Wikipedia sowiki https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bogga_Hore MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.1 first-letter Media Special Talk User User talk Wikipedia Wikipedia talk File File talk MediaWiki MediaWiki talk Template Template talk Help Help talk Category Category talk Portal Portal talk TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 4739 297121 295428 2026-05-11T02:12:25Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 297121 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Giinyada Dhulbareed''', ​​si rasmi ah '''Jamhuuriyadda Equatorial''' '''Guinea''' , waa waddan ku yaal xeebta galbeed ee Afrikada Dhexe . Waxay leedahay bed dhan 28,000 kiiloomitir laba jibaaran (11,000 sq mi). Markii hore gumaystihii Guinia Isbaanishka , madax-bannaanideeda ka dib magaceeda waxaa loola jeedaa meesha ay ku taal meel u dhow Equator iyo gobolka [[Afrika]] ee Guinea . Laga soo bilaabo 2024 , waddanku wuxuu lahaa dad tiradoodu dhan tahay 1,795,834, in ka badan 85% kuwaas oo xubno ka ah dadka Fang , oo ah qowmiyadda ugu sareysa dalka. Dadka Bubi , asal ahaan ka soo jeeda Biyoko , waa kooxda labaad ee ugu badan qiyaastii 6.5% dadweynaha {{Infobox country | conventional_long_name = Giinyada Dhulbareed | common_name = Equatorial Guinea | native_name = {{unbulleted list|{{native name|en|Republic of Equatorial Guinea}}|{{native name|ar|غينيا الاستوائية}}}} | image_flag = Flag of Equatorial Guinea.svg | image_coat = Coat of arms of Equatorial Guinea.svg | symbol_type = Coat of arms | national_motto = {{native name|so|Midnimo, Nabad, Cadaalad}}<br />"Midnimo, Nabad, Caddaalad" | national_anthem = {{native name|so|[[Aan ku soconno waddooyinka farxadeena baaxadda leh]]|nolink=yes}}<br />''Let Us Walk Treading the Paths of Our Immense Happiness''<br />{{center|[[File:Equatorial Guinea's national anthem, performed by the United States Navy Band.oga]]}} | image_map = GNQ orthographic.svg | map_caption = | capital = [[Malabo]] (''current'')<br /> {{Coord|3|45|N|8|47|E|type:city_region:GQ}}<br>[[Magaalada Nabadda]] (''oo la dhisayo''') | largest_city = [[Bata, Equatorial Guinea|Bata]] | official_languages = {{Plain list| * [[Isbaanish|Isbaanish]] * [[Faransiis|Faransiis]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.worldtravelguide.net/guides/africa/equatorial-guinea/history-language-culture/|title=History, language and culture in Equatorial Guinea|access-date=13 September 2021|archive-date=13 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210913122636/https://www.worldtravelguide.net/guides/africa/equatorial-guinea/history-language-culture/|url-status=live}}</ref> * [[Bortaqiis|Bortaqiis]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://appablog.wordpress.com/2011/10/17/equatorial-guinea-adds-portuguese-as-the-countrys-third-official-language/|title=Equatorial Guinea Adds Portuguese as the Country's Third Official Language|date=14 October 2011|access-date=26 September 2022|archive-date=26 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220926213007/https://appablog.wordpress.com/2011/10/17/equatorial-guinea-adds-portuguese-as-the-countrys-third-official-language/|url-status=live}}</ref>}} | regional_languages = {{Collapsible list |framestyle=border:none; padding:0; |[[Luuqada fangka|fangka]] |[[Luuqada Buube|Buube]] |[[Kiriolka Annobon]] |[[Luuqada Kombe|Kombe]] |[[lluqadda Kwasio|Kwasio]]}} | ethnic_groups = {{unbulleted list| 85.7% [[lDad fang ah|Fangka]]| 6.5% [[Reer Bubi|Bubi]]| 3.6% [[Tirakoobka dadka Equatorial Guinea#Peoples considered as natives|Ndowe]]| 1.6% Annobon| 1.1% [[Kwasio people|Bujeba]]| 1.1% Kuwa kale}} | ethnic_groups_year = 2020<ref name=CIA>[https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/equatorial-guinea/ Equatorial Guinea] {{Wayback|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/equatorial-guinea/ |date=20210109235259 }}{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109235259/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/equatorial-guinea |date=9 January 2021 }}. Cia World Factbook.</ref> | religion = {{ublist |item_style=white-space:nowrap;|88.7% [[Christianity]]|5.0% [[Irreligious|no religion]]|4.0% [[Islam]]|1.7% [[African Traditional Religion|traditional faiths]]|0.6% [[Religion in Equatorial Guinea|other]]s}} | religion_year = 2020 | religion_ref = <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.globalreligiousfutures.org/countries/equatorial-guinea#/?affiliations_religion_id=0&affiliations_year=2020&region_name=All+Countries&restrictions_year=2016|title=Religions in Equatorial Guinea &#124; PEW-GRF|website=Global Religious Futures|access-date=19 April 2022|archive-date=9 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220409020658/http://www.globalreligiousfutures.org/countries/equatorial-guinea#/?affiliations_religion_id=0&affiliations_year=2020&region_name=All+Countries&restrictions_year=2016}}</ref> | demonym = {{unbulleted list|[[Tirakoobka dadka Equatorial Guinea|Equatoguinean]]|[[Tirakoobka dadka Equatorial Guinea|Equatorial Guinean]]}} | government_type = Midaysan [[Jamhuuriyadda Madaxweyne|Jamhuuriyadda Madaxwayne]] ka amar-qaata [[Dynasty#Kalitalisnimo dhaxal gal ah|Kaligii talisnimo dhaxal gal ah]]<ref>{{Cite web|first=Paul|last=Melly|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-57176712|title=Africa's political dynasties: How presidents groom their sons for power|date=2021-05-30|access-date=2025-04-20|work=[[BBC News]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite report|title=Equatorial Guinea 2020 Human Rights Report|url=https://gq.usembassy.gov/wp-content/uploads/sites/194/EQUATORIAL-GUINEA-2020-HUMAN-RIGHTS-REPORT.pdf|website=U.S. Embassy in Equatorial Guinea|access-date=8 August 2021|section=Section 3. Freedom to Participate in the Political Process|page=15|date=2020|archive-date=16 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210716074830/https://gq.usembassy.gov/wp-content/uploads/sites/194/EQUATORIAL-GUINEA-2020-HUMAN-RIGHTS-REPORT.pdf }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Democracy Index 2020|url=https://www.eiu.com/n/campaigns/democracy-index-2020/|access-date=17 December 2021|website=Economist Intelligence Unit|language=en-GB|archive-date=3 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303040250/https://www.eiu.com/n/campaigns/democracy-index-2020/|url-status=live}}</ref> | leader_title1 = [[Liiska Madaxweynayaasha Equatorial Guinea|Madaxweyne]] | leader_name1 = [[Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo]] | leader_title2 = [[Madaxweyne ku xigeenka Equatorial Guinea|Madaxweyne ku xigeenka]] | leader_name2 = [[Teodoro Nguema Obiang Mangue]] | leader_title3 = [[Liiska Ra'iisul Wasaaraha Equatorial Guinea|Ra'iisul Wasaare]] | leader_name3 = [[Manuel Osa Nsue Nsua]] | leader_title4 = [[Guddoomiyaha Maxkamadda Sare]] | leader_name4 = Joaquín Asong Owono Mbang | legislature = [[Baarlamaanka Equatorial Guinea|Baarlamaanka]] | upper_house = [[Guurtida (Equatorial Guinea)|Guurtida]] | lower_house = [[Golaha Wakiilada (Equatorial Guinea)|Golaha wakiilada]] | sovereignty_type = Madaxbanaanida | sovereignty_note = ka [[Isbayn|Isbayn]] | established_event1 = Lagu dhawaaqay | established_date1 = 12 October 1968 | area_km2 = 28,050 | area_rank = 141st <!-- Area rank should match [[List of countries and dependencies by area]] --> | area_sq_mi = 10,830 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]--> | percent_water = dayacan | population_estimate = 1,795,834 <ref name="CIAWorldFactbook">{{Cite CIA World Factbook|country=Equatorial Guinea|access-date=2 September 2024|year=2024}}</ref> | population_estimate_year = 2025 | population_estimate_rank = 154aad | population_density_km2 = 67 | population_density_sq_mi = <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]--> | population_density_rank = 147aad | GDP_PPP = {{increase}} $33.001 billion<ref>{{cite web |title=World Economic Outlook Database, April 2025 |url=https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2025/april |language=en}}</ref> | GDP_PPP_year = 2025 | GDP_PPP_rank = 149aad | GDP_PPP_per_capita = {{increase}} $20,017<ref>{{cite web |title=World Economic Outlook Database, April 2025 |url=https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2025/april |language=en}}</ref> | GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 92aad | GDP_nominal = {{increase}} $12.680 billion<ref>{{cite web |title=World Economic Outlook Database, April 2025 |url=https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2025/april |language=en}}</ref> | GDP_nominal_year = 2025 | GDP_nominal_rank = 149aad | GDP_nominal_per_capita = {{increase}} $7,750<ref>{{cite web |title=World Economic Outlook Database, April 2025 |url=https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2025/april |language=en}}</ref> | GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 95aad | Gini = <!--number only--> | Gini_year = | Gini_change = <!--increase/decrease/steady--> | Gini_ref = | Gini_rank = | HDI = 0.674 <!--number only--> | HDI_year = 2023<!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year--> | HDI_change = increase <!--increase/decrease/steady--> | HDI_ref = <ref name="UNHDR" /> | HDI_rank = 133aad | currency = [[Farankii Afrikada Dhexe ee CFA]] | currency_code = XAF | time_zone = [[West Africa Time|WAT]] | utc_offset = +1 | utc_offset_DST = | time_zone_DST = | calling_code = [[+240]] | cctld = [[.gq]] | footnote_a = Oo ay ku jiraan [[Equatoguinean Isbaanish]] ('Isbaanishka Equatorial Guinea). | today = }} Equatorial Guinea waxay ka kooban tahay laba qaybood. Gobolka dhul weynaha, Río Muni , waxaa xuduud la leh Cameroon dhanka waqooyi iyo Gabon ee koonfurta iyo bari. Waxay leedahay inta badan dadka waana meesha ay ku taal Bata , magaalada ugu weyn Equatorial Guinea, iyo Ciudad de la Paz , caasimadda mustaqbalka ee mustaqbalka ee dalka. Jasiiradaha yar yar ee Río Muni waxaa ka mid ah Corisco , Elobey Grande , iyo Elobey Chico . Gobolka insular wuxuu ka kooban yahay jasiiradaha Bioko (oo hore Fernando Po) ee Gacanka Guinea iyo Annobón . Jasiiradda Bioko waa qaybta waqooyi ee dalka Equatorial Guinea waana goobta ay ku taal caasimadda dalka ee Malabo . Jasiiradda São Tomé iyo Príncipe ee ku hadasha Boortaqiisku waxay ku taal inta u dhaxaysa Bioko iyo Annobón. Equatorial Guinea waxa ay xornimada ka qaadatay Spain 1968-kii, markaas oo uu maamuli jiray kaligii taliskii dhiigyacabka ahaa ee Madaxweyne Francisco Macías Nguema . Sannadkii 1972-kii ayuu ku dhawaaqay inuu yahay madaxweyne inta uu nool yahay , balse waxaa afgambi ku qabsaday 1979-kii wiil uu adeer u ahaa, Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo , kaasoo tan iyo xilligaas ahaa madaxweynaha dalkaas. Taliskii Obiang waxa kale oo si weyn loogu sifeeyey kali talisnimo goobjoogayaal shisheeye. Tan iyo bartamihii 1990-meeyadii, Equatorial Guinea waxa ay noqotay mid ka mid ah dalalka Saxaraha ka hooseeya ee Afrika ugu badan ee soo saara saliidda. Kadib waxa ay noqotay dalka ugu qanisan Afrika qofkiiba; si kastaba ha ahaatee, hantida ayaa ah mid si aad ah loo qaybiyay, iyadoo dad yar ay ka faa'iideysanayaan hodantinimada saliidda. Wadanku wuxuu ku jiraa 133rd ee 2023 Tusmada Horumarinta Aadanaha , iyada oo in ka yar kala badh dadku ay helaan biyo nadiif ah oo la cabbo iyo 7.9% carruurta dhimanaysa ka hor intaanay shan sano gaarin. Maadaama Equatorial Guinea uu yahay gumeysi hore oo Isbaanish ah, Isbaanishku waa luqadda rasmiga ah ee ugu weyn. Faransiiska iyo (ilaa 2010 ) Bortuqiisku sidoo kale si rasmi ah ayaa loo dhigay. Waa dalka kaliya ee madax banaan ee Afrika halkaas oo Isbaanishku yahay luqad rasmi ah. Dawlada Equatorial Guinea waa kali talis iyo suldaane waxayna leedahay mid ka mid ah diiwaanada xuquuqul insaanka ee ugu xun aduunka , waxayna si joogta ah ugu jirtaa "kuwa ugu xun" sahan sanadeedka Freedom House ee xuquuqda siyaasadeed iyo madaniga . Saxafiyiinta aan xuduuda lahayn ayaa Obiang ku qiimeeyay mid ka mid ah "ugaadhayasha" xoriyada saxaafada. Ka ganacsiga dadka waa dhibaato weyn, iyadoo warbixinta ka ganacsiga dadka ee Mareykanka ay ku tilmaantay Equatorial Guinea inay tahay isha iyo dalka loo socdo shaqada qasabka ah iyo ka ganacsiga galmada. Dalku waa xubin ka tirsan Qaramada Midoobay , Midowga Afrika , Francophonie , OPEC , iyo CPLP ==Taariikhda== Doofaradu waxay u badan tahay inay mar ku noolaayeen gobolka qaarada ee hadda loo yaqaan Equatorial Guinea, laakiin maanta waxa laga helaa jeebab go'doonsan oo ku yaal koonfurta Río Muni. hijrada Bantu waxay u badan tahay inay bilaabmeen qiyaastii 2,000 BC oo ka yimid inta u dhaxaysa koonfur-bari Nigeria iyo waqooyi-galbeed Cameroon (Grassfields). Waa inay degeen qaaradaha Equatorial Guinea qiyaastii 500 BC ugu dambayn. Degsiimooyinka ugu horreeya ee Jasiiradda Bioko waxay ku taariikhaysan yihiin AD 530. Dadka Annobón , oo asal ahaan ka soo jeeda Angola , waxaa soo bandhigay Bortuqiisku iyagoo sii maraya jasiiradda Sao Tomé ===Xidhiidhkii ugu horeeyay ee Yurub iyo xeerka Boortaqiis (1472-1778)=== [[File:1729 West Africa map (Cameroon & Nigeria).jpg|thumb|Xukunka Portuguese-ka ee Equatorial Guinea wuxuu socday laga bilaabo imaatinka Fernão do Pó (Fernando Pó) 1472 ilaa 1778 Heshiiskii El Pardo]] Sahamiyaha Boortaqiiska ee Fernando Pó , oo raadinaya waddo Hindiya, ayaa loo tiriyaa inuu yahay Yurub ugu horeysay si uu u arko jasiiradda Bioko, 1472. Waxa uu ugu yeeray Formosa ("Quruxda"), laakiin si dhakhso ah ayay u qaadatay magaca sahankeeda Yurub. Fernando Pó iyo Annobón waxaa gumeystay Portugal 1474. Warshadihii ugu horreeyay waxaa laga dhisay jasiiradaha ku dhawaad ​​1500 iyadoo Bortuqiisku ay si degdeg ah u aqoonsadeen wanaagga jasiiradaha oo ay ku jiraan ciidda volcano iyo dhulalka sare ee u adkaysta cudurrada. Inkasta oo ay jiraan faa'iidooyin dabiici ah, dadaalladii ugu horreeyay ee Bortuqiisku 1507 si ay u abuuraan beero sonkor ah iyo magaalo u dhow waxa hadda loo yaqaan Concepción ee Fernando Pó ayaa ku guuldareystay Bubi cadaawad iyo qandho awgeed. ===Xukunkii hore ee Isbaanishka iyo kiraynta Ingiriiska (1778-1844)=== [[File:África Ecuatorial Española.svg|thumb|Kobcinta hantida Isbaanishka iyo sheegashooyinka Gacanka Guinea, 1778-1968 (Isbaanish)]] Sanadkii 1778, Boqorada Maria I ee Portugal iyo Boqor Charles III ee Spain waxay saxiixeen Heshiiskii El Pardo kaas oo ku wareejiyay Bioko , jasiiradaha ku xiga, iyo xuquuqda ganacsiga ee Bight of Biafra inta u dhaxaysa webiyada Niger iyo Ogoue ilaa Spain iyadoo lagu beddelayo meelo badan oo Koonfurta Ameerika ah oo hadda ah Galbeedka Brazil. Brigadier Felipe José, Count of Arjelejos ayaa si rasmi ah ula wareegay Bioko oo ka yimid Portugal 21kii Oktoobar 1778. Ka dib markii uu u dhoofay Annobón si uu u haysto, Count wuxuu u dhintay cudur uu qabtay Bioko iyo shaqaalihii qandho-xumada ayaa la gooyay. Shaqaalihii markabka waxay ku dageen São Tomé halkii ay ku xidheen maamulka Bortuqiisku ka dib markii ay 80% raggoodii ku waayeen xanuun. Natiijadii masiibadaas awgeed, Spain ayaa markaa ka walaacsanayd inay si weyn u maalgeliso hantideeda cusub. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, inkastoo dib u dhac ku yimid Isbaanishka ayaa bilaabay inay u isticmaalaan jasiiradda saldhig u ah ganacsiga addoonta ee dhul weynaha u dhow. Intii u dhaxaysay 1778 iyo 1810, dhulka waxa noqday Equatorial Guinea waxa maamulay ku xigeenka Río de la Plata , oo fadhigeedu ahaa Buenos Aires . Isaga oo aan doonayn in uu si weyn u maalgeliyo horumarinta Fernando Pó, laga bilaabo 1827 ilaa 1843, Isbaanishku waxa uu ka kiraystay saldhig ku yaal Malabo oo ku taal Bioko Boqortooyada Midowday ee Boqortooyada Midowday taas oo ay raadineysay qayb ka mid ah dadaalkeeda si loo xakameeyo ganacsiga addoonta ee transatlantic . Iyadoo aan la helin ogolaansho Isbaanish ah, Ingiriisku wuxuu u guuray xarunta dhexe ee Guddiga Isku-dhafka ah ee Xakamaynta Taraafikada Addoomaha Fernando Pó 1827, ka hor inta aan dib loogu celin Sierra Leone iyada oo la raacayo heshiis Spain 1843. Go'aanka Isbaanishka ee baabi'inta addoonsiga 1817 ee ku adkeysiga Ingiriiska ayaa waxyeello u geystay dakhliga gumeysiga iyo dakhliga la ogaaday in uu kasbaday qiimaha dakhliga hanti aan faa'iido lahayn. Heshiis ay Spain ku iibisay gumaysigeeda Afrikaanka ah ee Ingiriiska ayaa la joojiyay 1841 sababtoo ah ra'yiga dadweynaha ee magaalada iyo mucaaradka Isbaanishka. ===Dabayaaqadii qarnigii 19-aad (1844-1900)=== [[File:(1897) Golfo de Guinea.jpg|thumb|Khariidadda hantida Isbaanishka ee 1897, ka hor heshiiskii Paris (1900)]] Sannadkii 1844-kii, Ingiriisku wuxuu jasiiradda dib ugu soo celiyay gacanta Isbaanishka, aaggana waxaa loo yaqaan "Territorios Españoles del Golfo de Guinea". Sababo la xiriira cudurrada faafa, Spain wax badan ma gelin gumeysiga, iyo 1862, dillaaca qandhada jaalaha ah ayaa dilay qaar badan oo ka mid ah caddaanka oo degay jasiiradda. Iyadoo taasi jirto, beero beero ayaa sii waday in ay abuuraan muwaadiniin gaar ah ilaa nuskii dambe ee qarnigii 19-aad. Beeraha Fernando Pó waxaa inta badan maamuli jiray koox madow oo Creole ah , oo markii dambe loo yaqaan Fernandinos . Ingriisku waxa uu dejiyay ilaa 2,000 oo reer Sierraliyon ah, waxa uu halkaa ku sii daayay addoomo intii ay xukunka hayeen, waxaana sii socday tahriibka ka imanaya Galbeedka Afrika iyo Galbeedka Hindiya ka dib markii Ingiriisku ka baxay. Tiro ka mid ah addoommadii Angola ee la sii daayay, Bortuqiisku-Afrika crioles iyo muhaajiriin ka yimid Nigeria, iyo Liberia ayaa sidoo kale bilaabay in la dejiyo gumeysiga, halkaas oo ay si degdeg ah u bilaabeen inay ku biiraan kooxda cusub. Isku dhafka maxalliga ah waxaa lagu daray Cubans, Filibiin, Yuhuud iyo Isbaanish midabyo kala duwan leh, kuwaas oo qaar badan oo ka mid ah loo masaafuriyey Afrika dambiyo siyaasadeed ama kuwo kale, iyo sidoo kale qaar ka mid ah degayaasha oo ay taageerto dawladda. Sannadkii 1870-kii, saadaasha caddaanka ee ku noolaa jasiiradda ayaa aad loo hagaajiyay ka dib markii la soo jeediyay in ay ku nool yihiin buuraha sare, iyo 1884 in badan oo ka mid ah mishiinnada maamulka ugu yar iyo beeraha muhiimka ah waxay u guureen Basile boqolaal mitir oo ka sarreeya heerka badda. Henry Morton Stanley waxa uu Fernando Pó ku calaamadiyay "Jowhar aan Isbayn poliseyn" diidmada in la sameeyo siyaasad noocaas ah. Inkasta oo ay wanaajiyeen fursadaha badbaadada ee dadka reer Yurub ee ku nool jasiiradda, Mary Kingsley , oo ku sii jirtay jasiiradda, ayaa weli ku tilmaantay Fernando Pó "qaab aan raaxo lahayn oo dil ah" oo loogu talagalay Isbaanishka loo magacaabay halkaas. Waxa kale oo jiray qulqulka socdaalka ka imanayay jasiiradaha dariska ah ee Bortuqiisku, addoommadii baxsaday, iyo beeralayda mustaqbalka. Inkasta oo qaar ka mid ah Fernandinos ay ahaayeen kuwo Catholic iyo Isbaanish ku hadla, qiyaastii sagaal meelood meel ka mid ah waxay ahaayeen Protestant iyo Ingiriisi ku hadla habeenkii dagaalkii koowaad ee aduunka, iyo pidgin Ingiriisi wuxuu ahaa luqadda jasiiradda. Dadka reer Siiraliyoon ayaa si gaar ah loogu meeleeyay sidii beeralay iyadoo shaqaalaysiinta shaqaalaha ee xeebta Windward ay sii socotay. Fernandinos waxay noqdeen ganacsato iyo dhexdhexaadin u dhexeeya dadka u dhashay iyo Yurubiyaanka. Addoon xor ah oo ka soo jeeda Galbeedka Hindiya iyada oo loo marayo Sierra Leone oo lagu magacaabo William Pratt ayaa aasaasay dalagga kookaha ee Fernando Pó. ===Horraantii qarnigii 20aad (1900-1945)=== [[File:Eq_Guinea_1900_ES.PNG|thumb|Xuduudaha ka dib heshiiskii 1900 ee dhulkii noqon lahaa Isbaanishka Guinea , ilaa madax-bannaanida 1968]] Spain ma aysan qabsan dhul ballaaran oo ku yaalla Bight of Biafra oo ay xaq ugu lahayd heshiis , Faransiiskuna wuxuu balaadhiyey qabsashadiisa iyadoo kharashka ku baxaya dhulka ay Spain sheeganayso. Madrid kaliya waxay taageertay sahaminta ragga sida Manuel Iradier oo saxiixay heshiisyo gudaha ah ilaa Gabon iyo Cameroon, taasoo ka tagtay dhul badan oo ka baxsan "shaqsi wax ku ool ah" sida ay dalbadeen shuruudaha Shirkii Berlin 1885 . Taageerada ugu yar ee dawladeed ee ku darista dhul weynaha waxay ku timid natiijada ra'yiga dadweynaha iyo baahida shaqaale ee Fernando Pó. Heshiiskii Paris ee 1900kii wuxuu Spain uga tagay dhul-badeedka qaaradda ee Río Muni, kaliya 26,000 km 2 oo ka mid ah 300,000km 2 oo ku fidsan bari ilaa webiga Ubangi oo ay Isbaanishka markii hore sheegteen. Bahdilaadda wada xaajoodka Franco-Spanish, oo ay weheliso masiibada Cuba waxay keentay madaxa kooxda gorgortanka Isbaanishka, Pedro Gover y Tovar , oo is dilay isaga oo ku safraya guriga 21 Oktoobar 1901. Iradier qudhiisu wuxuu ku dhintay rajo-beel 1911; Tobannaan sano ka dib, dekedda Cogo waxaa loo beddelay Puerto Iradier sharaftiisa. Xeerarka dhulka ee la soo saaray 1904-1905 waxay doorbideen Isbaanishka, iyo badi beeralayda waaweyn ee dambe ayaa ka yimid Spain ka dib. Waxaa heshiis lala galay Liberia 1914 si loo soo dejiyo shaqaale jaban. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, si kastaba ha ahaatee, si kastaba ha ahaatee, dawladda Liberia waxay soo afjartay heshiiska ka dib markii ay soo shaac baxday xaaladda shaqaalaha Liberian ee Fernando Pó ee Warbixinta Christy taas oo hoos u dhigtay madaxweynihii waddanka Charles DB King ee 1930. [[File:Corisco-Saliendo_de_misa-1910.jpg|thumb|Corisco 1910kii]] Dabayaaqadii qarnigii sagaal iyo tobnaad, Bubi waxaa laga ilaaliyay dalabaadka beeralayda adeegayaasha Isbaanishka Claretian , kuwaas oo aad u saameeyay gumeysiga ugu dambeyntiina waxay u abaabuleen Bubi kooxo yar oo hawlgallo ah oo xasuusinaya dhimista caanka ah ee Jesuit ee Paraguay . Galitaanka Katooliga waxa sii kordhiyey laba kacdoon oo yaryar sannadihii 1898 iyo 1910 iyaga oo ka mudaaharaadaya qoritaanka shaqada qasabka ah ee beeraha. Bubi ayaa hubka laga dhigay 1917, waxayna ka tageen iyagoo ku tiirsan adeegayaasha. Shaqala'aan aad u daran ayaa si ku meel gaar ah loo xaliyay qulqulka qaxootiga ee Jarmalka Kamerun , oo ay la socdaan kumanaan askar Jarmal ah oo caddaan ah oo joogay jasiiradda dhowr sano. Intii u dhaxaysay 1926 iyo 1959, Bioko iyo Río Muni waxay ku midoobeen gumaysigii Isbaanishka Guinea . Dhaqaaluhu waxa uu ku salaysnaa beero kacao iyo kafeega oo waaweyn iyo wax-is -goosad-jarida iyo shaqaaluhu waxay u badnaayeen shaqaale qandaraasle oo ka yimid Laybeeriya , Nigeria , iyo Cameroun . Intii u dhaxaysay 1914 iyo 1930 , qiyaastii 10,000 Liberian ah ayaa aaday Fernando Po iyada oo la raacayo heshiis shaqaale ah oo la joojiyay gebi ahaanba 1930 . Ololeyaal ayaa la qaaday si loo jabiyo dadka Fang sannadihii 1920-meeyadii, xilligaasi oo Laybeeriya ay billowday in ay dhimato shaqaalaysiinta. Waxaa jiray garisyo ka tirsan ilaalada gumeysiga oo dhan 1926-kii, gumeysiga oo dhanna waxaa loo tixgeliyey 'nabadiyay' 1929. [[File:Iberia-_vuelo_inaugural_a_Bata_(Guinea)_(1941)_(5811105541).jpg|thumb|Duulimaadkii ugu horreeyay ee Iberia oo ka yimid Madrid kuna socday Bata , 1941]] Dagaalkii Sokeeye ee Isbaanishka ayaa saameyn weyn ku yeeshay gumeysiga. Koox ka kooban 150 caddaan ah oo Isbaanish ah, oo ay ku jiraan Guddoomiyaha Guud iyo Ku-Xigeenka Guud ee Río Muni, ayaa abuuray xisbi hantiwadaag ah oo lagu magacaabo Front Popular in the enclave kaas oo ka soo horjeeda danaha milkiilayaasha Fernando Pó. Markii dagaalku qarxay Francisco Franco wuxuu amar ku bixiyay ciidamada qaranka ee fadhigoodu yahay Canaries si ay u xaqiijiyaan xukunka Equatorial Guinea. Bishii Sebtembar 1936, ciidamada qaranka oo ay taageerayaan Falangists oo ka socda Fernando Pó ayaa la wareegay Río Muni, kaas oo hoos yimaada Guddoomiyaha Guud Luiz Sanchez Guerra Saez iyo ku xigeenkiisa Porcel ayaa taageeray dawladda Jamhuuriga. Bishii Nofembar, Jabhadda caanka ah iyo taageerayaasheeda waa la jebiyey waxaana Equatorial Guinea ay u xaqiijisay Franco. Taliyaha shaqada gacanta ku haya, Juan Fontan Lobé, waxaa loo magacaabay Guddoomiyaha Guud ee Franco wuxuuna bilaabay inuu si dheeraad ah u maamulo Isbaanishka gudaha gudaha. Río Muni wuxuu si rasmi ah u lahaa in ka yar 100,000 oo qof 1930-meeyadii; U baxsashada Cameroun ama Gabon way fududahay. Fernando Pó ayaa sidaas ku sii waday inay la ildaran tahay shaqo yaraan. Faransiisku wuxuu si kooban u oggolaaday shaqaaleysiinta Cameroun, isha ugu weyn ee shaqaduna waxay ahayd Igbo laga soo tahriibiyay doonyaha Calabar ee Nigeria . Qaraarkan ayaa horseeday in Fernando Pó uu noqdo mid ka mid ah meelaha ugu wax soo saarka badan Afrika ee wax soo saarka beeraha kadib dagaalkii labaad ee aduunka . ===Sanadihii ugu dambeeyay ee xukunka Isbaanishka (1945-1968)=== [[File:Naval_Infantry_in_Spanish_Guinea_1964.jpg|thumb|Guardia Civil and Marine Infantry ee Isbaanishka Guinea 1964kii]] [[File:Fraga_na_sinatura_da_independencia_de_Guinea_Ecuatorial.jpg|thumb|Saxiixa madax-banaanida Equatorial Guinea ee wasiirka Isbaanishka Manuel Fraga oo uu weheliyo madaxweynaha cusub ee Equatorial Guinea Macías Nguema 12 Oktoobar 1968]] Siyaasad ahaan, taariikhda gumeysiga ka dib waxay leedahay saddex weji oo si cadaalad ah u kala duwan: ilaa 1959, markii maqaamkeeda laga soo kiciyey "gumeysi" ilaa "gobol", iyadoo la raacayo habka Boqortooyada Boortaqiiska ; intii u dhaxaysay 1960 iyo 1968, markii Madrid ay isku dayday in qayb ka mid ah gumaystaha laga saaro oo looga golleeyahay in lagu ilaaliyo dhulka qayb ka mid ah nidaamka Isbaanishka; iyo laga bilaabo 1968-kii, ka dib markii uu dhulku noqday Jamhuuriyad madaxbannaan . Wajigii kowaad waxa uu ka koobnaa in yar oo aan ahayn sii socoshada siyaasadihii hore; kuwanu waxay si dhow u shabahaan siyaasadaha Portugal iyo France, gaar ahaan in loo qaybiyo dadka loo qaybiyo aqlabiyad aad u badan oo lagu xukumo 'dadka u dhashay' ama aan muwaadiniinta ahayn, iyo tiro aad u yar (oo ay weheliyaan caddaanka) waxay qirteen heerka madaniga ah sida emancipados , oo la mid ah dhaqanka magaalada oo ah habka kaliya ee la ogol yahay ee horumarinta. Marxaladdan "gobolka" waxay aragtay bilawga qarannimada , laakiin waxay u badan tahay kooxo yaryar oo ka magan-galay gacantii aabbaha ee Caudillo ee Cameroun iyo Gabon. Waxay samaysteen laba jidh: Movimiento Nacional de Liberación de la Guinea (MONALIGE), iyo Idea Popular de Guinea Ecuatorial (IPGE). Dabayaaqadii 1960-aadkii, qaarada Afrika inteeda badan ayaa la siiyay xornimo. Isbaanishka oo og isbedelkan, ayaa bilaabay inuu kordhiyo dadaalka loogu diyaargaroobayo dalka madax-bannaanida. Wax -soo-saarka guud ee qaranka qofkiiba 1965kii wuxuu ahaa $466, taasoo ahayd tan ugu sarreysa Afrikada madow; Isbaanishku waxay garoon diyaaradeed caalami ah ka dhisteen Santa Isabel, xarun talefishin waxayna kordhiyeen heerka wax-akhrisnimada ilaa 89%. Sannadkii 1967-kii, tirada sariiraha cusbitaalka qofkiiba ee Equatorial Guinea ayaa ka sarreeyay Spain lafteeda, iyadoo 1637 sariirood ay ku yaalleen 16 isbitaal. Dhammaadkii taliskii gumeysiga, tirada Afrikaanka ee tacliinta sare waxay ahayd laba lambar oo keliya. Go'aan 9 Agoosto 1963, oo lagu ansixiyay afti 15 December 1963, ayaa siisay dhulka cabbirka madaxbannaanida iyo horumarinta maamulka koox 'dhexdhexaad' ah, Movimiento de Unión Nacional de Guinea Ecuatorial (MUNGE). Tani waxay ahayd mid aan lagu guulaysan, iyo, iyada oo cadaadiska sii kordhaya ee isbeddelka ee UN-ka, Madrid ayaa si tartiib tartiib ah loogu qasbay inay u oggolaato socodka qarannimada. Laba go'aan oo Golaha Guud ah ayaa la soo saaray 1965-kii oo lagu amrayay Spain inay madaxbannaanida siiso gumeysiga, 1966-kii, guddi Qaramada Midoobay ah ayaa socdaal ku tagay dalka ka hor intaysan ku talin wax la mid ah. Iyaga oo ka jawaabaya, Isbaanishku wuxuu ku dhawaaqay inay qabanayaan shir dastuuri ah 27 Oktoobar 1967 si ay uga wada xaajoodaan dastuur cusub oo loo sameeyo Equatorial Guinea oo madax-bannaan. Shirkan waxaa ka soo qayb galay 41 ergo oo maxali ah iyo 25 Isbaanish ah. Dadka Afrikaanka ah waxa ay u kala qaybsameen Fernandinos iyo Bubi oo dhinac ah, kuwaas oo ka baqay inay lumiyaan mudnaanta iyo 'daaqsanaanta' aqlabiyadda Fang, iyo waddaniyiinta Río Muni Fang dhinaca kale. Shirka, hogaamiyaha Fang, madaxwaynihii ugu horeeyay Francisco Macías Nguema , ayaa jeediyay khudbad muran badan dhalisay oo uu ku sheegay in Adolf Hitler uu "badbaadiyay Afrika". Sagaal fadhi ka dib, shirku waa la hakiyay sababtoo ah ismari waa u dhexeeya "ururiyiinta" iyo " gooni-goosadka " kuwaas oo doonayay Fernando Pó gooni ah. Macías wuxuu go'aansaday inuu u safro Qaramada Midoobay si uu u xoojiyo wacyiga caalamiga ah ee arrinta, iyo khudbadihiisii ​​​​hore ee New York waxay gacan ka geysteen in Spain ay magacawdo taariikhda madaxbannaanida iyo doorashooyinka guud. Bishii Luulyo 1968-kii ku dhawaad ​​dhammaan hoggaamiyeyaasha Bubi waxay aadeen UN-ta New York si ay isugu dayaan oo ay kor ugu qaadaan wacyiga qaddiyaddooda, laakiin bulshada adduunku ma xiisaynaynin inay ka dhiidhiyaan waxyaabaha gaarka ah ee madaxbannaanida gumeysiga. 1960-meeyadii waxa ay ahaayeen xilli rajo weyn laga qabay mustaqbalka dalalkii Afrikaanka ahaa ee gumeysan jiray, kooxihii ka ag dhawaa madaxda Yurub, sida Bubi, si wanaagsan looma eegin. ===Madax-bannaanidii Macías (1968-1979)=== [[File:Don_Francisco_Macias.jpg|thumb|Francisco Macías Nguema , Madaxweynihii ugu horeeyay ee Equatorial Guinea 1968-dii, waxa uu noqday kaligii taliye ilaa uu afgambi ku qabsaday 1979-kii.]] Xornimada Spain waxay qaadatay 12 Oktoobar 1968, duhurnimadii caasimadda Malabo. Dalka cusub wuxuu noqday Jamhuuriyadda Equatorial Guinea (taariikhda waxaa loo dabaaldegaa maalinta madax-bannaanida dalka Macías waxa uu madaxweyne ka noqday doorashada kaliya ee xor iyo xalaal ah ee dalka ka dhacday ilaa maanta . Isbaanishka (oo uu xukumo Franco ) ayaa taageeray Macías doorashada; Ololihiisa intiisa badan waxa uu ku lug lahaa booqasho uu ku tagay dhulka miyiga ah ee Río Muni oo uu u ballan qaaday in ay heli doonaan guryaha iyo xaasaska Isbaanishka haddii ay isaga u codeeyaan. Waxa uu ku guuleystay wareegii labaad ee codbixinta. Intii lagu jiray dagaalkii sokeeye ee Nigeria , Fernando Pó waxaa ku noolaa shaqaale badan oo Biafra-taageeraya Ibo muhaajiriin ah, qaxooti badan oo ka yimid gobolka go'ay ayaa u qaxay jasiiradda. Guddiga Caalamiga ah ee Laanqeyrta Cas ayaa bilaabay in ay duulimaadyo gargaar ah ka wadaan Equatorial Guinea, laakiin Macías ayaa si deg deg ah u xiray duulimaadyadii, isaga oo diiday in ay u duuliyaan shidaalka naaftada ee baabuurtooda ama taangiyada Ogsajiinta ee hawlaha caafimaadka. Gooni-goosadka Biafra waxay gaajo u gaajoonayeen inay is dhiibaan iyaga oo aan taageero caalami ah helin. Ka dib markii uu Xeer Ilaaliyaha Guud ka cawday " xad-dhaaf ah iyo si xun ula dhaqanka" saraakiisha dawladda, Macías wuxuu lahaa 150 eedaysanayaal afgambi oo lagu toogtay habeenkii Christmas Eve 1969, kuwaas oo dhammaantood ahaa mucaarad siyaasadeed. Macias Nguema waxa uu sii xoojiyay awoodihiisa wadarta ah isaga oo mamnuucay xisbiyo siyaasadeed oo mucaarad ah July 1970 isaga oo naftiisa ka dhigay madaxwaynihii nolosha 1972. Waxa uu xidhiidhka u jaray Spain iyo Galbeedka. In kasta oo uu dhaleeceeyay Marxism , oo uu u arkayay " gumaysi cusub ", Equatorial Guinea waxa ay xidhiidh gaar ah la lahayd dawladaha shuuciga ah , gaar ahaan Shiinaha, Cuba, Jarmalka Bari iyo USSR . Macias Nguema waxa uu la saxeexday heshiis ganacsi oo door bideeya iyo heshiiska maraakiibta ee Midowga Soofiyeeti. Soofiyeedka ayaa sidoo kale amaah ku siiyay Equatorial Guinea. Heshiiska maraakiibta ayaa siiyay Soofiyeedka ogolaanshaha mashruuca horumarinta kalluumeysiga ee tijaabada ah iyo sidoo kale saldhigga ciidamada badda ee Luba . Taa baddalkeeda, USSR waxay ahayd inay kalluun siiso Equatorial Guinea. Shiinaha iyo Kuuba waxay sidoo kale siiyeen noocyo kala duwan oo ah dhaqaale, ciidan, iyo kaalmo farsamo Equatorial Guinea, taas oo ka heshay cabbirka saamaynta halkaas. USSR, waxaa jirtay faa'iido ah in laga helo dagaalka Angola laga bilaabo marinka saldhigga Luba iyo markii dambe ee garoonka caalamiga ah ee Malabo . Sannadkii 1974-kii, Golaha Kaniisadaha Adduunka waxay caddeeyeen in dad aad u tiro badan lagu dilay tan iyo 1968-kii xukun argagaxiso oo socda . Rubuc ka mid ah dadka oo dhan ayaa u qaxay dalka dibadiisa, ayay yiraahdeen, halka "xabsiyada ay buux dhaafiyeen, si walbana ay u sameeyeen hal xero oo dadka lagu ciqaabo". Dadka 300,000 ka mid ah, waxaa lagu qiyaasay 80,000 oo la dilay. Marka laga reebo in lagu eedeeyay xasuuq ka dhan ah qowmiyadaha laga tirada badan yahay ee Bubi , Macias Nguema wuxuu amar ku bixiyay dhimashada kumanaan qof oo looga shakisan yahay inay ka soo horjeedaan, la xiray kaniisadaha wuxuuna madax ka ahaa burburka dhaqaalaha iyada oo muwaadiniin xirfad leh iyo ajaanib ay ka carareen dalka. ===Obiang (1979- hadda)=== [[File:Teodoro_Obiang_Nguema_Mbasogo_with_Obamas_2014.jpg|thumb|Obiang iyo madaxweynaha Maraykanka Obama iyo xaasaskooda 2014kii]] Wiil uu adeer u yahay Macías Nguema, Teodoro Obiang ayaa adeerkii ka saaray 3 Agoosto 1979, afgambi dhiig badan ku daatay ; in ka badan laba toddobaad oo dagaal sokeeye ayaa socday ilaa Macías Nguema la qabsaday. Waxa la isku dayay oo la toogtay wax yar ka dib, iyada oo Obiang uu ku guuleystay isaga oo ah dhiig yar, laakiin weli madax-weyne awood leh. Sannadkii 1995-kii, shirkadda Mobil , oo ah shirkad shidaal oo Maraykan ah, ayaa shidaal ka heshay Equatorial Guinea. Intaa ka dib wadanku waxa uu soo maray horumar dhaqaale oo xawli ah, laakiin dakhliga ka soo gala hantida shidaalka ee dalka ma gaadhin dadka, dalkuna waxa uu ku hooseeyaa heerka qaramada midoobay ee horumarka bini’aadanka. 7.9% carruurtu waxay dhintaan ka hor da'da 5 sano jir, in ka badan 50% dadku ma helaan biyo nadiif ah oo ay cabbaan . Obiang ayaa si weyn loogu tuhunsan yahay inuu u isticmaalo hantida saliidda ee dalka si uu naftiisa [ 59 ] iyo saaxiibadiisa ugu taajiro. Sannadkii 2006, Forbes waxay ku qiyaastay hantidiisa gaarka ah $600 milyan. Sannadkii 2011, dawladdu waxay ku dhawaaqday inay qorshaynayso caasimad cusub oo uu dalku yeesho, oo lagu magacaabo Oyala . Magaalada waxaa loo bixiyay Ciudad de la Paz ("Magaalada Nabadda") 2017. Laga bilaabo Febraayo 2016 , Obiang wuxuu ahaa kaligii taliye labaad ee ugu muddada dheer Afrika. Equatorial Guinea waxaa loo doortay xubin aan joogto ahayn oo ka tirsan Golaha Ammaanka ee Qaramada Midoobay 2018-2019. 7-dii Maarso 2021, waxaa jiray qaraxyo rasaas ah oo ka dhacay saldhig ciidan oo u dhow magaalada Bata , oo sababay dhimashada 107. Bishii Nofembar 2022, Obiang ayaa dib loo doortay doorashadii guud ee Equatorial Guinea ee 2022 isagoo helay 99.7% codadka iyada oo lagu eedeeyay musuqmaasuqa mucaaradka. 2024 waxaa la daabacay in calooshood u shaqeystayaal ka socda Kooxda Wagner (oo hadda loo yaqaan "Africa Corps") ay galeen Equatorial Guinea codsi ka yimid Teodoro Obiang . Marka loo eego kuwa ka soo horjeeda, ujeeddada calooshood u shaqeystayaasha waxay ahayd inay gacan ka geystaan ​​xoojinta isku xigxiga mala awaalka ah ee awoodda Obiang ee wiilkiisa " Teodorín ". Maajo 19, 2025 Maxkamadda Caalamiga ah ee Caddaaladda (ICJ) waxay siisay Equatorial Guinea madaxbannaanida Jasiiradda Mbanie , Jasiiradda Cocoteros, iyo Jasiiradda Conga iyadoo ka jawaabaysa sheegashada dhuleed ee deriska la ah Gabon ay samaynaysay tan iyo 1972. ==Dowladda iyo siyaasadda== [[File:Autobahnbau_in_Oyala.JPG|thumb|Dhismaha Jidka Ciudad de la Paz ee 2010. Ciudad de la Paz waxay noqon doontaa caasimadda mustaqbalka ee Equatorial Guinea.]] [[File:Presidential_palace_in_malabo_equatorial_guinea.png|thumb|Madaxtooyada Teodoro Obiang ee Malabo]] Madaxweynaha hadda ee Equatorial Guinea waa Teodoro Obiang. Dastuurkii 1982-kii ee Equatorial Guinea waxa uu siiyay awoodo ballaaran, oo ay ku jiraan magacaabista iyo xil ka qaadista xubnaha golaha wasiirada, sameynta sharciyo digreeto, kala diris Golaha Wakiilada, gorgortanka iyo ansixinta heshiisyada iyo inuu noqdo taliyaha guud ee ciidamada qalabka sida. Dastuurku waxa uu qaranka ku qeexay in ay tahay dawlad midaysan. Sida laga soo xigtay Human Rights Watch , kaligii taliska ee Madaxweyne Obiang wuxuu u adeegsaday kobcinta saliidda si uu u sii taajiro oo uu naftiisa ugu hodmo kharashaadka dadka dalka. Laga soo bilaabo Agoosto 1979, qaar ka mid ah 12 ayaa la dareemay isku dayo afgambi oo aan guulaysan. Sida laga soo xigtay bogga BBC-da ee March 2004, siyaasadda dalka waxaa u badan xiisado kala dhexeeya wiilka Obiang, Teodoro Nguema Obiang Mangue [[File:Equatorial_Guinea_Map.png|thumb|Khariidadda Equatorial Guinea oo ay samaysay CIA- du 1992kii]] Sannadkii 2004-tii, diyaarad siday calooshood-u-shaqaystayaal ayaa lagu qabtay Zimbabwe xilli lagu eedeeyay inay u socdeen inay afgambiyaan Obiang. Warbixin November 2004 lagu magacaabay Mark Thatcher oo ah taageere dhaqaale isku daygii afgambi ee Equatorial Guinea 2004 ee uu abaabulay Simon Mann . Akoonno kala duwan ayaa sidoo kale lagu magacaabay MI6 ee Boqortooyada Ingiriiska , CIA-da Mareykanka , iyo Spain inay yihiin taageerayaasha afgambiga. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, warbixinta Amnesty International ee la sii daayay Juun 2005 ee ku saabsan maxkamadaynta kuwa lagu eedeeyay in ay ku lug lahaayeen ayaa iftiimisay in xeer ilaalintu ku guuldareysatay in ay soo saarto caddayn dhamaystiran oo ah in iskuday afgambi uu dhab ahaantii dhacay. Simon Mann ayaa laga sii daayay xabsiga 3 Noofambar 2009 sababo bini'aadantinimo. Tan iyo 2005, Military Professional Resources Inc. , oo ah shirkad caalami ah oo gaar loo leeyahay oo fadhigeedu yahay Maraykanka , ayaa ka shaqaynaysay Equatorial Guinea si ay u tababarto ciidamada booliska dhaqamada ku haboon ee xuquuqul insaanka. Sannadkii 2006dii, Xoghayaha Arrimaha Dibedda ee Maraykanka Condoleezza Rice ayaa ku ammaantay Obiang inuu yahay "saaxiib wanaagsan" inkastoo si isdaba joog ah loo dhaleeceeyay diiwaankiisa xuquuqul insaanka iyo xorriyadda madaniga ah. Wakaaladda Horumarinta Caalamiga ah ee Maraykanku waxay heshiis is-afgarad ah (MOU) la gashay Obiang bishii Abriil 2006 si loo sameeyo sanduuqa horumarinta bulshada ee dalka, iyada oo fulinaysa mashaariicda dhinacyada caafimaadka, waxbarashada, arrimaha haweenka iyo deegaanka. Sannadkii 2006dii, Obiang waxa uu saxeexay go’aan ka dhan ah jidh-dilka oo mamnuucaya dhammaan noocyada xadgudubyada iyo daawaynta aan habboonayn ee Equatorial Guinea, waxaanu u wakiishay cusboonaysiinta iyo casriyaynta xabsiga Black Beach sannadkii 2007 si loo hubiyo in si bini'aadannimo ah loola dhaqmo maxaabiista Si kastaba ha ahaatee, xadgudubyada xuquuqul insaanka ayaa sii socday. Human Rights Watch iyo Amnesty International oo ka mid ah ururada kale ee aan dowliga ahayn ayaa diiwaangeliyay xadgudubyada xuquuqda aadanaha ee ka dhaca xabsiyada, oo ay ku jiraan jirdil, garaacis, dhimasho aan sabab lahayn iyo xarig sharci darro ah. Obiang ayaa dib loo doortay si uu ugu adeego muddo dheer 2009 doorasho Midowga Afrika oo loo arko "in waafaqsan sharciga doorashada".Obiang wuxuu dib u magacaabay ra'iisul wasaare Ignacio Milam Tang 2010. [[File:Teodoro_Obiang_detail,_1650FRP051.jpg|thumb|Sida laga soo xigtay BBC-da, Madaxweyne Obiang Nguema "waxa ay hay'adaha xuquuqul insaanka ku tilmaameen mid ka mid ah keligii taliyeyaasha ugu naxariista daran Afrika]] Bishii Nofeembar 2011, dastuur cusub ayaa la ansixiyay. Codeynta dastuurka ayaa la qaaday, inkastoo aan qoraalka iyo nuxurka midna loo soo bandhigin dadweynaha ka hor codeynta. Sida uu dhigayo dastuurka cusub, madaxweynuhu wuxuu ku koobnaa ugu badnaan laba xilli oo toddoba sano ah, wuxuuna noqon lahaa madaxa dawladda iyo madaxa dawladda, sidaas darteed meesha ayuu ka saarayaa ra'iisul wasaaraha. Dastuurka cusub ayaa sidoo kale soo bandhigay shaxda madaxweyne ku xigeenka, waxaana uu ku baaqay in la sameeyo golaha guurtida oo ka kooban 70 xubnood oo ka kooban 55 mudane oo ay shacabku soo doorteen, 15 ka kalena uu soo magacaabayo madaxweynaha. Isku shaandheyntan soo socota ee golaha wasiirada ayaa waxaa lagu shaaciyay in labo madaxweyne ku xigeen ay yeelan doonaan taasoo si cad u jebisay dastuurkii hadda dhaqan galay. Bishii Oktoobar 2012, inta lagu guda jiro wareysi lala yeeshay Christiane Amanpour CNN , Obiang ayaa la weydiiyay haddii uu ka tagayo dhamaadka muddada hadda (2009-2016) maadaama dastuurka cusub uu xaddiday tirada shuruudaha laba waxaana dib loo doortay ugu yaraan 4 jeer . Obiang waxa uu ku jawaabay in uu diiday in uu dhinac ka tago sababtoo ah dastuurka cusubi ma ahayn mid dib u laabanaya oo xadka labada wakhti waxa uu noqonayaa mid la dabaqi karo oo kaliya laga bilaabo 2016. Doorashadii dhacday 26kii May 2013 waxay isugu geysay tartankii guurtida, aqalka hoose iyo maayarrada hal xidhmo. Si la mid ah doorashooyinkii hore oo dhan, tan waxaa cambaareeyay mucaaradka, waxaana sidoo kale ku guuleystay Obiang's PDGE. Intii uu socday tartanka doorashada, xisbiga talada haya waxa uu qabtay doorashooyin gudaha ah, kuwaas oo markii dambe meesha laga saaray. Clara Nsegue Eyi iyo Natalia Angue Edjodjomo, isku duwayaasha Movimiento de Protesta Popular (Dhaqdhaqaaqa Mudaaharaadyada Dadka), ayaa la xiray. Waxa la xidhay 13kii May. Waxay ku baaqeen mudaaharaad nabadeed oo ka dhacay fagaaraha Plaza de la Mujer 15ka May. Isku duwaha Enrique Nsolo Nzo ayaa sidoo kale la xiray waxaana loo gudbiyay saldhiga dhexe ee booliska ee Malabo. Nsolo Nzo ayaa la sii daayay galinka dambe ee maalintaas iyadoo aan wax dacwad ah lagu soo oogin. Wax yar ka dib doorashadii, xisbiga mucaaradka ah ee Convergence for Social Democracy (CPDS) ayaa ku dhawaaqay inay u socdaan si nabad ah oo ay uga soo horjeedaan doorashada 26 May ee 25 June. Wasiirka arrimaha gudaha Clemente Engonga ayaa diiday in uu fasaxo mudaaharaadka sababo la xiriira in ay "qallafi karto" dalka iyo CPDS waxay go'aansatay in ay horay u socoto, iyada oo sheeganeysa xuquuq dastuuri ah. Habeenimadii 24-kii Juun, xarunta CPDS ee Malabo waxaa hareereeyey saraakiil bilays ah oo aad u hubaysan si kuwa gudaha ku jira aysan u bixin oo ay si wax ku ool ah u joojiyaan mudaaharaadka. Dhowr xubnood oo hormuud ka ah CPDS ayaa lagu xiray Malabo kuwa kalena Bata ayaa laga reebay inay raacaan dhowr duulimaad oo maxalli ah oo ku socday Malabo. [[File:Владимир Путин с Президентом Экваториальной Гвинеи.jpg|thumb|Obiang oo la jooga Madaxweynaha Ruushka Vladimir Putin Sebtember 26, 2024]] 2016, Obiang waxaa dib loogu doortay todobo sano oo dheeri ah doorasho taas oo, sida uu qabo Freedom House , ay ragaadiyeen rabshado bilays ah, xarig iyo jirdil ka dhan ah kooxaha mucaaradka. Ka dib doorashooyinkii guud ee 2022 , Xisbiga Dimuqraadiga ee Equatorial Guinea ee Madaxweyne Obiang ayaa haysta dhammaan 100-ka kursi ee Rugta Ku Xigeennada iyo dhammaan kuwa ku jira Senetka. Mucaaradku waa mid aan ka jirin dalka oo laga soo abaabulo Isbaanishka inta badan gudaha Isbahaysiga dimuqraadiga ah ee Dimuqraadiyadda Bulshada. Inta badan warbaahinta waxaa gacanta ku haya dowladda; TV-yada gaarka loo leeyahay, kuwa kooxda Asonga, waxaa iska leh qoyska madaxweynaha. Daabacaada 2024, Transparency International waxay ku abaalmarisay Equatorial Guinea wadarta guud ee dhibcaha 13 marka loo eego tusmahooda musuqmaasuqa (CPI). CPI waxay ku qiimeysaa wadamada heerka musuqmaasuqa dadweynaha ee loo arko inay eber aad u musuqmaasuq badan tahay oo 100 aad u nadiif ah. Equatorial Guinea waxa ay gashay kaalinta 173aad marka la isku daro 180 wadan. Freedom House, oo ah urur u ololeeya dimoqraadiyadda iyo NGO-ga xuquuqal insaanka, ayaa ku tilmaamay Obiang inuu yahay mid ka mid ah " kaligii-talisyada ku nool adduunka ugu kleptocratic ", waxayna ka cawdeen dawladda Maraykanka oo soo dhawaysay maamulkiisa oo ay saliid ka iibsatay. Marka loo eego 2023 V-Dem Democracy tusmooyinka , Equatorial Guinea waa dalka 7-aad ee ugu dimuqraadiga yar Afrika ===Ciidamada qalabka sida=== [[File:Antonov_An-72P,_Equatorial_Guinea_-_Air_Force_AN1593110.jpg|thumb|Antonov An-72 P oo ka tirsan ciidamada qalabka sida ee Equatorial Guinea oo kor loo qaaday]] Ciidamada Qalabka Sida ee Equatorial Guinea waxa ay ka kooban yihiin ku dhawaad ​​2,500 oo xubnood oo adeeg ah. Ciidanku waxa uu leeyahay ku dhawaad ​​1,400 oo askari, booliiska 400 oo askari, ciidanka badda 200 oo askari, iyo ciidanka cirka ilaa 120 xubnood. Waxaa sidoo kale jira gendarmerie , laakiin tirada xubnaha lama oga. Marka loo eego Tusaha Nabadda Caalamiga ah ee 2024 , Equatorial Guinea waa dalka 94-aad ee ugu nabadda badan adduunka ==Juqraafiga== Equatorial Guinea waxay ku taal xeebta galbeed ee Afrikada Dhexe . Wadanku wuxuu ka kooban yahay dhul-weynaha, Río Muni , oo xuduud la leh Cameroon oo woqooyi ah iyo Gabon bari iyo koonfur, iyo shan jasiiradood oo yaryar, Bioko , Corisco , Annobón , Elobey Chico (Small Elobey), iyo Elobey Grande (Great Elobey). Biyoko, oo ah goobta caasimadda, Malabo , waxay ku taal qiyaastii 40 kiiloomitir (25 mi) xeebta Cameroon. Jasiiradda Annobón waxay qiyaastii 350 kiiloomitir (220 mi) galbeed-koonfur-galbeed ka xigtaa Cape Lopez ee Gabon. Corisco iyo labada jasiiradood ee Elobey waxay ku yaalliin Corisco Bay, oo ku taal soohdinta Río Muni iyo Gabon. Equatorial Guinea waxay u dhaxaysaa loolka 4°N iyo 2°S , iyo longitudes 5° iyo 12°E . In kasta oo magaceeda, ma jiro qayb ka mid ah dhulka waddanku ku yaal dhulbaraha - waxay ku taal waqooyiga hemisphere, marka laga reebo Gobolka Annobón , oo qiyaastii 155 km (96 mi) koonfur ka xigta dhulbaraha. ===Cimilada=== [[File:Koppen-Geiger_Map_GNQ_present.svg|thumb|Kala soocida cimilada Köppen ee Equatorial Guinea]] Equatorial Guinea waxay leedahay cimilo kuleyl ah oo leh xilliyo qoyan iyo kuwo qalalan. Laga bilaabo Juun ilaa Ogosto, Río Muni waa engegan yahay oo Biyoko qoyan; laga bilaabo Disembar ilaa Febraayo, dib u dhac ayaa dhaca. Inta u dhaxaysa, waxaa jira isbeddel tartiib tartiib ah. Roobka ama ceeryaamo ayaa maalin walba ku dhaca Annobón, halkaas oo maalin aan daruur lahayn aan waligood la diiwaan gelin. Heerkulka Malabo, Bioko, wuxuu u dhexeeyaa 16 °C (61 °F) ilaa 33 °C (91 °F), inkastoo koonfurta Moka Plateau, heerkulka sare ee caadiga ahi uu yahay 21 ° C (70 °F). Río Muni, celceliska heerkulka waa ilaa 27 °C (81 °F). Roobabka sannadlaha ahi waxay ku kala duwan yihiin 1,930 mm (76 in) ee Malabo ilaa 10,920 mm (430 in) ee Ureka , Bioko, laakiin Río Muni xoogaa wuu ka qallalay. ===“Deegaanka noolaha=== [[File:Share_Of_Forest_Area_In_Total_Land_Area,_Top_Countries_(2021).svg|thumb|Saamiga kaynta guud ahaan bedka dhulka, dalalka ugu sarreeya (2021). Equatorial Guinea waxay leedahay boqolkiiba toddobaad ee ugu sarreeya daboolka kaynta adduunka]] Equatorial Guinea waxa ay ka kooban tahay dhawr gobol Gobolka Río Muni wuxuu ku yaalaa gudaha kaymaha xeebta Atlantic Equatorial marka laga reebo balasyada mangroves ee Bartamaha Afrika ee xeebta, gaar ahaan agagaarka webiga Muni . Kaymaha xeebaha ee Cross-Sanaga-Bioko ayaa daboolaya inta badan Biyoko iyo qaybaha ku dhow ee Cameroon iyo Nigeria ee ku yaal dhul weynaha Afrika, iyo Buuraha Kameroon iyo Kaynta Montane ee Ecoregion waxay dabooshaa dhulka sare ee Bioko iyo Buurta Cameroon ee u dhow . São Tomé, Principe, iyo Annobón qoyan ee kaymaha hoose waxay daboolayaan dhammaan Annobón, iyo sidoo kale São Tomé iyo Principe. Wadanku waxa uu lahaa 2018 kaymaha tusmaynta hufnaanta dhuleed celcelis ahaan buundada 7.99/10, isaga oo ku qiimeeyay 30aad aduunka 172 wadan. ===Muqaalo=== [[File:Annobon_Island_Equatorial_Guinea.jpg|thumb|Annobon]] [[File:Islotes_Horacio_1.JPG|thumb|Islote Horacio]] [[File:Dschungel_bei_Oyala.JPG|thumb|Meel u dhow Ciudad de la Paz]] [[File:Nationalpark Monte Alén.jpg|thumb|Beerta Qaranka ee Monte Alén]] [[File:The_Great_Bioko_mountain.jpg|thumb|Pico Basilé]] ===Duurjoogta=== Equatorial Guinea waxaa ku nool daanyeero kala duwan, shabeel, baffalo , antelope , maroodi , hippopotamuses , yaxaaska iyo masaska kala duwan oo ay ku jiraan pythons '''Duurjoogta Equatorial Guinea''' [[File:Dissotis_sp_Bioko201310.jpg|thumb|Dissotis]] [[File:Soja_en_Mongomo.png|thumb|Soybean]] [[File:Rhampholeon_spectrum_63850438.jpg|thumb|Spectral pygmy chameleon]] [[File:Yellow-billed_Turacos_in_Equatorial_Guinea_2006.jpg|thumb|turaco-jaalle]] [[File:Gorilla_019.jpg|thumb|Gorilla galbeed]] ===Qaybaha maamulka=== Equatorial Guinea waxa ay u qaybsantaa sideed gobol . Gobolka ugu cusub waa Djibloho , oo la sameeyay 2017 oo xarunteedu tahay Ciudad de la Paz , caasimadda mustaqbalka ee dalka. Sideeda gobol waa sidan soo socota (lambaradu waxay u dhigmaan kuwa khariidada ku yaal; magaalo madax-goboleedyadu waxay ka muuqdaan jaantus): Annobón ( San Antonio de Palé ) Biyoko Norte ( Malabo ) Biyoko Sur ( Luba ) Centro Sur ( Eviyong ) Djibloho ( Ciudad de la Paz ) Kié-Ntem ( Ebebiyín ) Litoral ( Bata ) Wele-Nzas ( Mongomo ) Goboladu waxay u sii kala qaybsan yihiin 19 degmo iyo 37 degmo . ==Dhaqaalaha== Ka hor inta aan qaranku xornimada ka qaadan Isbayn, Equatorial Guinea waxa ay u dhoofisay kookaha , qaxwada iyo alwaaxa, inta badan waxa ay u dhoofin jirtay gumaystaha Spain, laakiin sidoo kale waxa ay u dhoofisay Jarmalka iyo UK. 1 Janaayo 1985, waddanku wuxuu noqday xubinta ugu horreysa ee Afrikaanka ah ee aan ku hadlin Faransiiska ee aagga Faransiiska , isagoo qaatay CFA franc lacagtiisa. Lacagta qaranka, ekwetale , ayaa hore loogu xidhay peseta Isbaanishka [[File:Gepetrol_HQ_Malabo_2013.jpg|thumb|Tower Gepetrol ee Malabo, 2013]] Helitaanka kayd weyn oo saliid ah 1996 iyo ka faa'iidaysigeeda ka dib waxay gacan ka geysatay korodhka dakhliga dawladda. Laga bilaabo 2004 , Equatorial Guinea waa dalka saddexaad ee ugu soo saarka badan saliidda ee ka hooseeya saxaraha Afrika . Wax-soo-saarkeeda saliidda ayaa kor u kacay ilaa 360,000 foosto maalintii (57,000 m 3 /d), marka loo eego 220,000 oo keliya laba sano ka hor. Shirkadaha shidaalka ee Equatorial Guinea waxaa ka mid ah ExxonMobil , Marathon Oil , Kosmos Energy iyo Chevron . Bishii Luulyo 2004, Senate-ka Mareykanka ayaa daabacay baaritaan lagu sameeyay Bankiga Riggs , oo ah bangi fadhigiisu yahay Washington kaas oo inta badan dakhliga saliidda Equatorial Guinea la bixiyo ilaa dhowaan, oo sidoo kale u banki u ahaa Chile 's Augusto Pinochet . Warbixinta Senetka ayaa muujisay ugu yaraan 35 milyan oo doolar oo ay ka baxeen Obiang, qoyskiisa iyo saraakiisha sarsare ee nidaamka. Madaxweynaha ayaa diiday inuu wax khalad ah sameeyay. Riggs Bank bishii Febraayo 2005 waxa uu bixiyay $9 milyan oo dib u celinta bangiga Pinochet, wax soo celin ah looma samaynin dhinaca Equatorial Guinea. Dhirta, beerashada, iyo kalluumeysiga ayaa sidoo kale ah qaybaha ugu muhiimsan ee wax soo saarka guud ee dalka (GDP). Beerashada maciishada ayaa u badan. Beeruhu waa isha ugu weyn ee shaqo ee dalka, iyadoo dakhliga soo gala 57% qoysaska miyiga ah iyo shaqo abuurka 52% shaqaalaha.Laga soo bilaabo 2000 ilaa 2010, Equatorial Guinea waxay lahayd celceliska celceliska sanadlaha korodhka GDP, 17%. Equatorial Guinea waa xubin ka tirsan Ururka Iswaafajinta Sharciga Ganacsiga Afrika (OHADA). Equatorial Guinea sidoo kale waa xubin ka tirsan Ururka Lacagta iyo Dhaqaalaha Afrikada Dhexe (CEMAC), oo ah qayb hoosaad ka kooban in ka badan 50 milyan oo qof. Equatorial Guinea waxay isku dayday in loo ansixiyo sidii Waddan u hoggaansamaya Hufnaanta Warshadaha Warshadaha (EITI). Dalku wuxuu helay darajada musharax 22kii Febraayo 2008; markii Equatorial Guinea ay codsatay in lagu kordhiyo wakhtiga lagu dhamaystirayo ansixinta EITI, gudida EITI ma ogola in la kordhiyo. Sida laga soo xigtay Bangiga Adduunka , Equatorial Guinea ayaa leh dakhliga ugu sarreeya ee wadarta guud (GNI) ee waddan kasta oo Afrikaan ah, 83 jeer ayaa ka weyn GNI qofkiiba Burundi , oo ah waddanka ugu saboolsan. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Equatorial Guinea waxa ay haysataa faqri ba'an oo ay keentay sinnaan la'aanta hantida . Marka loo eego Warbixinta Horumarinta Aadanaha ee Qaramada Midoobay ee 2016, Equatorial Guinea waxay lahayd GDP qofkiiba $21,517, mid ka mid ah heerarka ugu sarreeya ee hantida Afrika. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waa mid ka mid ah dalalka ugu sinnaanta badan adduunka marka loo eego Gini index , iyada oo boqolkiiba 70 dadku ku nool yihiin hal dollar maalintii. Wadanku wuxuu ku jiraa 145th ee 189 ee Tusaha Horumarinta Aadanaha ee Qaramada Midoobay ee 2019. Hydrocarbons waxay ka yihiin 97% dhoofinta gobolka, waana xubin ka tirsan Ururka Soosaarayaasha Shidaalka Afrika . Sannadka 2020, waxa uu wajahayaa sannadkii siddeedaad ee hoos u dhaca dhaqaalaha, taas oo ay ugu wacan tahay musuqmaasuqa baahsan . Dhaqaalaha Equatorial Guinea ayaa la filayey inuu kordho 2.6% sanadka 2021, saadaashaas oo ku salaysnayd in si guul leh loo dhammeeyo mashruuc gaas weyn ah iyo soo kabashada dhaqaalaha aduunka qaybta labaad ee sanadka. Laakiin dalka ayaa la filayaa inuu dib ugu soo laabto hoos u dhaca sanadka 2022, iyadoo hoos u dhaca GDP dhabta ah ee ku saabsan 4.4%. Sannadkii 2022, isugaynta Gini ee dalka waxa ay ahayd 58.8. == Gaadiidka == [[File:Aerial_view_of_Malabo_Airport.jpeg|thumb|Madaarka Caalamiga ah ee Malabo ( Aeropuerto de Malabo ee Isbaanishka), ee Punta Europa , jasiiradda Bioko]] [[File:Malabo_a_13-oct-01.jpg|thumb| Dekedda Malabo]] Wershadaha batroolka ee ballaaran ee dalka ka jira awgeed, shirkado caalami ah oo la aqoonsan yahay ayaa u duulay garoonka caalamiga ah ee Malabo , kaasoo, bishii May 2014, uu xiriir toos ah la lahaa Yurub iyo Galbeedka Afrika . Waxaa jira saddex garoon diyaaradeed oo ku yaal Equatorial Guinea- Gegada Diyaaradaha Caalamiga ah ee Malabo , Gegida Diyaaradaha ee Bata iyo Gegida Diyaaradaha ee Annobón ee jasiiradda Annobón . Gegida caalamiga ah ee Malabo waa garoonka kaliya ee caalamiga ah. Diyaarad kasta oo ka diiwaan gashan Equatorial Guinea waxay ka soo muuqanaysaa liiska diyaaradaha xambaara ee laga mamnuucay Midowga Yurub (EU), taasoo ka dhigan in laga mamnuucay inay ka shaqeyso adeegyada nooc kasta oo ay tahay gudaha Midowga Yurub. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, xamuulka qaada waxay bixiyaan adeega magaalooyinka Yurub ilaa caasimada. ==Tirakoobka dadweynaha== [[File:Equatorial_Guinea_population.svg|thumb|Jadwalka wakhtiga ee dadka Equatoguinean inta u dhaxaysa 1960 iyo 2017. Dadka ku nool kumanaan qof.]] '''Dadka ku nool Equatorial Guinea''' Sannadka 1950kii 2000 0.6 2020 1.4 Inta badan dadka Equatorial Guinea waxay asal ahaan ka soo jeedaan Bantu . Kooxda qowmiyadda ugu weyn, Fang , ayaa asal ahaan ka soo jeeda dhul weynaha, laakiin u haajiridda la taaban karo ee Jasiiradda Biyoko tan iyo qarnigii 20aad waxay ka dhigan tahay in dadka Fang ay ka badan yihiin kuwii hore ee Bubi degganaa. Fang wuxuu ka kooban yahay 80% dadweynaha wuxuuna ka kooban yahay ilaa 67 qabiil. Kuwa ku nool qaybta waqooyi ee Río Muni waxay ku hadlaan Fang-Ntumu, halka kuwa koonfurta ay ku hadlaan Fang-Okah; labada lahjadood way ku kala duwan yihiin laakiin waa kuwo la isku fahmi karo. Lahjadaha Fang ayaa sidoo kale looga hadlaa qaybo ka mid ah Cameroon (Bulu) iyo Gabon ee deriska la ah. Lahjadahani, in kasta oo weli la fahmi karo, ayaa aad u kala duwan. Bubi, oo ka kooban 15% dadweynaha, waxay asal ahaan ka soo jeedaan Jasiiradda Biyoko. Khadka soo jireenka ah ee u dhexeeya kooxaha qowmiyadaha Fang iyo 'Beach' (gudaha) waxay ahayd tuulada Niefang (xadka Fang), bariga Bata. Kooxaha qowmiyadaha xeebaha, mararka qaarkood loo yaqaan Ndowe ama "Playeros" ( Dadka Xeebta ee Isbaanishka): Combes , Bujebas , Balengues , iyo Bengas oo ku yaal dhul weynaha iyo jasiiradaha yaryar, iyo Fernandinos , oo ah beesha Krio ee ku taal Jasiiradda Bioko waxay ka kooban yihiin 5% dadweynaha. Reer Yurub (badanaa ka soo jeeda Isbaanishka ama Bortuqiisku , qaar ka mid ah abtirsiinyada Afrikaanka ah) ayaa sidoo kale ku nool dalka, laakiin inta badan qowmiyadaha Isbaanishka ayaa ka tagay xorriyadda ka dib. [[File:Bubi children from Equatorial Guinea.jpg|thumb|Carruurta Equatorial Guinea ee ku abtirsada Bubi]] Tiro sii kordheysa oo ajaanib ah oo ka kala yimid dalalka deriska la ah Cameroon , Nigeria, iyo Gabon ayaa u soo haajiray dalka. Marka loo eego Encyclopedia of the Stateless Nations (2002) 7% jasiiradaha Bioko waxay ahaayeen Igbo . Equatorial Guinea waxay heshay Aasiyaan iyo Afrikaan asal ah oo ka yimid waddamo kale si ay uga shaqeeyaan beeraha kookaha iyo kafeega. Afrikaan kale oo madow waxay ka yimaadeen Liberia , Angola, iyo Mozambique . Inta badan dadka Asia waa Shiinaha , oo ay ku nool yihiin tiro yar oo Hindi ah ===Luuqadaha=== [[File:Malabo_(16511251451).jpg|thumb|Qoraal ubaxeed oo leh magaca dalka oo ku qoran Isbaanishka Malabo]] Tan iyo markii ay xornimada qaadatay 1968, luqadda rasmiga ah ee Equatorial Guinea waxay ahayd Isbaanishka (kala duwanaanshaha maxalliga ah waa Equatoguinean Isbaanishka ), kaas oo u dhaqma sida luqadda franca ee kooxaha qowmiyadaha kala duwan. Sannadkii 1970kii, intii lagu jiray xukunkii Macías, Isbaanish waxa beddelay Fang , oo ah luqadda kooxda qowmiyadeeda ugu badan , oo uu Macías ka tirsan yahay. Go'aankaas waxaa dib loo celiyay 1979 ka dib dhicitaankii Macías. Isbaanishku wuxuu ahaan jiray luqadda rasmiga ah ee kali ah ilaa 1998, markii Faransiiska lagu daray kii labaad, maadaama ay hore ugu biirtay Bulshada Dhaqaalaha iyo Lacagta ee Bartamaha Afrika (CEMAC), kuwaas oo xubnahooda aasaasay ay yihiin quruumo ku hadla Faransiiska, laba ka mid ah (Cameroon iyo Gabon) oo ku wareegsan gobolkeeda qaaradaha. Boortaqiis waxaa loo qaatay luqadeeda rasmiga ah ee saddexaad ee 2010. Isbaanishku waa luqad rasmi ah tan iyo 1844. Wali waa luqadda waxbarashada iyo maamulka. 67.6% dadka Equatorial Guinea ayaa ku hadli kara, gaar ahaan kuwa ku nool caasimadda Malabo . Faransiiska waxa kaliya oo rasmi ah loo sameeyay si uu ugu biiro Francophonie , lagumana hadlo gudaha, marka laga reebo magaalooyinka xuduudka qaarkood; iyo Bortuqiisku waxa kaliya oo si rasmi ah loo dhigay si ay ugu biiraan Bulshada Wadamada Luuqada Boortaqiiska , sidaa awgeed sidoo kale laguma hadlo gudaha, inkasta oo Annobonese iyo Catholics maxaliga ahi ay xidhiidh la leeyihiin luqadda. Luqadaha Aborijiniska waxaa loo aqoonsan yahay inay yihiin qaybo ka mid ah "dhaqanka qaranka" (Sharciga Dastuuriga ah No. 1/1998, 21 January). Luqadaha asaliga ah (qaar ka mid ah creoles ) waxaa ka mid ah Fang , Bube , Benga , Ndowe , Balengue , Bujeba , Bissio, Gumu, Igbo , Pichinglis , Fa d'Ambô iyo Baseke oo ku dhow dabar go'an . Inta badan qawmiyadaha Afrika waxay ku hadlaan luqadaha Bantu [[File:Lenguas_de_Guinea_Ecuatorial.png|thumb|Afafka Afrika ee Equatorial Guinea iyo deegaankeeda]] Fa d'Ambô , oo ah Bortuqiisku, waxaa laga isticmaalaa Gobolka Annobón , Malabo, iyo dhul weynaha Equatorial Guinea. Dad badan oo deegaanka Bioko ah ayaa sidoo kale ku hadli kara Isbaanishka, gaar ahaan caasimadda, iyo luqadda ganacsiga maxalliga ah, Pichinglis , oo ah Ingiriis ku salaysan criole. Isbaanish in badan loogama hadlo Annobón. Dawlada iyo waxbarashada, Isbaanish ayaa loo isticmaalaa. Boortaqiis aan la dhisin waxa u adeegsada luuqad liturgical ah oo ay isticmaalaan Catholics maxalliga ah. Beesha qowmiyadeed ee Annobonese waxay isku dayday inay xubin ka noqoto Bulshada Waddamada Luuqadaha Boortaqiiska (CPLP). Dawladdu waxay maalgelisay Instituto Internacional da Língua Portuguesa (IILP) daraasad bulsho oo ku taal Annobón. Waxay diiwaangelisay xidhiidh xooggan oo lala yeesho dadyowgii reer Bortuqiisku ee ku nool São Tomé iyo Príncipe, Cape Verde iyo Guinea-Bissau. Xidhiidhka taariikhiga ah iyo dhaqanka awgeed, sannadkii 2010, sharci-dejintu waxay wax ka beddeleen qodobka 4 ee dastuurka Equatorial Guinea si ay u dhisaan Bortuqiisku luqadda rasmiga ah ee Jamhuuriyadda. Tani waxay ahayd dadaal ay dowladdu ku horumarinayso isgaarsiinteeda, ganacsigeeda, iyo xiriirkeeda laba geesoodka ah ee ay la leedahay waddamada ku hadla afka Boortaqiiska. Waxa kale oo ay aqoonsan tahay xidhiidhka dheer ee taariikhiga ah ee Portugal iyo dadka ku hadla Portuguese-ka ee Brazil, São Tomé iyo Principe, iyo Cape Verde. Qaar ka mid ah dhiirigelinta Equatorial Guinea ee raadinta xubinnimada Bulshada Waddamada Luuqadaha Boortaqiiska (CPLP) waxaa ka mid ah helitaanka dhowr barnaamijyo xirfadeed iyo isweydaarsi tacliimeed iyo fududaynta wareegga xuduudaha ee muwaadiniinta. Qaadashada Boortaqiisku sida luqadda rasmiga ah waxay ahayd shuruudaha aasaasiga ah ee lagu codsanayo aqbalaadda CPLP. Intaa waxaa dheer, dalka ayaa loo sheegay in ay tahay in ay qaataan dib-u-habeyn siyaasadeed oo ogolaanaya dimoqraadiyad wax ku ool ah iyo ixtiraamka xuquuqda aadanaha. Baarlamaanka qaranka ayaa ka dooday sharcigan Oktoobar 2011. Bishii Febraayo 2012, wasiirka arrimaha dibadda ee Equatorial Guinea ayaa heshiis la saxiixday IILP oo ku saabsan horumarinta Bortuqiisku ee dalka. Bishii Luulyo 2012, CPLP waxay diiday Equatorial Guinea xubin buuxda, ugu horrayn sababta oo ah waxay sii socotaa xad-gudubyada halista ah ee xuquuqda aadanaha. Dawladdu waxay kaga jawaabtay sharciyaynta axsaabta siyaasadda, waxayna ku dhawaaqday joojinta ciqaabta dilka, waxayna bilawday wadahadal ay la yeelato dhammaan qaybaha siyaasadda. Intaa waxaa dheer, IILP waxay ka hubisay dhulka dawladda dhismaha xarumaha dhaqanka luqadda Boortaqiiska ee Bata iyo Malabo. Shirweynihii tobnaad ee Dili bishii Luulyo 2014, Equatorial Guinea waxaa loo aqbalay xubin CPLP ah. Baabi'inta ciqaabta dilka iyo horumarinta Boortaqiiska sida luqadda rasmiga ah waxay ahaayeen shuruudo oggolaansho ah ===Diinta=== [[File:Santa_Isabel_Malabo_20131224_140204.jpg|thumb|Santa Isabel Cathedral ee Malabo]] Diinta ugu weyn ee Equatorial Guinea waa diinta kiristaanka , caqiidada 93% ee dadweynaha. Roman Catholics ayaa ah aqlabiyadda (88%), halka kuwa laga tirada badan yahay ay yihiin Protestant (5%). Dadka, 2% waxay raacaan Islaamka (badanaa Sunni ). Inta soo hartay ee 5% waxay ku dhaqmaan Aniism , Baháʼí , iyo caqiidooyinka kale, iyo caqiidooyinka dhaqan-dhaqameedka ayaa inta badan lagu dhex daraa Catholicism. ===Caafimaadka=== Barnaamijyada duumada ee Equatorial Guinea horraantii qarnigii 21aad waxay ku guulaysteen dhimista caabuqa duumada iyo dhimashada . Barnaamijkoodu wuxuu ka kooban yahay laba jeer sannadkiiba buufin hadhaaga gudaha ah (IRS), soo bandhigida daaweynta isku-dhafka ah ee artemisinin (ACTs), isticmaalka daawaynta ka-hortagga ah ee haweenka uurka leh (IPTp), iyo soo bandhigida maro-kaneecada-la daweeyay muddo dheer (LLINs). Dadaalkoodu waxa uu keenay in la dhimo dhammaan sababaha dhimashada shanta sano ka yar 152 ilaa 55 dhimasho 1,000kii dhallaanka nool (hoos u dhacay 64%), hoos u dhac ku soo beegmay bilawga barnaamijka. Bishii Juun 2014, afar xaaladood oo dabaysha ah ayaa la soo sheegay, taasoo ka dhigaysa waddankii ugu horreeyay ee cudurkaas ka dillaaca. ===Waxbarashada=== [[File:Ministerio_de_Educaci%C3%B3n,_Ciencia_y_Deportes_(Malabo)_(6510104101).jpg|thumb|Wasaaradda Waxbarashada, Sayniska iyo Ciyaaraha ( Ministerio de Educación, Ciencia y Deportes ee Isbaanishka)]] Wadamada ka hooseeya Saxaraha Afrika, Equatorial Guinea waxay leedahay mid ka mid ah heerarka ugu sarreeya ee wax-akhris. Sida laga soo xigtay Buugga Xaqiiqada Adduunka ee Hay'adda Sirdoonka Dhexe, laga bilaabo 2015 , 95.3% dadka da'doodu tahay 15 iyo wixii ka weyn waxay awoodeen inay wax ku akhriyaan waxna ku qoraan dalka. [ 154 ] Intii uu joogay Francisco Macias , carruur yar ayaa helay nooc kasta oo waxbarasho ah. Xilligii Madaxweyne Obiang, heerka aqoon-la'aanta ayaa hoos uga dhacay 73% ilaa 13%, tirada ardayda dugsiyada hoose waxay kor uga kacday 65,000 1986 ilaa in ka badan 100,000 1994. Waxbarashadu waa lacag la'aan waana qasab carruurta da'doodu u dhaxayso 6 iyo 14. Dawladda Equatorial Guinea waxay la kaashatay shirkadda Hess Corporation iyo Akadeemiyada Horumarinta Waxbarashada (AED) si loo sameeyo barnaamij waxbarasho oo dhan $20 milyan oo loogu talagalay macallimiinta dugsiyada hoose si ay u baraan farsamooyinka horumarinta carruurta ee casriga ah. Hadda waxa jira 51 dugsiyo moodeel ah oo barbaarintooda firfircooni ay noqon doonto dib-u-habayn heer qaran ah. Wadanku wuxuu leeyahay hal jaamacad, Universidad Nacional de Guinea Ecuatorial (UNGE), oo xarun ku leh Malabo iyo Kuliyadda Caafimaadka oo ku taal Bata ee dhul weynaha. Sannadkii 2009-kii waxay jaamacaddu soo saartay 110-kii dhakhtar ee ugu horreeyay ee heer qaran ah. Dugsiga caafimaadka ee Bata waxaa taageera dawlada Cuba oo ay ka shaqeeyaan barayaasha caafimaadka Cuba iyo dhakhaatiirta ==Dhaqanka== [[File:Centro_Cultural_de_Espa%C3%B1a_en_Malabo.jpg|thumb|Centro Cultural de España (Xarunta Dhaqanka ee Spain) ee Malabo]] Bishii Juun 1984, Shirweynihii Dhaqanka ee Isbaanishka-Afrika ee ugu horreeyay ayaa la qabtay si loo sahamiyo aqoonsiga dhaqameed ee Equatorial Guinea. ===Dalxiiska=== [[File:Sipopo_(16517963802).jpg|thumb|Hotel ku yaal Sipopo]] Laga bilaabo 2020 , Equatorial Guinea ma laha Xarunta Dhaxalka Adduunka ee UNESCO ama goobo ku habboon Liiska Dhaxalka Adduunka. Wadanku sidoo kale malaha wax dhaxal ah oo dukumeenti ah oo ku qoran Xusuusta Barnaamijka Adduunka ee UNESCO ama wax hidde dhaqameed ah oo aan la taaban karin oo ku qoran Liiska Dhaxalka Dhaqanka ee aan la taaban karin ee UNESCO . Soo jiidashada dalxiisku waa rubuci gumeysiga ee Malabo, qaybta koonfureed ee Bioko halkaas oo tamashleyaashu ay booqan karaan qulqulka Iladyi iyo xeebaha fog ee leh qoolleyda buul, Bata oo leh xeebteeda Paseo Maritimo iyo munaaradda xorriyadda, Mongomo oo leh basilica (kaniisadda labaad ee Catholic ee ugu weyn Afrika) iyo caasimadda cusub ee la qorsheeyay oo la dhisay Ciudad de la Paz . ===Warbaahinta iyo isgaarsiinta=== [[File:UNED-GQ_IMG_6269_(6510136445).jpg|thumb|Daabacaadda majaladda telefishanka Malabeando ee Xarunta Dhaqanka ee Spain ee Malabo]] Habka ugu muhiimsan ee isgaarsiinta Equatorial Guinea waa seddex idaacadood oo FM ah oo ay dowladdu maamusho : BBC World Service , Radio France Internationale iyo Gabon oo xarunteedu tahay Africa No 1 laga sii daayo FM ee Malabo. Waxa kale oo jira raadiye madax bannaan oo la yidhaahdo Radio Macuto; waa idaacad ku salaysan mareegaha iyo isha wararka oo caan ku ah daabacaadda wararka ka soo yeedha nidaamka Obiang. Waxa kale oo jira shan idaacadood oo mawjadaha gaaban . Televisión de Guinea Ecuatorial , shabakada telefishinka, waa mid ay dawladu maamusho. Barnaamijka TV-ga caalamiga ah ee RTVGE waxa laga heli karaa satalaytka Afrika, Yurub, iyo Ameerika iyo adduunka oo dhan iyada oo la adeegsanayo internetka. Waxaa jira laba wargeys iyo laba joornaal. Equatorial Guinea ayaa kaalinta 161-aad ka gashay 179-ka waddan ee 2012-ka ee tusmada xorriyadda saxaafadda ee suxufiyiinta aan xuduudda lahayn . Ilaalada ayaa sheegtay in warbaahinta qaranka ay u hogaansanto awaamiirta wasaaradda warfaafinta. Inta badan shirkadaha warbaahintu waxay ku dhaqmaan is- faafreeb , waxaana sharciga ka mamnuucaya inay dhaleeceeyaan dadka caanka ah. Warbaahinta ay dowladdu leedahay iyo idaacada gaarka loo leeyahay ee ugu weyn waxaa hoos yimaada agaasimaha wiilka madaxweynaha, Teodor Obiang . Soo gelida teleefanada dhulka waa yar yahay, iyadoo 100kii qofba laba khad oo keliya la heli karo. Waxa jira hal qof oo GSM-ka ah oo ka shaqeeya taleefoonka gacanta, kaasoo daboolaya Malabo , Bata , iyo magaalooyin badan oo dhul-weynaha ah. Laga bilaabo 2009 , ku dhawaad ​​40% dadku waxay iska diiwaan galiyeen adeegyada teleefoonka gacanta. Bixiyaha taleefanka kaliya ee Equatorial Guinea waa Orange . Sida laga soo xigtay Bangiga Adduunka, waxaa jiray in ka badan hal milyan oo isticmaalayaasha internetka ah 2022. ===Muusiga=== Hababka Pan-Afrika sida soukous iyo makossa waa caan, sida reggaeton , dabinka Latin , reggae iyo rock and roll ===Shineemo=== Sannadkii 2014-kii, filimka South African-Dutch-Equatorial Guinea ee riwaayadda halka waddadu ka baxdo ayaa lagu toogtay dalka. Waxa kale oo jira Documentary-ga Qoraaga ah ee ka soo jeeda waddan aan lahayn dukaamada buugaagta . Waxay si cad u naqdaysaa nidaamka Obiang ===Ciyaaraha=== Equatorial Guinea ayaa loo doortay inay si wadajir ah u martigeliso Koobka Qaramada Afrika 2012 iyadoo la kaashanaysa Gabon , waxayna martigelisay daabacaadda 2015 . Dalka ayaa sidoo kale loo doortay inuu martigeliyo Koobka Kubadda Cagta Haweenka Afrika ee 2008 , kaasoo ay ku guuleysteen. Xulka qaranka haweenka ayaa u soo baxay koobkii aduunka ee 2011 ee ka dhacay dalka Jarmalka. Bishii Juun 2016, Equatorial Guinea ayaa loo doortay inay martigeliso Koobka Kubadda Cagta Haweenka Afrika ee 2008 , kaasoo ay ku guuleysteen. Xulka qaranka haweenka ayaa u soo baxay koobkii aduunka ee 2011 ee ka dhacay dalka Jarmalka. Bishii Juun 2016, Equatorial Guinea ayaa loo doortay inay Guinea ayaa loo doortay inay martigeliso ciyaaraha 12-aad ee Afrika 2019. Equatorial Guinea waxay caan ku tahay dabaasha Eric Moussambani ,oo lagu naaneeso "Eric the Eel" iyo Paula Barila Bolopa , "Paula the Crawler", oo ka qayb galay ciyaaraha Olombikada xagaaga ee 2000[[File:Estadio_de_Bata_(15896733814).jpg|thumb|Estadio de Bata ee Bata]] ==Tixraac== [https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2025/april "Database-ka Muuqaalka Dhaqaalaha Adduunka, Abriil 2025"] [https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SH.DYN.MORT?most_recent_value_desc=true "Heerka dhimashada, ka yar 5 (1,000kii dhallaanka nool) | Xog"] [https://books.google.com/books?id=YqeTEAAAQBAJ Isbarbardhigga Nidaamyada Siyaasadeed: Hordhac Mawduuc ah oo ku Saabsan Siyaasadda Isbarbardhigga,] [https://books.google.com/books?id=YqeTEAAAQBAJ Qormada] [https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20110131191445/http://www.freedomhouse.org/uploads/special_report/88.pdf Kuwa ugu Xun 2010. Bulshooyinka ugu Cadaadiska badan Adduunka] [http://www.opensourceguinea.org/2013/03/enrique-martino-clandestine-recruitment.html "Shabakadaha Qorista Qarsoon ee Biafra: Jawaabta Fernando Pó ee Su'aasha Shaqaalaha, 1926-1945"] [https://web.archive.org/web/20071229043459/http://news.independent.co.uk/world/africa/article2530772.ece "Qofkii afgambiga sameeyay ayaa nolosha ku wajahaya xabsiga ugu caansan Afrika"] [https://apnews.com/international-news-general-news-f44f66bb37c44cd7811f8230532b0bec "Equatorial Guinea ayaa ku guulaysatay kursiga Golaha Ammaanka ee Qaramada Midoobay in kasta oo kooxaha xuquuqda ay walaac ka muujiyeen"] [https://www.rfi.fr/fr/en-bref/20250519-%C3%AElots-disput%C3%A9s-la-cour-internationale-de-justice-donne-raison-%C3%A0-la-guin%C3%A9e-%C3%A9quatoriale-face-au-gabon https://www.rfi.fr/fr/en-bref/20250519-%C3%AElots-disput%C3%A9s-la-cour-internationale-de-justice-donne-raison-%C3%A0-la-guin%C3%A9e-%Criaaubon-faceto] [https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2013/05/equatorial-guinea-targets-opposition-ahead-elections/ "Equatorial Guinea waxay beegsanaysaa mucaaradka ka hor doorashada"] [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7723057 "Beddelka anthropogenic ee kaymaha macneheedu waa 40% kaliya ee kaymaha soo hadhay waxay leeyihiin hufnaan deegaaneed sare - Qalabka Dheeriga ah"] [https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/chevron-equatorial-guinea-sign-production-sharing-agreement-offshore-oil-block-2021-12-09/ "Chevron, Equatorial Guinea waxay saxiixday heshiis wax-soo-saar wadaag ah oo ku saabsan xannibaadda badda"] [https://population.un.org/wpp/Download/Files/1_Indicators%20(Standard)/EXCEL_FILES/1_General/WPP2022_GEN_F01_DEMOGRAPHIC_INDICATORS_COMPACT_REV1.xlsx "Rajada Dadweynaha Adduunka 2022: Tusiyeyaasha tirakoobka ee gobol, degaan iyo waddan, sannad kasta 1950-2100"] {{Wayback|url=https://population.un.org/wpp/Download/Files/1_Indicators%20(Standard)/EXCEL_FILES/1_General/WPP2022_GEN_F01_DEMOGRAPHIC_INDICATORS_COMPACT_REV1.xlsx |date=20230306213755 }} [http://www.guineaecuatorialpress.com/noticia.php?id=134&lang=en Oficina de Información y Prensa de Guinea Ecuatorial, Ministerio de Información, Cultura y Turismo] [http://www.guineaecuatorialpress.com/noticia.php?id=703 "Bortigu waxay noqon doontaa luqadda saddexaad ee rasmiga ah ee Jamhuuriyadda Equatorial Guinea"] [https://www.ajtmh.org/cgi/content/abstract/80/6/882?ijkey=42e57e2ed496ad1cc91ad3c34a8636edd294d458&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha Kor u kaca badbaadada carruurta ka dib afar sano oo Xakamaynta Duumada degdega ah] {{Wayback|url=https://www.ajtmh.org/cgi/content/abstract/80/6/882?ijkey=42e57e2ed496ad1cc91ad3c34a8636edd294d458&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha |date=20110510015151 }} [https://archive.today/20050420123724/http://www.times-olympics.co.uk/archive/swimmings19o.html "London 2012 Olympics: sida Eric 'the Eel' Moussambani uu u dhiirigeliyay jiilka barkada dabaasha ee Ciyaaraha Sydney"] [https://web.archive.org/web/20140710234957/http://www.brazilnews.net/index.php/sid/223187509/scat/24437442923341f1/ht/Detection-of-poliovirus-in-Sao-Paulo-airport-sewage-WHO "Ogaanshaha cudurka dabaysha ee wasakhda madaarka São Paulo: WHO"] l9ef5fyzeaax41kku7f3tpfmefxblz1 0 4827 297125 297046 2026-05-11T02:54:33Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 297125 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Dalalka |native_name = Jaamcada(Wddmd)Carabta<Br/>'':.جامعة الدول العربية'' |conventional_long_name = Arabic Language States’</>.: |common_name = Arabic Language States:. Midowga Ummadda Carabta: |qaaradda = [[Afrika]],[[Aasiya]] &[[]] |sawir_calan = Flag of the League of Arab States.svg |sawir_qaran = Emblem of the Arab League.svg |image_map = |astaan_calan = Arab League States'" (orthographic projection).svg |image_map = League of Arab States.png File:Map of League of Arab States countries.png |caasimadda = [[Qaahiro]]: [[Baqdaad]]: &[[Dooxa]]:.:!!`?'!!’ |luuqadaha = [[Carabi|Af-Carabi]].:([[Af-Kurdish]]).:[[Af-Ingiriis]]; &[[Turki]]; & [[Af-Urdu]]; & [[Af-Faarisi]].::• |- |caasimada = [[Qaahiro]]:; [[Madiina]]: [[Baqdaad]]: & [[Dooxa]].:•!! |- |GDP_PPP= $35.177’ Trillions’ (€29,357’ trillions) * ([[List of countries by GDP (PPP)|4th]]) |GDP_PPP_year = (2025* Est.) |GDP_PPP_per_capita = $29,947.00’ |GDP_nominal = "$23.957"-$19.453’ Trillions’ |GDP_nominal_year = 2025 |GDP_nominal_per_capita = $24,459.00.!!’ |Gini_year = |Gini_change = <!--increase/decrease/steady--> |Gini = <!--number only--> |Gini_ref = |Dawladda = [[Dalalka jaamcada carabta]] |- |darajo_hogaamiye1 = [[Madaxweynaha]]:([[Sacuudi Carabiya]]):[[Salman bin 'Abd al-'Aziz Al Sa'ud]] |magac_hogaamiye1 = |- |darajo_hogaamiye2 = [[Xoghayaha Guud]]:[[Masar]]: [[Imaaraadka Carabta]]: |magac_hogaamiye2 = DR.(MR.).: Ahmed Aboul Gheit _* |MR. Syd. Gamal Abdel Nasser_* |MR. Syd. M. Husny MUBARAK _* |- |darajo_hogaamiye3 = [[Gudoomiye]]: [[Ciraaq]]:-) |magac_hogaamiye3 = (fm)MR. SADDAM HUSSAIN*.(A.M.A.)Al-Tikriti._* MR.Zine El Abidine “Ben ALI3”._* |- |darajo_hogaamiye4 = [[Guddoomiye Kuxigeen]]: [[Aljeeriya]]:-) [[Marooko]]:-) |magac_hogaamiye4 = MR.Prof. Abdelaziz B.TEFLIKHA_* MR.Syd. AlI3 A. SALEH (Al’A’Fmly.!)_* |- |sovereignty_type = '''Ka xoroobey''': |sovereignty_note = |[[Boqortooyada Ingiriiska]]''': '''[[Dawlada Cosmaniya]]''' & '''[[Faransiiska]]''': .:`~` |- |established_event1 = |established_date1 = |area = 13,953,041`* |areami² = 5,382,910`* |biyo = |population_estimate =455-425*Million<sup>3</sup> |population_estimate_year = 2022-2025* |lacagta = |Magaca internetka = &nbsp; |wakhti = [[(UTC+0 to +4)]] |furaha_debedda = |furaha internetka = Ir,Is,& tr.!!'? |furaha telefonka = + }} <ref>https://www.worldatlas.com/geography/arab-countries.html</Ref>.: '''Jaamacada Carabta''' ama '''Dowladda Jaamacadda Carabta''' waa urur kulmiya wadamada carabta.Waa urur kulmiya wadamo kuyaala [[Afrika]] iyo [[Aasiya]] xubnaha kujira waxaa looyaqaana dawldo caraba.waa dawlado wadaaga arimo dhaqaale iyo arimo siyaasadeed. waxaana ka dhexeeya xidhiidho aad iyo aad ubadan Wadamada xubnaha ka ah Jaamacadda Carabta waxay daboolayaan in ka badan 13,000,000 km2 (5,000,000 sq m) iyo waliba laba qaaradood oo kala duwan: Afrika iyo Aasiya. Goobtaasi waxay ka kooban tahay lamadegalka duurka, sida Sahara. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa sidoo kale ku jira dhulal badan oo aad u sarreeya sida Dooxada Nile, Dooxada Jubba iyo Dooxada Shebelle ee [[Geeska Afrika]], Buuraleyda Atlas ee Maghreb, iyo Bariiska Fertile ee sii fidiya Mesopotamia iyo Levant. Aagga ayaa ka kooban kaymo qoto dheer oo ku yaal koonfurta Carabta iyo qaybo ka mid ah webiga ugu dheer dunida, Niilka. Qowmiyad-kala-duwan, diini ah, iyo luuqado badan. Diin-badan, Luuqado badan, & Qowmiyado kala duwan.Luuqadaha badan, Qowmiyadaha kala duwan, & Diimaha badan; oo macneheedu yahay Dhaqamada kala duwan ee wayn. Jaartarka Jaamacadda Carabta, oo sidoo kale loo yaqaano Heshiiska Jaamacadda Carabta, ayaa ah heshiiskii aasaasay ee Jaamacadda Carabta. 1945-kii la aqbalay, waxa uu dhigayaa in "Ururka Jaamacadda Carabtu uu ka kooban yahay Dawladaha Carbeed ee madaxbannaan oo saxiixay Heshiiskan.". Markii hore, 1945, waxaa jiray lix xubnood oo keliya. Maanta, Jaamacadda Carabta waxay leedahay 22 xubnood, oo ay ka mid yihiin saddex dal oo Afrikaan ah oo ka kala yimi qaybaha ugu waaweyn (Sudan, Algeria iyo Liibiya) iyo waddanka ugu weyn ee Bariga Dhexe (Sacuudi Carabiya). Shan waddan waxay leeyihiin xaalad kormeeree oo xaq u siinaya inay muujiyaan ra'yigooda oo ay bixiyaan talo laakiin waxay diidaan xuquuqda codbixinta. [[Jaamacadda Carab]] tu waxay u qaybsantaa shan qaybood marka ay timaado gaadiidka, jasiiradda Carabta iyo Bariga dhow ayaa si buuxda ugu xiran hawada, badda, waddooyinka iyo tareenada. Qeyb kale oo ka mid ah League waa dooxada Niil, oo ka kooban Masar iyo Suudaan. Labadan dawladood waxay bilaabeen inay hagaajiyaan nidaamka Nile Nile ee habka safarka si loo wanaajiyo helitaanka iyo sida ganacsi loo korsado. Nidaamka tareenada cusub ayaa sidoo kale lagu wadaa inuu ku xiro magaalada koonfurta Masar ee Abu Simbel iyo waqooyiga Suudaan ee Wadi Halfa iyo ka dibna Khartoum iyo Port Sudan. Qaybta saddexaad ee horyaalka waa Maghreb, halkaas oo 3,000 km oo gawaarida gawaarida ah ay ka socdaan magaalooyinka koonfurta ee Morocco ilaa Tripoli oo ku yaala galbeedka Libya. Qaybta afaraad ee horyaalka waa Geeska Afrika, oo wadamada xubnaha ka ah ay ka mid yihiin Jabuuti iyo Soomaaliya. Labadan dawladood ee Carabta ayaa kala qaybiyay kaliya toban mayl u jirta jasiiradda Carabta ee Bab el Mandeb, taasina si dhakhso ah ayay isu bedeshaa, sida Tarik bin Laden, oo ah walaalkii Osama bin Laden, oo bilaabay dhisidda mashruuc ballaadhan ee mashruuca Horn Horns , kaas oo ugu dambeyntii ujeedkiisu yahay inuu ku xiro Geeska Afrika oo leh Jasiiradda Carabta adoo adeegsanaya buundo weyn. Mashruucan waxaa loogu talagalay in lagu fududeeyo oo la dedejiyo ganacsiga iyo ganacsiga qarniyadii hore ee u dhexeeyay labada gobol. Qaybta ugu dambeysa ee horyaalka waa jasiiradda go'doomin ee Comoros, taas oo aan ku xirnayn dawlad kale oo Carbeed ah, laakiin wali waxay la shaqaysaa xubnaha kale ee Arabic Languages. Jaamacadda Carabtu waxay hodan ku tahay khayraadka, sida saliid weyn iyo kheyraadka dabiiciga ah ee dalalka xubnaha ka ah. Warshad kale oo si joogta ah u sii kordhaysa ee Jaamacadda Carabtu waa isgaarsiin. Muddo ka yar 10 sano, shirkadaha maxaliga ah sida Orascom iyo Etisalat waxay ku guuleysteen inay tartan caalami ah sameeyaan. Horumarka dhaqaale ee ay bilowday Ururka Iskaashatada Wadamada xubnaha ka ah ayaa ka qosol badan kuwii ka soo baxay ururada yar yar ee Carabta sida Golaha Iskaashiga Khaliijka (GCC). Waxaa ka mid ah Pipeline Arab Pipeline, kaas oo gaas Masar iyo Ciraaq geyn doona [[Jordan]], [[Syria]], Lubnaan, iyo Palestine; Laga soo bilaabo 2013.:• isbeddel muuqda oo ka dhexeeya xaaladaha dhaqaale ayaa ka dhexeeya dalalka saliida ee saliida ee [[Algeria]], [[Qatar]], [[Kuwait]] iyo [[United Arab Emirates]], iyo dalalka soo koraya sida [[Comoros]], [[Jabuuti]], [[Mauritania]], [[Somaliland]] iyo [[Eratareya]] dda.!! Ururka Jaamacadda Carabtu waa urur siyaasadeed oo isku daya in uu gacan ka geysto sidii loo xoojin lahaa xubnaheeda dhaqaale ahaan, iyo xallinta khilaafaadka ku lug leh dalalka xubnaha ka ah adoon weydiisan kaalmo shisheeye. Waxay leedahay lahjado xubin baarlamaan ah oo wakiil ka ah arrimaha arrimaha dibedda sida badan waxaa lagu maareyn doonaa kormeerka QM.!!'? Jaangooyada Jaamacadda Carabta [5] waxay taageertay mabda'a dhulkii Carabta iyada oo la ixtiraamayo xushmadnimada dawladaha xubnaha ka ah. Xeerarka gudaha ee Golaha Jaamacadda [20] iyo guddiyada [21] waxay ku heshiiyeen Oktoobar 1951. Xoghaynta Guud waxaa lagu heshiiyay May 1953. Tan iyo markaas, maamulka Jaamacadda Carabtu waxay ku saleysnaayeen labadii hay'adood ee heer qaran iyo madax-bannaanida wadamada xubnaha ka ah. Ilaalinta dawladnimada shakhsi ahaaneed waxay ka heshay awoodeeda ka soo jeeda dabiiciga dabiiciga ah ee awooda xukunka ah si ay u ilaaliyaan awooddooda iyo madax-bannaanida go'aaminta. Intaa waxaa dheer, cabsida hodanka ah ee saboolka ah ee saboolka ah inuu la wadaagi karo hantidiisa magaca Ummadda Carabta, khilaafyada ka dhexeeya madaxda Carabta, iyo saamaynta awoodaha dibadda ee laga yaabo inay ka soo horjeedaan midnimada Carabta ayaa loo arki karaa caqabado dhinaca isdhexgalka qoto dheer ee horyaal . [[File:Camel factory Nablus December 2008.JPG|thumb|right|395px|Nablu, Palestine]] [[File:Raouda.JPG|thumb|right|View from the western side of the Hujra, [[Sacuudi Carabiya]].]] [[File:Burial of Muhammad.jpg|thumb|right|Wall of the Burial of the Prophet Muhammed (PBHM),[[Sacuudi Carabiya]].]] [[File:World Heritage Sites in the Arab World]] value: call: reading: source presentation: previous versions: Partially protected: Incomplete-document-purple.svg This entry must be completed : this entry lacks essential content. You may find details on the conversation page . You are invited to complete the missing parts and remove this message. Consider creating titles for chapters that require completion, and transfer the template to them. editing Disambiguate RTL.svg The term "Arab" redirects here. For the entry dealing with the island in the Persian Gulf, see Arab (island) . Arab Muslims Arabs & Muslims Al-Khansaa, Al-Khandi, Yohanan of Damascus, Philip the Arab, May Ziada, Asmahan, Gamal Abdel Nasser, Faisal the First Al-Khansaa , Al-Khandi , Yohanan of Damascus , Philip the Arab , May Ziada , Asmahan , Gamal Abdel Nasser , Faisal the First population 425 million Main population concentrations Arab countries some of the African countries see also: [[Israeli Arabs]] Languages: Arabic: religion: Islam: Christianity: Druze religion: related ethnic groups: Celestial peoples: [[Maltese]] , [[Jews]] , [[Samaritans]] and [[Assyrians]].!!'.!!’ Distribution of the Arabic language : A single official language.!! official shared language with the majority of Arab natives.!! Official shared language due to significant minorities, history, or cultural reasons. Arabs are a people of Semitic origin and an ethnic group from the Arabian Peninsula . After the emergence of Islam in the 7th century , the Arab population spread in the Middle East and North Africa in a series of waves of migration, conquest and cultural influence. Countries where the Arabs constitute a clear majority of the population are called " Arab countries ". Today, the name is used as a nickname for the natives of these countries, whose mother tongue is Arabic and the vast majority of them are Muslim (most of them Sunni ). The most common definitions for the name Arabs in thought and literature, in academic research and in the media, are: Politically : People who are citizens of countries that are members of the Arab League (or in a broader generalization, the Arab world), but not all Arab countries are members of the Arab League and these countries also have non-Arab citizens. This definition includes over 300-450 million people. The Arab Leagues includes several African countries, such as Djibouti , Comoros and Somalia , whose Arabic is one of their official languages ​​but whose inhabitants are not Arabs at all. And there are Arabs who are not citizens of these countries (for example, in the United States , Israel and European countries). Linguistic: people whose mother tongue is Arabic , or who at least speak Arabic in their daily and personal lives, even if they did not grow up using it. This definition includes over 200 million people who speak different dialects of the Arabic language. Ethnic - Genealogical - Racial : Humans who live, or whose ancestors lived in the Arabian Peninsula and whose genetic and physical characteristics are originally characterized mainly by the original inhabitants of the Arabian Peninsula . Cultural: people who see themselves as Arabs (regardless of ethnic and genealogical origins), whose culture and way of life are Arabs and are recognized as Arabs by others. The majority of Arabs are Muslims (mostly Sunnis and a minority of Shias’ and members of other minority classes), and a minority of them are Christians , Druze and others.[1] etymology: The word "Arab" in this meaning is mentioned in the Bible several times. Thus, for example, the book of Nehemiah mentions the " Arab rain " that some scholars identify with King Kedar .[2]Also in the Book of Kings, "the kings of the evening" are mentioned[3]And it seems that this phrase refers to the rulers of the Arabian Peninsula, with whom King Solomon had trade relations.[4]The word "Arab" also appears in the Bible in the meaning of the inhabitant of the steppe . In Semitic languages, as a rule, the root A.R.B carries the meanings of: west, sunset (evening), desert (Arab), mix, trade, crow and clear. All or some of them can have a connection to the origin of the name. [ source needed ] It is also possible that the name can have consonants and the origin of the name is actually in the root A.B.R. in connection with their nomadic way of life. [ source required ] In the Qur'an the word "Arab" does not appear as a noun but only as an adjective, for example, the Qur'an refers to itself as "Arab and clear" when the two attributes are related to each other. history: This chapter is lacking. Please contribute to Wikipedia and complete it . You may find details on the conversation page . BC The soldiers of the Assyrian Empire defeat "Gindibu, King of Arabia" riding a camel and his soldiers The first mention of the Arabs in writing is from an Assyrian inscription from 853 BC ( the Necessary Monolith ), in which King Shalmenser III named " Gindibu , King of Arabia" among the rulers he defeated in the Battle of Karkar . Starting from the Assyrian period and following the domestication of the camel, Arab traders played a central role In the trade between the ancient Near East and the Horn of Africa and ancient Yemen . There is evidence of trade relations of the peoples of the ancient Near East with the kingdoms of the inhabitants of the Arabian Peninsula, the main commercial relation between them was regarding myrrh and frankincense which were used in the perfume industry and were common in the Arabian Peninsula. An ancient Arabic inscription was found in a building from the days of the First Temple in the City of David , which indicates that a Jewish official who knew the language and had relations with one of the Arab kingdoms of the time lived there. The Nabataeans migrated in a massive migration at the end of the Persian period from the north of the Arabian Peninsula towards the south of Jordan and the Negev , they conquered and assimilated the remains of the Moabites and the Ammonites and pushed the Adomites north to the south of Mount Hebron in the territories of Judea.:• After counting: As a general rule, the great empires of the ancient world did not conquer the Arabian Peninsula, unlike the rest of the Middle East, even the Sasanian Empire , which ruled the eastern and southern coasts of the peninsula, did not reach the interior of the country or the western coastal region where the cities of Mecca and Medina are located - apparently for lack of interest economic in this desert region that cannot sustain fertile agriculture . Before Muhammad's time , the inhabitants of the Arabian Peninsula were idolaters?, Christians? or Jews? (descendants of Jewish exiles from the Land of Israel and also Arabs who converted under their influence, such as the Kingdom of Hamir ).!!’ The period before Muhammad is called in Islamic literature: "The Age of Ignorance", or the "Jahiliyyah" . During this period the inhabitants of the Arabian Peninsula were divided into the northern tribes and the southern tribes. The tribal tradition claimed that the people of the north are the descendants of Adnan and Ishmael , while the people of the south are the descendants of a legendary figure named Qahtan . When there are those who suggest that Kakhatan is Yakattan son of the biblical past.[6]In the Arabian Peninsula , nomadic tribes ( Bedouins ) and permanent tribes lived. The permanent tribes lived in cities or deserts and engaged in agriculture or trade . Unlike them, the nomadic tribes were engaged in escorting caravans that passed through the peninsula. Later there were also Arab groups who became Christians (see: Christian Arabs). After the rise of Islam and its consolidation in the Arab kingdoms, Muhammad and his army went north towards the territories of the Byzantine Empire and the Sasanian Empire , which were in a period of depression and enjoyed a lasting peace between them. Muhammad's ambition to conquer the world known until then was blocked in the territories of the Gulf of Eilat , and although he sent a letter to the Jews of Eilat (the Byzantine "doe") in which he ordered them to accept his new religion or prepare for their death, it was precisely Muhammad who met his death three years after declaring Islam as The "religion of truth" to control the other nations. The Arab conquest of the Land of Israel brought the Arabs to the Land of Israel , but they could not defeat the Byzantine Empire and were helped by Jewish collaborators who were tired of life as an oppressed and persecuted religious and cultural minority in their country and fought alongside the Arabs against the continuation of Byzantine rule. The Arabs treated the Jews and Christians in the Land of Israel as dhimmis , while the Samaritans , whom Muhammad did not know and therefore did not mention in the Koran as monotheists , were forced to convert to Islam by the force of the sword or die, and when they refused, they almost led to their destruction. After the Arab conquest of the Middle East , Arabs who migrated from the Arabian Peninsula spread to the occupied space: The [[Levant]] , [[Egypt]] and the [[Maghreb]] Greater countries . Later in the course of history, on the one hand, the majority of the conquered peoples began to see themselves as "Arabs" as well, even if it was only a cultural issue due to the Islamization of their country and people without blood ties to the Arab conquerors, and on the other hand, the immigration of Muslim pilgrims of non-Arab origin began The lands that were conquered towards the Arabian Peninsula for religious reasons etc. were assimilated into the local Arab population. The Arab-Muslim conquest also expanded into Europe , with the conquest of Spain by the Moors .!!'