Wikipedia sowiki https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bogga_Hore MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.9 first-letter Media Special Talk User User talk Wikipedia Wikipedia talk File File talk MediaWiki MediaWiki talk Template Template talk Help Help talk Category Category talk Portal Portal talk TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 4148 300645 281072 2026-07-03T11:34:04Z Videoiib7 46243 Fixed grammar 300645 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:GodfreyKneller-IsaacNewton-1689.jpg|thumb|Isxaaq Newton]] [[File:Isaac Newton statue.jpg|thumb|right|Isaaq Newton]] [[File:Sir Isaac Newton by Sir Godfrey Kneller, Bt.jpg|thumb|right|Isaaq Newton]] '''Isaaq Newton'''({{lang-en|Isaac Newton}}) wuxuuna magac Naaneystiisa Waa [[Sir]], (4 Janaayo 1643 - 31 Maarso 1727), wuxuu ku xeel dheeraa [[Fiisigis]]ka , Xisaabaadka iyo Cilmiga Xidigiska, waxa uuna ka tirsan yahay dadka caalamka raadka ku yeeshay. == Yaraantii Isxaaq == Waxa uu dhashay Isxaaq Newton sanadii 4-4 1643 waxa uu dhashay dhimashaddii abihii kadib sadax bilood. Waxa uu ahaa nin aad u dhuuban.waayo mauu dhalan xiligii dhalashada ee caadiga ahayd. kadib markii uu isxaaq gaadhay sadex jir ayay hooyadii guursatay.nin waxaanay aaday ninkaa cusub ee aya guursatay waxaanay isxaaq kagatagtay hooyadeed.(Margery Ayscough) Ishaaq wuu necbaa hooyadii isga oo kunacay ninkaas ay guursatay.taasna waxa uu kaga waramay buug uu ugu magac daray khaladadii aan galay xiligii ay dadaydu kayrayad.19.kitaabkaas oo ad caan unoqday. Intii udhaxaysay dadiisa 12 ilaa 17 waxa uu wax kabartay iskoolka [[The King's School]] taas oo ilaaiminka uu kamuuqdo saxeexiisii uu barigaa kudhigay mid kamida daaqadaha iskoolkaas. Kadib wuu kabaxay madrisadaa wxaanuu dib ugulaabtay tuuladiisii [[Woolsthorpe-by-Colsterworth]] sanadii 1659 halkaasoo hooyadii marlabaad ay wayday ninkeedii oo uu kadhintay ninkii labaad ee ay guursatay. Hooyadii kadib waxa ay aad ujeclayd in uu noqdo beero fale. Isguna aad ayuu u necbaa beeraha. Kadib waxaa aad u jeclaystay nin ahaa bare oo katirsanaa dugsiga boqorka kaas oo Isxaaq hooyadii kuqanciyay in ay kudarto dugsiga boqorka kadib waxa uu kubiiray iskoolaas waxa uu noqday arday aad u fiican sanadii 1661 ayuu isxaaq waxa uu ku biiray jaamacada [[kamberag]] isga oo markaas kusifaysnaa arday caawiye ah tas oo kasaaciday in uu helao khibrado aad ubadan. Kadib markii uu isxaaq qaatay shahaadadii jaamacada. ayaa sikumeelgaadha wxaa looxidhay jaamacadii. Inkasta oo aanuu isagu caan kahayan jaamacada jaamacada waxaa looxidhay kadib markii uu faafay xanuunaka[[daacuunku]] taas oo labadii sano ee kuxigay xiligii jaamacada laxidhay uu isxaaq bilaabay in uu gurigiisa hoostiisa kusameeyo tijaabooyin waxaa uu horumar kagaadhay arigtiyihiisii. Sida qaanuunkii aragtiyaha, iyo xisaabinta cvilmiga falaga iyo xidigska iyo qaanuunka laguqeexo soojiidashada. == Guulihii uu kagaadhay cilmiga [[Xisaab]]aadka == Saxa ay aaminsayihiin badi raga taariikhda baadha ee casrigani in isxaaq iyo ninka la odhanjiray [[Leibniz]] ay hore u mariyeen amaba ay caalamka tuseen xisaabta looyaqaano [[infinitesimal]] ee lagu qiyaaso waxyaabaha aadka u yaryar. == Baaraha Kitaabka Quduuska ah == Isaga oo loo tixgeliyey mid ka mid ah caqli-yaqaannada sayniska ee ugu weyn ee abid, wuxuu ixtiraamay oo si taxadar leh u baaray [[Kitaabka quduska]]. In ka badan 3,000 oo sano ka hor saynisyahankii caanka ahaa Sir Isaac Newton wuxuu sharraxay in meerayaasha lagu hayo meel bannaan oo cufisjiid ah, Baybalku wuxuu si gabay ah u sheegay in ‘Oo dhulkana wuxuu ka laalaadshaa wax aan waxba ahayn.’ (Ayuub 26:7) Wuxuu ogaaday in Kitaabka Quduuska ahi qorayo: Ilaahay waa mid. Mid la mid ahna ma jiro. Ciise waa nebigii Ilaah, ma ahan Ilaaha Qaadirka ah. Ilaahay wuu mamnuucay sanam caabudid. Binuʼaadanku waxay arki doonaan maalin la xisaabin doono. Kuwii dhintay in la tirin karin baa Jannada lugu soo nooleyn doonaa. Dhowaan dunida jannay noqon doontaa. * [https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/1977284 Isaac Newton’s Search for God] * [https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/1975803#h=4 Scientist and Belief in God] * [https://www.jw.org/en/library/magazines/g200805/Will-Earth-Be-a-Paradise/ Will Earth Be a Paradise?] {{Commonscat|Isaac Newton}} [[category:Diin]] itryk4r40jbdv80gep1so8n7yuosz0d 300646 300645 2026-07-03T11:35:06Z Videoiib7 46243 Fixed grammar 300646 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:GodfreyKneller-IsaacNewton-1689.jpg|thumb|Isxaaq Newton]] [[File:Isaac Newton statue.jpg|thumb|right|Isaaq Newton]] [[File:Sir Isaac Newton by Sir Godfrey Kneller, Bt.jpg|thumb|right|Isaaq Newton]] '''Isaaq Newton'''({{lang-en|Isaac Newton}}) wuxuuna magac Naaneystiisa Waa [[Sir]], ([[4]] [[Janaayo]] 1643 - [[31]] [[Maarso]] 1727), wuxuu ku xeel dheeraa [[Fiisigis]]ka , Xisaabaadka iyo Cilmiga Xidigiska, waxa uuna ka tirsan yahay dadka caalamka raadka ku yeeshay. == Yaraantii Isxaaq == Waxa uu dhashay Isxaaq Newton sanadii 4-4 1643 waxa uu dhashay dhimashaddii abihii kadib sadax bilood. Waxa uu ahaa nin aad u dhuuban.waayo mauu dhalan xiligii dhalashada ee caadiga ahayd. kadib markii uu isxaaq gaadhay sadex jir ayay hooyadii guursatay.nin waxaanay aaday ninkaa cusub ee aya guursatay waxaanay isxaaq kagatagtay hooyadeed.(Margery Ayscough) Ishaaq wuu necbaa hooyadii isga oo kunacay ninkaas ay guursatay.taasna waxa uu kaga waramay buug uu ugu magac daray khaladadii aan galay xiligii ay dadaydu kayrayad.19.kitaabkaas oo ad caan unoqday. Intii udhaxaysay dadiisa 12 ilaa 17 waxa uu wax kabartay iskoolka [[The King's School]] taas oo ilaaiminka uu kamuuqdo saxeexiisii uu barigaa kudhigay mid kamida daaqadaha iskoolkaas. Kadib wuu kabaxay madrisadaa wxaanuu dib ugulaabtay tuuladiisii [[Woolsthorpe-by-Colsterworth]] sanadii 1659 halkaasoo hooyadii marlabaad ay wayday ninkeedii oo uu kadhintay ninkii labaad ee ay guursatay. Hooyadii kadib waxa ay aad ujeclayd in uu noqdo beero fale. Isguna aad ayuu u necbaa beeraha. Kadib waxaa aad u jeclaystay nin ahaa bare oo katirsanaa dugsiga boqorka kaas oo Isxaaq hooyadii kuqanciyay in ay kudarto dugsiga boqorka kadib waxa uu kubiiray iskoolaas waxa uu noqday arday aad u fiican sanadii 1661 ayuu isxaaq waxa uu ku biiray jaamacada [[kamberag]] isga oo markaas kusifaysnaa arday caawiye ah tas oo kasaaciday in uu helao khibrado aad ubadan. Kadib markii uu isxaaq qaatay shahaadadii jaamacada. ayaa sikumeelgaadha wxaa looxidhay jaamacadii. Inkasta oo aanuu isagu caan kahayan jaamacada jaamacada waxaa looxidhay kadib markii uu faafay xanuunaka[[daacuunku]] taas oo labadii sano ee kuxigay xiligii jaamacada laxidhay uu isxaaq bilaabay in uu gurigiisa hoostiisa kusameeyo tijaabooyin waxaa uu horumar kagaadhay arigtiyihiisii. Sida qaanuunkii aragtiyaha, iyo xisaabinta cvilmiga falaga iyo xidigska iyo qaanuunka laguqeexo soojiidashada. == Guulihii uu kagaadhay cilmiga [[Xisaab]]aadka == Saxa ay aaminsayihiin badi raga taariikhda baadha ee casrigani in isxaaq iyo ninka la odhanjiray [[Leibniz]] ay hore u mariyeen amaba ay caalamka tuseen xisaabta looyaqaano [[infinitesimal]] ee lagu qiyaaso waxyaabaha aadka u yaryar. == Baaraha Kitaabka Quduuska ah == Isaga oo loo tixgeliyey mid ka mid ah caqli-yaqaannada sayniska ee ugu weyn ee abid, wuxuu ixtiraamay oo si taxadar leh u baaray [[Kitaabka quduska]]. In ka badan 3,000 oo sano ka hor saynisyahankii caanka ahaa Sir Isaac Newton wuxuu sharraxay in meerayaasha lagu hayo meel bannaan oo cufisjiid ah, Baybalku wuxuu si gabay ah u sheegay in ‘Oo dhulkana wuxuu ka laalaadshaa wax aan waxba ahayn.’ (Ayuub 26:7) Wuxuu ogaaday in Kitaabka Quduuska ahi qorayo: Ilaahay waa mid. Mid la mid ahna ma jiro. Ciise waa nebigii Ilaah, ma ahan Ilaaha Qaadirka ah. Ilaahay wuu mamnuucay sanam caabudid. Binuʼaadanku waxay arki doonaan maalin la xisaabin doono. Kuwii dhintay in la tirin karin baa Jannada lugu soo nooleyn doonaa. Dhowaan dunida jannay noqon doontaa. * [https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/1977284 Isaac Newton’s Search for God] * [https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/1975803#h=4 Scientist and Belief in God] * [https://www.jw.org/en/library/magazines/g200805/Will-Earth-Be-a-Paradise/ Will Earth Be a Paradise?] {{Commonscat|Isaac Newton}} [[category:Diin]] aivycc4rayzbhmwlu60zeqgf3242029 0 5693 300651 296223 2026-07-03T11:47:09Z Videoiib7 46243 Fixed grammar 300651 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Mercury in color - Prockter07 centered.jpg|thumb|Muuqaalka Meeraha Dusaa]] [[File:Mercury_symbol (planetary color).svg|frameless|upright=0.35|☿]] '''Dusaa''' ({{lang-ar|عطارد}}; {{lang-it|Mercurio}}; {{lang-en|Mercury}}; {{lang-om|Qaamu-Daalacha}}; {{lang-am|ኣጣርድ}}; astaan: [[file:mercury symbol (fixed width).svg|20px|☿]]) waa [[meere|meeraha]] 1aad ee [[Qorax|qoraxda]]<ref>"[[meere|meeraha]] kowaad ee [[Qorax|qoraxda]] ugu dhow"</ref> ugu dhow dhamaan meerayaasha [[Bahda Qoraxdu Midaysay]]. Meerahani wuxuu ka mid yahay afarta [[Meere Dhagaxley]] ee ka samaysan [[bir]] iyo [[macdan]]o iskudhisyo [[aa yron]], [[nikel]] iyo [[silikoon]] ah.<ref>"[[Meere Dhagaxley]] ee ka samaysan [[bir]] iyo [[macdan]]o"</ref> == Tilmaan == : Meeraha [[Dusaa]] waa dunida kowaad ee ugu dhow [[qorax]]da (masaafo dhan 0.4 [[AU]] u jirta qoraxda),<ref>masaafo dhan 0.4 [[AU]] u jirta [[qorax]]da</ref> iyo kan ugu yar dhamaan meerayaasha [[Bahda Qoraxdu Midaysay]] asagoo leh 0.55 muga [[dhul]]ka.<ref>Schenk P., Melosh H. J. (1994), ''Lobate Thrust Scarps and the Thickness of Mercury's Lithosphere'', Abstracts of the 25th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, 1994LPI....25.1203S</ref> : Meerahan Dusaa ma lahan wax [[dayaxa meere|dayax]] ah, waxaana lagu yaqaanaa in uu leeyahay [[Qolof dhul|oogo sare]] oo [[heerkul]]keedu aad u sareeyo isla markaana qani ku ah [[curiye]]yaasha [[bir]]ta sida [[Aayron|aayron]], [[Nikel|nikel]] iyo [[Silikon|salikaytis]].<ref>{{cite web |year=2006 |author=Bill Arnett |title=Mercury |work=The Nine Planets |url=http://www.nineplanets.org/mercury.html |accessdate=2006-09-14}}</ref><ref>Benz, W., Slattery, W. L., Cameron, A. G. W. (1988), ''Collisional stripping of Mercury's mantle'', Icarus, v. 74, p. 516–528.</ref><ref>Cameron, A. G. W. (1985), ''The partial volatilization of Mercury'', Icarus, v. 64, p. 285–294.</ref>Dusaa ma laha gibil hawo (atmosphere) oo ku hareeraysan. Taasi waxa ay sababtaa isbeddel aad u ballaadhan oo ku dhaca heerkulkiisa. Heerkulka dhanka qorraxda xigaa (maalin) waxa uu gaadhaa 430^oC, halka dhanka qorraxda ka sii jeeda (habeen) heerkulkiisu uu gaadhi karo -170^oC. Waa isbeddel ilaa 600^oC ah. Meerahan wareeggiisu uma dhakso badna sida dhulka, oo waxa uu dhidibkiisa ku wareegaa hal mar muddo u dhiganta 58.9 maalmaha dhulka. Sidaas awgeed, halkiisa maalin waxa ay u dhigantaa 58.9 maalin dhuleed. 88 kii maalin dhulba hal mar ayaa uu qorraxda ku wareegaa. Sidaas awgeed, sannadkiisu waa uu ka yaryahay labadiisa maalmood. Sannadka dhulku waa 365 maalin dhuleed. Sannadkii [[1973]] ayaa [[NASA]] waxa ay dirtay fagaag buldiye (space probe) la odhan jirey MARINER 10. Sannadkii [[2004]] tiina waxa ay direen mid kale oo la odhan jirey MESSENGER. Messenger waxa uu qaaday ilaa 100, 000 oo sawir, isaga oo dhow jeer ku wareegay meeraha idilkii. 30 kii Abriil [[2015]] ayaa uu ku dhacay oogada [[Meere|meeraha]] kaddib markii shiidaalkii ka dhammaaday. Messenger waxa uu ku xambaarnaa qalab badan oo xog kala duwan ka ururiyey meerahaas oo aqoonta aynu u leennahay ay ka yar tahay ta kuwa kale.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nuqul Archive |url=http://www.garanuug.com/abwaan/dusaa/ |access-date=2016-06-23 |archive-date=2016-07-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160707080157/http://www.garanuug.com/abwaan/dusaa/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> ==Isbar-bardhig== {{multiple image | align = center | direction = horizontal | header = Isbarbardhiga muga [[Bahda Midaysay Qoraxdu]] | header_align = center | image1 = Mercury, Earth size comparison.jpg | width1 = 197 | caption1 = Dusaa, iyo [[Dhul]]ka | image2 = Terrestrial planet sizes.jpg | width2 = 325 | caption2 = Dusaa, [[Waxaraxir]], [[Dhul]]ka, iyo [[Farraare]] | image3 = 1e6m comparison Mars Mercury Moon Pluto Haumea - no transparency.png | width3 = {{#expr: (139 * 300 / 240) round 0}} | caption3 = Qaybta Fog: [[Farraare]], Dusaa <br />Qaybta dhow: [[Dayax]]a, [[Buluuto]], [[Haumea]] }} ==Qoraalo La Mid ah== *[[Docay]] *[[Raage]] *[[Farraare]] *[[Cirjeex]] *[[Uraano]] *[[Bluto]] *[[Waxaraxir]] *[[Meere]] *[[Dhul]] *[[Cir]] *[[Meere Dhagaxley]] *[[Dayax]] *[[Dayaxa meere]] *[[Qorax]] *[[Xidig]] *[[Meere]] *[[Dhul badhe]] *[[Cilmiga Xidigaha]] *[[Bahda Qoraxdu Midaysay]] *[[Qorax]] {{Bahda Qoraxdu Midaysay}} ==Xigasho== {{Reflist}} {{Gumud}} [[Category:Dayaxa Meere]] [[Category:Cilmi Falag]] [[Category:Saynis]] [[Category:Cilmiga Xidigaha]] [[Category:Xiddigis]] [[Category:Cilmi Fallag]] [[Category:Bahda Midaysay Qoraxdu]] [[Category:Meere]] [[Category:Koon]] [[Category:Saynis]] 4caiw2qnpsdke68x4us4k6b9q27lrho 0 12321 300655 142796 2026-07-03T11:54:26Z Videoiib7 46243 Fixed grammar 300655 wikitext text/x-wiki = Dhufeeyska Mariyana = [[File:Bathyscaphe_Trieste_ballast.jpg|thumb]] '''Dhufeeyska Mariyana''' ([[Af ingiriis]]: Mariana Trench) waa barta ugu hooseeysa oogada sare ee [[dhul]]ka. Godkan wuxuu ka hooseeyaa oogada sare ee biyaha [[bad]]da [[tiro]] dhan 10,911 mitir. {{Gumud}} [[Dhul]] [[Cilmiga Macdanta]] [[Category:Aqoon]] [[Category:Saynis]] [[Category:Xili]] [[Category:Juquraafi]] hm993nrdo81o9fg91sfizlzsy4zfs0l 0 39797 300616 299851 2026-07-03T04:18:21Z ~2026-34537-45 46057 /* Clan tree */ 300616 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Farac|{{flagcountry|Masar}}|group=Abokor <br> |flag=[[File:Flag_of_Somaliland.svg|60px]][[File:Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg|60px]][[File:Flag_of_Kenya.svg|45px]][[File:Flag_of_United Kingdom.svg|60px]]|image=|region1={{flagcountry|Somaliland}}|region2={{flagcountry|Kenya}}|region3={{flagcountry| United States}}|region4 ={{flagcountry|Turkey}}|langs=[[Somali language|Somali]]|rels=[[Islam]]|related-c= Other ,clans <!-- CONFIRMED RELATIONS!!! -->}} '''Abokor''' ([[Af-Ingiriisi|Ingiriisi]]: Abokor'','' [[Carabi]]: أبوبكر ; ''',''' Magaca oo buuxa: Abokor Musa Da'ud Sheekh Ishaaq) waa Qabiil wayn oo ka mid ah beelweynta Eidagalle ee Isaaq. Beeshu waxay degaan rasmiya ku tahay [[Soomaaliland|Somaliland]], [[Itoobiya]] iyo [[Kenya]]. == Overview == The Abokor is a major Somali clan that is part of the Eidagalle clan of the Isaaq clan family, traditionally also called ''Saleebaan''. Members of the Abokor Musa subclan are descendants of Sheikh Ishaaq bin Ahmed. The Abokor musa<ref>Diiriye, Anwar Maxamed (2006). Literature of Somali Onomastics & Proverbs with Comparison of Foreign Sayings.ISBN978-0-9726615-1-5.</ref> is one of the large somali clans and among the most prominent sub-clans of the Eidagale. They inhabit the Hargiesa and Salahley regions of Somaliland, in addition to the Somali Region of Ethiopia and Kenya, where they form part of the Isahakia community<ref name=":3">Hayward, R. J.; Lewis, I. M. (2005-08-17). Voice and Power. Routledge. <nowiki>ISBN 9781135751753</nowiki>.</ref><ref name=":4">Laitin, David D. (1977). Politics, Language, and Thought: The Somali Experience. 9780226467917.</ref>.The Abokor Musa traditionally consists of nomadic pastoralists, merchants, and skilled poets.<ref>Andrzejewski, B.W. and I.M. Lewis, 1964, Somali Poetry: An Introduction, Oxford University Press.</ref> ==Tariikhda == ===Nasabka === Sheekh Isxaaq wuxuu ka mid ahaa culimadii ka soo haajiray Carabta kuna soo tallaabay badda si ay Islaamka ugu faafiyaan Geeska Afrika qarnigii 12aad ilaa 13aad. Sidaas darteed, Sheekh Isxaaq wuxuu guursaday labo dumar ah oo deegaanka ah gudaha Somaliland, wuxuuna ka dhalay siddeed wiil. Mid ka mid ah, Daoud, wuxuu noqday aabihii beesha Ciidagale.<ref>I.M. Lewis, A Modern History of the Somali, fourth edition (Oxford: James Currey, 2002), pp. 31 & 42</ref> ===Xiliyadii Dhexe=== Beesha Abokor Muuse waxaa si gaar ah loogu xusuustaa kaalintii ay ka qaateen halgankii uu hoggaaminayay Axmed Gurey (Axmed Ibraahim al-Ghazi) ([[Saldanadii Cadal|Saldanadii Adal]]) ee lagula dagaallamay boqortooyadii Xabashida. Sida lagu sheegay buugga taariikhiga ah ee ''Futuh al-Habash'', beelaha Habar Magaadle, oo ay ku jirto laantan, waxay bixiyeen ciidamo iyo hoggaamiyeyaal muhiim ah.<ref>"مخطوطات-24 > بهجة الزمان > الصفحة رقم 16". makhtota.ksu.edu.sa. Retrieved 2017-08</ref><blockquote>Beesha Abokor Muuse—waxay door weyn ka ciyaareen dagaalkii qarnigii 16aad uu hogaaminayay Axmed Gurey bin Xuseen (Axmed Ibraahim al-Ghazi) ee lagula dagaallamay boqortooyadii Xabashida. Dagaalkan taariikhiga ah oo lagu xusay buugga Futuh al-Habash, beelo badan oo Soomaaliyeed ayaa ka qeyb galay. Halyeeyada la xasuusto waxaa ka mid ahaa Basiralle iyo Dhimbil oo ahaa ugaasyo , taariikh ahaana loogu xuso iyo saraakiil ciidan oo caan ah. Qaybo kamid ah geedka qabiilka (clan tree) ayaa loo xusaa Boqorro, kuwaas oo ku jira dhamaan tarkhiidii dhaqan ee beesha, gaar ahaan ku dhadhaw qarnigii 15aad ilaa 16aad, oo ah Sultanate . Basiralle, oo lagu xasuusto geesinimo, wuxuu ku geeriyooday dhawac soogaadhay meel u dhow magaalada [[Herer|Herar]].<ref>Morin, Didier (2004). Dictionnaire historique afar: 1288-1982. KARTHALA Editions. <nowiki>ISBN 9782845864924</nowiki>.</ref> Sidoo kale waxay samayn wan ku lahayeen magalda tariikhiga ah ee [[Saylac|zelia]].</blockquote> [[File:First_footsteps_in_East_Africa,_or,_An_exploration_of_Harar_(1904)_(14586268478).jpg|right|thumb|250x250px| [[Axmad III bin Abu Bakar|Axmad Bin Abii Bakar]], Amiirkii [[Harar]]]] Qarnigii 19aad, laanta Abokor Muuse waxay door muuqda ku lahaayeen ganacsigii ka socday Hargeysa–Berbera–Harar. Ganacsatadoodu waxay ahaayeen kuwa ugu firfircoon ee karavaannada ka keeni jiray gudaha Soomaalida xoolaha, muxurka, malmalka iyo subagga, kuna dhoofin jiray Berbera iyo suuqyada Carabta. Waxaa si gaar ah loo xusuustaa xiriirka dhow ee ay la lahaayeen Amiir Axmed III bin Abu Bakr, oo ahaa amiirkii Harar intii u dhaxaysay 1856–1875. Amiirka ayaa si weyn u qadarin jiray ganacsatada Abokor Muuse.<ref>Burton, Richard (1856). First Footsteps in East Africa. London: Longman, Brown, Green and Longmans. pp. 116–118.</ref> <blockquote>Beesha Abokor Muuse waxay door weyn ka ciyaareen ilaalinta dhaqanka, xeerka iyo dhexdhexaadinta. Goobta barakeysan ee [[Aw Barkhadle]], oo ku taalla inta u dhexeysa [[Hargeysa]] iyo [[Berbera]], waxay ahayd xarun dhaar iyo heshiis lagu xallin jiray khilaafaadka. Odayaasha Abokor Muuse ayaa si gaar ah loogu qadarin jiray hoggaaminta dhaarta iyo heshiisiinta,oo ah Ugaaysada dhaqanka<ref>The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society Volume 19 p.61-62". 1849</ref> </blockquote> Abokor Muuse waxay caan ku ahaayeen hal-abuurka gabayga iyo xigmadda afka ah. Gabayga ayaa u ahaa hub lagula dagaallamo, laguna xafido taariikhda. Sida uu qoray Laurence Margaret, beesha Ciidagale (oo ay ka mid yihiin Abokor Muse) waxaa lagu yaqaanay in tiro badan oo rag ah ay gabyaa yihiin, taasoo ka dhigtay beel kaalin weyn ku leh suugaanta Soomaalida.<ref>Laurance, Margaret. ''A tree for poverty: Somali poetry and prose''. McMaster University Library Press. p. 27.</ref>Sido kale Abokor Muuse waxay ahaayeen qoys caan ku ahaa fardaha fuulka iyo dagaalka, waxaana si weyn looga yaqaanay kartida dagaal iyo xirfadda ay ku lahaayeen maareynta fardaha dagaalka. [[File:Sketch_Map_of_Northern_Somali_Land.png|right|thumb|250x250px| Map showing trade routes leading to Berbera.]] Qarnigii 19aad, Abokor Muuse waxay door muhiim ah ku lahaayeen ganacsigii karavaannada ee u dhexeeyay [[Berbera]] iyo gudaha dalka. Waxay qayb ka ahaayeen aasaaska magaalada [[Hargeysa]], taasoo markii hore ahayd xarun karavaan oo ay dhiseen ganacsatada Ciidagale.<ref>Carlos-Swayne, Harald (1900). ''Seventeen Trips Through Somaliland and a Visit to Abyssinia''. p. 96.</ref> <blockquote>Taariikhda Abokor Muuse waa mid ku dhisan geesinimada dagaal, hal-abuurka suugaaneed, hoggaaminta dhaqameed iyo firfircoonida ganacsiga. Waxay qayb muhiim ah ka noqdeen halgankii diimeed ee Muslimiinta, nabadaynta bulshada Isaaq, iyo kobaca dhaqaalaha iyo dhaqanka gobolka—astaamo qeexaya kaalintooda qoto dheer ee taariikhda Soomaaliyeed.