arab nationalist movement, founded in Beirut in the 1920s. [6] Al-Hayat (London), October 3, 2017. ===BIODIVERSITY=== I am a Palestinian American who is tired of stupid people. I wanted to share a (not exhaustive) list of 50 useful and indisputable facts on the Palestinian-Israeli conflict. FACT No. [#01.] Some Jews are shitty and awful people.!'? FACT No. [#02.] Some Muslims are shitty and awful people.!'? FACT No. [#03.] Some Christians are shitty and awful people.!'?' FACT No.[#04.] Some Arabs are shitty and awful people.!'?' FACT No. [#05.] Some Americans are shitty and awful people.!'?' FACT No. 6. Some Israelis are shitty and awful people.!?' FACT No. 7. Some Palestinians are shitty and awful people.!'? FACT No.[#08.] Not all Jews are Israelis.!'? FACT No.[#09.] Not all Israelis are Jews.!'? FACT No.[#10.] Not all Jews are white.!'? FACT No. [#11.] Not all Israelis are white.!'? FACT No. [#12.] Not all Muslims are Arabs.!'? FACT No. 13. Not all Arabs are Muslim.!'? FACT No. 14. Not all Palestinians are Muslims.!'? FACT No. 15. Not all Arabs are Palestinian.!'? FACT No. 16. Not all Palestinians are Haumaus.!'? FACT No. 17. [[Texans]] are not [[Arizonans]].!'? FACT No. 18. Germans are not Dutch..(The word Dutch comes from a Proto-Germanic word meaning “of the people.” It shares a root with the German word [[Deutsch]], which has led to some confusing names. The name Germans call Germany, for example, is [[Deutschland]] and the people there [[Deutsch]]. [[Dutch]] and German are related, after all, both being Germanic languages.).!'? FACT No. 19. Palestinians are not Jordanians.!'? FACT No. 20. [Egyptians] are not Palestinians.!'? FACT No. 21. Where you are born does not actually determine anything about you.!'? FACT No. 22. Your passport is not your political beliefs. FACT No. 23. Your government is not your morality.!'? FACT No. 24. Not all Jews like the Israeli government.!'? FACT No. 25. Not all Israelis like the Israeli government.!'? FACT No. 26. Not all Palestinians like the Palestinian government. FACT No. 27. Israeli governments have committed acts of terror and violence against the Palestinian people. FACT No. 28. Palestinian organizations have committed acts of terror and violence against the Israeli people.!'? FACT No. 29. US leaders do things that I do not agree with (e.g., 2016–2020). FACT No. 30. Israeli leaders do things that Israelis do not agree with. FACT No. 31. Palestinian leaders do things that Palestinians do not agree with. FACT No. 32. What happened to the Israeli civilians on 10/7 2023* is fucking awful, and Hamas has earned every fucking thing that the Israeli military throws at them. FACT No. 33. What is happening in Gaza to civilians is fucking awful, and not the smartest thing for Israel to do, and some aspects of Israeli military activity may be [[war crimes]], and it doesn’t have to be genocide for it to be tragic.!'? FACT No. 34. You can advocate for Palestine without being a racist, anti-semitic piece of shit.!'? FACT No. 35. You can advocate for Israel without being a racist, anti-Arab piece of shit.!'? FACT No. 36. People like to have sex with each other, and they sometimes procreate with people outside their tribes.! '? FACT No. 37. No one in the Levant is indigenous. Every fucking empire in history has fucked their way through the Levant. There is no pure indigeneity. And let’s be honest: The entire planet has been colonized..by [[Europeans]] Powers..and In Ancient (..hominids from the Great Rift Valley). FACT No. [#38.] Palestinians and Israelis share paternal Bronze Age DNA. Yes, even Ashkenazi Jews.!'?... FACT No. 39. Stop with the fucking history lessons about what the Israelites did, or what the [[OTTOMANS]] did, or what the [[BRITISH]] did, or whatever. It is Fucking "IMPERIAL SHIT" There is a pile of DOG shit in the living room. Instead of arguing about whose DOG took the bigger shit in the living room, maybe focus on how we clean up the dog shit, and maybe we keep the DOGS outside.!'? FACT No. 40. Any people have a right to group together and self-identify as whatever-the-fuck-they-want-to-self-identify as. When they get large enough as a group, those people have the right to self-determination and self-respect and a state where they can control their own destinies. FACT No. 41. Whether you like the idea or not, the Israeli state exists. It will also continue to exist until the ISRAELI people decide they don’t want it to exist. Your opinion on this matter (if you are not Israeli) is fucking immaterial. FACT No. 42. Whether you like the idea or not, a Palestinian state will exist at some point, and it will continue to exist until the PALESTINIAN people decide they don’t want it to exist. Your opinion on this matter (if you are not Palestinian) is fucking immaterial.!'? FACT No. 43. You cannot bomb a people into true submission  —  the Blitz did not soften [[British]] morale.!?'.. FACT No. 44. You cannot fight a war and kill a people’s desire for safety, freedom and self-determination. You can stifle it. You can try to ignore it, but one way or another, you will have to deal with it. This is as true for my Israeli friends as it is for my Palestinian ones. FACT No. 45. The solution to the [[Middle East]] conflict will not be found on Threads, or TikTok, or in the streets of any city that isn’t within a two-hour car ride from downtown Jerusalem.!'? FACT No. 46. If you want to be an ally to Palestinians, please feel free to continue to advocate for peace, security and self-determination, but do it without dehumanizing or stereotyping Israelis and Jews. FACT No. 47. If you want to be an ally to Israelis, please feel free to continue to advocate for peace, security and self-determination, but do it without dehumanizing or stereotyping Palestinians and Muslims and Arabs. FACT No. 48. If you just want to advocate for peace, try to be a voice for reason, and don’t inflame or over-simplify an already chaotic, complicated and deeply emotional issue. Help people find common ground and help bring the temperature down. You can be moral and stand up for what you believe in without being an ASSHOLE.!'?... FACT No. 49. Yes, an amazing one-state liberal democracy where Palestinian boys and girls could fuck Israeli boys and girls and make cute babies, and everybody spoke Hebrew and Arabic and we all agreed that [[hummus]] and [[falafel]] are delicious and Palestinian and sufganiyot are delicious and Israeli would be awesome. But this wonderful future has about as much chance of happening in the near term as this 5’8″ 56'"-year-old Palestinian has being a starter for the [[Golden State Warrior]]s. A two-state solution is the only workable one.!'? FACT No. 50. Hummus is Palestinian. I am immovable on this.!'?' Moe Aa. Hussein is a Palestinian-American creative with a filmmaking background interested in the intersection of experience and technology. This list originally ran on his Medium blog.!'? The Citizen welcomes guest commentary from community members who represent that it is their own work and their own opinion based on true facts that they know firsthand.:. <Ref>https://waleedgohar469.medium.com/a-media-rich-guide-on-facts-about-palestine-70022565965d</Ref>.: <Ref>https://www.historyhit.com/facts-about-the-israeli-palestinian-conflict/</</Ref>.: <Ref>https://www.factretriever.com/israel-facts</Ref>.: 5 Interesting Facts About Palestine (Find Out)! Waleed Gohar Waleed Gohar · Follow 3 min read · Jun 22, 2020 Listen Share Introduction: Palestine is a land which has a lot of things for its readers. This is a land which is located in Asia but there is much more to know, apart from its location. Therefore, let’s dive straight into some facts about Palestine. Is 3G available in Palestine? The 3G services are not available in Palestine apart from a few locations. Why is this? Facts About Palestine (3G Network) This is because the Israeli restrictions do not allow the Palestinian people to have access to the 3G services openly. There has been a conversation about this over the past few years of Palestine National Authority with the Israeli authorities but in vain. The Economy of Palestine: Palestine is a land that is considered unsafe by many people, but is it true? To understand this, first, understand that tourism is an important part of the economy of Palestine. In 2010, 4.6 million people visited Palestine. This is a pretty decent figure for a land that is considered unsafe for many people. Furthermore, the stone industry in Palestine is also a very important part of its economy. To understand how important is the stone industry to Palestine, it is to Palestine as the textile is to Pakistan. And what is textile is to Pakistan? 60% of the exports of Pakistan are based on the cotton textile industries that provide half of the countries employment! The majority of exports of Palestine are to Israel, Jordan, America and some European countries. The National Animal of Palestine: Gazelle is the national animal of Palestine which is known for its speed. The Palestinian government has been trying to protect this creature as it is an important symbol for the Palestinians. Facts About Palestine (Gazelle) Photo by Bas van Brandwijk on Unsplash These beautiful thin creatures are mostly found in Africa and Asia. They resemble deer and they are from the family of goats, sheep and cattle. The dama Gazelle is the largest Gazelle. The National Flower of Palestine: Palestinian poppy is the natural flower of Palestine. This beautiful flower is bright red and the scientific name of the Palestinian Poppy is Anemone coronaria. The flower originally comes from Ranunculaceaefamily (buttercup family). Very fewer flowers have played such an important role in medicine, religion and politics as the poppy. One commonly asked question is that are anemones and poppies same? Although the anemones and poppies belong to a similar flower family, they are not the same thing. The Siege in Gaza: In Gaza, 1.9 million Palestinians are under a brutal siege. The basic human rights have been denied to them and they are constantly exposed to aerial bombing. The political instability and barbarity make Gaza unsafe. The Israeli restrictions in this area are so brutal that the United Nations says that by 2020, the area can be completely inhibited. Conclusion: The facts about Palestine is a very interesting topic. I hope that the article makes sense. Thank You very much for staying with me till the end! <Ref>https://www.memri.org/reports/arab-opposition-to-kurdish-state-hypocritical</Ref>.: "Jabaan" likely refers to the word for "Japan" in the language of the user, which in this case is probably "Swahili" or "Somali", as it is a transliteration of the word "Japan" in these languages. Here's a breakdown: "Jabaan" is a transliteration of "Japan" in Swahili and Somali: The word "Jabaan" is used to refer to the country of Japan in Swahili and Somali. Swahili and Somali are languages spoken in Africa: Swahili is a Bantu language spoken in East Africa, while Somali is an Afro-Asiatic language spoken in the Horn of Africa….!!’?’….!! ==Sido kale fiiri== * [[Unionka Mediterraneanka]] * [[Wadanamaha Jaamacada Carabta Afrika]] * [[Waddnamha Mashriq Jaamacada Carabta]] * https://livingcost.org/ ==10*of the*Most*Endangered Species in Africa== BY OLIVIA LAI AFRICA JUN 27TH 2022/23 EARTH.ORG IS POWERED BY OVER 150 CONTRIBUTING WRITERS 10 of the Most Endangered Species in Africa Africa, the world’s second-largest and second-most populous continent, is wonderfully rich in biodiversity. Thanks to its equally rich natural landscapes and biomes, ranging from arid deserts and savannahs to tropical rainforests and ice-capped mountains, Africa supports about a quarter of the planet’s animal and plant species. But delayed industrialisation and development, human activities such as deforestation – 4 million hectares of African forests are cut down annually, almost double the speed than the global average deforestation rate – and prolonged conflicts have had a devastating impact on wildlife on the continent. All these are being fuelled further by climate change. These are just some of the most endangered species in Africa that are in dire need of protection and conservation, before it’s too late. — ===10*Most*Endangered*Species*in Africa.!!=== [#01.]Black Rhino..!!’?’…!!’?’…!!’ Otherwise known as the hook-lipped rhino, the black rhino is one of two species of rhinoceros native to Africa (the other being the white rhino). Due to rampant poaching to meet a global demand for rhinoceros horn, wildlife trading and trophy hunting, black rhino populations have been decimated and has driven a subspecies, the Western black rhino (Diceros bicornis longipes), to extinction in 2011. Today, there are just over 5,600 individuals left of the critically endangered animal and are limited to just four countries: South Africa, Namibia, Zimbabwe and Kenya. As a keystone species, meaning that they hold a significant role within an ecosystem, there have been major efforts to protect and recover population numbers, including greater habitat protection and monitoring systems, as well as harsher fines and sentences for rhino poachers. [#02.]African Elephant.!!’?’!!’?… In the 1970s, Africa was home to 1.3 million elephants. Today, that number has plummeted down to less than 30,000 in the wild. Much like rhinos, elephants have been heavily targeted and poached throughout history due to the ivory trade; ivory tusks were treated as a valuable commodity and a status symbol. As a result, around 90% of African elephants have been wiped out in the past century. Though much of the world has since banned elephant ivory trading, most notably China, illegal poaching and trading still persist. But with significant conservation efforts, countries like Kenya have been experiencing a baby boom in elephants, more than doubling the population in 30 years. But other major threats to the species remain: human-wildlife conflict fuelled by human population growth and urban expansion, and climate change-induced droughts. Your Contribution Makes a Difference Every donation counts in our fight against climate change. Join us in making a real impact by supporting our research, data analysis, and policy solutions. DONATE TODAY…!!’?’ endangered species africa [#03].Gorilla..!!’?’..!!’?’.. There are two species of gorillas, the Eastern gorilla and the Western gorilla, both of which are native to Africa and listed as Critically Endangered on the International Union for Conservation of NatureRed List. A combination of factors have pushed the animal to such a dire situation, including poaching, habitat loss from logging and agricultural development, human conflict, and diseases. In fact, one of the two subspecies of the Western gorilla, the Cross River gorilla that lives in the Cameroon-Nigeria border region, saw its population plummet to about 200-300 adults. Population recovery efforts can be also slow and difficult due to their low reproductive rate, with females only giving birth every four to six years – females also only breed three or four times in her lifetime. [#04.]Saharan Cheetah.!!’?’!!’?’… This endangered cat (but not a ‘Big Cat’) has been pushed to the brink of extinction due to significant habitat loss, forcing the animal to be limited to 10% of its historical range. Its remaining small populations can now only be found in Algeria and Niger, and isolated pockets across the Sahara and Sahel from Mali in the west to the Central African Republic in the east.​ Additionally, hunting by a growing local population in the region and reduced prey such as sheep and gazelle from the agricultural explosion have also contributed to Saharan cheetah’s population decline to fewer than 250 individuals. endangered species in Africa Photo credit: EO Photographer Josh R. [#05.]African Wild Dog..!!’?’…!!’? Also known as the African painted dog or the African hunting dog, this critically endangered species in Africa is also the second most endangered carnivore in the continent. As wild dogs are highly social animals, gathering and travelling packs, they’re incredibly sensitive to habitat changes and fragmentation, which have been significantly reduced over the past few decades. Illegally poaching and wildlife trading is rife across African countries, and many African dogs were caught as bycatch in snares targeted for other animals like antelopes. Despite their impressive speeds – they reach speeds of more than 44 miles per hour – the species has not been able to run away from other threats like human conflicts over livestock, infectious diseases like rabies and distemper, and competition with larger predators like lions due to shrinking habitats. The largest populations are mostly in southern Africa – where there are less than 550 individuals in the wild – and the southern part of East Africa including Tanzania and northern Mozambique. Though snare hunting has been made illegal on nationally proclaimed wildlife reserves in South Africa, far more conservation efforts are needed to protect this rare mammal. You might also like: Is the Sahara Desert Growing? [#06.]African Penguin…!!’?’…!!’?’… There’s a common misconception that penguins are native only to the Arctic when in fact, there’s a well-known nesting penguin species that breeds in Africa, or more specifically, Namibia and South Africa. Unfortunately, the population of the African penguin is dwindling fast as a result of habitat loss and destruction, overfishing to meet global commercial demand, oil spills and marine pollution – the bird’s range encompass many global trading and oil transport routes – as well as warming ocean temperatures. The species has lost about 95% of its population since pre-industrial times to about 14,700 pairs, based on 2021 estimates. In addition, guano harvests – accumulated excrement of seabirds and bats is a highly sought-after fertiliser – eliminated their preferred nesting substrate, leaving them exposed to predators, heat stress, flooding and sea-level rise. <Ref>https://earth.org/endangered-species-in-africa/</Ref>.:: endangered species in the desert, north african ostrich…!!’?’ [#07.]North African Ostrich..!!’ The North African ostrich is the largest bird on Earth. Historically, it was distributed across the entire Sahara desert, spreading across 18 countries. Today, they’re only found in Cameroon, Chad, Central African Republic and Senegal. This flightless bird has been heavily targeted over the past 50 years; their feathers, meat and egg are deemed valuable in the wildlife trading market. Much like most of the animals on this list, the ostrich has suffered from habitat loss from human expansion and desertification – a process by which lands become infertile – causing increased food competition with other livestock and larger animals. Since being identified in the IUCN red list, a number of conservation efforts have been underway to help restore the species, from introducing more ostriches to Senegal and habitat rehabilitation to improving livestock fencing and management. [#08.]Dama Gazelle..!!’?’…!!’?’ The dama gazelle now lives only about 1% of its historical range, and is found primarily in the countries of Chad and Sudan. Despite its preference for arid territories, desertification and worsening droughts from climate change have caused major habitat loss and fragmentation, as well as reduced vegetation for gazelle to feed from – thus increased competition with human and livestock. Prolonged wars in the region have also exacerbated all these aforementioned factors. Today, fewer than 400 individuals are left in the wild. [#09.] Egyptian Tortoise..!!’?’…!!’ Another Saharan Desert native and the smallest species of tortoises – no longer than 10cm in length at maturity, the Egyptian tortoise is all but extinct from its original habitat due to the loss of habitat from agriculture and expansion of tourism, and most notably, from illegal pet trading. According to the IUCN Red List, the total Egyptian tortoise population is estimated to be around 7,470, but as they are not legally protected in Libya – where the species is mostly found – they are highly vulnerable to further population decline. Despite ongoing captive breeding programmes efforts to reintroduce Egyptian tortoises to the wild, they have mostly been slow and relatively unsuccessful. [#10.] Sahara Aphanius..!!’?’…!!’ This tiny freshwater pupfish, measuring only less than two inches long, can be found nowhere else in the world except for the Sahara Desert in the Oued Saoura river basin near Mazzer, Algeria. Agricultural development, which has caused significant groundwater contamination and excessive water withdrawal, and increasingly frequent and prolonged droughts, have severely impacted the aquatic vegetation that the species depend upon. This includes zooplankton and algae. The freshwater fish remains to be listed as critically endangered on the IUCN Red List. Aside from these endangered species in Africa, you might also like: 10 of the World’s Most Endangered Animals in 2022/2023*.!! 알자지라의 미단 보이스 [[인터넷 채널]]: 유대인이 만들어내고 통제하고 있습니다("..모든 것이 2초 안에 움직입니다..") [[할리우드]]; [[CNN]]; 포르노 산업을 오염시키기 위해 "..[[미국인]]..!!.."과 "...[[기독교인]]...!!'?'" 가치관을...!!'?'... aljajilaui midan boiseu [[inteones chaeneol]]: yudaein-i mandeul-eonaego tongjehago issseubnida("..modeun geos-i 2cho an-e umjig-ibnida..") [[halliudeu]]; [[CNN]]; poleuno san-eob-eul oyeomsikigi wihae "..[[migug-in]]..!!.."gwa "...[[gidoggyoin]]...!!'