?'! see also Islam: Judaism-Islam relations; Israeli Arabs: for further reading: Bernard Lewis , The Arabs in History , Tel Aviv: Dvir Publishing , 1995. Albert Hourani , History of the Arab Nations , Tel Aviv: Dvir Publishing, 1996. Pierre Vidal-Naka (ed.), From the Arab Conquest to Imperial Islam, in: The History of the World from the Dawn of Mankind to the Present , Tel Aviv: Yediot Ahronoth Publishing; 993,pp. 7-10. aurchive Forigh Ministry of Saudi Arabia. Prince Saud Al-Fasiel. House of Al Saud Family….!!’?’… <Ref>https://stepfeed.com/7-facts-you-probably-don-t-know-about-the-arab-league-4490</Ref>.:• <Ref> https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/most-dangerous-countries-for-women>/Ref{{Dead link|date=Bisha Saddexaad 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}>.: “… Le saviez-vous ? Pour les stars du porno gay, être attirant n'a d'importance que dans le porno gay. Dans le porno hétéro, l'attention est presque toujours portée sur la star.…!!’..” <Ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/countries-with-most-beautiful-women </Ref>.: <Ref>https://armedforces.eu/compare/country_Arab_League_vs_European_Union_EU</Ref>.:• December 25, 2017 Special Dispatch No. 7246 Iraqi Kurdish leader Masoud Barzani's September 25, 2017 referendum on Kurdish independence sparked vehement opposition in Arab countries, as was expressed in statements by leaders and also by many articles in the Arab press. The main argument raised was that the Kurds are a tool of Israel – which is working to divide Iraq, and after that the rest of the Arab countries. As proof of this, they cited the Kurds' good relations with Israel and the fact that Israel is the only country that supports them. Along with this opposition, the Arab press also published a few articles defending the Kurds' right to independence and criticizing those who opposed it. These articles rejected the conspiracy theory – i.e. that Israel was backing the referendum, with the aim of dismantling an Arab country – and noted that the Arabs' refusal to tackle their own domestic problems posed more of a danger than Israel did. They also said that those who oppose the Kurdish referendum in the name of Arab unity and the Palestinian problem have made other mistakes over the years – such as also supporting Nazism and Communism. This, while they themselves were doing nothing for the Palestinians, and were even causing harm to the Palestinians within their own countries' borders. Iraqi Kurds wave Israeli flag along with Kurdistan flag. Image: Aljazeera.net, October; 2017 Arab Writers: It Is Not Israel That Created The Kurdish Problem, But Rather The Arab Regimes That Denied Their Rights. Jordanian journalist Fahd Al-Khitan wrote in the daily Al-Ghad under the title "It Is Not a Conspiracy": "The Arab logic immediately came up with a Zionist conspiracy as an explanation for the Kurds' insistence on seceding from Iraq and on holding a referendum several weeks ago. Proof of this conspiracy exists in abundance, since Israel effectively supported the Kurdish demand [for independence] and has been cultivating ties with certain Kurdish elements since the days of yore. But can the historic cause of the Kurds, which exists since before the founding of Israel, be reduced to this marginal fact? "Israel exploits regional crises to promote its own interests, that much is certain, and Arab and [other] regional forces do the same. We can present many exsamples of border disputes and political conflicts between states that have been exploited by Arab and foreign countries, [such as the conflicts] between Iran and Iraq, between Bahrain and Qatar, between Egypt and Sudan, and the Sahara conflict between Morocco and Algeria. These are all real problems, and the lack of willingness to resolve and settle them gives foreign forces an opportunity to exploit them for their own interests. "Israel did not create the Kurdish problem. The problem of the Kurds in Iraq, Syria, Turkey and Iran is a flagrant national product of countries and regimes that denied the legitimate national rights of the [Kurdish] people. Like any oppressed and persecuted nation, the Kurds are trying to enlist support for their cause, regardless of any other consideration. If Israel has indeed managed to infiltrate the Kurdish [ranks], this is nothing but a demonstration of the Arabs' failure to address their legitimate cause, and proof of the fragility of the Arabs' national security, which is breached from every direction – by Israel and by other forces. So don't blame it all on the Kurds. "The perception of the Kurdish issue involves no small measure of radical nationalism, for there is a strange insistence on merging the various components [of our societies] into an exclusively Arab identity, and on denying the right of non-Arabs to express their national and cultural identity. Whoever lifts up his head and demands his rights is [immediately] accused of serving Israel. Is Israel also behind the referendum in Catalonia? Several days ago, some regions in Italy [likewise] announced their wish to hold a referendum on secession, [but] we did not hear anyone in Italy accusing Israel and Zionism of being behind this move. And what about Britain, whose people voted to leave the European Union? Can Israel, which was created thanks to a British promise [the Balfour Declaration], be behind this as well? If Israel is really motivating the Kurds and pushing them to conspire against the Arab nation, why did the U.S., Israel's number one ally in the world, oppose Israel's will and interests and reject the referendum? "Using this warped national logic, we avoid dealing with our problems in the [[Arab world]]. We have made a habit of blaming others for our failure, not only in the Kurdish issue but in all the challenges we have faced, before and since the establishment of [[Israel]]. ][[Israel]] is no doubt the greatest enemy of the nation, but the enemy within is much more dangerous. "In the collapsing countries of the east, as well as in the old democracies, a desire for secession and independence is emerging. This is a great challenge for both the Arab reasoning and the Western reasoning, and confronting it requires creative and innovative thinking."[1] Lebanese Journalist: Why Do All Those Who Fought For The Palestinians' Right Of Self Determination Deny The Same Right To The Kurds? Lebanese journalist and political analyst Hazem Saghiya wrote in his column in the London-based Saudi daily Al-Hayat: "The minute [Kurdish leader] Masoud Barzani announced the decision to hold a referendum [on Kurdish independence], condemnations began to be heard of [the Kurds'] love of Israel: 'you are allies, partners and even agents of Israel.' Some people started digging into history – or even inventing it – in an effort to prove that the situation of the two sides [the Israelis and the Kurds] is identical... [The right to establish] an independent Palestinian state is a right that no reasonable person contests. Ideally, anyone who [demands] rights of his own should support and identify with all the just causes in the world. [But] the political reality does not always [correspond] to this ideal, for in the name of national rights, independence and hostility to Jewish immigration, most Arabs showed solidarity with Hitler and Nazism, and later, in the name of the very same rights, [they also] showed solidarity with the Soviet Gulag regime... These are positions that do not respect people's rights and even undermine them. Moreover, to this day, apologizing for them has not become a prominent part of Arab culture or ideology... "Iraqis who now holler about the friendship between the Kurds and Israel did not hesitate to treat the Palestinians in the worst possible manner. This happened immediately after the 2003 war [in Iraq], and the Iraqis and Palestinians still remember it... We [also] know that, in Syria and Lebanon, the impassioned calls to advance the Palestinian cause coincide with the most despicable treatment of Palestinians. How did the war on the [Palestinian refugee] camps[2] during the 1980s help the Palestinians liberate Palestine?! "The Palestinians' own behavior has not always been characterized by the justice in whose name they constantly speak, for they expressed sympathy for Saddam Hussein's attack on Kuwait and later for Assad's suppression of the Syrian majority that rose up in demand of freedom. They took part in the civil wars in Jordan and Lebanon, and their crimes against the rights of the Lebanese and Jordanians are comparable to the crimes of the Lebanese and Jordanians against their rights... So why are only the Kurds required to remain within the framework of a perfect correspondence between politics and justice? Or perhaps what is permitted to the master is not permitted to his slave?... "As for the Kurds and Israel, the Hebrew state was the only one that welcomed the Kurdish referendum. It probably welcomed it for reasons that were less than noble, having to do entirely with its own [interests], but it did so while others all over the region were [threateningly] baring their teeth at the Kurds. In this situation, can the Kurds be expected to burn the Israeli flag? What have we Arabs done for the Kurds that we can expect them to hate Israel with a passion?... "Moreover, since the Saddam Hussein era, the Palestinian cause has been used more than any other cause [as a means] to undermine the Kurdish issue and the Kurds' right [to independence], just as Bashar Al-Assad later used the Palestinian cause [to combat] the Syrians' [attempts] to oust his regime. Obviously, such conduct leaves psychological effects and scars in its victims, especially when no Palestinian voices are heard loudly condemning and opposing this use [of their cause]. "The obvious conclusion is that, in this region, we have what can be described as a mechanism of blackmail by means of [accusations of collaboration with] Israel. The Lebanese Christians know better than anyone else how they were subjected to such blackmail during the years of Syrian patronage [over Lebanon], and even the Palestinian leadership itself was not spared [this blackmail] when it tried to take its own national decisions, independently of the will of the Assad regime..."[3] Al-Hayat Columnist: The Claims Against The Kurds Have Been Disproved Hazem Al-Amin, another Lebanese columnist for the Saudi daily Al-Hayat, wrote cynically: "The Kurds' celebrations last month [over the referendum results] included waving Israeli flags – which pan-Arab eyes saw and made part of the Kurdish aspiration for independence. [They called the Kurdish state] 'an artificial state that is analogous to Israel.' Those with wounded pan-Arab sentiment have gone too far, [arguing that] not only is the future [Kurdish] state a product of Israel, but that it is also a partner in Tel Aviv's creation of ISIS, and wishes that the 200,000 Kurdish Jews in Israel will return to it. [They say] that the future [Kurdish] state is part of the Zionist plan to dismantle the region into small entities based on ethnicity and sect... "Much can be said against the independence referendum... but it also had an upside, because it made the Arabs expend tremendous energy on writing nonsense, as they haven't done in a long time. [This] revealed that the Ba'th [party], including its branches in Iraq and Syria, is not a random, fleeting phenomenon in the pan-Arab sentiment, but is fundamental; that ISIS is its cousin and suckled the same milk; and that the Arab defeat throughout the conflict with Israel is the result of ignoring the truth. Anyone who says that the Kurds want 200,000 Kurdish Jews to return to Kurdistan from Israel fails to notice that they [the Kurds], by means of their activity that stems from delusions, will in fact restore the situation to what it used to be, and will serve Palestine by correcting the mistake of the pan-Arabism of Rashid 'Ali Al-Kilani[4] and his nationalist Arab cohorts,[5] which motivated them to raid the Jews in Baghdad and send them to Israel with the aid of the Jewish Agency. "While pan-Arabism is forgiven for having abandoned Palestine, the Kurds are not forgiven for waving the Israeli flag at a moment of national intoxication... After all, they are Kurds, and they have no right to anger or mistakes, just as they are not allowed to dream of a state that was taken from them over a century ago. If they make a mistake, then [Hizbullah secretary-general] Mr. [Hassan] Nasrallah will come out to remind them that he will stand against any plan by [any] religious stream that divides the nation – when he [Nasrallah himself] apparently wants to unite [the nation] under the flag of the Rule of the Jurisprudent [of the Iranian regime] that has no connection to any [Sunni] religious stream... "ISIS too, which according to the offspring [of Rashid 'Ali Al-Kilani and Hajj Amin Al-Husseini] sold Iraqi territories to Israel via Kurdish middlemen, found a place in the version [of reality] of the opponents of the Kurdish state. According to the latter, ISIS is not Arab and does not belong to the Ba'th, [but rather] is Kurdish and Israeli. The offspring of Rashid Al-Kilani have in their possession documents proving this, that they sent to Mr. Nasrallah; he will reveal them in his next speech... "The Shi'ite Iraqi forces – once the allies of the Kurds in Iraq, in the post-Saddam era – united in a religious alliance [with Shi'ite Iran] that has no place for the Kurds' aspirations. And lo, they remind the Kurds of the Arabism of Kirkuk [which is actually Kurdish], while forsaking the Arabism of [the Shi'ite] Al-Najaf and of Karbala, and turning [the Sunni] Mosul, after its liberation from ISIS, into an Iranian metropolis. All this does not harm the offspring of Rashid 'Ali Al-Kilani [i.e. the Iraqis], as long as it is done by a strong tyrant [such as Saddam]. But the weak, such as the Kurds, have no right to dream of a state."[6] <Ref>https://www.worlddata.info/iq-by-country.php</Ref>.:• [1] Al-Ghad (Jordan), October 22, 2017. [2] This refers to a campaign waged by the Amal militia against the Palestinian refugee camps in Lebanon during the civil war in 1985-1986. Thousands of Palestinians were killed in the battles, and the Sabra, Shatila and Burj Al-Barajna refugee camps were almost completely destroyed, although Amal never managed to take over the camps. [3] Al-Hayat (London), October 3, 2017. [4] Iraqi politician Rashid 'Ali Al-Kilani (1892-1965), three-time Iraqi prime minister, led the 1941 rebellion that prompted the British to invade Iraq; in June of that year the Farhud, or pogrom, against the Jews of Baghdad took place. Al-Kilani fled to Nazi Germany, and was known for his connections to the Nazis and to Jerusalem Mufti Hajj Amin Al-Husseini. [5] A reference to the Arab nationalist movement, founded in Beirut in the 1920s. [6] Al-Hayat (London), October 3, 2017. <Ref>https://www.defensenews.com/home/2015/04/01/arab-league-sets-new-defense-force-at-40,000/{{Dead link|date=Bisha Saddexaad 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes}}</Ref>.: <Ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/countries-never-colonized</Ref>.::• <Ref>https://www.worldatlas.com/history/10-countries-which-have-never-been-colonised-by-europeans.html</Ref>.:• <Ref>https://amnesty.ca/features/5-death-penalty-myths-debunked/</Ref>.::• ==Waddamada “Jaamacadda Dowladdaha Carabta.”== {| class="sortable wikitable" |- ! Tirada !! Dalka !! [[Literacy]] rate |- |01.||[[File:Flag of Algeria.svg|191px]][[Aljeeriya]]<s> ||89.5<Ref name=p.192/>. |- |02.||[[File:Flag of Saudi Arabia.svg|193px]][[Sacuudi Carabiya]]<s>||93.5<Ref name=p.193/>. |- |03.||[[File:Flag of Kuwait.svg|192px]][[Kuwayt]]<s> ||93.4<Ref name="p.192"/>. |- |04.||[[File:Flag of Bahrain.svg|189px]][[Baxrayn]] ||93.4<Ref name=p.191/>. |- |05".||[[File:Flag of Japan.svg|189px]]<!'>[[Jabaan]]<'!> ||89.8<Ref name=p.190/>. |- |06.||[[File:Flag of Qatar.svg|189px]]<!!>[[Qatar]]<s> ||93.6<Ref name="p.191">[http://hdr.undp.org/en/media/HDR_2010_EN_Complete_reprint.pdf p. 192]</Ref>. |- |07"'.||[[File:Flag of Lebanon.svg|189px]][[lubnaan]] ||89.5<Ref name=p.190/>. |- |08'".||[[File:Flag of Egypt.svg|193px]][[Masar]]<s> ||91.8<Ref name=p.191/>. |- |09".||[[File:Flag of Jordan.svg|189px]]<!'>[[Urdun]]<'!> ||89.8<Ref name=p.190/>. |- |10".||[[File:Flag of Iraq.svg|191px]]<!>[[Ciraaq]]<!> ||89.8<Ref name=p.192/>. |- |11".||[[File:Flag of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic.svg|191px]]<S>[[SADR]]<s's!>||89.5<Ref name=p.191/> |- |12".||[[File:Flag of Oman.svg|189px]][[Cumaan]] ||93.4<Ref name=p.191/>. |- |13".||[[File:Flag of Morocco.svg|193px]]<!>[[Marooko]]<!'> ||75.4<Ref name=p.193/>. |- |14".||[[File:Flag of Tunisia.svg|189px]][[Tunisiya]]<s> ||78.98<Ref name=p.190/> |- |15".||[[File:Flag of Libya.svg|191px]]<'!>[[Libiya]]<!'> ||89.4<Ref name=p.193/>.: |- |17.".||[[File:Flag of Bangladesh.svg|192px]]<S>[[Bangladesh]]<s'!> ||93.4<Ref name="p.192"/>. |- |16".=||[[File:Flag of Syria.svg|191px]][[Suuriya]]<!> ||89.95<Ref name="p.192"/>. |- |18'.||[[File:Flag of Sudan.svg|189px]]<!>[[Suudaan]]<!'> ||69.39<REF name=p.190/>. |- |19'".||[[File:Flag of South Sudan.svg|189px]]<S>[[Koonfur Suudaan]]<s'?> ||89.8<Ref name=p.190/> |- |20."`.||[[File:Flag of Yemen.svg|193px]]<S'!>[[Yemen]]<s'!> ||69.98<REF name=p.189/>. |- |21.'"||[[File:Flag of Palestine.svg|189px]]<S!>[[Falastiin]]<s'!> ||69.3<REF name="p.189"/>. |- |22".||[[File:Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg|191px]]<!!>[[Imaaraatka Carabta]]<!>||89.5<Ref name=p.191/> |- |23"_.||[[File:Flag of Brunei.svg|189px]]<S>[[Barunay]]<s'> ||75.39<REF name=p.192/>. |- |24".||[[File:Flag of the Comoros.svg|189px]]<S>[[Komoros]]<s!> ||67.23<REF name=p.193/>.: |- |25_.||[[File:Flag of Seychelles.svg|189px]]<S>[[Fiktoria]]<s'!> ||67.57<REF name=p.192/>.: |- |26"_.||[[File:Flag of Armenia.svg|191px]]<S'!>[[MILITARY Of '"United Kingdom of Great Britain of N. Ireland;Ausies.!'& NZL; & Canadiens.!'!'(ex.Quebec.!'!'):Argentine ; Brazil;& Français; Mexico;& Italiano.!'!'; Espanayol.!'! & Portugalese.!'!'(United Arab Emirates.!'!.!'!]]<S'!> ||78.69<REF name=p.190/>. |- |} <Ref>https://www.museumwnf.org/league-of-arab-states/?page=LAS-missions-worldwide.php</Ref>.::.!'! <Ref>https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2023/05/18/5-facts-about-arabic-speakers-in-the-us/</Ref>.:• <Ref>https://interbrand.com/best-global-brands/?filter-brand/-sector=&filter-brand-region=asia-pacific&filter-brand-country=</Ref>.: <Ref>https://www.worlddata.info/alliances/arab-league.php</Ref>.: <Ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/water-quality-by-country</Ref>.: <ReF>https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/most-developed-countries-in-africa</ReF>.: ===Waddamada “Jaamacadda Dowladdaha Carabta.!'!”=== {| class="sortable wikitable" |- ! Tirada !! Dalka !! [[Literacy]] rate |- |01.".||[[File:Flag of Algeria.svg|191px]][[Aljeeriya]]<s> ||89.5<Ref name=p.192/>. |- |02.".||[[File:Flag of Saudi Arabia.svg|193px]][[Sacuudi Carabiya]]<s>||93.5<Ref name=p.193/>. |- |03.".||[[File:Flag of Kuwait.svg|192px]][[Kuwayt]]<s> ||93.4<Ref name="p.192"/>. |- |04.".||[[File:Flag of Bahrain.svg|189px]][[Baxrayn]] ||93.4<Ref name=p.191/>. 190/>. |- |06.".||[[File:Flag of Qatar.svg|189px]]<!!>[[Qatar]]<s> ||93.6<Ref name="p.191"/>. |- |07.".||[[File:Flag of Korea.svg|189px]]<S>[[Kuuriya]]<s!> ||89.8<Ref name=p.190/>. |- |08."'.||[[File:Flag of Lebanon.svg|189px]][[lubnaan]] ||89.5<Ref name=p.190/>. |- |09'".||[[File:Flag of Egypt.svg|193px]][[Masar]]<s> ||91.8<Ref name=p.191/>. |- |10.".||[[File:Flag of Jordan.svg|189px]]<!'>[[Urdun]]<'!> ||89.8<Ref name=p.190/>. |- |11".||[[File:Flag of Iraq.svg|191px]]<!>[[Ciraaq]]<!> ||89.8<Ref name=p.192/>. |- |12".||[[File:Flag of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic.svg|191px]]<!?>[[SADR]]<!>||89.5<Ref name=p.191/> |- |13".||[[File:Flag of Oman.svg|189px]][[Cumaan]] ||93.4<Ref name=p.191/>. |- |14".||[[File:Flag of Morocco.svg|193px]]<!>[[Marooko]]<!'> ||75.4<Ref name=p.193/>. |- |15".||[[File:Flag of Tunisia.svg|189px]][[Tunisiya]]<s> ||78.98<Ref name=p.190/> |- |16".||[[File:Flag of Libya.svg|191px]]<'!>[[Libiya]]<!'> ||89.4<Ref name=p.193/>.: |- |17.".||[[File:Flag of Bangladesh.svg|192px]]<S>[[Bangladesh]]<s'!> ||93.4<Ref name="p.192"/>. |- |18.||[[File:Flag of Syria.svg|191px]][[Suuriya]]<!> ||89.95<Ref name="p.192"/>. |- |19."'.||[[File:Flag of Sudan.svg|189px]]<!>[[Suudaan]]<!'> ||69.39<REF name=p.190/>. |- |19.'".||[[File:Flag of South Sudan.svg|189px]]<S>[[Koonfur Suudaan]]<'!> ||89.8<Ref name=p.190/> |- |20."`.||[[File:Flag of Yemen.svg|193px]]<!>[[Yemen]]<!> ||69.98<REF name=p.189/>. |- |21.'."'"||[[File:Flag of Palestine.svg|189px]]<!>[[Falastiin]]<!'> ||69.3<REF name="p.189"/>. |- |21.".||[[File:Flag of Pakistan.svg|191px]]<S>[[Bakistaan]]<s'>||69.5<Ref name=p.194/>.: |- |22.".||[[File:Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg|191px]]<!?>[[Imaaraatka Carabta]]<!>||89.5<Ref name=p.191/> |- |23."_.||[[File:Flag of Brunei.svg|189px]]<S>[[Barunay]]<s'!> ||75.39<REF name=p.192/>. |- |24.".||[[File:Flag of the Comoros.svg|189px]]<S>[[Komoros]]<s!> ||67.23<REF name=p.193/>.: |- |25.".||[[File:Flag of France.svg|189px]]<S>[[Marseilles]]<S'!> ||67.23<REF name=p.193/>.: |- |26.".||[[File:Flag of Chad.svg|191px]]<S>[[Injamiina]]<s'!>||69.5<Ref name=p.194/>.: |- |27._.||[[File:Flag of Seychelles.svg|189px]]<S>[[Fiktoria]]<s!'> ||67.57<REF name=p.192/>.: |- |28."_.||[[File:Flag of Eritrea.svg|191px]]<S>[[Soviet. 3mpire.!'!']]<s!'?> ||78.69<REF name=p.190/>. |- |29.".||[[File:Flag of Somalia.svg|191px]]<S>[[Somalie.!'?]]<s'!>||89.5<Ref name=p.191/>. |- |30."_.||[[File:Flag of Djibouti.svg|191px]]<S'>[[Jabuuty.!'!]]<s'> ||78.69<REF name=p.190/>. |- |} <Ref>https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2023/05/18/5-facts-about-arabic-speakers-in-the-us/</Ref>.:• <Ref>https://interbrand.com/best-global-brands/?filter-brand/-sector=&filter-brand-region=asia-pacific&filter-brand-country=</Ref>.: <Ref>https://www.worlddata.info/alliances/arab-league.php</Ref>.: <Ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/water-quality-by-country</Ref>.: [<Ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/arabic-speaking-countries</Ref>]. <Ref>https://ar.wikihow.com/النجاة-من-زلزال-أرضي</Ref>.: <Ref>https://industryarabic.com/arabic-facts-statistics/</Ref>.:• <Ref>https://industryarabic.com/how-many-countries-speak-arabic/</Ref>.: <Ref>https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9b/Map_of_League_of_Arab_States_countries.png</Ref>.: |- <Ref>https://www.worlddata.info/alliances/arab-league.php </Ref>.: <Ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/arabic-speaking-countries</Ref>.: [<Ref>https://www.visualcapitalist.com/visualizing-corruption-around-the-world/</Ref>]. <Ref>{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/dj.html |access-date=2011-06-28 |archive-date=2020-05-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200504070831/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/dj.html |dead-url=yes }}</Ref>. [<Ref>{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|url=https://www.numbeo.com/crime/rankings_by_country.jsp |access-date=2022-08-26 |archive-date=2019-05-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190502031038/https://www.numbeo.com/crime/rankings_by_country.jsp |dead-url=yes }}</ref>]. |- [<Ref>https://livingcost.org/cost</Ref>] |- <Ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/most-hated-country </Ref>.:• <Ref>{{Cite web|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=https://wisevoter.com/country-rankings/average-iq-by-country/ |access-date=2023-09-19|archive-date=2023-09-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230922122032/https://wisevoter.com/country-rankings/average-iq-by-country/|dead-url=yes}} </Ref>.: |- <Ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/countries-with-death-penalty</Ref>.:• |- <Ref>https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/the-highest-literacy-rates-in-the-world.html</Ref>.:•<!!'?>.:• |_ <Ref>https://www.thegospelcoalition.org/article/common-confusions-arabs-muslims/</Ref>.: |- <Ref>https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/10/10/somalia-eritera-and-egypt-pledge-to-bloster-security-ties</Ref>.: |} |- [<Ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/arabic-speaking-countries</Ref>]. |- <Ref>https://ar.wikihow.com/النجاة-من-زلزال-أرضي</Ref>.: |- <Ref>https://industryarabic.com/arabic-facts-statistics/</Ref>.:• |- <Ref>https://industryarabic.com/how-many-countries-speak-arabic/</Ref>.: |- <Ref>https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9b/Map_of_League_of_Arab_States_countries.png</Ref>.: |- <Ref>https://www.worlddata.info/alliances/arab-league.php </Ref>.: |- <Ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/arabic-speaking-countries</Ref>.: |- <Ref>{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/dj.html |access-date=2011-06-28 |archive-date=2020-05-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200504070831/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/dj.html |dead-url=yes }}</Ref>. [<Ref>{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|url=https://www.numbeo.com/crime/rankings_by_country.jsp |access-date=2022-08-26 |archive-date=2019-05-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190502031038/https://www.numbeo.com/crime/rankings_by_country.jsp |dead-url=yes }}</ref>]. |- [<Ref>https://livingcost.org/cost</Ref>] |- <Ref>{{Cite web|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=https://wisevoter.com/country-rankings/average-iq-by-country/ |access-date=2023-09-19|archive-date=2023-09-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230922122032/https://wisevoter.com/country-rankings/average-iq-by-country/|dead-url=yes}} </Ref>.: <Ref>https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/the-highest-literacy-rates-in-the-world.html</Ref>.:•<!!'?>.:• |_ <Ref>https://www.thegospelcoalition.org/article/common-confusions-arabs-muslims/</Ref>.: |- [<Ref>https://www.visualcapitalist.com/visualizing-corruption-around-the-world/</Ref>]. <Ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flag_of_Europe</Ref>.: |- <Ref>https://english.alarabiya.net/articles/2011%2F05%2F05%2F147980</Ref>.: |- <Ref>https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/10/10/somalia-eritera-and-egypt-pledge-to-bloster-security-ties</Ref>.: |- <Ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/most-hated-country </Ref>.:• |- <Ref>https://www.unescwa.org/news/escwa-releases-new-report-real-sizes-arab-economies-between-2017-and-2023</Ref>.:• |- |} ==Bassborka Jaamacada Carabta== <gallery mode="traditional" caption="" class="center"> File:Algerian passport.jpg|{{flagicon|Algeria}}[[Algerian passport|Algeria]]<Br/>[[File:EPassport logo.svg|23px]]{{flagicon|Pakistan}}. File:Cover of Mauritanian Biometric Passport.png|{{flagicon|Algeria}}<Br/>[[File:EPassport logo.svg|16px]]{{flagicon|Mauritania}}.` File:New_Egyptian_Passport.jpg|{{flagicon|Egypt}}[[Egyptian passport|Egypt]][[File:EPassport logo.svg|25px]]{{flagicon|Syria}}.` File:Libyan_New_Passport.jpg|{{flagicon|Libya}}[[Libyan passport|LBY]][[File:EPassport logo.svg|19px]]{{flagicon|Mauritania}}.` File:BioPassMaroc.JPG|{{flagicon|Morocco}}[[Moroccan passport|MAR]][[File:EPassport logo.svg|21px]]{{flagicon|Tunisia}}. File:Passeport Tunisie 2014.jpg|{{flagicon|Tunisia}}[[Tunisian passport|Tunisia]][[File:EPassport logo.svg|16px]]{{flagicon|TN}}. File:Cover of Iraqi Passport.jpg|{{flagicon|Iraq}}[[Iraqi passport|Iraq]]<Br/>[[File:EPassport logo.svg|23px]]{{flagicon|Palestine}}.` File:The New Lebanese Biometric Passport.jpg|{{flagicon|Lebanon}}[[Lebanese Passport|Lebanon]]<Br/>[[File:EPassport logo.svg|21px]]{{flagicon|Libya}}. File:Saudi Arabia Passport.svg|{{flagicon|GCC}}{{flagicon|Oman}}[[Omani passport|Oman]]<Br/>[[File:EPassport logo.svg|25px]]{{flagicon|Saudi Arabia}} File:Bahraincover.png|{{flagicon|GCC}}{{flagicon|Qatar}}[[Bahraini passport|Bahrain]][[File:EPassport logo.svg|21px]]{{flagicon|Bahrain}}. File:Kuwait passport.png|{{flagicon|GCC}}{{flagicon|Kuwait}}[[Kuwaiti passport|Kuwait]][[File:EPassport logo.svg|21px]]{{flagicon|United Arab Emirates}}. File:Qa.png|{{flagicon|GCC}}{{flagicon|Bahrain}}[[Qatari passport|Qatar]]<Br/>[[File:EPassport logo.svg|21px]]{{flagicon|Qatar}}. File:Saudi Arabia Passport.svg|{{flagicon|GCC}}{{flagicon|Saudi Arabia}}[[Saudi Arabian passport|Saudi Arabia]][[File:EPassport logo.svg|25px]]{{flag|United Arab Emirates}}. File:Jordanian Passport.jpg|{{flagicon|Jordan}}[[Philistine passport|Jordan]][[File:EPassport logo.svg|21px]]{{flagicon|Palestine}}.!!` File:UAE Passport.svg|{{flagicon|GCC}}{{flagicon|United Arab Emirates}}[[File:EPassport logo.svg|23px]][[Emirati passport|United Arab Emirates]]{{flagicon|Palestine}}.!!` File:Regular Syrian Passport.jpg|{{flagicon|Syria}}[[Syrian passport|Syria]]<Br/>[[File:EPassport logo.svg|23px]]{{flagicon|Palestine}}.!!` File:Yemen Passport.svg|küçükresim|Yemen pasaportu]]|{{flagicon|Yemen}}[[Yemeni passport|Yemen]]<Br/>[[File:EPassport logo.svg|21px]]{{flagicon|Palestine}}.!!` File:Sudan passport cover.JPG|{{flagicon|Sudan}}[[Sudanese passport|Sudan]]<Br/>[[File:EPassport logo.svg|21px]]{{flagicon|Palestine}}.!!` File:Sahrawi passport.jpg|{{flagicon|ESH}}[[Sahrawi passport|ESH]]<Br/>[[File:EPassport logo.svg|16px]]{{flagicon|MAR}}.!!`?`!!`? File:Somaliland Passport Cover.svg|{{flagicon|Tunisia}}[[Somali passport|Somaliland]]<Br/>[[File:EPassport logo.svg|19px]]{{flagicon|Maldives}}.!!`? File:Cover of Eritrean Passport.jpeg|{{flagicon|Eritrea}}[[Djibouti passport|Djibouti]]<Br/>[[File:EPassport logo.svg|14px]]{{flagicon|Djibouti}}. File:Cover of Chadian Passport.jpg|{{flagicon|Chad}}[[Chadian passport|Chad]]<Br/>[[File:EPassport logo.svg|21px]]{{flagicon|SYC}}.!!`? <Ref>https://visaindex.com/country/chad-passport-ranking/</Ref>.!!`? <Ref>https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2019/9/19/tunisian-autocrat-ben-ali-dies-in-saudi-exile</Ref>.: !!`?`!!`?'?!' </gallery> [[File:Comorian Passport.png|120px]][[Comorian passport|Comoros]]<Br/>[[File:EPassport logo.svg|16px]]{{flagicon|Comoros}}.!!`? [[File:Official Portrait of King Abdulaziz.jpg|thumb|central|King Faisal bin Abdulaziz.jpg: "as" King of [[Sacuudi Carabiya]].]] [[File:Ring with engraved portrait of Ptolemy VI Philometor (3rd–2nd century BCE) - 2009.jpg|thumb|Center|25xp|Crown of Ptolemy VI Philometor as [[Egyptian]] Pharoah. Louvre Museum.: [[Baaris]];[[France]].)]] <Ref>https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/King_of_Saudi_Arabia</Ref>.::.::.:: [[File:Bangladeshi E-Passport.svg|125px]][[Bangladesh passport|Bangladesh]][[File:EPassport logo.svg|11px]]{{flagicon|Pakistan}}.: [[File:JapanpassportNew10y.PNG|21px]]|{{flagicon|Japan}}[[Persian|Japan]].:[[File:KOR ePassport.jpg|25px]]{{flagicon|Korea}}PR"China.: [[File:Manara clocktower.JPG|thumb|Manara]][[https://www.worlddata.info/languages/arabic.php]]..!!’ [[File:16-03-31-Hebron-Altstadt-RalfR-WAT 5717.jpg|thumb|right|195px|Exterior view with (I.& P.Guard):; Isrealian Police.&_.Philistianian Police Guard]] <Ref>https://www.refworld.org/legal/constinstr/las/1945/en/13854</Ref> [[File:Old city of Nablus.JPG|thumb|right|Alley in the Old City leading to and from the [[souk]], 20018]] [[File:Nineveh Nebi Yunus Excavation Bull-Man Head.JPG|thumb|right|196px|[[Lamassu|Winged Bull]] excavated at Nebi Yunus by Iraqi/?\Irani (Persian.!) archaeologists]],`~` <Ref> {{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=https://theculturetrip.com/middle-east/iran/articles/why-iran-is-not-an-arab-country/ |access-date=2023-04-23 |archive-date=2023-04-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230423051219/https://theculturetrip.com/middle-east/iran/articles/why-iran-is-not-an-arab-country/ |dead-url=yes }} </Ref>.::. After killing an [[Egyptian]] slave-master who was beating a [[Hebrew]]; [[Moses]] fled across the [[Red Sea]] to Midian, where he encountered the Angel of the Lord, speaking.!'! … https://www.quora.com/Why-are-the-present-day-Egyptians-predominantly-Arabs-despite-the-fact-that-the-ancient-Egyptians-where-not.:.: [[File:Turkish Passport.svg|21px]]|{{flagicon|Korea}}[[Turkish passport|Turkish]][[File:EPassport logo.svg|25px]]{{flagicon|Turkey}}.: From Britannica and Wikipedia and "World" Libraries.!!` [[Arabs]] are the people of an [[ethnic]] group who come from the [[Arabian Peninsula]] and speak the [[Arabic language]] . According to [[Jewish]] and [[Arab]] tradition, they are the grandchildren of [[Ishmael]] , the son of Avraham Abino . Content 1 The Arab world. 2 Religion. 2.1 Ancient times. 3 The Arabic language's. 4 History and civilization. 5 Arab events. 6 Ottoman decline: 7 The question of Palestine: 8 Arab relations with Arab Jews: The [[Arab world]]: The [[Arab world]] covers most of the countries in the [[Middle East]] and North [[Africa]] except [[Iran]] , [[Turkey]] and [[Bakistaan]] , and the Land of [[Israaiil]].!!'? The Arab countries are: [[Algeria]] , [[Baxrayn]] , [[Egypt]] , [[Iraq]] , [[Jordan]] ,[[Kuwait]] , [[Lubnaan]] , [[Libya]] , [[Marooko]] , [[Cumaan]] ,[[Komoros]], [[Qatar]] , [[Sacuudi Carabiya]] , [[Suudaan]] , [[Suuriya]] , [[Tunisia]] , the [[United Arab Emirates]] , [[Mauritania]], [[Jad]], and [[Yemen]]; [[Eratareya]]; Plus The Whole* [[Somaliland]] are also included even if the [[Soomaalida]].: They Don't "ALLOW" to speak [[Arabic]] [[Language]]; "Economically"; and "Gegraphically"; & "Politically"..Just like [[Turkiga]]; [[Iiraan]] ta but In "African Continent" NOT "ASIAN".• .!!`?'!.! In addition, approximately two million Arabs also live in the occupied areas of the [[West Bank]] and [[Gaza]] in the State of Israel . Almost one million Arabs also live in Israel itself. Arabs also moved to many places in the world especially [[Europe]] and [[Americas]]. Arabs are a diverse people, but there are some elements that unite them. The most important of them are the Islamic beliefs and the Arabic language, and the culture and history associated with them.!!'? One day, after [[Moses]] had reached adulthood, he killed an [[Egyptian]] who was beating a [[Hebrew]]. To escape [[Pharaoh's death penalty]], [[Moses]] fled to Midian (a desert country south of Judah), where he married [[Zipporah]].::. ==Religion and Science.!!'?== The largest part of Arabs are Muslims . There are also many Christian Arabs, especially in Lebanon , Syria , Egypt , and the Palestinian territories . Islam was found in the Arabian Peninsula in the 6th century. It spread quickly over a large part of Asia and Africa , and that is why today there are many Muslims who are not in the [[Arab world]]. Islam, Arab and non-Arab, has two parts: Sunni and Shua . Sunni Islam is the greater part, and most Arabs are Sunni, but in some countries the majority are Shua, mainly Iraq and Bahrain . ==Ancient times.!!'== Until Islam came, most Arabs were polytheists . Some tribes of Arabs under the Hamid kingdom converted to Judaism, or accepted the Christian religion. ==The Arabic languages.!!'== Postscript-viewer-shaded.png See the main article - Arabic Arabic belongs to the family of Semitic languages, together with the holy Hebrew (22 & 23) , and Aramaic. Although Arabic is the giant Semitic out there, The Language 28-31* …letters, and they are written from right to left…...!!’?’!!’? “…. Arabic is another language with a non-Latin alphabet. Though it consists of 28* characters, the complex Arabic script is still often said to be quite hard to learn. Arabic grammar is very different from English grammar, and Arabic is a highly gendered language……” There are three main versions of the Arabic language: 1st. Quranic or Classical, 2nd. Modern Standard, and 3rd. Colloquial or Daily.!!’ Roughly 25* Dialects fall under these three versions, with some mutually unintelligible and others barely different. As a language learner, deciding to learn Arabic’s is the first step.!!’ “….Arabic developed hundred thousand years ago among the Bedouins in the deserts of Arabian Peninsula..”!!’ Its growth was aided by the tradition of poetry which was very advanced in its oral form before it was written down. With the advent of Islam , the Koran became the model of the Arabic language.:• ==History and Civilization.!!'== The name Arab to refer to the nomads and camel leaders of northern Arabia is already found in writings from almost three thousand years ago. Later, the term was used for all the inhabitants of the Arabian Peninsula and Surrounding Arae . Arabs were then a society of tribes. They were grouped according to their family and genealogy, and referred to a single lineage. The Arab society, however, was fragmented thanks to the very difficult conditions of living in the deserts, and therefore there were often fights between tribes and families. It did not appear any Arab country until the arrival of Islam.!!'?' ==Arabic performances.!!'== Islamic civilization, Arab and non-Arab, flourished during the era of the Abbasid caliphs, who ruled over the entire Islamic world from their capital in Baghdad in the years 750 to 1258. The rise of Islamic civilization includes Advances in literature , philosophy , and medicine . Greek philosophy such as the works of Plato and Aristotle were translated into Arabic. Islamic medical writings were used in Europe until the 1600s. Arab sages also made great advances in mathematics. The numbers we use today are called "Arabic numbers" because they were developed by the Arabs and Muslims. Also the division of mathematics "algebra" is an Arab invention, and comes from the Arabic word "Al-Dzabr". ==Ottoman "Turks" decline and " “Arab’s Pple’s League's” World Rise".!!'== At its peak, the Arab world was the most advanced civilization in the world. They possessed incredible wealth, and they led the entire trade between Asia and Europe. Its later rulers became the Ottoman Turks and with the decline of the Ottoman Empire in the 1800s, and 1850s the flourishing of Arab and Islamic culture began to decline with them.!! Many Arab countries then came under the rule of European Colonizing powers. At the end of the First World War 1, the Ottoman Empire collapsed, and Most of the Arab countries were under European rule.!!’?’ ==The question of Palestin.!!'?== Throughout the First World War , the British promised Arab leaders that Palestine would be included in the territories that would go to the Arabs for independence. The British then promised Palestine to the leaders of the Zionist movement. The history of the Arab-Israeli conflict lies in the mutual promises, as well as the Arab opposition to a Jewish state in the region. ==Arab Muslims relations with Arab Jews.!!'== After the mid-1940s, the situation changed drastically, almost all Arab countries were literally emptied of Jews one after the other, the Polish Arabs have a bitter hatred towards the Jews, almost no Jews are seen before their eyes. The Neturi Karta say that this is a direct result of the movement of Zionism, and later the creation of the Jewish land. Categories : ==Islamic.!!'/|\.Moslim States.!!'?== At its peak, the Arab world was the most advanced civilization in the world. They possessed incredible wealth, and they led the entire trade between Asia and Europe. Its later rulers became the Ottoman Turks and with the decline of the [[Ottoman Empire]] in the 1900s, the flourishing of [[Arab]] and [[Islamic]] culture began to decline with them. Many Arab countries then came under the rule of [[European]] powers. At the end of the First World War , the Ottoman Empire collapsed, and many Arab countries were under [[European]] rule.!!` <Ref>https://wikiislam.github.io/wiki/Muslim_Statistics_-_Pornography.html</Ref>.: ==Warka== December 25, 2017 Special Dispatch No. 7246 [[Iraqi]] [[Kurdish]] leader Masoud Barzani's September; 2017 referendum on Kurdish independence sparked vehement opposition in [[Arab countries]], as was expressed in statements by leaders and also by many articles in the Arab press. The main argument raised was that the Kurds are a tool of Israel – which is working to divide Iraq, and after that the rest of the Arab countries. As proof of this, they cited the Kurds' good relations with Israel and the fact that Israel is the only country that supports them. Along with this opposition, the Arab press also published a few articles defending the Kurds' right to independence and criticizing those who opposed it. These articles rejected the conspiracy theory – i.e. that Israel was backing the referendum, with the aim of dismantling an Arab country – and noted that the Arabs' refusal to tackle their own domestic problems posed more of a danger than Israel did. They also said that those who oppose the Kurdish referendum in the name of Arab unity and the Palestinian problem have made other mistakes over the years – such as also supporting Nazism and Communism. This, while they themselves were doing nothing for the Palestinians, and were even causing harm to the Palestinians within their own countries' borders. Iraqi Kurds wave Israeli flag along with Kurdistan flag. Image: Aljazeera.net, October 2, 2017 Arab Writers: It Is Not Israel That Created The Kurdish Problem, But Rather The Arab Regimes That Denied Their Rights Jordanian journalist Fahd Al-Khitan wrote in the daily Al-Ghad under the title "It Is Not a Conspiracy": "The Arab logic immediately came up with a Zionist conspiracy as an explanation for the Kurds' insistence on seceding from Iraq and on holding a referendum several weeks ago. Proof of this conspiracy exists in abundance, since Israel effectively supported the Kurdish demand [for independence] and has been cultivating ties with certain Kurdish elements since the days of yore. But can the historic cause of the Kurds, which exists since before the founding of Israel, be reduced to this marginal fact? "Israel exploits regional crises to promote its own interests, that much is certain, and Arab and [other] regional forces do the same. We can present many exsamples of border disputes and political conflicts between states that have been exploited by Arab and foreign countries, [such as the conflicts] between Iran and Iraq, between Bahrain and Qatar, between Egypt and Sudan, and the Sahara conflict between Morocco and Algeria. These are all real problems, and the lack of willingness to resolve and settle them gives foreign forces an opportunity to exploit them for their own interests. "Israel did not create the Kurdish problem. The problem of the Kurds in Iraq, Syria, Turkey and Iran is a flagrant national product of countries and regimes that denied the legitimate national rights of the [Kurdish] people. Like any oppressed and persecuted nation, the Kurds are trying to enlist support for their cause, regardless of any other consideration. If Israel has indeed managed to infiltrate the Kurdish [ranks], this is nothing but a demonstration of the Arabs' failure to address their legitimate cause, and proof of the fragility of the Arabs' national security, which is breached from every direction – by Israel and by other forces. So don't blame it all on the Kurds. "The perception of the Kurdish issue involves no small measure of radical nationalism, for there is a strange insistence on merging the various components [of our societies] into an exclusively Arab identity, and on denying the right of non-Arabs to express their national and cultural identity. Whoever lifts up his head and demands his rights is [immediately] accused of serving Israel. Is Israel also behind the referendum in Catalonia? Several days ago, some regions in Italy [likewise] announced their wish to hold a referendum on secession, [but] we did not hear anyone in Italy accusing Israel and Zionism of being behind this move. And what about Britain, whose people voted to leave the European Union? Can Israel, which was created thanks to a British promise [the Balfour Declaration], be behind this as well? If Israel is really motivating the Kurds and pushing them to conspire against the Arab nation, why did the U.S., Israel's number one ally in the world, oppose Israel's will and interests and reject the referendum? "Using this warped national logic, we avoid dealing with our problems in the Arab world. We have made a habit of blaming others for our failure, not only in the Kurdish issue but in all the challenges we have faced, before and since the establishment of Israel. Israel is no doubt the greatest enemy of the nation, but the enemy within is much more dangerous. "In the collapsing countries of the east, as well as in the old democracies, a desire for secession and independence is emerging. This is a great challenge for both the Arab reasoning and the Western reasoning, and confronting it requires creative and innovative thinking."