</blockquote> Sidoo kale, waxay leeyihiin tariikh soo jireen ah oo ku salaysan dhaqashada xoolaha, sida Geela, Adhiga iyo lo'da, iyadoo geelu uu yahay xoolahooda ugu muhiimsan ee noloshooda ku tiirsan yihiin isla markaana ay Aad u dhaqdaan. Dhaqashada xoolaha waxay ka tarjumaysa hodantinimada, hiddaha, iyo xirfadda ay bulshadu ku dhisantahay oo soo jireen ah. ===Baranches and Subclans=== Beesha Abokor Muuse waa beel ballaaran oo caan ku ah geesinimada iyo hiddaha soo jireenka ah, waxayna leedahay faracyo iyo laamo badan oo si dhaw isugu xidhan. Beeshan qiimaha leh waxay u kala baxdaa laamo waaweyn oo ay ka mid yihiin: ''[[Beesha Mohamed Dhimbil|Mohammed Dhimbil]]'', ''[[Ahmed Dhimbil]]'', ''[[Aden Abokor]]'', ''[[Muuse Dhimbil]]'' Faracyada ''[[Mohamoud Muuse]]'' iyo ''Abdalleh Muuse''. Laamaha Beesha ''Abdalleh Muuse'' ayaa iyaguna caan ku ah reero balaadhan ah sida ''Reer Aadan'', Reer ''Ali Abdi'', ''Reer Nuur'', ''Reer Benin'', ''Rer Gallab'', ''Reer Eiye'', iyo ''Mohamed Cabdille'', (kuwaas oo kala baxa ''Rer Dhibleh'' ,''Reer Cali'' iyo ''Reer Gubadleh''.) ; [[Shaxda beesha|Shaxda Beesha]] ===Saltanate of Abokor Musa=== Beesha Abokor Muuse waxay caan ku tahay hoggaamin, halgan iyo ilaalinta dhaqanka. Intii taariikhdu xusuusato, beeshani waxay lahayd taliyaal dhaqameed oo ka kala socday laamaha iyo faracyada beesha, kuwaas oo door weyn ku lahaa xallinta khilaafaadka, ilaalinta nidaamka bulshada, iyo kordhinta midnimada beesha dhexdeeda. Suldaanada, boqorrada iyo ugaasyada ka soo jeeda Abokor Muuse waxay ahaayeen hogaamiyayaal caan ah, kuwaas oo isku darsaday garaad, geesinimo, iyo karti ciidan. Markay timaaddo dirir ama dagaal, waxay ahaayeen abaanduulayaal dagaal oo hoggaamiya ciidamo si abaabulan u dagaallama. Halka marka nabaddu timaaddo, ay noqdaan odayaal dhaqameed oo hagaya bulshada dhinaca garsoorka, dhaqanka, iyo isku duubnida. ==Distribution== Beesha Abokor Muuse waxay si ballaaran u daganyihiin magaalada Hargeysa, gaar ahaan koofurta iyo galbeedka caasimadda. Xaafadaha ay si rasmi ah u deggan yihiin waxaa ka mid ah ''Calaamadaha'' , oo ay kala Qaybiso Wadada Halbawlaha ee ''Airport Road (Wadada Madaarka Egal)'', iyo xaafadaha Masalaha ( Siirooga galbeedkiisa), ''Jameecada'', iyo qaybo ka mid ah Xaafadda ''October''. Meelahan ayaa ka mid ah deegaannada taariikhiga ah ee ay beesha si xooggan ugu xidhan tahay. Marka laga sii gudbo gudaha magaalada, Abokor Muuse waxay degaan ''Qoolcaday'',''Toon'', magaalada ''Salahley'', iyo tuulooyinka u dhow ilaa ''Ina-Guxaa'', oo ah xuduudda u dhaxaysa Somaliland iyo Ethiopia. Deegaannadan ayaa loo arkaa in ay yihiin laf-dhabarta beesha ee dhulka Somaliland, maadaama ay yihiin goobaha ay ku badan yihiin beelaha reer guuraaga ah iyo xoolo-dhaqatada beesha. Dhinaca kale, beesha Abokor Muuse waxay si ballaaran uga deggan yihiin Dalka Itoobiya , halkaas oo ay ku leeyihiin magaalooyin iyo tuulooyin badan. Magaalooyinka ugu waaweyn ee ay degaan waxaa ka mid ah ''Bisad'', ''Abokor'', ''Egal Addani'', iyo ''Iskoyska'', halka ay sidoo kale ku nool yihiin deegaannada u dhow Dooxada ''Galool-Fadhiidh.'' Meelahan ayaa xiriir dhow la leh magaalada Awarre, taas oo ah xarun muhiim ah oo ka tirsan gobolka. Isku soo wada duuboo, beesha Abokor Muuse waxay degaan dhul aad u ballaaran oo ku kala yaalla labada dhinac ee xuduudda Somaliland iyo Itoobiya, iyagoo leh isku xirnaan dhaqan, deegaan, iyo taariikh wadaag ah oo soo jireen ah. ==Clan tree== A summarised clan family tree of the major subclans of Abokor Musa, is presented below: {{Tree list}} *Daoud (Eidagalle) ***'''Abokor''' (Saleiban) ****Salieban Abokor *****Mohammad Salieban ******Saleiban Mohamed *******Yousuf Saleiban ********Osman Yusuf ********Said Yusuf ********Mohamed Yusuf *******Arralleh Saleiban ********Ali Arralle ********Saleiban Arralle *********Abokor Saleiban **********Abdalleh Abokor ***********Saleiban Abdalle ************Osman Saleiban *************Wa'eys Osman *************Mahamoud Wais *************Arralleh Wais *************Hussein wais **********Saleiban Abokor ***********Warfa Saleiban ***********Arrale Saleiban ***********Farah Saleiban ***********Mahamoud Saleiban **********Ibrahim Abokor ***********Mohamed Ibrahim ************Jibril Mohamed ************Salah Mohamed *************Osman Salah **************Abokor Osman ***************Hassan Abokor ****************Muuse Hassan ****************Laqshe Hassan ****************Basiralle Hassan ****************Dhimbil Hassan *****************'''Mohammed Dhimbil''' ******************Mucawiye Mohamed (Rer Mucawie) ******************Fatah Mohamed (Rer Fatah) ******************Gulled Mohamed (Rer Guled) ******************Musa Mohamed *******************Adawe Muuse (Rer Adawe) *******************Aden Muuse (Rer Aden) *****************'''Muuse Dhimbil''' ******************Abdalle Muse *******************Muse Abdalle ********************Mahamoud Muuse *********************Shirdon Mohamoud *********************Hildiid Mohamoud **********************Ali Hildiid **********************Geedi Hildiid **********************Hersi Hildiid ********************Abdalleh Muuse *********************Jibirl Abdalle **********************Saeed Jibril ***********************Abdi Said ************************Salah Abdi ************************Roble Abdi **********************Hersi Jibril ***********************Ahmed Hersi ***********************Abdalle Hersi **********************Kalil Jibirl (Rer kalil) ***********************Hersi Kalil ***********************Egal Kalil ***********************Wais Kalil ***********************Ali kalil ************************Said Ali ************************Koshin Ali ************************Arale Ali ************************Osman Ali ************************Guled Ali ************************Amare Ali ************************Boqorreh Ali **********************Aden Jibril (Rer Adan) ***********************Aden Mohamed ************************Benin Aden ************************Nour Aden ************************Ali Aden ************************Adan Aden **********************Abdi Jibril ***********************Ali Abdi ************************Yusuf Ali ************************Mumin Ali ************************Naleye Ali ************************Hussein Ali *************************Abdalle Hussien *************************Mohamed Hussien *************************Nour Hussein *************************Jama Hussien ***********************Nour Abdi (Rer Nuur) ************************Ismail Nour ************************Hersi Nour ************************Gabal Nour ************************Mohamed Nour ***********************Benin Abdi (Rer Benin) ************************Naleye Benin ************************Ahmed Benin ************************Hersi Benin ************************Warfa Benin ************************Samter Benin ************************Abdi Benin ************************Fatah Benin ************************Aden Benin ************************Dirie Benin ************************Farah Benin ************************Dahir Benin ************************Arale Benin ************************Guled Benin ************************Shirwa Benin ************************Abane Benin ************************Abdille Benin ************************Yusuf Benin ************************Arale Benin ************************Roble Benin ************************Osman Benin ***********************Abdille Abdi ************************Gallab Abdille (Rer Gallab) *************************Ismail Gallab *************************Asker Gallab ***********************Eiae Abdille (Rer Eiye) ************************Gulled Eiye ************************Sharmake Eiye ***********************Mohamed Abdille ************************Ahmed Mohamed *************************Samter Ahmed *************************Ziyad Ahmed *************************Mayle Ahmed *************************Elmi Ahmed *************************Warfa Ahmed *************************Geedi Ahmed *************************Amanle Ahmed *************************Food Ahmed *************************Roble Ahmed *************************Ainanshe Ahmed *************************Wais Ahmed *************************Dhible Ahmed (Rer Dhibleh) **************************Ismail Dhible **************************Barre Dhible *************************Ali Ahmed (Rer Ali) *************************Gubadleh Ahmed (Rer Gubadleh) **************************Derie Gubadleh (Rer Dirie) **************************Boqorre Gubdleh (Rer Boqorreh) ******************'''Ahmed Dhimbil''' ********************Musa Ahmed ********************Osman Ahmed ********************Liban Ahmed *********************Abdi Liban **********************Ismail Abdi (Rer Ismail) **********************Mohammed Abdi ***********************Sarar Mohamed ***********************Ahmed Mohamed **********'''Aden Abokor''' *************Awal Aden (Rer Cawl) **************Mahamoud Awal **************Hussien Awal **************Farah Awal **************Abdi Awal *************Hassan Aden **************Ziyad Hassan **************Odawa Hasaan **************Ladon Hassan **************Abdalle Hassan ***************Ali Abdalle ***************Abdi Abdalle ***************Ahmed Abdalle ****************Halas Ahmed (Rer Halas) ****************Egal Ahmed (Rer Egal) ****************Geedi Ahmed (Rer Gheedi) {{tree list/end}} ==Notable figures== * Mahamoud Ismail Gabush – Is a scholar, an Air Force engineer, and a respected military leader * Mohamed Mooge Liibaan – prominent Somali instrumentalist, vocalist, and poet. * Mohamoud Guure Husien (Gaal-Eri) – Was a key Somali political figure who led the SNM office in France and was responsible for Somalia’s foreign strategic policy during the Ogaden War. *Aden Mohamed Guhad (Aden Walli) – He was a Colonel and the Commander of Internal Security of the (SNM), noted for his strategic leadership. * Ahmed Mooge Liibaan – prominent Somali musician and singer * Suldan Aden S.Farah.S.Omar –Respected traditional holder. *Ugahz Mohamed Abdille Ahmed, a clan elder (Ughaz) and respected traditional figure. * Ahmed Mohamed Diriye (Toorno) – Former Minister of Education and planning * Gen.Mohamed Osman Aalin (Dayib)– Father of Somaliland Immigration border * Hussein Mohamed Mohamoud – Former Minister of Health * Suldan Osman Baane –traditional leader * Abdikarem Hikmawi – Is Author, literally scholar and Activist * Mohamed Badel – was a poet, politician, and university lecturer. * Abdishakur Roble Ali– is a senior military leader in Somaliland. * Nadir Yusuf – Politician and Member for Federal Parliament of Ethiopia * Abwan Harir Osman Guray – Well-known Somali peot * Almis Omar Zakrie – Activist and Politiciancurrent mayor of Hargeisa city * Ughaz Ali-Abdi – A revered clan elder (Ugaas) and highly respected traditional leader. * Yusuf Saeed Elmi – Poet and politician * Hussein Habane - is a Lieutenant in the Somaliland Coast Guard * Shiekh Harreed – Scholar and Religious leader * Kol Ibrahim Koodbuur – Revered Somali SNM commander and freedom fighter, known for his unmatched courage and sacrifice in the struggle against dictatorship * Guled Bihi Abdi – Politician and Member for Federal Parliament of Somalia * Khalid Foodhaadhi – Multi-Award-Winnnig Journalist ==Tixraac== {{Reflist}} 2g4zw7i7xlegxx8rae8su4xoqudt73e 300657 300616 2026-07-03T11:58:30Z ~2026-34537-45 46057 /* Clan tree */ 300657 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Farac|{{flagcountry|Masar}}|group=Abokor <br> |flag=[[File:Flag_of_Somaliland.svg|60px]][[File:Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg|60px]][[File:Flag_of_Kenya.svg|45px]][[File:Flag_of_United Kingdom.svg|60px]]|image=|region1={{flagcountry|Somaliland}}|region2={{flagcountry|Kenya}}|region3={{flagcountry| United States}}|region4 ={{flagcountry|Turkey}}|langs=[[Somali language|Somali]]|rels=[[Islam]]|related-c= Other ,clans <!-- CONFIRMED RELATIONS!!! -->}} '''Abokor''' ([[Af-Ingiriisi|Ingiriisi]]: Abokor'','' [[Carabi]]: أبوبكر ; ''',''' Magaca oo buuxa: Abokor Musa Da'ud Sheekh Ishaaq) waa Qabiil wayn oo ka mid ah beelweynta Eidagalle ee Isaaq. Beeshu waxay degaan rasmiya ku tahay [[Soomaaliland|Somaliland]], [[Itoobiya]] iyo [[Kenya]]. == Overview == The Abokor is a major Somali clan that is part of the Eidagalle clan of the Isaaq clan family, traditionally also called ''Saleebaan''. Members of the Abokor Musa subclan are descendants of Sheikh Ishaaq bin Ahmed. The Abokor musa<ref>Diiriye, Anwar Maxamed (2006). Literature of Somali Onomastics & Proverbs with Comparison of Foreign Sayings.ISBN978-0-9726615-1-5.</ref> is one of the large somali clans and among the most prominent sub-clans of the Eidagale. They inhabit the Hargiesa and Salahley regions of Somaliland, in addition to the Somali Region of Ethiopia and Kenya, where they form part of the Isahakia community<ref name=":3">Hayward, R. J.; Lewis, I. M. (2005-08-17). Voice and Power. Routledge. <nowiki>ISBN 9781135751753</nowiki>.</ref><ref name=":4">Laitin, David D. (1977). Politics, Language, and Thought: The Somali Experience. 9780226467917.</ref>.The Abokor Musa traditionally consists of nomadic pastoralists, merchants, and skilled poets.<ref>Andrzejewski, B.W. and I.M. Lewis, 1964, Somali Poetry: An Introduction, Oxford University Press.</ref> ==Tariikhda == ===Nasabka === Sheekh Isxaaq wuxuu ka mid ahaa culimadii ka soo haajiray Carabta kuna soo tallaabay badda si ay Islaamka ugu faafiyaan Geeska Afrika qarnigii 12aad ilaa 13aad. Sidaas darteed, Sheekh Isxaaq wuxuu guursaday labo dumar ah oo deegaanka ah gudaha Somaliland, wuxuuna ka dhalay siddeed wiil. Mid ka mid ah, Daoud, wuxuu noqday aabihii beesha Ciidagale.<ref>I.M. Lewis, A Modern History of the Somali, fourth edition (Oxford: James Currey, 2002), pp. 31 & 42</ref> ===Xiliyadii Dhexe=== Beesha Abokor Muuse waxaa si gaar ah loogu xusuustaa kaalintii ay ka qaateen halgankii uu hoggaaminayay Axmed Gurey (Axmed Ibraahim al-Ghazi) ([[Saldanadii Cadal|Saldanadii Adal]]) ee lagula dagaallamay boqortooyadii Xabashida. Sida lagu sheegay buugga taariikhiga ah ee ''Futuh al-Habash'', beelaha Habar Magaadle, oo ay ku jirto laantan, waxay bixiyeen ciidamo iyo hoggaamiyeyaal muhiim ah.<ref>"مخطوطات-24 > بهجة الزمان > الصفحة رقم 16". makhtota.ksu.edu.sa. Retrieved 2017-08</ref><blockquote>Beesha Abokor Muuse—waxay door weyn ka ciyaareen dagaalkii qarnigii 16aad uu hogaaminayay Axmed Gurey bin Xuseen (Axmed Ibraahim al-Ghazi) ee lagula dagaallamay boqortooyadii Xabashida. Dagaalkan taariikhiga ah oo lagu xusay buugga Futuh al-Habash, beelo badan oo Soomaaliyeed ayaa ka qeyb galay. Halyeeyada la xasuusto waxaa ka mid ahaa Basiralle iyo Dhimbil oo ahaa ugaasyo , taariikh ahaana loogu xuso iyo saraakiil ciidan oo caan ah. Qaybo kamid ah geedka qabiilka (clan tree) ayaa loo xusaa Boqorro, kuwaas oo ku jira dhamaan tarkhiidii dhaqan ee beesha, gaar ahaan ku dhadhaw qarnigii 15aad ilaa 16aad, oo ah Sultanate . Basiralle, oo lagu xasuusto geesinimo, wuxuu ku geeriyooday dhawac soogaadhay meel u dhow magaalada [[Herer|Herar]].<ref>Morin, Didier (2004). Dictionnaire historique afar: 1288-1982. KARTHALA Editions. <nowiki>ISBN 9782845864924</nowiki>.</ref> Sidoo kale waxay samayn wan ku lahayeen magalda tariikhiga ah ee [[Saylac|zelia]].</blockquote> [[File:First_footsteps_in_East_Africa,_or,_An_exploration_of_Harar_(1904)_(14586268478).jpg|right|thumb|250x250px| [[Axmad III bin Abu Bakar|Axmad Bin Abii Bakar]], Amiirkii [[Harar]]]] Qarnigii 19aad, laanta Abokor Muuse waxay door muuqda ku lahaayeen ganacsigii ka socday Hargeysa–Berbera–Harar. Ganacsatadoodu waxay ahaayeen kuwa ugu firfircoon ee karavaannada ka keeni jiray gudaha Soomaalida xoolaha, muxurka, malmalka iyo subagga, kuna dhoofin jiray Berbera iyo suuqyada Carabta. Waxaa si gaar ah loo xusuustaa xiriirka dhow ee ay la lahaayeen Amiir Axmed III bin Abu Bakr, oo ahaa amiirkii Harar intii u dhaxaysay 1856–1875. Amiirka ayaa si weyn u qadarin jiray ganacsatada Abokor Muuse.<ref>Burton, Richard (1856). First Footsteps in East Africa. London: Longman, Brown, Green and Longmans. pp. 116–118.</ref> <blockquote>Beesha Abokor Muuse waxay door weyn ka ciyaareen ilaalinta dhaqanka, xeerka iyo dhexdhexaadinta. Goobta barakeysan ee [[Aw Barkhadle]], oo ku taalla inta u dhexeysa [[Hargeysa]] iyo [[Berbera]], waxay ahayd xarun dhaar iyo heshiis lagu xallin jiray khilaafaadka. Odayaasha Abokor Muuse ayaa si gaar ah loogu qadarin jiray hoggaaminta dhaarta iyo heshiisiinta,oo ah Ugaaysada dhaqanka<ref>The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society Volume 19 p.61-62". 1849</ref> </blockquote> Abokor Muuse waxay caan ku ahaayeen hal-abuurka gabayga iyo xigmadda afka ah. Gabayga ayaa u ahaa hub lagula dagaallamo, laguna xafido taariikhda. Sida uu qoray Laurence Margaret, beesha Ciidagale (oo ay ka mid yihiin Abokor Muse) waxaa lagu yaqaanay in tiro badan oo rag ah ay gabyaa yihiin, taasoo ka dhigtay beel kaalin weyn ku leh suugaanta Soomaalida.<ref>Laurance, Margaret. ''A tree for poverty: Somali poetry and prose''. McMaster University Library Press. p. 27.</ref>Sido kale Abokor Muuse waxay ahaayeen qoys caan ku ahaa fardaha fuulka iyo dagaalka, waxaana si weyn looga yaqaanay kartida dagaal iyo xirfadda ay ku lahaayeen maareynta fardaha dagaalka. [[File:Sketch_Map_of_Northern_Somali_Land.png|right|thumb|250x250px| Map showing trade routes leading to Berbera.]] Qarnigii 19aad, Abokor Muuse waxay door muhiim ah ku lahaayeen ganacsigii karavaannada ee u dhexeeyay [[Berbera]] iyo gudaha dalka. Waxay qayb ka ahaayeen aasaaska magaalada [[Hargeysa]], taasoo markii hore ahayd xarun karavaan oo ay dhiseen ganacsatada Ciidagale.<ref>Carlos-Swayne, Harald (1900). ''Seventeen Trips Through Somaliland and a Visit to Abyssinia''. p. 96.</ref> <blockquote>Taariikhda Abokor Muuse waa mid ku dhisan geesinimada dagaal, hal-abuurka suugaaneed, hoggaaminta dhaqameed iyo firfircoonida ganacsiga. Waxay qayb muhiim ah ka noqdeen halgankii diimeed ee Muslimiinta, nabadaynta bulshada Isaaq, iyo kobaca dhaqaalaha iyo dhaqanka gobolka—astaamo qeexaya kaalintooda qoto dheer ee taariikhda Soomaaliyeed.</blockquote> Sidoo kale, waxay leeyihiin tariikh soo jireen ah oo ku salaysan dhaqashada xoolaha, sida Geela, Adhiga iyo lo'da, iyadoo geelu uu yahay xoolahooda ugu muhiimsan ee noloshooda ku tiirsan yihiin isla markaana ay Aad u dhaqdaan. Dhaqashada xoolaha waxay ka tarjumaysa hodantinimada, hiddaha, iyo xirfadda ay bulshadu ku dhisantahay oo soo jireen ah. ===Baranches and Subclans=== Beesha Abokor Muuse waa beel ballaaran oo caan ku ah geesinimada iyo hiddaha soo jireenka ah, waxayna leedahay faracyo iyo laamo badan oo si dhaw isugu xidhan. Beeshan qiimaha leh waxay u kala baxdaa laamo waaweyn oo ay ka mid yihiin: ''[[Beesha Mohamed Dhimbil|Mohammed Dhimbil]]'', ''[[Ahmed Dhimbil]]'', ''[[Aden Abokor]]'', ''[[Muuse Dhimbil]]'' Faracyada ''[[Mohamoud Muuse]]'' iyo ''Abdalleh Muuse''. Laamaha Beesha ''Abdalleh Muuse'' ayaa iyaguna caan ku ah reero balaadhan ah sida ''Reer Aadan'', Reer ''Ali Abdi'', ''Reer Nuur'', ''Reer Benin'', ''Rer Gallab'', ''Reer Eiye'', iyo ''Mohamed Cabdille'', (kuwaas oo kala baxa ''Rer Dhibleh'' ,''Reer Cali'' iyo ''Reer Gubadleh''.) ; [[Shaxda beesha|Shaxda Beesha]] ===Saltanate of Abokor Musa=== Beesha Abokor Muuse waxay caan ku tahay hoggaamin, halgan iyo ilaalinta dhaqanka. Intii taariikhdu xusuusato, beeshani waxay lahayd taliyaal dhaqameed oo ka kala socday laamaha iyo faracyada beesha, kuwaas oo door weyn ku lahaa xallinta khilaafaadka, ilaalinta nidaamka bulshada, iyo kordhinta midnimada beesha dhexdeeda. Suldaanada, boqorrada iyo ugaasyada ka soo jeeda Abokor Muuse waxay ahaayeen hogaamiyayaal caan ah, kuwaas oo isku darsaday garaad, geesinimo, iyo karti ciidan. Markay timaaddo dirir ama dagaal, waxay ahaayeen abaanduulayaal dagaal oo hoggaamiya ciidamo si abaabulan u dagaallama. Halka marka nabaddu timaaddo, ay noqdaan odayaal dhaqameed oo hagaya bulshada dhinaca garsoorka, dhaqanka, iyo isku duubnida. ==Distribution== Beesha Abokor Muuse waxay si ballaaran u daganyihiin magaalada Hargeysa, gaar ahaan koofurta iyo galbeedka caasimadda. Xaafadaha ay si rasmi ah u deggan yihiin waxaa ka mid ah ''Calaamadaha'' , oo ay kala Qaybiso Wadada Halbawlaha ee ''Airport Road (Wadada Madaarka Egal)'', iyo xaafadaha Masalaha ( Siirooga galbeedkiisa), ''Jameecada'', iyo qaybo ka mid ah Xaafadda ''October''. Meelahan ayaa ka mid ah deegaannada taariikhiga ah ee ay beesha si xooggan ugu xidhan tahay. Marka laga sii gudbo gudaha magaalada, Abokor Muuse waxay degaan ''Qoolcaday'',''Toon'', magaalada ''Salahley'', iyo tuulooyinka u dhow ilaa ''Ina-Guxaa'', oo ah xuduudda u dhaxaysa Somaliland iyo Ethiopia. Deegaannadan ayaa loo arkaa in ay yihiin laf-dhabarta beesha ee dhulka Somaliland, maadaama ay yihiin goobaha ay ku badan yihiin beelaha reer guuraaga ah iyo xoolo-dhaqatada beesha. Dhinaca kale, beesha Abokor Muuse waxay si ballaaran uga deggan yihiin Dalka Itoobiya , halkaas oo ay ku leeyihiin magaalooyin iyo tuulooyin badan. Magaalooyinka ugu waaweyn ee ay degaan waxaa ka mid ah ''Bisad'', ''Abokor'', ''Egal Addani'', iyo ''Iskoyska'', halka ay sidoo kale ku nool yihiin deegaannada u dhow Dooxada ''Galool-Fadhiidh.'' Meelahan ayaa xiriir dhow la leh magaalada Awarre, taas oo ah xarun muhiim ah oo ka tirsan gobolka. Isku soo wada duuboo, beesha Abokor Muuse waxay degaan dhul aad u ballaaran oo ku kala yaalla labada dhinac ee xuduudda Somaliland iyo Itoobiya, iyagoo leh isku xirnaan dhaqan, deegaan, iyo taariikh wadaag ah oo soo jireen ah. ==Clan tree== A summarised clan family tree of the major subclans of Abokor Musa, is presented below: {{Tree list}} *Daoud (Eidagalle) ***'''Abokor''' (Saleiban) ****Salieban Abokor *****Mohammad Salieban ******Saleiban Mohamed *******Yousuf Saleiban ********Osman Yusuf ********Said Yusuf ********Mohamed Yusuf *******Arralleh Saleiban ********Ali Arralle ********Saleiban Arralle *********Abokor Saleiban **********Abdalleh Abokor ***********Saleiban Abdalle ************Osman Saleiban *************Wa'eys Osman *************Mahamoud Wais *************Arralleh Wais *************Hussein wais **********Saleiban Abokor ***********Warfa Saleiban ***********Arrale Saleiban ***********Farah Saleiban ***********Mahamoud Saleiban **********Ibrahim Abokor ***********Mohamed Ibrahim ************Jibril Mohamed ************Salah Mohamed *************Osman Salah **************Abokor Osman ***************Hassan Abokor ****************Muuse Hassan ****************Laqshe Hassan ****************Basiralle Hassan ****************Dhimbil Hassan *****************'''Mohammed Dhimbil''' ******************Mucawiye Mohamed (Rer Mucawie) ******************Fatah Mohamed (Rer Fatah) ******************Gulled Mohamed (Rer Guled) ******************Musa Mohamed *******************Adawe Muuse (Rer Adawe) *******************Aden Muuse (Rer Aden) *****************'''Muuse Dhimbil''' ******************Abdalle Muse *******************Muse Abdalle ********************Mahamoud Muuse *********************Shirdon Mohamoud *********************Hildiid Mohamoud **********************Ali Hildiid **********************Geedi Hildiid **********************Hersi Hildiid ********************Abdalleh Muuse *********************Jibirl Abdalle **********************Saeed Jibril ***********************Abdi Said ************************Salah Abdi ************************Roble Abdi **********************Hersi Jibril ***********************Ahmed Hersi ***********************Abdalle Hersi **********************Kalil Jibirl (Rer kalil) ***********************Hersi Kalil ***********************Egal Kalil ***********************Wais Kalil ***********************Ali kalil ************************Said Ali ************************Koshin Ali ************************Arale Ali ************************Osman Ali ************************Guled Ali ************************Amare Ali ************************Boqorreh Ali **********************Aden Jibril (Rer Adan) ***********************Aden Mohamed ************************Benin Aden ************************Nour Aden ************************Ali Aden ************************Adan Aden **********************Abdi Jibril ***********************Ali Abdi ************************Yusuf Ali ************************Mumin Ali ************************Naleye Ali ************************Hussein Ali *************************Abdalle Hussien *************************Mohamed Hussien *************************Nour Hussein *************************Jama Hussien **************************Hassan Jama **************************Aden Jama **************************Guled Jama ***********************Nour Abdi (Rer Nuur) ************************Ismail Nour ************************Hersi Nour ************************Gabal Nour ************************Mohamed Nour ***********************Benin Abdi (Rer Benin) ************************Naleye Benin ************************Ahmed Benin ************************Hersi Benin ************************Warfa Benin ************************Samter Benin ************************Abdi Benin ************************Fatah Benin ************************Aden Benin ************************Dirie Benin ************************Farah Benin ************************Dahir Benin ************************Arale Benin ************************Guled Benin ************************Shirwa Benin ************************Abane Benin ************************Abdille Benin ************************Yusuf Benin ************************Arale Benin ************************Roble Benin ************************Osman Benin ***********************Abdille Abdi ************************Gallab Abdille (Rer Gallab) *************************Ismail Gallab *************************Asker Gallab ***********************Eiae Abdille (Rer Eiye) ************************Gulled Eiye ************************Sharmake Eiye ***********************Mohamed Abdille ************************Ahmed Mohamed *************************Samter Ahmed *************************Ziyad Ahmed *************************Mayle Ahmed *************************Elmi Ahmed *************************Warfa Ahmed *************************Geedi Ahmed *************************Amanle Ahmed *************************Food Ahmed *************************Roble Ahmed *************************Ainanshe Ahmed *************************Wais Ahmed *************************Dhible Ahmed (Rer Dhibleh) **************************Ismail Dhible **************************Barre Dhible *************************Ali Ahmed (Rer Ali) *************************Gubadleh Ahmed (Rer Gubadleh) **************************Derie Gubadleh (Rer Dirie) **************************Boqorre Gubdleh (Rer Boqorreh) ******************'''Ahmed Dhimbil''' ********************Musa Ahmed ********************Osman Ahmed ********************Liban Ahmed *********************Abdi Liban **********************Ismail Abdi (Rer Ismail) **********************Mohammed Abdi ***********************Sarar Mohamed ***********************Ahmed Mohamed **********'''Aden Abokor''' *************Awal Aden (Rer Cawl) **************Mahamoud Awal **************Hussien Awal **************Farah Awal **************Abdi Awal *************Hassan Aden **************Ziyad Hassan **************Odawa Hasaan **************Ladon Hassan **************Abdalle Hassan ***************Ali Abdalle ***************Abdi Abdalle ***************Ahmed Abdalle ****************Halas Ahmed (Rer Halas) ****************Egal Ahmed (Rer Egal) ****************Geedi