?'" gachigwan-eul...!!'?'... ==The Most Endangered Animals in Africa== By H. Nimmo. Africa is blessed with a stunning variety of wildlife – it has more species of charismatic megafauna than any other continent. However, sadly, with ever expanding human populations and their increasing demand for land, food and water, exacerbated by poaching, more and more species are becoming endangered. However, thanks to the foresight of conservationists past and present, many of the most endangered animals in Africa are being protected in reserves and national parks. Below is a list of some of the most endangered species in Africa and where you stand a chance of seeing them. =10,441 "African Safaris"= [#01.]Ethiopian’s..!.. Ethiopian wolf..!!’?’…!!’?’… The Ethiopian wolf is Africa’s most endangered carnivore and the continent’s only wolf species. It is a handsome rusty red jackal-like dog and, as the name suggests, it is endemic to Ethiopia’s It is endangered due to loss of habitat to farmland and due to diseases caught from domestic dogs. Best place to see Ethiopian wolf: Bale Mountain National Park, Ethiopia [#02.]Pangolin Pangolin..!!’?’…!!’ The poor pangolin has the dubious honor of being the most illegally trafficked species in Africa, as its scales are used in traditional medicine in Asia. Most people have never heard of a pangolin, let alone seen one … and sadly it is feared they are on a fast-track to extinction. Pangolins are now one of the most endangered animals in Africa. These delightful, gentle creatures are armour-plated and roll into a ball to defend themselves – unfortunately a poor defence against humans. Pangolins feed on ants and termites with their long sticky tongues, and the mother carries her young infant on her back. They are the holy grail of wildlife sightings for many tourists and indeed safari guides, such is their rarity. I must confess the first time I saw a pangolin in the wild, I was moved to tears – part joy and part sadness at just how vulnerable they are. Best place to see a pangolin: in winter at Tswalu Private Game Reserve, South Africa [#03.] Black Rhino Black Rhino…!!’?’…!!’?’…. Black rhinos are actually grey in color and are distinguished from white rhinos by their pointed, prehensile upper lip, whereas white rhinos have square lips. Black rhino calves usually follow their mother – whereas white rhino calves often trot along in front. Black rhinos are largely solitary and are browsers rather than grazers – hence their hooked lip. Black rhinos are classified as Critically Endangered, as they have been decimated by poaching for their horn. The most recent numbers estimate less than 5000 in 2010, however, numbers are likely to have decreased further since then, despite valiant conservation efforts. Best places to see black rhino: Ngorogoro Crater, Tanzania Etosha National Park, Namibia Damaraland, Namibia Matobo National Park, Zimbabwe [#04.] White Rhino White Rhino…!!’?’…!!’?’… It is sad that, after successful conservation efforts increased their numbers dramatically in the 1960’s, once again, white rhino has become one of the most endangered animals in Africa. This is due to illegal poaching to satisfy the increased demand for their horn by Asian markets. Valiant conservation efforts are once again underway to save the white rhino, and South Africa is still its stronghold. The white rhino is larger than the black rhino and has square lips for grazing. Best places to see white rhino: Kruger National Park, South Africa uMkhuze Game Reserve, South Africa Hluhluwe-iMfolozi Game Reserve, South Africa Sabi Sand Game Reserve, South Africa [#05.]Mountain Gorilla Mountain Gorilla..!!’?’…!!’?’… Although mountain gorillas are still considered one of the most endangered animals in Africa, the good news is that their numbers are actually on the increase. An encounter with mountain gorillas should be on everyone’s bucket list. Although it is an expensive trip, believe me, it is worth every dollar! You will never forget the hour you spend with these gentle giants. It is your tourist dollars that are helping to protect and conserve the mountain gorillas and their forests – another reason to visit.!! Best place to see mountain gorillas: Bwindi National Park, Uganda [#06.]African Wild Dog? African Wild Dog…!!’?’…!!’?’ Previously viewed as vermin, thankfully the African wild dog has had a very good PR makeover over the last few years and has now become one of the most wished-for safari sightings. Sightings on safari are often by luck, as the dogs cover huge distances in search of prey, and it is only when they are denning (usually the dry season months) that they remain in the same place for a few weeks. Personally they are my favorite animal to see on safari, as they are such sociable carnivores. It is a privilege to watch their frenzied “greeting ceremony”, when they are getting to get ready to hunt – making all sorts of un-dog-like chittering and chirping noises. African wild dogs require huge ranges and consequently habitat fragmentation has caused their decline. Other threats include diseases from domestic dogs, persecution by livestock farmers, road accidents and incidental snaring. Best places to see African wild dog: Mana Pools National Park, Zimbabwe Hwange National Park, Zimbabwe Madikwe Game Reserve, South Africa Linyanti Concession, Botswana Selinda Concession, Botswana [#07.] African Penguin African Penguin…!!’?’…!!’?’ For visitors to Cape Town, it is hard to imagine that the African penguin is one of the most endangered species in Africa. They are easy to see at Boulders Bay on the Cape Peninsula, where there is a visitor centre and boardwalk past their nests. However, sadly, African penguin numbers have plummeted in recent years due to depleted fish stocks from over fishing and fish stocks moving further west due to climate change. The African penguin is also at risk from oil spills. This is the only penguin species breeding in Africa, and they are easily recognisable by their dapper black and white plumage and jack-ass braying call. Best place to see African penguins: Cape Point, South Africa [#08.] Rothschild’s…Giraffe Rothschild’s giraffe…!!’?’…!!… The giraffe is one of Africa’s most recognisable and iconic animals and the tallest land mammal. While giraffes are commonly seen on safari, people are unaware that the numbers of these majestic animals are crashing dramatically outside of protected areas due to habitat loss, illegal hunting and human-wildlife conflict. There are nine subspecies of giraffe, each confined to specific regions of Africa. The Rothschild’s giraffe is now listed as one of the most endangered animals in Africa – in 2010 there were thought to be less than 670 individuals. It is found in western Kenya and eastern Uganda and it has broader dividing white lines than the reticulated giraffe and no spotting below the knees. Best places to see Rothschild’s giraffes: Lake Nakuru National Park, Kenya Murchison Falls National Park, Uganda Kidepo Vally National Park, Uganda Lake Mburo National Park, Uganda [#09.] Hooded Vulture Hooded vulture..!!’?’ Vultures are a critical component in the African landscape but their numbers are plummeting due to increased poisoning incidents. Without vultures clearing carcasses, there is a risk in the increase of disease – as has happened in India, where they have lost 95% of their vultures. The hooded vulture is now one of the most endangered species in Africa – recently upgraded to Critically Endangered. They are easy to distinguish from other vultures by their small size and thin hooked bill. Best places to see hooded vultures: Moremi National Park, Botswana Kruger National Park, South Africa Hwange National Park, Zimbabwe [#10.] Chimpanzee Chimpanzee…!!’?’ When you look into the eyes of a wild chimpanzee, it is easy to understand that this is man’s closest relative – we share 98% of the same genes. Their behavior is distinctively human-like too. Tracking chimpanzees in the wild is one of the most exciting safari activities – it really does feel like you are in the middle of your very own wildlife documentary. Chimpanzees are classified as one of the most endangered animals in Africa – the biggest threat to their survival is habitat loss and an increasing demand for bushmeat…!!’? Best places to see chimpanzees: Gombe National Park, Tanzania Mahale Mountains National Park, Tanzania Kibale National Park, Uganda Want To Go on an African Safari? Click on the button below to compare African safaris offered by top-rated tour operators. 10,441 African Safaris *<ref>https://www.statista.com/statistics/806135/gdp-of-the-arab-world/</ref>. * <ref>https://www.languagetrainers.co.uk/blog/8-fascinating-facts-about-arab-culture/</ref>. * https://en.idi.org.il/articles/38540 * https://www.japantimes.co.jp/tag/saudi-arabia/ * https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8 * https://www.worlddata.info/languages/#google_vignette * https://www.visualcapitalist.com/the-tech-giants-worth-compared-economies-countries// * https://www.arabnews.com/node/1823401/saudi-arabia <Ref>https://www.worlddata.info/languages/arabic.php</Ref> <Ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/most-educated-countries</Ref>.: <Ref>https://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/world-university-rankings/2020</Ref>.: * https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/10-countries-with-the-best-education-systems.html * https://www.worldatlas.com/history/10-countries-which-have-never-been-colonised-by-europeans.html <Ref>https://www.gfmag.com/global-data/economic-data/richest-countries-in-the-world</Ref>. <Ref>https://www.quora.com/How-accurate-is-the-assertion-that-Britain-has-invaded-all-but-22-countries-in-the-world</Ref>. * https://theculturetrip.com/asia/brunei-darussalam/articles/11-things-that-are-illegal-in-brunei/ {{Wayback|url=https://theculturetrip.com/asia/brunei-darussalam/articles/11-things-that-are-illegal-in-brunei/ |date=20220701200249 }} * https://www.cnbc.com/2020/01/03/who-was-iranian-general-qasem-soleimani-and-why-his-killing-matters.html *https://almashareq.com/en_GB/articles/cnmi_am/features/2022/02/04/feature-02 <Ref>https://www.espn.com/soccer/standings/_/league/ita.1</Ref>.: ** https://www.quora.com/How-accurate-is-the-assertion-that-Britain-has-invaded-all-but-22-countries-in-the-world <Ref>https://kottke.org/12/11/britain-has-invaded-all-but-22-countries</Ref>. * https://www.goodcountry.org/index/your-questions/countries-included/youve-left-out-a-number-of-territories-nations-why-is-this/ *<ref>https://visaindex.com/country/indonesia-passport-ranking/</ref> *<ref>https://industryarabic.com/arabic-facts-statistics/</ref>. <Ref>https://www.xe.com/popularity.php</Ref>.:• <Ref>https://www.eurosport.com/football/serie-a/2024-2025/standings.shtml</Ref>.: *<Ref>https://www.globalizationpartners.com/2016/06/30/10-facts-about-arab-culture-infographic/#:~:text=The%20Arab%20world%20stretches%20across,various%20ethnic%20and%20religious%20backgrounds.</ref>. <Ref>https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/7/14/some-300-children-drowned-trying-to-reach-europe-so-far-this-year</ref>.: * https://theculturetrip.com/middle-east/iran/articles/how-did-iran-get-its-name/ {{Wayback|url=https://theculturetrip.com/middle-east/iran/articles/how-did-iran-get-its-name/ |date=20220530164249 }} {{Wayback|url=https://theculturetrip.com/middle-east/iran/articles/how-did-iran-get-its-name/ |date=20220530164249 }} {{Wayback|url=https://theculturetrip.com/middle-east/iran/articles/how-did-iran-get-its-name/ |date=20220530164249 }} * https://www.4icu.org/top-universities-africa/ '!!`{{Dead link|date=Bisha Sagaalaad 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} * https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/countries-never-colonized {{Wayback|url=https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/e/European_Union.htm |date=20220819192938 }} * https://www.cfr.org/backgrounder/what-know-about-arab-citizens-israel * https://www.middleeasteye.net/news/iran-iraq-power-centres-creating-havoc.: {{Wayback|url= https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Family_tree_of_Muhammad#:~:text=This%20family%20tree%20is%20about,Ishmael%20through%20the%20Hashim%20tribe.|date=20220707081051 }} * https://www.sporcle.com/blog/2019/03/what-countries-are-transcontinental/ {{Wayback|url=https://www.sporcle.com/blog/2019/03/what-countries-are-transcontinental/ |date=20240614155515 }} * https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2021/02/335958/morocco-exposes-polisario-algerias-propaganda-in-letter-to-un/ * https://themuslim500.com/book-reviews-2023.html {{Wayback|url=https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/a/Arabic_language.htm |date=20220920172709 }} {{Wayback|url=https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/arab-countries.:•{{Dead link|date=Bisha Koobaad 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Shanaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Shanaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Shanaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Afraad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Afraad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Afraad 2026 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(est.2023’) |image = [[File:English mosaic.jpg|197px]] |image_caption = qaar ka mid ah dadka caanka ah |popplace ={{Flagicon|United Kingdom}} 46.5 Millions ku nool<br>{{Flagicon|Great Britain}}<ref>The [http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/census/2011-census/key-statistics-for-local-authorities-in-england-and-wales/rpt-ethnicity.html#tab-National-identity-in-England-and-Wales In 2011 [[England]] and [[Wales]] census] {{Wayback|url=http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/census/2011-census/key-statistics-for-local-authorities-in-england-and-wales/rpt-ethnicity.html#tab-National-identity-in-England-and-Wales |date=20160124090812 }} reports that in [[England]] and [[Wales]] 32.4 million people associated themselves with an [[English]] identity alone and 37.6 million identified themselves with an [[English]] identity either on its own or combined with other identities, being 57.7% and 67.1% respectively of the population of [[England]] and [[Wales]].</ref> |region1={{Flagicon|United States}} |pop1 = 46.7 Millions{{smallsup|us}} |ref1 =<ref>[http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=ACS_10_1YR_B04003&prodType=table 2010 ACS Ancestry estimates]</ref> |region3 = {{Flagicon|Canada}} |pop3 = 8.9 Millions{{smallsup|au}} |ref3 = <ref>(Ancestry) The [http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/Lookup/2071.0main+features902012-2013 2011 Australian Census] reports 7,238,500 people of [[English]] ''ancestry''</ref> |region4 = {{Flagicon|Australia}} |pop4 = 8.9 Millions{{smallsup|ca}} |ref4 = <ref>(Ethnic origin) The [http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census06/data/highlights/ethnic/pages/Page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo=PR&Code=01&Data=Count&Table=2&StartRec=1&Sort=3&Display=All&CSDFilter=5,000,000 2006 Canadian Census] {{Wayback|url=http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census06/data/highlights/ethnic/pages/Page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo=PR&Code=01&Data=Count&Table=2&StartRec=1&Sort=3&Display=All&CSDFilter=5000 |date=20130723224016}} gives 1,367,125 respondents stating their ''ethnic origin'' as English as a single response, and 5,202,890 including multiple responses, giving a combined total of 6,570,015.</ref> |region5 = {{Flagicon|New Zealand}} |pop5 = 2.3 Millions{{smallsup|nz}} |ref5 = <ref>(Ethnic origin) The [http://www.stats.govt.nz/census/2006-census-data/quickstats-about-culture-identity/quickstats-about-culture-and-identity.htm?page=para017Master 2006 New Zealand census] {{wayback|url=http://www.stats.govt.nz/census/2006-census-data/quickstats-about-culture-identity/quickstats-about-culture-and-identity.htm?page=para017Master |date=20080219000000 |df=y }} reports 44,202 people (based on pre-assigned ethnic categories) stating they belong to the English ethnic group. The 1996 census [http://www.stats.govt.nz/census/2001-census-statistics/change-in-ethnicity-question.htm used a different question] {{Wayback|url=http://www.stats.govt.nz/census/2001-census-statistics/change-in-ethnicity-question.htm |date=20080219231823 }} to both the 1991 and the 2001 censuses, which had ''"a tendency for respondents to answer the 1996 question on the basis of ancestry (or descent) rather than 'ethnicity' (or cultural affiliation)"'' and reported 281,895 people with English origins; See also the figures for '[[New Zealand European]]'. {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081119030548/http://www.stats.govt.nz/census/2006-census-data/quickstats-about-culture-identity/quickstats-about-culture-and-identity.htm?page=para017Master |date=19 November 2008 }}</ref> |languages = [[Af-Ingiriisi|English]] |religions = [[Masiixi]] & [[Yuhuuda]] |footnotes = {{smallsup|a}} [[USA|English American]], {{smallsup|b}} [[Australia|English Australian]], {{smallsup|c}} [[Kanada|English Canadian]] }} '''Dadka Ingiriiska''' ({{lang-en|English}}; [[Af-Carabi]]: إنجليز) waa [[dad|bulsho]] iyo [[qabiil|qoomiyad]] ka soo jeeda wadanka [[Ingiriis]]ka, kuwaasi oo ku hadla luuqada [[Af-Ingiriisi]]. ==Bilowggii== Dadka Ingiriisigu waxay tixraacaan dadka haysta dhalashada Ingiriiska ama asal ahaan Ingiriiska. England waa mid ka mid ah quruumaha ka tirsan jasiiradda Great Britain. Waxay jasiiradda la wadaagtaa [[Scotland]] (Scots) iyo Wales (Welsh-ka). [[England]] sidoo kale waa qayb ka mid ah Boqortooyada Ingiriiska oo ay weheliso [[Scotland]], [[Wales]] iyo Northern [[Ireland]]. Sababtaas awgeed, dadka Ingiriisku waa dad [[Ingiriis]]ah. Asal ahaan, dadka [[Ingiriis]]ku waxay ka soo farcameen Anglo-Saxon iyo Celts. Dadka Ingiriisida casriga ah waxay inta badan leeyihiin awoowayaal dalal kala duwan ka yimid. Badanaa, awoowayaashood waxay ka yimaadeen wadamada kale ee [[Yurub]] iyo adduunka intiisa kale. ==Dhalashada== Dad badan ayaa ka taga [[Ingiriis]]ka si ay ugu noolaadaan dalalkii uu Ingiriisku gumaysan jiray. Kuwaas waxaa ka mid ah [[Ameerika]], [[Australia]] iyo [[Kanada]]. Wadamada ay ku nool yihiin dadka ugu badan ee Ingiriisi ah, marka laga reebo Boqortooyada [[Ingiriiska]].:• Waa [[Ameerika]], [[Australia]], [[Kanada]], iyo [[New Zealand]] iyo Sub '''[[Hindiya]]''' Conitinent.:• Dhaqdhaqaaqa jihada kale ayaa xitaa ka sii muhiimsan. Qiyaastii 40 ilaa 44 milyan oo qof oo ku nool waddamo kale ayaa gebi ahaan ama qayb ahaan ka soo jeeda [[Ingiriiska]]. Xogta tirakoobku waxay caddaynaysaa hadalladan.[8].!! ==Muuqaalo== <gallery perrow=" " widths="208" heights="208" caption="Sawiro"> File:Flags of the Union Jack.svg|Calanka [[Ingiriiska]], [[UK|Boqortooyada Ingiriiska]], [[Skotland]], iyo [[Waalis]] iyo [[Waqooyiga Ayrland]].:• File:Flag of the United Kingdom (3-5).svg|[[Boqortooyada Midowday]] File:Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg|Calanka [[Kanada]].:• File:Flag of Australia (converted).svg|Calanka [[Ustareliya]].:• File:Flag of New Zealand.svg|Calanka [[Niyuusiilaand ]].:• File:Hengest and Horsa Verstegan.jpg File:Sutton Hoo Burial Chamber Replica.jpg|Farshaxanka iyo hidaha iyo dhaqanka dadka Ingiriiska [[UK|Boqortooyada Ingiriiska]][[Boqortooyada Midowday]] File:EBarton2.jpg File:Haroldoath.jpg|Mid ka mid ah boqoradii soo xukumi jiray boqorooyada ingiriiska File:Gilbert Stuart Williamstown Portrait of George Washington.jpg|Madaxweynihii koowaad ee [[Maraykanka]] Mudane [[George Washington]] wuxuu asal ahaan ka soo jeedaa dadka Ingiriiska. File:Britain peoples circa 600.svg|Maabka iyio sida u degan yihiin wadanka Ingiriiska File:Flag of the British East India Company (1707).svg|Calanka British EMPIR3 ee (1707).:• File:Flag of the United States (Pantone).svg|Calanka [[Gobolada Midoobay]].:• [[File:Coca-Cola logo.svg|thumb|right|351px|Shirikadda Cabitanka & ”Sharaabka”.<DN.R.pls>!!’]] [[File:Scotiabank logo.svg|thumb|right|351px|Bankiga “Reer”Skootishka.<DN.R.pls>!!’]] [[File:Tesla logo.png|thumb|right|351px|Shirakada Gawsridda “Aduunka”.<DN.R.pls>!!’]] [[File:Rogers Communications (2015).svg|thumb|right|351px|El-Rocker Fellar Families”.:<DN.R.pls.!!|]] [[File:Toronto-Dominion Bank logo.svg|thumb|right|351px|Toronto-Dominion Bank.<DN.R.pls>!!]] [[File:Google 2015 logo.svg|thumb|right|400px|Shirikadda@Internet & Techka:2@Trlln MCP.”:Don’tRPls.>]] [[File:Meta Platforms Inc. logo.svg|thumb|right|350px|Shirikadda@Internet & Techka:2@Trlln MCP.”USA”.:]] [[File:Walmart logo (2025; Alt).svg|thumb|right|350px|Shirkadda Baqaraha e $4@Trlln MCP.”:Dn’tRPls.>]] <ref>https://www.premierleague.com</ref>. <ref>https://www.internationalphoneticalphabet.org/languages/100-most-spoken-languages-by-number-of-native-speakers/</ref>. <Ref>https://www.langcen.cam.ac.uk/resources/lango/oromo.html#:~:text=Language%20of%20the%20Oromo%20people,after%20Arabic%2C%20Hausa%20and%20Swahili.