[1] Lebanese Journalist: Why Do All Those Who Fought For The Palestinians' Right Of Self Determination Deny The Same Right To The Kurds? Lebanese journalist and political analyst Hazem Saghiya wrote in his column in the London-based Saudi daily Al-Hayat: "The minute [Kurdish leader] Masoud Barzani announced the decision to hold a referendum [on Kurdish independence], condemnations began to be heard of [the Kurds'] love of Israel: 'you are allies, partners and even agents of Israel.' Some people started digging into history – or even inventing it – in an effort to prove that the situation of the two sides [the Israelis and the Kurds] is identical... [The right to establish] an independent Palestinian state is a right that no reasonable person contests. Ideally, anyone who [demands] rights of his own should support and identify with all the just causes in the world. [But] the political reality does not always [correspond] to this ideal, for in the name of national rights, independence and hostility to Jewish immigration, most Arabs showed solidarity with Hitler and Nazism, and later, in the name of the very same rights, [they also] showed solidarity with the Soviet Gulag regime... These are positions that do not respect people's rights and even undermine them. Moreover, to this day, apologizing for them has not become a prominent part of Arab culture or ideology... "Iraqis who now holler about the friendship between the Kurds and Israel did not hesitate to treat the Palestinians in the worst possible manner. This happened immediately after the 2003 war [in Iraq], and the Iraqis and Palestinians still remember it... We [also] know that, in Syria and Lebanon, the impassioned calls to advance the Palestinian cause coincide with the most despicable treatment of Palestinians. How did the war on the [Palestinian refugee] camps[2] during the 1980s help the Palestinians liberate Palestine?! "The Palestinians' own behavior has not always been characterized by the justice in whose name they constantly speak, for they expressed sympathy for Saddam Hussein's attack on Kuwait and later for Assad's suppression of the Syrian majority that rose up in demand of freedom. They took part in the civil wars in Jordan and Lebanon, and their crimes against the rights of the Lebanese and Jordanians are comparable to the crimes of the Lebanese and Jordanians against their rights... So why are only the Kurds required to remain within the framework of a perfect correspondence between politics and justice? Or perhaps what is permitted to the master is not permitted to his slave?... "As for the Kurds and Israel, the Hebrew state was the only one that welcomed the Kurdish referendum. It probably welcomed it for reasons that were less than noble, having to do entirely with its own [interests], but it did so while others all over the region were [threateningly] baring their teeth at the Kurds. In this situation, can the Kurds be expected to burn the Israeli flag? What have we Arabs done for the Kurds that we can expect them to hate Israel with a passion?... "Moreover, since the Saddam Hussein era, the Palestinian cause has been used more than any other cause [as a means] to undermine the Kurdish issue and the Kurds' right [to independence], just as Bashar Al-Assad later used the Palestinian cause [to combat] the Syrians' [attempts] to oust his regime. Obviously, such conduct leaves psychological effects and scars in its victims, especially when no Palestinian voices are heard loudly condemning and opposing this use [of their cause]. "The obvious conclusion is that, in this region, we have what can be described as a mechanism of blackmail by means of [accusations of collaboration with] Israel. The Lebanese Christians know better than anyone else how they were subjected to such blackmail during the years of Syrian patronage [over Lebanon], and even the Palestinian leadership itself was not spared [this blackmail] when it tried to take its own national decisions, independently of the will of the Assad regime..."[3] Al-Hayat Columnist: The Claims Against The Kurds Have Been Disproved Hazem Al-Amin, another Lebanese columnist for the Saudi daily Al-Hayat, wrote cynically: "The Kurds' celebrations last month [over the referendum results] included waving Israeli flags – which pan-Arab eyes saw and made part of the Kurdish aspiration for independence. [They called the Kurdish state] 'an artificial state that is analogous to Israel.' Those with wounded pan-Arab sentiment have gone too far, [arguing that] not only is the future [Kurdish] state a product of Israel, but that it is also a partner in Tel Aviv's creation of ISIS, and wishes that the 200,000 Kurdish Jews in Israel will return to it. [They say] that the future [Kurdish] state is part of the Zionist plan to dismantle the region into small entities based on ethnicity and sect... "Much can be said against the independence referendum... but it also had an upside, because it made the Arabs expend tremendous energy on writing nonsense, as they haven't done in a long time. [This] revealed that the Ba'th [party], including its branches in Iraq and Syria, is not a random, fleeting phenomenon in the pan-Arab sentiment, but is fundamental; that ISIS is its cousin and suckled the same milk; and that the Arab defeat throughout the conflict with Israel is the result of ignoring the truth. Anyone who says that the Kurds want 200,000 Kurdish Jews to return to Kurdistan from Israel fails to notice that they [the Kurds], by means of their activity that stems from delusions, will in fact restore the situation to what it used to be, and will serve Palestine by correcting the mistake of the pan-Arabism of Rashid 'Ali Al-Kilani[4] and his nationalist Arab cohorts,[5] which motivated them to raid the Jews in Baghdad and send them to Israel with the aid of the Jewish Agency. "While pan-Arabism is forgiven for having abandoned Palestine, the Kurds are not forgiven for waving the Israeli flag at a moment of national intoxication... After all, they are Kurds, and they have no right to anger or mistakes, just as they are not allowed to dream of a state that was taken from them over a century ago. If they make a mistake, then [Hizbullah secretary-general] Mr. [Hassan] Nasrallah will come out to remind them that he will stand against any plan by [any] religious stream that divides the nation – when he [Nasrallah himself] apparently wants to unite [the nation] under the flag of the Rule of the Jurisprudent [of the Iranian regime] that has no connection to any [Sunni] religious stream... "ISIS too, which according to the offspring [of Rashid 'Ali Al-Kilani and Hajj Amin Al-Husseini] sold Iraqi territories to Israel via Kurdish middlemen, found a place in the version [of reality] of the opponents of the Kurdish state. According to the latter, ISIS is not Arab and does not belong to the Ba'th, [but rather] is Kurdish and Israeli. The offspring of Rashid Al-Kilani have in their possession documents proving this, that they sent to Mr. Nasrallah; he will reveal them in his next speech... "The Shi'ite Iraqi forces – once the allies of the Kurds in Iraq, in the post-Saddam era – united in a religious alliance [with Shi'ite Iran] that has no place for the Kurds' aspirations. And lo, they remind the Kurds of the Arabism of Kirkuk [which is actually Kurdish], while forsaking the Arabism of [the Shi'ite] Al-Najaf and of Karbala, and turning [the Sunni] Mosul, after its liberation from ISIS, into an Iranian metropolis. All this does not harm the offspring of Rashid 'Ali Al-Kilani [i.e. the Iraqis], as long as it is done by a strong tyrant [such as Saddam]. But the weak, such as the Kurds, have no right to dream of a state."[6] [1] Al-Ghad (Jordan), October 22, 2017. [2] This refers to a campaign waged by the Amal militia against the Palestinian refugee camps in Lebanon during the civil war in 1985-1986. Thousands of Palestinians were killed in the battles, and the Sabra, Shatila and Burj Al-Barajna refugee camps were almost completely destroyed, although Amal never managed to take over the camps. [3] Al-Hayat (London), October 3, 2017. [4] Iraqi politician Rashid 'Ali Al-Kilani (1892-1965), three-time Iraqi prime minister, led the 1941 rebellion that prompted the British to invade Iraq; in June of that year the Farhud, or pogrom, against the Jews of Baghdad took place. Al-Kilani fled to Nazi Germany, and was known for his connections to the Nazis and to Jerusalem Mufti Hajj Amin Al-Husseini. [5] A reference to the Arab nationalist movement, founded in Beirut in the 1920s. [6] Al-Hayat (London), October 3, 2017. ===BIODIVERSITY=== I am a Palestinian American who is tired of stupid people. I wanted to share a (not exhaustive) list of 50 useful and indisputable facts on the Palestinian-Israeli conflict. FACT No. [#01.] Some Jews are shitty and awful people.!'? FACT No. [#02.] Some Muslims are shitty and awful people.!'? FACT No. [#03.] Some Christians are shitty and awful people.!'?' FACT No.[#04.] Some Arabs are shitty and awful people.!'?' FACT No. [#05.] Some Americans are shitty and awful people.!'?' FACT No. 6. Some Israelis are shitty and awful people.!?' FACT No. 7. Some Palestinians are shitty and awful people.!'? FACT No.[#08.] Not all Jews are Israelis.!'? FACT No.[#09.] Not all Israelis are Jews.!'? FACT No.[#10.] Not all Jews are white.!'? FACT No. [#11.] Not all Israelis are white.!'? FACT No. [#12.] Not all Muslims are Arabs.!'? FACT No. 13. Not all Arabs are Muslim.!'? FACT No. 14. Not all Palestinians are Muslims.!'? FACT No. 15. Not all Arabs are Palestinian.!'? FACT No. 16. Not all Palestinians are Haumaus.!'? FACT No. 17. [[Texans]] are not [[Arizonans]].!'? FACT No. 18. Germans are not Dutch..(The word Dutch comes from a Proto-Germanic word meaning “of the people.” It shares a root with the German word [[Deutsch]], which has led to some confusing names. The name Germans call Germany, for example, is [[Deutschland]] and the people there [[Deutsch]]. [[Dutch]] and German are related, after all, both being Germanic languages.).!'? FACT No. 19. Palestinians are not Jordanians.!'? FACT No. 20. [Egyptians] are not Palestinians.!'? FACT No. 21. Where you are born does not actually determine anything about you.!'? FACT No. 22. Your passport is not your political beliefs. FACT No. 23. Your government is not your morality.!'? FACT No. 24. Not all Jews like the Israeli government.!'? FACT No. 25. Not all Israelis like the Israeli government.!'? FACT No. 26. Not all Palestinians like the Palestinian government. FACT No. 27. Israeli governments have committed acts of terror and violence against the Palestinian people. FACT No. 28. Palestinian organizations have committed acts of terror and violence against the Israeli people.!'? FACT No. 29. US leaders do things that I do not agree with (e.g., 2016–2020). FACT No. 30. Israeli leaders do things that Israelis do not agree with. FACT No. 31. Palestinian leaders do things that Palestinians do not agree with. FACT No. 32. What happened to the Israeli civilians on 10/7 2023* is fucking awful, and Hamas has earned every fucking thing that the Israeli military throws at them. FACT No. 33. What is happening in Gaza to civilians is fucking awful, and not the smartest thing for Israel to do, and some aspects of Israeli military activity may be [[war crimes]], and it doesn’t have to be genocide for it to be tragic.!'? FACT No. 34. You can advocate for Palestine without being a racist, anti-semitic piece of shit.!'? FACT No. 35. You can advocate for Israel without being a racist, anti-Arab piece of shit.!'? FACT No. 36. People like to have sex with each other, and they sometimes procreate with people outside their tribes.! '? FACT No. 37. No one in the Levant is indigenous. Every fucking empire in history has fucked their way through the Levant. There is no pure indigeneity. And let’s be honest: The entire planet has been colonized..by [[Europeans]] Powers..and In Ancient (..hominids from the Great Rift Valley). FACT No. [#38.] Palestinians and Israelis share paternal Bronze Age DNA. Yes, even Ashkenazi Jews.!'?... FACT No. 39. Stop with the fucking history lessons about what the Israelites did, or what the [[OTTOMANS]] did, or what the [[BRITISH]] did, or whatever. It is Fucking "IMPERIAL SHIT" There is a pile of DOG shit in the living room. Instead of arguing about whose DOG took the bigger shit in the living room, maybe focus on how we clean up the dog shit, and maybe we keep the DOGS outside.!'? FACT No. 40. Any people have a right to group together and self-identify as whatever-the-fuck-they-want-to-self-identify as. When they get large enough as a group, those people have the right to self-determination and self-respect and a state where they can control their own destinies. FACT No. 41. Whether you like the idea or not, the Israeli state exists. It will also continue to exist until the ISRAELI people decide they don’t want it to exist. Your opinion on this matter (if you are not Israeli) is fucking immaterial. FACT No. 42. Whether you like the idea or not, a Palestinian state will exist at some point, and it will continue to exist until the PALESTINIAN people decide they don’t want it to exist. Your opinion on this matter (if you are not Palestinian) is fucking immaterial.!'? FACT No. 43. You cannot bomb a people into true submission  —  the Blitz did not soften [[British]] morale.!?'.. FACT No. 44. You cannot fight a war and kill a people’s desire for safety, freedom and self-determination. You can stifle it. You can try to ignore it, but one way or another, you will have to deal with it. This is as true for my Israeli friends as it is for my Palestinian ones. FACT No. 45. The solution to the [[Middle East]] conflict will not be found on Threads, or TikTok, or in the streets of any city that isn’t within a two-hour car ride from downtown Jerusalem.!'? FACT No. 46. If you want to be an ally to Palestinians, please feel free to continue to advocate for peace, security and self-determination, but do it without dehumanizing or stereotyping Israelis and Jews. FACT No. 47. If you want to be an ally to Israelis, please feel free to continue to advocate for peace, security and self-determination, but do it without dehumanizing or stereotyping Palestinians and Muslims and Arabs. FACT No. 48. If you just want to advocate for peace, try to be a voice for reason, and don’t inflame or over-simplify an already chaotic, complicated and deeply emotional issue. Help people find common ground and help bring the temperature down. You can be moral and stand up for what you believe in without being an ASSHOLE.!'?... FACT No. 49. Yes, an amazing one-state liberal democracy where Palestinian boys and girls could fuck Israeli boys and girls and make cute babies, and everybody spoke Hebrew and Arabic and we all agreed that [[hummus]] and [[falafel]] are delicious and Palestinian and sufganiyot are delicious and Israeli would be awesome. But this wonderful future has about as much chance of happening in the near term as this 5’8″ 56'"-year-old Palestinian has being a starter for the [[Golden State Warrior]]s. A two-state solution is the only workable one.!'? FACT No. 50. Hummus is Palestinian. I am immovable on this.!'?' Moe Aa. Hussein is a Palestinian-American creative with a filmmaking background interested in the intersection of experience and technology. This list originally ran on his Medium blog.!'? The Citizen welcomes guest commentary from community members who represent that it is their own work and their own opinion based on true facts that they know firsthand.:. <Ref>https://waleedgohar469.medium.com/a-media-rich-guide-on-facts-about-palestine-70022565965d</Ref>.: <Ref>https://www.historyhit.com/facts-about-the-israeli-palestinian-conflict/</</Ref>.: <Ref>https://www.factretriever.com/israel-facts</Ref>.: 5 Interesting Facts About Palestine (Find Out)! Waleed Gohar Waleed Gohar · Follow 3 min read · Jun 22, 2020 Listen Share Introduction: Palestine is a land which has a lot of things for its readers. This is a land which is located in Asia but there is much more to know, apart from its location. Therefore, let’s dive straight into some facts about Palestine. Is 3G available in Palestine? The 3G services are not available in Palestine apart from a few locations. Why is this? Facts About Palestine (3G Network) This is because the Israeli restrictions do not allow the Palestinian people to have access to the 3G services openly. There has been a conversation about this over the past few years of Palestine National Authority with the Israeli authorities but in vain. The Economy of Palestine: Palestine is a land that is considered unsafe by many people, but is it true? To understand this, first, understand that tourism is an important part of the economy of Palestine. In 2010, 4.6 million people visited Palestine. This is a pretty decent figure for a land that is considered unsafe for many people. Furthermore, the stone industry in Palestine is also a very important part of its economy. To understand how important is the stone industry to Palestine, it is to Palestine as the textile is to Pakistan. And what is textile is to Pakistan? 60% of the exports of Pakistan are based on the cotton textile industries that provide half of the countries employment! The majority of exports of Palestine are to Israel, Jordan, America and some European countries. The National Animal of Palestine: Gazelle is the national animal of Palestine which is known for its speed. The Palestinian government has been trying to protect this creature as it is an important symbol for the Palestinians. Facts About Palestine (Gazelle) Photo by Bas van Brandwijk on Unsplash These beautiful thin creatures are mostly found in Africa and Asia. They resemble deer and they are from the family of goats, sheep and cattle. The dama Gazelle is the largest Gazelle. The National Flower of Palestine: Palestinian poppy is the natural flower of Palestine. This beautiful flower is bright red and the scientific name of the Palestinian Poppy is Anemone coronaria. The flower originally comes from Ranunculaceaefamily (buttercup family). Very fewer flowers have played such an important role in medicine, religion and politics as the poppy. One commonly asked question is that are anemones and poppies same? Although the anemones and poppies belong to a similar flower family, they are not the same thing. The Siege in Gaza: In Gaza, 1.9 million Palestinians are under a brutal siege. The basic human rights have been denied to them and they are constantly exposed to aerial bombing. The political instability and barbarity make Gaza unsafe. The Israeli restrictions in this area are so brutal that the United Nations says that by 2020, the area can be completely inhibited. Conclusion: The facts about Palestine is a very interesting topic. I hope that the article makes sense. Thank You very much for staying with me till the end! <Ref>https://www.memri.org/reports/arab-opposition-to-kurdish-state-hypocritical</Ref>.: "Jabaan" likely refers to the word for "Japan" in the language of the user, which in this case is probably "Swahili" or "Somali", as it is a transliteration of the word "Japan" in these languages. Here's a breakdown: "Jabaan" is a transliteration of "Japan" in Swahili and Somali: The word "Jabaan" is used to refer to the country of Japan in Swahili and Somali. Swahili and Somali are languages spoken in Africa: Swahili is a Bantu language spoken in East Africa, while Somali is an Afro-Asiatic language spoken in the Horn of Africa….!!’?’….!! ==Sido kale fiiri== * [[Unionka Mediterraneanka]] * [[Wadanamaha Jaamacada Carabta Afrika]] * [[Waddnamha Mashriq Jaamacada Carabta]] * https://livingcost.org/ ==10*of the*Most*Endangered Species in Africa== BY OLIVIA LAI AFRICA JUN 27TH 2022/23 EARTH.ORG IS POWERED BY OVER 150 CONTRIBUTING WRITERS 10 of the Most Endangered Species in Africa Africa, the world’s second-largest and second-most populous continent, is wonderfully rich in biodiversity. Thanks to its equally rich natural landscapes and biomes, ranging from arid deserts and savannahs to tropical rainforests and ice-capped mountains, Africa supports about a quarter of the planet’s animal and plant species. But delayed industrialisation and development, human activities such as deforestation – 4 million hectares of African forests are cut down annually, almost double the speed than the global average deforestation rate – and prolonged conflicts have had a devastating impact on wildlife on the continent. All these are being fuelled further by climate change. These are just some of the most endangered species in Africa that are in dire need of protection and conservation, before it’s too late. — ===10*Most*Endangered*Species*in Africa.!!=== [#01.]Black Rhino..!!’?’…!!’?’…!!’ Otherwise known as the hook-lipped rhino, the black rhino is one of two species of rhinoceros native to Africa (the other being the white rhino). Due to rampant poaching to meet a global demand for rhinoceros horn, wildlife trading and trophy hunting, black rhino populations have been decimated and has driven a subspecies, the Western black rhino (Diceros bicornis longipes), to extinction in 2011. Today, there are just over 5,600 individuals left of the critically endangered animal and are limited to just four countries: South Africa, Namibia, Zimbabwe and Kenya. As a keystone species, meaning that they hold a significant role within an ecosystem, there have been major efforts to protect and recover population numbers, including greater habitat protection and monitoring systems, as well as harsher fines and sentences for rhino poachers. [#02.]African Elephant.!!’?’!!’?… In the 1970s, Africa was home to 1.3 million elephants. Today, that number has plummeted down to less than 30,000 in the wild. Much like rhinos, elephants have been heavily targeted and poached throughout history due to the ivory trade; ivory tusks were treated as a valuable commodity and a status symbol. As a result, around 90% of African elephants have been wiped out in the past century. Though much of the world has since banned elephant ivory trading, most notably China, illegal poaching and trading still persist. But with significant conservation efforts, countries like Kenya have been experiencing a baby boom in elephants, more than doubling the population in 30 years. But other major threats to the species remain: human-wildlife conflict fuelled by human population growth and urban expansion, and climate change-induced droughts. Your Contribution Makes a Difference Every donation counts in our fight against climate change. Join us in making a real impact by supporting our research, data analysis, and policy solutions. DONATE TODAY…!!’?’ endangered species africa [#03].Gorilla..!!’?’..!!’?’.. There are two species of gorillas, the Eastern gorilla and the Western gorilla, both of which are native to Africa and listed as Critically Endangered on the International Union for Conservation of NatureRed List. A combination of factors have pushed the animal to such a dire situation, including poaching, habitat loss from logging and agricultural development, human conflict, and diseases. In fact, one of the two subspecies of the Western gorilla, the Cross River gorilla that lives in the Cameroon-Nigeria border region, saw its population plummet to about 200-300 adults. Population recovery efforts can be also slow and difficult due to their low reproductive rate, with females only giving birth every four to six years – females also only breed three or four times in her lifetime. [#04.]Saharan Cheetah.!!’?’!!’?’… This endangered cat (but not a ‘Big Cat’) has been pushed to the brink of extinction due to significant habitat loss, forcing the animal to be limited to 10% of its historical range. Its remaining small populations can now only be found in Algeria and Niger, and isolated pockets across the Sahara and Sahel from Mali in the west to the Central African Republic in the east.​ Additionally, hunting by a growing local population in the region and reduced prey such as sheep and gazelle from the agricultural explosion have also contributed to Saharan cheetah’s population decline to fewer than 250 individuals. endangered species in Africa Photo credit: EO Photographer Josh R. [#05.]African Wild Dog..!!’?’…!!’? Also known as the African painted dog or the African hunting dog, this critically endangered species in Africa is also the second most endangered carnivore in the continent. As wild dogs are highly social animals, gathering and travelling packs, they’re incredibly sensitive to habitat changes and fragmentation, which have been significantly reduced over the past few decades. Illegally poaching and wildlife trading is rife across African countries, and many African dogs were caught as bycatch in snares targeted for other animals like antelopes. Despite their impressive speeds – they reach speeds of more than 44 miles per hour – the species has not been able to run away from other threats like human conflicts over livestock, infectious diseases like rabies and distemper, and competition with larger predators like lions due to shrinking habitats. The largest populations are mostly in southern Africa – where there are less than 550 individuals in the wild – and the southern part of East Africa including Tanzania and northern Mozambique. Though snare hunting has been made illegal on nationally proclaimed wildlife reserves in South Africa, far more conservation efforts are needed to protect this rare mammal. You might also like: Is the Sahara Desert Growing? [#06.]African Penguin…!!’?’…!!’?’… There’s a common misconception that penguins are native only to the Arctic when in fact, there’s a well-known nesting penguin species that breeds in Africa, or more specifically, Namibia and South Africa. Unfortunately, the population of the African penguin is dwindling fast as a result of habitat loss and destruction, overfishing to meet global commercial demand, oil spills and marine pollution – the bird’s range encompass many global trading and oil transport routes – as well as warming ocean temperatures. The species has lost about 95% of its population since pre-industrial times to about 14,700 pairs, based on 2021 estimates. In addition, guano harvests – accumulated excrement of seabirds and bats is a highly sought-after fertiliser – eliminated their preferred nesting substrate, leaving them exposed to predators, heat stress, flooding and sea-level rise. <Ref>https://earth.org/endangered-species-in-africa/</Ref>.:: endangered species in the desert, north african ostrich…!!’?’ [#07.]North African Ostrich..!!’ The North African ostrich is the largest bird on Earth. Historically, it was distributed across the entire Sahara desert, spreading across 18 countries. Today, they’re only found in Cameroon, Chad, Central African Republic and Senegal. This flightless bird has been heavily targeted over the past 50 years; their feathers, meat and egg are deemed valuable in the wildlife trading market. Much like most of the animals on this list, the ostrich has suffered from habitat loss from human expansion and desertification – a process by which lands become infertile – causing increased food competition with other livestock and larger animals. Since being identified in the IUCN red list, a number of conservation efforts have been underway to help restore the species, from introducing more ostriches to Senegal and habitat rehabilitation to improving livestock fencing and management. [#08.]Dama Gazelle..!!’?’…!!’?’ The dama gazelle now lives only about 1% of its historical range, and is found primarily in the countries of Chad and Sudan. Despite its preference for arid territories, desertification and worsening droughts from climate change have caused major habitat loss and fragmentation, as well as reduced vegetation for gazelle to feed from – thus increased competition with human and livestock. Prolonged wars in the region have also exacerbated all these aforementioned factors. Today, fewer than 400 individuals are left in the wild. [#09.] Egyptian Tortoise..!!’?’…!!’ Another Saharan Desert native and the smallest species of tortoises – no longer than 10cm in length at maturity, the Egyptian tortoise is all but extinct from its original habitat due to the loss of habitat from agriculture and expansion of tourism, and most notably, from illegal pet trading. According to the IUCN Red List, the total Egyptian tortoise population is estimated to be around 7,470, but as they are not legally protected in Libya – where the species is mostly found – they are highly vulnerable to further population decline. Despite ongoing captive breeding programmes efforts to reintroduce Egyptian tortoises to the wild, they have mostly been slow and relatively unsuccessful. [#10.] Sahara Aphanius..!!’?’…!!’ This tiny freshwater pupfish, measuring only less than two inches long, can be found nowhere else in the world except for the Sahara Desert in the Oued Saoura river basin near Mazzer, Algeria. Agricultural development, which has caused significant groundwater contamination and excessive water withdrawal, and increasingly frequent and prolonged droughts, have severely impacted the aquatic vegetation that the species depend upon. This includes zooplankton and algae. The freshwater fish remains to be listed as critically endangered on the IUCN Red List. Aside from these endangered species in Africa, you might also like: 10 of the World’s Most Endangered Animals in 2022/2023*.!! 알자지라의 미단 보이스 [[인터넷 채널]]: 유대인이 만들어내고 통제하고 있습니다("..모든 것이 2초 안에 움직입니다..") [[할리우드]]; [[CNN]]; 포르노 산업을 오염시키기 위해 "..[[미국인]]..!!.."과 "...[[기독교인]]...!!'?'" 가치관을...!!'?'... aljajilaui midan boiseu [[inteones chaeneol]]: yudaein-i mandeul-eonaego tongjehago issseubnida("..modeun geos-i 2cho an-e umjig-ibnida..") [[halliudeu]]; [[CNN]]; poleuno san-eob-eul oyeomsikigi wihae "..[[migug-in]]..!!.."gwa "...[[gidoggyoin]]...!!'?'" gachigwan-eul...!!'?'... ==The Most Endangered Animals in Africa== By H. Nimmo. Africa is blessed with a stunning variety of wildlife – it has more species of charismatic megafauna than any other continent. However, sadly, with ever expanding human populations and their increasing demand for land, food and water, exacerbated by poaching, more and more species are becoming endangered. However, thanks to the foresight of conservationists past and present, many of the most endangered animals in Africa are being protected in reserves and national parks. Below is a list of some of the most endangered species in Africa and where you stand a chance of seeing them. =10,441 "African Safaris"= [#01.]Ethiopian’s..!.. Ethiopian wolf..!!’?’…!!’?’… The Ethiopian wolf is Africa’s most endangered carnivore and the continent’s only wolf species. It is a handsome rusty red jackal-like dog and, as the name suggests, it is endemic to Ethiopia’s It is endangered due to loss of habitat to farmland and due to diseases caught from domestic dogs. Best place to see Ethiopian wolf: Bale Mountain National Park, Ethiopia [#02.]Pangolin Pangolin..!!’?’…!!’ The poor pangolin has the dubious honor of being the most illegally trafficked species in Africa, as its scales are used in traditional medicine in Asia. Most people have never heard of a pangolin, let alone seen one … and sadly it is feared they are on a fast-track to extinction. Pangolins are now one of the most endangered animals in Africa. These delightful, gentle creatures are armour-plated and roll into a ball to defend themselves – unfortunately a poor defence against humans. Pangolins feed on ants and termites with their long sticky tongues, and the mother carries her young infant on her back. They are the holy grail of wildlife sightings for many tourists and indeed safari guides, such is their rarity. I must confess the first time I saw a pangolin in the wild, I was moved to tears – part joy and part sadness at just how vulnerable they are. Best place to see a pangolin: in winter at Tswalu Private Game Reserve, South Africa [#03.] Black Rhino Black Rhino…!!’?’…!!’?’…. Black rhinos are actually grey in color and are distinguished from white rhinos by their pointed, prehensile upper lip, whereas white rhinos have square lips. Black rhino calves usually follow their mother – whereas white rhino calves often trot along in front. Black rhinos are largely solitary and are browsers rather than grazers – hence their hooked lip. Black rhinos are classified as Critically Endangered, as they have been decimated by poaching for their horn. The most recent numbers estimate less than 5000 in 2010, however, numbers are likely to have decreased further since then, despite valiant conservation efforts. Best places to see black rhino: Ngorogoro Crater, Tanzania Etosha National Park, Namibia Damaraland, Namibia Matobo National Park, Zimbabwe [#04.] White Rhino White Rhino…!!’?’…!!’?’… It is sad that, after successful conservation efforts increased their numbers dramatically in the 1960’s, once again, white rhino has become one of the most endangered animals in Africa. This is due to illegal poaching to satisfy the increased demand for their horn by Asian markets. Valiant conservation efforts are once again underway to save the white rhino, and South Africa is still its stronghold. The white rhino is larger than the black rhino and has square lips for grazing. Best places to see white rhino: Kruger National Park, South Africa uMkhuze Game Reserve, South Africa Hluhluwe-iMfolozi Game Reserve, South Africa Sabi Sand Game Reserve, South Africa [#05.]Mountain Gorilla Mountain Gorilla..!!’?’…!!’?’… Although mountain gorillas are still considered one of the most endangered animals in Africa, the good news is that their numbers are actually on the increase. An encounter with mountain gorillas should be on everyone’s bucket list. Although it is an expensive trip, believe me, it is worth every dollar! You will never forget the hour you spend with these gentle giants. It is your tourist dollars that are helping to protect and conserve the mountain gorillas and their forests – another reason to visit.!! Best place to see mountain gorillas: Bwindi National Park, Uganda [#06.]African Wild Dog? African Wild Dog…!!’?’…!!’?’ Previously viewed as vermin, thankfully the African wild dog has had a very good PR makeover over the last few years and has now become one of the most wished-for safari sightings. Sightings on safari are often by luck, as the dogs cover huge distances in search of prey, and it is only when they are denning (usually the dry season months) that they remain in the same place for a few weeks. Personally they are my favorite animal to see on safari, as they are such sociable carnivores. It is a privilege to watch their frenzied “greeting ceremony”, when they are getting to get ready to hunt – making all sorts of un-dog-like chittering and chirping noises. African wild dogs require huge ranges and consequently habitat fragmentation has caused their decline. Other threats include diseases from domestic dogs, persecution by livestock farmers, road accidents and incidental snaring. Best places to see African wild dog: Mana Pools National Park, Zimbabwe Hwange National Park, Zimbabwe Madikwe Game Reserve, South Africa Linyanti Concession, Botswana Selinda Concession, Botswana [#07.] African Penguin African Penguin…!!’?’…!!’?’ For visitors to Cape Town, it is hard to imagine that the African penguin is one of the most endangered species in Africa. They are easy to see at Boulders Bay on the Cape Peninsula, where there is a visitor centre and boardwalk past their nests. However, sadly, African penguin numbers have plummeted in recent years due to depleted fish stocks from over fishing and fish stocks moving further west due to climate change. The African penguin is also at risk from oil spills. This is the only penguin species breeding in Africa, and they are easily recognisable by their dapper black and white plumage and jack-ass braying call. Best place to see African penguins: Cape Point, South Africa [#08.] Rothschild’s…Giraffe Rothschild’s giraffe…!!’?’…!!… The giraffe is one of Africa’s most recognisable and iconic animals and the tallest land mammal. While giraffes are commonly seen on safari, people are unaware that the numbers of these majestic animals are crashing dramatically outside of protected areas due to habitat loss, illegal hunting and human-wildlife conflict. There are nine subspecies of giraffe, each confined to specific regions of Africa. The Rothschild’s giraffe is now listed as one of the most endangered animals in Africa – in 2010 there were thought to be less than 670 individuals. It is found in western Kenya and eastern Uganda and it has broader dividing white lines than the reticulated giraffe and no spotting below the knees. Best places to see Rothschild’s giraffes: Lake Nakuru National Park, Kenya Murchison Falls National Park, Uganda Kidepo Vally National Park, Uganda Lake Mburo National Park, Uganda [#09.] Hooded Vulture Hooded vulture..!!’?’ Vultures are a critical component in the African landscape but their numbers are plummeting due to increased poisoning incidents. Without vultures clearing carcasses, there is a risk in the increase of disease – as has happened in India, where they have lost 95% of their vultures. The hooded vulture is now one of the most endangered species in Africa – recently upgraded to Critically Endangered. They are easy to distinguish from other vultures by their small size and thin hooked bill. Best places to see hooded vultures: Moremi National Park, Botswana Kruger National Park, South Africa Hwange National Park, Zimbabwe [#10.] Chimpanzee Chimpanzee…!!’?’ When you look into the eyes of a wild chimpanzee, it is easy to understand that this is man’s closest relative – we share 98% of the same genes. Their behavior is distinctively human-like too. Tracking chimpanzees in the wild is one of the most exciting safari activities – it really does feel like you are in the middle of your very own wildlife documentary. Chimpanzees are classified as one of the most endangered animals in Africa – the biggest threat to their survival is habitat loss and an increasing demand for bushmeat…!!’? Best places to see chimpanzees: Gombe National Park, Tanzania Mahale Mountains National Park, Tanzania Kibale National Park, Uganda Want To Go on an African Safari? Click on the button below to compare African safaris offered by top-rated tour operators. 10,441 African Safaris *<ref>https://www.statista.com/statistics/806135/gdp-of-the-arab-world/</ref>. * <ref>https://www.languagetrainers.co.uk/blog/8-fascinating-facts-about-arab-culture/</ref>. * https://en.idi.org.il/articles/38540 * https://www.japantimes.co.jp/tag/saudi-arabia/ * https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8 * https://www.worlddata.info/languages/#google_vignette * https://www.visualcapitalist.com/the-tech-giants-worth-compared-economies-countries// * https://www.arabnews.com/node/1823401/saudi-arabia <Ref>https://www.worlddata.info/languages/arabic.php</Ref> <Ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/most-educated-countries</Ref>.: <Ref>https://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/world-university-rankings/2020</Ref>.: * https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/10-countries-with-the-best-education-systems.html * 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https://www.goodcountry.org/index/your-questions/countries-included/youve-left-out-a-number-of-territories-nations-why-is-this/ *<ref>https://visaindex.com/country/indonesia-passport-ranking/</ref> *<ref>https://industryarabic.com/arabic-facts-statistics/</ref>. <Ref>https://www.xe.com/popularity.php</Ref>.:• <Ref>https://www.eurosport.com/football/serie-a/2024-2025/standings.shtml</Ref>.: *<Ref>https://www.globalizationpartners.com/2016/06/30/10-facts-about-arab-culture-infographic/#:~:text=The%20Arab%20world%20stretches%20across,various%20ethnic%20and%20religious%20backgrounds.</ref>. <Ref>https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/7/14/some-300-children-drowned-trying-to-reach-europe-so-far-this-year</ref>.: * https://theculturetrip.com/middle-east/iran/articles/how-did-iran-get-its-name/ {{Wayback|url=https://theculturetrip.com/middle-east/iran/articles/how-did-iran-get-its-name/ |date=20220530164249 }} {{Wayback|url=https://theculturetrip.com/middle-east/iran/articles/how-did-iran-get-its-name/ |date=20220530164249 }} {{Wayback|url=https://theculturetrip.com/middle-east/iran/articles/how-did-iran-get-its-name/ |date=20220530164249 }} * https://www.4icu.org/top-universities-africa/ '!!`{{Dead link|date=Bisha Sagaalaad 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} * https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/countries-never-colonized {{Wayback|url=https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/e/European_Union.htm |date=20220819192938 }} * https://www.cfr.org/backgrounder/what-know-about-arab-citizens-israel * https://www.middleeasteye.net/news/iran-iraq-power-centres-creating-havoc.: {{Wayback|url= https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Family_tree_of_Muhammad#:~:text=This%20family%20tree%20is%20about,Ishmael%20through%20the%20Hashim%20tribe.|date=20220707081051 }} * https://www.sporcle.com/blog/2019/03/what-countries-are-transcontinental/ {{Wayback|url=https://www.sporcle.com/blog/2019/03/what-countries-are-transcontinental/ |date=20240614155515 }} * https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2021/02/335958/morocco-exposes-polisario-algerias-propaganda-in-letter-to-un/ * https://themuslim500.com/book-reviews-2023.html {{Wayback|url=https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/a/Arabic_language.htm |date=20220920172709 }} {{Wayback|url=https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/arab-countries.:•{{Dead link|date=Bisha Koobaad 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Shanaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Shanaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Shanaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Shanaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Afraad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Afraad 2026 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Labaad 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Labaad 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Labaad 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Labaad 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Labaad 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Koobaad 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Koobaad 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Koobaad 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Koobaad 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Koobaad 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} 271ogmgdh2p1tjrrahqsl38flldjd9w 0 4925 297122 199927 2026-05-11T02:34:00Z Maxmud Roble 45571 Qoral koban 297122 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Qeexitaan Degmada Bitaale''' Degmada Bitaale waxay katirsantahay Gobolka Mudug ee Dawlad Goboleedka Galmudug waxayna dhacdaa konton (50km) kilomitir Wuqooyi Bari magaalada Gaalkacyo. Waxaa hoos yimaada deeganada la’isku yiraahdo Caduun oo kakooban in kabdan shan iyo toban (15) magaalo iyo tuulo, laga bilaabo Qorqoora iyo Dhag-kamaqal ilaa Qaydarre, Dhuure ilaa Godod. Astaanta rasmiga ah ee Degamadu waa mida ku qoran bogga hore ee xeerkan, oo u sameysan, Calanka Galmudug oo lagu kordhiyey Bil, geesahana uga xardhanyihiin Caleemo Doog ah. Astaantaas ayaana loo isticmaalidoona in lagu asteeyo waraaqaha rasmiga ee loo qorayo maamulka Gobolka, Wasaaradaha iyo Hay’adaha caalamiga ah iyo kuwa gudaha I.W.M. <br />'''Hordhaca Magaalada Bitaale''' Bitaale waa magaalo ku taalla bariga magaalada Galkacyo ee gobolka Mudug, Soomaaliya. Magaalada waxay u jirtaa qiyaastii 30 mayl (45 kiiloomitir) magaalada Galkacyo, waxayna kamid tahay deegaanada sida tartiib-tartiibka ah u kobcaya ee gobolka Mudug.