Ahmed (Rer Gheedi) {{tree list/end}} ==Notable figures== * Mahamoud Ismail Gabush – Is a scholar, an Air Force engineer, and a respected military leader * Mohamed Mooge Liibaan – prominent Somali instrumentalist, vocalist, and poet. * Mohamoud Guure Husien (Gaal-Eri) – Was a key Somali political figure who led the SNM office in France and was responsible for Somalia’s foreign strategic policy during the Ogaden War. *Aden Mohamed Guhad (Aden Walli) – He was a Colonel and the Commander of Internal Security of the (SNM), noted for his strategic leadership. * Ahmed Mooge Liibaan – prominent Somali musician and singer * Suldan Aden S.Farah.S.Omar –Respected traditional holder. *Ugahz Mohamed Abdille Ahmed, a clan elder (Ughaz) and respected traditional figure. * Ahmed Mohamed Diriye (Toorno) – Former Minister of Education and planning * Gen.Mohamed Osman Aalin (Dayib)– Father of Somaliland Immigration border * Hussein Mohamed Mohamoud – Former Minister of Health * Suldan Osman Baane –traditional leader * Abdikarem Hikmawi – Is Author, literally scholar and Activist * Mohamed Badel – was a poet, politician, and university lecturer. * Abdishakur Roble Ali– is a senior military leader in Somaliland. * Nadir Yusuf – Politician and Member for Federal Parliament of Ethiopia * Abwan Harir Osman Guray – Well-known Somali peot * Almis Omar Zakrie – Activist and Politiciancurrent mayor of Hargeisa city * Ughaz Ali-Abdi – A revered clan elder (Ugaas) and highly respected traditional leader. * Yusuf Saeed Elmi – Poet and politician * Hussein Habane - is a Lieutenant in the Somaliland Coast Guard * Shiekh Harreed – Scholar and Religious leader * Kol Ibrahim Koodbuur – Revered Somali SNM commander and freedom fighter, known for his unmatched courage and sacrifice in the struggle against dictatorship * Guled Bihi Abdi – Politician and Member for Federal Parliament of Somalia * Khalid Foodhaadhi – Multi-Award-Winnnig Journalist ==Tixraac== {{Reflist}} 889nrpws8xf0ti44bfu63qq7cm86vnj 0 40948 300637 297030 2026-07-03T11:05:41Z ~2026-38005-57 46329 300637 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Reer Mahad''' ([[Af Soomaali|Af-Somali]]: Majeerteen: Cumar Maxamuud Reer Mahad) waa beel [[Soomaaliyeed]] oo ka tirsan laanta [[Cumar maxamuudd|Cumar Maxamuud]] ee Majeerteen. Beeshan badanaa waxaa laga helaa magaalooyinka [[Mudug]] iyo [[Nugaal]], gaar ahaan magaalada [[Gaalkacyo]] iyo sidoo kale [[Kismaayo]]. Waa beel taariikhi ah oo noqotay beeshii ugu awooda weyneyd beelaha soomaliyed. {{Infobox ethnic group | group = REE MAHAD | native_name = Carabi iyo Somali | native_name_lang =Qabilada la dhashay | regions = [[Mudug]] iyo [[nugaal]] | languages =Somali | religions = [[Islam]] | related_groups =Ilma farax shirwac sida rer khalaf rer xirsi rer warsame farah }} ==Sidoo kale eeg== *Majeerteen *Saleebaan *Maxamuud *Cumar *Isaaq *Cabdulle *Jibriil *Cigalle *shirwac *Faarax *REE MAHAD ** Magan mahad ** Kooshin Mahad ** warfaa mahad ** Maxamuud Mahad ** Jama Mahad ** Guleed Mahad ** Xasan Mahad ** Axmed Mahad ** yuusuf mahad ** Maxamed mahad *** Faarax maxamed mahad *** Cumar Maxamed mahad *** Faqi Cismaan Maxamed mahad *** Xasan Maxamed mahad *** Maxamud maxamed mahad *** Cigaal Maxamed mahad ** Aadan mahad ***Hasan Aadan mahad *** Hirsi Aadan Mahad *** Omar Aadan Mahad *** Guleid Aadan mahad d1fih2csvlt1ftscv97nuooyczlodwj 0 48466 300642 300613 2026-07-03T11:26:51Z ~2026-37942-30 46330 300642 wikitext text/x-wiki <nowiki>#</nowiki>REDIRECTED [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winston_Churchill?wprov=sfla1 Winston Churchill] '''Mudane Fiinstoon Liionaard Spiinsir Shuurshiil (30 Nofeembar 1874 - 24 Jannayo 1963) wuxuu ahaa [[Siyaasi]] [[Ingiriis (Dad)|Ingiriis]] ah, sarkaal militari, iyo qoraa kaasoo ahaa [[Ra'iisul wasaare|Ra'iisul Wasaaraha]] [[[[Boqortooyada Midowday]]|Boqortooyada Ingiriiska]] laga bilaabo 1940 ilaa 1945, intii lagu jiray [[Dagaalkii Labaad ee Aduunka|Dagaalkii 2aad]] ee Adduunka, iyo mar kale laga bilaabo 1951 ilaa 1955. Muddo 62 sano ah .''' gp7fb4z0vdcohrp7azdx3wwjxmdjsfg 300643 300642 2026-07-03T11:30:16Z ~2026-37942-30 46330 /* */ 300643 wikitext text/x-wiki <nowiki>#</nowiki>DIB U JIHI [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winston_Churchill?wprov=sfla1 Fiinstoon Shuurshiil] '''Mudane Fiinstoon Liionaard Spiinsir Shuurshiil (30 Nofeembar 1874 - 24 Jannayo 1963) wuxuu ahaa [[Siyaasi]] [[Ingiriis (Dad)|Ingiriis]] ah, sarkaal militari, iyo qoraa kaasoo ahaa [[Ra'iisul wasaare|Ra'iisul Wasaaraha]] [[[[Boqortooyada Midowday]]|Boqortooyada Ingiriiska]] laga bilaabo 1940 ilaa 1945, intii lagu jiray [[Dagaalkii Labaad ee Aduunka|Dagaalkii 2aad]] ee Adduunka, iyo mar kale laga bilaabo 1951 ilaa 1955. Muddo 62 sano ah .''' ptsnjuz1jrjyr896w0srd7u885yefjl 300644 300643 2026-07-03T11:32:00Z Videoiib7 46243 Fixed grammar 300644 wikitext text/x-wiki <nowiki>#</nowiki>DIB U JIHI [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winston_Churchill?wprov=sfla1 Fiinstoon Shuurshiil] '''Mudane Fiinstoon Liionaard Spiinsir Shuurshiil ([[30]] [[Nofeembar]] 1874 - [[24]] [[Janaayo]] 1963) wuxuu ahaa [[Siyaasi]] [[Ingiriis (Dad)|Ingiriis]] ah, sarkaal militari, iyo qoraa kaasoo ahaa [[Ra'iisul wasaare|Ra'iisul Wasaaraha]] [[Boqortooyada Midowday|Boqortooyada Ingiriiska]] laga bilaabo 1940 ilaa 1945, intii lagu jiray [[Dagaalkii Labaad ee Aduunka|Dagaalkii 2aad]] ee Adduunka, iyo mar kale laga bilaabo 1951 ilaa 1955. Muddo 62 sano ah .''' a7r4wl3h8alhsvoijkvzj5pbo59mp96 300647 300644 2026-07-03T11:35:59Z Videoiib7 46243 Fixed grammar 300647 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mudane Fiinstoon Liionaard Spiinsir Shuurshiil ([[30]] [[Nofeembar]] 1874 - [[24]] [[Janaayo]] 1963) wuxuu ahaa [[Siyaasi]] [[Ingiriis (Dad)|Ingiriis]] ah, sarkaal militari, iyo qoraa kaasoo ahaa [[Ra'iisul wasaare|Ra'iisul Wasaaraha]] [[Boqortooyada Midowday|Boqortooyada Ingiriiska]] laga bilaabo 1940 ilaa 1945, intii lagu jiray [[Dagaalkii Labaad ee Aduunka|Dagaalkii 2aad]] ee Adduunka, iyo mar kale laga bilaabo 1951 ilaa 1955. Muddo 62 sano ah .''' 6czslcqs05pem2rs0ssrqqwa2ey9rpq 300648 300647 2026-07-03T11:37:37Z Videoiib7 46243 300648 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Sir_Winston_Churchill_-_19086236948.jpg|thumb]] '''Mudane Fiinstoon Liionaard Spiinsir Shuurshiil ([[30]] [[Nofeembar]] 1874 - [[24]] [[Janaayo]] 1963) wuxuu ahaa [[Siyaasi]] [[Ingiriis (Dad)|Ingiriis]] ah, sarkaal militari, iyo qoraa kaasoo ahaa [[Ra'iisul wasaare|Ra'iisul Wasaaraha]] [[Boqortooyada Midowday|Boqortooyada Ingiriiska]] laga bilaabo 1940 ilaa 1945, intii lagu jiray [[Dagaalkii Labaad ee Aduunka|Dagaalkii 2aad]] ee Adduunka, iyo mar kale laga bilaabo 1951 ilaa 1955. Muddo 62 sano ah .''' l9decfa734k217pxj5i09zyw09fxpva 300649 300648 2026-07-03T11:40:27Z Videoiib7 46243 Fixed grammar 300649 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Sir_Winston_Churchill_-_19086236948.jpg|thumb]] {{Short description|Nin Dowladnimo ah iyo Ra'iisul Wasaaraha Ingiriiska}} '''Mudane Fiinstoon Liionaard Spiinsir Shuurshiil ([[30]] [[Nofeembar]] 1874 - [[24]] [[Janaayo]] 1963) wuxuu ahaa [[Siyaasi]] [[Ingiriis (Dad)|Ingiriis]] ah, sarkaal militari, iyo qoraa kaasoo ahaa [[Ra'iisul wasaare|Ra'iisul Wasaaraha]] [[Boqortooyada Midowday|Boqortooyada Ingiriiska]] laga bilaabo 1940 ilaa 1945, intii lagu jiray [[Dagaalkii Labaad ee Aduunka|Dagaalkii 2aad]] ee Adduunka, iyo mar kale laga bilaabo 1951 ilaa 1955. Muddo 62 sano ah .''' rf1s15sdztxvztz6uahk2bjl1m2azbd 0 48476 300617 2026-07-03T10:10:23Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 300617 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox river | name = Webiga Klaas Smits | native_name = | native_name_lang = | name_other = Klaas Smitsrivier | name_etymology = <!---------------------- IMAGE & MAP --> | image = | image_size = | image_caption = | map = | map_size = | map_caption = | pushpin_map = South Africa | pushpin_map_size = | pushpin_map_caption= Goobta uu ku yaal afka Webiga Klaas Smits <!---------------------- LOCATION --> | subdivision_type1 = Dalka | subdivision_name1 = [[South Africa|Koonfur Afrika]] | subdivision_type2 = | subdivision_name2 = | subdivision_type3 = [[Provinces of South Africa|Gobolka]] | subdivision_name3 = [[Eastern Cape Province|Gobolka Eastern Cape]] | subdivision_type4 = | subdivision_name4 = | subdivision_type5 = | subdivision_name5 = <!---------------------- PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS --> | length = {{convert|40|km|mi|abbr=on}} | width_min = | width_avg = | width_max = | depth_min = | depth_avg = | depth_max = | discharge1_location= | discharge1_min = | discharge1_avg = | discharge1_max = <!---------------------- BASIN FEATURES --> | source1 = [[Stormberg District|Stormberg]] | source1_location = Waxay u dhowdahay [[Molteno, Eastern Cape|Molteno]], [[Eastern Cape]], [[South Africa|Koonfur Afrika]] | source1_coordinates= | source1_elevation = {{convert|1800|m|abbr=on}} | source_confluence = [[Swart-Kei River|Swart-Kei]] / [[Wit-Kei River|Wit-Kei]] | source_confluence_location = | source_confluence_coordinates= | source_confluence_elevation = | mouth = Ku biirista [[Black Kei River]] | mouth_location = | mouth_coordinates = {{coord|32|01|44|S|26|56|0|E|display=inline,title}} | mouth_elevation = {{convert|1003|m|abbr=on}} | progression = | river_system = | basin_size = | tributaries_left = [[Komani River|Webiga Komani]] | tributaries_right = | custom_label = | custom_data = | extra = }} '''Webiga Klaas Smits''' ({{langx|af|Klaas Smitsrivier}}) waa webi ka tirsan nidaamka [[Great Kei River|Webiga Great Kei]] ee ku yaal [[Eastern Cape]], [[South Africa|Koonfur Afrika]]. Wuxuu ka bilaawdaa koonfurta [[Molteno, Eastern Cape|Molteno]] wuxuuna dhex maraa [[Sterkstroom]], isagoo marka hore u socda dhanka koonfureed ka dibna dhanka koonfur-bari ka hor inta uusan ku biirin [[Black Kei River|Webiga Black Kei]]. Waqtigan xaadirka ah Webiga Klaas Smits wuxuu ka tirsan yahay [[Mzimvubu to Keiskama Water Management Area|Aagga Maamulka Biyaha ee Mzimvubu ilaa Keiskama]].<ref>[http://www.scielo.org.za/scielo.php?pid=S1816-79502009000500018&script=sci_arttext Is there a role for traditional governance systems in South Africa's new water management regime?]</ref> [[Komani River|Webiga Komani]] waa laan ka tirsan Klaas Smits, wuxuuna kaga soo biiraa dhanka bangiga bidix 5&nbsp;km koonfurta [[Queenstown, Eastern Cape|Queenstown]]. Dooxada webigan waxay aragtay dhaqdhaqaaqyo badan oo koohoho hubaysan ah intii uu socday [[Second Boer War|Dagaalkii Labaad ee Boer]].<ref>Deneys Reitz, ''Commando: A Boer Journal of the Boer War'', Kessinger Publishing, LLC, {{ISBN|978-1417925841}}</ref> == Eeg pudu == *[[Great Kei River]] *[[List of rivers of South Africa|Liiska webiyada Koonfur Afrika]] ==Tixraac== {{Reflist}} ==Xiriirinta dibadda== *[http://samilitaryhistory.org/vol131rs.html The South African Military History Society - Military History Journal Vol 13 No 1] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20070928050034/http://www.environment.gov.za/soer/estuary/catch/greatkei.html SA Estuarine Land-cover: Great Kei Catchment] fp1kt3f39gfiaa5evr1ds4ebqg4262a 0 48477 300618 2026-07-03T10:12:48Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 300618 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox river | name = Webiga Black Kei | native_name = | native_name_lang = | name_other = Swart-Keirivier | name_etymology = Waxay ka timid ''kei'', oo ah ereyga loo isticmaalo "biyaha" ee [[Khoekhoe language|Luqadda Khoekhoe]] <!---------------------- IMAGE & MAP --> | image = | image_size = | image_caption = | map = | map_size = | map_caption = | pushpin_map = South Africa | pushpin_map_size = | pushpin_map_caption= Goobta uu ku yaal afka Webiga Black Kei <!---------------------- LOCATION --> | subdivision_type1 = Dalka | subdivision_name1 = [[South Africa|Koonfur Afrika]] | subdivision_type2 = | subdivision_name2 = | subdivision_type3 = [[Provinces of South Africa|Gobolka]] | subdivision_name3 = [[Eastern Cape Province|Gobolka Eastern Cape]] | subdivision_type4 = | subdivision_name4 = | subdivision_type5 = | subdivision_name5 = <!---------------------- PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS --> | length = | width_min = | width_avg = | width_max = | depth_min = | depth_avg = | depth_max = | discharge1_location= | discharge1_min = | discharge1_avg = | discharge1_max = <!---------------------- BASIN FEATURES --> | source1 = [[Stormberg District|Stormberg]] | source1_location = [[Eastern Cape]], [[South Africa|Koonfur Afrika]] | source1_coordinates= | source1_elevation = {{convert|1500|m|abbr=on}} | source_confluence = [[Swart-Kei River|Swart-Kei]] / [[Wit-Kei River|Wit-Kei]] | source_confluence_location = | source_confluence_coordinates= | source_confluence_elevation = | mouth = Ku biirista [[White Kei River|Webiga White Kei]] | mouth_location = | mouth_coordinates = {{coord|32|13|34|S|27|30|36|E|display=inline,title}} | mouth_elevation = {{convert|540|m|abbr=on}} | progression = | river_system = | basin_size = | tributaries_left = [[Klaas Smits River|Webiga Klaas Smits]] | tributaries_right = [[Klipplaat River|Webiga Klipplaat]] | custom_label = | custom_data = | extra = }} '''Webiga Black Kei''' wuxuu ka bilaawdaa koonfur-galbeed [[Queenstown, Eastern Cape|Queenstown]], wuxuuna aakhirka ku biiraa [[White Kei River|Webiga White Kei]], si uu u noqdo [[Great Kei River|Webiga Great Kei]]. Dhowr tuulo ayaa ku yaal hareerihiisa, kuwaas oo ay ka mid yihiin Tuulada McBride, Qabi, Ntabelanga, [[Thornhill, Tsolwana|Thornhill]], Loudon, Mitford, [[Basoto, Tsolwana|Basoto]], [[Baccle's Farm]] iyo [[Tentergate]].<ref>{{Citation |title=South Africa (Republic) - Animals & Animal Welfare |url=https://referenceworks.brill.com/doi/10.1163/2213-2996_flg_COM_172012 |access-date=2026-06-22 |language=en |doi=10.1163/2213-2996_flg_COM_172012}}</ref> Miyir-biyeedka [[Thrift Dam]] waa kaydkiisa kaliya ee muhiimka ah. Waqtigan xaadirka ah webigan wuxuu ka tirsan yahay [[Mzimvubu to Keiskama Water Management Area|Aagga Maamulka Biyaha ee Mzimvubu ilaa Keiskama]].<ref>[http://www.scielo.org.za/scielo.php?pid=S1816-79502009000500018&script=sci_arttext Is there a role for traditional governance systems in South Africa's new water management regime?]</ref> Qaybihiisa kore waxay sameeyaan xadka galbeed ee [[Tsolwana Nature Reserve|Hagaaga Deegaanka ee Tsolwana]], intii lagu guda jiray bartamihii 1800-meeyadii, Black Kei iyo laantiisa Klipplaat waxay sameeyeen xadka waqooyi ee [[British Kaffraria]]. Webiyada [[Klaas Smits River|Klaas Smits]] iyo [[Klipplaat River|Klipplaat]] waa laamihiisa ugu muhiimsan.<ref>[http://www.dwaf.gov.za/iwqs/rhp/eco/FROC/WMA12MzimvubuKeiskamma.jpg Mizimbuvu to Keiskamma WMA 12]</ref> == Eeg pudu == *[[Great Kei River]] * [[List of rivers of South Africa|Liiska webiyada Koonfur Afrika]] ==Tixraac== <references /> ==Xiriirinta dibadda== *[https://web.archive.org/web/20041227041011/http://www.environment.gov.za/soer/estuary/catch/greatkei.html SA Estuarine Land-cover: Great Kei Catchment] *[http://www.wildcoast.co.za/node/112 Towns of historical interest in the 'kei] 1pghhz5v6qzys5yndvuxh70smqyi03z 300619 300618 2026-07-03T10:13:37Z Isma4l 41797 /* Eeg sidoo ka */ 300619 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox river | name = Webiga Black Kei | native_name = | native_name_lang = | name_other = Swart-Keirivier | name_etymology = Waxay ka timid ''kei'', oo ah ereyga loo isticmaalo "biyaha" ee [[Khoekhoe language|Luqadda Khoekhoe]] <!---------------------- IMAGE & MAP --> | image = | image_size = | image_caption = | map = | map_size = | map_caption = | pushpin_map = South Africa | pushpin_map_size = | pushpin_map_caption= Goobta uu ku yaal afka Webiga Black Kei <!---------------------- LOCATION --> | subdivision_type1 = Dalka | subdivision_name1 = [[South Africa|Koonfur Afrika]] | subdivision_type2 = | subdivision_name2 = | subdivision_type3 = [[Provinces of South Africa|Gobolka]] | subdivision_name3 = [[Eastern Cape Province|Gobolka Eastern Cape]] | subdivision_type4 = | subdivision_name4 = | subdivision_type5 = | subdivision_name5 = <!---------------------- PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS --> | length = | width_min = | width_avg = | width_max = | depth_min = | depth_avg = | depth_max = | discharge1_location= | discharge1_min = | discharge1_avg = | discharge1_max = <!---------------------- BASIN FEATURES --> | source1 = [[Stormberg District|Stormberg]] | source1_location = [[Eastern Cape]], [[South Africa|Koonfur Afrika]] | source1_coordinates= | source1_elevation = {{convert|1500|m|abbr=on}} | source_confluence = [[Swart-Kei River|Swart-Kei]] / [[Wit-Kei River|Wit-Kei]] | source_confluence_location = | source_confluence_coordinates= | source_confluence_elevation = | mouth = Ku biirista [[White Kei River|Webiga White Kei]] | mouth_location = | mouth_coordinates = {{coord|32|13|34|S|27|30|36|E|display=inline,title}} | mouth_elevation = {{convert|540|m|abbr=on}} | progression = | river_system = | basin_size = | tributaries_left = [[Klaas Smits River|Webiga Klaas Smits]] | tributaries_right = [[Klipplaat River|Webiga Klipplaat]] | custom_label = | custom_data = | extra = }} '''Webiga Black Kei''' wuxuu ka bilaawdaa koonfur-galbeed [[Queenstown, Eastern Cape|Queenstown]], wuxuuna aakhirka ku biiraa [[White Kei River|Webiga White Kei]], si uu u noqdo [[Great Kei River|Webiga Great Kei]]. Dhowr tuulo ayaa ku yaal hareerihiisa, kuwaas oo ay ka mid yihiin Tuulada McBride, Qabi, Ntabelanga, [[Thornhill, Tsolwana|Thornhill]], Loudon, Mitford, [[Basoto, Tsolwana|Basoto]], [[Baccle's Farm]] iyo [[Tentergate]].<ref>{{Citation |title=South Africa (Republic) - Animals & Animal Welfare |url=https://referenceworks.brill.com/doi/10.1163/2213-2996_flg_COM_172012 |access-date=2026-06-22 |language=en |doi=10.1163/2213-2996_flg_COM_172012}}</ref> Miyir-biyeedka [[Thrift Dam]] waa kaydkiisa kaliya ee muhiimka ah. Waqtigan xaadirka ah webigan wuxuu ka tirsan yahay [[Mzimvubu to Keiskama Water Management Area|Aagga Maamulka Biyaha ee Mzimvubu ilaa Keiskama]].<ref>[http://www.scielo.org.za/scielo.php?pid=S1816-79502009000500018&script=sci_arttext Is there a role for traditional governance systems in South Africa's new water management regime?]</ref> Qaybihiisa kore waxay sameeyaan xadka galbeed ee [[Tsolwana Nature Reserve|Hagaaga Deegaanka ee Tsolwana]], intii lagu guda jiray bartamihii 1800-meeyadii, Black Kei iyo laantiisa Klipplaat waxay sameeyeen xadka waqooyi ee [[British Kaffraria]]. Webiyada [[Klaas Smits River|Klaas Smits]] iyo [[Klipplaat River|Klipplaat]] waa laamihiisa ugu muhiimsan.<ref>[http://www.dwaf.gov.za/iwqs/rhp/eco/FROC/WMA12MzimvubuKeiskamma.jpg Mizimbuvu to Keiskamma WMA 12]</ref> == Eeg sidoo kale == *[[Great Kei River]] * [[List of rivers of South Africa|Liiska webiyada Koonfur Afrika]] ==Tixraac== <references /> ==Xiriirinta dibadda== *[https://web.archive.org/web/20041227041011/http://www.environment.gov.za/soer/estuary/catch/greatkei.html SA Estuarine Land-cover: Great Kei Catchment] *[http://www.wildcoast.co.za/node/112 Towns of historical interest in the 'kei] ogefiemq5qzeeg605wuh8en9bcye2js 0 48478 300620 2026-07-03T10:16:19Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 300620 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox river | name = Webiga Apies | native_name = | native_name_lang = | name_other = <!---------------------- IMAGE & MAP --> | image = South Africa-Pretoria Zoo-002.jpg | image_size = | image_caption = Webiga Apies halka uu dhex maro [[National Zoological Gardens of South Africa|Beerta Xayawaanka Qaranka ee Koonfur Afrika]] ee ku taal [[Pretoria]] <br>{{coord|-25.7334|28.1847 |format=dms |region:ZA_type:landmark}} | map = | map_size = | map_caption = | pushpin_map = South Africa | pushpin_map_size = | pushpin_map_caption= <!---------------------- LOCATION --> | subdivision_type1 = Dalka | subdivision_name1 = {{RSA}} | subdivision_type2 = Gobolka | subdivision_name2 = [[Gauteng]] | subdivision_type3 = | subdivision_name3 = | subdivision_type4 = | subdivision_name4 = | subdivision_type5 = | subdivision_name5 = <!---------------------- PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS --> | length = | width_min = | width_avg = | width_max = | depth_min = | depth_avg = | depth_max = | discharge1_location= | discharge1_min = | discharge1_avg = | discharge1_max = <!---------------------- BASIN FEATURES --> | source1 = | source1_location = [[Pretoria]], [[Gauteng]], [[South Africa|Koonfur Afrika]] | source1_coordinates= | source1_elevation = | mouth = [[Pienaars River|Webiga Pienaars]] | mouth_location = [[Gauteng]], [[South Africa|Koonfur Afrika]] | mouth_coordinates = {{coord|25|10|25|S|28|06|38|E|display=inline,title}} | mouth_elevation = | progression = | river_system = [[Pienaars River|Webiga Pienaars]] | basin_size = | tributaries_left = | tributaries_right = Walker Spruit | custom_label = | custom_data = | extra = }}__NOTOC__ '''Webiga Apies''' waa [[webi]] dhex mara magaalada [[Pretoria]], [[South Africa|Koonfur Afrika]]. Isha uu ka bilaawdo waxay ku taal meel xoogaa koonfur ka xigta magaalada (koonfurta Erasmus Park) wuxuuna u socdaa dhanka waqooyi ilaa uu ka ku biiro [[Pienaars River|Webiga Pienaars]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://soer.deat.gov.za/dm_documents/Gauteng_full_report_low_res_kKsoy_fk-nn.pdf|title=Gauteng State of the Environment Report 2004|publisher=[[Gauteng]] Provincial Government|page=4|accessdate=2009-01-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160121062050/http://soer.deat.gov.za/dm_documents/Gauteng_full_report_low_res_kKsoy_fk-nn.pdf|archive-date=2016-01-21|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ereyga "Apies" waa Af-Afrikaans oo loola jeedo daanyeerada yaryar, wuxuuna xiriir la leeyahay badnaantii taariikhiga ahayd ee [[vervet monkeys|daanyeerada cagaaran]] ee ku noolaan jiray hareeraha Webiga Apies.{{cn|date=March 2024}} Dadka ku hadla luqadda Nguni, ee loo yaqaan Ndebele, waxaa loo tixgeliyaa inay ahaayeen dadkii ugu horreeyay ee gartay in dooxada Webiga Apies ay ku habboon tahay meel deegaan laga samaysto. Dadka Ndebele waxay aaggaas kula kulmeen dadka reer guuraaga ah ee u dhashay deegaanka ee [[Khoisan]], kuwaas oo ay u bixiyeen abaTshwa (Dadka la Iska Indho-tiro). Dadka Ndebele waxay webiga u bixiyeen 'Tshwane' oo macnaheedu yahay 'Goobtii abaTshwa'. Waxaa kale oo lagu dooduu inay webiga magaciisa uga dambaysiyeen mid ka mid ah oday-dhaqameedyadoodii oo la oron jiray "Tshwane" kaas oo la rumeysan yahay in lagu aasay geedka [[Wonderboom (tree)|Wonderboom]] hoostiisa. Sidoo kale waxaa la soo jeediyay in 'Tshwane' ay tahay qaab khaldantay oo ka timid 'tshwene' oo ah ereyga loo isticmaalo daanyeerka ee luqadaha [[Sepedi|Sotho]] iyo [[Tswana language|Tswana]]. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, webiga waxaa weli lagu aqoonsan yahay magaciisii gumeysiga ee "Apies". Dawladda hoose ee ballaaran ee Pretoria ayaa hadda loo yaqaanaa Degmada Metropolitan-ka ee Tshwane. Webiga - ilaa xad weyn - waa mid la weeciyay oo la dhisay kanaalo, taas oo ka dhigtay inuu aad uga duwanaado qaabkii dabiiciga ahaa ee uu lahaa waagii hore. Hasa yeeshee, qaybta webiga ee u dhaxaysa Wonderboom Poort iyo Harada Bon Accord ma ahan mid kanaal lagu xiray.