</Ref>. <Ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_United_Kingdom_flags</Ref>.:• <Ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=English |title=Online Etymology Dictionary |publisher=Etymonline.com |accessdate= 28 July 2015}}</Ref> <Ref>https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.TOTL?locations=AU</Ref>.:• <Ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/countries/australia-population</Ref>.:• </gallery> <Ref>https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/2015/04/02/religious-projections-2010-2050/</Ref>.:• ==Tixraac== {{reflist}} {{gumud}} {{commons|English people}} [[Category:Ingiriis]] [[Great Britain]] [[United Kingdom]] [[Category:UK]] 6hhei7jortpfn3s2lguic1lcrx9o2p8 0 23429 297035 295984 2026-05-07T19:26:24Z Abdimalik7273 45540 Created by translating the section "Early life and education" from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1351082145|Jeff Bezos]]" 297035 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Jeff Bezos 2016.jpg|thumb|260px|Jeff Bezos]] '''Jeff Bezos''', magaciisa saxda waa '''Jeffrey Preston Bezos''' (/ˈbeɪzoʊs/, wuxuuna dhashay 12, jennuary 1964), waa [[bilyaneer]] [[Gobolada Midoobay|Mareykan]] ah oo ganacsade ah isla markaana ah aas-aasaha shirkadda [[Amazon]]. Jeff Bezos waa nin maalgashte ahaahadane injiner wuxuuna cilmi dheer u lahaa sayniska kombiyuutarka. Jeff Bezos waa aasaasaha iyo maamulihii hore ee Amazon, mid ka mid ah shirkadaha ugu waaweyn ee tiknoolajiyada adduunka, oo uu aasaasay sanadkii 2000 oo uu gaaray heerkii ugu sareeyay ee ganacsigeeda sanadkii 2015-kii. Iyada oo hantida saafiga ah ee [[Dollarka Maraykanka|$]] 112 bilyan, Jeff Bezos wuxuu mar ahaa "qofka ugu taajirsan adduunka", sida laga soo xigtay [[Forbes]], inta u dhaxeysay 2017 iyo 2021, markaas oo uu ka horreeyey mogulka tiknoolojiyadda ee [[Ustareliya]]ka [[Elon Musk]].:: Qoraaga xogtaan ''Sammyboi'' (heykal). == Noloshiisii hore iyo waxbarashada == Bezos wuxuu ku magacbaxay Jeffrey Preston Jorgensen Janaayo 12, 1964, Albuquerque, New Mexico, waxaa dhalay Jacklyn ( ''née'' Gise) (1946–2025) iyo Ted Jorgensen (1944–2015). Xilligii uu dhalanayay, hooyadiis waxay ahayd arday dugsi sare ah oo 17 jir ah, aabihiisna wuxuu ahaa 19 jir. Ted wuxuu ahaa nin u dhashay dalka Denmark oo baaskiil wada oo ku dhashay Chicago, wuxuuna kasoo jeedaa qoys Baptist ah. <ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=t95iRvivDHIC&dq=%22jeff+bezos%22+%22baptists%22&pg=PT139|title=The Everything Store: Jeff Bezos and the Age of Amazon|date=October 15, 2013|publisher=Little, Brown|isbn=978-0-316-21925-9|access-date=March 19, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230807120541/https://books.google.com/books?id=t95iRvivDHIC&dq=%22jeff%20bezos%22%20%22baptists%22&pg=PT139|archive-date=August 7, 2023|url-status=live}}</ref> Kaddib markii ay dhammeeysay dugsiga sare wallow ay jireen xaalado adag, Jacklyn waxay ka qeybgashay dugsi xilliga habeenkii ah, iyadoo wadata ilmaheeda yar. Jeff wuxuu markii uu labba sanno jirsaday billaabay dugsiga Montessori ee Albuquerque. Ted (Jeff aabbihiis) wuxuu la dhibaataysnaa khamriga iyo xaalado dhaqaale xumo. Jacklyn waxay ka tagtay ninkeeda si ay ula noolaato waalidkeed, iyadoo gudbisay dacwad furiin bishii Juun 1965-tii, markaas oo Jeff uu jiray 17 bilood oo qura. Ka dib furiinka waalidkiis, hooyadiis waxay guursatay Miguel "Mike" Bezos, oo ahaa soo-galooti u dhashay dalka Kuuba, bishii Abriil 1968-dii. Arooska ka dib, Mike wuxuu si sharci ah u korsaday Jeff oo markaas 4 sano jir ahaa, magaca qoyskana waxaa looga beddelay Jorgensen loona dhigay Bezos. Jacklyn, ninkeedii cusub, iyo wiilkeeduba waxay ka guureen degaankaas, iyagoo ka codsaday Ted inuu joojiyo xiriirka uu la leeyahay wiilka, codsigaas oo uu oggolaaday. Markii Mike uu shahaadadiisa ka qaatay Jaamacadda New Mexico, qoysku waxay u guureen Houston, Texas, si uu ugu bilaabo shaqo injineernimo shirkadda Exxon. Jeff wuxuu waxbarashada dugsiga hoose ka bilaabay River Oaks Elementary School ee Houston, halkaas oo uu dhiganayay fasallada afraad ilaa lixaad. Jeff awowgiis dhanka hoose wuxuu ahaa Lawrence Preston Gise, oo ahaa agaasime goboleedka Guddiga Tamarta Atommiga ee Mareykanka (AEC) ee Albuquerque. Lawrence wuxuu goor hore ka fariistay shaqada isagoo u guuray beer qoyskiisu ku lahaayeen meel u dhow Cotulla, Texas. Jeff wuxuu halkaas ku qaadan jiray xagaayo badan xilligii yaraantiisii; beertaas oo uu markii dambe iibsaday, kana ballaariyay 25,000 oo hektar ilaa 160,000 oo hektar. Jeff wuxuu muujiyay xiiso cilmiyeed iyo aqoon farsamo, isagoo mar ku xiray alaarmiga korontada qolkiisa si uu uga ilaaliyo walaalihiis ka yaraa. Qoysku waxay markii dambe u guureen Miami, Florida, halkaas oo Jeff uu ka dhigtay dugsiga sare ee Miami Palmetto High School. Intii uu dugsiga sare ku jiray, wuxuu ka shaqayn jiray maqaayadda McDonald's isagoo ahaa cunto-kariye (line cook) xilliga quraacda. Bezos wuxuu ka qayb qaatay Barnaamijka Tababarka Sayniska ee Ardayda ee Jaamacadda Florida. Wuxuu ahaa ardayga ugu sarreeya fasalkiisa (valedictorian), wuxuuna ku guulaystay abaalmarino dhawr ah oo ay ka mid yihiin National Merit Scholar iyo Silver Knight Award sanadkii 1982-kii. Khudbadiisii qalin-jabinta, Bezos wuxuu u sheegay dhagaystayaasha inuu ku riyoonayo maalin bini'aadanku ay degaan ka samaysan doonaan hawada sare. Jariidad maxalli ah ayaa soo xigatay ujeedkiisa ahaa "inuu dadka oo dhan ka saaro dhulka, dhulkana loo beddelo beer qaran oo aad u weyn". Kaddib markii uu ka qalin-jabiyay dugsiga sare 1982-kii, Bezos wuxuu galay Jaamacadda Princeton. Markii hore wuxuu bartay cilmiga Fiisigiska (physics), balse markii dambe wuxuu u beddelay Injineernimada Korontada iyo Sayniska Kombiyuutarka. Sanadkii 2018-kii, isagoo hadal ka jeedinayay Naadiga Dhaqaalaha ee Washington, D.C., Bezos wuxuu shaaca ka qaaday in qiyaastii soddon sano ka hor, arday ay isku fasal ahaayeen oo lagu magacaabo Yasantha Rajakarunanayake uu kaga guulaystay xallinta dhibaatada xisaabta, taasna ay ku kalliftay inuu iska daayo riyadiisii ahayd inuu noqdo saynisyahan ku takhasusay Fiisigiska Aragtida (theoretical physicist). Bezos wuxuu xubin ka ahaa Quadrangle Club, oo ka mid ah 11-ka naadi ee wax lagu cuno ee Princeton. Intaas waxaa dheer, wuxuu ahaa guddoomiyaha qaybta Princeton ee ururka "Students for the Exploration and Development of Space" (SEDS). Wuxuu ku qalin-jabiyay dhibco aad u sarreeya (GPA 4.2), waxaana loo doortay xubinnimada ururrada sharafta leh ee Phi Beta Kappa iyo Tau Beta Pi. Bezos wuxuu ka qalin-jabiyay Princeton sanadkii 1986-kii isagoo qaatay shahaadada Bachelor of Science in Engineering (BSE), isagoo ku gudbay dhibcaha ugu sarreeya ee sharafta leh (summa cum laude). == Early life and education == Bezos wuxuu ku dhashay Jeffrey Preston Jorgensen taarikhdu markay ahayd Janaayo 12, 1964, Albuquerque, New Mexico, ilaa Jacklyn ( ''née'' Gise) (1946–2025) iyo Ted Jorgensen (1944–2015). Markii uu dhashay, hooyadiis waxay ahayd ardayad dhigata dugsiga sare da' ahan waxay ahayd 17 jir , aabihiisna wuxuu ahaa 19 jir. Ted wuxuu ahaa nin danish maraykana oo baskil-yahana wuxuuna ku dhashay Chicago, isagoo ka soo jeeda qoys ka tirsan Baptists-ka. <ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=t95iRvivDHIC&dq=%22jeff+bezos%22+%22baptists%22&pg=PT139|title=The Everything Store: Jeff Bezos and the Age of Amazon|date=October 15, 2013|publisher=Little, Brown|isbn=978-0-316-21925-9|access-date=March 19, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230807120541/https://books.google.com/books?id=t95iRvivDHIC&dq=%22jeff%20bezos%22%20%22baptists%22&pg=PT139|archive-date=August 7, 2023|url-status=live}}</ref> Ka dib markii uu dhammaystay dugsiga sare inkastoo ay ku jireen duruufo adag, Jacklyn waxay dhigan jirtay dugsiga habeenkii, iyadoo uu la socdo ilmaheedu. Jeff wuxuu waxbarasho ka bilaabay dugsiga Montessori ah oo ku yaal Albuquerque markii uu ahaa laba sano jir. Ted wuxuu la halgaamayay khamriga iyo dhaqaalihiisa. <ref>{{Cite news|deadurl=Brad Stone (journalist)}}</ref> Jacklyn waxay ninkeeda ka tagtay si ay ula noolaato waalidkeed, iyadoo codsi furiin ah ka gudbisay Juun 1965 markii Jeff uu jiray 17 bilood. <ref>{{Cite book|last=Stone|first=Brad|title=[[The Everything Store]]|publisher=[[Little, Brown and Company|Little, Brown]]|year=2013|isbn=978-0-316-21926-6|author-link=Brad Stone (journalist)}}</ref> Kadib markii waalidkiisu kala tageen, hooyadiis waxay guursatay Miguel "Mike" Bezos oo ahaa muhaajir u dhashay Kuuba bishii Abriil 1968. Wax yar ka dib arooskoodi, Mike wuxuu korsaday Jeff oo ahaa 4 jir, kaasoo magaciisa rasmiga ah laga beddelay Jorgensen laguna beddelay Bezos. Jacklyn, ninkeeda, iyo wiilkeeda ayaa ka tagay aagga waxayna Ted ka codsadeen inuu joojiyo xiriirka, taas oo uu ku raacay. Ka dib markii Mike uu shahaadada koowad ka qaatay Jaamacadda New Mexico, qoysku waxay u guureen [[Houston]], Texas, si uu u bilaabo inuu injineer ahaan uga shaqeeyo Exxon . Awoowgii hooyo ee Jeff wuxuu ahaa Lawrence Preston Gise, oo ahaa agaasime goboleed ka tirsan Guddiga Tamarta Atomiga ee Mareykanka (AEC) ee Albuquerque. Lawrence wuxuu hawlgab ku noqday beertii qoyskiisa oo uu dhow Cotulla, Texas, halkaas oo uu awowgiis kula qaadan jiray xagaaga inta badan yaraantiisi , kaas oo uu markii dambe iibsan doono oo uu ka ballaarin doono {{Convert|25000|acre|ha|0}} ilaa {{Convert|160000|acre|ha|0}} . Jeff wuxuu muujin jiray xiisaha uu hayo sayniska iyo aqoonta tiknoolajiyada, wuxuuna mar qalab digniin bixiya oo koronto ku shaqeeya u adeegsaday si uu uga ilaaliyo walaalihiis ka yar inay ka baxaan qolkiisa. Dugsiga sare, wuxuu ka shaqeeyay McDonald's isagoo ah mudalabka khadka gaaban inta lagu jiro shaqada quraacda. Wuxuu ahaa arday dhigta fasalka dugsiga sare, Aqoonyahanka Heerka Qaranka, <ref name="Robinson 2010, p. 24" /> iyagoo ku guuleystay Abaalmarinta Silver Knight sanadkii 1982. Khudbaddiisii qalin-jabinta, Bezos wuxuu dhagaystayaasha u sheegay inuu ku riyoon jiray maalinta uu bani'aadamku gumeysan doono hawada sare . Sannadkii 2018, intii lagu jiray khudbad uu ka jeediyay Naadiga Dhaqaalaha ee Washington, DC, Bezos wuxuu shaaca ka qaaday, in qiyaastii soddon sano ka hor, saaxiibkii fasalka Princeton Yasantha Rajakarunanayake uu ka adkaaday xallinta dhibaato xisaabeed, taasoo keentay inuu ka quusto riyadiisa ah inuu noqdo fiisigis aragtiyeed. Wuxuu haystay GPA 4.2 waxaana loo doortay Phi Beta Kappa iyo Tau Beta Pi . Bezos wuxuu ka qalin jabiyay Princeton sanadkii 1986 isagoo haysta shahaadada koowaad ee cilmiga injineernimada (BSE), ''oo ah shahaadada koowaad ee'' cilmiga sayniska. fwwnnseapesttkm2u84gb5sh64xfhm4 297036 297035 2026-05-07T19:30:37Z Abdimalik7273 45540 Waxan saxay dhanka naxwaha 297036 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Jeff Bezos 2016.jpg|thumb|260px|Jeff Bezos]] '''Jeff Bezos''', magaciisa saxda waa '''Jeffrey Preston Bezos''' (/ˈbeɪzoʊs/, wuxuuna dhashay 12, jennuary 1964), waa [[bilyaneer]] [[Gobolada Midoobay|Mareykan]] ah oo ganacsade ah isla markaana ah aas-aasaha shirkadda [[Amazon]]. Jeff Bezos waa nin maalgashade ahna injiner wuxuuna aqoon durugsan u leeyahay sayniska kombiyuutarka. Jeff Bezos waa aasaasaha iyo maamulihii hore ee Amazon, mid ka mid ah shirkadaha ugu waaweyn ee tiknoolajiyada adduunka, oo uu aasaasay sanadkii 2000 oo uu gaaray heerkii ugu sareeyay ee ganacsigeeda sanadkii 2015-kii. Iyada oo hantida saafiga ah ee [[Dollarka Maraykanka|$]] 112 bilyan, Jeff Bezos wuxuu mar ahaa "qofka ugu taajirsan adduunka", sida laga soo xigtay [[Forbes]], inta u dhaxeysay 2017 iyo 2021, markaas oo uu ka horreeyey mogulka tiknoolojiyadda ee [[Ustareliya]]ka [[Elon Musk]].:: Qoraaga xogtaan ''Sammyboi'' (heykal). == Noloshiisii hore iyo waxbarashada == Bezos wuxuu ku magacbaxay Jeffrey Preston Jorgensen Janaayo 12, 1964, Albuquerque, New Mexico, waxaa dhalay Jacklyn ( ''née'' Gise) (1946–2025) iyo Ted Jorgensen (1944–2015). Xilligii uu dhalanayay, hooyadiis waxay ahayd arday dugsi sare ah oo 17 jir ah, aabihiisna wuxuu ahaa 19 jir. Ted wuxuu ahaa nin u dhashay dalka Denmark oo baaskiil wada oo ku dhashay Chicago, wuxuuna kasoo jeedaa qoys Baptist ah. <ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=t95iRvivDHIC&dq=%22jeff+bezos%22+%22baptists%22&pg=PT139|title=The Everything Store: Jeff Bezos and the Age of Amazon|date=October 15, 2013|publisher=Little, Brown|isbn=978-0-316-21925-9|access-date=March 19, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230807120541/https://books.google.com/books?id=t95iRvivDHIC&dq=%22jeff%20bezos%22%20%22baptists%22&pg=PT139|archive-date=August 7, 2023|url-status=live}}</ref> Kaddib markii ay dhammeeysay dugsiga sare wallow ay jireen xaalado adag, Jacklyn waxay ka qeybgashay dugsi xilliga habeenkii ah, iyadoo wadata ilmaheeda yar. Jeff wuxuu markii uu labba sanno jirsaday billaabay dugsiga Montessori ee Albuquerque. Ted (Jeff aabbihiis) wuxuu la dhibaataysnaa khamriga iyo xaalado dhaqaale xumo. Jacklyn waxay ka tagtay ninkeeda si ay ula noolaato waalidkeed, iyadoo gudbisay dacwad furiin bishii Juun 1965-tii, markaas oo Jeff uu jiray 17 bilood oo qura. Ka dib furiinka waalidkiis, hooyadiis waxay guursatay Miguel "Mike" Bezos, oo ahaa soo-galooti u dhashay dalka Kuuba, bishii Abriil 1968-dii. Arooska ka dib, Mike wuxuu si sharci ah u korsaday Jeff oo markaas 4 sano jir ahaa, magaca qoyskana waxaa looga beddelay Jorgensen loona dhigay Bezos. Jacklyn, ninkeedii cusub, iyo wiilkeeduba waxay ka guureen degaankaas, iyagoo ka codsaday Ted inuu joojiyo xiriirka uu la leeyahay wiilka, codsigaas oo uu oggolaaday. Markii Mike uu shahaadadiisa ka qaatay Jaamacadda New Mexico, qoysku waxay u guureen Houston, Texas, si uu ugu bilaabo shaqo injineernimo shirkadda Exxon. Jeff wuxuu waxbarashada dugsiga hoose ka bilaabay River Oaks Elementary School ee Houston, halkaas oo uu dhiganayay fasallada afraad ilaa lixaad. Jeff awowgiis dhanka hoose wuxuu ahaa Lawrence Preston Gise, oo ahaa agaasime goboleedka Guddiga Tamarta Atommiga ee Mareykanka (AEC) ee Albuquerque. Lawrence wuxuu goor hore ka fariistay shaqada isagoo u guuray beer qoyskiisu ku lahaayeen meel u dhow Cotulla, Texas. Jeff wuxuu halkaas ku qaadan jiray xagaayo badan xilligii yaraantiisii; beertaas oo uu markii dambe iibsaday, kana ballaariyay 25,000 oo hektar ilaa 160,000 oo hektar. Jeff wuxuu muujiyay xiiso cilmiyeed iyo aqoon farsamo, isagoo mar ku xiray alaarmiga korontada qolkiisa si uu uga ilaaliyo walaalihiis ka yaraa. Qoysku waxay markii dambe u guureen Miami, Florida, halkaas oo Jeff uu ka dhigtay dugsiga sare ee Miami Palmetto High School. Intii uu dugsiga sare ku jiray, wuxuu ka shaqayn jiray maqaayadda McDonald's isagoo ahaa cunto-kariye (line cook) xilliga quraacda. Bezos wuxuu ka qayb qaatay Barnaamijka Tababarka Sayniska ee Ardayda ee Jaamacadda Florida. Wuxuu ahaa ardayga ugu sarreeya fasalkiisa (valedictorian), wuxuuna ku guulaystay abaalmarino dhawr ah oo ay ka mid yihiin National Merit Scholar iyo Silver Knight Award sanadkii 1982-kii. Khudbadiisii qalin-jabinta, Bezos wuxuu u sheegay dhagaystayaasha inuu ku riyoonayo maalin bini'aadanku ay degaan ka samaysan doonaan hawada sare. Jariidad maxalli ah ayaa soo xigatay ujeedkiisa ahaa "inuu dadka oo dhan ka saaro dhulka, dhulkana loo beddelo beer qaran oo aad u weyn". Kaddib markii uu ka qalin-jabiyay dugsiga sare 1982-kii, Bezos wuxuu galay Jaamacadda Princeton. Markii hore wuxuu bartay cilmiga Fiisigiska (physics), balse markii dambe wuxuu u beddelay Injineernimada Korontada iyo Sayniska Kombiyuutarka. Sanadkii 2018-kii, isagoo hadal ka jeedinayay Naadiga Dhaqaalaha ee Washington, D.C., Bezos wuxuu shaaca ka qaaday in qiyaastii soddon sano ka hor, arday ay isku fasal ahaayeen oo lagu magacaabo Yasantha Rajakarunanayake uu kaga guulaystay xallinta dhibaatada xisaabta, taasna ay ku kalliftay inuu iska daayo riyadiisii ahayd inuu noqdo saynisyahan ku takhasusay Fiisigiska Aragtida (theoretical physicist). Bezos wuxuu xubin ka ahaa Quadrangle Club, oo ka mid ah 11-ka naadi ee wax lagu cuno ee Princeton. Intaas waxaa dheer, wuxuu ahaa guddoomiyaha qaybta Princeton ee ururka "Students for the Exploration and Development of Space" (SEDS). Wuxuu ku qalin-jabiyay dhibco aad u sarreeya (GPA 4.2), waxaana loo doortay xubinnimada ururrada sharafta leh ee Phi Beta Kappa iyo Tau Beta Pi. Bezos wuxuu ka qalin-jabiyay Princeton sanadkii 1986-kii isagoo qaatay shahaadada Bachelor of Science in Engineering (BSE), isagoo ku gudbay dhibcaha ugu sarreeya ee sharafta leh (summa cum laude). == Early life and education == Bezos wuxuu ku dhashay Jeffrey Preston Jorgensen taarikhdu markay ahayd Janaayo 12, 1964, Albuquerque, New Mexico, ilaa Jacklyn ( ''née'' Gise) (1946–2025) iyo Ted Jorgensen (1944–2015). Markii uu dhashay, hooyadiis waxay ahayd ardayad dhigata dugsiga sare da' ahan waxay ahayd 17 jir , aabihiisna wuxuu ahaa 19 jir. Ted wuxuu ahaa nin danish maraykana oo baskil-yahana wuxuuna ku dhashay Chicago, isagoo ka soo jeeda qoys ka tirsan Baptists-ka. <ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=t95iRvivDHIC&dq=%22jeff+bezos%22+%22baptists%22&pg=PT139|title=The Everything Store: Jeff Bezos and the Age of Amazon|date=October 15, 2013|publisher=Little, Brown|isbn=978-0-316-21925-9|access-date=March 19, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230807120541/https://books.google.com/books?id=t95iRvivDHIC&dq=%22jeff%20bezos%22%20%22baptists%22&pg=PT139|archive-date=August 7, 2023|url-status=live}}</ref> Ka dib markii uu dhammaystay dugsiga sare inkastoo ay ku jireen duruufo adag, Jacklyn waxay dhigan jirtay dugsiga habeenkii, iyadoo uu la socdo ilmaheedu. Jeff wuxuu waxbarasho ka bilaabay dugsiga Montessori ah oo ku yaal Albuquerque markii uu ahaa laba sano jir. Ted wuxuu la halgaamayay khamriga iyo dhaqaalihiisa. <ref>{{Cite news|deadurl=Brad Stone (journalist)}}</ref> Jacklyn waxay ninkeeda ka tagtay si ay ula noolaato waalidkeed, iyadoo codsi furiin ah ka gudbisay Juun 1965 markii Jeff uu jiray 17 bilood. <ref>{{Cite book|last=Stone|first=Brad|title=[[The Everything Store]]|publisher=[[Little, Brown and Company|Little, Brown]]|year=2013|isbn=978-0-316-21926-6|author-link=Brad Stone (journalist)}}</ref> Kadib markii waalidkiisu kala tageen, hooyadiis waxay guursatay Miguel "Mike" Bezos oo ahaa muhaajir u dhashay Kuuba bishii Abriil 1968. Wax yar ka dib arooskoodi, Mike wuxuu korsaday Jeff oo ahaa 4 jir, kaasoo magaciisa rasmiga ah laga beddelay Jorgensen laguna beddelay Bezos. Jacklyn, ninkeeda, iyo wiilkeeda ayaa ka tagay aagga waxayna Ted ka codsadeen inuu joojiyo xiriirka, taas oo uu ku raacay. Ka dib markii Mike uu shahaadada koowad ka qaatay Jaamacadda New Mexico, qoysku waxay u guureen [[Houston]], Texas, si uu u bilaabo inuu injineer ahaan uga shaqeeyo Exxon . Awoowgii hooyo ee Jeff wuxuu ahaa Lawrence Preston Gise, oo ahaa agaasime goboleed ka tirsan Guddiga Tamarta Atomiga ee Mareykanka (AEC) ee Albuquerque. Lawrence wuxuu hawlgab ku noqday beertii qoyskiisa oo uu dhow Cotulla, Texas, halkaas oo uu awowgiis kula qaadan jiray xagaaga inta badan yaraantiisi , kaas oo uu markii dambe iibsan doono oo uu ka ballaarin doono {{Convert|25000|acre|ha|0}} ilaa {{Convert|160000|acre|ha|0}} . Jeff wuxuu muujin jiray xiisaha uu hayo sayniska iyo aqoonta tiknoolajiyada, wuxuuna mar qalab digniin bixiya oo koronto ku shaqeeya u adeegsaday si uu uga ilaaliyo walaalihiis ka yar inay ka baxaan qolkiisa. Dugsiga sare, wuxuu ka shaqeeyay McDonald's isagoo ah mudalabka khadka gaaban inta lagu jiro shaqada quraacda. Wuxuu ahaa arday dhigta fasalka dugsiga sare, Aqoonyahanka Heerka Qaranka, <ref name="Robinson 2010, p. 24" /> iyagoo ku guuleystay Abaalmarinta Silver Knight sanadkii 1982. Khudbaddiisii qalin-jabinta, Bezos wuxuu dhagaystayaasha u sheegay inuu ku riyoon jiray maalinta uu bani'aadamku gumeysan doono hawada sare . Sannadkii 2018, intii lagu jiray khudbad uu ka jeediyay Naadiga Dhaqaalaha ee Washington, DC, Bezos wuxuu shaaca ka qaaday, in qiyaastii soddon sano ka hor, saaxiibkii fasalka Princeton Yasantha Rajakarunanayake uu ka adkaaday xallinta dhibaato xisaabeed, taasoo keentay inuu ka quusto riyadiisa ah inuu noqdo fiisigis aragtiyeed. Wuxuu haystay GPA 4.2 waxaana loo doortay Phi Beta Kappa iyo Tau Beta Pi . Bezos wuxuu ka qalin jabiyay Princeton sanadkii 1986 isagoo haysta shahaadada koowaad ee cilmiga injineernimada (BSE), ''oo ah shahaadada koowaad ee'' cilmiga sayniska. avrp1flzoouk6pl53td2crwmx5oslmj 0 28443 297029 295823 2026-05-07T12:10:51Z ~2026-27704-54 45535 Sax 297029 wikitext text/x-wiki waa mid kamida beelaha isaaqa kuwa ugu balaadhan tiro ahaan<ref>https://www.somalinet.com/forums/viewtopic.php?t=254421</ref> iyo dhul ahaanba, biciide yoonis waxay taariikh ahaan kaalin weyn ku lahayen xaaladkasta oo dalku soomaray. iyago saamentooda kulahaa xitaa kahor intaanu gumaystuhu qabsan dalka. Wagaas oo hogaamiya beeleedyadi waaagi qarnigi 14aad ee kaso jeday biciide ay ka talin jireen bariga somaliland.sidoo kalana waxay dhal wadaagaan beesha sheekhaal <ref>https://www.google.com/search?client=ms-google-coop&cx=partner-pub-7548458662633181%3A2443211434&ei=PMgtXcqCCI6y6QS637GIBg&q=somalia+map+sanaag+clas&oq=somalia+map+sanaag+clas&gs_l=psy-ab.3..38l4.6196.11335..11750...0.0..1.1105.10060.2-1j8j3j3j2j2......0....1..gws-wiz.......0i71j35i39j0j0i131j0i67j0i131i20i263j0i22i30.HgyaXIbfRp8</ref> dhulka hada lo yaqan sanaag bari nugaal iyo sool sido kale waqtigi guumaystaha waxay beesha badh kamidi raacen ama la safteen maamulka boqortoodadii Diiriye Guure oo ahaa ciidamo kaso horjeeday gumaystihii ingriiska waxana ka mid ahaa shire axmed faarax oo ahaaa sheikh caalim ahaa kadibna ku biiray ciidankii [[Diiriye Guure]] ayaa kadib darawishtu waxay dulan kusoo qadeen dhulkii uu kasoo jeeday shire wirif. waxayna cagta mariyen qaar badan oo kamida reerkii sheekh wirif oo iyagu ingiriska<ref>https://www.jstor.org/stable/1157617</ref> la safna ama taageer sanaa markasu tiriyay gabay uu ugu adkesan kari wayay xanta iyo tuhunka ay ka qaben beeshisa oo ay is lahaayen isaga ayaa ka danbeeya duulanka daraawishtu idnku sooqaday. taariikhaha hore waxa jiray marki beeshu kabadatay asaaaged in iyagi isu muuqdeen oo ay colaadi ka dhex bilaabatay qaar ka mida beelaha biciide laftisa waxana jiray dagaal soconayay waqti dheer oo u dhaxeeyay '''[[axmed faarax(habarjeclo)]]''' iyo oo ay ku idladen sheekhi iyo sharifki iyo xoogi labadasi belod beeshu waxay ka talinjirtay xeebta teedsan berbera ilaa maydh oo ay boqoradi, iyo hogamiye qabailki, ka dhashay beeshu ka talin jireen dekeda has iyado waxa ugu muhimsana ee laga so dejin jirau aha timirta, waqtigan casriga beeshu waxay ka tirsan tahay dadka dega gobolada waqooyi somaliland gaar ahaan Sanaag Saaxil Sool iyo Togdheer<ref>https://www.google.com/search?q=somaliland+clan+map&tbm=isch&source=iu&ictx=1&fir=NjZ7YexnHxS_JM%253A%252CGu4XvyBznsKy4M%252C_&vet=1&usg=AI4_-kRnYtBg1Ap92B_RTGpw7yJyr_d5dQ&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwi71_7f3rnjAhWKDuwKHYVYDFkQ9QEwAXoECAcQBg#imgrc=NjZ7YexnHxS_JM:</ref> [[Sax]] ==Dhulka ay degaan== beeshu waxay degtaa 4 kamida 6da gobol ee waaweyn ee somaliland<ref>https://www.google.com/search?q=somaliland+clan+map&tbm=isch&source=iu&ictx=1&fir=NjZ7YexnHxS_JM%253A%252CGu4XvyBznsKy4M%252C_&vet=1&usg=AI4_-kRnYtBg1Ap92B_RTGpw7yJyr_d5dQ&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwi71_7f3rnjAhWKDuwKHYVYDFkQ9QEwAXoECAcQBg#imgrc=NjZ7YexnHxS_JM:</ref> iyo magaalooyin waaweyn ooy ka midyihin BURCO, waxayna kamidyihin dadka sida nabada ugu wada nool magalada Burco<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erigavo</ref> sidoo kale waxay deganyihin magalada [[burco]], waxay qayb baladhan ka yihin dadka ku dhaqan magala xebeedka berbera. Qomiyadani waxay degta magaloyinka qoryaale, Beer, ina afmadoobe, xood, waridaad '''Xeebta ugu dheer [[somaliland]] waxa dega [[habarjeclo]] gaar ahaan maxamed abokor siiba qabiilkan axmed faarax''' magaloyinkasna waxa kamida, [[shalcaw]], [[ruguuda]], [[conqor]], [[soddonlay]], [[laasdoomaare]], [[karin]], [[duurdhiil]], [[laasodhagax guduud]], [[kalyo waqal]], [[mulaax bayle]], [[duurdhiil]] [[laasodhagax guduud]] [[kalyo waqal]] [[mulaax bayle]] [[ruguuda]] [[xiis]] [[soddonlay]] [[shalcaw]] ==Qaybaha ay u kalabaxaan== BICIIDE waa qabiilka ugu badan reer sheikh isxaaq gar ahan habarjeclo waxayna ka mid yihin [[muuse abokor]] oo u dhigma 60% habarjeclo waxayna ukala baxaan reero aad ufara badan sida halkan kaga muqata....