<ref>Tusaalooyin kale: Taariikhda magaalada Ceelkii riigga ahaa ee 1974</ref> Tirada dadka ku nool magaalada waxaa lagu qiyaasaa ku dhowaad 900 qoys, ama qiyaastii 4,500 oo qof. Bulshada magaalada ayaa u badan dad ku nool ganacsi yar-yar, xoolo dhaqasho, iyo adeegyo bulshada la xiriira. Magaalada Bitaale waxay leedahay xarumo kala duwan oo muhiim u ah adeegyada bulshada iyo horumarka deegaanka. Adeegyadaas waxaa kamid ah laba ceel biyood oo bulshada iyo xooluhuba isticmaalaan, iskuul waxbarasho, xarun caafimaad, xarunta maamulka iyo bulshada, iyo hool weyn oo loogu talagalay shirarka, munaasabadaha, iyo kulamada bulshada. Magaalada ayaa sidoo kale caan ku ah dadaallada ay bulshada deegaanka ku bixisay horumarinta waxbarashada, nabadda, iyo adeegyada bulshada, taasoo ka dhigtay mid kamid ah magaalooyinka soo koraya ee gobolka Mudug.{{Magaalooyinka Gobolka Mudug}} 7eshk98imp21dcly73mjcxtfdp7kkbf 297123 297122 2026-05-11T02:34:52Z Maxmud Roble 45571 297123 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Qeexitaan Degmada Bitaale''' Degmada Bitaale waxay katirsantahay Gobolka Mudug ee Dawlad Goboleedka Galmudug waxayna dhacdaa konton (50km) kilomitir Wuqooyi Bari magaalada Gaalkacyo. Waxaa hoos yimaada deeganada la’isku yiraahdo Caduun oo kakooban in kabdan shan iyo toban (15) magaalo iyo tuulo, laga bilaabo Qorqoora iyo Dhag-kamaqal ilaa Qaydarre, Dhuure ilaa Godod. Astaanta rasmiga ah ee Degamadu waa mida ku qoran bogga hore ee xeerkan, oo u sameysan, Calanka Galmudug oo lagu kordhiyey Bil, geesahana uga xardhanyihiin Caleemo Doog ah. Astaantaas ayaana loo isticmaalidoona in lagu asteeyo waraaqaha rasmiga ee loo qorayo maamulka Gobolka, Wasaaradaha iyo Hay’adaha caalamiga ah iyo kuwa gudaha I.W.M. <br />'''Hordhaca Magaalada Bitaale''' Bitaale waa magaalo ku taalla bariga magaalada Galkacyo ee gobolka Mudug, Soomaaliya. Magaalada waxay u jirtaa qiyaastii 30 mayl (45 kiiloomitir) magaalada Galkacyo, waxayna kamid tahay deegaanada sida tartiib-tartiibka ah u kobcaya ee gobolka Mudug.<ref>Tusaalooyin kale: Taariikhda magaalada Ceelkii riigga ahaa ee 1974</ref> Tirada dadka ku nool magaalada waxaa lagu qiyaasaa ku dhowaad 900 qoys, ama qiyaastii 4,500 oo qof. Bulshada magaalada ayaa u badan dad ku nool ganacsi yar-yar, xoolo dhaqasho, iyo adeegyo bulshada la xiriira. Magaalada Bitaale waxay leedahay xarumo kala duwan oo muhiim u ah adeegyada bulshada iyo horumarka deegaanka. Adeegyadaas waxaa kamid ah laba ceel biyood oo bulshada iyo xooluhuba isticmaalaan, iskuul waxbarasho, xarun caafimaad, xarunta maamulka iyo bulshada, iyo hool weyn oo loogu talagalay shirarka, munaasabadaha, iyo kulamada bulshada. Magaalada ayaa sidoo kale caan ku ah dadaallada ay bulshada deegaanka ku bixisay horumarinta waxbarashada, nabadda, iyo adeegyada bulshada, taasoo ka dhigtay mid kamid ah magaalooyinka soo koraya ee gobolka Mudug. '''Taariikhda Magaalada Bitaale''' Bitaale waa magaalo ku taalla gobolka Mudug, waxaana la rumeysan yahay in degitaankeedii ugu horreeyey uu billowday qiyaastii sanadkii 1910. Bilowgii hore deegaanka waxaa laga qoday ceelal biyood oo loo yaqaanay “Garsaalayaal”, kuwaas oo ku yaallay meel qiyaastii laba kiiloomitir u jirta halka ay maanta magaalada ka dhisan tahay. Ceelashaasi waxay ahaayeen ilihii ugu horreeyey ee biyaha laga helo, taasoo sababtay in dad iyo xoolo ay kusoo hirtaan deegaanka. Markii dambe waxaa deegaanka ka hanaqaaday ganacsiyo yaryar oo isugu jiray maqaayado iyo dukaamo badeecooyin kala duwan lagu iibiyo. Taas ayaa horseeday in deegaanka si tartiib-tartiib ah ay dadku u soo degaan, isla markaana uu isu beddelo degsiimo joogto ah. Sidoo kale waxaa halkaas laga furay dugsiyaal diini ah oo door weyn ka qaatay waxbarashada bulshada deegaanka. Dadka ugu magaca dheeraa ee magaalada soo degay waxaa ka mid ahaa Sheekh Maxamed Kulyi, oo lagu xusuusto inuu magaalada kusoo kordhiyey arrimo muhiim ah sida beerista geedaha iyo dhiirrigelinta waxbarashada. Waxaa kale oo kamid ahaa culimadii caanka ahayd Sheekh Cali Cilmi Yare, oo door weyn ku lahaa fidinta diinta iyo barbaarinta bulshada. Ceelkii ugu horreeyey ee riig ah ee rasmi ahaan laga qodo magaalada waxaa la qoday sanadkii 1974 xilligii dowladdii kacaanka Soomaaliya. Ceelkaas waxaa gacanta ku hayey nin lagu magacaabi jiray Cilmi Dheere, waxaana uu door muhiim ah ka qaatay helitaanka biyo joogto ah oo bulshada iyo xoolahaba ay isticmaalaan. Dhanka maamulka, magaalada ma lahayn maamul rasmi ah ilaa sanadkii 1994, markaas oo loo magacaabay guddoomiyihii ugu horreeyey ee magaalada, Marxuum SNA Maxamed Farax Ceysi “Siciid Soofiye”. Wuxuu xilka hayey ilaa geeridiisii sanadkii 1998. Kadib waxaa xilka la wareegay Daynab Soofiye oo ay walaalo ahaayeen Siciid Soofiye, wuxuuna sii hayey maamulka ilaa bishii Agoosto 2016. Bishii Agoosto 2016 ayaa magaalada waxaa ka dhacday doorashadii ugu horreysay ee rasmi ah, waxaana lagu doortay Cabdikhaabir Maxamed Shire inuu noqdo guddoomiyaha magaalada. Wuxuu xilka hayey ilaa Janaayo 2020, markaas oo loo doortay Cabdi Aadan Gurey inuu noqdo guddoomiyaha cusub ee magaalada. Sanadkii 2023, gaar ahaan bishii Febraayo, ayaa dadka deegaanka doorteen guddoomiye cusub oo lagu magacaabo Muxyadiin Sheekh Cabdi Kaade. Isla waqtigaasna dhinaca magaalada Galkacyo waxaa kasoo magacaabmay guddoomiye kale oo lagu magacaabo Cabdinaasir Cawil Xaashi. Kadib is-afgarad iyo wadahadallo dheer oo dhexmaray dhinacyada kala duwan, waxaa lagu heshiiyey in Muxyadiin uu tanaasulo, sidaasna waxaa guddoomiyenimada magaalada ku sii hayey Cabdinaasir Cawil Xaashi ilaa waqtigan hadda la joogo. '''Horumarka Adeegyada Bulshada ee Magaalada Bitaale''' Dhanka horumarka bulshada iyo adeegyada aasaasiga ah, Bitaale waxaa ka hirgalay mashaariic kala duwan oo door weyn ka qaatay koboca magaalada iyo adeegyada bulshada. Sanadkii 1998 waxaa magaalada laga dhisay Iskuulka Bitaale, kaas oo noqday iskuulkii ugu horreeyey ee waxbarasho rasmi ah laga hirgeliyo deegaanka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, iskuulkaasi waxa uu wajahday dhibaatooyin iyo hakad ku yimid waxbarashadiisa sanadkii 2003, kadib markii ay saameeyeen xaalado iyo duruufo ka jiray deegaanka xilligaas. Markii dambe, sanadkii 2003, waxaa mar kale laga dhisay magaalada iskuul cusub oo ku yaallay dhinaca galbeed ee magaalada, si dib loogu soo nooleeyo adeegyada waxbarashada loona daboolo baahida sii kordheysa ee bulshada. Sanadkii 2005 waxaa magaalada laga hirgeliyey xarun caafimaad oo ka koobnayd saddex qol. Xaruntaasi waxay lahayd qol loogu talagalay adeegyada dhalmada, laba qol oo loogu adeego bukaannada iyo xaaladaha degdegga ah, iyo sidoo kale qol farmashiye ah. Xaruntan caafimaad ayaa ahayd adeegii caafimaad ee ugu horreeyey ee rasmi ah oo bulshada deegaanka hesho.{{Magaalooyinka Gobolka Mudug}} srjqmv9cho64mr7v8e1ltoh6jivtup7 0 7176 297130 296836 2026-05-11T05:18:25Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 297130 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Westernsaharamap.png|thumb|right|300px|]] '''Saxaraha Galbeed''' (/ - səhɑːrə, -hærə / (Ku dhawaad ​​codka dhegaysiga); Carabi: الصحراء الغربية aṣ-Ṣaḥrā 'al-Gharbīyah, luqadaha [[Berber]]: Taneẓroft Tutrimt, Spanish iyo Faransiis: Sahara Occidental) Waa maamul ku yaala Galbeedka Afrika waxa uu maamulkani haystaa maamul hoosaad boqortooyada [[Marooko]] lakin hada waxa uu haystaa madax banaani xadidan ilaa sanadii 1976.<ref>{{cite web|author=|title=Muxuu yahay Saxaraha Galbeed oo ay mowqifkeeda ka soo saartay Dowladda Soomaaliya.?|work=|publisher=hiiraanweyn|location=Somalia|year=|url=https://www.hiiraanweyn.net/muxuu-yahay-saxaraha-galbeed-oo-ay-mowqifkeeda-ka-soo-saartay-dowladda-soomaaliya/|date=2025-12-07|accessdate=2026-04-29}}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Shanaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Galbeedka Sahara xuduuda Gobolka Maghreb ee Waqooyiga Afrika, oo qayb ahaan ay gacanta ku hayaan Polisario iyo qayb ahaan Morocco, oo xuduud u leh [[Morocco]] oo ku habboon waqooyiga, Aljeeriya woqooyi, Mauritania ilaa bari iyo koonfur, iyo Badweynta Atlantic xagga galbeed. Goobta dusha sare waxay u dhigantaa 266,000 kilomitir square (103,000 sq m). Waa mid ka mid ah dhulalka ugu caansan ee ku nool adduunka, oo badiba ka kooban dhulalka dhulgariirka. Dadweynaha waxaa lagu qiyaasay in ka badan 500,000, taas oo ku dhawaad ​​40% ku noolaa magaalada Laayoune, oo ah magaalada ugu weyn ee galbeedka Sahara. Isagoo kaashanaya Spain ilaa qarnigii 20aad, Galbeedka Galbeedka wuxuu ku jiray liiska Qaramada Midoobay ee dhulal aan dawli ahayn tan iyo 1963 markii uu dalbaday Morocco. Waa dalka ugu badan ee ku yaal liiskaas, iyo illaa inta ugu badan ee degaanka. 1965-kii, Golaha Guud ee QM ayaa ansixiyay go'aankii ugu horreeyay ee Sahra Galbeed, isaga oo Spain weydiistay inuu xayiraad ku soo celiyo dhulka. Hal sanno ka dib, xal cusub ayaa la ansaxiyay Golaha Guud oo codsanaya in afti loo qaado af-soomaaliga oo is-xukun leh. Sanadkii 1975kii, [[Spain]] waxay ka tanaasushay xukunka maamul ee dhulka si ay u maamulaan maamul ay wadaagaan Morocco (kuwaas oo si rasmi ah u sheegtay dhulkii ilaa 1957) iyo Mauritania Dagaal ayaa ka qarxay dalalkaas iyo dhaqdhaqaaqa millatari ee Sahrawi, oo ka tirsan Ciidamadda Booliska, kaas oo ku dhawaaqay Jamhuuriyadda Dimuqraadiga ee Sahrawi (SADR) oo ay dawladdu kula wareegtay masaafurintii Tindouf, [[Algeria]]. Mauritania waxay sheegatay sheegashadeeda 1979-kii, Morocco waxay ugu dambeyntii xaqiijisay xakamaynta dhabta ah ee badi degaanka, oo ay ku jiraan magaalooyinka waaweyn iyo kheyraadka dabiiciga ah. [[Qaramada Midoobay]] waxay tixgelinaysaa Booliiska Polisario inay noqdaan wakiilka sharciga ah ee dadka reer Srrawi, wuxuuna ku adkeeyaa in Sahrawisku xaq u leeyahay inuu iskiis u go'aamiyo. {{Dalalka Afrika}} ==Warka== * https://www.dailysabah.com/world/mid-east/morocco-suspends-contact-with-german-embassy-over-western-sahara * https://www.theafricareport.com/69335/morocco-algeria-western-sahara-conflict-shows-signs-of-escalation/ * https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20210228-western-sahara-returns-to-european-court-of-justice * https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2021/02/336072/world-leaders-send-biden-letter-supporting-us-western-sahara-recognition/ * https://www.hrw.org/news/2020/12/18/western-sahara-morocco-cracks-down-activists * https://www.france24.com/en/africa/20201212-algeria-slams-foreign-manoeuvres-over-us-brokered-deal-on-w-sahara ==Tixraacyada== <references/> [[Category:Afrika]] 0krdnpevtwaqikuwzt96h1sabuf98ds 0 17345 297120 224084 2026-05-11T01:13:38Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 297120 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Denzel Washington | image = Denzel Washington 2018.jpg | caption = Mudane Washington sanadkii 2018 | birth_name = Denzel Hayes Washington, Jr. | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|mf=yes|1954|12|28}} | birth_place = [[New York|Mount Vernon, New York]], [[Maraykanka]] | occupation = Atoore, filim sameeye | years_active = 1974 ilaa hada | spouse = Pauletta Pearson (ilaa 1983) | children = 4 | alma_mater = [[Jaamacad|Fordham University]] }} '''Denzel Hayes Washington, Jr.''' (dhashay Disembar 28, 1954) waa [[atoore]], [[filim]]sameeye [[Maraykan]] ah. Xirfada jilitaankiisa oo sareeysa darteed ayaa Mudane Denzel wuxuu ku guuleystay labo jeer abaal-marinta [[Golden Globe]], Abaalmarinta Tony,<ref>{{cite news |url=http://newsfeed.time.com/2010/06/14/denzel-washington-moves-one-step-closer-to-an-egot |title=Five Ways Denzel Can Achieve His EGOT Dream |publisher=Newsfeed.time.com |date=June 14, 2010 |accessdate=2011-08-14 |archive-date=2019-10-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191027155504/http://newsfeed.time.com/2010/06/14/denzel-washington-moves-one-step-closer-to-an-egot/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> iyo labo jeer oo ah abaalmarinta [[Academy Awards]]: mid ahaan wuxuu ugu guuleystay atooraha labaad ee ugu fiicnaa filimka ''Glory (1989)'' iyo atooraha koowaad ee ugu fiicnaa filimka khiyaanada iyo dagaalka badan ee lagu magacaabo ''Training Day'' (2001).<ref>(April 4, 2002). "[http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G1-84971321.html Halle Berry, Denzel Washington get historic wins at Oscars]. ''Jet magazine''. Digital version retrieved March 17, 2008. {{wayback|url=http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G1-84971321.html |date=20111108131425 }}</ref> Mudadii uu atooraha Mudane Washington wuxuu muteeystay abaalmarin badan iyo amaan heer sareeysa kuwaasi oo la xidhiidha shaqadiisa filim jilitaanka ah. Filimaanta aadka loogu amaano atoorahan waxaa ka mid ah: filimka ku saabsan midab-soocii [[Koonfur Afrika]] kaasi oo uu matalayo nin la odhan jirey Steve Biko oo ka mid ahaa dhaqdhaqaaqa xoriyad doonka; filimkaasi waa ''Cry Freedom'' (1987), filimka kale ee uu matalayo taariikhdii [[Malcolm X]] oo isla magacaasi wata ''Malcolm X (1992 film)'', filimka uu yahay feedhyahanka Rubin "Hurricane" Carter oo lagu magacaabo ''The Hurricane (1999 film)'', tababare kubada cagta ''Remember the Titans'' (2000), gabayaa iyo aqoonyahan ''The Great Debaters'' (2007), iyo khamarjiga daroogiistaha ahaa ee Frank Lucas oo uu ka matalay filim lagu magacaabo ''American Gangster (film 2007)''. [[File:Denzel Washington og Anne Hathaway IMG 6550b.jpg|right|400px|thumb|]] =Tixraac= {{Reflist}} [[Category:Dadka Madoow]] [[Category:Dad]] [[Category:Maraykanka]] fmrs6nzocmak6gwgbp6djszlx1tytaq 0 17394 297129 275533 2026-05-11T04:44:17Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 297129 wikitext text/x-wiki ::''Kani waa maqaal ku saabsan caasimada Philadelphia, Pennysvalia ee dalka Maraykanka. {{Infobox settlement |name = Philadelphia, Pennsylvania |official_name = Caasimada Filadelfiya |settlement_type = [[Caasimad|Caasimad iyo Degmo]] |image_skyline = Philadelphia Montage by Jleon 0310.jpg |imagesize = 325px |image_caption = Kor ilaa bidix, dhismayaasha dhaadheer ee Filadelfiya, [[Sanam|Sanabka Benjamin Franklin]], Jalaska Liberty, xarunta Farshaxanka Filadelfiya, [[Deegaan|Haalka Caasimada Fiilaadelfiya]], iyo [[Guri|Haalka Xoriyada]] |nickname = "Filly", "Caasimada Jacaylka Walaalka", <small>[[magac|in badan...]]</small> |motto = "Philadelphia maneto" ("Haku gaadho Jacaylka Walaaltinimo") |Founded by = William Penn |image_flag = Flag of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.svg |image_seal = Seal of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.svg |image_map = Map of Pennsylvania highlighting Philadelphia County.svg |pushpin_map = USA |pushpin_map_caption = Meesha kaga taalo Maraykanka |pushpin_label_position = left |coordinates_region = US-PA |subdivision_type = Wadanka |subdivision_type2 = [[Gobol]]ka |subdivision_type3 = [[Degmo]] |subdivision_name = {{nowrap|{{flag|United States|name=United States of America|size=23px}}}} |subdivision_name2 = [[Pennsylvania]] |subdivision_name3 = {{Flagicon image|Flag of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.svg|size=23px}} [[Filadelfiya|Degmada Filadelfiya]] ---- |subdivision_type4 = Taariikhda Gumeysiga |subdivision_name4 = [[Ingiriis|Boqortooyada Ingiriiska]] [[Pennsylvania|Gobolka Bensyfaniya]] |government_type = Golaha Duqa-Magaalada |governing_body = [[Filadelfiya|Golaha Dowlada Filadelfiya]] |leader_title = Duqa-magaalada |leader_name = Michael Nutter ([[Maraykanka|Xisbiga Dimuqraadiga]]) |established_title = La helay |established_title1 = [[Dowlad|Dowlad Hoose]] |established_date = October 27, 1682 |established_date1 = October 25, 1701 |founder = William Penn |area_magnitude = |unit_pref = Imperial |area_total_sq_mi = 141.6 |area_land_sq_mi = 134.1<ref>Source U.S. Census Bureau: State and County QuickFacts. Data derived from Population Estimates, American Community Survey, Census of Population and Housing, State and County Housing Unit Estimates, County Business Patterns, Nonemployer Statistics, Economic Census, Survey of Business Owners, Building Permits.</ref> |area_land_km2 = 347.3 |area_total_mi2 = 366.7 |area_water_sq_mi = 7.5 |area_water_km2 = 19.4 |area_urban_sq_mi = 1799.5 |area_urban_km2 = 4660.5 |area_metro_sq_mi = 4629 |area_metro_km2 = 11988.6 |population_as_of = [[2014]] |population_footnotes = <ref name="2014 Pop Estimate">{{cite web|url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/PEP/2014/PEPANNRES/0400000US42.05000|title=Annual Estimates of the Resident Population: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2014 - 2014 Population Estimates|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=March 26, 2015|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=March 31, 2015|archive-url=https://archive.today/20150331131748/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/PEP/2014/PEPANNRES/0400000US42.05000|dead-url=yes}}</ref> |population_total = 1,560,297 |population_rank = US: [[5]]aad |population_metro = 6,051,170 (US: [[6]]aad) |population_density_km2 = 4,492.4 |population_density_sq_mi = 11,635.3 |population_blank1_title = [[Tiro|CSA]] |population_blank1 = 7,164,790 (US: [[8]]aad) |population_blank2_title = Bulsho |population_blank2 = Philadelphian |timezone = [[Wakhti|EST]] |utc_offset = -5 |timezone_DST = [[UTC|EDT]] |utc_offset_DST = -4 |postal_code_type = ZIP code |postal_code = 191xx |area_code = Area kodh 215, 267 |latd=39 |latm=57 |latNS=N |longd=75 |longm=10 |longEW=W |coordinates_display = inline, title |elevation_m = 12 |elevation_ft = 39 |blank_name = [[Maraykanka|FIPS kodh]] |blank_info = 42101 (Degmo) <ref>{{cite web|url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/42/42101.html|publisher=[[Maraykanka|United States Census Bureau]]|accessdate=February 2, 2015|title=Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=July 16, 2011|archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/60EK0OvPj?url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/42/42101.html|dead-url=yes}}</ref> |blank1_name = [[Juquraafi|Astaanta GNIS]] |blank1_info = 1215531<ref>{{cite web|url=http://geonames.usgs.gov/apex/f?p=136:3:0::NO::P3_FID,P3_TITLE:1215531,City%20of%20Philadelphia|accessdate=January 31, 2008|title=US Board on Geographic Names|publisher=[[USA|United States Geological Survey]]|date=February 2, 2015|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=Bisha Tobnaad 27, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231027140852/https://www.usgs.gov/us-board-on-geographic-names/domestic-names?p=136%3A3%3A0%3A%3ANO%3A%3AP3_FID%2CP3_TITLE%3A1215531%2CCity%2520of%2520Philadelphia|dead-url=yes}}</ref> |website = [http://www.phila.gov www.phila.gov] |footnotes = }} '''Filadelfiya''', '''Philadelphia''' ({{IPAc-en|ˌ|f|ɪ|l|ə|ˈ|d|ɛ|l|f|i|ə}}) waa [[caasimad]]a ugu weyn ee [[gobol]]ka [[Pennsylvania]], [[Maraykanka]], iyo magaalada [[5]]aad ee ugu [[dad|bulshada]] badan leh wadnkaasi. [[Gobol|Gobolada Waqooyibari]] ee Maraykanka, gaar ahaan deegaanda u dhexeeya [[webi|Webiga Delaware]] iyo [[wabi|Webiga Shuylkill]], caasimada Filadefiya waa hogaanka koowaad ee [[ganacsi|dhaqaalaha]] iyo dhaqanka deegaanadaasi. Tiro koob dowladu samaysay [[sanad|sanadikii 2014ka]] ayaa lagu ogaaday in caasimada Filadelfiya leedahay shacab dhan 1,560,297 taasi oo ka dhigeysa mid ka mid ah caasimadaha ugu shacabka badan wadanka Maraykanka.<ref name="2014 Pop Estimate"/><ref>{{cite web | url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/42/42045.html | title=Delaware County QuickFacts from the US Census Bureau | publisher=U.S. Census Bureau | date=December 4, 2014 | accessdate=February 2, 2015 | ciwaan=Nuqul Archive | archive-date=July 9, 2011 | archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/603K506YE?url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/42/42045.html | dead-url=yes }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/42/42017.html | title=Bucks County QuickFacts from the US Census Bureau | publisher=U.S. Census Bureau | date=December 4, 2014 | accessdate=February 2, 2015 | ciwaan=Nuqul Archive | archive-date=July 7, 2011 | archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/600HQTdqI?url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/42/42017.html | dead-url=yes }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/42/42091.html | title=Montgomery County QuickFacts from the US Census Bureau | publisher=U.S. Census Bureau | date=December 4, 2014 | accessdate=February 2, 2015 | ciwaan=Nuqul Archive | archive-date=July 15, 2011 | archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/60BeqNBGz?url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/42/42091.html | dead-url=yes }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/42/42029.html | title=Chester County QuickFacts from the US Census Bureau | publisher=U.S. Census Bureau | date=December 4, 2014 | accessdate=February 2, 2015 | ciwaan=Nuqul Archive | archive-date=July 8, 2011 | archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/601eYqQh2?url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/42/42029.html | dead-url=yes }}</ref><ref name=2014metroest>{{cite web|url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/PEP/2014/GCTPEPANNR.US24PR|title=Annual Estimates of the Resident Population: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2014 – Metropolitan Statistical Area; and for Puerto Rico - 2014 Population Estimates|publisher=U.S. Census Bureau|accessdate=March 26, 2015|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=April 4, 2015|archive-url=https://archive.today/20150404163955/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/PEP/2014/GCTPEPANNR.US24PR|dead-url=yes}}</ref><ref name=2014combinedest>{{cite web|url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/PEP/2014/GCTPEPANNR.US41PR|title=Annual Estimates of the Resident Population: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2014 – Combined Statistical Area; and for Puerto Rico - 2014 Population Estimates|publisher=U.S. Census Bureau|accessdate=March 26, 2015|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=February 12, 2020|archive-url=https://archive.today/20200212195629/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/PEP/2014/GCTPEPANNR.US41PR|dead-url=yes}}</ref> Sanadkii 1682 ayaa nin la odhan jirey William Penn aasaasay caasiamad gobolka Bensykfaniya, taasi oo wakhtigaasi ahayd meel uu maamulo nidaamkii [[Ingiriis|Boqortooyada Ingiriiska]].<ref>{{Citation |last=Brookes |first=Karin |coauthors=John Gattuso, Lou Harry, Edward Jardim, Donald Kraybill, Susan Lewis, Dave Nelson and Carol Turkington |editor=Zoë Ross |title=Insight Guides: Philadelphia and Surroundings |edition=Second Edition (Updated) |year=2005 |publisher=APA Publications | pages = 21–22 |isbn=1-58573-026-2 }}</ref> Si kastaba aha ahaatee, caasimada Filadelfiya waxay qeyb libaax ka soo qaadatey "Kacaankii Maraykanka", waxayna ahay goobta ay ku kulmi jireen hogaamiyayaashii dhisay wadanka Maraykanka, ayaga oo u saxeexay ku [[USA|Dhawaaqitaankii Xoriyada iyo Madax-banaanid]]a sanadkii 1776, hadana mar labaad ku saxeeyay qodobada "[[Dastuur|Dastuurka Wadanka Maraykanka]]" sanadkii 1787. Intaasi waxaa dheer, caasimad Filadelfiya waxay ahaan jirtey [[caasimad|magaalo-madaxdii]] ugu horeeysay ee wadanka Maraykanka, mar labaad noqotey magaalo-madax goortii uu socday Dagaalkii Sokeeye ee Maraykanka, iyo goortii dhismaha Caasimada [[Washington D.C]] oo Filadelfiya ahayd xarunta dowlada ee kus ii meelgaadhka ah. Horaantii [[qarni|qarnigii 19aad]], Filadelfiya waxay noqotey xarun horumar oo leh [[wershad]]o aad u badan, waxayna yeelatay [[tareen|wadooyin tareen]] oo ku xidha caasimadaha kale ee wadanka, taasi oo suurtogelisay dhoofinta iyo u iibgeynta alaabo faro badan oo lagu sameyo deegaanda Filadelfiya. Wakhtiyadani waxaa magaalad aad ugu soo qaxay qoxooti shaqo-doon ah oo intooda badan ka yimid [[Yurub|bariga Yurub]]. Sidoo kale, wakhtiyadani waxay caasimada Filadelfiya noqotey xarun u soo guureen [[Dadka Madoow]] (African American) ee wadanka Maraykanka, kuwaasi oo doorbidayay fursadaha shaqo, waxbarsho iyo xoriyad ee caasimadu lahayd. Waxaa la sheegay in [[sanad|sanadkii 1950kii]] tirada Dadka Afrikan Ameerikanka ah ee ku dhaqan Filadelfiya iyo nawaaxigeeda kor u dhaafeysay [[2|labo milyan]]. Guud ahaan, Caasimada Filadelfiya waa xarunta dhaqaalha iyo dhaqdhaqaaqa ee gobolka [[Pennsylvania]], waana hooyga todobo ka mid ah [[shirkad|Shirkadaha Fortune 1000]]. Dhismayaasha dhaadheer ee badhtamaha iyo nawaaxiga caasiamada ayaa ah kuwo aad u sii badanaya, waxaanay magaaladani leedahay qaar ka mid ah dhismayaasha ugu dhaadheer wadanka Maraykanka iyo [[duni]]da.<ref name=Comcast2>{{cite web|url=http://www.visitphilly.com/articles/philadelphia/the-comcast-innovation-and-technology-center/|title=Philadelphia's Newest Skyscraper: The Comcast Innovation and Technology Center|publisher=Visit Philadelphia|accessdate=April 3, 2015}}</ref> Caasimadani waxay caan ku tahay hidaha iyo dhaqanka, taariikhda, dalxiiska (ayadoo la sheegay iney soo siyaartaan dad ka badan [[milyan|39 milyan]] sanadkii 2013ka).<ref name="Visit Philadelphia">{{cite web | url=http://www.scribd.com/doc/224082014/2014-Visit-Philadelphia-Annual-Report | title=2014 Visit Philadelphia Annual Report | publisher=Visit Philadelphia | accessdate=February 10, 2015}}</ref><ref>[http://www.fpaa.org/about_gateway.html Gateway to Public Art in Philadelphia] {{Wayback|url=http://www.fpaa.org/about_gateway.html |date=20110810153418 }}, ''Fairmount Park Art Association''.</ref> beerta raaxada iyo dalxiiska Fairmount Park waa deegaanka ugu balaadhan aduunka ee ku dhexyaala magaalo.<ref name="Philadelphia profile">{{cite web|url=http://www.csm.org/philadelphia.php|title=Philadelphia profile|publisher=|accessdate=September 17, 2014}}</ref> Sidoo kale waxay caasimadu leedhay 67 meelood oo taariikhi ah, kuwasi oo Filadelfiya ka dhigay meesha koowaad ee ugu dalxiiska badan wadanka Maraykanka gudahisa, isla markaana ka hesha tiro lacag ah oo dhan $10 bilyan dollarka Maraykanka.<ref name="Visit Philadelphia"/> Philadelphia waa meesha lagu aasaasay ee hooyga u ah [[USA|Ciidamada Milatariga Bada]] loo yaqaano United States Marine Corps,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marines.com/history-heritage/timeline|title=U.S. Marine Corps Decade Timeline|access-date=2015-09-10|archive-date=2017-03-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170319054056/http://www.marines.com/history-heritage/timeline|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.philly.com/philly/news/20141111_Marines_Corps_marks_its_founding_in_Philly_in_1775.html|title=Marine Corps marks its founding in Philly in 1775|publisher=Philadelphia Media Network}}</ref> sidoo kale waa xaruntii ugu horeeysay waxyaabo badan ooy ka mid yihiin [[Filadelfiya|librarygii ugu horeeyay]] (la dhisey 1731),<ref name="Firsts">{{cite web | url=http://www.ushistory.org/philadelphia/philadelphiafirsts.html | title=Philadelphia Firsts 1681-1899 | publisher=USHistory | accessdate=April 30, 2015}}</ref> [[caafimaad|Cusbitaalkii ugu horeeyay]] (la dhisey 1751)<ref name="Firsts"/> iyo midii ugu horeeysay ee laga furo [[waxbarasho|dugsi caafimaad]] (sanadkii 1765),<ref>[http://www.archives.upenn.edu/histy/features/1700s/people/morgan_john.html] {{wayback|url=http://www.archives.upenn.edu/histy/features/1700s/people/morgan_john.html|date=20080703234451}}</ref> [[caasimad|magaalo-madaxdii kowaad]] (laga dhigey 1777),<ref name="Firsts"/> meeshii koowaad ee laga furo [[lacag|Sarifka lacagaha Filadelfiya]] (1790),<ref name="Firsts"/> iyo tii ugu horeeysay [[Xayawaan|Beerta Xayawaanka (zoo)]] (1874),<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.philadelphiazoo.org/About-the-Zoo.aspx | title=About the Philadelphia Zoo | publisher=Philadelphia Zoo | accessdate=April 30, 2015 | ciwaan=Nuqul Archive | archive-date=Bisha Saddexaad 30, 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150330192449/http://www.philadelphiazoo.org/About-the-Zoo.aspx | dead-url=yes }}</ref> iyo [[Jaamacad|dugsigii ganacsiga]] ee ugu horeeyay wadanka (la furey 1881).<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.wharton.upenn.edu/about-wharton/ | title=About Wharton | publisher=The Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania | accessdate=April 30, 2015}}</ref> [https://wooridulls.co.kr/ 7차 재난지원금 신청] =Bulshada= Sida lagu sheegay tirokoob dowlada [[Maraykan]]ku sameeysay sanadkii 2014ka waxaa caasimada Filadelfiya ku nool [[dad|bulsho]] tiradoodu dhan tahay 1,560,297,<ref name="2014 Pop Estimate"/> taasi oo u dhiganta 2.2% kordhitaan marka loo barbardhigo sanadkii 2010. Noocayada bulshada sanadkii 2013ka ku noolaa Filadelfiya waxay kala ahaaheeyn: 45.5% cadan (36.3% ahayn-Hispanic), 44.2% Madoow ama Afrikan Ameerikan, 0.8% dadka u dhashay qaarada ee loo yaqaano [[Hindida Cas]], 6.9% Aasiyan, 0.1% ka soo jeeda [[gasiirad]]a Hawaii, 2.4% iska dhal, iyo 13.3% Latino ah.<ref name="2013 Pop Estimate">{{cite web|url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/42/42101.html|title=State & County QuickFacts - Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=March 15, 2015|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=July 16, 2011|archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/60EK0OvPj?url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/42/42101.html|dead-url=yes}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/42/42101.html|title=Philadelphia County QuickFacts from the US Census Bureau|publisher=|accessdate=September 17, 2014|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=July 16, 2011|archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/60EK0OvPj?url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/42/42101.html|dead-url=yes}}</ref> {| class="wikitable sortable collapsible" style="font-size: 90%;" |- ! Tirokoob Noocyada Bulshada !! 2010<ref name="Gen Pop/Housing">{{cite web|author=American FactFinder, United States Census Bureau |url=http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=DEC_10_DP_DPDP1&prodType=table|title=Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 2010 Demographic Profile Data (Public Law 94-171) Summary File |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau, 2010 Census |accessdate=August 12, 2011}}</ref> !! 2000 !! 1990 !! 1980<ref name="census1990">[http://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0076/PAtab.xls Pennsylvania – Race and Hispanic Origin for Selected Cities and Other Places: Earliest Census to 1990]</ref> !! 1970<ref name="census1990"/> |- | [[Dadka Cad|Cadan]] (marka lagu daro [[Cad|Cadaan Hispanik]] ah)|| 41.8% || 45.0% || 53.5% || 58.2% || 65.6% |- | —Cadaan Ahayn-Hispanic || 36.9% || 42.5% || 52.1% || 57.1% || 63.8<ref name="fifteen">From 15% sample</ref> |- | [[Afrikan Ameerikan|Madoow ama Afrikan Amerikan]] || 43.6% || 43.2% || 37.8% || 39.9% || 33.6% |- | —Madowg ahayn-Hispanic || 42.2% || 42.6% || 39.3% || 37.5% || 33.3%<ref name="fifteen"/> |- | [[Hindida Cas|Dadka Asalka Ameerika]] || 0.5% || 0.3% || 0.2% || 0.1% || 0.1% |- | [[Aasiya]]an || 6.3% || 4.5% || 2.7% || rowspan=2 | 1.1% || rowspan=2 | 0.3% |- | Ka soo jeeda Hawaii ama Gasiiradaha || 0.0% || 0.0% || 0.0% |- | Noocyo kale || 5.9% || 4.8% || 3.7% || 2.7% || 0.4% |- | Dadka iska-dhalka || 2.8% || 2.2% || n/a<ref name="race">{{cite web|author=United States Census Bureau|url=http://www.census.gov/population/www/socdemo/race/racefactcb.html|title=How Does the Census 2000 Question on Race Differ from the 1990 Question?|publisher=census.gov |accessdate=January 31, 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20000510014718/http://www.census.gov/population/www/socdemo/race/racefactcb.html|archivedate=May 10, 2000}}</ref> || n/a<ref name="race"/> || n/a |- | [[Meksiko|Hispanik ama Latino]] (dhamaantood) || 12.3% || 8.5% || 5.6% || 3.8% || 2.4%<ref name="fifteen"/> |} =Muuqaalka Filadelfiya= <gallery> File:PhiladelphiaPresidentsHouse.jpg|Hooyga Madaxweynaha ee Filadelfiya File:Treaty of Penn with Indians by Benjamin West.jpg|Heshiis dhexmaray dadka Hindida Cas iyo Yurubiyaan File:Joseph Ducreux - Portrait of Benjamin Franklin in blue coat and a fur collar.jpg|Benjamin Franklin File:Centennial Exhibition, Opening Day.jpg|Xaflad Filadelfiya File:Philadelphia1844riot.jpg|Mudaharaad Filadelfiya Southwark, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania|Xaafada Southwark 1879 File:Philadelphia 8th & Market 1840.jpg|Suuqa Filadelfiya 1840 File:Phila8thMarket.jpg|Jidka Market 1910 File:Cathedral-Basilica-HDR.jpg|muuqaalka habenkii Filadelfiya 2012 File:Elfreth's Alley.JPG|Xaafada ugu da'da weyn caasimada Filadelfiya File:OneLiberyPlacePhiladelphia.jpg|Badhtamaha farasmagaalka Filadelfiya </gallery> [[File:Philadelphia Panorama From Camden.JPG|1100px|align-cap=center|thumb|Bilicda caasimada Filadelfiya]] [[File:GardenStreetBridgeSchuylkillRiverSkylinePhiladelphiaPennsylvania.jpg|1100px|align-cap=center|thumb|Muuqaalka dabaqyada dhaadheer ee caasimada Filadelfiya 2009kii]] =Magaalooyinka Maraykanka= {{Magaalooyinka Maraykanka}} {{Gobolada Maraykanka}} =Tixraac= {{Reflist}} [[Category:Maraykanka]] [[Category:Ameerika]] [[Category:Magaalo]] [[Category:Dad]] hsfsv22yppzb6g186fwxgq8ugn0g5gf 0 28258 297132 257609 2026-05-11T05:48:49Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 297132 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox monarch | name = Ugaas Xasan Ugaas Yaasiin <br> {{lang|ar| اوغاس حسن اوغاس ياسين}} | title = Ugaaska 29-aad ee Beelaha [[Harti]] ahna Ugaaska guud ee Beesha [[Dishiishe]] Iyo Guud Ahaan Beelaha [[Mooracase]] *Ugaaska Guud ee Beelaha [[Daarood|Harti]] | image = | reign = 2000 | coronation = | full name = | predecessor = [[Ugaas Yaasiin Ugaas Cabdirixmaan]] | successor = | dynasty = | birth_date = 1959 | birth_place =[[Boosaaso]] [[Soomaaliya| Woqooyi Bari]] [[Soomaaliya]] |death_date = |death_place = |religion = [[File:Allah-green.svg|18px]] [[islaam|Islaam (sunni)]] }} '''Ugaas Xasan Ugaas Yaasiin''' ({{lang-ar|''اوغاس حسن اوغاس ياسين''}}) Wuxuu ka mid yahay isimada dhaqan ee Soomaaliyeed, Wuxuu ugaas guud oo magac saar ah u yahay beelaha Harti, Waana Ugaaska guud ee beesha Dishiishe, Xilka dhaqanka wuxuu kala wareegay Aabihiis ''Ugaas Yaasiin'' 2001 kadib markii aabihiis uu geeriyooday, Sida la sheego aabihiis ayaa u dardaarmay in loo duubo ugaasnimadda kolka uu isagu geeriyoodo.<ref>https://hiiraan.com/news/2010/sept/wararka_maanta7-10937.htm</ref><ref>{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=https://horseedmedia.net/2013/08/24/ugaas-xasan-ugaas-yaasiin-oo-muqdisho-kula-kulmay-odayaal-dhaqansawiro/ |access-date=2019-05-18 |archive-date=2019-05-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190518122629/https://horseedmedia.net/2013/08/24/ugaas-xasan-ugaas-yaasiin-oo-muqdisho-kula-kulmay-odayaal-dhaqansawiro/ |dead-url=yes }}</ref><ref>http://allsbc.com/sawirrougaas-xasan-ugaas-yaasiin-oo-bosaso-ugu-sameeyey-qado-sharaf-madaxweyne-farmaajo/ {{Wayback|url=http://allsbc.com/sawirrougaas-xasan-ugaas-yaasiin-oo-bosaso-ugu-sameeyey-qado-sharaf-madaxweyne-farmaajo/ |date=20200722022032 }}</ref> ==Ugaasnimadda Intaan loo duubin ka hor== I-''Dhalasho Iyo Waxbarasho'' *1953 wuxuu ku dhashay Magaalada Boosaaso, wuxuuna ka bilaabay dugsiga qur’aanka. *1960 - 1972 wuxuu ku dhigtay dugsiga Hoose, dhexe & Sareba magaalada xamar. *1972 - 1974 wuxuu waxbarasho u aaday dalka talyaaniga, wuxuuna wax ku baranayey kulliyada Ciidamada ee Modena. *1980 - 1983 wuxuu ka qalinjebiyey Kulliyaddii Dhaqaalaha ee jaamacaddii ummadda Muqdisho. ''II- Khibradaha shaqo'' *1974 - 1990 wuxuu ahaa sarkaal Ciidanka qalabka sida ee Soomaaliya, wuxuuna shaqooyin kala duwan kasoo qabtay Baydhabo, dhuusamareeb & Muqdisho. *1988 - 1990 wuxuu waxbarasho u aaday dalka talyaaniga, wuxuuna wax kasoo bartay kulliyadda abbaanduulka ee Ciidamada Cievieta Vecchia - Roma. *Wuxuu ku hadlaa luqadaha af-Soomaaliga, Talyaaniga, Ingiriiska Iyo Carabiga, wuxuuna soo maray dalal badan oo adduunka ah. ''III-Shirarka siyaasadeed iyo Nabadaynta uu ka qayb galay'' *23-30/06/1991 wuxuu ka qayb galay isagoo wakiil ka ah Oaaska shirkii Garoowe ee lagu go’aansaday in ay SSDF noqoto hoggaanka Siyaasadeed ee gobolladan. *08-09/01/1992 wuxuu ka qayb galay isagoo wakiil ka ah Ugaaska shirkii Adis-Ababa oo looga hadlayey qaxootiyada iyo dadka tabarta yar sidii loo gaadhsiinlahaa mucaawinooyinka. *04-15/01/1992 wuxuu ka qayb galay isagoo wakiil ka ah Ugaaska shirkii dib u heshiisiinta Soomaaliyeed ee lagu qabtay Adis-Ababa. *15-18/11/1992 wuxuu ka qayb galay isagoo wakiil ka ah Ugaaska baaqii nabadda ee Nakuru-Kenya( The Nakuru Peace Appeal) oo ay kasoo qayb galeen Isimo, waxgarad, aqoonyahan iyo siyaasiyiin hore. *10-12/03/1998 wuxuu ka qayb galay isagoo wakiil ka ah Ugaaska shirkii wada tashiga Garoowe, kaasoo loogu gogolxaarayey dhismihii Dawlad Goboleedka P/Land. *15/03/1998-30/07/1998 wuxuu ka qayb galay isagoo wakiil ka ah Ugaaska shirweynihii Garoowe ee lagu dhisay Dawlad goboleedka P/Land. *27/12/1997 wuxuu ka qayb galay isagoo wakiil ka ah Ugaaska Caleema saarkii Islaanka Beesha Cumar Maxamuud Islaan Bashiir islaan Cabdulle Islaan Faarax oo ka dhacay Abqaale. *16/06/1998 wuxu ka qayb galay isagoo wakiil ka ah Ugaaska Caleema Saarkii Ugaaska Beesha Leelkase Ugaas axmed Ugaas Maxamed oo ka dhacay Galdogob. *21-25/03/2000 Wuxuu ka qayb galay shirkii aqoonyahannada soomaaliyeed ee lagu qabtay [[Djibouti]]. *09/05/2001-13/06/2000 wuxuu ka qayb galay isagoo wakiil ka ah Ugaaska shirkii dib u heshiisiinta Soomaliyeed ee lagu qabtay Djibouti oo ay kasoo qayb galeen Isimo, aqoonyahanno, siyaasiyiin, ningarbood, haween & Dad farabadan oo Soomaaliyeed.<ref>http://boosaaso.tripod.com/Ugaas_Hasan.htm{{Dead link|date=Bisha Shanaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Tixraac== {{reflist}} nvrl6w3j4u6c4rk6vwxgqay2xd3x2bz 0 28435 297119 295505 2026-05-11T00:51:34Z Dabayl 12159 297119 wikitext text/x-wiki Dooxada Dagaar waxa dega beesha Muuse abokor ee Habarjeclo, gaar ahaan beelaha bahsanbuur biciide iyo abduruxmiin . Dooxada Dagaari waxay ka tirsantahay degmada [[Ceerigaabo]]. Dagaar waa xarunta dhaqanka saldannada guud ee bicide muse abokor habar jeclo ==DOOXADA DAGAAR CERIGAABO== '''DAGAAR''' DOOXADA DAGAAR WAXAY ku taala magalada ceerigabo duledkeda konfureed waxayna magalada u jirtaa 15km waa meel ku haboon dalxiiska waxana ku yaala togag rogmanaya oo dabiciya iyo dhuldaqsimed cagaaran oo indhaha so jidanaya waxa dalxiska u aada dhaman ee ceerigabo goobta aya waxa ka dhaca meherada xafladaha iyo wxi lamida<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nuqul Archive |url=https://images.search.yahoo.com/yhs/search?p=sanaag+map+erigavo&fr=yhs-ima-st&hspart=ima&hsimp=yhs-st&imgurl=http%3A%2F%2Fw0.fast-meteo.com%2Flocationmaps%2FErigavo.8.gif#id=2&iurl=http%3A%2F%2Fw0.fast-meteo.com%2Flocationmaps%2FErigavo.8.gif&action=click |access-date=2019-07-14 |archive-date=2025-01-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250125151159/https://images.search.yahoo.com/yhs/search?p=sanaag%20map%20erigavo&fr=yhs-ima-st&hspart=ima&hsimp=yhs-st&imgurl=http%3A%2F%2Fw0.fast-meteo.com%2Flocationmaps%2FErigavo.8.gif#id=2&iurl=http%3A%2F%2Fw0.fast-meteo.com%2Flocationmaps%2FErigavo.8.gif&action=click |url-status=dead }}</ref> sidoo kale waa dhuldaqsimed duleedka magalada ah aad ayay u balaadhan tahay dooxadu waana mid kamida nimcooyinka eebe ku manaystay ceerigaabo oo ku taala dhul joogiisu aad u sareeyo taas oo ka dhigtay meel roobab badan helaan<ref>{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=https://elevationmap.net/dhalaax-ceerigaabo-so-1011186355 |access-date=2019-07-14 |archive-date=2019-07-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190714130629/https://elevationmap.net/dhalaax-ceerigaabo-so-1011186355 |dead-url=yes }}</ref> ==juqurafi ahaan== dooxada dagaar waa dhul aad u baaxad weyn oo aad u quruxabadn si lamida dhulka gobolkasanaag degankani waa dhul dooxo togog kusoo rogmadaan oo barwaqo ah waxa lagu qiyaasa guud ahaaan 100km waxay kutala duledka koonfured ee magalada ceriago<ref>https://mapcarta.com/Sanaag</ref> waxa ay dhanka koonfured ka xiga degamada yufle oo la tirsan cerigaabo oo u jirta ilaa 10km yufle laftedu waaxa weye dhul dqsimed aad u quru badan oo dooxada lafteeu soo gaadho dooxada waxa laga helaa biyo area dedaoo dhan waana ilaha biyaha mustaqbalka ee degaankas https://elevationmap.net/dhalaax-ceerigaabo-so-1011186355 {{Wayback|url=https://elevationmap.net/dhalaax-ceerigaabo-so-1011186355 |date=20190714130629 }} ==QABIILKA DEGA== '''dagaar''' waxa dega beesha [[biciide]] ee [[muuse abokor]] <ref>{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=https://qabaayil.webs.com/habarjeclo.htm |access-date=2019-07-14 |archive-date=2019-07-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190714130623/https://qabaayil.webs.com/habarjeclo.htm |dead-url=yes }}</ref> waxana ay kutaale duledka kkonfured ee cerigaabo<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erigavo</ref> iyado cidna u diidin dhuldaqsimedkeda dadka iyo xoolaha oo umada oodhami wada manafacad sadaan dhinacada galbeed waxa ka xiga dayaxa oo ay degan beesha'''[[uduruxmiin muuse]]''' oo iyaguna kamida qabiilka '''[[muuse abokor]]'''<ref>https://images.search.yahoo.com/yhs/search?p=somalia+clan+map&fr=yhs-ima-st&hspart=ima&hsimp=yhs-st&imgurl=https%3A%2F%2Fupload.wikimedia.org%2Fwikipedia%2Fcommons%2Fthumb%2F8%2F8b%2FSomalia_ethnic_grps_2002.jpg%2F1200px-Somalia_ethnic_grps_2002.jpg#id=5&iurl=https%3A%2F%2Fupload.wikimedia.org%2Fwikipedia%2Fcommons%2Fthumb%2F8%2F8b%2FSomalia_ethnic_grps_2002.jpg%2F1200px-Somalia_ethnic_grps_2002.jpg&action=click{{Dead link|date=Bisha Saddexaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> {{Cite web |url=https://source:%20YouTube |title=Warbixin}} 45qtiqopebpvlavdwg5yblnfxatdtpt 0 28443 297116 297029 2026-05-11T00:22:43Z Dabayl 12159 Noqay bedelaadka [[Special:Diff/283542|283542]] ee sameeyay [[Special:Contributions/Isma4l|Isma4l]] ([[User talk:Isma4l|hadal]]) 297116 wikitext text/x-wiki waa mid kamida beelaha isaaqa kuwa ugu balaadhan tiro ahaan<ref>https://www.somalinet.com/forums/viewtopic.php?t=254421</ref> iyo dhul ahaanba, biciide yoonis waxay taariikh ahaan kaalin weyn ku lahayen xaaladkasta oo dalku soomaray. iyago saamentooda kulahaa xitaa kahor intaanu gumaystuhu qabsan dalka. Wagaas oo hogaamiya beeleedyadi waaagi qarnigi 14aad ee kaso jeday biciide ay ka talin jireen bariga somaliland.sidoo kalana waxay dhal wadaagaan beesha sheekhaal <ref>https://www.google.com/search?client=ms-google-coop&cx=partner-pub-7548458662633181%3A2443211434&ei=PMgtXcqCCI6y6QS637GIBg&q=somalia+map+sanaag+clas&oq=somalia+map+sanaag+clas&gs_l=psy-ab.3..38l4.6196.11335..11750...0.0..1.1105.10060.2-1j8j3j3j2j2......0....1..gws-wiz.......0i71j35i39j0j0i131j0i67j0i131i20i263j0i22i30.HgyaXIbfRp8</ref> dhulka hada lo yaqan sanaag bari nugaal iyo sool sido kale waqtigi guumaystaha waxay beesha badh kamidi raacen ama la safteen maamulka boqortoodadii Diiriye Guure oo ahaa ciidamo kaso horjeeday gumaystihii ingriiska waxana ka mid ahaa shire axmed faarax oo ahaaa sheikh caalim ahaa kadibna ku biiray ciidankii [[Diiriye Guure]] ayaa kadib darawishtu waxay dulan kusoo qadeen dhulkii uu kasoo jeeday shire wirif. waxayna cagta mariyen qaar badan oo kamida reerkii sheekh wirif oo iyagu ingiriska<ref>https://www.jstor.org/stable/1157617</ref> la safna ama taageer sanaa markasu tiriyay gabay uu ugu adkesan kari wayay xanta iyo tuhunka ay ka qaben beeshisa oo ay is lahaayen isaga ayaa ka danbeeya duulanka daraawishtu idnku sooqaday. taariikhaha hore waxa jiray marki beeshu kabadatay asaaaged in iyagi isu muuqdeen oo ay colaadi ka dhex bilaabatay qaar ka mida beelaha biciide laftisa waxana jiray dagaal soconayay waqti dheer oo u dhaxeeyay '''[[axmed faarax(habarjeclo)]]''' iyo oo ay ku idladen sheekhi iyo sharifki iyo xoogi labadasi belod beeshu waxay ka talinjirtay xeebta teedsan berbera ilaa maydh oo ay boqoradi, iyo hogamiye qabailki, ka dhashay beeshu ka talin jireen dekeda has iyado waxa ugu muhimsana ee laga so dejin jirau aha timirta, waqtigan casriga beeshu waxay ka tirsan tahay dadka dega gobolada waqooyi somaliland gaar ahaan Sanaag Saaxil Sool iyo Togdheer<ref>https://www.google.com/search?q=somaliland+clan+map&tbm=isch&source=iu&ictx=1&fir=NjZ7YexnHxS_JM%253A%252CGu4XvyBznsKy4M%252C_&vet=1&usg=AI4_-kRnYtBg1Ap92B_RTGpw7yJyr_d5dQ&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwi71_7f3rnjAhWKDuwKHYVYDFkQ9QEwAXoECAcQBg#imgrc=NjZ7YexnHxS_JM:</ref> [[Sax]] [[Liiska mujaahidiinta habarjeclo]] ==Dhulka ay degaan== beeshu waxay degtaa 4 kamida 6da gobol ee waaweyn ee somaliland<ref>https://www.google.com/search?q=somaliland+clan+map&tbm=isch&source=iu&ictx=1&fir=NjZ7YexnHxS_JM%253A%252CGu4XvyBznsKy4M%252C_&vet=1&usg=AI4_-kRnYtBg1Ap92B_RTGpw7yJyr_d5dQ&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwi71_7f3rnjAhWKDuwKHYVYDFkQ9QEwAXoECAcQBg#imgrc=NjZ7YexnHxS_JM:</ref> iyo magaalooyin waaweyn ooy ka midyihin BURCO, waxayna kamidyihin dadka sida nabada ugu wada nool magalada Burco<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erigavo</ref> sidoo kale waxay deganyihin magalada [[burco]], waxay qayb baladhan ka yihin dadka ku dhaqan magala xebeedka berbera. Qomiyadani waxay degta magaloyinka qoryaale, Beer, ina afmadoobe, xood, waridaad '''Xeebta ugu dheer [[somaliland]] waxa dega [[habarjeclo]] gaar ahaan maxamed abokor siiba qabiilkan axmed faarax''' magaloyinkasna waxa kamida, [[shalcaw]], [[ruguuda]], [[conqor]], [[soddonlay]], [[laasdoomaare]], [[karin]], [[duurdhiil]], [[laasodhagax guduud]], [[kalyo waqal]], [[mulaax bayle]], [[duurdhiil]] [[laasodhagax guduud]] [[kalyo waqal]] [[mulaax bayle]] [[ruguuda]] [[xiis]] [[soddonlay]] [[shalcaw]] ==Qaybaha ay u kalabaxaan== BICIIDE waa qabiilka ugu badan reer sheikh isxaaq gar ahan habarjeclo waxayna ka mid yihin [[muuse abokor]] oo u dhigma 60% habarjeclo waxayna ukala baxaan reero aad ufara badan sida halkan kaga muqata....