{{cn|date=March 2024}} Xaafadda [[Mamelodi]] waxay magaceeda ka keentay magaca webiga, iyadoo magaca oo buuxa uu yahay "Mamelodi ya Tshwane", oo macnaheedu yahay "Yeeriyaha Webiga Apies", waana naanays loo bixiyay [[Paul Kruger]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://africanlanguages.com/south_africa/place_names.html|title=Meanings of place names in South Africa|publisher=africanlanguages.com|accessdate=2009-01-27| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20090203163259/http://africanlanguages.com/south_africa/place_names.html| archivedate= 3 February 2009 | url-status= live}}</ref> == Biyo-xireennada == * [[Bon Accord Dam|Biyo-xireenka Bon Accord]] * [[Leeukraal Dam|Biyo-xireenka Leeukraal]] == Eeg sidoo kale== {{Portal|South Africa}} * [[List of rivers of South Africa|Liiska webiyada Koonfur Afrika]] * [[List of reservoirs and dams in South Africa|Liiska kaydadka biyaha iyo biyo-xireennada Koonfur Afrika]] == Tixraac == {{reflist}} ==Xiriirinta dibadda== *[http://www.dwaf.gov.za/iwqs/rhp/state_of_rivers/crocwestmarico_05/crocwestmarico_05_a4.pdf Overview of the Crocodile (West)/Marico Water Management Area] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180419184646/http://www.dwaf.gov.za/iwqs/rhp/state_of_rivers/crocwestmarico_05/crocwestmarico_05_a4.pdf |date=2018-04-19 }} 8f8amej5m7bmkykdc70kzptpidj37sg 0 48479 300621 2026-07-03T10:19:43Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 300621 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox river | name = Webiga Ash (As) | native_name = | native_name_lang = | name_other = | name_etymology = <!---------------------- IMAGE & MAP --> | image = Asrivier naby Saulspoortdam, Bethlehem, Vrystaat.jpg | image_size = | image_caption = | map = | map_size = | map_caption = | pushpin_map = South Africa | pushpin_map_size = | pushpin_map_caption= <!---------------------- LOCATION --> | subdivision_type1 = Dalka | subdivision_name1 = [[South Africa|Koonfur Afrika]] | subdivision_type2 = Gobolka | subdivision_name2 = [[Free State (South African province)|Free State]] | subdivision_type3 = | subdivision_name3 = | subdivision_type4 = | subdivision_name4 = | subdivision_type5 = | subdivision_name5 = <!---------------------- PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS --> | length = {{convert|50|km|mi|abbr=on}} | width_min = | width_avg = | width_max = | depth_min = | depth_avg = | depth_max = | discharge1_location= | discharge1_min = | discharge1_avg = {{convert|18|m3/s|cuft/s|abbr=on}} | discharge1_max = <!---------------------- BASIN FEATURES --> | source1 = | source1_location = | source1_coordinates= {{coord|28|30|38|S|28|21|47|E|display=inline}} | source1_elevation = {{convert|2160|m|abbr=on}} | mouth = | mouth_location = | mouth_coordinates = {{coord|28|16|36|S|28|22|22|E|display=inline,title}} | mouth_elevation = {{convert|1630|m|abbr=on}} | progression = | river_system = | basin_size = | tributaries_left = | tributaries_right = | custom_label = | custom_data = | extra = }} '''Webiga As''' (ama As River) waa laan ka tirsan [[Liebenbergsvlei River|Webiga Liebenbergsvlei]] ee ku yaal bariga gobolka [[Free State (province)|Free State]], [[South Africa|Koonfur Afrika]]. Tan iyo sannadkii 1968, waxaa ku xiray [[Sol Plaatje Dam|Biyo-xireenka Sol Plaatje]] (kaas oo markii hore loo yaqaanay: Biyo-xireenka Saulspoort) meesha uu uga biiro webiga dambe, ee wax yar bari ka xigta [[Bethlehem, Free State|Bethlehem]]. Isha uu ka bilaawdo waxay qiyaastii 35&nbsp;km koonfur-bari ka xigtaa Bethlehem, kuna taal jiidda waqooyi ee buuraha Rooiberge, meel dhow [[Clarens, Free State|Clarens]]. Markii la furay tunnelka waqooyi ee gaarsiinta biyaha ee mashruuca [[Lesotho Highlands Water Project]] sannadkii 1998, durdurkii markii hore yaraa wuxuu isu beddelay webi si xoog leh u socda.<ref name = vanwyk>{{cite book |last1=Van Wyk |first1=Francois |last2=du Preez |first2=Hein |title=The environmental impact of releases from Katse Dam on the Ash and Liebenbergsvlei Rivers |date=2004 |publisher=Water Institute of Southern Africa |location=WISA 2004 biennial conference and exhibition of the Water Institute of Southern Africa |isbn=1-920-01728-3 |pages=304–208 |url=http://www.ewisa.co.za/literature/files/140.pdf |accessdate=23 August 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924004615/http://www.ewisa.co.za/literature/files/140.pdf |archive-date=24 September 2015 |url-status=dead }}</ref> ==Gaarsiinta biyaha== [[File:Asrivieruitval, noord van Clarens, b.jpg|thumb|190px|left|Goobta laga sii daayo Webiga As ee mashruuca [[Lesotho Highlands Water Project]], oo ku taal 9 km waqooyiga [[Clarens, Free State|Clarens]], waxaana la furay 1998.]] Webiga As waa mid ka mid ah meelaha biyaha looga sii daayo mashruuca Lesotho Highlands Water Project.<ref name=katse>{{cite web|title=The story of Katse dam |url=http://www.golesotho.co.za/Katse%20Dam.html |website=The Highlands Journey - Lesotho |publisher=golesotho.co.za |accessdate=23 August 2015 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150215120941/http://www.golesotho.co.za/Katse%20Dam.html |archivedate=15 February 2015 }}</ref> Laga soo bilaabo sannadkii 2004, 18 mitir kuyuubik oo biyo ah ayaa la sii daynaayay ilbiriqis kasta,<ref name = vanwyk/> sidaas darteedna socodka webiga ma ahan mid isbeddela xilliyada sanadka.<ref name = wilkins/> Biyo-xireenka Stortemelk, oo ku yaal hoos u dhaca goobta biyaha laga sii daayo, wuxuu ahaa mid ka mid ah tillaabooyinkii ay qaadday waaxdii markaas jirtay ee [[Department of Water Affairs|Wasaaradda Arrimaha Biyaha]], si loo xasiliyo socodka biyaha loona xaddido nabaad-guurka.<ref name = wilkins/> Sannadkii 2004, afar biyo-xireenno yaryar ah ayaa la dhisay.<ref name= vanwyk/> ==Dhalinta korontada== Duwatan xarunood oo korontada biyaha laga dhaliyo oo ay leeyihiin shakhsiyaad gaar ah, oo kala ah [[Bethlehem Hydro|Sol Plaatje iyo Merino]], ayaa la hawlgaliyay sannadihii 2009 iyo 2012, waxayna wadajir u siiyaan shabakadda korontada wadar ahaan 7 [[Watt|MW]].<ref>{{cite web | title = Introduction | publisher = Bethlehem Hydro | url = http://www.bethlehemhydro.co.za/ | accessdate = 21 August 2015 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20151020005407/http://bethlehemhydro.co.za/ | archive-date = 20 October 2015 | url-status = dead | df = dmy-all }}</ref> Mashruuca Korontada Biyaha ee Stortemelk ee ku yaal Biyo-xireenka Botterkloof, kaas oo ah mid iswada oo u baahan dayactir yar, ayaa loogu talagalay inuu 4.4 MW oo dheeri ah ku daro shabakadda korontada, laga bilaabo Luulyo 2016.<ref name = wilkins>{{cite web | first = Blake | last = Wilkins | title = Unique contract does it for hydro delivery | publisher = Brooke Pattrick Publications | pages = 20–21 | date = February 2015 | url = http://www.myvirtualpaper.com/doc/brookepattrick/aej-february-2015-digital/2015020901/21.html#20 | accessdate = 21 August 2015 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170510103246/http://www.myvirtualpaper.com/doc/brookepattrick/aej-february-2015-digital/2015020901/21.html#20 | archive-date = 10 May 2017 | url-status = dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title = Stortemelk Hydropower Project, South Africa | publisher = Aurecon Projects | date = | url = http://www.aurecongroup.co.za/en/projects/energy/stortemelk-hydropower-project.aspx | accessdate = 21 August 2015 }}</ref> ==Saamaynta deegaanka== Furitaankii tunnelka waqooyi ee gaarsiinta biyaha ee sannadkii 1998 wuxuu isbeddel ku keenay qaabka jireed iyo kiimiko ee webiga, maadaama xaddiga biyuhu kordheen heerkulka biyuhuna hoos u dhacay, nabaad-guur ayaa ku dhacay marinka webiga, carro-gongor badanna waxay ku ururtay Biyo-xireenka Saulspoort.<ref name= vanwyk/> Tirada noocyada muhiimka ah ee kalluunka ee loo isticmaalo tilmaamayaasha sida [[Smallmouth yellowfish|kalluunka afka yar ee jaalaha ah]] iyo [[largemouth yellowfish|kalluunka afka weyn ee jaalaha ah]] ayaa hoos u dhacday, todoba ka mid ah sagaalka nooc ee kalluunka webiga ayaana ka xago-baxay agagaarka goobta biyaha laga sii daayo. Soo kabashada moolalka (invertebrates) waxaa la ogaaday oo kaliya dhowr kiiloomitir marka hoos loo raaco webiga, biyo-xireennada yaryarna waxay noqdeen kuwo aan waxtar lahayn marka biyaha lagu sii daayo xaddi sarreeya. Inkastoo deegaan badan uu weli diyaar yahay, haddana taranka noolaha biyaha ee webiga waxaa xaddidaya dhoobada biyaha, heerkulka biyaha oo hooseeya iyo awoodda nabaad-guurka ee webiga.<ref name= vanwyk/> ==Asalka magaca== Magacan inta badan waxaa si khaldan looga soo turjumaa luqadda [[Afrikaans]]-ka loona beddelaa Af-Ingiriisi iyadoo loo qorayo "Ash River" (Webiga Dambas). Si kastaba ha ahaatee, magacu wuxuu tixraacayaa faasalka ama dhexroorka gaariga looxda ah ([[Ox-wagon]]) kaas oo, sida ay sheegto sheeko-xariirtu, ku jabay webiga agtiisa (ereyga Afrikaans-ka ee faasalka gaariga waa "as"); sidaas darteed turjumaadda saxda ah waxay noqon lahayd "Axle River" (Webiga Faasalka), ee ma ahan "Ash River". ==Tixraac== {{reflist}} bwko2o5unlhaiv0mxtwmmbtw9z1dhd4 0 48480 300622 2026-07-03T10:21:44Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 300622 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox river | name = Webiga Assegaai | native_name = | native_name_lang = | name_other = Mkhondvo River | name_etymology = <!---------------------- IMAGE & MAP --> | image = | image_size = | image_caption = | map = | map_size = | map_caption = | pushpin_map = South Africa | pushpin_map_size = | pushpin_map_caption= <!---------------------- LOCATION --> | subdivision_type1 = Dalka | subdivision_name1 = [[South Africa|Koonfur Afrika]] | subdivision_type2 = Gobolka | subdivision_name2 = [[Mpumalanga]] | subdivision_type3 = | subdivision_name3 = | subdivision_type4 = | subdivision_name4 = | subdivision_type5 = | subdivision_name5 = <!---------------------- PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS --> | length = | width_min = | width_avg = | width_max = | depth_min = | depth_avg = | depth_max = | discharge1_location= | discharge1_min = | discharge1_avg = | discharge1_max = <!---------------------- BASIN FEATURES --> | source1 = | source1_location = | source1_coordinates= | source1_elevation = | mouth = | mouth_location = u dhow [[Sidvokodvo]], [[Manzini Region|Gobolka Manzini]], [[Swaziland|Eswatini]] | mouth_coordinates = {{coord|-27.2075|30.137778|display=inline,title}} | mouth_elevation = | progression = | river_system = | basin_size = | tributaries_left = | tributaries_right = | custom_label = | custom_data = | extra = }} '''Webiga Assegaai''', wuxuu ka bilaawdaa waqooyiga [[Wakkerstroom]], [[Mpumalanga]], [[South Africa|Koonfur Afrika]],<ref>{{cite web| title =Assegaai River| url =http://za.geoview.info/assegaai_river,179376725w| website =geoview.info| date = | accessdate =23 May 2015}}</ref> wuxuuna ku dhex qulqulaa [[Heyshope Dam|Biyo-xireenka Heyshope]], koonfur-bari ee [[Piet Retief, Mpumalanga|Piet Retief]]. Marka uu galo [[Eswatini]] waxaa loo yaqaanaa '''Webiga Mkhondvo''' wuxuuna dhex maraa buuraha isagoo sameeya [[Mahamba Gorge|Dooxada Mahamba]]. Eswatini dhexdeeda wuxuu u qulqulaa inta badan dhanka waqooyi-bari aakhirkana wuxuu ku biiraa [[Usutu River|Webiga Usutu]].<ref name="Water-report3">{{Cite book|editor-last=Ünver |editor-first=Olcay |year=2009 |chapter=Swaziland |title=The United Nations World Water Development Report 3: Facing the Challenges |location=London |publisher=Earthscan for World Water Assessment Programme, UNESCO |page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=SMLu48EuMA0C&pg=RA1-PA9 9] |isbn=978-1-84407-840-0}}</ref> Laamaha uu ka kooban yahay Assegaai waxaa ka mid ah [[Ngulane River|Webiga Ngulane]], [[Anysspruit]], [[Boesmanspruit]], iyo [[Klein Assegaai River|Webiga Klein Assegaai]]. ==Xog iyo tixraac== {{Reflist}} j5dcgii707iu17qaq2u3psv1pufaw69 0 48481 300623 2026-07-03T10:25:11Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 300623 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox river | name = Bamboes Spruit | native_name = | native_name_lang = | name_other = | name_etymology = <!---------------------- IMAGE & MAP --> | image = | image_size = | image_caption = | map = | map_size = | map_caption = | pushpin_map = South Africa | pushpin_map_size = | pushpin_map_caption= <!---------------------- LOCATION --> | subdivision_type1 = Dalka | subdivision_name1 = [[South Africa|Koonfur Afrika]] | subdivision_type2 = | subdivision_name2 = | subdivision_type3 = Gobolka | subdivision_name3 = [[North West Province, South Africa|North West]] | subdivision_type4 = | subdivision_name4 = | subdivision_type5 = | subdivision_name5 = <!---------------------- PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS --> | length = | width_min = | width_avg = | width_max = | depth_min = | depth_avg = | depth_max = | discharge1_location= | discharge1_min = | discharge1_avg = | discharge1_max = <!---------------------- BASIN FEATURES --> | source1 = | source1_location = [[North West Province, South Africa|Gobolka North West]] | source1_coordinates= {{coord|27|33|9|S|25|51|10|E|display=inline}} | source1_elevation = {{convert|1230|m|abbr=on}} | mouth = [[Vaal River|Webiga Vaal]] | mouth_location = [[Bloemhof Dam|Biyo-xireenka Bloemhof]] | mouth_coordinates = | mouth_elevation = | progression = | river_system = | basin_size = | tributaries_left = | tributaries_right = | custom_label = | custom_data = | extra = }} '''Bamboes Spruit''', oo sidoo kale loo yaqaano Bamboesspruit, waa [[webi]] ku yaal gobolka [[North West Province, South Africa|North West]] ee dalka [[South Africa|Koonfur Afrika]]. Waa laan ka tirsan [[Vaal River|Webiga weyn ee Vaal]], wuxuuna ku dhex shubmaa [[Bloemhof Dam|Biyo-xireenka Bloemhof]]. ==Eeg pudu== * [[List of reservoirs and dams in South Africa|Liiska kaydadka biyaha iyo biyo-xireennada Koonfur Afrika]] * [[List of rivers of South Africa|Liiska webiyada Koonfur Afrika]] == Tixraac == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110622074922/http://www.ewisa.co.za/misc/riverssa/defaultb.htm] laga helo e-wise * [http://www.dwaf.gov.za/iwqs/gis_apps/dam/dams/index.htm List of South African Dams] laga helo [[Department of Water Affairs and Forestry (South Africa)|Wasaaradda Arrimaha Biyaha iyo Duurjoorta (Koonfur Afrika)]] ney6sf42lwpjwdpjk0rbwpc2zx5bs4g 300624 300623 2026-07-03T10:25:26Z Isma4l 41797 300624 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox river | name = Bamboes Spruit | native_name = | native_name_lang = | name_other = | name_etymology = <!---------------------- IMAGE & MAP --> | image = | image_size = | image_caption = | map = | map_size = | map_caption = | pushpin_map = South Africa | pushpin_map_size = | pushpin_map_caption= <!---------------------- LOCATION --> | subdivision_type1 = Dalka | subdivision_name1 = [[South Africa|Koonfur Afrika]] | subdivision_type2 = | subdivision_name2 = | subdivision_type3 = Gobolka | subdivision_name3 = [[North West Province, South Africa|North West]] | subdivision_type4 = | subdivision_name4 = | subdivision_type5 = | subdivision_name5 = <!---------------------- PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS --> | length = | width_min = | width_avg = | width_max = | depth_min = | depth_avg = | depth_max = | discharge1_location= | discharge1_min = | discharge1_avg = | discharge1_max = <!---------------------- BASIN FEATURES --> | source1 = | source1_location = [[North West Province, South Africa|Gobolka North West]] | source1_coordinates= {{coord|27|33|9|S|25|51|10|E|display=inline}} | source1_elevation = {{convert|1230|m|abbr=on}} | mouth = [[Vaal River|Webiga Vaal]] | mouth_location = [[Bloemhof Dam|Biyo-xireenka Bloemhof]] | mouth_coordinates = | mouth_elevation = | progression = | river_system = | basin_size = | tributaries_left = | tributaries_right = | custom_label = | custom_data = | extra = }} '''Bamboes Spruit''', oo sidoo kale loo yaqaano Bamboesspruit, waa [[webi]] ku yaal gobolka [[North West Province, South Africa|North West]] ee dalka [[South Africa|Koonfur Afrika]]. Waa laan ka tirsan [[Vaal River|Webiga weyn ee Vaal]], wuxuuna ku dhex shubmaa [[Bloemhof Dam|Biyo-xireenka Bloemhof]]. ==Eeg sidoo kale== * [[List of reservoirs and dams in South Africa|Liiska kaydadka biyaha iyo biyo-xireennada Koonfur Afrika]] * [[List of rivers of South Africa|Liiska webiyada Koonfur Afrika]] == Tixraac == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110622074922/http://www.ewisa.co.za/misc/riverssa/defaultb.htm] laga helo e-wise * [http://www.dwaf.gov.za/iwqs/gis_apps/dam/dams/index.htm List of South African Dams] laga helo [[Department of Water Affairs and Forestry (South Africa)|Wasaaradda Arrimaha Biyaha iyo Duurjoorta (Koonfur Afrika)]] os26545j4g8d2ry2qlmxg0o1tkyzba5 0 48482 300625 2026-07-03T10:28:54Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 300625 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox dam | name = Biyo xireenka Vanderkloof | image = Vanderkloof Dam aerial.jpg | image_caption = | name_official = Vanderkloof Dam | dam_crosses = [[Orange River|Webiga Orange]] | res_name = Vanderkloof Dam Reservoir | location = U dhaxeeya [[Northern Cape]] iyo [[Free State (province)|Free State]] | country = [[South Africa|Koonfur Afrika]] | owner = [[Department of Water Affairs|Wasaaradda Arrimaha Biyaha]] | plant_operator = [[Eskom]] | dam_length = {{convert|756|m|abbr=on}}<ref name="dawf" /> | dam_height = {{convert|108|m|abbr=on}}<ref name="vanderkloofdam">{{cite web|url=http://www.vanderkloofdam.co.za/|title=Vanderkloof Dam|access-date=2009-05-27}}</ref> | dam_type = A | dam_width_base = | construction_began = 1973 | opening = 1977 | cost = | res_capacity_total = {{convert|3236|e6m3}}<ref name="dawf">{{cite web|url=http://www.dwaf.gov.za/orange/Mid_Orange/vanderkl.htm|title=Vanderkloof Dam|publisher=[[Department of Water Affairs and Forestry (South Africa)]]|access-date=2009-05-27}}</ref> | res_catchment = | res_surface = {{convert|133.402|km2|abbr=on}} | plant_turbines = 2 | plant_capacity = {{convert|240|MW|abbr=on}}<br />{{convert|360|MW|abbr=on}} (max) | plant_annual_gen = {{convert|932|GWh|abbr=on}}<ref>[http://www.eskom.co.za/c/article/48/vanderkloof-power-station/ Eskom website]</ref> | coordinates = {{coord|-29.99222|24.73167|region:ZA_type:landmark|display=inline,title}} | pushpin_map = South Africa Northern Cape#South Africa }} '''Biyo-xireenka Vanderkloof''' (markii hore loo yaqaanay Biyo-xireenkii [[P. K. Le Roux]]) wuxuu ku yaal qiyaastii {{convert|130|km|abbr=on}} dhanka hoose ee [[Gariep Dam|Biyo-xireenka Gariep]], waxaana ku shubma [[Orange River|Webiga Orange]], oo ah webiga ugu weyn Koonfur Afrika.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/oapen-20.500.12657-25307/page/197/mode/2up?q=%22vanderkloof+dam%22+%22berg+river%22 |title=South Africa’s water governance hydraulic mission (1912–2008) in a WEF-Nexus context |date=2018 |publisher=AOSIS (Pty) Ltd |editor-last=Van Aarde |editor-first=Andries |pages=198–200 |via=[[Internet Archive]]}}</ref> Biyo-xireenka Vanderkloof waa biyo-xireenka labaad ee ugu weyn Koonfur Afrika (dhanka baaxadda biyaha), wuxuuna leeyahay gidaarka biyo-xireen ee ugu sarreeya dalka kaas oo gaaraya {{convert|108|m}}. Biyo-xireenkan waxaa la hawlgaliyay sannadkii 1977; wuxuu qaadaa biyo xaddigoodu yahay {{convert|3187.557|e6m3|acre.ft}} wuxuuna leeyahay baaxad dhul oo gaaraysa {{convert|133.43|km2}} marka uu buuxo. Webiyada kale ee ku shubma biyo-xireenkan waxaa ka mid ah Webiga Berg, labo durdurrood oo aan magac lahayn oo ka yimaada dhanka [[Reebokrand]], [[Knapsak River|Webiga Knapsak]], [[Paaiskloofspruit]], [[Seekoei River|Webiga Seekoei]], [[Kattegatspruit]] iyo [[Hondeblaf River|Webiga Hondeblaf]], marka loo raaco dhanka wareegga saacadda.{{Citation needed|date=October 2025}} [[Vanderkloof|Magaalada VanderKloof]] waxaa laga dhisay dhanka bidix ee biyo-xireenka, iyadoo marinka weyn ee laga galo magaalada uu ku yaal meel xoogaa ka sarreysa gidaarka biyo-xireenka, waxaana ku yaal meelo loo dalxiis tago iyo jardiinooyin, sida [[Rolfontein Nature Reserve|Hagaaga Deegaanka ee Rolfontein]]. ([https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Rolfontein_Nature_Reserve Sawirrada Wiki Commons]) ==Eeg sidoo kale== {{stack|{{Portal|South Africa|Water|Renewable energy}}}} * [[List of reservoirs and dams in South Africa|Liiska kaydadka biyaha iyo biyo-xireennada Koonfur Afrika]] ==sawirro== <gallery mode="packed" heights="130"> File:VanderKloof Dam Wall 1.jpg| Muqaalka biyo-xireenka ee dhanka midig File:VanderKloofDamLookingLeftSide.jpg File:VanderKloofDamLookingLeftSideDownRiver.jpg File:VanderKloofDamLookingDownPanoramic.jpg File:VanderKloofDamLookingAcrossFromRight2.jpg File:VanderKloofDamLookingDownServicesTunnel.jpg File:VanderKloofDamLookingOverIt.jpg File:VanderKloofClose u from the right.jpg File:VanderKloofDamLookingDownPanoramic (2).jpg </gallery> == Tixraac == {{reflist}} == Xiriirinta dibadda == {{commons category}} * [http://www.vanderkloofdam.co.za/ Vanderkloof Dam] * [http://www.eskom.co.za/Whatweredoing/ElectricityGeneration/PowerStations/Pages/Vanderkloof_Power_Station.aspx Vanderkloof Power Station] ku yaal degelka [[Eskom]] {{Power in South Africa |state=expanded}} kaum99waxwl0oy5b4qz5730w7fj98oi 0 48483 300626 2026-07-03T10:32:57Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 300626 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox river | name = Webiga Bivane | native_name = | native_name_lang = | name_other = | name_etymology = Asalka magaca ma cadda, laga yaabee inay ka timid [[Zulu language|Luqadda Zulu]] ereyga ''imbavana'' ama ''impivane'', oo macnaheedu yahay 'waterbuck' (nooc ka mid ah deerada biyaha).<ref>[https://archive.org/stream/DictionaryOfSouthernAfricanPlaceNames/SaPlaceNames_djvu.txt Dictionary of Southern African Place Names]</ref> <!---------------------- IMAGE & MAP --> | image = Kruger Bridge - panoramio (2).jpg | image_size = | image_caption = | map = | map_size = | map_caption = | pushpin_map = South Africa | pushpin_map_size = | pushpin_map_caption= Goobta uu ku yaal afka Webiga Bivane <!---------------------- LOCATION --> | subdivision_type1 = Dalka | subdivision_name1 = [[South Africa|Koonfur Afrika]] | subdivision_type2 = | subdivision_name2 = | subdivision_type3 = | subdivision_name3 = | subdivision_type4 = | subdivision_name4 = | subdivision_type5 = | subdivision_name5 = <!---------------------- PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS --> | length = | width_min = | width_avg = | width_max = | depth_min = | depth_avg = | depth_max = | discharge1_location= | discharge1_min = | discharge1_avg = | discharge1_max = <!---------------------- BASIN FEATURES --> | source1 = [[Balelasberg]] | source1_location = Waqooyiga [[Utrecht, KwaZulu-Natal|Utrecht]] | source1_coordinates= | source1_elevation = {{convert|2100|m|abbr=on}} | mouth = [[Phongolo River|Webiga Phongolo]] | mouth_location = [[Kwazulu-Natal]], [[South Africa|Koonfur Afrika]] | mouth_coordinates = {{coord|27|26|33|S|31|12|30|E|display=inline,title}} | mouth_elevation = {{convert|480|m|abbr=on}} | progression = | river_system = | basin_size = | tributaries_left = | tributaries_right = | custom_label = | custom_data = | extra = }} '''Webiga Bivane''' (sidoo kale loo yaqaano '''Webiga Pivaan'''), oo ah laan kaga timaada dhanka bangiga midig [[Pongola River|Webiga Pongola]], wuxuu ku yaal waqooyiga [[KwaZulu-Natal]], [[South Africa|Koonfur Afrika]]. ==Halka uu maro== Isha rasmiga ah ee uu webigu ka bilaawdo waxay ka sarreysaa 2,000 m heerka badda ee dhulka sare ee waqooyiga [[Utrecht, KwaZulu-Natal|Utrecht]].<ref>[http://www.dwaf.gov.za/iwqs/rhp/eco/FROC/WMA6UsuthuMhlatuze.jpg Usuthu/Mhlatuze WMA 6]</ref> Wuxuu dhex maraa dhulal sare oo wareegsan oo ay ku yaallaan beeraha dhirta ee ganacsiga, wuxuuna marayaa buundada Kruger Bridge ee dhismihii 1898, ka hor int uusan gaarin Pivaansbad oo koonfur ka xigta [[Paulpietersburg]], halkaas oo ay ku yaallaan ilo biyo kulul iyo goobta dalxiiska ee Natal Spa. Dhanka hoose wuxuu galaa dhul furan laakiin buuro leh ilaa uu ka gaaro [[Bivane Dam|Biyo-xireenka Bivane]], halkaas oo ay ku yaallaan goobta dalxiiska ee Biyo-xireenka Bivane iyo aag deegaan dabiici ah oo baaxaddiisu tahay 2,000 ha. Biyo-xireenka ka dib webigu wuxuu galaa dhul aad u qalafsan, biyaha qaska ahna waa kuwo caan ku ah dadka dooomaha yaryar (canoes) wada, marka laga soo tago rafting-ka webiga. Aaggan wuxuu sidoo kale yahay barta laga bilaabo tartanka sannadlaha ah ee Ithala Challenge Canoe Marathon.