<ref>https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Habar_Jeclo</ref> *biciide yoonis **iidle biciide **samatar biciide **Waadhowr biciide **faarax biciide (bah jabrahiil) ***faahiye faarax ***wacays faarax ***roobsuge faarax ***geedi faarax ***guuleed faarax ***muuse faarax ***cali faarax ***cumar faarax ***cabdile faarax ***axmed faarax ***iidle faarax ****cabdi iidle ****bayle iidle ****maxamud iidle ****cali iidle ****xuseen iidle ****geedi iidle ****faarax iidle ****xildiid iidle ****guuleed iidle ****Cismaan iidle **** muuse iidle **** maxamed iidle ***[[Axmed Faarax|axmed faarax]] ****xasan axmed ****xuseen axmed ****cabdalla axmed ****cali axmed *****yabaal cali *****samatar cali *****muumin cali *****muuse cali *samatar biciide(bah sanbuur) **reer raage **bah adaraxmaan **bah muuse *dhowr biciide(bah sanbuur) **bah cimraan **bah muxumed ***xildiid muxumed ***faahiye muxumed **bah awal (xasan) ***axmed xasan ***jibriil xasan ***maxmed xasan ***ibrahim xasan ***maxamuud xasan *IIDLE Biciide(bah jibraahiil) ●Cismaan iidle ▪︎Cigaal cismaan ▪︎cali cismaan ● Cabdulle cabdi ● Saalax ● Rooble ● wacays ● Xareed . ''''Erigavo sanaag somaliland''' ==Dadka Caanka ah ee kasoo jeeda== WAXA kasoo jeeda dad caana oo farabadan oo soo maray dowladihi waqti bilowgi xadarada, british somaliland, somalia, iyo somaliland ta hada, waxana kamida: '''MUJAAHIDIINTA''' *muj. Carab ducaale *Muj: jaamac saalax midhiq *Muj: muuse bidaar *Muj: cabdi ciid ( ka mid ragii birjeex jabsaday) *Muj: Siciid axmed dhigane ( ku shahiiday jabsashadii birjeex) *cabdilahi masyar *Binate samaysane *sicid salax dibow *muj.gadhle ciroobe *Cabdulahi Salax oogle (shiekh laf) *muj. indha haadle *General Maxamed cabdi cabdulle (fanax) *General Carab ducaale cilmi (abaanduulihii SNM) *Korneyl muuse xasan dhunkaal ( muuse bidaar) taliyihii guutada 1aad ee SNM *Taliyaha madaxtooyada Alyoos Jaamac ducaale '''DHAQANKA''' *Boqor indha-aare ( Boqor ka talinjiray xeebaha iyo deegaanada Sanaag qarnigii 19aad). *Abaanduule Cabdi faarax ( Hogaamiyihii Barre Adaraxmaan iyo muuse abokor qarnigii 18aad) *Abaanduule cigaal muuse faarax *Abaanduule Ahaana chief caaqil Axmed yare *Abaanduule ahaana chief caaqil Dhunkaal Axmed Yare ( abaan duule Burco iyo Caynaba) * Jiif caaqil Axmed Faarax saalax(xeedhidheere) darwiish, Jiif caaqil abaanduulkii muse abokor bari. * Jiif caaqil Xaaji Xasan Axmed ganacsade awood leh jiif caaqil Muse Abokor bari ( gobolka Sanaag) * Axmed Cali Saalax ganacsade (ninkii dukaankii u horeyey ka furay Ceerigaabo. *Jibriil Xaaji ducaale faarax gudomiyihii gobolka Sanaag xiligii afweyne ahna oday si weyn loga yaqaan gobolka sanaag. jaamac Maxamed cigaal( ninkii daartii u horeysay ka dhisay Ceerigaabo) *Boqor cismaan aw-maxamud buurmadow *AHN Chief Caaqil jaamac faarax *AHN Chief caaqil aw aadan jaamac faarax *Cheif caaqil Lixle *AHN Suldaan maxamed cabdi cali *AHN Suldaan carab cabdi cali *Suldaan Sharmaarke Suldaan maxamed cabdi cali *AHN Cheif caaqil Faarax maxamed dhunkaal * jiif caaqil Axmed jiif caaqil Yuusuf warsangeli *Caaqil Cabdirashiid Ducaale digaale *cheif caaqil faysal abokor *suldaan Faarax ducaale cali *suldaan Qudde '''CULIMADA''' *AHN:Sheekh Ismaaciil Tabliiq (Aasaasihii jamaacatu tabliiq) *Sheekh abdirahman Osman aw mohamoud( sheekhal baladka Sanaag) *Sheekh siciid Qaxwe *Sheekh Faysal Cilmi *Sheekh Jaamaca Ducaale Digaale *Sheekh Ahmed muuse *Sheekh Aadan cali '''FANKA''' *abwaan Cabdi OOGLE (AarsaDe) *abwaan:- shire widhidhif *abwaan :- dhegawanle *abwaan:- jaamac cadde *Abwaan:- Xuseen Gabaydhe *abwaan:- aw cabdi muuse *abwaan:- digaale jaamac *abwaan:- axmed caadleef *abwaan:- axmed daad *abwaan:- siciid ayaanle *abwaan:- maxamed diiriye (xujaale) *abwaan:- xuseen jaamac *abwaan:- awcilmi ducaale jibriil<ref>http://www.hoygasuugaanta.com/ShireWiririf.html</ref> *Abwaan abyan warsame cali *Abwaan aadan kacaan '''SIYAASIYIINTA''' *Siyaasi ahna Abaanduule muuse abokor :maxamed xaji ducaale axmed yare( dhoolayare) *Siyaasi mujaahid SNM yuusuf maxamed cali xayd ( wasiirkii ugu horeeyay wasaarada madaxtooyada ee Sland 1991 ahaana xildhibaan) *Siyaasi Axmed siciid Maxamed (Godane) DG Agaasimaha guud ee ciyaara *Siyaasi Cabdilaahi maxamed ducaale (wasiirkii ugu mudada dheeraa wasaarada arimaha debeda Jamhuuriyada SoomaaliLand) *Siyaasi Xasan Maxamed Cali (aas-aasihii ururkii rays ahna wasiirka ugu mudada dheer xakuumadii muuse biixi) * siyaasi ismacil ducale cadhoome wasiirka waxbarashada xukuumada cirro * Ismaaciil faarax maxamed (dadqal) aasaasihii xisbigii talada dalka hayey 2002-2010 ee UDUB * Badhasaabkii hore ee gobolka sanaag Axmed Cabdi muuse * wasiir hore ahna badhasaabka gobolka sanaag Maxamuud Raage * Wasiir hore xasan maxamed cali (gaafadhi) * Agaasimaha guud tamarta shucayb cismaan maxamuud * Cismaan faarax maxamed (Hamasholl) *Siyaasi maxamed nuur amaan ( xildhibaan 1968) *Siyaasi saalax xaji xasan xildhiban gole deegaan 1968 Ceerigaabo DHANKA SIYAASADA WAXA ka soo jeeda diktoorka caanka halyeyga ah ee DR [[Aadan mire wayrax]] oodadka reer somaliland ay jecel yihin aqoontiisa iyo daacadnimada u u shaqeeyo ,gudoomiyahii xisbiga [[rays]] ee somaliland eng ''xasan'maxamed gaafadhi''' wasirka xanaanada xoolaha somaaliland ee hada dowlada muse bixi, sido jale jaamac Saalx axmed midhiq, oo ka tirsana Golihi dhexe SNM iyo Aasaasayashu SDF, badhasaabki u horeeyay ee sanaag mr MIDHIQ, badhasabk sanag xukumada muse bixi Axmed isdeber. ==Tijaarta ka dhalatay== Wakhtigan casrigaa waxa dalka ka jira shirkado malaayin dollar haysta waxana qaar badan ookamida kaso jedan beesha biciide eee isaaq waxana kamida..... *ASLIMAYDI <ref>{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=https://www.menafn.com/qn_news_story_s.aspx?storyid=1095810526&title=Somaliland-Asli-Maydi-Chinese-Investors-and-The-Politics-of-Frankincense&src=RSS |access-date=2022-03-10 |archive-date=2023-06-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230620150821/https://www.menafn.com/qn_news_story_s.aspx?storyid=1095810526&title=Somaliland-Asli-Maydi-Chinese-Investors-and-The-Politics-of-Frankincense&src=RSS |dead-url=yes }}</ref> *AL IKHWa *Som tuna factory *Shaah yahan * xaaji salaaben gaagale (Baho) *Mubarak Pharmacy company *Al Badar Enterprise. <references /> • Mubarik Fuel Station pqae33qt3mz16wz6utrw50su9l5txiz 0 38386 297048 296762 2026-05-08T04:49:29Z Ali.Sandheere.71 45544 297048 wikitext text/x-wiki Cimraan == Cimraan Yacquub == '''Cimraan Yacquub''' waa [[beel]] Kamid ah beelaha [[Asharaaf]] [[Xasan ibn Cali|Xasani]] Beeshu waxay Ku abtirstaa Sheekh Shariif CimraanYacquub Yaxye Caanuun oo kumagacdheer (Sagaal Xajiile ).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nuqul Archive |url=https://www.noormags.ir/view/en/articlepage/946133/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%81-%D9%81%DB%8C-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86 |access-date=2024-08-18 |archive-date=2024-08-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240818104028/https://www.noormags.ir/view/en/articlepage/946133/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%81-%D9%81%DB%8C-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Kaas oo abtirkiisu yahay sida tan Sheekh Xaaji Shariif Cimraan Yacquub bin Xaaji Sheekh Yaxye bin Canuun bin Abuukar Barakaat bin Nuume bin Idriis bin Cabdulqaadit bin Yaxye bin Sheikh Cabdulqaadir Al-jeylaani bin muuse bin Cabdullahi bin Maxamed bin Dawud bin Muuse bin Cabdullahi bin Muuse bin Cabdullahi bin Xasan bin Xasan bin Cali bin Abii dhaalib (R.C) shekh Shariif Caydaruus wuxuu kuyiti Buugiis (بغية الآمال في تاريخ الصومال) “أ''نّ أشراف سرمان هم من أشراف الحسنيين من ذرية السيد يحيي بن الشيخ عبدالقادر الجيلاني (الولد الأصغر للسيد عبدالقادر) وكانت أمه حبشية ارتيرية، فبعض من ذريته زحفوا إلى الحبشة ثم إلى أذري (هرر) واتصلوا بأخوالهم الحبشيين وصاهروهم ومنها زحفوا أيضا إلى الصومال وخصوصا في أرض سرمان من اراضي رحوين وصاهروهم أيضا، وبعد مضى السنين والأعوام انقلبت طبائعهم العربية ولون بشرتهم، فهذا حقيقة تاريخية ثانية”).'' Beeshu waxa dagan ahan lagu yaqana goboladda laysku yirahdo [[Koonfur Galbeed]] Somalia iyo ""[[Jubaland]]""Waxayna halmeel wada degaan qabiilada Digil iyo Mirifle <ref><nowiki>https://archive.org/details/BughiyatalAamalfeTarikhalSomal</nowiki></ref> Magaca [[sarmaan]] Oo ah magac lagu yaqaano beeshan waa magac asalkiisu yahay geed waana magaca magaalada [[Sarmaan]] , sababta loogu bixiyey ayaa ah Geedka Sarmaan ayaa kubadan magaaladaas , kaddibna waxaa loogu daray dadkii Halkaas degnaa, Lakin Beesha magaceeda saxda ah Waa "Cimraan yacquub" waxaa loogu magac daray sharif Cimraan yacquub kaas oo ay Kasoo farcameen {{Infobox ethnic group|group=Cimraan Yacquub <br / عِمْرَان يَعْقُوب|flag={{flagcountry|Somalia}}|related-c=[[Ashraaf]]|langs=[[Somali language|Somali]]|image=[[Ashraaf]]|region1=Tuuloyinka:- Sarmaan Weyn , Rawlo , Asalan , Kal iyo Kooraar, Aarak , War Cumar, Moolmad. Dhamaan intaas waa meelaha ay Reer shariif yacquub aad uga dagaan Koonfur galbeed.|region2=Degmooyinka:-- Berdaale , Awdiinle , Goobweyn,Goof Gaduud ,|rels=[[Islam]], [[Sunni]]|region22=|image_caption=|region24=|related=[[Carab]] [[Digil iyo Mirifle]]|religions=|languages=|flag_caption=|pop1=|genealogy=[[Asharaaf Xasani]] [[Al Jeylaani]] [[Ahlulbeyt]] [[Reer Shariif Yacquub Sagaal Xajiile]]}} == '''Taariikh kooban''' == Bartamaha qarnigii 13 miilaadiga / 7 Hijriga ayaa waxaa magaalada Harar soo gaarey qaar kamid ah caruuta Sheekh C/qaadir bin Sheekh Abuu Zakariyaa Yaxye binu Sheekh C/qaadir Al jiilaani , si ay ugu faafiyaan diinta islaamka Gobolka [[Geeska afrika|geeska Afrika]] ayaga oo kasoo gudbay baabul mandab ee badda Cas, waxay usoo guureen dhulka Xabashi gaar Ahaan magaalada Harar. Kaddib waxaa dhacday Degaakii weynaa ee udhaxeeyey xabshida iyo muslimiinta Geeska afrika dega gaar ahaan soomaalida , Sidaas Daraaded Ayaa Magaalada Harar kasoo guurey koox Kamid ah Asharaafta ayagoo oo hogaaminaya Qabiilada [[Raxanweyn|Digil iyo Mirifle]] Waxay usoo guureen dhanka koonfurta soomaaliya ayaga oo Hogaaminayo Sayid Shariif Caanuun Bin Abuubakar Barakaat bin Nuume Bin idriis bin C/qaadir Bin Yaxye Bin cabdi qaadir Al jeylaani . Sayid Caanuun wuxuu ku dhashay Magaalada Harar , waxaana kusoo barbaaray kuna waxbartey Isla magaalada Harar , Anuun ayaa ku dhintay jidka ayaga oo kasoo guuray Harar Una soo guuray Koonfurta soomaaliya , waxaa lagu Aasay tuulo Markaas kaddib loo bixiyey (RAYDAB CAANUUN ),oo udhexeyso Gobolka Bokool iyo Hiiraan. RAYDAB ANUUN ayaa kunagaadeen kooxdii lajirtay Anuun 10 sano, inta lagu Guda jirey tobankaas sano wiilkiisi Shariif Yaxye Anuun ayaa meeshaas kaxajiyey Sagaal jeer , Ilaa uu udhameystirantey sagaal Xaj , waxaana ku Caan baxay markaas kadib ( [[sagaal xajiile]])<ref>{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=https://ebookshia.com/books/view/3166/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B4%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%81+%D9%81%DB%8C+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84+%D8%A3%D9%87%D9%84+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86 |access-date=2023-05-11 |archive-date=2023-05-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230511191752/https://ebookshia.com/books/view/3166/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B4%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%81+%D9%81%DB%8C+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84+%D8%A3%D9%87%D9%84+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86 |dead-url=yes }}</ref>. Sagaal xajiile wuxuu kamid yahay Culimada asharaafta ee soomaaliya kuwaas oo dowr weyn kuleh faafinta diinta islaamka , waxaa lasheegaa in 30 dufcadood dugsi udhameysay. Intaas kadib Yaxye Anuun (Sagaal xajiile) waxaa uu unoqdey magaaladad Harar meeshaas oo ay joogaan Qaraabada iyo owlaada Abtiyaashiisa oo kamid ah dadka degan magaalada Harar, Muddo yar kaddib waxaa uu go’aansaday inuu usoo Laabto dhulka koonfurta. Sagaal xajiile Ayaa kudhintay Gobolka Gedo Waxaana meydkiisa lagu Aasay meel loo yaqaano (Irmaan Qare ) oo udhaxeysa Tiyeeglow iyo Beledweyne. Yaxye Anuun Ayaa dhalay hal wiil oo layiraahdo Shariif Yacquub Yaxye Anuun Kadibna Yacquub Waxaa uu sii Dhalay 5 wiil ooo kala ah:- 1.Cimraan yacquub (Farac badan ayaa ka haray) 2.Xasan Yacquub. (Waxba kama farcamin) 3.isxaaq yacquub. (Waxba kama farcamin) 4.Aadan yacquub. (Waxba kama farcamin) 5.Maxamed yacquub (Waxba kama farcamin) == WAA IMISA LAFOOD CIMRAAN YACQUUB? == '''Guud ahaan CIMRAAN YACQUUB WAA 10 LAFOOD''' 1.CABDALE AARAK 2.CUMAR AARAK 3.FOQA WARDHEERE 4.CALI WARDHEERE 5.MISHIB WARDHEERE 6.? ... . WARDHEERE IYO 3 ILMA CUMAR WIYEED -'''Marka laga hadlayo CIMRAAN YACQUUB waxaa ugu tiro badan CABDALE AARAK IYO CUMAR AARAK oo ilaa 7 lafood usii kala baxa.''' == Dadka ugu Caansan == '''Culimo''' : 1- [[shariif Cumar Aarak]] 2-sheekh Qamiisdheere 3-shariif Ibraahim Cabdullahi Cali 4-shariif Cabdullahi Ibraahim Axmed (azhar) 5-sheekh maxamuud Fanax 6-sheekh Cabdiraxmaan Markaawi 7-shariif Cali Isxaaq Yuusuf Al sarmaani '''Siyaasiyiin''' : 1-[[Shariif Xasan Sheekh Aadan|Shariif Xasan sheekh Aadan]] 2-Xildhibaan Saalax Shariif Siidkey 3-prof Abdulaziz Shariif Aadan 4-maxamd shariif isxaaq '''Fanaaniin''': 1-shaadiyo Sharaf 2-Aadan Onkod 3-mukhtaar sooshiyaal 4-DONI B == Tixraac == # hgh01a95em5hfs6dnb545hfhdleegp2 297049 297048 2026-05-08T05:44:11Z Ali.Sandheere.71 45544 297049 wikitext text/x-wiki Cimraan == Cimraan Yacquub == '''Cimraan''' waa [[beel]] Kamid ah beelaha [[Asharaaf]] [[Xasan ibn Cali|Xasani]] Beeshu waxay Ku abtirstaa Shariif Cimraan Yacquub Yaxye Caanuun oo kumagacdheer (Sagaal Xajiile ).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nuqul Archive |url=https://www.noormags.ir/view/en/articlepage/946133/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%81-%D9%81%DB%8C-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86 |access-date=2024-08-18 |archive-date=2024-08-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240818104028/https://www.noormags.ir/view/en/articlepage/946133/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%81-%D9%81%DB%8C-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Kaas oo abtirkiisu yahay sida tan Sheekh Xaaji Shariif Cimraan Yacquub bin Xaaji Sheekh Yaxye bin Canuun bin Abuukar Barakaat bin Nuume bin Idriis bin Cabdulqaadit bin Yaxye bin Sheikh Cabdulqaadir Al-jeylaani bin muuse bin Cabdullahi bin Maxamed bin Dawud bin Muuse bin Cabdullahi bin Muuse bin Cabdullahi bin Xasan bin Xasan bin Cali bin Abii dhaalib (R.C) shekh Shariif Caydaruus wuxuu kuyiti Buugiis (بغية الآمال في تاريخ الصومال) “أ''نّ أشراف سرمان هم من أشراف الحسنيين من ذرية السيد يحيي بن الشيخ عبدالقادر الجيلاني (الولد الأصغر للسيد عبدالقادر) وكانت أمه حبشية ارتيرية، فبعض من ذريته زحفوا إلى الحبشة ثم إلى أذري (هرر) واتصلوا بأخوالهم الحبشيين وصاهروهم ومنها زحفوا أيضا إلى الصومال وخصوصا في أرض سرمان من اراضي رحوين وصاهروهم أيضا، وبعد مضى السنين والأعوام انقلبت طبائعهم العربية ولون بشرتهم، فهذا حقيقة تاريخية ثانية”).'' Beeshu waxa dagan ahan lagu yaqana goboladda laysku yirahdo [[Koonfur Galbeed]] Somalia iyo ""[[Jubaland]]""Waxayna halmeel wada degaan qabiilada Digil iyo Mirifle <ref><nowiki>https://archive.org/details/BughiyatalAamalfeTarikhalSomal</nowiki></ref> Magaca [[sarmaan]] Oo ah magac lagu yaqaano beeshan waa magac asalkiisu yahay geed waana magaca magaalada [[Sarmaan]] , sababta loogu bixiyey ayaa ah Geedka Sarmaan ayaa kubadan magaaladaas , kaddibna waxaa loogu daray dadkii Halkaas degnaa, Lakin Beesha magaceeda saxda ah Waa "Cimraan yacquub" waxaa loogu magac daray sharif Cimraan yacquub kaas oo ay Kasoo farcameen {{Infobox ethnic group|group=Cimraan Yacquub <br / عِمْرَان يَعْقُوب|flag={{flagcountry|Somalia}}|related-c=[[Ashraaf]]|langs=[[Somali language|Somali]]|image=[[Ashraaf]]|region1=Tuuloyinka:- Sarmaan Weyn , Rawlo , Asalan , Kal iyo Kooraar, Aarak , War Cumar, Moolmad. Dhamaan intaas waa meelaha ay Reer shariif yacquub aad uga dagaan Koonfur galbeed.|region2=Degmooyinka:-- Berdaale , Awdiinle , Goobweyn,Goof Gaduud ,|rels=[[Islam]], [[Sunni]]|region22=|image_caption=|region24=|related=[[Carab]] [[Digil iyo Mirifle]]|religions=|languages=|flag_caption=|pop1=|genealogy=[[Asharaaf Xasani]] [[Al Jeylaani]] [[Ahlulbeyt]] [[Reer Shariif Yacquub Sagaal Xajiile]]}} == '''Taariikh kooban''' == Bartamaha qarnigii 13 miilaadiga / 7 Hijriga ayaa waxaa magaalada Harar soo gaarey qaar kamid ah caruuta Sheekh C/qaadir bin Sheekh Abuu Zakariyaa Yaxye binu Sheekh C/qaadir Al jiilaani , si ay ugu faafiyaan diinta islaamka Gobolka [[Geeska afrika|geeska Afrika]] ayaga oo kasoo gudbay baabul mandab ee badda Cas, waxay usoo guureen dhulka Xabashi gaar Ahaan magaalada Harar. Kaddib waxaa dhacday Degaakii weynaa ee udhaxeeyey xabshida iyo muslimiinta Geeska afrika dega gaar ahaan soomaalida , Sidaas Daraaded Ayaa Magaalada Harar kasoo guurey koox Kamid ah Asharaafta ayagoo oo hogaaminaya Qabiilada [[Raxanweyn|Digil iyo Mirifle]] Waxay usoo guureen dhanka koonfurta soomaaliya ayaga oo Hogaaminayo Sayid Shariif Caanuun Bin Abuubakar Barakaat bin Nuume Bin idriis bin C/qaadir Bin Yaxye Bin cabdi qaadir Al jeylaani . Sayid Caanuun wuxuu ku dhashay Magaalada Harar , waxaana kusoo barbaaray kuna waxbartey Isla magaalada Harar , Anuun ayaa ku dhintay jidka ayaga oo kasoo guuray Harar Una soo guuray Koonfurta soomaaliya , waxaa lagu Aasay tuulo Markaas kaddib loo bixiyey (RAYDAB CAANUUN ),oo udhexeyso Gobolka Bokool iyo Hiiraan. RAYDAB ANUUN ayaa kunagaadeen kooxdii lajirtay Anuun 10 sano, inta lagu Guda jirey tobankaas sano wiilkiisi Shariif Yaxye Anuun ayaa meeshaas kaxajiyey Sagaal jeer , Ilaa uu udhameystirantey sagaal Xaj , waxaana ku Caan baxay markaas kadib ( [[sagaal xajiile]])<ref>{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=https://ebookshia.com/books/view/3166/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B4%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%81+%D9%81%DB%8C+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84+%D8%A3%D9%87%D9%84+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86 |access-date=2023-05-11 |archive-date=2023-05-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230511191752/https://ebookshia.com/books/view/3166/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B4%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%81+%D9%81%DB%8C+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84+%D8%A3%D9%87%D9%84+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86 |dead-url=yes }}</ref>. Sagaal xajiile wuxuu kamid yahay Culimada asharaafta ee soomaaliya kuwaas oo dowr weyn kuleh faafinta diinta islaamka , waxaa lasheegaa in 30 dufcadood dugsi udhameysay. Intaas kadib Yaxye Anuun (Sagaal xajiile) waxaa uu unoqdey magaaladad Harar meeshaas oo ay joogaan Qaraabada iyo owlaada Abtiyaashiisa oo kamid ah dadka degan magaalada Harar, Muddo yar kaddib waxaa uu go’aansaday inuu usoo Laabto dhulka koonfurta. Sagaal xajiile Ayaa kudhintay Gobolka Gedo Waxaana meydkiisa lagu Aasay meel loo yaqaano (Irmaan Qare ) oo udhaxeysa Tiyeeglow iyo Beledweyne. Yaxye Anuun Ayaa dhalay hal wiil oo layiraahdo Shariif Yacquub Yaxye Anuun Kadibna Yacquub Waxaa uu sii Dhalay 5 wiil ooo kala ah:- 1.Cimraan yacquub (Farac badan ayaa ka haray) 2.Xasan Yacquub. (Waxba kama farcamin) 3.isxaaq yacquub. (Waxba kama farcamin) 4.Aadan yacquub. (Waxba kama farcamin) 5.Maxamed yacquub (Waxba kama farcamin) == WAA IMISA LAFOOD CIMRAAN YACQUUB? == '''Guud ahaan CIMRAAN YACQUUB WAA 10 LAFOOD''' 1.CABDALE AARAK 2.CUMAR AARAK 3.FOQA WARDHEERE 4.CALI WARDHEERE 5.MISHIB WARDHEERE 6.? ... . WARDHEERE IYO 3 ILMA CUMAR WIYEED -'''Marka laga hadlayo CIMRAAN YACQUUB waxaa ugu tiro badan CABDALE AARAK IYO CUMAR AARAK oo ilaa 7 lafood usii kala baxa.''' == Dadka ugu Caansan == '''Culimo''' : 1- [[shariif Cumar Aarak]] 2-sheekh Qamiisdheere 3-shariif Ibraahim Cabdullahi Cali 4-shariif Cabdullahi Ibraahim Axmed (azhar) 5-sheekh maxamuud Fanax 6-sheekh Cabdiraxmaan Markaawi 7-shariif Cali Isxaaq Yuusuf Al sarmaani '''Siyaasiyiin''' : 1-[[Shariif Xasan Sheekh Aadan|Shariif Xasan sheekh Aadan]] 2-Xildhibaan Saalax Shariif Siidkey 3-prof Abdulaziz Shariif Aadan 4-maxamd shariif isxaaq '''Fanaaniin''': 1-shaadiyo Sharaf 2-Aadan Onkod 3-mukhtaar sooshiyaal 4-DONI B == Tixraac == # jibap5cp65ry5sfnyyvljz2mdtsevjn 297050 297049 2026-05-08T05:44:31Z Ali.Sandheere.71 45544 297050 wikitext text/x-wiki Cimraan == Cimraan == '''Cimraan''' waa [[beel]] Kamid ah beelaha [[Asharaaf]] [[Xasan ibn Cali|Xasani]] Beeshu waxay Ku abtirstaa Shariif Cimraan Yacquub Yaxye Caanuun oo kumagacdheer (Sagaal Xajiile ).