<ref>https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Habar_Jeclo</ref> *biciide yoonis **iidle biciide **samatar biciide **Waadhowr biciide **faarax biciide (bah jabrahiil) ***faahiye faarax ***wacays faarax ***roobsuge faarax ***geedi faarax ***guuleed faarax ***muuse faarax ***cali faarax ***cumar faarax ***cabdile faarax ***axmed faarax ***iidle faarax ****cabdi iidle ****bayle iidle ****maxamud iidle ****cali iidle ****xuseen iidle ****geedi iidle ****faarax iidle ****xildiid iidle ****guuleed iidle ****Cismaan iidle **** muuse iidle **** maxamed iidle ***[[Axmed Faarax|axmed faarax]] ****xasan axmed ****xuseen axmed ****cabdalla axmed ****cali axmed *****yabaal cali *****samatar cali *****muumin cali *****muuse cali *samatar biciide(bah sanbuur) **reer raage **bah adaraxmaan **bah muuse *dhowr biciide(bah sanbuur) **bah cimraan **bah muxumed ***xildiid muxumed ***faahiye muxumed **bah awal (xasan) ***axmed xasan ***jibriil xasan ***maxmed xasan ***ibrahim xasan ***maxamuud xasan *IIDLE Biciide(bah jibraahiil) ●Cismaan iidle ▪︎Cigaal cismaan ▪︎cali cismaan ● Cabdulle cabdi ● Saalax ● Rooble ● wacays ● Xareed . ''''Erigavo sanaag somaliland''' ==Dadka Caanka ah ee kasoo jeeda== WAXA kasoo jeeda dad caana oo farabadan oo soo maray dowladihi waqti bilowgi xadarada, british somaliland, somalia, iyo somaliland ta hada, waxana kamida: '''MUJAAHIDIINTA''' *muj. Carab ducaale *Muj: jaamac saalax midhiq *Muj: muuse bidaar *Muj: cabdi ciid ( ka mid ragii birjeex jabsaday) *Muj: Siciid axmed dhigane ( ku shahiiday jabsashadii birjeex) *cabdilahi masyar *Binate samaysane *sicid salax dibow *muj.gadhle ciroobe *Cabdulahi Salax oogle (shiekh laf) *muj. indha haadle *General Maxamed cabdi cabdulle (fanax) *General Carab ducaale cilmi (abaanduulihii SNM) *Korneyl muuse xasan dhunkaal ( muuse bidaar) taliyihii guutada 1aad ee SNM *Taliyaha madaxtooyada Alyoos Jaamac ducaale '''DHAQANKA''' *Boqor indha-aare ( Boqor ka talinjiray xeebaha iyo deegaanada Sanaag qarnigii 19aad). *Abaanduule Cabdi faarax ( Hogaamiyihii Barre Adaraxmaan iyo muuse abokor qarnigii 18aad) *Abaanduule cigaal muuse faarax *Abaanduule Ahaana chief caaqil Axmed yare *Abaanduule ahaana chief caaqil Dhunkaal Axmed Yare ( abaan duule Burco iyo Caynaba) * Jiif caaqil Axmed Faarax saalax(xeedhidheere) darwiish, Jiif caaqil abaanduulkii muse abokor bari. * Jiif caaqil Xaaji Xasan Axmed ganacsade awood leh jiif caaqil Muse Abokor bari ( gobolka Sanaag) * Axmed Cali Saalax ganacsade (ninkii dukaankii u horeyey ka furay Ceerigaabo. *Jibriil Xaaji ducaale faarax gudomiyihii gobolka Sanaag xiligii afweyne ahna oday si weyn loga yaqaan gobolka sanaag. jaamac Maxamed cigaal( ninkii daartii u horeysay ka dhisay Ceerigaabo) *Boqor cismaan aw-maxamud buurmadow *AHN Chief Caaqil jaamac faarax *AHN Chief caaqil aw aadan jaamac faarax *Cheif caaqil Lixle *AHN Suldaan maxamed cabdi cali *AHN Suldaan carab cabdi cali *Suldaan Sharmaarke Suldaan maxamed cabdi cali *AHN Cheif caaqil Faarax maxamed dhunkaal * jiif caaqil Axmed jiif caaqil Yuusuf warsangeli *Caaqil Cabdirashiid Ducaale digaale *cheif caaqil faysal abokor *suldaan Faarax ducaale cali *suldaan Qudde '''CULIMADA''' *AHN:Sheekh Ismaaciil Tabliiq (Aasaasihii jamaacatu tabliiq) *Sheekh abdirahman Osman aw mohamoud( sheekhal baladka Sanaag) *Sheekh siciid Qaxwe *Sheekh Faysal Cilmi *Sheekh Jaamaca Ducaale Digaale *Sheekh Ahmed muuse *Sheekh Aadan cali '''FANKA''' *abwaan Cabdi OOGLE (AarsaDe) *abwaan:- shire widhidhif *abwaan :- dhegawanle *abwaan:- jaamac cadde *Abwaan:- Xuseen Gabaydhe *abwaan:- aw cabdi muuse *abwaan:- digaale jaamac *abwaan:- axmed caadleef *abwaan:- axmed daad *abwaan:- siciid ayaanle *abwaan:- maxamed diiriye (xujaale) *abwaan:- xuseen jaamac *abwaan:- awcilmi ducaale jibriil<ref>http://www.hoygasuugaanta.com/ShireWiririf.html</ref> *Abwaan abyan warsame cali *Abwaan aadan kacaan '''SIYAASIYIINTA''' *Siyaasi ahna Abaanduule muuse abokor :maxamed xaji ducaale axmed yare( dhoolayare) *Siyaasi mujaahid SNM yuusuf maxamed cali xayd ( wasiirkii ugu horeeyay wasaarada madaxtooyada ee Sland 1991 ahaana xildhibaan) *Siyaasi Axmed siciid Maxamed (Godane) DG Agaasimaha guud ee ciyaara *Siyaasi Cabdilaahi maxamed ducaale (wasiirkii ugu mudada dheeraa wasaarada arimaha debeda Jamhuuriyada SoomaaliLand) *Siyaasi Xasan Maxamed Cali (aas-aasihii ururkii rays ahna wasiirka ugu mudada dheer xakuumadii muuse biixi) * siyaasi ismacil ducale cadhoome wasiirka waxbarashada xukuumada cirro * Ismaaciil faarax maxamed (dadqal) aasaasihii xisbigii talada dalka hayey 2002-2010 ee UDUB * Badhasaabkii hore ee gobolka sanaag Axmed Cabdi muuse * wasiir hore ahna badhasaabka gobolka sanaag Maxamuud Raage * Wasiir hore xasan maxamed cali (gaafadhi) * Agaasimaha guud tamarta shucayb cismaan maxamuud * Cismaan faarax maxamed (Hamasholl) *Siyaasi maxamed nuur amaan ( xildhibaan 1968) *Siyaasi saalax xaji xasan xildhiban gole deegaan 1968 Ceerigaabo DHANKA SIYAASADA WAXA ka soo jeeda diktoorka caanka halyeyga ah ee DR [[Aadan mire wayrax]] oodadka reer somaliland ay jecel yihin aqoontiisa iyo daacadnimada u u shaqeeyo ,gudoomiyahii xisbiga [[rays]] ee somaliland eng ''xasan'maxamed gaafadhi''' wasirka xanaanada xoolaha somaaliland ee hada dowlada muse bixi, sido jale jaamac Saalx axmed midhiq, oo ka tirsana Golihi dhexe SNM iyo Aasaasayashu SDF, badhasaabki u horeeyay ee sanaag mr MIDHIQ, badhasabk sanag xukumada muse bixi Axmed isdeber. ==Tijaarta ka dhalatay== Wakhtigan casrigaa waxa dalka ka jira shirkado malaayin dollar haysta waxana qaar badan ookamida kaso jedan beesha biciide eee isaaq waxana kamida..... *ASLIMAYDI <ref>{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=https://www.menafn.com/qn_news_story_s.aspx?storyid=1095810526&title=Somaliland-Asli-Maydi-Chinese-Investors-and-The-Politics-of-Frankincense&src=RSS |access-date=2022-03-10 |archive-date=2023-06-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230620150821/https://www.menafn.com/qn_news_story_s.aspx?storyid=1095810526&title=Somaliland-Asli-Maydi-Chinese-Investors-and-The-Politics-of-Frankincense&src=RSS |dead-url=yes }}</ref> *AL IKHWa *Som tuna factory *Shaah yahan * xaaji salaaben gaagale (Baho) *Mubarak Pharmacy company *Al Badar Enterprise. <references /> • Mubarik Fuel Station 536spf14zuwfh61nrxicap5037f89xh 0 28473 297115 296050 2026-05-11T00:18:14Z Dabayl 12159 Noqay bedelaadka [[Special:Diff/284152|284152]] ee sameeyay [[Special:Contributions/Muuse11999886|Muuse11999886]] ([[User talk:Muuse11999886|hadal]]) 297115 wikitext text/x-wiki [[file:This_image_contains_information_about_axmed_farax_clan_muse_abokor_habarjeclo.jpg]] Ahmed faarax [[biciide]] waa reer ka tirsan biciide waxay degaan [[Ceerigaabo|cerigaabo]] [[Ceelafweyn|celafweyn]] iyo guud ahan gobolka [[sanaag]] waxa ka dhashay dad caana oo ay kamid yohin reer axmed yare == jilibada axmed faarax== *🔸axmed faarax *🔸xasan axmed *🔸xuseen axmed *🔸cabdalla axmed *🔸cali axmed *Abokor axmed *CABDALE AXMED *🔸ceel cabdalla *🔸maxamed cabdalla *🔸isaxaaq cabdalla *🔸siciid cabdalla *🔸cismaan cabdalla ***🔸yoonis cismaan **🔸maxamed cismaan *🔸siciid maxamed *🔸faarax maxamed *🔸cali maxamed *🔸xuseen maxamed *🔸abakor maxamed *🔸CALI AXMED ****🔸yabaal cali *🔸samatar cali *🔸muumin cali *🔸muuse cali *🔸Amare muuse *🔸Axmed muuse *🔸cali muuse *🔸cabdalah muuse ▪️k✌️ tegmxod2oq3bnohafs7ate7tqiixoy6 0 31732 297131 265545 2026-05-11T05:18:33Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 297131 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Scott dixon (42376564700).jpg|thumb|Scott Dixon]] '''Scott Ronald Dixon''' (wuxuu ku dhashay [[Brisbane, Australia]], Luulyo 22, 1981), oo lagu naaneeso ''The Iceman'', waa xirfadle ku takhasusay baabuurta [[New Zealand]] ee hadda ku tartamaya [[IndyCar Series]]. Wuxuu ahaa horyaalkii xilli ciyaareedyadii 2003, 2008, 2013, 2015, 2018 iyo 2020 kooxda [[Chip Ganassi Racing]] team.<ref>[https://www.stuff.co.nz/sport/motorsport/96904569/scott-dixons-journey-from-his-nissan-sentra-to-motorsport-legend Scott Dixon's journey from his Nissan Sentra to motorsport legend]. Stuff. Retrieved 1 May 2020.</ref><ref>[http://www.chipganassiracing.com/News/2014/4/SCOTT-DIXON-IS-BECOMING-A-LEGEND-OF-OPEN-WHEEL-RACING.aspx SCOTT DIXON IS BECOMING A LEGEND OF OPEN-WHEEL RACING] {{Wayback|url=http://www.chipganassiracing.com/News/2014/4/SCOTT-DIXON-IS-BECOMING-A-LEGEND-OF-OPEN-WHEEL-RACING.aspx |date=20210107060243 }}. [[Chip Ganassi Racing]]. Retrieved 1 May 2020.</ref> ==Tixraac== {{reflist}} ==Xiriirinta dibedda== {{commons}} *[http://www.scottdixon.com Bogga rasmiga ah]{{Dead link|date=Bisha Shanaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} h47giuaivb40endfxw9rh6fgbhjry6l 0 36203 297107 295770 2026-05-10T18:49:29Z Dabayl 12159 /* Fanka iyo Reeryoonis */ Waxan saxay fananinta 297107 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Sandalada habarjeclo reer yoonis.jpg]] {{Farac||group=REER YOONIS <br> رير يونس|flag=[[File:Flag_of_Somaliland.svg|60px]][[File:Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg|60px]][[File:Flag_of_Djibouti.svg|45px]][[File:Flag_of_Kenya.svg|45px]]|image=|region1={{flagcountry|Somaliland}}|region2={{flagcountry|Ethiopia}}|region3={{flagcountry|Djibouti}}|region4={{flagcountry|Kenya}}|langs=[[Somali language|Somali]], [[Arabic language|Arabic]]|rels=[[Islam]] ([[Sunni Islam|Sunni]])|related-c= [[biciide]], [[bahmajeelo]],[[buraale yoonis]], [[maxamed barre]], [[cali barre]], [[uduruxmiin muuse]], [[idarays muuse]] and other [[Muuse Abokor]] groups <!-- CONFIRMED RELATIONS!!! -->}}'''[[Reeryoonis]] yoonis''' ( [[Af-Ingiriisi]] '''REER YUNUS''' , [[Af-Carabi]] رير يونس , Magaca Oo Dhamaystiran: ''1-yoonis 2- yoonis 3- Cabdiraxmaan 4-muuse 5- abokor 6- jibrill 7-abokor 8-muuse 9- sh isxaaq'' ; sidoo kale loo yaqaan '''REER YOONIS''', ama '''Saldanada habar jeclo''' ) waa beel weyn oo Soomaaliyeed oo ka tirsan qoyska guud ee [[habarjeclo|beelweynta [[muuse abokor]], waxaana loo sii kala qaybiyay dhawr beelood oo ay ugu waaweyn yihiin [[maxamed yoonis]] iyo [[cismaan yoonis]]. <ref>Ciise Musse|Ciise Muuse</ref>.waxaana lagu qiyaasa ama ay ka kooban yihiin 120,000 oo qof waxayna ka tirsan yihiim beela weynta [[Muuse Abokor|muse abokor]]. [[Reeryoonis]] dhaqan ahaan wuxuu ka kooban yahay reer [[Reer guuraa|guuraa]] [[Xoolo|xoolaley]] , dadka [[Xeeb|xeebta]] deggan, [[Ganacsi|ganacsato]] iyo [[beeraley]] . Reer yoonis saameyn siyaasadeed iyo dhaqaale oo miisaan badan ayuu ku leeyahay [[Somaliland]], waxayna degan yihiin dhul xeebeed iyo dhul beereed ku fadhiya ilaa 18,000 KM square ah, Reer Yoonis waa midkamida beelaha [[Habar Jeclo|habarjeclo]] kuwa ugu balaadhan uguna saameynta badan waana [[Saldanadii Ajuuraan|saldanada]] habarjeclo beelaha reeryoonis oo dega dhul aad u kala fog sida nugaal saraar guban xeeb bariga ilaa howdka dushiisa beeshu waxay degtaa wadanka somaliland gaar ahaan gobolada Togdheer Saraar Sool saaxil iyo sanaag waxaana kasoojeeda rag badan oo magac iyo maamuusba kulaha taarikhda somalida waxana kamid suldaan cali muuse oo ahaa suldaanki ugu [[Reeryoonis|horeyay]] ee habarjeclo yeelato iyo wilkisa oo hada ah suldaanka habarjeclo suldaan cabdilahi suldaan cali waxa kalo kasoo jeeda kite fiqi oo aha abanduule inbadan tarikhdisa aad maqashen oo hogaminjiray colki soocane ee reeryonis , iyo abaanduule Caateeye Afkubo oo kamid ahaa raggii hogaamiyaasha ahaa ee talinayay waayo badan ilaa dabayaqadi qarnigi tagay. [[Ceelka caynaba]] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YF2NGVJld2o [[Xaafada cuqubo ee magaalada burco]] ==qaybaha ay u kala baxaaan reeryoonis== *1- [[Reeryoonis]] *yoonis *yoonis *2- [[Cismaan yoonis]] *2- [[maxamed yoonis]] *2- [[maxamed yoonis]] *3- [[looge maxamed]] *3- [[allamagan maxamed]] *3- [[looge maxamed]] *4- Faahiye looge *4- maxamed looge *3- Liibaan maxamed *3- Samatar maxamed *4- -Abtidoon liiban *4- Hagar liiban *4- Hagar liiban *5- Shire hagar (reer shire) *4- -Abtidoon liiban *5- Abokor abtidoon(reer abokor) *5- Muuuse abtidoon *5- Muuuse abtidoon *6- Faarax muuse(Faarax Jabane) *6- Guuleed muuse *6- Reer Guutaale muuse *3- [[allamagan maxamed]] *4-[[Hayiile Allamagan]] *4-[[Siciid Allamagan(reer siciid)]] *4-[[Kaliil allamagan]] *4-[[Xildiid Allamagan]] '''''(reer siciid)''''' siciid alamagan 🕳️muuse siciid 🕳️xasan siciid 🕳️ iiman siciid **4-Xildiid Allamagan *5-Wacays xildiid *5-Gadiid Xildiid *5-Gadiid Xildiid *6-Cali Gadiid *6-Colow Gadiid *6-Geedi Gadiid *6-Geedi Gadiid *7-Reer Faarax Geedi *7-Reer Faarax Geedi *8-Reer yuusuf faarax *8-Qodax faarax *8-Cartan faarax *8-Girni faarax *8-Salebaan faarax *8-Alaale Faarax *8-Ismacil faarax *8-Muuse faarax *2- [[Cismaan yoonis]] *3-[[maxamed cismaan]] *3- [[Bare Cismaan (reer bare)]] *4- axmed barre *4- barkad bare *4- faahiye bare *3- [[maxamed cismaan]] **4- [[cali maxamed]] **4- [[wacays maxamed (baale yaal)]] *4- [[cali maxamed]] **5- ibraahim cali **5- siciid cali **5- sahal cali **5- cabdi cali *[[wacays maxamed (baale yaal)]] **5- cilmi baal **5- caafi baale **5- samatar baale **5- muuse baale == Dhulka ay degaan reeryoonis. == '''Gobolka Togdheer''' 1 [[Burco]] 2 [[Fiqi ayuub]] 3 [[Jablehe]] 4 [[Higlo]] 5 [[Warta xooga]] i 6 [[degmada madaxyaweyn]] 7 [[Bali buraale]] 8 [[kaam reer colow]] 9 [[bali hayiile]] 7 Xood 8 Xayira 9 [[wiriir]] 10 [[food cadde]] '''Gobolka Saaxil''' 1 [[Berbera]] 2 Laasciidle 3 Beeyo-macaan 4 Gaha 5 Eldarad 6 [[Karin]] 7 [[Raaribuul]] 8 [[Conqor]] 9 [[Ceelbaxay]] 9 Gambaxo '''Gobolka-Sool/Saraar''' 1.Degmada [[Caynaba]] 2 .[[Habariheshay|Habari Heshay]] 3.[[Ceeldhaab]] 4.[[Buqdharkayn]] 5.Deg.[[War Idaad|Waridaad]] 6 Ceeldhaab 7 Deg. [[Dhanaano]] 8 Tukub 9 [[Barkada cali xirsi]] 10 Dhudhub Dhiilo 11 Kurwadne 12 Ceelahelay 13 Ceegaaar 14. Dhadhin Wiyileed 15.Dhoobaweyne 16.Dhallaamacune 17.Ballaadhis 18.Bali Godcarmo 19.Wiriir 20.Kalabaydh 21.Bali Cilmi 22.Balli Cali 23.Berkedda Gosha 24.Karinka Cabdi Xasan 25.Barqomaal 26.Deg.Ceelal 27.Xundhurgaal 28.Caromadow 29.Mashruuca 30.Muguca 31.Qoridheere 32.Gumburo Xanaageeyo Gobolka sanaag 1 laasmuuse 2 Baylah male 3. Haadla' 4. [[Ballanbaal]] 5.Ceel Cadde 6. Soddonley == Mujaahidinta beelaha Reeryoonis == Mujaahidiintii beelaha Rer yoonis inta an ka hayo wa intan waxase jira mujaahidiin kale o an cidi magacooda xafidin alle how naxariisto indhii dhimatay inta noola alle cimriga how dheereye 1. Muj : Saleebaan Maxamed Salaad ( reer-yoonis Cali Maxamed) 2. Muj : Abwaan aadan tarabi ( ree-yoonis cali maxamed) 3. muj : Aw-Cumar Ahmed Diriiye ( reer-yoonis reer barre) 4.Muj: Maxamed haybe x.ismaciil ( Reer-yoonis baale waceys caafi baale ) 5. Muj : Xuseen Saleeban Tarabi Ogle (Ifiso) (reer-yoonis Muuse baale) 6.Muj : korneel Xasan maxamed siciid (halataa) ( reer-yoonis reer bare) 7. Muj : Iliga dhiiga (reer-yoonis Allamagan) 8. Muj : siigo cir ( reer-yoonis looge) 9. Muj : Yuusuf jamac dirac Caqar (reer-yoonis Reer bare) 10. Muj : ilma jaamac ducaale mataanaha (Reer-yoonis Alamagan hayiinle) 11. Muj : indha case ( reer-yoonis Allamagan reer siciid) 12. Muj : Suufi ( reer-yoonis allamagan) 13. Muj : Cawil Xaashi Cali geri ( reer-yoonis cali maxamed) 14. Muj : Maxamuud Ayaanle Cartan ( reer-yoonis cali maxamed) 15. Muj : Qaliif sandheere ( reer yoonis bale wacays Musa Baale) 16. Muj : salaad jaamac diiriye baraar reer yoonis baale wacays cilmi baale 17. Muj : Cali Dirir xirsi reer yoonis baale wacays cilmi baale 18. Muj : biiq jareeye reer yoonis cali maxamed 19. Muj: cabdi dheere reer yoonis cali maxamed 20. Muj: Cisaaman Cabdillahi Siciid ( cismaan dheere) ( Reeryonis muuse baale) 21. Muj: Hurre xirsi gaani reer yoonis Reer Bare 22. Muj: Kayse Bigeeye reeryoonis muuse baale 23. Muj: Barre gadhyare Cilmi baale 24. Muj: Bilibili reer yoonis reer bare 25. Muj: tagoogo ina guuleed reer yoonis cali maxamed 26. Muj: aadan maxamed gabal reer yoonis cali maxamed 27. Daahir bidaar Maxamed warsame reer yoonis cali maxamed 28. Muj: aadan gefershe reer yoonis cali maxamed 29. Muj: isgal dubad cismaan reer yoonis cali maxamed 30. Muj: Qaaqani reer yoonis Rer bare 31. Muj: camiraaye reer yoonis cali maxamed 32. Muj: Tarabi Ogle Faarax muuse baale 33. Muj: cabdulaahi bulaale khayre reer yoonis cali maxamed 34. Muj: axmed bile caateeye (sanburo) reer yoonis cali maxamed 35. Muj: gowre reer yoonis baale wacays caafi baale 36. Muj: Yuusuf cali madoobe reer yoonis allamagan 37. Muj: cali geedi reer yoonis Allamagan 38. Muj: Laba iyo luqun reer yoonis reer barre 39. Muj: iskoris reer yoonis baale wacays caafi baale 40. Muj: hure ciise reer yoonis baale wacays caafi baale 39. Muj: maxamuud wadhaf looge maxamed 40. muj. amare Siciid cawl reer yoonis Cilmi baale 41. muj.Amare Cabdilaahi Dirir reer yoonis C.maxamed 42.Muj. Maxamed Maxamoud Xasan (sakaaro) reer yoonis cali 43. Muj.saleebaan cirro Cali waqooyi reer yoonis reer barre 44.Muj. Daud Axmed Hankar Reer yoonis Reer barre 45. bisad Daahir Qodax Reer Yonis Reer Barre 46.Muj. Axmed Cali Saxar (Tx)reer yoonis Alla magan 47. Muj jama Cali Saxar Reer yoonis alla magan 48. Muj. cabdi Geele Cagoole reer Yoonis Reer barre 49.Muj.Salebaan Diiriye Jibriil Reer yoonis Reer barre 50. Muj. maxamed Cumar (Wadhaa) reer Yoonis cali maxamed 51. Muj.Cirguje cilmi Falan Reer yoonis samatar baale 52. Muj. max'ed Saleban Jama (afweyne) reer yoonis cali maxamed 53.Muj.yuusuf jama nuur (Xodha) reer yoonis Muuse baale 54.Muj.Xarbi samatar Daqare reer yoonis Alla magan 55. Muj. Bile Jama Geedi reer yoonis Looge max'ed 56. Muj.Cawale Galaal Reer yoonis Alla magan 57. Muj. Cali Dirir Cali Reer yoonis Cali Maxamed 58. Muj. Haybe obsiinye Dhunkaal Reer yoonis reer barre 59.Muj. Xaaji Jaamac siciid Rer yoonis muuse baale 60. Muj. Caqil Cismaan Caano-nuug Reer yoonis caafi baale 61.Muj. Caqil Cabdi Caano-nuug Reer yoonis Caafi baale 62. Muj. c/laahi Jama Siciid Baydari Reer yoonis Cilmi baale 63. Muj.Gacan Cabilaahi Tukub Reer yoonis Cilmi baale 64. Muj. ibraahim cawil dhegonaw Taransite reer yonis Cali Maxamed 65. Muj. biindhe reer yoonis cilmi baale 66. Muj. Mursal Xaji Warsame Reer yoonis Reer Barre 67. Muj. Max'ud Saleban Jamac Baago Reer yoonis cali Maxamed 68. Cabdi Jama Magan reer Yoonis Caafi Baale 69. Aadan Ismaaciil Jamac jeenicade Rer yoonis Cali maxamed 70. Muj. Siciid Maxamed Dawaare muuse Baale 71. Muj nuux jaamac maxamed (nuux bidaar) [[looge maxamed]] 72. Muj siciid diiriye looge maxamed 73. Muj axmed ismacil haburburin [[looge maxamed]] 74. Muj calanle muuse maxamed [[Looge maxamed]] 75. Mujaahid maxamud ibraahim cadaan weyne [[Looge maxamed]] Ragaaasi dhamaan waxay ahaayeen ragii halaa dagaaladii ad adka e snm gashay : hadaba ku darso hadad hayso mujaahidiin muhiimo an ka tegey ama ilaawey :...........................................................................● == culimada ugu caansan iyo siyaasi hiinta beelaha Reeryoonis == 1: SH [[Cali Warsame]] sheekhal baladki magalada burco, 2: SH SICIID DUCAALE (AW SALAWAAD), 3. Dr Sh. Xasan Sheikh Cali Warsame, 4. Sh cabdi wahaab xaashi sheekha daawenta diinta iskamka geeska afrika, Siyaasiyiinta Caanka ah Ee Reer Yoonis 1.wasiir hore Ali saeed raygal 2.Wasiir Cismaan Abdilahi Jama ( Saylici) 2. AHN 3.[[korneyl Xasan Cabdi Khayre]] 4. AHN Wasiir Hore Abdilaahi Cali Ibaahim 5. Wasiir/Xildhibaan Maxamed Cabdi Xayir (mareeye) 6. Wasiir Hore Hinda Jaamac Xirsi Gaani 7. wasiir Salebaan Warsame Guuleed 8. Abdalle Ali saeed U doodaha Xuquuqda aadanaha Xildhibaanada Reer Yoonis 1.Ex Xil:Ibraahim Axmed Raygal (2005-2021) 2. AHN Ex Xil: Aadan Tarabi Oogle (2005-2013) 3. AHN Ex Xil:Faarax Maxamoud Abdulle (2005-2022) 4.AHN Ex Xil: Foodcade Cali Xasar (1993-2005) 5. AHN Ex Xil. Cismaan Maxamoud Jama (dawiil) 1991-2008 6.Xil. Cawil Cismaan Maxamoud (ina Dawiil)(2008-....) 7.Xil:Mustafe Axmed Cabdilahi (khayreeye)(2021..) 8. Xil: Maxamuud Xayir Ducaale (2021......) 9. Xil:Axmed Muuse Jaamac (2021...) '''Halgamaasha Caanka Ah Ee Reer Yoonis ''' 1. ibraahim Fiqi Yuusuf (Kitte) 2:Xeerbeegti Barre Maxamud Maxed (Barre gadh-dheere) 4.Xeer-beegti Cabdi Xasan aadan (cabdi kidaar) 5. Jaamac Warsame aadan (abaar) 6. Abaan duule [[Caateeye (afkubo)|caateeye afkubo]] == Fanka iyo Reeryoonis == '''Fanaaniinta Reer Yoonis''' 1. [[Saafi Ducaale Dhagaxay]] 3.Cabdi jaamac Diiriye (raamboo) 4. Sabirine Muuse 5. Abdale bidixo 6. Khadar rambo 7. Hibaaq Maxamed 8. Khaalid kaamil 9. Cabdirisaaq mahdi ducaale 8. abdifatax dhuxul == Ganacsatada Caanka Ah Ee Beesha Reer Yoonis == 1.[[Cabdi Indhadeero|Cabdi Cawed Cali (Indhadeero )]] alle haw Naxariisto 2. biyayse Alle haw naxariisto 3. Calanle Muuse Maxamed alle haw naxariistee 4. Cabdi Aadan Cismaan 5. Cabdi Cabdilaahi Warsame SH. Abdulhanan Ibrahim Warsame 6. Cabdirashiid Salaad Rooble <references />7. Dr Maxamed SH Ali Warsame 8. Cadnan Maxamad Casaayr 9 . Saleeban Dheere 10. Shiine bushaaro https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YF2NGVJld2o [[Muuse Abokor]] 9ha7lprx817hpd6rhz323pzs1klr9n0 0 43418 297127 288432 2026-05-11T03:23:56Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 297127 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Kubra Khan | image = | caption = | birth_name = Rabia Iqbal Khan (رابعہ اقبال خان) | birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=y|1993|6|16}} | birth_place = [[Kabirwala]], [[Punjab]], [[Bakistaan]], Pakistan | citizenship = [[Pakistani]] <br /> [[Dadka British |British]]<ref>{{cite news |url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/1643611/4-ive-lost-will-going-bollywood-kubra-khan |last=Sarym |first=Ahmed |title=I've lost the will of going to Bollywood: Kubra Khan |date=24 February 2018 |newspaper=The Express Tribune |location=Karachi |access-date=17 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180713204357/https://www.hum.tv/did-you-know-kubra-khan-was-offered-the-lead-role-in-verna/ |archive-date=13 July 2018 |url-status=dead}}</ref> | other_names = | occupation = Jilaa | years_active = 2013–hada | height = 1.71m | known_for = | spouse = {{Marriage|[[Gohar Rasheed]]|2025}} }} '''Rabia Iqbal Khan''' (Urdu : رابعہ اقبال خان ) oo loo yaqaan masraxa magaceeda Kubra Khan ( Urdu : کبریٰ خان ; waxay dhalatay 16 Juun 1993), waa jilaa Pakistani ah oo ka shaqeysa telefishanka Urdu iyo filimada. Sanadkii 2014 ayay soo gashay filimkeedii ugu horeeyay ee Na Maloom Afraad . Khan ayaa lagu tilmaamaa inuu ka mid yahay atariishooyinka ugu mushaarka badan qaranka ee saxafada. Khan ayaa kasoo muuqday aflaan guulo gaaray sida Jawani Phir Nahi Ani 2 , Parwaaz Hai Junoon (labadaba 2018), iyo London Nahi Jaunga (2022) Shaqadeeda telefishinka waxaa ka mid ah riwaayadaha la garaacay, Sang-e-Mar Mar (2016), Alif Allah Aur Insaan (2017), Alif (2019), Hum Kahan Ke Sachay Thay iyo Sinf-e-Aahan ( labadaba 2021), iyo Jannat Se Aagay (2023) ==Nolosha hore== Waxay ku dhalatay meel u dhow Multan , Punjab 16 June 1993, qoyskeedu waxay u guureen Boqortooyada Ingiriiska iyadoo 6 bilood jir ah, waxayna markii hore ahayd gabar model ah, iyadoo ay aragtay xaaska mustaqbalka ee Ahmed Ali Butt ee Fatima Khan, ka dibna Butt walaalkii, ka hor inta aysan noqon atariisho. ==Xirfad== Khan filimkiisii ​​ugu horeeyay iyo sidoo kale filimkisii ugu horeeyay waxaa la calaamadeeyay sanadii 2013 kaaso uu sameeyay shactirada Action-ka ah ee Na Maloom Afraad , halkaaso ay ku soo bandhigtay Hina oo ah gabar ka shaqeysa bangiga isla markaana jaceylka u heyso hogaamiyaha filimkan Mohsin Abbas Haider . Dib u eegis ka socda Gulf Times ayaa u arkay joogitaankeeda inay tahay "ku dhawaad ​​malaa'ig u eg" laakiin waxay dhaleecaysay hal-ku-dheggeeda aan ku habboonayn iyo wacdinta Sanadkii 2015, Khan wuxuu kasoo muuqday filimkii Bollywoodka ee Welcome 2 Karachi Waxay samaysay muuqaalkeedii ugu horreeyay ee telefishinka ee Sang-e-Mar Mar , kaas oo laga sii daayay Hum TV 2016. Sadaf Haider oo ka mid ah Sawirrada DAWN waxay ku tilmaantay mid ka mid ah xiddigaha jaban ee taxanaha, iyada oo xustay "wax qabad si qurux badan loo xakameeyay sida Shireen Waxay ku xigtay in ay ka soo muuqatay xilliga ruuxiga ah ee Khuda Aur Muhabbat 2 iyada oo ah gabadh maad ah oo markii dambe kobcisa ruuxinimada Khan ayaa markaas qoray dhibbanaha kufsiga guurka ee caddaaladda raadinaya riwaayadda Andaaz-e-Sitam Waxay sanadka ku soo gabagabaysay door la mid ah dhibbanaha kufsiga ee riwaayad bulsho Muqabil , taas oo ay ku heshay Lux Style Award ee Abaalmarinta Aktarada TV-ga ugu wanaagsan ee 17-aad Lux ​​Style Awards Waxay yeelatay muuqaalkeedii ugu horreeyay ee 2017 ee riwaayadda ruuxiga ah Alif Allah Aur Insaan oo ah gabadh kibir iyo kibir badan oo qoys feudal ah. Waxay muujisay inaysan ku qanacsanayn waxqabadkeeda Kadib waxay ku ciyaartay gabadh ay jaar yihiin majaajillada jacaylka ah Shadi Mubarak Ho . Sawirkeeda xiga waxa uu ahaa muuqaal kooban oo ah daaqad fanjabi ah oo London ka dhisan oo riwaayad bulsho Daldal ah . 2018, waxay ka soo muuqatay filimada Pakistani ah Jawani Phir Nahi Ani 2 iyo Parwaaz Hai Junoon , labadooduba waxay soo baxeen 22 Agoosto Ciidul Adxa . Iyadoo dib u eegis ku samaynaysa wax qabadkeeda Jawani Phir Nahi Ani 2 , Mohammad Kamran Jawaid oo Dawn ah waxa ay go'aamisay in "quruxda quruxda badan ay ku haboon tahay doorkeeda Waxay ku soo noqotay telefishanka sanadka 2019 iyada oo wadata jacayl-jacayl Alif , oo muujinaysa Husn-e-Jahan, oo ah jilaa caan ah oo shaleemo Bakistaan ​​ah oo ka tagtay shaqadeeda si ay u guursato wiil sawir-qaade ah. Iyadoo ku sifaysay mashruucan mid "ugu xusuusta badan" iyada, Khan waxay muujisay inay siisay "qalbiga iyo nafta Alif . Sannadkii 2022, waxay ku sawirtay Mashal Tahir, oo ah arday jaamacadeed oo dareen ahaan jilicsan oo aan ammaan ahayn oo ku jira riwaayad cilmi nafsi Hum Kahan Ke Sachay Thay oo ku salaysan sheeko-yaqaanka caanka ah ee Umera Ahmad. Maria Kari oo ka tirsan Sawirada DAWN waxay ogaatay in Mashal ahaan, Khan "uu feeray Khan ayaa markaas ku sawirtay saxafi dhaawaceeda carruurnimada ka soo gaartay riwaayad-daahsoon ee Sang-e-Mah , iyadoo la wadaageysa Atif Aslam . Kiimikada shaashadda ee Aslam ayaa si weyn loo ammaanay, in kasta oo waxqabadkeeda la ilduufay. Isla sanadkaas, waxay ku soo noqotay shaashadaha shineemooyinka, iyada oo ay la jilaysay Humayun Saeed ee majaajillada jacaylka ah ee London Nahi Jaunga iyada oo ah gabadh reer Punjabi ah oo wax bartay. Rafay Mahmood oo ka tirsan The Express Tribune wuxuu u helay inay tahay "xirmo yaab leh oo dhab ah" kaasoo "u maamula shaashadda iyo kamarada, si isku mid ah Bandhiga ayaa ku mutaystay in loo magacaabo Aktarada Filimada ugu Fiican Abaalmarinta 22nd Lux ​​Style Awards Sannadkii 2023-kii, Khan waxa uu ku jilay Jannat Ali Khan riwaayadda ontology Jannat Se Aagay iyada oo iyaduna ka ahayd daadihiye TV show taaso nolosheeda gaarka ah saamayn ku yeelatay xiddignimadeeda awgeed, iyada oo dib u eegis wanaagsan ku heshay; Gaitee Ara Siddiqi oo ka tirsan The News International ayaa sheegtay in ay qabatay "shaqo la ammaani karo" oo soo jeedinaysa in la horumariyo gudbinta wada hadalka 2024, waxay ka soo muuqatay taxanaha telefishanka Noor Jahan iyada oo ah Noor Bano Shah. ==Muran== 2023, warbixino ayaa soo baxay oo sheegaya in Ciidanka Pakistan, oo ay hogaaminayaan COAS hore Qamar Javed Bajwa iyo DG hore ee Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI) Faiz Hameed , ay shaqaaleysiisey atariishooyinka si ay u dabo galiyaan ugana dhigaan siyaasiyiinta dalka. Sheegashadan waxaa sameeyay Major Adil Raja oo shaqada ka fadhiistay, kaas oo soo jeediyay in atariishooyinka loo isticmaalo soo saarista muuqaalo wax u dhimaya oo lagu hayo guryo ammaan ah oo ku xidhan ISI. Mid ka mid ah atariishooyinka lagu sheegay eedeymaha ayaa ah Kubra Khan oo beenisay sheegashadaas, iyadoo ku tilmaantay kuwa aan sal iyo raad lahayn Isaga oo ka jawaabaya eedeymaha, Khan ayaa sidoo kale ku hanjabay in tallaabo sharci ah laga qaadi doono Adil Raja oo sumcad dil u geystay. Raja ayaa markii dambe soo saartay raaligelin Khan, isagoo caddeeyay in ujeedkiisu uusan ahayn inuu beegsado haweenka laakiin uu muujiyo arrimo badan oo nidaamsan. ==Nolosha gaarka ah== Janaayo 2025 Khan iyo saaxiibkeed Gohar Rasheed ayaa ku dhawaaqay arooskooda soo socda. ==Liiska Filimada== ===Filimada=== {| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" |- style="text-align:center;" ! scope="col"|Sanadka ! scope="col"|Ciwaanka ! scope="col"|Doorka ! class="unsortable" scope="col"|Xusuusin ! class="unsortable" scope="col"|Tixraac |- |2014 ! scope="row"| ''[[Na Maloom Afraad]]'' | Hina | | |- |2014 ! scope="row"| ''The Conversations'' | Perfect girl |British short film | |- | 2015 ! scope="row"| ''[[Welcome 2 Karachi]]'' | Asma | Hindi film | |- | rowspan="2" | 2018 ! scope="row"| ''[[Jawani Phir Nahi Ani 2]]'' | Selina | | <ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/magazine/instep-today/241894-Kubra-Khan-joins-the-cast-of-Jawani-Phir-Ani-2 |title=Kubra Khan joins the cast of Jawani Phir Ani 2 |last=NewsBytes |access-date=3 June 2018 |language=en}}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| ''[[Parwaaz Hai Junoon]]'' | Fiza | | |- |2019 ! scope="row"| ''[[Superstar (2019 film)|Superstar]]'' |Herself |Special appearance in the song "Dhadak Bhadak" | |- |2022 ! scope="row"| ''[[London Nahi Jaunga]]'' |Arzoo | |<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.somethinghaute.com/humayun-saeed-confirms-london-nahi-jaunga-will-come-on-eid-ul-azha-this-year/ |title=Humayun Saeed confirms London Nahi Jaunga will come on Eid ul Azha this year |date=18 May 2022 |access-date=12 June 2022 |publisher=Something Haute }}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Shanaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://dailytimes.com.pk/950729/london-nahi-jaunga-trailer-is-finally-out/ |title='London Nahi Jaunga' trailer is finally out! |date=12 June 2022 |access-date=12 June 2022 |work=Daily Times}}</ref> |- |2024 !scope="row"|''[[Abhi (2024 film)|Abhi]]'' | Zara | |<ref>{{Cite web |last=Javeria |date=2024-05-15 |title=Pakistani Movie "Abhi" will Release on Eid ul Adha 2024 |url=https://fusionpakistan.pk/drama/pakistani-film-abhi-cast/ |access-date=2024-05-16 |website=Fusion Pakistan |language=en-US |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |archive-date=2024-05-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240516143445/https://fusionpakistan.pk/drama/pakistani-film-abhi-cast/ |dead-url=yes }}</ref> |} === Telefishanka === {| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" |- style="text-align:center;" ! scope="col"|Sanadka ! scope="col"|Ciwaanka ! scope="col"|Doorka !Network ! class="unsortable" scope="col" |Notes ! class="unsortable" scope="col"|Tixraac |- | rowspan="3" |2016 ! scope="row"|''[[Sang-e-Mar Mar]]'' | Shireen |[[Hum TV]]|| {{no wrap|Debut}} || |- ! scope="row"|''[[Khuda Aur Muhabbat]]'' | Sarah |[[Geo Entertainment]]|| || |- ! scope="row"|''[[Muqabil]]'' | Parisa |[[ARY Digital]]|| || |- | rowspan="2" |2017 ! scope="row"|''[[Andaaz-e-Sitam]]'' |Aayat |[[Urdu 1]]|| || |- ! scope="row" |''Shaadi {{no wrap|Mubarak Ho}}'' | Zoya |[[ARY Digital]]|| || |- |2017-2018 ! scope="row"|''[[Alif Allah Aur Insaan]]'' | Nazneen |[[Hum TV]]|| || |- |2019 ! scope="row"|''[[Alif (TV series)|Alif]]'' |Husn e Jahan |[[Geo Entertainment]] | |<ref>{{cite news |title=Hamza Ali Abbasi, Sajal Aly and Kubra Khan to star in 'Alif' |url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/1721683/4-hamza-ali-abbasi-sajal-aly-kubra-khan-star-alif/ |access-date=29 May 2018 |work=The Express Tribune |date=29 May 2018}}</ref> |- |2021 ! scope="row"|''[[Hum Kahan Ke Sachay Thay]]'' | Mashal |[[Hum TV]] | |<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://dailytimes.com.pk/789074/usman-mukhtar-to-star-opposite-mahira-and-kubra-in-his-next/ |title=Usman Mukhtar to star opposite Mahira and Kubra in his next |date=11 July 2021 |website=Daily Times |access-date=11 July 2021}}</ref> |- |2021-2022 ! scope="row" | ''[[Sinf-e-Aahan]]'' | Mahjabeen Mastan |[[ARY Digital]] | |<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/latest/892361-i |title=Sajal Aly, Kubra Khan display valor in Sinf-e-Aahan first look |date=14 September 2021 |website=The News |access-date=14 November 2021}}</ref> |- |2022 ! scope="row" | ''[[Sang-e-Mah]]'' | Sheherzaad |[[Hum TV]] | |<ref>{{cite news |url=https://images.dawn.com/news/1189149 |title=Atif Aslam, Hania Aamir and Kubra Khan's drama Sang-e-Mah to premiere first episode in cinemas |date=3 January 2022 |work=Images by [[Dawn (newspaper)|Dawn]] |access-date=16 January 2022}}</ref> |- |2023 ! scope="row" | ''[[Jannat Se Aagay]]'' | Jannat Ali Khan |[[Geo Entertainment]] | | <ref>{{cite web|url=https://images.dawn.com/news/1190791|title=Kubra Khan, Gohar Rasheed, Ramsha Khan and Talha Chahour to share the screen for Haseeb Hassan's upcoming drama|date=3 September 2022|access-date=3 August 2023|author=Irfan ul Haq|work=Dawn Images}}</ref> |- | 2024 ! scope="row" |''[[Noor Jahan (2024 TV series)|Noor Jahan]]'' | Noor Bano Shah |[[ARY Digital]] | | |- | 2025 ! scope="row" |''[[Meri Tanhai]]'' | Maryam Ali Murad (aka Mary) |[[Hum TV]] | | <ref>{{cite web|url=https://dunyanews.tv/en/Entertainment/859815-first-episode-of-kubra-azaan-starrer-meri-tanhai-wows-fans-|title=First episode of Kubra, Azaan starrer 'Meri Tanhai' wows fans|date=31 December 2024|work=Dunya News|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250312104509/https://dunyanews.tv/en/Entertainment/859815-first-episode-of-kubra-azaan-starrer-meri-tanhai-wows-fans-|archive-date=12 March 2025|url-status=live}}</ref> |- |{{TBA}} ! style="background:#ffc;"|''Doctor Bahu'' {{dagger|alt=Films that have not yet been released}} |{{TBA}} |[[ARY Digital]] | |<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-05-14 |title=Kubra Khan And Shuja Asad Upcoming Drama Details {{!}} Reviewit.pk |url=https://reviewit.pk/kubra-khan-and-shuja-asad-upcoming-drama-details/ |access-date=2025-08-21 |language=en-US}}</ref> |- |{{TBA}} !Fatima Jinnah |Homai Vyarawalla | | |<ref>{{Citation |title=Fatima Jinnah - a Sister |type=Biography, Drama, History |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt36058979/ |access-date=2025-09-16 |others=Samar Jafri, Kubra Khan, Samina Ahmed}}</ref> |} === Filim Telefishan=== {| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" |- style="text-align:center;" ! scope="col"|Sanadka ! scope="col"|Ciwaanka ! scope="col"|Doorka !Network ! class="unsortable" scope="col" | !Tixraac | rowspan="2" |2019 ! scope="row"|''[[Laal (film)|Laal]]'' |Samira |[[Geo Entertainment]] |<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/magazine/instep-today/428910-bilal-abbas-khan-to-essay-a-navy-officer-in-his-next-laal |title=Bilal Abbas Khan to essay a Navy officer in his next, Laal |last=NewsBytes |website=The News International |language=en |access-date=7 July 2019}}</ref> |- ! scope="row"|''Raja Ki Chandni'' |Chandni | rowspan="2" |[[Hum TV]] |<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://images.dawn.com/news/1182941 |title=Mohsin Abbas Haider tries to woo Kubra Khan in telefilm Raja Ki Chandni |last=Haq |first=Irfan Ul |date=4 June 2019 |website=DAWN |language=en |access-date=7 July 2019}}</ref> |- | rowspan="2" |2021 !scope="row" | ''Bholay Bhalay Sayan'' | |<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NJSK3fM3pQI |title=Bholay Bhalay Sayan {{!}} Telefilm {{!}} HUM Digital Telefilm Festival |date=2021-02-27 |last=HUM TV |access-date=2025-08-21 |via=YouTube}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" | ''Absolutely Knot'' |Hania |[[ARY Digital]] |<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=829lJZUAhjg |title=Absolutely Knot {{!}} Kubra Khan {{!}} Vasay Chaudhry {{!}} ARY Digital |date=2021-07-22 |last=ARY Digital HD |access-date=2025-08-21 |via=YouTube}}</ref> |- |2022 ! scope="row" | ''Afrah Tafreeh'' |Khushi |[[Hum TV]] |<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9fLPU5PzGtc |title=Afrah Tafreeh - Telefilm - Eid Special 2022 - HUM TV |date=2022-05-03 |last=HUM TV |access-date=2025-08-21 |via=YouTube}}</ref> |} === Muuqaalo kale === {| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" |- style="text-align:center;" ! scope="col"|Sanadka ! scope="col"|Ciwaanka ! scope="col"|Doorka ! class="unsortable" scope="col"|Xusuusin |- |2017-2018 ! scope="row"|[[Daldal (TV series)|''Daldal'']] | Preet|| Guest appearance |- |2019 ! scope="row"|''[[Choti Choti Batain]]'' |Sana |Episode 4 |} == Abaalmarinta iyo magacaabista == {| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" ! width=4%|Sanadka ! width=20%|Shaqada ! width=29%|Abaalmarinta ! width=10%|Natiijada ! width=3%|Tixraac |- ! style="background:#bfd7ff;" colspan="5"|[[Lux Style Awards]] |- | 2018 | ''[[Muqabil]]'' | Best Television Actress |{{nom}} | |- |2022 |''[[Hum Kahan Ke Sachay Thay]]'' |Best TV Actress {{no wrap|(Critics' Choice)}} |{{nom}} |<ref>{{cite web | url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/2387740/lsa-2022-and-the-nominees-are | title=LSA 2022: And the nominees are | date=23 November 2022 }}</ref> |- |2023 |''[[London Nahi Jaunga]]'' |Best Film Actress {{no wrap|(Viewers' Choice)}} |{{nom}} |<ref name="pasoori">{{Cite web |date=2023-09-27 |title=Lux Style Awards 2023 nominations out now: Pasoori, Joyland, Mere Humsafar reign supreme |url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/2438044/lux-style-awards-2023-nominations-out-now-pasoori-joyland-mere-humsafar-reign-supreme? |access-date=2023-10-04 |website=The Express Tribune |language=en}}</ref> |- ! style="background:#bfd7ff;" colspan="5"|ARY Viewer's Choice Awards |- | 2017 | ''[[Muqabil]]'' | Best Newcomer Female |{{won}} | |- ! style="background:#bfd7ff;" colspan="5"|[[Hum Awards]] |- | rowspan="3" | [[5th Hum Awards|2017]] | rowspan="3" | ''[[Sang-e-Mar Mar]]'' | Best On-screen Couple Jury |{{nom}} |<ref>{{cite news |title=Sang-e-Mar Mar and Udaari win big at the Hum Awards 2017 |url=https://images.dawn.com/news/1177515 |access-date=30 April 2017 |work=DAWN Images |date=30 April 2017}}</ref> |- | Best Onscreen Couple Popular |{{nom}} | rowspan="2" | <ref name="nation/9april2017">{{cite news |title=Hum Awards 2017 reveals nominations |url=http://nation.com.pk/entertainment/09-Apr-2017/hum-awards-2017-reveals-nominations |access-date=27 April 2017 |work=The Nation |date=9 April 2017}}</ref> |- | Best New Sensation - Female |{{won}} |- | rowspan="4" | [[6th Hum Awards|2018]] | rowspan="4" | ''[[Alif Allah Aur Insaan]]'' | Best Actor Female Jury |{{nom}} | rowspan="4" | <ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.mangobaaz.com/6th-hum-award-nominations/ | title=The 2018 Hum Award Nominations Are Out and We're Surprised That They're Actually Deserving | date=27 June 2018 }}</ref> |- | Best Actor Female Popular |{{nom}} |- | Best On-screen Couple Jury |{{nom}} |- | Best On-screen Couple Popular |{{nom}} |- | rowspan="2" |[[9th Hum Awards|2024]] | rowspan="2" |''[[Sang-e-Mah]]'' |Best Actress |{{Nominated}} | |- |Best Onscreen Couple |{{Nominated}} | |- ! style="background:#bfd7ff;" colspan="5"|International Pakistan Prestige Awards |- | 2017 | ''[[Sang-e-Mar Mar]]'' | Best Actress (Television) |{{nom}} |<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.brandsynario.com/international-pakistan-prestige-awards-nominations-revealed/ | title=International Pakistan Prestige Awards Nominations Revealed! | date=11 September 2017 | ciwaan=Nuqul Archive | access-date=21 Bisha Tobnaad 2025 | archive-date=17 Bisha Todobaad 2018 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180717192022/https://www.brandsynario.com/international-pakistan-prestige-awards-nominations-revealed/ | dead-url=yes }}</ref> |- |2018 |''[[Alif Allah Aur Insaan]]'' |{{no wrap|Best TV Actress}} |{{nom}} |<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://ippawards.org/nomination-2018/ |title=Nomination & Voting 2018 |work=IPP Awards |access-date=21 August 2018 |language=en-US |archive-date=7 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190107020730/http://ippawards.org/nomination-2018/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> |} ==Tixraac== {{Reflist}} ==Xiriirinta dibadda== [[imdbname:6567542|Kubra Khan]] ee [[Internet Movie Database|IMDb]] 29woqxkcnz58bizyiksubzd0b4blnmn 0 43537 297114 286564 2026-05-10T23:52:22Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 297114 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Arthur Kwizera | birth_date = | birth_place = [[Uganda]] | death_date = | death_place = | education = {{blist | [[Jaamacadda Makerere]] ([[Shahaadada Bachelor ee Daawada iyo Qalliinka]]) ([[Shahaadada Master ee Daawada]] [[Anesteesiyooloji]] iyo [[Daawada Daryeelka Degdega ah|Daryeel Degdeg ah]]) | [[Jaamacadda British Columbia]] ([[Anesteesiyooloji|Felloowshib ee Anesteesiyoolojiga]]) | [[Jaamacadda Cambridge]] ([[Shahaadada Doctor ee Falsafadda]] ee [[Quful Neef-mareenka Degdegga ah]]) }} | occupation = [[Anesteesiyoolojiiste]], [[Takhasusle Daryeelka Degdegga ah]] | known_for = Anesteesi | title = Khadar Kula-taliye ee Anesteesiyoolojiga iyo Daryeelka Degdegga ah ee Cilmiyaasha Caafimaadka }} '''Arthur Kwizera''' waa khabiir suuxdin ah oo u dhashay Ugaandha iyo xoojinta , kaas oo u adeega sida bare sare ee suuxinta iyo daryeelka khatarta ah ee kuliyada Sayniska Caafimaadka ee Jaamacadda Makerere . Waxa kale oo uu isla markaaba u adeegaa sidii shaqaale xoojiye qaybta daryeelka degdega ah ee Cisbitaalka Qaranka ee Mulago Waa xubin ka tirsan Wasaaradda Caafimaadka Uganda guddiga la-talinta sayniska ee COVID-19. Wuxuu gudoomiye u yahay guddiga ku meel gaadhka ah, ee cilmi baarista, oo ku saleysan cadaymo ku saleysan cilmi baaris caalami ah oo la daabacay, kaas oo ogeysiiya go'aanada dalka ee ku saabsan masiibada . ==Taariikhda iyo waxbarashada== Kwizera waxa uu ku dhashay dalka Uganda,waxana uu ka baxay dugsiyo hoose/dhexe iyo sare. Kadib markii uu qaatay shahaadadii dugsiga sare waxa la dhigey kuliyada caafimaadka ee jaamacada Makerere oo ah tan ugu da'da weyn bariga afrika . Waxa uu halkaas kaga qalin jabiyay Bachelor of Medicine iyo Bachelor of Surgery . Tababarka ka dib, wuxuu dib ugu laabtay Makerere oo uu ka qaatay shahaadada Master of Medicine ee suuxinta iyo daryeelka xasaasiga ah . Laga bilaabo Juun 2020, Kwizera waxa ay sii waddaa shahaadada Dhakhtarka Falsafadda oo ay si wadajir ah u kormeerayaan Jaamacadda Makerere iyo Jaamacadda Cambridge ee Boqortooyada Ingiriiska. Cilmi-baaristiisa PhD-da waxay diiradda saartaa cilladda neef-mareenka ee degdega ah iyo daaweynteeda, gaar ahaan waddamada kheyraadka hooseeya, sida Uganda. ==Xirfad== Sida bare jaamacadeed dugsigii caafimaadka ee ugu da'da weynaa ee dalka iyo sida xoogaystaha ah ee cusbitaalka ugu sareeya ee qaranka, Kwizera waa xirfadle caafimaad oo la go'aamiyay inuu horumariyo daryeelka caafimaadka iyada oo loo marayo cilmi baaris iyo heer sare caafimaad. Waa xubin ka mid ah dadaalka iskaashiga caalamiga ah, si loo baaro daryeelka degdega ah ee goobaha ku xaddidan kheyraadka iyadoo xoogga la saarayo maareynta sepsis-ka iyo sidoo kale suuxinta iyo waxbarashada daryeelka degdegga ah. Waxa uu horay u soo noqday Agaasimaha Xiriirka Dadweynaha iyo Isgaarsiinta ee Ururka Dhakhaatiirta Suuxdinta ee Uganda (AAU) intii u dhaxeysay 2015 iyo 2018. ==Tixgalino kale== Xirfadaha uu leeyahay awgeed, waxa uu xubin ka yahay Guddiga Kaabayaasha Dhaqaalaha ee Wasaaradda Caafimaadka kaas oo u xilsaaran in uu sameeyo ICUs ee shan iyo tobanka isbitaal ee Uganda ee tixraaca ah. Waxaa loo xilsaaray inuu ku taliyo qeexida qalabka saxda ah iyo qaabaynta qorshayaasha sagxada ICU-yada cosbitaaladan Dr. Kwizera, ayaa madax u ah Guddiga Qaranka ee Daryeelka Degdegga ah ee loo xilsaaray horumarinta Qorshaha Istiraatiijiyadda Daryeelka Degdegga ah ee Qaranka. Qorshahaas ayaa hagi doona ballaarinta awoodda daryeelka degdegga ah ee Uganda oo la gaarsiin doono ugu yaraan 4,000 oo sariirood oo daryeelka degdeg ah. Isaga, oo ay weheliyaan koox ka socota Jaamacadda Cambridge waxay horumarinayaan hawo-mareen si loogu isticmaalo meelaha adag ee lagu gaadho adduunka ==Tixraac== [https://www.cambridge-africa.cam.ac.uk/initiatives/thrive/thrive-2-fellows/mr-arthur-kwizera/ "Profile of Dr Arthur Kwizera"] [https://www.pmldaily.com/features/2020/06/dr-kwizera-an-anesthetist-facing-covid-19-head-on-in-uganda.html "Dr. Kwizera, suuxiye ku wajaha COVID-19 oo madax u ah Uganda"] [https://thrive.or.ug/background-2/thrive-2-fellows/cambridge/dr-arthur-kwizera/ "Thrive-2 Fellows PhD: Jaamacadda Cambridge : Dr. Arthur Kwizera"]{{Dead link|date=Bisha Shanaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} [https://anesthesiaug.org/past-executive-members/ "Xubnaha Fulinta ee hore ee Ururka Dhakhaatiirta Suuxdinta ee Uganda (AAU): Arthur Kwizera, Xiriirka Dadweynaha iyo Isgaarsiinta (2015 - 2018)"] ==Xiriirinta