<ref name="bivd">{{cite web |title=Bivane Dam |url=http://www.bivanedam.co.za/ |website=Bivane Dam |accessdate=25 June 2019}}</ref> Webigu wuxuu ku biiraa Pongola xadka galbeed ee [[Ithala Game Reserve|Hagaaga Ugaarta ee Ithala]], meel aan ka fogayn xadka [[Swaziland|Eswatini]]. ==Biyo-xireenno== [[Bivane Dam|Biyo-xireenka Bivane]] waxaa la dhameystiray sannadkii 2000 meesha uu uga biiro [[Manzana River|Webiga Manzana]], si loogu adeegsado nidaamka waraabka ee deegaanka. ==Sawiro== <gallery> Kruger Bridge - panoramio (1).jpg|{{center|Buundada Kruger Bridge ee 1898}} Kruger Bridge - panoramio (4).jpg|{{center|Qaybta sare ee buundada Kruger Bridge}} Bivane Dam - 26 Nov 2009 - panoramio.jpg|{{center|Biyo-xireenka Bivane}} </gallery> ==Qoraallo== {{Reflist}} lbjix6q9y9hgl9zedpc5qvh65gi6akh 0 48484 300627 2026-07-03T10:36:27Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 300627 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Helicopter view, Bloukrans Bridge.jpg|thumb|right|[[Bloukrans Bridge|Buundada Bloukrans]]]] '''Webiga Bloukrans''' waa webi gaaban oo ku yaal gobolka [[Tsitsikamma Mountains|Tsitsikamma]] ee [[Garden Route]], [[South Africa|Koonfur Afrika]]. Wuxuu ku yaallaa xadka u dhexeeya gobollada [[Western Cape]] iyo [[Eastern Cape]]. Afka webigu wuxuu ku yaal bariga [[Nature's Valley]], [[Bloukrans Bridge|Buundada Bloukrans]] ayaa ka dul dhisani webiga meel u dhow afkiisa, waxaana u dhow marinka [[Bloukrans Pass (Western Cape)|Bloukrans Pass]]. Webigu wuxuu ka bilaawdaa meel u dhow [[Peak Formosa]] ee gobolka [[Plettenberg Bay]]. [[Bloukrans Bridge|Buundada Bloukrans]] ee ka dul dhisani webiga waxaa ku yaal goobta ugu sarreysa adduunka ee ganacsi ahaan looga boodo xarigga ([[bungee jump]]), taas oo ah [[Bloukrans Bridge Bungy]] oo ay maamusho Face Adrenalin, iyadoo dhererkeedu yahay 233 m.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.macautower.com.mo/en/dining_shopping_entertainment/adventure/bungy_jump/index.html|title=Bungy Jump|publisher=Macau Tower|accessdate=5 January 2013|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130517170224/http://www.macautower.com.mo/en/dining_shopping_entertainment/adventure/bungy_jump/index.html|archivedate=17 May 2013}}</ref> ==Tixraac== {{reflist}} {{coord|33|53|01|S|23|40|21|E|type:river_region:ZA|display=title}} e164y7gwic32xr7wxfz5ztqs1sz3qnl 0 48485 300628 2026-07-03T10:40:10Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 300628 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox river | name = Webiga Bloukrans | native_name = | native_name_lang = | name_other = | name_etymology = <!---------------------- IMAGE & MAP --> | image = | image_size = | image_caption = | map = | map_size = | map_caption = | pushpin_map = South Africa | pushpin_map_size = | pushpin_map_caption = <!---------------------- LOCATION --> | subdivision_type1 = Dalka | subdivision_name1 = [[South Africa|Koonfur Afrika]] | subdivision_type2 = Gobolka | subdivision_name2 = [[Eastern Cape]] | subdivision_type3 = | subdivision_name3 = | subdivision_type4 = | subdivision_name4 = | subdivision_type5 = | subdivision_name5 = <!---------------------- PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS --> | length = | width_min = | width_avg = | width_max = | depth_min = | depth_avg = | depth_max = | discharge1_location = | discharge1_min = | discharge1_avg = | discharge1_max = <!---------------------- BASIN FEATURES --> | source1 = | source1_location = | source1_coordinates = | source1_elevation = | mouth = [[Kowie River|Webiga Kowie]] | mouth_location = | mouth_coordinates = {{coord|33|25|S|26|39|E|display=inline,title}} | mouth_elevation = | progression = | river_system = | basin_size = | tributaries_left = | tributaries_right = | custom_label = | custom_data = | extra = }} '''Webiga Bloukrans (Grahamstown)''' waa laan ka tirsan [[Kowie River|Webiga Kowie]], wuxuuna ku yaallaa u dhow [[Grahamstown]] ee gobolka [[Eastern Cape]] ee dalka [[South Africa|Koonfur Afrika]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=A. Nel |first=Holly |last2=Dalu |first2=Tatenda |last3=J. Wasserman |first3=Ryan |title=Sinks and sources: Assessing microplastic abundance in river sediment and deposit feeders in an Austral temperate urban river system |journal=[[Science of the Total Environment]] |volume=612 |issue=2018 |pages=950-956 |doi=10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.08.298}}</ref> Kalluunka halista ku jira ee [[Eastern Province rocky]] ayaa laga helaa qaybta Webiga Bloukrans ee ku dhex taal [[Blaauwkrantz Nature Reserve|Hagaaga Deegaanka ee Blaauwkrantz]]. == Tixraac == {{Reflist}} 2xac4xoftrhmfdp0hug0muzgbutxpeb 0 48486 300629 2026-07-03T10:43:24Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 300629 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox river | name = Webiga Boesmans | native_name = {{native name|xh|Qhorha}} | name_other = | name_etymology = <!---------------------- IMAGE & MAP --> | image = | image_size = | image_caption = | map = | map_size = | map_caption = | pushpin_map = South Africa | pushpin_map_size = | pushpin_map_caption= Goobta uu ku yaal afka Webiga Boesmans <!---------------------- LOCATION --> | subdivision_type1 = Dalka | subdivision_name1 = [[South Africa|Koonfur Afrika]] | subdivision_type2 = | subdivision_name2 = | subdivision_type3 = [[Provinces of South Africa|Gobolka]] | subdivision_name3 = [[Eastern Cape]] | subdivision_type4 = | subdivision_name4 = | subdivision_type5 = Magaalooyinka | subdivision_name5 = [[Kenton-on-Sea]] <!---------------------- PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS --> | length = {{convert|230|km|mi|abbr=on}} | width_min = | width_avg = | width_max = | depth_min = | depth_avg = | depth_max = | discharge1_location= [[Kenton-on-Sea]] | discharge1_min = | discharge1_avg = | discharge1_max = <!---------------------- BASIN FEATURES --> | source1 = | source1_location = Waqooyiga [[Kirkwood, Eastern Cape|Kirkwood]], [[Eastern Cape]], [[South Africa|Koonfur Afrika]] | source1_coordinates= | source1_elevation = | mouth = [[Indian Ocean|Badweynta Hindiya]] | mouth_location = [[Kenton-on-Sea]], [[Eastern Cape]], [[South Africa|Koonfur Afrika]] | mouth_coordinates = {{coord|33.6906|S|26.6645|E|display=inline,title}} | mouth_elevation = {{convert|0|m|abbr=on}} | progression = | river_system = | basin_size = {{convert|2670|km2|abbr=on}} | tributaries_left = | tributaries_right = | custom_label = | custom_data = | extra = }} '''Webiga Boesmans''' ({{langx|af|Boesmansrivier}}) waa webi ku yaal gobolka [[Eastern Cape]], [[South Africa|Koonfur Afrika]]. Wuxuu ka bilaawdaa waqooyiga [[Kirkwood, Eastern Cape|Kirkwood]] wuxuuna u qulqulaa dhanka bari isagoo soo mara [[Alicedale]], ka hor int uusan u weecan dhowr jeerna u qalloocan dhanka koonfur iyo bari dhanka [[Kenton-on-Sea]], halkaas oo uu ka ku biiro [[Indian Ocean|Badweynta Hindiya]] isagoo dhex mara af-gariir dabiici ah ([[estuary]]) kaas oo 1.7&nbsp;km oo keliya dhanka koonfur-galbeed ka xiga afka [[Kariega River|Webiga Kariega]].<ref>[http://eprints.ru.ac.za/1996/1/FRASER-MSc-TR05-95.pdf Coastal dune dynamics and management]{{dead link|date=November 2016 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Laamaha== Laamaha uu ka kooban yahay waxaa ka mid ah: Webiga Bega, iCamtarha, Webiga Ncazala, Webiga Komga, Webiga New Years, Webiga Steins, Webiga Swartwaters, Webiga Soutkloof iyo Webiga Bou.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.wrc.org.za/Knowledge%20Hub%20Documents/Research%20Reports/1018-1-01.pdf |title=Eastern Cape Estuaries Management Programme |access-date=2012-03-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160310073645/http://www.wrc.org.za/Knowledge%20Hub%20Documents/Research%20Reports/1018-1-01.pdf |archive-date=2016-03-10 |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Tixraac == {{reflist}} ==Xiriirinta dibadda== *[https://web.archive.org/web/20140203094925/http://bushmans.org/ Boesmansriviermond] * [http://www.geonames.org/1017918/boesmansrivier.html Google Map of Boesman River's mouth] ku yaal Geonames.org (cc-by) 2mysraeomd59ojfthbhxlq1pmrgn9ce 0 48487 300630 2026-07-03T10:46:12Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 300630 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox river | name = Webiga Brak | native_name = | native_name_lang = | name_other = | name_etymology = <!---------------------- IMAGE & MAP --> | image = | image_size = | image_caption = | map = | map_size = | map_caption = | pushpin_map = South Africa | pushpin_map_size = | pushpin_map_caption= Goobta uu ku yaal afka Webiga Brak <!---------------------- LOCATION --> | subdivision_type1 = Dalka | subdivision_name1 = [[South Africa|Koonfur Afrika]] | subdivision_type2 = | subdivision_name2 = | subdivision_type3 = [[Provinces of South Africa|Gobolka]] | subdivision_name3 = [[Limpopo]] | subdivision_type4 = | subdivision_name4 = | subdivision_type5 = | subdivision_name5 = <!---------------------- PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS --> | length = {{convert|170|km|mi|abbr=on}} | width_min = | width_avg = | width_max = | depth_min = | depth_avg = | depth_max = | discharge1_location= | discharge1_min = | discharge1_avg = | discharge1_max = <!---------------------- BASIN FEATURES --> | source1 = | source1_location = [[Makgabeng Plateau|Balaadhka Makgabeng]] | source1_coordinates= | source1_elevation = | mouth = [[Sand River (Polokwane)|Webiga Sand (Polokwane)]] | mouth_location = [[Limpopo Province|Gobolka Limpopo]] | mouth_coordinates = {{coord|22|36|15|S|29|44|0|E|display=inline,title}} | mouth_elevation = {{convert|612|m|abbr=on}} | progression = | river_system = | basin_size = | tributaries_left = [[Ga-Mamasonya]], [[Boshela]] | tributaries_right = | custom_label = | custom_data = | extra = }} '''Webiga Brak''' ({{langx|af|Brakrivier}}) waa webi ku yaal waqooyiga [[Limpopo Province|Gobolka Limpopo]], [[South Africa|Koonfur Afrika]]. Waa laan ka tirsan [[Sand River (Polokwane)|Webiga Sand (Polokwane)]]. ==Halka uu maro== Webiga Brak wuxuu ka bilaawdaa bariga [[Makgabeng Plateau|Balaadhka Makgabeng]] wuxuuna u qulqulaa dhanka waqooyi-waqooyiga bari ilaa uu ka gaaro [[Blouberg (range)|Blouberg]], isagoo hareer mara buurta weyn uuna si xagal ah ugu qulqulaa dhanka waqooyi-bari ee u dhaxaysa Blouberg iyo [[Soutpansberg]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.kunemoya.co.za/blouberg.htm |title=About Blouberg |access-date=2012-03-23 |archive-date=2021-01-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210116051533/http://www.kunemoya.co.za/blouberg.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> Pag ka dib wuxuu dhex maraa dhulka [[Lowveld]] ilaa uu ka ku biiro bangiga bidix ee Webiga Sand qiyaastii {{convert|45|km|mi}} dhanka koonfur-galbeed ee [[Musina]]. Webiga Brak waa [[intermittent stream|durduro go'a xilliyada qaarkood]]. Webigan ma ahan in lagu khaldada [[Great Brak River (river)|Webiga weyn ee Brak]] ee ku yaal [[Western Cape]]. ==Tixraac== {{reflist}} ==Xiriirinta dibadda== *[http://samilitaryhistory.org/vol123rb.html The Anglo-Boer War, 1899-1902 - The Far North-Western Front] oxau7pzdemhay21cqt57euf6gtaach4 0 48488 300631 2026-07-03T10:53:23Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 300631 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox river | name = Breede | native_name = | native_name_lang = | name_other = Breë | name_etymology = Luqadda [[Dutch language|Hulandeeska]] ku ah "ballaaran". <!---------------------- IMAGE & MAP -->| image = Breede River.jpg | image_size = | image_caption = Webiga Breede oo qiyaastii 5km u jira afkiisa dhanka gudaha. | mapframe = yes | mapframe-zoom = 7 | mapframe-wikidata = yes | map_size = | map_caption = | pushpin_map = South Africa | pushpin_map_size = | pushpin_map_caption = Goobta uu ku yaal afka Webiga Breede <!---------------------- LOCATION -->| subdivision_type1 = Dalka | subdivision_name1 = [[South Africa|Koonfur Afrika]] | subdivision_type2 = | subdivision_name2 = | subdivision_type3 = Region | subdivision_name3 = [[Western Cape Province|Gobolka Western Cape]] | subdivision_type4 = | subdivision_name4 = | subdivision_type5 = | subdivision_name5 = <!---------------------- PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS --> | length = {{convert|337|km|mi|abbr=on}} | width_min = | width_avg = | width_max = | depth_min = | depth_avg = | depth_max = | discharge1_location = | discharge1_min = | discharge1_avg = | discharge1_max = <!---------------------- BASIN FEATURES --> | source1 = Waqooyiga [[Swartberg]] | source1_location = | source1_coordinates = | source1_elevation = | mouth = [[Witsand]] | mouth_location = [[Indian Ocean|Badweynta Hindiya]] | mouth_coordinates = {{coord|34|24|S|20|50|E|display=inline,title}} | mouth_elevation = | progression = | river_system = | basin_size = {{convert|12384|km2|abbr=on}} | tributaries_left = | tributaries_right = | custom_label = | custom_data = | extra = }} '''Webiga Breede''' ({{langx|af|Breederivier}}), oo sidoo kale loo yaqaano '''Webiga Breë''', waa webi ku yaal [[Western Cape Province|Gobolka Western Cape]] ee [[South Africa|Koonfur Afrika]]. Isagoo u socda dhanka waqooyi ee gudaha dalka marka laga bilaabo magaalada [[Cape Town]], webigu wuxuu u qulqulaa dhanka galbeed ilaa bari. Buuraha ku xeeran ee galbeedka waxay noqdeen qaybintii ugu horreysay ee qaaradda ee ay la kulmaan [[Europe|Yurubiyaankii]] [[settlers|degay]] qarnigii 18-aad. Webiga Witels iyo [[Dwarsrivier|Webiga Dwars]] waxay isku beddelaan Webiga Breë. ==Isha webiga== [[Drainage basin|Aagga ururinta biyaha]] ee ugu horreeya ee webiga wuxuu ku yaal silsiladda buuraha Skurweberg oo u dhow [[Ceres, South Africa|Ceres]]. Biyaha sare waxay markaas dhex maraaan marinka casriga ah ee [[Michell's Pass]] ka hor intaysan u fidin marinkiisa dhexe ee aagga [[Worcester, South Africa|Worcester]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.places.co.za/html/breedevalley.html|title=Breede River Valley|website=www.places.co.za}}</ref> Afka webigu wuxuu ku yaal af-gariir dabiici ah ([[estuary]]) oo ku yaal [[Witsand]] ee dhanka [[Indian Ocean|Badweynta Hindiya]].<ref>[http://www.environment.gov.za/soer/estuary/catch/bree.html Bree - estuary] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061008000217/http://www.environment.gov.za/soer/estuary/catch/bree.html |date=October 8, 2006 }}</ref> ==Laamaha== Marinkiisa uu dhex maro [[Breede River Valley|Dooxada Webiga Breede]], waxaa ku biira Webiyada Holsloot iyo Smalblaar, oo ka yimaada aagaggooda ururinta biyaha ee silsiladaha buuraha [[Du Toitskloof]] iyo Stettyn. Webiga Hex oo aaggiisa ururinta biyuhu ku yaal [[Hex River Mountains|Buuraha Webiga Hex]] wuxuu sidoo kale kaga soo biiraa Webiga Breede dhanka waqooyi-bari. Dhanka hoose, Webiga Slang iyo [[Buffeljags River|Webiga Buffeljags]] waxay soo miiqaan jiidda koonfureed ee buuraha Langeberg ka hor intaysan biyahooda ku shubin Webiga Breede. U dhow [[Swellendam]] waxaa webiga kaga biira Riviersonderend, oo aaggiisa ururinta biyuhu ku yaal buuraha ku xeeran Biyo-xireenka Theewaterskloof oo u dhow [[Villiersdorp]]. == Biyo-xireennada ku yaal webiga == Biyo-xireenka weyn ee Brandvlei (Greater Brandvlei Dam), oo la dhameystiray 1936-dii si buuxdana loo ballaariyay 1987-dii, wuxuu biyo u fidiyaa nidaamyo waraab oo kala duwan oo ku yaal guud ahaan qaybta beeraha ee gobolka. (Waxa kale oo loo yaqaanaa [[Brandvlei Dam|Biyo-xireenka Brandvlei]] iyo [[Kwaggaskloof Dam|Biyo-xireenka Kwaggaskloof]]){{Clarify|date=May 2010}}. Aagga ururinta biyaha waxaa ku yaal dhowr biyo-xireenno kale oo kale: * [[Stettynskloof Dam|Biyo-xireenka Stettynskloof]] oo ku yaal laanta Webiga Holsloot ee ku biirta Webiga Breede. * Biyo-xireenka Zwiegelaars * [[Theewaterskloof Dam|Biyo-xireenka Theewaterskloof]] labaduba waxay ku yaallaan [[Riviersonderend River|Webiga Riviersonderend]] * [[Elandskloof Dam|Biyo-xireenka Elandskloof]] oo ku yaal [[Elands River (Western Cape)|Webiga Elands]] oo ah laan ka tirsan [[Riviersonderend River|Webiga Riviersonderend]]. * Biyo-xireenka Moordkuil oo ku yaal Webiga Hooks oo ah laan ka tirsan Webiga Breede. * [[Keerom Dam|Biyo-xireenka Keerom]] oo ku yaal Webiga Nuy oo ah laan ka tirsan Webiga Breede. * [[Klipberg Dam|Biyo-xireenka Klipberg]] oo ku yaal Webiga Konings oo isna ah laan ka tirsan Webiga Keisers, oo ah laan ka tirsan Webiga Breede. * [[Pietersfontein Dam|Biyo-xireenka Pietersfontein]] oo ku yaal Webiga Pietersfontein oo ah laan ka tirsan [[Kogmanskloof River|Webiga Kogmanskloof]], isna ah laan ka tirsan Webiga Breede. * [[Poortjieskloof Dam|Biyo-xireenka Poortjieskloof]] oo ku yaal [[Groot River (Western Cape)|Webiga Groot]] isna ku shubma Webiga Kogmanskloof * [[Buffeljags Dam|Biyo-xireenka Buffeljags]] oo ku yaal [[Buffeljags River|Webiga Buffeljags]] oo ah laan ka tirsan Webiga Breede. ==Hawshaha la qabto== {{See also|Breede River Canoe Marathon}} Webiga Breede waa goob caan ku ah socdaallada dooomaha ragaabka ee webiga (river rafting). Biyaha si tartiib ah u qulqulaya iyo maqnaanshaha yaxaasna, masiyada iyo kaneecada ayaa ka dhigaya meeshan mid loo dalxiis tago dhammaadka toddobaadka. Dhowr shirkadood oo dalxiis ayaa dooomaha ka bilaaba qiyaastii 20&nbsp;km koonfurta [[Swellendam]] iyagoo adeegsanaya dooomaha la afuufo ee labada qofood ah. Webiga dhexdiisa dooomaha waa la marin karaa qiyaastii 28&nbsp;km, laga bilaabo afka webiga ee [[Witsand]]. == Deegaanka dabiiciga ah == Inta badan, [[bull shark|libaax-badeedka dibiga]] ayaa soo gala af-gariirka webiga waxayna dhex degaan biyaha Webiga Breede, iyadoo la diwaangeliyay iyagoo jooga ilaa 5&nbsp;km oo kor u raacsan webiga.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.wavescape.co.za/environment/sharks/bizarre-bull-shark-record.html|title=Bizarre Bull Shark Record|first=Spike at|last=Wavescape|website=www.wavescape.co.za}}</ref> Libaax-badeedyadan waxaa lagu soo bandhigay xilli-ciyaareedkii labaad ee taxanaha [[River Monsters]]. Sida ay muujisay baaritaanadii [[Jeremy Wade]], libaax-badeedka dibiga ee Webiga Breede way ka weyn yihiin celceliska caadiga ah sababo la xiriira caadada gaarka ah ee ay u leeyihiin inay ka xadaan jillaabatooyinka waxyaabaha ay soo qabtaan, taas oo u oggolaanaysa inay quustaan oo ay miisaan kororsadaan iyagoon isticmaalin tamar badan. Arrintan iyo caafimaadka wanaagsan ee nidaamka deegaanka webiga ayaa keentay in deegaankaas laga diwaangeliyo weeraro aad u yar ama aanaba jirin oo libaax-badeedku u geysto aadanaha.<ref>{{cite episode |title=Hidden Predator |series=River Monsters | network=[[Animal Planet]] |date=30 May 2010}}</ref> == Sawirro == <gallery mode="packed" heights="165"> Image:Alvi's Drift low-water bridge across the Breede River.jpg|Buundada biyaha hoose ee Alvi's Drift ee ka dul dhisani Webiga Breede Image:Breede River PA020053.JPG|Webiga Breede oo laga soo eegay Bontebok Park Image:Handbetriebene Fähre P1020854.JPG|[[Cable ferry|Doonta xarigga]] ee Malgas Image:PA020092 Breede River vor Langeberg Mountains.JPG|Breede iyadoo asalka dambe ay ku yaallaan Buuraha [[Langeberg]] </gallery> == Eeg pudu == *[[List of rivers of South Africa|Liiska webiyada Koonfur Afrika]] * [[Skurweberg Pass]] ==Tixraac== {{Reflist}} ==Xiriirinta dibadda== *[http://www.sa-venues.com/attractionswc/breederiver-attractions.htm Breede River Valley, Western Cape] o6xw5w5mjg8t7ae3p6xl9a4noyny2tz 300632 300631 2026-07-03T10:53:39Z Isma4l 41797 300632 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox river | name = Breede | native_name = | native_name_lang = | name_other = Breë | name_etymology = Luqadda [[Dutch language|Hulandeeska]] ku ah "ballaaran". <!---------------------- IMAGE & MAP -->| image = Breede River.jpg | image_size = | image_caption = Webiga Breede oo qiyaastii 5km u jira afkiisa dhanka gudaha. | mapframe = yes | mapframe-zoom = 7 | mapframe-wikidata = yes | map_size = | map_caption = | pushpin_map = South Africa | pushpin_map_size = | pushpin_map_caption = Goobta uu ku yaal afka Webiga Breede <!---------------------- LOCATION -->| subdivision_type1 = Dalka | subdivision_name1 = [[South Africa|Koonfur Afrika]] | subdivision_type2 = | subdivision_name2 = | subdivision_type3 = Region | subdivision_name3 = [[Western Cape Province|Gobolka Western Cape]] | subdivision_type4 = | subdivision_name4 = | subdivision_type5 = | subdivision_name5 = <!---------------------- PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS --> | length = {{convert|337|km|mi|abbr=on}} | width_min = | width_avg = | width_max = | depth_min = | depth_avg = | depth_max = | discharge1_location = | discharge1_min = | discharge1_avg = | discharge1_max = <!---------------------- BASIN FEATURES --> | source1 = Waqooyiga [[Swartberg]] | source1_location = | source1_coordinates = | source1_elevation = | mouth = [[Witsand]] | mouth_location = [[Indian Ocean|Badweynta Hindiya]] | mouth_coordinates = {{coord|34|24|S|20|50|E|display=inline,title}} | mouth_elevation = | progression = | river_system = | basin_size = {{convert|12384|km2|abbr=on}} | tributaries_left = | tributaries_right = | custom_label = | custom_data = | extra = }} '''Webiga Breede''' ({{langx|af|Breederivier}}), oo sidoo kale loo yaqaano '''Webiga Breë''', waa webi ku yaal [[Western Cape Province|Gobolka Western Cape]] ee [[South Africa|Koonfur Afrika]]. Isagoo u socda dhanka waqooyi ee gudaha dalka marka laga bilaabo magaalada [[Cape Town]], webigu wuxuu u qulqulaa dhanka galbeed ilaa bari. Buuraha ku xeeran ee galbeedka waxay noqdeen qaybintii ugu horreysay ee qaaradda ee ay la kulmaan [[Europe|Yurubiyaankii]] [[settlers|degay]] qarnigii 18-aad. Webiga Witels iyo [[Dwarsrivier|Webiga Dwars]] waxay isku beddelaan Webiga Breë. ==Isha webiga== [[Drainage basin|Aagga ururinta biyaha]] ee ugu horreeya ee webiga wuxuu ku yaal silsiladda buuraha Skurweberg oo u dhow [[Ceres, South Africa|Ceres]]. Biyaha sare waxay markaas dhex maraaan marinka casriga ah ee [[Michell's Pass]] ka hor intaysan u fidin marinkiisa dhexe ee aagga [[Worcester, South Africa|Worcester]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.places.co.za/html/breedevalley.html|title=Breede River Valley|website=www.places.co.za}}</ref> Afka webigu wuxuu ku yaal af-gariir dabiici ah ([[estuary]]) oo ku yaal [[Witsand]] ee dhanka [[Indian Ocean|Badweynta Hindiya]].