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nuqul Archive |url=https://www.noormags.ir/view/en/articlepage/946133/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%81-%D9%81%DB%8C-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86 |access-date=2024-08-18 |archive-date=2024-08-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240818104028/https://www.noormags.ir/view/en/articlepage/946133/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%81-%D9%81%DB%8C-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Kaas oo abtirkiisu yahay sida tan Sheekh Xaaji Shariif Cimraan Yacquub bin Xaaji Sheekh Yaxye bin Canuun bin Abuukar Barakaat bin Nuume bin Idriis bin Cabdulqaadit bin Yaxye bin Sheikh Cabdulqaadir Al-jeylaani bin muuse bin Cabdullahi bin Maxamed bin Dawud bin Muuse bin Cabdullahi bin Muuse bin Cabdullahi bin Xasan bin Xasan bin Cali bin Abii dhaalib (R.C) shekh Shariif Caydaruus wuxuu kuyiti Buugiis (بغية الآمال في تاريخ الصومال) “أ''نّ أشراف سرمان هم من أشراف الحسنيين من ذرية السيد يحيي بن الشيخ عبدالقادر الجيلاني (الولد الأصغر للسيد عبدالقادر) وكانت أمه حبشية ارتيرية، فبعض من ذريته زحفوا إلى الحبشة ثم إلى أذري (هرر) واتصلوا بأخوالهم الحبشيين وصاهروهم ومنها زحفوا أيضا إلى الصومال وخصوصا في أرض سرمان من اراضي رحوين وصاهروهم أيضا، وبعد مضى السنين والأعوام انقلبت طبائعهم العربية ولون بشرتهم، فهذا حقيقة تاريخية ثانية”).'' Beeshu waxa dagan ahan lagu yaqana goboladda laysku yirahdo [[Koonfur Galbeed]] Somalia iyo ""[[Jubaland]]""Waxayna halmeel wada degaan qabiilada Digil iyo Mirifle <ref><nowiki>https://archive.org/details/BughiyatalAamalfeTarikhalSomal</nowiki></ref> Magaca [[sarmaan]] Oo ah magac lagu yaqaano beeshan waa magac asalkiisu yahay geed waana magaca magaalada [[Sarmaan]] , sababta loogu bixiyey ayaa ah Geedka Sarmaan ayaa kubadan magaaladaas , kaddibna waxaa loogu daray dadkii Halkaas degnaa, Lakin Beesha magaceeda saxda ah Waa "Cimraan yacquub" waxaa loogu magac daray sharif Cimraan yacquub kaas oo ay Kasoo farcameen {{Infobox ethnic group|group=Cimraan Yacquub <br / عِمْرَان يَعْقُوب|flag={{flagcountry|Somalia}}|related-c=[[Ashraaf]]|langs=[[Somali language|Somali]]|image=[[Ashraaf]]|region1=Tuuloyinka:- Sarmaan Weyn , Rawlo , Asalan , Kal iyo Kooraar, Aarak , War Cumar, Moolmad. Dhamaan intaas waa meelaha ay Reer shariif yacquub aad uga dagaan Koonfur galbeed.|region2=Degmooyinka:-- Berdaale , Awdiinle , Goobweyn,Goof Gaduud ,|rels=[[Islam]], [[Sunni]]|region22=|image_caption=|region24=|related=[[Carab]] [[Digil iyo Mirifle]]|religions=|languages=|flag_caption=|pop1=|genealogy=[[Asharaaf Xasani]] [[Al Jeylaani]] [[Ahlulbeyt]] [[Reer Shariif Yacquub Sagaal Xajiile]]}} == '''Taariikh kooban''' == Bartamaha qarnigii 13 miilaadiga / 7 Hijriga ayaa waxaa magaalada Harar soo gaarey qaar kamid ah caruuta Sheekh C/qaadir bin Sheekh Abuu Zakariyaa Yaxye binu Sheekh C/qaadir Al jiilaani , si ay ugu faafiyaan diinta islaamka Gobolka [[Geeska afrika|geeska Afrika]] ayaga oo kasoo gudbay baabul mandab ee badda Cas, waxay usoo guureen dhulka Xabashi gaar Ahaan magaalada Harar. Kaddib waxaa dhacday Degaakii weynaa ee udhaxeeyey xabshida iyo muslimiinta Geeska afrika dega gaar ahaan soomaalida , Sidaas Daraaded Ayaa Magaalada Harar kasoo guurey koox Kamid ah Asharaafta ayagoo oo hogaaminaya Qabiilada [[Raxanweyn|Digil iyo Mirifle]] Waxay usoo guureen dhanka koonfurta soomaaliya ayaga oo Hogaaminayo Sayid Shariif Caanuun Bin Abuubakar Barakaat bin Nuume Bin idriis bin C/qaadir Bin Yaxye Bin cabdi qaadir Al jeylaani . Sayid Caanuun wuxuu ku dhashay Magaalada Harar , waxaana kusoo barbaaray kuna waxbartey Isla magaalada Harar , Anuun ayaa ku dhintay jidka ayaga oo kasoo guuray Harar Una soo guuray Koonfurta soomaaliya , waxaa lagu Aasay tuulo Markaas kaddib loo bixiyey (RAYDAB CAANUUN ),oo udhexeyso Gobolka Bokool iyo Hiiraan. RAYDAB ANUUN ayaa kunagaadeen kooxdii lajirtay Anuun 10 sano, inta lagu Guda jirey tobankaas sano wiilkiisi Shariif Yaxye Anuun ayaa meeshaas kaxajiyey Sagaal jeer , Ilaa uu udhameystirantey sagaal Xaj , waxaana ku Caan baxay markaas kadib ( [[sagaal xajiile]])<ref>{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=https://ebookshia.com/books/view/3166/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B4%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%81+%D9%81%DB%8C+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84+%D8%A3%D9%87%D9%84+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86 |access-date=2023-05-11 |archive-date=2023-05-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230511191752/https://ebookshia.com/books/view/3166/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B4%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%81+%D9%81%DB%8C+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84+%D8%A3%D9%87%D9%84+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86 |dead-url=yes }}</ref>. Sagaal xajiile wuxuu kamid yahay Culimada asharaafta ee soomaaliya kuwaas oo dowr weyn kuleh faafinta diinta islaamka , waxaa lasheegaa in 30 dufcadood dugsi udhameysay. Intaas kadib Yaxye Anuun (Sagaal xajiile) waxaa uu unoqdey magaaladad Harar meeshaas oo ay joogaan Qaraabada iyo owlaada Abtiyaashiisa oo kamid ah dadka degan magaalada Harar, Muddo yar kaddib waxaa uu go’aansaday inuu usoo Laabto dhulka koonfurta. Sagaal xajiile Ayaa kudhintay Gobolka Gedo Waxaana meydkiisa lagu Aasay meel loo yaqaano (Irmaan Qare ) oo udhaxeysa Tiyeeglow iyo Beledweyne. Yaxye Anuun Ayaa dhalay hal wiil oo layiraahdo Shariif Yacquub Yaxye Anuun Kadibna Yacquub Waxaa uu sii Dhalay 5 wiil ooo kala ah:- 1.Cimraan yacquub (Farac badan ayaa ka haray) 2.Xasan Yacquub. (Waxba kama farcamin) 3.isxaaq yacquub. (Waxba kama farcamin) 4.Aadan yacquub. (Waxba kama farcamin) 5.Maxamed yacquub (Waxba kama farcamin) == WAA IMISA LAFOOD CIMRAAN YACQUUB? == '''Guud ahaan CIMRAAN YACQUUB WAA 10 LAFOOD''' 1.CABDALE AARAK 2.CUMAR AARAK 3.FOQA WARDHEERE 4.CALI WARDHEERE 5.MISHIB WARDHEERE 6.? ... . WARDHEERE IYO 3 ILMA CUMAR WIYEED -'''Marka laga hadlayo CIMRAAN YACQUUB waxaa ugu tiro badan CABDALE AARAK IYO CUMAR AARAK oo ilaa 7 lafood usii kala baxa.''' == Dadka ugu Caansan == '''Culimo''' : 1- [[shariif Cumar Aarak]] 2-sheekh Qamiisdheere 3-shariif Ibraahim Cabdullahi Cali 4-shariif Cabdullahi Ibraahim Axmed (azhar) 5-sheekh maxamuud Fanax 6-sheekh Cabdiraxmaan Markaawi 7-shariif Cali Isxaaq Yuusuf Al sarmaani '''Siyaasiyiin''' : 1-[[Shariif Xasan Sheekh Aadan|Shariif Xasan sheekh Aadan]] 2-Xildhibaan Saalax Shariif Siidkey 3-prof Abdulaziz Shariif Aadan 4-maxamd shariif isxaaq '''Fanaaniin''': 1-shaadiyo Sharaf 2-Aadan Onkod 3-mukhtaar sooshiyaal 4-DONI B == Tixraac == # eqa6n7sqclwwyu01zdchdpoffnng49t 297051 297050 2026-05-08T05:44:58Z Ali.Sandheere.71 45544 297051 wikitext text/x-wiki Beesha Cimraan == Cimraan == '''Beesha Cimraan''' waa [[beel]] Kamid ah beelaha [[Asharaaf]] [[Xasan ibn Cali|Xasani]] Beeshu waxay Ku abtirstaa Shariif Cimraan Yacquub Yaxye Caanuun oo kumagacdheer (Sagaal Xajiile ).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nuqul Archive |url=https://www.noormags.ir/view/en/articlepage/946133/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%81-%D9%81%DB%8C-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86 |access-date=2024-08-18 |archive-date=2024-08-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240818104028/https://www.noormags.ir/view/en/articlepage/946133/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%81-%D9%81%DB%8C-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Kaas oo abtirkiisu yahay sida tan Sheekh Xaaji Shariif Cimraan Yacquub bin Xaaji Sheekh Yaxye bin Canuun bin Abuukar Barakaat bin Nuume bin Idriis bin Cabdulqaadit bin Yaxye bin Sheikh Cabdulqaadir Al-jeylaani bin muuse bin Cabdullahi bin Maxamed bin Dawud bin Muuse bin Cabdullahi bin Muuse bin Cabdullahi bin Xasan bin Xasan bin Cali bin Abii dhaalib (R.C) shekh Shariif Caydaruus wuxuu kuyiti Buugiis (بغية الآمال في تاريخ الصومال) “أ''نّ أشراف سرمان هم من أشراف الحسنيين من ذرية السيد يحيي بن الشيخ عبدالقادر الجيلاني (الولد الأصغر للسيد عبدالقادر) وكانت أمه حبشية ارتيرية، فبعض من ذريته زحفوا إلى الحبشة ثم إلى أذري (هرر) واتصلوا بأخوالهم الحبشيين وصاهروهم ومنها زحفوا أيضا إلى الصومال وخصوصا في أرض سرمان من اراضي رحوين وصاهروهم أيضا، وبعد مضى السنين والأعوام انقلبت طبائعهم العربية ولون بشرتهم، فهذا حقيقة تاريخية ثانية”).'' Beeshu waxa dagan ahan lagu yaqana goboladda laysku yirahdo [[Koonfur Galbeed]] Somalia iyo ""[[Jubaland]]""Waxayna halmeel wada degaan qabiilada Digil iyo Mirifle <ref><nowiki>https://archive.org/details/BughiyatalAamalfeTarikhalSomal</nowiki></ref> Magaca [[sarmaan]] Oo ah magac lagu yaqaano beeshan waa magac asalkiisu yahay geed waana magaca magaalada [[Sarmaan]] , sababta loogu bixiyey ayaa ah Geedka Sarmaan ayaa kubadan magaaladaas , kaddibna waxaa loogu daray dadkii Halkaas degnaa, Lakin Beesha magaceeda saxda ah Waa "Cimraan yacquub" waxaa loogu magac daray sharif Cimraan yacquub kaas oo ay Kasoo farcameen {{Infobox ethnic group|group=Cimraan Yacquub <br / عِمْرَان يَعْقُوب|flag={{flagcountry|Somalia}}|related-c=[[Ashraaf]]|langs=[[Somali language|Somali]]|image=[[Ashraaf]]|region1=Tuuloyinka:- Sarmaan Weyn , Rawlo , Asalan , Kal iyo Kooraar, Aarak , War Cumar, Moolmad. Dhamaan intaas waa meelaha ay Reer shariif yacquub aad uga dagaan Koonfur galbeed.|region2=Degmooyinka:-- Berdaale , Awdiinle , Goobweyn,Goof Gaduud ,|rels=[[Islam]], [[Sunni]]|region22=|image_caption=|region24=|related=[[Carab]] [[Digil iyo Mirifle]]|religions=|languages=|flag_caption=|pop1=|genealogy=[[Asharaaf Xasani]] [[Al Jeylaani]] [[Ahlulbeyt]] [[Reer Shariif Yacquub Sagaal Xajiile]]}} == '''Taariikh kooban''' == Bartamaha qarnigii 13 miilaadiga / 7 Hijriga ayaa waxaa magaalada Harar soo gaarey qaar kamid ah caruuta Sheekh C/qaadir bin Sheekh Abuu Zakariyaa Yaxye binu Sheekh C/qaadir Al jiilaani , si ay ugu faafiyaan diinta islaamka Gobolka [[Geeska afrika|geeska Afrika]] ayaga oo kasoo gudbay baabul mandab ee badda Cas, waxay usoo guureen dhulka Xabashi gaar Ahaan magaalada Harar. Kaddib waxaa dhacday Degaakii weynaa ee udhaxeeyey xabshida iyo muslimiinta Geeska afrika dega gaar ahaan soomaalida , Sidaas Daraaded Ayaa Magaalada Harar kasoo guurey koox Kamid ah Asharaafta ayagoo oo hogaaminaya Qabiilada [[Raxanweyn|Digil iyo Mirifle]] Waxay usoo guureen dhanka koonfurta soomaaliya ayaga oo Hogaaminayo Sayid Shariif Caanuun Bin Abuubakar Barakaat bin Nuume Bin idriis bin C/qaadir Bin Yaxye Bin cabdi qaadir Al jeylaani . Sayid Caanuun wuxuu ku dhashay Magaalada Harar , waxaana kusoo barbaaray kuna waxbartey Isla magaalada Harar , Anuun ayaa ku dhintay jidka ayaga oo kasoo guuray Harar Una soo guuray Koonfurta soomaaliya , waxaa lagu Aasay tuulo Markaas kaddib loo bixiyey (RAYDAB CAANUUN ),oo udhexeyso Gobolka Bokool iyo Hiiraan. RAYDAB ANUUN ayaa kunagaadeen kooxdii lajirtay Anuun 10 sano, inta lagu Guda jirey tobankaas sano wiilkiisi Shariif Yaxye Anuun ayaa meeshaas kaxajiyey Sagaal jeer , Ilaa uu udhameystirantey sagaal Xaj , waxaana ku Caan baxay markaas kadib ( [[sagaal xajiile]])<ref>{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=https://ebookshia.com/books/view/3166/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B4%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%81+%D9%81%DB%8C+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84+%D8%A3%D9%87%D9%84+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86 |access-date=2023-05-11 |archive-date=2023-05-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230511191752/https://ebookshia.com/books/view/3166/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B4%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%81+%D9%81%DB%8C+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84+%D8%A3%D9%87%D9%84+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86 |dead-url=yes }}</ref>. Sagaal xajiile wuxuu kamid yahay Culimada asharaafta ee soomaaliya kuwaas oo dowr weyn kuleh faafinta diinta islaamka , waxaa lasheegaa in 30 dufcadood dugsi udhameysay. Intaas kadib Yaxye Anuun (Sagaal xajiile) waxaa uu unoqdey magaaladad Harar meeshaas oo ay joogaan Qaraabada iyo owlaada Abtiyaashiisa oo kamid ah dadka degan magaalada Harar, Muddo yar kaddib waxaa uu go’aansaday inuu usoo Laabto dhulka koonfurta. Sagaal xajiile Ayaa kudhintay Gobolka Gedo Waxaana meydkiisa lagu Aasay meel loo yaqaano (Irmaan Qare ) oo udhaxeysa Tiyeeglow iyo Beledweyne. Yaxye Anuun Ayaa dhalay hal wiil oo layiraahdo Shariif Yacquub Yaxye Anuun Kadibna Yacquub Waxaa uu sii Dhalay 5 wiil ooo kala ah:- 1.Cimraan yacquub (Farac badan ayaa ka haray) 2.Xasan Yacquub. (Waxba kama farcamin) 3.isxaaq yacquub. (Waxba kama farcamin) 4.Aadan yacquub. (Waxba kama farcamin) 5.Maxamed yacquub (Waxba kama farcamin) == WAA IMISA LAFOOD CIMRAAN YACQUUB? == '''Guud ahaan CIMRAAN YACQUUB WAA 10 LAFOOD''' 1.CABDALE AARAK 2.CUMAR AARAK 3.FOQA WARDHEERE 4.CALI WARDHEERE 5.MISHIB WARDHEERE 6.? ... . WARDHEERE IYO 3 ILMA CUMAR WIYEED -'''Marka laga hadlayo CIMRAAN YACQUUB waxaa ugu tiro badan CABDALE AARAK IYO CUMAR AARAK oo ilaa 7 lafood usii kala baxa.''' == Dadka ugu Caansan == '''Culimo''' : 1- [[shariif Cumar Aarak]] 2-sheekh Qamiisdheere 3-shariif Ibraahim Cabdullahi Cali 4-shariif Cabdullahi Ibraahim Axmed (azhar) 5-sheekh maxamuud Fanax 6-sheekh Cabdiraxmaan Markaawi 7-shariif Cali Isxaaq Yuusuf Al sarmaani '''Siyaasiyiin''' : 1-[[Shariif Xasan Sheekh Aadan|Shariif Xasan sheekh Aadan]] 2-Xildhibaan Saalax Shariif Siidkey 3-prof Abdulaziz Shariif Aadan 4-maxamd shariif isxaaq '''Fanaaniin''': 1-shaadiyo Sharaf 2-Aadan Onkod 3-mukhtaar sooshiyaal 4-DONI B == Tixraac == # mrz8dfdpr2l055lh5jwd4wv51c7fwqm 0 40948 297030 296070 2026-05-07T12:58:30Z ~2026-27715-34 45536 Nothing 297030 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Reer Mahad''' ([[Af Soomaali|Af-Somali]]: Majeerteen: Cumar Maxamuud Reer Mahad) waa beel [[Soomaaliyeed]] oo ka tirsan laanta [[Cumar maxamuudd|Cumar Maxamuud]] ee Majeerteen. Beeshan badanaa waxaa laga helaa magaalooyinka [[Mudug]] iyo [[Nugaal]], gaar ahaan magaalada [[Gaalkacyo]] iyo sidoo kale [[Kismaayo]]. Waa beel taariikhi ah oo noqotay beeshii ugu xafaayada weyneyd beelaha soomaliyed. {{Infobox ethnic group | group = REE MAHAD | native_name = Carabi iyo Somali | native_name_lang =Qabilada la dhashay | regions = [[Mudug]] iyo [[nugaal]] | languages =Somali | religions = [[Islam]] | related_groups =Ilma farax shirwac sida rer khalaf rer xirsi rer warsame farah }} ==Sidoo kale eeg== *Majeerteen *Saleebaan *Maxamuud *Cumar *Isaaq *Cabdulle *Jibriil *Cigalle *shirwac *Faarax *REE MAHAD ** Magan mahad ** Kooshin Mahad ** warfaa mahad ** Maxamuud Mahad ** Jama Mahad ** Guleed Mahad ** Xasan Mahad ** Axmed Mahad ** yuusuf mahad ** Maxamed mahad *** Faarax maxamed mahad *** Cumar Maxamed mahad *** Faqi Cismaan Maxamed mahad *** Xasan Maxamed mahad *** Maxamud maxamed mahad *** Cigaal Maxamed mahad ** Aadan mahad ***Hasan Aadan mahad *** Hirsi Aadan Mahad *** Omar Aadan Mahad *** Guleid Aadan mahad 4hf8m60eqlrqnunx4mrymjh0zdlkrgm 0 41696 297031 297023 2026-05-07T16:21:42Z ~2026-26417-66 45469 297031 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Farac | | group = Eidagale <br> عيدَ جلي | image= |region1={{flagcountry|Kenya}} |region2={{flagcountry|United States}} |region3={{flagcountry|Eritrea}} |region4={{flagcountry|Ethiopia}} |region5={{flagcountry|Egypt}} |region6={{flagcountry|Somaliland}} | langs = [[Somali]] | rels = [[Islam]] | related-c = Other,clan. }} '''Ciidagale''' (English: Eidagale'','' Arabic: عيدَ جلي''',''' Full Name: Daoud-Eidagalle) Waa beel kamida beelwaynta Isaaq.Beeshu waxay degaan rasimaya gobolka Maroodi jeex Ee Somaliland iyo Dalka Ethiopia. ==Baahsanaanta== [[File:Eidegalla map.jpg|thumb|left|Map of Somaliland showing distribution of the Eidagalle tribe in western and southwestern Somaliland]] Eidagalle waa beel ka tirsan beelaha Isaaq. Waxay degaan tiro badan ku leeyihiin gobolka Maroodi Jeex ee Somaliland, gaar ahaan magaalada Hargeysa (dhinacyadeeda dhexe iyo koonfur-bari), iyo degmada Salaxley . Intaa waxaa dheer, Ciidagale waxay sidoo kale si weyn ugu baahsan yihiin dalka ee Itoobiya, gaar ahaan degmooyinka Daroor, Awaare, iyo Misraq Gashamo. Beesha Eedagaale waxay leedahay laamo hoose oo ay ka mid yihiin Mohamed Daoud (Guuyoobe), kuwaas oo degan degmada Oodweyne ee gobolka Togdheer. Sidoo kale, qayb ka mid ah beesha ayaa si taariikhi ah ugu nool waddanka Kenya, halkaas oo ay ka yihiin qayb muhiim ah oo si wayn looyaqaano loona ixtiraamo, laguna magaacabo Isahakia.<ref>Waal, Alexander De (1993). "Violent deeds live on: landmines in Somalia and Somaliland, p. 63"</ref><ref>Lewis, I. M. (3 February 2017). I.M Lewis : peoples of the Horn of Africa. <nowiki>ISBN 9781315308173</nowiki>.</ref> ==Tariikhda (History)== ===Xiliyadii Dhexe (Medieval period) === Taariikh ahaan, beesha Ciidagale waxay ka mid ahayd beelihii ka qayb galay dagaalladii lagu qaaday boqortooyadii Xabashida waxayna hoos tagi jireen [https://so.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saldanadii_Cadal Saldanaddii Adal]. Waxay si gaar ah ugu xusan yihiin buugga ''Futuh al-Habash'' (Futuxul Xabash) oo lagu tilmaamay in beelahaasi yihiin ''Habar Magaadle''. Habar Magaadle waxaa laga soo saaray halyeeygii taariikhiga ahaa ee Axmed Gurey bin Xuseen, oo ahaa gacanta midig ee Axmed Ibraahim al-Ghazi.<ref>"مخطوطات-24 > بهجة الزمان > الصفحة رقم 16". makhtota.ksu.edu.sa. Retrieved 2017-08</ref> <blockquote>Beesha Ciidagale—gaar ahaan beesha [[Abokor muuse|Abokor Muse]]—waxay door weyn ka ciyaareen dagaalkii qarnigii 16aad uu hogaaminayay Axmed Gurey bin Xuseen (Axmed Ibraahim al-Ghazi) ee lagula dagaallamay boqortooyadii Xabashida. Dagaalkan taariikhiga ah oo lagu xusay buugga Futuh al-Habash, beelo badan oo Soomaaliyeed ayaa ka qeyb galay. Halyeeyada la xasuusto waxaa ka mid ahaa Basiralle iyo Dhimbil oo ahaa ugaasyo, taariikh ahaana loogu xuso iyo saraakiil ciidan oo caan ah. Qaybo kamid ah geedka qabiilka (clan tree) ayaa loo xusaa Boqorro, kuwaas oo ku jira dhamaan tarkhiidii dhaqan ee beesha , gaar ahaan ku dhadhaw qarnigii 15aad ilaa 16aad . Basiralle, oo lagu xasuusto geesinimo, wuxuu ku geeriyooday dhawac soogaadhay meel u dhow magaalada Herar. Sidoo kale waxay samayn wan ku lahayeen Magalada zelia.</blockquote>jifo kale oo muhiim ah oo ka tirsana laanta Cabdiraxmaan Muuse, kaasoo ka qayb qaatay dagaladii Axmed Gurey , waxaa lagu nanaysaa Gashaanbuur oo ah Hussein Abokor Matan, oo ah geesiyadii ka qaybqaatay dagalkii iyo difaciiba Axmarada ee Axmed Gurey . Cilmibaare I. M. Lewis wuxuu xusay in jiray laba Axmed Gurey oo la isku khalday: <blockquote>Buuggu wuxuu tilmaamayaa laba Axmed oo loogu yeero ‘midig-la’. Mid waxaa lagu magacaabaa "Axmed Gurey Soomaali", oo loo aqoonsaday inuu yahay Axmed Gurey Xuseen, hogaamiye ka tirsanaa Habar Magaadle. Midka kalena waxaa loogu yeeraa “Iimaam Axmed”. Waxaa la rumeysan yahay in labadaas Axmed la isku khalday oo laga dhigay hal halyeey oo kali ah.<ref>Morin, Didier (2004). *Dictionnaire historique afar: 1288-1982*. KARTHALA Editions. ISBN 9782845864924.</ref></blockquote>[[File:ShrineAwBarkhadle2007.png|thumb|right|315px|The shrine of Aw Barkhadle is a revered sacred site where generations of ''Isaaq clans'' — and including Eidagalle, who traditionally served as the custodians and leading authorities overseeing the shrine — have gathered to take solemn oaths, resolve disputes, and seek spiritual blessing beneath a holy relic believed to be connected to the Prophet of Allah.]] Qabriga Sheekh Aw Barkhadle oo u dhexeeya [[Berbera]] iyo [[Hargeysa]] wuxuu ahaa goob barakeysan oo beelaha ''Isaaq'' iyo Eidagalleh ay u adeegsadeen dhaarista, heshiisiinta iyo xallinta khilaafaadka. Beesha Ciidagale, oo ka mid ah hogaamiyeyaasha dhaqanka, ayaa door muhiim ah ka qaadatay maamulka goobtan barakeysan.Gaar ahaan, goobtan waxaa miisaan weyn ku lahaa Salaadiinta iyo Ugaasyada dhaqanka. Beelaha si gaar ah uga qayb qaatay ilaalinta sharafta iyo shaqada goobta barakeysan ee Aw Barkhadle waxaa ka mid ahayd beesha Ciidagale. Ciidagale waxay caan ku ahaayeen geesinimadooda dagaal iyo hibadooda suugaaneed, waxayna sidoo kale hayeen xilka qiimaha badan ee ah dhexdhexaadiyeyaal iyo ilaalinayaal dhaqanka xeerka Soomaalida. Odayaasha la qadariyo ee beesha ayaa inta badan guddoomin jiray dhaarista heshiisyada iyo xallinta muranada lagu qabto Aw Barkhadle, si loo ilaaliyo heshiisyada loona sugo nabadda iyo wada noolaanshaha bulshada <blockquote>Marka la kulmo arrin adag oo saameynaysa beelaha Isaaq iyo Eidagaleh, waxaa la keenaa waraaq si gaar ah loo ilaaliyo oo yaalla qabriga, kuna saxiixan yahay Bilaal, addoonkii Khaliifadii hore. Dhaaro cusub ayaa lagu kala qaadayaa. Sannadkii 1846, waxa la keenay Berbera oo ay wateen beesha Ciidagale, halkaas oo beelaha Aala Axmed iyo Aala Yuusuf ku dhaarteen inay nabad ku noolaadaan.