dibadda== [https://thrive.or.ug/background-2/ Ku saabsan barnaamijka Thrive iyo Shabakadda] [https://www.independent.co.ug/mulago-to-revise-icu-fees-amid-high-costs-in-private-facilities/ Mulago inuu dib u eegis ku sameeyo khidmadaha ICU iyada oo ay jirto kharashyo badan oo xarumaha gaarka loo leeyahay] Laga bilaabo 14ka Agoosto 2019. se9qs8dovw6eioge805h4fmfdzz7wrd 10 43939 297134 287485 2026-05-11T09:22:47Z Ziv 39946 ([[c:GR|GR]]) [[File:Flag of Puerto Rico (1895–1952).png]] → [[File:Flag of Puerto Rico (1895–1952).svg]] → File replacement: jpg/png/gif to svg vector image ([[c::c:GR]]) 297134 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{1<noinclude>|country showdata</noinclude>}}} | alias = Puerto Rico | flag alias = Flag of Puerto Rico.svg | flag alias-1868 = Flag of Lares (1868).svg | flag alias-1895 = Flag of Puerto Rico (1895–1952).svg | flag alias-1898 = Flag of the United States (1896-1908).svg | flag alias-1908 = Flag of the United States (1908-1912).svg | flag alias-1912 = Flag of the United States (1912-1959).svg | flag alias-1952 = Flag of Puerto Rico (1952-1995).svg | flag alias-1995 = Flag of Puerto Rico (WFB 2013).gif | size = {{{size|}}} | name = {{{name|}}} | altlink = {{{altlink|}}} | variant = {{{variant|}}} <noinclude> | var1 = 1868 | var2 = 1895 | var3 = 1898 | var4 = 1908 | var5 = 1912 | var6 = 1952 | var7 = 1995 | redir1 = PRI | redir2 = PUR </noinclude> }} 4bymb200jy6k4vh0k42xcvqz9co2hmw 0 44747 297126 290078 2026-05-11T03:04:15Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 297126 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Jim Iyke | image = Jim Iyke.jpg | caption = Jim Iyke oo ku jira ciyaarta 'Omambala' | birth_name = James Ikechukwu Okolue | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1976|09|25|df=y}} | birth_place = [[Libreville]], Gabon | education = Bsc. Philosophy, University of Jos. | alma_mater = [[Jaamacadda Jos]] | occupation = Jilaa | nationality = Nigerian | other_names = James Ikechukwu Esomugha; James Ikechukwu Okolue | years_active = 1998–hadda | awards = Net Honors, 2021 | spouse = | URL = {{URL|jimiykesworld.com}} }} '''James Ikechukwu Esomugha''' {{IPAc-en|audio=Ig-James_Ikechukwu_Esomugha.ogg}} oo loo yaqaanJim Iyke dhegayso (wuxuu dhashay 25 Sebtembar 1976), waa jilaa reer Nigeria ah waana mid ka mid ah jilayaashii filimkii u dambeeyay ee u duulay Abuja . ==Nolosha hore iyo waxbarashada== Wuxuu ku dhashay Libreville , Gabon. Waalidkiis, oo ka yimid Tuulada Ogwugwu ee magaalada Enugwu-Agidi ee Gobolka Anambra , waxay magacoodii ka beddeleen Okolue una beddeleen Esomugha. Waa wiilka keliya ee qoys ka kooban siddeed carruur ah. Dugsiga sare waxa uu ku qaatay FGC Kwali Abuja intii u dhaxaysay 1985 ilaa 1991, ka dibna waxa uu shahaadada bangiga iyo maaliyadda ka qaatay jaamacada Jos ee gobolka Plateau . ==Xirfad== Jim Iyke wuxuu bilaabay jilista 1998. Laga bilaabo Oktoobar 2013 , wuxuu ahaa mid ka mid ah jilayaasha ugu mushaarka badan Nollywood , wuxuu kasoo muuqday in ka badan 150 filim. Waxa uu bilaabay shirkad soo saarta filimada, Untamed Productions 2007dii, sidoo kale waxa uu leeyahay sumaddiisa diiwaanka muusiga, Diiwaanada Aan La Daahsoonayn. Albumkiisii ​​ugu horreeyay, cinwaankiisuna yahay yaan ahay? , waxaa ka soo muuqday qaar ka mid ah fannaaniinta ugu sarreeya Nigeria, sida TuFace Idibia iyo Sound Sultan . ==Muran== Fiidiyowga Jim Iyke ee la sheegay inuu 'ka samatabbixin' ka yimid ruuxa sharka leh ee Kaniisadda Synagogue ee All Nations, oo uu hoggaamiyo Pastor TB Joshua , ayaa ka kiciyay dood adag oo ku saabsan warbaahinta bulshada Ruuxa ayaa la sheegay inuu qirtay inay ka dambeysay awood la'aanta Iyke inuu helo xaas. ==Nolosha gaarka ah== Bishii Abriil 2019, wuxuu ku dhawaaqay dhalashada wiilkiisa. ==Tixraac== [https://ynaija.com/aww-love-so-sweet-actress-nadia-buaris-tweets-at-jim-iyke-on-his-birthday-read/ "Aww, jacayl SO macaan: Jilaa, Nadia Buari's tweets ee Jim Iyke dhalashadiisa"] [http://thenationonlineng.net/new/why-jim-iyke-went-to-synagogue/ "Muxuu Jim Iyke u aaday sunagogga"] [https://punchng.com/nollywood-actor-jim-iyke-poses-with-son/ "Jilaaga Nollywood Jim Iyke oo sawir la galay wiil"] [https://web.archive.org/web/20171012181927/http://xclusive.ng/style-how-i-understand-it/ "Kani waa STYLE. Sidan ayaan u fahmay - Jim Iyke"] [https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/ay-releases-merry-men-2-official-trailer/y7c1kz4 "Olamide wuxuu helay muuqaal kaamilo ah taxanaha 'Merry Men' iyadoo AY soo saartay trailer-ka rasmiga ah"] {{Wayback|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/ay-releases-merry-men-2-official-trailer/y7c1kz4 |date=20201218101453 }} 56lcl2c45j3ldcglgz5mqhexdk2scdi 0 44764 297128 290096 2026-05-11T03:27:23Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 297128 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Lateef Adedimeji | image = Lateef Adedimeji at AMA Award 30.jpg | image_size = | height = | alt = | caption = Adedimeji oo ku sugan AMAA 2021 | birth_name = Abdullateef Adetola Adedimeji | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|df=yes|1984|2|1}} | birth_place = Isolo, [[Lagos State]], Nigeria | other_names = "Crying Machine"<ref name="theinfopro.com.ng">{{cite web|title=Lateef Adedimeji Biography and Net Worth 2019|url=https://theinfopro.com.ng/lateef-adedimeji-biography-net-worth-wikipedia/|access-date=6 October 2019|archive-date=6 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191006110819/https://theinfopro.com.ng/lateef-adedimeji-biography-net-worth-wikipedia/|url-status=dead}}</ref> | occupation = {{flatlist| * Renowned Actor *filmmaker }} | known for = Kudi Klepto | spouse = {{marriage|[[Oyebade Adebimpe]]|2021}} | parents = | citizenship = Nigerian | relatives = | years_active = 2007–hadda | alma_mater = [[Olabisi Onabanjo University]] | known_for = Acting | awards = {{bulleted list | Abaalmarinta Nollywood-ka ugu Fiican 2018—Aktarka ugu Fiican Doorka Hogaamineed (Yoruba)}} | website = }} '''Adetola Abdullateef Adedimeji''' {{Audio|Yo-Adetola Abdulateef Adedimeji.ogg|Dhageyso|help=no}} (wuxuu dhashay 1st Febraayo 1984) waajilaareer Nigeria ah iyofilim sameeye Waxa uu caan ku noqday doorkiisii ​​ugu horeeyay ee weynYewande Adekoyaee 2013 ee cinwaankiisu ahaa Kudi Klepto wuxuuna wax ka jilay in ka badan 100 filim oo Nigerian ah tan iyo markii uu bilaabay jilista 15 sano ka hor. Hadda waadanjiraha astaantau ahAirteliyo Numatville Megacity. ==Nolosha hore== Lateef Adedimeji wuxuu ku dhashay 1 Febraayo 1984 Isolo, Lagos State , koonfur-galbeed Nigeria. Waa nin u dhashay Abeokuta , Gobolka Ogun . ==Waxbarashada== Lateef waxa uu waxbarashadiisa hoose ka bilaabay Ire Akari Primary School, Isolo, Lagos State Waxa kale oo uu ka qayb galay aqoon-is-weydaarsi istuudiyaha waxqabadka ah oo ku yaal Onikan Lagos State halkaas oo uu ku qaatay tababbarka waxqabadka Xirfadihiisa wax-qorista iyo jilitaanka ayaa sidoo kale lagu horumariyay hay'ad aan dawli ahayn (NGO) (Mashruuca Nolosha Bulshada). Waxa uu ka qalin jabiyay Jaamacadda Olabisi Onabanjo , halkaas oo uu ka qaatay shahaadada koowaad ee jaamacadda Mass Communication. ==Xirfad== Lateef Adedimeji wuxuu bilaabay xirfadiisa jilitaanka 2007, wuxuu bilaabay xirfadiisa qoob ka ciyaarka, wuxuuna ku biiray dugsiga qoob ka ciyaarka. Waa Jilaa iyo Qoraa Shaashad waxaana uu kasoo muuqday doorar kala duwan tan iyo markii uu 15 jir ahaa balse waxa uu bilaabay jilista 2007 markii uu ku biiray Orisun TV. Waxa uu bilaabay jilista isagoo ku jira dugsiga sare, waxaana u soo xushay NGO si uu ugu adeego xog-ururin iyo lataliye xilli uu ku guda jiray ololaha HIV/AIDS . Doorkiisu wuxuu ahaa inuu bulshada guud ka baro arrimaha la xiriira galmada iyo xuquuqda aadanaha isagoo abuuraya muuqaal muuqaal ah oo uu ku dhaqmay. Taageerayaashu waxay u yaqaanaan inuu ciyaaro doorka dabeecadda shucuurta ee inta badan ooya. Waxa uu sannado badan jilay dhawr filim oo Nigerian ah oo uu weheliyo magacyo waaweyn oo ku jira warshadaha filimada. 2016, wuxuu ku guulaystay 2016 Best of Nollywood Awards ee Jilaaga ugu Wanaagsan ee Door Hogaamineed (Yoruba). 2015, waxaa loo magacaabay Abaalmarinnada Madadaalada Dadka Magaalada ee 2015 Jilaaga Ballanqaadka Badan ee sanadka. Lateef waxa uu aad ugu jahawareeray in uu xidhiidh la leeyahay Jilaaga caanka ah ee reer Nigeria Odunlade Adekola taas oo ay ugu wacan tahay isu ekaanshahooda aan fiicneyn iyo dareenkooda kaftan. Si la mid ah waxa uu fursad u helay in uu la shaqeeyo UNICEF , taas oo ay ugu wacan tahay karti-qoristiisa. Waxaa la siiyay wejiga ragga Nollywood intii lagu jiray Habeenka Sharafta ee Wargeyska ENigeria ee 30 Oktoobar 2021. ==Nolosha gaarka ah== 18kii Diseembar 2021, Adedimeji wuxuu guursaday lamaanahiisa, oo sidoo kale ah jilaa, Oyebade Adebimpe aroos midab leh. ==Tixraac== [https://web.archive.org/web/20191006110819/https://theinfopro.com.ng/lateef-adedimeji-biography-net-worth-wikipedia/ "Lateef Adedimeji Biography and Net Worth 2019"] [https://the360report.com/lateef-adedimeji-net-worth-and-biography/ "Lateef Adedimeji Net Worth: Lateef Adedimeji Biography, Da'da, Xirfadda iyo Qiimaha saafiga ah"] {{Wayback|url=https://the360report.com/lateef-adedimeji-net-worth-and-biography/ |date=20211120112114 }} [https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/nollywood/455641-new-nollywood-comedy-breaded-life-hits-cinemas.html "Majaajiliiste cusub oo Nollywood ah 'Nolosha Rootiga' ayaa ku soo korodhay shaleemooyinka"] [https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/bon-awards-2019-gold-statue-gabriel-afolayan-win-big-at-11th-edition/4d0w2n4 Abaalmarinnada BON 2019: 'Taallo Dahab ah', Gabriel Afolayan ayaa si weyn ugu guuleystay daabacaaddii 11-aad"] [https://tribuneonlineng.com/nollywood-actor-lateef-adedimeji-bags-international-award/ "Aktarka Nollywood Lateef Adedimeji ayaa ku guuleystay abaal-marin caalami ah"] rev92zos8fty5rm2uvf09drn0w39y3d 0 46535 297118 293910 2026-05-11T00:30:32Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 297118 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox sportsperson |image=Abderrahim Goumri.jpg |caption=Goumri jooga [[2008 New York City Marathon]] |birth_date=21 May 1976 |death_date={{death date and age|19 Jan 2013|21 May 1976}} }} '''Cabdul Raxiim Al-Kumri''' ({{langx|ar|عبد الرحيم الغومري}}; 21 May 1976 – 19 Janaayo 2013 gudaha [[Temara]], [[Morocco]])<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200418054231/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/go/abderrahim-goumri-1.html Goumri, Abderrahim]. Sports Reference. Waxaa la soo celiyay 2011-03-20.</ref> wuxuu ahaa [[Morocco|Moroccan]] [[Orodyahannada masaafada dheer|orodyahan masaafada dheer ah]]. Wuxuu ku tartamay [[Orodka dhulka|orodka dhulka]], [[Ciyaaraha fudud|garoonka]], [[Orodka waddada|orodka waddada]] iyo tartamada [[Marathon|marathon-ka]]. ​Qaybtii hore ee shaqadiisa wuxuu ku qaatay dalka Norway, wuxuuna magac ku yeeshay bandhigyadii [[Horyaalka Adduunka ee Orodka Dhulka ee IAAF]], halkaas oo uu dalkiisa ka caawiyay in ay helaan billadaha [[billad naxaas ah|naxaasta]] ee kooxda daabacaadihii 2002 iyo 2003. Wuxuu gaaray finalka orodka garoonka ee [[5000 mitir]] [[2003 Horyaalka Adduunka ee Ciyaaraha Fudud|Horyaalkii Adduunka 2003]] iyo [[2004 Ciyaaraha Olombikada ee xagaaga]]. Sannadkii 2005 wuxuu orday natiijadiisii ugu wanaagsanayd ee shaqadiisa oo ahayd 12:50.25 daqiiqo fogaantaas, isagoo galay kaalinta kow iyo tobnaad ee liiska abid ugu wanaagsan. ​Laga soo bilaabo 2007 iyo wixii ka dambeeyay wuxuu xoogga saaray orodka marathon-ka, wuxuuna galay kaalinta labaad labada tartan ee [[London Marathon|London]] iyo [[New York City Marathon|New York]] sannadkaas. Wuxuu dhigay [[Rikoorka Morocco ee ciyaaraha fudud|rikoorka Morocco]] oo ahaa 2:05:30 saacadood isagoo galay kaalinta saddexaad London Marathon 2008, wuxuuna noqday orodyahankii lixaad ee ugu dhaqsiyaha badnaa marathon-ka xilligaas. Wuxuu ahaa kaalinta labaad New York Marathon 2008 iyo 2009 [[Chicago Marathon]]. In kasta oo uu bandhigyo wanaagsan ka sameeyay tartamada waaweyn, haddana si fiican uguma tartamin dhacdooyinka horyaalnimada—isagoo galay kaalinta labaatanaad [[2008 Ciyaaraha Olombikada ee Beijing]] isagoo sidoo kale ku guuldareystay inuu dhammeystiro Horyaallada Adduunka ee 2007, 2009 iyo 2011. ​7-dii Juun 2012, Xiriirka Caalamiga ah ee Ciyaaraha Fudud (IAAF) ayaa ku dhawaaqay in Goumri si kumeel gaar ah looga joojiyay ciyaaraha sababo la xiriira qiimayaal dhiig oo aan caadi ahayn oo laga helay "baasaboorkiisa bayoolojiga." Wargeyska Faransiiska ee ''[[L'Équipe]]'' ayaa sheegay in IAAF ay ku talinaysay ganaax laba ilaa afar sano ah oo ku saabsan dembiga doping-ka. Wuxuu helay ganaax afar sano ah.<ref name=IAAFlist2013>{{cite web| url=http://www.iaaf.org/download/download?filename=763841ee-f441-41ea-befa-961002781226.pdf&urlslug=List| title= Athletes currently suspended from all competitions in athletics following an Anti-Doping Rule Violation as at: 11.1.13| date = 11 Janaayo 2013| publisher = IAAF}}</ref> ​Goumri wuxuu dhintay 19-kii Janaayo 2013 shil baabuur oo ka dhacay Temara, Morocco isagoo ku sii jeeda Rabat.<ref name="moroccoworldnews"/> ​ ==Shaqada== ​===Tartamadii hore=== Isagoo markii hore u ordayay naadiga caanka ah ee [[Olympique de Safi]], muuqaalkii ugu horreeyay ee caalami ah oo Goumri u matalo Morocco wuxuu ahaa isagoo dhallinyaro ah [[1995 Horyaalka Adduunka ee Orodka Dhulka ee IAAF]], halkaas oo uu galay kaalinta 25-aad uuna qayb ka noqday billadda naxaasta ee kooxda dhallinyarada.<ref>Benchrif, Mohamed (2011-09-15). [http://www.iaaf.org/news/athletes/newsid=27396.html Focus on Athletes - Abderrahim Goumri]. [[IAAF]]. Waxaa la soo celiyay 2011-03-20.</ref> Bilowgii shaqadiisa, wuxuu degganaa Norway. Wuxuu orday [[Tromsø Midnight Sun Marathon]] 1997 wuxuuna ku guuleystay waqti ah 2:30:54 saacadood.<ref>Loonstra, Klaas & Gasparovic, Juraj (2010-06-28). [https://www.arrs.run/HP_TromsoMa.htm Midnight Sun Marathon]. [[Association of Road Racing Statisticians]]. Waxaa la soo celiyay 2011-03-20.</ref> Sannadkii 1999, wuxuu ku guuleystay horyaalnimada Norway ee labada [[1500 mitir]] iyo [[5000 mitir]].<ref>[http://www.gbrathletics.co.uk/nc/nor.htm Norwegian Championships] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927001605/http://www.gbrathletics.co.uk/nc/nor.htm |date=September 27, 2007 }} - GBR Athletics</ref><ref>[http://www.friidrett.no/friidrett/statistikk/nm/m1500.htm Norwegian championships in 1500 metres] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928003053/http://www.friidrett.no/friidrett/statistikk/nm/m1500.htm |date=2007-09-28 }}</ref><ref>[http://www.friidrett.no/friidrett/statistikk/nm/m5000.htm Norwegian championships in 5000 metres] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928000404/http://www.friidrett.no/friidrett/statistikk/nm/m5000.htm |date=2007-09-28 }}</ref> Sida saaxiibkiis ay isku dalka yihiin ee [[Khalid Skah]], oo ku guuleystay horyaalnimada Norway ee 5000 m sannadihii 1997, 1998 iyo 2000, Goumri wuxuu matalay naadiga ciyaaraha fudud ee [[IL i BUL]]. Wuxuu guulo xiriir ah ka gaaray kulanka [[Eurocross]] ee Luxembourg, isagoo horyaalka qaaday 2000 iyo 2001.<ref name=ARRS>Civai, Franco & Gasparovic, Juraj (2009-02-28). [https://www.arrs.run/HP_DiekirchXC.htm Eurocross 10.2 km (men) + 5.3 km (women)] {{Wayback|url=https://www.arrs.run/HP_DiekirchXC.htm |date=20190506235147 }}. [[Association of Road Racing Statisticians]]. Waxaa la soo celiyay 2010-03-01.</ref> ​Wuxuu xoogga saaray [[Orodka garoonka|orodka garoonka]] sannadkii 2001: wuxuu qayb ka ahaa guushii Morocco ku xaaqday billadaha 5000 m ee [[Ciyaaraha fudud ee 2001 Jeux de la Francophonie|Jeux de la Francophonie]] (isagoo qaatay qalin).,<ref name=JF>[http://www.gbrathletics.com/ic/fg.htm Francophone Games]. GBR Athletics. Waxaa la soo celiyay 2011-03-20.</ref> ka dibna wuxuu ku orday finalka [[10,000 mitir]] ee [[2001 Horyaalka Adduunka ee Ciyaaraha Fudud]]. Wuxuu xilli ciyaareedkiisii garoonka ku soo xiray kaalinta tobnaad ee orodka [[3000 mitir]] ee [[2001 IAAF Grand Prix Final]].<ref name=IAAFBio>[http://www.iaaf.org/athletes/biographies/letter=0/athcode=55511/index.html Goumri, Abderrahim]. [[IAAF]]. Waxaa la soo celiyay 2011-03-20.</ref> ​Wuxuu isku caddeeyay inuu yahay orodyahan ku tartami kara xilli ciyaareedyadii xigay fogaano iyo dusha kala duwan. Wuxuu ahaa toddobaad orodka dheer ee [[2002 Horyaalka Adduunka ee Orodka Dhulka ee IAAF]] (isagoo ka caawiyay Morocco billadda naxaasta ee kooxda) wuxuuna si yar ku waayay billadda 10,000 m isagoo galay kaalinta afaraad [[2002 Horyaalka Afrika ee Ciyaaraha Fudud]]. Kaalintiisii tobnaad iyo shan iyo tobnaad ee orodka gaaban iyo kan dheer ee [[2003 Horyaalka Adduunka ee Orodka Dhulka ee IAAF]] waxay Morocco u keentay labo billadood oo naxaas ah oo kooxda ah. Sidoo kale wuxuu si fiican u soo bandhigay garoonka dhexdiisa, isagoo galay sagaalaad fogaanta [[3000 mitir]] ee [[2003 Horyaalka Adduunka ee Gudaha ee IAAF]] ka dibna tobnaad dibadda orodka 5000 m ee [[2003 Horyaalka Adduunka ee Ciyaaraha Fudud]]. Bishii Oktoobar ee sannadkaas wuxuu galay labo iyo tobnaad [[2003 Horyaalka Adduunka ee Nus Marathon ee IAAF]], isagoo dalkiisa ka caawiyay kaalinta afaraad ee darajada kooxaha.<ref name=IAAFBio/> ​===Ka soo muuqashadiisii Olombikada=== Goumri wuxuu hal kaalin horumaray isagoo galay 14-aad orodka dheer ee [[2004 Horyaalka Adduunka ee Orodka Dhulka ee IAAF]], laakiin reer Morocco waxaa kaalinta afaraad kaga guuleystay kooxda Eritrea.<ref>[http://www.iaaf.org/history/WXC/season=2004/eventCode=3227/results/sex=M/discCode=XS/combCode=hash/roundCode=f/team.html#det 2004 World XC - Men's Long Race Team] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121023101423/http://www.iaaf.org/history/WXC/season=2004/eventCode=3227/results/sex=M/discCode=XS/combCode=hash/roundCode=f/team.html#det |date=2012-10-23 }}. [[IAAF]]. Waxaa la soo celiyay 2011-03-20.</ref> Orodka garoonka ayaa noqday diiraddiisa sannadkaas wuxuuna markii ugu horreysay ka soo muuqday Olombikada bishii Agoosto, isagoo gaaray finalka 5000 m ee [[2004 Ciyaaraha Olombikada ee Athens]] uuna ku dhammeystay orodka kaalinta 13-aad. Wuxuu ahaa sagaalaad [[2004 IAAF World Athletics Final]],<ref name=IAAFBio/> laakiin wuxuu billad ka helay heer gobol isagoo qaatay qalinka ka dambeeyay [[Khoudir Aggoune]] ee [[Ciyaaraha fudud ee 2004 Ciyaaraha Pan Arab|Ciyaaraha Pan Arab]].<ref>[http://tunisathle.voila.net/Evenements/JeuxPanarabes/JPanarab2004Alger.pdf 10e Jeux PANARABES]{{Dead link|date=June 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}. [[Fédération Tunisienne d'Athlétisme]]. Waxaa la soo celiyay 2011-03-20.</ref> Isagoo galay siddeed iyo tobnaad orodka gaaban ee [[2005 Horyaalka Adduunka ee Orodka Dhulka ee IAAF]], isaga iyo saaxiibbadiis [[Adil Kaouch]], [[Mohamed Moustaoui]] iyo [[Hicham Bellani]] ayaa mar kale noqday kaalinta afaraad ee ugu wanaagsan (waxaa markan ka guuleystay Qatar).<ref>[http://www.iaaf.org/history/WXC/season=2005/eventCode=3363/results/sex=M/discCode=XC/combCode=hash/roundCode=f/team.html#det 2005 World XC - Men's Short Race Team] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110315210151/http://www.iaaf.org/history/WXC/season%3D2005/eventCode%3D3363/results/sex%3DM/discCode%3DXC/combCode%3Dhash/roundCode%3Df/team.html |date=March 15, 2011 }}. [[IAAF]]. Waxaa la soo celiyay 2011-03-20.</ref> ​Wuxuu dhigay natiijadiisii ugu wanaagsaneyd ee 10,000 m bishii May, isagoo orday waqti ah 27:02.62 daqiiqo, wuxuuna galay siddeedaad finalka dhacdadaas ee [[2005 Horyaalka Adduunka ee Ciyaaraha Fudud|Horyaalkii Adduunka]] ee sannadkaas. Wuxuu dhigay natiijo kale oo shaqadiisa u wanaagsan ee garoonka dhexdiisa tartankii [[Memorial van Damme]] bishii Agoosto waqti ah 12:50.25 daqiiqo ee 5000 m – calaamad ka dhigtay kow iyo tobnaad liiska abid ugu wanaagsan isagoo ka dambeeyay [[Hicham El Guerrouj]].<ref>[http://www.iaaf.org/statistics/toplists/inout=o/age=n/season=0/sex=M/all=y/legal=A/disc=5000/detail.html 5000 Metres All Time]. [[IAAF]] (2010-09-04). Waxaa la soo celiyay 2011-03-20.</ref> Si kastaba ha ahaatee, qaabkan looma beddelin 3000 m, kaas oo uu ku orday [[2004 IAAF World Athletics Final|2005 IAAF World Athletics Final]] uuna galay oo kaliya tobnaad guud ahaan.<ref name=IAAFBio/> [[Ciyaaraha fudud ee 2005 Jeux de la Francophonie|2005 Jeux de la Francophonie]] wuxuu ahaa tartankiisii ugu dambeeyay ee sannadka wuxuuna doortay 10,000 m, isagoo xaqiijiyay qalin ka dambeeyay orodyahanka reer Rwanda ee [[Dieudonné Disi]].<ref>[http://bases.athle.com/asp.net/liste.aspx?frmbase=resultats&frmmode=1&frmespace=0&frmcompetition=008936 2005 Francophonie Games Results] {{Wayback|url=http://bases.athle.com/asp.net/liste.aspx?frmbase=resultats&frmmode=1&frmespace=0&frmcompetition=008936 |date=20180917222500 }}. Athlé. Waxaa la soo celiyay 2011-03-20.</ref> ​Sannadkii 2006 wuxuu ahaa sannadkiisii ugu dambeeyay ee uu ku ordo garoonka, laakiin wuxuu dhigay natiijada ugu fiican ee gudaha ee 5000 m (13:29.55) gudaha Stockholm bishii Febraayo. Wuxuu sii watay guulaha uu ka gaaray [[2006 Horyaalka Adduunka ee Orodka Dhulka ee IAAF]] isagoo galay kow iyo tobnaad orodka dheer, isagoo orodka ku dhammeystay orodyahankii ugu horreeyay ee aan ka soo jeedin Bariga Afrika.<ref>[http://www.iaaf.org/history/WXC/season=2006/eventCode=3484/results/sex=M/discCode=XS/combCode=hash/roundCode=f/results.html#det 2006 World XC - Men's Long Race] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110222045221/http://www.iaaf.org/history/WXC/season%3D2006/eventCode%3D3484/results/sex%3DM/discCode%3DXS/combCode%3Dhash/roundCode%3Df/results.html |date=February 22, 2011 }}. [[IAAF]]. Waxaa la soo celiyay 2011-03-20.</ref> Wuxuu bilaabay inuu u gudbo [[Orodka waddada|orodka waddada]] dhammaadkii sannadka wuxuu guul ka gaaray tartanka [[BOclassic]] 10 km.<ref>Civai, Franco & Gasparovic, Juraj (2011-01-03). [https://www.arrs.run/HP_BoC10.htm Corsa Internazionale di San Silvestro]{{Dead link|date=Bisha Shanaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}. [[Association of Road Racing Statisticians]]. Waxaa la soo celiyay 2011-03-20.</ref> ​ ===U gudubka marathon-ka=== [[File:Goumri 2010 NYC Marathon.jpg|thumb|Goumri oo ordaya jooga [[2010 New York City Marathon]]]] In kasta oo ay jirto xaqiiqda ah in Goumri uu galay 21-aad [[2007 Horyaalka Adduunka ee Orodka Dhulka ee IAAF]], haddana bandhig kooxeed oo xooggan (oo ay ku jiraan [[Anis Selmouni]] iyo [[Ahmed Baday]]) ayaa u keenay billadiisii ugu horreysay ee qalin ah ee kooxda ee dhacdadaas.<ref>[http://www.iaaf.org/history/WXC/season=2007/eventCode=3651/results/sex=M/discCode=XSE/combCode=hash/roundCode=f/team.html#det 2007 World XC - Men's Senior Race Team] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110305152301/http://www.iaaf.org/history/WXC/season%3D2007/eventCode%3D3651/results/sex%3DM/discCode%3DXSE/combCode%3Dhash/roundCode%3Df/team.html |date=March 5, 2011 }}. [[IAAF]]. Waxaa la soo celiyay 2011-03-20.</ref> Goumri wuxuu si guul leh ugu soo laabtay tartanka [[Marathon|marathon-ka]] (kiisii ugu horreeyay tan iyo 1997) tartankii 2007 [[London Marathon]], isagoo galay kaalinta labaad waqti ah 2:07:44, saddex ilbiriqsi oo qura ka dambeeyay [[Martin Lel]].<ref>Downes, Steven (2008-04-22). [http://www.iaaf.org/news/Kind=2/newsId=38412.html Zhou demolishes and Lel out-sprints rivals in the heat of London]. [[IAAF]]. Waxaa la soo celiyay 2011-03-20.</ref> Wuxuu ku takhasusay orodkiisa cusub [[2007 Horyaalka Adduunka ee Ciyaaraha Fudud]], laakiin kuma guuleysan inuu dhammeystiro orodka.<ref name=IAAFBio/> Goumri wuxuu doonayay inuu ka soo kabsado bandhiggaas isagoo iska diiwaangeliyay [[New York City Marathon]]. Sida London oo kale, orodku wuxuu noqday dagaal u dhexeeya Lel iyo orodyahanka reer Morocco, taariikhduna way soo noqotay markii orodyahanka reer Kenya uu horay u cararay si uu u guuleysto halka Goumri uu ku qancay kaalinta labaad (isagoo diiwaangeliyay waqti ah 2:09:16).<ref>Dunaway, James (2007-11-04). [http://www.iaaf.org/news/newsid=42262.html Radcliffe and Lel pull off stunning victories in New York]. [[IAAF]]. Waxaa la soo celiyay 2011-03-20.</ref> ​Orod aad u dheereeya oo ka dhacay London Marathon 2008, Goumri wuxuu orodka ku dhammeystay kaalinta saddexaad laakiin weli wuxuu dhigay [[Rikoorka Morocco ee ciyaaraha fudud|rikoorka qaran ee Morocco]] oo ahaa 2:05:30 si uu u noqdo orodyahankii lixaad ee ugu dhaqsiyaha badnaa abid masaafadaas. Wuxuu orday [[Ciyaaraha fudud ee 2008 Ciyaaraha Olombikada ee xagaaga|2008 Ciyaaraha Olombikada ee Beijing]] laakiin mar kale wuxuu ku dhibtooday heerka horyaalnimada, isagoo orodka ku dhammeystay kaalinta 20-aad ku dhowaad toban daqiiqo ka dambeeyay natiijadiisii ugu wanaagsaneyd.<ref name=WMM>[http://www.worldmarathonmajors.com/US/athletes/athlete/122/ Abderrahim Goumri] {{Wayback|url=http://www.worldmarathonmajors.com/US/athletes/athlete/122/ |date=20110423034950 }} {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110423034950/http://www.worldmarathonmajors.com/US/athletes/athlete/122/ |date=April 23, 2011 }}. [[World Marathon Majors]]. Waxaa la soo celiyay 2011-03-20.</ref> New York waxay mar kale u noqotay goob uu isku soo furto, in kasta oo uu orodka ka xukumi jiray dhanka hore marxaladihii dambe, haddana wuxuu ku daciifay qaybtii u dambaysay wuxuuna u oggolaaday [[Marilson Gomes Dos Santos]] inuu kaga guuleysto kaalinta labaad.<ref>Dunaway, James (2008-11-02). [http://www.iaaf.org/lrr08/news/newsid=48186.html Radcliffe retains her title, Gomes dos Santos regains his - New York Marathon report]. [[IAAF]]. Waxaa la soo celiyay 2011-03-20.</ref> ​London Marathon 2009, wuxuu ahaa lixaad wax horumar ahna lagama helin [[2009 Horyaalka Adduunka ee Ciyaaraha Fudud]], halkaas oo uu mar kale kaga haray orodka.<ref>[http://berlin.iaaf.org/results/bydiscipline/disctype=4/sex=M/discCode=MAR/combCode=hash/timetable.html Marathon results] ([https://web.archive.org/web/20090906030459/http://berlin.iaaf.org/results/bydiscipline/disctype=4/sex=M/discCode=MAR/combCode=hash/timetable.html Archived] 2009-09-08). [[IAAF]]. Waxaa la soo celiyay 2011-03-20.</ref> Wuxuu orod dhexdhexaad ah ka sameeyay 2009 [[Chicago Marathon]] go'aankiisii ahaa inuu iska indhatiro xawaaraha furitaanka ee dheereeyayna wuxuu u keenay natiijo, isagoo ka sara maray dhammaan marka laga reebo [[Samuel Wanjiru]] uuna diiwaangeliyay natiijadiisii labaad ee ugu wanaagsaneyd abid oo ahayd 2:06:04.<ref name=WMM/><ref>[http://marathoninfo.free.fr/athletes/maroc/goumri.htm Goumri, Abderrahim]. Marathon Info. Waxaa la soo celiyay 2011-03-20.</ref> Goumri wuxuu kaalinta saddexaad ka galay [[Philadelphia Half Marathon]] bishii Sebtembar 2010.<ref>Larkin, Duncan (2010-09-20). [http://www.iaaf.org/WHM10/news/kind=100/newsid=58358.html Defar clocks 1:07:44 in Half Marathon debut in Philadelphia]. [[IAAF]]. Waxaa la soo celiyay 2010-09-20.</ref> Laba bilood ka dib wuxuu orday [[2010 New York City Marathon]] uuna galay kaalinta afaraad, isagoo toban ilbiriqsi ka dambeeyay kaalinta saddexaad oo uu galay [[Moses Kigen Kipkosgei]].<ref>Dunaway, James (2010-11-07). [http://www.iaaf.org/LRR10/news/newsid=58674.html Gebremariam and Kiplagat cruise to New York victories]. [[IAAF]]. Waxaa la soo celiyay 2011-03-20.</ref> ​Wuxuu sannadkii 2011 ku bilaabay orodkiisii ugu horreeyay ee [[Asia]] tartanka [[Seoul International Marathon]] bishii Maarso wuxuuna ka guuleystay horyaalkii difaacanayay ee [[Sylvester Teimet]] si uu ugu guuleysto orodka waqti ah 2:09:11 saacadood.<ref>Jalava, Mirko (2011-03-20). [http://www.iaaf.org/LRR11/news/newsid=59565.html Goumri and Guta take victories in Seoul]. [[IAAF]]. Waxaa la soo celiyay 2011-03-20.</ref> ​==Geerida== Abderrahim Goumri wuxuu dhintay 19-kii Janaayo 2013 shil baabuur oo ka dhacay Temara, Morocco, isagoo ku sii jeeda Rabat. Wuxuu ahaa 36 sano jir.<ref name="moroccoworldnews">{{cite web|title=Moroccan Marathon runner Abderrahim Goumri dies in a car accident|url=http://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2013/01/74407/moroccan-marathon-runner-abderrahim-goumri-dies-in-a-car-accident/|publisher=moroccoworldnews.com|access-date=27 April 2014|date=19 January 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|script-title=ar:وفاة العدّاء المغربي الغومري في حادث سير|url=http://ww1.aljazeerasport.net/news/others/2013/01/201311918511574557.html|publisher=aljazeerasport.net|access-date=27 April 2014|language=ar|date=19 Janaayo 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140427184752/http://ww1.aljazeerasport.net/news/others/2013/01/201311918511574557.html|archive-date=27 April 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Łudzik|first=Piotr|title=Abderrahim Goumri nie żyje|url=http://www.bieganie.pl/?show=1&cat=11&id=4736|publisher=bieganie.pl|access-date=27 April 2014|language=pl|date=20 Janaayo 2013|archive-date=27 April 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140427211959/http://www.bieganie.pl/?show=1&cat=11&id=4736|url-status=dead}}</ref> ​ ==Guulaha== {| {{AchievementTable|Event=yes}} |- !colspan="6"|Meteleysa {{MAR}} |- |rowspan=2|2001 |[[Ciyaaraha fudud ee 2001 Jeux de la Francophonie|Jeux de la Francophonie]] |[[Ottawa]], Canada |bgcolor=silver|2aad |5000 m |- |[[2001 Horyaalka Adduunka ee Ciyaaraha Fudud|Horyaalka Adduunka]] |[[Edmonton]], Canada |16aad |[[2001 Horyaalka Adduunka ee Ciyaaraha Fudud – 10,000 mitir ee ragga|10,000 m]] | |- |rowspan=3|2002 |rowspan=2|[[2002 Horyaalka Adduunka ee Orodka Dhulka ee IAAF|Horyaalka Adduunka ee Orodka Dhulka]] |rowspan=2|[[Dublin]], Ireland | 7aad |Orodka dheer | |- |bgcolor="cc9966"| 3aad |Kooxda | |- |[[2002 Horyaalka Afrika ee Ciyaaraha Fudud|Horyaalka Afrika]] |[[Radès]], [[Tunisia]] |4aad |10,000 m | |- |rowspan=7|2003 |rowspan=4|[[2003 Horyaalka Adduunka ee Orodka Dhulka ee IAAF|Horyaalka Adduunka ee Orodka Dhulka]] |rowspan=4|[[Lausanne]], Switzerland | 10aad |Orodka gaaban | |- |bgcolor="cc9966"| 3aad |Kooxda | |- | 15aad |Orodka dheer | |- |bgcolor="cc9966"| 3aad |Kooxda | |- |[[2003 Horyaalka Adduunka ee Gudaha ee IAAF|Horyaalka Adduunka ee Gudaha]] |[[Birmingham]], [[England]] |9aad |[[2003 Horyaalka Adduunka ee Gudaha ee IAAF – 3000 mitir ee ragga|3000 m]] | |- |[[2003 Horyaalka Adduunka ee Ciyaaraha Fudud|Horyaalka Adduunka]] |[[Paris]], France |10aad |[[2003 Horyaalka Adduunka ee Ciyaaraha Fudud – 5000 mitir ee ragga|5000 m]] | |- |[[2003 Horyaalka Adduunka ee Nus Marathon ee IAAF|Horyaalka Adduunka ee Nus Marathon]] |[[Vilamoura]], [[Portugal]] |12aad |Nus marathon | |- |rowspan=5|2004 |rowspan=2|[[2004 Horyaalka Adduunka ee Orodka Dhulka ee IAAF|Horyaalka Adduunka ee Orodka Dhulka]] |rowspan=2|[[Brussels]], Belgium |14aad |Orodka dheer | |- |4aad |Kooxda | |- |[[2004 Ciyaaraha Olombikada ee xagaaga|Ciyaaraha Olombikada]] |[[Athens]], [[Greece]] |13aad |[[Ciyaaraha fudud ee 2004 Ciyaaraha Olombikada ee xagaaga – 5000 mitir ee ragga|5000 m]] | |- |[[2004 IAAF World Athletics Final|World Athletics Final]] |[[Monte Carlo]], [[Monaco]] |9aad |5000 m | |- |[[Ciyaaraha fudud ee 2004 Ciyaaraha Pan Arab|Ciyaaraha Pan Arab]] |[[Algiers]], Algeria |bgcolor=silver|2aad |5000 m | |- |rowspan=5|2005 |rowspan=2|[[2005 Horyaalka Adduunka ee Orodka Dhulka ee IAAF|Horyaalka Adduunka ee Orodka Dhulka]] |rowspan=2|[[Saint-Étienne]], France |18aad |Orodka gaaban | |- |4aad |Kooxda | |- |[[2005 Horyaalka Adduunka ee Ciyaaraha Fudud|Horyaalka Adduunka]] |[[Helsinki, Finland]] |8aad |[[2005 Horyaalka Adduunka ee Ciyaaraha Fudud - 10,000 mitir ee ragga|10,000 m]] | |- |[[2005 IAAF World Athletics Final|World Athletics Final]] |[[Monte Carlo]], [[Monaco]] |10aad |3000 m | |- |[[Ciyaaraha fudud ee 2005 Jeux de la Francophonie|Jeux de la Francophonie]] |[[Niamey]], Niger |bgcolor=silver|2aad |10,000 m | |- |rowspan=2|2006 |rowspan=2|[[2006 Horyaalka Adduunka ee Orodka Dhulka ee IAAF|Horyaalka Adduunka ee Orodka Dhulka]] |rowspan=2|[[Fukuoka, Fukuoka|Fukuoka]], Japan |11aad |Orodka dheer | |- |4aad |Kooxda | |- |rowspan=3|2007 |rowspan=2|[[2007 Horyaalka Adduunka ee Orodka Dhulka ee IAAF|Horyaalka Adduunka ee Orodka Dhulka]] |rowspan=2|[[Mombasa]], [[Kenya]] |21aad |Orodka weyn | |- |bgcolor="silver"| 2aad |Kooxda | |- |[[2007 Horyaalka Adduunka ee Ciyaaraha Fudud|Horyaalka Adduunka]] |[[Osaka, Japan]] |— |Marathon |[[2007 Horyaalka Adduunka ee Ciyaaraha Fudud – Marathon-ka ragga|DNF]] |- |2008 |[[2008 Ciyaaraha Olombikada ee xagaaga|Ciyaaraha Olombikada]] |[[Beijing]], China |20aad |[[Ciyaaraha fudud ee 2008 Ciyaaraha Olombikada ee xagaaga – Marathon-ka ragga|Marathon]] | |- |rowspan=2|2009 |[[2009 Horyaalka Adduunka ee Ciyaaraha Fudud|Horyaalka Adduunka]] |[[Berlin]], Germany |— |Marathon |[[2009 Horyaalka Adduunka ee Ciyaaraha Fudud – Marathon-ka ragga|DNF]] |- |[[Chicago Marathon]] |[[Chicago]], United States |bgcolor="silver" | 2aad |Marathon |2:06:04 <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.suntimes.com/sports/1819753,CST-SPT-mara12.article |title=Wanjiru in grand old time |access-date=2009-10-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091014221501/http://www.suntimes.com/sports/1819753,CST-SPT-mara12.article |archive-date=2009-10-14 |url-status=dead }}</ref> |} ​ ===Natiijooyinka ugu wanaagsan=== *[[1500 mitir]] – 3:39.80 min (1998) *[[3000 mitir]] – 7:32.36 min (2001) *[[5000 mitir]] – 12:50.25 min (2005) *[[10,000 mitir]] – 27:02.62 min (2005) *[[Nus Marathon]] – 1:01:19 hrs (2001) *[[Marathon (sport)|Marathon]] – 2:05:30 hrs (2008; rikoorkii hore ee Morocco) ​ == Tixraacyo == {{Reflist|2}} ​ ==Xiriirinta dibadda== {{authority control}} ​{{DEFAULTSORT:Goumri, Abderrahim}} rrjkuvuol7r0v044s1byzdv1xhttmvf 0 47082 297124 294908 2026-05-11T02:38:21Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 297124 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox football biography | name = Hugo Gatti | image = Hugo gatti boca.jpg | upright = 0.9 | caption = Gatti isagoo u ciyaaraya [[Boca Juniors]] sanadkii 1977 | full_name = Hugo Orlando Gatti | birth_date = {{Birth date|1944|8|19|df=y}} | birth_place = [[Carlos Tejedor Partido|Carlos Tejedor]], [[Buenos Aires Province]], Argentina | death_date = {{Death date and age|2025|4|20|1944|8|19|df=y}} | death_place = [[Buenos Aires]], Argentina | height = 1.85 m | position = [[Goalkeeper (association football)|Goolhaye]] | currentclub = | youthyears1 = 1960–1961 | youthclubs1 = [[Club Atlético Atlanta|Atlanta]] | years1 = 1962–1964 | clubs1 = [[Club Atlético Atlanta|Atlanta]] | caps1 = 38 | goals1 = 0 | years2 = 1964–1968 | clubs2 = [[Club Atlético River Plate|River Plate]] | caps2 = 77 | goals2 = 0 | years3 = 1969–1974 | clubs3 = [[Club de Gimnasia y Esgrima La Plata|Gimnasia La Plata]] | caps3 = 224 | goals3 = 0 | years4 = 1974–1975 | clubs4 = [[Unión de Santa Fe|Unión Santa Fe]] | caps4 = 45 | goals4 = 0 | years5 = 1976–1988 | clubs5 = [[Boca Juniors]] | caps5 = 381 | goals5 = 1 | totalcaps = 765 | totalgoals = 1 | nationalyears1 = 1967–1977 | nationalteam1 = [[Argentina national football team|Argentina]] | nationalcaps1 = 18 | nationalgoals1 = 0 }} ​'''Hugo Orlando Gatti''' (19 Ogosto 1944 – 20 Abriil 2025) wuxuu ahaa [[goalkeeper (association football)|goolhaye kubbadda cagta]] Argentine ah kaasoo ka ciyaaray [[Argentine Primera División]] muddo 26 xilli ciyaareed ah<ref name="educar">{{in lang|es}}[http://www.redargentina.com/DeportesArgentinos/Gatti.asp Hugo Orlando Gatti bio] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060908172813/http://www.redargentina.com/DeportesArgentinos/Gatti.asp |date=8 September 2006 }} – Redargentina.com – educar.org</ref> wuxuuna dhigay rikoor ah 765 kulan oo horyaalka ah iyo 52 kulan oo caalami ah, taasoo wadarta guud ka dhigaysa 817 kulan oo uu ciyaaray. Gatti waa ciyaaryahanka ugu saftay kulamada ugu badan horyaalka Argentina abid.<ref name=APPP>[http://www.lanacion.com.ar/1741454-el-abuelo-y-tapicero-que-se-convertira-en-el-jugador-con-mas-partidos-en-el-futbol-argentino El abuelo y tapicero que se convertirá en el jugador con más partidos en el fútbol argentino] {{Wayback|url=http://www.lanacion.com.ar/1741454-el-abuelo-y-tapicero-que-se-convertira-en-el-jugador-con-mas-partidos-en-el-futbol-argentino |date=20171010213532 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171010213532/http://www.lanacion.com.ar/1741454-el-abuelo-y-tapicero-que-se-convertira-en-el-jugador-con-mas-partidos-en-el-futbol-argentino |date=10 October 2017 }}, ''La Nación'', 5 November 2014</ref><ref name=APP>[http://www.teaydeportea.edu.ar/archivos/a-30-anos-del-record-inalcanzable-de-hugo-gatti/ A 30 AÑOS DEL RÉCORD INALCANZABLE DE HUGO GATTI] {{Wayback|url=http://www.teaydeportea.edu.ar/archivos/a-30-anos-del-record-inalcanzable-de-hugo-gatti/ |date=20171010212807 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171010212807/http://www.teaydeportea.edu.ar/archivos/a-30-anos-del-record-inalcanzable-de-hugo-gatti/ |date=10 October 2017 }}, Deportea</ref> ​Muddadii uu ku jiray xirfadiisa, Gatti wuxuu ku guuleystay saddex koob oo Primera División ah, laba koob oo [[Copa Libertadores]] ah, iyo hal [[Intercontinental Cup (1960–2004)|Intercontinental Cup]], dhammaantoodna wuxuu la qaatay [[Boca Juniors]], wuxuuna si xirfad leh u ciyaaray ilaa da'da 44. ​ Gatti, oo loo yaqaanay ''El Loco (Waallanaha)'' waxaa lagu aqoonsaday soo jiidashadiisa, qaab ciyaareedkiisa cusub ee booskiisa iyo caadooyinkiisa gaarka ah. Wuxuu u horumaray goolhaye ku tiirsan ka warqabka booska halkii uu ka tiirsanaan lahaa falcelinta (reflexes). Wuxuu inta badan ka bixi jiray [[penalty area|aagga ganaaxa]] si uu ugu shaqeeyo sidii ciyaaryahan dheeri ah, wuxuuna ku biiri jiray asxaabtiisa difaaca – marar badanna weerarka. Si ka duwan goolhayeyaasha badankood ee xilligiisii, wuxuu si ballaaran u isticmaali jiray lugaheeda, madaxiisa, iyo xabadkiisa si uu kubbadda u xakameeyo ama u laago. Wuxuu ahaa mid ka mid ah hormuudka ''achique'', farsamada goolhayenimada ee ah in loo ordo si loo loolamo ciyaaryahan ka tirsan kooxda ka soo horjeeda ee soo socda.<ref name="FIFArev">[https://www.fifa.com/en/news/index/0,1464,10333,00.html?articleid=10333 "Revolution between the Latin American Goalposts"]{{dead link|date=October 2021|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}} – fifa.com – [[FIFA]], 10 January 2000.</ref> Sidoo kale wuxuu caan ku ahaa wajahidda [[Penalty kick (association football)|laadka rigoorada]], isagoo [[Save (sport)#Soccer|badbaadiyay]] 26 ka mid ah intii uu ku jiray xirfadiisa, taasoo ah tirada ugu badan abid ee ''[[Argentine First Division|Primera División]]'' isagoo la siman goolhayaha xilligaas ee [[Ubaldo Fillol]]. ​Gatti waxaa loo doortay [[Player of the Year of Argentina|Ciyaaryahanka Sanadka ee Argentina]] 1982-kii, waxaana loo aqoonsaday goolhayaha saddexaad ee ugu wanaagsan Argentine ee qarnigii 20-aad codeyn ay qaaday [[IFFHS]].<ref>[https://www.rsssf.org/miscellaneous/iffhs-century.html IFFHS' Century Elections] – rsssf.org – by Karel Stokkermans, [[RSSSF]].</ref><ref>[http://www.iffhs.de/?b40f8ca85bd0e027e8f05f04f02788342b90c443ccb40385fdcdc3bfcdc0aec70aeedb8a3f0e03790c443e0f40390400 The World's best Goalkeeper of the Century] – iffhs.de – [[IFFHS]]. Retrieved November 2006.</ref> ​ ==Nolosha hore== Wuxuu ku dhashay [[Carlos Tejedor, Buenos Aires|Carlos Tejedor]], [[Province of Buenos Aires]], Gatti wuxuu ahaa kan ugu yar walaalihiis.<ref name="educar" /> Intii uu yaraa wuxuu aad u yaqiinnay u ciyaarista sidii [[forward (association football)|weeraryahan]], taas oo sida uu isagu sheegay ahayd habka ugu wanaagsan ee lagu ogaan karo sida weeraryahanadu u fikiraan una dhaqmaan.<ref>{{in lang|es}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20060622152238/http://mediapunta.es/articulo.php?id=277 Hugo Orlando Gatti: "El achique de Dios"] – mediapunta.es – Sociedad Media Punta Ediciones, S.L., Madrid</ref> ​==Xirfadda naadiga== ​ ===Xirfadda hore=== Sanadkii 1960-kii, isagoo jira 16 sano, Gatti wuxuu tagay ciyaar ay lahayd [[C.A. River Plate]] wuxuuna arkay [[Amadeo Carrizo]] oo ciyaaraya, kaasoo noqon lahaa mid ka mid ah [[role model|dayashadiisa]] goolhaye ahaan.<ref name="educar" /> Ka dib wuxuu bilaabay inuu u ciyaaro [[Club Atlético Atlanta|Atlanta]] heerka lixaad ee Argentina. Markiisii ugu horreysay ee ''Primera División'' waxay ahayd 1962-kii isagoo ka hor yimid [[Club de Gimnasia y Esgrima La Plata|Gimnasia y Esgrima La Plata]]. ​[[File:Hugo Gatti 2.jpg|thumb|right|160px|Gatti sanadkii 1966.]] Gatti wuxuu u ciyaaray 38 kulan Atlanta, intaas ka dibna waxaa iibsatay River Plate. Wuxuu u ciyaaray 77 kulan River intii u dhaxeysay 1964 iyo 1968, isagoo la bedbedelayay goolhayaha koowaad ee [[Amadeo Carrizo]], ilaa looga wareejiyay Gimnasia y Esgrima, halkaas oo uu u saftay 244 kulan oo horyaalka ah intii u dhaxeysay 1969 iyo 1974. Sanadkii 1975, wuxuu ku biiray [[Unión de Santa Fe]], taasoo soo bandhigtay xilli ciyaareed cajiib ah oo uu la joogo tababare [[Juan Carlos Lorenzo]]. ​===Boca Juniors=== In kasta oo Gatti uu horeba caan u ahaa ka hor inta uusan imaan [[Boca Juniors]], waxay ahayd naadigaas halka uu ku noqday halyeey, waana Boca Juniors naadiga taariikh ahaan loogu xiriiriyo inta badan. Gatti wuxuu u ciyaaray wadar ahaan 381 kulan oo horyaalka ah iyo 47 kulan oo ''[[Copa Libertadores]]'' ah<ref>[https://www.rsssf.org/players/players-in-copalib.html Statistics of players in the Copa Libertadores] – [[RSSSF]]</ref> ee kooxda ''[[Boca Juniors|Xeneizes]]'' laga bilaabo 1976 ilaa uu ka fariistay 1988. Waa goolhayaha ugu saftay kulamada ugu badan taariikhda Boca Juniors iyo ciyaaryahanka labaad ee guud ahaan ka dambeeya [[Roberto Mouzo]], kaasoo ciyaaray 396 kulan oo horyaalka ah.<ref>{{Cite web |title="Profile of Hugo Gatti – one of the all-time greats" |url=http://www.periodismodeportivo.com/es_isped_deportivo_nota.php?p_codigo=121&p_area=10&p_turno=1 |access-date=2026-01-24 |archive-date=2007-09-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928210407/http://www.periodismodeportivo.com/es_isped_deportivo_nota.php?p_codigo=121&p_area=10&p_turno=1 |url-status=dead }}</ref> ​Safashadiisii ugu horreysay ee Boca waxay dhacday 15 Febraayo 1976. Sanadkii 1976, wuxuu ku guuleystay [[Double (association football)|laba-koob]] oo ah horyaalka [[Metropolitano championship|Metropolitano]] iyo ''Copa Libertadores''. Finalka Copa Libertadores, wuxuu badbaadiyay rigoore muhiim ah oo uu laaday ciyaaryahanka kooxda [[Cruzeiro Esporte Clube|Cruzeiro]] Vanderlei.<ref>{{in lang|pt}} [http://www.papodebola.com.br/goleiros/20041027.htm "Gatti, El loco"] {{Wayback|url=http://www.papodebola.com.br/goleiros/20041027.htm |date=20070928111759 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928111759/http://www.papodebola.com.br/goleiros/20041027.htm |date=28 September 2007 }} – papodebola.com.br</ref><ref>{{in lang|es}} [http://www.clarin.com/diario/2001/01/13/d-01201.htm "Futbol Argentino: Los grandes del arco"] {{Wayback|url=http://www.clarin.com/diario/2001/01/13/d-01201.htm |date=20090317063047 }} – clarin.com – Grupo Clarín</ref> Sanadkii ku xigay, Boca waxay mar kale ku guuleysatay [[Copa Libertadores]], ka dibna waxay ka adkaadeen [[Borussia Mönchengladbach]] finalka [[Intercontinental Cup (1960–2004)|Intercontinental Cup]]. Wuxuu ku guuleystay ''Metropolitano''-kiisii saddexaad sanadkii 1981. ​1980-meeyadii waxay u ahaayeen waqti adag Boca, Gatti-na wuxuu lahaa xilliyo uu maqnaa sanadahaas. Ciyaartiisii ugu dambeysay waxay ahayd 11 Sebtember 1988, maalin ay qalad uu isagu sameeyay uu isaga iyo Boca ku waayeen natiijada. Waxaa laga dhigay keyd intaas ka dib, mana uusan mar kale ciyaarin kulan rasmi ah. ​24-kii Janaayo 1984, ciyaar saaxiibtinimo oo u dhaxeysay Boca Juniors iyo Gimnasia y Esgrima ayaa loo ciyaaray sidii loogu maamuusi lahaa isaga.<ref>[https://www.rsssf.org/tablesb/bocajuniors-res.html Club Atlético Boca Juniors – All Results 1977–2001] – [[RSSSF]]</ref> ​ ==Xirfadda caalamiga ah== [[Argentina national football team|Xulka qaranka Argentina]], Gatti wuxuu u saftay 18 [[cap (sport)|kulan]].<ref name="educar"/> intii u dhaxeysay 1967 iyo 1977. Safashadiisii ugu horreysay ee caalami ah waxay ahayd 13 Ogosto 1967 iyagoo ka hor yimid [[Paraguay national football team|Paraguay]].<ref>[https://ceaa.blogspot.com/2006/09/hugo-gatti.html HUGO GATTI : Cuando el arte ataque]</ref> Wuxuu qeyb ka ahaa [[1966 FIFA World Cup|koobka adduunka 1966]] [[1966 FIFA World Cup squads#Argentina|liiska xulka]], laakiin ma uusan ciyaarin maadaama goolhayaha koowaad uu ahaa [[Antonio Roma]]. Argentina uma aysan soo bixin [[1970 FIFA World Cup|1970-kii]], [[1974 FIFA World Cup|tartankii 1974-tiina]], looma xulan kooxda. Wuxuu ahaa mid ku soo bilaabanayay kulamo badan oo saaxiibtinimo ka hor [[1978 FIFA World Cup|koobka adduunka 1978]] isagoo ka hoos ciyaarayay tababare [[Cesar Menotti]], laakiin Gatti ayaa laga saaray kooxda koobka iyadoo laga door biday [[Ubaldo Fillol]], [[Héctor Baley]] iyo [[Ricardo La Volpe]].<ref>[http://www.goalkeepersaredifferent.com/keeper/goalkeeping_greats.htm "Goalkeeping greats"] – goalkeepersaredifferent.com</ref> ​Ciyaartiisii ugu dambeysay ee caalami ah waxay ahayd 5 Juun 1977.