<ref>[http://www.environment.gov.za/soer/estuary/catch/bree.html Bree - estuary] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061008000217/http://www.environment.gov.za/soer/estuary/catch/bree.html |date=October 8, 2006 }}</ref> ==Laamaha== Marinkiisa uu dhex maro [[Breede River Valley|Dooxada Webiga Breede]], waxaa ku biira Webiyada Holsloot iyo Smalblaar, oo ka yimaada aagaggooda ururinta biyaha ee silsiladaha buuraha [[Du Toitskloof]] iyo Stettyn. Webiga Hex oo aaggiisa ururinta biyuhu ku yaal [[Hex River Mountains|Buuraha Webiga Hex]] wuxuu sidoo kale kaga soo biiraa Webiga Breede dhanka waqooyi-bari. Dhanka hoose, Webiga Slang iyo [[Buffeljags River|Webiga Buffeljags]] waxay soo miiqaan jiidda koonfureed ee buuraha Langeberg ka hor intaysan biyahooda ku shubin Webiga Breede. U dhow [[Swellendam]] waxaa webiga kaga biira Riviersonderend, oo aaggiisa ururinta biyuhu ku yaal buuraha ku xeeran Biyo-xireenka Theewaterskloof oo u dhow [[Villiersdorp]]. == Biyo-xireennada ku yaal webiga == Biyo-xireenka weyn ee Brandvlei (Greater Brandvlei Dam), oo la dhameystiray 1936-dii si buuxdana loo ballaariyay 1987-dii, wuxuu biyo u fidiyaa nidaamyo waraab oo kala duwan oo ku yaal guud ahaan qaybta beeraha ee gobolka. (Waxa kale oo loo yaqaanaa [[Brandvlei Dam|Biyo-xireenka Brandvlei]] iyo [[Kwaggaskloof Dam|Biyo-xireenka Kwaggaskloof]]){{Clarify|date=May 2010}}. Aagga ururinta biyaha waxaa ku yaal dhowr biyo-xireenno kale oo kale: * [[Stettynskloof Dam|Biyo-xireenka Stettynskloof]] oo ku yaal laanta Webiga Holsloot ee ku biirta Webiga Breede. * Biyo-xireenka Zwiegelaars * [[Theewaterskloof Dam|Biyo-xireenka Theewaterskloof]] labaduba waxay ku yaallaan [[Riviersonderend River|Webiga Riviersonderend]] * [[Elandskloof Dam|Biyo-xireenka Elandskloof]] oo ku yaal [[Elands River (Western Cape)|Webiga Elands]] oo ah laan ka tirsan [[Riviersonderend River|Webiga Riviersonderend]]. * Biyo-xireenka Moordkuil oo ku yaal Webiga Hooks oo ah laan ka tirsan Webiga Breede. * [[Keerom Dam|Biyo-xireenka Keerom]] oo ku yaal Webiga Nuy oo ah laan ka tirsan Webiga Breede. * [[Klipberg Dam|Biyo-xireenka Klipberg]] oo ku yaal Webiga Konings oo isna ah laan ka tirsan Webiga Keisers, oo ah laan ka tirsan Webiga Breede. * [[Pietersfontein Dam|Biyo-xireenka Pietersfontein]] oo ku yaal Webiga Pietersfontein oo ah laan ka tirsan [[Kogmanskloof River|Webiga Kogmanskloof]], isna ah laan ka tirsan Webiga Breede. * [[Poortjieskloof Dam|Biyo-xireenka Poortjieskloof]] oo ku yaal [[Groot River (Western Cape)|Webiga Groot]] isna ku shubma Webiga Kogmanskloof * [[Buffeljags Dam|Biyo-xireenka Buffeljags]] oo ku yaal [[Buffeljags River|Webiga Buffeljags]] oo ah laan ka tirsan Webiga Breede. ==Hawshaha la qabto== {{See also|Breede River Canoe Marathon}} Webiga Breede waa goob caan ku ah socdaallada dooomaha ragaabka ee webiga (river rafting). Biyaha si tartiib ah u qulqulaya iyo maqnaanshaha yaxaasna, masiyada iyo kaneecada ayaa ka dhigaya meeshan mid loo dalxiis tago dhammaadka toddobaadka. Dhowr shirkadood oo dalxiis ayaa dooomaha ka bilaaba qiyaastii 20&nbsp;km koonfurta [[Swellendam]] iyagoo adeegsanaya dooomaha la afuufo ee labada qofood ah. Webiga dhexdiisa dooomaha waa la marin karaa qiyaastii 28&nbsp;km, laga bilaabo afka webiga ee [[Witsand]]. == Deegaanka dabiiciga ah == Inta badan, [[bull shark|libaax-badeedka dibiga]] ayaa soo gala af-gariirka webiga waxayna dhex degaan biyaha Webiga Breede, iyadoo la diwaangeliyay iyagoo jooga ilaa 5&nbsp;km oo kor u raacsan webiga.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.wavescape.co.za/environment/sharks/bizarre-bull-shark-record.html|title=Bizarre Bull Shark Record|first=Spike at|last=Wavescape|website=www.wavescape.co.za}}</ref> Libaax-badeedyadan waxaa lagu soo bandhigay xilli-ciyaareedkii labaad ee taxanaha [[River Monsters]]. Sida ay muujisay baaritaanadii [[Jeremy Wade]], libaax-badeedka dibiga ee Webiga Breede way ka weyn yihiin celceliska caadiga ah sababo la xiriira caadada gaarka ah ee ay u leeyihiin inay ka xadaan jillaabatooyinka waxyaabaha ay soo qabtaan, taas oo u oggolaanaysa inay quustaan oo ay miisaan kororsadaan iyagoon isticmaalin tamar badan. Arrintan iyo caafimaadka wanaagsan ee nidaamka deegaanka webiga ayaa keentay in deegaankaas laga diwaangeliyo weeraro aad u yar ama aanaba jirin oo libaax-badeedku u geysto aadanaha.<ref>{{cite episode |title=Hidden Predator |series=River Monsters | network=[[Animal Planet]] |date=30 May 2010}}</ref> == Sawirro == <gallery mode="packed" heights="165"> Image:Alvi's Drift low-water bridge across the Breede River.jpg|Buundada biyaha hoose ee Alvi's Drift ee ka dul dhisani Webiga Breede Image:Breede River PA020053.JPG|Webiga Breede oo laga soo eegay Bontebok Park Image:Handbetriebene Fähre P1020854.JPG|[[Cable ferry|Doonta xarigga]] ee Malgas Image:PA020092 Breede River vor Langeberg Mountains.JPG|Breede iyadoo asalka dambe ay ku yaallaan Buuraha [[Langeberg]] </gallery> ==Tixraac== {{Reflist}} ==Xiriirinta dibadda== *[http://www.sa-venues.com/attractionswc/breederiver-attractions.htm Breede River Valley, Western Cape] 9zhmyffka2czrz3n6khbohkpr8dmiyk 0 48489 300633 2026-07-03T10:57:38Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 300633 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox river | mapframe = Yes | name = Webiga Buffels | map = South Africa Northern Cape location map.svg | map_size = 250 | map_caption = Goobta uu ku yaal Webiga Buffels ee Northern Cape, Koonfur Afrika | pushpin_map = South Africa | pushpin_map_caption = Afka Webiga Buffels oo u dhow kleinzee | subdivision_type1 = Dalka | subdivision_name1 = Koonfur Afrika | subdivision_type2 = Gobolka | subdivision_name2 = Northern Cape | source1 = Gobolka Kamiesberg | source1_location = Northern Cape | mouth = Badweynta Atlaantikada | mouth_location = U dhow Kleinzee | basin_size = ~9,250 km² | river_system = Nidaamka Webiga Buffels | mouth_coordinates = {{coord|29|40|35|S|17|3|8|E|display=inline,title}} }} '''Webiga Buffels''' waa [[webi]] qulqula oo keliya muddo gaaban ka dib marka uu roobku da'o, inta badan sannadkana waa uu engegan yahay. Wuxuu ku yaallaa [[Northern Cape|gobolka Northern Cape]] ee [[South Africa|Koonfur Afrika]]. Wuxuu dhex maraa gobolka abaartu u saaxiibka tahay ee [[Namaqualand]] wuxuuna guud ahaan u qulqulaa dhanka galbeed isagoo ku shubma [[Atlantic Ocean|Badweynta Atlaantikada]] meel u dhow [[Kleinzee]]. Webigu wuxuu ka kooban yahay qaabab qulqulatooyin oo aad u isbedbeddela, wuxuuna inta badan ku tiirsan yahay roobabka xilliyada leh ee ka da'a aaggiisa [[Drainage basin|ururinta biyaha]].<ref name=":0">{{cite web |title=The Buffels River catchment illustrating the drainage network and rainfall isohyets |url=https://www.researchgate.net/figure/The-Buffels-River-catchment-illustrating-the-drainage-network-and-rainfall-isohyets-The_fig1_49608860 |website=ResearchGate |access-date=7 June 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=The Evolution of Estuaries |doi=10.1016/j.yqres.2011.01.004 |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0033589411000159}}</ref> == Marinka iyo baaxadda koobidda == [[File:The Buffels River catchment.jpg|thumb|Aagga ururinta biyaha ee webiga oo muujinaya shabakadda bullaacadaha iyo isohyets roobka (sadarrada isku xira qodobbada hela roob isku mid ah muddo cayiman gudaheed).]] Webiga Buffels wuxuu ka bilaawdaa dhulka sare ee gudaha ee Northern Cape wuxuuna u qulqulaa dhanka galbeed isagoo dhex mara Namaqualand, wuxuu soo maraa degsiimooyin ay ka mid yihiin [[Springbok, South Africa|Springbok]], [[Nababeep]], iyo [[Okiep]] ka hor int uusan gaarin xeidda Atlaantikada u dhow Kleinzee, halkaas oo uu ka samayn karo af-gariir dabiici ah oo meel ku gaar ah xilliyada daadadka. Marinka guud ee webigu wuxuu dhererkiisu yahay qiyaastii {{Convert abbreviated|250|km|mi}}.<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last1=Benito |first1=G. |last2=Botero |first2=B. A. |last3=Thorndycraft |first3=V. R. |last4=Rico |first4=M. |last5=Sánchez-Moya |first5=Y. |last6=Sopeña |first6=A. |last7=Machado |first7=M. J. |last8=Dahan |first8=O. |date=2011-04-08 |title=Rainfall-runoff modelling and palaeoflood hydrology applied to reconstruct centennial scale records of flooding and aquifer recharge in ungauged ephemeral rivers |url=https://hess.copernicus.org/articles/15/1185/2011/ |journal=Hydrology and Earth System Sciences |language=en |volume=15 |issue=4 |pages=1185–1196 |doi=10.5194/hess-15-1185-2011 |doi-access=free |bibcode=2011HESS...15.1185B |issn=1607-7938}}</ref> Qaybihiisa hoose, webigu inta badan waa mid engegan oo kaliya qulqula roobab culus ka dib. Waa mid aad u dhalanteed ah (ephemeral), oo si adag u qulqula xilliyada daadadka degdegga ah iyo roobabka waaweyn, wuxuuna ahaanayaa mid gabi ahaanba engegan inta badan sannadka.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Van Gend |first1=J. |last2=Francis |first2=M. L. |last3=Watson |first3=A. P. |last4=Palcsu |first4=L. |last5=Horváth |first5=A. |last6=Macey |first6=P. H. |last7=Le Roux |first7=P. |last8=Clarke |first8=C. E. |last9=Miller |first9=J. A. |title=Impacts of climate change and human activities on water resources and water quality |journal=The Science of the Total Environment |year=2020 |volume=762 |doi=10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143140 |pmid=33131834 |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0048969720366705}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |date=2011-05-01 |title=Hydrological response of a dryland ephemeral river to southern African climatic variability during the last millennium |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0033589411000159 |journal=Quaternary Research |language=en-US |volume=75 |issue=3 |doi=10.1016/j.yqre |doi-broken-date=8 June 2026 |issn=0033-5894 |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20240421184612/https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0033589411000159 |archive-date=2024-04-21}}</ref> == Haidroloojiga == Webiga Buffels waa webi ku meel gaar ah oo qulqula oo keliya ka dib marka uu roobku da'o. Wuxuu miiraa aag ururin biyo ah oo qiyaastii ah 9,000–9,500&nbsp;km² wuxuuna inta badan ku tiirsan yahay roobabka jiilaalka ee u dhaxeeya May iyo September, inkastoo qaybta bari ee aagga ururinta biyuhu ay la kulanto roobab xagaagii ah oo wata onkod iyo hillaac.<ref name=":2" /> Roobabka gobolka ka da'a waxay u dhaxeeyaan 100&nbsp;mm iyo 300&nbsp;mm sannadkii, taas oo ka dhigaysa webiga mid aad ugu nugul daadad degdeg ah oo ay ku xigaan xilliyo engegan oo dhaadheer.<ref name=":0" /> Inta badan daadadku waxay dhacaan xilliga roobka jiilaalka, inkastoo roobabka xagaaga ee mararka qaarkood ay sababi karaan daadad degdeg ah.<ref name=":2" /> == Jioloji iyo Deegaanka == Webigu wuxuu dhex maraa gobolka jiilaalka ee Namaqualand, kaas oo ay ku badan yihiin [[granite]] qadiimi ah, [[gneiss]], iyo [[metamorphic rock|dhagaxaan metamorphis]] ah. Gobolku waa mid [[Semi-arid climate|nus-engegan]] oo leh dhir kooban oo la qabsaday xaaladaha abaaraha. Maadaama ciiddu ay tahay midgaboob oo dhagax leh, ma haysan karto biyo badan, sidaas darteed biyaha roobku si dhakhso ah ayay u socdaan roobka ka dib.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Research Portal |url=https://ujcontent.uj.ac.za/esploro/outputs/graduate/The-provenance-of-the-Buffels-River/9911142007691 |access-date=2026-06-07 |website=ujcontent.uj.ac.za}}</ref><ref name=":1" /> == Isticmaalka bini'aadamka == Bulshooyinka ku dhex nool aagga ururinta biyaha ee Webiga Buffels waxay inta badan ku tiirsan yihiin ilaha biyaha dhulka hoose ee la xiriira kaydadka alluvial ee webiga. Taariikh ahaan, aagga ururinta biyuhu wuxuu taageeray macdanta naxaasta ee agagaarka Springbok, Okiep iyo Nababeep, iyo sidoo kale xoolo dhaqatada. Maareynta ilaha biyaha ee dooxada waxay diiradda saartaa isticmaalka joogtada ah ee biyaha dusha sare ee xaddidan iyo sahayda biyaha dhulka hoose ee deegaan engegan.<ref>{{cite book |title=Water Resources of South Africa 2012 |publisher=Water Research Commission}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=South African Atlas of Climatology and Agrohydrology |publisher=Water Research Commission}}</ref> == Muhiimada cilmiyeed == Webiga Buffels waxaa si joogto ah loogu soo xaqiijiyaa daraasadaha webiyada ku meel gaarka ah, dib u buuxinta biyaha dhulka hoose iyo haidroloojiga dhulka engegan ee koonfurta Afrika. Aaggiisa ururinta biyuhu wuxuu bixiyaa tusaale muhiim ah oo ku saabsan sida webiyada go'a u shaqeeyaan xaaladaha cimilada engegan, waxaana loo isticmaalay cilmi-baarista maareynta ilaha biyaha, joomorfoloojiga iyo geeddi-socodka deegaanka ee gobolka Namaqualand.<ref>{{cite book |title=Water Resources of South Africa 2012 |publisher=Water Research Commission}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=South African Atlas of Climatology and Agrohydrology |publisher=Water Research Commission}}</ref> == Tixraac == {{reflist}} 6xbtlvuvgnqgq9fh53lcoyab8t7t7wo 300634 300633 2026-07-03T10:59:18Z Isma4l 41797 /* Juqraafiga iyo Deegaanka */ 300634 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox river | mapframe = Yes | name = Webiga Buffels | map = South Africa Northern Cape location map.svg | map_size = 250 | map_caption = Goobta uu ku yaal Webiga Buffels ee Northern Cape, Koonfur Afrika | pushpin_map = South Africa | pushpin_map_caption = Afka Webiga Buffels oo u dhow kleinzee | subdivision_type1 = Dalka | subdivision_name1 = Koonfur Afrika | subdivision_type2 = Gobolka | subdivision_name2 = Northern Cape | source1 = Gobolka Kamiesberg | source1_location = Northern Cape | mouth = Badweynta Atlaantikada | mouth_location = U dhow Kleinzee | basin_size = ~9,250 km² | river_system = Nidaamka Webiga Buffels | mouth_coordinates = {{coord|29|40|35|S|17|3|8|E|display=inline,title}} }} '''Webiga Buffels''' waa [[webi]] qulqula oo keliya muddo gaaban ka dib marka uu roobku da'o, inta badan sannadkana waa uu engegan yahay. Wuxuu ku yaallaa [[Northern Cape|gobolka Northern Cape]] ee [[South Africa|Koonfur Afrika]]. Wuxuu dhex maraa gobolka abaartu u saaxiibka tahay ee [[Namaqualand]] wuxuuna guud ahaan u qulqulaa dhanka galbeed isagoo ku shubma [[Atlantic Ocean|Badweynta Atlaantikada]] meel u dhow [[Kleinzee]]. Webigu wuxuu ka kooban yahay qaabab qulqulatooyin oo aad u isbedbeddela, wuxuuna inta badan ku tiirsan yahay roobabka xilliyada leh ee ka da'a aaggiisa [[Drainage basin|ururinta biyaha]].<ref name=":0">{{cite web |title=The Buffels River catchment illustrating the drainage network and rainfall isohyets |url=https://www.researchgate.net/figure/The-Buffels-River-catchment-illustrating-the-drainage-network-and-rainfall-isohyets-The_fig1_49608860 |website=ResearchGate |access-date=7 June 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=The Evolution of Estuaries |doi=10.1016/j.yqres.2011.01.004 |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0033589411000159}}</ref> == Marinka iyo baaxadda koobidda == [[File:The Buffels River catchment.jpg|thumb|Aagga ururinta biyaha ee webiga oo muujinaya shabakadda bullaacadaha iyo isohyets roobka (sadarrada isku xira qodobbada hela roob isku mid ah muddo cayiman gudaheed).]] Webiga Buffels wuxuu ka bilaawdaa dhulka sare ee gudaha ee Northern Cape wuxuuna u qulqulaa dhanka galbeed isagoo dhex mara Namaqualand, wuxuu soo maraa degsiimooyin ay ka mid yihiin [[Springbok, South Africa|Springbok]], [[Nababeep]], iyo [[Okiep]] ka hor int uusan gaarin xeidda Atlaantikada u dhow Kleinzee, halkaas oo uu ka samayn karo af-gariir dabiici ah oo meel ku gaar ah xilliyada daadadka. Marinka guud ee webigu wuxuu dhererkiisu yahay qiyaastii {{Convert abbreviated|250|km|mi}}.<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last1=Benito |first1=G. |last2=Botero |first2=B. A. |last3=Thorndycraft |first3=V. R. |last4=Rico |first4=M. |last5=Sánchez-Moya |first5=Y. |last6=Sopeña |first6=A. |last7=Machado |first7=M. J. |last8=Dahan |first8=O. |date=2011-04-08 |title=Rainfall-runoff modelling and palaeoflood hydrology applied to reconstruct centennial scale records of flooding and aquifer recharge in ungauged ephemeral rivers |url=https://hess.copernicus.org/articles/15/1185/2011/ |journal=Hydrology and Earth System Sciences |language=en |volume=15 |issue=4 |pages=1185–1196 |doi=10.5194/hess-15-1185-2011 |doi-access=free |bibcode=2011HESS...15.1185B |issn=1607-7938}}</ref> Qaybihiisa hoose, webigu inta badan waa mid engegan oo kaliya qulqula roobab culus ka dib. Waa mid aad u dhalanteed ah (ephemeral), oo si adag u qulqula xilliyada daadadka degdegga ah iyo roobabka waaweyn, wuxuuna ahaanayaa mid gabi ahaanba engegan inta badan sannadka.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Van Gend |first1=J. |last2=Francis |first2=M. L. |last3=Watson |first3=A. P. |last4=Palcsu |first4=L. |last5=Horváth |first5=A. |last6=Macey |first6=P. H. |last7=Le Roux |first7=P. |last8=Clarke |first8=C. E. |last9=Miller |first9=J. A. |title=Impacts of climate change and human activities on water resources and water quality |journal=The Science of the Total Environment |year=2020 |volume=762 |doi=10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143140 |pmid=33131834 |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0048969720366705}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |date=2011-05-01 |title=Hydrological response of a dryland ephemeral river to southern African climatic variability during the last millennium |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0033589411000159 |journal=Quaternary Research |language=en-US |volume=75 |issue=3 |doi=10.1016/j.yqre |doi-broken-date=8 June 2026 |issn=0033-5894 |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20240421184612/https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0033589411000159 |archive-date=2024-04-21}}</ref> == Haidroloojiga == Webiga Buffels waa webi ku meel gaar ah oo qulqula oo keliya ka dib marka uu roobku da'o. Wuxuu miiraa aag ururin biyo ah oo qiyaastii ah 9,000–9,500&nbsp;km² wuxuuna inta badan ku tiirsan yahay roobabka jiilaalka ee u dhaxeeya May iyo September, inkastoo qaybta bari ee aagga ururinta biyuhu ay la kulanto roobab xagaagii ah oo wata onkod iyo hillaac.<ref name=":2" /> Roobabka gobolka ka da'a waxay u dhaxeeyaan 100&nbsp;mm iyo 300&nbsp;mm sannadkii, taas oo ka dhigaysa webiga mid aad ugu nugul daadad degdeg ah oo ay ku xigaan xilliyo engegan oo dhaadheer.<ref name=":0" /> Inta badan daadadku waxay dhacaan xilliga roobka jiilaalka, inkastoo roobabka xagaaga ee mararka qaarkood ay sababi karaan daadad degdeg ah.<ref name=":2" /> == Juqraafiga iyo Deegaanka == Webigu wuxuu dhex maraa gobolka jiilaalka ee Namaqualand, kaas oo ay ku badan yihiin [[granite]] qadiimi ah, [[gneiss]], iyo [[metamorphic rock|dhagaxaan metamorphis]] ah. Gobolku waa mid [[Semi-arid climate|nus-engegan]] oo leh dhir kooban oo la qabsaday xaaladaha abaaraha. Maadaama ciiddu ay tahay midgaboob oo dhagax leh, ma haysan karto biyo badan, sidaas darteed biyaha roobku si dhakhso ah ayay u socdaan roobka ka dib.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Research Portal |url=https://ujcontent.uj.ac.za/esploro/outputs/graduate/The-provenance-of-the-Buffels-River/9911142007691 |access-date=2026-06-07 |website=ujcontent.uj.ac.za}}</ref><ref name=":1" /> == Isticmaalka bini'aadamka == Bulshooyinka ku dhex nool aagga ururinta biyaha ee Webiga Buffels waxay inta badan ku tiirsan yihiin ilaha biyaha dhulka hoose ee la xiriira kaydadka alluvial ee webiga. Taariikh ahaan, aagga ururinta biyuhu wuxuu taageeray macdanta naxaasta ee agagaarka Springbok, Okiep iyo Nababeep, iyo sidoo kale xoolo dhaqatada. Maareynta ilaha biyaha ee dooxada waxay diiradda saartaa isticmaalka joogtada ah ee biyaha dusha sare ee xaddidan iyo sahayda biyaha dhulka hoose ee deegaan engegan.<ref>{{cite book |title=Water Resources of South Africa 2012 |publisher=Water Research Commission}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=South African Atlas of Climatology and Agrohydrology |publisher=Water Research Commission}}</ref> == Muhiimada cilmiyeed == Webiga Buffels waxaa si joogto ah loogu soo xaqiijiyaa daraasadaha webiyada ku meel gaarka ah, dib u buuxinta biyaha dhulka hoose iyo haidroloojiga dhulka engegan ee koonfurta Afrika. Aaggiisa ururinta biyuhu wuxuu bixiyaa tusaale muhiim ah oo ku saabsan sida webiyada go'a u shaqeeyaan xaaladaha cimilada engegan, waxaana loo isticmaalay cilmi-baarista maareynta ilaha biyaha, joomorfoloojiga iyo geeddi-socodka deegaanka ee gobolka Namaqualand.<ref>{{cite book |title=Water Resources of South Africa 2012 |publisher=Water Research Commission}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=South African Atlas of Climatology and Agrohydrology |publisher=Water Research Commission}}</ref> == Tixraac == {{reflist}} j91caa9vcq13xo8lsm6yjorneeidq5n 300635 300634 2026-07-03T10:59:43Z Isma4l 41797 300635 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox river | mapframe = Yes | name = Webiga Buffels | map = South Africa Northern Cape location map.svg | map_size = 250 | map_caption = Goobta uu ku yaal Webiga Buffels ee Northern Cape, Koonfur Afrika | pushpin_map = South Africa | pushpin_map_caption = Afka Webiga Buffels oo u dhow kleinzee | subdivision_type1 = Dalka | subdivision_name1 = Koonfur Afrika | subdivision_type2 = Gobolka | subdivision_name2 = Northern Cape | source1 = Gobolka Kamiesberg | source1_location = Northern Cape | mouth = Badweynta Atlaantikada | mouth_location = U dhow Kleinzee | basin_size = ~9,250 km² | river_system = Nidaamka Webiga Buffels | mouth_coordinates = {{coord|29|40|35|S|17|3|8|E|display=inline,title}} }} '''Webiga Buffels''' waa [[webi]] qulqula oo keliya muddo gaaban ka dib marka uu roobku da'o, inta badan sannadkana waa uu engegan yahay. Wuxuu ku yaallaa [[Northern Cape|gobolka Northern Cape]] ee [[South Africa|Koonfur Afrika]]. Wuxuu dhex maraa gobolka abaartu u saaxiibka tahay ee [[Namaqualand]] wuxuuna guud ahaan u qulqulaa dhanka galbeed isagoo ku shubma [[Atlantic Ocean|Badweynta Atlaantikada]] meel u dhow [[Kleinzee]]. Webigu wuxuu ka kooban yahay qaabab qulqulatooyin oo aad u isbedbeddela, wuxuuna inta badan ku tiirsan yahay roobabka xilliyada leh ee ka da'a aaggiisa [[Drainage basin|ururinta biyaha]].<ref name=":0">{{cite web |title=The Buffels River catchment illustrating the drainage network and rainfall isohyets |url=https://www.researchgate.net/figure/The-Buffels-River-catchment-illustrating-the-drainage-network-and-rainfall-isohyets-The_fig1_49608860 |website=ResearchGate |access-date=7 June 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=The Evolution of Estuaries |doi=10.1016/j.yqres.2011.01.004 |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0033589411000159}}</ref> == Marinka iyo baaxadda koobidda == [[File:The Buffels River catchment.jpg|thumb|Aagga ururinta biyaha ee webiga oo muujinaya shabakadda bullaacadaha iyo isohyets roobka (sadarrada isku xira qodobbada hela roob isku mid ah muddo cayiman gudaheed).]] Webiga Buffels wuxuu ka bilaawdaa dhulka sare ee gudaha ee Northern Cape wuxuuna u qulqulaa dhanka galbeed isagoo dhex mara Namaqualand, wuxuu soo maraa degsiimooyin ay ka mid yihiin [[Springbok, South Africa|Springbok]], [[Nababeep]], iyo [[Okiep]] ka hor int uusan gaarin xeidda Atlaantikada u dhow Kleinzee, halkaas oo uu ka samayn karo af-gariir dabiici ah oo meel ku gaar ah xilliyada daadadka. Marinka guud ee webigu wuxuu dhererkiisu yahay qiyaastii {{Convert abbreviated|250|km|mi}}.<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last1=Benito |first1=G. |last2=Botero |first2=B. A. |last3=Thorndycraft |first3=V. R. |last4=Rico |first4=M. |last5=Sánchez-Moya |first5=Y. |last6=Sopeña |first6=A. |last7=Machado |first7=M. J. |last8=Dahan |first8=O. |date=2011-04-08 |title=Rainfall-runoff modelling and palaeoflood hydrology applied to reconstruct centennial scale records of flooding and aquifer recharge in ungauged ephemeral rivers |url=https://hess.copernicus.org/articles/15/1185/2011/ |journal=Hydrology and Earth System Sciences |language=en |volume=15 |issue=4 |pages=1185–1196 |doi=10.5194/hess-15-1185-2011 |doi-access=free |bibcode=2011HESS...15.1185B |issn=1607-7938}}</ref> Qaybihiisa hoose, webigu inta badan waa mid engegan oo kaliya qulqula roobab culus ka dib. Waa mid aad u dhalanteed ah (ephemeral), oo si adag u qulqula xilliyada daadadka degdegga ah iyo roobabka waaweyn, wuxuuna ahaanayaa mid gabi ahaanba engegan inta badan sannadka.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Van Gend |first1=J. |last2=Francis |first2=M. L. |last3=Watson |first3=A. P. |last4=Palcsu |first4=L. |last5=Horváth |first5=A. |last6=Macey |first6=P. H. |last7=Le Roux |first7=P. |last8=Clarke |first8=C. E. |last9=Miller |first9=J. A. |title=Impacts of climate change and human activities on water resources and water quality |journal=The Science of the Total Environment |year=2020 |volume=762 |doi=10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143140 |pmid=33131834 |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0048969720366705}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |date=2011-05-01 |title=Hydrological response of a dryland ephemeral river to southern African climatic variability during the last millennium |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0033589411000159 |journal=Quaternary Research |language=en-US |volume=75 |issue=3 |doi=10.1016/j.yqre |doi-broken-date=8 June 2026 |issn=0033-5894 |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20240421184612/https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0033589411000159 |archive-date=2024-04-21}}</ref> == Biyaha == Webiga Buffels waa webi ku meel gaar ah oo qulqula oo keliya ka dib marka uu roobku da'o. Wuxuu miiraa aag ururin biyo ah oo qiyaastii ah 9,000–9,500&nbsp;km² wuxuuna inta badan ku tiirsan yahay roobabka jiilaalka ee u dhaxeeya May iyo September, inkastoo qaybta bari ee aagga ururinta biyuhu ay la kulanto roobab xagaagii ah oo wata onkod iyo hillaac.