<ref>The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society Volume 19 p.61-62". 1849</ref></blockquote>Eidagale waxay si dhaqameed u lahaayeen doorka hoggaaminta gudaha iyo nabadeynta khilaafaadka, iyagoo lagu yaqaan xigmadda iyo kartida suugaanta. Xeer-beegti iyo gabyaa caan ah ayaa kasoo jeeda, waxaana ay adeegsadaan xeer-Soomaaliyeed, dood furan iyo gabayo si ay u xalliyaan ismaandhaafka. Duqeyda beesha waxay inta badan ahaayeen garsoorayaal dhexdhexaad ah marka ay colaado ka dhex qarxaan beelaha walaalaha ah. Aw Barkhadle ayaa mar walba ahayd goobta ugu sarreysa ee dhaar iyo heshiis lagu sameeyo. Hoggaamiyeyaasha Eidagale ayaa door muhiim ah ka ciyaari jiray dhexdhexaadinta khilaafaadka u dhexeeya beelaha—iyagoo noqday kuwa isku xira kooxaha is haya oo nabad ka dhex abuura. Mid ka mid ah meelaha ugu barakeysan ee heshiisyada nabadeed lagu gaari jiray wuxuu ahaa quduuska Aw Barkhadle, oo ku yaalla inta u dhexeysa Berbera iyo Hargeysa. Halkaas ayaa lagu dhaaran jiray, iyadoo la isticmaalayo agab quduus ah, waxaana lagu xoojin jiray heshiisyo nabadeed oo waara—taasoo muujinaysa kaalinta ay Eidagale ku lahaayeen ilaalinta dhaqanka iyo sharciga.<blockquote>Xilliyada khatarta dibadda ah, sida soo galootiga gumaysiga ama dagaallada beelaha, Eidagale waxay si degdeg ah isu abaabuli jireen una midoobi jireen difaaca dhulkooda, iyagoo noqda ilaalayaasha deegaankooda. Dhaqankaas qotoda dheer ee hoggaaminta iyo dhexdhexaadinta waxaa si muuqata u matalayey halyeyaal sida Suldaan Cabdillaahi Dheria, kaasoo saameyn weyn ku lahaa dhammaadkii qarnigii 19aad iyo billowgii qarnigii 20aad—wuxuuna astaan u ahaa sii socoshada awoodda Eidagale ee xagga maamulka dhaqanka iyo dhexdhexaadinta beelaha.</blockquote> Dhammaadkii qarnigii 19aad iyo billowgii qarnigii 20aad, Suldaan Cabdillaahi Dheria wuxuu ka soo dhex baxay isagoo noqday mid ka mid ah madax-dhaqameedyadii ugu magaca dheeraa beesha Isaaq, gaar ahaan beesha Eidagale. Waxaa si weyn loogu xusuustaa xikmaddiisa iyo kartidiisa dhexdhexaadin, wuxuuna door muhiim ah ka qaatay xallinta khilaafaadka, ilaalinta xeerka Soomaalida, iyo maareynta xiriirka lala lahaa gumaystihii Ingiriiska. Hoggaamintiisu waxay xoojisay nidaamka dhaqameed xilli ay jireen isbeddello siyaasadeed oo waaweyn. Maanta, dhaxalkiisii hoggaamineed si weyn ayaa looga xurmeynayaa guud ahaan Somaliland. [[File:Sultan Deria's Domain.jpg|thumb|An 1894 Italian map showing the domain of Sultan Deria in the Horn of Africa, illustrating the geographic extent of his influence during the colonial period.]] Eidagale waxay caan ku ahaayeen xirfaddooda fardo-fuulka, waxaana weeraradoodii xoogga badnaa ay gaadhi jireen laga bilaabo xeebta ilaa gudaha dalka. Sida uu sheegay Carlos Swayne, oo dhex maray Somaliland dhammaadkii qarnigii 19aad, Eidagale waxay ka mid ahaayeen beelaha ugu jecel weerarada: <blockquote>“Beelaha ku dhow xeebta waqooyi ee ugu jecel weerarada waxay u muuqdaan inay yihiin Habr Awal, Eidagale, iyo Habr Gerhajis.”<ref>Carlos-Swayne, Harald (1900). Seventeen Trips Through Somaliland and a Visit to Abyssinia. p. 40.</ref></blockquote> Ciidagale waxay dhaqanka hore iyo kan weli jira u leeyihiin xidhashada toorayda wan, oo ah astaamo muujisa geesinimo, madaxnimo iyo qurux dhaqameed. Tooraydaasi oo qaab ahaan u eg golxadka cajiibka ah, ayaa lagu xidhnaa si sharaf leh, gaar ahaan xilliyada bandhigyada dhaqanka, shirarka dhaqameed iyo munaasibadaha lagu maamuuso hidaha iyo hal-adayga. Xidhashada tooraydu waxay ahayd astaan tilmaamaysa in qofku yahay nin masuul ah, lehna anshaxa iyo edebta dhaqanka Soomaalida.Intaa waxaa dheer, tooraydu ma ahayn oo keliya qurux iyo sharaf lagu muujiyo, balse waxay ahayd hub lagu difaaco nafta iyo bulshada, gaar ahaan marka la joogo duruufo ad-adag oo u baahan feejignaan iyo geesinimo. Marka laga soo tago xirfaddooda fardo-fuulka, Eidagale sidoo kale waxay caan ku yihiin fasahaaddooda suugaanta dhaqanka Soomaalida, gaar ahaan gabayga. Waxay soo saareen gabayaaal caan ah sida Xasan Tarabi iyo Elmi Boodhari. Taariikh ahaan, Eidagale waxaa beelaha kale ee Soomaaliyeed u aqoonsanaayeen khubaro suugaanta gabayga:<ref>Diriye, p. 75.</ref> <blockquote> “Beelaha Soomaaliyeed dhexdeeda, Eidagale waxaa lagu yaqaan khubarnimada tirinta gabayada. Hal gabyaa oo ka tirsan Eidagale laga yaabee inuusan ka heer sarreyn gabyaa wanaagsan oo beel kale ah, laakiin Eidagale waxay u muuqdaan inay gabyaaal badan ka jiraan marka loo eego beelaha kale. ‘Haddii aad halkaan keento boqol nin oo Eidagale ah,’ ayuu ii sheegay Hersi Jaamac, ‘oo aad waydiiso kee gabaygiisa tirin kara, sagaashan iyo shan baa tirin kara. Inta kale weli way baranayaan.’”<ref>Laurance, Margaret. A tree for poverty: Somali poetry and prose. McMaster University Library Press. p. 27.</ref></blockquote> [[File:HargeisaCloseup1885.png|thumb|250px|Close-up of an 1885 Royal Geographical Society map, showing Hargeisa (Harrer-es-Sagheer) as well as the Eidagale subtribe (Eed-a-galleh) residing within and around the town. The Naasa Hablood hills (Nas Hubla) can also be seen in the map.<ref>Royal Geographical Society map, 1885. British Library Archives.</ref>]] Qarnigyo badan, beesha Eidagale waxay door muhiim ah ku lahayd ganacsigii geela ee fog ee Soomaaliyeed. Ganacsatada Eidagale waxay ka soo heli jireen agabyo kala duwan gobolka Soomaalida ee dhulka hadda loo yaqaan Itoobiya, sida xoolaha, malmalka (acacia gum), muxurta (myrrh), iyo subagga, kuwaas oo markii dambe loo dhoofin jiray Koonfurta Carabta. Ganacsatada karavaanka ee Eidagale waxay aasaaseen xarumo ganacsi oo muhiim ah gudaha dalka, kuwaas oo ay ka mid tahay magaalada casriga ah ee Hargeysa, taasoo la aasaasay qarnigii 19aad, kana ahayd meel isgoys ah oo u dhexeysa Berbera iyo gudaha Soomaalida.Hargeysa waxaa asal ahaan loo aasaasay bartamaha qarnigii 19aad si ay u noqoto xarun karavaan oo xiriirisa Berbera iyo gudaha.<ref>{{cite book|title=Journal of African Languages|date=1963|publisher=University of Michigan Press|pages=27|language=english}}</ref><ref>Carlos-Swayne, Harald (1900). Seventeen Trips Through Somaliland and a Visit to Abyssinia. p. 96.</ref> Qayb dhownaata oo laga qaaday khariidaddii 1885 ee ay daabacday Royal Geographical Society ayaa si cad u muujinaysa joogitaanka dhuleed ee beesha Eidagale. Khariidaddu waxay calaamadaynaysaa magaalada Hargeysa (oo ku qoran ''Harrer-es-Sagheer''), iyadoo beesha Eidagale loogu yeedhay ''Eed-a-galleh'' kuna muujisan inay deggan yihiin gudaha iyo nawaaxiga deegaankaas. Buuraleyda Naasa Hablood, oo khariidadda lagu qoray ''Nas Hubla'', sidoo kale waa lagu sawiray, taasoo xoojinaysa isku xirka juqraafiyeed iyo dhaqan ee beesha Eidagale ee gobolkaasi.<ref>Royal Geographical Society map, 1885. British Library Archives.</ref> <blockquote>Beesha Eidagale waxaa si weyn loogu yaqaannaa xirfaddooda suugaanta, gaar ahaan gabayga, kaas oo kaalin weyn ku leh aqoonsigooda iyo dhaqankooda. Waxaa lagu tiriyaa dad xigmadda iyo hadal-fasahaadda ku caan baxay, iyagoo gabayga u adeegsada sidii ay u xafidi lahaayeen taariikhda, u gudbin lahaayeen qiimaha bulsheed, una xallin lahaayeen khilaafaadka. Waxaa hadal caan ah oo laga dhex maqlo odhanaya: "Nin aan gabayn karin weli ma dhalan." Tani waxay muujinaysaa sida gabaygu uga yahay laf-dhabar aqoonta iyo wada-noolaanshaha bulshada Eidagale.</blockquote> Eidagale waxay dhaqanka hore iyo kan weli jira u leeyihiin xidhashada toorayda wan, oo ah astaamo muujisa geesinimo, madaxnimo iyo qurux dhaqameed. Tooraydaasi oo qaab ahaan u eg golxadka cajiibka ah, ayaa lagu xidhnaa si sharaf leh, gaar ahaan xilliyada bandhigyada dhaqanka, shirarka dhaqameed iyo munaasibadaha lagu maamuuso hidaha iyo hal-adayga. Xidhashada tooraydu waxay ahayd astaan tilmaamaysa in qofku yahay nin masuul ah, lehna anshaxa iyo edebta dhaqanka Soomaalida.Intaa waxaa dheer, tooraydu ma ahayn oo keliya qurux iyo sharaf lagu muujiyo, balse waxay ahayd hub lagu difaaco nafta iyo bulshada, gaar ahaan marka la joogo duruufo ad-adag oo u baahan feejignaan iyo geesinimo. Marka laga soo tago hidda-sugaaneedkooda, beesha Eidagale waxay sidoo kale caan ku yihiin xirfadda xoolo-dhaqatada, gaar ahaan dhaqashada geela, oo ah tiirka ugu weyn ee dhaqaalahooda iyo noloshooda reer guuraanimada. Geelu wuxuu leeyahay qiimo weyn, wuxuuna astaan u yahay hanti, sharaf, iyo adkaysi. Khibraddooda dheer ee ku saabsan dhaqashada iyo daryeelka geela waxay ka tarjumaysaa aqoon jiilal badan soo jirtay, taasoo ka dhigaysa dad si heer sare ah u yaqaan sida loo ilaaliyo loona kobciyo xoolaha. Isku dhafka suugaantooda afka ah iyo xirfaddooda xoolo-dhaqatada ayaa ah labada tiir ee ugu waaweyn ee dhaxalka dhaqameed ee beesha Eidagale—waa hiddo soo jireen ah oo qoto dheer leh, taasoo weli si xooggan u qeexaysa aqoonsigooda jiilba jiil. An image illustrating 19th-century trade: Beesha Eidagale waxay si weyn ugaga qayb qaadatay ganacsiga guud ee geela iyo agabka dabiiciga ah ee gobolka. Karavaannadii ka yimid gudaha gudaha ayaa halkan ku degi jiray, iyagoo ka ganacsan jiray muxur, malmal, subag iyo xoolo, taasoo Berbera ka dhigtay xarun ganacsi oo istiraatiiji ah oo u xiriiriya gudaha iyo suuqyada caalamiga ah. <blockquote>Soomaalida beesha Eidagale ayaa ka yimaada Ogaadeen iyagoo wata baallo, muxur, malmal, ari, lo’, iyo subag; beddelkeedna waxay ka qaataan dhar jumlo ah. Xilligiiba afar jeer ayay safarradan samaynayaan. Ma joogaan wax ka badan hal bil, intay joogaanna waxay la deggan yihiin reerahooda, cunadoodana waxay ku cunaan makhbaza, ama goobaha cuntada lagu wada cuno.<ref>Hunter, Frederick (1877). An Account of the British Settlement of Aden in Arabia*. Cengage Gale. p. 41.</ref></blockquote> ==Saltanate == Saldanadda Ciidagale waxay ka mid ahayd nidaamyadii ugu faca weynaa ee dhaqanka iyo hoggaanka bulshada ee ka jiray beesha Eidagele. Ciidagale, oo ka mid ah jilibyada waaweyn ee beesha, waxay lahayd hoggaan u gaar ah oo ku dhisnaa xeer, garsoor, iyo midnimo bulsho, kuwaas oo muddo qarniyo ah hagayay bulshada.Nidaamka Saldanaddu wuxuu ku shaqayn jiray hab-dhaqan Soomaaliyeed oo salka ku haya odaynimo, garaad, iyo wada-tashi. Suldaanada iyo ugaasyadu waxay ahaayeen dad lagu yaqaan caqli, hal-adayg, iyo karti hoggaamineed, kana shaqeeya ilaalinta nabadda, xallinta khilaafaadka, iyo u doodista xuquuqda beesha. Saldanadda fawaynta ahayd ee qarniyo badan talinta soo haysay, ayaa asalkeedu dib ugu laabtaa qarnigii 17-aad, xilligii uu aasaasay ''Suldaan Guleed Cabdi Ciise'' — oo ahaa suldaanka guud ee beesha. Muddo dheer ayay saldanaddani ahayd tiir dhexe oo hoggaan, xeer iyo xasillooni u horseeda bulshada, waxaana magaceedu ku dhex lahaa sharaf, maamuus iyo miisaan dhaqan oo aan weli libdhin. Sidoo kale, hogaanka Abokor Muuse—oo ka tirsan faracyada waaweyn ee beesha Ciidagale—waxay leeyihiin taariikh dheer oo ku ladhan hoggaamin, halgan bulsho iyo ilaalinta dhaqanka. Qarnigii 15-aad iyo 16-aad, qaybo badan oo ka mid ah geedka qabiilka ayaa loo xusaa boqorro iyo ''ugaasyo'' ka soo jeeda Reerah iyo Qabiilada beesha Abokor Muuse, ku waas oo door muuqda ku lahaa difaaca bulshada, hagidda dhaqanka iyo ilaalinta nidaamka beesha. ==Clan tree== A summarized family tree of the Eidagalle Clan is presented below.<ref name="survey 147">Hunt, John A. (1951). A general survey of the Somaliland Protectorate 1944-1950. Wayback Machine (archived 2 February 2022). p. 147.</ref> *Daoud(Eidagalle) **[[Maxamed Daoud|Mohamed Daoud]] ***Egal Mohamed (Rer Cigal) ***Ali Mohamed (Rer Afwayne) ***Urkurag Mohamed ****Ali Urkurag *****Fiqi Sa'ad Ali *****Mahamoud Ali *****Ahmed Ali *****Ismail Ali ******Ali Ismail *******Osman Ali *******Jama Ali *******Geedi Ali (Rer Aw) *******Yonis Ali *******Ileiye Ali *******Hagga Ali *******Nuh Ali ********Ali Nuh *******Aden Ali ********Guled Aden ********Ali Aden *******Roble Ali ********Hassan Roble *********Jibril Hassan **********Aden Jibril **********Mohamed Jibril *********Deria Hassan **********Mohamed Deria **********Hussein Deria ********Ali Roble *********Warfa Ali *********Farah Ali **********Hassan Farah *********Abdalle Ali *******Abdalle Ali ********Geedi Abdalle (Rer Geedi) ********Mohamed Abdalle (Rer Mohamed) **Abokor Daoud ***Bilaal Abokor ****Mohamed Bilal *****Egal Mohamed *****Hassan Mohamed *****Farah Mohamed *****Yusuf Mohamed *****Abdi Mohamed ******Geedi Abdi ******Aden Abdi ******Hassan Abdi *****Abdalle Mohamed ******Samter Abdalle ******Abane Abdalle ******Hasan Abdalle ***Isse Abokor ****Dualeh Isse *****Musa Dualeh *****Mohamed Dualeh *****Deria Duleh *****Samter Duleh ****Hassan Isse *****Afi Hassan *****Hujale Hassan *****Abar Hassan *****Yusuf Hassan *****Shire Hassan *****Barre Hassan **Muuse Daoud ***Abokor Muuse ****Saleiban Abokor *****Mohammad Salieban ******Saleiban Mohamed *******Yousuf Saleiban ********Osman Yusuf ********Said Yusuf ********Mohamed Yusuf *******Aralleh Saleiban ********Ali Arralle ********Saleiban Arralle *********Abokor Saleiban **********Abdalleh Abokor ***********Saleiban Abdalle ************Osman Saleiban *************Waisleh Osman **************Mahamoud Wais **************Arralleh Wais **************Hussein wais **************Saleiban Wais **********Saleiban Abokor ***********Warfa Saleiban ***********Arreh Saleiban ***********Farah Saleiban ***********Mahamoud Saleiban **********Hassan Abokor ***********Muuse Hassan ***********Laqshe Hassan ***********Basiralle Hassan ***********Dhimbil Hassan ************Mohammed Dhimbil *************Musa Mohamed **************Adawe Muuse ***************Absiye Adawe ***************Allamagn Adawe ***************Yusuf Adawe ***************Liban Adawe ***************Roble Adawe ***************Osman Adawe ***************Egal Adawe ***************Wais Adawe **************Aden Muuse ***************Had Adan ***************Roble Aden ***************Abane Aden ***************Ali Aden ***************Wais Aden ***************Burale Aden ***************Geedi Aden ***************Boqorre Aden ****************Sugulle Boqore ****************Liban Boqorre ****************Warfa Boqorre ****************Koshin Boqorre ****************Shiekhdon Boqorre *************Mucawiye Mohamed **************Samter Muawiye **************Ali Muawiye *************Fatah Mohamed **************Awarre Fatah **************Mohamed Fatah **************Hassan Fatah **************Cisman fatah *************Gled (Wardon) Mohamed **************Hussein Guled **************Egal Guled **************Yusuf Guled **************Roble Guled **************Abdi Guled **************Elmi Guled **************Samter Guled ************Muuse Dhimbil *************Abdalleh Muuse **************Jibirl Abdalle ***************Siad Jibril ****************Muse Siad ****************Farah Siad ***************Kalil Jibirl ***************Ali kalil ****************Said Ali ****************Koshin Ali ****************Boqorreh Ali *****************Abar Boqorre ******************Deria Abar *******************Abdillahi Deria (Allanleh) ***************Saeed Jibril ****************Sahal Said *****************Abdalle Sahal *****************Musa Sahal ***************Aden Jibril (Rer Adan) ****************Wais Aden ****************Benin Aden ****************Nur Aden ****************Muse Aden ****************Samter Aden ****************Abdalle Aden ****************Jama Aden ****************Eileie Adan ****************Barre Aden ****************Ibrahim Aden ****************Khalaf Aden ****************Ali Aden ****************Adan Aden *****************Ahmed Aden *****************Eiye Aden ***************Abdi Jibril ****************Ali Abdi (Rer Ali Abdi) *****************Abdalle Ali ******************Musa Abdalle *****************Hussein Ali *****************Jama Hussien *****************Nour Hussein *****************Farah Hussien *****************Wa'ays Hussein *****************Hersi Hussien ******************Muhumad Hersi ******************Abdi Hersi ******************Ali Hersi ******************Aidid Hersi *****************Mumin Ali ******************Egal Mumin ******************Jama Mumin ******************Urmah Mumin *******************Dhible Urmah *******************Ismail Urmah *****************Naleye Ali ******************Jama Naleye ******************Dualeh Naleye ******************Warfa Naleye ******************Abdi Naleye ******************Egal Naleye ******************Arralleh Egal *******************Elmi Aralleh *******************Aw-Jama Arralleh ****************Nour Abdi (Rer Nuur) *****************Ismail Nour ******************Gabal Ismail ******************Abdi Ismail ******************Barre Ismail *****************Hersi Nour ******************Hugur Hersi ******************Osman Hersi ******************Bacalul Hersi ******************Ali Hersi ******************Aden Hersi *****************Gabal Nour *****************Mohamed Nour ******************Mohamed Omar *******************Hussein Mohamed ********************Wais Husien ********************Hujale Husien ********************Dirie Husien *******************Sharmake Mohamed ********************Roble Sharmake ********************Nour Sharmake ********************Jama Sharmake *********************Hudale Jama *********************Yasin Jama *******************Allale Mohamed ********************Egal Allale *********************Hassan Egal **********************Omar Hassan **********************Ahmed Hassan ****************Benin Abdi (Rer Benin) *****************Naleye Benin *****************Ahmed Benin *****************Hersi Benin *****************Warfa Benin *****************Samter Benin *****************Abdi Benin *****************Fatah Benin *****************Dirie Benin *****************Osman Benin ****************Abdille Abdi *****************Gallab Abdille (Rer Gallab) ******************Ismail Gallab ******************Asker Gallab ******************Dahir Gallab ******************Wais Gallab ******************Ali Gallab ******************Jama Gallab ******************Roble Gallab ******************Abdi Gallab ******************Yusuf Gallab ******************Farah Gallab *****************Eiae Abdille (Rer Eiye) ******************Gulled Eiye *******************Deria Guled ********************Abokor Deria ********************Osman Derie ********************Khalaf Derie *******************Kalil Guled ********************Farah kalil ********************Ali Kalil ********************Hassan Kalil ********************Osman Kalil ********************Aden Kalil ******************Sharmake Eiye *******************Barre Sharmake *******************Omar Sharmake *******************Hager Sharmake ********************Farah Hager ********************Geedi Hagar ********************Adan Hagar ********************Boqorre Hagar ********************Elmi Hagar *****************Mohamed Abdille ******************Ahmed Mohamed *******************Samter Ahmed *******************Ziyad Ahmed *******************Mayle Ahmed *******************Geedi Ahmed *******************Amanle Ahmed *******************Food Ahmed *******************Dhible Ahmed ********************Ismail Dhible ********************Egal Dhible *******************Ali Ahmed (Rer Ali) ********************Cadad Ali ********************Deria Ali ********************Egal Ali ********************Jibril Ali ********************kalil Ali *********************Magan kalil *********************Deria Kalil *********************Abdi kalil *********************Aden kalil *********************Yusuf kalil *******************Gubadleh Ahmed (Rer Gubadleh) ********************Derie Gubadleh *********************Ismail Derie *********************Gubtame Derie *********************Nour Derie *********************Mohamoud Derie *********************Omar Derie *********************Dualeh Derie *********************Hussein Derie *********************Wa'ays Derie *********************Yusuf Derie ********************Boqorre Gubdleh *********************Hersi Boqorre *********************Ali Boqorre *********************Abdille Boqorre *********************Hirad Boqorre *********************Asker Boqorre *********************Mohamed Boqorre *********************Aw Hassan Boqorre *********************Ismail Boqorre *********************Shire Boqorre *********************Hashi Boqorre *********************Mohamoud (Bahnan) Boqorre *************Mahamoud Muuse **************Shirdon Mohamoud ***************Hamud Shirdon ***************Suldan Shirdon ***************Geele Shirdon ***************Osman Shirdon ***************Egal Shirdon ***************Mohamed Shirdon ***************Yusuf Shirdon **************Hildiid Mohamoud ***************Ali Hildiid ***************Geedi Hildiid (Rer Geedi) ****************Odawa Geedi *****************Odawa Odawa *****************Mahamoud Odawa ****************Geele Geedi ****************Nour(Shire) Geedi ****************Haji Dirie Geedi ****************Samter Geedi ****************Ahmed Geedi ****************Ali Geedi ****************Roble Geedi ***************Hersi Hildiid (Rer