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.agrupacionnuevoboca.com.ar/Club/Historia/Efemerid/Efe06.asp |title=Notable dates in Boca Juniors history |access-date=13 October 2006 |archive-date=18 June 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060618142603/http://www.agrupacionnuevoboca.com.ar/Club/Historia/Efemerid/Efe06.asp |url-status=dead }}</ref> ​ ==Xirfadda hawlgabnimo ka dib== Gatti wuxuu sii watay ku lug lahaanshaha kubbadda cagta tan iyo markii uu ka fariistay ciyaaraha, isagoo qora maqaallo iyo fikrado mararka qaarkood muran dhaliyay. Laga bilaabo 2010, wuxuu ku noolaa Spain wuxuuna la shaqeeyay dhowr goobood oo warbaahineed, gaar ahaan "Punto Pelota" oo hadda ah "El Chiringuito de Jugones". Intaa waxaa dheer, laga bilaabo 2012, wuxuu la shaqeeyay dhowr bandhigyo kubbadda cagta ah oo ka dhaca Argentina. ​Wiilkiisa [[Lucas Gatti]], oo dhashay 1978, wuxuu sidoo kale ahaa ciyaaryahan xirfadle ah wuxuuna u ciyaaray khadka dhexe kooxaha [[Argentinos Juniors]], [[Dundee F.C.]] iyo [[CD Badajoz]].<ref>{{Cite web |last= |date=25 July 2022 |title=Lucas Gatti named Bromley U23's manager |url=https://www.bromleyfc.co.uk/news/lucas-gatti-named-bromley-u23s-manager/ |access-date=29 October 2023 |website=Bromley Football Club |language=en}}</ref> ​ ===Loolanka=== Xirfaddiisa [[Boca Juniors]], wuxuu ahaa dhigga [[Ubaldo Fillol]], goolhaye kale oo weyn oo Argentine ah kaasoo u ciyaarayay kooxda ay aadka u xafiiltamaan ee [[Club Atlético River Plate|River Plate]]. Fillol had iyo jeer wuxuu ahaa sawirka xirfad-yaqaannimada iyo dhabnimada; dhanka kale, "Waallane" Gatti, wuxuu u muuqday mid ka duwan oo aan caadi ahayn. ​==Xanuunka iyo dhimashada== Gatti wuxuu dhintay 20 Abriil 2025, isagoo jira 80 sano, gudaha [[Hospital Pirovano]] ee Buenos Aires ka dib markii uu in ka badan laba bilood ku qaatay daryeelka degdegga ah.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Hugo "El Loco" Gatti dies at 80, legendary goalkeeper for Argentina and Boca Juniors|url=https://www.beinsports.com/en-us/soccer/articles-video/hugo-el-loco-gatti-dies-at-80-legendary-goalkeeper-for-argentina-and-boca-juniors-2025-04-21|website=[[beIN Sports]]|date=21 April 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Muere Hugo Gatti|url=https://as.com/futbol/internacional/fallece-hugo-gatti-n/?outputType=amp|website=[[Diario AS]]|date=20 April 2025|access-date=21 April 2025|language=as}}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Shanaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Dhibaatooyinkiisa caafimaad waxay ku bilaawdeen jab sinta ah oo uu sababay shil guriga dhexdiisa ah. In kasta oo qalliinkii hore uu guulaystay, balse soo kabashadiisa waxaa adkeeyay caabuq uu cusbitaalka ka qaaday, kaas oo horseeday [[bilateral pneumonia|oof wareen labada dhinac ah]], wadne xanuun, kelyo xanuun, iyo ugu dambeyntii [[sepsis|sumowga dhiigga]]. Waxaa la geliyay [[coma]] la kiciyay, ka dibna waxaa laga saaray qalabka neefsashada ka dib markii xaaladiisu ay noqotay mid aan dib loo soo celin karin.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://derechadiario.com.ar/us/argentina/loco-gatti-died-at-80-years-old-from-pneumonia-and-heart-and-kidney-failure |title=The Crazy Gatti died at 80 years old from pneumonia, heart, and kidney failure |publisher=La Derecha Diario |date=20 April 2025 }}</ref> ==Sharafta== '''Boca Juniors''' ​[[Argentine Primera División]]: [[1976 Argentine Primera División#Metropolitano Championship|1976 Metropolitano]], [[1976 Argentine Primera División#Campeonato Nacional|1976 Nacional]], [[1981 Argentine Primera División#Metropolitano championship|1981 Metropolitano]] ​[[Copa Libertadores]]: [[1977 Copa Libertadores|1977]], [[1978 Copa Libertadores|1978]] ​[[Intercontinental Cup (1960–2004)|Intercontinental Cup]]: [[1977 Intercontinental Cup|1977]] ​'''Shaqsiyad''' *[[Argentine Footballer of the Year]]: 1982 *[[International Federation of Football History & Statistics|IFFHS]] Argentina All Times Dream Team (Team C): 2021<ref>{{cite web|url=https://iffhs.com/posts/1239|title=IFFHS ALL TIME ARGENTINA MEN'S DREAM TEAM|date=26 August 2021}}</ref> ​'''Rikoorka''' ​Argentine Primera División inta jeer ee ugu badan ee la saftay: 765<ref name=APPP /><ref name=APP /> ==Tixraac== {{reflist}} ​ ==Xiriirinta dibadda== {{Commons category}} ​{{IMDb name| 2455638}} ​[https://web.archive.org/web/20061208234601/http://www.informexeneize.com.ar/biografia_hugo_orlando_gatti.htm Taariikh nololeedka Hugo Orlando Gatti] – informexeneize.com {{in lang|es}} ​[https://web.archive.org/web/20060622152238/http://mediapunta.es/articulo.php?id=277 "Hugo Orlando Gatti: El achique de Dios"] – mediapunta.es {{in lang|es}} ​{{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061014232110/http://www.bocampeonweb.com.ar/Historia/idolos/gatti.htm |date=14 October 2006 |title=Hugo Gatti – palmares, photo gallery, video, wallpapers}} {{in lang|es}} ​{{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071020025202/http://futbolfactory.futbolweb.net/index.php?ff=historicos&f2=00001&idjugador=294 |date=20 October 2007 |title=Futbol Factory profile}} {{in lang|es}} ​{{Authority control}} ​{{DEFAULTSORT:Gatti, Hugo}} bf0npye23ydtccih9yxnoclq2puf1fv 0 47432 297111 297105 2026-05-10T19:56:17Z Cabdi1991 45021 Sixawle karanle waa qabiil somaliyeed 297111 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox ethnic group | group = Sixawle Karanle <br>سيحولي كرانلي | native_name = بنو كرانلي | image = [[File:Calanka karanle.jpg|thumb|center|Calanka Karanle]] | population = | region1 = {{flag|Somalia}} | region2 = {{flag|Ethiopia}} | region3 = {{flag|Kenya}} | languages = * {{nowrap|{{flagicon|Somalia}}Af-soomaali}} *{{nowrap|{{flagicon|Arab League}} Af-carabi}} | religions = Sunni Islam | related_groups = [[baad buraale]] [[murursade]] [[hawiye]] }} '''Sixawle''' ({{lang-ar|بنو سيحولي}}; {{lang-en|Sixawle}}) waa qabiil ka tirsan beesha '''[[Karanle]]''', oo iyaduna hoos timaada beel-weynta '''[[Hawiye]]''', mid ka mid ah lafaha ugu waaweyn ee bulshada [[Dadka Soomaaliyeed]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Lewis |first=I. M. |title=A Modern History of the Somali: Nation and State in the Horn of Africa |year=2002 |publisher=Ohio University Press}}</ref> == Dulmar == Sixawle waxaa lagu tiriyaa qabiilada Karanle, iyadoo xogta ku saabsan qaab-dhismeedkooda badanaa ku saleysan yahay dhaqanka iyo afka (oral tradition. == Qaab-dhismeedka == Sidaan kasoo xigtay dhaqanka beesha, Sixawle waxay u kala baxaan: * '''[[Baad]]''' * '''Buraale (Sanbure)''' Jufada Baad waxaa lagu tilmaamaa mid ballaaran oo leh jilibyo badan, oo ay ka mid yihiin: * Ciye Baad * Shurbul Baad === [[Ciye Baad ]]=== Waxaa ka mid ah jufooyin sida: === [[Wargube]] === *Reer cabdi **Reer cade boore **Reer Qaadi **Reer xasan **faracyo kale === Reer Roon === **Reer Fiqi muuse ***Reer Hiraab Fiqi ***Reer Yaxye Fiqi **Reer Garaad (Caamir) **Reer Sharmaake **Reer Dhuubane ***Reer Xaabow Fiqi **Reer Aw Nuur ***Reer Xuseen Fiqi * Reer Maxamuud Fiqi *Reer Jibriil Fiqi *Reer Dhore Fiqi *Reer Xaaji Cabdiraxmaan (Luuje) *Reer Faatax *Reer Bulaale *Reer Garaad === [[Shurbul Baad]] === * Talays ** Reer Faarax ** Reer Geedi ** Reer Cali ** Reer Cabdile Rooble * Iidfure ** Reer Cabdi ** Reer Xuseen ** Reer Alaale ** Reer Makaail === Buraale (Sanbure) === Waxaa ka mid ah: * Faarax Samatar * Xasan Faarax * Cabdille Faarax * Xaaji Faarax * Maxamuud Faarax === Asal iyo deegaan === Sixawle waxaa asal ahaan degaan dhulka somali galbeed bariga [[Itoobiya]], iyadoo sidoo kale laga helo qaybo ka mid ah koonfurta [[Soomaaliya]] gaar ahaan jubada dhexe.<ref>{{cite book |last=Lewis |first=I. M. |title=A Pastoral Democracy |year=1994 |publisher=Oxford University Press}}</ref> Deegaannada lagu tilmaamo inay deegaan ku yihiin waxaa ka mid ah: [[File:Magalada dhandhame 20260421 161316 karanle.jpg|thumb|waa D/dhandhame ee Deegaanka somalida kililka shanaad sawir hore]] * Imi (Iimey) * Babille Baabili * Fafi Faafi * Dhan Dhame (Dhan-dhame) * Afder Zone|Afdheer Iyo waliba deegaano badan beeshu waa beel dhib badan madax adag Dagaal badan deegaanada ay degan yihiin dadka ladagan iskaba daaye Iyagaa mararka qaar birta iska asla {{Location map Ethiopia | width = 300 | float = right | label = Deegaannada Sixawle | lat = 5.0 | long = 42.5 | position = right | caption = Meelaha ugu waaweyn ee ay degaan Sixawle ee Deegaanka Soomaalida Itoobiya }} ==Dhaqan iyo dhaqaale== Dhaqanka Beesha Sixawle wuxuu inta badan ku salaysan yahay xoolo-dhaqasho iyo beerasho, iyadoo dhaqaalaha ay umada somali kutiirsan tahay lagu tilmaamo xoolaha nuucyadiisa sida geel, lo’, iyo ari/iwm oo ay kamid yihiin fardaha.<ref>{{cite report |title=Somalia Human Development Report |year=2001 |publisher=UNDP}}</ref> ==Nidaamka dhaqanka== Sida beelaha kale ee Soomaaliyeed, Sixawle waxay leeyihiin nidaam dhaqameed ku dhisan waxa layiraah: * Xeer Soomaali oo magta lagu kala qaato geel ama lo' * wexey leeyihin sidokale Hoggaan dhaqameed sida ugaasyo, garaadyo, iyo nabadoonno Waxaa kamid Ahaa xasan oo maanta Ah juffo layiraah * Reer xasan Kana mid ah curadka beesha Sixawle ee [[WARGUBE]] Sikooban xasan wuxuu Ahaa oday dhaqameed GAR uunan Asiga gooyin ama uu goob joog ka Ahayn cidna ku heshiin jirin kadib xasan waxaa lawreegay Aden kadibna ==[[Sheikh Nuur macalin Aden]]== Kumuu Ahaa jannadii firdowsa Alle hageeyee [[Sheikh Nuur Macalin Aden]](2007 ilaa 2012) wuxuu ahaa gudoomiyihii hore ee maxakamada D/wardhiigley Dowladii [[TFG]] ee [[Cabdullaahi Yuusuf]] iyo waliba [[shariif Axmed]] Garsoore yaashii ugu waqtiga dheeraa kadib burburkii dowladii dhexe ee [[somaliya]] (sanadii 1994tii kasoo shaqeeyay kana mid Ahaa Garsoore yaashii lagu Aasaasay Maxkamadii D/wardhigley ee la oranjiray [[Xararyaale]] [[Warta Nabada]] (2012 ilaa 2019)kii Garsoore yaashii maxkamada gobolka [[Banaadir]] (2001dii) Garsoore yaashii maxkamadii racfaanka ee dowladii kumeel gaarka ahayd ee Madaxweyne [[Cabdiqaasim Salaad]] iyo waliba (2006dii) xiligii Maxaakiimta ee muqdisho oo uu katirsanaa maxkamadihii racfaanka Ee maxaakiimtii Islamiga Shakhsi siweyn ugu soo Adeegay [[Garsoorka Soomaaliya]] Sheikh nuur macalin Aden wuxuu Ahaa sidokale Nin dhaqameed codkar Ah qabweyn garta marka uu kujirana dadka deeqsiiya Hadalkiisa dhinaca kale tolkiisa Ukhidmeya garta uqaada oo garta uu ukala qaado tolkiisa Eyan dib ugu soo noqon jirin Alle ha unaxariisto wuxuu Ahaa sheikh iyo oday dhaqameed Aad ay ujeclaayeen intii ay isla soo shaqeeyeen Iyo somalidii uu garta usoo kala dhigay wuxuu ku dadaali jiray sulux iyo heshiis in lagu dhameeyo xaalka dadkuna ay laqaadan jireen == Taariikh == === Xilligii hore === Ka hor gumeysiga, bulshada Soomaaliyeed waxay galeen dagaallo ku saabsan dhul, ceelal biyo, iyo xoolo, kuwaas oo badanaa lagu xallin jiray xeer dhaqameed aad u adag suutagalna kadhigi jiray meel lagu hoogay in ay ubadalaan nabad iyo caano.<ref>{{cite book |last=Lewis |first=I. M. |title=A Pastoral Democracy |year=1994}}</ref> === Xilligii gumeysiga === [[Qarnigii 19aad]] iyo 20aad, isbeddelada gumeysiga ayaa saameeyay noloshii reer guuraaga ee Geeska Afrika.waxaa isbadalay dhaqankii guurkii dharkii laga soo bilaabo min herer ilaa raaska ugu dabeeya ee kugu shubeysa bad weynta hindiya ee muqdisho isla markiiba waxaa la arkay umad magaalowday meelkastaa oo ay somali degto waxaa fududaaday isu socodka dadka Iyo war maqalkoodu intuba === Dagaalkii Ogaadeen Ama somali Abow === Dagaalkii u dhexeeyay Soomaaliya iyo Itoobiya (1977–1978) ayaa saameeyay deegaanada gobolka, waxaana ka dhashay barakac iyo khasaare dhaqaale meelaha uu sida weyn uga dhacay dagaalkaasi waxaa kamid ah jinicsani oo ah halka ugu dabeesa ee Afsomali lagaga hadlo sidaas daraadeedna dagaalkaas ku naaneesmay somali Abow markii dambana kaba aasaasantay jabhadii ugu horeysay ee kililka shanad magaceeduna ahaa jabhadii somali Abow.<ref>{{cite book |last=Tareke |first=Gebru |title=The Ethiopian Revolution: War in the Horn of Africa |year=2009 |publisher=Yale University Press}}</ref> === Dagaalladii sokeeye === Kadib burburkii dowladdii dhexe ee Soomaaliya 1991, waxaa dhacay isku dhacyo gudaha ah iyo loolan ku saabsan dhul iyo maamul bulshooyinkii ku abtirsanaayay reerkaanna dhankii koofureed uga baxeen itoobiya iyo kenya.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Besteman |first1=Catherine |last2=Cassanelli |first2=Lee V. |title=The Struggle for Land in Southern Somalia |year=2000 |publisher=Westview Press}}</ref> == Xaaladda casriga ah == Maanta, bulshadaan waxay ku nool yihiin magaalooyin iyo baadiyo, waxayna ka qayb qaataan ganacsi, waxbarasho, iyo arrimaha bulshada. == Eeg sidoo kale == * [[Karanle]] — [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karanle English] * [[Hawiye]] * [[Dadka Soomaaliyeed]] * [[Hawiye]] — [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawiye English] * [[Dadka Soomaaliyeed]] — [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somalis English] == Tixraacyo == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Hawiye]] [[Category:Dir]] [[Category:Daarood]] [[Category:Rahanweyn]] 9sw3aorin9ut1z5lh09d15nr3qpq9jb 297112 297111 2026-05-10T19:58:40Z Cabdi1991 45021 Sixawle karanle waa qabiil somaliyeed 297112 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox ethnic group | group = Sixawle Karanle <br>سيحولي كرانلي | native_name = بنو كرانلي | image = [[File:Calanka karanle.jpg|thumb|center|Calanka Karanle]] | population = | region1 = {{flag|Somalia}} | region2 = {{flag|Ethiopia}} | region3 = {{flag|Kenya}} | languages = * {{nowrap|{{flagicon|Somalia}}Af-soomaali}} *{{nowrap|{{flagicon|Arab League}} Af-carabi}} | religions = Sunni Islam | related_groups = [[baad buraale]] [[murursade]] [[hawiye]] }} '''Sixawle''' ({{lang-ar|بنو سيحولي}}; {{lang-en|Sixawle}}) waa qabiil ka tirsan beesha '''[[Karanle]]''', oo iyaduna hoos timaada beel-weynta '''[[Hawiye]]''', mid ka mid ah lafaha ugu waaweyn ee bulshada [[Dadka Soomaaliyeed]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Lewis |first=I. M. |title=A Modern History of the Somali: Nation and State in the Horn of Africa |year=2002 |publisher=Ohio University Press}}</ref> == Dulmar == Sixawle waxaa lagu tiriyaa qabiilada Karanle, iyadoo xogta ku saabsan qaab-dhismeedkooda badanaa ku saleysan yahay dhaqanka iyo afka (oral tradition. == Qaab-dhismeedka == Sidaan kasoo xigtay dhaqanka beesha, Sixawle waxay u kala baxaan: * '''[[Baad]]''' * '''Buraale (Sanbure)''' Jufada Baad waxaa lagu tilmaamaa mid ballaaran oo leh jilibyo badan, oo ay ka mid yihiin: * Ciye Baad * Shurbul Baad === [[Ciye Baad ]]=== Waxaa ka mid ah jufooyin sida: === [[Wargube]] === *cabdi *cade boore *Qaadi *xasan *faracyo kale === Reer Roon === **Reer Fiqi muuse ***Reer Hiraab Fiqi ***Reer Yaxye Fiqi **Reer Garaad (Caamir) **Reer Sharmaake **Reer Dhuubane ***Reer Xaabow Fiqi **Reer Aw Nuur ***Reer Xuseen Fiqi * Reer Maxamuud Fiqi *Reer Jibriil Fiqi *Reer Dhore Fiqi *Reer Xaaji Cabdiraxmaan (Luuje) *Reer Faatax *Reer Bulaale *Reer Garaad === [[Shurbul Baad]] === * Talays ** Reer Faarax ** Reer Geedi ** Reer Cali ** Reer Cabdile Rooble * Iidfure ** Reer Cabdi ** Reer Xuseen ** Reer Alaale ** Reer Makaail === Buraale (Sanbure) === Waxaa ka mid ah: * Faarax Samatar * Xasan Faarax * Cabdille Faarax * Xaaji Faarax * Maxamuud Faarax === Asal iyo deegaan === Sixawle waxaa asal ahaan degaan dhulka somali galbeed bariga [[Itoobiya]], iyadoo sidoo kale laga helo qaybo ka mid ah koonfurta [[Soomaaliya]] gaar ahaan jubada dhexe.<ref>{{cite book |last=Lewis |first=I. M. |title=A Pastoral Democracy |year=1994 |publisher=Oxford University Press}}</ref> Deegaannada lagu tilmaamo inay deegaan ku yihiin waxaa ka mid ah: [[File:Magalada dhandhame 20260421 161316 karanle.jpg|thumb|waa D/dhandhame ee Deegaanka somalida kililka shanaad sawir hore]] * Imi (Iimey) * Babille Baabili * Fafi Faafi * Dhan Dhame (Dhan-dhame) * Afder Zone|Afdheer Iyo waliba deegaano badan beeshu waa beel dhib badan madax adag Dagaal badan deegaanada ay degan yihiin dadka ladagan iskaba daaye Iyagaa mararka qaar birta iska asla {{Location map Ethiopia | width = 300 | float = right | label = Deegaannada Sixawle | lat = 5.0 | long = 42.5 | position = right | caption = Meelaha ugu waaweyn ee ay degaan Sixawle ee Deegaanka Soomaalida Itoobiya }} ==Dhaqan iyo dhaqaale== Dhaqanka Beesha Sixawle wuxuu inta badan ku salaysan yahay xoolo-dhaqasho iyo beerasho, iyadoo dhaqaalaha ay umada somali kutiirsan tahay lagu tilmaamo xoolaha nuucyadiisa sida geel, lo’, iyo ari/iwm oo ay kamid yihiin fardaha.<ref>{{cite report |title=Somalia Human Development Report |year=2001 |publisher=UNDP}}</ref> ==Nidaamka dhaqanka== Sida beelaha kale ee Soomaaliyeed, Sixawle waxay leeyihiin nidaam dhaqameed ku dhisan waxa layiraah: * Xeer Soomaali oo magta lagu kala qaato geel ama lo' * wexey leeyihin sidokale Hoggaan dhaqameed sida ugaasyo, garaadyo, iyo nabadoonno Waxaa kamid Ahaa xasan oo maanta Ah juffo layiraah * Reer xasan Kana mid ah curadka beesha Sixawle ee [[WARGUBE]] Sikooban xasan wuxuu Ahaa oday dhaqameed GAR uunan Asiga gooyin ama uu goob joog ka Ahayn cidna ku heshiin jirin kadib xasan waxaa lawreegay Aden kadibna ==[[Sheikh Nuur macalin Aden]]== Kumuu Ahaa jannadii firdowsa Alle hageeyee [[Sheikh Nuur Macalin Aden]](2007 ilaa 2012) wuxuu ahaa gudoomiyihii hore ee maxakamada D/wardhiigley Dowladii [[TFG]] ee [[Cabdullaahi Yuusuf]] iyo waliba [[shariif Axmed]] Garsoore yaashii ugu waqtiga dheeraa kadib burburkii dowladii dhexe ee [[somaliya]] (sanadii 1994tii kasoo shaqeeyay kana mid Ahaa Garsoore yaashii lagu Aasaasay Maxkamadii D/wardhigley ee la oranjiray [[Xararyaale]] [[Warta Nabada]] (2012 ilaa 2019)kii Garsoore yaashii maxkamada gobolka [[Banaadir]] (2001dii) Garsoore yaashii maxkamadii racfaanka ee dowladii kumeel gaarka ahayd ee Madaxweyne [[Cabdiqaasim Salaad]] iyo waliba (2006dii) xiligii Maxaakiimta ee muqdisho oo uu katirsanaa maxkamadihii racfaanka Ee maxaakiimtii Islamiga Shakhsi siweyn ugu soo Adeegay [[Garsoorka Soomaaliya]] Sheikh nuur macalin Aden wuxuu Ahaa sidokale Nin dhaqameed codkar Ah qabweyn garta marka uu kujirana dadka deeqsiiya Hadalkiisa dhinaca kale tolkiisa Ukhidmeya garta uqaada oo garta uu ukala qaado tolkiisa Eyan dib ugu soo noqon jirin Alle ha unaxariisto wuxuu Ahaa sheikh iyo oday dhaqameed Aad ay ujeclaayeen intii ay isla soo shaqeeyeen Iyo somalidii uu garta usoo kala dhigay wuxuu ku dadaali jiray sulux iyo heshiis in lagu dhameeyo xaalka dadkuna ay laqaadan jireen == Taariikh == === Xilligii hore === Ka hor gumeysiga, bulshada Soomaaliyeed waxay galeen dagaallo ku saabsan dhul, ceelal biyo, iyo xoolo, kuwaas oo badanaa lagu xallin jiray xeer dhaqameed aad u adag suutagalna kadhigi jiray meel lagu hoogay in ay ubadalaan nabad iyo caano.<ref>{{cite book |last=Lewis |first=I. M. |title=A Pastoral Democracy |year=1994}}</ref> === Xilligii gumeysiga === [[Qarnigii 19aad]] iyo 20aad, isbeddelada gumeysiga ayaa saameeyay noloshii reer guuraaga ee Geeska Afrika.waxaa isbadalay dhaqankii guurkii dharkii laga soo bilaabo min herer ilaa raaska ugu dabeeya ee kugu shubeysa bad weynta hindiya ee muqdisho isla markiiba waxaa la arkay umad magaalowday meelkastaa oo ay somali degto waxaa fududaaday isu socodka dadka Iyo war maqalkoodu intuba === Dagaalkii Ogaadeen Ama somali Abow === Dagaalkii u dhexeeyay Soomaaliya iyo Itoobiya (1977–1978) ayaa saameeyay deegaanada gobolka, waxaana ka dhashay barakac iyo khasaare dhaqaale meelaha uu sida weyn uga dhacay dagaalkaasi waxaa kamid ah jinicsani oo ah halka ugu dabeesa ee Afsomali lagaga hadlo sidaas daraadeedna dagaalkaas ku naaneesmay somali Abow markii dambana kaba aasaasantay jabhadii ugu horeysay ee kililka shanad magaceeduna ahaa jabhadii somali Abow.<ref>{{cite book |last=Tareke |first=Gebru |title=The Ethiopian Revolution: War in the Horn of Africa |year=2009 |publisher=Yale University Press}}</ref> === Dagaalladii sokeeye === Kadib burburkii dowladdii dhexe ee Soomaaliya 1991, waxaa dhacay isku dhacyo gudaha ah iyo loolan ku saabsan dhul iyo maamul bulshooyinkii ku abtirsanaayay reerkaanna dhankii koofureed uga baxeen itoobiya iyo kenya.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Besteman |first1=Catherine |last2=Cassanelli |first2=Lee V. |title=The Struggle for Land in Southern Somalia |year=2000 |publisher=Westview Press}}</ref> == Xaaladda casriga ah == Maanta, bulshadaan waxay ku nool yihiin magaalooyin iyo baadiyo, waxayna ka qayb qaataan ganacsi, waxbarasho, iyo arrimaha bulshada. == Eeg sidoo kale == * [[Karanle]] — [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karanle English] * [[Hawiye]] * [[Dadka Soomaaliyeed]] * [[Hawiye]] — [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawiye English] * [[Dadka Soomaaliyeed]] — [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somalis English] == Tixraacyo == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Hawiye]] [[Category:Dir]] [[Category:Daarood]] [[Category:Rahanweyn]] e510mdwtwjd27oabpgxwyl3tlzhst32 297113 297112 2026-05-10T20:01:49Z Cabdi1991 45021 Sixawle karanle waa qabiil somaliyeed 297113 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox ethnic group | group = Sixawle Karanle <br>سيحولي كرانلي | native_name = بنو كرانلي | image = [[File:Calanka karanle.jpg|thumb|center|Calanka Karanle]] | population = | region1 = {{flag|Somalia}} | region2 = {{flag|Ethiopia}} | region3 = {{flag|Kenya}} | languages = * {{nowrap|{{flagicon|Somalia}}Af-soomaali}} *{{nowrap|{{flagicon|Arab League}} Af-carabi}} | religions = Sunni Islam | related_groups = [[baad buraale]] [[murursade]] [[hawiye]] }} '''Sixawle''' ({{lang-ar|بنو سيحولي}}; {{lang-en|Sixawle}}) waa qabiil ka tirsan beesha '''[[Karanle]]''', oo iyaduna hoos timaada beel-weynta '''[[Hawiye]]''', mid ka mid ah lafaha ugu waaweyn ee bulshada [[Dadka Soomaaliyeed]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Lewis |first=I. M. |title=A Modern History of the Somali: Nation and State in the Horn of Africa |year=2002 |publisher=Ohio University Press}}</ref> == Dulmar == Sixawle waxaa lagu tiriyaa qabiilada Karanle, iyadoo xogta ku saabsan qaab-dhismeedkooda badanaa ku saleysan yahay dhaqanka iyo afka (oral tradition. == Qaab-dhismeedka == Sidaan kasoo xigtay dhaqanka beesha, Sixawle waxay u kala baxaan: * '''[[Baad]]''' * '''Buraale (Sanbure)''' Jufada Baad waxaa lagu tilmaamaa mid ballaaran oo leh jilibyo badan, oo ay ka mid yihiin: * Ciye Baad * Shurbul Baad === [[Ciye Baad ]]=== Waxaa ka mid ah jufooyin sida: === [[Wargube]] === *Reer cabdi *Reer cade boore *Reer Qaadi *Reer xasan *faracyo kale === Reer Roon === **Reer Fiqi muuse ***Reer Hiraab Fiqi ***Reer Yaxye Fiqi **Reer Garaad (Caamir) **Reer Sharmaake **Reer Dhuubane ***Reer Xaabow Fiqi **Reer Aw Nuur ***Reer Xuseen Fiqi * Reer Maxamuud Fiqi *Reer Jibriil Fiqi *Reer Dhore Fiqi *Reer Xaaji Cabdiraxmaan (Luuje) *Reer Faatax *Reer Bulaale *Reer Garaad === [[Shurbul Baad]] === * Talays ** Reer Faarax ** Reer Geedi ** Reer Cali ** Reer Cabdile Rooble * Iidfure ** Reer Cabdi ** Reer Xuseen ** Reer Alaale ** Reer Makaail === Buraale (Sanbure) === Waxaa ka mid ah: * Faarax Samatar * Xasan Faarax * Cabdille Faarax * Xaaji Faarax * Maxamuud Faarax === Asal iyo deegaan === Sixawle waxaa asal ahaan degaan dhulka somali galbeed bariga [[Itoobiya]], iyadoo sidoo kale laga helo qaybo ka mid ah koonfurta [[Soomaaliya]] gaar ahaan jubada dhexe.<ref>{{cite book |last=Lewis |first=I. M. |title=A Pastoral Democracy |year=1994 |publisher=Oxford University Press}}</ref> Deegaannada lagu tilmaamo inay deegaan ku yihiin waxaa ka mid ah: [[File:Magalada dhandhame 20260421 161316 karanle.jpg|thumb|waa D/dhandhame ee Deegaanka somalida kililka shanaad sawir hore]] * Imi (Iimey) * Babille Baabili * Fafi Faafi * Dhan Dhame (Dhan-dhame) * Afder Zone|Afdheer Iyo waliba deegaano badan beeshu waa beel dhib badan madax adag Dagaal badan deegaanada ay degan yihiin dadka ladagan iskaba daaye Iyagaa mararka qaar birta iska asla {{Location map Ethiopia | width = 300 | float = right | label = Deegaannada Sixawle | lat = 5.0 | long = 42.5 | position = right | caption = Meelaha ugu waaweyn ee ay degaan Sixawle ee Deegaanka Soomaalida Itoobiya }} ==Dhaqan iyo dhaqaale== Dhaqanka Beesha Sixawle wuxuu inta badan ku salaysan yahay xoolo-dhaqasho iyo beerasho, iyadoo dhaqaalaha ay umada somali kutiirsan tahay lagu tilmaamo xoolaha nuucyadiisa sida geel, lo’, iyo ari/iwm oo ay kamid yihiin fardaha.<ref>{{cite report |title=Somalia Human Development Report |year=2001 |publisher=UNDP}}</ref> ==Nidaamka dhaqanka== Sida beelaha kale ee Soomaaliyeed, Sixawle waxay leeyihiin nidaam dhaqameed ku dhisan waxa layiraah: * Xeer Soomaali oo magta lagu kala qaato geel ama lo' * wexey leeyihin sidokale Hoggaan dhaqameed sida ugaasyo, garaadyo, iyo nabadoonno Waxaa kamid Ahaa xasan oo maanta Ah juffo layiraah * Reer xasan Kana mid ah curadka beesha Sixawle ee [[WARGUBE]] Sikooban xasan wuxuu Ahaa oday dhaqameed GAR uunan Asiga gooyin ama uu goob joog ka Ahayn cidna ku heshiin jirin kadib xasan waxaa lawreegay Aden kadibna ==[[Sheikh Nuur macalin Aden]]== Kumuu Ahaa jannadii firdowsa Alle hageeyee [[Sheikh Nuur Macalin Aden]](2007 ilaa 2012) wuxuu ahaa gudoomiyihii hore ee maxakamada D/wardhiigley Dowladii [[TFG]] ee [[Cabdullaahi Yuusuf]] iyo waliba [[shariif Axmed]] Garsoore yaashii ugu waqtiga dheeraa kadib burburkii dowladii dhexe ee [[somaliya]] (sanadii 1994tii kasoo shaqeeyay kana mid Ahaa Garsoore yaashii lagu Aasaasay Maxkamadii D/wardhigley ee la oranjiray [[Xararyaale]] [[Warta Nabada]] (2012 ilaa 2019)kii Garsoore yaashii maxkamada gobolka [[Banaadir]] (2001dii) Garsoore yaashii maxkamadii racfaanka ee dowladii kumeel gaarka ahayd ee Madaxweyne [[Cabdiqaasim Salaad]] iyo waliba (2006dii) xiligii Maxaakiimta ee muqdisho oo uu katirsanaa maxkamadihii racfaanka Ee maxaakiimtii Islamiga Shakhsi siweyn ugu soo Adeegay [[Garsoorka Soomaaliya]] Sheikh nuur macalin Aden wuxuu Ahaa sidokale Nin dhaqameed codkar Ah qabweyn garta marka uu kujirana dadka deeqsiiya Hadalkiisa dhinaca kale tolkiisa Ukhidmeya garta uqaada oo garta uu ukala qaado tolkiisa Eyan dib ugu soo noqon jirin Alle ha unaxariisto wuxuu Ahaa sheikh iyo oday dhaqameed Aad ay ujeclaayeen intii ay isla soo shaqeeyeen Iyo somalidii uu garta usoo kala dhigay wuxuu ku dadaali jiray sulux iyo heshiis in lagu dhameeyo xaalka dadkuna ay laqaadan jireen == Taariikh == === Xilligii hore === Ka hor gumeysiga, bulshada Soomaaliyeed waxay galeen dagaallo ku saabsan dhul, ceelal biyo, iyo xoolo, kuwaas oo badanaa lagu xallin jiray xeer dhaqameed aad u adag suutagalna kadhigi jiray meel lagu hoogay in ay ubadalaan nabad iyo caano.<ref>{{cite book |last=Lewis |first=I. M. |title=A Pastoral Democracy |year=1994}}</ref> === Xilligii gumeysiga === [[Qarnigii 19aad]] iyo 20aad, isbeddelada gumeysiga ayaa saameeyay noloshii reer guuraaga ee Geeska Afrika.waxaa isbadalay dhaqankii guurkii dharkii laga soo bilaabo min herer ilaa raaska ugu dabeeya ee kugu shubeysa bad weynta hindiya ee muqdisho isla markiiba waxaa la arkay umad magaalowday meelkastaa oo ay somali degto waxaa fududaaday isu socodka dadka Iyo war maqalkoodu intuba === Dagaalkii Ogaadeen Ama somali Abow === Dagaalkii u dhexeeyay Soomaaliya iyo Itoobiya (1977–1978) ayaa saameeyay deegaanada gobolka, waxaana ka dhashay barakac iyo khasaare dhaqaale meelaha uu sida weyn uga dhacay dagaalkaasi waxaa kamid ah jinicsani oo ah halka ugu dabeesa ee Afsomali lagaga hadlo sidaas daraadeedna dagaalkaas ku naaneesmay somali Abow markii dambana kaba aasaasantay jabhadii ugu horeysay ee kililka shanad magaceeduna ahaa jabhadii somali Abow.<ref>{{cite book |last=Tareke |first=Gebru |title=The Ethiopian Revolution: War in the Horn of Africa |year=2009 |publisher=Yale University Press}}</ref> === Dagaalladii sokeeye === Kadib burburkii dowladdii dhexe ee Soomaaliya 1991, waxaa dhacay isku dhacyo gudaha ah iyo loolan ku saabsan dhul iyo maamul bulshooyinkii ku abtirsanaayay reerkaanna dhankii koofureed uga baxeen itoobiya iyo kenya.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Besteman |first1=Catherine |last2=Cassanelli |first2=Lee V. |title=The Struggle for Land in Southern Somalia |year=2000 |publisher=Westview Press}}</ref> == Xaaladda casriga ah == Maanta, bulshadaan waxay ku nool yihiin magaalooyin iyo baadiyo, waxayna ka qayb qaataan ganacsi, waxbarasho, iyo arrimaha bulshada. == Eeg sidoo kale == * [[Karanle]] — [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karanle English] * [[Hawiye]] * [[Dadka Soomaaliyeed]] * [[Hawiye]] — [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawiye English] * [[Dadka Soomaaliyeed]] — [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somalis English] == Tixraacyo == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Hawiye]] [[Category:Dir]] [[Category:Daarood]] [[Category:Rahanweyn]] obob0jcb8swbca5kh2qp1avk0sjatka 0 47458 297108 297106 2026-05-10T19:27:19Z Cabdi1991 45021 Sheikh nuur macalin Aden 297108 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Macluumaad Qof Madax Ah | name = Sheikh NuurMacalin Aden <br />شيخ نور معلم آدم | image = Sheikh Nuur.jpg | image_size = 250px | birth_date = 03 March 1954 | birth_place = jubbda dhexe Soomaaliya | office = [[Guddomiye]] maxakamadda [[Warta Nabada]] <br /> | term_start = 2007 | term_end = 2012 | primeminister = | predecessor = | successor = | office2 = Guddoomiye Maxakamadda Degmada kaaraan [[Muqdisho]] | term_start2 = | term_end2 = | primeminister2 = | predecessor2 = | successor2 = [[?]] | office3 = | term_start3 = | term_end3 = | primeminister3 = | predecessor3 = | successor3 = | residence = Muqdisho, Soomaaliya | alma_mater = Xamar University | profession = Garsoor iyo Shareeco | language = Af-Soomaali, Carabi | office4 = Garsoore Maxkamada gobolka banaadir ka shaqeeyey balse ku shaqeeyey saldhiga Wartanabadda | term_start4= | term_end4 = }} '''Sheikh Nuur Macalin Aden''' ([[Af Ingiriis]]: ''Sheikh Nor Moalim Adam''; [[Af Carabi]]: ''الشيخ نور معلم آدم'') wuxuu ahaa sheikh iyo xaakim ka soo shaqeeyay Muqdisho, gobolka Banaadir. == Taariikh nololeedkiisa == == Sikooban == Sheikh Nuur Macalin Aden wuxuu ku dhashay gobolka Jubbada Dhexe horaantii sanadihii kontomaadkii. Wuxuuna ku Xijaabtay magalada muqdisho asigoo kuguda jira caawinta umadda somaaliyeed ee ladhiban fahanka sharciga [[Garsoorka Soomaaliya]] Wuxuu waxbarashadiisii ku soo qaatay diini iyo maadi labadaba, gaar ahaan gobollada Bay, Jubbooyinka dhamaystir keediina jaamacadii Xamar [[Muqdisho]]. [[File:Sheikh Nuuuur.jpg|thumb|Sheikh Nuur macalin Aden <br>alle ha,unaxariisto <br>إنا لله وإنا اليه راجعون لله ما أخذ وله ما أعطى وكل شيءٍ عنده بأجلٍ مسمى ]] == Shakhsiyaddiisa == Sheikh Nuur wuxuu ahaa qof aad u deggan, kalsooni badan, iimaan leh, isla markaana Alle ka cabsi badan. Wuxuu aad ugu sarreeyay cilmiga diinta, gaar ahaan fiqiga. == Shaqadii uu u soo qabtay ummadda Soomaaliyeed == Alle ha u naxariisto, Sheikh Nuur Macalin Aden (2007–2012) wuxuu ahaa guddoomiyaha maxkamadda Degmada Wardhiigley.markale Xil Ah qabtay Guddomiye maxakamadda Degmada kaaraan,ku shaqeeyay Garsoore Maxkamada gobolka banaadir balse ku shaqeeyey saldhiga Wartanabadda. Wuxuu soo shaqeeyay xilligii dowladdii TFG laguna magacaabay digreto madaxweyne[[Abdullahi Yusuf Ahmed]] iyo dowladii [[Shariif Axmed]]. Wuxuu ka mid ahaa garsoorayaashii ugu waqtiga dheeraa kadib burburkii dowladdii dhexe ee [[Somalia]]. Sanadkii 1994 ayuu ka mid ahaa garsoorayaashii lagu aasaasay maxkamaddii Degmada Wardhiigley ee loo yaqaanay Xararyaale [[Warta Nabada]]. Intii u dhaxeysay 2012 ilaa 2019, wuxuu ka mid ahaa garsoorayaasha maxkamadda gobolka [[Banaadir]]. Sanadkii 2001, wuxuu ka mid ahaa garsoorayaashii maxkamadda racfaanka ee dowladdii kumeel gaarka ahayd ee uu madaxweynaha ka ahaa [[Cabdiqaasim Salaad ]]. Sidoo kale sanadkii 2006, xilligii Maxaakiimta Islaamiga ee Muqdisho, wuxuu ka tirsanaa maxkamadaha racfaanka ee maxaakiimta Islaamiga. Sheikh Nuur wuxuu ahaa shaqsi si weyn ugu soo adeegay [[Garsoorka Soomaaliya]]. == Dhaqanka iyo doorkiisa bulshada == Sheikh Nuur Macalin Aden wuxuu sidoo kale ahaa nin dhaqameed codkar ah, qab weyn, isla markaana dadka garta u kala qaada. Marka uu garta dhex galo, wuxuu ahaa qof deeqsi ah oo hadalkiisa lagu kalsoonaan jiray. Wuxuu dhinaca kale si gaar ah ugu adeegayay tolkiisa, gartana ugu kala qaadi jiray si caddaalad ah, iyadoo aan dib loogu soo noqon jirin go’aannadiisa Wanaagsan darteed maadaama Awoowayaashiis Xukmiin jireen Reerka loogana danbayn jiray go'aanka ugu danbeeya ee Garta. Wuxuu ku dadaali jiray in xaalka laqaboojiyo laguna dhammeeyo sulux iyo heshiis, taasoo dadka ay aad ugu qadarin jireen. Alle ha u naxariisto, wuxuu ahaa sheikh, garsoore iyo oday dhaqameed ay jeclaayeen dadkii uu la shaqeeyay iyo guud ahaan bulshada Soomaaliyeed ee taqaanay. == Tixraacyo == {{Reflist}} 71u80ruq8t436jbvtdcjuyii6en4bkj 297109 297108 2026-05-10T19:35:45Z Cabdi1991 45021 Sheikh nuur macalin Aden 297109 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Macluumaad Qof Madax Ah | name = Sheikh NuurMacalin Aden <br />شيخ نور معلم آدم | image = Sheikh Nuur.jpg | image_size = 250px | birth_date = 03 March 1954 | birth_place = jubbda dhexe Soomaaliya | office = [[Guddomiye]] maxakamadda [[Warta Nabada]] <br /> | term_start = 2007 | term_end = 2012 | primeminister = | predecessor = | successor = | office2 = Guddoomiye Maxakamadda Degmada kaaraan [[Muqdisho]] | term_start2 = | term_end2 = | primeminister2 = | predecessor2 = | successor2 = [[?]] | office3 = | term_start3 = | term_end3 = | primeminister3 = | predecessor3 = | successor3 = | residence = Muqdisho, Soomaaliya | alma_mater = Xamar University | profession = Garsoor iyo Shareeco | office4 = Garsoore Maxkamada gobolka banaadir ka shaqeeyey balse ku shaqeeyey saldhiga Wartanabadda | term_start4= | term_end4 = }} '''Sheikh Nuur Macalin Aden''' ([[Af Ingiriis]]: ''Sheikh Nor Moalim Adam''; [[Af Carabi]]: ''الشيخ نور معلم آدم'') wuxuu ahaa sheikh iyo xaakim ka soo shaqeeyay Muqdisho, gobolka Banaadir. == Taariikh nololeedkiisa == == Sikooban == Sheikh Nuur Macalin Aden wuxuu ku dhashay gobolka Jubbada Dhexe horaantii sanadihii kontomaadkii. Wuxuuna ku Xijaabtay magalada muqdisho asigoo kuguda jira caawinta umadda somaaliyeed ee ladhiban fahanka sharciga [[Garsoorka Soomaaliya]] Wuxuu waxbarashadiisii ku soo qaatay diini iyo maadi labadaba, gaar ahaan gobollada Bay, Jubbooyinka dhamaystir keediina jaamacadii Xamar [[Muqdisho]]. [[File:Sheikh Nuuuur.jpg|thumb|Sheikh Nuur macalin Aden <br>alle ha,unaxariisto <br>إنا لله وإنا اليه راجعون لله ما أخذ وله ما أعطى وكل شيءٍ عنده بأجلٍ مسمى ]] == Shakhsiyaddiisa == Sheikh Nuur wuxuu ahaa qof aad u deggan, kalsooni badan, iimaan leh, isla markaana Alle ka cabsi badan. Wuxuu aad ugu sarreeyay cilmiga diinta, gaar ahaan fiqiga. == Shaqadii uu u soo qabtay ummadda Soomaaliyeed == Alle ha u naxariisto, Sheikh Nuur Macalin Aden (2007–2012) wuxuu ahaa guddoomiyaha maxkamadda Degmada Wardhiigley.markale Xil Ah qabtay Guddomiye maxakamadda Degmada kaaraan,ku shaqeeyay Garsoore Maxkamada gobolka banaadir balse ku shaqeeyey saldhiga Wartanabadda. Wuxuu soo shaqeeyay xilligii dowladdii TFG laguna magacaabay digreto madaxweyne[[Abdullahi Yusuf Ahmed]] iyo dowladii [[Shariif Axmed]]. Wuxuu ka mid ahaa garsoorayaashii ugu waqtiga dheeraa kadib burburkii dowladdii dhexe ee [[Somalia]]. Sanadkii 1994 ayuu ka mid ahaa garsoorayaashii lagu aasaasay maxkamaddii Degmada Wardhiigley ee loo yaqaanay Xararyaale [[Warta Nabada]]. Intii u dhaxeysay 2012 ilaa 2019, wuxuu ka mid ahaa garsoorayaasha maxkamadda gobolka [[Banaadir]]. Sanadkii 2001, wuxuu ka mid ahaa garsoorayaashii maxkamadda racfaanka ee dowladdii kumeel gaarka ahayd ee uu madaxweynaha ka ahaa [[Cabdiqaasim Salaad ]]. Sidoo kale sanadkii 2006, xilligii Maxaakiimta Islaamiga ee Muqdisho, wuxuu ka tirsanaa maxkamadaha racfaanka ee maxaakiimta Islaamiga. Sheikh Nuur wuxuu ahaa shaqsi si weyn ugu soo adeegay [[Garsoorka Soomaaliya]]. == Dhaqanka iyo doorkiisa bulshada == Sheikh Nuur Macalin Aden wuxuu sidoo kale ahaa nin dhaqameed codkar ah, qab weyn, isla markaana dadka garta u kala qaada. Marka uu garta dhex galo, wuxuu ahaa qof deeqsi ah oo hadalkiisa lagu kalsoonaan jiray. Wuxuu dhinaca kale si gaar ah ugu adeegayay tolkiisa, gartana ugu kala qaadi jiray si caddaalad ah, iyadoo aan dib loogu soo noqon jirin go’aannadiisa Wanaagsan darteed maadaama Awoowayaashiis Xukmiin jireen Reerka loogana danbayn jiray go'aanka ugu danbeeya ee Garta. Wuxuu ku dadaali jiray in xaalka laqaboojiyo laguna dhammeeyo sulux iyo heshiis, taasoo dadka ay aad ugu qadarin jireen. Alle ha u naxariisto, wuxuu ahaa sheikh, garsoore iyo oday dhaqameed ay jeclaayeen dadkii uu la shaqeeyay iyo guud ahaan bulshada Soomaaliyeed ee taqaanay. == Tixraacyo == {{Reflist}} ir35p7h0uq8t077e169ubd6m3toy2ei 297110 297109 2026-05-10T19:42:26Z Cabdi1991 45021 Sheikh nuur macalin Aden 297110 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Macluumaad Qof Madax Ah | name = Sheikh NuurMacalin Aden <br />شيخ نور معلم آدم | image = Sheikh Nuur.jpg | image_size = 250px | birth_date = 03 March 1954 | birth_place = jubbda dhexe Soomaaliya | office = [[Guddomiye]] maxakamadda [[Warta Nabada]] <br /> | term_start = 2007 | term_end = 2012 | primeminister = | predecessor = | successor = | office2 = Guddoomiye Maxakamadda Degmada kaaraan [[Muqdisho]] | term_start2 = | term_end2 = | primeminister2 = | predecessor2 = | successor2 = [[?]] | office3 = | term_start3 = | term_end3 = | primeminister3 = | predecessor3 = | successor3 = | residence = Muqdisho, Soomaaliya | alma_mater = Xamar University | profession = Garsoor iyo Shareeco | office4 = Garsoore Maxkamada gobolka banaadir ka shaqeeyey balse ku shaqeeyey saldhiga Wartanabadda | term_start4= | term_end4 = }} '''Sheikh Nuur Macalin Aden''' ([[Af Ingiriis]]: ''Sheikh Nor Moalim Adam''; [[Af Carabi]]: ''الشيخ نور معلم آدم'') wuxuu ahaa sheikh iyo xaakim ka soo shaqeeyay Muqdisho, gobolka Banaadir. == Taariikh nololeedkiisa == == Sikooban == Sheikh Nuur Macalin Aden wuxuu ku dhashay gobolka Jubbada Dhexe horaantii sanadihii kontomaadkii. Wuxuuna ku Xijaabtay magalada muqdisho asigoo kuguda jira caawinta umadda somaaliyeed ee ladhiban fahanka sharciga [[Garsoorka Soomaaliya]] Wuxuu waxbarashadiisii ku soo qaatay diini iyo maadi labadaba, gaar ahaan gobollada Bay, Jubbooyinka dhamaystir keediina jaamacadii Xamar [[Muqdisho]]. [[File:Sheikh Nuuuur.jpg|thumb|Sheikh Nuur macalin Aden <br>alle ha,unaxariisto <br>إنا لله وإنا اليه راجعون لله ما أخذ وله ما أعطى وكل شيءٍ عنده بأجلٍ مسمى ]] == Shakhsiyaddiisa == Sheikh Nuur wuxuu ahaa qof aad u deggan, kalsooni badan, iimaan leh, isla markaana Alle ka cabsi badan. Wuxuu aad ugu sarreeyay cilmiga diinta, gaar ahaan fiqiga. == Shaqadii uu u soo qabtay ummadda Soomaaliyeed == Alle ha u naxariisto, Sheikh Nuur Macalin Aden (2007–2012) wuxuu ahaa guddoomiyaha maxkamadda Degmada Wardhiigley.markale Xil Ah qabtay Guddomiye maxakamadda Degmada kaaraan,ku shaqeeyay Garsoore Maxkamada gobolka banaadir balse ku shaqeeyey saldhiga Wartanabadda. Wuxuu soo shaqeeyay xilligii dowladdii TFG laguna magacaabay digreto madaxweyne[[Abdullahi Yusuf Ahmed]] iyo dowladii [[Shariif Axmed]]. Wuxuu ka mid ahaa garsoorayaashii ugu waqtiga dheeraa kadib burburkii dowladdii dhexe ee [[Somalia]]. Sanadkii 1994 ayuu ka mid ahaa garsoorayaashii lagu aasaasay maxkamaddii Degmada Wardhiigley ee loo yaqaanay Xararyaale [[Warta Nabada]]. Intii u dhaxeysay 2012 ilaa 2019, wuxuu ka mid ahaa garsoorayaasha maxkamadda gobolka [[Banaadir]].ilaa 2025 December Garsoore saldhiga Warta nabada maxkamadda Gobolka Sanadkii 2001, wuxuu ka mid ahaa garsoorayaashii maxkamadda racfaanka ee dowladdii kumeel gaarka ahayd ee uu madaxweynaha ka ahaa [[Cabdiqaasim Salaad ]]. Sidoo kale sanadkii 2006, xilligii Maxaakiimta Islaamiga ee Muqdisho, wuxuu ka tirsanaa maxkamadaha racfaanka ee maxaakiimta Islaamiga. Sheikh Nuur wuxuu ahaa shaqsi si weyn ugu soo adeegay [[Garsoorka Soomaaliya]]. == Dhaqanka iyo doorkiisa bulshada == Sheikh Nuur Macalin Aden wuxuu sidoo kale ahaa nin dhaqameed codkar ah, qab weyn, isla markaana dadka garta u kala qaada. Marka uu garta dhex galo, wuxuu ahaa qof deeqsi ah oo hadalkiisa lagu kalsoonaan jiray. Wuxuu dhinaca kale si gaar ah ugu adeegayay tolkiisa, gartana ugu kala qaadi jiray si caddaalad ah, iyadoo aan dib loogu soo noqon jirin go’aannadiisa Wanaagsan darteed maadaama Awoowayaashiis Xukmiin jireen Reerka loogana danbayn jiray go'aanka ugu danbeeya ee Garta. Wuxuu ku dadaali jiray in xaalka laqaboojiyo laguna dhammeeyo sulux iyo heshiis, taasoo dadka ay aad ugu qadarin jireen. Alle ha u naxariisto, wuxuu ahaa sheikh, garsoore iyo oday dhaqameed ay jeclaayeen dadkii uu la shaqeeyay iyo guud ahaan bulshada Soomaaliyeed ee taqaanay. == Tixraacyo == {{Reflist}} 4ji0dva6sh0z102m4d6p7odch32jv23 297133 297110 2026-05-11T06:01:47Z Cabdi1991 45021 Sheikh nuur macalin Aden 297133 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Macluumaad Qof Madax Ah | name = Sheikh NuurMacalin Aden <br />شيخ نور معلم آدم | image = Sheikh Nuur.jpg | image_size = 250px | birth_date = 03 March 1954 | birth_place = jubbda dhexe Soomaaliya | office = maxakamadda [[Warta Nabada]] <br /> | term_start = 2007 | term_end = 2010 | primeminister = | predecessor = | successor = | office2 = Maxakamadda Degmada kaaraan [[Muqdisho]] | term_start2 = 2000 | term_end2 = 2004 | primeminister2 = | predecessor2 = | successor2 = [[?]] | office3 = | term_start3 = | term_end3 = | primeminister3 = | predecessor3 = | successor3 = | residence = Muqdisho, Soomaaliya | alma_mater = Xamar University | profession = Garsoor iyo Shareeco | office4 = Garsoore Maxkamada gobolka banaadir ka shaqeeyey balse ku shaqeeyey saldhiga Wartanabadda | term_start4= | term_end4 = }} '''Sheikh Nuur Macalin Aden''' ([[Af Ingiriis]]: ''Sheikh Nor Moalim Adam''; [[Af Carabi]]: ''الشيخ نور معلم آدم'') wuxuu ahaa sheikh iyo xaakim ka soo shaqeeyay Muqdisho, gobolka Banaadir. == Taariikh nololeedkiisa == == Sikooban == Sheikh Nuur Macalin Aden wuxuu ku dhashay gobolka Jubbada Dhexe horaantii sanadihii kontomaadkii. Wuxuuna ku Xijaabtay magalada muqdisho asigoo kuguda jira caawinta umadda somaaliyeed ee ladhiban fahanka sharciga [[Garsoorka Soomaaliya]] Wuxuu waxbarashadiisii ku soo qaatay diini iyo maadi labadaba, gaar ahaan gobollada Bay, Jubbooyinka dhamaystir keediina jaamacadii Xamar [[Muqdisho]]. [[File:Sheikh Nuuuur.jpg|thumb|Sheikh Nuur macalin Aden <br>alle ha,unaxariisto <br>إنا لله وإنا اليه راجعون لله ما أخذ وله ما أعطى وكل شيءٍ عنده بأجلٍ مسمى ]] == Shakhsiyaddiisa == Sheikh Nuur wuxuu ahaa qof aad u deggan, kalsooni badan, iimaan leh, isla markaana Alle ka cabsi badan. Wuxuu aad ugu sarreeyay cilmiga diinta, gaar ahaan fiqiga. == Shaqadii uu u soo qabtay ummadda Soomaaliyeed == Alle ha u naxariisto, Sheikh Nuur Macalin Aden (2007–2012) wuxuu ahaa guddoomiyaha maxkamadda Degmada Wardhiigley.markale Xil Ah qabtay Guddomiye maxakamadda Degmada kaaraan,ku shaqeeyay Garsoore Maxkamada gobolka banaadir balse ku shaqeeyey saldhiga Wartanabadda. Wuxuu soo shaqeeyay xilligii dowladdii TFG laguna magacaabay digreto madaxweyne[[Abdullahi Yusuf Ahmed]] iyo dowladii [[Shariif Axmed]]. Wuxuu ka mid ahaa garsoorayaashii ugu waqtiga dheeraa kadib burburkii dowladdii dhexe ee [[Somalia]]. Sanadkii 1994 ayuu ka mid ahaa garsoorayaashii lagu aasaasay maxkamaddii Degmada Wardhiigley ee loo yaqaanay Xararyaale [[Warta Nabada]]. Intii u dhaxeysay 2012 ilaa 2019, wuxuu ka mid ahaa garsoorayaasha maxkamadda gobolka [[Banaadir]].ilaa 2025 December Garsoore saldhiga Warta nabada maxkamadda Gobolka Sanadkii 2001, wuxuu ka mid ahaa garsoorayaashii maxkamadda racfaanka ee dowladdii kumeel gaarka ahayd ee uu madaxweynaha ka ahaa [[Cabdiqaasim Salaad ]]. Sidoo kale sanadkii 2006, xilligii Maxaakiimta Islaamiga ee Muqdisho, wuxuu ka tirsanaa maxkamadaha racfaanka ee maxaakiimta Islaamiga. Sheikh Nuur wuxuu ahaa shaqsi si weyn ugu soo adeegay [[Garsoorka Soomaaliya]]. == Dhaqanka iyo doorkiisa bulshada == Sheikh Nuur Macalin Aden wuxuu sidoo kale ahaa nin dhaqameed codkar ah, qab weyn, isla markaana dadka garta u kala qaada. Marka uu garta dhex galo, wuxuu ahaa qof deeqsi ah oo hadalkiisa lagu kalsoonaan jiray. Wuxuu dhinaca kale si gaar ah ugu adeegayay tolkiisa, gartana ugu kala qaadi jiray si caddaalad ah, iyadoo aan dib loogu soo noqon jirin go’aannadiisa Wanaagsan darteed maadaama Awoowayaashiis Xukmiin jireen Reerka loogana danbayn jiray go'aanka ugu danbeeya ee Garta. Wuxuu ku dadaali jiray in xaalka laqaboojiyo laguna dhammeeyo sulux iyo heshiis, taasoo dadka ay aad ugu qadarin jireen. Alle ha u naxariisto, wuxuu ahaa sheikh, garsoore iyo oday dhaqameed ay jeclaayeen dadkii uu la shaqeeyay iyo guud ahaan bulshada Soomaaliyeed ee taqaanay. == Tixraacyo == {{Reflist}} klnkdr2odhz5lopzn766jy2tnbgi8y5 3 47465 297117 2026-05-11T00:25:30Z Dabayl 12159 Bog cusub: Waryaa laangaab hoyada farax cabdil wasy page bicide haku waregin ~~~~ 297117 wikitext text/x-wiki Waryaa laangaab hoyada farax cabdil wasy page bicide haku waregin [[User:Dabayl|Dabayl]] ([[User talk:Dabayl|wadahadal]]) 00:25, 11 May 2026 (UTC) gntrfvofhgnj0bqk00t36ko2jbllcwk