<ref name=":2" /> Roobabka gobolka ka da'a waxay u dhaxeeyaan 100&nbsp;mm iyo 300&nbsp;mm sannadkii, taas oo ka dhigaysa webiga mid aad ugu nugul daadad degdeg ah oo ay ku xigaan xilliyo engegan oo dhaadheer.<ref name=":0" /> Inta badan daadadku waxay dhacaan xilliga roobka jiilaalka, inkastoo roobabka xagaaga ee mararka qaarkood ay sababi karaan daadad degdeg ah.<ref name=":2" /> == Juqraafiga iyo Deegaanka == Webigu wuxuu dhex maraa gobolka jiilaalka ee Namaqualand, kaas oo ay ku badan yihiin [[granite]] qadiimi ah, [[gneiss]], iyo [[metamorphic rock|dhagaxaan metamorphis]] ah. Gobolku waa mid [[Semi-arid climate|nus-engegan]] oo leh dhir kooban oo la qabsaday xaaladaha abaaraha. Maadaama ciiddu ay tahay midgaboob oo dhagax leh, ma haysan karto biyo badan, sidaas darteed biyaha roobku si dhakhso ah ayay u socdaan roobka ka dib.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Research Portal |url=https://ujcontent.uj.ac.za/esploro/outputs/graduate/The-provenance-of-the-Buffels-River/9911142007691 |access-date=2026-06-07 |website=ujcontent.uj.ac.za}}</ref><ref name=":1" /> == Isticmaalka bini'aadamka == Bulshooyinka ku dhex nool aagga ururinta biyaha ee Webiga Buffels waxay inta badan ku tiirsan yihiin ilaha biyaha dhulka hoose ee la xiriira kaydadka alluvial ee webiga. Taariikh ahaan, aagga ururinta biyuhu wuxuu taageeray macdanta naxaasta ee agagaarka Springbok, Okiep iyo Nababeep, iyo sidoo kale xoolo dhaqatada. Maareynta ilaha biyaha ee dooxada waxay diiradda saartaa isticmaalka joogtada ah ee biyaha dusha sare ee xaddidan iyo sahayda biyaha dhulka hoose ee deegaan engegan.<ref>{{cite book |title=Water Resources of South Africa 2012 |publisher=Water Research Commission}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=South African Atlas of Climatology and Agrohydrology |publisher=Water Research Commission}}</ref> == Muhiimada cilmiyeed == Webiga Buffels waxaa si joogto ah loogu soo xaqiijiyaa daraasadaha webiyada ku meel gaarka ah, dib u buuxinta biyaha dhulka hoose iyo haidroloojiga dhulka engegan ee koonfurta Afrika. Aaggiisa ururinta biyuhu wuxuu bixiyaa tusaale muhiim ah oo ku saabsan sida webiyada go'a u shaqeeyaan xaaladaha cimilada engegan, waxaana loo isticmaalay cilmi-baarista maareynta ilaha biyaha, joomorfoloojiga iyo geeddi-socodka deegaanka ee gobolka Namaqualand.<ref>{{cite book |title=Water Resources of South Africa 2012 |publisher=Water Research Commission}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=South African Atlas of Climatology and Agrohydrology |publisher=Water Research Commission}}</ref> == Tixraac == {{reflist}} 36htv5r2j1yh5gymjr410i4l2sva1kc 0 48490 300636 2026-07-03T11:03:37Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 300636 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox river | name = Webiga Groot | native_name = | native_name_lang = | name_other = | name_etymology = Waxay ka timid ''Grootrivier'', oo macnaheedu yahay "webi weyn" ee [[Afrikaans language|Luqadda Afrikaanka]] <!---------------------- IMAGE & MAP --> | image = | image_size = | image_caption = | map = | map_size = | map_caption = | pushpin_map = South Africa | pushpin_map_size = | pushpin_map_caption= Goobta uu ku yaal afka Webiga Groot <!---------------------- LOCATION --> | subdivision_type1 = Dalka | subdivision_name1 = [[South Africa|Koonfur Afrika]] | subdivision_type2 = Gobolka | subdivision_name2 = [[Eastern Cape]] | subdivision_type3 = | subdivision_name3 = | subdivision_type4 = | subdivision_name4 = | subdivision_type5 = | subdivision_name5 = <!---------------------- PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS --> | length = | width_min = | width_avg = | width_max = | depth_min = | depth_avg = | depth_max = | discharge1_location= | discharge1_min = | discharge1_avg = | discharge1_max = <!---------------------- BASIN FEATURES --> | source1 = _ | source1_location = | source1_coordinates= | source1_elevation = | source_confluence = Isku-darka [[Kariega River (Groot River)|Kariega]] iyo [[Sout River|Sout]] | source_confluence_location = | source_confluence_coordinates= | source_confluence_elevation = | mouth = [[Gamtoos River|Webiga Gamtoos]] | mouth_location = Isku-darka uu la qaato [[Kouga River|Webiga Kouga]] | mouth_coordinates = {{coord|33|44|45|S|24|36|55|E|display=inline,title}} | mouth_elevation = {{convert|90|m|abbr=on}} | progression = | river_system = | basin_size = | tributaries_left = | tributaries_right = | custom_label = | custom_data = | extra = }} '''Webiga Groot''' waa webi ku yaal aagga koonfureed ee gobolka [[Eastern Cape]] ee dalka [[South Africa|Koonfur Afrika]]. Waa laan midig kaga biirta [[Gamtoos River|Webiga Gamtoos]].<ref>[http://www.ru.ac.za/static/institutes/iwr//wetland/data/GamtoosSYSTEM/GamtoosSystemReport.pdf Catchment L, the Gamtoos River System] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141222080910/http://www.ru.ac.za/static/institutes/iwr/wetland/data/GamtoosSYSTEM/GamtoosSystemReport.pdf |date=2014-12-22 }}</ref> Webigan wuxuu soo maraa [[Steytlerville]]. ==Marinka== Webiga Groot wuxuu ka bilaawdaa barta ay ku kulmaan [[Kariega River (Groot River)|Webiga Kariega]] iyo [[Sout River|Webiga Sout]], inkastoo ay galaan [[Beervlei Dam|Biyo-xireenka Beervlei]] iyagoo ah Webiga Sout. Biyo-xireenka ka dib, webigu wuxuu noqdaa Webiga Groot, isagoo u qulqulaya dhanka koonfur-bari. U dhow magaalada Steytlerville wuxuu xoogaa u leexdaa dhanka koonfureed ka hor int uusan u dhaqaaqin dhanka bari markale, ugu dambeyntiina wuxuu u qalloocdaa dhanka koonfureed ka hor int uusan ku biirin [[Kouga River|Webiga Kouga]] si ay u foomiyaan Gamtoos marka ay isku darsamaan.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.dwaf.gov.za/iwqs/rhp/eco/FROC/WMA15FishTsitsikamma.jpg |title=Fish Tsitsikamma WMA 15 |access-date=28 March 2012 |archive-date=30 June 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170630195400/http://www.dwaf.gov.za/iwqs/rhp/eco/FROC/WMA15FishTsitsikamma.jpg |url-status=dead }}</ref> ==Tixraac== {{reflist}} {{Commons}} nfa1bxgul1kvhp30ifb1m7liklnyvnd 0 48491 300638 2026-07-03T11:08:30Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 300638 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox river | name = Webiga Vet | native_name = {{native name|naq|Geigoub}} | native_name_lang = | name_other = | name_etymology = Waxaa loogu turjumay [[Afrikaans|Afrikaans]] magiciisa luqadda [[Khoekhoe language|Khoekhoe-da]] ee ''Geigoub'', oo macnaheedu yahay 'baruur weyn'.<ref>[https://archive.org/stream/DictionaryOfSouthernAfricanPlaceNames/SaPlaceNames_djvu.txt Dictionary of Southern African Place Names]</ref> <!---------------------- IMAGE & MAP --> | image = Bloemhof Dam. View from the Freestate side.jpg | image_size = | image_caption = [[Bloemhof Dam|Biyo-xireenka Bloemhof]], halka ay isku darsamaan Webiga Vet iyo Webiga Vaal | map = {{maplink|frame=yes|plain=yes |id1=Q3644278|type1=line|stroke-colour1=#4271ae|stroke-width1=5 |id2=Q120703103|type2=line|stroke-colour2=#4271ae|stroke-width2=5|title2=Groot-Vetrivier |id3=Q64704063|type3=line|stroke-colour3=#4271ae|stroke-width3=5|title3=Klein-Vetrivier}} | map_size = | map_caption = | pushpin_map = South Africa | pushpin_map_size = | pushpin_map_caption= Goobta uu ku yaal afka Webiga Vet <!---------------------- LOCATION --> | subdivision_type1 = Dalka | subdivision_name1 = [[South Africa|Koonfur Afrika]] | subdivision_type2 = | subdivision_name2 = | subdivision_type3 = Region | subdivision_name3 = [[Free State (South African province)|Free State]] | subdivision_type4 = | subdivision_name4 = | subdivision_type5 = | subdivision_name5 = <!---------------------- PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS --> | length = | width_min = | width_avg = | width_max = | depth_min = | depth_avg = | depth_max = | discharge1_location= | discharge1_min = | discharge1_avg = | discharge1_max = <!---------------------- BASIN FEATURES --> | source1 = | source1_location = U dhaxeysa [[Marquard]] iyo [[Clocolan]] | source1_coordinates= | source1_elevation = {{convert|1269|m|abbr=on}} | mouth = [[Vaal River|Webiga Vaal]] | mouth_location = [[Bloemhof Dam|Biyo-xireenka Bloemhof]] | mouth_coordinates = {{coord|27|41|S|25|40|E|display=inline,title}} | mouth_elevation = {{convert|1241|m|abbr=on}} | progression = | river_system = | basin_size = | tributaries_left = | tributaries_right = [[Sand River (Free State)|Webiga Sand]] | custom_label = | custom_data = | extra = }} '''Webiga Vet''' ({{langx|af|Vetrivier}}, "webiga baruurta") waa laan ka tirsan [[Vaal River|Webiga Vaal]] oo u qulqulaya dhanka galbeed, kuna yaal bartamaha [[South Africa|Koonfur Afrika]]. Ishiisu waxay u dhaxeysaa [[Marquard]] iyo [[Clocolan]] wuxuuna Webiga Vet qiyaastii u qulqulaa dhanka waqooyi-galbeed si uu ugula kulmo Vaal dhanka [[Bloemhof Dam|Biyo-xireenka Bloemhof]] u dhow [[Hoopstad]]. [[Erfenis Dam|Biyo-xireenka Erfenis]] waxaa laga dhisay webigan si uu biyo ugu fariisiyo magaalada [[Theunissen]].<ref>Op pad in Suid-Afrika. 1995. Bl 263</ref> ==Laamaha== [[image:10 of 'History of the Boers in South Africa ... with three maps' (11189449154), crop.jpg|thumb|left|Webiga Vet (badhtamaha midig) ee khariidaddii 1887]] Laantiisa ugu weyn waa [[Sand River (Free State)|Webiga Sand]] kaas oo kaga soo biira dhanka bari. Webiga saxda ah ee Vet wuxuu ka foomamaa barta ay ku kulmaan Klein Vet iyo Groot Vet ee dhanka sare ee Biyo-xireenka Erfenis.<ref>[http://www.dwaf.gov.za/iwqs/rhp/eco/FROC/WMA9MiddleVaal.jpg Middle Vaal WMA 9]</ref> {{clear left}} == Tixraac == <references/> ==Xiriirinta dibadda== *[https://web.archive.org/web/20071025125021/http://www.environment.gov.za/soer/reports/rivers/free%20state/Free%20State.pdf Free State Region River Systems] *[http://samilitaryhistory.org/vol103sa.html Military History Journal, Vol 10 No 3 - The skirmish at Vet River, 1846] dg7tvlw72rgwe8sw4rncvag72c66t9s 0 48492 300639 2026-07-03T11:11:05Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 300639 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox river | name = Webiga Diep | native_name = | native_name_lang = | name_other = | name_etymology = Luqadda [[Afrikaans]] ku ah dheer ama qoto dheer <!---------------------- IMAGE & MAP --> | image = Cape of Good Hope Iss059e078303 lrg, Diep River.jpg | image_size = 250px | image_caption = Marinka Webiga Diep oo la arkayo isagoo dhex maraya beeraha qamadiga ee [[Swartland]] | map = Rivers of Cape Region RSA OSM.png | map_size = | map_caption = Webiyada gobolka Cape iyadoo Webiga Diep uu yahay (bidix) | pushpin_map = | pushpin_map_size = | pushpin_map_caption= <!---------------------- LOCATION --> | subdivision_type1 = Dalka | subdivision_name1 = [[South Africa|Koonfur Afrika]] | subdivision_type2 = | subdivision_name2 = | subdivision_type3 = Region | subdivision_name3 = Gobolka [[Western Cape]] | subdivision_type4 = | subdivision_name4 = | subdivision_type5 = | subdivision_name5 = <!---------------------- PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS --> | length = | width_min = | width_avg = | width_max = | depth_min = | depth_avg = | depth_max = | discharge1_location= | discharge1_min = | discharge1_avg = | discharge1_max = <!---------------------- BASIN FEATURES --> | source1 = | source1_location = | source1_coordinates= | source1_elevation = | mouth = | mouth_location = | mouth_coordinates = | mouth_elevation = | progression = | river_system = | basin_size = | tributaries_left = | tributaries_right = | custom_label = | custom_data = | extra = }} '''Webiga Diep''' (Afrikaans ''Dieprivier''), wuxuu miiraa aagga u dhaxeeya Buurta Kasteel (waqooyiga [[Malmesbury, South Africa|Malmesbury]]) iyo jiidda waqooyi ee Buuraha Durbanville, ee ku yaal [[Western Cape]], oo ah gobol ka tirsan [[South Africa|Koonfur Afrika]]. == Tixraac == <references /> {{coord|33.3667|S|18.8500|E|source:wikidata|display=title}} cxfklkov1ruucteykxcuz1t2jxyr1tu 300640 300639 2026-07-03T11:11:47Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 300640 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox river | name = Webiga Diep | native_name = | native_name_lang = | name_other = | name_etymology = Luqadda [[Afrikaans]] ku ah dheer ama qoto dheer <!---------------------- IMAGE & MAP --> | image = Cape of Good Hope Iss059e078303 lrg, Diep River.jpg | image_size = 250px | image_caption = Marinka Webiga Diep oo la arkayo isagoo dhex maraya beeraha qamadiga ee [[Swartland]] | map = Rivers of Cape Region RSA OSM.png | map_size = | map_caption = Webiyada gobolka Cape iyadoo Webiga Diep uu yahay (bidix) | pushpin_map = | pushpin_map_size = | pushpin_map_caption= <!---------------------- LOCATION --> | subdivision_type1 = Dalka | subdivision_name1 = [[South Africa|Koonfur Afrika]] | subdivision_type2 = | subdivision_name2 = | subdivision_type3 = Region | subdivision_name3 = Gobolka [[Western Cape]] | subdivision_type4 = | subdivision_name4 = | subdivision_type5 = | subdivision_name5 = <!---------------------- PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS --> | length = | width_min = | width_avg = | width_max = | depth_min = | depth_avg = | depth_max = | discharge1_location= | discharge1_min = | discharge1_avg = | discharge1_max = <!---------------------- BASIN FEATURES --> | source1 = | source1_location = | source1_coordinates= | source1_elevation = | mouth = | mouth_location = | mouth_coordinates = | mouth_elevation = | progression = | river_system = | basin_size = | tributaries_left = | tributaries_right = | custom_label = | custom_data = | extra = }} '''Webiga Diep''' ({{langx|af|Dieprivier}}), wuxuu miiraa aagga u dhaxeeya Buurta Kasteel (waqooyiga [[Malmesbury, South Africa|Malmesbury]]) iyo jiidda waqooyi ee Buuraha Durbanville, ee ku yaal [[Western Cape]], oo ah gobol ka tirsan [[South Africa|Koonfur Afrika]]. == Tixraac == <references /> {{coord|33.3667|S|18.8500|E|source:wikidata|display=title}} 0938fv2mki7hugz3sp6qpswkj96wxxr 0 48493 300641 2026-07-03T11:14:27Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 300641 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox river | name = Webiga Diep | native_name = | native_name_lang = | name_other = | name_etymology = Luqadda [[Afrikaans]] ku ah 'webi qoto dheer'<ref>[https://archive.org/stream/DictionaryOfSouthernAfricanPlaceNames/SaPlaceNames_djvu.txt Dictionary of Southern African Place Names]</ref> <!---------------------- IMAGE & MAP --> | image = | image_size = | image_caption = | map = | map_size = | map_caption = | pushpin_map = South Africa | pushpin_map_size = | pushpin_map_caption= Goobta uu ku yaal afka Webiga Diep <!---------------------- LOCATION --> | subdivision_type1 = Dalka | subdivision_name1 = [[South Africa|Koonfur Afrika]] | subdivision_type2 = | subdivision_name2 = | subdivision_type3 = [[Provinces of South Africa|Gobolka]] | subdivision_name3 = [[Limpopo]] | subdivision_type4 = | subdivision_name4 = | subdivision_type5 = | subdivision_name5 = <!---------------------- PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS --> | length = | width_min = | width_avg = | width_max = | depth_min = | depth_avg = | depth_max = | discharge1_location= | discharge1_min = | discharge1_avg = | discharge1_max = <!---------------------- BASIN FEATURES --> | source1 = | source1_location = SSE ee [[Polokwane]] | source1_coordinates= | source1_elevation = {{convert|1450|m|abbr=on}} | mouth = [[Sand River (Polokwane)|Webiga Sand (Polokwane)]] | mouth_location = [[Limpopo Province|Gobolka Limpopo]] | mouth_coordinates = {{coord|23|41|23|S|29|35|46|E|display=inline,title}} | mouth_elevation = {{convert|1116|m|abbr=on}} | progression = | river_system = | basin_size = | tributaries_left = | tributaries_right = [[Turfloop]] | custom_label = | custom_data = | extra = }} '''Webiga Diep''' waa webi ku yaal waqooyiga [[Limpopo Province|Gobolka Limpopo]], [[South Africa|Koonfur Afrika]]. Waa laan kaga biirta [[Sand River (Limpopo)|Webiga Sand (Polokwane)]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Diep River {{!}} 6 km, South Africa |url=https://waterwaymap.org/river/Diep%20River%20000178947486/ |access-date=2026-06-05 |website=waterwaymap.org}}</ref> Diep waa webi xilliyeed ka bilaawda qiyaastii 12&nbsp;km dhanka SSE ee [[Polokwane]] wuxuuna guud ahaan u qulqulaa dhanka waqooyi ilaa uu ku biiro Webiga Sand, qiyaastii 22&nbsp;km waqooyi-bari isla magaaladaas. Iskugutgmidda waxay ku taal isla marka uu [[Turfloop River|Webiga Turfloop]], oo ah laantiisa kaliya ee muhiimka ah, uu kaga soo biiro dhanka bangigiisa midig. == Tixraac == {{reflist}} == Xiriirinta dibadda == *[http://www.dwaf.gov.za/iwqs/rhp/eco/FROC/WMA1Limpopo.jpg Limpopo WMA1] 5gh9xsrxpr1ecm6svjgz35dwryjb54d 0 48494 300650 2026-07-03T11:45:06Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 300650 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox river | name = Webiga Doring | native_name = | native_name_lang = | name_other = | name_etymology = <!---------------------- IMAGE & MAP --> | image = | image_size = | image_caption = | map = | map_size = | map_caption = | pushpin_map = South Africa | pushpin_map_size = | pushpin_map_caption= Goobta uu ku yaal afka Webiga Doring/Oudrif <!---------------------- LOCATION --> | subdivision_type1 = Dalka | subdivision_name1 = [[South Africa|Koonfur Afrika]] | subdivision_type2 = Gobolka | subdivision_name2 = [[Western Cape]] | subdivision_type3 = | subdivision_name3 = | subdivision_type4 = | subdivision_name4 = | subdivision_type5 = | subdivision_name5 = <!---------------------- PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS --> | length = | width_min = | width_avg = | width_max = | depth_min = | depth_avg = | depth_max = | discharge1_location= | discharge1_min = | discharge1_avg = | discharge1_max = <!---------------------- BASIN FEATURES --> | source1 = | source1_location = Woqooyi-bari ee [[Ceres, Western Cape|Ceres]] | source1_coordinates= | source1_elevation = | mouth = Sida Webiga Oudrif | mouth_location = Isku-darka | mouth_coordinates = {{coord|31|52|26|S|18|38|23|E|display=inline,title}} | mouth_elevation = {{convert|44|m|abbr=on}} | progression = | river_system = | basin_size = | tributaries_left = | tributaries_right = | custom_label = | custom_data = | extra = }} [[File:Dore.jpg | thumb | right]] '''Webiga Doring''' ({{langx|af|Doringrivier}}) waa webi ku yaal [[Western Cape Province|Gobolka Western Cape]], [[South Africa|Koonfur Afrika]]. Wuxuu qayb ka yahay nidaamka [[Olifants/Doring River|Webiga Olifants/Doring]].<ref>[http://www.ewisa.co.za/misc/RiverWCDoring/DoringRiver.htm Rivers in South Africa - Doring River]</ref> Magaca 'Doring' waxaa sidoo kale loo isticmaalaa qayb ka mid ah Webiga Sout, oo ah laan kale oo Olifants ah, bartamaha marinkiisa.<ref>[http://www.dwaf.gov.za/iwqs/rhp/eco/FROC/WMA17OlifantsDoorn.jpg Olifants/Doorn WMA 17]</ref> ==Marinka== Webiga Doring wuxuu ka bilaawdaa woqooyi-bari ee [[Ceres, Western Cape|Ceres]] wuxuuna ku biiraa [[Olifants River (Western Cape)|Webiga Olifants]] u dhow magaalada [[Klawer]] asagoo ah Webiga Oudrif ka dib marka uu la kulmo Webiga Koebee. Laamaha ku biira waxaa ka mid ah Webiga Tankwa, [[Riet River (Doring)|Webiga Riet]], Webiga Wolf iyo Webiga Brandewyn.<ref>[http://www.dwaf.gov.za/iwqs/rhp/eco/FROC/WMA17OlifantsDoorn.jpg Olifants/Doorn WMA 17]</ref> ==Deegaanka== Kalluunka [[Clanwilliam Yellowfish]] (''Labeobarbus capensis''), oo ah nooc deegaanka u [[endemism|gaar ah]] oo ay [[IUCN]] u kala saartay inuu yahay [[Vulnerable species|mid u nugul baaba'a]], ayaa laga helaa Doring iyo webiyada kale ee dooxadiisa.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.wrc.org.za/Knowledge%20Hub%20Documents/Research%20Reports/KV212-web-conservation.pdf |title=Technical Report on the State of Yellowfishes in South Africa 2007 |access-date=2012-03-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170629065416/http://www.wrc.org.za/Knowledge%20Hub%20Documents/Research%20Reports/KV212-web-conservation.pdf |archive-date=2017-06-29 |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Tixraac == {{reflist}} ==Xiriirinta dibadda== *[http://www.wrc.org.za/Knowledge%20Hub%20Documents/Research%20Reports/1483-1-09.pdf The Influence of Hydraulics, Hydrology and Temperature on the Distribution, Habitat, Use and Recruitment of Threatened Cyprinids in a Western Cape River, South Africa] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304083759/http://www.wrc.org.za/Knowledge%20Hub%20Documents/Research%20Reports/1483-1-09.pdf |date=4 March 2016 }} * [http://www.dwaf.gov.za/iwqs/gis_apps/dam/dams/index.htm List of South African Dams] from the Department of Water Affairs and Forestry (South Africa) 1s61nqnp9w131lhtfypcgca0goyh9fl 0 48495 300652 2026-07-03T11:48:47Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 300652 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement | name = Salt River | mapframe = yes | mapframe-wikidata = yes | map_caption = Khariidadda jidka ee Salt River | pushpin_map = | coordinates = {{coord|33|55|58|S|18|27|27|E|region:ZA|display=inline,title}} | subdivision_type = Dalka | subdivision_name = [[South Africa|Koonfur Afrika]] | subdivision_type1 = Gobolka | subdivision_name1 = [[Western Cape]] | subdivision_type2 = Degmada | subdivision_type3 = Dawladda Hoose | subdivision_name3 = [[City of Cape Town Metropolitan Municipality|City of Cape Town]] | subdivision_type4 = Goobta Muhiimka ah | subdivision_name4 = [[Cape Town]] | established_title = La aasaasay | leader_party = [[Democratic Alliance (South Africa)|DA]] | leader_title = [[Councillor|Xildhibaan]] | leader_name = Bernadette Le Roux | area_footnotes = <ref name="census2011">{{cite web |url=http://census2011.adrianfrith.com/place/199041017 |title = Sub Place Salt River |work=Census 2011}} </ref> | area_total_km2 = 2.75 | population_footnotes = <ref name="census2011" /> | population_total = 6577 | population_as_of = 2011 | population_density_km2 = auto <!-- demographics (section 1) --> | demographics_type1 = Qaab-dhismeedka qowmiyadaha (2011) | demographics1_footnotes = <ref name="census2011" /> | demographics1_title1 = [[Bantu peoples of South Africa|Madow Afrikaan]] | demographics1_info1 = 39.5% | demographics1_title2 = [[Coloureds|Midabka isku dhafka ah (Coloured)]] | demographics1_info2 = 45.0% | demographics1_title3 = [[Indian South African|Aasiya]]/[[Asian South African|Hindi]] | demographics1_info3 = 3.8% | demographics1_title4 = [[White South African|Putiin]] | demographics1_info4 = 6.6% | demographics1_title5 = Kuwa kale | demographics1_info5 = 5.1% <!-- demographics (section 2) --> | demographics_type2 = [[First language|Luqadda koowaad]] (2011) | demographics2_footnotes = <ref name="census2011" /> | demographics2_title1 = [[English language|Ingiriisi]] | demographics2_info1 = 56.5% | demographics2_title2 = [[Afrikaans]] | demographics2_info2 = 15.9% | demographics2_title3 = [[Xhosa language|Xhosa]] | demographics2_info3 = 10.1% | demographics2_title4 = [[Zulu language|Zulu]] | demographics2_info4 = 1.8% | demographics2_title5 = Kuwa kale | demographics2_info5 = 15.7% <!-- blank fields (section 2) --> <!-- Other information --> | timezone1 = [[South African Standard Time|SAST]] | utc_offset1 = +2 | postal_code_type = [[List of postal codes in South Africa|Xeerka boostada]] (jidka) | postal_code = 7925 | postal2_code_type = [[Post-office box|Khaanadda boostada]] | postal2_code = | area_code_type = [[Telephone numbers in South Africa|Xeerka aagga]] }} '''Salt River''' waa xaafad ka tirsan [[Cape Town]], kuna taal u dhow [[Table Bay]], dhanka bari ee [[Cape Town CBD]].