Hersi) ****************Ali Hersi ****************Guled Hersi ****************Egal Hersi ****************Aden Hersi ****************Mahamoud Hersi ****************Fahiye Hersi *****************Roble Fahiye ******************Elmi Roble ******************Jama Elmi ******************Ali Elmi *****************Rage Roble *****************Elmi Rage ******************Wais Rage ******************Geedi Rage ******************Hersi Rage ************Ahmed Dhimbil *************Musa Ahmed *************Waisleh Ahmed *************Osman Ahmed *************Liban Ahmed *************Abdi Liban **************Ismail Abdi (Rer Ismail) ***************Aden Ismail ***************Iman Ismail ***************Bulale Ismail ***************Geedi Ismail ***************Idiris Ismail ***************Yusuf Ismail ***************Koshin Ismail ***************Hersi Ismail ***************Shirwac Ismail ***************Said Ismail **************Mohammed Abdi (Addeh) ***************Sarar Mohamed (Rer Sarer) ****************Nour Sarar ****************Mohamed(Hersi) Sarar ****************Farah Sarar ****************Yusuf Sarar ****************Dualeh Sarar ****************Elmi Sarar ***************Ahmed(Bedar)Mohamed ****************Koshin Ahmed ****************Samter Ahmed ****************Uballe Ahmed ****************Hurie (Egal) Ahmed ****************Waraf Ahmed ****************Karie Ahmed ****************Mohamed Ahmed **********Aden Abokor ***********( Aden Mohamed) ************Issa Aden ************Awal Aden (Rer Cawl) *************Abdi Awal **************Had Abdi **************Nour Abdi **************Ahmed Abdi **************Liban Abdi **************Omar Abdi **************Aden Abdi **************Geedi Abdi **************Ibrahim Abdi **************Mohamoud Abdi *************Hassan Aden **************Ziyad Hassan **************Odawa Hasaan **************Ladon Hassan ***************Aden Ladon ****************Herar Ladon ****************Jama Ladon ****************Ali Ladon ****************Fahiye Ladon **************Abdalle Hassan ***************Ali Abdalle ***************Abdi Abdalle (Abdi Waddago) ***************Ahmed Abdalle ***************Halas Ahmed ****************Osman Halas ****************Samter Halas ****************Egal Ahmed *****************Wais Egal *****************Madar Egal ****************Geedi Ahmed *****************Samter Geedi *****************Mohamed Geedi *****************Dalal Geedi *****************Fatah Geedi *****************Waisleh Geedi *****************Allamagan Geedi ******************Guled Allamagan ******************Egal Allamagan *****************Hode Geedi ******************Farah Hode ******************Yusuf Hode ******************Geele Geedi *****************Ahmed Geele ******************Dahir Geele ******************Nour Geele *****************Ali Geedi ******************Osman Ali ******************Hassan Ali ******************Abdalle Ali ******************Yusuf Ali ******************Aden Ali ***Abdirahman Muuse ****Yonis Abdiraham *****Aden Yonis *****Ismail Yonis *****Ugadh Yonis *****Mohamed Yonis ****Abdalle Abdirahman *****Mohamed Abdalle (Bah Daylo) ******Gadid Mohamed ******Abdalle Mohamed ******Loge Mohamed ****Ibrahim Abdalle *****Kulul Ibrahim (Rer kul) *****Abdi Ibrahim (Abdi Dheeri) ******Burale Abdi ******Qabile Abdi ******Hildiid Abdi ******Aden Abdi ******Robe Abdi ******Hersi Abdi ******Geedi Abdi *****Abokor Ibrahim ******Idileh Abokor (Rer Iidleh) *******Farah Iidle *******Ismail Iidle *******Bare Iidle ******Hussein Abokor Matan (Gashaabuur) *******Roble Matan *******Yonis Matan *******Hamud Matan *******Aden Matan *******Damal Aden ********Gabdon Dhamal (Rer Gabdoon) ********Hode Dhamal (Dhamal YarYar) ********Deria Dhamal (Dhamal YarYar) ********Boon Dhamal (Dhamal yaryar) ********Barre Dhamal ( Dhamal yar yar) ********Gabib Dhamal (Dhamal YarYar) ********Fatah Dhamal (Dhamal YarYar) ********Essa Dhamal *********Aden Isse *********Warfa Isse *********Guled Isse *********Liban Isse (Rer Liibaan) *********Hassan Isse (Rer Hassan Isse) *********Abdi Isse **********Mohamed Abdi **********Farah Abdi **********Eiye Abdi **********Warsame Abdi **********Sugulle Abdi **********Aninanshe Abdi **********Amare Abdi **********Ileiye Afwayne Abdi **********Dualeh (Samter) Abdi **********Habarwa Abdi **********Yusuf Abdi **********Warafa Abdi **********Hussein Abdi **********Wais Abdi **********Rage Abdi **********Abdalle Abdi **********Aden Abdi ( Rer Aden) **********Abdi Bari (Abdi Bari) **********Guled Abdi (Rer Guleed) ==Notable figures== * Abdillahi Deria – Prominent anti-colonial fighter * Sh Mohamed Ali Geedi – Scholar and Founder of Horn of Africa charity Organization, which operates and establishes multiple schools across Somaliland and Beder International University. * Mohamed Mooge Liibaan – was a prominent Somali Scholar, vocalist, poet, and military leader. * Gaabuush – Is a scholar, an Air Force engineer, and a respected military leader, with strong tie to SAF. * Kol Ibrahim Koodbuur – Revered Somali SNM commander and freedom fighter, known for his unmatched courage and sacrifice in the struggle against dictatorship. * Hassan Guure Jamac * Abdikarim Mohamed Eid * Abwaan Dheeg * Idiris Haji Cisman Gurey * Siyasi Ali Mohamed Ibrahim (Ali Sanyare) * Hussein M. Adam|Hussein Mohammed Adam (Tanzania) – foremost Somali intellectual and scholar who founded the Somali Studies International Association (SSIA) * Abwan Qawdhan Dualeh * Ahmed Mooge Liibaan – prominent Somali musician and singer * Hajji Abdi Hussein Yusuf (Abdi Warabe)– Respected Somali elder and Guurti member, known for his wisdom and role in peacebuilding and traditional leadership. * Khadra Dahir Cige – popular Somali singer * Suldaan Sakariye Suldan Mohamed S.C/laahi (Galaal) *Ugahz Mohamed Abdille Ahmed , a clan elder (Ughaz) and respected traditional figure. * Mohamed Hassan Finad – Politician and Activist * Ahmed Ismail Dirie "Qaasim" – Well-known Somali Legendary poet. * Mohamoud Guure Husien (Gaal-Eri) – Was a key Somali political figure who led the SNM office in France and was responsible for Somalia’s foreign strategic policy during the Ogaden War. * Ahmed Mohamed Diriye (Toorno) – Former Minister of Education and planning * Gen.Mohamed Osman Aalin (Dayib)– Father of Somaliland Immigration border * Hussein Mohamed Mohamoud – Former Minister of Health * Jama Mohamed Ghalib – served as speaker of the Somali Parliament during the Somali Republic's early civilian administration, between 1960 and 1964 * Mahamed Abdiqadir – 8th grand sultan of the Isaaq * Ismail Mahmud Hurre – former foreign minister of the Transitional Federal Government of Somalia, between 2000-2002 and 2006–2007 * Hussein Ali Mahamado – Activist And Founder Ina-Guuxa Foundation * Jama Asker –Activist And Politician * Abwan Ali Mooge Geedi Egal * Abdishakur Dayib – Prominent Journalist * Sucad Ibrahim Abdi – Politician and Activist * Fadumo faysal Ali – The founder and CEO of Hoiwa Oy * Daud Mahamed – the ninth and current grand sultan of the Isaaq Sultanate. * Abdi Bidhaan Dahir – Journalist * Abwan Muse Ali Farur * Bihi Egeh –Minister of Finance of Somalia * Abdishakur Hussein Ali– is a senior military leader in Somaliland. * Abwan Coloaad Qorane – Poet and Member of Federal Parliament of Somalia * Mahid Guled - Former prime minister of Somalia * Hussein Arab Isse – former deputy prime minister and minister of defence of Somalia, between 2011 and 2012 * Abdikarim Ahmed Mooge – Is Somali politician and the current mayor of Hargeisa city * Shiekh Harreed (Xareed) – Scholar and Religious leader * Guled Bihi Abdi – Politician and Member for Federal Parliament of Somalia * Khalid Foodhaadhi – Multi-Award-Winnnig Journalist ==Sidoo kale fiiri== * [[Dir]] ==References== i87y5vabq805vtpqs98lywbhw55jf6w 297032 297031 2026-05-07T17:07:22Z ~2026-26417-66 45469 297032 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Farac | | group = Eidagale <br> عيدَ جلي | image= |region1={{flagcountry|Kenya}} |region2={{flagcountry|United States}} |region3={{flagcountry|Eritrea}} |region4={{flagcountry|Ethiopia}} |region5={{flagcountry|Somaliland}} | langs = [[Somali]] | rels = [[Islam]] | related-c = Other,clan. }} '''Ciidagale''' (English: Eidagale'','' Arabic: عيدَ جلي''',''' Full Name: Daoud-Eidagalle) Waa beel kamida beelwaynta Isaaq.Beeshu waxay degaan rasimaya gobolka Maroodi jeex Ee Somaliland iyo Dalka Ethiopia. ==Baahsanaanta== [[File:Eidegalla map.jpg|thumb|left|Map of Somaliland showing distribution of the Eidagalle tribe in western and southwestern Somaliland]] Eidagalle waa beel ka tirsan beelaha Isaaq. Waxay degaan tiro badan ku leeyihiin gobolka Maroodi Jeex ee Somaliland, gaar ahaan magaalada Hargeysa (dhinacyadeeda dhexe iyo koonfur-bari), iyo degmada Salaxley . Intaa waxaa dheer, Ciidagale waxay sidoo kale si weyn ugu baahsan yihiin dalka ee Itoobiya, gaar ahaan degmooyinka Daroor, Awaare, iyo Misraq Gashamo. Beesha Eedagaale waxay leedahay laamo hoose oo ay ka mid yihiin Mohamed Daoud (Guuyoobe), kuwaas oo degan degmada Oodweyne ee gobolka Togdheer. Sidoo kale, qayb ka mid ah beesha ayaa si taariikhi ah ugu nool waddanka Kenya, halkaas oo ay ka yihiin qayb muhiim ah oo si wayn looyaqaano loona ixtiraamo, laguna magaacabo Isahakia.<ref>Waal, Alexander De (1993). "Violent deeds live on: landmines in Somalia and Somaliland, p. 63"</ref><ref>Lewis, I. M. (3 February 2017). I.M Lewis : peoples of the Horn of Africa. <nowiki>ISBN 9781315308173</nowiki>.</ref> ==Tariikhda (History)== ===Xiliyadii Dhexe (Medieval period) === Taariikh ahaan, beesha Ciidagale waxay ka mid ahayd beelihii ka qayb galay dagaalladii lagu qaaday boqortooyadii Xabashida waxayna hoos tagi jireen [https://so.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saldanadii_Cadal Saldanaddii Adal]. Waxay si gaar ah ugu xusan yihiin buugga ''Futuh al-Habash'' (Futuxul Xabash) oo lagu tilmaamay in beelahaasi yihiin ''Habar Magaadle''. Habar Magaadle waxaa laga soo saaray halyeeygii taariikhiga ahaa ee Axmed Gurey bin Xuseen, oo ahaa gacanta midig ee Axmed Ibraahim al-Ghazi.<ref>"مخطوطات-24 > بهجة الزمان > الصفحة رقم 16". makhtota.ksu.edu.sa. Retrieved 2017-08</ref> <blockquote>Beesha Ciidagale—gaar ahaan beesha [[Abokor muuse|Abokor Muse]]—waxay door weyn ka ciyaareen dagaalkii qarnigii 16aad uu hogaaminayay Axmed Gurey bin Xuseen (Axmed Ibraahim al-Ghazi) ee lagula dagaallamay boqortooyadii Xabashida. Dagaalkan taariikhiga ah oo lagu xusay buugga Futuh al-Habash, beelo badan oo Soomaaliyeed ayaa ka qeyb galay. Halyeeyada la xasuusto waxaa ka mid ahaa Basiralle iyo Dhimbil oo ahaa ugaasyo, taariikh ahaana loogu xuso iyo saraakiil ciidan oo caan ah. Qaybo kamid ah geedka qabiilka (clan tree) ayaa loo xusaa Boqorro, kuwaas oo ku jira dhamaan tarkhiidii dhaqan ee beesha , gaar ahaan ku dhadhaw qarnigii 15aad ilaa 16aad . Basiralle, oo lagu xasuusto geesinimo, wuxuu ku geeriyooday dhawac soogaadhay meel u dhow magaalada Herar. Sidoo kale waxay samayn wan ku lahayeen Magalada zelia.</blockquote>jifo kale oo muhiim ah oo ka tirsana laanta Cabdiraxmaan Muuse, kaasoo ka qayb qaatay dagaladii Axmed Gurey , waxaa lagu nanaysaa Gashaanbuur oo ah Hussein Abokor Matan, oo ah geesiyadii ka qaybqaatay dagalkii iyo difaciiba Axmarada ee Axmed Gurey . Cilmibaare I. M. Lewis wuxuu xusay in jiray laba Axmed Gurey oo la isku khalday: <blockquote>Buuggu wuxuu tilmaamayaa laba Axmed oo loogu yeero ‘midig-la’. Mid waxaa lagu magacaabaa "Axmed Gurey Soomaali", oo loo aqoonsaday inuu yahay Axmed Gurey Xuseen, hogaamiye ka tirsanaa Habar Magaadle. Midka kalena waxaa loogu yeeraa “Iimaam Axmed”. Waxaa la rumeysan yahay in labadaas Axmed la isku khalday oo laga dhigay hal halyeey oo kali ah.<ref>Morin, Didier (2004). *Dictionnaire historique afar: 1288-1982*. KARTHALA Editions. ISBN 9782845864924.</ref></blockquote>[[File:ShrineAwBarkhadle2007.png|thumb|right|315px|The shrine of Aw Barkhadle is a revered sacred site where generations of ''Isaaq clans'' — and including Eidagalle, who traditionally served as the custodians and leading authorities overseeing the shrine — have gathered to take solemn oaths, resolve disputes, and seek spiritual blessing beneath a holy relic believed to be connected to the Prophet of Allah.]] Qabriga Sheekh Aw Barkhadle oo u dhexeeya [[Berbera]] iyo [[Hargeysa]] wuxuu ahaa goob barakeysan oo beelaha ''Isaaq'' iyo Eidagalleh ay u adeegsadeen dhaarista, heshiisiinta iyo xallinta khilaafaadka. Beesha Ciidagale, oo ka mid ah hogaamiyeyaasha dhaqanka, ayaa door muhiim ah ka qaadatay maamulka goobtan barakeysan.Gaar ahaan, goobtan waxaa miisaan weyn ku lahaa Salaadiinta iyo Ugaasyada dhaqanka. Beelaha si gaar ah uga qayb qaatay ilaalinta sharafta iyo shaqada goobta barakeysan ee Aw Barkhadle waxaa ka mid ahayd beesha Ciidagale. Ciidagale waxay caan ku ahaayeen geesinimadooda dagaal iyo hibadooda suugaaneed, waxayna sidoo kale hayeen xilka qiimaha badan ee ah dhexdhexaadiyeyaal iyo ilaalinayaal dhaqanka xeerka Soomaalida. Odayaasha la qadariyo ee beesha ayaa inta badan guddoomin jiray dhaarista heshiisyada iyo xallinta muranada lagu qabto Aw Barkhadle, si loo ilaaliyo heshiisyada loona sugo nabadda iyo wada noolaanshaha bulshada <blockquote>Marka la kulmo arrin adag oo saameynaysa beelaha Isaaq iyo Eidagaleh, waxaa la keenaa waraaq si gaar ah loo ilaaliyo oo yaalla qabriga, kuna saxiixan yahay Bilaal, addoonkii Khaliifadii hore. Dhaaro cusub ayaa lagu kala qaadayaa. Sannadkii 1846, waxa la keenay Berbera oo ay wateen beesha Ciidagale, halkaas oo beelaha Aala Axmed iyo Aala Yuusuf ku dhaarteen inay nabad ku noolaadaan.<ref>The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society Volume 19 p.61-62". 1849</ref></blockquote>Eidagale waxay si dhaqameed u lahaayeen doorka hoggaaminta gudaha iyo nabadeynta khilaafaadka, iyagoo lagu yaqaan xigmadda iyo kartida suugaanta. Xeer-beegti iyo gabyaa caan ah ayaa kasoo jeeda, waxaana ay adeegsadaan xeer-Soomaaliyeed, dood furan iyo gabayo si ay u xalliyaan ismaandhaafka. Duqeyda beesha waxay inta badan ahaayeen garsoorayaal dhexdhexaad ah marka ay colaado ka dhex qarxaan beelaha walaalaha ah. Aw Barkhadle ayaa mar walba ahayd goobta ugu sarreysa ee dhaar iyo heshiis lagu sameeyo. Hoggaamiyeyaasha Eidagale ayaa door muhiim ah ka ciyaari jiray dhexdhexaadinta khilaafaadka u dhexeeya beelaha—iyagoo noqday kuwa isku xira kooxaha is haya oo nabad ka dhex abuura. Mid ka mid ah meelaha ugu barakeysan ee heshiisyada nabadeed lagu gaari jiray wuxuu ahaa quduuska Aw Barkhadle, oo ku yaalla inta u dhexeysa Berbera iyo Hargeysa. Halkaas ayaa lagu dhaaran jiray, iyadoo la isticmaalayo agab quduus ah, waxaana lagu xoojin jiray heshiisyo nabadeed oo waara—taasoo muujinaysa kaalinta ay Eidagale ku lahaayeen ilaalinta dhaqanka iyo sharciga.<blockquote>Xilliyada khatarta dibadda ah, sida soo galootiga gumaysiga ama dagaallada beelaha, Eidagale waxay si degdeg ah isu abaabuli jireen una midoobi jireen difaaca dhulkooda, iyagoo noqda ilaalayaasha deegaankooda. Dhaqankaas qotoda dheer ee hoggaaminta iyo dhexdhexaadinta waxaa si muuqata u matalayey halyeyaal sida Suldaan Cabdillaahi Dheria, kaasoo saameyn weyn ku lahaa dhammaadkii qarnigii 19aad iyo billowgii qarnigii 20aad—wuxuuna astaan u ahaa sii socoshada awoodda Eidagale ee xagga maamulka dhaqanka iyo dhexdhexaadinta beelaha.</blockquote> Dhammaadkii qarnigii 19aad iyo billowgii qarnigii 20aad, Suldaan Cabdillaahi Dheria wuxuu ka soo dhex baxay isagoo noqday mid ka mid ah madax-dhaqameedyadii ugu magaca dheeraa beesha Isaaq, gaar ahaan beesha Eidagale. Waxaa si weyn loogu xusuustaa xikmaddiisa iyo kartidiisa dhexdhexaadin, wuxuuna door muhiim ah ka qaatay xallinta khilaafaadka, ilaalinta xeerka Soomaalida, iyo maareynta xiriirka lala lahaa gumaystihii Ingiriiska. Hoggaamintiisu waxay xoojisay nidaamka dhaqameed xilli ay jireen isbeddello siyaasadeed oo waaweyn. Maanta, dhaxalkiisii hoggaamineed si weyn ayaa looga xurmeynayaa guud ahaan Somaliland. [[File:Sultan Deria's Domain.jpg|thumb|An 1894 Italian map showing the domain of Sultan Deria in the Horn of Africa, illustrating the geographic extent of his influence during the colonial period.]] Eidagale waxay caan ku ahaayeen xirfaddooda fardo-fuulka, waxaana weeraradoodii xoogga badnaa ay gaadhi jireen laga bilaabo xeebta ilaa gudaha dalka. Sida uu sheegay Carlos Swayne, oo dhex maray Somaliland dhammaadkii qarnigii 19aad, Eidagale waxay ka mid ahaayeen beelaha ugu jecel weerarada: <blockquote>“Beelaha ku dhow xeebta waqooyi ee ugu jecel weerarada waxay u muuqdaan inay yihiin Habr Awal, Eidagale, iyo Habr Gerhajis.”<ref>Carlos-Swayne, Harald (1900). Seventeen Trips Through Somaliland and a Visit to Abyssinia. p. 40.</ref></blockquote> Ciidagale waxay dhaqanka hore iyo kan weli jira u leeyihiin xidhashada toorayda wan, oo ah astaamo muujisa geesinimo, madaxnimo iyo qurux dhaqameed. Tooraydaasi oo qaab ahaan u eg golxadka cajiibka ah, ayaa lagu xidhnaa si sharaf leh, gaar ahaan xilliyada bandhigyada dhaqanka, shirarka dhaqameed iyo munaasibadaha lagu maamuuso hidaha iyo hal-adayga. Xidhashada tooraydu waxay ahayd astaan tilmaamaysa in qofku yahay nin masuul ah, lehna anshaxa iyo edebta dhaqanka Soomaalida.Intaa waxaa dheer, tooraydu ma ahayn oo keliya qurux iyo sharaf lagu muujiyo, balse waxay ahayd hub lagu difaaco nafta iyo bulshada, gaar ahaan marka la joogo duruufo ad-adag oo u baahan feejignaan iyo geesinimo. Marka laga soo tago xirfaddooda fardo-fuulka, Eidagale sidoo kale waxay caan ku yihiin fasahaaddooda suugaanta dhaqanka Soomaalida, gaar ahaan gabayga. Waxay soo saareen gabayaaal caan ah sida Xasan Tarabi iyo Elmi Boodhari. Taariikh ahaan, Eidagale waxaa beelaha kale ee Soomaaliyeed u aqoonsanaayeen khubaro suugaanta gabayga:<ref>Diriye, p. 75.</ref> <blockquote> “Beelaha Soomaaliyeed dhexdeeda, Eidagale waxaa lagu yaqaan khubarnimada tirinta gabayada. Hal gabyaa oo ka tirsan Eidagale laga yaabee inuusan ka heer sarreyn gabyaa wanaagsan oo beel kale ah, laakiin Eidagale waxay u muuqdaan inay gabyaaal badan ka jiraan marka loo eego beelaha kale. ‘Haddii aad halkaan keento boqol nin oo Eidagale ah,’ ayuu ii sheegay Hersi Jaamac, ‘oo aad waydiiso kee gabaygiisa tirin kara, sagaashan iyo shan baa tirin kara. Inta kale weli way baranayaan.’”<ref>Laurance, Margaret. A tree for poverty: Somali poetry and prose. McMaster University Library Press. p. 27.</ref></blockquote> [[File:HargeisaCloseup1885.png|thumb|250px|Close-up of an 1885 Royal Geographical Society map, showing Hargeisa (Harrer-es-Sagheer) as well as the Eidagale subtribe (Eed-a-galleh) residing within and around the town. The Naasa Hablood hills (Nas Hubla) can also be seen in the map.<ref>Royal Geographical Society map, 1885. British Library Archives.</ref>]] Qarnigyo badan, beesha Eidagale waxay door muhiim ah ku lahayd ganacsigii geela ee fog ee Soomaaliyeed. Ganacsatada Eidagale waxay ka soo heli jireen agabyo kala duwan gobolka Soomaalida ee dhulka hadda loo yaqaan Itoobiya, sida xoolaha, malmalka (acacia gum), muxurta (myrrh), iyo subagga, kuwaas oo markii dambe loo dhoofin jiray Koonfurta Carabta. Ganacsatada karavaanka ee Eidagale waxay aasaaseen xarumo ganacsi oo muhiim ah gudaha dalka, kuwaas oo ay ka mid tahay magaalada casriga ah ee Hargeysa, taasoo la aasaasay qarnigii 19aad, kana ahayd meel isgoys ah oo u dhexeysa Berbera iyo gudaha Soomaalida.Hargeysa waxaa asal ahaan loo aasaasay bartamaha qarnigii 19aad si ay u noqoto xarun karavaan oo xiriirisa Berbera iyo gudaha.<ref>{{cite book|title=Journal of African Languages|date=1963|publisher=University of Michigan Press|pages=27|language=english}}</ref><ref>Carlos-Swayne, Harald (1900). Seventeen Trips Through Somaliland and a Visit to Abyssinia. p. 96.</ref> Qayb dhownaata oo laga qaaday khariidaddii 1885 ee ay daabacday Royal Geographical Society ayaa si cad u muujinaysa joogitaanka dhuleed ee beesha Eidagale. Khariidaddu waxay calaamadaynaysaa magaalada Hargeysa (oo ku qoran ''Harrer-es-Sagheer''), iyadoo beesha Eidagale loogu yeedhay ''Eed-a-galleh'' kuna muujisan inay deggan yihiin gudaha iyo nawaaxiga deegaankaas. Buuraleyda Naasa Hablood, oo khariidadda lagu qoray ''Nas Hubla'', sidoo kale waa lagu sawiray, taasoo xoojinaysa isku xirka juqraafiyeed iyo dhaqan ee beesha Eidagale ee gobolkaasi.<ref>Royal Geographical Society map, 1885. British Library Archives.</ref> <blockquote>Beesha Eidagale waxaa si weyn loogu yaqaannaa xirfaddooda suugaanta, gaar ahaan gabayga, kaas oo kaalin weyn ku leh aqoonsigooda iyo dhaqankooda. Waxaa lagu tiriyaa dad xigmadda iyo hadal-fasahaadda ku caan baxay, iyagoo gabayga u adeegsada sidii ay u xafidi lahaayeen taariikhda, u gudbin lahaayeen qiimaha bulsheed, una xallin lahaayeen khilaafaadka. Waxaa hadal caan ah oo laga dhex maqlo odhanaya: "Nin aan gabayn karin weli ma dhalan." Tani waxay muujinaysaa sida gabaygu uga yahay laf-dhabar aqoonta iyo wada-noolaanshaha bulshada Eidagale.