<ref name= "Salt River">{{cite web|url= https://www.sa-venues.com/attractionswc/salt-river.php |title= Salt River |author= |publisher= SAVenues |date= |access-date= 14 January 2026 }}</ref> Aaggan waxaa lagu yaqaannaa xiriirka uu la leeyahay warshadaha [[Clothing industry|dharka]] iyo [[textiles industry|dharka la dhotay]]. Magaca Salt River waa turjumaad ka timid luqadda [[Dutch language|Hollandeeska]] oo ah "Soutrivier". == Taariikh == Kahor intaan loo aasaasin sidii xaafad ka tirsan [[Cape Town]], aagga waxaa degganaa qabiilka Goringhaiqua ee [[Khoikhoi]]. Sannadkii 1510 wuxuu ahaa madasha [[Battle of Salt River|Dagaalkii Salt River]] ee u dhaxeeyay Boortaqiiska iyo Goringhaiqua. Salt River oo mar ahaan jirtay meel aad u horumarsan oo Cape Town ka tirsan sababtoo ah u dhowaanshaheeda CBD, waxay ahayd wadnaha warshadaha ee Cape Town. Warshadaha birta iyo tareennada ayaa muhiim u ahaa horumarkii hore ee xaafadda sababtoo ah ballaarinta shabakadda tareennada ee horraantii 1900-meeyadii.{{citation needed|date=January 2026}} Ilaa dabayaaqadii 1980-meeyadii, warshadaha caanka ah waxaa sidoo kale ka mid ahaa waxbshada dharka iyo samaynta dharka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, sababtoo ah soo qulqulka dhar raqiis ah oo dibadda laga keeno, qaar badan oo ka mid ah warshadaha dharka ayaa xirmay, waxaana dib loogu sameeyay qaabayn cusub.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200503071209.html|title=Rex Trueform Reels After Loss of US Deal|date=7 March 2005|publisher=AllAfrica.com|access-date=16 December 2011}}</ref> Sababtoo ah u dhowaanshaha Salt River ee [[Cape Town CBD]] iyo warshado waaweyn oo wax soo saar, xaafaddu waxay caan ka noqotay dadka [[Cape Malays|Cape Malay-ga]] iyo dabaqadda shaqada ee loo yaqaan [[coloureds|midabka isku dhafka ah]]. Dad badan oo Cape Malay iyo dadka midabka isku dhafka ah leh ayaa ka soo guuray [[District Six]] una soo guuray Salt River dabayaaqadii 1950-meeyadii iyo horraantii 1960-meeyadii, xitaa ka hor "raristii qasabka ahayd" ee District Six, taas oo dhacday qiyaastii 1967.{{citation needed|date=January 2026}} Cape Malay-ga iyo dadka midabka isku dhafka ah waxay ka iibsan kareen guryo Salt River, laakiin Hindida ma iibsan karin. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Hindida waxaa loo oggolaaday inay degaan Salt River haddii ay iibsadaan ama kireystaan guri ku dheggan dukaan [[groceries|raashinka]] oo geeska ku yaal.{{citation needed|date=January 2026}} Tobankii sano ee xigay, ganacsiyo badan oo deegaanka ah ayaa xirmay, halka shaqo la'aanta iyo dambiyaduba ay kordheen. Korodhka kooxaha burcadda ah iyo isticmaalka daroogada ee xaafadda bartamihii 1990-meeyadii waxay keentay in la aasaaso kooxda hubaysan ee [[PAGAD]].{{citation needed|date=January 2026}} Sannadkii 2010, Salt River waxaa loo qoondeeyay dib-u-noolayn qayb ka ah qorshaha cusboonaysiinta magaalooyinka ee ku kacaya [[South African rand|R]]20 bilyan ee guud ahaan Cape Town.<ref>[http://www.iolproperty.co.za/roller/news/entry/cape_town_s_r20bn_facelift/ Cape Town's R20bn facelift] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100420044956/http://www.iolproperty.co.za/roller/news/entry/cape_town_s_r20bn_facelift |date=20 April 2010 }}</ref> Sannadihii ugu dambeeyay, xaafaddu waxay martay isbeddel dhanka casriyeynta ah (gentrification), qiimaha guryahana wuxuu noqday mid kordha. Laga bilaabo Janaayo 2026, celceliska qiimaha guri [[condo]] ah oo 2 qol ka kooban oo ku yaal Salt River wuxuu ahaa R2.33 milyan.<ref name= "Apartments / Flats for Sale in Salt River">{{cite web|url= https://www.property24.com/apartments-for-sale/salt-river/cape-town/western-cape/10158?sp=bd%3d2%26so%3dPriceLow |title= Apartments / Flats for Sale in Salt River |author= |publisher= property24 |date= |access-date= 14 January 2026 }}</ref> == Juqraafi == Salt River waxaa loogu magac daray webi isla magacaas leh. [[Salt River (river, Cape Town)|Webiga Salt River]] waxaa foomiya isku-darka webiyada [[Liesbeek River|Liesbeek]] iyo [[Black River (Cape Town)|Black River]]. Webiga waa la kaniilay wuxuuna ku shubmaa [[Table Bay]] inta u dhaxeysa [[Paarden Eiland]] iyo [[Brooklyn, Cape Town|Brooklyn]]. Webiga Salt waxay ku taal qiyaastii 4km u jirta Cape Town CBD, 8km u jirta Sea Point, 8km u jirta Century City, iyo 14km u jirta Garoonka Caalamiga ah ee Cape Town. Waxaa ku hareeraysan aagag kale oo isticmaalka isku dhafka ah leh; kuwaas oo kala ah Woodstock, Observatory, Foreshore, Paarden Eiland, Maitland, iyo Ndabeni. == Qaab-dhismeedka == Salt River waa [[mixed-use development|aag isticmaalka isku dhafka ah leh]], oo ka kooban meelo tafaariiqda ah, ganacsi, [[light industrial|warshado fudud]], iyo guryo la dego. In ka badan kala badh aagga xaafadda (qaybta waqooyi-bari) waxaa deggen meelo la xiriira tareennada, baabuurta, iyo bakhaarrada. Marka la eego guryaha, xaafaddu waxay u badan tahay guryo dabaqyo ah oo dhererkoodu hooseeyo ama dhexdhexaad yahay (condos), laakiin waxay leedahay guryo gooni u taoggan oo qaarkood ah sidoo kale.<ref name= "Property for Sale in Salt River">{{cite web|url= https://www.property24.com/for-sale/salt-river/cape-town/western-cape/10158?sp=bd%3d2%26so%3dPriceLow |title= Property for Sale in Salt River |author= |publisher= property24 |date= |access-date= 14 January 2026 }}</ref> == Goobaha caanka ah == * [[Community House (Salt River, Cape Town)|Community House]], oo ah goob taariikhi ah oo loogu talagalay u-dhaqdhaqaaqa bulshada taas oo hoos geysa ururro badan oo [[NGO]]-yo ah iyo [[trade union|ururrada shaqaalaha]] == Tixraac == {{reflist}} {{commons category}} onqbbgolise6mheqs04qyld3akcbnf2 0 48496 300653 2026-07-03T11:51:30Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 300653 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox river | name = Webiga Sand | native_name = {{native name|nso|Polokwane}} | name_other = Sandrivier | name_etymology = ''Polokwane'' oo macnaheedu yahay "meesha badbaadada" ee [[Northern Sotho language|Luqadda Waqooyiga Sotho]].<ref>[http://africanlanguages.com/south_africa/place_names_sagns.html Meanings of place names in South Africa]</ref> <!---------------------- IMAGE & MAP --> | image = | image_size = | image_caption = | map = | map_size = | map_caption = | pushpin_map = South Africa | pushpin_map_size = | pushpin_map_caption= Goobta uu ku yaal afka Webiga Sand <!---------------------- LOCATION --> | subdivision_type1 = Dalka | subdivision_name1 = [[South Africa|Koonfur Afrika]] | subdivision_type2 = Gobolka | subdivision_name2 = Gobollada Mpumalanga iyo Limpopo | subdivision_type3 = | subdivision_name3 = | subdivision_type4 = | subdivision_name4 = | subdivision_type5 = Magaalada | subdivision_name5 = [[Polokwane]] <!---------------------- PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS --> | length = {{convert|350|km|mi|abbr=on}} | width_min = | width_avg = | width_max = | depth_min = | depth_avg = | depth_max = | discharge1_location= | discharge1_min = | discharge1_avg = | discharge1_max = <!---------------------- BASIN FEATURES --> | source1 = | source1_location = [[Yserberg]] | source1_coordinates= | source1_elevation = {{convert|2039|m|abbr=on}} | mouth = [[Limpopo River|Webiga Limpopo]] | mouth_location = u dhow [[Musina]] | mouth_coordinates = {{coord|22|18|50|S|30|7|41|E|display=inline,title}} | mouth_elevation = {{convert|418|m|abbr=on}} | progression = | river_system = | basin_size = {{convert|15630|km2|abbr=on}} | tributaries_left = [[Mulaudzi River|Mulaudzi]] (Blood), [[Hout River|Hout]], [[Moleletsane River|Moleletsane]], [[Brak River|Brak]] | tributaries_right = [[Diep River (Limpopo)|Diep]], [[Koperspruit]], [[Dwars River|Dwars]] | custom_label = | custom_data = | extra = <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.csir.co.za/rhp/state_of_rivers/state_of_crocsabieolif_01/olif_eco.html|title=State of Rivers Report - The Olifants River System|publisher=Council for Scientific and Industrial Research|accessdate=2009-02-19|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070703100205/http://www.csir.co.za/rhp/state_of_rivers/state_of_crocsabieolif_01/olif_eco.html|archivedate=2007-07-03}}</ref> }} [[File:DeHoop.png | thumb | right | alt=A diagram of potential dam construction | Shax muujinaysa dhismaha suurtogalka ah ee biyo-xireen laga dhiso webiga De Hoop ]] '''Webiga Sand''' ama '''Webiga Polokwane'''<ref>[http://www.krugerpark.co.za/krugerpark-times-2-15-olifants-river-lepelle-20557.html Olifants River now called Lepelle]</ref> ({{langx|af|Sandrivier}}) waa koorso biyeed ku yaal [[Limpopo Province|Gobolka Limpopo]], [[South Africa|Koonfur Afrika]], waana laan dhanka midig kaga biirta [[Limpopo River|Webiga Limpopo]]. Magaciisa cusub ee "Webiga Polokwane" wuxuu la magac yahay magaalada [[Polokwane]], oo hore loo oran jiray Pietersburg, taas oo qiyaastii {{convert|200|km|mi}} kor uga xigta afkiisa. Webiga Sand wuxuu dhex maraa cirifka galbeed ee magaaladan. ==Marinka== Ishiisu waxay ku taal dhanka koonfureed ee [[Mokopane]] wuxuuna u qulqulaa dhanka waqooyi isagoo dhex mara bartamaha Gobolka Limpopo ilaa uu ka gooyo [[Soutpansberg]] isagoo dhex maraya hantida qotada dheer ee Waterpoort. Ka dib wuxuu u qalloocdaa dhanka waqooyi isagoo dhex mara [[Lowveld]] ilaa uu kaga biiro bangiga midig ee Limpopo {{convert|7|km|mi|0}} dhanka bari ee [[Musina]].<ref>[http://www.fao.org/docrep/008/y5744e/y5744e07.htm Major rivers and streams within the Limpopo River Basin]</ref> Inkastoo loo arko [[perennial stream|durdur joogto ah]] haddana inta badan waa uu engegaa xilliga jiilaalka. [[veld|Dhulka daaqsinka (veld)]] ee dooxada Webiga Sand wuxuu la kulmay xaalad xaaluf ah, inta badan sababtoo ah [[overgrazing|daaqsin xad-dhaaf ah]]. Waxaa jira aagag [[wetland|dhul qoyan]] ah oo ku yaal dooxada. Aaggani waa [[ecosystem|nidaam deegaan]] muhiim u ah dhirta qaarkood ee naadirka ah ama qarka u saaran inay dabar-go'aan, iyo sidoo kale noocyada rafiidka (rah) iyo shimbiraha. Waxaa jira 18 miino oo ku yaal dooxada Webiga Sand.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.limpoporak.com/en/river/sub-basin+summaries/Sand.aspx |title=Sand Sub-basin |access-date=2012-03-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120420102211/http://www.limpoporak.com/en/river/sub-basin+summaries/Sand.aspx |archive-date=2012-04-20 |url-status=dead }}</ref> ===Biyo-xireennada iyo laamaha=== Biyo-xireenka kaliya ee xaddidnaanta weyn leh ee ku yaal dooxada Webiga Sand waa [[Mathala Dam|Biyo-xireenka Mathala]], oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan ''Biyo-xireenka Houtrivier'', kaas oo ku yaal [[Hout River|Webiga Hout]], oo ah laan dhanka bidix kaga biirta Sand.<ref>[http://www.ewisa.co.za/misc/RiverLimSand/defaultmain.htm Sand River]</ref> [[Diep River (Limpopo)|Webiga Diep]] wuxuu kula kulmaa bangiga midig ee Webiga Sand dhanka waqooyi-bari ee magaalada Polokwane. [[Mulaudzi River|Webiga Mulaudzi]], oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan "Blood River", wuxuu kaga biiraa Webiga Sand dhanka bidix meel u dhow waqooyiga Polokwane. [[Seshego Dam|Biyo-xireenka Seshego]] waa biyo-xireen yar oo ku yaal Mulaudzi.<ref>[http://www.polokwane.gov.za/userfiles/1/file/Information%20Centre/Document%20Library/Draft-IDP-2010-2011-final-26%20-March-2010.pdf Polokwane Municipality]</ref> [[Brak River|Webiga Brak]] waa [[intermittent stream|durdur xilliyeed]] qulqula inta u dhaxeysa [[Blouberg (range)|Blouberg]] iyo [[Soutpansberg]], isagoo kaga biira bangiga bidix ee Webiga Sand qiyaastii {{convert|35|km|mi}} u jirta Webiga Limpopo. == Tixraac == {{reflist}} ==Xiriirinta dibadda== *[http://samilitaryhistory.org/vol123rb.html The Anglo-Boer War, 1899-1902 - The Far North-Western Front] *[http://www.travelcomments.com/travel_info/TravelComments_com_oldnewplaces_sa.pdf Old & New Place Names in South Africa] *[http://www.dwaf.gov.za/iwqs/rhp/eco/FROC/WMA1Limpopo.jpg Limpopo WMA1] 7hwbk034jhfgep8xjs6fjrwf11y26kg 0 48497 300654 2026-07-03T11:54:19Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 300654 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox river | name = Webiga Sand | native_name = | native_name_lang = | name_other = Sandrivier | name_etymology = Waxaa loogu magac daray dhacdo uu gaari-faras ku go'ay ciidda dhexdeeda ee sariirta webiga ee engegan<ref>[https://archive.org/stream/DictionaryOfSouthernAfricanPlaceNames/SaPlaceNames_djvu.txt Dictionary of Southern African Place Names]</ref> <!---------------------- IMAGE & MAP --> | image = 10 of 'History of the Boers in South Africa ... with three maps' (11189449154), crop.jpg | image_size = | image_caption = Webiga Sand (badhtamaha midig) ee khariidaddii 1887 | map = | map_size = | map_caption = | pushpin_map = South Africa | pushpin_map_size = | pushpin_map_caption= Goobta uu ku yaal afka Webiga Sand <!---------------------- LOCATION --> | subdivision_type1 = Dalka | subdivision_name1 = [[South Africa|Koonfur Afrika]] | subdivision_type2 = Gobolka | subdivision_name2 = [[Free State (South African province)|Free State]] | subdivision_type3 = | subdivision_name3 = | subdivision_type4 = | subdivision_name4 = | subdivision_type5 = | subdivision_name5 = <!---------------------- PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS --> | length = {{convert|200|km|mi|abbr=on}} | width_min = | width_avg = | width_max = | depth_min = | depth_avg = | depth_max = | discharge1_location= | discharge1_min = | discharge1_avg = | discharge1_max = <!---------------------- BASIN FEATURES --> | source1 = Waxaa ag dhow [[Tweefontein]] | source1_location = Woqooyi-galbeed ee [[Ficksburg]] | source1_coordinates= | source1_elevation = {{convert|1660|m|abbr=on}} | mouth = [[Vet River|Webiga Vet]] | mouth_location = U dhow [[Tierfontein]] | mouth_coordinates = {{coord|28|5|33|S|26|24|51|E|display=inline,title}} | mouth_elevation = {{convert|1260|m|abbr=on}} | progression = | river_system = | basin_size = | tributaries_left = | tributaries_right = | custom_label = | custom_data = | extra = }} '''Webiga Sand''' ({{langx|af|Sandrivier}}, hore loo oran jiray '''Zandrivier'''<ref name=raper>{{cite book|last=Raper|first=P. E.|title=Sand River|url=https://archive.org/stream/DictionaryOfSouthernAfricanPlaceNames/SaPlaceNames_djvu.txt |work=Dictionary of Southern African Place Names |accessdate=28 October 2013}}</ref>) waa webi ku yaal gobolka [[Free State (South African province)|Free State]], [[South Africa|Koonfur Afrika]]. Wuxuu u dhow yahay magaalooyinka [[Welkom]] iyo [[Virginia, Free State|Virginia]] oo ah xarunta [[gold mining|macganta dahabka]] ee Free State. Ishiisu waxay ku taal meel u dhow [[Tweefontein]] oo woqooyi-galbeed ka xigta [[Ficksburg]] meel aan ka fogeyn [[South Africa-Lesotho border|xadka Koonfur Afrika iyo Lesotho]] (halka ay isku-duwaha yihiin {{coord|28|40|49|S|27|41|23|E|}}). Webigan wuxuu caan ku yahay sababtoo ah taariikhda [[Sand River Convention|Heshiiskii Webiga Sand]] ee lagu saxiixay meel u dhow, taas oo ah dhacdo muhiim u ah taariikhda siyaasadeed ee Koonfur Afrika. ==Aagga ururinta biyaha iyo laamaha== Webiga Sand waa laan kaga biirta [[Vet River|Webiga Vet]], oo isna ah laan kaga biirta [[Vaal River|Webiga Vaal]]. Laamaha ku biira waxaa ka mid ah [[Debeerspruit]], iyo kuwa kale. Waxaa loo tixgeliyaa inay qayb ka tahay [[Middle Vaal Water Management Area|Aagga Maareynta Biyaha ee Bartamaha Vaal]].<ref name="DWAF-FS Rivers-2003-28">{{cite book|title=Free State Region River Systems – 2003|publisher=[[Department of Water Affairs and Forestry (South Africa)]]|date=March 2004|pages=28|isbn=0-620-31794-9|url=http://soer.deat.gov.za/dm_documents/Free_State_AvOCU.pdf}}</ref> Waxaa kaliya oo laga xiray [[Allemanskraal Dam|Biyo-xireenka Allemanskraal]] oo ku yaal [[Willem Pretorius Game Reserve|Kaydka Duurjoogta Willem Pretorius]]. ==Taariikh== {{main|Sand River Convention}} [[Sand River Convention|Heshiiskii Webiga Sand]] ee horseeday madaxbannaanida [[Transvaal Republic|Jamhuuriyaddii Transvaal]] waxaa lagu saxiixay teendho ku taal hareeraha Webiga Sand 17kii Janaayo 1852. Taallo xusaysa xafladdaas ayaa maanta laga heli karaa hareeraha webiga qiyaastii {{convert|15|km}} u jirta [[Winburg]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.freestatetourism.org/about-the-free-state/lejweleputswa-ventersburg/index.html|title=Ventersburg – Lejweleputswa – Free State|publisher=Free State Tourism|accessdate=1 January 2010|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091207101420/http://www.freestatetourism.org/about-the-free-state/lejweleputswa-ventersburg/index.html|archivedate=7 December 2009}}</ref> 25kii Maarso 1900, xilligii marxaladdii dharbaaxo-galka (guerrilla) ee [[Anglo-Boer War|Dagaalkii Anglo-Boer]], Golaha Dagaalka oo ay horkacayeen [[Boer|Boer-ta]] oo rabay inay sii dajiyaan colaadda ayaa lagu qabtay buundo korkeed oo ku taal Webiga Sand.<ref>[http://myfundi.co.za/e/The_Anglo-Boer_War_I:_Review The Anglo-Boer War I: Review]</ref> 10kii Maajo 1900, Ingiriisku wuxuu [[Battle of Zand River|la dagaallamay fariisinkii difaaca ee Boer-ta]] ee ku yaallay Webiga Sand xilligii [[Second Boer War|Dagaalkii Labaad ee Boer]]. Sannadkii [[1988 in South Africa|1988]] Webiga Sand wuxuu ku fatahay hareerihiisa wuxuuna harqiyay qaybo ka mid ah magaalada Virginia. Sannadkii [[1994 in South Africa|1994]] masiibadii [[Merriespruit tailings dam disaster|biyo-xireenkii haraaga miinada ee Merriespruit]] ayaa ka dhacday meel ka baxsan Virginia, halkaas oo ay ku dhinteen toddoba iyo toban qof.<ref name="Wagener 1997a">{{cite journal |last= Wagener |first= F |year= 1997|title= The Merriespruit slimes dam failure: Overview and lessons learnt|journal= SAICE Journal |volume= 39|issue= 3|pages= 11–15 }}</ref> Webiga waxaa loogu magac daray dhacdo uu gaari-faras ku go'ay ciiddiisa dhexdeeda, dadeedna ay ahayd in laga dejiyo agabka ka hor intaan safarka la sii wadin.<ref name=raper/> ==Tixraac== {{Reflist}} ==Xiriirinta dibadda== *[https://web.archive.org/web/20071025125021/http://www.environment.gov.za/soer/reports/rivers/free%20state/Free%20State.pdf Free State Region River Systems] *[http://www.anglo-boer.co.za/intro/second-british-offensive.php The Anglo-Boer War – The Second British Offensive] sb99pva2g03jzp6eclwjv8s8jmfycgg 0 48498 300656 2026-07-03T11:57:03Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 300656 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox river | name = Webiga Steelpoort | native_name = {{native name list |tag1=nso |name1=Tubatse |tag2=nr |name2=iNdubazi}} | name_other = | name_etymology = <!---------------------- IMAGE & MAP --> | image = 11 of 'History of the Boers in South Africa ... with three maps' (11191958004), crop3.jpg | image_size = | image_caption = Webiga Steelpoort oo loo muujiyay inuu yahay laan kaga biirta Olifants ee khariidaddii 1887 | map = | map_size = | map_caption = | pushpin_map = South Africa | pushpin_map_size = | pushpin_map_caption= Goobta uu ku yaal afka Webiga Steelpoort <!---------------------- LOCATION --> | subdivision_type1 = Dalka | subdivision_name1 = [[South Africa|Koonfur Afrika]] | subdivision_type2 = Gobolka | subdivision_name2 = [[Limpopo Province|Gobolka Limpopo]] | subdivision_type3 = | subdivision_name3 = | subdivision_type4 = | subdivision_name4 = | subdivision_type5 = | subdivision_name5 = <!---------------------- PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS --> | length = | width_min = | width_avg = | width_max = | depth_min = | depth_avg = | depth_max = | discharge1_location= | discharge1_min = | discharge1_avg = | discharge1_max = <!---------------------- BASIN FEATURES --> | source1 = | source1_location = Kwaggaskop, [[Mpumalanga Province|Mpumalanga]] | source1_coordinates= | source1_elevation = {{convert|1930|m|abbr=on}} | mouth = [[Olifants River (Limpopo)|Webiga Olifants]] | mouth_location = U dhow [[Kromellenboog]], [[Limpopo Province]] | mouth_coordinates = {{coord|24|26|35|S|30|26|06|E|display=inline,title}} | mouth_elevation = {{convert|605|m|abbr=on}} | progression = | river_system = | basin_size = {{convert|7139|km2|abbr=on}} | tributaries_left = | tributaries_right = | custom_label = | custom_data = | extra = <ref>[http://www.iwmi.cgiar.org/Publications/Working_Papers/working/WOR17-2.pdf Olifants and Steelpoort River Basins]{{Dead link|date=May 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=no }}</ref> }} '''Webiga Steelpoort, iNdubazi''' ama '''Tubatse''' ({{langx|af|Steelpoortrivier}}) waa webi ku yaal [[Limpopo Province|Gobolka Limpopo]], [[South Africa|Koonfur Afrika]]. Wuxuu u qulqulaa dhanka waqooyi-bari waana laan dhanka midig kaga biirta [[Olifants River (Limpopo)|Webiga Olifants]], wuxuuna kula biiraa cidhifka hoose ee dooxadiisa. Ishiisu waxay ku taal Kwaggaskop, oo ah beer u dhaxaysa [[Dullstroom]], [[Stoffberg]] iyo [[Belfast, Mpumalanga|Belfast]]. Laamaha ugu muhiimsan ee Webiga Steelpoort waa Webiga Klip<!-- DO NOT WIKILINK with Klip River, that river flows in Johannesburg-->, [[Dwars River|Webiga Dwars]], [[Waterval River|Webiga Waterval]] iyo [[Spekboom River|Webiga Spekboom]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ewisa.co.za/misc/RiverMPUSteelpoort/STEELPOORTRiver_Hydrology%20.htm |title=Steelpoort River: Hydrology and geohydrology |access-date=2012-03-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140808052032/http://www.ewisa.co.za/misc/RiverMPUSteelpoort/STEELPOORTRiver_Hydrology%20.htm |archive-date=2014-08-08 |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[De Hoop Dam (Limpopo)|Biyo-xireenka De Hoop]] ee ku yaal Webiga Steelpoort wuxuu shaqaynayay tan iyo dabayaaqadii 2014.<ref name=beeld>{{cite news |last1=Celliers |first1=Heléne |title=De Hoop-dam eers later voltooi |url=http://www.beeld.com/sake/2014-02-16-de-hoop-dam-eers-later-voltooi |access-date=18 June 2014|agency=Beeld|date=16 February 2014}}</ref><ref>[https://www.fao.org/docrep/008/y5744e/y5744e07.htm Major rivers and streams within the Limpopo River Basin]</ref> Qaybaha qaar ee webigan waa goobo caan ku ah [[kayaking|doomaha yar yar ee kayaking]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://adrian.playak.com/index.php/sa-mpumalanga-mainmenu-13/21-the-steelpoort-river# |title=The Steelpoort River |access-date=2012-03-14 |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[Sekhukhuneland]], oo ah aagga taariikhiga ah ee [[Pedi people|dadka Pedi-ga]], waxay ku taal u dhaxaysa Webiga Steelpoort iyo Webiga Olifants.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ezakwantu.com/Tribes%20-%20Ba%20Pedi%20-%20Bapedi%20-%20Northern%20Basotho.htm# |title=The Ba Pedi |access-date=2012-03-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120314132451/http://www.ezakwantu.com/Tribes%20-%20Ba%20Pedi%20-%20Bapedi%20-%20Northern%20Basotho.htm# |archive-date=2012-03-14 |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Tixraac == {{Reflist}} ==Xiriirinta dibadda== *[https://web.archive.org/web/20120306135413/http://www.iwmi.cgiar.org/Research_Impacts/Benchmark_Basins/Olifants.aspx The Olifants River Basin, South Africa] *[http://www.nra.co.za/content/Tubatse1.pdf Greater Tubatse municipality] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20070703100205/http://www.csir.co.za/rhp/state_of_rivers/state_of_crocsabieolif_01/olif_eco.html The Olifants River System] *[http://www.engineeringnews.co.za/topic/steelpoort-river Steelpoort River - News - EngineeringNews] *[http://www.iwmi.cgiar.org/Publications/Working_Papers/working/WOR17.pdf Hydro-Institutional Mapping in the Steelpoort River Basin, South Africa] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20120610212125/http://www.ewisa.co.za/misc/School/oLIFANTS%20COVER.pdf The Olifants River] {{Authority control}} 55arwewan2rgkcfk23pw6l0ik1sp056