</blockquote> Eidagale waxay dhaqanka hore iyo kan weli jira u leeyihiin xidhashada toorayda wan, oo ah astaamo muujisa geesinimo, madaxnimo iyo qurux dhaqameed. Tooraydaasi oo qaab ahaan u eg golxadka cajiibka ah, ayaa lagu xidhnaa si sharaf leh, gaar ahaan xilliyada bandhigyada dhaqanka, shirarka dhaqameed iyo munaasibadaha lagu maamuuso hidaha iyo hal-adayga. Xidhashada tooraydu waxay ahayd astaan tilmaamaysa in qofku yahay nin masuul ah, lehna anshaxa iyo edebta dhaqanka Soomaalida.Intaa waxaa dheer, tooraydu ma ahayn oo keliya qurux iyo sharaf lagu muujiyo, balse waxay ahayd hub lagu difaaco nafta iyo bulshada, gaar ahaan marka la joogo duruufo ad-adag oo u baahan feejignaan iyo geesinimo. Marka laga soo tago hidda-sugaaneedkooda, beesha Eidagale waxay sidoo kale caan ku yihiin xirfadda xoolo-dhaqatada, gaar ahaan dhaqashada geela, oo ah tiirka ugu weyn ee dhaqaalahooda iyo noloshooda reer guuraanimada. Geelu wuxuu leeyahay qiimo weyn, wuxuuna astaan u yahay hanti, sharaf, iyo adkaysi. Khibraddooda dheer ee ku saabsan dhaqashada iyo daryeelka geela waxay ka tarjumaysaa aqoon jiilal badan soo jirtay, taasoo ka dhigaysa dad si heer sare ah u yaqaan sida loo ilaaliyo loona kobciyo xoolaha. Isku dhafka suugaantooda afka ah iyo xirfaddooda xoolo-dhaqatada ayaa ah labada tiir ee ugu waaweyn ee dhaxalka dhaqameed ee beesha Eidagale—waa hiddo soo jireen ah oo qoto dheer leh, taasoo weli si xooggan u qeexaysa aqoonsigooda jiilba jiil. An image illustrating 19th-century trade: Beesha Eidagale waxay si weyn ugaga qayb qaadatay ganacsiga guud ee geela iyo agabka dabiiciga ah ee gobolka. Karavaannadii ka yimid gudaha gudaha ayaa halkan ku degi jiray, iyagoo ka ganacsan jiray muxur, malmal, subag iyo xoolo, taasoo Berbera ka dhigtay xarun ganacsi oo istiraatiiji ah oo u xiriiriya gudaha iyo suuqyada caalamiga ah. <blockquote>Soomaalida beesha Eidagale ayaa ka yimaada Ogaadeen iyagoo wata baallo, muxur, malmal, ari, lo’, iyo subag; beddelkeedna waxay ka qaataan dhar jumlo ah. Xilligiiba afar jeer ayay safarradan samaynayaan. Ma joogaan wax ka badan hal bil, intay joogaanna waxay la deggan yihiin reerahooda, cunadoodana waxay ku cunaan makhbaza, ama goobaha cuntada lagu wada cuno.<ref>Hunter, Frederick (1877). An Account of the British Settlement of Aden in Arabia*. Cengage Gale. p. 41.</ref></blockquote> ==Saltanate == Saldanadda Ciidagale waxay ka mid ahayd nidaamyadii ugu faca weynaa ee dhaqanka iyo hoggaanka bulshada ee ka jiray beesha Eidagele. Ciidagale, oo ka mid ah jilibyada waaweyn ee beesha, waxay lahayd hoggaan u gaar ah oo ku dhisnaa xeer, garsoor, iyo midnimo bulsho, kuwaas oo muddo qarniyo ah hagayay bulshada.Nidaamka Saldanaddu wuxuu ku shaqayn jiray hab-dhaqan Soomaaliyeed oo salka ku haya odaynimo, garaad, iyo wada-tashi. Suldaanada iyo ugaasyadu waxay ahaayeen dad lagu yaqaan caqli, hal-adayg, iyo karti hoggaamineed, kana shaqeeya ilaalinta nabadda, xallinta khilaafaadka, iyo u doodista xuquuqda beesha. Saldanadda fawaynta ahayd ee qarniyo badan talinta soo haysay, ayaa asalkeedu dib ugu laabtaa qarnigii 17-aad, xilligii uu aasaasay ''Suldaan Guleed Cabdi Ciise'' — oo ahaa suldaanka guud ee beesha. Muddo dheer ayay saldanaddani ahayd tiir dhexe oo hoggaan, xeer iyo xasillooni u horseeda bulshada, waxaana magaceedu ku dhex lahaa sharaf, maamuus iyo miisaan dhaqan oo aan weli libdhin. Sidoo kale, hogaanka Abokor Muuse—oo ka tirsan faracyada waaweyn ee beesha Ciidagale—waxay leeyihiin taariikh dheer oo ku ladhan hoggaamin, halgan bulsho iyo ilaalinta dhaqanka. Qarnigii 15-aad iyo 16-aad, qaybo badan oo ka mid ah geedka qabiilka ayaa loo xusaa boqorro iyo ''ugaasyo'' ka soo jeeda Reerah iyo Qabiilada beesha Abokor Muuse, ku waas oo door muuqda ku lahaa difaaca bulshada, hagidda dhaqanka iyo ilaalinta nidaamka beesha. ==Clan tree== A summarized family tree of the Eidagalle Clan is presented below.<ref name="survey 147">Hunt, John A. (1951). A general survey of the Somaliland Protectorate 1944-1950. Wayback Machine (archived 2 February 2022). p. 147.</ref> *Daoud(Eidagalle) **[[Maxamed Daoud|Mohamed Daoud]] ***Egal Mohamed (Rer Cigal) ***Ali Mohamed (Rer Afwayne) ***Urkurag Mohamed ****Ali Urkurag *****Fiqi Sa'ad Ali *****Mahamoud Ali *****Ahmed Ali *****Ismail Ali ******Ali Ismail *******Osman Ali *******Jama Ali *******Geedi Ali (Rer Aw) *******Yonis Ali *******Ileiye Ali *******Hagga Ali *******Nuh Ali ********Ali Nuh *******Aden Ali ********Guled Aden ********Ali Aden *******Roble Ali ********Hassan Roble *********Jibril Hassan **********Aden Jibril **********Mohamed Jibril *********Deria Hassan **********Mohamed Deria **********Hussein Deria ********Ali Roble *********Warfa Ali *********Farah Ali **********Hassan Farah *********Abdalle Ali *******Abdalle Ali ********Geedi Abdalle (Rer Geedi) ********Mohamed Abdalle (Rer Mohamed) **Abokor Daoud ***Bilaal Abokor ****Mohamed Bilal *****Egal Mohamed *****Hassan Mohamed *****Farah Mohamed *****Yusuf Mohamed *****Abdi Mohamed ******Geedi Abdi ******Aden Abdi ******Hassan Abdi *****Abdalle Mohamed ******Samter Abdalle ******Abane Abdalle ******Hasan Abdalle ***Isse Abokor ****Dualeh Isse *****Musa Dualeh *****Mohamed Dualeh *****Deria Duleh *****Samter Duleh ****Hassan Isse *****Afi Hassan *****Hujale Hassan *****Abar Hassan *****Yusuf Hassan *****Shire Hassan *****Barre Hassan **Muuse Daoud ***Abokor Muuse ****Saleiban Abokor *****Mohammad Salieban ******Saleiban Mohamed *******Yousuf Saleiban ********Osman Yusuf ********Said Yusuf ********Mohamed Yusuf *******Aralleh Saleiban ********Ali Arralle ********Saleiban Arralle *********Abokor Saleiban **********Abdalleh Abokor ***********Saleiban Abdalle ************Osman Saleiban *************Waisleh Osman **************Mahamoud Wais **************Arralleh Wais **************Hussein wais **************Saleiban Wais **********Saleiban Abokor ***********Warfa Saleiban ***********Arreh Saleiban ***********Farah Saleiban ***********Mahamoud Saleiban **********Hassan Abokor ***********Muuse Hassan ***********Laqshe Hassan ***********Basiralle Hassan ***********Dhimbil Hassan ************Mohammed Dhimbil *************Musa Mohamed **************Adawe Muuse ***************Absiye Adawe ***************Allamagn Adawe ***************Yusuf Adawe ***************Liban Adawe ***************Roble Adawe ***************Osman Adawe ***************Egal Adawe ***************Wais Adawe **************Aden Muuse ***************Had Adan ***************Roble Aden ***************Abane Aden ***************Ali Aden ***************Wais Aden ***************Burale Aden ***************Geedi Aden ***************Boqorre Aden ****************Sugulle Boqore ****************Liban Boqorre ****************Warfa Boqorre ****************Koshin Boqorre ****************Shiekhdon Boqorre *************Mucawiye Mohamed **************Samter Muawiye **************Ali Muawiye *************Fatah Mohamed **************Awarre Fatah **************Mohamed Fatah **************Hassan Fatah **************Cisman fatah *************Gled (Wardon) Mohamed **************Hussein Guled **************Egal Guled **************Yusuf Guled **************Roble Guled **************Abdi Guled **************Elmi Guled **************Samter Guled ************Muuse Dhimbil *************Abdalleh Muuse **************Jibirl Abdalle ***************Siad Jibril ****************Muse Siad ****************Farah Siad ***************Kalil Jibirl ***************Ali kalil ****************Said Ali ****************Koshin Ali ****************Boqorreh Ali *****************Abar Boqorre ******************Deria Abar *******************Abdillahi Deria (Allanleh) ***************Saeed Jibril ****************Sahal Said *****************Abdalle Sahal *****************Musa Sahal ***************Aden Jibril (Rer Adan) ****************Wais Aden ****************Benin Aden ****************Nur Aden ****************Muse Aden ****************Samter Aden ****************Abdalle Aden ****************Jama Aden ****************Eileie Adan ****************Barre Aden ****************Ibrahim Aden ****************Khalaf Aden ****************Ali Aden ****************Adan Aden *****************Ahmed Aden *****************Eiye Aden ***************Abdi Jibril ****************Ali Abdi (Rer Ali Abdi) *****************Abdalle Ali ******************Musa Abdalle *****************Hussein Ali *****************Jama Hussien *****************Nour Hussein *****************Farah Hussien *****************Wa'ays Hussein *****************Hersi Hussien ******************Muhumad Hersi ******************Abdi Hersi ******************Ali Hersi ******************Aidid Hersi *****************Mumin Ali ******************Egal Mumin ******************Jama Mumin ******************Urmah Mumin *******************Dhible Urmah *******************Ismail Urmah *****************Naleye Ali ******************Jama Naleye ******************Dualeh Naleye ******************Warfa Naleye ******************Abdi Naleye ******************Egal Naleye ******************Arralleh Egal *******************Elmi Aralleh *******************Aw-Jama Arralleh ****************Nour Abdi (Rer Nuur) *****************Ismail Nour ******************Gabal Ismail ******************Abdi Ismail ******************Barre Ismail *****************Hersi Nour ******************Hugur Hersi ******************Osman Hersi ******************Bacalul Hersi ******************Ali Hersi ******************Aden Hersi *****************Gabal Nour *****************Mohamed Nour ******************Mohamed Omar *******************Hussein Mohamed ********************Wais Husien ********************Hujale Husien ********************Dirie Husien *******************Sharmake Mohamed ********************Roble Sharmake ********************Nour Sharmake ********************Jama Sharmake *********************Hudale Jama *********************Yasin Jama *******************Allale Mohamed ********************Egal Allale *********************Hassan Egal **********************Omar Hassan **********************Ahmed Hassan ****************Benin Abdi (Rer Benin) *****************Naleye Benin *****************Ahmed Benin *****************Hersi Benin *****************Warfa Benin *****************Samter Benin *****************Abdi Benin *****************Fatah Benin *****************Dirie Benin *****************Osman Benin ****************Abdille Abdi *****************Gallab Abdille (Rer Gallab) ******************Ismail Gallab ******************Asker Gallab ******************Dahir Gallab ******************Wais Gallab ******************Ali Gallab ******************Jama Gallab ******************Roble Gallab ******************Abdi Gallab ******************Yusuf Gallab ******************Farah Gallab *****************Eiae Abdille (Rer Eiye) ******************Gulled Eiye *******************Deria Guled ********************Abokor Deria ********************Osman Derie ********************Khalaf Derie *******************Kalil Guled ********************Farah kalil ********************Ali Kalil ********************Hassan Kalil ********************Osman Kalil ********************Aden Kalil ******************Sharmake Eiye *******************Barre Sharmake *******************Omar Sharmake *******************Hager Sharmake ********************Farah Hager ********************Geedi Hagar ********************Adan Hagar ********************Boqorre Hagar ********************Elmi Hagar *****************Mohamed Abdille ******************Ahmed Mohamed *******************Samter Ahmed *******************Ziyad Ahmed *******************Mayle Ahmed *******************Geedi Ahmed *******************Amanle Ahmed *******************Food Ahmed *******************Dhible Ahmed ********************Ismail Dhible ********************Egal Dhible *******************Ali Ahmed (Rer Ali) ********************Cadad Ali ********************Deria Ali ********************Egal Ali ********************Jibril Ali ********************kalil Ali *********************Magan kalil *********************Deria Kalil *********************Abdi kalil *********************Aden kalil *********************Yusuf kalil *******************Gubadleh Ahmed (Rer Gubadleh) ********************Derie Gubadleh *********************Ismail Derie *********************Gubtame Derie *********************Nour Derie *********************Mohamoud Derie *********************Omar Derie *********************Dualeh Derie *********************Hussein Derie *********************Wa'ays Derie *********************Yusuf Derie ********************Boqorre Gubdleh *********************Hersi Boqorre *********************Ali Boqorre *********************Abdille Boqorre *********************Hirad Boqorre *********************Asker Boqorre *********************Mohamed Boqorre *********************Aw Hassan Boqorre *********************Ismail Boqorre *********************Shire Boqorre *********************Hashi Boqorre *********************Mohamoud (Bahnan) Boqorre *************Mahamoud Muuse **************Shirdon Mohamoud ***************Hamud Shirdon ***************Suldan Shirdon ***************Geele Shirdon ***************Osman Shirdon ***************Egal Shirdon ***************Mohamed Shirdon ***************Yusuf Shirdon **************Hildiid Mohamoud ***************Ali Hildiid ***************Geedi Hildiid (Rer Geedi) ****************Odawa Geedi *****************Odawa Odawa *****************Mahamoud Odawa ****************Geele Geedi ****************Nour(Shire) Geedi ****************Haji Dirie Geedi ****************Samter Geedi ****************Ahmed Geedi ****************Ali Geedi ****************Roble Geedi ***************Hersi Hildiid (Rer Hersi) ****************Ali Hersi ****************Guled Hersi ****************Egal Hersi ****************Aden Hersi ****************Mahamoud Hersi ****************Fahiye Hersi *****************Roble Fahiye ******************Elmi Roble ******************Jama Elmi ******************Ali Elmi *****************Rage Roble *****************Elmi Rage ******************Wais Rage ******************Geedi Rage ******************Hersi Rage ************Ahmed Dhimbil *************Musa Ahmed *************Waisleh Ahmed *************Osman Ahmed *************Liban Ahmed *************Abdi Liban **************Ismail Abdi (Rer Ismail) ***************Aden Ismail ***************Iman Ismail ***************Bulale Ismail ***************Geedi Ismail ***************Idiris Ismail ***************Yusuf Ismail ***************Koshin Ismail ***************Hersi Ismail ***************Shirwac Ismail ***************Said Ismail **************Mohammed Abdi (Addeh) ***************Sarar Mohamed (Rer Sarer) ****************Nour Sarar ****************Mohamed(Hersi) Sarar ****************Farah Sarar ****************Yusuf Sarar ****************Dualeh Sarar ****************Elmi Sarar ***************Ahmed(Bedar)Mohamed ****************Koshin Ahmed ****************Samter Ahmed ****************Uballe Ahmed ****************Hurie (Egal) Ahmed ****************Waraf Ahmed ****************Karie Ahmed ****************Mohamed Ahmed **********Aden Abokor ***********( Aden Mohamed) ************Issa Aden ************Awal Aden (Rer Cawl) *************Abdi Awal **************Had Abdi **************Nour Abdi **************Ahmed Abdi **************Liban Abdi **************Omar Abdi **************Aden Abdi **************Geedi Abdi **************Ibrahim Abdi **************Mohamoud Abdi *************Hassan Aden **************Ziyad Hassan **************Odawa Hasaan **************Ladon Hassan ***************Aden Ladon ****************Herar Ladon ****************Jama Ladon ****************Ali Ladon ****************Fahiye Ladon **************Abdalle Hassan ***************Ali Abdalle ***************Abdi Abdalle (Abdi Waddago) ***************Ahmed Abdalle ***************Halas Ahmed ****************Osman Halas ****************Samter Halas ****************Egal Ahmed *****************Wais Egal *****************Madar Egal ****************Geedi Ahmed *****************Samter Geedi *****************Mohamed Geedi *****************Dalal Geedi *****************Fatah Geedi *****************Waisleh Geedi *****************Allamagan Geedi ******************Guled Allamagan ******************Egal Allamagan *****************Hode Geedi ******************Farah Hode ******************Yusuf Hode ******************Geele Geedi *****************Ahmed Geele ******************Dahir Geele ******************Nour Geele *****************Ali Geedi ******************Osman Ali ******************Hassan Ali ******************Abdalle Ali ******************Yusuf Ali ******************Aden Ali ***Abdirahman Muuse ****Yonis Abdiraham *****Aden Yonis *****Ismail Yonis *****Ugadh Yonis *****Mohamed Yonis ****Abdalle Abdirahman *****Mohamed Abdalle (Bah Daylo) ******Gadid Mohamed ******Abdalle Mohamed ******Loge Mohamed ****Ibrahim Abdalle *****Kulul Ibrahim (Rer kul) *****Abdi Ibrahim (Abdi Dheeri) ******Burale Abdi ******Qabile Abdi ******Hildiid Abdi ******Aden Abdi ******Robe Abdi ******Hersi Abdi ******Geedi Abdi *****Abokor Ibrahim ******Idileh Abokor (Rer Iidleh) *******Farah Iidle *******Ismail Iidle *******Bare Iidle ******Hussein Abokor Matan (Gashaabuur) *******Roble Matan *******Yonis Matan *******Hamud Matan *******Aden Matan *******Damal Aden ********Gabdon Dhamal (Rer Gabdoon) ********Hode Dhamal (Dhamal YarYar) ********Deria Dhamal (Dhamal YarYar) ********Boon Dhamal (Dhamal yaryar) ********Barre Dhamal ( Dhamal yar yar) ********Gabib Dhamal (Dhamal YarYar) ********Fatah Dhamal (Dhamal YarYar) ********Essa Dhamal *********Aden Isse *********Warfa Isse *********Guled Isse *********Liban Isse (Rer Liibaan) *********Hassan Isse (Rer Hassan Isse) *********Abdi Isse **********Mohamed Abdi **********Farah Abdi **********Eiye Abdi **********Warsame Abdi **********Sugulle Abdi **********Aninanshe Abdi **********Amare Abdi **********Ileiye Afwayne Abdi **********Dualeh (Samter) Abdi **********Habarwa Abdi **********Yusuf Abdi **********Warafa Abdi **********Hussein Abdi **********Wais Abdi **********Rage Abdi **********Abdalle Abdi **********Aden Abdi ( Rer Aden) **********Abdi Bari (Abdi Bari) **********Guled Abdi (Rer Guleed) ==Notable figures== * Abdillahi Deria – Prominent anti-colonial fighter * Sh Mohamed Ali Geedi – Scholar and Founder of Horn of Africa charity Organization, which operates and establishes multiple schools across Somaliland and Beder International University. * Mohamed Mooge Liibaan – was a prominent Somali Scholar, vocalist, poet, and military leader. * Gaabuush – Is a scholar, an Air Force engineer, and a respected military leader, with strong tie to SAF. * Kol Ibrahim Koodbuur – Revered Somali SNM commander and freedom fighter, known for his unmatched courage and sacrifice in the struggle against dictatorship. * Hassan Guure Jamac * Abdikarim Mohamed Eid * Abwaan Dheeg * Idiris Haji Cisman Gurey * Siyasi Ali Mohamed Ibrahim (Ali Sanyare) * Hussein M. Adam|Hussein Mohammed Adam (Tanzania) – foremost Somali intellectual and scholar who founded the Somali Studies International Association (SSIA) * Abwan Qawdhan Dualeh * Ahmed Mooge Liibaan – prominent Somali musician and singer * Hajji Abdi Hussein Yusuf (Abdi Warabe)– Respected Somali elder and Guurti member, known for his wisdom and role in peacebuilding and traditional leadership. * Khadra Dahir Cige – popular Somali singer * Suldaan Sakariye Suldan Mohamed S.C/laahi (Galaal) *Ugahz Mohamed Abdille Ahmed , a clan elder (Ughaz) and respected traditional figure. * Mohamed Hassan Finad – Politician and Activist * Ahmed Ismail Dirie "Qaasim" – Well-known Somali Legendary poet. * Mohamoud Guure Husien (Gaal-Eri) – Was a key Somali political figure who led the SNM office in France and was responsible for Somalia’s foreign strategic policy during the Ogaden War. * Ahmed Mohamed Diriye (Toorno) – Former Minister of Education and planning * Gen.Mohamed Osman Aalin (Dayib)– Father of Somaliland Immigration border * Hussein Mohamed Mohamoud – Former Minister of Health * Jama Mohamed Ghalib – served as speaker of the Somali Parliament during the Somali Republic's early civilian administration, between 1960 and 1964 * Mahamed Abdiqadir – 8th grand sultan of the Isaaq * Ismail Mahmud Hurre – former foreign minister of the Transitional Federal Government of Somalia, between 2000-2002 and 2006–2007 * Hussein Ali Mahamado – Activist And Founder Ina-Guuxa Foundation * Jama Asker –Activist And Politician * Abwan Ali Mooge Geedi Egal * Abdishakur Dayib – Prominent Journalist * Sucad Ibrahim Abdi – Politician and Activist * Fadumo faysal Ali – The founder and CEO of Hoiwa Oy * Daud Mahamed – the ninth and current grand sultan of the Isaaq Sultanate. * Abdi Bidhaan Dahir – Journalist * Abwan Muse Ali Farur * Bihi Egeh –Minister of Finance of Somalia * Abdishakur Hussein Ali– is a senior military leader in Somaliland. * Abwan Coloaad Qorane – Poet and Member of Federal Parliament of Somalia * Mahid Guled - Former prime minister of Somalia * Hussein Arab Isse – former deputy prime minister and minister of defence of Somalia, between 2011 and 2012 * Abdikarim Ahmed Mooge – Is Somali politician and the current mayor of Hargeisa city * Shiekh Harreed (Xareed) – Scholar and Religious leader * Guled Bihi Abdi – Politician and Member for Federal Parliament of Somalia * Khalid Foodhaadhi – Multi-Award-Winnnig Journalist ==Sidoo kale fiiri== * [[Dir]] ==References== nlopnexawajxcx8qm89oq0kqot41llj 2 47461 297033 2026-05-07T17:59:23Z Mohamed Ibrahim Olad 45539 Mohamed Ibrahim Olad 297033 wikitext text/x-wiki Mohamed Ibrahim Olad Birth place: Kismayo jubba hoose somalia Date Birth: 27 november 1988 g40dqd4lv6e58qddzmyyf13isvvee2r 297034 297033 2026-05-07T18:03:02Z Mohamed Ibrahim Olad 45539 Mohamed Ibrahim Olad 297034 wikitext text/x-wiki Mohamed Ibrahim Olad Birth place: xafada farjano ,Kismayo , jubba hoose, somalia Date Birth: 27 november 1988 [https://www.facebook.com/share/1KCYeuPtGS/] jaqb12m1v8n1g5gc4e7hz27kt8e0wqf 2 47462 297037 2026-05-07T19:40:48Z Abdimalik7273 45540 Bog cusub: Abdimalik Mahamed Esmael wuxu dhashay sabtembar 1999,Hargaysa, magalo madaxda Jamhuriyada [[Soomaaliland|Somaliland]] 297037 wikitext text/x-wiki Abdimalik Mahamed Esmael wuxu dhashay sabtembar 1999,Hargaysa, magalo madaxda Jamhuriyada [[Soomaaliland|Somaliland]] d9gao6bfuwvjs4fj67grxtcxa8d2wsi